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Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.356(A)(7)
All relays and metering that use phase differences for operation shall be verified by measuring phase angles at the relay under actual load conditions after operation commences. [235.356(A)(7)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.356(A)(7))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.356(A)(7)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.356(B)
A test report covering the results of the tests required in 235.356(A) shall be delivered to the authority having jurisdiction prior to energization. Informational Note: See ANSI/NETA ATS, Acceptance Testing Specifications for Electrical Power Distribution Equipment and Systems, for an example of acceptance specifications. [235.356(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.356(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.356(B)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.360(A)
The clearances over roadways, walkways, rail, water, and open land for conductors and live parts up to 22 kV or less to ground shall be not less than the values shown in Table 235.360(A).Table 235.360(A) Clearances over Roadways, Walkways, Rail, Water, and Open Land Location Clearance m ft Open land subject to vehicles, cultivation, or grazing 5.6 18.5 Roadways, driveways, parking lots, and alleys 5.6 18.5 Walkways 4.1 13.5 Rails 8.1 26.5 Spaces and ways for pedestrians and restricted traffic 4.4 14.5 Water areas not suitable for boating 5.2 17.0 [235.360(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.360(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.360(A)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.360(B)
Clearances for the categories shown in Table 235.360(A) shall be increased by 10 mm (0.4 in.) per kV, or major fraction thereof, more than 22 kV. [235.360(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.360(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.360(B)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.360(C)
For special cases, such as where crossings will be made over lakes, rivers, or areas using large vehicles such as mining operations, specific designs shall be engineered considering the special circumstances and shall be approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Informational Note: See ANSI/IEEE C2-2017, National Electrical Safety Code, for additional information. [235.360(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.360(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.360(C)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.361(A)
The clearances over buildings and other structures for conductors and live parts up to 22 kV or less to ground shall be not less than the values shown in Table 235.361 (A).Table 235.361(A) Clearances over Buildings and Other Structures Clearance from Conductors or Live Parts from: Horizontal Vertical m ft m ft Building walls, projections, and windows 2.3 7.5 - - Balconies, catwalks, and similar areas accessible to people 2.3 7.5 4.1 13.5 Over or under roofs or projections not readily accessible to people - - 3.8 12.5 Over roofs accessible to vehicles but not trucks - - 4.1 13.5 Over roofs accessible to trucks - - 5.6 18.5 Other structures 2.3 7.5 - - [235.361(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.361(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.361(A)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.361(B)
Clearances for the categories shown in Table 235.361(A) shall be increased by 10 mm (0.4 in.) per kV, or major fraction thereof, more than 22 kV. Informational Note: See ANSI/IEEE C2-2017, National Electrical Safety Code, for additional information. [235.361(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.361(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.361(B)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.401
Part V covers requirements for service conductors and equipment used on circuits over 1000 volts ac and 1500 volts dc, nominal, shall comply with all of the applicable requirements in Parts I through VII of Article 230 and with Part V of this article, which supplements or modifies those requirements. In no case shall the provisions of Part V apply to equipment on the supply side of the service point. [235.401](https://2023.antflix.net#235.401)
https://2023.antflix.net#235.401
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.402
Service-entrance conductors to buildings or enclosures shall be installed to conform to 235.402(A) and (B). [235.402](https://2023.antflix.net#235.402)
https://2023.antflix.net#235.402
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.402(A)
Service-entrance conductors shall not be smaller than 6 AWG unless in multiconductor cable. Multiconductor cable shall not be smaller than 8 AWG. [235.402(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.402(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.402(A)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.402(B)
Service-entrance conductors shall be installed by one of the wiring methods covered in 305.3 and 305.15. [235.402(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.402(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.402(B)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.404(A)
Where oil switches or air, oil, vacuum, or sulfur hexafluoride circuit breakers constitute the service disconnecting means, an isolating switch with visible break contacts shall be installed on the supply side of the disconnecting means and all associated service equipment. Exception: An isolating switch shall not be required where the circuit breaker or switch is mounted on removable truck panels or switchgear units where both of the following conditions apply: (1) Cannot be opened unless the circuit is disconnected (2) Where all energized parts are automatically disconnected when the circuit breaker or switch is removed from the normal operating position [235.404(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.404(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.404(A)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.404(B)
Where fuses are of the type that can be operated as a disconnecting switch, a set of such fuses shall be permitted as the isolating switch. [235.404(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.404(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.404(B)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.404(C)
The isolating switch shall be accessible to qualified persons only. [235.404(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.404(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.404(C)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.404(D)
Isolating switches shall be provided with a means for readily connecting the load side conductors to a grounding electrode system, equipment ground busbar, or grounded steel structure when disconnected from the source of supply. A means for grounding the load side conductors to a grounding electrode system, equipment grounding busbar, or grounded structural steel shall not be required for any duplicate isolating switch installed and maintained by the electric supply company. [235.404(D)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.404(D))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.404(D)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.405(A)
The service disconnecting means shall be located in accordance with 230.70. For either overhead or underground primary distribution systems on private property, the service disconnect shall be permitted to be located in a location that is not readily accessible, if the disconnecting means can be operated by mechanical linkage from a readily accessible point, or electronically in accordance with 235.405(C), where applicable. [235.405(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.405(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.405(A)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.405(B)
Each service disconnect shall simultaneously disconnect all ungrounded service conductors that it controls and shall have a fault-closing rating that is not less than the available fault current at its supply terminals. Where fused switches or separately mounted fuses are installed, the fuse characteristics shall be permitted to contribute to the fault-closing rating of the disconnecting means. [235.405(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.405(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.405(B)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.405(C)
For multibuilding, industrial installations under single management, the service disconnecting means shall be permitted to be located at a separate building or structure. In such cases, the service disconnecting means shall be permitted to be electrically operated by a readily accessible, remote-control device. [235.405(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.405(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.405(C)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.406
Where the circuit breaker or alternative for it, as specified in 235.408 for service overcurrent devices, meets the requirements specified in 235.405, it shall constitute the service disconnecting means. [235.406](https://2023.antflix.net#235.406)
https://2023.antflix.net#235.406
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.408
A short-circuit protective device shall be provided on the load side of, or as an integral part of, the service disconnect, and shall protect all ungrounded conductors that it supplies. The protective device shall be capable of detecting and interrupting all values of current, in excess of its trip setting or melting point, that can occur at its location. A fuse rated in continuous amperes not to exceed three times the ampacity of the conductor, or a circuit breaker with a trip setting of not more than six times the ampacity of the conductors, shall be considered as providing the required short-circuit protection. Informational Note: See Table 315.60(C)(1) through Table 315.60(C)(20) for ampacities of conductors rated 2001 volts to 35,000 volts. Overcurrent devices shall conform to 235.408(A) and (B). [235.408](https://2023.antflix.net#235.408)
https://2023.antflix.net#235.408
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.408(A)
Equipment used to protect service-entrance conductors shall meet the requirements of Article 495, Part II. [235.408(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.408(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.408(A)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.408(B)
The restriction to 80 percent of the rating for an enclosed overcurrent device for continuous loads shall not apply to overcurrent devices installed in systems operating at over 1000 volts. [235.408(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#235.408(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#235.408(B)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.409
Surge arresters installed in accordance with the requirements of Parts II and III of Article 242 shall be permitted on each ungrounded overhead service conductor. Informational Note: Surge arresters may be referred to as lightning arresters in older documents. [235.409](https://2023.antflix.net#235.409)
https://2023.antflix.net#235.409
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.410
Service equipment, including instrument transformers, shall conform to Part I of Article 495. [235.410](https://2023.antflix.net#235.410)
https://2023.antflix.net#235.410
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.411
Switchgear shall consist of a substantial metal structure and a sheet metal enclosure. Where installed over a combustible floor, suitable protection thereto shall be provided. [235.411](https://2023.antflix.net#235.411)
https://2023.antflix.net#235.411
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
235.412
Where the voltage exceeds 35,000 volts between conductors that enter a building, they shall terminate in a switchgear compartment or a vault conforming to the requirements of 450.41 through 450.48. [235.412](https://2023.antflix.net#235.412)
https://2023.antflix.net#235.412
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.1
Parts I through VII of this article provide the general requirements for overcurrent protection and overcurrent protective devices not more than 1000 volts, nominal. Part VIII covers overcurrent protection for those portions of supervised industrial installations operating at voltages of not more than 1000 volts, nominal. Informational Note No. 1: Overcurrent protection for conductors and equipment is provided to open the circuit if the current reaches a value that will cause an excessive or dangerous temperature in conductors or conductor insulation. Informational Note No. 2: See 110.9 for requirements for interrupting ratings and 110.10 for requirements for protection against fault currents. [240.1](https://2023.antflix.net#240.1)
https://2023.antflix.net#240.1
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.2(A)
The following equipment shall not be reconditioned: Equipment providing ground-fault protection of equipmentGround-fault circuit interruptersLow-voltage fuseholders and low-voltage nonrenewable fusesMolded-case circuit breakersLow-voltage power circuit breaker electronic trip units. [240.2(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.2(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.2(A)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.2(B)
The following equipment shall be permitted to be reconditioned: Low-voltage power circuit breakersElectromechanical protective relays and current transformersReconditioned equipment shall be listed as reconditioned and comply with 110.21(A)(2). [240.2(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.2(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.2(B)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.3
Equipment shall be protected against overcurrent in accordance with the article in this Code that covers the type of equipment specified in Table 240.3. Table 240.3 Other Articles Equipment Article Air-conditioning and refrigerating equipment 440 Appliances 422 Assembly occupancies 518 Audio signal processing, amplification, and reproduction equipment 640 Branch circuits 210 Busways 368 Capacitors 460 Class 1 power-limited circuits and Class 1 power-limited remote-control and signaling circuits 724 Class 2 and Class 3 remote-control, signaling, and power-limited circuits 725 Cranes and hoists 610 Electric signs and outline lighting 600 Electric welders 630 Electrolytic cells 668 Elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, moving walks, wheelchair lifts, and stairway chairlifts 620 Emergency systems 700 Fire alarm systems 760 Fire pumps 695 Fixed electric heating equipment for pipelines and vessels 427 Fixed electric space-heating equipment 424 Fixed outdoor electric deicing and snow-melting equipment 426 Generators 445 Health care facilities 517 Induction and dielectric heating equipment 665 Industrial machinery 670 Luminaires, lampholders, and lamps 410 Motion picture and television studios and similar locations 530 Motors, motor circuits, and controllers 430 Phase converters 455 Pipe organs 650 Receptacles 406 Services 230 Solar photovoltaic systems 690 Switchboards, switchgear, and panelboards 408 Theaters, audience areas of motion picture and television studios, and similar locations 520 Transformers and transformer vaults 450 X-ray equipment 660 [240.3](https://2023.antflix.net#240.3)
https://2023.antflix.net#240.3
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4
Conductors, other than flexible cords, flexible cables, and fixture wires, shall be protected against overcurrent in accordance with their ampacities specified in 310.14, unless otherwise permitted or required in 240.4(A) through (H). Informational Note: See ICEA P-32-382-2018, Short Circuit Characteristics of Insulated Cables, for information on allowable short-circuit currents for insulated copper and aluminum conductors. [240.4](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4)
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(A)
Conductor overload protection shall not be required where the interruption of the circuit would create a hazard, such as in a material-handling magnet circuit or fire pump circuit. Short-circuit protection shall be provided. Informational Note: See NFPA 20-2019, Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection. [240.4(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(A)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(B)
The next higher standard overcurrent device rating (above the ampacity of the conductors being protected) shall be permitted to be used, provided all of the following conditions are met: The conductors being protected are not part of a branch circuit supplying more than one receptacle for cord-and-plug-connected portable loads.The ampacity of the conductors does not correspond with the standard ampere rating of a fuse or a circuit breaker without overload trip adjustments above its rating (but that shall be permitted to have other trip or rating adjustments).The next higher standard rating selected does not exceed 800 amperes.If the overcurrent protective device is an adjustable trip device installed in accordance with 240.4(B)(1), (B)(2), and (B)(3), it shall be permitted to be set to a value that does not exceed the next higher standard value above the ampacity of the conductors being protected as shown in Table 240.6(A) where restricted access in accordance with 240.6(C) is provided. [240.4(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(B)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(C)
Where the overcurrent device is rated over 800 amperes, the ampacity of the conductors it protects shall be equal to or greater than the rating of the overcurrent device defined in 240.6. [240.4(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(C)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(D)
Unless specifically permitted in 240.4(E) or (G), the overcurrent protection shall not exceed that required by 240.4(D)(1) through (D)(8) after any correction factors for ambient temperature and number of conductors have been applied. [240.4(D)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(D)(1)
7 amperes, provided all the following conditions are met: Continuous loads do not exceed 5.6 amperes.Overcurrent protection is provided by one of the following:Branch-circuit-rated circuit breakers listed and marked for use with 18 AWG copper conductorBranch-circuit-rated fuses listed and marked for use with 18 AWG copper conductorClass CC, Class CF, Class J, or Class T fuses [240.4(D)(1)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(1))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(1)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(D)(2)
10 amperes, provided all the following conditions are met: Continuous loads do not exceed 8 amperes.Overcurrent protection is provided by one of the following:Branch-circuit-rated circuit breakers listed and marked for use with 16 AWG copper conductorBranch-circuit-rated fuses listed and marked for use with 16 AWG copper conductorClass CC, Class CF, Class J, or Class T fuses [240.4(D)(2)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(2))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(2)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(D)(3)
10 amperes, provided all the following conditions are met: Continuous loads do not exceed 8 amperesOvercurrent protection is provided by one of the following:Branch-circuit-rated circuit breakers are listed and marked for use with 14 AWG copper-clad aluminum conductor.Branch-circuit-rated fuses are listed and marked for use with 14 AWG copper-clad aluminum conductor. [240.4(D)(3)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(3))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(3)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(D)(4)
15 amperes [240.4(D)(4)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(4))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(4)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(D)(5)
15 amperes [240.4(D)(5)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(5))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(5)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(D)(6)
20 amperes [240.4(D)(6)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(6))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(6)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(D)(7)
25 amperes [240.4(D)(7)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(7))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(7)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(D)(8)
30 amperes [240.4(D)(8)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(8))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(D)(8)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(E)
Tap conductors shall be permitted to be protected against overcurrent in accordance with the following: 210.19(C) and (D), Household Ranges and Cooking Appliances and Other Loads240.5(B)(2), Fixture Wire240.21, Location in Circuit368.17(B), Reduction in Ampacity Size of Busway368.17(C), Feeder or Branch Circuits (busway taps)430.53(D), Single Motor Taps [240.4(E)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(E))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(E)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(F)
Single-phase (other than 2-wire) and multiphase (other than delta-delta, 3-wire) transformer secondary conductors shall not be considered to be protected by the primary overcurrent protective device. Conductors supplied by the secondary side of a single-phase transformer having a 2-wire (single-voltage) secondary, or a three-phase, delta-delta connected transformer having a 3-wire (single-voltage) secondary, shall be permitted to be protected by overcurrent protection provided on the primary (supply) side of the transformer, provided this protection is in accordance with 450.3 and does not exceed the value determined by multiplying the secondary conductor ampacity by the secondary-to-primary transformer voltage ratio. [240.4(F)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(F))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(F)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(G)
Overcurrent protection for the specific conductors shall be permitted to be provided as referenced in Table 240.4(G).Table 240.4(G) Specific Conductor Applications Conductor Article Section Air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment circuit conductors 440, Parts III, IV, VI Capacitor circuit conductors 460 460.8(B) and 460.25 Control and instrumentation circuit conductors (Type ITC) 335 335.9 Electric welder circuit conductors 630 630.12 and 630.32 Fire alarm system circuit conductors 760 760.43, 760.45, 760.121, and Chapter 9, Tables 12(A) and 12(B) Motor-operated appliance circuit conductors 422, Part II Motor and motor-control circuit conductors 430, Parts II, III, IV, V, VI, VII Phase converter supply conductors 455 455.7 Remote-control, signaling, and power-limited circuit conductors 725 724.43, 724.45, 725.60, and Chapter 9, Tables 11 (A) and 11(B) Secondary tie conductors 450 450.6 [240.4(G)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(G))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(G)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.4(H)
Dwelling unit service and feeder conductors shall be permitted to be protected against overcurrent at the ampacity values in 310.12. [240.4(H)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(H))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.4(H)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.5
Flexible cord and flexible cable, including tinsel cord and extension cords, and fixture wires shall be protected against overcurrent by either 240.5(A) or (B). [240.5](https://2023.antflix.net#240.5)
https://2023.antflix.net#240.5
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.5(A)
Flexible cord and flexible cable shall be protected by an overcurrent device in accordance with their ampacity as specified in Table 400.5(A)(1) and Table 400.5(A)(2). Fixture wire shall be protected against overcurrent in accordance with its ampacity as specified in Table 402.5. Supplementary overcurrent protection, as covered in 240.10, shall be permitted to be an acceptable means for providing this protection. [240.5(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.5(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.5(A)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.5(B)
Flexible cord shall be protected, where supplied by a branch circuit, in accordance with one of the methods described in 240.5(B)(1), (B)(3), or (B)(4). Fixture wire shall be protected, where supplied by a branch circuit, in accordance with 240.5(B)(2). [240.5(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.5(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.5(B)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.5(B)(1)
Where flexible cord or tinsel cord is approved for and used with a specific listed appliance or luminaire, it shall be considered to be protected when applied within the appliance or luminaire listing requirements. For the purposes of this section, a luminaire may be either portable or permanent. [240.5(B)(1)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.5(B)(1))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.5(B)(1)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.5(B)(2)
Fixture wire shall be permitted to be tapped to the branch-circuit conductor of a branch circuit in accordance with the following: 15- or 20-ampere circuits - 18 AWG, up to 15 m (50 ft) of run length15- or 20-ampere circuits - 16 AWG, up to 30 m (100 ft) of run length20-ampere circuits - 14 AWG and larger30-ampere circuits - 14 AWG and larger40-ampere circuits - 12 AWG and larger50-ampere circuits - 12 AWG and larger [240.5(B)(2)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.5(B)(2))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.5(B)(2)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.5(B)(3)
Flexible cord used in listed extension cord sets shall be considered to be protected when applied within the extension cord listing requirements. [240.5(B)(3)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.5(B)(3))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.5(B)(3)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.5(B)(4)
Flexible cord used in extension cords made with separately listed and installed components shall be permitted to be supplied by a branch circuit in accordance with the following: 20-ampere circuits - 16 AWG and larger [240.5(B)(4)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.5(B)(4))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.5(B)(4)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.6(A)
The standard ampere ratings for fuses and inverse time circuit breakers shall be considered as shown in Table 240.6(A). Additional standard ampere ratings for fuses shall be 1, 3, 6, and 601. The use of fuses and inverse time circuit breakers with nonstandard ampere ratings shall be permitted.Table 240.6(A) Standard Ampere Ratings for Fuses and Inverse Time Circuit Breakers Standard Ampere Ratings 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 125 150 175 200 225 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800 1000 1200 1600 2000 2500 3000 4000 5000 6000 - - [240.6(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.6(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.6(A)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.6(B)
The rating of adjustable-trip circuit breakers having external means for adjusting the current setting (long-time pickup setting), not meeting the requirements of 240.6(C), shall be the maximum setting possible. [240.6(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.6(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.6(B)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.6(C)
A circuit breaker(s) that has restricted access to the adjusting means shall be permitted to have an ampere rating(s) that is equal to the adjusted current setting (long-time pickup setting). Restricted access shall be achieved by one of the following methods: Located behind removable and sealable covers over the adjusting meansLocated behind bolted equipment enclosure doorsLocated behind locked doors accessible only to qualified personnelPassword protected, with password accessible only to qualified personnelInformational Note: See NFPA 730, Guide for Premises Security, and ANSI/TIA-5017, Telecommunications Physical Network Security Standard, for information regarding physical security. [240.6(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.6(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.6(C)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.6(D)
A circuit breaker(s) that can be adjusted remotely to modify the adjusting means shall be permitted to have an ampere rating(s) that is equal to the adjusted current setting (long-time pickup setting). Remote access shall be achieved by one of the following methods: Connected directly through a local non-networked interface.Connected through a networked interface complying with one of the following methods:The circuit breaker and associated software for adjusting the settings are identified as being evaluated for cybersecurity.A cybersecurity assessment of the network is completed. Documentation of the assessment and certification shall be made available to those authorized to inspect, operate, and maintain the system.Informational Note No. 1: See ANSI/ISA 62443, Cybersecurity Standards series, UL 2900 Cybersecurity Standard series, or the NIST Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity, Version 1.1 for assessment requirements.Informational Note No. 2: Examples of the commissioning certification used to demonstrate the system has been investigated for cybersecurity vulnerabilities could be one of the following:The ISA Security Compliance Institute (ISCI) conformity assessment programCertification of compliance by a nationally recognized test laboratoryManufacturer certification for the specific type and brand of system providedInformational Note No. 3: Cybersecurity is a specialized field requiring constant, vigilant attention to security vulnerabilities that could arise due to software defects, system configuration changes, or user interactions. Installation of devices that can be secured is an important first step but not sufficient to guarantee a secure system. [240.6(D)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.6(D))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.6(D)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.7
The following shall be listed: Branch-circuit overcurrent protective devicesRelays and circuit breakers providing ground-fault protection of equipmentGround-fault circuit interrupter devices [240.7](https://2023.antflix.net#240.7)
https://2023.antflix.net#240.7
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.8
Fuses and circuit breakers shall be permitted to be connected in parallel where they are factory assembled in parallel and listed as a unit. Individual fuses, circuit breakers, or combinations thereof shall not otherwise be connected in parallel. [240.8](https://2023.antflix.net#240.8)
https://2023.antflix.net#240.8
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.9
Thermal relays and other devices not designed to open short circuits or ground faults shall not be used for the protection of conductors against overcurrent due to short circuits or ground faults, but the use of such devices shall be permitted to protect motor branch-circuit conductors from overload if protected in accordance with 430.40. [240.9](https://2023.antflix.net#240.9)
https://2023.antflix.net#240.9
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.10
Where supplementary overcurrent protection is used for luminaires, appliances, and other equipment or for internal circuits and components of equipment, it shall not be used as a substitute for required branch-circuit overcurrent devices or in place of the required branch-circuit protection. Supplementary overcurrent devices shall not be required to be readily accessible. [240.10](https://2023.antflix.net#240.10)
https://2023.antflix.net#240.10
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.11
If one or more feeder overcurrent protective devices are required to be selectively coordinated with a service overcurrent protective device by other requirements in this Code, all feeder overcurrent protective devices supplied directly by the service overcurrent protective device shall be selectively coordinated with the service overcurrent protective device. [240.11](https://2023.antflix.net#240.11)
https://2023.antflix.net#240.11
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.12
Where an orderly shutdown is required to minimize the hazard(s) to personnel or equipment, a system of coordination based on the following two conditions shall be permitted: Coordinated short-circuit protectionOverload indication based on monitoring systems or devicesInformational Note: The monitoring system may cause the condition to go to alarm, allowing corrective action or an orderly shutdown, thereby minimizing personnel hazard and equipment damage. [240.12](https://2023.antflix.net#240.12)
https://2023.antflix.net#240.12
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.13
Ground-fault protection of equipment shall be provided in accordance with 230.95 for solidly grounded wye electrical systems of more than 150 volts to ground but not exceeding 1000 volts phase-to-phase for each individual device used as a building or structure main disconnecting means rated 1000 amperes or more. This section shall not apply to the disconnecting means for the following:Continuous industrial processes where a nonorderly shutdown will introduce additional or increased hazardsInstallations where ground-fault protection is provided by other requirements for services or feedersFire pumps [240.13](https://2023.antflix.net#240.13)
https://2023.antflix.net#240.13
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.15(A)
A fuse or an overcurrent trip unit of a circuit breaker shall be connected in series with each ungrounded conductor. A combination of a current transformer and overcurrent relay shall be considered equivalent to an overcurrent trip unit. Informational Note: See Parts III, IV, V, and XI of Article 430 for motor circuits. [240.15(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.15(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.15(A)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.15(B)
Circuit breakers shall open all ungrounded conductors of the circuit both manually and automatically unless otherwise permitted in 240.15(B)(1), (B)(2), (B)(3), and (B)(4). [240.15(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.15(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.15(B)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.15(B)(1)
Individual single-pole circuit breakers, with identified handle ties, shall be permitted as the protection for each ungrounded conductor of multiwire branch circuits that serve only single-phase line-to-neutral loads. [240.15(B)(1)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.15(B)(1))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.15(B)(1)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.15(B)(2)
In grounded systems, individual single-pole circuit breakers rated 120/240 volts ac, with identified handle ties, shall be permitted as the protection for each ungrounded conductor for line-to-line connected loads for single-phase circuits. [240.15(B)(2)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.15(B)(2))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.15(B)(2)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.15(B)(3)
For line-to-line loads in 4-wire, 3-phase systems or 5-wire, 2-phase systems, individual single-pole circuit breakers rated 120/240 volts ac with identified handle ties shall be permitted as the protection for each ungrounded conductor, if the systems have a grounded neutral point and the voltage to ground does not exceed 120 volts. [240.15(B)(3)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.15(B)(3))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.15(B)(3)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.15(B)(4)
Individual single-pole circuit breakers rated 125/250 volts dc with identified handle ties shall be permitted as the protection for each ungrounded conductor for line-to-line connected loads for 3-wire, direct-current circuits supplied from a system with a grounded neutral where the voltage to ground does not exceed 125 volts. [240.15(B)(4)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.15(B)(4))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.15(B)(4)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.16
Branch-circuit overcurrent protective devices shall have an interrupting rating no less than 5000 amperes. [240.16](https://2023.antflix.net#240.16)
https://2023.antflix.net#240.16
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21
Overcurrent protection shall be provided in each ungrounded circuit conductor and shall be located at the point where the conductors receive their supply except as specified in 240.21(A) through (H). Conductors supplied under 240.21(A) through (H) shall not supply another conductor except through an overcurrent protective device meeting the requirements of 240.4. [240.21](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21)
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(A)
Branch-circuit tap conductors meeting the requirements specified in 210.19 shall be permitted to have overcurrent protection as specified in 210.20. [240.21(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(A)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(B)
Conductors shall be permitted to be tapped, without overcurrent protection at the tap, to a feeder as specified in 240.21(B)(1) through (B)(5). The tap shall be permitted at any point on the load side of the feeder overcurrent protective device. Section 240.4(B) shall not be permitted for tap conductors. [240.21(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(B)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(B)(1)
If the length of the tap conductors does not exceed 3 m (10 ft) and the tap conductors comply with all of the following: The ampacity of the tap conductors is as follows:Not less than the combined calculated loads on the circuits supplied by the tap conductorsNot less than the rating of the equipment containing an overcurrent device(s) supplied by the tap conductors or not less than the rating of the overcurrent protective device at the termination of the tap conductorsException to b: Where listed equipment, such as a surge-protective. device(s) [SPD(s)], is provided with specific instructions on minimum conductor sizing, the ampacity of the tap conductors supplying that equipment shall be permitted to be determined based on the manufacturer's instructions.The tap conductors do not extend beyond the switchboard, switchgear, panelboard, disconnecting means, or control devices they supply.Except at the point of connection to the feeder, the tap conductors are enclosed in a raceway, which extends from the tap to the enclosure of an enclosed switchboard, switchgear, a panelboard, or control devices, or to the back of an open switchboard.For field installations, if the tap conductors leave the enclosure or vault in which the tap is made, the ampacity of the tap conductors is not less than one-tenth of the rating of the overcurrent device protecting the feeder conductors.Informational Note: See 408.36 for overcurrent protection requirements for panelboards. [240.21(B)(1)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(B)(1))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(B)(1)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(B)(2)
Where the length of the tap conductors does not exceed 7.5 m (25 ft) and the tap conductors comply with all the following: The ampacity of the tap conductors is not less than one-third of the rating of the overcurrent device protecting the feeder conductors.The tap conductors terminate in a single circuit breaker or a single set of fuses that limit the load to the ampacity of the tap conductors. This device shall be permitted to supply any number of additional overcurrent devices on its load side.The tap conductors are protected from physical damage by being enclosed in an approved raceway or by other approved means. [240.21(B)(2)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(B)(2))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(B)(2)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(B)(3)
Where the tap conductors supply a transformer and comply with all the following conditions: The conductors supplying the primary of a transformer have an ampacity at least one-third the rating of the overcurrent device protecting the feeder conductors.The conductors supplied by the secondary of the transformer shall have an ampacity that is not less than the value of the primary-to-secondary voltage ratio multiplied by one-third of the rating of the overcurrent device protecting the feeder conductors.The total length of one primary plus one secondary conductor, excluding any portion of the primary conductor that is protected at its ampacity, is not over 7.5 m (25 ft).The primary and secondary conductors are protected from physical damage by being enclosed in an approved raceway or by other approved means.The secondary conductors terminate in a single circuit breaker or set of fuses that limit the load current to not more than the conductor ampacity that is permitted by 310.14. [240.21(B)(3)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(B)(3))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(B)(3)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(B)(4)
Where the feeder is in a high bay manufacturing building over 11 m (35 ft) high at walls and the installation complies with all the following conditions: Conditions of maintenance and supervision ensure that only qualified persons service the systems.The tap conductors are not over 7.5 m (25 ft) long horizontally and not over 30 m (100 ft) total length.The ampacity of the tap conductors is not less than one-third the rating of the overcurrent device protecting the feeder conductors.The tap conductors terminate at a single circuit breaker or a single set of fuses that limit the load to the ampacity of the tap conductors. This single overcurrent device shall be permitted to supply any number of additional overcurrent devices on its load side.The tap conductors are protected from physical damage by being enclosed in an approved raceway or by other approved means.The tap conductors are continuous from end-to-end and contain no splices.The tap conductors are sized 6 AWG copper or 4 AWG aluminum or larger.The tap conductors do not penetrate walls, floors, or ceilings.The tap is made no less than 9 m (30 ft) from the floor. [240.21(B)(4)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(B)(4))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(B)(4)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(B)(5)
Where the conductors are located outside of a building or structure, except at the point of load termination, and comply with all of the following conditions: The tap conductors are protected from physical damage in an approved manner.The tap conductors terminate at a single circuit breaker or a single set of fuses that limits the load to the ampacity of the tap conductors. This single overcurrent device shall be permitted to supply any number of additional overcurrent devices on its load side.The overcurrent device for the tap conductors is an integral part of a disconnecting means or shall be located immediately adjacent thereto.The disconnecting means for the tap conductors is installed at a readily accessible location complying with one of the following:Outside of a building or structureInside, nearest the point of entrance of the tap conductorsWhere installed in accordance with 230.6, nearest the point of entrance of the tap conductors [240.21(B)(5)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(B)(5))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(B)(5)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(C)
A set of conductors feeding a single load, or each set of conductors feeding separate loads, shall be permitted to be connected to a transformer secondary, without overcurrent protection at the secondary, as specified in 240.21(C)(1) through (C)(6). Section 240.4(B) shall not be permitted for transformer secondary conductors. Informational Note: See 450.3 for overcurrent protection requirements for transformers. [240.21(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(C)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(C)(1)
Conductors supplied by the secondary side of a single-phase transformer having a 2-wire (single-voltage) secondary, or a three-phase, delta-delta connected transformer having a 3-wire (single-voltage) secondary, shall be permitted to be protected by overcurrent protection provided on the primary (supply) side of the transformer, provided this protection is in accordance with 450.3 and does not exceed the value determined by multiplying the secondary conductor ampacity by the secondary-to-primary transformer voltage ratio. Single-phase (other than 2-wire) and multiphase (other than delta-delta, 3-wire) transformer secondary conductors are not considered to be protected by the primary overcurrent protective device. [240.21(C)(1)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(C)(1))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(C)(1)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(C)(2)
If the length of secondary conductor does not exceed 3 m (10 ft) and complies with all of the following: The ampacity of the secondary conductors is as follows:Not less than the combined calculated loads on the circuits supplied by the secondary conductorsNot less than the rating of the equipment containing an overcurrent device(s) supplied by the secondary conductors or not less than the rating of the overcurrent protective device at the termination of the secondary conductorsException: Where listed equipment, such as a surge protective device(s) [SPD(s)], is provided with specific instructions on minimum conductor sizing, the ampacity of the lap conductors supplying that equipment shall be permitted to be determined based on the manufacturer's instructions.The secondary conductors do not extend beyond the switchboard, switchgear, panelboard, disconnecting means, or control devices they supply.The secondary conductors are enclosed in a raceway, which shall extend from the transformer to the enclosure of an enclosed switchboard, switchgear, a panelboard, or control devices or to the back of an open switchboard.For field installations where the secondary conductors leave the enclosure or vault in which the supply connection is made, the secondary conductors shall have an ampacity that is not less than the value of the primary-to-secondary voltage ratio multiplied by one-tenth of the rating of the overcurrent device protecting the primary of the transformer.Informational Note: See 408.36 for overcurrent protection requirements for panelboards. [240.21(C)(2)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(C)(2))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(C)(2)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(C)(3)
For the supply of switchgear or switchboards in industrial installations only, where the length of the secondary conductors does not exceed 7.5 m (25 ft) and complies with all of the following: Conditions of maintenance and supervision ensure that only qualified persons service the systems.The ampacity of the secondary conductors is not less than the secondary current rating of the transformer, and the sum of the ratings of the overcurrent devices does not exceed the ampacity of the secondary conductors.All overcurrent devices are grouped.The secondary conductors are protected from physical damage by being enclosed in an approved raceway or by other approved means. [240.21(C)(3)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(C)(3))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(C)(3)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(C)(4)
Where the conductors are located outside of a building or structure, except at the point of load termination, and comply with all of the following conditions: The conductors are protected from physical damage in an approved manner.The conductors terminate at a single circuit breaker or a single set of fuses that limit the load to the ampacity of the conductors. This single overcurrent device shall be permitted to supply any number of additional overcurrent devices on its load side.The overcurrent device for the conductors is an integral part of a disconnecting means or shall be located immediately adjacent thereto.The disconnecting means for the conductors is installed at a readily accessible location complying with one of the following:Outside of a building or structureInside, nearest the point of entrance of the conductorsWhere installed in accordance with 230.6, nearest the point of entrance of the conductors [240.21(C)(4)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(C)(4))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(C)(4)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(C)(5)
Transformer secondary conductors installed in accordance with 240.21(B)(3) shall be permitted to have overcurrent protection as specified in that section. [240.21(C)(5)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(C)(5))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(C)(5)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(C)(6)
Where the length of secondary conductor does not exceed 7.5 m (25 ft) and complies with all of the following: The secondary conductors shall have an ampacity that is not less than the value of the primary-to-secondary voltage ratio multiplied by one-third of the rating of the overcurrent device protecting the primary of the transformer.The secondary conductors terminate in a single circuit breaker or set of fuses that limit the load current to not more than the conductor ampacity that is permitted by 310.14.The secondary conductors are protected from physical damage by being enclosed in an approved raceway or by other approved means. [240.21(C)(6)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(C)(6))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(C)(6)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(D)
Service conductors shall be permitted to be protected by overcurrent devices in accordance with 230.91. [240.21(D)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(D))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(D)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(E)
Busways and busway taps shall be permitted to be protected against overcurrent in accordance with 368.17. [240.21(E)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(E))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(E)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(F)
Motor-feeder and branch-circuit conductors shall be permitted to be protected against overcurrent in accordance with 430.28 and 430.53, respectively. [240.21(F)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(F))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(F)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(G)
Conductors from generator terminals that meet the size requirement in 445.13 shall be permitted to be protected against overload by the generator overload protective device(s) required by 445.12. [240.21(G)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(G))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(G)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.21(H)
Overcurrent protection shall be permitted to be installed as close as practicable to the storage battery terminals in an unclassified location. Installation of the overcurrent protection within a hazardous (classified) location shall also be permitted. [240.21(H)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(H))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.21(H)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.22
No overcurrent device shall be connected in series with any conductor that is intentionally grounded, unless one of the following two conditions is met: The overcurrent device opens all conductors of the circuit, including the grounded conductor, and is designed so that no pole can operate independently.Where required by 430.36 or 430.37 for motor overload protection. [240.22](https://2023.antflix.net#240.22)
https://2023.antflix.net#240.22
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.24(A)
Circuit breakers and switches containing fuses shall be readily accessible and installed so that the center of the grip of the operating handle of the switch or circuit breaker, when in its highest position, is not more than 2.0 m (6 ft 7 in.) above the floor or working platform, unless one of the following applies: For busways, as provided in 368.17(C).For supplementary overcurrent protection, as described in 240.10.For overcurrent protective devices, as described in 225.40 and 230.92.For overcurrent protective devices adjacent to utilization equipment that they supply, access shall be permitted to be by portable means.Exception: The use of a tool shall be permitted to access overcurrent protective devices located within listed industrial control panels, within enclosures designed for hazardous (classified) locations or enclosures to protect against environmental conditions. An enclosure within the scope of this exception, and all overcurrent protective device(s) within such enclosures as judged with the enclosure open, shall comply with the accessibility provisions of 240.24(A). [240.24(A)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.24(A))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.24(A)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.24(B)
Each occupant shall have ready access to all overcurrent devices protecting the conductors supplying that occupancy, unless otherwise permitted in 240.24(B)(1) and (B)(2). [240.24(B)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.24(B))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.24(B)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.24(B)(1)
Where electric service and electrical maintenance are provided by the building management and where these are under continuous building management supervision, the service overcurrent protective devices and feeder overcurrent protective devices supplying more than one occupancy shall be permitted to be accessible only to authorized management personnel in the following: Multiple-occupancy buildingsGuest rooms or guest suites [240.24(B)(1)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.24(B)(1))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.24(B)(1)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.24(B)(2)
Where electric service and electrical maintenance are provided by the building management and where these are under continuous building management supervision, the branch-circuit overcurrent protective devices supplying any guest rooms, guest suites, or sleeping rooms in dormitory units without permanent provisions for cooking shall be permitted to be accessible only to authorized management personnel. [240.24(B)(2)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.24(B)(2))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.24(B)(2)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.24(C)
Overcurrent protective devices shall be located where they will not be exposed to physical damage. Informational Note: See 110.11 for information on deteriorating agents that could cause physical damage. [240.24(C)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.24(C))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.24(C)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.24(D)
Overcurrent protective devices shall not be located in the vicinity of easily ignitible material, such as in clothes closets. [240.24(D)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.24(D))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.24(D)
Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
240.24(E)
Overcurrent protective devices, other than supplementary overcurrent protection, shall not be located in bathrooms, showering facilities, or locker rooms with showering facilities. [240.24(E)](https://2023.antflix.net#240.24(E))
https://2023.antflix.net#240.24(E)