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Nickel hydrazine nitrate (NHN) , (chemical formula: [Ni(N 2 H 4 ) 3 ](NO 3 ) 2 is an energetic material having explosive properties in between that of primary explosive and a secondary explosive. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is a salt of a coordination compound of nickel .
NHN can be synthesized by reacting ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel_hydrazine_nitrate |
Nickel monosilicide is an intermetallic compound formed out of nickel and silicon . Like other nickel silicides , NiSi is of importance in the area of microelectronics .
Nickel monosilicide can be prepared by depositing a nickel layer on silicon and subsequent annealing . In the case of Ni films with thicknesses above... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel_monosilicide |
The nickel organic acid salts are organic acid salts of nickel . In many of these the ionised organic acid acts as a ligand .
Nickel acetate has the formula (CH 3 COO) 2 Ni·4H 2 O. It has monodentate acetate and hydrogen bonding. A dihydrate also exists. Nickel acetate is used to seal anodised aluminium . [ 1 ]
Nicke... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel_organic_acid_salts |
Nickel oxide hydroxide is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula NiO(OH). It is a black solid that is insoluble in all solvents but attacked by base and acid. It is a component of the nickel–metal hydride battery and of the nickel–iron battery .
Nickel(III) oxides are often poorly characterized and are assum... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel_oxide_hydroxide |
A nickel sulfide inclusion , also abbreviated to NiS, occurs during the process of manufacturing float glass (normal window glass).
In a batch of glass , contaminants that contain nickel might be present (e.g. stainless steel .)
These can combine with sulfur to form nickel sulfide inclusions. Furnaces produce hundred... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel_sulfide_inclusion |
Nickel titanium , also known as nitinol , is a metal alloy of nickel and titanium , where the two elements are present in roughly equal atomic percentages. Different alloys are named according to the weight percentage of nickel; e.g., nitinol 55 and nitinol 60 .
Nitinol alloys exhibit two closely related and unique pr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel_titanium |
A nicking enzyme (or nicking endonuclease ) is an enzyme that cuts only one strand of a double-stranded DNA or RNA molecule [ 1 ] at a specific recognition nucleotide sequence known as the restriction site . Such enzymes hydrolyze (cut) only one strand of the DNA duplex, to produce DNA molecules that are “ nicked ”, ra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicking_enzyme |
Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction (NEAR) is a method for in vitro DNA amplification like the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). NEAR is isothermal, replicating DNA at a constant temperature using a polymerase (and nicking enzyme ) to exponentially amplify the DNA at a temperature range of 55 °C to 59 °C.
One disadv... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicking_enzyme_amplification_reaction |
A Nicol prism is a type of polarizer . It is an optical device made from calcite crystal used to convert ordinary light into plane polarized light . It is made in such a way that it eliminates one of the rays by total internal reflection , i.e. the ordinary ray is eliminated and only the extraordinary ray is transmitte... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicol_prism |
Nicolae Popescu ( Romanian: [nikoˈla.e poˈpesku] ; 22 September 1937 – 29 July 2010) was a Romanian mathematician and professor at the University of Bucharest . He also held a research position at the Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy , and was elected corresponding Member of the Romanian Academy in 1997... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolae_Popescu |
The Nicolaou Taxol total synthesis , published by K. C. Nicolaou and his group in 1994 concerns the total synthesis of taxol . [ 1 ] Taxol is an important drug in the treatment of cancer but also expensive because the compound is harvested from a scarce resource, namely the pacific yew .
This synthetic route to taxol ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaou_Taxol_total_synthesis |
Nicolas Bourbaki ( French: [nikola buʁbaki] ) is the collective pseudonym of a group of mathematicians, predominantly French alumni of the École normale supérieure (ENS). Founded in 1934–1935, the Bourbaki group originally intended to prepare a new textbook in analysis . Over time the project became much more ambitious... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Bourbaki |
Nicolas Chuquet ( French: [ʃykɛ] ; born c. 1445 – c. 1455 ; died c. 1488 – c. 1500 ) was a French mathematician . He invented his own notation for algebraic concepts and exponentiation . He may have been the first mathematician to recognize zero and negative numbers as exponents. [ 1 ]
In 1475, Jehan Adam recorded the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Chuquet |
Nicolas Dauphas (born December 10, 1975) is a planetary scientist and isotope geochemist. He is a professor of geochemistry and cosmochemistry in the Department of the Geophysical Sciences and Enrico Fermi Institute at the University of Chicago . [ 1 ] Within cosmochemistry, his research focus is on isotope geochemistr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Dauphas |
Nicolas Leblanc ( French pronunciation: [nikɔla ləblɑ̃] ; December 6, 1742 – January 16, 1806) was a French chemist and surgeon who discovered how to manufacture soda ash from common salt . [ 1 ]
Leblanc was born in Ivoy le Pré , Cher , France on 6 December 1742. [ 2 ] His father, a minor official at an iron works , d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Leblanc |
Nicole Marie Passonno Stott (born November 19, 1962) is an American engineer and a retired NASA astronaut . She served as a flight engineer on ISS Expedition 20 and Expedition 21 and was a mission specialist on STS-128 and STS-133 . [ 2 ] After 27 years of working at NASA, the space agency announced her retirement effe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicole_Stott |
Nicolson pavement , alternatively spelled " Nicholson " and denominated wooden block pavement and wood block pavement , is a road surface material consisting of wooden blocks. Samuel Nicolson invented it in the mid-19th century. [ 1 ] Wooden block pavement has since become unfavored because of its poor surface quality ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolson_pavement |
Nicolson–Ross–Weir method is a measurement technique for determination of complex permittivities and permeabilities of material samples for microwave frequencies. The method is based on insertion of a material sample with a known thickness inside a waveguide , such as a coaxial cable or a rectangular waveguide, after w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolson–Ross–Weir_method |
In enzymology , nicotinamide-nucleotide adenylyltransferase ( NMNAT ) ( EC 2.7.7.1 ) are enzymes that catalyzes the chemical reaction
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), whereas its two products are diphosphate and NAD + .
This enzyme participates in nicotinate and n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinamide-nucleotide_adenylyltransferase |
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate , abbreviated NADP [ 1 ] [ 2 ] or, in older notation, TPN (triphosphopyridine nucleotide), is a cofactor used in anabolic reactions , such as the Calvin cycle and lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, which require NADPH as a reducing agent ('hydrogen source'). NADPH is the reduc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide_phosphate |
Nicotinamide cofactor analogues ( mNADs ), also called nicotinamide coenzyme biomimetics (NCBs), are artificial compounds that mimic the natural nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide cofactors in structure, to explore a mechanism or be used in biocatalysis or other applications. [ 1 ] These nicotinamide cofactor mimics gen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinamide_cofactor_analogues |
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (" NMN " and " β-NMN ") is a nucleotide derived from ribose , nicotinamide , nicotinamide riboside and niacin . [ 1 ] In humans, several enzymes use NMN to generate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). [ 1 ] In mice, it has been proposed that NMN is absorbed via the small intestine with... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinamide_mononucleotide |
Nicotinamide riboside ( NR , SR647 ) is a pyridine - nucleoside and a form of vitamin B 3 . It functions as a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide , or NAD+ , [ 2 ] through a two-step and a three-step pathway. [ 3 ]
While the molecular weight of nicotinamide riboside is 255.25 g/mol, [ 4 ] that of its chlori... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinamide_riboside |
[ 6 ]
Nicotine is a naturally produced alkaloid in the nightshade family of plants (most predominantly in tobacco and Duboisia hopwoodii ) [ 8 ] and is widely used recreationally as a stimulant and anxiolytic . As a pharmaceutical drug , it is used for smoking cessation to relieve withdrawal symptoms . [ 9 ] [ 6 ] [ 1... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotine |
Niello / n iː ˈ ɛ l oʊ / [ 1 ] [ 2 ] is a black mixture, usually of sulphur , copper , silver , and lead , [ 3 ] used as an inlay on engraved or etched metal, especially silver. It is added as a powder or paste, then fired until it melts or at least softens, and flows or is pushed into engraved lines in the metal. It ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niello |
Niels Fabian Helge von Koch (25 January 1870 – 11 March 1924) was a Swedish mathematician who gave his name to the famous fractal known as the Koch snowflake , one of the earliest fractal curves to be described.
He was born to Swedish nobility . His grandfather, Nils Samuel von Koch (1801–1881), was the Chancellor of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niels_Fabian_Helge_von_Koch |
Nielsen's theorem is a result in quantum information concerning transformations between bipartite states due to Michael Nielsen . [ 1 ] It makes use of majorization .
A bipartite state | ψ ⟩ {\displaystyle |\psi \rangle } transforms to another | ϕ ⟩ {\displaystyle |\phi \rangle } using local operations and classical c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nielsen's_theorem |
The Nielsen realization problem is a question asked by Jakob Nielsen ( 1932 , pp. 147–148) about whether finite subgroups of mapping class groups can act on surfaces, that was answered positively by Steven Kerckhoff ( 1980 , 1983 ).
Given an oriented surface, we can divide the group Diff( S ), the group of diffeomorph... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nielsen_realization_problem |
Nielsen theory is a branch of mathematical research with its origins in topological fixed-point theory . Its central ideas were developed by Danish mathematician Jakob Nielsen , and bear his name.
The theory developed in the study of the so-called minimal number of a map f from a compact space to itself, denoted MF [ ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nielsen_theory |
In group theory , a branch of mathematics, the Nielsen–Schreier theorem states that every subgroup of a free group is itself free. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is named after Jakob Nielsen and Otto Schreier .
A free group may be defined from a group presentation consisting of a set of generators with no relations. That is, ev... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nielsen–Schreier_theorem |
In mathematics , Thurston's classification theorem characterizes homeomorphisms of a compact orientable surface . William Thurston 's theorem completes the work initiated by Jakob Nielsen ( 1944 ).
Given a homeomorphism f : S → S , there is a map g isotopic to f such that at least one of the following holds:
The case... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nielsen–Thurston_classification |
The Niementowski quinazoline synthesis is the chemical reaction of anthranilic acids with amides to form 4-oxo-3,4-dihydro quinazolines (3 H -quinazolin-4-ones). [1] [2] [3]
Research has demonstrated that the Niementowski quinazoline synthesis could be employed for the creation of potential EGFR-inhibiting molecules. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niementowski_quinazoline_synthesis |
The Niementowski quinoline synthesis is the chemical reaction of anthranilic acids and ketones (or aldehydes ) to form γ-hydroxyquinoline derivatives. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
In 1894, Niementowski reported that 2-phenyl-4-hydroxyquinoline was formed when anthranilic acid and acetophenone were heated to 120–130 °C. He ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niementowski_quinoline_synthesis |
The Nier Prize is named after Alfred O. C. Nier . It is awarded annually by the Meteoritical Society and recognizes outstanding research in meteoritics and closely allied fields by young scientists.
Recipients must be under 35 years old at the end of the calendar year in which they are selected. [ 1 ] The Leonard Medal... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nier_Prize |
The Nierenstein reaction is an organic reaction describing the conversion of an acid chloride into a haloketone with diazomethane . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is an insertion reaction in that the methylene group from the diazomethane is inserted into the carbon-chlorine bond of the acid chloride.
The reaction proceeds through a d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nierenstein_reaction |
Nigel Boston (July 20, 1961 – March 31, 2024) was a British-American mathematician, who made notable contributions to algebraic number theory , group theory , and arithmetic geometry .
Boston attended Harvard University , earning his doctorate in 1987, under supervision of Barry Mazur . [ 1 ] He was a Professor Emerit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel_Boston |
Nigel Shaun Scrutton (born 2 April 1964) FRS FRSB FRSC is a British biochemist and biotechnology innovator known for his work on enzyme catalysis , biophysics and synthetic biology . [ 2 ] He is Director of the UK Future Biomanufacturing Research Hub, Director of the Fine and Speciality Chemicals Synthetic Biology Rese... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel_Scrutton |
The Nigerian Society of Chemical Engineers (NSChE) is an organization for chemical engineers in Nigeria . NSChE was officially inaugurated on 12 March 1969 at a meeting at BP House in Lagos attended by twenty four Chemical Engineers, all trained abroad. [ 1 ] In 1999 it became a Division of the Nigerian Society of Engi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigerian_Society_of_Chemical_Engineers |
Night Sky is a discontinued American bimonthly magazine for entry-level stargazers . It was published between May/June 2004 and March/April 2007 by Sky Publishing, which also produces Sky & Telescope ( S&T ). [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Night Sky was intended to be a less technical than S&T . The target audience was recreational na... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_Sky_(magazine) |
Night Sky Network is an educational effort sponsored by NASA to help educate the public through astronomy clubs across the United States , as part of NASA's Science Activation program. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
This astronomy -related article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_Sky_Network |
Operation Night Train was part of a series of chemical and biological warfare tests overseen by the Deseret Test Center as part of Project 112 . The test was conducted near Fort Greely , Alaska from November 1963 to January 1964. The primary purpose of Night Train was to study the penetration of an arctic inversion by ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_Train_(test) |
A night safari is a nocturnal visit to a zoo or wildlife-spotting natural area. The term was first used by the Night Safari, Singapore , which opened in 1994. [ 1 ]
While the term generally applies to zoos or facilities that allow visitors to view animals within enclosures or fenced areas, the term is expanding to inc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_safari |
Night soil is a historical euphemism for human excreta collected from cesspools , privies, pail closets , pit latrines , privy middens , septic tanks , etc. This material was removed from the immediate area, usually at night, by workers employed in this trade. Sometimes it could be transported out of towns and sold on ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_soil |
In Jain cosmology , the Nigoda is a realm existing in which the lowest forms of invisible life reside in endless numbers, and without any hope of release by self-effort. Jain scriptures describe nigodas which are microorganisms [ 1 ] living in large clusters, having only one sense, [ 2 ] having a very short life and ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigoda |
In alchemy , nigredo , or blackness, means putrefaction or decomposition . Many alchemists believed that as a first step in the pathway to the philosopher's stone , all alchemical ingredients had to be cleansed and cooked extensively to a uniform black matter. [ 1 ]
In analytical psychology , the term became a metapho... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigredo |
The nik operon is an operon required for uptake of nickel ions into the cell. It is present in many bacteria, but has been extensively studied in Helicobacter pylori . Nickel is an essential nutrient for many microorganisms, where it participates in a variety of cellular processes. However, excessive levels of nickel i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nik_operon |
In mathematics, Nikiel's conjecture in general topology was a conjectural characterization of the continuous image of a compact total order . The conjecture was first formulated by Jacek Nikiel [ pl ] in 1986. [ 1 ] The conjecture was proven by Mary Ellen Rudin in 1999. [ 2 ]
The conjecture states that a compact topo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikiel's_conjecture |
Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the RAS ( Russian : Институт неорганической химии имени А. В. Николаева СО РАН ) is a research institute in Akademgorodok , Novosibirsk, Russia. It was founded in 1957.
Its field includes the chemistry of inorganic compounds, chemical thermodynamics o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaev_Institute_of_Inorganic_Chemistry |
Nikolai Ivanovich Ivanov ( Russian : Никола́й Ива́нович Ивано́в ; April 8, 1836 – February 13, 1906) was a Russian businessman operating out of Tashkent , Russian Turkestan . He was known as the largest and most successful entrepreneur and commerce advisor in Tashkent, owning multiple distilleries and breweries in Tash... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolai_Ivanov_(entrepreneur) |
Nikolai V. Ivanov ( Russian : Николай Владимирович Иванов , born 1954) is a Russian mathematician who works on topology , geometry and group theory (particularly, modular Teichmüller groups ). [ 1 ] He is a professor at Michigan State University . [ 2 ]
He obtained his Ph.D. under the guidance of Vladimir Abramovich R... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolai_Ivanov_(mathematician) |
Nikos Kyrpides (Greek: Νίκος Κυρπίδης) is a Greek-American bioscientist who has worked on the origins of life , information processing, bioinformatics , microbiology , metagenomics and microbiome data science . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] He is a senior staff scientist at the Berkeley National Laboratory , [ 4 ] head of the Prok... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikos_Kyrpides |
In mathematics , a nilmanifold is a differentiable manifold which has a transitive nilpotent group of diffeomorphisms acting on it. As such, a nilmanifold is an example of a homogeneous space and is diffeomorphic to the quotient space N / H {\displaystyle N/H} , the quotient of a nilpotent Lie group N modulo a closed... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nilmanifold |
A nilometer is a structure for measuring the Nile River's clarity and water level during the annual flood season in Egypt. [ 1 ] There were three main types of nilometers, calibrated in Egyptian cubits : (1) a vertical column, (2) a corridor stairway of steps leading down to the Nile, and (3) a deep well with a culvert... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nilometer |
In mathematics , the nilpotent cone N {\displaystyle {\mathcal {N}}} of a finite-dimensional semisimple Lie algebra g {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}} is the set of elements that act nilpotently in all representations of g . {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}.} In other words,
The nilpotent cone is an irreducible subvariet... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nilpotent_cone |
The Nilsson model is a nuclear shell model treating the atomic nucleus as a deformed sphere. In 1953, the first experimental examples were found of rotational bands in nuclei, with their energy levels following the same J(J+1) pattern of energies as in rotating molecules. Quantum mechanically, it is impossible to have ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nilsson_model |
Niludipine is a calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine class. It is a vasodilator that acts upon the coronary arteries of the heart-lung. It was found to produce a calcium antagonistic effect on the smooth muscle of hearts of canines and guinea pigs inhibiting myocardial oxidative metabolism. [ 1 ]
This bioch... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niludipine |
Nim is a mathematical combinatorial game in which two players take turns removing (or "nimming") objects from distinct heaps or piles. On each turn, a player must remove at least one object, and may remove any number of objects provided they all come from the same heap or pile. Depending on the version being played, th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nim |
Nima is a portable food sensor designed to enable individuals with food allergies and sensitivities to test their food for specific proteins. Nima created and leads the category of consumer food testers.
The first product, a gluten sensor, was released in for general availability in February 2017. The second product, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nima_(device) |
In numerical analysis , given a square grid in two dimensions, the nine-point stencil of a point in the grid is a stencil made up of the point itself together with its eight "neighbors". It is used to write finite difference approximations to derivatives at grid points. It is an example for numerical differentiation . ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nine-point_stencil |
Nines are an informal logarithmic notation for proportions very near to one or, equivalently, percentages very near 100%. Put simply, "nines" are the number of consecutive nines in a percentage such as 99% (two nines) [ 1 ] or a decimal fraction such as 0.999 (three nines). Their common uses include grading the purity ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nines_(notation) |
The Ninetology Vox (C1240) is a dual-band GSM 900/1800 color mobile phone manufactured by Ninetology with dual SIM capabilities. It was announced in November 2012 via a campaign called VOX G.O.L.D Fund that aimed to raise donations funds for Yayasan Maha Karuna . [ 1 ]
The Ninetology Vox (C1240) has an MT 6250 single ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninetology_Vox |
Ninhydrin (2,2-dihydroxyindane-1,3-dione) is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 4 (CO) 2 C(OH) 2 . It is used to detect ammonia and amines . Upon reaction with these amines, ninhydrin gets converted into deep blue or purple derivatives, which are called Ruhemann's purple. Ninhydrin is most commonly used to det... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninhydrin |
The Nininger Meteorite Award awarded by the Center for Meteorite Studies recognizes outstanding student achievement in the "Science of Meteoritics " as embodied by an original research paper. [ 1 ] In 1965, Dr. Harvey H. Nininger and Mrs. Addie D. Nininger endowed the Nininger Science of Meteoritics Fund to the Center ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nininger_Meteorite_Award |
Nintendo European Research & Development ( NERD ) is a French subsidiary for Nintendo , located in Paris, which develops software technologies and middleware for Nintendo platforms. [ 1 ] This includes retro console emulators , patented video codecs , and digital rights management technology.
The organization originat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nintendo_European_Research_&_Development |
Niobium(III) chloride also known as niobium trichloride is a compound of niobium and chlorine . The binary phase NbCl 3 is not well characterized but many adducts are known.
Nb 3 Cl 8 is produced by reduction of niobium(V) chloride with hydrogen , or just by heating.
Salt-free reduction of dimethoxyethane solution o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niobium(III)_chloride |
Niobium dioxide , is the chemical compound with the formula NbO 2 . It is a bluish-black non-stoichiometric solid with a composition range of NbO 1.94 -NbO 2.09 . [ 1 ] It can be prepared by reducing Nb 2 O 5 with H 2 at 800–1350 °C. [ 1 ] An alternative method is reaction of Nb 2 O 5 with Nb powder at 1100 °C. [ 2 ]
... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niobium_dioxide |
Niobium nitride is a compound of niobium and nitrogen ( nitride ) with the chemical formula NbN. At low temperatures (about 16 K) NbN becomes a superconductor , and is used in detectors for infrared light . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niobium_nitride |
Niobium-germanium ( Nb 3 Ge ) is an intermetallic chemical compound of niobium (Nb) and germanium (Ge). It has A15 phase structure.
It is a superconductor with a critical temperature of 23.2 K .
Sputtered films have been reported to have an upper critical field of 37 teslas at 4.2 K. [ 1 ]
Nb 3 Ge was discovered to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niobium–germanium |
Niobium–tin is an intermetallic compound of niobium (Nb) and tin (Sn), used industrially as a type-II superconductor . This intermetallic compound has a simple structure: A3B . It is more expensive than niobium–titanium (NbTi), but remains superconducting up to a magnetic flux density of 30 teslas [T] (300,000 G), [ 1 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niobium–tin |
Niobium–titanium ( Nb-Ti ) is a ductile alloy of niobium and titanium , used industrially as a type II superconductor wire for superconducting magnets , normally as Nb-Ti fibres in an aluminium or copper matrix.
Its critical temperature is about 10 kelvins . [ 1 ]
The high critical magnetic field and high critical s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niobium–titanium |
Nion was a manufacturer of scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEMs) based in Kirkland , Washington State, USA . It was acquired by Bruker Corp. in 2024.
Nion Co. was founded in 1997 in Washington State, USA, by Ondrej Krivanek [ 2 ] and Niklas Dellby, with a mission to design and build advanced instruments ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nion_(company) |
In plumbing and piping , a nipple is a fitting, consisting of a short piece of pipe , usually provided with a male pipe thread at each end, for connecting two other fittings.
The length of the nipple is usually specified by the overall length with thread. It may have a hexagonal section in the center for a wrench to g... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipple_(plumbing) |
NIRA Dynamics AB is a Swedish company focusing on research and development of signal processing and control systems for the automotive industry . It supplies automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and suppliers in Europe, North America, Latin America, and Asia with its products and systems. In 2021, the num... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nira_Dynamics_AB |
The nirayana system is a traditional Indian system of calendrical computations in which the phenomenon of precession of equinoxes is not taken into consideration. [ 1 ] In Indian astronomy, the precession of equinoxes is called ayana-calana which literally means shifting of the solstices and so nirayana is nir- + ayana... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirayana_system |
Nissan ben Avraham Deliatitz ( Hebrew : ניסן בן אברהם דעליאטיץ ) was a 19th-century Russian rabbi and mathematician .
He wrote Keneh Ḥokhmah , a manual of algebra in five parts, published in Vilna and Grodno in 1829. [ 1 ] The work received approbations from Rabbi David, the av beit din of Novhardok , and Rabbi Avraha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nissan_Deliatitz |
NAPS ( Nissan Anti Pollution System ) [ 1 ] is a moniker used in Japan to identify vehicles built with emission control technology. The technology was installed so that their vehicles would be in compliance with Japanese Government emission regulations passed in 1968. The term was first introduced in Japan, with an ext... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nissan_NAPS |
NiTiNOL 60 , or 60 NiTiNOL, is a Nickel Titanium alloy (nominally Ni-40wt% Ti) discovered in the late 1950s by the U. S. Naval Ordnance Laboratory (hence the "NOL" portion of the name NiTiNOL). [ 1 ] Depending upon the heat treat history, 60 NiTiNOL has the ability to exhibit either superelastic properties in the harde... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitinol_60 |
Nitinol biocompatibility is an important factor in biomedical applications. Nitinol (NiTi), which is formed by alloying nickel and titanium (~ 50% Ni), is a shape-memory alloy with superelastic properties more similar to that of bone, [ clarification needed ] when compared to stainless steel , another commonly used bio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitinol_biocompatibility |
Nitramex and Nitramon Explosives are compositions of various chemical compounds . They are explosives based on ammonium nitrate , with other ingredients such as paraffin wax , aluminum and dinitrotoluene . The inclusion of these additional ingredients creates a more stable explosive. Nitramex and Nitramon have in moder... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitramex_and_Nitramon_Explosives |
Nitrate is a polyatomic ion with the chemical formula NO − 3 . Salts containing this ion are called nitrates . Nitrates are common components of fertilizers and explosives. [ 1 ] Almost all inorganic nitrates are soluble in water . An example of an insoluble nitrate is bismuth oxynitrate .
The nitrate anion is the con... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrate |
In organic chemistry , a nitrate ester is an organic functional group with the formula R−ONO 2 , where R stands for any organyl group. They are the esters of nitric acid and alcohols . A well-known example is nitroglycerin , which is not a nitro compound, despite its name.
Nitrate esters are typically prepared by con... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrate_ester |
Nitrogen trioxide or nitrate radical is an oxide of nitrogen with formula NO 3 , consisting of three oxygen atoms covalently bound to a nitrogen atom. This highly unstable blue compound has not been isolated in pure form, but can be generated and observed as a short-lived component of gas, liquid, or solid systems. [ ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrate_radical |
A nitrate test is a chemical test used to determine the presence of nitrate ion in solution. Testing for the presence of nitrate via wet chemistry is generally difficult compared with testing for other anions, as almost all nitrates are soluble in water. In contrast, many common ions give insoluble salts, e.g. halides ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrate_test |
Nitrazine or phenaphthazine is a pH indicator dye often used in medicine . More sensitive than litmus , nitrazine indicates pH in the range of 4.5 to 7.5. Nitrazine is usually used as the disodium salt.
This test, however, can produce false positives. If blood gets in the sample or if there is an infection present, th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrazine |
In chemistry , a nitrene or imene ( R−:Ṅ· ) is the nitrogen analogue of a carbene . The nitrogen atom is uncharged and monovalent , [ 1 ] so it has only 6 electrons in its valence level—two covalent bonded and four non-bonded electrons. It is therefore considered an electrophile due to the unsatisfied octet . A nitrene... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrene |
Dinitrogen tetroxide Dinitrogen trioxide Nitrogen dioxide Nitrous oxide Nitroxyl (reduced form) Hydroxylamine (hydrogenated form)
Nitric oxide ( nitrogen oxide or nitrogen monoxide [ 1 ] ) is a colorless gas with the formula NO . It is one of the principal oxides of nitrogen . Nitric oxide is a free radical : it has ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitric_oxide |
Nitrification is the biological oxidation of ammonia to nitrate via the intermediary nitrite . Nitrification is an important step in the nitrogen cycle in soil . The process of complete nitrification may occur through separate organisms [ 1 ] or entirely within one organism, as in comammox bacteria. The transformation ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrification |
Nitrifying bacteria are chemolithotrophic organisms that include species of genera such as Nitrosomonas , Nitrosococcus , Nitrobacter , Nitrospina , Nitrospira and Nitrococcus . These bacteria get their energy from the oxidation of inorganic nitrogen compounds . [ 1 ] Types include ammonia-oxidizing bacteria ( AOB ) an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrifying_bacteria |
In organic chemistry , a nitrile is any organic compound that has a − C ≡ N functional group . The name of the compound is composed of a base, which includes the carbon of the −C≡N , suffixed with "nitrile", so for example CH 3 CH 2 C≡N is called " propionitrile " (or propanenitrile). [ 1 ] The prefix cyano - is used i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrile |
Nitrile ylides also known as nitrilium ylides or nitrilium methylides , are generally reactive intermediates [ 1 ] formally consisting of a carbanion of an alkyl or similar group bonded to the nitrogen atom of a cyanide unit. With a few exceptions, they cannot be isolated. However, a structure has been determined on a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrile_ylide |
Nitrilimines or nitrile amides are a class of organic compounds sharing a common functional group with the general structure R−CN−NR corresponding to the conjugate base of an amine bonded to the N-terminus of a nitrile . The dominant structure for the parent compound nitrilimine is that of the propargyl -like 1 in sche... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrilimine |
A nitrite test is a chemical test used to determine the presence of nitrite ion in solution.
A simple nitrite test can be performed by adding 4 M sulfuric acid to the sample until acidic, and then adding 0.1 M iron(II) sulfate to the solution. A positive test for nitrite is indicated by a dark brown solution, arising... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrite_test |
The nitro-Mannich reaction (or aza-Henry reaction ) is the nucleophilic addition of a nitroalkane (or the corresponding nitronate anion) to an imine , resulting in the formation of a beta-nitroamine. [ 1 ] With the reaction involving the addition of an acidic carbon nucleophile to a carbon-heteroatom double bond , the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitro-Mannich_reaction |
Nitro blue tetrazolium is a chemical compound composed of two tetrazole moieties . It is used in immunology for sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase (with BCIP ). NBT serves as the oxidant and BCIP is the AP- substrate (and gives also dark blue dye).
In immunohistochemistry the alkaline phosphatase is often use... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitro_blue_tetrazolium_chloride |
In organic chemistry , nitro compounds are organic compounds that contain one or more nitro functional groups ( −NO 2 ). The nitro group is one of the most common explosophores (functional group that makes a compound explosive) used globally. The nitro group is also strongly electron-withdrawing . Because of this prope... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitro_compound |
A nitro engine generally refers to an engine powered with a fuel that contains some portion (usually between 10% and 40%) of nitromethane mixed with methanol . Nitromethane is a highly combustible substance that is generally only used in very specifically designed engines found in Top Fuel drag racing and in miniature... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitro_engine |
A nitroalkene , or nitro olefin, is a functional group combining the functionality of its constituent parts, an alkene and nitro group , while displaying its own chemical properties through alkene activation , making the functional group useful in specialty reactions such as the Michael reaction or Diels-Alder addition... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitroalkene |
In organic and inorganic chemistry , nitroamines or nitramides are chemical compounds with the general chemical structure R 1 R 2 N−NO 2 . They consist of a nitro group ( −NO 2 ) bonded to the nitrogen of an amine . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The R groups can be any group, typically hydrogen (e.g., methylnitroamine CH 3 −NH−NO 2 ) an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitroamine |
( C 6 H 8 (NO 2 ) 2 O 5 ) n (dinitrocellulose) ( C 6 H 7 (NO 2 ) 3 O 5 ) n (trinitrocellulose, pictured in structures above)
Nitrocellulose (also known as cellulose nitrate , flash paper , flash cotton , guncotton , pyroxylin and flash string , depending on form) is a highly flammable compound formed by nitrating cell... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrocellulose |
A nitrocellulose slide (or nitrocellulose film slide ) is a glass microscope slide that is coated with nitrocellulose that is used to bind biological material, often protein , for colorimetric and fluorescence detection assays. For this purpose, a nitrocellulose slide is generally considered to be superior to glass, b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrocellulose_slide |
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