context stringlengths 158 2.13k | question stringlengths 13 202 | answers.text list | answers.answer_start list | feat_id list | feat_title list | feat_metadata.split list | feat_metadata.model_in_the_loop list | start_logits list | end_logits list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The final major evolution of the steam engine design was the use of steam turbines starting in the late part of the 19th century. Steam turbines are generally more efficient than reciprocating piston type steam engines (for outputs above several hundred horsepower), have fewer moving parts, and provide rotary power dir... | What used the things more efficient than reciprocating piston type steam engines? | [
"ships"
] | [
838
] | [
"d21d399a85192fef6f57336773a46a16d4cd2335"
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"Steam_engine"
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"validation"
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In 2010, Newcastle was positioned ninth in the retail centre expenditure league of the UK. There are several major shopping areas in Newcastle City Centre. The largest of these is the Eldon Square Shopping Centre, one of the largest city centre shopping complexes in the UK. It incorporates a flagship Debenhams store as... | what is the second to last apparel company mentioned? | [
"Hollister"
] | [
1236
] | [
"f2540f4ce34613d2b7615de28537694d7a3bb5d3"
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The chloroplastidan chloroplasts, or green chloroplasts, are another large, highly diverse primary chloroplast lineage. Their host organisms are commonly known as the green algae and land plants. They differ from glaucophyte and red algal chloroplasts in that they have lost their phycobilisomes, and contain chlorophyll... | What have lost their phycobilisomes? | [
"chloroplastidan chloroplasts"
] | [
4
] | [
"646173e4a0533cfb6f813dbc49932931920a744d"
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"Chloroplast"
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In 1939, c. 1,300,000 people lived in Warsaw, but in 1945 – only 420,000. During the first years after the war, the population growth was c. 6%, so shortly the city started to suffer from the lack of flats and of areas for new houses. The first remedial measure was the Warsaw area enlargement (1951) – but the city auth... | Area shortages meant a shortage of what? | [
"new houses"
] | [
223
] | [
"f1bebc2ff49d8f2f54166c3afaa8497f347032c7"
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"Warsaw"
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The first fortified settlements on the site of today's Warsaw were located in Bródno (9th/10th century) and Jazdów (12th/13th century). After Jazdów was raided by nearby clans and dukes, a new similar settlement was established on the site of a small fishing village called Warszowa. The Prince of Płock, Bolesław II of ... | What is the earliest century in which Brodno could have been built? | [
"9th"
] | [
86
] | [
"750b370f4dd9bd28706c8e043cb585b51ab449e9"
] | [
"Warsaw"
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Luther's rediscovery of "Christ and His salvation" was the first of two points that became the foundation for the Reformation. His railing against the sale of indulgences was based on it. | What else was based upon the first of two points that became the foundation for the Reformation? | [
"His railing against the sale of indulgences"
] | [
127
] | [
"5ae9262c0ca8f5cdbe8cfd06c557fd73c8756e66"
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"Martin_Luther"
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Some chloroplasts contain a structure called the chloroplast peripheral reticulum. It is often found in the chloroplasts of C4 plants, though it has also been found in some C3 angiosperms, and even some gymnosperms. The chloroplast peripheral reticulum consists of a maze of membranous tubes and vesicles continuous with... | What feature of the chloroplast is the chloroplast peripheral reticulum connected to? | [
"inner chloroplast membrane"
] | [
325
] | [
"1f63152cb8b05fcd110fba3f6130b8ede4a3b428"
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"Chloroplast"
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Two Block I CSMs were launched from LC-34 on suborbital flights in 1966 with the Saturn IB. The first, AS-201 launched on February 26, reached an altitude of 265.7 nautical miles (492.1 km) and splashed down 4,577 nautical miles (8,477 km) downrange in the Atlantic ocean. The second, AS-202 on August 25, reached 617.1 ... | Which Block I CSM was not launched in August? | [
"AS-201"
] | [
103
] | [
"b810190bb95a01e931c605ffb0d2ee1fad50efe5"
] | [
"Apollo_program"
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In addition, there are $2 million worth of other ancillary events, including a week-long event at the Santa Clara Convention Center, a beer, wine and food festival at Bellomy Field at Santa Clara University, and a pep rally. A professional fundraiser will aid in finding business sponsors and individual donors, but stil... | what is the second source of sponsorship given besides businesses and corporations | [
"individual donors"
] | [
293
] | [
"6377a1d8081eae1668eb40af320f25a15509555d"
] | [
"Super_Bowl_50"
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Throughout its history, the United Methodist Church has placed great emphasis on the importance of education. As such, the United Methodist Church established and is affiliated with around one hundred colleges and universities in the United States, including Syracuse University, Boston University, Emory University, Duk... | What organization might have started the association of schools? | [
"the United Methodist Church"
] | [
24
] | [
"c2637e5725c5557dbec879c84b308216e69aa782"
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"United_Methodist_Church"
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Luther is honoured on 18 February with a commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints. In the Church of England's Calendar of Saints he is commemorated on 31 October. | The honoring of Luther happens in February and what other month | [
"October"
] | [
218
] | [
"689cb6c96d4cde10fdc1455b0e97a089f8fe1113"
] | [
"Martin_Luther"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
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Luther wrote "Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir" ("From depths of woe I cry to you") in 1523 as a hymnic version of Psalm 130 and sent it as a sample to encourage evangelical colleagues to write psalm-hymns for use in German worship. In a collaboration with Paul Speratus, this and seven other hymns were published in the... | Besides Psalm 130, what is another Psalm that was turned into a hymn? | [
"Psalm 51"
] | [
798
] | [
"f569e26eee7adff2dcd116ed92eedc48b21a6f7c"
] | [
"Martin_Luther"
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"validation"
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Luther devised the catechism as a method of imparting the basics of Christianity to the congregations. In 1529, he wrote the Large Catechism, a manual for pastors and teachers, as well as a synopsis, the Small Catechism, to be memorised by the people themselves. The catechisms provided easy-to-understand instructional ... | what religion is mentioned last? | [
"Christian faith"
] | [
522
] | [
"67604dae04c72983085b0746cb73bc87047c0843"
] | [
"Martin_Luther"
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Luther was a prolific hymn-writer, authoring hymns such as "Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott" ("A Mighty Fortress Is Our God"), based on Psalm 46, and "Vom Himmel hoch, da komm ich her" ("From Heaven Above to Earth I Come"), based on Luke 2:11–12. Luther connected high art and folk music, also all classes, clergy and lait... | what was the inspiration for Vom Himmel hoch, da komm ich her? | [
"Luke 2:11–12"
] | [
231
] | [
"0b8d0896befac0c1387efde990b30de9aebe2d8c"
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"Martin_Luther"
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"validation"
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"Combined"
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A B cell identifies pathogens when antibodies on its surface bind to a specific foreign antigen. This antigen/antibody complex is taken up by the B cell and processed by proteolysis into peptides. The B cell then displays these antigenic peptides on its surface MHC class II molecules. This combination of MHC and antige... | What activates the matching helper T cells? | [
"combination of MHC and antigen"
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291
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Luther devised the catechism as a method of imparting the basics of Christianity to the congregations. In 1529, he wrote the Large Catechism, a manual for pastors and teachers, as well as a synopsis, the Small Catechism, to be memorised by the people themselves. The catechisms provided easy-to-understand instructional ... | what did Luther involve in the catechism to provide further understanding? | [
"questions and answers"
] | [
461
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His translation of the Bible into the vernacular (instead of Latin) made it more accessible, which had a tremendous impact on the church and German culture. It fostered the development of a standard version of the German language, added several principles to the art of translation, and influenced the writing of an Engl... | What language did he translate the Bible into: German or English? | [
"German"
] | [
214
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Luther next set about reversing or modifying the new church practices. By working alongside the authorities to restore public order, he signalled his reinvention as a conservative force within the Reformation. After banishing the Zwickau prophets, he now faced a battle against not only the established Church but also t... | What kind of church was Luther against? | [
"established"
] | [
291
] | [
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"Martin_Luther"
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An oscillating cylinder steam engine is a variant of the simple expansion steam engine which does not require valves to direct steam into and out of the cylinder. Instead of valves, the entire cylinder rocks, or oscillates, such that one or more holes in the cylinder line up with holes in a fixed port face or in the pi... | What feature makes this type of engine valuable for use in small mechanized items? | [
"simplicity"
] | [
412
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"2dc0e7e757c9752eabbb7cfdb6479dc65d030f7f"
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A consortium led by the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) has had some success in helping farmers grow new pigeon pea varieties, instead of maize, in particularly dry areas. Pigeon peas are very drought resistant, so can be grown in areas with less than 650 mm annual rainfall. S... | Which climate occurence makes it difficult to grow maize and similar crops? | [
"drought"
] | [
236
] | [
"7bdeafd76c4e82053b75fb70032b43c974228d2d"
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"Kenya"
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There are many concepts of teachers in Islam, ranging from mullahs (the teachers at madrassas) to ulemas, who teach of the laws of Islam for the proper way of Islamic living according to the Sunnah and Ahadith, and can render legal verdicts upon matters of Islamic law in accordance with the teaching of one of the Four ... | what group is mentioned 3rd? | [
"ulemas"
] | [
98
] | [
"d2d5c14e4bb3e29ff8d3b46fd3aeb3253d4cd743"
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There were tax exemptions for religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors. The Mongol Empire practiced religious tolerance because Mongol tradition had long held that religion was a personal concept, and not subject to law or interference.[citation needed] Sometime before the rise of Genghis Khan, Ong K... | What did the Mongol Empire believe? | [
"religion was a personal concept"
] | [
183
] | [
"2f564a0a885b652c1b4c7f5bd1003d5bfd4779f2"
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"Genghis_Khan"
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The way a teacher promotes the course they are teaching, the more the student will get out of the subject matter. The three most important aspects of teacher enthusiasm are enthusiasm about teaching, enthusiasm about the students, and enthusiasm about the subject matter. A teacher must enjoy teaching. If they do not en... | What kind of teachers are able to play an important part in their students' lives? | [
"enthusiastic"
] | [
824
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A 2000 study found that 42% of UK teachers experienced occupational stress, twice the figure for the average profession. A 2012 study found that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers. | What do normal workers not have to deal with as much? | [
"anxiety, depression, and stress"
] | [
185
] | [
"b6a71a728a35506dd4cd2179c9342acf5e1a047a"
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At this time, none of the tribal confederations of Mongolia were united politically, and arranged marriages were often used to solidify temporary alliances. Temüjin grew up observing the tough political climate of Mongolia, which included tribal warfare, thievery, raids, corruption, and continual acts of revenge carrie... | who has a son? | [
"Hoelun"
] | [
474
] | [
"a8b05b4668ceb0ed475b0ec4a79190da4d85b582"
] | [
"Genghis_Khan"
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Luther wrote "Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir" ("From depths of woe I cry to you") in 1523 as a hymnic version of Psalm 130 and sent it as a sample to encourage evangelical colleagues to write psalm-hymns for use in German worship. In a collaboration with Paul Speratus, this and seven other hymns were published in the... | In addition to Psalm 130, what is another chapter that was made into a song? | [
"51"
] | [
804
] | [
"2b403bd66694b0aab86303230c5444ce09217a5a"
] | [
"Martin_Luther"
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Martin Luther was born to Hans Luder (or Ludher, later Luther) and his wife Margarethe (née Lindemann) on 10 November 1483 in Eisleben, Saxony, then part of the Holy Roman Empire. He was baptized as a Catholic the next morning on the feast day of St. Martin of Tours. His family moved to Mansfeld in 1484, where his fath... | What is significant about where Martin Luther was born? | [
"then part of the Holy Roman Empire"
] | [
144
] | [
"1fe127a8fbabe2c69d68681716951a0a2562fa80"
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"Martin_Luther"
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In November 1969, Gemini veteran Charles "Pete" Conrad and rookie Alan L. Bean made a precision landing on Apollo 12 within walking distance of the Surveyor 3 unmanned lunar probe, which had landed in April 1967 on the Ocean of Storms. The Command Module Pilot was Gemini veteran Richard F. Gordon, Jr. Conrad and Bean c... | Who broke the television camera? | [
"Conrad and Bean"
] | [
303
] | [
"a6dae2a7490bbca50930051efd282707e4708a0d"
] | [
"Apollo_program"
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"validation"
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The origin of the legendary figure is not fully known. The best-known legend, by Artur Oppman, is that long ago two of Triton's daughters set out on a journey through the depths of the oceans and seas. One of them decided to stay on the coast of Denmark and can be seen sitting at the entrance to the port of Copenhagen.... | Which of the following is not a type of body of water: oceans, river or beach? | [
"beach"
] | [
439
] | [
"e86c83ae7e0961de6a91e37c83d316335c266169"
] | [
"Warsaw"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
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... |
The three-stage Saturn V was designed to send a fully fueled CSM and LM to the Moon. It was 33 feet (10.1 m) in diameter and stood 363 feet (110.6 m) tall with its 96,800-pound (43,900 kg) lunar payload. Its capability grew to 103,600 pounds (47,000 kg) for the later advanced lunar landings. The S-IC first stage burned... | When was the most force needed? | [
"The S-IC first stage"
] | [
293
] | [
"fff921873d1316bd83fbf7a546e78b3e9c27494d"
] | [
"Apollo_program"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
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] | [
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In 1781 James Watt patented a steam engine that produced continuous rotary motion. Watt's ten-horsepower engines enabled a wide range of manufacturing machinery to be powered. The engines could be sited anywhere that water and coal or wood fuel could be obtained. By 1883, engines that could provide 10,000 hp had become... | Who created an engine, other than Watt? | [
"Newcomen"
] | [
500
] | [
"eea495b02a5a314b97702bdc1f36a3a88e96e27a"
] | [
"Steam_engine"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
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-2.962890625,
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The city is the seat of a Roman Catholic archdiocese (left bank of the Vistula) and diocese (right bank), and possesses various universities, most notably the Polish Academy of Sciences and the University of Warsaw, two opera houses, theatres, museums, libraries and monuments. The historic city-centre of Warsaw with it... | Which bank has the more prestigious Roman Catholic organization? | [
"left"
] | [
54
] | [
"6eacdceb33caa2f78deb34fa0cb916d0a91cf8ec"
] | [
"Warsaw"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
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Seamans' establishment of an ad-hoc committee headed by his special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin in July 1961, to recommend a launch vehicle to be used in the Apollo program, represented a turning point in NASA's mission mode decision. This committee recognized that the chosen mode was an important part of t... | Who created the ad-hoc committee? | [
"Seamans"
] | [
0
] | [
"bacd2e379f507099b3ea8bf46eacdff5e198138d"
] | [
"Apollo_program"
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"validation"
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Gothic architecture is represented in the majestic churches but also at the burgher houses and fortifications. The most significant buildings are St. John's Cathedral (14th century), the temple is a typical example of the so-called Masovian gothic style, St. Mary's Church (1411), a town house of Burbach family (14th ce... | What is the older important baroque structure? | [
"St. Hyacinth's Church"
] | [
805
] | [
"792c247ae9a1bfcef6a16c614a58a2199425b760"
] | [
"Warsaw"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
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] | [
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... |
What we now call gravity was not identified as a universal force until the work of Isaac Newton. Before Newton, the tendency for objects to fall towards the Earth was not understood to be related to the motions of celestial objects. Galileo was instrumental in describing the characteristics of falling objects by determ... | What is measured from sea level? | [
"acceleration due to gravity towards the surface of the Earth"
] | [
445
] | [
"24503fe704b47616664af5c4795b8c3e4f36c702"
] | [
"Force"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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One theory suggests the name stems from a palatalised version of the Mongolian and Turkic word tenggis, meaning "ocean", "oceanic" or "wide-spreading". (Lake Baikal and ocean were called tenggis by the Mongols. However, it seems that if they had meant to call Genghis tenggis they could have said, and written, "Tenggis ... | What does Genghis mean? | [
"\"right\", \"just\", or \"true\""
] | [
375
] | [
"9f2d4cc0654a9c29acaa1babcd6d8825167735ba"
] | [
"Genghis_Khan"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
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Apicomplexans are another group of chromalveolates. Like the helicosproidia, they're parasitic, and have a nonphotosynthetic chloroplast. They were once thought to be related to the helicosproidia, but it is now known that the helicosproida are green algae rather than chromalveolates. The apicomplexans include Plasmodi... | helicosproidia were once thought to belong to what group | [
"chromalveolates"
] | [
35
] | [
"89515bd3632a8af60b1044bfb8a90e0d5d4353ee"
] | [
"Chloroplast"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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Since the 1980s, Lutheran Church denominations have repudiated Martin Luther's statements against the Jews and have rejected the use of them to incite hatred against Lutherans. Strommen et al.'s 1970 survey of 4,745 North American Lutherans aged 15–65 found that, compared to the other minority groups under consideratio... | Which of the following is not a religious tradition: Protestant, Nazi, or Catholic? | [
"Nazis"
] | [
616
] | [
"2348652746f3e1252c324874529c976a2ee3afed"
] | [
"Martin_Luther"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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The weak force is due to the exchange of the heavy W and Z bosons. Its most familiar effect is beta decay (of neutrons in atomic nuclei) and the associated radioactivity. The word "weak" derives from the fact that the field strength is some 1013 times less than that of the strong force. Still, it is stronger than gravi... | What do kelvins measure? | [
"temperatures"
] | [
488
] | [
"2f8997d789c4d01d0bc9159f5920d86eb0eb2986"
] | [
"Force"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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CBS broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay with special guest performers Beyoncé and Bruno Mars, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII and Super Bowl XLVIII halfti... | When do headliner perform at the Super Bowl? | [
"halftime"
] | [
140
] | [
"2ea9cde382e30c0e15a4f28565525f7e9a7039a8"
] | [
"Super_Bowl_50"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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30 US states have banned corporal punishment, the others (mostly in the South) have not. It is still used to a significant (though declining) degree in some public schools in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas. Private schools in these and most other states may also use it... | Where is Georgia located? | [
"US"
] | [
3
] | [
"4cf3a292d6cbe04ea211242942aa83c17bfd187a"
] | [
"Teacher"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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3.1171875,
-1.4... |
In the United States especially, several high-profile cases such as Debra LaFave, Pamela Rogers, and Mary Kay Letourneau have caused increased scrutiny on teacher misconduct. | Which person mentioned has a first name where the third letter is m? | [
"Pamela Rogers"
] | [
82
] | [
"821fedb4c320031acab0528a460864bd45865d12"
] | [
"Teacher"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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The mayor of Warsaw is called President. Generally, in Poland, the mayors of bigger cities are called presidents – i.e. such cities, which have over 100,000 people or these, where already was president before 1990. The first Warsaw President was Jan Andrzej Menich (1695–1696). Between 1975 and 1990 the Warsaw President... | Which citizens elect the President of Warsaw today? | [
"all of the citizens of Warsaw"
] | [
727
] | [
"7a10b1cf7a991a1c86780949a78565233e74d144"
] | [
"Warsaw"
] | [
"validation"
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Torque is the rotation equivalent of force in the same way that angle is the rotational equivalent for position, angular velocity for velocity, and angular momentum for momentum. As a consequence of Newton's First Law of Motion, there exists rotational inertia that ensures that all bodies maintain their angular momentu... | What force maintains angular momentum without an unbalanced torque? | [
"rotational inertia"
] | [
242
] | [
"aef6e6b79202976bb744a351d2cc602715d404ce"
] | [
"Force"
] | [
"validation"
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In a purely capitalist mode of production (i.e. where professional and labor organizations cannot limit the number of workers) the workers wages will not be controlled by these organizations, or by the employer, but rather by the market. Wages work in the same way as prices for any other good. Thus, wages can be consid... | Which of the following is not a drawback of markets: high levels of inequality, abuse of workers and consumers, or profit? | [
"profit"
] | [
1078
] | [
"8dd41b9004aa08f23aac9ab57ae7d6d0518d7e85"
] | [
"Economic_inequality"
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"validation"
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Kenya won several medals during the Beijing Olympics, six gold, four silver and four bronze, making it Africa's most successful nation in the 2008 Olympics. New athletes gained attention, such as Pamela Jelimo, the women's 800m gold medalist who went ahead to win the IAAF Golden League jackpot, and Samuel Wanjiru who w... | How many medals did Africa's most successful team win? | [
"six gold, four silver and four bronze"
] | [
54
] | [
"c54560b821149a26633a88b18b1066252ed8a330"
] | [
"Kenya"
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"validation"
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Justifying Grace or Accepting Grace is that grace, offered by God to all people, that we receive by faith and trust in Christ, through which God pardons the believer of sin. It is in justifying grace we are received by God, in spite of our sin. In this reception, we are forgiven through the atoning work of Jesus Christ... | what do we get even if we do bad things | [
"justifying grace"
] | [
183
] | [
"4e4ce3a4836e06d0bb1b1c998f7e0db775c49311"
] | [
"United_Methodist_Church"
] | [
"validation"
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During the English Civil War, the North declared for the King. In a bid to gain Newcastle and the Tyne, Cromwell's allies, the Scots, captured the town of Newburn. In 1644 the Scots then captured the reinforced fortification on the Lawe in South Shields following a siege. In 1644 the city was then besieged for many mon... | Why did the king give the town a motto? | [
"grateful"
] | [
413
] | [
"b54e527e0777dd7831d46998c4730afabf31aaa7"
] | [
"Newcastle_upon_Tyne"
] | [
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Chloroplasts are one of many types of organelles in the plant cell. They are considered to have originated from cyanobacteria through endosymbiosis—when a eukaryotic cell engulfed a photosynthesizing cyanobacterium that became a permanent resident in the cell. Mitochondria are thought to have come from a similar event,... | What process is happening to the cyanobacterium as it is engulfed? | [
"photosynthesizing"
] | [
182
] | [
"3b08fce1294b33fa664a89f1d0a7a987113d4282"
] | [
"Chloroplast"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
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Concerns were raised over whether Levi's Stadium's field was of a high enough quality to host a Super Bowl; during the inaugural season, the field had to be re-sodded multiple times due to various issues, and during a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker ... | Which of the following people is an athlete, Ed Mangan or Justin Tucker? | [
"Justin Tucker"
] | [
320
] | [
"bb0d8253597b6456bf75db37b8df5a49c425b757"
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Other than the curriculum led learning, there are also National and Public Library Services led by the Kenya National Library Service (KNLS). KNLS is the body mandated to establish, equip, manage and maintain national and public libraries in the country. In addition, some of the counties within the country have either ... | Where do you have to go to go to McMillan Memorial Library? | [
"Nairobi"
] | [
378
] | [
"2549e1cb79f1dad7801d9cbc76c0af83b4379337"
] | [
"Kenya"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
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This combination of cancellations and σ and π overlaps results in dioxygen's double bond character and reactivity, and a triplet electronic ground state. An electron configuration with two unpaired electrons as found in dioxygen (see the filled π* orbitals in the diagram), orbitals that are of equal energy—i.e., degene... | What does it mean if two orbitals are degenerate? | [
"equal energy"
] | [
295
] | [
"9438e555f7707fea25a824097653717520d8507a"
] | [
"Oxygen"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
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The immune system protects organisms from infection with layered defenses of increasing specificity. In simple terms, physical barriers prevent pathogens such as bacteria and viruses from entering the organism. If a pathogen breaches these barriers, the innate immune system provides an immediate, but non-specific respo... | What is the first line of defense against pathogens? | [
"physical barriers"
] | [
118
] | [
"84dcc2541254b7c8986e7e9dfec159b99818e118"
] | [
"Immune_system"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
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The first direct elections for native Kenyans to the Legislative Council took place in 1957. Despite British hopes of handing power to "moderate" local rivals, it was the Kenya African National Union (KANU) of Jomo Kenyatta that formed a government. The Colony of Kenya and the Protectorate of Kenya each came to an end ... | What does the "A" in KANU stand for? | [
"African"
] | [
177
] | [
"9ca692b97510dc437a8e4679ae9df6b189ce75e4"
] | [
"Kenya"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
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The Super Bowl 50 Host Committee has vowed to be "the most giving Super Bowl ever", and will dedicate 25 percent of all money it raises for philanthropic causes in the Bay Area. The committee created the 50 fund as its philanthropic initiative and focuses on providing grants to aid with youth development, community inv... | Where is the 50 fund getting its money? | [
"The Super Bowl"
] | [
0
] | [
"5df4679c18019567ec599885790862a5219bdc46"
] | [
"Super_Bowl_50"
] | [
"validation"
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Agriculture is the second largest contributor to Kenya's gross domestic product (GDP), after the service sector. In 2005 agriculture, including forestry and fishing, accounted for 24% of GDP, as well as for 18% of wage employment and 50% of revenue from exports. The principal cash crops are tea, horticultural produce, ... | Which two sectors of Kenya's economy are considered to be part of its agricultural sector? | [
"forestry and fishing"
] | [
144
] | [
"353785d7a74dbfa0df1926482b287594f8a2ddc6"
] | [
"Kenya"
] | [
"validation"
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Other shopping destinations in Newcastle include Grainger Street and the area around Grey's Monument, the relatively modern Eldon Garden and Monument Mall complexes, the Newgate Centre, Central Arcade and the traditional Grainger Market. Outside the city centre, the largest suburban shopping areas are Gosforth and Byke... | What is the only continent mentioned in the text? | [
"Europe"
] | [
481
] | [
"8dd15b4e91938a1c3d298efe1d4246c71e17c1f7"
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"Newcastle_upon_Tyne"
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There were tax exemptions for religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors. The Mongol Empire practiced religious tolerance because Mongol tradition had long held that religion was a personal concept, and not subject to law or interference.[citation needed] Sometime before the rise of Genghis Khan, Ong K... | What was not ruled by law and free from interference? | [
"religion"
] | [
183
] | [
"2e92b093c6e3e9f6668a4302d48995f751283db8"
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The mayor of Warsaw is called President. Generally, in Poland, the mayors of bigger cities are called presidents – i.e. such cities, which have over 100,000 people or these, where already was president before 1990. The first Warsaw President was Jan Andrzej Menich (1695–1696). Between 1975 and 1990 the Warsaw President... | Before 2002, who picked the President of Warsaw? | [
"the City council"
] | [
416
] | [
"4c90a11f6b8b9986eb0f49dd4bdd4564f75a59e5"
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"Warsaw"
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The third assessment report (TAR) prominently featured a graph labeled "Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction" based on a 1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes (MBH99), which has been referred to as the "hockey stick graph". This graph extended the similar graph in ... | Which time had higher temperatures in England, the Medieval Warm Period or 2007? | [
"2007"
] | [
983
] | [
"2c13731e233c89e73fd8a67a334f4e52b731cc65"
] | [
"Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change"
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The flagship stations of each station in the markets of each team will carry their local play-by-play calls. In Denver, KOA (850 AM) and KRFX (103.5 FM) will carry the game, with Dave Logan on play-by-play and Ed McCaffrey on color commentary. In North Carolina, WBT (1110 AM) will carry the game, with Mick Mixon on pla... | what company other than clear-channel broadcasts the games? | [
"Westwood One"
] | [
845
] | [
"f502620f73a9297cb42de15545aa2e2a8de66656"
] | [
"Super_Bowl_50"
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Ludwig Krapf recorded the name as both Kenia and Kegnia believed by most to be a corruption of the Kamba version. Others say that this was—on the contrary—a very precise notation of a correct African pronunciation /ˈkɛnjə/. An 1882 map drawn by Joseph Thompsons, a Scottish geologist and naturalist, indicated Mt. Kenya ... | How else might you spell Kenia? | [
"Kegnia"
] | [
49
] | [
"a77ed028dfe552a79b30335975dafc16c6930c8b"
] | [
"Kenya"
] | [
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Central Banking economist Raghuram Rajan argues that "systematic economic inequalities, within the United States and around the world, have created deep financial 'fault lines' that have made [financial] crises more likely to happen than in the past" – the Financial crisis of 2007–08 being the most recent example. To c... | What was the first year of the financial crisis? | [
"2007"
] | [
277
] | [
"451dffd335154fdccc4ec722d82b9da85f5d2342"
] | [
"Economic_inequality"
] | [
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Wesleyan theology stands at a unique cross-roads between evangelical and sacramental, between liturgical and charismatic, and between Anglo-Catholic and Reformed theology and practice. It has been characterized as Arminian theology with an emphasis on the work of the Holy Spirit to bring holiness into the life of the p... | While the UMC is considered relatively tolerant of social issues like race and gender, it is considered less moderate on what social issue? | [
"sexuality"
] | [
1123
] | [
"5ca1d5bdf44d46c2120eab77be3d8a7edec080d2"
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"United_Methodist_Church"
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The Parish Church of St Andrew is traditionally recognised as 'the oldest church in this town'. The present building was begun in the 12th Century and the last addition to it, apart from the vestries, was the main porch in 1726. It is quite possible that there was an earlier church here dating from Saxon times. This ol... | Who worshipped at the Parish Church? | [
"Many key names"
] | [
622
] | [
"bbf394d7c447abb13fa6afb54b49684769dc0c16"
] | [
"Newcastle_upon_Tyne"
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His poor physical health made him short-tempered and even harsher in his writings and comments. His wife Katharina was overheard saying, "Dear husband, you are too rude," and he responded, "They are teaching me to be rude." In 1545 and 1546 Luther preached three times in the Market Church in Halle, staying with his fri... | What was the name of the person Katharina called rude? | [
"Luther"
] | [
241
] | [
"32d33a15219479c0c4295e51779c8470fe9ae2be"
] | [
"Martin_Luther"
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In land plants, chloroplasts are generally lens-shaped, 5–8 μm in diameter and 1–3 μm thick. Greater diversity in chloroplast shapes exists among the algae, which often contain a single chloroplast that can be shaped like a net (e.g., Oedogonium), a cup (e.g., Chlamydomonas), a ribbon-like spiral around the edges of th... | What species has chloroplasts near the edge of cells? | [
"Sirogonium"
] | [
397
] | [
"816a0130969af469bced69767f58bf398478a708"
] | [
"Chloroplast"
] | [
"validation"
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The United Methodist Church, along with other Methodist churches, condemns capital punishment, saying that it cannot accept retribution or social vengeance as a reason for taking human life. The Church also holds that the death penalty falls unfairly and unequally upon marginalized persons including the poor, the unedu... | What is the second scripture listed that condemns capital punishment | [
"John 8:7"
] | [
555
] | [
"2cc9ec5d10932ec48475ce18607cf89df8edbd14"
] | [
"United_Methodist_Church"
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Genghis Khan is regarded as one of the prominent leaders in Mongolia's history. He is responsible for the emergence of the Mongols as a political and ethnic identity because there was no unified identity between the tribes that had cultural similarity. He reinforced many Mongol traditions and provided stability and uni... | What is Chinggis' surname? | [
"Khaan"
] | [
1269
] | [
"8093f2a5a15272820049b3affd13496ab0645e48"
] | [
"Genghis_Khan"
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In late November 2015, reports surfaced stating that "multiple acts" would perform during the halftime show. On December 3, the league confirmed that the show would be headlined by the British rock group Coldplay. On January 7, 2016, Pepsi confirmed to the Associated Press that Beyoncé, who headlined the Super Bowl XLV... | Who was the second performer during the halftime show at Super Bowl 48? | [
"Mark Ronson"
] | [
504
] | [
"13a1a20b7742edc73340861cb7bc8725fa02c979"
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"Super_Bowl_50"
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"validation"
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Although Kenya is the most industrially developed country in the African Great Lakes region, manufacturing still accounts for only 14% of the GDP. Industrial activity, concentrated around the three largest urban centres, Nairobi, Mombasa and Kisumu, is dominated by food-processing industries such as grain milling, beer... | Which of these is an urban center: Nairobi or Jua Kali? | [
"Nairobi"
] | [
221
] | [
"864659da754bc2bebe5683ab63f7182205ae2c5f"
] | [
"Kenya"
] | [
"validation"
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The Parish Church of St Andrew is traditionally recognised as 'the oldest church in this town'. The present building was begun in the 12th Century and the last addition to it, apart from the vestries, was the main porch in 1726. It is quite possible that there was an earlier church here dating from Saxon times. This ol... | What part of the church was damaged by the Scots? | [
"The church tower"
] | [
706
] | [
"446c54169128de63e2455761a27e24818175bde2"
] | [
"Newcastle_upon_Tyne"
] | [
"validation"
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East and Central Africa's biggest economy has posted tremendous growth in the service sector, boosted by rapid expansion in telecommunication and financial activity over the last decade, and now[when?] contributes 62% of GDP. 22% of GDP still comes from the unreliable agricultural sector which employs 75% of the labour... | How is the economy of East and Central Africa? | [
"under-developed"
] | [
359
] | [
"b99ce331353f3e2aaee03e938cf52938d6fed9ca"
] | [
"Kenya"
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The third assessment report (TAR) prominently featured a graph labeled "Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction" based on a 1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes (MBH99), which has been referred to as the "hockey stick graph". This graph extended the similar graph in ... | Who does the first letter in "MBH99" refer to? | [
"Mann"
] | [
167
] | [
"de46794737de559732cb5429f00a5ea0821fd448"
] | [
"Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change"
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30 US states have banned corporal punishment, the others (mostly in the South) have not. It is still used to a significant (though declining) degree in some public schools in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas. Private schools in these and most other states may also use it... | What is on the decline? | [
"corporal punishment"
] | [
25
] | [
"10abd28fa74d3c99683aa927a7b1e00cae953204"
] | [
"Teacher"
] | [
"validation"
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Another green space in Newcastle is the Town Moor, lying immediately north of the city centre. It is larger than London's famous Hyde Park and Hampstead Heath put together and the freemen of the city have the right to graze cattle on it. The right incidentally extends to the pitch of St. James' Park, Newcastle United F... | Where is the Hoppings funfair held? | [
"Town Moor"
] | [
40
] | [
"100303db73e4051089035f246d0aeef2b12c4e47"
] | [
"Newcastle_upon_Tyne"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
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Luther's rediscovery of "Christ and His salvation" was the first of two points that became the foundation for the Reformation. His railing against the sale of indulgences was based on it. | It was the salvation of whom that Luther rediscovered, leading to his railing against the sale of indulgences? | [
"Christ"
] | [
25
] | [
"d882261dcb913abd0d078205774904ffd8a9c6ea"
] | [
"Martin_Luther"
] | [
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The first fortified settlements on the site of today's Warsaw were located in Bródno (9th/10th century) and Jazdów (12th/13th century). After Jazdów was raided by nearby clans and dukes, a new similar settlement was established on the site of a small fishing village called Warszowa. The Prince of Płock, Bolesław II of ... | what is the last time period mentioned? | [
"1526"
] | [
706
] | [
"eecc50a0b50a3aa038f26e9948e81128cdfb9597"
] | [
"Warsaw"
] | [
"validation"
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In addition to the negative consequences of sleep deprivation, sleep and the intertwined circadian system have been shown to have strong regulatory effects on immunological functions affecting both the innate and the adaptive immunity. First, during the early slow-wave-sleep stage, a sudden drop in blood levels of cort... | What hormones decrease during the slow-wave-sleep stage? | [
"cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine"
] | [
316
] | [
"5b69fe860971dca6439529af9cf91c18cb357d4d"
] | [
"Immune_system"
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"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
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This means that in a closed system of particles, there are no internal forces that are unbalanced. That is, the action-reaction force shared between any two objects in a closed system will not cause the center of mass of the system to accelerate. The constituent objects only accelerate with respect to each other, the s... | What is a function of division mentioned in the article? | [
"the magnitude of the external force divided by the mass of the system"
] | [
484
] | [
"dadd97fed5ac96ae27734e3ccd9185c473bec9c6"
] | [
"Force"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
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The city is served by the Tyne and Wear Metro, a system of suburban and underground railways covering much of Tyne and Wear. It was opened in five phases between 1980 and 1984, and was Britain's first urban light rail transit system; two extensions were opened in 1991 and 2002. It was developed from a combination of ex... | WHat did the bridge connect besides Gateshead and Tyne? | [
"Newcastle"
] | [
475
] | [
"8d76e81d552d7b6fd7fc28afc342fcebdb0aa5d3"
] | [
"Newcastle_upon_Tyne"
] | [
"validation"
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Oxygen condenses at 90.20 K (−182.95 °C, −297.31 °F), and freezes at 54.36 K (−218.79 °C, −361.82 °F). Both liquid and solid O2 are clear substances with a light sky-blue color caused by absorption in the red (in contrast with the blue color of the sky, which is due to Rayleigh scattering of blue light). High-purity li... | On the Celsius scale, when does O2 freeze? | [
"−218.79 °C"
] | [
78
] | [
"b6bd56e4656880f3bddda916adf783c5eb546e62"
] | [
"Oxygen"
] | [
"validation"
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The Saturn IB was an upgraded version of the Saturn I. The S-IB first stage increased the thrust to 1,600,000 pounds-force (7,120 kN), and the second stage replaced the S-IV with the S-IVB-200, powered by a single J-2 engine burning liquid hydrogen fuel with LOX, to produce 200,000 lbf (890 kN) of thrust. A restartable... | What happened to the first model to become the Saturn IB? It was? | [
"upgraded"
] | [
21
] | [
"a9d0448de377c377aed7e706f25910fa7a6ee7d6"
] | [
"Apollo_program"
] | [
"validation"
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... |
It is likely that a multicomponent, adaptive immune system arose with the first vertebrates, as invertebrates do not generate lymphocytes or an antibody-based humoral response. Many species, however, utilize mechanisms that appear to be precursors of these aspects of vertebrate immunity. Immune systems appear even in t... | Which of the following can be found in invetebrates: lymphocytes, acquired immunity or antibody-based humoral response? | [
"acquired immunity"
] | [
546
] | [
"9801960d7160b2aa1274234e449c95c81cc17bc1"
] | [
"Immune_system"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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Lepidodinium viride and its close relatives are dinophytes that lost their original peridinin chloroplast and replaced it with a green algal derived chloroplast (more specifically, a prasinophyte). Lepidodinium is the only dinophyte that has a chloroplast that's not from the rhodoplast lineage. The chloroplast is surro... | What does Lepidodinium viride have that most most dinophytes lack? | [
"green algal derived chloroplast"
] | [
129
] | [
"e60fc5160ee90108f04b2272e54b57badba819e4"
] | [
"Chloroplast"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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-7.29296875,
-8.6640625,
-6.2109375,
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-8.71875,
-9.03125,
-8.5,... |
The earliest known movie featuring some exterior scenes filmed in the city is On the Night of the Fire (1939), though by and large the action is studio-bound. Later came The Clouded Yellow (1951) and Payroll (1961), both of which feature more extensive scenes filmed in the city. The 1971 film Get Carter was shot on loc... | Where was most of the action filmed in the movie On the Night of the Fire? | [
"studio"
] | [
145
] | [
"966214a2ee8cb1c8b416d133ee5dd230f48e11e9"
] | [
"Newcastle_upon_Tyne"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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-7.2734375,
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In 2014, work was completed on the stations historic entrance. Glazing was placed over the historic arches and the Victorian architecture was enhanced; transforming the 19th century public portico. The station is one of only six Grade One listed railway stations in the UK. Opened in 1850 by Queen Victoria, it was the f... | What part of the station was not included in the 2014 renovations, the entrance or the roof? | [
"roof"
] | [
642
] | [
"888d797c49294f5b26bc975469a849d9cf4e4000"
] | [
"Newcastle_upon_Tyne"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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At the time of the Marburg Colloquy, Suleiman the Magnificent was besieging Vienna with a vast Ottoman army. Luther had argued against resisting the Turks in his 1518 Explanation of the Ninety-five Theses, provoking accusations of defeatism. He saw the Turks as a scourge sent to punish Christians by God, as agents of t... | What prayer did Luther offer? | [
"national deliverance from the Turks, asking God to \"give to our emperor perpetual victory over our enemies\""
] | [
1218
] | [
"ceb5d923e19b202178d3529a96a418788d0a72f7"
] | [
"Martin_Luther"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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-3.044921875,
-6.0390625,
-8.4296875,
-8.171875,
-6.125,
-8.164062... |
It is a logical extension of the compound engine (described above) to split the expansion into yet more stages to increase efficiency. The result is the multiple expansion engine. Such engines use either three or four expansion stages and are known as triple and quadruple expansion engines respectively. These engines u... | Which of the following uses Y-S-T engines, triple expansion engines or double expansion engines? | [
"triple"
] | [
812
] | [
"4582a387fe24f7945cb919bde1881ea75334e7d2"
] | [
"Steam_engine"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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-8.8984375,
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-5.660... | [
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... |
The city is the seat of a Roman Catholic archdiocese (left bank of the Vistula) and diocese (right bank), and possesses various universities, most notably the Polish Academy of Sciences and the University of Warsaw, two opera houses, theatres, museums, libraries and monuments. The historic city-centre of Warsaw with it... | Which of the following is not a place of learning: Polish Academy of Sciences, Old Town, or the University of Warsaw? | [
"Old Town"
] | [
334
] | [
"d45157301fbfca83fdb67e744c179431f66ddbb5"
] | [
"Warsaw"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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-4.92578125,
-6.4765625,
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-6.5078125,... |
Tamara de Lempicka was a famous artist born in Warsaw. She was born Maria Górska in Warsaw to wealthy parents and in 1916 married a Polish lawyer Tadeusz Łempicki. Better than anyone else she represented the Art Deco style in painting and art. Nathan Alterman, the Israeli poet, was born in Warsaw, as was Moshe Vilenski... | What is the pseudonym of the artist both to wealthy parents in Warsaw? | [
"Tamara de Lempicka"
] | [
0
] | [
"b01a7b7813c4b42731fd3c7f2f2c5219732a8727"
] | [
"Warsaw"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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-0.74658203125,
-2.609375,
-4.3046875,
-2.0625,
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-0.275390625,
... |
The alga Cyanophora, a glaucophyte, is thought to be one of the first organisms to contain a chloroplast. The glaucophyte chloroplast group is the smallest of the three primary chloroplast lineages, being found in only 13 species, and is thought to be the one that branched off the earliest. Glaucophytes have chloroplas... | what kind of partition does glaucophytes have | [
"peptidoglycan wall"
] | [
337
] | [
"7d4678ff80c468c9f37b37e6eb6777ea8cd8ec0f"
] | [
"Chloroplast"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
1.78125,
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-8.8828125,
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-8.1484375,
-9.34375,
-9.6796875,
-9.109375,
-8.1015625,
-5.031... |
On April 12, 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to fly in space, reinforcing American fears about being left behind in a technological competition with the Soviet Union. At a meeting of the US House Committee on Science and Astronautics one day after Gagarin's flight, many congressmen pledged t... | What group did Kennedy not fall in line with? | [
"many congressmen"
] | [
294
] | [
"f729da509d37b334cb3ada8fdbaecffaa5ad474f"
] | [
"Apollo_program"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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-5.09375,
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The Pilgrim Street building was refurbished between November 2006 and May 2008; during the refurbishment works, the cinema relocated to the Old Town Hall, Gateshead. In May 2008 the Tyneside Cinema reopened in the restored and refurbished original building. The site currently houses three cinemas, including the restore... | What was affected by the refurbishment? | [
"cinema"
] | [
116
] | [
"54eb6055aed37d8e7007254c9bcbb26d04a725b4"
] | [
"Newcastle_upon_Tyne"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
-3.48828125,
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-7.328125,
-5.90625,
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-3.1875,
-3.541015625,
-3.75,
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-2.5625,
-6.6953125,
-7.0546875,
-4.90625,
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-6.56640625,
-2.02929687... |
In a report, published in early February 2007 by the Ear Institute at the University College London, and Widex, a Danish hearing aid manufacturer, Newcastle was named as the noisiest city in the whole of the UK, with an average level of 80.4 decibels. The report claimed that these noise levels would have a negative lon... | Who were those people working in Widex? | [
"Danish"
] | [
114
] | [
"e5b51125b2117bb50adfd971725d7ec0dcdb5977"
] | [
"Newcastle_upon_Tyne"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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-0.46337890625,
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-7.7890625,
-6.88671875,
-4.47265625,
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-5.37109375,
-1.35449... |
From Newcastle International Ferry Terminal, at North Shields, Danish DFDS Seaways run a service to IJmuiden (near Amsterdam). The DFDS ferry service to Gothenburg, Sweden, ceased at the end of October 2006 – the company cited high fuel prices and new competition from low-cost air services as the cause – and their serv... | What nationality is the DFDS ferry service? | [
"Danish"
] | [
63
] | [
"50d1953cb41677f6b4f6b640d7792add4c8000b2"
] | [
"Newcastle_upon_Tyne"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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-8.2578125,
-9.0546875,
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3.62890625,
-5.40625,
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-8.71875,
-6.48046875,
-6.7578125,
3.724609375,
-4.171875,
-4.91... |
Martin Luther married Katharina von Bora, one of 12 nuns he had helped escape from the Nimbschen Cistercian convent in April 1523, when he arranged for them to be smuggled out in herring barrels. "Suddenly, and while I was occupied with far different thoughts," he wrote to Wenceslaus Link, "the Lord has plunged me into... | What did Luther say he was engrossed in? | [
"far different thoughts"
] | [
237
] | [
"660dcaea7812a4cbd0c8baebab65ff4e9e21530b"
] | [
"Martin_Luther"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
] | [
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-6.578125,
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Since teachers can affect how students perceive the course materials, it has been found that teachers who showed enthusiasm towards the course materials and students can affect a positive learning experience towards the course materials. On teacher/course evaluations, it was found that teachers who have a positive disp... | What is important for student approval? | [
"enthusiastic teachers"
] | [
731
] | [
"fe6d1230e6a89ca07abede9fcd92552ae0b93d0f"
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"Teacher"
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"validation"
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On May 3, 1901, downtown Jacksonville was ravaged by a fire that started as a kitchen fire. Spanish moss at a nearby mattress factory was quickly engulfed in flames and enabling the fire to spread rapidly. In just eight hours, it swept through 146 city blocks, destroyed over 2,000 buildings, left about 10,000 homeless ... | What did the militia enforce? | [
"martial law"
] | [
462
] | [
"2eb8046fe956d3f4bf69520f8361708aea2d0289"
] | [
"Jacksonville,_Florida"
] | [
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In the autumn of 1991, talks were held for the broadcast rights for Premier League for a five-year period, from the 1992 season. ITV were the current rights holders, and fought hard to retain the new rights. ITV had increased its offer from £18m to £34m per year to keep control of the rights. BSkyB joined forces with t... | What was needed for broadcast? | [
"rights"
] | [
57
] | [
"3dd4adf1f44502a53ed390967769b0b534935164"
] | [
"Sky_(United_Kingdom)"
] | [
"validation"
] | [
"Combined"
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