Scientific RAG Benchmark Collection-NIPS2026
Collection
A collection of evaluation datasets for benchmarking RAG pipelines and large language models on domain-specific scientific question answering tasks. • 6 items • Updated
domain stringclasses 8
values | session_id stringlengths 22 41 | scenario_type stringclasses 1
value | turn_index int64 1 1 | question_id stringlengths 15 34 | question stringlengths 61 311 | golden_answer stringlengths 8 931 | doi stringlengths 17 32 ⌀ | sources stringlengths 6 1.13k ⌀ | modifications stringclasses 23
values | contrast_doi null |
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Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_1 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q1 | What silver precursor concentrations are reported for biological synthesis of AgNPs? | 0.1 mM AgNO₃; 1 mM AgNO₃; 10 mM AgNO₃; 0.1 M AgNO₃ | 10.2147/IDR.S234425 | "Ten mL of previous prepared Ulva fasciata aqueous extract was added slowly to 90 mL of freshly prepared 0.1 mm of AgNO3 with stirring and heating at 40°C for 30 mins until the color change to brown." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_1 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q1 | What silver precursor concentrations are reported for biological synthesis of AgNPs? | 0.1 mM AgNO₃; 1 mM AgNO₃; 10 mM AgNO₃; 0.1 M AgNO₃ | 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00167 | "Briefly, 20 mL of ACL was added to 500 mL conical flasks containing 200 mL of 1 mM AgNO3 and stirred continuously at room temperature until the solution became reddish brown." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_1 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q1 | What silver precursor concentrations are reported for biological synthesis of AgNPs? | 0.1 mM AgNO₃; 1 mM AgNO₃; 10 mM AgNO₃; 0.1 M AgNO₃ | 10.1038/s41598-022-19698-0 | "the supernatant was mixed with a 10 mM silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution (Sigma-Aldrich, USA, 99.9%) (1:1, v/v) and incubated at 35 °C in the dark for one day." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_1 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q1 | What silver precursor concentrations are reported for biological synthesis of AgNPs? | 0.1 mM AgNO₃; 1 mM AgNO₃; 10 mM AgNO₃; 0.1 M AgNO₃ | 10.2147/IJN.S49284 | "About 200 mL of mycelia-free fungal cultural filtrate containing 0.1 M precursor salt AgNO3 was taken in a 500 mL Erlenmeyer flask." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_2 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q2 | What tests are reported for evaluating antibacterial activity or bacterial damage caused by AgNPs against Escherichia coli? | MIC assay; checkerboard/FIC assay; disk-diffusion assay; membrane permeability assay; metabolic activity / viability assay | 10.3390/antibiotics11091219 | "the potential synergy between AgNPs and different antimicrobials was investigated against a wild-type (E. coli) strain and three AMR clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae using the checkerboard method and the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index" | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_2 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q2 | What tests are reported for evaluating antibacterial activity or bacterial damage caused by AgNPs against Escherichia coli? | MIC assay; checkerboard/FIC assay; disk-diffusion assay; membrane permeability assay; metabolic activity / viability assay | 10.2147/IDR.S234425 | "The antimicrobial effect of metal-nanoparticles (AgNPs and ZnONPS) and in combination with antibiotics was studied using the normal disc-diffusion method." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_2 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q2 | What tests are reported for evaluating antibacterial activity or bacterial damage caused by AgNPs against Escherichia coli? | MIC assay; checkerboard/FIC assay; disk-diffusion assay; membrane permeability assay; metabolic activity / viability assay | 10.3389/fmicb.2021.750556 | "We used nitrocefin (Calbiochem-Novabiochem, United States), a substrate for periplasmic β-lactamase, as a marker of outer membrane permeability (the pink product of the reaction was monitored at 486 nm) and ONPG (o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactoside, Sigma, United States), a substrate for cytoplasmic β-galactosidase, as a pr... | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_3 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q3 | What types of polymer coatings or stabilizing polymer layers are reported for AgNPs used in antimicrobial activity experiments? | Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP); polyvinyl alcohol (PVA); gelatin | 10.1371/journal.pone.0224904 | "Argovit AgNPs were obtained from Vector Vita Ltd (Novosibirsk, Russia). They were stabilized using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_3 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q3 | What types of polymer coatings or stabilizing polymer layers are reported for AgNPs used in antimicrobial activity experiments? | Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP); polyvinyl alcohol (PVA); gelatin | 10.3390/antibiotics11091205 | Table 4 | multimodal: table | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_3 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q3 | What types of polymer coatings or stabilizing polymer layers are reported for AgNPs used in antimicrobial activity experiments? | Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP); polyvinyl alcohol (PVA); gelatin | 10.3389/fmicb.2021.750556 | "the prospect of introducing antimicrobial peptides or small antimicrobial proteins into the gelatinized coating of AgNPs." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_4 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q4 | What dyes, chromogenic substrates, or reporter probes are reported for evaluating bacterial viability, membrane damage, ROS generation, or potassium leakage in AgNP antibacterial assays? | Nitrocefin; ONPG; resazurin / alamarBlue; luminol; DCFH-DA; PBFI; propidium iodide | 10.3389/fmicb.2021.750556 | "We used nitrocefin (Calbiochem-Novabiochem, United States), a substrate for periplasmic β-lactamase, as a marker of outer membrane permeability (the pink product of the reaction was monitored at 486 nm) and ONPG (o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactoside, Sigma, United States), a substrate for cytoplasmic β-galactosidase, as a pr... | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_4 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q4 | What dyes, chromogenic substrates, or reporter probes are reported for evaluating bacterial viability, membrane damage, ROS generation, or potassium leakage in AgNP antibacterial assays? | Nitrocefin; ONPG; resazurin / alamarBlue; luminol; DCFH-DA; PBFI; propidium iodide | 10.2147/IJN.S246484 | "Detection of reactive oxygen species was based on the chemiluminescence of luminol." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_4 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q4 | What dyes, chromogenic substrates, or reporter probes are reported for evaluating bacterial viability, membrane damage, ROS generation, or potassium leakage in AgNP antibacterial assays? | Nitrocefin; ONPG; resazurin / alamarBlue; luminol; DCFH-DA; PBFI; propidium iodide | 10.1038/srep29982 | "To detect the ROS formation, we used the fluorescent reporter dye 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (Sigma, Bengaluru, India) at a concentration of 5 mM and used a spectrofluorometer (Shimadzu) to measure excitation at a wavelength of 490 nm and emission at 515 nm. The assessment of the potassium ions present i... | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_4 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q4 | What dyes, chromogenic substrates, or reporter probes are reported for evaluating bacterial viability, membrane damage, ROS generation, or potassium leakage in AgNP antibacterial assays? | Nitrocefin; ONPG; resazurin / alamarBlue; luminol; DCFH-DA; PBFI; propidium iodide | 10.1371/journal.pone.0224904 | "The cells were stained with alamarBlue cell viability reagent (Thermo Scientific) and 75 nM of propidium iodide." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_5 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q5 | What UV–Visible or SPR peak wavelengths are reported for biologically synthesized AgNPs? | 412 nm; 420 nm; 450 nm; 400–470 nm | 10.1038/s41598-022-19698-0 | "The reaction mixture’s UV–visible absorption spectra (in the range of 300–800 nm) reveal a strong, single, and intense absorption peak at 412 nm associated with colloidal Ag NPs." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_5 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q5 | What UV–Visible or SPR peak wavelengths are reported for biologically synthesized AgNPs? | 412 nm; 420 nm; 450 nm; 400–470 nm | 10.2147/IDR.S234425 | "The Ag-NPs and ZnO-NPs dispersed in deionized water were observed for their surface plasmon resonance at 420 and 280 nm, respectively." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_5 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q5 | What UV–Visible or SPR peak wavelengths are reported for biologically synthesized AgNPs? | 412 nm; 420 nm; 450 nm; 400–470 nm | 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00167 | "The biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry with surface plasmon resonance at 450 nm" | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_5 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q5 | What UV–Visible or SPR peak wavelengths are reported for biologically synthesized AgNPs? | 412 nm; 420 nm; 450 nm; 400–470 nm | 10.2147/IJN.S49284 | "ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, which showed AgNP peaks of around 400–470 nm." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_6 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q6 | What XRD 2θ peaks are reported for AgNPs in biological synthesis papers? | 38.037°; 44.205°; 64.344° | 10.1038/s41598-022-19698-0 | "The Ag NPs showed some typical diffraction peaks at 2θ of about 38.037°, 44.205°, and 64.344°" | constraints: theme | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_6 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q6 | What XRD 2θ peaks are reported for AgNPs in biological synthesis papers? | 38.037°; 44.205°; 64.344° | 10.2147/IJN.S49284 | "X-ray diffraction spectra revealed peaks of different intensities with respect to angle of diffractions (2θ) corresponding to varying configurations of AgNPs." | constraints: theme | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_7 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q7 | What AgNP size values are reported for antimicrobial testing against Staphylococcus epidermidis? | 10 nm; 20 nm; 40 nm; 60 nm; 100 nm; 20–40 nm | 10.3390/nano10051010 | Table 1 | multimodal: table | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_7 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q7 | What AgNP size values are reported for antimicrobial testing against Staphylococcus epidermidis? | 10 nm; 20 nm; 40 nm; 60 nm; 100 nm; 20–40 nm | 10.2147/IJN.S246484 | "Tween-stabilized silver nanoparticles (diameter 20–40 nm established by TEM - transmission electron microscopy)" | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_8 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q8 | What Staphylococcus epidermidis strains are reported in AgNP MIC, MBIC, or viability assays in study conducted by Swolana et al? | ATCC 12228; ATCC 35983; ATCC 35984 | 10.3390/nano10051010 | "S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, a strain that does not have phenotype biofilm-forming ability, S. epidermidis ATCC 35983, a strain possessing moderate biofilm-forming ability and having genes of operon icaADBC, and S. epidermidis ATCC 35984, a strain with substantial biofilm-generating ability and possessing genes of opero... | constraints: source | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_9 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q9 | What Staphylococcus epidermidis clinical isolate IDs are reported in the silver nanoparticle–gentamicin checkerboard assay? | K/8605/12
K/4042/16
K/8399/12
K/15/928
K/15/323
K/15/534
K/15/428
K/15/420
K/16/3882 | 10.2147/IJN.S246484 | Table 1 | multimodal: table | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_10 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q10 | What crystal violet concentrations are reported in AgNP-related biofilm assays? | 0.1%; 1% | 10.1038/srep29982 | "sessile adherent bacteria were fixed using 2% sodium acetate, 0.1% crystal violet stain." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_10 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q10 | What crystal violet concentrations are reported in AgNP-related biofilm assays? | 0.1%; 1% | 10.3390/nano10051010 | "150 µL of 1% crystal violet (MERC/Sigma-Aldrich—Darmstadt, Germany) was added to each well in order to stain the biofilm." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_11 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q11 | What temperatures are reported for AgNP synthesis in papers published after 2020 using chemical or biological preparation routes? | 35 °C; 60 °C; 100 °C | 10.1038/s41598-022-19698-0 | "the supernatant was mixed with a 10 mM silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution (Sigma-Aldrich, USA, 99.9%) (1:1, v/v) and incubated at 35 °C in the dark for one day. After obtaining the Ag NPs, they were dried overnight at 60 °C" | constraints: temporal, theme | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_11 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q11 | What temperatures are reported for AgNP synthesis in papers published after 2020 using chemical or biological preparation routes? | 35 °C; 60 °C; 100 °C | 10.2147/IJN.S246484 | "Briefly, silver salt solution prepared by dissolving [SEP] 50 mg of AgNO3 in 0.2 mL of deionized water was [SEP] mixed with 2 mL of Tween 80 and incubated at 100°C for 72 [SEP] hours." | constraints: temporal, theme | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_11 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q11 | What temperatures are reported for AgNP synthesis in papers published after 2020 using chemical or biological preparation routes? | 35 °C; 60 °C; 100 °C | 10.3389/fbioe.2021.652362 | "The reaction was kept at room temperature in the dark for 48 h until a stable dark color developed." | constraints: temporal, theme | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_12 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q12 | What assay wavelengths are reported for probe-based E. coli membrane damage or viability measurements in AgNP studies? | 420 nm; 486 nm; 560/590 nm; 405/488 nm excitation lasers | 10.3389/fmicb.2021.750556 | "the pink product of the reaction was monitored at 486 nm and ONPG (o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactoside, Sigma, United States), a substrate for cytoplasmic β-galactosidase, as a probe for inner membrane integrity (hydrolytic release of o-nitrophenyl results in a yellow color detectable at 420 nm). Fluorescence intensity was ... | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_12 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q12 | What assay wavelengths are reported for probe-based E. coli membrane damage or viability measurements in AgNP studies? | 420 nm; 486 nm; 560/590 nm; 405/488 nm excitation lasers | 10.1371/journal.pone.0224904 | "The cells were stained with alamarBlue cell viability reagent (Thermo Scientific) and 75 nM of propidium iodide. Cells were incubated at 37˚C for 1 h and analyzed by flow cytometry with a violet and blue laser emitting at λ = 405 and 488 nm, respectively." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_13 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q13 | What wavelengths are reported for resazurin / alamarBlue-based viability or metabolic assays in AgNP antibacterial studies? | 560/590 nm; 570 nm; 600 nm | 10.3389/fmicb.2021.750556 | "Fluorescence intensity was measured at 590 nm, with excitation at 560 nm" | constraints: theme | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_13 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q13 | What wavelengths are reported for resazurin / alamarBlue-based viability or metabolic assays in AgNP antibacterial studies? | 560/590 nm; 570 nm; 600 nm | 10.3390/nano10051010 | "Figure 3. Changes of absorbance in Alamar Blue test for the strain S. epidermidis ATCC 35983, exposed to the activity of nanosilver particles with sizes of 10 nm and a concentration of 7 µg/mL between the 12th and 24th hour (λ = 600 nm)." | constraints: theme | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_14 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q14 | What antibiotics are reported specifically in AgNP checkerboard or FIC assays conducted between 2020 and 2022? | Kanamycin; colistin; rifampicin; vancomycin; gentamicin; ciprofloxacin | 10.3390/antibiotics11091219 | "using a combination therapy of AgNPs and conventional antimicrobial agents of different classes (and hence different mechanisms of antimicrobial action), including ampicillin, kanamycin, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, colistin, and rifampicin" | constraints: temporal | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_14 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q14 | What antibiotics are reported specifically in AgNP checkerboard or FIC assays conducted between 2020 and 2022? | Kanamycin; colistin; rifampicin; vancomycin; gentamicin; ciprofloxacin | 10.2147/IJN.S246484 | "Synergistic bactericidal activity of gentamicin and silver nanoparticles stabilized with non-ionic detergent (Tween 80) was tested by the checkerboard titration method on microtiter plates." | constraints: temporal | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_15 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q15 | What antibiotics are reported specifically in AgNP disk-diffusion combination assays carried out in 2020? | Ciprofloxacin; imipenem; trimethoprim; gentamycin; vancomycin, azithromycin; cefotaxime; cefuroxime; fosfomycin; chloramphenicol; oxytetracycline | 10.2147/IJN.S49284 | "Antibiotics were selected from five groups having a different mode of action, including imipenem (carbapenem), trimethoprim (sulfonamide), gentamycin (aminoglycoside), vancomycin (glycopeptide), and ciprofloxacin (quinolone)." | constraints: temporal | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_15 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q15 | What antibiotics are reported specifically in AgNP disk-diffusion combination assays carried out in 2020? | Ciprofloxacin; imipenem; trimethoprim; gentamycin; vancomycin, azithromycin; cefotaxime; cefuroxime; fosfomycin; chloramphenicol; oxytetracycline | 10.2147/IDR.S234425 | "The synergistic effect of antibiotics (azithromycin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, fosfomycin and chloramphenicol) against E. coli was significantly increased in the presence of AgNPs compared to antibiotic only. The synergistic effect of antibiotics (azithromycin, oxacillin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, fosfomycin and oxytetrac... | constraints: temporal | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_16 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q16 | What antibiotics are reported specifically in AgNP combinatorial microplate or broth assays? | Chloramphenicol; kanamycin; ampicillin; biapenem; aztreonam; biapenem; gentamicin | 10.1371/journal.pone.0224904 | "We selected chloramphenicol (Cm), kanamycin (Km), ampicillin (Amp), aztreonam (Azm) and biapenem (Bpm)." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_16 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q16 | What antibiotics are reported specifically in AgNP combinatorial microplate or broth assays? | Chloramphenicol; kanamycin; ampicillin; biapenem; aztreonam; biapenem; gentamicin | 10.2147/IJN.S246484 | "To evaluate the MIC value of gentamicin in combination with SNPs, the antimicrobial activity of antibiotic and silver nanoparticles was investigated by checkerboard titration method on 96-well microtiter plates." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_17 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q17 | What antibiotics are reported specifically in AgNP pharmacodynamic or ROS-associated interaction assays? | Cefazolin; mupirocin; gentamycin; neomycin; tetracycline; vancomycin; gentamicin | 10.1038/srep29982 | "topical antibiotics such as Cefazolin (CEF), Mupirocin (MUP), Gentamycin (GEN), Neomycin (NEO), Tetracycline (TET), Vancomycin (VAN) were investigated" | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_17 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q17 | What antibiotics are reported specifically in AgNP pharmacodynamic or ROS-associated interaction assays? | Cefazolin; mupirocin; gentamycin; neomycin; tetracycline; vancomycin; gentamicin | 10.2147/IJN.S246484 | "Tween-stabilized silver nanoparticles in combination with gentamicin exhibited bactericidal activity against multidrug-resistant biofilm forming clinical strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_18 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q18 | What concentrations of 10 - 20 nm AgNPs are explicitly reported in Staphylococcus epidermidis viability or MBIC-related experiments? | 1–7 µg/mL; 7 µg/mL; 9 µg/mL | 10.3390/nano10051010 | The viability of S. epidermidis was also determined, under exposure to AgNPs, with sizes of 10 nm and at concentrations of 1–7 µg/mL, over a time from 12 to 24 h, expressed as the reduction rate of resazurin, for three standard strains: S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, S. epidermidis ATCC 35983, and S. epidermidis ATCC 35984... | negative: conflicting | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_18 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q18 | What concentrations of 10 - 20 nm AgNPs are explicitly reported in Staphylococcus epidermidis viability or MBIC-related experiments? | 1–7 µg/mL; 7 µg/mL; 9 µg/mL | 10.2147/IJN.S246484 | dilutions of SNPs (in range of 21.5 to 1400 μg/mL) were made from upper to lower rows of the plate. | negative: conflicting | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_19 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q19 | What reporter molecules are reported specifically for evaluating ROS generation in AgNP antibacterial assays? | Luminol; DCFH-DA | 10.2147/IJN.S246484 | "Detection of reactive oxygen species was based on the chemiluminescence of luminol." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_19 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q19 | What reporter molecules are reported specifically for evaluating ROS generation in AgNP antibacterial assays? | Luminol; DCFH-DA | 10.1038/srep29982 | "To detect the ROS formation, we used the fluorescent reporter dye 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (Sigma, Bengaluru, India)" | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_20 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q20 | What reporter molecules are reported specifically for evaluating membrane potential or membrane integrity in AgNP antibacterial assays? | DiOC6; propidium iodide; nitrocefin; ONPG | 10.1371/journal.pone.0224904 | "Bacterial cultures were exposed to 10 μg.mL-1 of AgNPs or AgNO3 and stained with 18 μM DiOC6 (Sigma-Aldrich, USA)…. The cells were stained with alamarBlue cell viability reagent (Thermo Scientific) and 75 nM of propidium iodide." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_20 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q20 | What reporter molecules are reported specifically for evaluating membrane potential or membrane integrity in AgNP antibacterial assays? | DiOC6; propidium iodide; nitrocefin; ONPG | 10.3389/fmicb.2021.750556 | "We used nitrocefin (Calbiochem-Novabiochem, United States), a substrate for periplasmic β-lactamase, as a marker of outer membrane permeability" | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_21 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q21 | What AgNP sizes or size ranges are reported for biologically synthesized AgNPs with direct antimicrobial evaluation? | 1–9 nm; 4.7 nm; 5–30 nm; 15 ± 0.55 nm; 30.5 ± 4.0 nm; 45.26 nm; 114 ± 2.04 nm; 125.5 ± 2.5 nm | 10.1038/s41598-022-19698-0 | "Analysis of TEM images using ImageJ software revealed the presence of several monodisperse, spherical, well-separated, and relatively uniform NPs ranging in size from 1 to 9 nm and with an average size of 4.7 nm." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_21 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q21 | What AgNP sizes or size ranges are reported for biologically synthesized AgNPs with direct antimicrobial evaluation? | 1–9 nm; 4.7 nm; 5–30 nm; 15 ± 0.55 nm; 30.5 ± 4.0 nm; 45.26 nm; 114 ± 2.04 nm; 125.5 ± 2.5 nm | 10.2147/IJN.S49284 | "Transmission electron micrographs further confirmed the formation of AgNPs in size ranging from 5–30 nm." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_21 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q21 | What AgNP sizes or size ranges are reported for biologically synthesized AgNPs with direct antimicrobial evaluation? | 1–9 nm; 4.7 nm; 5–30 nm; 15 ± 0.55 nm; 30.5 ± 4.0 nm; 45.26 nm; 114 ± 2.04 nm; 125.5 ± 2.5 nm | 10.2147/IDR.S234425 | "The common size of the particles was calculated and located to be 15 ± 0.55 and 187 ± 0.5 nm for Ag-NPs and ZnO-NPs, respectively" | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_21 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q21 | What AgNP sizes or size ranges are reported for biologically synthesized AgNPs with direct antimicrobial evaluation? | 1–9 nm; 4.7 nm; 5–30 nm; 15 ± 0.55 nm; 30.5 ± 4.0 nm; 45.26 nm; 114 ± 2.04 nm; 125.5 ± 2.5 nm | 10.3390/antibiotics11091205 | Table 3 | multimodal: table | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_21 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q21 | What AgNP sizes or size ranges are reported for biologically synthesized AgNPs with direct antimicrobial evaluation? | 1–9 nm; 4.7 nm; 5–30 nm; 15 ± 0.55 nm; 30.5 ± 4.0 nm; 45.26 nm; 114 ± 2.04 nm; 125.5 ± 2.5 nm | 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00167 | "The estimated size of crystallite in different planes of silver was determined as 31.18, 35.74, and 69.14 nm with the mean value of all three peaks as 45.26 nm." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_21 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q21 | What AgNP sizes or size ranges are reported for biologically synthesized AgNPs with direct antimicrobial evaluation? | 1–9 nm; 4.7 nm; 5–30 nm; 15 ± 0.55 nm; 30.5 ± 4.0 nm; 45.26 nm; 114 ± 2.04 nm; 125.5 ± 2.5 nm | 10.3389/fbioe.2021.652362 | "An-AgNPs and Ar-AgNPs showed mean sizes of 114 ± 2.04 and 125.5 ± 2.5 nm, respectively, as measured via DLS technique" | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_22 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q22 | What bacterial species are reported specifically in AgNP assays against Escherichia coli and other foodborne pathogens? | Escherichia coli ATCC 43890; Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115; Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49444; Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 43174; Bacillus cereus ATCC 13061 | 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00167 | "foodborne pathogenic bacteria (Bacillus cereus ATCC 13061, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49444, Escherichia coli ATCC 43890, and Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 43174)" | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_22 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q22 | What bacterial species are reported specifically in AgNP assays against Escherichia coli and other foodborne pathogens? | Escherichia coli ATCC 43890; Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115; Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 49444; Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 43174; Bacillus cereus ATCC 13061 | 10.3389/fmicb.2022.929491 | "Bacterial strains investigated in the current study were S. typhimurium ATCC14028 and E. coli ATCC35218" | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_23 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q23 | What bacterial species are reported specifically in AgNP assays for cystic fibrosis-associated pathogens or other resistant clinical pathogens? | Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; Burkholderia cepacia; Klebsiella spp. | 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01349 | "was evaluated in vitro against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cepacia, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Staphylococcus aureus strains from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_23 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q23 | What bacterial species are reported specifically in AgNP assays for cystic fibrosis-associated pathogens or other resistant clinical pathogens? | Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; Burkholderia cepacia; Klebsiella spp. | 10.3389/fmicb.2021.750556 | "Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus АТСС 25923, a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (resistant to aztreonam, ceftazidime, and cefotaxime) and Klebsiella spp. (resistant to tetracycline)" | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_24 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q24 | What AgNP size values are reported specifically for commercial or formulated AgNPs used in antimicrobial testing? | 10 nm; 20 nm; 20–30 nm; 15–25 nm; 35 ± 15 nm; 40 nm; 60 nm; 100 nm | 10.3390/antibiotics11091219 | "Figure 1a shows representative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of AgNPs, which confirmed the spherical shape of those NPs with an average size of 15–25 nm." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_24 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q24 | What AgNP size values are reported specifically for commercial or formulated AgNPs used in antimicrobial testing? | 10 nm; 20 nm; 20–30 nm; 15–25 nm; 35 ± 15 nm; 40 nm; 60 nm; 100 nm | 10.1371/journal.pone.0224904 | "TEM micrographs showed that AgNPs were spheroid in shape, and their average diameter was 35 ± 15 nm." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_24 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q24 | What AgNP size values are reported specifically for commercial or formulated AgNPs used in antimicrobial testing? | 10 nm; 20 nm; 20–30 nm; 15–25 nm; 35 ± 15 nm; 40 nm; 60 nm; 100 nm | 10.3390/nano10051010 | "Silver nanoparticles with sizes of 10 nm, 20 nm, 40 nm, 60 nm and 100 nm (TEM), 0.02 mg/mL in aqueous buffer, containing sodium citrate as stabilizer (Sigma-Aldrich/Merck—Darmstadt, Germany), were used in the study." | none | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_24 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q24 | What AgNP size values are reported specifically for commercial or formulated AgNPs used in antimicrobial testing? | 10 nm; 20 nm; 20–30 nm; 15–25 nm; 35 ± 15 nm; 40 nm; 60 nm; 100 nm | 10.3390/antibiotics11091205 | Table 2 | multimodal: table | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_25 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q25 | What classes of biologically derived sources are reported for AgNP biosynthesis in antimicrobial papers? | Plant extract; algal extract; bacterial culture supernatant; fungal culture filtrate | 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00167 | "synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was attempted using the aqueous extract of corn leaf waste of Zea mays" | constraints: theme | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_25 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q25 | What classes of biologically derived sources are reported for AgNP biosynthesis in antimicrobial papers? | Plant extract; algal extract; bacterial culture supernatant; fungal culture filtrate | 10.3389/fbioe.2021.652362 | "AgNPs fabricated using aqueous extracts of two medicinal plants, Anastatica hierochuntica L. (Kaff Maryam) and Artemisia absinthium." | constraints: theme | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_25 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q25 | What classes of biologically derived sources are reported for AgNP biosynthesis in antimicrobial papers? | Plant extract; algal extract; bacterial culture supernatant; fungal culture filtrate | 10.2147/IDR.S234425 | "The aqueous extracts were prepared by the addition of one gm of dry powder Ulva fasciata to 100 mL DD water boiled for 1 hr then filtrated to obtain an algal aqueous extract." | constraints: theme | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_25 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q25 | What classes of biologically derived sources are reported for AgNP biosynthesis in antimicrobial papers? | Plant extract; algal extract; bacterial culture supernatant; fungal culture filtrate | 10.1038/s41598-022-19698-0 | "Only A. baumannii isolates produced positive results for Ag NP synthesis. The Acinetobacter baumannii isolate was first cultured ... and the supernatant was mixed with a 10 mM silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution" | constraints: theme | null |
Antibiotic-NP_Synergy | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_session_25 | Aggregation | 1 | Antibiotic-NP_Synergy_s5_q25 | What classes of biologically derived sources are reported for AgNP biosynthesis in antimicrobial papers? | Plant extract; algal extract; bacterial culture supernatant; fungal culture filtrate | 10.2147/IJN.S49284 | "The fungal species A. flavus (nonaflatoxin-producing strain, as described by Abbas et al37) used for the synthesis of nanoparticles" | constraints: theme | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_1 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q1 | What benzimidazole-containing metal complexes are described in literature published after 2018? | half‐sandwich ruthenium (II) complexes (C1-C4) with 2-(2-quinoly) benzimidazole frameworks (L1-L5), Ru (II) arene complexes of benzimidazoles | 10.33263/BRIAC144.082 | "In this article, cytotoxic and apoptotic properties of previously synthesized and characterized four different half‐sandwich ruthenium (II) complexes (C1-C4) with 2-(2-quinoly) benzimidazole frameworks (L1-L5) were described." | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_1 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q1 | What benzimidazole-containing metal complexes are described in literature published after 2018? | half‐sandwich ruthenium (II) complexes (C1-C4) with 2-(2-quinoly) benzimidazole frameworks (L1-L5), Ru (II) arene complexes of benzimidazoles | 10.18466/cbayarfbe.632188 | "bis-benzimidazole ligands (1a-d) were synthesized using linker groups and they were [SEP] evaluated as catalyst generated in situ from [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2 for transfer hydrogenation (TH) of [SEP] acetophenone. The bimetallic Ru (II) arene complex (2b) synthesized from ligand 1b which showed the [SEP] best activity amon... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_2 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q2 | Against which microorganisms are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published before 2020? | Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571, Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 10399, MRSA HG-1, MRSA-15 NCTC 13142, MRSA-16 NCTC 13143, MRSA BIG 0043, MRSA BIG 0044, MRSA BIG 0045, MRSA BIG 0047, MRSA BIG 0050, MRSA BIG 0052, MRSA BIG 0053, Staphylococcus epidermidis NCTC 11047, Staphylococcus epidermidis NCTC 2749, Staphylococcus haemo... | 10.3390/molecules200815206 | Table 3 | multimodal: table | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_2 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q2 | Against which microorganisms are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published before 2020? | Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571, Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 10399, MRSA HG-1, MRSA-15 NCTC 13142, MRSA-16 NCTC 13143, MRSA BIG 0043, MRSA BIG 0044, MRSA BIG 0045, MRSA BIG 0047, MRSA BIG 0050, MRSA BIG 0052, MRSA BIG 0053, Staphylococcus epidermidis NCTC 11047, Staphylococcus epidermidis NCTC 2749, Staphylococcus haemo... | 10.1186/s13065-018-0479-1 | "compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity [SEP] against four pathogenic bacterial strains [Gram-positive: [SEP] Bacillus cereus (ATTC 10876) and Staphylococcus [SEP] aureus (ATTC 25923) and Gram-negative: Escherichia [SEP] coli (ATTC 25922) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [SEP] (ATTC 27853)] and two fungal ... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_3 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q3 | Against which microorganisms are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published in 2022? | Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus faecalis, MSSA, MRSA, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, C. albicans ATCC 24433, C. glabrata (ATCC
90030), C. krusei ATCC 6258, C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019) | 10.1039/d2ra06667j | "Antimicrobial activities (exhibited by MIC values) including [SEP] antibacterial activities against two strains of Gram-negative (EC [SEP] – Escherichia coli and PA – Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and three [SEP] strains of Gram-positive (SF – Streptococcus faecalis, MSSA, [SEP] MRSA) and antifungal activities (CA – Candida... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_3 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q3 | Against which microorganisms are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published in 2022? | Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus faecalis, MSSA, MRSA, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, C. albicans ATCC 24433, C. glabrata (ATCC
90030), C. krusei ATCC 6258, C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019) | 10.1038/s41598-022-21435-6 | "The MIC was evaluated against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Gram-negative [SEP] Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and the antifungal activity against fungus Candida albicans ATCC 10231" | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_3 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q3 | Against which microorganisms are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published in 2022? | Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus faecalis, MSSA, MRSA, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, C. albicans ATCC 24433, C. glabrata (ATCC
90030), C. krusei ATCC 6258, C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019) | 10.1021/acsomega.2c06142 | "In vitro antifungal screening of the synthesized compounds was [SEP] assessed against C. albicans ATCC 24433, C. glabrata (ATCC [SEP] 90030), C. krusei ATCC 6258, C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019)." | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_4 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q4 | Against which microorganisms are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Acetobacter aceti, Acinetobacter baumannii, Aspergillus brasiliensis, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Enterobacter... | 10.3390/antibiotics14111150 | Table 2, Table 3 | multimodal: table | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_4 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q4 | Against which microorganisms are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Acetobacter aceti, Acinetobacter baumannii, Aspergillus brasiliensis, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Enterobacter... | 10.3390/ph19010180 | "The antibacterial activity of the compounds was evaluated by determining the minimum [SEP] inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the hybrids against four bacterial strains: B. [SEP] subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, and E. ludwigii." [SEP] "Hybrids 58–64 and 67–71 were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity [SE... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_4 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q4 | Against which microorganisms are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Acetobacter aceti, Acinetobacter baumannii, Aspergillus brasiliensis, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Enterobacter... | 10.14233/ajchem.2024.31314 | "The results demonstrated that all the synthesized Mannich base derivatives are highly effective against M. tuberculosis." | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_4 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q4 | Against which microorganisms are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Acetobacter aceti, Acinetobacter baumannii, Aspergillus brasiliensis, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Enterobacter... | 10.31788/RJC.2023.1638382 | "...compound 4 was discovered to have greater action against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes (25µg/mL)...", [SEP] "...as well as high inhibitory activity (12.5µg/mL) against E. coli, than reference chloramphenicol", [SEP] "...hybrids 10 and 11 (Fig.-6) efficiently showed bactericidal potential against... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_4 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q4 | Against which microorganisms are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Acetobacter aceti, Acinetobacter baumannii, Aspergillus brasiliensis, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Enterobacter... | 10.3390/antibiotics12071220 | “Compound S. aureus E. coli B. subtilis S. epidermitis A. niger C. albicans”, [SEP] “against all tested strains B. cereus, S. aureus, E. coli P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, and A. brasiliensis”, [SEP] “B.c. S.a. P.a. E.c. A.b. C.a.”, [SEP] “(E. coli, S. typhy, P. aeruginosa)”, [SEP] “Proteus vulgaris ATCC 29213”, [SEP] “(... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_5 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q5 | Against which Gram+ bacteria are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Acetobacter aceti, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus pyogenes | 10.3390/antibiotics14111150 | Table 2, Table 3 | multimodal: table | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_5 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q5 | Against which Gram+ bacteria are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Acetobacter aceti, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus pyogenes | 10.3390/ph19010180 | "The antibacterial activity of the compounds was evaluated by determining the minimum [SEP] inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the hybrids against four bacterial strains: B. [SEP] subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, and E. ludwigii.", [SEP] "Hybrids 58–64 and 67–71 were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity [S... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_5 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q5 | Against which Gram+ bacteria are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Acetobacter aceti, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus pyogenes | 10.14233/ajchem.2024.31314 | "The results demonstrated that all the synthesized Mannich base derivatives are highly effective against M. tuberculosis." | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_5 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q5 | Against which Gram+ bacteria are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Acetobacter aceti, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus pyogenes | 10.31788/RJC.2023.1638382 | "...compound 4 was discovered to have greater action against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes (25µg/mL)...", [SEP] "...as well as high inhibitory activity (12.5µg/mL) against E. coli, than reference chloramphenicol", [SEP] "...hybrids 10 and 11 (Fig.-6) efficiently showed bactericidal potential against... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_5 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q5 | Against which Gram+ bacteria are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Acetobacter aceti, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus pyogenes | 10.3390/antibiotics12071220 | “Compound S. aureus E. coli B. subtilis S. epidermitis A. niger C. albicans”, [SEP] “against all tested strains B. cereus, S. aureus, E. coli P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, and A. brasiliensis”, [SEP] “B.c. S.a. P.a. E.c. A.b. C.a.”, [SEP] “(E. coli, S. typhy, P. aeruginosa)”, [SEP] “Proteus vulgaris ATCC 29213”, [SEP] “(... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_6 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q6 | Against which Gram- bacteria are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Acinetobacter baumannii, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter ludwigii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, Salmonella aboney, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimuriu... | 10.3390/antibiotics14111150 | Table 2, Table 3 | multimodal: table | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_6 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q6 | Against which Gram- bacteria are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Acinetobacter baumannii, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter ludwigii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, Salmonella aboney, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimuriu... | 10.3390/ph19010180 | "The antibacterial activity of the compounds was evaluated by determining the minimum [SEP] inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the hybrids against four bacterial strains: B. [SEP] subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, and E. ludwigii.", [SEP] "Hybrids 58–64 and 67–71 were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity [S... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_6 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q6 | Against which Gram- bacteria are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Acinetobacter baumannii, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter ludwigii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, Salmonella aboney, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimuriu... | 10.31788/RJC.2023.1638382 | "...compound 4 was discovered to have greater action against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes (25µg/mL)...", [SEP] "...as well as high inhibitory activity (12.5µg/mL) against E. coli, than reference chloramphenicol", [SEP] "...hybrids 10 and 11 (Fig.-6) efficiently showed bactericidal potential against... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_6 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q6 | Against which Gram- bacteria are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Acinetobacter baumannii, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter ludwigii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, Salmonella aboney, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimuriu... | 10.3390/antibiotics12071220 | “Compound S. aureus E. coli B. subtilis S. epidermitis A. niger C. albicans”, [SEP] “against all tested strains B. cereus, S. aureus, E. coli P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, and A. brasiliensis”, [SEP] “B.c. S.a. P.a. E.c. A.b. C.a.”, [SEP] “(E. coli, S. typhy, P. aeruginosa)”, [SEP] “Proteus vulgaris ATCC 29213”, [SEP] “(... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_7 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q7 | Against which fungi and yeasts are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Aspergillus brasiliensis, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Penicillium sp., Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | 10.3390/antibiotics14111150 | Table 2, Table 3 | multimodal: table | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_7 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q7 | Against which fungi and yeasts are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Aspergillus brasiliensis, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Penicillium sp., Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | 10.3390/ph19010180 | "The antibacterial activity of the compounds was evaluated by determining the minimum [SEP] inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the hybrids against four bacterial strains: B. [SEP] subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, and E. ludwigii." [SEP] "Hybrids 58–64 and 67–71 were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity [SE... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_7 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q7 | Against which fungi and yeasts are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published after 2022? | Aspergillus brasiliensis, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Penicillium sp., Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | 10.3390/antibiotics12071220 | “Compound S. aureus E. coli B. subtilis S. epidermitis A. niger C. albicans” [SEP] “against all tested strains B. cereus, S. aureus, E. coli P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, and A. brasiliensis” [SEP] “B.c. S.a. P.a. E.c. A.b. C.a.” [SEP] “(E. coli, S. typhy, P. aeruginosa)” [SEP] “Proteus vulgaris ATCC 29213” [SEP] “(Esche... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_8 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q8 | Against which fungi and yeasts are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published in 2022? | Candida albicans, Candida glabrata (ATCC 90030), Candida krusei ATCC 6258,
Candida parapsilosis, Aspergillus niger | 10.1039/d2ra06667j | "Antimicrobial activities (exhibited by MIC values) including [SEP] antibacterial activities against two strains of Gram-negative (EC [SEP] – Escherichia coli and PA – Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and three [SEP] strains of Gram-positive (SF – Streptococcus faecalis, MSSA, [SEP] MRSA) and antifungal activities (CA – Candida... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_8 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q8 | Against which fungi and yeasts are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published in 2022? | Candida albicans, Candida glabrata (ATCC 90030), Candida krusei ATCC 6258,
Candida parapsilosis, Aspergillus niger | 10.1038/s41598-022-21435-6 | "The MIC was evaluated against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Gram-negative [SEP] Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and the antifungal activity against fungus Candida albicans ATCC 10231" | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_8 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q8 | Against which fungi and yeasts are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published in 2022? | Candida albicans, Candida glabrata (ATCC 90030), Candida krusei ATCC 6258,
Candida parapsilosis, Aspergillus niger | 10.1021/acsomega.2c06142 | "In vitro antifungal screening of the synthesized compounds was [SEP] assessed against C. albicans ATCC 24433, C. glabrata (ATCC [SEP] 90030), C. krusei ATCC 6258, C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019)." | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_9 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q9 | Against which bacteria are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published in 2022? | Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus faecalis, MSSA, MRSA, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 | 10.1039/d2ra06667j | "Antimicrobial activities (exhibited by MIC values) including [SEP] antibacterial activities against two strains of Gram-negative (EC [SEP] – Escherichia coli and PA – Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and three [SEP] strains of Gram-positive (SF – Streptococcus faecalis, MSSA, [SEP] MRSA) and antifungal activities (CA – Candida... | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_9 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q9 | Against which bacteria are benzimidazoles MICs reported in the literature published in 2022? | Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus faecalis, MSSA, MRSA, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 | 10.1038/s41598-022-21435-6 | "The MIC was evaluated against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Gram-negative [SEP] Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and the antifungal activity against fungus Candida albicans ATCC 10231" | constraints: temporal | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_10 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q10 | Who are the authors of the papers where benzimidazoles MICs against different microorganisms are reported in the literature published before 2020? | Fatmah A. S. Alasmary et al., Fawzia Faleh Al‑blewi et al. | 10.3390/molecules200815206 | Table 3 | multimodal: table | constraints: temporal, theme | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_10 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q10 | Who are the authors of the papers where benzimidazoles MICs against different microorganisms are reported in the literature published before 2020? | Fatmah A. S. Alasmary et al., Fawzia Faleh Al‑blewi et al. | 10.1186/s13065-018-0479-1 | "compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity [SEP] against four pathogenic bacterial strains [Gram-positive: [SEP] Bacillus cereus (ATTC 10876) and Staphylococcus [SEP] aureus (ATTC 25923) and Gram-negative: Escherichia [SEP] coli (ATTC 25922) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [SEP] (ATTC 27853)] and two fungal ... | constraints: temporal, theme | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_11 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q11 | Who are the authors of the papers where benzimidazoles MICs against different bacteria are reported in the literature published in 2022? | Em Canh Pham et al., Dumitrela Diaconu et al. | 10.1039/d2ra06667j | "Antimicrobial activities (exhibited by MIC values) including [SEP] antibacterial activities against two strains of Gram-negative (EC [SEP] – Escherichia coli and PA – Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and three [SEP] strains of Gram-positive (SF – Streptococcus faecalis, MSSA, [SEP] MRSA) and antifungal activities (CA – Candida... | constraints: temporal, theme | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_11 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q11 | Who are the authors of the papers where benzimidazoles MICs against different bacteria are reported in the literature published in 2022? | Em Canh Pham et al., Dumitrela Diaconu et al. | 10.1038/s41598-022-21435-6 | "The MIC was evaluated against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Gram-negative [SEP] Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and the antifungal activity against fungus Candida albicans ATCC 10231" | constraints: temporal, theme | null |
Benzimidazole_Antibiotics | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_session_12 | Aggregation | 1 | Benzimidazole_Antibiotics_s5_q12 | Who are the authors of the papers where anticancer activity of benzimidazoles is evaluated using Breast cancer MDA-MB-468 cell lines? | Em Canh Pham et al., Dumitrela Diaconu et al. | 10.1038/s41598-022-21435-6 | "Two new classes of hybrid quinoline–imidazole/benzimidazole derivatives (the hybrid QIBS salts and [SEP] QIBC cycloadducts) were designed and synthesized to evaluate their anticancer and antimicrobial [SEP] activity." | constraints: theme | null |
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Dataset Card for Scientific RAG Benchmark (Scenario)
Dataset Details
Dataset Description
This dataset is part of the Scientific RAG Benchmark Collection-NIPS2026.
It is designed for evaluating Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems and large language models on domain-specific scientific question-answering tasks.
Each scenario contains expert-curated question–answer pairs grounded in peer-reviewed scientific literature, with explicit DOI references to ensure traceability and factual verification.
- Curated by: Anonymous authors (double-blind review)
- Language(s): English
- License: cc-by-4.0
Uses
Direct Use
This dataset is intended for:
- evaluating RAG pipelines;
- assessing factual accuracy of language models;
- testing single-step and multi-step reasoning scenarios;
- comparing retrieval and re-ranking strategies.
Out-of-Scope Use
This dataset is not intended for:
- clinical deployment;
- industrial or engineering decision-making;
- automated real-world system deployment without expert oversight;
- training models without understanding dataset limitations.
Dataset Structure
The dataset is provided in flat CSV format, where each row corresponds to a single question instance.
Main fields include:
domain— subject areasession_id— session identifierscenario_type— reasoning scenario typeturn_index— step number (for multi-turn scenarios)question_id— unique question identifierquestion— question textgolden_answer— reference answerdoi— scientific publication identifiersources— supporting quotation from the sourcemodifications— reasoning modifier (if applicable)contrast_doi— additional reference (if applicable)
In some scenarios, the field question_llm may be present and reflects the initial draft formulation.
Dataset Creation
Curation Rationale
The dataset was created to provide a reproducible and evidence-grounded benchmark for evaluating scientific reasoning capabilities of language models in specialized domains.
Source Data
The dataset is derived from peer-reviewed scientific publications identified via DOI references.
Data Collection and Processing
- Relevant scientific publications were manually selected based on topic relevance.
- Question–answer pairs were formulated from article content.
- Each entry underwent mandatory manual verification for factual correctness before inclusion in the final dataset.
Who are the source data producers?
To preserve double-blind peer review integrity, the dataset curators remain anonymous.
Bias, Risks, and Limitations
There may be bias toward high-impact academic journals and specific scientific subfields.
The dataset reflects the structure of academic literature and may be less representative of applied or interdisciplinary contexts.
Personal and Sensitive Information
The dataset contains exclusively information from open scientific sources and does not include any personal or confidential data.
Recommendations
The dataset is intended strictly for evaluation purposes.
Model outputs generated using this dataset require expert interpretation.
Dataset Card Contact
Contact is available through the repository hosting this dataset.
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