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Off-the-record Messaging ( OTR ) is a cryptographic protocol that provides encryption for instant messaging conversations. OTR uses a combination of AES symmetric-key algorithm with 128 bits key length, the Diffie–Hellman key exchange with 1536 bits group size, and the SHA-1 hash function. In addition to authentication... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-the-record_messaging |
The Office Open XML file formats are a set of file formats that can be used to represent electronic office documents. There are formats for word processing documents, spreadsheets and presentations as well as specific formats for material such as mathematical formulas, graphics, bibliographies etc.
The formats were de... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_MathML |
The Office of Astronomy for Development ( OAD ) is an office of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) established in 2011 to further the use of astronomy as a tool for development. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
The OAD is jointly funded by the International Astronomical Union and the National Research Foundation of South Africa . ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_Astronomy_for_Development |
The Office of Atoms for Peace (OAP) of Thailand (สำนักงานปรมาณูเพื่อสันติ) in Chatuchak district , Bangkok, Thailand, was established in 1961 as the Office of Atomic Energy for Peace. The OAP serves as the main authority for nuclear research in Thailand. The OAP employs approximately 400 people. The research topics and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_Atoms_for_Peace |
The Office of Technology Assessment ( OTA ) was an office of the United States Congress that operated from 1974 to 1995. OTA's purpose was to provide congressional members and committees with objective and authoritative analysis of the complex scientific and technical issues of the late 20th century, i.e. technology as... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_Technology_Assessment |
Official Medicines Control Laboratory (OMCL) is the term coined in Europe for a public institute in charge of controlling the quality of medicines and, depending on the country, other similar products (for example, medical devices). They are part of or report to national competent authorities (NCAs).
By testing medici... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Official_Medicines_Control_Laboratory |
Officinalis , officinale , or occasionally officinarum is a Medieval Latin epithet denoting organisms —mainly plants—with uses in medicine, herbalism , manufacturing, and cookery. It commonly occurs as a specific epithet , the second term of a two-part botanical name. Officinalis is used to modify masculine and feminin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Officinalis |
Offline mobile learning is the ability to access learning materials on a mobile device without requiring an Internet connection.
Generally, web-based applications functionalities are dependent on ability to access to the Web . While there are many practical reasons for an application to access data on a server , not e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offline_mobile_learning |
In botany and horticulture , an offset (also called a pup , mainly in the US, [ 1 ] ) is a small, virtually complete daughter plant that has been naturally and asexually produced on the mother plant . They are clones , meaning that they are genetically identical to the mother plant. They can divide mitotically . In the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offset_(botany) |
Offset binary , [ 1 ] also referred to as excess-K , [ 1 ] excess- N , excess-e , [ 2 ] [ 3 ] excess code or biased representation , is a method for signed number representation where a signed number n is represented by the bit pattern corresponding to the unsigned number n + K , K being the biasing value or offset . T... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offset_binary |
The offset filtration (also called the "union-of-balls" [ 1 ] or "union-of-disks" [ 2 ] filtration ) is a growing sequence of metric balls used to detect the size and scale of topological features of a data set. The offset filtration commonly arises in persistent homology and the field of topological data analysis . Ut... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offset_filtration |
Offshore Group Newcastle or OGN Group was a British company that fabricated steel in North East England , often for oil platforms . At one time it was Tyneside 's largest manufacturing yard.
On 5 February 2016 it appeared in the episode Sea Cities Tyneside of BBC Two series Sea Cities . [ 1 ] Also appearing in the pro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offshore_Group_Newcastle |
Offshore Technology Conference (OTC) is a series of conferences and exhibitions, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] focused on the exchanging technical knowledge relevant to the development of offshore energy resources, primarily oil and natural gas. It was founded in 1969. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] There are four events organized by OTC. The flagsh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offshore_Technology_Conference |
Offshore concrete structures , or concrete offshore structures , are structures built from reinforced concrete for use in the offshore marine environment. They serve the same purpose as their steel counterparts in oil and gas production and storage. The first concrete oil platform was installed in the North Sea in the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offshore_concrete_structure |
Offshore construction is the installation of structures and facilities in a marine environment, usually for the production and transmission of electricity, oil, gas and other resources. It is also called maritime engineering .
Construction and pre-commissioning is typically performed as much as possible onshore. To op... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offshore_construction |
Offshore drilling is a mechanical process where a wellbore is drilled below the seabed. It is typically carried out in order to explore for and subsequently extract petroleum that lies in rock formations beneath the seabed. Most commonly, the term is used to describe drilling activities on the continental shelf , thou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offshore_drilling |
Offshore embedded anchors are anchors intended for offshore use that derive their holding capacity from the frictional, or bearing, resistance of the surrounding soil, as opposed to gravity anchors, which derive their holding capacity largely from their weight. As offshore developments move into deeper waters, gravity-... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offshore_embedded_anchors |
Offshore freshened groundwater (OFG) is water that contains a Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) concentration lower than sea water, and which is hosted in porous sediments and rocks located in the sub-seafloor. OFG systems have been documented all over around the world and have an estimated global volume of around 1 × 10 6 k... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offshore_freshened_groundwater |
Offshore geotechnical engineering is a sub-field of geotechnical engineering . It is concerned with foundation design, construction, maintenance and decommissioning for human-made structures in the sea . [ 1 ] Oil platforms , artificial islands and submarine pipelines are examples of such structures. The seabed has to ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offshore_geotechnical_engineering |
In biology , offspring are the young creation of living organisms , produced either by sexual or asexual reproduction . Collective offspring may be known as a brood or progeny . This can refer to a set of simultaneous offspring, such as the chicks hatched from one clutch of eggs , or to all offspring produced over time... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offspring |
In the theory of formal languages , Ogden's lemma (named after William F. Ogden) [ 1 ] is a generalization of the pumping lemma for context-free languages .
Despite Ogden's lemma being a strengthening of the pumping lemma, it is insufficient to fully characterize the class of context-free languages. [ 2 ] This is in c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogden's_lemma |
Ogo is a handheld electronic device that enables communication via instant messaging services, email , MMS and SMS text messages. The device works through GSM cellular networks and allows unlimited usage for a flat monthly fee. It supports AOL Instant Messenger , Yahoo! Messenger , and MSN Messenger . It was released... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogo_(handheld_device) |
Ohio Public Interest Research Group ( Ohio PIRG ) is a non-profit organization that is part of the state PIRG organizations. It works on a variety of political activities.
In the United States, Public Interest Research Groups (PIRGs) are non-profit organizations that employ grassroots organizing, direct advocacy, inve... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio_Public_Interest_Research_Group |
Electrical resistivity (also called volume resistivity or specific electrical resistance ) is a fundamental specific property of a material that measures its electrical resistance or how strongly it resists electric current . A low resistivity indicates a material that readily allows electric current. Resistivity is co... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohm_metre |
The Ohmer fare register was, in various models, a mechanical device for registering and recording the fares of passengers on streetcars , buses and taxis in the early 20th century. It was invented and improved by members and employees of the Ohmer family of Dayton, Ohio, especially John F. Ohmer who founded the Ohmer ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohmer_fare_register |
An ohmic contact is a non- rectifying electrical junction : a junction between two conductors that has a linear current–voltage (I–V) curve as with Ohm's law . Low-resistance ohmic contacts are used to allow charge to flow easily in both directions between the two conductors, without blocking due to rectification or ex... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohmic_contact |
The Ohnesorge number ( Oh ) is a dimensionless number that relates the viscous forces to inertial and surface tension forces. The number was defined by Wolfgang von Ohnesorge in his 1936 doctoral thesis. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
It is defined as:
Where
The Ohnesorge number for a 3 mm diameter rain drop is typically ~0.002. Lar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohnesorge_number |
Ohno's law was proposed by a Japanese-American biologist Susumu Ohno , saying that the gene content of the mammalian species has been conserved over species not only in the DNA content but also in the genes themselves. That is, nearly all mammalian species have conserved the X chromosome from their primordial X chromos... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohno's_law |
The Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers Union ( OCAW ) was a trade union in the United States which existed between 1917 and 1999. At the time of its dissolution and merger, the International represented 80,000 workers and was affiliated with the AFL–CIO .
The union was first originally established as the International A... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil,_Chemical_and_Atomic_Workers_International_Union |
Urban runoff is surface runoff of rainwater, landscape irrigation, and car washing [ 1 ] created by urbanization . Impervious surfaces ( roads , parking lots and sidewalks ) are constructed during land development . During rain , storms, and other precipitation events, these surfaces (built from materials such as aspha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil-grit_separator |
Oil Mines Regulations-1984 [ 1 ] [ 2 ] (OMR 1984) replaces the Oil Mines Regulations-1933, with effect from October 1984 to deal with matters for the prevention of possible dangers in oil mines in India .
OMR 1984 was Published in 1986 by Directorate General of Mines Safety , Ministry of Labour in Dhanbad , Jharkhand ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_Mines_Regulations-1984 |
Oil additives are chemical compounds that improve the lubricant performance of base oil (or oil "base stock"). The manufacturer of many oils can use the same base stock for each formulation and can choose different additives for each use. Additives comprise up to 5% by weight of some oils. [ 1 ]
Nearly all commercial ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_additive |
Oil analysis (OA) is the laboratory analysis of a lubricant 's properties, suspended contaminants, and wear debris. OA is performed during routine predictive maintenance to provide meaningful and accurate information on lubricant and machine condition. By tracking oil analysis sample results over the life of a particul... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_analysis |
An oil bath is a type of heated bath used in a laboratory , most commonly used to heat up chemical reactions. It is a container of oil that is heated by a hot plate or (in rare cases) a Bunsen burner .
These baths are commonly used to heat reaction mixtures more evenly than would be possible with a hot plate alone, as... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_bath |
An oil burner engine is a steam engine that uses oil as its fuel. The term is usually applied to a locomotive or ship engine that burns oil to heat water, to produce the steam which drives the pistons , or turbines , from which the power is derived.
This is mechanically very different from diesel engines , which use i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_burner_(engine) |
The term crude oil constant ( Erdölkonstante in German) has been used as an inside joke and pun in the German petroleum industry, pointing out that the reserves-to-production ratio has been observed as roughly constant in the past decades, whereas oil constant ( Ölkonstante in German) is a term describing various mater... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_constant |
An oil content meter (OCM) is an integral part of all oily water separator (OWS) systems. Oil content meters are also sometimes referred to as oil content monitors, bilge alarms, or bilge monitors. [ 1 ]
The OCM continuously monitors how much oil is in the water that is pumped out the discharge line of the OWS system.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_content_meter |
An oil dispersant is a mixture of emulsifiers and solvents that helps break oil into small droplets following an oil spill . Small droplets are easier to disperse throughout a water volume, and small droplets may be more readily biodegraded by microbes in the water. Dispersant use involves a trade-off between exposing ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_dispersant |
Oil Field Engine is a sort of internal combustion engine used as a power source in the production of crude petroleum . Most commonly the term refers to a class of reciprocating engines built in the mid to late 19th and early 20th centuries.
With the drilling of the first commercially successful oil well by Edwin Drake... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_field_engine |
An oil filter is a filter designed to remove contaminants from engine oil , transmission oil , lubricating oil , or hydraulic oil . Their chief use is in internal-combustion engines for motor vehicles (both on- and off-road ), powered aircraft , railway locomotives, ships and boats, and static engines such as generator... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_filter |
In light microscopy , oil immersion is a technique used to increase the resolving power of a microscope . This is achieved by immersing both the objective lens and the specimen in a transparent oil of high refractive index , thereby increasing the numerical aperture of the objective lens.
Without oil, light waves refl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_immersion |
Oil mist refers to oil droplets suspended in the air in the size range 1~10 μm.
Oil mist may form when high pressure fuel oil , lubricating oil , hydraulic oil , or other oil is sprayed through a narrow crack, or when leaked oil connects with a high temperature surface, vaporizes, and comes in contact with low air tem... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_mist |
Oil of brick , called by apothecaries Oleum de Lateribus and by alchemists Oil of Philosophers , was an empyreumatic oil obtained by subjecting a brick soaked in oil, such as olive oil , to distillation at a high temperature.
The process initially started with pieces of brick, which were heated red hot in live coals, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_of_brick |
An oil platform (also called an oil rig , offshore platform , oil production platform , etc.) is a large structure with facilities to extract and process petroleum and natural gas that lie in rock formations beneath the seabed . Many oil platforms will also have facilities to accommodate the workers, although it is als... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_platform |
The oil print process is a photographic printmaking process that dates to the mid-19th century. Oil prints are made on paper on which a thick gelatin layer has been sensitized to light using dichromate salts. After the paper is exposed to light through a negative, the gelatin emulsion is treated in such a way that high... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_print_process |
Oil purification ( transformer , turbine, industrial, etc.) removes oil contaminants in order to prolong oil service life.
Contaminants and various impurities get into industrial oils during storage and operation. The most common contaminants are: [ 1 ]
Industrial oils are purified through sedimentation, filtration, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_purification |
An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where petroleum (crude oil) is transformed and refined into products such as gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel , asphalt base , fuel oils , heating oil , kerosene , liquefied petroleum gas and petroleum naphtha . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Petrochemical feedstock... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_refinery |
Oil regeneration - is extraction of contaminants from oil in order to restore its original properties to be used equally with fresh oils. [ 1 ]
Aging is a result of physical and chemical processes that change oil during storage and use in machines and mechanisms.
The main cause of aging is exposure to high temperature... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_regeneration |
An oil rig is any kind of apparatus constructed for oil drilling .
Kinds of oil rig include: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_rig |
An oil skimmer is a device that is designed to remove oil floating on a liquid surface. They are commonly used to recover oil from oil spills in water, or in industrial situations where water is contaminated with oil. Oil skimmers are designed to remove free floating oil and are not water treatment devices.
The effect... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_skimmer |
Oil sludge or black sludge is a gel -like or semi-solid deposit inside an internal combustion engine , that can create a catastrophic buildup. It is often the result of contaminated engine oil and occurs when moisture and/or high heat is introduced to engine oil.
Oil sludge may occur due to a variety of different fact... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_sludge |
An oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment, especially the marine ecosystem , due to human activity, and is a form of pollution . The term is usually given to marine oil spills, where oil is released into the ocean or coastal waters , but spills may also occur on land. Oil spills... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_spill |
An oil war is a conflict about petroleum resources , or their transportation, consumption, or regulation. The term may also refer generally to any conflict in a region that contains oil reserves or is geographically positioned in a location where an entity has or may wish to develop production or transportation infrast... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_war |
Oil waxing occurs when heating oil begins to gel, and before it has become too viscous to flow at all in the heating system oil piping, wax particles (wax platelets or little spheres of wax or in some articles, alkane "wax crystals") have already begun to form in the fuel. The wax platelets form first from the long hyd... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_waxing |
Oil well control is the management of the dangerous effects caused by the unexpected release of formation fluid , such as natural gas and/or crude oil , upon surface equipment of oil or gas drilling rigs and escaping into the atmosphere. Technically, oil well control involves preventing the formation gas or fluid (hydr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_well_control |
Oilgear Company is an American manufacturer of fluid power and hydraulic equipment, including pumps , valves , motors , meters and other components, as well as integrated systems, headquartered in Traverse City, Michigan . It was founded in 1921 in Milwaukee , Wisconsin , as an offshoot of hydraulic power work being do... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilgear |
Oja's learning rule , or simply Oja's rule , named after Finnish computer scientist Erkki Oja ( Finnish pronunciation: [ˈojɑ] , AW-yuh ), is a model of how neurons in the brain or in artificial neural networks change connection strength, or learn, over time. It is a modification of the standard Hebb's Rule that, throug... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oja's_rule |
Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides (approximately 150 to 200 base pairs long in eukaryotes ) which are synthesized discontinuously and later linked together by the enzyme DNA ligase to create the lagging strand during DNA replication . [ 1 ] They were discovered in the 1960s by the Japanese molecu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okazaki_fragments |
Okenane , the diagenetic end product of okenone, is a biomarker for Chromatiaceae , the purple sulfur bacteria . [ 1 ] These anoxygenic phototrophs use light for energy and sulfide as their electron donor and sulfur source. Discovery of okenane in marine sediments implies a past euxinic environment, where water columns... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okenane |
The Okinawa diet describes the traditional dietary practices of indigenous people of the Ryukyu Islands (belonging to Japan), which were claimed to have contributed to their relative longevity over a period of study in the 20th century. [ 1 ]
As assessed over 1949 to 1998, people from the Ryukyu Islands (of which Okin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okinawa_diet |
Okishio's theorem is a theorem formulated by Japanese economist Nobuo Okishio . It has had a major impact on debates about Marx 's theory of value . Intuitively, it can be understood as saying that if one capitalist raises his profits by introducing a new technique that cuts his costs, the collective or general rate of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okishio's_theorem |
The Okorokov effect ( Russian : эффект Окорокова ) or resonant coherent excitation , occurs when heavy ions move in crystals under channeling conditions. V. Okorokov predicted this effect in 1965 [ 1 ] and it was first observed by Sheldon Datz in 1978.
This physical chemistry -related article is a stub . You can help ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okorokov_effect |
Oksana Chubykalo-Fesenko is a Spanish-Ukrainian physicist and materials scientist whose research interests include spintronics and the dynamics and multiscale modeling of magnetic materials and magnetic nanoparticles. She works in Spain as a senior scientist at the Materials Science Institute of Madrid, a research inst... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oksana_Chubykalo-Fesenko |
Oktay Sinanoğlu (February 25, 1935 – April 19, 2015) was a Turkish physical chemist and molecular biophysicist who made contributions to the theory of electron correlation in molecules, the statistical mechanics of clathrate hydrates , quantum chemistry , and the theory of solvation .
Sinanoğlu was born in Bari, Italy... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktay_Sinanoğlu |
In fluid mechanics , the Okubo–Weiss parameter , (normally given by "W") is a measure of the relative importance of deformation and rotation at a given point. It is calculated as the sum of the squares of normal and shear strain minus the relative vorticity . This is widely applicable in fluid properties particularly ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okubo–Weiss_parameter |
In economics , Okun's law is an empirically observed relationship between unemployment and losses in a country's production. It is named after Arthur Melvin Okun , who first proposed the relationship in 1962. [ 1 ] The "gap version" states that for every 1% increase in the unemployment rate , a country's GDP will be ro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okun's_law |
Olavius algarvensis is a species of gutless oligochaete worm in the family Tubificidae which depends on symbiotic bacteria for its nutrition.
Olavius algarvensis lives in coastal sediments in the Mediterranean. It was first described from the Algarve Coast of Portugal, [ 2 ] but has also been found elsewhere, e.g. off... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olavius_algarvensis |
Olbers's paradox , also known as the dark night paradox or Olbers and Cheseaux's paradox , is an argument in astrophysics and physical cosmology that says the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe . In the hypothetical case that the universe is static, homog... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olbers's_paradox |
The Old Nassau reaction or Halloween reaction is a chemical clock reaction in which a clear solution turns orange and then black. This reaction was discovered by two undergraduate students at Princeton University researching the inhibition of the iodine clock reaction (or Landolt reaction) by Hg 2+ , resulting in the f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Nassau_reaction |
Old age is the range of ages for people nearing and surpassing life expectancy . People who are of old age are also referred to as: old people , elderly , elders , senior citizens , seniors or older adults . [ 1 ] Old age is not a definite biological stage: the chronological age denoted as "old age" varies culturally a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_age |
Old person smell is the characteristic odor of elderly humans. [ 1 ] Like many other animal species, human odor undergoes distinct stages based on chemical changes initiated through the aging process. Research suggests that this enables humans to determine the suitability of potential partners based on age, in addition... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_person_smell |
An oleaginous microorganism is a type of microbe that accumulates lipid as a normal part of its metabolism . Oleaginous microbes may accumulate an array of different lipid compounds, including polyhydroxyalkanoates , triacylglycerols , and wax esters . Various microorganisms, including bacteria , fungi , and yeast , ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleaginous_microorganism |
Oleanane is a natural triterpenoid . It is commonly found in woody angiosperms and as a result is often used as an indicator of these plants in the fossil record. It is a member of the oleanoid series, which consists of pentacyclic triterpenoids (such as beta- amyrin and taraxerol [ verification needed ] ) where all ri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleanane |
In dynamical systems theory , the Olech theorem establishes sufficient conditions for global asymptotic stability of a two-equation system of non-linear differential equations . The result was established by Czesław Olech in 1963, [ 1 ] based on joint work with Philip Hartman . [ 2 ]
The differential equations x ˙ = f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olech_theorem |
In organic chemistry , olefin metathesis is an organic reaction that entails the redistribution of fragments of alkenes (olefins) by the scission and regeneration of carbon-carbon double bonds . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Because of the relative simplicity of olefin metathesis, it often creates fewer undesired by-products and hazardo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olefin_metathesis |
Oleochemistry is the study of vegetable oils and animal oils and fats , and oleochemicals derived from these fats and oils. The resulting product can be called oleochemicals (from Latin: oleum "olive oil"). The major product of this industry is soap, approximately 8.9×10 6 tons of which were produced in 1990. Other ma... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleochemistry |
An olfactory receptor neuron (ORN), also called an olfactory sensory neuron (OSN), is a sensory neuron within the olfactory system . [ 2 ]
Humans have between 10 and 20 million olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). [ 3 ] In vertebrates , ORNs are bipolar neurons with dendrites facing the external surface of the cribrifo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfactory_receptor_neuron |
Olga García Mancheño is an organic chemistry professor at the University of Münster in Germany. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] García Mancheño directs an organic chemistry research group at University of Münster that focuses on development of new catalytic methods with the goal of developing sustainable synthetic routes to accomplish car... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olga_García_Mancheño |
Oligoclonal antibodies are an emerging immunological treatment relying on the combinatory use of several monoclonal antibodies (mAb) in one single drug. [ 1 ] The composition can be made of mAb targeting different epitopes of a same protein (homo-combination) or mAb targeting different proteins (hetero-combination). It... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligoclonal_antibody |
Oligoclonal bands (OCBs) are bands of immunoglobulins that are seen when a patient's blood serum , or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is analyzed. They are used in the diagnosis of various neurological and blood diseases. Oligoclonal bands are present in the CSF of more than 95% of patients with clinically definite multiple ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligoclonal_band |
Oligocrystalline material owns a microstructure consisting of a few coarse grains, often columnar and parallel to the longitudinal ingot axis. This microstructure can be found in the ingots produced by electron beam melting (EBM). [ 1 ]
This crystallography -related article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expand... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligocrystalline_material |
The oligodynamic effect (from Greek oligos , "few", and dynamis , "force") is a biocidal effect of metals , especially heavy metals , that occurs even in low concentrations. This effect is attributed to the antibacterial behavior of metal ions, which are absorbed by bacteria upon contact and damage their cell membranes... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligodynamic_effect |
An oligoester is an ester oligomer chain containing a small number of repeating ester units ( monomers ). [ 1 ] Oligoesters are short analogs of polymeric polyesters .
An example is oligo-( R )-3-hydroxybutyrate. [ 2 ]
This organic chemistry article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligoester |
The term oligolecty is used in pollination ecology to refer to bees that exhibit a narrow, specialized preference for pollen sources, typically to a single family or genus of flowering plants. The preference may occasionally extend broadly to multiple genera within a single plant family, or be as narrow as a single pla... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligolecty |
In chemistry and biochemistry , an oligomer ( / ə ˈ l ɪ ɡ ə m ər / ⓘ ) is a molecule that consists of a few repeating units which could be derived, actually or conceptually, from smaller molecules, monomers . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The name is composed of Greek elements oligo- , "a few" and -mer , "parts". An adjective for... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligomer |
Oligomer Restriction (abbreviated OR ) is a procedure to detect an altered DNA sequence in a genome . A labeled oligonucleotide probe is hybridized to a target DNA, and then treated with a restriction enzyme . If the probe exactly matches the target, the restriction enzyme will cleave the probe, changing its size. If, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligomer_restriction |
Oligonucleotidase ( EC 3.1.13.3 , oligoribonuclease ) is an exoribonuclease derived from Flammulina velutipes . [ 1 ] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
This biochemistry article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligonucleotidase |
Oligonucleotide synthesis is the chemical synthesis of relatively short fragments of nucleic acids with defined chemical structure ( sequence ). The technique is extremely useful in current laboratory practice because it provides a rapid and inexpensive access to custom-made oligonucleotides of the desired sequence. Wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligonucleotide_synthesis |
An Oligopeptidase is an enzyme that cleaves peptides but not proteins . This property is due to its structure: the active site of this enzyme is located at the end of a narrow cavity which can only be reached by peptides.
Proteins are essential macromolecules of living organisms. They are continuously being degraded i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligopeptidase |
Oligophagy refers to the eating of only a few specific foods , and to monophagy when restricted to a single food source. [ 1 ] The term is usually associated with insect dietary behaviour. [ 2 ] Organisms may exhibit narrow or specific oligophagy where the diet is restricted to a very few foods or broad oligophagy wher... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligophagy |
Oligoporin D is a natural product isolated from the "bitter bracket" mushroom Amaropostia stiptica . It was found to be one of the most potent agonists yet discovered for the bitter taste receptor TAS2R46 , and consequently one of the most bitter substances known. [ 1 ]
This pharmacology -related article is a stub . Y... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligoporin_D |
An oligosaccharide ( / ˌ ɒ l ɪ ɡ oʊ ˈ s æ k ə ˌ r aɪ d / ; [ 1 ] from Ancient Greek ὀλίγος ( olígos ) ' few ' and σάκχαρ ( sákkhar ) ' sugar ' ) is a saccharide polymer containing a small number (typically three to ten [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] ) of monosaccharides (simple sugars). Oligosaccharides can have many function... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligosaccharide |
Oligosaccharides and polysaccharides are an important class of polymeric carbohydrates found in virtually all living entities. [ 1 ] Their structural features make their nomenclature challenging and their roles in living systems make their nomenclature important.
Oligosaccharides are carbohydrates that are composed of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligosaccharide_nomenclature |
Oligosaprobes are organisms that inhabit clean water or water that is only slightly polluted by organic matter. Oxidation processes predominate in such waters owing to an excess of dissolved oxygen. Nitrates are among the nitrogen compounds present; there is little carbonic acid and no hydrogen sulfide . Oligosaprobic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligosaprobe |
Oligotyping is the process of correcting DNA sequence measured during the process of DNA sequencing based on frequency data of related sequences across related samples.
DNA sequences were originally read from sequencing gels by eye. With the advent of computerized base callers, humans no longer 'called' the bases and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligotyping_(sequencing) |
Oligotyping is a diagnostic or molecular biological method for classification of organisms by short intervals of primary DNA sequence .
Oligotyping 'systems' are sets of recognized target sequences which identify the members of the categories within the classification. The classification may be for the purpose of pri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligotyping_(taxonomy) |
The Olin Raschig process is a chemical process for the production of hydrazine . The main steps in this process, patented by German chemist Friedrich Raschig in 1906 and one of three reactions named after him, are the formation of monochloramine from ammonia and hypochlorite , and the subsequent reaction of monochloram... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olin_Raschig_process |
The Olio Model One is a discontinued smartwatch sold from 2015 to 2016 by the now defunct Olio Devices, Inc. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
Olio Devices, Inc. was founded in 2013 by Steven K. Jacobs, Dr. Ashley J. "AJ" Cooper, and Evan Wilson. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Two years later in 2015 they sold the first of their flagship watches. Olio ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olio_Model_One |
Olive mill pomace or two-phase olive mill waste ( TPOMW ) [ 1 ] is a by-product from the olive oil mill extraction process . Usually it is used as fuel in a cogeneration system or as organic fertiliser after a composting operation.
Olive mill pomace compost is made by a controlled biologic process that transforms orga... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olive_mill_pomace |
Olive oil contains small amounts of free fatty acids (meaning not attached to other fatty acids in the form of a triglyceride ). Free acidity is an important parameter that defines the quality of olive oil. It is usually expressed as a percentage of oleic acid (the main fatty acid present in olive oil) in the oil. As d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olive_oil_acidity |
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