article_id uint64 0 271k | page_id uint64 1 1.29M | revision_id uint64 25 10.5M | title stringlengths 1 250 | timestamp stringdate 2013-03-10 09:09:55 2026-10-01 21:30:28 | md stringlengths 14 588k | warnings listlengths 0 0 |
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2,500 | 8,379 | 1,875,106 | September 19 | 2026-09-19T06:30:27Z | ## Events
### Up to 1900
- 1356 – In the Battle of Poitiers, the English defeat the French, and capture King John II of France.
- 1676 – Jamestown, Virginia is burned to the ground by forces of Nathaniel Bacon.
- 1692 – Giles Corey is executed in Salem, Massachusetts after not pleading at the Salem Witch Trials.
- 17... | [] |
2,501 | 8,380 | 863,768 | September 9 | 2025-05-30T00:32:54Z | ## Events
### Up to 1900
- 9 – Arminius' alliance of six Germanic tribes ambushes and heavily defeats Roman legions of Publius Quinctilius Varus in the Battle of Teutoburg Forest.
- 337 – Constantine II, Constantius II and Constans I succeed their father Constantine I as Roman Emperor.
- 533 – A Byzantine army of 15,... | [] |
2,502 | 8,382 | 1,800,167 | Engine | 2026-05-08T08:30:53Z | An **engine**, or **motor**, is a machine used to change energy into movement that can be used. The energy can be in any form. Common forms of energy used in engines are chemical energy (such as petrol or diesel), or heat. When a chemical is used to produce energy it is known as *fuel*.
## Terminology
In past centu... | [] |
2,503 | 8,384 | 1,792,573 | Belarus | 2026-04-25T11:57:13Z | **Belarus** (officially called **Republic of Belarus**) is a country in Eastern Europe. About nine million people live there. Its capital is Minsk. It was part of the Soviet Union until 1991. The president of Belarus has been Alexander Lukashenko since 1994. It is bordered by Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania and Latv... | [] |
2,504 | 8,386 | 1,160,482 | Steam | 2026-09-30T20:25:34Z | **Steam** is the name given to water when it is in a gas form. Steam is sometimes thought of as a cloud of translucent mist, but that is only the result of the steam condensing in the air, forming water vapor. Actual hot steam is invisible.
## Introduction
When the pressure of the atmosphere is 1013 mbar – average p... | [] |
2,505 | 8,390 | 1,749,760 | August 29 | 2026-02-20T17:47:26Z | ## Events
### Up to 1900
- 708 – Copper coins are first minted in Japan.
- 1261 – Urban IV becomes Pope, the last man to do so without being a Cardinal first.
- 1315 – Battle of Montecatini: The army of the Republic of Pisa, commanded by Uguccione della Faggiuoli, wins a decisive victory against the joint forces of t... | [] |
2,506 | 8,393 | 248,920 | July 20 | 2026-07-21T22:50:20Z | ## Events
### Up to 1900
- 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of Vespasian, storms the fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots.
- 1189 – Richard I of England is invested as Duke of Normandy.
- 1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: King Edward I of En... | [] |
2,507 | 8,395 | 532,461 | Steering wheel | 2023-08-15T09:59:35Z | A **steering wheel** is a circular object used by the driver of a car or boat to change the direction it is moving.
The earliest known use of a steering wheel can be traced back to 1894 when Alfred Vacheron used one on his custom four-horsepower Panhard to participate in the Paris-Rouen race. That race in France in 1... | [] |
2,508 | 8,398 | 5,295 | East Germany | 2025-10-20T21:35:09Z | The **German Democratic Republic** (**GDR**) (Deutsche Demokratische Republik (*DDR*)), commonly called **East Germany** (Ostdeutschland), was founded on 7 October 1949, after World War II in 1945 when Nazi Germany got defeated by the USSR . It was formed from part of the Soviet occupation zone of Germany, including pa... | [] |
2,509 | 8,404 | 10,166,091 | Netball | 2025-04-02T08:48:17Z | **Netball** is a sport played in two teams of seven. It is like basketball except that bouncing the ball is not allowed. The player cannot step with the ball either, nor hold it for more than three seconds. The game proceeds by players throwing (passing) the ball to each other until one attempts to throw it through the... | [] |
2,510 | 8,407 | 1,161,309 | Atomic number | 2025-10-24T00:48:15Z | The **atomic number** (symbol: **Z**) of an atom is the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. The atomic number of an atom identifies which element it is. In a neutral atom, the atomic number is equal to the number of electrons orbiting the nucleus. The elements of the periodic table are listed in order of incr... | [] |
2,511 | 8,412 | 863,768 | June 21 | 2025-05-30T00:33:03Z | ## Events
### Up to 1925
- 524 – Battle of Vezerone: Burgundy triumphs over the French.
- 1529 – French forces are driven out of Northern Italy by Spain in the Battle of Landriano.
- 1621 – 27 Czech noblemen are executed in the Old Town Square in Prague as a consequence of the Battle of White Mountain.
- 1665 – First... | [] |
2,512 | 8,413 | 10,284,722 | 1920 | 2025-05-26T00:21:58Z | **1920** (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday in the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Wednesday in the Julian calendar.
## Events
- The King of Spain blesses the Real Madrid football team.
- August Krogh, Danish zoologist, won the **1920** Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
## Births
### Ja... | [] |
2,513 | 8,415 | 1,677,445 | Cardinal number | 2026-09-14T03:01:30Z | **Cardinal numbers** (or **cardinals**) are numbers that say *how many* of something there are, for example: one, two, three, four, five, six. They are sometimes called **counting numbers**.
The **cardinality** of a set is the cardinal number that tells us, roughly speaking, the size of the set.
In mathematics, peopl... | [] |
2,514 | 8,426 | 1,174,782 | 1960 | 2025-07-12T13:06:54Z | **1960** (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday in the Gregorian calendar.
## Events
- January – State of emergency is lifted in Kenya – Mau Mau Rebellion is officially over
- January 1 – Independence of Cameroon
- January 9 – Aswan High Dam construction begins in Egypt
- January 14 – Ralph Chubb, the gay poet an... | [] |
2,515 | 8,427 | 10,343,514 | 1956 | 2025-06-20T04:51:19Z | **1956** (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday in the Gregorian calendar.
## Events
- The Summer Olympics were held in Melbourne, Australia.
- The Winter Olympics were held in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy. This was the first Olympic Games in which the USSR competed.
- February 11 – British spies Guy Burgess and Don... | [] |
2,516 | 8,428 | 863,768 | March 4 | 2025-05-30T00:33:06Z | ## Events
### Up to 1900
- 51 – Nero is given the title of *Princeps Iuventutis* (Head of the Youth).
- 1152 – Frederick I Barbarossa is elected King of the Germans.
- 1226 – The city of Hamm, in North Rhine-Westphalia, present–day Germany, is founded.
- 1275 – Chinese astronomers observe a solar eclipse.
- 1351 – Ra... | [] |
2,517 | 8,429 | 532,461 | Merchant marine | 2025-02-20T01:23:44Z | **Merchant marine** is a term used in many places to talk about commercial ships and crews. A country's merchant marine is made up of all the ships owned by companies or individuals in that country which are used to make money. Most of a country's merchant marine is usually made of ships that carry things from place to... | [] |
2,518 | 8,434 | 532,461 | FreeBSD | 2026-05-27T21:52:32Z | **FreeBSD** is an operating system for many different kinds of computers. This means that if the user has a computer around the house and want to run FreeBSD on it, the user probably can. Computers that run Microsoft Windows will also run FreeBSD. It is based on BSD, the version of UNIX developed at the University of C... | [] |
2,519 | 8,435 | 532,461 | Garry Marshall | 2023-08-23T18:06:37Z | **Garry Marshall** (November 13, 1934 – July 19, 2016) was an American writer, producer, director and actor.
## Career
Marshall wrote for comedians Joey Bishop and Phil Foster. Soon he moved on to writing for television series, including *The Dick Van Dyke Show* and *The Tonight Show*. In 1970, he adapted the Neil S... | [] |
2,520 | 8,436 | 1,686,500 | 1934 | 2025-11-03T16:21:37Z | **1934** (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar.
## Events
- January 1 – Alcatraz becomes a federal prison.
- January 1 – Nazi Germany passes the "Law for the Prevention of Genetically Diseased Offspring."
- January 7 – First Flash Gordon comic strip is published.
- January 10 – Exe... | [] |
2,521 | 8,437 | 863,768 | November 1 | 2025-05-30T00:33:09Z | ## Events
### Up to 1900
- 365 – The Alamanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and to defend the Gallic tribe.
- 996 – First documented mention of Austria.
- 1141 – Empress Matilda's reign as "Lady of the English" ends with Stephen of Blois regaining the title ... | [] |
2,522 | 8,438 | 1,611,993 | Johnny Weissmuller | 2025-07-06T19:51:04Z | **Johnny Weissmuller** (June 2, 1904 – January 20, 1984) was a Austrian-American swimmer and actor. He was born in Timisoara, Austria-Hungary to German parents.
He was one of the world's best swimmers in the 1920s. He won five gold medals and set five then-Olympic records in swimming competitions at the Olympics in 19... | [] |
2,523 | 8,442 | 10,249,817 | 1756 | 2025-05-11T06:46:24Z | {{#Year article header}}1756{{/Year article header}}
## Events
- Mme Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont revises *Beauty and the Beast*.
## Births
- January 27 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Austrian composer (d. 1791)
- February 6 – Aaron Burr, American politician, 3rd Vice President of the United States (d. 1836)
- Mar... | [] |
2,524 | 8,443 | 1,011,873 | 1715 | 2025-07-05T15:24:50Z | {{#Year article header}}1715{{/Year article header}}
## Events
- There are riots against King George I.
- Jacobite rising of 1715
## Deaths
- September 1 – Louis XIV of France dies and his great-grandson, Louis XV of France becomes king even though he is just five years old.
| [] |
2,525 | 8,444 | 497,303 | Priscilla Presley | 2025-12-18T18:07:30Z |
**Priscilla Presley** (née **Wagner**) is an American actress. She is the former wife of Elvis Presley and is the mother of Lisa Marie Presley. Presley is probably most famous for her roles in the television primetime soap opera *Dallas*, and *The Naked Gun* movies with Leslie Nielsen. She is also a member of Sciento... | [] |
2,526 | 8,445 | 1,766,485 | 1973 | 2026-03-15T18:08:00Z | **1973** (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar.
## Events
- January 1 – United Kingdom, Ireland, and Denmark enter the *European Economic Community*, now known as the European Union.
- January 15 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, President of the United States ... | [] |
2,527 | 8,446 | 1,734,355 | Drunkenness | 2026-07-10T00:22:17Z | **Drunkenness** means being intoxicated by alcohol. This means a person's brain and body are not working normally, because of the alcohol they have had. A person who is intoxicated is usually called *drunk*.
The effects of being drunk depend on how much alcohol a person has had to drink.
## Effects
Alcohol caus... | [] |
2,528 | 8,447 | 1,687,111 | Canada Dry | 2026-01-02T01:37:46Z | **Canada Dry** is a brand name belonging to a company that produces beverages. Canada Dry makes ginger ale, club soda, and tonic water. Ginger ale is flavored with ginger root. Club soda is a clear drink sometimes used to remove stains from clothing. Tonic water is often used to make an alcoholic beverage known as *gin... | [] |
2,529 | 8,448 | 7,362,276 | Ginger ale | 2021-02-04T06:37:46Z | **Ginger ale** is a soft drink flavored with the root of a plant known as ginger. It has a sweet yet spicy flavor. Even though it has the name *ale*, which can be another word for beer, it is not beer. It is enjoyed by all ages. Canada Dry is a well known maker of ginger ale. Most ginger ales come in a green can.
## R... | [] |
2,530 | 8,449 | 2,133 | Shaving | 2026-01-09T22:36:23Z | **Shaving** is removing hair from the face or other body part with a razor.
"Shaving" often refers to men who cut their facial hair with a razor or clipper. Sometimes they just trim their facial hair while other men completely shave it. Some people do not shave the chin, this is called a goatee beard. Other men do no... | [] |
2,531 | 8,450 | 1,467,751 | Hygiene | 2025-11-19T18:59:45Z | **Hygiene** is the act of being clean. Washing the body to remove dirt and germs, washing hands and brushing the teeth to keep them clean, shaving, using the toilet properly, and dressing correctly are some examples. Proper hygiene is often taught to children at a young age, and it becomes a habit. People who do not ha... | [] |
2,532 | 8,451 | 1,522,289 | Spork | 2025-05-24T15:21:34Z | A **spork** is a combination of a spoon and a fork to create a special tool for eating. Most sporks are made from plastic. Many fast food chains use the spork, including Taco Bell, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Taco John's, and Taco Bueno. Many dislike the spork because it cannot poke food as well as a fork nor hold liquids ... | [] |
2,533 | 8,454 | 145,452 | Vauxhall Astra | 2023-07-03T21:39:51Z | **Vauxhall Astra** is a car produced by Vauxhall since 1980. It was first just branded as a **Vauxhall**, since 1991 it has also been sold as a **Opel**, a **Holden** and a **Chevrolet**. From 2007 to 2009 it was sold as a Saturn.
```{=wikitext}
<gallery>
File:Vauxhall Astra Mk I Clare.jpg|First Generation (Opel Kadde... | [] |
2,534 | 8,455 | 10,065,185 | Ford Ka | 2025-02-08T19:51:12Z | The **Ford Ka** is a car made by the Ford in Spain, Poland and Brazil. It has three doors and was first made in 1996. The Ka is very popular in Europe, about 1.5 million cars have been sold. A new model has been released in Brazil in 2008, in Europe a new model has been introduced in 2009.
## Engine data
4 cylinders ... | [] |
2,535 | 8,456 | 532,461 | Tower Bridge | 2026-05-10T16:59:20Z | 51 30 20 N 0 04 32 W region:GB\_type:landmark
**Tower Bridge** is a drawbridge in London. It crosses the River Thames near the Tower of London. It allows ships through the bridge deck when is raised at an angle in the centre.
The north side of the bridge is Tower Hill, and the south side of the bridge comes down in... | [] |
2,536 | 8,457 | 8,618,712 | Waiter | 2023-01-02T10:24:43Z | A **waiter** is a person who serves people often at a restaurant or at a café. They are usually called a waiter because they wait for the order. A female waiter is called a **waitress**. They will take orders and deliver food to customers. A good waiter can also help the customers by recommending the best food in the ... | [] |
2,537 | 8,459 | 248,920 | Steven Spielberg | 2026-06-13T22:11:36Z | **Steven Allan Spielberg** (born December 18, 1946) is an American movie director, movie producer and screenwriter. Spielberg is widely regarded as one of the greatest movie directors of all time and is the most commercially successful director in movie history. He is one of 22 people to have won an Emmy, Grammy, Oscar... | [] |
2,538 | 8,460 | 1,171,648 | Variable | 2026-04-01T15:15:41Z | A **variable** is a special type of amount or quantity with an unknown value. The opposite of a variable (that is, a known value) is called a constant.
## Variables in math
In mathematics, a variable is usually given a letter, such as *x* or *y*. Other letters are often used for particular kinds of variable:
- The l... | [] |
2,539 | 8,462 | 10,473,391 | Salvador Allende | 2025-08-22T19:20:15Z | **Salvador Allende Gossens** (June 26, 1908 – September 11, 1973) was a physician, senator, minister of health and the 28th President of Chile from November 3, 1970 until his death on September 11, 1973. He was a socialist and the first Marxist president elected democratically (voted for by people) in South America.
S... | [] |
2,540 | 8,463 | 1,464,674 | Authority | 2026-04-13T18:50:57Z | **Authority** is the ability of a person or an organization to conduct a certain lifestyle for another person or a group. Authority is known as one of the bases of society and stands against cooperation. Adopting lifestyle patterns as a result of authority is called **obedience** and authority as a concept includes mos... | [] |
2,541 | 8,467 | 103,847 | Musical instrument | 2025-12-17T20:47:57Z | **Musical instruments** are things used to make music. Anything that somehow produces sound can be considered a musical instrument, but the term generally means items that are specifically for making music.
Musical instruments can be divided by type into:
- string instruments (plucked or bowed)
- wind instruments
... | [] |
2,542 | 8,471 | 248,920 | Winston Churchill | 2026-07-22T16:26:05Z | **Sir** **Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill** [KG OM CH TD FRS PC]{.small} (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was an English politician. He was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, once during World War II, and again in the early 1950s.
Churchill was the only person to have been a member of the British Govern... | [] |
2,543 | 8,477 | 356,354 | Golan Heights | 2025-12-15T00:12:10Z | The **Golan Heights** is a plateau and a disputed land between Syria and Israel, which captured the area in the Six Day War of 1967. The United Nations has voted to ask Israel to pull its troops out of the Golan Heights. Syria and Israel still have not signed a peace treaty from that war, mostly because of the issue of... | [] |
2,544 | 8,488 | 693,482 | Pupil (eye) | 2026-07-26T15:14:48Z | The **pupil** is the opening in the centre of the eye. Light enters through the pupil and goes through the lens, which focuses the image on the retina.
The size of the pupil is controlled by muscles. There is a circular group, which squeezes the iris smaller, and another group which pulls the iris wider. When more lig... | [] |
2,545 | 8,489 | 966,595 | Translator | 2024-10-10T21:56:40Z | A **translator** works with different languages. They may read something written in one language and speak it or write it in another language or vice versa. For example, they might read a book in French and then *translate* it into English. See translation for more information.
In order to convert meanings from one la... | [] |
2,546 | 8,493 | 16,695 | Cambodia | 2025-11-30T16:21:48Z | **Cambodia** or **Kampuchea** (officially called **Kingdom of Cambodia**) is a country in Southeast Asia. It is near Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. About 13 million people live in Cambodia. The people of Cambodia are called *Cambodians* or *Khmer*. Khmer is the official language. The country has recently emerged from a l... | [] |
2,547 | 8,494 | 1,011,873 | 1466 | 2025-11-09T15:51:39Z | {{#Year in various calendars}}1466{{/Year in various calendars}}
{{#Year article header}}1466{{/Year article header}}
## Events
### January–December
- June – Second Siege of Krujë: Mehmed II leads an army of 150,000 to stop the Albanian resistance by taking Krujë. The Albanians stop him and the Ottoman army leaves ... | [] |
2,548 | 8,495 | 1,011,873 | 1502 | 2025-11-09T15:51:59Z | {{#Year in various calendars}}1502{{/Year in various calendars}}
**1502** (MDII) was a common year starting on Saturday in the Julian calendar.
## Events
- The Franco-Spanish War over Naples begins.
- Montezuma II becomes ruler of the Aztecs.
- January 1 – The place where Rio de Janeiro is now is explored.
- Safavid ... | [] |
2,549 | 8,496 | 1,860,372 | Teenager | 2026-08-23T18:36:49Z | ```
[[File:A teenager.tif|thumb|A teenager using his phone.]]
```
A **teenager**, or **teen**, is someone who is 13 to 19 years old. They can also be called "adolescents". The laws on what teenagers may do vary between countries.
The term “teenager” became widely used for people who are old enough to have their own... | [] |
2,550 | 8,497 | 121,204 | 1533 | 2026-07-16T13:38:27Z | {{#Year article header}}1533{{/Year article header}}
## Events
- Ottoman-Habsburg War in Hungary
- January 25– Henry VIII marries Anne Boleyn
## Births
- September 7 – Elizabeth I of England
## Deaths
- June 25 – Mary Tudor
| [] |
2,551 | 8,499 | 10,250,058 | 1546 | 2025-05-11T07:41:07Z | {{#Year article header}}1546{{/Year article header}}
## Events
- The Anglo-French War ends
- The Book of Apocrypha is added in the Roman Catholic church
## Births
- December 14 – Tycho Brahe, Danish astronomer (d. 1601)
- *date unknown*
- Thomas Digges, English astronomer (d. 1595)
## Deaths
- February 18 – ... | [] |
2,552 | 8,500 | 1,011,873 | 1598 | 2025-07-05T15:27:07Z | {{#Year article header}}1598{{/Year article header}}
## Events
- The Franco-Spanish War ends
- The Eighth War of Religion ends
## Births
- April 17 – Giovanni Battista Riccioli
- Bonaventura Cavalieri
| [] |
2,553 | 8,501 | 1,475,106 | 1600 | 2026-05-21T00:34:42Z | **1600** (MDC) was a century leap year starting on Saturday in the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Tuesday in the Julian calendar. It was the last year of the 16th century.
The year 1600 was also the last century leap year until the year 2000.
## Events
- Scotland adopts the Gregorian Calendar
- The ... | [] |
2,554 | 8,502 | 1,804,224 | Adult | 2026-05-15T08:39:46Z | **Adult** may mean different things. In law and social norms, an adult is a human who has reached the age of majority. The age of majority is the age at which an individual will be legally considered an adult. That age varies: in most countries, an adult is a person who is 18 years old or older. Once someone is adult, ... | [] |
2,555 | 8,503 | 640,235 | Colony | 2023-04-03T22:08:46Z | A **colony** is a piece of land controlled by another country. The metropolitan state is the country that owns the colony. The phrase *dependent territory* is now used instead of *colony*. **Colony** can also refer to a commune or a currently hypothetical human settlement in the sea (ocean colony) or outer space (space... | [] |
2,556 | 8,506 | 1,604,351 | Sonic boom | 2025-05-03T00:41:09Z | A **sonic boom** is created when an object travels faster than the speed of sound. When an airplane reaches the speed of sound, it makes a bang sound or an explosive noise. This is often called "breaking the sound barrier." The visible part of a sonic boom is actually air that becomes squashed by sound waves, which is ... | [] |
2,557 | 8,511 | 1,809,836 | Sikkim | 2026-05-25T00:40:26Z | **Sikkim** (सिक्किम) has been a state in India since 1975. It has the smallest number of people and second smallest land size (7110 km2) of any major divisions in the Republic of India. The third highest mountain in the world, Mt. Kanchenjunga (8597 m above sea level), is in Sikkim. Its neighbours are Bhutan to the eas... | [] |
2,558 | 8,515 | 9,882,289 | Spelling bee | 2024-11-14T14:16:51Z | A **spelling bee** is a spoken spelling competition. In a spelling bee, children are asked to spell words. The child who spells the most words correctly is the winner. Schools hold spelling bee competitions to encourage children how to read. As well, spelling bees encourage children to learn about spelling words and im... | [] |
2,559 | 8,517 | 532,461 | Birth control | 2026-09-29T22:39:24Z | **Birth control**, also known as **contraception** or **family planning**, is a way for a man and woman to have sexual intercourse without the woman getting pregnant. Birth control has been used since ancient times, but effective and safe methods of birth control only became available in the 20th century. Planning, mak... | [] |
2,560 | 8,518 | 1,700,676 | Role-playing game | 2026-08-10T04:02:47Z | A **role-playing game** (also called an **RPG**) is a game in which one plays the role of one or several characters (people), either verbally (traditional RPGS), in a computer or video game, or alone (gamebooks). Often the characters gain experience (EXP) during the game, which makes them stronger.
## Traditional RPGs... | [] |
2,561 | 8,522 | 532,461 | Arabic language | 2026-03-01T22:58:03Z | **Arabic** (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, *al-ʿarabiyyah*) is a Central Semitic language that first appeared in the mid-ninth century BCE in Northern Arabia and Sahara southern Levant. It is related to other Semitic languages like Hebrew and Aramaic. Unlike the latter two, where the former derives from the other, however, Arabic is... | [] |
2,562 | 8,524 | 1,483,031 | Dresden | 2024-06-24T12:51:20Z | **Dresden** (Drježdźany) is the capital of the Free State of Saxony. It is in the southeast of Germany, on the River Elbe near the border with the Czech Republic. It has an oceanic climate (**Cfb** in the Köppen climate classification).
## History
Dresden was already settled in the Neolithic part of the Stone Age, bu... | [] |
2,563 | 8,525 | 1,161,309 | Free will | 2025-07-08T11:20:29Z | **Free will** is being able to choose between different actions. If we judge an action (for example, as good or bad) it only makes sense if the action is freely chosen.
Things like advice, persuasion, and prohibition, are pointless unless people have some kind of free will. Free will means people can do different thin... | [] |
2,564 | 8,528 | 248,920 | March 3 | 2026-09-23T00:15:15Z | ## Events
### Up to 1900
- 1284 – The Statute of Rhuddlan incorporates the Principality of Wales into England.
- 1575 – Mughal Emperor Akbar the Great defeats a Bengali army at the Battle of Tukaroi.
- 1585 – The Olympic Theatre, designed by Andrea Palladio, is inaugurated in Vicenza, Italy.
- 1776 – American Revolut... | [] |
2,565 | 8,532 | 863,768 | September 3 | 2025-05-30T00:33:16Z | ## Events
### Up to 1900
- 301 – San Marino is founded by Saint Marinus. It is the world's oldest republic, and one of the world's smallest nations.
- 590 – Inauguration of Pope Gregory I.
- 863 – Byzantine victory at the Battle of Lalakaon against an Arab raid.
- 1189 – King Richard I of England is crowned.
- 1260 –... | [] |
2,566 | 8,538 | 1,319,663 | Irrigation | 2023-06-03T07:56:15Z | **Irrigation** is when people add water to plants, to help them grow when there is not enough rain. Irrigation water can be pumped from rivers, natural lakes or lakes created by dams, from wells or allowed to flow to the fields by or open canals.
## Types of Irrigation
There are many different types of irrigation met... | [] |
2,567 | 8,539 | 9,306,426 | Glastonbury Festival | 2024-01-17T00:16:09Z | The **Glastonbury Festival** is a very big music festival. It is held at Worthy Farm near Glastonbury, Somerset, England, most years, during the last weekend in June. About 100,000 people come to the festival every time. The festival is hosted and organized by local farmer Michael Eavis. It is a widely known festival w... | [] |
2,568 | 8,540 | 1,792,998 | Detroit | 2026-05-19T18:35:24Z | **Detroit** (IPAC: dᵻˈtrɔɪt , locally also IPAC: ˈdiːtrɔɪt ; Détroit, {{#Literal translation}}strait{{/Literal translation}}) is the most populous city in the state of Michigan in the United States. In 1950, Detroit was the fifth most populous city in the United States, with 1.8 million people. It was the 10th most pop... | [] |
2,569 | 8,548 | 1,695,576 | War communism | 2025-11-19T08:36:38Z | **War communism** is the name for the economic policies that introduced to Russia in 1918 by Vladimir Lenin, leader of Russia from 1917 to 1924. The policy was ended in 1921 because it was not successful. Instead, Lenin introduced the New Economic Policy in 1921.
War Communism was introduced for many reasons. However,... | [] |
2,570 | 8,551 | 70,336 | New Economic Policy | 2018-04-21T00:27:48Z | **New Economic Policy (**NEP) was an economic policy introduced by Lenin after the failed methods of War communism. These New Economic Policies were to revive the Russian economy. The new policy was a combination of private enterprise and state socialism. This is because the people did not believe in War communism.
Th... | [] |
2,571 | 8,554 | 314,522 | Foreign aid | 2025-05-26T18:02:43Z | **Foreign aid** is one country helps another country, usually a poorer country, by giving money, supplies, or sending people to help during a disaster.
Some aid is for supporting economic development and help those in need, especially in places where wealthy countries and companies often shape trade, rules, and spr... | [] |
2,572 | 8,556 | 24,306 | Hydroelectricity | 2024-05-05T22:26:15Z | '''
**Hydroelectricity** is electricity made by generators that are turned by the movement of water. It is usually made with dams that partly block a river to make a reservoir of water. Water is released, and the pressure of the dam (potential energy stored in the dam) forces the water down pipes that lead to a turbin... | [] |
2,573 | 8,557 | 640,235 | Mallaig | 2023-08-13T16:42:11Z | **Mallaig** is a small town in Scotland. It is also a port. Ferries link Mallaig, which is on the mainland, to some islands. About 797 lived there in 2001.
| [] |
2,574 | 8,559 | 532,461 | Cramlington | 2026-08-12T15:29:15Z | **Cramlington** is a town in the county of Northumberland, in the north-east of England.
Cramlington is about five miles from the coast. The nearest beach is at Blyth, which is to the east. The county town of Morpeth is rather nearby.
Newcastle city is also close, which people of Cramlington can go and enjoy.
Cramli... | [] |
2,575 | 8,561 | 8,309,552 | Belfast | 2022-06-30T05:17:42Z | **Belfast** (Irish: *Béal Feirste*) is the capital of Northern Ireland. It is the second largest city in Ireland, after Dublin. About 270,000 people live in the city. It became capital of Northern Ireland when Northern Ireland was created in 1921. A lot of famous ships were built by the Belfast shipyard Harland and Wol... | [] |
2,576 | 8,564 | 9,753,578 | Dungeness | 2024-09-06T17:53:23Z | **Dungeness** is a place on the coast in Kent, England. There are two power stations there called Dungeness Nuclear Power Station. There are also two lighthouses.
18 31 37.57 N 64 21 29.09 W
| [] |
2,577 | 8,565 | 16,695 | Power station | 2021-08-20T15:10:52Z | A **power station** (or **power plant**) is a place where electricity is produced. Most do this by a big spinning electrical generator. In big powers stations the spinning is usually driven by a steam turbine. The steam may come from:
- Burning fossil fuels
- Nuclear power, using radioactive sources
- Using the earth... | [] |
2,578 | 8,568 | 532,461 | Mind | 2026-07-26T04:19:50Z | The **mind** is a general term for the way a person thinks, reasons, perceives, wills, has ideas, and has emotion. For science, what others call the mind is *entirely* caused by workings of the brain. The philosopher Gilbert Ryle called mind the "Ghost in the Machine". He said the idea that it was separate from the bra... | [] |
2,579 | 8,570 | 1,855,826 | Reality | 2026-08-15T18:39:50Z | **Reality** means anything that exists. An event that has actually happened, or a thing which really exists is said to have "reality." Something close to reality is *realistic*.
Reality is the state of things as they are, rather than as they may appear or might be imagined. In a wider definition, reality includes ever... | [] |
2,580 | 8,573 | 16,695 | Mary Shelley | 2026-06-05T09:48:19Z | **Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley** (30 August 1797 – 1 February 1851) was an English writer. She is best known for writing the novel *Frankenstein*. She was in her teens when she wrote the book. She later edited the poems of her husband, Percy Bysshe Shelley.
## Early life
After her mother's death, Shelley lived with he... | [] |
2,581 | 8,574 | 1,386,969 | Sum | 2025-12-01T18:51:59Z | The **sum** of two numbers is their value added together. This operation is called **additive summation** or **addition**. There are many ways of writing sums, including:
- Addition (\(2+4+6 = 12\))
- Summation (\(\sum_{k=1}^3 k = 1+2+3=6\))
- Code:
> Sum \= 0
>
> For I \= M to N
>
> Sum \= Sum \+ X(I)
>
> Next I (i... | [] |
2,582 | 8,575 | 1,882,380 | Nelson Mandela | 2026-09-30T22:18:40Z | **Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela** (18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African politician and civil rights activist. On 27 April 1994, he became the first President of South Africa, elected in a fully represented democratic election. He was also the first black South African head of state.
Mandela was born in Mvez... | [] |
2,583 | 8,576 | 1,880,068 | The Lost World: Jurassic Park | 2026-09-27T09:49:13Z | ***The Lost World: Jurassic Park*** is a 1997 American science fiction adventure movie directed by Steven Spielberg from a screenplay by David Koepp. It is the second film in the *Jurassic Park* franchise and the original *Jurassic Park* trilogy, and is loosely based on Michael Crichton's 1995 novel *The Lost World*. J... | [] |
2,584 | 8,577 | 1,611,993 | Mario Party 6 | 2025-08-05T20:36:01Z | ***Mario Party 6*** is a party board video game for the Nintendo GameCube. It is the sixth game in the *Mario Party* series. It was released in Japan on November 18, 2004, in North America on December 6, 2004, and in Europe on March 18, 2005. It is the first *Mario Party* game to use the Nintendo GameCube's microphone ... | [] |
2,585 | 8,578 | 1,161,309 | Don Quixote | 2026-06-25T17:59:04Z | ***Don Quixote*** is a novel by Miguel de Cervantes. The book was published in two parts (1605 and 1615). It was first written in Spanish. Soon afterwards it was translated to English by Thomas Shelton. It is considered by many scholars to be the first modern novel. The main character, Don Quixote, is very good at chiv... | [] |
2,586 | 8,580 | 693,482 | Swim | 2022-07-13T02:47:51Z | For living creatures, a **swim** or **swimming** is a way of moving in water. Swimming is an activity that can be both useful and recreational. Its primary uses are bathing, cooling, fishing, recreation, exercise, and sport.
## Human swimming
Swimming has been known amongst humans since prehistoric times; the earlie... | [] |
2,587 | 8,583 | 10,396,914 | Archimedes | 2025-07-16T17:26:34Z | **Archimedes of Syracuse** (c. 287) was a Greek scientist. He was an inventor, an astronomer, and a mathematician. He was born in the town of Syracuse in Sicily.
His father was Phidias, an astronomer, and he may have been in the family of a king of Syracuse. Syracuse was a rich Greek city, on the seashore in Sicily. W... | [] |
2,588 | 8,584 | 70,336 | Radio | 2025-12-26T16:35:39Z | Radio is a way to send electromagnetic signals over a long distance. It is mainly used to deliver information from one place to another. A machine that sends radio waves is called a **transmitter**, while a machine that "picks up" the signals is called a **receiver** or antenna. A machine that does both jobs is a "tra... | [] |
2,589 | 8,585 | 1,813,344 | Vandalism | 2026-09-14T17:15:44Z | **Vandalism** is a crime that is done by destroying or damaging the property of someone else without their permission. This can include graffiti and website damage.
A person that does this is called a **vandal**. The name comes from the Vandals, a tribe that attacked and damaged the city of Rome in 455 CE.
## Example... | [] |
2,590 | 8,586 | 1,692,013 | Monopoly (game) | 2026-05-26T18:48:25Z | **Monopoly** is a board game that is played with two to eight players. In the game, players move around the spaces of the board, buying and selling land, houses and buildings to try to become the richest player. When all the other players run out of money, you win the game.
Many books give advice on how to win the gam... | [] |
2,591 | 8,587 | 1,687,111 | Still Standing | 2025-11-07T14:31:50Z | ***Still Standing*** is a CBS sitcom starring Mark Addy. It is about a working-class couple who live in Chicago, Illinois. Addy's character is a father of three with a wife named Judy (Jami Gertz). Judy and Addy's character, Bill Miller, deal with having an annoying relative, Aunt Linda (Jennifer Irwin), and with havin... | [] |
2,592 | 8,588 | 805,501 | IGN | 2025-09-16T03:01:40Z | **IGN** is a gaming website that was first launched in 2000. It has FAQ's, guides, and walkthroughs about many of the games on GameCube, PC, PlayStation 2, Xbox, Wii, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Xbox One, and the PlayStation 4, as well as older systems. IGN's main competitor is GameSpot, another gaming website.
IGN also ... | [] |
2,593 | 8,589 | 1,358,714 | Sock | 2026-09-02T06:52:20Z | **Socks** are often worn on a person's feet. They absorb sweat and help to keep the foot dry. Socks also give comfort to people's feet and keep them warm in cold weather.
Socks are made of fabric, usually nylon, cotton or wool. Some socks can cover only the foot and ankle, and others may be long enough to cover the en... | [] |
2,594 | 8,590 | 1,674,917 | Everybody Loves Raymond | 2025-10-31T21:52:49Z | ***Everybody Loves Raymond*** is an American television series. It stars Ray Romano. The series was a popular sitcom on the CBS network.
## Overview
Ray Romano plays Ray Barone, a sports writer in Lynbrook, New York. Patricia Heaton plays his wife, Debra. Ray and Deborah have a fun set of neighbors: Ray's parents. Ro... | [] |
2,595 | 8,591 | 8,821,834 | Lighthouse | 2023-05-14T11:54:04Z | A **lighthouse** is a tall building that sends out light for use in navigation. Lighthouses are built on the coast of an ocean or lake. The lighthouse protects ships from crashing into shore, by sending the light out towards the sea. When sailors see the light, they know to avoid hitting the shore. The light usually tu... | [] |
2,596 | 8,592 | 1,668,422 | Joan of Arcadia | 2025-09-28T22:52:38Z | ***Joan of Arcadia*** was a CBS drama television series. It starred Amber Tamblyn. Tamblyn's character was Joan Girardi, a teenager with the ability to talk to God.
In its second season, the show had 8.5 million viewers per episode. However, after declining ratings the show was canceled. A third season was never made.... | [] |
2,597 | 8,593 | 937,699 | Lunchbox | 2020-02-01T20:00:24Z | A **lunchbox** is used to carry a person's lunch. They can come in many shapes and sizes and by a number of manufacturers. They can also be in the form of a brown paper bag.
The first aluminium lunch box was created in 1954 by a man by the name of Leo May when he happened to crush his tin lunch box.
| [] |
2,598 | 8,594 | 1,458,798 | The Game of Life | 2025-04-03T03:04:22Z | **The Game of Life** is a popular board game. Players spin a spinner, which tells them where to go next. They then go through an imaginary "life," getting married and having children. The object of the game is to have more money than the other players by the end of the game.
| [] |
2,599 | 8,595 | 888,555 | Poster | 2025-05-04T20:24:21Z | A **poster** is a large piece of printed paper that has a message, usually with picture of something. Posters are made to be shown in public on a wall or other flat surfaces. They were the main form of public advertising before the web, and they are still used.
Posters are used for advertising, education, propaganda, ... | [] |
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