context stringlengths 157 4.06k | question stringlengths 12 197 | answers.text list | answers.answer_start list | feat_id list | feat_title list | start_logits list | end_logits list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Train operator Virgin Trains East Coast provides a half-hourly frequency of trains to London King's Cross, with a journey time of about three hours, these services call at Durham, Darlington, York, Doncaster, Newark North Gate and Peterborough and north to Scotland with all trains calling at Edinburgh and a small numbe... | Whose trains serve destinations in Yorkshire? | [
"CrossCountry",
"CrossCountry",
"CrossCountry"
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377,
377,
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"Newcastle_upon_Tyne",
"Newcastle_upon_Tyne",
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In 1893 Richard Dean Adams, who headed up the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company sought Tesla's opinion on what system would be best to transmit power generated at the falls. Over several years there had been a series of proposals and open competitions on how best to utilize power generated by the falls with m... | What type of system did Tesla suggest to Adams? | [
"a two-phased system",
"two-phased system",
"two-phased system"
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The S-IVB orbital workshop was the only one of these plans to make it off the drawing board. Dubbed Skylab, it was constructed complete on the ground rather than in space, and launched in 1973 using the two lower stages of a Saturn V. It was equipped with an Apollo Telescope Mount, the solar telescope that would have b... | Was the Skylab assembled on Earth's surface or in space? | [
"on the ground",
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"constructed complete on the ground",
"on the ground"
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However, this definition is disputed by Thoreau's political philosophy pitching the conscience vs. the collective. The individual is the final judge of right and wrong. More than this, since only individuals act, only individuals can act unjustly. When the government knocks on the door, it is an individual in the form ... | Who is to blame for acting unjustly? | [
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The reason for the order of the classes and the reason why people were placed in a certain class was the date they surrendered to the Mongols, and had nothing to do with their ethnicity. The earlier they surrendered to the Mongols, the higher they were placed, the more the held out, the lower they were ranked. The Nort... | Why were Northern Chinese ranked higher? | [
"The earlier they surrendered to the Mongols",
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Compact trucks were introduced, such as the Toyota Hilux and the Datsun Truck, followed by the Mazda Truck (sold as the Ford Courier), and the Isuzu-built Chevrolet LUV. Mitsubishi rebranded its Forte as the Dodge D-50 a few years after the oil crisis. Mazda, Mitsubishi and Isuzu had joint partnerships with Ford, Chrys... | Name a type of Toyota compact trucks? | [
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Dynamic equilibrium was first described by Galileo who noticed that certain assumptions of Aristotelian physics were contradicted by observations and logic. Galileo realized that simple velocity addition demands that the concept of an "absolute rest frame" did not exist. Galileo concluded that motion in a constant velo... | Who had the idea of a natural state for objects at rest? | [
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The sculpture collection at the V&A is the most comprehensive holding of post-classical European sculpture in the world. There are approximately 22,000 objects in the collection that cover the period from about 400 AD to 1914. This covers among other periods Byzantine and Anglo Saxon ivory sculptures, British, French a... | Which uses of sculpture are represented in the collection? | [
"All",
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438
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During his time at his lab, Tesla observed unusual signals from his receiver which he concluded may be communications from another planet. He mentioned them in a letter to reporter Julian Hawthorne at the Philadelphia North American on 8 December 1899 and in a December 1900 letter about possible discoveries in the new ... | When did Marconi transmit similar signals to those Tesla received? | [
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When B cells and T cells are activated and begin to replicate, some of their offspring become long-lived memory cells. Throughout the lifetime of an animal, these memory cells remember each specific pathogen encountered and can mount a strong response if the pathogen is detected again. This is "adaptive" because it occ... | When B cells and T cells begin to replicate, what do some of their offspring cells become? | [
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94,
94
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Tesla was offered the task of completely redesigning the Edison Company's direct current generators. In 1885, he said that he could redesign Edison's inefficient motor and generators, making an improvement in both service and economy. According to Tesla, Edison remarked, "There's fifty thousand dollars in it for you—if... | How much did Edison offer Tesla to redesign a motor and generators? | [
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The working fluid in a Rankine cycle can operate as a closed loop system, where the working fluid is recycled continuously, or may be an "open loop" system, where the exhaust steam is directly released to the atmosphere, and a separate source of water feeding the boiler is supplied. Normally water is the fluid of choic... | What is the typical working fluid in a steam engine? | [
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It is a common misconception to ascribe the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to the repulsion of like charges under the influence of the electromagnetic force. However, these characteristics actually result from the Pauli exclusion principle.[citation needed] Since electrons are fermions, they cannot occupy the s... | What is needed to pack electrons densely together? | [
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In July 1977, General Zia-ul-Haq overthrew Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto's regime in Pakistan. Ali Bhutto, a leftist in democratic competition with Islamists, had announced banning alcohol and nightclubs within six months, shortly before he was overthrown. Zia-ul-Haq was much more committed to Islamism, and "Islam... | When was the regime in Pakistan overthrown by General Zia-ul-Haq? | [
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Following the treaty, King George III issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763 on October 7, 1763, which outlined the division and administration of the newly conquered territory, and to some extent continues to govern relations between the government of modern Canada and the First Nations. Included in its provisions was ... | Who issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763? | [
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The election held in 1988 saw the advent of the mlolongo (queuing) system, where voters were supposed to line up behind their favoured candidates instead of a secret ballot. This was seen as the climax of a very undemocratic regime and it led to widespread agitation for constitutional reform. Several contentious clause... | Who won the elections in 1992 and 1997? | [
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The needs of soy farmers have been used to justify many of the controversial transportation projects that are currently developing in the Amazon. The first two highways successfully opened up the rainforest and led to increased settlement and deforestation. The mean annual deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005 (22,392 k... | Highways built in the Amazon rainforest were built primarily for what kind of farmers? | [
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While Qutb's ideas became increasingly radical during his imprisonment prior to his execution in 1966, the leadership of the Brotherhood, led by Hasan al-Hudaybi, remained moderate and interested in political negotiation and activism. Fringe or splinter movements inspired by the final writings of Qutb in the mid-1960s ... | Whose ideas became increasingly radical during his imprisonment? | [
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Building activity occurred in numerous noble palaces and churches during the later decades of the 17th century. One of the best examples of this architecture are Krasiński Palace (1677–1683), Wilanów Palace (1677–1696) and St. Kazimierz Church (1688–1692). The most impressive examples of rococo architecture are Czapski... | When was the Palace on the Water rebuilt? | [
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At the end of World War I, the Rhineland was subject to the Treaty of Versailles. This decreed that it would be occupied by the allies, until 1935 and after that, it would be a demilitarised zone, with the German army forbidden to enter. The Treaty of Versailles and this particular provision, in general, caused much re... | When was Rhineland subject to the Treaty of Versailles? | [
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Doctor Who has appeared on stage numerous times. In the early 1970s, Trevor Martin played the role in Doctor Who and the Daleks in the Seven Keys to Doomsday. In the late 1980s, Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker both played the Doctor at different times during the run of a play titled Doctor Who – The Ultimate Adventure. For... | Which actor was a replacement for Doctor Who due to the illness of the main actor? | [
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The Toshiba gallery of Japanese art opened in December 1986. The majority of exhibits date from 1550 to 1900, but one of the oldest pieces displayed is the 13th-century sculpture of Amida Nyorai. Examples of classic Japanese armour from the mid-19th century, steel sword blades (Katana), Inrō, lacquerware including the ... | Suzuki Chokichi's incense burner dated 1875 is made of what from material? | [
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LeGrande writes that "the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult, if not impossible. In reviewing the voluminous literature on the subject, the student of civil disobedience rapidly finds himself surrounded by a maze of semantical problems and grammatical niceties. Like A... | Who wrote that it is difficult to produce an all inclusive definition of civil disobedience? | [
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In 1983, for the 40th anniversary of the network's founding, ID sequences had the logo appear in a gold CGI design on a blue background, accompanied by the slogan "That Special Feeling" in a script font. Ten years later, in 1993, the "ABC Circle" logo reverted to its classic white-on-black color scheme, but with gloss ... | In what year was the 40th anniversary of ABC's founding? | [
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While the existence of these central government departments and the Six Ministries (which had been introduced since the Sui and Tang dynasties) gave a Sinicized image in the Yuan administration, the actual functions of these ministries also reflected how Mongolian priorities and policies reshaped and redirected those i... | Who had military control during the Yuan? | [
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The city has two universities — Newcastle University and Northumbria University. Newcastle University has its origins in the School of Medicine and Surgery, established in 1834 and became independent from Durham University on 1 August 1963 to form the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. Newcastle University is now one o... | Which university has its origins in a school dealing with medicine and surgery? | [
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Before the return of the collections after the war, the Britain Can Make It exhibition was held between September and November 1946, attracting nearly a million and a half visitors. This was organised by the Council of Industrial Design established by the British government in 1944 "to promote by all practicable means ... | When was the Britain Can Make It exhibition held? | [
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In response to American aid to Israel, on October 16, 1973, OPEC raised the posted price of oil by 70%, to $5.11 a barrel. The following day, oil ministers agreed to the embargo, a cut in production by five percent from September's output and to continue to cut production in five percent monthly increments until their ... | How much was the emergency aid to Israel? | [
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In the mid-1960s, corruption scandals began to arise among many of the city's officials, who were mainly elected through the traditional old boy network. After a grand jury was convened to investigate, 11 officials were indicted and more were forced to resign. Jacksonville Consolidation, led by J. J. Daniel and Claude ... | How were most city officials elected in the 1960s? | [
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In 1882, Tesla began working for the Continental Edison Company in France, designing and making improvements to electrical equipment. In June 1884, he relocated to New York City:57–60 where he was hired by Thomas Edison to work at his Edison Machine Works on Manhattan's lower east side. Tesla's work for Edison began wi... | When did Tesla begin working for the Continental Edison Company? | [
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In a report, published in early February 2007 by the Ear Institute at the University College London, and Widex, a Danish hearing aid manufacturer, Newcastle was named as the noisiest city in the whole of the UK, with an average level of 80.4 decibels. The report claimed that these noise levels would have a negative lon... | What was Newcastle named as the most type of city in the UK? | [
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Denver took the opening kickoff and started out strong with Peyton Manning completing an 18-yard pass to tight end Owen Daniels and a 22-yard throw to receiver Andre Caldwell. A pair of carries by C. J. Anderson moved the ball up 20 yards to the Panthers 14-yard line, but Carolina's defense dug in over the next three p... | Who kicked a field goal for Denver? | [
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In 2014, economists with the Standard & Poor's rating agency concluded that the widening disparity between the U.S.'s wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery from the 2008-2009 recession and made it more prone to boom-and-bust cycles. To partially remedy the wealth gap and the resulting s... | When the recovery between the widening gap between the richest citizens and rest of the nation slow? | [
"2008-2009",
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Cultural imperialism is when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles, i.e. its soft power, such that it changes the moral, cultural and societal worldview of another. This is more than just "foreign" music, television or film becoming popular with young people, but that popular culture changing the... | Which historic empire used cultural imperialism to sway local elites? | [
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Along the same lines, co-NP is the class containing the complement problems (i.e. problems with the yes/no answers reversed) of NP problems. It is believed that NP is not equal to co-NP; however, it has not yet been proven. It has been shown that if these two complexity classes are not equal then P is not equal to NP. | How do the yes/no answers of a complement problem of NP appear? | [
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The service started on 1 September 1993 based on the idea from the then chief executive officer, Sam Chisholm and Rupert Murdoch, of converting the company business strategy to an entirely fee-based concept. The new package included four channels formerly available free-to-air, broadcasting on Astra's satellites, as we... | How many households had BSkyB service in 1994? | [
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Since its invention in 1269, the 'Phags-pa script, a unified script for spelling Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese languages, was preserved in the court until the end of the dynasty. Most of the Emperors could not master written Chinese, but they could generally converse well in the language. The Mongol custom of long st... | Which languages used the Phags-pa script? | [
"Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese",
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81,
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The Amazon rainforest (Portuguese: Floresta Amazônica or Amazônia; Spanish: Selva Amazónica, Amazonía or usually Amazonia; French: Forêt amazonienne; Dutch: Amazoneregenwoud), also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America. This ... | Which name is also used to describe the Amazon rainforest in English? | [
"Amazonia",
"Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle",
"also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle,"
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To further highlight the difference between a problem and an instance, consider the following instance of the decision version of the traveling salesman problem: Is there a route of at most 2000 kilometres passing through all of Germany's 15 largest cities? The quantitative answer to this particular problem instance is... | What is one example of an instance that the quantitative answer to the traveling salesman problem fails to answer? | [
"a round trip through all sites in Milan whose total length is at most 10 km",
"asking for a round trip through all sites in Milan whose total length is at most 10 km",
"round trip through all sites in Milan"
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The Panthers used the San Jose State practice facility and stayed at the San Jose Marriott. The Broncos practiced at Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott. | Which hotel did the Broncos use for Super Bowl 50? | [
"Santa Clara Marriott.",
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"the Santa Clara Marriott"
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While its radio network was undergoing reconstruction, ABC found it difficult to avoid falling behind on the new medium of television. To ensure a space, in 1947, ABC submitted five applications for television station licenses, one for each market where it owned and operated a radio station (New York City, Los Angeles,... | In what year did ABC submit licenses for 5 television stations? | [
"1947",
"1947",
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An increase in imported cars into North America forced General Motors, Ford and Chrysler to introduce smaller and fuel-efficient models for domestic sales. The Dodge Omni / Plymouth Horizon from Chrysler, the Ford Fiesta and the Chevrolet Chevette all had four-cylinder engines and room for at least four passengers by t... | Name a luxury model that became popular in the mid-1970s. | [
"Cadillac DeVille",
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"Cadillac DeVille",
"Lincoln Continental,"
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658,
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Within the Los Angeles Area are the major business districts of Downtown Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica, Downtown Glendale and Downtown Long Beach. Los Angeles itself has many business districts including the Downtown Los Angeles central business district as well as those lining the Wilshire Boulevard Miracle Mile incl... | Downtown Burbank is an example of what kind of district? | [
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There are two types of thylakoids—granal thylakoids, which are arranged in grana, and stromal thylakoids, which are in contact with the stroma. Granal thylakoids are pancake-shaped circular disks about 300–600 nanometers in diameter. Stromal thylakoids are helicoid sheets that spiral around grana. The flat tops and bot... | What distinguishes stromal thylakoids? | [
"helicoid sheets",
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"are in contact with the stroma"
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257,
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Homes from the early 20th century line this boulevard in the heart of the historic Alta Vista Tract. The section of Huntington Boulevard between First Street on the west to Cedar Avenue on the east is the home to many large, stately homes. The original development of this area began circa 1910, on 190 acres of what had... | Which company provided streetcar connections between downtown and the hospital? | [
"Fresno Traction Company",
"Fresno Traction Company",
"Fresno Traction Company"
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1331,
1331,
1331
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"5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b2",
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Other scholars argue that, even if his views were merely anti-Judaic—that is, opposed to Judaism and its adherence rather than the Jews as an ethnic group—their violence lent a new element to the standard Christian suspicion of Judaism. Ronald Berger writes that Luther is credited with "Germanizing the Christian critiq... | Who thinks that Luther added antisemitism as a cultural element to Germany? | [
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The game's media day, which was typically held on the Tuesday afternoon prior to the game, was moved to the Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night. The event was held on February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose. Alongside the traditional media availabilities, the event featured an opening ceremony ... | What day was Super Bowl 50 media day switched to? | [
"Monday",
"Monday",
"Monday"
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Oxygen was discovered independently by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, in Uppsala, in 1773 or earlier, and Joseph Priestley in Wiltshire, in 1774, but Priestley is often given priority because his work was published first. The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit ... | What researcher first used the word oxygen ? | [
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Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table and is a highly reactive nonmetal and oxidizing agent that readily forms compounds (notably oxides) with most elements. By mass, oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe, after hy... | What is the atomic number for oxygen? | [
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61
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Since ~3000 yr BP (= years Before Present), human impact is seen in the delta. As a result of increasing land clearance (Bronze Age agriculture), in the upland areas (central Germany), the sediment load of the Rhine has strongly increased and delta growth has sped up. This caused increased flooding and sedimentation, e... | When did embankment of the major Rhine distributaries take palce? | [
"11–13th century AD",
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The common pattern comes from John Wesley, who wrote that "there is no Liturgy in the world, either in ancient or modern language, which breathes more of a solid, scriptural, rational piety, than the Common Prayer of the Church of England." When the Methodists in America were separated from the Church of England, John ... | When did John Wesley provide a revised version of The Book of Common Prayer? | [
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Mortgage bankers, accountants, and cost engineers are likely participants in creating an overall plan for the financial management of the building construction project. The presence of the mortgage banker is highly likely, even in relatively small projects since the owner's equity in the property is the most obvious so... | Who are likely participants in creating an overall plan for the financial management of the building construction project? | [
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During that year, Tesla worked in Pittsburgh, helping to create an alternating current system to power the city's streetcars. He found the time there frustrating because of conflicts between him and the other Westinghouse engineers over how best to implement AC power. Between them, they settled on a 60-cycle AC current... | What was Tesla's AC system used for in Pittsburgh? | [
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In late 1886 Tesla met Alfred S. Brown, a Western Union superintendent, and New York attorney Charles F. Peck. The two men were experienced in setting up companies and promoting inventions and patents for financial gain. Based on Tesla's patents and other ideas they agreed to back him financially and handle his patents... | What was Tesla, Brown and Peck's new company? | [
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The Dalek race, which first appeared in the show's second serial in 1963, are Doctor Who's oldest villains. The Daleks are Kaleds from the planet Skaro, mutated by the scientist Davros and housed in mechanical armour shells for mobility. The actual creatures resemble octopi with large, pronounced brains. Their armour s... | What is the Daleks' main weakness? | [
"their eyestalk",
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As a result, by 1206 Temüjin had managed to unite or subdue the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Keraites, Tatars, Uyghurs, and other disparate smaller tribes under his rule. It was a monumental feat for the "Mongols" (as they became known collectively). At a Khuruldai, a council of Mongol chiefs, Temüjin was acknowledged as... | Who gave Genghis Khan the title Khadan? | [
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Newborn infants have no prior exposure to microbes and are particularly vulnerable to infection. Several layers of passive protection are provided by the mother. During pregnancy, a particular type of antibody, called IgG, is transported from mother to baby directly across the placenta, so human babies have high levels... | Antibodies transported from the mother to an infant via the placenta is an example of what type of short-lived immunity? | [
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The flora of the city may be considered very rich in species. The species richness is mainly due to the location of Warsaw within the border region of several big floral regions comprising substantial proportions of close-to-wilderness areas (natural forests, wetlands along the Vistula) as well as arable land, meadows ... | Why is Warsaw's flora very rich in species? | [
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Almost all ctenophores are predators, taking prey ranging from microscopic larvae and rotifers to the adults of small crustaceans; the exceptions are juveniles of two species, which live as parasites on the salps on which adults of their species feed. In favorable circumstances, ctenophores can eat ten times their own ... | How many species of Ctenophora have been validated? | [
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Barred by the government from settling in New France, Huguenots led by Jessé de Forest, sailed to North America in 1624 and settled instead in the Dutch colony of New Netherland (later incorporated into New York and New Jersey); as well as Great Britain's colonies, including Nova Scotia. A number of New Amsterdam's fam... | When did Huguenots colonize in North America? | [
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Other: Civil rights leader W. E. B. Du Bois; philosopher Henry David Thoreau; authors Ralph Waldo Emerson and William S. Burroughs; educators Werner Baer, Harlan Hanson; poets Wallace Stevens, T. S. Eliot and E. E. Cummings; conductor Leonard Bernstein; cellist Yo Yo Ma; pianist and composer Charlie Albright; composer ... | What famous conductor went to Harvard? | [
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The judicial branch of the EU has played an important role in the development of EU law, by assuming the task of interpreting the treaties, and accelerating economic and political integration. Today the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) is the main judicial body, within which there is a higher European Cour... | Under which courts is most EU law applied? | [
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Ersatzschulen are ordinary primary or secondary schools, which are run by private individuals, private organizations or religious groups. These schools offer the same types of diplomas as public schools. Ersatzschulen lack the freedom to operate completely outside of government regulation. Teachers at Ersatzschulen mus... | What do Germans call private schools? | [
"Ersatzschulen",
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The Black Death is thought to have originated in the arid plains of Central Asia, where it then travelled along the Silk Road, reaching Crimea by 1343. From there, it was most likely carried by Oriental rat fleas living on the black rats that were regular passengers on merchant ships. Spreading throughout the Mediterra... | How did the black death make it to the Mediterranean and Europe? | [
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Tesla was born on 10 July [O.S. 28 June] 1856 into a Serb family in the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire (modern-day Croatia). His father, Milutin Tesla, was a Serbian Orthodox priest. Tesla's mother, Đuka Tesla (née Mandić), whose father was also an Orthodox priest,:10 had a talent for making home craft tools, mech... | What was special about Tesla's memory? | [
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To help reduce consumption, in 1974 a national maximum speed limit of 55 mph (about 88 km/h) was imposed through the Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act. Development of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve began in 1975, and in 1977 the cabinet-level Department of Energy was created, followed by the National Energy Ac... | What is the speed limit set to reduce consumption? | [
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Charles Avison, the leading British composer of concertos in the 18th century, was born in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1709 and died there in 1770. Basil Hume, Archbishop of Westminster, was born in the city in 1923. Vice Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood, 1st Baron Collingwood, was born in the city. Ironmaster, metallurgist, an... | What year did Charles Avison die in Newcastle? | [
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Since its foundation, the Treaties sought to enable people to pursue their life goals in any country through free movement. Reflecting the economic nature of the project, the European Community originally focused upon free movement of workers: as a "factor of production". However, from the 1970s, this focus shifted tow... | What was free movement increasingly based on? | [
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Historically, the Methodist Church has supported the temperance movement. John Wesley warned against the dangers of drinking in his famous sermon, "The Use of Money," and in his letter to an alcoholic. At one time, Methodist ministers had to take a pledge not to drink and encouraged their congregations to do the same. ... | What does the United Methodist Church use in the sacrament of the Holy Communion? | [
"uses unfermented grape juice",
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The neighborhood features restaurants, live theater and nightclubs, as well as several independent shops and bookstores, currently operating on or near Olive Avenue, and all within a few hundred feet of each other. Since renewal, the Tower District has become an attractive area for restaurant and other local businesses... | What type of theater do the neighborhoods feature? | [
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There have also been many references to Doctor Who in popular culture and other science fiction, including Star Trek: The Next Generation ("The Neutral Zone") and Leverage. In the Channel 4 series Queer as Folk (created by later Doctor Who executive producer Russell T. Davies), the character of Vince was portrayed as a... | What character on Coupling is a Doctor Who fan? | [
"Oliver",
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The motion picture, television, and music industry is centered on the Los Angeles in southern California. Hollywood, a district within Los Angeles, is also a name associated with the motion picture industry. Headquartered in southern California are The Walt Disney Company (which also owns ABC), Sony Pictures, Universal... | Which city does the Hollywood district belong to? | [
"Los Angeles",
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Commissioners have various privileges, such as being exempt from member state taxes (but not EU taxes), and having immunity from prosecution for doing official acts. Commissioners have sometimes been found to have abused their offices, particularly since the Santer Commission was censured by Parliament in 1999, and it ... | The censuring of the Santer Commission resulted in which main case? | [
"Commission v Edith Cresson",
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Six-time Grammy winner and Academy Award nominee Lady Gaga performed the national anthem, while Academy Award winner Marlee Matlin provided American Sign Language (ASL) translation. | Who did the sign language of the National Anthem at Super Bowl 50? | [
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117,
117
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The official opening by Queen Victoria was on 22 June 1857. In the following year, late night openings were introduced, made possible by the use of gas lighting. This was to enable in the words of Cole "to ascertain practically what hours are most convenient to the working classes"—this was linked to the use of the col... | The use of gas lighting made what possible the year after the museum officially opened? | [
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There have also been many references to Doctor Who in popular culture and other science fiction, including Star Trek: The Next Generation ("The Neutral Zone") and Leverage. In the Channel 4 series Queer as Folk (created by later Doctor Who executive producer Russell T. Davies), the character of Vince was portrayed as a... | What Star Trek episode has a nod to Doctor Who? | [
"The Neutral Zone",
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"The Neutral Zone"
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Tesla was 6 feet 2 inches (1.88 m) tall and weighed 142 pounds (64 kg), with almost no weight variance from 1888 to about 1926.:292 He was an elegant, stylish figure in New York City, meticulous in his grooming, clothing, and regimented in his daily activities. | Where did he live while he was looking good? | [
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Ctenophores used to be regarded as "dead ends" in marine food chains because it was thought their low ratio of organic matter to salt and water made them a poor diet for other animals. It is also often difficult to identify the remains of ctenophores in the guts of possible predators, although the combs sometimes remai... | What do beroids typically eat? | [
"ctenophores",
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The flagship stations of each station in the markets of each team will carry their local play-by-play calls. In Denver, KOA (850 AM) and KRFX (103.5 FM) will carry the game, with Dave Logan on play-by-play and Ed McCaffrey on color commentary. In North Carolina, WBT (1110 AM) will carry the game, with Mick Mixon on pla... | Who handled play-by-play for the Denver radio market? | [
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The Swahili built Mombasa into a major port city and established trade links with other nearby city-states, as well as commercial centres in Persia, Arabia, and even India. By the 15th-century, Portuguese voyager Duarte Barbosa claimed that "Mombasa is a place of great traffic and has a good harbour in which there are ... | Who build the major port city in Kenya? | [
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A computational problem can be viewed as an infinite collection of instances together with a solution for every instance. The input string for a computational problem is referred to as a problem instance, and should not be confused with the problem itself. In computational complexity theory, a problem refers to the abs... | In computational complexity theory, what is the term given to describe the baseline abstract question needing to be solved? | [
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The Cestida ("belt animals") are ribbon-shaped planktonic animals, with the mouth and aboral organ aligned in the middle of opposite edges of the ribbon. There is a pair of comb-rows along each aboral edge, and tentilla emerging from a groove all along the oral edge, which stream back across most of the wing-like body ... | Which species are ribbon-shaped planktonic animals? | [
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Well represented in the collection is Meissen porcelain, from the first factory in Europe to discover the Chinese method of making porcelain. Among the finest examples are the Meissen Vulture from 1731 and the Möllendorff Dinner Service, designed in 1762 by Frederick II the Great. Ceramics from the Manufacture national... | Who designed the Möllendorff Dinner Service? | [
"Frederick II the Great",
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The Panthers offense, which led the NFL in scoring (500 points), was loaded with talent, boasting six Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl quarterback Cam Newton had one of his best seasons, throwing for 3,837 yards and rushing for 636, while recording a career-high and league-leading 45 total touchdowns (35 passing, 10 rushi... | How many touchdowns did Newton have in 2015? | [
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Formed in November 1990 by the equal merger of Sky Television and British Satellite Broadcasting, BSkyB became the UK's largest digital subscription television company. Following BSkyB's 2014 acquisition of Sky Italia and a majority 90.04% interest in Sky Deutschland in November 2014, its holding company British Sky Br... | What is the name of the holding company for BSkyB? | [
"British Sky Broadcasting Group plc",
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Oxygen gas (O
2) can be toxic at elevated partial pressures, leading to convulsions and other health problems.[j] Oxygen toxicity usually begins to occur at partial pressures more than 50 kilopascals (kPa), equal to about 50% oxygen composition at standard pressure or 2.5 times the normal sea-level O
2 partial pressure... | When can oxygen gas produce a toxic condition? | [
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Warsaw is located on two main geomorphologic formations: the plain moraine plateau and the Vistula Valley with its asymmetrical pattern of different terraces. The Vistula River is the specific axis of Warsaw, which divides the city into two parts, left and right. The left one is situated both on the moraine plateau (10... | What formation has an asymmetrical pattern of different terraces? | [
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Until the early 1980s, industry was a major source of water pollution. Although many plants and factories can be found along the Rhine up into Switzerland, it is along the Lower Rhine that the bulk of them are concentrated, as the river passes the major cities of Cologne, Düsseldorf and Duisburg. Duisburg is the home o... | What is Europe's largest inland port? | [
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3.18359375,
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-6.343... |
The crew of Apollo 8 sent the first live televised pictures of the Earth and the Moon back to Earth, and read from the creation story in the Book of Genesis, on Christmas Eve, 1968. An estimated one-quarter of the population of the world saw—either live or delayed—the Christmas Eve transmission during the ninth orbit o... | After an eventful and tiring year for the world during 1968, what type of ending to the year did the images from space provide? | [
"inspiring end",
"inspiring",
"inspiring",
"inspiring end",
"inspiring"
] | [
370,
370,
370,
370,
370
] | [
"5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf",
"5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf",
"5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf",
"5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf",
"5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf"
] | [
"Apollo_program",
"Apollo_program",
"Apollo_program",
"Apollo_program",
"Apollo_program"
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For many geologic applications, isotope ratios of radioactive elements are measured in minerals that give the amount of time that has passed since a rock passed through its particular closure temperature, the point at which different radiometric isotopes stop diffusing into and out of the crystal lattice. These are use... | What techniques can be used to determine paleotopography? | [
"Thermochemical",
"Thermochemical",
"Thermochemical",
"Thermochemical techniques"
] | [
830,
830,
830,
830
] | [
"57266e72f1498d1400e8df8c",
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"57266e72f1498d1400e8df8c",
"57266e72f1498d1400e8df8c"
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-4.66015625,... |
The African Great Lakes region, which Kenya is a part of, has been inhabited by humans since the Lower Paleolithic period. By the first millennium AD, the Bantu expansion had reached the area from West-Central Africa. The borders of the modern state consequently comprise the crossroads of the Niger-Congo, Nilo-Saharan ... | How long has the African Great Lakes region been inhabited? | [
"since the Lower Paleolithic period",
"Lower Paleolithic period",
"since the Lower Paleolithic period"
] | [
87,
97,
87
] | [
"5728ef8d2ca10214002daac2",
"5728ef8d2ca10214002daac2",
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"Kenya"
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Luther's hymns were included in early Lutheran hymnals and spread the ideas of the Reformation. He supplied four of eight songs of the First Lutheran hymnal Achtliederbuch, 18 of 26 songs of the Erfurt Enchiridion, and 24 of the 32 songs in the first choral hymnal with settings by Johann Walter, Eyn geystlich Gesangk B... | How many hymns did Luther contribute to the Erfurt Enchiridion? | [
"18",
"18",
"18"
] | [
173,
173,
173
] | [
"56f88025aef2371900626120",
"56f88025aef2371900626120",
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"Martin_Luther",
"Martin_Luther"
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In 1973, Nixon named William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office, a short-term organization created to coordinate the response to the embargo. Simon allocated states the same amount of domestic oil for 1974 that each had consumed in 1972, which worked for states whose populations were not i... | According to the AAA, what is the percentage of the gas stations that ran out of gasoline? | [
"20%",
"20%",
"20",
"20%",
"last week of February 1974,"
] | [
473,
473,
473,
473,
445
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"57264d9edd62a815002e8101",
"57264d9edd62a815002e8101"
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Despite waiving longtime running back DeAngelo Williams and losing top wide receiver Kelvin Benjamin to a torn ACL in the preseason, the Carolina Panthers had their best regular season in franchise history, becoming the seventh team to win at least 15 regular season games since the league expanded to a 16-game schedule... | Which team had the best regular season in their history? | [
"Carolina Panthers",
"Carolina",
"the Panthers"
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137,
330,
695
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"56d9943fdc89441400fdb576",
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Misconduct by teachers, especially sexual misconduct, has been getting increased scrutiny from the media and the courts. A study by the American Association of University Women reported that 9.6% of students in the United States claim to have received unwanted sexual attention from an adult associated with education; b... | What is the largest type of misconduct being reviewed by the media? | [
"sexual misconduct",
"sexual",
"sexual misconduct"
] | [
35,
35,
35
] | [
"56e7673a37bdd419002c3f53",
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0.2185... |
Nurses treat 80% of the population who visit dispensaries, health centres and private clinics in rural and under-served urban areas. Complicated cases are referred to clinical officers, medical officers and medical practitioners. According to the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, in 2011 there were 65,000 qualified ... | Who treats the majority of the population medically? | [
"Nurses",
"Nurses",
"Nurses"
] | [
0,
0,
0
] | [
"572924b53f37b31900478067",
"572924b53f37b31900478067",
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"Kenya",
"Kenya",
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Tesla gained experience in telephony and electrical engineering before emigrating to the United States in 1884 to work for Thomas Edison in New York City. He soon struck out on his own with financial backers, setting up laboratories and companies to develop a range of electrical devices. His patented AC induction motor... | What other inventor did he work with? | [
"Thomas Edison",
"Thomas Edison",
"Thomas Edison"
] | [
123,
123,
123
] | [
"56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c2",
"56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c2",
"56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c2"
] | [
"Nikola_Tesla",
"Nikola_Tesla",
"Nikola_Tesla"
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The first historical reference to Warsaw dates back to the year 1313, at a time when Kraków served as the Polish capital city. Due to its central location between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth's capitals of Kraków and Vilnius, Warsaw became the capital of the Commonwealth and of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland ... | Why did Warsaw gain the title of the "Phoenix City"? | [
"it has survived many wars, conflicts and invasions",
"because it has survived many wars, conflicts and invasions throughout its long history",
"survived many wars, conflicts and invasions"
] | [
1243,
1235,
1250
] | [
"5733140a4776f419006606e4",
"5733140a4776f419006606e4",
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"Warsaw",
"Warsaw"
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Jacksonville, like most large cities in the United States, suffered from negative effects of rapid urban sprawl after World War II. The construction of highways led residents to move to newer housing in the suburbs. After World War II, the government of the city of Jacksonville began to increase spending to fund new pu... | What drove residents to quieter suburban housing? | [
"construction of highways",
"The construction of highways",
"highways"
] | [
136,
132,
152
] | [
"57281ab63acd2414000df493",
"57281ab63acd2414000df493",
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] | [
"Jacksonville,_Florida",
"Jacksonville,_Florida",
"Jacksonville,_Florida"
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