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Yuriy Drozd ( Ukrainian : Юрій Анатолійович Дрозд ; born October 15, 1944) is a Ukrainian mathematician working primarily in algebra . He is a Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and head of the Department of Algebra and Topology at the Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuriy_Drozd |
Yury Georgievich Gogotsi [ a ] (born December 16, 1961) is a scientist in the field of material chemistry , professor at Drexel University , Philadelphia, United States since 2000 in the fields of Materials Science and Engineering and Nanotechnology. Distinguished University and Trustee Chair professor of materials sci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yury_Gogotsi |
Yusif Haydar oglu Mammadaliyev ( Azerbaijani : Yusif Heydər oğlu Məmmədəliyev ; December 31, 1905 – December 15, 1961) was an Azerbaijani and Soviet chemist. He was a Doctor of Chemistry , academician of the National Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR , and was the president of the National Academy of Sciences o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yusif_Mammadaliyev |
Yves Jeannin is a French chemist born on 11 April 1931 in Boulogne sur Seine . He is the son of Raymond Jeannin, architect , and Suzanne Armynot du Chatelet. He married Suzanne Bellé in 1956 and has two children, Philippe and Sylvie, born in 1961 and 1969.
He is a corresponding member of the French Academy of sciences... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yves_Jeannin |
In graph theory , ΔY- and YΔ-transformations (also written delta-wye and wye-delta ) are a pair of operations on graphs . A ΔY-transformation replaces a triangle by a vertex of degree three; and conversely, a YΔ-transformation replaces a vertex of degree three by a triangle. The names for the operations derive from the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YΔ-_and_ΔY-transformation |
Z++ (pronounced zed , or zee in American pronunciation , plus plus ) is an object-oriented extension to the Z specification language .
Z++ allows for the definition of classes , and the relation of classes through inheritance , association , or aggregation . The primary construct of Z++ is a class. A Z++ class consist... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z++ |
Z-Cote is a commercial zinc oxide line [ 1 ] manufactured and owned by BASF . [ 2 ] Due to Z-Cote's photo-protective properties it is commonly used in personal care products and sunscreens. It is available in nano, non-nano, coated and uncoated forms. [ 3 ] Z-Cote is a derivative of zinc oxide which is Generally Recogn... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-Cote |
Z-FA-FMK , abbreviating for benzyloxycarbonyl-phenylalanyl-alanyl-fluoromethyl ketone , is a very potent irreversible inhibitor of cysteine proteases , including cathepsins B , L , and S , cruzain , and papain . It also selectively inhibits effector caspases 2 , 3 , 6 , and 7 but not caspases 8 and 10 . [ 1 ] This com... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-FA-FMK |
Z-HIT , also denoted as ZHIT , Z-HIT relationship , is a bidirectional mathematical transformation, connecting the two parts of a complex function , - i.e. its modulus and its phase . Z-HIT relations are somewhat similar to the Kramers–Kronig relations , where the real part can be computed from the imaginary part (or v... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-HIT |
In covalent bond classification , a Z-type ligand refers to a ligand that accepts two electrons from the metal center. [ 1 ] This is in contrast to X-type ligands, which form a bond with the ligand and metal center each donating one electron, and L-type ligands, which form a bond with the ligand donating two electrons.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-Ligand |
In coding theory and information theory , a Z-channel or binary asymmetric channel is a communications channel used to model the behaviour of some data storage systems.
A Z-channel is a channel with binary input and binary output, where each 0 bit is transmitted correctly, but each 1 bit has probability p of being tra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-channel_(information_theory) |
The Z-factor is a measure of statistical effect size . It has been proposed for use in high-throughput screening (HTS), where it is also known as Z-prime, [ 1 ] to judge whether the response in a particular assay is large enough to warrant further attention.
In HTS, experimenters often compare a large number (hundreds... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-factor |
In chemistry , the Z-matrix is a way to represent a system built of atoms . A Z-matrix is also known as an internal coordinate representation . It provides a description of each atom in a molecule in terms of its atomic number , bond length, bond angle , and dihedral angle , the so-called internal coordinates , [ 1 ] [... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-matrix_(chemistry) |
In mathematical analysis and computer science , functions which are Z-order , Lebesgue curve , Morton space-filling curve , [ 1 ] Morton order or Morton code map multidimensional data to one dimension while preserving locality of the data points (two points close together in multidimensions with high probability lie al... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-order_curve |
The Z-tube is an experimental apparatus for measuring the tensile strength of a liquid .
It consists of a Z-shaped tube with open ends, filled with a liquid, and set on top of a spinning table. If the tube were straight, the liquid would immediately fly out one end or the other of the tube as it began to spin. By bend... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-tube |
"F 0 " is defined as the number of equivalent minutes of steam sterilization at temperature 121.1 °C (250 °F) delivered to a container or unit of product calculated using a z-value of 10 °C. The term F-value or "F Tref/z " is defined as the equivalent number of minutes to a certain reference temperature (T ref ) for a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-value_(temperature) |
The Zuse Z23 was a transistorized computer first delivered in 1961, designed by the Zuse KG company. A total of 98 units were sold to commercial and academic customers up until 1967. It had a 40-bit word length and used an 8192 word drum memory as main storage, with 256 words of rapid-access ferrite memory. It operate... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z23_(computer) |
The Z5 was a computer designed by Konrad Zuse and manufactured by Zuse KG following an order by Ernst Leitz GmbH in Wetzlar in 1950. The computer was delivered in July 1953 [ 1 ] and was the first commercial built-to-order mainframe in Germany. The computer was purchased to help with the design of optical lens systems.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z5_(computer) |
The zirconium-catalyzed asymmetric carbo-alumination reaction (or ZACA reaction ) was developed by Nobel laureate Ei-ichi Negishi . [ 1 ] It facilitates the chiral functionalization of alkenes using organoaluminium compounds under the influence of chiral bis-indenylzirconium catalysts [1] (e.g. bearing chiral terpene r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZACA_reaction |
ZDNET is a business technology news website owned and operated by Ziff Davis . The brand was founded on April 1, 1991, as a general interest technology portal from Ziff Davis and evolved into an enterprise IT -focused online publication. After being under the ownership of CNET Networks (2000–2008), CBS Corporation / Vi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZDNET |
ZFK equation , abbreviation for Zeldovich–Frank-Kamenetskii equation , is a reaction–diffusion equation that models premixed flame propagation. The equation is named after Yakov Zeldovich and David A. Frank-Kamenetskii who derived the equation in 1938 and is also known as the Nagumo equation. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The equation i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZFK_equation |
The ZGPAX S5 is a smartwatch from China. [ 1 ] It is part of a set of products (including Omate TrueSmart ) that use a similar chipset. [ citation needed ] The products in this set also have roughly the same specs but differ in names, case designs and camera placements. [ citation needed ]
For a time, they were consid... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZGPAX_s5 |
ZHLS-GF (Zone-Based Hierarchical Link State Routing Protocol with Gateway Flooding) is a hybrid routing protocol for computer networks that is based on ZHLS. [ 1 ]
In ZHLS, all network nodes construct two routing tables — an intra-zone routing table and an inter-zone routing table — by flooding NodeLSPs within the zon... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZHLS-GF |
The ZINC database ( recursive acronym : ZINC is not commercial ) is a curated collection of commercially available chemical compounds prepared especially for virtual screening . ZINC is used by investigators (generally people with training as biologists or chemists ) in pharmaceutical companies , biotechnology companie... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZINC_database |
ZMPSTE24 is a human gene . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The protein encoded by this gene is a metallopeptidase . It is involved in the processing of lamin A . [ 3 ] Defects in the ZMPSTE24 gene lead to similar laminopathies as defects in lamin A, because the latter is a substrate for the former. [ 4 ] In humans, a mutation abolishing t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZMPSTE24 |
ZMapp is an experimental biopharmaceutical medication comprising three chimeric monoclonal antibodies under development as a treatment for Ebola virus disease . [ 1 ] Two of the three components were originally developed at the Public Health Agency of Canada 's National Microbiology Laboratory (NML), and the third at t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZMapp |
The ZND detonation model is a one-dimensional model for the process of detonation of an explosive . It was proposed during World War II independently by Yakov Zeldovich , [ 1 ] John von Neumann , [ 2 ] and Werner Döring , [ 3 ] hence the name.
This model admits finite-rate chemical reactions and thus the process of d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZND_detonation_model |
The Z N {\displaystyle Z_{N}} model (also known as the clock model ) is a simplified statistical mechanical spin model . It is a generalization of the Ising model . Although it can be defined on an arbitrary graph , it is integrable only on one and two-dimensional lattices , in several special cases.
The Z N {\display... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZN_model |
ZOBODAT is an online catalogue of taxonomic , bibliographic, author and specimen data, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] from mainly German language sources. The database is published by Oberösterreichische Landesmuseen [ de ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] and was founded in 1972 by Ernst Reichl [ de ] . At August 16, 2022, it contained 3,476,485 occu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZOBODAT |
ZPEG is a motion video technology that applies a human visual acuity model to a decorrelated transform-domain space, thereby optimally reducing the redundancies in motion video by removing the subjectively imperceptible. This technology is applicable to a wide range of video processing problems such as video optimizati... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZPEG |
The ZX-calculus is a rigorous graphical language for reasoning about linear maps between qubits , which are represented as string diagrams called ZX-diagrams . A ZX-diagram consists of a set of generators called spiders that represent specific tensors . These are connected together to form a tensor network similar to P... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZX-calculus |
The ZYPAD is a PDA designed to be worn on a user's wrist like a bracer and offers interface port features similar to laptop computer. [ 2 ] It was developed by Eurotech . [ 3 ] It is arguable whether it qualifies as a watch, but it is referred to as a "Wrist Worn PC". It ships with Linux kernel 2.6 and also supports Wi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZYPAD |
The Z User Group ( ZUG ) was established in 1992 to promote use and development of the Z notation , a formal specification language for the description of and reasoning about computer-based systems. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It was formally constituted on 14 December 1992 during the ZUM'92 Z User Meeting [ 6 ] in London , Engl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z_User_Group |
The Z User Group ( ZUG ) was established in 1992 to promote use and development of the Z notation , a formal specification language for the description of and reasoning about computer-based systems. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It was formally constituted on 14 December 1992 during the ZUM'92 Z User Meeting [ 6 ] in London , Engl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z_User_Meeting |
The Z notation / ˈ z ɛ d / is a formal specification language used for describing and modelling computing systems. [ 1 ] It is targeted at the clear specification of computer programs and computer-based systems in general.
In 1974, Jean-Raymond Abrial published "Data Semantics". [ 2 ] He used a notation that would lat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z_notation |
Zaječická hořká ("Zaječice's Bitter Water"; German : Saidschitzer Bitterwasser ) is strongly mineralized natural bitter water from the village of Zaječice in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic .
Zaječická hořká is known since the 16th century for its purgative and gentle laxative effects. It rises from a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaječická_hořká |
Zalcitabine (2′-3′-di deoxycytidine , ddC ), also called dideoxycytidine, is a nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) sold under the trade name Hivid . Zalcitabine was the third antiretroviral to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of HIV/AIDS . It is used as part o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zalcitabine |
Zalo is a Vietnamese instant messaging multi-platform service developed by VNG Corporation . Zalo is also used in other countries outside of Vietnam, including the United States , Japan , South Korea , Australia , Germany , Myanmar and Singapore . [ 1 ]
As of late September 2024, Zalo has approximately 77.6 million ac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zalo |
Zamano plc was an Internet and mobile technology company based in Dublin . [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The company decided in February 2017 to bring their premium rate SMS business lines to a close by the end of 2017. [ 5 ] In November 2018, Zamano plc issued a press release stating that it was entering voluntary liquidation . [ 6 ] A... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamano |
Zanamivir , sold under the brand name Relenza among others, is an anti-viral medication used to treat and prevent influenza caused by influenza A and influenza B viruses . It is a neuraminidase inhibitor and was developed by the Australian biotech firm Biota Holdings. It was licensed to Glaxo Wellcome in 1990 [ citatio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanamivir |
Zanja de Alsina ( Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsaŋxa ðe alˈsina] , Alsina 's trench ) were a system of trenches and wooden watchtowers ( mangrullos ) built in the central and southern parts of Buenos Aires Province to defend the territories of the federal government against indigenous Mapuche malones . The 3-meter (9.8 ft)... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanja_de_Alsina |
The Zanstra method is a method to determine the temperature of central stars of planetary nebulae . It was developed by Herman Zanstra in 1927.
It is assumed that the nebula is optically thick in the Lyman continuum , which means that all ionizing photons from the central star are absorbed inside the nebula.
Based on ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanstra_method |
The Zapple Monitor was a firmware -based product developed by Roger Amidon [ 1 ] at Technical Design Laboratories (also known as TDL ). TDL was based in Princeton, New Jersey , USA in the 1970s and early 1980s. [ 2 ]
The Zapple monitor was a primitive operating system which could be expanded and used as a Basic Input/... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapple_Monitor |
The Zarankiewicz problem , an unsolved problem in mathematics, asks for the largest possible number of edges in a bipartite graph that has a given number of vertices and has no complete bipartite subgraphs of a given size. [ 1 ] It belongs to the field of extremal graph theory , a branch of combinatorics , and is named... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zarankiewicz_problem |
In algebra, Zariski's finiteness theorem gives a positive answer to Hilbert's 14th problem for the polynomial ring in two variables, as a special case. [ 1 ] Precisely, it states:
This commutative algebra -related article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it .
This article about the history of mathemati... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zariski's_finiteness_theorem |
In mathematics , a Zariski geometry consists of an abstract structure introduced by Ehud Hrushovski and Boris Zilber , in order to give a characterisation of the Zariski topology on an algebraic curve , and all its powers. The Zariski topology on a product of algebraic varieties is very rarely the product topology , bu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zariski_geometry |
Zarr is an open standard for storing large multidimensional array data. It specifies a protocol and data format, and is designed to be " cloud ready" including random access , by dividing data into subsets referred to as chunks. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Zarr can be used within many programming languages, including Python , Java , J... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zarr_(data_format) |
In mathematics, the Zassenhaus algorithm [ 1 ] is a method to calculate a basis for the intersection and sum of two subspaces of a vector space .
It is named after Hans Zassenhaus , but no publication of this algorithm by him is known. [ 2 ] It is used in computer algebra systems . [ 3 ]
Let V be a vector space and U ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zassenhaus_algorithm |
In organic chemistry , Zaytsev's rule (or Zaitsev's rule , Saytzeff's rule , Saytzev's rule ) is an empirical rule for predicting the favored alkene product(s) in elimination reactions . While at the University of Kazan , Russian chemist Alexander Zaytsev studied a variety of different elimination reactions and observe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaytsev's_rule |
Zdeněk Herman (24 March 1934 – 25 February 2021) was a Czech physical chemist .
Herman was born on 24 March 1934 in Libušín . [ 1 ] He studied physical chemistry and radiochemistry at the School of Mathematics and Physics of Charles University , Prague (1952–1957). He then joined the Institute of Physical Chemistry of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zdeněk_Herman |
Zearalanone ( ZAN ) is a mycoestrogen that is a derivative of zearalenone (ZEN). [ 1 ] Zearalanone can be extracted from foodstuffs along with aflatoxins in the same time by a specific immunoaffinity column . [ 2 ]
This article about an organic compound is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it .
This bioche... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zearalanone |
Zeba Islam Seraj is a Bangladeshi scientist known for her research in developing salt-tolerant rice varieties suitable for growth in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. She is currently a professor at the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka. [ 1 ]
Seraj studied at the University of Dhaka... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeba_Islam_Seraj |
The ZebraBox [ 1 ] is an automated analysis chamber for the non-intrusive video observation of different types of freshwater marine indicator species , such as Dania rerio and Pimephales promelas . It is a type of Larval Photomoter Response (LPR) assay, which is used to monitor the swimming behaviour of larvae. [ 2 ]
... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZebraBox |
Zebra is the American medical slang for a surprising, often exotic, medical diagnosis , especially when a more commonplace explanation is more likely. [ 1 ] It is shorthand for the aphorism coined in the late 1940s by Theodore Woodward , professor at the University of Maryland School of Medicine , who instructed his me... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebra_(medicine) |
Zebra striping is the coloring of every other row of a table to improve readability . [ 1 ] Although zebra striping has been used for a long time to improve readability, there is relatively little data on how much it helps. [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
In HTML documents, zebra striping can be implemented using the Cascading Style Shee... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebra_striping |
The zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Danionidae of the order Cypriniformes . Native to South Asia, [ 3 ] it is a popular aquarium fish , frequently sold under the trade name zebra danio [ 4 ] (and thus often called a " tropical fish " although it is both tropi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebrafish |
Zech logarithms are used to implement addition in finite fields when elements are represented as powers of a generator α {\displaystyle \alpha } .
Zech logarithms are named after Julius Zech , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] and are also called Jacobi logarithms , [ 5 ] after Carl G. J. Jacobi who used them for number theoret... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zech's_logarithm |
In mathematics , Zeckendorf's theorem , named after Belgian amateur mathematician Edouard Zeckendorf , is a theorem about the representation of integers as sums of Fibonacci numbers .
Zeckendorf's theorem states that every positive integer can be represented uniquely as the sum of one or more distinct Fibonacci number... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeckendorf's_theorem |
The Zeeman effect ( Dutch: [ˈzeːmɑn] ) is the splitting of a spectral line into several components in the presence of a static magnetic field . It is caused by the interaction of the magnetic field with the magnetic moment of the atomic electron associated with its orbital motion and spin ; this interaction shifts some... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeeman_effect |
Zeeman energy , or the external field energy, is the potential energy of a magnetised body in an external magnetic field. It is named after the Dutch physicist Pieter Zeeman , primarily known for the Zeeman effect . In SI units, it is given by
where H Ext is the external field, M the local magnetisation, and the integ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeeman_energy |
In astrophysics , Zeeman–Doppler imaging is a tomographic technique dedicated to the cartography of stellar magnetic fields , as well as surface brightness or spots and temperature distributions.
This method makes use of the ability of magnetic fields to polarize the light emitted (or absorbed) in spectral lines forme... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeeman–Doppler_imaging |
The Zeisel determination or Zeisel test is a chemical test for the presence of esters or ethers in a chemical substance . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
It is named after the Czech chemist Simon Zeisel (1854–1933). In a qualitative test a sample is first reacted with a mixture of acetic acid and hydrogen iodide in a test tub... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeisel_determination |
Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie (English: Journal of Physical Chemistry ) is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering physical chemistry that is published by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag . Its English subtitle is "International Journal of Research in Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics". It was es... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeitschrift_für_Physikalische_Chemie |
Zel'dovich mechanism is a chemical mechanism that describes the oxidation of nitrogen and NO x formation, first proposed by the Russian physicist Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich in 1946. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The reaction mechanisms read as
where k 1 {\displaystyle k_{1}} and k 2 {\displaystyle k_{2}} are the reaction r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeldovich_mechanism |
The Zeldovich number is a dimensionless number which provides a quantitative measure for the activation energy of a chemical reaction which appears in the Arrhenius exponent, named after the Russian scientist Yakov Borisovich Zeldovich , who along with David A. Frank-Kamenetskii , first introduced in their paper in 193... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeldovich_number |
Zeldovich regularization refers to a regularization method to calculate divergent integrals and divergent series , that was first introduced by Yakov Zeldovich in 1961. [ 1 ] Zeldovich was originally interested in calculating the norm of the Gamow wave function which is divergent since there is an outgoing spherical wa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeldovich_regularization |
A Zeldovich spontaneous wave , also known as the Zeldovich gradient mechanism , is a theoretical type of reaction wave that can occur in a reacting substance, such as a gas mixture, where the initial temperature varies across different locations. [ 1 ] This variation in temperature creates gradients that cause differen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeldovich_spontaneous_wave |
In combustion , Zeldovich–Liñán–Dold model or ZLD model or ZLD mechanism is a two-step reaction model for the combustion processes, named after Yakov Borisovich Zeldovich , Amable Liñán and John W. Dold . The model includes a chain-branching and a chain-breaking (or radical recombination) reaction. The model was first ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeldovich–Liñán–Dold_model |
Zeldovich–Taylor flow (also known as Zeldovich–Taylor expansion wave ) is the fluid motion of gaseous detonation products behind Chapman–Jouguet detonation wave . The flow was described independently by Yakov Zeldovich in 1942 [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and G. I. Taylor in 1950, [ 3 ] although G. I. Taylor carried out the work in 194... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeldovich–Taylor_flow |
A zellballen is a small nest of chromaffin cells or chief cells with pale eosinophilic staining. Zellballen are separated into groups by segmenting bands of fibrovascular stroma, and are surrounded by supporting sustentacular cells . [ 1 ] A zellballen pattern is diagnostic for paraganglioma or pheochromocytoma . [ 2 ]... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zellballen |
Zeller's congruence is an algorithm devised by Christian Zeller in the 19th century to calculate the day of the week for any Julian or Gregorian calendar date. It can be considered to be based on the conversion between Julian day and the calendar date.
For the Gregorian calendar, Zeller's congruence is
for the Julian... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeller's_congruence |
In coding theory , Zemor's algorithm , designed and developed by Gilles Zemor, [ 1 ] is a recursive low-complexity approach to code construction. It is an improvement over the algorithm of Sipser and Spielman .
Zemor considered a typical class of Sipser–Spielman construction of expander codes , where the underlying g... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemor's_decoding_algorithm |
Zener pinning is the influence of a dispersion of fine particles on the movement of low- and high-angle grain boundaries through a polycrystalline material. Small particles act to prevent the motion of such boundaries by exerting a pinning pressure which counteracts the driving force pushing the boundaries. Zener pinni... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zener_pinning |
The Zener ratio is a dimensionless number that is used to quantify the anisotropy for cubic crystals . It is sometimes referred as anisotropy ratio and is named after Clarence Zener . [ 1 ] Conceptually, it quantifies how far a material is from being isotropic (where the value of 1 means an isotropic material).
Its ma... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zener_ratio |
In materials science , the Zener–Hollomon parameter , typically denoted as Z , is used to relate changes in temperature or strain-rate to the stress-strain behavior of a material. It has been most extensively applied to the forming of steels at increased temperature, when creep is active. [ 1 ] It is given by
where ε ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zener–Hollomon_parameter |
The zenith ( UK : / ˈ z ɛ n ɪ θ / , US : / ˈ z iː -/ ) [ 1 ] [ 2 ] is the imaginary point on the celestial sphere directly "above" a particular location. "Above" means in the vertical direction ( plumb line ) opposite to the gravity direction at that location ( nadir ). The zenith is the "highest" point on the celestia... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenith |
Zeno's paradoxes are a series of philosophical arguments presented by the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno of Elea (c. 490–430 BC), [ 1 ] [ 2 ] primarily known through the works of Plato , Aristotle , and later commentators like Simplicius of Cilicia . [ 2 ] Zeno devised these paradoxes to support his teacher Parmenides ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeno's_paradoxes |
Zenzizenzizenzic is an obsolete form of mathematical notation representing the eighth power of a number (that is, the zenzizenzizenzic of x is x 8 ), dating from a time when powers were written out in words rather than as superscript numbers. This term was suggested by Robert Recorde , a 16th-century Welsh physician, m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenzizenzizenzic |
Zeolite is a group of several microporous , crystalline aluminosilicate minerals commonly used as commercial adsorbents and catalysts . [ 1 ] They mainly consist of silicon , aluminium , oxygen , and have the general formula M n+ 1/n (AlO 2 ) − (SiO 2 ) x ･y H 2 O where M n+ 1/n is either a metal ion or H + .
The term... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeolite |
Zeolite facies describes the mineral assemblage resulting from the pressure and temperature conditions of low-grade metamorphism .
The zeolite facies is generally considered to be transitional between diagenetic processes which turn sediments into sedimentary rocks , and prehnite-pumpellyite facies , which is a hallma... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeolite_facies |
A zeolite membrane is a synthetic membrane made of crystalline aluminosilicate materials, typically aluminum , silicon , and oxygen with positive counterions such as Na + and Ca 2+ within the structure. Zeolite membranes serve as a low energy separation method. They have recently drawn interest due to their high chemic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeolite_membrane |
A zeotropic mixture , or non-azeotropic mixture, is a mixture with liquid components that have different boiling points . [ 1 ] For example, nitrogen, methane, ethane, propane, and isobutane constitute a zeotropic mixture. [ 2 ] Individual substances within the mixture do not evaporate or condense at the same temperatu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeotropic_mixture |
The Zerewitinoff determination or Zerevitinov determination is a quantitative chemical test for the determination of active hydrogens in a chemical substance [ 1 ] developed by F. V. Tserevitinov [ ru ] (jointly with L. A. Chugaev ) in 1902-1907. A sample is treated with the Grignard reagent , methylmagnesium iodide , ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zerewitinoff_determination |
Zermelo's categoricity theorem was proven by Ernst Zermelo in 1930. It states that all models of a certain second-order version of the Zermelo-Fraenkel axioms of set theory are isomorphic to a member of a certain class of sets.
Let Z F C 2 {\displaystyle \mathrm {ZFC} ^{2}} denote Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory, but with... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zermelo's_categoricity_theorem |
In game theory , Zermelo's theorem is a theorem about finite two-person games of perfect information in which the players move alternately and in which chance does not affect the decision making process. It says that if the game cannot end in a draw, then one of the two players must have a winning strategy (i.e. can fo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zermelo's_theorem_(game_theory) |
In set theory , Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory , named after mathematicians Ernst Zermelo and Abraham Fraenkel , is an axiomatic system that was proposed in the early twentieth century in order to formulate a theory of sets free of paradoxes such as Russell's paradox . Today, Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory, with the histori... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zermelo–Fraenkel_set_theory |
The Zero-Force Evolutionary Law (ZFEL) is a theory proposed by Daniel McShea and Robert Brandon regarding the evolution of diversity and complexity . Under the ZFEL, diversity is understood as the variation among organisms and complexity as the variation among the parts within an organism. [ 1 ] A part is understood as... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-Force_Evolutionary_Law |
An exploit is a method or piece of code that takes advantage of vulnerabilities in software , applications , networks , operating systems , or hardware , typically for malicious purposes.
The term "exploit" derives from the English verb "to exploit," meaning "to use something to one’s own advantage."
Exploits are desig... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-click_attack |
The zero-curtain effect occurs in cold (particularly periglacial ) environments where the phase transition of water to ice is slowed due to latent heat release. The effect is notably found in arctic and alpine permafrost sediments, and occurs where the air temperature falls below 0 ° C (the freezing point of water) fol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-curtain_effect |
The zero-energy universe hypothesis proposes that the total amount of energy in the universe is exactly zero : its amount of positive energy in the form of matter is exactly canceled out by its negative energy in the form of gravity . [ 1 ] Some physicists, such as Lawrence Krauss , Stephen Hawking or Alexander Vilenki... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-energy_universe |
Zero-forcing (or null-steering) precoding is a method of spatial signal processing by which a multiple antenna transmitter can null the multiuser interference in a multi-user MIMO wireless communication system. [ 1 ] When the channel state information is perfectly known at the transmitter, the zero-forcing precoder is ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-forcing_precoding |
A cambered aerofoil generates no lift when it is moving parallel to an axis called the zero-lift axis (or the zero-lift line .) When the angle of attack on an aerofoil is measured relative to the zero-lift axis it is true to say the lift coefficient is zero when the angle of attack is zero. [ 1 ] For this reason, on a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-lift_axis |
A zero-mode waveguide is an optical waveguide that guides light energy into a volume that is small in all dimensions compared to the wavelength of the light.
Zero-mode waveguides have been developed for rapid parallel sensing of zeptolitre sample volumes, as applied to gene sequencing , by Pacific Biosciences (previou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-mode_waveguide |
The zero-phonon line and the phonon sideband jointly constitute the line shape of individual light absorbing and emitting molecules ( chromophores ) embedded into a transparent solid matrix. When the host matrix contains many chromophores, each will contribute a zero- phonon line and a phonon sideband to the absorption... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-phonon_line_and_phonon_sideband |
Zero-point energy ( ZPE ) is the lowest possible energy that a quantum mechanical system may have. Unlike in classical mechanics , quantum systems constantly fluctuate in their lowest energy state as described by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle . [ 1 ] Therefore, even at absolute zero , atoms and molecules retain ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-point_energy |
Zero-rating is the practice of providing Internet access without financial cost under certain conditions, such as by permitting access to only certain websites or by subsidizing the service with advertising or by exempting certain websites from the data allowance. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Commentators discussing zero-rating presen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-rating |
In number theory , zero-sum problems are certain kinds of combinatorial problems about the structure of a finite abelian group . Concretely, given a finite abelian group G and a positive integer n , one asks for the smallest value of k such that every sequence of elements of G of size k contains n terms that sum to 0 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-sum_problem |
Zero-sum thinking perceives situations as zero-sum games , where one person's gain would be another's loss. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The term is derived from game theory . However, unlike the game theory concept, zero-sum thinking refers to a psychological construct —a person's subjective interpretation of a situation. Zero-s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-sum_thinking |
In the mathematical field of graph theory , a zero-symmetric graph is a connected graph in which each vertex has exactly three incident edges and, for each two vertices, there is a unique symmetry taking one vertex to the other. Such a graph is a vertex-transitive graph but cannot be an edge-transitive graph : the numb... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-symmetric_graph |
Zero: The Biography of a Dangerous Idea is a non-fiction book by American author and journalist Charles Seife . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The book was initially released on February 7, 2000, by Viking.
The book offers a comprehensive look at number 0 and its controverting role as one of the great paradoxes of human thought and hist... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero:_The_Biography_of_a_Dangerous_Idea |
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