id string | year int64 | authors string | title string | language string | num_authors int64 | num_women_authors int64 | woman_as_first_author int64 | affiliations string | num_affilitations int64 | at_least_one_international_affiliation int64 | international_affilitation_only int64 | international_authors int64 | names_international_authors string | num_compay_authors int64 | names_company_authors string | countries_affilitations string | cities_affiliations string | abstract string | introduction string | conclusion string | num_topics int64 | topics string |
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201_2017 | 2,017 | Ludovica Pannitto, Lavinia Salicchi, Alessandro Lenci | AHyDA: Automatic Hypernym Detection with feature Augmentation | ENG | 3 | 2 | 1 | Università di Pisa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pisa | Several unsupervised methods for hypernym detection have been investigated in distributional semantics. Here we present a new approach based on a smoothed version of the distributional inclusion hypothesis. The new method is able to improve hypernym detection after testing on the \textsc{bless} dataset. | Within the Distributional Semantics framework, semantic similarity between words is usually expressed in terms of proximity in a semantic space, where the dimensions of the space represent, at some level of abstraction, the contexts in which the words occur. Our intuitions about the meaning of words allow inferences of... | The Distributional inclusion hypothesis has proven to be a viable approach to hypernym detection. However, its original formulation rests on an assumption that does not take into consideration the actual usage of hypernyms in texts. In this paper we have shown that, by adding some further pragmatically inspired constra... | 22 | Distributional Semantics |
202_2017 | 2,017 | Anne-Lyse Minard, Manuela Speranza, Mohammed R. H. Qwaider, Bernardo Magnini | Sanremo's winner is... Category-driven Selection Strategies for Active Learning | ENG | 4 | 2 | 1 | Fondazione Bruno Kessler | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | This paper compares Active Learning selection strategies for sentiment analysis of Twitter data. We focus mainly on category-driven strategies, which select training instances taking into consideration the confidence of the system as well as the category of the tweet (e.g. positive or negative). We show that this combi... | Active Learning (AL) is a well known technique for the selection of training samples to be annotated by a human when developing a supervised machine learning system. AL allows for the collection of more useful training data, while at the same time reducing the annotation effort AUTHOR. In the AL framework samples are u... | We have presented a comparative study of three AL selection strategies. We have shown that a strategy that takes into account both the automatically assigned category and the system's confidence performs well in the case of unbalanced performance over the different classes. To complete our study it would be interesting... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
203_2017 | 2,017 | Caterina Masotti, Danilo Croce, Roberto Basili | Deep Learning for Automatic Image Captioning in poor Training Conditions | ENG | 3 | 1 | 1 | Università di Roma Tor Vergata | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Rome | Recent advancements in Deep Learning show that the combination of Convolutional Neural Networks and Recurrent Neural Networks enables the definition of very effective methods for the automatic captioning of images. Unfortunately, this straightforward result requires the existence of large-scale corpora and they are not... | The image captioning task consists in generating a brief description in natural language of a given image that is able to capture the depicted objects and the relations between them, as discussed in AUTHOR. More precisely, given an image I as input, an image captioner should be able to generate a well-formed sentence {... | In this paper a simple methodology for the training of neural models for the automatic captioning of images is presented. We generated a large scale of about 600,000 image captions in Italian by using an automatic machine translator. Although the noise introduced in this step, it allows to train one of the first neural... | 1 | Language Models |
204_2017 | 2,017 | Ignazio Mauro Mirto , Emanuele Cipolla | Dalla Word Sense Disambiguation alla Sintassi: il Problema dell'Articolo Partitivo in Italiano | ITA | 2 | 0 | 0 | Università di Palermo, Indipendent Researcher | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Palermo | Out of context, a link like professors gives no certainty of where to place gods in relation to the parts of the speech. The link may be valid for example or some professors (e.g. in \textit{of the teachers intervened}) or express membership (e.g. The professors' books). In the first case it is the party article of a n... | This work focuses on the party article in Italian, etymologically formed by a definite article and by a definite article. The whole series, of the, of the, of the, of the, of the, of the, of the, is on the surface identical to the homonymous articulated prepositions. Even at first glance, the variety of outcomes obtain... | The process of automatic disambiguation of sequences introduced by of + partitive article presented here gave rise to promising results, in particular for the identification of the specification complements. In order to be able to speak of information retrieveval, however, a statistical sample of some relevance is nece... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
205_2017 | 2,017 | Giorgia Conte, Cristina Bosco, Alessandro Mazzei | Dealing with Italian Adjectives in Noun Phrase: a study oriented to Natural Language Generation | ENG | 3 | 2 | 1 | Università di Torino | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Turin | This paper describes a theoretical and empirical investigation about the position of adjectives in the Italian language. The long term goal which oriented the study is the formalization of this information into a natural language generation system. Providing that adjectives mainly occur within noun phrases, we focused ... | Corpus linguistics is a methodological approach based on the extraction from a set of texts of data useful for the study of language. Even if in principle any collection of texts can be called corpus, the term assumes a more precise connotation in the context of modern linguistics, where a corpus is featured by samplin... | The paper presents a study about the behaviour of the adjective within the noun phrase. Providing that the qualitative description given by traditional grammars does not allow the definition of a formal model, we considered a recent study that classifies the descriptive adjectives. The long term goal which oriented thi... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
206_2017 | 2,017 | Alessia Bianchini, Francesco Tarasconi, Raffaella Ventaglio, Mariafrancesca Guadalupi | Gimme the Usual - How Handling of Pragmatics Improves Chatbots | ENG | 4 | 3 | 1 | Università di Torino, CELI Language Technology, Gruppo Anchise | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | Alessia Bianchini, Francesco Tarasconi, Raffaella Ventaglio, Mariafrancesca Guadalupi | Italy | Turin | We provide our view on the components needed for both the development and further improvement of robust and effective chatbots. We focus on why Pragmatics is important in developing next generation chatbots by bringing a few generalizable examples. We report our current experience on the design and implementation of a ... | Chatbot, chatterbot, natural-language interface, dialogue system are some of the terms used to re- fer to softwares that aim to carry on conversations with humans (AUTHOR; LAUTHOR; AUTHOR). We will not go into further details about the classification and definition of such softwares. We will use chatbot as if it was a ... | We are currently in the process of evaluating Financial QA according to a framework based on PARADISE (AUTHOR; AUTHOR), which considers, among the others, the following indicators: Task Ease, NLU Performance, Expected Behavior, Presentation, Verbal Presentation, Future Use. We plan to finalize our evaluation in the nex... | 3 | Chatbots and Dialogue Systems |
207_2017 | 2,017 | Alessandro Maisto, Serena Pelosi, Simonetta Vietri, Pierluigi Vitale | Mining Offensive Language on Social Media | ENG | 4 | 2 | 0 | Università di Salerno | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Salerno | The present research deals with the automatic annotation and classification of vulgar ad offensive speech on social media. In this paper we will test the effectiveness of the computational treatment of the taboo contents shared on the web, the output is a corpus of 31,749 Facebook comments which has been automatically ... | Flaming, trolling, harassment, cyberbullying, cyberstalking, cyberthreats are all terms used for referring to vulgar and offensive contents shared on the web. The shapes can be different and the focus can be on various topics, such as physical appearance, ethnicity, sexuality, social acceptance and so forth. Although t... | In this paper we described an experiment on the detection and classification of offenses, threats and insults shared through User Generated Contents. As a matter of fact, in May 2016, the European Commission, together with companies like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Microsoft, underlined the relevance of these topics... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
208_2017 | 2,017 | Andrea Cimino, Martijn Wieling, Felice Dell'Orletta, Simonetta Montemagni, Giulia Venturi | Identifying Predictive Features for Textual Genre Classification: ,the Key Role of Syntax | ENG | 5 | 2 | 0 | University of Groningen, CNR-ILC | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Martijn Wieling | 0 | 0 | Netherlands, Italy | Groningen, Pisa | The paper investigates impact and role of different feature types for the specific task of Automatic Genre Classification with the final aim of identifying the most predictive ones. The goal was pursued by carrying out incremental feature selection through Grafting using different sets %(word-level vs multi-level) of l... | Automatic classification of textual genres has always received significant attention from both theoretical and application perspectives. On the one hand, it has been considered relevant by linguists and educators to teach students the correct way of writing in specific communicative scenarios AUTHOR. On the other hand,... | "In this paper we investigated impact and role of different feature types for Automatic Genre Classification. The goal was pursued by carrying out incremental feature selection through Grafting augmented with TinyEst. Two sets of features were taken into account, token-based and structure-based. Achieved results %for d... | 9 | Textual Genres & Literature Linguistics |
209_2017 | 2,017 | Mattia A. Di Gangi, Federico Marcello | Can Monolingual Embeddings Improve Neural Machine Translation? | ENG | 2 | 0 | 0 | Università di Trento, Fondazione Bruno Kessler | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | Neural machine translation (NMT) %notoriously: used to emphasize that a quality or fact, <<typically a bad one>>, is well known: the company is notoriously difficult to contact | a notoriously overcrowded prison. recently redefined the state of the art in machine translation, by introducing deep learning architecture t... | The latest developments of machine translation have been led by the neural approach (AUTHOR; AUTHOR), a deep-learning based technique that has shown to outperform the previous methods in all the recent evaluation campaigns (AUTHOR; AUTHOR). NMT mainly relies on parallel data, which are expensive to produce as they invo... | In this paper we propose three methods to extend the input word embeddings to an NMT network in order to leverage a word representation coming from a big monolingual corpus. Our results show that this approach greatly improves over an NMT baseline in a low-resource scenario, while it is not helpful for better-resourced... | 10 | Machine Translation |
210_2017 | 2,017 | Irene Sucameli, Alessandro Lenci | PARAD-it: Eliciting Italian Paradigmatic Relations with Crowdsourcing | ENG | 2 | 1 | 1 | Università di Pisa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pisa | n this paper, we present a new dataset of semantically related Italian word pairs. The dataset consists of nouns, adjectives and verbs together with their synonyms, antonyms and hypernyms. The data have been collected with crowdsourcing from a pool of Italian native speakers. The dataset, the first of its kind, is usef... | The present project aims at providing new data about the internal organization of the Italian lexicon. For this purpose, we present PARAD-it1 a paradigmatic relation dataset elicited from Italian native speakers with crowdsourcing. This dataset consists of a set of target words selected from the Italian section of Mult... | This project presents PARAD-it, a new collection composed by pairs of Italian nouns, verbs and adjectives related by different types of paradigmatic relations, elicited by native speakers with crowdsourcing. Starting from this new resource, a quantitative analysis was carried out to analyze the mechanisms underlying th... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
211_2017 | 2,017 | Roberto Basili, Valentina Bellomaria, Niels J. Bugge , Danilo Croce, Francesco De Michele, Federico Fiori Nastro, Paolo Fiori Nastro, Chantal Michel , Stefanie J. Schmidt, Frauke Schultze-Lutter | Monitoring Adolescents' Distress using Social Web data as a Source:,the InsideOut Project | ENG | 10 | 4 | 0 | Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Reveal srl, University of Bern, University of Geneva, Sapienza Università di Roma, Heinrich-Heine University | 6 | 1 | 0 | 4 | Niels J. Bugge, Chantal Michel, Stefanie J. Schmidt, Frauke Schultze-Lutter | 3 | Roberto Basili, Valentina Bellomaria, Danilo Croce | Italy, Switzerland, Germany | Rome, Bern, Geneva, Dusseldorf | The role of Social Media in the psychological and social development of adolescents and young adults is increasingly important as it impacts on the quality of their interpersonal communication dynamics. The InsideOut project explores the possibility to use Social Web mining methodologies and technologies to collect inf... | Among adolescents, the use of Social Media, such as Twitter, Facebook or Instagram, has grown exponentially in the past years. This makes them a valuable source of information on the well-being of adolescents, but also concerning on their mental health. Mental disorders are the main cause of disability in adolescents a... | This paper summarizes the InsideOut project where the possibility to use Social Web mining methodologies and technologies to gather evidence about the adolescents' mental distress.%, using as sources micro-blogging activities of users, is investigated. The semantic model defined here and the annotated resource pave the... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
212_2017 | 2,017 | Yuri Bizzoni, Marco S.G. Senaldi, Alessandro Lenci | Deep-learning the Ropes: Modeling Idiomaticity with Neural Networks | ENG | 3 | 0 | 0 | University of Gothenburg, Scuola Normale Superiore, Università di Pisa | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Yuri Bizzoni | 0 | 0 | Italy, Sweden | Gothenburg, Pisa | In this work we explore the possibility of training a neural network to classify and rank idiomatic expressions under constraints of data scarcity. We discuss our results comparing them both to other unsupervised models designed to perform idiom detection and to similar supervised classifiers trained to detect metaphor... | Figurative expressions like idioms (e.g. to learn the ropes `to learn how to do a job', to cut the mustard `to perform up to expectations', etc.) and metaphors (e.g. clean performance, that lawyer is a shark, etc.) are pervasive in language use. Important differences have been stressed between the two types of expressi... | It seems that the distribution of idiomatic and compositional expressions in large corpora can suffice for a supervised classifier to learn the difference between the two linguistic elements from small training sets and with a good level of accuracy. Unlike with metaphors AUTHOR, feeding the classifier with a compositi... | 22 | Distributional Semantics |
213_2017 | 2,017 | Daniele Puccinelli, Silvia Demartini, Aris Piatti, Sara Giulivi, Luca Cignetti, Simone Fornara | PoS Taggers in the Wild: A Case Study with Swiss Italian Student Essays} | ENG | 6 | 2 | 0 | University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Daniele Puccinelli, Silvia Demartini, Aris Piatti, Sara Giulivi, Luca Cignetti, Simone Fornara | 0 | 0 | Switzerland | Manno | State-of-the-art Part-of-Speech taggers have been thoroughly evaluated on standard Italian. To understand how Part-of-Speech taggers that have been pre-trained on standard Italian fare with a wide array of language anomalies, we evaluate five Part-of-Speech taggers on a corpus of student essays written throughout the l... | The goal of this paper is to present the preliminary results of the evaluation of a set of state-of-the-art Part of Speech (PoS) taggers on the \tiscrivo corpus of Italian-language (L1) K-12 student essays from schools in the Italian-speaking part of Switzerland. The \tiscrivo corpus represents an example of non-standa... | We have presented a comparative performance assessment of five state-of-the-art PoS taggers on the \tiscrivo corpus of K-12 student essays, along with an analysis of the patterns that can be observed in the mistakes made by individual taggers. As this is still a work in progress, the results in the paper are limited to... | 8 | Learner Corpora and Language Acquisition |
214_2017 | 2,017 | Rocco Tripodi, Stefano Li Pira | Analysis of Italian Word Embeddings | ENG | 2 | 0 | 0 | Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, University of Warwick | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Stefano Li Pira | 0 | 0 | Italy, United Kingdom | Venice, Warwick | In this work we analyze the performances of two of the most used word embeddings algorithms, skip-gram and continuous bag of words on Italian language. These algorithms have many hyper-parameter that have to be carefully tuned in order to obtain accurate word representation in vectorial space. We provide an extensive a... | The distributional hypothesis of language, set forth by AUTHOR and AUTHOR, states that the meaning of a word can be inferred from the contexts in which it is used. Using the co-occurrence of words in a large corpus, we can observe for example that the contexts in which client is used are very similar to those in which ... | We have tested two word representation methods: SG and CBOW training them only on a dump of the Italian Wikipedia. We compared the results of the two models using 12 combinations of hyper-parameters. We have adopted a simple word analogy test to evaluate the generated word embeddings. The results have shown that increa... | 22 | Distributional Semantics |
215_2017 | 2,017 | Alessandra Cervone, Evgeny A. Stepanov, Fabio Celli, Giuseppe Riccardi | Irony Detection: from the Twittersphere to the News Space | ENG | 4 | 1 | 1 | Università di Trento | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | Automatic detection of irony is one of the hot topics for sentiment analysis, as it changes the polarity of text. Most of the work has been focused on the detection of figurative language in Twitter data due to relative ease of obtaining annotated data, thanks to the use of hashtags to signal irony. However, irony is p... | The detection of irony in user generated content is one of the major issues in sentiment analysis and opinion mining AUTHOR. The problem is that irony can flip the polarity of apparently positive sentences, negatively affecting the performance of sentiment polarity classification AUTHOR. Detecting irony from text is ex... | We have presented experiments on irony detection in Italian Twitter and news fora data comparing different document representations -- bag-of-words, writing style as stylometric features, and word embeddings. The objective is to evaluate the suitability of Twitter data for detecting irony in news fora. The models were ... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
216_2017 | 2,017 | Pierpaolo Basile, Giovanni Semeraro, Pierluigi Cassotti | Bi-directional LSTM-CNNs-CRF for Italian Sequence Labeling | ENG | 3 | 3 | 0 | Università di Bari Aldo Moro | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Bari | In this paper, we propose a Deep Learning architecture for sequence labeling based on a state of the art model that exploits both word- and character-level representations through the combination of bidirectional LSTM, CNN and CRF. We evaluate the proposed method on three Natural Language Processing tasks for Italian: ... | Deep Learning (DL) gained a lot of attention in last years for its capacity to generalize models without the need of feature engineering and its ability to provide good performance. On the other hand good performance can be achieved by accu- rately designing the architecture used to perform the learning task. In Natura... | We propose an evaluation of a state of the art DL architecture for sequence labeling in the context of the Italian language. In particular, we consider three tasks: PoS-tagging of tweets, Named Entity Recognition and Super-Sense tagging. All tasks exploit data coming from EVALITA a standard benchmark for the evaluation... | 1 | Language Models |
217_2017 | 2,017 | Lucia C. Passaro, Alessandro Lenci, Anna Gabbolini | INFORMed PA: A NER for the Italian Public Administration Domain | ENG | 3 | 2 | 1 | Università di Pisa, ETI3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Anna Gabbolini | Italy | Pisa, Città di Castello | In this paper, we illustrate the creation of a NER for the Public Administration (PA) domain. We discuss the creation of an annotated corpus with documents from the Italian Albo Pretorio Nazionale and provide results of the system evaluation. | In the Public Administration (PA) domain, the rapid adoption of the new legislation about the governance transparency has been forcing Italian municipalities to produce their acts in a digital form and to make them available for both citizens and authorities. However, the acts delivered by PAs are typically in a free-t... | Named entities play an important role in administrative acts, especially in those - like the documents in the Albo Pretorio - describing the main actions taken by Municipalities. This kind of information is very useful to fullfil the obligations related to supervisory monitoring, disclosure, periodic self-assessment, a... | 20 | In-domain IR and IE |
218_2017 | 2,017 | Giorgio Maria Di Nunzio, Federica Beghini, Federica Vezzani, Geneviéve Henrot | A Reproducible Approach with R Markdown to ,Automatic Classification of Medical Certificates in French | ENG | 4 | 3 | 0 | Università di Padova | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Padua | "In this paper, we report the ongoing developments of our first participation to the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF) eHealth Task 1: ``Multilingual Information Extraction - ICD10 coding"" AUTHOR. The task consists in labelling death certificates, in French with international standard codes. In particular, we wan... | When researchers use `traditional' methods of scientific publication to describe computational research, we, as readers and researchers, may incur into the so-called `reproducible research' problem AUTHOR. For example, a traditional conference paper usually specifies the relevant computations of the main approach, beca... | The aim of this work was to continue the work on the reproducible research approach that can be used as a baseline for further experiments. The performance of the system that uses a semi-manual spell-checking approach improved the baseline set by the original paper. The documentation produced for the reproducibility ap... | 20 | In-domain IR and IE |
219_2017 | 2,017 | Emiliano Giovannetti, Davide Albanesi, Andrea Bellandi, David Dattilo, Felice Dell'Orletta | Stylometry in Computer-Assisted Translation: Experiments on the Babylonian Talmud | ENG | 5 | 0 | 0 | CNR-ILC, Progetto Traduzione Talmud Babilonese S.c.a r.l. | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pisa | The purpose of this research is to experiment the application of stylometric techniques in the area of Computer-Assisted Translation to reduce the revision effort in the context of a collaborative, large scale translation project. The obtained results show a correlation between the editing extent and the compliance to ... | The Progetto Traduzione Talmud Babilonese (PTTB) is a research and education project carrying out the digitized Italian translation of the Babylonian Talmud (BT), a fundamental book of the Jewish tradition, covering every aspect of human knowledge: law, science, philosophy, religion and even aspects of everyday life. T... | The experiment described in this paper proves that the application of NLP to CAT contexts can open new research perspectives and, more importantly, may be of concrete help in real usage translation scenarios. The proposed methodology can be applied, in principle, to any translation project in which a revision phase is ... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
220_2017 | 2,017 | Anna Feltracco, Bernardo Magnini, Elisabetta Jezek | Contrast-Ita Bank: A corpus for Italian Annotated with Discourse Contrast Relations | ENG | 3 | 2 | 1 | Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Università di Pavia, Università di Bergamo | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento, Pavia, Bergamo | We present Contrast-Ita Bank, a corpus annotated with discourse contrast relations in Italian. We annotate both explicit and implicit contrast relations, following the schema proposed in the Penn Discourse Treebank. We provide and discuss quantitative data about the new resource. | A relevant task in Natural Language Processing is the automatic identification of semantic relations between portions of text, such as textual entailment, text similarity, and temporal relation. In this contribution we focus on discourse contrast. By discourse relation we mean a relation between two parts of a coherent... | We presented Contrast-Ita Bank, a corpus annotated with discourse contrast relations in Italian. Following the PDTB annotation schema, we annotated explicit, implicit and altelex relations of contrast. We also present the list of connectives that convey contrast in the corpus. The new resource can be integrated with LI... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
221_2017 | 2,017 | Alessandro Bondielli, Lucia C. Passaro, Alessandro Lenci | Emo2Val: Inferring Valence Scores from fine-grained Emotion Values | ENG | 3 | 1 | 0 | Università di Pisa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pisa | This paper studies the relationship between the valence, one of the psycholinguistic variables in the Italian version of ANEW AUTHOR, and emotive scores calculated by exploiting distributional methods AUTHOR. We show two methods to infer valence from fine grained emotions and discuss their evaluation. | Recent years have seen a surge in studies concerning emotional ratings, both in psycholinguistics and in affective computing. Traditionally, the three main behavioral dimensions to measure the emotional value of a word are valence, arousal and dominance. AUTHOR define valence as the ``pleasantness of the stimulus'', us... | In this work we studied the relationship between valence and distributional emotive scores. We modeled our data with regression in order to predict both a continuous score for valence and its corresponding binarized version (i.e., polarity). Despite the difficulties of modeling an accurate representation of a continuou... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
222_2017 | 2,017 | Surafel M. Lakew, Mattia A. Di Gangi, Marcello Federico | Multilingual Neural Machine Translation for Low Resource Languages | ENG | 3 | 0 | 0 | Università di Trento, Fondazione Bruno Kessler | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has been shown to be more effective in translation tasks compared to the Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation (PBMT). However, NMT systems are limited in translating low-resource languages (LRL), due to the fact that neural methods require a large amount of parallel data to lear... | Neural machine translation (NMT) has recently shown its effectiveness by delivering the best performance in various evaluation campaigns (IWSLT 2016 AUTHOR, WMT 2016 AUTHOR).} Unlike rule-based or phrase-based MT, the end-to-end learning approach of NMT models the mapping from source to target language directly through... | In this paper, we used a multilingual NMT model in a low-resource language pairs scenario. We showed that a single multilingual system achieves comparable performances with the bilingual baselines while avoiding the need to train several single language pair models. Then, we showed how a multilingual model can be used ... | 10 | Machine Translation |
223_2017 | 2,017 | Alessio Salomoni | Toward a Treebank Collecting German Aesthetic Writings,of the Late 18th Century | ENG | 1 | 0 | 0 | Università di Pavia, Univeristà di Bergamo | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Bergamo, Pavia | In this paper, I will describe the methodology to develop the first sample of a dependency treebank collecting German aesthetic writings of the late 18\textsuperscript{th} century. A gold standard of the target data was annotated in order to evaluate some data-driven tools, trained on contemporary web news. Results are... | A constantly increasing amount of digital texts of the German literary history is freely available online as downloadable raw texts, especially thanks to important ongoing projects, such as deutschestextarchiv.de or zeno.org, to name but a few. In spite of this, we still lack annotated corpora gathering them per author... | In this work, I described the methodology behind the development of a first sample of a German treebank collecting a particular kind of aesthetic essays from the late 18th century, called fragments. A gold standard was annotated adhering to UD 2.0. Then some data-driven tools were tested either on the target data and o... | 4 | Syntax and Dependency Treebanks |
224_2017 | 2,017 | Dario Di Mauro, Antonio Origlia, Francesco Cutugno | Distributed Processes for Spoken Questions and Commands Understanding | ENG | 3 | 0 | 0 | Università di Napoli Federico II, Università di Padova | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Naples, Padua | Commercial products labelled as smart devices usually recur to a centralised system that processes all the requests. A distributed model, where nodes independently interact with the environment, may provide a widespread support for both users and other devices. In the latter setup, each entity has a partial awareness a... | This paper introduces a new distributed approach to question answering and command execution in different Intelligent Environments (henceforth IE). This idea is rarely encountered in literature (with a few exceptions by AUTHOR). IE is a new discipline including Domotic, Internet of Things, Cultural Heritage Technologic... | This paper presented PHASER, a distributed model for Human-Computer Interaction in Intelligent Environments. This work aims at improving the Navigation Problem, where a node forwards a received command if it is not able to understand or process it. Since the node operates with partial knowledge about both the request a... | 3 | Chatbots and Dialogue Systems |
225_2017 | 2,017 | Simona Frenda | Ironic Gestures and Tones in Twitter | ENG | 1 | 1 | 1 | Università di Torino, GruppoMeta | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Simona Frenda | Italy | Turin, Pisa | Automatic irony detection is a young field of research related to Sentiment Analysis. When dealing with social media data, the shortness of text and the extraction of the statement from his context usually makes it hard to understand irony even for humans but especially for machines. In this paper we propose an analysi... | The growing scientific interest on natural language understanding has been supported in the last decade by a great amount of user-generated texts available on the Web. People usually use social media platforms, such as Facebook and Twitter, to express their opinions on different topics, which can be exploited, for exam... | Although limited amount of Italian ironic examples, this analysis and the results of developed computational system AUTHOR show that people tend to use textual and conventional expedients of oral communication to express irony in informal context as social networks. We can observe this in Figure 1 and 2, where some lin... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
226_2017 | 2,017 | Francesca Della Moretta, Anna Feltracco, Elisabetta Jezek, Bernardo Magnini | Tagging Semantic Types for Verb Argument Positions | ENG | 4 | 3 | 1 | Università di Pavia, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, University of Bergamo | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pavia, Trento, Bergamo | Verb argument positions can be described by the semantic types that characterise the words filling that position. We investigate a number of linguistic issues underlying the tagging of an Italian corpus with the semantic types provided by the T-PAS (Typed Predicate Argument Structure) resource. We report both quantitat... | "Words that fill a certain verb argument position are characterised for their semantic properties. For instance, the fillers of the object position of the verb ``eat"" are typically required to share the fact that they are edible objects, like ``meat"" and ``bread"". There has been a vast literature in lexical semantic... | We performed a pilot experiment to tag the arguments of verbs, as recorded in the T-PAS resource, with their associated semantic type. We obtained good result in the annotation. By analyzing the cases of inter annotator disagreement, we were able to identify phenomena which lie at the core of such disagreements, such a... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
227_2017 | 2,017 | Andrea Amelio Ravelli, Lorenzo Gregori, Anna Feltracco | Evaluating a rule based strategy to map IMAGACT and T-PAS | ENG | 3 | 1 | 0 | Università di Firenze, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Università di Pavia, Università di Bergamo | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Florence, Trento, Pavia, Bergamo | This paper presents the analysis of a mapping between two resources, IMAGACT and T-PAS, made through a rule-based algorithm which converts argument structures in thematic roles. Results are good in terms of Recall, while Precision values are low: an analysis of the causes is proposed. | "The automatic mapping of information between two resources is not a trivial task, but indeed joining information over specific data can benefit the involved resources. This paper describes the analysis of a mapping between two linguistic resources: IMAGACT and T-PAS. The motivation behind this mapping starts with the ... | In this paper we presented a first attempt of mapping IMAGACT and T-PAS by using a rule-based algorithm for the automatic conversion of T-PAS semantic types into thematic structures. We took advantage of the strong discriminative power of semantic types in their argument position to reduce the possible set of allowed t... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
228_2017 | 2,017 | Angelo Basile, Tommaso Caselli, Malvina Nissim | Predicting Controversial News Using Facebook Reactions | ENG | 3 | 1 | 0 | University of Malta, University of Groningen, VU Amsterdam | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | Angelo Basile, Tommaso Caselli, Malvina Nissim | 0 | 0 | Malta, Netherlands | Misida, Groningen, Amsterdam | Different events and their reception in different reader communities may give rise to controversy. We propose a distant supervised entropy-based model that uses Facebook reactions as proxies for predicting news controversy. We prove the validity of this approach by running within- and across-source experiments, where d... | The explosion of social media (e.g. Facebook, Twitter, Disqus, Reddit, Wikipedia, among others) and the increased interactions with readers-users that traditional newspapers embraced, have transformed the Web in a huge agora, where news are shared, opinions are exchanged, and debates arise. On many topics, such as clim... | This paper presents a simple regression model to predict the entropy of a post's reactions based on the Facebook reaction feature. We take this measure as a proxy to predict the controversy of news, where the higher the entropy (indicated by highly mixed reactions), the bigger the controversy. We run experiments both w... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
229_2017 | 2,017 | Rachele Sprugnoli, Sara Tonelli, Giovanni Moretti, Stefano Menini | \textit{A little bit of bella pianura}: Detecting Code-Mixing in Historical English Travel Writing | ENG | 4 | 2 | 1 | Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Università di Trento | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | Code-mixing is the alternation between two or more languages in the same text. This phenomenon is very relevant in the travel domain, since it can provide new insight in the way foreign cultures are perceived and described to the readers. In this paper, we analyse English-Italian code-mixing in historical English trave... | Code-mixing is the alternation between two or more languages that can occur between sentences (inter-sentential), within the same utterance (intra-sentential), or even inside a single token (mixing of morphemes). This phenomenon has been widely studied from the linguistic, psycholinguistic, and sociolinguistic point of... | In this work, we presented the first automated analysis of code-mixing in historical travel writings. In particular, we focus on English documents about Italy, and we compare guidebooks and travel narratives, analysing the semantic categories mostly related to code-mixing. In the future, we plan to investigate how code... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
230_2017 | 2,017 | Francesco Unguendoli, Giampaolo Cristadoro, Marco Beghelli | Applicazione di un metodo attribuzionistico quantitativo alla monodia liturgica medievale | ITA | 3 | 0 | 0 | Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Università di Bologna | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Modena, Reggio Emilia, Bologna | "The article shows how stylometric analysis techniques commonly used in the literary field (based on the distance between vectors of the frequencies of n-grams of letters) can be successfully adapted to the study of single-dimensional musical repertoires" (i.e. melodies without rhythm and accompaniment). The good resul... | The problem of attribution in art, i.e. the identification of the author of a work of adespotal ingenuity, is commonly known for the visual and literary arts (attribution of unarmed paintings and texts). As a philological problem it is no less felt among music historians, often struggling with more or less ancient comp... | "The results presented, with exact percentages of recognition around and over 90%, give the hope that the quantitative method of n-grams can validly apply also to more complex musical compositions, characterized by a greater number of overlapping parts," and that potentially it is also able to help solve problems of at... | 9 | Textual Genres & Literature Linguistics |
231_2017 | 2,017 | Antonio Uva, Valerio Storch, Casimiro Carrino, Ugo Di Iorio, Alessandro Moschitti | Commercial Applications through Community Question Answering Technology | ITA | 5 | 0 | 0 | Università di Trento, Qatar Computing Research Institute, RGI Group | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Alessandro Moschitti | 3 | Valerio Storch, Casimiro Carrino, Ugo Di Iorio | Italy, Qatar | Trento, Milan, Ar-Rayyan | In this paper, we describe our experience on using current methods developed for Community Question Answering (cQA) for a commercial application focused on an Italian help desk. Our approach is based on (i) a search engine to retrieve previously answered question candidates and (ii) kernel methods applied to advanced l... | In recent years, open-domain Question Answering (QA) has been more and more used by large companies, e.g., IBM, Google, Facebook, Microsoft, etc., for their commercial applications. However, medium and smaller enterprises typically cannot invest billions of dollars in achieving the desired QA accuracy: this limits the ... | In this paper, we have described our experience in building a QA model for an Italian help desk in the field of insurance policies. Our main findings are: (i) the Italian NLP technology seems enough accurate to support advanced cQA technology based on syntactic structures; (ii) cQA model can boost the retrieval systems... | 3 | Chatbots and Dialogue Systems |
232_2017 | 2,017 | Malvina Nissim, Paola Pietrandrea | MODAL: A multilingual corpus annotated for modality | ENG | 2 | 2 | 1 | University of Groningen, University of Tours CNRS | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | Malvina Nissim, Paola Pietrandrea | 0 | 0 | Netherlands, France | Groningen, Tours | We have produced a corpus annotated for modality which amounts to approximately 20,000 words in English, French, and Italian. The annotation scheme is based on the notion of \textit {epistemic construction} and virtually language-independent. The annotation is rigorously evaluated by means of a newly developed strategy... | Modality is a pervasive phenomenon crucial to language understanding, analysis, and automatic processing AUTHOR. The creation of modality-annotated data would benefit Natural Language Processing in at least two major aspects: (i) factuality detection, consisting in the automatic distinction between propositions that re... | Modality can be reliably annotated in multiple languages by taking a bottom-up, functional approach paired with a solid annotation scheme, trees to guide the annotators' decisions, and a rigorous evaluation strategy. With this approach, we have produced the first multilingual corpus annotated for modality, which can be... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
233_2017 | 2,017 | Mohammed R. H. Qwaider, Anne-Lyse Minard, Manuela Speranza, Bernardo Magnini | Find Problems before They Find You,with AnnotatorPro's Monitoring Functionalities | ENG | 4 | 2 | 0 | Fondazione Bruno Kessler | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | We present a tool for annotation of linguistic data. AnnotatorPro offers both complete monitoring functionalities (e.g. inter-annotator agreement and agreement with respect to a gold standard) and highly flexible task design (e.g. token and document level annotation, adjudication and reconciliation procedures). We test... | Driven by the popularity of machine learning approaches, there has been in the last years an increasing need to produce human annotated data for a large number of linguistic tasks (e.g. named entity recognition, semantic role labeling, sentiment analysis, word sense disambiguation, and discourse relations, just to ment... | We used ANNOTATOR P RO for multiple projects, on different tasks, including named entity recognition AUTHOR, event detection AUTHOR and sentiment analysis. The tool has been successfully exploited both in situations with few experienced annotators as well as with more than 20 non-expert annotators (i.e. high school stu... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
234_2017 | 2,017 | Alessandra Teresa Cignarella, Cristina Bosco, Viviana Patti | TWITTIRÒ: a Social Media Corpus with a Multi-layered Annotation for Irony | ENG | 3 | 3 | 1 | Università di Torino | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Turin | In this paper we describe our work concerning the application of a multi-layered scheme for the fine-grained annotation of irony AUTHOR on a new Italian social media corpus. In applying the annotation on this corpus containing tweets, i.e. \textsc{twittir\`o}, we outlined both strengths and weaknesses of the scheme whe... | The recognition of irony and the identification of pragmatic and linguistic devices that activate it are known as very challenging tasks to be performed by both humans or automatic tools AUTHOR. Our goal, was to create an annotated Italian corpus through which we could address some issues concerning formalization and a... | The paper describes our work concerning the application of a fine-grained annotation scheme for pragmatic phenomena. In particular, it has been used to annotate the rhetorical device of irony in texts from Twitter. It confirms how this task is challenging, it contributed to shed some light on linguistic phenomena and t... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
235_2017 | 2,017 | Delia Irazù Hernàndez Farìas, Irene Laganà, Viviana Patti, Cristina Bosco | Towards an Italian Lexicon for Polarity Classification (polarITA):,a Comparative Analysis of Lexical Resources for Sentiment Analysis | ENG | 4 | 4 | 1 | Universitat Politècnica de València, Università di Pavia, Università di Torino | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Delia Irazù Hernández Farı́as | 0 | 0 | Italy, Spain | Valencia, Pavia, Turin | The paper describes a preliminary study for the development of a novel lexicon for Italian sentiment analysis, i.e. where words are associated with polarity values. Given the influence of sentiment lexica on the performance of sentiment analysis systems, a methodology based on the detection and classification of errors... | Sentiment Analysis (SA), described as the task of automatically determine the polarity in a given piece of text AUTHOR, is currently among the most widely investigated topics within NLP. Overall, the approaches for addressing such task are mainly based on techniques ranging from traditional machine learning to novel de... | In this paper we propose the preliminary investigation about a methodology for the development of a novel lexical resource for Italian SA, namely polarITA, which takes advantage of the analysis and filtering of errors occurring in the available lexical resources. We carried out a manual analysis of a set of tweets for ... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
236_2017 | 2,017 | Randy Scansani, Marcello Federico, Luisa Bentivogli | Assessing the Use of Terminology in Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation for Academic Course Catalogues Translation | ENG | 3 | 1 | 0 | Università di Bologna, Fondazione Bruno Kessler | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Bologna, Trento | In this contribution we describe an approach to evaluate the use of terminology in a phrase-based machine translation system to translate course unit descriptions from Italian into English.~The genre is very prominent among those requiring translation by universities in European countries where English is not a native ... | Availability of {course unit descriptions or course catalogues} in multiple languages has started to play a key role for universities especially after the Bologna process AUTHOR and the resulting growth in student mobility.~These texts aim at providing students with all the relevant information regarding contents, pre-... | This paper has described a preliminary analysis aimed at assessing the use of in-domain terminology in PBSMT in the institutional academic domain, and more precisely for the translation of course unit descriptions from Italian into English. Following the results of the present experiment and given its preliminary natur... | 10 | Machine Translation |
237_2017 | 2,017 | Franco Alberto Cardillo, Marcello Ferro, Claudia Marzi, Vito Pirrelli | How “deep” is learning word inflection? | ENG | 4 | 1 | 0 | CNR-ILC | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pisa | Machine learning offers two basic strategies for morphology induction: lexical segmentation and surface word relation. The first one assumes that words can be segmented into morphemes. Inducing a novel inflected form requires identification of morphemic constituents and a strategy for their recombination. The second ap... | Morphological induction can be defined as the task of singling out morphological formatives from fully inflected word forms. These formatives are understood to be part of the morphological lexicon, where they are accessed and retrieved, to be recombined and spelled out in word production. The view requires that a word ... | To meaningfully assess the relative computational difficulty of the cell-filling task, we calculated a simple baseline performance, with 695 forms of our original datasets selected for training, and 55 for testing. For this purpose, we used the baseline system for Task 1 of the CoNLL- SIGMORPHON-2017 Universal Morpholo... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
238_2017 | 2,017 | Gianni Barlacchi, Bruno Lepri, Alessandro Moschitti | Predicting Land Use of Italian Cities using Structural Semantic Models | ENG | 3 | 0 | 0 | Università di Trento, TIM, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Qatar Computing Research Institute | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Alessandro Moschitti | 1 | Gianni Barlacchi | Italy, Qatar | Trento, Ar-Rayyan | We propose a hierarchical semantic representation of urban areas extracted from a social network to classify the most predominant land use, which is a very common task in urban computing. We encode geo-social data from Location-Based Social Networks with standard feature vectors and a conceptual tree structure that we ... | The growing availability of data from cities AUTHOR (e.g., traffic flow, human mobility and geographical data) opens new opportunities for predicting and thus optimizing human activities. For example, the automatic analysis of land use enables the possibility of better administrating a city in terms of resources and pr... | "In this paper, we have introduced Geo-Trees, a novel semantic representation based on a hierarchical classification of POIs, to better exploit geo-social data to the classification of the primary land use of an urban area. This is an important task as it gives the urban planners and policy makers the possibility to be... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
239_2017 | 2,017 | Roberto Basili, Silvia Brambilla, Danilo Croce, Fabio Tamburini | Developing a large scale FrameNet for Italian: the IFrameNet experience | ENG | 4 | 1 | 0 | Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Università di Bologna | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Rome, Bologna | This paper presents work in progress for the development of IFrameNet, a large-scale, computationally oriented, lexical resource based on Fillmore’s frame semantics for Italian. For the development of IFrameNet linguistic analysis, corpusprocessing and machine learning techniques are combined in order to support the se... | Firstly developed at the University of Berkeley (California) in 1997, FrameNet adopts theories from Frame Semantics AUTHOR to NLP and explains words’ meanings according to the semantic frames they evoke. It illustrates semantic frames (i.e. schematizations of prototypical events, relations or entities in the reality), ... | In order to evaluate the proposed supervised classification method for the stage “First Lexical Analysis and Validation” we run and experimental evaluation over a set of 3261 frames, the ones with more than 5 lexical units in the initial lexicon. In this way, we selected 1,095 different LUs, represented as an embedding... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
240_2017 | 2,017 | Daniele Bonadiman, Giuseppe Castellucci, Andrea Favalli, Raniero Romagnoli, Alessandro Moschitti | Neural Sentiment Analysis for a Real-World Application | ENG | 5 | 0 | 0 | Università di Trento, Qatar Computing Research Institute, Almawave | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Alessandro Moschitti | 3 | Giuseppe Castellucci, Andrea Favalli, Raniero Romagnoli | Italy, Qatar | Trento, Rome, Ar-Rayyan | In this paper, we describe our neural network models for a commercial application on sentiment analysis. Different from academic work, which is oriented towards complex networks for achieving a marginal improvement, real scenarios require flexible and efficient neural models. The possibility to use the same models on d... | In recent years, Sentiment Analysis (SA) in Twitter has been widely studied. Its popularity has been fed by the remarkable interest of the industrial world on this topic as well as the relatively easy access to data, which, among other, allowed the academic world to promote evaluation campaigns, e.g., AUTHOR, for diffe... | In this paper, we have studied state-of-the-art neural networks for the Sentiment Analysis of Twitter text associated with a real application scenario. We modified the network architecture by applying a recurrent pooling layer enabling the learning of longer dependencies between words in tweets. The recurrent pooling l... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
241_2018 | 2,018 | Fritz Günther, Marco Marelli | The language-invariant aspect of compounding: Predicting compound meanings across languages | ENG | 2 | 0 | 0 | Università di Milano Bicocca | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Milan | In the present study, we invesEnglish. In the present study, we investigated to what extent compounding involves general-level cognitive abilities related to conceptual combination. If that was the case, the compounding mechanism should be largely invariant across different languages. Under this assumption, a compositi... | Compounds are complex words such as airport, with two constituents that can be used as free words. Compounding is a highly prevalent phenomenon across many languages. It has been argued to be a proto-linguistic structure to combine simple words into novel and complex concepts, from which more complex compositional lang... | Our results show that a compositional model trained in one language exclusively (English) can be applied to another language (German) to partially predict the meanings of compounds in the latter, of which the model had no training experience at all. Obviously, the model trained on English compounds predicted English co... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
242_2018 | 2,018 | Pietro Totis, Manfred Stede | Classifying Italian newspaper text: news or editorial? | ENG | 2 | 0 | 0 | Università di Udine, University of Potsdam | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Manfred Stede | 0 | 0 | Italy, Germany | Udine, Potsdam | We present a text classifier that English. We present a text classifier that can distinguish Italian news stories from editorials. Inspired by earlier work on pus and implemented a range of features, which can predict the distinction with an accuracy of 89,12%. As demonstrated by the earlier work, such a feature-based ap... | The computational task of text classification is typically targeting the question of domain: Is a text about sports, the economy, local politics, etc. But texts can also be grouped by their genre: Is it a business letter, a personal homepage, a cooking recipe, and so on. In this paper, we perform genre classification on ... | We presented, to our knowledge, the first classifier that is able to distinguish ‘news’ from ‘editorials’ in an Italian newspaper corpus. It follows a linguistic feature-oriented approach proposed by (Kr¨uger et al., 2017) for English, who had demonstrated that it outperforms lexical and POS-based models. In our implemen... | 9 | Textual Genres & Literature Linguistics |
243_2018 | 2,018 | Laura Aina, Raffaella Bernardi, Raquel Fernández | A Distributional Study of Negated Adjectives and Antonyms | ENG | 3 | 3 | 1 | Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Università di Trento, VU Amsterdam | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | Laura Aina, Raquel Fernández | 0 | 0 | Spain, Italy, Netherlands | Barcelona, Trento, Amsterdam | In this paper, we investigate the relation between negated adjectives and antonyms in English using Distributional Semantics methods. Results show that, on the basis of contexts of use, a negated adjective (e.g., not cold) is typically more similar to the adjective itself (cold) than to its antonym (hot); such effect i... | Negation has long represented a challenge for theoretical and computational linguists (see Horn (1989) and Morante and Sporleder (2012) for overviews): in spite of the relative simplicity of logical negation (¬p is true ↔p is false), complexity arises when negation interacts with morphosyntax, semantics and pragmatics.... | We have investigated negated adjectives using the tools of Distributional Semantics, which allows us to quantify the similarities between expressions on the basis of how they are used. Our analyses show that, when considering contexts of occurrence, negating an adjective does not make it closer to the antonym than to t... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
244_2018 | 2,018 | Fabio Celli, Bruno Lepri | Is Big Five better than MBTI? A personality computing challenge using Twitter data | ENG | 2 | 0 | 0 | Fondazione Bruno Kessler | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | Personality Computing from text has become popular in Natural Language Processing (NLP). For assessing gold-standard personality types, Big5 and MBTI are two popular models but still there is no comparison of the two in personality computing. With this paper, we provide for the first time a comparison of the two models ... | The last decade has been characterized by the rise of personality computing in Natural Language Processing (NLP) (Vinciarelli and Mohammadi, 2014): for example, several works have dealt with the automatic prediction of personality traits of authors from different pieces of text they wrote in emails, blogs or social med... | Conclusion Conclusion In this paper we provide for the first time a comparison of Big Five and MBTI from a personality computing perspective. To do so we use two multilingual Twitter datasets, one annotated with Big Five classes and one with MBTI classes. For the first time, we provide an evidence that algorithms trained... | 9 | Textual Genres & Literature Linguistics |
245_2018 | 2,018 | Cristiano Chesi | An efficient Trie for binding (and movement) | ENG | 1 | 0 | 0 | IUSS | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pavia | Non-local dependencies conEnglish. Non-local dependencies connecting distant structural chunks are often modeled using (LIFO) memory buffers (see Chesi 2012 for a review). Other solutions (e.g. slash features in HPSG, Pollard & Sag 1994) are not directly usable both in parsing and in generation algorithms without under... | Relations among structural chunks in a sentence are not always resolvable using strictly local dependencies. This is the case of argumental wh items in languages like English (or Italian), where the argument and the predicate can be arbitrarily distant, (1).a. Another case of non-local dependency is pronominal corefere... | In this paper, I presented a revision of the memory buffer used for parsing and generation in PMGs: instead of using a classic LIFO memory, proved to be sufficient to capture locality effects (Friedmann et al. 2009) when “similar” NPs are processed (Warren & Gibson 2005, Chesi 2017), but not fully plausible from a psyc... | 4 | Syntax and Dependency Treebanks |
246_2018 | 2,018 | Maria De Martino, Azzurra Mancuso, Alessandro Laudanna | Grammatical Class Effects in Production of Italian Inflected Verbs | ENG | 3 | 2 | 1 | Università di Salerno | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Salerno | We report a picture-word interference (PWI) experiment conducted in Italian where target verbs were used to name pictures in presence of semantically related and unrelated distracters. The congruency of grammatical class between targets and distracters was manipulated and nouns and verbs were used as distracters. Consi... | Models of lexical access share the assumption that different kinds of linguistic information (semantic, orthographic-phonological, syntacticgrammatical, and so on) have different levels of lexical representation (Caramazza, 1997; Levelt, Roelofs and Meyer, 1999; Dell, 1986). The picture-word interference (PWI) paradigm... | One of the aim of the present experiment was to overcome some limitations of previous investigations. The following constraints were adopted: 1. We contrasted the production of verbs when presented with semantically related and unrelated distracters: the expected semantic interference effect guaranteed for the reliabil... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
247_2018 | 2,018 | Samuel Louvan, Bernardo Magnini | From General to Specific: Leveraging Named Entity Recognition for Slot Filling in Conversational Language Understanding | ENG | 3 | 0 | 0 | Università di Trento, Fondazione Bruno Kessler | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | Slot filling techniques are often English. Slot filling techniques are often adopted in language understanding components for task-oriented dialogue systems. In recent approaches, neural models for slot filling are trained on domainspecific datasets, making it difficult porting to similar domains when few or no training dat... | In dialogue systems, semantic information of an utterance is generally represented with a semantic frame, a data structure consisting of a domain, an intent, and a number of slots (Tur, 2011). For example, given the utterance “I’d like a United Airlines flight on Wednesday from San Francisco to Boston”, the domain would... | In this work we train a slot filling domain-specific model adding NER information, under the assumption that NER introduces useful “general” labels, and that it is cheaper to obtain compared to task specific slot filling datasets. We use multitask learning to leverage the learned knowledge from NER to slot filling task. Our... | 3 | Chatbots and Dialogue Systems |
248_2018 | 2,018 | Francesco Mambrini | The iDAI.publication: extracting and linking information in the publications of the German Archaeological Institute (DAI) | ENG | 1 | 0 | 0 | Deutsches Archaologisches Institut | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Francesco Mambrini | 0 | 0 | Germany | Berlin | We present the results of our atEnglish. We present the results of our attempt to use NLP tools in order to identify named entities in the publications of the Deutsches Arch¨aologisches Institute (DAI) and link the identified locations to entries in the iDAI.gazetteer. Our case study focuses on articles written in Germa... | The iDAI.publications and the iDAI.world The Deutsches Arch¨aologisches Institute (German Archaeological Institute, henceforth DAI) is a German agency operating within the sphere of responsibility of the federal Foreign Office; the goal of the institue is to promote research in archaeological sciences and on ancient civ... | The use of in-domain CRF models trained specifically for the target journal and adopting a specialized gazetteer for place names improves on the baseline of the out-of-the-box NER tools in our initial pipeline. It is likely that the accuracy on the Chiron data can be further increased with additional training. Given th... | 5 | Latin Resources |
249_2018 | 2,018 | Agata Rotondi, Angelo Di Iorio, Freddy Limpens | Identifying Citation Contexts: a Review of Strategies and Goals. | ENG | 3 | 1 | 1 | Università di Bologna | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Bologna | The Citation Contexts of a cited English. The Citation Contexts of a cited entity can be seen as little tesserae that, fit together, can be exploited to follow the opinion of the scientific community towards that entity as well as to summarize its most important contents. This mosaic is an excellent resource of informati... | Researchers consider as Citation Context (CC) different snippets of text around a citation marker. These differences of width influence the applications that exploit CC as source of information. For example, Qazvinian and Radev (2010) showed that using also implicit citations (i.e. sentences that contain information abo... | We have reviewed what we consider the most interesting works about CC identification in order to provide a solid background to anyone interested in the topic and especially to those researchers who are facing the task of identifying the best approach for their studies. We did not compare the different strategies with th... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
250_2018 | 2,018 | Oronzo Antonelli, Fabio Tamburini | Parsing Italian texts together is better than parsing them alone! | ENG | 2 | 0 | 0 | Università di Bologna | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Bologna | In this paper we present a work English. In this paper we present a work aimed at testing the most advanced, stateof-the-art syntactic parsers based on deep neural networks (DNN) on Italian. We made a set of experiments by using the Universal Dependencies benchmarks and propose a new solution based on ensemble systems ... | Syntactic parsing of morphologically rich languages like Italian often poses a number of hard challenges. Various works applied different kinds of freely available parsers on Italian training them using different resources and different methods for comparing their results (Lavelli, 2014; Alicante et al., 2015; Lavelli,... | We have studied the performances of some neural dependency parsers on generic and social media domain. Using the predictions of each single parser we combined the best outcomes to improve the performance in various ways. The ensemble models are more efficient on corpora built using in-domain data (social media), giving ... | 4 | Syntax and Dependency Treebanks |
251_2018 | 2,018 | Flavio Cecchini, Marco Carlo Passarotti, Paolo Ruffolo, Marinella Testori, Lia Draetta, Martina Fieromonte, Annarita Liano, Costanza Marini, Giovanni Piantanida | Enhancing the Latin Morphological Analyser LEMLAT with a Medieval Latin Glossary | ENG | 9 | 5 | 0 | Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Milan | We present the process of expanding the lexical basis of the Latin morphological analyser LEMLAT with the entries from the Medieval Latin glossary Du Cange. This process is performed semiautomatically by exploiting the morphological properties of lemmas, a previously available word list enhanced with inflectional inform... | Introduction Introduction Latin raises particular challenges for Natural Language Processing (NLP). Given that accuracy rates of stochastic NLP tools heavily depend on the training set on which their models are built, this becomes a particularly problematic issue when Latin is concerned, because Latin texts show an eno... | In this paper we present the rule-based process performed to semi-automatically enhance the Latin morphological analyser LEMLAT with the Du Cange glossary. While dated, such an approach is still necessary if the intent is to minimise the error rate resulting from the automatic PoStagging of the glossary’s definitions an... | 5 | Latin Resources |
252_2018 | 2,018 | Anna Feltracco, Bernardo Magnini, Elisabetta Jezek | Lexical Opposition in Discourse Contrast | ENG | 3 | 2 | 1 | Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Università di Pavia | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento, Pavia | We investigate the connection between lexical opposition and discourse relations, with a focus on the relation of contrast, in order to evaluate whether opposition participates in discourse relations.1 Through a corpus-based analysis of Italian documents, we show that the relation between opposition and contrast is not... | This paper focuses on lexical opposition and discourse contrast. We define opposition as the relation between two lexical units that contrast with each other with respect to one key aspect of their meaning and that are similar for all the other aspects (e.g. to increase / to decrease, up / down). On the other end, we co... | Through the annotation of opposites in the arguments of contrast relations in Contrast-Ita Bank, we aim at providing new insights over the role of opposition in discourse contrast. Overall, we register 23 cases of opposition over 372 contrast relations in our dataset. This number is not high and one we can expect the n... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
253_2018 | 2,018 | Rachele Sprugnoli, Sara Tonelli, Alessio Palmero Aprosio, Giovanni Moretti | Analysing the Evolution of Students’ Writing Skills and the Impact of Neo-standard Italian with the help of Computational Linguistics | ENG | 4 | 2 | 1 | Fondazione Bruno Kessler | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | We present a project aimed at English. We present a project aimed at studying the evolution of students’ writing skills in a temporal span of 15 years (from 2001 to 2016), analysing in particular the impact of neo-standard Italian. More than 2,500 essays have been transcribed and annotated by teachers according to 28 d... | In this work, we present an extensive study on the evolution of high-school students’ writing skills, taking into account essays spanning 15 years (from 2001 to 2016). In particular, we are interested in tracking the presence of expressions and constructions typical of neo-standard Italian (Berruto, 2012), in the light... | In this work, we have presented a project aimed at tracking the evolution of students’ writing skills over time. The goal of this work was not only to introduce the corpus collection and annotation activities, but also to show how this kind of projects can benefit from NLP by speeding up annotation and increasing data c... | 8 | Learner Corpora and Language Acquisition |
254_2018 | 2,018 | Michele Ferro, Fabio Tamburini | A new Pitch Tracking Smoother based on Deep Neural Networks | ENG | 2 | 0 | 0 | Università di Bologna | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Bologna | This paper presents a new pitch English. This paper presents a new pitch tracking smoother based on deep neural networks (DNN). The proposed system has been extensively tested using two reference benchmarks for English and exhibited very good performances in correcting pitch detection algorithms outputs. | Introduction Introduction The pitch, and in particular the fundamental frequency F0 which represents its physical counterpart, is one of the most relevant perceptual parameters of the spoken language and one of the fundamental phenomena to be carefully considered when analysing linguistic data at a phonetic and phonolo... | This paper presented a new pitch smoother based on deep neural networks that obtained excellent results when evaluated using standard benchmarks for English and evaluation metrics proposed in the literature. Future works could regard the intermixing of various corpora in different languages in order to test the possibi... | 13 | Multimodal |
255_2018 | 2,018 | Luca Dini, Paolo Curtoni, Elena Melnikova | Integrating Terminology Extraction and Word Embedding for Unsupervised Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis | ENG | 3 | 1 | 0 | Innoradiant | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | Luca Dini, Paolo Curtoni, Elena Melnikova | 3 | Luca Dini, Paolo Curtoni, Elena Melnikova | France | Grenoble | In this paper we explore the adEnglish. In this paper we explore the advantages that unsupervised terminology extraction can bring to unsupervised Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis methods based on word embedding expansion techniques. We prove that the gain in terms of F-measure is in the order of 3%. | The goal of this paper is to bring a contribution on the advantage of exploiting terminology extraction systems coupled with word embedding techniques. The experimentation is based on the corpus of Semeval 2016. In a previous work, summarized in section 4, we reported the results of a system for Aspect Based Sentiment ... | Many improvements can be conceived to the method presented here, especially concerning the computation of the vector associated to the opinionated windows, both in terms of size, directionality and consideration of finer grained features (e.g. indicators of a switch of topic). However our future investigation will rath... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
256_2018 | 2,018 | Nadezda Okinina, Lionel Nicolas | Towards SMT-Assisted Error Annotation of Learner Corpora | ENG | 2 | 1 | 1 | EURAC | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Bolzano | We present the results of protoEnglish. We present the results of prototypical experiments conducted with the goal of designing a machine translation (MT) based system that assists the annotators of learner corpora in performing orthographic error annotation. When an annotator marks a span of text as erroneous, the sys... | Manual error annotation of learner corpora is a time-consuming process which is often a bottleneck in learner corpora research. “Computer learner corpora are electronic collections of authentic FL/SL textual data assembled according to explicit design criteria for a particular SLA/FLT1 purpose. They are encoded in a st... | Our preliminary experiments brought us to the conclusion that a SMT system trained on a manually annotated part of a learner corpus can be helpful in error-tagging the remaining part of the same learner corpus: it is possible to train a system that would propose the right correction for half of the orthographic errors ... | 8 | Learner Corpora and Language Acquisition |
257_2018 | 2,018 | Jacobo Gobbi, Eugeny A. Stepanov, Giuseppe Riccardi | Concept Tagging for Natural Language Understanding: Two Decadelong Algorithm Development | ENG | 3 | 1 | 0 | Università di Trento, VUI Inc. | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Eugeny A. Stepanov | Italy | Trento | Concept tagging is a type of structured learning needed for natural language understanding (NLU) systems. In this task, meaning labels from a domain ontology are assigned to word sequences. In this paper, we review the algorithms developed over the last twenty five years. We perform a comparative evaluation of generativ... | Introduction Introduction The NLU component of a conversational system requires an automatic extraction of concept tags, dialogue acts, domain labels and entities. In this paper we describe and review the algorithm development of the concept tagging (a.k.a. slot filling or entity extraction) task. It aims at computing a... | One of the main outcomes of our experiments is that sequence-level optimization is key to achieve the best performance. Moreover, augmenting any neural architecture with a CRF layer on top has a very low cost in terms of parameters and a very good return in terms of performance. Our best performing models (in terms of ... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
258_2018 | 2,018 | Andrea Nadalini, Marco Marelli, Roberto Bottini, Davide Crepaldi | Local Associations and Semantic Ties in Overt and Masked Semantic Priming | ENG | 4 | 0 | 0 | SISSA, Università di Milano Bicocca, CIMEC | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trieste, Milan, Trento | Distributional semantic models English. Distributional semantic models (DSM) are widely used in psycholinguistic research to automatically assess the degree of semantic relatedness between words. Model estimates strongly correlate with human similarity judgements and offer a tool to successfully predict a wide range of... | Over the past two decades, computational semantics has made a lot of progress in the strive for developing techniques that are able to provide human-like estimates of the semantic relatedness between lexical items. Distributional Semantic Models (DSM; Baroni and Lenci, 2010) assume that it is possible to represent lexi... | Thanks to the help of computational methods, we provided new insights on the nature of the processing that supports semantic priming. Overall, effects seem to be primarily driven by local word associations as tracked by Pointwise Mutual Information—when semantic priming emerged, PMI effects were consistently stronger a... | 22 | Distributional Semantics |
259_2018 | 2,018 | Greta Franzini, Marco Carlo Passarotti, Maria Moritz, Marco Buechler | Using and evaluating TRACER for an Index fontium computatus of the Summa contra Gentiles of Thomas Aquinas | ENG | 4 | 2 | 1 | Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | Maria Moritz, Marco Buchler | 0 | 0 | Italy, Germany | Milan, Gottingen | This article describes a computaEnglish. This article describes a computational text reuse study on Latin texts designed to evaluate the performance of TRACER, a language-agnostic text reuse detection engine. As a case study, we use the Index Thomisticus as a gold standard to measure the performance of the tool in iden... | Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) was a prolific medieval author from Italy: his 118 works, known as the Corpus Thomisticum, amount to 8,767,883 words (Portalupi, 1994, p. 583) and discuss a variety of topics, ranging from metaphysical to legal, political and moral theory (Kretzmann and Stump, 1993). The web of references to b... | This article describes a computational text reuse study on Latin texts designed to evaluate the performance of TRACER, a language-agnostic IR text reuse detection engine. The results obtained were manually evaluated against a gold standard and are contributing to the creation of an Index fontium computatus to both asse... | 5 | Latin Resources |
260_2018 | 2,018 | Matteo Pellegrini, Marco Carlo Passarotti | LatInfLexi: an Inflected Lexicon of Latin Verbs | ENG | 2 | 0 | 0 | Università di Bergamo, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Bergamo, Milan | We present a paradigm-based inEnglish. We present a paradigm-based inflected lexicon of Latin verbs built to provide empirical evidence supporting an entropybased estimation of the degree of uncertainty in inflectional paradigms. The lexicon contains information on the inflected forms that occupy the 254 morphologicall... | In this paper, we describe the construction of LatInfLexi, an inflected lexicon of Latin verbs organized in lexemes1 and paradigm cells. In morphological theory, there is a recent trend towards a more realistic modelling of complex inflectional systems: for instance, Ackerman et al. (2009) and Bonami and Boyé (2014) pr... | We described the design and building of a lexeme-based inflected lexicon consisting of 850,392 paradigm cells of 3,348 Latin verbs. Our first objective in the near future is to make the resource complete in terms of lexical coverage, including the lexemes of the other PoS. The lexicon is available for download as a .cs... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
261_2018 | 2,018 | Alessandro Bondielli, Lucia C. Passaro, Alessandro Lenci | CoreNLP-it: A UD Pipeline for Italian based on Stanford CoreNLP | ENG | 3 | 1 | 0 | Università di Firenze, Università di Pisa | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Florence, Pisa | This paper describes a collection of modules for Italian language processing based on CoreNLP and Universal Dependencies (UD). The software will be freely available for download under the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL). Given the flexibility of the framework, it is easily adaptable to new languages provided with a... | The fast-growing research field of Text Mining and Natural Language Processing (NLP) has shown important advancements in recent years. NLP tools that provide basic linguistic annotation of raw texts are a crucial building block for further research and applications. Most of these tools, like NLTK (Bird et al., 2009) and... | In this paper, we presented CoreNLP-it, a set of add-on modules for the Stanford CoreNLP language toolkit. Our system provides basic language annotations such as sentence splitting, tokenization, PoS tagging, lemmatization and dependency parsing, and can provide a UD-compliant output. Our rule based and statistical mod... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
262_2018 | 2,018 | Federico Sangati, Ekaterina Abramova, Johanna Monti | DialettiBot: a Telegram Bot for Crowdsourcing Recordings of Italian Dialects | ENG | 3 | 2 | 0 | Università di Napoli L'Orientale, Nijmegen University | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Ekaterina Abramova | 0 | 0 | Italy, Netherlands | Naples, Nijmegen | In this paper we describe DialetEnglish. In this paper we describe DialettiBot, a Telegram based chatbot for crowdsourcing geo-referenced voice recordings of Italian dialects. The system enables people to listen to previously recorded audio and encourages them to contribute to building a collective linguistic resource ... | It is commonly known that Italy has an abundance of different dialects, such as Florentine, Venetian, and Neapolitan. These dialects are not only characterized by simple phonetic variation as it is usually meant by this term, but they are proper Romance languages, with a fully developed grammar and lexicon. As Repetti ... | We have presented DialettiBot, a chatbot system based on Telegram for crowdsourcing georeferenced recordings of Italian dialects. 17https://leafletjs.com 18As of 31st of September 2018. 19Created via https://mapmakerapp.com. Figure 3: Frequency of approved recordings collected over time. Figure 4: Heat map of the approv... | 3 | Chatbots and Dialogue Systems |
263_2018 | 2,018 | Rachele Sprugnoli | Arretium or Arezzo? A Neural Approach to the Identification of Place Names in Historical Texts | ENG | 1 | 1 | 1 | Fondazione Bruno Kessler | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | This paper presents the applicaEnglish. This paper presents the application of a neural architecture to the identification of place names in English historical texts. We test the impact of different word embeddings and we compare the results to the ones obtained with the Stanford NER module of CoreNLP before and after t... | Named Entity Recognition (NER), that is the automatic identification and classification of proper names in texts, is one of the main tasks of Natural Language Processing (NLP), having a long tradition started in 1996 with the first major event dedicated to it, i.e. the Sixth Message Understanding Conference (MUC-6) (Grish... | Conclusions and Future Works Conclusions and Future Works In this paper we presented the application of a neural architecture to the automatic identification of place names in historical texts. We chose to work on an under-investigated text genre, namely travel writings, that presents a set of specific linguistic feature... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
264_2018 | 2,018 | Lionel Nicolas, Verena Lyding, Luisa Bentivogli, Federico Sangati, Johanna Monti, Irene Russo, Roberto Gretter, Daniele Falavigna | EnetCollect in Italy | ENG | 8 | 4 | 0 | EURAC, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Università di Napoli L'Orientale | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Bolzano, Trento, Naples | In this paper, we present the enetCollect1 COST Action, a large network project, which aims at initiating a new Research and Innovation (R&I) trend on combining the well-established domain of language learning with recent and successful crowdsourcing approaches. We introduce its objectives, and describe its organizatio... | In this paper, we present the COST network enetCollect that aims at kick-starting an R&I trend for combining language learning with crowdsourcing techniques in order to unlock a crowdsourcing potential for all languages, consisting in learning and teaching activities. This potential will be used to mass-produce languag... | We presented enetCollect, outlined its key aspects and introduced both its Italian members and their research interests. By harnessing even a fragment of the crowdsourcing potential existing for all languages taught worldwide, enetCollect could trigger changes of noticeable impact for language learning and language-rel... | 8 | Learner Corpora and Language Acquisition |
265_2018 | 2,018 | Gloria Gagliardi | Inter-Annotator Agreement in linguistica: una rassegna critica | ITA | 1 | 1 | 1 | Università di Bologna | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Bologna | Agreement indexes are widely used in English. Agreement indexes are widely used in Computational Linguistics and NLP to assess the reliability of annotation tasks. The paper aims at reviewing the literature on the topic, illustrating chance-corrected coefficients and their interpretation. | The construction of linguistic resources, and more generally the annotation of data, implies the formulation of subjective judgments. The need to determine to what extent such judgments are reliable and reproducible has become increasingly important, to the point of making validation procedures a consolidated practice.... | As suggested in the initial paragraphs, a high level of I.A.A. does not constitute an end in itself, but only one of the indicators of the actual reliability of the annotation undergoing validation. It is therefore desirable that an increasing amount of data on I.A.A. for different annotation tasks be shared by researc... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
266_2018 | 2,018 | Tommaso Caselli | Italian Event Detection Goes Deep Learning | ENG | 1 | 0 | 0 | University of Groningen | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Tommaso Caselli | 0 | 0 | Netherlands | Groningen | This paper reports on a set of English. This paper reports on a set of experiments with different word embeddings to initialize a state-of-the-art BiLSTM-CRF network for event detection and classification in Italian, following the EVENTI evaluation exercise. The network obtains a new state-of-the-art result by improving... | Current societies are exposed to a continuous flow of information that results in a large production of data (e.g. news articles, micro-blogs, social media posts, among others), at different moments in time. In addition to this, the consumption of information has dramatically changed: more and more people directly acces... | This paper has investigated the application of different word embeddings for the initialization of a state-of-the-art Bi-LSTM-CRF network to 14Note that POS are manually tagged for events, not for their components. solve the event detection and classification task in Italian, according to the EVENTI exercise. We obtaine... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
267_2018 | 2,018 | Gloria Comandini, Manuela Speranza, Bernardo Magnini | Effective Communication without Verbs? Sure! Identification of Nominal Utterances in Italian Social Media Texts | ENG | 3 | 2 | 1 | Università di Trento, Fondazione Bruno Kessler | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | Nominal utterances are very freEnglish. Nominal utterances are very frequent, especially in social media texts, and play a crucial role as they are very dense from a semantic point of view. In spite of this, their automatic identification has received little to no attention. We have thus developed a framework for the an... | Syntactic declarative constructions built around a non-verbal head (as in, for example, “What a nice movie!”) are very common linguistic phenomena in many Indo-European, Slavic and Semitic languages (such as Latin, Hebrew, Arabic, Russian, Ugric and Bantu languages (Benveniste, 1990; Simone, 2013). Not all of these nom... | This work shows how common NUs are in written informal language, as well as how important they are in conveying semantically dense concepts in emphatic informative peaks, which could be useful for many NLP fields (e.g., argumentation mining and aspect-based sentiment analysis). By creating COSMIANU, an Italian corpus an... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
268_2018 | 2,018 | Alessandra Cervone, Enrico Gambi, Giuliano Tortoreto, Evgeny Stepanov, Giuseppe Riccardi | Automatically Predicting User Ratings for Conversational Systems | ENG | 5 | 2 | 1 | Università di Trento, VUI Inc. | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Eugeny A. Stepanov | Italy | Trento | Automatic evaluation models for open-domain conversational agents either correlate poorly with human judgment or require expensive annotations on top of conversation scores. In this work we investigate the feasibility of learning evaluation models without relying on any further annotations besides conversationlevel hum... | Introduction Introduction We are currently witnessing a proliferation of conversational agents in both industry and academia. Nevertheless, core questions regarding this technology remain to be addressed or analysed in greater depth. This work focuses on one such question: can we automatically predict user ratings of a... | In this work we experimented with a set of automatically extractable black-box features which correlate with the human perception of the quality of interactions with a conversational agent. Furthermore, we showed how these features can be combined to train automatic non-task-based dialogue evaluation models which corre... | 3 | Chatbots and Dialogue Systems |
269_2018 | 2,018 | Francesco Cutugno, Felice Dell'Orletta, Isabella Poggi, Renata Savy, Antonio Sorgente | The CHROME Manifesto: Integrating Multimodal Data into Cultural Heritage Resources | ENG | 5 | 2 | 0 | Università di Napoli Federico II, CNR-ILC, Università Roma Tre, Università di Salerno, CNR-ISASI | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Naples, Pisa, Rome, Salerno | The CHROME Project aims at English. The CHROME Project aims at collecting a wide portfolio of digital resources oriented to technological application in Cultural Heritage (henceforth CH). The contributions for the realisation of such objective come from the efforts of computer scientists, psychologists, architects, and... | Introduction Introduction The CHROME project was born with the intention of creating a framework and methodology to collect, represent and analyze cultural heritage contents and present them through artificial agents whose behavior is inspired by accurate analysis of expert guides, museum curators and tour operators. T... | CHROME aims at formalizing data collection and annotation paradigms for architectural heritage, in particular the annotation regards texts, video, audio and gestures. From the annotated data, we will: i) perform correlation analysis to identify cross-domain patterns and link them to communicative goals; ii) describe ho... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
270_2018 | 2,018 | Johanna Monti, Silvio Ricardo Cordeiro, Carlos Ramisch, Federico Sangati, Agata Savary, Veronika Vincze | Advances in Multiword Expression Identification for the Italian language: The PARSEME shared task edition 1.1 | ENG | 6 | 3 | 1 | Università di Napoli L'Orientale, Aix-Marseille Université, University of Tours, MTA-SZTE Research Group on Artificial Intelligence | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | Silvio Ricardo Cordeiro, Carlos Ramisch, Veronika Vincze | 0 | 0 | Italy, France, Hungary | Naples, Aix-Marseille, Tours, Szeged | This contribution describes the results of the second edition of the shared task on automatic identification of verbal multiword expressions, organized as part of the LAW-MWE-CxG 2018 workshop, co-located with COLING 2018, concerning both the PARSEME-IT corpus and the systems that took part in the task for the Italian l... | Multiword expressions (MWEs) are a particularly challenging linguistic phenomenon to be handled by NLP tools. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in MWEs since the possible improvements of their computational treatment may help overcome one of the main shortcomings of many NLP applications, from Text Ana... | Having presented the results of the PARSEME shared task edition 1.1, the paper described the advances achieved in this last edition in comparison with the previous one, but also highlighted that there is room for further improvements. We are working on some critical areas which emerged during the annotation task in par... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
271_2018 | 2,018 | Ilaria Ghezzi, Cristina Bosco, Alessandro Mazzei | Auxiliary selection in Italian intransitive verbs: a computational investigation based on annotated corpora | ENG | 3 | 2 | 1 | Università di Torino | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Turin | The purpose of this paper is the analysis of the auxiliary selection in intransitive verbs in Italian. The applied methodology consists in comparing the linguistic theory with the data extracted from two different annotated corpora: UD-IT and PoSTWITA-UD. The analyzed verbs have been classified in different semantic cat... | In this work we have applied a corpus-based approach to the investigation of the behavior of Italian intransitive verbs for what concerns the selection of the auxiliary verb. We considered two corpora, namely UD-IT1 and PoSTWITA-UD (Sanguinetti et al., 2018), annotated following the 1http://universaldependencies.org/it... | The paper presents a study about the auxiliary selection in intransitive verbs in Italian. Providing that the qualitative description given by traditional grammars does not allow the definition of a formal model for the auxiliary selection, we considered a study (Sorace, 2000) that classifies the intransitive verbs takin... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
272_2018 | 2,018 | Daniela Trotta, Teresa Albanese, Michele Stingo, Raffaele Guarasci, Annibale Elia | Multi-Word Expressions in spoken language: PoliSdict | ENG | 5 | 2 | 1 | Università di Salerno, Network Contacts, CNR-ICAR | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Michele Stingo | Italy | Salerno, Molfetta, Cosenza | The term multiword expressions (MWEs) is referred-to a group of words with a unitary meaning, not inferred from that of the words that compose it, both in current use and in technical-specialized languages. In this paper, we describe PoliSdict an Italian electronic dictionary composed of multi-word expressions (MWEs) a... | The term multi-word expressions (MWEs) includes a wide range of constructions such as noun compounds, adverbials, binomials, verb particles constructions, collocations, and idioms (Vietri, 2014). D'Agostino & Elia (1998) consider MWUs part of a continuum in which combinations can vary from a high degree of variability ... | In this work we described the initial steps for the development and formalization of PoliSdict, an electronic dictionary of spoken language MWEs. We illustrated the methdology used to build the resource and the preliminary results that we obtained from a systematic analysis. For what is related to future research we co... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
273_2018 | 2,018 | Amirhossein Tebbifakhr, Ruchit Agrawal, Matteo Negri, Marco Turchi | Multi-source Transformer for Automatic Post-Editing | ENG | 4 | 0 | 0 | Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Università di Trento | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | Recent approaches to the Automatic Post-editing (APE) of Machine Translation (MT) have shown that best results are obtained by neural multi-source models that correct the raw MT output by also considering information from the corresponding source sentence. In this paper, we pursue this objective by exploiting, for the ... | Introduction Introduction Automatic post-editing (APE) (Simard et al., 2007b; Simard et al., 2007a; Simard et al., 2009) is the task of fixing errors in a machine-translated text by learning from human corrections. It has shown to be useful for various tasks like domain adaptation (Isabelle et al., 2007) and for reducin... | Conclusion Conclusion We developed and used a multi-source Transformer architecture for neural Automatic Postediting. In contrast to the current state-of-the-art systems for APE, which are based on RNN architectures that typically comprise multiple components, we used a single model which can be trained in an end-to-en... | 10 | Machine Translation |
274_2018 | 2,018 | Elena Cabrio, Serena Villata | The SEEMPAD Dataset for Emphatic and Persuasive Argumentation | ENG | 2 | 2 | 1 | Université Cote d'Azur | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | Elena Cabrio, Serena Villata | 0 | 0 | France | Nice | Emotions play an important role English. Emotions play an important role in argumentation as humans mix rational and emotional attitudes when they argue with each other to take decisions. The SEEMPAD project aims at investigating the role of emotions in human argumentation. In this paper, we present a resource resultin... | Argumentation in Artificial Intelligence (AI) is defined as a formal framework to support decision making (Rahwan and Simari, 2009; Atkinson et al., 2017). In this context, argumentation is used to achieve the so called critical thinking. However, humans are proved to behave differently as they mix rational and emotional... | This paper presented the SEEMPAD resource for empathic and persuasive argumentation. These datasets have been built on the data resulting from two field experiments on humans to assess the impact of emotions during the argumentation in online debates. Several Natural Language Processing tasks can be can be thought on th... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
275_2018 | 2,018 | Pietro dell’Oglio, Dominique Brunato, Felice Dell'Orletta | Lexicon and Syntax: Complexity across Genres and Language Varieties | ENG | 3 | 1 | 0 | Università di Pisa, CNR-ILC | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pisa | This paper presents first results English. This paper presents first results of an ongoing work to investigate the interplay between lexical complexity and syntactic complexity with respect to nominal lexicon and how it is affected by textual genre and level of linguistic complexity within genre. A cross-genre analysis i... | Linguistic complexity is a multifaceted notion which has been addressed from different perspectives. One established dichotomy distinguishes a “global” vs a “local” perspective, where the former considers the complexity of the language as a whole and the latter focuses on complexity within each sub-domains, i.e. phonol... | While language complexity is a central topic in linguistic and computational linguistics research, it is typically addressed from a local perspective, where each subdomain is investigated in isolation. In this preliminary work, we have defined a method to study the interplay between lexical and syntactic complexity rest... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
276_2018 | 2,018 | Flavio Merenda, Claudia Zaghi, Tommaso Caselli, Malvina Nissim | Source-driven Representations for Hate Speech Detection | ENG | 4 | 2 | 0 | University of Groningen, Università di Salerno | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | Flavio Merenda, Claudia Zaghi, Tommaso Caselli, Malvina Nissim | 0 | 0 | Netherlands, Italy | Groningen, Salerno | Sources, in the form of selected English. Sources, in the form of selected Facebook pages, can be used as indicators of hate-rich content. Polarized distributed representations created over such content prove superior to generic embeddings in the task of hate speech detection. The same content seems to carry a too weak... | Hate speech is “the use of aggressive, hatred or offensive language, targeting a specific group of people sharing a common trait: their gender, ethnic group, race, religion, sexual orientation, or disability” (Merriam-Webster’s collegiate dictionary, 1999). The phenomenon is widely spread on-line, and Italian Social Med... | We exploited distant supervision to automatically obtain representations from Facebook-scraped content in two forms. First, we generated polarized, hate-rich distributed representations which proved superior to larger, generic embeddings when used both in a CNN and an SVM model for hate speech detection. Second, we use... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
277_2018 | 2,018 | Andrea Cimino, Felice Dell'Orletta, Dominique Brunato, Giulia Venturi | Sentences and Documents in Native Language Identification | ENG | 4 | 2 | 0 | CNR-ILC | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pisa | Starting from a wide set of linEnglish. Starting from a wide set of linguistic features, we present the first in depth feature analysis in two different Native Language Identification (NLI) scenarios. We compare the results obtained in a traditional NLI document classification task and in a newly introduced sentence class... | Native Language Identification (NLI) is the research topic aimed at identifying the native language (L1) of a speaker or a writer based on his/her language production in a non-native language (L2). The leading assumption of NLI research is that speakers with the same L1 exhibit similar linguistic patterns in their L2 pr... | We introduced a new NLI scenario focused on sentence classification. Compared to document classification we obtained different results in terms of accuracy and distribution of errors across the L1s. We showed the different role played by a wide set of linguistic features in the two NLI scenarios. These differences may ju... | 8 | Learner Corpora and Language Acquisition |
278_2018 | 2,018 | Bernardo Magnini, Vevake Balaraman, Simone Magnolini, Marco Guerini | What's in a Food Name: Knowledge Induction from Gazetteers of Food Main Ingredient | ENG | 4 | 0 | 0 | Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Università di Trento | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | We investigate head-noun identiEnglish. We investigate head-noun identification in complex noun-compounds (e.g. table is the head-noun in three legs table with white marble top). The task is of high relevancy in several application scenarios, including utterance interpretation for dialogue systems, particularly in the c... | Noun-compounds are nominal descriptions that hold implicit semantic relations between their constituents (Shwartz and Dagan, 2018). For instance, an apple cake is a cake made of apples. While in the literature there has been a large interest in interpreting noun-compounds by classifying them with a fixed set of ontologi... | We have addressed head-noun identification in complex noun-compounds, a task of high relevancy in utterance interpretation for dialogue systems. We proposed a neural model, and experiments on Italian food noun-compounds show that the model is able to outperform strong baselines even with a small amount of data. For the ... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
279_2018 | 2,018 | Alessio Palmero Aprosio, Stefano Menini, Sara Tonelli, Luca Ducceschi, Leonardo Herzog | Towards Personalised Simplification based on L2 Learners’ Native Language | ENG | 5 | 1 | 0 | Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Università di Trento | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | We present an approach to imEnglish. We present an approach to improve the selection of complex words for automatic text simplification, addressing the need of L2 learners to take into account their native language during simplification. In particular, we develop a methodology that automatically identifies ‘difficult’ term... | The task of automated text simplification has been investigated within the NLP community for several years with a number of different approaches, from rule-based ones (Siddharthan, 2010; Barlacchi and Tonelli, 2013; Scarton et al., 2017) to supervised (Bingel and Søgaard, 2016; AlvaManchego et al., 2017) and unsupervise... | In this work, we have presented an approach supporting personalized simplification in that it enables to adapt the selection of difficult words for lexical simplification to the native language of L2 learners. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to deal with this kind of adaptation. The approach is relatively easy ... | 11 | Text Simplification |
280_2018 | 2,018 | Giorgio Maria Di Nunzio, Federica Vezzani | A Linguistic Failure Analysis of Classification of Medical Publications: A Study on Stemming vs Lemmatization | ENG | 2 | 1 | 0 | Università di Padova | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Padua | Technology-Assisted Review (TAR) systems are essential to minimize the effort of the user during the search and retrieval of relevant documents for a specific information need. In this paper, we present a failure analysis based on terminological and linguistic aspects of a TAR system for systematic medical reviews. In p... | The Cross Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF) (Goeuriot et al., 2017) Lab on eHealth has proposed a task on Technology-Assisted Review (TAR) in Empirical Medicine since 2017. This task focuses on the problem of systematic reviews in the medical domain, that is the retrieval of all the documents presenting some evidence re... | In this work, we have presented a linguistic failure analysis in the context of medical systematic reviews. The analysis showed that, for those topics where the system does not retrieve all the relevant information, the main issues are related to abbreviations and pairs noun-adjective and the triad of terms noun-adject... | 20 | In-domain IR and IE |
281_2018 | 2,018 | Emiliano Giovannetti, Davide Albanesi, Andrea Bellandi, Simone Marchi, Alessandra Pecchioli | Constructing an Annotated Resource for Part-Of-Speech Tagging of Mishnaic Hebrew | ENG | 5 | 1 | 0 | CNR-ILC, Progetto Traduzione Talmud Babilonese S.c.a r.l. | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pisa | This paper introduces the research in Part-Of-Speech tagging of mishnaic Hebrew carried out within the Babylonian Talmud Translation Project. Since no tagged resource was available to train a stochastic POS tagger, a portion of the Mishna of the Babylonian Talmud has been morphologically annotated using an ad hoc devel... | The present work has been conducted within the Babylonian Talmud Translation Project (in Italian, Progetto Traduzione Talmud Babilonese PTTB) which aims at the translation of the Babylonian Talmud (BT) into Italian. The translation is being carried out with the aid of tools for text and language processing integrated i... | In this work, the tagging experiments have been limited to the attribution of the PartOf-Speech: the next, natural step, will be the addition of the lemma. Furthermore, we will try to modify the parameters affecting the behaviour of the three adopted POS taggers (left at their default values for the experiments) and se... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
282_2018 | 2,018 | Eleonora Mollo, Amon Rapp, Dario Mana, Rossana Simeoni | Progettare chatbot: considerazioni e linee guida | ITA | 4 | 2 | 1 | Università di Torino | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Turin | This work is focused on the curEnglish. This work is focused on the current trends in designing chatbots and virtual assistants. We start from users’ needs identified in industrial surveys on chatbots. The result is a collection of guidelines and considerations which reflect the state of the art. | Chatbots and virtual assistants are a developing field. Numerous companies are moving to synchronize their marketing, sales, and support functions in order to offer their users a positive experience that meets their expectations during interaction. According to research conducted by Oracle, "Can Virtual Experience Repl... | Thanks to the analysis and research work carried out, it has been possible to identify, at least at a preliminary level, the guidelines that can be used in the design phase of chatbots, specifying which of these guidelines are still under discussion and acceptance, and which have become established practices for chatbo... | 3 | Chatbots and Dialogue Systems |
283_2018 | 2,018 | Valerio Basile, Mirko Lai, Manuela Sanguinetti | Long-term Social Media Data Collection at the University of Turin | ENG | 3 | 1 | 0 | Università di Torino | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Turin | We report on the collection of social media messages — from Twitter in particular — in the Italian language that is continuously going on since 2012 at the University of Turin. A number of smaller datasets have been extracted from the main collection and enriched with different kinds of annotations for linguistic purpo... | The online micro-blogging platform Twitter1 has been a popular source for natural language data since the second half of the 2010’s, due to the enormous quantity of public messages exchanged 1https://twitter.com/ by its users, and the relative ease of collecting them through the official API. Many researchers implemente... | null | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
284_2018 | 2,018 | Elisa Bassignana, Valerio Basile, Viviana Patti | Hurtlex: A Multilingual Lexicon of Words to Hurt | ENG | 3 | 2 | 1 | Università di Torino | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Turin | We describe the creation of HurtLex, a multilingual lexicon of hate words. The starting point is the Italian hate lexicon developed by the linguist Tullio De Mauro, organized in 17 categories. It has been expanded through the link to available synset-based computational lexical resources such as MultiWordNet and BabelN... | Communication between people is rapidly changing, in particular due to the exponential growth of the use of social media. As a privileged place for expressing opinions and feelings, social media are also used to convey expressions of hostility and hate speech, mirroring social and political tensions. Social media enabl... | Our main contribution is a machine-readable version of the hate words lexicon by De Mauro, enriched with lexical features from available computational resources. We make HurtLex available for download as a tool for hate speech detection. A first evaluation of the lexicon against corpora featuring different targets of ha... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
285_2018 | 2,018 | Valerio Basile, Alessandro Mazzei | Neural Surface Realization for Italian | ENG | 2 | 0 | 0 | Università di Torino | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Turin | We present an architecture based on neural networks to generate natural language from unordered dependency trees. The task is split into the two subproblems of word order prediction and morphology inflection. We test our model gold corpus (the Italian portion of the Universal Dependency treebanks) and an automatically p... | Natural Language Generation is the process of producing natural language utterances from an abstract representation of knowledge. As opposed to Natural Language Understanding, where the input is well-defined (typically a text or speech segment) and the output may vary in terms of complexity and scope of the analysis, in... | Conclusion and Future Work Conclusion and Future Work In this paper, we considered the problem of analysing the impact of the training data and parameters tuning on the (modular and global) performance of the DipInfo-UniTo realizer. We computationally proved that the DipInfo-UniTo realizer can gives competitive results... | 4 | Syntax and Dependency Treebanks |
286_2018 | 2,018 | Ruggero Petrolito, Felice Dell'Orletta | Word Embeddings in Sentiment Analysis | ENG | 2 | 0 | 0 | Università di Pisa, CNR-ILC | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pisa | In the late years sentiment analyEnglish. In the late years sentiment analysis and its applications have reached growing popularity. Concerning this field of research, in the very late years machine learning and word representation learning derived from distributional semantics field (i.e. word embeddings) have proven to... | Introduction Introduction In the late years sentiment analysis has reached great popularity among NLP tasks. As reported by Mäntylä et al. (2016) the number of papers on this subject has increased significantly in the first two decades of 21st century, as well as the extent of its applications. A wide variety of technolo... | Conclusions Conclusions In this work we study the impact of word embedding-based features in the sentiment analysis tasks. We performed several classification experiments to investigate the effects on classification performances of five dimensions related to the word embeddings. We tested several different ways of selecti... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
287_2018 | 2,018 | Pierpaolo Basile, Nicole Novielli | “Buon appetito!” - Analyzing Happiness in Italian Tweets | ENG | 2 | 1 | 0 | Università di Bari Aldo Moro | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Bari | We report the results of an exploratory study aimed at investigating the language of happiness in Italian tweets. Specifically, we conduct a time-wise analysis of the happiness load of tweets by leveraging a lexicon of happiness extracted from 8.6M tweets. Furthermore, we report the results of a statistical linguistic a... | The widespread diffusion of social media has reshaped the way we interact and communicate. Among others, microblogging platforms as Twitter are becoming extremely popular and people constantly use them for sharing opinions about facts of public interest. Furthermore, its worldwide adoption and the fact that tweets are ... | We performed an exploratory analysis of the lexicon and concepts associated with happiness in Italian tweets. We leveraged a corpus of happy and sad tweets to extract a ”happiness dictionary’, which we use to perform a time-wise analysis of happiness on Twitter and to extract the most frequent concepts and psycholingui... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
288_2018 | 2,018 | Dominique Brunato, Martina Valeriani, Felice Dell'Orletta | DARC-IT: a DAtaset for Reading Comprehension in ITalian | ENG | 3 | 2 | 1 | Università di Pisa, CNR-ILC | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pisa | In this paper, we present DARCEnglish. In this paper, we present DARCIT, a new reading comprehension dataset for the Italian language aimed at identifying ‘question-worthy’ sentences, i.e. sentences in a text which contain information that is worth asking a question about1. The purpose of the corpus is twofold: to inve... | Reading comprehension (RC) can be defined as “the process of simultaneously extracting and constructing meaning through interaction and involvement with written language” (Snow, 2002). Such a definition emphasizes that RC is a complex human ability that can be decomposed into multiple operations, such as coreference reso... | We presented DARC-IT, a new reading comprehension dataset for Italian collected from a sample of standardized evaluation tests used to assess students’ reading and comprehension at different grade levels. For each text, we annotated ‘question-worthy’ sentences, i.e. sentences which contained the answer to a given quest... | 11 | Text Simplification |
289_2018 | 2,018 | Paolo Mairano, Enrico Zovato, Vito Quinci | La sentiment analysis come strumento di studio del parlato emozionale? | ITA | 3 | 0 | 0 | University of Lille, Università di Torino | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Paolo Mairano | 0 | 0 | France, Italy | Lille, Turin | Abundant literature has shown that English. Abundant literature has shown that emotional speech is characterized by various acoustic cues. However, most studies focused on sentences produced by actors, disregarding ecologically elicited speech due to difficulties in finding suitable emotional data. In this contribution... | The expression of emotions can occur through different components at various linguistic levels (Reilly & Seibert, 2003): lexical (modal verbs, intensifiers, attenuators, or evaluative elements), syntactic (e.g., relative clauses can comment on actions and behaviors), acoustic (prosody, voice quality), and paralinguisti... | The correlation between lexical and acoustic indices of emotional read speech seems to be significant, but limited in scope, both at the word and sentence levels. F0 indices seem to be influenced by the valence of the sentence and the word, but the explained variance remains low. These results confirm and extend what w... | 6 | Sentiment, Emotion, Irony, Hate |
290_2018 | 2,018 | Johanna Monti, Valeria Caruso, Maria Pia di Buono | PARSEME-IT Issues in verbal Multiword Expressions identification and classification | ENG | 3 | 3 | 1 | Università di Napoli L'Orientale, University of Zagreb | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Maria Pia di Buono | 0 | 0 | Italy, Croatia | Naples, Zagreb | The second edition of the PARSEME shared task was based on new guidelines and methodologies that particularly concerned the Italian language with the introduction of new categories of verbs not considered in the previous edition. This contribution presents the novelties introduced, the results obtained and the problems... | The paper reports on some final results of the second edition of an annotation trial for verbal Multiword Expressions (VMWEs) carried out on the Italian language by the PARSEME-IT research group 1, which started within the broader European PARSEME project, the IC1207 COST action ended in April 20172. The initial project... | In this paper we described the novelties concerning the PARSEME shared task on automatic identification of verbal MWEs - edition 1.1 (2018), in which new verb categories have been included in comparison with the 2017 edition. Some of them are language-specific, such as ICV for some Romance languages, others are not, like... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
291_2018 | 2,018 | Giulia Chiriatti, Valentina Della Gala, Maria Chiara Pettenati, Maria Teresa Sagri, Felice Dell'Orletta, Simonetta Montemagni, Giulia Venturi | A NLP-based Analysis of Reflective Writings by Italian Teachers | ENG | 7 | 6 | 1 | INDIRE, CNR-ILC | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Florence, Pisa | This paper reports first results of a wider study devoted to exploit the potentialities of a NLP-based approach to the analysis of a corpus of reflective writings on teaching activities. We investigate how a wide set of linguistic features allows reconstructing the linguistic profile of the texts written by the Italian te... | Since 2014, the “National Institute for Documentation, Innovation and Educational Research” (INDIRE) manages for the Ministry of Education (MIUR) the induction program of the Italian Newly Qualified Teachers (NQTs), i.e. the induction phase of teachers professional development that aims to support teachers in their tran... | We reported first results of a on-going study devoted to reconstruct the linguistic profile of a corpus of reflective writings by Italian newly recruited teachers that we collected for the specific purpose of this paper. We are currently enlarging the corpus with new manually annotated data to improve the accuracy of the a... | 8 | Learner Corpora and Language Acquisition |
292_2018 | 2,018 | Ludovica Pannitto, Alessandro Lenci | MEDEA: Merging Event knowledge and Distributional vEctor Addition | ENG | 2 | 1 | 1 | Università di Pisa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pisa | The great majority of composiEnglish. The great majority of compositional models in distributional semantics present methods to compose distributional vectors or tensors in a representation of the sentence. Here we propose to enrich the best performing method (vector addition, which we take as a baseline) with distribu... | Composing word representations into larger phrases and sentences notoriously represents a big challenge for distributional semantics (Lenci, 2018). Various approaches have been proposed ranging from simple arithmetic operations on word vectors (Mitchell and Lapata, 2008), to algebraic compositional functions on higher-... | We provided a basic implementation of a meaning composition model, which aims at being incremental and cognitively plausible. While still relying on vector addition, our results suggest that distributional vectors do not encode sufficient information about event knowledge, and that, in line with psycholinguistic results... | 22 | Distributional Semantics |
293_2018 | 2,018 | Alessio Palmero Aprosio, Giovanni Moretti | Tint 2.0: an All-inclusive Suite for NLP in Italian | ENG | 2 | 0 | 0 | Fondazione Bruno Kessler | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Trento | In this we paper present Tint 2.0, English. In this we paper present Tint 2.0, an open-source, fast and extendable Natural Language Processing suite for Italian based on Stanford CoreNLP. The new release includes some improvements of the existing NLP modules, and a set of new text processing components for finegrained l... | In recent years, Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies have become fundamental to deal with complex tasks requiring text analysis, such as Question Answering, Topic Classification, Text Simplification, etc. Both research institutions and companies require accurate and reliable software for free and efficient ling... | In this paper, we presented the new release of Tint, a simple, fast and accurate NLP pipeline for Italian, based on Stanford CoreNLP. In the new version, we have fixed some bugs and improved some of the existing modules. We have also added a set of components for fine-grained linguistics analysis that were not available ... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
294_2018 | 2,018 | Maria Simi, Simonetta Montemagni | Bootstrapping Enhanced Universal Dependencies for Italian | ENG | 2 | 2 | 1 | Università di Pisa, CNR-ILC | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pisa | The paper presents an extension English. The paper presents an extension of the Italian Universal Dependencies Treebank with an “enhanced” representation level (e-IUDT), aimed at simplifying the information extraction process. The modules developed to semi-automatically build e-IUDT were delexicalized to perform cross-... | Introduction Introduction The Universal Dependencies (UD) project, launched in 2015, aims at developing crosslinguistically consistent treebank annotation for many languages, with the goal of facilitating multilingual parser development, cross-lingual learning, and parsing research from a language typology perspective ... | We extended the Italian UD Treebank with an enhanced representation level: Italian is now among the few languages within UD with a gold enhanced Treebank which will be part of Release v2.3. The modules used to semi-automatically build e-IUDT were delexicalized to carry out cross-language enhancements: preliminary resul... | 4 | Syntax and Dependency Treebanks |
295_2018 | 2,018 | Lucia Busso, Ludovica Pannitto, Alessandro Lenci | Modelling Italian Construction Flexibility with Distributional Semantics: Are Constructions Enough? | ENG | 3 | 2 | 1 | Università di Pisa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pisa | The present study combines psycholinguistic evidence on Italian valency coercion and a distributional analysis. The paper suggests that distributional properties can provide useful insights on how general abstract constructions influence the resolution of coercion effects. However, complete understanding of the processi... | In Construction Grammar (Goldberg, 2006), the basic units of linguistic analysis are called constructions (Cxns), form-meaning pairings associated with autonomous, non-compositional abstract meanings, independently from the lexical items occurring in them. Examples of Cxns range from morphemes (e.g., pre-, -ing), to fil... | These findings support our claim that coercion effects are resolved by a dynamic interrelation between verb and Cxn (Kemmer, 2008; Kemmer and Yoon, 2013). Even though frequency effects are shown to affect Cxns extensibility to new items (Bybee, 2006), our results suggest that type and token frequency only facilitate the... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
296_2018 | 2,018 | Irene De Felice, Felice Dell'Orletta, Giulia Venturi, Alessandro Lenci, Simonetta Montemagni | Italian in the Trenches: Linguistic Annotation and Analysis of Texts of the Great War | ENG | 5 | 3 | 1 | Università di Pisa, CNR-ILC | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Pisa | The paper illustrates the design English. The paper illustrates the design and development of a textual corpus representative of the historical variants of Italian during the Great War, which was enriched with linguistic (lemmatization and pos-tagging) and meta-linguistic annotation. The corpus, after a manual revision... | Introduction Introduction World War I (WWI) represents a crucial period in the history of Italian. In fact, De Mauro (1963) claimed that Italian as a national language was born in the trenches of the Great War. Since masses of men from different regions of the peninsula were forced to live together for months in the tr... | Conclusions and current developments Conclusions and current developments Voices of the Great War is the first large corpus of documents in Italian dating back to the period of WWI. This corpus differs from other existing resources because it gives account of the wide range of varieties in which Italian was articulated ... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
297_2018 | 2,018 | Anupama Chingacham, Denis Paperno | Generalizing Representations of Lexical Semantic Relations | ENG | 2 | 1 | 1 | Saarland University, CNRS | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | Anupama Chingacham, Denis Paperno | 0 | 0 | Germany, France | Saarbrücken, Nancy | We propose a new method for English. We propose a new method for unsupervised learning of embeddings for lexical relations in word pairs. The model is trained on predicting the contexts in which a word pair appears together in corpora, then generalized to account for new and unseen word pairs. This allows us to overcom... | In this paper we address the problem of unsupervised learning of lexical relations between any two words. We take the approach of unsupervised representation learning from distribution in corpora, as familiar from word embedding methods, and enhance it with an additional technique to overcome data sparsity. Word embedd... | The proposed model is simple in design and training, learning word relation vectors based on cooccurrence with unigram contexts and extending to rare or unseen words via a non-linear mapping. Despite its simplicity, the model is capable of capturing lexical relation patterns in vector representations. Most importantly,... | 22 | Distributional Semantics |
298_2018 | 2,018 | Matteo Negri, Marco Turchi, Nicola Bertoldi, Marcello Federico | Online Neural Automatic Post-editing for Neural Machine Translation | ENG | 4 | 0 | 0 | Fondazione Bruno Kessler, MMT srl | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | Nicola Bertoldi, Marcello Federico | Italy | Trento, Turin | Machine learning from user corrections is key to the industrial deployment of machine translation (MT). We introduce the first on-line approach to automatic post-editing (APE), i.e. the task of automatically correcting MT errors. We present experimental results of APE on English-Italian MT by simulating human post-edits... | Automatic Post-editing for MT is a supervised learning task aimed to correct errors in a machinetranslated text (Knight and Chander, 1994; Simard et al., 2007). Cast as a problem of “monolingual translation” (from raw MT output into improved text in the same target language), APE has followed a similar evolution to tha... | We introduced an online neural APE system, which is trained on generic data and only exploits user feedback to improve its performance, and evaluated it on the output of NMT systems featuring increasing complexity and in-domain data demand. Our results show the effectiveness of current APE technology in the typical set... | 10 | Machine Translation |
299_2018 | 2,018 | Chiara Alzetta, Forsina Koceva, Samuele Passalacqua, Ilaria Torre, Giovanni Adorni | PRET: Prerequisite-Enriched Terminology. A Case Study on Educational Texts | ENG | 5 | 3 | 1 | Università di Genova | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Italy | Genova | In this paper we present PRET, a English. In this paper we present PRET, a gold dataset annotated for prerequisite relations between educational concepts extracted from a computer science textbook, and we describe the language and domain independent approach for the creation of the resource. Additionally, we have creat... | Educational Concept Maps (ECM) are acyclic graphs which formally represent a domain’s knowledge and make explicit the pedagogical dependency relations between concepts (Adorni and Koceva, 2016). A concept, in an ECM, is an atomic piece of knowledge of the subject domain. From a pedagogical point of view, the most impor... | In this paper, we described PRET, a gold dataset manually annotated for prerequisite relations between pairs of concepts; moreover we presented the methodology we adopted and a tool to support prerequisite annotation. The case study, even limited as for the number of annotators and the educational material, was a reaso... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
300_2018 | 2,018 | Matteo Amore, Stephen McGregor, Elisabetta Jezek | Distributional Analysis of Verbal Neologisms: Task Definition and Dataset Construction | ENG | 3 | 1 | 0 | Università di Pavia, CELI Language Technology, CNRS, Université Sorbonne nouvelle Paris 3 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Stephen McGregor | 0 | 0 | Italy, France | Pavia, Turin, Montrouge, Paris | In this paper we introduce the task English In this paper we introduce the task of interpreting verbal neologism (VNeo) for the Italian language making use of a highly context-sensitive distributional semantic model (DSM). The task is commonly performed manually by lexicographers verifying the contexts in which the VNe... | Studying neologisms can tell us several things. From a lexicographic point of view, neologisms can show trends that a language is following. In our opinion, they can also shed light on various aspects related to linguistic creativity; when speakers use new words (coined by themselves, or recently coined by someone else... | The aim of the task presented here is to investigate the importance of linguistic context for the interpretation of neologisms, grounding the analysis in a context-sensitive DSM. With this task we intend to tackle issues connected with creativity processes and the environmental (contextual) sensibility typical of human... | 7 | Lexical and Semantic Resources and Analysis |
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