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1 | Evolution of TRP channels inferred by their classification in diverse animal species.
The functions of TRP channels have primarily been characterized in model organisms within a limited evolutionary context. We thus characterize the TRP channels in choanoflagellate, sponge, Cnidaria, Lophotrochozoa, and arthropods to u... | 24,981,559 |
1 | Opposite effect of capsaicin and capsazepine on behavioral thermoregulation in insects.
Transient receptor potential channels are implicated in thermosensation both in mammals and insects. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of mammalian vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (TRPV1) agonist (capsaicin) and antagonist ... | 21,667,066 |
1 | Nociceptive Pathway in the Cockroach Periplaneta americana.
Detecting and avoiding environmental threats such as those with a potential for injury is of crucial importance for an animal's survival. In this work, we examine the nociceptive pathway in an insect, the cockroach Periplaneta americana, from detection of noxi... | 31,496,959 |
1 | Effect of Capsaicin and Other Thermo-TRP Agonists on Thermoregulatory Processes in the American Cockroach.
Capsaicin is known to activate heat receptor TRPV1 and induce changes in thermoregulatory processes of mammals. However, the mechanism by which capsaicin induces thermoregulatory responses in invertebrates is unkn... | 30,567,399 |
1 | The roles of thermal transient receptor potential channels in thermotactic behavior and in thermal acclimation in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum.
To survive in variable or fluctuating temperature, organisms should show appropriate behavioral and physiological responses which must be mediated through properly... | 25,813,190 |
1 | Tiling of the body wall by multidendritic sensory neurons in Manduca sexta.
A plexus of multidendritic sensory neurons, the dendritic arborization (da) neurons, innervates the epidermis of soft-bodied insects. Previous studies have indicated that the plexus may comprise distinct subtypes of da neurons, which utilize di... | 11,745,623 |
1 | Nociceptive neurons respond to multimodal stimuli in Manduca sexta.
The caterpillar Manduca sexta produces a highly stereotyped strike behavior in response to noxious thermal or mechanical stimuli to the abdomen. This rapid movement is targeted to the site of the stimulus, but the identity of the nociceptive sensory ne... | 31,932,302 |
1 | Nociceptive neurons protect Drosophila larvae from parasitoid wasps.
BACKGROUND: Natural selection has resulted in a complex and fascinating repertoire of innate behaviors that are produced by insects. One puzzling example occurs in fruit fly larvae that have been subjected to a noxious mechanical or thermal sensory in... | 18,060,782 |
1 | Thermal nociception in adult Drosophila: behavioral characterization and the role of the painless gene.
Nociception, warning of injury that should be avoided, serves an important protective function in animals. In this study, we show that adult Drosophila avoids noxious heat by a jump response. To quantitatively analyz... | 17,081,265 |
1 | Drosophila NOMPC is a mechanotransduction channel subunit for gentle-touch sensation.
Touch sensation is essential for behaviours ranging from environmental exploration to social interaction; however, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. In Drosophila larvae, two types of sensory neurons, class III and class ... | 23,222,543 |
1 | An assay for chemical nociception in Drosophila larvae.
Chemically induced nociception has not yet been studied intensively in genetically tractable models. Hence, our goal was to establish a Drosophila assay that can be used to study the cellular and molecular/genetic bases of chemically induced nociception. Drosophil... | 31,544,619 |
1 | painless, a Drosophila gene essential for nociception.
We describe a paradigm for nociception in Drosophila. In response to the touch of a probe heated above 38 degrees C, Drosophila larvae produce a stereotypical rolling behavior, unlike the response to an unheated probe. In a genetic screen for mutants defective in t... | 12,705,873 |
1 | Pickpocket is a DEG/ENaC protein required for mechanical nociception in Drosophila larvae.
Highly branched class IV multidendritic sensory neurons of the Drosophila larva function as polymodal nociceptors that are necessary for behavioral responses to noxious heat (>39 degrees C) or noxious mechanical (>30 mN) stimuli.... | 20,171,104 |
1 | Multidendritic sensory neurons in the adult Drosophila abdomen: origins, dendritic morphology, and segment- and age-dependent programmed cell death.
BACKGROUND: For the establishment of functional neural circuits that support a wide range of animal behaviors, initial circuits formed in early development have to be reor... | 19,799,768 |
1 | The role of Drosophila Piezo in mechanical nociception.
Transduction of mechanical stimuli by receptor cells is essential for senses such as hearing, touch and pain. Ion channels have a role in neuronal mechanotransduction in invertebrates; however, functional conservation of these ion channels in mammalian mechanotran... | 22,343,891 |
1 | Response of Drosophila to wasabi is mediated by painless, the fly homolog of mammalian TRPA1/ANKTM1.
A number of repellent compounds produced by plants elicit a spicy or pungent sensation in mammals . In several cases, this has been found to occur through activation of ion channels in the transient receptor potential (... | 16,647,259 |
1 | HsTRPA of the Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta, Functions as a Nocisensor and Uncovers the Evolutionary Plasticity of HsTRPA Channels.
Solenopsis invicta, the red imported fire ant, represents one of the most devastating invasive species. To understand their sensory physiology, we identified and characterized ... | 29,445,768 |
1 | A TRPA1 channel that senses thermal stimulus and irritating chemicals in Helicoverpa armigera.
Sensing and responding to changes in the external environment is important for insect survival. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are crucial for various sensory modalities including olfaction, vision, hearing, ther... | 25,827,167 |
1 | Insights into the genomic evolution of insects from cricket genomes.
Most of our knowledge of insect genomes comes from Holometabolous species, which undergo complete metamorphosis and have genomes typically under 2 Gb with little signs of DNA methylation. In contrast, Hemimetabolous insects undergo the presumed ancest... | 34,127,782 |
1 | A genome-wide Drosophila screen for heat nociception identifies alpha2delta3 as an evolutionarily conserved pain gene.
Worldwide, acute, and chronic pain affects 20% of the adult population and represents an enormous financial and emotional burden. Using genome-wide neuronal-specific RNAi knockdown in Drosophila, we re... | 21,074,052 |
1 | Evolutionary conservation and changes in insect TRP channels.
BACKGROUND: TRP (Transient Receptor Potential) channels respond to diverse stimuli and thus function as the primary integrators of varied sensory information. They are also activated by various compounds and secondary messengers to mediate cell-cell interact... | 19,740,447 |
1 | Honey bee thermal/chemical sensor, AmHsTRPA, reveals neofunctionalization and loss of transient receptor potential channel genes.
Insects are relatively small heterothermic animals, thus they are highly susceptible to changes in ambient temperature. However, a group of honey bees is able to maintain the brood nest temp... | 20,844,118 |
1 | The TRP Channels Pkd2, NompC, and Trpm Act in Cold-Sensing Neurons to Mediate Unique Aversive Behaviors to Noxious Cold in Drosophila.
The basic mechanisms underlying noxious cold perception are not well understood. We developed Drosophila assays for noxious cold responses. Larvae respond to near-freezing temperatures ... | 27,818,173 |
1 | Development and organization of a nitric-oxide-sensitive peripheral neural plexus in larvae of the moth, Manduca sexta.
Each hemisegment of the Manduca sexta larva is supplied with a subepidermal plexus of approximately 350 multidendritic neurons. An initial set of neurons, the primary plexus neurons, arise at 35-45% o... | 9,886,030 |
1 | Altered heat nociception in cockroach Periplaneta americana L. exposed to capsaicin.
Some natural alkaloids, e.g. capsaicin and camphor, are known to induce a desensitization state, causing insensitivity to pain or noxious temperatures in mammals by acting on TRP receptors. Our research, for the first time, demonstrate... | 29,518,142 |
1 | Ripped pocket and pickpocket, novel Drosophila DEG/ENaC subunits expressed in early development and in mechanosensory neurons.
Drosophila melanogaster has proven to be a good model for understanding the physiology of ion channels. We identified two novel Drosophila DEG/ ENaC proteins, Pickpocket (PPK) and Ripped Pocket... | 9,425,162 |
1 | Enhanced locomotion caused by loss of the Drosophila DEG/ENaC protein Pickpocket1.
Coordination of rhythmic locomotion depends upon a precisely balanced interplay between central and peripheral control mechanisms. Although poorly understood, peripheral proprioceptive mechanosensory input is thought to provide informati... | 12,956,960 |
1 | Drosophila painless is a Ca2+-requiring channel activated by noxious heat.
Thermal changes activate some members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel super family. They are primary sensors for detecting environmental temperatures. The Drosophila TRP channel Painless is believed responsible for avoidanc... | 18,829,951 |
1 | Analysis of Drosophila TRPA1 reveals an ancient origin for human chemical nociception.
Chemical nociception, the detection of tissue-damaging chemicals, is important for animal survival and causes human pain and inflammation, but its evolutionary origins are largely unknown. Reactive electrophiles are a class of noxiou... | 20,237,474 |
1 | Identification, Characterization and Expression Analysis of TRP Channel Genes in the Vegetable Pest, Pieris rapae.
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are critical for insects to detect environmental stimuli and regulate homeostasis. Moreover, this superfamily has become potential molecular targets for insectic... | 32,197,450 |
1 | Heat Perception and Aversive Learning in Honey Bees: Putative Involvement of the Thermal/Chemical Sensor AmHsTRPA.
The recent development of the olfactory conditioning of the sting extension response (SER) has provided new insights into the mechanisms of aversive learning in honeybees. Until now, very little informatio... | 26,635,613 |
0 | How commensal microbes shape the physiology of Drosophila melanogaster.
The interactions between animals and their commensal microbes profoundly influence the host's physiology. In the last decade, Drosophila melanogaster has been extensively used as a model to study host-commensal microbes interactions. Here, we revie... | 32,836,177 |
0 | Molecular genetics of Drosophila vision.
The fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster, is an excellent organism for dissecting the components of vision genetically. Many mutations have been generated that affect a diversity of processes important in vision. Through a combined application of molecular and genetic approaches ma... | 2,511,836 |
0 | Aegilips chilensis (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae: Anacharitinae): Redescription and Biogeographic Considerations.
Aegilips chilensis Brethes, 1918 is redescribed and illustrated. Aegilips chilensis is considered an endemic species of the Andean region, characterized for having anteroposterior cephalic processes, ... | 30,924,050 |
0 | Orchidophaga gastrodiacola Kato, 2006, is Chyliza vittata Meigen, 1826 (Diptera: Psilidae): discussion on its taxonomy and biology.
Morphological features of a Japanese fly that developes in orchids, Orchidophaga gastrodiacola Kato, 2006, assigned to the family Scathophagidae, are reviewed and this species is proposed ... | 26,120,718 |
0 | Gryllus bimaculatus extract ameliorates high-fat diet-induced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia by inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis through AMPK activation.
Insect-based food is increasingly used and is a sustainable protein source provided by eco-friendly breeding respecting the animal welfare. The cricket Gryllus bimacu... | 35,992,315 |
0 | Temperature and the Ventilatory Response to Hypoxia in Gromphadorhina portentosa (Blattodea: Blaberidae).
In general, insects respond to hypoxia by increasing ventilation frequency, as seen in most other animals. Higher body temperatures usually also increase ventilation rates, likely due to increases in metabolic rate... | 26,721,296 |
0 | Parasites and RNA viruses in wild and laboratory reared bumble bees Bombus pauloensis (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Uruguay.
Bumble bees (Bombus spp.) are important pollinators insects involved in the maintenance of natural ecosystems and food production. Bombus pauloensis is a widely distributed species in South America,... | 33,901,226 |
0 | Consequences of chronic bacterial infection in Drosophila melanogaster.
Even when successfully surviving an infection, a host often fails to eliminate a pathogen completely and may sustain substantial pathogen burden for the remainder of its life. Using systemic bacterial infection in Drosophila melanogaster, we charac... | 31,648,237 |
0 | Description of a new species of Neorhinotora Lopes, 1934 (Diptera: Heleomyzidae) from Central America.
A new species of Neorhinotora Lopes, 1934 (Diptera, Heleomyzidae) is described: Neorhinotora elsalvadorensis sp. nov., from El Salvador, Central America, with illustrations of external and internal morphological chara... | 34,186,912 |
0 | [Ethological-physiological effects of hypoxia on the honeybee Apis mellifera L].
Information on the effect of hypoxia on the behavior and physiological state of the honeybee was compiled and systematized. It was shown that, in the course of colonization of temperate and cold climate zones by the honeybee, natural selec... | 26,021,162 |
0 | Organophosphorus insecticides in honey, pollen and bees (Apis mellifera L.) and their potential hazard to bee colonies in Egypt.
There is no clear single factor to date that explains colony loss in bees, but one factor proposed is the wide-spread application of agrochemicals. Concentrations of 14 organophosphorous inse... | 25,574,845 |
0 | The morphology of the eggs of three species of Zoraptera (Insecta).
The egg structure of Zorotypus magnicaudelli, Zorotypus hubbardi and Zorotypus impolitus was examined and described in detail. Major characteristics of zorapteran eggs previously reported were confirmed in these species, with the partial exception of Z... | 26,431,636 |
0 | The three-dimensional structure and recognition mechanism of Manduca sexta peptidoglycan recognition protein-1.
Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) recognize bacteria through their unique cell wall constituent, peptidoglycans (PGs). PGRPs are conserved from insects to mammals and all function in antibacterial de... | 30,905,759 |
0 | Taxonomic and numerical resolutions of nepomorpha (insecta: heteroptera) in cerrado streams.
Transformations of natural landscapes and their biodiversity have become increasingly dramatic and intense, creating a demand for rapid and inexpensive methods to assess and monitor ecosystems, especially the most vulnerable on... | 25,083,770 |
0 | The ant genus Polyrhachis F. Smith in sub-Saharan Africa, with descriptions of ten new species. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).
Ten new sub-Saharan species of the ant genus Polyrhachis are described: P. gibbula n. sp. and P. omissa n. sp. belonging in the viscosa-group; P. brevipilosa n. sp., P. dubia n. sp., P. longiseta n... | 27,394,324 |
0 | Molecular mechanisms underlying sex pheromone production in the silkmoth, Bombyx mori: characterization of the molecular components involved in bombykol biosynthesis.
Many species of female moths produce sex pheromones to attract conspecific males. To date, sex pheromones from more than 570 moth species have been chemi... | 17,448,494 |
0 | Costs of memory: lessons from 'mini' brains.
Variation in learning and memory abilities among closely related species, or even among populations of the same species, has opened research into the relationship between cognition, ecological context and the fitness costs, and benefits of learning and memory. Such research ... | 21,177,679 |
0 | Deep Sequencing Uncovers Caste-Associated Diversity of Symbionts in the Social Ant Camponotus japonicus.
Symbiotic microorganisms can have a profound impact on the host physiology and behavior, and novel relationships between symbionts and their hosts are continually discovered. A colony of social ants consists of vari... | 32,317,320 |
0 | Isolation of ferritin and its interaction with BmNPV in the silkworm, Bombyx mori.
Ferritin is a ubiquitous iron storage protein that plays an important role in host defence against pathogen infections. In the present study, native ferritin was isolated from the hemolymph of Bombyx mori using native-polyacrylamide gel ... | 29,793,044 |
0 | Heterologous expression and characterization of two chitinase 5 enzymes from the migratory locust Locusta migratoria.
Insect chitinases are involved in degradation of chitin from the exoskeleton or peritrophic metrix of midgut. In Locusta migratoria, two duplicated Cht5s (LmCht5-1 and LmCht5-2) have been shown to have ... | 26,792,119 |
0 | The bee Ruizanthedella mutabilis Spinola (Hymenoptera: Halictidae): a very common but poorly known species studied using integrative taxonomy.
Ruizanthedella mutabilis (Spinola) is a very abundant species in Chile and the northwest of Argentinean Patagonia. In this contribution, Halictus nigrocaeruleus Spinola 1851 is ... | 31,716,562 |
0 | External control of the Drosophila melanogaster lifespan by combination of 3D oscillating low-frequency electric and magnetic fields.
We demonstrate that the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster population is controllable by a combination of external three-dimensional oscillating low-frequency electric and magnetic fiel... | 23,977,947 |
0 | N-containing compounds from Periplaneta americana and their activities against wound healing.
Three new compounds, periplanamides A (1) and B (2), periplanpyrazine A (3), a new naturally occurring compound salicyluric acid methyl ester (6), and seventeen known compounds were isolated from the medicinal insect Periplane... | 29,595,067 |
0 | Molecular and functional analysis of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine Pyrophosphorylases from the Migratory Locust, Locusta migratoria.
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylases (UAP) function in the formation of extracellular matrix by producing N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues needed for chitin biosynthesis and protein ... | 23,977,188 |
0 | The Circadian Clock of the Ant Camponotus floridanus Is Localized in Dorsal and Lateral Neurons of the Brain.
The circadian clock of social insects has become a focal point of interest for research, as social insects show complex forms of timed behavior and organization within their colonies. These behaviors include br... | 29,589,522 |
0 | Insect wings: the world's smallest, smartest aerofoils.
Insect wings are extraordinary examples of small-scale biological engineering: smart, flexible aerofoils with virtually no parallels in technology--so far. This may well be about to change. Engineers are becoming increasingly aware of, and interested in, the remar... | 12,097,710 |
0 | New Cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattodea) from French Guiana and a Revised Checklist for the Region.
Although French Guiana is one of the greatest hotspots of cockroach biodiversity on Earth, there are still undocumented species. From both newly collected and museum specimens, we provide species descriptions for Bubobla... | 30,891,709 |
0 | New World species of Asymphyloptera Collin (Diptera: Empididae: Clinocerinae).
Eight species are recognized among New World species of Asymphyloptera Collin, including seven new species (A. cajanuma sp. nov. (Ecuador), A. chilensis sp. nov. (Chile), A. chiricahua sp. nov. (USA: Arizona), A. dominica sp. nov. (Dominica)... | 26,624,767 |
0 | Proteomic analysis of the venom of the predatory ant Pachycondyla striata (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).
The ants use their venom for predation, defense, and communication. The venom of these insects is rich in peptides and proteins, and compared with other animal venoms, ant venoms remain poorly explored. The objective of... | 29,024,043 |
0 | Neuropeptidomes of Tenebrio molitor L. and Zophobas atratus Fab. (Coleoptera, Polyphaga: Tenebrionidae).
Neuropeptides are signaling molecules that regulate almost all physiological processes in animals. Around 50 different genes for neuropeptides have been described in insects. In Coleoptera, which is the largest inse... | 36,107,737 |
0 | Efficacy of entomopathogenic hypocrealean fungi against Periplaneta americana.
The American cockroach Periplaneta americana, one of the worlds' most important urban insect pests was tested with entomopathogenic fungi. Most promising Metarhizium anisopliae, Metarhizium robertsii and Beauveria bassiana killed nymphs (>= ... | 23,899,866 |
1 | Subdivisions of hymenopteran mushroom body calyces by their afferent supply.
The mushroom bodies are regions in the insect brain involved in processing complex multimodal information. They are composed of many parallel sets of intrinsic neurons that receive input from and transfer output to extrinsic neurons that conne... | 11,406,827 |
1 | Ground plan of the insect mushroom body: functional and evolutionary implications.
In most insects with olfactory glomeruli, each side of the brain possesses a mushroom body equipped with calyces supplied by olfactory projection neurons. Kenyon cells providing dendrites to the calyces supply a pedunculus and lobes divi... | 19,152,379 |
1 | Multimodal efferent and recurrent neurons in the medial lobes of cockroach mushroom bodies.
Previous electrophysiological studies of cockroach mushroom bodies demonstrated the sensitivity of efferent neurons to multimodal stimuli. The present account describes the morphology and physiology of several types of efferent ... | 10,376,745 |
1 | What insects can tell us about the origins of consciousness.
How, why, and when consciousness evolved remain hotly debated topics. Addressing these issues requires considering the distribution of consciousness across the animal phylogenetic tree. Here we propose that at least one invertebrate clade, the insects, has a ... | 27,091,981 |
1 | Evolution of complex higher brain centers and behaviors: behavioral correlates of mushroom body elaboration in insects.
Large, complex higher brain centers have evolved many times independently within the vertebrates, but the selective pressures driving these acquisitions have been difficult to pinpoint. It is well est... | 23,979,452 |
1 | The neurobiology of insect olfaction: sensory processing in a comparative context.
The simplicity and accessibility of the olfactory systems of insects underlie a body of research essential to understanding not only olfactory function but also general principles of sensory processing. As insect olfactory neurobiology t... | 21,963,552 |
1 | Tritocerebral tract input to the insect mushroom bodies.
Insect mushroom bodies, best known for their role in olfactory processing, also receive sensory input from other modalities. In crickets and grasshoppers, a tritocerebral tract containing afferents from palp mechanosensory and gustatory centers innervates the acc... | 18,590,832 |
1 | Organization and functional roles of the central complex in the insect brain.
The central complex is a group of modular neuropils across the midline of the insect brain. Hallmarks of its anatomical organization are discrete layers, an organization into arrays of 16 slices along the right-left axis, and precise inter-he... | 24,160,424 |
1 | Functional analysis of a higher olfactory center, the lateral horn.
The lateral horn (LH) of the insect brain is thought to play several important roles in olfaction, including maintaining the sparseness of responses to odors by means of feedforward inhibition, and encoding preferences for innately meaningful odors. Ye... | 22,699,895 |
1 | Development and evolution of the insect mushroom bodies: towards the understanding of conserved developmental mechanisms in a higher brain center.
The insect mushroom bodies are prominent higher order neuropils consisting of thousands of approximately parallel projecting intrinsic neurons arising from the minute basoph... | 18,088,997 |
1 | Modality-specific segregation of input to ant mushroom bodies.
The mushroom bodies are central brain neuropils involved in the control of complex behavior. In ants, the mushroom bodies are relatively large compared to those of honey bees, whereas the optic lobes of ants are considerably smaller. The general morphology ... | 10,529,521 |
1 | Multimodal interactions in insect navigation.
Animals travelling through the world receive input from multiple sensory modalities that could be important for the guidance of their journeys. Given the availability of a rich array of cues, from idiothetic information to input from sky compasses and visual information thr... | 32,323,027 |
1 | Multimodal Information Processing and Associative Learning in the Insect Brain.
The study of sensory systems in insects has a long-spanning history of almost an entire century. Olfaction, vision, and gustation are thoroughly researched in several robust insect models and new discoveries are made every day on the more e... | 35,447,774 |
1 | Development of laminar organization in the mushroom bodies of the cockroach: Kenyon cell proliferation, outgrowth, and maturation.
The mushroom bodies of the insect brain are lobed integration centers made up of tens of thousands of parallel-projecting axons of intrinsic (Kenyon) cells. Most of the axons in the medial ... | 11,596,058 |
1 | Integrative properties of the Pe1 neuron, a unique mushroom body output neuron.
A mushroom body extrinsic neuron, the Pe1 neuron, connects the peduncle of the mushroom body (MB) with two areas of the protocerebrum in the honeybee brain, the lateral protocerebral lobe (LPL) and the ring neuropil around the alpha-lobe. E... | 10,454,378 |
1 | Organization of olfactory and multimodal afferent neurons supplying the calyx and pedunculus of the cockroach mushroom bodies.
The mushroom bodies of neopteran insects are considered to be higher olfactory centers because their calyces receive abundant collaterals of projection neurons from the antennal lobes. However,... | 10,376,743 |
1 | Visual and olfactory input segregation in the mushroom body calyces in a basal neopteran, the American cockroach.
The cockroach Periplaneta americana is an evolutionary basal neopteran insect, equipped with one of the largest and most elaborate mushroom bodies among insects. Using intracellular recording and staining i... | 22,001,372 |
1 | Morphology and sensory modality of mushroom body extrinsic neurons in the brain of the cockroach, Periplaneta americana.
Mushroom bodies are paired centers in insect brains that are thought to be crucial in olfactory learning and memory. Early neuroanatomical descriptions suggested that the mushroom bodies comprise rat... | 9,373,016 |
1 | Widespread sensitivity to looming stimuli and small moving objects in the central complex of an insect brain.
In many situations animals are confronted with approaching objects. Depending on whether the approach represents a potential threat or is intended during a goal-oriented approach, the adequate behavioral strate... | 23,658,153 |
1 | Neurons of the central complex of the locust Schistocerca gregaria are sensitive to polarized light.
The central complex is a topographically ordered neuropil structure in the center of the insect brain. It consists of three major subdivisions, the upper and lower divisions of the central body and the protocerebral bri... | 11,826,140 |
1 | The wiring diagram of a glomerular olfactory system.
The sense of smell enables animals to react to long-distance cues according to learned and innate valences. Here, we have mapped with electron microscopy the complete wiring diagram of the Drosophila larval antennal lobe, an olfactory neuropil similar to the vertebra... | 27,177,418 |
1 | The connectome of the adult Drosophila mushroom body provides insights into function.
Making inferences about the computations performed by neuronal circuits from synapse-level connectivity maps is an emerging opportunity in neuroscience. The mushroom body (MB) is well positioned for developing and testing such an appr... | 33,315,010 |
1 | Neuroarchitecture and neuroanatomy of the Drosophila central complex: A GAL4-based dissection of protocerebral bridge neurons and circuits.
Insects exhibit an elaborate repertoire of behaviors in response to environmental stimuli. The central complex plays a key role in combining various modalities of sensory informati... | 25,380,328 |
1 | How does the insect central complex use mushroom body output for steering?
Research on central brain areas in Drosophila and other insects is revealing the highly conserved neural circuitries in the central complex that are responsible for course control using visual, ideothetic and compass cues [1,2], and in the mushr... | 29,990,452 |
1 | Neurogenetic dissection of the Drosophila lateral horn reveals major outputs, diverse behavioural functions, and interactions with the mushroom body.
Animals exhibit innate behaviours to a variety of sensory stimuli including olfactory cues. In Drosophila, one higher olfactory centre, the lateral horn (LH), is implicat... | 31,112,130 |
1 | Complete Connectomic Reconstruction of Olfactory Projection Neurons in the Fly Brain.
Nervous systems contain sensory neurons, local neurons, projection neurons, and motor neurons. To understand how these building blocks form whole circuits, we must distil these broad classes into neuronal cell types and describe their... | 32,619,485 |
1 | Functional and anatomical specificity in a higher olfactory centre.
Most sensory systems are organized into parallel neuronal pathways that process distinct aspects of incoming stimuli. In the insect olfactory system, second order projection neurons target both the mushroom body, required for learning, and the lateral ... | 31,112,127 |
1 | The central complex of the flesh fly, Neobellieria bullata: recordings and morphologies of protocerebral inputs and small-field neurons.
The central complex in the brains of insects is a series of midline neuropils involved in motor control, sensory integration, and associative learning. To understand better the role o... | 22,528,883 |
1 | Parallel Processing of Olfactory and Mechanosensory Information in the Honey Bee Antennal Lobe.
In insects, neuronal responses to clean air have so far been reported only episodically in moths. Here we present results obtained by fast two-photon calcium imaging in the honey bee Apis mellifera, indicating a substantial ... | 34,950,059 |
1 | Representation of the calyces in the medial and vertical lobes of cockroach mushroom bodies.
Previous studies of honey bee and cockroach mushroom bodies have proposed that afferent terminals and intrinsic neurons (Kenyon cells) in the calyces are arranged according to polar coordinates. It has been suggested that there... | 10,376,744 |
1 | Multimodal integration and stimulus categorization in putative mushroom body output neurons of the honeybee.
Flowers attract pollinating insects like honeybees by sophisticated compositions of olfactory and visual cues. Using honeybees as a model to study olfactory-visual integration at the neuronal level, we focused o... | 29,515,886 |
1 | Different Roles for Honey Bee Mushroom Bodies and Central Complex in Visual Learning of Colored Lights in an Aversive Conditioning Assay.
The honey bee is an excellent visual learner, but we know little about how and why it performs so well, or how visual information is learned by the bee brain. Here we examined the di... | 28,611,605 |
1 | Bumble bees display cross-modal object recognition between visual and tactile senses.
Many animals can associate object shapes with incentives. However, such behavior is possible without storing images of shapes in memory that are accessible to more than one sensory modality. One way to explore whether there are modali... | 32,079,771 |
1 | Structural, functional and developmental convergence of the insect mushroom bodies with higher brain centers of vertebrates.
Convergence of higher processing centers has been proposed for insects and vertebrates, but the extent of these similarities remains controversial. The present study demonstrates that one higher ... | 18,560,208 |
1 | Multi-unit recording of antennal mechano-sensitive units in the central complex of the cockroach, Blaberus discoidalis.
The central complex (CC) is a group of midline neuropils in the protocerebrum of all insects (Williams, J Zool, 176:67-86, 1975; Strausfeld, Prog Brain Res, 123:273-284, 1999). Its columnar organizati... | 18,180,927 |
1 | Multimodal Integration Across Spatiotemporal Scales to Guide Invertebrate Locomotion.
Locomotion is a hallmark of organisms which has enabled adaptive radiation to an extraordinarily diverse class of ecological niches, and allows animals to move across vast distances. Sampling from multiple sensory modalities enables a... | 34,009,312 |
1 | Convergence of multimodal sensory pathways to the mushroom body calyx in Drosophila melanogaster.
Detailed structural analyses of the mushroom body which plays critical roles in olfactory learning and memory revealed that it is directly connected with multiple primary sensory centers in Drosophila. Connectivity pattern... | 27,404,960 |
1 | Segregation of visual input to the mushroom bodies in the honeybee (Apis mellifera).
Insect mushroom bodies are brain regions that receive multisensory input and are thought to play an important role in learning and memory. In most neopteran insects, the mushroom bodies receive direct olfactory input. In addition, the ... | 12,210,130 |
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