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In beekeeping the beekeepers or apiarists keep bees to collect honey and other products of the hive beeswax, propolis, bee pollen and royal jelly.
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Pollination of crops, raising queens and production of package bees for sale are other sources of beekeeping income.
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The beekeeping by humans primarily for honey production began around 10000 years ago.
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Georgia is known as the cradle of beekeeping and the oldest honey ever found comes from that country.
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Domestication of bees can be seen in Egyptian art from around 4500 years ago and there is also evidence of beekeeping in ancient China, Greece and Maya.
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In the modern era beekeeping is often used for crop pollination and the production of other products such as wax and propolis.
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The largest beekeeping operations are agricultural businesses but many small beekeeping operations are run as a hobby.
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As beekeeping technology has advanced beekeeping has become more accessible and urban beekeeping was described as a growing trend as of 2010.
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Some studies on beekeeping have found city kept bees are healthier than those in rural settings because there are fewer pesticides and greater biodiversity in cities.
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Birdwatching or birding is the observing of birds either as a recreational activity or as a form of citizen science.
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In birdwatching a birdwatcher may observe by using their naked eye by using a visual enhancement device like binoculars or a telescope by listening for bird sounds or by watching public webcams.
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Most birdwatchers pursue this activity of birdwatching for recreational or social reasons unlike ornithologists who engage in the study of birds using formal scientific methods.
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Camping is a form of outdoor recreation involving overnight stays with a basic temporary shelter such as a tent.
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Camping can also include a recreational vehicle, a permanent tent, a shelter such as a bivy or tar or no shelter at all.
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Typically participants in camping leave developed areas to spend time outdoors in pursuit of activities providing them enjoyment or an educational experience.
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Spending the night away from home distinguishes camping from day tripping, picnicking and other outdoor activities.
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Camping as a recreational activity became popular among elites in the early 20th century.
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With time camping grew in popularity among other socioeconomic classes.
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Modern campers frequent publicly owned natural resources such as national and state parks, wilderness areas and commercial campgrounds for camping.
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In a few countries such as Sweden and Scotland public camping is legal on privately held land as well.
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Camping is a key part of many youth organizations around the world, such as Scouting, which use it to teach both self reliance and teamwork.
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Canoeing is an activity which involves paddling a canoe with a single bladed paddle.
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Common meanings of the term are limited to when canoeing is the central purpose of the activity.
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Broader meanings include when it is combined with other activities such as canoe camping or where canoeing is merely a transportation method used to accomplish other activities.
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Most present day canoeing is done as or as a part of a sport or recreational activity.
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In some parts of Europe canoeing refers to both canoeing and kayaking with a canoe being called an open canoe.
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A few of the recreational forms of canoeing are canoe camping and canoe racing.
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Other forms include a wide range of canoeing on lakes, rivers, oceans, ponds and streams.
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Canyoning or canyoneering in the United States or kloofing in South Africa is a type of mountaineering.
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Canyoning or canyoneering involves travelling in canyons using a variety of techniques that may include other outdoor activities such as walking, scrambling, climbing, jumping, abseiling and swimming.
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The terms Canyoning or canyoneering are more often associated with technical descents those that require abseils and ropework, technical climbing or down climbing, technical jumps or technical swims.
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Canyoning is frequently done in remote and rugged settings and often requires navigational, route finding and other wilderness travel skills.
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Canyons that are ideal for canyoning are often cut into the bedrock stone forming narrow gorges with numerous drops, beautifully sculpted walls and sometimes spectacular waterfalls.
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A wide variety of canyoning routes are found throughout the world and canyoning is enjoyed by people of all ages and skill levels.
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Canyoning gear includes climbing hardware, static or semi static ropes, helmets, wetsuits, and specially designed shoes, packs and rope bags.
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While canyoneers have used and adapted climbing, hiking and river running gear for years more and more specialized gear is invented and manufactured as canyoning popularity increases.
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Car tuning is the modification of a car to optimise it for a different set of performance requirements from those it was originally designed to meet.
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Most commonly car tuning is for higher engine performance and dynamic handling characteristics but cars may also be altered to provide better fuel economy or smoother response.
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The goal when car tuning is the improvement of a vehicle overall performance in response to the user needs.
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Often car tuning is done at the expense of emissions performance, component reliability and occupant comfort.
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As a culture has grown around modified cars the term car tuning has grown to encompass the cosmetic and stylistic changes owners make to personalize their vehicles.
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Dog walkingis the act of a person walking with a dog typically from the dog residence and then returning.
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Leashes are commonly used during dog walking.
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Both owners and pets receive many benefits for dog walking including exercise and companionship.
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In Australia, New Zealand and Cornwall, fossicking is prospecting especially when carried out as a recreational activity and this can be for gold, precious stones, fossils by sifting through a prospective area.
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In Australian English and New Zealand English the term fossicking has an extended use meaning to rummage.
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The term fossicking has been argued to come from Cornish.
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In Australia the fossicking is protected by a number of laws which vary from state to state and in Queensland fossickers must obtain a licence but no licence is required in New South Wales.
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In South Australia the fossicking is defined as gathering of minerals as a recreation and without any intention to sell the minerals or to utilise them for a commercial purpose.
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Generally this fossicking activity is regulated by the relevant State Government Department with certain rules to be followed.
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Fossicking can be done in remote locations with no facilities, or can be a part of a guided tour.
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Several small businesses in Australia have set up for the purpose of introducing new people to fossicking or providing facilities for fossickers near the areas being searched.
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Frequently fossickers will try day trips and where this is impractical due to the remote location they may combine the fossicking search with an overnight camping trip.
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Many of the areas where mineral specimens are to be found are areas of outstanding natural beauty and other recreational activities such as photography and hiking are common additions to a fossicking trip.
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Amusement park visiting includes going to an amusement park that is a park that features various attractions such as rides and games as well as other events for entertainment purposes.
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Fruit picking or fruit harvesting is a seasonal activity paid or recreational that occurs during harvest time in areas with fruit growing wild or being farmed in orchards.
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Geocaching is an outdoor recreational activity.
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Geocaching participants use a GPS receiver or mobile device and other navigational techniques to hide and seek containers called geocaches or caches at specific locations marked by coordinates all over the world.
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Geocaching can be considered a location based game.
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Geocaching shares many aspects with benchmarking, trigpointing, orienteering, treasure hunting, letterboxing, trail blazing and Munzee.
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Ghost hunting is the process of investigating locations that are reported to be haunted by ghosts.
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Typically a ghost hunting team will attempt to collect evidence supporting the existence of paranormal activity.
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Other more traditional ghost hunting techniques are also used such as conducting interviews and researching the history of allegedly haunted sites.
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Ghost hunting has been heavily criticized for its dismissal of the scientific method.
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The ghost hunting practice is considered a pseudoscience by the vast majority of educators, academics and science writers.
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Gold prospecting is the act of searching for new gold deposits.
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Methods used in gold prospecting vary with the type of deposit sought and the resources of the prospector.
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Although traditionally a commercial activity in some developed countries placer gold prospecting has also become a popular outdoor recreation.
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Graffiti is art that is written, painted or drawn on a wall or other surface usually without permission and within public view.
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Graffiti ranges from simple written words to elaborate wall paintings and has existed since ancient times with examples dating back to ancient Egypt, ancient Greece and the Roman Empire.
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Graffiti is a controversial subject.
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Citing the use of graffiti by street gangs to mark territory or to serve as an indicator of gang related activities.
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Graffiti is a growing urban problem for cities in industrialized nations spreading from New York City subway system and Philadelphia in the early 1970s to rest of United States and Europe and other world regions.
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Groundhopping is a hobby that involves attending matches at as many different stadiums or grounds as possible.
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Participants in groundhopping are known as groundhoppers, hoppers or travellers.
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Groundhopping is largely a football related pastime.
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Groundhopping includes groundhoppers who are football fans who usually have a neutral opinion regarding football clubs.
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Groundhopping includes groundhoppers who try to attend as many football games in as many football stadiums or venues seeing the whole process as a leisure activity.
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Hiking is a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails or footpaths in the countryside.
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Walking for pleasure developed in Europe during the eighteenth century.
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Religious pilgrimages have existed much longer but they involve walking long distances for a spiritual purpose associated with specific religions.
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Hiking is the preferred term in Canada and the United States the term walking is used in these regions for shorter particularly urban walks.
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In the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland the word walking describes all forms of walking whether it is a walk in the park or backpacking in the Alps.
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The word hiking is also often used in the UK along with rambling, hillwalking and fell walking a term mostly used for hillwalking in northern England.
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The term bushwalking is endemic to Australia having been adopted by the Sydney Bush Walkers club in 1927.
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In New Zealand a long vigorous walk or hike is called tramping.
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Tramping is a popular activity with numerous hiking organizations worldwide and studies suggest that all forms of walking have health benefits.
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Letterboxing is an outdoor hobby that combines elements of orienteering, art and puzzle solving.
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Magnet fishing also called magnetic fishing is searching in outdoor waters for ferromagnetic objects available to pull with a strong neodymium magnet.
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The magnet fishing hobby is a combination of environmentalism and treasure hunting.
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The magnets used for magnet fishing are strong enough to remove large debris such as discarded bicycles, guns, safes, bombs, grenades, coins and car tire rims from bodies of water.
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Many who engage in magnet fishing are hoping to find rare and valuable items as well.
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It is thought magnet fishing was initially started by boaters using magnets to recover fallen keys from the water.
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Noodling is fishing for catfish using one bare hands or feet and is practiced primarily in the southern United States.
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In noodling the noodler places their hand or foot inside a discovered catfish hole in order to catch the fish.
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Other names for the same noodling activity are used in different regions primarily in the South and Midwest and include hogging, dogging, grappling, grabbling and tickling.
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The term noodling although today used primarily towards the capture of flathead catfish has been applied to all hand fishing methods regardless of the method or species of fish sought.
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The origin of the term noodling is unknown.
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Noodling as a term has also been applied to various unconventional methods of fishing such as any which do not use bait, rod and reel, speargun but this usage is much less common.
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The term noodling has also been applied to the similar capture of snapping turtles.
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