anlanwang925/MNLP_M3_rag_dataset · Datasets at Hugging Face

id stringlengths 6 15	dataset stringclasses 9 values	question stringlengths 1 1.11k	choices sequencelengths 2 10	answer stringclasses 8 values	support stringlengths 0 12.8k
math_qa_5586	math_qa	a man covers a distance on scooter . had he moved 3 kmph faster he would have taken 40 min less . if he had moved 2 kmph slower , he would have taken 40 min more . the distance is .	[ "30 km ", "60 km ", "80 km ", "20 km ", "40 km" ]	E	e 40 km let distance = x m usual rate = y kmph x / y – x / y + 3 = 40 / 60 hr 2 y ( y + 3 ) = 9 x - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ( 1 ) x / y - 2 – x / y = 40 / 60 hr y ( y - 2 ) = 3 x - - - - - - - - - - - ( 2 ) divide 1 & 2 equations by solving we get x = 40 km
qasc_6209	qasc	What shares some of the same structures and basic functions?	[ "Veins and arteries.", "insects and viruses", "cells and viruses", "birds and rocks", "all eukaryotes", "sensory neurons", "animals", "mammals" ]	E	eukaryotes share some of the same structures and basic functions
logicqa_3334	logicqa	Which of the following correctly represents the number of staff with bachelor's degrees in the unit?	[ "0 people have a bachelor degree.", "Only 1 person has a bachelor's degree.", "0 individuals are not bachelor degree.", "Only 1 person is not a bachelor's degree." ]	A	There are 20 staff members in a unit.① Some people have a bachelor's degree; ② The person in charge of the unit is not a bachelor's degree; ③ Some people are not a bachelor's degree. Only one of the above three judgments is true.
openbookqa_297	openbookqa	what does a barometer do to air pressure	[ "state its tightness", "store it", "disperse it", "condense it further" ]	A	a barometer is used to measure air pressure
qasc_156	qasc	What causes damage to the lungs?	[ "breathing", "tar", "HPV", "fire", "CFCs", "sunshine", "coal", "mist" ]	B	Tar causes damage to the lungs.
sciq_4762	sciq	All chemical changes involve a transfer of what?	[ "heating", "Water", "energy", "fuel" ]	C	All chemical changes involve a transfer of energy. When zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid, the test tube becomes very warm as energy is released during the reaction. Some other reactions absorb energy. While energy changes are a potential sign of a chemical reaction, care must be taken to ensure that a chemical reaction is indeed taking place. Physical changes may also involve a transfer of energy. A solid absorbs energy when it melts, and the condensation of a gas releases energy. The only way to be certain that a chemical reaction has occurred is to test the composition of the substances after the change has taken place to see if they are different from the starting substances.
piqa_66	piqa	To clean up broken glass	[ "Lay a flashlight on the floor. Any left over pieces will make a shadow so you can pick them up before you feet do.", "Lay a flashlight on the floor. Any left over pieces will make a sound so you can pick them up before you feet do." ]	A
logicqa_6283	logicqa	What can be said from the original text?	[ "The emergence of new technologies such as artificial intelligence is a necessary condition for new retail.", "New retail can make up for the lack of a single offline sales channel in traditional retail.", "New retail uses high-tech, which can effectively reduce traditional labor costs.", "The growth bottleneck of traditional e-commerce is the driving force for new retail." ]	B	Although "new retail" has become the hottest concept at the moment, there is actually no accurate definition of what is new retail. The professional saying is "reconstruction of people, goods, and the Internet and big data", popularly The understanding is probably the combination of online and offline, and then supplemented by technical means such as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, etc. , to achieve a comprehensive upgrade of the traditional retail industry's production and sales.
medmcqa_3397	medmcqa	Most common anomaly of upper urogenital tract is -	[ "Uretero pelvic junction stenosis", "Ectopic uretheral opening", "Ureterocele", "Ectopic ureter" ]	A	Ans. is 'a' i.e., Uretero pelvic junction stenosis o UPJ stenosis is most common abnormality in childhood and is more frequent in male children, characterised by narrowing usually on left side.o Overall, position & shape of kidney being most common one.o Horse shoe kidney is the most common and most frequently found renal abnormality among men.
qasc_4906	qasc	Many squirrels are protected from what by their burrows	[ "disease", "wild fire", "A virus", "Wet weather", "sun's heat", "cold air", "Winter", "deforestation" ]	B	Many squirrels are protected from a wild fire by their burrows
logicqa_3770	logicqa	According to the above definition, which of the following options do not meet the Pygmalion effect?	[ "The stubborn Rawls had heard a teacher unexpectedly after a naughty mischief, \"I can see that you will be the governor of New York State at a glance. \" Governor.", "Martha has worked hard and worked hard since her childhood, but her grades are mediocre. Facing the eyes of teachers and classmates who do not recognize her, she ignores them and rushes to catch up with her.", "Welch told each team member that the most valuable thing is the idea, and motivated them to complete the idea and achieve the goal. In the end, they jointly promoted the tremendous development of the business.", "Assistant Bate caused huge losses to the company due to operating errors, but the president said to him, \"It's all up to you to dispose of it and preserve part of the investment. \" Bate later became the company's backbone." ]	B	The Pygmalion effect refers to the phenomenon that an individual forms a certain expectation based on his perception of a situation, and his emotions and ideas are influenced and implied by others, and the expectation has a practical effect on the situation, also known as the expected effect.
math_qa_1545	math_qa	in an examination , the percentage of students qualified to the number of students appeared from school a is 70 % . in school b , the number of students appeared is 20 % more than the students appeared from school a and the number of students qualified from school b is 50 % more than the students qualified from school a . what is the percentage of students qualified to the number of students appeared from school b ?	[ "30 % ", "70 % ", "80 % ", "87.5 % ", "none" ]	D	solution let number of students appeared from school a = 100 . then , number of students qualified from school a = 70 . number of students appeared from school b = 120 . number of students qualified from school b = [ 150 / 100 x 70 ] = 105 . required percentage = [ 105 / 120 x 100 ] % = 87.5 % answer d
qasc_2695	qasc	Rain causes what and sculpts landscapes?	[ "stone filtering", "rock formations", "water stagnating", "rock growing", "alluvial", "flooding", "coastlines", "permineralization" ]	B	Rain causes rock formations and sculpts landscapes.
qasc_3150	qasc	Cells with damaged DNA are more likely to divide when exposed to what?	[ "harmful substances", "apoptotic genes", "sulfur dioxide", "a tumor suppressor", "Electrical energy", "heat or cold", "immune system", "a carcinogen" ]	H	Carcnogenic substances can promote division of cells with damaged DNA.
math_qa_3846	math_qa	a confectioner decides to sell all of his pastry due to the coming holiday . his pastry goods are equally divided among a group of 30 regular customers . if only 49 customers come to the bakery , each one will receive 6 less pastry goods . how much pastry does the confectioner needs to sell ?	[ "450 . ", "412 . ", "432 . ", "502 . ", "522 ." ]	A	pastry is divided in 30 customers equally . so , total number of pastry must be a multiple of 30 only option a satisfies the condition , and hence is the answer
sciq_8747	sciq	What vesicles store neurotransmitters?	[ "dendritic", "synaptic", "Golgi apparatus", "hydrophobic" ]	B	Secretory Vesicles contain materials that are to be excreted from the cell, such as wastes or hormones . Secretory vesicles include synaptic vesicles and vesicles in endocrine tissues. Synaptic vesicles store neurotransmitters. They are located at presynaptic terminals in neurons. When a signal reaches the end of an axon, the synaptic vesicles fuse with the cell membrane and release the neurotransmitter. The neurotransmitter crosses the synaptic junction, and binds to a receptor on the next cell. Some cells also produce molecules, such as hormones produced by endocrine tissues, needed by other cells. These molecules are stored in secretory vesicles and released when needed. Secretory vesicles also hold enzymes needed to make extracellular structures, such as the extracellular matrix of animal cells.
medmcqa_665	medmcqa	Father of modern toxicology -	[ "Paracelsus", "Galton", "Orfila", "Guftason" ]	C	orfila is known as father of modern toxicology Ref: FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY Dr PC IGNATIUS THIRD EDITION PAGE 397
logicqa_2610	logicqa	According to the above definitions, which of the following is unrelated to photosynthesis?	[ "A seed grows into a towering tree.", "Cactus grows in a dry environment.", "Bacterial decomposition of plant residual leaves.", "Growth of farm corn." ]	C	Photosynthesis refers to the process in which chlorophyll of green plants synthesizes water and carbon dioxide into organic substances and expels oxygen under sunlight.
qasc_7029	qasc	What has a negative impact on people, animals and plants?	[ "steroids", "liver cancer", "disease", "influenza", "drought", "landfills", "deforestation", "bacteria" ]	F	Landfills have a negative impact on people, animals and plants.
logicqa_669	logicqa	As a counter-argument to the above view, Which of the following is the most powerful.	[ "Eating a bowl of noodles and adding some vinegar is necessary. But do you say that it is mainly noodles or vinegar?", "I have to unscrew the cap before I can drink water. Doesn't this mean that screwing the cap is a necessary step?", "The so-called \"rooster sings the white world\", but you can't always say that the white is sung by the rooster!", "When I wear shoes, I always wear my left foot first, then my right foot. Does this mean that the left foot is more important than the right foot?" ]	D	In a debate on "whether inheritance or innovation is more important", the protagonist and the protagonist had a fierce debate. The protagonist argued in his speech: "Sequence equals importance. ".
openbookqa_4531	openbookqa	What causes direct damage to the lungs?	[ "drinking alcohol", "consuming ignited tobacco", "eating feces", "swimming" ]	B	smoking causes direct damage to the lungs
openbookqa_3020	openbookqa	If the world has a universal temp increase, then	[ "ice chunks get small", "glaciers will grow larger", "water will stop existing", "things will be fun" ]	A	if the atmospheric temperature rises then the glaciers will melt
sciq_1095	sciq	Where do polychaete worms live?	[ "lakes", "digestive tract", "garden soil", "the ocean floor" ]	D	Polychaete worms live on the ocean floor. They may be sedentary filter feeders or active predators or scavengers. Active species crawl along the ocean floor in search of food.
piqa_302	piqa	How can I re-use a piano bench that I am thinking about selling?	[ "Turn it upside down and put a block of cement on it so a cat can sleep on it.", "Turn it upside down and put a pillow on it so a cat can sleep on it." ]	B
qasc_2543	qasc	What requires nutrients to grow?	[ "apples", "goats", "rocks", "dirt", "oak", "elms", "light", "grass" ]	F	elms require nutrients to grow
logicqa_4476	logicqa	Based on this, can it be launched?	[ "Don't pick Ding.", "Picking A.", "Not picking A.", "Picking Ding." ]	A	Jiangtian City Bureau of Finance decided to send a comrade to the rural areas to help the poor according to the instructions of the superiors. Many comrades such as A. B, C, D, and E of the Bureau of Finance actively registered and applied for the trip after knowing the news. According to the registration and the work needs of the Bureau The leaders of the bureau made the following decisions: (1) At least one person was selected from A and B; (2) At most one person was selected from B and C; (3) Among A and D At most one person is selected; (4) If Ding is selected, then C and E are indispensable.
openbookqa_4747	openbookqa	If you hear that its snowy outside, you can expect there to be	[ "an abundance of fire", "Absolutely zero snow outside", "a plethora of snow", "frogs falling from sky" ]	C	snowy means a large amount of snow
sciq_1601	sciq	Cancer cells take up glucose for what reason?	[ "food", "energy", "reproduction", "heating" ]	B	Despite its dangers, radioactivity has several uses. For example, it can be used to determine the ages of ancient rocks and fossils. It can also be used as a source of power to generate electricity. Radioactivity can even be used to diagnose and treat diseases, including cancer. Cancer cells grow rapidly and take up a lot of glucose for energy. Glucose containing radioactive elements can be given to patients. Cancer cells take up more of the glucose than normal cells do and give off radiation. The radiation can be detected with special machines like the one in the Figure below . The radiation may also kill cancer cells. You can learn more about medical uses of radiation at this URL: http://www. youtube. com/watch?v=v_8xM-mLxJ8.
medmcqa_6051	medmcqa	Which insulin is never mixed with other insulins?	[ "Utile", "Aspa", "Lispro", "Glargine" ]	D	Ans. is 'd' i.e., Glargine o All insulin preparations are supplied at neutral pH (7.2-7.4) except glargine (supplied at pH 4.0); therefore, glargine cannot be mixed with any insulin.
sciq_2339	sciq	What mammalian class has the greatest ability to learn?	[ "apes", "humans", "rats", "reptiles" ]	B	In many ways, humans are unique among mammals. For example, we have bigger brains and a greater ability to learn than any other species in the mammalian class. In many ways, however, we are typical of the mammalian order to which we belong. That order is the Primate Order. To fully understand what it means to be human, you need to know more about this fascinating order of mammals.
sciq_7028	sciq	What kind of radiation is observed in honeycreeper birds?	[ "symbiotic", "spontaneous", "destructive", "adaptive" ]	D	Figure 18.13 The honeycreeper birds illustrate adaptive radiation. From one original species of bird, multiple others evolved, each with its own distinctive characteristics.
sciq_7306	sciq	What is the equation of power released?	[ "amplitude x current", "voltage x current", "detonation x current", "uptake x current" ]	B	; Power released is equal to the voltage multiplied by the current.
logicqa_4529	logicqa	Based on this, can it be launched?	[ "E shares rose, F shares rose.", "E stocks do not rise, F stocks rise.", "E shares rose, F shares did not rise.", "E shares do not rise, F shares do not rise." ]	C	E shares and F shares do not rise at the same time; if F shares do not rise, then E shares rise; if E shares do not rise, F shares also do not rise.
qasc_6562	qasc	What is produced by female flower parents in the ovaries?	[ "seeds", "pollen", "sugar", "abcess", "honey", "H 2 O", "eggs", "nectar" ]	G	Female flower parents produce eggs inside the ovaries of flowers.
medmcqa_470	medmcqa	R-factor in bacteria is transferred by	[ "Transduction", "Transformation", "Conjugation", "Vertical transmission" ]	C	Conjugation Bacterial conjugation is the transfer of genetic material between bacteria through direct cell to cell contact or through a bridge- like the connection between two cells. Conjugation is a process whereby a donor (male) bacterium makes physical contact with a recipient (female) bacterium. Donor status is determined by the presence of plasmid. This plasmid codes for specialized fimbria (sex pilus) and for self-transfer. Sex pilus (conjugation tube) helps in transfer of genetic material from male bacterium to female bacterium. The plasmid is known as transfer factor (sex factor or fertility factor). The plasmid may be R factory which codes for transferrable multiple drug resistance. The DNA of the plasmid replicates during transfer so that each bacterium receives a copy → Recipient becomes a donor and the donor retains its donor status.
qasc_7704	qasc	Harm to the respiratory and circulatory systems can come from	[ "Greenhouse gases", "hydrocarbons", "Sulfur dioxide", "nitrogen oxides", "burning coal", "fossil fuels", "emissions", "Greenhouse gasses" ]	D	Nitrogen oxides harms the respiratory and circulatory systems.
sciq_4371	sciq	In how many basic was can substances cross the plasma membrane?	[ "two", "four", "three", "one" ]	A	If a cell were a house, the plasma membrane would be walls with windows and doors. Moving things in and out of the cell is an important role of the plasma membrane. It controls everything that enters and leaves the cell. There are two basic ways that substances can cross the plasma membrane: passive transport and active transport.
qasc_3248	qasc	green plants convert water, solar energy, and carbon dioxide into what	[ "stone", "carbohydrates", "soil", "Greenhouse gases", "Greenhouse gasses", "worms", "cellulose", "food and shelter" ]	B	green plants convert carbon dioxide, water, and solar energy into carbohydrates for themselves
sciq_3672	sciq	What do you call the relationship in which members of one species consume members of another species?	[ "exploitation", "competition", "parasitism", "predation" ]	D	Predation is a relationship in which members of one species consume members of another species. The consuming species is called the predator. The species that is consumed is called the prey. In Figure below , the wolves are predators, and the moose is their prey.
math_qa_4614	math_qa	the average of the marks of 10 students in a class is 80 . if the marks of each student are doubled , find the new average ?	[ "80 ", "120 ", "160 ", "270 ", "110" ]	C	"sum of the marks for the 10 students = 10 * 80 = 800 . the marks of each student are doubled , the sum also will be doubled . the new sum = 800 * 2 = 1600 . so , the new average = 1600 / 10 = 160 . answer : c"
medmcqa_691	medmcqa	Negative nitrogen balance is the characteristic feature of which phase of convalescence after surgery?	[ "Catabolic phase", "Anabolic phase", "Fat gain phase", "Tuning point phase" ]	A
sciq_4511	sciq	What kind of compounds are named for their positive metal ion first, followed by their negative nonmetal ion?	[ "magnetic compounds", "ionic compounds", "horizontal compounds", "magnetic compounds" ]	B	Ionic compounds are named for their positive metal ion first, followed by their negative nonmetal ion.
medmcqa_4236	medmcqa	Which of the following cells do not act as antigen presenting cells. ?	[ "T-cells", "B-cells", "Macrophages", "Osteoclasts" ]	A	Ans. is 'a' i.e., T-cellsNote - Osteoclast is a type of macrophage.
math_qa_5587	math_qa	oil cans x and y are right circular cylinders and the height and radius of y are each thrice those of x . if the oil in can x filled to capacity sells for $ 4 , how much does the oil in y sell for if y is only 1 / 3 rd filled ?	[ "$ 30 ", "$ 25 ", "$ 36 ", "$ 40 ", "$ 28" ]	C	"formula for vol of a cyl is pi * r ^ 2 * h so vy = 27 * vy y when 1 / 3 rd filled will cost 9 times x so ans is c"
openbookqa_675	openbookqa	A pod of dolphins is swimming while searching for food. The youngest dolphin swims away from the pod and is lost. The rest of the pod searches for the young dolphin by clicking into the water. The young dolphin is found because of	[ "echoes from noise", "vibrations from drums", "sound of water", "movement in air" ]	A	echolocation is when some animals detect objects by hearing echoes by emitting sound
qasc_4612	qasc	What can protect plants from cold?	[ "keratin", "habitat", "trees", "heat", "glass", "Light", "fibers", "peat" ]	E	glass can protect plants from cold
openbookqa_137	openbookqa	A lot of people think that volcanoes may only exist in tall mountains that tower above us, but a lot of volcanoes	[ "fall into the oceans", "are water leaking volcanoes", "erupt into the sea", "are found and erupt beneath the water" ]	D	volcanoes are often found under oceans
medmcqa_7179	medmcqa	Which of the following cement has most anticariogenic effect used while placing bands on molar to prevent caries?	[ "GIC", "Polycarboxylate", "Zinc phosphate", "Silicate" ]	A	GIC has fluoride releasing property and it also binds with the tooth chemically. So, it should be the cement of choice.
math_qa_4375	math_qa	three 6 faced dice are thrown together . the probability that exactly two dice show the same number on them is - .	[ "5 / 12 ", "4 / 13 ", "5 / 17 ", "3 / 12 ", "8 / 9" ]	A	"using question number 11 and 12 , we get the probability as 1 - ( 1 / 36 + 5 / 9 ) = 5 / 12 answer a"
medmcqa_1809	medmcqa	In a community of 5000 people, the crude bih rate is 30 per 1000 people. The number of pregnant female is?	[ "150", "65", "175", "200" ]	A	Crude Bih rate: Annual number of live bihs per 1000 mid year population Here, CBR is 30 per 1000 population So for 5000 population - 30/1000 x5000 = 150 That implies, no of pregnant women is 150 Ref: Park 25th edition Pgno : 532
medmcqa_7062	medmcqa	A patient with microcytic hypochromic anemia. Hb-9 g%, serum iron-20 microg/dl, ferritin level-800 ng/ml, transferrin percentage saturation is 64%. What is possible diagnosis?	[ "Atransferrinemia", "Iron deficiency anemia", "DMT 1 mutation", "Anemia of chronic disorder" ]	A	Ans. (a) Atransferrinemia(Ref: Wintrobe's 12th/pg814)This patient with microcytic hypochromic anemia, has high ferritin level (800ng/ml) & increased transferrin percentage saturation (64%). The most possible diagnosis is Atransferrinemia.AtransferrinemiaIt is a rare congenital autosomal recessive condition with low transferrin level in the body.So whatever transferrin is left, is saturated.It presents with hypochromic microcytic anemia, decreased serum levels of iron, TIBC, and increased serum level of ferritin (as iron absorption is markedly increased but iron transfer to eryrthropoetic tissues are reduced)High transferrin saturation (64% in this case) & high ferritin level, excludes Iron deficiency Anemia (option B excluded)In DMT 1 mutation, transferrin saturation is low (hence option C excluded)High transferrin saturation excludes Anemia of chronic disease (option D)
sciq_1667	sciq	Where do ectotherms get most of their heat?	[ "food", "internally", "metabolism", "external sources" ]	D
math_qa_1124	math_qa	what is the area of a square field whose diagonal of length 18 m ?	[ "120 sq m ", "250 sq m ", "200 sq m ", "180 sq m ", "100 sq m" ]	D	"d 2 / 2 = ( 18 * 18 ) / 2 = 180 answer : d"
sciq_118	sciq	What type of direction does a phase change depend on?	[ "power transfer", "heat transfer", "weight transfer", "humidity transfer" ]	B	Remember that a phase change depends on the direction of the heat transfer. If heat transfers in, solids become liquids, and liquids become solids at the melting and boiling points, respectively. If heat transfers out, liquids solidify, and gases condense into liquids.
qasc_1407	qasc	What requires a source of electricity to produce light?	[ "Broken light bulb.", "The sun.", "basic building blocks of life", "an electron microscope", "The source magazine.", "algae and plants", "the simplest of green plants", "An emergency lighting source." ]	H	Emergency lighting source requires a source of electricity to produce light.
qasc_515	qasc	Staying warm has a positive impact on an animal's chances to:	[ "die", "moves", "protect them", "cave", "fur", "Reproduction", "reproduce", "growth" ]	G	Staying warm has a positive impact on an animal's chances for reproduction.
logicqa_1897	logicqa	According to the definition above, Which of the following options do not involve electronic opposition:.	[ "Before the military exercise, the exercise command center conducts virus killing on the computers used in advance.", "The launch vehicle launches anti-radiation missiles at the enemy and shuts down its electronic equipment to avoid accidental strikes.", "Warships reduce the power of radar transmitting signals and set anti-radiation decoys in conflict areas.", "In order to counter the enemy's electronic interference, the headquarters decided to issue important instructions by a fixed telephone." ]	D	Electronic opposition is the various activities performed to prevent enemy or hostile electronic countermeasures from affecting the combat effectiveness of host equipment and personnel, so as to protect the host's combat power from damage. The main measures include electronic counter-scouting, Electronic anti-interference, anti-radiation destruction, anti-directional blinding and computer virus infection.
sciq_6934	sciq	What astronomical phenomenon, formed of split asteroids or planetary rocks, provides clues about our solar system?	[ "galaxies", "meteorites", "stars", "comets" ]	B	Meteorites provide clues about our solar system. Many were formed in the early solar system ( Figure below ). Some are from asteroids that have split apart. A few are rocks from nearby bodies like Mars. For this to happen, an asteroid smashed into Mars and sent up debris. A bit of the debris entered Earth’s atmosphere as a meteor.
qasc_1177	qasc	An ecosystem's what increases its productivity and stability	[ "elevation", "complexity", "Quality of life", "seasons", "seasonal changes", "Animal survival", "trees", "Plants growth" ]	B	An ecosystem's complexity increases its productivity and stability
openbookqa_4168	openbookqa	When the sun is set it is called what?	[ "sleep time", "noon", "morning", "dawn" ]	A	if it is night then the sun has set
medmcqa_5252	medmcqa	In a study following interpretation are obtained: Satisfied, Very satisfied, Dissatisfied. Which type of scale is this?	[ "Nominal", "Ordinal", "Interval", "Ratio" ]	B	Ans is 'b' i.e. Ordinal Repeat from All India 07, AIIMS May 2005, Nov. 2003Statistical data can be of two types -Qualitative data -Quantitative dataQualitative DataIn such data there is no notion of magnitude or size of the variables as they cannot be measuredVariables can be categorized according to some characteristics or quality.eg: Sex, occupation marital status, education level, vaccinated or not vaccinated, acquired the disease or not, died or cured, grades in the class.The qualitative data can be placed on 2 scales -NominalOrdinal.Nominal scaleNominal scale data are divided into qualitative categories or groups, such as male / female, black / white, died / cured, attacked/not attacked, vaccinated/not vaccinate, urban/sub urban/ruralThere is no implication of order or ratio, means that the data cannot be placed in a meaningful order.Ordinal ScaleHere the data can be placed into categories that can be rank ordered (eg. students may be ranked 1st / 2nd / 3rd / 4th in their class or into grades A/B/C, the activity of an animal can be rated on a scale of 1 to 6, hardness scale for water etc.)However, there is no information about the size of the interval ie no conclusion can be drawn about whether the difference between the first and second students is the same as the difference between the second and third.Variables in the form of mild, moderate and severe (or very satisfied, satisfied and dissatisfied) are analyzed by ordinal scale as they can be arranged in a meaningful order but there is no information about the size of the interval between them.Quantitative dataThe quantitative data have a magnitude ie they can be measured.Eg. - height, weight, blood pressure, serum cholesterol level, temperature, number of children in a family etc.Quantitative data can be measured on 2 scalesIntervalRatio scalesInterval scaleInterval scale data are like ordinal data in that they can be placed in a meaningful order; in addition, they have meaningful intervals between items, which can be measured.eg: Temperature on the Celsius scale (the difference between 80 degand 70deg is the same as between 40 degand 30 degCHowever, interval scale data do not have an absolute zero, ratios of the scores are not meaningful ie 80deg C of Celsius temperature is not twice as hot as 40degC because 0degC does not indicate a complete absence of heat.Ratio ScaleA ratio scale has the same properties as an interval scale, however, because it has an absolute zero, meaningful ratio do exist.eg. weights, time, blood pressure, temperature on the Kelvin scale (not Celsius scale) On the Kelvin scale, zero degrees indicate an absolute absence of heat, just as a zero pulse indicates an absolute absence of heartbeat. Thus we can say that 400 K is twice as hot as 200 K.Dichotomous Scale is a type of nominal scale in which nominal data fall into only two groups eg black / white, died / cured, failed / passed.
sciq_6101	sciq	What type of force always opposes the direction of motion?	[ "harmonic friction", "strong force", "kinetic friction", "binary friction" ]	C	Kinetic friction acts between two surfaces that are in contact and in motion with respect to each other. This force reduces the acceleration and it always opposes the direction of motion.
sciq_987	sciq	An electron in an atom is completely described by four of what?	[ "photosynthesis numbers", "prime bumbers", "quantum numbers", "decay numbers" ]	C	The Pauli Exclusion Principle An electron in an atom is completely described by four quantum numbers: n, l, ml, and ms. The first three quantum numbers define the orbital and the fourth quantum number describes the intrinsic electron property called spin. An Austrian physicist Wolfgang Pauli formulated a general principle that gives the last piece of information that we need to understand the general behavior of electrons in atoms. The Pauli exclusion principle can be formulated as follows: No two electrons in the same atom can have exactly the same set of all the four quantum numbers. What this means is that electrons can share the same orbital (the same set of the quantum numbers n, l, and ml), but only if their spin quantum numbers ms have different values. Since the spin quantum number can only have two values ⎛⎝± 1 ⎞⎠, no 2 more than two electrons can occupy the same orbital (and if two electrons are located in the same orbital, they must have opposite spins). Therefore, any atomic orbital can be populated by only zero, one, or two electrons. The properties and meaning of the quantum numbers of electrons in atoms are briefly summarized in Table 6.1.
piqa_1031	piqa	How do you get rid of hiccups?	[ "An effective method to curing hiccups: Take seven big swallows of water without taking a breath.", "An effective method to curing hiccups: Take seven small swallows of water without taking a breath." ]	A
sciq_751	sciq	Antibiotics only target prokaryotic cells - they do not affect fungi, which are not prokaryotic, but instead what?	[ "chloroplasts", "plants", "mammals", "eukaryotic" ]	D	Animal and Human Parasites and Pathogens Fungi can affect animals, including humans, in several ways. Fungi attack animals directly by colonizing and destroying tissues. Humans and other animals can be poisoned by eating toxic mushrooms or foods contaminated by fungi. In addition, individuals who display hypersensitivity to molds and spores develop strong and dangerous allergic reactions. Fungal infections are generally very difficult to treat because, unlike bacteria, fungi are eukaryotes. Antibiotics only target prokaryotic cells, whereas compounds that kill fungi also adversely affect the eukaryotic animal host. Many fungal infections ( mycoses) are superficial and termed cutaneous (meaning “skin”) mycoses. They are usually visible on the skin of the animal. Fungi that cause the superficial mycoses of the epidermis, hair, and nails rarely spread to the underlying tissue (Figure 13.26). These fungi are often misnamed “dermatophytes” from the Greek dermis skin and phyte plant, but they are not plants. Dermatophytes are also called “ringworms” because of the red ring that they cause on skin (although the ring is caused by fungi, not a worm). These fungi secrete extracellular enzymes that break down keratin (a protein found in hair, skin, and nails), causing a number of conditions such as athlete’s foot, jock itch, and other cutaneous fungal infections. These conditions are usually treated with over-the-counter topical creams and powders, and are easily cleared. More persistent, superficial mycoses may require prescription oral medications.
logicqa_2644	logicqa	Which of the following reasoning most closely resembles the problem? ?	[ "The older a person is, the more mature he becomes. Lao Zhang is older than his son, so Lao Zhang is more mature than his son.", "The higher the altitude, the thinner the air. Because the altitude of Xining is higher than that of Xi'an, the air in Xining is thinner than Xi'an.", "This year's marathon champion has better results than the previous year. Zhang Hua is this year's marathon champion, so his marathon results this year are better than his previous year.", "In a fiercely competitive market, the higher the product quality and the more county-level advertising investment, the greater the demand for the product. Company A invests more advertising costs than company B. Therefore, the demand for company A's products is higher than that for company B. The company's demand is high." ]	B	The longer the age of a tree, the more its annual rings. In the courtyard of Lao Zhang, the age of the locust tree is longer than that of the old Li family.
medmcqa_6437	medmcqa	Positive zone of enamel caries is the:	[ "Translucent zone", "Dark zone", "Body of the lesion", "Surface zone" ]	B	The dark zone This lies adjacent and superficial to the translucent zone. It has been referred to as the ‘positive zone’ because it is usually present. This zone is formed as a result of demineralization and appears dark brown in ground sections examined by transmitted light after imbibition with quinolone.
math_qa_1920	math_qa	the sale price of a trolley bag including the sale tax is rs . 420 . the rate of sale tax is 12 % . if the shopkeeper has made a profit of 25 % , the cost price of the trolley bag is :	[ "rs 625 ", "rs 300 ", "rs 350 ", "rs 375 ", "none of these" ]	B	explanation : 112 % of s . p . = 420 s . p . = rs . ( 420 x 100 / 112 ) = rs . 375 . c . p . = rs ( 100 / 125 x 375 ) = rs 300 answer : b
qasc_3036	qasc	What slows the transfer of heat?	[ "moss", "coat", "CFCs", "UV", "foil", "fur", "skin", "ice" ]	H	ice slows the transfer of heat
math_qa_2693	math_qa	a and b together can do a piece of work in 10 days . b alone can finish it in 20 days . in how many days can a alone finish the work ?	[ "20 ", "10 ", "15 ", "5 ", "7" ]	A	time taken by a to finish the work = xy / ( y - x ) = 10 x 20 / ( 20 - 10 ) = 200 / 10 = 20 days answer : a
sciq_5868	sciq	What is the process in which gases are exchanged between the body and the outside air?	[ "precipitation", "respiration", "ingestion", "metabolism" ]	B	Respiration is the process in which gases are exchanged between the body and the outside air. The lungs and other organs of the respiratory system bring oxygen into the body and release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
sciq_8637	sciq	Terrestrial biomes are determined mainly by what?	[ "landscape", "element", "climate", "population" ]	C	Terrestrial biomes are determined mainly by climate.
qasc_3730	qasc	What does goldenrod life cycle include?	[ "it keeps an organism warm", "sub-units of species", "produce offspring", "seed dispersal", "The flowers are pollinated", "alternation of generations", "that material's properties", "biological diversity" ]	F	Goldenrod life cycle includes alternation of generations.
math_qa_4463	math_qa	a cube of edge 15 cm is imersed completely in a rectangular vessel containing water . if the dimensions of the base of vessel are 20 cm * 15 cm , find the rise in waer level .	[ "11.25 cm .', '", "12.25 cm', '", "13.25 cm', '", "14.25 cm', '", "none of these']" ]	A	sol . increase in volume = volume of the cube = ( 15 * 15 * 15 ) cm ³ . ∴ rise in water level = [ volume / area ] = [ 15 * 15 * 15 / 20 * 15 ] cm = 11.25 cm . answer a
logicqa_4352	logicqa	Based on this, we can launch:.	[ "There must be a fake drug factory and sales network with huge production capacity.", "Suspect sells fake pills such as Jiuxin Pill.", "Some socially harmful criminal activities include the sale of counterfeit medicines with a high level of craftsmanship.", "The dens selling fake medicines should be destroyed as soon as possible." ]	A	Because the suspect sells counterfeit drug administration shops, it involves a wide range and has great social harm. Especially for emergency medicines like Jiuxin Pill, once the patient makes counterfeit medicine in Sichuan, the consequences are disastrous. A public security bureau found through investigation that those counterfeit medicines are not only the manufacturing process and packaging level are high, and most of them are well-known well-known brands in the current market. The sales volume is close to the production cost.
medmcqa_6649	medmcqa	Anemia of chronic disease is characterised by	[ "Increased sideroblast", "Increased TIBC", "Increased bone marrow iron", "Increased protoporphyrin" ]	C	(Ref: Robbins 8/e p662) Anemia of chronic disease- Impaired red cell production associated with any chronic diseases that would be infectious/inflammatory/neoplastic. Chronic diseases produce a cytokine “IL-6” that increases the production of hepcidin from liver. Hepcidin inhibits ferroportin function in macrophages and reduces the transfer of iron from storage pool to developing erythroid precursors in bone marrow. So the patient develop anemia irrespective of increased amount of iron in macrophages. Laboratory findings- Increased ferritin (storage iron), Low serum iron and reduced total iron binding capacity. Whereas in iron deficiency anemia, the patient will have decreased ferritin, lowserum iron and high iron binding capacity.
medmcqa_6074	medmcqa	Anti androgen used in hea failure ?	[ "Carvedilol", "Sampatrilat", "Spironolactone", "Abiraterone" ]	C	Ans. is 'c' i.e., Spironolactone o Spironolactone and eplerenone are the aldosterone antagonists. They are used as potassium sparing diuretics. Their diurectic effect is quite feeble, but in CHF these drugs reduce the moality (at doses lower than diuretic doses) by antagonizing the effect of aldosterone (reversal of remodelling). Spironolactone also possesses anti- androgenic effects.
openbookqa_645	openbookqa	Humans are able to eat	[ "only meat products and byproducts", "exclusively grains and fruits", "a full assortment of food groups including meat, grains, and vegetables", "sea life and only green vegetables" ]	C	omnivores eat plants
medmcqa_2105	medmcqa	Immunostimulant used for the treatment of malignant melanoma is :	[ "Levamisole", "BCG", "Aldesleukin", "Methotrexate" ]	C	It is a recombinant IL-2 used for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma.
logicqa_6879	logicqa	The text is intended to show that my country:.	[ "The scope of national defense should be expanded.", "National Defense faces a severe development crisis.", "New challenges in the field of traditional security.", "The strategy of defense theater must conform to the requirements of the times." ]	D	For a long time, due to China's defensive national defense policy, in the design of theater space, it is basically based on local and offshore defenses, and it is built in accordance with the model of "guarding the territory and defending the territory. " The military tentacles rarely extend beyond the territory. The crisis of development will be far greater than the crisis of survival. To meet the new requirements for maintaining national security and development interests, peripheral, overseas, and new security areas should be included in the theater's strategic scope, and the theater's mission functions should be further expanded to make it more outward-looking. Openness and enthusiasm. Especially with the rapid development of multipolarization, globalization and informatization, the national traditional security field has begun to expand into space, network, information, electromagnetic and other fields. Space expansion and extension, focusing on forming a strong and powerful multi-dimensional three-dimensional theater space situation.
medmcqa_6499	medmcqa	Not useful for acute Hypercalcemia?	[ "Normal saline", "Calcitonin", "Furosemide", "Bisphosphonates" ]	C	Ans. is 'c' i.e., Furosemide Treatment for hypercalcemia depends upono The underlying disease.o The severity of hypercalcemia.o The serum inorganic phosphate level ando The renal hepatic and bone marrow function. o Mild hvpercalcemias< 3 mmol/l (12 mg/dl)-Managed by hydration aloneo More severe hvoercalcemia3.2 to 3.7 mmol/l (13 to 15 mg/dl)-Requires rapid correction measures other than hydration.It requires combination of approaches.o Life threatening hypercalcemia>3.7 mmol/L (15 mg/dL)-Requires emergency measures TreatementOnset of ActionDuration of ActionAdvantagesDisadvantagesMost Useful Therapies Hydration with salineHoursDuring infusionRehydration invariably neededVolume overloadForced diuresis; saline plus loop diureticHoursDuring treatmentRapid actionVolume overload, cardiac decompensation, intesive monitoring, eletrolyte disturbance, inconvenienceBisphosphonates Pamidronate1-2 days10-14 days to weeksHigh potency, intermediate onset of actionFever in 20%, hypophosphatemia, hypocalcemia rarely jaw necrosisZolendronate1-2 days> 3 weeksSame as for pamidronate (may last longer)Same as pamidronate aboveCalcitoninHours1-2 daysRapid onset of action; useful as adjunct in severe hypercalcemiaRapid tachyphylaxisSpecial Use therapies PhosphateOral24 hDuring useChronic management (with hypophosphatemia); low toxicity if P< 4 mg/dLLimited use except as adjuvant or chronic therapyGlucocorticoidsDaysDays, weeksOral therapy, antitumor agentActive only in certain malignancies vitamin D excess and sarcoidosis; glucocorticoid side effectsDialysisHoursDuring use and 24-48 afterwardUseful in renal failure; onset of effect in hours; can immediately reverse life-theratening hypercalcemiaComplex procedure, reserved for extreme or special circumstances
medmcqa_3635	medmcqa	Nerve injured in fracture of medial epicondyle of humerus -	[ "Anterior interosseous", "Median", "Ulnar", "Radial" ]	C	Ans. is 'c' i.e., UlnarSite of injuryNerve injuredFracture surgical neck humerusAxillary nerveFracture shaft humerusRadial nerveSupracondylar fractureMedian nerve (anterior interosseous branch)Medial epicondyle fractureUlnar nervePosterior dislocation of HIPSciatic nerveFibular neck fractureCommon peroneal nerve
piqa_1613	piqa	jar	[ "can by sealed by tape and used to store things.", "can by sealed by rags and used to store things." ]	A
piqa_1117	piqa	Create a drip catcher for ice cream bar.	[ "Put coffee cup lid under ice cream stick.", "Put coffee cup lid over ice cream stick." ]	A
sciq_7859	sciq	What do we call the cartilaginous structure that surrounds the notochrod?	[ "osteocytes", "membrane", "clavicle", "arcualia" ]	D	distinctly differ from the adult form, spending 3 to 15 years as suspension feeders. Once they attain sexual maturity, the adults reproduce and die within days. Lampreys possess a notochord as adults; however, this notochord is surrounded by a cartilaginous structure called an arcualia, which may resemble an evolutionarily early form of the vertebral column.
math_qa_6404	math_qa	the mean of 30 values was 150 . it was detected on rechecking that one value 165 was wrongly copied as 135 for the computation of the mean . find the correct mean .	[ "151 ", "149 ", "152 ", "148 ", "none of the above" ]	A	"corrected mean = 150 × 30 − 135 + 165 / 30 = 4500 − 135 + 165 / 30 = 4530 / 30 = 151 answer a"
medmcqa_5646	medmcqa	Which among the following appears as spinal cord edema in MRI scan?	[ "Myelodysplasia", "Spinal cord infarctions", "Myeloschisis", "Cord tumors" ]	B	Most spinal cord infarctions are detected by MRI. After a few days, there are obvious lesions on the T2 sequences, presumably reflecting edema that extends over several levels. There may be slight enhancement after infusion of gadolinium. MRI taken in the first hours or day is often normal. In the chronic stages, the infarcted region collapses and has an attenuated signal on MRI. Ref: Ropper A.H., Samuels M.A. (2009). Chapter 44. Diseases of the Spinal Cord. In A.H. Ropper, M.A. Samuels (Eds), Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology, 9e.
medmcqa_5857	medmcqa	Only mycobacteria which produces exotoxin -	[ "M. tuberculosis", "M. Ajarinum", "M. Ulcerans", "M.Bavis" ]	C	Ans. is 'c' i.e., M. Ulcerans * Buruli ulcer is caused by M. ulcerans.* It is the only mycobacteria producing a toxin.
medmcqa_6075	medmcqa	Who is ASHA?	[ "Worker of a Non-Governmental Organization", "Community level voluntary worker for health", "Government health worker", "Helper of anganwadi" ]	B	Ans: B (Community level voluntary worker for heath) Ref: Park 22nd editionExplanation: ASHA (Accredited social health activist) are involved in health care of community under the National Rural Health Mission. Accredited social health activists (ASHAs) are community health workers instituted by the Government of India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) as part of the National Rural Health Mission (NRMM The mission began in 2005; full implementation was targeted for 2012. Once fully implemented, there is to be "an ASHA in every village" in India, a target that translates into 250.000 ASHAs in 10 states.Roles and ResponsibilitiesASHAs are local women trained to act as health educators and promoters in their communities. Their tasks include;Motivating women to give birth in hospitals.Bringing children to immunization clinics.Encouraging family planning (e.g., surgical sterilization).Treating basic illness.Injury with first aid.Keeping demographic records.Improving village sanitation.ASHAs are also meant to serve as a key communication mechanism between the healthcare system and rural populations.SelectionASHAs must primarily be female residents of the village that they have been selected to serve, who are likely to remain in that village for the foreseeable future.Married, widowed or divorced women are preferred over women who have yet to marry since Indian cultural norms dictate that upon marriage a woman leaves her village and migrates to that of her husband.ASHAs must have class eight education or higher, preferably be between the ages of 25 and 45, and are selected by and accountable to the gram panchayat (local government).If there is no suitable literate candidate, a semiliterate woman with a formal education lower than eighth standard, may be selected.RemunerationAlthough ASHAs are considered volunteers, they receive outcome-based remuneration and financial compensation for training days.For example, if an ASHA facilitates an institutional delivery she receives Rs. 600 and the mother receives Rs. 1400.ASHAs also receive Rs. 150 for each child completing an immunization session and Rs. 150 for each individual who undergoes family planning.
logicqa_2406	logicqa	Which of the following can best refute the above argument?	[ "Slower train speeds in the north of the country.", "There are many more train lines in the south of the country than in the north.", "Many lines in the south of the country already use EMUs.", "Most of the northern part of the country is mountainous and is more suitable for car driving." ]	B	Statistics show that train accidents in a country mostly occur in the southern region, so it is safer to travel by train in the northern region.
piqa_2576	piqa	How can I spray water in hard to reach spots?	[ "Duct tape a hose bib and hose to a long handled broom or any long handle.", "Duct tape a hose nozzle and hose to a long handled broom or any long handle." ]	B
qasc_6633	qasc	What things have positive impact on plants?	[ "pollution", "wind and animals", "hormones", "shockwaves", "food and shelter", "organic molecules", "hydrogen and oxygen", "granuloma" ]	B	Winds and animals have a positive impact on plants
logicqa_5822	logicqa	In this passage, "collision and fusion of language" means?	[ "Absorption of one language by another.", "Different languages interact with each other and absorb each other.", "Take the essence of foreign words and remove the dross.", "Keep the essence of the native language and absorb the reasonable elements of the foreign language." ]	D	The collision and fusion of language and language is part of culture and cultural interaction. Today, this kind of communication in the world is becoming more frequent and quicker. From the perspective of a language, it always has to maintain the essence of the past and Absorb external factors, otherwise there is no way to convey new reality.
logicqa_2177	logicqa	To make the above scientists' ideas work, which of the following needs to be added as the premise most?	[ "niversal scientific knowledge on climate change worldwide.", "overnments introduce effective policies to control CO2 emissions.", "cientific community integrates resources to support the development of geoengineering technology.", "Mechanisms can be established to effectively recover and store CO2." ]	D	If the cumulative amount of CO2 emitted to the atmosphere exceeds 3.200 billion tons, then by the end of this century, the threshold for controlling the temperature rise to within 20 degrees will not be maintained. Some scientists believe that in order to achieve the goal of controlling the temperature rise within 20 degrees, Limiting CO2 emissions is not enough. It is necessary to carry out large-scale atmospheric CO2 recovery operations worldwide to effectively control and mitigate the degree of atmospheric pollution.
sciq_2656	sciq	What is the active ingredient in cloves?	[ "thiamine", "nicotine", "eugenol", "methyl" ]	C	Eugenol, the active ingredient in cloves, has the formula C 10 H 12 O 2 . Eugenol is a molecular substance that does not dissociate into ions when dissolved in a solvent. What is the boiling point of a solution in which 0.144 g of eugenol is dissolved in 10.0 g benzene? The k b value for benzene is 2.53 °C/ m , and the boiling point of pure benzene is 80.1 °C.
piqa_3628	piqa	How can you restore and repair small dents in wood (Like a wood floor)?	[ "Put a little water in the dent, then lay a moist towel over the it then heat up your iron (like clothing iron) and then move it over the towel in circles, pressing down on it for a few minutes. The heat and water should rehydrate the wood, allowing it to puff back up.", "Put a little water in the dent, then lay a moist towel over the it then heat up your iron (like clothing iron) and then move it over the towel in circles, holding it above your head while you do, for a few minutes. The heat and water should rehydrate the wood, allowing it to puff back up." ]	A
sciq_3944	sciq	The primary nitrogenous waste material secreted by ureotelic animals is what substance?	[ "ammonia", "nitrate", "urea", "carbon" ]	C	invertebrates produce uric acid. Animals that secrete urea as the primary nitrogenous waste material are called ureotelic animals.
math_qa_4535	math_qa	a certain company reported that the revenue on sales increased 40 % from 2000 to 2003 , and increased 60 % from 2000 to 2005 . what was the approximate percent increase in revenue for this store from 2003 to 2005 ?	[ "50 % ", "40 % ", "14 % ", "32 % ", "29 %" ]	C	"assume the revenue in 2000 to be 100 . then in 2003 it would be 140 and and in 2005 160 , so from 2003 to 2005 it increased by ( 160 - 140 ) / 140 = 20 / 140 = 1 / 7 = ~ 14 % . answer : c"
math_qa_5857	math_qa	a and b start from house at 10 am . they travel on the mg road at 20 kmph and 40 kmph . there is a junction t on their path . a turns left at t junction at 12 : 00 noon , b reaches t earlier , and turns right . both of them continue to travel till 2 pm . what is the distance between a and b at 2 pm	[ "160 km ", "170 km ", "180 km ", "190 km ", "150 km" ]	A	at 12 a will travel = 20 * 2 = 40 km b will travel this 40 km in 40 / 40 = 1 hr i . e . by 11 am . after t junction for a - distance travelled = 2 * 20 = 40 km for b distance travelled = 40 * 3 = 120 so distance between a & b is = 120 + 40 = 160 km answer : a
math_qa_5037	math_qa	set a contains all the even numbers between 2 and 50 inclusive . set b contains all the even numbers between 102 and 150 inclusive . what is the difference between the sum of elements of set b and the sum of the elements of set a ?	[ "2500 ", "2550 ", "5050 ", "6275 ", "11325" ]	A	"set a contains 2,4 , 6 . . . 50 set b contains 102 , 104 , 106 . . . 150 number of terms in each set = 25 difference between corresponding terms in set a and b = 100 difference between sum of set b and set a = 100 * 25 = 2500 answer a"

math_qa_5586

math_qa

a man covers a distance on scooter . had he moved 3 kmph faster he would have taken 40 min less . if he had moved 2 kmph slower , he would have taken 40 min more . the distance is .

[ "30 km ", "60 km ", "80 km ", "20 km ", "40 km" ]

E

e 40 km let distance = x m usual rate = y kmph x / y – x / y + 3 = 40 / 60 hr 2 y ( y + 3 ) = 9 x - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ( 1 ) x / y - 2 – x / y = 40 / 60 hr y ( y - 2 ) = 3 x - - - - - - - - - - - ( 2 ) divide 1 & 2 equations by solving we get x = 40 km

qasc_6209

qasc

What shares some of the same structures and basic functions?

[ "Veins and arteries.", "insects and viruses", "cells and viruses", "birds and rocks", "all eukaryotes", "sensory neurons", "animals", "mammals" ]

E

eukaryotes share some of the same structures and basic functions

logicqa_3334

logicqa

Which of the following correctly represents the number of staff with bachelor's degrees in the unit?

[ "0 people have a bachelor degree.", "Only 1 person has a bachelor's degree.", "0 individuals are not bachelor degree.", "Only 1 person is not a bachelor's degree." ]

A

There are 20 staff members in a unit.① Some people have a bachelor's degree; ② The person in charge of the unit is not a bachelor's degree; ③ Some people are not a bachelor's degree. Only one of the above three judgments is true.

openbookqa_297

openbookqa

what does a barometer do to air pressure

[ "state its tightness", "store it", "disperse it", "condense it further" ]

A

a barometer is used to measure air pressure

qasc_156

qasc

What causes damage to the lungs?

[ "breathing", "tar", "HPV", "fire", "CFCs", "sunshine", "coal", "mist" ]

B

Tar causes damage to the lungs.

sciq_4762

sciq

All chemical changes involve a transfer of what?

[ "heating", "Water", "energy", "fuel" ]

C

All chemical changes involve a transfer of energy. When zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid, the test tube becomes very warm as energy is released during the reaction. Some other reactions absorb energy. While energy changes are a potential sign of a chemical reaction, care must be taken to ensure that a chemical reaction is indeed taking place. Physical changes may also involve a transfer of energy. A solid absorbs energy when it melts, and the condensation of a gas releases energy. The only way to be certain that a chemical reaction has occurred is to test the composition of the substances after the change has taken place to see if they are different from the starting substances.

piqa_66

piqa

To clean up broken glass

[ "Lay a flashlight on the floor. Any left over pieces will make a shadow so you can pick them up before you feet do.", "Lay a flashlight on the floor. Any left over pieces will make a sound so you can pick them up before you feet do." ]

A

logicqa_6283

logicqa

What can be said from the original text?

[ "The emergence of new technologies such as artificial intelligence is a necessary condition for new retail.", "New retail can make up for the lack of a single offline sales channel in traditional retail.", "New retail uses high-tech, which can effectively reduce traditional labor costs.", "The growth bottleneck of traditional e-commerce is the driving force for new retail." ]

B

Although "new retail" has become the hottest concept at the moment, there is actually no accurate definition of what is new retail. The professional saying is "reconstruction of people, goods, and the Internet and big data", popularly The understanding is probably the combination of online and offline, and then supplemented by technical means such as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, etc. , to achieve a comprehensive upgrade of the traditional retail industry's production and sales.

medmcqa_3397

medmcqa

Most common anomaly of upper urogenital tract is -

[ "Uretero pelvic junction stenosis", "Ectopic uretheral opening", "Ureterocele", "Ectopic ureter" ]

A

Ans. is 'a' i.e., Uretero pelvic junction stenosis o UPJ stenosis is most common abnormality in childhood and is more frequent in male children, characterised by narrowing usually on left side.o Overall, position & shape of kidney being most common one.o Horse shoe kidney is the most common and most frequently found renal abnormality among men.

qasc_4906

qasc

Many squirrels are protected from what by their burrows

[ "disease", "wild fire", "A virus", "Wet weather", "sun's heat", "cold air", "Winter", "deforestation" ]

B

Many squirrels are protected from a wild fire by their burrows

logicqa_3770

logicqa

According to the above definition, which of the following options do not meet the Pygmalion effect?

[ "The stubborn Rawls had heard a teacher unexpectedly after a naughty mischief, \"I can see that you will be the governor of New York State at a glance. \" Governor.", "Martha has worked hard and worked hard since her childhood, but her grades are mediocre. Facing the eyes of teachers and classmates who do not recognize her, she ignores them and rushes to catch up with her.", "Welch told each team member that the most valuable thing is the idea, and motivated them to complete the idea and achieve the goal. In the end, they jointly promoted the tremendous development of the business.", "Assistant Bate caused huge losses to the company due to operating errors, but the president said to him, \"It's all up to you to dispose of it and preserve part of the investment. \" Bate later became the company's backbone." ]

B

The Pygmalion effect refers to the phenomenon that an individual forms a certain expectation based on his perception of a situation, and his emotions and ideas are influenced and implied by others, and the expectation has a practical effect on the situation, also known as the expected effect.

math_qa_1545

math_qa

in an examination , the percentage of students qualified to the number of students appeared from school a is 70 % . in school b , the number of students appeared is 20 % more than the students appeared from school a and the number of students qualified from school b is 50 % more than the students qualified from school a . what is the percentage of students qualified to the number of students appeared from school b ?

[ "30 % ", "70 % ", "80 % ", "87.5 % ", "none" ]

D

solution let number of students appeared from school a = 100 . then , number of students qualified from school a = 70 . number of students appeared from school b = 120 . number of students qualified from school b = [ 150 / 100 x 70 ] = 105 . required percentage = [ 105 / 120 x 100 ] % = 87.5 % answer d

qasc_2695

qasc

Rain causes what and sculpts landscapes?

[ "stone filtering", "rock formations", "water stagnating", "rock growing", "alluvial", "flooding", "coastlines", "permineralization" ]

B

Rain causes rock formations and sculpts landscapes.

qasc_3150

qasc

Cells with damaged DNA are more likely to divide when exposed to what?

[ "harmful substances", "apoptotic genes", "sulfur dioxide", "a tumor suppressor", "Electrical energy", "heat or cold", "immune system", "a carcinogen" ]

H

Carcnogenic substances can promote division of cells with damaged DNA.

math_qa_3846

math_qa

a confectioner decides to sell all of his pastry due to the coming holiday . his pastry goods are equally divided among a group of 30 regular customers . if only 49 customers come to the bakery , each one will receive 6 less pastry goods . how much pastry does the confectioner needs to sell ?

[ "450 . ", "412 . ", "432 . ", "502 . ", "522 ." ]

A

pastry is divided in 30 customers equally . so , total number of pastry must be a multiple of 30 only option a satisfies the condition , and hence is the answer

sciq_8747

sciq

What vesicles store neurotransmitters?

[ "dendritic", "synaptic", "Golgi apparatus", "hydrophobic" ]

B

Secretory Vesicles contain materials that are to be excreted from the cell, such as wastes or hormones . Secretory vesicles include synaptic vesicles and vesicles in endocrine tissues. Synaptic vesicles store neurotransmitters. They are located at presynaptic terminals in neurons. When a signal reaches the end of an axon, the synaptic vesicles fuse with the cell membrane and release the neurotransmitter. The neurotransmitter crosses the synaptic junction, and binds to a receptor on the next cell. Some cells also produce molecules, such as hormones produced by endocrine tissues, needed by other cells. These molecules are stored in secretory vesicles and released when needed. Secretory vesicles also hold enzymes needed to make extracellular structures, such as the extracellular matrix of animal cells.

medmcqa_665

medmcqa

Father of modern toxicology -

[ "Paracelsus", "Galton", "Orfila", "Guftason" ]

C

orfila is known as father of modern toxicology Ref: FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY Dr PC IGNATIUS THIRD EDITION PAGE 397

logicqa_2610

logicqa

According to the above definitions, which of the following is unrelated to photosynthesis?

[ "A seed grows into a towering tree.", "Cactus grows in a dry environment.", "Bacterial decomposition of plant residual leaves.", "Growth of farm corn." ]

C

Photosynthesis refers to the process in which chlorophyll of green plants synthesizes water and carbon dioxide into organic substances and expels oxygen under sunlight.

qasc_7029

qasc

What has a negative impact on people, animals and plants?

[ "steroids", "liver cancer", "disease", "influenza", "drought", "landfills", "deforestation", "bacteria" ]

F

Landfills have a negative impact on people, animals and plants.

logicqa_669

logicqa

As a counter-argument to the above view, Which of the following is the most powerful.

[ "Eating a bowl of noodles and adding some vinegar is necessary. But do you say that it is mainly noodles or vinegar?", "I have to unscrew the cap before I can drink water. Doesn't this mean that screwing the cap is a necessary step?", "The so-called \"rooster sings the white world\", but you can't always say that the white is sung by the rooster!", "When I wear shoes, I always wear my left foot first, then my right foot. Does this mean that the left foot is more important than the right foot?" ]

D

In a debate on "whether inheritance or innovation is more important", the protagonist and the protagonist had a fierce debate. The protagonist argued in his speech: "Sequence equals importance. ".

openbookqa_4531

openbookqa

What causes direct damage to the lungs?

[ "drinking alcohol", "consuming ignited tobacco", "eating feces", "swimming" ]

B

smoking causes direct damage to the lungs

openbookqa_3020

openbookqa

If the world has a universal temp increase, then

[ "ice chunks get small", "glaciers will grow larger", "water will stop existing", "things will be fun" ]

A

if the atmospheric temperature rises then the glaciers will melt

sciq_1095

sciq

Where do polychaete worms live?

[ "lakes", "digestive tract", "garden soil", "the ocean floor" ]

D

Polychaete worms live on the ocean floor. They may be sedentary filter feeders or active predators or scavengers. Active species crawl along the ocean floor in search of food.

piqa_302

piqa

How can I re-use a piano bench that I am thinking about selling?

[ "Turn it upside down and put a block of cement on it so a cat can sleep on it.", "Turn it upside down and put a pillow on it so a cat can sleep on it." ]

B

qasc_2543

qasc

What requires nutrients to grow?

[ "apples", "goats", "rocks", "dirt", "oak", "elms", "light", "grass" ]

F

elms require nutrients to grow

logicqa_4476

logicqa

Based on this, can it be launched?

[ "Don't pick Ding.", "Picking A.", "Not picking A.", "Picking Ding." ]

A

Jiangtian City Bureau of Finance decided to send a comrade to the rural areas to help the poor according to the instructions of the superiors. Many comrades such as A. B, C, D, and E of the Bureau of Finance actively registered and applied for the trip after knowing the news. According to the registration and the work needs of the Bureau The leaders of the bureau made the following decisions: (1) At least one person was selected from A and B; (2) At most one person was selected from B and C; (3) Among A and D At most one person is selected; (4) If Ding is selected, then C and E are indispensable.

openbookqa_4747

openbookqa

If you hear that its snowy outside, you can expect there to be

[ "an abundance of fire", "Absolutely zero snow outside", "a plethora of snow", "frogs falling from sky" ]

C

snowy means a large amount of snow

sciq_1601

sciq

Cancer cells take up glucose for what reason?

[ "food", "energy", "reproduction", "heating" ]

B

Despite its dangers, radioactivity has several uses. For example, it can be used to determine the ages of ancient rocks and fossils. It can also be used as a source of power to generate electricity. Radioactivity can even be used to diagnose and treat diseases, including cancer. Cancer cells grow rapidly and take up a lot of glucose for energy. Glucose containing radioactive elements can be given to patients. Cancer cells take up more of the glucose than normal cells do and give off radiation. The radiation can be detected with special machines like the one in the Figure below . The radiation may also kill cancer cells. You can learn more about medical uses of radiation at this URL: http://www. youtube. com/watch?v=v_8xM-mLxJ8.

medmcqa_6051

medmcqa

Which insulin is never mixed with other insulins?

[ "Utile", "Aspa", "Lispro", "Glargine" ]

D

Ans. is 'd' i.e., Glargine o All insulin preparations are supplied at neutral pH (7.2-7.4) except glargine (supplied at pH 4.0); therefore, glargine cannot be mixed with any insulin.

sciq_2339

sciq

What mammalian class has the greatest ability to learn?

[ "apes", "humans", "rats", "reptiles" ]

B

In many ways, humans are unique among mammals. For example, we have bigger brains and a greater ability to learn than any other species in the mammalian class. In many ways, however, we are typical of the mammalian order to which we belong. That order is the Primate Order. To fully understand what it means to be human, you need to know more about this fascinating order of mammals.

sciq_7028

sciq

What kind of radiation is observed in honeycreeper birds?

[ "symbiotic", "spontaneous", "destructive", "adaptive" ]

D

Figure 18.13 The honeycreeper birds illustrate adaptive radiation. From one original species of bird, multiple others evolved, each with its own distinctive characteristics.

sciq_7306

sciq

What is the equation of power released?

[ "amplitude x current", "voltage x current", "detonation x current", "uptake x current" ]

B

; Power released is equal to the voltage multiplied by the current.

logicqa_4529

logicqa

Based on this, can it be launched?

[ "E shares rose, F shares rose.", "E stocks do not rise, F stocks rise.", "E shares rose, F shares did not rise.", "E shares do not rise, F shares do not rise." ]

C

E shares and F shares do not rise at the same time; if F shares do not rise, then E shares rise; if E shares do not rise, F shares also do not rise.

qasc_6562

qasc

What is produced by female flower parents in the ovaries?

[ "seeds", "pollen", "sugar", "abcess", "honey", "H 2 O", "eggs", "nectar" ]

G

Female flower parents produce eggs inside the ovaries of flowers.

medmcqa_470

medmcqa

R-factor in bacteria is transferred by

[ "Transduction", "Transformation", "Conjugation", "Vertical transmission" ]

C

Conjugation Bacterial conjugation is the transfer of genetic material between bacteria through direct cell to cell contact or through a bridge- like the connection between two cells. Conjugation is a process whereby a donor (male) bacterium makes physical contact with a recipient (female) bacterium. Donor status is determined by the presence of plasmid. This plasmid codes for specialized fimbria (sex pilus) and for self-transfer. Sex pilus (conjugation tube) helps in transfer of genetic material from male bacterium to female bacterium. The plasmid is known as transfer factor (sex factor or fertility factor). The plasmid may be R factory which codes for transferrable multiple drug resistance. The DNA of the plasmid replicates during transfer so that each bacterium receives a copy → Recipient becomes a donor and the donor retains its donor status.

qasc_7704

qasc

Harm to the respiratory and circulatory systems can come from

[ "Greenhouse gases", "hydrocarbons", "Sulfur dioxide", "nitrogen oxides", "burning coal", "fossil fuels", "emissions", "Greenhouse gasses" ]

D

Nitrogen oxides harms the respiratory and circulatory systems.

sciq_4371

sciq

In how many basic was can substances cross the plasma membrane?

[ "two", "four", "three", "one" ]

A

If a cell were a house, the plasma membrane would be walls with windows and doors. Moving things in and out of the cell is an important role of the plasma membrane. It controls everything that enters and leaves the cell. There are two basic ways that substances can cross the plasma membrane: passive transport and active transport.

qasc_3248

qasc

green plants convert water, solar energy, and carbon dioxide into what

[ "stone", "carbohydrates", "soil", "Greenhouse gases", "Greenhouse gasses", "worms", "cellulose", "food and shelter" ]

B

green plants convert carbon dioxide, water, and solar energy into carbohydrates for themselves

sciq_3672

sciq

What do you call the relationship in which members of one species consume members of another species?

[ "exploitation", "competition", "parasitism", "predation" ]

D

Predation is a relationship in which members of one species consume members of another species. The consuming species is called the predator. The species that is consumed is called the prey. In Figure below , the wolves are predators, and the moose is their prey.

math_qa_4614

math_qa

the average of the marks of 10 students in a class is 80 . if the marks of each student are doubled , find the new average ?

[ "80 ", "120 ", "160 ", "270 ", "110" ]

C

"sum of the marks for the 10 students = 10 * 80 = 800 . the marks of each student are doubled , the sum also will be doubled . the new sum = 800 * 2 = 1600 . so , the new average = 1600 / 10 = 160 . answer : c"

medmcqa_691

medmcqa

Negative nitrogen balance is the characteristic feature of which phase of convalescence after surgery?

[ "Catabolic phase", "Anabolic phase", "Fat gain phase", "Tuning point phase" ]

A

sciq_4511

sciq

What kind of compounds are named for their positive metal ion first, followed by their negative nonmetal ion?

[ "magnetic compounds", "ionic compounds", "horizontal compounds", "magnetic compounds" ]

B

Ionic compounds are named for their positive metal ion first, followed by their negative nonmetal ion.

medmcqa_4236

medmcqa

Which of the following cells do not act as antigen presenting cells. ?

[ "T-cells", "B-cells", "Macrophages", "Osteoclasts" ]

A

Ans. is 'a' i.e., T-cellsNote - Osteoclast is a type of macrophage.

math_qa_5587

math_qa

oil cans x and y are right circular cylinders and the height and radius of y are each thrice those of x . if the oil in can x filled to capacity sells for $ 4 , how much does the oil in y sell for if y is only 1 / 3 rd filled ?

[ "$ 30 ", "$ 25 ", "$ 36 ", "$ 40 ", "$ 28" ]

C

"formula for vol of a cyl is pi * r ^ 2 * h so vy = 27 * vy y when 1 / 3 rd filled will cost 9 times x so ans is c"

openbookqa_675

openbookqa

A pod of dolphins is swimming while searching for food. The youngest dolphin swims away from the pod and is lost. The rest of the pod searches for the young dolphin by clicking into the water. The young dolphin is found because of

[ "echoes from noise", "vibrations from drums", "sound of water", "movement in air" ]

A

echolocation is when some animals detect objects by hearing echoes by emitting sound

qasc_4612

qasc

What can protect plants from cold?

[ "keratin", "habitat", "trees", "heat", "glass", "Light", "fibers", "peat" ]

E

glass can protect plants from cold

openbookqa_137

openbookqa

A lot of people think that volcanoes may only exist in tall mountains that tower above us, but a lot of volcanoes

[ "fall into the oceans", "are water leaking volcanoes", "erupt into the sea", "are found and erupt beneath the water" ]

D

volcanoes are often found under oceans

medmcqa_7179

medmcqa

Which of the following cement has most anticariogenic effect used while placing bands on molar to prevent caries?

[ "GIC", "Polycarboxylate", "Zinc phosphate", "Silicate" ]

A

GIC has fluoride releasing property and it also binds with the tooth chemically. So, it should be the cement of choice.

math_qa_4375

math_qa

three 6 faced dice are thrown together . the probability that exactly two dice show the same number on them is - .

[ "5 / 12 ", "4 / 13 ", "5 / 17 ", "3 / 12 ", "8 / 9" ]

A

"using question number 11 and 12 , we get the probability as 1 - ( 1 / 36 + 5 / 9 ) = 5 / 12 answer a"

medmcqa_1809

medmcqa

In a community of 5000 people, the crude bih rate is 30 per 1000 people. The number of pregnant female is?

[ "150", "65", "175", "200" ]

A

Crude Bih rate: Annual number of live bihs per 1000 mid year population Here, CBR is 30 per 1000 population So for 5000 population - 30/1000 x5000 = 150 That implies, no of pregnant women is 150 Ref: Park 25th edition Pgno : 532

medmcqa_7062

medmcqa

A patient with microcytic hypochromic anemia. Hb-9 g%, serum iron-20 microg/dl, ferritin level-800 ng/ml, transferrin percentage saturation is 64%. What is possible diagnosis?

[ "Atransferrinemia", "Iron deficiency anemia", "DMT 1 mutation", "Anemia of chronic disorder" ]

A

Ans. (a) Atransferrinemia(Ref: Wintrobe's 12th/pg814)This patient with microcytic hypochromic anemia, has high ferritin level (800ng/ml) & increased transferrin percentage saturation (64%). The most possible diagnosis is Atransferrinemia.AtransferrinemiaIt is a rare congenital autosomal recessive condition with low transferrin level in the body.So whatever transferrin is left, is saturated.It presents with hypochromic microcytic anemia, decreased serum levels of iron, TIBC, and increased serum level of ferritin (as iron absorption is markedly increased but iron transfer to eryrthropoetic tissues are reduced)High transferrin saturation (64% in this case) & high ferritin level, excludes Iron deficiency Anemia (option B excluded)In DMT 1 mutation, transferrin saturation is low (hence option C excluded)High transferrin saturation excludes Anemia of chronic disease (option D)

sciq_1667

sciq

Where do ectotherms get most of their heat?

[ "food", "internally", "metabolism", "external sources" ]

D

math_qa_1124

math_qa

what is the area of a square field whose diagonal of length 18 m ?

[ "120 sq m ", "250 sq m ", "200 sq m ", "180 sq m ", "100 sq m" ]

D

"d 2 / 2 = ( 18 * 18 ) / 2 = 180 answer : d"

sciq_118

sciq

What type of direction does a phase change depend on?

[ "power transfer", "heat transfer", "weight transfer", "humidity transfer" ]

B

Remember that a phase change depends on the direction of the heat transfer. If heat transfers in, solids become liquids, and liquids become solids at the melting and boiling points, respectively. If heat transfers out, liquids solidify, and gases condense into liquids.

qasc_1407

qasc

What requires a source of electricity to produce light?

[ "Broken light bulb.", "The sun.", "basic building blocks of life", "an electron microscope", "The source magazine.", "algae and plants", "the simplest of green plants", "An emergency lighting source." ]

H

Emergency lighting source requires a source of electricity to produce light.

qasc_515

qasc

Staying warm has a positive impact on an animal's chances to:

[ "die", "moves", "protect them", "cave", "fur", "Reproduction", "reproduce", "growth" ]

G

Staying warm has a positive impact on an animal's chances for reproduction.

logicqa_1897

logicqa

According to the definition above, Which of the following options do not involve electronic opposition:.

[ "Before the military exercise, the exercise command center conducts virus killing on the computers used in advance.", "The launch vehicle launches anti-radiation missiles at the enemy and shuts down its electronic equipment to avoid accidental strikes.", "Warships reduce the power of radar transmitting signals and set anti-radiation decoys in conflict areas.", "In order to counter the enemy's electronic interference, the headquarters decided to issue important instructions by a fixed telephone." ]

D

Electronic opposition is the various activities performed to prevent enemy or hostile electronic countermeasures from affecting the combat effectiveness of host equipment and personnel, so as to protect the host's combat power from damage. The main measures include electronic counter-scouting, Electronic anti-interference, anti-radiation destruction, anti-directional blinding and computer virus infection.

sciq_6934

sciq

What astronomical phenomenon, formed of split asteroids or planetary rocks, provides clues about our solar system?

[ "galaxies", "meteorites", "stars", "comets" ]

B

Meteorites provide clues about our solar system. Many were formed in the early solar system ( Figure below ). Some are from asteroids that have split apart. A few are rocks from nearby bodies like Mars. For this to happen, an asteroid smashed into Mars and sent up debris. A bit of the debris entered Earth’s atmosphere as a meteor.

qasc_1177

qasc

An ecosystem's what increases its productivity and stability

[ "elevation", "complexity", "Quality of life", "seasons", "seasonal changes", "Animal survival", "trees", "Plants growth" ]

B

An ecosystem's complexity increases its productivity and stability

openbookqa_4168

openbookqa

When the sun is set it is called what?

[ "sleep time", "noon", "morning", "dawn" ]

A

if it is night then the sun has set

medmcqa_5252

medmcqa

In a study following interpretation are obtained: Satisfied, Very satisfied, Dissatisfied. Which type of scale is this?

[ "Nominal", "Ordinal", "Interval", "Ratio" ]

B

Ans is 'b' i.e. Ordinal Repeat from All India 07, AIIMS May 2005, Nov. 2003Statistical data can be of two types -Qualitative data -Quantitative dataQualitative DataIn such data there is no notion of magnitude or size of the variables as they cannot be measuredVariables can be categorized according to some characteristics or quality.eg: Sex, occupation marital status, education level, vaccinated or not vaccinated, acquired the disease or not, died or cured, grades in the class.The qualitative data can be placed on 2 scales -NominalOrdinal.Nominal scaleNominal scale data are divided into qualitative categories or groups, such as male / female, black / white, died / cured, attacked/not attacked, vaccinated/not vaccinate, urban/sub urban/ruralThere is no implication of order or ratio, means that the data cannot be placed in a meaningful order.Ordinal ScaleHere the data can be placed into categories that can be rank ordered (eg. students may be ranked 1st / 2nd / 3rd / 4th in their class or into grades A/B/C, the activity of an animal can be rated on a scale of 1 to 6, hardness scale for water etc.)However, there is no information about the size of the interval ie no conclusion can be drawn about whether the difference between the first and second students is the same as the difference between the second and third.Variables in the form of mild, moderate and severe (or very satisfied, satisfied and dissatisfied) are analyzed by ordinal scale as they can be arranged in a meaningful order but there is no information about the size of the interval between them.Quantitative dataThe quantitative data have a magnitude ie they can be measured.Eg. - height, weight, blood pressure, serum cholesterol level, temperature, number of children in a family etc.Quantitative data can be measured on 2 scalesIntervalRatio scalesInterval scaleInterval scale data are like ordinal data in that they can be placed in a meaningful order; in addition, they have meaningful intervals between items, which can be measured.eg: Temperature on the Celsius scale (the difference between 80 degand 70deg is the same as between 40 degand 30 degCHowever, interval scale data do not have an absolute zero, ratios of the scores are not meaningful ie 80deg C of Celsius temperature is not twice as hot as 40degC because 0degC does not indicate a complete absence of heat.Ratio ScaleA ratio scale has the same properties as an interval scale, however, because it has an absolute zero, meaningful ratio do exist.eg. weights, time, blood pressure, temperature on the Kelvin scale (not Celsius scale) On the Kelvin scale, zero degrees indicate an absolute absence of heat, just as a zero pulse indicates an absolute absence of heartbeat. Thus we can say that 400 K is twice as hot as 200 K.Dichotomous Scale is a type of nominal scale in which nominal data fall into only two groups eg black / white, died / cured, failed / passed.

sciq_6101

sciq

What type of force always opposes the direction of motion?

[ "harmonic friction", "strong force", "kinetic friction", "binary friction" ]

C

Kinetic friction acts between two surfaces that are in contact and in motion with respect to each other. This force reduces the acceleration and it always opposes the direction of motion.

sciq_987

sciq

An electron in an atom is completely described by four of what?

[ "photosynthesis numbers", "prime bumbers", "quantum numbers", "decay numbers" ]

C

The Pauli Exclusion Principle An electron in an atom is completely described by four quantum numbers: n, l, ml, and ms. The first three quantum numbers define the orbital and the fourth quantum number describes the intrinsic electron property called spin. An Austrian physicist Wolfgang Pauli formulated a general principle that gives the last piece of information that we need to understand the general behavior of electrons in atoms. The Pauli exclusion principle can be formulated as follows: No two electrons in the same atom can have exactly the same set of all the four quantum numbers. What this means is that electrons can share the same orbital (the same set of the quantum numbers n, l, and ml), but only if their spin quantum numbers ms have different values. Since the spin quantum number can only have two values ⎛⎝± 1 ⎞⎠, no 2 more than two electrons can occupy the same orbital (and if two electrons are located in the same orbital, they must have opposite spins). Therefore, any atomic orbital can be populated by only zero, one, or two electrons. The properties and meaning of the quantum numbers of electrons in atoms are briefly summarized in Table 6.1.

piqa_1031

piqa

How do you get rid of hiccups?

[ "An effective method to curing hiccups: Take seven big swallows of water without taking a breath.", "An effective method to curing hiccups: Take seven small swallows of water without taking a breath." ]

A

sciq_751

sciq

Antibiotics only target prokaryotic cells - they do not affect fungi, which are not prokaryotic, but instead what?

[ "chloroplasts", "plants", "mammals", "eukaryotic" ]

D

Animal and Human Parasites and Pathogens Fungi can affect animals, including humans, in several ways. Fungi attack animals directly by colonizing and destroying tissues. Humans and other animals can be poisoned by eating toxic mushrooms or foods contaminated by fungi. In addition, individuals who display hypersensitivity to molds and spores develop strong and dangerous allergic reactions. Fungal infections are generally very difficult to treat because, unlike bacteria, fungi are eukaryotes. Antibiotics only target prokaryotic cells, whereas compounds that kill fungi also adversely affect the eukaryotic animal host. Many fungal infections ( mycoses) are superficial and termed cutaneous (meaning “skin”) mycoses. They are usually visible on the skin of the animal. Fungi that cause the superficial mycoses of the epidermis, hair, and nails rarely spread to the underlying tissue (Figure 13.26). These fungi are often misnamed “dermatophytes” from the Greek dermis skin and phyte plant, but they are not plants. Dermatophytes are also called “ringworms” because of the red ring that they cause on skin (although the ring is caused by fungi, not a worm). These fungi secrete extracellular enzymes that break down keratin (a protein found in hair, skin, and nails), causing a number of conditions such as athlete’s foot, jock itch, and other cutaneous fungal infections. These conditions are usually treated with over-the-counter topical creams and powders, and are easily cleared. More persistent, superficial mycoses may require prescription oral medications.

logicqa_2644

logicqa

Which of the following reasoning most closely resembles the problem? ?

[ "The older a person is, the more mature he becomes. Lao Zhang is older than his son, so Lao Zhang is more mature than his son.", "The higher the altitude, the thinner the air. Because the altitude of Xining is higher than that of Xi'an, the air in Xining is thinner than Xi'an.", "This year's marathon champion has better results than the previous year. Zhang Hua is this year's marathon champion, so his marathon results this year are better than his previous year.", "In a fiercely competitive market, the higher the product quality and the more county-level advertising investment, the greater the demand for the product. Company A invests more advertising costs than company B. Therefore, the demand for company A's products is higher than that for company B. The company's demand is high." ]

B

The longer the age of a tree, the more its annual rings. In the courtyard of Lao Zhang, the age of the locust tree is longer than that of the old Li family.

medmcqa_6437

medmcqa

Positive zone of enamel caries is the:

[ "Translucent zone", "Dark zone", "Body of the lesion", "Surface zone" ]

B

The dark zone This lies adjacent and superficial to the translucent zone. It has been referred to as the ‘positive zone’ because it is usually present. This zone is formed as a result of demineralization and appears dark brown in ground sections examined by transmitted light after imbibition with quinolone.

math_qa_1920

math_qa

the sale price of a trolley bag including the sale tax is rs . 420 . the rate of sale tax is 12 % . if the shopkeeper has made a profit of 25 % , the cost price of the trolley bag is :

[ "rs 625 ", "rs 300 ", "rs 350 ", "rs 375 ", "none of these" ]

B

explanation : 112 % of s . p . = 420 s . p . = rs . ( 420 x 100 / 112 ) = rs . 375 . c . p . = rs ( 100 / 125 x 375 ) = rs 300 answer : b

qasc_3036

qasc

What slows the transfer of heat?

[ "moss", "coat", "CFCs", "UV", "foil", "fur", "skin", "ice" ]

H

ice slows the transfer of heat

math_qa_2693

math_qa

a and b together can do a piece of work in 10 days . b alone can finish it in 20 days . in how many days can a alone finish the work ?

[ "20 ", "10 ", "15 ", "5 ", "7" ]

A

time taken by a to finish the work = xy / ( y - x ) = 10 x 20 / ( 20 - 10 ) = 200 / 10 = 20 days answer : a

sciq_5868

sciq

What is the process in which gases are exchanged between the body and the outside air?

[ "precipitation", "respiration", "ingestion", "metabolism" ]

B

Respiration is the process in which gases are exchanged between the body and the outside air. The lungs and other organs of the respiratory system bring oxygen into the body and release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

sciq_8637

sciq

Terrestrial biomes are determined mainly by what?

[ "landscape", "element", "climate", "population" ]

C

Terrestrial biomes are determined mainly by climate.

qasc_3730

qasc

What does goldenrod life cycle include?

[ "it keeps an organism warm", "sub-units of species", "produce offspring", "seed dispersal", "The flowers are pollinated", "alternation of generations", "that material's properties", "biological diversity" ]

F

Goldenrod life cycle includes alternation of generations.

math_qa_4463

math_qa

a cube of edge 15 cm is imersed completely in a rectangular vessel containing water . if the dimensions of the base of vessel are 20 cm * 15 cm , find the rise in waer level .

[ "11.25 cm .', '", "12.25 cm', '", "13.25 cm', '", "14.25 cm', '", "none of these']" ]

A

sol . increase in volume = volume of the cube = ( 15 * 15 * 15 ) cm ³ . ∴ rise in water level = [ volume / area ] = [ 15 * 15 * 15 / 20 * 15 ] cm = 11.25 cm . answer a

logicqa_4352

logicqa

Based on this, we can launch:.

[ "There must be a fake drug factory and sales network with huge production capacity.", "Suspect sells fake pills such as Jiuxin Pill.", "Some socially harmful criminal activities include the sale of counterfeit medicines with a high level of craftsmanship.", "The dens selling fake medicines should be destroyed as soon as possible." ]

A

Because the suspect sells counterfeit drug administration shops, it involves a wide range and has great social harm. Especially for emergency medicines like Jiuxin Pill, once the patient makes counterfeit medicine in Sichuan, the consequences are disastrous. A public security bureau found through investigation that those counterfeit medicines are not only the manufacturing process and packaging level are high, and most of them are well-known well-known brands in the current market. The sales volume is close to the production cost.

medmcqa_6649

medmcqa

Anemia of chronic disease is characterised by

[ "Increased sideroblast", "Increased TIBC", "Increased bone marrow iron", "Increased protoporphyrin" ]

C

(Ref: Robbins 8/e p662) Anemia of chronic disease- Impaired red cell production associated with any chronic diseases that would be infectious/inflammatory/neoplastic. Chronic diseases produce a cytokine “IL-6” that increases the production of hepcidin from liver. Hepcidin inhibits ferroportin function in macrophages and reduces the transfer of iron from storage pool to developing erythroid precursors in bone marrow. So the patient develop anemia irrespective of increased amount of iron in macrophages. Laboratory findings- Increased ferritin (storage iron), Low serum iron and reduced total iron binding capacity. Whereas in iron deficiency anemia, the patient will have decreased ferritin, lowserum iron and high iron binding capacity.

medmcqa_6074

medmcqa

Anti androgen used in hea failure ?

[ "Carvedilol", "Sampatrilat", "Spironolactone", "Abiraterone" ]

C

Ans. is 'c' i.e., Spironolactone o Spironolactone and eplerenone are the aldosterone antagonists. They are used as potassium sparing diuretics. Their diurectic effect is quite feeble, but in CHF these drugs reduce the moality (at doses lower than diuretic doses) by antagonizing the effect of aldosterone (reversal of remodelling). Spironolactone also possesses anti- androgenic effects.

openbookqa_645

openbookqa

Humans are able to eat

[ "only meat products and byproducts", "exclusively grains and fruits", "a full assortment of food groups including meat, grains, and vegetables", "sea life and only green vegetables" ]

C

omnivores eat plants

medmcqa_2105

medmcqa

Immunostimulant used for the treatment of malignant melanoma is :

[ "Levamisole", "BCG", "Aldesleukin", "Methotrexate" ]

C

It is a recombinant IL-2 used for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma.

logicqa_6879

logicqa

The text is intended to show that my country:.

[ "The scope of national defense should be expanded.", "National Defense faces a severe development crisis.", "New challenges in the field of traditional security.", "The strategy of defense theater must conform to the requirements of the times." ]

D

For a long time, due to China's defensive national defense policy, in the design of theater space, it is basically based on local and offshore defenses, and it is built in accordance with the model of "guarding the territory and defending the territory. " The military tentacles rarely extend beyond the territory. The crisis of development will be far greater than the crisis of survival. To meet the new requirements for maintaining national security and development interests, peripheral, overseas, and new security areas should be included in the theater's strategic scope, and the theater's mission functions should be further expanded to make it more outward-looking. Openness and enthusiasm. Especially with the rapid development of multipolarization, globalization and informatization, the national traditional security field has begun to expand into space, network, information, electromagnetic and other fields. Space expansion and extension, focusing on forming a strong and powerful multi-dimensional three-dimensional theater space situation.

medmcqa_6499

medmcqa

Not useful for acute Hypercalcemia?

[ "Normal saline", "Calcitonin", "Furosemide", "Bisphosphonates" ]

C

Ans. is 'c' i.e., Furosemide Treatment for hypercalcemia depends upono The underlying disease.o The severity of hypercalcemia.o The serum inorganic phosphate level ando The renal hepatic and bone marrow function. o Mild hvpercalcemias< 3 mmol/l (12 mg/dl)-Managed by hydration aloneo More severe hvoercalcemia3.2 to 3.7 mmol/l (13 to 15 mg/dl)-Requires rapid correction measures other than hydration.It requires combination of approaches.o Life threatening hypercalcemia>3.7 mmol/L (15 mg/dL)-Requires emergency measures TreatementOnset of ActionDuration of ActionAdvantagesDisadvantagesMost Useful Therapies Hydration with salineHoursDuring infusionRehydration invariably neededVolume overloadForced diuresis; saline plus loop diureticHoursDuring treatmentRapid actionVolume overload, cardiac decompensation, intesive monitoring, eletrolyte disturbance, inconvenienceBisphosphonates Pamidronate1-2 days10-14 days to weeksHigh potency, intermediate onset of actionFever in 20%, hypophosphatemia, hypocalcemia rarely jaw necrosisZolendronate1-2 days> 3 weeksSame as for pamidronate (may last longer)Same as pamidronate aboveCalcitoninHours1-2 daysRapid onset of action; useful as adjunct in severe hypercalcemiaRapid tachyphylaxisSpecial Use therapies PhosphateOral24 hDuring useChronic management (with hypophosphatemia); low toxicity if P< 4 mg/dLLimited use except as adjuvant or chronic therapyGlucocorticoidsDaysDays, weeksOral therapy, antitumor agentActive only in certain malignancies vitamin D excess and sarcoidosis; glucocorticoid side effectsDialysisHoursDuring use and 24-48 afterwardUseful in renal failure; onset of effect in hours; can immediately reverse life-theratening hypercalcemiaComplex procedure, reserved for extreme or special circumstances

medmcqa_3635

medmcqa

Nerve injured in fracture of medial epicondyle of humerus -

[ "Anterior interosseous", "Median", "Ulnar", "Radial" ]

C

Ans. is 'c' i.e., UlnarSite of injuryNerve injuredFracture surgical neck humerusAxillary nerveFracture shaft humerusRadial nerveSupracondylar fractureMedian nerve (anterior interosseous branch)Medial epicondyle fractureUlnar nervePosterior dislocation of HIPSciatic nerveFibular neck fractureCommon peroneal nerve

piqa_1613

piqa

jar

[ "can by sealed by tape and used to store things.", "can by sealed by rags and used to store things." ]

A

piqa_1117

piqa

Create a drip catcher for ice cream bar.

[ "Put coffee cup lid under ice cream stick.", "Put coffee cup lid over ice cream stick." ]

A

sciq_7859

sciq

What do we call the cartilaginous structure that surrounds the notochrod?

[ "osteocytes", "membrane", "clavicle", "arcualia" ]

D

distinctly differ from the adult form, spending 3 to 15 years as suspension feeders. Once they attain sexual maturity, the adults reproduce and die within days. Lampreys possess a notochord as adults; however, this notochord is surrounded by a cartilaginous structure called an arcualia, which may resemble an evolutionarily early form of the vertebral column.

math_qa_6404

math_qa

the mean of 30 values was 150 . it was detected on rechecking that one value 165 was wrongly copied as 135 for the computation of the mean . find the correct mean .

[ "151 ", "149 ", "152 ", "148 ", "none of the above" ]

A

"corrected mean = 150 × 30 − 135 + 165 / 30 = 4500 − 135 + 165 / 30 = 4530 / 30 = 151 answer a"

medmcqa_5646

medmcqa

Which among the following appears as spinal cord edema in MRI scan?

[ "Myelodysplasia", "Spinal cord infarctions", "Myeloschisis", "Cord tumors" ]

B

Most spinal cord infarctions are detected by MRI. After a few days, there are obvious lesions on the T2 sequences, presumably reflecting edema that extends over several levels. There may be slight enhancement after infusion of gadolinium. MRI taken in the first hours or day is often normal. In the chronic stages, the infarcted region collapses and has an attenuated signal on MRI. Ref: Ropper A.H., Samuels M.A. (2009). Chapter 44. Diseases of the Spinal Cord. In A.H. Ropper, M.A. Samuels (Eds), Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology, 9e.

medmcqa_5857

medmcqa

Only mycobacteria which produces exotoxin -

[ "M. tuberculosis", "M. Ajarinum", "M. Ulcerans", "M.Bavis" ]

C

Ans. is 'c' i.e., M. Ulcerans * Buruli ulcer is caused by M. ulcerans.* It is the only mycobacteria producing a toxin.

medmcqa_6075

medmcqa

Who is ASHA?

[ "Worker of a Non-Governmental Organization", "Community level voluntary worker for health", "Government health worker", "Helper of anganwadi" ]

B

Ans: B (Community level voluntary worker for heath) Ref: Park 22nd editionExplanation: ASHA (Accredited social health activist) are involved in health care of community under the National Rural Health Mission. Accredited social health activists (ASHAs) are community health workers instituted by the Government of India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) as part of the National Rural Health Mission (NRMM The mission began in 2005; full implementation was targeted for 2012. Once fully implemented, there is to be "an ASHA in every village" in India, a target that translates into 250.000 ASHAs in 10 states.Roles and ResponsibilitiesASHAs are local women trained to act as health educators and promoters in their communities. Their tasks include;Motivating women to give birth in hospitals.Bringing children to immunization clinics.Encouraging family planning (e.g., surgical sterilization).Treating basic illness.Injury with first aid.Keeping demographic records.Improving village sanitation.ASHAs are also meant to serve as a key communication mechanism between the healthcare system and rural populations.SelectionASHAs must primarily be female residents of the village that they have been selected to serve, who are likely to remain in that village for the foreseeable future.Married, widowed or divorced women are preferred over women who have yet to marry since Indian cultural norms dictate that upon marriage a woman leaves her village and migrates to that of her husband.ASHAs must have class eight education or higher, preferably be between the ages of 25 and 45, and are selected by and accountable to the gram panchayat (local government).If there is no suitable literate candidate, a semiliterate woman with a formal education lower than eighth standard, may be selected.RemunerationAlthough ASHAs are considered volunteers, they receive outcome-based remuneration and financial compensation for training days.For example, if an ASHA facilitates an institutional delivery she receives Rs. 600 and the mother receives Rs. 1400.ASHAs also receive Rs. 150 for each child completing an immunization session and Rs. 150 for each individual who undergoes family planning.

logicqa_2406

logicqa

Which of the following can best refute the above argument?

[ "Slower train speeds in the north of the country.", "There are many more train lines in the south of the country than in the north.", "Many lines in the south of the country already use EMUs.", "Most of the northern part of the country is mountainous and is more suitable for car driving." ]

B

Statistics show that train accidents in a country mostly occur in the southern region, so it is safer to travel by train in the northern region.

piqa_2576

piqa

How can I spray water in hard to reach spots?

[ "Duct tape a hose bib and hose to a long handled broom or any long handle.", "Duct tape a hose nozzle and hose to a long handled broom or any long handle." ]

B

qasc_6633

qasc

What things have positive impact on plants?

[ "pollution", "wind and animals", "hormones", "shockwaves", "food and shelter", "organic molecules", "hydrogen and oxygen", "granuloma" ]

B

Winds and animals have a positive impact on plants

logicqa_5822

logicqa

In this passage, "collision and fusion of language" means?

[ "Absorption of one language by another.", "Different languages interact with each other and absorb each other.", "Take the essence of foreign words and remove the dross.", "Keep the essence of the native language and absorb the reasonable elements of the foreign language." ]

D

The collision and fusion of language and language is part of culture and cultural interaction. Today, this kind of communication in the world is becoming more frequent and quicker. From the perspective of a language, it always has to maintain the essence of the past and Absorb external factors, otherwise there is no way to convey new reality.

logicqa_2177

logicqa

To make the above scientists' ideas work, which of the following needs to be added as the premise most?

[ "niversal scientific knowledge on climate change worldwide.", "overnments introduce effective policies to control CO2 emissions.", "cientific community integrates resources to support the development of geoengineering technology.", "Mechanisms can be established to effectively recover and store CO2." ]

D

If the cumulative amount of CO2 emitted to the atmosphere exceeds 3.200 billion tons, then by the end of this century, the threshold for controlling the temperature rise to within 20 degrees will not be maintained. Some scientists believe that in order to achieve the goal of controlling the temperature rise within 20 degrees, Limiting CO2 emissions is not enough. It is necessary to carry out large-scale atmospheric CO2 recovery operations worldwide to effectively control and mitigate the degree of atmospheric pollution.

sciq_2656

sciq

What is the active ingredient in cloves?

[ "thiamine", "nicotine", "eugenol", "methyl" ]

C

Eugenol, the active ingredient in cloves, has the formula C 10 H 12 O 2 . Eugenol is a molecular substance that does not dissociate into ions when dissolved in a solvent. What is the boiling point of a solution in which 0.144 g of eugenol is dissolved in 10.0 g benzene? The k b value for benzene is 2.53 °C/ m , and the boiling point of pure benzene is 80.1 °C.

piqa_3628

piqa

How can you restore and repair small dents in wood (Like a wood floor)?

[ "Put a little water in the dent, then lay a moist towel over the it then heat up your iron (like clothing iron) and then move it over the towel in circles, pressing down on it for a few minutes. The heat and water should rehydrate the wood, allowing it to puff back up.", "Put a little water in the dent, then lay a moist towel over the it then heat up your iron (like clothing iron) and then move it over the towel in circles, holding it above your head while you do, for a few minutes. The heat and water should rehydrate the wood, allowing it to puff back up." ]

A

sciq_3944

sciq

The primary nitrogenous waste material secreted by ureotelic animals is what substance?

[ "ammonia", "nitrate", "urea", "carbon" ]

C

invertebrates produce uric acid. Animals that secrete urea as the primary nitrogenous waste material are called ureotelic animals.

math_qa_4535

math_qa

a certain company reported that the revenue on sales increased 40 % from 2000 to 2003 , and increased 60 % from 2000 to 2005 . what was the approximate percent increase in revenue for this store from 2003 to 2005 ?

[ "50 % ", "40 % ", "14 % ", "32 % ", "29 %" ]

C

"assume the revenue in 2000 to be 100 . then in 2003 it would be 140 and and in 2005 160 , so from 2003 to 2005 it increased by ( 160 - 140 ) / 140 = 20 / 140 = 1 / 7 = ~ 14 % . answer : c"

math_qa_5857

math_qa

a and b start from house at 10 am . they travel on the mg road at 20 kmph and 40 kmph . there is a junction t on their path . a turns left at t junction at 12 : 00 noon , b reaches t earlier , and turns right . both of them continue to travel till 2 pm . what is the distance between a and b at 2 pm

[ "160 km ", "170 km ", "180 km ", "190 km ", "150 km" ]

A

at 12 a will travel = 20 * 2 = 40 km b will travel this 40 km in 40 / 40 = 1 hr i . e . by 11 am . after t junction for a - distance travelled = 2 * 20 = 40 km for b distance travelled = 40 * 3 = 120 so distance between a & b is = 120 + 40 = 160 km answer : a

math_qa_5037

math_qa

set a contains all the even numbers between 2 and 50 inclusive . set b contains all the even numbers between 102 and 150 inclusive . what is the difference between the sum of elements of set b and the sum of the elements of set a ?

[ "2500 ", "2550 ", "5050 ", "6275 ", "11325" ]

A

"set a contains 2,4 , 6 . . . 50 set b contains 102 , 104 , 106 . . . 150 number of terms in each set = 25 difference between corresponding terms in set a and b = 100 difference between sum of set b and set a = 100 * 25 = 2500 answer a"