recordId int64 | PMID int64 | title string | abstract string | labels int64 | abstract_labels int64 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
64 | 10,090,111 | Diuretics and beta-blockers do not have adverse effects at 1 year on plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles in men with hypertension. Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. | BACKGROUND: Concern based on the reported short-term adverse effects of antihypertensive agents on plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles (PLPPs) has complicated the therapy for hypertension. OBJECTIVE: To compare the long-term (1-year) effects of 6 different antihypertensive drugs and placebo on PLPPs in a multicenter... | 0 | 0 |
3,600 | 8,872,973 | Mechanism of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-related anemia in renal transplant recipients. | To delineate the pathogenesis of the reduction in hemoglobin occurring in renal transplant patients treated with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and azathioprine (AZA) a controlled, prospective trial of ACEI withdrawal was conducted. The ACEI was replaced by nifedipine or clonidine in 15 kidney transpla... | 0 | 0 |
3,849 | 9,108,812 | Clozapine and associated diabetes mellitus. | BACKGROUND: Clozapine is an effective therapy for the treatment of refractory psychosis. Clozapine-associated adverse effects include sedation, weight gain, sialorrhea, palpitations, seizures, and hematologic changes such as agranulocytosis. METHOD: We present a four-case series in which clozapine use was associated w... | 0 | 0 |
4,619 | 10,051,933 | The effectiveness of clonidine as an analgesic in paediatric adenotonsillectomy. | PURPOSE: To compare the analgesic effects of preoperative oral clonidine with intraoperative intravenous fentanyl in children undergoing tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy. METHODS: This randomized, controlled, double-blind study of 36 ASA I-II children, age 7-12 yr undergoing adenotonsillectomy was conducted at a te... | 0 | 0 |
4,623 | 10,053,177 | A controlled trial of sustained-release bupropion, a nicotine patch, or both for smoking cessation. | BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Use of nicotine-replacement therapies and the antidepressant bupropion helps people stop smoking. We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison of sustained-release bupropion (244 subjects), a nicotine patch (244 subjects), bupropion and a nicotine patch (245 subjects), and placebo... | 0 | 0 |
4,624 | 10,066,996 | Effects of methylphenidate on complex cognitive processing in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. | Three experiments were conducted to explore the effects of methylphenidate (MPH), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis, and age on performance on a complex visual-memory search task. Results showed that the effects of MPH varied with information load. On low-processing loads, all doses of MPH helpe... | 0 | 1 |
4,625 | 10,072,008 | Spinal clonidine prolongs labor analgesia from spinal sufentanil and bupivacaine. | UNLABELLED: We sought to determine whether spinal clonidine 50 microg prolongs the analgesia from the spinal administration of sufentanil 7.5 microg and bupivacaine 2.5 mg early in the first stage of labor. Thirty patients were randomized to receive a 2-mL spinal injection of sufentanil 7.5 microg + bupivacaine 2.5 mg... | 0 | 0 |
4,626 | 10,072,410 | Low-dose clozapine for the treatment of drug-induced psychosis in Parkinson's disease. | BACKGROUND: Drug-induced psychosis is a difficult problem to manage in patients with Parkinson's disease. Multiple open-label studies have reported that treatment with clozapine at low doses ameliorates psychosis without worsening parkinsonism. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial... | 0 | 0 |
4,630 | 10,078,501 | Predictors of relapse following response from a first episode of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. | BACKGROUND: We examined relapse after response to a first episode of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. METHODS: Patients with first-episode schizophrenia were assessed on measures of psychopathologic variables, cognition, social functioning, and biological variables and treated according to a standardized alg... | 0 | 0 |
4,634 | 10,084,637 | Comparison of risperidone and placebo for psychosis and behavioral disturbances associated with dementia: a randomized, double-blind trial. Risperidone Study Group. | BACKGROUND: We report the findings from the first large, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of psychotic and behavioral symptoms in institutionalized elderly patients with dementia. METHOD: 625 patients (67.8% women; mean age = 82.7 year... | 0 | 0 |
4,638 | 10,088,136 | THA improves word priming and clonidine enhances fluency and working memory in Alzheimer's disease. | We investigated the effects of a single administration of a cholinesterase inhibitor, tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA, 25 and 50 mg, orally), and an alpha 2-agonist, clonidine (0.5 and 2 micrograms/kg, orally), on neuropsychologic performance in two groups of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Clonidine enhanced a sp... | 0 | 0 |
4,639 | 10,091,617 | Selegiline-induced postural hypotension in Parkinson's disease: a longitudinal study on the effects of drug withdrawal. | OBJECTIVES: The United Kingdom Parkinson's Disease Research Group (UKPDRG) trial found an increased mortality in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) randomized to receive 10 mg selegiline per day and L-dopa compared with those taking L-dopa alone. Recently, we found that therapy with selegiline and L-dopa was assoc... | 0 | 0 |
4,640 | 10,093,649 | [Gamma-hydroxybutyrate for treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in intensive care patients. A comparison between with two symptom-oriented therapeutic concepts]. | UNLABELLED: Seeing as gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and benzodiazepines interact with the GABA-transmitter system, we investigated whether GHB can replace the conventional therapy, which uses benzodiazepines in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in ICU settings. METHODS: 42 chronic alcoholics were included in ... | 0 | 0 |
4,641 | 10,103,294 | Stimulant medication withdrawal during long-term therapy in children with comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and chronic multiple tic disorder. | OBJECTIVES: In this study we examined changes in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder behaviors and motor and vocal tics during withdrawal from long-term maintenance therapy with stimulant medication. METHODS: Subjects were 19 children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and chronic tic disorder who had ... | 0 | 1 |
4,642 | 10,150,160 | Translating safety, efficacy and compliance into economic value for controlled release dosage forms. | Advanced controlled release (CR) dosage forms are relative newcomers to pharmaceutical markets, and few studies relate their efficacy, safety or compliance benefits to economic value. This literature review was undertaken to assess the cost effectiveness of CR dosage forms using such measures as purchase costs, total t... | 0 | 0 |
4,643 | 10,192,826 | Guanfacine, but not clonidine, improves planning and working memory performance in humans. | The present study compares, using a double-blind, placebo controlled design the effects of two alpha 2-agonists, clonidine (0.5, 2, and 5 micrograms/kg) and guanfacine (7 and 29 micrograms/kg) on spatial working memory, planning and attentional set-shifting, functions thought to be dependent on the "central executive" ... | 0 | 0 |
4,644 | 10,192,829 | Ziprasidone 80 mg/day and 160 mg/day in the acute exacerbation of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder: a 6-week placebo-controlled trial. Ziprasidone Study Group. | In this double-blind study, patients with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were randomized to receive either ziprasidone 80 mg/day (n = 106) or 160 mg/day (n = 104) or placebo (n = 92), for 6 weeks. Both doses of ziprasidone were statistically significantly more effective than placebo ... | 0 | 0 |
4,648 | 10,195,528 | The neurotoxicity of drugs given intrathecally (spinal) | Overall, most spinal drugs in clinical use have been poorly studied for spinal cord and nerve root toxicity. Laboratory studies indicate that all local anesthetics are neurotoxic in high concentrations and that lidocaine and tetracaine have neurotoxic potential in clinically used concentrations. However, spinal anesthe... | 0 | 0 |
4,649 | 10,197,827 | Long-term methylphenidate therapy in children with comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and chronic multiple tic disorder. | BACKGROUND: This study examined changes in attention-deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) behaviors and motor and vocal tics during long-term treatment with methylphenidate. METHODS: Thirty-four prepubertal children with ADHD and chronic multiple tic disorder (who had participated in an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlle... | 1 | 1 |
4,650 | 10,201,102 | Further analysis of the separate and interactive effects of methylphenidate and common classroom contingencies. | We evaluated separate and interactive effects between common classroom contingencies and methylphenidate (MPH) on disruptive and off-task behaviors for 4 children with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Analogue conditions consisting of contingent teacher reprimands, brief time-out, no interaction... | 0 | 0 |
4,651 | 10,211,146 | Olanzapine versus haloperidol in the treatment of schizoaffective disorder. Acute and long-term therapy. | BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of antipsychotic monotherapy in schizoaffective disorder is limited, and further constrained by safety concerns. AIMS: We aimed to compare the efficacy, tolerability and safety profile of the new pharmaceutical, olanzapine, with haloperidol. METHOD: Data were assessed from 300 DSM-III-R s... | 0 | 0 |
4,655 | 10,211,147 | Randomised double-blind comparison of the incidence of tardive dyskinesia in patients with schizophrenia during long-term treatment with olanzapine or haloperidol. | BACKGROUND: Tardive dyskinesia is important in the side-effect profile of antipsychotic medication. AIMS: The development of tardive dyskinesia was evaluated in patients treated with double-blind, randomly assigned olanzapine or haloperidol for up to 2.6 years. METHODS: Tardive dyskinesia was assessed by the Abnormal ... | 0 | 0 |
4,659 | 10,227,114 | Pre-AIDS mortality and morbidity among injection drug users in Amsterdam and Baltimore: an ecological comparison. | Mortality and morbidity between injecting drug users in Amsterdam (n = 624) and Baltimore (n = 2,185) are compared to generate a hypothesis about the role of different health care systems and drug user policies (universal care and harm reduction versus episodic care and criminalization, respectively). Overdose/suicide ... | 0 | 0 |
4,660 | 10,229,041 | Response to methylphenidate in boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. | The response to methylphenidate was examined in 36 boys, aged 7-11 y, with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Hyperactivity and conduct problems were significantly reduced during methylphenidate treatment. Stimulant medication was associated with imp... | 0 | 1 |
4,661 | 10,230,181 | Stimulant medications. | OBJECTIVE: To review the short- and long-term safety and efficacy of stimulants for the treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD: A Medline search was conducted for both randomized controlled trials and reviews to determine the efficacy and safety of stimulant drugs for treati... | 0 | 1 |
4,662 | 10,230,185 | Antipsychotics in children and adolescents. | OBJECTIVES: To present a critical overview of the available evidence for the efficacy and safety of antipsychotic agents in children and adolescents and to identify knowledge gaps and needs for further research. Data from adults that are relevant to children are discussed. METHOD: Mainly reports of double-blind, place... | 0 | 0 |
4,663 | 10,319,784 | Epidural clonidine or bupivacaine as the sole analgesic agent during and after abdominal surgery: a comparative study. | BACKGROUND: The rationale of this study was to compare high-dose epidural clonidine with a more commonly used agent, such as bupivacaine. This was performed to give a more objective idea of the relative analgesic potency of epidural clonidine. METHODS: Sixty patients undergoing intestinal surgery during propofol anest... | 0 | 0 |
4,664 | 10,321,415 | Safety profile of sustained-release bupropion in depression: results of three clinical trials. | This series of studies was undertaken to assess the safety profile of sustained-release (SR) bupropion in the treatment of depressed outpatients. Adults with a diagnosis of major depression were evaluated in 1 of 3 multicenter, randomized, double-masked, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trials conducted in private-pr... | 0 | 0 |
4,665 | 10,327,902 | Olanzapine versus placebo in the treatment of acute mania. Olanzapine HGEH Study Group. | OBJECTIVE: The primary intent of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of olanzapine and placebo in the treatment of acute mania. METHOD: The design involved a random-assignment, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group study of 3 weeks' duration. After a 2- to 4-day screening period, qualified pati... | 0 | 0 |
4,669 | 10,350,032 | Controlled trial of high doses of pemoline for adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. | Despite the increasing awareness of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults, there are a limited number of controlled pharmacologic studies of this disorder. Because the stimulant medication magnesium pemoline (Cylert, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL) has been found effective in treating ADHD in ... | 1 | 1 |
4,670 | 10,350,037 | Schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder treated with high doses of olanzapine. | null | 0 | 0 |
4,674 | 10,356,632 | Event-related potential indices of auditory selective attention in dependent amphetamine users. | BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to further investigate a previously reported attention-related impairment in dependent amphetamine users using event-related potential (ERP) indices of selective attention. METHODS: ERPs were recorded during an auditory selective attention task (SAT) that involved detecting... | 0 | 0 |
4,675 | 10,357,339 | Adding clonidine to lidocaine for intravenous regional anesthesia prevents tourniquet pain. | UNLABELLED: Tourniquet pain often complicates the use of the pneumatic tourniquet during surgical procedures performed under IV regional anesthesia. Clonidine-containing local anesthetic solutions have better analgesic properties than plain solutions when used for spinal, epidural, or peripheral blocks. We tested the ... | 0 | 0 |
4,676 | 10,363,731 | A placebo-controlled comparison of the antidepressant efficacy and effects on sexual functioning of sustained-release bupropion and sertraline. | Sexual dysfunction, a frequently reported side effect of many antidepressants, may result in patient dissatisfaction and noncompliance with treatment regimens. This paper describes the results of the first placebo-controlled comparison of the efficacy, safety, and effects on sexual functioning of sustained-release bupr... | 0 | 0 |
4,677 | 10,365,192 | Pergolide mesylate for cocaine abuse: a controlled preliminary trial. | A small, controlled study was conducted to assess whether pergolide mesylate has clinical promise as a treatment for cocaine abuse prior to embarking on a larger, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Fourteen individuals were placed on placebo for 2 weeks, followed by a 24-week single-blind study in which they w... | 0 | 0 |
4,678 | 10,366,082 | Efficacy of apraclonidine 1% versus pilocarpine 4% for prophylaxis of intraocular pressure spike after argon laser trabeculoplasty. | OBJECTIVE: The authors compared the efficacy of apraclonidine 1% versus pilocarpine 4% prophylaxis of post-argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT) intraocular pressure (IOP) spike. DESIGN: Prospective randomized clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred twenty-eight eyes of 228 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma unde... | 0 | 0 |
4,679 | 10,376,125 | Choreoathetoid movements in cocaine dependence. | BACKGROUND: To evaluate the severity of choreoathetoid movements in cocaine dependent (CD) subjects and age-matched normal control subjects. METHODS: Choreoathetoid movements were evaluated using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) in samples of 71 CD, 56 normal control, and 9 amphetamine-dependent male sub... | 0 | 0 |
4,680 | 10,376,129 | EEG correlates of methylphenidate response among children with ADHD: a preliminary report. | BACKGROUND: Recent electrophysiologic studies have found fairly consistent differences between children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and age-matched control subjects. The present study examined electroencephalogram (EEG) changes associated with a double blind, placebo-controlled administration ... | 0 | 0 |
4,681 | 10,385,840 | Behavioral and electrophysiologic predictors of treatment response to stimulants in children with attention disorders. | Behavioral and quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) techniques were used to evaluate treatment response to stimulant therapy in children with attention disorders. A sample of 130 children with attention disorders were evaluated with Conners and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders--III rating scal... | 0 | 0 |
4,682 | 10,401,913 | Clozapine and obsessions in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. | BACKGROUND: The increase or emergence of obsessions was compared in young patients with recent-onset schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders taking clozapine and other antipsychotic drugs. METHOD: We conducted a retrospective cohort study. Subjects were 121 consecutively admitted patients diagnosed with DSM-III-R s... | 0 | 0 |
4,686 | 10,416,728 | Risperidone versus haloperidol on secondary memory: can newer medications aid learning? | The introduction of the new generation of antipsychotic medications for the treatment of schizophrenia has been accompanied by a growing interest in the neurocognitive effects of these drugs. The present study compared the effects of risperidone and haloperidol on secondary memory in a group of treatment-resistant schi... | 0 | 0 |
4,690 | 10,417,466 | Nefopam and clonidine in the prevention of postanaesthetic shivering. | Postanaesthetic shivering affects up to 70% of patients after general anaesthesia, and may be very distressing. Various drugs have been used to treat or prevent postanaesthetic shivering, but the ideal one has not yet been found. Sixty patients undergoing elective abdominal or orthopaedic surgery under general anaesthe... | 0 | 0 |
4,691 | 10,423,584 | Alpha 2-agonist versus alpha 1-antagonist in mild-to-moderate hypertension: comparison of transdermal clonidine and terazosin monotherapies. | A double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group trial that used a predominantly Hispanic patient population with mild-to-moderate hypertension was designed to compare the efficacy, safety, and acceptability of monotherapy with either transdermal clonidine applied once a week or terazosin tablets taken once a day. Of 44 pa... | 0 | 0 |
4,695 | 10,432,470 | Effect of methylphenidate on attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): ERP evidence. | Methylphenidate is the most common treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and has been shown to improve attention and behaviour. However, the precise nature of methylphenidate on specific aspects of attention at different dose levels remains unclear. We studied methylphenidate effects in ADHD fro... | 0 | 0 |
4,696 | 10,432,791 | Perceptual and response interference in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and the effects of methylphenidate. | Fourteen children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 14 normal control children were compared with respect to stimulus- and response-related processes. Subjects with ADHD took part in two additional sessions under methylphenidate or placebo. In both experiments, performance and electrophysiologica... | 0 | 1 |
4,697 | 10,434,228 | Population pharmacokinetics of methylphenidate in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. | Sources of individual variation in plasma methylphenidate (MP) concentrations during usual clinical use are not established. This was evaluated in a series of patients receiving clinical treatment with MP. A single plasma MP concentration was determined in each of 273 children and adolescents ages 5 to 18 years (mean: ... | 0 | 0 |
4,698 | 10,434,822 | Neuropeptide Y response to tracheal intubation in anaesthetized children: effects of clonidine vs midazolam as premedication. | We have determined if tracheal intubation causes an increase in neuropeptide Y (NPY), a marker of major adrenergic activation, and investigated if rectal premedication with clonidine 2.5 micrograms kg-1 might be capable of attenuating the stress response to tracheal intubation compared with midazolam 300 micrograms kg-... | 0 | 0 |
4,699 | 10,435,394 | Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of risperidone effects on electroencephalography in healthy volunteers. | RATIONALE: CNS-active drugs produce specific electroencephalographic changes and the concentration-effect relationship of antipsychotics may be elucidated by adopting electroencephalography (EEG) as an effect measurement tool. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to determine the concentration-effect relati... | 0 | 0 |
4,700 | 10,435,771 | A comparison of olanzapine with haloperidol in cannabis-induced psychotic disorder: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. | Little controlled data exist on the treatment of substance induced psychotic disorders. In this study, 30 patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for cannabis induced psychotic disorder were randomly allocated to receive either olanzapine or haloperidol in a 4-week double-blind clinical trial. There were no significant outcom... | 0 | 0 |
4,704 | 10,440,593 | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials with non-prescription medications for the treatment of obesity. | OBJECTIVE: Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) and benzocaine are non-prescription medications approved for treating obesity. The dose of PPA for weight loss is 75 mg/day. PPA has the same chemical similarity to pseudoephedrine that amphetamine has to methamphetamine. Because benzocaine causes weight loss by altering taste and ... | 0 | 0 |
4,705 | 10,453,796 | Development of depression during placebo-controlled trials of bupropion for smoking cessation: case reports. | BACKGROUND: Recent attention has focused on the relationship between depression and smoking cessation. This article describes 5 cases of severe depression that occurred during 2 multicenter trials using bupropion for smoking cessation. METHOD: Subjects were participants in 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlle... | 0 | 0 |
4,706 | 10,468,313 | Safety of amisulpride (Solian): a review of 11 clinical studies. | We assessed the overall safety profile of amisulpride based on the results from 11 clinical studies performed in patients suffering from schizophrenia with predominance of positive or negative symptoms. A total of 1933 patients were randomly assigned to treatment with amisulpride (n = 1247) or haloperidol (n = 309), ri... | 0 | 0 |
4,710 | 10,472,699 | [Preoperative clonidine comedication within the scope of balanced inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane in oral surgery procedures]. | Both clonidine and sevoflurane are interesting drugs for anaesthesia in maxillo-facial surgery. The present study was performed to discover how far it is possible to combine the benefits of sevoflurane (fast modulation of depth of anaesthesia, rapid emergence and recovery) and clonidine (reduction of perioperative stre... | 0 | 0 |
4,711 | 10,478,300 | [Drug therapy of hyperkinetic diseases in adults]. | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often diagnosed in children. Some major studies proved that symptoms can persist until the patients are grown up and that the prevalence of adult ADHD is underestimated. The classification systems ICD-10 and DSM-IV allow a diagnosis for adults, they differ, however, fr... | 0 | 0 |
4,712 | 10,480,663 | The treatment of tardive dyskinesia--a systematic review and meta-analysis. | This systematic review aimed to collate randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of various interventions used to treat tardive dyskinesia (TD) and, where appropriate, to combine the data for meta-analysis. Clinical trials were identified by electronic searches, handsearches and contact with principal investigators. Data we... | 0 | 0 |
4,713 | 10,484,947 | Risperidone in treatment-refractory schizophrenia. | OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of risperidone compared to haloperidol in patients with treatment-refractory schizophrenia. METHOD: Sixty-seven medication-unresponsive subjects were randomly assigned to treatment with risperidone (N = 34) or haloperidol (N = 33). A... | 0 | 0 |
4,717 | 10,485,774 | Intravenous regional anesthesia using lidocaine and clonidine. | BACKGROUND: Clonidine has been added to local anesthetic regimens for various peripheral nerve blocks, resulting in prolonged anesthesia and analgesia. The authors postulated that using clonidine as a component of intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) would enhance postoperative analgesia. METHODS: Forty-five patient... | 0 | 0 |
4,718 | 10,505,583 | Precision and comparability of adverse event rates of newer antidepressants. | Due to the scarcity of clinical trials (CTs) directly comparing newer antidepressants, clinicians and reviewers often compare drugs on the basis of active drug and placebo-subtracted adverse event rates (AERs) published in references such as the Physician's Desk Reference in the United States, the Compendium of Pharmac... | 0 | 0 |
4,719 | 10,505,585 | Controlled, double-blind investigation of the clozapine discontinuation symptoms with conversion to either olanzapine or placebo. The Collaborative Crossover Study Group. | The abrupt appearance of clozapine discontinuation symptoms represents a particularly unique situation that has not been characterized in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A randomized, double-blind comparison of placebo (N = 53) and olanzapine 10 mg (N = 53) for 3 to 5 days following the abrupt discontinuation... | 0 | 0 |
4,723 | 10,513,460 | Evaluation of individual subjects in the analog classroom setting: II. Effects of dose of amphetamine (Adderall). | Multiple dependent variables were graphed for 29 subjects who participated in a double-blind evaluation of 4 doses of Adderall, plus positive (methylphenidate) and placebo control conditions. Five judges ranked the conditions for each subject, and analyses of individual subjects indicated that these rankings were conco... | 0 | 0 |
4,724 | 10,513,857 | Treatment of depression in patients with heart disease. | Patients with depression are more likely than patients without depression to develop ischemic heart disease and suffer cardiac-related death. Recent evidence suggests that the association between depression and increased cardiac mortality may in part be due to an increase in platelet activity and an imbalance in sympat... | 0 | 0 |
4,725 | 10,520,611 | Diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and use of psychotropic medication in very young children. | CONTEXT: Increases in diagnosis and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have elicited public and professional concern. Research suggests that this trend warrants the inclusion of previously underdiagnosed children and adults. It is not clear whether this trend includes young children. OBJECTIV... | 0 | 0 |
4,726 | 10,553,730 | Antipsychotic-induced weight gain: a comprehensive research synthesis. | OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to estimate and compare the effects of antipsychotics-both the newer ones and the conventional ones-on body weight. METHOD: A comprehensive literature search identified 81 English- and non-English-language articles that included data on weight change in antipsychotic-treated pa... | 0 | 0 |
4,730 | 10,553,837 | Interscalene brachial plexus analgesia after open shoulder surgery: continuous versus patient-controlled infusion. | UNLABELLED: In this prospective, randomized, double-blinded study, we assessed the efficacy of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for continuous interscalene analgesia after open shoulder surgery. Sixty patients were divided into three groups of 20. During a 48-h period, they received, via an interscalene catheter, a ... | 0 | 0 |
4,731 | 10,565,800 | Olanzapine compared to lithium in mania: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. | Neuroleptics are of established efficacy in mania. Controlled data on the use of olanzapine in mania is however, absent. In this study, 30 patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for mania were randomly allocated to receive either olanzapine or lithium in a 4 week double-blind randomized controlled design. There were no signi... | 0 | 0 |
4,735 | 10,587,774 | Pharmacological treatment of depression. Consulting with Dr Oscar. | OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacological treatment of depression and to evaluate current strategies for treatment to maximize the benefits of antidepressant medications. QUALITY OF EVIDENCE: MEDLINE was searched to January 1999, using the headings depression, combination, augmentation, lithium, triiodothyronine, pindo... | 0 | 0 |
4,736 | 10,589,634 | Oral clonidine premedication enhances postoperative analgesia by epidural morphine. | UNLABELLED: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of oral clonidine premedication on postoperative analgesia by epidural morphine in a prospective, randomized, double-blinded design. Sixty consenting patients, scheduled for total abdominal hysterectomy, were randomly assigned to one of three groups (n = 20 e... | 0 | 0 |
4,737 | 10,591,283 | A 14-month randomized clinical trial of treatment strategies for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The MTA Cooperative Group. Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with ADHD. | BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated the short-term efficacy of pharmacotherapy and behavior therapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but no longer-term (i.e., >4 months) investigations have compared these 2 treatments or their combination. METHODS: A group of 579 children with ADHD Combi... | 0 | 1 |
4,738 | 10,591,284 | Moderators and mediators of treatment response for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the Multimodal Treatment Study of children with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. | BACKGROUND: Intent-to-treat analyses of the study revealed that medication management, alone or combined with intensive behavioral treatment, was superior to behavioral treatment and community care in reducing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms; but only combined treatment showed consistently gre... | 0 | 0 |
4,739 | 10,591,285 | Development of clinical services for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. | null | 0 | 0 |
4,740 | 10,591,309 | Double-blind methylphenidate trials: practical, useful, and highly endorsed by families. | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a 3-week, randomized, double-blind, methylphenidate placebo-controlled trial (MPT) in routine practice for children with attention-deficit disorder. PATIENTS AND METHODS: School-aged children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fo... | 0 | 1 |
4,741 | 10,596,559 | [Adverse hemodynamic changes during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and their possible suppression with clonidine premedication. Comparison with intravenous and intramuscular premedication]. | Laparoscopic cholecystectomies have adverse haemodynamic effects which limit their use in risk patients with heart disease. This applies in particular to significant hypertension. The etiology is analysed in detail in a review of the literature. The authors confirmed in their work involving 21 patients the incidence of... | 0 | 0 |
4,742 | 10,596,735 | Sexual dysfunction associated with the treatment of depression: a placebo-controlled comparison of bupropion sustained release and sertraline treatment. | This study compared the sexual functioning effects as well as the safety and efficacy of bupropion sustained release (bupropion SR) and sertraline. Three hundred sixty-four patients with normal sexual functioning and recurrent major depression were treated with bupropion SR (150-400 mg/day), sertraline (50-200 mg/day),... | 0 | 0 |
4,743 | 10,598,217 | Lofexidine for opiate detoxification: review of recent randomised and open controlled trials. | The objective of this article was to review the data from recently published trials of lofexidine in the treatment of opiate withdrawal, with particular attention to evidence on efficacy, side-effects (particularly hypotension), and the acceptability of this new treatment to the patient population. The authors reviewed... | 0 | 0 |
4,744 | 10,601,673 | Relative potency of epidural to intrathecal clonidine differs between acute thermal pain and capsaicin-induced allodynia. | Clonidine is approved in the US for epidural administration in the treatment of intractable neuropathic cancer pain, but is also administered intrathecally for this indication and both epidurally and intrathecally in the treatment of acute, postoperative pain. The purpose of the current study was to estimate the relati... | 0 | 0 |
4,745 | 10,606,837 | Pharmacokinetic analysis of felodipine-grapefruit juice interaction based on an irreversible enzyme inhibition model. | UNLABELLED: Aims Ingestion of grapefruit juice (GFJ) alters the pharmacokinetics of various orally administered drugs. Quantitative evaluation of this GFJ-drug interaction is required for the proper clinical management of patients. Methods Using felodipine as a model drug, we constructed a pharmacokinetic model based ... | 0 | 0 |
4,749 | 10,606,838 | Effect of caffeine on clozapine pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers. | AIMS: To assess the effects of caffeine on the pharmacokinetics of clozapine in healthy volunteers. METHODS: This was an open label randomized crossover study in 12 nonsmoking healthy male volunteers. The subjects received a single oral dose of 12.5 mg clozapine in each phase with or without concomitant intake of caff... | 0 | 0 |
4,753 | 10,616,134 | Validation of a Bengali adaptation of the Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS-48). | BACKGROUND: The Conners' Parent Rating Scales (CPRS) have been used to measure behavioural problems in drug trials in children for many years. This study in rural India aimed to validate a translated version of the CPRS-48 for use in a study of anti-epileptic drug side-effects. METHOD: The Scale was translated into lo... | 0 | 0 |
4,754 | 10,625,080 | Randomized double-blind controlled trial comparing the effects of ibuprofen with indomethacin on cerebral hemodynamics in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus. | A prospective randomized controlled trial was performed to compare the effects of ibuprofen with indomethacin on cerebral hemodynamics measured using near infrared spectroscopy in preterm infants during treatment for patent ductus arteriosus. Infants were randomly assigned to three intravenous doses of either indometha... | 0 | 1 |
4,755 | 10,632,912 | Pretreatment with oral clonidine attenuates cardiovascular responses to tracheal extubation in children. | This study was designed to evaluate the effects of diazepam and clonidine orally given preoperatively on cardiovascular responses to tracheal extubation in children. Fifty children, ASA physical status I, aged 4-10 years, undergoing minor elective surgery (inguinal hernia, phimosis) received orally, in a randomized, do... | 0 | 0 |
4,756 | 10,637,400 | Dementia in developing countries. A consensus statement from the 10/66 Dementia Research Group. | Less than one-tenth of all population-based research into dementia is directed towards the two-thirds or more of cases living in developing parts of the world. The 10/66 Dementia Research Group has been formed to redress this imbalance, encouraging active research collaboration between centres in different developing c... | 0 | 0 |
4,760 | 10,637,676 | Fact versus fancy concerning the multimodal treatment study for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. | Findings from the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), the MTA, have been much discussed but frequently misinterpreted or mischaracterized. Misinterpretations regarding the specific nature of and rationale for the study design, the effectiveness of the behavioural... | 0 | 0 |
4,761 | 10,637,677 | The NIMH multimodal treatment study for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: just say yes to drugs alone? | The outcome, merits, and limitations of the Multimodal Treatment Study for Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), the MTA study, are described and discussed. Consideration is given to design issues that make the MTA a landmark study for clinicians and researchers working with ADHD children. Thes... | 0 | 0 |
4,762 | 10,637,678 | Lessons from large trials: the MTA study as a model for evaluating the treatment of childhood psychiatric disorder. | OBJECTIVE: To review the methodology of the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), the MTA study, and its implications for the design of future child mental health treatment studies. METHOD: The characteristics of large-scale studies envisioned by trialists engaged... | 0 | 0 |
4,763 | 10,637,679 | In the wake of the MTA: charting a new course for the study and treatment of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. | This paper considers 3 questions addressed by the National Institute of Mental Health's Collaborative Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), the MTA study, of pharmacological and behavioural interventions for 7- to 9-year-old ADHD children. First, do behavioural int... | 0 | 0 |
4,764 | 10,637,684 | Parental knowledge of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and opinions of treatment options: impact on enrollment and adherence to a 12-month treatment trial. | OBJECTIVE: This study examines the relationship between parents' knowledge of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and opinions of treatment and their impact on enrolment in and adherence to both pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions for children with ADHD. METHOD: Participants in the study w... | 0 | 0 |
4,765 | 10,647,097 | Lack of drug interactions between mirtazapine and risperidone in psychiatric patients: a pilot study. | An open-label, non-randomized, pilot study has been performed in inpatients in need of treatment with an antipsychotic (risperidone) and an antidepressant (mirtazapine) with the objective to preliminarily assess a possible pharmacokinetic interaction and the tolerability of this combination. A 1-4-week single drug trea... | 0 | 0 |
4,769 | 10,653,210 | Laboratory measures of methylphenidate effects in cocaine-dependent patients receiving treatment. | Two experiments examined the effects of methylphenidate in male and female patients enrolled in an outpatient treatment program for primary cocaine dependence. The first study was a component of a double-blind efficacy trial wherein 57 patients were first tested in a human laboratory for their initial responsiveness to... | 0 | 0 |
4,770 | 10,660,814 | A pilot study of methylphenidate, clonidine, or the combination in ADHD comorbid with aggressive oppositional defiant or conduct disorder. | A pilot comparison of the safety and efficacy of methylphenidate (MPH) combined with clonidine, clonidine monotherapy, or MPH monotherapy in 6- to 16-year-old children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and comorbid aggressive oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder was completed. ... | 0 | 1 |
4,771 | 10,663,415 | The effect of bupropion on nicotine craving and withdrawal. | RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Bupropion has demonstrated efficacy for smoking cessation. Given the importance of nicotine craving and withdrawal in the smoking cessation process, the current study examined the effects of bupropion on these parameters during smoking abstinence. METHODS: During a 2-day Baseline phase with a... | 0 | 0 |
4,772 | 10,671,847 | Effect of clonidine premedication on haemodynamic responses to fibreoptic bronchoscopy. | The usual haemodynamic response to fibreoptic bronchoscopy is an increase in heart rate and blood pressure. We therefore compared, in a prospective, randomised, double-blind study, the effect of two doses of oral clonidine premedication (150 microg or 300 microg) with placebo (control group) on the haemodynamic alterat... | 0 | 0 |
4,773 | 10,671,903 | Non-linear pharmacokinetics of MDMA ('ecstasy') in humans. | AIMS: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, commonly called ecstasy) is a synthetic compound increasingly popular as a recreational drug. Little is known about its pharmacology, including its metabolism and pharmacokinetics, in humans in controlled settings. A clinical trial was designed for the evaluation of MDMA ... | 0 | 0 |
4,774 | 10,688,158 | Dopamine D2 receptor occupancy by olanzapine or risperidone in young patients with schizophrenia. | A crucial characteristic of antipsychotic medication is the occupancy of the dopamine (DA) D2 receptor. We assessed striatal DA D2 receptor occupancy by olanzapine and risperidone in 36 young patients [31 males, 5 females; mean age 21.1 years (16-28)] with first episode schizophrenia, using [123I]iodobenzamide (IBZM) S... | 0 | 0 |
4,778 | 10,691,221 | Low-dose clonidine and neostigmine prolong the duration of intrathecal bupivacaine-fentanyl for labor analgesia. | BACKGROUND: Intrathecal (IT) opioid and local anesthetic combinations are popular for labor analgesia because of rapid, effective pain relief, but the duration of analgesia is limited. This study was undertaken to determine whether the addition of clonidine and neostigmine to IT bupivacaine-fentanyl would increase the... | 0 | 0 |
4,779 | 10,704,958 | Olanzapine increases slow-wave sleep: evidence for blockade of central 5-HT(2C) receptors in vivo. | BACKGROUND: The study aimed to determine the effects of the atypical antipsychotic agent, olanzapine, on the polysomnogram in healthy subjects. We predicted that olanzapine, via serotonin(2C) (5-HT(2C)) receptor blockade, would increase slow-wave sleep (SWS). METHODS: We studied the effects of single evening doses of ... | 0 | 0 |
4,783 | 10,711,900 | The use of topical aqueous suppressants in the prevention of postoperative intraocular pressure elevation after pars plana vitrectomy with long-acting gas tamponade. | OBJECTIVE: To determine whether topical aqueous suppressant therapy applied after pars plana vitrectomy with gas tamponade prevents postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation. DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized comparative study. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-one patients who met inclusion criteria and underwent pars pl... | 0 | 0 |
4,784 | 10,716,102 | Rapid opiate detoxication in outpatient treatment: relationship with naltrexone compliance. | A variety of detoxification methods have been utilized for the treatment of heroin withdrawal before individuals begin long-term opiate-free and naltrexone programs. While methadone in decreasing doses is still widely used for detoxication procedures, rapid and ultrarapid protocols including clonidine and opiate recept... | 0 | 0 |
4,785 | 10,720,292 | Randomized trial of modafinil as a treatment for the excessive daytime somnolence of narcolepsy: US Modafinil in Narcolepsy Multicenter Study Group. | OBJECTIVE: This is one of two separate clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of modafinil, a novel wake-promoting agent, in patients with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) associated with narcolepsy. METHODS: In this 9-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, 21-center clinical trial, patient... | 0 | 0 |
4,786 | 10,722,180 | A multicentre, double-blind, randomized comparison of quetiapine (ICI 204,636, 'Seroquel') and haloperidol in schizophrenia. | BACKGROUND: Quetiapine (ICI 204,636, 'Seroquel') is a new atypical antipsychotic agent with a similar binding profile to the original atypical antipsychotic, clozapine. Its clinical efficacy has already been demonstrated at multiple fixed doses (150-750 mg/day) and has been suggested to be comparable with haloperidol ... | 0 | 0 |
4,790 | 10,731,625 | Effects of isradipine, a dihydropyridine-class calcium channel antagonist, on D-methamphetamine-induced cognitive and physiological changes in humans. | D-methamphetamine is abused for its euphoric effects and stimulatory action on cognitive function. Its abuse can, however, be associated with massive hypertension resulting in strokes, ruptured aneurysms, or myocardial infarction. We examined the utility of isradipine, a dihydropyridine-class calcium channel antagonist... | 0 | 0 |
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cohen-adhd-clean
This dataset was created from the file ADHD-clean.csv in the collection of data files.
Dataset Structure
The dataset contains 851 rows and 6 columns.
Features
recordId: int64PMID: int64title: objectabstract: objectlabels: int64abstract_labels: int64
Source
Original file: ADHD-clean.csv
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