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In mathematics , a sesquilinear form is a generalization of a bilinear form that, in turn, is a generalization of the concept of the dot product of Euclidean space . A bilinear form is linear in each of its arguments, but a sesquilinear form allows one of the arguments to be "twisted" in a semilinear manner, thus the n... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesquilinear_form |
In materials science , the sessile drop technique is a method used for the characterization of solid surface energies , and in some cases, aspects of liquid surface energies. [ 1 ] The main premise of the method is that by placing a droplet of liquid with a known surface energy and contact angle , the surface energy of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sessile_drop_technique |
Sessility is the biological property of an animal describing its lack of a means of self-locomotion. Sessile animals for which natural motility is absent are normally immobile. This is distinct from the botanical concept of sessility , which refers to an organism or biological structure attached directly by its base wi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sessility_(motility) |
In architecture and masonry , the term set-off or off-set is given to the part of a wall or other architectural feature, which is exposed when the portion above is of a reduced thickness. [ 1 ] In plinths , this is generally simply chamfered. In other parts of stonework, the set-off is generally concealed by a projecti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-off_(architecture) |
{ n ∣ ∃ k ∈ Z , n = 2 k } {\displaystyle \{n\mid \exists k\in \mathbb {Z} ,n=2k\}}
In mathematics and more specifically in set theory , set-builder notation is a notation for specifying a set by a property that characterizes its members. [ 1 ]
Specifying sets by member properties is allowed by the axiom schema of spe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_comprehension |
In mathematics, especially measure theory , a set function is a function whose domain is a family of subsets of some given set and that (usually) takes its values in the extended real number line R ∪ { ± ∞ } , {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} \cup \{\pm \infty \},} which consists of the real numbers R {\displaystyle \mathbb ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_function |
In mathematics , set inversion is the problem of characterizing the preimage X of a set Y by a function f , i.e., X = f −1 ( Y ) = { x ∈ R n | f ( x ) ∈ Y }. It can also be viewed as the problem of describing the solution set of the quantified constraint " Y ( f ( x ))", where Y ( y ) is a constraint, e.g. an inequalit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_inversion |
Set packing is a classical NP-complete problem in computational complexity theory and combinatorics , and was one of Karp's 21 NP-complete problems . Suppose one has a finite set S and a list of subsets of S . Then, the set packing problem asks if some k subsets in the list are pairwise disjoint (in other words, no two... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_packing |
In computer science and information theory , set redundancy compression are methods of data compression that exploits redundancy between individual data groups of a set, usually a set of similar images.
It is wide used on medical and satellital images. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The main methods are min-max differential ,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_redundancy_compression |
Seth Lloyd (born August 2, 1960) is a professor of mechanical engineering and physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology .
His research area is the interplay of information with complex systems , especially quantum systems. He has performed seminal work in the fields of quantum computation , quantum communic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seth_Lloyd |
In mathematics , a setoid ( X , ~) is a set (or type ) X equipped with an equivalence relation ~. A setoid may also be called E-set , Bishop set , or extensional set . [ 1 ]
Setoids are studied especially in proof theory and in type-theoretic foundations of mathematics . Often in mathematics, when one defines an equi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setoid |
In cybernetics and control theory , a setpoint ( SP ; [ 1 ] also set point ) is the desired or target value for an essential variable, or process value (PV) of a control system , [ 2 ] which may differ from the actual measured value of the variable. Departure of such a variable from its setpoint is one basis for error... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setpoint_(control_system) |
Setsuban Kanri (節番管理) is the name of a production management methodology for make-to-order business companies. [ 1 ] More specifically, it indicates a "management system by synchronized process blocks" which had been originally set and implemented as a management model for the control of the manufacturing progress with... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setsuban_Kanri |
Settling is the process by which particulates move towards the bottom of a liquid and form a sediment . Particles that experience a force, either due to gravity or due to centrifugal motion will tend to move in a uniform manner in the direction exerted by that force. For gravity settling, this means that the particles ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Settleable_solids |
Settlement is the downward movement or the sinking of a structure's foundation . It is mostly caused by changes in the underlying soil, such as drying and shrinking, wetting and softening, or compression due to the soil being poorly compacted when construction started. [ 1 ] Some settlement is quite normal after constr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Settlement_(structural) |
Settling is the process by which particulates move towards the bottom of a liquid and form a sediment . Particles that experience a force, either due to gravity or due to centrifugal motion will tend to move in a uniform manner in the direction exerted by that force. For gravity settling, this means that the particles ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Settling |
A settling basin , settling pond or decant pond is an earthen or concrete structure using sedimentation to remove settleable matter and turbidity from wastewater . The basins are used to control water pollution in diverse industries such as agriculture , [ 1 ] aquaculture , [ 2 ] and mining . [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Turbidity is a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Settling_basin |
The Seven Bridges of Königsberg is a historically notable problem in mathematics. Its negative resolution by Leonhard Euler , in 1736, [ 1 ] laid the foundations of graph theory and prefigured the idea of topology . [ 2 ]
The city of Königsberg in Prussia (now Kaliningrad , Russia ) was set on both sides of the Pregel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Bridges_of_Königsberg |
The seven management and planning tools have their roots in operations research work done after World War II and the Japanese total quality control (TQC) research. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Affinity diagrams are a special kind of brainstorming tool that organize large amount of disorganized data and information into groupings base... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_management_and_planning_tools |
The Sevenfold Sun Miracle was an atmospheric phenomenon witnessed in Gdańsk in 1661. It was a complex halo phenomenon , and was described by Georg Fehlau, the pastor of the St Marien church , in a sermon two weeks later, which was then published under the title Siebenfältiges Sonnenwunder oder sieben Nebensonnen, so in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevenfold_Sun_miracle |
In arithmetic and algebra , the seventh power of a number n is the result of multiplying seven instances of n together. So:
Seventh powers are also formed by multiplying a number by its sixth power , the square of a number by its fifth power , or the cube of a number by its fourth power .
The sequence of seventh powe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seventh_power |
Severyn Marcel Sternhell AO (30 May 1930 – 18 November 2022) was a Polish-born Australian academic and organic chemist . He was professor of Chemistry at the University of Sydney and a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science . His research focused on the induction of chirality into mesophases, aspects of steric hin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sever_Sternhell |
Severe plastic deformation ( SPD ) is a generic term describing a group of metalworking techniques involving very large strains typically involving a complex stress state or high shear, resulting in a high defect density and equiaxed "ultrafine" grain (UFG) size ( d < 1000 nm) or nanocrystalline (NC) structure (d < 100... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severe_plastic_deformation |
The Severinghaus electrode is an electrode that measures carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). It was developed by Dr. John W. Severinghaus and his technician A. Freeman Bradley in 1958. [ 1 ]
It utilizes a CO 2 -sensitive glass electrode in a surrounding film of bicarbonate solution covered by a thin plastic carbon dioxide permeab... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severinghaus_electrode |
The Severnside Sirens are a system of Civil defense sirens located along the South Severn Estuary coastline from Redcliffe Bay to Pilning , northwest of Bristol . They are activated by Avon and Somerset Police [ 1 ] in the event of a potential incident at one of the COMAH sites located in the area, mainly in and near A... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severnside_Sirens |
Sevoflurane , sold under the brand name Sevorane , among others, is a sweet-smelling, nonflammable, highly fluorinated methyl isopropyl ether used as an inhalational anaesthetic for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia . After desflurane , it is the volatile anesthetic with the fastest onset. [ 8 ] While its... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevoflurane |
Sewage (or domestic sewage , domestic wastewater , municipal wastewater ) is a type of wastewater that is produced by a community of people. It is typically transported through a sewer system . [ 1 ] : 175 Sewage consists of wastewater discharged from residences and from commercial, institutional and public facilities ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewage |
Sewage fungus [ 1 ] (also known as undesirable river biofilms, URBs) is a polymicrobial biofilm (a microbial mat ) that proliferates in saprobic rivers [ 2 ] and has been frequently used as a bioindicator [ 3 ] [ 4 ] of organic river pollution for the past century. [ 5 ] Its presence has been strongly associated with d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewage_fungus |
Sewage disposal regulation and administration describes the governance of sewage treatment and disposal.
Sewage treatment systems in the United States are subject to the Clean Water Act (CWA) and are regulated by federal and state environmental agencies. In most states, local sewage plants receive discharge permits fr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewage_regulation_and_administration |
Sewage treatment is a type of wastewater treatment which aims to remove contaminants from sewage to produce an effluent that is suitable to discharge to the surrounding environment or an intended reuse application, thereby preventing water pollution from raw sewage discharges. [ 2 ] Sewage contains wastewater from hous... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewage_treatment |
Sewbo is an industrial sewing robot invented by Sewbo, Inc., a company based in Seattle , Washington .
The company Sewbo, Inc was founded by Jonathan Zornow in 2015. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The robot capable of handling fabric components throughout the entire garment production process. The operation relies on a water-soluble, no... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewbo |
A sewer dosing unit (SDU) is a plumbing device to allow effective sewage disposal with low liquid-flow rates. With a global emphasis on water saving, many new buildings and renovations are seeing the installation of water saving fixtures such as low flow shower heads and low flush toilets . With the decrease in wastewa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewer_dosing_unit |
Sewer mining (or sewage mining ) is a concept where municipal wastewater ( sewage ) is pumped from a trunk sewer and treated on-site to accommodate a range of local, nonpotable water needs. [ 1 ] It is a strategy for combating water scarcity . It combines decentralized wastewater management and water reclamation . [ 1 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewer_mining |
Dosage compensation is the process by which organisms equalize the expression of genes between members of different biological sexes. Across species, different sexes are often characterized by different types and numbers of sex chromosomes . In order to neutralize the large difference in gene dosage produced by differi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex-chromosome_dosage_compensation |
Sex-limited genes are genes that are present in both sexes of sexually reproducing species but are expressed in only one sex and have no penetrance , or are simply 'turned off' in the other. [ 1 ] In other words, sex-limited genes cause the two sexes to show different traits or phenotypes , despite having the same geno... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex-limited_genes |
Sex-linked barring is a plumage pattern on individual feathers in chickens, which is characterized by alternating pigmented and apigmented bars. [ 1 ] The pigmented bar can either contain red pigment ( phaeomelanin ) or black pigment ( eumelanin ) whereas the apigmented bar is always white. The locus is therefore often... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex-linked_barring |
Sex and drugs refers to the influence of substances on sexual function and experience. Sex and drugs date back to ancient humans and have been interlocked throughout human history. Sexual performance is known as the execution of the act of sex and the quality of sexual activity . This includes elements such as libido (... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_and_drugs |
Sex as a biological variable ( SABV ) is a research policy recognizing sex as an important variable to consider when designing studies and assessing results. Research including SABV has strengthened the rigor and reproducibility of findings. Public research institutions including the European Commission , Canadian Inst... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_as_a_biological_variable |
Sex is influenced by water pollutants that are encountered in everyday life. These sources of water can range from the simplicity of a water fountain to the entirety of the oceans. The pollutants within the water range from endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs) in birth control to Bisphenol A (BPA). Foreign substances s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_effects_of_water_pollution |
Sex linkage describes the sex-specific patterns of inheritance and expression when a gene is present on a sex chromosome (allosome) rather than a non-sex chromosome ( autosome ). Genes situated on the X-chromosome are thus termed X-linked, and are transmitted by both males and females, while genes situated on the Y-ch... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_linkage |
Sex pheromones are pheromones released by an organism to attract an individual of the same species, encourage them to mate with them, or perform some other function closely related with sexual reproduction .
Sex pheromones specifically focus on indicating females for breeding, attracting the opposite sex, and conveying... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_pheromone |
Sex segregation , sex separation , sex partition, gender segregation, gender separation, or gender partition [ 1 ] [ 2 ] is the physical, legal, or cultural separation of people according to their gender or biological sex at any age. Sex segregation can simply refer to the physical and spatial separation by sex without... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_segregation |
A sextant is a doubly reflecting navigation instrument that measures the angular distance between two visible objects. The primary use of a sextant is to measure the angle between an astronomical object and the horizon for the purposes of celestial navigation .
The estimation of this angle, the altitude, is known as s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sextant |
In astronomy , sextants are devices depicting a sixth of a circle, used primarily for measuring the position of stars . There are two types of astronomical sextants, mural instruments and frame-based instruments.
They are of significant historical importance, but have been replaced over time by transit telescopes , ot... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sextant_(astronomy) |
In algebra , a sextic (or hexic ) polynomial is a polynomial of degree six.
A sextic equation is a polynomial equation of degree six—that is, an equation whose left hand side is a sextic polynomial and whose right hand side is zero. More precisely, it has the form:
where a ≠ 0 and the coefficients a , b , c , d , e ,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sextic_equation |
A sextuple bond is a type of covalent bond involving 12 bonding electrons and in which the bond order is 6. The only known molecules with true sextuple bonds are the diatomic dimolybdenum ( Mo 2 ) and ditungsten ( W 2 ), which exist in the gaseous phase and have boiling points of 4,639 °C (8,382 °F) and 5,930 °C (10,71... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sextuple_bond |
Sexual antagonistic co-evolution is the relationship between males and females where sexual morphology changes over time to counteract the opposite's sex traits to achieve the maximum reproductive success . This has been compared to an arms race between sexes. In many cases, male mating behavior is detrimental to the f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_antagonistic_coevolution |
Sexual coercion among animals is the use of violence, threats, harassment, and other tactics to help them forcefully copulate . [ 1 ] Such behavior has been compared to sexual assault , including rape , among humans. [ 2 ]
In nature, males and females usually differ in reproductive fitness optima. [ 3 ] Males generall... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_coercion_among_animals |
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Sexual communication is a conversation between partners about sex, which is necessary to obtain sexual consent, to learn about likes and dislikes, and to obtain sexual satisfaction. [ 1 ]
Sexual communication is a transitional stage from the romantic period of a relationship to a closer intimate and sexual relation... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_communication |
Sexual conflict or sexual antagonism occurs when the two sexes have conflicting optimal fitness strategies concerning reproduction , particularly over the mode and frequency of mating, potentially leading to an evolutionary arms race between males and females . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In one example, males may benefit from multipl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_conflict |
Sexual differentiation in humans is the process of development of sex differences in humans . It is defined as the development of phenotypic structures consequent to the action of hormones produced following gonadal determination. [ 1 ] Sexual differentiation includes development of different genitalia and the internal... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_differentiation_in_humans |
Sexual maturity is the capability of an organism to reproduce . In humans, it is related to both puberty and adulthood . [ 1 ] Puberty is the biological process of sexual maturation, while adulthood , the condition of being socially recognized as an independent person capable of giving consent and taking responsibility... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_maturity |
Sexual mimicry occurs when one sex mimics the opposite sex in its behavior, appearance, or chemical signalling. [ 1 ]
It is more commonly seen within invertebrate species, although sexual mimicry is also seen among vertebrates such as spotted hyenas.
Sexual mimicry is commonly used as a mating strategy to gain access... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_mimicry |
Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that involves a complex life cycle in which a gamete ( haploid reproductive cells, such as a sperm or egg cell ) with a single set of chromosomes combines with another gamete to produce a zygote that develops into an organism composed of cells with two sets of chromosomes (... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_reproduction |
In biology , sexual segregation is the differential use of space , habitats , and resources by males and females, or the separation of males and females into different social groups outside the breeding season. Sexual segregation is widespread among animals , especially among vertebrates that live in groups , and has a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_segregation_(biology) |
Sexual selection has been observed in fungi as a part of their reproduction , although they also often reproduce asexually. In the basidiomycetes , the sex ratio is biased towards males, implying sexual selection there. Male–male competition to fertilize occurs in fungi including yeasts. Pheromone signaling is used by ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_selection_in_fungi |
A sexual system is a distribution of male and female functions across organisms in a species . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The terms reproductive system and mating system have also been used as synonyms. [ 3 ]
Sexual systems play a key role in genetic variation and reproductive success , and may also have led to the origin or extinct... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_system |
Sexually active life expectancy is the average number of years remaining for a person to be sexually active . This population-based indicator extends the concept of health expectancy to the measure of sexuality (via sexual activity). Calculation of sexually active life expectancy uses the age-specific prevalence data o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexually_active_life_expectancy |
The sexy son hypothesis in evolutionary biology and sexual selection , proposed by Patrick J. Weatherhead and Raleigh J. Robertson of Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario in 1979, [ 1 ] states that a female's ideal mate choice among potential mates is one whose genes will produce males with the best chance of reprod... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexy_son_hypothesis |
The Seyferth–Gilbert homologation is a chemical reaction of an aryl ketone 1 (or aldehyde ) with dimethyl (diazomethyl)phosphonate 2 and potassium tert-butoxide to give substituted alkynes 3 . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Dimethyl (diazomethyl)phosphonate 2 is often called the Seyferth–Gilbert reagent . [ 3 ]
This reaction is called a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyferth–Gilbert_homologation |
Sfold is a software program developed to predict probable RNA secondary structures through structure ensemble sampling and centroid predictions [ 1 ] [ 2 ] with a focus on assessment of RNA target accessibility, [ 3 ] for major applications to the rational design of siRNAs [ 4 ] in the suppression of gene expressions, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sfold |
Sha-Mail ( 写メール , Sha Mēru ) was a 2G mailing and picture messaging service launched by J-Phone (now Softbank ) in 2000 that allowed users to take a photo with their mobile phone and send it to another user on the service as an email attachment. [ 1 ] A related service introduced in 2002, Video Sha-Mail, let users reco... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sha-Mail |
Shading coefficient (SC) is a measure of thermal performance of a glass unit (panel or window ) in a building .
It is the ratio of solar gain (due to direct sunlight) passing through a glass unit to the solar energy which passes through 3mm Clear Float Glass. [ 1 ] It is an indicator of how well the glass is thermally... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shading_coefficient |
ShadowTV , founded in 2001, provides all-digital continuous-access to live and archived television content via the web. ShadowTV operates two divisions: ShadowTV Monitoring, and ShadowMedia.
In 2008, the Republican National Convention and Democratic National Convention named ShadowTV as their official monitoring serv... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ShadowTV |
In organizations, shadow IT refers to information technology (IT) systems deployed by departments other than the central IT department, to bypass [ 1 ] limitations and restrictions that have been imposed by central information systems. [ 2 ] While it can promote innovation and productivity, shadow IT introduces securit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow_IT |
Shadow matching (a.k.a. Shadow mapping) is a new positioning method that improves positioning accuracy of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) in urban environments. The shadow matching positioning principle was first proposed and the name 'shadow matching' was first introduced by Paul D Groves. [ 1 ] The princip... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow_Matching |
A shadow biosphere is the hypothesis of a hypothetical microbial biosphere of Earth that would use radically different biochemical and molecular processes from that of currently known life. Although life on Earth is relatively well studied, if a shadow biosphere exists, it may still remain unnoticed because the explora... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow_biosphere |
A shadow board is a type of tool board for organizing a set of tools; the board defines where particular tools should be placed when they are not in use. [ 1 ] Shadow boards have the outlines of a work station's tools marked on them, allowing operators to identify quickly which tools are in use or missing. The boards a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow_board |
The shadow effect [ 1 ] is a phenomenon seen in genetic studies that use noninvasive genetic data collection methods. It occurs when there are not enough loci and/or loci that have low variance of alleles within the population. As a result, researchers can capture two separate individuals and mistakenly label them as t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow_effect |
Shadow enhancers are groups of DNA regulatory sequences that function alongside primary enhancers to regulate gene expression . Originally discovered in Drosophila , shadow enhancers have since been identified in a wide range of organisms, including insects , plants , and mammals . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Shadow ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow_enhancer |
The shadow square , also known as an altitude scale , [ 1 ] was an instrument used to determine the linear height of an object, in conjunction with the alidade , for angular observations. An early example was described in an Arabic treatise likely dating to 9th or 10th-century Baghdad . [ 2 ] Shadow squares are often f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow_square |
In the theory of dynamical systems , the shadowing lemma is a lemma describing the behaviour of pseudo-orbits near a hyperbolic invariant set . Informally, the theory states that every pseudo-orbit (which one can think of as a numerically computed trajectory with rounding errors on every step [ 1 ] ) stays uniformly cl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadowing_lemma |
In civil engineering a shaft is an underground vertical or inclined passageway. Shafts are often entered through a manhole and closed by a manhole cover . They are constructed for a number of reasons including:
There are a number of methods for the construction of shafts, the most significant being:
Shafts can be sun... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaft_(civil_engineering) |
In mechanical engineering , a shaft is a rotating machine element , usually circular in cross section, which is used to transmit power from one part to another, or from a machine which produces power to a machine which absorbs power.
They are mainly classified into two types.
The material used for ordinary shafts is ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaft_(mechanical_engineering) |
Shaft alignment is the process of aligning two or more shafts with each other to within a tolerated margin. The resulting fault if alignment is not achieved within the demanded specifications is shaft misalignment , which may be offset or angular. Faults can lead to premature wear and damage to systems.
When a driver ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaft_misalignment |
Shaft mining or shaft sinking is the action of excavating a mine shaft from the top down, where there is initially no access to the bottom. [ 1 ] Shallow shafts , typically sunk for civil engineering projects, differ greatly in execution method from deep shafts, typically sunk for mining projects.
Shaft sinking is one... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaft_sinking |
Shallow is an elevation of the bottom in the sea , river , lake , which impedes navigation . It is a type of an underwater relief where the depth of the water is low compared to that of the surrounding points.
Usually formed by sand or pebble deposits, can also be of volcanic origin or the result of human or animal ac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shallow_(underwater_relief) |
A shallow foundation is a type of building foundation that transfers structural load to the Earth very near to the surface, rather than to a subsurface layer or a range of depths, as does a deep foundation . Customarily, a shallow foundation is considered as such when the width of the entire foundation is greater than ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shallow_foundation |
Shamir Optical Industry Ltd. is an international company headquartered in Kibbutz Shamir, Israel that develops and manufactures optical lenses for eyeglasses . [ 2 ] [ failed verification ] In 2005, the company issued dual listings, on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange and NASDAQ , becoming the first company from the kibbut... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamir_Optical_Industry |
Shang-Ping Xie [ a ] is a climatology and oceanography researcher who holds the Roger Revelle Chair at Scripps Institution of Oceanography . Known best for his research on interaction between the world's oceans and atmosphere and on El Niño–Southern Oscillation , Xie is noted as a Highly Cited Researcher by Clarivate .... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang-Ping_Xie |
Shanghai Astronomy Museum is a planetarium opened in 2021 in Lingang New City , Pudong New Area district, Shanghai . Its dome covers 38,000 square meters. It is the world's largest planetarium in terms of building scale. [ 1 ] The planetarium, designed by New York City based Ennead Architects , serves as an educational... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_Astronomy_Museum |
The Shanghai Stem Cell Institute is an institute in Shanghai , People's Republic of China dedicated to stem cell research .
The institute, located within the Shanghai Jiao Tong University under the School of Medicine faculty, is entirely funded by the government of the People's Republic of China. [ 1 ]
In 2007, the f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_Stem_Cell_Institute |
In information theory , Shannon's source coding theorem (or noiseless coding theorem ) establishes the statistical limits to possible data compression for data whose source is an independent identically-distributed random variable , and the operational meaning of the Shannon entropy .
Named after Claude Shannon , the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon's_source_coding_theorem |
The shannon (symbol: Sh) is a unit of information named after Claude Shannon , the founder of information theory . IEC 80000-13 defines the shannon as the information content associated with an event when the probability of the event occurring is 1 / 2 . It is understood as such within the realm of information theo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon_(unit) |
The Centre for Applied Bioscience Research (Formerly Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre) is a partnership between the Munster Technological University (MTU) and Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest (TUS:MM,) and is co-located between these research institutes in Ireland. CABR applies bioprocessi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon_Applied_Biotechnology_Centre |
In the field of data compression , Shannon coding , named after its creator, Claude Shannon , is a lossless data compression technique for constructing a prefix code based on a set of symbols and their probabilities (estimated or measured). It is suboptimal in the sense that it does not achieve the lowest possible expe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon_coding |
In the field of data compression , Shannon–Fano coding , named after Claude Shannon and Robert Fano , is one of two related techniques for constructing a prefix code based on a set of symbols and their probabilities (estimated or measured).
Shannon–Fano codes are suboptimal in the sense that they do not always achieve... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon–Fano_coding |
In information theory , Shannon–Fano–Elias coding is a precursor to arithmetic coding , in which probabilities are used to determine codewords. [ 1 ] It is named for Claude Shannon , Robert Fano , and Peter Elias .
Given a discrete random variable X of ordered values to be encoded, let p ( x ) {\displaystyle p(x)} be ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon–Fano–Elias_coding |
In information theory , the Shannon–Hartley theorem tells the maximum rate at which information can be transmitted over a communications channel of a specified bandwidth in the presence of noise . It is an application of the noisy-channel coding theorem to the archetypal case of a continuous-time analog communications ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon–Hartley_theorem |
The Shannon–Weaver model is one of the first models of communication . Initially published in the 1948 paper " A Mathematical Theory of Communication ", it explains communication in terms of five basic components: a source, a transmitter, a channel , a receiver, and a destination. The source produces the original messa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon–Weaver_model |
Shanon Shah (born 14 August 1978 in Alor Star , Kedah), is a singer-songwriter, playwright and academic from Malaysia . He released two albums Dilanda Cinta (2005) [ 1 ] and Suara Yang Ku Dengar (2010) [ 2 ] on the InterGlobal Music Malaysia independent label. He is noted for his emotive voice and cabaret-style piano p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanon_Shah |
In metallurgy , a shape-memory alloy ( SMA ) is an alloy that can be deformed when cold but returns to its pre-deformed ("remembered") shape when heated. It is also known in other names such as memory metal , memory alloy , smart metal , smart alloy , and muscle wire . [ citation needed ] The "memorized geometry" can ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape-memory_alloy |
Shape-memory coupling is a system for connecting pipes using shape-memory alloys . In its typical form the technique uses an internally ribbed sleeve of alloy such as Tinel (see Nitinol ) that is slightly smaller in diameter than the pipes it is to connect. The sleeve is cooled in liquid nitrogen then, in this low-temp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape-memory_coupling |
Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are polymeric smart materials that have the ability to return from a deformed state (temporary shape) to their original (permanent) shape when induced by an external stimulus (trigger), such as temperature change. [ 1 ]
Polymer that, after heating and being subjected to a plastic ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape-memory_polymer |
ShapeWriter (previously known as Shorthand-Aided Rapid Keyboarding (SHARK) ) was a keyboard text input method for tablet, handheld PCs, and mobile phones invented by Shumin Zhai and Per Ola Kristensson at IBM Almaden Research Center and the Department of Computer and Information Science at Linköping University .
Using... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ShapeWriter |
This article describes shape analysis to analyze and process geometric shapes .
Shape analysis is the (mostly) [ clarification needed ] automatic analysis of geometric shapes, for example using a computer to detect similarly shaped objects in a database or parts that fit together. For a computer to automatically analy... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_analysis_(digital_geometry) |
Shape coding is a method of design of a control that allows the control's function to be signified by the shape of the control. It was used successfully by Alphonse Chapanis on airplane controls to improve aviation safety .
This design -related article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_coding |
The shape correction function is a ratio of the surface area of a growing organism and that of an isomorph as function of the volume. The shape of the isomorph is taken to be equal to that of the organism for a given reference volume, so for that particular volume the surface areas are also equal and the shape correcti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_correction_function |
In theoretical physics , shape dynamics is a theory of gravity that implements Mach's principle , developed with the specific goal to obviate the problem of time and thereby open a new path toward the resolution of incompatibilities between general relativity and quantum mechanics .
Shape dynamics is dynamically equiv... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_dynamics |
Shape factors are dimensionless quantities used in image analysis and microscopy that numerically describe the shape of a particle, independent of its size. Shape factors are calculated from measured dimensions , such as diameter , chord lengths, area , perimeter , centroid , moments , etc. The dimensions of the part... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_factor_(image_analysis_and_microscopy) |
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