question
stringlengths
37
38.8k
group_id
stringlengths
2
6
sentence_embeddings
listlengths
768
768
<p>A molecule consists of two atoms whose centers are located at $\mathbf{r}_1$ and $\mathbf{r}_2$ respectively. The atoms are connected by a bond that can be approximated by a harmonic spring, so that its energy as a function of the separation between the atoms $\mathbf{r}=\mathbf{r}_1-\mathbf{r}_2$ is $$U(r) = (akTr^2)/2$$</p> <p>Assuming that the molecule lives in one dimensions, what will be the overdamped <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langevin_equation" rel="nofollow">Langevin equation</a>(s) for the motion of the molecule?</p>
g4551
[ -0.016309421509504318, -0.003920344635844231, -0.023572593927383423, -0.039882250130176544, -0.004695965442806482, -0.04747225344181061, 0.029477840289473534, 0.005701916292309761, -0.01461838185787201, -0.018434986472129822, -0.02909044176340103, -0.012525692582130432, -0.0388580858707428, -0.07632242143154144, 0.021019302308559418, -0.04376125708222389, -0.03280464932322502, 0.01752714440226555, 0.01184193603694439, -0.04585566744208336, -0.019101349636912346, -0.013092460110783577, 0.005364106502383947, -0.04119914025068283, -0.0025713902432471514, -0.01673860289156437, -0.0007564100669696927, -0.035269465297460556, -0.11841987073421478, -0.01681523025035858, -0.02850411646068096, 0.012369035743176937, 0.04932861030101776, -0.040056876838207245, -0.030781524255871773, 0.027394914999604225, 0.041489120572805405, 0.0033557957503944635, 0.025168390944600105, -0.024591119959950447, -0.014777361415326595, -0.04952767863869667, 0.0406339131295681, 0.0016015605069696903, 0.05234324559569359, -0.011089247651398182, 0.022941051051020622, 0.021074466407299042, 0.011636819690465927, 0.020146705210208893, 0.007870111614465714, 0.04546534642577171, 0.0025263961870223284, 0.018193230032920837, -0.008632590994238853, 0.008415247313678265, -0.0013223475543782115, -0.017653224989771843, 0.06719446927309036, -0.0023186728358268738, 0.023436609655618668, -0.005489209201186895, -0.05105320364236832, -0.0032805728260427713, 0.013265776447951794, -0.011994091793894768, -0.05582723021507263, -0.03821248561143875, 0.05996940657496452, -0.11331377178430557, -0.015529362484812737, 0.015358299016952515, -0.04841732233762741, 0.025939442217350006, -0.026969151571393013, 0.01845746673643589, 0.0003648226847872138, -0.02285253256559372, -0.03167209401726723, -0.013001677580177784, -0.030097810551524162, 0.05599556490778923, 0.0027853860519826412, 0.007273260969668627, 0.07392209023237228, 0.0276512298732996, 0.06226116418838501, 0.030850714072585106, -0.0369952917098999, 0.0011064542923122644, 0.02460869774222374, -0.027227357029914856, 0.014686960726976395, -0.04518149793148041, 0.01606476679444313, -0.047893330454826355, -0.038481198251247406, 0.011403477750718594, 0.015869401395320892, -0.03161587938666344, -0.035719506442546844, 0.03969377651810646, -0.012008334510028362, -0.029749704524874687, 0.051313210278749466, 0.008639544248580933, -0.01975901983678341, -0.00867706909775734, -0.07074937224388123, 0.030936433002352715, -0.0019764185417443514, 0.01233645435422659, 0.011111853644251823, -0.02254619263112545, 0.01870998740196228, -0.053357452154159546, 0.043708283454179764, -0.02210792526602745, -0.011223851703107357, 0.02437477745115757, -0.01343295443803072, 0.08525297790765762, 0.06445232033729553, 0.02516026981174946, -0.03265095502138138, 0.02363843098282814, 0.010148679837584496, 0.008730931207537651, -0.00843960139900446, 0.019493917003273964, 0.001959816552698612, -0.05650988966226578, 0.05024105682969093, 0.005605942104011774, 0.008206646889448166, 0.055783916264772415, -0.02781340852379799, 0.04920900985598564, -0.06306605786085129, 0.051105670630931854, 0.032047443091869354, -0.051661260426044464, 0.026353470981121063, -0.03356492519378662, -0.10039357841014862, 0.03001735545694828, 0.04323400557041168, -0.02180749922990799, 0.030238837003707886, -0.024898169562220573, -0.02158546820282936, 0.01287473551928997, -0.03358655050396919, -0.00954637210816145, 0.030481943860650063, -0.0024406483862549067, -0.009834691882133484, 0.05220947414636612, 0.0011118402471765876, -0.03393546864390373, -0.013440691865980625, 0.02926545776426792, 0.022037550806999207, -0.00916850846260786, -0.04058297723531723, -0.038552265614271164, 0.03162765130400658, -0.0369144082069397, -0.021718084812164307, 0.0032923235557973385, -0.016169393435120583, -0.06650412827730179, -0.03931092843413353, 0.04379880055785179, 0.009546445682644844, 0.04085012897849083, 0.0006534772692248225, -0.0058624958619475365, -0.009791521355509758, 0.042222507297992706, 0.031110471114516258, 0.017738645896315575, 0.02706802822649479, 0.0010076953331008554, 0.024419518187642097, 0.05202553793787956, -0.013304986990988255, 0.0319671668112278, -0.04685256630182266, -0.002279980108141899, 0.0028791846707463264, 0.012414154596626759, 0.022100679576396942, 0.003572101704776287, -0.044594623148441315, 0.020764438435435295, 0.040232934057712555, -0.028153633698821068, 0.004464772995561361, 0.03268260136246681, 0.006937515921890736, 0.0029984270222485065, 0.05398918315768242, 0.035513728857040405, 0.07728399336338043, 0.016241034492850304, 0.0006528886733576655, -0.009700185619294643, 0.027978364378213882, -0.003637390909716487, 0.008387177251279354, 0.04027457535266876, -0.012376219965517521, 0.0444391705095768, -0.013015944510698318, -0.04921724274754524, 0.05554848536849022, -0.021842358633875847, -0.027645420283079147, 0.053396616131067276, 0.021104441955685616, 0.003010965185239911, 0.06723713129758835, -0.0037669481243938208, 0.011489378288388252, -0.024686921387910843, -0.015574846416711807, -0.06660788506269455, 0.01523226872086525, 0.05383908376097679, 0.031106727197766304, -0.0008938209502957761, -0.01067293994128704, 0.005499949213117361, 0.0017810931894928217, 0.05138728395104408, -0.06443362683057785, 0.061999641358852386, -0.01845400221645832, -0.025662006810307503, -0.009880189783871174, 0.03162332624197006, -0.0043848357163369656, -0.05178969353437424, 0.02584856189787388, -0.007246959023177624, 0.0889795795083046, -0.006793824024498463, -0.048260316252708435, 0.04384583607316017, -0.003981728572398424, 0.0035687147174030542, 0.03597380965948105, -0.009961800649762154, 0.005567100830376148, 0.0075455475598573685, -0.01337601151317358, 0.009358071722090244, -0.033794600516557693, -0.06356137990951538, -0.0024203998036682606, 0.0005226942012086511, 0.03690674155950546, -0.011947635561227798, -0.05527729168534279, -0.03141098469495773, -0.01809641160070896, 0.04340800270438194, -0.005183337721973658, 0.009686592034995556, 0.011145083233714104, 0.07699314504861832, -0.04311693087220192, 0.05102555453777313, -0.03590336814522743, 0.002272261306643486, 0.006169618107378483, -0.03841019049286842, 0.01665865071117878, 0.023945041000843048, 0.01602930761873722, -0.008779799565672874, -0.01383456401526928, 0.02466961182653904, 0.033686313778162, -0.02688685990869999, -0.04253420606255531, 0.0752047672867775, 0.021205924451351166, -0.08292039483785629, -0.024932220578193665, 0.06785966455936432, 0.004986818879842758, 0.0354977622628212, 0.004725820850580931, 0.01440275739878416, 0.011337422765791416, -0.039439521729946136, -0.010572697035968304, 0.05721601843833923, -0.04840109869837761, 0.01200664322823286, 0.004807149060070515, 0.028776338323950768, 0.018162839114665985, 0.034441299736499786, -0.016930347308516502, -0.035819221287965775, -0.0029986980371177197, 0.0013969417195767164, 0.025759609416127205, 0.02213870733976364, 0.06135788932442665, -0.008139170706272125, -0.03365090489387512, -0.008194591850042343, -0.05164365842938423, -0.07513584941625595, 0.03661598637700081, -0.04941466823220253, 0.019793877378106117, -0.0459277369081974, -0.011940420605242252, -0.026237092912197113, 0.04912669211626053, -0.0029268318321555853, -0.07543451339006424, -0.00936428364366293, -0.03073710761964321, -0.05898764729499817, 0.04476258158683777, 0.06516311317682266, 0.045442987233400345, -0.006928927265107632, -0.005260244477540255, -0.023400304839015007, -0.03498075157403946, 0.017375856637954712, 0.007947697304189205, -0.0008415772463195026, -0.07220622152090073, -0.033088814467191696, 0.02415548264980316, -0.010761838406324387, 0.020272191613912582, 0.0258732158690691, -0.06320261210203171, 0.03827857971191406, 0.002674219897016883, -0.06403002142906189, -0.011299011297523975, -0.018598591908812523, 0.0031245513819158077, -0.002635293174535036, -0.006909777410328388, -0.02296772412955761, 0.01730361022055149, 0.017934229224920273, -0.021952416747808456, 0.005930901505053043, 0.033098965883255005, -0.034557778388261795, 0.006529961712658405, 0.03212963789701462, 0.01514529064297676, -0.06644504517316818, -0.02945738285779953, 0.05127309262752533, -0.026671307161450386, -0.05530658736824989, -0.06076524406671524, -0.03820722550153732, 0.0075674159452319145, -0.06036046892404556, 0.03920880705118179, -0.023787200450897217, 0.005122035276144743, 0.0028121857903897762, -0.0006699530640617013, 0.05001423507928848, 0.06150900572538376, 0.011042156256735325, 0.009003642946481705, 0.010380163788795471, -0.022649362683296204, -0.0038768101949244738, -0.040311627089977264, -0.032092370092868805, 0.01666548289358616, 0.01681329496204853, 0.03507419675588608, -0.07317337393760681, 0.029320010915398598, 0.057970065623521805, 0.03905152156949043, -0.0026135609950870275, 0.030825380235910416, 0.03377225995063782, -0.03287961333990097, 0.03349120169878006, -0.02780444361269474, 0.04688138887286186, -0.003306163242086768, -0.032966796308755875, 0.0000398954980482813, 0.057367775589227676, 0.05087748169898987, -0.014178642071783543, -0.009655015543103218, 0.02224566601216793, 0.03888774663209915, 0.07461553066968918, 0.06459455192089081, -0.05163629353046417, 0.03389575332403183, 0.006345891859382391, 0.002289772965013981, -0.011603130958974361, -0.06617554277181625, 0.007601347751915455, -0.027893060818314552, 0.06554943323135376, 0.03229610621929169, 0.00472661666572094, -0.023746846243739128, 0.004466851241886616, 0.07913631200790405, -0.02981301210820675, -0.029676711186766624, -0.04313253238797188, -0.03286666423082352, 0.024972757324576378, -0.002371738897636533, 0.028751369565725327, -0.023061128333210945, 0.014064684510231018, -0.0031657873187214136, 0.01472700759768486, 0.02147175744175911, 0.03602949529886246, 0.01843763142824173, 0.02570599503815174, 0.01892085000872612, 0.037152405828237534, 0.03701697662472725, 0.0026729702949523926, 0.012783173471689224, -0.07772626727819443, 0.04155992716550827, -0.08322993665933609, -0.01713845692574978, 0.044313833117485046, -0.025714658200740814, -0.0019850805401802063, 0.022162986919283867, -0.011903081089258194, -0.08221518248319626, 0.01912325993180275, 0.005764079745858908, 0.03290526196360588, -0.0012751412577927113, -0.025662651285529137, -0.02222536876797676, 0.005188813433051109, 0.007087804842740297, -0.060973186045885086, 0.022343670949339867, -0.030365008860826492, -0.059607937932014465, 0.052035994827747345, 0.03398977220058441, 0.02785845287144184, -0.007633681874722242, 0.040417563170194626, -0.01740795560181141, -0.05191970616579056, 0.006532727740705013, 0.02322760969400406, -0.002875491278246045, -0.017478371039032936, -0.02392636612057686, 0.021606585010886192, 0.03850718215107918, -0.010704242624342442, 0.019428668543696404, 0.02523045800626278, -0.032545581459999084, -0.05759590491652489, 0.01718274876475334, 0.026996301487088203, 0.023165017366409302, 0.041554249823093414, -0.02987784519791603, -0.008291474543511868, -0.0005025843856856227, -0.03431852534413338, -0.05274612084031105, -0.05135029926896095, 0.000014222394383978099, 0.0016902321949601173, -0.06622327119112015, 0.06032101809978485, -0.0016710967756807804, -0.015570602379739285, 0.0019219830865040421, 0.06836920231580734, 0.03734789416193962, 0.01192420069128275, -0.07373525947332382, 0.017374059185385704, -0.005654076114296913, 0.01770087704062462, 0.05453815683722496, 0.06697282195091248, -0.03063269704580307, 0.01858549751341343, -0.0073628914542496204, 0.06005144491791725, -0.07647979259490967, -0.034809764474630356, 0.03152785822749138, 0.00015825674927327782, 0.03427859768271446, -0.039217546582221985, 0.026262497529387474, -0.033418796956539154, -0.00875814724713564, -0.025962280109524727, -0.029068443924188614, 0.006971731781959534, -0.008588938973844051, -0.09334239363670349, 0.008748800493776798, -0.02344512566924095, 0.07098785787820816, 0.006899337284266949, 0.0015308562433347106, -0.008907419629395008, -0.04435822367668152, 0.05674240365624428, -0.0028244382701814175, -0.04354178160429001, 0.029668912291526794, 0.05607736110687256, -0.08056338131427765, -0.048091571778059006, -0.004042159300297499, 0.06021392345428467, 0.030684558674693108, -0.0016948156990110874, -0.019149092957377434, 0.007838128134608269, -0.018029773607850075, -0.0024234233424067497, 0.026514019817113876, 0.013375353999435902, 0.01032609399408102, -0.03717702627182007, -0.03255562484264374, 0.027538366615772247, -0.010724259540438652, 0.048839740455150604, 0.04699351638555527, 0.042252350598573685, 0.05383426696062088, -0.055200494825839996, -0.02620469219982624, -0.04858109727501869, 0.06558573246002197, -0.035014331340789795, -0.047054681926965714, -0.03390143811702728, 0.02481982111930847, 0.0033806010615080595, 0.011860747821629047, 0.04101233184337616, 0.002022054512053728, -0.031091663986444473, -0.027308212593197823, 0.02749507874250412, -0.014131449162960052, 0.02093874290585518, 0.045473042875528336, -0.020446021109819412, 0.025163860991597176, 0.03642095625400543, -0.025245683267712593, -0.01904136687517166, 0.09076914191246033, -0.0032090756576508284, 0.039393194019794464, -0.01982121914625168, -0.022537019103765488, -0.07230910658836365, -0.03595361113548279, -0.044987551867961884, -0.006988685578107834, -0.06300605833530426, -0.021998684853315353, 0.04719824716448784, 0.04249362647533417, 0.0017077912343665957, 0.01023491844534874, -0.033707693219184875, 0.005614316090941429, 0.0415818952023983, -0.033373914659023285, -0.004611905664205551, -0.012424422428011894, 0.00021953260875307024, 0.0037945813965052366, 0.029354486614465714, 0.01776745915412903, 0.008425794541835785, -0.0030094326939433813, -0.01502467691898346, 0.052642904222011566, 0.06880490481853485, 0.015747403725981712, -0.03561675548553467, 0.031204361468553543, 0.009794758632779121, 0.04399247094988823, 0.0610564686357975, 0.04110081493854523, 0.028340758755803108, -0.043659135699272156, 0.05901618301868439, 0.036297757178545, 0.013537412509322166, 0.07165469229221344, 0.011362945660948753, 0.02371339127421379, 0.019244248047471046, 0.027128029614686966, -0.0068467166274785995, -0.08192417770624161, 0.02707555517554283, 0.03519964963197708, 0.11916827410459518, -0.04730062186717987, 0.04672522470355034, 0.04131921008229256, -0.015682220458984375, -0.07140551507472992, -0.02287304773926735, 0.05884459987282753, -0.03612206503748894, -0.09322667866945267, -0.04767994210124016, -0.025442158803343773, -0.0029572471976280212, -0.020242633298039436, 0.00834718532860279, -0.015329279936850071, 0.012379939667880535, -0.002689934801310301, 0.011403549462556839, 0.020374692976474762, -0.007412669714540243, -0.028066378086805344, -0.03393271192908287, 0.01282759103924036, -0.031079018488526344, -0.007377796806395054, 0.08346661180257797, 0.0355616919696331, -0.01091750618070364, -0.0494169220328331, -0.007421927060931921, -0.03062816895544529, -0.01819208450615406, 0.02468210831284523, 0.005067470017820597, -0.05937987193465233, -0.0034587562549859285, 0.027904586866497993, 0.04693864285945892, -0.0018404454458504915, -0.08485674113035202, 0.013764106668531895, -0.0065383994951844215, 0.00507162744179368, -0.06383108347654343, -0.04525590315461159, 0.0734110176563263, 0.03882165625691414, -0.03624335676431656, -0.03686665743589401, -0.038375452160835266, 0.0002207651559729129, 0.05324932187795639, -0.01077143382281065, -0.014028504490852356, -0.00922966655343771, 0.04079674184322357, -0.011843022890388966, 0.027618413791060448, 0.013940810225903988, -0.004066139459609985, 0.008765642531216145, -0.04609028995037079, -0.0013779641594737768, 0.06401243060827255, -0.004431167151778936, -0.053600285202264786, -0.014428605325520039, -0.044614262878894806, 0.0011307087261229753, 0.02206711657345295, 0.01767812669277191, 0.06502775847911835, 0.006290176883339882, 0.04266127571463585, 0.052590567618608475, -0.018944263458251953, -0.0036507765762507915, 0.04247181490063667, 0.03755957633256912, -0.06005382910370827, -0.023664379492402077, 0.04236602783203125, 0.02148733101785183, -0.06294425576925278, -0.04607998579740524, -0.05153055116534233, -0.05787885561585426, -0.009853964671492577, 0.02150457724928856, -0.03839516267180443, -0.026001425459980965, -0.024215389043092728, -0.0044208974577486515, 0.04118742793798447, -0.056075721979141235, -0.018085777759552002, 0.019489867612719536, 0.000017467440557084046, -0.03674260899424553, 0.020052069798111916, -0.07441160082817078, -0.06236758083105087, 0.022921031340956688, -0.022968459874391556, 0.0008266797522082925, -0.03483787551522255, -0.03937743604183197, 0.003985494375228882, 0.09968169778585434, -0.0027703926898539066, 0.037255749106407166, -0.007842331193387508, -0.007868326269090176, 0.0002824232797138393, 0.0578930489718914, -0.06603754311800003, -0.0133998803794384, 0.01175704412162304, -0.017660755664110184, -0.009845660999417305, -0.05941576510667801, 0.02399449236690998, 0.010922979563474655, 0.02459302917122841, -0.008279310539364815, -0.026425380259752274, -0.02211119420826435, 0.006870614364743233 ]
<p>I'm having some trouble with successfully working out a rotation about the $z$-axis on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloch_sphere" rel="nofollow">Bloch sphere</a>. Now, I know how this is performed, in principle. A rotation of the Bloch-sphere around an axis $\boldsymbol n$ by an angle $\theta$ is given by $$ R_{\boldsymbol n}(\theta)=e^{-i\theta \boldsymbol \sigma\cdot \boldsymbol n/2} $$ where $\boldsymbol \sigma$ is the vector of Pauli-matrices.</p> <p>So for example if I start in \begin{pmatrix} 1 \\ 0 \\ \end{pmatrix}</p> <p>And I want to rotate by pi/2 around the x-axis, I simply compute the product with </p> <p>\begin{pmatrix} \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} &amp; \frac{-i}{\sqrt{2}} \\ \frac{-i}{\sqrt{2}} &amp; \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \\ \end{pmatrix}</p> <p>And I end up with \begin{pmatrix} \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \\ \frac{-i}{\sqrt{2}} \\ \end{pmatrix}</p> <p>However, now I want to rotate this around the z-axis, by an angle theta. Now from what I can tell this simply corresponds to the matrix multiplication with \begin{pmatrix} e^{\frac{-i\theta}{2}} &amp; 0 \\ 0 &amp; e^{\frac{i\theta}{2}} \\ \end{pmatrix}</p> <p>so that I end up with the vector</p> <p>\begin{pmatrix} \frac{e^{\frac{-i\theta}{2}}}{\sqrt{2}} \\ \frac{-ie^{\frac{i\theta}{2}}}{\sqrt{2}} \\ \end{pmatrix}</p> <p>However, here things go wrong. For example, I know that if I rotate by $2\pi$, I should end up back at the same spot, but instead I end up at \begin{pmatrix} \frac{-1}{\sqrt{2}} \\ \frac{i}{\sqrt{2}} \\ \end{pmatrix}</p> <p>which is not correct. Could someone point out the obvious error?</p>
g4552
[ 0.02497856505215168, -0.023963358253240585, 0.00178770802449435, -0.0044845761731266975, 0.03851904720067978, -0.0930095687508583, 0.11256830394268036, -0.023757876828312874, -0.048417508602142334, 0.03754020109772682, 0.002992857014760375, 0.10134435445070267, 0.038625240325927734, -0.019500242546200752, 0.02764807641506195, -0.03520987555384636, 0.008364572189748287, 0.04101601988077164, 0.009101251140236855, 0.020441725850105286, 0.001484014093875885, 0.019030869007110596, 0.014830132946372032, -0.010030869394540787, 0.010186731815338135, -0.03667162358760834, 0.021731192246079445, 0.039074428379535675, -0.023616133257746696, 0.03077387996017933, 0.014176447875797749, 0.025753473863005638, 0.03484690561890602, -0.012378718703985214, 0.004676151089370251, -0.018914829939603806, 0.026313358917832375, -0.001433609169907868, 0.07199858874082565, 0.007824147120118141, -0.010264784097671509, -0.035659316927194595, 0.015067407861351967, 0.0011298737954348326, 0.017248395830392838, -0.043223705142736435, -0.03460415452718735, 0.04778696224093437, -0.02765633538365364, 0.05945981293916702, 0.0673232227563858, 0.0172440018504858, 0.08004617691040039, -0.007235368248075247, -0.02349056303501129, -0.0029031308367848396, 0.053102120757102966, -0.0006252567400224507, 0.04657404124736786, 0.043110840022563934, 0.009646336548030376, -0.046278055757284164, -0.03515021502971649, 0.030178265646100044, 0.02120094746351242, -0.016723880544304848, -0.004915945697575808, 0.03148871287703514, -0.0565255805850029, 0.025449149310588837, -0.03719811141490936, -0.032614950090646744, 0.05540521442890167, -0.029407264664769173, -0.050316449254751205, 0.011593850329518318, 0.03149161860346794, -0.02533111162483692, 0.04771972820162773, 0.0014348513213917613, 0.0013730089413002133, -0.002606113674119115, 0.016085464507341385, 0.019529590383172035, 0.043845612555742264, 0.035159867256879807, 0.012730756774544716, -0.018131591379642487, 0.032735880464315414, -0.010364863090217113, 0.057964298874139786, 0.0010899602202698588, -0.012821371667087078, 0.01744241639971733, -0.05062315613031387, -0.000999109703116119, -0.04849991574883461, 0.015101243741810322, -0.03123447857797146, 0.02495424635708332, 0.0023264081683009863, 0.027742203325033188, 0.024274330586194992, -0.027927085757255554, -0.002397069474682212, 0.0431048609316349, 0.010640264488756657, -0.006548886653035879, 0.013701332733035088, 0.017857693135738373, -0.030502934008836746, -0.030397411435842514, -0.019671745598316193, -0.016546282917261124, -0.049223996698856354, 0.014008047059178352, 0.04861411824822426, 0.043031949549913406, 0.040877483785152435, 0.03298591822385788, -0.0034094350412487984, -0.000008132716175168753, 0.05923149734735489, 0.020305974408984184, -0.043226320296525955, -0.004365552682429552, -0.006849511526525021, 0.0026070706080645323, 0.04220369830727577, -0.056053295731544495, -0.05442804470658302, -0.03509527072310448, 0.026081332936882973, 0.008856920525431633, -0.021490318700671196, 0.014758460223674774, -0.04843704029917717, -0.0012224081438034773, 0.009809487499296665, 0.0504145585000515, -0.03887178748846054, -0.04370893910527229, 0.010439641773700714, -0.06720287352800369, -0.02011880837380886, 0.01056559570133686, -0.024065088480710983, -0.06716828793287277, 0.06310263276100159, 0.03715288266539574, -0.043478477746248245, 0.08424554765224457, 0.004149009473621845, -0.013987085781991482, 0.0003887569182552397, 0.029642971232533455, 0.0005233106203377247, -0.05259602144360542, 0.024382345378398895, 0.0225504320114851, 0.03956117480993271, -0.03523920476436615, 0.010623550042510033, -0.026750903576612473, -0.031233420595526695, 0.004170290660113096, -0.0428021177649498, 0.007824033498764038, -0.026774965226650238, -0.08952518552541733, -0.029201796278357506, -0.027207596227526665, 0.045639265328645706, 0.020958395674824715, -0.015917720273137093, 0.03381131589412689, -0.013817332684993744, 0.020088693127036095, 0.0645199716091156, 0.07033514976501465, 0.020188840106129646, -0.019293347373604774, -0.009782882407307625, 0.03297971189022064, 0.01986113004386425, -0.012882119044661522, -0.012837464921176434, 0.009406008757650852, -0.09746754169464111, 0.010318882763385773, -0.0045097265392541885, 0.015541628003120422, -0.0010655567748472095, 0.022022226825356483, 0.003680889494717121, 0.02697342075407505, 0.035176146775484085, -0.0618266761302948, -0.039456434547901154, 0.05459016188979149, -0.009097674861550331, 0.01650221459567547, 0.09477698802947998, -0.015269387513399124, 0.008578558452427387, -0.01100847963243723, 0.02790083922445774, -0.0659560114145279, -0.006011251360177994, 0.09582681208848953, 0.00903119146823883, 0.0019509091507643461, -0.01075572706758976, -0.01647656410932541, -0.0313408300280571, -0.0015223247464746237, 0.017337879166007042, 0.019458388909697533, -0.032854847609996796, 0.02101755328476429, 0.02145574428141117, 0.025970814749598503, -0.07770989835262299, -0.046370334923267365, -0.003845621133223176, 0.01553377602249384, 0.0418696328997612, -0.006046974565833807, 0.024907764047384262, 0.07274676114320755, -0.0303791631013155, 0.003592701628804207, -0.005369913298636675, 0.016706380993127823, 0.013947690837085247, -0.06494468450546265, -0.00502103241160512, 0.04392068833112717, 0.021365173161029816, 0.04927261173725128, -0.03517785668373108, 0.015775278210639954, -0.010489214211702347, -0.029765255749225616, 0.061274196952581406, -0.04565860703587532, 0.04261438921093941, -0.03745565935969353, -0.017675526440143585, -0.0055565740913152695, 0.016830096021294594, -0.03745788335800171, -0.03149355202913284, 0.016647936776280403, 0.05207689106464386, -0.026509076356887817, -0.02795233391225338, 0.046185851097106934, 0.019285108894109726, 0.011871757917106152, -0.02742692269384861, -0.015098530799150467, -0.01902301236987114, 0.05702413618564606, -0.013148820027709007, 0.003637633053585887, -0.07624299079179764, 0.028852956369519234, 0.04615335911512375, -0.003955300897359848, -0.04240693897008896, 0.03717563673853874, 0.055974967777729034, 0.061344441026449203, -0.043601468205451965, -0.04721684753894806, 0.005736774764955044, 0.0214371494948864, -0.04083297401666641, 0.032726727426052094, -0.0071295578964054585, 0.0027446672320365906, -0.021897591650485992, 0.023998605087399483, 0.024451131001114845, -0.03355021774768829, -0.030571866780519485, 0.042570386081933975, -0.05481559410691261, 0.0019147255225107074, -0.052606672048568726, 0.007293415255844593, 0.03796957805752754, -0.03601030632853508, 0.002797035500407219, 0.034036338329315186, 0.043415240943431854, -0.041803501546382904, 0.029128849506378174, 0.04752142354846001, 0.07152635604143143, -0.041999511420726776, 0.014634504914283752, -0.016500506550073624, 0.052281517535448074, -0.016231361776590347, -0.019123174250125885, -0.0960037037730217, 0.010164249688386917, 0.09262349456548691, -0.00521340174600482, -0.01507888175547123, 0.02145027182996273, -0.04984887316823006, -0.07047196477651596, -0.0071275862865149975, -0.050086863338947296, -0.05247241631150246, 0.017295507714152336, 0.026466794312000275, -0.06982330977916718, 0.04399700090289116, 0.0069082812406122684, 0.0459950715303421, 0.01277161855250597, 0.010494653135538101, -0.04389479011297226, 0.015523207373917103, -0.014030274003744125, -0.06180279329419136, 0.03856944292783737, 0.036524008959531784, 0.0013594042975455523, -0.008994256146252155, -0.02208598330616951, -0.03436511754989624, -0.004451949615031481, 0.029566733166575432, -0.02232520282268524, -0.028718801215291023, -0.03067765012383461, -0.002515734639018774, 0.022644249722361565, -0.037893205881118774, -0.04491454362869263, -0.007243932690471411, -0.03285735473036766, 0.0009348159073852003, 0.019704420119524002, 0.010973624885082245, 0.009507800452411175, -0.02795334905385971, 0.0003315969661343843, 0.010566182434558868, 0.04951377958059311, 0.07079071551561356, 0.04417208209633827, 0.04821750149130821, 0.021524500101804733, 0.006813031621277332, 0.006424000486731529, -0.062442805618047714, -0.02607627585530281, 0.016577662900090218, 0.005295492708683014, -0.03227977082133293, 0.021966084837913513, 0.08383092284202576, -0.0004637211677618325, -0.020307831466197968, -0.000835652812384069, -0.03832254186272621, 0.0266825370490551, 0.012656415812671185, -0.057505376636981964, -0.025653960183262825, -0.0381721556186676, -0.009624548256397247, -0.017969045788049698, -0.005647923797369003, -0.03468095511198044, -0.01916033960878849, -0.06665528565645218, 0.009667987003922462, 0.015899481251835823, 0.03262697160243988, 0.019282879307866096, 0.023653682321310043, 0.01638515293598175, -0.012612525373697281, -0.010876396670937538, -0.004666936118155718, 0.03985055163502693, -0.01664315164089203, 0.00979781337082386, 0.00208851951174438, -0.01610170677304268, 0.04072542488574982, -0.0643577054142952, 0.06068640574812889, 0.017298536375164986, 0.0021489558275789022, 0.02714274637401104, -0.019617710262537003, 0.0345846489071846, 0.0176839716732502, -0.059330202639102936, 0.014171185903251171, 0.024756284430623055, -0.013091335073113441, -0.02520245686173439, 0.026597823947668076, 0.018201226368546486, -0.05555345490574837, 0.07799812406301498, 0.03913233056664467, 0.012045462615787983, -0.010542490519583225, -0.001756124896928668, -0.04510350152850151, -0.0518769733607769, -0.01021893322467804, 0.010140299797058105, -0.0217193141579628, 0.013847677037119865, 0.02525912970304489, 0.023164549842476845, -0.06212831661105156, 0.061159487813711166, -0.020713800564408302, -0.02066572941839695, 0.02193356491625309, -0.031685344874858856, -0.01625666581094265, -0.04804740846157074, -0.0571567565202713, -0.015076116658747196, 0.027736879885196686, 0.03708145394921303, -0.0063008530996739864, 0.028928391635417938, 0.01969148963689804, -0.019695868715643883, -0.03809486702084541, 0.009405410848557949, -0.016491573303937912, -0.012762220576405525, -0.0439022034406662, 0.021438028663396835, -0.020806415006518364, -0.000603107619099319, -0.009928982704877853, 0.06453892588615417, -0.0434199795126915, 0.017268793657422066, -0.00030979508301243186, -0.02531706541776657, 0.05921775475144386, -0.034028127789497375, -0.01612820103764534, 0.03246789798140526, -0.014950195327401161, -0.05341778323054314, 0.012511711567640305, 0.026154816150665283, 0.05417927727103233, -0.009571961127221584, -0.001080094836652279, 0.0034031879622489214, 0.007343986537307501, -0.053377702832221985, 0.05942332744598389, 0.038685526698827744, -0.0030363118276000023, -0.009747705422341824, 0.054784104228019714, -0.017349012196063995, 0.04507749155163765, -0.03657430782914162, -0.03575372323393822, -0.0398133248090744, 0.0007936928886920214, 0.038767009973526, 0.017803320661187172, 0.028993673622608185, 0.013356231153011322, -0.05770514905452728, -0.04447872191667557, 0.005870737135410309, -0.02431110292673111, 0.028177278116345406, 0.046466439962387085, -0.02672063745558262, -0.05241226777434349, 0.005722029134631157, -0.04908375442028046, 0.0012125765206292272, -0.04281999170780182, -0.00458733132109046, 0.015950752422213554, -0.0057274289429187775, 0.042113397270441055, -0.005227759014815092, -0.02467966265976429, -0.04194929823279381, -0.000485335651319474, 0.041365377604961395, 0.010934348218142986, -0.031250059604644775, 0.029333170503377914, -0.005709296092391014, 0.004411614965647459, 0.011930268257856369, -0.03925936669111252, 0.005738449282944202, -0.011774798855185509, -0.0068160612136125565, -0.022216303274035454, -0.012780147604644299, -0.018806805834174156, -0.03196115046739578, 0.018904808908700943, -0.021262995898723602, -0.057293348014354706, 0.060022640973329544, -0.01975482702255249, -0.008690223097801208, -0.01819101721048355, -0.03694579377770424, 0.04568220302462578, -0.06297480314970016, -0.05215084180235863, -0.050970084965229034, 0.012693795375525951, 0.013578291051089764, 0.0011045291321352124, -0.031237397342920303, -0.05025598034262657, 0.10278341919183731, -0.012531223706901073, 0.00671132979914546, -0.05341239646077156, 0.03208230063319206, 0.019599325954914093, -0.06368553638458252, 0.006906062364578247, 0.0018543640617281199, 0.03131483495235443, -0.020611710846424103, 0.028686990961432457, -0.04304123297333717, 0.020046895369887352, -0.056839700788259506, -0.080439992249012, -0.0289916954934597, 0.06263938546180725, -0.03318328410387039, -0.010459293611347675, 0.014993288554251194, 0.007079025264829397, 0.04002264514565468, -0.06605018675327301, -0.016564413905143738, -0.011392280459403992, -0.007375738583505154, -0.02085329033434391, 0.02996421791613102, 0.0785084143280983, 0.022777963429689407, 0.07021962851285934, -0.020680556073784828, -0.012549465522170067, -0.051807429641485214, 0.04475710913538933, 0.04546758532524109, 0.03870052099227905, -0.03254023194313049, -0.027311336249113083, -0.020351886749267578, 0.03210051730275154, 0.011874460615217686, 0.0361056923866272, 0.015488598495721817, 0.00818066019564867, 0.0002641504106577486, 0.01689772494137287, -0.019752005115151405, -0.024960674345493317, -0.014925367198884487, -0.012857647612690926, -0.014360655099153519, 0.030139263719320297, -0.09781153500080109, 0.0022078051697462797, -0.03524859994649887, -0.027424974367022514, 0.0050752474926412106, 0.03829459846019745, 0.01384774036705494, -0.015049707144498825, 0.006603189744055271, -0.06162206083536148, 0.034844424575567245, 0.06591589003801346, 0.013991276733577251, -0.000018063812603941187, -0.06083091348409653, 0.028393004089593887, 0.03297713026404381, 0.0384252704679966, 0.014421922154724598, 0.03833357244729996, 0.02617725171148777, 0.07222652435302734, 0.013998644426465034, -0.026285171508789062, -0.005787890870124102, 0.041646454483270645, 0.006367943249642849, 0.02392941154539585, 0.012761016376316547, 0.020317476242780685, -0.09849997609853745, -0.04348689690232277, -0.015633191913366318, 0.014333772473037243, 0.038800667971372604, 0.017102209851145744, 0.029554355889558792, -0.012550772167742252, 0.028855537995696068, -0.027338752523064613, -0.05177880823612213, 0.03848312050104141, 0.02126283384859562, 0.009824339300394058, -0.06959355622529984, 0.08681483566761017, 0.0060034566558897495, 0.06759805232286453, -0.011274912394583225, 0.04709026962518692, 0.012875426560640335, 0.023307498544454575, -0.07527904212474823, 0.01573767326772213, -0.026453537866473198, 0.061084575951099396, -0.08398128300905228, 0.08220928907394409, 0.08561267703771591, 0.024111321195960045, 0.005226454697549343, 0.0015742952236905694, -0.03590255230665207, -0.011538645252585411, 0.04889438673853874, -0.007215494755655527, 0.05702020227909088, -0.0583813451230526, -0.016272900626063347, -0.0274241603910923, 0.023570742458105087, 0.04161645844578743, -0.03972390294075012, 0.03197377920150757, -0.011910872533917427, 0.03553127869963646, 0.06719320267438889, -0.047170840203762054, -0.05094226822257042, 0.049144793301820755, -0.074375219643116, 0.001357192755676806, -0.029039092361927032, 0.027069997042417526, 0.012038031592965126, 0.02319084294140339, -0.08486472815275192, -0.011528603732585907, -0.017013469710946083, -0.03089670091867447, -0.10027466714382172, -0.014469552785158157, -0.014539994299411774, -0.008378162980079651, -0.044377733021974564, 0.008488408289849758, 0.009790207259356976, 0.06336880475282669, -0.023942209780216217, 0.007590151857584715, 0.00840767566114664, 0.026203662157058716, -0.03604278713464737, 0.010592760518193245, 0.021415112540125847, 0.01037208829075098, -0.01444630604237318, 0.011210267432034016, 0.021417099982500076, -0.04143469035625458, -0.00664087850600481, -0.03241918981075287, 0.040910083800554276, 0.05709441378712654, -0.03740372881293297, 0.031852759420871735, 0.0044243596494197845, -0.0013167354045435786, -0.026040783151984215, -0.0009427997283637524, -0.050999365746974945, -0.049051206558942795, 0.00418145302683115, -0.017325744032859802, -0.02192249521613121, 0.011639834381639957, -0.005089328624308109, -0.023173853754997253, -0.07862602919340134, 0.010562318377196789, -0.012708229944109917, -0.03462453559041023, -0.0068894242867827415, -0.02081810124218464, -0.07238104194402695, 0.010483269579708576, 0.021574556827545166, -0.032647449523210526, -0.03470495343208313, 0.025391094386577606, -0.03672102093696594, 0.03458164632320404, 0.02343561127781868, -0.02021121233701706, 0.02435978315770626, -0.06643664836883545, -0.0037544514052569866, 0.005278273485600948, 0.0518031120300293, -0.050029952079057693, -0.010837825946509838, -0.006258607842028141, -0.01318089384585619, 0.049026310443878174, 0.019580209627747536, 0.03636808693408966, 0.04944021627306938, -0.033597659319639206, 0.014639812521636486, 0.028409387916326523, -0.03788776695728302, 0.00709945522248745, 0.02340484969317913, -0.002284696791321039, -0.011967385187745094, 0.0530492402613163, 0.0304856114089489, -0.052110765129327774, -0.03634599223732948, -0.059719402343034744, -0.05854836478829384, 0.02595599927008152, -0.009414752945303917, -0.09178853780031204, -0.043564677238464355, 0.024029193446040154 ]
<p>I am considering the cathode ray tube of the set up, when the cathode rays were discovered</p> <p>Voltage = Very High<br /> Gas = any<br /> Atmospheric Pressure = We change</p> <p>(In the following example i am just changing the atmospheric pressure everything else is kept same)</p> <p>At <br /> 1 atmospheric pressure (atm) -> Tube Does not glow<br /> 0.1 atm -> The whole tube lightens<br /> 0.01 atm -> The tube glows at the anode end (Glowing is shown as there is a detector coating of ZnS)</p> <p>[Note: I don't have this set-up this is just taken by me from theory]</p> <p>My Question: why when i am just reducing the atm from 1 to 0.01 first it is not glowing then it glows completely and after that it glow just at one end. Why so?</p> <p>[I am asking this question here because on chemistry forum i was suggested by someone to post it here too as it was related to plasma and people over here could help me better. <a href="http://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/8632/cathode-ray-tube">Link</a> to my question on chemistry forum]</p>
g4553
[ 0.0633007362484932, -0.007539091166108847, 0.0013254048535600305, 0.0669623389840126, 0.03272716701030731, 0.029070287942886353, 0.011183228343725204, 0.03900811821222305, -0.055574558675289154, -0.022641552612185478, 0.018273012712597847, 0.10159514099359512, -0.009420421905815601, 0.0521261990070343, -0.0026287506334483624, -0.01452384889125824, 0.08698675036430359, -0.007305261213332415, 0.03500714153051376, -0.011947549879550934, -0.06955983489751816, -0.008029807358980179, -0.040871452540159225, -0.08758591115474701, -0.036846600472927094, 0.02147754468023777, 0.016347235068678856, 0.051347069442272186, 0.025240041315555573, -0.07873046398162842, 0.014484538696706295, -0.017841702327132225, 0.013171052560210228, 0.050409093499183655, 0.029265237972140312, -0.06744325906038284, 0.0444975309073925, 0.016233865171670914, -0.029689185321331024, 0.020635798573493958, -0.009942092932760715, 0.008488227613270283, 0.058902956545352936, 0.004515528678894043, -0.012952379882335663, 0.013257431797683239, -0.02145077846944332, -0.046963416039943695, 0.005183505360037088, -0.04944085329771042, 0.017507776618003845, 0.020391220226883888, -0.07463380694389343, -0.0525776743888855, 0.022157486528158188, 0.022478202357888222, -0.05244944617152214, -0.020313937216997147, 0.044126663357019424, -0.025443267077207565, 0.0013512922450900078, 0.020678693428635597, 0.019199008122086525, 0.0008798864437267184, -0.0025897445157170296, -0.017233897000551224, -0.028534797951579094, -0.0197640061378479, 0.045699648559093475, 0.015035940334200859, -0.030959779396653175, -0.010561442002654076, -0.04096939414739609, 0.001882305950857699, 0.016836920753121376, 0.009678604081273079, -0.023374704644083977, -0.005573015194386244, -0.018010351806879044, 0.05528966709971428, -0.035795293748378754, 0.0075146909803152084, 0.022094234824180603, -0.008318041451275349, -0.019111812114715576, -0.010673324577510357, -0.021616537123918533, -0.029022986069321632, -0.07188329845666885, -0.02161371149122715, -0.007900324650108814, -0.07382116466760635, 0.08240485191345215, -0.056449044495821, 0.03702491521835327, 0.040782343596220016, 0.02494179457426071, 0.08997237682342529, 0.03646856173872948, 0.01304918434470892, -0.03461895138025284, -0.0432480089366436, 0.007004460785537958, 0.029640795662999153, -0.04313843697309494, -0.0023479717783629894, -0.021962705999612808, 0.00025352786178700626, -0.059256553649902344, -0.021232806146144867, -0.01574835740029812, -0.08007422834634781, -0.06654644012451172, -0.011493230238556862, -0.0030676748137921095, -0.023860694840550423, 0.04795073717832565, 0.014147487469017506, -0.02325441502034664, -0.03229966759681702, 0.045886747539043427, 0.033137332648038864, 0.030463045462965965, -0.054026395082473755, 0.006904707755893469, -0.03066699393093586, 0.022669441998004913, 0.017470326274633408, 0.005662619601935148, 0.015116655267775059, -0.00980837456882, 0.017203832045197487, -0.030259747058153152, 0.07768434286117554, 0.02984391711652279, 0.012765010818839073, 0.012737222015857697, -0.0038394026923924685, 0.03877992555499077, 0.034006517380476, 0.0030869210604578257, 0.023196937516331673, 0.020124401897192, 0.005811949260532856, -0.0332953967154026, 0.004825967364013195, -0.019037935882806778, 0.015960752964019775, 0.05104374885559082, -0.01668381318449974, 0.0006287379655987024, 0.0033219337929040194, -0.0034034813288599253, -0.050248920917510986, -0.03628851845860481, -0.03594543784856796, 0.020055552944540977, -0.034731943160295486, -0.004179471638053656, 0.024392828345298767, 0.0458037294447422, -0.011148880235850811, -0.003028874984011054, -0.043211374431848526, -0.05806970223784447, 0.023617645725607872, 0.018650958314538002, -0.01638702303171158, -0.041331641376018524, -0.0049026040360331535, -0.05369432270526886, -0.03495939075946808, -0.003348816419020295, 0.027868598699569702, 0.018975557759404182, 0.07497137039899826, 0.08983711898326874, 0.025811560451984406, -0.013841978274285793, 0.00017206327174790204, -0.023525236174464226, -0.03500958904623985, -0.009605553932487965, -0.08927645534276962, 0.039807092398405075, 0.0075417920015752316, -0.03547435998916626, -0.019510678946971893, -0.10057118535041809, -0.0006250437581911683, 0.047522563487291336, -0.04639414697885513, -0.004387290682643652, -0.0026393767911940813, -0.0001290432846872136, -0.04058477282524109, -0.02632717601954937, -0.0003630083811003715, -0.05439772829413414, 0.039232607930898666, -0.03989618271589279, 0.022950053215026855, 0.02703479491174221, 0.038067225366830826, 0.04293306916952133, -0.014848786406219006, -0.0435645692050457, -0.007563235703855753, -0.019411057233810425, 0.024431467056274414, -0.004694337025284767, 0.032742563635110855, -0.005913222208619118, -0.00036626230576075613, -0.05906641110777855, 0.004232686012983322, 0.00942698959261179, 0.044747743755578995, -0.0001228380569955334, -0.01029488630592823, -0.0018693219171836972, 0.03543071076273918, 0.05966132506728172, 0.011878975667059422, -0.0376950241625309, -0.018005207180976868, 0.012778758071362972, -0.038277920335531235, 0.045280393213033676, 0.022399835288524628, -0.02003180794417858, 0.056313201785087585, -0.027827763929963112, 0.012291411869227886, 0.027760185301303864, -0.031771253794431686, 0.002896268852055073, -0.006320987828075886, -0.015413949266076088, -0.020689716562628746, -0.049204617738723755, -0.06432650238275528, -0.003190307877957821, 0.02952689118683338, 0.010385661385953426, -0.009164095856249332, 0.009413646534085274, 0.012242453172802925, -0.01639775186777115, -0.01383443083614111, -0.019119586795568466, 0.03551001101732254, 0.03581773862242699, 0.0588262565433979, 0.04052550345659256, -0.053759098052978516, -0.0791681781411171, 0.08086280524730682, 0.010518333874642849, -0.06177666410803795, 0.002345910994336009, -0.02713901549577713, -0.015265888534486294, -0.0046776821836829185, -0.045353956520557404, 0.03656790778040886, -0.04002945125102997, 0.026264632120728493, 0.042459629476070404, -0.020582852885127068, 0.03602612391114235, 0.015649564564228058, -0.029818715527653694, 0.008240197785198689, -0.021560776978731155, 0.05025900900363922, 0.009007754735648632, -0.026934701949357986, 0.0738142803311348, -0.03405500203371048, 0.025400804355740547, 0.01362256333231926, -0.12236471474170685, -0.025073230266571045, -0.0270497128367424, 0.004363400861620903, 0.07316888123750687, -0.03115992061793804, -0.03394126519560814, 0.03845199570059776, -0.04272734001278877, -0.03431154787540436, 0.020258376374840736, 0.021670231595635414, 0.02897857129573822, -0.04430378973484039, 0.04351428896188736, -0.012218019925057888, -0.048180822283029556, 0.014320939779281616, 0.01134764589369297, -0.02963870018720627, -0.020515117794275284, 0.05590058118104935, 0.029631128534674644, 0.026990395039319992, -0.03714283928275108, 0.008840998634696007, -0.06077965348958969, 0.03247478976845741, 0.0041007986292243, -0.015291281044483185, 0.06528524309396744, -0.01295735128223896, 0.02965805120766163, 0.004721161909401417, -0.015547038055956364, -0.007838454097509384, 0.01948251761496067, 0.05820174887776375, -0.04264429584145546, 0.0229604821652174, -0.03543620556592941, -0.012912832200527191, 0.008182106539607048, -0.002675874624401331, 0.02352546714246273, 0.01160640362650156, 0.03211931139230728, 0.03487510606646538, 0.009261615574359894, 0.03600189462304115, -0.03231343254446983, -0.0496748611330986, -0.004488009959459305, -0.031109454110264778, -0.0278006624430418, 0.07160347700119019, -0.04011679068207741, 0.020506134256720543, -0.009345097467303276, -0.015280981548130512, -0.03776963800191879, 0.024279730394482613, 0.043978821486234665, 0.007357351947575808, -0.03449346870183945, -0.05681004747748375, -0.033468686044216156, -0.008745575323700905, 0.0489470437169075, 0.030292894691228867, -0.016691777855157852, 0.017823347821831703, -0.08006332814693451, -0.026140831410884857, 0.018554246053099632, 0.07895033061504364, 0.0034234027843922377, -0.03026476874947548, 0.00945949275046587, -0.06482771784067154, -0.02614002302289009, 0.019484639167785645, -0.0056941574439406395, 0.010139002464711666, 0.02712361142039299, 0.04204991087317467, 0.001568860956467688, -0.040375661104917526, 0.008632372133433819, -0.01563103124499321, -0.016072163358330727, 0.0012014417443424463, -0.020603695884346962, -0.010500612668693066, -0.04387129470705986, 0.03826754912734032, 0.00034400253207422793, 0.09930282086133957, 0.01478277612477541, -0.00283183460123837, 0.01214640773832798, -0.009469365701079369, -0.007021821103990078, 0.06369226425886154, -0.010428342968225479, 0.018179867416620255, -0.04275568202137947, -0.09529683738946915, 0.012868606485426426, 0.02204643189907074, -0.023008903488516808, 0.02836092747747898, 0.0045781913213431835, -0.03882945701479912, 0.04416384920477867, 0.006920052692294121, 0.004225057549774647, -0.0247824564576149, -0.03662038967013359, 0.01796364039182663, 0.042115841060876846, -0.06166817620396614, -0.007972377352416515, -0.03646646440029144, 0.037539537996053696, -0.005085699260234833, 0.061543360352516174, 0.03743647038936615, -0.01831478625535965, -0.0016300530405715108, -0.01131153292953968, -0.029293924570083618, 0.024812117218971252, -0.018883127719163895, -0.022451350465416908, 0.022599391639232635, 0.02315373905003071, -0.009653191082179546, 0.0014043509727343917, 0.04478733614087105, -0.03402210399508476, -0.053011614829301834, -0.012111141346395016, 0.08331145346164703, 0.03468191996216774, 0.01709648221731186, 0.03371806442737579, -0.029407931491732597, 0.005130973178893328, -0.01933605782687664, -0.05964482203125954, -0.010866126045584679, -0.04455083981156349, 0.061723023653030396, 0.03215831145644188, 0.017642725259065628, -0.007701103575527668, 0.04211638867855072, 0.10380043089389801, -0.013345691375434399, -0.022843752056360245, -0.013770801946520805, 0.03926840052008629, -0.007606214843690395, -0.025474760681390762, -0.03829772397875786, 0.01419103518128395, -0.04169441759586334, -0.06785950809717178, 0.010741563513875008, -0.052553750574588776, -0.04683830961585045, 0.018785029649734497, -0.033751148730516434, -0.03912993147969246, 0.03797554224729538, -0.03454430773854256, 0.062054891139268875, -0.08278284221887589, 0.04375079646706581, -0.008694391697645187, 0.03515191003680229, 0.062316931784152985, -0.051222193986177444, -0.01293791551142931, -0.08128289878368378, -0.025052333250641823, -0.0018412520876154304, -0.02569877728819847, -0.033055566251277924, -0.0026469503063708544, -0.0019341477891430259, 0.019587814807891846, -0.032406993210315704, 0.00972244143486023, -0.028942029923200607, 0.006425065919756889, -0.05001593008637428, -0.00499668950214982, 0.060433529317379, 0.06185011938214302, 0.03500431403517723, 0.020592905580997467, -0.0013981153024360538, -0.05745716020464897, 0.007996735163033009, 0.04881913959980011, -0.014838360249996185, 0.07151187211275101, 0.0577063262462616, 0.03322553634643555, -0.0550110787153244, 0.0538247674703598, -0.055740438401699066, 0.046452462673187256, -0.047944214195013046, -0.020156793296337128, 0.08830705285072327, -0.033947743475437164, -0.051503896713256836, -0.02752102166414261, 0.025079848244786263, -0.023130597546696663, 0.02180020697414875, 0.0006212181760929525, -0.023634739220142365, 0.044949792325496674, 0.010146870277822018, -0.02515251934528351, 0.009634827263653278, 0.010483638383448124, 0.0021488075144588947, -0.010249928571283817, -0.1017250195145607, -0.07543759047985077, 0.031588856130838394, -0.009638425894081593, -0.0011872918112203479, -0.022250857204198837, -0.00372351985424757, 0.0024463466834276915, -0.010628774762153625, 0.030696090310811996, 0.04218029975891113, -0.020776836201548576, 0.011030678637325764, 0.05495719984173775, 0.00953659787774086, 0.005960557144135237, -0.017901763319969177, 0.06421361118555069, 0.0002513617801014334, 0.023666882887482643, 0.0034145235549658537, 0.008470661006867886, -0.012543532997369766, 0.03915486857295036, -0.001625241944566369, -0.005027557723224163, 0.022287307307124138, 0.026720445603132248, 0.022621048614382744, 0.018320463597774506, -0.008747276850044727, -0.010490477085113525, 0.014193011447787285, 0.01104272436350584, -0.03875020891427994, 0.022579699754714966, 0.048234157264232635, -0.011994383297860622, 0.03418391942977905, -0.010149763897061348, 0.038615379482507706, 0.006082755979150534, 0.019747352227568626, 0.05961108207702637, -0.05899616703391075, 0.025421015918254852, -0.009304379113018513, -0.011753734201192856, 0.021084312349557877, 0.10475849360227585, -0.044208500534296036, -0.025834959000349045, 0.03546439856290817, 0.03357549384236336, -0.0003577987081371248, 0.010112525895237923, -0.019266782328486443, -0.001584632322192192, -0.09747292101383209, 0.0022173570469021797, 0.044811833649873734, -0.025127720087766647, 0.0318714901804924, -0.007779527921229601, 0.008263474330306053, 0.022693702951073647, -0.027245299890637398, 0.014905894175171852, -0.03736501559615135, 0.04046400636434555, -0.005587445572018623, 0.015488194301724434, -0.02711998112499714, 0.011434509418904781, -0.05107882246375084, -0.055812835693359375, -0.012126770801842213, 0.023793838918209076, 0.02735823020339012, -0.03754536062479019, 0.007088547572493553, 0.006411977577954531, -0.043535266071558, -0.0035209651105105877, -0.05961773917078972, -0.004753544460982084, 0.005330882966518402, 0.0036418919917196035, 0.006289210636168718, 0.04749967157840729, -0.036766115576028824, 0.060769591480493546, 0.022068621590733528, 0.02635590173304081, 0.06012442708015442, 0.03886942192912102, 0.017196282744407654, -0.03165418654680252, -0.025349827483296394, 0.017747923731803894, -0.03250233083963394, 0.0014804466627538204, 0.09961535781621933, 0.02936095930635929, 0.06440528482198715, -0.02858457714319229, -0.01163717545568943, 0.03839626535773277, 0.06921105831861496, 0.04365655779838562, 0.051031265407800674, -0.019611261785030365, -0.031592268496751785, 0.07261139154434204, -0.04145170748233795, -0.005599010270088911, -0.0012306816643103957, -0.04930553585290909, 0.005781159736216068, 0.02211349457502365, 0.00933896191418171, 0.03753509745001793, 0.014612828381359577, 0.001621323637664318, 0.008405998349189758, -0.02858663909137249, 0.015532529912889004, 0.06319452077150345, 0.02878010831773281, -0.03024406172335148, 0.003236931748688221, -0.030020086094737053, -0.007551528513431549, -0.060184676200151443, 0.01626032218337059, 0.021503765136003494, -0.03939667344093323, -0.028915075585246086, 0.04338373988866806, 0.0018692007288336754, 0.007124215364456177, -0.0652945414185524, -0.010855681262910366, 0.033923860639333725, -0.012414825148880482, -0.03405436500906944, -0.049495454877614975, -0.03471178188920021, 0.002505300333723426, 0.02583969011902809, 0.0759342759847641, -0.010753164999186993, -0.05793865770101547, 0.007360586430877447, -0.04006744548678398, -0.06340141594409943, -0.0036029964685440063, -0.014146975241601467, -0.038174644112586975, 0.00883227214217186, 0.017824631184339523, 0.06156543269753456, -0.0036509190686047077, -0.04674435406923294, -0.027243565768003464, -0.06623409688472748, 0.021596098318696022, -0.0015865849563851953, -0.03414321318268776, -0.0235529076308012, -0.007406695745885372, -0.05547080561518669, -0.0131850466132164, -0.005317743867635727, -0.021244172006845474, 0.030985917896032333, 0.02236950770020485, 0.0789259597659111, 0.022987212985754013, 0.027561943978071213, 0.026436856016516685, 0.02421713061630726, 0.0063534448854625225, 0.006292589008808136, -0.08343226462602615, 0.03937887027859688, -0.0067866151221096516, -0.01334405317902565, 0.03393520414829254, 0.03744679316878319, -0.003965291194617748, -0.010551323182880878, 0.014616177417337894, 0.010981266386806965, 0.013250592164695263, 0.02216007560491562, 0.060288794338703156, 0.09480919688940048, 0.03070584498345852, 0.014232490211725235, -0.009534889832139015, -0.05443660542368889, 0.014972575008869171, 0.033393457531929016, 0.02448049746453762, -0.06940176337957382, -0.03376662731170654, 0.013090179301798344, 0.01665915735065937, 0.0009181610657833517, -0.000039556056435685605, -0.005519229453057051, -0.018187282606959343, 0.03453168645501137, -0.028367187827825546, -0.017305463552474976, 0.04204306751489639, -0.039769917726516724, 0.03715982660651207, -0.0381191149353981, -0.01835348829627037, 0.02967800572514534, 0.002641283441334963, 0.0016842788318172097, -0.005603928118944168, -0.030489813536405563, -0.0482574962079525, 0.03250718116760254, -0.01989755406975746, -0.007350685074925423, -0.009522633627057076, 0.004438284784555435, 0.0380362793803215, 0.046730753034353256, -0.025267481803894043, -0.051184941083192825, -0.01674336940050125, 0.001025770790874958, -0.032255228608846664, 0.029333505779504776, -0.048205967992544174, -0.005065875593572855, -0.023672113195061684, -0.02061551809310913, -0.030825208872556686, -0.004300554282963276, 0.04527132958173752, 0.0030902863945811987, 0.013641574420034885, 0.05681609734892845, 0.015055477619171143, -0.029075482860207558, -0.07581255584955215 ]
<p>On pp 103 - 105 of <em>The Character of Physical Law</em>, Feynman draws this diagram to demonstrate that invariance under spatial translation leads to conservation of momentum:</p> <p><img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/BrYgE.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></p> <p>To paraphrase Feynman's argument (if I understand it correctly), a particle's trajectory is the path AB. Space is horizontal; time vertical. </p> <p>Because of spatial translation symmetry, the path CD has the same action as AB. Because AB has stationary action, ACDB has the same action as well.</p> <p>That means the action of AC and BD are the same. (Note that they are traversed in opposite directions on the path ACDB.) This is a conserved quantity, and it turns out to be the momentum.</p> <p>My question is about the meaning of the action of AC and BD. These paths aren't physical trajectories; they represent infinite velocity. I tried thinking of the trajectory as if the velocity, as a function of time, has two delta functions in it. However, because the Lagrangian depends on $v^2$, I think this leads to infinite action for the horizontal segments.</p> <p>Mathematically, I see that the symmetry here implies $\frac{\partial L}{\partial x} = 0$. Least action implies $\frac{\partial L}{\partial x} = \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}t}\frac{\partial L}{\partial \dot{x}}$. Combining these shows that the momentum $\frac{\partial L}{\partial \dot{x}}$ is constant, but I don't quite understand the connection to the picture.</p> <p>Also, Feynman doesn't describe how he knows the conserved quantity is the momentum. Is there a way to get this from the picture? Finally, if momentum is being conserved, why isn't the trajectory a straight line?</p>
g4554
[ 0.059791501611471176, -0.030822347849607468, -0.019119182601571083, -0.0005215650890022516, 0.10539853572845459, 0.039764195680618286, 0.08763712644577026, 0.035561032593250275, -0.051644254475831985, -0.030848097056150436, 0.003034146036952734, -0.009208166971802711, -0.010180968791246414, -0.023558521643280983, 0.001976239960640669, 0.007975064218044281, 0.015460778959095478, 0.005745351780205965, 0.052614446729421616, -0.017631778493523598, -0.022265160456299782, 0.027159320190548897, -0.012236364185810089, 0.00009352870256407186, 0.018544582650065422, -0.04035525768995285, 0.0366935059428215, -0.03422261402010918, -0.0838753804564476, -0.028171470388770103, 0.03359508514404297, 0.007857969962060452, 0.04032847285270691, -0.04542430117726326, -0.06054231896996498, -0.050257302820682526, 0.046761639416217804, -0.006278602872043848, 0.050621405243873596, 0.03890245035290718, 0.0372503437101841, -0.020886341109871864, -0.022606978192925453, -0.0001747636270010844, 0.02428295649588108, -0.023493202403187752, -0.0599207803606987, -0.057936958968639374, -0.06153549998998642, -0.010032884776592255, -0.004724367521703243, 0.0254343394190073, -0.0077693709172308445, 0.0006026951596140862, 0.019459843635559082, 0.033316630870103836, 0.04669132083654404, -0.03814498335123062, -0.01288587599992752, 0.03158969432115555, 0.0115324342623353, -0.013707817532122135, 0.010901419445872307, 0.0386231429874897, 0.08588089793920517, -0.07799173891544342, -0.06913059949874878, -0.032745569944381714, -0.013182410970330238, -0.010437246412038803, 0.04952139034867287, -0.05273783951997757, -0.004500989336520433, -0.012506854720413685, 0.026272201910614967, 0.005650968290865421, -0.03116060234606266, -0.01933259144425392, 0.042320266366004944, -0.02827964536845684, -0.09037423878908157, 0.01376801822334528, -0.0017902982654049993, 0.057256270200014114, 0.09016866981983185, 0.011788069270551205, -0.008266638033092022, 0.0041845254600048065, -0.06512197107076645, -0.017431151121854782, 0.003729891963303089, -0.03483162447810173, 0.029871314764022827, 0.025097794830799103, -0.04512671381235123, -0.03802856057882309, -0.042265187948942184, 0.04123837500810623, -0.004443219862878323, -0.02691044844686985, -0.03610474616289139, 0.001334114815108478, -0.02567761205136776, 0.0005249562673270702, 0.05271805822849274, 0.00047611535410396755, 0.03441929444670677, 0.023571934551000595, -0.002252725185826421, 0.005722359288483858, 0.011273892596364021, -0.07060854882001877, -0.06294478476047516, -0.002501989947631955, -0.024356883019208908, -0.0179765447974205, 0.054023150354623795, -0.020981473848223686, 0.008065763860940933, 0.07545433938503265, 0.03000614419579506, -0.012961553409695625, -0.00352921849116683, 0.028294071555137634, -0.020620018243789673, 0.02285456284880638, -0.06614872813224792, 0.01145199779421091, 0.045298296958208084, 0.018546270206570625, -0.0036312087904661894, -0.013494114391505718, 0.014369762502610683, 0.04596901312470436, -0.005819389596581459, -0.007700280752032995, -0.001630206941626966, 0.055514413863420486, 0.017669910565018654, 0.01197310071438551, -0.0027233122382313013, 0.004843251314014196, -0.007050598505884409, 0.008785557001829147, -0.028543030843138695, 0.04614955186843872, -0.03390096127986908, -0.010501998476684093, 0.03229307383298874, -0.04845605045557022, 0.003899946575984359, 0.11027567833662033, 0.013419470749795437, 0.0064237406477332115, 0.017154935747385025, -0.059495165944099426, 0.11457014828920364, 0.04368165507912636, -0.038799066096544266, 0.0007584867416881025, 0.05861072987318039, 0.038854945451021194, 0.04492265358567238, -0.04470203444361687, -0.08009140193462372, -0.025588562712073326, 0.012839037925004959, -0.07272103428840637, 0.01854380965232849, -0.05438818037509918, -0.0813184306025505, 0.02871032804250717, 0.025723082944750786, 0.07217071205377579, -0.003863008925691247, 0.01660413295030594, -0.0953483060002327, -0.011957604438066483, 0.029955048114061356, -0.06685740500688553, -0.040833890438079834, 0.009216997772455215, 0.06428582221269608, 0.02724272944033146, 0.002888676943257451, 0.02968773990869522, 0.009999707341194153, 0.0354444719851017, -0.03619597107172012, -0.0527803972363472, 0.02670450136065483, 0.009728936478495598, -0.041335783898830414, 0.03985600173473358, 0.007659948896616697, -0.013582242652773857, 0.005765638314187527, -0.03585520014166832, -0.0892505943775177, 0.008108772337436676, -0.0024844943545758724, 0.029020458459854126, 0.06409618258476257, 0.00474808644503355, 0.024892771616578102, 0.04067060351371765, -0.025973891839385033, -0.009344825521111488, 0.012076550163328648, 0.030798600986599922, 0.05153505504131317, -0.006314560770988464, -0.012918077409267426, -0.02219998463988304, 0.014780811965465546, -0.02758210152387619, -0.0033925906755030155, 0.028465580195188522, -0.04183018207550049, -0.013942716643214226, -0.0300277266651392, -0.05657791718840599, 0.01829966902732849, -0.01285786833614111, -0.041057392954826355, 0.04070983827114105, -0.03590768203139305, -0.02508717216551304, -0.011858828365802765, 0.050617799162864685, -0.022726694121956825, 0.0017710948595777154, -0.039120741188526154, -0.0006748448358848691, 0.023585906252264977, -0.032048385590314865, 0.006358913145959377, 0.029420863837003708, 0.024116424843668938, 0.02742943912744522, 0.04094870388507843, 0.008004507049918175, 0.0004269665223546326, -0.026845352724194527, 0.07635845988988876, 0.013721272349357605, 0.03860751911997795, 0.032402049750089645, -0.011096091940999031, 0.030678143724799156, 0.013319386169314384, 0.017824295908212662, 0.021236004307866096, -0.001842871424742043, 0.024588245898485184, -0.004735197871923447, 0.011702173389494419, 0.010990873910486698, -0.027376292273402214, -0.048665229231119156, -0.0005409404984675348, -0.04415342956781387, -0.012861578725278378, 0.03888298198580742, -0.05250175669789314, -0.010867428965866566, -0.003579697571694851, 0.05004579573869705, 0.051199592649936676, -0.00028904585633426905, -0.015974853187799454, 0.08244495838880539, -0.037599582225084305, 0.037254851311445236, -0.023776303976774216, -0.0044722165912389755, 0.0535750538110733, -0.014974243938922882, 0.0031262622214853764, -0.01356713380664587, -0.007215413730591536, 0.03531433641910553, -0.04511647671461105, 0.0245856661349535, 0.1158367395401001, 0.003128943732008338, -0.022611742839217186, 0.012412882409989834, -0.030169473960995674, 0.04512950778007507, -0.0445987693965435, 0.0034026664216071367, 0.05505847558379173, -0.004719321615993977, -0.022279798984527588, 0.017236201092600822, 0.015181725844740868, -0.05650452896952629, -0.021006187424063683, -0.04723413661122322, -0.0391569621860981, -0.00899758841842413, 0.009251770563423634, 0.035213809460401535, 0.016918761655688286, 0.04681564122438431, -0.07031693309545517, -0.025634774938225746, -0.008160716854035854, 0.02707616053521633, -0.0029951101168990135, 0.04991401359438896, -0.06437209993600845, -0.047076109796762466, -0.0076681808568537235, -0.026585420593619347, -0.04610617086291313, 0.003273945301771164, 0.000801424088422209, 0.04602484777569771, -0.04240145534276962, -0.04107401892542839, 0.005994938313961029, -0.015360305085778236, 0.045036330819129944, -0.02868243120610714, -0.06013171002268791, -0.00785705354064703, -0.03285893052816391, -0.03808555006980896, -0.044136546552181244, -0.005362230818718672, 0.0119393989443779, 0.00793064758181572, -0.0018037132686004043, -0.03245486691594124, -0.07714749872684479, -0.01366762351244688, 0.06006293371319771, -0.06804945319890976, 0.008465183898806572, -0.030026065185666084, -0.05047750100493431, 0.014813206158578396, 0.030805042013525963, -0.009427213110029697, 0.0254889577627182, 0.04649671912193298, 0.04145156592130661, 0.0011008414439857006, 0.02515137568116188, -0.020843561738729477, 0.005223346408456564, 0.0036840392276644707, -0.01928844302892685, 0.0602099746465683, 0.027931101620197296, 0.0424480214715004, -0.002898820675909519, -0.022088203579187393, -0.020968357101082802, -0.0006990236579440534, -0.029353130608797073, 0.03363838046789169, -0.012170642614364624, 0.04363381862640381, -0.05357545614242554, -0.017734341323375702, 0.04048847407102585, 0.030164014548063278, 0.0010018645552918315, -0.07199997454881668, -0.04511535167694092, 0.018340233713388443, 0.006148754619061947, -0.011781236156821251, -0.010154970921576023, -0.014212369918823242, -0.06910993158817291, 0.027945732697844505, 0.010365797206759453, 0.06320308893918991, 0.03567167744040489, 0.030120601877570152, 0.03934277221560478, 0.06833270937204361, -0.030766842886805534, 0.06867817789316177, 0.02708883211016655, -0.0040379962883889675, 0.04540267959237099, -0.036751940846443176, 0.017500417307019234, -0.06673689931631088, 0.04072458669543266, 0.03268570080399513, 0.012937380000948906, 0.013328485190868378, -0.02277912199497223, -0.020362569019198418, -0.03724685311317444, -0.0004332262324169278, -0.009896787814795971, 0.011758621782064438, -0.013787521980702877, 0.037100788205862045, 0.036519501358270645, -0.04916023463010788, 0.028221718966960907, -0.023112522438168526, 0.020407432690262794, -0.012813655659556389, 0.008050616830587387, -0.043923571705818176, -0.032247867435216904, 0.035308148711919785, -0.05742217227816582, -0.049283161759376526, 0.004654522053897381, -0.004086489323526621, 0.09922568500041962, 0.0437166765332222, 0.04830401763319969, -0.036844417452812195, 0.026397857815027237, 0.021810542792081833, 0.061367250978946686, -0.028149591758847237, -0.03309956192970276, -0.02959868684411049, 0.0027858407702296972, 0.04144997522234917, 0.004317435435950756, 0.013612832874059677, -0.06102081760764122, 0.03251596540212631, -0.02485019527375698, 0.01028249692171812, 0.037170857191085815, 0.0863310843706131, 0.06915412098169327, -0.01129408460110426, 0.009248888120055199, -0.02655484899878502, -0.04471205547451973, 0.03959262743592262, 0.03753812238574028, -0.063395656645298, -0.009543134830892086, -0.031322408467531204, 0.009379731491208076, 0.07896235585212708, -0.007382340729236603, -0.06776449084281921, 0.039550259709358215, -0.021032892167568207, -0.039440613240003586, 0.020603777840733528, 0.059344641864299774, -0.011097872629761696, -0.11671391874551773, 0.018142519518733025, 0.009440065361559391, -0.02487809956073761, 0.026698149740695953, 0.0033733618911355734, -0.01742531917989254, 0.044376324862241745, -0.03594852238893509, -0.037208665162324905, 0.04408815875649452, 0.028926195576786995, 0.004960926249623299, -0.018166206777095795, 0.03193717077374458, -0.022565871477127075, -0.00150057312566787, 0.02538466826081276, 0.009076200425624847, -0.045829422771930695, -0.02841530740261078, 0.0037332421634346247, 0.025094665586948395, 0.0015476858243346214, 0.004608002491295338, -0.016583152115345, -0.03489415720105171, -0.014066418632864952, -0.006968370638787746, -0.05117855593562126, 0.017046963796019554, -0.015234623104333878, 0.028456781059503555, 0.014657694846391678, 0.0019006585935130715, -0.026100782677531242, 0.007723327726125717, 0.0011824289103969932, -0.019953100010752678, -0.009534088894724846, -0.05169379711151123, -0.044761206954717636, 0.014105679467320442, -0.040254510939121246, 0.007414508610963821, 0.05649837478995323, 0.022108983248472214, 0.025588709861040115, -0.07101192325353622, -0.013988735154271126, -0.01722644828259945, 0.011776208877563477, -0.027119258418679237, -0.004162950441241264, 0.011426430195569992, 0.00381109188310802, 0.03734381124377251, -0.011656718328595161, -0.03584682196378708, -0.018033625558018684, 0.03091019205749035, 0.05066695436835289, 0.014551910571753979, -0.05810097977519035, 0.06450632214546204, 0.005095642991364002, -0.049788348376750946, -0.04233032837510109, 0.00686689792200923, 0.08728711307048798, 0.011625879444181919, 0.0018170690163969994, 0.013772550970315933, -0.0021858359687030315, -0.07032101601362228, -0.06524381041526794, 0.005600968841463327, -0.03317531943321228, 0.046028632670640945, -0.00012641519424505532, -0.03244411572813988, -0.05423090234398842, -0.01156469527631998, 0.07962707430124283, -0.025837751105427742, 0.008766679093241692, -0.019070608541369438, -0.03871910646557808, -0.022737352177500725, -0.009786990471184254, -0.04107608646154404, 0.027325714007019997, -0.02928077057003975, -0.058346156030893326, -0.022339409217238426, 0.005957505665719509, -0.05167591571807861, 0.00899827666580677, -0.012970306910574436, -0.0010866186348721385, 0.05899342894554138, 0.06261637806892395, 0.02177434042096138, -0.026510436087846756, 0.006985742598772049, -0.027758963406085968, 0.011415974237024784, 0.03632780909538269, 0.05437956377863884, 0.0487339124083519, -0.0006451485096476972, 0.03757550194859505, -0.01964518055319786, 0.08724094182252884, 0.032746125012636185, 0.012443851679563522, -0.05370275303721428, -0.06421411782503128, -0.09401588141918182, -0.010882854461669922, 0.023687023669481277, 0.012077635154128075, 0.058316148817539215, -0.022964615374803543, -0.057657815515995026, 0.03627324849367142, -0.040836580097675323, -0.05545782297849655, 0.051237791776657104, 0.030301693826913834, -0.05371929332613945, 0.026018794625997543, -0.027362415567040443, 0.021750710904598236, -0.0009298187796957791, 0.005100773181766272, 0.02060113474726677, -0.04347294196486473, -0.05677783861756325, 0.0020240156445652246, 0.018360882997512817, 0.01952272653579712, -0.039485156536102295, -0.03687960281968117, -0.022609174251556396, 0.06500895321369171, -0.03136845678091049, -0.00516677089035511, 0.007758237887173891, -0.007417644374072552, -0.004262979608029127, 0.039495594799518585, -0.021243011578917503, 0.03798185661435127, -0.004877616185694933, 0.014296053908765316, -0.01104780100286007, 0.031315017491579056, -0.02893061935901642, 0.0061730085872113705, 0.0013673941139131784, -0.0008973887306638062, -0.04240569844841957, -0.014078614301979542, 0.0685734823346138, 0.02756344899535179, -0.026311667636036873, 0.06320804357528687, 0.010747828520834446, 0.050420235842466354, -0.013423016294836998, 0.056695811450481415, 0.005493551027029753, 0.0306435264647007, 0.025613034144043922, 0.05840572342276573, -0.0426165871322155, 0.032160334289073944, 0.02653229609131813, 0.005516294855624437, -0.032897960394620895, -0.020765116438269615, 0.04539310932159424, 0.012745519168674946, -0.060715414583683014, 0.020398836582899094, 0.008253413252532482, -0.03337627649307251, -0.0781719759106636, -0.007886557839810848, -0.0171686802059412, 0.02008112706243992, -0.032588399946689606, 0.029022252187132835, -0.008072971366345882, -0.01630556397140026, -0.03467969968914986, 0.027352362871170044, 0.020368512719869614, -0.06594093143939972, -0.0093345632776618, -0.03632093593478203, 0.027265286073088646, -0.03731158375740051, 0.01977427862584591, 0.028771858662366867, -0.03612852096557617, -0.045526351779699326, 0.026301754638552666, -0.023487618193030357, -0.01610845886170864, -0.019431376829743385, 0.019483335316181183, 0.05759552866220474, 0.006914365570992231, 0.03590497747063637, 0.01790154166519642, 0.039649732410907745, -0.06199773773550987, 0.011917040683329105, 0.011693990789353848, 0.03414127975702286, -0.014703713357448578, -0.05457058176398277, -0.02515813522040844, -0.009803155437111855, -0.019757749512791634, 0.023623814806342125, -0.047798145562410355, -0.03342922776937485, -0.046027764678001404, -0.012839632108807564, 0.01086624525487423, -0.02689334563910961, 0.0222237017005682, 0.01001515332609415, 0.053102780133485794, 0.04467947781085968, -0.017269650474190712, 0.02292291261255741, 0.046197496354579926, -0.025833792984485626, 0.044656626880168915, 0.048743609338998795, 0.050660017877817154, -0.04261181131005287, 0.01463274285197258, -0.04423287883400917, -0.018573768436908722, -0.006926444359123707, -0.00506706302985549, 0.017915235832333565, 0.02378731034696102, 0.010174408555030823, 0.021187450736761093, 0.015545642003417015, -0.011176526546478271, -0.0008280425681732595, 0.014844778925180435, 0.0087574552744627, 0.025602051988244057, -0.003434366313740611, -0.011720857582986355, -0.08850689977407455, -0.037301916629076004, -0.026172330603003502, -0.005494368728250265, -0.011619099415838718, 0.022828539833426476, 0.002790930913761258, -0.022386547178030014, -0.014654393307864666, -0.027351897209882736, 0.011686432175338268, -0.010137701407074928, -0.002864993177354336, -0.010240147821605206, -0.007118762470781803, -0.006870674435049295, 0.017655596137046814, 0.011749781668186188, -0.05731174349784851, 0.00002845274684659671, 0.013111636973917484, -0.03186669945716858, -0.02409241907298565, -0.0035126639995723963, 0.009721769951283932, 0.029526229947805405, -0.013063781894743443, 0.07748334854841232, 0.0347227044403553, -0.006674634292721748, 0.006467445753514767, -0.008555877953767776, 0.0020622077863663435, 0.032244179397821426, 0.012416365556418896, 0.048630598932504654, 0.05690915882587433, -0.008096573874354362, -0.005769610870629549, 0.02049444429576397, -0.01944803074002266, -0.054268233478069305, -0.017999054864048958, -0.059923090040683746, 0.03670995682477951 ]
<p>Imagine a vertical pipe (both ends opened) in the water. Drop several ping-pong balls into pipe and cover them with a cylinder. When you have enough balls, the cylinder will float. Now start adding weight into the top of a cylinder, and simultaneously start adding ping-pong balls via the bottom of pipe, to compensate the increasing weight. </p> <p><img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/Y3ZOT.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></p> <p>At the some weight (and balls columng height) the topmost row of balls start crunching due the buoyancy pressure. <a href="http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/8846/how-deep-in-the-ocean-can-a-ping-pong-ball-go-before-it-collapses-due-to-pressur">In this question</a> @mms <a href="http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/8846/how-deep-in-the-ocean-can-a-ping-pong-ball-go-before-it-collapses-due-to-pressur/8851#8851">answered</a> than one ping-pong ball can withstand 3 atmosphere pressure.</p> <p>The question is: how to approximate the maximum heigh of ball column (or maximum weight is possible float) for the pipe radius "R" before the topmost row of balls start crunching?</p> <p>Or, maybe will start crunching not the topmost row, but somewhere else because the sum of buoyancy pressure (from the balls bellow) and water pressure will be more the 3atm. How to determine?</p>
g4555
[ 0.04163118824362755, 0.012277464382350445, -0.005671103484928608, -0.03879091516137123, 0.0644313246011734, 0.07052034139633179, 0.0283126812428236, -0.015289164148271084, -0.12582501769065857, -0.006536722648888826, -0.10278373956680298, 0.01261601597070694, 0.015867745503783226, -0.03548363968729973, 0.03391154110431671, 0.0006836348329670727, 0.02041228674352169, -0.07152517139911652, -0.009781090542674065, -0.059258099645376205, -0.026889486238360405, 0.0038362503983080387, -0.011753063648939133, -0.036126814782619476, -0.09176304936408997, -0.0036075706593692303, -0.012814206071197987, 0.011128883808851242, -0.05939001962542534, -0.0061323330737650394, -0.031846046447753906, 0.01937350630760193, -0.029581794515252113, -0.06027628481388092, 0.03077814355492592, -0.037445466965436935, 0.007429135497659445, -0.03872472047805786, -0.03795705363154411, -0.015576876699924469, -0.036534663289785385, -0.05744583532214165, 0.06827853620052338, 0.02967059053480625, -0.04633098840713501, -0.026636717841029167, 0.014904345385730267, 0.04165883734822273, -0.006879413966089487, -0.06365392357110977, 0.025219205766916275, -0.007369504310190678, -0.05687481537461281, -0.038493625819683075, -0.03826380521059036, 0.043222442269325256, 0.019474128261208534, -0.02688066102564335, 0.04732702299952507, 0.04578714072704315, -0.043265797197818756, 0.038883060216903687, -0.04006480798125267, -0.02211163192987442, 0.0449497252702713, 0.006457707844674587, -0.07973998785018921, -0.03447645157575607, 0.012684532441198826, -0.0010726924519985914, 0.08347953855991364, -0.05074998736381531, 0.010988526977598667, -0.03650198131799698, -0.09361641854047775, 0.015248413197696209, -0.04851572960615158, 0.007731591816991568, 0.027926713228225708, -0.029562966898083687, 0.024481886997818947, 0.042767029255628586, 0.0016588406870141625, -0.01274571567773819, 0.0056611886247992516, -0.023687362670898438, -0.020432496443390846, -0.04517969861626625, -0.05781680718064308, 0.03589017316699028, -0.0550839863717556, -0.02709284797310829, 0.08543650060892105, 0.02701914869248867, 0.0343715138733387, -0.02585061453282833, -0.020786244422197342, 0.06153158098459244, 0.006779637653380632, 0.0034199864603579044, -0.0009432685910724103, -0.017926998436450958, 0.03521928936243057, -0.042387619614601135, -0.04609982669353485, 0.03322965279221535, 0.08721587806940079, 0.026466989889740944, 0.03639713674783707, -0.01974022388458252, 0.0035662357695400715, -0.02750816009938717, -0.017470240592956543, -0.005245217587798834, -0.017397407442331314, -0.0030053851660341024, 0.07730401307344437, 0.07313699275255203, -0.01806590147316456, 0.09468337893486023, 0.04293471574783325, -0.01282489113509655, 0.08985322713851929, 0.015864429995417595, 0.0010624317219480872, 0.005969095975160599, 0.006643899716436863, 0.012464783154428005, 0.004392229486256838, -0.03684401512145996, -0.0020470116287469864, 0.03390078246593475, -0.022791093215346336, 0.0031768435146659613, -0.0058273617178201675, 0.014206882566213608, -0.051457565277814865, 0.032590337097644806, 0.020697886124253273, 0.0017192719969898462, -0.014024858362972736, 0.015268618240952492, -0.00003980238761869259, -0.00709943100810051, -0.007953674532473087, 0.018385721370577812, 0.03757118433713913, 0.017898283898830414, -0.02808898501098156, 0.03407548367977142, -0.012890360318124294, 0.00539975892752409, 0.00507351104170084, -0.03795638680458069, 0.07088013738393784, 0.032086893916130066, 0.0415598601102829, -0.015523658134043217, 0.06908321380615234, 0.04849695414304733, 0.02679387666285038, -0.021170388907194138, 0.012307274155318737, 0.025942690670490265, -0.025938132777810097, 0.07386532425880432, 0.005753047298640013, 0.030546726658940315, -0.07004692405462265, 0.0033032929059118032, -0.0666293054819107, -0.07020080834627151, 0.026959260925650597, 0.0015561137115582824, 0.019094867631793022, 0.034594349563121796, 0.026800863444805145, -0.03072853572666645, -0.009304235689342022, 0.023253047838807106, 0.07056071609258652, -0.021687041968107224, 0.015857292339205742, 0.03711247816681862, -0.01193855982273817, -0.020696114748716354, 0.028196806088089943, 0.035546720027923584, 0.005145807284861803, -0.03250013664364815, -0.0358719527721405, 0.007390306331217289, 0.050356220453977585, 0.0076761129312217236, 0.008029580116271973, -0.034075018018484116, 0.1223786473274231, -0.05148206278681755, -0.047432124614715576, 0.001154099591076374, 0.02792145498096943, -0.007982458919286728, 0.06896470487117767, -0.019376235082745552, -0.02403164654970169, 0.025676675140857697, -0.02494501695036888, 0.022763364017009735, -0.011867852881550789, 0.04030666872859001, 0.023179473355412483, 0.00463399663567543, 0.033363599330186844, -0.00915110670030117, 0.009452586993575096, 0.07144470512866974, -0.04315416142344475, 0.041924331337213516, -0.05039476603269577, 0.048297490924596786, 0.0158127099275589, 0.010994309559464455, -0.005076573230326176, -0.009905758313834667, -0.004689972847700119, -0.036575738340616226, 0.021698661148548126, -0.014497444033622742, 0.003971701953560114, 0.0015389459440484643, -0.0077903843484818935, -0.014558031223714352, 0.01084174495190382, -0.021009251475334167, 0.06030764803290367, 0.005320986267179251, -0.018526488915085793, 0.03146950900554657, 0.020408442243933678, 0.029270639643073082, 0.035378627479076385, 0.034718550741672516, -0.043247122317552567, 0.008706171996891499, 0.014226026833057404, 0.004735592752695084, -0.03097953274846077, -0.02943035587668419, 0.0035412830766290426, 0.08386722207069397, -0.018998343497514725, -0.028329288586974144, -0.0024705491960048676, 0.021117279306054115, 0.01562703400850296, -0.02481161057949066, -0.01996884122490883, 0.05383218824863434, -0.019307592883706093, -0.04873320087790489, -0.00963222049176693, -0.018852844834327698, -0.011845726519823074, 0.011744325049221516, -0.059284426271915436, 0.002356274053454399, -0.06784180551767349, -0.06091669574379921, 0.017898553982377052, 0.0489499494433403, -0.08252556622028351, 0.0233028382062912, 0.0349746011197567, 0.036290235817432404, 0.019279994070529938, 0.021950654685497284, -0.0006936687859706581, 0.03196074441075325, 0.030723562464118004, -0.03293223679065704, -0.01245053205639124, 0.02584684267640114, -0.05826501175761223, -0.006324308924376965, 0.06484803557395935, -0.031118668615818024, 0.007108204998075962, 0.0063309441320598125, -0.017896972596645355, 0.030017169192433357, 0.024360090494155884, -0.011446846649050713, 0.013726061210036278, 0.04999691992998123, 0.027903884649276733, 0.08230212330818176, 0.036756545305252075, 0.046014703810214996, 0.04261546954512596, 0.025179045274853706, -0.010805039666593075, -0.03381701558828354, -0.016269782558083534, 0.009492326527833939, 0.009537425823509693, 0.058904100209474564, 0.0032461700029671192, -0.013780368492007256, -0.0017910852329805493, 0.016226472333073616, -0.028589051216840744, 0.011425330303609371, 0.0223751962184906, 0.018934933468699455, -0.06258392333984375, -0.017732394859194756, 0.029535533860325813, 0.010507258586585522, -0.01690744049847126, -0.01053390558809042, -0.0688050240278244, -0.018645936623215675, -0.006860172376036644, -0.009880845434963703, -0.04346996918320656, 0.028441980481147766, -0.005646578501909971, -0.012550371699035168, -0.05150043964385986, -0.028243085369467735, 0.031476836651563644, 0.0005420275847427547, -0.007969798520207405, -0.04497108608484268, 0.010558830574154854, -0.030336668714880943, 0.0722624659538269, 0.006014189217239618, 0.030987560749053955, -0.013569471426308155, -0.04557590186595917, -0.034699130803346634, 0.015957456082105637, -0.03298725187778473, -0.02147752232849598, 0.004692131653428078, -0.0006033760728314519, 0.008051165379583836, 0.016436465084552765, -0.021162964403629303, 0.042215362191200256, -0.004929092712700367, -0.0029900853987783194, -0.022981155663728714, 0.02995564229786396, 0.016838690266013145, 0.04481926187872887, 0.04022151604294777, -0.05868276581168175, 0.009707299992442131, 0.0062088738195598125, -0.015811629593372345, 0.01693062297999859, 0.06638514250516891, -0.020364556461572647, -0.022128518670797348, -0.04209272563457489, 0.013250229880213737, -0.03634980320930481, 0.024635888636112213, 0.009189069271087646, -0.030356571078300476, -0.0023558479733765125, -0.011598714627325535, 0.03160308673977852, -0.06288973987102509, -0.014468356035649776, 0.0025812347885221243, 0.009836816228926182, 0.017057469114661217, 0.03156101331114769, 0.005924535449594259, 0.03555655479431152, -0.022191442549228668, -0.041802454739809036, 0.0629221498966217, -0.010881896130740643, -0.008968769572675228, -0.0010905459057539701, -0.025717303156852722, -0.0005795748438686132, -0.04066875949501991, -0.02836676314473152, 0.015633923932909966, 0.06322335451841354, -0.008888031356036663, -0.0029089206364005804, 0.0099730109795928, -0.022020526230335236, 0.018053151667118073, -0.0019460372859612107, 0.011195537634193897, 0.029207736253738403, 0.0036871822085231543, -0.03830484300851822, -0.02688705176115036, 0.06709350645542145, -0.023454463109374046, -0.054512377828359604, -0.022127505391836166, 0.022230207920074463, 0.013473316095769405, -0.017938124015927315, -0.019777238368988037, 0.016411611810326576, -0.035214103758335114, 0.02818874642252922, 0.03605502098798752, -0.009899068623781204, -0.006826875265687704, 0.03016328066587448, -0.002220027381554246, -0.028181305155158043, -0.06837758421897888, -0.06266602128744125, 0.005936298985034227, -0.04284219443798065, 0.01982983946800232, 0.034931547939777374, 0.022620713338255882, -0.015413309447467327, -0.00005768908522441052, 0.009722346439957619, 0.045806191861629486, 0.04382742941379547, 0.020363373681902885, 0.024832723662257195, -0.004070843569934368, 0.01047783624380827, -0.01092133205384016, 0.03007822483778, -0.0355985164642334, -0.03985555097460747, 0.04198651388287544, 0.06128624826669693, 0.07614127546548843, -0.03522687032818794, -0.04408266767859459, 0.04625244811177254, 0.023929474875330925, 0.020554115995764732, -0.04433097690343857, 0.0007864561630412936, -0.021896973252296448, -0.011294427327811718, -0.026520434767007828, 0.027427131310105324, 0.01845376193523407, -0.02473822794854641, -0.03903171420097351, -0.0006543885683640838, -0.00011730979167623445, -0.05579552799463272, -0.010991406626999378, -0.007907809689640999, -0.04774260148406029, -0.026507040485739708, -0.04783676937222481, 0.009605550207197666, 0.03048940747976303, 0.0005423662369139493, 0.018261849880218506, 0.032882194966077805, 0.06578001379966736, 0.004434052389115095, 0.01702200248837471, 0.020013846457004547, 0.011760247871279716, 0.09990150481462479, -0.10175676643848419, 0.03315933048725128, 0.023019984364509583, -0.0978853777050972, 0.014677849598228931, -0.01890423521399498, 0.026007477194070816, -0.03637821599841118, -0.03955285623669624, 0.020822875201702118, 0.09627155214548111, -0.01881798915565014, 0.02089601196348667, -0.01674971729516983, 0.05875273048877716, -0.036256901919841766, -0.06343353539705276, 0.021765820682048798, 0.012957620434463024, -0.000830707373097539, 0.009189947508275509, -0.049353357404470444, -0.036991190165281296, 0.04098616540431976, 0.0022624297998845577, -0.0547676607966423, 0.012323900125920773, 0.017215991392731667, 0.043927934020757675, 0.028206635266542435, 0.03036080300807953, 0.019305869936943054, 0.005453393794596195, 0.011540685780346394, -0.022567233070731163, 0.032691359519958496, -0.05354185402393341, 0.02986835688352585, 0.03631821274757385, -0.025947127491235733, 0.012059502303600311, 0.06641464680433273, -0.030214456841349602, 0.030146822333335876, 0.025701580569148064, -0.040052954107522964, 0.019800497218966484, -0.051592059433460236, -0.026072749868035316, 0.03247736021876335, -0.019980300217866898, 0.04009641706943512, -0.03712842985987663, 0.030316688120365143, -0.006124487146735191, -0.08610645681619644, -0.004232001956552267, 0.009932483546435833, -0.03928708657622337, 0.06883527338504791, 0.0008782046497799456, -0.04316994175314903, 0.016417935490608215, 0.03393837437033653, 0.07362382858991623, 0.01524374820291996, -0.017364148050546646, -0.11826308071613312, 0.045632313936948776, 0.04719598963856697, -0.022305117920041084, -0.0039434125646948814, 0.04009406641125679, -0.0478355847299099, 0.014299494214355946, 0.010555797256529331, -0.0004475275054574013, 0.04675092175602913, -0.02284971810877323, 0.00047568351146765053, -0.0017816915642470121, 0.030449479818344116, -0.05040043592453003, -0.020574238151311874, -0.00011196667037438601, -0.0014583944575861096, -0.022446272894740105, -0.04910312965512276, 0.030308613553643227, 0.03748304024338722, 0.02982875145971775, 0.00008486507431371137, -0.004704935010522604, 0.03805217519402504, 0.002096005715429783, 0.020260212942957878, 0.00008290106779895723, -0.014754103496670723, 0.03883998468518257, 0.008222698234021664, -0.02632671222090721, 0.0032779620960354805, 0.013059648685157299, 0.04179976135492325, -0.013623317703604698, 0.006252238526940346, 0.03952182084321976, -0.022331904619932175, -0.009115271270275116, 0.003109707497060299, -0.03147577866911888, -0.04959774762392044, -0.0024385147262364626, -0.01783410646021366, -0.043483488261699677, 0.03469015657901764, 0.006503465585410595, -0.02545853704214096, -0.010936370119452477, -0.036425430327653885, 0.05839117243885994, 0.019480599090456963, 0.03612612187862396, 0.01616288349032402, -0.046523090451955795, -0.006739952135831118, 0.016539117321372032, 0.014715004712343216, -0.04667074605822563, -0.030786048620939255, -0.008541141636669636, -0.0518624372780323, 0.01278654858469963, 0.06680106371641159, 0.0487249456346035, -0.02474800869822502, -0.03864134103059769, 0.06586400419473648, 0.005338409449905157, 0.00000905110027815681, -0.03179529309272766, 0.008858137764036655, -0.01217944361269474, 0.037282198667526245, -0.09014932066202164, 0.05047374963760376, -0.008793425746262074, 0.007552918046712875, -0.029100211337208748, 0.011701446026563644, -0.007746713701635599, 0.04234885796904564, 0.006371361203491688, 0.00029402473592199385, 0.02630162052810192, -0.025105148553848267, 0.08404146879911423, 0.04052020236849785, 0.016592251136898994, 0.007462913636118174, 0.05869888886809349, 0.03991235792636871, 0.040182601660490036, 0.02390243113040924, 0.01271277479827404, -0.057971447706222534, 0.029957715421915054, 0.0007465474773198366, -0.044479139149188995, 0.002560886088758707, 0.05127844586968422, -0.017643285915255547, -0.04223780706524849, -0.02952905185520649, 0.02827010676264763, -0.03027803637087345, -0.009857450611889362, 0.029369793832302094, -0.04522039741277695, 0.036694690585136414, 0.016301937401294708, -0.034221407026052475, -0.053891994059085846, 0.0013128999853506684, -0.04716144874691963, -0.008009389042854309, 0.010594206862151623, -0.031102636829018593, -0.0856858417391777, -0.029564768075942993, -0.023429380729794502, -0.002007392467930913, -0.024471092969179153, -0.07978153228759766, -0.0049986024387180805, 0.039814580231904984, -0.03034435771405697, -0.045883141458034515, -0.007566499058157206, -0.030830226838588715, 0.07836241275072098, -0.03077017515897751, -0.02198299765586853, -0.02141423709690571, -0.03692551329731941, 0.02078724466264248, 0.009290406480431557, 0.006089959293603897, 0.03249383717775345, 0.026928596198558807, 0.024451827630400658, -0.040577225387096405, 0.009944860823452473, -0.012037442997097969, -0.019029604271054268, -0.016737891361117363, 0.03761943057179451, 0.019676104187965393, -0.0018436717800796032, 0.04649614915251732, -0.013549097813665867, -0.026792066171765327, -0.03302866593003273, -0.011641431599855423, -0.05874808505177498, 0.025207605212926865, -0.012922550551593304, -0.05124766752123833, 0.025044914335012436, -0.017028095200657845, -0.027277609333395958, -0.006584225222468376, 0.07083456218242645, -0.019467193633317947, -0.060013704001903534, -0.00699811102822423, 0.036712393164634705, -0.0463910810649395, 0.00929737277328968, 0.006748687010258436, 0.009020970202982426, -0.07562771439552307, 0.011829664930701256, 0.003213682444766164, -0.07603028416633606, -0.031096672639250755, -0.03821209818124771, -0.016565892845392227, 0.025837624445557594, -0.05638830363750458, -0.010016954503953457, -0.019844597205519676, -0.08010897785425186, -0.05553572624921799, 0.029581788927316666, 0.01934536173939705, 0.03330781310796738, -0.035343755036592484, 0.06653086096048355, 0.01393476128578186, -0.007999657653272152, -0.004804370924830437, -0.006108046509325504, -0.04037230834364891, -0.023259952664375305, 0.022749433293938637, -0.01857875846326351, -0.006877593230456114, 0.0643281415104866, 0.04828547313809395, -0.0654534101486206, 0.03251512721180916, 0.014471317641437054, 0.06906294077634811, 0.046901240944862366, 0.04006551578640938, -0.0553211010992527, -0.029200173914432526, 0.02727372944355011, -0.004815994296222925, -0.08313516527414322, -0.028445523232221603, 0.0297052264213562, 0.035239268094301224, -0.03315072879195213, 0.03424482420086861, 0.03097015805542469, -0.0012085475027561188, 0.005478853825479746 ]
<p>My 8yo son is in the Cub Scouts.</p> <p>He has a pinewood derby coming up next month and I would like to take this project and turn it into a fun, physics lesson for him. </p> <p>For those not familiar, a pinewood derby is where you shape a block of wood into a car (or truck, or where ever your imagination leads you) and race it on a track against other cars.</p> <p>The track looks something like this (not to scale): <img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/mo6UI.jpg" alt="Pinewood Derby"></p> <p>The black curve represents the track. The peculiar, red triangle with wheels is the car. (<a href="http://scouting.org/scoutsource/CubScouts/Cub%20Scouts/ThingsToDo/PineDesign.aspx" rel="nofollow">Click this link</a> to see the various options for the block of wood.)</p> <p>So, a few talking points that come to mind are as follows:</p> <ol> <li><strong>Gravity.</strong> Obviously w/o this the car would go nowhere when released. </li> <li><strong>Friction.</strong> All wheels come with metal axles. We are allowed to use powered graphite to reduce the friction and make the car move quicker.</li> <li><strong>Weight.</strong> The heaver it is, the faster it will move. However, there is a 5oz max weight the car can reach. Should the weight of the car be evenly distributed to maximize speed?</li> <li><strong>Design.</strong> I imagine the design of the car is important to reduce drag...are there any designs from the previous link you would pick regarding that?</li> </ol> <p>Any thoughts on how to elaborate on the items above?</p> <p>Is there anything I haven't listed that would be helpful to talk about?</p>
g4556
[ 0.005811556242406368, 0.054474011063575745, 0.01468272227793932, -0.013229248113930225, 0.04940268024802208, -0.02664855681359768, -0.013871089555323124, 0.003175741294398904, -0.05822277069091797, -0.011994327418506145, 0.030570505186915398, -0.05027596279978752, 0.03516293317079544, 0.016452066600322723, 0.08183508366346359, 0.03935667872428894, -0.04385693371295929, -0.05267275124788284, 0.040507249534130096, 0.017920387908816338, 0.050614628940820694, 0.030584946274757385, -0.02156122773885727, -0.001218561315909028, -0.03143983334302902, -0.0397799089550972, -0.03650045394897461, -0.032495126128196716, -0.04888496920466423, -0.005049103870987892, 0.026354314759373665, -0.007619095500558615, -0.018521418794989586, -0.04829812049865723, -0.10777197033166885, 0.044406771659851074, -0.021222198382019997, 0.011522647924721241, 0.03143801540136337, 0.03970947116613388, -0.0314127653837204, -0.035176314413547516, -0.03912097215652466, -0.014847791753709316, -0.009152279235422611, -0.007880227640271187, -0.013341424986720085, -0.05439390987157822, 0.028829297050833702, 0.07853599637746811, 0.02576417662203312, 0.002462088130414486, 0.06873147934675217, 0.0021519947331398726, 0.0058092279359698296, 0.012005685828626156, 0.0209650918841362, 0.004887826275080442, 0.012388475239276886, -0.01640058122575283, -0.014796647243201733, 0.016261795535683632, -0.04000188782811165, 0.026836704462766647, 0.008602124638855457, -0.0052610402926802635, 0.009365178644657135, -0.00015011962386779487, 0.04419192671775818, 0.016423553228378296, 0.08826763927936554, 0.012856478802859783, 0.0177291352301836, -0.004130292218178511, -0.012762533500790596, 0.010961959138512611, -0.01134451013058424, 0.03400101140141487, -0.001955231884494424, 0.023935513570904732, 0.000024516468329238705, 0.053757403045892715, -0.07975856959819794, -0.009305144660174847, 0.04871854931116104, -0.045986611396074295, -0.011623269878327847, 0.02654450759291649, -0.06272588670253754, -0.006277961656451225, -0.03892452269792557, -0.02012329176068306, 0.0574667826294899, -0.013282401487231255, 0.03683598339557648, -0.04140760749578476, -0.02782721072435379, 0.02522578090429306, 0.04235510528087616, 0.08768963068723679, -0.0379672534763813, -0.03112694062292576, 0.03742622211575508, 0.0018633068539202213, -0.010709051042795181, -0.025435077026486397, -0.04222368076443672, 0.047286421060562134, -0.04308096691966057, -0.00499721011146903, -0.026790950447320938, 0.004729066509753466, -0.08693064004182816, -0.03651566058397293, -0.04349762201309204, -0.012343889102339745, 0.05060987547039986, -0.014635622501373291, -0.00467258645221591, -0.02503477782011032, 0.0005346274119801819, -0.04665609821677208, -0.034560538828372955, 0.03645310923457146, 0.017576726153492928, 0.013923974707722664, 0.014833029359579086, -0.026381947100162506, -0.041087646037340164, -0.06591086834669113, 0.017468690872192383, -0.021014416590332985, 0.024277541786432266, -0.02542477659881115, 0.002044604392722249, 0.03712889924645424, -0.02325896918773651, 0.05517260730266571, 0.00030634202994406223, -0.01677212491631508, -0.011411059647798538, 0.0630929097533226, -0.04625370725989342, 0.046083059161901474, 0.0035617814864963293, 0.029358189553022385, -0.03427015617489815, 0.016958972439169884, -0.0003539642202667892, -0.024757960811257362, 0.04248537868261337, -0.04533146321773529, 0.016075970605015755, -0.014584183692932129, -0.023568037897348404, -0.01725616678595543, 0.06522087752819061, 0.0022135197650641203, 0.020092986524105072, 0.04968339577317238, 0.06205477938055992, -0.027795562520623207, -0.017349788919091225, 0.02931366115808487, -0.054990485310554504, 0.0379510261118412, 0.017939623445272446, -0.004350774455815554, 0.08034474402666092, 0.0448138564825058, -0.04959356412291527, -0.07974884659051895, -0.013578317128121853, 0.08632668107748032, -0.01741853728890419, -0.052819713950157166, 0.07317434996366501, -0.040057964622974396, -0.029035400599241257, 0.04016588628292084, 0.003579377196729183, -0.012395412661135197, 0.026262734085321426, 0.031684305518865585, -0.07660164684057236, 0.011449495330452919, -0.029312290251255035, -0.009068496525287628, -0.05132150277495384, 0.05238163843750954, 0.025664759799838066, -0.045805465430021286, 0.009729642421007156, -0.019134173169732094, 0.006052106153219938, -0.0027252547442913055, -0.009797392413020134, -0.00635458342730999, -0.007192600052803755, -0.020866677165031433, 0.0013463215436786413, -0.009222262538969517, 0.011524507775902748, 0.01658245362341404, -0.006434578914195299, -0.018146950751543045, 0.02530386485159397, 0.02083601988852024, 0.036307916045188904, 0.044078923761844635, 0.022540660575032234, 0.03135474771261215, 0.002377063501626253, 0.02196657657623291, 0.00004403280036058277, 0.03940486162900925, -0.03152256831526756, -0.003985710442066193, -0.03514961525797844, 0.008517169393599033, 0.047691646963357925, -0.005431678146123886, -0.001967088086530566, 0.029362335801124573, -0.00377481896430254, -0.015997236594557762, 0.004139483440667391, -0.010031984187662601, 0.03250032663345337, 0.013485613279044628, 0.013825338333845139, -0.01007598266005516, -0.019569847732782364, -0.07056429982185364, 0.029990386217832565, 0.00980988796800375, -0.005608811508864164, -0.008913558907806873, 0.007174557540565729, -0.04569108039140701, 0.016151370480656624, -0.010102876462042332, 0.033166978508234024, -0.063755564391613, 0.02099929377436638, -0.079572394490242, -0.022665681317448616, 0.0015966828214004636, -0.015741800889372826, -0.04010642319917679, 0.049861080944538116, 0.0511549673974514, -0.05593375861644745, -0.022987281903624535, 0.04472173750400543, -0.00361829181201756, -0.0021242958027869463, -0.020644236356019974, -0.042251236736774445, -0.08870477229356766, -0.02070360630750656, -0.016449052840471268, -0.050171781331300735, 0.005209692753851414, -0.04317159578204155, -0.05426633730530739, -0.044717464596033096, -0.10321125388145447, 0.02473248355090618, -0.0054800971411168575, -0.055633604526519775, 0.024676291272044182, 0.027070680633187294, -0.05172692984342575, 0.0045408266596496105, -0.07680333405733109, 0.0018101428868249059, 0.01366875134408474, 0.009573719464242458, 0.02323855273425579, 0.04205087572336197, -0.009092575870454311, -0.039399754256010056, 0.01404318306595087, -0.016644280403852463, 0.04544658586382866, 0.003898604540154338, -0.008053898811340332, 0.029942629858851433, 0.016913242638111115, -0.07500379532575607, 0.03179844468832016, 0.05620839074254036, -0.013738772831857204, 0.032512687146663666, 0.052339933812618256, -0.03799159452319145, 0.023365940898656845, 0.023852063342928886, -0.07308889925479889, -0.03728606179356575, 0.04495476931333542, -0.0036285591777414083, 0.020979221910238266, 0.0016595413908362389, 0.02418438345193863, -0.024233845993876457, 0.012333715334534645, 0.00860032718628645, 0.026548154652118683, 0.01567745767533779, -0.011767853982746601, 0.014260848052799702, 0.019214773550629616, -0.1041519045829773, -0.021352939307689667, -0.002608631970360875, 0.027892325073480606, 0.02301451563835144, -0.06916208565235138, 0.05140898376703262, -0.0015879514394327998, 0.014617739245295525, 0.03407832607626915, 0.004143576603382826, 0.07567910850048065, 0.04199516400694847, -0.017956525087356567, 0.023357728496193886, 0.02489941380918026, 0.03562299534678459, 0.05319053679704666, -0.024256721138954163, -0.0228918194770813, -0.05082288011908531, -0.03339055925607681, -0.014022348448634148, -0.03010237216949463, -0.0020453741308301687, -0.014136303216218948, 0.021075459197163582, -0.028750915080308914, -0.041748613119125366, -0.047830745577812195, -0.006632855162024498, -0.001513760187663138, 0.05060918256640434, -0.03295718505978584, 0.005057917907834053, -0.02929737977683544, 0.03243507817387581, -0.048782799392938614, -0.04675799608230591, -0.030335646122694016, 0.03248680755496025, -0.009605185128748417, -0.017129356041550636, -0.0031210018787533045, -0.00011975218512816355, 0.011433371342718601, -0.004343398846685886, 0.032316092401742935, -0.022438710555434227, 0.01657840609550476, -0.05234520137310028, -0.0530155710875988, -0.0123772993683815, -0.0032217351254075766, -0.0156668983399868, 0.058941956609487534, 0.023497818037867546, 0.01009062584489584, -0.02687571942806244, -0.03797385096549988, -0.03327435627579689, 0.01999395713210106, 0.06114804372191429, 0.008164401166141033, -0.016841918230056763, 0.02022271789610386, 0.010621710680425167, 0.0916280597448349, 0.05607445538043976, -0.03588232025504112, -0.03292324021458626, 0.0037936235312372446, 0.012179655022919178, 0.02503572218120098, 0.03320854529738426, 0.03135007992386818, -0.04956541955471039, 0.019670281559228897, -0.056213054805994034, -0.011791158467531204, 0.0017277543665841222, 0.03475425764918327, -0.029367664828896523, -0.053208138793706894, -0.07689516246318817, 0.050198741257190704, 0.023410983383655548, 0.07655037939548492, 0.03292206674814224, 0.021156445145606995, -0.016809634864330292, 0.001088970573619008, 0.018742574378848076, 0.010193934664130211, -0.02403159625828266, -0.0385877899825573, 0.0005609643994830549, -0.06477206945419312, 0.018571170046925545, -0.04088422283530235, -0.012738929130136967, -0.01140477042645216, -0.012791456654667854, 0.06942608952522278, -0.03002753108739853, 0.03819762542843819, 0.007530177943408489, -0.0038375407457351685, 0.03519904240965843, -0.03184307739138603, -0.0007189742755144835, 0.010862324386835098, 0.01166874822229147, -0.040362440049648285, -0.037392597645521164, -0.027573205530643463, 0.026292867958545685, -0.04068434238433838, 0.0068906573578715324, -0.012323964387178421, 0.010799064300954342, 0.0527280792593956, -0.002582796849310398, 0.03330732882022858, 0.06250516325235367, 0.013031949289143085, -0.07089005410671234, 0.046605922281742096, 0.04153476655483246, -0.003238480305299163, -0.05214507132768631, 0.02537623606622219, -0.08119772374629974, -0.008906163275241852, -0.02123585157096386, 0.0254813265055418, 0.0034309751354157925, 0.003496191231533885, -0.0330207496881485, 0.07237575203180313, -0.0021698190830647945, -0.005363161209970713, -0.0599227137863636, -0.011603099294006824, 0.05788709968328476, 0.01025070995092392, 0.00010193019988946617, -0.0001806012005545199, 0.010863032191991806, -0.0017410519067198038, -0.014914006926119328, -0.014601710252463818, 0.03522121533751488, -0.0002980746212415397, 0.03863281384110451, -0.04153504967689514, -0.017975902184844017, -0.023938437923789024, 0.038375794887542725, 0.0036153974942862988, -0.0542370043694973, 0.06065145879983902, 0.00669869314879179, 0.012831787578761578, 0.054939236491918564, -0.004001927096396685, -0.023422161117196083, 0.05120822787284851, 0.023366723209619522, -0.06421729177236557, -0.0066954283975064754, -0.04965769499540329, -0.03958966210484505, -0.00735119916498661, -0.0045159985311329365, 0.028553416952490807, 0.015116754919290543, 0.021994149312376976, -0.05445040017366409, 0.04088960960507393, -0.018931956961750984, -0.02807290479540825, 0.03962904214859009, 0.05548515170812607, 0.018654173240065575, -0.05826830118894577, 0.012833262793719769, 0.02272718772292137, 0.00850149430334568, -0.06494452804327011, -0.015037193894386292, 0.0015178084140643477, 0.0524972602725029, -0.03056912310421467, -0.060529809445142746, 0.03990630805492401, 0.002428861102089286, 0.0659564808011055, 0.057343363761901855, -0.005005855578929186, -0.07478222995996475, 0.012944411486387253, 0.016182370483875275, 0.05009083449840546, 0.04244503006339073, 0.01071969885379076, 0.043825458735227585, -0.015539241954684258, -0.01012791134417057, -0.08732041716575623, -0.04341374337673187, 0.013088730163872242, -0.028752101585268974, -0.031161565333604813, -0.03652229532599449, -0.0056816223077476025, -0.03609020635485649, -0.029705967754125595, -0.0038931078743189573, 0.018628042191267014, -0.0796872079372406, 0.005903463810682297, 0.027460958808660507, -0.04109624773263931, 0.0023709081578999758, -0.004443510435521603, -0.044782474637031555, 0.05052434280514717, 0.014985086396336555, -0.012293277308344841, -0.009375584311783314, 0.0007386893266811967, 0.005430975928902626, -0.0007624280988238752, 0.03026540018618107, -0.04972224682569504, 0.04227069392800331, 0.052138686180114746, 0.025932708755135536, -0.03264302760362625, 0.023340508341789246, -0.014587372541427612, 0.008767304010689259, -0.03751881420612335, 0.013019785284996033, -0.027031373232603073, 0.010290257632732391, -0.003908406011760235, 0.022831646725535393, 0.030406581237912178, 0.04249441996216774, -0.021116482093930244, -0.045557182282209396, -0.03649548813700676, 0.014115402474999428, 0.03174932673573494, 0.014516341499984264, -0.010403425432741642, 0.020669762045145035, 0.03235374391078949, 0.07451878488063812, -0.06333096325397491, 0.0055449483916163445, -0.05240961164236069, 0.002177941147238016, 0.019459249451756477, 0.03989812359213829, 0.08065687865018845, -0.025288349017500877, -0.0022136487532407045, -0.035988904535770416, 0.02515593357384205, -0.05345837026834488, -0.01987149566411972, -0.02958052046597004, -0.0433599129319191, 0.010468979366123676, -0.006138008087873459, -0.028077462688088417, -0.004892964381724596, -0.03353852406144142, -0.006818657740950584, -0.01811576448380947, -0.016799313947558403, 0.035406485199928284, 0.023026015609502792, -0.02521054819226265, -0.005632744636386633, -0.01824788749217987, 0.013218873180449009, -0.05928073450922966, 0.033566709607839584, 0.031033167615532875, -0.019195500761270523, 0.021480778232216835, -0.018913261592388153, -0.0335141085088253, -0.003408946329727769, -0.0019458051538094878, 0.025430992245674133, 0.016910696402192116, 0.05199027806520462, 0.04729137942194939, -0.044459111988544464, 0.09591203182935715, -0.02450552023947239, -0.03419380635023117, 0.015058033168315887, 0.09391871839761734, -0.05787336081266403, -0.005365315359085798, 0.06751392036676407, -0.05393148586153984, 0.02523869276046753, 0.03111940249800682, 0.004900563973933458, 0.025565573945641518, -0.016142116859555244, 0.07177124172449112, 0.09419594705104828, -0.0019305379828438163, 0.05901213362812996, -0.011028935201466084, 0.06295950710773468, -0.0016448587412014604, 0.02618125081062317, 0.010195539332926273, 0.03704124316573143, -0.03977518901228905, 0.06250989437103271, 0.019088394939899445, -0.012078143656253815, 0.0107249291613698, -0.0315689854323864, 0.037977416068315506, -0.00839407742023468, -0.029322002083063126, -0.03626419976353645, -0.0037354372907429934, -0.07303082197904587, -0.04447709396481514, 0.04163355007767677, -0.03725867718458176, 0.03821496665477753, 0.068666473031044, 0.0017185589531436563, -0.029299059882760048, -0.05537378787994385, 0.02856334112584591, 0.00021413917420431972, -0.03881197050213814, 0.03595338761806488, -0.010896154679358006, 0.06915175914764404, -0.04573393985629082, 0.025212839245796204, -0.019188785925507545, -0.02373669296503067, -0.0016952907899394631, -0.01190129853785038, -0.015702521428465843, -0.033656902611255646, -0.10562899708747864, 0.03308301791548729, 0.018955692648887634, -0.03895842283964157, 0.014738979749381542, 0.02094300463795662, -0.01819784753024578, 0.01702795922756195, 0.008779770694673061, 0.03185902535915375, -0.05133454501628876, 0.02691277302801609, 0.03395574539899826, 0.01047282014042139, 0.024195613339543343, 0.020702676847577095, 0.01103084534406662, 0.020268062129616737, -0.026544999331235886, 0.0007846648222766817, -0.002520245499908924, 0.033600807189941406, -0.03880473971366882, 0.017655087634921074, -0.035097215324640274, 0.04791143909096718, 0.035531457513570786, 0.02376887947320938, -0.015274605713784695, -0.021657263860106468, -0.08791931718587875, -0.027233291417360306, -0.07380606979131699, -0.03238511085510254, 0.035465944558382034, 0.049494534730911255, 0.04184186831116676, 0.025475554168224335, -0.016864417120814323, 0.04554779455065727, 0.05477575212717056, 0.006653785705566406, -0.04654280096292496, 0.07446371763944626, -0.04580828920006752, 0.023673351854085922, 0.00967742782086134, 0.03719015792012215, 0.028943030163645744, -0.0721035972237587, -0.0011038489174097776, -0.06365726888179779, 0.024440843611955643, 0.04373125731945038, -0.003854178125038743, 0.04736887663602829, -0.0039618611335754395, 0.0067940158769488335, -0.041980430483818054, -0.012732351198792458, -0.02979469858109951, -0.016175219789147377, -0.031044326722621918, 0.022784113883972168, -0.019189361482858658, -0.035292886197566986, -0.012388920411467552, -0.057047683745622635, 0.01310690026730299, -0.0034317951649427414, -0.00478871027007699, 0.11698605120182037, -0.005404664669185877, -0.00009053623944055289, -0.007419336121529341, 0.05378536507487297, -0.022341549396514893, -0.0055165658704936504, -0.00992241408675909, 0.007540506776422262, 0.015361014753580093, 0.042515646666288376, 0.02628537081182003, -0.032147206366062164, 0.022609934210777283, 0.021811729297041893, -0.010892292484641075, -0.010367972776293755, -0.00022979734058026224, 0.06417718529701233, -0.01843455247581005, -0.024153048172593117 ]
<p>When <code>taxpayers</code> pay <code>money</code> for expensive research (irrespective of the <code>partition-function</code> wheither a few projects worth <code>megabucks</code> [<code>M$</code>] or many smaller cheaper experiments), should the <code>raw data</code>/<code>designs</code>/... that result from it be <code>gratis</code> (as in linux), <code>opensource</code> (as in the source of beer) or even licensefree?</p> <p>(the question is not intended as a binary one: it is more ethics of modern physics funding, assume it is possible)</p> <p>this would also more easily allow people with or without diplomes to try processing the scientific data...</p> <p>(<code>upvotes</code> if you can present your argument <code>completely formalized</code> in <code>deontologic</code> <code>Kripke semantics</code>)</p>
g4557
[ 0.0194377638399601, 0.07897164672613144, 0.01288776658475399, -0.00149143161252141, 0.05542108044028282, -0.008094974793493748, -0.06710749864578247, 0.02905581332743168, 0.006463344674557447, -0.017917310819029808, 0.04525657370686531, 0.02485557086765766, 0.06605151295661926, -0.025194603949785233, -0.05010545626282692, -0.002063221763819456, 0.014000505208969116, -0.03529123216867447, -0.0052145966328680515, 0.03884298354387283, -0.03303658589720726, -0.008654028177261353, -0.05338337644934654, -0.07318516075611115, -0.021749533712863922, -0.052474815398454666, 0.004666091874241829, -0.04362340271472931, -0.03417832404375076, -0.005316690541803837, -0.013363541103899479, -0.0033993313554674387, 0.045816417783498764, 0.026676593348383904, -0.08382193744182587, -0.021226119250059128, 0.0016783569008111954, 0.05965212732553482, 0.02656763419508934, -0.051506444811820984, 0.014496969990432262, 0.0053876908496022224, 0.0023514714557677507, -0.03456331044435501, -0.009138301946222782, 0.01855071820318699, 0.012067276984453201, -0.012720765545964241, 0.04421713575720787, -0.060257673263549805, 0.007970583625137806, 0.03472767770290375, -0.022421734407544136, 0.0773298442363739, -0.00044460673234425485, -0.021296225488185883, -0.024485161527991295, 0.03380769118666649, 0.03184247761964798, -0.04686151444911957, 0.011272675357758999, 0.027405764907598495, -0.0226697139441967, -0.00930281076580286, 0.07273344695568085, 0.027701828628778458, -0.04337366297841072, 0.004550570156425238, 0.0813039168715477, 0.006041400600224733, 0.0062859999015927315, -0.008512728847563267, 0.01608637161552906, -0.08518806099891663, -0.023015938699245453, 0.060115110129117966, -0.016734037548303604, -0.004456729628145695, -0.02644992247223854, 0.058688897639513016, -0.022434692829847336, -0.008439532481133938, -0.0007016506278887391, 0.036320075392723083, 0.06181446835398674, -0.04297133535146713, -0.0028816561680287123, -0.023369096219539642, 0.0611509308218956, 0.08376815170049667, 0.0053388322703540325, -0.06723223626613617, 0.039627574384212494, 0.0444522500038147, -0.035764019936323166, -0.0404486283659935, 0.006058398634195328, -0.0007811429095454514, -0.017746178433299065, 0.07817687094211578, -0.012033361941576004, -0.026703160256147385, 0.005331588909029961, -0.005575467832386494, 0.01241410430520773, -0.026528671383857727, 0.010797383263707161, 0.014897487126290798, -0.019504329189658165, 0.017090339213609695, -0.03955955430865288, -0.002103701001033187, -0.042568083852529526, -0.013212891295552254, -0.009663454256951809, -0.03744053095579147, 0.08151926845312119, -0.036433879286050797, -0.021186312660574913, 0.0857902467250824, 0.026177452877163887, -0.004490072373300791, 0.04162431135773659, 0.011592558585107327, -0.03828372433781624, 0.009087390266358852, -0.0003351596824359149, 0.021768473088741302, 0.008144439198076725, -0.021042801439762115, 0.002539275446906686, -0.04107316955924034, -0.057276979088783264, 0.011580250225961208, 0.025024905800819397, 0.025626694783568382, -0.03562051057815552, -0.013434299267828465, -0.026421809569001198, -0.04616217315196991, 0.03246845304965973, 0.028563091531395912, -0.021697470918297768, 0.031347937881946564, -0.009601854719221592, -0.009567187167704105, 0.00783319491893053, -0.0017614528769627213, 0.054550349712371826, 0.050270963460206985, -0.05039912462234497, 0.002399887191131711, 0.016647953540086746, 0.035511355847120285, 0.05529525876045227, -0.014436348341405392, 0.02701745368540287, -0.06925221532583237, 0.014467613771557808, 0.04396313801407814, -0.02720506116747856, -0.012770496308803558, 0.00748832942917943, 0.018573297187685966, 0.008796247653663158, 0.01820240169763565, 0.037492163479328156, -0.02984623610973358, -0.02938082255423069, -0.012651612982153893, -0.09881901741027832, 0.03041660413146019, 0.008860212750732899, 0.0793432667851448, 0.07566925883293152, -0.00860141683369875, -0.03446391969919205, 0.01569487899541855, 0.030433345586061478, 0.049574270844459534, -0.027613069862127304, 0.03246311470866203, 0.04042891412973404, 0.004428179934620857, 0.004801271017640829, -0.01780763640999794, -0.011356080882251263, -0.03769184648990631, 0.0018560102907940745, -0.01965692825615406, -0.024261703714728355, -0.0040129004046320915, -0.0443822517991066, 0.0006255317130126059, -0.048452526330947876, -0.018909193575382233, -0.015375818125903606, 0.0362219400703907, 0.010103561915457249, 0.019689859822392464, -0.010656467638909817, 0.056897491216659546, -0.0023623814340680838, 0.0388011559844017, -0.009339571930468082, -0.009576414711773396, -0.03360678628087044, -0.013635761104524136, 0.016738800331950188, -0.047715749591588974, 0.037184979766607285, -0.03876695781946182, -0.013538898900151253, 0.0052234213799238205, -0.022263389080762863, -0.02640184760093689, -0.025047559291124344, 0.002460564486682415, 0.007939293049275875, 0.016455620527267456, 0.009392903186380863, -0.011115137487649918, 0.022084126248955727, 0.000723017961718142, -0.00817131157964468, -0.07962200790643692, -0.10023799538612366, 0.0014841388911008835, -0.006195393390953541, -0.046131033450365067, 0.0210295207798481, -0.06358940154314041, -0.014707114547491074, -0.04965048283338547, 0.08163439482450485, 0.08945196121931076, -0.025616878643631935, -0.037279509007930756, 0.04406535252928734, 0.03991661220788956, 0.0007313223322853446, 0.022254982963204384, -0.007378760725259781, 0.03573158383369446, 0.018367689102888107, -0.003970939200371504, 0.026989690959453583, 0.008583657443523407, -0.020950861275196075, 0.0047332728281617165, -0.016814909875392914, 0.03952883556485176, 0.048873066902160645, 0.0018821563571691513, -0.02647976018488407, -0.013451813720166683, -0.028635123744606972, 0.011272330768406391, 0.010854247026145458, 0.025662390515208244, 0.04654800891876221, -0.0208835881203413, -0.029632367193698883, -0.04031222313642502, 0.013109877705574036, 0.0751505121588707, -0.043975748121738434, -0.06125042960047722, -0.02634977176785469, 0.025172825902700424, -0.014357675798237324, 0.054410237818956375, 0.014270270243287086, 0.021530866622924805, 0.07709064334630966, 0.02425108291208744, 0.048831403255462646, -0.001891433261334896, -0.013310257345438004, -0.07806407660245895, -0.07989466190338135, -0.033075932413339615, -0.052237313240766525, 0.004708021879196167, 0.044489894062280655, -0.028570229187607765, -0.045398127287626266, -0.021899651736021042, -0.005519528407603502, -0.06282380223274231, 0.042125340551137924, 0.02597498521208763, 0.015090061351656914, 0.023292742669582367, -0.04717668890953064, 0.0019104034872725606, -0.008654199540615082, 0.007754109799861908, 0.03426163271069527, 0.011439437046647072, -0.00042887942981906235, -0.015834610909223557, 0.0636620819568634, 0.08701319247484207, 0.024616394191980362, -0.048677168786525726, -0.001286291517317295, -0.023679349571466446, -0.013503062538802624, 0.07002691924571991, 0.05979897826910019, -0.0016483509680256248, 0.01703149639070034, -0.012418773025274277, -0.061650536954402924, 0.030081504955887794, -0.007659476716071367, -0.047732096165418625, 0.06242414936423302, -0.09008362889289856, 0.007997912354767323, -0.052490897476673126, -0.0051217530854046345, -0.05271158367395401, -0.03610265627503395, 0.05280343070626259, -0.07623392343521118, -0.026938647031784058, -0.02510443516075611, -0.004739881027489901, 0.041363928467035294, 0.03102414682507515, 0.026582131162285805, -0.04814702272415161, -0.05140634998679161, -0.054033391177654266, 0.051813870668411255, -0.012374107725918293, 0.010224001482129097, 0.048569317907094955, -0.046410832554101944, -0.04095710068941116, 0.011737079359591007, -0.03755388781428337, -0.025087274610996246, 0.021443644538521767, 0.019611934199929237, -0.032397426664829254, 0.012302362360060215, -0.01747307926416397, 0.04609408974647522, 0.013567878864705563, 0.028519393876194954, -0.03180355206131935, -0.02534755878150463, 0.003348672529682517, 0.010952386073768139, 0.0022701146081089973, 0.01303869392722845, 0.0005435277707874775, -0.03237353265285492, 0.032685235142707825, 0.006605794187635183, -0.014830957166850567, 0.0015208871336653829, 0.078079454600811, 0.004641152918338776, -0.032400187104940414, -0.06131388619542122, 0.03078038990497589, -0.007972592487931252, 0.05072886496782303, -0.00154218846000731, 0.020578546449542046, 0.019612053409218788, -0.026824329048395157, 0.00411478104069829, 0.007073608227074146, 0.010555218905210495, 0.026993785053491592, 0.05750858038663864, 0.0046890475787222385, -0.006520095281302929, -0.02995597943663597, 0.019032850861549377, 0.019676437601447105, -0.01836213283240795, -0.004286936949938536, 0.013474315404891968, -0.00283647864125669, 0.012855369597673416, 0.0042484477162361145, -0.025990158319473267, 0.024259867146611214, -0.04916009679436684, 0.0024201099295169115, -0.04555803909897804, -0.02393963187932968, 0.039348479360342026, 0.05569799989461899, -0.03646574541926384, -0.03185851499438286, -0.02901255339384079, 0.007232777774333954, 0.010814687237143517, 0.00041570101166144013, -0.03651229664683342, -0.07871494442224503, -0.03937163203954697, -0.06609319150447845, -0.0017240275628864765, -0.07062211632728577, -0.018026769161224365, -0.02121204137802124, 0.031001167371869087, -0.042869165539741516, -0.0011089921463280916, -0.05212079733610153, -0.014391097240149975, 0.0324823223054409, 0.03771686553955078, -0.020161418244242668, 0.08690235763788223, -0.018915947526693344, 0.01636267453432083, 0.00388138135895133, 0.03734879195690155, -0.03545854240655899, 0.007443103939294815, -0.03666433319449425, 0.06310231238603592, 0.030542941763997078, -0.010316187515854836, -0.01731768436729908, -0.010469840839505196, 0.00819114688783884, -0.013333546929061413, -0.018910307437181473, -0.08440205454826355, -0.008358989842236042, 0.04041582718491554, -0.014886274933815002, -0.021844319999217987, -0.07426151633262634, -0.014048952609300613, 0.031072475016117096, 0.035978954285383224, 0.005074550863355398, -0.005759118590503931, -0.04578974470496178, -0.008052420802414417, -0.041977740824222565, -0.0033584958873689175, 0.001538368291221559, 0.01759113185107708, -0.018656050786376, 0.0038933211471885443, -0.0400717668235302, 0.04334042966365814, 0.005847127176821232, -0.03673330321907997, -0.045723188668489456, -0.0266050323843956, 0.036103349179029465, 0.033082377165555954, -0.016628099605441093, -0.044826705008745193, -0.019493086263537407, 0.015489579178392887, 0.0033507782500237226, -0.00173594756051898, 0.03769301250576973, 0.00869009830057621, -0.008402782492339611, 0.002980054821819067, 0.017197996377944946, 0.005110356956720352, -0.034069959074258804, 0.07531727850437164, -0.024556610733270645, -0.015267323702573776, 0.025031035766005516, 0.03599059581756592, -0.022793790325522423, 0.027912020683288574, 0.03675079345703125, -0.008161207661032677, -0.055076733231544495, -0.042241401970386505, -0.059705283492803574, 0.03660498932003975, 0.006394688971340656, 0.06361556798219681, -0.009340180084109306, -0.03648305684328079, 0.019317761063575745, -0.04271872341632843, -0.004294607322663069, 0.0382225438952446, -0.0017584743909537792, 0.003118527587503195, -0.009845374152064323, -0.017287034541368484, 0.007164000999182463, 0.025128765031695366, 0.02489398419857025, 0.09065384417772293, 0.03944675996899605, -0.0193686094135046, 0.007014777977019548, 0.03685348480939865, 0.007279494311660528, 0.029318995773792267, 0.00900733470916748, -0.006361809093505144, 0.004435849841684103, -0.010221282951533794, 0.025045819580554962, -0.0826181173324585, -0.03960573300719261, 0.027110060676932335, 0.005880570504814386, 0.017505966126918793, 0.029582396149635315, 0.011534174904227257, 0.008184759877622128, 0.021184133365750313, 0.0302096139639616, 0.03730136901140213, 0.01706377975642681, 0.015953190624713898, 0.03540472313761711, 0.0039000515826046467, 0.043953441083431244, -0.03832121193408966, -0.005437103565782309, -0.025235531851649284, -0.0030330056324601173, 0.02317843586206436, -0.0029181991703808308, 0.013357765972614288, 0.05039843171834946, 0.07934685051441193, -0.0032159469556063414, -0.014714568853378296, -0.05902072787284851, 0.023170575499534607, 0.009159930050373077, 0.036460600793361664, -0.13862143456935883, -0.025510981678962708, -0.03722061216831207, 0.012582844123244286, -0.015020287595689297, 0.030927686020731926, -0.002905571833252907, -0.030528921633958817, -0.020123278722167015, 0.0018027113983407617, 0.035503920167684555, 0.015704592689871788, 0.03295581042766571, 0.058902278542518616, 0.058960091322660446, 0.08340572565793991, 0.015113243833184242, 0.0027054455131292343, -0.11247537285089493, -0.009201224893331528, 0.05196868255734444, -0.044711530208587646, 0.03513828665018082, -0.008295099250972271, -0.027073370292782784, 0.03371838107705116, 0.04460526630282402, 0.012808379717171192, -0.0038693202659487724, 0.015178077854216099, 0.01067313551902771, 0.07737941294908524, -0.026195799931883812, -0.00496213324368, 0.03173961862921715, -0.015195168554782867, 0.060283027589321136, -0.04810270667076111, 0.006320679094642401, -0.04902903735637665, -0.04282412678003311, -0.04854729026556015, -0.07968615740537643, -0.02529490739107132, -0.004849177319556475, -0.035857103765010834, 0.025462573394179344, 0.018131444230675697, -0.036278754472732544, -0.04396282136440277, -0.041331253945827484, -0.028628982603549957, -0.026461338624358177, 0.019928425550460815, 0.02202836610376835, -0.03435293585062027, -0.04155942425131798, -0.012464490719139576, 0.027248801663517952, -0.013717741705477238, -0.009689713828265667, -0.04836951941251755, -0.029692448675632477, -0.04597222059965134, -0.026483098044991493, 0.008811848238110542, -0.03280605748295784, 0.013993825763463974, -0.022574307397007942, 0.026027698069810867, -0.01012377254664898, 0.011478278785943985, 0.010692287236452103, 0.012142348103225231, -0.05448995903134346, -0.008861967362463474, 0.047869905829429626, -0.040213555097579956, 0.033142123371362686, 0.017160749062895775, 0.05229558050632477, 0.04223359003663063, 0.10549455136060715, -0.00925078708678484, -0.005826691631227732, -0.08176141232252121, 0.031038327142596245, -0.0388171561062336, 0.022909319028258324, 0.014934916980564594, 0.01962358132004738, 0.04746268689632416, 0.05152164027094841, 0.057584624737501144, 0.04320294409990311, 0.027540354058146477, 0.02497124671936035, 0.0311124287545681, 0.04050048068165779, 0.021362055093050003, -0.010500253178179264, -0.006052916403859854, -0.011161313392221928, 0.012949769385159016, -0.062283508479595184, -0.010944326408207417, 0.03702657297253609, 0.005172706209123135, 0.056444622576236725, 0.0423235185444355, -0.036726485937833786, -0.0025146626867353916, -0.034269239753484726, -0.005564588122069836, -0.002288893796503544, -0.002165963174775243, 0.02875487506389618, 0.0043085492216050625, 0.034331630915403366, 0.05575186014175415, 0.027921149507164955, 0.03424873948097229, 0.010113916359841824, -0.037944573909044266, 0.0017738350434228778, 0.03322484716773033, -0.01355083379894495, 0.018603453412652016, -0.01678282395005226, -0.04698218032717705, 0.005868091247975826, 0.03502732515335083, 0.0001878825423773378, 0.027571482583880424, -0.019338341429829597, -0.1057330071926117, -0.04127442091703415, -0.023414472118020058, 0.016964200884103775, 0.003230997361242771, -0.01723843812942505, -0.017626632004976273, 0.010815960355103016, 0.04970920458436012, -0.0038909490685909986, -0.0005240956088528037, -0.0073511432856321335, -0.014133984223008156, -0.016144312918186188, 0.03811195120215416, 0.0638948306441307, 0.03828875347971916, -0.003456713631749153, 0.03239822760224342, 0.022786354646086693, -0.01685389317572117, 0.052538398653268814, 0.06247006729245186, 0.004599226173013449, -0.07395196706056595, -0.08011310547590256, 0.015094045549631119, 0.010670839808881283, -0.037047263234853745, 0.06282848119735718, -0.013683849945664406, 0.002106190426275134, -0.03990890458226204, -0.005424796137958765, 0.0597364604473114, -0.012650681659579277, 0.007937809452414513, 0.002161875367164612, -0.04272274672985077, -0.03317764028906822, -0.04136941209435463, -0.02659996971487999, -0.0488274060189724, -0.0394546203315258, -0.04802463576197624, 0.02174404449760914, -0.05653223395347595, -0.02495315484702587, -0.01081724651157856, 0.0734155923128128, 0.03251716494560242, 0.008818736299872398, 0.009414113126695156, -0.005303629674017429, -0.06230980157852173, 0.030495282262563705, -0.033576734364032745, -0.031386736780405045, -0.0328788161277771, 0.058380838483572006, -0.013358306139707565, 0.025043336674571037, -0.0624103844165802, 0.017096923664212227, 0.011568306013941765, 0.0024360883980989456, -0.012592420913279057, -0.04365158826112747, -0.013040597550570965, 0.04654432088136673, 0.04271889105439186, 0.0013177887303754687, 0.04417296126484871, 0.04634251073002815, 0.04172882065176964, 0.026682181283831596, -0.018601644784212112, -0.01984386332333088, -0.0327305868268013, 0.05551972612738609, -0.00634258845821023, -0.07070764154195786, 0.02815576083958149, 0.02263246290385723 ]
<p>A <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_tube">Vortex Tube</a> takes a pressurized input stream, most typically of a gas, and creates two output streams with a temperature differential. <a href="http://www.exair.com/Cultures/en-US/Primary+Navigation/Products/Vortex+Tubes+and+Spot+Cooling/Vortex+Tubes/A+Phenomenon+of+Physics">Apparently, it has been described as a Maxwell's Demon</a>.</p> <p>Both linked sources are scarce with information about how and why this works. Now, I have two questions:</p> <ul> <li><p>Why does it work, specifically why should the situation in the vortex lead to a transfer of thermal energy from the inner stream to the outer one?</p></li> <li><p>How efficient can it be? </p></li> <li><p>How do you define the efficiency of a device that may be closer to Maxwell's Demon than to a heat pump? My feeling is that any analysis should not only take into account the sum of input energy (thermal and mechanical energy instream) and sum output (thermal energies and pressures of both gas streams), but also the Temperature differential that is created - since that contains an ability to create work.*</p></li> <li><p>If course it's pointless to create heat from high grade 8mech.) energy to transform it back to mech. energy - but it gives an idea on the worth of the output.</p></li> </ul>
g316
[ -0.006280970294028521, 0.023350834846496582, -0.002769336337223649, -0.0038918019272387028, 0.05905935540795326, -0.01768101193010807, 0.05859699472784996, 0.044142674654722214, -0.07931610941886902, -0.04087943211197853, -0.012678799219429493, 0.05599501356482506, 0.014791732653975487, 0.008800216019153595, 0.014199510216712952, -0.017071694135665894, 0.01756533607840538, -0.01255195215344429, 0.09139338880777359, 0.026442665606737137, -0.024364158511161804, 0.02373637817800045, 0.02227597124874592, -0.05432029440999031, -0.009332092478871346, -0.008684034459292889, -0.005332436412572861, 0.03731607645750046, -0.015610295347869396, -0.004179768264293671, 0.040352098643779755, 0.022404581308364868, 0.014596221037209034, -0.01483326405286789, -0.0924353301525116, 0.04419538006186485, 0.024963296949863434, 0.0019354723626747727, -0.001941631082445383, -0.01736149564385414, -0.01541056763380766, -0.022114237770438194, -0.012159405276179314, -0.0379013828933239, -0.06070780009031296, 0.07022333890199661, -0.022288663312792778, -0.039107274264097214, -0.022634124383330345, -0.001274024834856391, 0.011907847598195076, 0.014901825226843357, 0.059939537197351456, 0.02396724931895733, 0.06025967746973038, -0.005164863541722298, -0.039472416043281555, -0.028951261192560196, 0.06538162380456924, 0.002885935828089714, -0.01081747468560934, 0.0008391875308007002, -0.001005134778097272, 0.021873729303479195, -0.0028774954844266176, -0.024527771398425102, -0.00464241299778223, 0.0055635483004152775, -0.024125773459672928, 0.027377715334296227, -0.01147964596748352, -0.03853640332818031, 0.01949136331677437, -0.03725292906165123, 0.04379567876458168, 0.01489328220486641, -0.006952651310712099, -0.01678803190588951, 0.045920513570308685, -0.038317374885082245, -0.03701259195804596, -0.004089601803570986, -0.032842036336660385, -0.01125227939337492, 0.04574096202850342, -0.000044776305003324524, -0.01427723653614521, -0.009496835991740227, -0.010090049356222153, 0.0019378475844860077, -0.011260788887739182, 0.017157217487692833, 0.09951259940862656, -0.01272699423134327, -0.05006027594208717, 0.012484507635235786, -0.012610998935997486, 0.03583808243274689, 0.01937243714928627, 0.005167640745639801, 0.018730223178863525, -0.027167392894625664, -0.006395488511770964, 0.006689032539725304, 0.04215048998594284, -0.014316179789602757, -0.03876379877328873, 0.003500767517834902, -0.03710765391588211, 0.054629214107990265, -0.07684854418039322, -0.052570901811122894, -0.05691080540418625, 0.023281432688236237, -0.016054727137088776, -0.042295366525650024, 0.021695159375667572, 0.04257058724761009, -0.06000487878918648, 0.048120442777872086, 0.018784422427415848, 0.05067107081413269, 0.003234847681596875, 0.018769148737192154, 0.039815858006477356, 0.000654448987916112, -0.005085476208478212, -0.026996372267603874, -0.0027338105719536543, 0.055324532091617584, 0.05419791489839554, 0.002015478676185012, -0.031345926225185394, 0.03563659265637398, 0.07125295698642731, 0.05717882141470909, -0.03739647567272186, -0.055967651307582855, 0.024493159726262093, -0.007456907071173191, -0.02462121844291687, -0.09390749037265778, -0.046630073338747025, -0.010178918950259686, 0.005254956427961588, 0.027802513912320137, -0.07229941338300705, -0.008198503404855728, 0.015395604074001312, 0.01824221946299076, -0.04785657301545143, 0.09744308143854141, 0.030299155041575432, 0.012964176014065742, 0.042292892932891846, -0.010696813464164734, 0.0709008276462555, 0.0018163438653573394, 0.006694937124848366, -0.027574891224503517, 0.07437754422426224, -0.054708193987607956, 0.07633890211582184, -0.0036449215840548277, -0.058359675109386444, -0.07285412400960922, 0.02447887696325779, -0.07502426207065582, 0.06464855372905731, 0.00030989275546744466, -0.052377231419086456, 0.026197250932455063, -0.0215135607868433, 0.0341346338391304, 0.027404872700572014, 0.014519485644996166, 0.060275908559560776, 0.022460144013166428, -0.012722216546535492, -0.04038185253739357, -0.01834133453667164, -0.016582578420639038, 0.05386753007769585, -0.030912891030311584, 0.002969964873045683, -0.0038565308786928654, 0.01214311458170414, -0.027518685907125473, -0.035721637308597565, -0.029953608289361, -0.04390605911612511, -0.032621659338474274, -0.011834654957056046, 0.05921349301934242, -0.01836477592587471, 0.021774491295218468, 0.020283948630094528, -0.027261408045887947, -0.06629228591918945, 0.035130877047777176, -0.0244109109044075, -0.0012201820500195026, 0.04450397565960884, 0.0101500004529953, 0.029229138046503067, 0.07192401587963104, -0.03631063923239708, 0.027736881747841835, -0.013695704750716686, -0.0363117977976799, 0.042330093681812286, -0.0023617716506123543, 0.05454910174012184, 0.016766058281064034, -0.06276046484708786, 0.003731201170012355, -0.03354140371084213, -0.034556981176137924, -0.0024589928798377514, -0.0261335801333189, 0.013106138445436954, 0.012763134203851223, 0.046879176050424576, 0.006840875372290611, -0.06185381859540939, -0.03481856733560562, -0.02416101098060608, -0.009523969143629074, -0.030695796012878418, 0.00765920989215374, -0.04865521565079689, 0.021302001550793648, 0.01598241925239563, -0.06660571694374084, 0.030585143715143204, -0.02097676508128643, 0.026637021452188492, 0.0050179134123027325, -0.0035106120631098747, 0.039833564311265945, 0.023279331624507904, -0.07963017374277115, -0.006041320506483316, -0.011193417012691498, -0.007862702012062073, -0.03911308944225311, -0.005792128853499889, -0.010014996863901615, -0.01209135539829731, -0.03796885907649994, -0.01438573095947504, -0.02257128246128559, -0.02439807541668415, 0.024558307603001595, -0.02974182367324829, -0.07453922927379608, -0.005384494084864855, 0.024214759469032288, -0.0009076466085389256, 0.005261132959276438, 0.06647744029760361, 0.06850572675466537, 0.04789474979043007, 0.06509009003639221, -0.05462710186839104, 0.009637361392378807, -0.003630453022196889, 0.017277561128139496, -0.021289881318807602, -0.003647885285317898, -0.031117858365178108, 0.05598795413970947, -0.03282821178436279, -0.004366274923086166, 0.047192178666591644, 0.0339486338198185, -0.004222974646836519, -0.029325246810913086, 0.020928284153342247, -0.022178426384925842, 0.0048221140168607235, -0.03748628497123718, -0.05380500108003616, 0.04250645637512207, 0.011797060258686543, -0.04994866997003555, -0.00987109262496233, 0.022446611896157265, -0.00451054610311985, 0.021497506648302078, 0.04613347351551056, 0.021877359598875046, -0.026904093101620674, 0.0024222948122769594, 0.03153383731842041, -0.04584905505180359, 0.01799839921295643, -0.009418390691280365, -0.015500621870160103, -0.010561509989202023, -0.019360823556780815, -0.003429014701396227, -0.0020122781861573458, -0.00666650990024209, -0.011425026692450047, 0.03397693485021591, -0.039597731083631516, -0.014015807770192623, -0.04071136564016342, 0.008765948005020618, 0.04143235832452774, -0.0059326523914933205, 0.006630449555814266, -0.015194804407656193, 0.021172454580664635, 0.01497738342732191, 0.015021948143839836, -0.015873774886131287, 0.0003406859759707004, 0.06082002446055412, -0.04613758623600006, -0.03561041131615639, 0.043821435421705246, -0.05986569821834564, 0.002059551887214184, 0.019892843440175056, -0.010494891554117203, -0.06889616698026657, -0.031127404421567917, 0.0006638608174398541, 0.004451109562069178, -0.012501712888479233, -0.024346938356757164, -0.024677885696291924, 0.0022551717702299356, -0.018920505419373512, -0.08809451758861542, 0.0040370505303144455, 0.016971532255411148, 0.04520604386925697, -0.05458627641201019, 0.00007743049354758114, -0.05105811730027199, 0.020924938842654228, 0.028754375874996185, 0.03589142486453056, -0.02362244389951229, 0.050684913992881775, -0.02071227692067623, 0.0071578496135771275, 0.026217950507998466, -0.008467292413115501, 0.05185050144791603, 0.02964150346815586, 0.006092649418860674, -0.031513020396232605, 0.002837055828422308, -0.005663123447448015, 0.041858069598674774, 0.05172520503401756, 0.009955217130482197, -0.02017877995967865, -0.039328739047050476, -0.04241068288683891, -0.017720293253660202, 0.012015317566692829, 0.06822160631418228, 0.006457654293626547, -0.02817755565047264, 0.00045568286441266537, -0.0375172458589077, -0.020687341690063477, -0.09985169023275375, -0.022416945546865463, 0.041414231061935425, -0.017062658444046974, 0.03613630682229996, 0.038081537932157516, -0.02604796551167965, 0.03623615950345993, 0.005808393936604261, 0.03859260305762291, -0.014311558566987514, -0.001598846516571939, 0.018161067739129066, 0.002876209793612361, -0.06020312383770943, 0.06592711806297302, 0.03022267296910286, -0.07525967806577682, -0.020470857620239258, 0.033078353852033615, -0.02713717706501484, -0.029023339971899986, -0.01681244559586048, 0.00895336177200079, 0.06428752839565277, -0.02405932918190956, -0.00504949688911438, 0.0023842393420636654, 0.0385524183511734, -0.01419282890856266, 0.032057154923677444, 0.016345994547009468, -0.041837479919195175, -0.016423041000962257, 0.013775688596069813, -0.018358197063207626, -0.008830959908664227, -0.05150892212986946, 0.018111273646354675, -0.025949101895093918, 0.011303296312689781, -0.009973349049687386, 0.020311592146754265, -0.03131645917892456, -0.027206312865018845, -0.009298130869865417, 0.04379437491297722, 0.020686529576778412, 0.02524392306804657, 0.0033747318666428328, 0.010180084966123104, 0.041434433311223984, -0.0496041513979435, 0.012893405742943287, 0.04969000816345215, 0.06134572997689247, -0.016973070800304413, -0.0548446886241436, 0.01975177228450775, 0.004334051627665758, -0.0473637692630291, -0.02247333712875843, -0.010708428919315338, 0.043109942227602005, 0.0007467254181392491, 0.00664736982434988, -0.010495233349502087, 0.07612453401088715, 0.08543498069047928, -0.01177707128226757, -0.0304427407681942, -0.04137397184967995, 0.0012944316258653998, -0.0019086864776909351, 0.004317577928304672, -0.0212783832103014, -0.03844159469008446, -0.03227091208100319, -0.06273000687360764, 0.011856941506266594, -0.004249097779393196, -0.0902789905667305, 0.01822694204747677, 0.014715531840920448, 0.04773494973778725, 0.033912137150764465, 0.0105979572981596, -0.023349056020379066, -0.03929414227604866, 0.05248800292611122, -0.06235681474208832, 0.025731168687343597, 0.009027187712490559, -0.02832057513296604, -0.03305250033736229, -0.052013806998729706, -0.03454494848847389, -0.054063815623521805, 0.03781576827168465, 0.048907533288002014, 0.0213441401720047, 0.05081002041697502, 0.0314575731754303, -0.04402481019496918, 0.041634004563093185, -0.022258572280406952, -0.003519294550642371, -0.03238179534673691, -0.0032134568318724632, 0.06322884559631348, 0.06897512078285217, 0.04834594205021858, 0.04038146883249283, -0.030544355511665344, -0.0801902711391449, 0.02410566247999668, -0.015610050410032272, -0.019290288910269737, 0.02696412429213524, 0.10160880535840988, 0.031293369829654694, -0.06528297811746597, -0.022996913641691208, 0.034427460283041, 0.09270703792572021, -0.013999851420521736, -0.05144713073968887, 0.011887392960488796, -0.03682304546236992, -0.046829793602228165, -0.023089341819286346, 0.008596188388764858, 0.015278391540050507, 0.01015565451234579, 0.04486805573105812, -0.004653445445001125, 0.022046558558940887, 0.05137861892580986, -0.0025988940615206957, 0.00965191051363945, -0.02984757162630558, -0.0029129108879715204, 0.009283940307796001, -0.014376913197338581, 0.022975176572799683, -0.028786538168787956, 0.01443420723080635, -0.005026401951909065, 0.03848688304424286, -0.03891674801707268, 0.024008359760046005, 0.032333455979824066, 0.005827097687870264, 0.046445272862911224, -0.05220135673880577, -0.020364822819828987, 0.03647875040769577, 0.039608754217624664, -0.012457648292183876, 0.01993921585381031, 0.0014946593437343836, 0.06524772197008133, -0.040434133261442184, -0.026696056127548218, 0.06223313882946968, 0.0006774644716642797, 0.044301554560661316, -0.010029890574514866, -0.01104214508086443, -0.05063549056649208, -0.011653956025838852, 0.04884268715977669, 0.05762159451842308, -0.04497804865241051, 0.02759762480854988, 0.022350464016199112, 0.006637117825448513, -0.012326771393418312, -0.0878947302699089, -0.020355282351374626, 0.07849420607089996, -0.009257943369448185, 0.03797769919037819, -0.006128445267677307, 0.036912549287080765, -0.0008531887433491647, 0.0030529710929840803, -0.002734938869252801, 0.048635758459568024, 0.04793568328022957, 0.015242548659443855, 0.008610649965703487, 0.045155901461839676, -0.022406073287129402, -0.02252967096865177, 0.01358499750494957, 0.033236611634492874, 0.04062846675515175, 0.002236153231933713, -0.024019207805395126, -0.02338130958378315, -0.08905860036611557, 0.062013644725084305, 0.0005166353657841682, -0.012449859641492367, -0.03985559195280075, -0.025074968114495277, -0.005404239054769278, 0.022420795634388924, -0.00011864924454130232, 0.047489989548921585, -0.0021097047720104456, 0.017685016617178917, 0.03463052958250046, -0.05642139911651611, 0.03583918511867523, -0.01661461591720581, 0.004525309428572655, 0.03364495560526848, -0.019683197140693665, 0.040317192673683167, 0.009138233959674835, -0.010064692236483097, -0.032906148582696915, -0.0146871916949749, -0.01772746443748474, -0.028132598847150803, -0.03635411337018013, 0.012379643507301807, -0.039020270109176636, -0.022799208760261536, -0.01897541619837284, 0.001822901889681816, 0.0122471172362566, -0.009060864336788654, 0.025845374912023544, -0.0668773502111435, 0.00350542482919991, -0.011504421010613441, -0.006100981496274471, -0.02206672914326191, -0.013395469635725021, -0.030074970796704292, 0.030459443107247353, -0.04090673476457596, -0.03551003336906433, 0.05625208839774132, 0.009054131805896759, 0.011933794245123863, -0.017021454870700836, 0.024994676932692528, -0.002451073145493865, 0.03770937770605087, 0.062065429985523224, -0.07853935658931732, 0.016876081004738808, 0.04095782712101936, 0.06227165833115578, -0.01568549871444702, -0.027768103405833244, -0.007875598967075348, 0.03696718066930771, -0.03222687169909477, -0.0012988700764253736, -0.009880964644253254, -0.006661615334451199, 0.05743921175599098, 0.06627581268548965, -0.01449641864746809, 0.00321582262404263, -0.0018797413213178515, 0.05568667873740196, -0.043338239192962646, -0.009929911233484745, 0.008766678161919117, -0.006162147969007492, -0.07302048057317734, -0.03917854651808739, -0.09305395931005478, -0.054414428770542145, -0.03620119020342827, 0.013563979417085648, -0.05350371077656746, -0.01979726366698742, -0.010121053084731102, 0.06010250002145767, -0.004061379469931126, -0.028204936534166336, 0.048534560948610306, 0.006289348937571049, 0.02539939433336258, 0.08271697908639908, 0.06770492345094681, 0.030940931290388107, -0.0529133602976799, -0.02882927469909191, 0.0702076181769371, -0.04446541517972946, -0.0006402382277883589, -0.0353054441511631, -0.03322714567184448, -0.017558420076966286, -0.019406147301197052, -0.08959029614925385, -0.018079664558172226, -0.027699775993824005, -0.052077822387218475, -0.03700249269604683, -0.06464681029319763, -0.011484581977128983, -0.030270755290985107, -0.04118841886520386, -0.06346254795789719, -0.008683795109391212, -0.052929434925317764, 0.00532016484066844, -0.022106437012553215, -0.01457363273948431, -0.007602888625115156, 0.07401401549577713, 0.029892001301050186, -0.0006475896807387471, -0.049128178507089615, 0.08986233919858932, 0.03826494514942169, 0.006095793563872576, 0.047074735164642334, 0.025378746911883354, 0.06209249049425125, 0.033747948706150055, 0.015585267916321754, 0.01730351708829403, 0.02694084867835045, 0.046233952045440674, 0.04547743871808052, 0.039893340319395065, -0.02566465735435486, 0.04277887940406799, 0.015246269293129444, -0.02576826699078083, 0.02064211294054985, 0.04117607697844505, -0.0051661147736012936, 0.006610321346670389, -0.01223034504801035, 0.032500408589839935, -0.01633789949119091, 0.025661155581474304, 0.001955903833732009, 0.031742069870233536, -0.019184622913599014, -0.07651309669017792, 0.05157062038779259, -0.03623002767562866, 0.011070274747908115, 0.004327329341322184, -0.04223105311393738, 0.01790015585720539, 0.023743493482470512, -0.012860522605478764, 0.007325790356844664, -0.023239819332957268, -0.015822310000658035, -0.01792711578309536, -0.005859544966369867, 0.034356169402599335, 0.024122901260852814, 0.0005810610018670559, 0.0697777047753334, -0.03937462344765663, -0.018983345478773117, -0.09955981373786926, -0.023769591003656387, -0.05113307386636734, -0.059226009994745255, 0.06465600430965424, -0.0031991603318601847, -0.009175081737339497, 0.03800200670957565, -0.01796814613044262, -0.04003505781292915, -0.02060174196958542, 0.010835901834070683, -0.029471110552549362, -0.014764483086764812, 0.06430834531784058, -0.02341906540095806, 0.03773921728134155, -0.01172663364559412, 0.028542274609208107, 0.003056084271520376, -0.01799844019114971, -0.017588885501027107, -0.014591075479984283, 0.01755053736269474, -0.00963333435356617 ]
<p>Ive read a few courses on <strong>statistical mechanics</strong>, and while their textual explanations and example choices differ, the flow of information from microscopy to macroscopy seems the same, and reading between the lines you can see some mathematical construct. Has statistical mechanics been formalized in the sense that say analysis has been formalized (<em>down to quantifiers, sets, functions,...</em>) more rigorously? Where can one find a <strong>formal axiomatic approach</strong> to statistical mechanics as opposed to an introductory descriptory approach?</p>
g4558
[ 0.06847924739122391, 0.02420080453157425, -0.010073753073811531, -0.007227461319416761, 0.017921393737196922, -0.040791261941194534, 0.009146537631750107, -0.009730715304613113, -0.011888128705322742, -0.03914381563663483, 0.01212611049413681, -0.03954485058784485, 0.13180086016654968, -0.032729148864746094, -0.04454631358385086, -0.03736986219882965, 0.02737976424396038, 0.00561919342726469, 0.0714707151055336, 0.04019572585821152, -0.016642846167087555, 0.053255707025527954, 0.027941254898905754, -0.05715185031294823, -0.04438189044594765, -0.02993704378604889, -0.01453893817961216, -0.010198790580034256, 0.05965745821595192, 0.024220909923315048, -0.004346565343439579, -0.05251136049628258, 0.06267855316400528, -0.039558686316013336, 0.013988344930112362, -0.04637553542852402, 0.019809603691101074, 0.027508733794093132, 0.007499287836253643, -0.04161066561937332, 0.06204809248447418, 0.02346404641866684, 0.01382265891879797, -0.0321107842028141, -0.03875608742237091, 0.005681313574314117, -0.02147728204727173, -0.04161832854151726, -0.015296760015189648, -0.011846589855849743, -0.0054487804882228374, 0.03281943127512932, 0.08783756196498871, 0.01721838489174843, 0.046866584569215775, 0.02555890753865242, -0.0023469682782888412, 0.005038436036556959, 0.034047480672597885, -0.026667991653084755, 0.041689250618219376, 0.004620546009391546, 0.007431341800838709, 0.022233951836824417, 0.035255465656518936, 0.02453221008181572, -0.03678227216005325, -0.05154431611299515, 0.04687970131635666, -0.0290803425014019, -0.008685532957315445, -0.07000192999839783, -0.006512859836220741, -0.046025000512599945, -0.035320036113262177, -0.02007639966905117, -0.01479492336511612, 0.00940590538084507, -0.022625349462032318, -0.009157012216746807, -0.077500119805336, -0.008452050387859344, -0.01477829273790121, -0.022686585783958435, 0.029207440093159676, 0.01666107587516308, 0.0026234937831759453, -0.008152641355991364, 0.07388074696063995, 0.026063529774546623, 0.05544232204556465, 0.026270905509591103, 0.009923310950398445, 0.00015751384489703923, -0.04910488426685333, -0.02373848296701908, -0.06830618530511856, 0.014187668450176716, -0.028551412746310234, -0.002967263339087367, -0.0085535179823637, 0.03979790583252907, -0.007684222888201475, -0.011351949535310268, -0.03863169625401497, 0.011978080496191978, -0.004951130133122206, 0.007185737602412701, -0.010902782902121544, 0.009082785807549953, 0.0012122640619054437, 0.037544846534729004, -0.03221422806382179, 0.06363419443368912, -0.057059481739997864, -0.021376648917794228, 0.10800237953662872, -0.0025795064866542816, -0.028345970436930656, 0.058015771210193634, 0.00537496991455555, 0.03548040986061096, 0.050002872943878174, 0.06922540813684464, -0.06373297423124313, -0.012395773082971573, -0.013530812226235867, 0.03911278769373894, 0.023105626925826073, 0.0029820657800883055, 0.02979470044374466, -0.013415716588497162, -0.025288838893175125, 0.00041317782597616315, 0.00854607205837965, 0.04982445016503334, -0.056478675454854965, -0.03635120764374733, -0.049914367496967316, 0.003216780489310622, -0.07202707231044769, 0.019930656999349594, -0.0012154292780905962, 0.025699203833937645, -0.013143997639417648, 0.01760123483836651, -0.004087499808520079, 0.01040724664926529, 0.04862168803811073, -0.019387012347579002, 0.03162502869963646, 0.059124656021595, -0.030774015933275223, -0.09705542027950287, -0.0075973086059093475, -0.020611468702554703, 0.04638392850756645, -0.020558085292577744, 0.017390286549925804, 0.013970740139484406, 0.03643110394477844, 0.028649158775806427, 0.009110854007303715, -0.020562835037708282, 0.005656006745994091, -0.022271163761615753, 0.009208516217768192, -0.038314130157232285, 0.0520450621843338, -0.033600419759750366, -0.02555564045906067, -0.04020313546061516, 0.011803043074905872, -0.012409580871462822, -0.0307447649538517, 0.029173389077186584, -0.022320115938782692, -0.008987742476165295, 0.005544443614780903, 0.017653262242674828, -0.04231174662709236, 0.012059393338859081, 0.03551210090517998, -0.03114328719675541, 0.0035049356520175934, 0.018201086670160294, 0.025153178721666336, -0.04990345612168312, -0.00030092691304162145, 0.022188028320670128, -0.08070822060108185, 0.04520060494542122, -0.012764997780323029, 0.051888708025217056, 0.044526681303977966, -0.0036496783141046762, 0.009089901112020016, -0.018353426828980446, 0.01980857364833355, 0.021000446751713753, 0.062298767268657684, 0.031000947579741478, -0.010073534213006496, 0.06046842783689499, -0.012155012227594852, 0.02882285788655281, -0.020690351724624634, 0.029612712562084198, -0.03225931152701378, 0.001301462878473103, -0.007414442021399736, 0.022608557716012, -0.014729000627994537, -0.008596532978117466, -0.004793707747012377, -0.012810884043574333, 0.00042179779848083854, -0.024865152314305305, -0.02946169301867485, 0.025552760809659958, -0.00568411173298955, -0.034534942358732224, 0.018387984484434128, 0.052437737584114075, 0.01446338091045618, 0.028053782880306244, -0.006900227628648281, -0.0014470916939899325, -0.04129257798194885, 0.026755083352327347, -0.0902707427740097, 0.021444272249937057, -0.019764795899391174, -0.03503354266285896, 0.019009053707122803, 0.013176513835787773, -0.004752985201776028, -0.016211852431297302, 0.007893904112279415, 0.027471473440527916, 0.014653527177870274, -0.0264601968228817, -0.03312716260552406, 0.014242887496948242, -0.02196410670876503, -0.0172781553119421, 0.03315238282084465, 0.01600687950849533, 0.039659325033426285, -0.006953202188014984, -0.035642579197883606, 0.00041725169285200536, -0.0065329670906066895, -0.029559435322880745, -0.013979262672364712, -0.03968308866024017, -0.026827996596693993, 0.017626499757170677, -0.03920264169573784, 0.029889753088355064, 0.0011249231174588203, 0.05777193605899811, 0.0071674226783216, -0.013781001791357994, -0.03896985948085785, -0.002042788080871105, 0.00024027399194892496, -0.017803708091378212, -0.03265058621764183, -0.007388314697891474, 0.03709360584616661, 0.09504510462284088, 0.018351558595895767, -0.023877041414380074, 0.02411869913339615, -0.032253287732601166, -0.006659808102995157, -0.007500544190406799, 0.025742584839463234, -0.05979825556278229, 0.0006401432328857481, 0.0009780325926840305, -0.029537469148635864, 0.004559716209769249, 0.008012192323803902, -0.0074950288981199265, 0.02350856177508831, -0.02677394449710846, 0.013471049256622791, -0.03167916461825371, 0.012239034287631512, 0.01940256543457508, -0.008363230153918266, -0.006804962642490864, -0.12124928832054138, 0.021748952567577362, 0.007250847760587931, -0.0377441830933094, 0.005453878082334995, 0.004796258639544249, -0.05914106220006943, -0.02279513329267502, 0.03378281742334366, 0.06841225922107697, 0.10888450592756271, 0.07202880084514618, -0.0033237505704164505, -0.08938057720661163, -0.04527251422405243, -0.002387766260653734, -0.003112867707386613, 0.05091044679284096, -0.0038097177166491747, 0.028505628928542137, -0.049050312489271164, -0.025006679818034172, -0.009695657528936863, 0.013101761229336262, -0.016462191939353943, -0.06388785690069199, -0.004883509129285812, -0.056658122688531876, 0.025110891088843346, -0.022482987493276596, 0.013837885111570358, -0.056809112429618835, -0.017958126962184906, 0.04418100044131279, -0.10398150235414505, 0.0006470891530625522, 0.048192113637924194, 0.008129351772367954, -0.009271128103137016, -0.00973112229257822, -0.07040300965309143, -0.039108991622924805, -0.056345902383327484, -0.06319208443164825, 0.06024123355746269, -0.07089116424322128, 0.022085346281528473, -0.03896453604102135, -0.024158092215657234, -0.001908320700749755, -0.00696896156296134, 0.0068513923324644566, -0.02259412407875061, -0.033844757825136185, 0.06690513342618942, -0.03785193711519241, -0.0160050205886364, 0.055301323533058167, 0.06430251151323318, 0.008595453575253487, -0.04348310828208923, 0.0089419549331069, 0.09621233493089676, 0.02136259712278843, 0.06419619172811508, -0.030488742515444756, 0.021096892654895782, -0.05252614617347717, -0.035464223474264145, -0.011341245844960213, -0.024978021159768105, 0.011407959274947643, 0.013266394846141338, 0.064082570374012, 0.0592050664126873, 0.014714337885379791, -0.014061877503991127, 0.02473531663417816, -0.04485327750444412, 0.04816058650612831, -0.006673186086118221, 0.005555431358516216, 0.03786235675215721, 0.034522537142038345, -0.027263974770903587, -0.01789378933608532, 0.06593240797519684, 0.006707764230668545, 0.08633094280958176, -0.006994145922362804, 0.027401721104979515, 0.015805713832378387, -0.023765215650200844, 0.020355679094791412, -0.011863653548061848, -0.019351886585354805, -0.0007072932203300297, -0.06681398302316666, -0.015874501317739487, 0.053468700498342514, 0.014435074292123318, -0.02334797941148281, 0.03755483776330948, 0.020901495590806007, -0.008778013288974762, -0.002449383493512869, -0.04783965274691582, 0.014452832750976086, -0.023439686745405197, 0.010164756327867508, -0.013779214583337307, 0.0393497459590435, -0.02312970533967018, -0.02824101224541664, 0.0048622558824718, -0.025936679914593697, 0.013686181977391243, -0.05151008814573288, 0.06375536322593689, -0.023947840556502342, -0.023739449679851532, 0.0018709483556449413, -0.04748142510652542, -0.007927155122160912, 0.003301083343103528, 0.04516176879405975, -0.012773771770298481, 0.03683612123131752, 0.0033104598987847567, -0.0017879806691780686, -0.021090826019644737, 0.09763020277023315, 0.032239001244306564, 0.03181843087077141, -0.003456834936514497, -0.07252075523138046, -0.018633520230650902, 0.01014351099729538, 0.03817563131451607, 0.06828334927558899, -0.06867288798093796, 0.014946303330361843, -0.0325312502682209, 0.0644073560833931, -0.0007488701376132667, 0.016890404745936394, 0.04098518192768097, -0.018210381269454956, 0.028080912306904793, -0.015063611790537834, 0.053643714636564255, 0.00004860192711930722, -0.0050603291019797325, 0.008712911047041416, -0.03768065571784973, -0.023511823266744614, -0.049359291791915894, 0.04323858022689819, -0.013083778321743011, 0.030964743345975876, -0.07097062468528748, -0.013606186024844646, 0.014986289665102959, 0.060835160315036774, -0.021417200565338135, -0.018580954521894455, 0.004748724400997162, -0.03250475600361824, 0.01190502941608429, -0.0014579821145161986, -0.01646481826901436, 0.004230319056659937, -0.08808747678995132, 0.03709716722369194, -0.044207457453012466, 0.009447155520319939, -0.009363120421767235, 0.03112109936773777, -0.023860573768615723, 0.010079552419483662, 0.017758458852767944, -0.009094093926250935, 0.000663394050206989, -0.06284864991903305, 0.009995670057833195, -0.04271944612264633, 0.022547347471117973, -0.0435577929019928, -0.0012713572941720486, -0.021157963201403618, 0.02662034146487713, -0.0009077953291125596, -0.030434131622314453, 0.018426749855279922, -0.05679762735962868, -0.011319521814584732, 0.027366433292627335, -0.015034306794404984, 0.016557252034544945, -0.008579082787036896, -0.05441749840974808, -0.024546684697270393, 0.06086507439613342, -0.021263163536787033, -0.009256407618522644, -0.04326500743627548, -0.08104194700717926, 0.02537749707698822, -0.03817444294691086, 0.058753106743097305, 0.007031416054815054, 0.02046792581677437, 0.05987715348601341, -0.03213705122470856, -0.10824231803417206, 0.04314948990941048, 0.0473899245262146, 0.037112463265657425, -0.023688293993473053, 0.02230580523610115, 0.05249089002609253, 0.033558402210474014, -0.005383635405451059, 0.064480260014534, 0.0011549708433449268, -0.06081312522292137, 0.030842222273349762, -0.009205939248204231, -0.008516335859894753, -0.0443744994699955, -0.02437153272330761, -0.0057619004510343075, -0.04823886975646019, -0.045420091599226, 0.03133494406938553, 0.01426620688289404, -0.01803116872906685, -0.012997915036976337, 0.0030728685669600964, 0.034270066767930984, -0.0012991935946047306, -0.005388571415096521, 0.01492790412157774, 0.03995823860168457, -0.07903110235929489, 0.004222465213388205, -0.004788131918758154, 0.027859466150403023, 0.01528217550367117, 0.042362600564956665, 0.02577309124171734, -0.05016133934259415, 0.05768818408250809, -0.053842391818761826, 0.08533582091331482, -0.03084714524447918, -0.033885084092617035, -0.009212070144712925, -0.015058395452797413, -0.05539114400744438, -0.05683746933937073, 0.06893578171730042, 0.0065519241616129875, -0.06020234525203705, -0.007596449926495552, 0.0033217789605259895, 0.005111199337989092, 0.0038799098692834377, 0.011119432747364044, 0.0069898380897939205, 0.017763884738087654, -0.010925065726041794, -0.030282266438007355, -0.02379930391907692, 0.02814699523150921, 0.07453915476799011, 0.01178917195647955, 0.03426944836974144, 0.044203270226716995, 0.017968831583857536, 0.024441614747047424, 0.055723175406455994, 0.006211866158992052, -0.03181472420692444, 0.003397237742319703, -0.029687169939279556, 0.02491845190525055, 0.05924493446946144, 0.008949792943894863, -0.04469146952033043, -0.0696638971567154, 0.027985339984297752, -0.031873174011707306, -0.019057583063840866, 0.028104174882173538, 0.008488638326525688, 0.022142738103866577, -0.03338468074798584, -0.06144300475716591, -0.00856067519634962, -0.03338364511728287, 0.0008788321865722537, 0.07780066132545471, -0.005027784965932369, 0.0182139053940773, 0.04523850604891777, 0.010148867033421993, 0.012113678269088268, 0.002652570139616728, -0.06781712174415588, 0.08858668804168701, 0.027808556333184242, 0.007873653434216976, 0.01790578104555607, 0.03419627249240875, -0.009625297039747238, 0.024335436522960663, -0.011360365897417068, -0.02541179768741131, 0.03783624246716499, 0.009010042995214462, -0.06697307527065277, -0.04527147859334946, -0.0055162301287055016, -0.013618210330605507, -0.0036658807657659054, 0.004967281129211187, -0.018153393641114235, 0.02225251868367195, -0.03711966052651405, -0.016257667914032936, 0.005182086024433374, -0.016194794327020645, 0.0939227044582367, 0.06377694010734558, -0.03262179717421532, -0.016528375446796417, 0.02261371724307537, -0.0006752436165697873, -0.02695368602871895, -0.025997186079621315, 0.007907502353191376, -0.06800422072410583, 0.013456395827233791, 0.048821136355400085, -0.01003194134682417, -0.020784225314855576, 0.03286605328321457, 0.05886494740843773, -0.051275383681058884, -0.02047504298388958, -0.04245273023843765, 0.02773052081465721, 0.03362487629055977, -0.04537401720881462, -0.028710391372442245, 0.04333677515387535, 0.031116126105189323, -0.02564043365418911, 0.026707228273153305, -0.0265529565513134, 0.08063670247793198, 0.06393507122993469, -0.006773184984922409, 0.05261452496051788, -0.052756182849407196, 0.032956212759017944, 0.002286188304424286, -0.006708785425871611, -0.06116300821304321, 0.014840069226920605, 0.05845842510461807, -0.004198745358735323, -0.0028847074136137962, -0.04244855046272278, -0.0430094413459301, 0.03348921239376068, -0.035170942544937134, -0.03719320893287659, 0.0018600707408040762, 0.03465195372700691, -0.04858625307679176, 0.028754569590091705, 0.02290409244596958, -0.0009765314171090722, -0.03615277633070946, 0.018013542518019676, 0.029633792117238045, 0.03363018482923508, 0.0643719881772995, -0.05492151156067848, 0.00362576125189662, -0.03105107508599758, -0.0017753331921994686, -0.04238930344581604, -0.00473334826529026, -0.01640491932630539, -0.07117515802383423, 0.0022037234157323837, -0.010650687851011753, 0.020921025425195694, -0.03245747461915016, 0.011882903054356575, 0.07052356004714966, 0.022467361763119698, -0.0010530618019402027, 0.0037607247941195965, 0.015682311728596687, -0.037655021995306015, 0.05193834379315376, 0.020762141793966293, 0.004564703907817602, -0.050065841525793076, -0.04209807515144348, 0.008403366431593895, -0.00888086762279272, -0.049530990421772, -0.007382818032056093, -0.004943632520735264, -0.01067442074418068, -0.002558172680437565, -0.0184320081025362, -0.013792917132377625, -0.018512235954403877, 0.0452716201543808, -0.010721922852098942, -0.009481876157224178, -0.020520886406302452, -0.031811729073524475, -0.004064046312123537, 0.007795744575560093, 0.03794161230325699, -0.022643892094492912, -0.02849746122956276, -0.01866697147488594, 0.046973127871751785, 0.0011048286687582731, 0.0028215565253049135, 0.012112336233258247, 0.07825271040201187, -0.054622501134872437, 0.040575653314590454, 0.071164071559906, -0.005874414928257465, -0.034427985548973083, -0.010093672201037407, 0.042941223829984665, -0.011502224020659924, 0.01514437049627304, -0.0441552959382534, -0.01771223172545433, -0.00886854063719511, -0.042612478137016296, -0.013669505715370178, 0.0219598226249218, -0.010494164191186428, 0.01329195685684681, 0.028696969151496887, -0.015478825196623802, 0.04897451028227806, -0.0483713373541832, -0.056710656732320786, 0.032124873250722885, 0.006452105473726988, 0.06974662095308304, -0.013346774503588676, 0.051589034497737885, 0.028443897143006325, 0.053926803171634674, -0.01894773729145527, -0.03212394192814827, 0.0039563425816595554, -0.017260447144508362, -0.00032239340362139046 ]
<p>Please move this if it's not in the right location.</p> <p>I'm looking for the name of a device that I frequently see in many scenarios, specifically that of an office/library which can be described as having multiple rings that rotate in various directions. I was thinking it was a gyroscope or perhaps a celestial globe, but something tells me that it's not quite what I'm looking for. I recall that there is a movie production company which uses this device as their symbolic figure of their logo.</p>
g4559
[ -0.035364460200071335, 0.06700687855482101, -0.004820977803319693, -0.050776395946741104, -0.008777880109846592, -0.015619957819581032, 0.04086374491453171, -0.03965260460972786, 0.001989788841456175, 0.0025879384484142065, 0.020165208727121353, 0.007171601057052612, 0.03789033368229866, -0.016839127987623215, 0.054499052464962006, -0.07977471500635147, 0.04673057422041893, -0.02167021483182907, 0.020815687254071236, 0.05170029029250145, 0.01582135260105133, 0.00024476664839312434, 0.00035726354690268636, 0.01933100074529648, -0.04598234221339226, 0.059252116829156876, 0.007108402904123068, -0.004824133589863777, -0.050479739904403687, -0.0348346009850502, -0.05782128497958183, -0.02398880571126938, 0.027273481711745262, -0.026542022824287415, -0.003755107754841447, -0.001194171141833067, 0.01445167139172554, 0.020994793623685837, 0.020638495683670044, -0.005863493774086237, -0.004691751208156347, -0.0334257036447525, 0.010201768949627876, 0.02058149129152298, 0.061796266585588455, 0.058184560388326645, 0.0072586508467793465, 0.00392150180414319, 0.051099784672260284, -0.03538966923952103, -0.04443538188934326, 0.02015281468629837, 0.01754058338701725, -0.00890735350549221, -0.01064857468008995, 0.03389241546392441, -0.02774205058813095, 0.01889338158071041, 0.0016991941956803203, 0.022719064727425575, 0.013058548793196678, 0.06407926231622696, 0.001363452640362084, -0.021749066188931465, 0.05416771396994591, -0.017901871353387833, 0.014558637514710426, -0.004724603146314621, 0.029917096719145775, -0.04306185245513916, 0.02679027058184147, -0.0017612091032788157, 0.06047486886382103, 0.0019557811319828033, 0.018222760409116745, 0.029883265495300293, -0.045656345784664154, -0.015738561749458313, -0.025477338582277298, 0.06044802814722061, -0.019549675285816193, -0.006897596642374992, -0.02792806178331375, 0.060447368770837784, 0.07323215156793594, 0.05298536643385887, 0.009894895367324352, -0.017544446513056755, 0.008298179134726524, 0.029512638226151466, 0.02527393400669098, 0.0007913820445537567, 0.02314845100045204, 0.03814997151494026, -0.048826176673173904, 0.000306440400891006, 0.01359164621680975, 0.02535352297127247, 0.011339900083839893, 0.012411369942128658, -0.00647179689258337, -0.04490158334374428, 0.03460562601685524, -0.043326251208782196, -0.024172265082597733, 0.023683860898017883, -0.01183696836233139, -0.014280609786510468, -0.06769867986440659, -0.048225078731775284, 0.004380738362669945, 0.005307158455252647, -0.020183250308036804, -0.0468546561896801, -0.016810342669487, -0.007218612357974052, 0.06890815496444702, -0.014268058352172375, 0.05724387615919113, 0.028121380135416985, 0.006912203971296549, -0.05744567885994911, -0.02863774448633194, 0.05614185333251953, -0.03703521564602852, -0.00225792801938951, 0.01609514281153679, -0.0577043779194355, -0.001051748520694673, 0.015252985991537571, 0.04343995451927185, -0.029620587825775146, -0.008863245137035847, -0.005620008334517479, -0.01699027791619301, 0.048378899693489075, -0.026072291657328606, 0.00013196560030337423, -0.00412089005112648, 0.023079507052898407, 0.04630090296268463, -0.10470272600650787, 0.019878363236784935, -0.023803366348147392, 0.03444048389792442, -0.010860526002943516, 0.03382371366024017, -0.021060239523649216, 0.0902424156665802, 0.014552293345332146, -0.006140463054180145, 0.03903668746352196, -0.052600372582674026, -0.03826599940657616, 0.00929200742393732, -0.007133543957024813, 0.018175624310970306, 0.024910738691687584, 0.028463134542107582, 0.0010108654387295246, 0.022710319608449936, 0.004179499112069607, -0.019466493278741837, 0.00942315999418497, -0.0362527035176754, -0.026724306866526604, 0.01696120761334896, -0.016369709745049477, -0.03488324210047722, 0.006408745888620615, -0.025361057370901108, -0.03978521004319191, -0.00923194084316492, 0.016885366290807724, 0.016860218718647957, 0.03624719753861427, 0.06171288713812828, -0.000946870306506753, 0.027537934482097626, -0.0023298233281821012, -0.031578321009874344, -0.017010200768709183, 0.0063092587515711784, 0.009852440096437931, -0.032385408878326416, -0.010408936068415642, -0.013479813933372498, 0.04846828803420067, 0.00827495101839304, 0.005932976491749287, 0.03583752363920212, -0.027299225330352783, -0.020913682878017426, 0.018299292773008347, -0.002923561492934823, -0.04739997535943985, -0.01918427273631096, -0.024052102118730545, -0.019935129210352898, 0.008722842670977116, 0.043027717620134354, -0.01718294434249401, 0.028082139790058136, 0.06486503034830093, -0.03897777199745178, -0.05590735003352165, 0.010192567482590675, -0.0017492080805823207, 0.04651281237602234, 0.01430277805775404, 0.03023454174399376, 0.011874565854668617, -0.02039964497089386, -0.004340032581239939, -0.014278778806328773, -0.029919659718871117, 0.01819860190153122, 0.04795089736580849, 0.009623230434954166, -0.0033993409015238285, 0.047211844474077225, 0.004582749679684639, -0.02252892218530178, -0.037971895188093185, 0.04425569623708725, -0.0362962931394577, -0.0031504614744335413, -0.03596891835331917, 0.022238625213503838, -0.007120577152818441, -0.054082565009593964, 0.0019705507438629866, 0.09395813941955566, 0.024563929066061974, 0.08074178546667099, -0.010786548256874084, 0.0016678320243954659, -0.012708382681012154, -0.02259976789355278, 0.018735194578766823, 0.014379524625837803, 0.013589982874691486, -0.050303567200899124, -0.042396243661642075, 0.025831272825598717, -0.03803260251879692, 0.022302303463220596, 0.01143557857722044, 0.044580865651369095, 0.08607757836580276, -0.011001036502420902, -0.08178842812776566, -0.0004870110424235463, 0.007791167590767145, 0.014868807047605515, 0.028092151507735252, 0.01904596947133541, -0.015743738040328026, -0.042725879698991776, -0.027133725583553314, -0.007898543030023575, -0.05460337921977043, 0.08650467544794083, 0.014094914309680462, 0.09370952844619751, -0.03942988067865372, -0.030549250543117523, -0.01590351201593876, 0.016183413565158844, 0.06770557165145874, -0.03767311945557594, -0.003902539610862732, 0.007669457700103521, -0.006730084773153067, -0.048159655183553696, -0.051663029938936234, 0.001256458694115281, 0.02044922485947609, -0.012317903339862823, 0.07156752794981003, 0.03432498127222061, -0.01070789247751236, -0.03312774375081062, 0.04101249948143959, 0.02812925912439823, 0.0183394867926836, -0.024294331669807434, 0.09605363011360168, -0.030622689053416252, -0.017444025725126266, -0.02275414764881134, 0.029230136424303055, -0.01113547757267952, -0.06500308960676193, 0.0019717267714440823, -0.01763673685491085, -0.010484620928764343, 0.04633259400725365, -0.0336473323404789, 0.023783884942531586, 0.03295018523931503, -0.0064584314823150635, 0.03881422430276871, 0.07638339698314667, -0.01223781332373619, 0.03465316444635391, 0.005427325610071421, -0.03302359580993652, 0.01985836587846279, 0.04627995565533638, 0.01577686332166195, -0.013681634329259396, -0.018796969205141068, 0.03764165937900543, 0.028930341824889183, 0.053936298936605453, -0.00632847286760807, 0.008429636247456074, -0.0331709198653698, 0.06525954604148865, -0.027258489280939102, -0.045878298580646515, 0.03626758232712746, -0.021712299436330795, -0.017052194103598595, 0.05512551590800285, -0.03630298376083374, -0.000019894956494681537, 0.033231452107429504, -0.050895608961582184, 0.007473693694919348, 0.028368251398205757, -0.0022620500531047583, 0.007309814915060997, -0.03142256289720535, 0.042756564915180206, -0.034732457250356674, 0.002052555326372385, 0.06404783576726913, -0.0011220814194530249, 0.054400600492954254, 0.023932434618473053, 0.011632596142590046, -0.04707934334874153, 0.008181198500096798, 0.038615308701992035, -0.011229566298425198, -0.008335428312420845, -0.003195867408066988, -0.011085429228842258, 0.005069121718406677, 0.013835042715072632, 0.01054784469306469, -0.0468502901494503, 0.08075544983148575, 0.010175622999668121, -0.013634438626468182, -0.02599736489355564, -0.017136218026280403, 0.017984559759497643, -0.043633412569761276, -0.004841185174882412, -0.04610009118914604, -0.0508410818874836, 0.05511479452252388, 0.014579402282834053, 0.027345631271600723, 0.009621143341064453, -0.024391748011112213, 0.017960699275135994, 0.07489810138940811, 0.003174426732584834, -0.044489536434412, -0.033932290971279144, 0.028062133118510246, -0.03813662752509117, 0.021694932132959366, -0.03717401623725891, -0.020635463297367096, 0.029690690338611603, -0.01852802187204361, 0.01618797890841961, 0.015630511566996574, 0.03811730071902275, -0.01436682976782322, 0.008471189998090267, 0.031115377321839333, -0.040686413645744324, -0.022735625505447388, -0.056207068264484406, 0.008559861220419407, -0.012328254990279675, -0.01126996148377657, 0.006503963842988014, 0.002027624985203147, -0.014736221171915531, -0.0037317678797990084, -0.010046853683888912, -0.02700307033956051, 0.01261364109814167, 0.07156157493591309, 0.0019781675655394793, 0.014061051420867443, 0.035238832235336304, -0.002561517059803009, -0.018664855509996414, 0.008904569782316685, -0.021777736023068428, -0.018172040581703186, -0.03989969566464424, 0.030765512958168983, 0.038910020142793655, -0.002034662524238229, -0.02556980960071087, 0.09851428121328354, 0.058403380215168, 0.004031953867524862, 0.03718608617782593, -0.0020129126496613026, 0.06571915745735168, -0.05446986109018326, 0.0830933228135109, 0.010761935263872147, 0.003063842887058854, -0.06948921084403992, -0.014161737635731697, 0.023640930652618408, 0.03773175925016403, -0.04237079247832298, 0.00033008604077622294, 0.03681885451078415, -0.013607222586870193, 0.021847404539585114, -0.0041692135855555534, 0.014555824920535088, -0.05059407651424408, -0.009541102685034275, -0.05126991495490074, 0.022249624133110046, -0.014302389696240425, 0.03144197165966034, -0.017497286200523376, 0.005171199329197407, -0.059032805263996124, -0.03442545607686043, 0.031076140701770782, -0.06900452822446823, 0.031022360548377037, -0.024900540709495544, 0.017630916088819504, -0.0798344686627388, -0.01976431906223297, -0.028449134901165962, -0.0161761287599802, -0.01802942343056202, -0.0012582916533574462, 0.013993832282721996, -0.01728852279484272, 0.029028160497546196, 0.004114676266908646, -0.02790423296391964, -0.007080460898578167, -0.07462359964847565, 0.014241536147892475, -0.00420421315357089, 0.011085848324000835, -0.010680364444851875, -0.03822925686836243, 0.021214596927165985, -0.029662197455763817, -0.00824827328324318, 0.026222553104162216, -0.01563122123479843, 0.06637980043888092, -0.005295061506330967, -0.04656143859028816, -0.02427167259156704, 0.030210619792342186, -0.023138653486967087, -0.03217511624097824, -0.07312292605638504, 0.06820173561573029, 0.02308488078415394, -0.00639497023075819, 0.02271318808197975, -0.055778585374355316, 0.020501796156167984, -0.04070527106523514, 0.030613698065280914, 0.01956425979733467, 0.02114262618124485, -0.012128470465540886, 0.016810333356261253, -0.06958410143852234, 0.007538139820098877, 0.004603134468197823, -0.006932476069778204, -0.025459550321102142, 0.03437899053096771, 0.030327240005135536, -0.030438268557190895, 0.012518073432147503, 0.025878967717289925, -0.01693524606525898, -0.022383078932762146, 0.03194200620055199, -0.023047493770718575, 0.05716867372393608, 0.037531010806560516, 0.04934052377939224, -0.05574905499815941, -0.01655707322061062, -0.07780333608388901, 0.029727395623922348, -0.04082614183425903, -0.02166997827589512, -0.028631405904889107, -0.0015879502752795815, 0.004050176125019789, 0.021663591265678406, -0.018250225111842155, -0.004863345064222813, 0.03189602866768837, 0.009561046026647091, -0.006102302111685276, 0.04751712456345558, 0.04900682717561722, 0.029782354831695557, 0.05483321100473404, 0.08750750124454498, 0.01879299059510231, -0.04291696101427078, 0.03733754903078079, -0.011769335716962814, 0.027748562395572662, -0.04141850024461746, 0.014155249111354351, 0.007744294591248035, 0.02111300826072693, 0.024207519367337227, 0.0019980950746685266, -0.01665802113711834, 0.03999997675418854, -0.026062320917844772, -0.042160339653491974, 0.01831204444169998, 0.05077061429619789, 0.06909845024347305, 0.0068163094110786915, 0.025375109165906906, 0.022640636190772057, 0.034716542810201645, -0.006285449489951134, 0.01827070862054825, -0.01724149100482464, -0.02121683768928051, -0.008758623152971268, -0.040152158588171005, -0.05534161627292633, -0.02131091058254242, -0.030057422816753387, 0.00649287598207593, 0.011665108613669872, -0.0024443387519568205, -0.028029393404722214, -0.04348830133676529, -0.012199444696307182, 0.009043151512742043, 0.017855653539299965, 0.08064711838960648, -0.023109348490834236, -0.04562889039516449, -0.10524946451187134, 0.03226667642593384, 0.061333492398262024, 0.002714188303798437, 0.030359208583831787, -0.03212588280439377, 0.03790450468659401, 0.009426945820450783, 0.030280686914920807, 0.0650988444685936, 0.06363800913095474, 0.012926937080919743, -0.01617399975657463, 0.02908921055495739, -0.04107876121997833, 0.055808424949645996, -0.0832814872264862, -0.06079975888133049, -0.01729952171444893, 0.004243139177560806, -0.051901884377002716, -0.0002839826629497111, -0.03560779243707657, 0.03408398479223251, -0.05909302830696106, 0.04012217000126839, 0.008721494115889072, -0.04873146861791611, -0.050721339881420135, -0.036624275147914886, 0.029100516811013222, -0.007204335182905197, -0.004993418697267771, 0.043084800243377686, -0.05097956955432892, -0.0499924011528492, 0.015559995546936989, -0.009412053972482681, 0.029778078198432922, -0.005631793290376663, 0.02148905210196972, 0.05698222294449806, 0.019907252863049507, 0.02970816008746624, 0.016528090462088585, -0.04186130315065384, -0.022392354905605316, -0.00950398575514555, 0.002423615427687764, 0.008750393986701965, -0.015428231097757816, -0.018441583961248398, -0.02963602915406227, -0.04218791052699089, -0.022733520716428757, -0.017975976690649986, 0.015001087449491024, 0.018528835847973824, -0.09723715484142303, -0.018259963020682335, 0.03655245155096054, 0.0382240004837513, -0.020481878891587257, 0.0023918692022562027, -0.06065301597118378, -0.000261373003013432, 0.06362538039684296, -0.00033116640406660736, -0.010748487897217274, -0.08394082635641098, -0.0009565885411575437, 0.036842625588178635, 0.041466910392045975, -0.0005771624273620546, 0.0252622552216053, -0.0188610777258873, 0.029469773173332214, -0.036034099757671356, -0.047395676374435425, -0.05459563061594963, -0.0038535678759217262, -0.011025403626263142, -0.09203106164932251, 0.01156621053814888, 0.08790481090545654, 0.0017791833961382508, -0.050304099917411804, -0.05159822851419449, -0.04539398476481438, 0.004899171646684408, -0.06590186804533005, 0.009285943582654, -0.0948684960603714, 0.029829174280166626, -0.014426905661821365, -0.0022275340743362904, -0.02518261782824993, -0.05620359256863594, -0.012930034659802914, 0.055651403963565826, -0.04208718612790108, 0.015620224177837372, -0.012607155367732048, 0.06188807636499405, 0.060621477663517, -0.0805765688419342, -0.06721045076847076, 0.002120601013302803, -0.07250170409679413, 0.016136623919010162, -0.0064895679242908955, -0.10178826004266739, -0.0639018565416336, -0.022968877106904984, -0.05061880871653557, 0.02289104461669922, -0.0037330761551856995, -0.057601187378168106, 0.018431341275572777, 0.06525422632694244, 0.03471555933356285, -0.022393114864826202, 0.0026749821845442057, 0.017606591805815697, 0.03631731867790222, 0.0048687029629945755, -0.05206841230392456, -0.020012114197015762, -0.01756906695663929, -0.0011814952595159411, -0.041943058371543884, 0.03140099719166756, 0.03372244909405708, -0.003306400729343295, -0.007950608618557453, 0.05268118157982826, 0.02967684715986252, 0.050229646265506744, -0.04945548251271248, 0.04057983309030533, 0.0065157450735569, -0.05866655707359314, 0.017376955598592758, 0.0866992399096489, 0.009080181829631329, 0.06504972279071808, 0.020302528515458107, 0.004117818083614111, 0.015293749049305916, 0.02535531483590603, -0.07609941065311432, -0.03924719616770744, -0.002599807921797037, 0.00197086064144969, 0.014703533612191677, -0.03198909014463425, 0.023889439180493355, -0.02499167062342167, 0.012425560504198074, -0.007435723207890987, -0.008977876976132393, 0.03295702114701271, -0.01973617821931839, -0.003035092493519187, -0.05549554526805878, -0.05595869570970535, -0.04043232277035713, -0.03347752243280411, 0.08497879654169083, -0.08105694502592087, -0.04680026322603226, -0.02026323601603508, -0.022521106526255608, 0.019356751814484596, -0.03504335135221481, -0.03031868487596512, -0.007017115596681833, -0.06505120545625687, -0.05664720758795738, 0.0170979592949152, 0.04569348320364952, -0.0612022764980793, 0.013799650594592094, 0.039621930569410324, 0.027479812502861023, 0.07079516351222992, -0.06172233447432518, -0.008881943300366402, -0.04265586659312248, -0.07037392258644104, 0.01730959862470627, 0.013238983228802681, -0.0007600908284075558, -0.010254373773932457, -0.008151068352162838, 0.03965473175048828 ]
<p>Suppose we view fluids classically, i.e., as a collection of molecules (with some finite size) interacting via e&amp;m and gravitational forces. Presumably we model fluids as continuous objects that satisfy some differential equation. What mathematical result says that modeling fluids as continuous objects can accurately predict the discrete behavior of the particles? I don't know anything about fluid mechanics, so my initial assumption may in itself be wrong.</p>
g187
[ 0.010424879379570484, -0.014496189542114735, 0.0073964823968708515, -0.06162218749523163, 0.031752001494169235, -0.006582456640899181, -0.021341441199183464, 0.01354586984962225, -0.07844612747430801, -0.07640564441680908, 0.029890544712543488, -0.06246091052889824, 0.056207191199064255, -0.04535498842597008, -0.02214503288269043, 0.004639661870896816, -0.015771962702274323, -0.038429293781518936, -0.03793017193675041, 0.008021770976483822, 0.043749354779720306, 0.028040792793035507, 0.0860244482755661, -0.04044821858406067, 0.01757419854402542, 0.03936849161982536, 0.06532367318868637, 0.003949180245399475, -0.041848815977573395, 0.05152497813105583, 0.0273283738642931, 0.025633184239268303, 0.020068276673555374, -0.0317273773252964, -0.005148041527718306, -0.039030201733112335, 0.018443483859300613, -0.008341089822351933, 0.026740625500679016, -0.07263839244842529, 0.03464172035455704, -0.0036521065048873425, 0.022841181606054306, 0.015651026740670204, 0.025228073820471764, -0.04901207610964775, 0.012186896987259388, -0.03692416474223137, 0.017239337787032127, 0.03352299705147743, 0.024968374520540237, 0.03532477840781212, -0.023982707411050797, 0.013477637432515621, -0.006709178909659386, 0.05601935088634491, 0.045535579323768616, 0.034916967153549194, -0.01035496685653925, -0.018373768776655197, 0.025750065222382545, -0.02842828445136547, -0.027756525203585625, -0.02767135202884674, 0.0411851704120636, -0.06749061495065689, -0.0748729556798935, -0.003926468081772327, 0.010189813561737537, -0.01771235466003418, 0.0069276802241802216, -0.06397715210914612, 0.033225659281015396, -0.030568251386284828, -0.04006321355700493, 0.027423040941357613, -0.029791906476020813, 0.024089572951197624, -0.022391052916646004, -0.058611851185560226, -0.014210396446287632, 0.058328744024038315, 0.032887306064367294, -0.021082913503050804, 0.08211537450551987, 0.00846416037529707, -0.025764595717191696, -0.031171347945928574, -0.0070730894804000854, 0.0043602134101092815, -0.01131783239543438, -0.03913084417581558, 0.007861606776714325, 0.015894051641225815, 0.015375975519418716, -0.021176667883992195, -0.03826996311545372, 0.05199228972196579, -0.024903345853090286, -0.0025249894242733717, 0.01823173463344574, 0.06041296571493149, 0.022176656872034073, -0.026541145518422127, -0.026074407622218132, 0.03448132053017616, 0.0024276580661535263, 0.08767184615135193, -0.0019324118038639426, -0.03968259319663048, -0.026449553668498993, 0.009373128414154053, -0.050886232405900955, 0.008797426708042622, -0.019617725163698196, 0.004231711383908987, 0.004056685604155064, 0.00244549079798162, -0.023021090775728226, 0.06122846528887749, -0.007906567305326462, 0.03914337977766991, 0.05047046020627022, 0.08629712462425232, -0.03915668651461601, -0.0565328523516655, -0.012821684591472149, 0.05510113760828972, 0.03423931077122688, -0.014170509763062, 0.035577982664108276, 0.010179353877902031, -0.022015981376171112, -0.049219973385334015, 0.03993741050362587, 0.006316065788269043, -0.018979186192154884, -0.008496768772602081, 0.051544446498155594, 0.017580438405275345, 0.0670238807797432, -0.019171183928847313, 0.016196276992559433, -0.0034571343567222357, -0.044493418186903, -0.009558895602822304, -0.019007371738553047, -0.060509663075208664, -0.02522386983036995, 0.02386997826397419, -0.006415717303752899, 0.10095774382352829, 0.014220030978322029, -0.013387818820774555, 0.00047659905976615846, 0.010377515107393265, -0.008676528930664062, -0.0011241593165323138, -0.024452945217490196, -0.056851621717214584, 0.07452230155467987, -0.031079212203621864, 0.020602699369192123, 0.010052445344626904, -0.06957103312015533, 0.03306407108902931, -0.03531239554286003, -0.07302569597959518, 0.009051086381077766, -0.0020074304193258286, -0.038795121014118195, 0.018210748210549355, -0.0066111390478909016, 0.051026444882154465, 0.017832251265645027, -0.005251710768789053, 0.016784746199846268, -0.0633656308054924, -0.0029904337134212255, -0.035133156925439835, 0.02612285129725933, 0.005044323857873678, 0.012310359627008438, 0.0010328975040465593, -0.028966767713427544, 0.08656191825866699, -0.044798921793699265, 0.07137953490018845, -0.03101525828242302, -0.0346163734793663, -0.0485009104013443, 0.020434333011507988, -0.008757676929235458, -0.009608596563339233, 0.06246679276227951, -0.014202349819242954, 0.028925666585564613, -0.05014245584607124, -0.03606225177645683, 0.043492697179317474, 0.00048754835734143853, 0.05520687997341156, 0.04577534273266792, 0.02351970225572586, 0.003003097604960203, -0.01714138500392437, 0.020926645025610924, -0.02823401242494583, 0.021792396903038025, -0.0013455956941470504, 0.05129730701446533, -0.015662530437111855, -0.03585636243224144, 0.01144515909254551, -0.048136502504348755, -0.052083346992731094, -0.008511662483215332, 0.03380325436592102, -0.002111775102093816, -0.024941645562648773, -0.0806097760796547, -0.003468624781817198, -0.011153778992593288, 0.028913352638483047, -0.03693708777427673, -0.005932965315878391, 0.06425058841705322, 0.0003761929110623896, 0.02601327933371067, 0.038842201232910156, -0.051960017532110214, -0.028640728443861008, 0.03605184704065323, -0.024197760969400406, 0.05999108403921127, 0.03768723085522652, -0.06884483247995377, -0.001471951138228178, 0.06964854896068573, 0.024133337661623955, 0.022711865603923798, -0.01693946309387684, -0.03604475408792496, -0.03744092956185341, 0.0179743729531765, -0.03369065001606941, 0.003576916176825762, -0.0005802829982712865, 0.020392868667840958, 0.06546454131603241, 0.007804553024470806, 0.0073461574502289295, -0.030096501111984253, 0.027525819838047028, 0.0146388104185462, -0.000013941800716565922, -0.04237891733646393, 0.04378581419587135, -0.008956830948591232, 0.009712904691696167, -0.08714840561151505, 0.013632487505674362, 0.020649392157793045, 0.038214340806007385, 0.003326334757730365, -0.06389511376619339, -0.015795676037669182, 0.03567136079072952, -0.003238104283809662, 0.002175211440771818, 0.030476894229650497, -0.003453225130215287, -0.008145173080265522, 0.035432182252407074, -0.025649216026067734, 0.012629454955458641, 0.021541813388466835, 0.006022545974701643, -0.0038766725920140743, -0.011500289663672447, -0.01448123063892126, -0.010737276636064053, -0.052836596965789795, 0.023480918258428574, 0.040942128747701645, -0.04457225650548935, -0.015615380369126797, 0.02158532664179802, -0.004733883775770664, 0.020369306206703186, 0.060811594128608704, 0.1029038205742836, -0.017727507278323174, 0.005564219783991575, -0.07848171144723892, 0.046301666647195816, 0.014512180350720882, 0.023030344396829605, -0.02616100385785103, 0.06343303620815277, -0.022834163159132004, 0.006722633261233568, 0.018199915066361427, 0.026592116802930832, 0.005246337968856096, -0.011744830757379532, -0.07251172512769699, -0.0199130792170763, 0.006739327684044838, -0.10280346125364304, 0.0669359564781189, 0.06091457977890968, -0.04882684722542763, -0.0018673829035833478, -0.03375149145722389, -0.03435902297496796, -0.012019248679280281, 0.02247968502342701, -0.005074245389550924, -0.04079297184944153, 0.03385614603757858, -0.04035094007849693, 0.03206436336040497, -0.04272022470831871, 0.03435701131820679, 0.03176605701446533, -0.06531024724245071, -0.02128797583281994, 0.056364987045526505, 0.03953202813863754, 0.0516238771378994, -0.01344486977905035, 0.04492631554603577, 0.008393201045691967, -0.007108259946107864, -0.05145400017499924, -0.06669587641954422, -0.024274108931422234, 0.038723912090063095, -0.008583161048591137, -0.012739384546875954, -0.006401836406439543, -0.030988968908786774, -0.03747731074690819, -0.049588702619075775, 0.024002186954021454, -0.026550859212875366, 0.014260571449995041, 0.02451212704181671, -0.02414429746568203, -0.020253252238035202, -0.04259147495031357, 0.04380868747830391, -0.0036227013915777206, -0.02590091899037361, -0.015926087275147438, 0.0676424503326416, 0.025786690413951874, 0.02920282818377018, 0.005020682699978352, -0.01735607348382473, -0.020280545577406883, 0.00824512168765068, 0.0518178716301918, 0.05144011601805687, 0.016367390751838684, 0.005382123403251171, 0.04149049147963524, -0.0016386108472943306, -0.039537571370601654, -0.05087330564856529, 0.007013517897576094, -0.018425002694129944, 0.010603358969092369, 0.06586722284555435, -0.015782220289111137, 0.028575468808412552, -0.017618481069803238, -0.008368671871721745, -0.021473169326782227, 0.044927287846803665, 0.07916826009750366, -0.0072813499718904495, 0.04569258913397789, -0.0020315402653068304, 0.03544888272881508, -0.013319948688149452, -0.06306546926498413, 0.016322938725352287, -0.029071537777781487, 0.021154221147298813, -0.05231897905468941, 0.027185164391994476, 0.02351999096572399, -0.017227357253432274, -0.013110247440636158, 0.007891449145972729, 0.031407810747623444, 0.017590338364243507, 0.016230568289756775, 0.004094989039003849, -0.015487585216760635, -0.05459968373179436, -0.020358463749289513, 0.03958721458911896, -0.015778673812747, -0.0012096753343939781, -0.017802048474550247, -0.035516612231731415, -0.038977958261966705, 0.03262973949313164, -0.0011519441613927484, -0.003437178675085306, -0.0416366383433342, -0.030139967799186707, 0.028167879208922386, -0.011939030140638351, -0.04553491249680519, 0.01427410263568163, 0.016757523640990257, 0.07041224837303162, 0.0017375304596498609, -0.06568196415901184, 0.031518034636974335, -0.02287529781460762, -0.0008304377552121878, 0.021742597222328186, 0.031854502856731415, -0.09747417271137238, -0.07437130063772202, -0.004019291140139103, -0.0021600755862891674, 0.012688455171883106, 0.07677730172872543, -0.02453557401895523, 0.03520150110125542, -0.018694167956709862, 0.033240508288145065, 0.018564041703939438, -0.01691647432744503, 0.006148786284029484, 0.01811087131500244, 0.021888509392738342, -0.041780419647693634, 0.006074666045606136, 0.09169845283031464, -0.04593962803483009, -0.01966945081949234, -0.0188978873193264, -0.008439063094556332, -0.015730371698737144, 0.009832180105149746, -0.0332486629486084, 0.007773172575980425, 0.0006193122244440019, -0.007622578181326389, -0.015026851557195187, -0.0022829605732113123, 0.02172502689063549, 0.028631415218114853, -0.03960946947336197, 0.001102757640182972, -0.007975276559591293, 0.06593801081180573, -0.0046654073521494865, 0.0029228515923023224, -0.015650838613510132, -0.022762011736631393, -0.024655716493725777, -0.03210790455341339, -0.03681923449039459, 0.05191193148493767, 0.03390177711844444, -0.024643829092383385, -0.012433579191565514, -0.04300345107913017, -0.0263676717877388, 0.03098948858678341, 0.05969619378447533, -0.03125162050127983, -0.02408592775464058, -0.00919032096862793, 0.04398733749985695, 0.019213082268834114, -0.013184093870222569, 0.036245208233594894, 0.009959602728486061, 0.03159092739224434, -0.03278375789523125, 0.07586029917001724, 0.03928786888718605, -0.044568564742803574, 0.0329892635345459, -0.05944380164146423, -0.06749691814184189, -0.046515125781297684, -0.009138028137385845, -0.034861497581005096, 0.02725185453891754, 0.049454279243946075, -0.07483818382024765, 0.0018946320051327348, 0.031206408515572548, -0.012819668278098106, 0.0024676239117980003, 0.10649368911981583, 0.03494955226778984, -0.04159336909651756, -0.028340646997094154, 0.047221146523952484, 0.015759525820612907, 0.019703183323144913, 0.04270007461309433, 0.06830541789531708, -0.020948734134435654, 0.007109435740858316, -0.051155347377061844, -0.004057370126247406, -0.014667845331132412, -0.03122027777135372, 0.015179362148046494, 0.015133228152990341, -0.0007578967488370836, 0.05298445746302605, -0.02241497114300728, 0.025407826527953148, -0.008949694223701954, 0.01359574869275093, 0.01571349985897541, 0.06328184902667999, 0.04508234187960625, 0.0403587743639946, -0.054761141538619995, -0.01069555338472128, -0.0311223566532135, 0.023873327299952507, 0.000012884297575510573, 0.02934064157307148, 0.03912064805626869, 0.008001796901226044, -0.0318353995680809, 0.024527238681912422, 0.026627056300640106, 0.023476475849747658, 0.05810099467635155, 0.043110527098178864, 0.014702343381941319, 0.04832431674003601, 0.07423780113458633, -0.009553090669214725, -0.027523959055542946, 0.04676707834005356, -0.014667919836938381, 0.004738357849419117, 0.04346374049782753, 0.0211564339697361, 0.023326070979237556, -0.03810223937034607, 0.0024433229118585587, 0.024190397933125496, -0.03263965621590614, 0.01903306506574154, 0.007369298953562975, -0.028050202876329422, 0.026218755170702934, -0.0619845949113369, 0.05440809577703476, 0.010553542524576187, 0.014183416031301022, 0.041167352348566055, -0.026868535205721855, 0.004802927374839783, 0.05243420600891113, -0.013941740617156029, -0.01466036681085825, -0.02394697815179825, -0.04088497534394264, -0.03874390944838524, -0.04774889722466469, 0.010991265997290611, 0.06070316582918167, -0.04387691989541054, -0.015739865601062775, -0.023952079936861992, 0.031073501333594322, 0.048842497169971466, -0.0665433257818222, -0.03888808190822601, 0.014749068766832352, 0.0036404249258339405, 0.034257419407367706, -0.04180238023400307, -0.0318436436355114, -0.054402269423007965, 0.001690406585112214, -0.02452453039586544, 0.02594258449971676, 0.050266291946172714, -0.04058143123984337, 0.013712944462895393, -0.00008314130536746234, 0.0635295882821083, 0.013497534207999706, 0.004213820677250624, 0.01680910587310791, 0.003068190533667803, -0.05165573209524155, 0.011756617575883865, 0.024795720353722572, 0.003990683704614639, -0.0568929947912693, 0.005163068883121014, 0.010098489001393318, -0.0032831698190420866, 0.001475474564358592, -0.051752831786870956, -0.014866137877106667, 0.01823771744966507, 0.03550351411104202, -0.009617313742637634, -0.02211465686559677, 0.015285738743841648, -0.008285732008516788, -0.10991242527961731, -0.0032962255645543337, -0.0062004579231143, -0.039803631603717804, 0.009582659229636192, 0.07328857481479645, 0.02856019325554371, -0.026003431528806686, -0.00849349144846201, 0.0153920603916049, 0.0582125149667263, -0.017877981066703796, 0.002502261195331812, -0.0703105628490448, 0.012215428054332733, 0.023622704669833183, 0.029514649882912636, 0.05166138708591461, 0.027143290266394615, 0.03332449123263359, -0.02573058381676674, -0.047848451882600784, -0.04193701222538948, 0.06190848723053932, 0.04361187666654587, -0.08240926265716553, -0.023875966668128967, 0.014370455406606197, -0.029262693598866463, 0.02713451348245144, -0.022127626463770866, -0.014285308308899403, 0.03714078664779663, 0.017476314678788185, -0.044052813202142715, 0.015255948528647423, -0.023451711982488632, -0.020046288147568703, -0.027355268597602844, -0.049842964857816696, -0.008205654099583626, -0.013459054753184319, -0.01610676757991314, -0.008159440010786057, -0.026708127930760384, 0.032608531415462494, -0.03253454342484474, 0.0362681970000267, -0.04980377480387688, -0.01741904579102993, 0.0523001030087471, 0.016896270215511322, -0.05977046862244606, -0.013237996026873589, 0.0479465052485466, 0.06272096186876297, 0.024883324280381203, 0.052080683410167694, 0.09054498374462128, 0.04136946424841881, 0.04695825278759003, -0.03917514532804489, 0.037329621613025665, 0.00414934242144227, -0.038921307772397995, -0.028436828404664993, -0.01914825290441513, -0.009907282888889313, -0.010228382423520088, -0.018043747171759605, -0.03990299627184868, -0.040655020624399185, -0.010774758644402027, 0.04246904328465462, 0.023930976167321205, 0.035381980240345, 0.01847880706191063, -0.024767018854618073, 0.0005340302595868707, 0.000899246777407825, -0.061865948140621185, 0.01624808833003044, 0.0017482615076005459, -0.026713402941823006, -0.024891041219234467, -0.002702034078538418, -0.02678583562374115, -0.051870957016944885, -0.03188832104206085, 0.021402273327112198, 0.003835309064015746, 0.022709565237164497, -0.029587848111987114, -0.05630616471171379, -0.05089437589049339, 0.04657447710633278, -0.02477041818201542, -0.02842092141509056, -0.006361188367009163, 0.00161726213991642, -0.021122759208083153, -0.015964433550834656, -0.06231020763516426, -0.08162203431129456, -0.04731350764632225, -0.006308040115982294, 0.025066331028938293, -0.08414663374423981, 0.008799702860414982, -0.009958121925592422, -0.019058825448155403, -0.0018342379480600357, 0.041424453258514404, 0.019052861258387566, 0.013033946044743061, 0.002608273411169648, -0.012625849805772305, -0.012923164293169975, -0.026315711438655853, 0.0319657027721405, 0.0250846054404974, 0.028367429971694946, -0.033360082656145096, -0.030841778963804245, -0.023602116852998734, 0.045194171369075775, 0.0692577138543129, 0.03409599885344505, 0.0032478212378919125, 0.022007979452610016, 0.011000573635101318, 0.03458131477236748, -0.10417667031288147, -0.05210783705115318, 0.038634371012449265, -0.04246152192354202, -0.03565748408436775, -0.03876655176281929, 0.00006215302710188553, 0.003993503749370575, 0.009237655438482761, -0.03801753744482994, -0.017642904072999954, -0.0005560718709602952, 0.06124980375170708 ]
<blockquote> <p>If it takes work W to stretch a Hooke’s-law spring (F = kx) a distance d from its unstressed length, determine the extra work required to stretch it an additional distance d (Hint: draw a graph and give answer in terms of W!).</p> </blockquote> <p>I don't understand why the answer is not 2W since Force is proportional to x, or even how to begin using a graph to disprove why the answer is not 2W. Any help would be greatly appreciated.</p>
g4560
[ 0.05436130613088608, 0.07149390131235123, 0.012524392455816269, 0.008138919249176979, -0.004144309554249048, -0.007192334625869989, 0.030392536893486977, -0.03154429793357849, -0.02869276888668537, -0.058067142963409424, -0.037003517150878906, -0.017237447202205658, 0.013299588114023209, -0.04000213369727135, 0.04828347638249397, 0.05487123876810074, 0.06500836461782455, -0.05947279557585716, 0.03219416365027428, -0.0049535720609128475, -0.027546057477593422, 0.01925409585237503, -0.010857507586479187, -0.0486900731921196, -0.014967507682740688, -0.06718744337558746, 0.02737639658153057, -0.025860924273729324, -0.10913904756307602, -0.00801554974168539, 0.026516903191804886, 0.005593557376414537, 0.007304388098418713, -0.10144075751304626, -0.06907729804515839, 0.051471441984176636, 0.031865525990724564, 0.04216236248612404, 0.027498258277773857, 0.02973746322095394, -0.022997071966528893, -0.023116357624530792, 0.022160643711686134, 0.009778140112757683, -0.0010599675588309765, -0.03816085681319237, -0.03939209505915642, 0.07108699530363083, 0.049750786274671555, -0.005684876348823309, -0.009594142436981201, 0.05439361557364464, 0.017828531563282013, -0.020180098712444305, -0.0014094185316935182, 0.024595417082309723, 0.06564407795667648, -0.0759364664554596, 0.05577494949102402, 0.0012977896258234978, -0.02391323260962963, 0.01420740969479084, 0.02148454636335373, -0.03555794060230255, 0.006395318079739809, -0.024517914280295372, 0.0459340363740921, -0.016171278432011604, 0.02433396689593792, 0.03124312311410904, -0.01437948364764452, -0.04757723957300186, 0.03836072236299515, -0.011683977209031582, -0.06513294577598572, -0.0015286648413166404, 0.0068184491246938705, 0.07323279976844788, -0.02726721204817295, -0.023373132571578026, 0.01435712818056345, 0.007008744403719902, -0.034117165952920914, 0.012405015528202057, 0.057509083300828934, 0.018971510231494904, 0.007087247911840677, 0.005562121514230967, 0.010450364090502262, 0.06122932955622673, -0.01896420493721962, -0.011050825007259846, 0.08436036854982376, 0.00677513750270009, -0.041794050484895706, -0.0658501461148262, 0.012276756577193737, 0.05987473577260971, 0.012397894635796547, 0.013149570673704147, -0.015644021332263947, -0.03633985295891762, -0.022750766947865486, -0.04667109251022339, -0.03625881299376488, -0.012377590872347355, 0.06423711031675339, 0.020103756338357925, -0.003963921219110489, -0.03031042218208313, -0.03099377639591694, -0.028318051248788834, 0.012385488487780094, 0.022135421633720398, -0.0026607851032167673, -0.019767586141824722, 0.04178645834326744, -0.05415200814604759, 0.015135243535041809, 0.01745784282684326, 0.027970725670456886, -0.002040636260062456, 0.0548575259745121, -0.009497934952378273, -0.03258417919278145, -0.03774365037679672, 0.036358870565891266, 0.035814572125673294, 0.01221480406820774, -0.056303441524505615, 0.013507012277841568, 0.06697679311037064, 0.0029708787333220243, 0.02430664747953415, -0.07176125049591064, 0.019464809447526932, -0.025136085227131844, 0.009627409279346466, 0.006134441122412682, 0.03741021081805229, -0.06092659384012222, -0.014738271944224834, 0.01335233822464943, -0.021314196288585663, -0.026027798652648926, 0.0539676696062088, -0.044427599757909775, -0.016313202679157257, 0.032169073820114136, -0.038651783019304276, -0.031636469066143036, 0.07424957305192947, -0.003639299189671874, -0.026673197746276855, 0.04701061174273491, -0.019127150997519493, 0.041629113256931305, -0.008446754887700081, 0.013779417611658573, 0.005862557794898748, 0.04409826919436455, -0.04336291551589966, -0.016804609447717667, 0.0053009712137281895, -0.028330307453870773, 0.007768872659653425, -0.004679951351135969, 0.015546701848506927, -0.012478022836148739, -0.06931859254837036, -0.07393280416727066, -0.01887245662510395, 0.050221849232912064, 0.012253882363438606, -0.0464676134288311, -0.01040700450539589, 0.013472492806613445, -0.0007837560842745006, 0.015669217333197594, 0.021535325795412064, -0.03258061781525612, 0.02321506291627884, 0.04146727919578552, 0.02724236249923706, -0.04406771808862686, 0.025833962485194206, 0.007746491115540266, -0.0378350205719471, -0.03359713405370712, -0.04064393416047096, -0.02134399116039276, 0.0001197518504341133, -0.024596529081463814, 0.02164154127240181, -0.011918590404093266, -0.01420328114181757, 0.05173216387629509, -0.02709229663014412, 0.014335542917251587, -0.00627782242372632, 0.022349338978528976, 0.04352959990501404, -0.0004734021204058081, 0.017438111826777458, -0.006158888805657625, 0.03293281048536301, -0.03436655178666115, 0.00026728337979875505, 0.06280095875263214, 0.014609121717512608, 0.02018010802567005, -0.03794759139418602, 0.037978414446115494, 0.025635454803705215, -0.041461944580078125, -0.060999397188425064, -0.020354310050606728, 0.04089457914233208, -0.021333040669560432, 0.006933417171239853, -0.014030072838068008, -0.028259331360459328, 0.02258635126054287, 0.01792365126311779, -0.03399183601140976, -0.02659650705754757, 0.0007809392409399152, -0.017889391630887985, -0.03730592131614685, 0.01578124612569809, 0.012313101440668106, -0.041899289935827255, -0.03701893985271454, 0.007319137454032898, 0.05320672690868378, 0.058642808347940445, 0.010512648150324821, 0.024130595847964287, -0.004478329326957464, 0.0022864106576889753, 0.0969681367278099, -0.04554428905248642, 0.022318445146083832, -0.019647426903247833, 0.05273338779807091, -0.009497787803411484, 0.0456358902156353, 0.049320146441459656, 0.01901797391474247, 0.05261943116784096, -0.0047025601379573345, 0.003753948723897338, -0.02329718880355358, 0.005316905677318573, 0.030217336490750313, 0.029176702722907066, -0.01103490125387907, 0.013369059190154076, -0.0252891443669796, -0.06625813245773315, -0.008790520951151848, -0.029461095109581947, -0.0016295122914016247, -0.023298759013414383, -0.07985718548297882, 0.0031114283483475447, -0.04149843752384186, -0.01988953910768032, 0.04846815764904022, -0.027715306729078293, 0.006273288745433092, 0.022755436599254608, -0.05777447670698166, -0.016526594758033752, -0.005243720021098852, -0.04314744472503662, 0.0164523683488369, -0.03791782259941101, 0.0068154423497617245, 0.04635239392518997, 0.02015186846256256, -0.011477532796561718, -0.032134972512722015, 0.040893517434597015, 0.011249339208006859, -0.016623642295598984, 0.005850621033459902, -0.015829620882868767, -0.04259506240487099, -0.052797164767980576, -0.029270300641655922, 0.04890584945678711, 0.047480687499046326, 0.003908302169293165, 0.024178965017199516, 0.06273166090250015, -0.011785031296312809, -0.021209169179201126, -0.009989801794290543, -0.006738762836903334, -0.017742840573191643, -0.05193895474076271, -0.009339614771306515, 0.02791040763258934, 0.022699406370520592, 0.028517870232462883, -0.023341050371527672, -0.0664176419377327, -0.006183051969856024, 0.07459638267755508, -0.026252813637256622, 0.017310328781604767, 0.0754401683807373, -0.03604752942919731, -0.08067026734352112, -0.020978597924113274, -0.012097344733774662, 0.002726217033341527, -0.015205406583845615, -0.042739905416965485, 0.04232658073306084, -0.044348523020744324, 0.01932471990585327, 0.008822561241686344, -0.03210137411952019, 0.03537246957421303, -0.040960732847452164, 0.023183735087513924, -0.04148513078689575, -0.0073051149956882, -0.004123271442949772, -0.032733820378780365, 0.012179558165371418, -0.07746584713459015, -0.038984354585409164, -0.10224144160747528, 0.04587671905755997, 0.036411091685295105, 0.015644697472453117, 0.07873734831809998, -0.05627889931201935, -0.025510340929031372, -0.08178377151489258, -0.0033828679006546736, -0.0036927475593984127, 0.02214326336979866, 0.014146821573376656, 0.023420361801981926, 0.06165868043899536, -0.022378627210855484, 0.0005437558284029365, -0.039173394441604614, -0.03140014782547951, 0.007344848942011595, 0.0694965198636055, 0.0023895243648439646, 0.023046154528856277, -0.01854543201625347, -0.043684981763362885, -0.013349383138120174, 0.06647737324237823, 0.016897954046726227, -0.047639649361371994, 0.005070259794592857, -0.023210298269987106, 0.011279751546680927, 0.05434712767601013, 0.08196079730987549, -0.014621790498495102, 0.0008465765276923776, 0.025664040818810463, -0.09641725569963455, 0.03874969482421875, 0.057461630553007126, 0.05540972203016281, -0.00861251913011074, 0.011467239819467068, 0.02810811810195446, -0.006245308555662632, 0.02382318116724491, 0.030335962772369385, 0.04552662745118141, -0.004617925733327866, -0.018038151785731316, -0.025589946657419205, -0.05543572083115578, -0.021985188126564026, -0.008168389089405537, 0.024842988699674606, 0.019029177725315094, -0.02784329652786255, -0.0629810243844986, -0.05338102951645851, 0.000868737231940031, 0.017715943977236748, -0.013735483400523663, -0.012504138983786106, 0.01742568425834179, -0.019733188673853874, -0.002480176743119955, -0.0075672990642488, 0.04965643584728241, -0.026631882414221764, 0.0668102279305458, -0.008044048212468624, -0.011729896999895573, 0.032790135592222214, -0.03579694777727127, 0.028885867446660995, 0.004640894941985607, 0.02566535957157612, -0.05858961120247841, 0.0013387913350015879, -0.0728711187839508, 0.013370230793952942, -0.05840853229165077, 0.056335218250751495, -0.0004563132824841887, -0.031033292412757874, 0.02342495135962963, 0.028499513864517212, 0.029344307258725166, 0.022716322913765907, -0.010277485474944115, 0.019137326627969742, 0.045508574694395065, -0.008083479478955269, -0.03024282678961754, 0.025205526500940323, -0.017548443749547005, -0.06396514177322388, 0.023659737780690193, 0.002183484612032771, -0.006049323361366987, -0.02252323180437088, 0.040242984890937805, 0.024171294644474983, 0.08254072815179825, -0.06602028012275696, 0.038290783762931824, -0.028114652261137962, -0.002564874943345785, 0.017254265025258064, 0.02064874768257141, -0.03002992831170559, 0.00619125971570611, -0.044590141624212265, -0.06186389550566673, -0.020907795056700706, 0.03642570599913597, -0.04185192659497261, -0.031497757881879807, 0.027890658006072044, -0.012386169284582138, 0.029971128329634666, 0.030435066670179367, -0.002224075375124812, 0.008583000861108303, -0.0011676459107547998, 0.029873128980398178, -0.009896652773022652, -0.004557720851153135, 0.0403030626475811, 0.029683317989110947, 0.0023345076479017735, 0.02550274319946766, -0.060099147260189056, -0.015497163869440556, -0.03887278586626053, 0.04536910727620125, 0.019758371636271477, 0.005200935527682304, -0.001679571345448494, -0.017700189724564552, 0.05269642174243927, 0.021209388971328735, 0.03345802426338196, 0.034712426364421844, 0.0024796335492283106, -0.02061108872294426, -0.014006287790834904, -0.004936472978442907, -0.022267121821641922, -0.036536216735839844, 0.05776038020849228, 0.0063869585283100605, -0.02611450105905533, -0.00020069212769158185, 0.027177149429917336, -0.000247458228841424, 0.06973117589950562, 0.09818841516971588, 0.007139088120311499, 0.0224063228815794, -0.010896711610257626, 0.025189537554979324, 0.03917780891060829, 0.03532823920249939, 0.03785480186343193, -0.011596334166824818, -0.015258826315402985, 0.038812581449747086, 0.00701234070584178, 0.0062267673201859, -0.026563577353954315, 0.0675828829407692, 0.03587062284350395, 0.025220949202775955, 0.005628408398479223, 0.010158654302358627, -0.013950134627521038, 0.0054986728355288506, 0.02918975241482258, -0.007454968988895416, 0.018211711198091507, 0.023067891597747803, 0.031218571588397026, -0.011840201914310455, -0.04345892369747162, 0.023687833920121193, 0.14607013761997223, 0.05074477195739746, 0.05744660273194313, -0.019361842423677444, -0.009713729843497276, 0.03471159562468529, -0.04559667035937309, -0.07174349576234818, -0.03337021917104721, 0.004177954979240894, 0.024615244939923286, 0.043705444782972336, -0.029356172308325768, -0.05116153135895729, -0.0002850483579095453, -0.05244652181863785, 0.057999104261398315, -0.029599184170365334, -0.02400207705795765, -0.05149836838245392, -0.025105293840169907, -0.040406111627817154, 0.08500860631465912, 0.011794469319283962, -0.04876117408275604, -0.0050148251466453075, -0.0016756349941715598, -0.026507705450057983, 0.013284768909215927, -0.011291226372122765, -0.04291129112243652, 0.014990316703915596, -0.039070405066013336, 0.030287476256489754, -0.028438614681363106, 0.00415185047313571, 0.06348691880702972, -0.0887640193104744, 0.027185723185539246, 0.013794488273561, 0.015029153786599636, 0.030036309733986855, -0.032278332859277725, 0.0048521095886826515, 0.042994655668735504, -0.09267337620258331, -0.055739156901836395, 0.04187401011586189, 0.07614657282829285, 0.042025357484817505, -0.02320544235408306, -0.015257702209055424, -0.005327151622623205, 0.06481891125440598, 0.01121376920491457, 0.014776840806007385, -0.021415799856185913, -0.03243372589349747, -0.017849590629339218, -0.01029765885323286, -0.059575341641902924, 0.0023169906344264746, 0.005229712463915348, -0.03852035105228424, -0.00903434306383133, 0.034848134964704514, -0.019493594765663147, -0.015457258559763432, 0.06127753108739853, -0.02333720214664936, -0.04604335129261017, -0.011811005882918835, -0.002309973118826747, 0.010282976552844048, -0.026287280023097992, 0.004359595477581024, 0.04572261497378349, 0.04514927789568901, -0.006504562217742205, 0.004499063361436129, 0.027202701196074486, 0.06602752208709717, 0.0916193425655365, -0.0634605661034584, 0.02938763052225113, -0.002924860455095768, -0.019738147035241127, -0.018802549690008163, 0.00278610922396183, -0.041609026491642, -0.035961251705884933, 0.0887010395526886, 0.03280654922127724, 0.028405986726284027, -0.0051003810949623585, -0.010514670982956886, 0.009376882575452328, -0.03351004421710968, -0.029276167973876, -0.04277908802032471, 0.027637524530291557, -0.049381185322999954, 0.016619998961687088, -0.024138193577528, 0.03571832552552223, 0.013375886715948582, -0.052117448300123215, -0.019664382562041283, 0.001961803762242198, 0.028430648148059845, 0.020646365359425545, 0.04579675570130348, -0.06359537690877914, 0.018612690269947052, 0.003170877229422331, 0.07117253541946411, -0.0175066739320755, 0.07578275352716446, 0.03844833746552467, 0.07710539549589157, -0.056014157831668854, -0.00728917820379138, -0.031564053148031235, -0.01412287075072527, -0.03847946226596832, -0.042370639741420746, 0.016341015696525574, -0.0141914626583457, -0.0666118636727333, 0.03725045919418335, 0.0042340438812971115, 0.04654626175761223, -0.0316472053527832, -0.03638906031847, 0.000005616362159344135, -0.014772926457226276, 0.005081243347376585, -0.05212797224521637, 0.009945192374289036, -0.014653898775577545, -0.05949389934539795, -0.02116389200091362, 0.03996511921286583, 0.0030795445200055838, -0.037480805069208145, 0.08003201335668564, -0.028400959447026253, 0.04049009829759598, -0.03511851653456688, 0.00852853711694479, 0.009779118932783604, 0.001509939436800778, 0.0069116572849452496, -0.007691884413361549, 0.048354584723711014, 0.0035419086925685406, 0.006701767910271883, -0.008454442955553532, -0.004604321904480457, -0.031151970848441124, 0.018744101747870445, 0.02831856720149517, -0.04457712918519974, -0.0254204161465168, -0.023276232182979584, 0.039007123559713364, -0.00858352892100811, 0.018344666808843613, 0.0309965331107378, 0.012757601216435432, -0.03279924765229225, 0.04583999142050743, -0.027958909049630165, -0.014668489806354046, 0.013744236901402473, 0.020260892808437347, 0.019303852692246437, -0.01472646463662386, 0.0312555693089962, -0.01727195829153061, 0.03450759872794151, 0.006252756807953119, -0.0451633594930172, 0.04018644243478775, 0.006789019796997309, 0.011586380191147327, -0.058315251022577286, -0.012575581669807434, -0.08090945333242416, -0.06399103254079819, 0.011515779420733452, -0.010493890382349491, -0.011169414967298508, -0.01550520583987236, 0.050988901406526566, 0.0017864868277683854, 0.01034532394260168, -0.009786687791347504, 0.008926892653107643, -0.07797492295503616, -0.006844579242169857, -0.021811969578266144, 0.018380803987383842, -0.03261546045541763, -0.0423116534948349, -0.048377301543951035, -0.0253535695374012, -0.018825111910700798, -0.04377976804971695, 0.00477704918012023, 0.008567873388528824, -0.06906438618898392, 0.03492307662963867, -0.015809621661901474, -0.058075692504644394, -0.004738371819257736, 0.024610096588730812, 0.0013710205676034093, 0.027754366397857666, 0.029972681775689125, -0.034912411123514175, 0.004649267997592688, -0.03522710129618645, -0.03553885221481323, 0.02013704739511013, -0.05117963254451752, -0.013864281587302685, 0.05620710179209709, 0.07109319418668747, -0.0007763017201796174, 0.002736164489760995, -0.00882051419466734, 0.04623347520828247, -0.0061157215386629105, -0.018972957506775856, -0.04392346367239952, -0.029674768447875977, 0.026534004136919975, 0.03974771872162819, -0.00750013766810298, -0.061256829649209976, 0.01741265505552292, -0.024018315598368645, 0.026606019586324692, 0.025074413046240807, -0.017543256282806396, -0.010105680674314499, 0.0030746294651180506 ]
<p>Is it possible to reclaim nuclear waste from commercial reactors for useful purposes, if not necessarily energy production?</p>
g4561
[ 0.019421739503741264, 0.04660410061478615, 0.004617707803845406, 0.009234294295310974, -0.00012521306052803993, -0.029347075149416924, -0.009854277595877647, 0.030258534476161003, 0.0024329652078449726, -0.005427679046988487, 0.03209099918603897, 0.026775365695357323, 0.011873909272253513, -0.03581644967198372, -0.03473694622516632, -0.008281965740025043, 0.022160964086651802, -0.04142994433641434, -0.012455936521291733, 0.10338311642408371, 0.023990802466869354, -0.07080438733100891, -0.025865737348794937, -0.04810871183872223, -0.06289710104465485, -0.0018304396653547883, -0.00465949485078454, -0.03243742138147354, -0.04172543063759804, -0.03231357783079147, -0.023555107414722443, -0.06438366323709488, 0.02262873947620392, 0.02003062702715397, -0.06703386455774307, -0.06184294447302818, -0.03459476679563522, -0.037100084125995636, 0.07660673558712006, -0.031055305153131485, -0.04914727434515953, 0.014782746322453022, 0.0033932134974747896, -0.015012510120868683, -0.026395214721560478, 0.07378058135509491, 0.025943342596292496, 0.02739003300666809, -0.04182372987270355, -0.011600364930927753, 0.033542390912771225, -0.01935955323278904, -0.01881122589111328, 0.022891787812113762, -0.0357355922460556, -0.038842473179101944, 0.04366416856646538, -0.010749253444373608, 0.033717334270477295, 0.03197135031223297, -0.006803032476454973, 0.07451607286930084, 0.030769670382142067, 0.006390188354998827, 0.044523872435092926, 0.01843949779868126, -0.037523891776800156, 0.037015143781900406, 0.012081652879714966, 0.045192401856184006, 0.03189651295542717, 0.03699126094579697, 0.005778960417956114, -0.0008312601712532341, -0.05725641921162605, 0.03715827688574791, 0.0022539200726896524, 0.004231113940477371, -0.029907751828432083, 0.017062688246369362, -0.05023251846432686, -0.033200155943632126, -0.0236312597990036, 0.03896986320614815, -0.026867901906371117, 0.01836901716887951, 0.005214267875999212, 0.01349108200520277, 0.02240918204188347, 0.011557744815945625, 0.08314474672079086, 0.0410187654197216, 0.05156087502837181, 0.00691009359434247, 0.03306132182478905, -0.0036059871781617403, -0.04319708049297333, -0.021756496280431747, -0.04432359337806702, 0.06040261313319206, 0.007081141695380211, -0.02451799064874649, 0.01754351519048214, -0.040249746292829514, 0.03595921769738197, -0.02327890135347843, 0.04324972629547119, -0.001673879218287766, 0.022672895342111588, -0.013706996105611324, 0.0806749239563942, -0.00016311246145050973, -0.020401351153850555, 0.028170840814709663, 0.0032481553498655558, -0.0036946143954992294, -0.009285139851272106, -0.01024702936410904, -0.04288536310195923, 0.07417744398117065, 0.08865991979837418, 0.0010333374375477433, -0.032373517751693726, 0.0016258946852758527, 0.023117514327168465, 0.027556531131267548, -0.040839117020368576, 0.006644268985837698, 0.07564684748649597, 0.02484414353966713, -0.013672729954123497, -0.027322527021169662, -0.02970384806394577, -0.01523037999868393, 0.08055170625448227, 0.03321797400712967, -0.04185548797249794, 0.004512213636189699, 0.0477064810693264, 0.0003738096565939486, 0.04777814820408821, 0.006096838973462582, 0.013937604613602161, 0.0657641664147377, -0.03184747323393822, 0.03362845256924629, 0.006299304310232401, 0.037934791296720505, -0.03490765765309334, 0.060462500900030136, -0.054079387336969376, -0.0029187046457082033, 0.039434853941202164, -0.0702081024646759, 0.015801478177309036, 0.013996136374771595, -0.021162528544664383, -0.054332632571458817, -0.010228361003100872, -0.04222472384572029, 0.0668829008936882, 0.025074969977140427, 0.033118899911642075, -0.031981877982616425, -0.02099653333425522, -0.04036516696214676, 0.022776685655117035, -0.03541691601276398, -0.02961661107838154, 0.0016479763435199857, -0.06741435825824738, -0.015874335542321205, 0.0013315132819116116, 0.027361592277884483, -0.0034486819058656693, -0.047444868832826614, 0.052686210721731186, 0.006599998101592064, 0.0022770303767174482, -0.030077071860432625, 0.0011086774757131934, 0.011599691584706306, -0.005703210365027189, -0.03647720813751221, 0.056992530822753906, 0.008679886348545551, -0.005752420984208584, 0.00473966496065259, -0.024411534890532494, 0.02834470383822918, 0.05315057933330536, 0.04624878615140915, 0.006043175235390663, 0.014349289238452911, -0.06303168088197708, 0.021169060841202736, -0.06460945308208466, 0.020347656682133675, 0.035552214831113815, 0.06676939129829407, 0.03698991984128952, -0.020840654149651527, 0.00707536144182086, -0.07766810804605484, 0.0247457604855299, -0.07852331548929214, -0.023552102968096733, -0.048247214406728745, -0.0343133918941021, 0.0023888838477432728, 0.019558584317564964, -0.014036317355930805, -0.005935916677117348, -0.017583008855581284, -0.02323688007891178, -0.03335994482040405, -0.07059253752231598, -0.0014552510110661387, 0.018820416182279587, -0.0009280713275074959, -0.03402399644255638, -0.015871688723564148, 0.0186991635710001, 0.045011255890131, 0.026216058060526848, 0.014662262052297592, 0.006867186166346073, -0.011992779560387135, 0.024309242144227028, -0.017526699230074883, 0.015014910139143467, -0.03683523088693619, -0.02362094074487686, -0.057200707495212555, 0.033347681164741516, 0.03655269742012024, 0.03643719479441643, 0.014623891562223434, -0.019295908510684967, 0.00826549157500267, -0.03487900644540787, -0.0018294195178896189, -0.05111243575811386, 0.023087987676262856, -0.026192275807261467, -0.05303972214460373, 0.010979601182043552, 0.014452585019171238, 0.019792156293988228, -0.08157709240913391, 0.03109571523964405, 0.06657008081674576, 0.043646637350320816, -0.015293446369469166, 0.018225621432065964, -0.02763928659260273, 0.039184920489788055, 0.03804238513112068, 0.009717689827084541, 0.019718825817108154, -0.038077328354120255, -0.022723006084561348, 0.04000547155737877, 0.0070143709890544415, 0.019430849701166153, 0.01631147228181362, -0.0446435883641243, 0.018506145104765892, -0.006461024284362793, -0.003445378039032221, -0.041059985756874084, -0.06500235944986343, 0.030592147260904312, 0.03728216886520386, -0.0247972309589386, -0.028795959427952766, 0.03745238482952118, -0.014214306138455868, 0.04531450197100639, -0.015663955360651016, 0.01756194233894348, 0.03114360198378563, 0.005030662287026644, -0.019089244306087494, -0.00736714992672205, 0.017424099147319794, -0.1134115606546402, -0.05280459672212601, 0.030012162402272224, 0.04617340862751007, -0.020053107291460037, -0.021038303151726723, 0.02390354499220848, -0.017279349267482758, -0.04087008163332939, 0.00029491554596461356, -0.002478200476616621, 0.0029813554137945175, -0.026288220658898354, -0.004569801036268473, -0.005352697800844908, -0.041114114224910736, -0.0011352845467627048, 0.052060093730688095, -0.08778654038906097, 0.01628348045051098, -0.053192734718322754, 0.053589604794979095, 0.030460020527243614, -0.01396914478391409, -0.029253192245960236, 0.03484354913234711, -0.0027252929285168648, 0.027071673423051834, 0.012055560946464539, 0.013863939791917801, 0.058419231325387955, -0.08300897479057312, 0.10517597198486328, 0.007681507617235184, -0.00779043510556221, -0.009406326338648796, 0.00868772529065609, 0.025593800470232964, -0.0093951765447855, -0.007088929880410433, 0.02091270126402378, -0.02254999801516533, 0.06359934061765671, -0.024808408692479134, -0.0010715340031310916, -0.005302954465150833, -0.011769426055252552, -0.04368109628558159, -0.01573980040848255, -0.0025644581764936447, 0.036564383655786514, 0.024260180070996284, 0.021063808351755142, -0.017442408949136734, 0.03856867179274559, 0.04594792425632477, -0.012478690594434738, 0.014341904781758785, -0.036480579525232315, -0.006523742340505123, -0.03668884187936783, -0.06312245875597, -0.0709175318479538, 0.014539874158799648, -0.0025272779166698456, -0.045326005667448044, -0.008564108982682228, -0.004168706014752388, 0.01007461454719305, 0.029483797028660774, 0.006541925948113203, 0.051656175404787064, 0.026966027915477753, 0.027203869074583054, -0.04630788788199425, 0.02859673835337162, 0.05267486721277237, -0.01931954175233841, 0.03155595809221268, 0.0541323721408844, 0.014208529144525528, 0.0029635101091116667, -0.036854878067970276, -0.0028746759053319693, -0.02923346497118473, 0.00038754954584874213, 0.05270190164446831, -0.032361019402742386, -0.05060630664229393, 0.0027169384993612766, 0.03432604297995567, 0.03527407348155975, -0.02908562310039997, 0.01761275716125965, -0.01606154814362526, -0.044986601918935776, -0.07660838216543198, -0.01492247823625803, -0.046333517879247665, -0.020191913470625877, -0.031281329691410065, -0.02056710235774517, -0.045545656234025955, 0.002570421900600195, -0.016903609037399292, -0.02913123369216919, -0.05383889749646187, 0.014360303990542889, -0.030965406447649002, -0.016750823706388474, -0.011017207987606525, -0.04918959364295006, 0.01876295544207096, 0.020972909405827522, -0.02928980626165867, 0.007352316286414862, -0.008788402192294598, -0.015093136578798294, -0.006315426900982857, -0.01649666205048561, -0.009784472174942493, -0.014711735770106316, -0.07330062240362167, -0.04113999754190445, -0.0005476580117829144, -0.019381415098905563, 0.004354724194854498, -0.011097706854343414, 0.0019434518180787563, -0.050309427082538605, -0.044896479696035385, -0.02023208886384964, 0.05313137173652649, 0.06645433604717255, -0.010200247168540955, -0.01548109669238329, -0.007444411516189575, 0.06358931958675385, 0.024024931713938713, 0.06398957967758179, -0.019208446145057678, -0.06774920970201492, 0.00778379337862134, -0.01776769384741783, 0.0686902105808258, -0.010091997683048248, -0.016751931980252266, -0.02302788384258747, 0.018608111888170242, 0.047721486538648605, -0.05585898831486702, 0.03157219663262367, 0.061847370117902756, -0.023489994928240776, 0.09329114854335785, 0.01991444267332554, -0.03226151317358017, 0.056738898158073425, -0.006916011217981577, 0.03060937114059925, 0.0681539997458458, -0.02948966808617115, -0.02840385213494301, -0.037797775119543076, 0.008726092055439949, -0.034624453634023666, -0.022183816879987717, 0.029643651098012924, -0.00293299020268023, -0.015501996502280235, 0.022642571479082108, -0.02328900247812271, -0.022132225334644318, 0.024813370779156685, 0.02604098618030548, -0.042636580765247345, 0.05767123028635979, -0.06613557785749435, 0.0017690203385427594, -0.012180769816040993, -0.023203695192933083, 0.026180868968367577, 0.03682031109929085, -0.002832291414961219, -0.02936861664056778, -0.014148358255624771, 0.043937209993600845, 0.0029810278210788965, -0.01735006459057331, -0.040146537125110626, 0.011773799546062946, -0.0443049892783165, -0.02024945430457592, 0.029275430366396904, -0.039795927703380585, 0.013773724436759949, -0.07737672328948975, 0.052993450313806534, 0.023747518658638, -0.0327468067407608, -0.00016217544907703996, -0.008234185166656971, 0.060276903212070465, 0.0011904120910912752, -0.009938504546880722, 0.03105558454990387, -0.0022931667044758797, -0.024733291938900948, 0.02616727352142334, -0.003690145444124937, 0.0062767635099589825, -0.02722548134624958, -0.059931058436632156, -0.03125572204589844, 0.04104316979646683, -0.0334852896630764, -0.031210824847221375, 0.028412964195013046, 0.011835562996566296, 0.021260367706418037, 0.018904883414506912, 0.040847983211278915, -0.02130783535540104, 0.024203892797231674, 0.03959672525525093, -0.038930896669626236, -0.0742545872926712, 0.00009399846021551639, 0.0510585643351078, -0.02040361613035202, -0.026942992582917213, -0.03722115606069565, 0.011869867332279682, -0.004855320323258638, -0.055327970534563065, 0.020465649664402008, 0.09405655413866043, -0.0443417988717556, -0.06930771470069885, -0.009569671005010605, -0.07100634276866913, 0.06490078568458557, 0.010213157162070274, 0.0360165499150753, 0.049597952514886856, -0.020744455978274345, -0.0044967480935156345, 0.024759143590927124, -0.01631101779639721, 0.04123782366514206, -0.099977508187294, 0.04320354387164116, 0.04923124238848686, 0.01903725415468216, 0.05851839855313301, -0.026516593992710114, 0.026356911286711693, -0.0016803023172542453, 0.0073140887543559074, -0.008361191488802433, -0.012744099833071232, 0.013920769095420837, -0.07293862104415894, -0.039254289120435715, 0.031512439250946045, 0.017721299082040787, -0.014964978210628033, -0.05573272332549095, 0.08096054941415787, -0.003908794838935137, 0.058314066380262375, 0.052971888333559036, 0.03974693641066551, -0.04455580189824104, -0.007091652601957321, 0.05077606067061424, 0.032951902598142624, 0.04069104418158531, 0.033740900456905365, -0.037895843386650085, -0.014304977841675282, 0.02514674700796604, 0.00236368365585804, 0.035866912454366684, 0.02953946590423584, 0.019190218299627304, -0.014448052272200584, 0.018912246450781822, -0.004985318519175053, -0.06199895218014717, 0.005414607003331184, 0.035878121852874756, 0.029279405251145363, -0.01669771410524845, -0.016771553084254265, -0.05306079238653183, 0.013671436347067356, -0.032461993396282196, -0.002594755031168461, 0.009763686917722225, 0.016217032447457314, 0.005412627477198839, -0.09098835289478302, 0.02766641229391098, -0.0034545876551419497, -0.028184419497847557, 0.022503769025206566, -0.022368796169757843, 0.02699756808578968, -0.014740262180566788, -0.0637693852186203, 0.029523933306336403, 0.004653552081435919, -0.01914033479988575, -0.07488983869552612, 0.028327960520982742, 0.03727027028799057, -0.04726419225335121, -0.018387820571660995, -0.006438064854592085, -0.013438602909445763, 0.0037852986715734005, 0.01166780199855566, -0.0347696952521801, -0.005990163888782263, 0.035251062363386154, 0.011137129738926888, 0.0003392657090444118, -0.057449810206890106, -0.050633639097213745, 0.04796374961733818, -0.0038398192264139652, 0.038137517869472504, -0.0014313856372609735, 0.06874570995569229, -0.0016520210774615407, 0.04327398166060448, -0.03075806051492691, 0.004646177403628826, 0.0020194086246192455, -0.07611024379730225, 0.012893388979136944, 0.09953121095895767, 0.060186196118593216, 0.001910060760565102, 0.0475001186132431, 0.008829617872834206, -0.042316734790802, -0.029541950672864914, 0.04302611202001572, 0.0033984193578362465, -0.018858226016163826, -0.011819415725767612, -0.06160818785429001, -0.013720774091780186, 0.010757186450064182, -0.012362871319055557, -0.005315470043569803, -0.07787565886974335, 0.06061558425426483, 0.07412909716367722, 0.06761162728071213, -0.012032626196742058, 0.02535642497241497, 0.005426221992820501, 0.002086441498249769, 0.005710546392947435, -0.04816504940390587, -0.051763176918029785, 0.0030353206675499678, -0.05954328551888466, 0.009324583224952221, -0.007573653943836689, 0.00035369826946407557, 0.06126461923122406, 0.003328913589939475, 0.0036371215246617794, -0.05446258559823036, 0.04739397391676903, -0.021462827920913696, 0.02347317710518837, 0.03664007782936096, 0.04883837327361107, -0.0011974606895819306, 0.011235596612095833, -0.06284395605325699, -0.05695858225226402, 0.0034855033736675978, 0.045609503984451294, -0.013471119105815887, 0.03293550759553909, 0.03158644214272499, -0.0029138748068362474, -0.007124247029423714, 0.027975929901003838, -0.006920399609953165, 0.004569891840219498, -0.020868485793471336, -0.02040332742035389, 0.0007115578628145158, -0.017568841576576233, 0.003839091630652547, 0.06830523163080215, 0.03524184599518776, -0.020881440490484238, 0.05681835114955902, 0.10121568292379379, -0.05032152310013771, -0.05258888751268387, -0.028849167749285698, 0.004972643684595823, -0.0029704042244702578, -0.015523592010140419, 0.03732110559940338, 0.01228672731667757, 0.03382192179560661, -0.03521773964166641, -0.0409361869096756, -0.03725401312112808, 0.03223908320069313, -0.023952003568410873, -0.03691320866346359, -0.006552547682076693, 0.06757226586341858, 0.012084320187568665, 0.011284749954938889, -0.002991259563714266, 0.050446778535842896, 0.012563745491206646, -0.010999043472111225, -0.0043077245354652405, -0.023947186768054962, 0.06626777350902557, 0.013225272297859192, -0.019712146371603012, -0.012373335659503937, -0.057700999081134796, 0.03529001772403717, -0.014392650686204433, 0.0024041240103542805, -0.02259214222431183, -0.029696933925151825, -0.051728665828704834, 0.030302803963422775, 0.007485867477953434, 0.0327637642621994, 0.01735066808760166, -0.0067359223030507565, 0.09795305132865906, -0.04273151606321335, -0.009124253876507282, -0.01987203024327755, -0.028104715049266815, 0.007466551847755909, 0.03770849481225014, 0.013810217380523682, -0.01313698012381792, 0.025604579597711563, 0.0005698786117136478, 0.031057141721248627, -0.03641211614012718, 0.028035175055265427, -0.04892902076244354, -0.016799965873360634, 0.001973747042939067, -0.019914111122488976, 0.032645612955093384, 0.07539724558591843, 0.06584089994430542, -0.03564511984586716, -0.01589384488761425, 0.02997671812772751, -0.04789595678448677, 0.013284189626574516, -0.011695878580212593, 0.014408576302230358, -0.0074655404314398766, -0.056337758898735046, 0.009427620097994804, -0.04773165285587311, -0.015888025984168053, 0.00011769231059588492 ]
<p>Case 1: two people wake up in spaceships accelerating at 1g. They can measure or observe anything inside the room but not outside. They couldn't determine if they were on a spaceship or on earth. If they ever communicated in the future they would be the same age. Is this correct?</p> <p>Case 2: one person wakes up in a room on earth, another on a spaceship accelerating 1g. Same measuring restrictions. Again neither could determine if they were on a spaceship or earth. However now if they communicated in the future they would find they are different ages. Is this correct?</p> <p>I've heard acceleration from a rocket or gravity are the same (e.g. time slows down near a black hole). But case 2 above seems there is a difference?</p>
g4562
[ -0.0005581737495958805, 0.029032520949840546, 0.0011092000640928745, 0.010086243972182274, 0.008182630874216557, 0.06556466221809387, 0.011756328865885735, -0.04305877909064293, -0.04873053357005119, -0.004084629472345114, 0.07396518439054489, -0.03096301667392254, 0.010432342998683453, 0.05197346955537796, -0.009099526330828667, -0.04132428392767906, 0.09589436650276184, -0.06090180575847626, -0.061632633209228516, -0.026486076414585114, 0.024498973041772842, -0.01442653313279152, -0.059362463653087616, -0.018875401467084885, -0.03168036416172981, -0.061878036707639694, 0.004635718185454607, -0.024532858282327652, -0.09093260020017624, -0.048323724418878555, 0.06014012545347214, 0.002264148322865367, 0.0444181002676487, -0.06399500370025635, -0.00727885402739048, -0.05683765560388565, 0.003884689649567008, -0.0165291465818882, -0.019858181476593018, 0.037304021418094635, 0.04945835471153259, -0.03666502982378006, -0.0027239068876951933, -0.03836587816476822, 0.00903137493878603, 0.03330747410655022, 0.00013038984616287053, -0.01859278604388237, 0.12310206890106201, 0.011548069305717945, -0.003458786755800247, -0.0059922668151557446, 0.018004583194851875, 0.031074078753590584, -0.008013583719730377, 0.05207919329404831, 0.0036532811354845762, 0.0075669256038963795, 0.054487429559230804, 0.001605504541657865, -0.041807059198617935, -0.021773817017674446, 0.023867690935730934, 0.006634852383285761, 0.079620361328125, 0.011561093851923943, -0.019786274060606956, 0.02342691831290722, 0.002913303207606077, -0.03549579530954361, 0.046375907957553864, -0.02794966846704483, -0.07461090385913849, -0.03844963386654854, -0.018545133993029594, 0.030889326706528664, -0.02893405593931675, -0.02917644940316677, -0.00955491978675127, 0.07616541534662247, -0.01781638339161873, -0.005320106633007526, 0.016471045091748238, 0.0022746827453374863, 0.07268442958593369, 0.0591319277882576, -0.025168737396597862, -0.008466796018183231, 0.030174292623996735, 0.04456114396452904, 0.06501847505569458, -0.029140273109078407, 0.09290380030870438, 0.03257753700017929, -0.04628535732626915, 0.03978075459599495, 0.020913442596793175, 0.06222833693027496, 0.04650716483592987, 0.04339109733700752, -0.059792038053274155, 0.010820725001394749, 0.019494397565722466, 0.03017682395875454, 0.02354656718671322, -0.03862766921520233, 0.012264648452401161, -0.00950213335454464, -0.027049420401453972, -0.06999611109495163, -0.04380781203508377, -0.07529731839895248, -0.034902725368738174, -0.027069903910160065, -0.00030528046772815287, -0.057650838047266006, 0.018276970833539963, 0.047323811799287796, -0.015650566667318344, 0.014369143173098564, 0.012701660394668579, 0.025310823693871498, 0.030409419909119606, 0.02384263090789318, 0.0008665041532367468, 0.005825386382639408, -0.02808225341141224, -0.0427071750164032, -0.01673242822289467, 0.0021196086890995502, -0.005908135790377855, 0.03697913885116577, -0.0007864078506827354, 0.03336343169212341, -0.04482797533273697, 0.026187462732195854, 0.001175092882476747, 0.03399570658802986, 0.009232341311872005, 0.0014774550218135118, 0.022616080939769745, -0.07525516301393509, -0.04105108231306076, -0.022568197920918465, -0.010626017116010189, 0.02377467043697834, -0.0009806709131225944, 0.00583788612857461, -0.009360753931105137, 0.04835348203778267, -0.0016445175278931856, 0.09728250652551651, -0.0017644373001530766, 0.016152989119291306, 0.014257334172725677, 0.006259504705667496, -0.028884824365377426, 0.019707655534148216, 0.018763257190585136, 0.038129497319459915, 0.028435243293642998, 0.007097570691257715, 0.025323573499917984, 0.07441367954015732, -0.035937219858169556, 0.010774652473628521, -0.0050148447044193745, -0.059250690042972565, 0.01508693303912878, -0.021134182810783386, -0.026790345087647438, -0.02991625852882862, 0.021233798936009407, 0.03452037647366524, 0.041394587606191635, 0.03982732072472572, 0.04933835193514824, -0.08618433773517609, -0.04630892351269722, 0.000373235932784155, -0.026897132396697998, -0.058574166148900986, -0.048774354159832, -0.012596284970641136, -0.017637884244322777, -0.03998945653438568, 0.0029647524934262037, -0.0007113679894246161, -0.08550749719142914, 0.01955728977918625, -0.0542612262070179, -0.055687274783849716, -0.056139033287763596, 0.021599367260932922, -0.03472009673714638, -0.033971112221479416, 0.01641305722296238, 0.07278993725776672, 0.003928346559405327, 0.029177449643611908, -0.0038955402560532093, 0.0028774309903383255, 0.04037502780556679, -0.014846145175397396, 0.04343612492084503, 0.013674418441951275, 0.008553793653845787, -0.008746295236051083, 0.045929450541734695, -0.029485531151294708, 0.016967104747891426, 0.023555701598525047, 0.005939606577157974, -0.005052412860095501, 0.003964256029576063, 0.00441349484026432, 0.01074201986193657, 0.04029905050992966, 0.026644786819815636, -0.042868874967098236, -0.015024525113403797, -0.07806581258773804, 0.05683169141411781, -0.04879317432641983, -0.005463579203933477, -0.056290555745363235, -0.012472819536924362, -0.050770025700330734, -0.013144231401383877, 0.0559348464012146, -0.06639246642589569, -0.0008162502199411392, -0.005697239190340042, -0.01754390075802803, 0.023564886301755905, 0.02098885178565979, 0.01577357016503811, 0.05413879081606865, 0.032397475093603134, 0.0006475094123743474, 0.01854967139661312, 0.032392919063568115, -0.04701049253344536, 0.006224184762686491, 0.04873868077993393, -0.028992455452680588, 0.011039851233363152, -0.016407480463385582, -0.02008674480021, 0.024629389867186546, -0.017214419320225716, 0.032672349363565445, -0.06958005577325821, 0.01607515662908554, -0.015464264899492264, -0.06625157594680786, 0.003336078254505992, 0.04067767411470413, -0.07605930417776108, 0.0021043571177870035, 0.02048494480550289, -0.028388816863298416, -0.04352661594748497, 0.018875963985919952, 0.009614543057978153, -0.01995573192834854, -0.028914181515574455, 0.0032633482478559017, 0.004042068496346474, -0.0282010305672884, -0.009868739172816277, -0.02090548165142536, -0.002277216874063015, 0.06034460663795471, 0.007098974194377661, -0.026021109893918037, 0.014964893460273743, -0.017002763226628304, 0.044717200100421906, 0.03631897270679474, -0.027532564476132393, -0.025122594088315964, -0.065195232629776, -0.001069870195351541, 0.04638427123427391, 0.020761365070939064, 0.019466908648610115, 0.005823249462991953, -0.028587184846401215, 0.021491624414920807, 0.028192313387989998, 0.05882365256547928, 0.07097364217042923, 0.048382315784692764, -0.017863651737570763, 0.05910603702068329, -0.012752490118145943, 0.03590575233101845, -0.04275655373930931, -0.022643832489848137, 0.05576976016163826, -0.048102788627147675, 0.00732297170907259, 0.06916497647762299, 0.06451821327209473, -0.0625433400273323, -0.053664155304431915, -0.025505464524030685, 0.033022720366716385, -0.021368471905589104, -0.011234262958168983, 0.0013461181661114097, -0.01676461473107338, -0.02492869645357132, 0.05378589779138565, 0.009943638928234577, -0.021887175738811493, 0.04111102968454361, 0.009643426164984703, 0.019135870039463043, -0.04616246372461319, -0.006371343974024057, -0.011836034245789051, -0.009607159532606602, 0.023777471855282784, 0.029084771871566772, -0.023443574085831642, -0.003505977336317301, -0.03616500273346901, -0.010442860424518585, -0.023492885753512383, -0.01204445119947195, -0.020580198615789413, -0.020805438980460167, 0.0036033804062753916, -0.017968347296118736, -0.02118416130542755, 0.04464986175298691, 0.0075335693545639515, 0.037650059908628464, 0.03040531650185585, -0.04098879545927048, 0.015438015572726727, 0.04047516733407974, 0.032009419053792953, -0.0012728767469525337, 0.015550535172224045, 0.009518387727439404, -0.0312737412750721, 0.0009368374012410641, 0.010516942478716373, -0.055914729833602905, 0.013467730022966862, 0.022658860310912132, -0.023301005363464355, 0.0028416684363037348, -0.0026103102136403322, -0.01251530647277832, -0.014126492664217949, -0.01679186150431633, -0.037877295166254044, 0.053202513605356216, -0.03039786033332348, 0.012985668145120144, -0.019830605015158653, -0.024581167846918106, 0.03169965744018555, 0.007411070168018341, 0.03960122913122177, -0.03376119211316109, 0.024080630391836166, 0.06406225264072418, -0.012670569121837616, -0.039541054517030716, 0.07025676220655441, -0.07483605295419693, 0.014314861036837101, -0.03460955247282982, 0.014571665786206722, 0.009967772290110588, 0.06530988961458206, -0.009816533885896206, -0.003235230688005686, -0.008650045841932297, 0.06809582561254501, -0.000058005334722111, -0.004572000820189714, -0.02523304708302021, -0.023282520473003387, -0.08548736572265625, 0.027381647378206253, -0.03406965360045433, -0.03783087804913521, 0.024056589230895042, 0.01372550055384636, 0.0019824004266411066, -0.010233447887003422, -0.01557463500648737, 0.03295530006289482, 0.01092823687940836, 0.006239120848476887, 0.04834403470158577, 0.007868832908570766, 0.021171463653445244, -0.026859350502490997, 0.010549348779022694, -0.00586733128875494, -0.04806727543473244, -0.007132808677852154, 0.028557471930980682, 0.012944327667355537, 0.0458301417529583, -0.021935682743787766, -0.06607434153556824, 0.00011548693873919547, -0.011155124753713608, 0.021132295951247215, -0.009365711361169815, 0.042375992983579636, 0.0374588668346405, 0.016037730500102043, 0.05735813081264496, -0.01205301284790039, -0.04434627667069435, -0.00044060530490241945, 0.08724711090326309, -0.008142450824379921, 0.03818806633353233, 0.00357865821570158, -0.024479025974869728, 0.027442073449492455, 0.029625074937939644, -0.014540697447955608, 0.03200945258140564, -0.050578806549310684, 0.06469883024692535, 0.034294355660676956, 0.005423010792583227, 0.05161745846271515, -0.0021834445651620626, 0.050259191542863846, 0.0024697703775018454, -0.014504526741802692, -0.018905550241470337, 0.03250066190958023, 0.10673128068447113, -0.0717473030090332, -0.04050992429256439, -0.0027901274152100086, 0.024131784215569496, -0.03413498401641846, 0.04730983451008797, -0.009725198149681091, -0.038194045424461365, 0.010241168551146984, -0.023341599851846695, 0.015164373442530632, -0.00761799793690443, 0.04046507552266121, -0.004220343194901943, -0.03770554065704346, -0.001900227158330381, 0.02745174430310726, -0.026670506224036217, -0.030002381652593613, -0.0011345805833116174, -0.07658793777227402, -0.04052210971713066, -0.0403648279607296, 0.033459048718214035, -0.051449984312057495, -0.03609210625290871, 0.004446449689567089, 0.04606727138161659, -0.03524385392665863, 0.04206642508506775, 0.03880989924073219, -0.024844298139214516, -0.008783632889389992, -0.04001116007566452, -0.033720459789037704, 0.022138694301247597, 0.026157567277550697, 0.00033671403070911765, 0.0009233221644535661, -0.0034059493336826563, 0.002444860991090536, 0.031310368329286575, 0.06622487306594849, -0.019793525338172913, 0.04450637847185135, -0.062316350638866425, -0.0003417869738768786, -0.005433961749076843, -0.05993252992630005, -0.008081388659775257, -0.015262201428413391, -0.04248257726430893, -0.02249090000987053, 0.037955719977617264, -0.04672098904848099, 0.024599270895123482, 0.028477387502789497, -0.01566053368151188, -0.02216087281703949, 0.03504472225904465, 0.041662946343421936, -0.055849503725767136, 0.010841527953743935, 0.08016283065080643, -0.055692750960588455, -0.0011800494976341724, 0.005280263721942902, 0.05217763036489487, 0.045261871069669724, -0.022917017340660095, 0.043119657784700394, 0.0317741259932518, 0.0021276555489748716, 0.028997059911489487, 0.04374612867832184, -0.001333938562311232, 0.03268628567457199, 0.06265251338481903, 0.023903802037239075, -0.014507132582366467, -0.02042500674724579, -0.02755308523774147, 0.04756760969758034, 0.02012653462588787, 0.0570024736225605, 0.05297275260090828, 0.00396301131695509, -0.04456751048564911, 0.0012321561807766557, -0.002598579041659832, -0.011222321540117264, -0.03226146847009659, 0.060272760689258575, -0.029043950140476227, -0.046326495707035065, -0.016027821227908134, -0.02808864414691925, 0.030469391494989395, -0.01694035530090332, 0.02697993442416191, -0.05779505521059036, -0.030185725539922714, -0.0011088232276961207, 0.010339131578803062, -0.03354152664542198, -0.02077888511121273, 0.005283011589199305, 0.025370996445417404, -0.02178201638162136, 0.06563138961791992, 0.008327510207891464, 0.0003796967212110758, -0.026745129376649857, 0.03483550250530243, 0.042456723749637604, 0.004837303422391415, 0.021989140659570694, -0.03846478462219238, -0.0011664158664643764, -0.052298061549663544, -0.008866505697369576, -0.024751415476202965, -0.012808282859623432, -0.029231222346425056, 0.015005694702267647, -0.023321645334362984, 0.009752776473760605, -0.004825484938919544, -0.02868083119392395, -0.02685670182108879, -0.039165351539850235, 0.009604543447494507, -0.05291000381112099, 0.007411620579659939, -0.007675201632082462, 0.014047671109437943, 0.013893299736082554, -0.010872882790863514, 0.042385611683130264, 0.05239200219511986, -0.011133374646306038, -0.03406844660639763, 0.04474131762981415, -0.03253534808754921, -0.02933819591999054, -0.07264877110719681, 0.008047438226640224, -0.04308827221393585, -0.13876843452453613, 0.005228010937571526, 0.028081603348255157, -0.03235168009996414, -0.0636398047208786, 0.022841759026050568, -0.012299194931983948, -0.0077276332303881645, 0.06498976051807404, 0.014315148815512657, 0.014337144792079926, -0.006126968655735254, -0.05183204635977745, 0.018516452983021736, 0.08179761469364166, -0.08453630656003952, -0.029394393786787987, 0.03289857506752014, 0.011076471768319607, 0.03342339023947716, 0.03207394480705261, 0.03258895128965378, 0.003410403151065111, -0.037758298218250275, -0.024519119411706924, -0.0026584623847156763, 0.10736265033483505, -0.03181275352835655, -0.009778381325304508, -0.049642421305179596, 0.013413664884865284, 0.04296552389860153, -0.03723466396331787, 0.009802991524338722, 0.0077471681870520115, 0.04546504095196724, 0.0032272597309201956, -0.017257243394851685, -0.0014045481802895665, 0.05022911727428436, 0.06511302292346954, 0.017763031646609306, 0.03141774982213974, 0.06782460957765579, -0.04169200360774994, 0.004083271604031324, 0.054527416825294495, 0.02919488400220871, 0.01573800854384899, 0.03100169450044632, 0.004794484470039606, 0.0052534774877130985, 0.045998986810445786, -0.027909640222787857, -0.04819687083363533, -0.010237949900329113, -0.032308418303728104, -0.06217789277434349, -0.05693493038415909, 0.028061237186193466, 0.0015682980883866549, 0.0016702581197023392, 0.0021806247532367706, -0.04570141062140465, 0.023668203502893448, -0.03843563422560692, 0.00757663743570447, -0.012985887005925179, -0.0527849905192852, 0.052241597324609756, -0.046922098845243454, 0.03724250942468643, -0.005623792763799429, -0.053551919758319855, -0.03469296544790268, -0.00358084705658257, 0.005031628999859095, -0.009545547887682915, -0.03977340832352638, -0.012152853421866894, -0.02123238332569599, 0.0166068933904171, -0.03240584209561348, -0.034837786108255386, -0.01679026521742344, 0.018884113058447838, 0.038273707032203674, -0.0013732925290241838, -0.023160593584179878, 0.026897070929408073, 0.014339243993163109, 0.06429048627614975, -0.04837318882346153, -0.035369135439395905, 0.013457364402711391, -0.03862830623984337, -0.05314211547374725, -0.0033787668216973543, -0.010265923105180264, 0.0386512391269207, -0.020173095166683197, 0.010088683106005192, -0.025829242542386055, 0.08716714382171631, -0.03026796504855156, -0.01766185276210308, -0.008550150319933891, 0.0258179921656847, 0.008581127971410751, 0.03778029605746269, -0.02553911879658699, -0.05484430864453316, -0.03595815226435661, -0.02190835401415825, -0.005864415783435106, -0.02794792503118515, 0.009264868684113026, 0.017323428764939308, 0.028913626447319984, 0.007764602545648813, 0.018147451803088188, -0.008662653155624866, -0.030436072498559952, -0.005448183510452509, 0.034533705562353134, 0.015455703251063824, 0.050598081201314926, -0.03982003405690193, -0.008065707981586456, -0.07905858755111694, -0.04182092845439911, -0.009127803146839142, -0.0011939549585804343, 0.03522820770740509, 0.011048498563468456, -0.06039600819349289, -0.024474268779158592, 0.021504711359739304, -0.01680554263293743, 0.027304833754897118, -0.001255182782188058, 0.06753552705049515, 0.008157235570251942, 0.03157864883542061, -0.07798755168914795, 0.0037884812336415052, -0.06720136851072311, 0.011451305821537971, 0.00074315897654742, 0.05382265895605087, -0.016298072412610054, 0.0049185180105268955, -0.006537238135933876, 0.05116031691431999, 0.028014719486236572, -0.048248350620269775, 0.0171133391559124, 0.0045609017834067345, -0.09609542042016983, 0.07286644726991653, 0.011709684506058693, 0.0054034884087741375, 0.031324855983257294, 0.022705430164933205, -0.017939584329724312, -0.06254883110523224, -0.027986181899905205, 0.03270939365029335, -0.024479815736413002, -0.010851350612938404, -0.06709831953048706, -0.015453891828656197, -0.005016984883695841, 0.008959928527474403 ]
<p>I just want a book on classical mechanics that covers the same ground as Goldstein's book but is more on the line of DJ Griffiths's Classical Electrodynamics. I mean less formal and more conversational. </p>
g98
[ 0.042645104229450226, 0.01810041442513466, -0.000964723527431488, -0.056489963084459305, 0.015691278502345085, 0.01338773500174284, 0.026771487668156624, -0.038404468446969986, 0.01198693085461855, 0.01080949418246746, 0.05135605111718178, -0.042105793952941895, -0.013445810414850712, -0.00836372934281826, 0.006302976049482822, -0.009442126378417015, 0.004107424523681402, 0.053267017006874084, 0.016721460968255997, -0.02426663041114807, 0.002818713430315256, 0.024106374010443687, -0.011751721613109112, -0.01619509607553482, -0.038407281041145325, -0.0008449060842394829, 0.0013122553937137127, -0.02287900261580944, 0.022404849529266357, 0.00039836452924646437, -0.036635756492614746, -0.018313778564333916, 0.018623564392328262, -0.036731671541929245, -0.011404325254261494, 0.012211373075842857, 0.012951473705470562, -0.036406293511390686, -0.0027255541644990444, 0.0005841003148816526, 0.04586656764149666, 0.008837866596877575, -0.006648406386375427, 0.028068166226148605, 0.05024716630578041, -0.06322953850030899, 0.010622366331517696, 0.035678472369909286, -0.06586640328168869, 0.01604631170630455, 0.045417670160532, 0.012615452520549297, 0.05885031819343567, -0.017342500388622284, 0.049360912293195724, 0.029888218268752098, -0.0015523581532761455, 0.039183471351861954, -0.04588533565402031, -0.018857359886169434, 0.010580949485301971, 0.02246687561273575, -0.019165853038430214, -0.016048915684223175, 0.005596857517957687, -0.03301585465669632, 0.04640999436378479, -0.05256820470094681, -0.002497381530702114, -0.017691893503069878, -0.022919554263353348, -0.03494301065802574, 0.016892483457922935, -0.01013114582747221, 0.01589244417846203, 0.004799924325197935, 0.062129907310009, -0.009546017274260521, 0.05679446831345558, -0.06373460590839386, -0.07535459846258163, -0.04895002767443657, -0.015459991991519928, -0.03958199545741081, 0.08196862787008286, -0.022721512243151665, -0.020003464072942734, -0.0062571363523602486, 0.0047951857559382915, -0.06277500092983246, 0.016260888427495956, -0.02136996202170849, 0.052248094230890274, -0.05741428583860397, -0.017746517434716225, -0.008257421664893627, -0.026073329150676727, -0.017026685178279877, 0.004446512553840876, -0.025392068549990654, -0.017844505608081818, 0.008828883059322834, 0.049928031861782074, -0.0020324892830103636, -0.03784232586622238, 0.009405633434653282, -0.023441817611455917, -0.038015179336071014, -0.014353816397488117, 0.0051522585563361645, 0.008175835013389587, -0.025370841845870018, 0.019097499549388885, -0.021620050072669983, -0.024138426408171654, 0.07016918808221817, 0.08207092434167862, -0.045957714319229126, 0.0003493795229587704, 0.05215054005384445, 0.01568131148815155, 0.001969427103176713, 0.03341640904545784, 0.0020501965191215277, -0.016735907644033432, -0.016515880823135376, 0.04423431307077408, 0.01929168775677681, 0.025686156004667282, -0.0035633929073810577, 0.06472182273864746, 0.042190928012132645, -0.057946037501096725, -0.027760028839111328, -0.03260314464569092, 0.08538638055324554, 0.03810947760939598, -0.031957656145095825, 0.030710414052009583, -0.012036553584039211, 0.04725956171751022, -0.033620670437812805, -0.004181795287877321, -0.029240921139717102, 0.017788534983992577, 0.02746192365884781, -0.008484850637614727, 0.010932395234704018, 0.00038301965105347335, 0.0032145457807928324, 0.029833270236849785, 0.0024134237319231033, 0.027415873482823372, -0.009800921194255352, 0.007494048215448856, 0.04006480053067207, 0.02210257016122341, 0.03529076278209686, 0.016967590898275375, 0.00002043994390987791, 0.0008619915461167693, -0.025158725678920746, -0.01589708961546421, 0.029601985588669777, 0.025870976969599724, 0.07527142763137817, -0.023625651374459267, -0.08000930398702621, 0.01884426176548004, 0.004622845910489559, 0.009390498511493206, 0.0006447548512369394, 0.04529358446598053, 0.09852248430252075, -0.05040992796421051, 0.09580554813146591, -0.1104741021990776, -0.06268048286437988, -0.02400594763457775, -0.03492847457528114, 0.004926564637571573, -0.07200554758310318, 0.06276771426200867, -0.00205339421518147, -0.0669993981719017, 0.06738998740911484, 0.012783556245267391, 0.021032825112342834, -0.046660277992486954, 0.014091790653765202, 0.013178365305066109, 0.029386242851614952, 0.007415004074573517, 0.08378353714942932, 0.0052391840144991875, 0.01037180982530117, -0.009430207312107086, -0.048871442675590515, -0.023406023159623146, 0.08090044558048248, 0.04327339306473732, 0.05874321609735489, 0.05698632821440697, 0.012064981274306774, -0.01290105190128088, 0.03970595821738243, 0.015202878974378109, 0.017752503976225853, 0.06350629776716232, -0.0724397748708725, 0.00977477990090847, -0.03627986088395119, 0.017810238525271416, -0.01019421499222517, 0.03395220637321472, -0.04477435722947121, -0.004227892030030489, 0.009646455757319927, 0.00485163414850831, 0.012694088742136955, -0.017845042049884796, -0.03892316669225693, -0.04752042144536972, 0.014766913838684559, 0.013277372345328331, -0.05981370434165001, 0.04617168754339218, -0.0060156723484396935, 0.02067391760647297, -0.01074057538062334, -0.07773958891630173, -0.011967970989644527, 0.007741173729300499, -0.007605956867337227, 0.05472337082028389, 0.09293080121278763, -0.001328981714323163, -0.038016531616449356, 0.05627688392996788, -0.03547700494527817, 0.07078340649604797, -0.016647277399897575, 0.018604066222906113, -0.024424752220511436, -0.03116484172642231, -0.006237458437681198, 0.048044927418231964, 0.01565585285425186, 0.03969348222017288, -0.0005563421291299164, 0.02372502163052559, -0.01731063425540924, -0.0811251848936081, -0.00842154398560524, 0.006634078454226255, 0.03351706638932228, -0.014270690269768238, 0.0717143565416336, 0.02103351429104805, -0.009190792217850685, 0.0009558164165355265, -0.004012034274637699, -0.004138614982366562, 0.022593585774302483, -0.006665372755378485, 0.02059403620660305, -0.004405337851494551, 0.0264135655015707, -0.03905267268419266, -0.04948718845844269, 0.004663036670535803, 0.06011725217103958, 0.017782000824809074, -0.00803174264729023, 0.007173982914537191, -0.028651950880885124, 0.010474334470927715, -0.03551819920539856, 0.014911605045199394, -0.05627293512225151, -0.000031947052775649354, -0.016139686107635498, 0.051108844578266144, 0.01431186217814684, -0.004497275687754154, -0.08820085972547531, -0.021087590605020523, 0.015612018294632435, 0.0013998327776789665, 0.00008168890053639188, 0.030879219993948936, 0.07855862379074097, 0.006842828821390867, -0.010464854538440704, -0.037134673446416855, 0.06774337589740753, -0.034158553928136826, 0.021114656701683998, -0.049168430268764496, -0.014384427107870579, -0.0009928593644872308, -0.036639463156461716, -0.016414957121014595, 0.05025101825594902, -0.012666182592511177, 0.005861994344741106, -0.0227865781635046, -0.028508946299552917, 0.030542848631739616, -0.02193615585565567, 0.022746548056602478, -0.01163632795214653, 0.005251175723969936, 0.02404845505952835, -0.08061771839857101, -0.011681195348501205, 0.01628684811294079, 0.0024911973159760237, -0.0008856744971126318, 0.0015133259585127234, -0.015729686245322227, -0.01821686513721943, 0.07184439152479172, -0.053107403218746185, 0.03522532805800438, 0.041907165199518204, -0.04054781422019005, -0.03421135991811752, 0.0019121328368782997, 0.011950238607823849, 0.04360063001513481, -0.05875681713223457, 0.0035894992761313915, -0.03794984146952629, -0.049117311835289, -0.043393414467573166, -0.0008238576701842248, 0.012710757553577423, 0.027433548122644424, -0.003240627935156226, 0.012970014475286007, -0.03724119812250137, 0.004546756390482187, -0.017393596470355988, -0.03767793998122215, -0.013900809921324253, 0.04193630814552307, -0.017806578427553177, 0.04112200438976288, -0.05430883914232254, 0.03854823485016823, -0.001392997452057898, 0.01072975154966116, -0.039503470063209534, -0.06458801031112671, -0.030015448108315468, 0.012761124409735203, 0.04602329432964325, 0.0803694948554039, -0.022023579105734825, -0.015828752890229225, 0.006741990800946951, -0.018812663853168488, -0.07588483393192291, 0.013315277174115181, 0.01822306029498577, -0.028397703543305397, 0.009454352781176567, -0.019672511145472527, -0.0003584162041079253, -0.024805165827274323, 0.03704245388507843, 0.09159507602453232, 0.02176232449710369, 0.019818874076008797, -0.08454899489879608, 0.052950937300920486, 0.06092977523803711, -0.043997928500175476, -0.006749376188963652, -0.058193057775497437, 0.005717596039175987, 0.023374633863568306, 0.028746604919433594, 0.03921167179942131, 0.013555610552430153, -0.013728453777730465, 0.004082599189132452, -0.014929477125406265, -0.009860294871032238, 0.01300677191466093, -0.029154809191823006, -0.04405698925256729, 0.01447293534874916, 0.014708753675222397, -0.003064377699047327, 0.047199610620737076, 0.005926445126533508, -0.0034550288692116737, 0.00485603092238307, -0.005061302799731493, 0.02582399919629097, -0.00750688835978508, 0.019972683861851692, -0.0008392833406105638, 0.00345164118334651, 0.03327798843383789, -0.009435255080461502, 0.028435859829187393, -0.018229098990559578, 0.01881510019302368, -0.06051165610551834, 0.03485919162631035, -0.024078909307718277, 0.04166743904352188, 0.038988374173641205, -0.03309806436300278, -0.07721175253391266, 0.036574263125658035, 0.013632087036967278, -0.07332313805818558, 0.011977607384324074, -0.045092273503541946, -0.06193123757839203, 0.0432906374335289, 0.04640224203467369, 0.0644172951579094, 0.00011315548181300983, -0.021721243858337402, -0.017196454107761383, -0.0009817949030548334, -0.04510175436735153, -0.043428756296634674, 0.0302956011146307, -0.036185942590236664, 0.01577863283455372, 0.007642216514796019, 0.03996516764163971, -0.0009913804242387414, 0.010545019991695881, 0.05967649817466736, 0.011731859296560287, -0.010241487063467503, 0.015283958986401558, -0.008250080049037933, 0.07087662070989609, -0.04070337861776352, -0.00555237103253603, -0.028462866321206093, -0.05683170631527901, -0.012760229408740997, 0.008281570859253407, 0.006878085900098085, 0.04398609325289726, -0.07702219486236572, -0.026400934904813766, -0.05527535825967789, 0.0015272407326847315, 0.02924763597548008, 0.016554683446884155, -0.039238933473825455, 0.008217970840632915, -0.01559877023100853, 0.06201600283384323, 0.020574074238538742, 0.007921896874904633, -0.05792328715324402, 0.03231273218989372, -0.06361062079668045, -0.050189998000860214, 0.012597231194376945, 0.007066548336297274, -0.019042717292904854, -0.043924104422330856, 0.01480951253324747, -0.01431380957365036, 0.02846117690205574, -0.05927537754178047, 0.024762257933616638, -0.018802277743816376, -0.005645175464451313, 0.01568576879799366, -0.03459390252828598, 0.05764812231063843, -0.014526888728141785, -0.034547824412584305, 0.01955488696694374, 0.028346439823508263, -0.06256324052810669, -0.026126081123948097, 0.06263218820095062, -0.02425011806190014, 0.026670025661587715, -0.042651426047086716, -0.06770650297403336, 0.06351958215236664, 0.05766179785132408, -0.052179187536239624, -0.007339962292462587, 0.05000898987054825, -0.08732950687408447, 0.016151616349816322, -0.05469333007931709, -0.006089531816542149, 0.02346278913319111, 0.015768427401781082, -0.006403725128620863, 0.05064121261239052, -0.05504980310797691, 0.044825728982686996, 0.032966289669275284, 0.021999716758728027, -0.02384079061448574, 0.061155956238508224, 0.029000284150242805, 0.022610576823353767, -0.009095386601984501, -0.03636559844017029, 0.028633255511522293, 0.008067728020250797, -0.0026943001430481672, -0.05098544806241989, 0.009752322919666767, -0.021491339430212975, -0.04871362820267677, 0.030392125248908997, -0.05466841533780098, -0.023545755073428154, -0.026396211236715317, 0.03620591759681702, 0.00846837181597948, -0.026404190808534622, -0.016299080103635788, -0.0291447713971138, -0.01845005713403225, 0.031477924436330795, -0.03813750669360161, 0.05420151352882385, -0.039786383509635925, 0.0026573382783681154, -0.02229534648358822, 0.029279524460434914, 0.04568727687001228, -0.011968976818025112, -0.0050545041449368, 0.004876351449638605, 0.02602999284863472, -0.007062927819788456, 0.0960211232304573, -0.06364276260137558, 0.015222535468637943, -0.02121773175895214, -0.04906415194272995, -0.015114112757146358, -0.012667220085859299, 0.014074227772653103, -0.016397809609770775, -0.007341146469116211, 0.02903207577764988, 0.04322498291730881, -0.01460077054798603, 0.00730123883113265, -0.00046782431309111416, 0.042907968163490295, 0.04424815997481346, 0.003430415177717805, -0.04006751999258995, -0.025639532133936882, 0.08610024303197861, -0.011383590288460255, -0.01965130865573883, 0.005518756806850433, -0.007045691832900047, 0.006410653702914715, -0.01973794773221016, 0.030817916616797447, -0.06143194064497948, -0.06979440897703171, 0.00064481032313779, -0.019078567624092102, 0.0366666242480278, 0.0018295054323971272, 0.0733959823846817, -0.026563778519630432, -0.0033287631813436747, 0.03327002376317978, -0.023548999801278114, 0.04523254558444023, -0.023041149601340294, 0.07183283567428589, -0.008423472754657269, -0.01569255255162716, -0.01940404810011387, -0.015869056805968285, 0.006999354809522629, 0.023342326283454895, 0.00951107032597065, 0.06688319891691208, 0.09027544409036636, 0.04161734879016876, -0.023977994918823242, 0.02901109866797924, 0.05307776853442192, -0.01703582890331745, 0.06390295922756195, 0.049130748957395554, -0.00294885179027915, -0.03803163021802902, 0.024921156466007233, 0.011318673379719257, -0.0035327745135873556, -0.02858899161219597, 0.03123384527862072, -0.03740554302930832, -0.009874127805233002, -0.07290671020746231, -0.0353204719722271, 0.0320790633559227, -0.03540343418717384, -0.030637692660093307, 0.007371057756245136, -0.012901457026600838, 0.028206510469317436, -0.037465836852788925, -0.06933499872684479, 0.022673610597848892, -0.05200948193669319, 0.010732069611549377, 0.0636431947350502, -0.0002759421768132597, -0.005104799289256334, 0.02453906275331974, 0.0025417525321245193, 0.07840661704540253, 0.017705058678984642, 0.020289786159992218, -0.04421847686171532, -0.0032187141478061676, 0.02172277309000492, -0.047380562871694565, 0.0044416156597435474, 0.03768543154001236, 0.09923560172319412, -0.05744999647140503, -0.028486911207437515, -0.06800263375043869, 0.0005606709746643901, -0.01051015593111515, -0.08292020857334137, 0.036581799387931824, 0.07105515897274017, 0.03068387508392334, 0.0029837957117706537, -0.049362145364284515, 0.014182783663272858, 0.030064648017287254, 0.07253530621528625, 0.02116984874010086, 0.05345099791884422, -0.053762923926115036, -0.0038192905485630035, 0.047821324318647385, -0.007017231546342373, 0.0438903346657753, -0.02111048437654972, 0.04810589179396629, -0.001093024155125022, -0.046770233660936356, -0.018463315442204475, -0.013895566575229168, -0.006157012656331062, -0.036563631147146225, -0.041094180196523666, 0.005247333087027073, -0.025776002556085587, 0.004334587138146162, 0.018822191283106804, 0.026818208396434784, -0.012494266033172607, -0.025310643017292023, 0.0037914372514933348, 0.05476255342364311, 0.019521966576576233, -0.015134846791625023, -0.06040102243423462, 0.03375901281833649, -0.006712914444506168, -0.03781548887491226, -0.007338318042457104, 0.023390576243400574, 0.0005615827976725996, -0.02294272370636463, -0.039252400398254395, -0.03018718585371971, -0.012689136900007725, -0.019525686278939247, 0.002557518659159541, 0.03776613622903824, 0.025564901530742645, -0.03523372486233711, -0.01744348555803299, 0.027904268354177475, -0.0413893423974514, 0.017405197024345398, -0.019952354952692986, -0.03811820223927498, 0.011534711346030235, -0.05459513142704964, 0.020335674285888672, 0.014909964054822922, 0.03360826522111893, -0.020610472187399864, -0.019438577815890312, 0.06447792798280716, 0.023625439032912254, 0.010055774822831154, -0.02853994444012642, 0.05776722729206085, 0.010624146088957787, -0.027251169085502625, 0.03192872554063797, -0.06492062658071518, -0.01848018728196621, -0.030039584264159203, -0.06500112265348434, -0.05814192444086075, -0.01794920302927494, -0.01584346406161785, 0.0072234757244586945, 0.03872678801417351, -0.021665723994374275, -0.00573223689571023, -0.009333182126283646, -0.009584043174982071, -0.03933611512184143, -0.007116739172488451, -0.006296920590102673, -0.020076803863048553, 0.0035733815748244524, 0.018267374485731125, 0.021039459854364395, -0.09565505385398865, -0.021692592650651932, -0.007192349061369896, -0.0008026904542930424, -0.07978203892707825, -0.032897137105464935, -0.005619863513857126, 0.031105272471904755, 0.0237980168312788, -0.053429245948791504, 0.030325664207339287, 0.02229463681578636, -0.041210416704416275, 0.029140140861272812, -0.07017336040735245, 0.020036349073052406, -0.0016389546217396855, 0.0010742421727627516, -0.006198922637850046, 0.013217996805906296, -0.061446886509656906, 0.04887102544307709, -0.011771081015467644, -0.053811460733413696, 0.02161754108965397, 0.014362731017172337, 0.0014300512848421931 ]
<p>In QFT we associate to each Gauge theory a continuous group of local transformations (a Gauge group), and then we require\define fermion fields to be irreducible representations belonging to the fundamental representation of this Gauge group.</p> <ol> <li><p>What is the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_representation" rel="nofollow">fundamental representation</a>, and why do we require fermions to be in it?</p></li> <li><p>What does it mean for a field to <em>belong to a certain <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_representation" rel="nofollow">representation</a></em>? Is this just a way of stating that the fields are the "targets" of the Gauge transformations we introduced, meaning that they belong to the vector space where the representation of these transformations act?</p></li> <li><p>A Gauge transformation must by definition not change the physics. This means that given any field $\psi$ we have to identify as a single physical entity all the fields that can be obtained by $\psi$ by means of any element of the Gauge group. Is the formalization of this concept the reason we require fields to belong to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irreducible_representation" rel="nofollow">irreducible</a> representations? Is there any other justification for it?</p></li> </ol>
g4563
[ 0.02563885599374771, 0.01419108547270298, -0.03314961865544319, -0.10250627994537354, 0.10449635237455368, 0.0014916234649717808, -0.009745858609676361, 0.05538163334131241, -0.026018192991614342, -0.028210191056132317, -0.012026749551296234, 0.00980778131633997, -0.029061561450362206, -0.00840688031166792, -0.02035490982234478, 0.015704285353422165, 0.03713967651128769, 0.021775798872113228, 0.07346299290657043, -0.07577713578939438, -0.02304946444928646, 0.05951619893312454, 0.04652692750096321, -0.054091207683086395, -0.031555116176605225, 0.004300308879464865, 0.1083502471446991, -0.03810654208064079, 0.007018387783318758, -0.01299254596233368, 0.004299364052712917, 0.0420600026845932, 0.06265239417552948, -0.060130778700113297, 0.03485497459769249, -0.051899783313274384, 0.06748435646295547, 0.05635479465126991, 0.024926388636231422, -0.011867267079651356, 0.03294399753212929, -0.00533265108242631, -0.030528098344802856, -0.03620333597064018, -0.029585035517811775, 0.05196934938430786, 0.0033243352081626654, -0.029799001291394234, -0.05184962972998619, 0.036334916949272156, 0.032839734107255936, -0.029006173834204674, 0.005391317419707775, 0.016480011865496635, 0.04528431221842766, 0.0013899434125050902, 0.05118218809366226, 0.017040874809026718, 0.044367630034685135, -0.047194600105285645, -0.023180967196822166, 0.033591680228710175, -0.007454500533640385, 0.015063212253153324, -0.0076450807973742485, 0.01890529692173004, -0.03629087656736374, 0.013567132875323296, -0.01832188479602337, -0.020674927160143852, -0.030325986444950104, -0.022403044626116753, -0.015781981870532036, 0.08001817017793655, 0.006836192216724157, 0.029555706307291985, 0.0011704955250024796, -0.01236986555159092, 0.016400208696722984, -0.007528713438659906, -0.0003075401473324746, -0.017459889873862267, 0.021298084408044815, -0.0007224935689009726, 0.021321753039956093, 0.004890406504273415, -0.02610964886844158, 0.00748953502625227, 0.0525338277220726, 0.011000927537679672, -0.031193720176815987, 0.036704886704683304, 0.05468481779098511, 0.034463100135326385, -0.0185030996799469, 0.012408865615725517, 0.00029872142476961017, 0.057935602962970734, -0.06977994740009308, 0.005697582848370075, -0.03522505983710289, 0.010781538672745228, 0.03631910681724548, -0.033065877854824066, -0.031047653406858444, -0.006964307744055986, 0.05034278333187103, 0.026691904291510582, 0.008683741092681885, 0.01893831230700016, -0.018641600385308266, 0.03515844792127609, -0.03375352919101715, 0.0005993339000269771, -0.028384167701005936, -0.023800840601325035, 0.08380146324634552, 0.0035417815670371056, -0.008453692309558392, 0.049446117132902145, 0.016794191673398018, -0.012230361811816692, 0.14238829910755157, 0.026929078623652458, -0.009462442249059677, -0.07788096368312836, 0.0017200969159603119, 0.03070339374244213, 0.04153626412153244, -0.03821779042482376, -0.02807077206671238, -0.03223423659801483, -0.042110905051231384, -0.0030847627203911543, 0.002840194385498762, -0.0317377895116806, -0.007917743176221848, 0.03663397580385208, -0.00365998107008636, 0.056841082870960236, -0.0028859039302915335, 0.02290240488946438, 0.001212179777212441, -0.01842459663748741, 0.03687667101621628, -0.05760573968291283, 0.04260138422250748, -0.041986022144556046, 0.06025424227118492, -0.011005209758877754, 0.01941458322107792, 0.0466851070523262, -0.01897154375910759, -0.047250065952539444, 0.038401082158088684, -0.036834459751844406, 0.061946578323841095, 0.008663445711135864, 0.0070014470256865025, -0.002368649234995246, 0.01713082753121853, 0.023740727454423904, 0.02315952070057392, -0.023478396236896515, -0.024924203753471375, -0.029569195583462715, 0.02004624903202057, -0.021926982328295708, 0.008709140121936798, -0.02070315182209015, -0.00781464483588934, 0.0589253194630146, -0.021151326596736908, 0.026233453303575516, -0.016381070017814636, 0.034210436046123505, -0.0355130210518837, -0.008570550009608269, -0.014226040802896023, -0.03216148912906647, -0.052832819521427155, -0.006404307205229998, 0.06944862753152847, -0.010209726169705391, 0.0023081758990883827, 0.016387710347771645, -0.07875900715589523, 0.03621244430541992, -0.0623154379427433, 0.043303024023771286, -0.021000513806939125, -0.010347403585910797, 0.005808109417557716, 0.04105101153254509, 0.021034177392721176, 0.024531744420528412, 0.0037917322479188442, -0.10111325979232788, -0.04289345070719719, -0.027987472712993622, 0.053904399275779724, 0.0069668046198785305, 0.0017901055980473757, -0.02132001891732216, 0.04065254330635071, 0.052187200635671616, -0.04786596819758415, -0.03311821445822716, 0.011032961308956146, -0.038909912109375, -0.001965891569852829, -0.0362677127122879, 0.04134226590394974, 0.008546287193894386, -0.016935132443904877, -0.049647942185401917, -0.014809614978730679, 0.017825273796916008, -0.042930521070957184, 0.05830024182796478, -0.0010722295846790075, 0.004878206644207239, 0.02907112054526806, 0.012406918220221996, -0.035472333431243896, -0.011129293590784073, 0.018339471891522408, 0.006938715931028128, -0.019323337823152542, 0.051207464188337326, -0.05483139306306839, 0.020355356857180595, -0.06234773248434067, -0.00418698787689209, -0.023746639490127563, 0.06092357635498047, -0.019869599491357803, 0.013010738417506218, 0.028998617082834244, 0.0511259064078331, 0.016413578763604164, -0.047151751816272736, 0.006556249689310789, 0.02436675876379013, 0.005591226276010275, 0.010983875021338463, 0.04132087528705597, -0.017692619934678078, -0.05050763115286827, 0.04722123593091965, -0.03511007875204086, -0.03337938338518143, -0.03271562233567238, 0.012960580177605152, -0.021261066198349, -0.035959865897893906, 0.0216082651168108, 0.02053326927125454, -0.01916925236582756, 0.032665859907865524, 0.004355788230895996, -0.011507654562592506, 0.0036777551285922527, 0.06372598558664322, -0.04273628816008568, -0.016860079020261765, 0.008542743511497974, 0.062043558806180954, -0.05444527044892311, -0.05236072465777397, -0.06067398935556412, 0.03354067727923393, 0.002851055935025215, -0.0003195356111973524, 0.031195705756545067, -0.05492740496993065, -0.010802204720675945, 0.0022777519188821316, -0.03099939227104187, -0.000532467442099005, 0.006600798107683659, -0.033559318631887436, -0.0684499517083168, 0.0018013992812484503, -0.032736651599407196, -0.03406571224331856, 0.0011604215251281857, -0.03233898803591728, 0.010914142243564129, 0.00027155171846970916, 0.043120138347148895, 0.004590827040374279, 0.008091438561677933, 0.022733768448233604, -0.013918734155595303, -0.006630438845604658, -0.00010815814312081784, -0.08495678752660751, 0.002926412969827652, 0.08333176374435425, 0.01193210482597351, -0.021929899230599403, -0.01452853437513113, -0.016198432072997093, 0.08570665121078491, -0.04650337994098663, -0.055498044937849045, -0.029737135395407677, -0.09090127795934677, -0.007326364051550627, 0.0021579416934400797, 0.017495304346084595, -0.0012606285745278, 0.019539274275302887, -0.0625070109963417, 0.019833052530884743, -0.009626482613384724, 0.01589335687458515, 0.018577953800559044, -0.05836109817028046, -0.05382431671023369, -0.00494815967977047, 0.055396780371665955, 0.0004952949821017683, 0.09528591483831406, 0.04677531495690346, -0.004713079426437616, 0.01581382378935814, 0.04886571690440178, -0.054707322269678116, 0.046333976089954376, 0.0007098388159647584, -0.01509205624461174, -0.0229419507086277, -0.01914915069937706, -0.0003818834957201034, -0.07307467609643936, -0.021087883040308952, 0.009064559824764729, -0.03111276775598526, 0.000759443617425859, -0.02120187133550644, -0.0828666239976883, 0.03123580850660801, 0.015515961684286594, -0.003978063818067312, 0.02392205409705639, -0.01583698019385338, 0.0034303022548556328, -0.01970004104077816, -0.046613335609436035, 0.014012778177857399, 0.02991889789700508, 0.01153989601880312, -0.02481885999441147, -0.024627983570098877, 0.025954946875572205, 0.0007131247548386455, -0.012562562711536884, 0.01825789175927639, -0.019902298226952553, -0.029906481504440308, -0.005893034860491753, 0.014275777153670788, -0.030221525579690933, -0.014768284745514393, -0.015055173076689243, -0.007535382639616728, 0.004321154206991196, 0.01960422657430172, 0.0538332499563694, -0.0415317639708519, -0.06719662994146347, 0.06572256982326508, -0.04364166408777237, -0.05514100193977356, 0.019716843962669373, -0.012922941707074642, -0.05594884604215622, -0.01460268720984459, 0.0002793150197248906, 0.03810041397809982, 0.027278169989585876, 0.01986042782664299, 0.02942984737455845, -0.006046729627996683, -0.01496133767068386, 0.024102864786982536, -0.0011935833608731627, 0.052074067294597626, -0.03237537667155266, -0.00599519070237875, 0.025271527469158173, 0.024842731654644012, -0.021769283339381218, 0.008468741551041603, 0.004491893108934164, -0.03985336422920227, 0.037709735333919525, 0.04067748039960861, 0.0017098800744861364, -0.013910332694649696, 0.011053179390728474, -0.003016379429027438, 0.04296397417783737, -0.008052511140704155, -0.0017694280249997973, -0.05497530475258827, 0.02102186717092991, -0.055297210812568665, -0.031663425266742706, 0.0052400315180420876, 0.022824028506875038, -0.060727138072252274, 0.01869053952395916, 0.0047623044811189175, -0.03838134929537773, -0.09943623095750809, -0.018269522115588188, -0.04224640503525734, 0.03861279413104057, -0.004487723112106323, 0.07298130542039871, 0.020891185849905014, 0.0371382050216198, 0.0545126348733902, 0.025197701528668404, 0.004191766493022442, -0.02661384455859661, -0.05679365247488022, -0.02676544152200222, 0.05687063932418823, 0.02355862222611904, 0.004605783149600029, -0.05175701156258583, 0.0055198995396494865, -0.08055605739355087, 0.023819997906684875, 0.013727773912250996, 0.022754669189453125, 0.06770889461040497, -0.04275801032781601, -0.02472824603319168, -0.007976625114679337, -0.04391641169786453, 0.026009924709796906, -0.0641195997595787, 0.04106604680418968, -0.018213775008916855, -0.03996642306447029, 0.0018866138998419046, 0.016009587794542313, -0.022098766639828682, 0.009129890240728855, 0.02380560338497162, 0.0016892601270228624, 0.0009341157856397331, -0.05999644100666046, 0.010280259884893894, -0.03715522214770317, -0.06297339498996735, -0.01958896778523922, -0.032110657542943954, 0.006317410618066788, 0.025789042934775352, -0.01614026166498661, -0.031570013612508774, 0.002289473544806242, -0.025323854759335518, -0.051686014980077744, 0.056232526898384094, -0.045845355838537216, -0.0030401526018977165, -0.01959805376827717, 0.035927146673202515, 0.05797109007835388, 0.0318257212638855, -0.0286647230386734, -0.01664809137582779, -0.02392365038394928, 0.01131159346550703, -0.05180392041802406, 0.06566180288791656, 0.02977966144680977, -0.00440503703430295, 0.016293928027153015, -0.002294873585924506, 0.029290737584233284, -0.014901431277394295, -0.0055839065462350845, -0.019039763137698174, 0.004234401974827051, 0.03244532644748688, 0.0182541161775589, 0.00658593513071537, 0.021880632266402245, -0.011430170387029648, -0.019760746508836746, 0.005586074199527502, -0.018746942281723022, -0.004520527087152004, 0.05395814776420593, 0.09146609157323837, 0.015814252197742462, -0.016998140141367912, 0.02768181636929512, 0.10160055011510849, 0.015177898108959198, -0.009760729968547821, -0.01646219566464424, 0.035873476415872574, -0.005750199314206839, 0.01583980768918991, -0.04255477711558342, 0.032516200095415115, 0.014577358029782772, -0.057042445987463, -0.014416826888918877, -0.06349437683820724, -0.0366511270403862, -0.006980603095144033, 0.013673179782927036, -0.011152567341923714, -0.0720597505569458, 0.0062577989883720875, 0.04538893699645996, 0.013040085323154926, -0.06008356437087059, 0.006566721946001053, 0.07874057441949844, 0.02296140231192112, -0.016455309465527534, 0.02353488840162754, -0.030274895951151848, 0.02408706396818161, -0.0022803745232522488, 0.07400374114513397, -0.0001934105239342898, 0.042110733687877655, 0.006976970471441746, -0.05622190982103348, 0.028654737398028374, -0.0021605168003588915, 0.009629175066947937, 0.04478786140680313, -0.004884354770183563, 0.03563748300075531, -0.0006128308596089482, -0.014999170787632465, -0.043592046946287155, 0.008662303909659386, -0.037403132766485214, 0.022113297134637833, -0.03913058713078499, 0.01745949499309063, -0.013909083791077137, -0.021250931546092033, -0.022719362750649452, -0.006368192378431559, -0.022418158128857613, 0.020650282502174377, 0.016155723482370377, -0.01048305444419384, -0.00777196791023016, 0.038017310202121735, 0.00417275819927454, 0.011588691733777523, -0.045310959219932556, 0.08844468742609024, 0.012784088030457497, -0.00023756468726787716, 0.015259642153978348, 0.02755737490952015, 0.0036487856414169073, -0.06483115255832672, -0.016551613807678223, 0.008421256206929684, -0.033554378896951675, -0.013079090043902397, 0.00471129734069109, 0.0030409276951104403, -0.022832559421658516, -0.00033737911144271493, -0.08454693108797073, 0.024290096014738083, 0.01263661403208971, -0.10003705322742462, -0.039676688611507416, 0.013727053068578243, 0.024375032633543015, 0.0035202763974666595, 0.042054515331983566, 0.012403137050569057, 0.03764490410685539, -0.017688404768705368, 0.01780962198972702, -0.0043511707335710526, 0.02680475451052189, -0.009821519255638123, -0.013312301598489285, -0.015341933816671371, 0.0259544737637043, 0.05926626920700073, 0.055672209709882736, 0.04398798942565918, 0.07431641221046448, -0.04881799593567848, -0.03934368118643761, -0.002728976309299469, 0.0016417896840721369, 0.0009779171086847782, -0.02469654381275177, -0.02657247520983219, -0.03300085663795471, 0.007603276055306196, -0.022191686555743217, -0.028558790683746338, 0.024499453604221344, -0.02995966002345085, 0.04900019243359566, 0.017811840400099754, -0.03811381012201309, 0.008702512830495834, 0.006996159441769123, -0.027266962453722954, 0.09888127446174622, -0.04858872666954994, 0.04411955550312996, 0.05519622191786766, -0.029685737565159798, -0.03001992776989937, 0.011928106658160686, -0.0031999668572098017, 0.0036722004879266024, -0.023768097162246704, 0.007876166142523289, -0.03897544741630554, 0.010493263602256775, 0.021414637565612793, 0.02552984654903412, -0.025677919387817383, 0.021149085834622383, 0.046916663646698, 0.0033298321068286896, -0.05207452178001404, -0.013793929480016232, 0.02376881241798401, -0.02747923694550991, -0.08979077637195587, 0.033775828778743744, 0.014339997433125973, 0.07558378577232361, -0.018829431384801865, -0.03423912450671196, -0.032969389110803604, 0.0413065031170845, -0.022028779610991478, 0.053743693977594376, -0.03925325348973274, -0.029529299587011337, -0.037720657885074615, -0.0403425469994545, -0.0388852022588253, 0.011209331452846527, 0.012257376685738564, 0.02132410556077957, -0.007601270452141762, -0.037610143423080444, 0.08580197393894196, 0.0028573242016136646, -0.005492002237588167, -0.0015679962234571576, 0.04603259637951851, -0.025439584627747536, -0.022297870367765427, -0.02684389054775238, 0.00037400826113298535, 0.10665199160575867, 0.016894856467843056, -0.009820442646741867, -0.07374749332666397, 0.09180906414985657, 0.04267282783985138, -0.04416026920080185, -0.06165486201643944, -0.027468804270029068, 0.026941968128085136, 0.01808692142367363, 0.04613572731614113, -0.0023692299146205187, 0.037421755492687225, -0.03230355679988861, 0.010287578217685223, -0.030623851343989372, -0.020501600578427315, 0.0038539045490324497, 0.0612625814974308, -0.014496956951916218, 0.02071521431207657, -0.04056241735816002, 0.07924534380435944, -0.039950769394636154, -0.0418192595243454, 0.0071541545912623405, 0.031029222533106804, -0.02219885028898716, 0.01670394279062748, -0.01770278438925743, -0.02672768570482731, 0.040108442306518555, -0.035333406180143356, 0.04694138839840889, 0.07431437075138092, 0.034149445593357086, 0.028663190081715584, 0.030716007575392723, 0.0050120544619858265, 0.02888076938688755, -0.032971009612083435, -0.02316759154200554, 0.06958665698766708, -0.008948796428740025, -0.04181980341672897, -0.010006089694797993, -0.03201691433787346, -0.0015247937990352511, 0.022355224937200546, -0.04653998836874962, 0.03838939964771271, -0.024759460240602493, -0.03636204078793526, 0.024734893813729286, -0.025911372154951096, 0.029804054647684097, -0.05753442645072937, 0.047865480184555054, -0.004010794218629599, -0.03434307500720024, -0.019311949610710144, -0.00861423835158348, 0.021812546998262405, -0.039446424692869186, -0.014783523045480251, 0.05548667907714844, -0.0450352281332016, -0.040948137640953064, -0.020551316440105438, 0.01346669439226389, -0.0038653570227324963, 0.004140755161643028, 0.028896182775497437, 0.02516200579702854, -0.005993329919874668, 0.03818511590361595, 0.023438096046447754, -0.05502334237098694, -0.03471308946609497, 0.03346901386976242, 0.06211600452661514, 0.012425502762198448, 0.009493126533925533, 0.0021504187025129795, 0.012884372845292091, 0.030438411980867386, -0.0770096555352211, -0.03790995851159096, -0.02619936875998974, 0.0415138304233551 ]
<p>How does one see it as obvious that</p> <p>$$\int_S \frac{\partial A_i}{\partial x^j} dS^{ji} = \int_S\frac{1}{2}(\frac{\partial A_j}{\partial x^i} - \frac{\partial A_i}{\partial x^j})dS^{ij}$$</p> <p>where $d S^{ij} = dx^i dx^{j*} - dx^j dx^{i*} $</p> <p>From <a href="http://books.google.ie/books?id=X18PF4oKyrUC&amp;lpg=PP1&amp;pg=PA22#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false" rel="nofollow">Landau's CToF</a>.</p>
g4564
[ 0.04798082262277603, 0.06200644001364708, -0.01965010166168213, -0.03730640932917595, -0.03621341288089752, -0.02206236682832241, 0.043838370591402054, 0.03969171643257141, -0.015712030231952667, 0.015350471250712872, -0.04714621976017952, 0.040990885347127914, 0.04603717848658562, -0.012177716009318829, -0.03846970573067665, -0.02838028222322464, -0.00037532506394200027, 0.017728110775351524, 0.035288337618112564, -0.023021535947918892, -0.034318190068006516, -0.021033555269241333, 0.038805220276117325, -0.04376047104597092, 0.03501641005277634, -0.004395929630845785, 0.012307695113122463, 0.017126811668276787, -0.05345118045806885, 0.02412496507167816, 0.0024879092816263437, 0.026495961472392082, 0.05661650374531746, -0.030339263379573822, -0.010102462023496628, 0.005627909209579229, 0.05990920960903168, -0.014048636890947819, 0.03042471781373024, -0.05289078503847122, -0.0446440652012825, -0.02461744286119938, -0.039721108973026276, 0.03645232319831848, -0.009375589899718761, 0.009994055144488811, -0.05891181901097298, -0.008697648532688618, -0.05921643599867821, -0.024915866553783417, -0.019927021116018295, 0.1022525206208229, 0.0123282540589571, -0.024370865896344185, -0.004409782122820616, 0.03627290576696396, -0.01794627495110035, -0.038044996559619904, 0.09386615455150604, 0.022018110379576683, 0.005130194127559662, 0.011628507636487484, 0.014505122788250446, 0.02393743023276329, 0.01058375183492899, -0.01813550293445587, 0.031708408147096634, -0.05765576288104057, 0.007558270823210478, -0.020778844133019447, 0.005018739961087704, -0.014450791291892529, 0.052010126411914825, -0.03294504061341286, -0.038837771862745285, -0.007391848601400852, 0.056199394166469574, -0.0008733276044949889, 0.01793358474969864, -0.008165981620550156, 0.030098386108875275, -0.05912978947162628, 0.0407966747879982, -0.016787877306342125, 0.027464138343930244, -0.004384123720228672, 0.0256660059094429, 0.016986722126603127, 0.004950738977640867, 0.06350149214267731, -0.07394268363714218, 0.001996082253754139, -0.030959146097302437, 0.03910309821367264, 0.016087466850876808, -0.01966262049973011, -0.003885004436597228, 0.04045666381716728, -0.014586657285690308, -0.04000123217701912, 0.009851512499153614, 0.0485772043466568, 0.023165326565504074, 0.0355948731303215, -0.060879383236169815, 0.015708833932876587, -0.02696225605905056, -0.01846308261156082, 0.030391324311494827, -0.053186386823654175, -0.018564658239483833, 0.03197184205055237, -0.052479419857263565, -0.04640970379114151, 0.010800287127494812, -0.010595767758786678, -0.024398257955908775, -0.023031696677207947, -0.07177355885505676, -0.010689637623727322, 0.007777179125696421, -0.0635315552353859, 0.061754122376441956, 0.04068100452423096, 0.03884216398000717, 0.0424887090921402, -0.012891444377601147, 0.030996648594737053, 0.056917060166597366, -0.0009264869149774313, -0.07878025621175766, -0.002788042649626732, 0.04834117367863655, 0.0159017164260149, 0.028437260538339615, 0.02049063891172409, -0.02093455009162426, 0.02094689942896366, -0.03617557883262634, 0.011876014992594719, -0.006735535338521004, 0.011848930269479752, -0.055290043354034424, -0.04440317675471306, 0.015277842991054058, 0.0013836491852998734, -0.037681445479393005, -0.022267287597060204, -0.009673445485532284, 0.008964300155639648, 0.0061079273000359535, 0.05587827414274216, -0.021645784378051758, -0.022452088072896004, -0.037461377680301666, 0.036472078412771225, 0.07377459853887558, -0.00390610215254128, -0.016500450670719147, -0.04118214547634125, 0.00658708019182086, 0.016863828524947166, 0.0020140090491622686, 0.04788989573717117, -0.04586614668369293, -0.002002166584134102, 0.06290245801210403, -0.04725795239210129, -0.007188485004007816, 0.0088137062266469, -0.018357159569859505, -0.0012045159237459302, 0.04301545396447182, 0.03426734358072281, -0.010389314964413643, 0.03538195416331291, -0.015509149059653282, -0.01333322748541832, 0.06848157942295074, 0.02533734031021595, 0.03753237426280975, 0.0005309124826453626, -0.05720432475209236, -0.0032649654895067215, -0.018677212297916412, -0.006997368764132261, -0.010080238804221153, 0.039000462740659714, -0.009641396813094616, 0.004906428046524525, 0.008890409022569656, 0.008870583027601242, 0.022238198667764664, 0.05337949097156525, 0.04338183254003525, -0.026930563151836395, -0.011116387322545052, -0.024371935054659843, -0.04508756846189499, -0.015205617994070053, 0.006287324707955122, 0.007861737161874771, 0.03991683945059776, -0.011432153172791004, 0.010509699583053589, 0.0009228477138094604, -0.0025777658447623253, -0.01627192273736, 0.00039820701931603253, 0.041339483112096786, -0.02758626639842987, -0.03619803860783577, -0.011842606589198112, 0.0358784981071949, -0.002655188087373972, -0.014072819612920284, -0.03241229057312012, -0.03976210579276085, -0.025454076007008553, 0.030133388936519623, -0.04496462643146515, -0.009203008376061916, 0.027420736849308014, 0.01371886394917965, -0.017385762184858322, 0.016952216625213623, 0.01210090983659029, 0.02473677322268486, -0.027334310114383698, -0.002089480869472027, -0.06056147441267967, -0.08521348983049393, -0.041635166853666306, 0.05970059335231781, 0.046441297978162766, 0.007089797407388687, -0.03527672961354256, -0.028647596016526222, 0.050523992627859116, 0.06848561018705368, -0.03461238369345665, -0.036548759788274765, -0.031962208449840546, -0.0029548811726272106, 0.014883790165185928, 0.02532566711306572, 0.019171422347426414, 0.002071149181574583, 0.01843361370265484, -0.0026719027664512396, -0.039786409586668015, -0.025631133466959, 0.005709948483854532, 0.016956953331828117, 0.011519190855324268, -0.0336601622402668, 0.01696246676146984, -0.0012343249982222915, 0.04296281561255455, -0.004609989933669567, -0.004492579959332943, -0.05088460445404053, -0.012241525575518608, 0.020627237856388092, -0.09565455466508865, 0.0041189719922840595, 0.054428670555353165, -0.03679470717906952, -0.00012326784781180322, -0.011329195462167263, 0.0390937365591526, 0.06400902569293976, -0.00931454822421074, 0.04227575287222862, -0.030865482985973358, -0.013477387838065624, 0.007146175485104322, -0.042412105947732925, -0.024234281852841377, -0.012253263965249062, 0.009245923720300198, 0.01464136503636837, -0.02989531122148037, 0.05487445369362831, 0.054163165390491486, -0.04922438785433769, -0.022420428693294525, 0.0650273934006691, -0.03144355118274689, 0.03330378606915474, 0.010235369205474854, 0.056568704545497894, -0.030695360153913498, 0.009602680802345276, -0.028582757338881493, -0.03329525515437126, 0.013773526065051556, -0.029758576303720474, 0.011480809189379215, 0.08170672506093979, 0.044192273169755936, 0.01251626294106245, -0.00027837351080961525, 0.014845848083496094, 0.01578289456665516, -0.015043225139379501, 0.05084656924009323, 0.00420400220900774, -0.008303032256662846, -0.06308946013450623, 0.06674645096063614, 0.02256927825510502, 0.04807915538549423, -0.01824791356921196, -0.03511190786957741, -0.02136172167956829, 0.001678995555266738, -0.021502545103430748, -0.009221699088811874, -0.011503823101520538, 0.0055914586409926414, -0.0208292119204998, -0.019907990470528603, 0.008663591928780079, 0.053357381373643875, -0.035895947366952896, -0.06431504338979721, 0.034661777317523956, -0.054876264184713364, -0.006920553743839264, 0.013321517035365105, -0.00852748192846775, 0.0041412608698010445, -0.031633589416742325, -0.07384955137968063, -0.05651053413748741, -0.054697416722774506, 0.07237061858177185, 0.047386109828948975, 0.02244734764099121, -0.03566230088472366, 0.03459290415048599, -0.036363035440444946, 0.05681620165705681, -0.013080848380923271, -0.03262259066104889, 0.007884648628532887, 0.06932173669338226, 0.001430507400073111, -0.006145486608147621, -0.02936019003391266, 0.03964530676603317, 0.030884338542819023, 0.009254198521375656, -0.046521496027708054, 0.04184048995375633, 0.05803119018673897, 0.06401793658733368, -0.006069576367735863, 0.012045115232467651, 0.08941097557544708, -0.041251085698604584, -0.01352077629417181, 0.00430340925231576, 0.022655615583062172, -0.027091048657894135, -0.02935185842216015, 0.027445292100310326, -0.01992075890302658, -0.0020329102408140898, -0.028714582324028015, -0.02453319914638996, 0.06256429105997086, 0.03646358102560043, 0.016936754807829857, -0.09876649081707001, -0.0807534009218216, 0.016333332285284996, 0.05843402072787285, -0.006229176186025143, 0.05484748259186745, 0.041491590440273285, 0.0247682835906744, -0.05742371082305908, -0.0018041032599285245, 0.011779773980379105, -0.04615608975291252, -0.010765126906335354, 0.007542810402810574, -0.04400336742401123, 0.030954908579587936, 0.012646102346479893, -0.0640501156449318, 0.01105333212763071, -0.03201855719089508, 0.04407399147748947, -0.015891075134277344, 0.02874615229666233, -0.08141735941171646, 0.0407731868326664, -0.013794679194688797, -0.03224632516503334, -0.01717035099864006, -0.046418771147727966, 0.01883815787732601, 0.006389321759343147, 0.053590983152389526, -0.047609563916921616, 0.08798813074827194, -0.03329891711473465, -0.047561921179294586, -0.048958711326122284, 0.02372223697602749, -0.049911390990018845, -0.038651756942272186, 0.03869004175066948, 0.021782295778393745, -0.039600569754838943, 0.05538921803236008, -0.03500215336680412, 0.02444363757967949, 0.013493699952960014, -0.02383258566260338, -0.026350999251008034, -0.00041116485954262316, 0.0833650752902031, 0.01623021438717842, -0.0028038800228387117, -0.02655738778412342, -0.004251027945429087, -0.03672432526946068, 0.066901296377182, -0.04779940843582153, 0.00630586314946413, -0.07026489078998566, 0.03293899819254875, 0.005892822984606028, 0.049270547926425934, -0.040617700666189194, 0.08863049000501633, 0.005486994981765747, -0.0018341708928346634, -0.017708567902445793, -0.028220372274518013, 0.05124334245920181, 0.00829364825040102, 0.01415774691849947, -0.028611907735466957, -0.0034049577079713345, -0.0465831458568573, -0.03927285969257355, 0.027762824669480324, 0.002145296661183238, -0.024940358474850655, 0.07623939216136932, -0.025627681985497475, -0.08107072860002518, 0.01287097204476595, 0.001245104125700891, -0.012843865901231766, -0.015212452970445156, -0.021440526470541954, -0.01873672381043434, -0.0038217841647565365, 0.03837708756327629, 0.051136504858732224, -0.011749956756830215, -0.037747275084257126, -0.02130064368247986, -0.026871241629123688, 0.05797526240348816, 0.024900170043110847, -0.03911209478974342, -0.044909968972206116, 0.0678168386220932, -0.023005040362477303, -0.023242659866809845, -0.01168014295399189, 0.006020271219313145, -0.005306823644787073, 0.04131852090358734, 0.039151351898908615, -0.00018775211356114596, -0.011707074008882046, 0.00610164413228631, 0.03476771339774132, -0.013928410597145557, -0.03781663998961449, -0.04453491047024727, -0.04889427870512009, 0.08611040562391281, -0.010157808661460876, -0.00592420157045126, 0.010019714944064617, -0.035590872168540955, 0.03243635222315788, 0.04971807450056076, -0.011752787977457047, -0.02439896948635578, 0.021683432161808014, -0.058088257908821106, -0.0655905082821846, 0.03458426892757416, 0.036398086696863174, -0.021201390773057938, 0.07755783945322037, 0.06976111233234406, -0.030458219349384308, 0.009344984777271748, 0.03746924176812172, 0.013124706223607063, -0.02163294143974781, 0.010712998919188976, -0.025415074080228806, 0.08203571289777756, 0.021003643050789833, -0.014885627664625645, -0.018559642136096954, -0.03167298436164856, -0.09125916659832001, 0.08316484838724136, 0.010480417869985104, -0.0013608575100079179, 0.007963796146214008, -0.0033027473837137222, -0.007816316559910774, -0.06344766169786453, -0.0864860936999321, -0.0044318679720163345, 0.03043435513973236, -0.04579203203320503, -0.056544434279203415, -0.001275558490306139, -0.006673133000731468, 0.019993271678686142, 0.018230443820357323, -0.02919170632958412, 0.010075454600155354, 0.041233453899621964, 0.008448311127722263, 0.003502350300550461, 0.03179699555039406, -0.0035503532271832228, 0.005439735017716885, -0.05966353788971901, 0.015481854788959026, 0.026618480682373047, 0.01873704046010971, 0.04605976119637489, -0.07294317334890366, -0.004169305320829153, 0.008970197290182114, -0.037221163511276245, -0.024954967200756073, 0.07113342732191086, 0.0003568563552107662, -0.0031444670166820288, 0.007048831786960363, 0.008145703934133053, -0.010430867783725262, -0.006185723934322596, 0.01878892071545124, -0.0584225170314312, -0.03621769696474075, -0.004062195774167776, -0.07526175677776337, 0.01707117259502411, 0.05320775508880615, 0.048172321170568466, -0.025048283860087395, -0.01595231331884861, 0.0022813589312136173, 0.024452926591038704, 0.002808107528835535, -0.006363634020090103, 0.08443329483270645, -0.05575750023126602, -0.05528634786605835, 0.020563919097185135, -0.05223485827445984, -0.03323278948664665, 0.00219413498416543, 0.07649193704128265, 0.002922558458521962, -0.015930598601698875, -0.005053457338362932, -0.039940863847732544, -0.013095364905893803, 0.029028940945863724, 0.10813970118761063, -0.05086982995271683, -0.00478695472702384, -0.04751291498541832, -0.039148859679698944, -0.0023894370533525944, -0.04742412641644478, -0.00007891566201578826, 0.05559145286679268, 0.023863213136792183, 0.0201158057898283, -0.0009906635386869311, 0.005114855244755745, 0.031655605882406235, 0.025760384276509285, 0.03907664865255356, 0.007602513302117586, -0.020969804376363754, 0.012642971239984035, -0.026391692459583282, 0.061494164168834686, -0.03710987791419029, 0.033982180058956146, 0.006110860500484705, 0.05619310215115547, 0.020154383033514023, -0.04525589570403099, 0.008516518399119377, 0.021580668166279793, 0.02600696124136448, -0.04887458309531212, 0.03414662554860115, -0.013509942218661308, -0.03337549790740013, 0.0005542926373891532, 0.01922939345240593, 0.04228951409459114, 0.019668003544211388, -0.014585171826183796, 0.03626124560832977, 0.03509095683693886, -0.005419529974460602, -0.007961916737258434, -0.028624961152672768, 0.006275181658565998, -0.01929129846394062, 0.015740079805254936, -0.041749391704797745, 0.06533950567245483, 0.05232987552881241, 0.05217490345239639, -0.04738568514585495, 0.008356846868991852, 0.00851726345717907, -0.019916050136089325, -0.05124034732580185, -0.015317508950829506, -0.003031723201274872, -0.0060067796148359776, -0.12044022977352142, 0.022011684253811836, 0.05751644819974899, 0.031890131533145905, -0.00013095860776957124, -0.034886572510004044, -0.021113479509949684, -0.04162004962563515, 0.054019734263420105, -0.04424247890710831, 0.055467039346694946, -0.07994603365659714, -0.030589910224080086, 0.00890295673161745, 0.0038154483772814274, 0.00044188270112499595, -0.029674788936972618, 0.02092411369085312, 0.03677583485841751, -0.028437331318855286, 0.008344560861587524, -0.057131391018629074, -0.004399517551064491, 0.004449580330401659, 0.019819993525743484, 0.04250474274158478, 0.019093066453933716, 0.019007163122296333, 0.004106592386960983, 0.023688044399023056, -0.007708885706961155, 0.031988393515348434, 0.03371894732117653, 0.03534853085875511, 0.019394956529140472, -0.03559640422463417, -0.03228642791509628, 0.015188108198344707, 0.005115777254104614, -0.07942312955856323, 0.02248738519847393, 0.04570349305868149, 0.025201914831995964, 0.012414054945111275, 0.06329721957445145, 0.005295003764331341, -0.0056018587201833725, 0.008796744979918003, 0.03083176165819168, 0.010035323910415173, 0.0036521153524518013, 0.09803802520036697, 0.0034923870116472244, 0.00961831584572792, 0.006212787237018347, 0.0029366915114223957, 0.0028547965921461582, 0.0301810409873724, 0.05467650294303894, -0.0007263731095008552, -0.009269101545214653, -0.060257017612457275, 0.03803027421236038, -0.01901857554912567, -0.029701000079512596, -0.009452234022319317, 0.02087262272834778, -0.010891369543969631, -0.015629295259714127, 0.028840981423854828, 0.006633758544921875, -0.02623806707561016, 0.02150176838040352, -0.04065367579460144, -0.007097224239259958, -0.05518722161650658, -0.030167976394295692, -0.03218041732907295, -0.0009291694732382894, 0.014660857617855072, -0.043194662779569626, 0.037504784762859344, -0.051238518208265305, 0.04114338383078575, -0.010699606500566006, -0.00006593116995645687, -0.03480071946978569, 0.010095293633639812, 0.02900821901857853, -0.06446826457977295, -0.032197657972574234, 0.06570655852556229, -0.020978618413209915, 0.002888073679059744, -0.027306953445076942, -0.031603384763002396, -0.036728668957948685, -0.023297585546970367, -0.04669513553380966, -0.0034084084909409285, 0.028224455192685127, -0.027760600671172142, 0.0007633171044290066, -0.02474016137421131, 0.004625970963388681, -0.002745900070294738, 0.0356990322470665, -0.0019691395573318005, 0.015899846330285072, 0.05369805917143822, 0.009564968757331371, -0.01318529061973095, -0.03244219347834587, -0.002399189630523324, -0.07350623607635498, 0.047917261719703674, -0.018811946734786034, -0.07417043298482895, -0.012174248695373535, -0.01961175911128521 ]
<p>Suppose you have an 1-dimensional system with a charge distribution $\rho(x)$ (not given) moving with an speed $v(x)$ (not given), calculate the potential $\phi(x)$ and the charge distribution $\rho(x)$ in the quasistatic limit $\frac{d}{dt}=0$. </p> <p>Hints:</p> <p>$\frac{d^{2} \phi}{dx^{2}}=-\rho/ \varepsilon_{0}$ (Poisson equation)</p> <p>$j=\rho v$</p> <p>$\frac{d}{dx}(\rho v)=0$ (Continuity equation)</p> <p>$\frac{1}{2} mv^{2}=q\phi$(Energy Conservation)</p> <p>My attempt for solving it was: From the energy conservation equation we get that $$\frac{1}{v}=\sqrt{\frac{m}{2q}} \phi^{-1/2}$$ Continuity equation tells us that $j$ is constant, then $$ \rho = \frac{j}{v}=j\sqrt{\frac{m}{2q}} \phi^{-1/2}$$ Using Laplace equation $$-\varepsilon_{0}\frac{d^{2} \phi}{dx^{2}}=j\sqrt{\frac{m}{2q}} \phi^{-1/2}$$ Then $$\frac{d^{2} \phi}{dx^{2}}+\frac{j}{\varepsilon_{0}}\sqrt{\frac{m}{2q}} \phi^{-1/2}=0$$ This is just an equation of the form $$ f^{\prime\prime}+kf^{-1/2}=0$$ Multiplying by $f^{\prime}$ and integrating $$ \int f^{\prime}f^{\prime\prime}dx+k\int f^{\prime}f^{-1/2}dx=0$$ $$ \frac{1}{2}(f^{\prime})^2+2k\sqrt{f}=0$$ $$ (f^{\prime})^2=-4k\sqrt{f}$$ $$ f^{\prime}=\sqrt{-4k} f^{1/4}$$ And here is my problem, i have the $\sqrt{-4k}$ term that in general is not real! $$ \frac{df}{f^{1/4}}=\sqrt{-4k}dx $$ $$ \frac{4}{3} f^{3/4}=\sqrt{-4k}x +C $$ $$ f={\frac{3}{4}[\sqrt{-4k}x +C]}^{4/3} $$</p>
g4565
[ 0.029719533398747444, 0.05529015511274338, -0.019830036908388138, -0.0020126765593886375, 0.043160974979400635, 0.003017827169969678, -0.0012138830497860909, -0.035697951912879944, 0.008932861499488354, 0.015017305500805378, -0.036195747554302216, 0.021935556083917618, -0.05777975916862488, 0.039671048521995544, -0.004902427550405264, 0.02869519591331482, 0.07069016993045807, -0.017796024680137634, -0.032126687467098236, -0.006833668798208237, -0.0638812780380249, -0.052201248705387115, 0.03184955194592476, 0.012756255455315113, 0.02046627178788185, 0.040085285902023315, 0.007914677262306213, 0.0028611277230083942, -0.04443780332803726, -0.042353056371212006, 0.0007360898307524621, -0.0058005452156066895, -0.0282873697578907, -0.017867909744381905, -0.03247379511594772, -0.013681227341294289, 0.0908505916595459, -0.04883313924074173, 0.04679717868566513, -0.055959053337574005, -0.02903035655617714, -0.08067663013935089, 0.06348781287670135, 0.020195510238409042, 0.002890064148232341, -0.006511398125439882, -0.03948405757546425, -0.022086527198553085, -0.04539922624826431, 0.035623371601104736, 0.04179608076810837, 0.07882630079984665, 0.04558958858251572, 0.012243824079632759, -0.014679738320410252, 0.006535849068313837, 0.020917488262057304, -0.029883911833167076, -0.04032076150178909, 0.038354936987161636, 0.004469738807529211, 0.010787022300064564, 0.021137608215212822, -0.006625975016504526, 0.07854664325714111, -0.04174011945724487, -0.057117924094200134, -0.02055330015718937, 0.04168951138854027, -0.003912055864930153, 0.030064387246966362, -0.024784456938505173, -0.028407664969563484, -0.014737414196133614, 0.018254024907946587, 0.010239395312964916, 0.046135369688272476, -0.029752230271697044, 0.012566187418997288, -0.03335847705602646, -0.03408884257078171, -0.008233960717916489, 0.06564061343669891, 0.004576328210532665, 0.06097158417105675, -0.008047862909734249, 0.009841463528573513, 0.015927819535136223, 0.000604988366831094, -0.01460869237780571, -0.0626874566078186, 0.009701933711767197, -0.029981203377246857, -0.0010473940055817366, 0.012491538189351559, 0.005944167263805866, -0.019231801852583885, 0.04792436584830284, -0.02271614596247673, -0.058420490473508835, 0.008801241405308247, 0.017510442063212395, -0.017933551222085953, 0.014273503795266151, 0.005838376935571432, -0.015157136134803295, -0.020167673006653786, 0.03285492584109306, 0.012866637669503689, -0.006509703118354082, 0.03394690155982971, -0.04016002640128136, -0.013849574141204357, -0.06233769282698631, 0.0001767642970662564, -0.015423201024532318, 0.03960249572992325, -0.04000994190573692, -0.0452299602329731, -0.0030203720089048147, -0.025414807721972466, 0.022150546312332153, 0.040561433881521225, 0.06738079339265823, 0.018049731850624084, -0.0051155732944607735, -0.004307406954467297, 0.004930512979626656, -0.004230549093335867, 0.005941901355981827, -0.06032661721110344, -0.03138703480362892, 0.07921706885099411, 0.0021487309131771326, -0.0453219935297966, 0.03867880627512932, -0.018510727211833, 0.03514181077480316, 0.03164342790842056, -0.026411959901452065, 0.010150723159313202, -0.03389551863074303, 0.0030796362552791834, -0.019643738865852356, -0.04084911197423935, -0.023772643879055977, -0.0032701001036912203, -0.04867167770862579, -0.025344213470816612, -0.001983975525945425, 0.01002613827586174, 0.05764821916818619, -0.05918916314840317, 0.033365070819854736, 0.0128121767193079, 0.005472865886986256, 0.028214849531650543, 0.025359617546200752, -0.00198264024220407, -0.014088836498558521, -0.005763151682913303, 0.04894866794347763, -0.005998330656439066, 0.016849854961037636, -0.00800550077110529, -0.009963786229491234, 0.023626936599612236, -0.012900881469249725, 0.017344916239380836, -0.042703866958618164, -0.0014217711286619306, -0.019035683944821358, 0.04543767124414444, 0.03583693504333496, 0.015591752715408802, -0.043896544724702835, 0.0009343646815977991, -0.020300932228565216, 0.014799725264310837, -0.011821999214589596, 0.021370498463511467, -0.007074800319969654, 0.03865787759423256, -0.028473764657974243, -0.057346828281879425, 0.03446495160460472, -0.03854828327894211, 0.07215174287557602, 0.012621568515896797, 0.000605548731982708, -0.04215314984321594, -0.0006514216656796634, -0.021373523399233818, 0.03105061501264572, -0.04434993863105774, 0.029810719192028046, 0.0016127793351188302, -0.028601450845599174, -0.021646099165081978, -0.02990902215242386, -0.004431186709553003, 0.003746005706489086, 0.0767660066485405, -0.012061034329235554, 0.11721035838127136, -0.07293340563774109, 0.004494799766689539, -0.04201024770736694, 0.07405106723308563, 0.010437347926199436, -0.02632172591984272, -0.07625488936901093, -0.04070476442575455, 0.07517138868570328, 0.05641971528530121, -0.07690417766571045, 0.008904414251446724, -0.003554452210664749, -0.04131041839718819, 0.019802583381533623, -0.08814418315887451, 0.020453887060284615, 0.023343902081251144, 0.012555461376905441, -0.042937032878398895, 0.03275702893733978, 0.0059168413281440735, 0.008680032566189766, -0.06913606822490692, 0.03169482201337814, -0.00521473353728652, 0.0000186108718480682, -0.014986362308263779, 0.02498702146112919, 0.03056483156979084, 0.019028769806027412, -0.05655674636363983, -0.0026845396496355534, -0.007955549284815788, -0.021303558722138405, -0.039265453815460205, 0.024732176214456558, 0.027532733976840973, 0.030818862840533257, 0.05575431138277054, 0.06058966740965843, 0.02823958545923233, -0.010937146842479706, 0.027379289269447327, 0.015144150704145432, 0.07754549384117126, 0.020220786333084106, 0.010248423554003239, -0.03452407568693161, 0.01188301295042038, -0.045033566653728485, -0.019506098702549934, 0.011941594071686268, 0.03072967380285263, -0.03793801739811897, -0.05267607420682907, 0.06660563498735428, -0.05895928293466568, -0.01988976262509823, -0.010610558092594147, 0.021734213456511497, -0.017384668812155724, 0.06710349023342133, 0.04763539880514145, 0.005238895770162344, 0.01991875469684601, 0.03680039197206497, 0.012468098662793636, 0.04036734625697136, 0.0024417375680059195, -0.03824847564101219, 0.0011468470329418778, -0.06833542883396149, 0.027903418987989426, -0.015272397547960281, -0.0023989686742424965, -0.03869437426328659, 0.027872363105416298, 0.04211375489830971, 0.013749429024755955, -0.0612170584499836, 0.07779008895158768, 0.026259563863277435, 0.004097932018339634, -0.011736479587852955, -0.020093154162168503, 0.024618523195385933, 0.03512885421514511, -0.0051128980703651905, -0.033046696335077286, 0.0749225988984108, 0.033408209681510925, -0.08405939489603043, 0.029979098588228226, -0.003835587529465556, 0.04025372862815857, -0.038708120584487915, -0.007767885457724333, 0.08038126677274704, 0.057525940239429474, 0.02604445070028305, -0.01600082404911518, -0.014030908234417439, 0.05105806142091751, -0.01667228899896145, 0.03618312627077103, 0.03345964103937149, 0.027115989476442337, 0.019618472084403038, -0.0486062727868557, 0.013888118788599968, 0.034402765333652496, -0.03520222380757332, -0.010199054144322872, -0.010556817054748535, 0.013280599378049374, -0.03783813491463661, -0.016275273635983467, 0.00801308173686266, -0.002881945576518774, 0.07888779789209366, -0.08349921554327011, 0.00578926969319582, 0.015760373324155807, 0.013506350107491016, 0.016987551003694534, 0.04245825111865997, 0.08101890236139297, -0.05176175385713577, -0.06380306929349899, -0.03196173533797264, -0.021782971918582916, 0.05542841926217079, 0.051935791969299316, -0.042382676154375076, -0.05023302510380745, 0.031230736523866653, -0.02192103862762451, 0.025953277945518494, -0.03597303852438927, -0.034865718334913254, -0.006647246424108744, 0.03144292160868645, -0.01351935788989067, -0.0014430648880079389, 0.01076684519648552, 0.023662494495511055, 0.06285729259252548, 0.02346799336373806, -0.04848175495862961, 0.019008982926607132, -0.01205525454133749, 0.042047228664159775, -0.05224717780947685, 0.008087190799415112, 0.012156021781265736, -0.06633983552455902, 0.0099174864590168, 0.03321400657296181, 0.029566314071416855, -0.005106078460812569, 0.008912468329071999, -0.008528475649654865, -0.009820505976676941, -0.033496737480163574, 0.025509405881166458, 0.013707748614251614, 0.026653962209820747, 0.06723286956548691, -0.011026953347027302, -0.016982560977339745, -0.026867400854825974, -0.052075378596782684, -0.05307355895638466, -0.010250401683151722, 0.035505495965480804, -0.009374353103339672, 0.04126446694135666, 0.017508497461676598, 0.03903606906533241, 0.013093479909002781, 0.0028817851562052965, -0.031401313841342926, 0.03311443328857422, -0.020911281928420067, 0.03660774603486061, -0.020902294665575027, -0.027979491278529167, 0.038280609995126724, -0.018546678125858307, -0.022755570709705353, 0.03251958638429642, -0.0328415222465992, -0.06415916979312897, -0.013620720244944096, -0.014000673778355122, -0.05962004140019417, 0.0011016435455530882, -0.041845809668302536, 0.008210941217839718, -0.0014207207132130861, 0.003924306482076645, -0.011373763903975487, 0.018206460401415825, -0.013728073798120022, -0.023005204275250435, -0.0467572845518589, 0.05615069344639778, -0.020940938964486122, -0.02748042531311512, -0.048938408493995667, -0.005233380943536758, 0.04024334251880646, -0.00013680050324182957, -0.0008328358526341617, 0.0410107783973217, 0.004088446963578463, 0.01748342253267765, 0.012224800884723663, 0.028395410627126694, -0.011015409603714943, 0.054952073842287064, -0.004931456875056028, -0.013788048177957535, -0.021401578560471535, -0.0014399413485080004, 0.03602954000234604, -0.001612387364730239, -0.006061298307031393, -0.030795477330684662, 0.0547136627137661, -0.05503387004137039, -0.019034940749406815, -0.042302731424570084, 0.06252383440732956, 0.018157243728637695, 0.055007610470056534, 0.022916749119758606, 0.004713360220193863, 0.025117043405771255, 0.04716799035668373, 0.015355588868260384, -0.048040978610515594, 0.020662199705839157, -0.028726670891046524, -0.023731786757707596, 0.018095219507813454, 0.01327000092715025, -0.004212100524455309, 0.0706334263086319, -0.052318770438432693, -0.09498082846403122, -0.03635672852396965, 0.015684854239225388, 0.03291749954223633, -0.04090644419193268, 0.0457148402929306, 0.04290324077010155, -0.004251347854733467, 0.009537635371088982, -0.03527273237705231, -0.04261159896850586, -0.004749849904328585, -0.03677188977599144, -0.061622150242328644, -0.0036194752901792526, 0.014444801025092602, 0.04464910179376602, -0.01059227716177702, 0.012701139785349369, -0.03365803882479668, -0.007000155746936798, 0.03221413120627403, 0.022600475698709488, -0.027802960947155952, 0.043535176664590836, 0.0366988405585289, -0.02877025492489338, 0.03007376566529274, 0.030363667756319046, 0.016834260895848274, -0.019513864070177078, -0.0026505200657993555, -0.019985122606158257, -0.016575505957007408, 0.02961749956011772, 0.021629702299833298, -0.01854660175740719, 0.04602230712771416, 0.05275198817253113, 0.04930752143263817, 0.036595817655324936, 0.004261529538780451, -0.007885494269430637, 0.03273174539208412, -0.027090707793831825, -0.0545785017311573, -0.023938817903399467, -0.003892487147822976, 0.047666896134614944, 0.07377759367227554, 0.06663218140602112, -0.028270332142710686, 0.015668626874685287, 0.02655818685889244, -0.001037153648212552, 0.05264796316623688, 0.08882385492324829, -0.010541588068008423, 0.0032734479755163193, -0.01897905021905899, -0.0466199591755867, 0.03949231281876564, -0.001124704722315073, -0.06996723264455795, 0.074886754155159, -0.003976522013545036, 0.01563907228410244, 0.01038977038115263, 0.01945538818836212, -0.02708416059613228, -0.0450018048286438, -0.10733943432569504, -0.023006431758403778, 0.059291813522577286, -0.010913163423538208, -0.05316353961825371, -0.05123964697122574, -0.03571835905313492, -0.05196971446275711, 0.02409364841878414, -0.04466316103935242, -0.03783723711967468, 0.020678158849477768, -0.03477868437767029, 0.000003122116368103889, -0.037092722952365875, -0.002172484528273344, 0.004982694983482361, -0.07974006235599518, 0.04340852424502373, -0.07496563345193863, -0.020353879779577255, -0.006082573905587196, -0.07314789295196533, 0.0613476000726223, 0.003209327580407262, -0.059526268392801285, -0.08734074234962463, 0.037840649485588074, -0.008250832557678223, 0.03520086407661438, -0.00865991972386837, -0.028218965977430344, 0.03504965826869011, -0.011898152530193329, -0.00610846234485507, 0.01383152138441801, 0.028695963323116302, 0.0018339876551181078, -0.05830400809645653, 0.04921635240316391, 0.013900414109230042, 0.0331416055560112, 0.04475611075758934, -0.019916821271181107, 0.059109922498464584, -0.005395379848778248, -0.011479242704808712, 0.0654095932841301, -0.039683714509010315, 0.008509577251970768, -0.0547260120511055, -0.07331221550703049, -0.009983261115849018, -0.056002575904130936, 0.02266325056552887, 0.05075101926922798, 0.0006467612693086267, -0.014997901394963264, 0.061130404472351074, 0.026847949251532555, -0.05769140645861626, 0.016443749889731407, -0.02814161218702793, 0.019814137369394302, -0.002673806855455041, -0.014034764841198921, -0.03126741945743561, -0.060348909348249435, -0.026347137987613678, 0.033750735223293304, -0.04534224420785904, -0.0446702279150486, 0.058341190218925476, 0.018856529146432877, 0.018939057365059853, -0.0361308716237545, -0.03568932041525841, -0.014898701570928097, -0.0308036208152771, -0.0027167017105966806, 0.025008831173181534, -0.06300117075443268, 0.027927007526159286, -0.0029408675618469715, 0.07668811082839966, -0.004702868405729532, -0.010334956459701061, 0.0394541434943676, -0.03223475441336632, 0.03848463296890259, 0.06261086463928223, 0.010179294273257256, -0.007496329955756664, 0.04321788251399994, -0.007136476691812277, -0.006948002614080906, -0.04821256920695305, 0.0423792339861393, -0.007811466697603464, -0.008706641383469105, 0.008347964845597744, 0.07317086309194565, 0.009072361513972282, 0.06577171385288239, -0.04576222971081734, -0.04540880769491196, 0.049299195408821106, 0.004047159571200609, 0.016270603984594345, 0.005519989877939224, 0.020797288045287132, 0.017153698951005936, -0.024430768564343452, -0.000757140398491174, 0.03301601856946945, 0.0343516506254673, -0.0182590764015913, -0.03175927698612213, -0.002288406016305089, 0.02229156345129013, 0.03885103389620781, -0.03585648164153099, -0.0400480255484581, 0.05896979942917824, 0.0023020266089588404, -0.01785343885421753, -0.01655595190823078, -0.030321218073368073, 0.04356981813907623, 0.025619851425290108, 0.020989196375012398, 0.01012593973428011, -0.027876852080225945, 0.02284737303853035, -0.025715036317706108, 0.004988128785043955, 0.004863997455686331, 0.014711200259625912, 0.04090634733438492, -0.0006524038617499173, -0.0582675077021122, 0.01617676578462124, -0.06853079795837402, 0.027205713093280792, 0.028520453721284866, -0.023833895102143288, 0.03140733763575554, 0.04111947491765022, 0.032859012484550476, 0.05123131722211838, 0.03369482234120369, -0.023959947749972343, -0.01757965423166752, -0.0018631156999617815, -0.008003837428987026, -0.06985988467931747, -0.018393300473690033, -0.00923127681016922, -0.0032357233576476574, -0.08074323832988739, -0.03780695050954819, 0.0037821566220372915, 0.10126230120658875, -0.013638535514473915, -0.043255217373371124, 0.018832912668585777, -0.003305359510704875, 0.014435172080993652, 0.007831432856619358, -0.02624308317899704, 0.018622035160660744, 0.03042192943394184, 0.009621310979127884, 0.006754857487976551, -0.02677212283015251, -0.021247658878564835, 0.02567065879702568, -0.021494222804903984, -0.03711601346731186, -0.01445010770112276, -0.06607627868652344, 0.026250462979078293, 0.008768445812165737, 0.0130940405651927, -0.03480807691812515, -0.009028670378029346, -0.008537526242434978, 0.057353582233190536, -0.01725325547158718, -0.04996428266167641, 0.027969704940915108, -0.005895702634006739, -0.009146442636847496, -0.0322771817445755, -0.04144132882356644, -0.032931603491306305, -0.06690549850463867, 0.010040792636573315, -0.02631891705095768, -0.02556677721440792, -0.02259903773665428, -0.0025238015223294497, -0.008255217224359512, -0.05941404774785042, -0.029330676421523094, -0.025385987013578415, -0.0018856496317312121, -0.03675759956240654, -0.04368703439831734, -0.003119761124253273, -0.00947652105242014, 0.02706841006875038, 0.018117861822247505, -0.03218064457178116, -0.0377039834856987, 0.00454320153221488, 0.004514437634497881, 0.03352808579802513, -0.025825660675764084, -0.026830419898033142, 0.030687343329191208, 0.08040346950292587, 0.005318838637322187, 0.05439045652747154, -0.02508121356368065, -0.07044759392738342, 0.03131749480962753, 0.04948025569319725, -0.0040123662911355495, 0.02473602443933487, 0.03647556155920029, -0.018816493451595306, -0.0013277664547786117, -0.04475174844264984, -0.09882138669490814, 0.004903232213109732, 0.038813333958387375, 0.028047846630215645, -0.060014694929122925, 0.004467506427317858, 0.006683452054858208 ]
<p>Photons have no charge. Light is a form of electromagnetic energy.</p> <p>All spectroscopic effects (to my knowledge) are due to changes in electron state, induced either through an interior or exterior EM (Electro-Magnetic) field. EM forces may affect that state, which in turn affects the light emitted during the change of state, e.g. the Zeeman effect, etc. </p> <p>However, if we <strong><em>exclude</strong> all such spectroscopic phenomena</em>, and consider EM fields purely energetically on the one side, and light energy on the other, are there any know <strong>direct</strong> effects of EM fields on light itself? </p> <p>(I'd really like to hear from physicists with hands on knowledge - and please keep all the Tags as is because I have reasons for selecting them, thx.)</p>
g4566
[ 0.02532937563955784, 0.008971230126917362, 0.01370906364172697, 0.034455183893442154, 0.012366891838610172, -0.0002865681890398264, -0.009516742080450058, 0.038107726722955704, 0.026928259059786797, -0.03147925063967705, 0.02320338785648346, -0.025859786197543144, 0.00017642135208006948, -0.008099053986370564, -0.059565551578998566, 0.003964031580835581, 0.1008017510175705, 0.045771174132823944, 0.02786477841436863, 0.029671093448996544, -0.08014648407697678, -0.03918438032269478, -0.025815442204475403, -0.05805462598800659, -0.05954187363386154, -0.010525320656597614, 0.05739390850067139, -0.04436742514371872, 0.004896278027445078, -0.03252105414867401, -0.013395879417657852, -0.040100838989019394, 0.04595649242401123, 0.0035904927644878626, -0.04759867861866951, -0.024722332134842873, 0.03581429645419121, 0.0639738142490387, -0.022281154990196228, 0.02595124952495098, 0.024028906598687172, 0.03714831918478012, 0.033872347325086594, -0.03645338490605354, -0.007671652361750603, -0.01684468984603882, -0.00134927942417562, 0.02137865498661995, 0.012035232968628407, -0.03348865360021591, -0.019548414275050163, -0.03548505902290344, 0.04892018809914589, 0.0009762853151187301, 0.08200101554393768, -0.04147370532155037, -0.018001845106482506, 0.02894512005150318, 0.09855010360479355, -0.004029750358313322, 0.016554562374949455, -0.02575068548321724, -0.008489353582262993, 0.0356474369764328, -0.039638321846723557, -0.03099660575389862, -0.03922364115715027, -0.053408183157444, 0.02813686989247799, 0.062399476766586304, 0.01325919944792986, 0.016516543924808502, -0.08883532136678696, 0.003958674147725105, 0.07941633462905884, -0.01966489665210247, -0.012088102288544178, -0.018189843744039536, 0.03474925085902214, -0.013140308670699596, -0.013548891991376877, -0.07213746011257172, 0.045049697160720825, -0.01733122393488884, 0.032494496554136276, -0.06119299307465553, 0.024446530267596245, 0.0487276092171669, 0.03325163200497627, -0.027367504313588142, 0.034053996205329895, -0.0032745618373155594, 0.03850657120347023, 0.026982663199305534, -0.008100836537778378, -0.02445082925260067, 0.08169569820165634, 0.04942721128463745, 0.025616355240345, -0.020163148641586304, -0.04954925552010536, 0.020235124975442886, -0.03741707280278206, 0.016031712293624878, 0.03952215611934662, -0.021715553477406502, 0.029428953304886818, 0.02883719839155674, -0.029902243986725807, 0.0035706255584955215, -0.034481946378946304, 0.013432099483907223, -0.04776086285710335, -0.023714987561106682, -0.051073215901851654, -0.01771453768014908, 0.02252429910004139, -0.08677150309085846, -0.053501371294260025, 0.056815020740032196, 0.0770639032125473, 0.014013644307851791, 0.03530064597725868, 0.03468431159853935, -0.0063061947003006935, 0.006538619752973318, 0.0149639081209898, 0.022580260410904884, -0.0007607938023284078, -0.05501788482069969, -0.01870412565767765, -0.027568208053708076, -0.015010399743914604, 0.0038753494154661894, -0.005622268654406071, 0.014133095741271973, 0.0251480545848608, -0.02063685469329357, 0.009327920153737068, -0.039034806191921234, 0.05474335700273514, 0.02150467410683632, -0.0014228770742192864, 0.00016817900177557021, 0.016328252851963043, 0.009665903635323048, 0.024923574179410934, -0.012558206915855408, 0.07568075507879257, 0.037941962480545044, 0.08729685097932816, -0.027502072975039482, -0.015750214457511902, -0.06271389126777649, 0.03391416743397713, -0.01944711059331894, 0.012910275720059872, -0.03763439878821373, -0.053437650203704834, 0.011596547439694405, 0.028155462816357613, 0.05964518338441849, 0.029109220951795578, -0.027408434078097343, 0.013656488619744778, -0.05979260429739952, 0.017381584271788597, -0.035120703279972076, -0.012162033468484879, 0.008730792440474033, -0.025396788492798805, -0.019311441108584404, 0.007518445607274771, 0.028047239407896996, -0.04778730124235153, 0.0033787558786571026, 0.03642110526561737, -0.02664485014975071, 0.04840271174907684, 0.003996170125901699, -0.03960857540369034, 0.010686742141842842, -0.00667200330644846, -0.030544856563210487, 0.020069073885679245, -0.03283859044313431, -0.04145233705639839, 0.022312870249152184, -0.055985696613788605, 0.04524371773004532, -0.04416155815124512, 0.02048734948039055, 0.054629988968372345, -0.00027635859441943467, -0.02580634318292141, -0.030469872057437897, -0.0147037198767066, 0.010430123656988144, -0.010193315334618092, 0.006635203957557678, -0.07386387139558792, 0.07125124335289001, -0.03804789111018181, 0.024228470399975777, 0.011791467666625977, 0.030084891244769096, 0.03346490114927292, -0.05137503892183304, 0.008837888948619366, -0.018983161076903343, 0.05322091281414032, 0.002314426237717271, 0.034118399024009705, 0.003062179544940591, 0.021739305928349495, -0.019041985273361206, -0.06358993798494339, -0.029965830966830254, 0.0216650553047657, 0.03761940449476242, -0.04673285037279129, 0.02914150059223175, 0.01318467315286398, 0.01736314594745636, -0.05222075432538986, -0.03479260951280594, -0.003958479501307011, 0.040664609521627426, 0.004955051001161337, 0.003891804488375783, -0.07001575827598572, 0.03852011263370514, 0.02873537875711918, 0.010956400074064732, 0.03191893547773361, 0.02711893990635872, -0.05964961647987366, -0.008659955114126205, 0.031963709741830826, -0.017503561452031136, 0.012322735972702503, -0.05210765451192856, -0.007615336682647467, -0.0024775078054517508, -0.020919203758239746, -0.05665406584739685, 0.009892746806144714, 0.05246889591217041, -0.009326721541583538, -0.06552374362945557, 0.02486160397529602, -0.019643941894173622, -0.009201002307236195, 0.02790425345301628, -0.013971672393381596, -0.024355150759220123, -0.005465251859277487, 0.033008746802806854, -0.035656172782182693, 0.008283449336886406, -0.018835119903087616, 0.0067210085690021515, -0.03731143847107887, 0.025335505604743958, -0.0023815641179680824, -0.023156633600592613, -0.003292125416919589, 0.028423292562365532, 0.023304946720600128, -0.0023513096384704113, -0.050779666751623154, 0.10184737294912338, -0.035219695419073105, -0.005690799094736576, 0.0630778819322586, 0.016306359320878983, -0.04235028475522995, 0.037338703870773315, 0.02208736725151539, -0.08545579016208649, -0.01266500260680914, -0.021175064146518707, -0.0385325625538826, 0.017548952251672745, 0.04344730079174042, -0.06298423558473587, -0.004265878349542618, -0.05086127668619156, -0.011497466824948788, -0.035014186054468155, -0.005236014723777771, 0.02405571937561035, 0.07276579737663269, -0.008729705587029457, -0.03615277633070946, -0.06563093513250351, -0.015949714928865433, -0.00982315931469202, -0.023940352723002434, 0.05038756877183914, 0.02655186504125595, 0.01255079172551632, 0.004624424036592245, 0.04344126582145691, 0.04413926228880882, -0.007241634652018547, -0.08525516092777252, -0.07547852396965027, 0.036324650049209595, 0.009700821712613106, -0.05444273725152016, 0.05275489389896393, -0.0070448159240186214, 0.051204174757003784, -0.04640625789761543, 0.04045207425951958, -0.008004950359463692, 0.0031179417856037617, -0.015422835014760494, 0.00594021612778306, 0.02585335448384285, -0.029254255816340446, -0.005799659062176943, -0.03251938149333, 0.05466645583510399, 0.012277786619961262, 0.016609538346529007, -0.009274939075112343, -0.03158978372812271, 0.015987755730748177, 0.005412451922893524, -0.022048091515898705, 0.006910837255418301, -0.012893645092844963, -0.08364421874284744, 0.07485684752464294, -0.03951374441385269, -0.030054112896323204, 0.026250047609210014, 0.0010267662582919002, 0.04261081665754318, -0.015042517334222794, -0.08993232250213623, -0.0049568163231015205, 0.014463391155004501, -0.0009166607051156461, -0.036324743181467056, -0.0936708077788353, -0.0011432274477556348, 0.0022472250275313854, 0.05881265178322792, 0.0066152107901871204, -0.01584533415734768, 0.014445644803345203, -0.029937388375401497, -0.014620453119277954, 0.05433431640267372, 0.057886961847543716, 0.0007450541597791016, -0.01438251044601202, -0.06446082890033722, -0.01737947203218937, 0.02729993872344494, -0.07529842853546143, -0.016783487051725388, 0.025473514571785927, -0.019819946959614754, 0.005243970546871424, 0.041193608194589615, -0.0032970025204122066, 0.0014114452060312033, 0.0019181962125003338, 0.010935339145362377, 0.03127322345972061, -0.02828321047127247, -0.006262560375034809, 0.057055097073316574, -0.048380497843027115, -0.033860087394714355, 0.024285800755023956, 0.038213226944208145, 0.023086564615368843, 0.06896914541721344, 0.04584658145904541, 0.01930215395987034, -0.0006401471327990294, -0.031772613525390625, 0.023840658366680145, -0.05580275133252144, 0.03444228693842888, 0.004369032569229603, -0.044732991605997086, -0.021863263100385666, 0.03896030783653259, -0.025368938222527504, -0.023132892325520515, 0.04046657308936119, -0.06205592676997185, -0.03210347145795822, -0.010916410014033318, 0.039543475955724716, 0.017577677965164185, 0.0031982630025595427, -0.006139559205621481, 0.002941486658528447, 0.00011738611647160724, 0.013191725127398968, -0.025962289422750473, -0.05878014117479324, -0.026010477915406227, 0.038591064512729645, -0.04372863098978996, -0.03149411827325821, -0.006920831277966499, -0.037264999002218246, -0.008052991703152657, -0.04454108700156212, 0.0013951255241408944, 0.04757982864975929, -0.02535225823521614, 0.050820302218198776, 0.022419391199946404, -0.005650146398693323, 0.011306741274893284, -0.0231639314442873, 0.08323023468255997, 0.020682653412222862, -0.017499588429927826, 0.020146513357758522, 0.0313868448138237, 0.030486343428492546, 0.0453023687005043, -0.03560035303235054, -0.010448938235640526, 0.006503673270344734, 0.0645127072930336, -0.03499336913228035, -0.010684262029826641, 0.011141221970319748, 0.00430681137368083, 0.10305928438901901, 0.06427519023418427, 0.030967790633440018, 0.022223692387342453, -0.022897494956851006, 0.026382355019450188, -0.05551644787192345, 0.00870069582015276, -0.0022865580394864082, -0.027182115241885185, -0.011905179359018803, 0.008720235899090767, -0.03622780740261078, -0.0383765883743763, -0.011594370007514954, -0.0029762079939246178, -0.030882645398378372, 0.004454907029867172, -0.042554885149002075, 0.03876439854502678, -0.009237580001354218, -0.021596234291791916, 0.04103738069534302, 0.04079773649573326, 0.01358431950211525, -0.008932993747293949, -0.07640305161476135, -0.008786281570792198, -0.05805569887161255, -0.011994631960988045, -0.0005088744219392538, -0.016367832198739052, 0.03934868052601814, -0.04697265848517418, -0.018229451030492783, 0.0007908489205874503, -0.06490623205900192, -0.03651309385895729, -0.039048995822668076, -0.056769680231809616, 0.00243762438185513, -0.03754223883152008, 0.03829067572951317, 0.019592642784118652, -0.016686007380485535, 0.005439839791506529, 0.004347759764641523, 0.08873216062784195, -0.03439707309007645, -0.08021513372659683, -0.06613047420978546, 0.01419238280504942, -0.06834407150745392, -0.03963642939925194, -0.03364938497543335, 0.04723400995135307, 0.003230275819078088, 0.019368186593055725, 0.0010790276573970914, 0.016507070511579514, 0.0069653550162911415, -0.016588754951953888, 0.011599150486290455, -0.008345168083906174, -0.037030111998319626, -0.030113786458969116, 0.008750352077186108, -0.013546711765229702, -0.022484060376882553, -0.0001260192657355219, -0.08016707748174667, -0.011647193692624569, 0.01740458980202675, 0.01573319546878338, -0.004540476016700268, 0.010111295618116856, -0.013935287483036518, 0.05856310576200485, 0.048821188509464264, -0.033058881759643555, -0.034183960407972336, -0.005579243414103985, 0.05291170999407768, -0.020904911682009697, 0.06260848045349121, 0.022352907806634903, 0.00015676612383686006, 0.07280784845352173, 0.05970371514558792, -0.004587061703205109, -0.0001174632998299785, 0.014523312449455261, 0.030751783400774002, 0.018505094572901726, 0.009415030479431152, -0.07996921986341476, 0.038742199540138245, 0.02905830554664135, -0.027400175109505653, 0.036123622208833694, 0.010306382551789284, -0.029160991311073303, 0.01665908470749855, 0.04903697222471237, -0.03872458264231682, 0.00548067782074213, -0.027297452092170715, -0.04712371528148651, 0.0288519486784935, 0.0014426197158172727, 0.021273605525493622, -0.030054936185479164, -0.0272243432700634, -0.027767842635512352, -0.025905735790729523, 0.05577385425567627, 0.0007127239950932562, 0.0000521956171724014, -0.04637834057211876, -0.013554307632148266, 0.06323792785406113, 0.04641512408852577, 0.013482371345162392, 0.03232289478182793, 0.02475438453257084, 0.04772565886378288, 0.0500793419778347, -0.07471373677253723, -0.0030354864429682493, 0.006202791351824999, 0.04180142283439636, 0.031230518594384193, 0.0028385454788804054, -0.04721299931406975, -0.013170633465051651, -0.011828253977000713, 0.0075810691341757774, 0.023013297468423843, -0.08980156481266022, -0.01847553439438343, -0.007269348483532667, 0.013142082840204239, 0.0914764553308487, -0.05755380541086197, -0.01010964997112751, 0.019703445956110954, -0.005911975167691708, 0.04947494715452194, 0.06305394321680069, -0.019959058612585068, -0.012601974420249462, -0.0018426673486828804, 0.008072041906416416, -0.012511693872511387, -0.021034037694334984, -0.03745526075363159, 0.01424814946949482, 0.009925752878189087, -0.014084508642554283, 0.04403891786932945, 0.05818333849310875, -0.019174380227923393, 0.014400660060346127, -0.023489316925406456, 0.0419665090739727, 0.05270478129386902, -0.027462266385555267, -0.0007316329283639789, 0.002956556621938944, 0.021257398650050163, -0.04162469133734703, -0.07967881113290787, -0.035798683762550354, -0.0337335541844368, -0.023330083116889, -0.07214660197496414, 0.006994122639298439, 0.012668336741626263, 0.015409430488944054, -0.010769722983241081, -0.06540552526712418, -0.08985262364149094, 0.07172626256942749, 0.000790837686508894, 0.029503973200917244, 0.10798223316669464, -0.08524508029222488, 0.027395660057663918, 0.000007047753570077475, -0.02324717678129673, 0.0046629831194877625, 0.00016604221309535205, 0.0009019437711685896, -0.003333844244480133, 0.001508869114331901, 0.06241877004504204, 0.0013403085758909583, -0.054338619112968445, 0.02807597629725933, -0.03491587191820145, -0.001206149929203093, 0.042936041951179504, 0.05095420777797699, -0.012238485738635063, -0.03454671800136566, 0.013731706887483597, -0.028381820768117905, -0.008584301918745041, 0.011727230623364449, 0.05865047127008438, -0.021397169679403305, -0.036794513463974, 0.016368042677640915, -0.004412571433931589, 0.037463877350091934, 0.0247694980353117, -0.010527429170906544, 0.012282024137675762, 0.0036321785300970078, -0.06435757130384445, 0.02640058845281601, -0.0036514848470687866, -0.03292696923017502, -0.02122480608522892, 0.01664004474878311, 0.011168100871145725, 0.03292207792401314, -0.04495793581008911, -0.0035547323059290648, 0.03857918456196785, 0.032953303307294846, -0.05343084782361984, -0.02455984055995941, 0.015737691894173622, -0.022604839876294136, -0.008217999711632729, -0.04083750396966934, 0.06108008697628975, -0.01068459264934063, -0.015497618354856968, -0.02985352836549282, 0.07169173657894135, -0.00021300528896972537, 0.03197995200753212, -0.013562469743192196, 0.010567896068096161, -0.02992192655801773, 0.0395025759935379, -0.016855726018548012, -0.06072583049535751, 0.006596631836146116, -0.04007852450013161, -0.019278932362794876, 0.005013375077396631, -0.045556437224149704, -0.0436226986348629, 0.015989741310477257, 0.029872531071305275, 0.035514891147613525, -0.0035791685804724693, -0.03282603248953819, 0.00046630616998299956, 0.008397109806537628, -0.04247141629457474, 0.03902219608426094, 0.024394799023866653, 0.0026846674736589193, -0.03517596051096916, -0.017411300912499428, 0.050289664417505264, 0.01425890438258648, 0.042568139731884, 0.021328797563910484, 0.0072881197556853294, 0.04174569249153137, 0.0163619052618742, 0.031285662204027176, 0.024999380111694336, 0.03489601984620094, 0.056191034615039825, -0.05127335339784622, 0.00655393535271287, -0.04959513247013092, 0.024397484958171844, 0.011072862893342972, 0.02244020812213421, 0.029003962874412537, -0.005935913883149624, 0.07799335569143295, -0.0013869514223188162, 0.03662556782364845, -0.0026779749896377325, -0.020259641110897064, 0.021421797573566437, -0.022904042154550552, 0.01493629440665245, 0.024248972535133362, 0.00839495100080967, 0.046084608882665634, -0.021778427064418793, 0.0009550023241899908, -0.049122001975774765, -0.052707821130752563, -0.03384093940258026, 0.014285187236964703, -0.005982907488942146, 0.012169335037469864, 0.023666735738515854, 0.010047320276498795, 0.06483223289251328, -0.010685054585337639, 0.024666614830493927, -0.027808984741568565, 0.07074002176523209, 0.05262498930096626, -0.08056846261024475, -0.023880610242486, -0.03927282616496086, 0.01744094118475914, 0.02878294512629509, -0.014340639114379883, 0.012690580449998379, -0.020823033526539803, -0.015534688718616962, 0.03009030409157276, -0.03398069366812706, -0.003958721179515123, 0.011362635530531406 ]
<p>For years I have been very fascinated by the "mystery" aspect of gravity. Functionally, we understand it perfectly for our all applications, but in my (limited to undergrad General Physics 3 quarters) understanding, we don't know WHY it exists or HOW the "pull" works. </p> <p>I'm very sorry for what is surely trite pop-science term use, but, to provide an example of what I mean: there has to be SOME "measurable material" of gravity between say the earth and the moon -- some kind of 'graviton' (not that it needs to be a particle or anything, I have <em>zero</em> claims as to the nature of how gravity does what it does). The [butchered] saying of "pluck a flower and move the furthest moon," because gravity in theory, has an infinite range (?) and moving a flower on earth could maybe move an atom on jupiter ever so slightly (?)."</p> <p>Anyway, similar to how we had "very good" hypotheses about the existence of higgs-boson that the LHC 99%+ confirmed, do we have any "very good" hypotheses in regards to the fundamental way how gravity does what we have long-known it to do?</p>
g4567
[ 0.02204345539212227, 0.06687460094690323, -0.004469363950192928, -0.009810267016291618, 0.014059185981750488, 0.006012002471834421, -0.012449664995074272, -0.016554851084947586, -0.012019791640341282, -0.09276297688484192, 0.022830171510577202, -0.024948369711637497, 0.08665081858634949, -0.008054750971496105, -0.027533892542123795, 0.0030267639085650444, 0.013424558565020561, -0.013713907450437546, 0.036235298961400986, 0.0022365893237292767, 0.021945610642433167, 0.0011402219533920288, 0.03832358866930008, -0.027272962033748627, -0.13222767412662506, -0.025748135522007942, 0.029326163232326508, -0.015892770141363144, -0.005979249719530344, -0.02117280662059784, -0.004622538108378649, -0.0509282723069191, 0.053182292729616165, -0.059069614857435226, -0.04004718363285065, -0.0441451333463192, -0.0036326732952147722, 0.0022024326026439667, 0.0041969940066337585, -0.0008135922253131866, -0.0100833335891366, -0.026826350018382072, 0.0047399564646184444, -0.019155962392687798, 0.019570987671613693, 0.024707473814487457, -0.007665438577532768, -0.005050087813287973, 0.024218730628490448, -0.05739425867795944, -0.013764225877821445, 0.044024258852005005, 0.055553849786520004, 0.05214511975646019, -0.010226927697658539, -0.021754557266831398, 0.10864689946174622, 0.06305045634508133, 0.06647306680679321, -0.004490710329264402, 0.009101788513362408, 0.03163149207830429, 0.020979274064302444, -0.0018821201520040631, 0.01838991604745388, 0.02844122052192688, -0.03321137651801109, 0.029776794835925102, -0.022999068722128868, 0.005990495439618826, 0.02155635692179203, -0.06185648962855339, 0.02928740344941616, -0.008230937644839287, -0.04655913636088371, 0.03006323054432869, -0.04558491334319115, 0.04412563890218735, 0.007162999827414751, -0.07423052936792374, 0.0004993707407265902, -0.055062878876924515, -0.0324941948056221, -0.010428221896290779, 0.04974135383963585, -0.009766935370862484, -0.03180151432752609, -0.010643047280609608, 0.03287661075592041, 0.04070842266082764, 0.03189077973365784, -0.00566080491989851, 0.01637035608291626, 0.010004318319261074, -0.010211684741079807, -0.03441425785422325, 0.024348124861717224, 0.01502959057688713, -0.049834515899419785, -0.02020048163831234, -0.03940340504050255, -0.016652224585413933, 0.01176612451672554, 0.0013637141091749072, 0.021977074444293976, 0.0055175600573420525, 0.011235247366130352, 0.030365021899342537, 0.0480794683098793, -0.010588369332253933, -0.022960031405091286, 0.07194608449935913, 0.04212496429681778, -0.027295459061861038, 0.03162318468093872, -0.043927110731601715, 0.05092518776655197, 0.048441361635923386, -0.00495208939537406, 0.0466102659702301, -0.058818839490413666, 0.04938352853059769, 0.0035896096378564835, 0.030449025332927704, -0.033189401030540466, -0.06765398383140564, 0.01909194514155388, 0.0010489721316844225, -0.02518361061811447, 0.012062938883900642, -0.019026700407266617, 0.0011590959038585424, -0.036429982632398605, 0.03911352902650833, -0.024321604520082474, 0.04880082979798317, 0.02466893568634987, 0.03525688499212265, 0.018461499363183975, 0.022546863183379173, -0.0444384403526783, -0.029282221570611, -0.029591085389256477, -0.017795918509364128, -0.005276287440210581, 0.03877514228224754, -0.006175737362354994, 0.003131663193926215, -0.054717112332582474, -0.041932594031095505, 0.008191611617803574, 0.07154735177755356, 0.056942250579595566, -0.07959651201963425, -0.004182104952633381, 0.006781519390642643, 0.012577391229569912, -0.06862503290176392, -0.029539838433265686, 0.013431841507554054, 0.060654234141111374, -0.0393172986805439, 0.007197021506726742, -0.03103715181350708, -0.031712476164102554, 0.06366340070962906, -0.008709466084837914, -0.017565591260790825, 0.009389529936015606, 0.04402103275060654, -0.11960885673761368, -0.037210818380117416, 0.014078726060688496, 0.09479746967554092, 0.04025134816765785, -0.015258051455020905, 0.08356791734695435, -0.019576508551836014, -0.0019944633822888136, 0.020997200161218643, 0.0021251975558698177, -0.03454777970910072, 0.03488965705037117, -0.002142093377187848, -0.01766885444521904, 0.0015942519530653954, 0.0027015076484531164, -0.012705210596323013, -0.006233417894691229, 0.01063211914151907, -0.07813157141208649, -0.023275226354599, 0.02938888594508171, 0.004201479256153107, 0.00730576366186142, -0.04391026496887207, -0.015251357108354568, -0.04052431136369705, -0.0390152707695961, 0.033987823873758316, -0.07072034478187561, 0.02194940485060215, 0.03721226006746292, -0.019458109512925148, 0.015258146449923515, -0.005717047955840826, 0.02435648813843727, 0.03147124499082565, 0.023518813773989677, 0.020759914070367813, 0.04030995815992355, -0.03364446386694908, 0.036005668342113495, 0.059189118444919586, -0.0011101450072601438, -0.006311002187430859, -0.0744933933019638, -0.014830885455012321, 0.021672582253813744, 0.016695933416485786, 0.004796219058334827, -0.01664249412715435, 0.02933928743004799, 0.03031846694648266, 0.0006585207884199917, -0.005462377332150936, -0.0250899326056242, -0.025039806962013245, -0.019055316224694252, 0.03064853698015213, -0.00504416273906827, 0.02597837708890438, 0.0418831929564476, -0.0043694148771464825, 0.027230514213442802, 0.016458697617053986, 0.016084300354123116, -0.06308858096599579, 0.0376058854162693, 0.08776824921369553, 0.03122626803815365, -0.08573296666145325, -0.026898927986621857, -0.03421921655535698, 0.028221404179930687, 0.012402846477925777, 0.03560402989387512, 0.011147938668727875, -0.01926310546696186, 0.005045733880251646, 0.03270919248461723, -0.022807994857430458, -0.056580550968647, -0.03825582191348076, -0.0011801301734521985, -0.006071124225854874, 0.027795331552624702, 0.07519976049661636, -0.03461339697241783, -0.018877172842621803, 0.014604752883315086, -0.07457403093576431, 0.029292449355125427, 0.051930129528045654, -0.03323078155517578, -0.05390644818544388, -0.09275847673416138, 0.025632141157984734, -0.04984450340270996, 0.00862906128168106, -0.02877521887421608, 0.034258704632520676, 0.007273346185684204, 0.01736968755722046, -0.0355457067489624, 0.04002486541867256, 0.004104773513972759, -0.010541335679590702, 0.057561855763196945, -0.025154348462820053, -0.024499408900737762, -0.018980730324983597, -0.051607176661491394, -0.013263280503451824, -0.011671951040625572, 0.027004778385162354, -0.06036851555109024, -0.023725049570202827, -0.018590006977319717, 0.0014300055336207151, 0.010372083634138107, 0.0015272954478859901, 0.038533009588718414, 0.018177777528762817, -0.02756941132247448, 0.013699428178369999, -0.006501187104731798, 0.007897965610027313, -0.045450784265995026, -0.02706906758248806, 0.004614314530044794, 0.0009090686216950417, 0.03295841068029404, 0.031072959303855896, -0.05444555729627609, 0.00485075730830431, -0.04352410510182381, -0.01452755369246006, 0.032823726534843445, -0.017048915848135948, 0.007439288776367903, 0.07910813391208649, 0.012478627264499664, 0.03552223742008209, 0.006142734549939632, -0.0156719870865345, 0.0005355224129743874, 0.044440995901823044, -0.012569052167236805, -0.016689153388142586, 0.046534642577171326, -0.012210242450237274, -0.023314334452152252, -0.03987319767475128, 0.047366928309202194, 0.06719446182250977, -0.09372250735759735, 0.04414328560233116, -0.0600954033434391, -0.013359349220991135, 0.0663720965385437, -0.03963359072804451, -0.05276069417595863, 0.009224599227309227, -0.032806940376758575, 0.007580214645713568, 0.03387736529111862, 0.043844074010849, 0.08343423902988434, -0.005286934319883585, -0.0325067974627018, 0.007988996803760529, -0.04199999198317528, 0.03979693353176117, 0.0050895968452095985, 0.055852010846138, -0.008033535443246365, -0.033504288643598557, 0.019097447395324707, 0.017337391152977943, 0.049875155091285706, -0.025462234392762184, -0.030487308278679848, -0.05575110763311386, 0.022584935650229454, 0.015517689287662506, 0.011328838765621185, -0.026649342849850655, 0.02469741180539131, -0.039128150790929794, -0.02642754465341568, 0.04005405679345131, 0.002225634176284075, 0.025113388895988464, 0.006484627723693848, -0.033490683883428574, 0.0011705412762239575, 0.052770234644412994, -0.035143207758665085, -0.017125878483057022, 0.024423981085419655, 0.05018286779522896, -0.012387142516672611, 0.04530254378914833, 0.01692313142120838, -0.06803206354379654, 0.023574866354465485, 0.00892637949436903, -0.011554253287613392, 0.002095344942063093, 0.056120604276657104, 0.061877645552158356, 0.036740660667419434, 0.05867975205183029, 0.004457533825188875, 0.0025465013459324837, -0.0869559720158577, -0.034094974398612976, 0.02618858590722084, -0.021739719435572624, -0.05896425619721413, 0.02894456684589386, 0.0038601229898631573, -0.02494342066347599, -0.0013356314739212394, -0.058348577469587326, -0.006972952745854855, 0.004098348785191774, 0.03457624092698097, -0.04863152652978897, -0.01607939600944519, 0.04864837974309921, 0.02595994807779789, -0.03182554990053177, -0.033078063279390335, -0.04393292963504791, 0.03201327100396156, -0.00436668936163187, 0.013787847943603992, -0.0025646761059761047, 0.07099570333957672, 0.025104127824306488, 0.03159981220960617, -0.06953006237745285, 0.022735334932804108, -0.0465204119682312, -0.021042605862021446, -0.022588899359107018, 0.059397436678409576, -0.01804010570049286, 0.0788688063621521, 0.08170615136623383, 0.01508201565593481, -0.006942189298570156, -0.021705565974116325, 0.0736817941069603, 0.044850826263427734, 0.009786365553736687, -0.04905937239527702, -0.012710440903902054, 0.007688539568334818, 0.013192386366426945, 0.050089411437511444, 0.006797583308070898, 0.012188260443508625, 0.03584231808781624, -0.09385935962200165, 0.06658979505300522, -0.05077409744262695, 0.01888580434024334, 0.08370918780565262, -0.011629785411059856, 0.03431385010480881, 0.009592276066541672, 0.04486185312271118, 0.0487808994948864, 0.017463449388742447, -0.004873467143625021, -0.012216096743941307, 0.032787322998046875, -0.02846907079219818, -0.022394569590687752, -0.0800570696592331, -0.02419501729309559, -0.02700699493288994, 0.05283518135547638, 0.02861967496573925, 0.00308783445507288, 0.00863258633762598, -0.012807995080947876, -0.08475898951292038, -0.03854276239871979, -0.009503083303570747, 0.058530863374471664, -0.006961293052881956, -0.04906732216477394, -0.02759438008069992, -0.03196537494659424, 0.008876534178853035, -0.00755054596811533, 0.012040778063237667, 0.03480488434433937, 0.07716459780931473, 0.020498478785157204, 0.011171015910804272, 0.04106416925787926, -0.007352134678512812, 0.02179933339357376, -0.016082914546132088, -0.04267251491546631, -0.010362996719777584, 0.013523676432669163, -0.012680741026997566, -0.054013680666685104, -0.06150099262595177, -0.029609808698296547, -0.08402284234762192, 0.010417488403618336, -0.04034528136253357, -0.04474635422229767, -0.015996787697076797, -0.05165574699640274, 0.04516007751226425, -0.05308442562818527, -0.009993901476264, -0.10088025778532028, -0.004815943073481321, 0.024759510532021523, -0.010861123912036419, -0.03264879062771797, -0.02245522476732731, 0.057782966643571854, 0.03803117200732231, -0.00971580296754837, 0.05425181984901428, 0.014407101087272167, 0.0401911586523056, -0.012513404712080956, -0.01940484158694744, 0.03718708083033562, -0.02532307058572769, -0.01934593729674816, -0.051833607256412506, 0.03748425468802452, 0.043737925589084625, 0.02997501939535141, 0.0031871236860752106, -0.013108115643262863, -0.0390593521296978, 0.07845068722963333, -0.03332027420401573, -0.0197118129581213, 0.04257001355290413, 0.01936590112745762, 0.07203654944896698, 0.03854912146925926, -0.06907467544078827, -0.018274793401360512, 0.023104334250092506, -0.011545371264219284, 0.010874519124627113, -0.026546938344836235, 0.05693606287240982, -0.005448522511869669, 0.019737068563699722, 0.01527993194758892, 0.04891570284962654, 0.005421710200607777, 0.018942665308713913, -0.052413925528526306, -0.026837067678570747, -0.011336388066411018, -0.018888672813773155, 0.06094402074813843, -0.013900529593229294, 0.006137822289019823, -0.03745991736650467, -0.0008240601746365428, 0.06866227090358734, -0.04733002930879593, -0.04722240939736366, 0.020415011793375015, 0.028031915426254272, 0.026375634595751762, 0.022053208202123642, -0.026673533022403717, -0.029363349080085754, -0.022296082228422165, -0.021037569269537926, 0.008511717431247234, -0.0016498935874551535, 0.03804410621523857, -0.025858044624328613, -0.034830331802368164, 0.03053649328649044, 0.005465319845825434, 0.034173574298620224, -0.0566638819873333, 0.027043022215366364, 0.014983534812927246, -0.057170312851667404, -0.013810180127620697, 0.013764015398919582, -0.0053568328730762005, -0.0037141209468245506, -0.019693715497851372, -0.03261631727218628, 0.03232305124402046, -0.04694502800703049, -0.023800773546099663, 0.08798171579837799, -0.030426867306232452, 0.01085137203335762, -0.0515623539686203, -0.049800898879766464, 0.029906149953603745, -0.07147952169179916, -0.01834702119231224, 0.06038239970803261, -0.019429150968790054, 0.009555669501423836, 0.04195652902126312, 0.010379904881119728, -0.01745707541704178, -0.0455995611846447, -0.04526769369840622, 0.07609206438064575, -0.02851990982890129, -0.019379880279302597, -0.017987770959734917, 0.013530159369111061, 0.016122471541166306, 0.05986601114273071, 0.01891506090760231, 0.06873048096895218, 0.03804238140583038, -0.02683880552649498, 0.019116168841719627, 0.01608847826719284, -0.01829264685511589, -0.05970900133252144, 0.023420818150043488, -0.009691109880805016, -0.002042809734120965, -0.032793182879686356, -0.0770493596792221, -0.04592909291386604, -0.014568891376256943, -0.033972129225730896, -0.013409226201474667, -0.00941498950123787, 0.010830341838300228, 0.025118550285696983, -0.06768583506345749, 0.053722552955150604, -0.0001907191181089729, 0.007780519314110279, 0.019667482003569603, 0.00860061775892973, -0.02479303441941738, -0.010051465593278408, 0.03237052261829376, 0.0013646251754835248, -0.0022732496727257967, -0.03712565451860428, 0.044347383081912994, -0.027969572693109512, 0.036448992788791656, 0.015518337488174438, -0.02349226363003254, -0.04250699281692505, 0.029669376090168953, 0.003928221296519041, 0.036213040351867676, 0.008403989486396313, -0.04932845011353493, -0.011582957580685616, 0.006584286689758301, -0.04890512302517891, 0.05009095370769501, -0.007661254145205021, -0.05977006256580353, 0.01051320880651474, 0.0075201294384896755, -0.02080608904361725, 0.027216127142310143, -0.004041718319058418, -0.005520957987755537, 0.015072168782353401, -0.07833666354417801, -0.06812842190265656, -0.013780280016362667, 0.016525978222489357, -0.012122733518481255, -0.03731754794716835, 0.023475406691432, 0.020452870056033134, 0.004092778544872999, -0.02230539172887802, 0.03974093496799469, 0.04618325084447861, -0.028073478490114212, -0.015558206476271152, 0.01968858763575554, -0.011645065620541573, -0.027494102716445923, -0.043850675225257874, 0.0020624035969376564, 0.00477176858112216, -0.01640755869448185, -0.03028695099055767, 0.07614708691835403, 0.025499192997813225, 0.039012741297483444, -0.03458676487207413, 0.004611121024936438, -0.022427337244153023, 0.029082396999001503, -0.056773047894239426, 0.003364460775628686, 0.005839787423610687, -0.004984070546925068, 0.002374522853642702, -0.005657960195094347, 0.007907900027930737, 0.00686359778046608, -0.021578161045908928, -0.0037755249068140984, 0.00674060545861721, 0.0205520112067461, -0.020439786836504936, -0.04213595390319824, -0.00338154099881649, -0.050794001668691635, 0.042123861610889435, 0.04576511308550835, -0.03937866538763046, -0.0046495418064296246, -0.07322506606578827, 0.04878984019160271, 0.037708427757024765, 0.04883429780602455, 0.022161919623613358, -0.0025265179574489594, 0.022964216768741608, 0.013165026903152466, 0.0031611439771950245, 0.009202652610838413, -0.011449038982391357, 0.007308377884328365, -0.0021228124387562275, -0.029243502765893936, 0.026734067127108574, -0.04140125587582588, -0.06012614443898201, 0.019084075465798378, -0.01942082867026329, -0.03131852671504021, -0.00033135857665911317, -0.014687377959489822, 0.027071846649050713, -0.014453966170549393, 0.033440522849559784, -0.0639311820268631, -0.026081958785653114, 0.018149754032492638, 0.01164837647229433, -0.020497597754001617, 0.007549367379397154, 0.03136121481657028, 0.006962379440665245, -0.04972420632839203, 0.004552442580461502, -0.0026583883445709944, 0.01309641357511282, -0.0367225706577301, 0.020108357071876526, 0.05783966928720474, 0.011801333166658878, -0.03991512209177017, 0.0091404402628541, 0.03047453984618187, -0.012469013221561909, 0.04809475690126419, 0.03110375441610813, -0.04001474753022194, -0.013019576668739319, 0.034113988280296326, 0.029216155409812927, -0.025400681421160698, 0.006116216536611319, -0.008802237920463085, -0.015177206136286259, 0.042326558381319046, -0.014443443156778812, 0.015237103216350079, -0.032921791076660156, 0.022484730929136276 ]
<p>Depending on the theories, the center of our galaxy is a super massive black hole, this is easy to accept as a truth, but what I couldn't simply devour is how the solar system is orbiting around it while not getting absorbed to the inside ? It's simple to understand how earth orbits the sun, but the black hole is something more energetic and at most pulls everything to it's center. By looking to this image for example: <img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/MXn7W.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></p> <p>If we follow the bright lines it looks like everything is really going to the true center like a vortex. If you have any simple ways to enlighten me or any references to read I will be thankful, because sometimes I don't know what topic should I search for to find answers without posting questions like this one.</p> <p>And also, would our galaxy run out of stars since the black hole devours them fast while they take too long to reproduce ?</p>
g4568
[ 0.013883518986403942, 0.07043078541755676, 0.021213095635175705, 0.004835566971451044, 0.01869480311870575, 0.009056166745722294, 0.0264128390699625, 0.01663740538060665, 0.04487527906894684, -0.033652208745479584, 0.03675377368927002, -0.01697487197816372, 0.06438945978879929, 0.0025292448699474335, 0.059669338166713715, -0.052339717745780945, -0.014970032498240471, 0.005590478423982859, 0.019841086119413376, 0.014268319122493267, 0.018410904332995415, -0.04925528168678284, 0.050714053213596344, -0.05067155137658119, -0.09551043063402176, -0.0005782709340564907, 0.005831757560372353, 0.030969012528657913, -0.00935328658670187, -0.042932625859975815, 0.0142693892121315, -0.011264684610068798, -0.02692718245089054, -0.06492238491773605, 0.00938610453158617, 0.021622663363814354, 0.006163583602756262, -0.008334985002875328, 0.012569216080009937, 0.005414857529103756, -0.02074526622891426, -0.07431931048631668, 0.003808311652392149, -0.00644494267180562, -0.03567143902182579, -0.02942485921084881, 0.04963276535272598, -0.00032276284764520824, 0.009224934503436089, -0.04997197911143303, -0.01972353644669056, -0.0056764534674584866, 0.04244654253125191, 0.018225956708192825, 0.001491543254815042, 0.04944365471601486, 0.03910273686051369, -0.004054631106555462, -0.023482779040932655, 0.02138005942106247, -0.03272357955574989, 0.007828271016478539, 0.049775104969739914, 0.02345307171344757, -0.0015158046735450625, -0.026640422642230988, 0.0015266214031726122, 0.013656986877322197, -0.06895459443330765, -0.019314264878630638, 0.03535192087292671, 0.01561724953353405, -0.012698915787041187, -0.06370623409748077, -0.012016154825687408, 0.048712506890296936, -0.013634052127599716, 0.04681796208024025, 0.030409136787056923, -0.011747173964977264, -0.00977402925491333, -0.015968773514032364, -0.061455223709344864, -0.0015672565205022693, 0.1135065108537674, -0.0003946224460378289, -0.020803697407245636, -0.033136624842882156, -0.0014615020481869578, 0.021925369277596474, 0.0539499968290329, -0.01523821335285902, 0.06529948115348816, 0.01796076074242592, 0.015824224799871445, 0.009275705553591251, 0.0038450045976787806, 0.021074580028653145, -0.02251075766980648, 0.014977050945162773, -0.0514860600233078, 0.04210206866264343, -0.008466269820928574, -0.03661911189556122, 0.05036402866244316, -0.0000221775899262866, 0.01958548091351986, 0.05355782061815262, 0.025839298963546753, 0.04773604869842529, -0.0033226870000362396, -0.06860988587141037, -0.0013026901287958026, 0.0037432806566357613, -0.03102293238043785, -0.009861454367637634, 0.12895922362804413, 0.052647657692432404, 0.024595487862825394, 0.039715226739645004, 0.04669007658958435, 0.036350879818201065, 0.030976803973317146, 0.036562275141477585, 0.018769316375255585, -0.10090121626853943, 0.04776604101061821, -0.022264620289206505, -0.007966021075844765, 0.020317358896136284, -0.030479194596409798, -0.024179359897971153, -0.02161451056599617, 0.049894072115421295, 0.009989527054131031, 0.002144459169358015, -0.019738877192139626, -0.013770653866231441, -0.046308357268571854, 0.0068047852255403996, 0.006042954977601767, 0.0063375141471624374, 0.024545319378376007, 0.003710937686264515, -0.057828471064567566, 0.041812434792518616, -0.007758635096251965, -0.02853378839790821, 0.05555161088705063, -0.005104349460452795, 0.026185017079114914, 0.07308384031057358, -0.01253579556941986, -0.03635688126087189, 0.01050692331045866, -0.04053168743848801, 0.03563731536269188, -0.006838436704128981, -0.009271854534745216, -0.0003500648308545351, 0.0437973290681839, -0.04648572951555252, -0.001965445000678301, 0.023202085867524147, -0.02117590233683586, -0.015303613618016243, 0.0197187177836895, -0.09098260849714279, 0.04315151646733284, 0.03531050309538841, -0.029427366331219673, 0.004758132621645927, -0.030689282342791557, 0.07137229293584824, 0.009560111910104752, 0.02765544131398201, 0.05652884393930435, -0.0016059151384979486, -0.008374889381229877, 0.05562569946050644, -0.00028750489582307637, 0.015781624242663383, -0.019067171961069107, -0.017352662980556488, -0.002791209612041712, -0.02059074304997921, 0.008850558660924435, 0.04631456732749939, 0.02652944251894951, 0.02823086641728878, -0.010788082145154476, 0.016996227204799652, 0.10703576356172562, 0.06775244325399399, -0.015482083894312382, -0.0058967010118067265, 0.011951045133173466, -0.02550867386162281, -0.026823440566658974, 0.027319971472024918, -0.02238459698855877, -0.018938647583127022, -0.0024015961680561304, 0.035263266414403915, 0.031705085188150406, 0.014280632138252258, -0.038134876638650894, 0.016263339668512344, -0.0030472741927951574, 0.03467617556452751, 0.038625165820121765, 0.001823195954784751, -0.024423152208328247, 0.06782224029302597, -0.04498354718089104, 0.05192727595567703, -0.08908259868621826, 0.03698596730828285, 0.007039494812488556, 0.027139119803905487, -0.03135045990347862, -0.059203244745731354, -0.008151906542479992, -0.020404737442731857, -0.002729938831180334, 0.05318981781601906, -0.04242860525846481, -0.07447933405637741, 0.031060904264450073, 0.01696287840604782, -0.033817678689956665, -0.0010286641772836447, 0.03415459394454956, -0.00020819138444494456, 0.026525404304265976, 0.026066187769174576, 0.0017967522144317627, 0.018843358382582664, -0.031055500730872154, 0.025639547035098076, 0.004735253751277924, -0.018225789070129395, -0.013833240605890751, -0.04101848602294922, 0.05505910515785217, -0.01825040392577648, 0.026349028572440147, -0.026594573631882668, -0.06192826107144356, 0.0053151315078139305, 0.0297673549503088, -0.03616985306143761, -0.005616713315248489, -0.03553270548582077, -0.00968958344310522, -0.03266938775777817, 0.013932907953858376, 0.03291032835841179, -0.028910808265209198, -0.06497112661600113, -0.030471179634332657, 0.00178056419827044, 0.04051477834582329, 0.006530820392072201, -0.019726933911442757, -0.013033089227974415, -0.049176864326000214, -0.0166188832372427, 0.030425766482949257, 0.01702813431620598, -0.00944510567933321, 0.021010354161262512, 0.028418440371751785, 0.04263561964035034, -0.002113513881340623, 0.03585425391793251, -0.00744525995105505, 0.014397876337170601, 0.06167981028556824, 0.011358346790075302, 0.021321341395378113, 0.01518968679010868, -0.03449161723256111, 0.033558446913957596, 0.008414684794843197, -0.014344403520226479, -0.048798177391290665, 0.04359183460474014, -0.03651375323534012, -0.02796931192278862, 0.046640630811452866, -0.022710207849740982, 0.01944759115576744, 0.08700801432132721, -0.03423603996634483, 0.02841806970536709, 0.041138600558042526, -0.026243159547448158, -0.039581503719091415, 0.028562922030687332, 0.042924001812934875, 0.00004542015813058242, 0.023386768996715546, 0.0795440822839737, -0.02449941635131836, 0.0636569932103157, -0.004290561657398939, -0.031030192971229553, 0.02224106155335903, -0.05281767621636391, 0.0160079188644886, -0.008204644545912743, -0.01665220595896244, 0.07839573919773102, 0.000019579516447265632, 0.010203462094068527, -0.04798257723450661, -0.011856856755912304, 0.06035352870821953, 0.003166514215990901, -0.03354434296488762, 0.013024838641285896, -0.06278324872255325, 0.019086435437202454, 0.011689679697155952, 0.04512401297688484, -0.02793259732425213, -0.05966884642839432, -0.04957211762666702, 0.005945886950939894, -0.01969820261001587, -0.010915671475231647, -0.08760099858045578, 0.04709305986762047, -0.013736092485487461, -0.016010422259569168, -0.025967465713620186, 0.008028888143599033, 0.051777515560388565, -0.0007013828144408762, -0.046747881919145584, -0.012980681844055653, 0.005820726975798607, -0.0040985532104969025, -0.003278253134340048, -0.019204426556825638, 0.004261281341314316, -0.08405771106481552, 0.010102872736752033, -0.06925135850906372, 0.05859867110848427, -0.0037875899579375982, -0.021893752738833427, -0.004763473756611347, -0.04326043650507927, 0.023658357560634613, 0.043366577476263046, 0.007451371755450964, -0.0010757369454950094, 0.006120207253843546, 0.006739174481481314, -0.009076721966266632, 0.04742814972996712, 0.004669600166380405, 0.036198701709508896, -0.0027478463016450405, -0.002840987639501691, -0.052191514521837234, -0.008273664861917496, 0.018329765647649765, -0.027562811970710754, 0.02694210410118103, -0.010352239944040775, 0.0161131601780653, 0.03773238882422447, -0.06281321495771408, 0.049972712993621826, 0.05869940295815468, -0.006579046603292227, 0.005334979854524136, 0.039991892874240875, 0.001906800433062017, 0.0029376621823757887, -0.01891719363629818, -0.00879117101430893, 0.033024176955223083, 0.012100886553525925, -0.05343717336654663, -0.027455758303403854, -0.010429085232317448, 0.014829309657216072, -0.023085974156856537, 0.0406947135925293, -0.06746388226747513, 0.06204277276992798, -0.05794772505760193, -0.006359852850437164, 0.015072437934577465, -0.012143289670348167, -0.019228460267186165, 0.05731336027383804, 0.028315480798482895, 0.05659248307347298, -0.019233636558055878, 0.023707067593932152, 0.021423207595944405, -0.0018614184809848666, -0.03550170361995697, -0.03780920431017876, -0.023280315101146698, 0.06608352065086365, 0.010783717967569828, 0.05539017915725708, 0.010692707262933254, 0.08774647861719131, -0.005032889079302549, -0.006880868226289749, 0.018125277012586594, -0.018276803195476532, 0.004030815325677395, 0.050368666648864746, 0.021494902670383453, -0.04020591080188751, -0.009182635694742203, -0.021595798432826996, -0.0020612028893083334, -0.04582126811146736, 0.032506149262189865, -0.005238603334873915, 0.06263183802366257, 0.029932856559753418, -0.009760212153196335, 0.016273248940706253, 0.030192507430911064, -0.06415126472711563, 0.04225459322333336, -0.07255291193723679, 0.03610672429203987, -0.028700031340122223, 0.011720608919858932, 0.027275325730443, -0.02116643823683262, 0.004685260821133852, 0.00923676136881113, -0.00018980535969603807, 0.000568991235923022, 0.007573909591883421, 0.028173310682177544, -0.005943079013377428, -0.04416344687342644, -0.022900205105543137, 0.0069615705870091915, -0.04381472244858742, -0.01946393772959709, -0.05577418953180313, -0.0017541045090183616, -0.04586310684680939, 0.04901817813515663, -0.02871389500796795, 0.027202384546399117, -0.05174877122044563, -0.020652491599321365, 0.048951826989650726, 0.028283609077334404, 0.019098958000540733, -0.06135817989706993, -0.028059231117367744, -0.011638661846518517, 0.013685327023267746, 0.01584857515990734, -0.02590750902891159, 0.029712148010730743, 0.03357238322496414, 0.024630507454276085, -0.018678974360227585, 0.021268533542752266, -0.026077168062329292, -0.05622108280658722, 0.04313107952475548, -0.07472927868366241, -0.015283371321856976, -0.025069642812013626, 0.03716795891523361, 0.03087964653968811, 0.026673292741179466, 0.039844006299972534, -0.045586541295051575, -0.006657807156443596, -0.051324017345905304, 0.021643273532390594, -0.04937763512134552, -0.02528628148138523, -0.023880967870354652, -0.05052398145198822, -0.021458161994814873, -0.028716254979372025, -0.033602118492126465, -0.08630168437957764, 0.022379374131560326, -0.01574067957699299, -0.02401401847600937, 0.03981451690196991, -0.029361648485064507, 0.011916188523173332, 0.009862803854048252, 0.01843423955142498, 0.0219494067132473, -0.02055085077881813, -0.005296836141496897, 0.07537882030010223, -0.030716169625520706, 0.05121289938688278, -0.016351858153939247, -0.007797105237841606, 0.02850993722677231, -0.07679928094148636, 0.0012370465556159616, 0.01191413588821888, 0.07568297535181046, 0.026165466755628586, -0.049105204641819, 0.0077687837183475494, -0.0011990866623818874, 0.030229821801185608, 0.09319370239973068, 0.02004479616880417, -0.04151621460914612, 0.010593029670417309, 0.07480777055025101, -0.029993649572134018, 0.01847916468977928, -0.01873381994664669, 0.014723447151482105, 0.02342795953154564, 0.030449695885181427, -0.013549549505114555, 0.038746390491724014, -0.0029814697336405516, 0.08379808813333511, -0.058890920132398605, 0.007285345811396837, -0.02107253298163414, 0.002595206955447793, 0.04678931459784508, -0.03812506049871445, 0.020609112456440926, -0.05215275660157204, 0.01128064189106226, 0.022315040230751038, -0.030823608860373497, -0.08279839903116226, 0.05321343615651131, 0.020636335015296936, 0.033919431269168854, -0.07122558355331421, 0.0468977726995945, 0.016360195353627205, 0.010254431515932083, -0.049498483538627625, -0.07620622217655182, -0.04297109693288803, 0.011816401965916157, -0.018020909279584885, -0.019929993897676468, 0.052906155586242676, -0.009925048798322678, 0.007906446233391762, -0.0410124808549881, 0.04924285411834717, 0.004121521487832069, -0.017138756811618805, -0.03265027701854706, 0.025725768879055977, 0.047125332057476044, 0.05585714057087898, -0.022445790469646454, -0.017753414809703827, 0.03923540934920311, -0.031756430864334106, -0.05939248576760292, 0.07230678200721741, -0.07438431680202484, 0.0377226360142231, -0.07447871565818787, 0.06407947093248367, 0.036613598465919495, -0.01556293573230505, 0.07413194328546524, 0.022840045392513275, -0.009819299913942814, -0.008249275386333466, 0.019009172916412354, 0.024960530921816826, -0.018253518268465996, -0.05758396163582802, -0.029621953144669533, 0.010519306175410748, -0.04214028641581535, 0.01852303370833397, -0.05067393183708191, -0.031793706119060516, 0.024816378951072693, -0.012616054154932499, -0.042532555758953094, -0.001301336451433599, -0.05084777623414993, 0.03082461655139923, -0.03986886888742447, -0.0021671471185982227, 0.014426710084080696, 0.0603828988969326, 0.03060510940849781, -0.0002608134818729013, -0.02181011252105236, 0.005871667992323637, -0.021309996023774147, -0.031677912920713425, -0.0026726366486400366, 0.05632118508219719, 0.012604613788425922, -0.033453140407800674, 0.006617747247219086, -0.002556651597842574, -0.038633573800325394, 0.05445432662963867, 0.0419028177857399, -0.03494742512702942, 0.007370577659457922, 0.04416701942682266, 0.010803856886923313, 0.06969565898180008, 0.07879737764596939, -0.002606659894809127, 0.011891419999301434, 0.07108698785305023, 0.03570723533630371, -0.057008933275938034, 0.0042814575135707855, -0.032121337950229645, -0.0014482219703495502, -0.009038034826517105, -0.06126506254076958, -0.017138762399554253, 0.03546668961644173, -0.04756947606801987, 0.03225954994559288, -0.013217058964073658, -0.0428987517952919, -0.05431880056858063, -0.004052880685776472, 0.019737770780920982, -0.06818260997533798, -0.028200650587677956, -0.054603785276412964, -0.015637800097465515, -0.02307538129389286, -0.00553126260638237, -0.0012276245979592204, -0.0630037933588028, -0.08698579668998718, 0.021009210497140884, 0.002950813854113221, -0.05297490209341049, 0.008951771073043346, 0.0050349244847893715, -0.00297025078907609, 0.059171874076128006, -0.020986182615160942, -0.030693285167217255, -0.009717991575598717, -0.0035421960055828094, -0.05126788467168808, -0.06024888530373573, 0.0181709136813879, -0.07678022980690002, -0.03558872640132904, -0.052051011472940445, -0.017522642388939857, 0.008744756691157818, 0.06285182386636734, 0.014143376611173153, 0.015455704182386398, 0.023543706163764, 0.03032822348177433, -0.011956616304814816, -0.022098099812865257, -0.06766414642333984, -0.013130527921020985, -0.026440594345331192, -0.02693239413201809, -0.04568668454885483, 0.04036456346511841, -0.025944743305444717, 0.018323557451367378, -0.006691371090710163, -0.012178795412182808, -0.011811730451881886, 0.024139225482940674, -0.005436302628368139, -0.005228548776358366, 0.004448804073035717, 0.008666475303471088, 0.025179358199238777, -0.03994947671890259, 0.03972119837999344, 0.014625894837081432, -0.053496845066547394, -0.02523052878677845, -0.04705870524048805, 0.07945186644792557, 0.06175883114337921, 0.01566375605762005, -0.026529652997851372, -0.03775046765804291, -0.046070583164691925, -0.007237537298351526, 0.018410110846161842, 0.052935872226953506, -0.05987058952450752, -0.0106858154758811, -0.025877662003040314, 0.01664712466299534, 0.002643142594024539, -0.00597807765007019, -0.0006038681021891534, 0.019546207040548325, 0.038921814411878586, -0.03502899408340454, -0.010004048235714436, -0.04111857712268829, -0.010428903624415398, -0.013966514728963375, 0.01840946450829506, -0.030693156644701958, -0.01294222753494978, 0.0371110737323761, -0.04657996445894241, -0.05263589322566986, -0.03202042728662491, -0.029668595641851425, -0.007717529311776161, -0.054179705679416656, -0.03494328632950783, -0.05827515572309494, 0.006064793094992638, 0.0024121939204633236, -0.024523764848709106, 0.021293288096785545, 0.06462666392326355, -0.011101087555289268, 0.05511955916881561, -0.009751369245350361, -0.014776983298361301, -0.007440583314746618, -0.002003374742344022, -0.04427725076675415, -0.007138177286833525, -0.010231224820017815, -0.07008751481771469, 0.018582573160529137, -0.01956644281744957, -0.004134741611778736, -0.00822083093225956, -0.006359901279211044, 0.04231658950448036, -0.04646856710314751, -0.021683815866708755, 0.030916133895516396 ]
<p>Suppose I have plenty of food I want to heat (which will provide load) in the microwave, and one item I don't want to heat. What properties would make a material a a good shield, to reduce or prevent heating of that item? I know metal can work as a barrier in the form of a Faraday cage, but that there are also potential issues with arcing. Presumably some kind of smoothly flexible metal mesh would be a good candidate - what properties would it need to be effective? (For example, we might consider mesh spacing, wire diameter, and the choice of metal.)</p> <p><sub>(Note: this is based on <a href="http://cooking.stackexchange.com/q/33871/1672">this question</a>, which was recently migrated over to Seasoned Advice (food and cooking), but I think that it could really use physics expertise, so this is a rephrased version, addressing the complaints I saw leading to that question's migration.)</sub></p>
g4569
[ 0.05462140589952469, 0.027799442410469055, 0.026615247130393982, -0.007626446429640055, 0.00839309487491846, -0.015054055489599705, -0.026039008051156998, 0.008396629244089127, -0.0377650186419487, -0.048595454543828964, 0.043396513909101486, 0.04699644073843956, -0.03740283101797104, 0.04301552474498749, 0.029955081641674042, 0.008656498976051807, 0.0243427325040102, 0.027044016867876053, 0.028366753831505775, 0.07520491629838943, -0.01759996823966503, -0.017580941319465637, -0.023476390168070793, -0.005247053224593401, -0.04344513639807701, 0.008060706779360771, 0.03490353375673294, 0.027294913306832314, 0.0012639636406674981, -0.018069999292492867, -0.03506315499544144, -0.055810779333114624, -0.023592086508870125, -0.049144163727760315, -0.053176503628492355, 0.020968789234757423, -0.003815221833065152, 0.009826980531215668, -0.06320882588624954, -0.011988397687673569, 0.0111272307112813, 0.016043847426772118, 0.011037050746381283, 0.0343136228621006, 0.050167765468358994, 0.07316523045301437, -0.040113624185323715, 0.01348953414708376, 0.028002433478832245, -0.02709820866584778, -0.0066290744580328465, -0.04070939123630524, 0.02512548118829727, -0.09623662382364273, -0.005708395969122648, -0.06846005469560623, -0.039335984736680984, 0.013841137290000916, 0.04504481330513954, -0.02972196787595749, -0.009645659476518631, 0.05647712200880051, -0.08116143196821213, -0.050463560968637466, -0.0053960164077579975, 0.024398865178227425, -0.06408723443746567, 0.003751652082428336, 0.016837652772665024, 0.05649251863360405, 0.01001000590622425, 0.03721777722239494, -0.0018655994208529592, -0.02211015671491623, 0.036601051688194275, 0.002750278217718005, -0.07272855192422867, 0.04571273922920227, 0.04151453822851181, -0.013971051201224327, -0.009037555195391178, 0.03155539184808731, -0.021662099286913872, -0.014155757613480091, -0.005192853044718504, 0.0020458754152059555, -0.009072946384549141, -0.042140208184719086, -0.02188309095799923, 0.0013480931520462036, -0.02560892514884472, 0.015396656468510628, 0.05437129735946655, 0.002921886509284377, 0.0332767628133297, 0.08382383733987808, -0.014828497543931007, -0.020511209964752197, -0.034738946706056595, -0.021374911069869995, 0.08466064929962158, -0.035138119012117386, 0.058599360287189484, -0.0003824887389782816, -0.0455951951444149, 0.01833033747971058, 0.039096906781196594, 0.055801428854465485, -0.0020902010146528482, 0.025693707168102264, -0.03752952441573143, 0.000585583271458745, -0.08871354907751083, -0.02587917260825634, 0.016127809882164, 0.011249544098973274, 0.08492665737867355, 0.03855406120419502, 0.04631685093045235, 0.04797365516424179, 0.01762959361076355, 0.02381402626633644, 0.03335554525256157, 0.025227949023246765, -0.00935834925621748, 0.0031622201204299927, 0.0028084623627364635, 0.011765848845243454, 0.020196087658405304, -0.013214746490120888, 0.004764783661812544, -0.005735210608690977, -0.038302917033433914, 0.03185517340898514, -0.02725299820303917, 0.014540743082761765, -0.004577346611768007, -0.012431184761226177, 0.0051427544094622135, -0.019991764798760414, 0.04487786814570427, -0.03837805241346359, 0.009392250329256058, -0.0366659089922905, -0.006914109457284212, 0.02737722359597683, -0.036869119852781296, 0.015893561765551567, 0.02333351969718933, 0.011283669620752335, 0.01864703558385372, 0.07312022894620895, -0.018476102501153946, -0.015310528688132763, -0.00795146357268095, -0.026063883677124977, 0.05174792930483818, -0.034407924860715866, 0.09109020978212357, 0.013411241583526134, 0.05039791762828827, 0.0402764230966568, -0.017070140689611435, -0.03913705423474312, -0.018864599987864494, 0.04255867749452591, -0.0298153143376112, 0.008008433505892754, 0.03330015763640404, -0.0019801899325102568, -0.004565607290714979, -0.023564845323562622, -0.027628479525446892, 0.057695530354976654, -0.03347953408956528, -0.03192787244915962, 0.08756718784570694, -0.012426072731614113, 0.04331059008836746, -0.06793511658906937, -0.017061738297343254, -0.050628796219825745, 0.07827429473400116, 0.01966020278632641, -0.04725363105535507, 0.0245272908359766, 0.06277509778738022, -0.004487867932766676, -0.06683836877346039, 0.05679449811577797, -0.012198631651699543, -0.032076284289360046, -0.0031929947435855865, 0.0040586101822555065, -0.0011591961374506354, -0.0232984758913517, 0.031478285789489746, 0.035974591970443726, 0.00263597397133708, -0.04733939841389656, -0.000817230436950922, -0.007601152174174786, 0.043733078986406326, 0.056715697050094604, -0.01772025227546692, 0.011598465964198112, 0.0005475320504046977, -0.014465440064668655, 0.011872085742652416, -0.06581052392721176, 0.057139959186315536, 0.04040611535310745, -0.0028143974486738443, -0.0236723143607378, 0.0650925412774086, 0.050738219171762466, -0.04625771939754486, 0.007650638930499554, -0.036435529589653015, 0.014054342173039913, 0.01156332716345787, -0.03770747035741806, 0.0069979592226445675, -0.01132106501609087, -0.00021143084450159222, -0.02438153140246868, 0.01155246701091528, -0.013277932070195675, -0.03885282203555107, 0.011527931317687035, -0.05123068764805794, -0.03686722740530968, 0.040966279804706573, -0.044400498270988464, 0.01782180368900299, 0.00031142073567025363, 0.03177984431385994, 0.018690789118409157, -0.048029668629169464, -0.030763741582632065, 0.03020010143518448, -0.02898435667157173, 0.000017775859305402264, -0.04706389829516411, 0.05996431037783623, -0.05667053535580635, -0.010885246098041534, 0.009158061817288399, 0.060669127851724625, -0.003618768183514476, 0.022484706714749336, -0.03083060309290886, -0.06047465279698372, 0.03678898513317108, -0.04919307306408882, -0.036530498415231705, 0.016279609873890877, 0.001122439163736999, 0.011898176744580269, 0.0086012352257967, -0.0013442635536193848, -0.09816242009401321, 0.011446741409599781, 0.004885443951934576, -0.050804704427719116, -0.03672439604997635, -0.069826640188694, 0.0009068147046491504, 0.03605912625789642, 0.045703399926424026, -0.01842312701046467, -0.0052711027674376965, 0.03636447340250015, 0.01751919463276863, -0.0018468346679583192, -0.04989442601799965, 0.02973250113427639, -0.026841748505830765, 0.050297293812036514, 0.0189284048974514, 0.026118049398064613, -0.007955058477818966, -0.007358103059232235, 0.03134044632315636, 0.01965312846004963, 0.02410712279379368, -0.026764031499624252, 0.047880809754133224, -0.004812759812921286, 0.01694377139210701, -0.0514705590903759, 0.0007717734551988542, 0.016842877492308617, 0.024799125269055367, -0.034296873956918716, -0.02318277768790722, -0.006650786381214857, 0.012967483140528202, -0.008777746930718422, -0.08101261407136917, -0.04092736914753914, 0.01353493519127369, -0.05707646533846855, -0.04486836493015289, -0.006171782035380602, 0.03714510798454285, -0.034465283155441284, -0.03766370564699173, 0.0587196908891201, -0.0034173806197941303, 0.028195498511195183, 0.005907779559493065, 0.02812327817082405, 0.010399449616670609, -0.05134081095457077, 0.00863663386553526, -0.00499045941978693, -0.018796324729919434, 0.030844125896692276, 0.03142434358596802, 0.016267171129584312, 0.017317986115813255, 0.0051535931415855885, -0.08677097409963608, 0.006455986760556698, 0.06469950824975967, 0.0345940887928009, -0.024051522836089134, -0.01487504132091999, -0.01668539084494114, 0.029786832630634308, -0.009692723862826824, -0.019870329648256302, -0.04393966495990753, -0.0780356153845787, 0.03667062520980835, -0.015499083325266838, 0.018332453444600105, 0.02921832911670208, 0.011182857677340508, -0.012923258356750011, -0.06325386464595795, 0.022795971482992172, -0.0547930970788002, 0.008345598354935646, 0.03472820296883583, -0.0026643825694918633, -0.013631857000291348, -0.015788476914167404, -0.022263983264565468, 0.03031851351261139, 0.04278991371393204, 0.022002391517162323, 0.0014153843512758613, -0.0065451133996248245, 0.031773969531059265, 0.03272617608308792, -0.008940950967371464, 0.017911028116941452, 0.024464089423418045, -0.03886495903134346, -0.047683198004961014, -0.039162714034318924, -0.07997947186231613, 0.024743417277932167, 0.03550740331411362, 0.0367804616689682, 0.0543951615691185, 0.0014819290954619646, -0.006762841250747442, 0.013363276608288288, -0.038247112184762955, -0.03491993620991707, -0.008580612950026989, 0.04467775300145149, 0.049193356186151505, -0.019630249589681625, 0.003187946043908596, -0.02078077383339405, -0.041189298033714294, -0.05956392362713814, -0.0008759018965065479, -0.01971156895160675, 0.0010576533386483788, -0.012021909467875957, 0.0027237716130912304, 0.061353765428066254, 0.04740634933114052, -0.036341216415166855, -0.06583574414253235, 0.0013369345106184483, -0.04634838551282883, -0.012673621065914631, 0.006376467179507017, 0.020941514521837234, -0.03142878785729408, -0.02310056798160076, -0.05241858959197998, 0.0025723509024828672, 0.031607866287231445, 0.06292308866977692, 0.07758449018001556, -0.02975824475288391, -0.00645696185529232, 0.0037460923194885254, -0.05983630195260048, 0.07386140525341034, -0.024643225595355034, -0.023297853767871857, -0.05977838113903999, -0.006222487427294254, -0.07468073070049286, -0.020690811797976494, -0.020256120711565018, 0.005823735147714615, -0.055624764412641525, -0.01776379905641079, -0.010425835847854614, 0.02007986791431904, -0.022409195080399513, -0.03812851384282112, 0.029897496104240417, 0.0021593321580439806, 0.023440567776560783, -0.00467079458758235, 0.05833350494503975, 0.017466746270656586, -0.04685843735933304, -0.0004828458768315613, 0.02372305653989315, 0.005311089567840099, 0.012055442668497562, -0.0811939612030983, -0.05624945089221001, 0.05623947083950043, -0.003953143022954464, -0.0685022845864296, -0.04263102635741234, -0.050639912486076355, 0.035123955458402634, -0.021039558574557304, 0.010227182880043983, 0.01635843515396118, -0.029362786561250687, -0.023851076140999794, 0.022100234404206276, -0.04155070707201958, 0.02737397886812687, -0.01813923940062523, 0.022052790969610214, 0.00822378695011139, -0.048113226890563965, -0.025746379047632217, -0.046652283519506454, -0.04313318431377411, -0.006733056623488665, -0.008972615003585815, -0.013311267830431461, 0.11472437530755997, 0.004482517018914223, -0.056304339319467545, -0.002390920417383313, -0.05153791606426239, 0.005374799948185682, 0.013514328747987747, -0.012632985599339008, 0.039423443377017975, 0.00021520399604924023, 0.012744552455842495, 0.06838136911392212, 0.0002481756964698434, 0.05202643945813179, -0.009942889213562012, 0.008992902934551239, 0.019949838519096375, 0.01602931320667267, -0.019450347870588303, -0.02254432626068592, -0.03395915776491165, -0.026521049439907074, -0.02192840538918972, 0.07462453097105026, 0.01910077966749668, 0.02851501666009426, 0.025077039375901222, -0.03516959026455879, -0.010616851970553398, 0.06019320711493492, 0.021697938442230225, -0.0025394707918167114, 0.019520344212651253, 0.004401123616844416, 0.02943073958158493, 0.02675088495016098, -0.0010707275941967964, 0.010137662291526794, 0.0740881860256195, -0.038403209298849106, -0.053085144609212875, 0.017246698960661888, 0.0013996288180351257, -0.019625525921583176, -0.014294520951807499, -0.010681455954909325, -0.01559029333293438, 0.004828887991607189, 0.045765120536088943, -0.04730282351374626, 0.04996649920940399, -0.03634921833872795, -0.0014913111226633191, -0.01298525184392929, -0.03499766066670418, -0.04965470731258392, 0.018546313047409058, 0.003902353113517165, -0.002581386361271143, -0.07649601995944977, -0.021724972873926163, -0.042445339262485504, -0.027519552037119865, 0.00995152723044157, 0.0028649228624999523, 0.03450675681233406, 0.018540391698479652, -0.016911569982767105, -0.013184970244765282, 0.0035592638887465, -0.031001821160316467, 0.055895544588565826, 0.04441600665450096, 0.00991721823811531, -0.024165291339159012, -0.013069992884993553, -0.040099743753671646, 0.049593571573495865, 0.013610859401524067, 0.032569222152233124, 0.030080394819378853, 0.005860805511474609, -0.03310375288128853, -0.02035108208656311, 0.05955061316490173, 0.04391525685787201, 0.0022253557108342648, -0.03603454306721687, -0.000022238808014662936, 0.05121955648064613, 0.029743753373622894, 0.03036533296108246, 0.017270555719733238, -0.003076833439990878, 0.05147620663046837, -0.05373146012425423, 0.07450242340564728, 0.0890069305896759, 0.04544096067547798, 0.010511568747460842, 0.05733710154891014, -0.035542771220207214, 0.013767548836767673, 0.01394953578710556, 0.018955891951918602, 0.00913326907902956, 0.024980710819363594, -0.03582175076007843, -0.05529071390628815, -0.019553545862436295, 0.04750461503863335, 0.03607017174363136, 0.0044022053480148315, -0.017870696261525154, 0.0020211415830999613, -0.005275885108858347, -0.03261799365282059, 0.00928238034248352, -0.0653170719742775, -0.027863454073667526, -0.013321524485945702, 0.01350472867488861, 0.01484654750674963, 0.047057028859853745, 0.013898112811148167, -0.019588224589824677, -0.02849424071609974, 0.02462352253496647, -0.01532745361328125, -0.010805627331137657, 0.007169707212597132, -0.05316173657774925, 0.031553976237773895, -0.005346100311726332, 0.03417833149433136, 0.07508029788732529, 0.046018335968256, -0.02096681483089924, 0.00871532503515482, 0.007265271618962288, 0.012860908173024654, 0.0807504653930664, 0.04087240993976593, -0.062042172998189926, -0.003919730428606272, -0.05507846921682358, 0.02207096852362156, 0.07955767214298248, 0.07858215272426605, -0.005222741514444351, 0.0065074278973042965, -0.006475004833191633, 0.03059961460530758, 0.004862585570663214, 0.0350111685693264, 0.0044336202554404736, 0.0014375759055837989, -0.013093954883515835, -0.027875786647200584, -0.028007248416543007, -0.04471396654844284, 0.035949207842350006, -0.012335021048784256, -0.012838112190365791, -0.03523030877113342, -0.005198993254452944, -0.016616372391581535, -0.005538080353289843, -0.02698301151394844, 0.03483359143137932, 0.05497501790523529, -0.04605494439601898, -0.020913511514663696, -0.008559473790228367, 0.04538819566369057, -0.026198919862508774, -0.03348810225725174, 0.020082896575331688, 0.000007885013474151492, 0.0283108651638031, -0.02226812206208706, 0.016506005078554153, -0.064209945499897, 0.012300532311201096, 0.06010745093226433, 0.10268286615610123, -0.02800413779914379, 0.013520929962396622, -0.02303982339799404, 0.016098039224743843, -0.039185430854558945, 0.0028743857983499765, -0.06078140437602997, 0.007246390450745821, -0.07335012406110764, -0.004533896688371897, 0.006160525605082512, -0.025950249284505844, -0.03926306217908859, 0.009112880565226078, 0.03631671518087387, -0.004371775779873133, 0.012876459397375584, -0.03801900893449783, 0.05417313054203987, -0.0484468936920166, -0.02753707766532898, 0.034876566380262375, -0.02477455511689186, -0.021440986543893814, -0.027722854167222977, -0.03202027454972267, 0.003887222381308675, -0.014412290416657925, 0.005366733763366938, -0.019588565453886986, 0.028282707557082176, -0.034065306186676025, -0.031818509101867676, -0.03736386075615883, 0.005508736241608858, -0.015303459949791431, -0.058527372777462006, 0.030815718695521355, 0.04036913067102432, -0.03264749050140381, 0.011788493022322655, 0.014725943095982075, 0.0026791878044605255, 0.05932098627090454, 0.0256004948168993, 0.013921273872256279, -0.006814708933234215, 0.034491900354623795, 0.01249011978507042, 0.02904606983065605, -0.025928635150194168, 0.012110375799238682, 0.04673835262656212, 0.005028643645346165, 0.012649263255298138, -0.015984678640961647, -0.00021102902246639132, 0.01915222965180874, 0.009833136573433876, -0.027214184403419495, 0.06256148964166641, 0.09167535603046417, -0.01145901158452034, 0.027089936658740044, -0.054787781089544296, -0.009405743330717087, 0.07548590749502182, 0.07509106397628784, 0.033678069710731506, 0.018433766439557076, 0.007631485350430012, -0.0033857920207083225, -0.09168919920921326, 0.03757292404770851, 0.010174312628805637, 0.0024135129060596228, -0.009669279679656029, 0.013708874583244324, 0.031693652272224426, -0.01863042637705803, 0.026402214542031288, -0.024459686130285263, 0.005269069690257311, -0.005866379477083683, 0.0024183066561818123, 0.023992428556084633, 0.05046173557639122, -0.026863928884267807, -0.013777842745184898, 0.019217096269130707, -0.02912481687963009, -0.06821180880069733, 0.039396077394485474, -0.003531750990077853, 0.020162386819720268, 0.06522378325462341, 0.07119560241699219, 0.054029680788517, -0.062105048447847366, -0.07543383538722992, -0.011446744203567505, 0.0017729675164446235, -0.05418654903769493, 0.04743590205907822, 0.002772210631519556, -0.035021815448999405, -0.09288300573825836, -0.05721447244286537, -0.0934615507721901, -0.04750419780611992, -0.014809021726250648, -0.030415192246437073, -0.07889623939990997, -0.03642474487423897, 0.03616594150662422, -0.0022062682546675205, 0.028443876653909683, -0.02311187982559204, 0.007077536080032587, 0.032430101186037064, -0.01678064465522766, -0.0043953657150268555, 0.010364804416894913, -0.07627522945404053 ]
<p>I'm trying to introduce myself to QFT following <a href="http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/tong/qft.html" rel="nofollow">these lectures</a> by David Tong. I've started with lecture 1 (Classical Field Theory) and I'm trying to prove that under an infinitesimal Lorentz transformation of the form</p> <p>$$\tag{1.49} {\Lambda^\mu}_\nu={\delta^\mu}_\nu+{\omega^\mu}_\nu,$$</p> <p>where $\omega$ is antisymmetric, the variation of the Lagrangian density $\mathcal{L}$ is</p> <p>$$\tag{1.53} \delta\mathcal{L}=-\partial_\mu({\omega^\mu}_\nu{x}^\nu\mathcal{L}).$$</p> <p>Using $\mathcal{L}=\mathcal{L}(\phi,\partial_\mu\phi)$, I've tried computing $\delta\mathcal{L}$ directly using</p> <p>$$\tag{1.52} \delta\phi=-{\omega^\mu}_\nu{x}^\nu\partial_\mu\phi$$</p> <p>[which I obtained earlier computing explicitly $\phi(x)\to\phi(\Lambda^{-1}x)$], however, I get $$\delta\mathcal{L}=-\partial_\mu({\omega^\mu}_\nu{x}^\nu\mathcal{L})-\frac{\partial\mathcal{L}}{\partial(\partial_\mu\phi)}{\omega^\sigma}_\mu\partial_\sigma\phi$$ The extra term arises when I compute $$\partial_\mu(\delta\phi)=-{\omega^\sigma}_\nu\left[{\delta^\nu}_\mu\partial_\sigma\phi+x^\nu\partial_{\mu\sigma}\phi\right]=-{\omega^\sigma}_\mu\partial_{\sigma}\phi-{\omega^\sigma}_\nu{x}^\nu\partial_{\mu\sigma}\phi$$</p> <p>[because I'm assuming $\partial_\mu(\delta\phi)=\delta(\partial_\mu\phi)$]; I thought I'd get rid of it just replacing $\phi$ with $\partial_\sigma\phi$ in $(1.52)$, however $\partial_\mu(\delta\phi)=\delta(\partial_\mu\phi)$ should still hold, ain't it? I also tried using (the previous expression to) 1.27 in the lectures, namely that the derivatives of the field transform as</p> <p>$$\tag{1.26b} \partial_\mu\phi(x)\to{(\Lambda^{-1})^\nu}_\mu\partial_\nu\phi(\Lambda^{-1}x),$$</p> <p>but I still get (to the first order in $\omega$),</p> <p>\begin{align}{(\Lambda^{-1})^\nu}_\mu\partial_\nu\phi(\Lambda^{-1}x)&amp;=({\delta^\nu}_\mu-{\omega^\nu}_\mu)\partial_\nu\phi(x^\sigma-{\omega^\sigma}_\rho{x}^\rho)\\&amp;=({\delta^\nu}_\mu-{\omega^\nu}_\mu)\left[\partial_\nu\phi(x)-{\omega^\sigma}_\rho{x}^\rho\partial_{\sigma\nu}\phi(x)\right]\\&amp;=\partial_\mu\phi-{\omega^\sigma}_\rho{x}^\rho\partial_{\sigma\mu}\phi-{\omega^\nu}_\mu\partial_\nu\phi\end{align} </p> <p>I'm resisting the idea that ${\omega^\nu}_\mu\partial_\nu\phi=0$, but I don't understand what I'm doing wrong.</p>
g4570
[ 0.04084538668394089, -0.012927178293466568, -0.013204035349190235, -0.06116707995533943, 0.02959783747792244, -0.009186120703816414, 0.033523079007864, 0.012106815353035927, -0.030693521723151207, -0.04398193582892418, -0.03902026265859604, 0.07178738713264465, -0.002429269254207611, 0.04197605699300766, 0.03430929780006409, 0.04443718120455742, 0.019547060132026672, -0.00022906977392267436, 0.0187112707644701, -0.06081203371286392, -0.0662454217672348, 0.05073046684265137, 0.050835903733968735, -0.05361507833003998, 0.038766756653785706, -0.02081421948969364, -0.004508296027779579, 0.031485773622989655, -0.04868585243821144, -0.001317875343374908, -0.027400271967053413, 0.01055760309100151, 0.0013639412354677916, 0.007069379556924105, -0.014493212103843689, -0.009918026626110077, 0.0430874228477478, 0.024283040314912796, 0.04428201541304588, 0.0024461273569613695, 0.0049476842395961285, -0.010193121619522572, 0.05580383166670799, 0.03971630707383156, -0.03500402346253395, -0.02188786119222641, -0.06140488013625145, 0.012483805418014526, -0.04999374598264694, 0.06263615936040878, 0.009433580562472343, 0.05030706524848938, 0.052800312638282776, -0.059227559715509415, -0.04893684387207031, 0.003063302021473646, 0.03759673237800598, -0.044471804052591324, 0.023203914985060692, 0.01833127997815609, 0.011920304037630558, -0.0543300099670887, 0.002872176468372345, -0.03800908476114273, 0.02118713967502117, -0.005248309578746557, 0.016908474266529083, -0.02186201512813568, -0.05062185972929001, 0.0050895982421934605, -0.022234471514821053, -0.014593666419386864, 0.0198113564401865, 0.005037736613303423, 0.00654230173677206, 0.018482755869627, -0.03659787029027939, 0.020510058850049973, 0.031924132257699966, -0.03237292915582657, -0.039486147463321686, -0.037446435540914536, -0.021463515236973763, 0.03295771777629852, 0.049507733434438705, -0.01661042682826519, -0.014966455288231373, 0.014450183138251305, 0.01997283287346363, 0.004341815132647753, -0.03572845831513405, -0.017926158383488655, -0.007965117692947388, -0.049422409385442734, 0.004859196953475475, -0.021752674132585526, 0.0059808529913425446, 0.014417996630072594, -0.022846076637506485, -0.049025557935237885, -0.0025867456570267677, 0.08054759353399277, 0.013222482986748219, 0.06705141067504883, -0.035013340413570404, 0.040764037519693375, 0.03768393397331238, -0.0022744631860405207, -0.009107597172260284, 0.037063635885715485, -0.04606519266963005, 0.017123199999332428, 0.04403921589255333, -0.03684591129422188, -0.028221070766448975, -0.025437526404857635, -0.0065676430240273476, 0.0014791380381211638, -0.002805344993248582, 0.0635635256767273, -0.0035863476805388927, -0.03505479544401169, 0.10511825978755951, 0.025770798325538635, 0.02661595493555069, -0.013626880012452602, -0.01062716729938984, 0.025848310440778732, 0.05016494542360306, -0.031983632594347, 0.02699749730527401, 0.038250893354415894, -0.006464426405727863, 0.01907980814576149, -0.005095951724797487, 0.018055999651551247, -0.0266822911798954, 0.03020785190165043, 0.0014283446362242103, 0.011903826147317886, 0.012428674846887589, -0.013588915579020977, -0.03259808197617531, -0.02496829256415367, 0.03269731253385544, 0.024261340498924255, 0.029959063977003098, -0.0971345603466034, -0.03164136782288551, -0.038523636758327484, -0.017032833769917488, 0.06695587188005447, 0.009307639673352242, 0.091715008020401, 0.015509063377976418, 0.006223536562174559, 0.06438768655061722, -0.037849873304367065, -0.008830697275698185, -0.027962520718574524, 0.027721941471099854, -0.00894198752939701, 0.0323692224919796, -0.06721906363964081, 0.012110214680433273, 0.029362162575125694, 0.04206182435154915, -0.04972173273563385, -0.045552484691143036, -0.039430879056453705, -0.019557498395442963, -0.011802325956523418, 0.02722114883363247, -0.0014183031162247062, 0.01784389838576317, 0.0258956216275692, -0.02383682318031788, -0.00949417520314455, 0.00496981805190444, 0.015713879838585854, -0.03570740297436714, -0.026267508044838905, -0.010395883582532406, 0.0040915245190262794, 0.01044307742267847, -0.021855400875210762, -0.007013339549303055, 0.005034645088016987, -0.008192385546863079, 0.021036427468061447, -0.06079339236021042, 0.018874645233154297, -0.028667999431490898, 0.01617804542183876, 0.00702700624242425, 0.04295630753040314, 0.03222713619470596, -0.09215125441551208, -0.07531167566776276, -0.02851105108857155, -0.02338334545493126, 0.018231108784675598, 0.05230603367090225, -0.012732229195535183, 0.014615464024245739, -0.008837149478495121, -0.018333904445171356, -0.02241295576095581, -0.004297219682484865, -0.018469534814357758, 0.0007296764524653554, -0.09212843328714371, -0.02234233170747757, 0.007152642589062452, -0.01665305718779564, -0.011435097083449364, 0.019736088812351227, 0.0037857741117477417, -0.043008528649806976, 0.07834793627262115, 0.013057361356914043, -0.00020285957725718617, 0.06357797235250473, 0.0020679370500147343, -0.06601204723119736, 0.03779936581850052, 0.05293784290552139, 0.015189353376626968, -0.014767090789973736, 0.009182673878967762, -0.04288662597537041, 0.03643353655934334, 0.0011182855814695358, 0.010406535118818283, -0.007240588776767254, -0.008641050197184086, -0.05497613921761513, 0.02664191462099552, 0.006949826143682003, 0.053749892860651016, 0.05620007589459419, 0.04683779552578926, -0.025641974061727524, 0.0034838945139199495, 0.023734712973237038, -0.0476699061691761, 0.052137717604637146, 0.06398464739322662, -0.0017980833072215319, 0.005780278705060482, 0.0017996709793806076, -0.01719500683248043, 0.022572044283151627, -0.006364009343087673, 0.03218074142932892, 0.0023349919356405735, -0.032014694064855576, -0.022108756005764008, 0.036955997347831726, -0.03267321735620499, -0.010934202931821346, -0.007191207259893417, -0.0028249025344848633, 0.005000598728656769, -0.05591081827878952, 0.0015577046433463693, -0.02411905862390995, 0.03398820757865906, -0.01685284823179245, -0.0014956771628931165, 0.0032489753793925047, 0.07487045973539352, 0.06030014902353287, 0.05231991410255432, -0.007519426289945841, 0.018496284261345863, -0.05393274500966072, -0.018807996064424515, 0.028862066566944122, 0.021763445809483528, 0.06409244239330292, -0.0005367062985897064, 0.023370491340756416, 0.07195952534675598, 0.0054123420268297195, -0.06846339255571365, 0.008501730859279633, 0.019022833555936813, -0.03042810969054699, 0.023275507614016533, 0.0015717544592916965, 0.03225983306765556, 0.016915297135710716, -0.025167087092995644, -0.02243896760046482, 0.04314322769641876, -0.011847982183098793, -0.08461948484182358, -0.019730761647224426, 0.022668126970529556, -0.006918051745742559, 0.010791188105940819, 0.01637125387787819, 0.04702163487672806, 0.06147228181362152, 0.006789581384509802, -0.04473712295293808, 0.003113432787358761, 0.012208913452923298, -0.00732405437156558, 0.02310827560722828, -0.024087734520435333, 0.019550075754523277, -0.10395234078168869, -0.04163464158773422, -0.03368910402059555, 0.04450798034667969, 0.008930757641792297, 0.0032955387141555548, 0.006937447004020214, -0.012955371290445328, -0.08537942171096802, -0.02313338778913021, 0.0024239718914031982, 0.05776384472846985, 0.015702124685049057, -0.04511192440986633, 0.002339289290830493, -0.04881243035197258, -0.048994217067956924, 0.025302009657025337, 0.014367136172950268, -0.005129956174641848, -0.030288558453321457, -0.07316618412733078, 0.0067287590354681015, -0.0832572802901268, 0.004902826156467199, 0.010387285612523556, -0.011708507314324379, -0.07688500732183456, -0.020240819081664085, -0.02473551593720913, 0.028667978942394257, 0.03539438173174858, -0.054017577320337296, 0.022241821512579918, 0.025013351812958717, 0.019210990518331528, 0.030280131846666336, -0.025732090696692467, -0.011802781373262405, 0.015134298242628574, -0.0006118247983977199, 0.006538851652294397, 0.037329815328121185, 0.051223624497652054, 0.010398351587355137, 0.07098019868135452, -0.021657289937138557, 0.0342475064098835, -0.04519530013203621, -0.04915419593453407, 0.01656290329992771, -0.015387151390314102, 0.03231904283165932, 0.022678285837173462, -0.022099904716014862, -0.04705425724387169, 0.036217499524354935, 0.07235533744096756, -0.026461509987711906, 0.02787824533879757, 0.04497789219021797, -0.025243597105145454, -0.07447676360607147, 0.012382682412862778, 0.03964890167117119, -0.026084721088409424, 0.059184730052948, -0.0075671779923141, 0.02508062683045864, -0.006156047806143761, -0.0017037318320944905, 0.004791999235749245, 0.033242374658584595, -0.011076981201767921, -0.0004939470090903342, 0.020397059619426727, 0.02461799420416355, -0.008573997765779495, -0.0030001183040440083, 0.000568361661862582, -0.0027877422980964184, -0.013792402110993862, -0.03343401476740837, 0.04569967836141586, 0.007067536003887653, -0.055323753505945206, -0.0026554458308964968, -0.050667256116867065, 0.0156873632222414, -0.009871997870504856, -0.03419565409421921, -0.020355168730020523, -0.011716860346496105, 0.04410777986049652, 0.0005618292489089072, 0.053004637360572815, -0.03940318524837494, -0.016360685229301453, -0.026280460879206657, 0.02671511471271515, -0.04739193618297577, 0.017979193478822708, 0.014413570053875446, 0.02138572558760643, -0.0812198743224144, -0.039408739656209946, -0.02420555241405964, -0.001874734996818006, 0.03477850556373596, -0.009634153917431831, -0.013496911153197289, 0.016138114035129547, 0.039662912487983704, 0.08752315491437912, 0.03489142283797264, 0.005595676135271788, -0.06825215369462967, -0.0038047758862376213, 0.0785093754529953, -0.02706235460937023, 0.05435726046562195, -0.09660430997610092, -0.001156546175479889, -0.07927075773477554, 0.07451929897069931, -0.02045365981757641, 0.03732354938983917, 0.04447387531399727, -0.001794125186279416, 0.017564985901117325, -0.012271037325263023, -0.01053622830659151, 0.034432750195264816, -0.051628001034259796, -0.04144313558936119, 0.011144429445266724, -0.00854505505412817, -0.02230810932815075, -0.024380987510085106, 0.033143870532512665, -0.007864288054406643, 0.027081361040472984, -0.028775127604603767, 0.00533274793997407, -0.012901687994599342, 0.007937144488096237, 0.023040039464831352, -0.041869305074214935, 0.007641275878995657, -0.04443049058318138, 0.01119181327521801, 0.05624411255121231, -0.017655206844210625, -0.0575692392885685, 0.015910634770989418, -0.045687563717365265, -0.022332843393087387, 0.03342604637145996, 0.005629232618957758, 0.032822124660015106, -0.0720740556716919, -0.01428921613842249, 0.05466888099908829, -0.04638195037841797, -0.04007190838456154, -0.01654927060008049, -0.05311528965830803, 0.038620397448539734, -0.029552152380347252, -0.0064008524641394615, -0.021841702982783318, -0.03158041834831238, 0.04385507479310036, -0.004095657728612423, -0.002697473159059882, -0.009592410176992416, -0.03581203892827034, 0.007135389838367701, -0.005837193224579096, 0.05773487687110901, 0.0089042279869318, -0.027674676850438118, 0.013853784650564194, -0.016181647777557373, -0.007802774664014578, 0.005056250840425491, -0.05197514593601227, -0.09729816764593124, 0.043449100106954575, -0.016537752002477646, -0.07737275213003159, 0.008986198343336582, 0.0464114286005497, 0.036920201033353806, 0.07054278999567032, 0.011177881620824337, 0.03209526091814041, 0.029624680057168007, 0.035371966660022736, 0.024508275091648102, -0.025783803313970566, 0.0030853552743792534, 0.01445166114717722, 0.007363624405115843, -0.04241349920630455, -0.0030578686855733395, -0.07174845039844513, 0.06203291192650795, 0.024327510967850685, -0.061056576669216156, -0.03940654546022415, 0.0459008514881134, 0.060829855501651764, -0.05224303528666496, -0.0815473273396492, -0.05641915649175644, -0.0022748990450054407, 0.003288982203230262, 0.02438756637275219, 0.0029420030768960714, -0.040281493216753006, 0.006285097450017929, -0.027724185958504677, 0.03336593508720398, -0.011987545527517796, 0.0057887425646185875, 0.016099998727440834, -0.05353529006242752, -0.026185132563114166, 0.03050396591424942, 0.008582298643887043, -0.05514197796583176, 0.02117236889898777, 0.03668414428830147, -0.01824415847659111, 0.006805906537920237, 0.010037112981081009, -0.012289372272789478, 0.02155592478811741, -0.019764183089137077, 0.02428680658340454, -0.0361286923289299, 0.01763359270989895, -0.008551051840186119, -0.035015325993299484, -0.056971851736307144, 0.008732614107429981, -0.019718220457434654, -0.011987372301518917, -0.00709701469168067, -0.009056535549461842, 0.00712707731872797, -0.015450255014002323, 0.007455518934875727, -0.06569116562604904, 0.029355406761169434, -0.01570025645196438, -0.027738409116864204, 0.05702773481607437, 0.012787489220499992, 0.007415431551635265, 0.01655867137014866, 0.043549202382564545, -0.0348733551800251, -0.05590870976448059, -0.01662278175354004, -0.014034129679203033, -0.022913752123713493, 0.05917200818657875, -0.03150572627782822, -0.029106104746460915, -0.026872817426919937, 0.01437052059918642, -0.027630703523755074, -0.040017660707235336, 0.040444932878017426, 0.02482152357697487, -0.02078375220298767, 0.0016408665105700493, -0.033753398805856705, 0.021429136395454407, -0.0034421165473759174, 0.03673893213272095, 0.044688887894153595, -0.011977184563875198, -0.000609855109360069, 0.00011449944577179849, 0.08909894526004791, -0.0006171987042762339, 0.028375351801514626, -0.01865173690021038, 0.027109509333968163, 0.0105427335947752, -0.016427991911768913, 0.03607545420527458, -0.008546711876988411, -0.02406667172908783, 0.011991473846137524, 0.017024610191583633, -0.05317237973213196, 0.012228650972247124, 0.04338961839675903, -0.026041187345981598, -0.036974065005779266, 0.07762449234724045, -0.02971292845904827, 0.04125655069947243, 0.029699916020035744, 0.010429305024445057, -0.052732113748788834, -0.03764142841100693, 0.030228614807128906, 0.03618995100259781, 0.029428744688630104, -0.006026892457157373, 0.01157232467085123, -0.02036537416279316, 0.07088551670312881, 0.022434836253523827, 0.0016694188816472888, 0.03696821630001068, -0.006384627427905798, 0.05799657478928566, -0.03665776550769806, 0.08364425599575043, 0.036905013024806976, 0.060394369065761566, 0.006108783185482025, 0.004965655505657196, 0.06980138272047043, -0.043929632753133774, -0.03862009570002556, -0.016849150881171227, -0.03263022378087044, 0.01887638121843338, -0.13627870380878448, 0.0025506082456558943, 0.08948299288749695, 0.012963359244167805, -0.013183469884097576, -0.001631443970836699, 0.0095264483243227, 0.019634949043393135, 0.008671801537275314, 0.017848894000053406, -0.019321143627166748, -0.06327206641435623, -0.030986865982413292, -0.033596910536289215, 0.025529222562909126, 0.025139013305306435, 0.02407204359769821, 0.012736405245959759, 0.006061026826500893, -0.03478969261050224, 0.031213931739330292, -0.022600924596190453, -0.025847958400845528, -0.030954785645008087, -0.020921414718031883, 0.005306942388415337, 0.04375366121530533, -0.007614315953105688, 0.06797342747449875, 0.05373765528202057, -0.04328041523694992, 0.02686484344303608, -0.04948817193508148, -0.008829772472381592, -0.0798281729221344, -0.02236778475344181, -0.025490563362836838, -0.04883807152509689, 0.0032048956491053104, -0.015815241262316704, 0.020468125119805336, 0.07120196521282196, -0.015703286975622177, -0.025019733235239983, -0.06595145910978317, 0.035074926912784576, -0.05779505893588066, 0.05383085086941719, 0.005531157832592726, 0.01739051192998886, 0.055706899613142014, 0.08061478286981583, 0.07564376294612885, -0.02662416361272335, -0.03235761076211929, 0.01338625606149435, 0.03722730651497841, 0.0015729618025943637, 0.027409955859184265, -0.0335395522415638, -0.03450899198651314, 0.017882002517580986, 0.04712724685668945, -0.005353161133825779, 0.017125312238931656, -0.021737294271588326, 0.0816068947315216, 0.02201017364859581, 0.005060533527284861, 0.03295706957578659, 0.008357388898730278, 0.002672396134585142, 0.025041788816452026, 0.059083957225084305, 0.009236607700586319, -0.0625755563378334, -0.005897358525544405, -0.014028428122401237, -0.04026079550385475, -0.0456652007997036, -0.014061232097446918, 0.024200135841965675, -0.03731680288910866, -0.0313730351626873, -0.05879981070756912, -0.023564880713820457, -0.0327993705868721, 0.0013465933734551072, -0.008838529698550701, -0.057589273899793625, 0.06663703173398972, 0.0032437893096357584, -0.023293130099773407, -0.010242472402751446, 0.011131349951028824, -0.0008644693298265338, -0.0288363229483366, -0.003355346852913499, -0.018780909478664398, 0.01157156378030777, 0.004103953950107098, 0.0168465506285429, -0.0436747707426548, 0.08191476762294769, 0.014014705084264278, 0.059166718274354935, 0.0017369166016578674, -0.017721105366945267, 0.008620411157608032, 0.013933761976659298, 0.0748809427022934, 0.0038632117211818695, -0.040008194744586945, -0.0981486439704895, 0.03254197910428047, 0.0301671139895916, -0.002553528407588601, -0.03800758346915245, -0.008072469383478165, -0.043280262500047684 ]
<p>In proving that the action $$S\equiv \int^{t_2}_{t_1}L(x, x',t)dt$$ has a has a stationary point $x_0$ that satisfies the following: $$\frac{d}{dt}(\frac{\partial L}{\partial x'_0})=\frac{\partial L}{\partial x_0}$$ My textbook finds the action of $$x_a(t)\equiv x_0(t)+a\beta (t)$$ differentiated with respect a to the first order to reach the expression: $$\frac{\partial}{\partial a} S[x_a(t)]=\int^{t_2}_{t_1}(\frac{\partial L}{\partial x_a} - \frac{d}{dt}(\frac{\partial L}{\partial x'_a}))\beta dt$$ It then says that the only way this can be 0 for all $\beta$ is if the expression in the parentheses evaluated at $a=0$ is identically equal to zero. I don't understand why we can evaluate it at 0, please could someone explain? (I would understand if the thing in the parentheses had to be 0 for all $a$ but why does been it been 0 for $a=0$ imply it is 0 for all $a$?)</p>
g4571
[ 0.03119058348238468, -0.0457780547440052, -0.01400667242705822, -0.022554904222488403, 0.08275606483221054, -0.03322448953986168, 0.09062423557043076, 0.03288477286696434, -0.07524333894252777, -0.024336084723472595, -0.08330632746219635, 0.08745448291301727, -0.006093762349337339, 0.009338116273283958, 0.018917808309197426, -0.00921574980020523, 0.009382993914186954, -0.019330227747559547, -0.034649334847927094, -0.013090825639665127, 0.016820833086967468, 0.09813104569911957, -0.0028786153998225927, -0.034920018166303635, 0.057981833815574646, -0.0036435716319829226, 0.008221713826060295, 0.021920504048466682, -0.07009515166282654, -0.002340312348678708, 0.016462400555610657, -0.0008947676396928728, 0.03921159356832504, 0.023967210203409195, 0.013655557297170162, -0.055275190621614456, 0.06505916267633438, 0.011723062954843044, 0.011014778167009354, -0.05753578245639801, 0.0036153695546090603, 0.01618950627744198, -0.00941489264369011, 0.005330381449311972, -0.01591235212981701, -0.04006850719451904, -0.01507171243429184, 0.03783109411597252, -0.010509397834539413, 0.0016242226120084524, 0.044852085411548615, -0.02749251015484333, 0.007600603625178337, -0.07969794422388077, -0.031233971938490868, 0.038892343640327454, -0.046281445771455765, -0.019320134073495865, -0.014842487871646881, 0.035121601074934006, -0.050887443125247955, -0.032096873968839645, 0.03585829585790634, 0.030883705243468285, 0.02419896051287651, -0.05276712775230408, 0.020163007080554962, -0.035625047981739044, -0.020216748118400574, 0.014221730642020702, -0.022811301052570343, -0.03224113583564758, 0.004395981784909964, 0.010846349410712719, -0.019373171031475067, -0.02366076037287712, -0.0015054185641929507, -0.01899365335702896, -0.0038974485360085964, -0.011642416007816792, -0.03178708255290985, 0.005799890495836735, 0.06201111152768135, 0.023336593061685562, 0.007914156652987003, -0.006931622978299856, 0.01368196215480566, -0.02294114977121353, -0.03135982155799866, 0.057474467903375626, 0.03882351890206337, -0.0004498928610701114, 0.04338345304131508, 0.03550000116229057, -0.020128952339291573, -0.0182041022926569, 0.03086468018591404, -0.009868210181593895, -0.030068788677453995, -0.050346676260232925, 0.011058228090405464, 0.06132470816373825, 0.013980966061353683, 0.06333066523075104, -0.0004222604038659483, -0.024993721395730972, 0.0014869030565023422, -0.012401718646287918, -0.01805870793759823, -0.06970062851905823, 0.03625508397817612, 0.05177381634712219, -0.10016936808824539, -0.02984776347875595, -0.004726121202111244, 0.005357455927878618, 0.03194228932261467, 0.008618097752332687, -0.040635645389556885, -0.000522854330483824, -0.006524438504129648, 0.0002935804659500718, -0.03712648153305054, 0.08131168782711029, 0.0030093456152826548, 0.03938945755362511, -0.051942575722932816, 0.11020353436470032, 0.01967201568186283, -0.0025684924330562353, -0.02398041822016239, 0.03954952210187912, 0.025436250492930412, -0.026291776448488235, 0.03987753018736839, 0.030490228906273842, -0.03889152407646179, -0.013958845287561417, -0.004275268875062466, -0.021152488887310028, -0.07883509993553162, -0.030663304030895233, -0.07290267944335938, 0.03270990028977394, 0.017143966630101204, 0.002652771770954132, 0.0009795899968594313, -0.010611987672746181, 0.02695508860051632, 0.00909336470067501, -0.014193391427397728, 0.05144742131233215, 0.038999103009700775, -0.006233911029994488, -0.0061032953672111034, 0.02095722407102585, 0.05197476968169212, 0.01939091831445694, -0.033739615231752396, -0.013051125220954418, 0.02205927111208439, 0.059553422033786774, 0.026751434430480003, 0.02365223318338394, -0.12300827354192734, 0.05253840237855911, -0.05737930163741112, -0.016413182020187378, 0.01834142953157425, -0.05837063491344452, -0.03922684118151665, 0.09521134942770004, 0.034685369580984116, 0.03265674412250519, -0.00010878838656935841, 0.030264558270573616, -0.019504254683852196, -0.013771477155387402, -0.004206689540296793, 0.002871348289772868, -0.030393080785870552, -0.0500500425696373, -0.02316388115286827, -0.03798212483525276, -0.022853296250104904, -0.02909044735133648, 0.0013695125235244632, -0.01192489918321371, -0.049503859132528305, -0.021682754158973694, -0.003681579139083624, 0.024076445028185844, -0.005207862704992294, 0.006851358339190483, -0.02711378037929535, 0.036134615540504456, 0.0013684266014024615, -0.07965176552534103, -0.0070812334306538105, -0.027178853750228882, -0.015679314732551575, 0.031188609078526497, -0.0005480209947563708, 0.009612483903765678, -0.06354030221700668, 0.02672724612057209, 0.00904285628348589, -0.006223662756383419, 0.015432901680469513, 0.07400763779878616, -0.027241501957178116, -0.07203750312328339, -0.024602094665169716, 0.027972212061285973, -0.00493220891803503, -0.07891850173473358, 0.022066043689846992, 0.028071563690900803, 0.006345234811306, -0.07211389392614365, -0.041912078857421875, -0.019476335495710373, -0.005396266933530569, 0.003935409709811211, -0.05979529395699501, 0.031959690153598785, 0.012055221945047379, -0.00286308117210865, -0.02775711379945278, 0.05179418995976448, -0.05966902896761894, -0.04443281888961792, -0.03355982154607773, -0.04368162527680397, 0.013223420828580856, -0.06093675270676613, -0.0015424974262714386, -0.046659018844366074, 0.030035611242055893, 0.07803291827440262, -0.002472272142767906, 0.0016209916211664677, -0.04966023191809654, 0.051416005939245224, 0.026187129318714142, -0.027270182967185974, 0.004271277226507664, 0.01817561313509941, -0.013843710534274578, 0.005513402633368969, -0.06084015592932701, 0.05128604173660278, 0.03023773990571499, 0.023312067613005638, 0.013889187015593052, -0.048389896750450134, 0.016406312584877014, -0.009240834042429924, 0.05309091508388519, 0.011800029315054417, -0.02474011853337288, -0.00790315493941307, 0.011924322694540024, 0.05225668475031853, -0.04787330701947212, 0.035825759172439575, 0.008992530405521393, -0.04136142507195473, 0.05926596373319626, -0.028089705854654312, 0.004374067299067974, 0.017894243821501732, 0.021297121420502663, 0.07180695980787277, -0.053505416959524155, -0.018763091415166855, 0.0001174339558929205, 0.0007343198521994054, 0.03937676176428795, 0.012874339707195759, 0.039447180926799774, -0.002507119905203581, 0.017649173736572266, 0.06530090421438217, 0.0431082658469677, -0.03428331017494202, 0.015438918955624104, 0.02914712019264698, -0.01656796969473362, -0.06456459313631058, 0.011514050886034966, 0.009435193613171577, -0.014453931711614132, -0.024823077023029327, 0.04435468092560768, 0.00014649647346232086, -0.04436668008565903, -0.08245845884084702, 0.023588478565216064, -0.008579755201935768, -0.022074785083532333, 0.026478741317987442, -0.0007302882731892169, -0.03166104853153229, 0.0407632477581501, -0.03820598125457764, 0.039960265159606934, -0.05758415162563324, -0.014556880109012127, 0.04953130707144737, -0.03231381997466087, 0.04781779646873474, -0.026297597214579582, -0.08776140958070755, -0.0070844185538589954, 0.02667396329343319, -0.011543049477040768, -0.003337863367050886, 0.04451891779899597, 0.01280070561915636, 0.02720613032579422, -0.0384523943066597, 0.017639024183154106, -0.017778826877474785, 0.01718217320740223, -0.04458838701248169, -0.0277960654348135, 0.027276327833533287, -0.09496667981147766, -0.022160271182656288, 0.02661290392279625, -0.0023991845082491636, 0.01562829688191414, 0.013453353196382523, 0.04686644300818443, -0.012762189842760563, -0.06383901089429855, 0.059628672897815704, 0.02846849150955677, -0.003437930252403021, -0.0666353702545166, 0.0055605326779186726, -0.041316188871860504, 0.05714885890483856, 0.04719911888241768, -0.04163238778710365, 0.0028478503227233887, 0.06188106909394264, 0.04602392390370369, 0.011287092231214046, 0.026561761274933815, -0.018061695620417595, 0.00601211516186595, -0.019852032884955406, -0.007184291258454323, 0.010432690382003784, 0.07691625505685806, 0.05247761681675911, -0.0033214387949556112, -0.02869240939617157, 0.04827073588967323, 0.002818814944475889, -0.023203840479254723, 0.03356679156422615, 0.06478815525770187, 0.010926262475550175, -0.013899545185267925, 0.044291410595178604, -0.03808628395199776, 0.04201023653149605, 0.025652287527918816, -0.021724414080381393, 0.035334695130586624, 0.0040769740007817745, 0.015473181381821632, -0.047255732119083405, -0.04417425021529198, 0.016483809798955917, -0.008474824018776417, 0.07760225236415863, 0.033034030348062515, 0.046255700290203094, 0.0028006513603031635, -0.00003382374416105449, 0.015549384988844395, 0.014166516251862049, -0.014423193410038948, 0.0035918650683015585, 0.04471058398485184, -0.03404634818434715, 0.043982770293951035, 0.03709634393453598, -0.0013320731231942773, -0.014968172647058964, -0.03337247669696808, -0.010284729301929474, 0.012725370936095715, -0.00009471557132201269, -0.008174901828169823, 0.03853794187307358, -0.02211572416126728, -0.04452608898282051, 0.03614073246717453, -0.01273440383374691, -0.008517771027982235, -0.030043423175811768, 0.03247381001710892, 0.0177590474486351, 0.05074619874358177, -0.01746918261051178, -0.04369872435927391, -0.04457886517047882, -0.01435679942369461, -0.020468899980187416, -0.011122564785182476, 0.030127380043268204, 0.02207791619002819, -0.05055614933371544, 0.041090261191129684, -0.05114646255970001, 0.047852929681539536, 0.005164313595741987, -0.04878881573677063, -0.04870131239295006, 0.06275731325149536, 0.08892341703176498, 0.05383487045764923, 0.024084698408842087, 0.008386213332414627, -0.004994626622647047, -0.07293952256441116, 0.01337310578674078, -0.027102341875433922, 0.08905957639217377, -0.050353799015283585, 0.06494544446468353, -0.053223978728055954, 0.05888773128390312, 0.005236269440501928, 0.010977831669151783, 0.016465816646814346, -0.00862240232527256, -0.037816472351551056, 0.046225033700466156, 0.0208356361836195, 0.011565012857317924, -0.013322785496711731, -0.08790843933820724, 0.009165744297206402, -0.018311500549316406, -0.02960227057337761, 0.05456898733973503, 0.031214192509651184, -0.045451123267412186, 0.03379515931010246, -0.013087509199976921, 0.003608360653743148, -0.024665245786309242, -0.02195032313466072, -0.020754819735884666, -0.011421751230955124, -0.03180839121341705, 0.044387590140104294, 0.03110184147953987, 0.08148116618394852, 0.01243407279253006, -0.006220384035259485, -0.003154524601995945, -0.04162076488137245, -0.01616119220852852, 0.029302256181836128, 0.03191707655787468, 0.040527746081352234, 0.02161155827343464, 0.003088126890361309, -0.04370242357254028, -0.00989601667970419, -0.0033788320142775774, -0.027628153562545776, -0.03566562756896019, -0.03510409966111183, -0.012779893353581429, -0.0069205136969685555, -0.00987438764423132, 0.023391108959913254, 0.022088613361120224, -0.03998490422964096, -0.04575565084815025, 0.007868500426411629, -0.006125363055616617, 0.05455421656370163, -0.0034796802792698145, 0.05715456232428551, -0.03639436885714531, -0.006278535351157188, -0.013159467838704586, 0.029293091967701912, 0.02580598182976246, -0.012308607809245586, -0.02159143052995205, -0.060516200959682465, -0.016025716438889503, 0.0008920504478737712, -0.012713106349110603, 0.015298929996788502, 0.05385206639766693, 0.028559722006320953, -0.0019371586386114359, -0.00011181347508681938, -0.006677572149783373, 0.012109129689633846, 0.0662602111697197, 0.014009032398462296, 0.010810152627527714, -0.0022665960714221, 0.021195104345679283, -0.00937675591558218, -0.02592220902442932, -0.04855102673172951, 0.0009508990915492177, 0.0405859611928463, 0.01817421428859234, -0.01627493090927601, -0.01293671503663063, 0.05523988977074623, -0.015256274491548538, -0.0371902771294117, -0.062434859573841095, -0.06699199974536896, 0.01437334530055523, -0.0012663055676966906, 0.03814607486128807, -0.03769451752305031, -0.058200906962156296, -0.0022733111400157213, 0.015421682968735695, -0.00563756562769413, 0.014997868798673153, 0.01082640141248703, -0.009859146550297737, -0.05746578052639961, -0.013059129938483238, -0.019333183765411377, 0.057231079787015915, -0.07473050802946091, -0.004757996648550034, -0.05321219563484192, 0.013605042360723019, -0.020901042968034744, -0.05653946101665497, -0.054612770676612854, 0.0399281270802021, -0.0279134102165699, -0.01460504624992609, -0.01170026883482933, 0.021736912429332733, -0.06258957087993622, 0.008570416830480099, -0.018191112205386162, -0.05402678996324539, -0.004596062004566193, 0.010118476115167141, 0.01689670793712139, -0.005289582069963217, 0.03262120857834816, -0.07186111062765121, 0.00477126007899642, 0.016830597072839737, 0.010593358427286148, 0.004006961360573769, 0.0412653349339962, 0.03924728184938431, 0.031018517911434174, 0.018014516681432724, 0.014775995165109634, -0.006292365957051516, 0.0025743430014699697, -0.008296347223222256, 0.005331299267709255, -0.012055966071784496, -0.029108379036188126, 0.031651515513658524, 0.008490178734064102, -0.008225435391068459, -0.004899903666228056, 0.04007124900817871, -0.01052012573927641, -0.02085454948246479, 0.04024789482355118, 0.03163828328251839, -0.0037980915512889624, 0.008212154731154442, -0.011987381614744663, -0.003789351787418127, 0.02985050529241562, -0.020376499742269516, 0.03142709285020828, 0.030960308387875557, 0.02726753242313862, -0.04491204768419266, 0.004637097008526325, 0.03750201687216759, -0.000709734798874706, -0.03479461371898651, -0.0013487840769812465, 0.046915240585803986, -0.035151079297065735, -0.015389923937618732, 0.039709340780973434, 0.04410466551780701, -0.02737751044332981, 0.03611134737730026, 0.022164320573210716, 0.003955105319619179, 0.008475965820252895, -0.02989502251148224, -0.04748781397938728, 0.009890721179544926, -0.03169041499495506, -0.009261248633265495, 0.08735927939414978, -0.006161211524158716, -0.033202946186065674, -0.007506328169256449, 0.0447566956281662, 0.019629614427685738, -0.003652943531051278, 0.017596660181879997, -0.019559264183044434, 0.01987638883292675, -0.024425949901342392, 0.021067891269922256, -0.055345386266708374, 0.04226041957736015, -0.028339076787233353, 0.020944315940141678, -0.04028364270925522, 0.04238762706518173, 0.004825602285563946, 0.022609833627939224, -0.02037012204527855, 0.07494058459997177, -0.024142244830727577, -0.015093863010406494, -0.01238293293863535, 0.04393544793128967, 0.019210075959563255, -0.004247627686709166, -0.11155274510383606, 0.005016460549086332, 0.10926920175552368, 0.06361930817365646, -0.011998790316283703, -0.0002715559967327863, -0.027619803324341774, -0.016996072605252266, -0.011101075448095798, -0.00008684978092787787, -0.05911170691251755, -0.034837283194065094, 0.0037671304307878017, 0.004180108662694693, -0.027482813224196434, 0.021590281277894974, 0.0008295336156152189, -0.0011560344137251377, 0.018765773624181747, -0.046645186841487885, 0.03352436423301697, -0.03837163746356964, 0.04317886382341385, 0.014149649068713188, -0.004156573675572872, 0.03757266327738762, 0.05222610384225845, 0.0698375254869461, 0.02213640883564949, 0.01802126318216324, 0.016093671321868896, 0.020442048087716103, 0.02282499335706234, -0.017057592049241066, 0.03006821870803833, -0.06435805559158325, -0.04846404492855072, 0.011987556703388691, 0.009114440530538559, -0.010151653550565243, -0.007826968096196651, -0.015096345916390419, 0.005847109481692314, -0.006992217618972063, 0.03566299006342888, -0.0045007625594735146, 0.023646606132388115, -0.05159484222531319, -0.020377447828650475, 0.0345827154815197, -0.047004155814647675, 0.013263382017612457, 0.035984721034765244, -0.040057431906461716, -0.03874848037958145, -0.005829766858369112, 0.012251380831003189, 0.011752596125006676, 0.024178389459848404, 0.02488800138235092, -0.015524058602750301, -0.0670768991112709, 0.01474173553287983, 0.00671057403087616, -0.04265638068318367, -0.030622148886322975, 0.02703990414738655, -0.011638190597295761, -0.023821137845516205, -0.010470897890627384, 0.033144064247608185, -0.040444355458021164, 0.02204786241054535, -0.0179391261190176, -0.01499012392014265, -0.11057977378368378, -0.03380727395415306, -0.026931630447506905, -0.054263561964035034, 0.018615880981087685, 0.050125207751989365, 0.031221115961670876, -0.022614168003201485, -0.016660409048199654, 0.011499782092869282, 0.05650024861097336, -0.012732038274407387, 0.06025201454758644, 0.029637863859534264, -0.07708480954170227, -0.06129482015967369, 0.02547176368534565, -0.1130346804857254, -0.016631154343485832, -0.0026197615079581738, 0.034738484770059586, 0.02090569958090782, 0.016570329666137695, 0.011366471648216248, 0.02736799791455269, 0.04328250512480736, -0.04197390377521515, 0.02446480095386505, 0.026680484414100647, -0.056026801466941833, 0.003515667049214244, -0.0037455817218869925, -0.0039091394282877445, 0.004729699809104204, -0.0024906813632696867, 0.03402070701122284, 0.037604060024023056, -0.04241915047168732, 0.060098662972450256, -0.02398466132581234, 0.024025222286581993, -0.033027492463588715, -0.08744999766349792, 0.028263401240110397, -0.022531701251864433 ]
<p>I am looking for a device to provide variable excitation voltage (30VDC to 200VDC) to a Transducer for a variable time (10 to 20 milliseconds).</p> <p>Can someone please advise how I could achieve this using an off the shelf product? </p>
g4572
[ 0.06454543769359589, 0.02802211232483387, -0.005684276577085257, -0.06477931141853333, -0.00825949851423502, -0.034882016479969025, -0.026768401265144348, -0.07073045521974564, -0.02075156755745411, 0.0073070223443210125, -0.03885413333773613, 0.013314616866409779, -0.05668887123465538, 0.01875261589884758, 0.02352866902947426, -0.01019436027854681, 0.0019053596770390868, -0.008546452037990093, 0.021254241466522217, 0.020911436527967453, 0.015110422857105732, -0.04541517049074173, -0.009959938004612923, -0.004388816654682159, -0.017235904932022095, -0.014876918867230415, 0.03874653950333595, 0.04331783205270767, -0.04606441408395767, 0.015635017305612564, -0.05880245566368103, -0.018660617992281914, 0.02904033102095127, 0.06593190133571625, -0.007925097830593586, 0.03459266945719719, -0.010164457373321056, -0.012401649728417397, 0.026656460016965866, 0.013041163794696331, -0.005504034925252199, 0.028735941275954247, 0.022640246897935867, -0.02991269715130329, 0.0782776027917862, 0.01782754622399807, 0.01576772890985012, -0.010133710689842701, -0.07111110538244247, -0.022670870646834373, -0.014714798890054226, -0.052471768110990524, 0.016802167519927025, 0.026657510548830032, 0.008154220879077911, 0.009606425650417805, -0.07123980671167374, -0.004833607003092766, -0.019564645364880562, -0.015213577076792717, 0.008779649622738361, 0.0016972302692010999, 0.02087268978357315, -0.07846958190202713, 0.028223460540175438, -0.026195090264081955, -0.0076736207120120525, -0.06552448123693466, -0.004211741965264082, 0.06825477629899979, 0.038044217973947525, -0.008610306307673454, 0.04218121990561485, -0.02253110520541668, 0.07628179341554642, -0.019426140934228897, 0.020496532320976257, -0.04666533321142197, 0.016899721696972847, -0.007898461073637009, -0.008853483945131302, 0.02333468198776245, -0.020902885124087334, -0.015529502183198929, -0.020017065107822418, -0.0393218919634819, -0.008862247690558434, 0.08048068732023239, 0.03078637272119522, -0.031811852008104324, -0.009988972917199135, -0.0002771915460471064, -0.00042650813702493906, 0.05209504812955856, -0.07145489752292633, -0.022856589406728745, 0.0013544185785576701, 0.05443234741687775, -0.020726341754198074, 0.024922387674450874, 0.022500373423099518, -0.034266505390405655, 0.035300131887197495, -0.011601273901760578, -0.06165572255849838, 0.010747102089226246, 0.02684427611529827, -0.007319488096982241, 0.03029547818005085, -0.022269081324338913, 0.005214206874370575, -0.0598534420132637, -0.03945949301123619, -0.030336590483784676, -0.024483030661940575, -0.0006947150686755776, -0.025919610634446144, 0.040318042039871216, -0.07799377292394638, -0.05113504081964493, 0.010159087367355824, 0.029994215816259384, -0.04989861696958542, 0.029753711074590683, -0.021317174658179283, 0.0076226438395679, -0.006822232622653246, -0.003293978748843074, 0.009308074600994587, 0.03997143357992172, 0.04362243413925171, -0.02440767176449299, -0.017027825117111206, 0.026285186409950256, -0.029009731486439705, 0.005299929995089769, 0.057962797582149506, -0.009384927339851856, 0.00364994490519166, 0.03716089576482773, 0.0014295863220468163, -0.01592455804347992, -0.018638847395777702, -0.023381667211651802, -0.012370982207357883, 0.018126871436834335, 0.0040038106963038445, -0.024814192205667496, 0.035385243594646454, -0.025412967428565025, 0.04487408697605133, -0.0009442249429412186, -0.009325622580945492, 0.009963016025722027, -0.036397870630025864, -0.001141114393249154, 0.01107598003000021, -0.00895138829946518, -0.020631566643714905, -0.03847656026482582, 0.006941783241927624, 0.032769978046417236, -0.01273942831903696, -0.005683754570782185, 0.017812766134738922, -0.04838471859693527, 0.060511358082294464, -0.011132564395666122, 0.012763838283717632, -0.01582762412726879, -0.0689842700958252, 0.01225191354751587, 0.04821139946579933, -0.008238089270889759, -0.04546089470386505, -0.01402951218187809, -0.012614080682396889, 0.012275472283363342, -0.03443587198853493, 0.00017165078315883875, -0.061536241322755814, -0.011103293858468533, 0.002833309583365917, -0.05183384567499161, -0.014076109044253826, 0.03203194960951805, 0.0036482741124927998, -0.017030738294124603, 0.012804997153580189, -0.0005596753326244652, -0.01570269837975502, -0.04141531512141228, -0.04974237456917763, 0.05606270954012871, -0.05025375634431839, 0.012633102014660835, 0.03731415420770645, -0.04115525260567665, 0.002127649262547493, -0.0053314585238695145, 0.060503676533699036, 0.024418139830231667, 0.06789608299732208, 0.054435715079307556, 0.04795996472239494, -0.014456123113632202, -0.041158996522426605, -0.049024004489183426, 0.00006612772267544642, 0.031577061861753464, 0.03148284927010536, 0.035949528217315674, -0.032866206020116806, 0.015922844409942627, -0.07772050052881241, -0.08743426203727722, -0.009717903099954128, 0.012031259015202522, 0.02731958217918873, 0.005097716581076384, 0.028083287179470062, 0.06600924581289291, 0.05200539901852608, -0.020200200378894806, 0.007519838400185108, -0.018886243924498558, -0.026527229696512222, -0.018049977719783783, 0.037098828703165054, -0.04427308589220047, 0.024284759536385536, -0.0005851280293427408, 0.028386244550347328, -0.04489900544285774, 0.03937618434429169, 0.030603468418121338, -0.01233306247740984, -0.056209128350019455, -0.030993947759270668, -0.013494129292666912, -0.010061617009341717, -0.019734350964426994, 0.0530446395277977, -0.014317022636532784, -0.06176915019750595, -0.07350928336381912, 0.051977068185806274, 0.003273208159953356, 0.0671120434999466, 0.012152637355029583, 0.00665044691413641, 0.011408564634621143, -0.001158584258519113, 0.008820583112537861, -0.03007781319320202, -0.022941360250115395, 0.026171891018748283, 0.06452849507331848, -0.04790721833705902, -0.025716586038470268, -0.042845387011766434, 0.07612168043851852, 0.05398011580109596, 0.06072660908102989, 0.02016390487551689, -0.02745860069990158, -0.029335547238588333, 0.05518677830696106, 0.01455505657941103, -0.016426926478743553, 0.008352100849151611, -0.0038047153502702713, -0.024990897625684738, -0.00643360149115324, -0.01790875941514969, 0.005109221674501896, 0.0578487291932106, 0.020307058468461037, 0.02382391318678856, -0.022088628262281418, -0.006327774375677109, -0.03623722121119499, 0.05254228413105011, 0.02850320376455784, -0.01917138323187828, -0.017024172469973564, 0.00862040463835001, -0.023627035319805145, -0.011023450642824173, -0.0012624645605683327, -0.01634419523179531, -0.020860251039266586, -0.08360031247138977, -0.027690406888723373, 0.023695170879364014, -0.019041111692786217, -0.021337680518627167, 0.010849511250853539, 0.01170505303889513, 0.032370198518037796, -0.02674751728773117, -0.022834256291389465, -0.002863992704078555, -0.008865403942763805, -0.036001790314912796, -0.06345387548208237, 0.04622229188680649, -0.0143510727211833, -0.033308323472738266, 0.02818256802856922, -0.004750238731503487, -0.0553072914481163, -0.001618679380044341, -0.00787467323243618, -0.05991053208708763, 0.019208794459700584, 0.011519218795001507, 0.027545303106307983, -0.006631505209952593, 0.018970543518662453, 0.032673999667167664, -0.023364704102277756, 0.04198191314935684, 0.03940717875957489, -0.013619683682918549, 0.00038381884223781526, 0.05057332292199135, 0.024712642654776573, -0.06318269670009613, -0.0023101535625755787, 0.007727157790213823, 0.006575506646186113, -0.02416309341788292, 0.03370092436671257, 0.033782701939344406, -0.06509483605623245, -0.06761669367551804, 0.0715104416012764, -0.010650748386979103, 0.024217093363404274, 0.04342668503522873, 0.005727116018533707, -0.08802735805511475, -0.016955869272351265, 0.0021998616866767406, -0.006489255465567112, -0.02174074575304985, 0.038711920380592346, -0.027959542348980904, -0.04874124750494957, 0.04151792451739311, 0.03010849468410015, 0.00020936274086125195, 0.011141841299831867, 0.036681413650512695, 0.031206510961055756, 0.015040924772620201, 0.016485728323459625, -0.05658182129263878, -0.003638653550297022, -0.018607672303915024, 0.00919606164097786, 0.05653886869549751, -0.01655096374452114, 0.0011402900563552976, 0.050865206867456436, 0.043515145778656006, 0.0516088642179966, -0.004234750289469957, 0.0019413793925195932, 0.025072697550058365, 0.04234949126839638, -0.01026976853609085, -0.006903188303112984, -0.04308333620429039, -0.03428349643945694, -0.00039411522448062897, -0.021668680012226105, -0.07222407311201096, 0.06283222138881683, -0.039446715265512466, 0.028291935101151466, 0.017153015360236168, -0.00976735819131136, -0.0026190613862127066, -0.04068346321582794, -0.03625868633389473, 0.03659816086292267, 0.03580450639128685, -0.04040485620498657, 0.012016642838716507, -0.07181750982999802, -0.03175429627299309, 0.041120342910289764, -0.027951132506132126, 0.007737354841083288, 0.04951751232147217, -0.05294265225529671, 0.01585417054593563, -0.04692131280899048, 0.019549917429685593, 0.009717226959764957, 0.028911324217915535, 0.03200919181108475, 0.012667178176343441, -0.018443305045366287, 0.032570067793130875, -0.06507058441638947, -0.01793147251009941, 0.009400691837072372, -0.024940503761172295, -0.07512465864419937, 0.01625647023320198, 0.0037299690302461386, -0.006571435369551182, 0.04559798538684845, 0.08354272693395615, -0.0021260057110339403, 0.028421059250831604, 0.004271253943443298, -0.04357259348034859, 0.00156909239012748, 0.03795730695128441, -0.0032315400894731283, -0.00583600765094161, 0.030552692711353302, 0.0027369067538529634, -0.04136280342936516, 0.027934256941080093, 0.014185567386448383, -0.047940272837877274, -0.0397183857858181, 0.005902249366044998, -0.03621212765574455, -0.03365541994571686, 0.044529836624860764, 0.027484769001603127, -0.03221438080072403, 0.013408954255282879, 0.017630979418754578, 0.0755554586648941, -0.039165206253528595, -0.0192466601729393, 0.0001825986400945112, -0.02422301098704338, 0.05975241959095001, -0.06483826786279678, -0.028120674192905426, 0.06481710076332092, -0.01427859254181385, -0.01792694441974163, 0.017448317259550095, -0.04651447385549545, -0.05530966445803642, 0.05087348446249962, 0.012684307061135769, 0.02729087322950363, -0.021311860531568527, 0.07840201258659363, 0.017921043559908867, -0.0557076521217823, -0.01802491769194603, -0.038380034267902374, 0.00006852550723124295, -0.003344108583405614, 0.011623403057456017, -0.015887659043073654, -0.04057211056351662, -0.02192877233028412, -0.003324793418869376, -0.013983183540403843, 0.023432394489645958, -0.006913549266755581, 0.11006253212690353, 0.05355830490589142, -0.0005368527490645647, 0.0169020127505064, -0.03337857872247696, -0.011052282527089119, -0.016317158937454224, -0.05922241508960724, 0.03415808081626892, -0.009173874743282795, 0.009446244686841965, 0.06493569910526276, -0.0427488349378109, -0.05824176222085953, -0.010167958214879036, 0.03444203361868858, -0.027816032990813255, 0.04812963306903839, 0.02977328561246395, 0.01735064573585987, -0.0006809025071561337, -0.012450340203940868, -0.011027615517377853, 0.005434193182736635, -0.09948605298995972, -0.016232406720519066, 0.0032830804120749235, -0.006160174496471882, 0.0193296167999506, -0.07449594140052795, 0.021669939160346985, -0.002494666026905179, -0.011818732134997845, -0.06149794161319733, 0.11371153593063354, -0.015811072662472725, 0.0800452008843422, -0.030177325010299683, 0.02350732870399952, 0.040925972163677216, -0.024447830393910408, -0.028943853452801704, 0.06369561702013016, -0.02767920307815075, -0.009210536256432533, -0.04479388892650604, 0.008214008063077927, 0.019599998369812965, -0.04197161644697189, 0.0312991626560688, 0.02475357986986637, -0.056928716599941254, 0.03799282759428024, -0.028531111776828766, -0.0107803363353014, 0.0013356545241549611, 0.006369223352521658, 0.05830895155668259, -0.0006123197381384671, -0.043135229498147964, -0.035812538117170334, -0.033164750784635544, -0.001510752597823739, -0.016132201999425888, 0.018910791724920273, -0.08453477919101715, -0.04509515315294266, -0.028375281020998955, -0.033726610243320465, 0.055309802293777466, -0.006745893973857164, 0.02979147806763649, 0.034243013709783554, -0.0031704967841506004, 0.03661288321018219, 0.016621019691228867, -0.009088730439543724, 0.0012856455286964774, 0.048084139823913574, 0.010264075361192226, 0.04415296018123627, 0.047485481947660446, 0.0017550704069435596, -0.019848383963108063, 0.010963646695017815, -0.05031457915902138, -0.03889131918549538, 0.017773592844605446, 0.0020077661611139774, -0.04301277920603752, 0.02871457301080227, -0.041142020374536514, 0.047361139208078384, 0.02556263655424118, 0.06317029148340225, -0.004238525405526161, 0.02983897179365158, 0.004654239863157272, -0.019900618121027946, 0.018691467121243477, -0.026627903804183006, 0.013277354650199413, -0.02276669815182686, 0.05769442766904831, -0.0531143881380558, 0.046100735664367676, -0.004559907130897045, -0.006171898450702429, 0.029094597324728966, -0.06658006459474564, 0.029451513662934303, 0.014002262614667416, -0.008587353862822056, -0.04112790897488594, -0.014930060133337975, -0.07838458567857742, -0.013489481061697006, 0.03253862261772156, 0.02221253700554371, -0.017776113003492355, -0.007886972278356552, 0.02264147810637951, 0.009580641984939575, -0.037150729447603226, 0.04994087293744087, 0.044439882040023804, 0.01840566284954548, -0.025116635486483574, 0.03569197282195091, -0.0311164278537035, -0.020755579695105553, -0.03609991446137428, -0.00782929826527834, -0.023104794323444366, -0.009042187593877316, 0.027090802788734436, -0.03405793011188507, 0.035384777933359146, -0.033568158745765686, 0.010104299522936344, -0.003394995117560029, -0.017173342406749725, 0.051058877259492874, 0.0028809031937271357, -0.0021741336677223444, 0.038584139198064804, 0.04844846948981285, 0.054886434227228165, 0.040938928723335266, 0.013497849926352501, 0.06505724787712097, -0.0077088987454771996, 0.04762708395719528, -0.04091682657599449, -0.054870352149009705, 0.049125418066978455, 0.013930472545325756, -0.05367256700992584, 0.03752175346016884, 0.043395910412073135, -0.018345661461353302, -0.060897860676050186, 0.049518901854753494, 0.04804148152470589, 0.011427783407270908, 0.021721772849559784, 0.014459764584898949, 0.008633526973426342, 0.01798519864678383, -0.010925882495939732, 0.026706423610448837, 0.03448706865310669, 0.05901879072189331, 0.030216624960303307, 0.041155487298965454, 0.011109143495559692, 0.03528604283928871, 0.05995393544435501, -0.000010529126484470908, 0.01076152641326189, 0.08421771228313446, 0.0019374701660126448, 0.050710562616586685, 0.03759968280792236, -0.014635801315307617, 0.02577267400920391, -0.01622753217816353, -0.03414053097367287, -0.04999920725822449, -0.02093360386788845, -0.01294525247067213, 0.016751132905483246, 0.030690696090459824, -0.06471438705921173, -0.038771264255046844, -0.02917465753853321, -0.026731839403510094, 0.01440400816500187, -0.018562067300081253, -0.023581627756357193, 0.0013492329744622111, 0.0073908185586333275, -0.049748871475458145, -0.03725787252187729, 0.050630711019039154, -0.058667656034231186, 0.01582893542945385, -0.050896357744932175, -0.05210446938872337, -0.001563170226290822, -0.0057555013336241245, -0.029660489410161972, -0.0031244230922311544, -0.022704871371388435, 0.04900133237242699, 0.07204887270927429, 0.06577523052692413, 0.0020760975312441587, 0.024888215586543083, 0.043921805918216705, -0.06676819175481796, 0.022765252739191055, -0.005591377150267363, 0.012008920311927795, -0.0487997829914093, 0.03247908502817154, 0.0640602707862854, 0.05408067628741264, 0.0352448970079422, -0.026577427983283997, 0.04045647382736206, -0.005743524059653282, 0.04581587389111519, 0.0199049711227417, -0.06582576781511307, 0.028694581240415573, 0.03767429292201996, -0.0012939618900418282, 0.045807525515556335, -0.025980647653341293, 0.022177787497639656, -0.02876146137714386, 0.020955033600330353, -0.07653544843196869, 0.06788481026887894, 0.0029654966201633215, 0.0015795272774994373, -0.01915411837399006, 0.016075048595666885, -0.00349509553052485, -0.015598868951201439, 0.03644021227955818, -0.09387004375457764, -0.10482699424028397, 0.04128159582614899, -0.017475154250860214, -0.04932069778442383, 0.025431044399738312, -0.053096625953912735, 0.024611033499240875, 0.05511811003088951, -0.020336488261818886, -0.011897644028067589, -0.0020658799912780523, 0.012505797669291496, -0.04807192087173462, 0.06410115212202072, 0.0605425201356411, -0.05970026180148125, -0.0994439423084259, 0.03844917193055153, 0.0096479132771492, 0.051673322916030884, -0.00876663625240326, 0.04414482042193413, 0.014806229621171951, -0.0317625030875206, -0.04410737752914429, -0.021308768540620804, -0.07623741775751114, -0.008825931698083878, 0.02692040242254734, -0.03304964676499367, 0.06700441986322403, 0.037854693830013275, -0.030758613720536232, -0.024061929434537888, -0.061069704592227936, 0.020868077874183655, 0.00607515312731266, 0.021375291049480438, -0.0003449835639912635, 0.027267588302493095, -0.025305815041065216, 0.005326573271304369 ]
<p>I know that if the Helmholtz free energy, $A$, is expressed as a function $A\sim A(N,V,T)$, then this function contains all thermodynamic information about the system. For instance, the pressure of the system is given by:</p> <p>$$P(N,V,T) = -\frac{\partial A}{\partial V}\Bigg|_{n,T}$$</p> <p>Indeed, if we imagine $N$ and $T$ are fixed, then this in effect gives us pressure as a function of volume:</p> <p>$$P\sim f(V).$$</p> <p>My question relates to the inverse of this equation. If we are given $P$ rather than $V$ (still with $T$ and $N$ fixed and known) then either numerically or analytically we can solve this to find $V$. But if the equation is complicated enough, <em>there maybe multiple values of $V$ for a given $P$, $T$ and $N$</em>.</p> <p>This didn't seem too unreasonable to me (perhaps physically this represents a gas and a liquid co-existing at the same $T$, $P$ and $N$ at equilibrium), until I realised that, if we worked with the Gibbs free energy instead, and found values of $G(T,P,N)$, then in that case</p> <p>$$V(T,P,N) = \frac{\partial G}{\partial P} \Bigg|_{N,T}$$</p> <p>and this gives us an explicit, <em>single-valued</em> equation for $V$ as a function of $P$, $T$ and $N$ (though perhaps the inverse $P(V)$ is now multi-valued?).</p> <p>What's going on here? One formulation of thermodynamics gives me an EOS in which there can exist multiple values of $V$ for a given $P$, and the other says I can have multiple values of $P$ for a given $V$! </p>
g4573
[ 0.02453470602631569, -0.02564549818634987, -0.032747700810432434, -0.003085128730162978, 0.010164971463382244, -0.009316394105553627, -0.03455575928092003, 0.013234110549092293, -0.03463426232337952, 0.005532813258469105, -0.04859171807765961, -0.0034853899851441383, 0.043576717376708984, 0.004570105113089085, 0.004334331955760717, -0.013926330953836441, 0.08599430322647095, -0.02164439484477043, -0.00197348790243268, 0.0194074846804142, -0.0170421302318573, -0.016963740810751915, 0.015505016781389713, -0.05242200568318367, 0.011743244715034962, -0.030041217803955078, 0.014864709228277206, 0.01439947821199894, -0.045415934175252914, 0.004083055071532726, -0.03742140531539917, 0.027188144624233246, 0.03250905126333237, -0.03341706842184067, -0.08463505655527115, -0.0050979978404939175, 0.07458382099866867, 0.012127065099775791, 0.013824937865138054, 0.0024746349081397057, -0.020695794373750687, -0.025739111006259918, 0.00836497638374567, 0.03964993357658386, -0.032839588820934296, 0.008363720029592514, -0.02423184923827648, 0.041165791451931, -0.07315927743911743, -0.03483149781823158, 0.08271004259586334, 0.046137839555740356, -0.0027477967087179422, 0.0010957230115309358, -0.037834133952856064, -0.0317826084792614, -0.004878656007349491, 0.05884907394647598, 0.00020405120449140668, 0.06380915641784668, 0.005410565994679928, 0.015164673328399658, 0.0025810205843299627, 0.020693909376859665, 0.032298892736434937, 0.0069637661799788475, -0.019921820610761642, -0.0038623253349214792, 0.013915074057877064, -0.03639952838420868, 0.032848116010427475, -0.008143803104758263, -0.015285697765648365, -0.023587891831994057, 0.004889339208602905, 0.0014894630294293165, 0.004481391981244087, -0.015964126214385033, 0.01608230173587799, 0.001270074164494872, 0.01108573842793703, 0.007153424434363842, 0.07027266174554825, -0.017561709508299828, 0.04030121490359306, -0.02187999151647091, 0.042278993874788284, -0.03007708117365837, -0.04697727411985397, 0.010454372502863407, -0.017829466611146927, 0.02963404357433319, 0.08397596329450607, 0.005269492045044899, 0.025982104241847992, 0.022173745557665825, -0.01733742468059063, 0.027553599327802658, -0.056889165192842484, -0.012335839681327343, -0.016597198322415352, -0.0007933948072604835, 0.00015542481560260057, -0.019690461456775665, 0.029874732717871666, -0.05309237539768219, 0.05450912192463875, 0.029614850878715515, -0.021159755066037178, -0.03360600396990776, -0.013944958336651325, 0.036218300461769104, 0.018552178516983986, 0.014810238964855671, -0.022250764071941376, -0.05619169771671295, 0.07401754707098007, -0.021036680787801743, -0.049274176359176636, 0.04170319437980652, -0.009341035969555378, 0.01639566943049431, 0.0216139517724514, 0.051427360624074936, 0.006013648118823767, 0.010479209944605827, 0.0073179323226213455, -0.020598111674189568, 0.013933099806308746, -0.03837679699063301, 0.011776228435337543, 0.009402502328157425, 0.0010449170367792249, 0.027695797383785248, 0.041653815656900406, 0.008681927807629108, -0.053951576352119446, 0.02783909998834133, -0.03559984639286995, 0.053912218660116196, 0.0035836598835885525, -0.03486315906047821, -0.0328882560133934, 0.0031290759798139334, 0.03347313031554222, -0.00981177855283022, -0.014081120491027832, -0.0075049614533782005, 0.02263234555721283, -0.018726607784628868, -0.022246353328227997, 0.05497671663761139, 0.035537172108888626, 0.03269527480006218, -0.015717417001724243, -0.025160405784845352, 0.0006369385519064963, -0.048381906002759933, -0.025987330824136734, 0.01612779311835766, 0.021673066541552544, -0.015197942033410072, 0.08960702270269394, 0.032564643770456314, 0.02950899675488472, 0.07879700511693954, 0.005792183335870504, -0.06970681995153427, -0.010005208663642406, -0.025738036260008812, -0.033939894288778305, 0.039228327572345734, -0.005215945187956095, 0.04036033898591995, 0.03302573412656784, 0.0002160637523047626, 0.032841768115758896, 0.00773780420422554, -0.018952205777168274, 0.046041470021009445, -0.008969854563474655, 0.02840116061270237, 0.01563311740756035, -0.012090370990335941, -0.003349236911162734, 0.026946857571601868, -0.02029925025999546, 0.04200280085206032, 0.0012140873586758971, 0.04527390003204346, -0.031494662165641785, 0.060484837740659714, -0.010308773256838322, 0.056858595460653305, 0.059991504997015, -0.001560170203447342, 0.012156372889876366, -0.06707371771335602, -0.04357842355966568, 0.014936600811779499, -0.00349768646992743, 0.03694412484765053, 0.04630016162991524, 0.0444602333009243, 0.04164395108819008, 0.07445865869522095, -0.0015708081191405654, -0.02832493931055069, 0.027639834210276604, -0.005054471082985401, -0.020679699257016182, -0.05746229365468025, -0.023443613201379776, 0.03831595554947853, 0.053414247930049896, -0.07719863951206207, 0.04459671303629875, 0.02614719606935978, -0.0028983433730900288, -0.021034467965364456, -0.011254662647843361, 0.060670606791973114, -0.022876564413309097, -0.007632242515683174, -0.01839684695005417, -0.006757055409252644, -0.011042308993637562, -0.026576247066259384, -0.07228615134954453, 0.006076158490031958, -0.00473698740825057, 0.011568122543394566, 0.06519385427236557, -0.025068607181310654, -0.0013053345028311014, 0.0741579607129097, 0.0016855901340022683, -0.00121799495536834, 0.010143141262233257, 0.09711320698261261, 0.0018762380350381136, -0.039970800280570984, -0.04265400767326355, 0.07705650478601456, 0.02617586962878704, 0.050330374389886856, -0.01979040913283825, 0.0392167828977108, 0.012630478478968143, 0.028721310198307037, -0.05080518499016762, -0.006646472495049238, 0.0270064827054739, -0.00144917459692806, -0.028713015839457512, -0.00591186573728919, 0.0061684828251600266, -0.005836620926856995, -0.04438335821032524, 0.023211805149912834, 0.0266175027936697, 0.03090035542845726, 0.0019298422848805785, 0.03283047676086426, 0.012274028733372688, 0.0030257985927164555, 0.040373317897319794, -0.003315276699140668, -0.0040856958366930485, 0.020578594878315926, 0.05738217383623123, 0.05319393053650856, 0.00018266955157741904, 0.03210350126028061, 0.008793271146714687, -0.01808793470263481, -0.021440602838993073, -0.06341750919818878, 0.06368892639875412, -0.042804501950740814, -0.058393627405166626, 0.013839992694556713, -0.03571668267250061, 0.040854718536138535, 0.012323413975536823, -0.05715445056557655, 0.08372494578361511, -0.019196147099137306, 0.040899164974689484, -0.018297526985406876, -0.003711084369570017, 0.014181459322571754, -0.01428886316716671, 0.03312911465764046, -0.07219965755939484, -0.030562451109290123, -0.012659108266234398, -0.0801258310675621, -0.013118364848196507, 0.012313048355281353, -0.015316563658416271, -0.038320016115903854, 0.007037799805402756, 0.009151951409876347, -0.0010452474234625697, -0.014926078729331493, -0.0754343718290329, -0.044802118092775345, 0.013739479705691338, -0.0052320887334644794, 0.009570461697876453, 0.018572673201560974, 0.013672416098415852, -0.00748278247192502, -0.05723383277654648, 0.06474217772483826, 0.00860451627522707, -0.05016559734940529, 0.035163283348083496, -0.025054235011339188, -0.057190798223018646, -0.06884638965129852, 0.02652190998196602, -0.03147411346435547, 0.01682262495160103, -0.03364737331867218, -0.0667487382888794, -0.02202528342604637, 0.017961779609322548, -0.007068711798638105, 0.03904976695775986, 0.0128754498437047, 0.03955003246665001, -0.02269367128610611, 0.034702885895967484, -0.021704476326704025, -0.020701497793197632, 0.013957108370959759, 0.038458202034235, -0.0004801756876986474, 0.008461765944957733, -0.04058534651994705, -0.04625769332051277, 0.021404452621936798, -0.03160237893462181, -0.016163192689418793, -0.0789584219455719, 0.025901781395077705, -0.0002524068404454738, -0.06097770482301712, 0.009853840805590153, -0.025667252019047737, 0.008255998603999615, 0.01141718402504921, 0.02216160297393799, 0.00013215496437624097, 0.04213165119290352, 0.012003089301288128, 0.054867785423994064, 0.015034857206046581, 0.00933641754090786, -0.05983696132898331, 0.05173414945602417, 0.02364707924425602, 0.04321146756410599, 0.006914951838552952, 0.025510454550385475, 0.02852240949869156, -0.07508061081171036, -0.07303625345230103, 0.030024124309420586, -0.052542030811309814, 0.0358395054936409, -0.003083092626184225, 0.04224935173988342, -0.030320964753627777, -0.011165718547999859, -0.004974068142473698, -0.02401982620358467, 0.02438819780945778, 0.08817150443792343, -0.042441513389348984, 0.009511045180261135, 0.006570560857653618, 0.02716466784477234, -0.010741017758846283, -0.021579032763838768, 0.013049274682998657, 0.03391055762767792, -0.012594233267009258, 0.0029530308675020933, 0.026607051491737366, -0.06276372075080872, 0.09058402478694916, 0.008618961088359356, 0.0224552471190691, 0.03488721698522568, -0.06302820891141891, -0.043593697249889374, 0.051637664437294006, 0.0031776034738868475, -0.046909481287002563, 0.010182336904108524, -0.05204688385128975, 0.016848301514983177, 0.013247926719486713, 0.060600899159908295, -0.0708106979727745, -0.04231293499469757, -0.012443928979337215, 0.009383006952702999, -0.04256385937333107, 0.06834806501865387, -0.008706871420145035, 0.008101049810647964, 0.002836893079802394, 0.006320031825453043, -0.05757474526762962, 0.0773426741361618, -0.004119248129427433, 0.03383660316467285, -0.029230525717139244, 0.0330980084836483, -0.009853997267782688, -0.06309840828180313, -0.0038605642039328814, 0.05836360529065132, 0.020471516996622086, -0.050746768712997437, -0.06624604016542435, 0.02914363145828247, -0.008938144892454147, 0.041708216071128845, 0.023728154599666595, 0.008200629614293575, 0.03051672875881195, -0.01894485205411911, 0.008566736243665218, -0.0700942724943161, 0.055271901190280914, 0.009302644059062004, 0.008727636188268661, 0.002158443909138441, -0.020314782857894897, 0.007850263267755508, -0.01607177034020424, 0.034857556223869324, 0.004586992785334587, -0.03576875105500221, -0.04583973437547684, 0.0007584199775010347, -0.009060007520020008, -0.023525409400463104, 0.027461275458335876, -0.010650310665369034, -0.01977464370429516, -0.02510235086083412, -0.009817833080887794, 0.03714928776025772, -0.007826633751392365, -0.021603038534522057, -0.03212505951523781, 0.020254889503121376, 0.029197024181485176, 0.02248801663517952, -0.06112516298890114, -0.06744188815355301, 0.055995043367147446, -0.01787257380783558, -0.012455975636839867, 0.02659795805811882, 0.016922328621149063, 0.027245374396443367, 0.0025154417380690575, 0.006291573867201805, -0.012168945744633675, -0.003414359875023365, -0.02947360649704933, -0.0012837802059948444, -0.06426524370908737, 0.001503805280663073, 0.052023060619831085, -0.004395166877657175, 0.04424740746617317, -0.027628054842352867, 0.004797162022441626, -0.031720586121082306, -0.016681073233485222, 0.018809931352734566, 0.017992820590734482, -0.009298139251768589, 0.06961625814437866, 0.040422216057777405, 0.008896552957594395, -0.06448625028133392, -0.012943999841809273, -0.006850607693195343, -0.057225581258535385, 0.02370534837245941, 0.028470201417803764, -0.054510004818439484, -0.00896645151078701, 0.021610664203763008, 0.033177830278873444, 0.042757727205753326, 0.06835250556468964, 0.029169967398047447, -0.014279398135840893, -0.03664851933717728, 0.05275394767522812, 0.06037629768252373, -0.07782111316919327, -0.01776996999979019, -0.015359182842075825, -0.02045874297618866, -0.058761294931173325, -0.05031070485711098, -0.017138764262199402, -0.012370730750262737, -0.035132791846990585, 0.03669191151857376, -0.01132959220558405, 0.010803849436342716, 0.016993632540106773, -0.0037177742924541235, -0.02503722533583641, -0.05898110941052437, -0.06106795370578766, 0.00028963020304217935, 0.03750268742442131, -0.03339334949851036, 0.02816913090646267, 0.0263470821082592, 0.024935195222496986, -0.02525569498538971, -0.0070167225785553455, -0.07898395508527756, 0.014079106040298939, 0.07405703514814377, -0.03825102001428604, 0.05233227089047432, -0.046554163098335266, 0.008744015358388424, 0.051549121737480164, 0.003020884934812784, -0.01492422353476286, -0.014198141172528267, -0.03231985867023468, 0.014822762459516525, 0.04818900674581528, -0.021494800224900246, 0.00032475750776939094, -0.062233816832304, -0.02677752822637558, 0.018995868042111397, -0.00003474553159321658, 0.02970079332590103, -0.03098597563803196, 0.015332264825701714, 0.012521618977189064, -0.024466905742883682, 0.040497347712516785, -0.005476700142025948, 0.03821880370378494, -0.03612491488456726, -0.03700032830238342, 0.018199404701590538, 0.015240955166518688, -0.02360842376947403, 0.0605953112244606, -0.0013766693882644176, -0.029116438701748848, 0.03254381939768791, -0.05323874205350876, 0.042866967618465424, -0.012150377035140991, -0.04538390785455704, -0.0526847317814827, 0.029018627479672432, 0.003424105467274785, -0.07471165806055069, -0.035435449331998825, 0.0246420931071043, 0.02562067285180092, 0.03993711620569229, 0.04602848365902901, -0.0033341937232762575, -0.0483553521335125, 0.019823357462882996, 0.024961072951555252, 0.040573619306087494, -0.06580344587564468, -0.06064556911587715, -0.006359547842293978, 0.002770529594272375, 0.0025207451544702053, 0.04294061288237572, -0.02801908738911152, -0.020533375442028046, 0.061060067266225815, -0.009471803903579712, 0.06075797975063324, 0.06779275089502335, -0.11101331561803818, -0.018524859100580215, 0.011187280528247356, -0.026058383285999298, 0.03096677176654339, -0.05291750282049179, 0.011038246564567089, -0.040028706192970276, -0.023130133748054504, -0.03964440897107124, -0.0384259857237339, 0.030753837898373604, 0.040424566715955734, 0.0017192234518006444, 0.016285371035337448, 0.048652514815330505, 0.02198966033756733, 0.007828854955732822, -0.024516331031918526, -0.023955626413226128, -0.01324545405805111, 0.053920965641736984, -0.02973211742937565, -0.04093103110790253, 0.03568824380636215, -0.02500770427286625, 0.023923823609948158, 0.0824170634150505, -0.026567433029413223, -0.011816425248980522, 0.06551937758922577, -0.03669615462422371, 0.03343359753489494, -0.06400614976882935, 0.004702813923358917, 0.001991609111428261, -0.008096420206129551, -0.02792106382548809, -0.012747082859277725, 0.035708632320165634, 0.04785486310720444, -0.059752654284238815, 0.031671371310949326, 0.04846695065498352, -0.018147118389606476, -0.12142815440893173, 0.04003079980611801, 0.020559005439281464, -0.009990307502448559, -0.06446440517902374, 0.06060592457652092, -0.035237234085798264, 0.019332928583025932, 0.0000794790466898121, 0.029821718111634254, -0.004048746079206467, 0.012055618688464165, 0.012714151293039322, 0.024694425985217094, 0.01073892880231142, 0.03597589209675789, -0.0006554669234901667, 0.0870937630534172, 0.06698515266180038, -0.09231434017419815, 0.029990043491125107, -0.03328102454543114, 0.0007303440943360329, -0.05056396499276161, -0.0576837919652462, 0.0393097810447216, -0.03465447947382927, -0.007806374225765467, 0.04024611786007881, 0.011875477619469166, -0.02284594252705574, -0.005855696275830269, -0.01662978157401085, 0.021504435688257217, -0.006613036151975393, -0.0072958809323608875, -0.019714294001460075, -0.03256138414144516, -0.05878068879246712, 0.0169499721378088, -0.07163725793361664, 0.02081446908414364, -0.03091127797961235, -0.04773432016372681, 0.0493914894759655, -0.0011995184468105435, -0.054061152040958405, 0.017718292772769928, 0.05737610161304474, 0.044050801545381546, 0.0074479482136666775, -0.027539320290088654, 0.03964310884475708, -0.007677851710468531, -0.007949878461658955, -0.031073061749339104, 0.020338034257292747, 0.03580759838223457, -0.0030632971320301294, -0.0055143143981695175, -0.012420713901519775, -0.001873429981060326, -0.029880624264478683, -0.04300105944275856, -0.012286868877708912, 0.04522565007209778, 0.03592903912067413, -0.00012267869897186756, -0.06357140094041824, -0.01612679846584797, -0.0030508346389979124, -0.06049530580639839, -0.034156542271375656, -0.02513880655169487, -0.05915534123778343, -0.06947652995586395, -0.03784441575407982, -0.011187202297151089, -0.048333171755075455, 0.014027450233697891, 0.014898949302732944, 0.046245332807302475, -0.026898778975009918, -0.015038051642477512, 0.010154422372579575, 0.007047966122627258, 0.018887246027588844, -0.020776212215423584, 0.08430573344230652, -0.04940364882349968, 0.04107454791665077, -0.0006607358809560537, 0.005538247991353273, -0.03561290353536606, 0.06185203045606613, -0.026342613622546196, 0.017596492543816566, -0.022058766335248947, -0.07392099499702454, 0.0074935550801455975, 0.051689326763153076, -0.04765750467777252, -0.015259012579917908, -0.022535715252161026, 0.037748370319604874, -0.006147006060928106, 0.003162992186844349, -0.037527598440647125, 0.02513526938855648, 0.013454076834022999, -0.01485257688909769, 0.05075455084443092, -0.04914139211177826, 0.03646280989050865, -0.010081346146762371, 0.005580402910709381, -0.006522131152451038, -0.06300776451826096, -0.009156078100204468, 0.0312829315662384 ]
<p>Eq (1.137) in Negele and Orland gives the following identity for a normal-ordered operator $A(a_i^\dagger,a_i)$:</p> <p>$$\langle \phi|A(a_i^\dagger,a_i)|\phi'\rangle=A(\phi_i^*,\phi'_i)e^{\sum \phi_i^*\phi'_i}$$</p> <p>For the coherent (boson) states $|\phi\rangle=e^{\sum\phi_ia^\dagger_i}|0\rangle $. When I try to prove this I get a factor of 1/2 in the exponent. I'm going to take a simple example $A=a_i^\dagger a_i$ to try and find my mistake. First I define $\eta'=\sum \phi'_ia_i^\dagger$, and use the identity</p> <p>$$a_i\eta'^n=n\phi'_i\eta'^{n-1}+\eta'^n a_i.$$</p> <p>Then I can show</p> <p>$$a_i|\phi'\rangle=(e^{\eta'}a_i+\phi'_ie^{\eta'})|0\rangle$$</p> <p>One term of which kills the vacuum so I have shown</p> <p>$$\langle \phi |a^\dagger_i a_i|\phi'\rangle=\langle 0| \phi^*_i\phi'_ie^{\eta^*}e^{\eta'}|0\rangle$$</p> <p>Then I want to use the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorf formula. The commutator </p> <p>\begin{equation} [\eta^*,\eta']=[\sum\phi^*_ia_i,\sum\phi_ja^\dagger_j]=\sum[\phi^*_ia_i,\phi_i'a_i^\dagger]+\sum_{i\neq j}[\phi^*_ia_i,\phi_ja^\dagger_j]=\sum\phi_i^*\phi'_i,\qquad (1) \end{equation} and when you commute everything through the second term and kill the vacuum. Since this is a scalar, the BCH formula gives</p> <p>$$\ln(e^{\eta^*}e^{\eta'})=\eta^*+\eta'+\frac{1}{2}\sum\phi_i^*\phi_i'$$</p> <p>Rearrange the sum, exponentiate, kill some more vacuum and I get the right expression but with a factor of 1/2!</p> <p>What am I doing wrong? My first guess is in equation (1), maybe there is some dobule-counting I don't see but you can write things like</p> <p>$$[\sum,\sum]=[1,\sum]+[2,\sum]+...=[1,1]+[1,\sum_{\neq 1}]+[2,2]+[2,\sum_{\neq 2}]+...$$ $$=\sum[i,i]+\sum_{i\neq j}[i,j].$$</p>
g4574
[ -0.02752717025578022, -0.03196173161268234, 0.004439297132194042, 0.012061377055943012, 0.06250239163637161, -0.03598736226558685, 0.04641176760196686, 0.015263919718563557, 0.050120387226343155, 0.00430724024772644, -0.06088775768876076, 0.016177723184227943, 0.020525677129626274, 0.02883169986307621, -0.016778435558080673, 0.015713458880782127, 0.023287206888198853, 0.007753279060125351, 0.027677908539772034, -0.0035510018933564425, -0.05719868466258049, 0.028019849210977554, 0.033815108239650726, -0.07401657849550247, 0.09960202872753143, -0.02214600332081318, 0.06252671778202057, 0.00866716168820858, -0.06420177221298218, -0.038579538464546204, 0.009527516551315784, 0.06105813384056091, -0.014907757751643658, 0.004395242314785719, -0.03745037689805031, -0.00991748832166195, 0.07802698761224747, 0.06531969457864761, 0.043510064482688904, -0.013701902702450752, -0.03677507862448692, 0.03506173565983772, 0.03633328527212143, -0.023436080664396286, -0.021480200812220573, 0.015803394839167595, -0.020352544263005257, -0.012176111340522766, -0.02779175341129303, -0.05038296803832054, -0.0016025315271690488, 0.001853106077760458, 0.05434669181704521, -0.029791973531246185, -0.03388907387852669, 0.07663172483444214, -0.027758078649640083, -0.09617330133914948, 0.007388127036392689, 0.055163733661174774, -0.02449379302561283, -0.08212579041719437, 0.04832698777318001, -0.020209399983286858, 0.025736110284924507, -0.007704231888055801, -0.0000011657583627311396, 0.046072959899902344, -0.01967943087220192, -0.038892727345228195, -0.03433747962117195, -0.06482808291912079, 0.046718910336494446, -0.01778663508594036, -0.011727932840585709, 0.016681278124451637, 0.0016617841320112348, -0.015842968598008156, 0.023425579071044922, -0.0035434369929134846, -0.03963260352611542, -0.03603924810886383, -0.009603678248822689, 0.06056174635887146, 0.010728457011282444, -0.05532269924879074, 0.016203923150897026, -0.02215864509344101, 0.03935990855097771, -0.026876196265220642, -0.021281719207763672, -0.004860051441937685, -0.002001109067350626, 0.04704599827528, 0.024848340079188347, -0.0164367463439703, 0.018227286636829376, 0.0540173202753067, -0.029941154643893242, 0.0007750465883873403, -0.03709984943270683, 0.015102693811058998, -0.031990356743335724, -0.07383272796869278, 0.021503295749425888, 0.006124460604041815, 0.0477229543030262, -0.04535742849111557, -0.054776281118392944, -0.009392458014190197, -0.02427194081246853, -0.04105005040764809, -0.0574965700507164, -0.04350036755204201, 0.02759549953043461, 0.02984662353992462, 0.0006419166456907988, -0.006305421702563763, -0.00845961831510067, 0.03114817477762699, 0.00567441014572978, -0.03215000405907631, 0.021166913211345673, 0.004350943490862846, -0.00419347919523716, -0.026817459613084793, 0.021921880543231964, 0.041231703013181686, 0.056233249604701996, 0.06802106648683548, -0.02084595151245594, -0.027325160801410675, 0.024092689156532288, 0.06433812528848648, 0.021391097456216812, 0.029876770451664925, 0.030888574197888374, 0.012356340885162354, 0.03176853060722351, -0.05292845517396927, 0.002924867207184434, 0.009026280604302883, 0.008862310089170933, -0.0000985250881058164, -0.006479539442807436, -0.018256645649671555, 0.007266641594469547, -0.05069351941347122, -0.009826436638832092, 0.006799227092415094, -0.024628719314932823, 0.033575475215911865, -0.02434854581952095, 0.010677408427000046, -0.006892476696521044, 0.03878729045391083, 0.03086911141872406, -0.017939778044819832, -0.0621240958571434, 0.0017586760222911835, -0.04006197676062584, 0.02546899951994419, -0.00409064581617713, 0.05270539969205856, -0.028883211314678192, -0.0077391681261360645, 0.043383412063121796, -0.03808686509728432, -0.014392812736332417, -0.014397951774299145, 0.016977345570921898, 0.03593479469418526, 0.0717199444770813, -0.0008338092593476176, 0.07297103852033615, 0.06654351949691772, -0.030955424532294273, 0.051533959805965424, 0.03189476951956749, 0.015992777422070503, -0.00679418770596385, 0.028378169983625412, 0.0528460294008255, 0.006764077115803957, -0.030771715566515923, 0.03541308641433716, -0.03332066535949707, 0.030360421165823936, -0.01031283475458622, 0.04007516801357269, 0.014614523388445377, 0.07657438516616821, -0.04002666100859642, 0.037644896656274796, -0.025102488696575165, 0.012850544415414333, -0.03479992598295212, -0.08717943727970123, 0.015123717486858368, -0.03130048140883446, -0.02762037329375744, -0.002261308953166008, 0.008801787160336971, 0.006975085008889437, -0.002299490151926875, -0.0895063653588295, 0.012345288880169392, -0.009737899526953697, 0.007565786130726337, -0.008747493848204613, 0.02693081460893154, -0.05051753669977188, -0.048554688692092896, 0.0630415603518486, 0.03622298315167427, -0.030038341879844666, 0.01982252672314644, -0.03654766455292702, -0.03719398379325867, -0.0032840489875525236, -0.030894050374627113, -0.009792398661375046, 0.02669348195195198, -0.05747424066066742, -0.03169970586895943, 0.0024940967559814453, 0.032828688621520996, 0.010951487347483635, -0.027285365387797356, -0.02296340838074684, -0.0582999624311924, 0.024076316505670547, -0.04731741547584534, -0.07164610922336578, 0.025112565606832504, -0.0016574794426560402, 0.016316263005137444, 0.00970515888184309, 0.05730224773287773, 0.07867896556854248, -0.047310106456279755, -0.040538251399993896, -0.028472239151597023, -0.0016676897648721933, -0.025864779949188232, 0.005602346733212471, 0.0111182676628232, -0.007304356899112463, -0.013874534517526627, 0.04380934685468674, -0.012294597923755646, -0.039622899144887924, -0.0033257766626775265, 0.006517072673887014, 0.01394153106957674, -0.028131194412708282, 0.007397728506475687, -0.015586026012897491, 0.0439193993806839, 0.06650970131158829, -0.013449699617922306, -0.04083701968193054, 0.015630794689059258, 0.061370860785245895, -0.06218281388282776, -0.039454586803913116, -0.05000859498977661, 0.024775011464953423, 0.05523580685257912, 0.009768151678144932, -0.002542132046073675, -0.00045675813453271985, -0.007861698977649212, 0.03052123263478279, -0.045630402863025665, -0.033184174448251724, 0.00773158622905612, -0.012571379542350769, 0.05663137137889862, 0.024485116824507713, -0.02828681282699108, 0.04381275177001953, -0.04337715357542038, 0.013837866485118866, -0.004147369414567947, -0.007389761507511139, 0.007893945090472698, 0.047085557132959366, -0.02115059643983841, 0.029045403003692627, 0.010817324742674828, 0.03153182938694954, -0.008046346716582775, -0.01026324275881052, 0.0066610523499548435, 0.01595449075102806, -0.006934349425137043, -0.03476935625076294, 0.052952904254198074, 0.04011973366141319, 0.05417300760746002, -0.0278677549213171, 0.007122301030904055, -0.026316698640584946, -0.01584876887500286, -0.03266734629869461, -0.02738482877612114, -0.05764024332165718, 0.05855163186788559, 0.0030284458771348, 0.014313099905848503, 0.02239723689854145, -0.021269796416163445, -0.02788776345551014, 0.038876019418239594, 0.010477040894329548, -0.013578949496150017, -0.027721602469682693, 0.02504413016140461, -0.01631283573806286, -0.05483821779489517, -0.05507345870137215, -0.0015980454627424479, -0.030970796942710876, -0.010645025409758091, -0.002545426832512021, -0.08074144273996353, 0.021802421659231186, -0.044165417551994324, -0.024611175060272217, -0.013901080936193466, 0.003964316565543413, 0.026566844433546066, -0.044433917850255966, -0.0533444918692112, -0.040742747485637665, 0.014615118503570557, 0.029252618551254272, 0.0232646856456995, 0.02104465290904045, 0.008229922503232956, -0.030358653515577316, 0.03695591166615486, 0.02799607627093792, -0.03325965255498886, -0.07211115211248398, 0.005049474071711302, 0.06556280702352524, 0.018369443714618683, 0.009620945900678635, 0.010655786842107773, -0.0013116258196532726, 0.055295947939157486, 0.002691184636205435, -0.04449913650751114, 0.0013343276223167777, 0.027226831763982773, -0.02990756928920746, 0.03863966092467308, -0.007002969738095999, 0.029058916494250298, -0.014434301294386387, -0.03390062227845192, -0.00037153298035264015, 0.02248435840010643, 0.006178405601531267, 0.01754176616668701, 0.048297930508852005, -0.002864518901333213, 0.03333449736237526, 0.012995248660445213, 0.027524683624505997, 0.020960733294487, -0.027173416689038277, -0.006649472285062075, -0.02839067578315735, 0.005801022052764893, 0.029376721009612083, 0.03161303699016571, 0.025250107049942017, 0.01983499713242054, -0.028499877080321312, 0.00983973778784275, -0.03912702947854996, -0.0016248739557340741, 0.03769202530384064, -0.014066246338188648, -0.04811982810497284, 0.0511811263859272, -0.028090106323361397, 0.03204171359539032, 0.01519110519438982, 0.0037187128327786922, 0.02414035238325596, 0.055792927742004395, 0.025487393140792847, -0.018433423712849617, 0.006551101803779602, -0.11516115069389343, 0.027020419016480446, 0.014187929220497608, -0.06565608829259872, 0.04401072487235069, 0.00946775171905756, -0.029904456809163094, 0.010536485351622105, 0.04398362711071968, 0.015108908526599407, 0.020008055493235588, -0.040295056998729706, -0.042796988040208817, 0.0073453024961054325, -0.025506986305117607, 0.0069631473161280155, 0.003896981943398714, -0.04181132838129997, 0.06360195577144623, 0.010209362022578716, -0.03533351793885231, 0.0017642203019931912, 0.048021793365478516, -0.0014402685919776559, -0.04690167307853699, -0.04125802591443062, -0.007484322879463434, 0.07342991977930069, 0.008362486027181149, 0.01384861208498478, 0.026647528633475304, -0.0011304243234917521, -0.009260803461074829, 0.06562362611293793, -0.010890770703554153, 0.06221384182572365, -0.029035523533821106, -0.0007558189099654555, -0.0657636895775795, 0.015246258117258549, 0.015402909368276596, 0.08472581952810287, -0.02512321248650551, -0.0335809551179409, -0.05327962711453438, -0.019911354407668114, 0.060043562203645706, -0.012102361768484116, -0.01123142708092928, -0.07117872685194016, 0.019078070297837257, -0.02696388214826584, 0.007193567231297493, 0.05727892369031906, 0.02142498828470707, -0.04097334295511246, 0.04264020919799805, -0.0013113290769979358, -0.019461434334516525, -0.01472546812146902, 0.020181434229016304, -0.016401851549744606, -0.0036505276802927256, -0.022994011640548706, 0.030339978635311127, -0.018664168193936348, 0.048904482275247574, 0.06366374343633652, -0.04309162497520447, 0.024109192192554474, 0.02249119244515896, -0.05903278663754463, 0.07784219831228256, 0.02229437418282032, 0.016963347792625427, -0.05190938711166382, -0.022292492911219597, 0.0306867528706789, -0.006872450467199087, 0.0058236271142959595, -0.06950188428163528, 0.06690116971731186, -0.008405810222029686, -0.04624522849917412, -0.03633759543299675, -0.010867170058190823, -0.014936462976038456, 0.017035966739058495, -0.006444993894547224, 0.02698052115738392, 0.008362611755728722, -0.02826600708067417, 0.020598817616701126, -0.0041068256832659245, 0.01758543588221073, -0.03471949324011803, -0.012872938066720963, -0.010301700793206692, 0.02063686028122902, -0.03541946038603783, 0.00374258472584188, 0.08256673067808151, -0.08060678094625473, 0.04558773338794708, -0.004790592007339001, 0.0129594337195158, 0.0011255786521360278, 0.0063781291246414185, 0.026906238868832588, 0.06167146936058998, 0.022334197536110878, 0.023691391572356224, 0.000021415344235720113, -0.05314194783568382, 0.0790330320596695, -0.01940305344760418, 0.02483079768717289, 0.02273756079375744, -0.006245066877454519, -0.0032162212301045656, -0.05929640308022499, -0.03167073428630829, 0.023414548486471176, 0.03326431289315224, 0.021222278475761414, 0.008514022454619408, -0.018252070993185043, 0.026505019515752792, -0.04966389015316963, -0.1138966828584671, -0.023637354373931885, -0.003659767098724842, -0.008586941286921501, 0.027804860845208168, -0.004503507167100906, -0.03837623819708824, 0.06370776891708374, -0.022488411515951157, -0.04436322674155235, 0.02831958793103695, -0.029885126277804375, -0.03581659495830536, 0.009905309416353703, -0.022583745419979095, -0.024303961545228958, 0.004458528943359852, -0.015422041527926922, 0.014159058220684528, -0.02806946262717247, -0.0357457771897316, 0.06836919486522675, -0.008277501910924911, -0.012903057970106602, -0.005414208397269249, -0.016627373173832893, -0.045596037060022354, 0.023749317973852158, 0.01708459109067917, 0.05143464729189873, -0.007151538506150246, -0.05768854543566704, 0.008472882211208344, 0.009775840677320957, 0.005311897490173578, 0.004659214988350868, 0.0049769156612455845, 0.004513928666710854, -0.03989402949810028, 0.04888595640659332, 0.03830384090542793, -0.043387170881032944, 0.013888007961213589, -0.00930052436888218, 0.012390214018523693, -0.04567984491586685, -0.0235027726739645, 0.053512729704380035, 0.06349704414606094, -0.09045267105102539, -0.07710397243499756, -0.011553308926522732, 0.006090868730098009, -0.042938437312841415, -0.00971412193030119, 0.034840166568756104, -0.03612159565091133, -0.04613456130027771, 0.04943821579217911, -0.03253776207566261, -0.023607956245541573, 0.07646418362855911, 0.01496866811066866, -0.029584908857941628, 0.012804490514099598, -0.0285573098808527, -0.017027564346790314, -0.026070380583405495, 0.0643668845295906, 0.03979916498064995, 0.006384271662682295, -0.015437841415405273, 0.005239055957645178, 0.045187123119831085, 0.0013935539172962308, 0.007073818705976009, -0.012425431981682777, -0.07253679633140564, 0.04196763411164284, -0.09277839213609695, 0.053753312677145004, -0.03011253848671913, 0.03679092600941658, -0.004410355817526579, 0.0034405833575874567, 0.009062574245035648, -0.013668905012309551, -0.03986581787467003, -0.025854500010609627, 0.017597438767552376, 0.057684049010276794, 0.009276018477976322, 0.05448843166232109, 0.044302795082330704, -0.023836825042963028, 0.006540203467011452, 0.030554428696632385, 0.03580239415168762, 0.00574658066034317, -0.021588729694485664, -0.0155029296875, 0.027636542916297913, 0.016237255185842514, 0.007420450448989868, 0.004477237816900015, -0.04992740601301193, 0.0020863956306129694, 0.004008921328932047, -0.04287908226251602, -0.04897971823811531, 0.08443725854158401, 0.005732299294322729, 0.06057558208703995, -0.05780074745416641, 0.04526380077004433, 0.050244979560375214, -0.03386273607611656, -0.06743375211954117, 0.028552010655403137, 0.006119200959801674, 0.022312356159090996, -0.06124197691679001, 0.008893236517906189, 0.0063899727538228035, 0.022500023245811462, 0.036774396896362305, 0.029904680326581, 0.020894745364785194, -0.025639034807682037, 0.09263887256383896, 0.037772100418806076, -0.017573660239577293, -0.015681494027376175, -0.006677411496639252, 0.03657227009534836, 0.001728129805997014, 0.007714873179793358, 0.0052478983998298645, -0.01180721540004015, 0.01568884775042534, -0.012733069248497486, 0.06937915086746216, -0.025955554097890854, -0.004641697276383638, -0.03963608667254448, -0.046575650572776794, -0.007844208739697933, -0.051598697900772095, 0.03154531866312027, 0.03158948943018913, 0.043633848428726196, -0.013547418639063835, -0.0054051848128438, 0.021501749753952026, 0.02143058367073536, -0.029543213546276093, -0.02034641243517399, -0.0014834613539278507, 0.07286009192466736, -0.012702872976660728, 0.0018371762707829475, 0.09394338726997375, 0.028203334659337997, 0.007659628055989742, -0.018897753208875656, 0.05245533213019371, 0.0051402500830590725, 0.03620960935950279, 0.008209124207496643, -0.04669306427240372, 0.00960802473127842, 0.010300356894731522, 0.030073590576648712, 0.029082853347063065, -0.0035092567559331656, -0.020858656615018845, -0.07046524435281754, -0.05346705764532089, 0.002476033754646778, 0.040982820093631744, 0.014173301868140697, 0.01730588637292385, 0.016638869419693947, -0.01616423949599266, -0.02825196459889412, -0.04484489560127258, -0.011523805558681488, 0.03576695919036865, -0.027406243607401848, -0.053013406693935394, -0.02032153680920601, 0.004618144128471613, 0.004804190248250961, -0.019818169996142387, 0.005853953771293163, -0.0299368966370821, 0.005418061278760433, -0.028473366051912308, -0.05654364824295044, -0.028936706483364105, 0.0153629370033741, -0.0019060273189097643, 0.05629512295126915, -0.018522633239626884, -0.0821906179189682, -0.07090426981449127, -0.0270487442612648, -0.00601796293631196, -0.0651414543390274, 0.01748218946158886, -0.06476319581270218, 0.041909679770469666, -0.02685587853193283, -0.025746045634150505, -0.04421262815594673, 0.009451506659388542, -0.03105238266289234, 0.05867096036672592, -0.09555554389953613, -0.026755718514323235, -0.02057386189699173, 0.03713726997375488, 0.012213988229632378, 0.03760095685720444, 0.0279111098498106, -0.04235977679491043, 0.052609361708164215, 0.07827030122280121, -0.015340288169682026, 0.08069951087236404, 0.029742499813437462, 0.03715277463197708, 0.00954990740865469, -0.01623714156448841, -0.05625376105308533, -0.03590483218431473, 0.01882726326584816, -0.06940023601055145, -0.06385008245706558, 0.012330192141234875, 0.006880918983370066 ]
<p>Can we generate a pulse , transmit it and after that can we record it's response time ?</p> <p>I am curious because I want to know that is it possible to make a mapping device (like SLAM) which uses this technique. I have done a little search but didn't get the satisfying result . If any one has any idea about this or where I can get more knowledge about it please share it.</p>
g4575
[ 0.0101978350430727, 0.007125662174075842, 0.005650822073221207, 0.0067213596776127815, 0.0039772214367985725, -0.02506675012409687, 0.03485889360308647, 0.03755710646510124, 0.015240930952131748, -0.02216937020421028, -0.05530787631869316, 0.04141081124544144, 0.051151055842638016, -0.015023530460894108, -0.0534946508705616, -0.06933408975601196, 0.08301489055156708, -0.014242292381823063, -0.019117996096611023, 0.030847208574414253, 0.05034615471959114, 0.008369163610041142, -0.023042647168040276, -0.01935591921210289, -0.04557810723781586, -0.02789866365492344, 0.036096639931201935, 0.009210126474499702, -0.07546620815992355, -0.00406233686953783, -0.026581408455967903, -0.0564400888979435, 0.014178555458784103, 0.03285142406821251, -0.01084472332149744, -0.018683940172195435, -0.078364297747612, -0.05834810808300972, 0.009605765342712402, 0.033299900591373444, 0.002767168218269944, -0.055532071739435196, 0.043463826179504395, 0.015843423083424568, 0.01165550947189331, 0.007399783469736576, 0.04583950340747833, -0.00210889196023345, 0.01762293465435505, -0.029880767688155174, -0.050659023225307465, -0.048369698226451874, 0.013222083449363708, -0.010461624711751938, 0.033377889543771744, 0.01792992651462555, -0.00804633367806673, -0.014120281673967838, 0.05752639099955559, -0.032126303762197495, -0.023470474407076836, -0.013686064630746841, 0.01959666982293129, 0.04086550697684288, 0.0859612450003624, -0.013015319593250751, -0.045975640416145325, 0.012224216014146805, -0.05774373188614845, 0.05664718523621559, 0.005558705423027277, -0.006800447124987841, -0.03568154200911522, -0.049351319670677185, 0.07813713699579239, -0.0006855326937511563, 0.05110126733779907, -0.04983007162809372, -0.02995976246893406, 0.06271356344223022, -0.0022255168296396732, -0.020075133070349693, -0.026773249730467796, -0.02763465791940689, 0.06565318256616592, -0.02146020159125328, 0.009012945927679539, 0.01269647479057312, -0.005708164069801569, 0.012734496034681797, 0.008566692471504211, -0.017363404855132103, 0.09379725158214569, 0.010515334084630013, 0.00020833547750953585, 0.02641092799603939, -0.059032004326581955, 0.04754621908068657, 0.03947245329618454, 0.03603878617286682, -0.018845155835151672, -0.025180354714393616, 0.01859675720334053, -0.02574160322546959, -0.024028651416301727, -0.03682960942387581, 0.008534364402294159, -0.03770209103822708, 0.006649128161370754, -0.03281955420970917, 0.004848420154303312, -0.05517243221402168, 0.010280949994921684, 0.05967926234006882, -0.03686414659023285, -0.02310432307422161, 0.041429415345191956, 0.005356824491173029, -0.03039279766380787, 0.07044968008995056, 0.032959915697574615, -0.03314261510968208, -0.07884534448385239, 0.00327923777513206, 0.022336723282933235, 0.0494147352874279, 0.003442055080085993, 0.004219500347971916, 0.01640426553785801, 0.06509554386138916, -0.005876405164599419, 0.009156264364719391, -0.0509585477411747, 0.046636078506708145, 0.0051787244156003, 0.046536870300769806, 0.014086776413023472, -0.007276721764355898, 0.002023163018748164, 0.03347393497824669, -0.0020638678688555956, -0.08202724158763885, -0.03598150238394737, -0.020717734470963478, 0.01438415702432394, 0.0513397715985775, 0.01186890248209238, -0.018424639478325844, 0.02493978850543499, 0.033132102340459824, -0.017932001501321793, -0.0031352464575320482, -0.012480242177844048, 0.0039013500791043043, 0.06644843518733978, 0.020070264115929604, -0.03397412970662117, -0.04293882101774216, -0.012583255767822266, 0.010077516548335552, -0.008023313246667385, -0.03954184427857399, 0.0078014200553298, 0.009381101466715336, 0.01541565079241991, -0.0620230995118618, 0.03702949360013008, -0.0012719467049464583, 0.03759642317891121, -0.0726771205663681, -0.020303094759583473, 0.008414420299232006, -0.006498085800558329, -0.002743672812357545, 0.06605333834886551, 0.01400113943964243, -0.026347585022449493, -0.006928862072527409, 0.016888249665498734, -0.01581752300262451, -0.05137968063354492, -0.0004697296826634556, -0.059402212500572205, -0.05616816133260727, 0.010162970051169395, 0.03244590386748314, 0.000297253456665203, -0.03340675309300423, -0.02840665727853775, -0.005869959481060505, -0.048400573432445526, -0.06804422289133072, -0.023712974041700363, 0.012672617100179195, 0.0003411043144296855, 0.00886996928602457, 0.03993390500545502, -0.0655067190527916, 0.036665141582489014, 0.022963477298617363, 0.023858243599534035, -0.0010560735827311873, 0.07288084924221039, -0.015957657247781754, 0.016505658626556396, -0.03919102996587753, 0.01877201534807682, -0.018065577372908592, -0.021678831428289413, 0.018706031143665314, 0.05385243520140648, 0.04066234454512596, 0.006946953944861889, 0.02896873466670513, -0.017723167315125465, -0.023277536034584045, -0.013125993311405182, 0.011030284687876701, 0.07778806984424591, -0.011900963261723518, -0.008947317488491535, 0.024541212245821953, 0.018271470442414284, -0.02525087632238865, -0.059979528188705444, 0.02226794883608818, -0.031804122030735016, -0.006056979764252901, -0.04705627262592316, 0.04617473483085632, 0.0004183406999800354, -0.030073633417487144, 0.023856637999415398, -0.08171236515045166, 0.014573866501450539, 0.06686193495988846, 0.005631124600768089, 0.04596460983157158, -0.05775459483265877, -0.00794567633420229, -0.02614673413336277, -0.06933736801147461, -0.0063987174071371555, 0.012662854976952076, -0.012771728448569775, -0.05568932741880417, 0.02667473629117012, 0.02845597080886364, 0.015162122435867786, 0.010621354915201664, -0.032384730875492096, -0.04251920431852341, -0.04070734977722168, -0.042709313333034515, -0.010217824950814247, -0.08711335808038712, 0.07856733351945877, 0.03081088326871395, -0.06046512350440025, -0.04677221179008484, -0.015706421807408333, 0.01141776330769062, -0.008023874834179878, 0.003874602960422635, -0.015278935432434082, -0.040507785975933075, 0.025175048038363457, 0.03817057982087135, -0.009984314441680908, 0.0471331886947155, -0.04129169508814812, -0.0063540143892169, 0.040874600410461426, 0.048854805529117584, -0.033383559435606, 0.012790657579898834, 0.044699978083372116, -0.041545044630765915, 0.02707863040268421, -0.02878965437412262, -0.05268167704343796, -0.0548018217086792, -0.06916721165180206, 0.03784601017832756, -0.01826978102326393, -0.07463274896144867, -0.003314586356282234, 0.04618750140070915, -0.010348338633775711, 0.04576469212770462, -0.037045806646347046, -0.05334000289440155, 0.0020498509984463453, 0.03947500139474869, -0.09198696166276932, 0.06077279895544052, 0.07490505278110504, -0.031753119081258774, 0.09706804156303406, 0.005672122351825237, 0.027438193559646606, -0.018074695020914078, 0.035575419664382935, -0.030305691063404083, 0.04882209748029709, -0.023549756035208702, -0.03470316901803017, -0.035122793167829514, -0.01310206949710846, 0.0762651190161705, 0.012873167172074318, 0.04929319769144058, -0.037338826805353165, 0.011853999458253384, 0.009495592676103115, 0.004446332808583975, -0.002012111945077777, 0.002252087462693453, 0.012089035473763943, 0.011049898341298103, -0.030243556946516037, -0.08915604650974274, -0.020553700625896454, 0.004138809163123369, 0.015184727497398853, 0.04508025571703911, -0.0289156474173069, 0.017673976719379425, -0.03063647449016571, -0.0017081140540540218, 0.0021069361828267574, 0.023650700226426125, 0.004536019638180733, -0.006161625497043133, 0.0014930329052731395, -0.03614482656121254, -0.03992109000682831, 0.058545175939798355, 0.032879140228033066, 0.020906411111354828, -0.007961394265294075, -0.017945054918527603, -0.04439996927976608, -0.020323719829320908, 0.01210203766822815, 0.050416022539138794, -0.03338199481368065, 0.024714186787605286, -0.00893942080438137, -0.047758325934410095, 0.05378815531730652, 0.03096020594239235, 0.00547608220949769, -0.034902431070804596, 0.04091738536953926, 0.05639827996492386, 0.01692158170044422, 0.0503828302025795, -0.031379323452711105, -0.06410018354654312, -0.03610420972108841, 0.016297413036227226, 0.05749455466866493, 0.011639394797384739, 0.01987849548459053, 0.017520872876048088, 0.03697850555181503, 0.0521509125828743, -0.013898387551307678, 0.011057237163186073, 0.029452072456479073, -0.07110680639743805, -0.01916544698178768, 0.010057471692562103, -0.010464408434927464, -0.056929830461740494, -0.013516003265976906, -0.0052562374621629715, -0.019625777378678322, 0.05823875963687897, -0.033320728689432144, 0.03588305786252022, 0.10176372528076172, -0.03830037638545036, 0.0009908381616696715, -0.0202683974057436, 0.020857760682702065, 0.00008610854274593294, -0.009723072871565819, -0.040810033679008484, 0.017478736117482185, -0.06815155595541, -0.04549098759889603, 0.031232213601469994, 0.031159231439232826, -0.01931721903383732, -0.03917897492647171, -0.028413688763976097, -0.04574836790561676, -0.0005054828361608088, 0.020015956833958626, 0.04458945617079735, 0.012628293596208096, -0.035986848175525665, -0.007624385412782431, -0.03920086473226547, 0.008730453439056873, -0.003025504993274808, -0.013323702849447727, -0.0345204658806324, -0.03646164759993553, -0.058272067457437515, -0.039485324174165726, -0.04490596801042557, 0.008924259804189205, 0.04506964609026909, 0.06749217212200165, 0.05764983966946602, 0.03903142735362053, 0.01471460796892643, -0.04227650538086891, 0.07671525329351425, 0.0027828975580632687, 0.010166187770664692, -0.053673382848501205, 0.04865375533699989, 0.023451197892427444, -0.046811461448669434, 0.03398624807596207, -0.019744984805583954, 0.04024564102292061, 0.01817270740866661, 0.048849329352378845, 0.049059852957725525, -0.001659795525483787, 0.004019950050860643, -0.01726042479276657, 0.005639431066811085, 0.03581515699625015, 0.03512059152126312, 0.031237715855240822, -0.06788576394319534, 0.037728678435087204, -0.027461029589176178, -0.03694281727075577, 0.09779098629951477, -0.04128633812069893, -0.054426159709692, -0.005362840369343758, -0.023975512012839317, 0.0062183537520468235, 0.023328540846705437, -0.010677901096642017, -0.034093547612428665, -0.0107443667948246, -0.0116619523614645, -0.018302466720342636, 0.01581306755542755, 0.04680512100458145, 0.0368804931640625, -0.011781716719269753, 0.008785570040345192, 0.029339082539081573, -0.008084384724497795, 0.014757906086742878, -0.027330415323376656, -0.05171147733926773, -0.021688437089323997, -0.06274175643920898, -0.05633675307035446, -0.0014148519840091467, -0.0167311392724514, 0.028049355372786522, 0.09276733547449112, -0.018345102667808533, -0.06502130627632141, 0.014869089238345623, -0.008406051434576511, 0.06662255525588989, -0.03166097775101662, -0.00651754392310977, 0.02115173265337944, -0.057743024080991745, -0.015873191878199577, 0.02886783331632614, 0.002487079706043005, -0.05790715292096138, 0.03266596049070358, 0.013177882879972458, -0.03240428864955902, 0.06271641701459885, 0.026436515152454376, 0.05043498054146767, -0.030110731720924377, 0.005238065496087074, -0.0636790469288826, 0.005585395265370607, -0.006540221627801657, -0.043124809861183167, -0.0021255798637866974, -0.028821879997849464, -0.029672497883439064, -0.02811814472079277, 0.037501685321331024, -0.020130986347794533, 0.008689026348292828, 0.00910878274589777, 0.02745503932237625, -0.028666509315371513, 0.013244669884443283, -0.0339936688542366, 0.0232158862054348, -0.07673147320747375, -0.024680044502019882, 0.007639595773071051, -0.05607997626066208, -0.032325442880392075, -0.00699453242123127, -0.021321678534150124, 0.035542912781238556, -0.005879803095012903, -0.026706505566835403, 0.09571628272533417, 0.0620405450463295, -0.02257927879691124, -0.011225415393710136, -0.036441002041101456, 0.030630655586719513, 0.03732403367757797, 0.0022540048230439425, 0.01428753137588501, -0.0028973801527172327, -0.01593318022787571, -0.06197081878781319, -0.019164826720952988, 0.0002537420950829983, 0.013865411281585693, 0.021646996960043907, 0.01582217775285244, -0.03286285325884819, -0.004565659444779158, -0.04646715521812439, 0.05907132849097252, 0.004304301925003529, 0.05002174153923988, -0.014145863242447376, 0.010308274999260902, 0.018924249336123466, -0.04988597705960274, -0.014884092845022678, 0.006910931784659624, 0.007019117474555969, -0.030986838042736053, -0.02786651812493801, 0.021569019183516502, 0.01668090932071209, -0.03548917546868324, -0.03950265049934387, 0.05007736012339592, -0.005232243798673153, 0.03390512987971306, 0.0422133170068264, 0.04330574721097946, 0.026582060381770134, 0.019445421174168587, -0.013394495472311974, 0.028606420382857323, 0.056645575910806656, 0.02648610807955265, 0.031823452562093735, 0.039564620703458786, -0.09056488424539566, -0.003464785637333989, -0.020150387659668922, -0.022179465740919113, -0.009845058433711529, 0.05219995230436325, 0.03384646028280258, 0.022573068737983704, 0.0018413260113447905, -0.04519106075167656, -0.0022044049110263586, 0.04037901386618614, 0.05373749881982803, 0.02929276041686535, -0.008841299451887608, 0.021158523857593536, 0.07498784363269806, -0.004588294308632612, -0.0084806177765131, -0.04130050167441368, -0.0053878105245530605, 0.021437853574752808, -0.023598700761795044, -0.010854439809918404, 0.04308407008647919, -0.010337213054299355, 0.014973794110119343, 0.04352937266230583, 0.048780351877212524, -0.07014673948287964, 0.002703859470784664, 0.002025032415986061, -0.03821235150098801, -0.07544088363647461, 0.03534586355090141, 0.024581683799624443, -0.007407959084957838, 0.06930951029062271, 0.007505679037421942, -0.06516699492931366, -0.030960753560066223, 0.031207984313368797, -0.016205769032239914, 0.008948348462581635, -0.018106114119291306, 0.030797505751252174, -0.06098885461688042, 0.034116197377443314, 0.022662514820694923, 0.024884384125471115, -0.011362572200596333, 0.02530471794307232, 0.009998248890042305, -0.016481827944517136, -0.011300885118544102, 0.019525282084941864, 0.02759678103029728, 0.017385469749569893, 0.009491329081356525, -0.010244124568998814, 0.0018504662439227104, -0.037163130939006805, 0.04569301754236221, -0.029604241251945496, 0.07749693840742111, -0.012021721340715885, 0.03161925449967384, 0.05201398581266403, -0.018188457936048508, 0.07231708616018295, 0.04459015652537346, -0.05614718049764633, 0.02254721336066723, -0.021631602197885513, 0.009506477043032646, 0.04156705364584923, 0.003487045643851161, -0.017319567501544952, -0.006661724299192429, -0.020112568512558937, -0.003520515514537692, -0.06813541054725647, -0.028968973085284233, -0.009305193088948727, 0.054607462137937546, 0.04155444726347923, 0.012984436936676502, -0.02357206866145134, -0.03225570172071457, -0.02117743529379368, -0.042819708585739136, -0.0445859357714653, -0.05684399604797363, 0.030807705596089363, -0.003459337865933776, -0.00999104231595993, -0.0027297213673591614, -0.017215272411704063, -0.023316901177167892, -0.004397975280880928, -0.005322066135704517, 0.026156118139624596, 0.026962976902723312, -0.004578657913953066, -0.04736555367708206, 0.03170660138130188, 0.043748125433921814, -0.051329806447029114, 0.005835096351802349, -0.04812188446521759, -0.05143698677420616, -0.01600046269595623, -0.017219847068190575, -0.012947877869009972, 0.04768335819244385, -0.07622113823890686, 0.015555066056549549, 0.0009273148025386035, -0.07282479852437973, -0.023410610854625702, 0.02915775775909424, 0.021742241457104683, 0.028583765029907227, 0.006852622143924236, -0.0019968654960393906, -0.029602574184536934, 0.040853966027498245, -0.048975612968206406, -0.0028563733212649822, -0.005935461260378361, 0.026505768299102783, 0.011179509572684765, 0.03842359036207199, 0.018157031387090683, -0.043151505291461945, -0.010780688375234604, -0.027423642575740814, 0.001729526906274259, -0.03309701010584831, -0.005887462757527828, 0.02134973183274269, -0.050021082162857056, 0.03617656230926514, -0.026225430890917778, 0.028009427711367607, -0.007612212561070919, 0.05857697129249573, 0.010926461778581142, 0.032320719212293625, 0.0429832823574543, 0.014017116278409958, 0.019338270649313927, -0.005728399381041527, 0.022184252738952637, -0.00913641694933176, -0.0006246480625122786, 0.01374967209994793, 0.028394334018230438, -0.003856436815112829, 0.07700656354427338, 0.000826613511890173, 0.01522440928965807, -0.0025637922808527946, -0.021834231913089752, -0.06622503697872162, 0.006233082618564367, 0.04793794825673103, -0.030134746804833412, 0.07727042585611343, 0.01307464949786663, -0.013305066153407097, -0.03934581205248833, -0.03350277617573738, 0.05343009531497955, -0.03158621862530708, -0.05192642658948898, 0.06314633041620255, 0.06047605350613594, -0.011513009667396545, -0.013205161318182945, -0.0005199742736294866, -0.0526396706700325, 0.024230748414993286, 0.02648659236729145, -0.022646266967058182, -0.010515226982533932, 0.025002699345350266, 0.03298734128475189, -0.06722761690616608, 0.00010098530765390024, 0.027087770402431488, -0.015316333621740341, 0.04800301045179367, -0.00868374202400446, 0.029000457376241684, -0.014999670907855034, -0.022560108453035355 ]
<p>In the book "A Briefer History of Time" Stephen Hawking wrote:</p> <blockquote> <p>The unpredictable, random element comes in only when we try to interpret the wave in terms of the positions and velocities of particles. But maybe that is our mistake: maybe there are no particle positions and velocities, but only waves. It is just that we try to fit the waves to our preconceived ideas of positions and velocities. The resulting mismatch is the cause of the apparent unpredictability.</p> </blockquote> <p>Are there evidences that disprove this hypothesis? </p> <p>If true, would it eliminate most of the apparent quantum paradoxes, and necessity to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copenhagen_interpretation#Alternatives" rel="nofollow">"Shut up and calculate!"</a> for those who attempt to interpret quantum physics with common sense?</p> <p><strong>Edit:</strong> I assume that S. Hawking is aware of Standard Model, and he considers this statement as a legitimate hypothesis. Are there evidences that prove that it's not? In other words, is it a philosophical or scientific question?</p>
g4576
[ 0.05094272270798683, 0.08202347159385681, 0.01571027748286724, 0.006145219784229994, 0.016917170956730843, 0.0005793764139525592, 0.0370769277215004, 0.027881721034646034, 0.022504158318042755, -0.016552617773413658, 0.005472181830555201, -0.026025133207440376, 0.014770491048693657, 0.04884800687432289, -0.015458553098142147, 0.009015854448080063, 0.07051951438188553, -0.04526679590344429, 0.005623084492981434, 0.02396266534924507, 0.015932224690914154, -0.020085753872990608, 0.0032341359183192253, -0.0224594883620739, -0.08808756619691849, -0.02705146186053753, -0.022753044962882996, -0.11078550666570663, 0.011169185861945152, -0.016226237639784813, 0.06320976465940475, 0.00725568737834692, 0.04418120160698891, -0.07438499480485916, -0.07364456355571747, -0.0007226380985230207, 0.04034828767180443, -0.03985839709639549, -0.02076810784637928, 0.015927737578749657, 0.008594444021582603, -0.010658569633960724, -0.010344854556024075, -0.00412321649491787, -0.0072111631743609905, 0.006944502238184214, 0.005981074646115303, 0.050003863871097565, 0.005065281875431538, -0.031593553721904755, -0.04282093420624733, 0.030619505792856216, 0.1279280036687851, 0.05650937184691429, 0.05088449642062187, 0.1009332537651062, 0.06268477439880371, 0.009745199233293533, 0.0342121385037899, 0.03612899407744408, 0.020000381395220757, 0.019296105951070786, 0.007466078735888004, -0.005063932854682207, 0.05573965236544609, 0.03620981052517891, -0.04691613093018532, -0.026760779321193695, 0.026732804253697395, -0.020723914727568626, 0.041747722774744034, -0.08471474051475525, -0.014681062661111355, 0.019215716049075127, -0.025466935709118843, 0.05472133308649063, 0.013269535265862942, 0.02250710502266884, 0.01976679638028145, 0.001397816464304924, -0.04044455289840698, -0.03985297307372093, -0.0008832914172671735, -0.010976419784128666, 0.08277405053377151, -0.011791148222982883, 0.019796069711446762, 0.005235386546701193, 0.017429538071155548, 0.0006826820899732411, 0.0008263320196419954, -0.0318308025598526, 0.03999181091785431, -0.007424091454595327, -0.017078742384910583, -0.004788021557033062, -0.05166831240057945, 0.04316683113574982, -0.07757452875375748, 0.04681534692645073, -0.0911913588643074, 0.07111244648694992, -0.04647213965654373, -0.01744036003947258, -0.05295637995004654, -0.03651122376322746, -0.03134928643703461, -0.008927388116717339, 0.0004242153081577271, -0.045459482818841934, -0.03692203015089035, -0.013340501114726067, 0.004351758863776922, 0.011244679801166058, -0.026829881593585014, -0.03452277183532715, 0.07563784718513489, 0.01802775263786316, -0.014325995929539204, 0.03982623293995857, -0.03885061666369438, 0.033715032041072845, -0.028769513592123985, 0.06918683648109436, -0.02333715185523033, -0.006814715452492237, 0.00768303032964468, -0.03078518621623516, 0.009596106596291065, 0.006252748426049948, 0.011958440765738487, 0.03530428186058998, -0.013414404354989529, 0.070366770029068, 0.020573357120156288, 0.022480694577097893, 0.051599010825157166, 0.007470557000488043, 0.016931524500250816, 0.04438834264874458, 0.04488189518451691, 0.012655811384320259, 0.011339406482875347, -0.050384197384119034, 0.012468794360756874, -0.013105932623147964, -0.03707485273480415, -0.0024507290218025446, -0.03244737163186073, 0.0035491299349814653, -0.0372530072927475, 0.05416958034038544, -0.043329764157533646, 0.018006380647420883, -0.054512668401002884, 0.020679080858826637, 0.03107624314725399, 0.044471029192209244, -0.008205348625779152, 0.005830071400851011, 0.07605394721031189, -0.029872136190533638, 0.01098468154668808, 0.007439393550157547, -0.0402500182390213, 0.003791855415329337, 0.025678876787424088, -0.002356438199058175, -0.027150088921189308, -0.038303572684526443, -0.048081930726766586, 0.025694886222481728, 0.0025490294210612774, 0.03976203873753548, -0.01172207947820425, 0.030563607811927795, -0.0002303500659763813, -0.02843429520726204, -0.05170072615146637, -0.0054780906066298485, 0.01172473095357418, 0.031845033168792725, 0.0022600817028433084, -0.045047175139188766, -0.005703137256205082, 0.01138385757803917, -0.011310146190226078, 0.027061857283115387, -0.020038152113556862, -0.02142985351383686, 0.015903258696198463, -0.06289394199848175, 0.015072386711835861, 0.049087025225162506, 0.0319623164832592, -0.03562018647789955, -0.011926611885428429, 0.018089445307850838, -0.04327283054590225, 0.011778897605836391, -0.002398743527010083, 0.0324334092438221, 0.007054803892970085, -0.02495390921831131, 0.008893818594515324, 0.0226910300552845, 0.019152943044900894, 0.010659793391823769, 0.03822087496519089, -0.04822402074933052, 0.0861639529466629, 0.0004010807315353304, -0.038232870399951935, 0.02837592177093029, -0.01110854372382164, -0.003478233702480793, 0.023949962109327316, 0.010013878345489502, 0.003236353863030672, -0.016589432954788208, -0.016533568501472473, -0.004240226000547409, -0.025884078815579414, 0.010526089929044247, 0.012895877473056316, 0.025281036272644997, -0.0764470100402832, -0.10014849156141281, -0.04833335429430008, 0.047711633145809174, -0.03704078495502472, -0.04411027207970619, -0.021639199927449226, 0.014686799608170986, 0.10027875006198883, 0.028658073395490646, 0.05339203029870987, -0.023231273517012596, 0.0662301555275917, 0.019494010135531425, 0.031113993376493454, -0.021452507004141808, -0.09614229202270508, -0.03391876816749573, 0.021211769431829453, -0.04372140020132065, 0.015298060141503811, -0.09056058526039124, 0.018099986016750336, 0.007308101747184992, 0.002029824536293745, -0.04292039945721626, -0.04121892899274826, -0.02328968234360218, 0.036450907588005066, 0.01779317297041416, -0.008950728923082352, 0.03744114562869072, -0.06713365018367767, -0.01888960786163807, -0.028033602982759476, 0.044171057641506195, 0.014621034264564514, 0.03278021141886711, -0.020430486649274826, -0.005717149004340172, -0.011984240263700485, 0.00620812363922596, -0.0561390221118927, -0.039566703140735626, 0.04488076642155647, -0.015140539035201073, 0.07789144665002823, 0.04301128163933754, -0.04791833087801933, 0.005665617063641548, -0.04550039395689964, -0.04991801828145981, -0.02252606675028801, 0.009173054248094559, -0.07039900869131088, 0.018151212483644485, -0.0048270998522639275, 0.04015025496482849, 0.03282993286848068, -0.05988290160894394, -0.011606949381530285, 0.003615015186369419, 0.01595950685441494, 0.011298004537820816, -0.025054272264242172, 0.04364670440554619, 0.015495016239583492, 0.08790779113769531, -0.059027280658483505, 0.045182909816503525, -0.000754323264118284, -0.00693292822688818, -0.011804082430899143, 0.02344902604818344, -0.003498674603179097, -0.0143405357375741, -0.03575785458087921, 0.027231208980083466, 0.023310402408242226, 0.05437162518501282, 0.007046682294458151, 0.0000564423571631778, 0.013917459174990654, -0.04573254659771919, 0.006982005666941404, 0.0959501564502716, -0.05017244815826416, 0.03725250065326691, -0.050150103867053986, 0.016053587198257446, -0.012049210257828236, 0.018905803561210632, 0.04684491828083992, -0.038762398064136505, -0.03064367175102234, -0.03762366622686386, -0.047824613749980927, -0.034395478665828705, 0.053525857627391815, 0.03314589709043503, -0.017516741529107094, 0.0014794652815908194, -0.0716039389371872, -0.022582747042179108, 0.027258707210421562, -0.04501625895500183, 0.017886267974972725, 0.01376175694167614, -0.08006717264652252, -0.1280275583267212, 0.05487683415412903, 0.07210857421159744, 0.042131535708904266, -0.015895063057541847, 0.022689582780003548, -0.00499412277713418, -0.04502453655004501, 0.04946049302816391, -0.004088273271918297, 0.008387614041566849, 0.02199915051460266, -0.024242157116532326, 0.030958956107497215, -0.021411240100860596, 0.008595943450927734, 0.012564385309815407, 0.032931260764598846, 0.04263286665081978, -0.02751200646162033, 0.07607908546924591, 0.04932108521461487, 0.019595669582486153, 0.041728533804416656, 0.015055607073009014, -0.01735776662826538, -0.030639423057436943, 0.02179911360144615, 0.0009925458580255508, -0.008954020217061043, 0.02231191284954548, -0.06441625207662582, 0.07078222185373306, 0.025883173570036888, -0.014787966385483742, -0.007569081149995327, -0.003939469810575247, 0.009074053727090359, 0.0044067432172596455, 0.053476445376873016, 0.00882024597376585, 0.05689655616879463, 0.05250643193721771, -0.00929179321974516, -0.022140825167298317, 0.02386944554746151, 0.04030710086226463, 0.017290083691477776, -0.0017058185767382383, 0.02527496963739395, -0.058546099811792374, -0.04063236713409424, -0.020764676854014397, -0.030909905210137367, -0.023509066551923752, -0.014032998122274876, 0.013331236317753792, -0.01810530759394169, 0.029451444745063782, 0.011234931647777557, 0.058902282267808914, 0.004304368514567614, -0.013630091212689877, 0.019330905750393867, 0.058867473155260086, 0.019752822816371918, -0.06384348124265671, -0.07638466358184814, 0.03879678621888161, -0.008370568975806236, 0.033838123083114624, 0.049235615879297256, -0.002697997959330678, 0.0017755043227225542, -0.027407396584749222, 0.0007291670190170407, -0.0035242284648120403, 0.015144532546401024, -0.03923298418521881, -0.02593291737139225, 0.0307709239423275, -0.018098685890436172, -0.046638939529657364, 0.04225824773311615, 0.015957649797201157, -0.005739311687648296, 0.06474654376506805, 0.024415571242570877, -0.009851664304733276, 0.0026636337861418724, 0.022274186834692955, 0.037080906331539154, -0.007335972040891647, -0.031676411628723145, -0.01587827131152153, 0.06652052700519562, -0.0010004955111071467, -0.020003272220492363, 0.03877605125308037, -0.02023267187178135, -0.013081335462629795, 0.021255919709801674, 0.026379602029919624, -0.020615460351109505, 0.010391024872660637, -0.02089524455368519, 0.00039211157127283514, 0.03300420939922333, 0.027830306440591812, -0.020668121054768562, 0.04057956486940384, -0.05397391691803932, -0.008681191131472588, -0.006093353498727083, -0.00393466604873538, -0.03826231509447098, 0.022558556869626045, 0.0002602870517875999, -0.0069245845079422, 0.010408803820610046, -0.03192059323191643, -0.05361371859908104, 0.07582112401723862, -0.03788166493177414, 0.006495255045592785, -0.03268382325768471, 0.030895104631781578, 0.012429721653461456, 0.07606296986341476, 0.008028017356991768, 0.02563507668673992, -0.0487246960401535, -0.03964318335056305, -0.030400851741433144, -0.048054810613393784, 0.006453303154557943, 0.02288145013153553, 0.03809201344847679, 0.04603450745344162, -0.022769633680582047, -0.04621947556734085, 0.02382485382258892, 0.009625205770134926, -0.03230341896414757, 0.011766483075916767, 0.01026124320924282, 0.007717628497630358, 0.03943830728530884, -0.0000748933816794306, -0.012800194323062897, -0.00482579693198204, -0.011210082098841667, 0.008999376557767391, -0.008281868882477283, -0.012054666876792908, 0.05070328339934349, -0.03587469831109047, 0.006020112428814173, -0.048922326415777206, -0.014794284477829933, -0.028078796342015266, 0.036240242421627045, 0.03382062166929245, -0.03624601662158966, 0.03529905527830124, -0.05248891934752464, 0.042522769421339035, 0.012037470936775208, -0.014737778343260288, -0.012653421610593796, 0.028253240510821342, 0.016264989972114563, 0.034574225544929504, -0.04582186043262482, 0.019523346796631813, 0.013857045210897923, 0.004894735291600227, -0.044153839349746704, 0.018685726448893547, 0.020967312157154083, -0.011410042643547058, -0.04372747614979744, -0.03456391394138336, 0.0043619051575660706, -0.036448780447244644, 0.020611729472875595, 0.022634029388427734, -0.015054920688271523, -0.03430144488811493, 0.0013824691995978355, -0.033886272460222244, -0.0527687631547451, -0.021230706945061684, -0.011885768733918667, 0.06224968284368515, 0.04597575217485428, 0.028404774144291878, 0.04623972624540329, -0.0019275583326816559, 0.012155786156654358, 0.04269488528370857, -0.012328214012086391, 0.023471292108297348, 0.005815296433866024, -0.004628912545740604, -0.07271331548690796, 0.005674917716532946, 0.05485693737864494, 0.023955659940838814, 0.013965442776679993, 0.01733696274459362, -0.047761932015419006, 0.027938030660152435, 0.01899677701294422, -0.1428828090429306, -0.011873594485223293, 0.007222782354801893, -0.04834529012441635, -0.014837809838354588, 0.0038220807909965515, -0.004907533992081881, -0.017031509429216385, -0.04524639993906021, -0.013211963698267937, 0.017908429726958275, 0.0384347066283226, 0.022974258288741112, -0.0022528041154146194, 0.020450370386242867, 0.00702668959274888, 0.0216184314340353, -0.04079747572541237, 0.002895825309678912, -0.0008124132873490453, 0.035933468490839005, -0.05066012218594551, 0.07364846765995026, 0.013547132723033428, 0.02613234519958496, 0.0145206144079566, -0.02833932638168335, 0.005442032590508461, -0.016636094078421593, -0.05502081662416458, -0.016559114679694176, -0.037077635526657104, -0.008412864990532398, 0.03687942400574684, -0.021845854818820953, -0.04106419160962105, 0.003422902198508382, -0.062133532017469406, 0.03877631947398186, -0.008922946639358997, 0.04562493413686752, 0.006045799236744642, 0.034257788211107254, -0.051351290196180344, -0.061157796531915665, -0.03442616015672684, -0.06518354266881943, 0.033723752945661545, -0.02357504330575466, -0.07117194682359695, 0.0025152096059173346, -0.040774282068014145, -0.0615934319794178, 0.030618971213698387, -0.017378509044647217, 0.003254731185734272, 0.029138563200831413, -0.013044421561062336, -0.009074155241250992, 0.012608364224433899, 0.011269204318523407, -0.01337275467813015, 0.02161441557109356, 0.05056791380047798, 0.02301196940243244, -0.03272028639912605, -0.023553971201181412, -0.034553587436676025, -0.009961034171283245, -0.06879882514476776, -0.011860553175210953, 0.1292215883731842, 0.008411120623350143, -0.040867459028959274, -0.008007541298866272, 0.014264518395066261, 0.0003602842625696212, -0.01758197508752346, -0.03392200917005539, 0.06549492478370667, 0.013150899671018124, 0.0069247824139893055, -0.022114034742116928, 0.046930890530347824, 0.0106576606631279, -0.01073397509753704, 0.0424281470477581, -0.04798635467886925, 0.030964480713009834, -0.008350623771548271, 0.02129591628909111, -0.0021852338686585426, 0.004823777824640274, 0.03985544666647911, -0.04246032238006592, -0.057808324694633484, -0.00892330426722765, 0.0634506419301033, 0.034770041704177856, -0.07277340441942215, -0.013700434006750584, 0.00037221459206193686, 0.016782982274889946, -0.019177217036485672, -0.0529489703476429, 0.035978950560092926, 0.0041897716000676155, 0.011317587457597256, 0.020805146545171738, 0.062246471643447876, -0.03743232786655426, -0.026396548375487328, -0.027778996154665947, -0.005345978774130344, -0.027508355677127838, -0.04266643524169922, 0.022385885939002037, -0.02878766506910324, -0.027708854526281357, -0.04551498964428902, -0.03201984614133835, 0.005753460340201855, -0.053113777190446854, -0.04093243554234505, -0.011329774744808674, 0.008171542547643185, -0.04221230745315552, -0.02377922087907791, 0.03464336693286896, 0.008600791916251183, 0.0036200780887156725, 0.05766436085104942, 0.05951835587620735, 0.0038304224144667387, 0.05930449068546295, -0.019795209169387817, 0.03366638347506523, 0.013977241702377796, -0.03718546777963638, -0.044495705515146255, -0.012805504724383354, 0.012417457066476345, 0.0022659199312329292, 0.01963329128921032, -0.04928826540708542, 0.020854633301496506, 0.01679088920354843, 0.04979350417852402, 0.055488601326942444, -0.027475761249661446, 0.03557002916932106, -0.06524024158716202, -0.014599110931158066, -0.03677050396800041, 0.020685728639364243, -0.041680894792079926, 0.027492474764585495, 0.004262163303792477, 0.011274978518486023, -0.09398900717496872, 0.007409963756799698, 0.027169298380613327, -0.00965340156108141, -0.015259644016623497, -0.010655265301465988, 0.0197649747133255, -0.03673626855015755, 0.026569517329335213, -0.007818099111318588, 0.048341866582632065, -0.01596427522599697, -0.015423671342432499, -0.0391494520008564, -0.01821487955749035, 0.015519806183874607, 0.007474473677575588, -0.020161956548690796, -0.038145214319229126, -0.01658346690237522, 0.013374687172472477, 0.025260739028453827, 0.014597873203456402, -0.05296700820326805, -0.022113163024187088, 0.028373172506690025, -0.014819293282926083, 0.04846770316362381, 0.008100341074168682, 0.05056598782539368, -0.03516005724668503, 0.025956157594919205, -0.01916668564081192, 0.021048249676823616, -0.014473793096840382, -0.013917749747633934, -0.054396484047174454, -0.06230654940009117, -0.025462718680500984, 0.019288256764411926, -0.03550393879413605, -0.04455222561955452, 0.008821721188724041, 0.06352271139621735, -0.05049477890133858, 0.015169761143624783, 0.03821305185556412, -0.05222058668732643, -0.0016715612728148699, 0.003017251379787922, 0.002768375677987933, -0.01654023677110672, 0.029039941728115082, -0.04011664539575577, 0.05112720653414726, -0.007816904224455357, -0.02300332486629486, -0.035502925515174866, -0.009855075739324093, 0.002053872449323535 ]
<p>What happens if I charged a capacitor then i touch the 2 poles in same time?</p>
g4577
[ 0.060975581407547, -0.003857143921777606, 0.00011370480206096545, -0.010110571049153805, 0.07586394995450974, 0.033107414841651917, 0.03352304548025131, -0.01124273519963026, -0.018898295238614082, -0.03814918175339699, -0.10840335488319397, 0.012700917199254036, -0.026050152257084846, 0.007507801055908203, 0.02113529108464718, -0.02057625912129879, 0.07264412194490433, 0.004081368912011385, -0.010234345681965351, 0.03569476678967476, -0.027555225417017937, -0.017584456130862236, -0.037195730954408646, -0.06304958462715149, -0.052012547850608826, -0.028024276718497276, -0.04287533089518547, -0.022551119327545166, -0.057729896157979965, -0.06258267164230347, -0.009510918520390987, 0.07030224055051804, -0.0068181478418409824, 0.007144771981984377, -0.06500682979822159, -0.049510907381772995, 0.05847642570734024, -0.03422616794705391, -0.038398757576942444, -0.01686830446124077, 0.04028230905532837, 0.02275945246219635, 0.09022720903158188, -0.02720841020345688, 0.023305743932724, -0.061053432524204254, -0.014025028795003891, 0.0012175962328910828, -0.012107211165130138, 0.0006678072968497872, -0.0386461541056633, -0.01469262596219778, 0.02041199989616871, 0.00835558120161295, 0.055142637342214584, 0.02546289749443531, 0.018121622502803802, -0.0662267729640007, 0.04687253758311272, 0.061620716005563736, -0.0022139137145131826, 0.029790116474032402, -0.00020363242947496474, 0.003917524591088295, -0.01888764649629593, -0.013101913034915924, 0.019126903265714645, -0.005055589135736227, 0.02764534018933773, 0.02125389128923416, -0.011231894604861736, -0.03063063696026802, 0.041276704519987106, -0.058213971555233, 0.010167619213461876, 0.06045357137918472, 0.09491068869829178, 0.001727417460642755, -0.024728834629058838, 0.011116772890090942, -0.041383467614650726, -0.00733707332983613, 0.023325115442276, -0.018515339121222496, -0.04764942824840546, -0.02181718870997429, 0.0001470283605158329, -0.00033502394217066467, -0.05479668080806732, -0.048430703580379486, -0.033851467072963715, -0.08787412196397781, 0.005249090492725372, 0.029064271599054337, 0.01553528942167759, -0.03688598424196243, 0.03238190338015556, 0.01943439617753029, 0.022167155519127846, -0.0030110867228358984, -0.031111637130379677, 0.033238768577575684, 0.004246954340487719, 0.008582506328821182, 0.0051888395100831985, -0.012188930064439774, 0.07832149416208267, -0.005540395155549049, -0.01492825336754322, -0.0296167004853487, -0.00011852895841002464, -0.04255273938179016, -0.012854685075581074, 0.05220901966094971, -0.019829917699098587, -0.028250044211745262, 0.03125498816370964, -0.05545271560549736, 0.018793033435940742, 0.050869815051555634, 0.04036393761634827, -0.0419929139316082, -0.0008739380864426494, 0.022382505238056183, 0.02678205445408821, -0.02643723413348198, 0.07756856828927994, 0.0008919439278542995, -0.006798914168030024, -0.015969054773449898, 0.011658539064228535, -0.03774474933743477, -0.01571444235742092, 0.02376454509794712, 0.013389898464083672, -0.04164525866508484, 0.06375382095575333, -0.049389928579330444, 0.007965209893882275, -0.03930290788412094, 0.006428481079638004, -0.03533145412802696, -0.00007745296170469373, -0.003990671597421169, 0.02637978456914425, -0.024045025929808617, 0.0023186826147139072, -0.061185017228126526, 0.02147800475358963, -0.019777100533246994, 0.007812540978193283, -0.012465900741517544, 0.0054549588821828365, -0.044630762189626694, 0.02078345976769924, 0.02690812572836876, 0.04956094175577164, 0.015378028154373169, 0.04803059250116348, 0.026354124769568443, 0.01681980863213539, -0.01829018071293831, 0.031013429164886475, 0.024480437859892845, -0.05297531187534332, 0.05147389695048332, 0.012430604547262192, -0.011822620406746864, 0.016122888773679733, -0.04404468089342117, -0.01112802792340517, -0.03498693183064461, 0.022926677018404007, 0.0256784800440073, 0.04166577756404877, -0.008700222708284855, -0.0689752995967865, 0.013671210035681725, 0.05603336542844772, -0.021687384694814682, -0.033657532185316086, 0.026461921632289886, -0.048564691096544266, -0.011786111630499363, -0.022163189947605133, -0.0233590267598629, -0.06107545644044876, 0.07612693309783936, -0.012218896299600601, 0.02704373002052307, -0.07091957330703735, -0.046331100165843964, -0.026070378720760345, 0.027247348800301552, -0.010941211134195328, -0.03021901845932007, 0.05978895351290703, 0.0050432407297194, 0.006959149613976479, -0.06751636415719986, 0.018167026340961456, -0.012095896527171135, 0.08322785049676895, 0.005826227832585573, 0.019467102363705635, 0.03228311240673065, 0.01844744384288788, -0.01966293528676033, 0.064729705452919, -0.02001117914915085, 0.03611484542489052, 0.049759168177843094, 0.001066642813384533, 0.046932369470596313, -0.07296457141637802, -0.06011662259697914, -0.023775633424520493, 0.03428494557738304, -0.05526789277791977, 0.02498697116971016, -0.019638631492853165, 0.023873591795563698, 0.07088553160429001, -0.04396397992968559, -0.01644132286310196, 0.0075545054860413074, -0.027997879311442375, -0.008517437614500523, -0.024298863485455513, 0.0009263530955649912, -0.012464162893593311, -0.03727914020419121, 0.011542607098817825, -0.0012809195322915912, -0.05140410736203194, 0.061796583235263824, 0.02046050690114498, -0.024944882839918137, 0.011144105345010757, -0.03630297631025314, -0.019002148881554604, -0.062099020928144455, 0.05837811529636383, 0.02629345841705799, -0.02370956540107727, 0.02877272479236126, 0.024239763617515564, 0.0020781648345291615, -0.010347048752009869, 0.023144882172346115, 0.06251679360866547, 0.031860943883657455, 0.004066061694175005, 0.06695417314767838, -0.06632652878761292, -0.029664667323231697, 0.014720053412020206, 0.011629177257418633, -0.03959920257329941, -0.046445511281490326, 0.003793082432821393, -0.03590286150574684, -0.017252381891012192, 0.026265660300850868, -0.0604003369808197, -0.03263917192816734, -0.06168784573674202, 0.008534307591617107, 0.03689631074666977, -0.04056740552186966, -0.01406667847186327, 0.06783398985862732, -0.0032334523275494576, 0.014506223611533642, -0.007713109254837036, -0.031498074531555176, -0.0039988551288843155, -0.09292895346879959, -0.0003002618614118546, -0.04993307590484619, -0.047936443239450455, -0.0036581121385097504, 0.00023419223725795746, -0.021244054660201073, 0.047388706356287, -0.0249500535428524, -0.040070854127407074, -0.020367110148072243, -0.0296681746840477, 0.003282691817730665, -0.049667391926050186, 0.007061933167278767, 0.1086413562297821, -0.06965389847755432, 0.03513267636299133, 0.023232202976942062, 0.023181727156043053, 0.0028941540513187647, 0.0050487578846514225, 0.02598968893289566, 0.04720547795295715, -0.01785343326628208, -0.04598822444677353, -0.0213329941034317, 0.042143821716308594, 0.03909904882311821, 0.0017967944731935859, -0.024007337167859077, 0.054328225553035736, 0.017977798357605934, -0.025074182078242302, 0.03352045267820358, 0.0186061542481184, -0.004410767462104559, -0.017275825142860413, -0.0020246633794158697, -0.009255829267203808, -0.013826897367835045, 0.010075796395540237, -0.032126449048519135, -0.006282667629420757, -0.03734549134969711, 0.0019326444016769528, 0.05090673267841339, -0.03844780474901199, -0.021909428760409355, 0.009163748472929, 0.03126323223114014, 0.021206874400377274, 0.08235704898834229, -0.02067641355097294, 0.07210696488618851, -0.019033581018447876, -0.04133656620979309, 0.023128479719161987, -0.001208398025482893, -0.014756973832845688, 0.05454239994287491, 0.0184920746833086, 0.04116133973002434, -0.034600526094436646, -0.02677805908024311, -0.03724197670817375, -0.10283822566270828, -0.009159181267023087, 0.025149548426270485, 0.05092284455895424, -0.02163630537688732, 0.05922163277864456, 0.013310788199305534, 0.04815637692809105, 0.005608852487057447, -0.003680621040984988, 0.023504741489887238, 0.02121894434094429, 0.00046243020915426314, -0.021077638491988182, 0.06801655143499374, -0.028445767238736153, 0.019562752917408943, 0.052034784108400345, -0.015513438731431961, 0.04000923037528992, -0.008858580142259598, 0.0330515131354332, -0.00293061719276011, -0.03670882061123848, 0.04766428843140602, -0.0031962248031049967, -0.012641673907637596, -0.007307569961994886, 0.017395375296473503, -0.019189119338989258, 0.030578838661313057, 0.03327930346131325, 0.003082255134359002, 0.007927121594548225, -0.025714974850416183, -0.019922567531466484, 0.051643647253513336, 0.009760760702192783, -0.027957934886217117, -0.0024229553528130054, 0.016182629391551018, 0.025082701817154884, 0.022591378539800644, 0.024579141288995743, -0.004425174091011286, -0.014741993509232998, -0.028374919667840004, -0.017101602628827095, -0.005896759685128927, -0.0039048506878316402, -0.0170858446508646, 0.044648971408605576, -0.04129621386528015, -0.019435355439782143, -0.03469189256429672, 0.03142131492495537, -0.03413742408156395, -0.06264475733041763, -0.004897116217762232, -0.033310990780591965, -0.03307536989450455, -0.015970412641763687, -0.020830657333135605, 0.028348593041300774, 0.0029891703743487597, 0.054762937128543854, 0.01760532706975937, -0.006330436561256647, -0.02043536864221096, 0.015352754853665829, -0.012936949729919434, -0.013986226171255112, -0.02214953862130642, 0.09356828778982162, 0.03613322600722313, 0.009088278748095036, 0.01921970397233963, 0.01340110320597887, 0.024858642369508743, -0.01660815067589283, -0.017977505922317505, -0.01445811428129673, -0.04242926463484764, 0.04032038152217865, -0.02569115161895752, -0.023301392793655396, -0.02202189527451992, -0.011723145842552185, -0.02153157815337181, 0.0016263051657006145, -0.014575065113604069, -0.015788251534104347, 0.08748375624418259, -0.010469313710927963, 0.05390966311097145, -0.005512252915650606, 0.09011327475309372, 0.05658403038978577, 0.011891381815075874, -0.04436285048723221, 0.002635488286614418, 0.04010319709777832, 0.055320851504802704, -0.0038788754027336836, -0.03674538806080818, 0.016168782487511635, -0.06240842491388321, -0.09630096703767776, -0.003230080474168062, -0.04614395275712013, -0.031456708908081055, 0.008359670639038086, -0.0002082607097690925, 0.05080590769648552, -0.0019643830601125956, -0.050819650292396545, -0.03524656221270561, -0.029118573293089867, 0.0057736532762646675, 0.03764680027961731, -0.07042219489812851, 0.005610435735434294, -0.06559932231903076, -0.03683434799313545, -0.06085900589823723, -0.07307672500610352, -0.030643466860055923, 0.02956182323396206, 0.008325162343680859, 0.0010223763529211283, 0.01741008460521698, 0.026059960946440697, -0.0164338331669569, 0.06414172053337097, 0.07359719276428223, -0.02660501003265381, -0.007122949697077274, 0.007975411601364613, 0.027814704924821854, -0.0207307618111372, -0.02889830991625786, -0.02785004861652851, -0.050938379019498825, -0.01668502204120159, 0.008542210794985294, 0.04379232972860336, 0.013337818905711174, 0.014978253282606602, 0.015001323074102402, 0.014349058270454407, 0.05593787878751755, -0.009196413680911064, 0.06221775710582733, -0.06195424869656563, -0.0023527119774371386, -0.032558243721723557, 0.012447196990251541, 0.03497758135199547, -0.037741485983133316, -0.013296931982040405, 0.03017980232834816, 0.01475009135901928, 0.07001348584890366, 0.01423653680831194, -0.035657960921525955, 0.057673607021570206, 0.04033783823251724, -0.031714532524347305, 0.018442096188664436, 0.06256022304296494, 0.09699118882417679, 0.04265090450644493, 0.04349777474999428, -0.02571048215031624, -0.04210823401808739, -0.03719369322061539, -0.035837966948747635, 0.06752713024616241, -0.0015578399179503322, -0.021941088140010834, 0.023047544062137604, -0.048709239810705185, -0.012919067405164242, -0.024732647463679314, 0.018496477976441383, 0.04081929475069046, 0.08351712673902512, 0.006242254748940468, 0.017983142286539078, -0.002773288171738386, -0.01828010566532612, 0.046546194702386856, -0.03396524116396904, -0.024295782670378685, -0.026232775300741196, 0.014250279404222965, 0.014541670680046082, -0.023042991757392883, -0.02471497468650341, 0.03232062980532646, 0.03230651095509529, -0.009721003472805023, -0.010714590549468994, 0.014988036826252937, 0.0450172983109951, 0.04631859064102173, -0.011724457144737244, 0.008564232848584652, -0.022445492446422577, -0.014448252506554127, 0.014227312989532948, 0.06888173520565033, 0.010550416074693203, -0.013822220265865326, -0.04409850388765335, 0.06137362867593765, 0.008852560073137283, -0.00010960248619085178, -0.005582856945693493, 0.02883581630885601, -0.025006674230098724, 0.027399994432926178, -0.021208198741078377, -0.014634701423346996, 0.05215435102581978, 0.05601055175065994, -0.0164656862616539, 0.008682278916239738, -0.011398430913686752, 0.033152446150779724, -0.0645102709531784, 0.01542016863822937, 0.05633655562996864, 0.00609030993655324, 0.0971497967839241, 0.05288621783256531, -0.023626191541552544, -0.013475533574819565, -0.060305625200271606, 0.010861854068934917, 0.01852046139538288, 0.04752134531736374, 0.0265444777905941, 0.040787845849990845, -0.05006852373480797, 0.08699840307235718, 0.012519845739006996, -0.03426690399646759, -0.0303109772503376, 0.05851159989833832, -0.006323708686977625, 0.01649061031639576, -0.014889695681631565, 0.010627852752804756, 0.05859530717134476, 0.033800940960645676, 0.0648941919207573, 0.011900506913661957, -0.03614448383450508, 0.029122330248355865, -0.05815993621945381, -0.04268390312790871, 0.0031293241772800684, -0.011768897995352745, -0.0468376986682415, -0.0028515916783362627, -0.011456513777375221, -0.058289285749197006, -0.048790059983730316, -0.0015972137916833162, -0.00036139367148280144, -0.05023397505283356, 0.0034364834427833557, 0.037977028638124466, -0.014677096158266068, -0.006352532655000687, 0.02536344900727272, 0.07298140972852707, 0.015991196036338806, -0.0031510957051068544, -0.03195863962173462, -0.024276671931147575, 0.004212384112179279, 0.0395754836499691, -0.005057410802692175, 0.01248569879680872, -0.01799372024834156, -0.028362300246953964, 0.017589686438441277, -0.022156136110424995, 0.05559614300727844, 0.018747925758361816, 0.06601943075656891, 0.0312671884894371, -0.06263914704322815, 0.011508381925523281, -0.016444308683276176, 0.031737539917230606, 0.06479564309120178, -0.01628824695944786, 0.008250607177615166, -0.0008550711208954453, -0.007647015154361725, 0.007245505694299936, -0.044121984392404556, -0.043242499232292175, 0.03849303349852562, -0.03647581487894058, -0.012134408578276634, 0.007364749908447266, 0.05728507041931152, -0.015503007918596268, -0.018978582695126534, 0.03066638484597206, 0.04070287570357323, -0.025323649868369102, 0.02093476988375187, 0.0029586199671030045, -0.0040540373884141445, -0.105259969830513, -0.01790531724691391, 0.0054488349705934525, 0.009988127276301384, 0.03836479038000107, -0.019051508978009224, 0.026281539350748062, -0.053110625594854355, -0.03721831366419792, -0.028321973979473114, -0.030624739825725555, 0.0169281754642725, -0.012840515933930874, -0.016204383224248886, 0.06073814630508423, -0.04837319254875183, -0.01062692329287529, 0.002338133053854108, 0.045295074582099915, -0.04335403814911842, 0.02653118595480919, -0.03222423046827316, -0.05388808995485306, 0.026303373277187347, 0.012840475887060165, 0.019487939774990082, 0.0424940250813961, -0.02278381586074829, 0.041053950786590576, 0.0012531623942777514, 0.043219439685344696, -0.012774072587490082, -0.013857186771929264, -0.030224893242120743, -0.029423551633954048, -0.005648199003189802, -0.036763593554496765, -0.007673052605241537, 0.04666322097182274, 0.001421761349774897, -0.02071041241288185, -0.025268858298659325, -0.05216333642601967, 0.036891065537929535, -0.03264184668660164, -0.029971303418278694, -0.012966012582182884, -0.010902630165219307, -0.007357283495366573, 0.04347427561879158, 0.0196627676486969, 0.03055068850517273, 0.026633795350790024, 0.015424416400492191, -0.031097324565052986, 0.026165777817368507, 0.036924779415130615, 0.024506457149982452, -0.06962642073631287, -0.027246715500950813, -0.025570807978510857, -0.06666569411754608, -0.026611246168613434, 0.007250703871250153, -0.015441762283444405, 0.04316043481230736, -0.007742446381598711, -0.030672667548060417, 0.039063598960638046, -0.05212754011154175, 0.0019645458087325096, -0.01040145754814148, -0.019429007545113564, -0.03229779750108719, 0.02278103493154049, 0.040862787514925, 0.037784699350595474, -0.026924021542072296, -0.045015256851911545, -0.08640638738870621, -0.040886737406253815, 0.019815299659967422, 0.01544363982975483, 0.010935933329164982, 0.010951949283480644, 0.0296794343739748, 0.04396899417042732, -0.005165262147784233, 0.009069220162928104, -0.05021337419748306, -0.06650616973638535, 0.031063618138432503, 0.05442247912287712, -0.03329724818468094, -0.060181763023138046, 0.02553616836667061, 0.0067686219699680805, 0.0025422496255487204, -0.03702031075954437, -0.007353831082582474, -0.053960878401994705, -0.04782138392329216, 0.04301698878407478, -0.023689543828368187, -0.023082144558429718, 0.0002409374574199319 ]
<p>This question is a follow-up to <a href="http://physics.stackexchange.com/users/2190/david-bar-moshe">David Bar Moshe</a>'s answer to my earlier question on the <a href="http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/34990/aharonov-bohm-effect-and-flux-quantization-in-superconductors">Aharonov-Bohm effect and flux-quantization</a>. What I forgot was that it is not the <em>wavefunction</em> that must be single-valued, but rather, the <em>probability density</em> (wavefunction-squared).</p> <p>But if that is so, how do I justify the quantization condition $m=\{\ldots,-1,0,1\ldots\}$ based on the boundary condition on the azimuthal part of spherically symmetric wavefunctions $\psi(x,y,z)\sim R(r)\Theta(\theta)\Phi(\phi)$:</p> <p>$$\Phi(\phi)\sim e^{im\phi}$$</p> <p>whose square (probability density) is unity, independent of $m$?</p>
g4578
[ 0.023821411654353142, 0.01691359467804432, -0.0104284156113863, -0.006555150728672743, 0.06852594763040543, 0.014309059828519821, 0.08824755251407623, 0.021894216537475586, 0.008609257638454437, 0.003902990370988846, -0.03577939420938492, 0.056085240095853806, -0.021854275837540627, 0.02212955802679062, -0.011785177513957024, 0.004804664291441441, -0.03313806653022766, 0.04366668313741684, 0.012403571978211403, 0.024881966412067413, -0.04596662148833275, -0.010412107221782207, 0.002665351377800107, -0.049399640411138535, 0.05667615681886673, -0.025400007143616676, 0.0036324241664260626, -0.033203043043613434, 0.032640937715768814, 0.05244218185544014, 0.010717371478676796, -0.002178163966163993, 0.07588762789964676, 0.031052879989147186, 0.02859625220298767, 0.031456246972084045, 0.01695629581809044, 0.0012226123362779617, 0.06022609770298004, -0.028682712465524673, 0.019873127341270447, -0.0137704499065876, 0.007216901518404484, -0.011404543183743954, -0.07869036495685577, 0.05068734660744667, -0.04433358460664749, 0.0391346774995327, -0.0038954864721745253, 0.0015915717231109738, 0.04845013841986656, -0.029601529240608215, 0.07051333785057068, 0.009343334473669529, -0.04526583477854729, 0.0289608221501112, 0.047209374606609344, 0.001984088448807597, -0.033432431519031525, 0.06758157908916473, -0.004967294167727232, 0.07082458585500717, -0.022697357460856438, -0.03136197105050087, 0.0480467714369297, 0.07421091198921204, -0.011932631023228168, -0.0003927326761186123, -0.09127214550971985, 0.019674217328429222, 0.005310072563588619, -0.03738910332322121, -0.07076909393072128, 0.036567676812410355, -0.037975143641233444, 0.0501607209444046, 0.027076050639152527, 0.01442026812583208, 0.04904382303357124, -0.042336344718933105, -0.10874734073877335, -0.03302524983882904, 0.04565328359603882, -0.0201611015945673, 0.008567998185753822, -0.017998073250055313, 0.03526342287659645, -0.02062217704951763, -0.02728882245719433, 0.0003577684401534498, -0.01005521509796381, -0.05550730228424072, -0.020657522603869438, 0.039135731756687164, 0.0005224795313552022, 0.013075904920697212, 0.008604701608419418, 0.010166103951632977, -0.0303818192332983, 0.01303242240101099, -0.0814429521560669, 0.047177255153656006, -0.002059167018160224, -0.00495885731652379, -0.013396160677075386, -0.018050944432616234, 0.0072335717268288136, 0.0012183745857328176, 0.041751205921173096, -0.004572057165205479, -0.03903389722108841, 0.015294457785785198, 0.003812792943790555, 0.034376293420791626, -0.046366624534130096, -0.004245285410434008, 0.06613797694444656, -0.014602665789425373, -0.013450984843075275, 0.014666181989014149, -0.023370351642370224, 0.0432220920920372, -0.012303952127695084, 0.053720906376838684, 0.004427628125995398, 0.03834100440144539, -0.040352705866098404, 0.01074845902621746, 0.017930151894688606, 0.0033029993064701557, 0.03538089618086815, -0.005296893883496523, -0.029268035665154457, 0.029026692733168602, -0.027088724076747894, 0.027400681748986244, -0.00820095743983984, 0.00845060683786869, -0.016051560640335083, -0.008802652359008789, -0.013197941705584526, -0.028396151959896088, 0.06794437766075134, -0.04888320714235306, -0.0076115853153169155, 0.006956865545362234, 0.020268389955163002, -0.07380924373865128, 0.0009934232803061604, 0.006773011758923531, 0.009183858521282673, 0.07308482378721237, -0.04145050421357155, 0.010664339177310467, -0.007107104174792767, 0.02179190330207348, 0.033062372356653214, 0.011627966538071632, -0.018876465037465096, -0.02854127809405327, 0.047686029225587845, 0.044206440448760986, 0.01629292592406273, -0.02615443989634514, -0.028940051794052124, 0.007756521459668875, 0.02945149503648281, -0.03554561734199524, -0.0019168062135577202, -0.0488845556974411, -0.02197800949215889, 0.00040245859418064356, -0.0027979130391031504, 0.02616172470152378, 0.009045647457242012, 0.034060314297676086, -0.051906224340200424, 0.05064311996102333, 0.010058303363621235, 0.020779628306627274, -0.0019379218574613333, 0.021771684288978577, 0.0225139819085598, -0.06340529024600983, 0.049873076379299164, 0.004722606390714645, 0.030661413446068764, 0.016282008960843086, -0.07288307696580887, 0.046028587967157364, 0.00538657559081912, 0.004710067994892597, -0.05468367412686348, -0.006379926111549139, 0.004524449352174997, 0.0038486896082758904, 0.04562138020992279, -0.012902419082820415, 0.007358702830970287, 0.01958475634455681, -0.006917440798133612, 0.06684678047895432, 0.0838073268532753, -0.005279059521853924, 0.05914262309670448, 0.023418476805090904, -0.00387726747430861, 0.016743745654821396, 0.0084836445748806, -0.017666494473814964, 0.020993264392018318, -0.0734323114156723, -0.0036234771832823753, 0.005330918822437525, -0.04116346687078476, 0.012198456563055515, -0.03138158097863197, 0.04762950539588928, -0.05377790331840515, -0.02986821159720421, -0.016307812184095383, 0.0130602503195405, 0.06012411415576935, 0.0016238883836194873, -0.0045410869643092155, 0.029501302167773247, -0.007711777463555336, -0.025425059720873833, 0.0026094086933881044, 0.01661605015397072, -0.07946464419364929, -0.0040599689818918705, -0.021191710606217384, -0.023134665563702583, -0.03289853408932686, 0.08280064910650253, -0.048542577773332596, 0.01038280688226223, 0.006487224251031876, 0.022963743656873703, 0.019877690821886063, 0.0265180803835392, -0.025685157626867294, 0.0030066086910665035, 0.07208415865898132, -0.05820516496896744, -0.016669761389493942, 0.023242564871907234, 0.045339904725551605, -0.008748465217649937, -0.005642757751047611, -0.06767793744802475, 0.02988629974424839, -0.009231706149876118, 0.0382220484316349, -0.01567963883280754, -0.02724909782409668, 0.014525686390697956, -0.020538603886961937, -0.0034441917669028044, -0.0352407805621624, -0.06413225084543228, 0.05103892832994461, -0.033828169107437134, -0.05152301862835884, -0.004050309769809246, -0.08089672774076462, 0.06730743497610092, 0.03334837034344673, -0.01896854303777218, 0.03524037450551987, 0.09779410064220428, 0.0017995858797803521, 0.04148374870419502, 0.02206861786544323, 0.02368377335369587, -0.009909247048199177, -0.01647065207362175, 0.02389679104089737, -0.029811596497893333, -0.07086954265832901, -0.02035125158727169, 0.02357461489737034, 0.008494863286614418, 0.01623501628637314, -0.08180411905050278, 0.026836508885025978, -0.03745388612151146, 0.0007430319674313068, 0.01166816707700491, -0.05543334782123566, 0.022146424278616905, 0.026245256885886192, 0.029146425426006317, 0.009023725986480713, -0.00740407407283783, 0.009142008610069752, -0.0627429410815239, 0.013928426429629326, 0.045304153114557266, -0.015985624864697456, -0.034329380840063095, -0.002355716424062848, 0.0034994282759726048, 0.06551941484212875, 0.05338495969772339, -0.06727883964776993, -0.0535416454076767, -0.040348246693611145, -0.0080984802916646, 0.014119564555585384, 0.03585038706660271, -0.03703904524445534, -0.009665076620876789, -0.01319847535341978, 0.010408627800643444, 0.022563859820365906, -0.057498931884765625, 0.03209533169865608, -0.06856495887041092, -0.04824883118271828, -0.0076641482301056385, 0.012634765356779099, -0.044113416224718094, 0.05174856260418892, 0.014848808757960796, -0.012904271483421326, -0.0529341995716095, -0.04463839530944824, -0.037290722131729126, 0.017679281532764435, 0.015147955156862736, -0.01719573698937893, -0.005150936543941498, -0.05558764189481735, -0.049678537994623184, -0.037154871970415115, -0.04283111169934273, -0.02221786417067051, 0.04682216793298721, -0.015030836686491966, -0.022631283849477768, 0.018015839159488678, -0.029489897191524506, 0.002540305955335498, -0.03028244338929653, -0.017848720774054527, 0.0461658276617527, 0.05738721787929535, 0.015969155356287956, -0.01166739221662283, -0.04110809415578842, 0.07287157326936722, 0.034933216869831085, 0.016141055151820183, 0.025404514744877815, 0.09521927684545517, 0.004788478836417198, 0.020155904814600945, -0.026974627748131752, -0.012147161178290844, -0.050235241651535034, -0.001152021693997085, -0.02504223957657814, 0.017687391489744186, -0.07349266111850739, 0.03618121147155762, 0.045453350991010666, -0.051021501421928406, -0.032051362097263336, -0.018104402348399162, -0.015425339341163635, 0.03380191698670387, 0.026558704674243927, 0.06486385315656662, -0.050100766122341156, 0.016658388078212738, 0.030936218798160553, -0.022196723148226738, 0.025295505300164223, 0.04309559985995293, 0.02225455455482006, 0.012677585706114769, -0.00197869841940701, -0.00035868576378561556, 0.04515288025140762, -0.00931109581142664, -0.019602932035923004, -0.004851275123655796, -0.03424087539315224, 0.020968599244952202, -0.020132867619395256, -0.011361537501215935, 0.0064468830823898315, 0.0071547143161296844, -0.030325401574373245, 0.024613764137029648, -0.07346754521131516, 0.013055488467216492, 0.04309142008423805, -0.0007439062464982271, -0.007189139258116484, -0.02278333529829979, -0.04219149425625801, 0.02784905768930912, -0.03186648339033127, 0.026369608938694, -0.00656443415209651, -0.004433488007634878, -0.0806448832154274, -0.0315152108669281, -0.017613014206290245, 0.0018917893758043647, -0.07511794567108154, 0.020546071231365204, 0.010083415545523167, 0.005388056393712759, -0.064799465239048, -0.03011969104409218, -0.005242917221039534, 0.038389403373003006, -0.009142800234258175, -0.025314997881650925, -0.012903331778943539, -0.04405364766716957, 0.04467879608273506, 0.08314011991024017, -0.013714894652366638, 0.03180176764726639, -0.0391414538025856, -0.018232185393571854, 0.04468661546707153, 0.03301876410841942, 0.0423056036233902, -0.08153899759054184, -0.013850928284227848, -0.031026359647512436, 0.04923319071531296, 0.01482151634991169, 0.05161590129137039, 0.005582044366747141, -0.00250298366881907, 0.016602419316768646, -0.024084040895104408, 0.058915894478559494, 0.022534826770424843, -0.06303767114877701, -0.07050219178199768, 0.05691411718726158, -0.019219834357500076, -0.08406205475330353, -0.020653029903769493, -0.01959632895886898, -0.018698155879974365, 0.020364800468087196, -0.045202404260635376, -0.005976167973130941, 0.035058461129665375, 0.023960944265127182, 0.017525726929306984, -0.02840210311114788, 0.00031903787748888135, -0.03054836578667164, -0.009994054213166237, 0.0481523722410202, 0.0004302320594433695, -0.05246036499738693, 0.04348241165280342, -0.016621647402644157, -0.008684959262609482, -0.012663044966757298, 0.031329553574323654, 0.07079417258501053, 0.018224788829684258, 0.005391774233430624, 0.01037733443081379, 0.03400145843625069, 0.00845268927514553, 0.002546906704083085, -0.02215537056326866, -0.02291233465075493, 0.010877854190766811, 0.033727873116731644, 0.0058407047763466835, -0.021260753273963928, 0.03053625300526619, 0.009374108165502548, -0.0011666512582451105, -0.017313266173005104, 0.0007877300377003849, -0.022616161033511162, -0.06163999065756798, 0.009763974696397781, 0.015224521048367023, 0.013691072352230549, -0.08990947902202606, 0.021956786513328552, -0.05790393427014351, -0.011417686007916927, 0.006781062111258507, -0.035868965089321136, -0.031168613582849503, -0.002997262869030237, 0.010931800119578838, -0.0021917729172855616, -0.011065270751714706, -0.014775769785046577, 0.02463006041944027, -0.020322101190686226, -0.014762683771550655, -0.018063673749566078, -0.0020674096886068583, 0.030246103182435036, -0.012599457986652851, 0.013905532658100128, 0.03307592123746872, -0.02889353781938553, 0.056708164513111115, -0.0545048862695694, 0.019114943221211433, 0.0448622852563858, 0.04405583068728447, 0.026221098378300667, -0.025825627148151398, 0.032778482884168625, 0.005349988117814064, -0.06854094564914703, -0.07191964238882065, 0.025761589407920837, 0.06922914832830429, -0.03844698145985603, 0.008022948168218136, 0.018969671800732613, -0.02865363471210003, 0.007463592104613781, -0.020300913602113724, 0.0015292593743652105, -0.004947198089212179, 0.015307564288377762, 0.06365709751844406, 0.02149229496717453, -0.011224085465073586, 0.015638241544365883, 0.02806643210351467, -0.05306239798665047, 0.016650265082716942, -0.035312484949827194, 0.027684509754180908, -0.01714879274368286, 0.009209571406245232, -0.06490077823400497, -0.02929205633699894, -0.05906309187412262, -0.039493121206760406, 0.03333194926381111, 0.008255609311163425, -0.021571017801761627, 0.02666633389890194, -0.0021373324561864138, -0.003338519250974059, 0.028868945315480232, -0.008921881206333637, 0.05080980807542801, -0.06066853180527687, -0.0033869773615151644, -0.019833315163850784, 0.010763739235699177, 0.026906102895736694, 0.001392676611430943, 0.03488227352499962, -0.01327685546129942, 0.010730917565524578, 0.038450613617897034, -0.03147969767451286, 0.03740694746375084, 0.0772688016295433, 0.002535628154873848, -0.06835372000932693, -0.0513005293905735, 0.01121068187057972, -0.028674671426415443, 0.037693798542022705, 0.051122721284627914, -0.11759890615940094, 0.015832383185625076, 0.05479178577661514, -0.02256496623158455, -0.050362929701805115, 0.061795853078365326, -0.0069039929658174515, -0.03611231595277786, -0.06590425968170166, 0.0236796997487545, 0.014526707120239735, -0.041774947196245193, 0.04800323396921158, -0.004359046462923288, 0.019946379587054253, -0.05001530423760414, 0.014950000680983067, 0.03171352297067642, -0.009133328683674335, 0.00832617748528719, -0.022161925211548805, 0.05375618487596512, 0.025360489264130592, 0.029051952064037323, 0.0006425900501199067, -0.045684635639190674, 0.03463687375187874, -0.019504524767398834, -0.017330626025795937, -0.037103310227394104, 0.02822825126349926, 0.02393740974366665, -0.05031725391745567, -0.02222229726612568, 0.041929420083761215, -0.029088109731674194, 0.011172400787472725, 0.0505543015897274, -0.004763927776366472, -0.02316935732960701, -0.006907403003424406, 0.03923414647579193, 0.05919688194990158, 0.035632357001304626, -0.013801923021674156, 0.05138256400823593, 0.01705910451710224, 0.006744157988578081, 0.021342046558856964, -0.015161055140197277, -0.01704641617834568, 0.005884646903723478, 0.02968185395002365, -0.008725385181605816, -0.06868980824947357, 0.0003698405926115811, -0.028020063415169716, -0.019328510388731956, 0.034200821071863174, 0.07995305210351944, -0.0009368557948619127, -0.10308516025543213, -0.003133086021989584, 0.03594525530934334, 0.03680865094065666, -0.10255113989114761, 0.03667427599430084, 0.03400339558720589, 0.022495349869132042, -0.04076444357633591, -0.035996999591588974, -0.017412440851330757, -0.012601480819284916, -0.008708789944648743, 0.05598936975002289, 0.015683425590395927, 0.012781364843249321, 0.03694911673665047, -0.029700547456741333, -0.028313731774687767, -0.023910291492938995, 0.03426118195056915, 0.029508480802178383, -0.004399644210934639, 0.0004534678009804338, 0.0006761184195056558, -0.08109316229820251, 0.0028298860415816307, 0.012961859814822674, -0.03949068486690521, 0.018018849194049835, -0.0006917126593180001, 0.0025237477384507656, 0.011173266917467117, 0.062247149646282196, -0.0014308292884379625, -0.04807187616825104, 0.01963151805102825, -0.016194764524698257, 0.020418748259544373, -0.031048474833369255, -0.04364539682865143, -0.010467621497809887, -0.0054255384020507336, -0.03115948662161827, 0.0013571155723184347, 0.06352265179157257, 0.005924217402935028, -0.02254033274948597, 0.025293385609984398, 0.0043717725202441216, -0.05211113020777702, 0.027790505439043045, 0.07988167554140091, 0.04255496338009834, 0.06987618654966354, 0.06354027986526489, 0.018164699897170067, -0.012858341448009014, -0.03239127993583679, -0.022511979565024376, 0.07426843792200089, -0.016762379556894302, -0.002433654386550188, -0.030089400708675385, -0.0002031742042163387, -0.03239471837878227, 0.030544141307473183, 0.029879072681069374, -0.011737298220396042, 0.007889334112405777, 0.021839845925569534, 0.02481207065284252, -0.06817197799682617, 0.0006189123960211873, -0.01009997446089983, -0.03470657020807266, -0.034505560994148254, 0.027050169184803963, -0.012373778969049454, -0.012266654521226883, -0.004167370498180389, -0.04742478206753731, -0.04634103551506996, -0.014518923126161098, 0.03900562599301338, -0.012272226624190807, -0.035403378307819366, -0.023316236212849617, -0.03487466648221016, 0.0007057655020616949, -0.07927975058555603, -0.025878624990582466, 0.01067396905273199, 0.05977257713675499, 0.040886327624320984, -0.011051631532609463, 0.02060350775718689, -0.08974497765302658, 0.021178152412176132, -0.035934701561927795, -0.015707407146692276, 0.05388451740145683, -0.06875339895486832, -0.01002095453441143, 0.05688616633415222, 0.03209306672215462, -0.001965022413060069, -0.03927159309387207, -0.0027853769715875387, 0.03035249374806881, 0.0012367427116259933, -0.049382127821445465, 0.027535293251276016, -0.02369033172726631, 0.059367310255765915, -0.002855493687093258, -0.02125728130340576, -0.07306861877441406, 0.009413467720150948, 0.03204668313264847, -0.04427005350589752, -0.04309108108282089, 0.008055757731199265, 0.054996058344841 ]
<p>I would like to point to the beautiful section 4.3 (page 42) of <a href="http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~xiyin/253b_Lectures.pdf">these lecture notes.</a> I think this is the most educative exposition I have ever seen anywhere about Yang-Mill's beta function. What I love best about it is that it does it without using diagramatics (and its confusing combinatorics)(..though of course these are equivalent..but I find this language most comfortable..) </p> <p>I have the following questions in relation to the above, </p> <ul> <li><p>In the above the author has picked out the terms quadratic in the fluctuations in equation 4.40 and evaluated the determinant and that gives the 1-loop effective action. </p> <p>What would one do in this method if one had to go to 2-loops or higher? What is the relationship between how many orders one keeps in the fluctuation field and how many loop result it translates into? (..if there a reference which shows going to higher loops in this method?..) </p></li> <li><p>Can I use the method in these notes to evaluate the corrected gauge or the Fermion propagator? If someone could outline the steps.. </p> <p>Here the author has chosen a constant and static background gauge (why?) and hence he has in 4.40 no term which is a derivative of the background gauge field left. I guess one would have to lift this restriction if one had to calculate the gauge field propagator correction. With this assumption about the background gauge field lifted I guess that one would have to then compute the $\Gamma^{1-loop}$ as defined in equation 4.41 and pick out the terms quadratic in the gauge field in it and invert that. </p></li> <li><p>In the above the author has picked out from $\Gamma^{1-loop}$ only the terms quartic in the gauge field and and calculated the divergent contribution to it which is the shift in the gauge coupling constant. But the gauge coupling constant is also multiplying the term cubic in the gauge field and there is a 1-loop shift even there. What about that? Is there some theorem which guarantees that the beta-function derived by tacking the cubic term would have been the same? </p></li> </ul> <p>I guess that since even after choosing a constant and static gauge field one can track a change in the gauge coupling constant through a quartic term, it makes sense. But if one were in a theory (or in light-cone gauge!) where the gauge coupling constant were existing only in a term which has derivatives of the gauge field then I guess this choice of a background would not work. </p> <p>I would like to know of a precise way of understanding the above. (...there is also the issue of whether the 1-loop effective action done this way can throw up terms that were removed by a gauge choice..and then what would one do..) </p>
g4579
[ 0.01693236455321312, -0.07275029271841049, -0.02615426480770111, -0.06245701387524605, 0.08273594826459885, 0.030388908460736275, 0.07663007825613022, -0.012776797637343407, 0.013480564579367638, -0.03030671365559101, -0.044523995369672775, 0.05596032738685608, 0.05991402268409729, 0.045544713735580444, 0.04443946108222008, -0.00748081598430872, 0.0729733407497406, 0.011895238421857357, -0.013955851085484028, -0.05968967825174332, 0.040166087448596954, 0.05537240579724312, 0.004968585446476936, -0.06057161092758179, -0.04310567304491997, -0.0019960340578109026, 0.03013761341571808, 0.01663328893482685, -0.029066698625683784, -0.009145678021013737, -0.008094608783721924, -0.01803593896329403, 0.052804648876190186, -0.02749788388609886, -0.018873609602451324, 0.07634278386831284, 0.06562261283397675, 0.04544008523225784, 0.01878342591226101, 0.02379225380718708, -0.021006353199481964, -0.041764695197343826, 0.04109584912657738, -0.0262038204818964, 0.02171088382601738, 0.036861028522253036, -0.03752831742167473, -0.00947767123579979, 0.03786080330610275, 0.04462267830967903, -0.013257339596748352, 0.013992213644087315, 0.05978277698159218, 0.013123185373842716, 0.009651370346546173, 0.0580245777964592, 0.03505624085664749, 0.03060625120997429, 0.017912281677126884, 0.030385076999664307, -0.009566809982061386, -0.0012301468523219228, 0.07743795961141586, -0.022528026252985, 0.0192766934633255, -0.029889455065131187, -0.026837104931473732, -0.013053401373326778, -0.08675681799650192, 0.04011274129152298, -0.011332756839692593, -0.04990886524319649, -0.029530266299843788, 0.00024569264496676624, -0.026516763493418694, 0.06331515312194824, 0.033384229987859726, -0.029111331328749657, -0.06617524474859238, -0.034137409180402756, -0.0869300365447998, -0.042308054864406586, 0.04354019835591316, 0.023290008306503296, 0.09034138172864914, -0.0522698275744915, 0.0019791829399764538, -0.01766284555196762, -0.07025649398565292, -0.06954705715179443, -0.032685596495866776, -0.04415399953722954, 0.012975171208381653, 0.03298497945070267, -0.029911864548921585, 0.017063599079847336, -0.009340424090623856, -0.013458143919706345, 0.008155353367328644, 0.0003683519607875496, -0.03845304623246193, 0.0334814228117466, 0.003400391200557351, 0.0245684627443552, -0.07603345066308975, -0.006904613226652145, 0.06626749038696289, -0.03648489713668823, -0.008048774674534798, -0.022839460521936417, -0.05976662412285805, -0.012019607238471508, -0.0003204050299245864, -0.05592556297779083, -0.05206530913710594, -0.03468669578433037, 0.09229103475809097, -0.039241429418325424, -0.014189769513905048, -0.005414803512394428, -0.04520449414849281, 0.036478109657764435, 0.013660449534654617, 0.020661160349845886, 0.029326334595680237, -0.03048086166381836, -0.09148886799812317, 0.047662317752838135, 0.024922002106904984, -0.054358504712581635, 0.04577893391251564, -0.04477480426430702, 0.030179014429450035, 0.008986212313175201, 0.00454955268651247, -0.03661510348320007, 0.011134467087686062, 0.0313439816236496, -0.015277651138603687, -0.003914752509444952, -0.05795234069228172, -0.05806576460599899, 0.005490263924002647, -0.009873258881270885, -0.02651471644639969, 0.07822157442569733, -0.007835502736270428, -0.006889305543154478, -0.0029833109583705664, -0.050325747579336166, 0.08372344821691513, 0.09181956201791763, 0.03703742101788521, 0.0016544327372685075, 0.018941620364785194, 0.01618940755724907, 0.07579116523265839, -0.04494251310825348, -0.017700759693980217, 0.013942118734121323, 0.05388936027884483, -0.05975597724318504, 0.028667304664850235, 0.024954846128821373, -0.05637418106198311, 0.040529344230890274, -0.015990586951375008, -0.0034369330387562513, -0.022680245339870453, -0.04651231691241264, -0.05598526448011398, 0.032430846244096756, 0.028105340898036957, -0.035014327615499496, 0.01916860230267048, 0.05505876988172531, -0.008448746986687183, -0.04935117065906525, -0.018890636041760445, -0.03002530336380005, 0.016787460073828697, 0.011951611377298832, -0.029544314369559288, -0.01678021438419819, -0.03217727690935135, -0.03978034481406212, 0.0222892165184021, 0.008886829949915409, 0.02082645706832409, -0.0337088368833065, -0.02771148458123207, -0.04202036187052727, -0.04034778103232384, 0.0259291660040617, -0.06383683532476425, -0.010132284834980965, 0.027771059423685074, -0.05569559335708618, 0.023057570680975914, -0.01258800644427538, -0.033953070640563965, 0.023312518373131752, 0.025220170617103577, -0.0704708993434906, 0.013949343003332615, 0.002240420551970601, 0.026207802817225456, -0.005298099014908075, -0.03568693622946739, -0.04088649898767471, 0.014851951040327549, -0.056767020374536514, 0.013821512460708618, -0.009166485629975796, -0.017015282064676285, -0.017672576010227203, 0.024260008707642555, 0.04005584493279457, -0.05559495836496353, 0.007598317228257656, -0.01470304187387228, -0.007699577137827873, 0.04871681332588196, 0.010892082005739212, -0.013141043484210968, 0.028391795232892036, 0.011448247358202934, 0.013753261417150497, -0.007687297184020281, 0.0703749731183052, -0.0803980827331543, 0.02180422469973564, -0.10318166017532349, -0.058090921491384506, 0.0028417117428034544, 0.03177393227815628, 0.027056356891989708, -0.032773423939943314, 0.030012281611561775, 0.0007180513348430395, 0.01626616343855858, 0.06749702244997025, -0.017889808863401413, 0.03128809481859207, 0.01842322014272213, 0.038067061454057693, 0.0769055038690567, 0.0449310764670372, -0.03898352384567261, -0.015023265033960342, 0.017422473058104515, 0.020851610228419304, -0.03678872063755989, 0.042133878916502, -0.015558143146336079, -0.05851982533931732, 0.0026799910701811314, 0.03982635959982872, -0.0414581261575222, -0.002330629387870431, 0.033862195909023285, -0.041052017360925674, 0.012618445791304111, 0.03517637774348259, 0.0015982616459950805, 0.0026016286574304104, -0.008492117747664452, -0.053002629429101944, -0.01039400976151228, -0.01275268942117691, -0.008582733571529388, -0.00182875688187778, 0.010166501626372337, 0.0345478393137455, -0.038220591843128204, -0.04416081681847572, -0.0004870443372055888, 0.0018435943638905883, 0.061918701976537704, -0.00425936933606863, 0.04031379148364067, -0.019869495183229446, -0.03193061798810959, -0.007837725803256035, 0.07099589705467224, -0.037469759583473206, 0.005748380441218615, -0.038212671875953674, 0.025076476857066154, 0.006782799027860165, -0.05225304514169693, -0.009602765552699566, -0.0025289778131991625, -0.007143508177250624, 0.002161736600100994, -0.030271530151367188, 0.04793045297265053, -0.035231489688158035, 0.028696754947304726, 0.04415547475218773, -0.00004778845686814748, -0.0011317386524751782, -0.03210971876978874, -0.01847854256629944, 0.03873548284173012, -0.007102177944034338, -0.039945684373378754, 0.019223621115088463, -0.004474422428756952, 0.0599050372838974, 0.012818536721169949, -0.014771468937397003, -0.023673299700021744, -0.055737998336553574, 0.026139136403799057, 0.013824855908751488, 0.022640634328126907, 0.0015033421805128455, 0.012269287370145321, 0.022871706634759903, -0.013906129635870457, -0.015862155705690384, 0.037181466817855835, -0.011008568108081818, -0.01485852524638176, 0.01733868196606636, -0.024481069296598434, 0.006002229638397694, -0.05330159515142441, -0.0016423225170001388, 0.058458298444747925, -0.031321510672569275, -0.014727835543453693, -0.03261284530162811, 0.035865314304828644, -0.06577335298061371, -0.0817589983344078, 0.007328739855438471, 0.003910242114216089, -0.0319940447807312, -0.02243725396692753, 0.006063305772840977, -0.043715741485357285, 0.010544250719249249, -0.006513104308396578, -0.02316167764365673, -0.0038022147491574287, -0.008420570753514767, -0.02679395116865635, -0.018162548542022705, 0.0441986545920372, -0.06234199181199074, -0.013341149315237999, 0.014202061109244823, 0.065754234790802, -0.02992856316268444, 0.031630560755729675, 0.10552015155553818, 0.007075615227222443, -0.014427482150495052, -0.002753174165263772, -0.001339078415185213, 0.018524231389164925, -0.0025666949804872274, -0.07008350640535355, 0.015400196425616741, -0.003649880178272724, 0.029633061960339546, -0.015597132034599781, -0.01507310476154089, 0.018977154046297073, -0.013974537141621113, -0.0010384778724983335, 0.019735051319003105, 0.00042395104537718, 0.009212072007358074, 0.016432171687483788, 0.03167606517672539, -0.049827925860881805, 0.05989767983555794, 0.01646260730922222, 0.016714464873075485, 0.050142064690589905, 0.046339359134435654, -0.034052737057209015, 0.05273899435997009, -0.0423823706805706, -0.023125117644667625, -0.0031301931012421846, 0.005607207305729389, 0.01665375381708145, 0.03274238482117653, -0.03167509287595749, -0.020190032199025154, 0.015723856166005135, -0.018871279433369637, 0.008109703660011292, 0.043296534568071365, 0.021667148917913437, 0.00888964906334877, 0.016600679606199265, -0.023269306868314743, 0.03292073681950569, -0.028791295364499092, -0.019743937999010086, -0.031697217375040054, -0.01316225714981556, -0.005025271791964769, 0.04693952947854996, -0.03375234454870224, -0.04039149358868599, 0.08256615698337555, 0.015349255874752998, -0.07848422229290009, 0.039782095700502396, -0.034681081771850586, 0.0276727806776762, -0.03747795522212982, 0.019152695313096046, -0.07392287254333496, 0.04669502004981041, 0.0193489920347929, -0.04242854192852974, -0.036197587847709656, 0.01895284838974476, 0.060508932918310165, 0.05110357329249382, -0.0009655249887146056, 0.012024919502437115, -0.07547171413898468, 0.021916551515460014, 0.05140870437026024, -0.033699411898851395, 0.050387416034936905, -0.0453924760222435, 0.052407532930374146, -0.015271899290382862, 0.028754571452736855, -0.007021151017397642, 0.04896740987896919, 0.05336882546544075, -0.012210560031235218, 0.024298513308167458, 0.010307297110557556, -0.026673048734664917, 0.00256266794167459, -0.033394843339920044, -0.019389338791370392, -0.019236765801906586, 0.01383232418447733, 0.02101072669029236, 0.04972388595342636, 0.00268196570686996, -0.01807994581758976, 0.03728420287370682, -0.07871678471565247, 0.014613673090934753, 0.06023397296667099, -0.030630260705947876, -0.003112926846370101, -0.031238604336977005, -0.014724278822541237, 0.04704151675105095, 0.011195504106581211, 0.021953541785478592, -0.010451317764818668, -0.013621998019516468, -0.013336422853171825, -0.05889536067843437, 0.006018401123583317, 0.012255617417395115, 0.011260691098868847, 0.0511951819062233, -0.04348047822713852, -0.02038031443953514, -0.011796293780207634, -0.018421636894345284, 0.007395374588668346, 0.0013734219828620553, -0.06104334071278572, -0.03627265244722366, -0.026409292593598366, 0.03654233366250992, 0.005786243826150894, -0.012460999190807343, -0.01814757101237774, -0.010783144272863865, -0.040513209998607635, 0.02400224842131138, -0.027654100209474564, 0.04786349833011627, 0.010229860432446003, 0.0631033182144165, -0.03718690574169159, 0.03493940457701683, 0.008119381032884121, 0.05971129983663559, 0.06283067911863327, 0.0043249973095953465, -0.017388965934515, -0.049844931811094284, 0.02833578921854496, -0.03971711918711662, -0.008180760778486729, -0.014918388798832893, 0.0646122470498085, 0.08645014464855194, -0.012483742088079453, 0.01802276447415352, -0.002358432859182358, -0.024582212790846825, -0.00013660914555657655, -0.018483037129044533, -0.002926100976765156, 0.023948276415467262, 0.019522981718182564, 0.0028709545731544495, -0.015415412373840809, -0.005069719161838293, -0.036248475313186646, 0.05823429301381111, 0.04385269805788994, 0.006096961908042431, -0.0209346953779459, -0.014916694723069668, -0.011868647299706936, -0.04762890934944153, -0.0468178428709507, 0.01686299964785576, -0.024167532101273537, -0.0005456035141833127, 0.026852238923311234, 0.009025579318404198, 0.015821991488337517, 0.01421105582267046, -0.0041178022511303425, 0.017478885129094124, -0.013587532564997673, 0.036225832998752594, 0.04655488580465317, 0.04231719672679901, 0.015550936572253704, 0.05904300883412361, 0.050794824957847595, -0.05561612546443939, -0.06642787903547287, -0.022930962964892387, -0.007427677046507597, 0.019261343404650688, -0.03932049497961998, -0.048527635633945465, 0.013307943008840084, 0.03359222784638405, 0.007220889441668987, -0.07505232840776443, 0.03274089843034744, 0.014106081798672676, -0.02466190606355667, -0.026040269061923027, -0.024184145033359528, -0.003896530717611313, -0.005519380327314138, 0.058419812470674515, -0.01442671474069357, 0.04358520731329918, -0.031262561678886414, 0.004437467083334923, -0.07442791014909744, -0.004581016022711992, 0.042391322553157806, 0.025236431509256363, -0.015201703645288944, -0.012261468917131424, 0.07094895094633102, 0.013076779432594776, 0.032455042004585266, -0.008675201795995235, -0.04169667139649391, -0.01568610593676567, -0.0016247162129729986, -0.055123500525951385, 0.04469704255461693, -0.04287640005350113, -0.031205013394355774, -0.009714317508041859, 0.08493863046169281, -0.03772382065653801, 0.021927447989583015, 0.023223066702485085, -0.06088186055421829, -0.013838347047567368, -0.017255153506994247, 0.035608869045972824, 0.026662278920412064, -0.0011936231749132276, 0.006611870601773262, -0.019044654443860054, 0.0199199877679348, 0.023397931829094887, -0.01196214184165001, 0.029482828453183174, 0.03410792350769043, -0.013984535820782185, -0.04488154500722885, 0.00026041167438961565, 0.03509068489074707, -0.01264949794858694, -0.002199275651946664, 0.019025014713406563, -0.019833886995911598, 0.020738082006573677, 0.008854863233864307, -0.007304982282221317, 0.006731268018484116, -0.019024640321731567, -0.03515133261680603, -0.026083486154675484, 0.04891984537243843, -0.0029171747155487537, -0.025864925235509872, 0.041617944836616516, 0.02243747003376484, 0.03500422090291977, -0.04916789382696152, 0.02676740474998951, 0.005540492944419384, 0.05224179849028587, -0.05591137334704399, 0.03797610104084015, 0.0063390713185071945, 0.02562674880027771, 0.03664148226380348, -0.03581271320581436, 0.051689356565475464, -0.01995524950325489, 0.07705305516719818, -0.03820224106311798, 0.0013740520225837827, -0.026356086134910583, 0.058383602648973465, -0.07711970061063766, 0.08068303763866425, 0.03126827999949455, 0.014273152686655521, 0.005372351035475731, -0.025707315653562546, 0.024031514301896095, 0.06348685920238495, -0.03938309848308563, 0.03062407858669758, 0.027395673096179962, -0.006197878625243902, -0.034046705812215805, 0.028138842433691025, -0.09531994163990021, 0.006613452918827534, 0.014929723925888538, 0.052551671862602234, -0.009019147604703903, -0.06851251423358917, -0.015354925766587257, -0.07136550545692444, 0.010977145284414291, -0.0039054243825376034, 0.01003951858729124, 0.02897750772535801, -0.043257929384708405, 0.00810732040554285, 0.02147672511637211, 0.01158666517585516, -0.002521510934457183, -0.011821187101304531, 0.014364289119839668, 0.02043931744992733, 0.025360699743032455, -0.032306037843227386, -0.045582935214042664, 0.011442366987466812, -0.035979609936475754, 0.03114246390759945, 0.0058896541595458984, -0.022247735410928726, 0.010321957059204578, -0.05655284970998764, -0.08936551213264465, -0.003849649103358388, -0.03616918623447418, 0.014874192886054516, 0.010850725695490837, -0.017186416313052177, 0.014690821059048176, -0.03676458075642586, -0.009416119195520878, -0.021130837500095367, -0.020817464217543602, 0.03995203599333763, 0.028028514236211777, -0.007892909459769726, 0.023006882518529892, 0.032647039741277695, 0.027699926868081093, -0.026817845180630684, -0.05248379334807396, -0.019447539001703262, 0.10724489390850067, 0.005644825752824545, -0.006548143457621336, -0.04812070354819298, -0.05175395309925079, -0.04134869948029518, -0.010506965219974518, 0.021547866985201836, -0.015182754956185818, 0.02729266881942749, 0.06595909595489502, 0.024650312960147858, -0.014656721614301205, 0.022754516452550888, -0.02745930664241314, 0.050879303365945816, -0.014900989830493927, 0.047910094261169434, -0.05142964422702789, -0.03865114226937294, -0.03704512119293213, -0.015225359238684177, 0.0059737637639045715, -0.029384054243564606, -0.010973585769534111, 0.007881974801421165, -0.029511457309126854, -0.0010043287184089422, -0.0778064951300621, 0.009226557798683643, -0.03658000007271767, 0.06708847731351852, 0.014135856181383133, 0.015958430245518684, 0.024638546630740166, 0.034794606268405914, -0.008406671695411205, -0.041523534804582596, 0.02747783623635769, -0.009261734783649445, 0.007720435503870249, -0.02871629036962986, 0.03498009219765663, -0.0005454401252791286, 0.034618645906448364, -0.016461055725812912, -0.03069491498172283, 0.034510884433984756, -0.025506265461444855, 0.03535943478345871, 0.06475245952606201, -0.0372220017015934, -0.0059295822866261005, -0.02753266878426075, 0.0194315854460001, 0.01654159277677536, -0.0011448602890595794, -0.0009796813828870654, 0.014835208654403687, 0.08252537995576859, -0.02201569825410843, 0.00935392826795578, -0.02305564470589161, -0.02950385771691799 ]
<p>I've looked in and out the forum, and found no precise definition of the meaning of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning" rel="nofollow">fine-tuning</a> in physics.</p> <p><strong>QUESTION</strong></p> <p>Is it possible to give a precise definition of fine-tuning?</p> <p>Of course, I guess most of us understand the empirical meaning of the phrase... but it seem so ethereal, that's the reason behind my question.</p>
g4580
[ 0.018388066440820694, 0.05363998934626579, -0.003256017342209816, 0.004694577306509018, 0.019608642905950546, -0.025185637176036835, 0.04821661487221718, 0.022730208933353424, 0.005525333806872368, -0.06598377227783203, -0.03647351637482643, 0.009234958328306675, 0.04842368885874748, 0.0024176116567105055, -0.018302666023373604, 0.020032214000821114, 0.08199635148048401, 0.04295971989631653, 0.103143610060215, -0.010654551908373833, 0.012335573323071003, 0.010390304028987885, 0.016254283487796783, -0.04361740127205849, -0.01819860190153122, -0.02067132666707039, -0.0037499088793992996, -0.07612613588571548, -0.01916622743010521, -0.018080269917845726, 0.0017475764034315944, -0.013537361286580563, 0.00742154847830534, 0.024307699874043465, 0.01220385916531086, -0.008073005825281143, -0.0026187412440776825, 0.05775737389922142, 0.045204002410173416, 0.030393440276384354, -0.027703190222382545, 0.011549338698387146, 0.011944811791181564, -0.0662674605846405, -0.02259749360382557, -0.011212087236344814, -0.007494975812733173, -0.02914942055940628, -0.010603209026157856, -0.0431319922208786, 0.027952108532190323, 0.031944457441568375, 0.042287375777959824, 0.04089023917913437, 0.0754421055316925, 0.018103862181305885, 0.07404408603906631, 0.049526698887348175, 0.011260333471000195, -0.006751113571226597, -0.009200622327625751, -0.014879729598760605, 0.024518607184290886, 0.011323942802846432, 0.048107538372278214, 0.006249043624848127, -0.0077193924225866795, -0.01949784904718399, -0.012247392907738686, -0.004579266998916864, -0.009648467414081097, -0.05590338259935379, -0.030575459823012352, -0.04727586358785629, -0.04181109368801117, -0.015801336616277695, -0.033680371940135956, -0.006497673224657774, 0.047418657690286636, -0.023544805124402046, -0.004111718852072954, -0.0011843971442431211, -0.052159424871206284, 0.04219656437635422, 0.03535454347729683, 0.014270012266933918, -0.025376591831445694, 0.0039268918335437775, 0.07234836369752884, 0.05562334135174751, 0.04549575597047806, 0.02450043149292469, 0.009215306490659714, -0.020867377519607544, -0.003298909403383732, -0.005958591587841511, -0.06059717759490013, 0.06633403897285461, 0.005260678939521313, 0.028995299711823463, -0.040627699345350266, -0.020772410556674004, -0.02559525892138481, -0.017297083511948586, 0.010487416759133339, 0.02581731788814068, -0.002595217665657401, 0.000739542709197849, -0.03274038806557655, -0.01734718680381775, -0.023728830739855766, 0.0020226112101227045, -0.025479210540652275, -0.01115224789828062, -0.03723369538784027, -0.001564181293360889, 0.05672202259302139, 0.053255945444107056, 0.019423475489020348, 0.07220494747161865, 0.012762986123561859, 0.00683567114174366, 0.07946014404296875, 0.0874546617269516, -0.04287854954600334, -0.006410045083612204, 0.01562642864882946, -0.021555688232183456, -0.043983712792396545, -0.015292433090507984, 0.009918393567204475, -0.06455373018980026, 0.005032429005950689, -0.04540512338280678, 0.010329197160899639, 0.013085804879665375, 0.028736170381307602, 0.029889069497585297, 0.02917066216468811, 0.022358078509569168, 0.01616254262626171, -0.06871654093265533, 0.047697827219963074, -0.05405846983194351, 0.0019400980090722442, -0.008549897000193596, -0.027416331693530083, 0.04285302385687828, 0.07545769214630127, -0.013454235158860683, 0.004395945463329554, 0.020763734355568886, 0.025174455717206, -0.06336542218923569, -0.01164662092924118, 0.01598496176302433, -0.006368805188685656, 0.013357508927583694, 0.010650969110429287, 0.024510053917765617, 0.004431205336004496, 0.009406154975295067, -0.05311812832951546, 0.028035512194037437, -0.041795890778303146, 0.0209735669195652, -0.00907605979591608, 0.009696662425994873, -0.027722258120775223, -0.023080648854374886, -0.06646575033664703, -0.028341496363282204, 0.05285970866680145, 0.00030542287277057767, 0.0492466539144516, 0.08134371042251587, 0.06727280467748642, -0.005236777476966381, -0.009575274772942066, 0.0040166317485272884, -0.03935299813747406, 0.0027448057662695646, -0.0077192955650389194, -0.005788357928395271, -0.017337245866656303, -0.0013466833624988794, 0.016659419983625412, -0.048808980733156204, -0.03748096898198128, -0.0005449809250421822, -0.022840600460767746, -0.004614074248820543, -0.014272782951593399, 0.045118000358343124, 0.01448926143348217, -0.04023096710443497, -0.0408051572740078, -0.07086002826690674, -0.003761579282581806, -0.006032486911863089, -0.015798749402165413, -0.01694646291434765, 0.045300085097551346, 0.009497489780187607, -0.027749234810471535, -0.007828217931091785, -0.018540456891059875, -0.030394116416573524, -0.015744077041745186, 0.03464241325855255, 0.03360463306307793, 0.03598899766802788, 0.02756856195628643, 0.03143838420510292, -0.01884506642818451, -0.04242583364248276, 0.008627783507108688, -0.05155089497566223, -0.02820640802383423, 0.02836490049958229, -0.0007204641005955637, -0.0052788350731134415, 0.00036595945130102336, 0.03503875061869621, -0.011223753914237022, -0.02499711513519287, 0.0014685369096696377, -0.000807900563813746, -0.0021656916942447424, -0.008324902504682541, -0.00407892931252718, -0.040282245725393295, -0.02831404097378254, -0.0039483970031142235, 0.04854099079966545, 0.02393098920583725, -0.018782388418912888, -0.0019342843443155289, -0.003611762775108218, 0.06995103508234024, 0.002271931618452072, -0.08011816442012787, -0.04074353724718094, -0.04821857064962387, -0.010000742971897125, 0.004202798940241337, 0.04233842343091965, -0.010307773016393185, -0.010819658637046814, -0.04440870136022568, 0.007650881540030241, -0.013529025949537754, 0.02840239740908146, -0.004780232440680265, 0.009808128699660301, -0.0041768597438931465, -0.04366958141326904, 0.028824592009186745, -0.022195808589458466, 0.03706212341785431, 0.020832352340221405, -0.025036582723259926, 0.019093092530965805, -0.07930267602205276, -0.006292793434113264, -0.019976336508989334, -0.035636916756629944, -0.01898046024143696, -0.015214337967336178, 0.003975133877247572, -0.0012798439711332321, -0.007257690187543631, 0.025465069338679314, 0.034585241228342056, -0.06815081834793091, 0.04014916345477104, -0.03838467225432396, -0.005037164315581322, 0.051131412386894226, 0.0013704008888453245, -0.03614905849099159, 0.0340939462184906, -0.03472086787223816, 0.025727178901433945, -0.0004789591475855559, 0.004848208278417587, -0.0006833127699792385, 0.015146847814321518, -0.0214084405452013, 0.04319155216217041, -0.026011109352111816, -0.059309206902980804, 0.06220056116580963, 0.036258358508348465, -0.06892108917236328, 0.04148252680897713, 0.05019101873040199, -0.009300719946622849, -0.0027370061725378036, 0.0644276961684227, 0.01966925524175167, 0.025049183517694473, 0.005735362879931927, 0.022537454962730408, 0.03159056231379509, 0.04755505174398422, 0.01105966605246067, -0.07711576670408249, -0.0134739326313138, 0.05841612070798874, -0.02297423779964447, 0.032618358731269836, 0.013678253628313541, 0.027113527059555054, -0.047463539987802505, 0.01129709929227829, -0.018992843106389046, 0.05285648629069328, 0.05223070830106735, -0.07030299305915833, 0.024767247959971428, -0.033781830221414566, 0.026195866987109184, -0.00024878355907276273, 0.015162201598286629, -0.02619306370615959, -0.03563208132982254, -0.05546048656105995, -0.025625748559832573, -0.0687638446688652, 0.04587600752711296, -0.006265765521675348, -0.06527506560087204, -0.01801973581314087, -0.051337629556655884, 0.014514042064547539, -0.010905672796070576, 0.007891573943197727, 0.06781050562858582, 0.0074792709201574326, -0.02715209685266018, -0.07413017004728317, -0.013175311498343945, -0.025768078863620758, -0.023810725659132004, 0.07750670611858368, -0.03366824612021446, -0.010482316836714745, 0.043046895414590836, 0.008294595405459404, 0.056003767997026443, 0.011323664337396622, -0.06332685798406601, -0.050083696842193604, -0.027374759316444397, -0.030216822400689125, 0.03955455124378204, -0.02277924120426178, -0.03168555721640587, -0.015460452996194363, 0.007574161980301142, 0.0009443386225029826, 0.019655270501971245, 0.00034846627386286855, -0.054917577654123306, 0.04115913435816765, -0.029675927013158798, 0.06997138261795044, -0.028052471578121185, 0.0009688215795904398, -0.04355103522539139, -0.030513718724250793, -0.044719256460666656, 0.08723824471235275, -0.04660054296255112, -0.0177015233784914, 0.029232719913125038, 0.031409598886966705, -0.0893457755446434, 0.009215065278112888, 0.04414231330156326, 0.06683100014925003, 0.00007986166019691154, -0.0009004949824884534, 0.046896882355213165, -0.029104359447956085, -0.011364972218871117, -0.06818422675132751, 0.03544871509075165, 0.03560217469930649, 0.02424841932952404, -0.02127681113779545, -0.03693360462784767, 0.02895188331604004, 0.021937085315585136, -0.04432728886604309, 0.03483228385448456, -0.020105881616473198, -0.043084774166345596, 0.09012839943170547, 0.0137924924492836, 0.0029633285012096167, -0.010543694719672203, 0.012968778610229492, -0.015120431780815125, -0.01610802300274372, 0.000578513543587178, -0.011339790187776089, -0.013631260953843594, -0.03592250496149063, -0.012159186415374279, -0.0481664203107357, 0.009538127109408379, -0.03367943316698074, -0.0030275778844952583, 0.030958514660596848, -0.007710687816143036, -0.02718040719628334, 0.010897273197770119, 0.009149022400379181, 0.0073712351731956005, 0.02995913103222847, 0.018041394650936127, -0.022699523717164993, -0.03806481882929802, 0.011487280949950218, -0.013632488436996937, 0.04379305988550186, 0.03533579409122467, -0.031157832592725754, 0.008897049352526665, 0.0042978147976100445, 0.02018580213189125, 0.03906137868762016, -0.028897222131490707, -0.013828275725245476, -0.025598688051104546, 0.003953251522034407, 0.014632177539169788, 0.03887204825878143, 0.009174101054668427, 0.012331495992839336, -0.01619577407836914, 0.010569924488663673, -0.02916686236858368, 0.030895739793777466, -0.0358307771384716, 0.03177078813314438, 0.005833457689732313, -0.02765050157904625, -0.05182889848947525, 0.026303056627511978, -0.0009052374516613781, 0.027589276432991028, -0.012668302282691002, 0.010831437073647976, 0.008897433988749981, -0.03905271738767624, 0.009931420907378197, 0.0010610894532874227, -0.05107388645410538, -0.041496433317661285, 0.02069324254989624, 0.025011494755744934, 0.0010106745176017284, 0.011271441355347633, 0.004643036052584648, -0.10201765596866608, -0.09560924768447876, -0.024083608761429787, -0.024052726104855537, -0.014686428010463715, 0.051802199333906174, 0.06806504726409912, 0.006740916054695845, -0.028450967743992805, 0.05053063482046127, 0.010766662657260895, -0.05223404988646507, 0.015365907922387123, -0.006965077482163906, -0.013216366991400719, 0.08176196366548538, -0.019666170701384544, 0.02369590662419796, -0.011610899120569229, -0.04773682728409767, 0.027901222929358482, -0.008268864825367928, 0.027709033340215683, 0.03047637827694416, 0.02749086730182171, 0.02860204502940178, -0.019948692992329597, -0.011900672689080238, -0.0486677922308445, 0.005101436283439398, 0.007781758438795805, 0.00041553896153345704, -0.019429363310337067, -0.02720021829009056, 0.021245617419481277, -0.00039950618520379066, 0.030100369825959206, -0.014041995629668236, 0.0472671240568161, 0.027271313592791557, -0.07706797868013382, -0.010265246964991093, 0.021858181804418564, -0.030205613002181053, 0.024805285036563873, -0.01200088206678629, -0.05974508449435234, 0.050655923783779144, 0.01740272156894207, 0.028509212657809258, 0.026357699185609818, -0.023154374212026596, -0.03469764441251755, 0.01925918646156788, 0.05789811164140701, -0.03588082641363144, -0.014470924623310566, -0.010577980428934097, -0.06364921480417252, -0.034774765372276306, 0.0408867709338665, 0.008198653347790241, 0.05230921134352684, 0.01362787839025259, 0.08298066258430481, 0.006341830361634493, 0.021209675818681717, 0.04690517485141754, -0.0393192283809185, 0.028721505776047707, -0.027454329654574394, -0.10727895051240921, 0.009773166850209236, -0.018668295815587044, 0.0904294103384018, -0.022134141996502876, 0.06459181755781174, 0.0382680706679821, -0.025559749454259872, -0.029708631336688995, 0.011882159858942032, 0.06436609476804733, -0.0005297261523082852, -0.030424660071730614, -0.06991530954837799, -0.05019048601388931, -0.030188651755452156, 0.006507941987365484, 0.07298001646995544, -0.00025396261480636895, -0.062211327254772186, 0.02968617156147957, -0.05998694896697998, -0.021813781931996346, 0.008116651326417923, -0.0230302382260561, 0.04490625858306885, -0.010030888020992279, -0.029875554144382477, -0.06407530605792999, -0.05437062680721283, 0.025079062208533287, 0.05004869028925896, -0.029968803748488426, 0.012881002388894558, 0.01655495911836624, -0.010497279465198517, 0.019080746918916702, 0.004661775194108486, -0.09733794629573822, 0.02651919610798359, -0.03255176544189453, -0.0467289574444294, 0.01705971173942089, -0.002594855148345232, 0.08868485689163208, -0.021753497421741486, -0.03520597890019417, 0.010469341650605202, -0.02911541983485222, 0.045530810952186584, 0.010630280710756779, 0.011739498004317284, -0.03760132938623428, 0.011765955947339535, -0.04735506698489189, 0.05028668791055679, -0.04286180064082146, 0.0025774084497243166, -0.022973427549004555, -0.0019824723713099957, -0.06303949654102325, 0.0785539299249649, -0.007291895337402821, -0.02403159625828266, -0.013692162930965424, 0.05573727935552597, -0.0015594179276376963, 0.03092464990913868, 0.013266081921756268, 0.06239115074276924, -0.06994671374559402, 0.025099659338593483, -0.03370260074734688, 0.03485185652971268, 0.04184254631400108, -0.012799374759197235, -0.11747754365205765, -0.03811381384730339, 0.012378932908177376, -0.021321846172213554, -0.044468626379966736, 0.0038271250668913126, 0.05154286324977875, -0.028614871203899384, 0.013975902460515499, -0.00965814758092165, -0.004510580096393824, 0.05705924704670906, -0.014110992662608624, 0.0010790126398205757, 0.049480803310871124, -0.06042666733264923, -0.012904824689030647, -0.00860466156154871, -0.01683657430112362, -0.005094039253890514, -0.021273603662848473, 0.062179699540138245, -0.06670023500919342, -0.009100117720663548, 0.04915517568588257, 0.006874856539070606, -0.050823505967855453, 0.07835830003023148, 0.06469038873910904, -0.019135206937789917, -0.05962859094142914, -0.04401520639657974, -0.0071034664288163185, -0.016606895253062248, -0.016743073239922523, 0.01394811924546957, 0.049161866307258606, -0.015244750306010246, -0.04632535204291344, 0.03411472961306572, 0.0382593534886837, 0.0782063826918602, -0.013900788500905037, 0.0977015495300293, -0.011420599184930325, -0.06618169695138931, -0.032484009861946106, 0.0536920540034771, 0.037399593740701675, 0.0007561469683423638, -0.016273874789476395, 0.05590160936117172, -0.03863741457462311, -0.05525427684187889, -0.03139875456690788, -0.023251973092556, 0.05015871301293373, 0.004737615119665861, 0.011691788211464882, -0.004997132811695337, 0.06490898132324219, -0.046711329370737076, -0.015217830426990986, 0.08044364303350449, 0.0017458308720961213, -0.014276335015892982, 0.05960133299231529, 0.003944140858948231, 0.0070086028426885605, -0.0008948899921961129, -0.08869045972824097, 0.017467239871621132, -0.018510404974222183, 0.014326049946248531, 0.0008632823592051864, -0.00450156582519412, -0.01955001801252365, 0.025782035663723946, -0.03993827477097511, -0.028890429064631462, -0.04049372673034668, 0.008093519136309624, 0.03522162511944771, -0.012661777436733246, 0.024841781705617905, -0.013042690232396126, 0.024392392486333847, 0.04721786081790924, -0.035044115036726, 0.04095081612467766, 0.030553361400961876, 0.021073609590530396, -0.04601719602942467, -0.01757175289094448, -0.00869398657232523, -0.0035199117846786976, -0.016192134469747543, -0.011042198166251183, 0.02538757584989071, 0.02426336333155632, 0.043572064489126205, 0.005363802891224623, 0.05752469226717949, -0.07184834033250809, -0.06515827775001526, 0.04620073363184929, -0.029002217575907707, 0.006318225525319576, 0.048651356250047684, 0.01751522533595562, -0.03644338995218277, 0.028981462121009827, -0.02362636663019657, 0.013148104771971703, -0.027478182688355446, 0.027407946065068245, -0.014076663181185722, -0.0041832756251096725, 0.04706624895334244, 0.05962153524160385, -0.03620836138725281, -0.0053305248729884624, 0.019798683002591133, 0.06423401832580566, 0.006098979152739048, 0.020865466445684433, -0.0022035965230315924, -0.011133645661175251, -0.025596145540475845, -0.004884935449808836, 0.024410583078861237, -0.008935920894145966, 0.015444457530975342, 0.04850056394934654, -0.026858782395720482, -0.061587583273649216, -0.029547380283474922, 0.0636858344078064, -0.03615279123187065, 0.03125934302806854, 0.03997522220015526, -0.029980311170220375, 0.019805345684289932, 0.008968609385192394, 0.038237400352954865, 0.010938282124698162, -0.014678220264613628, 0.024409055709838867, -0.011887898668646812, -0.025442976504564285, -0.03356190025806427, -0.06685919314622879, 0.004047361668199301, 0.010288487188518047 ]
<p>I've come across a problem with finding the energy stored in time/frequency electric field. In space/time we have (taking $\epsilon = 1$)</p> <p>$$ Energy = \frac{1}{2} \int_V |\mathbf{E}(\mathbf{x},t)|^2 \;d^3x $$ </p> <p>But, I presume that the formula is different for a frequency-dependent electric field. I've searched Griffiths and Jackson but can't quite find what I'm looking for...</p> <p>I've also tried to Fourier transform my expression for the electric field back to space/time, but my electric field is a fairly gruesome expression - I couldn't FT it easily. I was hoping to compute the energy from $E(\mathbf{x},\omega)$ via computational integral, once I find an expression for the energy.</p>
g4581
[ 0.05416165292263031, 0.04211493209004402, -0.038515422493219376, -0.05593204125761986, 0.001627594232559204, -0.04909084737300873, 0.010228263214230537, 0.023662181571125984, -0.07326975464820862, 0.0015338461380451918, -0.0011325943050906062, 0.0152104701846838, 0.0020970057230442762, -0.029433157294988632, -0.04573795944452286, 0.04572462663054466, 0.060165099799633026, 0.052156731486320496, -0.051432039588689804, -0.0018304572440683842, -0.023152900859713554, -0.010703624226152897, 0.023569345474243164, -0.011813132092356682, 0.030683275312185287, -0.019325071945786476, 0.08760536462068558, -0.017437346279621124, -0.022610481828451157, -0.08436496555805206, -0.02474689856171608, 0.042725782841444016, 0.0454632043838501, 0.01167675293982029, -0.05160112679004669, -0.01973382569849491, 0.008702035062015057, -0.005627584643661976, 0.0652301087975502, 0.014936826191842556, -0.001214593998156488, -0.006346102803945541, -0.0088470708578825, 0.04818182438611984, -0.02166125550866127, -0.024069173261523247, -0.04137705639004707, 0.01881486549973488, -0.023645665496587753, 0.002427811501547694, -0.010240936651825905, 0.04971816763281822, 0.06189734861254692, -0.024450410157442093, -0.0035636359825730324, -0.03971574455499649, 0.04991646483540535, -0.014645086601376534, 0.019987650215625763, 0.006288993638008833, 0.010512413457036018, -0.07805079221725464, -0.03219237178564072, -0.000967527914326638, 0.020277297124266624, -0.03404027968645096, -0.009679809212684631, -0.0011569735361263156, -0.029492147266864777, -0.026946768164634705, -0.011143703013658524, -0.0013540990184992552, 0.01323031447827816, -0.012177500873804092, 0.0011758505133911967, 0.01362407673150301, 0.04718048870563507, -0.003911315929144621, -0.01977447234094143, -0.018256815150380135, -0.006134734023362398, 0.033979080617427826, -0.017294885590672493, -0.003902006195858121, -0.010808693245053291, -0.05969323590397835, -0.006659179460257292, 0.04156815633177757, 0.04441789910197258, -0.003945855889469385, -0.04376787319779396, 0.05584750324487686, 0.0649070292711258, -0.044794369488954544, 0.019830888137221336, -0.010977028869092464, -0.02265104651451111, 0.03987903147935867, -0.02629006654024124, -0.030593134462833405, 0.014831079170107841, -0.062257908284664154, 0.02586267702281475, -0.014559410512447357, -0.007143077440559864, -0.04569071903824806, 0.0036651832051575184, -0.019482707604765892, -0.03736221417784691, -0.021143000572919846, -0.008082998916506767, -0.029829325154423714, -0.017034895718097687, -0.03930574283003807, -0.04451235011219978, 0.0005401282687671483, 0.01567121408879757, -0.05860816687345505, -0.018368853256106377, 0.018259722739458084, -0.030024453997612, -0.022917939350008965, 0.05406992509961128, 0.04332185909152031, -0.028329432010650635, 0.03376005217432976, -0.0006423271261155605, 0.036094047129154205, -0.008691840805113316, -0.01470342930406332, -0.004477058071643114, -0.00729003269225359, 0.03701135143637657, -0.006802860647439957, -0.015093524008989334, 0.047689348459243774, -0.049499429762363434, 0.02107151411473751, 0.006208212114870548, 0.02002168633043766, -0.013431424275040627, -0.023486388847231865, 0.009666507132351398, -0.004699359182268381, -0.04584428668022156, 0.044529810547828674, -0.07374601811170578, -0.14123551547527313, 0.049005020409822464, 0.01604229211807251, 0.02263787016272545, 0.07204549759626389, -0.033987950533628464, -0.035737358033657074, 0.037386175245046616, -0.015575317665934563, 0.022234993055462837, 0.013287504203617573, -0.025200065225362778, 0.0035993147175759077, 0.06518743932247162, 0.058043234050273895, 0.029221834614872932, -0.027423005551099777, 0.0068637654185295105, -0.0040476503781974316, 0.010599611327052116, -0.04803550988435745, -0.015470098704099655, -0.06821368634700775, -0.037187445908784866, 0.0024388229940086603, 0.041520047932863235, -0.003668497782200575, -0.0008386921836063266, 0.08077769726514816, -0.010314134880900383, -0.037904150784015656, -0.014194880612194538, -0.011849002912640572, 0.013723966665565968, -0.016270475462079048, 0.0338909849524498, -0.02255816012620926, 0.048005666583776474, -0.016475794836878777, -0.00041916617192327976, 0.008535830304026604, -0.06616729497909546, 0.03562282398343086, 0.0031991656869649887, 0.061474286019802094, 0.02205875888466835, 0.04664856195449829, -0.00556535180658102, 0.06392417848110199, -0.02487253211438656, -0.07873043417930603, -0.028183579444885254, 0.005530481692403555, 0.032629817724227905, -0.0017656791023910046, 0.10277369618415833, 0.029780268669128418, 0.06707032024860382, 0.016133703291416168, -0.001807530876249075, -0.06329290568828583, 0.0081650884822011, -0.01762736216187477, -0.016100766137242317, -0.03613099455833435, -0.02223300375044346, 0.06205255910754204, 0.06725619733333588, -0.0034457470756024122, -0.042664963752031326, -0.020152119919657707, -0.034231431782245636, -0.0017441506497561932, -0.04504711925983429, -0.014633589424192905, 0.07162253558635712, -0.021397318691015244, -0.017038708552718163, -0.006178090814501047, -0.015019578859210014, -0.057634033262729645, -0.08765971660614014, 0.014205383136868477, -0.04097607359290123, 0.04164343699812889, -0.027292976155877113, -0.04983541741967201, 0.04997725412249565, 0.008594131097197533, -0.04020419716835022, -0.020606590434908867, 0.03876914456486702, 0.028177063912153244, -0.01639513112604618, 0.01134115643799305, 0.044666267931461334, -0.012891728430986404, -0.0012202708749100566, -0.023494314402341843, 0.06917553395032883, 0.017567336559295654, 0.013553514145314693, -0.010152553208172321, 0.0017152565997093916, -0.010885055176913738, -0.06653933227062225, 0.004670746624469757, -0.03316885605454445, -0.008337251842021942, -0.013441650196909904, 0.029962074011564255, -0.037455298006534576, -0.04921978339552879, -0.02946864254772663, -0.022918764501810074, 0.008149019442498684, 0.05945373699069023, -0.0032773283310234547, -0.020582349970936775, -0.0049676899798214436, 0.02748049981892109, 0.015344429761171341, -0.020010946318507195, -0.011761958710849285, 0.04026038944721222, 0.019467521458864212, -0.017809422686696053, 0.06598450243473053, -0.09808466583490372, -0.006605631206184626, -0.04836361110210419, 0.05188414454460144, -0.02023947797715664, -0.020662562921643257, -0.052012816071510315, 0.009530778974294662, 0.0826060026884079, -0.03736719861626625, -0.03782636299729347, 0.0299653522670269, 0.012400610372424126, -0.0018361103720963001, -0.00846140831708908, 0.0012557973386719823, 0.005693566519767046, -0.03377116844058037, -0.04196426272392273, -0.05903596431016922, 0.03625209629535675, 0.025071633979678154, -0.029961062595248222, 0.030417155474424362, 0.054448992013931274, 0.03316420316696167, 0.0036130540538579226, 0.03405364975333214, 0.007702197413891554, 0.009922454133629799, -0.005877085495740175, -0.0486392080783844, -0.03828851878643036, 0.03985362872481346, -0.010125523433089256, 0.002171768806874752, 0.010213848203420639, 0.03999275714159012, -0.016116824001073837, -0.08940336108207703, 0.026679715141654015, 0.0024921901058405638, -0.07767607271671295, 0.0018375087529420853, -0.02559341862797737, -0.017073294147849083, -0.024491678923368454, 0.016244618222117424, -0.024484140798449516, -0.002131030196323991, 0.048098813742399216, -0.03876715525984764, 0.0031655204948037863, -0.03333105146884918, -0.01917770877480507, -0.033369459211826324, -0.024490797892212868, 0.043618008494377136, -0.020316865295171738, 0.015776680782437325, -0.0016502063954249024, -0.061928294599056244, 0.03129925578832626, 0.006977192126214504, -0.028483746573328972, 0.0044438899494707584, 0.033600762486457825, -0.03562946245074272, -0.011976671405136585, -0.010603235103189945, -0.014635070227086544, -0.022833559662103653, 0.026585306972265244, 0.007861096411943436, -0.005654696375131607, -0.03848716616630554, -0.04421220347285271, 0.027804691344499588, 0.007615826558321714, -0.0004136840580031276, 0.017657823860645294, 0.007444343995302916, 0.025513963773846626, 0.0212421752512455, 0.007740802131593227, -0.008331154473125935, -0.061942726373672485, 0.030436107888817787, -0.03193723410367966, -0.02370871789753437, -0.07035215944051743, -0.013816106133162975, 0.0371704064309597, -0.030039047822356224, -0.009168695658445358, 0.027198631316423416, 0.004441832657903433, 0.06174468994140625, 0.019756903871893883, -0.027702491730451584, -0.09774821251630783, -0.013059165328741074, 0.0021759162191301584, -0.016808535903692245, 0.022847652435302734, 0.001232284470461309, -0.012665877118706703, 0.05019387602806091, 0.01830533891916275, 0.046163756400346756, -0.022583626210689545, 0.00032080902019515634, 0.04531322792172432, 0.0004481594078242779, 0.01668749563395977, 0.009717007167637348, -0.025823460891842842, -0.008706335909664631, 0.015734698623418808, -0.0231479462236166, -0.05321091413497925, 0.03980327025055885, -0.02861417829990387, -0.04086390510201454, 0.010920947417616844, 0.11015781760215759, -0.022969501093029976, 0.009832869283854961, 0.005965107586234808, -0.009735483676195145, 0.019785074517130852, 0.08419244736433029, -0.07739084213972092, -0.009463601745665073, -0.039303991943597794, -0.03689032047986984, -0.06738421320915222, 0.04813283681869507, -0.06807689368724823, -0.04693112149834633, 0.014811038039624691, 0.03348538652062416, -0.03733593225479126, 0.09324730932712555, -0.005808705929666758, 0.0024440251290798187, 0.017905408516526222, -0.009799551218748093, -0.01721540279686451, -0.02042095549404621, 0.06389615684747696, 0.05910699442028999, 0.011748780496418476, -0.02760719321668148, 0.038468845188617706, 0.012636067345738411, 0.04277649521827698, -0.04371509701013565, 0.004449770320206881, -0.07194556295871735, 0.03790386766195297, -0.016151612624526024, 0.00806983932852745, 0.013462758623063564, 0.025261199101805687, 0.09603975713253021, -0.02381649985909462, 0.0026538160163909197, -0.00699639692902565, -0.03229057416319847, 0.04332667961716652, -0.057069264352321625, -0.06398560106754303, 0.02691693976521492, 0.00124658877030015, 0.037761587649583817, 0.05142786353826523, 0.006080779246985912, -0.004189244005829096, 0.02435184083878994, -0.013086535967886448, -0.041130468249320984, -0.001860083662904799, 0.05918261781334877, 0.027178075164556503, -0.054882168769836426, -0.0007803362677805126, -0.05583313852548599, 0.02998683601617813, 0.057252004742622375, 0.01792415976524353, -0.043714672327041626, -0.03857661411166191, 0.012759890407323837, -0.007186913397163153, 0.057642560452222824, -0.009766287170350552, 0.004308315459638834, -0.019798099994659424, 0.027612337842583656, 0.004233716521412134, 0.01070413738489151, -0.04443908482789993, -0.018625352531671524, -0.045966893434524536, -0.014548377133905888, -0.04027869179844856, 0.015444457530975342, 0.06835339963436127, -0.018357379361987114, 0.012554332613945007, -0.02476949617266655, 0.033489130437374115, 0.024765409529209137, -0.015244707465171814, 0.01570437103509903, 0.07890596240758896, 0.03621036931872368, -0.04489550366997719, 0.02220950461924076, 0.02541661448776722, -0.005161608569324017, 0.012760613113641739, -0.020548228174448013, 0.00292736804112792, -0.004521071445196867, 0.04001124948263168, -0.0803905501961708, -0.010280424728989601, 0.021028758957982063, 0.041190989315509796, 0.04838385060429573, 0.0573597215116024, -0.03891228139400482, 0.02257607877254486, 0.015572930686175823, -0.012478108517825603, 0.03295948728919029, 0.02753240428864956, 0.04673469066619873, -0.03314526751637459, -0.009050766006112099, -0.005257098004221916, 0.020236587151885033, -0.049350012093782425, 0.031147850677371025, 0.02724476344883442, 0.021343881264328957, -0.022083912044763565, 0.05048195272684097, 0.0473976656794548, -0.03719170764088631, -0.07721728086471558, -0.0030733414459973574, 0.0078038666397333145, -0.02087664231657982, -0.00737728551030159, -0.055018264800310135, -0.03804919868707657, 0.021501844748854637, 0.003851398127153516, -0.03111322782933712, -0.044845256954431534, 0.001721670269034803, 0.01862499676644802, -0.008435873314738274, -0.007608039304614067, 0.004884358029812574, -0.05472623556852341, -0.051829829812049866, 0.01396667305380106, 0.02484169229865074, -0.056643690913915634, 0.03911383077502251, 0.0034104487858712673, 0.05374353006482124, -0.025856776162981987, 0.004474332090467215, -0.058828774839639664, 0.04374202340841293, 0.039564330130815506, 0.03166267275810242, -0.008406016044318676, -0.0558200404047966, 0.0016943361843004823, -0.004841503221541643, -0.01807061955332756, 0.010210330598056316, -0.010848511010408401, 0.05565675348043442, 0.00313235423527658, 0.07629024982452393, 0.022955017164349556, 0.028359107673168182, 0.00007019854092504829, 0.042928751558065414, 0.016331445425748825, -0.0029535130597651005, 0.000912421615794301, 0.0375080443918705, -0.0031809434294700623, -0.014193128794431686, -0.04509761929512024, -0.014749933034181595, -0.016120294108986855, 0.020782992243766785, -0.03657257556915283, 0.0316583625972271, -0.002256502863019705, -0.011013070121407509, 0.015699146315455437, -0.02205963246524334, -0.06066134199500084, 0.06946276873350143, -0.03749225288629532, -0.0016443103086203337, 0.015002409927546978, 0.026284482330083847, 0.013002948835492134, 0.002660823054611683, -0.02365829236805439, 0.016873976215720177, 0.0012600707123056054, 0.04645989462733269, 0.06090643256902695, -0.010689636692404747, 0.006488346029073, 0.022213157266378403, -0.05013950169086456, 0.05377865210175514, 0.022427139803767204, -0.0008736693416722119, 0.005641469731926918, -0.005682447925209999, 0.0069858618080616, 0.0022449304815381765, -0.016692200675606728, 0.024059252813458443, -0.006972407456487417, -0.06153039634227753, -0.018589889630675316, 0.04111003503203392, 0.037036068737506866, 0.016960205510258675, 0.021237164735794067, 0.04974433407187462, -0.002334123943001032, -0.05246008187532425, -0.005386390257626772, 0.03445613384246826, 0.030031265690922737, -0.04318609833717346, 0.013223882764577866, 0.03142299875617027, -0.06843072175979614, 0.039647769182920456, 0.027855828404426575, -0.023496506735682487, 0.05175398290157318, 0.01861298643052578, -0.03256184980273247, -0.0144776850938797, 0.03585680574178696, -0.03659011423587799, 0.04564381018280983, -0.05653582885861397, 0.042181700468063354, 0.03254518285393715, 0.005820669699460268, -0.04282163828611374, -0.017575327306985855, 0.016982663422822952, 0.015097918920218945, -0.02745787799358368, 0.021506085991859436, 0.06559089571237564, 0.005469811614602804, -0.003527768887579441, -0.030933398753404617, -0.044906582683324814, -0.009916040115058422, 0.005561535246670246, -0.01912914216518402, 0.02741009183228016, -0.04480389505624771, 0.023524999618530273, -0.044423192739486694, -0.049024637788534164, 0.04254288971424103, 0.008656607940793037, 0.04735086113214493, 0.041899897158145905, -0.027139244601130486, 0.06370382755994797, -0.050976626574993134, 0.01791091449558735, -0.03137938678264618, -0.013226713985204697, -0.0035980839747935534, -0.05805549398064613, -0.01830301433801651, -0.0024653743021190166, 0.0813635066151619, -0.06249804422259331, -0.002740683499723673, -0.05159467086195946, -0.004334343131631613, -0.06654438376426697, 0.007138258311897516, 0.025508899241685867, 0.040776871144771576, -0.05101862549781799, -0.01292884349822998, 0.011418763548135757, 0.07992012798786163, -0.04437852278351784, 0.04264974594116211, 0.004162597004324198, -0.006903181783854961, -0.007128937169909477, -0.048427764326334, 0.051377542316913605, 0.01974157989025116, 0.0730515569448471, 0.03422359377145767, 0.013369922526180744, -0.052948959171772, 0.037861019372940063, -0.006728651933372021, -0.029148995876312256, 0.002910635666921735, -0.005454014986753464, -0.03368619456887245, -0.03450412675738335, 0.05211656913161278, 0.03844809904694557, 0.005630859639495611, 0.029583292081952095, 0.04095464572310448, 0.09186852723360062, -0.026839951053261757, -0.0254665557295084, 0.0429222546517849, 0.006850717589259148, -0.02103743888437748, -0.01713826321065426, -0.011114506050944328, -0.03302547335624695, -0.0018200203776359558, 0.06767260283231735, 0.022513968870043755, -0.08795251697301865, -0.017804592847824097, 0.10617749392986298, -0.03621247783303261, -0.0025568464770913124, -0.0008756110910326242, 0.002901501953601837, -0.015149378217756748, 0.031944818794727325, 0.005211646668612957, 0.021590590476989746, -0.0254267118871212, 0.020508719608187675, 0.024492500349879265, 0.05085255205631256, -0.014418627135455608, -0.026284435763955116, -0.023657696321606636, -0.006409324239939451, -0.011568277142941952, -0.06416898965835571, 0.006299667526036501, 0.06396813690662384, -0.027898328378796577, 0.041792016476392746, -0.043707750737667084, -0.059764571487903595, 0.027178235352039337, 0.06221408769488335, -0.04545871913433075, 0.02684957906603813, -0.01879946142435074, 0.04431767016649246, 0.020964378491044044, -0.008344450034201145, 0.006563310511410236, -0.022996840998530388, 0.03136688843369484, 0.022508390247821808, -0.07132332026958466, 0.060818396508693695, 0.05519996955990791 ]
<p>I was watching a youtube video the other day where an economist said that he challenged his physics professor on this question back when he was in school. His professor said each scenario is the same, while he said that they are different, and he said he supplied a proof showing otherwise.</p> <p>He didn't say whether or not the cars are the same mass, but I assumed they were. To state it more clearly, in the first instance each car is traveling at 50mph in the opposite direction and they collide with each other. In the second scenario, a car travels at 100 mph and crashes into a brick wall. Which one is "worse"?</p> <p>When I first heard it, I thought, "of course they're the same!" But then I took a step back and thought about it again. It seems like in the first scenario the total energy of the system is the KE of the two cars, or $\frac{1}{2}mv^2 + \frac{1}{2}mv^2 = mv^2$. In the second scenario, it's the KE of the car plus wall, which is $\frac{1}{2}m(2v)^2 + 0 = 2mv^2$. So the car crashing into the wall has to absorb (and dissipate via heat) twice as much energy, so crashing into the wall is in fact worse.</p> <p>Is this correct?</p> <p>To clarify, I'm not concerned with the difference between a wall and a car, and I don't think that's what the question is getting at. Imagine instead that in the second scenario, a car is crashing at 100mph into the same car sitting there at 0mph (with it's brakes on of course). First scenario is the same, two of the same cars going 50mph in opposite directions collide. Are those two situations identical?</p>
g58
[ 0.07517026364803314, 0.005177817773073912, 0.024625316262245178, 0.036737482994794846, 0.05074061080813408, -0.025673506781458855, 0.030910521745681763, 0.0011326551903039217, -0.08156182616949081, -0.012815337628126144, -0.0009892783127725124, -0.03344270586967468, 0.010379085317254066, 0.019061440601944923, -0.0018634253647178411, -0.02082870714366436, 0.10844127088785172, -0.03884589672088623, -0.0005677837762050331, 0.048064231872558594, -0.03007914125919342, 0.0023574824444949627, -0.026969941332936287, 0.013666399754583836, -0.02162879705429077, -0.013505837880074978, -0.04595772549510002, -0.022080235183238983, -0.060892801731824875, -0.02635704167187214, 0.06621410697698593, 0.005716253072023392, 0.04392305016517639, -0.06884808093309402, -0.08450787514448166, 0.0015722262905910611, 0.01665383018553257, -0.05006095767021179, -0.026817305013537407, -0.013864889740943909, 0.07930531352758408, -0.03350582718849182, 0.0549958311021328, -0.024350440129637718, 0.0016378900036215782, -0.046952780336141586, -0.03211648762226105, -0.008772161789238453, 0.0022034826688468456, 0.049733713269233704, -0.018291085958480835, 0.039149943739175797, 0.04252730682492256, 0.06022239848971367, 0.04445572942495346, -0.01608441397547722, 0.044975560158491135, -0.01446318905800581, 0.05316644161939621, 0.04699685797095299, -0.03094351850450039, 0.01573932357132435, -0.020837316289544106, -0.06193294748663902, 0.027453824877738953, 0.010286744683980942, 0.001123060006648302, 0.06545697152614594, 0.04154633358120918, -0.038020357489585876, 0.03882396221160889, 0.021077420562505722, -0.0403834767639637, -0.05401929095387459, 0.030735312029719353, -0.07038456201553345, 0.010044557973742485, -0.04248611256480217, 0.08730563521385193, 0.019413866102695465, -0.036653853952884674, 0.040372785180807114, 0.012218671850860119, 0.018790455535054207, 0.04687495529651642, 0.021434875205159187, -0.0178220234811306, 0.029798736795783043, 0.006817392073571682, 0.02273632399737835, 0.01610419899225235, -0.018485449254512787, 0.06744381785392761, 0.027062559500336647, -0.059195626527071, -0.007888981141149998, -0.03744073212146759, 0.04544958099722862, 0.02951056696474552, 0.0430091992020607, 0.006935940124094486, -0.031652115285396576, -0.00947651732712984, 0.04142080619931221, -0.011282520368695259, -0.019995752722024918, 0.01385608222335577, 0.0226672925055027, -0.04562896490097046, -0.05973678082227707, -0.017778905108571053, -0.07272450625896454, -0.03159097954630852, -0.023837633430957794, -0.03590315952897072, 0.03337644040584564, 0.09184424579143524, 0.020480383187532425, -0.012755491770803928, 0.03789540007710457, -0.010511258617043495, 0.07483980059623718, -0.020975079387426376, 0.007460915949195623, 0.018673229962587357, 0.0038964273408055305, -0.03364184498786926, 0.011129793711006641, 0.025253282859921455, -0.026903100311756134, -0.0349908173084259, 0.014347431249916553, 0.04567328467965126, -0.04517973214387894, -0.008821794763207436, 0.07440269738435745, -0.007077912800014019, 0.02928195521235466, -0.009231551550328732, 0.014070961624383926, 0.06636705994606018, 0.04299212247133255, -0.02296007052063942, 0.05091789737343788, -0.08290749788284302, 0.022340334951877594, -0.04807350039482117, -0.038199182599782944, -0.009915541857481003, 0.008097046986222267, 0.02163248136639595, 0.016022317111492157, -0.03301021084189415, -0.016559241339564323, 0.05310150608420372, -0.002230392536148429, -0.0012721584644168615, 0.004386078100651503, -0.014732525683939457, 0.010225789621472359, 0.016632171347737312, -0.018863026052713394, 0.05971868336200714, -0.04268711805343628, -0.008315620943903923, -0.004154849797487259, -0.005395097192376852, 0.005898716859519482, -0.00473004300147295, 0.001522601000033319, -0.03397180512547493, -0.03352445363998413, -0.04795290157198906, 0.11304610967636108, -0.007548630703240633, -0.029125932604074478, 0.018999239429831505, -0.05425902456045151, 0.017292998731136322, -0.015139967203140259, 0.040246907621622086, 0.0031294869258999825, 0.006873477250337601, -0.0168007779866457, 0.04657070338726044, -0.03596684709191322, 0.013075037859380245, 0.07175556570291519, -0.0904955044388771, 0.03286236897110939, -0.05224044248461723, -0.037400417029857635, -0.04194837063550949, 0.03678779676556587, -0.01953163370490074, 0.0030418301466852427, -0.018258672207593918, 0.022007012739777565, -0.0283662136644125, 0.006265989504754543, 0.0295324195176363, 0.019372666254639626, 0.014161122031509876, 0.0007052301662042737, -0.0009761581313796341, 0.09756742417812347, -0.06322473287582397, 0.0004482948570512235, 0.0540752150118351, -0.057785920798778534, -0.0015259388601407409, 0.014787377789616585, -0.008814973756670952, 0.012185754254460335, 0.01829361915588379, -0.03355172649025917, 0.04375792667269707, 0.041922006756067276, -0.022323060780763626, -0.04868123680353165, 0.007100553717464209, -0.006008083000779152, 0.048632871359586716, -0.08606123924255371, -0.023763878270983696, -0.008569453842937946, -0.06731300055980682, -0.048016469925642014, -0.01271865889430046, 0.04509630799293518, -0.03797140717506409, 0.009940137155354023, 0.04148949682712555, -0.027399327605962753, 0.018963368609547615, 0.0409139022231102, 0.04516058415174484, -0.004690296482294798, 0.022937551140785217, -0.04391750320792198, 0.036220114678144455, -0.004842990543693304, -0.03764060139656067, -0.0031483317725360394, 0.05751044303178787, -0.03506889194250107, -0.005594584625214338, -0.016872959211468697, 0.06132498383522034, 0.07012735307216644, -0.013744816184043884, 0.01498898770660162, -0.06382884085178375, -0.017706746235489845, 0.055071793496608734, -0.02132538892328739, 0.004335653968155384, -0.02365979179739952, -0.023364853113889694, 0.04118938371539116, 0.028867099434137344, -0.0718536451458931, -0.03265107050538063, 0.049132585525512695, -0.03400518000125885, 0.0112648019567132, 0.016387036070227623, -0.0009470829972997308, 0.01128494180738926, -0.03770367056131363, 0.014596608467400074, 0.004535605665296316, -0.010326498188078403, 0.023377155885100365, 0.01419887226074934, -0.021301589906215668, 0.05077795311808586, -0.05983102694153786, -0.002826692769303918, -0.04025157913565636, -0.04692372679710388, 0.015186204575002193, -0.01713334396481514, 0.03983142226934433, 0.07522076368331909, -0.06740710884332657, -0.011755326762795448, 0.03069620579481125, -0.020042231306433678, 0.03230386599898338, -0.07902452349662781, 0.05280439555644989, 0.06562192738056183, -0.0052103386260569096, 0.0007145546842366457, 0.0882965475320816, 0.012839341536164284, -0.0270784143358469, -0.01981993392109871, -0.07062683999538422, -0.013256597332656384, -0.006120237056165934, -0.046893343329429626, 0.042021896690130234, 0.09825646132230759, 0.0485164038836956, -0.05615653097629547, -0.03133884444832802, -0.014699225313961506, -0.0327652245759964, 0.03745822608470917, -0.0038068690337240696, -0.0035405231174081564, 0.0010077435290440917, -0.05229765549302101, 0.002786672906950116, 0.014809858985245228, -0.0009838658152148128, 0.05731877312064171, 0.04648734629154205, -0.04233410209417343, -0.027285663411021233, 0.03517276048660278, 0.012442720122635365, -0.04617895558476448, 0.04509386420249939, -0.026615450158715248, 0.04826267436146736, -0.01994081400334835, -0.051627662032842636, 0.003846152452751994, 0.05228522792458534, -0.011644993908703327, -0.031892240047454834, 0.017316056415438652, -0.010505697689950466, -0.02175670862197876, 0.007215326651930809, 0.014247997663915157, 0.03269658610224724, -0.012787384912371635, 0.06366420537233353, 0.01845068670809269, -0.0008311833953484893, 0.02267071045935154, 0.037141166627407074, 0.04400875046849251, 0.025335535407066345, -0.005157805513590574, -0.060457080602645874, 0.03240314498543739, -0.0032326639629900455, 0.023575181141495705, 0.009777269326150417, -0.10172241926193237, -0.06520301103591919, -0.030737154185771942, 0.006844904273748398, 0.01766345277428627, 0.0802614837884903, 0.026988117024302483, -0.007199650164693594, 0.006519796792417765, -0.005824083928018808, -0.009296106174588203, -0.019187428057193756, -0.02871180698275566, -0.015895234420895576, -0.030036138370633125, -0.044826652854681015, -0.0009722248651087284, 0.029052989557385445, 0.013274623081088066, 0.03563714399933815, 0.03385410085320473, -0.03229942172765732, 0.02749166078865528, -0.04029252380132675, 0.009201333858072758, 0.033128779381513596, 0.07165206223726273, -0.01219517644494772, 0.013302301056683064, 0.014301227405667305, 0.04708092659711838, -0.06289017200469971, -0.02233470231294632, -0.03198249265551567, -0.006494597531855106, 0.03177940472960472, -0.0022121660877019167, 0.008125849068164825, -0.022072551771998405, 0.038271304219961166, 0.02860875241458416, 0.01414186879992485, -0.0023820961359888315, -0.005210148636251688, 0.01140112616121769, 0.03978878632187843, -0.00971370842307806, 0.019805995747447014, -0.01107451319694519, -0.013744162395596504, 0.0029698784928768873, 0.004847640171647072, 0.017054829746484756, -0.010135456919670105, -0.019565001130104065, -0.02179912105202675, 0.015277157537639141, -0.03176132217049599, -0.008003754541277885, -0.021170318126678467, 0.0072253188118338585, 0.03575940430164337, -0.024379394948482513, 0.04175403341650963, 0.04911961406469345, 0.018057556822896004, -0.04318084940314293, 0.01635894738137722, -0.09410910308361053, -0.0189412422478199, 0.04411569982767105, 0.008800788782536983, 0.03516574949026108, 0.012882825918495655, -0.04181268438696861, -0.010843704454600811, 0.051186349242925644, -0.000928345019929111, -0.04185349866747856, -0.0033945045433938503, -0.013866350054740906, 0.03129676729440689, -0.0019124558893963695, 0.008117259480059147, 0.04735209420323372, 0.008797596208751202, 0.00020065905118826777, 0.004987698048353195, -0.07389234006404877, 0.02677399478852749, 0.04818996042013168, 0.017743173986673355, -0.011133389547467232, -0.029842399060726166, -0.028347399085760117, -0.02627880685031414, -0.02350994013249874, 0.009268180467188358, 0.013533770106732845, -0.018024412915110588, -0.017817582935094833, -0.035054031759500504, -0.022707901895046234, 0.022622115910053253, -0.006710770074278116, -0.013792409561574459, 0.0011375885223969817, 0.028679601848125458, 0.021591754630208015, -0.012682073749601841, 0.007584697566926479, -0.022250451147556305, -0.010093732737004757, 0.012133697979152203, -0.06664726883172989, -0.0011823337990790606, 0.010671853087842464, -0.023923639208078384, -0.023942910134792328, -0.038873668760061264, 0.07842160016298294, -0.025803212076425552, 0.0006689593428745866, 0.005287573207169771, 0.009499404579401016, -0.08081188797950745, -0.04057791456580162, -0.04316357895731926, 0.018187321722507477, -0.029530363157391548, -0.006255614571273327, 0.009161806665360928, -0.034091297537088394, 0.008073527365922928, 0.0873049646615982, -0.003199551021680236, 0.020604003220796585, 0.019253702834248543, -0.05407041683793068, -0.03852890804409981, 0.038280244916677475, 0.028353990986943245, 0.05135882645845413, -0.03248181566596031, -0.04188110679388046, 0.001909616868942976, -0.07144477963447571, 0.0171091016381979, 0.008164490573108196, -0.05584597960114479, 0.022617876529693604, 0.040455423295497894, 0.026111189275979996, 0.011014667339622974, -0.016554679721593857, 0.07630566507577896, -0.054015859961509705, 0.017058366909623146, 0.0570039264857769, 0.01190896611660719, 0.012572848238050938, -0.013696116395294666, 0.0002612961397971958, -0.013973886147141457, 0.052219122648239136, -0.05227239429950714, 0.03632128983736038, -0.029886092990636826, -0.046494074165821075, 0.018013646826148033, -0.01602059416472912, -0.02720571681857109, -0.0018360016401857138, -0.08342429250478745, -0.012707225978374481, 0.014013850130140781, 0.04215983301401138, 0.018131962046027184, 0.039473023265600204, 0.05165920779109001, -0.04881715774536133, 0.014269988983869553, -0.03604377433657646, -0.02275335229933262, 0.06518804281949997, 0.019501667469739914, 0.005700285080820322, -0.031499918550252914, 0.052201323211193085, 0.08145016431808472, -0.014811912551522255, 0.015199764631688595, -0.017554771155118942, -0.018777063116431236, 0.009966694749891758, -0.050514452159404755, -0.03262405842542648, 0.005519425496459007, -0.02419096976518631, -0.03262707591056824, 0.03146883100271225, 0.013716679997742176, 0.02973632700741291, 0.0003605434321798384, -0.0027527206111699343, 0.004801766015589237, 0.03955322131514549, -0.01953030377626419, 0.020602311939001083, -0.009370614774525166, 0.07998301088809967, -0.0310305617749691, -0.04418663680553436, 0.018696501851081848, 0.03823209926486015, 0.012642355635762215, 0.061030060052871704, -0.0351332426071167, 0.03465263545513153, -0.004102345090359449, 0.04976094886660576, -0.015313204377889633, -0.02040615677833557, -0.029503658413887024, 0.006330694071948528, -0.02239726111292839, 0.02975710853934288, -0.022693734616041183, -0.010244786739349365, 0.015727074816823006, 0.01423147227615118, -0.009131635539233685, -0.03109041415154934, -0.0013559228973463178, 0.03610145300626755, -0.022630875930190086, -0.02692226879298687, -0.04606398567557335, 0.009260902181267738, 0.028194984421133995, -0.004183617886155844, 0.005683710798621178, -0.01595211774110794, -0.006805827375501394, -0.050913006067276, 0.08496661484241486, -0.011638264171779156, -0.022659730166196823, 0.047038812190294266, -0.016019856557250023, -0.0033993932884186506, 0.018947847187519073, 0.013915513642132282, 0.06015742942690849, -0.024993766099214554, 0.005763387307524681, -0.02320554107427597, 0.04537070170044899, 0.00645468570291996, 0.027492523193359375, 0.006999802775681019, 0.02417284995317459, -0.0977092981338501, -0.012059497646987438, -0.0011389683932065964, -0.023646704852581024, 0.018348246812820435, -0.048071105033159256, 0.01250012032687664, -0.08382036536931992, 0.03392443060874939, 0.027446793392300606, -0.04223140701651573, 0.057726066559553146, 0.05697689205408096, -0.006362069398164749, 0.007753672078251839, -0.05653482675552368, 0.019775642082095146, 0.039230428636074066, -0.006160419434309006, 0.0008962709689512849, -0.021330667659640312, 0.011935203336179256, -0.011444727890193462, -0.017170283943414688, 0.013354313559830189, 0.029106317088007927, -0.005242608021944761, 0.03864039480686188, -0.0702698677778244, -0.030823931097984314, 0.033482614904642105, -0.029278608039021492, -0.029587607830762863, 0.018344895914196968, -0.061080530285835266, -0.01045105792582035, -0.06446269154548645, -0.027646388858556747, -0.05665925145149231, 0.012843369506299496, -0.011648573912680149, -0.006966743618249893, 0.07214660942554474, -0.011255708523094654, 0.01294462289661169, 0.025489086285233498, 0.0022185088600963354, 0.0257484819740057, -0.019595319405198097, -0.0017402669182047248, 0.0010024328948929906, -0.05501924827694893, 0.0006781448028050363, 0.01845311000943184, 0.027268115431070328, -0.024803364649415016, -0.04212573543190956, 0.002811624901369214, -0.009705445729196072, -0.01778528094291687, -0.02025829255580902, 0.038409147411584854, 0.02104087732732296, -0.012262464500963688, 0.09048875421285629, -0.031890831887722015, 0.010984523221850395, 0.021220214664936066, 0.050230130553245544, -0.0010756560368463397, -0.020047105848789215, 0.01620214246213436, -0.04927484691143036, -0.06716059148311615, 0.014668065123260021, -0.026487374678254128, 0.04418187215924263, 0.053431715816259384, -0.014709229581058025, 0.021283965557813644, -0.015268709510564804, 0.037130340933799744, -0.029672255739569664, -0.03644175082445145, -0.02977593243122101, 0.023903390392661095, 0.03734590485692024, 0.01959642954170704, -0.05025723949074745, -0.00826014019548893, 0.02458552084863186, -0.025754455476999283, -0.06499802321195602, -0.034686341881752014, 0.0411321297287941, 0.024953989312052727, 0.037001945078372955, 0.01956210471689701, 0.003183783032000065, -0.04099423810839653, 0.00012535834684967995, -0.013791659846901894, 0.021163467317819595, 0.046034522354602814, 0.0016660288674756885, -0.07067472487688065, 0.03131755068898201, -0.1040964126586914, 0.029301732778549194, -0.02473960816860199, -0.0006047316710464656, -0.007707615382969379, -0.08542054891586304, -0.010021181777119637, -0.03677237406373024, 0.04040481522679329, 0.0015192886348813772, -0.00018475089746061713, -0.0357857346534729, 0.009807725436985493, 0.00527114188298583, 0.01512316707521677, -0.06272609531879425, -0.005169501528143883, -0.02525685913860798, -0.02945539727807045, -0.03219052776694298, 0.023431768640875816, -0.03460705652832985, -0.008642859756946564, -0.029174892231822014, 0.05039099603891373, 0.01458196435123682, -0.07396064698696136, 0.03562849387526512, -0.015987128019332886, -0.058618057519197464, 0.027345072478055954, 0.03836233168840408, 0.0043525081127882, 0.0017592298099771142, 0.008812333457171917, -0.028459670022130013, 0.05238424986600876, 0.022413089871406555, -0.02547244168817997, -0.03043404407799244, -0.07960373163223267, 0.011722967959940434, -0.034819986671209335, -0.021121293306350708, -0.005703394766896963 ]
<p>Are all <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave" rel="nofollow">waves</a> in the universe the same as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_waves" rel="nofollow">electromagnetic waves</a>?</p> <p>Basically, my question arises from an equation I found in my chemistry textbook:</p> <p>$$\lambda \nu ~=~ c.$$</p> <p>This states that the wavelength (distance from crest to crest) times the frequency (amount of times the wave passes the center point) equals the speed of light. Now, I know this applies in a vacuum and that the speed of light changes based on density. However, does this apply to all waves? If so, does this apply to a wave in water?</p> <p>It seems as though it should. You have a high frequency of light that is incredibly high compared to water, but you have a incredibly small wavelength which causes that value to be lower. In the case of water, if you considered only the wavelength, the value would be too high, but if you also consider that the frequency is going to be orders of magnitude lower than light, you can see where I might arrive at this conclusion.</p> <p>If we measure the crest of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_wave" rel="nofollow">wave</a> of water and the frequency of that wave (I assume from the surface of the body of water) and consider the density of the water in our calculation (as some other variable that is normally used when calculating this), would the result also be the speed of light? In addition, if water was within a vacuum and we were to create a wave, how would this react? If we could create a wave in water in this vacuum, would our values reflect $c$ or a variation of $c$ based on the density of the water?</p> <p>If $\lambda \nu ~=~ c$ is valid for all waves, what other attributes must be supplied within the equation to make the math work out to give the correct answer of $c$?</p>
g4582
[ 0.04915117472410202, 0.012131123803555965, -0.013717287220060825, -0.028849216178059578, 0.09873243421316147, 0.04015025123953819, 0.022754371166229248, 0.018675366416573524, -0.028695283457636833, -0.05278392508625984, -0.006645936984568834, 0.06255383789539337, 0.035966016352176666, 0.07259280979633331, -0.043804071843624115, -0.006836160086095333, 0.03757159411907196, -0.0465497151017189, 0.03052063286304474, -0.021624160930514336, -0.0039720693603158, -0.011807705275714397, -0.020715733990073204, -0.03775162994861603, -0.061226602643728256, 0.003673750441521406, 0.05249984934926033, -0.047677360475063324, 0.011075503192842007, -0.006458332762122154, -0.03119897097349167, 0.0644519031047821, 0.035659462213516235, -0.005309129133820534, 0.0014691319083794951, 0.015967411920428276, -0.06573647260665894, 0.031120091676712036, 0.017725205048918724, 0.06313085556030273, -0.0061394209042191505, 0.05111745744943619, -0.04227784276008606, -0.014516339637339115, 0.028631024062633514, 0.0035411084536463022, -0.04760230332612991, 0.010067693889141083, 0.0043166582472622395, -0.048152659088373184, 0.025182774290442467, -0.046743378043174744, -0.0014578377595171332, 0.02598479390144348, -0.0034011907409876585, 0.016427498310804367, 0.026465050876140594, -0.02585187740623951, 0.0631261095404625, 0.010983332991600037, -0.004022468812763691, -0.038477394729852676, 0.0491458959877491, 0.029997706413269043, 0.03659878298640251, -0.00804546196013689, -0.011744426563382149, -0.041492193937301636, -0.0011433440959081054, -0.007673680782318115, -0.03595499321818352, -0.06396794319152832, -0.06550024449825287, -0.07264664024114609, -0.030529318377375603, 0.01238991878926754, 0.0051222932524979115, 0.004706688690930605, 0.015886826440691948, 0.000931785034481436, -0.0066576190292835236, 0.0494556725025177, 0.010066797025501728, 0.06382724642753601, -0.0056986333802342415, -0.007888230495154858, -0.018488161265850067, 0.028392314910888672, 0.013587920926511288, 0.01598396897315979, -0.008120172657072544, 0.009854604490101337, 0.033381685614585876, -0.042892973870038986, -0.013234582729637623, -0.03656679764389992, -0.008703484199941158, 0.019505789503455162, -0.019270088523626328, 0.031111815944314003, -0.041690632700920105, 0.01442593615502119, 0.04992358013987541, -0.013407633639872074, 0.013833587057888508, -0.004696941468864679, 0.019363965839147568, 0.001910485909320414, -0.02794346585869789, -0.010827815160155296, -0.0486508272588253, -0.07293568551540375, -0.024069203063845634, -0.024185696616768837, -0.08438871800899506, -0.079062320291996, 0.04271818697452545, 0.04204905405640602, -0.015114507637917995, 0.0540771558880806, 0.03964054957032204, 0.027349555864930153, 0.0008790057036094368, 0.03951135277748108, 0.01070511806756258, -0.0018582604825496674, -0.04265131801366806, 0.03803880140185356, 0.05037310719490051, 0.03463159501552582, -0.0011442250106483698, 0.02133898437023163, -0.06250268965959549, 0.008124856278300285, -0.027149492874741554, -0.009661175310611725, 0.01570162922143936, -0.0015187409007921815, 0.02835075370967388, 0.0002752539876382798, 0.02086830884218216, -0.034432366490364075, 0.03965548798441887, -0.039240505546331406, -0.014199570752680302, 0.013358492404222488, -0.03897546976804733, -0.016452230513095856, 0.03580406680703163, -0.022548288106918335, 0.01089327223598957, 0.07501709461212158, 0.0089895473793149, -0.0066849831491708755, -0.011871477589011192, 0.04086582362651825, -0.015292634256184101, 0.0014789564302191138, -0.02655094303190708, -0.035525742918252945, 0.05633644387125969, -0.005565212573856115, 0.03503693267703056, 0.029350612312555313, 0.00758748222142458, -0.005871820263564587, 0.027851607650518417, -0.018518518656492233, -0.04584231600165367, -0.06835030019283295, -0.018164943903684616, -0.01521883811801672, -0.03514106944203377, -0.013162044808268547, 0.027956092730164528, 0.025255007669329643, 0.05988120287656784, -0.01099272258579731, -0.030163107439875603, 0.024784453213214874, -0.08667026460170746, -0.027574172243475914, 0.0014992756769061089, -0.05167549476027489, 0.02152932807803154, 0.0007404547650367022, 0.023081522434949875, -0.05563767999410629, -0.09044934064149857, 0.004582520108669996, -0.04880703613162041, -0.050364021211862564, -0.034016646444797516, 0.050558604300022125, 0.02993539534509182, 0.01762496866285801, 0.003107335651293397, -0.015630247071385384, -0.03574809804558754, 0.028279846534132957, -0.021220721304416656, 0.052402157336473465, 0.06477311253547668, 0.0006256841588765383, 0.04147360101342201, 0.02887215092778206, 0.04201565310359001, -0.018360650166869164, 0.02230743318796158, -0.020814446732401848, 0.02123572863638401, -0.0037196900229901075, -0.0066560618579387665, 0.040323350578546524, -0.05025617033243179, 0.04582910239696503, -0.058818452060222626, 0.02673976868391037, -0.004071520641446114, 0.020461207255721092, -0.04839997738599777, 0.026901016011834145, 0.00021703122183680534, -0.014795107766985893, 0.020753610879182816, 0.013687366619706154, -0.058113470673561096, -0.02738170325756073, 0.07101941853761673, 0.011443785391747952, 0.07021702826023102, 0.014106779359281063, -0.01148142945021391, -0.01534439716488123, 0.011025134474039078, 0.05094234272837639, -0.040592651814222336, 0.024726977571845055, 0.02310979925096035, -0.02484167367219925, 0.03676629066467285, -0.014708256348967552, -0.06225886940956116, 0.026500748470425606, 0.02051238715648651, -0.05874232202768326, -0.005080096889287233, -0.02735181897878647, 0.002680791774764657, 0.07442621886730194, 0.04273518547415733, 0.012751593254506588, 0.03511475399136543, 0.043318744748830795, 0.011372202076017857, -0.00659566093236208, -0.013439078815281391, 0.03282925486564636, -0.05213165283203125, 0.0031518947798758745, 0.02087716944515705, -0.0008713874849490821, 0.024584507569670677, -0.03352586179971695, -0.03883781656622887, -0.004549728706479073, -0.03312921151518822, 0.03631146252155304, -0.0107630779966712, 0.006682817358523607, -0.05808969587087631, 0.048578646034002304, -0.006192021071910858, -0.0042469981126487255, -0.02335282787680626, -0.03718625754117966, -0.002198989037424326, -0.059871282428503036, 0.031035691499710083, -0.010689351707696915, -0.009710656479001045, -0.022779250517487526, -0.07801364362239838, 0.009908167645335197, 0.004423357080668211, -0.042223818600177765, 0.004881284665316343, -0.004114117473363876, -0.00013414218847174197, 0.044858478009700775, 0.004317573271691799, 0.020853225141763687, -0.039190057665109634, 0.08362650126218796, -0.018773868680000305, 0.02436046488583088, 0.049705278128385544, -0.0280557069927454, -0.020686034113168716, 0.012931524775922298, 0.042553044855594635, -0.03415297344326973, 0.01602349616587162, 0.008768167346715927, -0.027117643505334854, 0.03333320841193199, -0.023990944027900696, -0.06458993256092072, 0.03681963309645653, -0.01588808186352253, 0.014253677800297737, 0.060189139097929, 0.0092186089605093, -0.011174975894391537, -0.03786133974790573, 0.037377361208200455, -0.012047362513840199, -0.024830183014273643, -0.009631330147385597, -0.004491743631660938, -0.030472993850708008, -0.012114189565181732, 0.0010254736989736557, -0.032935284078121185, 0.03128185495734215, 0.024681732058525085, -0.001494726282544434, 0.02612842619419098, -0.04331681504845619, -0.03635665774345398, 0.03786138445138931, -0.0235024094581604, -0.008390293456614017, -0.017677243798971176, 0.009946757927536964, -0.06573735922574997, 0.017691606655716896, 0.004382613580673933, 0.06732520461082458, 0.07738357037305832, -0.04929663985967636, -0.06921496242284775, -0.034402236342430115, 0.0008284081122837961, 0.0008924336871132255, 0.03144300729036331, -0.0026673302054405212, 0.018164265900850296, -0.06044768542051315, 0.0013191552134230733, 0.03610330447554588, -0.010939497500658035, -0.019144903868436813, -0.03118186816573143, 0.028691191226243973, 0.0507572703063488, 0.046915069222450256, 0.024638112634420395, 0.04766346886754036, -0.036178700625896454, 0.014680158346891403, -0.05652806535363197, 0.03769184648990631, -0.029569178819656372, -0.03285985812544823, -0.029029691591858864, 0.0007814259734004736, 0.04627499729394913, -0.044324930757284164, 0.019314197823405266, 0.02188403531908989, -0.03132609277963638, 0.01489426288753748, 0.03537335619330406, 0.041064657270908356, -0.020387372002005577, 0.047381654381752014, -0.00843213964253664, -0.025056714192032814, 0.055943720042705536, 0.056445229798555374, 0.006798853632062674, 0.05589809641242027, -0.1061175987124443, -0.011605162173509598, -0.032608114182949066, -0.0652044415473938, -0.061249736696481705, 0.05528181046247482, -0.031029056757688522, -0.03777799382805824, -0.04285315424203873, -0.02848009206354618, 0.009221374057233334, 0.011775747872889042, -0.005756134167313576, 0.03037002868950367, -0.02819187380373478, -0.07160688191652298, 0.07384249567985535, 0.030498338863253593, -0.0236153956502676, 0.021969961002469063, 0.009036147966980934, -0.01746600680053234, 0.02567337080836296, 0.06800542026758194, -0.03345063328742981, -0.016659993678331375, -0.016845859587192535, -0.021986333653330803, -0.05773307755589485, 0.014541011303663254, -0.07087838649749756, -0.024574706330895424, 0.054903920739889145, 0.025199158117175102, -0.0738130435347557, -0.020484140142798424, 0.056239355355501175, 0.02215781807899475, 0.0206073559820652, -0.0025555817410349846, 0.011399841867387295, -0.04688147082924843, 0.013581044040620327, 0.08683065325021744, 0.01786741614341736, -0.006347909569740295, -0.02124132588505745, 0.0065749455243349075, 0.013451259583234787, 0.008840183727443218, 0.06207964941859245, 0.05261833965778351, 0.004850807134062052, -0.009837860241532326, -0.010600857436656952, 0.031207332387566566, -0.0430915392935276, 0.006543997675180435, 0.022668957710266113, -0.0025242578703910112, 0.003099913941696286, -0.02180211804807186, 0.06580741703510284, -0.056163858622312546, -0.023639826104044914, -0.044808998703956604, -0.046485986560583115, -0.08396030217409134, 0.10318750888109207, 0.027438415214419365, -0.04949551075696945, -0.018703540787100792, -0.0005566789768636227, 0.008071603253483772, -0.00852946750819683, 0.06768966466188431, 0.027764994651079178, -0.05569399520754814, 0.021206006407737732, 0.003417416475713253, -0.030486995354294777, 0.07962972670793533, -0.059942521154880524, -0.012391782365739346, 0.003855261020362377, -0.04442073404788971, 0.033319976180791855, 0.048687148839235306, -0.01992993801832199, 0.022302521392703056, 0.013135869055986404, 0.034722648561000824, 0.026190411299467087, 0.010887877084314823, -0.011351353488862514, -0.0363653227686882, -0.0590750090777874, -0.006319573614746332, -0.03421996906399727, 0.011279139667749405, 0.013670213520526886, -0.0205675195902586, 0.05831437557935715, -0.055403679609298706, 0.07778270542621613, 0.015209943987429142, -0.0670042559504509, 0.011299715377390385, -0.031793270260095596, -0.023535089567303658, 0.014285297133028507, -0.04936321824789047, -0.0017012167954817414, 0.0039612241089344025, -0.02051667310297489, -0.012470238842070103, -0.03835000842809677, -0.017983295023441315, 0.026670247316360474, -0.02345212921500206, -0.037803299725055695, -0.011544621549546719, 0.032448478043079376, 0.06779476255178452, 0.03223705291748047, -0.004617094062268734, 0.07075046747922897, 0.07646352797746658, -0.014824816025793552, -0.007371022831648588, 0.026547957211732864, 0.035303253680467606, -0.05755304545164108, -0.048758190125226974, 0.05832119658589363, 0.004583998583257198, -0.011984122917056084, 0.012587767094373703, 0.0007296885596588254, 0.043510161340236664, 0.015033350326120853, 0.04687226191163063, -0.012793970294296741, -0.0613768994808197, -0.021741770207881927, 0.0018177387537434697, -0.013427086174488068, 0.017682891339063644, 0.032039280980825424, 0.05142607167363167, -0.04903753846883774, 0.013448648154735565, -0.03616777062416077, 0.009889104403555393, -0.011202641762793064, 0.03445829451084137, 0.02403678186237812, 0.0048591503873467445, 0.019297555088996887, 0.00551749998703599, 0.05094806104898453, -0.009930924512445927, 0.01419304683804512, 0.023406188935041428, -0.014908453449606895, -0.002696405630558729, 0.045471686869859695, -0.04078144207596779, -0.00920176412910223, 0.03210083767771721, 0.0567348450422287, -0.040065836161375046, 0.03185868263244629, -0.0021378640085458755, -0.022443007677793503, -0.03526289016008377, -0.0765974223613739, 0.04907339811325073, 0.03846706822514534, 0.019764283671975136, -0.00579771539196372, -0.005947386845946312, -0.05623028799891472, 0.0010319369612261653, -0.025420570746064186, 0.10036920011043549, 0.004607319366186857, -0.014600615948438644, -0.04708165302872658, -0.01863844133913517, -0.0615556426346302, -0.010545444674789906, -0.033326148986816406, 0.05783529952168465, -0.04313427954912186, -0.04535173252224922, -0.005899334326386452, 0.02356843091547489, -0.05112122744321823, 0.02171017974615097, -0.03750710189342499, 0.03090672567486763, -0.0394638366997242, 0.004420557525008917, -0.024896178394556046, 0.07308415323495865, -0.021107589825987816, 0.009486345574259758, 0.010150357149541378, -0.013285739347338676, -0.006217458285391331, 0.013038727454841137, -0.06897794455289841, -0.014054308645427227, -0.038049161434173584, -0.035737987607717514, 0.04732270911335945, 0.028479665517807007, 0.01142480131238699, 0.041331443935632706, 0.04780955612659454, 0.02623833529651165, -0.0026563501451164484, -0.01622588559985161, -0.03046705573797226, 0.023436767980456352, -0.01376190036535263, -0.029236692935228348, 0.05692455917596817, -0.02393091283738613, -0.03859737887978554, -0.07100021094083786, -0.05672844871878624, 0.03414912894368172, -0.03874496743083, -0.013736079446971416, 0.059238698333501816, 0.06308820098638535, -0.039308059960603714, -0.011484634131193161, 0.0018664798699319363, 0.001952601596713066, 0.09305407851934433, -0.03682604059576988, 0.028580840677022934, 0.07010594010353088, -0.014182736165821552, 0.06897252798080444, -0.029679980129003525, -0.010420739650726318, 0.06794241815805435, -0.019070614129304886, 0.039603836834430695, -0.0004782799514941871, 0.008662614040076733, 0.06558281928300858, 0.0033509531058371067, 0.0372331328690052, -0.011691251769661903, 0.043373193591833115, 0.02850847877562046, -0.0567755363881588, 0.023913947865366936, 0.05357261002063751, -0.085850790143013, -0.027321169152855873, -0.0027133652474731207, 0.021844903007149696, 0.026857612654566765, -0.01571420021355152, 0.04384267330169678, 0.025368213653564453, 0.04223525524139404, -0.06500780582427979, 0.04892421141266823, -0.08874830603599548, -0.02503889426589012, -0.054492708295583725, 0.003659785259515047, 0.021499551832675934, -0.002441129647195339, 0.008089504204690456, 0.05886029079556465, 0.011525694280862808, -0.05950445681810379, -0.015226200222969055, 0.02314111217856407, 0.0273455660790205, -0.027022819966077805, -0.014539074152708054, -0.0033782650716602802, 0.008869943208992481, 0.03440188616514206, -0.04647018760442734, 0.04921973496675491, 0.015385700389742851, -0.005825018044561148, 0.007204936817288399, 0.01754104346036911, 0.00824171956628561, -0.06238603591918945, -0.005297972820699215, 0.018982214853167534, -0.05216638371348381, -0.014531990513205528, 0.06313309818506241, -0.06589363515377045, -0.035054679960012436, -0.01718631573021412, 0.012574886903166771, -0.03108764812350273, -0.015935560688376427, -0.004381148144602776, 0.02544693648815155, 0.011762110516428947, 0.023629499599337578, -0.02790543995797634, -0.01289911288768053, -0.025158770382404327, 0.003326765261590481, -0.018566066399216652, 0.049808330833911896, 0.021329175680875778, -0.04047568142414093, -0.016969453543424606, 0.0012462716549634933, 0.0009729268494993448, -0.0011677858419716358, 0.01535606849938631, -0.03369886800646782, -0.017055300995707512, 0.05347532778978348, -0.005944970529526472, -0.021112043410539627, 0.003695422550663352, -0.03849693387746811, -0.052618976682424545, -0.07875871658325195, -0.030061854049563408, -0.009051920846104622, -0.05910078436136246, 0.05744815990328789, 0.020282717421650887, 0.0014820783399045467, -0.0009572483832016587, -0.03278280794620514, 0.02205401286482811, -0.017351791262626648, -0.05942348763346672, -0.014767088927328587, -0.03996561840176582, 0.010625829920172691, 0.008766192011535168, 0.011304750107228756, 0.060821063816547394, -0.01250985637307167, -0.02489629201591015, 0.03385615348815918, -0.0015378108946606517, -0.03251618891954422, -0.0027731468435376883, -0.000283058121567592, -0.01270959060639143, -0.030719809234142303, -0.0108735840767622, 0.040431417524814606, -0.050230611115694046, 0.013319588266313076, 0.054610732942819595, -0.01879524625837803, 0.055558498948812485, 0.015362652018666267, -0.027577007189393044, 0.03935401886701584, 0.013867436908185482, 0.02440665476024151, -0.008545617572963238, -0.013721344992518425, 0.00618122098967433, 0.02575550600886345, 0.010415718890726566, -0.007333484012633562, -0.04763854667544365, -0.04492415487766266, -0.005289087072014809 ]
<p>I'm creating a simple astronomy simulator that should use Newtonian physics to simulate movement of plants in a system (or any objects, for that matter). All the bodies are circles in an Euclidean plane, that have properties such as position, velocity, mass, radius and the resultant force.</p> <p>I want to update the universe in small time steps, usually a few milliseconds, but I'm not sure how to correctly calculate the changes in position.</p> <p>The force is simple: <code>fr = sum(G * body.m * bodyi.m / dist(body, bodyi)^2)</code>.</p> <p>But how do I go on from there?</p> <p>I could do this:</p> <pre><code>a = Fr/body.m v += a*dt position += v*dt </code></pre> <p>But that would, of course, be false. Maybe if I added <code>0.5</code> as a factor in position calculation?</p>
g4583
[ 0.003857725765556097, -0.03290178254246712, -0.015143012627959251, -0.05758693814277649, -0.016950706019997597, -0.03316215053200722, 0.0020543490536510944, -0.035272009670734406, -0.04008267819881439, 0.0019978955388069153, -0.01769028790295124, 0.026786169037222862, 0.04519937187433243, 0.004846468102186918, 0.007538261357694864, 0.027730576694011688, 0.040290769189596176, -0.0011674728011712432, 0.015124129131436348, 0.035933028906583786, 0.011449838057160378, -0.015409098006784916, 0.016919517889618874, -0.06906480342149734, 0.009141863323748112, 0.018574897199869156, 0.0648089125752449, 0.07100920379161835, -0.06945369392633438, 0.03282686695456505, 0.01764095202088356, 0.01651635393500328, 0.02276821807026863, -0.027504848316311836, -0.01708347164094448, 0.012450139969587326, 0.03664405271410942, -0.019279720261693, 0.05300096049904823, -0.05213572829961777, 0.004333299119025469, -0.06096517667174339, 0.03978482261300087, 0.012445543892681599, 0.04265056923031807, -0.07446844130754471, 0.024959610775113106, -0.04786757007241249, 0.00896073505282402, -0.00549337500706315, -0.042535021901130676, -0.0025797795969992876, -0.004774090833961964, -0.007788143120706081, -0.020472189411520958, 0.08397237956523895, -0.012261982075870037, -0.06347671151161194, 0.05758684501051903, 0.011763351038098335, -0.01548757404088974, -0.014997294172644615, 0.04081427678465843, -0.01180014107376337, 0.03607778623700142, 0.04955916106700897, -0.061524100601673126, 0.0037372196093201637, -0.06948995590209961, -0.039895832538604736, -0.024239610880613327, -0.030938219279050827, 0.009409151040017605, -0.0647176057100296, -0.0735403373837471, 0.011730879545211792, -0.007877088151872158, -0.002639730228111148, -0.04019768908619881, -0.027394285425543785, -0.006053888704627752, 0.03317446634173393, 0.018686868250370026, -0.0020909251179546118, -0.005041082389652729, -0.052293404936790466, -0.018236350268125534, 0.05746721476316452, -0.0023652289528399706, 0.005836311727762222, 0.006553446874022484, 0.015522612258791924, 0.07165364176034927, 0.02989109605550766, 0.012982514686882496, -0.04886346682906151, -0.11326189339160919, 0.07639973610639572, 0.061375729739665985, 0.03543679416179657, -0.0249747633934021, -0.03421705216169357, 0.019814234226942062, -0.01824064366519451, -0.03271406143903732, 0.014242159202694893, 0.01756567880511284, 0.006531937047839165, 0.00518003897741437, -0.016950100660324097, -0.021587077528238297, -0.10072469711303711, -0.01705341972410679, -0.04983837902545929, -0.036101486533880234, -0.044193513691425323, 0.023281944915652275, 0.0027311607263982296, 0.033767491579055786, 0.05659439414739609, -0.05605073645710945, 0.04757940396666527, 0.03855350241065025, 0.015035719610750675, -0.049490369856357574, -0.08352668583393097, -0.05738958716392517, 0.032539550215005875, 0.08008932322263718, -0.02744172140955925, 0.0008954642107710242, -0.028868332505226135, -0.012809991836547852, 0.035630788654088974, -0.0324091836810112, 0.05202455073595047, 0.0165144931524992, -0.02324453927576542, -0.026760701090097427, -0.013009030371904373, -0.00246987072750926, -0.02775369957089424, 0.03466800972819328, -0.020112307742238045, -0.04410744085907936, 0.037030357867479324, -0.008912933059036732, -0.014757772907614708, 0.021168973296880722, -0.019139651209115982, 0.09241926670074463, 0.096634142100811, -0.03418596088886261, -0.009236159734427929, 0.0391034260392189, -0.012665108777582645, 0.024749327450990677, 0.038503970950841904, -0.026881353929638863, -0.0559002086520195, 0.0424630269408226, -0.004277012310922146, 0.0036034435033798218, -0.019564680755138397, -0.03317951038479805, 0.1027182787656784, -0.0253960769623518, -0.051275599747896194, -0.04416685178875923, -0.02559053525328636, -0.00575799448415637, -0.0593380406498909, 0.020679425448179245, 0.015816833823919296, -0.011873654089868069, 0.058971889317035675, 0.0023063330445438623, -0.03312889486551285, -0.028061674907803535, 0.016952114179730415, 0.05795016884803772, -0.0012184102088212967, 0.05078570172190666, 0.02845207042992115, -0.021756965667009354, -0.008207585662603378, 0.01685275137424469, 0.015640782192349434, -0.04944339394569397, -0.017261650413274765, -0.052218109369277954, -0.019382433965802193, -0.01312238723039627, 0.029235854744911194, -0.027456434443593025, 0.010456489399075508, 0.02517876960337162, -0.015346050262451172, -0.021855797618627548, 0.08681139349937439, 0.022110195830464363, 0.03659334406256676, 0.008035450242459774, 0.059300657361745834, 0.01692756824195385, -0.014509051106870174, 0.020855005830526352, 0.02949010394513607, -0.009340102784335613, -0.006359010003507137, 0.052107974886894226, 0.03607339784502983, -0.02144196443259716, -0.021839095279574394, -0.03466235101222992, 0.0006526376237161458, -0.029517371207475662, -0.04074379429221153, -0.017342546954751015, 0.060094598680734634, -0.010690032504498959, -0.015022938139736652, 0.05136796459555626, -0.01607745699584484, -0.0015820786356925964, -0.02926485985517502, 0.0024278678465634584, 0.017089465633034706, 0.006127743516117334, 0.014295240864157677, -0.03596046566963196, 0.06823375076055527, -0.06696557253599167, -0.012060891836881638, 0.058969371020793915, 0.012799488380551338, 0.00038894376484677196, 0.03000081330537796, 0.052309222519397736, 0.05091409012675285, 0.015334214083850384, -0.007180179934948683, 0.008830760605633259, -0.03212994337081909, 0.049302659928798676, -0.03645538538694382, 0.0813097283244133, -0.029537048190832138, -0.03428241237998009, 0.053881846368312836, 0.0003698773216456175, -0.035676516592502594, -0.01739017479121685, -0.003519203746691346, -0.029824478551745415, 0.023100003600120544, -0.07507535815238953, -0.00683498103171587, 0.016539789736270905, -0.026260701939463615, 0.0011614032555371523, 0.00832405686378479, 0.03375072777271271, 0.040983233600854874, 0.003777638077735901, 0.014808139763772488, -0.03317577764391899, -0.0031395666301250458, 0.005368271842598915, -0.024491354823112488, 0.0025171362794935703, -0.003188803791999817, 0.0190639179199934, 0.05037931725382805, -0.028860779479146004, -0.023490704596042633, 0.07195619493722916, -0.040099456906318665, 0.011031693778932095, 0.03154853358864784, -0.030108392238616943, -0.04870132356882095, -0.03332618623971939, 0.039241623133420944, 0.03154157102108002, -0.058327604085206985, 0.0025722694117575884, 0.0015530093805864453, -0.0336572490632534, -0.031409524381160736, 0.007964657619595528, 0.05553773045539856, 0.004009862430393696, -0.0033272909931838512, 0.024470455944538116, 0.06442993134260178, 0.030965644866228104, -0.027067475020885468, 0.024749113246798515, 0.03184015676379204, -0.006543654482811689, 0.008159362711012363, 0.03155558556318283, 0.03507014736533165, -0.01987573131918907, -0.012340240180492401, 0.025746438652276993, -0.03050689585506916, 0.0012268248246982694, -0.023340431973338127, 0.0224924236536026, 0.0384901687502861, -0.04333968088030815, -0.027578826993703842, -0.05197184532880783, 0.0039274441078305244, 0.007031147368252277, 0.00450494047254324, 0.014132172800600529, 0.02962009236216545, 0.010138197802007198, -0.04081207141280174, -0.002318060491234064, -0.003615383058786392, 0.06423196196556091, 0.08820470422506332, 0.0005421453970484436, -0.01384006254374981, -0.045897819101810455, -0.01895570568740368, 0.0262064840644598, 0.008641079068183899, -0.01440300140529871, -0.01223356556147337, -0.053005918860435486, -0.0603458546102047, -0.016611911356449127, -0.04003799334168434, -0.016277603805065155, -0.03345179185271263, -0.01907224953174591, -0.02534867264330387, -0.01223787572234869, 0.02213909849524498, 0.013570999726653099, 0.006534253712743521, 0.07225672155618668, 0.03944670036435127, -0.001603532931767404, -0.016822822391986847, -0.009889462031424046, -0.05660174787044525, 0.03750406578183174, -0.0369858518242836, 0.0288911871612072, 0.021754393354058266, 0.005183754954487085, -0.029795540496706963, -0.05348684638738632, 0.021391985937952995, -0.026003899052739143, -0.058188509196043015, -0.03205229341983795, 0.09767864644527435, -0.015959689393639565, 0.020519820973277092, 0.009785554371774197, 0.03401369974017143, 0.003483367385342717, 0.012042052112519741, 0.004392670467495918, 0.0007014911388978362, -0.02236354723572731, -0.0535515733063221, 0.058605607599020004, -0.037281546741724014, 0.05607298016548157, -0.041196104139089584, 0.03904455900192261, 0.01670326106250286, 0.03654131293296814, 0.00540169095620513, 0.021943064406514168, 0.009948867373168468, -0.012230297550559044, 0.041007351130247116, -0.004618092440068722, -0.03077939711511135, 0.0835203230381012, 0.014666224829852581, 0.021613655611872673, -0.06679082661867142, 0.000911311770323664, -0.008729246445000172, 0.020268777385354042, -0.048650920391082764, 0.015020417049527168, 0.025649115443229675, -0.024934280663728714, -0.017217667773365974, 0.007290880661457777, -0.004134946968406439, 0.013302633538842201, 0.029534436762332916, -0.04030753672122955, 0.040096964687108994, 0.025913428515195847, -0.03461149334907532, 0.02158023789525032, -0.010548015125095844, 0.027658134698867798, 0.015486018732190132, 0.0510016605257988, -0.05383150652050972, 0.011684534139931202, 0.011759703978896141, 0.06398266553878784, -0.016334621235728264, -0.026572570204734802, 0.011804753914475441, -0.03238612785935402, 0.08834077417850494, 0.011610401794314384, -0.044349461793899536, 0.009600796736776829, 0.06132484972476959, 0.017170652747154236, -0.03250380605459213, 0.07807962596416473, -0.021648947149515152, -0.017518242821097374, 0.050031520426273346, 0.03898925334215164, 0.040641967207193375, -0.03698156774044037, 0.04967285692691803, 0.014932084828615189, -0.010711395181715488, -0.013975614681839943, 0.017404841259121895, 0.020806139335036278, 0.012120953761041164, -0.010096055455505848, -0.02226942405104637, -0.01518463995307684, 0.0418267622590065, -0.10339146107435226, -0.06113195791840553, -0.02245781384408474, -0.021120376884937286, -0.022341005504131317, 0.048493318259716034, 0.038173481822013855, 0.02676539123058319, 0.013646695762872696, 0.010931591503322124, -0.02014201320707798, 0.02334746904671192, 0.008914836682379246, -0.002421299461275339, -0.06271745264530182, 0.042586732655763626, -0.0794767215847969, 0.007320931181311607, -0.01614428497850895, 0.05486990511417389, -0.009326236322522163, 0.0294154342263937, 0.01750352419912815, 0.021831557154655457, 0.033285073935985565, -0.03511912748217583, 0.020055770874023438, 0.014533953741192818, -0.001770700910128653, 0.023868922144174576, -0.0065886592492461205, 0.001894198008812964, 0.07516929507255554, 0.031207123771309853, -0.038088440895080566, 0.02107883058488369, 0.017881855368614197, -0.009378337301313877, 0.020058181136846542, -0.01993272826075554, -0.011092293076217175, -0.013493468053638935, 0.002543869661167264, -0.023039812222123146, -0.011007349006831646, 0.03070296160876751, 0.04647742956876755, -0.025456884875893593, -0.036640465259552, 0.06485229730606079, 0.001546402694657445, -0.04288949817419052, -0.00016341744048986584, 0.01896434836089611, -0.0745336040854454, 0.04022083058953285, 0.029185205698013306, 0.0014642144087702036, -0.02244175598025322, 0.02814578264951706, 0.03280065953731537, 4.59878918945833e-7, 0.0025636220816522837, 0.026929013431072235, 0.04399183392524719, 0.06907735764980316, 0.02678169496357441, 0.028293658047914505, -0.039847370237112045, -0.05311066657304764, 0.009231693111360073, -0.01597614586353302, -0.08782614767551422, -0.059466611593961716, 0.05617012456059456, 0.00966548640280962, 0.07063668221235275, 0.030370516702532768, 0.03595341742038727, 0.03607122600078583, 0.0057735564187169075, -0.029492035508155823, -0.050797395408153534, -0.006017476785928011, -0.003878014162182808, -0.008658181875944138, 0.000712006411049515, 0.010905591771006584, -0.05618242174386978, -0.021588314324617386, -0.004125489853322506, -0.05155622214078903, 0.040762778371572495, -0.020333779975771904, -0.021772580221295357, 0.02078257128596306, 0.004757964983582497, -0.013291588053107262, -0.08229857683181763, -0.0031021046452224255, 0.002600803505629301, 0.045899588614702225, 0.044801920652389526, -0.031316034495830536, -0.00850825384259224, 0.0443754717707634, 0.018916506320238113, -0.051481492817401886, -0.048839833587408066, 0.02854504995048046, -0.052006568759679794, -0.05477200075984001, -0.007599386386573315, -0.026865413412451744, 0.005799373611807823, -0.035423971712589264, -0.0044309226796031, 0.00587550550699234, 0.003736501093953848, -0.035457294434309006, 0.010102478787302971, 0.013014876283705235, 0.05804726481437683, 0.013590806163847446, -0.051385167986154556, 0.005710499361157417, -0.01820724457502365, -0.021652566269040108, 0.008899804204702377, -0.019415277987718582, 0.012719782069325447, -0.007982473820447922, -0.037954941391944885, 0.04974972456693649, -0.04646049439907074, 0.008034313097596169, 0.006378257647156715, -0.049843452870845795, 0.008466925472021103, 0.04550598934292793, -0.0323416031897068, 0.00421374524012208, 0.052957501262426376, -0.01858488656580448, -0.011485788971185684, -0.011190163902938366, -0.009383517317473888, -0.036800410598516464, -0.005325854290276766, 0.009903023019433022, -0.015577363781630993, 0.049226824194192886, 0.022976361215114594, 0.059789855033159256, -0.019245166331529617, -0.05135175585746765, 0.04873087257146835, -0.09514390677213669, -0.022277137264609337, -0.0019851874094456434, -0.09325490891933441, 0.021062949672341347, 0.05626627802848816, -0.04197803884744644, 0.006870728451758623, -0.036673568189144135, 0.010617837309837341, 0.07549863308668137, 0.009694328531622887, -0.03543698042631149, 0.05060027167201042, 0.030208515003323555, 0.022907741367816925, -0.010525344870984554, -0.009776490740478039, -0.010092567652463913, 0.027334177866578102, -0.028603753075003624, 0.03539370000362396, 0.0025023554917424917, -0.08693695068359375, 0.020688874647021294, 0.04430815950036049, -0.03494299203157425, 0.023150691762566566, -0.026403719559311867, -0.0430791974067688, 0.062349189072847366, -0.011970791034400463, 0.0174595657736063, -0.0230144914239645, 0.047006431967020035, -0.0017555787926539779, 0.05979093536734581, -0.024490157142281532, 0.006527226883918047, 0.028824742883443832, -0.017632709816098213, -0.015022610314190388, -0.06465896964073181, 0.03874149173498154, 0.03442511335015297, 0.026875125244259834, 0.025743629783391953, -0.0077741933055222034, -0.007073065731674433, 0.03840676695108414, 0.06923557817935944, -0.03423943743109703, 0.027149228379130363, -0.015700308606028557, 0.00040222867392003536, -0.003219492733478546, -0.05579715594649315, -0.03548513725399971, -0.045226093381643295, -0.045332130044698715, -0.01679190993309021, 0.050914499908685684, 0.05592302978038788, -0.008259930647909641, 0.03233151137828827, 0.012282409705221653, -0.04390941187739372, -0.0029677944257855415, 0.0118734585121274, -0.055701643228530884, 0.07652657479047775, 0.011004908941686153, 0.02258523926138878, -0.021159304305911064, 0.000008682466614118312, -0.023597953841090202, 0.009167585521936417, -0.007121853530406952, -0.0004941729712300003, -0.006801517680287361, 0.04647035896778107, -0.019377639517188072, 0.04601602628827095, -0.03076903522014618, 0.03762776032090187, 0.017591707408428192, -0.029638515785336494, 0.032969728112220764, 0.054044757038354874, -0.04610036313533783, -0.015474606305360794, 0.004172068554908037, -0.01277233101427555, 0.02592226304113865, -0.024649368599057198, 0.05822575464844704, -0.050755199044942856, -0.02891187183558941, -0.049541834741830826, 0.042806755751371384, -0.02779960073530674, -0.01687241531908512, -0.01635022647678852, -0.051465004682540894, 0.01141918171197176, -0.006813955958932638, -0.0036984325852245092, -0.0016285220626741648, 0.020034076645970345, 0.00499194348230958, 0.008402706123888493, -0.012455853633582592, 0.01363586075603962, -0.0065953996963799, 0.02455245330929756, 0.008976482786238194, 0.01964137889444828, -0.07438866049051285, -0.006185461301356554, -0.027527911588549614, -0.05479206517338753, -0.03352607786655426, -0.0495159886777401, -0.0663248673081398, -0.030683280900120735, -0.0028782712761312723, -0.06844006478786469, 0.00855033379048109, -0.06415911763906479, -0.011530941352248192, 0.02000834234058857, 0.049506984651088715, 0.010478817857801914, -0.04516630992293358, -0.05488915368914604, -0.0251211766153574, 0.007730220444500446, -0.015240159817039967, -0.10673453658819199, 0.040498167276382446, 0.036581091582775116, 0.03124481998383999, -0.014066271483898163, -0.04196994751691818, 0.08526831865310669, 0.019535034894943237, 0.01149306632578373, -0.03909752890467644, 0.062132641673088074, -0.02291371114552021, -0.03306572884321213, -0.03415842354297638, 0.0024861404672265053, -0.021800238639116287, 0.01905377395451069, 0.029508380219340324, -0.060525696724653244, -0.022772256284952164, 0.030027257278561592, -0.01396294217556715, -0.004149138927459717, 0.04212313890457153, -0.029079273343086243, 0.033294547349214554, 0.04988110437989235 ]
<p>We know that space-time dimensions are 3+1 macroscopically, but what if 2+2? Obviously it is tough to imagine two time dimensions, but mathematically we can always imagine as either having two parameters $t_1$ and $t_2$ or else in Lorentz matrix $$\eta_{00} = \eta_{11} = -1$$ and, $$\eta_{22} = \eta_{33} = 1.$$</p> <p>Is there any physical reason for not taking this, like the norms become negative or something else? </p>
g4584
[ -0.01882356032729149, 0.050933923572301865, 0.002877028426155448, 0.012732846662402153, -0.008397160097956657, 0.0358399972319603, -0.009710087440907955, 0.002956983633339405, -0.04870019108057022, 0.0032073352485895157, 0.03831414878368378, 0.022980187088251114, 0.06673432141542435, 0.015000581741333008, 0.0006219923961907625, -0.031141240149736404, 0.04521457478404045, 0.005597993731498718, 0.016714563593268394, 0.0053958650678396225, -0.01653238944709301, -0.01760549657046795, 0.0019773796666413546, -0.04881150647997856, 0.02189030312001705, -0.008911033160984516, 0.07094909250736237, -0.006113275419920683, -0.01904122158885002, 0.007496871519833803, 0.043314989656209946, -0.00019007829541806132, -0.025429606437683105, -0.02198883332312107, -0.00887792743742466, -0.05839945748448372, 0.04166825860738754, 0.02612706460058689, 0.007278753910213709, 0.014919611625373363, 0.013991639949381351, -0.011497491970658302, -0.04212133586406708, -0.009999994188547134, 0.014230334199965, 0.013358629308640957, 0.012184507213532925, 0.007237372454255819, 0.043973859399557114, -0.008969474583864212, 0.001963014481589198, -0.003183144610375166, 0.042331937700510025, 0.021267956122756004, 0.019409865140914917, 0.0010947645641863346, 0.0783894881606102, -0.03827747330069542, 0.10722962766885757, 0.034404102712869644, -0.048233240842819214, -0.037248071283102036, 0.05233145132660866, 0.03728509321808815, 0.01393375638872385, -0.0009659907664172351, -0.0548868291079998, -0.002820110647007823, 0.03459499031305313, -0.001840586424805224, -0.023341694846749306, -0.02217154949903488, 0.017844855785369873, -0.022844862192869186, 0.014052767306566238, 0.07438753545284271, 0.005984128452837467, 0.03667674958705902, 0.005667583085596561, 0.04155771806836128, -0.06375771760940552, 0.037673402577638626, -0.011951242573559284, -0.035626910626888275, 0.05892755463719368, 0.0032866462133824825, 0.031056953594088554, 0.010742354206740856, 0.04211286082863808, 0.05307412147521973, 0.03552116081118584, -0.0551854632794857, 0.05027622729539871, 0.007001549005508423, 0.0076379296369850636, -0.017442340031266212, 0.03130073845386505, 0.06277915835380554, 0.012606257572770119, 0.008666717447340488, 0.05512337386608124, 0.0733121931552887, 0.028292028233408928, -0.004375687800347805, -0.0358988493680954, 0.0324389711022377, 0.00393624696880579, 0.00526558980345726, -0.01460924744606018, -0.02399802766740322, -0.026015015318989754, 0.018708065152168274, -0.010322424583137035, -0.022306246683001518, 0.024574527516961098, -0.013506680727005005, 0.04315073788166046, -0.0372295081615448, -0.023592349141836166, 0.07051530480384827, 0.0339852012693882, -0.05432312190532684, 0.04226681962609291, 0.008806014433503151, 0.011577984318137169, 0.0034332762006670237, -0.014596851542592049, 0.02529979683458805, 0.028334565460681915, -0.08354390412569046, 0.008302660658955574, 0.03800474479794502, 0.048812929540872574, -0.006909139920026064, -0.061986517161130905, 0.03617352992296219, -0.016069451346993446, -0.024188455194234848, -0.01552831195294857, 0.026013674214482307, -0.024516334757208824, -0.061898671090602875, 0.026846328750252724, -0.00846902560442686, -0.04182368144392967, -0.0007468370604328811, 0.010774866677820683, -0.031616631895303726, 0.04692528769373894, 0.015729740262031555, -0.04322265461087227, 0.08002660423517227, 0.05178282782435417, -0.02354954369366169, -0.010842344723641872, 0.0006370980991050601, 0.027810515835881233, 0.015000236220657825, 0.02587730437517166, -0.023365911096334457, 0.03875529766082764, 0.0027407498564571142, -0.03493252769112587, -0.002218530047684908, -0.00895922165364027, -0.017745256423950195, 0.001006013946607709, -0.024058792740106583, -0.03493349626660347, -0.04863302409648895, -0.03230242058634758, -0.030269805341959, 0.00330028822645545, 0.03129146620631218, 0.023001406341791153, 0.06342937052249908, -0.09123138338327408, 0.052786216139793396, -0.050741471350193024, 0.02298738621175289, -0.037525929510593414, -0.04643528535962105, -0.028095657005906105, -0.04625559598207474, 0.035193368792533875, -0.055008891969919205, 0.011482960544526577, 0.08909445255994797, -0.10283558815717697, 0.04348796606063843, 0.02223067358136177, 0.004832619801163673, 0.03506677225232124, 0.03242878243327141, 0.012852773070335388, -0.015445801429450512, 0.05289241671562195, 0.01829659752547741, -0.009243462234735489, 0.0780671015381813, 0.02444102242588997, 0.04362965375185013, 0.04617007449269295, -0.016075368970632553, -0.017458172515034676, -0.011501840315759182, -0.018742091953754425, 0.04655323550105095, -0.0059851352125406265, -0.020635707303881645, 0.06975452601909637, -0.011237986385822296, -0.017348209396004677, -0.003154365811496973, -0.046272117644548416, -0.030793381854891777, -0.0021958602592349052, 0.01197904348373413, -0.010647391900420189, 0.05596381798386574, -0.03637487068772316, -0.012612960301339626, 0.062221359461545944, -0.024457883089780807, -0.008447138592600822, -0.04021049663424492, -0.044259313493967056, -0.03997056931257248, 0.031379301100969315, -0.00706522585824132, -0.06494583934545517, 0.0018781349062919617, 0.016722435131669044, 0.032730404287576675, 0.03336094319820404, -0.004774380009621382, 0.022865796461701393, 0.0403556264936924, 0.014604195952415466, -0.015218214131891727, 0.07414891570806503, 0.019841980189085007, 0.01371672097593546, 0.024508358910679817, 0.002795259701088071, -0.06819801032543182, -0.03548109158873558, -0.008290394209325314, 0.0037809591740369797, 0.04237338528037071, 0.0005140501307323575, -0.03300676867365837, -0.049642469733953476, 0.0342026948928833, 0.002516952808946371, -0.033146388828754425, -0.026379967108368874, 0.054633673280477524, -0.11993689090013504, -0.018755588680505753, -0.027789857238531113, -0.009424775838851929, 0.008420713245868683, 0.035964205861091614, -0.011246646754443645, -0.06653940677642822, -0.03313393518328667, 0.07401798665523529, 0.002130471868440509, 0.032742392271757126, 0.029472829774022102, 0.02825874835252762, 0.017020365223288536, 0.03643493726849556, -0.015520540997385979, -0.0014894827036187053, -0.008895372040569782, -0.06350307166576385, 0.01546508353203535, -0.016586415469646454, -0.019642462953925133, 0.010684157721698284, -0.04751944541931152, 0.061135195195674896, 0.04923652485013008, -0.03165551275014877, -0.016416579484939575, 0.1013866737484932, -0.02338220737874508, 0.03316279500722885, -0.04029184207320213, 0.08357225358486176, 0.028340190649032593, -0.03543371334671974, 0.01495758444070816, -0.02134367823600769, -0.03514096885919571, -0.06807783991098404, -0.02799115516245365, 0.017128344625234604, 0.029392220079898834, -0.002586419228464365, 0.031238337978720665, 0.023797011002898216, 0.017042577266693115, -0.03649023920297623, -0.047127865254879, 0.0010335380211472511, -0.00041131870239041746, -0.02574816159904003, 0.028666343539953232, 0.0812026858329773, 0.01274755410850048, 0.03505028784275055, -0.039002880454063416, 0.024794980883598328, 0.0091419517993927, 0.007636308204382658, 0.021638350561261177, 0.028016477823257446, 0.006023827474564314, 0.0004785769560839981, -0.010869285091757774, 0.05616046488285065, 0.0122538385912776, -0.016051368787884712, -0.04844040051102638, 0.006756430957466364, -0.03205573558807373, 0.0012231857981532812, -0.010267696343362331, -0.004633713513612747, 0.026685353368520737, 0.02113027311861515, -0.052845124155282974, -0.04336344078183174, -0.035096779465675354, -0.019565274938941002, 0.005743187852203846, -0.008075105026364326, -0.05078332871198654, -0.033336471766233444, -0.01795339770615101, 0.024325169622898102, 0.005737849976867437, -0.015592538751661777, -0.008384752087295055, 0.03464142978191376, 0.046869002282619476, 0.03283831477165222, 0.056571852415800095, -0.025758229196071625, 0.024287207052111626, 0.026108818128705025, -0.011710336431860924, 0.06670160591602325, -0.017525160685181618, 0.05371939763426781, 0.04689909145236015, -0.038110751658678055, -0.0028192084282636642, -0.023986628279089928, -0.06566014140844345, -0.04304548352956772, 0.0029177945107221603, 0.014513222500681877, -0.0467364676296711, 0.01056455448269844, 0.0088124368339777, 0.01275960635393858, 0.051264505833387375, 0.03254286199808121, -0.016994524747133255, 0.021817754954099655, 0.06782952696084976, -0.023937439545989037, 0.015933213755488396, 0.002310762880370021, -0.009328990243375301, 0.029317237436771393, 0.04106250777840614, 0.01214631274342537, -0.03921324759721756, -0.001376876374706626, -0.0017020147060975432, -0.01924445480108261, -0.03930904343724251, -0.011491931974887848, -0.05982571840286255, -0.0475618876516819, 0.02596501260995865, 0.04058174788951874, 0.01988852769136429, -0.015635257586836815, 0.03313307464122772, -0.07319366186857224, 0.010373339056968689, -0.05976551026105881, -0.012293004430830479, -0.009413258172571659, -0.0011076313676312566, 0.057383399456739426, -0.016774935647845268, -0.011126340366899967, -0.030777445062994957, -0.054650384932756424, 0.014557112008333206, 0.011740169487893581, 0.04391931742429733, 0.0029793342109769583, 0.014651432633399963, -0.030509138479828835, -0.016576066613197327, -0.09580341726541519, 0.06921764463186264, -0.030957475304603577, -0.04528401046991348, -0.02281668409705162, 0.0317605696618557, 0.03665471822023392, 0.025453990325331688, 0.046509794890880585, -0.0035071601159870625, 0.0010958852944895625, -0.00837839674204588, 0.049653492867946625, 0.07503128796815872, -0.015184561721980572, -0.06540309637784958, -0.04184059426188469, -0.004633171949535608, 0.0265385452657938, -0.016726629808545113, 0.04824812337756157, -0.021715402603149414, -0.023939982056617737, -0.08225050568580627, 0.05472121015191078, -0.011520476080477238, -0.02806195057928562, 0.02415025420486927, -0.07837498188018799, 0.018642915412783623, 0.010630650445818901, -0.010926252231001854, 0.013357262127101421, -0.011231128126382828, -0.02624846249818802, -0.037866923958063126, 0.03978409245610237, -0.0389813669025898, 0.05172349512577057, -0.02700907737016678, -0.009242829866707325, -0.03167889267206192, 0.020970910787582397, -0.045732900500297546, 0.040529653429985046, -0.009755969047546387, 0.05093948915600777, -0.052915528416633606, -0.03000676818192005, -0.024421531707048416, 0.03554105758666992, -0.034777991473674774, -0.035020388662815094, -0.07212907075881958, -0.01648038998246193, -0.06982126086950302, 0.050008323043584824, -0.0016657451633363962, 0.003312037093564868, -0.02896335907280445, 0.01964820735156536, -0.01239920873194933, -0.010936963371932507, -0.09043146669864655, -0.016670335084199905, -0.041663896292448044, -0.027437059208750725, 0.011844344437122345, -0.016925634816288948, 0.0477108433842659, -0.007801839150488377, -0.00043758010724559426, 0.03569400683045387, -0.015709133818745613, 0.004135575145483017, 0.07849932461977005, -0.03491349518299103, 0.004014133475720882, -0.01586676761507988, 0.0010794701520353556, -0.004425041377544403, -0.047416187822818756, -0.00946394819766283, -0.045127905905246735, -0.05828090012073517, -0.022718792781233788, -0.028589149937033653, -0.05471108853816986, 0.0020548852626234293, 0.037419162690639496, 0.0008634481928311288, -0.037864044308662415, -0.023668499663472176, 0.0690796971321106, -0.02452506124973297, -0.036856308579444885, 0.07601606845855713, 0.025408389046788216, 0.020539110526442528, 0.015028323046863079, 0.009894657880067825, 0.07456348091363907, -0.028495462611317635, 0.057901788502931595, -0.009054883383214474, 0.008870257064700127, -0.03811679407954216, -0.04240316152572632, 0.034945048391819, 0.05614664405584335, -0.10194738954305649, 0.012910633347928524, 0.019537480548024178, -0.03429210186004639, -0.01836881786584854, 0.005691856611520052, 0.022139983251690865, 0.05520649626851082, 0.00016931215941440314, -0.035759031772613525, 0.029697274789214134, 0.03438159450888634, -0.006789784878492355, -0.005115846171975136, 0.010320128872990608, 0.002794568659737706, -0.007046960294246674, -0.022223301231861115, -0.05432576686143875, 0.02022426947951317, 0.039147477596998215, -0.011236044578254223, -0.03894452750682831, 0.004352514166384935, -0.004298800136893988, -0.007544585037976503, 0.001319719711318612, -0.04619811847805977, -0.036950431764125824, -0.03119286336004734, 0.01162637397646904, 0.007191412150859833, 0.036071039736270905, 0.018913311883807182, -0.033309049904346466, -0.017321789637207985, -0.02377772331237793, -0.02351425774395466, 0.04070195183157921, 0.028566595166921616, 0.016044555231928825, -0.012510081753134727, -0.0870303139090538, 0.04049529880285263, 0.027670998126268387, 0.05926426500082016, 0.028997240588068962, 0.01236934494227171, 0.03108658455312252, 0.06386320292949677, 0.054749563336372375, 0.004941117484122515, 0.020039329305291176, -0.016742581501603127, -0.024083424359560013, -0.0046519446186721325, -0.00901828333735466, 0.04092694818973541, 0.03094600699841976, -0.011324811726808548, -0.07668819278478622, 0.0064379568211734295, 0.029371146112680435, 0.004111789166927338, -0.039578650146722794, 0.016170309856534004, -0.02569577656686306, -0.0428592823445797, -0.039369191974401474, -0.003565703285858035, -0.05589881166815758, -0.0036034979857504368, 0.0074493796564638615, -0.028380513191223145, -0.01087975688278675, -0.05984751135110855, -0.01609470322728157, 0.0643431693315506, -0.007465395610779524, 0.02306000143289566, 0.04161542281508446, 0.005072299391031265, 0.021018022671341896, -0.0463794581592083, -0.016581488773226738, 0.025692809373140335, 0.03869868069887161, -0.013344972394406796, 0.0017122630961239338, -0.03942284733057022, 0.0690351277589798, 0.041318610310554504, -0.0646611675620079, 0.05759125202894211, 0.01659207232296467, -0.043838489800691605, 0.026593482121825218, 0.048122700303792953, -0.0897492840886116, 0.02703644335269928, -0.010177412070333958, 0.004180756863206625, 0.04594571888446808, -0.0024087419733405113, 0.04042768478393555, -0.0013833160046488047, 0.012455443851649761, 0.027173830196261406, -0.032058291137218475, 0.021899469196796417, 0.046035632491111755, 0.0017103679710999131, -0.003982493653893471, -0.04689876735210419, 0.014403737150132656, 0.02069482021033764, -0.007137906271964312, 0.012226690538227558, 0.01188199408352375, 0.0037658866494894028, -0.05693516135215759, -0.04351328685879707, 0.004698802251368761, 0.028847448527812958, -0.04361273720860481, -0.07740281522274017, 0.0184945035725832, 0.029466843232512474, 0.016682054847478867, -0.03737799823284149, 0.03508185222744942, -0.051150932908058167, -0.03572694957256317, -0.043118130415678024, 0.0061654262244701385, 0.010778428055346012, -0.026240728795528412, -0.0054849376901984215, 0.01943589374423027, -0.053229920566082, 0.0019776602275669575, -0.023043550550937653, 0.07827852666378021, 0.019892729818820953, -0.052233632653951645, 0.04569435492157936, -0.06488731503486633, -0.06206502392888069, -0.010933098383247852, 0.008858583867549896, 0.006261278409510851, 0.008420033380389214, -0.042590346187353134, -0.040339671075344086, 0.0042691598646342754, 0.004720175173133612, 0.0035459045320749283, 0.017968377098441124, 0.014341822825372219, 0.012016444467008114, 0.013762421905994415, -0.054423071444034576, 0.03818075358867645, 0.02254139631986618, -0.05213705077767372, -0.05223393067717552, -0.02098086103796959, -0.005757455714046955, -0.02598772570490837, -0.00430790800601244, 0.014948556199669838, -0.008801623247563839, -0.003463955596089363, 0.03150742128491402, 0.04671553522348404, -0.07472014427185059, 0.006242258939892054, -0.05466246232390404, -0.024296628311276436, -0.020983384922146797, -0.04102387651801109, -0.00103804434183985, 0.04346265643835068, 0.01519701723009348, -0.030324561521410942, -0.0228167325258255, -0.010731175541877747, -0.023199068382382393, 0.0359966866672039, 0.03060619719326496, -0.0026320733595639467, 0.04950784891843796, -0.059955794364213943, 0.002862136112526059, -0.021031901240348816, 0.05083625763654709, -0.06473765522241592, -0.003703279187902808, -0.036378148943185806, -0.022079331800341606, -0.06156568229198456, -0.038962673395872116, -0.024477627128362656, -0.01902294158935547, -0.0276960302144289, 0.018240313977003098, 0.035539381206035614, -0.06326469779014587, -0.010071738623082638, -0.05907060205936432, 0.054525554180145264, -0.000014598973393731285, 0.04650268331170082, -0.014522613026201725, 0.05799294635653496, -0.017938947305083275, -0.005584560800343752, -0.01858617179095745, 0.03922155499458313, 0.014761761762201786, 0.03753490746021271, -0.03562450408935547, 0.020628519356250763, -0.019799629226326942, 0.017799558117985725, 0.020829886198043823, -0.058854855597019196, -0.011295072734355927, 0.014465431682765484, -0.04882464185357094, 0.10142118483781815, 0.05362234264612198, -0.028079736977815628, 0.03735453635454178, -0.06833179295063019, 0.0004264951276127249, -0.05185370892286301, 0.047763239592313766, 0.016000645235180855, 0.012224835343658924, 0.0016632325714454055, 0.0049460269510746, -0.07757031172513962, -0.02030704915523529, 0.04870754852890968 ]
<p>Suppose there are two electrons in an atom with $s_1 = \frac{1}{2}$, $l_1 = 1$ and $s_2 = \frac{1}{2}$, $l_2 = 1$. Hence the total $S$ (of the atom) may be +1 or 0. And total $L$ is either $+2$, $+1$ or $0$.</p> <p>Now If we consider </p> <p>$$\begin{align} S=1,L=2 &amp;\to 2S+1=3; J=3,2,1\\ S=0,L=2 &amp;\to 2S+1=1; J=2\\ S=1,L=1 &amp;\to 2S+1=3; J=2,1,0\\ S=0,L=1 &amp;\to 2S+1=1; J=1\\ S=1,L=0 &amp;\to 2S+1=3; J=1\end{align}$$</p> <p>But the last one does not show that $2S+1$ is multiplicity as it has only one $J$ value. Where am I making a mistake?</p>
g4585
[ 0.02111782692372799, 0.013196442276239395, 0.009454325772821903, 0.00005927122401772067, 0.04315032809972763, -0.04080726206302643, -0.019816387444734573, 0.04929106682538986, 0.006130058318376541, 0.0019077773904427886, -0.0625562071800232, 0.055265676230192184, 0.029453841969370842, -0.000010769768778118305, -0.022836189717054367, 0.00528266467154026, 0.0666683167219162, 0.018843580037355423, 0.03310840204358101, 0.017243992537260056, -0.014621592126786709, -0.01355032715946436, -0.015551349148154259, -0.06661292910575867, 0.02606179751455784, -0.0030872542411088943, -0.02176477015018463, -0.011488056741654873, -0.07675101608037949, -0.04042836278676987, 0.019775481894612312, 0.02673611417412758, -0.005600553005933762, -0.03305499628186226, 0.010384131222963333, -0.031460873782634735, 0.03135720640420914, -0.05473993718624115, 0.030021633952856064, -0.03298284485936165, -0.020552920177578926, -0.052281513810157776, 0.02252025343477726, -0.013789135962724686, 0.02297770231962204, 0.017068633809685707, -0.05275127664208412, 0.031945083290338516, 0.02927263267338276, -0.015447178855538368, 0.06562535464763641, 0.0805535838007927, -0.01860780268907547, -0.009841757826507092, 0.01935725286602974, 0.058054178953170776, -0.03054327331483364, -0.002539915032684803, 0.06377796828746796, 0.05103713646531105, 0.03811996802687645, 0.00369952036999166, 0.01557137444615364, 0.055328935384750366, 0.031170682981610298, 0.007341263350099325, -0.00379287451505661, -0.020476246252655983, 0.04716092348098755, -0.009370136074721813, -0.026369495317339897, -0.046266451478004456, 0.048983603715896606, 0.004941824823617935, -0.005736599676311016, -0.0050734481774270535, -0.014691643416881561, -0.04322590306401253, -0.020858801901340485, 0.027658000588417053, -0.030728662386536598, -0.02152933180332184, 0.02515215240418911, 0.03143595531582832, 0.04189440235495567, 0.02279757708311081, -0.019612690433859825, -0.06671588122844696, -0.02973273955285549, -0.04525119811296463, -0.006322933826595545, 0.00395056651905179, 0.0022720058914273977, -0.022938283160328865, -0.02677036263048649, -0.057632144540548325, 0.0006604865193367004, 0.042004987597465515, -0.06938133388757706, 0.008407071232795715, -0.03541073575615883, 0.05057758092880249, 0.05962761119008064, -0.005480624735355377, -0.009790251031517982, -0.04863962531089783, -0.0246969573199749, -0.0023431472945958376, 0.006630034651607275, -0.048586513847112656, -0.009631003253161907, 0.010920116677880287, -0.01654253900051117, -0.08529390394687653, -0.059821732342243195, 0.05391776189208031, 0.05599980056285858, -0.02481045015156269, -0.0004790986131411046, 0.020943066105246544, 0.06539413332939148, -0.022899983450770378, 0.1043642982840538, 0.047498516738414764, 0.00031888243393041193, -0.016958065330982208, 0.005642995238304138, -0.016430562362074852, 0.0378156341612339, -0.0156550370156765, -0.0676392987370491, -0.01338021457195282, 0.05649472028017044, 0.0006929766968823969, 0.021334242075681686, -0.030485820025205612, -0.006731984205543995, -0.001475236495025456, -0.04572540894150734, -0.0032066155690699816, 0.00975620374083519, -0.024654025211930275, 0.007144495844841003, -0.022886747494339943, 0.009788026101887226, -0.040466487407684326, -0.05682205408811569, -0.0027636196464300156, 0.0022086594253778458, 0.029966259375214577, 0.010370767675340176, 0.042500488460063934, 0.03670321777462959, -0.022417237982153893, -0.05709995701909065, -0.02977611869573593, 0.03134899586439133, 0.00276525248773396, 0.019052870571613312, -0.009152892976999283, 0.028012588620185852, -0.02140405960381031, 0.013091480359435081, 0.030963754281401634, -0.03535754606127739, 0.03392137214541435, -0.004077808000147343, -0.0558428019285202, -0.002144445199519396, -0.035568851977586746, 0.022784849628806114, -0.0158894844353199, 0.021650468930602074, -0.0003745205176528543, 0.0341280922293663, 0.05158832296729088, 0.02188786491751671, -0.01976349577307701, 0.014529203064739704, 0.02962704934179783, -0.032125040888786316, -0.003958503250032663, -0.017070377245545387, 0.006586735136806965, -0.015424543991684914, -0.006484696175903082, -0.014647156931459904, 0.08134710043668747, -0.08602099120616913, 0.009403018280863762, 0.03586408868432045, 0.06709715723991394, 0.025681674480438232, 0.028661703690886497, 0.003210783004760742, 0.028804544359445572, -0.0028628164436668158, -0.017287617549300194, 0.011145372875034809, -0.014932869002223015, 0.029493503272533417, -0.020594991743564606, -0.01526559703052044, 0.02087574638426304, -0.012993765994906425, 0.00040746989543549716, -0.0248574148863554, 0.011434941552579403, 0.019531918689608574, 0.019837992265820503, -0.06656865775585175, -0.056458134204149246, -0.050574544817209244, 0.013353442773222923, -0.014647393487393856, -0.034022461622953415, -0.010150638408958912, 0.04019628092646599, -0.053102802485227585, 0.004635656718164682, -0.041151013225317, 0.0038191406056284904, 0.04465911164879799, -0.015623346902430058, -0.03291749954223633, 0.04861397296190262, 0.0013096746988594532, -0.06394887715578079, -0.037573885172605515, 0.008317227475345135, -0.06980938464403152, 0.032512765377759933, -0.03497583046555519, -0.0336579866707325, 0.015493112616240978, 0.02752167172729969, -0.035350725054740906, 0.013336488977074623, -0.004166147205978632, -0.009560738690197468, 0.023004457354545593, -0.04834902286529541, -0.0503101572394371, -0.014840783551335335, 0.049984246492385864, 0.021181851625442505, 0.03379368409514427, 0.03489786013960838, -0.008792674168944359, 0.06044914573431015, -0.05478967726230621, -0.021573731675744057, -0.07854961603879929, 0.05576838552951813, -0.021462952718138695, -0.03328852355480194, -0.05904771387577057, 0.028290115296840668, -0.02225048840045929, 0.006484499201178551, 0.0341927595436573, -0.00671353517100215, -0.009938152506947517, 0.012954658828675747, -0.019839247688651085, -0.020872721448540688, -0.0034567592665553093, -0.03282135725021362, 0.03924965858459473, 0.0012283144751563668, -0.009158442728221416, 0.031360819935798645, -0.0024425238370895386, 0.064015693962574, -0.039846159517765045, -0.047496289014816284, -0.028229737654328346, -0.008509442210197449, 0.06812762469053268, 0.03416354954242706, -0.029915697872638702, 0.03743746876716614, -0.02014745958149433, 0.020635435357689857, 0.03375096619129181, -0.031022125855088234, -0.0015517842257395387, 0.02377910353243351, 0.03678732365369797, 0.04312906414270401, -0.03666594624519348, 0.0139734772965312, -0.010437491349875927, -0.03441838175058365, 0.02882852591574192, 0.01768374629318714, 0.030253393575549126, -0.032839905470609665, 0.0051918309181928635, 0.0754765048623085, 0.03547324240207672, 0.03159129619598389, 0.008313989266753197, 0.005738209001719952, 0.08993394672870636, 0.02179032936692238, -0.020725317299365997, -0.014662360772490501, -0.04305151477456093, -0.053741205483675, 0.01874733902513981, 0.0258638858795166, 0.011473378166556358, -0.01837446354329586, -0.009071948938071728, 0.008255424909293652, 0.0503416582942009, 0.027116311714053154, 0.02636615000665188, -0.05274427682161331, -0.00453584548085928, -0.00010011646372731775, 0.0005894394707866013, 0.010604361072182655, -0.0027894272934645414, -0.012635670602321625, -0.04165247455239296, -0.0053126011043787, -0.02246873825788498, 0.015616370365023613, -0.0027056632097810507, 0.0572853684425354, 0.0024823283310979605, -0.003239276120439172, -0.008469258435070515, -0.04339161887764931, 0.016353661194443703, 0.002389357192441821, 0.015625618398189545, 0.059853844344615936, -0.05058049410581589, -0.009057819843292236, 0.0011951993219554424, 0.024964099749922752, -0.00517513370141387, -0.0008643194450996816, -0.07724687457084656, 0.039168719202280045, 0.04076749086380005, 0.0011283851927146316, 0.008107691071927547, 0.03637943044304848, 0.009723450988531113, 0.05222320556640625, -0.06911218911409378, 0.009646864607930183, -0.025133667513728142, 0.05338653177022934, -0.023491334170103073, 0.049055397510528564, 0.023407043889164925, -0.01727307215332985, -0.0012532846303656697, 0.0073145050555467606, -0.0020024036057293415, -0.016565240919589996, -0.029685460031032562, 0.03636059910058975, 0.07241011410951614, -0.03869255632162094, -0.05036726966500282, -0.025748061016201973, 0.015056269243359566, -0.0008723048376850784, 0.03826705366373062, -0.06759444624185562, -0.05979832634329796, 0.003274413989856839, -0.03248116746544838, 0.07294317334890366, 0.02043887972831726, -0.03258901834487915, -0.010672281496226788, 0.006341348402202129, 0.0038555320352315903, 0.012639516964554787, 0.032802119851112366, -0.05113350227475166, -0.01527032908052206, 0.007504646200686693, 0.016959067434072495, -0.015017679892480373, -0.03992379084229469, 0.05421246588230133, 0.007574704010039568, -0.018998680636286736, 0.08592500537633896, -0.05023146793246269, 0.035451777279376984, 0.0763218104839325, -0.005114890169352293, -0.04820244759321213, -0.0026989977341145277, -0.04660380631685257, 0.031549789011478424, 0.07837769389152527, 0.06583364307880402, 0.0007300825673155487, 0.028744710609316826, -0.03230509161949158, -0.008071924559772015, 0.04699864611029625, 0.0561508983373642, 0.00008095270459307358, -0.004291890654712915, -0.005325431004166603, 0.008878523483872414, 0.01907462626695633, 0.023686476051807404, -0.03039032220840454, 0.04037811607122421, 0.06268297135829926, 0.028064657002687454, -0.07427588105201721, 0.03114374168217182, 0.07087498903274536, 0.026113029569387436, -0.020751869305968285, -0.0046949065290391445, -0.014392999932169914, -0.044359538704156876, 0.03432232514023781, 0.05120377615094185, 0.0329250767827034, -0.04473921284079552, 0.010602617636322975, -0.007736711297184229, 0.050741419196128845, -0.03703630343079567, 0.09008877724409103, 0.041659317910671234, 0.04250021278858185, -0.015104039572179317, 0.05750254914164543, 0.07762610167264938, -0.027691727504134178, -0.056738872081041336, -0.06611844897270203, -0.0037494353018701077, -0.0508929118514061, -0.052299562841653824, 0.027136899530887604, -0.015245292335748672, 0.02247374691069126, -0.016720114275813103, -0.01245070155709982, -0.08537283539772034, -0.005456175189465284, -0.01452560257166624, 0.004653934855014086, -0.02805226668715477, -0.04231129214167595, 0.0058789364993572235, 0.008608573116362095, 0.05239621922373772, 0.021367916837334633, -0.003378281369805336, 0.002964647486805916, -0.07069552689790726, -0.05326499789953232, 0.02287684939801693, -0.00712686637416482, -0.015857061371207237, 0.0051391893066465855, 0.06677418947219849, -0.05293542891740799, 0.006760591175407171, 0.0023124990984797478, 0.015518817119300365, -0.017093349248170853, -0.029470501467585564, -0.02431570366024971, -0.02302657812833786, -0.033959437161684036, -0.013981150463223457, -0.01607508584856987, 0.016426125541329384, -0.020531287416815758, 0.056519925594329834, 0.0007362461183220148, 0.024488119408488274, 0.026785999536514282, 0.044506486505270004, -0.006378035992383957, -0.0036999392323195934, 0.04772012680768967, -0.01978011429309845, -0.008778898976743221, 0.032643552869558334, 0.025014126673340797, -0.051935914903879166, 0.04981441795825958, -0.023602847009897232, -0.012223945930600166, -0.008416661992669106, 0.05139300972223282, 0.03348217532038689, -0.011943085119128227, -0.006903878878802061, 0.003556816140189767, -0.02321568876504898, -0.029751621186733246, 0.02247857116162777, 0.006341550033539534, 0.023938314989209175, -0.05279740318655968, 0.003415133338421583, 0.0064562042243778706, -0.024192646145820618, -0.057490501552820206, 0.046285875141620636, 0.046103354543447495, -0.002220445778220892, -0.005752194207161665, 0.0605899803340435, -0.03117252327501774, -0.041951313614845276, -0.0694744735956192, 0.022171415388584137, 0.0258705522865057, 0.007700800430029631, -0.006686810869723558, 0.009551373310387135, 0.05558032542467117, 0.024247143417596817, -0.006253451108932495, -0.05983775854110718, 0.03332960978150368, 0.01934516243636608, 0.016328731551766396, 0.007306681014597416, -0.036236632615327835, 0.003205294720828533, 0.01699869893491268, -0.03797976300120354, 0.031462959945201874, -0.008662339299917221, -0.030408013612031937, 0.031209547072649002, -0.002596502425149083, -0.018829861655831337, 0.08604652434587479, -0.07639981061220169, -0.04901030659675598, 0.05124105513095856, 0.04504675045609474, 0.01928841695189476, 0.00021288736024871469, 0.02498529478907585, 0.017650829628109932, 0.01440401654690504, -0.008453329093754292, -0.02163887210190296, 0.012301302514970303, 0.021712765097618103, -0.051281075924634933, -0.05416461080312729, -0.017937317490577698, -0.06355659663677216, 0.04234612360596657, -0.024799788370728493, 0.010104035958647728, 0.010566892102360725, 0.006002095993608236, 0.053695786744356155, 0.06694769114255905, -0.04176058992743492, -0.058792732656002045, 0.009621163830161095, -0.08077792078256607, -0.026853065937757492, 0.01099160686135292, -0.029703296720981598, -0.028347527608275414, 0.0016468666726723313, 0.03875534236431122, -0.05961890146136284, -0.006149479653686285, 0.10574520379304886, -0.036841679364442825, -0.053223706781864166, -0.0191718228161335, -0.04764103516936302, 0.00698504876345396, 0.005131947807967663, -0.009955104440450668, -0.017755169421434402, 0.012726007960736752, -0.0017748725367709994, 0.02189166657626629, 0.06738850474357605, 0.029119795188307762, -0.012571310624480247, 0.04245537519454956, 0.009872213006019592, 0.012577246874570847, -0.04895477741956711, -0.001199853839352727, -0.01356095727533102, 0.07499897480010986, -0.038329239934682846, 0.016565833240747452, 0.007535670883953571, 0.008138860575854778, -0.002000183332711458, -0.04391811788082123, 0.035941433161497116, 0.03859004005789757, -0.029395006597042084, -0.03859560936689377, 0.04384992644190788, -0.027586765587329865, -0.050365690141916275, 0.013916751369833946, 0.07504263520240784, 0.02552596665918827, -0.0174252986907959, 0.03142521157860756, 0.01065036840736866, -0.024519409984350204, -0.04358820617198944, 0.02340640313923359, 0.0010555319022387266, 0.018549781292676926, 0.02819809503853321, 0.006884477566927671, 0.018205171450972557, 0.023081481456756592, 0.006782640237361193, 0.11518006026744843, -0.062404781579971313, 0.0011054094647988677, 0.05862421914935112, 0.017366742715239525, -0.028586125001311302, 0.01003678236156702, 0.019121799618005753, -0.012691361829638481, -0.1215297281742096, -0.02507101371884346, 0.01494554989039898, 0.025677453726530075, -0.009222443215548992, 0.037351131439208984, -0.0028966895770281553, -0.056517306715250015, 0.006322099361568689, 0.022344810888171196, 0.03938950598239899, -0.04179833084344864, 0.003092709230259061, -0.018301108852028847, 0.00980133842676878, -0.006749735679477453, -0.060419484972953796, 0.05209809169173241, 0.000982835772447288, -0.05456677824258804, -0.048628754913806915, -0.07328750193119049, -0.03897653892636299, -0.02107693813741207, 0.0025730221532285213, 0.04867294430732727, -0.020623154938220978, -0.022272750735282898, -0.025427522137761116, 0.02045402117073536, -0.0082846125587821, -0.026040922850370407, 0.02116909809410572, 0.03669058158993721, 0.00006715571362292394, -0.00022164291294757277, -0.017508773133158684, 0.005849268287420273, 0.0133533775806427, -0.007712609600275755, -0.05248108133673668, 0.019442684948444366, 0.07203719764947891, -0.04129280522465706, 0.12575897574424744, -0.001324373995885253, -0.012629775330424309, 0.001771270646713674, -0.000404062942834571, 0.04205942898988724, 0.003438787069171667, 0.041977789252996445, 0.06687047332525253, -0.045216288417577744, 0.002262262161821127, 0.008816477842628956, 0.03050394542515278, -0.010912684723734856, -0.000771427876316011, 0.011820228770375252, -0.025626225396990776, -0.059469930827617645, -0.010512647219002247, 0.026097925379872322, 0.0283421128988266, 0.041616640985012054, 0.020083889365196228, -0.07811302691698074, -0.05897600203752518, 0.0728556364774704, -0.0072183613665401936, -0.029673246666789055, 0.0005193412071093917, -0.028538458049297333, 0.01607554964721203, -0.044817596673965454, -0.06405699998140335, -0.018582722172141075, 0.01104405615478754, -0.009940334595739841, -0.0006353984936140478, 0.038828294724226, -0.03403709828853607, 0.030570782721042633, -0.032661888748407364, 0.04341132566332817, -0.01890367642045021, -0.003442775458097458, 0.04016130045056343, -0.04898039996623993, -0.02729661576449871, 0.00453915074467659, -0.005767332389950752, -0.02381836250424385, 0.01762360706925392, -0.03520883619785309, -0.052501074969768524, -0.011665819212794304, -0.0514187328517437, 0.043123237788677216, -0.0140583710744977, -0.057486407458782196, -0.0734192356467247, 0.053650468587875366, -0.021138004958629608, 0.024208281189203262, 0.0898875966668129, 0.02612292394042015, 0.041807662695646286, -0.013659307733178139, -0.019330013543367386, -0.018914099782705307, -0.07258164137601852, -0.01330627966672182, -0.02611199952661991, 0.011090913787484169, -0.009585502557456493, -0.09484144300222397, -0.01022439543157816, -0.0023030696902424097 ]
<p>The question I have in mind is: <strong>If we place a conductor (arbitrary shape) of total charge zero in a uniform external electric field $\textbf{E}_0$, does it experience any net force? Why (not)?</strong></p> <p>Now I will discuss the context of the question. I am working on Griffiths <em>Introduction to Electrodynamics, Fourth Edition</em>, p.112 Problem 2.59 (<strong>not homework problem</strong>, though). it says,</p> <blockquote> <p>Prove or disprove (with a counterexample) the following</p> <p>Theorem: Suppose a conductor carrying a net charge $Q$, when placed in an external electric field $\textbf{E}_e$, experiences a force $\textbf{F}$; if the external field is now reversed ($\textbf{E}_e \to - \textbf{E}_e$), the force also reverses ($\textbf{F} \to -\textbf{F}$).</p> <p>What if we stipulate that the external field is <em>uniform</em>?</p> </blockquote> <p>In general this is obviously not true. I will first <strong>limit myself to the case of $Q=0$</strong>.</p> <p>One approach: when $\textbf{E}$ is reversed, the surface charged distribution $\sigma$ is also reversed (to cancel $\textbf{E}$), so the electrostatic pressure at every point, $\frac{1}{2\epsilon_0} \sigma^2\, \hat{\textbf{n}}$ stays the same. Consequently, $\textbf{F}$ stays the same rather than flips sign.</p> <p>Another approach: there is an intuitive counterexample. A conductor is generally attracted to a point charge nearby; if the sign of the point charge is flipped, the conductor is still attracted rather than repulsed.</p> <p>So the first question is easy, and the interesting one is "<strong>What if we stipulate that the external field is <em>uniform</em>?</strong>" I suspect that in a uniform external field the net force is zero, so that $\textbf{F} = 0 = -\textbf{F}$, but I can't think of a way to prove or disprove it.</p>
g4586
[ 0.04033021256327629, 0.029395751655101776, 0.0009373204666189849, -0.052020687609910965, 0.08602937310934067, 0.06067676097154617, 0.022481946274638176, 0.002431908855214715, -0.04195927828550339, 0.007341219112277031, -0.01581696979701519, 0.029733575880527496, -0.008709189482033253, -0.03730020299553871, 0.00617541279643774, 0.036837853491306305, 0.06060892343521118, -0.07869627326726913, 0.03428971767425537, 0.022349322214722633, -0.02380727231502533, 0.017057063058018684, 0.015415843576192856, -0.01393444836139679, -0.014308444224298, -0.021266644820570946, 0.018982378765940666, -0.03381400927901268, -0.01133044809103012, -0.09494934976100922, 0.009010563604533672, 0.0438273549079895, 0.04455069079995155, -0.029898419976234436, -0.09262731671333313, -0.0031845495104789734, 0.03395942598581314, 0.03622608631849289, -0.033225324004888535, 0.013132947497069836, 0.04245304688811302, -0.006144154351204634, 0.034424442797899246, -0.0005939746042713523, 0.007942208088934422, -0.028657125309109688, -0.04267013072967529, 0.02647578902542591, 0.008612927049398422, -0.007902032695710659, -0.030078338459134102, -0.016694337129592896, 0.015089278109371662, -0.05986355245113373, -0.0023426737170666456, -0.019569747149944305, 0.03339027985930443, 0.002139895223081112, -0.03234648331999779, 0.03973332792520523, -0.04727604240179062, 0.014014841988682747, 0.0024469003546983004, -0.0016978104831650853, -0.008976282551884651, 0.016968371346592903, -0.09860040992498398, 0.01803511194884777, 0.03662882000207901, 0.007268610876053572, -0.057145144790410995, -0.019127923995256424, -0.021004261448979378, 0.0024223076179623604, 0.0010773540707305074, 0.0359666608273983, 0.007079272530972958, -0.006605825386941433, 0.0059126513078808784, -0.010688677430152893, -0.05800487846136093, -0.02057257853448391, 0.012704871594905853, 0.06942936778068542, 0.06518388539552689, -0.02200208231806755, 0.032225556671619415, -0.001515373820438981, -0.009233513846993446, 0.013983430340886116, 0.024489831179380417, 0.00045709902769885957, 0.04507819935679436, 0.011819899082183838, -0.036787401884794235, -0.029914023354649544, 0.056794095784425735, 0.026010802015662193, -0.051948755979537964, -0.04815881326794624, -0.04259798675775528, 0.006935137324035168, -0.035799335688352585, 0.05100565031170845, -0.0013691950589418411, -0.014512820169329643, 0.047100745141506195, 0.028889361768960953, -0.012074204161763191, -0.009425908327102661, -0.0025733804795891047, -0.01165840495377779, -0.037993211299180984, -0.01588541455566883, -0.03823316469788551, -0.021418292075395584, 0.029261166229844093, -0.04436973109841347, -0.04577037692070007, 0.09235791862010956, -0.013039284385740757, -0.019810548052191734, 0.027065232396125793, 0.017331738024950027, 0.02117242105305195, -0.015239004977047443, 0.02200211025774479, 0.023364318534731865, 0.02985760010778904, -0.036601368337869644, -0.013154396787285805, 0.03411697968840599, -0.023432444781064987, -0.03745337948203087, 0.024477358907461166, 0.002289474243298173, -0.042396895587444305, -0.022219883278012276, 0.04758641496300697, -0.019128616899251938, 0.0020892287138849497, -0.02762824296951294, -0.00012182846694486216, -0.002229412319138646, 0.0430847592651844, -0.004342150408774614, -0.009606539271771908, 0.015972193330526352, 0.06361319124698639, 0.02444492094218731, -0.00012548112135846168, 0.08937039971351624, -0.025745319202542305, -0.0012137555750086904, -0.017509832978248596, -0.039975013583898544, 0.06872550398111343, 0.001146557740867138, 0.026769109070301056, 0.003844887251034379, 0.0795605406165123, 0.028826218098402023, -0.0011935605434700847, 0.0337904691696167, 0.001065518124960363, -0.056591954082250595, -0.0264733899384737, 0.014751453883945942, -0.006411513779312372, -0.07904975116252899, -0.052937768399715424, 0.03699277341365814, 0.016488032415509224, 0.08625325560569763, 0.008190607652068138, -0.05262671038508415, -0.05617472156882286, -0.000571433745790273, 0.03591007739305496, -0.015504480339586735, -0.06701403111219406, 0.009438259527087212, 0.034953683614730835, 0.02251167967915535, 0.004909839481115341, 0.03609964996576309, -0.05395537614822388, 0.09502144902944565, -0.022928960621356964, -0.001051391358487308, -0.02306395024061203, 0.018855711445212364, -0.06155361235141754, 0.009878002107143402, 0.007948344573378563, -0.017500294372439384, 0.020755454897880554, -0.04512637108564377, 0.014831413514912128, -0.04035217687487602, 0.028670499101281166, 0.030623111873865128, 0.06809008866548538, -0.022910723462700844, -0.02378658391535282, 0.015965484082698822, -0.036385081708431244, -0.05251437425613403, 0.08097460120916367, -0.009007015265524387, 0.015615541487932205, -0.03474689647555351, -0.016853926703333855, 0.021374907344579697, -0.030347231775522232, 0.01208017859607935, -0.05121223255991936, -0.003628362901508808, -0.08360457420349121, -0.004619114566594362, -0.03672095015645027, 0.0075802914798259735, -0.0070120180025696754, 0.00817453395575285, -0.09949453920125961, -0.014937822706997395, 0.013911187648773193, -0.012826002202928066, -0.0243288055062294, 0.010454309172928333, -0.052507106214761734, -0.023821966722607613, 0.013160871341824532, -0.030456839129328728, 0.05163415148854256, 0.037244148552417755, 0.005861713085323572, -0.01002265140414238, 0.046730805188417435, -0.05826747044920921, 0.016188498586416245, -0.0518888495862484, -0.009896478615701199, 0.006307339761406183, -0.0012130890972912312, -0.06270448863506317, 0.01935122348368168, -0.0003280047094449401, 0.030129870399832726, 0.00883432012051344, 0.03296314924955368, -0.001932950341142714, 0.0354887992143631, 0.043920453637838364, -0.004878677427768707, -0.004610750824213028, -0.02853460982441902, 0.04895748943090439, 0.006693598814308643, -0.022033609449863434, -0.00473930686712265, 0.04063262417912483, -0.019130799919366837, 0.061202503740787506, -0.08254394680261612, -0.013430168852210045, -0.0709008052945137, 0.02030874229967594, 0.06260699778795242, 0.0366753414273262, 0.029957326129078865, 0.08336642384529114, -0.03659036010503769, 0.0067321849055588245, 0.01787475310266018, -0.01828489452600479, -0.018109234049916267, -0.02940443903207779, 0.042840030044317245, 0.04192069545388222, 0.023233309388160706, 0.017456892877817154, -0.03578023239970207, 0.029432227835059166, -0.0011413692263886333, -0.0022112990263849497, 0.006140128243714571, -0.03714834153652191, -0.005666285753250122, -0.028481939807534218, -0.036895714700222015, 0.011057675816118717, 0.10241533070802689, -0.020470714196562767, 0.015204050578176975, 0.020364727824926376, 0.006238674744963646, -0.08034317940473557, -0.004434042144566774, -0.010388066992163658, -0.010461702942848206, -0.022193923592567444, -0.025894511491060257, 0.009372829459607601, 0.05605756491422653, 0.018222039565443993, -0.03640250489115715, -0.05763804912567139, 0.003976546693593264, 0.02106301859021187, -0.059995848685503006, 0.03951862081885338, 0.004641498439013958, -0.05041393265128136, -0.03774877265095711, 0.03972433879971504, -0.003917810507118702, -0.019162330776453018, -0.014995923265814781, -0.028038732707500458, 0.007789548486471176, -0.037934429943561554, -0.010458148084580898, 0.040825068950653076, 0.028229527175426483, 0.06309786438941956, -0.0532173290848732, 0.06500178575515747, -0.054677460342645645, 0.01924242451786995, 0.006967941764742136, 0.05047359690070152, 0.014579292386770248, -0.043028801679611206, -0.006247346289455891, -0.0023780777119100094, 0.023763759061694145, 0.09157053381204605, 0.04810557886958122, 0.03563428297638893, 0.0031884631607681513, -0.04731481522321701, -0.03253185376524925, -0.09408696740865707, -0.009074551984667778, 0.02241254225373268, -0.04517737403512001, -0.03765488788485527, 0.0069986796006560326, 0.008401961997151375, 0.019242089241743088, -0.03927885740995407, 0.06672287732362747, 0.036434706300497055, 0.02040826342999935, -0.024972882121801376, 0.03041849099099636, 0.008070959709584713, -0.026632139459252357, -0.014299902133643627, 0.03483523055911064, 0.010757235810160637, 0.036971673369407654, -0.05323537811636925, 0.028208879753947258, 0.008051816374063492, 0.003049989929422736, 0.03875069320201874, -0.08549252897500992, -0.045735206454992294, 0.033496905118227005, -0.02616320364177227, -0.0027629828546196222, 0.0312521830201149, 0.06562737375497818, -0.06044517830014229, 0.006924252957105637, 0.023224791511893272, 0.049954853951931, 0.050580721348524094, 0.07502579689025879, 0.05157679319381714, -0.008919383399188519, 0.0027840943075716496, 0.006464843172580004, 0.059528935700654984, -0.0495464913547039, 0.03397742286324501, 0.039597369730472565, -0.027352705597877502, -0.042957693338394165, 0.00279515003785491, 0.0006538534653373063, 0.029422109946608543, -0.021039403975009918, 0.010793812572956085, 0.04342631623148918, -0.04436146840453148, -0.02183295041322708, -0.004121874459087849, 0.04648374021053314, 0.009004862047731876, -0.038902442902326584, 0.00497707212343812, -0.04398306459188461, -0.03436416760087013, -0.005699370056390762, -0.06715589761734009, -0.006420104298740625, -0.03968041017651558, -0.012012229301035404, -0.030059736222028732, -0.01496037282049656, -0.07913385331630707, 0.0264971274882555, 0.01129052322357893, 0.033195916563272476, 0.05628303810954094, 0.029634274542331696, -0.06032674387097359, 0.04822191596031189, 0.02191007509827614, 0.009202771820127964, -0.025380857288837433, 0.0374494269490242, 0.060685452073812485, 0.053599387407302856, 0.045243993401527405, -0.011767338030040264, -0.002221778966486454, -0.020933695137500763, 0.031790200620889664, -0.05360369384288788, -0.0013571650488302112, -0.08470167964696884, 0.05066683888435364, -0.026125848293304443, 0.06881904602050781, 0.0009099586168304086, 0.03636356443166733, 0.08120769262313843, -0.01268058642745018, 0.005197255406528711, -0.016532164067029953, -0.0629827082157135, 0.012613603845238686, -0.05185782536864281, 0.009036654606461525, 0.01707320474088192, -0.02264699712395668, -0.049280211329460144, 0.0035484489053487778, -0.004160779062658548, -0.03591519221663475, -0.03366321697831154, -0.03970614820718765, -0.003009588923305273, -0.007790376897901297, -0.04668862745165825, -0.0055985357612371445, 0.007225026376545429, -0.02688768319785595, -0.012124130502343178, 0.07109737396240234, 0.03491777181625366, 0.05474288761615753, -0.028827283531427383, 0.0068236361257731915, 0.02473990060389042, -0.014148704707622528, 0.028163405135273933, 0.0747186541557312, 0.07372787594795227, 0.006972523406147957, 0.025446927174925804, 0.030460931360721588, 0.03099459409713745, -0.0367506667971611, -0.04815303161740303, -0.054469816386699677, -0.03402938321232796, 0.031001806259155273, 0.015746060758829117, -0.00850677490234375, -0.017492877319455147, -0.012048831209540367, -0.023833617568016052, 0.013027203269302845, -0.020841291174292564, -0.06667592376470566, -0.013331462629139423, -0.009793541394174099, 0.01165070477873087, -0.0070925368927419186, -0.04479527473449707, 0.03385290130972862, -0.020124923437833786, 0.02292347326874733, -0.046785175800323486, 0.006341843865811825, -0.048079755157232285, 0.007242722902446985, -0.029418442398309708, 0.05132770165801048, 0.021277982741594315, 0.05169949680566788, -0.03227204829454422, -0.01761360466480255, 0.0027345330454409122, 0.02277361787855625, -0.05878446623682976, 0.03463044390082359, 0.034650757908821106, 0.004275399260222912, 0.02759704552590847, -0.0009642512304708362, -0.08422031253576279, -0.04053974896669388, -0.05088592320680618, -0.031312137842178345, 0.04213978722691536, 0.013157772831618786, 0.017577039077878, -0.054763514548540115, -0.013222213834524155, -0.006419910583645105, -0.01960412599146366, -0.004453389439731836, -0.018032481893897057, 0.009903955273330212, -0.014373840764164925, 0.04715009778738022, -0.04716421291232109, -0.035849735140800476, -0.03682318702340126, -0.029014984145760536, 0.049431901425123215, 0.008159640245139599, -0.00811308715492487, -0.026659438386559486, 0.05627676099538803, -0.044889897108078, 0.041050709784030914, 0.005586876068264246, -0.0741286501288414, 0.030367081984877586, -0.05530601739883423, -0.01901692897081375, 0.02044394426047802, -0.02334047481417656, 0.045590437948703766, 0.026544343680143356, -0.08429834246635437, 0.015899881720542908, 0.03672219067811966, 0.036810409277677536, 0.006808931473642588, -0.014770623296499252, -0.012284008786082268, -0.044641830027103424, 0.03808140009641647, 0.009385626763105392, -0.0037400091532617807, -0.00946117378771305, 0.044005386531353, 0.024822989478707314, -0.02610831707715988, 0.035439927130937576, 0.027360808104276657, 0.036840371787548065, 0.03712177276611328, 0.005694585852324963, 0.037532489746809006, -0.000005310439973982284, 0.053283676505088806, -0.03162599354982376, -0.004911679308861494, -0.01661432534456253, -0.034754738211631775, 0.008117800578474998, -0.01757236197590828, 0.029495321214199066, 0.019509969279170036, -0.07440689951181412, -0.04735155776143074, 0.0006504348129965365, -0.06199531629681587, -0.013976050540804863, 0.04952038824558258, -0.054849229753017426, 0.040154505521059036, -0.029705142602324486, 0.007002672180533409, 0.000490780861582607, -0.033740751445293427, 0.020587677136063576, -0.002777941059321165, 0.013613537885248661, -0.010698255151510239, 0.06206825003027916, -0.010675951838493347, 0.029073022305965424, 0.07334702461957932, -0.01601392589509487, 0.04912970960140228, 0.06399468332529068, 0.05128480866551399, -0.0005336608155630529, -0.01627863384783268, -0.022684333845973015, 0.03140230104327202, -0.002324372064322233, -0.0111638642847538, -0.034959014505147934, 0.03065703622996807, -0.04415096715092659, 0.0016318514244630933, 0.0048507582396268845, -0.026655735448002815, 0.0061188009567558765, -0.012861267663538456, -0.07117193192243576, 0.03302668407559395, 0.03275865688920021, 0.013993059284985065, 0.02400573529303074, 0.00823652371764183, 0.005260607227683067, 0.07309635728597641, 0.00146073242649436, -0.015202351845800877, 0.009083910845220089, -0.060551732778549194, 0.041800063103437424, 0.007671216037124395, 0.023257620632648468, 0.046388860791921616, -0.00022677377273794264, 0.019833093509078026, -0.024524563923478127, -0.05515284091234207, 0.050434790551662445, 0.009207870811223984, -0.026344507932662964, -0.049947790801525116, 0.01054839976131916, 0.0015856954269111156, 0.004651625175029039, -0.02716873772442341, 0.054669562727212906, 0.06879454851150513, 0.0005656441790051758, -0.04752533137798309, -0.014546406455338001, -0.02127305418252945, 0.027872078120708466, 0.05748637765645981, 0.019335435703396797, -0.02737385220825672, 0.01514680776745081, -0.022551516070961952, -0.008074643090367317, 0.005411663558334112, 0.016404973343014717, -0.0261805709451437, 0.013859438709914684, -0.003229327267035842, -0.058701448142528534, -0.0400269590318203, -0.003386134747415781, 0.037586383521556854, -0.07282714545726776, -0.0033059767447412014, -0.016213087365031242, 0.05587833374738693, -0.01138010248541832, 0.0015929501969367266, 0.06637183576822281, 0.05687073618173599, 0.011536573991179466, 0.03954584524035454, 0.05101342871785164, -0.04498457536101341, 0.036406148225069046, -0.05137002095580101, -0.010513466782867908, -0.07210388779640198, 0.028720350936055183, -0.0026326028164476156, -0.025059698149561882, 0.046437058597803116, 0.023553302511572838, 0.006286391988396645, 0.01417718455195427, -0.015869367867708206, -0.017148125916719437, 0.0012240299256518483, 0.0597885325551033, 0.03321473300457001, 0.0038362951017916203, -0.014030922204256058, -0.011697482317686081, -0.05189816281199455, -0.008899238891899586, -0.0025194541085511446, 0.013490614481270313, -0.04335546866059303, -0.038083504885435104, -0.041888728737831116, 0.006194231100380421, 0.052628666162490845, 0.014635155908763409, 0.03150094673037529, -0.015578522346913815, 0.06498789042234421, 0.0034245257265865803, -0.07881953567266464, -0.0006976780714467168, 0.029030276462435722, -0.014480656944215298, 0.008845703676342964, 0.04056210815906525, -0.005471380893141031, 0.0042127822525799274, -0.05482263118028641, 0.01997171714901924, -0.007916142232716084, 0.028127126395702362, 0.04587138444185257, -0.0013433321146294475, -0.0015441227005794644, -0.0525597408413887, -0.0400066040456295, -0.00518908491358161, -0.007141411770135164, -0.04020821675658226, -0.0019507169490680099, -0.02472641132771969, 0.018513040617108345, -0.038290709257125854, -0.009653594344854355, 0.0200570747256279, -0.07950831204652786, -0.012096613645553589, -0.035316381603479385, 0.027174877002835274, -0.024308551102876663, 0.060836683958768845, 0.014178693294525146, 0.007712425198405981, 0.024280766025185585, 0.011846061795949936, -0.06376854330301285, 0.018570246174931526, 0.019492167979478836, -0.05490964278578758, -0.039143454283475876, -0.00037051920662634075, 0.05547379329800606, 0.04643934592604637, -0.05046852305531502, -0.014369150623679161, 0.021314043551683426, -0.014442387968301773, -0.04711698368191719, -0.012526034377515316, -0.026257578283548355, -0.001853836583904922 ]
<p><a href="http://physics.stackexchange.com/q/27939/2451">Here</a> and <a href="http://physics.stackexchange.com/q/28181/2451">here</a> it states that water is at its highest density around $4^\circ$ Celsius. I know very little physics and a Google search has left me without an answer. I am teaching an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordinary_differential_equation" rel="nofollow">ODE</a> class in the math department. I have a student that heard the above stated in a physics course. She is wondering whether this is an appropriate project for my class. So, does this fact come from some differential equations? </p>
g4587
[ 0.05550437048077583, 0.01402217335999012, -0.007283695507794619, -0.02404937334358692, 0.018566329032182693, 0.04559871926903725, 0.023205282166600227, 0.008490871638059616, -0.046553418040275574, 0.012291702441871166, -0.009204278700053692, -0.010830824263393879, 0.06739059090614319, -0.015922341495752335, -0.011202303692698479, 0.015261171385645866, 0.019602922722697258, -0.048861563205718994, 0.00441211462020874, 0.012690586969256401, -0.03055727854371071, -0.0483894944190979, 0.03754797950387001, -0.02213943749666214, 0.03680305555462837, 0.044210709631443024, 0.007547224406152964, -0.03506217524409294, -0.05963148549199104, -0.030134979635477066, -0.011372999288141727, 0.04319433495402336, 0.010556615889072418, -0.02578631602227688, -0.08812662214040756, -0.027294982224702835, 0.02340906485915184, -0.007559919264167547, 0.01141238771378994, -0.04764701426029205, 0.010622288100421429, -0.019443687051534653, 0.03663501515984535, 0.010249718092381954, -0.0015826052986085415, 0.001756142359226942, -0.04315923899412155, -0.013847419992089272, -0.033884476870298386, -0.02260189689695835, 0.013399520888924599, 0.03267183154821396, 0.008511170744895935, 0.010879549197852612, -0.03668787330389023, 0.039400167763233185, 0.02494218572974205, 0.01614953577518463, 0.03002452291548252, 0.024626964703202248, 0.036708611994981766, 0.02276534214615822, -0.012346209958195686, -0.003945955540984869, 0.07352358102798462, -0.02258889749646187, -0.0457698255777359, -0.033150628209114075, -0.017306650057435036, -0.01613936573266983, 0.052721451967954636, -0.08374673128128052, -0.05609888955950737, -0.04397323355078697, -0.004904006142169237, 0.02306348644196987, 0.019576286897063255, -0.036942362785339355, 0.0058046807534992695, -0.006751792039722204, -0.03327740728855133, 0.015674158930778503, 0.029602844268083572, -0.031454380601644516, 0.09155556559562683, -0.021829137578606606, 0.030349718406796455, 0.014847534708678722, 0.0017881500534713268, -0.016759473830461502, -0.03173372149467468, -0.010702330619096756, 0.070664182305336, -0.0251894723623991, 0.03239260986447334, -0.018371064215898514, 0.0024231821298599243, 0.024899812415242195, 0.018566831946372986, 0.02335641346871853, -0.05420564487576485, -0.0062096756882965565, 0.019876165315508842, -0.01369647216051817, -0.0151930907741189, 0.04347347095608711, 0.018846897408366203, -0.01979033835232258, -0.0695125088095665, -0.0014464661944657564, -0.009047601372003555, -0.023148121312260628, -0.013621481135487556, 0.026448417454957962, -0.04983927309513092, 0.006960009224712849, 0.024947678670287132, -0.02209268882870674, -0.007349545136094093, 0.06390419602394104, -0.010183651000261307, 0.09676036983728409, 0.03879963979125023, 0.0855981856584549, 0.018486568704247475, 0.022450609132647514, 0.03134751319885254, 0.03288041800260544, 0.016150498762726784, -0.018060747534036636, -0.0015983019256964326, 0.014318008907139301, -0.02178533747792244, -0.019785819575190544, 0.03628163039684296, 0.000716955226380378, -0.009540855884552002, 0.01545277051627636, -0.008990100584924221, 0.05476269870996475, 0.042251791805028915, 0.06650551408529282, 0.021973349153995514, -0.01318842452019453, -0.002706802450120449, -0.041790325194597244, -0.060672469437122345, 0.009212839417159557, -0.03263049200177193, -0.008042748086154461, 0.02645159140229225, -0.022282006219029427, 0.02884395606815815, -0.03935028240084648, 0.009853054769337177, 0.0031221022363752127, -0.024651605635881424, 0.031938452273607254, -0.00018247339176014066, -0.015234562568366528, -0.01233688835054636, 0.035189222544431686, -0.0003739162639249116, 0.04525468125939369, -0.021462690085172653, -0.03678463026881218, 0.03504151850938797, -0.002020155545324087, -0.0492854081094265, 0.004706813022494316, -0.04447215795516968, -0.021505866199731827, -0.05072331428527832, -0.0037839016877114773, -0.03052995540201664, -0.025339389219880104, 0.03640484809875488, -0.042840082198381424, 0.033593546599149704, -0.03632131591439247, -0.007360230199992657, 0.036835767328739166, 0.059479814022779465, -0.017234662547707558, -0.005966445431113243, 0.007898475043475628, 0.028657617047429085, 0.0029080742970108986, -0.026246268302202225, 0.016179943457245827, -0.0630301833152771, -0.022559959441423416, 0.002516363048925996, 0.024327637627720833, 0.0742914006114006, -0.02281869389116764, 0.01611437276005745, -0.027347495779395103, -0.023252902552485466, 0.05295957624912262, 0.00800333172082901, 0.018061282113194466, 0.018963053822517395, -0.018649810925126076, -0.014444052241742611, 0.048728954046964645, -0.032371778041124344, -0.015462223440408707, 0.03613194823265076, -0.03404894471168518, -0.0014175208052620292, -0.04084508493542671, -0.008923791348934174, 0.06273382902145386, 0.011951037682592869, -0.01354053895920515, -0.02840878628194332, 0.03629061579704285, -0.033697620034217834, 0.02150268293917179, -0.0642814189195633, -0.00010829434904735535, -0.0170042272657156, 0.04436175152659416, -0.0594228059053421, 0.006819928530603647, -0.07900420576334, -0.035660259425640106, 0.028900498524308205, 0.025577805936336517, -0.02326158806681633, 0.013077172450721264, -0.014606648124754429, 0.025545690208673477, 0.05458154156804085, 0.08943987637758255, -0.062479715794324875, -0.016900889575481415, 0.035204850137233734, 0.009158937260508537, 0.017128732055425644, 0.0326455719769001, -0.04845350980758667, -0.039507947862148285, 0.03096245415508747, -0.012720515951514244, -0.0024163995403796434, 0.01979294791817665, 0.058811914175748825, 0.019025804474949837, 0.0055071283131837845, -0.060504864901304245, 0.022518692538142204, 0.0632128044962883, 0.04528898000717163, -0.0035942289978265762, -0.04725176468491554, 0.0069273775443434715, -0.03496308997273445, -0.04914139583706856, 0.019479770213365555, -0.049158141016960144, -0.003358073066920042, -0.03702302277088165, -0.09793658554553986, 0.006807207595556974, -0.06739044189453125, -0.00543823279440403, 0.01543976366519928, 0.0021244753152132034, 0.0393669418990612, 0.06948517262935638, -0.04056162014603615, 0.04850723594427109, -0.0609174408018589, -0.03928912803530693, 0.010003569535911083, -0.0024761769454926252, 0.013560261577367783, -0.007122568320482969, 0.02852296456694603, 0.009281223639845848, -0.022263409569859505, 0.014603904448449612, 0.07277333736419678, -0.021108046174049377, -0.011294691823422909, 0.008635863661766052, -0.018637916073203087, 0.028804536908864975, 0.01609904132783413, 0.010737672448158264, 0.004299024119973183, 0.04405227676033974, 0.018490560352802277, 0.02389632724225521, 0.02130524255335331, -0.042553532868623734, -0.020575813949108124, 0.010140946134924889, -0.03775555267930031, -0.012092117220163345, 0.01440915372222662, -0.00454477546736598, 0.0004056868201587349, 0.042999785393476486, -0.04396286606788635, -0.007545096334069967, -0.0038807038217782974, -0.01026943139731884, -0.027943627908825874, -0.03404225409030914, -0.0105664087459445, 0.031189916655421257, -0.032890427857637405, -0.04401205852627754, 0.0314207561314106, -0.03215489536523819, 0.06133203208446503, -0.05489450693130493, 0.019353197887539864, -0.032471444457769394, 0.013191328383982182, 0.0011969569604843855, 0.026949673891067505, 0.03901077061891556, -0.016712499782443047, -0.026506515219807625, -0.04534976929426193, -0.02154277078807354, 0.01933402195572853, -0.018047137185931206, 0.017857449129223824, 0.015082495287060738, -0.0419684536755085, -0.04811515659093857, 0.011820298619568348, 0.037164073437452316, 0.03130071610212326, 0.029927100986242294, -0.0802149698138237, -0.014210686087608337, -0.005022734869271517, -0.029104083776474, -0.019396889954805374, 0.01086663082242012, 0.005622547585517168, 0.028664493933320045, 0.02972228080034256, 0.01574237085878849, 0.05624467134475708, 0.018591061234474182, 0.007561584003269672, -0.05033939704298973, 0.021455254405736923, -0.026138225570321083, 0.005555341951549053, 0.018214372918009758, -0.02776547521352768, -0.025497280061244965, 0.031628675758838654, -0.02844713069498539, 0.06836162507534027, 0.013487217016518116, -0.007959053851664066, -0.0048124841414391994, -0.056721992790699005, 0.0527430959045887, -0.055858220905065536, -0.015667585656046867, -0.03447950631380081, -0.04822865501046181, -0.0011669090017676353, 0.08204998821020126, 0.07016734778881073, -0.059747062623500824, 0.014524606056511402, -0.013032469898462296, -0.03077588602900505, 0.0383845716714859, 0.04364227503538132, 0.011013081297278404, 0.04718800634145737, -0.006685590371489525, -0.029445169493556023, -0.04017573222517967, -0.0463072843849659, -0.04548453167080879, 0.03566879779100418, -0.08608277887105942, 0.06934555619955063, -0.011756335385143757, 0.007569870445877314, 0.06429284065961838, -0.01746702380478382, -0.022720636799931526, 0.03061954490840435, 0.04148836061358452, -0.08434271812438965, -0.00912483874708414, -0.04630131646990776, -0.023208945989608765, 0.030773386359214783, -0.014729445800185204, 0.004439325071871281, 0.02856425568461418, 0.06381680816411972, -0.049912042915821075, -0.02081187628209591, -0.056298356503248215, 0.052686236798763275, 0.04668254032731056, -0.020991478115320206, -0.022872064262628555, -0.019482994452118874, 0.027737556025385857, -0.01791154220700264, -0.027442017570137978, 0.010174649767577648, 0.016934864223003387, 0.02027244120836258, 0.001384855480864644, -0.05104997009038925, 0.006810849066823721, 0.02695467509329319, 0.06445258855819702, 0.0955980196595192, -0.0090582724660635, -0.0362420529127121, -0.02853410504758358, -0.025671832263469696, -0.0050864084623754025, -0.010042810812592506, 0.04856344312429428, 0.029274892061948776, 0.041993554681539536, 0.019843997433781624, 0.015877459198236465, -0.03218744695186615, 0.034268904477357864, -0.01796799525618553, 0.011629099026322365, 0.022952236235141754, -0.00677168183028698, 0.023065559566020966, 0.042527683079242706, 0.020817911252379417, -0.000741704658139497, -0.0309113971889019, -0.013585446402430534, 0.005021695047616959, -0.00659352820366621, -0.006742030847817659, 0.018544426187872887, -0.009181348606944084, -0.05556076392531395, -0.02910999208688736, 0.026221102103590965, -0.05696636065840721, 0.05976489931344986, -0.010460319928824902, -0.008645955473184586, 0.022882286459207535, 0.054672397673130035, 0.05737918242812157, -0.08718441426753998, 0.0507546029984951, -0.05643991380929947, -0.044807277619838715, -0.024431465193629265, 0.018842624500393867, 0.07622241973876953, 0.06479641050100327, 0.005571090616285801, -0.009229980409145355, 0.01833506114780903, 0.008379993960261345, 0.01727774180471897, 0.011972264386713505, -0.021793654188513756, 0.025946639478206635, 0.027803711593151093, -0.051450345665216446, 0.07994053512811661, 0.011133435182273388, 0.06745170801877975, -0.05162551626563072, 0.03660435974597931, 0.014870306476950645, -0.016618365421891212, -0.02372109889984131, -0.014493484050035477, 0.03376176208257675, 0.01454909611493349, -0.07039307057857513, -0.06949925422668457, 0.01739327609539032, -0.07693198323249817, 0.025212742388248444, 0.011720231734216213, -0.029387077316641808, -0.007978374138474464, -0.010405694134533405, -0.034010980278253555, -0.012205024249851704, 0.04591251164674759, 0.05001556873321533, 0.03479127585887909, -0.006075050216168165, 0.08237822353839874, 0.017169971019029617, 0.007524028420448303, 0.05865076929330826, -0.001096123829483986, 0.0007081126677803695, -0.05794626101851463, -0.05297871306538582, 0.04345418140292168, 0.044089771807193756, -0.01597888581454754, 0.0759652853012085, -0.04995030537247658, 0.01264398917555809, 0.044805217534303665, -0.014029443264007568, -0.03437238931655884, -0.0258380938321352, 0.01608438603579998, 0.024361956864595413, 0.022623810917139053, 0.02525441162288189, 0.020587274804711342, 0.07000963389873505, -0.045015204697847366, -0.023761359974741936, -0.02425830438733101, -0.013639544136822224, -0.004010059405118227, 0.0545954629778862, 0.060117777436971664, 0.039315611124038696, -0.0010043639922514558, 0.004857161547988653, 0.07136043161153793, -0.01550000999122858, -0.022316856309771538, -0.04867701604962349, -0.041752640157938004, 0.06479889154434204, 0.003935534972697496, -0.035476554185152054, 0.014644329436123371, -0.03998619318008423, 0.021299511194229126, 0.005390523001551628, -0.0359002910554409, 0.013997097499668598, -0.022857651114463806, -0.06491570919752121, 0.017230108380317688, 0.024229269474744797, 0.061245396733284, 0.051691025495529175, 0.02138277143239975, -0.07707546651363373, -0.06464836001396179, -0.019145695492625237, -0.017930367961525917, 0.0686066523194313, 0.08323578536510468, -0.013262465596199036, -0.010313364677131176, 0.030830612406134605, -0.0435958094894886, 0.06623020768165588, -0.022835418581962585, -0.022984040901064873, 0.022297436371445656, -0.016853464767336845, -0.038755495101213455, 0.0007805085042491555, -0.01622358150780201, -0.02190525457262993, -0.00267901923507452, 0.0021237994078546762, -0.011849511414766312, -0.016716986894607544, 0.01661018095910549, -0.02669692412018776, -0.025731999427080154, 0.037334851920604706, 0.011670990847051144, -0.011097335256636143, 0.008252912200987339, 0.0355098731815815, -0.050761591643095016, 0.0018689249409362674, 0.04397242143750191, -0.03894556686282158, -0.003861762583255768, 0.03649193048477173, 0.005583904683589935, -0.010094567202031612, 0.04798775911331177, 0.03294102102518082, -0.006726753432303667, 0.056756969541311264, 0.027787650004029274, -0.06578286737203598, 0.005692141596227884, -0.0467170812189579, 0.04452391713857651, 0.023516714572906494, -0.011747497133910656, -0.0645115002989769, -0.019385090097784996, 0.07639844715595245, 0.03348730504512787, -0.012655136175453663, 0.022680114954710007, -0.0024614923167973757, -0.012271995656192303, -0.003421778790652752, -0.010080664418637753, 0.00744986766949296, 0.06991595029830933, -0.05378522351384163, 0.011710068210959435, 0.07235430926084518, -0.01987844705581665, 0.06977707892656326, -0.03947748243808746, -0.005378429312258959, 0.04268278181552887, -0.01021270640194416, 0.022908996790647507, -0.05720693618059158, 0.012418339028954506, 0.10811474174261093, 0.03868010267615318, 0.0004326209891587496, -0.007382885552942753, 0.02030223235487938, -0.017128482460975647, 0.012150613591074944, -0.011040717363357544, 0.02165166474878788, -0.041547104716300964, -0.07614286988973618, -0.049127355217933655, 0.0584767647087574, -0.07058440893888474, -0.015227971598505974, -0.017698494717478752, -0.016591724008321762, 0.005323539953678846, 0.031495776027441025, 0.01113999355584383, 0.0015675012255087495, -0.004466064274311066, -0.012062197551131248, -0.012309429235756397, 0.027443017810583115, 0.04118090122938156, -0.050567399710416794, 0.0195110272616148, 0.0176578126847744, -0.012444253079593182, -0.056762199848890305, -0.0055363853462040424, -0.003318110480904579, 0.03281274810433388, -0.016903536394238472, -0.03900017589330673, 0.011551318690180779, 0.04724018648266792, 0.00894130952656269, -0.008164279162883759, 0.025845248252153397, -0.00023506545403506607, 0.054316941648721695, 0.027875909581780434, 0.02224813774228096, -0.043683011084795, -0.06392137706279755, -0.01182251051068306, -0.0255103949457407, -0.053010761737823486, 0.07578955590724945, 0.045063506811857224, -0.0584062822163105, 0.003248174674808979, -0.005976337939500809, -0.03790909796953201, -0.009240349754691124, 0.07179215550422668, 0.02343798242509365, -0.013577776961028576, 0.019825419411063194, 0.026189003139734268, -0.039055004715919495, -0.008393361233174801, -0.03083401545882225, -0.029311245307326317, -0.0043746656738221645, 0.022956544533371925, 0.029495105147361755, 0.037691082805395126, -0.04606565088033676, -0.03279843181371689, -0.005185615736991167, -0.04328589886426926, 0.01640038937330246, -0.07062358409166336, 0.06873591244220734, 0.0017954816576093435, -0.0336216539144516, -0.04911133274435997, -0.03073493018746376, -0.012337405234575272, 0.007878466509282589, 0.019984452053904533, -0.031705740839242935, -0.04375944286584854, -0.03554484620690346, -0.033892348408699036, -0.035993944853544235, 0.002941336017102003, -0.002751857042312622, 0.01915411278605461, -0.06946469843387604, -0.0013767110649496317, -0.004119690041989088, -0.051444560289382935, -0.01234132144600153, -0.0034811394289135933, 0.015632668510079384, 0.038086388260126114, 0.026907822117209435, 0.06228958070278168, -0.0015204574447125196, -0.030084950849413872, -0.006807828322052956, -0.08062941581010818, -0.0017408740241080523, -0.06737329810857773, -0.035842135548591614, 0.03268347308039665, -0.005167173221707344, -0.05603594332933426, -0.024543356150388718, -0.02105036936700344, -0.03805460035800934, 0.032979972660541534, 0.002729967702180147, -0.07189292460680008, 0.05278914049267769, 0.015825683251023293, -0.0026789591647684574, -0.011484996415674686, -0.043288640677928925, -0.04620412364602089, 0.08731438219547272, 0.01675882190465927, 0.005863857921212912, -0.05154551938176155, -0.029440606012940407, -0.0606313981115818 ]
<blockquote> <p>I have a pot with water of mass $m$ and it is heated by a stove element of temperature $T_E$ and with a surface area of $A$. The water starts at temperature $T_W &gt; 0^\circ\, C$.</p> <p>How long would it take to heat up this water to a final temperature of $T_F$ ($T_W&lt;T_F &lt; 100^\circ \, C$)? Metal of the pot is negligible.</p> </blockquote> <p>The heat travels with convection in the water, presumably. I was trying to figure out a solution to this problem, but I am unsure as to what formula to use. </p> <p>Would the answer change if someone is constantly stirring?</p>
g4588
[ 0.02159165032207966, 0.021041879430413246, 0.011279025115072727, -0.026252323761582375, -0.009109944105148315, -0.019540030509233475, 0.04758678004145622, 0.025528881698846817, -0.06876759231090546, 0.004419701173901558, -0.01490488275885582, 0.06908559054136276, 0.06561274081468582, 0.04246627166867256, 0.04170006141066551, 0.03231746330857277, 0.02177419699728489, -0.015798166394233704, -0.02150823175907135, 0.07362940162420273, 0.0396232008934021, -0.022142352536320686, 0.002421316225081682, -0.0357375368475914, -0.06876963376998901, -0.03792024031281471, 0.0005039566312916577, 0.026920903474092484, 0.014271889813244343, -0.041979528963565826, -0.037230782210826874, 0.04487914964556694, -0.039530523121356964, -0.00523164588958025, -0.08944699913263321, -0.07149107754230499, 0.0048384093679487705, 0.04061231389641762, -0.009533013217151165, -0.0592685304582119, 0.011578679084777832, 0.0017814973834902048, 0.04093801602721214, 0.05157744139432907, 0.020840240642428398, 0.035688720643520355, -0.021624818444252014, 0.04158177599310875, -0.08035390079021454, 0.04423131048679352, -0.0006224006065167487, -0.02568398043513298, -0.021343478932976723, -0.04613253101706505, -0.0896354541182518, 0.02312527224421501, 0.016676684841513634, -0.018270496279001236, 0.008811873383820057, 0.09422618895769119, 0.008735371753573418, -0.025028536096215248, -0.02811211533844471, -0.04817885160446167, 0.03387778624892235, 0.04501241818070412, -0.027321968227624893, 0.023501213639974594, 0.0025298127438873053, 0.010746663436293602, 0.012892444618046284, -0.017964623868465424, 0.021894432604312897, -0.039771661162376404, -0.05338006094098091, -0.020492490381002426, -0.03769960626959801, -0.0021210787817835808, 0.010978084988892078, -0.01882866956293583, -0.050311896950006485, -0.0072015197947621346, 0.013762429356575012, -0.012816750444471836, -0.06022163853049278, 0.007039989344775677, -0.03150049224495888, 0.036880649626255035, -0.032818812876939774, 0.008623757399618626, -0.03621905669569969, 0.005479450337588787, 0.09018901735544205, 0.0014004547847434878, -0.0010292923543602228, -0.04403592646121979, -0.020363572984933853, 0.030971501022577286, -0.0623743012547493, 0.0032932108733803034, 0.03782512620091438, -0.03268807753920555, 0.022405413910746574, -0.010113107971847057, -0.04788505658507347, 0.03252270445227623, 0.029671519994735718, 0.022060463204979897, 0.010800013318657875, 0.013346009887754917, 0.0009316659416072071, -0.0654086098074913, -0.03804614767432213, 0.009846090339124203, -0.04615556448698044, -0.03139492869377136, 0.010706632398068905, 0.025999993085861206, 0.024325715377926826, -0.007449041586369276, -0.011236052960157394, -0.01087474450469017, 0.017657537013292313, 0.058744870126247406, 0.05741889402270317, -0.03756040707230568, 0.06376611441373825, 0.03427873179316521, 0.03807176277041435, 0.06377717107534409, -0.02424730733036995, 0.06186463311314583, -0.017719263210892677, 0.023155072703957558, 0.059430427849292755, 0.012763417325913906, -0.008284670300781727, 0.0498095266520977, -0.0025496063753962517, 0.012079179286956787, 0.025155389681458473, -0.04203132167458534, 0.025103935971856117, -0.053349535912275314, -0.04372918978333473, 0.03433046489953995, 0.017460376024246216, -0.073799267411232, 0.041017159819602966, -0.024252798408269882, 0.0016188517911359668, 0.03884829208254814, 0.027324043214321136, -0.012346380390226841, 0.03520240634679794, -0.0076871151104569435, -0.0004295468097552657, -0.04167479649186134, 0.13534018397331238, -0.07211446762084961, 0.009350944310426712, -0.00020394951570779085, -0.021443691104650497, -0.010197393596172333, -0.039173830300569534, 0.025465771555900574, -0.0322241485118866, -0.025804506614804268, -0.058823924511671066, -0.03089534118771553, -0.022067232057452202, 0.013826715759932995, -0.07045233994722366, 0.027014674618840218, -0.0023963216226547956, -0.00808504968881607, 0.03409178927540779, 0.029392803087830544, 0.0078094336204230785, -0.024427887052297592, -0.03362661972641945, -0.01766759715974331, 0.0666888877749443, 0.03918429836630821, 0.019260141998529434, 0.021500347182154655, 0.007955175824463367, -0.03525867313146591, -0.07975040376186371, -0.015704050660133362, 0.005731303244829178, 0.005388038698583841, 0.020588381215929985, 0.08870987594127655, -0.0007171120378188789, -0.030403371900320053, 0.018349748104810715, -0.019498106092214584, -0.047536805272102356, -0.054980117827653885, 0.022705741226673126, 0.01070201676338911, 0.03034137561917305, -0.0041291420347988605, 0.001642372808419168, -0.022412901744246483, 0.03213581070303917, 0.03125086799263954, -0.017811691388487816, -0.018008550629019737, -0.023768052458763123, 0.025311194360256195, -0.031967248767614365, 0.03956109657883644, -0.025049522519111633, 0.025444578379392624, -0.07781470566987991, 0.06262580305337906, -0.0015332377515733242, 0.02246735617518425, 0.028597304597496986, -0.0377110056579113, -0.04759598523378372, -0.03645837679505348, -0.0465860441327095, -0.01789313741028309, 0.029656149446964264, -0.03186295926570892, -0.03285374492406845, 0.07308663427829742, -0.007750436197966337, -0.0016314288368448615, -0.0047227321192622185, -0.05116339772939682, 0.027032645419239998, 0.02224751189351082, -0.0052297902293503284, 0.026783525943756104, 0.02420281060039997, 0.019853919744491577, 0.00459156883880496, 0.016178052872419357, -0.00944496039301157, -0.009927871637046337, 0.006029278039932251, -0.006926314439624548, 0.05074019730091095, -0.006826317869126797, 0.004406739491969347, 0.057154566049575806, 0.015352155081927776, -0.02338428981602192, -0.026251697912812233, 0.04114783927798271, -0.0632871612906456, -0.05472983047366142, -0.020952120423316956, 0.005875578615814447, -0.02218780666589737, 0.008682501502335072, 0.0038593653589487076, -0.02263210527598858, 0.051644254475831985, -0.025097427889704704, -0.023454738780856133, -0.02817750722169876, -0.08586407452821732, -0.022791048511862755, 0.0026599622797220945, 0.04206334799528122, -0.010549343191087246, -0.023543337360024452, 0.05095314234495163, 0.0760384276509285, -0.04734339192509651, -0.018134186044335365, 0.04956163838505745, -0.024776427075266838, 0.04317888617515564, 0.036871325224637985, 0.01011041458696127, -0.05116238445043564, -0.034260571002960205, 0.0348740853369236, -0.013928527012467384, -0.04483231157064438, -0.010369503870606422, 0.0271715447306633, 0.017054997384548187, -0.021128704771399498, 0.004699737764894962, 0.013825933448970318, 0.011231966316699982, 0.04258666932582855, 0.06704293191432953, 0.05816665664315224, 0.03190214931964874, -0.0361250601708889, 0.011213761754333973, -0.026273146271705627, 0.013909095898270607, -0.00807536207139492, -0.030015377327799797, -0.029919402673840523, 0.04804828390479088, -0.003976272884756327, -0.02767568826675415, -0.019956760108470917, 0.015568648464977741, -0.06212472543120384, 0.006121976301074028, 0.04327996075153351, -0.0654100701212883, -0.00019315913959871978, -0.0048229387030005455, 0.0253390371799469, -0.017860623076558113, 0.013863209635019302, 0.0545445941388607, 0.012129222974181175, -0.03788289800286293, -0.01305445097386837, 0.028122415766119957, 0.00409278878942132, 0.011113066226243973, 0.024793047457933426, -0.04028654098510742, 0.007097176276147366, -0.028945067897439003, -0.029545055702328682, -0.022575652226805687, 0.024584682658314705, -0.07633894681930542, -0.05584648996591568, -0.007883311249315739, 0.016012519598007202, 0.026593798771500587, 0.029480544850230217, -0.04497303068637848, 0.08015573024749756, -0.041639141738414764, -0.055924441665410995, -0.029495844617486, 0.018763383850455284, 0.004413631744682789, -0.020778676494956017, -0.009026648476719856, -0.010781286284327507, -0.03626146540045738, 0.04774687811732292, 0.01704208180308342, -0.0120089091360569, 0.01767859235405922, -0.011531505733728409, -0.014393619261682034, 0.01906869001686573, 0.029128065332770348, -0.0016363273607566953, -0.032694995403289795, -0.008603481575846672, 0.0057212794199585915, 0.009400395676493645, 0.044038064777851105, 0.00251327664591372, -0.044910624623298645, 0.04094035550951958, 0.03245396912097931, 0.03493143990635872, -0.0071131144650280476, -0.0038300715386867523, -0.0023430550936609507, -0.040230248123407364, -0.031060434877872467, 0.008983248844742775, 0.07046747952699661, 0.011105338111519814, 0.024013066664338112, -0.016230104491114616, -0.004688888788223267, 0.05155408754944801, -0.05975181609392166, 0.020174743607640266, -0.01007844228297472, -0.016773967072367668, 0.009586579166352749, 0.02521650306880474, -0.018791241571307182, 0.011086025275290012, 0.04626896232366562, -0.09641370177268982, 0.030464330688118935, 0.002896801568567753, 0.03136833757162094, 0.037762098014354706, 0.013321835547685623, 0.005809806752949953, 0.013152679428458214, 0.031801074743270874, -0.005896432790905237, -0.019898822531104088, 0.04117625951766968, -0.049238551408052444, 0.022820835933089256, 0.031177731230854988, -0.018858570605516434, 0.030855178833007812, 0.04576311260461807, -0.03104231134057045, -0.007098615635186434, -0.04112006351351738, -0.020585214719176292, 0.021266648545861244, -0.0011889206944033504, 0.00017001402738969773, 0.01761970855295658, -0.0848371684551239, 0.03125828877091408, 0.0044965012930333614, -0.021095866337418556, -0.05801394209265709, -0.04563259705901146, 0.013509097509086132, -0.014886693097651005, 0.022033624351024628, 0.036198802292346954, 0.0033442990388721228, -0.021247340366244316, -0.028734568506479263, 0.0029214650858193636, -0.032221727073192596, -0.025581182911992073, 0.05975787714123726, -0.06308595091104507, 0.025309881195425987, -0.04685405269265175, 0.02575187012553215, 0.010555261746048927, 0.027973230928182602, 0.019456123933196068, 0.02199713885784149, -0.0003924034826923162, 0.04188799485564232, -0.03282734751701355, 0.03422466665506363, 0.010790521278977394, 0.04031667485833168, 0.001745960908010602, -0.08837909251451492, 0.010425368323922157, -0.024763375520706177, 0.01079587358981371, 0.0835409089922905, -0.0035333482082933187, -0.0006889746291562915, -0.01540242787450552, -0.019988037645816803, -0.02192329801619053, 0.03987269848585129, 0.008391715586185455, 0.04503842443227768, 0.002827511401847005, -0.010124732740223408, -0.060818057507276535, 0.03597600758075714, -0.03371879458427429, -0.06138680502772331, 0.08317811787128448, -0.004407084081321955, -0.003532060422003269, 0.05726751312613487, 0.028664926066994667, 0.07617717981338501, 0.07785136252641678, 0.05732531473040581, 0.03916626796126366, 0.012800774537026882, 0.03103683888912201, -0.009544702246785164, 0.01702130399644375, 0.03352680802345276, -0.015760725364089012, -0.023166850209236145, -0.005543048959225416, 0.08858285844326019, 0.05267896130681038, 0.03253769874572754, -0.05573100969195366, 0.004722727928310633, 0.051071662455797195, -0.03998854011297226, 0.0069855512119829655, 0.03307074308395386, 0.01920342445373535, -0.0015230218414217234, 0.02076190896332264, -0.029406078159809113, -0.020684130489826202, -0.03935883566737175, 0.05279938876628876, 0.008199268952012062, 0.03871872276067734, 0.04885457083582878, -0.016773957759141922, 0.019796231761574745, -0.05119280517101288, 0.04830364137887955, -0.016338739544153214, 0.03651402145624161, 0.021622195839881897, 0.04749102145433426, 0.021889496594667435, 0.061043255031108856, -0.020096484571695328, 0.007049486506730318, 0.04516506567597389, -0.03921664506196976, -0.0011430595768615603, -0.024103518575429916, -0.016377752646803856, 0.02928946167230606, 0.07279374450445175, 0.005420367699116468, -0.030012544244527817, 0.011039910838007927, 0.04258090630173683, 0.006704379804432392, -0.0720803439617157, -0.038221027702093124, 0.023354677483439445, 0.03482551500201225, 0.04156553000211716, 0.02370687574148178, -0.03253564611077309, -0.015845177695155144, -0.05761813744902611, 0.02430536225438118, 0.032155245542526245, -0.025630900636315346, -0.01237417384982109, -0.00008714447903912514, -0.00747631024569273, 0.026342308148741722, 0.07154171913862228, 0.002542665461078286, 0.03677572309970856, -0.0478811077773571, -0.0016683607827872038, -0.03857525810599327, 0.014363205060362816, 0.044188082218170166, -0.04688354581594467, 0.05882694199681282, 0.04533744230866432, 0.03581076115369797, 0.0756228044629097, -0.009078022092580795, -0.022116662934422493, -0.02881363034248352, 0.026739783585071564, -0.05696414038538933, 0.07703831791877747, 0.028236009180545807, 0.012795763090252876, -0.008366221562027931, -0.04357815161347389, -0.0533316433429718, -0.08130710572004318, 0.006636518985033035, 0.040397949516773224, -0.0001833540154621005, 0.03179927170276642, -0.046192921698093414, 0.05747278034687042, -0.040436092764139175, -0.03162367641925812, 0.00015803641872480512, -0.04125608503818512, -0.008911498822271824, -0.012293325737118721, 0.019125061109662056, -0.027488943189382553, 0.006737044546753168, -0.05588948726654053, -0.0004257391847204417, 0.03668183460831642, -0.04414613917469978, -0.02698638290166855, 0.025997567921876907, 0.008826902136206627, 0.024636324495077133, -0.02982618473470211, 0.013533761724829674, 0.02280391752719879, 0.04498136788606644, 0.04994087666273117, -0.029810385778546333, -0.03793436288833618, 0.0015498712891712785, -0.00888113584369421, 0.038254186511039734, 0.03850098326802254, 0.01874813623726368, 0.017931856215000153, -0.01229867897927761, -0.04309481009840965, 0.04246306046843529, 0.02396312542259693, 0.00725594675168395, 0.039697300642728806, -0.04954736679792404, 0.05411268025636673, 0.03557145223021507, 0.08464665710926056, -0.021325834095478058, -0.012869380414485931, -0.0270541999489069, 0.04568727687001228, 0.003995096310973167, -0.008541947230696678, -0.04171619564294815, 0.0208352729678154, 0.012908780947327614, 0.009767323732376099, -0.06524979323148727, 0.04679028317332268, -0.016057221218943596, -0.04229016974568367, 0.02584143541753292, 0.04857545346021652, -0.05129636451601982, 0.025971470400691032, -0.03241393715143204, -0.0292315986007452, -0.005609297659248114, -0.004495719447731972, -0.046520449221134186, -0.025913843885064125, 0.013421487994492054, 0.0038102404214441776, 0.08634437620639801, -0.05803071707487106, 0.022760959342122078, 0.022815775126218796, -0.004969292785972357, -0.02009822055697441, -0.028085598722100258, 0.04473678395152092, -0.05748117342591286, -0.07293065637350082, -0.039409853518009186, 0.01087140291929245, -0.07391101866960526, -0.030405811965465546, 0.005358001217246056, -0.03676457703113556, -0.013629340566694736, 0.007914490066468716, -0.0638691857457161, -0.011570028960704803, 0.04098450765013695, -0.022998947650194168, -0.04183182120323181, -0.021762913092970848, 0.008116004057228565, 0.012884242460131645, 0.06380964070558548, 0.01128971204161644, -0.021843422204256058, -0.006913510616868734, -0.06603959947824478, 0.00689342524856329, -0.002331983530893922, -0.01614258624613285, -0.009955348446965218, 0.050016067922115326, -0.009005478583276272, 0.008897446095943451, 0.03540714457631111, 0.025554470717906952, -0.01064805407077074, 0.0037663185503333807, -0.0886794924736023, -0.020674560219049454, -0.0359203927218914, 0.02553699165582657, -0.04038894921541214, -0.04131556302309036, 0.015144677832722664, 0.016564128920435905, 0.03375627100467682, 0.005872734822332859, 0.0037351413629949093, -0.009283737279474735, 0.02111550234258175, 0.0584426075220108, 0.049621161073446274, -0.003737527411431074, -0.02795572765171528, 0.06981723755598068, 0.023918895050883293, 0.01759812980890274, 0.008918442763388157, 0.0289632435888052, -0.039851509034633636, -0.04406619071960449, -0.022744901478290558, -0.05852636322379112, 0.0038465610705316067, -0.009925776161253452, -0.0269501693546772, -0.011842120438814163, 0.04537387937307358, -0.04488445073366165, -0.036526650190353394, 0.04145195707678795, -0.01671587862074375, -0.10808736830949783, -0.07736034691333771, -0.0010978413047268987, -0.03418594226241112, -0.044731054455041885, -0.003773037577047944, -0.03277700021862984, -0.04966922104358673, -0.004344369750469923, -0.019091280177235603, -0.04769020155072212, -0.021916434168815613, 0.010239262133836746, 0.024376560002565384, 0.014845818281173706, -0.008293169550597668, -0.03147469833493233, -0.015128389932215214, 0.009396090172231197, -0.0051286183297634125, 0.036821093410253525, -0.009297686628997326, 0.0333460308611393, -0.010052460245788097, -0.012415549717843533, 0.009807738475501537, 0.030559975653886795, -0.038015216588974, 0.03252817690372467, 0.042456623166799545, -0.06040873005986214, 0.008075926452875137, 0.06905414164066315, -0.009248770773410797, 0.045148927718400955, -0.01883017271757126, -0.06437017768621445, -0.02005830407142639, -0.03491663932800293, 0.012875145301222801, -0.05009977146983147, 0.012279883958399296, -0.04019010066986084, -0.015843790024518967, -0.0649583712220192, 0.020680004730820656, -0.00810729805380106, 0.05525725707411766, -0.0013036810560151935, -0.01252407394349575, -0.03125426545739174, -0.012108268216252327 ]
<p>$$E_{\mathrm{ms}} = \frac{1}{2}\mu_0 \int_V \mathbf{M} \cdot \mathbf{H}_{\mathrm{ms}} d^3 r$$</p> <p>I can't understand this formula, what is the magnetostatic stored potential energy?! What does it show? Does it explain anything relative to magnetization?</p>
g4589
[ 0.027369629591703415, 0.05749546363949776, -0.04089046269655228, -0.04147617891430855, -0.013749003410339355, 0.03563889488577843, 0.01146033313125372, 0.04741028696298599, -0.031391795724630356, 0.0006337345694191754, -0.05143297091126442, 0.050510287284851074, -0.0013999927323311567, -0.022451993077993393, -0.03385690227150917, 0.05768303945660591, 0.03416185453534126, 0.03823385760188103, -0.018245354294776917, -0.027559563517570496, -0.009887468069791794, -0.006185262463986874, -0.03634221851825714, -0.04301981255412102, 0.11070220917463303, 0.026085851714015007, 0.009193322621285915, 0.03119112364947796, -0.037271227687597275, -0.011102315038442612, 0.0016145919216796756, 0.0423080176115036, 0.0713876262307167, -0.010698188096284866, -0.042013682425022125, 0.01972971297800541, 0.02969694882631302, 0.04367109760642052, 0.03978154808282852, -0.04453466832637787, -0.013101283460855484, -0.04583439230918884, 0.08314710855484009, 0.0073676020838320255, -0.03402257338166237, 0.009570603258907795, -0.03934366628527641, -0.04404149949550629, -0.05164499208331108, 0.011185267940163612, 0.0028307719621807337, 0.030849620699882507, 0.1315539926290512, -0.009459993802011013, 0.024849824607372284, -0.019146982580423355, 0.015952549874782562, -0.03037341497838497, 0.014519535936415195, 0.040714114904403687, 0.03322372958064079, -0.03112298808991909, -0.02382221259176731, 0.03522401675581932, 0.015072938054800034, -0.016017869114875793, -0.022878430783748627, -0.033189889043569565, -0.006055890582501888, 0.002560953376814723, -0.025883303955197334, -0.02970944344997406, -0.02783992886543274, -0.03798187896609306, -0.02910691127181053, 0.008847620338201523, 0.04715757817029953, -0.0012495191767811775, 0.011129296384751797, -0.0033209214452654123, 0.01676924340426922, 0.002894763369113207, 0.01324167288839817, 0.02091825194656849, 0.024675153195858, -0.017594680190086365, 0.005752702243626118, 0.06316976994276047, -0.038486309349536896, 0.035115208476781845, -0.01874440908432007, -0.044589437544345856, -0.00312054599635303, -0.008934448473155499, 0.024774691089987755, 0.018274154514074326, 0.07390601933002472, -0.009558272548019886, -0.0656018927693367, -0.017206287011504173, 0.009942109696567059, -0.06845171749591827, -0.0024140882305800915, 0.01399826817214489, 0.03347567468881607, 0.033946845680475235, 0.005267775151878595, -0.03174759820103645, 0.03146592155098915, -0.0018069162033498287, -0.03290027007460594, -0.0072913989424705505, -0.054293349385261536, 0.003704025875777006, -0.060828354209661484, 0.02749478444457054, 0.026633111760020256, -0.027794871479272842, -0.038320500403642654, 0.02702934667468071, 0.07552053034305573, 0.06348329037427902, 0.001897888956591487, 0.06483300030231476, -0.036625541746616364, 0.028196999803185463, -0.01861305721104145, 0.03205082565546036, 0.03147468343377113, -0.018748875707387924, 0.013489020988345146, -0.014944183640182018, 0.01774720661342144, -0.025867441669106483, 0.016214363276958466, 0.020782243460416794, -0.01756197214126587, 0.03622792661190033, -0.015271234326064587, 0.04847455024719238, -0.013384896330535412, -0.05880022421479225, 0.00129206373821944, -0.05464613810181618, -0.06727462261915207, 0.06406260281801224, -0.014895551837980747, -0.024810677394270897, 0.03710184246301651, 0.008607986383140087, 0.00402611680328846, 0.06660576909780502, -0.022955507040023804, -0.04476398602128029, 0.05669284984469414, -0.03166121989488602, 0.010788359679281712, -0.05900944396853447, -0.021232448518276215, 0.07809936255216599, 0.07095471024513245, 0.02408708445727825, 0.007642828859388828, 0.028705772012472153, -0.03884950280189514, -0.0049600969068706036, 0.07025966793298721, -0.02013925462961197, -0.01208839938044548, -0.03131168335676193, -0.03014044091105461, 0.05781729519367218, 0.03188423812389374, 0.03013763576745987, -0.02037891373038292, 0.009465102106332779, -0.031084606423974037, -0.04519174247980118, 0.04576454684138298, 0.044017430394887924, 0.07040204852819443, 0.05870708078145981, 0.061436161398887634, -0.009878582321107388, -0.026957526803016663, -0.0050176396034657955, 0.0036876718513667583, 0.04730425775051117, -0.028531119227409363, 0.006269713863730431, -0.005551210138946772, 0.06480583548545837, 0.023340456187725067, 0.027954906225204468, 0.02378004603087902, 0.008237900212407112, -0.004785626661032438, -0.013233639299869537, -0.040746625512838364, -0.006053187418729067, -0.0434175468981266, 0.00016808515647426248, 0.04948242008686066, -0.013298844918608665, -0.014689769595861435, -0.013621417805552483, 0.09777790307998657, 0.00873544905334711, 0.025425786152482033, 0.02848447859287262, -0.015606561675667763, -0.014858213253319263, -0.03899480402469635, -0.013395083136856556, -0.010847428813576698, -0.03405824303627014, 0.021496668457984924, 0.01980515755712986, -0.033409666270017624, 0.03541948273777962, -0.023541079834103584, -0.037001948803663254, 0.03966037556529045, -0.0030210651457309723, -0.08884105086326599, 0.021238844841718674, -0.05189887434244156, -0.002894028089940548, 0.0028912483248859644, 0.009623830206692219, -0.02358662523329258, 0.05069173127412796, 0.0012389032635837793, 0.02823999710381031, -0.028955746442079544, 0.030409380793571472, -0.042567841708660126, -0.037252046167850494, 0.001615085988305509, 0.029597941786050797, -0.0007215614896267653, 0.025503650307655334, 0.037519995123147964, 0.011299379169940948, 0.026340076699852943, 0.016938986256718636, 0.08420521765947342, 0.051389824599027634, 0.01352422870695591, 0.04286220297217369, 0.03159848973155022, -0.020489761605858803, 0.015113476663827896, 0.00670026196166873, 0.0007150184828788042, -0.03299177065491676, -0.05705951526761055, -0.015931257978081703, -0.09212314337491989, -0.026644522324204445, -0.002547099022194743, -0.0076776957139372826, 0.016866400837898254, -0.03796250373125076, -0.024154191836714745, -0.025506895035505295, -0.04473487660288811, 0.021263545379042625, 0.02788928709924221, -0.05351876839995384, 0.006489268504083157, 0.05530046299099922, -0.003055398818105459, 0.06005222350358963, -0.01742430403828621, -0.04770567640662193, 0.07244853675365448, -0.02640371024608612, 0.05196531489491463, -0.07450131326913834, -0.08485334366559982, -0.009225089102983475, -0.011694779619574547, -0.008575194515287876, -0.036044858396053314, -0.05764996260404587, -0.00026165659073740244, -0.0021238112822175026, -0.04061682149767876, 0.009963837452232838, -0.031075024977326393, -0.018747737631201744, 0.025989586487412453, 0.0024963829200714827, -0.028431354090571404, -0.03498293459415436, 0.06077071651816368, -0.012694532051682472, -0.015326949767768383, 0.06790348142385483, 0.03308122977614403, 0.009141037240624428, -0.027561038732528687, -0.02237810008227825, -0.013985127210617065, 0.0067258961498737335, 0.01320877205580473, -0.04871577024459839, 0.018740620464086533, 0.009102901443839073, -0.003068513935431838, 0.05916042998433113, 0.005426952149719, -0.05351725220680237, -0.04384232684969902, 0.02299543283879757, -0.0071843587793409824, -0.040761880576610565, 0.016180796548724174, -0.07753538340330124, -0.013691348023712635, -0.0429881289601326, 0.017822761088609695, -0.04977944493293762, 0.04716503620147705, -0.000023603333829669282, -0.04097018763422966, -0.007044767029583454, -0.021639376878738403, 0.03587361425161362, 0.00892945472151041, 0.0448397658765316, -0.016592146828770638, -0.017692560330033302, -0.02278265543282032, -0.026141034439206123, -0.04403115063905716, 0.01267686951905489, 0.00885176844894886, -0.029896391555666924, -0.0012028607307001948, -0.009131829254329205, -0.06393419206142426, 0.01409245003014803, 0.03132981061935425, 0.022043248638510704, -0.0032216727267950773, -0.004569814074784517, 0.05460478365421295, 0.007233354263007641, -0.07124108076095581, -0.015392467379570007, 0.02622256614267826, -0.018179934471845627, -0.008416779339313507, -0.02334844321012497, 0.0010965483961626887, -0.02076124958693981, 0.009941287338733673, 0.06313300877809525, -0.012524140067398548, -0.014397998340427876, 0.014963032677769661, -0.01733856089413166, -0.027476370334625244, 0.009737065061926842, -0.027940642088651657, -0.023523148149251938, 0.010037696920335293, -0.034736268222332, -0.00013067804684396833, -0.024109695106744766, -0.009381826035678387, 0.024725312367081642, 0.034108735620975494, -0.0778077244758606, -0.0613357275724411, -0.05297761783003807, -0.032702237367630005, 0.01548224501311779, 0.039466142654418945, -0.017757171764969826, 0.004495795350521803, 0.009780590422451496, -0.012955679558217525, -0.032517168670892715, -0.01701190322637558, 0.07356885075569153, 0.03878339007496834, -0.04592052102088928, 0.00682022562250495, 0.02163505367934704, -0.018867185339331627, 0.04209046810865402, 0.0417911559343338, -0.0011206691851839423, 0.003609181148931384, 0.01766301319003105, 0.01899167150259018, -0.011287768371403217, 0.008935142308473587, 0.020006276667118073, -0.013989325612783432, -0.06725908070802689, 0.0032033994793891907, 0.005769066046923399, 0.04882911592721939, -0.03156033158302307, 0.07624545693397522, -0.06253072619438171, -0.014730806462466717, -0.03380194678902626, 0.02792663499712944, -0.023206006735563278, 0.008597094565629959, -0.002930600196123123, 0.02980561926960945, -0.035423628985881805, -0.006575588136911392, -0.04847896471619606, 0.03743293508887291, -0.0167810320854187, 0.03568277135491371, -0.03221799433231354, -0.00670162308961153, 0.02070470340549946, 0.10060204565525055, 0.00047918420750647783, -0.025262951850891113, -0.003963348921388388, 0.03464013710618019, 0.0453074611723423, -0.03249946981668472, 0.01133769378066063, -0.06686191260814667, 0.04474712163209915, -0.019332164898514748, -0.029577791690826416, -0.04907774180173874, 0.05684754624962807, 0.054888926446437836, 0.009632565081119537, 0.03592321649193764, 0.025749219581484795, -0.039296019822359085, 0.03808117285370827, -0.020404186099767685, -0.027413973584771156, -0.0098361074924469, -0.04256084933876991, 0.01013981830328703, -0.0351325199007988, 0.009634047746658325, -0.012331396341323853, 0.04702203348278999, 0.008672517724335194, -0.006440487690269947, -0.01161352638155222, 0.06093508377671242, 0.053645044565200806, -0.04646711051464081, 0.0174969881772995, -0.05271121859550476, 0.006851624697446823, 0.030774984508752823, -0.0093863969668746, 0.009585690684616566, -0.011525312438607216, 0.00916407909244299, 0.049210138618946075, 0.07172806560993195, -0.0009645344689488411, -0.006934059783816338, -0.04905274137854576, 0.10368777066469193, 0.01729506254196167, 0.030952606350183487, -0.03442967310547829, 0.013296352699398994, -0.030480023473501205, 0.005638390313833952, 0.05905236303806305, 0.006208151113241911, 0.043725594878196716, 0.03283890709280968, 0.011313808150589466, -0.010786331258714199, 0.028001580387353897, -0.04921767860651016, -0.02207663096487522, -0.012078219093382359, 0.05985981971025467, 0.042904533445835114, -0.06535471975803375, 0.02024717628955841, 0.03581438213586807, -0.020596174523234367, -0.0024803478736430407, -0.06854134052991867, -0.06221538037061691, 0.02014857344329357, -0.034802187234163284, -0.05018272623419762, 0.03304153308272362, 0.007038989569991827, 0.028156766667962074, 0.06966955214738846, -0.035986073315143585, 0.04457995295524597, 0.012171000242233276, -0.05315389856696129, 0.006375535391271114, 0.03297022730112076, 0.024825498461723328, 0.038850799202919006, -0.03664752095937729, -0.029910987243056297, 0.008908907882869244, 0.015756789594888687, -0.04617695510387421, 0.003957994747906923, 0.06557609140872955, 0.04777543619275093, -0.053916044533252716, 0.018672075122594833, 0.012761457823216915, -0.01622808165848255, -0.07531744241714478, 0.02885291539132595, 0.055009324103593826, -0.029268385842442513, -0.016414770856499672, 0.023248914629220963, -0.011706260032951832, 0.02347184345126152, 0.012318674474954605, -0.017413336783647537, -0.030012907460331917, 0.05154399201273918, 0.022391000762581825, -0.009519971907138824, -0.06445309519767761, -0.01933690346777439, 0.06811127066612244, -0.0586162768304348, 0.02861303836107254, -0.041810765862464905, -0.04524800553917885, 0.04245365038514137, -0.012095672078430653, -0.007220790255814791, -0.018357116729021072, 0.006451180204749107, -0.032945990562438965, 0.021427465602755547, 0.023634331300854683, 0.05640455707907677, -0.010320629924535751, -0.026306908577680588, -0.04528702422976494, 0.006117943674325943, 0.03102531097829342, -0.01808829791843891, 0.043338432908058167, -0.011071338318288326, -0.025728028267621994, 0.02697352133691311, 0.020868761464953423, 0.03583977371454239, -0.0112302266061306, 0.019657649099826813, 0.0498465932905674, 0.016782358288764954, 0.025391779839992523, -0.014116646721959114, 0.02169964835047722, -0.0021154540590941906, -0.00607101246714592, -0.03310093656182289, -0.07053745537996292, 0.002772769657894969, 0.015354274772107601, 0.05973730608820915, 0.008323479443788528, -0.002153930487111211, 0.013733812607824802, -0.030945681035518646, -0.03529542312026024, 0.04539705440402031, 0.01366058737039566, -0.004685351625084877, 0.041675351560115814, 0.007901511155068874, -0.01959345117211342, 0.008536816574633121, -0.009784857742488384, -0.006276783533394337, 0.01263716071844101, 0.03490189090371132, -0.01345440186560154, 0.004201381467282772, 0.04420469328761101, -0.016849573701620102, -0.044868193566799164, 0.009715915657579899, -0.0004553864127956331, 0.0034030110109597445, -0.0625896081328392, -0.13158558309078217, 0.004670752678066492, 0.014981447719037533, 0.021318208426237106, -0.041067831218242645, 0.0071087367832660675, 0.02915240451693535, 0.04249837249517441, 0.005683109164237976, 0.06206735968589783, -0.012772800400853157, 0.016452498733997345, -0.055424246937036514, -0.03294910117983818, 0.03501272201538086, -0.05779870226979256, 0.06941848993301392, 0.0051940311677753925, -0.008288231678307056, -0.021454153582453728, 0.003659808775410056, -0.04412369802594185, 0.006023884750902653, 0.013395311310887337, -0.02101913094520569, 0.04245594143867493, 0.011693382635712624, -0.019620133563876152, -0.0017141117714345455, -0.0004706669133156538, 0.021484021097421646, 0.03967883437871933, -0.06217740476131439, 0.025671660900115967, 0.0062376633286476135, -0.019137272611260414, -0.045184534043073654, -0.01903088390827179, 0.008106052875518799, 0.024767979979515076, -0.0138257946819067, -0.008334660902619362, 0.029632680118083954, -0.0030430727638304234, 0.016417840495705605, 0.02173578552901745, -0.02154194936156273, -0.025731194764375687, 0.011173042468726635, 0.007319370750337839, 0.04579762741923332, -0.053496330976486206, -0.013734955340623856, 0.010913344100117683, -0.023825477808713913, 0.01817917451262474, 0.04082856327295303, 0.012983224354684353, 0.014545846730470657, -0.06294446438550949, 0.006788716651499271, -0.09940141439437866, 0.00720185274258256, -0.002206140197813511, 0.0033740110229700804, 0.021844984963536263, -0.02045285701751709, 0.03893366828560829, 0.02083437703549862, -0.039569441229104996, -0.013124589808285236, -0.01068482268601656, -0.03316840901970863, 0.008384080603718758, 0.003549478715285659, -0.055831123143434525, -0.02729976736009121, 0.058967676013708115, -0.09773630648851395, -0.025137074291706085, 0.026992665603756905, 0.08393402397632599, 0.03882770985364914, -0.02623090147972107, 0.06227526068687439, 0.025807689875364304, -0.01040205080062151, -0.0029917049687355757, 0.017908157780766487, -0.012051677331328392, 0.057901933789253235, -0.00045871787006035447, 0.026097869500517845, -0.051428936421871185, 0.022981401532888412, 0.0013653342612087727, -0.011622264049947262, -0.023738419637084007, -0.026749886572360992, 0.024833519011735916, -0.08726109564304352, 0.016213752329349518, 0.02801085077226162, -0.059916313737630844, 0.02561301179230213, -0.04225901886820793, 0.0050454167649149895, 0.028215324506163597, -0.03177497908473015, 0.0563611201941967, -0.029828092083334923, -0.009238033555448055, 0.004078129306435585, 0.03411496803164482, -0.017945563420653343, -0.05125634744763374, -0.033038847148418427, -0.009295180439949036, -0.03197820112109184, 0.000630982976872474, 0.03710062801837921, 0.02968847006559372, -0.04595756530761719, 0.021236583590507507, -0.0035992241464555264, -0.03249543160200119, -0.03678673133254051, 0.0032073776237666607, 0.010558618232607841, -0.008478944189846516, 0.01706630364060402, 0.019001081585884094, 0.0004441026831045747, -0.08132758736610413, -0.005982864648103714, -0.05744205042719841, -0.019654836505651474, -0.013224977999925613, -0.11628704518079758, -0.0039442372508347034, 0.07823582738637924, -0.0613442026078701, 0.04171997681260109, -0.09060601145029068, -0.056221842765808105, 0.009440900757908821, 0.07132644951343536, -0.02319042757153511, 0.02732684463262558, 0.03226905316114426, 0.04136938229203224, 0.0014390804572030902, -0.01754559390246868, -0.005379235837608576, -0.08166324347257614, 0.024416543543338776, 0.010074693709611893, -0.015139812603592873, 0.005184204783290625, 0.05873742327094078 ]
<p>I try to understand constructing of Hamiltonian mechanics with constraints. I decided to start with the simple case: free relativistic particle. I've constructed hamiltonian with constraint:</p> <p>$$S=-m\int d\tau \sqrt{\dot x_{\nu}\dot x^{\nu}}$$</p> <p>$\phi=p_{\mu}p^{\mu}-m^2=0$ $-$ <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_class_constraint" rel="nofollow">first class constraint</a>.</p> <p>Then $$H=H_{0}+\lambda \phi=\lambda \phi.$$ </p> <p><strong>So, I want to show that I can obtain from this Hamiltonian the same equation of motion, as obtained from Lagrangian.</strong></p> <p>But the problem is that I'm not sure what to do with $\lambda=\lambda(q,p)$. I tried the following thing:</p> <p>$\dot x_{\mu}=\{x_{\mu},\lambda \phi\}=\{x_{\mu},\lambda p^2\}-m^2\{x_{\mu},\lambda\}=\lambda\{x_{\mu},p^2\}+p^2\{x_{\mu},\lambda\}-m^2\{x_{\mu},\lambda\}=2\lambda \eta_{\mu b} p^b+p^2\{x_{\mu},\lambda\}-m^2\{x_{\mu},\lambda\}=2\lambda \eta_{\mu b} p^b+p^2\frac{\partial \lambda}{\partial p^{\mu}}-m^2\frac{\partial \lambda}{\partial p^{\mu}}$</p> <p>$\dot \lambda=\{\lambda, \lambda \phi \}=\{\lambda,\lambda p^2\}-m^2\{\lambda,\lambda\}=\lambda\{\lambda,p^2\}+p^2\{\lambda,p^2\}=2\lambda\eta_{ak}p^{a}\frac{\partial \lambda}{\partial x^{k}}$</p> <p>$\dot p_{\mu}=\{p_{\mu},\lambda p^{2}-m^2\lambda \}=p^{2}\{p_{\mu},\lambda\}-m^2\{p_{\mu},\lambda\}=-p^{2}\frac{\partial \lambda}{\partial x^{\mu}}+m^2\frac{\partial \lambda}{\partial x^{\mu}}$</p> <p>If we recall that $p^2-m^2=0$, then we get from the third equation: $\dot p=0$, and from the first: $\dot x_{\mu}=2\lambda\eta_{ak}p^{a}$.</p> <p>So we have </p> <p>1) $\dot x_{\mu}=2\lambda\eta_{\mu b}p^{b}$</p> <p>2) $\dot \lambda=2\lambda\eta_{ak}p^{a}\frac{\partial \lambda}{\partial x^{k}}$</p> <p>3) $\dot p=0$</p> <p><em>But I dont know what to do next.</em> Can you help me?</p>
g4590
[ 0.04163326695561409, 0.009192011319100857, 0.0008696134318597615, -0.034487035125494, 0.01535838283598423, -0.030394164845347404, 0.024873623624444008, -0.039129167795181274, -0.025842202827334404, -0.0013618964003399014, -0.03609900921583176, 0.03701598942279816, 0.01522227842360735, 0.009939175099134445, 0.001083551556803286, 0.06584949046373367, 0.050294723361730576, -0.0077527789399027824, 0.0012541892938315868, 0.027347858995199203, 0.01460222713649273, 0.010927467606961727, 0.034250304102897644, -0.03382769972085953, 0.03405231237411499, 0.011476773768663406, 0.035312071442604065, -0.04017987102270126, -0.04169037193059921, 0.007623503915965557, -0.019132621586322784, -0.011707896366715431, 0.07777819037437439, -0.04353302717208862, 0.00015308690490201116, 0.0171078871935606, 0.08189790695905685, -0.01634116657078266, 0.014977093786001205, 0.005115203093737364, -0.002569886390119791, -0.03280838578939438, 0.003201524494215846, -0.0017702513141557574, -0.02205105870962143, -0.03477979823946953, 0.0002072149800369516, -0.00929796602576971, -0.031790316104888916, 0.04046206921339035, 0.041890501976013184, 0.04363524541258812, 0.008998564444482327, -0.08471526205539703, -0.03677913919091225, 0.034922610968351364, 0.023229334503412247, -0.030422091484069824, 0.025407718494534492, 0.007024016231298447, -0.0027507483027875423, 0.011384805664420128, 0.01714642532169819, -0.002849305747076869, 0.022213919088244438, 0.020762143656611443, -0.033089105039834976, -0.017742592841386795, -0.04649527743458748, 0.04980185627937317, -0.020219722762703896, -0.06127118691802025, 0.04352572560310364, -0.039082709699869156, 0.009541929699480534, -0.004776469431817532, -0.01767175830900669, 0.023211563006043434, 0.041426416486501694, -0.00645465450361371, -0.014850021339952946, -0.04690468683838844, 0.0329570434987545, 0.004379452671855688, 0.04093444347381592, -0.015055698342621326, -0.023360496386885643, -0.019259534776210785, -0.00554946344345808, 0.0005485367146320641, 0.019254857674241066, -0.003293488407507539, 0.024720769375562668, -0.009232224896550179, 0.037654679268598557, -0.01159656047821045, -0.02349773421883583, 0.04178816080093384, 0.013648890890181065, 0.01210888009518385, -0.031611938029527664, 0.009856277145445347, 0.024028794839978218, -0.033754780888557434, -0.0002388424618402496, -0.02226921357214451, 0.007090664003044367, 0.06690685451030731, 0.036859072744846344, -0.017855243757367134, 0.01271909661591053, 0.03704648092389107, 0.035671256482601166, -0.028833070769906044, -0.05934229865670204, -0.03718327358365059, 0.05482897162437439, -0.0018537717405706644, 0.024934416636824608, 0.06905046850442886, -0.030093489214777946, 0.0009738815715536475, 0.052155524492263794, 0.09011686593294144, 0.0057050921022892, -0.035213351249694824, 0.006997556425631046, 0.010261047631502151, -0.007459803018718958, -0.004736004862934351, 0.02152080275118351, -0.027987156063318253, -0.018087726086378098, 0.03680137172341347, 0.018871158361434937, 0.03899966552853584, -0.014187505468726158, -0.00567623833194375, 0.0056109800934791565, 0.009049181826412678, -0.008587256073951721, 0.03242893144488335, 0.008828616701066494, -0.013038640841841698, -0.03735167905688286, 0.019867638126015663, 0.06644181162118912, -0.03199297934770584, -0.0033299310598522425, 0.03395513445138931, -0.03383590281009674, 0.04334220290184021, -0.002324275206774473, 0.07505802810192108, 0.024051722139120102, -0.030616501346230507, 0.05875005945563316, -0.016692955046892166, -0.0023044694680720568, -0.05492968112230301, 0.06419292092323303, 0.0024206996895372868, 0.05855312570929527, -0.011327830143272877, -0.017169293016195297, 0.0983612909913063, 0.0006093299016356468, -0.016911281272768974, -0.00691599166020751, -0.055293355137109756, -0.02966969832777977, -0.028587419539690018, 0.000007313544756470947, 0.06545379757881165, 0.00019825443450827152, 0.029660765081644058, -0.015589766204357147, 0.007096807938069105, 0.022208161652088165, -0.024099374189972878, 0.016367845237255096, -0.044662732630968094, 0.026393037289381027, 0.02603699080646038, -0.05189966410398483, 0.030048010870814323, 0.012321566231548786, 0.08712947368621826, -0.053902316838502884, -0.005718795116990805, -0.042400576174259186, 0.012658492662012577, 0.04927447438240051, 0.0273741502314806, -0.029218219220638275, 0.033180125057697296, 0.01847807690501213, -0.06800118088722229, 0.03996874764561653, 0.014265894889831543, -0.025852859020233154, 0.057669855654239655, 0.02876405045390129, -0.002183994511142373, 0.03393479809165001, -0.04117807745933533, -0.008467295207083225, 0.024736247956752777, 0.03136935457587242, 0.05383036285638809, 0.055525537580251694, -0.04205385968089104, -0.018841801211237907, 0.009547976776957512, -0.023747360333800316, -0.05729253590106964, 0.040556684136390686, -0.01922025717794895, -0.0124208377674222, 0.04054956138134003, 0.00222865235991776, -0.040158264338970184, 0.027422534301877022, -0.05413536727428436, -0.007063057739287615, 0.0120787862688303, -0.018937626853585243, 0.012992453761398792, -0.003230141242966056, 0.008957487531006336, -0.02041461504995823, -0.013855964876711369, -0.013743053190410137, -0.0000022150281893118517, 0.07386043667793274, 0.0063977618701756, -0.03407154604792595, 0.023337343707680702, -0.006926813628524542, 0.02922709658741951, -0.038163553923368454, 0.050283826887607574, -0.0027316559571772814, -0.04577019438147545, 0.04868825525045395, -0.04139278456568718, 0.022104401141405106, 0.04809702932834625, -0.0009266347042284906, 0.027494503185153008, 0.04049690067768097, -0.027703871950507164, -0.015737952664494514, -0.06845008581876755, 0.010058213956654072, -0.0458456389605999, 0.06759674847126007, 0.08421684056520462, -0.005116389133036137, -0.05473809689283371, 0.025012491270899773, 0.008732112124562263, -0.02858552150428295, 0.08248122036457062, -0.0019210897153243423, 0.0037268390879034996, -0.026258554309606552, -0.014813940972089767, 0.009431394748389721, -0.031580615788698196, -0.041242800652980804, 0.06937681138515472, -0.012544864788651466, 0.04167624190449715, 0.0043650902807712555, -0.030214430764317513, 0.019726861268281937, -0.04780902713537216, 0.00899975560605526, -0.015311598777770996, 0.0003610617422964424, 0.026556815952062607, 0.0014732907293364406, 0.015568279661238194, 0.02378612756729126, -0.09200452268123627, 0.0031789594795554876, -0.02568848617374897, 0.0009909385116770864, 0.0034236807841807604, 0.07094990462064743, 0.0602128691971302, -0.023259779438376427, 0.0013104805257171392, -0.05795241892337799, -0.00023130061163101345, -0.01918751932680607, -0.027364926412701607, 0.009132723324000835, 0.0035558254458010197, -0.010652915574610233, 0.010845966637134552, -0.014669661410152912, 0.05017491802573204, 0.014602473005652428, -0.010556264780461788, 0.010523702017962933, -0.01825294829905033, 0.02015850506722927, -0.010355621576309204, 0.00629677576944232, 0.014419536106288433, 0.07662064582109451, -0.04426827281713486, -0.014376983977854252, -0.014527645893394947, -0.049327552318573, -0.049005672335624695, 0.03050149418413639, -0.042668286710977554, -0.01086454838514328, -0.1136183887720108, 0.00359858269803226, 0.011715847067534924, 0.039551880210638046, 0.006010494660586119, -0.023153996095061302, -0.03694400191307068, -0.07312031835317612, -0.04409560561180115, -0.00443112850189209, 0.026195330545306206, 0.03186172991991043, 0.0054230596870183945, -0.007131947670131922, -0.027144666761159897, -0.03816063702106476, -0.009247008711099625, 0.04117325320839882, -0.05943235754966736, 0.0049211508594453335, -0.0065443250350654125, -0.043827734887599945, 0.06732583791017532, -0.041638944298028946, -0.052898041903972626, 0.0014440747909247875, 0.0035152302589267492, 0.03406604751944542, -0.03353950381278992, -0.051422711461782455, 0.004199110437184572, 0.0414857380092144, 0.014508766122162342, -0.00557081401348114, 0.0023408408742398024, 0.018611624836921692, 0.007477188017219305, 0.06062038987874985, -0.007964085787534714, 0.009873817674815655, -0.06770743429660797, -0.05494815856218338, 0.043363094329833984, 0.02566533535718918, -0.02958250604569912, 0.035442054271698, -0.02693074941635132, 0.019367640838027, -0.06510072201490402, 0.08508933335542679, -0.005427738185971975, 0.02614068053662777, 0.015614522621035576, 0.018231097608804703, -0.009486012160778046, 0.029636291787028313, -0.012518143281340599, -0.015977604314684868, 0.0016240875702351332, 0.02953190915286541, 0.004028896801173687, -0.029910268262028694, 0.06541705131530762, 0.04901880398392677, 0.0109014343470335, 0.0058472310192883015, 0.026871366426348686, -0.018584249541163445, -0.014556001871824265, 0.003691901220008731, -0.045692045241594315, -0.029012829065322876, 0.013498658314347267, 0.011281877756118774, -0.02587772347033024, 0.08051850646734238, -0.01371805276721716, -0.040558844804763794, -0.004058229736983776, -0.09169872105121613, 0.005413831677287817, 0.02967008575797081, 0.014239436946809292, -0.04176532104611397, -0.07251044362783432, 0.00041003699880093336, -0.02035863697528839, 0.007646882440894842, -0.03900447487831116, -0.048465218394994736, -0.0667431652545929, 0.020180461928248405, -0.02456103451550007, -0.07248719781637192, -0.025184152647852898, 0.017533747479319572, -0.00810847245156765, -0.051130007952451706, -0.04623900726437569, -0.00871853344142437, 0.017718007788062096, 0.0893726721405983, -0.02175923064351082, 0.06350459903478622, 0.034211788326501846, 0.01745659112930298, -0.03351471945643425, -0.012707904912531376, -0.05357774347066879, -0.03261175379157066, -0.04275340959429741, 0.0017652385868132114, -0.021046312525868416, -0.05850747600197792, -0.00046102586202323437, -0.05166490003466606, 0.034582868218421936, -0.03358030319213867, 0.061411354690790176, 0.018926948308944702, 0.012005030177533627, 0.037055741995573044, -0.01206937525421381, -0.009633866138756275, 0.04046907275915146, -0.05292670428752899, -0.05526871606707573, -0.06792379170656204, -0.02730577252805233, 0.014478626661002636, 0.004813279025256634, 0.02262895368039608, 0.038618020713329315, -0.0254843607544899, -0.04236729443073273, -0.04173069819808006, 0.040761034935712814, 0.017317241057753563, 0.03870149329304695, -0.07454344630241394, -0.07099584490060806, 0.050188273191452026, 0.010891440324485302, 0.06460339576005936, -0.018723931163549423, -0.0812845453619957, 0.03976527228951454, -0.03723936527967453, -0.04178536310791969, 0.01784694753587246, 0.023804008960723877, 0.036175698041915894, -0.01560739241540432, -0.028491415083408356, 0.04925745725631714, -0.00898892804980278, -0.001385315554216504, 0.01319093257188797, -0.07952914386987686, 0.022364825010299683, -0.005780230276286602, -0.006766441278159618, 0.010419385507702827, 0.011418581940233707, 0.008110051043331623, -0.0055604600347578526, 0.0008162279846146703, -0.013085908256471157, -0.03494616225361824, -0.030796345323324203, 0.014582423493266106, -0.020030824467539787, 0.0605672150850296, 0.024767903611063957, 0.0011886287247762084, -0.04388326033949852, 0.008932105265557766, 0.04457031935453415, -0.00853188056498766, -0.07451819628477097, 0.019161827862262726, 0.028581814840435982, 0.03524959087371826, -0.006156580056995153, 0.04423123598098755, 0.04789983853697777, 0.02909415028989315, -0.00391329824924469, 0.022841935977339745, -0.008408109657466412, -0.055507443845272064, 0.011590033769607544, -0.011187541298568249, 0.0085629653185606, 0.07417444884777069, 0.03378360718488693, 0.04350590333342552, -0.0425911545753479, -0.04833643138408661, 0.07876985520124435, -0.02058909833431244, 0.04401069134473801, -0.04358179122209549, 0.02715456672012806, -0.027792638167738914, -0.034774065017700195, -0.029611069709062576, -0.005202907603234053, 0.05605350434780121, 0.013746516779065132, -0.024777943268418312, 0.033155687153339386, -0.027946820482611656, 0.007604723330587149, -0.001249610329978168, -0.024078108370304108, -0.029853085055947304, -0.018716663122177124, -0.008925379253923893, 0.019650401547551155, -0.08963228762149811, 0.028896747156977654, 0.020582877099514008, -0.04677940160036087, 0.010726713575422764, -0.02781016379594803, 0.0015639129560440779, 0.029630813747644424, -0.00002475595465512015, -0.052488215267658234, -0.03266467526555061, -0.06593666970729828, -0.04447097331285477, 0.004252237733453512, 0.028356477618217468, 0.01812027581036091, -0.023151041939854622, -0.002317614620551467, 0.0034411787055432796, 0.020092254504561424, -0.046467412263154984, -0.003080561524257064, -0.010729186236858368, -0.020855508744716644, 0.030886666849255562, 0.028946708887815475, -0.018933216109871864, 0.022755196318030357, 0.03850637748837471, -0.01399711612612009, 0.056797973811626434, 0.0011015066411346197, 0.02107533998787403, 0.03422088548541069, 0.03050297312438488, -0.0036674020811915398, 0.006812278646975756, -0.028675053268671036, 0.014504260383546352, -0.051202040165662766, 0.06960653513669968, 0.026208609342575073, -0.07946496456861496, -0.06728588044643402, 0.06034855172038078, 0.004277877509593964, -0.02002844400703907, 0.016353661194443703, 0.030542738735675812, 0.003854361828416586, 0.013968365266919136, -0.06533321738243103, -0.07504726946353912, 0.03252875432372093, 0.04529562592506409, 0.07586149871349335, -0.0759868323802948, -0.00790204107761383, 0.0511319637298584, 0.05604198947548866, -0.0023340382613241673, -0.018807940185070038, -0.02749563381075859, 0.005344714969396591, 0.03174671530723572, -0.032178740948438644, 0.010327802039682865, 0.010174433700740337, -0.008622328750789165, -0.020349282771348953, -0.007789149880409241, -0.02851463109254837, 0.03745928779244423, 0.025756314396858215, -0.019361888989806175, 0.02789563499391079, 0.0809021145105362, 0.018659526482224464, -0.005925766192376614, 0.02985650859773159, 0.010368041694164276, -0.07263286411762238, -0.0587238110601902, 0.006706325802952051, 0.017621595412492752, -0.025228487327694893, 0.02250504307448864, 0.023290682584047318, -0.013326632790267467, 0.05463181063532829, -0.009158613160252571, -0.014516646973788738, 0.0356760174036026, -0.0240449421107769, -0.0018615880981087685, -0.09575928002595901, 0.045660946518182755, 0.035972874611616135, 0.02653297409415245, 0.03363560512661934, -0.00297176418825984, 0.02300959825515747, -0.028845811262726784, -0.07660618424415588, 0.011517657898366451, 0.023384273052215576, -0.012863476760685444, -0.09642013162374496, 0.019386835396289825, 0.02132231742143631, 0.004039175808429718, -0.03526803106069565, 0.007924109697341919, 0.017686767503619194, -0.029259750619530678, 0.026186896488070488, -0.029807893559336662, -0.002009961288422346, 0.014706823974847794, -0.021555010229349136, -0.010675321333110332, 0.02461634762585163, -0.003659107256680727, 0.035750992596149445, 0.054745208472013474, -0.002484904835000634, 0.01645706221461296, 0.007633162662386894, -0.0002659214660525322, 0.013491244986653328, -0.04886946827173233, -0.043144285678863525, 0.026019902899861336, -0.035915225744247437, -0.00009402563591720536, 0.036349132657051086, 0.08009476959705353, -0.03200049325823784, -0.04135427623987198, -0.025519851595163345, 0.009413974359631538, -0.0333821102976799, -0.015811916440725327, -0.03142721951007843, -0.015985725447535515, -0.01634906232357025, -0.010602889582514763, 0.00046958684106357396, 0.061057332903146744, -0.011437393724918365, 0.040504954755306244, 0.00814678892493248, 0.0014888991136103868, -0.009395776316523552, 0.01085241325199604, 0.03938540071249008, 0.010592987760901451, 0.04579132795333862, 0.010447919368743896, -0.06839853525161743, -0.10608123987913132, -0.01807825267314911, 0.006905332673341036, -0.04739335924386978, 0.03154689446091652, -0.025348639115691185, -0.05547485500574112, -0.07236073166131973, 0.057524364441633224, -0.009458549320697784, -0.006399620324373245, -0.04296676442027092, -0.006491242442280054, 0.1133170947432518, 0.03091232106089592, -0.030372731387615204, 0.06572247296571732, 0.07088842242956161, -0.04891028255224228, -0.009273849427700043, -0.026758549734950066, -0.0315014123916626, -0.07387229055166245, 0.04586014896631241, -0.031176654621958733, -0.03664366155862808, -0.03305335342884064, -0.0034346855245530605, -0.017814304679632187, -0.018228765577077866, -0.045400116592645645, -0.030131343752145767, 0.05309302359819412, 0.016032366082072258, -0.020155539736151695, 0.0017152121290564537, -0.044150952249765396, 0.06341062486171722, 0.04464217275381088, -0.01882549375295639, -0.07605451345443726, -0.0530238039791584, -0.011373912915587425, 0.029344454407691956, -0.008759845048189163, -0.021684952080249786, 0.07742805033922195, 0.043704450130462646, -0.033323951065540314, 0.02403271198272705, 0.06064389646053314, -0.04142836853861809, 0.00033388356678187847, 0.016277821734547615, -0.06491632759571075, 0.0001010887062875554, 0.012958236038684845, 0.00956578180193901, -0.007116645108908415, -0.019393330439925194, 0.0035378988832235336, -0.0046764579601585865, 0.008760498836636543, 0.0056171598844230175, -0.036007415503263474, 0.026014138013124466, 0.04391981288790703 ]
<p>Let's have potential $$ U(r) = -U_{0}e^{-\frac{r}{a}}. $$ I need to find energy levels for particles moving in this field (for an arbitrary values of orbital number $l$). This task isn't exactly solvable, so I need some method which can help to find approximate energy levels.</p> <p>What to do?</p> <p>I reduced the Schrodinger equation to the form (with normalized $r \to \frac{r}{a}$ and $\Psi (r, \varphi , \theta ) = \kappa e^{-\beta r}r^{l}\kappa (r) Y_{lm}(\theta , \varphi )$) $$ r\kappa '' + \kappa {'}(2l + 2 - 2\beta r) + \kappa (\alpha^{2}r e^{-r} - 2\beta (l + 1)) = 0, $$ where $$ \alpha^{2} = \frac{2mU_{0}a^{2}}{\hbar^{2}}, \quad \beta^{2} = \frac{2m |E|a^{2}}{\hbar^{2}}. $$ It would be tempting to use the approximation $$ r \approx \frac{1 - e^{-r}}{e^{-r}}, $$ but $r e^{-r}$ didn't reduce to the normal form.</p> <p>The exact solution for $l = 0$ is existed.</p>
g4591
[ -0.01407611183822155, 0.008838871493935585, -0.015323047526180744, -0.018708260729908943, 0.04168788716197014, 0.007094060070812702, 0.00835536140948534, 0.0230027474462986, -0.038856301456689835, 0.0071349972859025, -0.005601873155683279, -0.015288658440113068, 0.005181003827601671, 0.05934159830212593, 0.0028774470556527376, -0.0028511283453553915, 0.05828734487295151, -0.02441689558327198, -0.039782244712114334, -0.011667733080685139, 0.00040891242679208517, 0.0010924863163381815, 0.05270153284072876, 0.04518882557749748, 0.04580802470445633, -0.021137135103344917, -0.011339678429067135, 0.04906199499964714, -0.03209923207759857, -0.03563055768609047, -0.02482347935438156, 0.035032518208026886, 0.060190021991729736, -0.038239311426877975, 0.01683999039232731, -0.009253841824829578, 0.07724366337060928, 0.07731205970048904, 0.012718992307782173, 0.000040845272451406345, -0.029890967532992363, -0.04535359516739845, 0.03178539127111435, 0.02742534875869751, 0.022839626297354698, 0.003709652926772833, 0.03048524633049965, 0.004682464525103569, 0.03592917323112488, 0.008524618111550808, 0.023032577708363533, 0.07193178683519363, 0.0295556727796793, 0.010706298984587193, 0.017740905284881592, -0.007299343124032021, -0.037027060985565186, -0.07553493976593018, 0.03866690397262573, 0.05868200957775116, 0.07009570300579071, -0.05288081243634224, -0.00611928990110755, -0.03409811854362488, -0.014178695157170296, 0.026138944551348686, -0.038705695420503616, -0.010978628881275654, -0.02848012000322342, -0.056216467171907425, 0.0037964140065014362, -0.01917070895433426, -0.06379242241382599, -0.01708427257835865, -0.08049339056015015, -0.0072801983915269375, -0.006751008331775665, -0.03028547391295433, 0.010198308154940605, -0.011914302594959736, -0.0395992286503315, -0.03138791769742966, 0.04094407707452774, 0.033551301807165146, 0.009902301244437695, 0.003420945256948471, -0.002496578497812152, 0.03046623431146145, 0.028854114934802055, -0.04686829075217247, -0.05056010186672211, -0.0446341335773468, 0.05103982612490654, -0.08673162013292313, 0.05454615131020546, -0.012458361685276031, 0.005777302663773298, 0.06888589262962341, -0.05258426442742348, -0.05187321826815605, -0.015546766109764576, -0.00406760023906827, 0.04559136927127838, -0.008276556618511677, 0.01524591725319624, -0.011243689805269241, 0.01740175671875477, -0.03573080524802208, 0.1069517433643341, 0.010439625009894371, -0.014475710690021515, -0.0053374022245407104, -0.011219941079616547, -0.05638714134693146, -0.020557783544063568, -0.009369206614792347, 0.02886374481022358, 0.038675639778375626, -0.030589928850531578, 0.013543893583118916, -0.004976082593202591, 0.019449688494205475, 0.001566737424582243, 0.03584950417280197, 0.0002788695855997503, 0.025234030559659004, -0.05578579753637314, -0.027557535097002983, -0.014132875017821789, -0.019830815494060516, 0.028818482533097267, -0.08157297968864441, 0.029635608196258545, 0.022097935900092125, -0.04935631528496742, 0.05552447587251663, -0.07933343201875687, 0.005646579433232546, 0.024668673053383827, -0.020715394988656044, -0.020330091938376427, -0.03087840974330902, 0.0010922159999608994, 0.022813908755779266, -0.06589065492153168, 0.02340083196759224, -0.017995744943618774, -0.023059675469994545, 0.05657327547669411, 0.03534013405442238, -0.03310713917016983, 0.0171055868268013, -0.009462135843932629, 0.00724382558837533, 0.030863983556628227, -0.04316446930170059, -0.029984155669808388, 0.018208127468824387, -0.05262003839015961, 0.04029499739408493, 0.05792095512151718, -0.02717416174709797, 0.024365287274122238, -0.018031803891062737, 0.0000752705818740651, 0.11668294668197632, -0.022563932463526726, -0.0046593123115599155, 0.009070473723113537, -0.045711539685726166, -0.02804742380976677, -0.017994273453950882, 0.03035467490553856, 0.01920662447810173, -0.061030659824609756, 0.0808229148387909, 0.0023722515907138586, -0.02537587471306324, -0.029566342011094093, 0.027751704677939415, 0.06269747018814087, -0.0580454021692276, 0.05962883308529854, -0.0024619423784315586, 0.027853677049279213, -0.04334690421819687, -0.021236542612314224, 0.060348883271217346, 0.03576893359422684, 0.0063223824836313725, 0.047988008707761765, -0.0068503255024552345, 0.032933346927165985, -0.027294501662254333, -0.01844685710966587, 0.04763457924127579, 0.040938008576631546, -0.08745390176773071, -0.02470330335199833, -0.018439993262290955, 0.003622119314968586, -0.01347782090306282, 0.009648535400629044, -0.02450708858668804, 0.0693499967455864, -0.01592813991010189, 0.04056452214717865, -0.005389319267123938, 0.01243370771408081, 0.00994971301406622, -0.04906154051423073, -0.04798225685954094, -0.026478176936507225, 0.037075430154800415, -0.0019795435946434736, -0.038508325815200806, 0.024912366643548012, 0.02836647443473339, -0.05190669372677803, 0.03209926187992096, -0.01631316728889942, 0.032219450920820236, 0.015455902554094791, 0.021504029631614685, 0.06213420629501343, -0.007930649444460869, -0.033442672342061996, 0.02232375182211399, -0.008539460599422455, 0.04137038439512253, -0.044398874044418335, 0.03932170569896698, -0.0348086953163147, -0.031740229576826096, 0.039606817066669464, 0.004315055441111326, -0.034644920378923416, -0.016877954825758934, 0.03905598446726799, -0.030133843421936035, 0.026421070098876953, 0.0033923645969480276, -0.01793135330080986, 0.00027403104468248785, 0.047572508454322815, 0.03029567375779152, 0.012099290266633034, 0.021240564063191414, -0.06951924413442612, 0.032543499022722244, 0.0005535303498618305, 0.014324557036161423, -0.03846147283911705, 0.028189534321427345, -0.01664767600595951, 0.011807626113295555, -0.019847096875309944, 0.05552847310900688, 0.050066303461790085, 0.014074618928134441, -0.053712837398052216, -0.033332426100969315, -0.012584269978106022, 0.01466179545968771, 0.051747895777225494, 0.003618220565840602, -0.01753827929496765, -0.002072682837024331, 0.03305734694004059, -0.008303438313305378, -0.005678957793861628, 0.03608650714159012, -0.02474105730652809, 0.03187400475144386, -0.005672123283147812, -0.0341082364320755, 0.028837064281105995, 0.031737376004457474, 0.03761492297053337, 0.0019094106974080205, 0.008169904351234436, -0.06932365894317627, 0.0324602834880352, 0.060664836317300797, -0.013275832869112492, -0.06783045828342438, 0.01566685363650322, 0.027431391179561615, -0.0025157176423817873, -0.016796836629509926, 0.01143021509051323, -0.01668825000524521, 0.025802353397011757, 0.022986551746726036, -0.007868435233831406, -0.002261218149214983, 0.057418111711740494, -0.033679794520139694, -0.006673240568488836, 0.09909941256046295, 0.02301955781877041, -0.0033059772104024887, -0.03950082138180733, -0.037526506930589676, -0.00951425638049841, -0.022658251225948334, -0.052973728626966476, -0.013796747662127018, -0.002936031436547637, 0.043416138738393784, -0.032193489372730255, -0.0005677014123648405, 0.01031527016311884, 0.0304863341152668, 0.007757641840726137, 0.015528146177530289, -0.001323145697824657, -0.007348330691456795, 0.01760816015303135, 0.0017947128508239985, 0.0027560635935515165, -0.03365135192871094, 0.04364905506372452, 0.00682778051123023, -0.029702838510274887, 0.07910674810409546, -0.03926388546824455, -0.012436737306416035, -0.06377808749675751, -0.040636833757162094, 0.048407409340143204, -0.0284015741199255, 0.05552256852388382, -0.018939606845378876, -0.07095570862293243, -0.0027433165814727545, -0.046007461845874786, 0.013014554977416992, 0.0033058668486773968, -0.00033422192791476846, -0.05155086889863014, 0.014632114209234715, -0.035607267171144485, 0.011395277455449104, 0.03416182100772858, -0.05196637660264969, -0.085729219019413, 0.002162907039746642, -0.015519869513809681, -0.035773370414972305, 0.004856412298977375, -0.024514051154255867, 0.024295749142766, 0.0030213743448257446, -0.026058189570903778, -0.032385360449552536, -0.0030989486258476973, 0.012450949288904667, 0.016609907150268555, 0.027132296934723854, -0.008102199994027615, -0.02276366576552391, 0.040732335299253464, 0.07294613122940063, 0.004291116259992123, -0.020725617185235023, -0.028419481590390205, -0.008686969988048077, 0.023936590179800987, -0.030608028173446655, 0.03395809978246689, -0.024022074416279793, 0.07246467471122742, 0.020899880677461624, -0.028107479214668274, -0.007249234244227409, -0.005387050565332174, -0.03346886485815048, -0.0601164735853672, 0.0067756143398582935, 0.007179668173193932, -0.026324130594730377, 0.02282419428229332, 0.03330448642373085, 0.04035995155572891, -0.001136173726990819, -0.02429618313908577, 0.0008896709769032896, 0.030891790986061096, 0.023539530113339424, -0.03755196928977966, -0.07871150225400925, -0.03806089609861374, 0.05148985981941223, -0.0387880839407444, -0.03812512755393982, 0.0444490909576416, -0.007283343002200127, -0.050527215003967285, 0.09182813763618469, 0.013706273399293423, 0.005019523669034243, -0.009941854514181614, 0.03126188740134239, -0.033682309091091156, -0.03204270079731941, 0.03966112434864044, -0.027382396161556244, -0.005858899559825659, -0.026547333225607872, -0.03305330127477646, 0.00780715886503458, 0.02599410153925419, -0.00209443480707705, -0.01598975993692875, -0.05540906637907028, -0.017598703503608704, -0.04004347324371338, 0.009829292073845863, 0.029016289860010147, -0.0005681797047145665, 0.03479580953717232, -0.03208638355135918, -0.028617415577173233, -0.01658136397600174, 0.07231589406728745, -0.006577988155186176, 0.0729265883564949, -0.02309277281165123, -0.018973693251609802, 0.043795838952064514, 0.03683961182832718, -0.05117325857281685, 0.0072707319632172585, -0.05831477791070938, 0.025695104151964188, 0.0033316859044134617, -0.030969256535172462, -0.012700487859547138, 0.01720229908823967, 0.011178183369338512, 0.028143825009465218, 0.012648336589336395, 0.002893385710194707, -0.03070688806474209, 0.04103685915470123, -0.07547370344400406, -0.06047684699296951, -0.009205191396176815, 0.0034724902361631393, 0.003163048531860113, 0.0010655681835487485, 0.02987590804696083, 0.028164805844426155, 0.0013674356741830707, -0.09434012323617935, -0.051975153386592865, 0.029300738126039505, 0.030865129083395004, 0.04994288086891174, -0.03507290035486221, -0.0016921607311815023, -0.007370915729552507, -0.047731105238199234, 0.02223942242562771, 0.02355939894914627, -0.03614474833011627, 0.05072367936372757, -0.0060394988395273685, -0.09109150618314743, 0.018633024767041206, -0.02147066779434681, 0.07597095519304276, -0.06490715593099594, -0.027743274345993996, -0.03574724122881889, -0.016329113394021988, -0.0024289891589432955, -0.01303896401077509, -0.006996974814683199, -0.05142970383167267, -0.014568839222192764, -0.009334882721304893, 0.01855015940964222, -0.0431625097990036, 0.042961567640304565, -0.04516990855336189, 0.03947004675865173, 0.049468401819467545, 0.026476357132196426, -0.01139229629188776, 0.06471990793943405, -0.014607008546590805, -0.06952197104692459, 0.0389736145734787, 0.015709931030869484, -0.0023069975432008505, 0.00720213633030653, 0.047610294073820114, 0.0887514278292656, -0.04618251323699951, 0.010498357936739922, -0.04199916869401932, -0.0000425004109274596, 0.019088484346866608, 0.027914084494113922, 0.044680651277303696, 0.04563751444220543, 0.017171813175082207, -0.032911770045757294, -0.0190420001745224, -0.05276797339320183, 0.035231396555900574, -0.009354344569146633, -0.028821684420108795, 0.00440581189468503, -0.042381636798381805, 0.06762748956680298, -0.03400878608226776, -0.051836688071489334, 0.06013643369078636, -0.009528214111924171, 0.02199692465364933, -0.019812673330307007, -0.0218314491212368, 0.010455725714564323, -0.0230777058750391, -0.023994794115424156, -0.07097351551055908, 0.026013478636741638, -0.01966013014316559, -0.04542851448059082, -0.02428991161286831, -0.0014074379578232765, 0.0012877777917310596, 0.00869560893625021, -0.005774243269115686, 0.002405760111287236, -0.004759631585329771, 0.023411327973008156, -0.00415327912196517, 0.015422346070408821, 0.016518160700798035, 0.004554665181785822, -0.03965790942311287, 0.013200925663113594, -0.07835818827152252, 0.0027418839745223522, 0.009492136538028717, -0.04232242703437805, -0.022701578214764595, -0.007397135253995657, -0.009721788577735424, -0.0212312750518322, 0.009021593257784843, 0.0069618821144104, 0.010222029872238636, -0.016811205074191093, -0.05820966884493828, 0.04666217043995857, -0.00227932445704937, -0.06853590905666351, 0.09273848682641983, 0.056636933237314224, 0.03982817009091377, -0.008361337706446648, -0.02008974924683571, -0.05832495912909508, 0.01987515389919281, 0.015832936391234398, -0.0508219338953495, 0.015502222813665867, 0.000869325886014849, 0.008059347979724407, 0.03786236047744751, -0.006139990407973528, 0.005532128736376762, -0.029799018055200577, -0.030613182112574577, 0.058278754353523254, -0.04707855358719826, 0.013508586212992668, -0.012782694771885872, 0.03680111840367317, -0.010618987493216991, 0.05479980260133743, -0.012336866930127144, -0.05080490931868553, 0.019434699788689613, -0.027859458699822426, 0.014382174238562584, -0.0017794540617614985, 0.005040391348302364, 0.019067464396357536, 0.0060074590146541595, -0.025699350982904434, 0.015560951083898544, -0.017881693318486214, -0.00327246799133718, 0.06504379212856293, 0.0440710224211216, -0.06624127179384232, -0.0012512868270277977, -0.010659069754183292, 0.008326934650540352, 0.031244298443198204, -0.0892627015709877, 0.023583846166729927, -0.04188043996691704, 0.032203804701566696, -0.01908976584672928, -0.036087628453969955, -0.0030982212629169226, -0.000972436333540827, -0.009298480115830898, -0.02543143555521965, 0.04822598770260811, 0.08918511122465134, 0.004393922630697489, -0.023707235231995583, 0.030858289450407028, -0.008861829526722431, 0.06435342133045197, 0.01912008225917816, 0.055723126977682114, 0.020616797730326653, 0.003948830999433994, -0.023578248918056488, 0.06114199757575989, -0.043298427015542984, 0.04726813733577728, 0.0011331994319334626, 0.03901620954275131, 0.06610818952322006, 0.0066229491494596004, 0.042414821684360504, -0.0007446624804288149, 0.06179986894130707, -0.04331469535827637, 0.04056836664676666, -0.0005570760113187134, 0.008133428171277046, 0.06771710515022278, 0.02574801631271839, -0.05398905649781227, -0.05663865804672241, 0.0013312631053850055, 0.06759839504957199, -0.056461695581674576, 0.008547216653823853, 0.04369828477501869, -0.000830164470244199, -0.062173712998628616, 0.002835508668795228, -0.02874070592224598, 0.01590139791369438, -0.0012666485272347927, 0.06120847165584564, 0.013093347661197186, -0.04176986590027809, 0.021603835746645927, -0.04051864519715309, 0.02262292616069317, 0.03382816165685654, -0.018694503232836723, 0.050869546830654144, -0.041525885462760925, -0.017664479091763496, 0.009912303648889065, -0.07169710844755173, 0.035744138062000275, -0.048512473702430725, -0.09036169946193695, 0.0166008323431015, -0.05274965241551399, 0.01960848644375801, 0.03682401776313782, 0.033490441739559174, -0.0316605307161808, -0.04004979133605957, -0.006758109200745821, -0.0004939463105984032, -0.025984473526477814, -0.009185574017465115, -0.002833042060956359, 0.03595197573304176, -0.052027128636837006, -0.011593407019972801, 0.005038504488766193, 0.024793121963739395, -0.010037367232143879, 0.08075883984565735, 0.020591547712683678, -0.010974213480949402, -0.01341019757091999, -0.021501103416085243, -0.027070218697190285, -0.027310701087117195, 0.05219616740942001, 0.003909231163561344, 0.021088337525725365, -0.011779027990996838, 0.037122782319784164, -0.01432725414633751, -0.06472533196210861, -0.03007587231695652, -0.006355351768434048, -0.03552078828215599, -0.008360075764358044, -0.03268134593963623, -0.020181670784950256, 0.015632476657629013, 0.0031485911458730698, 0.02961425855755806, 0.06548333168029785, 0.022510502487421036, 0.0016830883687362075, 0.06487666070461273, -0.004880951251834631, -0.0014723894419148564, -0.013162522576749325, 0.003042077412828803, 0.019283557310700417, -0.005397056695073843, 0.01551163662225008, -0.010065780952572823, -0.04776326194405556, -0.01782400906085968, 0.05312143266201019, -0.03007500432431698, 0.007644537836313248, -0.00047429921687580645, -0.060608480125665665, 0.028478719294071198, -0.0417180135846138, -0.04123562574386597, -0.08872871845960617, -0.02336425706744194, 0.012916282750666142, 0.0004721144796349108, -0.04411456733942032, -0.07910610735416412, 0.026790035888552666, 0.021831538528203964, 0.02351531945168972, 0.000055242191592697054, -0.006693619769066572, 0.011033864691853523, 0.03390970826148987, 0.029630672186613083, 0.02626771293580532, 0.03503770753741264, -0.06384158879518509, 0.07261601090431213, 0.08985637873411179, -0.05612407997250557, 0.04517098143696785, -0.028964579105377197, -0.03529621660709381, 0.02590027078986168, -0.009953916072845459, 0.019797494634985924, -0.015520758926868439, 0.04887252673506737, 0.008314481005072594, -0.053806107491254807, 0.03793332353234291, 0.006021731533110142 ]
<p>With relativistic aberration, a sky full of stars gets concentrated in the direction of motion. As a rough measure of the degree of concentration, one could use the radius of a small circle, centered on the direction of motion, which contains the objects which, when you are at rest, are in half the sky (if you take my meaning).</p> <p>Using the formula for relativistic aberration:</p> <p>beta=0: half-sky radius=90 deg</p> <p>beta=0.8: half-sky radius= 36.87 deg (this is just arcos(beta))</p> <p>When I compare this calculation with diagrams created both by others and myself, there seems to be a difference of a few degrees, and I can't figure out why. I seem to be missing something.</p> <p>For the case of beta=0.80, I measure the half-sky radius as 39 degrees. The difference is small, but it's large enough that I'm pretty sure it's not a measurement error.</p> <p>You can measure this for yourself, using this diagram (created by someone else), with the 90 deg lines: <a href="http://erkdemon.blogspot.ca/2009/11/relativistic-ellipse.html" rel="nofollow">http://erkdemon.blogspot.ca/2009/11/relativistic-ellipse.html</a></p>
g4592
[ 0.01955089531838894, 0.0052632796578109264, -0.003846515202894807, -0.028416428714990616, 0.04674481973052025, 0.018560729920864105, 0.06453177332878113, -0.03414156287908554, 0.002698922296985984, -0.021773677319288254, -0.04909031093120575, 0.04837138578295708, 0.03972706198692322, -0.0005209281807765365, 0.026379600167274475, -0.002064117696136236, 0.008157321251928806, -0.03320211544632912, 0.007837316952645779, 0.009066369384527206, 0.02469777688384056, -0.03943005949258804, 0.0071687172167003155, -0.030340738594532013, 0.02235245518386364, 0.07088681310415268, 0.033029284328222275, 0.033549677580595016, -0.10138168185949326, -0.006138607859611511, -0.03538691997528076, 0.02599533274769783, 0.005773169454187155, -0.030340243130922318, 0.02576025016605854, -0.027864757925271988, -0.01638943701982498, 0.01524273119866848, 0.007520272396504879, -0.036806464195251465, -0.007895679213106632, -0.027106408029794693, 0.013293948955833912, 0.0027649742551147938, 0.0031171697191894054, -0.07492000609636307, -0.03008464351296425, -0.0025820883456617594, 0.039961520582437515, 0.008863297291100025, -0.00011134718079119921, 0.012578614987432957, 0.013396092690527439, -0.026156537234783173, 0.04036654531955719, 0.015625111758708954, -0.01490919291973114, -0.009272702969610691, 0.012034752406179905, 0.0021114032715559006, 0.014037126675248146, 0.014047529548406601, 0.0024729382712394, 0.0011590714566409588, 0.015559850260615349, 0.01477398257702589, -0.021553613245487213, -0.027298221364617348, 0.003244534833356738, -0.01778268814086914, -0.030151937156915665, -0.0314871110022068, -0.01752110943198204, -0.004068754147738218, -0.09415467828512192, -0.013082312420010567, -0.030231229960918427, -0.004693824797868729, 0.0010751864174380898, 0.010354751721024513, -0.025693319737911224, -0.08262000977993011, -0.02488245815038681, 0.04138946533203125, 0.069058857858181, 0.05809884890913963, -0.03033745475113392, -0.013409602455794811, -0.020957956090569496, -0.011983426287770271, 0.024551020935177803, -0.0488327220082283, 0.06999646127223969, 0.045808710157871246, 0.05927354097366333, -0.04691111296415329, -0.041031017899513245, 0.027484562247991562, -0.044727690517902374, 0.04660385474562645, -0.027371756732463837, -0.015879888087511063, -0.0253234151750803, 0.021379385143518448, -0.017239723354578018, 0.01588626392185688, 0.009936138987541199, -0.04320688918232918, -0.016507446765899658, -0.028402721509337425, -0.04947532340884209, -0.08077026158571243, 0.010317360050976276, -0.049680717289447784, -0.04938355088233948, -0.04175521805882454, 0.11062270402908325, -0.03619212657213211, 0.04512306675314903, 0.032058026641607285, 0.048139628022909164, 0.04609479382634163, 0.01830962672829628, 0.034757521003484726, -0.039698753505945206, 0.03930055350065231, -0.040961138904094696, 0.0037331965286284685, 0.030799509957432747, -0.0036026884336024523, -0.0035982460249215364, -0.037709105759859085, -0.00326718227006495, 0.0053352839313447475, 0.003103695809841156, 0.01027626357972622, -0.012014908716082573, -0.038300517946481705, -0.06360597163438797, 0.00043694075429812074, 0.0326550267636776, 0.028096526861190796, 0.030376991257071495, -0.028524816036224365, -0.024166347458958626, -0.0042326743714511395, -0.015088556334376335, 0.056640420109033585, 0.04117211326956749, -0.030890485271811485, -0.016769591718912125, 0.01837342046201229, -0.011721348389983177, -0.025508005172014236, -0.029271280393004417, -0.016585635021328926, 0.023033592849969864, 0.029238330200314522, -0.015470903366804123, 0.040334660559892654, 0.07855900377035141, 0.056426361203193665, 0.024461468681693077, -0.03802450746297836, -0.01775652915239334, 0.06554336100816727, 0.009260788559913635, -0.0248662531375885, -0.00428687734529376, -0.016666658222675323, -0.09246236830949783, -0.04110199585556984, 0.008861612528562546, -0.0021857512183487415, -0.027092479169368744, 0.12686190009117126, 0.07507909834384918, 0.022156301885843277, -0.043384142220020294, 0.012982983142137527, -0.036392007023096085, -0.0010874085128307343, 0.0015402205754071474, 0.03584320470690727, 0.018925253301858902, -0.06261295825242996, 0.031015031039714813, -0.0007235879311338067, -0.027358433231711388, -0.04400892183184624, 0.03660375624895096, -0.048373036086559296, -0.07436618208885193, -0.010064758360385895, -0.00508902920410037, -0.004180739168077707, 0.06790038198232651, -0.01585530675947666, -0.030884096398949623, 0.054278358817100525, -0.016837790608406067, 0.023644518107175827, 0.06106221675872803, 0.015314383432269096, 0.02157888188958168, 0.03043273650109768, -0.02676173485815525, 0.000453196931630373, 0.0418078675866127, 0.04432198777794838, -0.022676359862089157, -0.0038648785557597876, 0.007773653604090214, 0.009925552643835545, -0.004132379312068224, -0.01322467066347599, 0.03432411327958107, -0.02035118080675602, -0.03003055974841118, 0.04414307326078415, -0.007377122063189745, -0.00428159162402153, 0.02747270278632641, -0.023603646084666252, 0.04653741419315338, 0.03207774460315704, -0.07569616287946701, 0.028591735288500786, 0.04665860906243324, 0.01192895695567131, -0.008722797967493534, 0.016575857996940613, -0.014557631686329842, 0.00914819911122322, -0.0058267381973564625, 0.0035186968743801117, 0.009868733584880829, 0.00899653322994709, 0.008620386011898518, 0.00019310037896502763, 0.054102879017591476, 0.013335591182112694, -0.03978448733687401, -0.016466541215777397, 0.02818531170487404, 0.060146089643239975, 0.08957362920045853, 0.011117958463728428, -0.07113094627857208, 0.0489446222782135, -0.019024578854441643, 0.0435696542263031, 0.01497782114893198, -0.011810862459242344, 0.04890495166182518, 0.050879281014204025, 0.0033423888962715864, 0.0031870948150753975, -0.04438609257340431, -0.03555388003587723, -0.06972979009151459, -0.04643508791923523, 0.027158357203006744, 0.0005062022828496993, -0.022318309172987938, 0.02693823166191578, -0.022017711773514748, 0.008312692865729332, 0.03575915843248367, -0.022084033116698265, -0.011611104011535645, 0.06111462414264679, -0.0068473732098937035, 0.07394353300333023, 0.008561997674405575, -0.01968981884419918, 0.011499633081257343, -0.016789300367236137, 0.04995149374008179, 0.025228526443243027, -0.01698174886405468, 0.029425768181681633, -0.0316089391708374, 0.018121158704161644, 0.01901538483798504, -0.0005544143496081233, 0.019039977341890335, 0.0431726798415184, -0.05136542767286301, 0.0080926064401865, 0.018164170905947685, 0.01404154859483242, 0.005356263369321823, -0.026005202904343605, 0.04882458224892616, 0.014459499157965183, 0.024280648678541183, 0.021964682266116142, -0.035894714295864105, 0.0032848503906279802, 0.0015712609747424722, 0.0072003500536084175, 0.045729510486125946, -0.024587372317910194, -0.008555510081350803, 0.024706976488232613, -0.00528685562312603, -0.06657668948173523, -0.03005264699459076, -0.020440317690372467, -0.04513382539153099, -0.03739781677722931, 0.01659264974296093, 0.0027011604979634285, 0.01698797196149826, -0.007337799295783043, -0.0038351297844201326, 0.02631266415119171, 0.06561487168073654, 0.018837332725524902, 0.008141282945871353, -0.06858287751674652, 0.0302603580057621, 0.010165465995669365, 0.041918493807315826, -0.04235050827264786, 0.03070494532585144, 0.018587011843919754, -0.054102573543787, -0.05235157907009125, 0.005100748036056757, -0.03510364145040512, 0.01575898751616478, 0.018647847697138786, -0.059872761368751526, 0.029997076839208603, -0.06200060248374939, -0.017569493502378464, 0.00744272768497467, 0.004789669066667557, -0.07196804136037827, 0.0021811374463140965, -0.01494548749178648, -0.044102974236011505, 0.05487023666501045, 0.022509636357426643, -0.011116335168480873, 0.009302446618676186, 0.01357655692845583, -0.02481880597770214, 0.012448059394955635, -0.029817719012498856, -0.02147062122821808, -0.07281883805990219, -0.0318940244615078, -0.047368887811899185, 0.00045356585178524256, 0.010921617969870567, 0.028548840433359146, 0.011435498483479023, 0.02989400550723076, -0.026405172422528267, -0.045342687517404556, -0.023096561431884766, 0.00417328393086791, -0.027003895491361618, 0.014510197564959526, 0.00007001608173595741, -0.010592903941869736, 0.03031807392835617, -0.023750238120555878, -0.021221844479441643, -0.035894278436899185, 0.011685649864375591, 0.026743141934275627, 0.005859704688191414, 0.03038802370429039, -0.008065996691584587, 0.0037596405018121004, 0.03238140046596527, 0.028960485011339188, 0.016299741342663765, -0.025411201640963554, 0.03122524544596672, -0.04040674492716789, -0.024552414193749428, -0.008089879527688026, -0.04723507910966873, 0.008973818272352219, -0.016690872609615326, -0.011751196347177029, -0.08428169041872025, -0.026326632127165794, -0.028922848403453827, 0.042942605912685394, -0.030250055715441704, 0.04708985611796379, -0.008060029707849026, 0.012384871952235699, 0.06687585264444351, -0.031911224126815796, 0.015113072469830513, 0.01941908337175846, -0.0021683131344616413, -0.013212020508944988, -0.03568089380860329, 0.006079038605093956, 0.012894133105874062, -0.0028167946729809046, 0.014552230946719646, -0.006797706242650747, 0.03814009577035904, -0.0121110575273633, -0.10659831762313843, 0.08187999576330185, 0.05959543585777283, -0.033961690962314606, -0.005222144071012735, 0.013641680590808392, 0.024436920881271362, -0.04116576910018921, 0.07125389575958252, 0.00773884542286396, -0.017153330147266388, 0.03723255917429924, 0.07716964930295944, 0.000275647355010733, 0.041120581328868866, 0.0392041951417923, -0.0017785292584449053, 0.006137812975794077, 0.012999226339161396, -0.036815717816352844, 0.010178749449551105, -0.07892220467329025, 0.038645047694444656, -0.059245143085718155, 0.07407990097999573, 0.06292752921581268, 0.02564889006316662, 0.015448340214788914, 0.026665132492780685, 0.009574061259627342, -0.02947435900568962, -0.015392315573990345, 0.011911248788237572, -0.04819915443658829, -0.06170954927802086, -0.003122019814327359, -0.011953195556998253, -0.004054284654557705, 0.01743254065513611, 0.014676355756819248, 0.03797163441777229, -0.05675113573670387, 0.006848319433629513, -0.017729660496115685, 0.07730728387832642, 0.05753783881664276, -0.0005888694431632757, -0.07540863752365112, -0.013659299351274967, 0.038048405200242996, 0.01077699288725853, 0.027597719803452492, -0.01563575677573681, 0.0033751241862773895, -0.00333530199714005, -0.04792722314596176, 0.0014422787353396416, -0.022002505138516426, 0.03492620959877968, 0.05701833218336105, -0.00949096865952015, -0.026351800188422203, 0.04934525862336159, 0.009896664880216122, -0.012095264159142971, -0.0066341678611934185, -0.031356338411569595, -0.06138066202402115, -0.0309126153588295, 0.007400942500680685, -0.005498223006725311, -0.012271860614418983, 0.07071030139923096, -0.02780761756002903, -0.0012178196338936687, 0.014555134810507298, -0.00765946414321661, 0.027426481246948242, 0.009000006131827831, -0.020231204107403755, -0.05562644079327583, 0.04867319017648697, -0.05363870784640312, 0.03614862635731697, -0.042573198676109314, 0.0277959406375885, -0.028325919061899185, -0.054873254150152206, 0.06400289386510849, -0.005216276738792658, -0.00648890994489193, -0.04500610753893852, 0.038432955741882324, 0.007737296633422375, -0.006435200572013855, 0.0052674864418804646, 0.024731682613492012, -0.016226598992943764, 0.0008568895282223821, 0.013214251957833767, 0.0005413952167145908, -0.02604103274643421, -0.0349423922598362, -0.01710018329322338, 0.04645618796348572, 0.010934188961982727, -0.04056861624121666, 0.0245671346783638, 0.002105979947373271, -0.023915370926260948, -0.033970996737480164, 0.04191877692937851, -0.020940324291586876, -0.0040438235737383366, -0.009939109906554222, 0.021413378417491913, -0.0058804890140891075, -0.023755749687552452, 0.039231255650520325, 0.03398152068257332, 0.020289601758122444, 0.009583146311342716, -0.009103573858737946, 0.02266784943640232, -0.01413201168179512, 0.06866469979286194, 0.015955062583088875, -0.005641418509185314, 0.06168343126773834, -0.030230984091758728, 0.08144178986549377, -0.026880668476223946, -0.02789679542183876, -0.029418671503663063, -0.0008702633786015213, 0.04954298958182335, 0.04957590997219086, -0.023441672325134277, 0.01137787289917469, -0.004041277337819338, 0.016536619514226913, -0.09042072296142578, 0.022985218092799187, -0.047716788947582245, -0.01273187156766653, 0.0034381048753857613, -0.04068076238036156, 0.031994257122278214, 0.013291807845234871, 0.02719961106777191, 0.024948282167315483, 0.012398074381053448, -0.07283824682235718, 0.03140219673514366, -0.03120204620063305, 0.085394486784935, 0.03736349195241928, -0.03137034922838211, -0.023809943348169327, 0.00614451989531517, 0.036232996731996536, 0.06839004158973694, 0.03624521568417549, -0.027529871091246605, -0.026241900399327278, 0.04895344376564026, 0.017330076545476913, 0.022301241755485535, -0.0037531896959990263, 0.009515495039522648, -0.07097326964139938, 0.022738799452781677, -0.016007430851459503, 0.009096414782106876, -0.0026238393038511276, 0.009672379121184349, -0.010354114696383476, 0.0035171378403902054, 0.009357555769383907, 0.01951829344034195, -0.0038884261157363653, -0.05514762923121452, -0.008165559731423855, 0.03040381520986557, 0.00365436146967113, -0.0688047781586647, 0.022053303197026253, -0.0011446818243712187, -0.00576878571882844, 0.06903721392154694, 0.006635178811848164, 0.05744265019893646, -0.0186814833432436, -0.0330878309905529, 0.018445681780576706, -0.008049936965107918, 0.0037377162370830774, -0.004114419687539339, 0.010304566472768784, -0.03072294406592846, 0.05181947350502014, -0.03518281504511833, -0.03629913181066513, 0.0026021895464509726, 0.05375202000141144, -0.05368005484342575, -0.03733615577220917, -0.006628581788390875, -0.0294241514056921, -0.04524502530694008, 0.019218288362026215, 0.03063838742673397, 0.028212998062372208, -0.05001991614699364, -0.009838332422077656, 0.011488846503198147, -0.019378580152988434, 0.03863721713423729, 0.01349671371281147, 0.011683444492518902, 0.04079429805278778, 0.10394175350666046, 0.02608153223991394, -0.07480451464653015, -0.0034024957567453384, 0.0163786131888628, 0.11037953197956085, -0.040654074400663376, 0.008205884136259556, -0.012478531338274479, 0.001778247649781406, -0.07521738111972809, -0.03413645550608635, -0.022019676864147186, 0.0014681071043014526, -0.11241357028484344, -0.00279987882822752, 0.03049079142510891, 0.02253861539065838, -0.052986059337854385, -0.015343589708209038, -0.0513424389064312, 0.019046954810619354, 0.00022592558525502682, 0.04382603242993355, 0.0016400658059865236, -0.0871303603053093, -0.05729127302765846, -0.021793944761157036, -0.04821516200900078, -0.0001280786527786404, 0.009491085074841976, 0.0027837171219289303, 0.01699855737388134, 0.0056203934364020824, -0.06761869788169861, -0.07868939638137817, -0.018235867843031883, 0.031781572848558426, -0.02797733247280121, -0.016639459878206253, -0.00025413729599677026, 0.00003400081550353207, 0.029103605076670647, -0.04658165201544762, -0.03815174102783203, 0.02547570876777172, -0.014753244817256927, 0.04968641325831413, 0.013943502679467201, 0.004865326918661594, -0.08993852138519287, 0.006141994148492813, -0.04198845475912094, -0.003917789552360773, 0.05392232909798622, -0.06129467859864235, 0.005236080382019281, 0.0989985242486, -0.04942411184310913, 0.02526329644024372, -0.018665356561541557, -0.014915929175913334, 0.10038048774003983, 0.027017641812562943, 0.038282979279756546, -0.03494320064783096, 0.01859571598470211, -0.02110031060874462, 0.0018469281494617462, 0.03664788976311684, 0.07899998873472214, 0.033641524612903595, -0.009550679475069046, 0.05650493875145912, -0.03534752503037453, -0.014713514596223831, 0.005195733159780502, 0.03157709166407585, 0.014538499526679516, 0.028169576078653336, -0.056432176381349564, 0.009252582676708698, -0.0047208042815327644, 0.03014986589550972, -0.019173139706254005, -0.017879171296954155, -0.017957286909222603, -0.020420152693986893, 0.03391945734620094, -0.09102468192577362, -0.037243109196424484, -0.06731092184782028, 0.022917501628398895, -0.044866226613521576, 0.053334880620241165, -0.07199353724718094, 0.02479824796319008, 0.03300633281469345, -0.08722172677516937, 0.016435515135526657, -0.005218890495598316, 0.0177287757396698, -0.032705746591091156, -0.041244592517614365, -0.028167851269245148, -0.0049982634373009205, -0.014294967986643314, -0.03233242407441139, 0.057505588978528976, -0.031800590455532074, 0.007001074496656656, -0.03160686790943146, -0.00933039840310812, 0.028346581384539604, 0.08825156092643738, -0.01550225168466568, -0.019919339567422867, 0.024908121675252914, 0.007594042457640171, -0.02492603100836277, 0.009469697251915932, -0.0016016645822674036, 0.025587361305952072, -0.08324283361434937, -0.005358423106372356, -0.005796114914119244, -0.014577258378267288, -0.02111915685236454, 0.004903559107333422, 0.07824363559484482, 0.0037424389738589525, -0.01755911484360695, -0.009078992530703545, 0.025830935686826706 ]
<p>I would like to buy a good book on Variational Calculus. Most of the books that I find seem to be rather formal in a mathematical sense, which is not necessarily bad, but makes the studying a bit cumbersome.</p> <p>Could you provide me with advice on a good variational calculus books which focuses on physics problems and has plenty of examples, preferably in the field of mechanics.</p>
g150
[ 0.08299820870161057, 0.035247042775154114, 0.02704652026295662, 0.0295071043074131, 0.0017771725542843342, 0.0029986489098519087, 0.003462625201791525, -0.048472411930561066, -0.0035841187927871943, 0.01884719543159008, 0.011321326717734337, -0.05388066917657852, -0.030729932710528374, 0.007048300001770258, -0.002061726525425911, -0.008119340054690838, 0.03242391720414162, 0.0179995596408844, 0.016731495037674904, 0.03442749008536339, 0.06202524155378342, 0.04977509379386902, 0.01916516199707985, 0.01781107299029827, -0.010678235441446304, -0.022988690063357353, -0.061701320111751556, -0.03557940945029259, -0.05846214294433594, 0.003010103013366461, -0.019682085141539574, -0.08085805177688599, -0.03404868766665459, -0.028745105490088463, -0.02299693413078785, -0.009505515918135643, 0.020266186445951462, -0.038360629230737686, 0.03856136277318001, 0.030830100178718567, 0.021762454882264137, -0.008403007872402668, -0.018361318856477737, -0.01991814374923706, -0.01594497635960579, -0.06268960982561111, -0.038102809339761734, -0.022017166018486023, -0.045010872185230255, 0.020108545199036598, 0.04115169867873192, -0.05563438683748245, 0.013009726069867611, -0.022918494418263435, 0.04670180752873421, 0.04357943311333656, -0.003974395338445902, 0.05208795890212059, -0.03719336539506912, -0.017330508679151535, 0.0547613762319088, 0.034093864262104034, -0.015143357217311859, -0.061077896505594254, 0.009304155595600605, -0.038257598876953125, 0.00330807245336473, 0.018686458468437195, 0.04800715297460556, 0.005041934549808502, 0.009423194453120232, 0.02887539565563202, 0.016133025288581848, -0.0025555044412612915, -0.01819426566362381, -0.06807741522789001, 0.0025610572192817926, -0.0005551750655286014, 0.031345903873443604, -0.03300785645842552, -0.05885503068566322, 0.03691760450601578, 0.04207928478717804, 0.0033529121428728104, 0.04632848501205444, 0.0007978125941008329, -0.014284711331129074, 0.001737634651362896, -0.058560945093631744, -0.041853297501802444, 0.006599209737032652, -0.024684719741344452, 0.07632617652416229, 0.01937977597117424, -0.018589764833450317, -0.04648995399475098, -0.03548632934689522, 0.009286214597523212, 0.034155022352933884, 0.0437917560338974, 0.0014030544552952051, -0.017162378877401352, 0.03991929069161415, 0.034305259585380554, -0.04249788820743561, 0.025809915736317635, -0.007224518805742264, -0.006113357841968536, 0.04815150052309036, 0.015937088057398796, -0.010293420404195786, -0.02988947555422783, -0.004554390907287598, -0.054435260593891144, -0.0368763767182827, 0.03606301546096802, 0.005632306449115276, 0.02173464559018612, 0.042389050126075745, 0.033449433743953705, 0.01752341352403164, 0.05510493367910385, 0.031018121168017387, 0.017751134932041168, -0.0043426984921097755, -0.01088462769985199, -0.03017878532409668, -0.06327890604734421, 0.060955919325351715, -0.03459805250167847, 0.02961372584104538, -0.018198490142822266, -0.05430639535188675, -0.027766641229391098, -0.03303235024213791, 0.052613403648138046, 0.04862479865550995, -0.019153451547026634, 0.05925312638282776, -0.056651387363672256, 0.0008179946453310549, 0.048222824931144714, 0.02113087847828865, -0.006777219008654356, -0.010225988924503326, 0.04257339984178543, -0.005459480453282595, 0.03126534819602966, -0.010926218703389168, -0.02755831927061081, -0.02812645211815834, 0.016988467425107956, 0.03872914984822273, -0.06276388466358185, 0.027737576514482498, 0.03417341783642769, 0.041861481964588165, 0.05513158068060875, 0.025169122964143753, -0.04644482582807541, 0.020941881462931633, -0.010687082074582577, -0.002681923098862171, 0.012770621106028557, -0.06187036260962486, 0.04369504377245903, -0.06768448650836945, -0.009841402061283588, -0.026583025231957436, 0.025800392031669617, -0.02253849245607853, 0.045886535197496414, 0.020927084609866142, 0.06505463272333145, -0.0057668378576636314, -0.016332248225808144, 0.02204102650284767, -0.036880012601614, -0.03180764615535736, 0.011511165648698807, -0.05743233487010002, -0.0532241091132164, -0.0156191885471344, 0.0021410477347671986, -0.04160916060209274, 0.028011556714773178, 0.007907160557806492, -0.010245663113892078, -0.06257935613393784, -0.07262317836284637, -0.04421456158161163, -0.026116272434592247, -0.011004183441400528, 0.013552726246416569, 0.016952557489275932, 0.04605989530682564, 0.027708541601896286, 0.0176067017018795, -0.0247413981705904, 0.021461600437760353, 0.033103134483098984, 0.03184134140610695, 0.0738934725522995, 0.03488670289516449, 0.01774461194872856, 0.006948574911803007, -0.007961549796164036, -0.03472615033388138, -0.013757145032286644, 0.008347311057150364, 0.0239988025277853, 0.029588360339403152, 0.00038919743383303285, -0.024899039417505264, 0.022759277373552322, -0.018502850085496902, 0.01694723404943943, 0.015950677916407585, -0.011678681708872318, -0.002178025897592306, -0.015073955059051514, 0.03550507873296738, -0.05493302270770073, -0.009043671190738678, 0.028035078197717667, 0.02531156688928604, -0.03459477424621582, 0.026447223499417305, 0.023691024631261826, -0.04735996574163437, -0.09724119305610657, 0.03590207174420357, 0.02205752581357956, -0.05188924819231033, -0.013750726357102394, 0.004709209315478802, 0.020977523177862167, -0.00859557930380106, 0.03968145325779915, 0.0077892448753118515, 0.0240047387778759, -0.007603248115628958, 0.07422268390655518, -0.04408587887883186, -0.03286568820476532, -0.08606657385826111, 0.0043823872692883015, 0.03378399834036827, -0.007278619799762964, -0.05303933843970299, 0.04332299157977104, -0.06774814426898956, -0.05101244896650314, -0.046224549412727356, -0.011033403687179089, -0.005216016434133053, 0.0007478776969946921, 0.030873358249664307, 0.026509420946240425, -0.023195568472146988, 0.009342840872704983, -0.0381556861102581, 0.039787501096725464, 0.06102048233151436, -0.022797277197241783, 0.054181817919015884, 0.028894556686282158, 0.01907856948673725, 0.015862395986914635, 0.015617202036082745, 0.010125736705958843, 0.04727338254451752, 0.014920773915946484, -0.02701481059193611, -0.0009500101441517472, -0.02002161182463169, 0.02239648438990116, -0.0025939338374882936, -0.011108086444437504, -0.03862914815545082, 0.05200990289449692, -0.04149261489510536, 0.03300865367054939, -0.0037800606805831194, 0.012219490483403206, 0.02129139006137848, -0.04833533987402916, -0.06369056552648544, -0.08387459069490433, 0.020910535007715225, -0.01070468034595251, 0.02095314860343933, 0.031051458790898323, -0.041485048830509186, -0.03772252798080444, 0.030908219516277313, -0.014337519183754921, 0.028743315488100052, -0.0852474719285965, 0.021050002425909042, -0.022093484178185463, 0.03407765179872513, 0.008060287684202194, 0.09649472683668137, 0.04218442738056183, 0.029337653890252113, 0.059093400835990906, -0.05014286935329437, 0.042458098381757736, -0.011625455692410469, -0.00041433682781644166, 0.015196319669485092, 0.08007366955280304, -0.0013666909653693438, -0.05076385289430618, 0.0318182148039341, -0.024730177596211433, 0.026242362335324287, 0.001290934276767075, 0.0032212366349995136, 0.0009264303953386843, -0.0034940396435558796, 0.05080166831612587, -0.02610114775598049, 0.05007612332701683, 0.03780284523963928, 0.0037988286931067705, -0.010799722746014595, -0.023689450696110725, -0.017576539888978004, -0.024531709030270576, -0.04062950983643532, -0.022055940702557564, -0.04832930490374565, -0.0720551386475563, -0.08453181385993958, -0.06450013816356659, -0.016674581915140152, 0.013059637509286404, -0.005042361561208963, 0.009272568859159946, -0.04677481949329376, 0.022647835314273834, -0.05388706922531128, -0.0817141905426979, 0.011650178581476212, -0.05949206277728081, 0.0010778374271467328, 0.02150863967835903, -0.06775467097759247, 0.0296756811439991, -0.04245659336447716, 0.04080279916524887, 0.013437196612358093, -0.013031345792114735, -0.001984626753255725, 0.009731185622513294, -0.02702886238694191, -0.04448467120528221, 0.009132415056228638, -0.028373437002301216, 0.025448132306337357, -0.049990709871053696, 0.051821019500494, 0.007157058455049992, 0.0550554059445858, 0.003433498088270426, 0.019626224413514137, -0.007815523073077202, 0.02048180066049099, 0.024804318323731422, 0.056457214057445526, 0.04931522160768509, 0.00988003984093666, -0.009731268510222435, -0.0073686218820512295, 0.041017428040504456, 0.03236820921301842, -0.04919654130935669, -0.06851678341627121, -0.028664054349064827, -0.04265860468149185, 0.0541367381811142, 0.019227465614676476, 0.024061160162091255, 0.027354013174772263, 0.0015604558866471052, 0.043301913887262344, -0.004858840256929398, 0.048946019262075424, -0.007706334814429283, -0.06061995029449463, -0.05284549295902252, 0.031275901943445206, 0.04970228299498558, -0.018355892971158028, 0.06942985951900482, 0.05039056017994881, -0.0076109375804662704, 0.013608764857053757, -0.026116950437426567, 0.01096564531326294, 0.026241956278681755, 0.035161152482032776, -0.02784101851284504, -0.019412416964769363, 0.028651956468820572, 0.018667468801140785, 0.013339177705347538, -0.06474670767784119, -0.005785678513348103, -0.09210873395204544, -0.024529609829187393, 0.01033813040703535, -0.01584225334227085, 0.024367930367588997, -0.009338749572634697, -0.025604119524359703, 0.07550182193517685, 0.06516066938638687, -0.03319966793060303, 0.03699149936437607, -0.02798779308795929, -0.05138646066188812, 0.003026354592293501, -0.00961779523640871, 0.0446566566824913, -0.033658187836408615, -0.020718704909086227, 0.00048714090371504426, -0.02897787280380726, -0.042522359639406204, 0.008328508585691452, 0.010579477995634079, -0.023941978812217712, -0.00602682726457715, -0.005308836232870817, -0.0028221462853252888, -0.0418376587331295, 0.050556544214487076, 0.023398151621222496, 0.010889568366110325, 0.01292141992598772, 0.01995653659105301, -0.039249569177627563, 0.0977388247847557, -0.03921665996313095, -0.0013393227709457278, 0.005400598980486393, 0.004164198413491249, 0.0005371527513489127, 0.02571076713502407, 0.017335327342152596, 0.06163303181529045, -0.08717972040176392, -0.015372642315924168, 0.00374320219270885, -0.020433049649000168, 0.07710445672273636, 0.022853191941976547, 0.027235718443989754, 0.03567506745457649, -0.03818975016474724, 0.032813843339681625, -0.03941933438181877, -0.023078998550772667, -0.04225170239806175, 0.023354368284344673, -0.03852009028196335, -0.059868160635232925, 0.03588505834341049, 0.05383509397506714, 0.0067190732806921005, -0.014781498350203037, 0.005567409563809633, -0.009882363490760326, -0.01133873499929905, 0.0034776043612509966, 0.0034559324849396944, 0.02091641165316105, -0.0417913943529129, -0.005582364276051521, -0.004829913377761841, -0.0032680470030754805, -0.033582523465156555, -0.05450188368558884, 0.037945706397295, -0.003020552219823003, 0.017261408269405365, -0.05311641842126846, 0.03685672953724861, -0.0009677259949967265, 0.07022718340158463, -0.015139604918658733, -0.05712829530239105, -0.02816835045814514, 0.020955650135874748, 0.02352023497223854, 0.02015000209212303, -0.03042563982307911, -0.04356292262673378, 0.02196759171783924, -0.04570586234331131, -0.026242701336741447, -0.02333480678498745, 0.00003320191535749473, -0.012365177273750305, -0.007766401395201683, -0.0033913739025592804, 0.005310106556862593, 0.002107050269842148, -0.01809358038008213, -0.023204175755381584, 0.04415719583630562, -0.013945951126515865, 0.03688052296638489, 0.034150850027799606, 0.00047361524775624275, 0.0069302767515182495, -0.03868034482002258, -0.005322445183992386, -0.03951190784573555, 0.044396404176950455, 0.007625669240951538, 0.07648646086454391, -0.05983776971697807, -0.08109709620475769, -0.030155621469020844, -0.07859395444393158, -0.020708801224827766, 0.026404211297631264, 0.05208790674805641, 0.039322663098573685, 0.04683004692196846, -0.05581539124250412, 0.019234549254179, -0.01502127293497324, 0.01638716086745262, 0.002780443523079157, 0.026658475399017334, -0.030148549005389214, -0.021135639399290085, 0.044144272804260254, 0.006818818859755993, 0.018632063642144203, 0.050369780510663986, 0.021380901336669922, 0.03207094222307205, 0.08012940734624863, -0.0041183000430464745, -0.06113739684224129, 0.014377553015947342, -0.021358655765652657, -0.11756136268377304, 0.028488870710134506, -0.0035247320774942636, -0.04827943816781044, 0.002065442968159914, 0.0015936592826619744, 0.030324360355734825, 0.02037232182919979, -0.060013823211193085, -0.04613535851240158, -0.008008410222828388, 0.01661936193704605, -0.00681077828630805, -0.008157283067703247, -0.03323880210518837, 0.06103987991809845, 0.07698757946491241, -0.04086177051067352, 0.08166218549013138, -0.017317917197942734, -0.01186356507241726, 0.046419549733400345, 0.021513910964131355, -0.014903091825544834, -0.09488610178232193, -0.0035551891196519136, -0.014539668336510658, 0.004401154816150665, 0.04915836825966835, 0.0456610843539238, -0.093568354845047, 0.007772693410515785, -0.008194642141461372, 0.020310550928115845, 0.0467253141105175, -0.03709870204329491, -0.01382426731288433, -0.019344862550497055, 0.03680352121591568, 0.03192142769694328, 0.00854718778282404, 0.037603773176670074, -0.04244627058506012, 0.010268053039908409, -0.003951908554881811, 0.06715439260005951, 0.01330854743719101, 0.018309853971004486, 0.006040751002728939, 0.005794220604002476, -0.005830780602991581, -0.021609775722026825, 0.044823091477155685, 0.022392472252249718, 0.025186460465192795, -0.00612404802814126, 0.04487670585513115, -0.012170164845883846, 0.019579647108912468, 0.004710045643150806, 0.04023446515202522, -0.03183310106396675, -0.0018124317284673452, 0.011220678687095642, 0.004724307917058468, -0.013418145477771759, -0.051803700625896454, 0.026156743988394737, 0.01362964790314436, 0.034336671233177185, -0.02716130018234253, -0.06836537271738052, -0.012973600998520851, -0.025786571204662323, 0.0674462765455246, 0.07459099590778351, -0.057755887508392334, 0.029529236257076263, 0.03610758110880852, 0.03460916876792908, 0.07368819415569305, 0.0015048370696604252, 0.07611694186925888, -0.016738969832658768, 0.0250850822776556, -0.011238104663789272, -0.018198130652308464, -0.06113334372639656, 0.013761374168097973, 0.05597580969333649, -0.01104684080928564, -0.029656892642378807, -0.06621989607810974, -0.04908626899123192, -0.04739152267575264, -0.0746753066778183, 0.03477063402533531, 0.079619862139225, 0.020195210352540016, 0.015883225947618484, 0.012792159803211689, 0.003936735447496176, 0.02400985173881054, 0.07931031286716461, -0.009317847900092602, 0.03690135106444359, -0.012657197192311287, -0.013676730915904045, -0.02607601322233677, -0.007348482497036457, 0.03437618166208267, 0.026614664122462273, 0.07798721641302109, -0.04147392138838768, 0.02416190877556801, 0.021766670048236847, -0.027068620547652245, -0.02062445506453514, 0.03397463634610176, -0.036509983241558075, 0.048456769436597824, 0.004942484200000763, -0.02685021422803402, -0.028271442279219627, -0.022454883903265, 0.019164707511663437, -0.07013741135597229, 0.025715524330735207, 0.03326285630464554, -0.030910992994904518, -0.006277158390730619, -0.02925107814371586, -0.007289978675544262, -0.039217736572027206, -0.02892947383224964, 0.019050773233175278, -0.023632453754544258, 0.002068628091365099, -0.026841184124350548, 0.0031851883977651596, -0.050350215286016464, 0.006725803483277559, -0.0674378052353859, 0.10214577615261078, 0.01799524948000908, 0.025457287207245827, -0.019146034494042397, -0.023624982684850693, 0.058988168835639954, 0.0018840174889191985, -0.0015545006608590484, 0.004237700719386339, -0.04049528017640114, -0.024989739060401917, -0.02642063796520233, 0.004923560190945864, -0.007540744263678789, -0.018181143328547478, 0.006832060869783163, 0.007445447146892548, 0.012366564013063908, 0.0030983234755694866, -0.012483087368309498, -0.0012904468458145857, 0.037163347005844116, -0.057330258190631866, -0.0072149611078202724, 0.00785729382187128, -0.03083781898021698, 0.025245506316423416, -0.06660716235637665, 0.0025496194139122963, -0.05068730190396309, -0.032536014914512634, -0.02585439197719097, -0.03191458433866501, 0.03216877952218056, 0.01860303431749344, 0.05649017542600632, -0.026148894801735878, 0.03990781679749489, -0.0064046005718410015, -0.02924921363592148, 0.0035005188547074795, -0.0031150714494287968, -0.0039542317390441895, -0.01136187557131052, 0.04679137095808983, -0.06438402086496353, -0.023404503241181374, 0.006477829534560442, -0.014718839898705482, -0.02477947063744068, -0.03494137525558472, 0.02478659525513649, -0.005385721102356911, 0.004173753783106804, -0.052346307784318924, 0.06664347648620605, 0.003229073714464903, -0.018153194338083267, -0.009450392797589302, -0.035139039158821106, -0.002954536583274603, 0.05028205364942551, 0.027008943259716034, 0.014677133411169052, 0.005897092632949352, -0.00953592173755169, 0.03643418475985527, -0.03920774534344673, -0.046767622232437134, 0.018658457323908806, 0.019171319901943207, -0.00479171285405755 ]
<p>The equation of motion for the harmonic oscillator (mass on spring model)</p> <p>$$\frac{d^2x}{dt^2} + \omega_0^2 x = 0$$</p> <p>with $\omega_0^2 = D/m$, $D$ and $m$ being the force constant of the spring and the mass, has the solution</p> <p>$$x=ce^{\lambda t}$$</p> <p>where $c$ and $\lambda$ are a constant and a parameter. Inserting $x$ leads to</p> <p>$$\lambda_1 = +i\omega_0$$</p> <p>and</p> <p>$$\lambda_2 = -i\omega_0$$</p> <p>and so the solutions are</p> <p>$$x_1(t) = c_1 e^{i \omega_0 t}$$</p> <p>and</p> <p>$$x_2(t) = c_2 e^{-i \omega_0 t}.$$</p> <p>In my book, I now read "...these solutions are linearly independent for $\omega_0 \neq 0$."</p> <p>What does this mean (i.e. how can I see this) and why is it important?</p>
g4593
[ 0.03232378140091896, 0.012877320870757103, -0.0035788954701274633, 0.00609372416511178, 0.07897055149078369, 0.008449876680970192, 0.04383041337132454, 0.0568995401263237, -0.038594719022512436, -0.004143875557929277, -0.09896977990865707, -0.009517131373286247, 0.04410117492079735, 0.023584071546792984, 0.012577447108924389, -0.02190406061708927, 0.08691740781068802, 0.0003843580198008567, 0.003048242535442114, -0.009896361269056797, 0.006545410957187414, 0.017622927203774452, 0.004041764419525862, -0.020070279017090797, 0.09374967962503433, 0.028066083788871765, 0.01271999254822731, 0.010377715341746807, -0.015399282798171043, -0.013682110235095024, 0.01589505933225155, -0.006398660130798817, 0.06765977293252945, -0.016334107145667076, -0.08822386711835861, -0.027727091684937477, 0.07838591188192368, -0.02598952129483223, 0.03367302194237709, -0.03123764507472515, -0.001919205766171217, -0.016633691266179085, -0.017829792574048042, 0.04233003780245781, 0.0012890984071418643, -0.0035450535360723734, -0.03567442670464516, 0.012297861278057098, -0.04140545800328255, 0.026795074343681335, 0.026294734328985214, 0.0003480637969914824, 0.07001292705535889, -0.04488958418369293, -0.022405631840229034, 0.026920434087514877, 0.01694517582654953, -0.007823068648576736, 0.0320877768099308, 0.03956804424524307, -0.022035473957657814, 0.010020511224865913, 0.0015440760180354118, -0.008251164108514786, -0.0038152129855006933, 0.003427621442824602, 0.02476612478494644, -0.03188552334904671, 0.01028456911444664, -0.031590018421411514, -0.010310279205441475, -0.004499322269111872, -0.010005056858062744, -0.06506769359111786, -0.03240188583731651, 0.020116150379180908, 0.06607481837272644, 0.025925813242793083, -0.02400866523385048, -0.056273773312568665, 0.051467470824718475, 0.017468135803937912, -0.00846770592033863, -0.006836494896560907, 0.045593805611133575, -0.0035594420041888952, -0.006317335646599531, 0.04159553349018097, -0.013589692302048206, 0.06133558228611946, -0.000021809035388287157, -0.06388973444700241, -0.02087434008717537, 0.031582310795784, -0.008499333634972572, -0.06013856828212738, -0.01715829409658909, 0.06461180001497269, 0.018759451806545258, -0.02407987229526043, -0.026530783623456955, 0.019728796556591988, -0.035794686526060104, 0.036725450307130814, -0.004132412374019623, 0.011126184836030006, 0.019681189209222794, 0.05087368190288544, -0.010522762313485146, -0.03929220885038376, -0.02997455559670925, 0.05653032660484314, -0.01354573480784893, -0.02328929491341114, -0.05444519221782684, -0.08926133066415787, 0.057936664670705795, -0.0014318000758066773, 0.0011856198543682694, 0.011230122298002243, -0.022190896794199944, -0.026019323617219925, 0.0720822811126709, 0.07538539916276932, -0.034204259514808655, -0.05489986389875412, 0.07056818902492523, 0.01512499526143074, 0.03472684696316719, -0.03883793205022812, -0.023713624104857445, 0.02327008917927742, 0.024551087990403175, 0.031011322513222694, 0.021512534469366074, 0.07477568089962006, -0.001985712442547083, -0.013682668097317219, 0.00019112168229185045, 0.018914926797151566, 0.0068872240372002125, 0.016192171722650528, 0.02483324334025383, -0.025187205523252487, -0.015864737331867218, 0.027269557118415833, 0.014938551001250744, -0.061942920088768005, 0.00406474806368351, 0.03554781153798103, -0.023629512637853622, 0.048663895577192307, -0.01948523335158825, -0.006421854719519615, 0.010248461738228798, -0.02586214616894722, 0.02517927624285221, -0.007223640568554401, 0.007402657065540552, -0.0016045415541157126, 0.034263383597135544, 0.003028556937351823, 0.021160345524549484, -0.017462771385908127, -0.06215633824467659, 0.02013992890715599, -0.02426605299115181, -0.061743300408124924, 0.01900363340973854, 0.03154650330543518, -0.02300937846302986, 0.021486511453986168, 0.012099218554794788, 0.05115344375371933, 0.041893281042575836, -0.02069501020014286, 0.004100182559341192, -0.0957891047000885, 0.06054697558283806, -0.009898175485432148, 0.07351236045360565, -0.013674309477210045, 0.003929853904992342, -0.04946669936180115, -0.064433753490448, 0.02728937938809395, 0.034986112266778946, 0.05358356609940529, -0.016406169161200523, 0.020708587020635605, -0.01644771359860897, 0.027881138026714325, 0.016623007133603096, 0.07830570638179779, -0.001578108174726367, 0.05681278556585312, -0.046127550303936005, -0.03931901231408119, -0.049784742295742035, 0.004851260222494602, 0.0015272467862814665, 0.049100931733846664, 0.0717848688364029, -0.01793844811618328, -0.01637272536754608, 0.007810390554368496, 0.014914428815245628, 0.01160060428082943, 0.032331351190805435, 0.018390420824289322, -0.020417071878910065, -0.042667798697948456, 0.004544612020254135, 0.00820195209234953, -0.011343885213136673, -0.06710647791624069, 0.012459853664040565, -0.03734226152300835, -0.032183267176151276, 0.030031388625502586, -0.05806737765669823, 0.0009083106415346265, 0.020779943093657494, -0.012253391556441784, -0.08083067834377289, -0.0007087182602845132, -0.04900893568992615, -0.04098855331540108, 0.015441060066223145, 0.02359103038907051, -0.00559669453650713, -0.05540813133120537, 0.02684938535094261, 0.04313206672668457, 0.02094174176454544, 0.0030376112554222345, -0.019685057923197746, -0.023325402289628983, -0.03184332698583603, 0.009863894432783127, 0.05354655161499977, -0.05440441146492958, -0.012258440256118774, -0.08258555829524994, -0.016428399831056595, 0.021067701280117035, 0.05611700192093849, 0.020419679582118988, -0.019997211173176765, 0.007419225759804249, -0.012205618433654308, 0.022667938843369484, -0.005944150499999523, 0.032524775713682175, 0.01485261507332325, -0.030367812141776085, -0.02082071080803871, 0.0054040453396737576, -0.026306195184588432, 0.007541193161159754, -0.025090645998716354, -0.02796243317425251, -0.013606182299554348, 0.02265937626361847, -0.09081859141588211, -0.017746059224009514, -0.05482020229101181, -0.004455985967069864, 0.056922443211078644, -0.03713839501142502, 0.01935260184109211, 0.029050804674625397, -0.033674225211143494, 0.06179039180278778, -0.03046990931034088, -0.0441155768930912, 0.007143703289330006, -0.0029315620195120573, 0.03527690842747688, -0.014781580306589603, 0.026139266788959503, -0.009344230405986309, -0.05602896958589554, 0.006789986044168472, 0.007968395948410034, -0.044298939406871796, -0.06213809922337532, 0.018694039434194565, 0.008928893133997917, -0.02810060605406761, -0.01728232204914093, 0.04667007178068161, 0.017710693180561066, -0.0264881681650877, -0.004113547969609499, 0.08665139228105545, -0.005855313036590815, -0.057844378054142, -0.010679584927856922, 0.08406726270914078, 0.02282925508916378, -0.00031872911495156586, -0.007669662591069937, -0.013616261072456837, -0.030132781714200974, -0.0107130017131567, 0.01612706109881401, -0.015493148006498814, -0.02473548799753189, 0.0045667351223528385, 0.023154592141509056, 0.03610280528664589, 0.046944208443164825, -0.03811591863632202, -0.05528303235769272, 0.02337406761944294, -0.05532316863536835, -0.08936154842376709, -0.012591715902090073, -0.05661769211292267, -0.008856411091983318, -0.08240976929664612, 0.022277792915701866, -0.03009297139942646, -0.0033653706777840853, -0.01976783759891987, 0.016464300453662872, -0.0038380795158445835, -0.0695599839091301, -0.06929337233304977, 0.030236896127462387, 0.012195286341011524, 0.054841551929712296, 0.032671499997377396, -0.03250163048505783, -0.056565072387456894, -0.044783201068639755, 0.06018032133579254, 0.04818086698651314, 0.03341984003782272, 0.01922505348920822, 0.009944816119968891, -0.04819623380899429, 0.04747062176465988, -0.048491548746824265, -0.026977600529789925, -0.015619602054357529, 0.0020550594199448824, 0.05821855366230011, -0.049123309552669525, 0.015426130034029484, -0.010362828150391579, -0.01931055448949337, -0.018196800723671913, -0.01903129369020462, -0.0026891303714364767, 0.028789592906832695, 0.04498296231031418, -0.06499028950929642, 0.02633107826113701, 0.049563005566596985, -0.08052214980125427, 0.019422397017478943, 0.059110868722200394, 0.05192594230175018, -0.015363392420113087, -0.014907204546034336, 0.045102063566446304, -0.03790595754981041, -0.02132127247750759, -0.046666860580444336, -0.030265018343925476, 0.03435816615819931, 0.018900113180279732, 0.06445606797933578, -0.05792475491762161, 0.00630906131118536, 0.054414600133895874, 0.002810274250805378, 0.012247507460415363, 0.05561579018831253, -0.057950399816036224, -0.06735836714506149, -0.013476726599037647, 0.023383621126413345, -0.007955915294587612, 0.03784359246492386, -0.02186891995370388, 0.016660556197166443, -0.055827945470809937, 0.06843273341655731, -0.021917620673775673, -0.027884867042303085, 0.044172145426273346, 0.017132990062236786, 0.004736191593110561, 0.04852788895368576, -0.019592110067605972, -0.04064066335558891, -0.007010527886450291, -0.045037973672151566, -0.04834064096212387, -0.012198958545923233, 0.008278685621917248, -0.0061120688915252686, 0.1075003370642662, 0.013747580349445343, -0.04219374805688858, 0.05743526667356491, -0.017491893842816353, 0.014249751344323158, -0.033889494836330414, -0.02956085279583931, -0.021441835910081863, 0.009091487154364586, -0.004594659898430109, 0.028481926769018173, 0.008450246416032314, -0.015098737552762032, -0.029018564149737358, 0.03054139018058777, -0.010105724446475506, -0.025329886004328728, -0.012277222238481045, 0.015566137619316578, 0.07653386890888214, 0.08980950713157654, 0.013042195700109005, -0.03804296255111694, -0.07126928865909576, -0.03486088663339615, -0.003124843118712306, -0.011848324909806252, 0.00858069397509098, -0.04796434938907623, 0.0911998376250267, 0.020707357674837112, 0.07768958806991577, -0.04896068945527077, 0.009997604414820671, 0.01467177551239729, 0.038086917251348495, 0.018888819962739944, 0.018024777993559837, -0.015583411790430546, 0.018221784383058548, 0.024901505559682846, -0.055495575070381165, -0.027231689542531967, 0.013624289073050022, 0.007497138809412718, 0.014122363179922104, 0.028055818751454353, -0.02686368301510811, 0.02430717833340168, 0.011372401379048824, -0.02233097516000271, 0.0005455134087242186, 0.0018133082194253802, 0.006244794465601444, -0.021352116018533707, -0.07683323323726654, 0.05345914140343666, 0.053220491856336594, 0.03875475376844406, -0.032818738371133804, -0.03875431418418884, -0.014721894636750221, -0.013494255021214485, 0.005542431492358446, 0.028735822066664696, 0.005259676370769739, 0.018439078703522682, 0.0062262555584311485, 0.017788318917155266, -0.029694220051169395, -0.0002836227649822831, -0.04364866390824318, 0.027202609926462173, -0.032747019082307816, -0.01033515203744173, -0.029830191284418106, 0.0026663916651159525, 0.019055193290114403, -0.02756648324429989, 0.010417754761874676, -0.01777270808815956, 0.0000782423812779598, 0.021202458068728447, 0.02956499718129635, 0.0481768436729908, 0.0773053988814354, -0.007744561415165663, 0.015372421592473984, -0.0019984638784080744, 0.035415735095739365, 0.022062579169869423, -0.03545640408992767, 0.009503128007054329, 0.006317661609500647, -0.04002094268798828, -0.002135042566806078, 0.004689963534474373, 0.04158936068415642, -0.018663417547941208, 0.059102267026901245, 0.08446355909109116, 0.023846112191677094, 0.005924718454480171, -0.01277083344757557, 0.02556757815182209, 0.022681090980768204, -0.032064780592918396, 0.04163544625043869, -0.009775104001164436, -0.036181118339300156, 0.008563509210944176, -0.0024723829701542854, -0.03166241943836212, -0.03395521640777588, 0.034790754318237305, -0.06083536893129349, 0.0339169055223465, -0.04111906886100769, 0.04600956290960312, -0.013135474175214767, -0.029997125267982483, -0.03675825893878937, 0.0031697156373411417, 0.03463473543524742, 0.003758376697078347, 0.011551138944923878, 0.0350240059196949, -0.0028168780263513327, 0.06552475690841675, -0.005227458197623491, -0.025821708142757416, -0.009386375546455383, -0.06047553941607475, -0.022511932998895645, -0.055792249739170074, -0.0671355202794075, 0.03259940817952156, 0.041764672845602036, -0.042756225913763046, 0.022707881405949593, 0.0514795258641243, 0.01527256891131401, 0.007361294236034155, -0.040397461503744125, -0.02402261085808277, 0.027629327028989792, -0.00041535988566465676, 0.008326295763254166, -0.01133381575345993, 0.015856465324759483, 0.023619651794433594, 0.007010486908257008, -0.06792372465133667, -0.00005014172347728163, 0.07650117576122284, 0.03854307532310486, -0.005651057232171297, -0.025155017152428627, 0.034301839768886566, -0.008578152395784855, 0.044614579528570175, 0.007568689528852701, 0.024951515719294548, -0.016589965671300888, -0.00391638558357954, 0.06146771460771561, -0.027828123420476913, 0.022825144231319427, -0.032809481024742126, 0.0742030069231987, -0.07466673105955124, -0.023606019094586372, -0.02184981480240822, 0.018352437764406204, -0.04197797551751137, -0.010414601303637028, 0.060630980879068375, -0.04907919093966484, -0.021077081561088562, 0.01816033199429512, -0.05420736223459244, -0.047301750630140305, 0.0668206736445427, -0.011288793757557869, -0.023476937785744667, 0.0039940630085766315, -0.026065627112984657, -0.02360888384282589, 0.02950790524482727, 0.003674930427223444, -0.01902492344379425, -0.0043490007519721985, 0.015804212540388107, 0.0007344026234932244, 0.040436580777168274, 0.004075761418789625, 0.04076757654547691, 0.01630529761314392, 0.0005948447505943477, -0.010399707593023777, -0.01611015386879444, -0.02237151563167572, -0.026913756504654884, 0.010839900933206081, -0.04548099637031555, 0.027174176648259163, 0.0017648821230977774, -0.04406096413731575, 0.01982087269425392, -0.0067467521876096725, -0.040289681404829025, 0.02914791740477085, -0.044897597283124924, 0.025460131466388702, 0.04048852622509003, -0.002664555562660098, 0.04163873568177223, -0.05396374687552452, 0.020215963944792747, 0.02228277549147606, -0.03224506974220276, -0.002817670116201043, 0.007757269311696291, -0.0020314077846705914, -0.0016927350079640746, 0.03387176990509033, -0.04273112490773201, -0.007744743954390287, -0.011624370701611042, 0.001687288167886436, -0.013450386002659798, -0.0034451675601303577, 0.007248260546475649, 0.03521718084812164, -0.016272490844130516, 0.10283106565475464, 0.03105953522026539, -0.026328859850764275, -0.09293483197689056, 0.07850506901741028, 0.07772523164749146, -0.011602530255913734, -0.09650956839323044, -0.006609001196920872, -0.01843666099011898, -0.006812650710344315, -0.0004355515993665904, -0.012652198784053326, 0.03240639343857765, -0.035722848027944565, -0.025893716141581535, 0.00854052696377039, 0.020881379023194313, -0.04546765610575676, -0.053022485226392746, -0.04225829988718033, 0.009820859879255295, 0.010737700387835503, 0.009295253083109856, 0.051597077399492264, 0.042454566806554794, 0.0060860575176775455, 0.02769356593489647, -0.01616141013801098, -0.012556914240121841, 0.010859394446015358, -0.03505935147404671, -0.026878349483013153, 0.008497404865920544, -0.018475836142897606, -0.016736412420868874, 0.022858478128910065, 0.018091414123773575, -0.019619522616267204, 0.015387768857181072, 0.015824871137738228, -0.03974640741944313, -0.0037935569416731596, -0.02772984839975834, 0.03758302330970764, 0.010718435980379581, -0.017179669812321663, -0.01722610928118229, 0.030966775491833687, -0.005438631400465965, 0.060486190021038055, 0.043165747076272964, -0.023794302716851234, -0.046875569969415665, -0.03715825453400612, -0.06519325077533722, 0.05418076366186142, 0.03024096041917801, 0.014200231060385704, 0.009490704163908958, -0.02774566039443016, -0.0025417739525437355, 0.045371755957603455, 0.02489740587770939, 0.007707678247243166, -0.01951567642390728, -0.04658256471157074, 0.02504248358309269, 0.015383725054562092, -0.005477129481732845, -0.03866606578230858, 0.009496882557868958, 0.019137471914291382, 0.00502568855881691, 0.004634763579815626, -0.03186989948153496, 0.08632190525531769, 0.030442869290709496, -0.03413095325231552, -0.03848809748888016, -0.011507331393659115, 0.026123272255063057, -0.0797528475522995, -0.02640477567911148, -0.019652564078569412, -0.018478846177458763, 0.052293505519628525, -0.010062147863209248, -0.023292014375329018, -0.07790467143058777, -0.038228992372751236, -0.007021280936896801, 0.029362007975578308, -0.03426472097635269, -0.009541363455355167, 0.03239072859287262, -0.03010072372853756, -0.02690812572836876, 0.03063734993338585, 0.0310991071164608, -0.12275226414203644, -0.0003149599360767752, 0.02551925554871559, -0.013929886743426323, -0.04650405794382095, -0.050115957856178284, 0.04583254083991051, 0.07275364547967911, -0.05039719119668007, 0.03225613385438919, 0.017858387902379036, -0.008386976085603237, -0.00022555959003511816, 0.012931572273373604, -0.0625929906964302, 0.000525541661772877, -0.021427731961011887, 0.05404333025217056, 0.028071776032447815, -0.0021138268057256937, -0.01461374294012785, -0.008329077623784542, 0.01169461291283369, 0.0027053586672991514, -0.04603840783238411, 0.019287701696157455, 0.04604809358716011 ]
<p>We know that in an isolated system, the density matrix is the microcanonical distribution matrix. That this the possibility for all the states with energy in a certain interval is a constant? But how can I deduce this from the postulate of equal probability? </p>
g4594
[ 0.0015952660469338298, 0.03201396390795708, -0.012510146014392376, 0.0037632642779499292, -0.0124638881534338, -0.012399168685078621, -0.020992854610085487, 0.05237601697444916, -0.024066422134637833, -0.01709500513970852, -0.039914630353450775, -0.005849211476743221, 0.03576182946562767, 0.011726724915206432, -0.013016742654144764, 0.0464753657579422, 0.005571963731199503, 0.0056313141249120235, -0.00529717979952693, 0.004981890320777893, -0.07794871926307678, -0.044404130429029465, -0.008416197262704372, 0.002796334680169821, 0.07641158998012543, -0.01968243531882763, 0.02649390883743763, -0.02412390522658825, -0.02163347229361534, -0.05070403590798378, 0.02686440385878086, -0.027276745066046715, 0.043720558285713196, -0.05376308038830757, -0.002630238188430667, 0.033614955842494965, 0.06623196601867676, -0.02369610406458378, 0.010988805443048477, -0.015080164186656475, -0.03307151049375534, 0.014565791934728622, -0.027660155668854713, -0.007398329209536314, -0.012972651980817318, 0.010761844925582409, 0.02247609943151474, 0.03803924843668938, -0.03932341933250427, -0.020892314612865448, 0.050455980002880096, 0.06401900947093964, 0.03643564134836197, 0.017232395708560944, -0.038956958800554276, 0.036256093531847, 0.03508380427956581, -0.0008656634017825127, 0.04525690898299217, 0.04277109354734421, 0.03366352245211601, -0.05768278241157532, -0.00413171760737896, -0.009389390237629414, 0.06771817803382874, -0.0017277454026043415, -0.04733291640877724, 0.011482888832688332, -0.0533309206366539, -0.005627586506307125, 0.04629208892583847, -0.0816887766122818, 0.00033095813705585897, -0.037326402962207794, -0.01896335743367672, -0.012438111938536167, 0.04570244625210762, 0.026047684252262115, 0.040154263377189636, 0.02279980480670929, -0.030121807008981705, 0.01860899291932583, 0.0460539348423481, -0.0407210998237133, 0.015070178546011448, -0.022728003561496735, 0.06509421020746231, -0.019992783665657043, 0.005093580577522516, 0.027332250028848648, 0.012817628681659698, -0.015852123498916626, 0.07124971598386765, 0.03239022195339203, -0.01034557819366455, -0.020582985132932663, -0.05422757938504219, 0.04483179375529289, -0.046247389167547226, -0.025327691808342934, 0.015076869167387486, 0.013088319450616837, 0.02961784601211548, -0.05825035274028778, 0.009849322959780693, -0.009009161964058876, -0.04590809345245361, -0.035606905817985535, 0.00451096473261714, -0.009235905483365059, -0.028528625145554543, 0.02310303784906864, -0.06776237487792969, -0.00591344153508544, -0.01923234947025776, -0.06532789021730423, 0.09083238244056702, -0.044008802622556686, 0.008288281969726086, 0.03492572158575058, -0.047474414110183716, 0.04080977290868759, 0.015983950346708298, 0.07800980657339096, -0.04519912227988243, 0.01058551948517561, 0.00114461372140795, 0.015605446882545948, -0.07640901207923889, -0.0516524463891983, 0.06380687654018402, -0.005954107269644737, -0.0014484883286058903, -0.011053930036723614, 0.0365263894200325, -0.021139737218618393, -0.02203049510717392, -0.0017810678109526634, -0.005112380255013704, 0.01857987605035305, -0.02007538639008999, 0.05426580458879471, -0.0078488914296031, -0.010494349524378777, -0.012981590814888477, -0.0323668047785759, -0.010217143222689629, -0.027033470571041107, 0.05302700027823448, 0.03393860161304474, 0.012843300588428974, 0.026088768616318703, -0.0315476693212986, -0.03625350445508957, 0.025449402630329132, 0.06388697028160095, -0.0017470051534473896, -0.00036935522803105414, -0.037470296025276184, -0.04246889799833298, 0.022273540496826172, -0.028707675635814667, 0.022476404905319214, -0.009675796143710613, -0.036002740263938904, -0.0188478734344244, 0.048480257391929626, -0.02811286970973015, 0.017898086458444595, -0.02269895188510418, -0.007092377636581659, 0.0026208169292658567, -0.0547771155834198, 0.02506103739142418, 0.009373991750180721, 0.02324717491865158, -0.02827637270092964, -0.08244779706001282, 0.045831967145204544, 0.015400161035358906, 0.04298749193549156, 0.03116406314074993, 0.041779711842536926, -0.04518923535943031, -0.010947882197797298, -0.030776018276810646, 0.024125218391418457, 0.060118451714515686, -0.02110469713807106, 0.006556978914886713, 0.01158622745424509, 0.05449141934514046, -0.019739137962460518, -0.021394478157162666, 0.06573597341775894, -0.02448292449116707, 0.005838803946971893, 0.01811533421278, 0.016866037622094154, -0.03550341725349426, 0.020353298634290695, 0.049982886761426926, 0.046502117067575455, 0.03344692662358284, 0.04141132906079292, 0.04568004980683327, 0.020360112190246582, -0.001444233930669725, 0.01234582718461752, -0.018707383424043655, -0.002873091958463192, -0.048384614288806915, -0.021930526942014694, 0.06713764369487762, -0.029672937467694283, -0.0017246671486645937, 0.0352511890232563, -0.024156957864761353, 0.0015843972796574235, -0.03636713698506355, -0.09256171435117722, 0.01905297115445137, 0.011514286510646343, 0.012655760161578655, 0.004763026721775532, 0.050842128694057465, -0.07469524443149567, 0.0034956252202391624, -0.006288039963692427, 0.04282580316066742, -0.02235664799809456, -0.04570215567946434, -0.01840633898973465, 0.006722339894622564, 0.01799028366804123, 0.0736774206161499, 0.011012832634150982, -0.03030451387166977, 0.015698565170168877, 0.040408939123153687, 0.010048400610685349, -0.06985420733690262, -0.0005660320748575032, 0.0448201522231102, -0.016659826040267944, -0.021336903795599937, 0.008757226169109344, -0.00444690091535449, 0.04926447197794914, 0.030464282259345055, -0.023127345368266106, 0.050989896059036255, -0.015379974618554115, 0.024432722479104996, -0.012700424529612064, -0.041193339973688126, 0.0058254944160580635, -0.012985436245799065, 0.02273816242814064, -0.08374108374118805, 0.008757990784943104, -0.01763465441763401, 0.0017740324838086963, -0.04237791523337364, -0.0313381589949131, -0.00779033824801445, -0.03625193610787392, -0.005153471603989601, -0.03230758383870125, 0.009553050622344017, 0.019248951226472855, 0.07237432152032852, 0.020887533202767372, 0.08982758224010468, 0.011273753829300404, 0.06546028703451157, 0.006773531902581453, -0.06419701874256134, -0.015286549925804138, 0.0009920409647747874, -0.07045882940292358, 0.009421337395906448, -0.004597227554768324, 0.005886733997613192, 0.03933418542146683, -0.05905115604400635, 0.02721736766397953, 0.008224917575716972, 0.01489632111042738, -0.014943757094442844, 0.014819728210568428, 0.05352828651666641, -0.006743591278791428, 0.049217622727155685, -0.05096299946308136, 0.01826484128832817, 0.029987599700689316, -0.015881281346082687, -0.012077086605131626, 0.07055230438709259, -0.01849021203815937, -0.008037572726607323, 0.02662629261612892, -0.047183889895677567, 0.023936154320836067, 0.013873592019081116, -0.028378427028656006, 0.027904652059078217, -0.0030472762882709503, -0.03151717782020569, -0.04775078222155571, -0.028215039521455765, 0.004579298198223114, -0.012241318821907043, -0.04019884765148163, 0.08350633084774017, 0.014934197999536991, -0.017279120162129402, 0.06034059077501297, -0.09688835591077805, -0.005752728786319494, 0.004015106242150068, -0.00981306005269289, 0.026174873113632202, -0.008252258412539959, -0.018819373100996017, -0.08521607518196106, -0.0013329369248822331, -0.06221868470311165, 0.0271376371383667, 0.012482322752475739, -0.02343723177909851, 0.010157130658626556, 0.021754952147603035, -0.05766528844833374, -0.05152969807386398, -0.06327936053276062, -0.012216480448842049, 0.027424979954957962, 0.03988885134458542, -0.02380291000008583, 0.021917611360549927, -0.055795520544052124, 0.006494459230452776, -0.03198837488889694, 0.011878341436386108, -0.04453074932098389, 0.015058535151183605, 0.057657744735479355, 0.008210934698581696, -0.008737093769013882, -0.047751907259225845, 0.06445887684822083, 0.005370814353227615, 0.003155616344884038, 0.026497971266508102, -0.017729392275214195, -0.007366251200437546, 0.030624164268374443, 0.009794938378036022, 0.006817829795181751, -0.08826345950365067, 0.08074969053268433, -0.019537223502993584, 0.02356072887778282, -0.020067384466528893, -0.07802728563547134, 0.03533709794282913, 0.06249881163239479, 0.025205079466104507, -0.010633849538862705, -0.008580013178288937, 0.0367145799100399, 0.0022922642529010773, 0.03413846343755722, -0.043772079050540924, 0.04220743477344513, -0.0059170047752559185, -0.036433134227991104, 0.03778695687651634, 0.0741288959980011, 0.003616473637521267, 0.01397235319018364, -0.001147194649092853, 0.03662342578172684, 0.013337398879230022, -0.039526842534542084, 0.032735053449869156, -0.004142535850405693, -0.028242366388440132, 0.012961956672370434, -0.07390724867582321, -0.04254438728094101, 0.04704802855849266, -0.02907579392194748, 0.03213409706950188, 0.016280172392725945, -0.0239485502243042, -0.017463358119130135, 0.07563619315624237, 0.0034805284813046455, -0.04459555074572563, -0.005974714644253254, -0.0235445573925972, 0.027643445879220963, 0.02664017304778099, 0.0402882844209671, 0.015425934456288815, 0.02757457084953785, -0.02778530865907669, 0.00760653056204319, -0.004745262209326029, 0.08690746128559113, -0.05392276123166084, -0.03387078642845154, -0.004743907600641251, 0.09508271515369415, -0.03467566892504692, 0.02974206767976284, 0.02628374472260475, -0.027954453602433205, 0.040861841291189194, -0.071906678378582, -0.003885336220264435, 0.02684820629656315, 0.037142496556043625, 0.05383399873971939, 0.03155556321144104, -0.054909322410821915, -0.03403515741229057, 0.027658311650156975, -0.00850099977105856, 0.009902939200401306, -0.005067037884145975, -0.04805637151002884, -0.04901810735464096, -0.09798946231603622, 0.009606404229998589, -0.006921859923750162, -0.0006165536469779909, 0.00041326432256028056, 0.0106046162545681, 0.025999119505286217, 0.04677758365869522, 0.06333057582378387, 0.027625637128949165, 0.02702266164124012, -0.027483360841870308, -0.013339648023247719, -0.04511803388595581, 0.03925447538495064, -0.025464892387390137, -0.005970473401248455, -0.03858685865998268, 0.0141163170337677, -0.034641627222299576, -0.04115024209022522, 0.019748788326978683, 0.04286561533808708, 0.056000590324401855, 0.0017579803243279457, 0.029044371098279953, -0.002590864198282361, -0.002995346672832966, 0.04954838007688522, 0.014291581697762012, -0.06265228986740112, 0.0655411034822464, -0.041529178619384766, 0.03827532008290291, 0.026564957574009895, 0.033384449779987335, 0.03762517496943474, -0.03390610218048096, -0.01984732411801815, -0.018290335312485695, -0.034847553819417953, -0.008383268490433693, 0.055432748049497604, 0.029988383874297142, -0.01566634699702263, 0.034879762679338455, -0.03208943456411362, 0.022567791864275932, 0.059629857540130615, 0.022559599950909615, -0.02936544083058834, -0.01895892061293125, -0.03476177901029587, -0.05287745222449303, 0.023760158568620682, 0.03219159319996834, -0.009937919676303864, 0.0732145830988884, 0.059655070304870605, -0.06365408003330231, 0.016663743183016777, -0.06470509618520737, 0.013558859936892986, 0.01993156410753727, -0.028904154896736145, 0.010109431110322475, -0.004282030276954174, 0.02275143936276436, 0.005387411452829838, 0.01888735219836235, 0.03768128156661987, -0.028071414679288864, 0.018569214269518852, 0.026640037074685097, -0.01712869480252266, 0.018825730308890343, -0.01515241339802742, 0.05329107865691185, 0.013415398076176643, -0.048840828239917755, -0.017970727756619453, 0.0019708157051354647, -0.0482809841632843, -0.02147095277905464, 0.06462188065052032, -0.014195413328707218, 0.03702981770038605, -0.05491238087415695, 0.010449811816215515, -0.05745479837059975, -0.07495104521512985, -0.0286466795951128, -0.026547949761152267, 0.005568339489400387, -0.03146662190556526, 0.032776255160570145, -0.016560900956392288, -0.00907024648040533, 0.024378377944231033, -0.04525577649474144, -0.03940384089946747, 0.03625648096203804, 0.04351753368973732, 0.033333130180835724, -0.005565250758081675, -0.10765385627746582, -0.027583343908190727, -0.028133071959018707, -0.005533692426979542, -0.005596152041107416, -0.07239463925361633, 0.013069908134639263, 0.020532608032226562, -0.040064964443445206, -0.043428607285022736, 0.035462796688079834, -0.03576770797371864, -0.04580572247505188, -0.008745419792830944, 0.026399211958050728, -0.00737000722438097, 0.06334598362445831, -0.013102059252560139, 0.08216702938079834, 0.05677260085940361, 0.05935632437467575, 0.005106572061777115, -0.0020411270670592785, -0.008719257079064846, -0.06656766682863235, -0.008101644925773144, 0.006879478693008423, -0.018244542181491852, 0.009321148507297039, 0.05748768523335457, -0.04103551432490349, 0.04378277063369751, 0.010210102424025536, 0.04957333207130432, -0.0522984080016613, -0.010409926995635033, 0.01769520901143551, -0.010506569407880306, 0.01600908860564232, -0.0595015250146389, -0.03507426008582115, 0.00788206048309803, 0.008164359256625175, -0.040693506598472595, 0.06637214124202728, -0.02573711983859539, -0.08951690793037415, -0.002088116016238928, -0.02284749038517475, -0.015664344653487206, -0.04699285328388214, -0.04093519598245621, 0.030548211187124252, -0.037944164127111435, 0.024356966838240623, -0.03217701613903046, 0.02200920693576336, -0.028628287836909294, 0.005083419382572174, 0.01850629597902298, -0.04424026980996132, -0.013141199015080929, -0.06897050142288208, -0.011947895400226116, 0.0359102226793766, -0.03816155344247818, 0.030457105487585068, -0.020696625113487244, 0.0005454971105791628, -0.05224992334842682, 0.05160955712199211, 0.017979465425014496, -0.03450620919466019, -0.0030858663376420736, -0.022216880694031715, -0.05383187532424927, 0.041825320571660995, -0.06498492509126663, 0.0278102308511734, 0.0371595062315464, 0.01588241383433342, -0.04351646080613136, -0.1063435897231102, 0.07148408144712448, 0.02673325315117836, -0.0347941629588604, -0.0422392264008522, 0.03911799564957619, 0.053341761231422424, 0.0010934085585176945, 0.011305860243737698, 0.026692112907767296, 0.027511416003108025, -0.025100892409682274, 0.030542705208063126, -0.07034889608621597, 0.005326340906322002, 0.0739530622959137, -0.03650326281785965, -0.016696615144610405, 0.056314971297979355, -0.015134812332689762, 0.023318065330386162, 0.03626883402466774, 0.051426827907562256, 0.035023678094148636, -0.029476750642061234, 0.044884707778692245, -0.0014599463902413845, 0.0496860146522522, 0.008683586493134499, -0.01242621336132288, -0.005814781412482262, -0.014050018042325974, 0.06850894540548325, 0.01814059168100357, -0.042975395917892456, 0.044549793004989624, -0.04067465290427208, -0.005415130406618118, -0.01499317679554224, -0.00012240977957844734, -0.0174977146089077, 0.0032118659000843763, 0.0490167997777462, 0.02517041750252247, -0.041506193578243256, -0.03918800130486488, -0.0410810224711895, 0.030217455700039864, -0.01530204713344574, -0.03601856902241707, -0.007026149891316891, -0.02306872420012951, -0.0021349710877984762, -0.005231039132922888, 0.02052570879459381, 0.018840115517377853, -0.006661695893853903, -0.026151102036237717, 0.003967650234699249, 0.014151880517601967, 0.014520124532282352, 0.028371434658765793, 0.025424117222428322, -0.052674971520900726, -0.04798600822687149, -0.017493003979325294, 0.01775657758116722, -0.014915408566594124, -0.021946679800748825, 0.03073541820049286, 0.007843676954507828, 0.009031737223267555, 0.012165568768978119, 0.010328635573387146, 0.02025098167359829, 0.022141674533486366, -0.009867295622825623, -0.036825139075517654, 0.010663452558219433, -0.0046344175934791565, 0.022538715973496437, -0.005196999758481979, -0.03831354156136513, -0.037587691098451614, 0.028247255831956863, -0.0168770644813776, -0.015514093451201916, 0.04886001721024513, -0.02629680000245571, -0.06493216753005981, -0.005722634959965944, 0.018331965431571007, -0.028151048347353935, -0.06956320255994797, 0.016995204612612724, 0.015033192932605743, -0.00991485919803381, -0.026698391884565353, -0.023667041212320328, 0.0033881182316690683, -0.027061806991696358, -0.004808838479220867, -0.05192071944475174, -0.026284627616405487, 0.04756073281168938, 0.01104906015098095, -0.0016272006323561072, -0.022977981716394424, -0.018914617598056793, 0.010394643992185593, -0.0140791404992342, -0.02925601229071617, 0.021050214767456055, 0.06142009422183037, 0.0028795551043003798, -0.0010249126935377717, 0.01398546900600195, -0.07902316004037857, -0.0017797015607357025, 0.06514889001846313, 0.0039839185774326324, 0.06386817991733551, 0.011751490645110607, -0.05567144975066185, -0.006615293677896261, 0.04732174798846245, -0.008657506667077541, -0.05822652205824852, -0.07437878847122192, 0.0019211783073842525, 0.033950116485357285, 0.03144529461860657, -0.05311952158808708, 0.05575237050652504, -0.01794438809156418, 0.003988863900303841, 0.005179914180189371, -0.012650116346776485, -0.013569600880146027, 0.004762905649840832, -0.0032556706573814154, -0.004203252028673887, 0.020722972229123116, 0.022674789652228355, 0.01435853447765112 ]
<p>I am trying to the calculate the link budget for link between a ground station on Earth (with a particular latitude and longitude) and a rover at a particular location on the surface of Mars, either directly or through a satellite on Mars. Now, if I need to determine the link availability between the rover and the ground station, the first step is to determine weather I have a line of sight between the ground station and the rover.</p> <p>For this, the first step is to determine whether Mars is above our horizon or not and if so, for how long. This can be easily done using packages such as PyEphem or Novas.</p> <p>The next step would be to determine if the rover is actually facing Earth or is on the other side of Mars. It is this second step that I need to determine with reasonable accuracy, but have not been able to figure out how to so far.</p> <p>Later on I would need to include the satellites in the link path as well, but for now, I need to determine if I can get a straight line of sight communication between the rover on Mars and ground station on Earth.</p> <p>Any sort of help will be appreciated.</p>
g4595
[ 0.013423926196992397, 0.0003315807553008199, -0.004781728144735098, -0.027358848601579666, -0.022759700194001198, 0.00011296835145913064, -0.02474738098680973, -0.020915554836392403, -0.013107760809361935, -0.03895753249526024, 0.03671178221702576, 0.02150682546198368, 0.009607621468603611, 0.019922953099012375, -0.007940148003399372, 0.04795507341623306, 0.03696727007627487, -0.015993310138583183, 0.023809397593140602, 0.011695495806634426, 0.0694003477692604, 0.06675981730222702, -0.0032758305314928293, 0.0021222317591309547, -0.05352192372083664, -0.06686010956764221, -0.015787070617079735, 0.020963067188858986, -0.0728711187839508, 0.012968277558684349, -0.05414693430066109, -0.010775801725685596, 0.05851464346051216, -0.019785182550549507, -0.03441770374774933, 0.029219862073659897, 0.013958223164081573, 0.008442377671599388, -0.04343516752123833, -0.015291805379092693, 0.008730855770409107, -0.04185283184051514, -0.04636185243725777, 0.046737223863601685, 0.04366098716855049, -0.012296504341065884, -0.03166557475924492, -0.023038458079099655, 0.04995524510741234, -0.027277402579784393, -0.05404236167669296, 0.08081772178411484, -0.03999733552336693, 0.04721350595355034, -0.030119510367512703, 0.007078142836689949, 0.04856047034263611, -0.015193900093436241, 0.08852376788854599, -0.03687248378992081, 0.03161938115954399, -0.019619982689619064, 0.007960524410009384, -0.06519507616758347, 0.059817273169755936, 0.024876216426491737, -0.008375059813261032, -0.04406215250492096, -0.026005007326602936, -0.020963849499821663, -0.01584434136748314, 0.00502378772944212, -0.014072434045374393, -0.025520669296383858, -0.01956065557897091, 0.0038916333578526974, 0.010610670782625675, 0.012986932881176472, 0.021030202507972717, 0.0512055903673172, 0.07149335741996765, 0.0018370378529652953, -0.013189130462706089, 0.061354100704193115, 0.09915236383676529, -0.00018097431166097522, -0.012151631526648998, -0.011008457280695438, -0.01894952915608883, 0.019733022898435593, -0.05878959596157074, 0.03765840083360672, -0.0061826929450035095, 0.06463229656219482, -0.029832854866981506, -0.01989484578371048, -0.03726116940379143, 0.0015860761050134897, 0.050113245844841, -0.0319383479654789, -0.03193383291363716, 0.017627589404582977, 0.0007642710697837174, 0.006222868338227272, -0.025127185508608818, 0.02098817564547062, -0.04575246945023537, 0.022398531436920166, -0.03810524567961693, -0.05885271728038788, 0.008345527574419975, -0.038218557834625244, -0.017798878252506256, 0.004382311832159758, 0.02468922734260559, -0.06215156242251396, 0.03496994078159332, 0.0045259445905685425, 0.08243916183710098, -0.03698272630572319, -0.0511845126748085, 0.028337905183434486, -0.019061051309108734, 0.031246811151504517, 0.009728832170367241, -0.025033416226506233, -0.010531395673751831, 0.007220908999443054, 0.05284624174237251, 0.05793488398194313, -0.019500570371747017, -0.016169393435120583, 0.03995933756232262, -0.023433512076735497, -0.007716816384345293, -0.025095194578170776, 0.031470417976379395, -0.020459258928894997, -0.03246412053704262, 0.024071799591183662, -0.0380842424929142, -0.037612225860357285, 0.023000281304121017, -0.031235001981258392, -0.05567776411771774, 0.039475638419389725, 0.05415729060769081, -0.028424052521586418, 0.0038944382686167955, 0.016515040770173073, 0.022539230063557625, 0.0250654648989439, -0.0013184811687096953, 0.06655018776655197, 0.03865472972393036, -0.03245030716061592, -0.013476633466780186, -0.007070817053318024, 0.02123279869556427, 0.02479005791246891, 0.006868279073387384, -0.017113177105784416, -0.04686938226222992, 0.012802218087017536, -0.0074725039303302765, -0.016090964898467064, -0.02361593209207058, -0.05672689899802208, -0.02950054034590721, -0.013283847831189632, 0.014714736491441727, -0.0023099719546735287, 0.061013251543045044, 0.06632798165082932, 0.012222557328641415, 0.02410978265106678, 0.05225240811705589, -0.011697445996105671, 0.014744496904313564, 0.04576892778277397, 0.08894380182027817, -0.031068451702594757, 0.008596089668571949, 0.06857439875602722, -0.03943300619721413, 0.01306129153817892, 0.03954330459237099, -0.04954680800437927, -0.06346672028303146, 0.00906753446906805, -0.071181520819664, -0.016034556552767754, -0.018600396811962128, -0.03845537453889847, -0.009313207119703293, -0.026429014280438423, 0.08013094216585159, -0.006632170174270868, 0.000368227600120008, 0.015421333722770214, 0.017537280917167664, 0.06042029336094856, -0.024017253890633583, 0.0617598295211792, 0.008113792166113853, -0.014824737794697285, 0.02174762263894081, -0.01807469129562378, 0.004843234550207853, 0.0055180503986775875, -0.024316323921084404, -0.05307925119996071, -0.001083353185094893, 0.02830028161406517, 0.016853151842951775, -0.0038877567276358604, 0.00831480324268341, -0.01385528314858675, -0.0342998243868351, -0.028311964124441147, -0.00034349170164205134, -0.0061029852367937565, 0.03630779683589935, -0.004002207424491644, -0.013055531308054924, 0.00870970357209444, 0.025551848113536835, 0.02832634560763836, 0.04743745177984238, 0.008872659876942635, 0.04535524174571037, -0.010231287218630314, -0.052461955696344376, -0.019639965146780014, 0.016624702140688896, 0.01920272409915924, 0.028491472825407982, -0.03622753918170929, 0.028638554736971855, 0.040988653898239136, 0.012471875175833702, -0.0199994295835495, -0.0005189134390093386, 0.01916402578353882, 0.05059116333723068, -0.0009683441603556275, 0.07037938386201859, 0.006197638344019651, 0.007654523942619562, 0.03355229273438454, 0.04000139608979225, 0.03288070112466812, 0.017159128561615944, 0.019752642139792442, -0.011697884649038315, 0.010051537305116653, 0.017555944621562958, 0.013325050473213196, -0.035398174077272415, -0.03556186705827713, -0.050820618867874146, -0.05244176462292671, 0.030966931954026222, 0.0070955147966742516, -0.013225175440311432, 0.03827029839158058, -0.020609276369214058, 0.025260740891098976, -0.007986418902873993, -0.03737033158540726, -0.014005080796778202, 0.03628290444612503, 0.028463484719395638, 0.0047822557389736176, -0.02841988019645214, -0.03162107989192009, 0.03894006833434105, 0.011713540181517601, -0.010931944474577904, 0.059882428497076035, 0.03930804878473282, -0.04242897778749466, 0.022579995915293694, 0.06498449295759201, 0.018337290734052658, 0.03782767802476883, 0.014892888255417347, 0.0614297017455101, 0.00856194831430912, -0.0012424503220245242, -0.009895898401737213, -0.009459135122597218, -0.011929627507925034, -0.01631719060242176, -0.020759467035531998, -0.02793458104133606, 0.028990747407078743, 0.032430365681648254, 0.02272498607635498, -0.026452917605638504, 0.0373213067650795, 0.024464618414640427, 0.047350890934467316, -0.010033528320491314, 0.013398943468928337, -0.05571458488702774, 0.026637814939022064, -0.0125082116574049, -0.002943300409242511, -0.031711261719465256, -0.031629111617803574, 0.012549188919365406, 0.030836189165711403, -0.07240262627601624, 0.029411382973194122, -0.017257193103432655, -0.014845948666334152, -0.015335933305323124, -0.05992396920919418, 0.06405489891767502, -0.0038351474795490503, -0.03597645089030266, -0.039551593363285065, -0.019950546324253082, -0.004209400620311499, 0.042800601571798325, -0.074536994099617, -0.013243050314486027, -0.045229438692331314, 0.022751282900571823, -0.009087377227842808, 0.049752648919820786, 0.0017047022702172399, -0.050514720380306244, -0.003214985830709338, 0.038049016147851944, 0.0008217808790504932, 0.017412588000297546, -0.01699071377515793, 0.07193874567747116, 0.000521540641784668, 0.03379176929593086, -0.059230029582977295, -0.009803321212530136, 0.005715150386095047, 0.003851839806884527, -0.05205297842621803, 0.013721417635679245, -0.05014993995428085, -0.010933949612081051, 0.03157132863998413, 0.010633879341185093, -0.01918184757232666, -0.03350270166993141, 0.021714424714446068, 0.06898025423288345, -0.03514419123530388, -0.0011211569653823972, -0.043391790241003036, 0.02527497708797455, 0.032887592911720276, 0.02318098023533821, -0.005251411814242601, -0.016241975128650665, 0.009750258177518845, -0.04284125193953514, 0.027058515697717667, -0.005142254754900932, 0.009938925504684448, -0.051878735423088074, 0.10881374776363373, 0.018385980278253555, -0.03106553480029106, -0.008326365612447262, -0.01156193483620882, -0.00040786960744298995, 0.046124618500471115, -0.06548848003149033, -0.011570155620574951, 0.09503264725208282, -0.031627241522073746, 0.05237853154540062, 0.014962754212319851, 0.06865774840116501, 0.05537573620676994, -0.07015476375818253, -0.02950727939605713, 0.007062962278723717, 0.05198323354125023, 0.01614682748913765, -0.013106297701597214, -0.10893391072750092, -0.02862151898443699, 0.019076043739914894, 0.0008616195991635323, 0.03435204550623894, -0.0033499393612146378, 0.01120261661708355, 0.0371895506978035, 0.075616754591465, 0.02197032794356346, 0.01563933864235878, 0.04163757711648941, 0.009365306235849857, -0.06361215561628342, -0.013909165747463703, -0.042261045426130295, -0.01109868660569191, -0.017051568254828453, 0.04250209406018257, 0.04895393177866936, 0.04739655554294586, -0.007330924738198519, 0.005558548495173454, 0.05006397143006325, 0.00756303733214736, -0.010517057031393051, -0.0711609274148941, 0.043432723730802536, -0.02947990410029888, -0.08629642426967621, 0.01460486650466919, -0.020197659730911255, -0.07231827825307846, 0.00766175240278244, 0.07544799894094467, -0.016212474554777145, -0.02162146382033825, 0.00018660363275557756, 0.06745629012584686, -0.027647491544485092, 0.06518823653459549, -0.030109256505966187, -0.01812044344842434, -0.06133899837732315, 0.0605800524353981, -0.014421389438211918, -0.04406214505434036, -0.018612714484333992, -0.0032584485597908497, -0.0425630584359169, -0.0023866118863224983, -0.003302179044112563, -0.006746896542608738, -0.027147941291332245, 0.04105628654360771, -0.027253402397036552, -0.02768811769783497, -0.022129934281110764, -0.05072515457868576, 0.0022201980464160442, -0.01611725054681301, -0.0009996048174798489, 0.014474050141870975, -0.035022154450416565, 0.009962859563529491, -0.039508119225502014, 0.011095020920038223, 0.036386001855134964, 0.008296690881252289, 0.016998961567878723, 0.02597305178642273, -0.01556321419775486, 0.018280059099197388, 0.0065903495997190475, -0.023651449009776115, -0.013204153627157211, -0.023532021790742874, 0.004691019654273987, 0.03554968535900116, 0.0007271064096130431, -0.003371897619217634, 0.013564426451921463, 0.028168166056275368, -0.0539800263941288, 0.0036210007965564728, -0.04345129430294037, -0.015625907108187675, 0.025557801127433777, -0.009928328916430473, -0.040403399616479874, 0.06162143126130104, -0.0058798519894480705, 0.015765585005283356, -0.03794446960091591, 0.035368748009204865, -0.018462758511304855, -0.019388090819120407, -0.008064433000981808, -0.022046301513910294, 0.04318416118621826, -0.08084467798471451, -0.04195920377969742, -0.029252145439386368, -0.03458843007683754, -0.02032821998000145, 0.01239765714854002, -0.025618743151426315, 0.04122156277298927, 0.024139411747455597, 0.037819184362888336, -0.031113581731915474, -0.017641382291913033, 0.052476122975349426, 0.03011956252157688, 0.002315840218216181, -0.004444061312824488, -0.013833719305694103, 0.03806105628609657, -0.0016035476000979543, 0.035375673323869705, 0.015043548308312893, -0.022444652393460274, -0.02069992758333683, -0.048667244613170624, -0.04486462473869324, 0.030727338045835495, 0.021727722138166428, -0.05229777470231056, 0.039579834789037704, 0.013012738898396492, 0.009590765461325645, 0.02733641490340233, 0.0004009240074083209, -0.05802043899893761, -0.08293585479259491, -0.02676420658826828, 0.03479550778865814, -0.03719459846615791, -0.019573530182242393, 0.013102744705975056, 0.011938551440834999, -0.00868749339133501, 0.02236897312104702, 0.047960393130779266, -0.04468059539794922, 0.009034601971507072, -0.021319322288036346, -0.0009398245601914823, -0.06764539331197739, -0.03374502807855606, 0.019438400864601135, 0.08084895461797714, 0.0516875758767128, 0.00038593538920395076, -0.005556057207286358, 0.005631219130009413, 0.02188597060739994, 0.025336911901831627, -0.041402481496334076, 0.029264304786920547, 0.0006034125690348446, -0.029476700350642204, 0.025478292256593704, 0.0033939885906875134, -0.051816411316394806, -0.049421850591897964, 0.005745787173509598, -0.027148867025971413, 0.01558621320873499, 0.06995034962892532, -0.04993928596377373, -0.04787065461277962, 0.026409806683659554, -0.03678148239850998, 0.041609130799770355, -0.03924427181482315, 0.0013025766238570213, 0.008020520210266113, -0.00460636243224144, -0.0063545433804392815, -0.10016293823719025, -0.08939765393733978, -0.035031452775001526, 0.035485681146383286, 0.026810118928551674, -0.02993040531873703, 0.02296929992735386, -0.006670620758086443, 0.04139339178800583, 0.00463111512362957, 0.025101928040385246, 0.0006304378039203584, -0.031786587089300156, 0.000050905080570373684, 0.03490113839507103, -0.09237387776374817, -0.031927790492773056, -0.029223289340734482, -0.022420590743422508, -0.01651631109416485, -0.015833288431167603, -0.009415135718882084, -0.07035912573337555, -0.044261056929826736, -0.08887390047311783, -0.026789383962750435, 0.0043153236620128155, 0.04086080566048622, 0.04831080511212349, -0.001639254274778068, -0.04381071776151657, 0.11182866990566254, -0.0038066550623625517, 0.03412877395749092, -0.005228171590715647, 0.04496091604232788, 0.04882979393005371, 0.013605152256786823, -0.05163620784878731, 0.031047118827700615, 0.015744535252451897, 0.03792962804436684, 0.07759850472211838, 0.01502854935824871, 0.02235013246536255, 0.009661673568189144, 0.0523800402879715, -0.057123709470033646, -0.04514060914516449, 0.009098675101995468, 0.012036026455461979, -0.013478647917509079, -0.006716910284012556, 0.01676817052066326, 0.02999153360724449, 0.04332886263728142, 0.00039429491152986884, 0.05358434095978737, -0.031200457364320755, 0.044288281351327896, -0.05255245789885521, 0.0012452627997845411, -0.03026147559285164, 0.014549030922353268, 0.03300648182630539, -0.013296536169946194, 0.0028239269740879536, -0.031807590276002884, 0.13053639233112335, 0.022350437939167023, -0.04045240581035614, -0.021891864016652107, 0.03520820662379265, -0.0037162615917623043, -0.09976249933242798, -0.04005882143974304, -0.031329959630966187, -0.07442282140254974, 0.034891173243522644, 0.04634875804185867, -0.016599873080849648, 0.03564270958304405, -0.005940225441008806, 0.023151200264692307, 0.07856451719999313, -0.003742536297068, -0.007525252178311348, 0.026365365833044052, -0.056431788951158524, 0.013033437542617321, -0.0026766462251544, -0.04749961197376251, 0.007799617014825344, 0.01590047776699066, 0.0262036994099617, -0.016663219779729843, -0.0024980397429317236, -0.013395136222243309, -0.030122991651296616, -0.005274306982755661, -0.0146021144464612, -0.003133960533887148, 0.020819811150431633, -0.03451690822839737, 0.007534288335591555, 0.018813999369740486, -0.0016637934604659677, -0.048753805458545685, -0.014130470342934132, -0.008415129035711288, -0.03570599481463432, -0.010513699613511562, 0.021644262596964836, 0.0009726318530738354, 0.018313108012080193, 0.026409240439534187, -0.037286918610334396, -0.02658878266811371, -0.010246426798403263, -0.017243986949324608, 0.04835629463195801, -0.0073414938524365425, -0.053997866809368134, -0.020859716460108757, -0.008687403053045273, 0.033692993223667145, -0.014026830904185772, 0.06410112231969833, 0.033190637826919556, 0.023343294858932495, 0.021224092692136765, 0.010975739918649197, 0.012840904295444489, 0.027395524084568024, -0.016390817239880562, 0.020428672432899475, -0.004505333490669727, -0.03829701989889145, -0.03331245109438896, 0.06648418307304382, 0.010389000177383423, -0.04486075043678284, 0.06283371895551682, -0.08873813599348068, 0.00868110079318285, 0.06639263778924942, 0.03585400432348251, -0.009853356517851353, -0.003277083160355687, -0.000734237371943891, -0.03706074878573418, 0.0249576848000288, -0.05332706868648529, -0.09648916870355606, 0.00026119602262042463, -0.026265770196914673, -0.01788407377898693, 0.03502562642097473, -0.037161510437726974, 0.03937283158302307, 0.00916100200265646, 0.017541779205203056, -0.0305656548589468, 0.01534451823681593, -0.006260592024773359, -0.015148470178246498, -0.061674341559410095, -0.06637938320636749, 0.009365183301270008, -0.03792383894324303, -0.07206720113754272, -0.019462568685412407, -0.016064461320638657, 0.005672869738191366, -0.0009065284393727779, 0.05794002115726471, 0.033752888441085815, 0.05217480659484863, 0.011258190497756004, -0.0067348601296544075, 0.07395768165588379, 0.04017873853445053, -0.01695639081299305, -0.03914470970630646, -0.030628109350800514, -0.0854199007153511, -0.03587205708026886, -0.06267301738262177, 0.0057131401263177395, 0.010660861618816853, -0.020317036658525467, 0.003914427012205124, -0.013859323225915432, 0.008147832937538624, 0.04225769639015198, -0.038032613694667816, 0.007918166927993298 ]
<p>When working with Bose-Einstein condensates trapped in potentials, how can one tell what the density of state of a system of identical bosons given the Hamiltonian, $H$? (I have been told that it is possible.)</p> <p>Suppose the Hamiltonian is some 2D harmonic oscillator -- so $$H=p^2/2m+(1/2)(a^2x^2+b^2y^2) \quad ?$$</p> <p>I think there is some general formula, something like $$\rho(E)=[gV_dS_dp^{d-1}/(2\pi\hbar)^{d}] (dp/dE) \quad ,$$ where $d$ is the dimension of the space we are working in, $g=2s+1$ where $s$ is the spin of the particles and $V_d$ is the $d-$dimensional "volume", so for a fixed volume box, this is the volume of the box.</p> <p>But what is $V_d$ in this case? And is $p$ simply $$p^2=2m[E-(1/2)(a^2x^2+b^2y^2)] \quad ?$$</p>
g4596
[ -0.017150189727544785, 0.02793254889547825, -0.0023576109670102596, -0.048598188906908035, 0.028109045699238777, -0.030583612620830536, 0.046835124492645264, -0.030170761048793793, -0.031633082777261734, 0.017691772431135178, -0.007699829526245594, 0.03813423588871956, -0.004564010538160801, -0.0021991112735122442, 0.047207556664943695, 0.02308519184589386, 0.015059106983244419, -0.011212462559342384, -0.022265620529651642, -0.07645966857671738, -0.031692489981651306, -0.028364496305584908, 0.006139103323221207, 0.012953815050423145, 0.01643734984099865, -0.016458449885249138, -0.019077053293585777, -0.008831286802887917, -0.02657717652618885, -0.01092053484171629, -0.06464230269193649, 0.005682791583240032, 0.054365068674087524, -0.035479240119457245, -0.010229098610579967, 0.011184902861714363, 0.07495377957820892, -0.034832634031772614, 0.032552409917116165, -0.0015144129283726215, 0.0031896710861474276, -0.06347908079624176, 0.006744085811078548, -0.010507894679903984, -0.042463719844818115, 0.003600764088332653, 0.0032356788869947195, 0.016836348921060562, -0.03566471114754677, -0.0022872244007885456, 0.01879514753818512, 0.05532417446374893, 0.01502257026731968, 0.03261534497141838, 0.014272940345108509, 0.022033605724573135, -0.00931193120777607, -0.031294915825128555, 0.034635767340660095, 0.031951192766427994, -0.0071811615489423275, 0.005660222843289375, -0.001296922448091209, 0.04903149604797363, 0.07051876932382584, 0.019202696159482002, -0.07218699157238007, 0.009948192164301872, -0.030344460159540176, -0.056420620530843735, 0.01232726126909256, -0.031048957258462906, 0.0068985396064817905, 0.02324148826301098, -0.017744336277246475, -0.011720516718924046, 0.002485111588612199, 0.05511358007788658, 0.0019850940443575382, -0.004340967629104853, -0.002674241317436099, -0.06544734537601471, 0.03297385945916176, -0.025188429281115532, 0.11674589663743973, -0.029927676543593407, 0.048703812062740326, 0.013099230825901031, -0.060573846101760864, 0.05512983724474907, -0.022613191977143288, -0.004353041760623455, 0.10399006307125092, 0.04481092840433121, -0.0013683312572538853, 0.006068035028874874, -0.004657975398004055, 0.006668235640972853, -0.04368317127227783, 0.027157319709658623, -0.031589727848768234, 0.0030708631966263056, -0.013737235218286514, -0.0711606964468956, 0.002674781484529376, 0.017169278115034103, 0.04600311815738678, -0.008979939855635166, 0.00696383835747838, -0.026780426502227783, -0.04684825986623764, 0.011937052011489868, -0.004682271741330624, 0.029199164360761642, -0.06464903056621552, -0.016277853399515152, 0.049624573439359665, -0.002354684052988887, -0.019307971000671387, 0.022513331845402718, 0.011846940964460373, 0.04435301199555397, 0.04369514435529709, 0.035732515156269073, 0.01600310020148754, -0.006940202321857214, -0.02753501757979393, 0.035271599888801575, 0.031154334545135498, 0.052873216569423676, -0.004722260404378176, -0.01156382355839014, -0.01410392951220274, 0.013655760325491428, 0.006605527363717556, 0.02767825685441494, 0.01514519564807415, -0.020135967060923576, 0.004296834580600262, -0.018708661198616028, -0.04413424804806709, -0.005865755490958691, -0.022474925965070724, -0.013512872159481049, -0.0068933735601603985, 0.021829240024089813, 0.00004964363688486628, -0.07185646146535873, -0.0248434916138649, 0.030446333810687065, 0.043188419193029404, 0.0505521334707737, 0.05480559915304184, -0.03357184678316116, -0.02891054004430771, 0.007335050497204065, 0.018277859315276146, 0.049086496233940125, -0.004922762513160706, 0.0166094321757555, 0.0355776771903038, 0.0339590385556221, 0.0017559382831677794, -0.02801067754626274, -0.02979002334177494, 0.016483696177601814, -0.00021747562277596444, -0.03171446919441223, 0.034738484770059586, -0.029691629111766815, 0.016732197254896164, 0.03088260442018509, -0.03854833170771599, 0.05189798027276993, 0.07617027312517166, 0.014001044444739819, -0.04582209512591362, -0.028459571301937103, 0.09852883219718933, 0.015905244275927544, 0.046384524554014206, 0.015036477707326412, 0.04794367402791977, 0.009996132925152779, -0.03183158487081528, 0.013311630114912987, 0.02790001407265663, -0.05197799950838089, 0.012513482011854649, 0.011545735411345959, -0.02196641080081463, -0.016853997483849525, 0.03731544315814972, 0.002723654033616185, 0.027986226603388786, 0.029660966247320175, 0.03636356070637703, -0.06260523945093155, -0.019646145403385162, 0.007775405887514353, -0.08956938236951828, 0.04973891004920006, 0.05917546898126602, -0.025513505563139915, 0.06284769624471664, -0.0031947228126227856, 0.026698416098952293, -0.009564601816236973, 0.027843911200761795, 0.03851611539721489, -0.011062500067055225, -0.06187809258699417, -0.012742163613438606, 0.05040515959262848, -0.011457588523626328, 0.02631894126534462, -0.011411028914153576, 0.022677863016724586, -0.023546086624264717, 0.002530180150642991, -0.06872139871120453, 0.013225371018052101, 0.012757576070725918, 0.015569211915135384, 0.004107329528778791, -0.008020395413041115, -0.02377411723136902, 0.0016620939131826162, 0.02337995171546936, 0.03258094936609268, -0.030563022941350937, -0.0449194498360157, -0.011945357546210289, -0.024707064032554626, -0.037506990134716034, 0.0450301393866539, -0.07434750348329544, -0.035788822919130325, 0.051685478538274765, 0.03168491646647453, 0.04915706813335419, -0.02000580169260502, -0.05410316213965416, 0.05271755903959274, 0.05650116875767708, 0.0325126051902771, 0.01727263443171978, 0.00928422436118126, 0.03639238700270653, 0.04973467066884041, -0.04311654716730118, -0.01770319789648056, -0.005164775997400284, -0.0017955248476937413, -0.024071533232927322, 0.018051713705062866, -0.015242532826960087, 0.010083054192364216, 0.0016750587383285165, -0.08121737837791443, 0.00731941033154726, -0.019663944840431213, 0.015691068023443222, 0.051663272082805634, -0.028884893283247948, -0.0456678606569767, 0.022582028061151505, 0.002311744261533022, -0.013546489179134369, 0.032915543764829636, 0.05129920318722725, 0.0632997527718544, -0.024372786283493042, 0.021688254550099373, -0.004161956254392862, 0.001922370633110404, -0.005024312529712915, -0.05293310061097145, 0.04362161457538605, -0.042157307267189026, -0.03627707436680794, 0.04000856727361679, -0.02444569766521454, 0.04687860235571861, 0.038194820284843445, -0.0790528729557991, -0.03056075982749462, 0.007348017767071724, 0.05210355296730995, -0.018157536163926125, 0.0326518714427948, 0.04273043945431709, -0.001884952769614756, 0.03413724526762962, -0.033178068697452545, 0.04096737876534462, 0.0032782205380499363, -0.03475812450051308, -0.0012513661058619618, 0.07411554455757141, -0.0003688693977892399, -0.02761422097682953, 0.04139074310660362, -0.046939365565776825, 0.011885905638337135, 0.02292073890566826, -0.08149673789739609, 0.039192959666252136, -0.04249872267246246, -0.020224614068865776, -0.018085716292262077, -0.004149904940277338, 0.0294930562376976, -0.05568918213248253, -0.046285707503557205, -0.02807978354394436, 0.011420747265219688, -0.0549931563436985, 0.03294743597507477, -0.03632555902004242, 0.0020224531181156635, -0.02383369579911232, 0.03257988393306732, -0.002956901676952839, 0.039341628551483154, -0.0005649476079270244, -0.06592036783695221, -0.04369673877954483, -0.09018919616937637, -0.000915626878850162, 0.029664039611816406, -0.055437806993722916, -0.026713194325566292, 0.020759807899594307, -0.03505352884531021, -0.053205475211143494, -0.02597740851342678, -0.008063435554504395, 0.039387695491313934, 0.026724256575107574, -0.04849787801504135, -0.00851968489587307, -0.026337258517742157, 0.02506696619093418, -0.04805336520075798, -0.038037337362766266, 0.013821037486195564, -0.01223843265324831, 0.003768650349229574, -0.037106286734342575, -0.03012922778725624, -0.04348956421017647, 0.0388670340180397, -0.0048140608705580235, 0.007011156063526869, 0.019132262095808983, 0.06234224513173103, -0.0076485928148031235, 0.04302374646067619, 0.005734462756663561, 0.024837713688611984, -0.09381721168756485, 0.04475405439734459, 0.029078252613544464, 0.025152206420898438, -0.09208621084690094, -0.028309879824519157, -0.04217912629246712, -0.0055459714494645596, -0.048525404185056686, -0.010847784578800201, 0.008045054040849209, 0.04119155928492546, 0.0373929925262928, 0.0919254943728447, -0.09370516240596771, -0.03886650502681732, -0.0527782179415226, -0.022697990760207176, -0.0044049108400940895, 0.027000224217772484, -0.0008611879893578589, 0.016750827431678772, -0.02539004758000374, -0.0009956392459571362, -0.07067889720201492, 0.022089408710598946, 0.0073663401417434216, 0.024064676836133003, -0.053051456809043884, -0.017364878207445145, -0.026596127077937126, -0.014896096661686897, 0.007403870113193989, 0.00804115179926157, 0.04123438522219658, -0.0021435911767184734, 0.02993544563651085, -0.06302449107170105, 0.03014715388417244, -0.039660196751356125, -0.05519845336675644, -0.01820960082113743, -0.049427323043346405, 0.025417612865567207, 0.028047485277056694, 0.04900897294282913, -0.00935647077858448, 0.044723112136125565, -0.01606985554099083, 0.000248373718932271, 0.011851558461785316, 0.03985830768942833, -0.032682232558727264, -0.041182950139045715, -0.010587717406451702, 0.028546223416924477, -0.024964027106761932, -0.000024658284019096754, 0.03417620435357094, 0.018792811781167984, 0.010054855607450008, 0.004749005194753408, -0.0026617047842592, -0.03914932161569595, -0.004922948312014341, 0.08303202688694, -0.01127972174435854, -0.014673767611384392, -0.031071092933416367, 0.021544205024838448, -0.013200070708990097, 0.025687329471111298, 0.05164505913853645, -0.0863516554236412, -0.02421165071427822, -0.06318417936563492, -0.005530673079192638, 0.007888141088187695, 0.06371203809976578, -0.00715058296918869, 0.0062880003824830055, -0.013564527034759521, -0.0011334330774843693, 0.006430419161915779, 0.03819020092487335, -0.0016077108448371291, -0.04803716391324997, -0.017044663429260254, -0.035869747400283813, 0.0046317377127707005, -0.010240166448056698, -0.01998344250023365, -0.049968522042036057, 0.01128633413463831, 0.022941872477531433, -0.043423205614089966, 0.033626738935709, 0.000963452912401408, 0.03377522528171539, -0.029159188270568848, -0.05252762883901596, -0.012262562289834023, 0.0019901245832443237, -0.0039035154040902853, -0.04577483981847763, -0.07860077172517776, 0.021403903141617775, -0.02965942583978176, -0.021900709718465805, -0.0028037785086780787, -0.03012337163090706, 0.07979913055896759, 0.020910799503326416, 0.03555024415254593, 0.021355165168642998, -0.036789897829294205, 0.01799701899290085, -0.009443702176213264, -0.009384444914758205, 0.0074050938710570335, -0.0023159782867878675, 0.02135872095823288, 0.052366290241479874, -0.009812292642891407, 0.03210381418466568, -0.02265760861337185, 0.034531913697719574, -0.03992846980690956, 0.009881577454507351, -0.008485889993607998, 0.03409222885966301, 0.03499772027134895, 0.038131482899188995, 0.04294445738196373, -0.046253085136413574, -0.02592102438211441, -0.04606246575713158, -0.05472170189023018, 0.053530704230070114, -0.06816946715116501, 0.03324892371892929, 0.07799586653709412, -0.02066497690975666, 0.001110282028093934, 0.060537319630384445, 0.08732349425554276, 0.009356452152132988, 0.010116632096469402, 0.010887070558965206, -0.03507501631975174, 0.006318085826933384, 0.009276906959712505, 0.10984170436859131, 0.009433426894247532, -0.008783893659710884, -0.025874866172671318, 0.07363675534725189, -0.0001789713860489428, -0.03921055793762207, 0.03198608383536339, -0.006989177316427231, 0.03418448194861412, 0.01198936440050602, -0.004963727202266455, 0.032123927026987076, 0.001895478810183704, -0.027689319103956223, 0.04555574804544449, 0.04455672577023506, -0.01765439100563526, 0.004035349003970623, 0.03651386871933937, -0.0459267795085907, -0.017537863925099373, -0.011357713490724564, -0.03079410269856453, -0.005537729244679213, 0.017354322597384453, 0.06849521398544312, -0.013076811097562313, -0.09439680725336075, -0.023556312546133995, 0.007023530546575785, -0.02538350038230419, 0.010803899727761745, -0.053923677653074265, -0.003369844751432538, 0.032742589712142944, 0.00036236451705917716, -0.05542309954762459, -0.008514855057001114, -0.03130747377872467, -0.030642317607998848, 0.00237359874881804, 0.043766189366579056, 0.05344865098595619, 0.018543940037488937, 0.03020341694355011, 0.051925018429756165, -0.001717099454253912, 0.02664179913699627, 0.00785916019231081, -0.028568550944328308, -0.03897828608751297, 0.017333107069134712, 0.01900777779519558, -0.001002294011414051, 0.028758089989423752, 0.02331782504916191, -0.05913512408733368, -0.007565340958535671, 0.08821594715118408, -0.03646518290042877, 0.0442739762365818, 0.0021767187863588333, -0.03408054634928703, 0.007747766096144915, -0.0032982451375573874, 0.037554897367954254, -0.03238976374268532, 0.056694116443395615, 0.03523547574877739, -0.01979561150074005, -0.0045073325745761395, 0.0788501426577568, -0.003806399879977107, -0.046818483620882034, 0.004654036369174719, 0.0212465338408947, -0.024839796125888824, 0.011235157027840614, -0.015780001878738403, -0.07352996617555618, 0.016623349860310555, -0.02337254211306572, -0.015608904883265495, -0.0013873099815100431, -0.04312906041741371, 0.012388492003083229, 0.0540449395775795, -0.0073214005678892136, -0.03035462461411953, 0.004544639494270086, -0.04066167399287224, 0.02535572648048401, -0.038345713168382645, -0.07904155552387238, -0.0809558555483818, 0.02250385470688343, -0.04678728058934212, -0.06124117225408554, -0.013939217664301395, -0.021472394466400146, 0.05704440921545029, -0.041374459862709045, 0.10190213471651077, 0.047426607459783554, -0.01947418600320816, 0.04111148416996002, 0.0376211553812027, -0.01908440887928009, 0.0036808575969189405, -0.05727437883615494, 0.1013166755437851, 0.01608663983643055, -0.0028810796793550253, -0.02652828022837639, 0.08009261637926102, 0.013604114763438702, 0.038807328790426254, 0.020056791603565216, 0.04115989804267883, 0.0270998552441597, -0.02254962921142578, -0.007386308163404465, -0.010214224457740784, 0.027268528938293457, -0.013693854212760925, -0.01819581538438797, -0.05570550262928009, 0.011053023859858513, 0.03157258406281471, 0.00405384786427021, -0.08256607502698898, 0.02493991144001484, -0.003071684157475829, 0.022095847874879837, -0.10371269285678864, 0.03145322576165199, -0.006835531909018755, -0.0190015509724617, -0.0032901489175856113, -0.014633139595389366, -0.02067754790186882, -0.026201555505394936, 0.03037468157708645, 0.03421918675303459, -0.017161687836050987, -0.035409387201070786, -0.030726054683327675, -0.010348508134484291, 0.023588422685861588, 0.024397337809205055, -0.025533944368362427, 0.033358145505189896, 0.021193042397499084, -0.0023768246173858643, 0.009095374494791031, -0.05290298908948898, 0.05582273006439209, -0.016601208597421646, -0.04329131543636322, -0.001885314006358385, -0.0017480263486504555, 0.001121405977755785, 0.009708420373499393, 0.04494321346282959, 0.011302024126052856, -0.05811852216720581, -0.02348349615931511, 0.03211444243788719, -0.011796653270721436, 0.022142207249999046, 0.002485982608050108, 0.045611802488565445, -0.05721253156661987, -0.012856795452535152, -0.006264777388423681, 0.0407535545527935, -0.002052587689831853, 0.004764280281960964, -0.018381530418992043, -0.008956566452980042, -0.006988846696913242, 0.012010171078145504, 0.03827741742134094, 0.05371284857392311, 0.0032910634763538837, 0.006458369083702564, 0.017449112609028816, -0.0006288805161602795, -0.0010688427137210965, -0.002512337639927864, -0.03940696269273758, -0.0587238185107708, 0.017856622114777565, -0.006117152515798807, -0.02446487918496132, 0.010340302251279354, 0.05727085471153259, 0.04076491296291351, 0.027160359546542168, 0.018283233046531677, 0.037432048469781876, -0.0381309948861599, -0.05405152589082718, 0.011448174715042114, 0.011694399639964104, -0.0572645477950573, -0.06316501647233963, 0.016412287950515747, -0.007692634593695402, 0.015436463989317417, 0.054331813007593155, -0.07644437998533249, -0.013660681433975697, 0.023034635931253433, -0.003019475843757391, 0.023608870804309845, -0.029489779844880104, 0.008035239763557911, 0.02855064906179905, -0.010479659773409367, -0.017893347889184952, 0.012524249032139778, 0.015738608315587044, 0.01361668948084116, 0.0037441663444042206, -0.002373394090682268, -0.050186850130558014, -0.07560129463672638, 0.04824377968907356, -0.036307595670223236, 0.012788789346814156, -0.0029898961074650288, -0.09724470227956772, 0.0105623509734869, 0.07153422385454178, -0.04294101148843765, -0.006046713795512915, 0.009763834998011589, 0.012634258717298508, 0.039194256067276, 0.01822664588689804, -0.07880015671253204, 0.032408930361270905, -0.013431881554424763, -0.02463630586862564, 0.026562733575701714, -0.02576810121536255, 0.012307233177125454, -0.05271706357598305, 0.005652172025293112, -0.03724909946322441, -0.024057481437921524, 0.030359603464603424, 0.07448528707027435 ]
<p>I've been wondering exactly why the elements are distributed the way they are on Earth. The heavier elements have their origins in the centers of stars, or in supernovae. After the death of the stars, you end up with a dust cloud containing the heavier elements. Later, planets form out of these along with new stars.</p> <p>If the heavier elements were randomly distributed in these explosions, how do we end up with special deposits of minerals on Earth? We have mines and special areas where the concentrations of different materials are higher. For example, we have iron, gold, nickel and uranium mines. Why aren't these materials uniformly distributed? Why isn't the Earth composed of a substance which is a uniform mixture of all the heavy elements? Why does it seem there is sometimes a preference for like materials to clump together?</p> <p>The nickel and iron mostly make up the Earth's core, which I guess makes sense in terms of them being fairly heavy while comparatively abundant relative to heavier elements, but what about everything near the surface that we observe?</p>
g4597
[ 0.06428364664316177, 0.038174327462911606, -0.0035249944776296616, 0.012709885835647583, 0.02283824421465397, 0.07175468653440475, 0.015163828618824482, 0.00588616356253624, 0.01315213181078434, -0.06172424182295799, 0.007101352792233229, 0.028351934626698494, 0.0758092850446701, 0.011784711852669716, 0.0039862398989498615, -0.020108096301555634, 0.011080248281359673, -0.012598083354532719, 0.018703551962971687, 0.04055074602365494, -0.011836646124720573, -0.03523681312799454, 0.049151744693517685, -0.007243998348712921, -0.014407791197299957, 0.024559015408158302, 0.021039029583334923, -0.03335610032081604, 0.05940866097807884, -0.05132027342915535, -0.033804554492235184, -0.010830491781234741, 0.043877892196178436, -0.01335916854441166, 0.00854166503995657, -0.03128037601709366, -0.03216208145022392, 0.004915017168968916, 0.01103428564965725, -0.011669500730931759, -0.013613726943731308, -0.052204620093107224, 0.02597382292151451, -0.06164927035570145, -0.021127119660377502, -0.024023285135626793, -0.07548089325428009, -0.02267504669725895, 0.02025906927883625, 0.0029824923258274794, -0.027581239119172096, 0.019596941769123077, 0.01614859327673912, 0.031234880909323692, 0.06506409496068954, -0.0013283290900290012, 0.019739700481295586, -0.016929687932133675, 0.03869527205824852, -0.05264347419142723, 0.04608090594410896, 0.03267235681414604, 0.04134923592209816, -0.004264218732714653, 0.07776429504156113, 0.02420654147863388, -0.05663786083459854, 0.0734160989522934, 0.06747900694608688, 0.026897374540567398, 0.008565920405089855, -0.007383332587778568, -0.046932339668273926, -0.03790394961833954, -0.04825478792190552, -0.010650016367435455, 0.012963934801518917, 0.034660376608371735, -0.0022045632358640432, 0.050987593829631805, 0.01429878082126379, -0.00008593289385316893, 0.03733927756547928, -0.014911978505551815, -0.011638366617262363, 0.012105480767786503, 0.010019459761679173, 0.004719925113022327, 0.0032915726769715548, -0.006533343810588121, 0.05175327882170677, 0.0315907783806324, 0.04343360289931297, -0.008180951699614525, -0.07604897022247314, -0.03415396437048912, -0.03396955132484436, 0.050627440214157104, -0.05058085918426514, -0.01199613232165575, -0.008767827413976192, 0.02313070371747017, 0.05839699134230614, 0.016708701848983765, 0.025581905618309975, -0.022633828222751617, -0.05223174765706062, 0.03493364527821541, -0.021126072853803635, 0.02060595154762268, -0.018820544704794884, -0.004485864657908678, -0.013436073437333107, 0.025566333904862404, -0.0005000477540306747, 0.042269639670848846, 0.08337482064962387, 0.014978129416704178, 0.03580322116613388, 0.049279309809207916, 0.007783464156091213, 0.027137191966176033, -0.013617424294352531, -0.0013400568859651685, -0.037434808909893036, 0.006291835568845272, 0.06177105754613876, -0.026474662125110626, 0.007357229478657246, -0.042729929089546204, 0.007300454191863537, 0.012357681058347225, -0.0547664575278759, -0.026702309027314186, 0.004732212983071804, -0.030092349275946617, -0.05060238763689995, 0.038609378039836884, 0.031230436637997627, 0.03622568026185036, -0.01903851516544819, 0.07380080223083496, 0.026775917038321495, -0.06036170572042465, -0.05330809950828552, 0.002503522438928485, -0.07580506801605225, 0.008834906853735447, -0.012937529012560844, -0.03790414705872536, 0.01737317070364952, 0.00924042146652937, 0.029263779520988464, -0.10531003028154373, -0.032464951276779175, 0.0023652638774365187, -0.007616805378347635, -0.05928891524672508, -0.010704862885177135, -0.02299073338508606, 0.025075925514101982, -0.01659158058464527, -0.023641595616936684, 0.012333064340054989, 0.008893745951354504, 0.04824545234441757, -0.02881045453250408, -0.00938214547932148, 0.043089449405670166, 0.022334996610879898, 0.02277539111673832, -0.02801208756864071, -0.001555047812871635, 0.07071579992771149, -0.030052296817302704, 0.008285224437713623, 0.11291888356208801, -0.030418984591960907, 0.006759138312190771, -0.0120021291077137, -0.033335573971271515, -0.01680489256978035, -0.026924612000584602, -0.04262925311923027, 0.04394887760281563, -0.06421592831611633, 0.007216752506792545, -0.01009936723858118, 0.016747446730732918, 0.021833203732967377, 0.023446286097168922, -0.05810198560357094, -0.0061614662408828735, 0.031067045405507088, 0.032533712685108185, -0.017626913264393806, -0.04067371040582657, -0.028181221336126328, -0.03982469439506531, -0.03678983077406883, 0.003539309836924076, -0.01568504050374031, -0.06614307314157486, 0.0023728501982986927, 0.012320312671363354, 0.0401390939950943, -0.04967179521918297, 0.057611409574747086, -0.005512993782758713, -0.01796567626297474, 0.007367536425590515, -0.03311990946531296, -0.0096121309325099, -0.014333300292491913, -0.02057548798620701, 0.00008436303323833272, -0.027401292696595192, -0.007577673532068729, 0.028475381433963776, -0.000192276609595865, -0.03817538917064667, -0.05021350085735321, -0.03623827174305916, -0.03814266622066498, 0.0015869565540924668, 0.03262550011277199, 0.03193381801247597, 0.009943366050720215, 0.035096731036901474, -0.010804197750985622, -0.009857230819761753, 0.013100073672831059, 0.005806407425552607, 0.005986656527966261, 0.004361419007182121, 0.01985032670199871, -0.04382012411952019, -0.04966552183032036, -0.03384900838136673, -0.005116836167871952, -0.03412514925003052, -0.01771576516330242, 0.01750309206545353, -0.01047112699598074, 0.07348573207855225, -0.05782167613506317, 0.029796365648508072, -0.020833801478147507, -0.032409366220235825, 0.03853150084614754, -0.0010125060798600316, -0.03476053848862648, -0.04572957009077072, -0.020531203597784042, 0.008339614607393742, -0.07445555925369263, -0.0024416528176516294, 0.09361429512500763, -0.01910172589123249, -0.04949899762868881, -0.02672831527888775, -0.03672347217798233, 0.014083144254982471, -0.004966252483427525, -0.08010383695363998, 0.04207133129239082, 0.009829469956457615, -0.026833562180399895, 0.03377106785774231, -0.019870221614837646, -0.017986446619033813, -0.022827574983239174, 0.01004920993000269, 0.07408804446458817, -0.051979318261146545, -0.011792147532105446, -0.014256391674280167, 0.021029824391007423, 0.011529539711773396, 0.023934852331876755, 0.06966204196214676, 0.052578236907720566, 0.005686494056135416, -0.05654053017497063, 0.051885489374399185, 0.01144089549779892, -0.0035329912789165974, -0.03412344679236412, 0.017373405396938324, -0.02443350851535797, 0.03610330447554588, -0.07197732478380203, 0.023800784721970558, 0.021637141704559326, 0.011369148269295692, 0.0256176944822073, 0.024711227044463158, 0.000890648050699383, -0.0647139772772789, 0.06296855956315994, -0.02154405415058136, -0.02877373993396759, 0.049606453627347946, 0.018106138333678246, -0.04776834696531296, 0.05340812727808952, 0.036079879850149155, -0.024080537259578705, -0.06194337084889412, -0.07245735079050064, 0.012505076825618744, 0.07250132411718369, 0.017404325306415558, 0.05565226823091507, -0.052002955228090286, 0.01465246919542551, -0.013673878274857998, -0.0016264984151348472, 0.08928914368152618, -0.09027575701475143, -0.04807594418525696, -0.00490779522806406, 0.028619244694709778, -0.03992856666445732, 0.015513197518885136, -0.030726375058293343, -0.04195350036025047, -0.0060417624190449715, -0.028255101293325424, -0.027477608993649483, -0.022785721346735954, 0.013223700225353241, -0.06876736879348755, 0.031021710485219955, -0.12310782819986343, 0.02406093291938305, -0.02350573055446148, 0.027867473661899567, 0.0659882053732872, -0.005361315328627825, 0.028872067108750343, 0.005280559416860342, -0.052074771374464035, -0.008851519785821438, -0.05254705250263214, -0.005997528787702322, 0.021030845120549202, -0.012979965656995773, -0.014922164380550385, 0.047297410666942596, 0.0013268353650346398, 0.0011051244800910354, 0.03530941531062126, -0.032311297953128815, -0.02522885799407959, 0.014878285117447376, 0.014929174445569515, -0.033190540969371796, 0.015997935086488724, -0.04114152118563652, 0.04109291359782219, -0.019626149907708168, -0.017402706667780876, -0.05111119523644447, -0.03355054557323456, 0.016582705080509186, 0.04566905274987221, -0.033133119344711304, 0.03820441663265228, 0.0378701351583004, 0.06091757491230965, 0.061954792588949203, -0.009347056038677692, -0.0022530308924615383, 0.05843786150217056, 0.001633971813134849, 0.04302826523780823, 0.016830813139677048, 0.0018110953969880939, -0.07794845849275589, -0.017595350742340088, -0.014309700578451157, 0.020078515633940697, -0.005824678111821413, 0.05856606364250183, -0.019261039793491364, -0.010337414219975471, -0.045912034809589386, -0.03708995506167412, -0.024850040674209595, 0.01878993585705757, -0.10072363168001175, -0.027151281014084816, 0.014203094877302647, 0.017966624349355698, -0.013455360196530819, -0.008661195635795593, 0.011020028032362461, 0.05480869486927986, 0.04992133751511574, -0.004285816103219986, 0.006565974559634924, -0.007763615343719721, -0.03808262199163437, 0.008483669720590115, 0.05663244053721428, -0.026610558852553368, -0.07385195791721344, -0.01837810128927231, -0.04876064136624336, 0.053403209894895554, 0.04865361005067825, -0.042220745235681534, 0.0068830642849206924, 0.013879834674298763, -0.010510609485208988, 0.003605247475206852, 0.016892094165086746, -0.015082192607223988, -0.04934243485331535, -0.0019308753544464707, 0.03256642818450928, 0.04201720654964447, -0.025278078392148018, 0.02595341205596924, 0.03243559971451759, -0.007384888362139463, -0.07257915288209915, -0.0019758373964577913, 0.02749900333583355, -0.01590869575738907, 0.013430248945951462, 0.03359576314687729, 0.021068355068564415, -0.059637509286403656, -0.022890053689479828, -0.03826700896024704, 0.030959036201238632, 0.008606585673987865, 0.043819740414619446, 0.06556738168001175, 0.006597061641514301, -0.035570964217185974, 0.08461125940084457, 0.0006409899215213954, 0.02979469485580921, -0.01948387362062931, 0.01979600079357624, -0.05117359384894371, -0.004960071761161089, 0.0023480949457734823, -0.012417247518897057, 0.0050824484787881374, -0.027101987972855568, -0.006992469076067209, -0.01945083774626255, 0.01560265477746725, 0.0468328520655632, 0.04416108503937721, 0.05719892308115959, -0.03345504403114319, -0.037720996886491776, -0.0033337657805532217, 0.05144232511520386, -0.025171086192131042, -0.003520675003528595, -0.04266298562288284, -0.009009456261992455, -0.03820991516113281, 0.01830815151333809, -0.0036098812706768513, -0.009818259626626968, 0.0487639419734478, 0.03372268006205559, 0.043642833828926086, 0.016465263441205025, 0.0033299769274890423, -0.07646692544221878, 0.03571965545415878, -0.05342859402298927, -0.0509115606546402, 0.014304065145552158, -0.002715486101806164, 0.045579083263874054, -0.013375342823565006, 0.007790793664753437, -0.025855259969830513, -0.03865065053105354, 0.02107863686978817, -0.03287537768483162, -0.005877567920833826, -0.03800622746348381, 0.07352116703987122, -0.036109358072280884, 0.05051484331488609, -0.07130949199199677, 0.025780675932765007, -0.011297957971692085, -0.028274573385715485, -0.028865879401564598, 0.00821282435208559, 0.036998894065618515, -0.09774749726057053, -0.0004616726946551353, 0.058802634477615356, 0.03417603671550751, 0.04809851571917534, -0.03637681156396866, 0.07669542729854584, -0.032131221145391464, 0.03842543810606003, 0.02824334241449833, -0.016878444701433182, 0.018530448898673058, -0.0017157216789200902, 0.014454311691224575, -0.02103603444993496, 0.020839888602495193, 0.029523858800530434, 0.02863212674856186, -0.06426011025905609, 0.01222000177949667, 0.05016427859663963, 0.004183984827250242, 0.03918062150478363, -0.028932902961969376, -0.03977242484688759, -0.021788829937577248, 0.022788850590586662, 0.029508693143725395, 0.010594227351248264, 0.03358807414770126, 0.04667062684893608, -0.029335077852010727, -0.01759868487715721, 0.019979972392320633, 0.026453906670212746, 0.01202051155269146, 0.04623618349432945, 0.03914058580994606, -0.0009034340619109571, -0.04757056012749672, 0.019569460302591324, 0.04289569333195686, 0.039094991981983185, -0.004280031658709049, 0.021227316930890083, 0.04996424540877342, 0.06361706554889679, -0.011095521971583366, 0.004960951395332813, 0.08042560517787933, 0.041398659348487854, 0.026064535602927208, -0.04027789458632469, 0.022092461585998535, -0.0041053034365177155, 0.019028697162866592, -0.011669299565255642, -0.03630823642015457, -0.0026227261405438185, 0.010712833143770695, -0.02096732333302498, -0.02915864624083042, 0.012240069918334484, -0.049593236297369, 0.0036921037826687098, -0.0394921638071537, 0.041909631341695786, 0.02881183661520481, 0.02528195269405842, 0.012742665596306324, 0.012950102798640728, 0.026056351140141487, 0.002104849321767688, -0.01664869114756584, -0.078179270029068, -0.026498720049858093, -0.040093209594488144, 0.007262341678142548, 0.06468089669942856, 0.022648105397820473, 0.012574863620102406, 0.0300934836268425, -0.0038341088220477104, 0.008034797385334969, -0.0038146988954395056, 0.010959207080304623, -0.006224214099347591, -0.0933525487780571, 0.07869008183479309, 0.022593442350625992, 0.036620620638132095, 0.023769818246364594, -0.05919859930872917, -0.017993111163377762, -0.005976302549242973, 0.01908932626247406, -0.044615648686885834, -0.041689302772283554, 0.0021105811465531588, 0.023624341934919357, 0.073190838098526, 0.0350659154355526, 0.05653496831655502, -0.05661578103899956, 0.029256179928779602, -0.0021444505546242, 0.0161973275244236, 0.030407877638936043, 0.04404741898179054, 0.009054861962795258, -0.04024553671479225, 0.0058068884536623955, -0.03564075380563736, -0.05568912997841835, -0.05949137732386589, 0.0006439817952923477, 0.010229038074612617, 0.03515417501330376, -0.015345821157097816, 0.008439898490905762, -0.006512957625091076, -0.010359779931604862, 0.010231303051114082, 0.019725145772099495, -0.03249672055244446, 0.05729679763317108, 0.058752335608005524, -0.00044928037095814943, -0.026158543303608894, 0.049310650676488876, -0.0022554623428732157, 0.03597312420606613, -0.010458743199706078, 0.03455514460802078, -0.006213643122464418, -0.0022381313610821962, 0.03299793601036072, 0.009915424510836601, -0.017083212733268738, -0.030383996665477753, 0.02540549449622631, 0.027916869148612022, 0.001990651013329625, 0.020833700895309448, 0.015858648344874382, -0.003703937865793705, 0.0015336504438892007, 0.012617974542081356, 0.013043501414358616, -0.03456927835941315, 0.010608809068799019, -0.03045605681836605, 0.01565057598054409, 0.023454822599887848, 0.01785219833254814, -0.04543900117278099, 0.015038101002573967, -0.08249154686927795, -0.09184811264276505, 0.010208751074969769, -0.015999704599380493, 0.012661628425121307, -0.026365438476204872, 0.05067618563771248, 0.0542425662279129, -0.01946345716714859, -0.05751737579703331, 0.06277260184288025, 0.0006389411864802241, 0.041704874485731125, 0.001952307648025453, 0.008278479799628258, 0.0032663121819496155, 0.03949214518070221, -0.048136357218027115, -0.04587026312947273, 0.07177751511335373, -0.004501710180193186, 0.04888550937175751, 0.02298308163881302, -0.017062442377209663, -0.024333734065294266, -0.02308504469692707, 0.015265428461134434, -0.013746334239840508, 0.026749495416879654, -0.036674048751592636, 0.0003640643262770027, 0.021342985332012177, 0.012908379547297955, 0.033961594104766846, -0.024720992892980576, -0.014010845683515072, -0.03379988670349121, 0.0441153347492218, -0.029837938025593758, 0.03226592391729355, 0.016406826674938202, -0.03736289590597153, -0.04641597718000412, -0.005508233327418566, -0.0705779641866684, 0.03461270034313202, -0.027614856138825417, -0.01429154071956873, 0.07517164200544357, -0.04278991371393204, -0.02012949436903, 0.03348297253251076, 0.0393221490085125, 0.06738517433404922, -0.01989654451608658, -0.012318337336182594, 0.00432664854452014, -0.006796028930693865, -0.0049423580057919025, -0.01981484517455101, 0.00828101858496666, -0.0518464595079422, 0.008497917093336582, 0.0323309525847435, -0.05612199380993843, 0.01686481200158596, 0.043917521834373474, 0.06493625789880753, -0.035864003002643585, 0.01581217348575592, 0.021916426718235016, -0.03592834621667862, 0.02695281431078911, -0.020420875400304794, -0.0064489999786019325, 0.011752708815038204, -0.03873584792017937, 0.051191020756959915, -0.051404207944869995, -0.08918223530054092, -0.0409822091460228, 0.005870594177395105, -0.04973019286990166, -0.01539183035492897, -0.015196616761386395, -0.048680681735277176, -0.017011061310768127, -0.045735716819763184, 0.02424965612590313, -0.049361325800418854, -0.059398163110017776, -0.05057024955749512, 0.004695519804954529, -0.04045796021819115, 0.03233747184276581, -0.000884753477293998, -0.0032150691840797663, 0.045795951038599014, 0.03586065396666527, 0.0002505692536942661, -0.023120541125535965, -0.025850508362054825, -0.011408322490751743, -0.04765057936310768, 0.0024632075801491737, -0.0557962991297245, 0.008001274429261684, -0.010536141693592072, -0.0033600497990846634 ]
<blockquote> <p><em>A) Explain how Kepler's $2^{nd}$ law - "The radius vector from the Sun to a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal time intervals" - can be understood in terms of angular momentum conservation.</em></p> </blockquote> <p>I know that:</p> <p>Angular momentum is conserved and therefore $\vec{L}=\vec{r} \times \vec{p}=\vec{r} \times m\vec{v}=constant$ and $L=mrv\sin\theta$.</p> <p>Kepler's $2^{nd}$ law means $\frac{dA}{dt}=constant$</p> <p>Somehow this comes out to be $dA=(\frac{1}{2})(\frac{L}{m})dt$ but I'm having a hard time getting there.</p> <blockquote> <p><em>B) Explain how circular motion can be described as simple harmonic motion.</em></p> </blockquote> <p>I know that:</p> <p>For circular motion $m\vec{a}=\vec{F}_{c}=-m\frac{v^2}{R}\vec{r}=-m\omega^2R\vec{r}$</p> <p>However, I'm fairly lost on this equation. Where does the negative sign come from, and where does the $\vec{r}$ come from?</p>
g4598
[ 0.0480785071849823, -0.0035921589005738497, -0.011702898889780045, 0.0248876865953207, 0.029638109728693962, 0.020336663350462914, 0.08018840104341507, -0.030387915670871735, 0.008263610303401947, 0.015389754436910152, -0.026141280308365822, 0.029811453074216843, 0.044029951095581055, 0.006461209151893854, 0.04405250400304794, -0.029629748314619064, -0.001031499239616096, 0.035520389676094055, 0.0649178996682167, 0.043722964823246, -0.028903815895318985, -0.00955246388912201, 0.007184379268437624, -0.03302803263068199, 0.020185742527246475, 0.024153824895620346, 0.030312566086649895, -0.010392539203166962, -0.04580726847052574, -0.025470422580838203, 0.025630760937929153, -0.016878480091691017, 0.007078064139932394, -0.09557310491800308, -0.026233863085508347, 0.020311830565333366, 0.028028147295117378, -0.0284873154014349, 0.03363807871937752, -0.006659565027803183, 0.041482094675302505, -0.020196203142404556, 0.0013404205674305558, 0.006544562987983227, 0.04194464534521103, -0.016512522473931313, -0.058453578501939774, -0.004332518205046654, -0.02895573154091835, 0.032789185643196106, -0.04183618724346161, 0.058709003031253815, 0.07409612834453583, -0.003876719158142805, 0.007213192526251078, 0.06724072992801666, -0.0015714542241767049, -0.06938081979751587, 0.010423601604998112, 0.015971222892403603, -0.011295209638774395, -0.020118312910199165, -0.010401859879493713, 0.012617119587957859, 0.0667046532034874, -0.008362953551113605, -0.018526792526245117, 0.02976134978234768, 0.041476059705019, 0.031216926872730255, 0.056011613458395004, -0.0204100850969553, -0.026274675503373146, -0.04422784969210625, -0.029255257919430733, 0.004832135513424873, 0.009353435598313808, -0.018041864037513733, 0.03459455817937851, 0.013170485384762287, -0.04827670380473137, 0.04462974891066551, -0.011731650680303574, 0.0268776286393404, 0.061290442943573, -0.011794932186603546, 0.026169102638959885, 0.00022943640942685306, -0.022699126973748207, -0.023935722187161446, 0.04819686338305473, -0.05086177587509155, 0.030072828754782677, -0.015746014192700386, 0.0035231998190283775, -0.0036200194153934717, -0.05685119703412056, 0.03793810307979584, -0.024226775392889977, -0.039764683693647385, 0.052751053124666214, 0.012052595615386963, -0.007130161393433809, -0.04162105545401573, 0.07125074416399002, 0.043830227106809616, 0.052278660237789154, 0.018169011920690536, 0.017717616632580757, 0.0011579504935070872, 0.002236598404124379, -0.08079539239406586, -0.02262032777070999, -0.028969338163733482, -0.01940743438899517, -0.03677232563495636, 0.09714110195636749, -0.02466910518705845, 0.031891658902168274, 0.10523898154497147, 0.030115261673927307, 0.07752477377653122, 0.008000103756785393, 0.0808042511343956, -0.011969109997153282, -0.018188687041401863, 0.019055122509598732, -0.011328608728945255, 0.09217601269483566, 0.031727276742458344, 0.0009572308626957238, -0.00007750387885607779, -0.02310725674033165, 0.014585419557988644, 0.03820141404867172, 0.008211194537580013, -0.0037483558990061283, 0.013675915077328682, -0.03436896204948425, -0.03480693697929382, -0.009236259385943413, -0.003454220946878195, 0.0702565610408783, -0.027036616578698158, -0.07593128085136414, -0.006222829222679138, 0.01492718793451786, -0.045261505991220474, 0.0678422600030899, -0.05642097070813179, -0.014668608084321022, 0.07241076976060867, 0.015454021282494068, -0.030550464987754822, 0.04764436557888985, -0.024710509926080704, 0.03322077915072441, 0.024469774216413498, -0.02414792776107788, 0.031211011111736298, 0.08968563377857208, -0.002761602634564042, -0.022144151851534843, 0.03310893476009369, -0.06691426783800125, -0.007525110617280006, -0.013599484227597713, -0.04898613318800926, -0.012728367000818253, -0.011781914159655571, -0.052543219178915024, -0.009780768305063248, 0.030322542414069176, 0.025330232456326485, -0.06603828817605972, 0.010002978146076202, -0.03569766879081726, -0.04395327717065811, -0.012168214656412601, 0.013716364279389381, -0.01418278831988573, -0.012773225083947182, 0.0492536835372448, 0.035487569868564606, 0.042660631239414215, 0.026642363518476486, 0.03241798281669617, -0.0025507546961307526, -0.04683322086930275, -0.007038685493171215, 0.002719264244660735, -0.03097396343946457, -0.025951411575078964, 0.02574249915778637, -0.010413466952741146, 0.03400348871946335, -0.05160926654934883, -0.04778197035193443, -0.08148276060819626, 0.07550569623708725, 0.018740881234407425, 0.011739970184862614, 0.040099576115608215, 0.026037542149424553, 0.022427905350923538, 0.018153661862015724, 0.02870284393429756, 0.024959271773695946, 0.06948456913232803, 0.05091813951730728, 0.01210173312574625, -0.03346370905637741, -0.059177447110414505, 0.02352134883403778, -0.02904757857322693, -0.028973910957574844, 0.01716526784002781, 0.03322337940335274, -0.050779640674591064, -0.023649156093597412, -0.029977530241012573, -0.050854362547397614, 0.025771748274564743, -0.008563310839235783, -0.00174302130471915, 0.04654662311077118, -0.04453422129154205, 0.00011973576329182833, 0.050061993300914764, 0.06393827497959137, -0.06049343943595886, -0.01867380365729332, -0.035991087555885315, 0.04643642529845238, 0.02184489369392395, 0.015577862039208412, -0.0037008230574429035, -0.017673034220933914, -0.017799463123083115, 0.008350010961294174, 0.026568913832306862, 0.014270258136093616, -0.030957765877246857, -0.04678197577595711, 0.04685837775468826, -0.0209629088640213, 0.07768258452415466, 0.019053896889090538, 0.005876761395484209, 0.021009832620620728, 0.004909572657197714, 0.004170127213001251, -0.004384015686810017, -0.02829686552286148, 0.04742303863167763, -0.02437959611415863, -0.00842991005629301, 0.06398969888687134, -0.06476935744285583, -0.021147986873984337, -0.003023876342922449, -0.013220020569860935, 0.030073389410972595, 0.04669239744544029, -0.022442737594246864, -0.0638134777545929, -0.05064843222498894, 0.054868441075086594, 0.061940670013427734, 0.00211863755248487, -0.02372722700238228, 0.08218187093734741, -0.03709951788187027, 0.043533843010663986, -0.04735482484102249, -0.0705203264951706, 0.014034434221684933, -0.023522205650806427, -0.013662182725965977, 0.030284840613603592, -0.01080128364264965, 0.03307792916893959, -0.0009057075949385762, 0.0031023453921079636, 0.06782737374305725, -0.021792978048324585, -0.021213771775364876, 0.08806529641151428, -0.0042984141036868095, 0.00002438044612063095, -0.04045146703720093, 0.024767586961388588, 0.021160319447517395, -0.01576005108654499, 0.015212370082736015, 0.05834720656275749, -0.02673455700278282, -0.03942527249455452, -0.006776726804673672, 0.010320943780243397, 0.03308665007352829, -0.03894754871726036, -0.032153233885765076, 0.0004719328717328608, -0.033335063606500626, -0.0011173016391694546, 0.0050189602188766, -0.0584954209625721, -0.035758186131715775, 0.0682685524225235, -0.05546391382813454, 0.023484036326408386, -0.0384942851960659, -0.009234783239662647, -0.03489500656723976, -0.003676054300740361, -0.04284113273024559, -0.015166770666837692, 0.024374008178710938, 0.03710125759243965, -0.0776413083076477, -0.07553771883249283, -0.014474943280220032, 0.010871106758713722, 0.01073130127042532, 0.03586646914482117, -0.07296240329742432, -0.0327635258436203, -0.035661742091178894, -0.02974722348153591, -0.04992438852787018, 0.026775887235999107, -0.006949542090296745, 0.021076470613479614, -0.05096908286213875, -0.03860477730631828, -0.07042714208364487, 0.04788149520754814, 0.05260966345667839, -0.02402091771364212, 0.018831942230463028, -0.02181330695748329, -0.06142484396696091, -0.020580174401402473, -0.007979058660566807, 0.03234541416168213, 0.0032343522179871798, 0.03718819096684456, 0.05002104118466377, -0.024394700303673744, 0.014894426800310612, -0.01360319647938013, 0.01580837368965149, -0.0030986182391643524, -0.021071448922157288, 0.05772930756211281, 0.01727915368974209, 0.012322680093348026, 0.009553449228405952, -0.0015095104463398457, 0.01075192354619503, -0.019699066877365112, -0.0006794782821089029, 0.03736954554915428, 0.013645194470882416, -0.0023620445281267166, -0.019594324752688408, 0.013523113913834095, 0.004617385566234589, 0.009235099889338017, 0.04261787235736847, -0.01874515973031521, -0.04047926142811775, 0.02615802176296711, 0.03617468103766441, -0.014667337760329247, 0.003586546517908573, 0.06945357471704483, -0.019526515156030655, 0.02894992008805275, 0.002630529459565878, 0.005550178699195385, 0.03558358922600746, 0.02831823006272316, -0.01019275188446045, 0.014425579458475113, -0.03140995278954506, 0.05715043097734451, 0.0044519309885799885, -0.04805951938033104, 0.020702380686998367, -0.03949327394366264, 0.0437997505068779, -0.059816524386405945, 0.03037680871784687, -0.04919803887605667, 0.011827272363007069, 0.018323371186852455, -0.043293535709381104, 0.019737843424081802, -0.023718373849987984, 0.0033479866106063128, -0.010361503809690475, -0.00048197596333920956, -0.003975046332925558, 0.05492321029305458, -0.022632086649537086, 0.014358466491103172, 0.005328125786036253, 0.005573660135269165, -0.002038966165855527, -0.009162222035229206, 0.0400066040456295, -0.030112851411104202, 0.05823710933327675, 0.02685132808983326, -0.0010174853960052133, -0.03117179684340954, 0.0252796933054924, 0.027021747082471848, -0.048815347254276276, 0.03439360111951828, 0.006354890298098326, -0.05057738348841667, 0.027961479499936104, 0.07592923194169998, 0.038505591452121735, -0.027920670807361603, -0.003343702992424369, -0.03176617622375488, -0.0011160868452861905, -0.004757802002131939, 0.022715900093317032, 0.0015066812047734857, -0.10418203473091125, 0.04986915364861488, -0.06832625716924667, 0.0729655921459198, 0.014330311678349972, 0.04236200451850891, 0.02548801153898239, -0.004477419424802065, 0.009852461516857147, 0.0002779174246825278, -0.03935656696557999, 0.0349293053150177, 0.06568296998739243, -0.03034745343029499, 0.027058793231844902, -0.044034238904714584, -0.036795176565647125, 0.03806827589869499, 0.01961679942905903, -0.024352462962269783, 0.00522391265258193, -0.0013514446327462792, -0.09283565729856491, 0.029894540086388588, 0.02677624300122261, -0.05632230266928673, -0.06625808030366898, 0.047087375074625015, -0.004619675688445568, -0.0068610431626439095, 0.07867787778377533, -0.009272601455450058, -0.017846068367362022, 0.021556977182626724, 0.006068696267902851, 0.029827972874045372, 0.03268413990736008, 0.008349479176104069, -0.011943328194320202, -0.03799961507320404, 0.007871455512940884, -0.046752654016017914, 0.025975195690989494, 0.022936386987566948, 0.010192225687205791, -0.03572924807667732, -0.009278830140829086, 0.024378011003136635, 0.009513791650533676, 0.03512924164533615, 0.030191512778401375, -0.012267820537090302, -0.03892320767045021, -0.03716108202934265, 0.024098727852106094, 0.0030318184290081263, -0.02004079334437847, 0.07383386045694351, -0.0009087664657272398, 0.022669190540909767, 0.05491436645388603, 0.03344886749982834, -0.0009635819005779922, -0.056407034397125244, -0.059524182230234146, -0.03637992963194847, -0.07884468883275986, -0.016254927963018417, -0.026688046753406525, -0.005710828583687544, 0.03584062308073044, -0.007460187654942274, -0.023194337263703346, 0.014906140975654125, -0.010823697783052921, 0.018980136141180992, 0.002538067754358053, 0.03756348416209221, -0.030482178553938866, 0.006544303148984909, -0.005133674014359713, -0.02982882224023342, 0.026946930214762688, 0.007790339644998312, -0.005720864050090313, 0.009422608651220798, 0.0021317426580935717, 0.01208497490733862, 0.023124778643250465, -0.03337542340159416, 0.045301925390958786, -0.0037882502656430006, -0.05376187339425087, -0.04325796291232109, 0.06048937886953354, 0.028403080999851227, -0.016784582287073135, -0.03635948896408081, 0.014248869381844997, 0.014888004399836063, -0.060006000101566315, -0.038411956280469894, 0.0005138147389516234, -0.0024840468540787697, 0.01034675631672144, -0.024214016273617744, -0.046791788190603256, -0.04841259494423866, 0.022335724905133247, 0.05347732454538345, -0.07545509934425354, 0.0015898201381787658, 0.028016602620482445, -0.011515647172927856, 0.016599738970398903, -0.018355216830968857, -0.05282248929142952, 0.0030874910298734903, -0.005287318956106901, -0.017001429572701454, -0.0259384848177433, 0.012907815165817738, -0.006612229626625776, 0.008338295854628086, -0.033882901072502136, -0.04712134972214699, -0.01624090038239956, 0.02099764533340931, 0.005885416176170111, 0.01306160632520914, 0.027314644306898117, 0.01387402880936861, 0.04990847408771515, 0.010387742891907692, 0.05746926739811897, 0.06169230118393898, -0.005017395131289959, 0.04202224686741829, 0.008696633391082287, 0.035014353692531586, 0.07785088568925858, 0.0235885102301836, -0.03417874500155449, -0.0007786105270497501, -0.0985155701637268, -0.02482503652572632, 0.04184609279036522, 0.003948098048567772, 0.03101360984146595, -0.014757413417100906, -0.06825066357851028, 0.06416153907775879, -0.026853786781430244, -0.03653842583298683, 0.04281630739569664, -0.002026692731305957, -0.007829724811017513, 0.01632036827504635, -0.02396063506603241, 0.032457347959280014, -0.012160327285528183, 0.03404220566153526, 0.009068102575838566, -0.010659731924533844, -0.008344101719558239, -0.021694177761673927, 0.003280553501099348, -0.01827971823513508, 0.0018036316614598036, -0.02972932904958725, 0.05363187938928604, 0.004023874644190073, -0.035466812551021576, -0.02328038588166237, -0.027169300243258476, 0.0417083278298378, -0.04704972729086876, 0.021525830030441284, 0.027691146358847618, 0.004787016659975052, -0.02269376441836357, -0.0012212703004479408, -0.013354740105569363, 0.0023889795411378145, -0.01255424227565527, -0.0026724867057055235, 0.012421580031514168, 0.014677703380584717, -0.030474931001663208, -0.017252560704946518, 0.059132665395736694, 0.030205653980374336, -0.02496442012488842, 0.0068778968416154385, 0.05414891615509987, 0.04874613136053085, 0.02071002498269081, -0.030770331621170044, -0.03872804343700409, 0.08816314488649368, 0.025386380031704903, 0.019244641065597534, -0.0899900570511818, 0.05612149089574814, 0.04690413177013397, 0.014296956360340118, -0.015730993822216988, 0.021250221878290176, 0.03534410148859024, -0.022448629140853882, -0.06669300049543381, -0.029299605637788773, 0.004467133432626724, -0.046297747641801834, -0.06666095554828644, -0.011709191836416721, 0.027261238545179367, 0.00408706720918417, -0.00574100948870182, -0.044973522424697876, -0.008761217817664146, -0.004143827594816685, -0.026682034134864807, 0.04333933815360069, 0.0038178313989192247, -0.09169019013643265, -0.03590858727693558, -0.04609585553407669, 0.01497782301157713, -0.0056411586701869965, 0.040414635092020035, -0.0037131926510483027, -0.012875593267381191, 0.008976291865110397, 0.04387260973453522, -0.07625236362218857, 0.01583717204630375, 0.03462253138422966, -0.04492676630616188, 0.002115070354193449, -0.0633351281285286, 0.02107621729373932, 0.022309908643364906, -0.0461207777261734, -0.02357085607945919, -0.018422624096274376, -0.028244316577911377, -0.0417705662548542, 0.013910805806517601, -0.0013066533720120788, -0.01647132635116577, -0.01684214174747467, -0.07536684721708298, 0.02832397259771824, 0.01895327679812908, -0.01939726434648037, -0.005630725063383579, 0.08197201043367386, -0.02068806067109108, -0.022446423768997192, 0.05050884559750557, -0.011789140291512012, 0.03798248991370201, 0.024533351883292198, -0.06290484964847565, -0.013792173005640507, 0.013664488680660725, -0.022543223574757576, 0.0018724579131230712, 0.021845653653144836, 0.06426647305488586, 0.015053514391183853, -0.005081239156424999, -0.058081045746803284, -0.043953243643045425, 0.004425822291523218, 0.007040328811854124, -0.06376064568758011, -0.038578178733587265, -0.042555585503578186, 0.03966891020536423, 0.0165974460542202, 0.03049289807677269, 0.024173684418201447, 0.005833622999489307, -0.026683393865823746, -0.01190051157027483, -0.04524378851056099, 0.02334507554769516, -0.13403256237506866, -0.03067510761320591, -0.015129582025110722, -0.01264325063675642, -0.023934736847877502, 0.0077171120792627335, -0.0017796845640987158, -0.0339353010058403, -0.028076522052288055, -0.04147471487522125, 0.02001148648560047, -0.014394506812095642, 0.014138109982013702, -0.03690950199961662, -0.03870777785778046, -0.03956623747944832, 0.001049799146130681, 0.032439619302749634, -0.043138518929481506, 0.023909224197268486, -0.017607906833291054, -0.0386660061776638, -0.023491915315389633, -0.004961692728102207, 0.014628908596932888, 0.028483839705586433, -0.04876883700489998, 0.04585077613592148, 0.05561478063464165, -0.016264986246824265, 0.0020805266685783863, 0.023080186918377876, -0.02968095801770687, -0.0055091492831707, -0.028496917337179184, 0.010764281265437603, -0.03984897583723068, -0.019597524777054787, 0.019145242869853973, 0.0032687350176274776, -0.0312526598572731, 0.007225763518363237, -0.07384321093559265, -0.0661688968539238, 0.05449600890278816 ]
<p>Suppose there's some satellite orbiting the earth in circular motion. Suppose there's an asteroid that hits the satellite in the same direction as the instant velocity vector of the satellite. The collision causes the satellite to move faster. And here are my 2 questions:</p> <p>1) Why will the satellite start moving in an elliptical orbit? Is it because its speed has increased, but the centripetal acceleration hasn't? It seems intuitively right for me, because then the satellite covers larger path before the centripetal acceleration causes the change in the velocity vector direction.</p> <p>2) However, what confuses me is the fact that the centripetal acceleration is dependent on the velocity ($v^2/r$). On the other hand, since the force of gravity exerted on the satellite by the earth, hasn't changed after the hit (if we neglect asteroid's mass or suppose it just fell down after the hit), because there was no change in the radius (i suppose) of the circular path, there was no change in the centripetal acceleration. So these two arguments contradict each other. Where am I wrong? What I miss here? </p> <p>Thanks in advance.</p>
g4599
[ 0.07480235397815704, 0.02234725095331669, 0.018658950924873352, 0.05753518268465996, 0.047308411449193954, 0.03521713241934776, 0.010147047229111195, -0.011483845300972462, -0.053866907954216, -0.009734699502587318, 0.03422366827726364, 0.012655717320740223, 0.09854979068040848, -0.039654891937971115, 0.011584158055484295, -0.04799798130989075, 0.05990029498934746, -0.028953349217772484, -0.017747901380062103, 0.08913367241621017, -0.019378380849957466, -0.03571236878633499, -0.04870370402932167, -0.03815065696835518, 0.04637265205383301, 0.0458575114607811, 0.027135195210576057, -0.012309749610722065, -0.022714534774422646, 0.035194214433431625, 0.02097468078136444, -0.027528127655386925, 0.02357563190162182, -0.07705748826265335, -0.02478800155222416, -0.004081440158188343, 0.031295593827962875, -0.008629629388451576, -0.006878355052322149, -0.01568600721657276, 0.02478165179491043, -0.07313522696495056, 0.014028742909431458, 0.01176546048372984, 0.009990215301513672, -0.02950395457446575, 0.014370182529091835, -0.005360222887247801, 0.0036863815039396286, 0.017028266564011574, -0.05770699307322502, 0.028327923268079758, 0.06356842815876007, -0.023480774834752083, -0.006135860923677683, 0.04142230376601219, 0.07090408354997635, -0.01732797361910343, 0.040531791746616364, 0.008846007287502289, -0.06712348014116287, 0.011603123508393764, -0.007221721578389406, -0.058415185660123825, 0.050142206251621246, -0.08051495254039764, 0.008113997057080269, 0.011965179815888405, 0.0017033866606652737, -0.016619684174656868, 0.000039443511923309416, -0.005155039485543966, -0.04900938272476196, -0.05696874484419823, -0.03303355351090431, -0.01847993955016136, 0.015594612807035446, -0.03308551385998726, 0.01645391806960106, -0.024809731170535088, -0.017118830233812332, 0.07234126329421997, 0.00581715814769268, -0.01721443049609661, 0.049182869493961334, -0.023103967308998108, -0.014303906820714474, 0.02373393252491951, -0.015114843845367432, -0.03194259852170944, 0.030968356877565384, -0.06944312155246735, 0.013146772049367428, 0.035515088587999344, -0.032177578657865524, -0.05608585476875305, -0.05953250452876091, 0.0838293582201004, 0.042251601815223694, 0.057600237429142, -0.028824029490351677, -0.03767598792910576, 0.029192043468356133, -0.01924765855073929, 0.02138732746243477, -0.010855363681912422, 0.00705188000574708, 0.01985826902091503, 0.020169764757156372, -0.03487949073314667, -0.013056614436209202, -0.08891300112009048, 0.03326280415058136, -0.009281737729907036, -0.018153635784983635, -0.03418254479765892, 0.015459386631846428, 0.022942252457141876, -0.005709387362003326, 0.0542251318693161, -0.034871529787778854, 0.03318334370851517, -0.017758918926119804, 0.04908598214387894, -0.020677397027611732, 0.01393095776438713, 0.017023522406816483, 0.004720499739050865, 0.042199064046144485, 0.011681784875690937, -0.055398471653461456, 0.015285006724298, 0.03251483291387558, 0.028402229771018028, 0.024885891005396843, 0.02259666845202446, -0.03743012994527817, -0.01570139266550541, -0.03219868242740631, -0.0011354744201526046, -0.039650801569223404, 0.016516728326678276, 0.01903100684285164, -0.023661892861127853, -0.08064939826726913, 0.05565759167075157, 0.021238407120108604, -0.02559339813888073, 0.06215377897024155, 0.019811859354376793, -0.008988618850708008, 0.05411713197827339, -0.010212749242782593, -0.05227123573422432, 0.0348421148955822, 0.025405993685126305, 0.031229523941874504, 0.04405798017978668, 0.00797390565276146, -0.025278396904468536, 0.10357924550771713, 0.02821427769958973, -0.003199235536158085, 0.010140757076442242, -0.048367150127887726, 0.060170240700244904, 0.0320243164896965, -0.08307933807373047, -0.014142450876533985, 0.009753688238561153, -0.021606208756566048, -0.07288835942745209, 0.04228552058339119, 0.08578215539455414, -0.0814904123544693, 0.056094683706760406, 0.0096833985298872, -0.052851539105176926, -0.007523700594902039, -0.029199954122304916, -0.010687778703868389, -0.0076374998316168785, 0.0458318255841732, 0.026296034455299377, 0.02704286389052868, -0.05531895160675049, 0.00048609304940328, 0.006638821214437485, -0.06996066123247147, 0.0354827456176281, -0.006788823753595352, -0.051682863384485245, -0.010608676820993423, 0.050427619367837906, -0.02554388903081417, 0.013637457974255085, 0.02480013482272625, 0.01741729862987995, -0.09093283861875534, 0.013103856705129147, 0.04450754448771477, 0.019260788336396217, 0.046381011605262756, 0.04125049337744713, 0.025188911706209183, -0.01020252425223589, -0.025997500866651535, -0.012606635689735413, 0.013751343823969364, 0.049972858279943466, 0.05956149846315384, 0.031218895688652992, -0.03821228817105293, 0.03639199957251549, -0.018476763740181923, 0.04710134491324425, 0.0015546065988019109, -0.00328789628110826, 0.03477824106812477, 0.002136943396180868, -0.029776494950056076, -0.06688542664051056, 0.027218008413910866, -0.036742523312568665, -0.034221451729536057, -0.00860030110925436, -0.030060987919569016, -0.020279934629797935, 0.06258972734212875, 0.028961120173335075, -0.01822735369205475, 0.02344450168311596, 0.024847466498613358, -0.05232314020395279, 0.043737418949604034, 0.0013852774864062667, -0.005294899921864271, -0.013373331166803837, 0.04397474601864815, -0.007862710393965244, 0.056416500359773636, -0.04713818430900574, 0.00801072083413601, -0.010115711018443108, 0.056282564997673035, -0.0902571976184845, 0.0665053278207779, -0.009848595596849918, -0.00887911207973957, 0.01621326431632042, 0.023638486862182617, -0.03809157386422157, -0.04622446000576019, 0.012820403091609478, 0.0419200174510479, -0.009587399661540985, -0.08529219776391983, 0.06700484454631805, -0.007392464205622673, 0.04156443849205971, -0.038217078894376755, 0.016712481155991554, 0.025613103061914444, 0.054053641855716705, -0.03176223486661911, 0.03254464641213417, -0.013674432411789894, -0.03238855302333832, -0.02343294955790043, -0.013657434843480587, -0.049541328102350235, 0.035642098635435104, -0.009691194631159306, 0.061421528458595276, 0.03507872298359871, 0.005623328499495983, -0.01831469126045704, -0.001284891040995717, -0.0046777669340372086, 0.011940359137952328, -0.03326654061675072, -0.009255344048142433, -0.0013271392090246081, -0.032015103846788406, 0.028635580092668533, 0.002387440064921975, -0.009033559821546078, 0.045166224241256714, -0.03861499950289726, -0.05373172089457512, -0.012017220258712769, -0.022956958040595055, 0.03915902227163315, 0.033663246780633926, 0.00409423653036356, 0.022493289783596992, -0.013638557866215706, -0.027731969952583313, -0.029964584857225418, -0.0071560535579919815, 0.03693073242902756, 0.009736722335219383, -0.018148520961403847, 0.00588589534163475, 0.007922614924609661, 0.04647592827677727, -0.04461453855037689, -0.08334726840257645, -0.07708346098661423, -0.011280463077127934, -0.020501988008618355, 0.02317461371421814, -0.02843172289431095, -0.01539049856364727, -0.024970781058073044, -0.03920095041394234, -0.04056244716048241, 0.04673810675740242, 0.032663989812135696, 0.06113481894135475, -0.05277309939265251, -0.06876125186681747, -0.052470266819000244, 0.0305903609842062, -0.004435339476913214, 0.03173968568444252, -0.05103860795497894, -0.04664763808250427, 0.020772520452737808, -0.03188608959317207, -0.01714470237493515, 0.0703849047422409, -0.04905025288462639, -0.011276171542704105, -0.02285079099237919, -0.00014534042566083372, 0.004302633460611105, 0.05444230139255524, 0.01854054257273674, 0.07500568777322769, -0.003597811097279191, -0.005985787604004145, -0.021642228588461876, -0.025007499381899834, -0.05243765562772751, 0.04819617047905922, 0.08934063464403152, -0.009960134513676167, -0.028326574712991714, -0.0005684720235876739, 0.07449957728385925, -0.03976045176386833, 0.004496202804148197, -0.02233107015490532, -0.02065945789217949, 0.08348104357719421, 0.03056282177567482, -0.0003116413427051157, -0.05788153409957886, 0.016672540456056595, 0.04102732241153717, 0.0027367782313376665, -0.03643053025007248, 0.027964413166046143, -0.019964640960097313, 0.04896674305200577, -0.046074431389570236, -0.021528108045458794, -0.010131919756531715, -0.0023633770179003477, 0.004360899794846773, -0.005170167423784733, -0.01912613771855831, -0.04358464851975441, 0.09504658728837967, -0.0170519407838583, 0.01329098455607891, 0.05339967831969261, 0.011791401542723179, -0.026986975222826004, 0.01543364580720663, -0.017414899542927742, 0.02650298736989498, 0.02090049535036087, 0.03181605413556099, 0.004259179346263409, -0.030568281188607216, 0.02713111601769924, -0.03866821527481079, -0.04600171372294426, 0.06710652261972427, -0.012861805967986584, 0.00258631375618279, -0.01566462405025959, 0.04865499213337898, 0.03534485399723053, 0.012372780591249466, -0.02866748347878456, 0.019832104444503784, -0.0068839904852211475, -0.0042577097192406654, 0.04580079764127731, -0.03758068010210991, -0.042477212846279144, -0.03252429887652397, 0.04262740537524223, 0.0049485391937196255, -0.0011392557062208652, -0.005023903213441372, -0.022635001689195633, 0.014445205219089985, 0.0479426234960556, -0.04409850388765335, -0.024130206555128098, 0.010347412899136543, 0.028210241347551346, -0.031517911702394485, 0.04342668876051903, 0.033308081328868866, -0.014289634302258492, -0.039331838488578796, 0.027189306914806366, 0.02085578441619873, -0.022260569036006927, -0.022196296602487564, 0.06860308349132538, 0.06363575160503387, -0.03593287244439125, 0.027437830343842506, 0.006729328539222479, -0.01364439632743597, 0.05582301318645477, 0.03890303149819374, 0.06559671461582184, -0.04312935099005699, 0.05043953284621239, 0.0006405371241271496, 0.06772056221961975, 0.04398564249277115, -0.0094721969217062, 0.01849612034857273, 0.06780467182397842, 0.0032029515132308006, 0.003904602024704218, 0.03491365537047386, 0.06189505383372307, 0.00023663791944272816, 0.003755768993869424, 0.018166346475481987, -0.02949390560388565, -0.015431399457156658, 0.007835195399820805, 0.037399496883153915, -0.008416139520704746, 0.010909441858530045, -0.01068919524550438, -0.019213443621993065, 0.005045175086706877, 0.054709967225790024, 0.05418534576892853, -0.005833005532622337, 0.0255417600274086, 0.001428939518518746, 0.03407740592956543, 0.03086847811937332, -0.022886527702212334, 0.00006495359411928803, -0.024802515283226967, -0.03642059490084648, 0.04076099768280983, 0.012163758277893066, -0.01894870214164257, -0.027612436562776566, 0.03496381267905235, -0.018608156591653824, -0.00684965867549181, -0.01982087641954422, -0.0007891263230703771, 0.034661971032619476, -0.03794633969664574, -0.011960887350142002, -0.07634621113538742, 0.009382408112287521, -0.03262193128466606, 0.021482346579432487, 0.01628725603222847, -0.007885299623012543, -0.025429867208003998, 0.05782610923051834, -0.03234975412487984, 0.018901623785495758, -0.03235211595892906, -0.03229127079248428, -0.07080169767141342, -0.028530575335025787, -0.010080611333251, 0.016308041289448738, -0.03154117241501808, 0.007083796430379152, 0.00833850633352995, -0.04618249461054802, -0.015127772465348244, -0.028889313340187073, 0.0024786959402263165, -0.012084666639566422, 0.035624563694000244, 0.07864592969417572, -0.02739657275378704, -0.0031496447045356035, -0.005682275630533695, -0.0037128611002117395, 0.08242560923099518, 0.0272381454706192, -0.011466944590210915, -0.01927461475133896, -0.023020757362246513, -0.006897872779518366, 0.005634563975036144, 0.024324608966708183, 0.010633128695189953, 0.0074363090097904205, 0.005319065414369106, -0.02674052305519581, -0.018838712945580482, 0.053462035953998566, -0.028005890548229218, 0.011022471822798252, 0.026512758806347847, -0.014174219220876694, 0.06513569504022598, 0.005471926648169756, -0.007340318523347378, -0.016175592318177223, 0.008612208999693394, -0.04149237275123596, -0.055047716945409775, 0.006977585610002279, -0.0021306101698428392, 0.05707046389579773, -0.05385475605726242, -0.08065518736839294, -0.0018077688291668892, 0.037687964737415314, 0.05915193632245064, -0.09277566522359848, 0.024778397753834724, 0.003176264464855194, -0.019178804010152817, 0.013298401609063148, -0.02348790504038334, -0.052774038165807724, 0.035071127116680145, 0.01707276701927185, -0.009747618809342384, -0.07791594415903091, 0.05099014192819595, -0.01667269878089428, 0.05360369756817818, -0.01425006240606308, -0.08320608735084534, 0.028948523104190826, -0.01527307741343975, 0.011402389034628868, 0.017013711854815483, 0.04371127858757973, -0.033128079026937485, 0.007087726145982742, -0.01834234781563282, 0.07029476016759872, -0.03236367553472519, -0.021727031096816063, -0.004997436422854662, 0.011212155222892761, 0.008882592432200909, 0.054435569792985916, 0.019511990249156952, -0.039598725736141205, 0.03396960720419884, -0.07754246890544891, 0.042808324098587036, 0.02350461855530739, -0.03530897945165634, 0.029299529269337654, -0.0073039899580180645, -0.00440733227878809, 0.04086911678314209, -0.037279803305864334, -0.0402071513235569, 0.06559956073760986, -0.027655158191919327, -0.04403211548924446, -0.004706571809947491, 0.003645175602287054, 0.022316599264740944, -0.09437111765146255, -0.018210016191005707, -0.07778678089380264, 0.051073167473077774, 0.027243241667747498, 0.04516829177737236, 0.00890758354216814, -0.02447141520678997, 0.10679081082344055, -0.014157949946820736, -0.02697059139609337, -0.015425522811710835, -0.0029154163785278797, -0.049856942147016525, 0.059609826654195786, -0.03143969550728798, 0.011123799718916416, -0.010664171539247036, 0.0025804899632930756, 0.04346797242760658, -0.03689523786306381, -0.02092180959880352, -0.04168058931827545, -0.04118497669696808, -0.01907568983733654, -0.04018273949623108, -0.012627054005861282, -0.011052793823182583, 0.028843464329838753, -0.03204019367694855, 0.034493785351514816, 0.023284805938601494, -0.06907040625810623, 0.014313514344394207, 0.06045380234718323, -0.010265356861054897, 0.024648208171129227, -0.01541869156062603, -0.037945084273815155, 0.04729408398270607, 0.028261687606573105, 0.02963029406964779, 0.04759380593895912, 0.04784286767244339, -0.01642969436943531, 0.023831946775317192, 0.01365602482110262, -0.001366108888760209, -0.04471219703555107, -0.007521603722125292, -0.05799155682325363, -0.012135801836848259, -0.01718010939657688, -0.020665330812335014, -0.029629364609718323, 0.002809014869853854, -0.043679557740688324, -0.042016953229904175, -0.007549437694251537, -0.010503673925995827, 0.004678188823163509, 0.00995146669447422, -0.00825596135109663, -0.0066432342864573, 0.05035785213112831, -0.01879798248410225, -0.026144592091441154, 0.01991070806980133, -0.050687164068222046, 0.04552975669503212, -0.008071906864643097, -0.030785836279392242, 0.000926840293686837, -0.015931889414787292, 0.009754843078553677, -0.001941259135492146, 0.0018037970876321197, 0.014246209524571896, -0.0372978039085865, 0.01667606830596924, 0.008989404886960983, 0.035585250705480576, -0.03392452001571655, -0.0642373338341713, -0.014389270916581154, 0.029007423669099808, -0.0010399597231298685, -0.034771062433719635, 0.08150222152471542, -0.012386824004352093, -0.0428130216896534, 0.0392126627266407, -0.023636002093553543, -0.005606775637716055, 0.011049527674913406, -0.06391242891550064, -0.006334432866424322, 0.03949864208698273, 0.027470208704471588, 0.01997346617281437, -0.011924522928893566, -0.020465083420276642, -0.010432669892907143, 0.05040470510721207, -0.03025789186358452, 0.0077890618704259396, -0.0006061764433979988, -0.022640643641352654, -0.003829570487141609, -0.008565764874219894, 0.033451784402132034, 0.008683387190103531, 0.008713506162166595, 0.00920133851468563, -0.054434482008218765, 0.0030317725613713264, 0.0030946943443268538, -0.01909882016479969, -0.0067252181470394135, -0.04363653063774109, -0.030666781589388847, -0.0115581676363945, 0.023461533710360527, 0.01953023672103882, -0.00327472435310483, -0.02454901486635208, -0.034581445157527924, 0.008390845730900764, -0.0059141963720321655, -0.07652826607227325, -0.008770152926445007, -0.0007036937749944627, -0.0013383470941334963, -0.06096426025032997, 0.013945803977549076, -0.026226114481687546, -0.003726242110133171, -0.013423321768641472, -0.017919519916176796, -0.04298597201704979, -0.016612494364380836, 0.02791805937886238, -0.005463046953082085, -0.05099497735500336, -0.022014040499925613, -0.004040402360260487, -0.05690383538603783, -0.007259699981659651, -0.026437241584062576, 0.026752661913633347, -0.021891245618462563, -0.02119322121143341, 0.05240431800484657, 0.0376468263566494, 0.014563452452421188, -0.006858132313936949, 0.021827498450875282, 0.03468472883105278, -0.07122553884983063, 0.0317387580871582, -0.05967351049184799, 0.04654666408896446, 0.00007395449938485399, -0.01686199940741062, 0.004451652057468891, -0.052180200815200806, 0.009289713576436043, 0.0196800846606493, 0.03186141699552536, -0.07058911770582199, -0.0022391213569790125, -0.010713585652410984, -0.04112408310174942, 0.02571571059525013 ]
<p>This question is about cosmology and general relativity.</p> <p>I understand the difference between the universe and the observable universe. What I am not really clear about is what is meant when I read that the universe is infinite.</p> <ul> <li>Does it have infinite mass or is it dishomogeneous? </li> <li>How can the universe transition from being finite near the big bang and infinite 14 billion years later? Or would an infinite universe not necessarily have a big bang at all?</li> </ul>
g922
[ -0.016692567616701126, 0.030940508469939232, 0.021968048065900803, -0.062469083815813065, 0.014148588292300701, 0.07628313452005386, -0.008392931893467903, 0.08219341188669205, -0.019810808822512627, -0.04872306436300278, -0.003982292488217354, -0.05606761574745178, 0.025251837447285652, 0.027634715661406517, 0.047964684665203094, -0.04077516868710518, 0.040491655468940735, -0.036785583943128586, 0.015186445787549019, 0.00249121873639524, 0.008741246536374092, 0.05531052500009537, 0.01586977392435074, -0.03775176405906677, -0.04605395719408989, -0.002277577295899391, 0.021069971844553947, 0.016277264803647995, -0.010162590071558952, -0.032812729477882385, 0.016480905935168266, -0.06132575869560242, 0.035836704075336456, -0.0010022600181400776, 0.07746152579784393, -0.027252186089754105, 0.016718465834856033, 0.01036004163324833, 0.041939474642276764, -0.012391715310513973, 0.02717641554772854, 0.07521779835224152, 0.024918900802731514, -0.04410092532634735, -0.041843026876449585, 0.022237354889512062, -0.03164835274219513, 0.0015101179014891386, 0.060838114470243454, -0.02506253868341446, -0.024104110896587372, 0.04183366894721985, 0.00070830003824085, 0.02381918579339981, 0.016266079619526863, 0.021853487938642502, -0.001746277092024684, -0.021880773827433586, 0.012214357033371925, -0.009612989611923695, 0.012933713383972645, -0.03737998008728027, 0.06026969850063324, 0.018288251012563705, -0.013866745866835117, -0.008270509541034698, -0.03965882956981659, 0.0018096863059327006, 0.029506715014576912, -0.004682653583586216, 0.0217752568423748, -0.04526268690824509, 0.012882761657238007, -0.05978798493742943, 0.0046884180046617985, 0.06340781599283218, -0.016564184799790382, 0.014081040397286415, -0.02642764523625374, 0.0014597069239243865, -0.05164815112948418, 0.03242010250687599, 0.011814232915639877, 0.01617429219186306, 0.017187513411045074, -0.010946408845484257, -0.05247964709997177, 0.004117706790566444, 0.006238268688321114, -0.01938285119831562, 0.05117378383874893, -0.009183415211737156, 0.019564203917980194, 0.01245587132871151, -0.033046409487724304, -0.043136630207300186, -0.019779251888394356, 0.03613780438899994, -0.008219660259783268, -0.005257836543023586, -0.04827874153852463, 0.033818382769823074, 0.024897150695323944, -0.0013385211350396276, 0.03579612076282501, 0.010202229954302311, -0.022126713767647743, -0.006321850698441267, 0.018039671704173088, 0.0030992927495390177, -0.04093855619430542, -0.06149794161319733, -0.045182593166828156, 0.031887900084257126, -0.03503042086958885, 0.006039850413799286, 0.06501401960849762, 0.04570918530225754, 0.04928315430879593, 0.010731002315878868, 0.01711021177470684, 0.04052627459168434, -0.07867349684238434, 0.03500800579786301, -0.05737173184752464, -0.028470490127801895, 0.025839913636446, -0.04712889716029167, 0.012236000970005989, -0.002694112481549382, 0.03194442018866539, 0.03990297392010689, -0.01668184995651245, -0.027827270328998566, -0.006823535077273846, -0.010039622895419598, 0.029744694009423256, -0.0023268242366611958, -0.0030482790898531675, 0.05363193526864052, 0.002542294329032302, -0.07016567885875702, 0.03153860941529274, -0.0235955361276865, 0.015151879750192165, 0.04364009201526642, -0.011023234575986862, 0.025302041321992874, 0.02816016785800457, -0.008544321171939373, -0.022395554929971695, 0.10385763645172119, 0.05225871130824089, 0.004137876909226179, -0.024976087734103203, -0.03012600727379322, -0.0639164000749588, 0.0001656083477428183, 0.02931266278028488, -0.034977056086063385, 0.01722051575779915, -0.01785450428724289, 0.028091367334127426, -0.007185204420238733, -0.05897792428731918, 0.060540471225976944, -0.03853658586740494, 0.0027845019940286875, -0.010285713709890842, 0.015687882900238037, -0.032838791608810425, 0.02240920253098011, 0.010113836266100407, 0.062195293605327606, 0.042540065944194794, 0.018481861799955368, 0.026631325483322144, 0.05672908201813698, -0.0317324623465538, -0.002267619129270315, -0.01993882842361927, -0.06039861962199211, -0.005938272457569838, 0.05396570637822151, 0.029096797108650208, 0.01383484061807394, -0.04315699636936188, -0.004640355706214905, 0.01968102902173996, -0.0039939479902386665, -0.03873704373836517, -0.05085720866918564, 0.04951753467321396, 0.03150913864374161, 0.02128751203417778, 0.04770047217607498, 0.030880659818649292, -0.03317069262266159, -0.04932475835084915, -0.06972528249025345, 0.04542579874396324, 0.010460097342729568, -0.004050332121551037, 0.0059257992543280125, -0.024231117218732834, 0.0032610613852739334, 0.009155132807791233, 0.02828715182840824, -0.04862052947282791, -0.012017947621643543, 0.09901713579893112, -0.06851030886173248, 0.03343987464904785, -0.012843377888202667, -0.0026366347447037697, 0.04283544048666954, -0.05078013986349106, 0.03321703523397446, -0.011144635267555714, 0.04888413846492767, 0.01761026307940483, 0.030533460900187492, 0.06730227172374725, 0.03183850273489952, 0.040826212614774704, -0.014188874512910843, -0.0012447352055460215, 0.011857687495648861, 0.06237662956118584, 0.06033117324113846, -0.04623150825500488, -0.005847619846463203, 0.06187460198998451, -0.0031444213818758726, -0.03522960841655731, 0.0008441407699137926, 0.0000064216569626296405, 0.015137217938899994, -0.07072606682777405, 0.0171003807336092, -0.01927828975021839, 0.014944268390536308, -0.03268159180879593, -0.005549788475036621, -0.008518640883266926, -0.10153241455554962, 0.07162769138813019, -0.0416574627161026, -0.0008466141880489886, 0.012354242615401745, 0.01898486539721489, -0.007471059449017048, 0.024470197036862373, 0.00037940804031677544, 0.0017210246296599507, -0.03798993304371834, -0.005407079588621855, 0.042302921414375305, -0.05541910603642464, -0.011296556331217289, 0.061562441289424896, -0.06554939597845078, 0.0453658364713192, 0.00576771330088377, -0.04104755446314812, 0.01682809554040432, -0.025432920083403587, 0.007384866010397673, -0.03141891583800316, -0.0240776464343071, 0.0305206049233675, -0.0023995041847229004, 0.015493941493332386, 0.031668808311223984, -0.029235156252980232, 0.00365566392429173, -0.02474852465093136, -0.08958463370800018, 0.03318013623356819, -0.039870135486125946, 0.013918189331889153, 0.017654942348599434, -0.044922538101673126, 0.006815135013312101, 0.028699129819869995, -0.006890404503792524, -0.05861782655119896, 0.010178851895034313, 0.04933509975671768, -0.049661196768283844, 0.0017207926139235497, 0.005979536101222038, 0.05701940506696701, 0.02657257579267025, 0.013632937334477901, 0.05473640561103821, -0.051704779267311096, 0.02295096591114998, -0.06495010107755661, -0.03455837070941925, 0.025793537497520447, -0.0673382505774498, 0.018783818930387497, -0.07333201915025711, -0.04147595539689064, 0.03200250864028931, 0.047998230904340744, 0.0039625708013772964, -0.04507657513022423, -0.018567154183983803, -0.02504056878387928, 0.04717177525162697, 0.04581969976425171, -0.007037912495434284, 0.02839258499443531, 0.031183088198304176, -0.004708555061370134, 0.024595923721790314, 0.03346047177910805, -0.0018095828127115965, -0.04306848719716072, 0.0011729768011718988, -0.028335075825452805, -0.0059136985801160336, 0.007339963689446449, -0.01162815559655428, -0.08685313165187836, -0.005521532613784075, -0.051570482552051544, 0.003225966589525342, -0.0596342608332634, -0.03305036574602127, -0.08027783781290054, -0.03289217874407768, 0.01234523206949234, -0.001515297102741897, -0.050416212528944016, -0.02520015649497509, 0.0629487931728363, 0.010554742999374866, 0.008302165195345879, -0.03143133223056793, 0.0181865394115448, 0.0331982783973217, -0.015104956924915314, 0.05000075697898865, 0.04459955170750618, -0.0727292001247406, 0.007400009781122208, 0.017862245440483093, 0.04393010959029198, 0.007445645984262228, 0.022273026406764984, -0.0016612665494903922, -0.035780999809503555, 0.008333681151270866, -0.008487461134791374, 0.07265561074018478, 0.04852365702390671, -0.04546361416578293, 0.04016454517841339, -0.07769167423248291, 0.04551803320646286, 0.012189378030598164, -0.008534584194421768, 0.03249722346663475, -0.01650206744670868, -0.07963649183511734, 0.0025386852212250233, 0.031230846419930458, -0.03424357622861862, -0.04729283228516579, -0.022271841764450073, -0.0059304069727659225, 0.0514492429792881, -0.0189059991389513, 0.0553104504942894, 0.015896230936050415, 0.010838708840310574, 0.027271751314401627, 0.0447230227291584, 0.004309565760195255, 0.05448631942272186, 0.006109030917286873, 0.00463205436244607, 0.0021846340969204903, 0.010831426829099655, -0.0754777044057846, -0.007742197252810001, -0.013865242712199688, 0.08827121555805206, -0.037101566791534424, 0.030104579403996468, -0.016732361167669296, 0.045577287673950195, -0.04092850536108017, -0.03596687316894531, 0.03476199135184288, 0.037012979388237, 0.018703343346714973, -0.0022580870427191257, 0.033750809729099274, -0.028206828981637955, -0.006053898949176073, 0.010536524467170238, -0.005226673558354378, 0.014398928731679916, -0.01722545549273491, -0.007455918472260237, -0.054433248937129974, 0.007580568548291922, 0.005739739630371332, 0.007363436743617058, 0.0033142443280667067, 0.03303390368819237, -0.024157393723726273, 0.002976628951728344, -0.050960153341293335, 0.007540123071521521, 0.04580700770020485, -0.008934363722801208, 0.05331770330667496, -0.02596149779856205, -0.02883431874215603, -0.0007159010856412351, 0.05206098034977913, 0.0031790887005627155, -0.009676653891801834, -0.04202398657798767, 0.02128695510327816, 0.0025312616489827633, 0.04310299828648567, 0.025235330685973167, 0.10303723812103271, -0.09404439479112625, 0.08003047853708267, 0.0030046156607568264, -0.006069038528949022, -0.029933204874396324, -0.03507544845342636, 0.08088216930627823, -0.037722423672676086, -0.02586946450173855, 0.03941721469163895, -0.012078761123120785, 0.07052769511938095, 0.027289841324090958, -0.04786347597837448, 0.0013734347885474563, -0.0660858228802681, -0.008573895320296288, 0.030105557292699814, -0.031954970210790634, -0.021310336887836456, -0.001025678007863462, -0.044746991246938705, 0.048561941832304, 0.030049247667193413, -0.0546506829559803, 0.0224087405949831, -0.0355440191924572, -0.003591409884393215, 0.0037969821132719517, 0.04390735924243927, 0.026052219793200493, -0.049275681376457214, -0.03681300953030586, -0.023042820394039154, -0.008377422578632832, -0.005442945286631584, -0.01614958792924881, 0.03765960410237312, 0.03349854424595833, 0.01920190081000328, -0.03772377967834473, 0.013109450228512287, -0.028638705611228943, -0.049431536346673965, 0.0044784159399569035, -0.032826151698827744, -0.0306575745344162, -0.01851745694875717, 0.03140328451991081, 0.019028332084417343, 0.04569773003458977, 0.048120927065610886, -0.04779825359582901, -0.032087355852127075, -0.003619380993768573, -0.014840624295175076, -0.005408302880823612, -0.00314585049636662, 0.08040566742420197, 0.019304173067212105, -0.001313893124461174, -0.029376104474067688, -0.010968849062919617, -0.023976990953087807, -0.024267591536045074, 0.023357996717095375, -0.0023392606526613235, 0.03147263079881668, 0.024149570614099503, 0.0005085467710159719, -0.06156472489237785, 0.026982396841049194, 0.01640533283352852, -0.003865632461383939, 0.0016775858821347356, 0.048122063279151917, 0.012353753671050072, -0.012599210254848003, -0.002310254843905568, 0.05682186782360077, 0.03195635601878166, 0.0015416466630995274, -0.01386721059679985, -0.0606599822640419, -0.016968613490462303, 0.004344533663243055, -0.11645921319723129, 0.05007552355527878, 0.06389611959457397, 0.019896933808922768, 0.012421289458870888, -0.007526698987931013, -0.008761455304920673, -0.05379718542098999, 0.004309842362999916, -0.025494061410427094, 0.07558342069387436, -0.0058365873992443085, 0.02307724766433239, -0.0268538985401392, -0.034420277923345566, 0.0518181137740612, 0.0067493971437215805, 0.002960818586871028, -0.005174554884433746, -0.018456703051924706, 0.013567700982093811, -0.01606770232319832, 0.005180026404559612, 0.06007786840200424, 0.02513348124921322, -0.004521373193711042, -0.041235532611608505, 0.03687285631895065, 0.07294517010450363, -0.046090323477983475, -0.07614800333976746, 0.02459634840488434, 0.053626395761966705, 0.04395830258727074, -0.014264175668358803, 0.0788484588265419, 0.020221685990691185, -0.006047883071005344, -0.032926108688116074, -0.027516376227140427, -0.022217268124222755, 0.011705811135470867, -0.013751323334872723, -0.037677399814128876, -0.004466744139790535, -0.08261237293481827, -0.021212050691246986, -0.06304538995027542, 0.09543335437774658, -0.0008553710649721324, 0.03525269031524658, 0.027585167437791824, 0.015127466060221195, 0.00029604442534036934, 0.009373308159410954, 0.005251227878034115, -0.018434839323163033, -0.03683791309595108, -0.011490801349282265, -0.006411190610378981, 0.018592026084661484, -0.005129626952111721, 0.040375713258981705, -0.024598674848675728, 0.0191209614276886, 0.011408046819269657, -0.018290996551513672, -0.03508878871798515, 0.016964977607131004, -0.05123988538980484, -0.023769671097397804, -0.04630270227789879, 0.025128638371825218, -0.03348759561777115, -0.027554407715797424, 0.04944251477718353, -0.01458186749368906, -0.06915277987718582, -0.01145875547081232, -0.008518706075847149, -0.034114763140678406, -0.005238925572484732, 0.03364952653646469, 0.051572494208812714, 0.061601780354976654, 0.00497552240267396, -0.053149718791246414, -0.0009795743972063065, 0.06808700412511826, -0.013656971976161003, 0.04144429415464401, 0.009995285421609879, 0.0005607533967122436, -0.010264979675412178, 0.015037639066576958, -0.010598398745059967, -0.05656865984201431, -0.015941917896270752, -0.007676520850509405, -0.03296180069446564, 0.008075974881649017, -0.02123795449733734, 0.013576912693679333, 0.06610452383756638, -0.056234028190374374, 0.027472738176584244, -0.028437500819563866, 0.04864535853266716, 0.036033373326063156, 0.022579165175557137, -0.0066016120836138725, -0.04145986959338188, 0.015138393267989159, 0.011039931327104568, 0.027251286432147026, 0.05210760235786438, -0.05433310940861702, 0.0247036125510931, 0.015737442299723625, -0.019062969833612442, 0.006852279882878065, 0.042731497436761856, 0.028741607442498207, 0.05033324658870697, -0.016069402918219566, 0.030195903033018112, -0.025161055848002434, -0.05703289434313774, -0.045444048941135406, -0.04774819687008858, -0.028288932517170906, -0.02167893946170807, -0.03217457979917526, 0.06090467423200607, -0.05587197095155716, 0.031830739229917526, -0.04879353567957878, -0.03096145950257778, 0.00709714088588953, -0.09483668208122253, -0.027575617656111717, 0.023992320522665977, -0.01680067740380764, 0.0008640968007966876, -0.0011793790617957711, 0.0006169337430037558, 0.020296061411499977, -0.07037218660116196, -0.002067764289677143, -0.03838745877146721, -0.01293998397886753, -0.01889129914343357, -0.008202063851058483, -0.015155723318457603, 0.04989031329751015, -0.03178807348012924, -0.07191143929958344, 0.008550629019737244, 0.04633913189172745, -0.005661015398800373, -0.03957495465874672, 0.07596762478351593, -0.002345263957977295, 0.024200493469834328, -0.025307297706604004, 0.025132302194833755, 0.02806488238275051, -0.0047065396793186665, -0.007789358496665955, -0.05545070022344589, -0.035770121961832047, -0.018593421205878258, -0.021329334005713463, -0.02160445600748062, 0.02617376483976841, -0.017653197050094604, -0.0017232656246051192, -0.0018028417835012078, 0.06770061701536179, -0.025905337184667587, 0.011263475753366947, -0.008024103008210659, -0.06376787275075912, -0.01187216117978096, 0.022044135257601738, 0.034778375178575516, -0.06994140148162842, -0.0034220560919493437, -0.019357673823833466, 0.02014090120792389, 0.007765547372400761, 0.030349791049957275, 0.005771303083747625, -0.000113543079351075, -0.025081198662519455, 0.03333218768239021, 0.026760250329971313, -0.024441063404083252, -0.019121753051877022, -0.04932800680398941, -0.009616910479962826, -0.005696187727153301, 0.05862027406692505, -0.03807774558663368, -0.06308237463235855, -0.00028494160505943, -0.035902634263038635, -0.02704632468521595, -0.07692272961139679, -0.019120946526527405, -0.014555270783603191, 0.01497842837125063, -0.024418672546744347, -0.028458289802074432, -0.09109266102313995, 0.08013742417097092, 0.005576572380959988, -0.01772458478808403, -0.0049172015860676765, -0.011865787208080292, 0.000875170691870153, 0.02360432781279087, 0.01738910749554634, 0.05502898991107941, 0.0627313032746315, -0.0008038015803322196, -0.025231776759028435, 0.018684377893805504, 0.04527776688337326, -0.029667576774954796, -0.020435497164726257, 0.06861915439367294, -0.008990508504211903, 0.03190015256404877, -0.0289933942258358, -0.018420934677124023, 0.034237004816532135, -0.008075104095041752, -0.022242972627282143, -0.015482679009437561, 0.009314614348113537, 0.06022549793124199, -0.001720456057228148, -0.006055223289877176, -0.04251526668667793, -0.0011733409482985735, 0.006558836903423071, -0.024281879886984825 ]
<p>Here's something that I've found difficult to wrap my head around. The relationship between the Schwarzschild radius and mass is linear. It's generally known that if you take an object in the universe and squeeze it down to it's Schwarzschild radius, that radius will always be smaller than smaller than the original object's radius. E.x, the sun has 1 solar radius, which is much larger than it's Schwarzschild radius of 3 km.</p> <p>But if you started calculating Schwarzschild radius for an object with really high mass, things seem to get a bit funky. Take an object that has a mass of $10^{100}$ kilograms. The corresponding Schwarzschild radius for that is $1.48513 \times 10^{73}$ meters. But if we took an object that has the density of the Sun (1410 $kg/m^{-3}$) and tried to find it's radius normally, we end up with a radius of $1.19244 \times 10^{32}$ meters which is smaller than the Schwarzchild radius. How is this possible? I understand that you won't be able to have an object that large enough to even consider this to be "possible", but this still is confusing to me. Are my calculations off?</p>
g4600
[ 0.03426491841673851, 0.02907630428671837, 0.018872151151299477, 0.04129352048039436, -0.01486556138843298, 0.021350286900997162, -0.011611162684857845, 0.0021648637484759092, -0.07448110729455948, -0.02699141390621662, -0.016676275059580803, -0.024065399542450905, 0.003380622947588563, 0.010774435475468636, 0.03455400839447975, 0.012655729427933693, 0.01256051566451788, -0.017436111345887184, 0.05155250430107117, 0.006881698500365019, 0.03301612287759781, -0.050737619400024414, 0.05227071791887283, -0.018043015152215958, -0.06318391859531403, 0.05616213008761406, 0.03276605159044266, 0.04035741835832596, -0.02257860265672207, -0.026765072718262672, -0.012159363366663456, 0.052547771483659744, 0.011143463663756847, -0.011053998954594135, 0.03058462217450142, -0.01071619987487793, 0.014472992159426212, 0.02006876841187477, 0.005390634294599295, 0.01661103405058384, 0.005833174102008343, -0.041590481996536255, 0.024194858968257904, 0.037727128714323044, 0.02990736812353134, 0.02026655524969101, -0.007401606533676386, 0.03205064684152603, 0.06505425274372101, -0.036292944103479385, -0.0490567609667778, 0.03677841275930405, 0.01690646819770336, -0.009452701546251774, 0.023746242746710777, 0.020112568512558937, 0.04205362871289253, -0.0034990659914910793, 0.030175145715475082, 0.023016195744276047, 0.0313277393579483, -0.0032113089691847563, 0.019992943853139877, -0.0007289756904356182, 0.057428017258644104, 0.030848221853375435, -0.029373183846473694, -0.0361935980618, -0.011765403673052788, -0.038294702768325806, 0.011019472032785416, -0.025368966162204742, -0.007950848899781704, -0.07089635729789734, -0.037666529417037964, -0.018618352711200714, 0.029468756169080734, 0.024752918630838394, 0.003980098757892847, 0.016702722758054733, -0.005102958530187607, 0.0018349994206801057, 0.027251651510596275, 0.01790367253124714, 0.039183590561151505, -0.007627612445503473, -0.009195741266012192, 0.029489299282431602, -0.0643482655286789, 0.031075967475771904, -0.0004912851727567613, -0.03507619723677635, 0.03843473270535469, 0.034315075725317, 0.0023673204705119133, -0.0020727284718304873, -0.028596045449376106, 0.053691308945417404, -0.032190099358558655, -0.02221795544028282, 0.019154803827404976, 0.008899834007024765, 0.015023842453956604, 0.022992001846432686, -0.05275730416178703, 0.013024561107158661, -0.010447603650391102, 0.02200973592698574, -0.0098942331969738, -0.027396541088819504, -0.03449411690235138, -0.10247890651226044, -0.014515557326376438, -0.02224143221974373, -0.07799769937992096, -0.05708123743534088, 0.058339208364486694, -0.003812206443399191, 0.013638774864375591, 0.036673806607723236, -0.026074904948472977, 0.022580834105610847, 0.022438781335949898, 0.04522552713751793, -0.03183158487081528, -0.035647038370370865, 0.0068330285139381886, -0.00830887258052826, 0.046604275703430176, -0.010730300098657608, -0.016071295365691185, -0.011672157794237137, 0.02607733942568302, -0.02660546265542507, 0.010925465263426304, 0.027060555294156075, -0.03472062200307846, 0.028027743101119995, -0.035690780729055405, -0.006146661937236786, 0.01521832775324583, -0.0155302993953228, -0.003957643639296293, -0.0235481858253479, -0.06940033286809921, 0.04462721198797226, -0.02060217596590519, -0.001981633249670267, -0.008213954977691174, 0.01858612336218357, 0.028547292575240135, 0.00987235177308321, 0.011938579380512238, -0.03431310877203941, -0.010534889996051788, 0.03923724591732025, -0.04096841439604759, 0.022525500506162643, 0.006654774770140648, -0.0015115143032744527, 0.067102812230587, -0.0650525763630867, -0.01860734634101391, 0.0015954329865053296, -0.02276933565735817, 0.023524511605501175, 0.011853866279125214, -0.0571385957300663, -0.05295487865805626, -0.0363679863512516, -0.0475609265267849, 0.0032345603685826063, -0.014303315430879593, 0.008425663225352764, -0.0453198179602623, 0.013801551423966885, 0.009937450289726257, 0.0020310075487941504, 0.005356993526220322, 0.05650392919778824, -0.017901083454489708, -0.03107490949332714, -0.0024632064159959555, -0.018852053210139275, 0.048995714634656906, -0.0021530722733587027, 0.11572351306676865, 0.04231240600347519, 0.06641366332769394, 0.011677242815494537, -0.059293851256370544, -0.022654255852103233, 0.0430108867585659, 0.026327885687351227, 0.015330051071941853, 0.0030742594972252846, 0.009314986877143383, 0.027191031724214554, -0.04947909340262413, 0.006867383141070604, -0.002874835394322872, 0.014205975458025932, 0.029941527172923088, 0.022506091743707657, 0.06080058962106705, -0.027072910219430923, -0.023914683610200882, 0.03448072448372841, 0.033857330679893494, -0.017628123983740807, 0.0297906082123518, -0.04561729356646538, 0.021022072061896324, 0.001934638014063239, -0.0026187875773757696, -0.013918972574174404, -0.03334565833210945, -0.014866416342556477, -0.010050449520349503, 0.02013245038688183, -0.04853721708059311, -0.027706177905201912, 0.05694159120321274, -0.03274039179086685, -0.003874600864946842, 0.07161197066307068, -0.048519864678382874, 0.03996725007891655, 0.03575603663921356, -0.00027936010155826807, -0.016993163153529167, 0.02793022058904171, -0.012460380792617798, 0.028395522385835648, -0.018010756000876427, 0.033978208899497986, -0.010743247345089912, -0.060505542904138565, -0.02751624770462513, 0.03733297437429428, 0.040576983243227005, 0.0033873231150209904, -0.03258557990193367, -0.011384597048163414, 0.05819303169846535, -0.028464920818805695, 0.0542616993188858, 0.008408060297369957, -0.039012376219034195, 0.019450288265943527, -0.028959663584828377, 0.022913599386811256, -0.01363936997950077, -0.03262743353843689, 0.017261208966374397, 0.010378911159932613, -0.018942801281809807, 0.02962648682296276, -0.016382401809096336, -0.060440607368946075, -0.0034723374992609024, 0.028574055060744286, 0.05742918699979782, -0.007950164377689362, -0.07900763303041458, -0.025463365018367767, -0.07745248079299927, -0.04280418902635574, -0.008500603027641773, 0.011959750205278397, -0.036959223449230194, 0.04144946485757828, 0.031078211963176727, 0.04061853513121605, 0.018855756148695946, -0.0015549672534689307, -0.02805377170443535, 0.03418593108654022, 0.08808907866477966, 0.00006944956840015948, 0.004193296656012535, 0.05569084733724594, -0.07047929614782333, 0.013778981752693653, 0.028331086039543152, -0.07615774869918823, -0.01856941729784012, 0.023200662806630135, -0.00656951405107975, -0.05257491394877434, -0.011313964612782001, 0.05758111923933029, 0.032237958163022995, 0.04345565661787987, 0.013276604004204273, 0.06549093127250671, -0.029635362327098846, 0.007167312316596508, -0.04297083988785744, 0.016797203570604324, 0.014946007169783115, 0.0038880284409970045, 0.02369958907365799, -0.028138544410467148, -0.02393615059554577, 0.052993252873420715, -0.0305629875510931, -0.027226459234952927, -0.05128776654601097, -0.041918881237506866, 0.03786871209740639, 0.030812423676252365, 0.017355527728796005, -0.004973392002284527, -0.04694908484816551, -0.07107479125261307, 0.023103486746549606, -0.024771977216005325, 0.02731144428253174, -0.015981212258338928, 0.0023760104086250067, -0.01963764801621437, 0.0021660509519279003, -0.01165250688791275, 0.00969527568668127, 0.007111663930118084, -0.10894539207220078, -0.050755441188812256, -0.025898154824972153, -0.03688040003180504, -0.01284621562808752, 0.02066466026008129, -0.022739682346582413, -0.0005845496780239046, -0.05382459983229637, 0.025606846436858177, -0.030380025506019592, -0.010717860423028469, 0.10923133790493011, -0.007109927479177713, 0.013044639490544796, -0.006006391253322363, -0.016179578378796577, -0.003633021842688322, -0.051424674689769745, 0.1248081624507904, -0.02479693479835987, -0.04137081652879715, 0.023896055296063423, -0.04194522649049759, 0.014785579405725002, 0.049958158284425735, 0.02008720673620701, -0.008489384315907955, 0.032964594662189484, 0.05772506073117256, 0.007852211594581604, 0.03726145625114441, 0.03245694562792778, -0.021110517904162407, 0.03965326026082039, -0.045752014964818954, -0.03640701249241829, -0.01549946516752243, -0.017835205420851707, -0.024906501173973083, 0.03953838348388672, -0.007173757068812847, 0.014714844524860382, -0.0036174599081277847, -0.04966447502374649, -0.020538879558444023, -0.02592557668685913, 0.02584991417825222, 0.06821411848068237, -0.02742745541036129, 0.039140600711107254, 0.03537578508257866, 0.01691102795302868, 0.00012529616651590914, 0.06198343262076378, 0.03235730156302452, 0.015425889752805233, -0.03387236222624779, 0.009187333285808563, -0.03185885399580002, -0.041967879980802536, -0.03759370744228363, 0.04793551564216614, 0.01109404768794775, -0.020323563367128372, -0.0985727459192276, -0.02057349495589733, -0.03351485729217529, 0.05397740378975868, -0.028077535331249237, 0.018542632460594177, -0.044706664979457855, -0.03991551697254181, 0.01268878672271967, 0.011300308629870415, 0.02040022239089012, 0.022692471742630005, -0.01764957420527935, -0.025554968044161797, 0.03213910385966301, 0.07024732977151871, 0.02587997540831566, 0.0065558901987969875, -0.015107483603060246, 0.061234235763549805, -0.0045288847759366035, 0.020846419036388397, -0.09026643633842468, 0.002383619314059615, -0.00738181546330452, -0.04453742131590843, 0.009977957233786583, 0.015007439069449902, 0.025148671120405197, -0.031368810683488846, -0.005462318658828735, -0.02656296081840992, 0.037441596388816833, 0.010906362906098366, 0.023454319685697556, -0.006400972604751587, -0.04192239046096802, 0.016455434262752533, 0.03490425646305084, 0.015530677512288094, 0.021762020885944366, 0.05890385061502457, -0.019900688901543617, -0.0534781888127327, 0.031005997210741043, -0.026903832331299782, 0.0522334910929203, -0.04399287700653076, -0.009221109561622143, -0.02214953303337097, 0.033646177500486374, 0.012499610893428326, 0.0021680661011487246, 0.04652279615402222, -0.00657504890114069, -0.013243632391095161, -0.006083858665078878, -0.03738036006689072, -0.0070197428576648235, -0.03596992418169975, -0.01732678711414337, 0.01112724095582962, -0.0067990669049322605, -0.014511430636048317, 0.01460542157292366, 0.014294371008872986, 0.044400956481695175, 0.042761705815792084, 0.0033906863536685705, -0.03604182228446007, 0.021776430308818817, 0.03296248987317085, 0.05763207748532295, 0.013174871914088726, -0.07662457227706909, -0.04232707992196083, 0.01151178777217865, -0.013938607648015022, 0.06061204895377159, -0.049643147736787796, 0.07003328204154968, 0.016195982694625854, 0.004816914442926645, -0.04327463358640671, -0.010653735138475895, -0.04779495671391487, -0.0586785152554512, -0.022683074697852135, -0.07258791476488113, -0.044114045798778534, 0.062388163059949875, -0.022764025256037712, 0.006659041158854961, -0.014421414583921432, 0.05120713263750076, -0.032827600836753845, 0.03699793666601181, -0.00006773813220206648, 0.03232785686850548, 0.04906731843948364, 0.008256617933511734, 0.01848232001066208, 0.02024194970726967, -0.013272887095808983, 0.01504508312791586, 0.04583903029561043, -0.05013592913746834, -0.0004549402219709009, 0.008591979742050171, -0.013084626756608486, -0.0239153653383255, -0.03158285468816757, 0.000399493525037542, -0.041204992681741714, 0.021610591560602188, 0.08384544402360916, 0.01885942555963993, 0.043750226497650146, 0.05004559084773064, 0.08340001851320267, 0.06176939606666565, 0.0011892671464011073, 0.007997230626642704, -0.045377183705568314, -0.07451973855495453, -0.019185390323400497, 0.04443110525608063, 0.02477676421403885, -0.008436978794634342, 0.024814656004309654, 0.006496569607406855, 0.044272687286138535, -0.05093810334801674, 0.006987948436290026, 0.004699962679296732, -0.016374940052628517, 0.005348692182451487, 0.0066640484146773815, 0.0549127459526062, -0.02567213773727417, -0.018282311037182808, 0.0020061898976564407, 0.007062884978950024, 0.011200716719031334, -0.003792047966271639, 0.03011091612279415, 0.024777019396424294, 0.0540597178041935, 0.031257860362529755, 0.06645188480615616, -0.03571140021085739, -0.030081484466791153, 0.035759858787059784, -0.004064677283167839, 0.005051750224083662, 0.023882901296019554, 0.054641369730234146, 0.043155696243047714, -0.01979379914700985, -0.06136728823184967, -0.02306404709815979, -0.06353731453418732, 0.034832946956157684, 0.014606066048145294, 0.01234881766140461, 0.041605908423662186, -0.000782723305746913, -0.032637257128953934, -0.01654568873345852, 0.04847242310643196, -0.014115878380835056, -0.009388751350343227, -0.07250356674194336, -0.033742696046829224, -0.10980156809091568, 0.02091560885310173, -0.056651871651411057, 0.05108548328280449, 0.026354681700468063, -0.021638335660099983, -0.020683711394667625, 0.011516680009663105, -0.02493741177022457, 0.047413527965545654, 0.03321518748998642, -0.04518410935997963, 0.013118925504386425, 0.032963111996650696, -0.024137673899531364, 0.03441571816802025, 0.011789529584348202, 0.010823879390954971, -0.08818580955266953, -0.01991971582174301, 0.013509421609342098, -0.06544600427150726, 0.009968382306396961, 0.015813257545232773, -0.05545343458652496, -0.011154326610267162, -0.002512815175577998, -0.062073297798633575, -0.03390654921531677, -0.043599240481853485, -0.04547462984919548, 0.02653311751782894, 0.016862384974956512, -0.04117482900619507, -0.01918640360236168, -0.002716488903388381, 0.0840400904417038, 0.07777782529592514, 0.03441445529460907, 0.061462584882974625, -0.00711065111681819, 0.00011411735613364726, 0.03555483743548393, 0.025458354502916336, -0.0377030111849308, -0.04696306213736534, 0.08122557401657104, -0.003990226425230503, 0.04926599562168121, 0.02421904355287552, -0.035884447395801544, 0.017433637753129005, -0.0028891521506011486, -0.07769542932510376, -0.10454097390174866, 0.024599874392151833, 0.010466943494975567, -0.04456140473484993, -0.10064257681369781, 0.04631398618221283, 0.03177912160754204, 0.012258106842637062, -0.0025657406076788902, 0.03873959928750992, 0.017590008676052094, 0.025568446144461632, 0.000007222711701615481, 0.014708520844578743, 0.04439670592546463, 0.040431100875139236, 0.07460765540599823, -0.055261049419641495, 0.05175896733999252, -0.0036229463294148445, 0.062152836471796036, 0.0015427502803504467, -0.06529062986373901, -0.011010461486876011, 0.058628518134355545, -0.08327674865722656, -0.029212310910224915, -0.011016872711479664, 0.02051909640431404, -0.06750298291444778, -0.04387145861983299, 0.001305782119743526, 0.04239409416913986, -0.06838516145944595, -0.006604433059692383, -0.01651950366795063, -0.019448796287178993, -0.04672649875283241, 0.05036594346165657, -0.009389638900756836, -0.08316339552402496, -0.04051327705383301, -0.006542172748595476, 0.022860931232571602, -0.0149686299264431, 0.0072235167026519775, 0.01225710567086935, 0.0027826617006212473, -0.020161425694823265, -0.0022456373553723097, 0.009467191062867641, -0.029080495238304138, 0.023776652291417122, -0.054607972502708435, -0.03049333579838276, -0.0036467653699219227, 0.04733012989163399, 0.029644383117556572, -0.024842707440257072, 0.01953449845314026, 0.02388097532093525, -0.037143316119909286, 0.0319039411842823, -0.047726258635520935, 0.01578160934150219, -0.018787167966365814, 0.03631577268242836, -0.059986669570207596, 0.0028283679857850075, 0.031245406717061996, 0.04159398376941681, -0.03109000436961651, 0.0430227555334568, -0.032037101686000824, 0.015367148444056511, 0.008110768161714077, 0.01551960501819849, -0.005428009200841188, 0.044513482600450516, 0.04139545559883118, 0.03801097348332405, -0.05590261518955231, -0.031432949006557465, -0.020891666412353516, 0.022216850891709328, 0.043199826031923294, 0.024800771847367287, -0.05924130231142044, 0.024608086794614792, -0.002866613445803523, 0.03680507466197014, 0.016610335558652878, -0.002512932289391756, -0.04001276195049286, -0.020379308611154556, 0.008905874565243721, -0.0015456464607268572, 0.02173512801527977, 0.019741768017411232, -0.05576975643634796, -0.07259195297956467, -0.008181772194802761, 0.026893749833106995, 0.04640981927514076, -0.038996558636426926, -0.029674287885427475, -0.05317022651433945, 0.024237265810370445, -0.024784669280052185, -0.032963648438453674, -0.00020968612807337195, -0.01762424036860466, 0.01767192967236042, -0.014069336466491222, -0.07043078541755676, -0.009507359005510807, -0.0031450847163796425, -0.03384759649634361, -0.000663548766169697, -0.02346600405871868, -0.017599375918507576, 0.0307005662471056, -0.039566636085510254, 0.017153732478618622, 0.00992544461041689, 0.002098809229210019, -0.054353803396224976, -0.054190464317798615, 0.04076714068651199, 0.031088290736079216, -0.05008698254823685, -0.06089496985077858, 0.011889370158314705, 0.01297121774405241, -0.0022498872131109238, 0.027853045612573624, -0.029580403119325638, -0.03920880705118179, -0.06364861875772476, -0.02691737562417984, -0.02389201708137989, 0.03759600967168808, 0.008478429168462753, -0.046100977808237076, 0.029086535796523094, 0.03344011306762695, -0.016257399693131447, -0.03587567061185837, 0.04151352867484093 ]
<p>I think we all heard general statements like "once big enough star burns out there is nothing to prevent the gravitational collapse ending in a black hole". But I can't remember even seeing the process described precisely.</p> <p>Here's the deal: at first there is a nice object, a star. Stars can be nicely modeled by general relativity, nuclear physics and statistical physics combined and very much is known about these models and it can be observed whether they agree with things like light and neutrino fluxes, surface temperature and probably also lot of other stuff I know nothing about.</p> <p>After the collapse we are left with another nice object, a black hole. We know that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No-hair_theorem">black holes have no hair</a>.</p> <p>The question is: what happens in-between? More precisely, between the time when all of the nuclear material has been burned out (and if possible ignore effects like reheating of the star after big enough compression) and the time where there is nothing more than just a black hole.</p> <blockquote> <ul> <li><p>Give a description of what happens during the collapse?</p></li> <li><p>How does the star "lose its hair"?</p></li> <li><p>Can the actual collapse be solved analytically?</p></li> <li><p>At what point is singularity created?</p></li> </ul> </blockquote> <p><strong>Update:</strong> <em>I don't want to know what an outside observer will see. Instead, I'd like to find out what an individual part of the dead star will "feel" when a black hole is about to form near it. In other words, I want a complete solution (ideally analytical, but numerical would be also completely fine)</em></p> <p>Feel free to assume anything that makes your life easier. Spherical symmetry is definitely fine. Also, if for any reason the questions don't make sense (like Cauchy problem is ill-defined in the presence of the singularity) feel free to interpret them in a way that make them sensible (e.g. assume that black hole is built from D-branes).</p> <hr> <p>Also, I have a feeling that what I intended as a simple question at first ended up being pretty complex. If you think it should be split into smaller (and therefore more manageable and answerable) parts, let me know.</p>
g4601
[ -0.009369539096951485, -0.003798488061875105, 0.026557305827736855, -0.020953692495822906, -0.0260359775274992, 0.03231159597635269, 0.010568037629127502, 0.05601414293050766, -0.03948964551091194, -0.028792090713977814, -0.04896833002567291, 0.013923523016273975, 0.04869973659515381, -0.002658575540408492, 0.0682152509689331, 0.005220507737249136, 0.03070598840713501, -0.06014768034219742, 0.002105121035128832, -0.0050585390999913216, -0.008909483440220356, 0.03440218046307564, 0.06622176617383957, -0.044484131038188934, -0.08786141127347946, -0.01344195008277893, 0.016867375001311302, 0.05723428353667259, -0.03752628341317177, -0.054020028561353683, 0.03311895579099655, 0.018212508410215378, 0.013703275471925735, -0.02146586775779724, 0.029410216957330704, -0.04614408686757088, -0.0374431274831295, -0.01837952993810177, -0.03602946177124977, 0.014181086793541908, 0.025702960789203644, -0.05176178738474846, 0.017462313175201416, -0.06895306706428528, -0.025287365540862083, -0.05371719226241112, 0.03282729908823967, -0.0465192012488842, 0.07172901928424835, -0.008064006455242634, 0.03274643048644066, 0.05877426266670227, 0.02894308790564537, -0.041361406445503235, 0.007380723021924496, 0.03934251889586449, 0.011611353605985641, 0.004059577360749245, 0.018134720623493195, -0.015198769979178905, -0.044428493827581406, 0.005525888875126839, -0.024148762226104736, -0.032920945435762405, 0.031024208292365074, -0.052623018622398376, -0.043289992958307266, -0.011400191113352776, -0.0014316907618194818, 0.009363883174955845, 0.0023273893166333437, 0.025235820561647415, 0.039528798311948776, -0.005384160205721855, -0.07292091846466064, 0.03670824319124222, -0.05381125584244728, 0.025125863030552864, -0.030796730890870094, 0.01336554903537035, -0.06582527607679367, 0.04913777485489845, 0.01663673296570778, 0.0590156726539135, 0.023633025586605072, 0.015620608814060688, -0.03273974731564522, 0.006243223324418068, -0.011707337573170662, 0.019503094255924225, 0.008872457779943943, 0.008444405160844326, 0.04414629191160202, -0.04461243376135826, 0.07130110263824463, -0.007153592072427273, 0.003205907763913274, 0.045188967138528824, 0.002431744011119008, 0.019833575934171677, 0.0025539665948599577, -0.0121693080291152, -0.058867279440164566, -0.020960265770554543, -0.007023740094155073, 0.006605179514735937, -0.007945756427943707, 0.05875129625201225, -0.03410923108458519, 0.05102993920445442, -0.07643325626850128, -0.04672416299581528, -0.01836913637816906, 0.011848528869450092, -0.014031556434929371, 0.0019409542437642813, 0.07464738935232162, -0.03664546087384224, 0.02762153185904026, 0.03978408873081207, -0.02711465023458004, 0.009123015217483044, 0.0165416169911623, -0.011452745646238327, -0.015082667581737041, -0.040590595453977585, -0.006571183912456036, -0.003526444546878338, -0.002473242813721299, 0.03958272188901901, 0.05448726937174797, 0.0015719932271167636, -0.006805322133004665, 0.08033046126365662, -0.004304942674934864, 0.04661788418889046, 0.0017418167553842068, 0.025904132053256035, 0.01827891916036606, -0.03134872019290924, 0.021380629390478134, -0.03876955434679985, -0.057386524975299835, 0.035844702273607254, 0.016534879803657532, 0.017981208860874176, 0.033782560378313065, 0.013129517436027527, 0.0026417342014610767, 0.018865711987018585, 0.0067322938703000546, 0.07741474360227585, -0.013864520005881786, -0.053067442029714584, 0.024296870455145836, 0.04009806737303734, 0.04026619344949722, -0.002000124892219901, -0.012922036461532116, -0.04260268434882164, 0.07898369431495667, -0.030737631022930145, -0.0016214356292039156, 0.08490968495607376, -0.05042257532477379, 0.04070088267326355, -0.017169352620840073, -0.09052018076181412, 0.03766286000609398, -0.029238060116767883, -0.017676377668976784, -0.03519238904118538, 0.02002684585750103, 0.0751754567027092, 0.0317133292555809, -0.0066001093946397305, 0.019709423184394836, -0.014591998420655727, 0.0021821092814207077, -0.012956984341144562, 0.02636147104203701, 0.018101604655385017, 0.025421028956770897, -0.011771387420594692, 0.02355809137225151, -0.01709901914000511, 0.05464330315589905, 0.06779255717992783, -0.010211415588855743, 0.04126662015914917, -0.02551041729748249, -0.02602207288146019, 0.06266502290964127, 0.046057842671871185, 0.016892166808247566, 0.017060916870832443, 0.0661684200167656, -0.04186999797821045, -0.012720621190965176, 0.03520137071609497, -0.005745306611061096, -0.002384511288255453, -0.011616112664341927, 0.05539742484688759, -0.01861186884343624, 0.04248272627592087, -0.051180656999349594, 0.020783796906471252, -0.033477626740932465, -0.010584804229438305, 0.047659024596214294, -0.06498564034700394, 0.034450314939022064, -0.031157294288277626, -0.05141925439238548, -0.011206709779798985, -0.06959722191095352, 0.02510453201830387, -0.0441603846848011, 0.016854489222168922, -0.020022980868816376, -0.02303285524249077, 0.02366022951900959, -0.03674973174929619, 0.03383057937026024, 0.052628934383392334, -0.036284711211919785, -0.0544755719602108, 0.038663238286972046, -0.059370968490839005, -0.08776332437992096, 0.023742489516735077, 0.0010916886385530233, -0.03938384726643562, 0.021134579554200172, 0.05441786348819733, 0.03331054374575615, -0.05270983278751373, 0.005620084702968597, 0.05974773317575455, -0.00239727389998734, -0.01611240953207016, -0.03955128416419029, -0.0726873055100441, 0.06483574956655502, -0.03086880035698414, 0.0417625866830349, -0.0304921492934227, -0.0049982257187366486, 0.004056648351252079, 0.02307611145079136, -0.011957211419939995, 0.016981221735477448, -0.021147575229406357, 0.0000035499988371157087, -0.03223848715424538, 0.0044555761851370335, 0.06882014870643616, -0.031697724014520645, -0.03868423402309418, 0.028375644236803055, 0.00042983057210221887, -0.03301166370511055, 0.0005783027154393494, -0.07372257113456726, -0.004655168391764164, -0.0462227426469326, -0.0441635437309742, 0.013582173734903336, 0.04325868934392929, -0.0024457129184156656, -0.00850551389157772, 0.032471247017383575, 0.034611549228429794, -0.003253413364291191, 0.04360494017601013, -0.07747185975313187, 0.04827026650309563, 0.0629839301109314, -0.019012268632650375, 0.015359606593847275, 0.03802374377846718, -0.09432021528482437, -0.013061576522886753, -0.01523479912430048, -0.022784268483519554, 0.045238692313432693, 0.03507837653160095, -0.005834219977259636, -0.01950019784271717, 0.0047036586329340935, -0.008454871363937855, -0.00013445485092233866, 0.04545707255601883, -0.01854829117655754, 0.02513539232313633, -0.032440684735774994, 0.03296487033367157, -0.025310086086392403, 0.02184729091823101, 0.02700495906174183, -0.04919811338186264, 0.005094943568110466, 0.0008423895924352109, 0.010392865166068077, 0.046668630093336105, -0.05296149477362633, -0.03335009515285492, 0.00024025983293540776, -0.06262259930372238, 0.0063757156021893024, -0.024451442062854767, 0.02288222871720791, -0.0034889564849436283, 0.012962188571691513, -0.030910398811101913, -0.019648484885692596, 0.03261654078960419, -0.00701051764190197, -0.039581138640642166, -0.013875079341232777, 0.002789214951917529, -0.014958580024540424, -0.012770211324095726, 0.015316899865865707, -0.022580338642001152, -0.004298811312764883, -0.009099416434764862, -0.042574863880872726, 0.004790574312210083, -0.07366852462291718, -0.05177667737007141, 0.0025643554981797934, -0.01796228252351284, -0.009967604652047157, -0.02283819019794464, -0.04189600050449371, -0.044450122863054276, 0.042513564229011536, 0.0266436655074358, 0.020541148260235786, -0.011179434135556221, 0.03764159232378006, 0.024563034996390343, 0.04008535295724869, -0.007136188913136721, -0.0012135048164054751, -0.020324477925896645, 0.02122803032398224, -0.03185096010565758, 0.007916072383522987, -0.059833139181137085, 0.04607803001999855, -0.042510949075222015, -0.041453711688518524, 0.05051140487194061, 0.014736628159880638, -0.03340741619467735, 0.03438010811805725, -0.00020630461222026497, 0.026797974482178688, -0.07226402312517166, 0.025286316871643066, 0.017968516796827316, -0.0012725807027891278, -0.021591907367110252, 0.0942373052239418, -0.05464906245470047, -0.010689839720726013, 0.04686393588781357, 0.06194155290722847, 0.0695282444357872, -0.031570665538311005, -0.013131233863532543, 0.010946471244096756, -0.03920483961701393, 0.040333375334739685, 0.017805734649300575, -0.0007729033823125064, 0.04592662304639816, 0.03664594143629074, 0.014697841368615627, 0.00026829360285773873, -0.021051818504929543, 0.004226294811815023, 0.007406211923807859, -0.014654607512056828, -0.0797576755285263, 0.031780995428562164, -0.031929805874824524, -0.004062671214342117, -0.043451350182294846, -0.006490288767963648, -0.0778355672955513, 0.0472545400261879, 0.00045234127901494503, 0.008413094095885754, -0.037363309413194656, -0.04359014704823494, -0.04793226718902588, 0.04818487539887428, 0.0288835596293211, 0.013364501297473907, 0.011352102272212505, 0.051297593861818314, -0.0483439564704895, -0.010396866127848625, -0.014457421377301216, -0.001478995312936604, -0.015152102336287498, 0.020241184160113335, 0.03805350139737129, -0.013737702742218971, 0.01219742652028799, 0.03976515680551529, -0.07706835865974426, 0.04781254008412361, 0.0030392755288630724, -0.014728124253451824, -0.02732264995574951, 0.023557111620903015, -0.004051059950143099, -0.03540812432765961, 0.0006994379800744355, -0.04085545241832733, -0.027515612542629242, 0.014240807853639126, 0.027943264693021774, 0.02031693048775196, 0.04638943448662758, 0.036621566861867905, -0.003440030850470066, 0.016359418630599976, 0.01525045745074749, -0.05476447939872742, 0.05670168250799179, -0.04121369123458862, 0.02863241173326969, -0.059846192598342896, 0.062248650938272476, 0.02909504435956478, -0.04194207862019539, 0.016653643921017647, 0.0010653105564415455, -0.002634666860103607, 0.019757788628339767, -0.0009165295050479472, -0.03348642587661743, -0.03879019618034363, -0.03470133990049362, -0.02208663709461689, 0.038531310856342316, -0.017279185354709625, -0.07481195032596588, -0.040631089359521866, 0.021716954186558723, 0.004988339263945818, 0.07726797461509705, 0.01654747501015663, 0.0496298186480999, -0.0195802953094244, -0.05737859383225441, -0.00809855293482542, 0.04128830507397652, 0.008827880956232548, -0.0586087591946125, -0.03685848042368889, -0.03804325312376022, 0.009509327821433544, -0.0036320374347269535, -0.08257889747619629, 0.042741913348436356, 0.027768651023507118, -0.043333202600479126, -0.012132070027291775, 0.047897014766931534, -0.0026725882198661566, -0.022501900792121887, 0.054369404911994934, -0.002838675631210208, 0.017383165657520294, 0.014820724725723267, 0.03098391368985176, 0.022577237337827682, 0.0906171053647995, 0.013920043595135212, -0.016389552503824234, 0.006712745409458876, -0.01025825459510088, 0.016007130965590477, -0.03740939497947693, 0.008282053284347057, 0.010996667668223381, 0.02790839783847332, -0.003067467361688614, -0.07068118453025818, -0.0036644181236624718, -0.01527863834053278, -0.017458826303482056, 0.0005988167249597609, -0.03497283533215523, 0.001824933453463018, -0.010503043420612812, 0.05826637148857117, 0.000596804020460695, 0.020238885655999184, 0.000989978201687336, -0.008405845612287521, 0.08792178332805634, 0.06128891184926033, -0.013068274594843388, 0.04344281554222107, 0.009535357356071472, 0.019548971205949783, -0.02424931526184082, -0.04877064749598503, 0.006947334855794907, -0.01315405871719122, 0.0004141374956816435, -0.031493011862039566, -0.04162105545401573, -0.028976375237107277, 0.010212247259914875, 0.06868228316307068, 0.06672997772693634, 0.0077822827734053135, -0.08932503312826157, 0.009183675050735474, 0.025158990174531937, -0.008583130314946175, 0.018743880093097687, -0.03145469352602959, -0.0070508853532373905, -0.011024360544979572, -0.003121286630630493, 0.06281670182943344, -0.017743190750479698, -0.007895675487816334, 0.05105655640363693, -0.014283833093941212, -0.029429573565721512, 0.04894493892788887, -0.005973470397293568, 0.05188983306288719, 0.0060224877670407295, -0.015744192525744438, -0.05699751153588295, 0.0656566247344017, 0.011166354641318321, -0.046253472566604614, -0.05512016639113426, -0.011115219444036484, -0.006948219146579504, 0.05536790192127228, 0.001386226387694478, -0.015222818590700626, 0.07017282396554947, -0.064186692237854, 0.003982937894761562, -0.06600300222635269, -0.026309989392757416, -0.01318206824362278, 0.0032753683626651764, 0.007530213799327612, 0.034470222890377045, -0.026071887463331223, -0.03686089068651199, -0.005501339677721262, 0.08497123420238495, -0.00945519283413887, -0.03799896314740181, -0.0030674058943986893, 0.036229319870471954, 0.03380674868822098, -0.0013624909333884716, 0.009656156413257122, -0.003213751595467329, 0.03561338037252426, -0.004120462574064732, -0.03277589753270149, 0.029221490025520325, -0.01070555578917265, 0.07018624246120453, -0.03249238803982735, -0.0013918060576543212, 0.0006944962660782039, -0.02331177145242691, 0.007497371174395084, -0.006077398546040058, 0.04523072764277458, 0.023681441321969032, 0.050122082233428955, 0.041227810084819794, 0.022573202848434448, -0.06189039349555969, 0.028963498771190643, -0.0011328679975122213, -0.06884707510471344, -0.008213161490857601, -0.07919879257678986, -0.07081948220729828, 0.06412062048912048, 0.059927549213171005, 0.014764292165637016, -0.006807269062846899, 0.029958130791783333, -0.046557266265153885, -0.04839234799146652, 0.03495243191719055, -0.015300068072974682, 0.02356027066707611, 0.04269210994243622, -0.002860361011698842, 0.026223214343190193, 0.035161565989255905, -0.015200529247522354, -0.0006664494285359979, 0.0342111811041832, 0.006893247831612825, 0.033458955585956573, -0.019527534022927284, -0.05012530833482742, 0.04246767610311508, -0.02402910403907299, 0.02241280861198902, 0.04985126480460167, -0.006628546863794327, 0.020885121077299118, -0.011100297793745995, 0.01469380408525467, 0.002912457101047039, 0.02661055140197277, -0.021781492978334427, 0.04328334704041481, 0.01029515266418457, 0.04578394442796707, -0.014865447767078876, -0.008638152852654457, 0.026431987062096596, 0.013099904172122478, 0.02690683677792549, -0.020976988598704338, 0.020331256091594696, 0.03236011415719986, -0.045833323150873184, 0.051490940153598785, 0.0031223397236317396, -0.026033686473965645, -0.07488187402486801, -0.026220958679914474, 0.020302722230553627, -0.018538614735007286, -0.017512379214167595, -0.021617989987134933, -0.04965280741453171, 0.023519428446888924, 0.024839838966727257, -0.010585132986307144, -0.021507391706109047, -0.057127565145492554, 0.01980840042233467, -0.0433177575469017, -0.014217519201338291, -0.03559328615665436, -0.010990161448717117, 0.01832139492034912, 0.10052567720413208, -0.05049830675125122, 0.01808156445622444, -0.06100540608167648, 0.019104676321148872, 0.0007307499763555825, -0.0822424590587616, -0.040781013667583466, -0.01627444289624691, -0.046009425073862076, -0.015467703342437744, 0.028420845046639442, 0.006379298400133848, 0.011502617970108986, 0.02923385426402092, 0.027741214260458946, -0.013519754633307457, -0.00231588794849813, -0.0009297149372287095, 0.03564722090959549, -0.013390478678047657, 0.07356760650873184, 0.012738002464175224, 0.07069040089845657, -0.026918422430753708, 0.06294737011194229, 0.0049870871007442474, -0.012077736668288708, 0.03231862932443619, -0.039884053170681, 0.003195982426404953, 0.015728624537587166, -0.012348444201052189, -0.03253425285220146, -0.025460487231612206, 0.051363907754421234, -0.011607221327722073, -0.08916576951742172, -0.018405387178063393, 0.015132163651287556, -0.041440196335315704, -0.004100375808775425, -0.03506762906908989, 0.006929574068635702, 0.07849741727113724, 0.0545426569879055, -0.027422934770584106, -0.035662658512592316, 0.001084133516997099, -0.052970558404922485, -0.012748531065881252, -0.023944443091750145, 0.010464026592671871, -0.007980029098689556, -0.06500539183616638, -0.03487721458077431, -0.0067121791653335094, 0.022811289876699448, 0.018502946943044662, -0.013642730191349983, -0.046947479248046875, 0.030014358460903168, 0.0016916317399591208, -0.01939895562827587, -0.045213453471660614, -0.01923215389251709, -0.007677364628762007, 0.008961737155914307, 0.026452766731381416, 0.0003844306047540158, -0.031024331226944923, -0.03275911137461662, -0.04571530222892761, 0.02538962848484516, -0.04736052453517914, -0.04908601939678192, 0.019151225686073303, -0.020286887884140015, -0.010972940362989902, -0.04820096492767334, 0.008166422136127949, 0.0637110248208046, 0.08796903491020203, 0.012127486988902092, 0.015515822917222977, 0.015433721244335175, 0.02399025671184063, 0.029713904485106468, 0.018296582624316216, -0.01877066120505333, -0.057329606264829636, 0.015184469521045685, -0.045509930700063705, 0.016166621819138527, -0.03623688593506813, 0.011599286459386349, -0.021164657548069954, -0.017726043239235878, 0.02182859554886818, -0.0335012823343277, 0.0644853413105011, -0.041153158992528915 ]
<blockquote> <p><strong>Possible Duplicate:</strong><br> <a href="http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/14074/what-are-the-prerequisites-to-studying-general-relativity">What are the prerequisites to studying general relativity?</a> </p> </blockquote> <p>I'am 27 now and i have a burning desire to study math and physics from the ground up and I strongly prefer doing a self study.I want to be a self tutor till i reach certain level.</p> <p>My question is what is the minimum knowledge needed to read and completely understand the General and Special Theory of Relativity.</p> <p>As of now my level of math knowledge is basic differential calculus.I also have a basic understanding of Kinematics {One dimensional motion with constant acceleration}</p> <p>I welcome all possible sugessions,advices and recomendations.</p> <p>Thank's in Advance</p>
g108
[ -0.004057388752698898, 0.07549303770065308, 0.006089627277106047, 0.02836623042821884, -0.028454730287194252, 0.055457208305597305, 0.043472081422805786, 0.03024524822831154, -0.006436637602746487, 0.003256617346778512, 0.011279664002358913, 0.00343916448764503, 0.026704177260398865, 0.012676677666604519, -0.008775748312473297, -0.0353766568005085, 0.04477754980325699, -0.008193368092179298, 0.018438370898365974, 0.005163202993571758, 0.05482889339327812, 0.020117808133363724, 0.03493179380893707, -0.03802615776658058, -0.0631508156657219, -0.028916368260979652, -0.04245039075613022, 0.03192606940865517, -0.0834149494767189, -0.01479080319404602, 0.004042539279907942, -0.028209274634718895, 0.035015515983104706, -0.0524720624089241, 0.008154512383043766, -0.033046603202819824, 0.03616863489151001, 0.028689557686448097, -0.03145487233996391, 0.03540119156241417, 0.014020407572388649, 0.007394132204353809, 0.0002776094770524651, -0.014583883807063103, 0.0754241794347763, 0.0014745172811672091, -0.03636445105075836, -0.04205304756760597, 0.04093964025378227, 0.002626162488013506, -0.011526904068887234, 0.018883563578128815, 0.05646355822682381, -0.010698264464735985, -0.04216969758272171, 0.05347287282347679, -0.05506567656993866, -0.008478078059852123, 0.03503856807947159, -0.06266359984874725, 0.02686569094657898, -0.011121861636638641, 0.004970153793692589, 0.004524885211139917, -0.03178127482533455, 0.01146810594946146, -0.03809426724910736, -0.06417427957057953, 0.06835758686065674, -0.03787832707166672, 0.03617188334465027, -0.011534254066646099, 0.015922868624329567, 0.03278287127614021, 0.020570674911141396, -0.0011393793392926455, 0.03696846216917038, 0.003669368103146553, 0.031721826642751694, 0.0017732902197167277, -0.03786743804812431, -0.026966748759150505, 0.037647075951099396, -0.02523987926542759, 0.07718741148710251, -0.031039385125041008, -0.04900490865111351, -0.03789597377181053, 0.010421845130622387, 0.017558135092258453, 0.006614604499191046, -0.005453687626868486, 0.050851862877607346, 0.05236312747001648, 0.04419584199786186, 0.003445382695645094, -0.028998134657740593, 0.05689161270856857, 0.05859172344207764, 0.01761702634394169, -0.0622573122382164, -0.018045460805296898, -0.003069442231208086, -0.014859641902148724, -0.001186863286420703, -0.018160859122872353, -0.008604330010712147, 0.016816802322864532, 0.04969702661037445, -0.010258247144520283, -0.09371738135814667, 0.010342447087168694, -0.024968260899186134, -0.05187288671731949, -0.05246526747941971, -0.010945440270006657, 0.02443188987672329, 0.029411453753709793, -0.020618578419089317, 0.025004256516695023, -0.037128422409296036, 0.0585382804274559, 0.06996136903762817, 0.06584333628416061, -0.04487378150224686, -0.030230481177568436, 0.002519075060263276, -0.05129010230302811, -0.023285076022148132, 0.04796706140041351, 0.0168862733989954, -0.02795630879700184, -0.011098174378275871, 0.030960600823163986, -0.047030288726091385, 0.03809691220521927, 0.02047698386013508, 0.010928653180599213, 0.0017869614530354738, -0.006203186698257923, 0.02269386686384678, 0.008196947164833546, 0.025089751929044724, -0.007847176864743233, -0.017597801983356476, 0.013352484442293644, -0.01569082960486412, 0.0392036959528923, -0.04631794989109039, 0.022769745439291, -0.03396422788500786, 0.06701618432998657, 0.028727175667881966, -0.035936951637268066, 0.100577212870121, 0.0028193900361657143, -0.04107045382261276, -0.028335530310869217, 0.07567752152681351, 0.030264895409345627, 0.061653729528188705, 0.016470205038785934, -0.013641138561069965, 0.05693208798766136, -0.060064896941185, 0.035250745713710785, -0.02889528125524521, -0.06247738376259804, 0.05371522158384323, -0.015761464834213257, -0.03850770741701126, -0.029029062017798424, 0.019296184182167053, 0.020714158192276955, -0.03514378145337105, -0.024281248450279236, 0.012159989215433598, -0.01986304111778736, -0.017745109274983406, 0.013164093717932701, 0.03200457990169525, -0.08342176675796509, -0.010164851322770119, -0.012458479963243008, -0.011610923334956169, 0.015953639522194862, -0.07029557228088379, 0.029501231387257576, -0.03604097664356232, 0.04097835719585419, 0.00275411200709641, -0.01614636741578579, 0.0252767875790596, 0.04726097360253334, 0.00954304076731205, 0.009808417409658432, 0.01570230722427368, 0.055269643664360046, -0.021913500502705574, 0.03193410485982895, -0.03703216463327408, 0.018690234050154686, 0.0728473961353302, 0.04870119318366051, 0.026387017220258713, -0.015736905857920647, -0.020216142758727074, -0.024263447150588036, 0.0834924727678299, -0.011913328431546688, 0.03849450871348381, -0.05547008663415909, 0.041052184998989105, -0.01499151811003685, -0.009650075808167458, -0.0775444358587265, -0.025026151910424232, -0.0031625747215002775, 0.011580815538764, 0.027708545327186584, -0.03717561066150665, 0.006213564891368151, 0.01745125651359558, 0.01064989808946848, -0.03666011616587639, 0.045851945877075195, -0.00159210164565593, -0.035321664065122604, 0.06453032046556473, 0.007112120743840933, -0.043534841388463974, 0.021879667416214943, 0.04972440376877785, -0.03309468924999237, 0.051603734493255615, 0.03053516335785389, -0.01315205730497837, -0.04679957404732704, 0.007518686354160309, 0.025060933083295822, 0.004640635102987289, 0.05067360773682594, 0.025911973789334297, -0.04255475476384163, -0.013527204282581806, -0.058450497686862946, 0.06388575583696365, 0.00256130238994956, -0.03617270290851593, -0.039005082100629807, -0.01929895579814911, -0.013756443746387959, -0.08089151978492737, 0.05379475653171539, -0.01032600924372673, 0.0076250480487942696, -0.02642136998474598, -0.020432867109775543, -0.01835515908896923, -0.04602743685245514, 0.030618513002991676, -0.0319085530936718, -0.025310777127742767, 0.050706785172224045, -0.045905906707048416, 0.029658975079655647, -0.0727260410785675, 0.04304170981049538, -0.0010987441055476665, -0.004344519227743149, 0.03273307532072067, 0.005098247900605202, -0.0394747368991375, -0.02105393446981907, -0.06173441559076309, -0.021627429872751236, -0.04157228022813797, -0.008860384114086628, -0.01850561797618866, 0.007591504603624344, -0.011810778640210629, -0.014310501515865326, -0.0053898049518466, -0.029894400388002396, 0.07953184843063354, 0.01179482415318489, 0.007890013977885246, 0.0233323872089386, -0.0069031124003231525, 0.0501135028898716, 0.0055497149005532265, 0.05470655858516693, 0.015469303354620934, -0.015429682098329067, -0.001737874699756503, 0.05146709457039833, -0.037804171442985535, -0.001942039467394352, -0.09558714926242828, 0.029315274208784103, -0.022359533235430717, -0.019025443121790886, -0.0012287002755329013, -0.02740899659693241, -0.0642680823802948, -0.011731921695172787, -0.01318503636866808, -0.025975126773118973, -0.02993515133857727, -0.01503930427134037, 0.0017350579146295786, 0.007971652783453465, 0.04392244666814804, -0.015414613299071789, 0.010247502475976944, 0.01960054598748684, -0.01830212213099003, -0.008045989088714123, -0.006581130437552929, 0.010204094462096691, 0.016754912212491035, -0.007308353204280138, -0.04980691894888878, -0.022085916250944138, 0.03306040167808533, 0.020486891269683838, 0.03920130431652069, -0.0243732538074255, -0.018582617864012718, 0.02095172554254532, 0.02013823762536049, 0.0009947895305231214, -0.06598956882953644, 0.026210883632302284, 0.01736334338784218, -0.012425207532942295, -0.010681341402232647, -0.012098540551960468, 0.02248908020555973, -0.01797541044652462, 0.08720297366380692, 0.005822692532092333, -0.04031608998775482, -0.01023080013692379, 0.01963847503066063, 0.03434811905026436, 0.046806998550891876, 0.033656563609838486, -0.006055245641618967, -0.01801344007253647, 0.00667031854391098, -0.023800041526556015, 0.019853228703141212, 0.002246144460514188, -0.03590426966547966, 0.05104845389723778, 0.07890733331441879, 0.11704879999160767, 0.02154170162975788, -0.004804485011845827, -0.04440433531999588, -0.041894569993019104, 0.004055295139551163, 0.03834239020943642, -0.019127871841192245, 0.02076897956430912, -0.03283417224884033, -0.04953043907880783, 0.0019349876092746854, 0.01946144737303257, 0.0015546820359304547, -0.010183172300457954, -0.0038026985712349415, -0.026633841916918755, -0.009405495598912239, -0.04264130815863609, 0.06277207285165787, 0.0002858720254153013, -0.03003508970141411, 0.003452017903327942, 0.030962172895669937, 0.017704276368021965, 0.009385792538523674, -0.019044505432248116, 0.04615674912929535, 0.005733275320380926, -0.0012681582011282444, -0.01854057051241398, 0.009137986227869987, 0.0013772910460829735, 0.06995517015457153, -0.04255784675478935, 0.010411233641207218, -0.014933391474187374, 0.010824275203049183, -0.01581479050219059, 0.02552160993218422, 0.058309029787778854, -0.0004562268150039017, 0.042355090379714966, -0.030337834730744362, 0.024425223469734192, 0.03741752728819847, 0.01204371266067028, -0.025569003075361252, 0.018212707713246346, -0.007147772237658501, -0.029402071610093117, 0.022396232932806015, 0.036879222840070724, 0.036156702786684036, 0.017232757061719894, 0.01625184714794159, 0.010807698592543602, 0.0501287616789341, -0.02077428251504898, -0.02657283842563629, -0.02149587869644165, 0.017524251714348793, -0.015358828008174896, 0.025126364082098007, 0.06768445670604706, 0.016154784709215164, -0.10405121743679047, -0.004255728796124458, 0.07482730597257614, 0.021793505176901817, 0.03293847665190697, 0.00507977744564414, 0.04383697360754013, 0.0476534366607666, -0.010388954542577267, -0.070460744202137, -0.022818392142653465, -0.10453217476606369, 0.014396912418305874, 0.06856813281774521, 0.058097515255212784, -0.020845631137490273, -0.007004455663263798, 0.032975293695926666, 0.06678047776222229, -0.01114299613982439, 0.004728967323899269, -0.032604433596134186, 0.02533242292702198, -0.018035931512713432, 0.022593719884753227, -0.01585444249212742, -0.011635622009634972, 0.011733204126358032, 0.012946917675435543, 0.01646503433585167, -0.020059658214449883, -0.04884163662791252, 0.006004950497299433, -0.024629276245832443, 0.019343990832567215, 0.011417125351727009, 0.021712804213166237, 0.04799586161971092, 0.030103636905550957, 0.04548519477248192, 0.036829084157943726, 0.02199072390794754, -0.024695543572306633, -0.023034345358610153, -0.009756322018802166, -0.022702906280755997, -0.034272417426109314, -0.04059286415576935, -0.03851049393415451, -0.007386284880340099, -0.06502672284841537, -0.022532310336828232, -0.011501350440084934, -0.054079558700323105, 0.00005163296009413898, -0.037007108330726624, -0.011171516962349415, -0.010565812699496746, -0.021623874083161354, -0.017305102199316025, 0.031315408647060394, 0.046893130987882614, 0.03404228761792183, -0.046333495527505875, -0.006727155763655901, 0.010808072052896023, -0.041469696909189224, -0.05169730260968208, -0.0358567088842392, 0.03813342750072479, -0.024162475019693375, -0.11903518438339233, -0.02622106671333313, -0.007666918449103832, -0.03211528807878494, 0.05362766236066818, -0.017163937911391258, -0.04672253504395485, -0.00017233466496691108, 0.03935719653964043, -0.041583701968193054, -0.025423090904951096, -0.05307904630899429, -0.03918556123971939, -0.005713580176234245, -0.050601281225681305, 0.05134177207946777, -0.03798608109354973, 0.01819799467921257, 0.0401516892015934, -0.0029929615557193756, -0.005971877835690975, 0.013894456438720226, 0.03434182330965996, 0.0325031615793705, -0.02672463096678257, -0.051170818507671356, -0.04344020411372185, -0.008379853330552578, -0.0036000870168209076, -0.011666347272694111, 0.009368409402668476, 0.010778657160699368, -0.06402559578418732, 0.014844718389213085, 0.03987938538193703, 0.0020717212464660406, 0.03161086142063141, -0.04301581159234047, -0.0038069828879088163, -0.012503665871918201, -0.011442157439887524, -0.019388215616345406, 0.010274037718772888, -0.06119031831622124, 0.011921240016818047, -0.06468329578638077, -0.05126788839697838, 0.04913105443120003, 0.004852313548326492, 0.03896086663007736, -0.023648247122764587, -0.03138645365834236, -0.012292589992284775, 0.016826525330543518, 0.10522216558456421, -0.08316700905561447, -0.08738112449645996, -0.002708245301619172, -0.00587444519624114, -0.02790629118680954, -0.0053310575895011425, 0.042826466262340546, -0.024065211415290833, -0.036549247801303864, 0.010457688942551613, -0.030981209129095078, -0.004290760029107332, -0.0038749652449041605, -0.00871235691010952, 0.005972289480268955, -0.02182008884847164, -0.05195620283484459, 0.015182159841060638, -0.05117517337203026, 0.12367434054613113, 0.01745772548019886, -0.058400001376867294, -0.008021974004805088, -0.05828193575143814, -0.01994597725570202, 0.012478386051952839, -0.021565567702054977, -0.02779848873615265, -0.015217149630188942, -0.021737605333328247, 0.00923954788595438, 0.017214804887771606, 0.03510328009724617, 0.008152085356414318, -0.08236192911863327, -0.05387793481349945, 0.005106951575726271, -0.024238748475909233, 0.025852978229522705, -0.03877276927232742, -0.010908091440796852, -0.034334298223257065, 0.018036777153611183, 0.007271031383424997, -0.044109415262937546, -0.008870508521795273, -0.000624649808742106, 0.08581070601940155, -0.0019832078833132982, 0.027613377198576927, 0.01834944821894169, -0.05443976819515228, -0.023520147427916527, 0.04222914204001427, 0.0035659342538565397, 0.0316573865711689, 0.044373542070388794, -0.007421381305903196, -0.014223149977624416, 0.005796069744974375, 0.030567681416869164, 0.006245243828743696, 0.016419749706983566, 0.01886831223964691, 0.048548877239227295, -0.0348525196313858, -0.0021471804939210415, -0.051684822887182236, 0.01011723093688488, 0.007988331839442253, -0.10664226114749908, 0.07220245897769928, 0.04646662250161171, 0.03318985924124718, 0.032510727643966675, 0.004982474260032177, -0.008681196719408035, -0.015498565509915352, 0.005343467462807894, 0.04360610991716385, -0.046051912009716034, -0.00022303650621324778, -0.018679220229387283, -0.03585796803236008, -0.026781121268868446, 0.04738341271877289, 0.0753287747502327, 0.0016487656394019723, 0.05001009628176689, 0.028483867645263672, 0.03842518851161003, -0.024760697036981583, -0.019342860206961632, -0.014155007898807526, -0.035436082631349564, -0.04084903746843338, -0.05444108322262764, 0.044708140194416046, -0.04894471541047096, -0.02507827617228031, 0.06099504977464676, 0.015107644721865654, -0.030512675642967224, -0.021636800840497017, 0.03962201997637749, -0.09200219064950943, 0.017294876277446747, -0.0008541260031051934, -0.05196571722626686, 0.050869375467300415, -0.029135871678590775, 0.03332199528813362, -0.0026809528935700655, -0.013045858591794968, -0.010381641797721386, -0.042262956500053406, 0.053636714816093445, 0.021399127319455147, -0.044246360659599304, -0.009297151118516922, 0.01066634338349104, -0.018980782479047775, 0.012124737724661827, 0.01855066604912281, -0.027903666719794273, -0.01724443957209587, 0.006549298297613859, -0.08304672688245773, -0.03001604974269867, 0.01301878783851862, -0.04392820596694946, -0.06605163961648941, 0.05902640148997307, 0.006403262261301279, 0.050039030611515045, -0.04301159828901291, -0.004678558558225632, 0.05800802633166313, -0.024212468415498734, -0.007129998411983252, -0.006767766550183296, -0.039705947041511536, -0.02356274612247944, 0.005413501523435116, -0.007955127395689487, 0.05381321907043457, -0.004636249039322138, 0.03569280728697777, 0.04251168295741081, 0.043773021548986435, 0.0049811480566859245, -0.018670622259378433, 0.007130105514079332, -0.03291211649775505, 0.01476751733571291, -0.04093041270971298, 0.02789783477783203, -0.04689205810427666, 0.005378550384193659, -0.053123001009225845, 0.027995405718684196, 0.008126785978674889, -0.002254449063912034, 0.02600352093577385, 0.023704763501882553, 0.0039454130455851555, 0.033599548041820526, -0.00010669864423107356, 0.011843969114124775, 0.012661733664572239, -0.008977584540843964, 0.045276809483766556, 0.03115754947066307, 0.04097624495625496, -0.040796633809804916, -0.055466264486312866, -0.04557584226131439, -0.004198977258056402, -0.014151106588542461, 0.023869363591074944, -0.011469129472970963, 0.045793384313583374, -0.029308371245861053, -0.06523213535547256, 0.07546751946210861, 0.003768192371353507, 0.04732156917452812, 0.04415939375758171, -0.05366664007306099, 0.005949802231043577, 0.06290654838085175, 0.042326536029577255, 0.0663183182477951, -0.015888340771198273, 0.04509834200143814, 0.008811569772660732, -0.004458812531083822, 0.003785919863730669, 0.04372645169496536, 0.013597285374999046, -0.050207700580358505, -0.05357775837182999, 0.01562083512544632, 0.03875207528471947, 0.008850154466927052, 0.003938782960176468, -0.07205454260110855, 0.02859591133892536, 0.000841526547446847, -0.013008223846554756, -0.02132749930024147, -0.003437385195866227, 0.01029891986399889, 0.043042827397584915, 0.004088497720658779, -0.04139094427227974, -0.012798343785107136, 0.005557876080274582, 0.004275801125913858 ]
<p>Consider an point particle moving on a frictionless semicircular hill (curve). The particle's initial kinetic energy is equal to the potential energy on the top of the hill, i.e it has the necessary energy to climb the hill. </p> <p>Will it reach the top of the hill in infinite or finite time? </p> <p>In my proof it needs infinite time and this is quite non-intuitive because, though the particle has the necessary energy to climb the hill, it needs an infinite time. Also if we reverse the time, when the particle is in equilibrium on the top of the hill, it will never go down, therefore this process is time irreversible.</p>
g4602
[ 0.05720782279968262, 0.07023967802524567, 0.006697195582091808, 0.01738499291241169, 0.07713942229747772, 0.013521278277039528, 0.030310150235891342, 0.04891509562730789, -0.030750969424843788, 0.050825003534555435, -0.05482626333832741, 0.01764422282576561, -0.020558923482894897, -0.028047621250152588, -0.021151775494217873, 0.01979471743106842, 0.07932409644126892, -0.03876417875289917, 0.01815146766602993, 0.04147834703326225, -0.013584643602371216, 0.02652767114341259, 0.03547932207584381, -0.030054429545998573, 0.00018803704006131738, -0.04314219206571579, 0.0353357158601284, -0.015288788825273514, -0.01800890639424324, 0.011527772061526775, 0.06583388149738312, -0.03569532930850983, 0.009012921713292599, 0.025716161355376244, -0.042013343423604965, -0.07254773378372192, 0.06857964396476746, -0.027075521647930145, 0.032796528190374374, -0.02237301506102085, 0.020313996821641922, -0.00497870147228241, 0.02776203863322735, -0.010721900500357151, 0.032701097428798676, 0.039470694959163666, 0.01301746629178524, 0.05397132411599159, -0.037160150706768036, -0.02221178449690342, -0.023893067613244057, 0.03640533983707428, -0.029312673956155777, 0.017725450918078423, -0.08090263605117798, 0.013333305716514587, 0.07345137745141983, -0.02530018985271454, 0.029776787385344505, 0.05186352878808975, 0.0336725078523159, -0.034540507942438126, 0.005162394139915705, -0.007411832455545664, 0.0335061177611351, -0.05665356665849686, -0.036827366799116135, 0.014853297732770443, 0.006441156379878521, 0.012226052582263947, -0.0011879622470587492, -0.07885252684354782, -0.05353228747844696, -0.01808449998497963, -0.01914435625076294, 0.03251045569777489, -0.006680990569293499, -0.0447981096804142, 0.03874388709664345, -0.008722489699721336, -0.08237802237272263, 0.014198966324329376, -0.007010061293840408, -0.023869771510362625, 0.048022519797086716, 0.005203760229051113, 0.031651079654693604, 0.015360691584646702, -0.07093455642461777, 0.049549296498298645, -0.018029456958174706, -0.02140875533223152, 0.05963755398988724, 0.0005551393260248005, 0.0021799069363623857, -0.05257544666528702, -0.03163934499025345, 0.09078360348939896, -0.06082959845662117, 0.011535580269992352, -0.04145408421754837, -0.047859497368335724, 0.05053918436169624, -0.0014809463173151016, 0.01821991801261902, -0.06357458233833313, -0.0022059869952499866, -0.010075004771351814, 0.022343795746564865, -0.006464874371886253, -0.000697753974236548, -0.023729829117655754, 0.008160551078617573, -0.05960899963974953, -0.06089254841208458, -0.004987654276192188, 0.030821921303868294, 0.05504753440618515, 0.010346760973334312, 0.058101825416088104, -0.009961308911442757, 0.047954756766557693, -0.027695845812559128, 0.07519154250621796, -0.0765981525182724, 0.03516009449958801, 0.00374800362624228, 0.0004182907869108021, -0.019206389784812927, -0.014745852909982204, -0.037224482744932175, 0.03782951459288597, -0.009336537681519985, 0.035463884472846985, -0.023857133463025093, 0.022450141608715057, -0.0144846485927701, 0.006826822645962238, 0.022219879552721977, 0.06314332783222198, 0.020542889833450317, -0.0539047047495842, 0.04131476581096649, 0.017354246228933334, -0.04856134206056595, 0.01721036620438099, -0.024777350947260857, -0.013520237058401108, 0.006428987253457308, -0.0025750226341187954, -0.04187779873609543, 0.0024052781518548727, 0.053028207272291183, -0.02099052630364895, 0.044358059763908386, -0.007217489182949066, 0.0024164014030247927, 0.028692757710814476, 0.01633182168006897, 0.0002743091608863324, 0.05029932036995888, -0.030654357746243477, 0.08943835645914078, -0.008119777776300907, -0.026519356295466423, 0.03840554133057594, -0.04813848435878754, -0.0019756434485316277, 0.017399361357092857, -0.04622539505362511, -0.04664452746510506, 0.04029335081577301, 0.04303193837404251, 0.02099861390888691, -0.03514499217271805, -0.03424270823597908, -0.012050448916852474, 0.014444228261709213, -0.04050783812999725, -0.02566567063331604, 0.017866726964712143, -0.00788440927863121, 0.024392692372202873, 0.02298835664987564, 0.0019424158381298184, 0.020733101293444633, -0.0034831222146749496, 0.04436887428164482, -0.03447211906313896, -0.005466790869832039, -0.009301930665969849, -0.03727728873491287, 0.014006772078573704, 0.062095124274492264, -0.008924305438995361, -0.023941654711961746, 0.0315186083316803, -0.046320363879203796, 0.01114004198461771, -0.05083734914660454, 0.042378492653369904, 0.005278661847114563, 0.03617456927895546, -0.007063676603138447, -0.0018766855355352163, 0.03087541274726391, -0.022405659779906273, 0.018057100474834442, -0.04504586383700371, -0.01441198866814375, 0.04671031981706619, 0.006103042978793383, -0.008268266916275024, 0.022358233109116554, -0.027152610942721367, -0.07181090861558914, -0.057158660143613815, -0.025028957054018974, 0.030258413404226303, -0.006627906113862991, -0.030724795535206795, -0.014195036143064499, 0.007060878910124302, -0.03413757309317589, -0.025643453001976013, -0.005394426174461842, -0.0615483857691288, -0.1179782971739769, -0.010709415189921856, 0.007739594206213951, -0.02915946952998638, -0.004635258577764034, -0.010780472308397293, -0.013380971737205982, 0.05514974519610405, 0.0028317896649241447, 0.029279401525855064, 0.020317601040005684, 0.04865727201104164, -0.030527234077453613, 0.032036732882261276, -0.08820048719644547, 0.004988204222172499, -0.02555348351597786, 0.0351971872150898, -0.008833058178424835, 0.01523652020841837, 0.00510646216571331, -0.009259982034564018, 0.011591016314923763, 0.05678592249751091, -0.0012938096188008785, -0.021408921107649803, 0.03369702398777008, 0.04039899259805679, -0.024873238056898117, -0.01690100133419037, 0.0016200831159949303, -0.031876422464847565, -0.03933814913034439, 0.02333824895322323, 0.00732863275334239, -0.04800711199641228, -0.016820505261421204, -0.029100453481078148, 0.036493103951215744, -0.036642562597990036, -0.002864783862605691, -0.019797280430793762, 0.036148801445961, -0.014789232984185219, 0.02099609561264515, 0.05859561264514923, 0.08050024509429932, -0.0457654744386673, -0.003967076074331999, -0.003299910109490156, -0.04505418986082077, -0.018472714349627495, -0.030377663671970367, -0.00006896999548189342, -0.026585005223751068, -0.029068732634186745, 0.12117192149162292, 0.027900852262973785, -0.01095141377300024, 0.05368607118725777, 0.03972059115767479, -0.04066397622227669, 0.0088042626157403, -0.001240665907971561, 0.03821286931633949, 0.10781408101320267, 0.029498640447854996, -0.005152982659637928, 0.06578588485717773, 0.014834580011665821, -0.06616862118244171, -0.03254564851522446, -0.02724340744316578, -0.03041827492415905, -0.04928741976618767, -0.03912447392940521, -0.028367986902594566, 0.06890681385993958, 0.05028311908245087, 0.008444469422101974, -0.010655699297785759, -0.0006202824297361076, -0.0010868581011891365, 0.0014054083731025457, 0.09100517630577087, -0.020025813952088356, -0.04160286858677864, -0.0012068782234564424, 0.03872749209403992, -0.01470134872943163, -0.002221896778792143, 0.032695263624191284, 0.05134028196334839, -0.041543539613485336, -0.007477817591279745, -0.03203228488564491, 0.0009386513847857714, 0.03917662426829338, -0.02614155039191246, -0.04099041223526001, -0.015675855800509453, -0.05763785541057587, -0.007613594178110361, 0.03383771330118179, 0.07102980464696884, 0.02350100502371788, -0.02739766612648964, 0.019667571410536766, -0.06238497793674469, -0.0167414341121912, -0.009888524189591408, 0.03958616405725479, 0.017719702795147896, -0.04015682265162468, 0.0012619484914466739, -0.03137785568833351, 0.02710908278822899, 0.01972142793238163, 0.03258174657821655, 0.01485964935272932, 0.02129467949271202, -0.031907886266708374, 0.010954736731946468, 0.06763661652803421, -0.05894636735320091, 0.02548854425549507, -0.011060219258069992, -0.015393601730465889, 0.06284935772418976, -0.01152378972619772, 0.05982300639152527, -0.022278662770986557, 0.0038868968840688467, 0.004012181889265776, -0.02478729747235775, 0.06188831105828285, 0.04559069499373436, 0.036446463316679, 0.0025488524697721004, -0.04179883748292923, -0.02389252558350563, 0.03535600006580353, 0.02498185634613037, -0.01007006410509348, -0.05086126923561096, 0.044570282101631165, 0.022754404693841934, 0.026086319237947464, -0.011617779731750488, 0.009481716901063919, -0.03178444132208824, -0.032689645886421204, 0.053928129374980927, -0.016743915155529976, -0.0300114918500185, -0.029048927128314972, 0.012376425787806511, -0.01719684712588787, 0.08495358377695084, -0.06900938600301743, -0.03438706696033478, 0.07659647613763809, 0.008503075689077377, 0.061991505324840546, -0.007587504107505083, 0.03588450700044632, -0.0049635739997029305, 0.022254999727010727, 0.014863615855574608, -0.00809338316321373, -0.033095914870500565, -0.0013734579551964998, -0.010279044508934021, 0.027907028794288635, 0.00983759667724371, -0.056789930909872055, 0.004782560281455517, 0.023014836013317108, 0.01643265224993229, 0.06407348066568375, -0.05555320903658867, 0.0036400777753442526, -0.06732605397701263, -0.009017715230584145, -0.036739449948072433, -0.0074323490262031555, 0.010957476682960987, -0.005959615111351013, -0.025969184935092926, -0.0012085636844858527, -0.054294005036354065, -0.0025907764211297035, 0.028762945905327797, -0.02169434353709221, 0.025300007313489914, -0.0017797687323763967, -0.08289834856987, 0.005390159785747528, 0.036420028656721115, 0.03683679178357124, 0.03228725120425224, -0.10204274952411652, -0.019974444061517715, 0.01355563011020422, 0.03579594939947128, -0.011565609835088253, -0.06805647164583206, -0.04838457703590393, 0.07845882326364517, 0.03159213811159134, 0.0060630617663264275, -0.03224819153547287, -0.01082292478531599, 0.038233451545238495, 0.04439905658364296, 0.019236376509070396, 0.014110506512224674, -0.010596219450235367, 0.035638559609651566, -0.021852577105164528, -0.06771872937679291, -0.009738561697304249, -0.04760804399847984, 0.04176224395632744, 0.06561361998319626, -0.0327800028026104, -0.049084123224020004, -0.014413847588002682, -0.05441846698522568, -0.007121949922293425, 0.011527650989592075, -0.04953502491116524, 0.031607359647750854, -0.022464845329523087, -0.005986747797578573, 0.03482498973608017, 0.02392943762242794, -0.016969868913292885, -0.01876811683177948, -0.017158253118395805, -0.025838017463684082, 0.005132853519171476, 0.0216364786028862, -0.02466665767133236, 0.016197578981518745, 0.04035793989896774, 0.07519327849149704, -0.01994854211807251, -0.03193684667348862, 0.02959657832980156, 0.007025570143014193, 0.06962956488132477, -0.013575257733464241, -0.05018005520105362, -0.011667653918266296, -0.03665652498602867, 0.013435570523142815, -0.04267093166708946, 0.02506556734442711, -0.0714171752333641, 0.0037401989102363586, 0.014553386718034744, 0.01580616645514965, 0.01095322985202074, 0.012832731939852238, 0.020942093804478645, 0.023412074893712997, 0.03475116938352585, -0.030354075133800507, -0.0005913471686653793, 0.03146554157137871, 0.0036344528198242188, 0.04260359704494476, -0.04704635962843895, -0.05659995228052139, 0.026416849344968796, -0.00810325425118208, -0.0488906055688858, -0.019365044310688972, 0.08039606362581253, 0.020801134407520294, -0.024230055510997772, 0.02160363271832466, 0.004736700095236301, -0.023196136578917503, 0.036873575299978256, 0.047987695783376694, -0.031330253928899765, -0.007427832577377558, -0.026329457759857178, -0.007668746635317802, -0.025722026824951172, -0.039892006665468216, 0.01569640263915062, 0.0380905419588089, 0.02235754393041134, -0.011471036821603775, 0.044077444821596146, 0.04396812990307808, -0.08118756115436554, -0.05563658848404884, -0.009434448555111885, 0.09186355769634247, 0.023578831925988197, -0.06233398616313934, -0.04078285023570061, -0.025945838540792465, -0.038923099637031555, -0.018178243190050125, 0.016372883692383766, -0.00014210896915756166, 0.05329957604408264, -0.016508322209119797, -0.04817771911621094, -0.06609456241130829, 0.01241424772888422, 0.02290928177535534, -0.02440466359257698, 0.0007964555989019573, -0.10324481874704361, -0.005420553032308817, 0.019820423796772957, -0.05456274747848511, 0.01787683740258217, 0.032432734966278076, 0.026175793260335922, 0.012741276994347572, -0.036265939474105835, 0.026501473039388657, 0.02713516168296337, -0.016130749136209488, -0.06321357935667038, -0.042608290910720825, 0.033737558871507645, -0.008413412608206272, -0.010899479500949383, 0.060857225209474564, 0.048289161175489426, 0.011157133616507053, -0.02487899921834469, -0.0286655705422163, 0.033116210252046585, 0.010169078595936298, 0.059456221759319305, 0.019730344414711, -0.00787742342799902, 0.05794686824083328, 0.02294781059026718, -0.0008160942234098911, -0.054956067353487015, -0.06118365004658699, -0.06405086070299149, -0.00025758499396033585, 0.009726086631417274, 0.048821501433849335, -0.005867393687367439, -0.04353874549269676, 0.026248332113027573, -0.011908953078091145, -0.05400444194674492, -0.011041088961064816, 0.03188418224453926, -0.010600677691400051, 0.0003850986249744892, -0.033432070165872574, 0.01192421279847622, 0.02993270754814148, -0.03887849301099777, 0.018212510272860527, -0.0420951209962368, -0.005132708232849836, 0.02743658795952797, 0.046960216015577316, -0.057286735624074936, 0.0070014712400734425, -0.027047745883464813, 0.014912216924130917, 0.021490516141057014, -0.01748383231461048, -0.02328581176698208, 0.02721843309700489, 0.03969675302505493, -0.027520716190338135, 0.006791119929403067, 0.041726019233465195, 0.018738189712166786, -0.015381583012640476, -0.04465619847178459, -0.01934441179037094, 0.005145230330526829, -0.002164584817364812, -0.036096543073654175, -0.036488015204668045, 0.03524259850382805, 0.049274545162916183, 0.0424424447119236, 0.0125975226983428, 0.024116238579154015, -0.033658478409051895, -0.018514402210712433, 0.054257240146398544, 0.053955234587192535, -0.030022742226719856, 0.0028778393752872944, -0.0015088081127032638, -0.0690445750951767, 0.04154680669307709, -0.02316829189658165, -0.00472700409591198, -0.02485642582178116, 0.03219739720225334, -0.011807238683104515, -0.0017361263744533062, 0.024056514725089073, 0.026350146159529686, -0.005211416631937027, 0.044941551983356476, -0.011950773186981678, -0.03794912248849869, 0.03464756906032562, -0.0018663897644728422, -0.03349846228957176, -0.038629673421382904, 0.035921309143304825, 0.026141682639718056, -0.05173736438155174, 0.04724143072962761, -0.007295719813555479, -0.04630899056792259, -0.037890054285526276, -0.0008133305236697197, 0.005075071007013321, -0.010457211174070835, 0.00820581242442131, -0.010697303339838982, -0.0035248608328402042, 0.0013791059609502554, -0.0025022346526384354, 0.0163078922778368, -0.006891902070492506, 0.002538166008889675, 0.001609985833056271, -0.009874493815004826, 0.024487148970365524, -0.030174994841217995, 0.0034069798421114683, -0.03034672699868679, -0.0015154351713135839, 0.04666179046034813, -0.021995514631271362, 0.026839548721909523, -0.02665870077908039, 0.021441472694277763, 0.005216609220951796, -0.05076613277196884, 0.015094680711627007, -0.06566081196069717, 0.004561589565128088, -0.004668189212679863, -0.021138250827789307, -0.009865937754511833, -0.0009509866358712316, -0.00753561407327652, -0.0122605599462986, 0.0776936486363411, 0.05399734154343605, -0.029028434306383133, 0.06856133788824081, 0.0036367338616400957, 0.007254513446241617, 0.005649598781019449, 0.05267801880836487, -0.025960596278309822, 0.0565011166036129, -0.014830007217824459, 0.002548811724409461, -0.008766449056565762, -0.008612195961177349, 0.017096901312470436, -0.009771487675607204, 0.01196233183145523, -0.09572409093379974, 0.0392162911593914, 0.025036105886101723, 0.030923189595341682, -0.0021711192093789577, 0.03650549054145813, -0.03831326961517334, -0.010838156566023827, -0.06439046561717987, 0.030684828758239746, 0.005998186767101288, -0.004947147332131863, -0.004785967990756035, 0.01056175772100687, -0.05306925252079964, -0.10859385132789612, -0.007956183515489101, 0.046688199043273926, -0.06313403695821762, -0.04078812524676323, 0.004724207334220409, -0.041631221771240234, 0.029267625883221626, -0.023064838722348213, 0.013276509009301662, -0.011470284312963486, -0.05381838604807854, -0.03567614406347275, 0.0057385750114917755, 0.012950410135090351, -0.05413056164979935, -0.004551807884126902, -0.07870835065841675, -0.05331481248140335, 0.01721709594130516, 0.031555384397506714, -0.0273272767663002, 0.008139098063111305, 0.015305637381970882, 0.01536477543413639, 0.011026717722415924, 0.02744433656334877, 0.045519500970840454, 0.07581812143325806, -0.001454806188121438, 0.02465435490012169, 0.04572373256087303, -0.03659239411354065, 0.008939224295318127, 0.015392843633890152, 0.010177177377045155, 0.002544752322137356, -0.04581806808710098, -0.007301045581698418, 0.06430193036794662, -0.027768999338150024, -0.013886063359677792, -0.03545411303639412, 0.007741666864603758, 0.021672748029232025 ]
<p>I am making a comparation between the photon gas and the ideal classic gas for my Thermodynamics class. The photon gas is defined by the equations:</p> <p>$$U=aVT^4 $$ $$P=\dfrac{1}{3}aT^4$$</p> <p>I found this document: <a href="http://www.csupomona.edu/~hsleff/PhotonGasAJP.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://www.csupomona.edu/~hsleff/PhotonGasAJP.pdf</a> which explain how to find some basic things, like enthalpy and entropy. It says that a great exercise is to compare the Carnot cycle of the photon gas with the Carnot cycle of the ideal gas. According to it, the efficiency is $\eta=1-\frac{T_2}{T_1}$ the same as the ideal gas. I think that this is really interesting for my comparation, so I'm trying to calculate the Carnot cycle efficiency for this gas.</p> <p>I have no problem with the isothermal process, which is solved in that document: $$W_{ab}=-\dfrac{1}{3}aT^4\Delta V$$</p> <p>However, I'm not sure if my result of the adiabatic process is correct. Work is $W=\int PdV$. Now, I can use the photon gas adiabatic equation (see the document) $PV^{4/3}=k$, where $k$ is a constant, to substitute $P$ in work equation, and integrate to obtain:</p> <p>$$W_{bc} =\dfrac{3}{4}k\left( \dfrac{1}{V_b^3} - \dfrac{1}{V_c^3} \right)$$</p> <p>I'm not sure if this result is correct. When I try to calculate the efficiency of the cycle, I have: $$\eta=\dfrac{|W_T|}{|Q_{ab}|}=\dfrac{|W_{ab}+W_{bc}+W_{cd}+W_{da}|}{|Q_{ab}|}$$</p> <p>where $W_{ab}$,$W_{cd}$ are isothermal and $W_{bc}$,$W_{da}$ are adiabatic. The heat is also defined in the document as:</p> <p>$$Q_{ab}=\dfrac{4}{3}aT^4\Delta V$$</p> <p>But with these values I can't obtain the correct expression for the efficiency, or I don't know how to reduce the efficiency expression to obtain what I want. Which is the correct way to calculate adiabatic work in a photon gas? And the Carnot cycle efficiency?</p> <p>Thank you all for your answers :D</p>
g4603
[ -0.03062691166996956, -0.045590609312057495, 0.0021196245215833187, -0.034540653228759766, -0.0065076337195932865, -0.033019453287124634, 0.03223361074924469, 0.005367151461541653, -0.049540914595127106, 0.04592965170741081, -0.0038300722371786833, 0.03277226909995079, 0.020499123260378838, -0.014701100997626781, 0.011541816405951977, 0.050564493983983994, 0.027810536324977875, 0.01699216291308403, 0.002555709332227707, -0.0040720864199101925, -0.01896938681602478, -0.012829683721065521, -0.015469575300812721, -0.04849880188703537, 0.029979195445775986, -0.027815472334623337, 0.0025976805482059717, -0.0022878232412040234, 0.001285287202335894, -0.0380212739109993, 0.010506052523851395, 0.031104907393455505, 0.004166737664490938, 0.01594921201467514, -0.052223287522792816, -0.015462328679859638, 0.07836677134037018, 0.08163144439458847, 0.02709827572107315, -0.020222580060362816, 0.02564992941915989, -0.03350745514035225, 0.006280103232711554, 0.03207110986113548, 0.04745836555957794, 0.014717045240104198, -0.01587670110166073, -0.020602496340870857, -0.05382490158081055, 0.04172557219862938, 0.027009014040231705, 0.09409665316343307, -0.0027968231588602066, -0.0752130001783371, 0.06754184514284134, 0.027075527235865593, -0.019491959363222122, 0.012775413691997528, 0.01628265716135502, 0.00941403303295374, 0.003420904977247119, -0.03856609761714935, 0.02850371226668358, 0.01691763661801815, 0.030086420476436615, -0.04581226035952568, 0.019842011854052544, -0.022597426548600197, 0.013388868421316147, -0.020187100395560265, -0.037680547684431076, 0.014766262844204903, 0.008370735682547092, 0.02251150831580162, 0.04321493208408356, -0.05485076829791069, -0.0030654864385724068, -0.052134063094854355, -0.032662637531757355, 0.022212520241737366, -0.04650411382317543, -0.022840552031993866, 0.004415674135088921, -0.05681964382529259, -0.012780596502125263, -0.0027562060859054327, 0.04659396782517433, -0.06469375640153885, -0.02877330780029297, -0.00009860091813607141, -0.0024635670706629753, 0.01707950234413147, 0.05050453171133995, 0.029071306809782982, 0.011346464045345783, 0.07200122624635696, -0.030800484120845795, 0.06535881757736206, -0.010216018185019493, -0.013079369440674782, -0.02656107395887375, -0.04652176797389984, 0.004700446035712957, 0.031541477888822556, -0.030485842376947403, -0.03697779029607773, 0.022579548880457878, -0.03297042474150658, -0.042783625423908234, -0.010327555239200592, -0.06598073989152908, -0.004215293563902378, -0.025900740176439285, -0.04627907648682594, -0.028484607115387917, -0.05020430311560631, 0.0313902385532856, 0.00816982239484787, 0.025305250659585, 0.031061237677931786, 0.05775905400514603, 0.056099869310855865, -0.00015042946324683726, 0.013217074796557426, 0.044278908520936966, -0.020200124010443687, 0.009277296252548695, -0.012904026545584202, -0.016783958300948143, 0.004942477215081453, 0.04313974827528, 0.013227105140686035, 0.00518266623839736, 0.02885078638792038, -0.005242225248366594, 0.04984085634350777, 0.01942731998860836, -0.01101161539554596, -0.017936591058969498, 0.01791032776236534, 0.016771161928772926, 0.023103509098291397, -0.03967409208416939, 0.05359300971031189, -0.07522333413362503, 0.019614269956946373, -0.10496696829795837, -0.05867703631520271, 0.00545521778985858, -0.0031608317513018847, 0.09209137409925461, 0.04648367315530777, 0.025196146219968796, -0.0007250211201608181, 0.028834838420152664, -0.012318442575633526, 0.0101238414645195, 0.0066878036595880985, 0.00444969953969121, 0.023892346769571304, 0.026508066803216934, -0.044694241136312485, 0.059787262231111526, -0.0536736398935318, -0.011543291620910168, 0.017317090183496475, 0.036800503730773926, -0.05653763562440872, 0.0072561330161988735, -0.05149371176958084, -0.054089002311229706, -0.023857394233345985, -0.04984010383486748, -0.03044505976140499, -0.0331997275352478, 0.02635938487946987, 0.02407773584127426, 0.038222361356019974, -0.06803098320960999, -0.031841035932302475, 0.03020932711660862, 0.017804402858018875, 0.06919457018375397, -0.049334410578012466, -0.047062795609235764, -0.00675086909905076, -0.019356343895196915, -0.0389811247587204, -0.07354109734296799, -0.01712307520210743, -0.04284999519586563, 0.047862712293863297, 0.08320797234773636, 0.03596089407801628, -0.033836480230093, 0.0037445295602083206, -0.023980606347322464, -0.04003798961639404, -0.061934538185596466, 0.010420121252536774, -0.040338173508644104, 0.05121932178735733, 0.038735877722501755, 0.04144987091422081, 0.0035200908314436674, 0.02609185501933098, 0.006500363349914551, 0.01721234619617462, 0.054614126682281494, 0.007316046394407749, -0.02836734987795353, 0.009867539629340172, 0.019566679373383522, 0.011053632013499737, -0.0021186380181461573, 0.03029603511095047, -0.01036085095256567, 0.014666817151010036, -0.008992299437522888, -0.024924062192440033, 0.02745935320854187, -0.04591202735900879, 0.004517714958637953, 0.006151037290692329, -0.05743490904569626, 0.010460817255079746, -0.03440825641155243, 0.002836542669683695, 0.003260862547904253, 0.0550217367708683, -0.0205537099391222, 0.04639286547899246, 0.016202162951231003, -0.0283399298787117, 0.0007042033248580992, 0.07452357560396194, -0.018924450501799583, 0.0634230300784111, 0.0013935044407844543, 0.0412290059030056, 0.00036836726940236986, -0.04725176468491554, -0.022064505144953728, 0.011761410161852837, 0.008328570052981377, 0.00862869992852211, 0.03469327837228775, 0.016123197972774506, -0.03274712711572647, 0.010603323578834534, 0.029941460117697716, 0.025950122624635696, 0.014394923113286495, -0.0046775732189416885, -0.0037215598858892918, 0.017493396997451782, 0.010460170917212963, -0.00604963256046176, -0.012634433805942535, 0.0320412702858448, 0.011754005216062069, -0.025827987119555473, -0.01498441118746996, 0.0019678995013237, -0.00874405913054943, -0.00610341178253293, -0.004496028646826744, 0.004903931170701981, 0.011315640062093735, -0.027427952736616135, 0.04196074977517128, -0.016148746013641357, -0.060673199594020844, -0.013466356322169304, 0.011540290899574757, -0.03402703255414963, 0.03330416977405548, -0.03799214959144592, 0.003772875526919961, -0.053522270172834396, 0.023459678515791893, 0.005393621511757374, -0.030542274937033653, 0.006072321906685829, 0.05212024971842766, -0.06219993159174919, 0.007996680215001106, 0.05194499343633652, 0.04472195357084274, -0.002588412258774042, 0.005507933907210827, 0.015173479914665222, -0.046476781368255615, 0.025314729660749435, -0.011595726944506168, 0.0012285925913602114, 0.04322293400764465, 0.005061066243797541, 0.008276027627289295, -0.009216229431331158, 0.015310157090425491, -0.04806637391448021, -0.028676733374595642, 0.015771405771374702, 0.023655200377106667, 0.009672597050666809, -0.0744740217924118, -0.010759151540696621, -0.027528388425707817, 0.0617205947637558, -0.022272827103734016, -0.03752740100026131, 0.0015332021284848452, -0.03417418152093887, 0.006387657485902309, -0.019596954807639122, 0.05194966867566109, -0.09047500044107437, 0.027352090924978256, 0.012572646141052246, -0.0002831219171639532, -0.031389929354190826, 0.017914757132530212, -0.0176970437169075, -0.016649963334202766, 0.02855651266872883, 0.0003810994967352599, -0.018420075997710228, -0.028542477637529373, -0.011221558786928654, -0.050089672207832336, 0.014946059323847294, -0.03398889675736427, -0.02488638460636139, -0.01746719889342785, -0.03357144817709923, -0.012022055685520172, 0.04017013683915138, -0.00028934437432326376, -0.04484868422150612, -0.003408796852454543, 0.042430102825164795, -0.0052054994739592075, 0.00159155810251832, -0.009270410053431988, -0.018182238563895226, 0.006599328480660915, -0.042201556265354156, -0.014066353440284729, 0.01849708892405033, 0.09142924845218658, -0.011216254904866219, 0.018689943477511406, 0.017712347209453583, -0.04874131828546524, 0.031268589198589325, -0.011844784021377563, 0.04873150959610939, 0.06870810687541962, -0.029031852260231972, -0.008590592071413994, 0.006615982856601477, 0.023166906088590622, 0.0013029674300923944, -0.04879438132047653, 0.010516174137592316, -0.004214554559439421, 0.027602458372712135, 0.06698782742023468, 0.016247598454356194, -0.0018644883530214429, -0.014502805657684803, 0.0269106924533844, -0.010019119828939438, -0.026341509073972702, -0.03306012600660324, 0.043099723756313324, 0.025295395404100418, -0.04985193908214569, 0.007873603142797947, -0.007198524661362171, 0.00836353749036789, 0.03609301149845123, 0.02695261314511299, 0.03488675132393837, 0.010949765332043171, -0.013077045790851116, 0.016347035765647888, -0.010415172204375267, -0.05858777090907097, 0.027380816638469696, -0.014999962411820889, -0.09075725823640823, 0.040968071669340134, -0.020095165818929672, 0.0028101149946451187, 0.06343744695186615, 0.0036092535592615604, 0.006268985103815794, 0.023360371589660645, -0.04538754001259804, -0.03831898048520088, 0.003269738983362913, 0.03321399912238121, -0.06704742461442947, -0.03551171347498894, 0.02059192582964897, -0.05618531256914139, -0.003821644466370344, 0.042841434478759766, 0.004442895296961069, -0.006474868394434452, 0.023153705522418022, -0.012665323913097382, 0.06272396445274353, -0.041048314422369, -0.03602167218923569, -0.037512827664613724, 0.03841196000576019, -0.003975015599280596, -0.050092823803424835, 0.03149571642279625, 0.007048664148896933, -0.009802086278796196, 0.04711071401834488, 0.03179758042097092, 0.07218771427869797, 0.025678712874650955, -0.0005567625630646944, -0.021301807835698128, 0.014141942374408245, 0.013525860384106636, -0.059178903698921204, 0.06082712113857269, -0.008815735578536987, 0.06218450516462326, -0.0292372964322567, -0.004667667206376791, 0.08034029603004456, 0.014565284363925457, 0.09466411173343658, 0.006202206015586853, 0.0037061143666505814, -0.06865064799785614, 0.03540053591132164, 0.04409217834472656, -0.03205517306923866, -0.007473493926227093, 0.016764171421527863, -0.06772082298994064, -0.0010428258683532476, -0.00548649812117219, 0.026999076828360558, -0.006881223060190678, -0.021380465477705002, 0.05715995281934738, 0.01419263519346714, 0.02799074351787567, -0.011743851006031036, 0.042590584605932236, -0.07332900166511536, -0.010936267673969269, 0.029380865395069122, -0.026072608307003975, 0.028874635696411133, 0.00012300566595513374, -0.05212000012397766, 0.0631006509065628, -0.07006020843982697, -0.07155279815196991, 0.041058316826820374, 0.023712648078799248, -0.034733474254608154, -0.02065359428524971, -0.04817456379532814, 0.009473097510635853, 0.005962285678833723, -0.028229249641299248, 0.030927931889891624, 0.02255457080900669, 0.004416545387357473, -0.0015672303270548582, -0.009341567754745483, 0.04269522428512573, 0.01671912707388401, -0.03721854090690613, -0.07482863962650299, -0.049365296959877014, 0.008470380678772926, -0.03135170787572861, -0.035564593970775604, 0.04807928204536438, 0.04559134319424629, -0.0645330399274826, 0.0012376460945233703, 0.030923523008823395, 0.06756073981523514, 0.023469343781471252, -0.000265851296717301, 0.016781454905867577, -0.07890605181455612, -0.004837650805711746, -0.07519277185201645, -0.03791319578886032, 0.0014271872350946069, -0.029229510575532913, -0.009428945370018482, 0.03820188716053963, 0.022704213857650757, 0.024981003254652023, 0.034772612154483795, -0.004751947242766619, 0.02078329585492611, 0.042641784995794296, -0.004792308434844017, 0.008675502613186836, 0.010771241039037704, -0.06399688124656677, 0.025922561064362526, -0.10962343961000443, 0.0858144536614418, 0.0144800478592515, -0.00032980507239699364, 0.03631113842129707, 0.10535278916358948, -0.026028024032711983, -0.031056825071573257, -0.031138775870203972, 0.018191659823060036, 0.0022578255739063025, -0.028271738439798355, 0.004047003574669361, -0.017428820952773094, -0.029255462810397148, 0.006341680884361267, -0.009870404377579689, -0.012960952706634998, 0.0013914959272369742, 0.07616978883743286, 0.0009380600531585515, -0.05028800666332245, -0.048044826835393906, -0.00897009763866663, 0.010842042043805122, 0.021020377054810524, -0.01940770633518696, -0.03278780356049538, -0.016182569786906242, -0.033057842403650284, 0.02454262226819992, 0.006241173483431339, 0.004667815752327442, 0.05128655582666397, -0.059877876192331314, 0.011584706604480743, 0.00251095462590456, -0.004823263268917799, 0.01715085282921791, 0.03280191868543625, -0.010997685603797436, 0.04780283942818642, 0.09023679047822952, 0.003151153214275837, 0.022507067769765854, -0.03845991566777229, -0.07867150008678436, 0.02112986333668232, -0.015398383140563965, 0.0464315339922905, -0.029588932171463966, -0.010949082672595978, 0.03476971387863159, 0.0007189770112745464, -0.00897626020014286, 0.024389976635575294, 0.0020553520880639553, 0.0004680472775362432, -0.06989672034978867, -0.05022360011935234, -0.035723213106393814, -0.030604537576436996, -0.057311832904815674, -0.02168651483952999, -0.06967589259147644, -0.0007361791795119643, 0.025963876396417618, -0.03284449502825737, -0.014862903393805027, -0.04156871885061264, 0.04760318994522095, -0.02088223583996296, 0.004338879603892565, -0.015100091695785522, 0.05525752902030945, 0.013563376851379871, -0.0018390135373920202, 0.02846159040927887, -0.03149181604385376, -0.03440990671515465, 0.004201027099043131, -0.010163890197873116, -0.0073598334565758705, 0.009949341416358948, -0.06677944213151932, 0.012615788727998734, 0.05059363692998886, -0.0206411425024271, 0.06551338732242584, -0.02312197908759117, -0.008307084441184998, -0.04883286729454994, 0.028265543282032013, 0.023280048742890358, 0.02516131103038788, 0.004281213972717524, -0.024358870461583138, -0.018036428838968277, 0.09312663227319717, 0.057980727404356, 0.017949357628822327, -0.002631338546052575, 0.03454986959695816, 0.08762181550264359, -0.007795583922415972, 0.08026475459337234, 0.03395889699459076, 0.0035336914006620646, 0.041342418640851974, 0.029426995664834976, -0.013487916439771652, 0.008445393294095993, 0.00043063965858891606, -0.034325528889894485, 0.009979700669646263, 0.011097853071987629, 0.014888463541865349, -0.09993785619735718, -0.013079077936708927, 0.011243827641010284, 0.06619207561016083, -0.010498186573386192, 0.05224734544754028, 0.05389520153403282, 0.04389392212033272, -0.014387039467692375, 0.0073756445199251175, 0.05659152567386627, -0.0855385959148407, -0.04904623702168465, -0.0007463359506800771, 0.03847893700003624, -0.028785517439246178, 0.0005206037894822657, -0.030827779322862625, -0.03262169286608696, 0.0699019581079483, -0.011981986463069916, 0.04104451835155487, -0.04318032041192055, -0.04991732910275459, 0.0311293788254261, -0.043495625257492065, 0.005903682205826044, 0.054679661989212036, 0.05719086527824402, 0.03533471003174782, 0.04660928621888161, -0.022798068821430206, -0.011534013785421848, -0.08145967870950699, -0.007762305438518524, -0.023920448496937752, -0.03782125562429428, 0.0006483877077698708, 0.04594912752509117, 0.034525543451309204, 0.023238252848386765, 0.010799198411405087, -0.01815544068813324, -0.028742872178554535, -0.039786502718925476, 0.011314557865262032, -0.06328865140676498, -0.024297406896948814, 0.004942535422742367, 0.07985153794288635, -0.06708227843046188, -0.013817546889185905, 0.02498766779899597, 0.013358005322515965, -0.016718372702598572, -0.04045882821083069, 0.015850888565182686, -0.01818951591849327, -0.025761663913726807, 0.0569625198841095, 0.007314061746001244, 0.016294565051794052, 0.0023278347216546535, -0.00344968237914145, 0.040261249989271164, -0.024189459159970284, -0.0239394623786211, 0.031868696212768555, -0.03262165188789368, 0.02223784476518631, -0.02988390251994133, -0.030553506687283516, 0.02561161294579506, 0.0029792680870741606, 0.0384889654815197, -0.010012669488787651, -0.02050360105931759, -0.093343585729599, 0.022074460983276367, -0.019507912918925285, -0.027684958651661873, -0.000013124115866958164, 0.07590314745903015, 0.019794004037976265, -0.03819591924548149, 0.006588308606296778, -0.005250865127891302, -0.06131632998585701, -0.07578568160533905, -0.04085154086351395, 0.06499101221561432, -0.03559216111898422, 0.04470377415418625, -0.028145289048552513, -0.012505299411714077, -0.022521592676639557, -0.03903133422136307, -0.030254602432250977, 0.014289671555161476, 0.029715893790125847, -0.01617937907576561, -0.006239891983568668, 0.04491906240582466, 0.065895676612854, -0.050879716873168945, -0.054111458361148834, 0.046368781477212906, -0.06582017242908478, 0.03812602907419205, -0.015122240409255028, -0.013434527441859245, -0.004927514120936394, 0.03667227178812027, -0.006537833251059055, 0.026140011847019196, -0.06274417787790298, -0.023045117035508156, -0.028843985870480537, 0.034295227378606796, -0.030650151893496513, 0.042984701693058014, -0.01237242016941309, 0.03309648111462593, 0.0031005702912807465, -0.007680361159145832, 0.039320848882198334, -0.03377240151166916, 0.04998241737484932, 0.04094391316175461, -0.03869025409221649, 0.01938086748123169, -0.02981223538517952 ]
<p>What is the molecular level reason behind the pattern (sine function) of the waves?</p> <p><img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/wAoQL.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></p>
g4604
[ 0.012782908976078033, 0.00153931207023561, -0.029374664649367332, -0.04917751997709274, 0.06419192999601364, 0.03233746439218521, 0.0425599105656147, 0.039211101830005646, 0.0258022528141737, -0.05113808438181877, -0.041024282574653625, 0.021757042035460472, 0.01537265069782734, 0.03163148835301399, 0.006229599937796593, -0.07408961653709412, 0.02100859023630619, 0.048883967101573944, 0.039472758769989014, -0.010593481361865997, -0.0647631511092186, -0.015688899904489517, -0.012952068820595741, -0.026243671774864197, 0.024953806772828102, 0.017462970688939095, 0.048830341547727585, -0.03826344758272171, -0.006460113916546106, -0.004405984189361334, 0.033780720084905624, -0.011011229828000069, 0.038250457495450974, 0.0006822239956818521, -0.03074106015264988, 0.03247278928756714, -0.04780745133757591, 0.05870411917567253, 0.017371471971273422, 0.03140954673290253, -0.05528530851006508, -0.04035171866416931, -0.010441047139465809, -0.03408122807741165, -0.008002808317542076, -0.015086309984326363, -0.017385000362992287, -0.007093389052897692, -0.013133197091519833, -0.06896550953388214, -0.00632775854319334, -0.024516021832823753, 0.044142961502075195, -0.02417873591184616, 0.03494937717914581, 0.08353059738874435, 0.039826273918151855, 0.062129728496074677, 0.052298855036497116, 0.04205944389104843, 0.019045762717723846, 0.0402534119784832, 0.03196348622441292, -0.0016511756693944335, 0.051847927272319794, -0.04576801508665085, -0.03933923318982124, 0.027760641649365425, -0.003117560176178813, 0.040840644389390945, 0.0015102701727300882, -0.06009357422590256, -0.09742604196071625, -0.02938014455139637, -0.002761115087196231, 0.005830975715070963, 0.016428861767053604, 0.059214722365140915, -0.013981332071125507, -0.02703365497291088, -0.013916470110416412, 0.011169569566845894, -0.060545600950717926, 0.07073573023080826, 0.03901290148496628, -0.04334595799446106, 0.01634162850677967, 0.0016306465258821845, 0.0011311122216284275, 0.04735462740063667, 0.025087300688028336, -0.00817837379872799, 0.020832296460866928, -0.01206327136605978, -0.04544395953416824, -0.03431352972984314, -0.010806441307067871, 0.03798895701766014, 0.022543450817465782, 0.004333639983087778, 0.046036407351493835, 0.0012883002636954188, 0.005791904870420694, -0.027096277102828026, -0.01579952985048294, 0.061128489673137665, -0.011035955511033535, -0.014504353515803814, 0.0026758366730064154, 0.0019729011692106724, -0.03663552924990654, 0.027011653408408165, -0.03531857579946518, 0.05604131519794464, -0.0020313262939453125, -0.008260893635451794, -0.0023946701548993587, -0.003748160321265459, -0.0006373772630468011, 0.03768773004412651, -0.00008079001418082044, -0.05544671043753624, -0.043994974344968796, 0.008597075939178467, -0.02051166258752346, -0.006924396380782127, 0.04982106387615204, 0.0037991285789757967, 0.015836939215660095, -0.03407897800207138, 0.04690505564212799, 0.02826506271958351, -0.021888410672545433, -0.015449988655745983, 0.002316814148798585, -0.024887073785066605, -0.016664182767271996, -0.038320593535900116, 0.037072841078042984, 0.002635276410728693, 0.046451419591903687, -0.00837035570293665, 0.04923845827579498, -0.09177158772945404, -0.023134315386414528, -0.02415517531335354, -0.005733141675591469, 0.024611061438918114, 0.04629548266530037, -0.03865193575620651, -0.04307275637984276, 0.04253232106566429, 0.05376902595162392, -0.029287001118063927, 0.0292972344905138, -0.035844847559928894, 0.010298547334969044, 0.04142852500081062, -0.04043805971741676, 0.0400756299495697, 0.04159729927778244, -0.033531997352838516, -0.02906440757215023, 0.01872202381491661, -0.09062062948942184, -0.03519514948129654, 0.011555835604667664, -0.053010493516922, -0.01333940401673317, -0.011075560003519058, -0.00752283725887537, 0.03787674754858017, -0.023876631632447243, 0.023996923118829727, 0.003958520479500294, 0.07501198351383209, 0.03415781259536743, -0.04096760228276253, 0.12028916925191879, -0.018867626786231995, -0.0036098065320402384, -0.02542235143482685, 0.004290633834898472, -0.03319315239787102, 0.04001716151833534, -0.025730589404702187, 0.024887550622224808, 0.008283627219498158, -0.0752151682972908, 0.0220157690346241, 0.005580763798207045, -0.0707935243844986, -0.040803659707307816, -0.035321712493896484, 0.005465873517096043, 0.0058366041630506516, 0.0018852009670808911, 0.020037217065691948, -0.04596500098705292, 0.05823344737291336, -0.02261771634221077, 0.03428318351507187, 0.027798444032669067, -0.02928023599088192, -0.0032288848888128996, 0.017569759860634804, 0.0009241490624845028, 0.01850317046046257, -0.014344645664095879, 0.04864839091897011, -0.07515140622854233, 0.00658273184671998, -0.011870816349983215, -0.0022250430192798376, -0.0332370400428772, 0.0004184455319773406, 0.048852816224098206, 0.01184217631816864, -0.0025714607909321785, 0.03572480008006096, 0.006738313008099794, -0.0013675016816705465, -0.01107129454612732, 0.013307644985616207, 0.02468409202992916, 0.004817036911845207, -0.03529445081949234, -0.019220540300011635, -0.002773658372461796, -0.00432794401422143, -0.05653475970029831, -0.04172021523118019, 0.004710040986537933, 0.02797679416835308, 0.06307407468557358, 0.05110817402601242, 0.01332668773829937, -0.010812054388225079, 0.009364073164761066, -0.010909533128142357, -0.0031567669939249754, 0.015439438633620739, 0.017545241862535477, -0.03177858889102936, 0.04540186747908592, 0.00043773194192908704, -0.060876622796058655, -0.038335803896188736, -0.07199026644229889, -0.00011528013419592753, 0.07172942906618118, -0.036957353353500366, -0.0375802218914032, 0.06776179373264313, -0.014811006374657154, -0.083188995718956, 0.010898984968662262, 0.046719592064619064, 0.03711037337779999, -0.027204107493162155, -0.012368831783533096, 0.04412290081381798, 0.032997358590364456, -0.01587381400167942, -0.02585086226463318, -0.05906281992793083, 0.01853371039032936, 0.022116689011454582, 0.02904721535742283, -0.07499183714389801, 0.0059913224540650845, 0.06887523829936981, -0.02060810476541519, -0.039870306849479675, -0.02490105852484703, 0.02638033591210842, 0.07789415866136551, -0.002538928994908929, -0.0562518872320652, -0.01919955387711525, -0.005874386057257652, 0.03281087055802345, -0.03656838461756706, 0.024818161502480507, 0.04166160523891449, -0.026408419013023376, -0.00808886718004942, 0.040426697582006454, -0.026192912831902504, 0.08153114467859268, 0.03302106261253357, 0.015877369791269302, 0.036824148148298264, 0.023683713749051094, 0.0131537402048707, 0.0024729082360863686, 0.03145439550280571, -0.081403948366642, -0.00040200501098297536, 0.06711447238922119, -0.008004618808627129, 0.02405964583158493, 0.01182403415441513, -0.010024813935160637, -0.03771524876356125, -0.018174508586525917, 0.022156737744808197, -0.004248935729265213, -0.07555238902568817, 0.02763522043824196, 0.03965899348258972, -0.0572676882147789, 0.00867194589227438, 0.006818590220063925, -0.029197530820965767, 0.058757636696100235, -0.06558150053024292, 0.02784811519086361, 0.0021698044147342443, 0.009888251312077045, -0.06255161017179489, -0.057710837572813034, -0.0013065163511782885, -0.031160002574324608, 0.03259690850973129, 0.05359673127532005, -0.0029382952488958836, -0.06700325012207031, -0.00048509740736335516, -0.07820150256156921, -0.01319489348679781, -0.04794174060225487, -0.017227385193109512, 0.008194269612431526, 0.012176573276519775, -0.022237999364733696, -0.07069935649633408, 0.05552691966295242, -0.003743550041690469, 0.01506284810602665, -0.03113473951816559, 0.056630946695804596, -0.019578073173761368, -0.08362367004156113, -0.0018287079874426126, 0.02952725999057293, -0.028850790113210678, -0.014521964825689793, -0.017193380743265152, -0.08119454979896545, -0.05874602496623993, 0.03518936038017273, -0.01679529994726181, -0.0032849712297320366, -0.06313841789960861, 0.020964045077562332, 0.043794699013233185, -0.03799063339829445, -0.033010706305503845, -0.01701398752629757, -0.03406298905611038, -0.010455464012920856, -0.00017465777636971325, 0.01734831929206848, -0.01880153827369213, 0.004296945873647928, 0.0018905058968812227, 0.04403122887015343, 0.0226584505289793, -0.04460352659225464, -0.05489866062998772, 0.003966768272221088, -0.017587997019290924, 0.030144691467285156, -0.010668333619832993, 0.012849747203290462, -0.014010254293680191, 0.023477669805288315, -0.06677036732435226, 0.011904596351087093, 0.025517528876662254, -0.049333151429891586, 0.006262509152293205, 0.014191633090376854, 0.03851010277867317, 0.009014971554279327, -0.08387350291013718, 0.0024409352336078882, 0.009148749522864819, -0.032527435570955276, -0.0035539038944989443, -0.02561212331056595, -0.0480332151055336, -0.01503660436719656, 0.02903106063604355, -0.06897301971912384, 0.0012331035686656833, 0.03421095386147499, -0.015949254855513573, 0.09837306290864944, 0.0299790408462286, -0.05769718065857887, -0.027739450335502625, -0.033754218369722366, 0.01205479260534048, 0.0009134728461503983, 0.004199060145765543, -0.0318111926317215, -0.02788762003183365, 0.00972648337483406, -0.002083610277622938, -0.0002729110128711909, 0.02788822166621685, -0.04652511328458786, -0.039945680648088455, 0.08551780134439468, 0.06367100030183792, -0.041460730135440826, 0.014935247600078583, 0.021899476647377014, -0.019693493843078613, 0.09501805156469345, -0.008468675427138805, 0.054686661809682846, 0.015520730055868626, 0.020631765946745872, 0.04700349271297455, 0.01130738016217947, 0.05376856029033661, -0.02968919649720192, 0.02340676449239254, 0.0001356715802103281, -0.024701019749045372, -0.04494829103350639, -0.10357024520635605, -0.004096099641174078, -0.015146716497838497, 0.00046089422539807856, -0.03442225977778435, 0.08414638787508011, 0.0000018738402332019177, 0.001860251883044839, -0.0044220369309186935, 0.005794813856482506, 0.02300836518406868, 0.05327964946627617, 0.015087171457707882, -0.0340760312974453, -0.023510396480560303, -0.024302199482917786, -0.051188625395298004, 0.029618415981531143, -0.030825108289718628, -0.05058153346180916, 0.05236007645726204, -0.029369764029979706, -0.06028459221124649, 0.0622725747525692, -0.03251556307077408, 0.030622592195868492, -0.05604243278503418, 0.05167267099022865, -0.06802481412887573, 0.003673110157251358, 0.06259013712406158, 0.01770833320915699, 0.0008507330785505474, -0.019251279532909393, -0.01123161893337965, 0.013950847089290619, 0.04901190102100372, -0.046802304685115814, 0.04449610784649849, -0.005232266150414944, -0.029067883267998695, 0.018939729779958725, -0.007931116037070751, -0.0204874686896801, -0.024049680680036545, -0.04746205732226372, -0.027110490947961807, 0.04515693709254265, 0.031375933438539505, 0.04272126033902168, -0.014262855984270573, -0.005628779996186495, -0.01367107592523098, 0.04931266978383064, -0.05655589699745178, 0.0010760233271867037, 0.012032715603709221, 0.000747371232137084, 0.0043927947990596294, -0.05365031212568283, 0.03494751825928688, -0.04932045564055443, 0.03740324452519417, -0.012896176427602768, 0.022592123597860336, -0.0641244575381279, -0.011561824940145016, 0.004492605105042458, -0.0011022420367226005, 0.013338060118258, -0.023888252675533295, 0.012139677070081234, -0.01026882790029049, -0.04083271324634552, 0.019535472616553307, -0.01689792238175869, 0.036109618842601776, -0.06988488882780075, 0.008413380943238735, -0.03666924312710762, 0.01910439319908619, -0.08514043688774109, 0.016579389572143555, -0.005425572860985994, -0.0012744367122650146, 0.019019950181245804, -0.03386038541793823, 0.020459959283471107, 0.024138374254107475, -0.03101464919745922, 0.011759143322706223, 0.024341490119695663, 0.027394043281674385, -0.024615027010440826, 0.01950216479599476, 0.08296909183263779, -0.02884376049041748, 0.0359916128218174, 0.05383531376719475, 0.08713386952877045, 0.037523891776800156, -0.02296772599220276, -0.008492894470691681, 0.028421351686120033, -0.007248668000102043, 0.002427520230412483, 0.04533065855503082, -0.0002858523221220821, -0.04352607950568199, 0.06018167361617088, 0.05373980104923248, 0.0035114367492496967, 0.04304222762584686, -0.011551524512469769, -0.00386259937658906, 0.024666350334882736, -0.00002294321711815428, 0.06121877208352089, 0.001133181620389223, -0.023755354806780815, -0.022950517013669014, 0.03520597890019417, -0.09126867353916168, -0.03284222632646561, -0.02481476217508316, 0.00763729028403759, 0.044715095311403275, 0.03207207843661308, 0.016057077795267105, -0.04199008271098137, 0.05570961534976959, 0.005511589348316193, -0.005338562652468681, 0.07451120018959045, 0.07253166288137436, 0.001961396774277091, -0.07481180131435394, 0.01152748428285122, -0.023790037259459496, 0.05058245733380318, 0.012228654697537422, 0.05354725196957588, 0.013456379994750023, -0.0022314165253192186, -0.013700190000236034, -0.022579416632652283, 0.0006464216276071966, 0.009688923135399818, -0.004699666518718004, 0.021373063325881958, 0.023996783420443535, -0.045339249074459076, 0.0061112744733691216, -0.008946482092142105, 0.06530462950468063, -0.01097314152866602, -0.07243743538856506, 0.006344200111925602, -0.013302098959684372, 0.026508519425988197, 0.0367867536842823, -0.048983506858348846, 0.00788868311792612, 0.039934225380420685, 0.028927860781550407, -0.04150748997926712, 0.020901279523968697, -0.022924387827515602, 0.010267704725265503, 0.019328175112605095, -0.011294515803456306, 0.024816017597913742, -0.024664685130119324, -0.009482274763286114, -0.10353735834360123, 0.06221235543489456, -0.024713532999157906, 0.014230678789317608, -0.0018323012627661228, -0.0229103434830904, -0.042669571936130524, -0.03416765481233597, -0.023433294147253036, 0.06679295748472214, -0.012440783903002739, -0.012877725064754486, 0.025172531604766846, -0.003635992528870702, 0.004088436719030142, -0.001611274667084217, 0.004390082787722349, -0.003957176581025124, -0.024430256336927414, -0.005758404266089201, 0.013541392982006073, 0.011741935275495052, 0.003479602048173547, 0.032160792499780655, 0.021644385531544685, 0.051770541816949844, -0.06595908105373383, -0.017570847645401955, -0.038415875285863876, -0.002973395399749279, 0.07734871655702591, 0.007176992949098349, -0.001497269724495709, 0.03266860544681549, 0.07545886188745499, -0.0028141902294009924, -0.03684931993484497, -0.00613431865349412, 0.01980583928525448, -0.05808860436081886, -0.013840918429195881, -0.012821640819311142, 0.05176805332303047, -0.035433750599622726, 0.004508987534791231, 0.023884834721684456, 0.030148236081004143, -0.021667541936039925, 0.045359306037425995, -0.02088748849928379, 0.004623119253665209, -0.04326839745044708, -0.04855338856577873, -0.008724316954612732, -0.013462343253195286, 0.020230473950505257, 0.040179163217544556, 0.07352423667907715, -0.023973584175109863, -0.05068916454911232, 0.037919651716947556, -0.011739283800125122, -0.013886969536542892, -0.0301457978785038, 0.015751009806990623, -0.019143685698509216, 0.0029111700132489204, 0.024834876880049706, -0.006471215281635523, -0.0429728701710701, -0.006686368491500616, 0.0071114529855549335, 0.041456807404756546, 0.03346988558769226, 0.029160527512431145, -0.06582869589328766, 0.03194382041692734, 0.009444940835237503, -0.009675420820713043, -0.008486848324537277, 0.0029342607595026493, 0.020743679255247116, -0.0016000726027414203, 0.03905794769525528, -0.03517347574234009, 0.0037771884817630053, 0.027687784284353256, 0.031852319836616516, 0.0063319639302790165, -0.009760239161550999, 0.0013530653668567538, 0.03778766468167305, -0.0034929339308291674, 0.02098417654633522, 0.013120380230247974, -0.02612009271979332, -0.0017614576499909163, -0.02721989154815674, 0.014091185294091702, -0.010474822483956814, 0.007371704559773207, -0.05398431420326233, 0.02927416004240513, -0.056654129177331924, 0.002616070443764329, 0.028638657182455063, 0.03740634769201279, 0.04972787946462631, -0.04084604233503342, 0.012663811445236206, -0.07501893490552902, -0.012783026322722435, -0.008269266225397587, 0.06385781615972519, 0.01726684719324112, -0.02012387104332447, 0.000001926565801113611, -0.01867246814072132, 0.03578920662403107, 0.007567687425762415, 0.02131478860974312, -0.01643395610153675, -0.06573667377233505, 0.04657341167330742, 0.013151855207979679, -0.038078226149082184, -0.03719766438007355, 0.0011572301154956222, -0.03677213937044144, -0.01604262925684452, 0.03812987357378006, 0.015505323186516762, 0.04858486354351044, 0.02193954586982727, 0.014198364689946175, -0.023084623739123344, -0.04496549069881439, -0.05026770010590553, -0.014876431785523891, -0.028561249375343323, 0.06274820864200592, -0.027625126764178276, 0.03505276143550873, 0.024316975846886635, -0.006569639779627323, 0.04059986397624016, 0.051537130028009415, -0.043748144060373306, -0.0008907730807550251, 0.02818041667342186, 0.05000750347971916, -0.047297898679971695, 0.017199063673615456, -0.007812537252902985, 0.0022297678515315056, 0.00011305007501505315, 0.05508070066571236, -0.009066087193787098, -0.048808541148900986, -0.05195729061961174 ]
<p>Let a wire be shaped according to some even function $y=f(x)$, with $f&#39;(0)=0$ and $f&#39;&#39;(0)&gt;0$, and let a bead of negligible size slide frictionlessly on the wire. Let the bead oscillate under the influence of gravity about $x=0$ with amplitude $A$ (i.e., between $x=-A$ and $x=+A$) and frequency $\omega(A)$. Clearly $\omega$ is nearly constant for small $A$; it differs from the frequency $\omega_o$ of simple harmonic motion by at most $O(A^2)$. By choosing $f$ to be a fourth-order polynomial, we could presumably adjust the wire's shape so as to eliminate the errors of order $A^2$ and make $\omega(A)$ constant up to $O(A^4)$. Possibly we could continue this process of approximation and make all the derivatives $d^n\omega/dA^n$ vanish up to some finite $n$, or maybe for all $n$.</p> <p>If the derivatives can be made to vanish for all $n$, then I think $\omega$ would have to be nonanalytic at $x=0$. It seems impossible that there is any $f$ such that isochrony holds for arbitrarily large $A$. No matter how steep you make the sides, the bead can't do any better than accelerating downward with acceleration $g$. Therefore I think the best $f$ you can find is probably one that blows up to infinity at $|x|$ equal to some $x_{max}$. On dimensional grounds, we would have to have $x_{max}=cL$, where $c$ is a unitless constant and $L=g/\omega_0^2$.</p> <p>So my multipart question is: (1) Is there a function $f$ that gives $d^n\omega/dA^n=0$ for all $n$? If so, ... (2) How is $f$ characterized, and what is $c$? (3) Is $\omega(A)$ analytic at $x=0$, and if so, what is its radius of convergence to its Taylor series in units of $L$?</p>
g4605
[ 0.051748309284448624, 0.027609923854470253, -0.0036313633900135756, 0.005099220667034388, 0.016550302505493164, -0.009442392736673355, 0.0928991511464119, -0.04303663223981857, -0.03713756799697876, -0.013692381791770458, -0.07300300896167755, -0.020697198808193207, -0.0009740263922140002, 0.06409365683794022, 0.03028005175292492, -0.001632910338230431, 0.02675769105553627, -0.005333408713340759, 0.06248679757118225, -0.024349698796868324, 0.01392857450991869, -0.0040076980367302895, -0.0035286175552755594, -0.0007837825105525553, 0.07449100911617279, -0.0005885688005946577, 0.060583893209695816, -0.037193961441516876, -0.03666374459862709, -0.0030723486561328173, 0.004340094514191151, -0.03405648097395897, 0.0373595729470253, -0.025107216089963913, -0.032484110444784164, 0.008553897961974144, 0.003188955830410123, 0.003714796155691147, 0.037825535982847214, 0.002487185411155224, 0.03737325593829155, -0.047757335007190704, 0.03555312752723694, 0.046918805688619614, 0.022267049178481102, -0.01359033863991499, -0.006272403988987207, 0.028831971809267998, 0.003021989716216922, -0.011471602134406567, 0.01104395929723978, 0.019089918583631516, 0.06349185854196548, -0.07026297599077225, -0.03046823851764202, 0.05997766926884651, 0.013677569106221199, 0.0248266588896513, -0.02563192881643772, 0.10717844218015671, -0.03194349259138107, -0.05490749701857567, 0.008887349627912045, 0.004491742234677076, 0.042307060211896896, -0.031982533633708954, -0.025174742564558983, -0.04563514515757561, 0.02087288722395897, 0.0035629915073513985, 0.026189669966697693, -0.07793094217777252, -0.0030922701116651297, 0.019235316663980484, -0.06454057991504669, 0.0037519587203860283, -0.03880360722541809, -0.029395058751106262, 0.01772002875804901, -0.0318937674164772, -0.08849352598190308, 0.06336341053247452, -0.046832021325826645, 0.026165207847952843, -0.012880758382380009, -0.04229672998189926, 0.06231371685862541, -0.012825585901737213, 0.017226150259375572, 0.035275693982839584, 0.05412859097123146, 0.0031462402548640966, 0.004859092645347118, -0.028628148138523102, 0.027817388996481895, 0.001999881351366639, -0.01948968879878521, 0.11906224489212036, 0.02555011585354805, -0.02339104376733303, -0.029350848868489265, 0.01844632998108864, 0.016741998493671417, 0.04913228005170822, 0.0004738701391033828, -0.015928002074360847, 0.08113735169172287, -0.04353964701294899, 0.021510852500796318, -0.0009776076767593622, -0.008903794921934605, -0.028253035619854927, -0.03694245591759682, -0.05599795654416084, -0.0379113033413887, -0.010305236093699932, -0.011020057834684849, -0.000446539546828717, -0.04980045184493065, 0.078901007771492, 0.007876711897552013, -0.034728165715932846, 0.053801242262125015, 0.05707535147666931, -0.017507631331682205, 0.05255741998553276, 0.0011342881480231881, 0.07465135306119919, 0.02426348812878132, -0.024524910375475883, 0.017158377915620804, 0.030880926176905632, 0.05977120250463486, -0.009019174613058567, -0.010804051533341408, 0.023149525746703148, -0.09103455394506454, 0.012832258827984333, -0.05076070874929428, 0.05058737471699715, -0.018736088648438454, -0.09176380187273026, 0.01531127281486988, -0.015509339049458504, -0.06442548334598541, 0.041096072643995285, 0.012801376171410084, -0.024528715759515762, 0.03219512104988098, 0.005785277113318443, 0.03757782652974129, 0.07021094858646393, 0.019710252061486244, -0.029775520786643028, 0.008279294706881046, 0.06365552544593811, 0.09453348815441132, 0.003840812249109149, 0.004702720791101456, -0.013803480193018913, 0.0024810696486383677, -0.03669729083776474, 0.01488362718373537, -0.004330809693783522, -0.032650914043188095, 0.06964244693517685, -0.03898868337273598, -0.04749350622296333, 0.049170587211847305, -0.024887844920158386, -0.06013784185051918, -0.011798239313066006, 0.01793309487402439, 0.026926638558506966, -0.029585668817162514, 0.04307146370410919, -0.019532538950443268, -0.0494343526661396, 0.004076479002833366, 0.039048340171575546, 0.03132924437522888, 0.00347252213396132, 0.0011956398375332355, -0.00034916040021926165, 0.01604638062417507, 0.04943982884287834, 0.04366191104054451, -0.028550181537866592, -0.008970068767666817, 0.020355384796857834, -0.02634095959365368, -0.04526694864034653, -0.004943158943206072, 0.05217508226633072, -0.029944544658064842, 0.00654835207387805, -0.01958969049155712, -0.0366118885576725, -0.0437929593026638, 0.04025264456868172, 0.053662002086639404, 0.08639034628868103, 0.02706928551197052, -0.01455353107303381, 0.012044400908052921, 0.027861667796969414, -0.020514899864792824, 0.00033111192169599235, -0.01760256476700306, 0.008152058348059654, 0.07775777578353882, -0.003100121393799782, -0.002454436384141445, 0.038788802921772, -0.008433681912720203, -0.05329953879117966, 0.003009652951732278, 0.006971603725105524, 0.009510823525488377, -0.002627529203891754, 0.03551014885306358, -0.04227345064282417, 0.0023162986617535353, 0.012602293863892555, -0.049537401646375656, -0.009390079416334629, -0.01990167610347271, -0.011045956052839756, -0.000228755539865233, 0.005747480783611536, -0.09468752145767212, -0.06139705330133438, -0.021080415695905685, -0.04341670125722885, 0.016345836222171783, 0.004374537616968155, -0.034549955278635025, -0.032175514847040176, -0.01035887561738491, 0.01103645283728838, 0.025682099163532257, -0.0156807042658329, -0.020785560831427574, -0.062093768268823624, 0.018162857741117477, -0.01790311187505722, -0.045886337757110596, 0.07450021058320999, 0.0061741117388010025, 0.05579270049929619, 0.06660563498735428, -0.021163491532206535, -0.011384748853743076, 0.04271819442510605, -0.018834533169865608, 0.022628851234912872, -0.00452551431953907, 0.007415943779051304, -0.020841296762228012, -0.048777613788843155, -0.027059640735387802, 0.014422563835978508, 0.008996665477752686, -0.004250388592481613, -0.03996092453598976, -0.002615523524582386, -0.03644435852766037, -0.017729856073856354, -0.005579215008765459, -0.0013714514207094908, 0.01301480457186699, 0.02120809257030487, 0.019617179408669472, 0.05245080962777138, 0.02301916852593422, 0.0334458127617836, -0.001639694906771183, 0.002774687483906746, -0.0023348357062786818, 0.0362180732190609, 0.0021221921779215336, -0.018239688128232956, -0.01871166005730629, -0.004074167925864458, -0.004273773171007633, -0.03608278930187225, 0.05300150439143181, 0.021782854571938515, -0.005751412361860275, 0.014684042893350124, -0.048616837710142136, 0.03136776387691498, 0.05083451792597771, -0.009994002990424633, -0.03771113231778145, 0.06246345490217209, -0.032874662429094315, -0.027686094865202904, 0.0177195742726326, 0.028493018820881844, -0.02312493696808815, -0.04642527550458908, -0.013189262710511684, 0.03308935835957527, -0.016031136736273766, 0.0464576818048954, -0.02844412811100483, -0.07104428857564926, 0.020531777292490005, 0.01790016144514084, 0.03589829429984093, 0.005465198308229446, 0.0044096689671278, -0.06581398844718933, -0.006531237158924341, -0.015484687872231007, 0.030655235052108765, -0.01809176243841648, 0.03014298342168331, 0.03605334833264351, -0.01585296355187893, -0.03192051500082016, -0.009225384332239628, -0.02781783416867256, -0.004073284100741148, -0.019935470074415207, 0.008564584888517857, 0.032001446932554245, -0.07436826080083847, -0.006331082433462143, 0.04615062102675438, -0.008322563953697681, 0.026674319058656693, -0.0005284780054353178, 0.0019277981482446194, -0.08094463497400284, 0.0014216677518561482, 0.01926152966916561, 0.06959440559148788, 0.036385662853717804, -0.09447241574525833, -0.031595684587955475, 0.020534588024020195, -0.04286469891667366, -0.015380991622805595, 0.021625753492116928, -0.005375656299293041, 0.05031893402338028, -0.02152087911963463, -0.020362671464681625, 0.09733704477548599, -0.033023640513420105, 0.02445009909570217, -0.033963657915592194, 0.06846822053194046, 0.035191137343645096, 0.05341041088104248, 0.036890704184770584, -0.058331768959760666, -0.07411492615938187, -0.014829345047473907, -0.06731719523668289, -0.023688901215791702, 0.024692941457033157, 0.06525442004203796, -0.025527967140078545, 0.05180022120475769, 0.05874146148562431, -0.06097208335995674, -0.0048196688294410706, -0.0653635710477829, -0.0035331635735929012, -0.008185600861907005, 0.00285994540899992, -0.010845744051039219, -0.032804835587739944, -0.03835083171725273, 0.018281051889061928, -0.007951419800519943, 0.026615101844072342, -0.0015203033108264208, 0.010210814885795116, -0.001618046429939568, -0.012795907445251942, 0.025657493621110916, 0.016691191121935844, -0.009785009548068047, -0.06666843593120575, -0.02422507107257843, -0.021275296807289124, 0.03468706086277962, -0.030295349657535553, 0.043085165321826935, -0.02224878966808319, -0.01286130677908659, -0.05218612402677536, 0.052793774753808975, 0.010528843849897385, -0.08679669350385666, -0.019177241250872612, 0.046042781323194504, -0.055920980870723724, -0.03917565569281578, -0.003220252227038145, -0.012354954145848751, 0.020570266991853714, 0.02653423510491848, -0.017592594027519226, 0.02948090434074402, -0.020392945036292076, 0.039408128708601, -0.05145525559782982, 0.045611973851919174, -0.08238229900598526, 0.03319527581334114, -0.002525175688788295, 0.027196235954761505, 0.007025254890322685, -0.0044440608471632, -0.0034484094940125942, 0.04837661609053612, 0.055010873824357986, 0.017091231420636177, -0.007980828173458576, 0.008055103942751884, 0.013987611047923565, -0.008073397912085056, -0.008935662917792797, 0.0112915663048625, -0.0001243794395122677, -0.016507336869835854, 0.004400698468089104, -0.01262163557112217, 0.010753313079476357, -0.041761819273233414, 0.012412931770086288, -0.0014653303660452366, 0.017169855535030365, 0.006158630363643169, 0.06553943455219269, 0.07122216373682022, 0.02230752445757389, 0.025550859048962593, -0.01774314045906067, 0.03682200610637665, 0.031490758061409, -0.014406207017600536, -0.041107553988695145, -0.008914067409932613, 0.025513986125588417, 0.009650133550167084, -0.0036019673570990562, -0.021144108846783638, 0.026775620877742767, -0.03568369150161743, -0.00830659456551075, -0.028291817754507065, 0.0026138178072869778, 0.0018430105410516262, 0.04676247388124466, -0.004256151616573334, -0.0610647089779377, -0.08093709498643875, 0.04263356328010559, 0.000967198982834816, 0.024058887735009193, -0.060104817152023315, -0.00958163756877184, -0.07473944872617722, 0.04191797226667404, -0.03980252146720886, 0.06363791227340698, 0.06036309525370598, -0.004818274173885584, -0.04774967581033707, -0.027830347418785095, -0.0348220095038414, 0.03356034308671951, -0.044618211686611176, -0.005443225614726543, -0.016190312802791595, -0.05123230442404747, -0.010649937205016613, 0.013569171540439129, -0.023787036538124084, -0.00724103394895792, 0.0018225169042125344, -0.025343967601656914, 0.008126312866806984, 0.0220700241625309, 0.019141225144267082, 0.00835139025002718, 0.02690514177083969, 0.02216833271086216, -0.0469517782330513, -0.014967438764870167, 0.02252582646906376, -0.03613509237766266, -0.0032132298219949007, 0.03600927069783211, -0.0580093190073967, 0.018817119300365448, -0.029800811782479286, 0.005859105382114649, -0.03302868828177452, 0.06103665754199028, 0.03128558769822121, -0.011273916810750961, 0.013051421381533146, 0.0636659562587738, -0.022790951654314995, 0.08680278807878494, -0.04736325517296791, -0.003140312386676669, -0.03660237416625023, 0.007243442814797163, -0.04134461656212807, -0.01301319245249033, -0.054052017629146576, -0.00215303641743958, 0.041215069591999054, 0.03186370059847832, -0.00553471501916647, 0.026524605229496956, 0.03612498193979263, 0.04583162069320679, 0.0011535711819306016, -0.031326811760663986, -0.018180372193455696, 0.008173205889761448, 0.017991527915000916, -0.02317151427268982, -0.01759011670947075, -0.035529498010873795, 0.02406632900238037, 0.05476721376180649, -0.0007264205487444997, 0.005301396828144789, -0.01624620147049427, -0.016720114275813103, -0.02915620245039463, 0.0060357931070029736, 0.008650551550090313, 0.04521744325757027, -0.04484538361430168, -0.02422100491821766, -0.0020446833223104477, 0.052526041865348816, 0.0018460705177858472, -0.027786698192358017, -0.06605584174394608, -0.02442440576851368, -0.018362946808338165, 0.07994250953197479, -0.05081385001540184, 0.05796702951192856, 0.02510674297809601, -0.06932515650987625, 0.0005065936129540205, -0.02138340473175049, 0.021327555179595947, 0.0012453494127839804, 0.0019487097160890698, -0.006561379414051771, -0.008902163244783878, -0.06042879819869995, -0.01295839436352253, 0.03122926875948906, 0.07138071954250336, 0.04034071043133736, -0.028807366266846657, -0.04253433272242546, -0.04217109456658363, 0.03373866155743599, 0.06401226669549942, 0.00014930508041288704, -0.05523093417286873, -0.04189756140112877, 0.012408196926116943, 0.040387969464063644, -0.04876886308193207, 0.04635804519057274, -0.0024344001431018114, -0.01108913216739893, -0.028937149792909622, -0.0024891288485378027, -0.010939906351268291, 0.021200869232416153, 0.010397234931588173, -0.03288814425468445, -0.05415111035108566, 0.010578143410384655, 0.004367518704384565, -0.011100362986326218, 0.0017778078326955438, -0.0458897240459919, -0.004257561173290014, -0.004925265908241272, -0.01882593147456646, 0.007387153804302216, 0.021637167781591415, 0.00677092419937253, 0.04996321722865105, 0.027664557099342346, -0.002003571717068553, 0.028930729255080223, 0.017940381541848183, -0.018680742010474205, 0.01849902607500553, 0.006987148895859718, 0.025263119488954544, 0.05127546563744545, 0.0020250999368727207, -0.007896690629422665, 0.007143567781895399, -0.047695521265268326, -0.0006765265134163201, -0.043737705796957016, 0.03525488078594208, -0.02953598089516163, 0.02221740037202835, 0.02949942834675312, -0.02006509341299534, 0.015782229602336884, 0.027615362778306007, -0.03222871199250221, -0.040442876517772675, 0.006755935028195381, -0.027868159115314484, -0.022314611822366714, 0.04758110269904137, 0.0591391958296299, -0.06924629211425781, 0.06550238281488419, -0.0034025448840111494, 0.05425771325826645, -0.049719616770744324, 0.034258730709552765, 0.010560364462435246, 0.03914763033390045, 0.007841002196073532, 0.06591141223907471, -0.00041510703158564866, 0.043858788907527924, -0.01750035025179386, -0.029132386669516563, 0.03628745302557945, 0.02638169750571251, -0.03556802123785019, 0.024652214720845222, 0.04500189051032066, -0.010532181710004807, -0.05288735777139664, 0.022878920659422874, -0.0024593123234808445, -0.023069234564900398, -0.018883313983678818, 0.04120167717337608, -0.0075679440051317215, -0.03469597175717354, -0.008864201605319977, -0.023734204471111298, 0.0743197351694107, -0.028895294293761253, -0.007878338918089867, 0.0489928312599659, 0.03154425695538521, -0.03912346810102463, -0.06031475216150284, -0.0034429116640239954, 0.014110117219388485, -0.01987440139055252, 0.007385308854281902, 0.007042135577648878, 0.06886706501245499, 0.028147101402282715, -0.0007744496688246727, -0.01842242106795311, -0.027316821739077568, 0.04083326458930969, 0.032676536589860916, -0.020349865779280663, 0.02708548866212368, -0.03209521621465683, -0.032870300114154816, 0.066197969019413, -0.04687416926026344, 0.03356905281543732, -0.049427568912506104, -0.009674631990492344, 0.0032319296151399612, 0.10661782324314117, -0.009778675623238087, -0.04567905142903328, 0.0035304161719977856, 0.044576238840818405, -0.03176344186067581, 0.010003405623137951, -0.01718592457473278, -0.0097370445728302, -0.019795000553131104, -0.03500794991850853, -0.020707644522190094, 0.0015093849506229162, -0.06998425722122192, -0.004846431780606508, -0.027516456320881844, -0.020991157740354538, -0.01569351740181446, 0.03880026564002037, -0.003799326019361615, 0.08080863207578659, -0.06604810059070587, 0.019979937002062798, 0.06785467267036438, 0.03761933743953705, -0.030887067317962646, -0.01599949784576893, 0.028699690476059914, -0.038302503526210785, -0.03397182747721672, -0.01419826503843069, -0.01561431773006916, -0.07483500242233276, -0.008113729767501354, -0.030396901071071625, -0.06677724421024323, -0.014897823333740234, -0.014728980138897896, -0.025887809693813324, -0.04035070911049843, -0.030983438715338707, 0.0066456240601837635, 0.018686197698116302, -0.03917691856622696, -0.03647669404745102, -0.023588720709085464, -0.01673690229654312, -0.03587537631392479, 0.020788300782442093, 0.032926954329013824, -0.03306743502616882, -0.024508798494935036, -0.010433845221996307, 0.023328347131609917, 0.06350450962781906, -0.017661238089203835, 0.05567231401801109, 0.027005985379219055, -0.043062593787908554, -0.01374885719269514, 0.012500038370490074, -0.014196678064763546, -0.006938657723367214, 0.0015251407166942954, -0.01662316359579563, 0.01851441152393818, 0.05878066644072533, 0.008093871176242828, -0.05725996568799019, -0.058225929737091064, -0.057376712560653687, -0.03544389083981514, 0.0385676845908165, 0.01434430293738842, -0.0825287476181984, 0.052333198487758636, 0.008781373500823975 ]
<p>When a ray of ordinary light is passed on the surface of the water the reflected light will be completely polarized( vibrations in one plane).</p> <p>My question is what will be <strong>plane of vibration in the partially polarized light</strong> that undergoes refraction? <strong>How many planes of vibration</strong> will be there? Deep explanation focusing on the <strong>planes of vibration</strong> of the partially polarized light would be appreciated.</p>
g4606
[ 0.019411437213420868, 0.026014024391770363, 0.008343011140823364, -0.006032166536897421, 0.007865514606237411, 0.012177948839962482, 0.045690570026636124, 0.0002446859434712678, 0.03994571417570114, -0.03928226977586746, -0.004726381506770849, 0.00695048039779067, -0.0341162383556366, -0.009834603406488895, -0.01616002433001995, 0.00478839036077261, 0.03238054737448692, 0.00889312569051981, 0.04412103071808815, 0.017675306648015976, -0.06059694662690163, 0.008016386069357395, -0.01974058896303177, -0.07322140783071518, -0.027420666068792343, 0.03167414292693138, -0.01114236656576395, -0.04756825417280197, 0.015374197624623775, 0.003155136713758111, -0.007673019543290138, -0.055569715797901154, 0.013194240629673004, -0.00011869684385601431, -0.005741119850426912, -0.023921430110931396, 0.023860003799200058, 0.031189538538455963, 0.033605776727199554, -0.015014834702014923, 0.021996760740876198, 0.032395970076322556, -0.07953653484582901, -0.011207247152924538, 0.08664531260728836, -0.020319130271673203, -0.011222819797694683, -0.008501535281538963, -0.052777163684368134, -0.00874699279665947, 0.017129890620708466, -0.004750736989080906, 0.02533602900803089, 0.024088913574814796, -0.024663878604769707, 0.08832996338605881, -0.020904110744595528, 0.016178466379642487, 0.0038596594240516424, 0.010018612258136272, 0.008361296728253365, 0.014636492356657982, -0.0278093870729208, 0.04862170293927193, 0.0016488900873810053, -0.031030841171741486, -0.04415607079863548, -0.022721363231539726, 0.07729053497314453, 0.027608521282672882, 0.012263622134923935, -0.022267216816544533, -0.04835129901766777, -0.031412798911333084, -0.036895833909511566, -0.041361790150403976, 0.0042263213545084, -0.0023086662404239178, -0.017442453652620316, 0.041805800050497055, 0.07977750152349472, -0.01157525833696127, -0.03904278203845024, -0.01514840591698885, 0.09175818413496017, -0.01038452610373497, -0.03292042016983032, 0.003693508915603161, -0.03566897660493851, -0.034268490970134735, 0.025075120851397514, -0.028801236301660538, 0.05412551760673523, 0.0017022270476445556, 0.025853155180811882, -0.06006114184856415, 0.0059932745061814785, 0.015578247606754303, -0.05474556237459183, 0.01157266553491354, -0.025363117456436157, -0.020343994721770287, 0.0006520479219034314, 0.016984064131975174, 0.08809808641672134, 0.0010330516379326582, 0.010729768313467503, -0.023326249793171883, 0.006118322256952524, 0.054088931530714035, -0.021101446822285652, -0.05398466810584068, -0.004430690314620733, -0.058930885046720505, -0.019208766520023346, -0.02647463046014309, 0.09502705186605453, 0.0521184466779232, 0.0012339403619989753, 0.1101016029715538, 0.0653645247220993, 0.011726068332791328, -0.00032091044704429805, 0.06174890697002411, -0.028961388394236565, 0.03322813659906387, 0.027021683752536774, 0.04250861704349518, 0.052500784397125244, 0.046645477414131165, -0.03670015186071396, 0.017579520121216774, -0.016348568722605705, -0.019520152360200882, 0.006959362421184778, 0.012786039151251316, -0.003238164819777012, -0.05158988758921623, -0.0010075039463117719, -0.022234147414565086, 0.013255726546049118, 0.02598601020872593, -0.04682257026433945, 0.019175900146365166, 0.01939532347023487, -0.015583316795527935, 0.05537140741944313, 0.0030092326924204826, 0.012747306376695633, 0.018801549449563026, 0.011675986461341381, 0.02795892208814621, 0.000921347236726433, -0.04991433769464493, -0.012869028374552727, -0.03966221213340759, 0.04829603433609009, -0.045794934034347534, 0.041259873658418655, 0.021735016256570816, 0.02197105623781681, 0.006752608809620142, 0.03166010603308678, -0.007187558803707361, -0.04676399379968643, -0.015270233154296875, -0.02767902798950672, -0.07887022942304611, 0.0002432939800200984, -0.03482387959957123, -0.03890042379498482, 0.009080459363758564, -0.0031884785275906324, 0.022638671100139618, -0.008289899677038193, 0.09445590525865555, 0.04605536162853241, 0.0021298083011060953, -0.021077066659927368, 0.03616117686033249, -0.033638857305049896, 0.0008758328622207046, -0.002064554952085018, -0.021508216857910156, -0.043913036584854126, -0.05121932178735733, -0.007004326209425926, -0.0051923757418990135, -0.06709079444408417, 0.029681434854865074, -0.04111073538661003, 0.029668746516108513, -0.01282096654176712, -0.017262063920497894, -0.021020110696554184, -0.015793750062584877, 0.025972334668040276, 0.0058950018137693405, -0.020358318462967873, 0.03274926915764809, 0.036165136843919754, 0.03295882046222687, 0.04196725785732269, 0.04458623006939888, -0.010679000057280064, 0.056937526911497116, -0.005063724238425493, -0.02534569427371025, -0.04578021541237831, 0.02268543653190136, 0.014248068444430828, 0.00013411790132522583, -0.0053067076951265335, -0.0267485361546278, -0.04576960206031799, 0.08506165444850922, -0.036183249205350876, 0.03202416002750397, 0.0025397134013473988, 0.0315704271197319, -0.008151669055223465, 0.02758471854031086, -0.03972383216023445, 0.06033700332045555, 0.011344263330101967, 0.04972516745328903, -0.05808476358652115, -0.011432527564466, 0.07209765166044235, 0.03378639742732048, -0.05020472779870033, -0.02199650928378105, 0.07400128990411758, 0.054442986845970154, -0.007311999797821045, 0.04242830350995064, -0.0706123560667038, 0.04766223952174187, 0.0074531142599880695, -0.05068129673600197, 0.038582805544137955, 0.0333343930542469, -0.03505870699882507, 0.006368783302605152, -0.03255072608590126, 0.026658831164240837, 0.014318134635686874, -0.042713895440101624, 0.06704727560281754, 0.08137800544500351, 0.036902446299791336, -0.0037971073761582375, 0.06696183979511261, 0.06330844759941101, -0.022966202348470688, -0.017691386863589287, 0.0028048560488969088, 0.0280886460095644, 0.007719376124441624, -0.043870870023965836, -0.025461845099925995, -0.019429925829172134, 0.01153242215514183, -0.003785555949434638, -0.03097887709736824, -0.009498413652181625, 0.0736466497182846, 0.028094695881009102, 0.03769815340638161, -0.0017478414811193943, -0.03544921800494194, 0.09287073463201523, 0.03306710720062256, 0.026908690109848976, -0.014649245887994766, -0.031213605776429176, -0.004386584274470806, -0.03228515386581421, -0.036911532282829285, 0.019921479746699333, -0.00931208860129118, 0.051302868872880936, -0.04893484711647034, -0.013974650762975216, -0.00474830437451601, -0.03959036245942116, 0.06180666759610176, 0.020234473049640656, -0.01908867061138153, 0.05143279954791069, -0.0941050723195076, -0.05731085315346718, 0.055511657148599625, 0.011097249574959278, -0.0270177461206913, -0.007234160788357258, 0.009140954352915287, -0.022625206038355827, 0.010719609446823597, 0.07632455974817276, 0.01644703932106495, -0.016304494813084602, -0.007188797928392887, 0.011840477585792542, -0.050433848053216934, 0.004533246159553528, 0.026659982278943062, -0.06053851172327995, 0.005792528856545687, 0.045376189053058624, -0.0025146969128400087, -0.021513640880584717, 0.02080729603767395, -0.003448048373684287, -0.010494926944375038, 0.025226671248674393, -0.050494007766246796, 0.020166469737887383, -0.006997702177613974, -0.0047376505099236965, -0.048249632120132446, -0.00908722449094057, -0.008506535552442074, -0.0007880218327045441, 0.017981627956032753, -0.06301449239253998, 0.011040168814361095, 0.0656575858592987, -0.021738355979323387, 0.009461396373808384, 0.008202650584280491, -0.005166446324437857, -0.05175624042749405, -0.030522633343935013, -0.008453592658042908, -0.01709609478712082, -0.040122728794813156, 0.026719313114881516, 0.05439232662320137, 0.013373593799769878, 0.0069515639916062355, -0.03488772362470627, -0.050721488893032074, -0.06523662060499191, 0.04721122235059738, -0.015218561515212059, -0.04117342084646225, -0.040576234459877014, 0.002657988341525197, -0.013028008863329887, 0.04065626114606857, -0.0022783989552408457, -0.016663966700434685, 0.03586909919977188, -0.06293357163667679, 0.060108449310064316, -0.015490680001676083, 0.025222674012184143, 0.007910267449915409, -0.02272139862179756, 0.012218577787280083, -0.050503622740507126, 0.051278501749038696, -0.029622424393892288, -0.013291336596012115, -0.004174191039055586, 0.004581643268465996, -0.018925169482827187, -0.013660971075296402, 0.019495291635394096, 0.016395723447203636, -0.08229845762252808, -0.005438837688416243, -0.038585346192121506, 0.030970541760325432, 0.000506931624840945, -0.028033046051859856, -0.03711025044322014, -0.09165555983781815, 0.04975191131234169, 0.03672492504119873, 0.008216047659516335, 0.06659527122974396, 0.004217623267322779, 0.021454690024256706, 0.043072450906038284, -0.022951865568757057, -0.0001628135214559734, -0.0056395442225039005, -0.020518619567155838, 0.0494704470038414, -0.03993675485253334, -0.05277860909700394, 0.012450789101421833, 0.016332823783159256, -0.07167863845825195, 0.03507823497056961, 0.0048437281511723995, -0.053308676928281784, 0.02085012011229992, 0.0223421361297369, 0.046897001564502716, -0.013771885074675083, 0.000560385815333575, 0.006806402001529932, -0.006389033515006304, 0.016217432916164398, -0.05855078250169754, -0.020359467715024948, 0.011867676861584187, 0.016184309497475624, -0.03983255475759506, -0.039319269359111786, -0.09458927810192108, -0.02581965923309326, 0.04848637804389, -0.009562892839312553, -0.0003088840749114752, -0.01654031127691269, 0.017697541043162346, 0.03224591165781021, 0.025372859090566635, -0.02224322222173214, -0.010067984461784363, 0.008404359221458435, -0.00577338133007288, 0.044933222234249115, -0.03248422592878342, -0.03360548987984657, -0.12777014076709747, -0.013479599729180336, -0.009130879305303097, -0.007039267104119062, -0.0029999990947544575, -0.044105496257543564, 0.042791225016117096, 0.002528790384531021, 0.021982917562127113, -0.019983697682619095, 0.0383443646132946, 0.03164638951420784, 0.013829031027853489, 0.03938665986061096, 0.020786771550774574, 0.03728741779923439, 0.0018860966665670276, -0.0070544141344726086, -0.07058563828468323, 0.04356149211525917, -0.049234677106142044, -0.052775196731090546, 0.01318392064422369, -0.05515384301543236, -0.0019663884304463863, -0.04369049519300461, 0.043146762996912, -0.03701899200677872, 0.016766268759965897, -0.03495032340288162, 0.021879415959119797, -0.008137254044413567, -0.013564076274633408, 0.0062617091462016106, -0.022935913875699043, 0.027401231229305267, -0.038796499371528625, -0.01641133613884449, 0.01272858027368784, -0.08083976805210114, 0.006842575967311859, 0.009531009942293167, 0.04431542009115219, 0.0034843338653445244, 0.0007490235730074346, 0.0014537334209308028, 0.029761310666799545, -0.07071510702371597, -0.03671756386756897, 0.01884048990905285, -0.05107955262064934, 0.03253331407904625, -0.0200213473290205, -0.02661287598311901, -0.04668917879462242, -0.01443551480770111, -0.0037949534598737955, 0.033521801233291626, 0.03949800133705139, -0.09281652420759201, -0.0453014113008976, -0.0671376958489418, -0.03737808018922806, -0.052186623215675354, 0.004018694162368774, 0.004213535692542791, -0.021630598232150078, -0.029111094772815704, -0.07582218199968338, 0.02577938511967659, 0.026482045650482178, -0.01338617317378521, -0.029605403542518616, 0.025638585910201073, -0.013513235375285149, -0.01831333339214325, -0.006067377980798483, 0.030507296323776245, -0.045175738632678986, -0.008808310143649578, 0.06849413365125656, 0.016973329707980156, -0.04791202023625374, -0.03697925806045532, 0.03230678290128708, 0.008784595876932144, -0.063480444252491, 0.011046761646866798, 0.09379936009645462, -0.041298385709524155, 0.00984248798340559, 0.009978457354009151, -0.0064611900597810745, -0.018471650779247284, -0.015714718028903008, 0.0396113358438015, -0.026204951107501984, -0.04186442866921425, 0.015245183371007442, 0.06537719070911407, -0.03620849549770355, 0.06378372758626938, 0.029224688187241554, 0.03275318816304207, 0.002670901594683528, 0.02859589084982872, -0.0735882893204689, 0.0024050220381468534, -0.008196852169930935, 0.019678214564919472, 0.030140681192278862, -0.044311441481113434, 0.024151287972927094, 0.04763404652476311, 0.0842069685459137, -0.0029186327010393143, 0.015862291678786278, 0.001479085418395698, 0.021055780351161957, -0.0007265337626449764, 0.07305718958377838, -0.01002640649676323, 0.023772913962602615, -0.044525146484375, 0.023686813190579414, -0.01861623115837574, 0.029776563867926598, -0.0003065330092795193, -0.07600951194763184, 0.015850426629185677, -0.03506780415773392, 0.048578668385744095, 0.056166354566812515, -0.026270192116498947, -0.0383349172770977, -0.012430625036358833, -0.02899191342294216, -0.014248673804104328, -0.021201161667704582, 0.03407420590519905, -0.0156787671148777, -0.009473597630858421, 0.037396110594272614, -0.004197637550532818, 0.01638907380402088, 0.0106135793030262, 0.015988824889063835, 0.005358187481760979, -0.0112988892942667, -0.054771166294813156, 0.04526161029934883, 0.01741880364716053, -0.0008043317357078195, 0.0022042980417609215, 0.018244629725813866, -0.012895563617348671, -0.028972065076231956, -0.01643749698996544, 0.001739628380164504, 0.0312157291918993, -0.029991915449500084, -0.014340605586767197, -0.043444324284791946, -0.039573755115270615, 0.002915693214163184, 0.054951876401901245, -0.03898795321583748, 0.06979086995124817, 0.0322403647005558, -0.014518176205456257, 0.003019173862412572, 0.07261953502893448, 0.007250980008393526, 0.03885076940059662, -0.022212304174900055, 0.01598573848605156, -0.02257869392633438, -0.022624975070357323, -0.06585536897182465, 0.002612448064610362, 0.06406155228614807, 0.042256880551576614, 0.02193661592900753, -0.040473345667123795, -0.036818020045757294, -0.05031733959913254, -0.05292242392897606, 0.0065338644199073315, -0.034977320581674576, 0.057713184505701065, 0.007536894176155329, -0.001506551168859005, -0.0650683343410492, 0.030128497630357742, -0.0461629256606102, 0.06169653311371803, 0.00958703737705946, -0.02353457547724247, -0.015152307227253914, 0.012738188728690147, 0.06759299337863922, 0.04940025880932808, 0.02631421387195587, 0.003330009523779154, 0.029309943318367004, 0.029912810772657394, 0.03532897308468819, -0.07291550934314728, -0.004082108847796917, 0.031535953283309937, 0.02629156783223152, 0.01770414039492607, 0.027051936835050583, 0.016937019303441048, 0.019022218883037567, -0.05815190449357033, 0.014083248563110828, 0.0120018869638443, -0.0832076296210289, -0.04696090146899223, -0.028304945677518845, -0.03924844041466713, -0.05370514467358589, -0.003756089136004448, 0.03783131763339043, -0.04612395167350769, 0.018077364191412926, -0.029574880376458168, -0.019306158646941185, -0.05804240703582764, 0.015741512179374695, -0.011138856410980225, 0.0010221994016319513, -0.02393389493227005, -0.03319409489631653, -0.032973334193229675, 0.05910283327102661, -0.000002040444996964652, -0.03360840305685997, 0.0007825165521353483, 0.024670850485563278, 0.012348944321274757, -0.04710998013615608, 0.031228773295879364, 0.03083929419517517, -0.0001414577418472618, 0.062270984053611755, 0.006019748281687498, -0.03121955133974552, 0.06980614364147186, 0.014979786239564419, -0.03541899472475052, 0.06525900959968567, 0.001775032957084477, -0.026097524911165237, 0.01832682266831398, -0.036447685211896896, -0.02063201367855072, 0.023043310269713402, 0.012387944385409355, -0.053801730275154114, -0.0001679360429989174, -0.025655081495642662, -0.011426909826695919, 0.003939671441912651, 0.021388482302427292, -0.01710359752178192, 0.03717314824461937, 0.0025153388269245625, 0.033805329352617264, -0.007531392388045788, -0.019114337861537933, 0.05088917911052704, -0.0005155198159627616, 0.02275979518890381, -0.03656410053372383, -0.018407857045531273, 0.02250843122601509, -0.05976353958249092, 0.03976000100374222, -0.03416698798537254, 0.000974655500613153, 0.0661482885479927, 0.024193905293941498, -0.02990548312664032, -0.019904812797904015, -0.009747925214469433, -0.003537274431437254, 0.026262979954481125, -0.011655734851956367, -0.0018791619222611189, 0.012877124361693859, 0.010631248354911804, -0.01245793979614973, -0.04274992272257805, 0.026389257982373238, -0.023600436747074127, 0.04878599941730499, -0.0032808417454361916, 0.0642467588186264, 0.050860948860645294, 0.0013160401722416282, 0.025618119165301323, -0.04998846724629402, 0.010859448462724686, -0.003568761982023716, 0.03050845116376877, -0.0034830577205866575, -0.001955304993316531, 0.02724616415798664, -0.008477703668177128, 0.07974909991025925, -0.011203763075172901, -0.02035018429160118, -0.04074450954794884, -0.024554627016186714, 0.03402142971754074, 0.023289011791348457, -0.00304071931168437, 0.034041937440633774, -0.022714944556355476, -0.04999835789203644, 0.05253239721059799, 0.06292847543954849, 0.028641950339078903, 0.03322736173868179, -0.10976195335388184, 0.039124343544244766, 0.0018091892125084996, 0.01627541519701481, -0.04723886772990227, 0.014148185960948467, 0.016317252069711685, -0.026334404945373535, -0.017503464594483376, -0.04398741200566292, -0.04226173833012581, -0.039383664727211, 0.028607577085494995 ]
<p>If a future astronaut travelled to Alpha Centauri at a significant percentage of light-speed? Apart from increased blue shifted radiation from their direction of travel - how would they experience other cosmic radiation? </p> <p>If the trip took a subject several times faster than an observer on earth. Would the astronaut get less or more time / exposure to cosmic radiation?</p>
g4607
[ -0.0277181975543499, 0.07386880367994308, 0.03090243600308895, 0.022838251665234566, -0.028422068804502487, 0.0336790606379509, -0.02469857782125473, 0.03281145542860031, 0.0036921650171279907, -0.012524036690592766, 0.0792706087231636, 0.02572774700820446, 0.02536144107580185, 0.05813110992312431, 0.046259623020887375, -0.004891398828476667, 0.1210041269659996, -0.05113881826400757, 0.0168744008988142, -0.00925004668533802, 0.018651874735951424, -0.022640584036707878, -0.03679559752345085, -0.02990531362593174, -0.014524402096867561, -0.03738243132829666, 0.002846353454515338, -0.026712484657764435, -0.0865979865193367, -0.026017259806394577, 0.04014957323670387, -0.05532826855778694, -0.016595570370554924, -0.022258520126342773, 0.012185133993625641, -0.018222924321889877, 0.003119175788015127, 0.03831598162651062, -0.04996928572654724, 0.012406679801642895, -0.008269131183624268, -0.0204280074685812, 0.003386163152754307, -0.0017875992925837636, 0.015323363244533539, 0.030137229710817337, 0.012187495827674866, -0.006248812191188335, -0.006718950811773539, 0.02057708613574505, -0.06718248873949051, 0.004260653629899025, 0.005138866603374481, 0.04594797268509865, 0.04645724594593048, -0.007097255438566208, 0.014828148297965527, -0.06328234821557999, 0.0703929141163826, 0.01642909087240696, -0.0121178412809968, -0.09551499038934708, 0.00853580329567194, -0.020631924271583557, -0.007882552221417427, -0.02143627405166626, 0.016431277617812157, 0.05563599616289139, 0.04502623900771141, -0.020653478801250458, 0.06142541766166687, -0.010748976841568947, -0.0981932207942009, -0.03552376851439476, 0.017042549327015877, 0.003362862393260002, 0.03216525539755821, -0.012486753053963184, 0.025134630501270294, 0.09448482096195221, -0.06489930301904678, -0.007048097439110279, -0.004144439473748207, -0.016410725191235542, 0.06334440410137177, -0.03899122402071953, 0.0010732848895713687, -0.028024494647979736, 0.033982157707214355, -0.01810223050415516, 0.03458678349852562, -0.05568228289484978, 0.029324235394597054, 0.03176102787256241, 0.046484097838401794, -0.027492215856909752, -0.018164271488785744, 0.04710417985916138, -0.025489194318652153, -0.01019009854644537, 0.017937764525413513, -0.005822908133268356, 0.01573188230395317, 0.053471848368644714, 0.0012427176116034389, -0.07719400525093079, -0.010155481286346912, -0.026554850861430168, -0.016601605340838432, -0.005339675582945347, -0.015201169066131115, -0.06461072713136673, 0.03306543827056885, 0.013507307507097721, -0.028311675414443016, -0.06223108619451523, 0.0075537897646427155, -0.017058659344911575, 0.015781711786985397, 0.0328630693256855, -0.0076986877247691154, 0.056364431977272034, -0.039772894233465195, -0.01932850293815136, -0.04185279458761215, 0.029071953147649765, -0.030032729730010033, -0.02982781082391739, 0.030921002849936485, 0.032302457839250565, -0.04208714887499809, 0.023607952520251274, 0.016457078978419304, 0.049813952296972275, -0.01695271208882332, 0.009367846883833408, 0.01794126071035862, 0.012188758701086044, -0.007492734119296074, 0.010960958898067474, 0.025735124945640564, -0.03967534005641937, 0.021149465814232826, 0.009936503134667873, -0.03009609691798687, 0.0251472145318985, -0.03497016057372093, 0.02763213962316513, 0.05030817911028862, 0.03173311799764633, 0.03368888422846794, 0.05564802139997482, 0.04754152148962021, -0.006112126167863607, 0.031500253826379776, 0.021697424352169037, -0.0346260666847229, -0.013557309284806252, -0.04722423106431961, 0.05384232476353645, 0.03980882093310356, 0.01571512036025524, 0.018949704244732857, -0.03018699400126934, -0.008417492732405663, 0.006838735658675432, 0.013699193485081196, -0.07059361785650253, -0.0228891558945179, -0.009368181228637695, -0.010767204686999321, -0.005677429959177971, 0.08768795430660248, 0.009175902232527733, 0.009452789090573788, 0.027096061035990715, 0.047027964144945145, -0.03006904199719429, -0.018358565866947174, -0.0040222941897809505, -0.022216450423002243, -0.016806870698928833, -0.032736629247665405, 0.0021890171337872744, 0.04714973270893097, -0.05362223461270332, -0.048968393355607986, -0.04290857911109924, -0.04303167760372162, 0.026219442486763, 0.008799180388450623, -0.07547744363546371, -0.013348974287509918, 0.007549389265477657, -0.022763671353459358, -0.08141428977251053, 0.026335448026657104, 0.03606019169092178, -0.022286435589194298, 0.056680530309677124, -0.00020561418205033988, 0.041294753551483154, 0.02840953879058361, -0.06527016311883926, 0.06313923746347427, 0.013462965376675129, -0.019445041194558144, -0.02155180834233761, 0.01140730269253254, -0.05176026001572609, 0.05505919083952904, 0.0037424725014716387, -0.019160471856594086, 0.011994371190667152, -0.04484596475958824, 0.035504866391420364, 0.0014432223979383707, 0.021675843745470047, 0.04460224509239197, -0.014844999648630619, 0.007858692668378353, 0.013398024253547192, 0.03339865058660507, -0.031425680965185165, -0.021236585453152657, -0.007536550518125296, -0.048300620168447495, -0.025105807930231094, 0.06250107288360596, 0.04178229719400406, -0.045697860419750214, 0.0757024809718132, -0.01950366050004959, 0.003681155387312174, 0.030224807560443878, -0.008651500567793846, 0.008304565213620663, 0.056147925555706024, 0.04408365488052368, -0.040945686399936676, -0.027567241340875626, -0.013175802305340767, -0.037911102175712585, -0.024916069582104683, 0.012113516218960285, -0.04128793999552727, 0.012438816949725151, -0.034351520240306854, -0.029039710760116577, -0.006897167768329382, -0.0008060171967372298, 0.04818668216466904, -0.04900408163666725, 0.02303885854780674, 0.011036786250770092, 0.04875926300883293, -0.06470663100481033, 0.05517682805657387, -0.0849544033408165, -0.015302889980375767, 0.011389671824872494, -0.059021614491939545, 0.02705834060907364, -0.051682908087968826, 0.022120701149106026, 0.07619959861040115, 0.0010798890143632889, 0.007427622098475695, -0.035119421780109406, 0.04955389350652695, -0.029204143211245537, 0.08094621449708939, -0.01602194271981716, 0.06147373095154762, -0.024674972519278526, 0.00840000156313181, -0.00610768236219883, -0.02607935480773449, 0.009715608321130276, -0.021195875480771065, 0.013157564215362072, 0.0015120276948437095, -0.01659104973077774, -0.009826273657381535, 0.010192511603236198, -0.024455158039927483, -0.010504292324185371, -0.0011298756580799818, 0.005173694342374802, 0.006879693362861872, -0.002539378125220537, -0.01879182830452919, 0.05300585925579071, 0.050374146550893784, 0.016425086185336113, 0.022301064804196358, 0.04873521998524666, 0.047455716878175735, -0.028603414073586464, -0.01517105009406805, 0.03638211637735367, -0.07478058338165283, 0.026621820405125618, 0.0406753309071064, -0.07557149976491928, -0.010188130661845207, -0.04374321922659874, -0.01271390076726675, 0.01084485836327076, -0.0019168603466823697, -0.03128434717655182, 0.006104495842009783, 0.006702733691781759, 0.03452158719301224, -0.01291179284453392, -0.05729648470878601, -0.007266673259437084, 0.037239521741867065, 0.03515191376209259, 0.0028426130302250385, 0.08628721535205841, -0.022003905847668648, -0.02354086935520172, 0.05040847510099411, 0.025828950107097626, 0.01362383458763361, 0.0034443954937160015, -0.06417033076286316, -0.04833215847611427, 0.007374937646090984, 0.041000500321388245, 0.025390617549419403, -0.010425614193081856, 0.01568233221769333, -0.07057207077741623, 0.015499071218073368, -0.051841434091329575, 0.03769674524664879, 0.005122451111674309, 0.044573284685611725, 0.007264045998454094, -0.02577693946659565, 0.0030666571110486984, 0.014260899275541306, 0.07953038066625595, -0.006727232597768307, 0.05349254608154297, 0.02636794000864029, -0.013301154598593712, 0.027880989015102386, 0.08930055052042007, -0.010301792994141579, -0.02618504874408245, -0.031470149755477905, 0.0007600588724017143, 0.008270211517810822, -0.001249130116775632, 0.03893008083105087, -0.01828916370868683, -0.04095765948295593, 0.008571209385991096, 0.018202699720859528, -0.024974003434181213, 0.025608928874135017, -0.018102973699569702, 0.015705203637480736, -0.005211022216826677, -0.010133020579814911, 0.011510164476931095, 0.030665019527077675, 0.04299001395702362, 0.0007621496915817261, -0.009413973428308964, 0.008738488890230656, 0.03346927836537361, -0.03198644891381264, 0.003908917307853699, -0.05574072524905205, -0.0171184279024601, 0.004962025210261345, -0.027902472764253616, 0.033620670437812805, 0.025862105190753937, -0.015013488009572029, 0.0356413833796978, 0.01017296127974987, -0.0014828428393229842, -0.00680373003706336, -0.030499372631311417, -0.04401378333568573, 0.009488330222666264, -0.06513364613056183, -0.005369242746382952, -0.006674859207123518, -0.00255204807035625, -0.03537096455693245, 0.044766608625650406, -0.02213800884783268, 0.024287359789013863, 0.06292438507080078, -0.02726740948855877, 0.06603091955184937, 0.04894697666168213, -0.005092443432658911, -0.043435219675302505, -0.007937969639897346, -0.023105451837182045, -0.03129889443516731, -0.05921604856848717, 0.06406457722187042, 0.007201977074146271, -0.022125137969851494, -0.03730323910713196, -0.01284151803702116, 0.006926221773028374, -0.015231052413582802, -0.02284250035881996, -0.008732981979846954, 0.02215886488556862, 0.03635665774345398, -0.005804919637739658, -0.026654748246073723, 0.03535141423344612, 0.030572984367609024, 0.05054212734103203, 0.025433054193854332, 0.02016494795680046, 0.009513797238469124, -0.0060122343711555, 0.03081490844488144, 0.05177399143576622, 0.02233719639480114, -0.04426267743110657, 0.035631921142339706, -0.053203973919153214, 0.07029332220554352, 0.0320202112197876, 0.01473250612616539, 0.0915789008140564, -0.040175728499889374, 0.014588721096515656, 0.04602062702178955, -0.005138522945344448, -0.03328637406229973, 0.022021953016519547, 0.08741887658834457, -0.04525898024439812, -0.0862889215350151, 0.025691617280244827, -0.026923904195427895, -0.03562050685286522, -0.025142759084701538, -0.039325274527072906, 0.014065711759030819, 0.008337765000760555, -0.0563461072742939, -0.010039259679615498, 0.009856905788183212, 0.09576667845249176, 0.042183730751276016, -0.038183923810720444, 0.0185257475823164, 0.0530707873404026, -0.04379840940237045, -0.028866935521364212, 0.05749820917844772, -0.0007748764473944902, 0.00414570327848196, -0.04199254512786865, 0.017748385667800903, -0.05224001035094261, -0.06956327706575394, 0.005900469142943621, 0.0013848233502358198, -0.08839932084083557, 0.02493242733180523, -0.004562808200716972, -0.021170321851968765, -0.028204459697008133, 0.007583754137158394, -0.002874064492061734, 0.021153012290596962, 0.02021634578704834, -0.006064888089895248, -0.039874207228422165, 0.0017989177722483873, -0.055188946425914764, -0.005263020750135183, 0.010114016011357307, -0.03946910798549652, -0.023325039073824883, -0.022004351019859314, -0.004650042857974768, -0.03193414583802223, -0.05727780610322952, 0.008370822295546532, 0.007841945625841618, -0.008076456375420094, 0.023838123306632042, 0.01778671145439148, -0.016957802698016167, 0.03533260151743889, 0.005498813930898905, -0.08095690608024597, -0.0353224091231823, 0.007541341707110405, -0.004390227608382702, 0.027864202857017517, -0.015488938428461552, 0.07295158505439758, -0.016269512474536896, 0.04515719413757324, 0.019467124715447426, -0.004537863191217184, 0.009085800498723984, 0.0013417827431112528, -0.0627526342868805, -0.014800991863012314, 0.03653101250529289, -0.05204261839389801, 0.01166492234915495, 0.04550614580512047, 0.05406402423977852, 0.05790937319397926, 0.023437615483999252, -0.020522957667708397, -0.0482696071267128, 0.0717616155743599, 0.0028459893073886633, -0.015016810037195683, 0.007158886641263962, 0.02491309866309166, -0.03367909416556358, 0.01025795005261898, 0.010108079761266708, -0.005922463722527027, 0.003126951167359948, 0.03624020516872406, 0.028879517689347267, -0.014664276503026485, -0.05935421213507652, -0.007398229092359543, 0.03242962062358856, 0.07079855352640152, 0.026428503915667534, -0.012787619605660439, -0.025795141234993935, -0.021459968760609627, 0.023458199575543404, -0.012307156808674335, -0.04322690889239311, -0.03280771151185036, 0.05222615227103233, 0.07135486602783203, -0.000181067458470352, 0.053446657955646515, 0.0029098184313625097, -0.020309841260313988, -0.0021581309847533703, -0.01823602430522442, 0.012439599260687828, -0.020485203713178635, 0.06686506420373917, -0.03416546806693077, -0.012755541130900383, -0.06822959333658218, 0.019771426916122437, -0.06266794353723526, 0.05382808297872543, 0.03280796483159065, -0.009394903667271137, -0.021492017433047295, 0.028100376948714256, -0.023250609636306763, -0.00948869064450264, -0.00682868342846632, -0.03367289528250694, -0.08080915361642838, -0.0840567797422409, 0.015434914268553257, -0.02065495401620865, -0.017237285152077675, 0.0010257391259074211, -0.009979118593037128, 0.0015590364346280694, 0.057920053601264954, -0.003025676589459181, 0.0015177035238593817, 0.0469992496073246, -0.060424286872148514, 0.012845219112932682, -0.0764973908662796, 0.0036154878325760365, -0.045458145439624786, -0.08813396841287613, 0.014589345082640648, -0.040374599397182465, -0.033429112285375595, -0.044333565980196, 0.0329117476940155, -0.003866493469104171, -0.03992097079753876, 0.03781680762767792, -0.00046389270573854446, 0.04831773042678833, -0.003448986215516925, -0.04538403078913689, -0.038013506680727005, 0.090131014585495, -0.009696751832962036, 0.012537687085568905, 0.013698927126824856, 0.01914902776479721, 0.04454013705253601, -0.024618856608867645, 0.031069545075297356, 0.056564535945653915, -0.019930951297283173, -0.03550615906715393, 0.01895046792924404, 0.03742422163486481, -0.017448417842388153, 0.007416557986289263, -0.021103059872984886, -0.003902472322806716, 0.004998842254281044, -0.027211317792534828, 0.019784996286034584, 0.02844926156103611, -0.004146882798522711, -0.020742863416671753, 0.020702708512544632, 0.020128441974520683, 0.01806029863655567, 0.054813090711832047, -0.004799560643732548, -0.019060876220464706, -0.04281783849000931, -0.018918169662356377, 0.02403530851006508, 0.0040580048225820065, 0.011431816034018993, -0.02750283293426037, -0.05913620442152023, -0.026335816830396652, 0.02790234424173832, -0.0030789426527917385, -0.010552202351391315, 0.010796898975968361, -0.040996186435222626, 0.03139595314860344, -0.04481317102909088, 0.007240693084895611, -0.0385248064994812, 0.018474768847227097, 0.009016269817948341, -0.018689459189772606, 0.04464713856577873, 0.04698778688907623, -0.083457350730896, 0.0032898217905312777, -0.0037939641624689102, -0.07025720179080963, 0.06680428981781006, -0.005853408481925726, -0.03409199044108391, 0.02524070255458355, -0.0610739141702652, 0.037306174635887146, -0.018281182274222374, -0.020807519555091858, 0.029351599514484406, -0.06910468637943268, 0.009386621415615082, -0.014302188530564308, -0.03903845325112343, -0.022221742197871208, -0.05374838411808014, -0.007178527768701315, 0.05379943922162056, 0.02872903272509575, -0.008639774285256863, 0.04713181406259537, 0.04213554784655571, 0.0014869944425299764, 0.025101354345679283, -0.01845521852374077, -0.061376940459012985, 0.015642074868083, -0.0461459644138813, -0.04891584813594818, -0.06101464107632637, -0.004568126983940601, -0.033593446016311646, -0.01812092959880829, -0.04754434525966644, 0.01558337826281786, 0.041336432099342346, 0.07012593001127243, 0.0027853676583617926, -0.04776553437113762, 0.017494522035121918, 0.004222057294100523, 0.011118237860500813, 0.010001306422054768, -0.0007524016546085477, 0.021173451095819473, -0.009929230436682701, -0.06515420228242874, 0.03277510777115822, 0.04020596295595169, 0.03868500515818596, -0.012717628851532936, 0.03848528116941452, -0.021803848445415497, 0.005515549797564745, 0.006973054725676775, -0.02595181204378605, 0.00625251280143857, 0.022003088146448135, 0.0343581885099411, -0.009780129417777061, -0.02317218855023384, 0.0059569887816905975, 0.0836724266409874, 0.037514325231313705, -0.04082997143268585, -0.0634220540523529, -0.005630719941109419, -0.06912140548229218, 0.042366813868284225, 0.025637676939368248, -0.02607506886124611, -0.005917572416365147, -0.06759167462587357, 0.0022707669995725155, 0.016754349693655968, -0.04960145056247711, -0.04176021367311478, -0.0015728760045021772, -0.017444901168346405, 0.03588854521512985, 0.006071924231946468, 0.033527642488479614, -0.006037259940057993, 0.027160651981830597, 0.008904382586479187, -0.00819613877683878, 0.06158873066306114, -0.02585770934820175, 0.03523656353354454, -0.01042769756168127, 0.0050028604455292225, 0.014973524026572704, -0.028762200847268105, 0.032183267176151276, 0.01224674005061388, -0.09770967811346054, -0.09132060408592224, 0.0010014692088589072, 0.01898825913667679, 0.014085197821259499, 0.022763099521398544, -0.025464924052357674, -0.030238168314099312, -0.006378977093845606, 0.02114674635231495, -0.04043447598814964 ]
<p>Wikipedia says:</p> <blockquote> <p>It is believed that, due to the extraordinarily small scale of the universe at the time, quantum effects of gravity dominated physical interactions.</p> </blockquote> <p>But I wonder whether there is any indication that the dimensions of the universe were small at the time rather than being infinite?</p> <p>Undoubtedly it was very dense but very dense does not necessary mean "small".</p> <p>Is Wikipedia wrong on this point?</p>
g4608
[ 0.05675315856933594, 0.09724012762308121, 0.03595200553536415, -0.05616379156708717, -0.023494146764278412, 0.07398399710655212, 0.03930089250206947, -0.00491973664611578, -0.03419702500104904, -0.05096113309264183, 0.009926906786859035, -0.045979373157024384, -0.00703059509396553, 0.037197306752204895, 0.03434867039322853, 0.0031513941939920187, 0.01389121264219284, -0.011339671909809113, 0.0077200280502438545, -0.006099746562540531, -0.03851966932415962, -0.026995018124580383, -0.010119984857738018, -0.04571739584207535, -0.053991466760635376, 0.01947697438299656, 0.03248488903045654, -0.053517840802669525, -0.010032128542661667, -0.02591715194284916, -0.004974990151822567, 0.003597975242882967, -0.011709995567798615, -0.012802330777049065, -0.029298491775989532, -0.06086324155330658, -0.0009056683047674596, 0.014219442382454872, 0.04014107584953308, -0.039972979575395584, 0.005010154563933611, -0.013428224250674248, -0.023038029670715332, -0.03748423978686333, -0.03166009858250618, 0.022079017013311386, -0.03613293915987015, 0.03472480550408363, 0.004056193400174379, -0.04681424796581268, -0.05881131440401077, 0.026565663516521454, 0.042347438633441925, 0.055923666805028915, 0.08766171336174011, 0.016267668455839157, 0.06177805736660957, 0.02405369281768799, 0.07383230328559875, 0.023931367322802544, 0.000981457531452179, -0.007123648654669523, 0.05734290927648544, 0.03711002692580223, 0.026769287884235382, 0.051647037267684937, -0.02174151875078678, -0.03375013545155525, 0.06594434380531311, -0.009286069311201572, 0.011311711743474007, -0.07213988900184631, -0.0006521962932310998, 0.008664926514029503, 0.018334874883294106, 0.06408769637346268, 0.01951056346297264, 0.016407659277319908, -0.032664671540260315, -0.015279925428330898, -0.05203373357653618, -0.062043774873018265, 0.010732083581387997, -0.020996803417801857, 0.02459530346095562, -0.026298176497220993, -0.03651820123195648, -0.03579946234822273, -0.0006560624460689723, 0.030303465202450752, -0.018413443118333817, -0.001682413392700255, 0.031223392114043236, 0.03632575273513794, 0.03817232325673103, 0.0011632527457550168, 0.03206648305058479, 0.015018983744084835, -0.029685242101550102, 0.028168201446533203, -0.03807031363248825, 0.060914862900972366, 0.05071352422237396, 0.00899416022002697, 0.013571683317422867, 0.0010377061553299427, -0.044113028794527054, -0.003774454817175865, 0.028052575886249542, -0.04143284633755684, -0.038998205214738846, -0.04255632683634758, -0.053776953369379044, -0.05060319975018501, -0.009329626336693764, 0.01236491184681654, 0.06253424286842346, -0.026691507548093796, 0.0019767512567341328, -0.012490984983742237, -0.024825217202305794, 0.004317949991673231, -0.028069695457816124, 0.031725410372018814, -0.05557785555720329, -0.05615302547812462, -0.009531697258353233, 0.006538503337651491, -0.01020883210003376, -0.06994164735078812, -0.006905501242727041, -0.00532915722578764, -0.008089984767138958, 0.016553625464439392, 0.010459082201123238, -0.018207892775535583, 0.031168097630143166, -0.059734001755714417, -0.010204659774899483, 0.05153035372495651, 0.01752934604883194, -0.0072816647589206696, -0.008848226629197598, -0.0024845872540026903, 0.047561824321746826, -0.027714325115084648, -0.0022150787990540266, 0.00935632735490799, -0.06149788200855255, -0.058225907385349274, 0.016124043613672256, 0.053628284484148026, 0.02135188691318035, -0.04795905575156212, -0.07260096818208694, 0.05010848492383957, -0.002262020017951727, 0.015710512176156044, -0.0032002143561840057, 0.004169563762843609, 0.019213730469346046, -0.000244278198806569, 0.047653503715991974, -0.0177594181150198, -0.008596120402216911, 0.06315439194440842, -0.004610853735357523, -0.08442191779613495, 0.018755825236439705, 0.025591962039470673, -0.049972228705883026, -0.010955266654491425, -0.0009938228176906705, 0.02637588232755661, 0.025145793333649635, 0.05127815902233124, 0.04353088513016701, -0.01594681106507778, 0.000023727623556624167, 0.008500533178448677, 0.026547322049736977, -0.02408670447766781, 0.008203941397368908, -0.02954600192606449, 0.020889107137918472, -0.0019915204029530287, 0.042638346552848816, 0.005781770218163729, 0.030321411788463593, -0.017817378044128418, -0.08411359786987305, -0.014167317189276218, 0.018441088497638702, 0.016066692769527435, -0.003598562441766262, -0.0024490789510309696, 0.08685247600078583, 0.009848189540207386, -0.09082567691802979, -0.016457073390483856, -0.050508271902799606, 0.0459279865026474, 0.07114299386739731, 0.027840375900268555, 0.019205264747142792, 0.049508050084114075, -0.02228228934109211, 0.02758696861565113, -0.014549389481544495, -0.0491381399333477, 0.04635045304894447, -0.020161308348178864, -0.025106126442551613, 0.024620503187179565, -0.06728043407201767, -0.003602322656661272, -0.06407956779003143, 0.04457332193851471, 0.02709008939564228, 0.07703059166669846, -0.02544585056602955, 0.0421067550778389, 0.035714659839868546, 0.001977788982912898, 0.018214968964457512, -0.030299151316285133, -0.003110668156296015, -0.0236730445176363, -0.006427426356822252, 0.014845795929431915, -0.07599882781505585, -0.006174774374812841, -0.027636297047138214, 0.0052438341081142426, -0.04982106015086174, 0.05016174539923668, 0.0021389664616435766, -0.05420292168855667, -0.03283170610666275, 0.02416861243546009, 0.0479903407394886, -0.015207952819764614, 0.0124957375228405, -0.043234702199697495, 0.027025070041418076, -0.07818327844142914, 0.004151356406509876, -0.0647728368639946, -0.006542119197547436, -0.005626731086522341, 0.038124144077301025, -0.039883192628622055, -0.019865520298480988, 0.013652202673256397, 0.03445674106478691, 0.014812585897743702, 0.013429233804345131, 0.02939106523990631, -0.05185064300894737, -0.043571021407842636, 0.03608766570687294, -0.01639942266047001, 0.03648783266544342, 0.04484860971570015, 0.055891003459692, -0.04325943440198898, -0.07608351111412048, 0.0024946657940745354, 0.0023113808128982782, 0.016008669510483742, 0.015271772630512714, 0.00856012012809515, -0.025287602096796036, -0.0170724056661129, 0.020819034427404404, 0.00810934603214264, -0.07346556335687637, -0.007673946209251881, 0.07507912814617157, -0.001808730885386467, -0.012751111760735512, 0.0261398795992136, -0.03611551225185394, 0.014252816326916218, 0.06255403906106949, -0.05686696246266365, -0.045276347547769547, -0.003842908889055252, -0.0074712312780320644, -0.012575071305036545, 0.017654474824666977, 0.012287099845707417, 0.002534212777391076, 0.013348755426704884, 0.015490461140871048, 0.05887925997376442, -0.03039168380200863, -0.03092234395444393, -0.08443941920995712, 0.022472696378827095, -0.011341131292283535, -0.029857391491532326, 0.0021965273190289736, -0.008671469986438751, -0.06095973774790764, 0.011610313318669796, 0.005227380432188511, 0.02664944902062416, -0.04949108511209488, -0.0556793138384819, -0.05520259961485863, 0.06607311218976974, 0.03871363773941994, 0.055248431861400604, -0.07173284888267517, -0.006650429684668779, 0.08076032251119614, 0.05053527653217316, 0.020012065768241882, -0.019565686583518982, 0.06306697428226471, -0.0023254703264683485, -0.017760181799530983, 0.0024153573904186487, 0.03077036328613758, 0.04418715834617615, -0.036986954510211945, -0.03311420977115631, 0.037778012454509735, 0.03235441446304321, -0.03987272083759308, -0.08075675368309021, -0.015132434666156769, 0.04401879757642746, -0.12534533441066742, -0.0326690636575222, -0.0343836173415184, -0.04462859034538269, 0.04099612683057785, 0.0030505750328302383, -0.02582133375108242, 0.008686881512403488, -0.008973434567451477, 0.010692935436964035, 0.05260945111513138, 0.10050062835216522, -0.003177223727107048, 0.03357451409101486, -0.028974587097764015, 0.020812302827835083, 0.05603726580739021, -0.022996027022600174, -0.009729338809847832, -0.032047491520643234, 0.013730719685554504, 0.033298637717962265, 0.015197470784187317, 0.041145287454128265, -0.005941855255514383, -0.026591775938868523, 0.002843867987394333, -0.051004938781261444, 0.03159763664007187, -0.01868191361427307, -0.024462366476655006, 0.030000565573573112, -0.03517087548971176, -0.026179272681474686, -0.020167773589491844, 0.021862657740712166, 0.005321527365595102, -0.002480721101164818, -0.05779490992426872, 0.03567904606461525, 0.06978675723075867, -0.014257547445595264, 0.08082887530326843, -0.046750541776418686, 0.00834882166236639, 0.008940556086599827, 0.05524028465151787, 0.04932178929448128, 0.04403884708881378, 0.010006836615502834, 0.013625499792397022, -0.029480839148163795, -0.007184658199548721, -0.057345323264598846, 0.00001750682531564962, -0.006101525854319334, 0.02710302174091339, -0.02317701280117035, 0.027330193668603897, 0.037185028195381165, 0.0036723040975630283, 0.016558321192860603, 0.008588136173784733, -0.014547527767717838, 0.0028353140223771334, 0.005603538826107979, -0.007381991948932409, -0.03055550903081894, -0.015216515399515629, 0.0002839232620317489, -0.01028356608003378, 0.02989822067320347, 0.06628116220235825, 0.031813476234674454, -0.030410541221499443, -0.02955692633986473, 0.0255975853651762, 0.02945583686232567, -0.030749797821044922, -0.035962559282779694, 0.011442936956882477, -0.008586075156927109, 0.014712326228618622, -0.05849682539701462, 0.04105828329920769, 0.03950491547584534, -0.0023685793858021498, 0.05650809034705162, -0.009210123680531979, -0.0032894958276301622, 0.023078111931681633, 0.04053202643990517, -0.047992296516895294, 0.004264808259904385, -0.045021336525678635, 0.07125848531723022, -0.008582811802625656, 0.014217055402696133, -0.045128561556339264, 0.038931116461753845, 0.0006553136627189815, 0.012342694215476513, 0.012146685272455215, 0.02346642129123211, -0.011364786885678768, -0.0025237565860152245, 0.056172024458646774, -0.04051665589213371, -0.016061073169112206, 0.04011010378599167, 0.01728336326777935, 0.07867802679538727, -0.009907198138535023, 0.013666822575032711, -0.037276625633239746, -0.045260388404130936, -0.007444976828992367, 0.024988697841763496, -0.017217325046658516, -0.026439514011144638, 0.023008909076452255, -0.002664546249434352, -0.006677830126136541, 0.06075546145439148, -0.0037951271515339613, 0.07529039680957794, -0.08278007805347443, 0.023764830082654953, -0.07979129254817963, 0.09057150781154633, -0.011590882204473019, -0.0315820537507534, -0.08294801414012909, 0.00396535312756896, -0.08216487616300583, -0.0017214581603184342, -0.02895388938486576, 0.02857646904885769, 0.03167170286178589, 0.025599556043744087, 0.0059638782404363155, 0.011454906314611435, -0.009035151451826096, -0.055602703243494034, 0.00269114482216537, -0.018755262717604637, -0.03169777989387512, -0.052808139473199844, 0.0314902700483799, 0.008416485972702503, 0.013477563858032227, 0.053715724498033524, -0.03508756309747696, 0.014779050834476948, -0.03265853226184845, 0.03500831127166748, 0.02129250392317772, -0.0342913493514061, -0.006509843282401562, 0.009885379113256931, -0.09488175064325333, -0.06134841963648796, -0.0007183983107097447, -0.06886372715234756, 0.012880034744739532, 0.01156324427574873, 0.05431695282459259, 0.032204508781433105, 0.0048087239265441895, -0.049624986946582794, -0.08588369935750961, -0.03151800483465195, -0.02013094164431095, -0.023498183116316795, 0.005500828381627798, 0.027033165097236633, -0.045252636075019836, -0.0011955241207033396, 0.01244032196700573, 0.04310429468750954, 0.059433985501527786, -0.030632037669420242, 0.011875281110405922, 0.002906371373683214, 0.03644686937332153, -0.004559879191219807, -0.003544762497767806, -0.011146175675094128, 0.02640330046415329, -0.021020738407969475, 0.055288467556238174, 0.017641613259911537, 0.06496097892522812, -0.005925663281232119, 0.04734388366341591, 0.030038008466362953, 0.06577445566654205, 0.027413660660386086, 0.02080725133419037, 0.00910593569278717, -0.029167262837290764, 0.0019630033057183027, 0.023071428760886192, 0.03891931474208832, 0.07383870333433151, -0.002496295142918825, -0.02347351424396038, 0.02023693546652794, -0.08962847292423248, 0.016561727970838547, -0.011238986626267433, -0.0032429450657218695, -0.030509402975440025, 0.03623822331428528, 0.1075339987874031, 0.007243287283927202, -0.0079136798158288, 0.001976374303922057, 0.0003499379672575742, 0.044964250177145004, -0.032437071204185486, 0.04265518859028816, 0.03253120929002762, 0.028130516409873962, -0.037075791507959366, -0.03952988609671593, -0.0031696727965027094, 0.05786307156085968, -0.02522558905184269, -0.05285422131419182, -0.08158707618713379, -0.04171912744641304, -0.02406407706439495, -0.0588088221848011, 0.0487075001001358, 0.013812907040119171, 0.01876290887594223, 0.05688134953379631, 0.026380809023976326, 0.008791204541921616, 0.0167556069791317, -0.016966519877314568, 0.02855060063302517, -0.03944937512278557, -0.04478822275996208, -0.03244536370038986, -0.02009224146604538, -0.015131709165871143, 0.03206075727939606, -0.02705177292227745, 0.0172823928296566, 0.03016318939626217, 0.015758760273456573, 0.014664584770798683, 0.016260547563433647, -0.016238277778029442, -0.009613203816115856, 0.021023914217948914, -0.03601323068141937, -0.012856080196797848, -0.022429415956139565, -0.042874790728092194, 0.01216502208262682, 0.010078591294586658, -0.05474371463060379, -0.008618314750492573, -0.023101655766367912, -0.005711992736905813, 0.013461406342685223, 0.040691982954740524, 0.019920287653803825, -0.014759756624698639, -0.054221298545598984, -0.0012064510956406593, -0.0014499009121209383, 0.08376829326152802, -0.01173827238380909, 0.045957304537296295, -0.019422657787799835, -0.0035280666779726744, -0.0038175228983163834, -0.06987817585468292, 0.01656786911189556, -0.017419828101992607, -0.017953652888536453, 0.0013647048035636544, 0.031116552650928497, -0.01043660193681717, -0.03903372958302498, -0.023962613195180893, -0.012605931609869003, 0.05797847732901573, -0.0018292336026206613, 0.03614747151732445, 0.024076340720057487, -0.03237886354327202, 0.02414199337363243, -0.002373520052060485, 0.05530702695250511, 0.035633981227874756, -0.06557141989469528, -0.011732671409845352, -0.05581362172961235, 0.0020984236616641283, 0.0006405344465747476, 0.004975212272256613, 0.025713954120874405, -0.0540834441781044, 0.02433270402252674, 0.015169719234108925, -0.0250440314412117, -0.020441532135009766, -0.006328346207737923, 0.04232214391231537, -0.026359379291534424, -0.03349337726831436, 0.006679538171738386, 0.027772890403866768, -0.0006747717270627618, -0.019012492150068283, -0.04982663318514824, -0.04700334370136261, -0.040467169135808945, 0.011314881965517998, -0.027027593925595284, -0.07887247949838638, -0.056792501360177994, -0.0040956842713057995, -0.007190970238298178, -0.0036791979800909758, -0.004640037659555674, 0.02166084386408329, 0.05122033879160881, -0.014578573405742645, 0.014894585125148296, -0.02736818604171276, -0.016571924090385437, -0.01665240153670311, -0.03091960772871971, 0.02735983021557331, 0.0433899350464344, -0.059691980481147766, -0.02003718540072441, -0.006193102803081274, 0.0638929158449173, 0.05399024114012718, 0.03261113166809082, 0.009388279169797897, -0.0058983126655220985, 0.05109214782714844, -0.03778846561908722, 0.010411872528493404, -0.014631586149334908, -0.05217791348695755, -0.019129881635308266, 0.009275817312300205, -0.021893847733736038, -0.03368022292852402, -0.024042557924985886, -0.01281507033854723, 0.002747276099398732, 0.03887462243437767, 0.013817423023283482, 0.03694956377148628, 0.013075859285891056, -0.02055365778505802, -0.03335629776120186, -0.0014657704159617424, -0.06201649457216263, -0.04674643650650978, 0.009578695520758629, 0.029516933485865593, 0.023780878633260727, 0.06356101483106613, -0.011836089193820953, -0.024150457233190536, 0.045233167707920074, 0.021840060129761696, 0.0298553928732872, 0.022410517558455467, 0.03391510248184204, 0.006576521322131157, -0.010790032334625721, -0.024684656411409378, 0.04483867064118385, -0.01485859602689743, -0.011401550844311714, -0.006303874775767326, -0.01693679951131344, -0.04595800116658211, -0.0438731424510479, 0.02130943536758423, 0.0072753760032355785, -0.03191298618912697, -0.020575733855366707, 0.01726110838353634, 0.002049629809334874, -0.02392319031059742, -0.02569674700498581, -0.02434590645134449, -0.025623280555009842, 0.024826480075716972, -0.015112566761672497, 0.013514580205082893, -0.03762632608413696, 0.005942830350250006, -0.018493518233299255, 0.027330635115504265, 0.008172457106411457, 0.04503002390265465, 0.01815185137093067, -0.03190182149410248, -0.05968658626079559, -0.027850719168782234, 0.024360407143831253, -0.04118878021836281, 0.009919257834553719, 0.02480601705610752, 0.021701525896787643, 0.037130679935216904, 0.01511329784989357, 0.036792218685150146, 0.010547847487032413, -0.014749903231859207, -0.0096653513610363, -0.039364878088235855, 0.005408330820500851, 0.008403534069657326, 0.07489354908466339, -0.015526266768574715, 0.014419229701161385, -0.06240307167172432, 0.08184568583965302, 0.03842364251613617 ]
<p>The media are reporting the commercially sold 128-bit quantum computer from D-Wave</p> <blockquote> <p><a href="http://news.google.com/news?ned=us&amp;hl=us&amp;q=d-wave+quantum&amp;cf=all&amp;scoring=n">http://news.google.com/news?ned=us&amp;hl=us&amp;q=d-wave+quantum&amp;cf=all&amp;scoring=n</a></p> </blockquote> <p>which of course sounds amazing. The gadget is described as something capable of doing quantum annealing</p> <blockquote> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_annealing">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_annealing</a></p> </blockquote> <p>which looks less convincing. I want to ask you what classes of problems the D-Wave computer can actually solve or perform. It can't run Shor's algorithm on 128 qubits, can it?</p>
g528
[ -0.0435236431658268, 0.12949877977371216, 0.00841048639267683, 0.004408958368003368, 0.026590393856167793, -0.009937658905982971, 0.01469673216342926, 0.02727588824927807, 0.04083765670657158, 0.021796422079205513, -0.0219161044806242, 0.0229449775069952, 0.00019022673950530589, 0.014177806675434113, -0.006777746602892876, -0.013275775127112865, 0.02534288540482521, -0.00036350591108202934, 0.011860904283821583, 0.020448923110961914, 0.05532604083418846, 0.025234704837203026, -0.029860347509384155, 0.029759882017970085, -0.04929966852068901, -0.007168406154960394, -0.04319501295685768, -0.029171807691454887, -0.0319276787340641, 0.024550139904022217, 0.006493963301181793, -0.025904597714543343, 0.025956636294722557, -0.008412332274019718, -0.011408399790525436, -0.0007472487632185221, -0.022971495985984802, -0.023553527891635895, -0.048588164150714874, -0.0118949506431818, -0.03369293734431267, -0.07372774928808212, -0.028986157849431038, -0.023169921711087227, -0.016193989664316177, 0.028303412720561028, 0.023573018610477448, 0.06748795509338379, -0.0003786589077208191, -0.02870710752904415, 0.017172301188111305, 0.0023276209831237793, 0.1262863725423813, 0.015327942557632923, 0.019656477496027946, 0.04681476205587387, -0.07441814988851547, 0.05860845372080803, 0.06322462856769562, -0.016899332404136658, -0.028337907046079636, -0.009908470325171947, 0.05913068726658821, 0.010901154950261116, 0.0266642514616251, -0.005518230609595776, -0.016179583966732025, -0.04954197257757187, 0.027398649603128433, 0.06682292371988297, 0.03316156193614006, -0.045194365084171295, -0.017015090212225914, -0.033787913620471954, 0.0449800081551075, -0.01905355229973793, 0.0027917479164898396, 0.0037262390833348036, -0.025014599785208702, 0.014055072329938412, -0.026254642754793167, -0.059867922216653824, -0.03310605511069298, -0.034485261887311935, -0.038142912089824677, 0.03089779242873192, -0.06262856721878052, 0.03181416541337967, 0.03701679781079292, 0.054445747286081314, -0.021379979327321053, -0.011861921288073063, 0.03721728175878525, 0.055685728788375854, 0.015889842063188553, 0.03687537461519241, -0.04758286476135254, -0.009207143448293209, 0.02165740169584751, -0.006002255715429783, -0.009468131698668003, 0.012798232957720757, 0.027588827535510063, 0.00006833238148828968, -0.006395932286977768, -0.010678527876734734, 0.02157018333673477, -0.01489864569157362, -0.0019430326065048575, 0.06029363349080086, -0.013946189545094967, -0.037354350090026855, -0.002605927176773548, -0.0029385765083134174, -0.0031476046424359083, 0.06470891833305359, 0.014470057561993599, -0.01981997862458229, -0.05987953767180443, 0.017711717635393143, 0.06158461794257164, -0.011752745136618614, 0.02372710406780243, -0.03144596517086029, 0.019034678116440773, -0.007810716982930899, -0.033529676496982574, -0.00016159354709088802, 0.0197009090334177, 0.04484095796942711, 0.01525177899748087, 0.027267327532172203, -0.001791828777641058, 0.03814123198390007, -0.02848779410123825, 0.0746673047542572, 0.014933638274669647, -0.03274301439523697, 0.03528763726353645, -0.052289869636297226, 0.03896959125995636, -0.0017927999142557383, -0.052094411104917526, 0.0480421744287014, 0.0056142560206353664, -0.01274605467915535, -0.010875397361814976, 0.037316661328077316, -0.012454553507268429, 0.03919701278209686, -0.004689193330705166, 0.042527295649051666, 0.0023791715502738953, -0.044786132872104645, 0.08255954831838608, 0.018184388056397438, 0.06085553765296936, -0.028051069006323814, -0.004569718148559332, 0.0647253468632698, 0.04684346169233322, -0.0065246568992733955, 0.03847038373351097, 0.04285215213894844, -0.04397262632846832, -0.01212229672819376, 0.05916935205459595, 0.012321645393967628, 0.021253889426589012, 0.004254457075148821, -0.018238823860883713, 0.0197980348020792, -0.05267228186130524, 0.00761771947145462, -0.028219642117619514, 0.06457091122865677, -0.02447269670665264, 0.02549021877348423, 0.03154020011425018, 0.000059259622503304854, 0.02154708281159401, 0.007741693872958422, -0.00940624438226223, -0.008559547364711761, 0.0075551653280854225, -0.03113246150314808, -0.007843433879315853, -0.02436179667711258, 0.07437566667795181, -0.0016431153053417802, -0.017448950558900833, -0.0038054208271205425, 0.040602993220090866, 0.013895027339458466, 0.013051871210336685, -0.019881997257471085, 0.014894809573888779, -0.03462500125169754, 0.024194084107875824, -0.012805323116481304, -0.021334871649742126, 0.03539083153009415, -0.0013105424586683512, -0.021700508892536163, 0.02939188852906227, -0.04407479986548424, 0.004538333509117365, -0.03517676889896393, 0.04689302295446396, 0.016225386410951614, 0.08323212713003159, -0.03652419149875641, 0.006427801679819822, 0.021554019302129745, 0.022623207420110703, -0.043082136660814285, -0.0032538482919335365, -0.04685105010867119, 0.019947925582528114, 0.040204331278800964, -0.0022662931587547064, -0.030440310016274452, 0.012886918149888515, 0.030428310856223106, 0.004809533711522818, 0.06085050851106644, -0.02191680669784546, -0.03997409716248512, -0.059455983340740204, 0.06407463550567627, -0.02463793009519577, -0.010710655711591244, -0.01130836270749569, 0.0031476893927901983, 0.08141717314720154, 0.0983273908495903, 0.009924445301294327, -0.01569974794983864, 0.06065079942345619, 0.06147627532482147, 0.04009398818016052, 0.0877140611410141, -0.05744100362062454, -0.05048812925815582, 0.015167737379670143, -0.03142501041293144, -0.02449915185570717, 0.01230216771364212, -0.04424083232879639, -0.006442979443818331, 0.023970214650034904, -0.08564966917037964, -0.009116768836975098, -0.007992073893547058, 0.05193961784243584, -0.039447128772735596, 0.01869424618780613, -0.007256329990923405, 0.06084807217121124, 0.03396480903029442, -0.019509930163621902, -0.001419398351572454, 0.02213258296251297, -0.0131084518507123, 0.026899684220552444, 0.00965442880988121, 0.0010846804361790419, 0.0051804701797664165, -0.029385218396782875, 0.03260306268930435, -0.017014848068356514, -0.010423856787383556, -0.00293619348667562, 0.012758039869368076, 0.01702699065208435, -0.023732269182801247, 0.0008193934336304665, 0.0026704941410571337, -0.0020601896103471518, 0.028606200590729713, -0.028780486434698105, -0.005905841011554003, -0.021753812208771706, 0.015160047449171543, 0.06266621500253677, -0.006722100544720888, -0.017153339460492134, 0.07590856403112411, -0.017310194671154022, 0.04658433049917221, -0.06638260930776596, -0.037264976650476456, 0.019932135939598083, 0.015504836104810238, -0.028607796877622604, 0.07408582419157028, -0.06088453531265259, 0.005199912004172802, 0.007580196484923363, 0.036582596600055695, -0.04570953547954559, -0.02214452065527439, -0.006602834444493055, 0.05154920741915703, -0.005688806995749474, 0.021674850955605507, -0.026887819170951843, 0.06259462982416153, -0.021790312603116035, -0.034267574548721313, 0.003353880252689123, 0.0014620989095419645, -0.023573093116283417, -0.01422971487045288, 0.02886522375047207, -0.00451076403260231, 0.01049155741930008, -0.0031793771777302027, -0.030982179567217827, -0.015790175646543503, 0.015131247229874134, -0.003776427824050188, 0.027578698471188545, -0.029582878574728966, 0.07378407567739487, 0.0724698007106781, -0.027380073443055153, 0.05799489840865135, 0.0004916521720588207, -0.047563597559928894, 0.04313286021351814, 0.03826410695910454, -0.06601586937904358, -0.005005792714655399, -0.03993193432688713, -0.0371292345225811, -0.03435472398996353, 0.05746413394808769, 0.05204737186431885, -0.03358117863535881, -0.04917266592383385, -0.01898730732500553, 0.03549011051654816, 0.04894978553056717, 0.020995158702135086, 0.03104642778635025, -0.014751369133591652, -0.038850266486406326, -0.00892647635191679, 0.016472578048706055, 0.005308795720338821, 0.001441002357751131, -0.013511652126908302, 0.050105780363082886, -0.010148189030587673, 0.04219519719481468, 0.006111288908869028, 0.012666825205087662, 0.045084234327077866, -0.05274039879441261, -0.016961101442575455, 0.024825438857078552, 0.0678851380944252, -0.04608733952045441, -0.06080494448542595, -0.02399408258497715, 0.008843190968036652, 0.012599815614521503, -0.004717836156487465, -0.051226794719696045, 0.0030452958308160305, -0.07002973556518555, 0.0557643324136734, 0.0034248854499310255, 0.014310554601252079, -0.030204148963093758, -0.036137498915195465, -0.04921086132526398, -0.009234496392309666, 0.01638280414044857, -0.01756666600704193, -0.00410414207726717, 0.027642734348773956, -0.028004981577396393, -0.006331468001008034, -0.028520215302705765, -0.030604243278503418, -0.051204558461904526, -0.031367119401693344, -0.04077090695500374, 0.018037162721157074, -0.0004272751684766263, -0.03071863390505314, 0.02491556853055954, -0.021306827664375305, 0.005918498616665602, -0.00965472124516964, -0.05964801087975502, -0.07085371017456055, 0.009588905610144138, 0.0024869830813258886, -0.05571237578988075, 0.020802192389965057, 0.029492676258087158, -0.0678638368844986, 0.013215707615017891, -0.059430770576000214, 0.012743687257170677, -0.005339194089174271, 0.022293515503406525, -0.03930337727069855, 0.007994969375431538, -0.003434540471062064, -0.03378911688923836, -0.0010103002423420548, 0.024266237393021584, 0.014979577623307705, 0.0072257244028151035, -0.0012228835839778185, -0.017581431195139885, -0.014635018073022366, 0.054288674145936966, 0.02467920444905758, 0.03122716397047043, -0.022662347182631493, 0.030345594510436058, 0.04089459404349327, -0.023973222821950912, 0.029179519042372704, -0.012553892098367214, 0.037609729915857315, -0.024820871651172638, -0.07251643389463425, 0.050768982619047165, -0.00022082310169935226, 0.013976183719933033, -0.0077235815115273, 0.013553299009799957, 0.07527782022953033, 0.04812685027718544, 0.04860350489616394, -0.04402241110801697, 0.003811874659731984, 0.01962837018072605, 0.036287881433963776, 0.04874628782272339, -0.04326066002249718, -0.008754100650548935, -0.045754462480545044, 0.053848449140787125, 0.018307708203792572, -0.0461982786655426, -0.01871855929493904, 0.02781939134001732, 0.012453499250113964, -0.027284255251288414, -0.03678644075989723, 0.060782819986343384, -0.03164844587445259, 0.07369193434715271, -0.05046959966421127, -0.05228343605995178, -0.034989841282367706, 0.07995095103979111, -0.03980081155896187, 0.02295362763106823, -0.015191330574452877, -0.01947873830795288, -0.06562799215316772, -0.026136154308915138, 0.024735089391469955, -0.04779990017414093, 0.03800041601061821, 0.038856133818626404, -0.011483403854072094, -0.07441529631614685, -0.030179666355252266, 0.018513798713684082, -0.019716106355190277, 0.030781446024775505, -0.0118685532361269, 0.009873833507299423, -0.03620960935950279, 0.050672825425863266, -0.04985088109970093, -0.010978775098919868, -0.04553064703941345, 0.0361720472574234, -0.09055036306381226, -0.016568485647439957, -0.008017522282898426, 0.01287035085260868, -0.012102518230676651, -0.06705481559038162, 0.028983531519770622, -0.021082498133182526, -0.0006864222232252359, 0.034207139164209366, 0.022969970479607582, 0.02610294334590435, -0.02911498211324215, -0.05533946678042412, 0.012397746555507183, -0.061495404690504074, -0.006500803399831057, 0.048261865973472595, 0.03647755831480026, 0.006239393725991249, -0.014536049216985703, -0.006775692570954561, -0.0477314330637455, 0.036851104348897934, -0.021869590505957603, 0.004659287631511688, 0.010955196805298328, -0.016248002648353577, 0.002649198053404689, -0.032269109040498734, 0.021626802161335945, -0.006409491412341595, 0.009372329339385033, 0.04072814807295799, 0.016881955787539482, 0.02084617130458355, -0.02650603838264942, 0.0022645583376288414, -0.004488559439778328, -0.08767631649971008, 0.02625081315636635, 0.03599688783288002, 0.0915401503443718, 0.021725349128246307, -0.08570689707994461, 0.04507211968302727, -0.012208725325763226, -0.028778402134776115, -0.030457349494099617, 0.002374052768573165, -0.026596955955028534, 0.07963056117296219, 0.04018208757042885, -0.0013924773083999753, 0.014270778745412827, 0.08841418474912643, -0.046938639134168625, -0.10249563306570053, -0.03423422574996948, -0.014391520991921425, -0.028851525858044624, -0.03948099538683891, -0.07289291173219681, -0.04219762608408928, 0.03176094964146614, -0.005641703959554434, 0.018170315772294998, 0.021715492010116577, -0.027990544214844704, -0.006914837751537561, 0.008257574401795864, -0.004357246216386557, 0.04031390696763992, 0.017817961052060127, 0.03837503492832184, -0.03081454522907734, 0.0046751294285058975, -0.03840453177690506, -0.03675876930356026, -0.02903079427778721, 0.02816956490278244, -0.010867288336157799, -0.056219253689050674, 0.008845782838761806, -0.04630203917622566, -0.0021402346901595592, 0.026614505797624588, -0.05024414882063866, 0.043782152235507965, -0.03115440160036087, -0.0420672781765461, -0.039398085325956345, -0.032246191054582596, -0.0013000895269215107, 0.012913528829813004, 0.0059532723389565945, 0.025186290964484215, 0.02309860847890377, -0.03278842568397522, 0.06776364892721176, -0.008490832522511482, -0.008855185471475124, -0.10931304097175598, 0.012358526699244976, -0.004402500577270985, -0.046937037259340286, 0.008759604766964912, -0.015325179323554039, 0.007172986399382353, 0.012100491672754288, -0.03293801099061966, -0.011829426512122154, 0.03505700081586838, -0.033776748925447464, 0.03627373278141022, 0.01550802867859602, -0.04081496223807335, 0.04358901455998421, -0.06990252435207367, 0.03645654022693634, -0.018281258642673492, 0.02880057319998741, -0.03735116124153137, 0.04202350229024887, 0.031511951237916946, -0.01460829097777605, -0.02112998254597187, -0.07019983232021332, 0.019808722659945488, -0.010182383470237255, -0.008731470443308353, 0.014971827156841755, 0.06694067269563675, 0.04145059734582901, 0.002371278591454029, 0.0300837941467762, -0.01969795860350132, 0.03900303691625595, -0.009045928716659546, -0.009715757332742214, 0.12216318398714066, 0.00117172219324857, 0.014954074285924435, -0.00428105378523469, 0.061096202582120895, -0.020825760439038277, 0.03694803640246391, 0.037403691560029984, -0.09979671239852905, 0.005864021833986044, -0.008191319182515144, 0.031100839376449585, 0.03903886303305626, 0.007961969822645187, -0.03087046928703785, -0.019121121615171432, -0.02802400477230549, -0.0032381326891481876, 0.059030190110206604, 0.022903650999069214, -0.04675212875008583, -0.00012948527000844479, 0.015595853328704834, 0.03979131206870079, -0.07511559128761292, -0.030851198360323906, -0.02649158611893654, 0.028935275971889496, 0.035064902156591415, -0.02199927344918251, -0.01135554350912571, -0.07365470379590988, 0.022362368181347847, -0.07265982776880264, -0.00461065536364913, -0.010392110794782639, 0.002618619706481695, 0.01633881777524948, -0.02916472591459751, 0.02503778226673603, -0.0066938214004039764, -0.035648163408041, -0.050138261169195175, -0.05396733433008194, -0.0466289184987545, -0.03961601480841637, 0.0672185868024826, -0.031261831521987915, -0.021115029230713844, 0.008494958281517029, -0.017577756196260452, -0.03252461180090904, -0.0023798905313014984, 0.0479833148419857, -0.028809910640120506, -0.04661243408918381, 0.019097572192549706, 0.0013217410305514932, -0.05156346783041954, 0.0003215361211914569, 0.013319309800863266, -0.031548306345939636, 0.04809659719467163, 0.0005997751140967011, 0.017260242253541946, -0.028740109875798225, 0.015331307426095009, 0.03401695191860199, -0.038515035063028336, 0.008718552067875862, 0.03995857760310173, 0.004198471549898386, -0.043532878160476685, 0.037136636674404144, -0.013911581598222256, 0.026502739638090134, 0.027967581525444984, 0.017853014171123505, -0.03739640861749649, 0.01890997402369976, -0.004224687349051237, -0.017371848225593567, 0.06335526704788208, -0.050714269280433655, -0.041207119822502136, -0.03233201056718826, 0.020714331418275833, -0.00145475915633142, -0.009181383065879345, -0.009599579498171806, 0.0009264479158446193, -0.0032483076211065054, 0.04477251321077347, 0.01151310931891203, -0.03770051151514053, 0.007297424133867025, 0.012158745899796486, -0.07777921110391617, 0.03573179244995117, 0.023279786109924316, -0.0058954027481377125, -0.014760704711079597, 0.01474206242710352, -0.01256305631250143, 0.006545227020978928, -0.04888623580336571, -0.0557703971862793, 0.015566516667604446, -0.048043787479400635, 0.052523352205753326, -0.051492705941200256, 0.07289189100265503, 0.03480888903141022, 0.031472381204366684, 0.006483239587396383, -0.05925757437944412, 0.017463937401771545, -0.04911132901906967, -0.02865917608141899, -0.03981713950634003, 0.01046760007739067, -0.026724426075816154, 0.023935044184327126, -0.02560996636748314, -0.07037397474050522, -0.05587628111243248, -0.027866708114743233, 0.007052863948047161, -0.025482134893536568, 0.017732102423906326, 0.060246873646974564, -0.005607752129435539, 0.04260611534118652, -0.03452903777360916, 0.01648288033902645, 0.010121665894985199, 0.001164229353889823, 0.008512544445693493, -0.014634035527706146, -0.022061342373490334 ]
<p>String theory - for example - requires extra spatial dimension. Say for example in 10 dimensional string theory, what theoretically prevents clustering of the extra 6 dimensions in 2 timeless 3 dimensional (infinite) spaces? </p>
g4609
[ 0.038905151188373566, 0.036149267107248306, 0.027315491810441017, -0.02708575315773487, -0.04231199249625206, 0.04116887226700783, 0.029955841600894928, 0.0148843415081501, -0.0004124149272684008, -0.026639031246304512, 0.01903158612549305, -0.01146702840924263, 0.042667221277952194, 0.021835029125213623, -0.02770141139626503, 0.008596338331699371, 0.0069478414952754974, 0.016164857894182205, 0.004809245932847261, -0.007326523307710886, -0.045899566262960434, -0.008680613711476326, 0.00714270630851388, -0.052076663821935654, -0.04704466834664345, -0.0037275636568665504, 0.06810104101896286, -0.02179185301065445, 0.013425900600850582, 0.0011679845629259944, 0.09444231539964676, -0.01474936492741108, 0.0025103408843278885, -0.027323683723807335, -0.011772958561778069, 0.0009722289978526533, 0.015548083931207657, -0.004983984865248203, -0.005865008104592562, 0.013061562553048134, -0.025626199319958687, -0.03678787127137184, -0.01956975646317005, 0.005954090040177107, -0.03875788673758507, -0.004670307971537113, 0.029707234352827072, -0.0009030003566294909, 0.067152239382267, -0.017396127805113792, -0.006777304224669933, 0.006449148990213871, -0.0031324089504778385, -0.005276604555547237, 0.01499388087540865, 0.018148092553019524, -0.016192294657230377, -0.010178885422647, 0.07880020886659622, 0.020542055368423462, 0.005542899947613478, 0.04752494394779205, -0.04045766592025757, 0.05911659821867943, 0.034320931881666183, -0.0008743604412302375, -0.05883167311549187, -0.006208360195159912, 0.016861828044056892, -0.03287574648857117, 0.03894401714205742, -0.008569031022489071, -0.000329600996337831, 0.007020273711532354, -0.015391608700156212, 0.0397656187415123, -0.0030067076440900564, 0.037515126168727875, -0.000445883022621274, 0.04853031411767006, -0.027468184009194374, 0.01652723178267479, -0.03719513863325119, -0.05567723885178566, 0.06740777939558029, -0.0014677414437755942, 0.004654675722122192, -0.025572150945663452, 0.011530876159667969, 0.035205937922000885, 0.04257393628358841, 0.0031134923920035362, 0.03999466076493263, 0.05983441323041916, 0.00326453591696918, 0.04598835110664368, 0.054557282477617264, 0.05809405818581581, -0.019562317058444023, -0.048010360449552536, 0.03058491088449955, 0.05533904209733009, 0.06414477527141571, -0.009529194794595242, 0.008183334022760391, -0.07173150777816772, 0.030038537457585335, 0.015790339559316635, 0.06325333565473557, 0.018354935571551323, -0.05852801352739334, 0.0625903308391571, -0.09058454632759094, -0.0011792612494900823, -0.00035709785879589617, -0.0017707892693579197, 0.10848864167928696, -0.022249694913625717, 0.004034692887216806, 0.031045308336615562, 0.034581124782562256, -0.03714091703295708, 0.03219224140048027, -0.010331621393561363, -0.08625970035791397, -0.0020467506255954504, 0.006846030242741108, 0.014940070919692516, 0.023963630199432373, -0.029988575726747513, -0.016080569475889206, 0.03307490795850754, -0.008381537161767483, 0.052741263061761856, 0.024647628888487816, -0.0033576295245438814, -0.04499165341258049, -0.01723445951938629, 0.0004449909320101142, 0.019020630046725273, -0.05583497881889343, -0.007709023077040911, -0.002428664593026042, 0.01337316632270813, -0.02372537925839424, -0.03656110540032387, 0.005529162939637899, 0.015033042058348656, -0.037351854145526886, 0.01992236077785492, -0.026896612718701363, 0.02337968721985817, 0.02849622070789337, -0.019119812175631523, 0.03149515017867088, 0.04084666818380356, 0.06383631378412247, -0.001204854459501803, 0.044895537197589874, 0.007024907507002354, 0.024773383513092995, 0.03345357999205589, 0.026120902970433235, 0.023737290874123573, -0.054842542856931686, -0.050469689071178436, 0.04723772779107094, -0.02535056881606579, -0.039711274206638336, 0.03188549354672432, -0.051783956587314606, 0.03837328031659126, 0.032899774610996246, 0.068083755671978, -0.02226131036877632, 0.04932770878076553, -0.05920208618044853, 0.021767571568489075, 0.01112549751996994, -0.0007403144263662398, -0.012669311836361885, -0.01936410181224346, -0.005428897216916084, 0.03419319540262222, 0.04117611050605774, 0.022317225113511086, -0.022834807634353638, 0.03626376390457153, -0.01865861751139164, 0.012239609844982624, -0.03066876158118248, 0.0023956620134413242, 0.024944517761468887, 0.0366295762360096, -0.00003304592610220425, -0.04528122395277023, 0.03310609236359596, -0.01566876471042633, -0.036728210747241974, -0.009682857431471348, -0.003384968964383006, 0.03588009998202324, 0.03888404369354248, 0.025485845282673836, 0.050540320575237274, -0.0510205514729023, -0.045433517545461655, -0.000245516566792503, 0.015048778615891933, -0.007328423671424389, 0.037944868206977844, -0.00021814275532960892, 0.009271951392292976, 0.009792020544409752, -0.0037566376850008965, -0.009073186665773392, -0.002947181463241577, 0.021682510152459145, 0.038188740611076355, 0.05119577795267105, -0.018411939963698387, 0.006459448020905256, 0.009656126610934734, 0.02719276025891304, -0.01215366367250681, -0.023582549765706062, 0.01765776239335537, -0.006280298810452223, -0.0017760059563443065, 0.013311442919075489, -0.07319243997335434, -0.08205684274435043, 0.02666679583489895, -0.051646891981363297, -0.008485158905386925, 0.052131861448287964, -0.0260852612555027, 0.004665089771151543, 0.007499447092413902, 0.03144752234220505, 0.09109485894441605, 0.0075756339356303215, -0.021363958716392517, -0.060326866805553436, 0.035291336476802826, -0.024400025606155396, 0.04646722599864006, -0.03193315863609314, -0.0659601092338562, -0.012761586345732212, -0.06529248505830765, 0.05183521658182144, -0.005130330100655556, -0.020559191703796387, 0.052787840366363525, 0.03951296955347061, 0.04204094409942627, 0.05736588314175606, -0.0686008408665657, -0.0629621148109436, 0.031364019960165024, -0.005179042927920818, 0.03653814271092415, -0.015946531668305397, -0.0009072130196727812, -0.036441102623939514, 0.01288886833935976, -0.007403813302516937, -0.032918237149715424, 0.008808987215161324, -0.01329618040472269, 0.03897293284535408, -0.02377959154546261, 0.003613631706684828, 0.02980920672416687, 0.07533159106969833, -0.025044236332178116, -0.018358709290623665, 0.017475198954343796, 0.03149250149726868, -0.011600334197282791, 0.05651630833745003, -0.06029578670859337, 0.028559822589159012, 0.039135780185461044, 0.043916381895542145, 0.04995664954185486, 0.010513348504900932, 0.025485863909125328, -0.06632455438375473, 0.006622790824621916, 0.010312098078429699, 0.04419124126434326, 0.029591143131256104, 0.05121103301644325, 0.03465541824698448, -0.03912412375211716, -0.02998739667236805, -0.021183932200074196, 0.019216161221265793, -0.03297606110572815, 0.04689018055796623, 0.01852680929005146, -0.0162795539945364, -0.040332190692424774, -0.008430602960288525, -0.05580528825521469, -0.0357687808573246, -0.03282373771071434, -0.07636698335409164, 0.033281393349170685, 0.04728580266237259, 0.001263393904082477, 0.02650805562734604, 0.005535057745873928, 0.00908590853214264, 0.03802046924829483, 0.038687024265527725, 0.005486505106091499, -0.039079196751117706, -0.005292066372931004, -0.010741641744971275, 0.03823154792189598, -0.055365607142448425, -0.00075419747736305, 0.02104017697274685, -0.03592885658144951, -0.039322227239608765, -0.09724173694849014, 0.05972971022129059, 0.002991051645949483, -0.03199159726500511, -0.03765220567584038, -0.007123378571122885, -0.08462300151586533, -0.039578601717948914, -0.060138676315546036, -0.01919717714190483, 0.07387693971395493, 0.011093617416918278, -0.02586100809276104, -0.018869735300540924, -0.015281684696674347, -0.06278448551893234, -0.0029582143761217594, 0.05857383459806442, 0.02294774353504181, 0.0008748264517635107, 0.057781148701906204, 0.008825653232634068, -0.007028421387076378, 0.01847534440457821, 0.011433249339461327, -0.0058035897091031075, 0.007698257453739643, 0.10273855924606323, 0.015096569433808327, 0.006545502692461014, -0.003787463065236807, -0.08127034455537796, -0.016370749101042747, -0.04999841749668121, -0.0477500781416893, -0.048047084361314774, 0.009211832657456398, 0.05027596652507782, 0.049056656658649445, -0.02291204035282135, 0.022662876173853874, 0.02695409208536148, 0.035411689430475235, 0.014764733612537384, -0.055005595088005066, -0.02502109855413437, 0.07463759183883667, 0.025988886132836342, 0.03365239500999451, -0.003813262563198805, 0.04356067627668381, -0.003043457632884383, 0.06454905867576599, -0.017222264781594276, -0.014014624059200287, -0.06294267624616623, -0.04272612929344177, 0.0018011752981692553, -0.005189836956560612, -0.004858681000769138, -0.07421180605888367, 0.013455791398882866, 0.010695420205593109, -0.01350800134241581, -0.023142648860812187, -0.1027144342660904, -0.016189945861697197, 0.0014137969119474292, -0.023114867508411407, -0.029888486489653587, 0.03726085647940636, -0.06001618877053261, 0.016714055091142654, 0.0025869349483400583, 0.005871362052857876, -0.032008521258831024, 0.029962733387947083, -0.04096323251724243, -0.005447934847325087, 0.03420104831457138, -0.0033219263423234224, -0.017988229170441628, -0.006487513426691294, -0.0276656374335289, 0.008763853460550308, -0.056700609624385834, 0.05722222104668617, -0.060534365475177765, 0.03041377104818821, 0.0031905153300613165, -0.023458877578377724, 0.032424986362457275, 0.030101416632533073, 0.06079037860035896, -0.0165080726146698, 0.00029757965239696205, 0.01954551413655281, 0.019325129687786102, 0.0069680362939834595, -0.004606571979820728, -0.051105797290802, -0.007615229114890099, 0.01564209721982479, 0.005863882135599852, -0.0602288618683815, -0.024777395650744438, -0.07739468663930893, -0.04296352341771126, -0.04411924257874489, 0.031217727810144424, -0.039355769753456116, -0.03621327877044678, 0.022766288369894028, 0.01492263376712799, 0.021415598690509796, 0.03109680488705635, -0.026738466694951057, 0.05483398586511612, 0.00380514282733202, -0.029706230387091637, 0.029885977506637573, 0.061715852469205856, -0.02003907971084118, 0.004134484566748142, -0.030851401388645172, -0.030078481882810593, 0.013597222045063972, 0.029270101338624954, -0.04793577268719673, 0.007625652011483908, 0.05006588250398636, 0.020457835868000984, -0.08905454725027084, -0.0035027239937335253, -0.05735248699784279, 0.030023574829101562, 0.006502208765596151, -0.015642937272787094, -0.03830386698246002, -0.033001501113176346, -0.04006176069378853, 0.049068231135606766, 0.02775159478187561, 0.030256634578108788, -0.013462728820741177, -0.015790754929184914, 0.020087534561753273, 0.01337024848908186, -0.02315521240234375, 0.017664149403572083, -0.06665411591529846, -0.023865021765232086, -0.010309772565960884, -0.01004104781895876, 0.014240325428545475, -0.005311713088303804, 0.011800741776823997, -0.01501579862087965, -0.03552889823913574, 0.00965962465852499, -0.025143640115857124, 0.0291080791503191, -0.004648248199373484, -0.00016835024871397763, -0.03212606534361839, 0.01907063089311123, -0.015446593053638935, -0.021285654976963997, 0.031345512717962265, -0.02067304588854313, -0.033927977085113525, -0.024288835003972054, 0.002937787678092718, -0.05720736086368561, 0.028509246185421944, -0.06303348392248154, -0.030018756166100502, -0.004577809013426304, 0.07300000637769699, -0.002783827017992735, 0.000812280282843858, 0.010262598283588886, -0.028031080961227417, 0.04448827728629112, 0.01008895318955183, 0.0027521054726094007, 0.05886321887373924, 0.0021563551854342222, -0.00005914213033975102, 0.02710285782814026, 0.020317843183875084, -0.031832460314035416, 0.0005262737977318466, 0.0020032564643770456, 0.018416495993733406, -0.013326304964721203, 0.046680599451065063, 0.016324901953339577, -0.06227528303861618, -0.02614692598581314, 0.020270636305212975, 0.0390625, 0.05257483571767807, -0.02899223566055298, -0.04929209500551224, 0.0018889307975769043, -0.023777030408382416, -0.03287274390459061, 0.056964099407196045, 0.003351513994857669, 0.0062946355901658535, -0.006833417806774378, -0.038380108773708344, -0.05592894181609154, -0.030651099979877472, 0.012967036105692387, -0.017514189705252647, -0.06097714230418205, -0.013422580435872078, 0.011940942145884037, 0.058467086404561996, -0.042553629726171494, -0.06338600814342499, 0.019528482109308243, 0.0011531664058566093, -0.026369722560048103, -0.011327109299600124, -0.009204505011439323, -0.005258482880890369, -0.045150455087423325, -0.013050735928118229, 0.012478252872824669, -0.021651433780789375, 0.03446329012513161, -0.039688754826784134, -0.01704057864844799, -0.04264989495277405, -0.03138687461614609, 0.006806651130318642, 0.03385769948363304, 0.11063474416732788, 0.007402957417070866, -0.013576336205005646, 0.038305897265672684, 0.023019427433609962, 0.05638975277543068, 0.0014903658302500844, -0.04467543214559555, -0.00476987287402153, -0.06123955920338631, -0.018614554777741432, 0.0021823556162416935, -0.08674720674753189, 0.020468443632125854, 0.06676974147558212, -0.07654289901256561, -0.016745153814554214, 0.04161175712943077, -0.01351265236735344, -0.06822521984577179, 0.02165645733475685, -0.017479894682765007, -0.06929292529821396, -0.030882202088832855, -0.02457931451499462, 0.024930287152528763, -0.02727442793548107, 0.02811443619430065, -0.05672728270292282, 0.08254139870405197, -0.03383418172597885, 0.0009176385356113315, 0.03310206159949303, 0.028669526800513268, 0.0916886106133461, 0.038851041346788406, -0.03696098178625107, 0.10417929291725159, -0.03420232608914375, -0.04860362410545349, 0.029982276260852814, 0.05209427326917648, -0.014907797798514366, -0.029483500868082047, 0.041286125779151917, 0.07537379115819931, -0.013195617124438286, -0.025674285367131233, 0.0008773969020694494, -0.06158260628581047, -0.020745301619172096, -0.004658745136111975, 0.11771345883607864, -0.049496959894895554, -0.010262538678944111, 0.021993014961481094, -0.03096650168299675, 0.06912402808666229, -0.015476840548217297, -0.016265515238046646, 0.05407078191637993, 0.007842947728931904, -0.033654406666755676, 0.0219211857765913, 0.01909913495182991, 0.021326269954442978, -0.09017161279916763, 0.014051784761250019, -0.09842648357152939, 0.02678234875202179, -0.05423735827207565, -0.013464604504406452, -0.04892757162451744, 0.026468951255083084, 0.05330948159098625, 0.030536415055394173, -0.0013930193381384015, 0.013856877572834492, 0.030055813491344452, -0.036613352596759796, -0.008536347188055515, -0.029563652351498604, 0.0070149581879377365, 0.022638823837041855, -0.02369002439081669, -0.022509226575493813, -0.011036518029868603, -0.012645239941775799, -0.04424663633108139, -0.020192531868815422, 0.0029602455906569958, 0.01088437344878912, -0.0196603462100029, 0.013123909011483192, 0.023126568645238876, -0.01595635525882244, -0.02127186581492424, 0.029679276049137115, 0.028653837740421295, -0.04676046967506409, 0.00667961873114109, -0.012619676068425179, 0.014033288694918156, 0.03050387278199196, -0.01774914562702179, -0.04634593054652214, 0.009944736026227474, 0.012263299897313118, -0.013702044263482094, -0.01644495315849781, 0.02869420498609543, 0.0736280009150505, 0.024732770398259163, 0.04310449957847595, 0.010423023253679276, -0.0239708349108696, -0.008044583722949028, 0.027163933962583542, 0.008912795223295689, 0.034842222929000854, 0.01969212479889393, 0.023425713181495667, 0.03210967034101486, -0.03281167149543762, -0.009724036790430546, -0.017625052481889725, 0.0610024631023407, 0.017415154725313187, -0.022967075929045677, -0.006089781876653433, -0.0026405188255012035, 0.020565442740917206, -0.000987127423286438, -0.013855899684131145, -0.0004761351447086781, -0.03247300162911415, 0.06561998277902603, -0.054263871163129807, -0.029913242906332016, -0.032993897795677185, -0.03519048914313316, -0.022717196494340897, -0.05236281454563141, 0.07814428955316544, -0.03301136940717697, 0.0009964131750166416, -0.008058981038630009, -0.030960291624069214, -0.03873031586408615, -0.003685814794152975, 0.0493859127163887, -0.035915128886699677, -0.04325557500123978, -0.00310727022588253, -0.0028489644173532724, -0.05890379101037979, -0.05863332748413086, -0.03481070324778557, 0.03575899451971054, -0.08661050349473953, 0.01591222919523716, 0.042185865342617035, -0.030809061601758003, 0.035005584359169006, -0.000333080388372764, 0.030495446175336838, -0.0704190582036972, 0.022888636216521263, -0.029572324827313423, -0.00405759597197175, -0.00943826138973236, -0.03287308290600777, -0.0180355217307806, 0.0834951400756836, -0.013812615536153316, -0.023474890738725662, -0.06087292730808258, 0.028124788776040077, -0.022586248815059662, 0.006528167519718409, 0.026216570287942886, -0.01312326081097126, -0.023018047213554382, -0.0016538212075829506, 0.009854036383330822, 0.019279437139630318, 0.072200708091259, 0.004135967697948217, 0.014201425015926361, -0.008590961806476116, 0.030236637219786644, -0.013576246798038483, 0.016103098168969154, 0.033936914056539536, 0.011796927079558372, 0.005396447144448757, 0.005289006978273392, -0.03759430721402168, 0.02025270089507103, -0.0004192124179098755 ]
<p>Some time far into the future, humans have made the technology breakthroughs to construct decoherence-proof reversible quantum computers with quantum fault tolerance. They have also solved the hard AI problem. They program a quantum conscious being on such a computer and also a two state quantum system. The quantum conscious being is programmed to entangle with the quantum system, measuring it. The rules of the Copenhagen interpretation tell us the state of the quantum system happened. The programmers reverse the program, undoing the measurement, with all the memory wiped clean. Did the quantum system unhappen?</p>
g4610
[ 0.025568006560206413, 0.03975898399949074, 0.008239670656621456, -0.016399988904595375, -0.026560215279459953, 0.011719264090061188, 0.015233101323246956, 0.05010022595524788, 0.008840074762701988, 0.0006644494133070111, -0.05455317720770836, 0.01960904523730278, 0.025604402646422386, -0.012561035342514515, 0.014650709927082062, 0.040901828557252884, 0.06288670748472214, -0.006167464889585972, 0.002649080939590931, 0.021207651123404503, 0.08058300614356995, 0.0072656734846532345, -0.04529886692762375, -0.035431429743766785, -0.0386284738779068, 0.005210242699831724, -0.010202061384916306, 0.007057680282741785, -0.04124673083424568, -0.0005498503451235592, -0.005270780064165592, -0.03714381903409958, 0.016322920098900795, -0.04870115593075752, -0.006620691157877445, -0.028723087161779404, -0.0016431177500635386, -0.04238725081086159, 0.020402340218424797, 0.01189451478421688, -0.0422213040292263, 0.004469333216547966, -0.03720557689666748, -0.004866846837103367, 0.020698752254247665, 0.037295132875442505, 0.028574645519256592, -0.025347299873828888, -0.0038576959632337093, -0.03182539716362953, 0.020285803824663162, -0.01652592048048973, 0.03111886791884899, 0.010033182799816132, 0.032794032245874405, 0.029707519337534904, -0.015778275206685066, -0.018525104969739914, 0.04277249425649643, -0.052311673760414124, 0.008045642636716366, 0.0011255316203460097, 0.05351855605840683, -0.0017678156727924943, 0.020607922226190567, 0.03177075833082199, -0.026557523757219315, 0.05396272987127304, -0.006521748844534159, 0.006695312913507223, -0.0011469501769170165, -0.0600910522043705, -0.01794574037194252, 0.053799107670784, 0.07196337729692459, -0.005002134945243597, -0.0006614584708586335, 0.012001502327620983, 0.005365290213376284, 0.03617767617106438, -0.064267098903656, -0.08486209064722061, -0.014733592979609966, -0.03521009162068367, 0.015495948493480682, -0.042379483580589294, -0.05292651802301407, -0.03400200605392456, -0.022491082549095154, 0.07395163923501968, 0.018702011555433273, -0.03951847180724144, 0.03753788769245148, 0.03399301692843437, 0.012066271156072617, 0.004923349712044001, 0.02391766756772995, -0.0334649533033371, -0.0718282163143158, -0.006001920439302921, -0.04273918643593788, -0.057469479739665985, -0.005667664110660553, -0.026281727477908134, -0.022867124527692795, 0.0012815702939406037, -0.007828006520867348, -0.02666710503399372, -0.030313273891806602, 0.03240213170647621, 0.03500811755657196, -0.03268766403198242, -0.007592345122247934, 0.020230231806635857, 0.03778392821550369, 0.002583733294159174, 0.05407264456152916, -0.018626615405082703, -0.054337866604328156, 0.046430375427007675, -0.004914403427392244, -0.05732439458370209, 0.019205816090106964, 0.012127443216741085, 0.023343101143836975, 0.044108662754297256, -0.027635304257273674, -0.0340065136551857, 0.053152911365032196, 0.05130680277943611, 0.016583092510700226, 0.05676517263054848, -0.02680012583732605, 0.05728599801659584, 0.0007061737705953419, -0.0019180935341864824, 0.08469083160161972, 0.02456728368997574, 0.004559918772429228, -0.0071500507183372974, 0.006534615997225046, -0.028504181653261185, -0.021575769409537315, 0.002150392858311534, 0.05266165733337402, -0.12167996913194656, 0.017863312736153603, 0.010165209881961346, -0.0341251939535141, 0.02270849235355854, 0.03178604692220688, -0.025666773319244385, -0.009353420697152615, -0.053485993295907974, -0.018794303759932518, 0.015252777375280857, 0.008576796390116215, 0.00941404141485691, 0.00038165689329616725, -0.0170445553958416, 0.04237689822912216, 0.016878534108400345, -0.011986271478235722, -0.010970271192491055, 0.005783225409686565, 0.059160321950912476, -0.033571649342775345, -0.017137005925178528, 0.015458404086530209, 0.012383931316435337, -0.07807659357786179, 0.0167983565479517, -0.037096694111824036, -0.013932335190474987, 0.011179253458976746, 0.07617930322885513, -0.020375428721308708, 0.0010028131073340774, 0.06437482684850693, -0.059518348425626755, -0.007294307928532362, 0.039867665618658066, 0.0005839050863869488, 0.057550378143787384, -0.01271356176584959, -0.01968964748084545, -0.014610513113439083, 0.005877099931240082, 0.029054811224341393, -0.05513196066021919, 0.04948436841368675, -0.02272346243262291, -0.0018916920525953174, -0.01869586668908596, 0.014993589371442795, -0.07390937954187393, 0.010505923070013523, 0.031028350815176964, 0.056469809263944626, -0.006889699026942253, 0.018063152208924294, 0.004584233742207289, 0.017845874652266502, -0.019564315676689148, -0.0074041360057890415, -0.04264671728014946, 0.026307374238967896, 0.011978654190897942, -0.03168238326907158, -0.025198690593242645, 0.03819243609905243, 0.04527941346168518, -0.002176002599298954, -0.0073800780810415745, 0.006473502144217491, 0.013643267564475536, 0.049881305545568466, -0.053828757256269455, 0.02030569314956665, -0.0409860722720623, 0.05734022706747055, 0.02068011835217476, 0.040580350905656815, -0.002041694475337863, 0.019356196746230125, 0.024445995688438416, -0.09032618254423141, -0.04233460873365402, -0.03553532809019089, 0.009044548496603966, -0.01224668137729168, -0.043963752686977386, -0.03942196071147919, -0.004590438678860664, 0.07374905794858932, 0.06249481812119484, 0.0063608246855437756, 0.02150489203631878, 0.10790892690420151, 0.019657200202345848, -0.002611767267808318, 0.02899767830967903, -0.052276793867349625, 0.004935136064887047, 0.011500292457640171, -0.02743060141801834, -0.023353807628154755, -0.06842396408319473, 0.00009765784488990903, 0.02010120078921318, 0.02487296797335148, -0.0673864409327507, -0.058411527425050735, 0.012426712550222874, -0.002665726002305746, 0.012821193784475327, 0.037134766578674316, -0.009811877273023129, 0.0207214392721653, 0.02031967230141163, 0.054072897881269455, -0.004054299555718899, -0.028341416269540787, 0.03616372123360634, 0.045398760586977005, 0.006944919936358929, 0.016716426238417625, -0.0203776266425848, -0.019138773903250694, 0.011971903964877129, -0.006019946187734604, 0.031127804890275, 0.00936234463006258, 0.02589537389576435, 0.038108792155981064, -0.0017161212163046002, -0.04894959181547165, -0.003508770139887929, 0.015184598043560982, -0.006337037775665522, -0.05482219532132149, 0.012413470074534416, 0.001102725975215435, 0.0032265661284327507, 0.06558386981487274, -0.06523507088422775, -0.0753481462597847, 0.047791771590709686, 0.03389601409435272, 0.03371996060013771, -0.028250377625226974, 0.0159794669598341, 0.03809279575943947, 0.04320282116532326, -0.08871942013502121, 0.039613377302885056, 0.017732886597514153, -0.014587923884391785, -0.02683626301586628, 0.03584533557295799, 0.03343275189399719, 0.003407515585422516, -0.01982426643371582, 0.006123492494225502, -0.008007420226931572, -0.05075746774673462, -0.012133422307670116, 0.06254137307405472, -0.023928280919790268, -0.06831363588571548, -0.05925114080309868, -0.01830362156033516, 0.01631159707903862, -0.09014824032783508, 0.02561134472489357, 0.05302656441926956, 0.0030192043632268906, 0.021958574652671814, 0.028489746153354645, -0.023638227954506874, 0.011089291423559189, 0.004774661734700203, -0.017722249031066895, 0.0065393210388720036, 0.09655702859163284, 0.03301137313246727, -0.044856537133455276, 0.02551725134253502, -0.035213977098464966, -0.02765466272830963, 0.050179094076156616, 0.02746589109301567, -0.002505874028429389, 0.0007345879566855729, -0.005196216516196728, -0.07170252501964569, -0.015546558424830437, 0.011061729863286018, -0.010317942127585411, -0.01767306588590145, -0.009099380113184452, -0.010007557459175587, 0.039392516016960144, 0.024020150303840637, 0.05153404921293259, 0.012173235416412354, -0.009570625610649586, -0.019550330936908722, 0.03885924443602562, -0.000531687110196799, 0.017728185281157494, 0.040778979659080505, -0.03847934678196907, -0.013945634476840496, -0.017510442063212395, 0.04217205196619034, -0.0039108190685510635, 0.0059887622483074665, -0.01004714798182249, -0.019255971536040306, -0.001660526148043573, 0.018062708899378777, 0.02277008444070816, -0.029254425317049026, -0.05140077695250511, -0.009639661759138107, 0.025761935859918594, 0.04226607084274292, -0.0006577356834895909, -0.01073236670345068, -0.04756464436650276, -0.004113771952688694, 0.001066755736246705, -0.0563613586127758, 0.01998016983270645, -0.05870308354496956, 0.0036592057440429926, -0.01572587341070175, -0.009367868304252625, 0.028830207884311676, 0.019396910443902016, -0.03800289332866669, -0.024878690019249916, -0.04933862015604973, 0.048876289278268814, 0.03647417202591896, 0.0074303848668932915, -0.0622054859995842, -0.02916315756738186, 0.04432757943868637, 0.009470509365200996, 0.027876650914549828, -0.011190041899681091, -0.013770312070846558, 0.042695801705121994, 0.059620801359415054, -0.06539472192525864, -0.04024753347039223, -0.019453806802630424, -0.03531336411833763, -0.01948576606810093, -0.03260517120361328, 0.04242503643035889, 0.032658908516168594, -0.015848468989133835, -0.02809125930070877, -0.0313434898853302, -0.024893078953027725, 0.03314290940761566, 0.05238078907132149, 0.009062767960131168, 0.006423799321055412, 0.0038117989897727966, -0.08547497540712357, -0.05216285213828087, -0.008157138712704182, 0.07117799669504166, 0.036791905760765076, 0.03548833727836609, -0.008524351753294468, -0.038970768451690674, 0.04681779816746712, 0.04261080175638199, 0.042817793786525726, 0.005019183270633221, -0.016870226711034775, 0.002993304282426834, 0.021540697664022446, 0.02981244958937168, -0.058016784489154816, 0.05162934213876724, -0.024975039064884186, -0.042386122047901154, 0.015127022750675678, -0.04404483735561371, -0.008895819075405598, 0.05139143392443657, -0.010847215540707111, -0.021682046353816986, 0.03703174740076065, 0.047497715801000595, 0.00019355048425495625, -0.05778271332383156, -0.0021671983413398266, -0.012306656688451767, 0.05093739926815033, 0.06115007773041725, 0.005216807592660189, 0.02276112139225006, -0.03105313703417778, -0.009876585565507412, 0.05542997270822525, -0.011383556760847569, 0.013165704905986786, 0.019457634538412094, -0.020976560190320015, -0.026963304728269577, 0.0320003405213356, 0.013171736150979996, 0.0386812649667263, -0.007930546998977661, -0.023490166291594505, -0.027900461107492447, 0.05145272612571716, -0.06997590512037277, 0.013938016258180141, -0.030678292736411095, 0.012517673894762993, -0.025615118443965912, 0.019057216122746468, 0.01712844893336296, 0.0096304165199399, 0.002071196446195245, 0.04955163598060608, 0.040371283888816833, -0.03967321664094925, -0.03383529558777809, 0.02313312143087387, 0.008456139825284481, 0.07242824137210846, 0.03436201810836792, -0.029548829421401024, -0.0033130876254290342, -0.006399399600923061, -0.011086958460509777, 0.021551482379436493, 0.010358410887420177, 0.027342531830072403, -0.044596683233976364, -0.05745074525475502, 0.04685156047344208, 0.055455051362514496, 0.02814486436545849, -0.06332189589738846, 0.0196730587631464, -0.06199825555086136, -0.0526302233338356, 0.05776027962565422, 0.02473241277039051, 0.0481499545276165, -0.014822161756455898, 0.035345446318387985, -0.007938617840409279, 0.0034226656425744295, -0.0643727034330368, 0.02689010091125965, 0.03290514275431633, -0.08272600919008255, -0.041869789361953735, 0.05493606999516487, -0.03940661996603012, -0.04606354236602783, 0.03958695009350777, 0.010688969865441322, 0.039665210992097855, 0.012317552231252193, -0.04475044459104538, 0.007605853024870157, -0.03444480523467064, -0.053810928016901016, -0.007359650451689959, 0.027106497436761856, 0.03072579763829708, 0.04192468896508217, -0.04864233359694481, 0.02165551483631134, 0.02377217635512352, -0.06268562376499176, 0.03225552663207054, 0.05576277896761894, 0.05886254459619522, 0.08947177976369858, 0.017616622149944305, -0.053501617163419724, -0.006899495143443346, -0.05019884556531906, -0.001604381832294166, -0.0048160189762711525, 0.0306369811296463, 0.034368135035037994, 0.0830286294221878, 0.03633912280201912, -0.00473150797188282, 0.06124835088849068, -0.0632336437702179, -0.04899328947067261, -0.058563001453876495, 0.017322128638625145, -0.026444410905241966, -0.07804885506629944, -0.03332871198654175, -0.038150448352098465, 0.00525873526930809, 0.02600128948688507, 0.010281487368047237, 0.03338770195841789, -0.03126153722405434, 0.020087851211428642, 0.01418825052678585, 0.005592671688646078, 0.026510320603847504, 0.021625852212309837, 0.019964955747127533, -0.003164928872138262, -0.03398924320936203, -0.016588527709245682, -0.028589734807610512, -0.021332744508981705, 0.027401631698012352, 0.031736817210912704, 0.023456724360585213, 0.022603381425142288, 0.01326366700232029, -0.01675904355943203, -0.0013318719575181603, -0.006806205026805401, -0.004620365798473358, -0.09232931584119797, -0.04608377441763878, -0.06921926885843277, 0.004314160905778408, -0.01497750822454691, 0.024350715801119804, -0.053902581334114075, -0.0034622210077941418, 0.00249297171831131, -0.004471300635486841, 0.04384670779109001, 0.07062652707099915, 0.058677416294813156, -0.014416887424886227, 0.049474380910396576, 0.010804872959852219, -0.06773076206445694, -0.0027123161125928164, 0.003930005710572004, -0.024377895519137383, -0.07066141813993454, -0.09949439018964767, -0.01583768241107464, -0.07856867462396622, -0.032487206161022186, -0.0038776006549596786, 0.013856375589966774, -0.019015958532691002, 0.03819716349244118, -0.05880213901400566, 0.038946811109781265, 0.024691348895430565, -0.03119489550590515, -0.00963625032454729, -0.011473018676042557, -0.011315705254673958, 0.01270530465990305, -0.010502194985747337, -0.03722428157925606, 0.0685945674777031, -0.017835848033428192, -0.07477670162916183, 0.06937738507986069, 0.033823590725660324, 0.004320070613175631, 0.0069400290958583355, 0.01083422265946865, 0.025922469794750214, 0.03347015008330345, 0.08147856593132019, -0.005950192920863628, 0.07528775185346603, 0.10188005864620209, -0.005820451304316521, -0.01787468045949936, 0.04818573594093323, 0.026441697031259537, -0.03541530668735504, -0.0148018728941679, -0.05497584491968155, 0.04398179054260254, 0.03315850719809532, 0.005685301963239908, 0.03831232339143753, -0.0016542929224669933, -0.013793808408081532, -0.04462027922272682, -0.059608858078718185, 0.00009344159479951486, 0.0375814214348793, 0.013947905041277409, -0.022023048251867294, -0.014207959175109863, -0.020063620060682297, 0.030194677412509918, -0.01021082978695631, 0.005398180801421404, -0.011962004005908966, 0.02923394925892353, -0.0021297193598002195, -0.011124619282782078, -0.0004430938570294529, -0.051275283098220825, 0.0072970143519341946, -0.0167945995926857, 0.0045721279457211494, -0.04770581051707268, 0.005368536338210106, -0.01688157580792904, 0.019782887771725655, -0.0017533525824546814, -0.019106002524495125, 0.006018319167196751, -0.005251574795693159, -0.0557977631688118, -0.05878084525465965, 0.00798626895993948, 0.016889968886971474, -0.017838070169091225, 0.048159465193748474, 0.02850254997611046, -0.055752288550138474, -0.02602636069059372, -0.016413798555731773, -0.014486937783658504, 0.026578405871987343, -0.04127016291022301, 0.03529259189963341, -0.006795419380068779, 0.019193334504961967, 0.06000320240855217, -0.01856650784611702, -0.07421740889549255, -0.005241277161985636, 0.00657019205391407, 0.01323709636926651, -0.05557291582226753, 0.0014763028593733907, 0.006130120251327753, -0.01977251097559929, 0.05137472599744797, 0.06341919302940369, -0.027124781161546707, 0.011462459340691566, 0.005047793034464121, 0.050412047654390335, 0.06803543865680695, -0.04673749580979347, -0.007344402372837067, -0.033464133739471436, 0.009746654890477657, 0.01843443140387535, -0.024023212492465973, -0.041880227625370026, -0.019085709005594254, 0.023515786975622177, -0.021027453243732452, 0.0022708417382091284, -0.030320892110466957, -0.04437053203582764, -0.004458269104361534, 0.031840674579143524, -0.01198852900415659, 0.041354622691869736, 0.011815162375569344, -0.08495049178600311, 0.023973625153303146, -0.03644390031695366, 0.030688351020216942, 0.0324484147131443, 0.004606220405548811, -0.04319479316473007, -0.02910568006336689, 0.04329923912882805, -0.009473887272179127, -0.02322039008140564, -0.0386800579726696, 0.016572952270507812, 0.04077877104282379, -0.10028693825006485, -0.0016773638781160116, -0.05455426871776581, -0.04022373631596565, -0.021214153617620468, -0.021211819723248482, 0.011540490202605724, -0.005730759352445602, 0.011102507822215557, -0.07120926678180695, -0.04240931198000908, -0.02549307607114315, 0.052970997989177704, -0.04603602737188339, 0.03263084962964058, -0.049657370895147324, -0.06075502187013626, -0.0022111316211521626, -0.0020627127960324287, 0.01833293028175831, 0.062065862119197845, 0.017966965213418007, 0.051541175693273544, -0.024547165259718895, 0.0043089077807962894, -0.01891670748591423, 0.019492285326123238, 0.025301601737737656, -0.032555028796195984, -0.02746046893298626, 0.006825061049312353, 0.02849338948726654 ]
<p>I can find equations to give the force of an electromagnet on a piece of iron when the iron touches the electromagnet. </p> <p>But what about when the iron is some distance from the electromagnet? Presumably the force depends on the shape/size of the iron piece as well as the location of the piece away from the magnet. </p> <p>If anybody can tell me how to calculate this, even if I have to write a numerical calculation routine, I would appreciate any direction on this. </p>
g4611
[ 0.04048639163374901, 0.007628777530044317, 0.003780991304665804, 0.0040103113278746605, 0.008592835627496243, 0.034591201692819595, 0.002943611005321145, 0.06149031221866608, -0.07922721654176712, -0.004408420529216528, -0.03598102927207947, 0.042175982147455215, -0.01898619718849659, -0.039418481290340424, 0.0382230281829834, 0.07315412163734436, 0.0350164920091629, -0.010645901784300804, 0.02779225818812847, 0.045454565435647964, 0.012318349443376064, 0.020146777853369713, -0.014738214202225208, -0.04324772208929062, -0.02774185687303543, -0.012227571569383144, 0.03308415412902832, 0.00782005861401558, -0.0011814050376415253, -0.0099785840138793, -0.08661938458681107, 0.0654778853058815, 0.023328406736254692, -0.045443613082170486, -0.04041871801018715, 0.006844078656286001, -0.015802038833498955, 0.03881832957267761, -0.007265778258442879, -0.023165684193372726, 0.01716703176498413, -0.05283620208501816, -0.011780372820794582, -0.0002890518226195127, 0.039414048194885254, -0.018753180280327797, -0.0350540466606617, -0.02631104178726673, -0.0037908675149083138, -0.00032700886367820203, -0.016628099605441093, 0.007502604741603136, 0.027845149859786034, 0.014722730964422226, 0.06420983374118805, 0.05616952106356621, 0.08444411307573318, -0.027506617829203606, 0.009766497649252415, 0.015344002284109592, 0.0471053272485733, 0.06681585311889648, -0.0381084568798542, -0.030578022822737694, 0.010462101548910141, 0.016481997445225716, -0.030643777921795845, -0.03999701514840126, 0.025072718039155006, 0.0075418464839458466, -0.05138518661260605, -0.008130348287522793, 0.031588174402713776, -0.011092406697571278, -0.07800168544054031, 0.01345633715391159, 0.048815734684467316, 0.036348626017570496, 0.036267440766096115, 0.03994930908083916, -0.018559688702225685, 0.0018644580850377679, 0.03679553419351578, -0.02738788351416588, 0.026117688044905663, 0.03480535000562668, -0.02956213988363743, 0.03882927447557449, -0.016132574528455734, 0.011067235842347145, 0.011010349728167057, 0.04610640928149223, 0.021471304818987846, -0.013014462776482105, 0.0025699434336274862, -0.048222970217466354, 0.0073608700186014175, 0.02502387948334217, 0.01425777468830347, -0.028700951486825943, -0.05520433187484741, -0.04216481372714043, -0.020303498953580856, -0.017992977052927017, -0.0032901333179324865, -0.012694146484136581, 0.013229858130216599, 0.09780772775411606, -0.02063281275331974, 0.03536704182624817, 0.01066689845174551, -0.05989697948098183, -0.06873621046543121, 0.016138719394803047, -0.009069448336958885, -0.023717783391475677, 0.026340750977396965, -0.03769257292151451, 0.01111717987805605, 0.042838674038648605, 0.03355638310313225, -0.02264517731964588, 0.0023716622963547707, 0.0490841381251812, -0.019450170919299126, -0.04789205640554428, -0.04412307217717171, 0.011041025631129742, 0.022530125454068184, -0.015329627320170403, 0.034115806221961975, 0.008514909073710442, 0.04475218057632446, -0.030957970768213272, -0.028998617082834244, 0.04368463531136513, -0.0276202205568552, -0.020859869197010994, -0.026861878111958504, 0.024803945794701576, 0.008923721499741077, -0.024864813312888145, 0.03920075669884682, -0.04993176832795143, -0.05293094739317894, 0.018361177295446396, -0.02351619303226471, -0.040186990052461624, 0.038033679127693176, -0.030448785051703453, 0.048432234674692154, 0.04151089861989021, -0.003847995540127158, -0.0150435296818614, 0.01845778152346611, -0.03334104269742966, 0.008060477674007416, 0.016205420717597008, 0.038303617388010025, -0.03636088967323303, 0.020978862419724464, -0.030466649681329727, 0.054409172385931015, -0.021153202280402184, -0.0076184505596756935, 0.021232444792985916, -0.02924741432070732, -0.014951542019844055, -0.003262818092480302, -0.027545908465981483, -0.039753515273332596, -0.001166184083558619, 0.050345528870821, 0.007020301651209593, 0.011607425287365913, 0.03358547389507294, 0.002451035426929593, -0.06502842903137207, 0.035833172500133514, -0.006796267349272966, 0.04243626445531845, -0.03474564850330353, 0.09450285881757736, 0.026646411046385765, -0.029227687045931816, 0.0032271691597998142, 0.022339025512337685, 0.018965821713209152, 0.025499839335680008, 0.0027292692102491856, -0.04199811816215515, -0.003637532703578472, 0.006624381057918072, 0.025430509820580482, -0.022198880091309547, 0.008282952941954136, 0.029528900980949402, -0.02924250438809395, 0.002657762262970209, -0.06957711279392242, -0.026301786303520203, 0.11241097003221512, 0.0190991573035717, 0.03995397314429283, -0.009419756941497326, 0.008132115006446838, 0.01760125905275345, 0.007680218666791916, 0.015314280055463314, 0.008404701948165894, -0.03351053223013878, -0.007614272180944681, -0.039638176560401917, 0.0031191478483378887, -0.03500312566757202, 0.0443795844912529, -0.05728832632303238, -0.004378864541649818, -0.05386825650930405, 0.08739636838436127, 0.024930007755756378, -0.004293003119528294, 0.04055082052946091, -0.015112095512449741, -0.021974917501211166, 0.013312106020748615, 0.015515970066189766, 0.020366625860333443, -0.02614864520728588, -0.008530772291123867, -0.06818205863237381, -0.0023054522462189198, -0.005955629516392946, -0.009813463315367699, 0.0646783784031868, 0.05228039249777794, 0.029399696737527847, -0.01807585172355175, -0.007050143089145422, -0.0015899062855169177, 0.012988509610295296, -0.0451456755399704, 0.03381320834159851, -0.046705957502126694, 0.020267659798264503, -0.014674334786832333, 0.05939362570643425, 0.01562647707760334, 0.005084507167339325, -0.02295376919209957, 0.028392618522047997, 0.007732854690402746, -0.0017988422187045217, 0.023809975013136864, -0.02780172973871231, -0.022590842097997665, -0.08713919669389725, 0.025330688804388046, -0.05269135907292366, -0.051479607820510864, -0.01921801082789898, -0.0847022607922554, 0.07403808832168579, 0.05452969670295715, -0.05628577992320061, -0.028992729261517525, -0.08085376769304276, 0.004405681975185871, 0.08464352786540985, 0.0227588452398777, -0.009325145743787289, 0.08304933458566666, 0.045703258365392685, -0.026029670611023903, 0.0013415046269074082, -0.10181430727243423, 0.00870728399604559, -0.045265406370162964, 0.037558987736701965, 0.04442363604903221, -0.034335605800151825, -0.0026614691596478224, -0.0014870313461869955, 0.030642682686448097, 0.02263020910322666, -0.024463394656777382, -0.016655953601002693, -0.004041600972414017, 0.021685656160116196, -0.06298880279064178, -0.010406497865915298, -0.04963907599449158, 0.036598216742277145, -0.0453367717564106, -0.009627123363316059, 0.030631886795163155, 0.053003717213869095, 0.028347035869956017, -0.020052410662174225, 0.021045779809355736, 0.00598779134452343, 0.004350632894784212, -0.013377627357840538, 0.030324866995215416, 0.03322816267609596, 0.02548469975590706, 0.039835501462221146, -0.05129573494195938, 0.0036464263685047626, -0.0754653662443161, -0.07608373463153839, 0.039927344769239426, 0.022348517552018166, -0.0253488440066576, -0.06767963618040085, -0.05705771967768669, 0.024313874542713165, -0.013837933540344238, 0.04800361022353172, 0.028108004480600357, 0.0013983846874907613, -0.09768828749656677, 0.05447835102677345, 0.013437969610095024, 0.02305757999420166, 0.033074669539928436, 0.006133726332336664, 0.056143373250961304, 0.016237925738096237, 0.03360580652952194, 0.022491615265607834, 0.07471542805433273, -0.05184316262602806, -0.03470556065440178, -0.0736953616142273, 0.000931353832129389, 0.03250059112906456, 0.03252546489238739, 0.008486706763505936, 0.02973584085702896, 0.007511379197239876, -0.03694269061088562, -0.0063368999399244785, 0.00400434760376811, -0.026879088953137398, 0.040594205260276794, -0.03538694605231285, 0.017366066575050354, 0.030738014727830887, -0.006581873632967472, -0.007221683859825134, -0.02317287027835846, 0.04165125638246536, 0.004786254838109016, 0.04650529846549034, -0.0031407333444803953, -0.017777854576706886, -0.02572799101471901, -0.02342934161424637, 0.018250709399580956, 0.04889313504099846, -0.012538859620690346, -0.040604230016469955, -0.052380021661520004, -0.030182624235749245, -0.050848133862018585, 0.03834165260195732, 0.04657352715730667, 0.009275204502046108, -0.0037448478396981955, 0.057175930589437485, -0.0421159453690052, 0.032510772347450256, 0.018498212099075317, 0.02045285888016224, 0.014082797802984715, 0.00938266608864069, 0.0002365033869864419, 0.013687032274901867, 0.013417367823421955, -0.025259269401431084, 0.1077328696846962, -0.02510543167591095, 0.0040414887480437756, 0.04843180999159813, -0.028273265808820724, -0.024279389530420303, 0.036140188574790955, 0.047729458659887314, -0.020553944632411003, -0.016734236851334572, -0.06904765963554382, -0.03677928447723389, 0.04783094674348831, 0.03142903372645378, -0.003034367924556136, 0.02449697069823742, 0.03417671099305153, 0.050250083208084106, -0.020715197548270226, 0.025203660130500793, 0.040146324783563614, -0.005599916912615299, 0.09289022535085678, -0.015804067254066467, -0.022983215749263763, 0.0003848985070362687, 0.00806344673037529, 0.03236986696720123, -0.014706525020301342, -0.011808059178292751, -0.03728656470775604, -0.024267517030239105, -0.026081332936882973, -0.007194271311163902, -0.019241563975811005, 0.03685277700424194, 0.0249110609292984, -0.021266276016831398, -0.07612423598766327, 0.010475082322955132, 0.025258321315050125, 0.012310771271586418, -0.06130780652165413, -0.025047389790415764, -0.0031753992661833763, 0.018766894936561584, -0.048354774713516235, 0.040971823036670685, 0.03346551954746246, -0.04909185692667961, 0.016364026814699173, -0.006033583544194698, -0.004989105276763439, -0.015119084157049656, 0.029601162299513817, -0.02552289515733719, -0.009512723423540592, 0.012644005008041859, 0.010976564139127731, -0.0014505961444228888, 0.0972350686788559, 0.014760415069758892, 0.044459905475378036, -0.03511599078774452, 0.01173597015440464, -0.07745393365621567, -0.06102973595261574, -0.0035298129078000784, -0.00742678577080369, 0.008060027845203876, -0.012125607579946518, -0.08057165890932083, -0.005514256190508604, -0.04710543528199196, 0.030656350776553154, 0.0023704003542661667, -0.03782644867897034, 0.05283915624022484, 0.014099707826972008, -0.013238354586064816, -0.013409365899860859, -0.09377089887857437, 0.04312755540013313, -0.028773123398423195, 0.03134377673268318, -0.011778625659644604, 0.0005205487832427025, -0.057211488485336304, 0.06819402426481247, 0.017274122685194016, 0.025273282080888748, -0.004432935733348131, -0.010868781246244907, 0.02420789562165737, 0.06800394505262375, 0.005853105802088976, -0.019430669024586678, 0.015397400595247746, 0.04265692085027695, -0.02665027230978012, 0.013023209758102894, -0.002473813481628895, -0.02064204216003418, 0.002163342898711562, -0.04374797269701958, 0.03713327646255493, 0.03565127030014992, -0.0031435673590749502, -0.014433542266488075, 0.0066699618473649025, 0.017577150836586952, -0.011187715455889702, 0.006884167902171612, -0.04946888983249664, 0.029950356110930443, -0.014202821999788284, 0.02086816169321537, 0.03387376293540001, 0.0019078976474702358, 0.0011571954237297177, 0.00461826054379344, -0.040191538631916046, -0.031207701191306114, -0.023803139105439186, 0.07700168341398239, 0.02853260189294815, -0.023535067215561867, -0.013312706723809242, 0.028737597167491913, 0.0155583331361413, 0.021053528413176537, 0.008569695055484772, 0.0041235568933188915, -0.009855829179286957, 0.003299159463495016, -0.014885754324495792, 0.044172707945108414, 0.0031450530514121056, 0.04946332424879074, 0.06580723077058792, -0.024044806137681007, 0.04806670919060707, -0.09754185378551483, -0.0006264494732022285, -0.014764014631509781, -0.019926980137825012, 0.0199116263538599, -0.048908282071352005, -0.02081209234893322, 0.014156531542539597, -0.0240484606474638, -0.00908541027456522, -0.00737967062741518, -0.02853972278535366, -0.012499261647462845, 0.05412859469652176, -0.05068302899599075, -0.0025910455733537674, -0.025217384099960327, 0.03640996664762497, -0.0034964464139193296, 0.026021715253591537, 0.057173170149326324, -0.029697177931666374, 0.0026359036564826965, 0.04508944973349571, 0.008719791658222675, 0.026696955785155296, -0.027613259851932526, -0.019186239689588547, 0.03412148356437683, -0.06188658997416496, -0.01894628442823887, 0.005613712128251791, 0.015934713184833527, 0.026913536712527275, -0.026675840839743614, -0.004218552727252245, -0.06035764887928963, 0.07615605741739273, -0.040100786834955215, -0.03734537586569786, -0.017253702506422997, -0.03300970047712326, 0.014794480055570602, -0.018841560930013657, 0.04661932960152626, 0.041146643459796906, 0.03945634141564369, 0.04671235382556915, -0.025623289868235588, -0.09155050665140152, 0.006956749130040407, 0.05077873915433884, 0.013536887243390083, -0.007390335202217102, -0.000024563345505157486, -0.009530020877718925, 0.01642788015305996, 0.009376339614391327, 0.036408763378858566, 0.0024139229208230972, -0.02110821194946766, -0.022176479920744896, 0.055048223584890366, -0.03355145826935768, -0.02541574276983738, 0.0768035426735878, -0.027729181572794914, 0.008940803818404675, -0.011377283371984959, 0.025042664259672165, -0.007019687909632921, -0.013485580682754517, -0.05572061613202095, 0.019478656351566315, 0.04078083112835884, 0.029006367549300194, 0.06702430546283722, -0.015410861000418663, 0.032950159162282944, 0.045327626168727875, -0.008013366721570492, 0.013849519193172455, -0.0022965865209698677, 0.04231554642319679, -0.006558774039149284, 0.038465213030576706, -0.05042082071304321, -0.014411045238375664, 0.049243513494729996, -0.05034790188074112, 0.028537975624203682, 0.03127838298678398, -0.04454689100384712, 0.011545747518539429, -0.05651688575744629, -0.04894430190324783, 0.03188568726181984, -0.03395738825201988, -0.06765364855527878, -0.03005826473236084, -0.06543605029582977, 0.0043378532864153385, 0.03020050749182701, -0.016765788197517395, 0.011978400871157646, 0.0009121010662056506, -0.04746716842055321, 0.0030205182265490294, -0.04171445965766907, -0.03703370690345764, 0.05929034575819969, -0.029887622222304344, 0.04453768581151962, 0.014672748744487762, -0.036155834794044495, 0.0209639985114336, 0.10816212743520737, -0.03197283297777176, -0.03132355585694313, -0.0035819627810269594, 0.017129912972450256, -0.04009265825152397, -0.02498365379869938, 0.022106172516942024, 0.009968427941203117, -0.024952882900834084, 0.05341685190796852, 0.017884641885757446, -0.0273398756980896, -0.0018693734891712666, 0.012967521324753761, -0.04205399379134178, 0.006445268169045448, -0.017109008505940437, -0.01945730671286583, -0.027393829077482224, -0.03331950679421425, -0.03420497104525566, -0.027851153165102005, -0.03797857463359833, -0.017973128706216812, -0.004807374440133572, 0.02082997001707554, -0.008636229671537876, -0.03896438702940941, -0.010062593966722488, -0.065583735704422, -0.05374773219227791, -0.06591217964887619, -0.01665598526597023, -0.017271602526307106, -0.0025082826614379883, 0.04456975311040878, -0.00026028353022411466, -0.03360745683312416, -0.03334075212478638, -0.05549260601401329, -0.0018576011061668396, 0.06240520253777504, -0.03794301673769951, -0.022392885759472847, -0.019417401403188705, 0.016118621453642845, 0.0297059528529644, 0.06699921190738678, 0.005933855660259724, -0.01507125236093998, 0.047882381826639175, -0.020239241421222687, 0.01512002944946289, -0.02126438543200493, -0.030764231458306313, -0.0366477333009243, 0.051022689789533615, 0.02369939349591732, 0.010296646505594254, 0.008847021497786045, 0.011506408452987671, -0.05985840782523155, 0.051738668233156204, -0.05461617931723595, 0.01807066798210144, -0.007901547476649284, -0.05233146622776985, 0.010026361793279648, -0.005341887008398771, -0.03648076206445694, 0.061365995556116104, 0.07545024901628494, 0.003009362379088998, -0.02597224712371826, -0.0015687033301219344, 0.048697639256715775, 0.014730152674019337, 0.037097569555044174, 0.03613604977726936, -0.036957308650016785, -0.020934326574206352, -0.02254752442240715, 0.046738576143980026, -0.11537131667137146, -0.02363939769566059, 0.016996268182992935, 0.022856399416923523, -0.010481598787009716, 0.0200404841452837, -0.003299485892057419, 0.04782942682504654, -0.027489785104990005, -0.006069558672606945, 0.018682990223169327, -0.020292207598686218, -0.022197090089321136, 0.009626159444451332, -0.06081344187259674, 0.02654535323381424, -0.021862102672457695, 0.009105944074690342, -0.06092125177383423, -0.03070111572742462, -0.0336126871407032, -0.018198590725660324, 0.020970435813069344, -0.04300827160477638, 0.04533948004245758, 0.04171651974320412, 0.059134069830179214, 0.006853819824755192, 0.018390361219644547, -0.03225165233016014, -0.010754735209047794, 0.01799892447888851, -0.04294336214661598, -0.12244663387537003, 0.029458552598953247, 0.04213033989071846, 0.012554866261780262, -0.011236203834414482, -0.007546651642769575, -0.04409591481089592, 0.022928671911358833, 0.019311049953103065, -0.02350355125963688, -0.040458645671606064, -0.04178163781762123 ]
<p>How to estimate the amount of water condensing from air on a surface, given the air's temperature and relative humidity and how they change over time, the surface temperature, material's thermal properites, roughness and whatever else needs to be given about the air and surface?</p> <p>For my purpose, we may assume the surface starts off dry, but the more general situation would be as interesting. If enough water condenses, it'll form drops and run off - can we account for that? </p> <p>Are there some fairly simple formulas or rules of thumb? High accuracy is not needed; I'll be happy to get grams per sq meter per second (or whatever) to within a factor of two. (What if we wanted higher accuracy?)</p>
g4612
[ 0.02622843161225319, -0.015240190550684929, 0.01214834488928318, 0.032107315957546234, -0.0456993505358696, 0.012385187670588493, 0.041563134640455246, 0.04132918640971184, -0.06725277006626129, 0.02304726652801037, 0.005894010420888662, 0.02888438291847706, 0.026671620085835457, 0.037098225206136703, 0.008269262500107288, 0.025595711544156075, -0.03232469782233238, -0.054796792566776276, 0.045961108058691025, 0.019206758588552475, 0.07553692907094955, -0.08349166065454483, 0.008073236793279648, -0.06245254725217819, -0.12177771329879761, -0.041571881622076035, -0.0174085833132267, 0.010905222967267036, 0.004646132700145245, -0.008758977055549622, -0.06275925785303116, 0.025820178911089897, -0.0216805599629879, -0.007783906534314156, -0.01891680806875229, -0.03718758001923561, -0.010606521740555763, -0.019926192238926888, 0.019407110288739204, -0.05262060463428497, 0.03851478919386864, -0.020739780738949776, -0.03685745969414711, 0.06621936708688736, 0.009397883899509907, -0.02003069594502449, -0.036395080387592316, -0.026359671726822853, -0.006962509360164404, -0.01786990277469158, -0.008022739551961422, 0.059790369123220444, -0.020143620669841766, 0.01243967842310667, -0.09585032612085342, 0.04298321157693863, 0.029356999322772026, 0.0060811396688222885, 0.050719600170850754, 0.014647731557488441, 0.009853211231529713, -0.005410484038293362, -0.02353036403656006, 0.0018534759292379022, 0.055829450488090515, -0.016010921448469162, -0.027721762657165527, -0.04545479640364647, 0.04757627099752426, 0.05236227437853813, -0.011336201801896095, -0.014400623738765717, 0.003922986797988415, 0.026676388457417488, -0.029043065384030342, -0.02405739016830921, -0.053966082632541656, 0.006031002849340439, 0.04558704420924187, -0.026880647987127304, 0.010406563058495522, -0.005008923355489969, 0.021480215713381767, 0.00046053199912421405, 0.04111970216035843, 0.0004300624714232981, 0.012407137081027031, -0.0030250102281570435, -0.0095560597255826, -0.015618393197655678, -0.008262298069894314, 0.026685412973165512, 0.10342656821012497, 0.0001282935991184786, 0.0621795691549778, -0.011863389983773232, -0.050356220453977585, -0.03051583655178547, -0.009526005946099758, 0.03914445638656616, -0.034298431128263474, -0.03436354920268059, 0.02154681086540222, -0.03679714351892471, -0.024613356217741966, 0.041864462196826935, -0.018652252852916718, -0.016641559079289436, -0.019798828288912773, -0.017208557575941086, -0.009794294834136963, 0.006615872029215097, -0.028643660247325897, -0.0029512187466025352, -0.008921464905142784, -0.018570657819509506, 0.005720054265111685, 0.05308527871966362, 0.02061341516673565, 0.015193377621471882, 0.0063020638190209866, 0.04177134111523628, -0.00026761365006677806, 0.0239567793905735, -0.003125762101262808, -0.024112137034535408, 0.025396088138222694, 0.010155055671930313, 0.005424517672508955, 0.00967135839164257, 0.05163022503256798, 0.040959231555461884, -0.019565202295780182, 0.039434827864170074, 0.0012956197606399655, 0.011971457861363888, 0.0010837960289791226, 0.032300323247909546, 0.012015612795948982, -0.04781518504023552, 0.018972711637616158, 0.004939629230648279, -0.030063128098845482, 0.008161417208611965, -0.032884176820516586, 0.014569615013897419, -0.04222836717963219, 0.05232458561658859, 0.016481958329677582, -0.032586704939603806, -0.0038440029602497816, 0.052029382437467575, 0.0682794526219368, -0.02089025266468525, 0.05642397329211235, -0.02224944345653057, -0.0326693058013916, -0.05538749694824219, 0.023246027529239655, 0.001842882833443582, 0.06916100531816483, -0.042520057410001755, 0.024173321202397346, 0.06072961911559105, -0.07246310263872147, 0.017928214743733406, -0.02502318099141121, -0.009285666979849339, 0.0069297985173761845, -0.033862873911857605, -0.03995416685938835, -0.02174396999180317, -0.08451966941356659, -0.027663614600896835, 0.01544476393610239, 0.011019406840205193, 0.1442069411277771, 0.023373983800411224, 0.02974509261548519, -0.014637022279202938, 0.06626494973897934, 0.021468456834554672, -0.013090874999761581, -0.017487846314907074, 0.023224646225571632, -0.00851310696452856, 0.08211222290992737, -0.07361394166946411, -0.027740173041820526, 0.004137493669986725, -0.07037480175495148, -0.013522586785256863, 0.018690980970859528, 0.0052256896160542965, -0.00843592919409275, 0.03630606830120087, 0.056665822863578796, -0.021948756650090218, -0.004327310249209404, 0.016737014055252075, -0.020898383110761642, -0.02930709719657898, 0.01778685860335827, 0.027234142646193504, 0.032192301005125046, 0.07194974273443222, -0.003293515183031559, 0.02987496741116047, 0.028738850727677345, -0.002529625315219164, 0.008251025341451168, -0.009784571826457977, 0.057179003953933716, 0.03294900059700012, 0.04630638659000397, 0.027291368693113327, -0.01785445399582386, -0.009172329679131508, 0.0193594079464674, 0.005452747456729412, 0.017543179914355278, 0.054229337722063065, 0.004319445230066776, 0.05042903497815132, -0.010343239642679691, -0.009716018103063107, 0.01708371564745903, 0.0012496440904214978, 0.008163362741470337, 0.0561111755669117, -0.021655496209859848, -0.0003910908999387175, -0.009569969028234482, 0.008581026457250118, -0.02030165120959282, 0.012845129705965519, -0.04545949026942253, -0.000939711753744632, 0.08564375340938568, -0.013876328244805336, 0.01034926064312458, -0.033232979476451874, -0.04941769316792488, -0.028061002492904663, -0.022451961413025856, -0.016534140333533287, -0.02442103624343872, -0.001810670830309391, 0.0006920514279045165, 0.0020254633855074644, 0.03899625316262245, 0.019187383353710175, -0.03247253969311714, -0.005247754044830799, -0.03375330567359924, -0.052283696830272675, -0.044159047305583954, 0.0061693438328802586, -0.0037762667052447796, -0.02999752014875412, 0.021081162616610527, -0.008006504736840725, 0.0446406714618206, 0.032556552439928055, 0.011928224936127663, -0.014262695796787739, -0.036782559007406235, 0.019436296075582504, 0.009191679768264294, 0.027584463357925415, 0.0908493623137474, -0.02268369495868683, -0.00612178398296237, 0.007925677113234997, -0.025300508365035057, -0.020510677248239517, -0.001131089637055993, 0.029575170949101448, 0.04539577290415764, -0.0084415627643466, 0.02597307227551937, -0.007215631194412708, -0.006721206475049257, 0.035541631281375885, 0.056152381002902985, -0.07968699932098389, 0.01667187549173832, 0.03794581815600395, 0.03445149585604668, -0.0026434853207319975, 0.043106693774461746, -0.013062729500234127, -0.014909043908119202, 0.03352803364396095, -0.039615727961063385, 0.005341168958693743, 0.023721501231193542, 0.03151236101984978, -0.004401238169521093, 0.03313709795475006, 0.012820176780223846, -0.04379672557115555, 0.01870596967637539, -0.016941407695412636, -0.01848471723496914, 0.07178714871406555, -0.0037525524385273457, -0.023746633902192116, 0.05566331744194031, -0.056378234177827835, 0.026258397847414017, 0.024445105344057083, -0.03304454684257507, -0.008980605751276016, -0.024599991738796234, -0.03823953494429588, 0.019437307491898537, -0.017226500436663628, -0.0020074343774467707, -0.0016140990192070603, -0.013787070289254189, -0.04044221341609955, 0.016139671206474304, 0.04758724197745323, -0.00433678925037384, 0.04615841433405876, -0.05980638414621353, 0.03512970730662346, -0.01845025271177292, -0.03826272115111351, 0.015210168436169624, -0.011658781208097935, -0.03487103804945946, -0.03418438881635666, -0.038845255970954895, -0.020160766318440437, 0.038655251264572144, -0.04506991058588028, 0.0022314051166176796, 0.008060837164521217, -0.019306978210806847, -0.014667792245745659, -0.03652193769812584, -0.0035462493542581797, -0.01618754118680954, -0.03350922092795372, -0.014617818407714367, -0.015507614240050316, -0.02915451116859913, -0.03633582964539528, 0.0728360116481781, -0.06289356201887131, 0.006192594766616821, 0.0064002880826592445, -0.0025936192832887173, 0.10280413925647736, 0.029384072870016098, 0.005350983701646328, 0.03637176379561424, 0.007321604993194342, 0.004658200778067112, -0.06473466753959656, 0.04770344868302345, 0.03236331418156624, -0.02572772465646267, -0.09730365127325058, 0.028675375506281853, 0.07498782128095627, -0.03655432164669037, -0.02560528554022312, 0.022252559661865234, 0.006135695613920689, -0.009138458408415318, 0.036290332674980164, 0.008819918148219585, -0.012556856498122215, 0.0274321511387825, 0.007783220615237951, 0.043558474630117416, 0.014627141878008842, -0.03866002708673477, 0.07903394103050232, -0.01232975348830223, 0.009567209519445896, -0.06281759589910507, -0.021884096786379814, -0.03156375512480736, 0.013743653893470764, 0.03500095009803772, -0.09537656605243683, -0.0615774504840374, -0.02916731685400009, -0.007059755269438028, 0.009576091542840004, 0.03269025683403015, -0.01925053633749485, 0.03298906609416008, 0.02477855794131756, -0.05613766983151436, 0.02381877228617668, 0.06455381214618683, 0.006752803921699524, 0.02423831820487976, 0.03637951239943504, 0.01629660092294216, -0.04394003748893738, 0.008018994703888893, -0.05964198708534241, 0.0019960401114076376, 0.03445811942219734, 0.01365363784134388, -0.006296290550380945, 0.036892909556627274, 0.0025781714357435703, 0.032174695283174515, -0.054331593215465546, 0.005989126395434141, -0.044761307537555695, 0.06536877155303955, 0.019945429638028145, 0.007371820043772459, -0.018396472558379173, -0.0030295364558696747, -0.016224902123212814, -0.030484642833471298, -0.005430360324680805, 0.04457239806652069, -0.031306639313697815, -0.02225472405552864, -0.04873742535710335, 0.0010557582136243582, 0.01720842719078064, -0.04261843487620354, 0.03714822605252266, 0.00962916761636734, 0.015367782674729824, 0.028438745066523552, -0.03005710057914257, 0.014492151327431202, -0.016133470460772514, -0.018727365881204605, 0.03653394430875778, -0.024655139073729515, 0.028991352766752243, 0.010448003187775612, 0.05638313665986061, -0.008215239271521568, -0.05958076938986778, 0.03330688551068306, 0.002735587302595377, -0.037798892706632614, 0.005181643180549145, 0.05566486343741417, -0.031463466584682465, -0.06587212532758713, 0.03664005175232887, 0.005576091818511486, 0.012353538535535336, -0.009039637632668018, 0.0058607663959264755, -0.05894548445940018, 0.03903612121939659, 0.01255831215530634, -0.018739555031061172, -0.06178974732756615, -0.0451057031750679, -0.04381761699914932, 0.00196694303303957, -0.023395227268338203, -0.04338332638144493, -0.021688558161258698, -0.005647566635161638, 0.05011424049735069, 0.06051439419388771, 0.009249462746083736, 0.06416173279285431, -0.007526889909058809, -0.02214953862130642, -0.004253210965543985, 0.03177203983068466, 0.016150346025824547, -0.001498350640758872, 0.024940069764852524, 0.05763137713074684, -0.033669136464595795, 0.006960258353501558, 0.008983981795608997, 0.056467849761247635, -0.028689755126833916, -0.03775714710354805, -0.009599105454981327, 0.02603926882147789, 0.028199009597301483, -0.004000402055680752, -0.07925287634134293, -0.05079641938209534, -0.046610042452812195, -0.010448142886161804, 0.018107831478118896, 0.021564768627285957, -0.053446151316165924, 0.08792779594659805, -0.03639012575149536, 0.005164173431694508, 0.01667432300746441, 0.003756752470508218, 0.015167656354606152, -0.07539671659469604, 0.039988793432712555, 0.09944085031747818, 0.011949649080634117, 0.009398008696734905, -0.0002723616489674896, 0.021003738045692444, 0.006916859187185764, -0.04632209613919258, 0.007407544180750847, 0.045067720115184784, -0.06405173242092133, 0.04562360793352127, 0.0438510999083519, -0.035881176590919495, -0.009945360012352467, 0.042443517595529556, -0.03294162452220917, -0.01631997339427471, -0.05013461783528328, -0.06022132188081741, 0.0072144633159041405, 0.008393876254558563, 0.011434166692197323, -0.017768941819667816, -0.06572916358709335, -0.027417311444878578, -0.022644707933068275, 0.011576635763049126, -0.022686563432216644, -0.00420574564486742, 0.08889919519424438, -0.021783143281936646, -0.0566735714673996, 0.013532263226807117, 0.008084187284111977, 0.013949349522590637, 0.06655711680650711, -0.024165308102965355, 0.01645076461136341, -0.008179975673556328, 0.04203961044549942, 0.025664890184998512, -0.0035789746325463057, -0.01278605591505766, 0.038207609206438065, 0.018908919766545296, 0.004229372832924128, 0.019298825412988663, -0.01048214454203844, -0.0019761479925364256, -0.023934561759233475, 0.033269912004470825, 0.05019073560833931, 0.014192449860274792, 0.05848037078976631, 0.0034180856309831142, -0.06488144397735596, 0.005433924496173859, -0.05264576897025108, 0.013423045165836811, -0.0458260253071785, -0.007015249226242304, -0.03020983189344406, -0.04026975855231285, 0.0032470643054693937, -0.05246634781360626, -0.056636013090610504, 0.07210373878479004, -0.02437521331012249, -0.008652394637465477, 0.010577156208455563, -0.010447383858263493, -0.0023231469094753265, 0.005824156105518341, 0.022180287167429924, -0.046008311212062836, -0.012480553239583969, 0.0010299282148480415, -0.026397954672574997, 0.03475172445178032, -0.017567817121744156, 0.07441072165966034, -0.015932340174913406, 0.00824234914034605, 0.004927143454551697, -0.053890880197286606, -0.014628549106419086, -0.05479729175567627, 0.0009021033183671534, 0.041867196559906006, 0.017871743068099022, -0.005539930425584316, 0.03685532510280609, 0.053070858120918274, 0.0340016707777977, -0.08133995532989502, 0.05793507397174835, 0.013613457791507244, 0.03306807950139046, -0.012179332785308361, 0.06159680709242821, -0.06328249722719193, -0.034276511520147324, -0.018568510189652443, 0.025777481496334076, -0.004650618880987167, -0.017780210822820663, -0.061595674604177475, 0.04134194180369377, 0.08558420836925507, 0.030844083055853844, -0.03104405291378498, 0.016923673450946808, 0.03055129386484623, 0.020590219646692276, -0.05772620812058449, 0.0031732365023344755, 0.009222927503287792, 0.023525666445493698, 0.05628373846411705, 0.023025255650281906, 0.03188537806272507, 0.03482019901275635, -0.007771796081215143, -0.03251892700791359, 0.00042489025508984923, -0.04264049977064133, 0.08633121848106384, -0.05113044008612633, 0.027180124074220657, 0.04195203259587288, 0.033660322427749634, -0.02173377014696598, -0.013258135877549648, -0.0163497906178236, 0.06325769424438477, -0.0355113185942173, -0.06394345313310623, -0.012585590593516827, -0.051379889249801636, -0.0370209626853466, -0.03411727026104927, 0.008876373060047626, -0.13789008557796478, -0.006449492182582617, 0.02813328243792057, 0.0031354643870145082, 0.04547946900129318, 0.041865408420562744, -0.014464648440480232, -0.020824473351240158, 0.01481556985527277, -0.0421435721218586, -0.06832116097211838, 0.04616817831993103, 0.01401437260210514, 0.000648729270324111, 0.06955774128437042, 0.008532609790563583, 0.012617030180990696, 0.02538680098950863, -0.058846600353717804, -0.004930444061756134, -0.055886320769786835, 0.012752792797982693, -0.025987699627876282, 0.00016310611681547016, 0.0018754495540633798, 0.024070555344223976, 0.002517544198781252, -0.014859028160572052, 0.03672453388571739, -0.036965545266866684, -0.00009374718501931056, -0.005376409739255905, -0.022625545039772987, 0.024406665936112404, -0.004589547403156757, -0.011777421459555626, 0.042739082127809525, 0.04120446369051933, -0.027888882905244827, -0.004631403833627701, -0.0221694428473711, -0.00954299233853817, -0.002590117510408163, -0.053829044103622437, -0.03285941109061241, 0.10809317231178284, -0.0571274571120739, 0.028924886137247086, -0.005315196700394154, 0.010019307024776936, 0.012018771842122078, 0.01517088059335947, -0.04695698618888855, -0.015187515877187252, -0.015185891650617123, -0.024410920217633247, -0.029840316623449326, 0.005767987575381994, -0.017278295010328293, -0.008756298571825027, 0.0066875978372991085, -0.013049254193902016, -0.014926964417099953, -0.045367058366537094, -0.04085966944694519, -0.05851458013057709, -0.06613461673259735, -0.025462975725531578, -0.024126026779413223, -0.061935700476169586, -0.04625999927520752, -0.013085879385471344, -0.01779528148472309, 0.052428971976041794, 0.014351608231663704, 0.0014257984003052115, 0.017521550878882408, 0.024383021518588066, 0.03603339567780495, -0.021098677068948746, 0.020402615889906883, 0.020235132426023483, -0.012269754894077778, 0.020593887194991112, 0.025172637775540352, 0.07880204170942307, -0.028698375448584557, -0.05911599472165108, 0.0008385740802623332, -0.018214423209428787, 0.01731889136135578, 0.04356149956583977, -0.05363111570477486, 0.013054030016064644, -0.061704669147729874, 0.0393594391644001, 0.03207753971219063, 0.06787343323230743, -0.06645084917545319, 0.0022493035066872835, 0.05741493031382561, 0.05076194182038307, -0.023162247613072395, -0.039651136845350266, -0.07945878803730011, -0.00850006379187107, -0.00799292791634798, 0.009511014446616173, -0.01239628903567791, -0.07111091166734695, -0.02994966320693493, 0.01854347251355648, -0.011995150707662106, -0.0114296181127429, 0.00818614475429058, -0.028264883905649185, -0.008088620379567146 ]
<p>Also the side question is how many Joules is one photon (any between 450-660nm). Thank you</p> <p>P.S. I am asking because I want to estimate how much thermal energy should be dissipated by LED when part of known energy is emitted as light.</p> <p>P.S. Got an answer from Robert. Thank you. So those 6500 Lumen 100Watt white LED arrays emit about 9 watt of energy in photons alone and rest 91W goes into heat. Not bad.</p>
g4613
[ -0.014813263900578022, 0.023944025859236717, 0.020711183547973633, 0.010502721183001995, -0.003484866116195917, -0.07602773606777191, 0.03799300268292427, 0.07479777187108994, 0.0023569536861032248, 0.002642550738528371, 0.0033562781754881144, 0.075205497443676, -0.047197964042425156, 0.013242094777524471, -0.0531415194272995, -0.027679109945893288, 0.0567861944437027, -0.020792091265320778, 0.07365147024393082, 0.10051830857992172, -0.054579414427280426, -0.04328054562211037, -0.06815176457166672, -0.04364427551627159, -0.009565220214426517, 0.011025003157556057, 0.0022177896462380886, 0.00562104769051075, -0.04891204833984375, -0.05979858711361885, 0.022817283868789673, 0.01213481742888689, 0.04412491247057915, 0.006374119780957699, -0.05252448096871376, 0.01640048436820507, 0.02577131614089012, -0.034970127046108246, -0.007201727479696274, -0.021553320810198784, -0.03288307040929794, 0.023081162944436073, 0.06461737304925919, 0.044117264449596405, 0.039857372641563416, -0.03306609019637108, 0.023345250636339188, -0.008541278541088104, 0.003214066382497549, 0.022204997017979622, 0.011218398809432983, 0.011375452391803265, 0.0172110702842474, 0.02185910753905773, 0.02695862390100956, -0.01711445488035679, -0.06396448612213135, -0.027792129665613174, 0.023691799491643906, 0.042527392506599426, -0.005589228589087725, -0.02956319786608219, -0.049008775502443314, -0.02256045490503311, 0.033515237271785736, 0.00563634792342782, -0.01607811078429222, -0.01609417237341404, -0.0015643868828192353, -0.01393478736281395, 0.09015973657369614, 0.04419611021876335, 0.001444717519916594, 0.015527944080531597, 0.030286818742752075, -0.02701391652226448, 0.03246314078569412, 0.0035570613108575344, -0.01433449238538742, 0.014810029417276382, -0.04015549272298813, -0.0324908122420311, 0.003583412617444992, -0.03821222111582756, 0.023851880803704262, 0.014332635328173637, -0.05214966461062431, -0.0018470146460458636, -0.0046693566255271435, 0.009799723513424397, 0.06021715700626373, 0.05016699060797691, 0.1068209782242775, 0.005015199538320303, 0.050276607275009155, -0.023016365244984627, 0.016702109947800636, 0.008159643039107323, -0.0015750081511214375, -0.027540940791368484, 0.046750351786613464, 0.0035579639952629805, -0.05120103061199188, 0.023164818063378334, 0.01689489185810089, -0.0328206829726696, -0.004006996750831604, -0.05593351274728775, -0.05151160806417465, 0.06159302219748497, -0.023007571697235107, -0.054270416498184204, -0.06609103828668594, -0.001117104315198958, -0.017940692603588104, -0.015916548669338226, 0.07529260218143463, -0.07746345549821854, 0.01037695910781622, 0.05968070030212402, 0.0392974354326725, 0.013515152968466282, -0.012879244983196259, -0.009121238254010677, 0.045558858662843704, 0.010876002721488476, 0.032871827483177185, -0.016534501686692238, -0.02805771864950657, 0.011790338903665543, -0.00269603100605309, -0.015115146525204182, -0.07596305757761002, 0.059782955795526505, 0.03504224866628647, 0.06534083932638168, 0.0061757187359035015, -0.0033283024094998837, -0.01956910267472267, 0.018149513751268387, 0.043989330530166626, -0.00028532370924949646, 0.033002905547618866, 0.002655956195667386, 0.01420523226261139, 0.014003685675561428, -0.03674033284187317, 0.04025673121213913, 0.008780019357800484, 0.11213628947734833, 0.07724747061729431, 0.040517937391996384, 0.009064044803380966, -0.11414165049791336, 0.028530815616250038, -0.036409225314855576, -0.01721704564988613, -0.00620536832138896, -0.0744866281747818, 0.0054439944215118885, -0.004981948994100094, 0.0468466579914093, 0.10388636589050293, -0.018088052049279213, -0.010519025847315788, -0.035381097346544266, -0.0004513378080446273, -0.041896119713783264, -0.010817612521350384, -0.01602889411151409, -0.0034937767777591944, 0.005413215607404709, -0.04269680753350258, 0.011562313884496689, -0.009252136573195457, 0.0019968152046203613, 0.013467471115291119, -0.007196118123829365, -0.005941371433436871, -0.002466735430061817, 0.013724235817790031, 0.00037500090547837317, 0.03822401911020279, -0.028791336342692375, 0.002164153615012765, -0.005288893822580576, -0.03178806230425835, -0.005482266191393137, -0.009798096492886543, 0.05224807932972908, -0.02308790199458599, 0.0003662653616629541, 0.04618800804018974, -0.029866183176636696, -0.036835674196481705, -0.0008790873689576983, 0.045326001942157745, -0.021477196365594864, -0.007249702233821154, 0.0034793505910784006, -0.009355904534459114, 0.02156367525458336, -0.0659039095044136, -0.014876584522426128, 0.04898449406027794, 0.016048161312937737, 0.019653931260108948, 0.005320818163454533, 0.008365927264094353, -0.07189187407493591, -0.011045466177165508, 0.0007397412555292249, 0.027442047372460365, 0.027478128671646118, 0.03375890851020813, -0.020134547725319862, -0.013573846779763699, -0.014843499287962914, -0.009691976942121983, 0.03404480218887329, 0.0031313709914684296, 0.02072509191930294, 0.051701635122299194, -0.033720463514328, -0.03569159284234047, -0.005739027168601751, -0.07549432665109634, 0.0033654365688562393, 0.010045747272670269, 0.0401604101061821, -0.10203158855438232, 0.02759941667318344, -0.015042086131870747, -0.04421033337712288, 0.0514240525662899, 0.00025435391580685973, -0.06097648665308952, -0.024883003905415535, -0.00539008341729641, -0.02465927042067051, 0.03717454895377159, 0.006727027241140604, 0.0162011981010437, 0.007727202493697405, -0.044123101979494095, -0.044756241142749786, 0.024150878190994263, -0.039016544818878174, 0.01897309347987175, 0.022396910935640335, -0.04518146812915802, -0.023811347782611847, 0.013986245729029179, 0.02941989153623581, -0.033626098185777664, -0.01962919719517231, -0.037339214235544205, 0.006088774185627699, -0.033414602279663086, -0.027457106858491898, -0.0053295292891561985, -0.1252651810646057, -0.06370573490858078, -0.033476583659648895, 0.044607989490032196, -0.03449489548802376, 0.017107363790273666, -0.06670939922332764, 0.03441498428583145, 0.011029795743525028, 0.0026251170784235, 0.0260136928409338, 0.0017366032116115093, -0.022185450419783592, 0.058759238570928574, 0.028775133192539215, 0.0026366745587438345, 0.00753271346911788, -0.010890752077102661, -0.034671276807785034, 0.03221782296895981, -0.010489767417311668, -0.061355773359537125, -0.0015508770011365414, 0.0241807010024786, -0.12475631386041641, 0.014354346320033073, -0.010426645167171955, 0.008068124763667583, 0.05287637561559677, -0.06165207549929619, -0.01508301217108965, -0.0018734580371528864, -0.04205493628978729, -0.02375197596848011, 0.008425799198448658, 0.041385333985090256, 0.00960647501051426, -0.024888090789318085, -0.016975833103060722, -0.000045681903429795057, -0.044916871935129166, -0.034099966287612915, -0.05571332201361656, -0.02778063714504242, 0.019659729674458504, -0.03551285341382027, -0.034302856773138046, 0.015008619986474514, -0.023559575900435448, -0.009679851122200489, 0.01798665151000023, 0.009149924851953983, 0.045857738703489304, -0.054833441972732544, -0.025249268859624863, 0.012250478379428387, -0.05385478585958481, -0.015801353380084038, 0.04169148951768875, 0.008593038655817509, 0.03301174193620682, 0.030650537461042404, -0.012799450196325779, -0.02899664081633091, -0.010284356772899628, 0.043901026248931885, -0.030878039076924324, 0.044225726276636124, 0.03135085478425026, -0.022842224687337875, 0.01211582776159048, -0.05999878793954849, 0.023533809930086136, 0.03723637014627457, 0.012953292578458786, -0.062391940504312515, 0.02121061272919178, 0.05187911167740822, 0.018867993727326393, -0.07023069262504578, -0.007921158336102962, -0.04170850291848183, -0.016702663153409958, 0.05808883532881737, 0.03221691772341728, -0.03720413148403168, -0.01933326944708824, 0.01644650474190712, -0.04907923564314842, 0.043854858726263046, -0.04440811648964882, -0.029750457033514977, -0.05585769936442375, -0.06820115447044373, 0.06013021990656853, -0.04489734396338463, 0.09815206378698349, 0.03533751145005226, 0.0031354068778455257, 0.019013727083802223, 0.0025803467724472284, 0.06199871376156807, -0.05091222748160362, -0.022636808454990387, 0.013472940772771835, -0.011004290543496609, 0.0331198051571846, 0.014234254136681557, 0.004426027648150921, -0.058977652341127396, 0.02295825071632862, -0.03479507938027382, -0.028990285471081734, -0.013876835815608501, 0.013062357902526855, 0.009983627125620842, 0.014380757696926594, -0.036570459604263306, 0.050465404987335205, -0.02937249280512333, -0.028747232630848885, -0.01734393648803234, -0.002355169504880905, -0.030399486422538757, 0.010784744285047054, -0.017734216526150703, -0.011921092867851257, 0.017757892608642578, -0.03766482695937157, 0.0006965154316276312, -0.029986189678311348, -0.0076548028737306595, -0.009014461189508438, -0.00032916179043240845, -0.04691698029637337, 0.024819716811180115, 0.0042035807855427265, 0.0043993680737912655, 0.03573281690478325, 0.04255111515522003, 0.0637919157743454, 0.08648300915956497, -0.019314821809530258, 0.009909942746162415, 0.04628380015492439, 0.04739682003855705, -0.03248106688261032, -0.007750530261546373, 0.0034293506760150194, -0.035877127200365067, 0.00982970092445612, 0.027027491480112076, -0.016508735716342926, 0.019512470811605453, 0.0022275580558925867, 0.03697776421904564, -0.01064209546893835, 0.07346800714731216, 0.008309006690979004, 0.009952887892723083, -0.016195403411984444, -0.05479364097118378, -0.027851184830069542, 0.0023140059784054756, 0.11069202423095703, 0.016094978898763657, -0.019895171746611595, 0.00649854214861989, -0.01762581057846546, 0.09436223655939102, -0.01382338535040617, -0.03160427510738373, 0.0033058193512260914, -0.04219795763492584, 0.02239341475069523, 0.033524323254823685, 0.02258194051682949, 0.008834385313093662, 0.006669160444289446, 0.010614623315632343, -0.04614169895648956, 0.016723932698369026, -0.026877863332629204, 0.023208094760775566, 0.018479835242033005, 0.007967568002641201, -0.01372344046831131, -0.06088526174426079, -0.0558338426053524, -0.0003857470874208957, -0.0028338308911770582, -0.060260675847530365, -0.0340297594666481, 0.00103376479819417, -0.0055328733287751675, 0.004139110445976257, -0.02502444013953209, 0.06619463115930557, 0.08220067620277405, -0.04510210081934929, -0.019816718995571136, 0.026332780718803406, -0.02271142229437828, 0.02970695309340954, 0.0016938084736466408, -0.049005694687366486, 0.01773485355079174, 0.017744479700922966, -0.04205753654241562, -0.007173494435846806, -0.017550164833664894, -0.0272253155708313, 0.04008615016937256, -0.03968952223658562, -0.042991116642951965, -0.030071362853050232, -0.062457747757434845, 0.023184748366475105, 0.04702761769294739, -0.0022093630395829678, -0.01192481815814972, -0.014932560734450817, 0.016289664432406425, 0.018844405189156532, 0.0009679611539468169, -0.03342723101377487, 0.01589891128242016, 0.05922401323914528, -0.01023192796856165, -0.06897351890802383, 0.018664581701159477, -0.018119435757398605, -0.020860813558101654, -0.03936312720179558, 0.03199462592601776, -0.010009069927036762, -0.02093259058892727, -0.030094673857092857, 0.09310097247362137, -0.02319095842540264, -0.014995765872299671, -0.053577620536088943, -0.04375256225466728, -0.03240049257874489, 0.017968052998185158, 0.0003494325210340321, -0.03214854747056961, -0.009171049110591412, 0.046679913997650146, -0.014634199440479279, 0.014256863854825497, 0.027737213298678398, -0.011642232537269592, -0.01152798067778349, -0.06778797507286072, -0.008035075850784779, 0.01506046298891306, 0.03506792336702347, 0.01653115265071392, 0.022642696276307106, 0.03400009498000145, 0.020160943269729614, 0.07013960182666779, 0.018999166786670685, -0.022485433146357536, -0.043819814920425415, -0.009222133085131645, 0.02295198105275631, -0.021178731694817543, 0.022518545389175415, -0.013930976390838623, -0.05342542752623558, 0.012795943766832352, -0.008586600422859192, -0.02399905025959015, 0.023053618147969246, 0.0014082090929150581, 0.005046512931585312, 0.000060623329773079604, -0.04417034238576889, 0.026992904022336006, 0.006775565445423126, 0.0614648312330246, 0.04550939053297043, -0.03356083109974861, -0.003320513293147087, -0.04648713022470474, 0.010337893851101398, 0.03077235445380211, 0.08234526962041855, 0.04522695019841194, 0.05707208439707756, -0.01193324662744999, 0.0288525577634573, -0.0042124055325984955, 0.024995915591716766, 0.012080738320946693, 0.04625760391354561, 0.002663287566974759, 0.017826654016971588, 0.07311254739761353, -0.03738310560584068, 0.00904657319188118, 0.027776066213846207, -0.03323183208703995, -0.043256111443042755, -0.09539058059453964, -0.020880326628684998, 0.047072913497686386, 0.08588208258152008, -0.00949926022440195, -0.019914641976356506, -0.02513357810676098, 0.002065107924863696, 0.055714063346385956, 0.012908737175166607, -0.048337068408727646, -0.05041058361530304, -0.013379133306443691, 0.018009718507528305, 0.0171316210180521, 0.025539444759488106, -0.015531552024185658, 0.02701905183494091, 0.015795603394508362, 0.0032466594129800797, 0.0445864200592041, 0.012486662715673447, -0.020770128816366196, 0.011402765288949013, -0.018755894154310226, 0.04287121817469597, 0.02030990831553936, -0.02098771743476391, -0.02942860871553421, -0.0021948935464024544, 0.014215592294931412, 0.007589529734104872, -0.008163091726601124, -0.02356862649321556, 0.015688369050621986, -0.05307237431406975, -0.0003364193835295737, 0.06478986889123917, -0.006677074357867241, -0.04472135007381439, -0.002952154027298093, -0.004519452806562185, 0.017591413110494614, -0.0016839600866660476, 0.02279440127313137, 0.008423841558396816, 0.03957648575305939, 0.02613096311688423, -0.039996374398469925, 0.0042332978919148445, 0.01794634759426117, -0.020922407507896423, 0.04328085109591484, -0.01952417567372322, -0.0851806104183197, 0.012164315208792686, 0.0298551544547081, -0.004577476531267166, 0.11185508966445923, -0.004441497381776571, 0.07705637812614441, 0.03223690390586853, 0.022062385454773903, -0.02186516672372818, 0.008351335301995277, 0.033216796815395355, 0.03353435546159744, 0.06463392823934555, -0.017373783513903618, -0.04534301534295082, -0.010814235545694828, 0.00040644092950969934, 0.0076575325801968575, -0.008965427055954933, -0.0027662503998726606, 0.04451526701450348, 0.04330826178193092, -0.04042753577232361, 0.09972857683897018, -0.015729956328868866, 0.04129580408334732, 0.04839865118265152, 0.04705051705241203, -0.004578317515552044, -0.039451032876968384, -0.032812148332595825, 0.016661755740642548, -0.02690821699798107, 0.04022382199764252, -0.03658479452133179, 0.01202757004648447, -0.04592500999569893, -0.021902987733483315, 0.04409891739487648, 0.047004103660583496, 0.010282705537974834, 0.024235643446445465, 0.016712041571736336, -0.006267823278903961, 0.07424596697092056, -0.0018086114432662725, -0.03339175134897232, -0.03719320520758629, -0.028229255229234695, -0.013055793009698391, -0.029345951974391937, -0.05284528806805611, -0.046649180352687836, -0.018127430230379105, -0.023730235174298286, 0.023380201309919357, -0.004699584562331438, -0.040172502398490906, -0.05116784945130348, 0.03282802179455757, -0.028522690758109093, 0.008627213537693024, 0.008666257373988628, 0.026141582056879997, 0.00893118791282177, -0.03561145439743996, 0.042442984879016876, 0.02931675873696804, -0.07276542484760284, -0.04075273498892784, 0.030913636088371277, -0.03169934079051018, -0.019402973353862762, 0.03413030877709389, -0.0068444497883319855, -0.02170058712363243, 0.0341130867600441, 0.06743090599775314, -0.00340714817866683, 0.01618805155158043, 0.02051570452749729, -0.05026204138994217, -0.05292806029319763, 0.03577969968318939, 0.00551220728084445, 0.0035829150583595037, 0.010839427821338177, -0.024547383189201355, 0.005290151108056307, -0.0058987755328416824, 0.0495794415473938, 0.06328760087490082, 0.008921394124627113, -0.004261076916009188, -0.08299132436513901, 0.01263471320271492, 0.045347169041633606, 0.0005083606229163706, 0.01182992197573185, 0.01484000589698553, -0.029674742370843887, 0.007141507230699062, 0.03274151310324669, -0.037179797887802124, 0.023502802476286888, 0.022901002317667007, 0.010565255768597126, -0.012909573502838612, -0.01789596863090992, -0.008170921355485916, -0.027317969128489494, -0.040941715240478516, -0.029785608872771263, 0.03941360116004944, 0.058275140821933746, 0.006718209944665432, 0.0009277043864130974, 0.03464680537581444, 0.032738957554101944, -0.023708799853920937, -0.025791918858885765, -0.043903425335884094, 0.016369836404919624, -0.07688350230455399, -0.05377864092588425, 0.04244300723075867, 0.0315193347632885, -0.017607932910323143, 0.003565246006473899, 0.0267617329955101, -0.04338107258081436, 0.049456339329481125, 0.04333384707570076, -0.05627797544002533, -0.022315645590424538, -0.010531469248235226, -0.01793246902525425, -0.00968426838517189, -0.0009210944990627468, -0.017780577763915062, 0.010137955658137798, 0.00805611815303564, 0.0458279512822628, -0.018923915922641754, -0.019665654748678207, -0.06313057988882065 ]
<p>Cellular automata provide interesting models of physics: Google Scholar gives more than 25,000 results when searching for <a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22cellular+automata%22+physics&amp;hl=en&amp;btnG=Search&amp;as_sdt=2001&amp;as_sdtp=on">"cellular automata" physics</a>.</p> <p>Google Scholar still gives more than 2.000 results when searching for <a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&amp;q=%22quantum+cellular+automata%22&amp;btnG=Search&amp;as_sdt=2000&amp;as_ylo=&amp;as_vis=0">"quantum cellular automata"</a>.</p> <p>But it gives only <a href="http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=sab-9fGPCEcC&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PA1&amp;dq=%22relativistic+cellular+automata%22&amp;ots=rG9eoNgPYh&amp;sig=ZNQpI-0B-0S2358zX9To-h4NtdI#v=onepage&amp;q=%22relativistic%20cellular%20automata%22&amp;f=false">1</a> (one!) result when searching for <a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&amp;q=%22relativistic+cellular+automata%22&amp;btnG=Search&amp;as_sdt=2000&amp;as_ylo=&amp;as_vis=0">"relativistic cellular automata"</a>, i.e. cellular automata with a (discrete) Minkoswki space-time instead of an Euclidean one.</p> <blockquote> <p>How can this be understood? </p> <p>Why does the concept of QCA seem more promising than that of RCA?</p> <p>Are there conceptual or technical barriers for a thorough treatment of RCA?</p> </blockquote>
g4614
[ -0.00560096837580204, 0.022750265896320343, 0.004251816309988499, -0.047713518142700195, 0.06947464495897293, -0.05224385857582092, 0.02196384221315384, -0.02370816469192505, -0.035243310034275055, 0.005273652728646994, 0.05246619135141373, 0.009044625796377659, 0.03936032950878143, 0.0013982641976326704, -0.02358228713274002, -0.02391347661614418, 0.02371012233197689, 0.028507383540272713, -0.002469623228535056, 0.05013492330908775, -0.025307418778538704, -0.028874514624476433, 0.026969963684678078, -0.046150125563144684, -0.04564748331904411, -0.01941247656941414, 0.007539977319538593, -0.032426003366708755, -0.057396259158849716, 0.0169457346200943, 0.003040221519768238, -0.07424483448266983, 0.04632556810975075, -0.1145433783531189, -0.023829219862818718, -0.025884512811899185, 0.03616409748792648, -0.026190288364887238, 0.010288095101714134, 0.03393854573369026, 0.03489319607615471, 0.021436244249343872, -0.024891531094908714, 0.01850978285074234, 0.011040321551263332, 0.00089818867854774, -0.044428206980228424, -0.0016419925959780812, -0.026188338175415993, -0.02656375803053379, -0.007002014666795731, 0.051712896674871445, 0.037118736654520035, 0.04420354217290878, 0.05723026767373085, 0.03177672624588013, -0.017055729404091835, -0.0005076378001831472, 0.0371004156768322, -0.009332043118774891, -0.015963546931743622, 0.07815206050872803, -0.01538372877985239, -0.000057763532822718844, 0.06812749803066254, -0.027860581874847412, -0.018997522071003914, -0.008241741918027401, -0.009615445509552956, 0.005634194239974022, 0.025018639862537384, -0.10639891773462296, -0.01185491681098938, 0.016489656642079353, -0.010245498269796371, 0.007722347974777222, -0.04638202488422394, 0.01777876913547516, 0.027239913120865822, 0.03253554552793503, -0.07353462278842926, -0.00916528981178999, 0.002314420649781823, 0.02567242830991745, 0.010092138312757015, -0.001728427829220891, -0.014056870713829994, -0.007323085330426693, 0.04812724515795708, 0.02736623026430607, 0.009475133381783962, -0.03627656772732735, 0.09319666773080826, -0.012059112079441547, -0.03203887492418289, 0.016162220388650894, -0.042215991765260696, 0.0006016173283569515, -0.033697113394737244, 0.05029073357582092, -0.02135111205279827, 0.018694113940000534, 0.04637320712208748, 0.006581345573067665, -0.05082758888602257, 0.007245271932333708, 0.007847270928323269, -0.00075726822251454, -0.03419538214802742, 0.01562800258398056, -0.03887702524662018, 0.00795376393944025, -0.028144679963588715, 0.022695105522871017, -0.05389634892344475, -0.022109532728791237, 0.08954375237226486, -0.009725767187774181, 0.0058707064017653465, -0.01055893488228321, -0.009280632250010967, 0.041289154440164566, 0.03241414204239845, 0.030916322022676468, -0.023413460701704025, 0.01975233294069767, 0.015456371940672398, 0.03699224442243576, 0.005694814026355743, -0.0024738458450883627, 0.01739242859184742, -0.021898599341511726, -0.02478095144033432, 0.03376871347427368, -0.013896982185542583, 0.04060522839426994, -0.06470556557178497, 0.004139457363635302, -0.007280758116394281, 0.03323201835155487, 0.018123343586921692, -0.022788861766457558, 0.007817670702934265, -0.014978736639022827, -0.018286151811480522, -0.07159620523452759, -0.05138538405299187, 0.030094578862190247, -0.01243015006184578, -0.025770949199795723, 0.00023318429884966463, 0.04138210415840149, 0.010811364278197289, -0.012541691772639751, 0.011514871381223202, 0.07389688491821289, 0.037162624299526215, -0.002567645628005266, -0.02001488022506237, -0.011325634084641933, 0.025774938985705376, -0.027065865695476532, -0.05932816118001938, -0.011561406776309013, -0.04573653265833855, 0.034852832555770874, 0.023929651826620102, -0.09521051496267319, 0.031408146023750305, -0.03751327842473984, 0.0007394324638880789, -0.014346137642860413, 0.04213162884116173, 0.08310963213443756, 0.041087228804826736, 0.08236908912658691, -0.010572769679129124, -0.047527387738227844, 0.0016499453922733665, -0.016262205317616463, 0.015400005504488945, -0.050659578293561935, 0.007272806018590927, 0.016977688297629356, -0.023055579513311386, 0.011611835099756718, -0.06585802137851715, 0.027691872790455818, -0.027923274785280228, -0.03596144914627075, 0.01232033222913742, -0.03547271341085434, -0.008520991541445255, 0.023622142150998116, -0.002468588063493371, 0.03272482752799988, -0.026988724246621132, -0.03938470408320427, -0.012234484776854515, -0.03575490042567253, 0.034363601356744766, -0.027616102248430252, 0.07193315774202347, 0.01879175938665867, 0.058873310685157776, -0.029340479522943497, 0.015936732292175293, -0.015266385860741138, 0.017687028273940086, -0.03569868579506874, 0.026032838970422745, -0.030693067237734795, -0.013330785557627678, 0.06811665743589401, 0.018780356273055077, -0.07421892881393433, 0.039354320615530014, -0.025405054911971092, -0.010947706177830696, 0.05067398399114609, -0.011348790489137173, -0.047908965498209, -0.01284304354339838, 0.03262581303715706, -0.06592292338609695, -0.021414561197161674, -0.008715547621250153, -0.004468191880732775, -0.00011021416139556095, 0.006211495958268642, -0.07613667100667953, 0.017283359542489052, -0.04309439659118652, -0.054311223328113556, 0.03312477469444275, 0.0482383631169796, -0.000516780826728791, 0.018091652542352676, 0.007993128150701523, -0.02008739486336708, -0.016928253695368767, -0.009250392206013203, -0.03096800483763218, 0.01088668592274189, 0.009880869649350643, -0.12374234199523926, 0.014474157243967056, 0.00276841945014894, 0.008938192389905453, 0.009496647864580154, 0.021891247481107712, 0.0059717632830142975, -0.0979357361793518, -0.019662003964185715, 0.03790507838129997, -0.029261555522680283, 0.06114036589860916, 0.04663732647895813, -0.007302905898541212, 0.06869814544916153, 0.05017001926898956, 0.016227472573518753, -0.0629650205373764, -0.012081647291779518, 0.019649788737297058, -0.02429262176156044, -0.01103366632014513, -0.016023745760321617, -0.05175364390015602, -0.0029314018320292234, -0.0508771687746048, 0.050235942006111145, 0.06861194223165512, -0.03660646453499794, 0.013478291220963001, 0.013311595655977726, -0.02582463249564171, -0.01615983061492443, 0.02973111905157566, -0.05231262370944023, -0.011882470920681953, -0.045502398163080215, -0.05067449063062668, -0.016902917996048927, -0.01370263658463955, -0.006443781778216362, -0.005484499968588352, 0.009209086187183857, 0.02238190546631813, 0.030791940167546272, 0.010485990904271603, 0.032040055841207504, 0.04114373400807381, -0.01362480130046606, -0.05955500528216362, 0.06203095242381096, -0.01767711713910103, -0.02904883399605751, -0.009624450467526913, 0.05842333287000656, 0.0010620896937325597, 0.007868081331253052, 0.015048585832118988, 0.034952521324157715, -0.01916007697582245, -0.013585951179265976, -0.005569325760006905, 0.005037934985011816, 0.03110797330737114, 0.0025589701253920794, 0.05609655752778053, 0.02996215596795082, -0.01324284914880991, -0.055337052792310715, -0.02265949174761772, -0.011291305534541607, -0.01240906398743391, 0.025633512064814568, 0.03325003385543823, 0.0101175457239151, 0.016719847917556763, -0.01562124490737915, -0.018001973628997803, -0.026518022641539574, 0.06761245429515839, 0.03260981664061546, -0.05634849891066551, 0.02773832343518734, 0.003245463827624917, -0.06653871387243271, 0.06414756178855896, 0.028921429067850113, 0.03515593335032463, -0.05291687324643135, -0.12428224086761475, -0.08614924550056458, -0.08127307891845703, 0.003541001118719578, 0.0029209901113063097, -0.0627836063504219, -0.05403560400009155, -0.005927504040300846, -0.003932246472686529, -0.003818040480837226, 0.009258506819605827, 0.04352802038192749, 0.027898771688342094, 0.012197115458548069, 0.015146753750741482, -0.007278413977473974, 0.012491513043642044, -0.011105002835392952, -0.018341150134801865, -0.019572829827666283, -0.028065742924809456, 0.06865858286619186, -0.020969156175851822, 0.024671899154782295, 0.054936639964580536, -0.0034962156787514687, 0.015354680828750134, -0.023673424497246742, 0.036417052149772644, -0.019859444350004196, -0.020015999674797058, 0.06355296075344086, 0.03217600658535957, 0.07300429791212082, -0.005064822267740965, -0.0044041783548891544, 0.020400360226631165, -0.00047484561218880117, -0.022241011261940002, -0.004922233987599611, 0.04149061068892479, -0.0014033172046765685, -0.0034067234955728054, -0.02369370311498642, -0.037795089185237885, 0.013990278355777264, -0.013239901512861252, -0.020190494135022163, -0.006762553937733173, -0.02356352098286152, 0.03638310730457306, 0.014296907931566238, -0.009263874031603336, -0.03386393189430237, -0.08999867737293243, -0.01526482030749321, -0.040958259254693985, 0.058716241270303726, -0.04103456065058708, 0.03917471319437027, -0.017667163163423538, -0.017672477290034294, 0.022350415587425232, 0.055104851722717285, 0.0014533654320985079, 0.006491443607956171, 0.01102443877607584, -0.03800976648926735, -0.015714196488261223, 0.010010634548962116, 0.02956356294453144, -0.019220560789108276, -0.019939452409744263, 0.009604967199265957, -0.026442021131515503, -0.020929567515850067, -0.07405441254377365, 0.035950105637311935, 0.030299408361315727, -0.08683595061302185, 0.047226451337337494, 0.04502738267183304, 0.009987118653953075, -0.00594270508736372, -0.009685393422842026, 0.009807947091758251, -0.021446261554956436, 0.0042387014254927635, 0.043062347918748856, -0.006721465382725, 0.01556876115500927, 0.04746289178729057, 0.003042367286980152, 0.02789517305791378, 0.03563173860311508, -0.03775675222277641, 0.07236941158771515, -0.013363722711801529, 0.0008311293204315007, 0.04670529067516327, -0.026112493127584457, 0.051846735179424286, -0.004284359980374575, 0.08371304720640182, 0.03864981234073639, -0.004584646318107843, 0.049074672162532806, -0.012705926783382893, 0.030642693862318993, 0.006498250178992748, 0.002470768289640546, 0.03039451129734516, -0.0331793949007988, 0.03636321425437927, -0.06862738728523254, 0.0053443582728505135, 0.037639517337083817, -0.001326670404523611, -0.0030401444528251886, -0.01013636402785778, -0.006532734259963036, -0.022506259381771088, -0.03349160775542259, 0.03092481568455696, 0.0506717823445797, 0.04137676954269409, -0.03361138701438904, -0.011391595005989075, -0.033180780708789825, 0.030064979568123817, 0.03745539113879204, 0.012754455208778381, -0.020188361406326294, 0.022221500054001808, -0.05012105777859688, -0.03883260488510132, 0.009609312750399113, 0.01869083195924759, -0.015458258800208569, 0.0066510760225355625, -0.020777320489287376, -0.005702969152480364, -0.007669203449040651, 0.0005467692972160876, -0.026259247213602066, 0.014582445845007896, -0.009270353242754936, -0.00006139759352663532, -0.0609750971198082, 0.049031756818294525, 0.018021732568740845, 0.037531156092882156, 0.020952148362994194, 0.012166102416813374, -0.004232452251017094, -0.032234739512205124, 0.013594853691756725, -0.01990641839802265, 0.031425006687641144, -0.016875801607966423, -0.0693952664732933, -0.05744615197181702, 0.0032975892536342144, 0.0019056082237511873, 0.00846169888973236, 0.02556442655622959, -0.027650082483887672, 0.015107395127415657, -0.012617930769920349, -0.012084820307791233, -0.029949942603707314, 0.10810508579015732, 0.057200297713279724, -0.0003002787125296891, -0.014278212562203407, -0.007473423145711422, -0.009470753371715546, 0.035688694566488266, 0.019282305613160133, 0.07709917426109314, 0.05667448416352272, 0.03491136431694031, -0.01939529925584793, 0.04138827323913574, -0.05174519866704941, -0.06616511195898056, 0.008370094932615757, -0.01507107075303793, -0.0042709182016551495, -0.028998907655477524, -0.004535718820989132, 0.018698591738939285, -0.0391807034611702, -0.05962400510907173, 0.0091607216745615, -0.007007317617535591, -0.011289040558040142, 0.05381327494978905, -0.0009336606017313898, 0.017374476417899132, -0.022733941674232483, 0.006733003072440624, -0.008725754916667938, -0.014507380314171314, 0.053350429981946945, -0.03757975995540619, -0.021041519939899445, 0.03220987319946289, 0.028662826865911484, 0.02354408986866474, 0.025357576087117195, -0.049457281827926636, -0.03883777931332588, 0.007065199315547943, 0.062868632376194, -0.07102610915899277, -0.045594412833452225, -0.05867687985301018, -0.0351870022714138, -0.010178168304264545, 0.04617617651820183, -0.016862910240888596, -0.0028627226129174232, -0.024751178920269012, -0.021677032113075256, 0.08512720465660095, 0.004330173134803772, 0.0842999592423439, 0.08304435759782791, -0.018596582114696503, 0.09043779224157333, 0.022453397512435913, -0.004787766840308905, -0.02707144431769848, 0.0852314829826355, 0.04467180371284485, 0.04252782464027405, -0.007756598759442568, 0.02965005859732628, 0.03665482625365257, -0.006379520986229181, 0.008808155544102192, 0.0041940524242818356, -0.02149837277829647, 0.002125589642673731, 0.009329459629952908, 0.054808665066957474, -0.039813701063394547, 0.01637997291982174, -0.007876832969486713, 0.056039828807115555, 0.04255091771483421, -0.014873743988573551, 0.03692992776632309, -0.0170330461114645, -0.0027296950574964285, -0.018236683681607246, -0.00391531502828002, 0.029989495873451233, -0.041561007499694824, -0.055085424333810806, -0.010403978638350964, -0.01949533075094223, -0.009595372714102268, -0.033456072211265564, 0.02429630607366562, 0.032418400049209595, -0.007146194577217102, 0.01221187599003315, -0.00619145855307579, 0.024835024029016495, 0.011600933037698269, -0.04478304088115692, 0.014597571454942226, 0.006060030777007341, 0.010913366451859474, -0.011163506656885147, 0.029434463009238243, -0.02119763009250164, 0.02426532842218876, -0.03654477000236511, -0.08952995389699936, -0.006946458015590906, -0.01638990454375744, -0.057543545961380005, -0.028765911236405373, 0.03774015232920647, 0.030827270820736885, 0.010252272710204124, -0.05606985464692116, -0.0031626953277736902, 0.024149494245648384, -0.026770461350679398, 0.0514383465051651, 0.11433140933513641, 0.0278010293841362, 0.008007451891899109, -0.052557848393917084, -0.00022111069120001048, 0.027052756398916245, 0.014520448632538319, 0.028956150636076927, -0.07089409977197647, -0.007222524378448725, 0.04868537560105324, -0.030000947415828705, 0.002908562310039997, 0.019086135551333427, 0.031464703381061554, -0.04080658033490181, 0.046956535428762436, -0.049583908170461655, 0.007667034398764372, 0.06095324456691742, -0.024195626378059387, 0.01720290631055832, 0.07168174535036087, -0.01617751456797123, -0.058475252240896225, -0.07368189841508865, -0.02266322821378708, 0.004478872288018465, -0.01083299983292818, 0.015543516725301743, 0.056669048964977264, -0.06528398394584656, -0.0008111528004519641, -0.003394401865079999, 0.008782602846622467, 0.09584955126047134, 0.03223494440317154, -0.00550327030941844, -0.007463876623660326, -0.014084587804973125, 0.026746755465865135, -0.037788573652505875, -0.0029109963215887547, -0.03479188308119774, -0.034685153514146805, -0.010941950604319572, 0.017085416242480278, -0.027056725695729256, -0.04340088739991188, -0.003934443462640047, 0.012251615524291992, -0.025651751086115837, 0.036119069904088974, -0.010629761964082718, -0.007081992458552122, 0.0005441611865535378, 0.025103377178311348, 0.011160173453390598, 0.010841762647032738, -0.02842833660542965, 0.01693691685795784, -0.033284980803728104, -0.023223532363772392, 0.005353670101612806, 0.008803002536296844, -0.03452729806303978, 0.048407554626464844, 0.004350380040705204, 0.03320525959134102, 0.007457476109266281, 0.010790254920721054, 0.01734279654920101, -0.006638783495873213, -0.0034985695965588093, 0.03456366807222366, -0.0007229304756037891, 0.02912966161966324, -0.029806746169924736, 0.02510327473282814, -0.037734635174274445, -0.030059879645705223, -0.020059291273355484, -0.07309984415769577, 0.04403959587216377, -0.004988052416592836, -0.031944964081048965, 0.05344025790691376, -0.022077936679124832, -0.06272508203983307, 0.04596759378910065, -0.007092638872563839, -0.033766742795705795, -0.011922242119908333, -0.08702762424945831, -0.04917394369840622, 0.0062796371057629585, 0.021644024178385735, -0.017758216708898544, 0.034139715135097504, -0.022296950221061707, -0.07716056704521179, -0.010533240623772144, -0.0027486076578497887, -0.003642073832452297, -0.052989304065704346, -0.03921973705291748, -0.05512535199522972, 0.033140629529953, 0.03327391669154167, -0.04657771810889244, 0.02462431788444519, 0.02724619023501873, -0.08382906019687653, 0.0009423168958164752, -0.003210453549399972, 0.05635920539498329, 0.02253144420683384, -0.055278584361076355, -0.07581645250320435, 0.04631552845239639, 0.03640293702483177, -0.037904344499111176, -0.0333656370639801, 0.020890776067972183, -0.038970258086919785, -0.011481338180601597, 0.05807269364595413, 0.03430020809173584, 0.06080416589975357, 0.007274926640093327, 0.03521118685603142, 0.0028943652287125587, 0.042063500732183456, -0.01370252389460802, 0.04774092137813568, -0.005313710309565067, -0.029441308230161667, -0.010593673214316368, 0.004386240150779486, -0.06529265642166138 ]
<blockquote> <p><strong>Possible Duplicates:</strong><br> <a href="http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/14973/what-would-be-the-immediate-effects-if-light-does-not-go-at-the-maximum-speed-pos">What would be the immediate effects if light does not go at the maximum speed possible?</a><br> <a href="http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/14968/superluminal-neutrinos">Superluminal neutrinos</a></p> </blockquote> <p>I was reading this <a href="http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/E/EU_BREAKING_LIGHT_SPEED?SITE=AP&amp;SECTION=HOME&amp;TEMPLATE=DEFAULT" rel="nofollow">article</a> about a group of scientist thinking that they might have surpassed the speed of light with neutrinos, and are wanting other groups to check their work.</p> <p>If their research is proven true, what impact would this finding have on the world of physics?</p>
g83
[ 0.012070880271494389, 0.07378534972667694, 0.018557606264948845, 0.030734986066818237, 0.0412164144217968, -0.03279080241918564, -0.025446046143770218, 0.01928512565791607, -0.015904366970062256, -0.016857681795954704, 0.022585563361644745, -0.01568085141479969, -0.004324173554778099, 0.03360443189740181, -0.018872994929552078, -0.026231441646814346, 0.0775613784790039, -0.04398961737751961, 0.049420613795518875, -0.00046009503421373665, 0.03236904740333557, 0.00390610727481544, -0.04667693376541138, -0.05916930362582207, -0.06569574773311615, 0.012038766406476498, -0.0000715717687853612, -0.05164039507508278, -0.0665377527475357, -0.038053542375564575, 0.01313040778040886, -0.05206918716430664, -0.012973902747035027, -0.07707971334457397, -0.003272673347964883, -0.020107366144657135, 0.0237136073410511, 0.04213991016149521, -0.004547402262687683, 0.013067378662526608, -0.029359564185142517, -0.01776575669646263, 0.023706264793872833, -0.026608217507600784, -0.006811404600739479, -0.010848762467503548, 0.037425775080919266, 0.0065989308059215546, -0.003974590450525284, -0.07648780941963196, 0.00610317150130868, -0.018383270129561424, 0.02869066409766674, 0.06122057884931564, 0.02912207506597042, -0.00391619885340333, 0.018002161756157875, -0.031015243381261826, 0.09011336416006088, 0.003171616932377219, 0.011918345466256142, -0.0314444862306118, -0.0005663660704158247, -0.06439772993326187, 0.040861427783966064, -0.024312186986207962, 0.0004012115823570639, -0.014218556694686413, 0.027839241549372673, -0.0303831547498703, 0.020109310746192932, 0.009148817509412766, -0.03089304082095623, -0.02867649868130684, 0.010723058134317398, 0.0686681941151619, 0.04839268699288368, 0.020448392257094383, 0.025427797809243202, 0.006075709592550993, 0.011593068949878216, -0.04402485117316246, -0.015606029890477657, 0.01680191420018673, 0.033498432487249374, -0.05592954903841019, -0.0007143240072764456, 0.04470809921622276, 0.009238003753125668, 0.017950065433979034, 0.04834826663136482, -0.07342293113470078, 0.014967482537031174, -0.03178873285651207, -0.00928020291030407, 0.0034379304852336645, 0.09469502419233322, 0.002584966830909252, -0.004622375592589378, -0.003146740607917309, -0.05221041664481163, -0.03480932116508484, -0.0042137205600738525, 0.03778328001499176, -0.037816084921360016, 0.015388228930532932, 0.04912058264017105, 0.0257637407630682, -0.06136036291718483, -0.0056932298466563225, 0.011383346281945705, -0.07317149639129639, -0.012782122008502483, -0.019618645310401917, -0.03656361624598503, -0.03180735558271408, 0.018197230994701385, -0.013500637374818325, -0.03532988578081131, 0.02377241477370262, 0.029989982023835182, 0.01808687299489975, -0.015068162232637405, 0.051949866116046906, -0.027222177013754845, -0.03930429369211197, 0.037162382155656815, -0.0034332030918449163, 0.031122799962759018, -0.03325149044394493, -0.055752579122781754, 0.00702163390815258, -0.015097555704414845, 0.07886022329330444, -0.01291620172560215, 0.023832270875573158, 0.0595623217523098, 0.027123359963297844, 0.018614506348967552, -0.046096280217170715, -0.017537040635943413, 0.0011453288607299328, 0.008172508329153061, 0.0418802909553051, 0.0025107760448008776, -0.024542413651943207, 0.014123297296464443, 0.06651578098535538, 0.004500333685427904, 0.036478396505117416, 0.03281354904174805, 0.009321935474872589, -0.014920110814273357, -0.03498460724949837, -0.00813730712980032, 0.014526238664984703, -0.020814670249819756, 0.027957912534475327, 0.006644528359174728, 0.029137900099158287, 0.014551345258951187, -0.0012093274854123592, -0.059819839894771576, -0.013764150440692902, -0.031992148607969284, 0.0447431355714798, 0.09946054220199585, -0.0028547942638397217, -0.018285995349287987, -0.032273877412080765, -0.12856221199035645, 0.019265852868556976, -0.0010506199905648828, 0.02304619550704956, 0.03867614269256592, 0.03655388951301575, 0.024956021457910538, -0.06086588650941849, -0.028514528647065163, 0.015308037400245667, -0.061774563044309616, -0.055268872529268265, -0.01615036092698574, -0.022266799584031105, 0.017076535150408745, -0.001355690648779273, -0.03076860122382641, 0.03105291724205017, -0.014385136775672436, 0.02353391796350479, -0.019364165142178535, -0.013108977116644382, -0.004822423681616783, -0.005994586739689112, -0.06631360948085785, 0.010468611493706703, 0.014050934463739395, -0.053642090409994125, 0.005515402648597956, -0.00218712049536407, -0.018901390954852104, 0.05490651726722717, -0.00881419237703085, -0.04184384644031525, 0.05208790302276611, -0.009047901257872581, -0.014142968691885471, -0.004477390553802252, 0.022969432175159454, -0.01631557196378708, 0.03047892451286316, -0.009438416920602322, 0.012149497866630554, 0.03906802088022232, 0.0006528066005557775, -0.023350223898887634, -0.041546136140823364, 0.01638338901102543, 0.005050068721175194, 0.05302157998085022, -0.015637891367077827, 0.02128899283707142, -0.014059294946491718, -0.028097666800022125, -0.01653418131172657, -0.029084907844662666, -0.03869308903813362, -0.08299065381288528, -0.0024289251305162907, 0.0065256329253315926, -0.05425108224153519, 0.05348893254995346, -0.043119750916957855, -0.04419726878404617, 0.014120862819254398, 0.015639929100871086, -0.0011088537285104394, -0.018421370536088943, 0.05329645797610283, 0.02574806474149227, 0.01164085604250431, 0.003628513775765896, -0.04233936220407486, 0.019143719226121902, -0.023935116827487946, -0.04837702587246895, 0.01864495314657688, -0.059646714478731155, -0.002239919500425458, 0.06651534140110016, 0.0006976124714128673, -0.00903561431914568, -0.003292874898761511, 0.023403087630867958, 0.03447214514017105, -0.007330300286412239, -0.009095648303627968, 0.058685462921857834, -0.06428570300340652, 0.020510073751211166, 0.02604098618030548, 0.0692359134554863, -0.008314766921103, -0.028170254081487656, 0.00420658104121685, 0.034489624202251434, 0.00264568324200809, 0.003973003476858139, -0.035606931895017624, 0.021771231666207314, -0.05541202053427696, 0.01693863794207573, 0.00759356003254652, -0.005921925418078899, -0.002647274173796177, 0.0024056772235780954, 0.03292121738195419, -0.0029115360230207443, 0.046202562749385834, -0.016152869910001755, -0.01773853413760662, 0.000820079876575619, -0.019632743671536446, -0.006622674409300089, -0.0034760504495352507, -0.10703188180923462, 0.005104318726807833, -0.028269881382584572, -0.01435448881238699, 0.041372403502464294, -0.027767501771450043, 0.022113490849733353, 0.04998613893985748, 0.007114745210856199, 0.00650234567001462, 0.0557369738817215, 0.014589358121156693, 0.027438392862677574, -0.015569359995424747, 0.009580603800714016, 0.038404129445552826, -0.037992991507053375, -0.001187558053061366, 0.06599250435829163, 0.03380195423960686, -0.042262833565473557, -0.05549183860421181, -0.00004776311470777728, 0.03949201479554176, 0.013524646870791912, 0.000008936559424910229, 0.06865838170051575, 0.018207110464572906, 0.04387465491890907, -0.0027273078449070454, 0.0009207396651618183, 0.036789845675230026, 0.046475980430841446, 0.0204814150929451, -0.07750502228736877, 0.036658890545368195, -0.03685503080487251, -0.03311646729707718, 0.003663795767351985, 0.023843081668019295, 0.011507243849337101, 0.01685275323688984, 0.008752034045755863, -0.04170134663581848, 0.04403996840119362, 0.02019873633980751, 0.02781308814883232, 0.006851505022495985, -0.003709091804921627, -0.04583794251084328, -0.008660722523927689, 0.0016952004516497254, 0.06365258991718292, 0.057569243013858795, 0.024259105324745178, -0.012815000489354134, 0.0000937541262828745, -0.046332113444805145, 0.0202302448451519, 0.04725463688373566, 0.03786996379494667, -0.05023280903697014, -0.0035694479010999203, -0.013864327222108841, 0.04354957491159439, 0.07872428745031357, 0.045045871287584305, -0.04265123978257179, -0.016993533819913864, 0.05472664535045624, 0.0008483111741952598, 0.045489270240068436, 0.006160583812743425, 0.03968655318021774, -0.04462162405252457, -0.02180463820695877, 0.01725282520055771, 0.03818845376372337, -0.003397346241399646, -0.040875956416130066, 0.036152433604002, 0.0016548087587580085, 0.04370300844311714, 0.028657102957367897, 0.0033183260820806026, -0.002750217216089368, -0.034757860004901886, -0.002568584168329835, -0.012628613039851189, 0.03885185718536377, 0.03502257540822029, 0.017754575237631798, 0.006766926497220993, -0.04996613785624504, 0.0529421791434288, 0.05472579225897789, 0.04196019843220711, 0.05042753368616104, -0.05589668080210686, -0.012965992093086243, -0.001547337044030428, -0.06276634335517883, -0.029628049582242966, -0.04856984689831734, -0.06461818516254425, -0.04990008473396301, 0.019372494891285896, -0.03897406533360481, 0.0019254990620538592, -0.058033086359500885, -0.017595157027244568, -0.03598818928003311, -0.019809138029813766, -0.008905911818146706, 0.024112150073051453, -0.030944237485527992, -0.0077904388308525085, -0.011880702339112759, 0.027806904166936874, -0.07593873143196106, -0.06563293188810349, 0.02644451893866062, 0.008831878192722797, 0.023995906114578247, 0.030779726803302765, -0.0023754609283059835, 0.0069811781868338585, -0.041687045246362686, -0.06367699801921844, 0.01555020920932293, 0.05667565390467644, 0.014630376361310482, -0.07665953785181046, -0.014662720263004303, 0.026555687189102173, 0.04870351031422615, -0.026082724332809448, 0.007119291927665472, 0.017412491142749786, 0.03884867578744888, -0.0022241927217692137, 0.026518138125538826, -0.03149266541004181, -0.0007968364516273141, -0.01661408692598343, 0.040356531739234924, 0.042343560606241226, -0.008544114418327808, 0.03301161527633667, 0.03156066685914993, 0.07694410532712936, 0.03396493196487427, 0.039109792560338974, 0.006976090371608734, 0.08481492102146149, 0.013721903786063194, -0.0022300691343843937, 0.06479699909687042, 0.019790248945355415, 0.012469915673136711, 0.09366153180599213, -0.12402699887752533, -0.0019095141906291246, 0.014998020604252815, -0.03738948330283165, -0.022909555584192276, -0.005452791694551706, -0.006540781352669001, 0.006710475776344538, -0.04648757725954056, -0.06306689977645874, -0.026544393971562386, 0.024768806993961334, 0.04657268896698952, 0.05440640076994896, -0.05405210703611374, 0.03643114119768143, 0.0789702758193016, 0.006048169452697039, 0.07050767540931702, 0.03025021031498909, -0.015191419050097466, -0.030359812080860138, -0.10023356974124908, -0.051707688719034195, -0.07875023782253265, -0.021660665050148964, 0.015427068807184696, 0.016074461862444878, 0.007271099369972944, -0.02993267960846424, -0.025438236072659492, 0.061777692288160324, -0.027859864756464958, -0.011089980602264404, -0.04311781004071236, -0.029552677646279335, 0.01094385702162981, -0.0677839145064354, -0.04424702748656273, 0.008259022608399391, -0.09846805781126022, 0.001663977513089776, -0.0014911782927811146, -0.045266494154930115, -0.013210000470280647, -0.01213760208338499, -0.0010860678739845753, -0.024330615997314453, -0.023686373606324196, -0.01018583495169878, 0.06090334430336952, 0.029770735651254654, -0.03234856575727463, -0.02857850305736065, -0.03835572302341461, 0.06391499936580658, 0.04379601776599884, -0.033458780497312546, -0.05362623929977417, 0.07309849560260773, 0.037529561668634415, 0.034617625176906586, -0.025583961978554726, -0.045678310096263885, -0.023815641179680824, 0.033460166305303574, -0.0016381572932004929, -0.014543076045811176, 0.01742544397711754, -0.01961522176861763, -0.029640918597579002, -0.0051970090717077255, -0.014000819064676762, -0.0500316396355629, 0.01035880297422409, -0.015493418090045452, 0.0650133565068245, -0.006584238260984421, 0.03667660430073738, -0.002307441085577011, -0.04734460636973381, 0.021269556134939194, 0.020886849611997604, 0.016589637845754623, 0.03755570948123932, -0.028397591784596443, 0.05122000351548195, 0.01902513951063156, 0.008396157994866371, -0.02165503054857254, 0.008198685012757778, -0.03848941996693611, -0.06916612386703491, 0.009426579810678959, -0.03821822255849838, -0.013176175765693188, 0.016632338985800743, 0.05587238445878029, -0.007261820137500763, -0.013569864444434643, -0.0358097068965435, 0.03416896611452103, 0.01834874600172043, -0.027775850147008896, -0.011604538187384605, 0.0145928505808115, 0.02611129730939865, 0.03550659492611885, 0.022415582090616226, -0.010238789021968842, -0.031120453029870987, -0.019500814378261566, -0.056380514055490494, -0.020939810201525688, 0.0307583250105381, 0.026802580803632736, 0.02535777911543846, -0.026505401358008385, 0.005233205389231443, -0.0301328357309103, -0.016398919746279716, -0.03469744697213173, 0.04216727614402771, 0.01886218786239624, 0.043758735060691833, 0.046701300889253616, -0.00035579752875491977, -0.050117623060941696, -0.021763263270258904, -0.02472522109746933, 0.04578613117337227, 0.02069568820297718, -0.056171730160713196, -0.029688537120819092, -0.019912075251340866, -0.02446231245994568, 0.0302575770765543, -0.014351132325828075, -0.022881876677274704, 0.01923486217856407, -0.004565947223454714, 0.12046597898006439, 0.010110508650541306, -0.06323537975549698, 0.01143859513103962, -0.021179240196943283, -0.010946515016257763, -0.023056119680404663, -0.0693853572010994, -0.06296497583389282, -0.019661258906126022, -0.029951682314276695, -0.0736008808016777, 0.05203166976571083, 0.003791143884882331, -0.03337293490767479, 0.013863706029951572, 0.02874942496418953, 0.03314846754074097, 0.03939644619822502, -0.008314820006489754, 0.00601463345810771, -0.011714443564414978, -0.0024861893616616726, -0.017437446862459183, 0.006308803800493479, -0.025812696665525436, 0.02417142316699028, -0.02973008342087269, -0.02495523728430271, 0.030702317133545876, -0.07429881393909454, 0.019888224080204964, 0.007250573020428419, 0.020803820341825485, -0.041724756360054016, 0.011233322322368622, -0.044832903891801834, -0.06622905284166336, 0.06156833469867706, -0.016187679022550583, -0.04913919046521187, 0.018838591873645782, 0.03561525419354439, 0.06846927851438522, -0.011574272066354752, 0.029892444610595703, 0.05484839901328087, 0.009870669804513454, -0.0006236750050447881, 0.018890555948019028, 0.010658496990799904, -0.032343268394470215, -0.001317485119216144, 0.031153617426753044, -0.013564693741500378, -0.01436406560242176, -0.03721114993095398, 0.02877749130129814, -0.024824561551213264, 0.021399928256869316, 0.031020279973745346, 0.03083731420338154, -0.06181741878390312, -0.03338058292865753, -0.04700719937682152, 0.00849717017263174, 0.026835286989808083, 0.0017025928245857358, -0.02218448743224144, -0.012921751476824284, 0.016735928133130074, -0.03329971060156822, -0.06038806959986687, -0.05262867733836174, -0.01206001453101635, 0.002337065292522311, 0.008809101767838001, -0.02248033694922924, 0.023083511739969254, -0.00796270277351141, -0.07881641387939453, 0.014300335198640823, -0.01719205267727375, 0.024712521582841873, -0.03863956779241562, -0.01318962313234806, -0.05216320976614952, 0.018447449430823326, -0.025543056428432465, -0.03005760721862316, -0.007017473690211773, 0.008744182996451855, -0.014524895697832108, 0.0276136826723814, 0.019907420501112938, 0.004211795516312122, 0.005759501829743385, -0.019428517669439316, 0.07313729077577591, -0.0705198124051094, 0.025066502392292023, 0.022207429632544518, -0.01567254215478897, -0.0020711543038487434, -0.002027178183197975, 0.011609748005867004, -0.009532132185995579, -0.013909608125686646, 0.0124360928311944, -0.05585436895489693, 0.020778397098183632, 0.06742778420448303, 0.0443316213786602, -0.062440503388643265, 0.019863972440361977, -0.01831655390560627, 0.012185126543045044, 0.03493582457304001, 0.034946296364068985, 0.04144308716058731, 0.01808503083884716, -0.020058035850524902, -0.01602708362042904, -0.004006387200206518, 0.10095275193452835, -0.01027487963438034, 0.010176843032240868, 0.03432988375425339, 0.011366141960024834, 0.0030329611618071795, -0.03326619789004326, 0.05813820660114288, 0.06593278050422668, 0.009339980781078339, 0.02875179797410965, -0.04783380776643753, -0.009193350560963154, -0.020110588520765305, 0.004090039525181055, 0.005100142676383257, 0.051338959485292435, -0.020654236897826195, -0.009489425458014011, 0.02761884778738022, -0.0060485354624688625, -0.034222617745399475, -0.01968306675553322, -0.09025838971138, 0.05699406564235687, 0.034224070608615875, 0.08967068046331406, -0.03750615566968918, 0.023810088634490967, -0.0487716943025589, -0.04844742268323898, -0.03330891951918602, 0.002013105433434248, -0.021329175680875778, -0.016422631219029427, -0.023685146123170853, 0.03213223069906235, 0.0045905387960374355, -0.049062907695770264, 0.037988562136888504, 0.045221202075481415, -0.008376809768378735, 0.09468517452478409, 0.05787140130996704, -0.04920738562941551, 0.002704123966395855, -0.01766281947493553, -0.01285499706864357, 0.01685902290046215, -0.0071908263489604, -0.021767161786556244, 0.023772871121764183, -0.006024536676704884, 0.0413840152323246, -0.01902405545115471, -0.019258517771959305, 0.02825949713587761 ]
<p>How does it make sense to vary the position and the velocity independently?</p> <p><strong>Edit:</strong></p> <p>Velocity is the derivative of position, so how can you treat them as independent variables? Doesn't every physics student ask this question when he learns calculus of variations? Does anybody ever answer this question? Ever? If so, please educate me.</p>
g505
[ 0.024659311398863792, 0.004115596879273653, -0.012113736942410469, 0.04999552294611931, 0.022449437528848648, 0.011389690451323986, 0.031968820840120316, 0.00642617791891098, -0.020905034616589546, -0.04915634170174599, -0.04326329380273819, -0.005329238250851631, -0.013892733491957188, 0.021534450352191925, -0.008815816603600979, -0.022910624742507935, 0.06485592573881149, -0.005185047164559364, 0.07035805284976959, 0.022681739181280136, -0.03898131474852562, 0.001067272387444973, 0.019197674468159676, -0.012659906409680843, 0.04116028547286987, -0.08018950372934341, 0.00038057478377595544, -0.09293236583471298, -0.05031372234225273, 0.02544601447880268, 0.015460296534001827, 0.01783086732029915, 0.055958524346351624, -0.0112497853115201, -0.02584102936089039, -0.00950772687792778, 0.02933436818420887, -0.013316137716174126, 0.01025196723639965, 0.02694282867014408, -0.013174555264413357, -0.018561270087957382, 0.01453479751944542, -0.018331995233893394, -0.04315910115838051, -0.012441636994481087, -0.013595488853752613, -0.04940785840153694, -0.045699216425418854, 0.010098644532263279, -0.020153051242232323, 0.02027459442615509, 0.038059450685977936, -0.0011035839561372995, 0.04078967869281769, 0.039846744388341904, 0.003470098599791527, 0.03179704397916794, -0.022933369502425194, 0.019716914743185043, 0.032186683267354965, -0.014307175762951374, -0.0005442736437544227, -0.019867753610014915, 0.04779163748025894, -0.006880195811390877, -0.07543051987886429, -0.002761660609394312, -0.01702452078461647, -0.006468770559877157, -0.00926450826227665, -0.02619343437254429, -0.02492567151784897, -0.02015942521393299, -0.03866060823202133, -0.031856026500463486, 0.011582862585783005, -0.028976203873753548, 0.030755650252103806, -0.025873206555843353, -0.00868245866149664, 0.008827360346913338, 0.023398857563734055, -0.045159418135881424, 0.025190649554133415, -0.01137902494519949, 0.0491553470492363, 0.06361450254917145, 0.01186305284500122, 0.040409885346889496, 0.00438985088840127, 0.0021011950448155403, 0.051128678023815155, 0.06261619925498962, -0.03459467366337776, -0.09422195702791214, -0.060668811202049255, 0.09075960516929626, 0.04891778901219368, 0.024370601400732994, -0.026866180822253227, 0.06928543001413345, -0.03545990586280823, 0.0364026241004467, -0.04663371294736862, -0.01365858968347311, 0.06878478080034256, 0.024593466892838478, 0.03834832087159157, -0.04579693451523781, -0.000516112195327878, -0.05066397786140442, -0.0049802944995462894, 0.008294072933495045, -0.01780661754310131, -0.013048539869487286, 0.022189682349562645, 0.020837459713220596, 0.0005094498628750443, 0.03221357241272926, -0.019580921158194542, 0.04379868507385254, 0.010217535309493542, 0.04984414577484131, -0.019127845764160156, 0.007127671502530575, 0.0309824887663126, -0.030095983296632767, 0.0000058829573390539736, -0.03414909541606903, 0.06770768016576767, -0.032760173082351685, 0.018574023619294167, 0.014377693645656109, -0.012358237989246845, 0.040584202855825424, -0.0050064753741025925, 0.03733518719673157, -0.006556789390742779, 0.042719874531030655, 0.04892507195472717, 0.025953669100999832, -0.022271182388067245, -0.011678826995193958, -0.002611001953482628, -0.00988474115729332, 0.007311903405934572, -0.053914763033390045, 0.0243007130920887, -0.0245966874063015, 0.02777358703315258, 0.08338606357574463, -0.051864247769117355, -0.018343016505241394, 0.0037340319249778986, -0.02077152021229267, 0.07161955535411835, 0.04573918133974075, 0.030781684443354607, -0.012382633984088898, 0.10293575376272202, -0.0494520477950573, 0.016396524384617805, -0.002623893553391099, -0.05792475491762161, 0.038604576140642166, 0.000010494866728549823, 0.0068697272799909115, 0.0010784054175019264, -0.015835190191864967, -0.06106884032487869, -0.040717992931604385, -0.004477526992559433, 0.020819690078496933, 0.01790819875895977, -0.0017744451761245728, -0.042333099991083145, -0.0953739807009697, 0.013176380656659603, 0.03674033656716347, -0.05044671893119812, 0.0019439497264102101, 0.00915501732379198, -0.06693306565284729, 0.009661535732448101, 0.025910884141921997, -0.027455102652311325, -0.07332327961921692, -0.07059353590011597, -0.012688067741692066, -0.034076496958732605, -0.05194777622818947, 0.004345113877207041, 0.04151970148086548, -0.004331854172050953, -0.006314048543572426, -0.02546675130724907, 0.0007019416079856455, -0.0854741632938385, 0.09874730557203293, -0.03565093129873276, 0.04854169860482216, 0.08788207173347473, 0.01583167538046837, -0.030905552208423615, 0.017318131402134895, -0.005169819574803114, 0.0025011261459439993, 0.011762761510908604, 0.008863134309649467, 0.0925188660621643, 0.046107612550258636, -0.004270298406481743, 0.00514998659491539, 0.006309221964329481, -0.043172311037778854, 0.019369954243302345, -0.028423698619008064, -0.006050002761185169, 0.013075217604637146, -0.03989400714635849, -0.028592465445399284, 0.00036221128539182246, 0.025049589574337006, -0.06063801795244217, 0.0255324337631464, -0.05532962083816528, -0.003922357689589262, 0.018843837082386017, 0.02857862412929535, -0.04072096198797226, 0.015044358558952808, -0.009583435021340847, 0.011345546692609787, 0.06856159120798111, 0.021316731348633766, 0.00020368924015201628, 0.07469017058610916, 0.012263447977602482, 0.04714313521981239, 0.03361813724040985, -0.09871961921453476, 0.06798522919416428, -0.033789198845624924, -0.020548786967992783, -0.02134166657924652, 0.061894286423921585, 0.008154829032719135, -0.04909319803118706, -0.031166084110736847, 0.0007946061086840928, -0.083265520632267, -0.0568109005689621, -0.01741781458258629, 0.0009233317687176168, 0.02873031422495842, -0.022184137254953384, 0.02632952108979225, -0.06365782767534256, -0.04523681104183197, -0.0031769373454153538, 0.016187625005841255, 0.03785502910614014, 0.07117308676242828, -0.005349014885723591, 0.01004001684486866, 0.049740441143512726, 0.00727463886141777, 0.015405474230647087, -0.02655804716050625, 0.025463180616497993, 0.04282210394740105, -0.015283162705600262, 0.08202492445707321, -0.03143784776329994, 0.010130726732313633, 0.0010055305901914835, -0.02535940892994404, -0.01607835851609707, 0.044578105211257935, 0.01334166619926691, 0.0124300392344594, -0.03125167265534401, -0.022160794585943222, 0.07501285523176193, -0.01729867421090603, 0.05141061916947365, 0.01659739762544632, -0.037804074585437775, 0.014642010442912579, 0.024965105578303337, 0.033885031938552856, -0.0032190533820539713, -0.046038538217544556, -0.0006303595728240907, 0.04194237291812897, -0.023119399324059486, -0.04578913748264313, -0.030735181644558907, 0.014949352480471134, 0.03147488459944725, 0.026847537606954575, 0.016678640618920326, 0.07986477017402649, 0.05630296841263771, 0.034830931574106216, -0.030895547941327095, -0.016312113031744957, -0.013871907256543636, -0.03054097294807434, 0.023708365857601166, 0.026253968477249146, -0.0020193178206682205, -0.0212550088763237, -0.06886669248342514, -0.028152484446763992, -0.055866748094558716, -0.036509282886981964, 0.03897405415773392, -0.002715981798246503, -0.048549897968769073, -0.06212722137570381, 0.026847971603274345, -0.0018536323914304376, 0.04425610601902008, 0.012547444552183151, 0.013307870365679264, 0.0071594566106796265, -0.04054877161979675, -0.04744468629360199, -0.021625928580760956, 0.061167944222688675, 0.0035704157780855894, -0.03698377683758736, -0.03951890394091606, -0.06562098115682602, 0.03298542648553848, -0.017893048003315926, 0.03890377655625343, -0.014174973592162132, 0.009430915117263794, -0.05365706607699394, -0.045838817954063416, 0.027549851685762405, -0.036666348576545715, 0.010557042434811592, 0.09077952802181244, -0.02356705442070961, 0.02281281352043152, 0.018968841060996056, 0.0478038489818573, -0.016006501391530037, 0.012911234982311726, -0.015230715274810791, 0.015365428291261196, -0.022872701287269592, 0.030494162812829018, 0.03256616368889809, -0.060193102806806564, 0.033581092953681946, 0.006308358162641525, -0.04287588223814964, -0.05501808971166611, 0.06150181218981743, -0.03597884625196457, 0.019294973462820053, 0.020973026752471924, 0.0010775162372738123, -0.045018669217824936, 0.017829813063144684, 0.02114383690059185, 0.02475106716156006, -0.022443782538175583, -0.023364873602986336, -0.0006617921171709895, -0.03433958813548088, 0.038212668150663376, 0.0023796421010047197, -0.019767291843891144, -0.05980614200234413, 0.03783854469656944, -0.008698535151779652, 0.006584509275853634, 0.03891520947217941, 0.0021270897705107927, 0.024728264659643173, -0.04886326938867569, 0.005677003413438797, -0.011789582669734955, -0.03966200351715088, 0.01843472383916378, 0.006607940886169672, -0.003648083657026291, -0.023570502176880836, 0.010072395205497742, -0.008054367266595364, 0.07209917157888412, -0.00461636483669281, -0.01687535271048546, 0.015429318882524967, -0.058088935911655426, -0.009775511920452118, -0.027676185593008995, -0.007803574204444885, -0.03421357274055481, 0.018936917185783386, 0.02377859130501747, -0.06621023267507553, 0.006628114264458418, 0.008960644714534283, -0.04793984815478325, -0.042426612228155136, 0.004129407927393913, -0.03895314782857895, -0.01570977084338665, 0.021404709666967392, 0.03377918154001236, 0.013887554407119751, -0.006621412467211485, -0.002982873935252428, 0.09103867411613464, 0.013909906148910522, 0.06311993300914764, 0.013119353912770748, 0.035554807633161545, 0.03233958035707474, 0.06564824283123016, 0.011401659809052944, 0.03854123502969742, -0.025474192574620247, -0.024293845519423485, 0.02726241946220398, 0.06621728837490082, -0.008313044905662537, -0.042137354612350464, 0.006333048455417156, 0.037129759788513184, 0.03671780228614807, -0.00487143499776721, 0.05569477006793022, 0.01677645742893219, 0.01578948274254799, -0.00021445534366648644, -0.05708027258515358, -0.022636162117123604, 0.023545201867818832, -0.029565950855612755, -0.030531365424394608, 0.03835970163345337, -0.053593795746564865, -0.04638174548745155, 0.06865575909614563, -0.028509119525551796, 0.029041530564427376, -0.002956625074148178, 0.003178250975906849, 0.005834720563143492, -0.02519826404750347, 0.04546213150024414, -0.03247401490807533, -0.016295602545142174, 0.02532164752483368, -0.015184430405497551, 0.028729252517223358, -0.027326855808496475, 0.02342587150633335, -0.0319737084209919, 0.018963802605867386, -0.0318039245903492, 0.016215404495596886, 0.016145961359143257, 0.04073737934231758, 0.012224972248077393, 0.029114924371242523, 0.04478859528899193, -0.014098308980464935, 0.039763983339071274, -0.009940115734934807, 0.0005261930637061596, -0.02570842020213604, -0.027742702513933182, -0.009134520776569843, 0.05260525271296501, -0.024390600621700287, -0.021256817504763603, -0.09435422718524933, -0.08660107851028442, -0.0728520080447197, -0.039453525096178055, -0.05140497907996178, 0.005531899631023407, 0.05103901028633118, 0.039467524737119675, 0.039885856211185455, -0.039987582713365555, -0.05756216496229172, 0.005365519784390926, -0.007216234225779772, 0.012582002207636833, -0.050125978887081146, -0.0699043795466423, 0.0023618906270712614, 0.013797853142023087, 0.002615789184346795, -0.03709346801042557, 0.03996336832642555, 0.05701237916946411, 0.008214354515075684, -0.05148126557469368, 0.0017420037183910608, 0.04101737588644028, 0.0462237112224102, -0.014125121757388115, -0.002288754330947995, -0.020182061940431595, -0.024998726323246956, 0.021730506792664528, -0.0218551866710186, -0.018823523074388504, -0.03236206993460655, 0.05789753794670105, 0.02236824668943882, 0.049251705408096313, -0.006714001297950745, 0.04210514947772026, -0.026563948020339012, -0.14768458902835846, -0.023396091535687447, -0.022469716146588326, 0.009145455434918404, -0.020322291180491447, 0.024351969361305237, 0.005615916568785906, 0.03509949892759323, -0.03424342721700668, -0.007212670054286718, -0.003307028440758586, -0.05131138116121292, -0.02702958695590496, 0.01839623413980007, -0.06893153488636017, -0.011708315461874008, -0.001894765766337514, 0.036654576659202576, -0.040708716958761215, -0.0004376873839646578, 0.027958393096923828, -0.006054806523025036, 0.0664263665676117, -0.03948580101132393, -0.08657737076282501, 0.03215629234910011, -0.007380032446235418, -0.05151020362973213, -0.042008791118860245, 0.017698101699352264, -0.018001755699515343, -0.04732269048690796, -0.0026873217429965734, -0.012982633896172047, 0.030528776347637177, -0.032838985323905945, 0.0031376273836940527, 0.008261261507868767, 0.010380743071436882, -0.04488510638475418, 0.05656064301729202, 0.03470100089907646, 0.046983204782009125, 0.06773530691862106, -0.07445989549160004, 0.036931730806827545, -0.021699408069252968, -0.04770422726869583, 0.010446762666106224, 0.006858091801404953, -0.0138601865619421, 0.02797473594546318, -0.034030597656965256, -0.03205736353993416, -0.0027455142699182034, -0.010770831257104874, -0.002403770573437214, -0.05780787020921707, -0.07598668336868286, 0.011883844621479511, -0.03795505315065384, 0.0283636674284935, 0.025656115263700485, 0.01978042535483837, -0.012619628570973873, -0.024923022836446762, -0.04984573647379875, 0.014683534391224384, -0.03988136723637581, -0.00683657918125391, 0.02151801995933056, -0.00037347342004068196, -0.02376083843410015, -0.025762001052498817, 0.025918155908584595, -0.010841903276741505, 0.04200208932161331, 0.009641248732805252, -0.019070865586400032, -0.016007687896490097, 0.008824434131383896, 0.012765525840222836, -0.014063511043787003, 0.00016667466843500733, -0.03382468223571777, 0.044094257056713104, 0.053086306899785995, 0.01938122697174549, -0.03895176574587822, 0.007048712577670813, -0.04207732155919075, 0.014008283615112305, -0.0026878935750573874, -0.06441681832075119, 0.03565796837210655, -0.005450613796710968, 0.045245107263326645, -0.0012803818099200726, 0.028125206008553505, 0.02229117602109909, -0.04749935865402222, 0.013700326904654503, 0.004227554425597191, -0.019895516335964203, 0.09272933751344681, 0.06316372007131577, 0.03494653105735779, 0.003616065252572298, -0.049680858850479126, 0.0893009677529335, -0.07458589971065521, 0.04937656968832016, 0.01300717331469059, 0.015235303901135921, -0.001485072891227901, 0.06409569829702377, 0.005488169379532337, 0.013869247399270535, -0.021400315687060356, 0.019603034481406212, 0.035530880093574524, -0.03224308788776398, -0.05178704112768173, 0.004711139015853405, -0.020505916327238083, -0.003333284752443433, -0.06524281948804855, 0.011347312480211258, 0.04287907853722572, 0.04207015410065651, 0.017552491277456284, -0.005443355068564415, -0.010179225355386734, -0.021443618461489677, -0.04919124394655228, -0.0411008857190609, -0.013681778684258461, 0.02189583331346512, -0.0011465511051937938, 0.060054052621126175, -0.009514178149402142, -0.03318031504750252, -0.03662059083580971, 0.047588616609573364, -0.018950320780277252, -0.020399218425154686, -0.027423197403550148, 0.029352424666285515, 0.04236845299601555, -0.0323493555188179, -0.05281816050410271, 0.004926878027617931, -0.0049146320670843124, 0.03561222925782204, 0.017223941162228584, 0.06516963988542557, -0.005888659972697496, -0.016865551471710205, -0.04407862573862076, 0.027827588841319084, 0.0020024196710437536, 0.01312344241887331, 0.02020995318889618, -0.06638824194669724, -0.010133340954780579, -0.03415565565228462, -0.000671122339554131, 0.01324378326535225, -0.045513879507780075, 0.01976991817355156, 0.03001430444419384, 0.03493453562259674, 0.0049698371440172195, 0.026108361780643463, 0.02264045923948288, -0.0447273775935173, -0.006766402628272772, 0.05402744561433792, 0.0684274360537529, -0.030462130904197693, -0.014773030765354633, -0.005509101320058107, -0.036428727209568024, -0.02936662547290325, 0.00669870525598526, 0.009544126689434052, 0.0641726478934288, -0.014795507304370403, -0.018884550780057907, 0.01620321534574032, -0.0016672357451170683, 0.005340337287634611, -0.024389808997511864, 0.04195946082472801, 0.0033944256138056517, -0.027633853256702423, 0.03647753968834877, -0.051948707550764084, -0.0006275528576225042, -0.05192466452717781, 0.020948832854628563, -0.0650101751089096, -0.012479734607040882, -0.0030098797287791967, 0.006241266615688801, -0.007788014132529497, -0.0023187855258584023, 0.05490493401885033, -0.009939111769199371, 0.009336988441646099, 0.014146885834634304, 0.005490184295922518, -0.019788602367043495, 0.0010242045391350985, 0.0070765516720712185, -0.021057041361927986, -0.024244647473096848, 0.021300533786416054, -0.04172096773982048, -0.010937351733446121, 0.04911905899643898, 0.06181549280881882, 0.032343991100788116, -0.03623920679092407, 0.02316911146044731, 0.07572685182094574, -0.02513057366013527, 0.013823376968502998, 0.025221239775419235, -0.01609020307660103, -0.053916942328214645, 0.041342027485370636, 0.0014354492304846644, 0.03656463697552681, -0.010336634702980518, 0.01248070877045393, -0.028513843193650246, -0.0326903760433197, 0.03251854330301285, -0.02241501957178116, -0.018796829506754875, 0.03929286077618599 ]
<p>Inspired by <a href="http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/234/how-should-a-physics-student-study-mathematics">How should a physics student study mathematics?</a> and in the same vein as <a href="http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/193/best-books-for-mathematical-background">Best books for mathematical background?</a>, although in a more general fashion, I'd like to know if anyone is interested in doing a list of the books 'par excellence' for a physicist.</p> <p>In spite of the frivolous nature of this post, I think it can be a valuable resource.</p> <p>For example:</p> <hr> <p><a href="http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0750628960">Course of Theoretical Physics</a> - <strong>L.D. Landau, E.M. Lifshitz.</strong></p> <p><a href="http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0805370021">Mathematical Methods of Physics</a> - <strong>Mathews, Walker</strong>. Very nice chapter on complex variables and evaluation of integrals, presenting must-know tricks to solve non-trivial problems. Also contains an introduction to groups and group representations with physical applications.</p> <p><a href="http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/048667164X">Mathematics of Classical and Quantum Physics</a> - <strong>Byron and Fuller.</strong></p> <p><a href="http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0471010901">Topics in Algebra</a> - <strong>I. N. Herstein</strong>. Extremely well written, introduce basic concepts in groups, rings, vector spaces, fields and linear transformations. Concepts are motivated and a nice set of problems accompany each chapter (some of them quite challenging).</p> <p><a href="http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0126546568">Partial Differential Equations in Physics</a> - <strong>Arnold Sommerfeld</strong>. Although a bit dated, very clear explanations. First chapter on Fourier Series is enlightening. The ratio interesting information/page is extremely large. Contains discussions on types of differential equations, integral equations, boundary value problems, special functions and eigenfunctions.</p> <hr>
g4615
[ 0.012592311948537827, 0.027816811576485634, 0.002151122549548745, -0.026445463299751282, 0.029721273109316826, 0.014543475583195686, 0.0332585945725441, 0.03937111794948578, -0.013705856166779995, -0.006215591449290514, 0.012802579440176487, 0.01893724501132965, 0.0027372250333428383, -0.024848809465765953, -0.02325940690934658, -0.02596662938594818, 0.0440245158970356, 0.03907192125916481, 0.021390939131379128, -0.017494607716798782, 0.0018895440734922886, 0.05490865558385849, 0.046237651258707047, -0.059323813766241074, -0.012940231710672379, -0.0018218725454062223, 0.009480131790041924, -0.08520324528217316, -0.04330316185951233, -0.016278544440865517, -0.04971333593130112, 0.003094122977927327, 0.02751605026423931, 0.0023440003860741854, -0.0014354903250932693, -0.037157442420721054, 0.026491299271583557, 0.017194319516420364, 0.0679827556014061, -0.002433300716802478, 0.042530715465545654, -0.04710725322365761, -0.002539990236982703, -0.021883921697735786, 0.02196653187274933, -0.016810880973935127, -0.017150666564702988, -0.042435336858034134, -0.021323762834072113, 0.07694069296121597, -0.0013458490138873458, 0.05357638746500015, 0.043350428342819214, -0.0016197951044887304, 0.0550806038081646, 0.015889590606093407, -0.0026341648772358894, 0.01829652115702629, 0.087961845099926, -0.023893995210528374, 0.024670280516147614, 0.010311080142855644, -0.036979544907808304, -0.033850476145744324, -0.02193916216492653, -0.007179937791079283, 0.014829481020569801, -0.01012998167425394, -0.010637413710355759, 0.017954714596271515, 0.03005027398467064, -0.026813898235559464, 0.04651001840829849, 0.008210287429392338, 0.02901221625506878, 0.004786576144397259, 0.05606217309832573, -0.023669708520174026, 0.019721349701285362, 0.007205524947494268, -0.04412957280874252, -0.03903649002313614, 0.017953604459762573, -0.04535401985049248, -0.008596113882958889, -0.0442582331597805, -0.006333026569336653, 0.01392536610364914, -0.003997266758233309, -0.0017727183876559138, 0.0010324903996661305, 0.03793318197131157, 0.03687571361660957, 0.034118976444005966, -0.03046398237347603, -0.0005823562387377024, -0.007671800442039967, 0.0007080974755808711, -0.015779690816998482, 0.01093070488423109, -0.022381391376256943, 0.05724802240729332, 0.03590518236160278, 0.02365206740796566, -0.0057541984133422375, 0.016349758952856064, 0.03659256175160408, 0.052153706550598145, 0.010175120085477829, 0.03389762341976166, -0.06669304519891739, -0.01165811438113451, -0.004021911881864071, -0.02767367660999298, -0.02445775642991066, 0.04773646593093872, 0.050635699182748795, -0.027011333033442497, -0.0182782094925642, 0.11079874634742737, 0.014982462860643864, 0.04162469506263733, 0.07637128978967667, 0.002916522789746523, -0.004615867510437965, -0.03755337744951248, 0.017808930948376656, -0.06494501978158951, 0.024912048131227493, -0.026275869458913803, 0.04101761057972908, -0.05012110620737076, -0.047374773770570755, 0.015998637303709984, -0.02298750728368759, 0.049504354596138, 0.006922753527760506, 0.045075852423906326, 0.0010772169334813952, -0.030065327882766724, 0.004351841751486063, -0.00813361443579197, -0.016558200120925903, -0.031077487394213676, -0.010591886937618256, 0.02035660482943058, -0.04769987612962723, -0.06297367066144943, -0.011883004568517208, 0.019061684608459473, 0.018273960798978806, 0.050235990434885025, 0.008728663437068462, -0.0202524121850729, 0.013854623772203922, -0.0018535410054028034, 0.03917602077126503, 0.017027733847498894, 0.02222559042274952, -0.02248637191951275, 0.03277682512998581, 0.00942674558609724, -0.10454786568880081, 0.07928528636693954, 0.0018850123742595315, 0.04806555435061455, -0.005726265255361795, -0.08231515437364578, 0.03863470256328583, 0.017202109098434448, -0.016654403880238533, -0.006234738044440746, 0.03920850530266762, 0.016382994130253792, -0.03575843200087547, 0.00044976413482800126, -0.0006485290359705687, -0.024961018934845924, 0.03227898105978966, 0.035598959773778915, -0.015667639672756195, -0.08007366210222244, 0.06249073147773743, -0.03271651640534401, -0.05083385854959488, 0.05192093923687935, -0.0050185988657176495, 0.06713611632585526, -0.11800786852836609, 0.0357193797826767, -0.0658959299325943, 0.02408289723098278, -0.01374453492462635, -0.0023311583790928125, 0.018388153985142708, -0.02143089845776558, -0.034904416650533676, -0.016185389831662178, -0.049584031105041504, 0.03684943541884422, -0.00864145066589117, 0.029163269326090813, 0.08365577459335327, 0.030657565221190453, 0.0044355206191539764, 0.09286409616470337, -0.020634297281503677, -0.06529229134321213, 0.03865305706858635, -0.045542679727077484, 0.03109460137784481, 0.0012584896758198738, 0.06522075831890106, 0.06253828853368759, -0.007975502870976925, -0.02859998121857643, -0.04406043887138367, -0.0337897427380085, -0.02232964336872101, 0.08770963549613953, -0.006802248302847147, -0.021361980587244034, -0.031139614060521126, -0.013611190021038055, -0.03600228205323219, 0.013607988134026527, -0.07783897966146469, -0.033720068633556366, -0.032717201858758926, -0.008667746558785439, -0.06268417835235596, 0.03750991448760033, -0.03285324200987816, -0.02656449005007744, 0.06541081517934799, -0.012865487486124039, 0.008366699330508709, -0.04984457045793533, 0.03694413974881172, 0.036506056785583496, -0.03480292111635208, -0.0075582535937428474, 0.03684608265757561, -0.048432569950819016, -0.01990581303834915, -0.07829683274030685, 0.024898415431380272, -0.016872141510248184, -0.039665624499320984, -0.030306104570627213, 0.041091062128543854, -0.07113522291183472, -0.009091158397495747, 0.014563489705324173, -0.00508051598444581, 0.0092874551191926, -0.029870878905057907, 0.03942735120654106, 0.056056950241327286, -0.003627716563642025, 0.027203507721424103, -0.03557579219341278, -0.05232207104563713, 0.05008138716220856, -0.07201698422431946, -0.0054358248598873615, -0.08286050707101822, 0.015406344085931778, -0.01515193935483694, -0.027302665635943413, 0.038017019629478455, 0.07516174763441086, 0.004360048100352287, 0.0023042140528559685, -0.03768983483314514, -0.0024230913259088993, 0.026553338393568993, 0.021384647116065025, 0.008997256867587566, -0.011592600494623184, 0.061652667820453644, -0.0617775097489357, -0.0362909771502018, -0.009418699890375137, 0.05660298839211464, -0.03600216284394264, 0.03081502765417099, 0.003002260811626911, -0.021222546696662903, -0.02453913725912571, -0.01076546125113964, 0.04972899332642555, 0.006858368404209614, -0.022005625069141388, -0.02690800279378891, -0.004410451743751764, 0.011406498029828072, -0.04553376883268356, -0.05523037537932396, 0.0226972047239542, -0.04121633246541023, -0.004821510054171085, 0.023028196766972542, 0.004480371251702309, -0.01591188833117485, -0.00508623942732811, -0.04797505959868431, -0.024196522310376167, -0.002645698841661215, 0.044817302376031876, -0.005037323106080294, 0.0013050622073933482, 0.009299080818891525, 0.0016182197723537683, -0.023824281990528107, -0.0035637454129755497, 0.02287958562374115, -0.018603134900331497, 0.029394855722784996, -0.06689203530550003, -0.04298808053135872, -0.009042192250490189, 0.0912829041481018, -0.08662252128124237, 0.08359354734420776, 0.016610579565167427, 0.02113901451230049, -0.047227147966623306, -0.020151907578110695, -0.03337669000029564, 0.028130052611231804, -0.028595788404345512, -0.0016752483788877726, -0.034227125346660614, -0.07635948061943054, -0.04068071395158768, 0.028669919818639755, -0.015143832191824913, 0.01296885497868061, -0.015482663176953793, -0.01948097161948681, -0.04119396209716797, -0.019045136868953705, 0.02636575512588024, -0.023074693977832794, -0.049083609133958817, 0.002414482180029154, 0.0364842489361763, 0.04335206374526024, -0.047538068145513535, 0.003318510251119733, 0.05408770591020584, 0.07388168573379517, 0.001604215009137988, -0.023475106805562973, 0.025785228237509727, 0.04432414844632149, 0.019272183999419212, 0.024591650813817978, 0.0010546266566962004, -0.044730234891176224, -0.012658181600272655, -0.02044791541993618, -0.016832927241921425, -0.06113826483488083, 0.023595241829752922, -0.012037583626806736, 0.020413001999258995, -0.03226575255393982, -0.018160458654165268, 0.051968082785606384, -0.003447340102866292, 0.009256970137357712, -0.015233931131660938, -0.009527851827442646, -0.05291341245174408, 0.011612567119300365, 0.006977557670325041, -0.03518016263842583, -0.03930485248565674, -0.0001276486727874726, 0.016626132652163506, 0.07538244128227234, 0.02428065799176693, 0.006734115537256002, 0.024176830425858498, 0.01920175552368164, 0.01469421200454235, 0.04091921076178551, 0.014025022275745869, 0.056723929941654205, -0.0012834827648475766, -0.010481247678399086, 0.050992581993341446, -0.012629253789782524, -0.023359006270766258, -0.004304883535951376, 0.012881702743470669, -0.0312928631901741, 0.05685760825872421, -0.040318433195352554, -0.060076747089624405, -0.02856370061635971, 0.03750528395175934, -0.026586029678583145, -0.008281455375254154, 0.008017978630959988, -0.06657424569129944, -0.0018289064755663276, -0.026918329298496246, -0.02116956003010273, -0.011957339942455292, 0.02420751191675663, -0.024256203323602676, 0.016716716811060905, 0.0063661192543804646, -0.025667227804660797, -0.0711064487695694, 0.01467911433428526, -0.031246474012732506, 0.014255154877901077, 0.029361825436353683, -0.02523197792470455, -0.04340309277176857, 0.041822727769613266, 0.05896374583244324, 0.08478064090013504, -0.001713037840090692, 0.013689515180885792, 0.005246021319180727, -0.020662739872932434, 0.0012291744351387024, -0.016384616494178772, 0.004261736758053303, -0.05938958376646042, -0.022827662527561188, -0.056425634771585464, 0.027110576629638672, 0.01850656233727932, 0.052760712802410126, 0.06230573356151581, 0.02437090314924717, -0.04495817795395851, -0.038750339299440384, -0.02386450208723545, 0.04868931695818901, -0.04274695739150047, 0.005085103679448366, 0.02525193989276886, -0.02483373135328293, -0.010174375958740711, 0.02747523784637451, -0.005213058087974787, 0.037505827844142914, -0.059161193668842316, -0.011552728712558746, -0.0162903293967247, -0.02821117453277111, 0.035823553800582886, 0.0007740959990769625, -0.03452927619218826, 0.007126939482986927, -0.004797554109245539, -0.0049366457387804985, -0.024011626839637756, -0.007957551628351212, -0.02703082747757435, -0.006328603718429804, -0.028893359005451202, -0.045722752809524536, -0.00863721128553152, 0.010945143178105354, 0.03421634063124657, -0.09639659523963928, 0.049832217395305634, -0.04194340854883194, -0.018751827999949455, -0.01552700623869896, -0.055958185344934464, -0.02634233608841896, 0.027873963117599487, 0.03212127834558487, 0.005652266554534435, -0.012502554804086685, 0.010277444496750832, 0.010501429438591003, -0.039505816996097565, -0.022162966430187225, -0.05785834416747093, -0.06886027008295059, -0.0373179130256176, 0.004676513839513063, 0.06797292083501816, -0.003534998744726181, -0.046792250126600266, -0.06131144240498543, 0.04123317077755928, 0.026430508121848106, 0.0029124808497726917, -0.023551728576421738, -0.022014115005731583, 0.0249189380556345, -0.05472896248102188, -0.02547760121524334, 0.007092224434018135, 0.004840242210775614, 0.05692264810204506, -0.0071873972192406654, -0.023511581122875214, -0.007528738118708134, 0.01137155294418335, 0.005937196314334869, 0.04004722088575363, -0.03365255147218704, 0.0013367453357204795, 0.08694352954626083, 0.02299945056438446, 0.02310079336166382, -0.036377839744091034, -0.024389388039708138, -0.0028090868145227432, -0.030429651960730553, 0.02852609194815159, -0.015033925883471966, 0.0677429735660553, -0.014138438738882542, -0.11232281476259232, -0.023767884820699692, -0.02827649749815464, 0.0781094878911972, -0.004311316646635532, -0.015257053077220917, -0.023329226300120354, -0.010756281204521656, -0.01212979480624199, -0.011642402037978172, -0.026872118934988976, -0.00643160380423069, -0.025436315685510635, 0.01213054358959198, -0.050482187420129776, 0.005358160939067602, 0.006962044630199671, 0.037329282611608505, -0.014694076031446457, -0.00928422063589096, 0.0492144376039505, 0.07095914334058762, 0.09629566967487335, -0.06028024107217789, -0.05456579104065895, -0.026313073933124542, -0.017002318054437637, -0.0687028020620346, 0.07106050848960876, 0.010582092218101025, -0.03525923565030098, -0.022981753572821617, 0.02960725873708725, 0.037302304059267044, 0.019401319324970245, -0.034619685262441635, -0.02341642789542675, 0.031478915363550186, 0.006362473592162132, -0.00015480376896448433, -0.0009258964564651251, -0.05192689597606659, 0.024075394496321678, 0.004185955040156841, 0.0030322859529405832, 0.0010828101076185703, 0.006687862798571587, -0.011420471593737602, 0.040686897933483124, 0.008032355457544327, -0.000544336624443531, -0.050867583602666855, 0.02060648612678051, -0.05530091002583504, 0.017589101567864418, 0.025351805612444878, 0.07006713002920151, -0.06694524735212326, -0.01974594220519066, 0.02667243406176567, 0.007823753170669079, 0.010920468717813492, -0.003288805717602372, 0.01309377420693636, -0.030340367928147316, 0.0010336004197597504, 0.0009845213498920202, -0.0019373525865375996, 0.026354655623435974, -0.006451265420764685, 0.08803801238536835, 0.021940656006336212, 0.0010230053449049592, 0.01154944859445095, 0.0166440699249506, -0.022611631080508232, 0.008323337882757187, 0.08510343730449677, 0.038952238857746124, 0.01949995569884777, 0.0027154753915965557, -0.032625775784254074, -0.03270381689071655, 0.02818448096513748, -0.0038716846611350775, 0.03491532802581787, -0.040818262845277786, 0.03633740544319153, -0.029806382954120636, -0.05611761659383774, 0.03155161067843437, 0.03697049990296364, 0.033893708139657974, -0.09268949180841446, 0.05657944455742836, 0.028620213270187378, 0.04236208274960518, -0.0019677469972521067, -0.011547540314495564, 0.05598222091794014, 0.0030109179206192493, 0.07408909499645233, 0.0657132938504219, -0.020701278001070023, 0.06264837086200714, 0.013981057330965996, 0.03691724315285683, 0.02812959998846054, -0.004236495587974787, 0.07674972712993622, -0.011754574254155159, 0.03247440978884697, -0.006259005516767502, 0.04797537252306938, -0.017343362793326378, 0.031013179570436478, 0.05664128065109253, -0.01967211812734604, -0.024869950488209724, -0.06630650162696838, -0.012059311382472515, -0.08051978051662445, -0.07763249427080154, -0.006725297775119543, 0.07567296177148819, 0.008285382762551308, -0.05146626755595207, 0.020411064848303795, -0.009121120907366276, -0.0007191390031948686, 0.047898050397634506, -0.003751743584871292, 0.0543568879365921, -0.024835100397467613, -0.057161666452884674, 0.02350742183625698, 0.04061487689614296, 0.011917764320969582, -0.021547166630625725, 0.06298220902681351, 0.02060089446604252, -0.005340700037777424, 0.03627399727702141, 0.03555572032928467, 0.022962583228945732, 0.009296787902712822, -0.00876067578792572, 0.012357259169220924, 0.021054707467556, -0.004738734569400549, 0.030639169737696648, -0.022793134674429893, -0.008870272897183895, -0.03768924996256828, -0.0014267725637182593, 0.03627021983265877, -0.005071474704891443, -0.01007635798305273, -0.01668262667953968, 0.010154432617127895, -0.045952215790748596, 0.009576268494129181, 0.04109017550945282, -0.012208322063088417, -0.0340244434773922, -0.027500491589307785, 0.02147851139307022, -0.01731168106198311, 0.004419772420078516, 0.018992358818650246, 0.053507249802351, -0.01278594695031643, 0.04748755320906639, 0.00374148809351027, -0.012488874606788158, 0.011958724819123745, -0.041078075766563416, -0.05148729309439659, 0.013740208931267262, 0.019335083663463593, -0.007523463573306799, 0.004149780608713627, 0.006338205654174089, 0.010639495216310024, -0.019479237496852875, 0.034499142318964005, 0.005271757487207651, -0.014746195636689663, 0.04581298679113388, 0.010656660422682762, -0.010869013145565987, 0.00012883596355095506, -0.02074887417256832, 0.007262450642883778, 0.035791411995887756, -0.0006830974016338587, -0.027517225593328476, -0.027304718270897865, -0.017994100227952003, -0.04560017213225365, -0.008099652826786041, -0.021727124229073524, -0.0009146552765741944, -0.018618298694491386, -0.0013636485673487186, -0.01975114829838276, -0.037235110998153687, 0.021237919107079506, -0.024061687290668488, -0.020627791061997414, 0.04811139777302742, -0.0002727361279539764, 0.03634656220674515, -0.00557282567024231, 0.06387125700712204, -0.05584557726979256, -0.03164653480052948, 0.01481042429804802, -0.023771727457642555, -0.00822956021875143, -0.05204791575670242, -0.011626500636339188, -0.0012052853126078844, -0.03369522839784622, -0.06074073910713196, 0.0386304035782814, 0.0186319537460804, 0.11255709081888199, 0.009949921630322933, -0.026382911950349808, 0.05085550248622894, 0.043480440974235535, 0.04699654132127762, 0.002377032535150647, -0.0021621077321469784, 0.01208622194826603, 0.013006075285375118, 0.023232830688357353, -0.07536033540964127, -0.045912548899650574, -0.015152443200349808, -0.01028144359588623 ]
<p>If a rectangular pan has a constant and uniform temperature $T$ first, then put it in a vacuum. Considering the effect of thermal radiation, the temperature distribution of the rectangular blackbody will change. My question is, will the temperature of the corner be higher than the edge?</p>
g4616
[ 0.07356446236371994, -0.010556928813457489, 0.013333816081285477, -0.013632851652801037, 0.010766800493001938, -0.008569221012294292, -0.05571748688817024, 0.06013466790318489, -0.037708353251218796, 0.0023889471776783466, -0.026405317708849907, 0.07721584290266037, -0.0020464095287024975, -0.01330648548901081, 0.020985588431358337, -0.0036248487886041403, -0.009993718937039375, -0.030909081920981407, 0.017295051366090775, 0.018924806267023087, -0.03187550604343414, -0.020592348650097847, 0.02670826017856598, -0.08186966180801392, 0.005245247855782509, -0.017747700214385986, 0.006073263939470053, 0.036219507455825806, -0.03251160681247711, -0.06067163497209549, -0.006770828273147345, 0.03394738584756851, -0.014515765011310577, -0.02191380225121975, -0.03233234956860542, 0.029918093234300613, 0.0316627137362957, 0.03915299102663994, 0.003690856508910656, -0.014492613263428211, -0.010230882093310356, 0.008675355464220047, 0.04514238238334656, 0.0149823147803545, 0.019416622817516327, 0.039756618440151215, -0.0017550484044477344, 0.02349812351167202, 0.001768573303706944, 0.04319535940885544, -0.01359532866626978, -0.036787088960409164, 0.031330861151218414, -0.0723404660820961, 0.005185894668102264, -0.014683928340673447, -0.03037918172776699, -0.022925902158021927, 0.01128479652106762, 0.0205538310110569, -0.03373200446367264, 0.02566804550588131, -0.025385567918419838, -0.020063161849975586, 0.03314032778143883, 0.029142772778868675, -0.048234570771455765, 0.03469494730234146, -0.026487136259675026, -0.0030856288503855467, 0.002392504131421447, 0.0017492948099970818, -0.013567745685577393, -0.03623442351818085, -0.02890853025019169, 0.03227486461400986, -0.022302353754639626, -0.0126073332503438, -0.07655583322048187, 0.027423249557614326, -0.0528460256755352, 0.05264495313167572, 0.0191388800740242, 0.07652885466814041, 0.06363660842180252, -0.03880614414811134, 0.02408759482204914, 0.035450682044029236, -0.032016657292842865, 0.024983860552310944, 0.07685180008411407, 0.02860439196228981, 0.08859500288963318, 0.0092525789514184, 0.03530919924378395, -0.0039340537041425705, 0.011065930128097534, 0.0444781519472599, -0.01821514032781124, 0.015592099167406559, -0.013278745114803314, 0.014686732552945614, 0.035810891538858414, -0.03388819471001625, -0.027330098673701286, -0.0004899390623904765, -0.005635041743516922, -0.003988577052950859, -0.00913751870393753, 0.011991561390459538, -0.021489342674613, -0.06697368621826172, -0.08745478093624115, -0.07038188725709915, -0.04851863533258438, 0.011996296234428883, 0.07031384855508804, -0.044650524854660034, 0.04639694094657898, 0.053061593323946, 0.02694515883922577, 0.001685260096564889, 0.011764416471123695, 0.05489107221364975, 0.05443083867430687, -0.02693946100771427, -0.03482227399945259, -0.007366381119936705, 0.014971138909459114, -0.0023034922778606415, -0.016981320455670357, 0.04270618408918381, -0.038186896592378616, 0.04518589749932289, 0.03358512371778488, 0.08637414872646332, 0.014581341296434402, 0.005263167899101973, 0.016452614217996597, -0.01628997176885605, -0.008892404846847057, 0.016998950392007828, -0.02075120061635971, -0.003156015183776617, -0.03143603727221489, -0.0015110115054994822, -0.009452889673411846, -0.0009145900839939713, -0.011125002056360245, -0.0019521090434864163, 0.0034845906775444746, 0.08371260017156601, -0.013314949348568916, -0.0020616110414266586, -0.03753188997507095, -0.01359446533024311, 0.019919972866773605, 0.011047796346247196, 0.06771914660930634, -0.06354919821023941, 0.029334625229239464, 0.029736507683992386, 0.034659672528505325, 0.014531866647303104, -0.018482500687241554, -0.07162830233573914, -0.027216631919145584, -0.03205946832895279, -0.019620196893811226, -0.04347939416766167, 0.031044267117977142, 0.017783794552087784, -0.039305634796619415, 0.03335193917155266, -0.054999642074108124, -0.00801063422113657, 0.03617572411894798, 0.012804956175386906, 0.07432767748832703, -0.04745278134942055, -0.016286015510559082, 0.03133688494563103, 0.04139920696616173, -0.03791196271777153, 0.024995511397719383, -0.01196758821606636, 0.06343653798103333, 0.0160690750926733, -0.008213345892727375, -0.007579719182103872, -0.04158816114068031, -0.05470341444015503, -0.044492412358522415, 0.019404212012887, 0.05203939601778984, 0.004696504678577185, 0.010414892807602882, -0.02668718807399273, -0.017348336055874825, -0.02390194498002529, -0.05598853528499603, 0.01571871154010296, 0.03683316335082054, 0.005183168686926365, -0.023904234170913696, 0.02609432116150856, 0.013129603117704391, -0.01706080511212349, -0.018071722239255905, -0.01340391580015421, -0.022253768518567085, 0.021287748590111732, 0.043526291847229004, 0.06101660430431366, 0.025462772697210312, 0.09225966036319733, -0.051925335079431534, 0.023792194202542305, 0.02330305613577366, -0.011015526950359344, -0.053825344890356064, -0.003936471417546272, -0.0383344367146492, -0.016543082892894745, -0.020625915378332138, -0.0340258851647377, -0.08276842534542084, -0.07271748781204224, 0.015504959970712662, 0.017060989513993263, -0.0711408406496048, -0.03253081813454628, 0.0166836678981781, 0.004981105215847492, 0.0028710339684039354, -0.021484004333615303, -0.03644045814871788, 0.02526133321225643, 0.03937069699168205, -0.012391711585223675, 0.01762699894607067, -0.00704063568264246, -0.0670054703950882, -0.008051282726228237, 0.023932024836540222, 0.0017185471951961517, 0.02700267732143402, -0.032279957085847855, 0.017881600186228752, 0.0198076032102108, -0.031204447150230408, -0.012887963093817234, -0.027027389034628868, 0.027817953377962112, -0.021305015310645103, -0.024737820029258728, -0.03770681470632553, -0.006833419669419527, -0.03809967264533043, -0.04924275726079941, 0.0016938915941864252, -0.07381389290094376, 0.0097969276830554, -0.0018407925963401794, -0.07851973176002502, 0.029332928359508514, -0.06477311253547668, -0.0006232817540876567, 0.011244794353842735, 0.05846606567502022, -0.03513052687048912, 0.048300229012966156, 0.03978428617119789, 0.07507538050413132, 0.014161042869091034, -0.04141674563288689, 0.02895820513367653, -0.0341816246509552, 0.029480108991265297, -0.040070995688438416, -0.014526007696986198, 0.009263879619538784, -0.10871471464633942, 0.021972494199872017, 0.022792408242821693, -0.012709178030490875, -0.0321313701570034, -0.019745349884033203, -0.07996056228876114, -0.03370292857289314, 0.0011108695762231946, 0.050552841275930405, 0.00294491252861917, 0.058849725872278214, 0.01208354439586401, 0.004665570333600044, 0.022120598703622818, 0.009606913663446903, -0.021877409890294075, 0.03249570354819298, -0.030166439712047577, -0.055779166519641876, -0.042640890926122665, -0.05962328612804413, 0.04573769122362137, 0.007398754823952913, -0.033385951071977615, -0.06714940071105957, 0.08580311387777328, 0.010636147111654282, 0.032234322279691696, -0.009746376425027847, -0.040288493037223816, 0.056304384022951126, -0.017183713614940643, 0.02426844649016857, -0.015008196234703064, 0.0337376743555069, 0.028736373409628868, 0.00743530597537756, -0.015985623002052307, 0.02415977604687214, -0.05687427893280983, -0.018552809953689575, 0.0400206483900547, 0.06850526481866837, 0.0489053837954998, -0.020306454971432686, 0.007333078421652317, 0.06686044484376907, -0.0025601638481020927, 0.033789005130529404, 0.002223392017185688, 0.0003264974511694163, 0.04863399267196655, 0.03301591798663139, -0.02467220649123192, -0.042009152472019196, 0.02770133689045906, 0.0139019675552845, -0.044501788914203644, -0.0822131410241127, 0.0029768492095172405, 0.0038249148055911064, 0.09454645216464996, -0.0023514837957918644, -0.002660478698089719, 0.002972765825688839, -0.016776148229837418, 0.01767842285335064, 0.028121108189225197, -0.004836485255509615, 0.008238877169787884, 0.04035545513033867, -0.025028903037309647, 0.028057444840669632, -0.013839402236044407, 0.006367258727550507, 0.005412018857896328, 0.03235407546162605, -0.008751902729272842, -0.08123430609703064, 0.04338737949728966, -0.06681200116872787, 0.010631966404616833, 0.006101060658693314, 0.07424210757017136, 0.026154031977057457, 0.02070254273712635, 0.02173287607729435, -0.06565980613231659, -0.05563722550868988, -0.05055293068289757, 0.020551171153783798, 0.05175353214144707, 0.03940005972981453, -0.01775791123509407, 0.006147880107164383, -0.03309960290789604, 0.04087153077125549, -0.00783040001988411, 0.03075103834271431, -0.0018637811299413443, -0.007300035562366247, -0.008530358783900738, 0.07156691700220108, -0.0025300062261521816, -0.054838068783283234, 0.0455503836274147, -0.07614502310752869, 0.02108912728726864, -0.043333545327186584, 0.02996761165559292, -0.012626538053154945, 0.012494061142206192, -0.02849458158016205, -0.010830197483301163, -0.030543826520442963, -0.015356275252997875, -0.025222819298505783, 0.08606819808483124, 0.01930132880806923, 0.04467129334807396, -0.01788157969713211, -0.017161203548312187, 0.023987973108887672, 0.04481577128171921, -0.007640048861503601, -0.058133311569690704, -0.007465267088264227, -0.017081964761018753, -0.018826261162757874, 0.000005748780949943466, -0.028180750086903572, 0.06530425697565079, -0.007670908235013485, 0.02638084627687931, 0.04988044127821922, -0.05631512030959129, -0.010577678680419922, -0.030362596735358238, -0.02089063823223114, 0.026808328926563263, 0.01624630205333233, 0.006438000127673149, -0.007840348407626152, 0.018875930458307266, -0.011136439628899097, 0.006592248100787401, -0.01842707023024559, -0.01710277982056141, 0.002474541775882244, -0.05984910577535629, 0.026823749765753746, -0.037455908954143524, 0.046595681458711624, -0.05542932078242302, 0.002326004672795534, -0.044668689370155334, 0.03363809734582901, 0.013451986946165562, -0.005580088589340448, -0.021095668897032738, -0.022946935147047043, -0.03576722368597984, 0.04266168922185898, -0.018795989453792572, -0.03632080927491188, 0.009160359390079975, -0.02297838404774666, -0.010213878005743027, -0.025272918865084648, -0.038223542273044586, -0.02257385291159153, 0.014620627276599407, -0.09363285452127457, -0.006372322794049978, 0.0030666314996778965, 0.03605261817574501, -0.004138158634305, -0.057599280029535294, 0.011649206280708313, 0.010488544590771198, 0.02436532825231552, 0.03401658684015274, -0.008194131776690483, -0.030977880582213402, 0.06348495930433273, 0.006150231231004, 0.06098172068595886, -0.006970718037337065, 0.08791780471801758, -0.018420016393065453, 0.05053781718015671, -0.013368522748351097, 0.04861493036150932, -0.024594010785222054, -0.005564315710216761, 0.007673295680433512, -0.034983906894922256, -0.03812374174594879, -0.02691684290766716, 0.030095767229795456, -0.01949097029864788, -0.005930009763687849, -0.034184589982032776, -0.06006842106580734, 0.013921190984547138, 0.06522174924612045, -0.0050147902220487595, 0.012288516387343407, -0.01789742149412632, 0.019679872319102287, 0.04550705477595329, -0.013900673016905785, -0.01594904623925686, 0.05366523936390877, -0.042806778103113174, 0.05494938790798187, 0.02902698889374733, -0.03092993050813675, -0.0007138298242352903, 0.03536200895905495, -0.0020344939548522234, 0.037119533866643906, 0.032496996223926544, 0.0014801023062318563, -0.01919274590909481, 0.01928558200597763, 0.030249927192926407, 0.01580279879271984, 0.07093586772680283, 0.04051084443926811, -0.04582155868411064, 0.009603627026081085, -0.035430070012807846, 0.0182532649487257, -0.03610021248459816, -0.03085046447813511, 0.00182525091804564, 0.079576775431633, 0.017944157123565674, 0.020082084462046623, -0.024003444239497185, -0.008382592350244522, 0.07456722855567932, -0.009608146734535694, 0.025468308478593826, -0.029140306636691093, -0.0006484899786300957, 0.0544934906065464, 0.058642372488975525, 0.01157181616872549, 0.009595860727131367, -0.06653852015733719, 0.013364944607019424, 0.02693570964038372, 0.040621764957904816, 0.07915051281452179, 0.01775486022233963, -0.010225096717476845, -0.007772525306791067, 0.023164978250861168, 0.006789879407733679, -0.009931309148669243, 0.020271871238946915, -0.07296330481767654, 0.05830666422843933, -0.001098725711926818, -0.022055400535464287, -0.0016273661749437451, 0.03076423518359661, -0.012736527249217033, -0.020487627014517784, -0.011453360319137573, 0.02200513891875744, 0.06034833937883377, 0.013525770045816898, 0.010393977165222168, -0.02514086291193962, 0.028463130816817284, -0.05774647742509842, 0.0734567642211914, -0.008035409264266491, -0.013983541168272495, -0.0644693374633789, -0.0009034168324433267, -0.03625914454460144, 0.07602507621049881, 0.002100493060424924, 0.011387601494789124, -0.029975509271025658, 0.017703726887702942, -0.0125270402058959, 0.0043057529255747795, -0.03163083270192146, -0.03679610416293144, 0.010049731470644474, -0.030987270176410675, 0.034163184463977814, -0.05269068107008934, 0.018528619781136513, -0.0014340411871671677, -0.004695471376180649, -0.013651447370648384, 0.09007599949836731, -0.053210411220788956, 0.02219664305448532, 0.028026675805449486, -0.030884819105267525, -0.004080282058566809, -0.04021337255835533, 0.03986898437142372, 0.03978380560874939, -0.008785907179117203, 0.033738553524017334, -0.06672021001577377, -0.014882074669003487, -0.06408655643463135, 0.048066459596157074, 0.03195922449231148, -0.021901888772845268, -0.04331593215465546, -0.0011446907883509994, 0.008134884759783745, -0.03834833577275276, 0.019985968247056007, 0.016102775931358337, 0.0197698175907135, 0.01915457472205162, 0.09383419156074524, 0.0014493425842374563, -0.00747401500120759, -0.01649654097855091, -0.0007568530854769051, -0.02251446060836315, 0.04342380166053772, -0.00195330916903913, -0.010476892814040184, 0.005425043869763613, 0.004658838734030724, -0.011285225860774517, -0.07630015164613724, -0.006433014292269945, 0.07403416186571121, 0.03504733368754387, -0.04850140959024429, 0.0037392943631857634, 0.05453820526599884, -0.0051308670081198215, 0.019381752237677574, -0.03510615974664688, -0.07406323403120041, 0.0266699381172657, -0.004974793642759323, 0.02782316319644451, -0.06896574795246124, 0.0162349883466959, -0.0014053441118448973, 0.051395196467638016, -0.01647014543414116, -0.016784867271780968, 0.041731689125299454, 0.008220640011131763, -0.004822972696274519, 0.05871271342039108, -0.026891082525253296, 0.05755054950714111, -0.041999783366918564, 0.026987452059984207, 0.013558441773056984, -0.013533519580960274, -0.06469707936048508, 0.0020651728846132755, -0.008295704610645771, -0.025152720510959625, -0.005660868249833584, -0.01892148330807686, -0.026027319952845573, 0.001150463824160397, -0.02535979077219963, -0.09571988135576248, -0.05475606769323349, -0.010345508344471455, 0.05766894668340683, 0.02326807752251625, 0.025591183453798294, 0.0063093481585383415, -0.021923048421740532, -0.07918395847082138, -0.00904148630797863, -0.07429254055023193, -0.03274322301149368, -0.002862862078472972, 0.0111885080114007, 0.008140308782458305, -0.047614242881536484, 0.04391090199351311, 0.0024600434117019176, 0.021249888464808464, 0.03918839246034622, -0.011669250205159187, 0.006681523285806179, -0.012687308713793755, -0.013556858524680138, 0.055590782314538956, 0.0024899663403630257, -0.0013429473619908094, 0.09443794190883636, -0.051756832748651505, -0.04242749139666557, 0.0346548818051815, -0.04108012095093727, -0.003956568893045187, -0.01972840167582035, 0.0003419800486881286, -0.03646406531333923, -0.004015729296952486, -0.009657756425440311, -0.012480792589485645, 0.002926996909081936, 0.013963788747787476, -0.05501595139503479, 0.00003340281546115875, -0.020891746506094933, 0.047004349529743195, -0.007824688218533993, -0.05634984374046326, -0.021586930379271507, -0.01836109533905983, 0.07289945334196091, 0.039765626192092896, 0.06530021876096725, 0.028216982260346413, -0.03671951964497566, -0.04984646663069725, -0.050360582768917084, -0.01498443353921175, 0.0056661455892026424, 0.022630276158452034, -0.028828812763094902, 0.0036679832264781, -0.034096114337444305, -0.012440597638487816, 0.016016477718949318, -0.016566887497901917, -0.03435118868947029, -0.012482346035540104, 0.01695551536977291, 0.0032566601876169443, 0.06208997964859009, 0.018905356526374817, -0.02717333287000656, -0.013812972232699394, 0.020559625700116158, -0.00039972871309146285, 0.03483733907341957, 0.008285299874842167, 0.04632982984185219, 0.025252938270568848, -0.028101947158575058, -0.03489027917385101, 0.05803490802645683, -0.04417017847299576, -0.024660350754857063, 0.028017759323120117, -0.052472904324531555, -0.001609672443009913, 0.0187892597168684, 0.05864448472857475, -0.03142191842198372, -0.020020537078380585, -0.06260338425636292, 0.009053955785930157, 0.01584813743829727, -0.03503422066569328, 0.0031682769767940044, -0.011219995096325874, -0.0122342174872756, 0.04823513329029083, -0.09158967435359955, 0.0022318826522678137, 0.013396330177783966, -0.05120609700679779, -0.005859028082340956, 0.01973804086446762, 0.029322274029254913, -0.025185761973261833 ]
<p>As the air molecules are environment for carrying sound waves, could stream of photons be environment for carrying electromagnetic waves? What contradictions cause this assumption in the existing theories?</p>
g4617
[ -0.005512877833098173, 0.022904817014932632, 0.0032240517903119326, 0.04584350436925888, 0.016931740567088127, 0.09631582349538803, -0.014137559570372105, -0.029625482857227325, -0.015601576305925846, -0.0036631557159125805, 0.01933601126074791, -0.006582011468708515, -0.024091234430670738, 0.055320266634225845, -0.06192600727081299, 0.02416004240512848, 0.032016266137361526, -0.010034932754933834, -0.0031551255378872156, 0.002549059921875596, -0.09075406193733215, -0.020530205219984055, -0.013656922616064548, -0.07942330837249756, -0.0728917270898819, -0.009987954050302505, 0.065364770591259, -0.07506775856018066, -0.02825286239385605, -0.05643065273761749, 0.02679293230175972, -0.041574761271476746, 0.043244171887636185, 0.02032656967639923, -0.04824697598814964, -0.057940997183322906, -0.010116380639374256, 0.06419916450977325, 0.003766677575185895, 0.01897726207971573, 0.06372876465320587, -0.007742573507130146, -0.05885758250951767, 0.0021890304051339626, 0.01937820389866829, -0.020355191081762314, 0.013713624328374863, 0.04834338277578354, -0.013015522621572018, -0.04908156394958496, -0.0189760010689497, -0.019717486575245857, 0.015860745683312416, 0.08777587115764618, 0.03461683169007301, 0.05482317879796028, -0.02053312584757805, -0.03670449182391167, 0.031096016988158226, 0.009980089962482452, -0.008392023853957653, 0.039091113954782486, -0.011308522894978523, 0.005706914234906435, 0.042027465999126434, -0.058811627328395844, -0.03406890854239464, -0.03303435817360878, 0.002471382264047861, 0.00048245323705486953, 0.06842238456010818, -0.04557318240404129, -0.042576078325510025, 0.0452803373336792, 0.034110862761735916, 0.023704232648015022, -0.03430289402604103, 0.023226412013173103, 0.04189131036400795, 0.025994613766670227, 0.011205441318452358, 0.03988795727491379, 0.025042476132512093, -0.023250460624694824, 0.01993374526500702, -0.05121908709406853, -0.0322963185608387, -0.015934087336063385, 0.02000051736831665, -0.005254225805401802, -0.01310892216861248, -0.056819893419742584, 0.06760628521442413, 0.00019600878295022994, 0.00483221560716629, 0.02390979789197445, -0.04843248054385185, 0.050047386437654495, 0.01771671511232853, 0.018943943083286285, -0.004708028864115477, -0.039444029331207275, 0.009569678455591202, 0.04734073951840401, 0.01651008427143097, 0.050486523658037186, -0.04133598506450653, -0.013674107380211353, -0.030647991225123405, -0.0028980225324630737, -0.01944214478135109, 0.018700944259762764, -0.043466966599226, -0.025978077203035355, -0.02349269576370716, -0.039902713149785995, -0.0058672791346907616, -0.014647532254457474, 0.042386844754219055, 0.10226405411958694, 0.011346397921442986, 0.023609669879078865, -0.03359002247452736, 0.008251232095062733, 0.015801239758729935, 0.006619177758693695, -0.021691102534532547, -0.018310602754354477, 0.027382858097553253, -0.04401753842830658, 0.011976228095591068, 0.011025014333426952, -0.051056355237960815, 0.013658028095960617, 0.025688448920845985, -0.06494542956352234, 0.046153608709573746, -0.04025173559784889, -0.01519448310136795, -0.01579698547720909, 0.09454400837421417, 0.01068544015288353, 0.032344523817300797, -0.05892108380794525, -0.036329854279756546, -0.015613192692399025, 0.014393292367458344, -0.012677716091275215, 0.015064554288983345, -0.00314215081743896, 0.019289612770080566, 0.06742055714130402, 0.0005111518548801541, -0.002671897644177079, -0.008304949849843979, -0.02813347429037094, 0.007991381920874119, 0.028737546876072884, -0.014815651811659336, 0.048631343990564346, 0.04581834748387337, 0.0295467097312212, 0.03575693070888519, -0.005888808518648148, -0.05921970307826996, -0.007143011782318354, -0.017435267567634583, -0.01727885566651821, -0.04423316568136215, 0.003849038388580084, -0.051119640469551086, 0.011142517440021038, 0.0069036176428198814, 0.06915849447250366, 0.00010493728041183203, 0.06658056378364563, 0.048718880861997604, 0.009446273557841778, -0.02495124377310276, -0.004837178159505129, 0.01434892974793911, 0.024197082966566086, -0.03446067497134209, -0.058810945600271225, -0.01337397564202547, -0.0025762836448848248, -0.07912751287221909, -0.0204122606664896, -0.07927429676055908, -0.04940631240606308, -0.03993072360754013, 0.012198420241475105, -0.04304330796003342, 0.015613985247910023, -0.01898050867021084, -0.014024348929524422, -0.014811841771006584, -0.00162988540250808, -0.006689758971333504, 0.039114415645599365, -0.04710687696933746, 0.034592486917972565, 0.041685380041599274, -0.045804839581251144, 0.03469565883278847, 0.03915907442569733, -0.0026562984567135572, -0.04300590604543686, 0.019565485417842865, -0.0061337086372077465, 0.012462385930120945, -0.00961499847471714, 0.013780811801552773, 0.005955052096396685, 0.004566015210002661, -0.0072846501134335995, -0.028416721150279045, -0.021354440599679947, -0.007741054054349661, 0.03830738738179207, -0.018103471025824547, 0.000011617455129453447, -0.00503395264968276, 0.015180462971329689, 0.003388234181329608, -0.03275448456406593, -0.03556489944458008, -0.020081359893083572, -0.044782787561416626, -0.0020503741689026356, 0.006643835920840502, 0.0314953587949276, 0.004498830996453762, -0.015657950192689896, 0.049139637500047684, 0.054821159690618515, -0.008319441229104996, -0.011897627264261246, 0.016541529446840286, -0.0027011653874069452, 0.03469561040401459, 0.009221568703651428, -0.07043460756540298, -0.02102060429751873, -0.03158969059586525, -0.03208131343126297, -0.01287694089114666, -0.05646004155278206, -0.0006617541657760739, 0.0340440534055233, 0.020353732630610466, -0.029484041035175323, 0.02465251088142395, -0.008094088174402714, -0.02497330866754055, -0.04476703330874443, 0.014465905725955963, 0.022437062114477158, 0.04392547532916069, -0.010805467143654823, -0.04871460795402527, -0.07197248935699463, -0.023769302293658257, -0.04627754166722298, -0.044800881296396255, 0.0060803247615695, -0.0359485000371933, 0.022916464135050774, 0.0071626449935138226, -0.04080156236886978, 0.025468386709690094, 0.04352598264813423, -0.0010993521427735686, 0.018753953278064728, -0.000521300476975739, 0.010563647374510765, 0.004049696493893862, 0.03082362748682499, 0.04767826199531555, 0.00685953488573432, -0.04483794420957565, -0.01938171312212944, -0.035842183977365494, -0.02925841696560383, 0.034717462956905365, -0.07689981162548065, -0.014134657569229603, 0.02861541509628296, 0.006615626625716686, -0.009423269890248775, 0.03215872123837471, 0.021070335060358047, 0.04122929647564888, 0.0637158527970314, -0.028770485892891884, 0.05182700604200363, 0.039036400616168976, -0.004257931839674711, 0.011344199068844318, 0.044312313199043274, 0.002604337641969323, 0.025991234928369522, 0.018655218183994293, -0.02492627687752247, 0.009324111044406891, 0.014492793940007687, -0.043726108968257904, -0.02125745452940464, 0.060635268688201904, 0.0001031085048452951, 0.01913939230144024, 0.04854220151901245, 0.01513211615383625, 0.039916690438985825, 0.004840606823563576, -0.02153579331934452, -0.0420696958899498, -0.0003158525505568832, 0.0648709088563919, 0.0374770388007164, -0.01052910927683115, -0.02797226421535015, 0.018369676545262337, -0.026144005358219147, 0.07768544554710388, -0.0023046366404742002, 0.0110072186216712, 0.007622804492712021, -0.04927735775709152, 0.000009328213309345301, -0.0008558941772207618, -0.03734533116221428, -0.009313910268247128, 0.007214176468551159, 0.00017943719285540283, -0.05693333223462105, 0.027355674654245377, 0.027566328644752502, -0.016150228679180145, -0.05854353681206703, 0.0302277822047472, -0.014397552236914635, -0.004284699447453022, -0.017343780025839806, 0.003930467180907726, 0.01729540154337883, -0.00007923709199531004, 0.015080397017300129, 0.06405999511480331, -0.06233732029795647, 0.014899921603500843, 0.014956600032746792, -0.0033571640960872173, 0.0587717704474926, -0.04065435379743576, 0.0015831388300284743, 0.03826679661870003, 0.03583141043782234, 0.07951224595308304, -0.03741561248898506, -0.058390673249959946, -0.016922011971473694, 0.07845636457204819, -0.04127398505806923, 0.014030260033905506, 0.020294733345508575, -0.02042427659034729, 0.0352117158472538, 0.03398986533284187, 0.0041837310418486595, -0.020245525985956192, 0.000494910404086113, -0.07413423806428909, 0.020611437037587166, 0.008295649662613869, -0.03609438240528107, 0.016793135553598404, -0.004128233529627323, -0.055469729006290436, 0.028531689196825027, 0.001271683257073164, 0.014331568032503128, 0.04473157599568367, 0.05270875245332718, 0.0037859308067709208, -0.021094925701618195, -0.030206842347979546, 0.04415757954120636, -0.06752262264490128, 0.033245719969272614, -0.04128602519631386, 0.004839280620217323, -0.07138326019048691, -0.03831085190176964, 0.000002010424168474856, -0.04135953634977341, 0.0000370875459339004, -0.057919591665267944, -0.04085483402013779, 0.0471704937517643, 0.07777738571166992, 0.0023364503867924213, 0.022560125216841698, 0.0004390259273350239, -0.028342049568891525, 0.04763002321124077, 0.03969397768378258, 0.0018778032390400767, -0.05615686997771263, 0.0032908152788877487, 0.02179381623864174, 0.03652099519968033, -0.01556102093309164, 0.0027849413454532623, 0.002038263948634267, 0.009936216287314892, -0.0076802936382591724, -0.04999624565243721, 0.06809436529874802, 0.022620126605033875, -0.017383933067321777, 0.03715146705508232, -0.0039027826860547066, -0.01753026433289051, 0.02113037183880806, 0.07710904628038406, 0.11082585155963898, -0.02269039675593376, -0.009414342232048512, -0.04339092597365379, -0.05031328648328781, -0.014796768315136433, -0.025083791464567184, 0.03674428164958954, -0.006078634411096573, 0.042149752378463745, -0.040699779987335205, 0.003644904587417841, 0.049863338470458984, 0.04799259454011917, 0.08778717368841171, -0.03969622030854225, 0.008334468118846416, -0.016264595091342926, 0.0073819453828036785, 0.07699484378099442, 0.007581264711916447, -0.03912698104977608, -0.00023491842148359865, 0.059036221355199814, -0.033445071429014206, 0.03190826252102852, -0.01310387346893549, 0.02691071666777134, -0.020665699616074562, 0.04055565968155861, -0.0344182625412941, -0.007411124184727669, 0.03060462884604931, -0.028377166017889977, -0.047329872846603394, 0.022953398525714874, 0.012227095663547516, 0.018338216468691826, 0.046300008893013, -0.003765970002859831, -0.007764828857034445, -0.008900715038180351, -0.07433321326971054, -0.04175345599651337, 0.012665915302932262, 0.006743280682712793, 0.008974390104413033, 0.07035450637340546, 0.009618865326046944, -0.009792391210794449, -0.05212748423218727, -0.03384406492114067, -0.0512942373752594, -0.03400111198425293, 0.08956849575042725, -0.013370474800467491, 0.015849780291318893, 0.08448875695466995, -0.025156008079648018, 0.015060629695653915, -0.06576722860336304, 0.0480806864798069, -0.0417257621884346, -0.054309599101543427, 0.028376130387187004, -0.020077576860785484, -0.08626934885978699, -0.05225245654582977, -0.018378686159849167, 0.032174427062273026, -0.017363639548420906, -0.00855270680040121, -0.01944739930331707, -0.03093024343252182, -0.011939067393541336, -0.023701488971710205, 0.06059351935982704, -0.0159115232527256, 0.0469076931476593, 0.006355820689350367, 0.01929040253162384, 0.03513946011662483, -0.007003991864621639, 0.04314866662025452, 0.025707222521305084, -0.03637910634279251, -0.05049874633550644, 0.0565112940967083, 0.05171484872698784, -0.06828300654888153, -0.05172835662961006, 0.01809224858880043, 0.002308149356395006, -0.02089998498558998, 0.007878640666604042, 0.0020755166187882423, -0.0038978306110948324, -0.01902899332344532, 0.018616123124957085, 0.03423088788986206, 0.021327901631593704, -0.05584300681948662, 0.02120082639157772, 0.03604390099644661, 0.02316266857087612, 0.002405524253845215, 0.04935115575790405, 0.00980738177895546, 0.09191830456256866, -0.05315710976719856, 0.018263930454850197, 0.017208773642778397, 0.0037431828677654266, 0.04210609942674637, -0.03361601382493973, -0.02765733003616333, -0.030699348077178, 0.07092999666929245, 0.05386191979050636, 0.05211733281612396, 0.030544355511665344, 0.04674810916185379, 0.08207407593727112, -0.05825329199433327, -0.005836671683937311, 0.06693687289953232, -0.02244543842971325, -0.017144570127129555, 0.006171640008687973, -0.03907056152820587, 0.00837335642427206, -0.004694563802331686, -0.03499212488532066, -0.0009236200130544603, 0.06963708251714706, 0.06462614983320236, -0.01625610515475273, -0.018763691186904907, 0.04329720139503479, 0.029401008039712906, 0.003991519566625357, 0.006960725877434015, 0.009180711582303047, 0.02285325527191162, -0.07266904413700104, 0.03797600418329239, 0.003860675496980548, -0.03617902845144272, -0.02825060859322548, -0.032897401601076126, 0.028250347822904587, -0.05776859447360039, -0.011971402913331985, -0.042970169335603714, 0.029309960082173347, 0.005059188697487116, 0.009995106607675552, -0.07371131330728531, -0.028508057817816734, -0.04791315272450447, 0.006152436602860689, 0.0016689016483724117, 0.06829030066728592, -0.001324990764260292, 0.013042769394814968, -0.0431709885597229, -0.02138354815542698, -0.018306272104382515, -0.06403173506259918, -0.056090544909238815, 0.03166733682155609, 0.010357101447880268, 0.03575257584452629, 0.005057208240032196, 0.07999500632286072, -0.032384004443883896, 0.009015231393277645, 0.007251419126987457, 0.03291837126016617, 0.024444404989480972, -0.061933379620313644, 0.032126329839229584, -0.02195851504802704, 0.007883298210799694, -0.03411688655614853, -0.04034005105495453, 0.031162798404693604, -0.007558648474514484, -0.01888960413634777, -0.04656178504228592, -0.00997068639844656, 0.03678147494792938, -0.041031643748283386, 0.01451687142252922, 0.021587679162621498, 0.02190028689801693, -0.0076330662705004215, -0.035052187740802765, 0.03628072515130043, 0.005665592849254608, -0.026561841368675232, 0.0005765806417912245, 0.022122636437416077, 0.046501196920871735, 0.01073377300053835, 0.03921449929475784, 0.019058238714933395, -0.006726336199790239, -0.028705282136797905, -0.011884704232215881, 0.0032842308282852173, -0.05195785313844681, 0.01310184970498085, -0.0025776783004403114, 0.0012532570399343967, 0.04462294280529022, 0.06553620100021362, 0.025025321170687675, -0.032529495656490326, -0.006800324190407991, 0.028925752267241478, -0.040388837456703186, -0.033135849982500076, -0.04680781811475754, -0.021610772237181664, -0.04268840700387955, 0.033903058618307114, -0.03241224214434624, 0.009005069732666016, -0.013847026973962784, -0.011937172152101994, 0.007929169572889805, -0.03444364666938782, -0.05923334136605263, -0.07011854648590088, -0.08125556260347366, -0.013632222078740597, 0.05742526054382324, -0.016215596348047256, 0.014484362676739693, 0.03065739944577217, -0.08424447476863861, -0.036276016384363174, -0.009588138200342655, -0.00007305580948013812, -0.00038636161480098963, 0.014660001732409, -0.053871821612119675, -0.08063895255327225, -0.03094419091939926, -0.016745740547776222, 0.07059528678655624, -0.021120311692357063, 0.03587131202220917, 0.025463905185461044, 0.029084959998726845, 0.03885002061724663, -0.023042071610689163, 0.03201855346560478, -0.017654063180088997, 0.019270125776529312, -0.01896621845662594, 0.030964110046625137, -0.05769090726971626, -0.004023788496851921, -0.005682701710611582, 0.006753616034984589, -0.011956163682043552, -0.03187006339430809, -0.0020393873564898968, 0.08585358411073685, 0.029813241213560104, 0.009039975702762604, -0.0026672077365219593, -0.06092996522784233, -0.017191875725984573, -0.026930250227451324, 0.03215601667761803, -0.00607330771163106, -0.0062406291253864765, 0.06080230697989464, 0.02724834717810154, -0.00878152996301651, -0.039046142250299454, -0.006097897887229919, 0.010385938920080662, -0.028721779584884644, 0.06884151697158813, 0.04882087931036949, 0.00014521097182296216, -0.01737770438194275, 0.058472972363233566, 0.02015095204114914, -0.01564886048436165, -0.023285401985049248, 0.011808366514742374, -0.05976884812116623, 0.03238401189446449, -0.011003089137375355, 0.014857486821711063, 0.03763878345489502, -0.014517958275973797, -0.026668686419725418, -0.08198457956314087, -0.0047780717723071575, 0.029025521129369736, 0.017252489924430847, -0.06963808089494705, -0.005347286816686392, -0.003101624781265855, -0.036732085049152374, 0.034702129662036896, -0.015767931938171387, -0.008209878578782082, -0.0007328834035433829, 0.0009366818703711033, -0.022307097911834717, -0.03065519966185093, -0.026362909004092216, -0.06737971305847168, -0.03337176889181137, -0.007878094911575317, 0.025466391816735268, -0.023356638848781586, 0.011317000724375248, 0.046704474836587906, 0.031030790880322456, 0.06728438287973404, 0.0327288843691349, -0.05417138710618019, 0.0549309216439724, 0.049741100519895554, 0.03873547166585922, 0.020607171580195427, -0.027052748948335648, -0.0017962540732696652, 0.03166162595152855, -0.04505782946944237, -0.016462653875350952, -0.010717106983065605, -0.01949351094663143, 0.005591419991105795 ]
<p>All around I read that buoyancy is numerically equal to the weight of fluid <strong>displaced</strong> by a submerged object, the volume of displaced fluid being equal to that of the <strong>submerged portion</strong> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes%27_principle" rel="nofollow" title="Wikipedia - Archimedes' principle">(Wikipedia)</a>. However, thinking about it brought me to believe that such wording is not very good.</p> <p>Consider the 2D example below of a box being sunk into water.</p> <p><img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/gJ5MV.png" alt="Archimedes 1"></p> <p>In this example, it is clear that the buoyancy is equal to the weight of 4 cm² of water, which is the volume of the submerged box. However, closer inspection reveals that this does not match the displaced volume.</p> <p><img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/pBWhx.png" alt="Archimedes 2"></p> <p>I concluded that the common definition works well when the body of fluid is large compared to the object, such that its surface level does not change significantly upon submersion. In this case, <em>displaced volume</em> matches <em>volume of submerged portion</em>. However, for the more general case (including example above), it would be more accurate to forgo <em>displaced volume</em> and hang on to <em>volume of submerged portion</em> only.</p> <p>Am I missing something here? Is the original, ubiquitous wording indeed accurate?</p>
g151
[ 0.031834445893764496, 0.013753318227827549, -0.013151077553629875, -0.03644106164574623, 0.02140161767601967, 0.07787910103797913, 0.024864383041858673, 0.021960575133562088, -0.022412771359086037, -0.024222616106271744, 0.037931255996227264, -0.022426096722483635, 0.04511435329914093, -0.018975989893078804, -0.024210916832089424, 0.0019714334048330784, 0.046326763927936554, -0.013135516084730625, -0.02748926728963852, -0.001145913265645504, -0.033147506415843964, 0.0208720900118351, -0.0388154499232769, 0.015932327136397362, -0.09369124472141266, -0.0041156308725476265, 0.009028133004903793, -0.0013425397919490933, -0.024662362411618233, -0.02051398530602455, -0.06061544269323349, 0.006644182838499546, 0.004518560133874416, -0.05041620507836342, -0.019548768177628517, -0.009274309501051903, -0.034740377217531204, -0.023543979972600937, 0.03666294738650322, -0.0035326573997735977, 0.0174180306494236, 0.028764428570866585, -0.03382328897714615, 0.0377865731716156, -0.07739243656396866, -0.00534830242395401, -0.022879360243678093, -0.025308256968855858, -0.030233150348067284, -0.099057137966156, 0.03128466755151749, -0.008950725197792053, -0.004428323358297348, 0.017872938886284828, 0.020724859088659286, 0.00848280731588602, -0.020475836470723152, 0.027716048061847687, -0.05242111161351204, -0.023656463250517845, 0.004088184796273708, 0.0009694318869151175, -0.02288985624909401, 0.004844584967941046, 0.06774340569972992, 0.045343853533267975, -0.09884536266326904, -0.02001277543604374, -0.013399777002632618, 0.0027723137754946947, 0.03917316347360611, 0.0057560475543141365, -0.041403040289878845, -0.06531195342540741, -0.07464868575334549, 0.01598828099668026, -0.002803416922688484, 0.0055036540143191814, 0.03462549299001694, -0.026595599949359894, -0.015061700716614723, 0.06781626492738724, 0.025124959647655487, 0.02702396549284458, 0.10837489366531372, 0.006876339204609394, -0.03247523307800293, 0.046354349702596664, 0.029976297169923782, 0.0008023534319363534, -0.022834504023194313, -0.02508367970585823, 0.08272513747215271, 0.056894537061452866, 0.0037052640691399574, -0.0574929416179657, 0.00033140479354187846, 0.004487289115786552, -0.05841907113790512, 0.01815599761903286, -0.031411439180374146, 0.018555091693997383, -0.03394566476345062, 0.020964056253433228, -0.04295669123530388, 0.08622005581855774, 0.0627618059515953, 0.019165877252817154, 0.01910668984055519, -0.0029914374463260174, -0.01127877738326788, -0.026932507753372192, -0.005640690214931965, -0.0411863811314106, -0.029125835746526718, -0.04859182611107826, 0.0414627343416214, 0.04212464019656181, -0.03129875659942627, 0.018199777230620384, -0.05996598303318024, 0.05129758268594742, 0.06683829426765442, 0.0633782148361206, 0.057854752987623215, -0.033266469836235046, -0.02872161567211151, 0.04578965902328491, -0.006256973836570978, 0.002574272220954299, 0.004700693767517805, -0.02173589915037155, -0.0373358316719532, 0.006944241933524609, 0.02324095368385315, -0.003950035199522972, -0.03455075994133949, 0.0065565514378249645, -0.02160589024424553, 0.001962091540917754, 0.037218064069747925, -0.03908282518386841, -0.0049224477261304855, -0.014726485125720501, 0.01211275439709425, -0.0345555804669857, 0.016234930604696274, 0.026249190792441368, 0.028820302337408066, 0.0072521427646279335, 0.024673277512192726, 0.10224907100200653, -0.013732995837926865, -0.030425559729337692, 0.051297642290592194, 0.001876557245850563, 0.051130566745996475, -0.00962707120925188, -0.006424503866583109, 0.00797862745821476, -0.007755879778414965, 0.05762229859828949, 0.011738629080355167, -0.005540323909372091, 0.0262213833630085, 0.031440865248441696, -0.0213926974684, -0.04414789378643036, -0.02176583558320999, -0.029117388650774956, -0.07863941043615341, -0.03574110195040703, -0.03879810497164726, 0.07530380040407181, -0.031206300482153893, -0.004351500421762466, 0.08090055733919144, -0.011610397137701511, -0.012862914241850376, 0.039640750735998154, -0.014438759535551071, 0.05513246729969978, 0.008208328858017921, 0.0036510222125798464, -0.043932877480983734, 0.021843181923031807, -0.0021090484224259853, 0.014374861493706703, -0.022779680788517, -0.012680777348577976, -0.034129805862903595, -0.012727165594696999, 0.01327828411012888, 0.07282016426324844, 0.01982971280813217, 0.008600483648478985, 0.08765320479869843, -0.041371721774339676, -0.021224748343229294, 0.02094775252044201, 0.010285870172083378, -0.013084685429930687, 0.03602108359336853, -0.023267650976777077, 0.01761007122695446, 0.029558785259723663, -0.041929636150598526, 0.010214478708803654, -0.021130500361323357, 0.0410141684114933, 0.025470567867159843, 0.000047864290536381304, -0.01947527751326561, -0.03584086894989014, 0.003702665911987424, -0.01350053958594799, -0.05162256211042404, 0.13026383519172668, 0.041267719119787216, 0.0031025782227516174, -0.021645432338118553, 0.02999533899128437, -0.01860588788986206, -0.008240842260420322, 0.008044418878853321, 0.020461292937397957, -0.03064030036330223, -0.01035188790410757, 0.003022748278453946, -0.010530318133533001, -0.00693291611969471, -0.028133634477853775, 0.016378875821828842, -0.0464378297328949, 0.0670824646949768, 0.05155076086521149, 0.00499004079028964, 0.024356115609407425, 0.054189249873161316, 0.06206479296088219, 0.02112765610218048, -0.01705341413617134, -0.04433516412973404, -0.022178445011377335, -0.00861291028559208, 0.025490576401352882, -0.011919891461730003, -0.0048307087272405624, 0.010517967864871025, 0.020533191040158272, -0.0567346066236496, -0.03296839818358421, 0.0168528463691473, -0.01681585982441902, 0.032993342727422714, 0.06992946565151215, -0.0366118960082531, -0.06322108954191208, 0.007082871161401272, 0.02478019893169403, 0.01032275427132845, -0.05462559312582016, -0.019918382167816162, 0.0015341424150392413, -0.05499262735247612, -0.06055616959929466, -0.032802268862724304, -0.006385978311300278, 0.06085981801152229, 0.019863223657011986, 0.019406871870160103, 0.03261597454547882, 0.037077534943819046, 0.08520270138978958, -0.002173021202906966, -0.004479051101952791, -0.022884100675582886, 0.03495100885629654, 0.022964676842093468, 0.008288078010082245, 0.031231548637151718, 0.029033919796347618, -0.05746432766318321, 0.01081325113773346, 0.03276408091187477, -0.061229705810546875, -0.016904132440686226, 0.02839479222893715, 0.00014444513362832367, 0.013523693196475506, 0.09887716174125671, -0.026307206600904465, 0.009845922701060772, -0.012244531884789467, 0.025844331830739975, 0.05136655271053314, 0.06357785314321518, -0.06786610186100006, -0.05290854722261429, 0.03606877848505974, -0.019329288974404335, 0.047986045479774475, 0.0440293587744236, -0.026013262569904327, 0.029769450426101685, 0.04016498103737831, 0.0019900172483175993, -0.024997247382998466, -0.004063345026224852, -0.013716435059905052, -0.05581613630056381, 0.008216978050768375, 0.0011053676716983318, -0.0517512783408165, -0.040040623396635056, -0.02642226032912731, -0.035402532666921616, -0.029188605025410652, -0.009693373925983906, -0.019390957430005074, -0.05031714215874672, 0.03153585270047188, -0.006626512855291367, 0.023978617042303085, 0.028121445327997208, -0.005290188826620579, -0.02959137037396431, 0.060906656086444855, -0.03212462365627289, 0.01838371716439724, 0.029777798801660538, 0.017911814153194427, -0.017396070063114166, -0.0236667413264513, -0.008185201324522495, 0.017708197236061096, 0.06939127296209335, -0.0109007703140378, 0.04358568415045738, -0.008121341466903687, 0.020621949806809425, -0.06192100793123245, 0.05853761360049248, -0.03159588202834129, 0.017182854935526848, -0.02968422695994377, -0.00408037519082427, 0.023915816098451614, -0.050494350492954254, -0.014730212278664112, 0.029450323432683945, 0.022833257913589478, 0.002705034799873829, 0.003657866735011339, 0.0009212473523803055, 0.03509936481714249, 0.026521114632487297, 0.036530569195747375, -0.061853911727666855, 0.042347606271505356, 0.02715940773487091, -0.009900776669383049, 0.03117818385362625, 0.008654789067804813, -0.01736678183078766, -0.004981848876923323, -0.025569742545485497, 0.022015787661075592, -0.02780294045805931, -0.014616338536143303, 0.0011672631371766329, -0.06676369905471802, -0.05968000367283821, -0.00395645247772336, 0.07833891361951828, -0.045542601495981216, 0.05681777372956276, -0.0389086939394474, -0.043048832565546036, -0.06646264344453812, 0.0832146555185318, 0.008778142742812634, -0.0007623560959473252, -0.006499513518065214, -0.03438790887594223, 0.03935916721820831, -0.07498052716255188, -0.002166055841371417, 0.030283452942967415, -0.02050844207406044, -0.05772244185209274, 0.026594188064336777, -0.02782786823809147, 0.02517840638756752, 0.04957175254821777, 0.007110736798495054, -0.010250136256217957, -0.0033734855242073536, -0.05473499372601509, 0.02805953100323677, 0.011856479570269585, 0.02296057902276516, -0.014761281199753284, 0.018220506608486176, 0.013673825189471245, -0.023243635892868042, 0.06321635097265244, -0.07621865719556808, -0.05386100709438324, -0.02271323837339878, 0.03565026819705963, -0.0027214407455176115, -0.03649110347032547, -0.010875589214265347, -0.002036517485976219, 0.03181923180818558, -0.00899242702871561, 0.005914938636124134, 0.016944358125329018, -0.0029612763319164515, 0.03513040021061897, 0.04278683289885521, -0.07356133311986923, 0.001981694484129548, -0.05802922695875168, -0.017169320955872536, -0.01212342455983162, 0.018373915925621986, 0.05429574474692345, -0.005886988714337349, -0.0060189650394022465, 0.011610428802669048, 0.018771156668663025, 0.046839285641908646, 0.005803071428090334, 0.0032072782050818205, 0.05072412267327309, 0.018197735771536827, 0.03122451715171337, 0.041680701076984406, -0.0011022081598639488, 0.004729458596557379, -0.043182987719774246, 0.0005757379694841802, -0.001210640068165958, 0.03098263591527939, -0.0060624838806688786, 0.019022155553102493, 0.0476679764688015, 0.0043347906321287155, -0.056478578597307205, 0.05171746388077736, 0.07113722711801529, -0.0005077801179140806, 0.01232547964900732, 0.025117944926023483, -0.03446602076292038, -0.036892201751470566, -0.03261585533618927, -0.07105991244316101, -0.017556095495820045, -0.05108267813920975, -0.0046903109177947044, -0.0032145825680345297, 0.022143524140119553, -0.009202161803841591, -0.017411017790436745, 0.0021249696146696806, -0.014045012183487415, -0.0004351138777565211, 0.0038945022970438004, 0.014564202167093754, 0.008662642911076546, 0.016769248992204666, 0.02554788999259472, 0.03757152333855629, 0.029320048168301582, -0.04582780972123146, 0.03461913764476776, -0.09456141293048859, -0.03070703148841858, -0.03723444044589996, -0.012321428395807743, 0.03911576047539711, -0.04520595073699951, 0.024043085053563118, 0.029463818296790123, 0.04645230993628502, -0.020796792581677437, 0.029599633067846298, -0.000015038001038192306, -0.037648383527994156, -0.01931031607091427, -0.000006329129519144772, -0.029366739094257355, -0.010280701331794262, 0.0023667234927415848, 0.014069031924009323, -0.02631848305463791, 0.028291823342442513, -0.043231695890426636, 0.02128545381128788, 0.03408969193696976, -0.0016201313119381666, -0.011326485313475132, -0.0009774821810424328, 0.050335537642240524, 0.021692320704460144, -0.024592066183686256, 0.022411607205867767, 0.051481377333402634, -0.03700334578752518, -0.012468449771404266, -0.036622337996959686, 0.0031369798816740513, -0.08347203582525253, 0.008188826963305473, 0.05871211737394333, 0.02709602378308773, 0.029795784503221512, 0.0006066536880098283, -0.006008031312376261, 0.04447776451706886, 0.003660553600639105, -0.049559589475393295, -0.0012245816178619862, -0.032130733132362366, -0.032271381467580795, -0.013449421152472496, 0.043757762759923935, 0.011245228350162506, 0.0471721775829792, -0.025380749255418777, -0.018549270927906036, -0.06565234810113907, -0.0564102903008461, -0.07171905785799026, 0.012787536717951298, 0.05290074273943901, -0.04009518772363663, 0.045678842812776566, -0.009585944004356861, 0.01091394480317831, 0.10382179915904999, -0.008822835981845856, 0.04420407861471176, -0.0482824482023716, -0.08385542780160904, 0.06577657908201218, -0.04172587767243385, -0.00899603869765997, 0.06488832086324692, -0.03917214646935463, 0.06212877109646797, -0.019168997183442116, -0.026023808866739273, -0.020688513293862343, -0.04598269984126091, -0.05368625745177269, -0.010935456492006779, 0.010189136490225792, -0.017569873481988907, 0.019221127033233643, 0.003853933187201619, 0.009809336625039577, -0.013849652372300625, -0.010571335442364216, 0.026951899752020836, -0.05348910018801689, 0.10351427644491196, -0.03206707164645195, -0.0764663964509964, 0.06842312216758728, -0.011808712966740131, -0.0009039995493367314, 0.031325485557317734, -0.04712678864598274, 0.010249689221382141, -0.025394026190042496, 0.02252957783639431, 0.013698453083634377, -0.028259597718715668, 0.03330238163471222, -0.05883609130978584, -0.03962972015142441, -0.030301041901111603, -0.038413260132074356, -0.004552885890007019, 0.045877255499362946, -0.02427905984222889, 0.02052835375070572, -0.005555279552936554, -0.038635242730379105, -0.010350127704441547, -0.015581022948026657, 0.007109200116246939, 0.01781749725341797, 0.026723749935626984, -0.022037213668227196, 0.021481269970536232, 0.008539830334484577, 0.007684630341827869, -0.03136424347758293, -0.055120088160037994, 0.06217733398079872, 0.01454097032546997, 0.016293833032250404, -0.05768169090151787, -0.057853177189826965, -0.03360208868980408, -0.000012601937669387553, 0.036923687905073166, -0.003853048663586378, -0.017970355227589607, -0.02161727473139763, -0.07923947274684906, -0.005332892760634422, -0.009908104315400124, -0.00802362710237503, 0.004821053706109524, -0.02542276866734028, -0.02121509611606598, 0.05068955570459366, 0.012611333280801773, 0.06311936676502228, 0.056737519800662994, -0.07518211752176285, 0.025102945044636726, 0.02038407512009144, -0.013095712289214134, 0.015666360035538673, -0.018933897837996483, 0.08430495113134384, 0.01666310615837574, 0.003207169007509947, 0.048417698591947556, -0.003626149846240878, 0.02922946959733963, 0.05257706344127655, 0.039430953562259674, -0.033414244651794434, 0.007948258891701698, 0.02376396581530571, -0.008733673021197319, -0.0038991249166429043, -0.01855107769370079, -0.008568834513425827, 0.035919565707445145, 0.01092426385730505, 0.0005565087194554508, 0.050653014332056046, 0.01837998628616333, -0.04969334602355957, 0.051427703350782394, -0.018995502963662148, 0.008208874613046646, -0.018180688843131065, -0.05368092283606529, 0.014668310061097145, -0.021275430917739868, -0.03268567472696304, 0.02658892795443535, -0.0032355976291000843, -0.022664552554488182, -0.062222305685281754, 0.011348826810717583, -0.02249635010957718, -0.04957737773656845, -0.0097963260486722, 0.004583648405969143, 0.0518161877989769, -0.01649777777493, -0.024250242859125137, 0.04274793341755867, -0.013088211417198181, 0.025682590901851654, 0.0076090674847364426, 0.003123370697721839, -0.015966514125466347, 0.03330876678228378, 0.01810232363641262, -0.02282419428229332, 0.024230841547250748, 0.018732450902462006, 0.00250198133289814, -0.023528719320893288, -0.10910863429307938, 0.03908376395702362, -0.003491529729217291, 0.019626324996352196, 0.03561105206608772, -0.039887890219688416, -0.027540503069758415, 0.0029950474854558706, 0.005927609279751778, 0.04929061233997345, 0.06866718083620071, 0.006329669151455164, 0.03816425800323486, 0.02034689672291279, -0.006292227655649185, -0.014837602153420448, 0.03295838460326195, -0.03591950237751007, 0.01888914406299591, -0.03434263914823532, -0.024066198617219925, 0.04448791965842247, 0.016539188101887703, -0.04629351198673248, 0.04141305759549141, 0.04711268097162247, 0.03532989323139191, -0.04382104054093361, 0.02039952203631401, -0.028150290250778198, -0.008123844861984253, -0.04690556600689888, -0.062234170734882355, -0.022384043782949448, -0.007649170234799385, 0.0521211251616478, -0.009944230318069458, -0.03508114814758301, -0.017268260940909386, -0.022827766835689545, -0.022089337930083275, -0.01701592095196247, -0.04659730941057205, 0.015704533085227013, -0.07516013830900192, 0.010783357545733452, -0.021351151168346405, 0.07419334352016449, 0.05041170120239258, 0.04166358336806297, 0.024127554148435593, 0.049437426030635834, -0.014328106306493282, -0.05587034299969673, 0.051619257777929306, -0.022069938480854034, 0.0066390084102749825, 0.025064636021852493, 0.039116039872169495, -0.009543743915855885, -0.02318742871284485, -0.030514992773532867, 0.008057145401835442, -0.07135656476020813, -0.004087509587407112, 0.015694037079811096, 0.0005183557514101267, -0.014393962919712067, 0.019078684970736504, -0.05084850639104843, 0.008499566465616226, -0.018948353826999664, -0.02697661519050598, -0.03309669718146324, -0.015295324847102165, -0.008651556447148323, -0.02644786424934864, -0.07061517238616943, -0.03740157186985016, -0.03110278584063053, -0.02657550573348999, 0.049323126673698425 ]
<p>What are the physics of wind (or any gas flow really) bouncing off surfaces?</p> <p>If a wind hits a wall directly (in a 90 degree angle) does any of it bounce back? </p> <p>Are there any similarities with, say, light rays hitting a mirror?</p> <p>I understand, that the other extreme case is a 0 degree angle in gas pipes, for example, where the surface guides the flow further.</p>
g4618
[ 0.07974173873662949, 0.03852401673793793, -0.016325799748301506, 0.025080764666199684, 0.046085018664598465, 0.0463312491774559, 0.043204475194215775, 0.018295107409358025, -0.04307794198393822, -0.044819850474596024, 0.009506366215646267, 0.027520189061760902, 0.05013405904173851, -0.005759485065937042, -0.02686966024339199, 0.0006836313987150788, 0.009913899935781956, 0.013030014932155609, 0.008568108081817627, 0.02455088309943676, -0.05059514194726944, -0.051176585257053375, 0.028593910858035088, -0.022120989859104156, 0.013672868721187115, -0.0839659795165062, -0.010166752152144909, -0.0238180048763752, -0.01182279922068119, -0.018887493759393692, -0.043053314089775085, 0.03398195281624794, 0.01544880773872137, -0.08253349363803864, -0.048636239022016525, -0.034080423414707184, -0.03935753554105759, -0.056043993681669235, 0.0033944135066121817, -0.017843885347247124, 0.01528137270361185, 0.010871629230678082, 0.01671924814581871, 0.06782949715852737, 0.059486474841833115, 0.05959959328174591, -0.010734728537499905, 0.01290835626423359, -0.0041881888173520565, -0.026656484231352806, -0.010217282921075821, -0.014907876029610634, -0.00725471880286932, -0.03364383056759834, -0.0011525839800015092, 0.012249944731593132, 0.06097044795751572, 0.0038500407245010138, 0.07668440043926239, 0.03028704784810543, 0.003346238285303116, 0.009611574932932854, -0.059527210891246796, -0.015906987711787224, 0.019076494500041008, -0.052441202104091644, -0.05059172958135605, -0.012491053901612759, 0.009993492625653744, -0.0033996826969087124, 0.0628451257944107, 0.03916233032941818, 0.01753165014088154, -0.05565536767244339, 0.0005341489450074732, -0.008323043584823608, -0.020115582272410393, -0.04568799212574959, -0.011780657805502415, 0.02701840177178383, 0.004350495059043169, -0.05172685161232948, -0.07847321778535843, 0.026183966547250748, 0.02109353244304657, -0.015209896489977837, -0.033824775367975235, 0.07065755873918533, -0.0013080587377771735, -0.06488656252622604, 0.036925800144672394, -0.005315433256328106, 0.04152596369385719, -0.012021901085972786, -0.03179240599274635, 0.009094132110476494, -0.03447166457772255, 0.05343589186668396, -0.003964285831898451, -0.012546326965093613, -0.03328345715999603, 0.0019438567105680704, -0.0007692273356951773, 0.04219929128885269, 0.04097472503781319, -0.04414911940693855, 0.007094350177794695, 0.034352242946624756, -0.0018938197754323483, -0.011083265766501427, -0.05300091207027435, -0.03537581115961075, -0.02367497980594635, 0.015142425894737244, -0.03553440049290657, 0.02005143277347088, 0.09605468809604645, -0.0006588945398107171, 0.032751791179180145, 0.09591663628816605, 0.06197606399655342, 0.06714949011802673, -0.007349551655352116, 0.009318273514509201, 0.002305877860635519, -0.010728803463280201, 0.01282011903822422, -0.01945982314646244, -0.019645143300294876, -0.006565807852894068, 0.057540081441402435, 0.004516645334661007, -0.07340448349714279, 0.0020775452721863985, 0.05012260377407074, -0.01378326490521431, -0.0410185270011425, 0.015506420284509659, 0.0038146895822137594, 0.02831087075173855, 0.0748508870601654, 0.001432059914804995, -0.002324221655726433, -0.008825932629406452, -0.02157159149646759, -0.022700710222125053, -0.0023631444200873375, 0.010239662602543831, -0.0015078096184879541, -0.011673366650938988, -0.004536125343292952, 0.013864686712622643, 0.022068239748477936, -0.06854668259620667, 0.02214675582945347, -0.03621795400977135, 0.0015240152133628726, 0.008415119722485542, 0.06771527975797653, 0.04522553086280823, 0.06634882092475891, 0.0063058799132704735, 0.08739855140447617, -0.017875907942652702, -0.028950173407793045, -0.04591134190559387, -0.0555293932557106, -0.007763402536511421, 0.028787530958652496, 0.04502842202782631, -0.10703124850988388, -0.0028941109776496887, -0.005431205499917269, 0.02940506301820278, -0.032131802290678024, 0.039092931896448135, 0.005206799600273371, -0.04798971489071846, -0.008979025296866894, -0.01895970292389393, 0.005937608424574137, -0.042667195200920105, -0.023253463208675385, 0.0048737917095422745, 0.0741586983203888, 0.014884931966662407, -0.010846356861293316, 0.014358229003846645, -0.049886323511600494, 0.003930875100195408, -0.024914616718888283, -0.04919492080807686, 0.003777120728045702, -0.04882577434182167, 0.016484083607792854, -0.03413355350494385, 0.010421899147331715, 0.012410962022840977, -0.06172377988696098, 0.00021479475253727287, -0.016823817044496536, 0.06443838030099869, 0.033181916922330856, 0.018580002710223198, -0.0475521944463253, 0.0942593440413475, -0.022285519167780876, -0.019736584275960922, -0.0054190573282539845, -0.02877012826502323, -0.024283919483423233, 0.0216913353651762, 0.04724377766251564, 0.048574939370155334, 0.006761408876627684, 0.019298065453767776, -0.016795288771390915, 0.008133054710924625, 0.029503552243113518, 0.008381761610507965, 0.060161590576171875, 0.025055158883333206, 0.03261887654662132, -0.01664346642792225, 0.02596958540380001, -0.00999045092612505, -0.05862607806921005, 0.036982450634241104, 0.07352778315544128, 0.05108379200100899, -0.029362503439188004, -0.018230684101581573, 0.027286002412438393, -0.008966394700109959, 0.03433286398649216, 0.000645089487079531, 0.028783520683646202, 0.01216580718755722, 0.002172035863623023, -0.08457062393426895, 0.012802233919501305, -0.06044045090675354, -0.06919022649526596, -0.020827412605285645, 0.03330647572875023, 0.029325682669878006, 0.015377751551568508, 0.016961634159088135, 0.049240533262491226, 0.011528483591973782, 0.05414540693163872, 0.028308987617492676, -0.0039376020431518555, 0.03307654336094856, -0.004155390430241823, -0.010547115467488766, 0.02402174286544323, -0.015173193998634815, -0.04665989428758621, -0.027032336220145226, 0.0019343572203069925, 0.009720939211547375, -0.02373807318508625, 0.016247203573584557, -0.04958394914865494, 0.018664315342903137, -0.01153587270528078, 0.10571186244487762, -0.02965415269136429, 0.024671951308846474, 0.02222169190645218, 0.0690721720457077, 0.007300287950783968, 0.02771061658859253, 0.01180217694491148, 0.006351984106004238, 0.022312361747026443, -0.012282167561352253, -0.008056789636611938, -0.025548387318849564, -0.023903192952275276, -0.011804988607764244, -0.00901155173778534, -0.0649338960647583, 0.003977655898779631, -0.038785725831985474, -0.003159663872793317, 0.013587628491222858, -0.011403833515942097, 0.046729475259780884, 0.0015306278364732862, -0.009838410653173923, 0.009505114518105984, -0.034400779753923416, -0.0333179235458374, 0.03712760657072067, 0.01935327798128128, 0.005301790777593851, -0.016994653269648552, 0.03548208251595497, -0.05528613552451134, -0.007394975516945124, -0.058384813368320465, 0.025171291083097458, -0.08155359327793121, 0.03720924258232117, -0.006815725471824408, -0.06851475685834885, 0.045193735510110855, -0.02190273068845272, -0.0395980142056942, 0.03107859194278717, -0.012270906940102577, 0.053901199251413345, -0.014378676190972328, 0.014290884137153625, -0.013475493527948856, 0.007405065931379795, -0.01642465405166149, 0.04865460842847824, -0.057831671088933945, 0.013060520403087139, 0.021068252623081207, -0.028112726286053658, 0.014175130054354668, 0.039853524416685104, -0.011330521665513515, 0.03935070335865021, -0.02562895603477955, 0.023720068857073784, 0.02685210481286049, 0.03457832708954811, -0.012160886079072952, -0.05002586543560028, -0.020328206941485405, 0.071403868496418, -0.026421034708619118, 0.04266521334648132, 0.04569420963525772, -0.0026110303588211536, 0.004171117674559355, -0.029095152392983437, -0.05769144371151924, -0.07476790994405746, 0.03468937426805496, 0.05017056688666344, 0.0006956398719921708, -0.027477452531456947, 0.025501418858766556, -0.033668022602796555, 0.06372681260108948, 0.008752260357141495, -0.0049288952723145485, 0.0073071690276265144, -0.007847086526453495, -0.02167477458715439, 0.0472482331097126, 0.04822390526533127, 0.026353614404797554, 0.015626046806573868, -0.037314411252737045, -0.033445097506046295, 0.017068106681108475, -0.05037003383040428, -0.052681129425764084, -0.05642196163535118, -0.004875351674854755, 0.038845136761665344, -0.057294733822345734, 0.0001858374453149736, -0.0347517766058445, -0.02735022082924843, -0.022980308160185814, 0.011488046497106552, -0.03468680381774902, 0.006343013606965542, 0.0016744727035984397, -0.013757465407252312, 0.03263738751411438, 0.02958596870303154, 0.05833563581109047, 0.05378589406609535, 0.020195359364151955, 0.06163027510046959, -0.026983851566910744, -0.03997255489230156, -0.007753326557576656, -0.014903396368026733, 0.0402757003903389, -0.08091545104980469, 0.03501324728131294, -0.027415141463279724, 0.000477613735711202, 0.008348355069756508, 0.0549180842936039, -0.023815317079424858, 0.0011617457494139671, 0.016889136284589767, -0.07241044193506241, 0.03972639515995979, 0.0836833119392395, 0.0693264976143837, 0.002555061597377062, -0.0029836930334568024, -0.01436466071754694, -0.011036749929189682, 0.010689177550375462, -0.019279373809695244, -0.024928132072091103, 0.008843510411679745, 0.003173279110342264, -0.05718713626265526, -0.009783496148884296, -0.07232053577899933, 0.01988094300031662, 0.006251385435461998, 0.011047792620956898, 0.014764197170734406, 0.027491062879562378, -0.03197925537824631, 0.023463871330022812, 0.014811834320425987, 0.02788151614367962, 0.016819866374135017, -0.0018631764687597752, 0.014773215167224407, 0.08606211841106415, -0.03865550085902214, -0.04153983294963837, -0.00746792322024703, 0.01393936574459076, -0.011636368930339813, -0.05060042440891266, 0.003932008054107428, 0.009856940247118473, 0.06560178101062775, -0.002983954269438982, 0.004604702349752188, 0.03630385547876358, 0.05518316105008125, 0.048008523881435394, -0.006791362538933754, 0.02088245004415512, -0.008877381682395935, 0.015749726444482803, 0.06232735887169838, 0.015047149732708931, -0.0036640968173742294, 0.011135238222777843, 0.010419122874736786, -0.06554371863603592, -0.04432522505521774, 0.016806604340672493, -0.06321795284748077, -0.06955491006374359, -0.015955738723278046, -0.036229848861694336, 0.023933734744787216, -0.027359995990991592, -0.005861426237970591, 0.006819724105298519, 0.0113206272944808, 0.06502164155244827, 0.002087582368403673, 0.001163780689239502, -0.02553877793252468, -0.005009994376450777, 0.0036763346288353205, -0.12883314490318298, -0.034843020141124725, -0.02360798604786396, 0.04635479301214218, 0.01714371331036091, 0.06222250312566757, -0.0033494774252176285, -0.002976621501147747, -0.014220154844224453, -0.0013311723014339805, 0.014907813630998135, -0.02239331603050232, 0.025982704013586044, -0.007623764686286449, -0.02020009234547615, -0.010933184996247292, -0.023865802213549614, -0.04194682091474533, -0.059398699551820755, -0.005477594211697578, 0.004352635238319635, -0.010456220246851444, -0.008249329403042793, -0.022785909473896027, -0.0741555318236351, -0.01251078862696886, -0.062055472284555435, -0.0050850315019488335, -0.018975362181663513, 0.005325525999069214, -0.008725195191800594, -0.01085144653916359, -0.014880920760333538, -0.005931237246841192, -0.006518916692584753, 0.01227476354688406, 0.014150920324027538, 0.02567661926150322, 0.006984934210777283, -0.010638294741511345, 0.022851113229990005, 0.06924806535243988, -0.019113508984446526, -0.026659410446882248, -0.002552599646151066, 0.019864514470100403, 0.009829392656683922, -0.04693221673369408, 0.005923743359744549, -0.024436602368950844, 0.022631974890828133, -0.026631534099578857, 0.01959690824151039, -0.030636247247457504, -0.07547614723443985, -0.011139169335365295, 0.009319727309048176, 0.02530016377568245, -0.06465565413236618, 0.013341969810426235, -0.0035092856269329786, 0.026666706427931786, 0.025396784767508507, -0.044101644307374954, 0.04793142154812813, 0.02845807373523712, -0.01862560398876667, -0.057399723678827286, 0.031709592789411545, -0.01808127388358116, 0.06120697781443596, -0.03197376802563667, -0.029350951313972473, 0.04593098163604736, 0.02748609334230423, 0.048979852348566055, 0.03725700452923775, 0.012445645406842232, 0.0404520221054554, 0.07787918299436569, 0.0597449466586113, -0.02576025016605854, -0.01845552586019039, 0.049020957201719284, -0.03211648389697075, 0.07615307718515396, -0.03640339896082878, -0.01867545209825039, -0.009499465115368366, -0.01368086040019989, -0.0018705212278291583, -0.0652623102068901, 0.0445895679295063, 0.0245868768543005, 0.05096002295613289, -0.05304829776287079, 0.027470892295241356, 0.03238237649202347, -0.04341764748096466, -0.026159346103668213, 0.044242069125175476, 0.02191907726228237, 0.00818348117172718, 0.00569760799407959, -0.01586083695292473, -0.029964134097099304, 0.0018075614934787154, -0.032811641693115234, -0.04585607722401619, 0.01640956476330757, -0.0201948881149292, 0.012211383320391178, 0.004655719734728336, -0.02496672235429287, 0.07064781337976456, -0.06903459876775742, 0.0026169021148234606, -0.06840541213750839, -0.012829798273742199, 0.0287870354950428, -0.04131779074668884, -0.0022186031565070152, -0.015795407816767693, -0.06518962234258652, 0.020859960466623306, -0.004130081739276648, -0.05442100763320923, -0.08747169375419617, 0.03581400215625763, 0.04412056505680084, -0.041259780526161194, -0.011659614741802216, 0.010304178111255169, 0.05260385572910309, 0.009380948729813099, 0.003826648462563753, 0.04177654907107353, 0.024535665288567543, 0.023139864206314087, 0.00543085066601634, -0.034142956137657166, 0.039731547236442566, 0.042223136872053146, 0.013606595806777477, -0.0041657742112874985, 0.02414417453110218, -0.06303515285253525, -0.022233113646507263, -0.03420837223529816, -0.05281481519341469, -0.0209256149828434, -0.0054352134466171265, -0.015674224123358727, -0.05592363700270653, 0.047159601002931595, -0.05327842757105827, 0.028578858822584152, 0.055108893662691116, -0.058757830411195755, 0.054413288831710815, 0.013597652316093445, 0.0236145481467247, 0.06927084177732468, -0.018775982782244682, 0.010772552341222763, 0.014636131934821606, -0.0006811865023337305, 0.03938578441739082, -0.021298173815011978, 0.04371052235364914, 0.007452333811670542, 0.0865652859210968, -0.016319645568728447, 0.08630381524562836, -0.010538469068706036, 0.017840059474110603, -0.024403410032391548, -0.02954454906284809, -0.052212320268154144, -0.0661524310708046, 0.000615134253166616, -0.022404015064239502, -0.02255420573055744, -0.06471741199493408, 0.01295666303485632, -0.014176875352859497, -0.025881154462695122, 0.03975199535489082, -0.03503405675292015, 0.012024840340018272, -0.01787315495312214, -0.07136491686105728, -0.04265059530735016, 0.05547332391142845, 0.0197693333029747, -0.013557192869484425, -0.008939639665186405, 0.02469230443239212, 0.02091405913233757, 0.01531011238694191, 0.011634674854576588, 0.0021556722931563854, 0.012344551272690296, -0.07899153232574463, -0.04245626553893089, 0.02560051530599594, 0.011825921013951302, 0.030885696411132812, -0.06289195269346237, 0.014337739907205105, 0.028123144060373306, -0.008202915079891682, 0.01824946515262127, 0.05142231285572052, 0.02898111566901207, 0.009065050631761551, -0.010000952519476414, 0.02681281603872776, 0.010231025516986847, 0.05113580822944641, -0.017230309545993805, -0.10270682722330093, -0.021846728399395943, 0.027990445494651794, 0.013211957179009914, 0.0003245268599130213, -0.07928641885519028, -0.004398991819471121, 0.06280061602592468, -0.007861212827265263, -0.02094648778438568, 0.01879279315471649, 0.0000020802506242034724, 0.0026172196958214045, -0.0012418997939676046, 0.00013661359844263643, 0.0449281744658947, 0.019029969349503517, 0.02912081964313984, -0.009207626804709435, -0.00837564468383789, -0.03132893890142441, -0.0026046971324831247, 0.025803616270422935, -0.00843000691384077, -0.009066860191524029, -0.0032471774611622095, -0.010004160925745964, 0.0034993328154087067, 0.017866522073745728, 0.017091337591409683, 0.02765769138932228, 0.02186630666255951, 0.00005759397754445672, -0.005641575437039137, -0.028111528605222702, -0.029455484822392464, 0.008187204599380493, -0.028151312842965126, 0.0011924661230295897, -0.015142850577831268, 0.0037987902760505676, -0.0046474686823785305, -0.015777409076690674, -0.008444279432296753, 0.046558525413274765, -0.03620944917201996, 0.00193117989692837, 0.06367950141429901, -0.04694150388240814, -0.05348223075270653, -0.03295927122235298, 0.06935451924800873, 0.026874806731939316, -0.0039227195084095, -0.06218123808503151, -0.050795622169971466, -0.03239312022924423, 0.03780882805585861, 0.009313317015767097, -0.04058878496289253, 0.014021857641637325, 0.07919392734766006, 0.03151596337556839, 0.017397664487361908, 0.008610108867287636, -0.0003545463550835848, -0.05783073604106903, -0.02362571470439434, 0.02565188892185688, 0.016430459916591644, -0.008853605017066002, 0.009248172864317894, -0.003868909552693367, 0.02228512428700924, -0.06079521030187607, -0.019653841853141785, -0.08406032621860504, -0.07934688776731491, 0.013070317916572094 ]
<p>In a Leyden jar, I have read that a charged object is brought in contact with the conductor in contact with the metal inside the jar, thus giving the inner metal a similar charge. And the metal outside the jar then gets an opposite charge.</p> <p>My question is simply how does the metal outside the jar get the opposite charge, given that there is an insulator in-between?</p> <p>I hope that someone can give me a clear reply, explaining exactly what happens with the outer metal.</p>
g4619
[ 0.004568060394376516, 0.013533868826925755, 0.02656617760658264, 0.003382148453965783, 0.036980174481868744, 0.04681948199868202, -0.02750968374311924, -0.040018193423748016, -0.056948430836200714, 0.004368136171251535, -0.04532171040773392, 0.06085983291268349, -0.04786637797951698, -0.02214937098324299, 0.09843680262565613, -0.026496892794966698, -0.014365463517606258, 0.015643836930394173, 0.00880335085093975, 0.016537146642804146, -0.04656316712498665, 0.02246570773422718, -0.009789339266717434, -0.024835936725139618, -0.062433794140815735, 0.007831965573132038, 0.0026562833227217197, 0.037280529737472534, 0.04003339260816574, -0.041615743190050125, 0.054682422429323196, 0.018470056354999542, -0.025129208341240883, -0.04024365171790123, -0.07531455904245377, -0.01441972330212593, -0.000942014274187386, -0.01263353880494833, -0.05277677997946739, 0.05034998059272766, 0.007062850520014763, -0.010765241459012032, 0.02317415550351143, -0.036016229540109634, 0.027368923649191856, -0.03710028529167175, -0.031251270323991776, -0.0034157715272158384, -0.01245034672319889, -0.0005907982704229653, -0.05048542842268944, 0.013065403327345848, 0.04488705098628998, -0.0028179846704006195, 0.029243791475892067, 0.0042852675542235374, -0.012645774520933628, -0.05863634869456291, 0.023406680673360825, 0.03000902757048607, -0.017299538478255272, 0.024336788803339005, -0.03209103271365166, -0.006649022456258535, 0.020966876298189163, 0.008130062371492386, -0.034828122705221176, 0.03677607327699661, 0.0035829986445605755, 0.029151281341910362, 0.006141552235931158, 0.025247205048799515, -0.05620841309428215, -0.0557788722217083, -0.022152375429868698, 0.02158646658062935, 0.047899387776851654, -0.00978216901421547, 0.08163043111562729, -0.0000681142118992284, 0.010199368000030518, -0.017450034618377686, 0.05287357419729233, -0.01250141579657793, 0.04007362201809883, 0.015485652722418308, -0.028405820950865746, -0.06019475683569908, -0.058411967009305954, -0.04378039389848709, 0.038377545773983, -0.015155840665102005, 0.02575843036174774, 0.004160336218774319, -0.0855507105588913, -0.05887861177325249, -0.004955798853188753, 0.023525118827819824, -0.008471906185150146, -0.019840441644191742, -0.0031352927908301353, -0.06224209815263748, 0.04077901691198349, 0.04182625934481621, -0.037890393286943436, 0.016836775466799736, 0.039220020174980164, 0.01863921992480755, -0.02857876569032669, 0.035458583384752274, -0.04383019357919693, -0.032033707946538925, -0.03999974578619003, -0.03715301677584648, 0.04306058958172798, 0.024894636124372482, 0.007463543675839901, 0.015237368643283844, 0.03957969322800636, 0.03414427116513252, -0.04309098795056343, 0.007916508242487907, 0.01869630627334118, -0.02731325663626194, 0.0017145388992503285, -0.045940861105918884, 0.03986264020204544, -0.01724845916032791, 0.02131739817559719, 0.019232459366321564, -0.01200273260474205, 0.015581861138343811, -0.003842985024675727, -0.02093401923775673, 0.007645478937774897, 0.03352925181388855, -0.01635107211768627, -0.002523592906072736, -0.0029569617472589016, -0.056360673159360886, 0.04923216253519058, -0.03495253250002861, -0.029234401881694794, -0.013640585355460644, 0.009574665687978268, 0.030057886615395546, -0.022438442334532738, 0.03147963434457779, -0.017053334042429924, -0.004613352473825216, 0.044852256774902344, 0.03703094646334648, 0.010781862773001194, -0.001627420075237751, -0.009532462805509567, -0.02928289584815502, 0.07076269388198853, -0.025617368519306183, 0.04605170339345932, 0.014156336896121502, 0.05026785656809807, -0.016192559152841568, 0.05706110596656799, 0.036156173795461655, -0.06236570328474045, 0.04635019227862358, 0.0651935562491417, -0.0028963687364012003, 0.05047042295336723, -0.06668636202812195, 0.0036010926123708487, 0.005457683932036161, 0.004417700693011284, 0.051883019506931305, 0.0683462917804718, 0.058993417769670486, -0.004017156083136797, 0.0051303948275744915, 0.06532635539770126, -0.0017304139910265803, -0.05324581265449524, 0.0040925913490355015, 0.021456444635987282, 0.03322151303291321, -0.04346812516450882, 0.011146293953061104, -0.03494890034198761, 0.036654695868492126, -0.00821628887206316, -0.0024691002909094095, -0.03434894233942032, -0.06197039410471916, 0.013241351582109928, -0.03333502635359764, -0.012268592603504658, -0.02985595539212227, 0.02565697953104973, -0.02037203684449196, 0.006706631742417812, -0.048107896000146866, -0.04361052066087723, -0.0011525453301146626, 0.018244551494717598, 0.024946795776486397, 0.036978580057621, -0.005149869713932276, -0.02877107635140419, -0.01212144922465086, 0.061197344213724136, -0.005378205329179764, -0.01978403702378273, 0.02749190665781498, 0.06443570554256439, -0.03621623292565346, -0.07148412615060806, 0.02372198924422264, -0.0015806364826858044, 0.023487640544772148, 0.007312725763767958, 0.031432364135980606, 0.002201377646997571, -0.04327896237373352, 0.0291146133095026, -0.051698628813028336, -0.010231449268758297, -0.016189472749829292, 0.05373619869351387, 0.006198388058692217, -0.028395330533385277, 0.023097679018974304, -0.024205364286899567, -0.017425091937184334, -0.01296368520706892, 0.00009636790491640568, 0.007965415716171265, 0.03812986612319946, 0.02114913798868656, 0.029979651793837547, -0.009278660640120506, -0.09146483987569809, -0.036752503365278244, 0.013676092028617859, -0.04718552529811859, 0.0539332777261734, -0.04036660119891167, -0.03004053235054016, 0.030392372980713844, -0.01697106473147869, -0.04699442908167839, 0.03586867079138756, 0.07276409864425659, 0.0002028172166319564, -0.02054595947265625, 0.025742556899785995, -0.02997497096657753, -0.04365713894367218, -0.06295322626829147, 0.023554135113954544, -0.025597577914595604, -0.0939004123210907, 0.011736218817532063, -0.05204077064990997, 0.08056604862213135, -0.021333245560526848, -0.08506669849157333, -0.032447077333927155, 0.011339387856423855, -0.03279823809862137, 0.08452990651130676, 0.005283438600599766, -0.038284651935100555, 0.07861576974391937, -0.02580912783741951, -0.013053102418780327, 0.034713950008153915, -0.00287856487557292, -0.007357764523476362, -0.02365286834537983, 0.02050466276705265, -0.043150369077920914, 0.016364147886633873, 0.042568933218717575, -0.03373054042458534, 0.02936021238565445, -0.004782258067280054, -0.05150064080953598, 0.032408807426691055, 0.01948506012558937, 0.03518194332718849, -0.021411867812275887, 0.006326909177005291, -0.03784681111574173, 0.05331099033355713, 0.01830727979540825, 0.04890495911240578, 0.01892835460603237, 0.02967163734138012, 0.03208567947149277, -0.01664409413933754, -0.0029789924155920744, -0.028230253607034683, -0.03576100245118141, 0.009478973224759102, -0.03613660857081413, 0.03542275354266167, 0.05437557026743889, -0.0745292380452156, -0.02173408307135105, -0.006841843016445637, -0.03997141867876053, -0.005727935582399368, 0.039761025458574295, -0.021052595227956772, -0.05656999722123146, -0.006855464074760675, 0.004781002644449472, -0.04271616414189339, 0.009483405388891697, 0.003217005170881748, 0.017609640955924988, -0.04544936493039131, 0.0337524488568306, 0.010801061056554317, 0.011323582381010056, -0.002874016063287854, -0.02052876725792885, -0.02490955963730812, -0.02441607229411602, -0.0478416308760643, 0.01294135395437479, -0.04382232949137688, 0.036959968507289886, -0.031427353620529175, -0.04722876101732254, -0.03531535714864731, -0.029955115169286728, -0.026187969371676445, 0.05808444693684578, 0.05844346806406975, 0.061130233108997345, -0.010774320922791958, -0.05221012979745865, -0.04234618321061134, -0.02946370653808117, 0.028353676199913025, 0.032622843980789185, -0.04379575327038765, 0.0493423193693161, 0.035868167877197266, -0.011317356489598751, 0.025603778660297394, -0.023115811869502068, -0.0013682142598554492, -0.004810987040400505, -0.01549296174198389, 0.04425003007054329, -0.02438383363187313, 0.031304698437452316, -0.0017080646939575672, 0.004035181365907192, 0.03593797981739044, -0.020509693771600723, 0.004653641954064369, -0.05965806543827057, 0.022938868030905724, -0.044385772198438644, 0.03815590217709541, 0.015161910094320774, 0.010115404613316059, -0.05339764431118965, 0.008882636204361916, 0.033405739814043045, -0.021885855123400688, 0.012707769870758057, 0.023850630968809128, -0.053696922957897186, 0.023882277309894562, 0.033681854605674744, 0.018372133374214172, 0.011174635030329227, -0.01604924164712429, 0.047789622098207474, 0.038292717188596725, -0.0407588817179203, 0.008977020159363747, 0.0748470202088356, 0.0255318284034729, 0.030359627678990364, -0.005964446812868118, -0.039145685732364655, -0.04253796860575676, -0.005285219289362431, 0.04373699426651001, -0.031504422426223755, -0.0001229117187904194, 0.013986005447804928, 0.019139546900987625, -0.039134010672569275, -0.025006940588355064, -0.05878964811563492, 0.008729640394449234, 0.030117709189653397, -0.014687568880617619, -0.05444954335689545, -0.015174729749560356, -0.01082042045891285, 0.006237808149307966, -0.045462723821401596, 0.0024242440704256296, -0.05162576958537102, -0.010829601436853409, 0.00981665775179863, -0.0072153108194470406, -0.04931741580367088, -0.003241219324991107, -0.05540739372372627, 0.09516669064760208, 0.1023208349943161, 0.01335661206394434, -0.012198151089251041, 0.023469306528568268, 0.003427190473303199, 0.014988900162279606, -0.010273149237036705, -0.0030967500060796738, 0.07031150162220001, 0.008451709523797035, 0.01386566087603569, 0.022977136075496674, -0.016581982374191284, -0.05009091645479202, 0.03470802307128906, -0.012700463645160198, 0.007565539330244064, -0.10381019860506058, 0.009152334183454514, -0.046726077795028687, 0.03398103266954422, -0.011731348000466824, 0.05238214507699013, 0.038448214530944824, 0.023890724405646324, -0.017265895381569862, -0.03412926569581032, 0.03096686117351055, 0.004332592245191336, -0.019912652671337128, 0.03005819208920002, 0.009374852292239666, -0.07483457028865814, -0.04051433131098747, 0.013466807082295418, -0.02402980625629425, -0.09154893457889557, 0.04793217033147812, 0.024609258398413658, 0.024784334003925323, -0.05359345301985741, -0.03688543289899826, -0.03190408647060394, -0.030086491256952286, 0.017299147322773933, -0.026663566008210182, 0.004945671651512384, 0.018526241183280945, -0.043749697506427765, 0.011435376480221748, -0.05567009001970291, -0.07878650724887848, 0.0034673544578254223, 0.029854143038392067, 0.0805923193693161, 0.05564199015498161, -0.004601418040692806, 0.14562898874282837, -0.01819838397204876, -0.013086863793432713, -0.025192175060510635, -0.01742125302553177, -0.0305287167429924, -0.019272124394774437, 0.05506608262658119, 0.004841238260269165, -0.03550969809293747, -0.01150570623576641, -0.02134866639971733, -0.023753197863698006, 0.018923286348581314, -0.026848329231142998, -0.05732168257236481, 0.03900585696101189, -0.004386130720376968, 0.00853415485471487, 0.019642503932118416, -0.013893005438148975, 0.08505810052156448, 0.023611821234226227, 0.0033973134122788906, -0.030480416491627693, 0.015214716084301472, -0.02192807011306286, -0.00040399370482191443, -0.018423760309815407, 0.058976441621780396, 0.037046562880277634, 0.04836537688970566, -0.02778550423681736, -0.03778451308608055, -0.023923244327306747, 0.013328568078577518, -0.01479252614080906, 0.06126917898654938, 0.03194807469844818, 0.09639713168144226, 0.00714777922257781, 0.016357233747839928, -0.044134046882390976, 0.03995669633150101, -0.02351774089038372, 0.05042905732989311, -0.039996735751628876, 0.025134742259979248, -0.00894926767796278, -0.07357818633317947, -0.03195105865597725, 0.008732902817428112, 0.004444711375981569, -0.026584940031170845, 0.0331009104847908, 0.06541565805673599, -0.01804235577583313, 0.041067905724048615, 0.03839423879981041, -0.03360613062977791, -0.017475198954343796, -0.00963189359754324, 0.04304781183600426, 0.024995794519782066, 0.008080710656940937, 0.07587697356939316, 0.06375513225793839, -0.04051825776696205, 0.003272351576015353, 0.0020971347112208605, -0.04719454050064087, -0.015655474737286568, -0.025164036080241203, 0.009110125713050365, 0.0305184219032526, 0.018467139452695847, -0.0022734638769179583, 0.006034777499735355, 0.008359577506780624, 0.001552978646941483, 0.07049534469842911, 0.050724294036626816, 0.005077689420431852, -0.032653529196977615, 0.019084574654698372, 0.0017503007547929883, 0.05636139214038849, 0.01056419312953949, 0.018752997741103172, 0.02287856675684452, 0.01180883590131998, -0.05127323791384697, -0.04856616258621216, -0.0020261965692043304, 0.08018971979618073, -0.0031851509120315313, 0.06781120598316193, -0.03964248299598694, 0.028307640925049782, -0.04311634972691536, 0.04040122404694557, 0.01644880883395672, -0.027068546041846275, -0.006539779715240002, -0.004780430346727371, 0.020936794579029083, 0.035202499479055405, -0.014971522614359856, 0.018804416060447693, -0.002133064204826951, -0.011499383486807346, -0.0061686234548687935, -0.03260252997279167, -0.036351315677165985, 0.0375945083796978, -0.12835247814655304, -0.03104041889309883, 0.021110668778419495, -0.0221237875521183, -0.07743631303310394, 0.007235663942992687, 0.04787915199995041, 0.024920662865042686, 0.06917692720890045, -0.01147438120096922, 0.04479075223207474, -0.00909191183745861, -0.002181380521506071, 0.02827964350581169, -0.025719746947288513, 0.025568801909685135, -0.014764990657567978, -0.007438358385115862, 0.012057299725711346, -0.004883576184511185, -0.014639363624155521, 0.017608128488063812, 0.0001027855250868015, 0.029346011579036713, -0.006379977334290743, 0.000697288429364562, 0.025321539491415024, -0.05012879893183708, -0.0013274135999381542, 0.028395667672157288, 0.007249057292938232, -0.03126043826341629, -0.04961313679814339, -0.030964862555265427, -0.03327000141143799, 0.049917012453079224, 0.03562215343117714, -0.021058009937405586, 0.027434751391410828, -0.0015199710614979267, 0.04984066262841225, -0.09630672633647919, 0.03363090753555298, -0.015256252139806747, 0.013385552912950516, 0.022295404225587845, -0.011712291277945042, 0.04921688139438629, -0.0018789805471897125, 0.012806854210793972, 0.0248784851282835, -0.03178238496184349, -0.0240761898458004, -0.0010642645647749305, 0.061940453946590424, -0.04271821305155754, 0.017630964517593384, 0.05800710618495941, -0.036471620202064514, -0.04979541897773743, 0.009021010249853134, -0.062083650380373, -0.0603485181927681, -0.032099828124046326, 0.012012440711259842, -0.025050992146134377, 0.020845411345362663, -0.006554237101227045, 0.04830654338002205, 0.03520209342241287, -0.02403520792722702, -0.05362433195114136, -0.035737842321395874, -0.03812268003821373, 0.00653496477752924, 0.0400802418589592, 0.008317101746797562, -0.017865676432847977, -0.05105716362595558, -0.04203382134437561, 0.029407214373350143, -0.013541948981583118, -0.06301198154687881, -0.0023968529421836138, 0.0025398952420800924, 0.00866516213864088, 0.03323197364807129, -0.0010085443500429392, 0.07567749917507172, -0.03572428598999977, -0.03664105385541916, -0.04609150066971779, 0.06463271379470825, -0.007004537619650364, 0.01804814115166664, -0.016730360686779022, -0.02308514714241028, -0.031449250876903534, -0.0029095292557030916, 0.014176835305988789, -0.023783769458532333, 0.06615908443927765, 0.015787677839398384, 0.009255305863916874, 0.010001000948250294, -0.013289990834891796, 0.048325732350349426, -0.014590555801987648, 0.0348924919962883, 0.015924734994769096, 0.03144902363419533, 0.00196357280947268, 0.012496251612901688, 0.025782234966754913, -0.022568264976143837, 0.020441178232431412, 0.01776605099439621, -0.03687718138098717, 0.02086397260427475, -0.0010562688112258911, -0.004636902362108231, 0.07560410350561142, 0.03648579120635986, 0.04924457520246506, -0.010748883709311485, 0.04119173809885979, -0.007424157112836838, -0.055645737797021866, 0.03407694399356842, -0.007292722351849079, 0.016260065138339996, -0.025721320882439613, 0.048095785081386566, 0.05400591716170311, -0.0056151519529521465, -0.07458499073982239, -0.024252666160464287, 0.013891714625060558, 0.057997290045022964, -0.02504800260066986, -0.014167234301567078, 0.017356107011437416, 0.028772225603461266, -0.036423031240701675, 0.05366704985499382, 0.01421238761395216, -0.03485417738556862, 0.026486951857805252, -0.024808749556541443, 0.015475887805223465, -0.04122481122612953, 0.04670378193259239, 0.00766022177413106, -0.014412001706659794, -0.010382077656686306, -0.013022310100495815, -0.0005213744007050991, -0.03728092834353447, 0.060643330216407776, 0.008080849424004555, 0.008002229034900665, -0.06443127989768982, -0.009442736394703388, -0.013616315089166164, 0.01750769466161728, 0.008206999860703945, -0.0799112394452095, -0.06568590551614761, 0.0218141358345747, -0.01881691813468933, 0.007048241328448057, -0.023405058309435844, 0.021292682737112045, -0.023269983008503914, 0.005155631341040134, -0.011042975820600986, -0.018963869661092758, -0.08394339680671692, 0.027751822024583817 ]
<p>Earlier today, I saw <a href="http://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/nationworld/sns-bc-eu--breakinglightspeed,0,5266439.story">this link</a> on Facebook about neutrinos going faster than the speed of light, and of course, re-posted. Since then, a couple of my friends have gotten into a discussion about what this means (mostly about time-travel), but I don't really know what this really implies. This made me wonder...</p> <p>What are the biggest and most immediate implications of this potential discovery?</p> <p><strong>Related:</strong> <a href="http://physics.stackexchange.com/q/14968/3454">Superluminal neutrinos</a></p>
g83
[ 0.03078417293727398, 0.1254720836877823, -0.0011139983544126153, 0.04112826660275459, 0.022959934547543526, -0.03014439530670643, -0.009593326598405838, 0.0021190312691032887, 0.00932841282337904, -0.031069280579686165, -0.029678331688046455, 0.0033442224375903606, 0.03362809121608734, 0.025537248700857162, -0.019049715250730515, -0.033504415303468704, 0.06382197141647339, -0.03298583999276161, 0.03837054222822189, -0.014179548248648643, 0.03580240532755852, 0.019200164824724197, -0.0550750233232975, -0.02936830185353756, -0.05166900157928467, 0.004675874952226877, 0.025320162996649742, -0.05922968313097954, -0.026987073943018913, -0.0011113754007965326, 0.03558291494846344, -0.06498062610626221, -0.023280946537852287, -0.048742398619651794, 0.012374281883239746, -0.022677920758724213, 0.0036382139660418034, 0.030855394899845123, 0.01508247945457697, 0.0034303946886211634, -0.0520855188369751, 0.003214780706912279, -0.004943785723298788, 0.0002458085655234754, 0.02293224446475506, -0.01048316527158022, 0.02718496508896351, 0.010460328310728073, -0.02520589716732502, -0.08505045622587204, 0.024477887898683548, -0.013138173148036003, 0.023284627124667168, 0.07730882614850998, 0.044649384915828705, -0.005599403753876686, 0.0683107003569603, -0.02171322889626026, 0.04815904051065445, 0.009246235713362694, 0.008076535537838936, -0.01142478920519352, 0.008354147896170616, -0.04427019879221916, 0.05656326562166214, -0.008050632663071156, -0.005881263874471188, -0.004965937230736017, 0.04047283157706261, -0.001350990030914545, 0.059097569435834885, 0.010784768499433994, -0.03798193112015724, -0.029117459431290627, -0.027987482026219368, 0.06974043697118759, 0.02793697640299797, 0.009778386913239956, 0.005095014348626137, -0.015514087863266468, -0.005067253019660711, -0.023740321397781372, -0.013843050226569176, -0.015264294110238552, 0.03040795773267746, -0.04798266664147377, 0.008434101939201355, 0.04317579045891762, 0.02083926647901535, 0.003239286597818136, 0.02303539775311947, -0.05442877858877182, 0.002642615931108594, -0.013780303299427032, -0.02242111600935459, -0.01043823454529047, 0.11321227252483368, 0.026675375178456306, 0.018575839698314667, -0.02958015538752079, -0.02016160637140274, -0.013330619782209396, -0.04552040249109268, 0.041650038212537766, -0.021900245919823647, -0.00018075121624860913, 0.022791743278503418, -0.02973778359591961, -0.02408699505031109, -0.004203223157674074, -0.009658086113631725, -0.024119701236486435, -0.0009161708876490593, -0.003181867301464081, -0.006444152444601059, -0.006250909063965082, -0.004948642570525408, -0.011775150895118713, -0.02898903377354145, 0.03853399679064751, 0.015938613563776016, 0.008233726024627686, -0.03273247554898262, 0.0738101601600647, -0.05409444123506546, -0.017653068527579308, 0.042918913066387177, 0.005076345056295395, -0.014377359300851822, -0.006931515410542488, -0.04037655144929886, 0.0015902927843853831, 0.004832788370549679, 0.07710636407136917, 0.01593155413866043, 0.028683604672551155, 0.0113845095038414, 0.012241153046488762, 0.008222222328186035, -0.0015649909619241953, 0.011993983760476112, -0.052830036729574203, 0.03207701817154884, 0.05854339525103569, -0.015275553800165653, -0.024225721135735512, -0.030708223581314087, 0.04988551139831543, -0.015440295450389385, 0.013995436020195484, -0.024777540937066078, 0.03813613951206207, -0.047202713787555695, -0.07075456529855728, 0.012110564857721329, 0.009947583079338074, -0.014281130395829678, -0.026755446568131447, -0.016557544469833374, 0.026517676189541817, 0.022104909643530846, -0.0008627030765637755, -0.04908531531691551, -0.018846824765205383, -0.04548168554902077, 0.012529951520264149, 0.0663006529211998, -0.013918958604335785, -0.036867085844278336, -0.02070964127779007, -0.0833810344338417, 0.03311966732144356, 0.004342688713222742, 0.056181736290454865, 0.013526862487196922, -0.007698019500821829, 0.03479671850800514, -0.06598159670829773, -0.07099243998527527, -0.005724424496293068, -0.09396733343601227, -0.06844823062419891, 0.00823384989053011, 0.01256625447422266, 0.031225550919771194, -0.0023452031891793013, -0.034196168184280396, 0.09541956335306168, -0.009735329076647758, 0.029683999717235565, -0.040148939937353134, -0.04220758378505707, -0.009166833944618702, 0.03040536306798458, -0.03295092284679413, -0.005118316039443016, -0.017775779590010643, -0.03561273217201233, -0.047832898795604706, -0.05637240782380104, -0.008570373989641666, 0.021671470254659653, -0.0023284852504730225, -0.029471147805452347, 0.0579390749335289, 0.013517860323190689, -0.028844309970736504, 0.0270017609000206, -0.00583236338570714, 0.042370643466711044, 0.036286212503910065, -0.023145608603954315, 0.020009759813547134, 0.0007927022525109351, 0.008897688239812851, -0.037478938698768616, -0.03576246276497841, 0.03321180120110512, 0.018001489341259003, 0.011438998393714428, -0.0030402448028326035, -0.02989242784678936, 0.016334639862179756, -0.052173614501953125, -0.03784550353884697, -0.029268071055412292, -0.009793512523174286, -0.09713027626276016, -0.0002666642831172794, 0.02004172094166279, -0.06109358370304108, 0.07372399419546127, -0.04106775298714638, 0.03719490021467209, -0.004969346337020397, 0.02974984422326088, 0.014531043358147144, -0.07628332823514938, 0.049276549369096756, 0.018102414906024933, 0.03674205765128136, -0.012038810178637505, -0.008747652173042297, 0.02589862048625946, 0.0029999816324561834, -0.01688627153635025, 0.023448791354894638, -0.07825171947479248, -0.009248027577996254, 0.05640844628214836, 0.024927297607064247, -0.013598167337477207, 0.011221807450056076, 0.033977359533309937, 0.04788782075047493, -0.009751805104315281, -0.007455727085471153, 0.037948522716760635, -0.08189478516578674, 0.0052536725997924805, 0.012073967605829239, 0.0538521483540535, -0.055485378950834274, -0.012087440118193626, 0.07488083094358444, 0.013451118022203445, 0.011556652374565601, 0.026076573878526688, -0.050877656787633896, -0.02040078677237034, -0.07256757467985153, -0.019233347848057747, -0.020160069689154625, -0.03254838287830353, 0.0015878350241109729, 0.007920402102172375, 0.05650991201400757, 0.0026675178669393063, 0.05503701791167259, -0.020220808684825897, -0.0404139943420887, 0.00021966548229102045, -0.029363686218857765, -0.04074544832110405, -0.013869358226656914, -0.06299766898155212, -0.010186969302594662, 0.029822373762726784, 0.006542831659317017, 0.018472284078598022, -0.0008664911729283631, -0.013449600897729397, 0.040799036622047424, -0.008766891434788704, 0.04030262678861618, 0.009844810701906681, 0.030687086284160614, 0.06896205991506577, 0.02048563025891781, -0.021949876099824905, 0.08678440749645233, -0.04644251987338066, 0.025050798431038857, 0.05210863798856735, -0.0000025141966943920124, -0.0064452821388840675, -0.07548923045396805, 0.01161680556833744, 0.006985028740018606, -0.01560081634670496, 0.021012552082538605, 0.05659721419215202, 0.002598673105239868, 0.03382892534136772, 0.0012927488423883915, 0.013501173816621304, 0.020205868408083916, 0.0857200101017952, 0.022439364343881607, -0.03039620630443096, 0.020700618624687195, -0.05481003597378731, -0.03394307568669319, 0.01086062379181385, 0.06574440747499466, -0.021626796573400497, -0.0029309233650565147, 0.008595851249992847, -0.03897951543331146, 0.042554620653390884, -0.00042703773942776024, 0.002590821823105216, -0.013580809347331524, 0.02238270826637745, -0.07538533210754395, -0.009839990176260471, 0.013133412227034569, 0.06751877814531326, 0.026406079530715942, 0.0004111610760446638, 0.0008392920135520399, -0.03794850781559944, -0.03186870366334915, 0.026297247037291527, 0.058652378618717194, -0.007061860524117947, -0.013796832412481308, -0.014243467710912228, -0.009073377586901188, 0.021986914798617363, 0.039419881999492645, 0.010316233150660992, -0.026474550366401672, 0.005183470901101828, 0.04155130311846733, 0.020517753437161446, 0.008964872919023037, -0.018851395696401596, 0.04198019206523895, -0.0414012148976326, -0.047296710312366486, 0.02496674470603466, 0.03984839469194412, 0.028853025287389755, -0.04068422690033913, 0.010985946282744408, -0.05674442648887634, 0.007312539033591747, 0.003841379191726446, -0.027180995792150497, 0.0062372419051826, -0.020002048462629318, 0.0050692991353571415, -0.0031027731020003557, 0.032286833971738815, 0.033812664449214935, -0.01538783684372902, -0.012911295518279076, -0.0345928929746151, 0.018669214099645615, 0.04734918847680092, 0.062051646411418915, 0.05668802931904793, -0.029866937547922134, 0.003047229489311576, 0.029394177719950676, -0.0757218599319458, -0.03783845901489258, -0.06854619830846786, -0.07609444856643677, -0.0599883534014225, 0.03967037796974182, -0.043803680688142776, 0.001828721142373979, -0.036431845277547836, 0.004677176009863615, -0.003403163980692625, -0.010492741130292416, 0.027802927419543266, 0.0200776569545269, -0.040955059230327606, 0.00892133079469204, -0.012310504913330078, 0.007942801341414452, -0.06554998457431793, -0.007106789853423834, 0.0054012080654501915, -0.02836437150835991, 0.006669860798865557, -0.003365874057635665, 0.01561861764639616, 0.044148098677396774, -0.034422896802425385, -0.07664132118225098, 0.005701543763279915, 0.060627274215221405, 0.017499910667538643, -0.09692728519439697, -0.019989021122455597, 0.010031644254922867, 0.043626997619867325, -0.05111624300479889, 0.006370393559336662, 0.005918864626437426, -0.026636574417352676, 0.02266998402774334, 0.034473903477191925, -0.031744204461574554, -0.028661632910370827, 0.01836542785167694, 0.0362735278904438, 0.053079500794410706, -0.017754314467310905, 0.027408884838223457, 0.049042217433452606, 0.043513279408216476, 0.06346270442008972, 0.03839510306715965, 0.015213808976113796, 0.08729834109544754, 0.03536684811115265, -0.012122569605708122, 0.06458588689565659, -0.025061435997486115, 0.007359267678111792, 0.04695917293429375, -0.11423192173242569, -0.03082434833049774, -0.017710411921143532, -0.046998366713523865, -0.02499227412045002, 0.04300958290696144, 0.019530078396201134, 0.014045823365449905, -0.0035803294740617275, -0.040937479585409164, -0.01534112449735403, -0.0024505173787474632, 0.03177453204989433, 0.029310505837202072, -0.05630963668227196, 0.03773048520088196, 0.07745429873466492, -0.012887462042272091, 0.04354790970683098, 0.029639339074492455, -0.025401338934898376, -0.032798703759908676, -0.0590442530810833, -0.03160328418016434, -0.08798625320196152, -0.038924574851989746, 0.03895701840519905, 0.004489061422646046, -0.02054372988641262, -0.008122440427541733, -0.010352243669331074, 0.0368947796523571, 0.01735280081629753, 0.012115905992686749, -0.028527386486530304, -0.0037039450835436583, 0.008086987771093845, -0.03786063566803932, -0.030065465718507767, 0.015175990760326385, -0.06144924834370613, 0.021594757214188576, 0.004009122494608164, -0.03519827499985695, -0.016581349074840546, -0.018551474437117577, 0.03806237876415253, 0.024074433371424675, -0.032650478184223175, -0.01053015235811472, 0.09495332092046738, 0.01804908737540245, -0.02578078769147396, -0.006049034651368856, -0.05280313268303871, 0.03572232648730278, 0.06543881446123123, -0.02654157765209675, 0.009875442832708359, 0.07316023856401443, 0.04264000430703163, 0.02207046188414097, -0.020976806059479713, -0.030979163944721222, -0.03169957548379898, 0.009983481839299202, -0.050786104053258896, -0.030097657814621925, 0.03768599405884743, -0.0206492580473423, -0.015066307969391346, -0.003298175986856222, 0.02091773971915245, -0.00943575706332922, -0.01324322447180748, -0.006911850068718195, 0.04463665932416916, -0.009819436818361282, -0.0011046429863199592, -0.008895186707377434, -0.03622732311487198, 0.0016945959068834782, 0.041732292622327805, -0.018726520240306854, 0.011482436209917068, -0.02907039411365986, 0.07803769409656525, 0.008235118351876736, 0.023769088089466095, 0.013230914250016212, 0.04307697340846062, -0.031214920803904533, -0.04159488156437874, 0.010941981337964535, -0.03514624014496803, 0.004400472156703472, -0.06327207386493683, 0.08578311651945114, -0.03046215884387493, -0.05438844487071037, 0.017730163410305977, -0.019938144832849503, -0.011098304763436317, -0.02337040938436985, -0.00009195208986056969, 0.0045370981097221375, 0.033575840294361115, -0.0015839303378015757, 0.024005170911550522, 0.03460836037993431, 0.008480400778353214, -0.015630710870027542, -0.07740972191095352, -0.02002517133951187, 0.038646820932626724, 0.04257110133767128, 0.04872657731175423, 0.009437955915927887, 0.013207904994487762, -0.0015582622727379203, -0.04645780473947525, -0.017316048964858055, 0.05763278901576996, 0.027582617476582527, 0.036639489233493805, 0.05273057892918587, 0.005667068064212799, -0.04482945427298546, -0.03983980789780617, -0.041894011199474335, 0.042685676366090775, 0.014785793609917164, -0.06684605777263641, -0.014111096039414406, -0.04682442173361778, -0.04188563674688339, 0.0742717981338501, 0.0015707587590441108, -0.027858048677444458, 0.01845531538128853, -0.03084539622068405, 0.04964142292737961, 0.047114405781030655, -0.019794046878814697, 0.03387416899204254, -0.03752594068646431, -0.004512634593993425, -0.05595110356807709, -0.08049605041742325, -0.05696867033839226, -0.009095398709177971, -0.056078504770994186, -0.08304212242364883, 0.02021237276494503, -0.016071263700723648, 0.01061281468719244, 0.02978472039103508, 0.019700385630130768, 0.018162742257118225, 0.01987997069954872, -0.012616544961929321, 0.011343158781528473, 0.018224099650979042, -0.02468772791326046, 0.0076036411337554455, 0.017968924716114998, -0.03541279211640358, 0.009449833072721958, -0.030098285526037216, -0.00807521678507328, 0.004942374303936958, -0.037121955305337906, 0.009550823830068111, 0.03930147737264633, 0.01800350472331047, -0.015593284741044044, -0.002318547572940588, 0.04183061793446541, -0.020389139652252197, 0.042844563722610474, -0.03171084076166153, -0.024979431182146072, 0.0011248126393184066, 0.0354398638010025, 0.03402014076709747, 0.030635397881269455, 0.004201162606477737, 0.05192083120346069, 0.019934220239520073, -0.025333968922495842, 0.04317646473646164, -0.012763194739818573, -0.006019769702106714, -0.002783308969810605, 0.003421458415687084, -0.05630236119031906, -0.022626185789704323, -0.03539060428738594, 0.0029041075613349676, -0.0020637980196624994, 0.011590950191020966, 0.025524361059069633, 0.02759137935936451, -0.0661134347319603, -0.05678287893533707, -0.05961185321211815, -0.004825083073228598, 0.023135434836149216, 0.016475964337587357, -0.05460701510310173, 0.0070643252693116665, 0.011460843496024609, -0.003844260238111019, -0.04345205798745155, -0.05356236547231674, -0.032602548599243164, 0.01381892804056406, -0.00284969131462276, 0.011470180004835129, 0.03213604539632797, -0.026225309818983078, -0.06451371312141418, 0.03766173496842384, -0.035212960094213486, 0.001568854320794344, -0.009885898791253567, 0.00023786209931131452, -0.0759030133485794, -0.02644449658691883, -0.023745005950331688, -0.0063950298354029655, -0.017288299277424812, -0.015752792358398438, -0.006950145587325096, 0.042166855186223984, 0.06816745549440384, 0.01816767454147339, 0.0028211018070578575, -0.0077371662482619286, 0.06103399023413658, -0.07579661905765533, 0.017663944512605667, -0.023086117580533028, -0.011389798484742641, 0.00018951624224428087, 0.014206930994987488, 0.015521430410444736, 0.03119257651269436, 0.011967993341386318, 0.016852375119924545, -0.03642836958169937, 0.03000112995505333, 0.07938739657402039, 0.04169438034296036, -0.09985636174678802, 0.025835290551185608, -0.0047090076841413975, 0.017051178961992264, 0.02194073237478733, 0.02679024636745453, 0.04125213995575905, -0.0393461175262928, -0.0360369049012661, 0.0443672239780426, 0.006815205793827772, 0.04790424555540085, 0.038463328033685684, 0.014272309839725494, 0.04070286452770233, 0.049152255058288574, 0.040684644132852554, -0.01639007218182087, 0.02267025038599968, 0.05952922999858856, 0.0006103144260123372, 0.051321934908628464, -0.021739816293120384, 0.007983043789863586, -0.03449854999780655, -0.02207931876182556, 0.006185317877680063, 0.04478395730257034, -0.03178856894373894, -0.028498170897364616, -0.0048378026112914085, -0.021160578355193138, -0.016709642484784126, -0.015202476643025875, -0.0947122797369957, 0.049245432019233704, 0.009385719895362854, 0.08392887562513351, -0.02205364592373371, 0.017283963039517403, 0.00030807871371507645, -0.06740395724773407, -0.02594798244535923, -0.026571717113256454, -0.05061134323477745, -0.022656569257378578, 0.016776572912931442, 0.04416368156671524, -0.028159985318779945, -0.035322319716215134, 0.08148228377103806, -0.008395794779062271, -0.03703249245882034, 0.07448167353868484, 0.020215176045894623, -0.010228775441646576, -0.0070083290338516235, -0.004525523632764816, -0.04541410133242607, -0.009051174856722355, 0.024516819044947624, -0.01609726808965206, 0.008331366814672947, 0.030346378684043884, 0.040115468204021454, -0.002378408797085285, -0.015528763644397259, 0.027911940589547157 ]
<p>A teacher of mine told me once that there were no ninth gluon because such a one should be white and interact infinitely far, and no one has been observed. Is there also a theoretical reason?</p>
g4620
[ 0.05330589413642883, 0.0854792669415474, 0.01602836512029171, -0.09847407788038254, 0.08104417473077774, 0.02058565802872181, -0.008075377903878689, 0.04122663289308548, -0.0075989654287695885, -0.06744933873414993, -0.011155843734741211, -0.013203611597418785, 0.006106928922235966, 0.013308209367096424, -0.02453896403312683, 0.01594761572778225, 0.08363974094390869, 0.012327050790190697, 0.015004917979240417, 0.015356470830738544, 0.004043552093207836, -0.006097345147281885, -0.023645304143428802, 0.010135001502931118, -0.012099024839699268, 0.01386568695306778, 0.01620730198919773, -0.0038079246878623962, 0.006602408830076456, -0.00373915396630764, 0.029203182086348534, -0.0014795678434893489, 0.021183757111430168, -0.017932739108800888, -0.017401935532689095, -0.05028434097766876, -0.01081960741430521, -0.020210886374115944, 0.040540240705013275, -0.005608635023236275, 0.016677776351571083, 0.04001517593860626, -0.017971213907003403, -0.03516823425889015, -0.041883014142513275, 0.07221544533967972, -0.02662094682455063, 0.01421249471604824, 0.00886828824877739, -0.001058698515407741, -0.01568480022251606, 0.008347705006599426, 0.05803341418504715, 0.016434278339147568, -0.004712188150733709, 0.0018038840498775244, 0.049626100808382034, 0.011765803210437298, 0.018021808937191963, 0.08433632552623749, -0.002045877045020461, -0.01101047731935978, -0.004987327381968498, 0.00415191613137722, 0.031092045828700066, -0.0440533384680748, -0.04864656925201416, 0.06075669452548027, -0.03975553810596466, 0.028522321954369545, 0.0035872049629688263, -0.05597130209207535, -0.006935261655598879, 0.0391308069229126, 0.03315533325076103, 0.05666070058941841, -0.005127443931996822, 0.060779035091400146, 0.020327236503362656, 0.008392153307795525, -0.02825457602739334, -0.0071827080100774765, -0.008547879755496979, -0.013950454071164131, 0.11913570016622543, -0.03842102363705635, -0.016221407800912857, 0.0013600160600617528, -0.03062511421740055, -0.012344030663371086, 0.009294774383306503, 0.02406117133796215, 0.029954491183161736, -0.01912591978907585, 0.01998438872396946, -0.06925039738416672, 0.01077368576079607, 0.05994846299290657, -0.03424093499779701, -0.0399564765393734, 0.012917163781821728, 0.03193916752934456, 0.019884837791323662, -0.001211304566822946, 0.017213985323905945, -0.08083703368902206, -0.0006479900912381709, -0.051504384726285934, 0.06761009246110916, -0.02109340950846672, 0.030180368572473526, -0.004401701502501965, 0.0042067780159413815, -0.0449964664876461, 0.06355059891939163, 0.005690046586096287, 0.05891401693224907, -0.02885996177792549, 0.03207416459918022, 0.018864085897803307, -0.012705623172223568, -0.012883154675364494, -0.07348527014255524, 0.012196145951747894, -0.03029162995517254, -0.05753654986619949, 0.05370466783642769, 0.01590237021446228, 0.008774921298027039, 0.007110638543963432, -0.041909147053956985, 0.03724592924118042, -0.021996978670358658, 0.03664402663707733, 0.020277000963687897, 0.008972962386906147, -0.02842765860259533, -0.0378677174448967, -0.00556821096688509, 0.056265417486429214, -0.017394067719578743, 0.019343562424182892, -0.048785071820020676, 0.007739684544503689, 0.08047284185886383, -0.01598362624645233, -0.040730010718107224, -0.022252866998314857, -0.012723413296043873, 0.0033154678530991077, 0.0055626146495342255, -0.0027895814273506403, 0.04356081411242485, 0.008007257245481014, -0.018810942769050598, -0.04325225204229355, 0.055975694209337234, 0.011331193149089813, 0.003405543277040124, 0.03568888455629349, 0.03260231018066406, -0.0009760548709891737, -0.016621388494968414, 0.020665280520915985, -0.0570884570479393, -0.08184336870908737, -0.0003655940236058086, -0.013871151953935623, -0.024869142100214958, 0.006851733662188053, -0.035924479365348816, -0.033298734575510025, 0.03163113445043564, 0.08673878014087677, -0.012371162883937359, 0.04569999501109123, -0.03905189409852028, -0.002571949502453208, -0.026284413412213326, 0.0028717834502458572, -0.03622058406472206, -0.02917698584496975, 0.014888782054185867, -0.01613043062388897, 0.067461758852005, -0.030112139880657196, -0.03518066555261612, 0.0024737087078392506, -0.015467364341020584, 0.01915004476904869, -0.07988198101520538, -0.03502647578716278, 0.02240973897278309, 0.0034722110722213984, 0.02878328040242195, -0.028506513684988022, 0.018001588061451912, -0.025742247700691223, -0.03801312297582626, 0.07400085031986237, -0.057547491043806076, -0.010981446132063866, -0.05566861480474472, -0.014163373038172722, -0.011874377727508545, -0.04464362561702728, -0.022982282564044, 0.005532820709049702, 0.10128983110189438, -0.04079039394855499, -0.013012002222239971, -0.017518023028969765, -0.009339040145277977, 0.04033290594816208, -0.04091408848762512, -0.03842977061867714, 0.011908290907740593, 0.01602126844227314, -0.0003597194154281169, -0.004646788816899061, 0.008771223947405815, -0.01005141157656908, 0.013945750892162323, -0.027370233088731766, 0.035353899002075195, -0.012868398800492287, -0.10293856263160706, -0.04052785038948059, -0.0217431727796793, 0.040494758635759354, -0.06536255031824112, -0.0638267993927002, -0.011156119406223297, -0.007832189090549946, 0.0013688966864719987, 0.038992758840322495, -0.02077179029583931, -0.03109775111079216, 0.017613785341382027, 0.0387948676943779, 0.01033573318272829, -0.04600364342331886, -0.029514532536268234, -0.008575658313930035, 0.030981965363025665, -0.008424818515777588, 0.0034288624301552773, 0.0181308351457119, -0.022119272500276566, 0.05007120594382286, 0.0057906657457351685, 0.027846232056617737, -0.025827374309301376, 0.004300679080188274, 0.019794929772615433, 0.0014525441220030189, 0.07218695431947708, 0.006632874719798565, -0.039460595697164536, -0.04461841285228729, -0.022565117105841637, -0.06450580805540085, 0.03703717514872551, -0.047244369983673096, -0.03117990493774414, -0.011937798000872135, -0.0673617422580719, 0.03117372840642929, -0.06482541561126709, 0.030669428408145905, -0.0011703104246407747, 0.031256332993507385, 0.019731441512703896, -0.009766781702637672, 0.001539723132736981, -0.0017103501595556736, -0.02961999922990799, 0.01011683139950037, 0.012636270374059677, -0.003829072928056121, -0.008093075826764107, 0.021360209211707115, 0.014249834232032299, -0.044652607291936874, 0.04278238117694855, 0.0010654873913154006, 0.005921363364905119, 0.0018747359281405807, 0.03750056400895119, 0.045707184821367264, -0.04676308482885361, -0.0674501359462738, 0.02449149452149868, 0.009216779842972755, -0.015604685060679913, 0.022184353321790695, 0.008393540978431702, -0.023304712027311325, 0.020996183156967163, 0.08462384343147278, 0.027005856856703758, -0.027500424534082413, 0.007918721996247768, 0.007144287694245577, 0.022861165925860405, -0.04075431823730469, 0.013434925116598606, 0.06476520001888275, -0.017741672694683075, 0.005975726991891861, 0.02552606165409088, 0.07533260434865952, 0.02135634608566761, 0.028166113421320915, 0.016312019899487495, 0.012000205926597118, -0.007551989052444696, 0.04237229749560356, 0.006924566812813282, -0.01078882347792387, -0.030171481892466545, 0.046976324170827866, -0.007440999150276184, -0.04025406762957573, 0.020143242552876472, 0.05493716150522232, -0.019811637699604034, -0.008152446709573269, -0.017328009009361267, -0.006326423026621342, -0.043719127774238586, -0.009661144576966763, -0.051924895495176315, -0.00006743210542481393, -0.018450506031513214, 0.005376768764108419, -0.02553325518965721, 0.030926300212740898, 0.05017291381955147, 0.044945381581783295, -0.027835849672555923, -0.0018504424951970577, -0.05908765643835068, 0.002425889251753688, 0.024677425622940063, -0.04617449641227722, -0.049451135098934174, -0.005091024097055197, -0.014625495299696922, 0.017930153757333755, 0.04723905026912689, -0.010630111210048199, -0.003894590074196458, -0.06525938212871552, -0.014909203164279461, 0.05281638354063034, -0.048414379358291626, 0.056141626089811325, 0.038857217878103256, -0.02745029143989086, 0.011651057749986649, 0.05286485329270363, 0.015455988235771656, -0.05479490011930466, 0.0034755778033286333, 0.00969984382390976, -0.05611720308661461, 0.017447229474782944, 0.07062491029500961, 0.0031252135522663593, -0.00943715963512659, 0.045611318200826645, -0.06547348946332932, -0.014190045185387135, 0.08885074406862259, -0.016740258783102036, 0.012468035332858562, 0.07316005975008011, -0.07109276205301285, 0.06585287302732468, 0.020616112276911736, -0.035720232874155045, 0.005281850695610046, -0.0009731602622196078, 0.023750267922878265, 0.02908448688685894, -0.03513509780168533, -0.04978259280323982, -0.021415777504444122, -0.04142941161990166, -0.031826287508010864, 0.0314439982175827, -0.01686030626296997, -0.04022714123129845, -0.033799368888139725, -0.0518217496573925, 0.00747788418084383, 0.026655418798327446, -0.003288562875241041, 0.0019646722357720137, -0.025308355689048767, -0.01660122163593769, -0.016258539631962776, -0.05403025820851326, -0.004323531407862902, 0.004708665423095226, 0.002736723283305764, 0.02226587012410164, -0.0000958994569373317, 0.0033576330170035362, 0.01005113497376442, 0.06643826514482498, 0.012091231532394886, -0.08175639063119888, -0.01418979000300169, -0.02603059634566307, -0.011907977983355522, 0.013781524263322353, -0.017585724592208862, -0.0015494542894884944, 0.06970290839672089, -0.02325223945081234, -0.04288092255592346, 0.01994156651198864, -0.005399856250733137, 0.05240948498249054, -0.042726561427116394, -0.026034947484731674, -0.00248327455483377, 0.008827208541333675, 0.06663742661476135, -0.008211295120418072, -0.009096027351915836, -0.011952828615903854, 0.013163615018129349, 0.04803502932190895, -0.0073529742658138275, 0.05357958748936653, 0.04916828125715256, 0.05311992019414902, 0.09193550795316696, -0.033152468502521515, -0.005505767650902271, 0.009910525754094124, 0.03525325283408165, 0.031605951488018036, 0.006329074501991272, -0.056450579315423965, -0.012103566899895668, 0.021022140979766846, -0.03839196637272835, -0.07506439089775085, -0.08104745298624039, 0.028265589848160744, -0.0025524639058858156, -0.06445733457803726, -0.047642916440963745, -0.005019685719162226, 0.00779232382774353, 0.03148283809423447, -0.06470108032226562, 0.006030615419149399, -0.04799043759703636, 0.041815999895334244, 0.04533069208264351, -0.0036490338388830423, 0.030446307733654976, -0.000508094672113657, -0.07356362789869308, 0.0017174046952277422, -0.05883407220244408, 0.09448689222335815, 0.06584062427282333, 0.016035938635468483, -0.005956502631306648, -0.08257502317428589, 0.001426072558388114, -0.046972278505563736, 0.005577329080551863, 0.02640078030526638, -0.060449786484241486, -0.029157262295484543, 0.03309358283877373, -0.04060535132884979, -0.03935553878545761, 0.06314399093389511, -0.02878701500594616, 0.036496471613645554, 0.02461560256779194, 0.00007416228618239984, 0.060020748525857925, -0.01988888531923294, 0.04242638871073723, -0.01889294944703579, 0.03368881717324257, -0.03592127561569214, 0.028668876737356186, 0.008237075991928577, 0.012099167332053185, 0.014676336199045181, -0.05438339710235596, -0.007556977216154337, -0.022205578163266182, 0.021589523181319237, -0.002530452096834779, 0.09277249872684479, 0.07474777847528458, -0.014548483304679394, -0.0076915062963962555, -0.0056424858048558235, -0.0028147660195827484, -0.046854376792907715, 0.050727467983961105, 0.021967027336359024, 0.01967727020382881, -0.018827559426426888, -0.04915263503789902, 0.001544256112538278, -0.030296998098492622, 0.0340024009346962, 0.04173377528786659, -0.037639956921339035, -0.05185389891266823, -0.021299362182617188, -0.041622620075941086, -0.008610167540609837, -0.005123930051922798, -0.06233307719230652, 0.008115412667393684, 0.0024277677293866873, 0.039317939430475235, -0.05555202066898346, 0.08016388863325119, 0.02235967293381691, -0.004413780756294727, -0.04839043319225311, -0.016024643555283546, 0.032734617590904236, -0.011541672050952911, -0.0020965533331036568, 0.0059042987413704395, 0.011616230010986328, 0.02247854880988598, 0.07140817493200302, 0.015045451931655407, 0.026287229731678963, 0.0027698471676558256, -0.002066347748041153, 0.05643366649746895, 0.03911013901233673, -0.022252971306443214, 0.051543641835451126, 0.014090840704739094, 0.09597202390432358, 0.026201114058494568, -0.02529734931886196, -0.006114097312092781, 0.029829243198037148, -0.030491426587104797, 0.016834333539009094, 0.008873922750353813, 0.08069895207881927, -0.028878187760710716, 0.0056969099678099155, 0.001604827935807407, -0.058383457362651825, -0.0339069627225399, -0.004768738057464361, 0.04534527659416199, 0.02044304646551609, 0.005076274275779724, 0.03069004788994789, 0.014341733418405056, 0.06312098354101181, 0.026516657322645187, -0.02161417528986931, 0.0037135297898203135, 0.0003065417695324868, 0.05066779628396034, -0.06450166553258896, -0.003079100977629423, 0.029786454513669014, -0.018641183152794838, -0.06826969236135483, 0.03803011029958725, 0.03804567828774452, 0.00952636543661356, -0.007821055129170418, 0.03832519054412842, 0.0031185478437691927, -0.00409003347158432, 0.005819346755743027, 0.009260866791009903, 0.0044865976087749004, 0.036875005811452866, -0.03261866793036461, -0.023543382063508034, 0.012401117943227291, -0.026590993627905846, -0.06363358348608017, 0.045986637473106384, -0.017097987234592438, 0.025889158248901367, 0.05008349567651749, 0.002980763791128993, 0.05966132879257202, -0.03093917854130268, 0.03551851585507393, -0.0173275638371706, 0.06386476755142212, 0.02525070682168007, 0.02567439153790474, 0.0007100396906025708, -0.04780671373009682, -0.01925167255103588, -0.06679502874612808, 0.021262196823954582, -0.013397032395005226, -0.0312979631125927, 0.0013674687361344695, 0.017214063555002213, -0.025798439979553223, -0.09386803954839706, -0.034044720232486725, 0.012991921976208687, 0.07439582794904709, -0.04408877715468407, 0.04768472909927368, 0.04515615850687027, 0.04831647127866745, -0.056554198265075684, 0.03735143318772316, 0.06950244307518005, 0.018321486189961433, 0.020490247756242752, -0.01260883267968893, -0.042763929814100266, -0.052632853388786316, -0.0020656229462474585, 0.004710229113698006, -0.014853565953671932, -0.06209399923682213, 0.011802050285041332, 0.013440420851111412, 0.0418698824942112, 0.04092134162783623, 0.0368783175945282, -0.01648157648742199, 0.00439060153439641, -0.004286957439035177, 0.0024281947407871485, -0.074118971824646, 0.043098084628582, -0.006333025172352791, -0.009424555115401745, -0.019780516624450684, -0.04650351032614708, -0.02495862916111946, 0.021538935601711273, 0.03429434821009636, -0.059215664863586426, 0.03674950823187828, -0.018510570749640465, 0.008732866495847702, -0.0032845796085894108, 0.006557842250913382, 0.014476105570793152, -0.07059648633003235, -0.00712532689794898, -0.007793005555868149, -0.014855604618787766, -0.018900347873568535, 0.023018773645162582, -0.04155483841896057, -0.007829342037439346, -0.04645824059844017, -0.017912324517965317, 0.01964670419692993, 0.01300529483705759, 0.032097380608320236, 0.0027817680966109037, 0.06154436618089676, 0.006175042130053043, 0.023897921666502953, -0.03646392747759819, 0.01166413351893425, 0.019103217869997025, -0.044133320450782776, -0.05707879737019539, 0.049095503985881805, -0.007590906694531441, -0.03824228420853615, -0.0090990224853158, -0.09046348184347153, 0.029400747269392014, 0.050235796719789505, -0.02162274532020092, -0.02429862879216671, -0.023542551323771477, -0.008361347019672394, -0.017203377559781075, -0.002019356470555067, -0.07832489907741547, -0.03756263479590416, 0.027418265119194984, 0.046787988394498825, 0.012380030937492847, 0.025170600041747093, 0.006527781020849943, 0.036025822162628174, -0.031242473050951958, 0.05379465967416763, 0.05158611387014389, 0.0504700168967247, 0.032999955117702484, -0.01205909438431263, -0.047419674694538116, -0.026999803259968758, 0.016115723177790642, -0.030786436051130295, 0.0020764595828950405, -0.05064978450536728, -0.03357510268688202, 0.043911371380090714, -0.02420150861144066, 0.009682740084826946, -0.0036812264006584883, -0.004686783999204636, -0.009326212108135223, 0.056284427642822266, -0.03096507489681244, -0.031180767342448235, -0.012496983632445335, -0.06248628348112106, -0.07399304211139679, -0.024536291137337685, 0.007022761274129152, -0.022462159395217896, -0.00991183053702116, -0.010333959013223648, 0.037191130220890045, -0.01633421517908573, 0.011539625003933907, -0.02577526681125164, -0.009234698489308357, 0.0021129280794411898, -0.03510857746005058, -0.035783398896455765, 0.0030382690019905567, 0.025466114282608032, -0.02714180201292038, 0.03294868394732475, -0.00790996104478836, 0.025712143629789352, 0.0406552292406559, -0.019866596907377243, 0.03387175127863884, 0.01780536398291588, -0.027025990188121796, -0.033680081367492676, -0.008710662834346294, -0.030390417203307152, -0.02887727878987789, 0.01991642452776432, 0.012842085212469101, 0.004804499447345734, -0.01420650165528059, -0.06791777163743973 ]
<p>The derivation for Heat Equation I am reading starts by stating </p> <p>Net change of heat inside $[x,x+\Delta x]$ = Net flux of heat across boundaries + Total heat generated inside $[x,x+\Delta x]$ and writes the conservation equation</p> <p>$$\textit{Total Heat Inside} [x,x+\Delta x]= cpA \int _{ x}^{x+\Delta x}u(s,t) ds $$</p> <p>and later equates net flux across the boundary with</p> <p>$u_x(x+\Delta x,t) - u_x(x,t)$,</p> <p>so the heat flow is proportional to the spatial gradient of temperature at both ends. What I dont understand is why is net flux proportional to the spatial gradient, why cant we use the temparature variable $u$ itself to measure the difference? If the temparature difference at both ends is high, then we would expect higher flow from high temparature to low, right? What would be the physical intuition behind this? Was this model arrived at by experimentation?</p> <p><img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/d5On3.png" alt="enter image description here"></p>
g4621
[ 0.04308919981122017, -0.07144547998905182, -0.0365966334939003, 0.0028319410048425198, 0.03607326000928879, 0.041194479912519455, 0.07690085470676422, 0.06435807794332504, -0.08644607663154602, -0.016285141929984093, -0.04630056768655777, 0.05490083247423172, 0.06302197277545929, 0.03121531940996647, -0.009623263031244278, -0.005205776542425156, 0.027909494936466217, -0.014146536588668823, 0.05006725341081619, 0.03575362265110016, -0.04923126846551895, -0.0063256267458200455, 0.029919184744358063, -0.03562142699956894, -0.021357610821723938, -0.020758481696248055, -0.00955271627753973, 0.0023386843968182802, -0.027961352840065956, 0.022955911234021187, 0.02185993455350399, 0.007809288799762726, 0.06491613388061523, -0.04052312672138214, -0.07109683007001877, 0.010822800919413567, 0.012066741473972797, 0.08229856193065643, 0.03403939679265022, -0.024590786546468735, 0.02872159518301487, 0.005790126975625753, 0.027593892067670822, -0.014476439915597439, -0.04760975018143654, -0.037096068263053894, -0.06102362647652626, -0.026115214452147484, -0.02958553470671177, 0.04164433106780052, -0.0035269588697701693, 0.029255496338009834, -0.0073603978380560875, -0.0185175072401762, -0.013444995507597923, -0.0008780370699241757, 0.023744232952594757, -0.048484720289707184, 0.0034883839543908834, 0.02677857130765915, 0.05251855030655861, 0.03799654543399811, -0.04215388372540474, 0.04060274735093117, 0.03603075444698334, -0.028119642287492752, -0.029795892536640167, 0.0022128114942461252, -0.045793332159519196, 0.03364454582333565, 0.01610446721315384, 0.028511689975857735, -0.00265056942589581, -0.04313625395298004, -0.024034757167100906, -0.005565132945775986, -0.009448282420635223, -0.054289236664772034, -0.002866319613531232, -0.032858435064554214, 0.0034611502196639776, 0.031621575355529785, 0.012885788455605507, 0.053667180240154266, 0.04393523186445236, 0.015471942722797394, -0.0031677926890552044, 0.018310416489839554, -0.06256613880395889, 0.021174483001232147, -0.0043923938646912575, 0.014735718257725239, 0.09971959888935089, 0.015730490908026695, -0.006919491104781628, -0.008536460809409618, 0.013876612298190594, -0.005051848012953997, 0.016969213262200356, -0.014584220014512539, 0.004199364688247442, 0.03517016023397446, 0.017276454716920853, 0.008368575014173985, -0.029291993007063866, 0.001928232260979712, 0.0074922554194927216, 0.041175685822963715, -0.05216240882873535, -0.019570110365748405, 0.022112209349870682, 0.002671400085091591, -0.11683900654315948, 0.06227589398622513, -0.006580563262104988, -0.0071774134412407875, 0.006309935357421637, -0.0046720909886062145, 0.0034656624775379896, 0.009759321808815002, 0.00780480494722724, -0.0018475198885425925, -0.005354844965040684, 0.06582140922546387, -0.0004574325284920633, 0.03776911273598671, 0.016025463119149208, 0.003508178982883692, 0.027822982519865036, 0.03410293906927109, 0.002177942544221878, -0.014122635126113892, -0.049377840012311935, 0.041524212807416916, 0.06656035780906677, -0.006335499230772257, -0.041480012238025665, 0.016862355172634125, -0.017892759293317795, 0.02527450956404209, -0.029790012165904045, -0.01350168976932764, -0.025393670424818993, -0.04761310666799545, -0.027386855334043503, 0.07068696618080139, -0.005990660283714533, -0.01221609115600586, 0.057476840913295746, -0.08392160385847092, 0.04789339751005173, 0.1119731143116951, -0.004093215800821781, -0.014926942996680737, -0.031941600143909454, -0.011339780874550343, 0.03448224067687988, -0.00886425469070673, 0.012268620543181896, -0.06040560081601143, 0.013955737464129925, 0.0232151597738266, 0.06780482083559036, -0.006060069426894188, -0.06542454659938812, -0.02146158367395401, -0.018773570656776428, -0.03998437896370888, -0.005658869165927172, -0.029199618846178055, -0.03916899859905243, 0.014997662045061588, 0.002101555932313204, -0.0291824322193861, -0.007287974003702402, 0.07074413448572159, 0.038025688380002975, 0.009931190870702267, 0.03199649974703789, -0.025302881374955177, -0.02777455374598503, 0.01834418997168541, 0.08067715167999268, -0.06146933138370514, 0.027860891073942184, 0.0007902473444119096, 0.0024945498444139957, -0.017362287268042564, -0.043655574321746826, -0.029536770656704903, 0.01571771316230297, -0.04925065115094185, -0.005286738742142916, 0.0273616723716259, 0.013718925416469574, 0.018426256254315376, 0.014594240114092827, -0.07692833989858627, -0.04565652832388878, 0.0606413334608078, -0.057044658809900284, 0.01826738938689232, 0.057762499898672104, -0.020571310073137283, -0.027395304292440414, 0.007344776298850775, -0.007355821784585714, -0.012229646556079388, 0.01967245526611805, 0.030129535123705864, -0.02325204759836197, -0.012701255269348621, -0.0025046970695257187, 0.007356420159339905, -0.005410155281424522, 0.009180338121950626, 0.035165175795555115, -0.03725235536694527, -0.035009901970624924, -0.038029745221138, -0.05042136833071709, -0.031698863953351974, 0.010370480827987194, -0.02472267486155033, -0.11198824644088745, 0.012697909027338028, -0.006031987722963095, -0.00003105024734395556, -0.035063594579696655, 0.06789232790470123, -0.00885892752557993, 0.00014156888937577605, 0.020503466948866844, -0.010108436457812786, 0.015881327912211418, 0.02726643718779087, 0.044994838535785675, 0.00893398467451334, -0.02884608507156372, 0.02534172497689724, 0.029161548241972923, -0.04736845940351486, -0.03674115985631943, 0.0879572331905365, 0.0020388346165418625, 0.010243258439004421, 0.010859957896173, 0.025540873408317566, -0.0275371503084898, -0.029033944010734558, 0.019992392510175705, 0.005756635218858719, 0.049857400357723236, -0.009565460495650768, 0.018523825332522392, -0.03936608135700226, -0.03321556746959686, 0.003805504646152258, -0.02808520384132862, -0.03388768434524536, -0.035847920924425125, -0.028797293081879616, 0.028966322541236877, 0.036674343049526215, 0.0009760374668985605, -0.04039742797613144, 0.010082695633172989, 0.008976912125945091, 0.07051418721675873, -0.007725891657173634, 0.011751171201467514, 0.03587307035923004, -0.01107859332114458, 0.0194554403424263, 0.015567654743790627, -0.0063386340625584126, 0.02081024833023548, -0.028208445757627487, 0.04472044110298157, -0.04770367592573166, 0.014721937477588654, 0.008295661769807339, -0.011549405753612518, 0.029134541749954224, 0.0813324898481369, -0.07803210616111755, -0.0034101419150829315, -0.0073801795952022076, -0.016047801822423935, 0.005095444619655609, -0.000507946009747684, -0.015178448520600796, -0.006149590015411377, -0.029066123068332672, 0.06655065715312958, -0.045858703553676605, 0.027406087145209312, -0.051257580518722534, 0.019200140610337257, -0.022316453978419304, -0.010614327155053616, -0.004637648351490498, -0.0018415767699480057, 0.007277868688106537, -0.01445695199072361, 0.039710987359285355, -0.06664187461137772, -0.02836596965789795, -0.013019769452512264, -0.009610195644199848, 0.01880732551217079, -0.03130670264363289, 0.028975959867239, -0.05476904660463333, -0.011279483325779438, -0.041386354714632034, -0.027677107602357864, 0.0009926063939929008, 0.0011416322086006403, 0.018360665068030357, -0.022188883274793625, -0.031715672463178635, -0.00847137812525034, 0.02199399471282959, -0.00853723380714655, -0.014812810346484184, -0.03650150075554848, -0.04680010303854942, -0.0303619634360075, -0.0362449549138546, -0.0007217810489237309, -0.005400225054472685, 0.00086741812992841, -0.002178169321268797, 0.008123028092086315, -0.020014433190226555, -0.01800885796546936, -0.0020585565362125635, 0.024939149618148804, 0.005354440305382013, -0.017637990415096283, -0.03312485292553902, -0.06436213105916977, 0.022110717371106148, -0.0024647703394293785, 0.001893961918540299, 0.009895511902868748, 0.018633192405104637, -0.002778096590191126, 0.00492843659594655, 0.019008640199899673, -0.007151584606617689, 0.010909633710980415, -0.028522588312625885, -0.033023651689291, 0.028962325304746628, 0.04152790457010269, 0.04550529271364212, 0.020782876759767532, 0.058343153446912766, 0.056279417127370834, -0.0036734750028699636, 0.013776558451354504, -0.017410440370440483, -0.0354464165866375, 0.046884387731552124, 0.11224416643381119, -0.04071841761469841, -0.05233503133058548, -0.04794800654053688, -0.021530402824282646, 0.01934756524860859, -0.07684485614299774, -0.03163411095738411, 0.07083594799041748, -0.021714217960834503, 0.05051422864198685, 0.006471801549196243, -0.03544529899954796, 0.014324692077934742, 0.032488591969013214, 0.0076130833476781845, 0.018039660528302193, 0.02664840966463089, 0.03137640655040741, -0.00036653230199590325, -0.010483471676707268, 0.008767901919782162, -0.030780471861362457, -0.04427047818899155, -0.017078673467040062, -0.0024499439168721437, -0.010296560823917389, -0.00022841164900455624, -0.008531270548701286, 0.041906461119651794, -0.005305839236825705, 0.032633811235427856, -0.02452315203845501, -0.014412859454751015, -0.006887094117701054, -0.02722751721739769, -0.009366032667458057, -0.020245270803570747, -0.04883016645908356, -0.055697083473205566, 0.03635270148515701, 0.013648591935634613, -0.046154800802469254, -0.027447139844298363, -0.014382423833012581, -0.04678779095411301, 0.005275729577988386, -0.04469049721956253, 0.0025597636122256517, -0.042803678661584854, 0.022820444777607918, 0.010809280909597874, 0.06281928718090057, -0.02633471041917801, 0.0514795184135437, -0.020516930148005486, 0.006516619585454464, 0.03451460599899292, 0.045979782938957214, 0.09927835315465927, 0.04098156839609146, 0.023023420944809914, 0.022416790947318077, -0.05709846690297127, -0.050139881670475006, 0.04332423955202103, -0.022167330607771873, 0.05431924760341644, -0.0631643533706665, 0.0750940591096878, -0.04201208055019379, 0.05527198314666748, -0.031657177954912186, 0.004401171579957008, 0.02390473149716854, 0.041719626635313034, 0.0060946340672671795, -0.009276090189814568, 0.031633250415325165, 0.0243127029389143, 0.03581904619932175, -0.055135805159807205, -0.04170568659901619, -0.07310082763433456, -0.03568316251039505, 0.07670146971940994, -0.0299027431756258, 0.018136585131287575, -0.014120672829449177, -0.01770702190697193, 0.01954828016459942, -0.0012541583273559809, -0.008111181668937206, -0.0031349388882517815, -0.05564846843481064, -0.006406981032341719, -0.036443840712308884, 0.003478151746094227, 0.05375951901078224, -0.05465565249323845, -0.027348630130290985, 0.017926236614584923, 0.0333186499774456, 0.01526118628680706, 0.02785436436533928, 0.048308033496141434, 0.010008350946009159, 0.02417229488492012, 0.06788410991430283, 0.028316346928477287, -0.0006048797513358295, -0.047380514442920685, 0.03211955353617668, -0.04888175055384636, -0.014314649626612663, 0.041755568236112595, 0.045103300362825394, 0.059658233076334, 0.02138473652303219, -0.024566885083913803, -0.0983872190117836, -0.022218404337763786, 0.08110528439283371, -0.03150958940386772, 0.0036950428038835526, -0.01645561307668686, 0.019156944006681442, 0.04013373330235481, -0.029298583045601845, -0.016006289049983025, 0.0045328885316848755, -0.03725304454565048, 0.02641800045967102, -0.03627411648631096, -0.07132019847631454, 0.07231031358242035, -0.051145248115062714, 0.02545715868473053, 0.05788597837090492, 0.06357277929782867, 0.00913558155298233, -0.002063947031274438, 0.024851500988006592, 0.013133852742612362, 0.014245282858610153, 0.0021151460241526365, -0.020601151511073112, -0.03816326707601547, 0.022921845316886902, -0.035592641681432724, 0.07034730911254883, -0.03517778217792511, 0.008349034935235977, -0.028590617701411247, 0.05858330801129341, 0.019186347723007202, 0.020171698182821274, -0.0034310887567698956, 0.04871927946805954, -0.0035660930443555117, -0.033680252730846405, -0.02833130955696106, -0.0037398161366581917, -0.016856225207448006, -0.025445949286222458, 0.0468776561319828, -0.021770067512989044, 0.04294880852103233, -0.047587309032678604, 0.001131438068114221, -0.0006855733226984739, 0.0037953227292746305, 0.025718871504068375, -0.033909182995557785, 0.01292084064334631, -0.06415172666311264, -0.008201584219932556, 0.0747094675898552, 0.053870443254709244, 0.015508705750107765, -0.043000705540180206, -0.024645373225212097, -0.024790113791823387, -0.004287482239305973, -0.006334531586617231, 0.0036971040535718203, 0.005154730752110481, -0.03432925045490265, 0.013617899268865585, -0.00460605276748538, -0.0012024017050862312, -0.027099603787064552, 0.041594669222831726, 0.005544758401811123, 0.017935888841748238, 0.020463857799768448, 0.02063835598528385, 0.025219593197107315, 0.020524276420474052, -0.05748981609940529, -0.025634225457906723, 0.03366154804825783, 0.05341923236846924, -0.007496409583836794, 0.014459202066063881, -0.02019084244966507, -0.007925309240818024, -0.0008028203737922013, 0.022019997239112854, 0.014897018671035767, -0.021827489137649536, -0.017598170787096024, -0.044394925236701965, -0.03209858015179634, 0.0033278632909059525, -0.04300519824028015, -0.020392421633005142, -0.05029543861746788, 0.0046676709316670895, 0.003196926321834326, -0.05788423866033554, 0.028990115970373154, 0.0503421388566494, 0.016735196113586426, -0.024777481332421303, -0.047950971871614456, 0.03215077519416809, 0.04489312320947647, 0.02790950983762741, -0.00438058702275157, 0.02706574648618698, 0.021577978506684303, -0.03508378937840462, -0.021060597151517868, -0.000907515175640583, 0.01307598315179348, 0.03000493347644806, -0.06179291382431984, -0.0062485346570611, 0.032995156943798065, 0.06461445987224579, 0.025148088112473488, -0.016744663938879967, 0.04532921314239502, 0.023727286607027054, 0.0636015459895134, 0.07156684249639511, 0.027833381667733192, -0.006785096600651741, -0.021052993834018707, -0.03112093172967434, 0.03810346499085426, 0.005066134501248598, -0.012314110063016415, -0.041885167360305786, -0.015018303878605366, 0.034258998930454254, -0.008891068398952484, 0.0877406969666481, 0.05704357102513313, -0.047362808138132095, 0.08718585222959518, 0.013997047208249569, 0.04134407266974449, -0.017009364441037178, 0.03433885797858238, -0.053685929626226425, 0.0479186587035656, -0.029941484332084656, -0.017016470432281494, 0.010751888155937195, 0.01102881133556366, 0.05022263899445534, 0.016682295128703117, -0.04271448403596878, -0.01562950760126114, 0.004491074476391077, 0.004987508058547974, -0.035154059529304504, 0.032711535692214966, -0.04207534343004227, -0.035728033632040024, -0.10211419314146042, 0.033191751688718796, 0.0007824392523616552, 0.013840093277394772, -0.08668279647827148, -0.03759685158729553, 0.00555372005328536, 0.02277628891170025, -0.022636007517576218, 0.014871833845973015, -0.00291452556848526, -0.010880808345973492, 0.006257469300180674, -0.10346587747335434, 0.00901073683053255, 0.08167553693056107, 0.09469780325889587, 0.049049630761146545, 0.02477005124092102, -0.05026602745056152, 0.07201513648033142, -0.03586893528699875, 0.01976725086569786, -0.04748648777604103, -0.0065993559546768665, 0.052126046270132065, -0.011927323415875435, 0.030670499429106712, -0.0006855159299448133, 0.01722794584929943, 0.012130938470363617, -0.0025726761668920517, 0.028360724449157715, -0.008747522719204426, 0.03655929118394852, -0.061154820024967194, -0.04118739068508148, -0.014969580806791782, 0.008200980722904205, -0.014208823442459106, 0.008260498754680157, -0.0141036007553339, -0.04369227588176727, 0.033623598515987396, 0.06348428130149841, 0.01097799837589264, -0.0004678511177189648, 0.07838309556245804, -0.01099584810435772, 0.0258906502276659, 0.011377728544175625, -0.011600763536989689, 0.038124021142721176, -0.05246526375412941, 0.013369619846343994, -0.010769596323370934, 0.0254816897213459, 0.023408500477671623, -0.004770186729729176, 0.004382371436804533, -0.012986690737307072, -0.03239323943853378, 0.035749971866607666, 0.019714759662747383, 0.06942832469940186, 0.043983232229948044, -0.0017114134971052408, -0.03352779150009155, -0.05931152030825615, -0.05418403446674347, -0.038115665316581726, -0.06263270974159241, -0.010237039066851139, -0.0517866276204586, -0.04249229654669762, -0.09824192523956299, -0.018031993880867958, -0.034256499260663986, -0.0040090931579470634, -0.07488635927438736, 0.031155357137322426, -0.021904727444052696, -0.026886479929089546, 0.04017338901758194, -0.05066043883562088, -0.03990959748625755, 0.003530514193698764, 0.01831226795911789, 0.019757788628339767, 0.0011837980709969997, 0.06587591767311096, -0.010374781675636768, 0.004881133791059256, -0.0451202467083931, 0.017825346440076828, -0.04385541006922722, -0.041152406483888626, 0.013035831972956657, -0.04322642832994461, 0.02870057336986065, -0.02815399505198002, -0.040053799748420715, 0.050523459911346436, -0.030067024752497673, -0.04460252821445465, 0.034291867166757584, 0.04661130532622337, -0.06857885420322418, -0.028001023456454277, -0.005947710946202278, -0.0008750986307859421, 0.00693468376994133, -0.05329744890332222, -0.042495980858802795, 0.0071580009534955025, 0.0062318905256688595, 0.027041925117373466, -0.012946032918989658, -0.004053747281432152, -0.00957286823540926 ]
<p>I am still struggling with C being a constant and what that implies. So can an experiment be done to find the resting state for the universe? Take a device with an observer and a light source and two mirrors, one 10 meters in front and the other 10 meters behind the light source. Now move this through space at some speed. Can’t you determine your speed by using the red/blue shift from the light reflected by the mirrors? Will this allow you to find the resting reference for the entire universe?</p>
g4622
[ 0.01250989269465208, -0.009523492306470871, -0.004649917129427195, -0.04214229807257652, 0.039993517100811005, -0.005733252968639135, 0.06406836956739426, 0.04925325885415077, -0.04017074406147003, -0.04823163524270058, 0.022830620408058167, -0.020529400557279587, -0.009402243420481682, 0.017198074609041214, -0.00772474892437458, -0.021684395149350166, 0.03381262347102165, -0.019812559708952904, 0.04829628765583038, -0.03079473227262497, -0.035216666758060455, 0.026576336473226547, -0.04299138858914375, -0.0512879379093647, -0.013070928864181042, 0.03324351832270622, -0.002437485149130225, -0.017660921439528465, -0.06146644428372383, -0.018392855301499367, 0.03899800032377243, -0.06338920444250107, 0.04628429561853409, -0.019596388563513756, 0.04097902402281761, -0.04783519357442856, 0.06706399470567703, 0.04704277217388153, -0.00002322992258996237, 0.022664345800876617, -0.017709869891405106, 0.02536848746240139, -0.0035215409006923437, -0.004410436376929283, 0.03278990089893341, 0.047971829771995544, 0.0161771010607481, -0.0350787453353405, 0.032528385519981384, -0.06599174439907074, -0.06767483800649643, 0.018459578976035118, 0.011571484617888927, 0.03155573457479477, 0.02012450061738491, 0.011675924994051456, -0.022122617810964584, -0.03788015618920326, 0.015484092757105827, -0.042214348912239075, 0.035657111555337906, -0.08960002660751343, 0.04303205385804176, -0.0051030912436544895, 0.019710378721356392, -0.013181821443140507, -0.025818802416324615, 0.015852630138397217, -0.04581715911626816, -0.05477637052536011, 0.014254731126129627, -0.00520419143140316, -0.005271759815514088, -0.01655312441289425, -0.08256597071886063, 0.0200488418340683, 0.049714431166648865, -0.0535099096596241, -0.016533151268959045, 0.020679442211985588, -0.022829901427030563, -0.04276619851589203, 0.056117746978998184, 0.0362442210316658, 0.06514887511730194, -0.007684442680329084, -0.042420893907547, 0.04099835455417633, 0.02539743483066559, 0.009213047102093697, -0.005920805037021637, -0.02989181876182556, 0.11375974863767624, 0.030262967571616173, 0.03937426954507828, -0.008045430295169353, 0.01631452515721321, 0.08982688188552856, -0.014515034854412079, 0.017043691128492355, -0.05986654758453369, 0.015383186750113964, -0.044055577367544174, 0.03659569099545479, 0.014350533485412598, -0.01700333133339882, -0.014937777072191238, -0.00046968553215265274, -0.02971622534096241, -0.03253598138689995, -0.010358832776546478, -0.045217834413051605, 0.0050867595709860325, 0.01610809750854969, -0.09145962446928024, -0.03736409172415733, 0.05728677287697792, 0.026406098157167435, 0.019391415640711784, 0.01854437030851841, -0.00426205899566412, 0.052733637392520905, -0.03573574125766754, 0.015619524754583836, -0.026680437847971916, 0.033555347472429276, -0.037335142493247986, -0.0255472082644701, 0.003219407284632325, 0.04356144368648529, -0.03644772619009018, 0.05412791296839714, -0.018956873565912247, 0.017322150990366936, -0.035119663923978806, -0.004311963450163603, 0.029463034123182297, -0.057846106588840485, -0.018831240013241768, 0.044229716062545776, -0.021948065608739853, -0.014155881479382515, 0.004131678491830826, -0.03137332946062088, -0.003772242460399866, 0.009829932823777199, -0.01672867313027382, -0.0023681509774178267, 0.038555413484573364, 0.027468565851449966, 0.018139023333787918, 0.07897892594337463, -0.010276131331920624, -0.060656409710645676, -0.003128781681880355, -0.03316356986761093, 0.020796723663806915, -0.013225675560534, -0.01545148529112339, 0.04619412496685982, 0.05372807756066322, -0.00382617418654263, -0.06356795132160187, 0.0007377853617072105, 0.0012614389415830374, -0.044003862887620926, -0.05199392884969711, -0.0412156842648983, 0.029702791944146156, -0.03612345829606056, -0.09991487115621567, 0.009781215339899063, 0.02410717122256756, 0.03388458862900734, 0.012654530815780163, 0.004620889667421579, -0.009103167802095413, -0.003958012908697128, 0.022251131013035774, 0.027241326868534088, 0.011940421536564827, -0.048714153468608856, -0.011557775549590588, -0.026996711269021034, 0.0061066471971571445, 0.035672083497047424, -0.03494398295879364, -0.11751812696456909, -0.03180453181266785, 0.007077348884195089, 0.011913006193935871, -0.070376917719841, -0.05958869308233261, 0.037271592766046524, 0.014873936772346497, -0.008006814867258072, 0.03360181301832199, -0.017773276194930077, -0.015882115811109543, 0.0499580055475235, 0.01941642537713051, 0.010443434119224548, 0.01957220584154129, -0.005448285490274429, 0.02090897224843502, -0.034278664737939835, 0.04994820058345795, -0.04411482810974121, -0.02690625749528408, 0.003454431425780058, 0.054813116788864136, 0.05534413829445839, 0.011020079255104065, 0.05279802903532982, -0.004857179243117571, -0.001973272068426013, -0.010008538141846657, 0.0025402551982551813, 0.016913434490561485, 0.025143874809145927, 0.009345266036689281, -0.00033291714498773217, 0.05927111580967903, 0.010960490442812443, -0.014571760781109333, -0.013276541605591774, -0.07548084110021591, 0.03602694347500801, 0.03681640699505806, 0.04007339105010033, -0.04780958965420723, 0.0153322983533144, 0.04147638753056526, 0.0392899252474308, 0.0632462203502655, 0.04338633269071579, -0.004587841220200062, 0.017981380224227905, -0.00154952856246382, 0.030177799984812737, 0.016886524856090546, -0.01695600524544716, -0.06750202178955078, -0.011477623134851456, -0.04619134962558746, -0.00786257442086935, 0.045967113226652145, 0.001311961212195456, 0.006515994668006897, 0.011580683290958405, 0.014505879022181034, 0.00487759942188859, 0.009931201115250587, -0.0614897683262825, -0.04203768074512482, -0.016651013866066933, -0.03349931538105011, 0.022644812241196632, -0.06039495766162872, -0.0345647819340229, 0.05979175865650177, -0.042491503059864044, 0.03834684565663338, 0.02442817948758602, 0.010027293115854263, -0.024254200980067253, -0.036650970578193665, -0.024058083072304726, -0.04416710138320923, 0.024387294426560402, -0.03396598994731903, -0.003239419311285019, 0.03980002924799919, 0.02518685720860958, 0.009978034533560276, 0.007510211318731308, 0.02298358827829361, -0.0634278729557991, 0.018874365836381912, 0.021557781845331192, -0.047438718378543854, 0.02433602511882782, -0.06627733260393143, -0.011644638143479824, -0.04630112648010254, -0.017054283991456032, -0.012913997285068035, 0.025303127244114876, -0.0064764609560370445, 0.019270436838269234, -0.0025072041898965836, 0.011677815578877926, -0.0008656001300550997, 0.07206469774246216, 0.025837378576397896, 0.028895137831568718, 0.032078322023153305, -0.04208509996533394, 0.02644379995763302, 0.06217701733112335, 0.0015868882182985544, -0.0417732335627079, 0.029943160712718964, -0.007612820249050856, -0.04614860191941261, -0.027176043018698692, -0.005307355429977179, -0.007925604470074177, 0.03420328348875046, 0.026479797437787056, -0.012083207257091999, 0.04052390158176422, -0.008710040710866451, -0.005252907518297434, 0.014945263043045998, 0.06115204840898514, -0.002857841784134507, -0.012743269093334675, 0.02045045793056488, 0.03720270097255707, 0.06604676693677902, 0.007775370962917805, -0.022756807506084442, -0.03735654056072235, 0.05685264617204666, 0.027553332969546318, 0.00029252259992063046, -0.04104289785027504, -0.11146073043346405, -0.024287836626172066, 0.0011396721238270402, -0.004513174761086702, -0.016578970476984978, -0.009566559456288815, 0.05006246268749237, -0.035530682653188705, -0.028328772634267807, -0.041445281356573105, 0.03597439080476761, 0.02073400281369686, -0.022234370931982994, -0.033201444894075394, -0.041145436465740204, 0.007794610690325499, 0.06569383293390274, 0.013496840372681618, -0.030865678563714027, 0.013426699675619602, -0.0032416554167866707, -0.005218869540840387, 0.055137038230895996, 0.006438033655285835, -0.018121622502803802, -0.024752948433160782, -0.0039019642863422632, 0.03725501894950867, -0.004204404074698687, 0.031558699905872345, 0.00359596055932343, 0.009215855039656162, -0.003093329956755042, -0.01376508828252554, -0.02285119518637657, 0.0210848618298769, 0.020134756341576576, -0.030020972713828087, -0.03521818667650223, 0.05238715931773186, 0.010061370208859444, 0.046324461698532104, 0.01949579454958439, -0.017066339030861855, -0.04325610771775246, -0.017011672258377075, 0.02879589982330799, 0.02165837585926056, 0.02869667112827301, -0.01340232603251934, -0.05938386917114258, 0.056229617446660995, -0.03191208839416504, 0.03780549764633179, 0.0147457430139184, -0.021009046584367752, 0.009121905080974102, 0.044276297092437744, -0.012508447282016277, -0.020790280774235725, -0.036154765635728836, -0.018822336569428444, 0.06994104385375977, -0.06595005095005035, -0.06477437168359756, -0.024688836187124252, -0.0070475805550813675, 0.001336276764050126, 0.019437173381447792, -0.05523887649178505, 0.03252687677741051, -0.019933702424168587, 0.011531662195920944, 0.02916606329381466, -0.032676491886377335, 0.005681627430021763, -0.009092497639358044, 0.01314937137067318, -0.01336297020316124, 0.00191438477486372, 0.007873022928833961, 0.04647158458828926, -0.052744075655937195, 0.04431489109992981, 0.006714425981044769, -0.14117375016212463, 0.10230211913585663, -0.0028400032315403223, 0.02441183663904667, -0.032581180334091187, 0.055409613996744156, 0.006114906165748835, -0.013763368129730225, 0.03888332098722458, 0.03533926233649254, 0.01726723276078701, -0.03897849842905998, 0.006435748189687729, -0.034780293703079224, 0.01267528347671032, 0.020854711532592773, -0.010533667169511318, 0.0428779236972332, -0.03147488459944725, 0.03511741757392883, 0.06752274185419083, -0.03813713416457176, 0.07451756298542023, 0.023399552330374718, -0.02712441422045231, -0.0443529412150383, 0.005869787652045488, 0.026316100731492043, 0.010508811101317406, -0.013382704928517342, -0.003602170618250966, -0.09703271090984344, 0.1279798150062561, -0.06931905448436737, -0.07875476032495499, 0.006566556170582771, -0.037787605077028275, 0.004409303423017263, -0.0022086335811764, -0.02971169725060463, 0.033916816115379333, -0.002182179829105735, -0.0016039983602240682, -0.00412964029237628, 0.05897023528814316, 0.06430602073669434, 0.06070922315120697, -0.04255582019686699, 0.030302489176392555, 0.0014634828548878431, -0.023597173392772675, 0.06295236945152283, -0.01990990899503231, -0.010354246012866497, -0.030497252941131592, -0.04502401873469353, 0.06377333402633667, -0.02726498804986477, 0.0347215011715889, 0.07822578400373459, 0.007890808396041393, -0.006424540653824806, -0.007807142101228237, 0.026913365349173546, 0.024323413148522377, -0.03874671459197998, 0.003003983525559306, -0.03952096402645111, 0.027053168043494225, 0.03761325404047966, -0.026388654485344887, -0.009939581155776978, -0.01112586259841919, -0.03404960781335831, 0.03889989107847214, -0.02814687229692936, -0.02743569016456604, 0.008678584359586239, 0.009883063845336437, 0.056451622396707535, -0.019980812445282936, 0.025412721559405327, 0.025269944220781326, -0.029432041570544243, -0.07603077590465546, -0.04388312250375748, 0.013649314641952515, 0.01743893139064312, 0.06798528879880905, 0.05165412276983261, 0.021644700318574905, -0.06647463142871857, 0.040521424263715744, 0.020409846678376198, 0.008154002949595451, -0.022472087293863297, 0.04909767210483551, -0.03403292968869209, 0.014062967151403427, 0.012946803122758865, 0.05119892954826355, 0.017321081832051277, -0.014033299870789051, 0.04192955046892166, 0.04264403134584427, -0.018712421879172325, -0.024072211235761642, -0.02381310425698757, 0.052192945033311844, 0.03472977504134178, 0.027250375598669052, 0.009049429558217525, -0.03770117461681366, -0.021414319053292274, 0.06666578352451324, 0.02623896859586239, -0.03600842133164406, 0.0443674698472023, 0.04632074013352394, 0.02296924591064453, -0.0427689366042614, -0.03809580206871033, -0.0727546289563179, -0.0008598914137110114, -0.021794358268380165, 0.01182993222028017, -0.028607474640011787, -0.054719310253858566, -0.02513117343187332, 0.03085726499557495, 0.02802937850356102, 0.017004236578941345, -0.006641715299338102, -0.05233335867524147, 0.02560816891491413, 0.07257741689682007, -0.04660208150744438, -0.04342641681432724, 0.06470588594675064, 0.011031130328774452, 0.07360150665044785, -0.015529186464846134, 0.0365341491997242, -0.03765001520514488, 0.0014239520533010364, -0.02803940698504448, -0.015099323354661465, -0.03275907784700394, -0.010889951139688492, 0.059547994285821915, -0.011505333706736565, -0.018835479393601418, -0.05330343171954155, -0.018787939101457596, 0.00820267852395773, 0.09384733438491821, 0.002149731619283557, 0.010970942676067352, -0.035271622240543365, -0.027657242491841316, -0.024501802399754524, 0.004974064417183399, -0.014901104383170605, -0.05129002779722214, -0.007536764722317457, -0.05093597620725632, 0.029807252809405327, 0.0027264547534286976, -0.003501089056953788, 0.03141588345170021, 0.0227341428399086, -0.0054138097912073135, 0.015157915651798248, 0.004250973463058472, -0.0025535887107253075, -0.002412488916888833, -0.014095100574195385, -0.0015834264922887087, -0.010111866518855095, -0.025857362896203995, -0.016733461990952492, -0.04674653708934784, -0.016477687284350395, -0.005297091323882341, -0.06682057678699493, -0.05297303572297096, 0.02286520227789879, 0.025483867153525352, 0.0009458200074732304, 0.019863490015268326, 0.004744745325297117, 0.052225567400455475, 0.018573541194200516, -0.038748376071453094, -0.026219971477985382, 0.06356184929609299, 0.008191920816898346, 0.030710123479366302, 0.012239891104400158, -0.012469843029975891, 0.02532707154750824, -0.02205817401409149, -0.01693137362599373, 0.021687116473913193, -0.01994292251765728, 0.0046014804393053055, -0.03619891405105591, 0.06080431491136551, -0.023230120539665222, -0.01669691875576973, -0.011715095490217209, 0.020778242498636246, 0.06430406868457794, -0.03556779772043228, -0.007078069262206554, 0.0460151769220829, 0.03836340084671974, -0.05140409246087074, 0.023429401218891144, 0.031717944890260696, -0.038524433970451355, 0.026175789535045624, 0.007272891700267792, -0.020834041759371758, 0.02767854556441307, 0.03609893471002579, 0.0024899968411773443, -0.007883368991315365, -0.014352435246109962, 0.03330782800912857, -0.04171327129006386, -0.04381502792239189, 0.01915576681494713, 0.05012766644358635, -0.009850049391388893, 0.009311346337199211, 0.023181477561593056, 0.014575498178601265, -0.0004385349457152188, -0.019049927592277527, 0.020593097433447838, -0.03532087057828903, 0.04125678166747093, 0.022120291367173195, 0.01612160913646221, -0.018215537071228027, -0.0956907644867897, -0.030190272256731987, -0.05671316012740135, -0.06657716631889343, -0.024497520178556442, -0.04062188044190407, -0.025017138570547104, -0.03775043785572052, -0.040779195725917816, -0.005136311054229736, -0.05343995243310928, 0.004752350505441427, -0.007413775660097599, -0.06659924983978271, 0.04687981680035591, -0.012425236403942108, -0.03305318206548691, -0.03592472895979881, 0.020664647221565247, 0.005457686260342598, -0.013574537821114063, -0.020091893151402473, 0.012467969208955765, -0.00940373819321394, 0.02409117855131626, -0.05820426344871521, 0.05928986147046089, -0.030633745715022087, -0.02112661860883236, 0.02397741749882698, -0.06615910679101944, -0.0219526719301939, 0.02460700459778309, -0.01743292808532715, -0.07414191961288452, 0.010685376822948456, 0.02181065082550049, 0.03734282776713371, 0.03344276547431946, 0.06893721967935562, -0.024886155501008034, -0.016373127698898315, -0.049664102494716644, 0.012471096590161324, 0.018256893381476402, 0.008121034130454063, -0.01732257567346096, -0.04586862400174141, -0.027745939791202545, 0.003515974385663867, 0.049292463809251785, -0.004255519714206457, 0.06021096557378769, -0.04392688721418381, -0.026269132271409035, -0.0005692325066775084, 0.012403611093759537, -0.03528117761015892, 0.014326193369925022, 0.03518110141158104, 0.018395371735095978, -0.05093061551451683, -0.013103315606713295, 0.0065643880516290665, 0.0013346519554033875, 0.021203000098466873, -0.004096129443496466, -0.02417110465466976, -0.05343875288963318, -0.04545052349567413, 0.0352916345000267, 0.019962510094046593, 0.03328103944659233, -0.05034635215997696, -0.03382842242717743, 0.03281750530004501, 0.02290949784219265, -0.002217512344941497, -0.022319672629237175, -0.024644864723086357, 0.031139785423874855, -0.027199257165193558, -0.09154370427131653, 0.05360686033964157, 0.003890075720846653, 0.03792809322476387, -0.010222758166491985, -0.006563767325133085, -0.0027929842472076416, 0.06081223487854004, -0.08813419938087463, 0.05211752653121948, 0.00941590778529644, 0.004827720113098621, 0.005832810886204243, 0.04941600188612938, -0.014687588438391685, 0.06206899881362915, -0.027529047802090645, 0.00621304614469409, 0.05417995899915695, -0.015004676766693592, 0.020980004221200943, -0.006687304936349392, 0.01907360553741455, -0.006234359461814165, -0.018533790484070778, 0.05249388515949249, 0.01291664782911539 ]
<p>I know it is hard , but can we transfer the charge on a capacitor plate elsewhere? </p>
g4623
[ 0.07163286954164505, 0.0596429817378521, 0.0003783456631936133, -0.02083561383187771, 0.04093484953045845, 0.02540643885731697, -0.03431312367320061, -0.005783340893685818, -0.036919966340065, 0.04726441949605942, -0.07203563302755356, 0.058387961238622665, -0.043043795973062515, 0.0008565642056055367, 0.013558264821767807, -0.023247208446264267, 0.11344614624977112, -0.010039538145065308, 0.031207066029310226, 0.06614279747009277, -0.012892408296465874, -0.0457862913608551, 0.00047918548807501793, -0.056224338710308075, -0.044113606214523315, -0.051216550171375275, -0.022894825786352158, -0.03213505074381828, -0.006514193024486303, -0.03395005688071251, -0.023689888417720795, -0.012001076713204384, 0.004688004031777382, 0.0052473340183496475, -0.03958510607481003, -0.014362693764269352, 0.023778755217790604, -0.028433164581656456, 0.024626852944493294, 0.05240917578339577, -0.03495488688349724, 0.055594734847545624, 0.01819618046283722, 0.04356247931718826, 0.03661898151040077, -0.032224975526332855, -0.017936406657099724, -0.03468874841928482, -0.011345705948770046, -0.040100209414958954, -0.05682381987571716, 0.055860236287117004, 0.017176762223243713, 0.004971184302121401, 0.029969507828354836, -0.0034582463558763266, 0.005405150819569826, -0.006476020906120539, 0.004844184033572674, 0.03468530625104904, -0.019698215648531914, 0.015976347029209137, 0.030776403844356537, 0.0135654266923666, -0.0400359220802784, 0.0037857298739254475, -0.04481058195233345, 0.010379977524280548, -0.010505019687116146, 0.008250594139099121, 0.026401536539196968, -0.014908083714544773, 0.024989906698465347, -0.017765162512660027, 0.00882064551115036, -0.021232571452856064, 0.03589002415537834, -0.03636297211050987, 0.030524229630827904, -0.03131278604269028, -0.0016618025256320834, -0.05093981698155403, 0.0234969649463892, -0.03923714533448219, -0.02681550197303295, -0.00709617231041193, 0.017603697255253792, 0.01776965521275997, -0.06018461287021637, -0.0495961531996727, -0.0008047969895415008, -0.028061723336577415, -0.004794418811798096, -0.0034916033037006855, 0.06205819174647331, -0.040939196944236755, -0.0067758806981146336, -0.004227600526064634, -0.02444453537464142, -0.05101703852415085, -0.0387117974460125, 0.012621024623513222, 0.001413515186868608, 0.06766454875469208, 0.0016433170530945063, 0.047714367508888245, 0.0461169108748436, 0.015250129625201225, 0.05109882727265358, -0.026250071823596954, 0.024491101503372192, -0.04231145977973938, 0.007703493814915419, -0.005828123539686203, -0.010434562340378761, -0.005918205250054598, 0.01760711893439293, -0.012343132868409157, 0.013998928479850292, 0.002385735046118498, 0.038024552166461945, -0.01702353172004223, -0.005690407939255238, 0.042480580508708954, 0.019782431423664093, -0.026355627924203873, 0.036700669676065445, 0.02522960864007473, 0.015182530507445335, 0.02322027087211609, -0.00019415492715779692, -0.036821261048316956, -0.02444794774055481, -0.02027788572013378, 0.024404244497418404, -0.002496046246960759, 0.030685845762491226, -0.018061315640807152, 0.023809103295207024, -0.005322571843862534, 0.052686840295791626, 0.006056154612451792, -0.01906549371778965, 0.04292743653059006, 0.04352667182683945, -0.0032326786313205957, -0.0298368688672781, -0.017767909914255142, 0.012283387593925, -0.02121037431061268, 0.03306487202644348, 0.01065652072429657, 0.01883978210389614, 0.016742922365665436, 0.03377314656972885, -0.04585689306259155, 0.08942055702209473, 0.010880837216973305, 0.07359880208969116, -0.03046475537121296, -0.02629043161869049, 0.024257877841591835, -0.021794680505990982, -0.021208779886364937, 0.002810809528455138, -0.03634147346019745, -0.02771248109638691, 0.005830218084156513, 0.010161705315113068, -0.06496039777994156, 0.06713934987783432, -0.09355904906988144, 0.011506562121212482, -0.02357940934598446, 0.044742126017808914, 0.0322873555123806, -0.059785641729831696, 0.049745697528123856, 0.008620379492640495, -0.008497453294694424, -0.015569665469229221, -0.013271619565784931, 0.0013008355163037777, -0.0668359249830246, 0.007125042844563723, 0.03462498262524605, -0.009540224447846413, -0.006209495011717081, 0.11032883077859879, 0.022769233211874962, -0.008307297714054585, -0.0068171522580087185, 0.03541739284992218, 0.016369957476854324, -0.0027334901969879866, -0.04184841737151146, 0.03826785087585449, -0.03105670027434826, 0.06255580484867096, -0.04091709479689598, 0.023324890062212944, 0.02230885811150074, 0.07029789686203003, -0.012084108777344227, 0.05985094979405403, -0.04103931412100792, 0.015418323688209057, -0.05348322540521622, -0.00043708461453206837, -0.018239494413137436, -0.007601544726639986, -0.011847599409520626, -0.02834778092801571, 0.0018459815764799714, -0.006424717605113983, -0.01537626888602972, -0.015964403748512268, -0.004038230050355196, -0.013335910625755787, 0.03979077935218811, -0.06406020373106003, 0.0038098322693258524, 0.04849075898528099, 0.03417447581887245, -0.007058529648929834, 0.02139219269156456, 0.004428884945809841, -0.0033919087145477533, -0.07934538275003433, -0.009283534251153469, -0.0719015970826149, 0.016699444502592087, 0.017709000036120415, -0.011819267645478249, 0.023691583424806595, 0.05790195241570473, -0.05380933731794357, -0.021397659555077553, -0.09148389846086502, 0.030932573601603508, -0.029398223385214806, -0.05909649282693863, 0.00791930127888918, 0.04122861102223396, -0.06217782571911812, -0.022956635802984238, -0.04904361814260483, -0.006516235414892435, -0.01888250932097435, 0.002809214871376753, 0.04277833551168442, -0.00868984404951334, 0.017542164772748947, 0.01969347894191742, 0.006392286159098148, -0.025181176140904427, -0.015438790433108807, -0.006067708134651184, 0.0036711690481752157, -0.061275169253349304, -0.009007837623357773, -0.04271218180656433, -0.010962607339024544, 0.011747212149202824, -0.02334471233189106, -0.004370641894638538, -0.07446896284818649, 0.03393989056348801, 0.030885392799973488, -0.0030506199691444635, 0.04020281136035919, 0.054161954671144485, 0.008372750133275986, -0.01370676513761282, 0.021075032651424408, -0.06620591133832932, 0.008810930885374546, -0.0411471389234066, 0.009361925534904003, -0.04576306417584419, -0.027385996654629707, -0.006527215242385864, -0.04002204164862633, -0.04940006881952286, -0.025955528020858765, -0.03055691160261631, 0.021436965093016624, -0.014366748742759228, -0.009776869788765907, -0.009387138299643993, -0.01091965101659298, -0.03795545920729637, 0.026263460516929626, -0.0579601414501667, 0.04136355221271515, 0.012041701003909111, 0.1234765350818634, 0.01702960953116417, -0.011011559516191483, 0.027488958090543747, 0.04568726196885109, 0.00030016046366654336, -0.03198070824146271, 0.016093170270323753, 0.05711262300610542, 0.07955792546272278, 0.027476293966174126, 0.015696179121732712, 0.03797426074743271, 0.04044313356280327, 0.00477337883785367, -0.017156636342406273, 0.023105986416339874, 0.03394021838903427, -0.019993120804429054, -0.013057181611657143, -0.01240448746830225, -0.03927389159798622, 0.01693732850253582, -0.0142322713509202, -0.0032470503356307745, -0.0004230971971992403, -0.022987721487879753, 0.09652643650770187, -0.02307782508432865, 0.030918307602405548, -0.07370278239250183, 0.037667255848646164, -0.0058657643385231495, 0.0033179218880832195, 0.01632089912891388, 0.0933602899312973, -0.009855042211711407, -0.053514264523983, -0.013296953402459621, -0.0013310268986970186, 0.020723756402730942, 0.053242117166519165, 0.06459221988916397, -0.0403183251619339, 0.009473953396081924, 0.006212559062987566, -0.030103720724582672, -0.033089444041252136, -0.05484478548169136, 0.010701597668230534, 0.004450769163668156, 0.016446929425001144, -0.013515104539692402, -0.03933289274573326, -0.010882606729865074, -0.0004949074937030673, 0.002304990775883198, 0.024872399866580963, -0.027567001059651375, -0.01693357154726982, -0.0044874330051243305, 0.0003046946076210588, -0.043337080627679825, 0.03081332892179489, 0.03859016299247742, -0.030193492770195007, 0.10190766304731369, 0.019950829446315765, 0.061383605003356934, 0.002248360076919198, -0.08402720093727112, 0.031722649931907654, -0.024291247129440308, -0.04497789591550827, -0.021318474784493446, -0.03332750126719475, 0.014564177952706814, 0.04708997905254364, 0.012321877293288708, -0.05300355330109596, -0.034019552171230316, -0.010693923570215702, -0.013855048455297947, 0.0705651268362999, -0.04085693508386612, -0.048007119446992874, -0.01876462809741497, -0.06583300232887268, 0.0007229040493257344, 0.046521443873643875, -0.01956849731504917, 0.02089184708893299, -0.03346746414899826, 0.017442982643842697, -0.016980674117803574, -0.06411214172840118, 0.00972517766058445, -0.024027641862630844, -0.004314383026212454, -0.020715398713946342, -0.03590242937207222, -0.034378573298454285, 0.0047463043592870235, -0.029692580923438072, 0.03654872253537178, -0.020609041675925255, 0.01902014948427677, -0.024107839912176132, -0.04664873704314232, -0.0026690559461712837, 0.08194174617528915, -0.014165237545967102, -0.006420334335416555, -0.0026153726503252983, -0.01915646530687809, -0.08722738176584244, 0.013018516823649406, 0.019484806805849075, -0.01283098105341196, -0.09404191374778748, 0.0006622099899686873, 0.08430518209934235, 0.03334943577647209, -0.004772939719259739, -0.013648766092956066, 0.006344294175505638, 0.01744956523180008, 0.01908283866941929, 0.02781257964670658, 0.006758277770131826, 0.0036445320583879948, -0.06040314584970474, 0.04714348167181015, 0.03824200481176376, -0.08503296971321106, 0.04789574071764946, -0.009374227374792099, 0.03397178277373314, 0.0033911701757460833, 0.011628500185906887, -0.02032548561692238, -0.019233491271734238, -0.02171759121119976, 0.025004824623465538, 0.0921381264925003, -0.035275887697935104, 0.0016798380529507995, 0.022480012848973274, -0.0008622200693935156, 0.03403162583708763, -0.013220978900790215, 0.011508862487971783, 0.05865176394581795, -0.032708145678043365, -0.05652342736721039, -0.0019206537399441004, -0.04916805773973465, 0.021117735654115677, 0.05083845183253288, 0.04454740881919861, -0.011348020285367966, -0.05625347048044205, -0.033604733645915985, 0.015932153910398483, -0.03137161582708359, 0.03530890867114067, 0.022706475108861923, -0.007332510780543089, 0.022307071834802628, -0.014116729609668255, -0.0575411394238472, -0.0670175775885582, -0.033626243472099304, -0.06798307597637177, 0.005301661789417267, 0.058889687061309814, 0.05418385565280914, 0.009142743423581123, 0.03514547273516655, 0.005041609052568674, 0.0006819404661655426, -0.03582306578755379, -0.07034934312105179, -0.04274210333824158, -0.02015923522412777, 0.020180676132440567, -0.020397335290908813, 0.024444811046123505, -0.06872370094060898, -0.009478000923991203, -0.04705990105867386, 0.03178657591342926, -0.007723265327513218, -0.0617607980966568, -0.03356063738465309, 0.031771235167980194, 0.013502765446901321, 0.019487254321575165, 0.045717209577560425, 0.019497793167829514, 0.0023443244863301516, 0.002272386569529772, -0.03105095773935318, 0.043678976595401764, 0.01170177198946476, 0.02650393173098564, -0.04104126989841461, 0.052002474665641785, -0.000030192468329914846, 0.0031613982282578945, -0.006238438189029694, 0.05882037803530693, -0.026815038174390793, 0.04019984230399132, 0.009791371412575245, 0.017435410991311073, -0.01318938098847866, 0.0002304937515873462, 0.05050087347626686, 0.020785143598914146, -0.015677299350500107, -0.04064808785915375, 0.0005637349677272141, 0.008098682388663292, -0.009066317230463028, 0.041268717497587204, -0.011413819156587124, -0.0034820239525288343, -0.04280594736337662, 0.01921813376247883, -0.0014736891025677323, -0.11010274291038513, -0.0002426290448056534, -0.01451193355023861, 0.019448133185505867, 0.008622410707175732, -0.04919528216123581, 0.007930731400847435, -0.047946613281965256, -0.03272948041558266, -0.0697593167424202, -0.046204205602407455, -0.015045452862977982, 0.004462030716240406, 0.02412364073097706, -0.07534635066986084, 0.007212013937532902, 0.040817759931087494, 0.0214329045265913, 0.05286020040512085, -0.0342991016805172, 0.015253115445375443, -0.007415051106363535, -0.01868399605154991, -0.027111005038022995, -0.0224954541772604, 0.021722843870520592, -0.029180925339460373, 0.04974798858165741, -0.04534126818180084, 0.0007457927567884326, -0.03599565848708153, 0.04655110090970993, -0.017806753516197205, 0.019668951630592346, 0.019720379263162613, 0.003059165785089135, -0.03819265216588974, -0.015114372596144676, -0.013983809389173985, 0.03925607353448868, -0.020663052797317505, 0.054662272334098816, -0.022573236376047134, -0.01404210738837719, -0.06576742231845856, -0.03585268557071686, -0.017488714307546616, -0.01638605259358883, -0.00946449488401413, 0.020327098667621613, 0.14332754909992218, 0.03675493597984314, 0.020893359556794167, -0.04744959622621536, 0.009198689833283424, 0.00846558716148138, 0.015727449208498, 0.0011727724922820926, 0.04443943873047829, 0.07137970626354218, -0.03065595030784607, 0.02314797416329384, -0.006565622054040432, 0.003485881257802248, -0.025166040286421776, 0.08270417153835297, -0.030705725774168968, -0.034771066159009933, 0.02018490433692932, 0.04970027506351471, 0.04838837310671806, 0.03642106056213379, 0.06425849348306656, 0.011538291350007057, -0.014277814887464046, 0.0050297449342906475, -0.041758760809898376, 0.0029857421759516, -0.021118974313139915, 0.017069540917873383, 0.0012200865894556046, 0.010814270935952663, -0.016189685091376305, -0.06479604542255402, -0.016757702454924583, 0.01663399301469326, -0.03657668083906174, 0.04295272007584572, 0.030228767544031143, 0.03024250455200672, 0.021500246599316597, -0.0020076122600585222, 0.06887520849704742, 0.07657492160797119, 0.0423668771982193, -0.00852334126830101, 0.04797107353806496, -0.05538874864578247, -0.018496915698051453, 0.009554645046591759, 0.014441688545048237, 0.01767002046108246, 0.01575944758951664, -0.030858652666211128, 0.0644342377781868, -0.002409294480457902, 0.012140552513301373, 0.00401507830247283, 0.11249641329050064, 0.016487471759319305, -0.04181911423802376, -0.025089122354984283, -0.03323421999812126, -0.01007766742259264, 0.05920642241835594, 0.030761143192648888, 0.015153633430600166, -0.02471337653696537, 0.027537047863006592, 0.03967636451125145, 0.014809058047831059, -0.04235401377081871, 0.06694633513689041, 0.05567140132188797, 0.02161366119980812, -0.05603749677538872, -0.009906195104122162, 0.016317516565322876, -0.0045892721973359585, 0.03050035797059536, 0.05511618033051491, -0.061800435185432434, 0.02235734649002552, 0.0020013803150504827, 0.0007791205425746739, 0.014832938089966774, -0.0289455596357584, 0.016577929258346558, -0.005477113649249077, -0.005115626845508814, -0.019432278349995613, -0.0024110290687531233, -0.09099855273962021, 0.023842722177505493, -0.028682967647910118, -0.05689922720193863, 0.015181589871644974, -0.029170216992497444, -0.004219363443553448, 0.0546996109187603, 0.043683409690856934, -0.0333026647567749, 0.00048612183309160173, 0.023828202858567238, -0.010991531424224377, -0.023888103663921356, 0.02265140786767006, 0.009461074136197567, -0.044779133051633835, -0.021262021735310555, 0.031994808465242386, 0.03459463268518448, 0.02457662858068943, -0.007877616211771965, -0.010014361701905727, 0.035111214965581894, 0.02766985073685646, 0.019477548077702522, 0.0038377821911126375, -0.01145708654075861, -0.03671499341726303, 0.028448108583688736, 0.00990350916981697, 0.025757016614079475, -0.05201210081577301, 0.009510424919426441, -0.03760777413845062, -0.004241233691573143, -0.012111261487007141, -0.029980914667248726, -0.017842872068285942, -0.015710990875959396, -0.014759204350411892, 0.05060682073235512, 0.04770169034600258, -0.047672681510448456, 0.02205643802881241, 0.10862135887145996, 0.019783873111009598, -0.0458323210477829, 0.04158532992005348, -0.0023893755860626698, 0.04382353276014328, -0.00004442162025952712, -0.04691798612475395, -0.013195603154599667, 0.00747380405664444, 0.01500327792018652, 0.01605784334242344, 0.07196979224681854, 0.0005011311150155962, 0.027103303000330925, -0.06294742971658707, -0.009741324000060558, 0.02585052326321602, -0.013801481574773788, -0.01968470588326454, -0.0256295595318079, -0.0051162755116820335, -0.0179880503565073, 0.015302696265280247, 0.022446027025580406, -0.015465540811419487, 0.007150608580559492, -0.03412674367427826, -0.013042595237493515, -0.01262782234698534, -0.031688712537288666, 0.013802590779960155, -0.05317132547497749, 0.03752654790878296, 0.024553505703806877, -0.007162770722061396, -0.015820996835827827, -0.02068527229130268, -0.05404293164610863, -0.028927283361554146, 0.013684161938726902, -0.0555986613035202, -0.034412551671266556, 0.04344191402196884, 0.07490361481904984, 0.0041718254797160625, -0.06244032457470894, 0.0061174603179097176, -0.040580831468105316, -0.02991734817624092, 0.07975934445858002, -0.04955710843205452, -0.017809974029660225, -0.02582043968141079 ]
<p>The usual "proof" entropy is a state property is like that:</p> <p>"Consider a system which undergoes a reversible process from state 1 to state 2 along path A, and let cycle be completed along path B, which is also reversible. Since the cycle is reversible we can write: </p> <p>$$\int_1^2 \delta Q / T + \int_2^1 \delta Q / T = 0 $$</p> <p>Now let cycle be completed along path C, but paths B and C represent arbitrary reversible processes. So $\int_2^1 \delta Q / T $ is the same for all reversible paths between states 2 and 1."</p> <p>My question is, isn't the equation above already assume entropy is a state property? Only if it is a state property it can go around a cycle without changes. How can it be valid to prove entropy is state property if it is already assumed from the beginning?</p>
g4624
[ 0.009015250951051712, -0.0249553844332695, 0.019384892657399178, -0.004227310419082642, 0.010301893576979637, -0.03472987189888954, 0.02625679224729538, 0.04381898045539856, -0.034119706600904465, 0.028513558208942413, -0.0172762218862772, 0.06276868283748627, 0.008374636061489582, -0.043007344007492065, -0.028251096606254578, 0.0015405697049573064, 0.06621543318033218, -0.030780192464590073, 0.0010978421196341515, 0.07219589501619339, 0.02065039984881878, -0.02534528821706772, 0.009023541584610939, -0.0652938112616539, 0.025421489030122757, -0.04595763608813286, 0.019890734925866127, -0.028038766235113144, -0.037385374307632446, 0.0336327999830246, 0.006697135511785746, -0.002992122434079647, 0.06316711753606796, -0.03695157170295715, 0.01597309485077858, -0.04824342951178551, 0.006623805500566959, -0.03440294414758682, 0.02469669096171856, -0.0844012200832367, -0.006342760287225246, 0.0769878625869751, -0.006879017222672701, 0.011746594682335854, 0.03876053914427757, 0.007380180060863495, 0.03283572569489479, 0.03453822061419487, -0.051692042499780655, -0.02214430831372738, -0.0030908759217709303, 0.07726239413022995, 0.02451983094215393, -0.03838431090116501, -0.02546950988471508, 0.036664463579654694, 0.04445275664329529, -0.008982541039586067, 0.04531582444906235, -0.009286858141422272, -0.013853753916919231, 0.006861710920929909, 0.013659664429724216, 0.05683650076389313, -0.007659299299120903, -0.031399548053741455, 0.013237778097391129, 0.020042628049850464, 0.013427892699837685, 0.05490967631340027, -0.025065114721655846, 0.0012959277955815196, -0.013597418554127216, 0.011827148497104645, 0.05896803364157677, -0.01063647773116827, 0.01712110824882984, -0.0073296367190778255, 0.008486231788992882, 0.012752916663885117, -0.07579237967729568, -0.042040858417749405, 0.0418412908911705, 0.01805090717971325, 0.035925932228565216, 0.022856878116726875, 0.029801879078149796, -0.06463342905044556, -0.023852042853832245, 0.037720225751399994, -0.03698026388883591, -0.06023538112640381, -0.012421993538737297, 0.020020511001348495, -0.04149014502763748, -0.010688289068639278, -0.05164610594511032, -0.023777537047863007, -0.021556716412305832, 0.03316669911146164, -0.045531366020441055, -0.06572940945625305, 0.029394526034593582, -0.007527423091232777, -0.034273095428943634, -0.05115599185228348, -0.005560997407883406, -0.03486247733235359, -0.0265386700630188, 0.023216452449560165, 0.02470299042761326, -0.0005370874423533678, -0.02985120192170143, 0.0323038287460804, -0.030381426215171814, 0.05114566907286644, 0.04621715843677521, 0.021225934848189354, 0.01602199487388134, 0.01663990318775177, -0.0030761901289224625, 0.059745095670223236, -0.0215336624532938, 0.06859265267848969, 0.015216726809740067, 0.10318519175052643, -0.00011067442392231897, -0.013970093801617622, 0.0719345286488533, -0.0077184452675282955, 0.024898240342736244, 0.024656258523464203, 0.0000749360115150921, 0.015220674686133862, 0.003131531411781907, -0.015539076179265976, 0.03913169354200363, 0.026139140129089355, 0.00045476810191757977, -0.0056175836361944675, -0.009543989785015583, -0.003376992419362068, 0.010745501145720482, 0.0032000448554754257, 0.02079567313194275, -0.025964606553316116, -0.019222069531679153, -0.061605602502822876, -0.010183103382587433, -0.04927203059196472, -0.0036519181448966265, 0.04138645902276039, -0.02461930923163891, -0.03386444225907326, 0.003098007058724761, 0.0007658838876523077, 0.05350473150610924, -0.0010705385357141495, 0.013621383346617222, 0.01930842362344265, 0.07578331232070923, 0.003356151282787323, 0.06027974188327789, -0.037080589681863785, -0.013244868256151676, 0.019758692011237144, 0.006966664921492338, -0.030909491702914238, -0.0835026353597641, -0.07514374703168869, -0.040311239659786224, 0.014625477604568005, -0.02918863482773304, 0.027340244501829147, -0.008414152078330517, 0.0096130957826972, 0.002492661355063319, 0.0651974231004715, 0.05364161729812622, -0.059145670384168625, -0.019152559340000153, 0.028298674151301384, 0.0584234744310379, -0.0012085436610504985, 0.01051859837025404, 0.02130936272442341, 0.00859738327562809, 0.0067340051755309105, -0.10246214270591736, -0.017434246838092804, 0.013720221817493439, 0.042907796800136566, -0.023710554465651512, 0.02675592713057995, 0.03517243266105652, -0.04286688193678856, -0.0051622455939650536, -0.02620045468211174, -0.005698679946362972, -0.004676028620451689, 0.04960109665989876, 0.05556093156337738, 0.010425344109535217, -0.024755934253335, -0.0300188846886158, 0.07281710207462311, -0.03791235759854317, 0.04240933805704117, 0.007593201007694006, -0.016214706003665924, 0.009332859888672829, -0.043333426117897034, -0.05296001210808754, 0.009337272495031357, 0.02628791518509388, -0.001336852670647204, -0.015520983375608921, -0.009853465482592583, -0.001968806842342019, -0.01329829916357994, -0.0028811278752982616, -0.0005097124958410859, 0.00991302914917469, 0.05919715762138367, -0.045647334307432175, 0.06411345303058624, -0.08967903256416321, -0.022526510059833527, -0.014923863112926483, 0.09212293475866318, 0.005505365319550037, 0.002029725117608905, -0.010570410639047623, -0.02429806813597679, 0.02427797205746174, 0.04765265807509422, 0.0038116162177175283, 0.011168258264660835, 0.030252955853939056, -0.02605537511408329, 0.034753553569316864, -0.030015619471669197, 0.011238296516239643, 0.009581184014678001, 0.07982810586690903, -0.07250716537237167, -0.02002561278641224, -0.026193540543317795, 0.02468782477080822, 0.012441443279385567, 0.026116030290722847, -0.04127858951687813, 0.0045973449014127254, 0.05558180436491966, 0.03188207373023033, -0.06295592337846756, 0.05602094158530235, -0.02371661365032196, 0.009570486843585968, -0.015800107270479202, 0.018805870786309242, -0.01232434343546629, 0.050793975591659546, 0.028957657516002655, -0.07225456833839417, -0.03903517499566078, -0.008149800822138786, -0.04624856263399124, -0.025034567341208458, -0.026424765586853027, 0.01606152579188347, -0.023123037070035934, -0.016813896596431732, 0.037551216781139374, -0.028921684250235558, -0.04861437901854515, 0.000246916722971946, 0.004175957757979631, 0.0039567784406244755, 0.00741342268884182, -0.03396802768111229, -0.011142340488731861, -0.049790043383836746, 0.014571606181561947, 0.014197858981788158, -0.05379413440823555, -0.016685908660292625, 0.002323393477126956, -0.006866565439850092, 0.04164556413888931, 0.002033107914030552, 0.025282206013798714, 0.03225021809339523, -0.010010761208832264, -0.05475239455699921, 0.035691116005182266, -0.01715448684990406, -0.12422270327806473, 0.0025907757226377726, 0.0005234225536696613, -0.02168351225554943, 0.007004953920841217, -0.03637077659368515, -0.005695478059351444, 0.07269151508808136, 0.058122869580984116, -0.04626981541514397, -0.01392439566552639, 0.004514625761657953, 0.028327079489827156, -0.012690650299191475, 0.006713947746902704, -0.05781334638595581, -0.04107482358813286, 0.032977987080812454, 0.029263656586408615, 0.03578346595168114, -0.02403370477259159, 0.04676974564790726, 0.0036386605352163315, 0.020297454670071602, -0.01886240765452385, 0.025127580389380455, 0.08204934746026993, 0.06558685749769211, -0.059399984776973724, -0.03547124192118645, 0.023549379780888557, -0.048126861453056335, -0.003979870583862066, 0.05049905553460121, 0.043596718460321426, 0.011363313533365726, -0.06456014513969421, 0.0027003453578799963, -0.05478506535291672, -0.028011947870254517, -0.009911436587572098, 0.01066220086067915, -0.020576605573296547, -0.016121169552206993, 0.04166574403643608, -0.032126378268003464, 0.04053742438554764, -0.022846920415759087, 0.014759908430278301, -0.020926354452967644, 0.00325285573489964, 0.0058267926797270775, -0.010354932397603989, 0.016966741532087326, -0.014811892993748188, 0.019995547831058502, -0.013268062844872475, -0.04994618892669678, 0.05718585103750229, -0.00012492129462771118, -0.07312782853841782, 0.033249933272600174, 0.008267647586762905, 0.024137744680047035, -0.05495776608586311, -0.010031076148152351, -0.035110101103782654, 0.016278637573122978, 0.036616526544094086, -0.0004770790401380509, 0.027665579691529274, 0.04732956737279892, 0.011701207607984543, 0.01800982654094696, -0.07069558650255203, 0.020833652466535568, -0.02551310323178768, 0.036356840282678604, -0.015932973474264145, 0.03685469925403595, 0.045565228909254074, -0.03426932543516159, 0.05982958525419235, 0.046929728239774704, -0.023512564599514008, 0.031245188787579536, 0.0028504838701337576, -0.017432451248168945, 0.03938223421573639, -0.020697128027677536, 0.03892761841416359, 0.010808013379573822, 0.02726186066865921, 0.031031962484121323, 0.011416025459766388, -0.00243394635617733, -0.04260675609111786, 0.032278068363666534, 0.06452414393424988, 0.025198165327310562, -0.00869598425924778, 0.03862305358052254, -0.0019551250152289867, -0.008216321468353271, -0.014017458073794842, 0.003912805579602718, 0.023670105263590813, -0.008929934352636337, -0.048613082617521286, -0.03992768004536629, -0.0010776154231280088, 0.0037292626220732927, -0.027723010629415512, -0.010017822496592999, 0.0019767447374761105, -0.03638537973165512, 0.004641913343220949, -0.06968415528535843, 0.028702618554234505, -0.002943902276456356, -0.05756020545959473, -0.012113931588828564, -0.002374793868511915, -0.03877146914601326, 0.014226710423827171, 0.01625780388712883, 0.05267562344670296, -0.010737431235611439, 0.08056393265724182, 0.053058162331581116, -0.038713183254003525, -0.038411449640989304, -0.06855598837137222, -0.024442851543426514, 0.055671319365501404, -0.02392699010670185, 0.05752548202872276, -0.03608318045735359, 0.037531763315200806, -0.03902476653456688, 0.012874445877969265, -0.003747370559722185, -0.04467201605439186, 0.020200833678245544, -0.02067270316183567, -0.0003166249953210354, -0.011790897697210312, -0.027584852650761604, 0.005348533857613802, -0.007875061593949795, -0.008237740956246853, -0.01349714770913124, -0.059984590858221054, -0.05964936688542366, 0.015257582999765873, -0.04025939106941223, -0.05949500948190689, -0.029730739071965218, -0.009263841435313225, -0.02990429289638996, 0.04841618984937668, -0.06326714903116226, -0.008491190150380135, 0.029805071651935577, -0.03759351745247841, 0.0701213926076889, -0.007427397649735212, -0.024638395756483078, 0.006742072757333517, -0.03295910730957985, 0.02173653617501259, -0.007898692972958088, 0.005763384513556957, 0.06969409435987473, -0.007937577553093433, -0.014213797636330128, 0.06910617649555206, 0.030611690133810043, -0.05033621937036514, 0.030404718592762947, -0.0063478704541921616, 0.008969518356025219, 0.012632658705115318, -0.01845134049654007, 0.02595442906022072, 0.015618596225976944, 0.08763798326253891, 0.029365649446845055, -0.02881457842886448, 0.0021439616102725267, -0.0023590310011059046, -0.0011868684086948633, -0.027574358507990837, 0.005267212633043528, 0.06954249739646912, 0.055154651403427124, 0.02215229906141758, 0.003842842299491167, -0.04770713299512863, -0.018976647406816483, -0.02347738668322563, 0.005114526953548193, 0.009014387615025043, -0.13008764386177063, 0.036320753395557404, 0.033917561173439026, 0.032148104161024094, -0.018050745129585266, 0.02205299586057663, -0.01994682289659977, 0.01234580297023058, -0.04400772601366043, -0.006461357697844505, 0.0224363561719656, 0.0022712713107466698, -0.04354386031627655, 0.03438530117273331, 0.05057930946350098, -0.04023642838001251, -0.05864780396223068, -0.05234784632921219, -0.024778427556157112, -0.046518027782440186, 0.017257027328014374, 0.001811650930903852, 0.06588096916675568, -0.015467675402760506, -0.027417289093136787, 0.023613216355443, -0.05657753720879555, -0.030417852103710175, 0.00881844200193882, 0.06269901245832443, -0.006964589934796095, -0.014171143993735313, -0.0040285345166921616, -0.01792733371257782, -0.002851408440619707, -0.029248343780636787, -0.019727040082216263, 0.01417918037623167, 0.02547828108072281, 0.00974970031529665, -0.014757129363715649, -0.09828073531389236, -0.009748187847435474, 0.05166884511709213, -0.0855480432510376, -0.041923440992832184, -0.024153631180524826, -0.08438964933156967, -0.05235844850540161, -0.08194838464260101, -0.006954165641218424, 0.00921081006526947, -0.062121130526065826, -0.009348376654088497, -0.022760851308703423, 0.022993747144937515, 0.013696257956326008, 0.020753949880599976, -0.003545519430190325, -0.025739697739481926, 0.08507373183965683, 0.001640624599531293, 0.03922566771507263, 0.005209607072174549, 0.03353681042790413, -0.0761856734752655, 0.023581035435199738, 0.016520405188202858, 0.00969894789159298, 0.06787920743227005, 0.03446391969919205, 0.04493798315525055, -0.003129302291199565, 0.007466545328497887, -0.03680834546685219, 0.0005935852532275021, -0.05255303531885147, -0.04623318836092949, -0.04186655208468437, -0.038726385682821274, -0.05294020101428032, 0.02352912351489067, 0.03496061637997627, -0.042380690574645996, -0.01694631017744541, -0.0005579954013228416, -0.008749939501285553, 0.014742536470293999, 0.03785393759608269, 0.04937108978629112, -0.03389812633395195, -0.027381543070077896, -0.02398952841758728, -0.014015667140483856, -0.013001276180148125, 0.036347609013319016, -0.021668000146746635, 0.02300608716905117, 0.014678596518933773, 0.0012591819977387786, 0.023535938933491707, -0.022480247542262077, 0.022128062322735786, -0.07688089460134506, -0.035341739654541016, 0.043795861303806305, 0.0011786993127316236, 0.017712580040097237, 0.056972384452819824, 0.008765904232859612, 0.011332550086081028, 0.0012073236284777522, 0.06063145771622658, -0.0043386491015553474, -0.01980249583721161, -0.0528634749352932, -0.052601661533117294, 0.05077178403735161, -0.028268516063690186, 0.04228692501783371, -0.007321061100810766, 0.06758914887905121, 0.026084020733833313, 0.03346870467066765, 0.0648556724190712, 0.07015391439199448, -0.03764593228697777, 0.0755663737654686, 0.030332600697875023, 0.06315677613019943, -0.01734277419745922, 0.02993333525955677, -0.03830641135573387, 0.0605139322578907, 0.020478006452322006, -0.018283668905496597, -0.03742144629359245, 0.054121989756822586, 0.05095963552594185, 0.003259959165006876, -0.002756330417469144, -0.007961157709360123, -0.0036502776201814413, 0.006302190478891134, -0.02122262492775917, -0.03617219626903534, 0.028562767431139946, -0.00009590190893504769, -0.03635907173156738, -0.05494115129113197, 0.024391472339630127, 0.023510156199336052, -0.02709379605948925, 0.01287136785686016, 0.001315224333666265, -0.003653367282822728, -0.004946041852235794, 0.005523793864995241, -0.003638673573732376, 0.0028785744216293097, 0.025384383276104927, -0.011090860702097416, 0.04568057134747505, 0.027089985087513924, 0.011555534787476063, 0.035003967583179474, 0.060091305524110794, -0.03690851852297783, 0.0212451983243227, -0.010026752948760986, 0.029545024037361145, -0.06491714715957642, 0.026371203362941742, 0.05627567321062088, -0.04094034433364868, 0.029321888461709023, 0.0240541473031044, 0.0363679900765419, 0.04757770895957947, 0.007163854315876961, 0.016022879630327225, 0.023448701947927475, -0.0038022149819880724, -0.043627187609672546, -0.07729948312044144, 0.02117156609892845, -0.020689789205789566, 0.08573625236749649, -0.028872182592749596, -0.025100626051425934, -0.02313816361129284, 0.030152611434459686, 0.037439942359924316, -0.059001050889492035, 0.0041135577484965324, 0.021907927468419075, 0.0589173249900341, 0.02822083979845047, -0.006190608721226454, -0.06829710304737091, 0.02700898051261902, -0.043517280369997025, 0.006463553290814161, 0.011951309628784657, 0.03396082669496536, -0.028818773105740547, -0.024936163797974586, -0.05101267993450165, -0.03844331577420235, 0.011756561696529388, -0.006924486253410578, -0.04069603607058525, 0.014760861173272133, 0.0010570090962573886, -0.048703309148550034, -0.06453527510166168, -0.045626163482666016, -0.0020324978977441788, 0.008984149433672428, 0.011255940422415733, -0.03835116699337959, -0.03172601759433746, -0.06888464838266373, -0.033743783831596375, -0.018165992572903633, -0.006783695425838232, -0.005788527429103851, -0.008650236763060093, -0.018904240801930428, 0.0005485262954607606, -0.0028232429176568985, 0.06618279218673706, -0.004562287125736475, -0.007712804712355137, -0.04352264851331711, 0.0692937821149826, 0.013907017186284065, -0.04768143594264984, 0.00599309429526329, 0.0046682050451636314, -0.0007626473088748753, -0.007876558229327202, 0.03049628436565399, 0.014787283726036549, -0.002465122612193227, -0.06474824994802475, 0.002101963385939598, -0.003629809943959117, 0.030817991122603416, -0.04901465028524399, 0.017300482839345932, -0.054577991366386414, -0.038962580263614655, -0.03285001963376999, 0.015127526596188545, 0.02600715495646, 0.018842993304133415, 0.02015923522412777, 0.01647832989692688, 0.030372915789484978, 0.00861811637878418, 0.030116260051727295, -0.030042964965105057, 0.012153241783380508, -0.06097422167658806, -0.05021549016237259, -0.03539782017469406, 0.0438932366669178 ]
<p>I was doing some simple harmonic motion problems and I came across this <a href="http://i.imgur.com/W2zi40o.jpg" rel="nofollow">picture</a> describing the position, velocity and acceleration of a linear oscillator. At the moment in time when v is 0 the linear oscillator should not be moving, only changing directions. I'm having a hard time understanding why the acceleration is the greatest at that time (according to these graphs), since there is no velocity change. Is it because acceleration is only the difference in velocity at two different points in time and not one? How exactly does the change in direction affect acceleration?</p> <p>edit: I found another <a href="http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/34178/how-can-an-objects-instantaneous-speed-be-zero-and-its-instantaneous-accelerat?rq=1">question</a> that answered my question. haha.</p>
g152
[ 0.08397728949785233, 0.02253137156367302, -0.007885580882430077, 0.031013213098049164, 0.0914861187338829, -0.00920090451836586, 0.06378966569900513, 0.0681101605296135, -0.07880687713623047, -0.026119060814380646, 0.002364343497902155, 0.017347807064652443, -0.008677867241203785, 0.000370562425814569, 0.0011500500841066241, -0.056845229119062424, 0.06453541666269302, 0.014333132654428482, 0.005690967198461294, 0.0037336864043027163, 0.01654944196343422, -0.010216619819402695, -0.038790151476860046, -0.04350336641073227, 0.04882710054516792, -0.025022784247994423, -0.015134898014366627, -0.07068266719579697, -0.04359230771660805, 0.0028506785165518522, 0.0008736509480513632, -0.018383018672466278, 0.012970905750989914, -0.03311917558312416, -0.018360493704676628, -0.050917770713567734, 0.035809196531772614, -0.02360658533871174, 0.01215226948261261, -0.009251396171748638, 0.019457809627056122, -0.1031329557299614, 0.06570900976657867, -0.026910217478871346, 0.04711771011352539, -0.0023154360242187977, 0.005645835772156715, -0.0023777030874043703, -0.02760416828095913, -0.028070246800780296, -0.03762165084481239, -0.009425409138202667, 0.02218913845717907, 0.010995556600391865, -0.005105368793010712, 0.01825355924665928, 0.012451397255063057, 0.02794518508017063, 0.043932605534791946, 0.023121923208236694, -0.08178222179412842, -0.02702816016972065, 0.037513960152864456, -0.006012077443301678, 0.0020624531898647547, -0.01413385197520256, -0.038732606917619705, -0.014316887594759464, 0.009686852805316448, -0.01684216968715191, 0.023405026644468307, -0.03284436836838722, -0.06284387409687042, -0.03949343040585518, -0.008639625273644924, 0.022755486890673637, -0.0031017607543617487, -0.060263827443122864, 0.017731590196490288, 0.0028104025404900312, -0.05291052907705307, 0.013598000630736351, 0.0005289682885631919, 0.0063227703794837, 0.03298920765519142, 0.019110865890979767, 0.05666952207684517, 0.034617383033037186, -0.010205165483057499, -0.032662127166986465, 0.024260425940155983, -0.015449801459908485, 0.018541598692536354, 0.06209847703576088, -0.055752675980329514, -0.05040748417377472, -0.06696809083223343, 0.1019759327173233, 0.02674388699233532, 0.02261360175907612, -0.03928869962692261, 0.009228425100445747, 0.017125440761446953, 0.030006106942892075, 0.028528545051813126, -0.021582668647170067, 0.05367349833250046, -0.02740464173257351, -0.058810628950595856, -0.05989256501197815, -0.015110568143427372, -0.0530766025185585, -0.006617589388042688, -0.06724890321493149, -0.004420778714120388, -0.021530862897634506, 0.06339063495397568, 0.03201213851571083, 0.023008450865745544, 0.03082938678562641, 0.010350336320698261, 0.0348113588988781, -0.006818901281803846, 0.07013188302516937, 0.0299456138163805, -0.01831902004778385, -0.01860540546476841, 0.00048698074533604085, 0.003874128917232156, -0.0038670056965202093, 0.018644027411937714, 0.03695901110768318, 0.019717922434210777, 0.04201660305261612, -0.04068062826991081, -0.005455381702631712, 0.01272675022482872, 0.015399373136460781, 0.04269386827945709, -0.014906703494489193, 0.03091954067349434, -0.04510748013854027, 0.008226979523897171, 0.0036202683113515377, 0.00452018715441227, -0.00790261011570692, -0.012997557409107685, -0.002803284674882889, 0.05446145310997963, 0.010591883212327957, 0.02950149215757847, 0.037529926747083664, 0.011809906922280788, -0.014563740231096745, 0.004355710931122303, -0.0021464515011757612, 0.04001080244779587, 0.06355653703212738, -0.011134005151689053, -0.01835603266954422, 0.058628153055906296, 0.02421669475734234, 0.04563280940055847, -0.01348764169961214, -0.10424333810806274, 0.007581897545605898, -0.010516561567783356, -0.013406194746494293, 0.0014813820598646998, 0.05636902153491974, -0.014397275634109974, -0.03415919095277786, -0.010820199735462666, 0.05170087516307831, -0.007550442591309547, 0.0037840744480490685, 0.0448896586894989, -0.02725992165505886, 0.010981820523738861, -0.0012166419764980674, 0.012922055087983608, -0.040393438190221786, -0.024082627147436142, -0.08676561713218689, -0.009361890144646168, -0.022605672478675842, -0.017970271408557892, 0.05582788214087486, -0.09915437549352646, 0.007880045101046562, 0.0017809447599574924, -0.06628607213497162, -0.015124212019145489, -0.006631503347307444, -0.09927665442228317, 0.028623096644878387, -0.01986403577029705, -0.055196426808834076, -0.07099336385726929, 0.03347374498844147, -0.005541129969060421, 0.014666776172816753, 0.03773054853081703, 0.017037440091371536, -0.005027927923947573, -0.025477616116404533, -0.010631080716848373, -0.02077299728989601, -0.015828879550099373, 0.024712976068258286, 0.038827084004879, 0.038272738456726074, 0.02677624672651291, 0.023104991763830185, 0.028113478794693947, -0.0014902768889442086, 0.012586724013090134, -0.027622612193226814, 0.01989302970468998, 0.002167688449844718, -0.00026304982020519674, -0.044985294342041016, 0.03742699697613716, -0.010616972111165524, -0.04871479794383049, -0.06024130806326866, 0.03985501453280449, -0.09189491719007492, -0.014556498266756535, 0.06615347415208817, -0.07409626990556717, 0.016339953988790512, 0.0011606189655140042, 0.01210496574640274, 0.0299406535923481, -0.01849447935819626, -0.014420047402381897, 0.017115598544478416, 0.03290311247110367, 0.008813719265162945, 0.03759431466460228, -0.017272915691137314, -0.05194741114974022, -0.021871883422136307, 0.03937888890504837, -0.07978484034538269, 0.07768503576517105, -0.023063909262418747, -0.0014804044039919972, 0.0045713018625974655, 0.024020962417125702, -0.01193268597126007, -0.0003529029490891844, 0.01037065964192152, -0.000845282687805593, -0.01191727351397276, 0.00007190815085778013, 0.018013490363955498, -0.04550888016819954, -0.024373207241296768, 0.003688778495416045, 0.009088881313800812, 0.04388341307640076, 0.022035960108041763, -0.018670015037059784, -0.01843407191336155, 0.007078790105879307, -0.0007105491240508854, -0.021064886823296547, -0.042165473103523254, -0.05612734705209732, 0.06385501474142075, -0.0038074839394539595, 0.08434338122606277, -0.04830586537718773, 0.010251699946820736, 0.012459078803658485, -0.006047332659363747, 0.009640710428357124, 0.010565592907369137, -0.010438663884997368, -0.021132513880729675, -0.040775932371616364, 0.007734575774520636, 0.036296546459198, -0.013814626261591911, 0.047944407910108566, 0.002326542278751731, -0.02539505623281002, -0.04934641718864441, -0.09274308383464813, 0.03419683128595352, 0.06306441128253937, -0.03915519639849663, -0.007436561863869429, 0.025752335786819458, 0.002185339108109474, -0.023672623559832573, 0.008759444579482079, 0.0038819056935608387, 0.04942290857434273, 0.01612965203821659, 0.008016630075871944, 0.041612446308135986, 0.04325677454471588, 0.009717844426631927, -0.02507023513317108, -0.04963494464755058, -0.05998638644814491, 0.05100790038704872, 0.03543519228696823, 0.039839889854192734, -0.023662304505705833, -0.0195769052952528, 0.008433806709945202, -0.019972121343016624, -0.0664934292435646, 0.011455458588898182, -0.007873628288507462, 0.030575517565011978, -0.06660342961549759, -0.09374605864286423, -0.012547609396278858, 0.02703404426574707, 0.015345430001616478, 0.033545203506946564, 0.036983758211135864, 0.006560376845300198, -0.026459509506821632, 0.003279157215729356, -0.005398475099354982, 0.03819543123245239, 0.03728464990854263, -0.014671720564365387, -0.0022807035129517317, -0.05679294466972351, -0.01941322721540928, 0.004925349727272987, 0.04591193050146103, 0.029418135061860085, -0.00769005948677659, -0.025096647441387177, -0.06555740535259247, 0.02625328116118908, 0.022544629871845245, 0.002085774904116988, 0.03676812723278999, 0.0003820745332632214, -0.0022431048564612865, -0.017739471048116684, 0.04685428366065025, -0.018388858065009117, -0.03175951912999153, -0.008577938191592693, -0.034646280109882355, -0.01578625477850437, 0.03297321870923042, 0.04809703677892685, -0.05621025338768959, 0.022367969155311584, -0.030623525381088257, -0.03371138498187065, 0.001078818691894412, 0.06475453078746796, 0.03024587221443653, 0.026127060875296593, -0.02872025966644287, 0.041302140802145004, -0.01827172376215458, 0.0023299935273826122, 0.013355078175663948, -0.037352364510297775, 0.005037965718656778, -0.031665291637182236, 0.008890069089829922, -0.03892029449343681, -0.01944919303059578, 0.022540824487805367, -0.009597297757863998, 0.05031827092170715, 0.064519502222538, -0.01297167968004942, 0.01220034435391426, -0.012482688762247562, 0.008790708146989346, -0.0032289791852235794, -0.054215528070926666, -0.017108777537941933, 0.0003418021078687161, -0.07021640241146088, 0.09344615787267685, 0.031957581639289856, 0.01430991105735302, -0.030650848522782326, -0.00714647863060236, 0.01705244556069374, -0.005913214758038521, 0.026450416073203087, -0.043060120195150375, 0.035894908010959625, -0.0583965964615345, 0.0032431120052933693, -0.04036468639969826, -0.022609170526266098, 0.003648532321676612, 0.051527660340070724, 0.050141386687755585, 0.00721321813762188, -0.02066567726433277, -0.028078973293304443, -0.017083274200558662, 0.006920325104147196, -0.03743447735905647, -0.028970425948500633, -0.01270981039851904, 0.024531899020075798, 0.01641903817653656, 0.031380102038383484, -0.0039025312289595604, 0.01648876816034317, 0.04791830852627754, 0.03201492503285408, -0.019202139228582382, -0.04930918663740158, 0.0039691501297056675, 0.0656333938241005, 0.06929267942905426, -0.015413749031722546, 0.0387822762131691, -0.013157357461750507, 0.0037169400602579117, 0.019454902037978172, 0.03391474857926369, 0.02352621592581272, 0.016918331384658813, 0.07036612182855606, 0.013659816235303879, 0.08537786453962326, 0.026736192405223846, 0.01298239454627037, 0.07177482545375824, 0.04244613274931908, 0.03426261246204376, 0.012155513279139996, -0.01744963973760605, 0.06519635766744614, -0.00681632524356246, -0.054985541850328445, 0.03555050492286682, -0.06937828660011292, -0.009447792544960976, 0.08115164190530777, -0.0030127381905913353, -0.004286697134375572, -0.006047168746590614, -0.026207180693745613, 0.0018845914164558053, -0.025882620364427567, -0.019690724089741707, 0.05004361271858215, -0.043421097099781036, -0.03837618604302406, -0.012300984933972359, 0.011538754217326641, 0.022755147889256477, 0.009071442298591137, -0.05979469045996666, -0.03432909771800041, -0.04783022776246071, -0.016490446403622627, 0.026066185906529427, 0.010019143112003803, -0.03563603386282921, 0.05582498386502266, 0.06806948781013489, -0.0044454713352024555, 0.007331539876759052, -0.0034984152298420668, -0.013164023868739605, -0.05616108328104019, -0.07598525285720825, -0.050407856702804565, 0.0812499076128006, -0.0014261082978919148, 0.033669110387563705, 0.00773816742002964, -0.0662437379360199, -0.033471908420324326, 0.037576980888843536, -0.02211545966565609, 0.009203608147799969, -0.00016187099390663207, -0.008273604325950146, -0.03907400742173195, 0.04191109538078308, -0.01397901214659214, 0.007050609216094017, 0.0002582462620921433, -0.04444918781518936, -0.04690771549940109, -0.08958137035369873, 0.033197492361068726, -0.022287368774414062, -0.04989398270845413, -0.038606613874435425, 0.07541940361261368, 0.047951605170965195, -0.04282759130001068, -0.018056834116578102, 0.017270024865865707, -0.01070744264870882, 0.08357890695333481, 0.011093156412243843, 0.0007560835801996291, 0.02766764536499977, -0.06850852072238922, 0.001217035809531808, -0.03037402778863907, 0.004782917443662882, 0.006073182914406061, 0.027890237048268318, -0.0012250789441168308, 0.015326308086514473, -0.05391698703169823, 0.046538304537534714, 0.044954173266887665, -0.029230425134301186, -0.0013540565269067883, 0.0006850080681033432, 0.05246874317526817, -0.015491914935410023, 0.005890409927815199, 0.02272672764956951, -0.03634980320930481, -0.03463044390082359, 0.023111069574952126, 0.028730902820825577, -0.04492096230387688, 0.00444897823035717, 0.0008582823211327195, -0.09204919636249542, -0.028174690902233124, -0.01573624275624752, 0.04449132829904556, -0.06543496251106262, 0.0027910752687603235, -0.0849974974989891, 0.014535467140376568, -0.007848517037928104, -0.03528148680925369, -0.04393131658434868, 0.007034634239971638, 0.030225470662117004, 0.02731373719871044, -0.05645226687192917, 0.03209760785102844, -0.0018957307329401374, 0.007721861358731985, -0.027591368183493614, -0.0677768811583519, 0.1134234368801117, 0.04863610491156578, 0.03334102779626846, -0.0019890237599611282, 0.06528423726558685, -0.01604899950325489, 0.0512223020195961, -0.0104768555611372, 0.08601044118404388, 0.004266188479959965, -0.003803356783464551, 0.008418703451752663, -0.016194121912121773, 0.056711457669734955, -0.010470939800143242, 0.00999779999256134, -0.03827390819787979, -0.04485051706433296, -0.10855484008789062, 0.024450143799185753, -0.01006057858467102, 0.01277914084494114, 0.016670972108840942, -0.06422404199838638, 0.0013955269241705537, 0.01588750071823597, -0.028589816763997078, -0.00729537894949317, 0.09707412123680115, 0.023814262822270393, -0.06193729490041733, 0.00444424943998456, 0.027165964245796204, -0.08224540203809738, -0.0524202436208725, -0.05122251808643341, -0.02774135395884514, -0.0029442950617522, 0.0017104946309700608, 0.023330988362431526, -0.012211324647068977, 0.0008136138203553855, -0.005132054444402456, 0.03678811714053154, 0.020697729662060738, 0.01782805845141411, -0.0006954586715437472, 0.0029746275395154953, 0.05276951938867569, -0.02735843136906624, -0.07507983595132828, 0.031138084828853607, 0.03638308867812157, 0.03509438782930374, 0.02751413732767105, 0.01789798028767109, 0.004880037624388933, -0.020633796229958534, -0.002350755035877228, -0.027923334389925003, 0.02126026339828968, -0.00592156033962965, -0.020304087549448013, 0.04610235244035721, 0.010983359068632126, 0.024578437209129333, -0.05420864000916481, -0.003623777301982045, 0.06276730448007584, 0.00014867780555505306, 0.023877248167991638, 0.008631408214569092, -0.020005622878670692, 0.06286068260669708, 0.01776942051947117, -0.008876364678144455, -0.019273322075605392, 0.03076561912894249, 0.0034545192029327154, -0.011096995323896408, 0.043579619377851486, 0.025342248380184174, -0.020851237699389458, -0.007774678990244865, -0.027717815712094307, 0.04505228251218796, 0.012689645402133465, -0.004721985664218664, -0.08755330741405487, -0.029295077547430992, -0.003075050190091133, -0.03294806554913521, 0.010711361654102802, 0.03769978508353233, 0.0035930685698986053, 0.010546771809458733, -0.007006981410086155, 0.02152801863849163, 0.010757464915513992, -0.022862015292048454, -0.06077989563345909, -0.008851900696754456, 0.01657797209918499, 0.037420108914375305, -0.003453228622674942, 0.0031781375873833895, 0.011434542015194893, -0.01371617242693901, -0.0016994884936138988, -0.006068739574402571, 0.022334381937980652, -0.01685812510550022, 0.03412226587533951, -0.023341087624430656, 0.047743041068315506, 0.04937373101711273, -0.03358696401119232, 0.009066210128366947, -0.01883595436811447, -0.006763200741261244, -0.011503375135362148, 0.030559640377759933, 0.016085699200630188, -0.03136853873729706, 0.011019916273653507, 0.044291749596595764, -0.05899953469634056, 0.025620007887482643, -0.020531926304101944, -0.06388915330171585, -0.0033788022119551897, 0.019708679988980293, -0.012266740202903748, -0.01783326268196106, -0.036093197762966156, 0.02358189970254898, -0.03927406668663025, 0.050674110651016235, -0.029549967497587204, -0.0020567041356116533, 0.04037168622016907, -0.055181849747896194, 0.0009067390346899629, 0.03842543438076973, 0.008530317805707455, -0.008050845935940742, 0.03320392593741417, -0.03645090386271477, -0.009352600201964378, 0.04006557911634445, -0.005091287195682526, 0.019135303795337677, 0.020092366263270378, -0.028335772454738617, 0.03905072435736656, 0.02886461280286312, 0.008592058904469013, 0.028610214591026306, -0.0026179805863648653, -0.003940341528505087, 0.0015258309431374073, 0.008248280733823776, 0.04105398803949356, -0.09247616678476334, 0.005192005541175604, 0.018015999346971512, -0.023212576285004616, 0.009309723041951656, 0.004981315229088068, -0.054423850029706955, 0.017795320600271225, -0.009572964161634445, 0.01993556320667267, 0.04669366776943207, -0.10167428106069565, 0.010112480260431767, -0.005344534758478403, 0.026768477633595467, -0.013417303562164307, 0.02005399949848652, -0.03373297303915024, -0.04289337247610092, -0.041468296200037, 0.03628941625356674, -0.003440050408244133, -0.015385200269520283, 0.009062298573553562, 0.05037133768200874, 0.05696132406592369, -0.05934491381049156, -0.007577904965728521, 0.01545808371156454, -0.0894852802157402, -0.005428320728242397, -0.0258376095443964, -0.0007829805836081505, -0.02213129587471485, -0.015882667154073715, 0.026296379044651985, -0.0019348259083926678, 0.006155814975500107, 0.04034273326396942, 0.011810561642050743, -0.013658985495567322, 0.031136563047766685, -0.014221775345504284, -0.04854339733719826, 0.005670599173754454 ]
<p>Isn't speed a relative thing in space? If so, why would the speed of a propellant matter? Why can't a space ship accelerate infinitely?</p>
g4625
[ 0.04364602640271187, 0.06759954243898392, 0.008185630664229393, 0.02038424089550972, 0.03341049700975418, 0.02606971189379692, -0.00014999430277384818, 0.05193008854985237, -0.06758448481559753, -0.07910588383674622, 0.06712837517261505, 0.012140163220465183, 0.047140758484601974, 0.03715848922729492, 0.032142020761966705, -0.006137157324701548, 0.08411478996276855, -0.03335460647940636, 0.009973517619073391, 0.052145883440971375, 0.006049807649105787, -0.045632172375917435, -0.011629902757704258, -0.02884036675095558, 0.0030631942208856344, 0.02440568059682846, -0.011529332958161831, -0.10494481772184372, 0.000700140546541661, -0.0017925120191648602, -0.01880870945751667, -0.02539151906967163, -0.04011622071266174, -0.06669715791940689, -0.041733384132385254, -0.07356403023004532, -0.04009251296520233, -0.009535614401102066, 0.0553402379155159, -0.01301397755742073, -0.019015582278370857, -0.01621546596288681, -0.013907077722251415, -0.002799086272716522, -0.012842915020883083, 0.036684799939394, 0.013767323456704617, -0.020500482991337776, -0.0031528729014098644, 0.006603678688406944, -0.03654249757528305, 0.0029919331427663565, -0.031521253287792206, -0.007054867688566446, -0.021697914227843285, -0.017104003578424454, 0.0169784314930439, -0.004265818744897842, 0.035162363201379776, 0.02157597243785858, -0.026891818270087242, -0.029678041115403175, 0.03862837702035904, 0.023694928735494614, 0.03686099126935005, -0.053120434284210205, -0.00003074104097322561, 0.018607622012495995, 0.016714846715331078, 0.04984789714217186, 0.049327436834573746, -0.02252376638352871, -0.07528634369373322, -0.05251944810152054, -0.03327326476573944, -0.03458412364125252, -0.024349557235836983, 0.013604188337922096, -0.04286956414580345, 0.004272611811757088, 0.013268756680190563, 0.011633098125457764, 0.04184309020638466, 0.0029352072160691023, -0.013771489262580872, -0.020712973549962044, -0.0005346337566152215, -0.04897725582122803, -0.012441310100257397, 0.0065960753709077835, 0.0023375386372208595, 0.030392000451683998, 0.05275353044271469, 0.050470124930143356, -0.023505935445427895, 0.0024552601389586926, -0.009869496338069439, 0.04162565991282463, -0.016827493906021118, 0.0011571628274396062, -0.047969624400138855, -0.0186470914632082, 0.04598160460591316, 0.013605375774204731, 0.020303785800933838, -0.024516956880688667, 0.09428740292787552, 0.024855371564626694, 0.046938180923461914, -0.10876245051622391, 0.003620781935751438, -0.06889815628528595, 0.0029799677431583405, -0.03902935981750488, 0.017778944224119186, -0.023780664429068565, 0.026310497894883156, -0.037461262196302414, -0.0032199614215642214, 0.04209771379828453, 0.02370922639966011, -0.01734822243452072, -0.057833682745695114, 0.055364806205034256, -0.015207226388156414, -0.0003333926433697343, 0.027679823338985443, -0.025075793266296387, -0.033478569239377975, -0.01159338653087616, -0.03424089401960373, 0.021193597465753555, -0.021899864077568054, -0.0009403461590409279, -0.02636982686817646, -0.04203279688954353, -0.06875266134738922, -0.007248410955071449, -0.015500180423259735, 0.023695681244134903, -0.03333593159914017, -0.022515183314681053, 0.0014041848480701447, 0.03889225423336029, -0.05230123549699783, 0.006019567139446735, -0.029238523915410042, 0.03926162049174309, 0.02412215806543827, -0.007337000221014023, 0.007682734169065952, 0.07251477986574173, 0.01930580846965313, 0.015702372416853905, 0.020225748419761658, 0.013816198334097862, 0.05645604431629181, 0.01574847474694252, 0.0014298268361017108, 0.013360866345465183, 0.07531393319368362, 0.06107424199581146, -0.04510195553302765, -0.025348160415887833, -0.08502956479787827, 0.0518476776778698, 0.004055842757225037, -0.0043676672503352165, -0.03543677181005478, -0.00000709243249730207, -0.03945864737033844, -0.046848345547914505, 0.015131840482354164, 0.01681152544915676, 0.007352182175964117, -0.050342243164777756, 0.07345238327980042, 0.029810775071382523, -0.008386989124119282, 0.0011412319727241993, -0.037050534039735794, -0.028058694675564766, 0.003378248307853937, -0.03135434910655022, -0.018297461792826653, 0.04808022826910019, -0.02242370881140232, 0.02466033399105072, -0.0797371044754982, 0.06593934446573257, -0.003073335625231266, -0.03344043344259262, 0.00915896613150835, 0.06012481451034546, 0.0035887560807168484, -0.024131469428539276, -0.024847744032740593, -0.044438835233449936, -0.05010441690683365, 0.0106638940051198, -0.009860404767096043, 0.04003636911511421, -0.006006993819028139, 0.015337014570832253, 0.028517495840787888, -0.032541945576667786, -0.054644837975502014, -0.004940260201692581, 0.04181322827935219, -0.0264188963919878, 0.08080822974443436, 0.006519930437207222, 0.0018505174666643143, 0.050122566521167755, 0.06984005123376846, -0.06671874970197678, -0.08119915425777435, 0.03296959400177002, 0.028923317790031433, -0.024396225810050964, -0.017032401636242867, -0.044848911464214325, 0.053291790187358856, -0.052391499280929565, -0.04099484533071518, -0.041690416634082794, 0.006379233207553625, -0.018408862873911858, 0.03546762466430664, 0.042184703052043915, -0.018803007900714874, -0.009992701932787895, -0.005132168065756559, 0.009092865511775017, -0.004686060827225447, -0.003393544815480709, 0.05183319374918938, 0.02798994444310665, -0.02597370557487011, 0.07785741239786148, 0.03446299955248833, -0.052694257348775864, -0.03244290128350258, 0.01276607345789671, 0.05116662383079529, -0.05826178193092346, 0.010297195054590702, -0.04257066920399666, -0.005765620619058609, -0.013355940580368042, 0.0008589010103605688, 0.025525160133838654, -0.017232904210686684, -0.019390564411878586, 0.010702705942094326, -0.004956752527505159, -0.05304909124970436, 0.030309338122606277, -0.06270336359739304, -0.000056894779845606536, -0.010385614819824696, 0.034427840262651443, 0.0205567367374897, -0.0039335996843874454, -0.0008530126651749015, 0.03591393679380417, -0.04596492648124695, 0.00004421893390826881, -0.007107321638613939, -0.016175970435142517, -0.02177407406270504, 0.006880049593746662, -0.005472654942423105, 0.02732648327946663, -0.04227224737405777, 0.05490602180361748, 0.01771620474755764, -0.04415636137127876, 0.02735603228211403, 0.05683336406946182, -0.014380200766026974, -0.027442172169685364, -0.014308572746813297, 0.026960385963320732, -0.002010588999837637, -0.0400468148291111, 0.03525840491056442, 0.021625299006700516, 0.03015172854065895, -0.04464023560285568, 0.0008840030059218407, -0.006118602119386196, -0.0018122262554243207, -0.005676147527992725, 0.06661724299192429, 0.037051159888505936, 0.020041145384311676, 0.01548520103096962, -0.034638240933418274, -0.05136913061141968, 0.07301478832960129, -0.0039047161117196083, 0.03794734179973602, 0.036539673805236816, 0.00754174217581749, 0.026949001476168633, -0.06387925148010254, -0.011381296440958977, -0.0442243292927742, 0.030919935554265976, 0.011379463598132133, 0.06470528244972229, -0.020368613302707672, 0.06405366212129593, -0.03287608548998833, 0.019107794389128685, 0.015867535024881363, 0.0003580646007321775, -0.016731154173612595, -0.03564169257879257, -0.028220780193805695, -0.0513843335211277, -0.01254025474190712, -0.01934758946299553, 0.0018451869254931808, 0.012956897728145123, -0.045189738273620605, -0.029979979619383812, 0.023946380242705345, 0.02183184213936329, -0.008701283484697342, 0.01038957480341196, 0.008739873766899109, -0.047174952924251556, -0.03862227499485016, 0.017294833436608315, 0.010254612192511559, 0.08167935907840729, -0.013853002339601517, 0.07381008565425873, -0.015276994556188583, 0.033120449632406235, -0.010496249422430992, 0.06644650548696518, -0.02025197632610798, 0.07087688148021698, 0.06053757295012474, 0.01739923655986786, -0.00898360088467598, 0.010298574343323708, 0.07577116787433624, -0.041643209755420685, 0.013395464979112148, 0.0029321962501853704, -0.03609570115804672, 0.035396724939346313, 0.020534636452794075, -0.013654083013534546, -0.009341398254036903, -0.039044369012117386, -0.01379635650664568, 0.06141209602355957, -0.013428802601993084, 0.026286985725164413, -0.0005550332716666162, 0.06054721772670746, 0.004624560009688139, -0.016009025275707245, -0.0003246711567044258, -0.020422130823135376, -0.0009464499307796359, -0.0352117121219635, -0.033066775649785995, -0.015966616570949554, 0.08709778636693954, -0.015278820879757404, 0.03363613784313202, 0.010057847015559673, -0.017582029104232788, -0.026179205626249313, 0.08063473552465439, 0.005665802396833897, -0.022797510027885437, -0.010994385927915573, 0.01597878336906433, 0.04443557187914848, -0.052239853888750076, -0.003969128709286451, -0.030011354014277458, -0.04366695508360863, 0.04759388044476509, -0.015244293957948685, -0.03639689460396767, -0.01909494213759899, 0.03216322511434555, -0.00332647911272943, -0.0206949170678854, -0.014064702205359936, 0.01667410135269165, -0.0043007307685911655, -0.044141050428152084, 0.0036285934038460255, -0.043384093791246414, -0.0011871937895193696, -0.023833053186535835, 0.011330409906804562, -0.002546790987253189, -0.0180337093770504, -0.05980126932263374, -0.0010966206900775433, 0.011044153943657875, 0.0440063551068306, -0.02895566262304783, -0.02514711581170559, -0.03620333969593048, 0.01759410835802555, 0.019135620445013046, 0.000559368112590164, 0.023916080594062805, -0.0027746877167373896, 0.042215052992105484, 0.025927413254976273, 0.02182740904390812, -0.03261592611670494, 0.0584368072450161, 0.03061593323945999, 0.04730760306119919, 0.04193180799484253, 0.028901232406497, 0.0003234066825825721, 0.006392242386937141, 0.0523664727807045, 0.05815654247999191, 0.09168542921543121, -0.029919423162937164, 0.05063123628497124, 0.0065534100867807865, 0.08574612438678741, 0.0458066463470459, 0.04442809894680977, 0.04762912541627884, 0.0019346141489222646, 0.06832204014062881, 0.013082040473818779, -0.017943598330020905, 0.049185480922460556, -0.015631796792149544, -0.04793984815478325, -0.06149458885192871, -0.010142560116946697, -0.045050717890262604, -0.04529186338186264, -0.0409131683409214, -0.027816956862807274, 0.0018021868309006095, 0.026007868349552155, -0.025439469143748283, -0.014065283350646496, 0.04801582172513008, 0.058378010988235474, -0.052040547132492065, 0.009050046093761921, 0.03534426540136337, 0.006659310776740313, 0.018997976556420326, 0.04717501252889633, 0.001868166378699243, -0.03708898276090622, -0.046285200864076614, 0.022424817085266113, 0.023768693208694458, -0.014234707690775394, -0.008343222551047802, 0.05723792687058449, -0.008736745454370975, -0.024568146094679832, 0.028854187577962875, -0.06740590929985046, -0.04613145813345909, -0.01422012411057949, -0.07496379315853119, -0.068462073802948, 0.03314812853932381, -0.003069851081818342, 0.008185544982552528, 0.046952877193689346, -0.0648333802819252, 0.04279732331633568, -0.03407185524702072, -0.043133024126291275, 0.0026322598569095135, -0.004625158384442329, -0.039086051285266876, -0.02160942368209362, -0.021618548780679703, 0.033206526190042496, 0.025910472497344017, -0.012858239002525806, -0.01258840598165989, 0.007286212407052517, -0.04418720677495003, -0.008381335064768791, 0.018601253628730774, -0.021884145215153694, -0.05653063952922821, 0.009555325843393803, 0.03374927490949631, -0.004846011754125357, -0.05349961668252945, -0.0086453752592206, -0.0503610298037529, 0.04452397674322128, 0.0010335756232962012, 0.03763173893094063, 0.02836478501558304, -0.044106435030698776, 0.041356105357408524, -0.06169363483786583, 0.03658771887421608, -0.004359492100775242, 0.041169166564941406, -0.032768893986940384, 0.005570678971707821, 0.05444711446762085, 0.014745067805051804, 0.06919967383146286, -0.04534956440329552, -0.0647948607802391, -0.024079710245132446, 0.05749101936817169, 0.05599255859851837, 0.016022194176912308, 0.0005757072940468788, -0.041818391531705856, -0.06862681359052658, 0.01041367743164301, 0.022895772010087967, 0.007184709422290325, 0.010427450761198997, -0.033654890954494476, -0.08565659821033478, -0.0123308589681983, -0.008663533255457878, 0.056017715483903885, 0.009464297443628311, 0.0038908831775188446, -0.046368230134248734, -0.05235575512051582, -0.027611207216978073, -0.07224319875240326, -0.056912779808044434, 0.0000012771813544532051, 0.0439300611615181, -0.037240080535411835, 0.010051279328763485, 0.06451665610074997, 0.005832785740494728, 0.005107529927045107, -0.016433903947472572, -0.04226858913898468, -0.029846452176570892, 0.02262314409017563, 0.03009229525923729, 0.04343383386731148, -0.0038840181659907103, -0.050577934831380844, -0.01729290932416916, -0.029421191662549973, -0.0018417806131765246, -0.030280930921435356, -0.056663885712623596, 0.028142662718892097, -0.029729854315519333, 0.03112255036830902, 0.051119476556777954, -0.04530949518084526, -0.06442905962467194, -0.0172897856682539, -0.0756583958864212, -0.023570997640490532, 0.045282360166311264, -0.03737408295273781, 0.005259730853140354, -0.015107407234609127, 0.002698850352317095, -0.017276622354984283, 0.04644743725657463, 0.0018890119390562177, 0.07640466094017029, 0.005625538993626833, 0.019950365647673607, -0.03147970885038376, 0.0059156580828130245, -0.0380718931555748, -0.031840499490499496, 0.02387077920138836, -0.0660226121544838, 0.04136580973863602, -0.00025161527446471155, 0.02202446572482586, 0.03454876318573952, 0.025553029030561447, 0.05582817271351814, 0.03890642896294594, -0.0033041404094547033, -0.001780094113200903, -0.02600649558007717, 0.010526236146688461, 0.0493716299533844, 0.05646693706512451, 0.005596074741333723, 0.03414589911699295, -0.0063046906143426895, -0.04484159126877785, -0.022360417991876602, 0.000018564667698228732, -0.03306451439857483, -0.01990364119410515, -0.028284037485718727, 0.01996329054236412, 0.07604409754276276, -0.03996250778436661, -0.032678257673978806, -0.0030092198867350817, 0.07910527288913727, -0.013127090409398079, -0.03528974950313568, 0.04378369450569153, 0.02419062703847885, -0.03385497257113457, -0.0012504925252869725, -0.0004437270399648696, -0.030139798298478127, 0.04188837856054306, 0.004697284661233425, -0.011074215173721313, 0.005771435331553221, -0.0011322895297780633, -0.007776009850203991, -0.006326042581349611, 0.038792964071035385, -0.01708928681910038, -0.03822117671370506, 0.06849513947963715, -0.007253897842019796, -0.010923233814537525, 0.035243529826402664, -0.08305154740810394, 0.009492022916674614, -0.05295339599251747, 0.0017044480191543698, -0.08502434939146042, -0.048083748668432236, 0.015032695606350899, 0.010542983189225197, 0.022604316473007202, 0.007268456742167473, 0.0019017598824575543, 0.053072866052389145, -0.020403839647769928, -0.011604038998484612, -0.005583254620432854, 0.023822136223316193, 0.028839459642767906, 0.020772289484739304, 0.014682894572615623, -0.01383891049772501, -0.015601275488734245, 0.04697804898023605, 0.04217570275068283, 0.03481864556670189, 0.011104453355073929, 0.009973155334591866, 0.012278485111892223, 0.07543980330228806, 0.03560508042573929, -0.007120420690625906, -0.05740811675786972, 0.07635818421840668, 0.02960434928536415, 0.03102959506213665, 0.011299296282231808, 0.0007775473641231656, 0.0775742456316948, 0.006303338799625635, 0.005765609443187714, -0.05027476325631142, -0.0662882998585701, 0.01975744590163231, -0.05982835963368416, -0.009097418747842312, 0.01767285168170929, 0.02787247858941555, 0.01445796899497509, 0.013755022548139095, 0.013676143251359463, 0.00635963398963213, 0.045545950531959534, -0.045037198811769485, -0.030251983553171158, 0.03125355392694473, -0.0029604516457766294, 0.040615785866975784, 0.0003977123706135899, -0.000565253256354481, 0.0170939601957798, -0.013775893487036228, 0.016638651490211487, -0.008937520906329155, -0.03103821724653244, -0.0028790810611099005, -0.0000908082802197896, 0.01915273815393448, -0.020938338711857796, 0.0046686893329024315, -0.04942502826452255, 0.003947220277041197, -0.03669428452849388, -0.030070196837186813, 0.010651705786585808, 0.03526068106293678, 0.019223881885409355, 0.016173960641026497, -0.061060428619384766, 0.0268614012748003, -0.018675751984119415, -0.011434638872742653, -0.07623695582151413, 0.028257790952920914, -0.04367617517709732, 0.004542835056781769, -0.003309022868052125, 0.017494576051831245, 0.03471798077225685, -0.0988881066441536, 0.0414917878806591, 0.03749340772628784, 0.0063390908762812614, -0.031222399324178696, 0.03826018050312996, -0.023527581244707108, 0.00362381455488503, 0.0027454975061118603, 0.05257122963666916, 0.027052663266658783, -0.0021268706768751144, -0.02714606560766697, 0.025090569630265236, 0.009298974648118019, 0.02472158707678318, 0.06539686024188995, 0.04484211280941963, -0.04857379570603371, 0.005142929032444954, 0.003226714674383402, -0.012127145193517208, 0.02240322157740593, 0.005362236872315407, -0.055623382329940796, -0.005104330368340015, -0.01638781651854515, 0.01621760055422783, -0.01937195658683777, -0.03330901265144348, -0.025028862059116364, -0.09907831251621246, -0.038030244410037994, 0.01629137434065342 ]
<p>I'm current developing cargo loader software, but i have a little challenge with calculating load for each axle when a cargo is placed on container. I know that all axles will be affected (the nearest ones are the most affected ones of course), and I want to find approximately the value of each load. Here's example scenario in pictures:</p> <p><img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/LCqjF.jpg" alt="enter image description here"> </p> <p>I tried to find loads using balance rules taking each point as a pivot and calculating equation based on that position as below (EDIT: on the following figure in case 4 the 5th axle is pivot, I forgot to show it on figure):</p> <p><img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/3AP9g.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></p> <p><img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/v0D88.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></p> <p>But I think I have problem with above solution as I could not find F3, F4, F5 in special examples (putting "d" distance values from pivot - P.S in this last picture all "d"s are different distances from pivot in that case - so d3 in the first equation is not equal to d3 in second equation as these both have different distances to different pivots) - for easy calculation you can use Cramer's rule online calculator <a href="http://matrix.reshish.com/cramer.php" rel="nofollow">here</a>.</p> <p>I tried to solve this problem with moment but I could not done as I'm not good in physics :( I could not find relations between different forces in that case, I had only F1*d1 + F2*d2 + F3*d3 = F4*d4 + F5*d5 and F1 + F2 + F3 + F4 + F5 = mg ===> i got 5 unknowns but only 2 equations :(</p> <p>So, i need your help! Any suggestions will be appreciated! </p>
g4626
[ 0.011663995683193207, 0.02174276113510132, -0.021921537816524506, -0.05978156626224518, 0.06485465168952942, -0.05115627869963646, 0.014867483638226986, -0.06586714833974838, -0.09158670902252197, 0.007293128874152899, -0.04784061014652252, -0.048355963081121445, -0.012952581979334354, -0.018530378118157387, 0.07268712669610977, 0.0563461109995842, 0.06211547553539276, -0.006338840816169977, 0.022826120257377625, 0.049464743584394455, 0.05186718702316284, 0.025104913860559464, -0.05740224942564964, -0.020309872925281525, -0.07567263394594193, 0.02822614461183548, -0.04996848851442337, 0.12343230098485947, -0.06111094728112221, 0.04492862522602081, -0.0355524942278862, -0.07666346430778503, -0.04252234473824501, -0.04262256622314453, -0.10003731399774551, -0.07168974727392197, 0.04101370647549629, 0.005843512713909149, 0.0689883828163147, 0.02517557144165039, -0.014657750725746155, -0.06767819076776505, 0.01698981411755085, 0.03138821944594383, -0.010447358712553978, 0.007046010345220566, -0.026258746162056923, 0.02242465130984783, 0.036420393735170364, 0.014943627640604973, -0.05304402485489845, 0.019461646676063538, 0.007450592238456011, -0.04618849605321884, 0.023505840450525284, -0.00032703261240385473, 0.02580409310758114, -0.010189954191446304, -0.025820991024374962, -0.014870383776724339, -0.02188710682094097, 0.004952902905642986, -0.012312423437833786, 0.035850245505571365, 0.03362312912940979, -0.011895549483597279, -0.024144303053617477, 0.005644287448376417, -0.022940265014767647, 0.008170321583747864, 0.039360467344522476, 0.003985743969678879, -0.02850293181836605, -0.04812648519873619, -0.06555785238742828, 0.0026227161288261414, -0.021923091262578964, 0.050525665283203125, -0.005917062517255545, -0.018311122432351112, 0.024597110226750374, 0.0031068758107721806, 0.057945504784584045, 0.03135598078370094, 0.029868438839912415, 0.008426644839346409, 0.011984208598732948, 0.06036008894443512, -0.011462406255304813, -0.0038124362472444773, 0.045095380395650864, 0.004831851460039616, 0.06891200691461563, -0.030132394284009933, -0.0464223213493824, -0.02221321314573288, -0.007999458350241184, 0.02341420017182827, -0.007110247854143381, 0.006045802496373653, -0.012183383107185364, 0.048221781849861145, -0.004691822919994593, -0.05121222883462906, -0.03330688551068306, -0.024836543947458267, 0.008095068857073784, 0.061537593603134155, 0.02163381688296795, -0.05052410066127777, -0.06931347399950027, -0.031028911471366882, -0.0011637444840744138, -0.05871580168604851, 0.05078592896461487, 0.003539893077686429, 0.05308962240815163, 0.014915096573531628, 0.03785525634884834, 0.013816703110933304, 0.011161728762090206, 0.020583990961313248, -0.030007073655724525, 0.11593564599752426, 0.027162108570337296, -0.055036235600709915, -0.019846100360155106, 0.05152449756860733, 0.05189816281199455, -0.009547676891088486, 0.0021985541097819805, -0.08141385763883591, 0.028287597000598907, 0.023416072130203247, 0.0012829158222302794, 0.034446317702531815, -0.03426935896277428, 0.03898640349507332, -0.004310171585530043, -0.023539185523986816, -0.02348223514854908, -0.0035879507195204496, 0.0004147080471739173, -0.008892831392586231, -0.0019453944405540824, 0.024730617180466652, -0.014187559485435486, 0.011328502558171749, 0.05768801271915436, -0.04493271932005882, -0.0011951701017096639, 0.033601924777030945, -0.07762838900089264, 0.052806202322244644, -0.02171638049185276, 0.007488275412470102, 0.010848306119441986, -0.03822707384824753, -0.022837916389107704, 0.017957031726837158, 0.0022210583556443453, 0.004143670201301575, 0.011946584098041058, -0.03689799830317497, -0.0026367458049207926, 0.06630994379520416, -0.020285870879888535, -0.007878445088863373, 0.010849233716726303, -0.05760427936911583, -0.12049182504415512, -0.05098049342632294, 0.0386321023106575, -0.01525918859988451, 0.01694679446518421, -0.003957588691264391, 0.04000839963555336, 0.008051244542002678, 0.074394591152668, 0.05026549473404884, 0.031150484457612038, 0.02044498361647129, 0.10212432593107224, -0.013369260355830193, -0.06047613173723221, -0.05321147292852402, 0.02280060015618801, -0.01665164902806282, -0.008197270333766937, 0.025429632514715195, 0.012834389694035053, 0.029490217566490173, 0.016713393852114677, -0.022016340866684914, -0.05592434108257294, -0.011951299384236336, 0.029161980375647545, -0.043159060180187225, -0.03845497965812683, -0.006259576883167028, -0.04857475310564041, -0.006324347574263811, 0.0035683223977684975, 0.06412937492132187, -0.02532515674829483, -0.019119776785373688, -0.008617370389401913, -0.03772270679473877, 0.022351620718836784, -0.015701085329055786, -0.04236282780766487, -0.008547003380954266, -0.024843182414770126, 0.04874022305011749, -0.021230127662420273, 0.025772951543331146, 0.03099711239337921, 0.0436786450445652, -0.014781204052269459, 0.006051419302821159, 0.005147705785930157, 0.004078343976289034, 0.005604627542197704, 0.0026192618533968925, 0.019969817250967026, -0.02174193225800991, 0.03577012941241264, -0.026119181886315346, 0.04953773692250252, 0.00907067395746708, 0.007712260819971561, 0.038649171590805054, -0.022287579253315926, 0.017898980528116226, 0.06486924737691879, -0.02027019113302231, 0.022593868896365166, 0.03813784569501877, 0.02486530691385269, 0.06926457583904266, 0.030637839809060097, 0.025855761021375656, -0.030615609139204025, -0.0041290465742349625, 0.005707590840756893, 0.008923579938709736, 0.060599375516176224, -0.013260473497211933, 0.0496126189827919, 0.006796177010983229, 0.016273995861411095, -0.020172452554106712, 0.0009365321020595729, -0.019057657569646835, 0.0155593017116189, 0.005390472710132599, -0.008574577048420906, -0.021376855671405792, -0.007607423234730959, 0.03340187668800354, -0.0341813750565052, -0.010338328778743744, 0.03324614465236664, 0.04752523824572563, -0.03295891359448433, -0.02701694704592228, 0.011875682510435581, -0.020251460373401642, 0.03557193651795387, 0.01629217341542244, -0.038374096155166626, -0.0737675353884697, -0.04564184322953224, 0.017264457419514656, -0.010091184638440609, -0.033216871321201324, 0.0055926344357430935, -0.010837961919605732, -0.036451034247875214, 0.06522814184427261, -0.009099219925701618, -0.03767580911517143, -0.05042712762951851, 0.012796495109796524, 0.029503701254725456, 0.0029945417772978544, 0.04159683734178543, 0.05727872997522354, 0.03318598493933678, 0.046654991805553436, 0.01318748015910387, -0.007902761921286583, 0.0015050474321469665, -0.007006098050624132, 0.012320039793848991, 0.04658353328704834, 0.009256059303879738, -0.005749813746660948, -0.013537428341805935, -0.03163379430770874, -0.01224298682063818, 0.017767226323485374, 0.051297497004270554, 0.016947640106081963, -0.01744762808084488, 0.04831207916140556, -0.005416648928076029, -0.04397552087903023, 0.052298881113529205, 0.022086070850491524, -0.07762370258569717, -0.004124606493860483, 0.02357521280646324, -0.04072360321879387, -0.04801679775118828, -0.010494820773601532, 0.016858814284205437, -0.02013699896633625, -0.008212974295020103, -0.08108025789260864, -0.020336205139756203, -0.03969704732298851, -0.026051506400108337, 0.00803602859377861, 0.0539272204041481, 0.09290717542171478, -0.053261853754520416, 0.07437339425086975, 0.01318002212792635, 0.0005094559746794403, 0.02007228136062622, 0.01153118722140789, 0.03440530598163605, -0.01937856338918209, -0.012921007350087166, -0.04388827830553055, 0.02092677541077137, -0.012217720039188862, 0.009189710021018982, 0.0039323302917182446, -0.05169098079204559, 0.01938576065003872, -0.015867264941334724, -0.033286210149526596, -0.06502102315425873, -0.003064637305215001, 0.020743221044540405, 0.04598649591207504, 0.02681475318968296, 0.008482350036501884, -0.05045868828892708, 0.017487574368715286, 0.07641122490167618, 0.004585305228829384, 0.03140776604413986, -0.015103894285857677, -0.004890564829111099, -0.0018625984666869044, 0.0022736575920134783, 0.07627270370721817, -0.031098050996661186, 0.02791074477136135, -0.05585237219929695, 0.047100868076086044, 0.04900088906288147, -0.05218992754817009, -0.0002780027862172574, 0.026730433106422424, 0.028592528775334358, -0.035169780254364014, 0.0478825643658638, 0.005952668376266956, 0.00865563377737999, -0.06745325028896332, 0.024107368662953377, -0.03584250062704086, 0.04888402298092842, -0.004874709993600845, -0.039824776351451874, 0.023305485025048256, 0.0009543701307848096, 0.048263248056173325, -0.01913273334503174, -0.01779261976480484, 0.02323792316019535, -0.0034604810643941164, 0.058708079159259796, 0.020335258916020393, -0.018966691568493843, 0.041923604905605316, -0.008998324163258076, -0.06454717367887497, -0.026482217013835907, -0.006976677570492029, 0.031860727816820145, 0.018035709857940674, -0.0363127700984478, -0.00909727718681097, 0.022907309234142303, 0.03850775957107544, 0.05669856444001198, -0.006771205924451351, 0.05488334968686104, 0.04410693049430847, 0.0113900201395154, -0.011497817002236843, 0.026248209178447723, 0.009740264154970646, 0.00785280205309391, 0.031066151335835457, -0.018031692132353783, 0.018770016729831696, 0.01947294920682907, -0.014615494757890701, 0.016935767605900764, 0.021737342700362206, 0.026150330901145935, -0.034843336790800095, -0.012199876829981804, -0.03222049027681351, 0.05247713252902031, 0.05182948336005211, -0.038926877081394196, -0.07235745340585709, 0.005011307075619698, -0.007916534319519997, -0.02077268622815609, -0.002954188035801053, 0.029722603037953377, -0.014548546634614468, -0.028866605833172798, 0.007081956136971712, -0.030363649129867554, 0.018285105004906654, -0.018348542973399162, 0.01630103960633278, 0.03325905650854111, 0.010132014751434326, 0.033659543842077255, -0.003812068607658148, -0.011163257993757725, 0.08495685458183289, -0.018850740045309067, -0.017338847741484642, -0.03479347005486488, 0.07063325494527817, -0.050859469920396805, -0.047913532704114914, 0.053617529571056366, -0.019701233133673668, 0.016602596268057823, -0.05110558494925499, -0.014136635698378086, 0.007431062404066324, 0.030100151896476746, 0.0049726818688213825, -0.022523930296301842, -0.03300430625677109, 0.06363081187009811, 0.0030660636257380247, -0.05620148777961731, -0.00971037708222866, 0.002446540165692568, -0.06279737502336502, -0.0009725562413223088, -0.0183261651545763, 0.026748066768050194, -0.0074938214384019375, -0.017780596390366554, -0.024361424148082733, -0.021218646317720413, -0.01961023546755314, 0.03431607037782669, -0.018306804820895195, 0.021079372614622116, 0.0030802409164607525, -0.030451955273747444, 0.027982527390122414, -0.010586034506559372, -0.03141199052333832, -0.05378837510943413, -0.013140377588570118, -0.04164181649684906, 0.0001736847625579685, -0.036676812916994095, 0.005569436587393284, -0.0017903400585055351, 0.0008663209737278521, 0.06310753524303436, -0.04289701208472252, 0.0030896435491740704, 0.03255462646484375, -0.08237940818071365, -0.004060117993503809, 0.021293438971042633, 0.006139243487268686, 0.020131999626755714, -0.00359160965308547, -0.051709145307540894, -0.07771996408700943, 0.005307543091475964, -0.0032125189900398254, 0.004017346538603306, -0.027690883725881577, -0.0015506629133597016, -0.0030379649251699448, 0.07212472707033157, -0.016539951786398888, 0.008651874028146267, 0.008831649087369442, 0.0645194947719574, -0.022581595927476883, 0.03770073875784874, -0.05745115876197815, -0.04059300571680069, -0.01751537434756756, 0.01970442570745945, 0.04679865390062332, -0.029329145327210426, 0.03733162209391594, 0.01628236472606659, 0.02687879651784897, 0.01838977262377739, -0.057893384248018265, 0.04172755777835846, -0.06952772289514542, -0.04957672581076622, -0.022702114656567574, -0.01976231299340725, 0.012245869264006615, -0.051619015634059906, 0.005810462404042482, 0.04067343845963478, -0.03810950741171837, -0.03841456398367882, -0.03719471022486687, 0.020323796197772026, 0.033738505095243454, 0.054569829255342484, 0.0034843229223042727, -0.02963954396545887, -0.01570601388812065, 0.004136424046009779, -0.011121268384158611, -0.031171469017863274, -0.009241567924618721, -0.03190084919333458, -0.0369262620806694, 0.047170937061309814, 0.0018051501829177141, -0.00011127534526167437, 0.09417407959699631, -0.02298862300813198, -0.028005750849843025, -0.007877444848418236, 0.02446806989610195, -0.055920518934726715, -0.012916672974824905, -0.021387767046689987, -0.02475636452436447, 0.03988386318087578, -0.03252609819173813, 0.033606696873903275, 0.007434563711285591, 0.027616824954748154, 0.08026815205812454, -0.07582094520330429, 0.03175852820277214, 0.038117069751024246, 0.06108469516038895, 0.017414608970284462, -0.04551619663834572, 0.0011460245586931705, -0.02999291755259037, 0.07714278995990753, 0.01815061829984188, -0.02756197564303875, -0.046148184686899185, -0.05162244290113449, 0.04489031061530113, -0.0008176324190571904, -0.012824144214391708, 0.022676706314086914, 0.029546689242124557, -0.06636925041675568, 0.037048909813165665, 0.015432938002049923, -0.05027531459927559, 0.027466654777526855, -0.08439648151397705, 0.023602399975061417, 0.01502973958849907, -0.04946638643741608, -0.014698727987706661, 0.004485464654862881, 0.005960535258054733, 0.0438370406627655, 0.02665882185101509, 0.02532428316771984, 0.03677777945995331, 0.053688663989305496, -0.019551685079932213, 0.05560901015996933, -0.04848133400082588, 0.00015384804282803088, -0.008497936651110649, -0.018837563693523407, -0.03505123034119606, -0.0527244471013546, -0.018831204622983932, -0.007629711646586657, 0.05297091603279114, -0.023805133998394012, 0.07791133224964142, -0.02382490038871765, -0.03322897106409073, -0.06380032747983932, -0.008274580352008343, 0.048899225890636444, 0.005530485883355141, -0.02734985388815403, -0.003584418212994933, -0.0013328740606084466, -0.060653023421764374, 0.04105053469538689, 0.04470588639378548, -0.06215904280543327, -0.019943350926041603, 0.029298778623342514, 0.009042929857969284, 0.03244524449110031, -0.05194663256406784, 0.042751189321279526, -0.0028260427061468363, 0.009268921799957752, 0.023267989978194237, 0.023120351135730743, 0.030919348821043968, -0.00967271439731121, 0.045271120965480804, 0.009475352242588997, 0.016529586166143417, -0.05399210378527641, 0.0008549609337933362, -0.0018549220403656363, -0.03489021211862564, -0.02070687897503376, -0.07196930795907974, -0.01795121841132641, 0.05391308665275574, 0.016696758568286896, 0.007322415243834257, 0.027596255764365196, 0.05791763961315155, -0.03316657245159149, 0.0021326406858861446, 0.04473678022623062, -0.0018689691787585616, 0.03153884783387184, -0.00575886107981205, -0.0126621313393116, -0.03340892493724823, 0.019647303968667984, -0.03338003158569336, -0.031559623777866364, 0.04950712248682976, 0.017804177477955818, -0.014502516016364098, -0.0003590518899727613, 0.05890240892767906, -0.009638562798500061, -0.0335967093706131, -0.06853631138801575, 0.03372278809547424, 0.053861577063798904, 0.028589077293872833, 0.028947485610842705, 0.007231019902974367, -0.04175248742103577, -0.041395775973796844, -0.0029220536816865206, -0.011899699456989765, -0.08063692599534988, -0.010724538937211037, 0.034696273505687714, 0.04621223732829094, -0.007956438697874546, -0.03180320933461189, 0.0005758859915658832, 0.0031092199496924877, 0.08007863909006119, 0.04994184151291847, -0.004692850634455681, -0.02950797602534294, -0.04005369171500206, 0.015026245266199112, 0.052556611597537994, 0.03602117300033569, 0.03292979300022125, -0.029316814616322517, -0.005054067354649305, -0.020575538277626038, 0.018343370407819748, -0.012613825500011444, -0.03607548773288727, 0.0014489494496956468, -0.06906459480524063, 0.013026591390371323, -0.027430459856987, -0.0020934257190674543, 0.07210872322320938, 0.044718459248542786, 0.007251420058310032, -0.04044085368514061, -0.02068539336323738, 0.02150624431669712, 0.021760841831564903, -0.00032316017313860357, 0.03668311983346939, 0.06267795711755753, -0.009805223904550076, 0.0008502202108502388, -0.0011683461489155889, -0.01120492909103632, 0.006005467846989632, -0.019053595140576363, -0.028284795582294464, -0.01835377886891365, -0.004950460512191057, 0.014462508261203766, -0.019877102226018906, -0.03715312108397484, -0.023638064041733742, 0.049663443118333817, 0.03558726981282234, 0.027866553515195847, -0.018873943015933037, -0.03834611922502518, -0.013403884135186672, 0.022440044209361076, 0.0017964718863368034, -0.11852465569972992, 0.016087748110294342, -0.009485209360718727, 0.006235731765627861, 0.027258824557065964, -0.013253767043352127, 0.01511908695101738, -0.0317251980304718, -0.025040393695235252, -0.000633668270893395, 0.024499092251062393, -0.010532033629715443, 0.004402720369398594, -0.05184587463736534, -0.01335293147712946, -0.05439410358667374, -0.026767227798700333, -0.02859886735677719, -0.005906003061681986, 0.004091488663107157, -0.014379116706550121, -0.09023276716470718, -0.012522623874247074, 0.008248609490692616, -0.025672806426882744, -0.00887592975050211, -0.03144431486725807 ]
<p>The question I am working on is, "Two blocks are free to slide along the friction-less wooden track shown below. The block of mass $m_1 = 4.98~kg$ is released from the position shown, at height $h = 5.00~m$ above the flat part of the track. Protruding from its front end is the north pole of a strong magnet, which repels the north pole of an identical magnet embedded in the back end of the block of mass $m_2 = 9.40~kg$, initially at rest. The two blocks never touch. Calculate the maximum height to which $m_1$ rises after the elastic collision."</p> <p><img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/Uz4To.gif" alt="enter image description here"></p> <p>This question comes from webassign. On webassign they have a feature called "Watch It;" this feature allows you to see a person solve a problem nearly similar to this one. I feel as though there is an error in what the person says in the video. The person says that the mechanical energy of the block-earth system is conserved, but that wouldn't be true; if we were looking at the block-block system--that is, $m_1$ and $m_2$--the mechanical energy would be conserved. By looking at just the block-earth system, there would be a loss in kinetic energy, because when the two blocks "collide," they apply a force over a distance(work), causing a change in kinetic energy of each block, because the kinetic energy of the moving block is transferred into the other block, which is why the first block doesn't return to its initial height. Is this correct? If not, what am I misunderstanding?</p> <p>As a result of this contention with what the person said in the video, I am not very certain on how to solve this problem. EDIT (attempt to solve): </p> <p>Energy analysis:</p> <p>$m_1:$ $PE_i=mgh=KE_f$, where $h$ is the height from which it drops.</p> <p>$KE_i=0~J$; $PE_f=mgh_0$, where $h_0$ is the height is rises to after the collision</p> <p>$m_2:$ $KE_i=PE_i=PE_f=0~j$; $KE_f=\frac{1}{2}m_2v^2_{f,2}$</p> <p>Momentum Analysis:</p> <p>$m_1:$ $\vec{p}_{i,1}=m_1\vec{v}_{i,1}$; $\vec{p}_{f,1}=m_1\vec{v}_{f,1}$</p> <p>$m_2:$ $\vec{p}_{i,2}=m_2\vec{v}_{i,1}$; $\vec{p}_{f,2}=m_2\vec{v}_{f,2}$</p> <p>When I set up an equation for change in mechanical energy, and an equation for conservation of momentum, I get two equations, with a lot of unknowns. What did I do wrong?</p>
g44
[ 0.07996620237827301, 0.010569564998149872, 0.02236894704401493, 0.047842640429735184, 0.01766118034720421, 0.011494548991322517, 0.0391642302274704, 0.031340762972831726, -0.07318843901157379, 0.0029908849392086267, -0.012262753210961819, -0.006567820906639099, 0.008670279756188393, 0.01824931986629963, -0.004934956319630146, 0.020090000703930855, 0.12376450002193451, -0.056131087243556976, 0.013856586068868637, 0.03944815695285797, -0.06643521785736084, 0.009078040719032288, -0.028684863820672035, -0.016514882445335388, -0.016810180619359016, -0.0042794193141162395, 0.024428049102425575, 0.017157671973109245, -0.04695415496826172, -0.03028402104973793, -0.006440592929720879, -0.01571641117334366, 0.033128466457128525, -0.0825170949101448, -0.08341258019208908, 0.025102129206061363, 0.08241169899702072, -0.04258806258440018, 0.0007222268613986671, -0.010851268656551838, 0.05913780257105827, -0.08231747895479202, 0.022715583443641663, -0.008197594434022903, 0.009426174685359001, -0.017367418855428696, -0.031426802277565, -0.04495103657245636, -0.005616785958409309, 0.027017340064048767, 0.010569018311798573, 0.06299728155136108, 0.051692426204681396, 0.03608875349164009, -0.0027771168388426304, 0.03322727233171463, 0.027225442230701447, -0.026783689856529236, 0.07708609849214554, 0.01571398228406906, -0.02194938436150551, -0.01111523061990738, 0.029022661969065666, -0.03419242799282074, 0.04781970754265785, -0.029027681797742844, -0.05481670796871185, 0.02025694027543068, 0.03548675775527954, -0.008367323316633701, 0.02509324811398983, 0.005289644468575716, 0.007004266604781151, -0.011711908504366875, -0.006952787283807993, -0.019014516845345497, 0.018561415374279022, 0.0004271980724297464, 0.029070207849144936, 0.018313903361558914, -0.0949748083949089, 0.10234679281711578, 0.010858090594410896, 0.019197896122932434, 0.03664484620094299, 0.048505883663892746, -0.033310387283563614, 0.05401548743247986, -0.05367705971002579, 0.046143561601638794, 0.02854587882757187, -0.0068932780995965, 0.07212647050619125, -0.0061551048420369625, 0.010179008357226849, 0.0002643930783960968, -0.04430295154452324, 0.06058434024453163, 0.06717429310083389, 0.030606959015130997, -0.016332922503352165, -0.049367278814315796, -0.011161336675286293, -0.018954431638121605, 0.055433087050914764, -0.039230331778526306, 0.02284841611981392, 0.046061109751462936, -0.044302914291620255, -0.010280054062604904, 0.03016636334359646, -0.10706188529729843, -0.06220391020178795, -0.0771741271018982, -0.02609597146511078, -0.04371611028909683, 0.07243107259273529, 0.025454452261328697, 0.01204616203904152, 0.04168713092803955, 0.006009550765156746, -0.012402652762830257, 0.007193609140813351, 0.06609568744897842, -0.019574545323848724, -0.04950894042849541, -0.008919029496610165, -0.03435344621539116, 0.031757403165102005, -0.014443369582295418, -0.0626816675066948, -0.029623763635754585, 0.07388627529144287, 0.0009266778943128884, 0.00010755503171822056, 0.013872400857508183, -0.0051947301253676414, 0.06855574250221252, 0.00830609630793333, 0.005936116445809603, -0.04005769267678261, 0.008198871277272701, -0.014271550811827183, -0.04191242903470993, -0.06068142503499985, 0.03774262219667435, 0.02444612607359886, -0.02854435332119465, 0.07095574587583542, -0.023460792377591133, 0.003916510846465826, 0.06364908069372177, -0.03777231276035309, -0.02596520073711872, 0.05275627225637436, -0.010142408311367035, 0.04881885647773743, 0.018207712098956108, 0.007366526871919632, 0.015039214864373207, 0.0528714545071125, -0.05005822330713272, 0.07804635167121887, -0.013581319712102413, -0.0379178449511528, 0.0013983926037326455, 0.01718708872795105, -0.05873233079910278, 0.03187329322099686, -0.01620071940124035, -0.062268324196338654, -0.05816050246357918, 0.03660256415605545, 0.07895729690790176, -0.05508023872971535, 0.027515819296240807, 0.09937886893749237, -0.06943608075380325, -0.012782343663275242, 0.014521445147693157, 0.021672556176781654, 0.006669152993708849, 0.0965820923447609, 0.022561142221093178, 0.005130498204380274, -0.011518974788486958, 0.03081754967570305, 0.08660612255334854, -0.00971802044659853, -0.04077773168683052, -0.0357171967625618, -0.022388773038983345, 0.01966053619980812, 0.003935010638087988, -0.011708283796906471, 0.03282498940825462, -0.012791321612894535, -0.017219316214323044, -0.03472145274281502, -0.004419222008436918, -0.013325255364179611, 0.04231851547956467, 0.006546531338244677, 0.035618070513010025, -0.029605383053421974, 0.020012307912111282, 0.013382014818489552, 0.019442472606897354, -0.0016542469384148717, -0.06365998089313507, -0.014929908327758312, 0.04388478398323059, -0.09190648049116135, 0.04097931832075119, 0.001852836343459785, -0.041251085698604584, -0.0094526382163167, -0.009170852601528168, -0.06692126393318176, 0.002212751191109419, -0.046040479093790054, -0.022534048184752464, 0.020266765728592873, -0.00765674002468586, -0.02309277467429638, -0.05562981218099594, -0.015663793310523033, -0.04813887178897858, -0.022763051092624664, 0.0012346758740022779, -0.03722303360700607, 0.0599491260945797, -0.008349448442459106, -0.020761098712682724, 0.08765378594398499, 0.037013620138168335, -0.0060360729694366455, 0.013153601437807083, 0.013645852915942669, -0.006100828293710947, 0.033180560916662216, -0.06121458858251572, -0.03559999167919159, -0.0630866065621376, 0.07661537081003189, -0.026840610429644585, 0.06850004941225052, 0.0014211899833753705, 0.025325654074549675, 0.019406232982873917, 0.03102092631161213, -0.014370450749993324, -0.0014282885240390897, -0.016306471079587936, 0.03969196602702141, -0.004373785108327866, -0.03502273187041283, -0.007926261983811855, -0.03643117472529411, -0.028814319521188736, 0.01764884777367115, -0.08349421620368958, 0.005009356886148453, 0.0738721415400505, -0.062084171921014786, -0.009388449601829052, -0.05047057941555977, -0.03127044811844826, -0.01078152284026146, 0.00918743759393692, -0.050089359283447266, 0.026433216407895088, 0.023978808894753456, 0.09451355040073395, -0.02764316461980343, -0.049462057650089264, -0.004185056313872337, -0.00395302614197135, 0.019249269738793373, 0.020000478252768517, -0.0116344653069973, 0.015984119847416878, -0.019631726667284966, -0.003977532498538494, 0.05109734833240509, 0.0005313253495842218, -0.028758715838193893, 0.008666661567986012, -0.002801783150061965, -0.019946686923503876, -0.06446728110313416, 0.023597026243805885, 0.07179152220487595, 0.043567534536123276, -0.02590055949985981, 0.08087609708309174, -0.015155111439526081, -0.05705684423446655, -0.06092303991317749, -0.01813543029129505, -0.015028279274702072, 0.0008934653596952558, 0.011444454081356525, 0.041502490639686584, 0.025954360142350197, 0.06289011240005493, -0.012116419151425362, -0.01776113174855709, 0.0012609174009412527, 0.007961167022585869, -0.05415942519903183, 0.03195568174123764, 0.0132584935054183, -0.02245115116238594, -0.06547633558511734, 0.003313870867714286, 0.04831864312291145, -0.04272777959704399, -0.009987087920308113, -0.0005414983606897295, -0.05733223259449005, -0.02118980884552002, 0.012667680159211159, 0.019262943416833878, -0.013149459846317768, 0.024487029761075974, -0.08060349524021149, 0.029170885682106018, -0.028257152065634727, 0.015466944314539433, -0.01078872475773096, 0.09317623823881149, 0.008044632151722908, -0.04189629107713699, -0.03189535066485405, -0.05156822130084038, 0.017116352915763855, -0.02612648531794548, 0.04693223536014557, 0.008610649965703487, -0.04701213538646698, 0.010389624163508415, -0.00048274107393808663, -0.028548389673233032, 0.006290554068982601, 0.03706565499305725, -0.006616091355681419, -0.0014935011276975274, -0.03148871660232544, -0.05766508728265762, 0.09663397818803787, 0.008276434615254402, 0.012219136580824852, 0.03488621115684509, -0.03607757017016411, 0.040819067507982254, -0.016223182901740074, -0.02025311253964901, -0.062294505536556244, 0.044035203754901886, 0.028875576332211494, -0.012724093161523342, 0.01589290052652359, -0.0247514508664608, -0.02445394918322563, -0.017520640045404434, -0.05905604735016823, 0.02017378807067871, 0.025700215250253677, -0.05401761829853058, 0.04670703411102295, -0.028282983228564262, -0.05045771971344948, -0.0025579766370356083, 0.03527117520570755, -0.03671219199895859, 0.014620834961533546, -0.009656076319515705, -0.019565485417842865, 0.03553980961441994, 0.04342605173587799, -0.035324469208717346, -0.048836614936590195, 0.015509374439716339, 0.05125388875603676, 0.0463540181517601, -0.007705011870712042, 0.01941780373454094, 0.05047096684575081, 0.020797375589609146, 0.008514595218002796, 0.04170938953757286, -0.01821068301796913, 0.03731256350874901, 0.013818678446114063, 0.037500590085983276, 0.011954818852245808, 0.0027828284073621035, -0.008961593732237816, 0.011035775765776634, -0.011203344911336899, 0.012320361100137234, -0.0737956240773201, 0.011413279920816422, 0.017763767391443253, 0.003622481133788824, 0.04170089215040207, -0.0025836618151515722, 0.013222054578363895, 0.0338357649743557, 0.030313972383737564, -0.041519131511449814, -0.030492212623357773, -0.05996936187148094, -0.025774843990802765, -0.034359999001026154, -0.015225160866975784, 0.03271695598959923, 0.011859824880957603, -0.030476752668619156, -0.012407580390572548, 0.0460846871137619, -0.022777479141950607, -0.06340248137712479, 0.042362362146377563, 0.030230049043893814, 0.01955449767410755, 0.0026699246373027563, -0.020340649411082268, 0.009451589547097683, 0.01957537792623043, 0.036663297563791275, -0.0029797654133290052, -0.00998010579496622, -0.04061710089445114, 0.08555582165718079, -0.002490539802238345, 0.023246295750141144, 0.008668262511491776, 0.05119219794869423, 0.053966742008924484, 0.019143441691994667, -0.023349808529019356, 0.01796182245016098, 0.021019555628299713, 0.02561863884329796, -0.006246122065931559, -0.012888669967651367, -0.001157882739789784, -0.07322723418474197, 0.0033565079793334007, -0.008324655704200268, 0.03633171319961548, 0.004667098633944988, 0.013348879292607307, -0.03305923193693161, 0.012469781562685966, 0.027362434193491936, 0.015684477984905243, 0.023981643840670586, 0.013957029208540916, -0.009884987957775593, -0.01815325953066349, 0.022498225793242455, -0.011735552921891212, 0.012705760076642036, -0.005986700765788555, 0.0029277873691171408, -0.03302714601159096, 0.007279957644641399, 0.04977620020508766, -0.014758971519768238, -0.022587938234210014, -0.0007912578294053674, -0.007894504815340042, 0.07109732925891876, -0.03483933210372925, 0.03338760882616043, 0.08255288749933243, -0.07317057251930237, -0.011646111495792866, 0.003939306829124689, -0.010178782977163792, 0.02394532412290573, 0.011780070140957832, 0.01267825998365879, -0.07494541257619858, 0.012445719912648201, 0.05115705356001854, 0.011284363456070423, 0.00733810244128108, 0.022805387154221535, -0.030534403398633003, -0.009120834060013294, -0.008765732869505882, -0.0006222708616405725, 0.02867688611149788, 0.001037665526382625, -0.01448031235486269, -0.011842925101518631, -0.014221468940377235, 0.00127500353846699, -0.016542164608836174, -0.03032573126256466, -0.00793522410094738, 0.026796972379088402, 0.04075739532709122, 0.01354912482202053, -0.0031556591857224703, 0.037191636860370636, -0.05994671955704689, 0.03255370631814003, 0.036443259567022324, 0.05801350250840187, 0.009687855839729309, -0.019808374345302582, 0.056882623583078384, 0.013218219392001629, -0.03848588094115257, -0.025712499395012856, 0.038286324590444565, -0.012281777337193489, 0.07631931453943253, 0.011718318797647953, -0.018807360902428627, 0.02696709707379341, 0.014813434332609177, -0.041705869138240814, -0.08035999536514282, 0.09657683968544006, -0.005191553384065628, -0.0391695499420166, -0.007554220966994762, 0.019281359389424324, -0.029419053345918655, -0.022578764706850052, -0.028511684387922287, -0.030440671369433403, 0.005796036217361689, -0.03164136782288551, 0.015534545294940472, -0.031737107783555984, 0.028280891478061676, 0.042314331978559494, -0.037925515323877335, 0.005955867003649473, -0.023493120446801186, -0.04412081837654114, 0.03306544944643974, -0.014836047776043415, -0.015364488586783409, 0.026994822546839714, 0.025128023698925972, -0.02368541620671749, 0.0008034513448365033, -0.029692107811570168, 0.011393087916076183, -0.017204785719513893, 0.03202144801616669, -0.019781945273280144, 0.019594751298427582, -0.005154116079211235, -0.05109225958585739, 0.039810407906770706, 0.044153712689876556, -0.020452214404940605, -0.028432270511984825, -0.02916751056909561, 0.02649705670773983, -0.011795931495726109, 0.009096428751945496, 0.03155804052948952, -0.009236362762749195, 0.024311857298016548, 0.05550007522106171, -0.005856954026967287, -0.10220053046941757, -0.029805278405547142, -0.05550295487046242, -0.041583046317100525, -0.015925902873277664, -0.000046861405280651525, 0.0055341278202831745, -0.039593327790498734, -0.003996105864644051, -0.016917353495955467, -0.0754471868276596, -0.023199178278446198, 0.0005810596630908549, -0.0034426094498485327, -0.0017362663056701422, 0.021549368277192116, 0.000644790125079453, 0.04598316177725792, 0.007128358352929354, -0.029167979955673218, -0.045498643070459366, -0.003313995897769928, -0.03605534881353378, 0.025420935824513435, 0.01154889166355133, -0.030267149209976196, 0.02496432512998581, -0.0399409681558609, 0.0026908491272479296, 0.031456295400857925, -0.03229276090860367, 0.030569277703762054, 0.011780094355344772, -0.024682583287358284, -0.03559455648064613, 0.06370683759450912, -0.01531269308179617, 0.024509968236088753, -0.03656729683279991, -0.030809862539172173, 0.03134799376130104, 0.0007631779299117625, -0.02602059207856655, -0.057462580502033234, -0.02291080541908741, -0.0011195482220500708, 0.03064734861254692, -0.07449086010456085, 0.0015096502611413598, 0.014021262526512146, -0.029207710176706314, 0.011942355893552303, 0.04805544391274452, 0.013030294328927994, -0.017946748062968254, 0.016195068135857582, -0.05787430703639984, 0.06427203863859177, -0.011227747425436974, 0.10520616918802261, -0.031452007591724396, 0.044617678970098495, 0.00939500704407692, 0.025189748033881187, -0.03703415393829346, -0.015025441534817219, -0.025927219539880753, 0.05695398151874542, -0.04693048074841499, -0.02235294133424759, 0.0289374478161335, -0.020405374467372894, -0.027241718024015427, -0.007175287697464228, -0.025017159059643745, 0.009662812575697899, -0.016580132767558098, -0.0012999337632209063, -0.015789395198225975, -0.013900219462811947, -0.06067495048046112, 0.012558821588754654, 0.07492146641016006, 0.006639807019382715, -0.0006215860485099256, -0.04908357933163643, 0.014675701037049294, -0.019985146820545197, -0.02700827643275261, 0.025160886347293854, -0.014117313548922539, 0.008098808117210865, 0.0074221352115273476, 0.009307900443673134, -0.00888269953429699, -0.030980443581938744, -0.01411456149071455, 0.0316920131444931, -0.023870229721069336, 0.016486473381519318, 0.011152314022183418, -0.02463839203119278, -0.025285160169005394, -0.02622082270681858, -0.006343036890029907, 0.0163335669785738, -0.018628159537911415, 0.012266331352293491, 0.01474278699606657, 0.01721484400331974, -0.0332719124853611, 0.044856514781713486, 0.000448787584900856, 0.01616228185594082, -0.02335638366639614, 0.11192059516906738, 0.05713491514325142, -0.0004968693247064948, -0.017910191789269447, 0.008080653846263885, 0.02116767130792141, 0.011045408435165882, 0.002210552804172039, -0.028132345527410507, 0.013872303068637848, 0.0026763039641082287, -0.016563929617404938, 0.05062849074602127, 0.003266763873398304, 0.02656661905348301, 0.014906450174748898, -0.05052051320672035, -0.03280084952712059, 0.003486126195639372, 0.016636984422802925, 0.04532403498888016, 0.029554618522524834, 0.004198759328573942, 0.0030963418539613485, 0.014476819895207882, 0.012545866891741753, 0.019226951524615288, 0.009098981507122517, 0.004662743769586086, -0.030685842037200928, -0.000513125560246408, -0.03731881082057953, -0.11398746073246002, -0.02865982986986637, -0.007839564234018326, 0.010988003574311733, -0.014674851670861244, -0.026314416900277138, 0.02160263992846012, -0.012547783553600311, -0.06739991903305054, -0.024089761078357697, 0.009166592732071877, 0.020273402333259583, -0.03146013990044594, 0.012452201917767525, -0.027296308428049088, -0.03284108266234398, 0.008971140719950199, -0.06108831614255905, -0.048318471759557724, -0.0366692841053009, 0.011713988147675991, -0.016550874337553978, -0.022627437487244606, 0.01370962429791689, 0.0401577353477478, 0.027311837300658226, -0.046084921807050705, 0.05134795606136322, 0.023042064160108566, -0.02146218717098236, 0.018759114667773247, 0.00433740857988596, -0.01590879075229168, -0.0009347886661998928, -0.00351450452581048, -0.007813690230250359, -0.01949469745159149, -0.012306289747357368, -0.027869392186403275, -0.03358619660139084, -0.07250065356492996, 0.020721567794680595, -0.04017263650894165, 0.003518675919622183, 0.024693626910448074 ]
<p>Ok, so I remember reading that every conservation law has a corresponding symmetry (i.e. conservation of momentum is translational symmetry, conservation of angular momentum is rotational symmetry).</p> <p>Now conservation of energy is temporal symmetry (you can rewind the tape and it looks exactly the same, but in reverse--you don't get a different "movie" running the tape in reverse).</p> <p>But I just saw an article here...</p> <p><a href="http://arstechnica.com/science/2012/11/finding-a-direction-of-time-in-exotic-particle-transformations/" rel="nofollow">http://arstechnica.com/science/2012/11/finding-a-direction-of-time-in-exotic-particle-transformations/</a></p> <p>...where researchers found violations of time-reversal symmetry.</p> <p>Now wouldn't that therefore mean that they found processes that create or destroy energy?? Does T-Symmetry violation mean that energy is not being conserved?</p>
g4627
[ 0.034117039293050766, -0.0065124970860779285, 0.010761146433651447, -0.02059384435415268, 0.04798698425292969, -0.009587157517671585, 0.029070252552628517, 0.05367876589298248, -0.0679214745759964, 0.03740229830145836, 0.018287669867277145, -0.02756277285516262, -0.0012914964463561773, -0.028668299317359924, 0.004461733624339104, -0.0239902101457119, 0.08774442225694656, 0.01568245142698288, 0.02547488547861576, 0.0734969899058342, -0.013405859470367432, -0.04301151633262634, -0.05695304274559021, -0.005303357262164354, -0.0009111300460062921, 0.025561822578310966, -0.01741599105298519, -0.023140698671340942, -0.04164593666791916, -0.04976293817162514, 0.11387599259614944, -0.010563808493316174, -0.008816939778625965, -0.04474345222115517, -0.02174002304673195, -0.07453642040491104, 0.062423352152109146, -0.026230938732624054, 0.05424109101295471, 0.01473743561655283, 0.015541418455541134, 0.03647821024060249, -0.03643643856048584, -0.0173789132386446, 0.03935029357671738, 0.0017864657565951347, -0.01619051769375801, -0.03557479381561279, -0.057653166353702545, -0.04680468887090683, 0.018177388235926628, -0.007730414159595966, 0.030834732577204704, 0.01693101041018963, 0.00015162487397901714, -0.06825809180736542, -0.011238561011850834, -0.045423928648233414, 0.07238615304231644, 0.022524919360876083, -0.014859510585665703, 0.017849469557404518, 0.02791568823158741, 0.06044512987136841, 0.06515077501535416, -0.054687805473804474, -0.02968461997807026, 0.03458161652088165, 0.03223208338022232, -0.00386846368201077, 0.05096088722348213, 0.023227635771036148, -0.022491557523608208, 0.04976392164826393, 0.0056388527154922485, 0.012098991312086582, 0.03718447685241699, 0.005662357900291681, -0.08135969191789627, -0.023665541782975197, -0.09708813577890396, 0.006387133616954088, -0.039864275604486465, 0.07793022692203522, 0.09204407781362534, -0.02409987710416317, -0.03760969638824463, 0.05767880752682686, -0.03744310140609741, 0.039338529109954834, -0.002793816616758704, -0.07350438088178635, 0.10444685816764832, -0.012100495398044586, -0.022919395938515663, 0.006969906389713287, 0.007955692708492279, 0.0809311494231224, -0.05511552095413208, 0.026958778500556946, -0.0022943574003875256, -0.027482787147164345, -0.012813975103199482, -0.03386746346950531, 0.03897566348314285, 0.021397311240434647, 0.0591883510351181, -0.042740922421216965, -0.0319758877158165, -0.0039596171118319035, 0.05485653504729271, -0.00511793652549386, -0.01828003115952015, 0.03325137123465538, -0.013732649385929108, -0.006037426646798849, 0.0550912544131279, -0.04783625155687332, 0.04082879424095154, 0.04945482313632965, 0.021644826978445053, -0.026552392169833183, -0.025802763178944588, 0.02765713818371296, -0.03579416871070862, 0.023602915927767754, -0.026235204190015793, -0.034491509199142456, 0.05609550327062607, -0.015165379270911217, -0.06331732124090195, -0.004558779299259186, -0.004709039814770222, 0.07318039983510971, 0.03983879089355469, 0.0038951756432652473, 0.011775041930377483, 0.05089898407459259, -0.01113012246787548, -0.06360085308551788, 0.0027221154887229204, -0.013229777105152607, 0.008655207231640816, 0.030607372522354126, 0.005469765514135361, -0.036628615111112595, -0.05144293233752251, -0.006188436411321163, 0.019010260701179504, 0.014831013977527618, 0.022292785346508026, 0.056946877390146255, -0.017288509756326675, -0.0346362441778183, 0.002856727223843336, -0.015732288360595703, -0.008868728764355183, 0.02027878724038601, -0.015492197126150131, 0.020839788019657135, 0.032177288085222244, -0.01829555630683899, 0.013604454696178436, -0.0041451468132436275, -0.03379819169640541, -0.00981695856899023, -0.024938898161053658, -0.03863536939024925, -0.0005636530695483088, -0.03727195784449577, -0.0704822912812233, 0.02862735278904438, 0.0031431280076503754, 0.03713402897119522, -0.005462348461151123, 0.05704442784190178, -0.04755610600113869, -0.03823793679475784, -0.006466398946940899, -0.03512324392795563, 0.007484573405236006, 0.003425789065659046, -0.015108087100088596, 0.01890653930604458, 0.05952920764684677, 0.028034044429659843, 0.02622245065867901, 0.013469316065311432, -0.0475536584854126, -0.003408353077247739, 0.03241255134344101, 0.04466896876692772, -0.0197518952190876, 0.028132420033216476, -0.023523660376667976, -0.0020367351826280355, -0.020420748740434647, -0.033285897225141525, -0.09660661220550537, 0.048662878572940826, -0.005025116261094809, -0.012164604850113392, 0.010441320948302746, -0.013291713781654835, -0.017337055876851082, 0.03419485315680504, -0.05416353791952133, 0.010442717932164669, 0.027155660092830658, -0.005784655921161175, 0.033099863678216934, 0.031401485204696655, -0.056501299142837524, -0.023359451442956924, 0.010169170796871185, -0.016193997114896774, -0.01640419103205204, 0.011457044631242752, -0.03178928419947624, -0.004335957579314709, -0.06634818017482758, 0.01809876784682274, 0.029177948832511902, 0.01733360067009926, 0.020896203815937042, 0.004253976512700319, -0.04883245751261711, -0.09340469539165497, -0.03042786568403244, -0.013301918283104897, -0.0433257520198822, 0.035307228565216064, -0.071624755859375, 0.019896935671567917, 0.055203814059495926, 0.010780330747365952, 0.018930191174149513, 0.008353807963430882, 0.0694696381688118, -0.009544193744659424, -0.026156574487686157, -0.015458580106496811, -0.0454857163131237, 0.011506914161145687, 0.054320111870765686, 0.007451830431818962, 0.03135005757212639, -0.03899663686752319, 0.05201099440455437, -0.05300405994057655, 0.09000148624181747, -0.010859671048820019, -0.038997583091259, -0.0066581848077476025, 0.048678554594516754, -0.007042677141726017, 0.027740363031625748, 0.05407541245222092, -0.020350338891148567, 0.008886188268661499, 0.05667896568775177, 0.0024532123934477568, 0.014919346198439598, -0.0011734344298020005, 0.01103346049785614, -0.017861967906355858, 0.0052702175453305244, 0.020123720169067383, -0.0025555489119142294, 0.023314058780670166, -0.04614206403493881, 0.06467213481664658, -0.014708785340189934, -0.0015549672534689307, -0.018657512962818146, -0.015102967619895935, 0.015978874638676643, -0.03311328589916229, 0.006235559470951557, -0.0558139830827713, -0.0468599908053875, -0.017894262447953224, -0.018297571688890457, 0.04509347677230835, 0.06489776074886322, -0.03783891350030899, -0.0620904341340065, -0.02174108475446701, -0.06512382626533508, 0.040044717490673065, -0.05647766590118408, -0.007850698195397854, 0.011143607087433338, -0.052447400987148285, -0.0014437444042414427, 0.013210668228566647, -0.025575634092092514, -0.05003504827618599, -0.04367418587207794, 0.05121461674571037, -0.03164800629019737, -0.01140617486089468, 0.014155290089547634, 0.02918205037713051, 0.05974702909588814, 0.04425593465566635, -0.0540413036942482, -0.029157593846321106, 0.012682461179792881, 0.0033413346391171217, -0.04383321478962898, 0.006414841860532761, -0.0734369084239006, 0.033089492470026016, 0.01620730385184288, 0.0005520707927644253, -0.02899589017033577, -0.017167460173368454, 0.04685484990477562, 0.014026649296283722, -0.058135658502578735, 0.043707288801670074, 0.03433181345462799, 0.006948514841496944, 0.012500941753387451, -0.0024404460564255714, -0.036619868129491806, -0.011094867251813412, -0.019064245745539665, -0.0228960569947958, -0.010633652098476887, -0.041766293346881866, 0.02818245068192482, -0.04948814958333969, -0.005744206253439188, 0.00740306731313467, -0.04115396738052368, 0.00015409252955578268, 0.02955125831067562, -0.009690848179161549, -0.012624887749552727, 0.017355643212795258, 0.02867056056857109, 0.014606806449592113, 0.04845425486564636, 0.05786648392677307, -0.05034254118800163, 0.02570548839867115, 0.0007789338123984635, 0.033129479736089706, 0.06702899932861328, 0.020340964198112488, 0.014429479837417603, -0.02726553939282894, -0.005065834149718285, 0.046913351863622665, 0.008803528733551502, 0.06245727092027664, 0.03631909564137459, -0.015311081893742085, -0.01347380131483078, -0.02255411073565483, 0.027628397569060326, -0.02826276235282421, -0.020379243418574333, 0.04452650621533394, -0.029510319232940674, -0.05351805314421654, 0.04324775189161301, -0.02113836631178856, 0.015766138210892677, -0.010375448502600193, -0.003930547274649143, -0.03224724903702736, -0.01477881520986557, 0.0010583101538941264, 0.009454627521336079, 0.023803509771823883, -0.03075423091650009, 0.04138600081205368, 0.0730125904083252, -0.06438788026571274, -0.008550355210900307, 0.0203538965433836, 0.04709756746888161, 0.03123929724097252, -0.025547107681632042, -0.0007648027967661619, -0.025769541040062904, 0.00784989446401596, 0.004638530779629946, 0.02070935256779194, 0.03326764702796936, -0.05228639394044876, -0.017689434811472893, -0.013349349610507488, -0.0059234765358269215, -0.050164539366960526, -0.007024425081908703, -0.04354293271899223, -0.0020481240935623646, 0.01955905742943287, 0.013735883869230747, 0.00037691558827646077, 0.008813244290649891, 0.013204052112996578, 0.04056194797158241, -0.050966378301382065, -0.033142682164907455, -0.007739762309938669, -0.016079558059573174, -0.007359461858868599, -0.009942210279405117, -0.06274642050266266, -0.01271571684628725, -0.011101115494966507, -0.04026168957352638, -0.02696741744875908, 0.061471790075302124, 0.010042279027402401, 0.06382638216018677, 0.010975307784974575, 0.003671439364552498, -0.007130021695047617, -0.022519022226333618, 0.08142437040805817, 0.0012174996081739664, -0.02101796679198742, -0.03202643617987633, -0.04991518333554268, -0.0024282438680529594, -0.016280662268400192, 0.010910222306847572, -0.02508249506354332, -0.05496176704764366, -0.025201445445418358, -0.03139789029955864, 0.03721073642373085, 0.0600985586643219, 0.03787936270236969, 0.10441558808088303, -0.01835946924984455, 0.005957324989140034, 0.003780476050451398, -0.031024480238556862, 0.04435509443283081, -0.012955852784216404, -0.01172576379030943, 0.022707900032401085, 0.008221253752708435, -0.04283713176846504, 0.07267450541257858, -0.021421005949378014, 0.0016607000725343823, -0.008095042780041695, -0.026336761191487312, 0.008038169704377651, 0.03402310982346535, -0.03956983983516693, 0.05126866698265076, -0.11493448168039322, -0.010088516399264336, 0.05927683040499687, 0.009237495250999928, 0.048249561339616776, 0.05184630677103996, 0.004860736895352602, -0.007437412161380053, 0.016334328800439835, -0.035900622606277466, 0.012360087595880032, -0.01374328788369894, -0.027075765654444695, 0.04017442837357521, 0.017260972410440445, -0.005212422460317612, -0.011063015088438988, 0.004959470126777887, 0.0371796153485775, -0.015126475133001804, -0.046444203704595566, 0.011015588417649269, 0.0857580155134201, 0.006362296640872955, 0.020755071192979813, 0.02057007886469364, -0.06269288063049316, 0.02485484816133976, 0.03676927834749222, -0.0026107586454600096, -0.020133590325713158, 0.0038116062059998512, -0.0280840452760458, -0.05386962741613388, 0.06995828449726105, 0.03452606871724129, 0.015050533227622509, -0.02861041948199272, -0.03727739304304123, -0.004895683377981186, -0.01152858231216669, -0.004021240398287773, -0.0031540135387331247, -0.013482715003192425, 0.045249179005622864, 0.01747770980000496, 0.04311954230070114, 0.056297171860933304, -0.039294254034757614, -0.03877120092511177, 0.01321336254477501, -0.03496100381016731, -0.03411626070737839, 0.007588531356304884, 0.05470559746026993, 0.008992401883006096, -0.008010941557586193, 0.022690756246447563, -0.02686132676899433, -0.05762796849012375, -0.0428294837474823, 0.03753911703824997, 0.02082924358546734, -0.011612203903496265, -0.028820281848311424, 0.011900370009243488, -0.04002884402871132, -0.036967094987630844, 0.008082468062639236, 0.03376452252268791, -0.03238832205533981, -0.03827779367566109, 0.07438082247972488, 0.03909164294600487, -0.022529160603880882, -0.015229971148073673, 0.006884506903588772, 0.00120185362175107, 0.03732955828309059, 0.013224521651864052, 0.007692885119467974, 0.007980898022651672, -0.005955924745649099, 0.04488137736916542, -0.049873095005750656, -0.0062249586917459965, -0.06070219352841377, 0.0005787232657894492, -0.004264469258487225, -0.050506431609392166, 0.009440113790333271, -0.019585518166422844, 0.017120275646448135, -0.02220313437283039, 0.011578221805393696, 0.030121253803372383, 0.009248250164091587, -0.03367986902594566, -0.061813388019800186, -0.03256962448358536, -0.02658233791589737, 0.06517186015844345, 0.013796565122902393, 0.019672255963087082, 0.0341014489531517, -0.021183378994464874, -0.013497759588062763, -0.05907770246267319, -0.003785592969506979, 0.05033199489116669, 0.04717965051531792, 0.04764026030898094, 0.010530166327953339, 0.006500808987766504, 0.043145954608917236, -0.014455078169703484, -0.051346227526664734, -0.030785417184233665, -0.07943950593471527, -0.01830483414232731, 0.03746519982814789, -0.09241647273302078, 0.030989205464720726, -0.06327993422746658, 0.007938839495182037, -0.0005840682424604893, -0.011751127429306507, 0.0014887548750266433, 0.08269937336444855, 0.0019009107491001487, -0.027080735191702843, -0.01873188652098179, -0.02342144586145878, 0.018286319449543953, 0.02542153187096119, 0.05838651582598686, -0.010005619376897812, -0.03261749446392059, -0.02578871324658394, 0.011267189867794514, -0.0018336359644308686, -0.032486457377672195, 0.011605452746152878, -0.05526157096028328, 0.031112514436244965, 0.025032496079802513, -0.047643035650253296, 0.0696701630949974, 0.00926187913864851, 0.004381035454571247, -0.0275350883603096, 0.05209530517458916, 0.013991209678351879, -0.02511046640574932, -0.047864723950624466, 0.03873346745967865, -0.004937493242323399, -0.01704619824886322, -0.047709666192531586, 0.013663828372955322, 0.030678899958729744, -0.00945658702403307, -0.012446047738194466, 0.03995328024029732, 0.05175933986902237, 0.03925874084234238, -0.04325934126973152, 0.06298484653234482, 0.024446263909339905, 0.011953705921769142, -0.000022467544113169424, 0.027057558298110962, -0.0047149076126515865, 0.033895254135131836, -0.0462384968996048, -0.015450365841388702, -0.07300668954849243, 0.006440016906708479, 0.009687789715826511, 0.003754129633307457, -0.009357767179608345, 0.033109601587057114, 0.012588459067046642, -0.02585771307349205, -0.0708087906241417, 0.07007943093776703, -0.0020934815984219313, 0.0019835305865854025, -0.04091544449329376, -0.04937724024057388, -0.005065159406512976, -0.005685911048203707, -0.01773875206708908, 0.01298536080867052, 0.011239934712648392, 0.0020724216010421515, 0.02659549005329609, -0.005613066256046295, -0.01176979299634695, -0.06730735301971436, -0.0068039963953197, -0.02569975145161152, 0.005530268885195255, 0.002735069952905178, 0.014526497572660446, 0.024951571598649025, 0.029558993875980377, -0.048575691878795624, 0.040390029549598694, -0.013012834824621677, -0.02405688911676407, -0.019601846113801003, -0.028777435421943665, 0.02021849900484085, -0.017945313826203346, -0.0016348054632544518, 0.036010388284921646, 0.005772823933511972, -0.0137821389362216, 0.019183550029993057, -0.027295654639601707, 0.015393322333693504, -0.02866472490131855, -0.01316065900027752, -0.009577094577252865, -0.0013898925390094519, -0.059899408370256424, 0.03002838045358658, -0.057228997349739075, -0.01983966864645481, -0.07158146798610687, 0.07052109390497208, 0.012462828308343887, -0.022692052647471428, 0.028934437781572342, -0.003505899803712964, 0.10917694866657257, 0.029472200199961662, -0.0889635682106018, -0.030939914286136627, 0.011649558320641518, -0.004874079022556543, 0.02025625668466091, 0.016904141753911972, -0.00031655540806241333, 0.007285770028829575, 0.0396643728017807, -0.03339726850390434, -0.022333048284053802, 0.05433909595012665, -0.05190907418727875, -0.018060410395264626, 0.041405998170375824, 0.02719089761376381, 0.10705464333295822, -0.026833582669496536, -0.006884589325636625, -0.03167298808693886, 0.03876226022839546, -0.020420977845788002, 0.00025531777646392584, 0.000686291663441807, -0.04318351671099663, -0.05498563125729561, -0.030178869143128395, -0.028677161782979965, 0.030926838517189026, 0.0008525553857907653, 0.051947787404060364, -0.03108016587793827, -0.03197986260056496, 0.05235154926776886, -0.01446523331105709, 0.020466869696974754, 0.022149527445435524, 0.01718493551015854, 0.020813994109630585, -0.058412641286849976, -0.02977956272661686, -0.009395377710461617, 0.07769476622343063, 0.002861465560272336, 0.006123784929513931, -0.01765722595155239, -0.04702756926417351, -0.024942360818386078, 0.02509927935898304, 0.006325527559965849, 0.019307881593704224, -0.0582406185567379, 0.11017129570245743, 0.005929113831371069, -0.014239141717553139, 0.006869941018521786, 0.01304866187274456, -0.014864197932183743, 0.05643573775887489, 0.004692963790148497, -0.00925205834209919, 0.04049210250377655, -0.018506888300180435, 0.04057006165385246, 0.0004516553308349103, -0.0031483895145356655, -0.029395371675491333, -0.041736993938684464, -0.014633351936936378, 0.044440630823373795 ]
<p>What is the orbital motion where both foci are located at one point? I know that an ellipse orbit is motion with two distinct foci.</p>
g4628
[ 0.04543048143386841, 0.09026823192834854, 0.0016931458376348019, 0.06591144949197769, 0.051780689507722855, -0.018900342285633087, 0.008200529031455517, -0.0146251255646348, 0.039873700588941574, -0.015835421159863472, -0.012840515933930874, 0.01953439973294735, 0.0335954949259758, -0.038180988281965256, 0.0005251186667010188, -0.05607768893241882, 0.010753416456282139, 0.001032058848068118, 0.046695560216903687, 0.03950022533535957, 0.02688293717801571, -0.00619130302220583, -0.0013815711718052626, 0.04578894004225731, 0.008868665434420109, 0.04133075475692749, 0.028057461604475975, -0.013236800208687782, -0.07941030710935593, 0.015166115015745163, 0.06005724146962166, -0.019381346181035042, 0.05919883772730827, -0.0201010312885046, 0.013515396974980831, -0.014718490652740002, -0.0034163922537118196, -0.014858373440802097, 0.03584412857890129, 0.01715519092977047, 0.011567856185138226, -0.019795583561062813, 0.029914353042840958, -0.02956543304026127, 0.0355805940926075, -0.049512509256601334, -0.028724171221256256, -0.03963099420070648, 0.011995446868240833, -0.016570396721363068, -0.02000892348587513, 0.06822788715362549, 0.03920640051364899, -0.01798146776854992, -0.028634170070290565, 0.014844012446701527, 0.024532394483685493, 0.008399789221584797, -0.013136443682014942, 0.029727093875408173, -0.002330522984266281, 0.03674415871500969, 0.07003691047430038, 0.0017360416240990162, 0.02657119370996952, 0.02591499127447605, -0.029052237048745155, 0.05163969099521637, -0.002891364973038435, 0.0005797257763333619, -0.015414229594171047, -0.010813073255121708, -0.009558473713696003, -0.02807704173028469, -0.061128102242946625, 0.00834554061293602, 0.04477393999695778, -0.03063930757343769, 0.010836190544068813, -0.010649239644408226, -0.015282598324120045, -0.023608803749084473, 0.026402397081255913, -0.01089215837419033, 0.036581143736839294, 0.028279302641749382, -0.020878206938505173, -0.019434064626693726, -0.04473339021205902, -0.05474136397242546, 0.023125823587179184, 0.015414141118526459, 0.0362110435962677, 0.06252088397741318, -0.0008870494202710688, -0.03947969526052475, 0.001560625503771007, 0.07434617727994919, -0.005416285712271929, 0.04073292389512062, -0.03518160805106163, 0.04594928026199341, -0.012460531666874886, -0.004962952341884375, 0.08600932359695435, -0.03701221942901611, 0.007608179003000259, -0.010654921643435955, -0.01333792693912983, -0.010221416130661964, 0.017968231812119484, -0.039064791053533554, 0.03205541521310806, -0.040140796452760696, -0.02538643404841423, 0.017337562516331673, 0.0676991418004036, -0.013728586956858635, 0.04536566510796547, 0.008286533877253532, 0.03283572196960449, -0.03286303952336311, 0.014478430151939392, 0.07231713831424713, 0.023439953103661537, 0.019232213497161865, 0.036025408655405045, -0.024557730183005333, 0.029892239719629288, 0.03068985417485237, 0.054877541959285736, 0.013971906155347824, 0.014857485890388489, -0.007804648019373417, -0.01323394849896431, -0.049164071679115295, -0.004393231589347124, 0.01189988199621439, -0.0033317937050014734, -0.011289948597550392, -0.00011258903396083042, -0.023078173398971558, 0.03200601041316986, -0.048832282423973083, -0.029750360175967216, -0.06163150072097778, 0.037642404437065125, 0.011483837850391865, 0.011267260648310184, -0.01135225035250187, -0.014880119822919369, 0.06516139954328537, -0.012601830065250397, -0.03389301151037216, 0.008345278911292553, -0.03630224987864494, 0.008462936617434025, 0.011945250444114208, 0.0003814686497207731, 0.03907572105526924, 0.07806185632944107, 0.019839340820908546, 0.050211504101753235, 0.012217997573316097, -0.03334210440516472, 0.011594436131417751, -0.009328761138021946, -0.04854589328169823, 0.030563727021217346, 0.0006546168006025255, -0.0387846902012825, -0.09362886101007462, -0.011993239633738995, 0.07194513082504272, 0.011168014258146286, 0.04662288725376129, -0.00044625255395658314, -0.025720085948705673, 0.01492216344922781, 0.05122096464037895, -0.004368024878203869, 0.02901851199567318, -0.048326168209314346, 0.0552840456366539, -0.0016996638150885701, -0.030920404940843582, -0.01489411573857069, -0.017129793763160706, -0.09913666546344757, 0.003919512499123812, 0.04964907839894295, -0.04736972600221634, -0.003933091182261705, 0.015157180838286877, 0.00769036402925849, -0.004537730012089014, 0.03321027755737305, -0.02201993763446808, -0.02650497481226921, 0.02778802625834942, 0.018441859632730484, -0.05495554208755493, -0.0008348850533366203, 0.010159534402191639, -0.008959018625319004, 0.018590476363897324, 0.026407821103930473, -0.03461921960115433, -0.0027523087337613106, 0.06835287064313889, -0.03205541893839836, 0.03181298077106476, -0.006235482636839151, 0.005359833128750324, 0.0016317389672622085, 0.03209959343075752, -0.010038482956588268, -0.025912607088685036, -0.04013456404209137, -0.04275800660252571, -0.03403257578611374, 0.015345720574259758, 0.04838555306196213, -0.012687704525887966, 0.054795652627944946, -0.01459380891174078, -0.011669980362057686, -0.0314570888876915, 0.057469435036182404, 0.045307062566280365, -0.06137849763035774, 0.022143356502056122, -0.00035943780676461756, -0.02279089204967022, -0.01482896413654089, -0.029779525473713875, 0.03711532801389694, 0.02428150549530983, -0.02237815223634243, 0.00212847744114697, 0.019900403916835785, -0.024529222398996353, -0.05652078241109848, -0.02945520170032978, 0.036194950342178345, -0.042853549122810364, 0.08203795552253723, 0.04545337334275246, -0.011109388433396816, 0.04984063655138016, -0.014903574250638485, -0.02388567291200161, -0.07656844705343246, 0.020410161465406418, 0.002205566270276904, -0.0010200610850006342, -0.009080014191567898, 0.06430307775735855, -0.09350630640983582, -0.01993640325963497, -0.018514690920710564, -0.01314342487603426, 0.03072012960910797, -0.023039160296320915, -0.01921786740422249, -0.03510342165827751, 0.036523643881082535, -0.026547273620963097, 0.020894700661301613, -0.028659719973802567, -0.05195392668247223, 0.06455352902412415, 0.00979704037308693, 0.012173580937087536, -0.06252310425043106, -0.04826894775032997, -0.00405797827988863, -0.039083823561668396, -0.04221857711672783, 0.038755420595407486, 0.007697541732341051, -0.02988588996231556, -0.046173159033060074, 0.030230257660150528, 0.04512087255716324, 0.021552929654717445, 0.0055165900848805904, 0.1260712742805481, 0.013216640800237656, 0.0015040012076497078, -0.03002399392426014, 0.0419367253780365, 0.017489474266767502, -0.0022365222685039043, -0.01743478514254093, -0.015542072243988514, -0.04631248489022255, -0.016395146027207375, 0.05878583714365959, 0.025265555828809738, -0.017977768555283546, 0.016207784414291382, 0.003006962826475501, 0.05957014486193657, 0.0015121405012905598, 0.023249628022313118, -0.021285826340317726, -0.04109768941998482, -0.030359482392668724, 0.0003663430397864431, -0.016484759747982025, 0.06098802387714386, 0.006360542494803667, 0.004430441651493311, 0.013171562924981117, 0.015225042589008808, -0.005026415456086397, 0.03812553361058235, -0.010319149121642113, 0.009554293937981129, -0.03744170069694519, -0.05742926523089409, -0.01996198482811451, 0.018102791160345078, 0.04144182428717613, 0.04594099149107933, -0.001331328065134585, 0.0030054436065256596, 0.01811007410287857, -0.011451175436377525, -0.08825378865003586, 0.003502383129671216, -0.057621780782938004, 0.007459731772542, 0.019977698102593422, -0.0003644253592938185, -0.03713946416974068, 0.0038789573591202497, 0.058995138853788376, -0.01635035127401352, -0.0009628520347177982, 0.053581010550260544, -0.01862017810344696, -0.05472450703382492, 0.052739545702934265, -0.03708835691213608, 0.06686636805534363, 0.027580387890338898, 0.06309161335229874, -0.006200836971402168, -0.0029354786965996027, -0.0867246687412262, 0.004616684280335903, -0.005981992464512587, -0.03653458133339882, -0.06134886294603348, 0.003280032193288207, -0.028453394770622253, -0.014722397550940514, 0.0312671884894371, -0.007808113005012274, 0.01344969216734171, -0.006066808942705393, 0.01814008317887783, 0.04341400787234306, -0.06928695738315582, -0.04550226405262947, 0.03733077272772789, -0.012233227491378784, -0.01405760645866394, -0.03361516445875168, 0.01778126135468483, 0.017611470073461533, -0.05049288272857666, 0.07087349146604538, -0.037420254200696945, -0.007482714951038361, 0.006358965765684843, -0.012558437883853912, 0.039993420243263245, 0.02082696557044983, 0.05062565580010414, -0.036050524562597275, 0.05285672843456268, -0.015744026750326157, 0.016885051503777504, -0.05854902043938637, 0.004120565019547939, 0.03693075478076935, -0.03380291163921356, 0.07633914053440094, -0.04552863910794258, -0.007889613509178162, -0.005152881145477295, 0.06942787021398544, -0.03870203346014023, 0.07801393419504166, -0.013337154872715473, 0.001417268067598343, 0.016271252185106277, -0.014247198589146137, 0.02330382913351059, -0.04093172773718834, -0.036697424948215485, -0.05219102278351784, -0.0018851225031539798, -0.020985623821616173, 0.010252455249428749, 0.047100648283958435, 0.036919932812452316, 0.025454845279455185, 0.045468296855688095, 0.06196325272321701, 0.043946363031864166, 0.0028328190091997385, 0.043396495282649994, -0.03404441475868225, 0.025470096617937088, 0.02608310617506504, 0.02939627133309841, -0.050851061940193176, 0.14018359780311584, 0.02967252768576145, -0.04268471151590347, -0.003961256239563227, 0.058287810534238815, 0.021470792591571808, -0.007689948659390211, -0.00475718267261982, -0.025847377255558968, 0.007594119757413864, 0.020864643156528473, 0.012368031777441502, 0.036967482417821884, -0.04375196248292923, 0.02597860060632229, -0.002500114729627967, 0.022790418937802315, 0.028719553723931313, 0.024947723373770714, 0.00796671211719513, 0.00986759178340435, -0.03397918865084648, 0.007539921440184116, 0.025876395404338837, 0.018418921157717705, 0.02332756109535694, -0.030041225254535675, -0.0661788135766983, -0.042435381561517715, 0.033342257142066956, -0.016884775832295418, -0.012363957241177559, 0.04469342529773712, -0.08213852345943451, 0.006803080905228853, -0.05934784561395645, -0.011173498816788197, -0.02773280069231987, -0.03889009729027748, 0.041483331471681595, -0.025793280452489853, 0.012246871367096901, 0.04388922080397606, 0.02716987580060959, -0.021755648776888847, -0.022499723359942436, -0.005939234048128128, -0.03679981082677841, 0.02717803232371807, -0.007352306507527828, 0.03151535987854004, -0.007578526623547077, -0.00006035787737346254, 0.011456894688308239, -0.04369192197918892, 0.03264038264751434, -0.044712137430906296, 0.00042562143062241375, -0.026279088109731674, -0.037854645401239395, -0.021868348121643066, 0.016347168013453484, -0.02569105289876461, -0.019210144877433777, -0.014558065682649612, 0.0017761650960892439, -0.0510234460234642, 0.06674742698669434, 0.041382670402526855, -0.010568749159574509, 0.0027626119554042816, 0.0011115565430372953, 0.0002740478375926614, -0.003835253417491913, -0.049973729997873306, 0.013148762285709381, -0.025657348334789276, 0.01769184321165085, -0.003254811279475689, -0.021655017510056496, 0.011263021267950535, 0.014813038520514965, -0.00407028803601861, 0.04721376299858093, 0.028733063489198685, 0.05958263576030731, -0.0312007125467062, 0.001130189630202949, -0.017473889514803886, 0.0014823124511167407, -0.018007762730121613, -0.06919189542531967, -0.037168968468904495, 0.01186804473400116, 0.0020421582739800215, 0.03740913048386574, -0.017216378822922707, -0.04750250652432442, -0.030010582879185677, 0.03821972385048866, 0.05305594205856323, -0.014627759344875813, -0.012608869932591915, 0.04664290323853493, -0.0544612742960453, -0.0480356365442276, 0.04417701065540314, 0.029855595901608467, 0.06650490313768387, -0.009653895162045956, -0.0394054614007473, -0.024135373532772064, -0.037870973348617554, -0.046890657395124435, -0.03787737712264061, 0.05017394199967384, -0.04503931477665901, 0.03741687908768654, -0.014733349904417992, -0.03265532851219177, -0.028637675568461418, -0.008497613482177258, 0.046920232474803925, -0.10609018057584763, 0.002790615428239107, -0.03404443711042404, 0.029031703248620033, 0.02069668471813202, -0.02511436492204666, 0.0009709911537356675, 0.016202954575419426, 0.014122827909886837, -0.00891000684350729, -0.018889974802732468, 0.11130443215370178, -0.04018944501876831, 0.013104368932545185, -0.025346806272864342, -0.05897616222500801, -0.005598000250756741, -0.015163877978920937, 0.08291638642549515, 0.02238508313894272, 0.021815279498696327, -0.060371920466423035, -0.04381083324551582, -0.019254397600889206, 0.01435747928917408, 0.009945405647158623, 0.004114109091460705, -0.016891032457351685, -0.07262667268514633, 0.024256158620119095, 0.053353555500507355, 0.011801524087786674, 0.012216570787131786, 0.010471357963979244, -0.0300873015075922, -0.0003302671539131552, 0.0186654943972826, 0.057983171194791794, 0.005543798208236694, -0.005838375072926283, -0.06500282138586044, 0.07435546815395355, -0.03478335216641426, -0.03822151571512222, -0.0292009599506855, 0.042350444942712784, 0.024085287004709244, -0.012626158073544502, -0.062116362154483795, -0.0009428206249140203, -0.03255428373813629, 0.051888998597860336, -0.04273562133312225, 0.08251805603504181, 0.0049476963467895985, 0.033072248101234436, -0.0014351306017488241, 0.009385459125041962, 0.06548430025577545, -0.015452836640179157, -0.06130673736333847, 0.06100989133119583, -0.0014677809085696936, -0.0199738796800375, -0.013602811843156815, -0.0038517809007316828, 0.011188321746885777, -0.037760283797979355, -0.017247747629880905, -0.034116070717573166, -0.05779244005680084, 0.009974691085517406, -0.062482334673404694, -0.02032686583697796, -0.011374227702617645, -0.0164923258125782, 0.003544959705322981, -0.044432852417230606, -0.05364902690052986, -0.0009120878530666232, -0.01697978936135769, 0.04492197185754776, -0.035690873861312866, -0.02106321230530739, 0.016065141186118126, -0.029908081516623497, 0.007882269099354744, -0.04721863195300102, -0.01597878523170948, 0.02929512970149517, 0.00590720446780324, -0.004121043719351292, -0.09312346577644348, 0.05262037366628647, -0.013946850784122944, -0.00943795032799244, 0.07228212058544159, 0.010605324059724808, -0.04243112727999687, 0.01792113296687603, -0.049579065293073654, 0.000498100824188441, 0.017556609585881233, 0.005005725659430027, -0.052404001355171204, 0.006519049871712923, -0.011712891049683094, -0.04725205525755882, -0.033977754414081573, 0.037681449204683304, -0.018034841865301132, 0.012216977775096893, -0.005124002229422331, -0.01940414309501648, -0.013928474858403206, -0.025831976905465126, -0.03378094732761383, 0.001498471014201641, -0.06566470116376877, 0.009021151810884476, 0.0036535041872411966, -0.052172329276800156, -0.029654081910848618, -0.031849537044763565, -0.06667865812778473, -0.03597419336438179, -0.039998751133680344, 0.029393548145890236, -0.050210487097501755, 0.03283664211630821, -0.042857371270656586, -0.0175403393805027, -0.006074446253478527, 0.004697282332926989, -0.021127047017216682, -0.015639277175068855, -0.026819728314876556, 0.031650785356760025, 0.004422174300998449, -0.0021182142663747072, -0.031126148998737335, 0.019565347582101822, -0.006637377664446831, -0.046462249010801315, -0.02143940143287182, -0.03711189329624176, 0.003382293973118067, 0.10088380426168442, -0.008332774043083191, -0.042255863547325134, -0.03819016367197037, 0.048646192997694016, 0.03719435632228851, 0.011355357244610786, -0.025060197338461876, 0.00984276831150055, 0.009714067913591862, 0.019793203100562096, 0.005515224765986204, 0.052339449524879456, 0.010430603288114071, -0.0352393202483654, 0.01750972680747509, -0.014868819154798985, 0.0038132336921989918, 0.05846978724002838, -0.011862963438034058, 0.03573155030608177, -0.0020953344646841288, -0.03308480978012085, -0.015913445502519608, -0.0249638669192791, -0.007256877142935991, 0.061006274074316025, 0.04049965366721153, 0.07921809703111649, 0.018087051808834076, -0.04033679887652397, -0.013290469534695148, -0.08325641602277756, -0.011210986413061619, -0.022710468620061874, 0.06053568050265312, -0.0609021857380867, 0.10759769380092621, -0.016044611111283302, 0.04086625948548317, -0.0025123252999037504, -0.015086117200553417, 0.024209272116422653, -0.011030741035938263, 0.008613905869424343, -0.046868663281202316, -0.0954924151301384, -0.023986827582120895, 0.033991944044828415, -0.028108293190598488, -0.0224240031093359, -0.004295422229915857, -0.0033479039557278156, -0.028558118268847466, -0.008298773318529129, 0.02029815874993801, 0.03832269087433815, 0.050317175686359406, 0.002410094253718853, -0.01955314725637436, -0.01009749248623848, -0.03938198462128639, 0.039709486067295074, 0.038236457854509354, 0.006773835513740778, -0.04376444220542908, 0.030810946598649025, -0.06933148205280304, -0.0035556312650442123, -0.035680100321769714, 0.02132745459675789, 0.047767240554094315, -0.0074991947039961815, -0.07587296515703201, 0.017170608043670654, -0.028177505359053612, 0.06077958643436432 ]
<p>I have this problem:</p> <p>A 4.0 kg block is given an initial speed of 8.0 m/s at the bottom of a 20° incline. The frictional force that retards its motion is 15.0 N. (a) If the block is directed up the incline, how far does it move before stopping? (b)Will it slide back down the incline? </p> <p>I've managed to get part (a) which was 4.51m but I'm not sure how to start part (b)..</p> <p>The coefficient of Kinetic Friction was 0.407</p> <p>Any ideas?</p>
g4629
[ 0.06765516102313995, 0.015929043292999268, 0.0071396962739527225, 0.044107306748628616, 0.05106406286358833, 0.0074964542873203754, 0.09111097455024719, 0.03048839420080185, -0.052332695573568344, 0.01484143827110529, -0.028035078197717667, 0.03619002550840378, -0.017549943178892136, -0.015040983445942402, 0.008427967317402363, 0.06108313426375389, 0.07604029774665833, -0.03472515568137169, 0.031346458941698074, 0.04309098795056343, -0.02961636148393154, 0.011557693593204021, -0.06183721125125885, -0.06579545140266418, 0.036807674914598465, 0.001158737693913281, 0.028189154341816902, -0.03765040263533592, -0.036596424877643585, 0.031533967703580856, -0.029971998184919357, -0.03676925599575043, -0.010507602244615555, -0.032001644372940063, -0.03205070644617081, 0.046543318778276443, 0.09266994893550873, -0.014487084932625294, -0.031345441937446594, -0.024450046941637993, 0.04975288361310959, -0.05628492683172226, 0.027463896200060844, 0.0023436457850039005, 0.009601918049156666, 0.024424243718385696, -0.0024341384414583445, -0.00744158960878849, -0.024950772523880005, 0.055000804364681244, -0.024254200980067253, 0.05018261820077896, 0.01674901880323887, -0.0050950790755450726, -0.0808938667178154, 0.003892140928655863, 0.021189922466874123, -0.022067196667194366, -0.005455261096358299, 0.01215170044451952, -0.0325881689786911, -0.022615566849708557, 0.04065009579062462, -0.07959552109241486, 0.05987923592329025, -0.049768660217523575, -0.055743563920259476, 0.03587248921394348, 0.006521994713693857, 0.026558110490441322, -0.04240310564637184, 0.024836277589201927, 0.030472343787550926, -0.026895558461546898, -0.0696415975689888, -0.018555983901023865, 0.05576469376683235, -0.015914572402834892, 0.046548161655664444, 0.014487194828689098, -0.05768662691116333, 0.0945102646946907, 0.04119729995727539, -0.02711724117398262, 0.056390076875686646, 0.014334491454064846, -0.0032227805349975824, 0.06201180815696716, -0.07677340507507324, -0.009125152602791786, -0.007210288662463427, -0.024127589538693428, 0.03871644660830498, 0.04662507772445679, 0.029611647129058838, -0.059681300073862076, -0.0637335553765297, 0.09128063172101974, 0.031991828233003616, 0.0017112947534769773, -0.0067229922860860825, -0.042842961847782135, 0.02829664945602417, -0.038593173027038574, 0.007238373626023531, -0.035967737436294556, 0.0023933411575853825, -0.030170058831572533, -0.008984978310763836, -0.0010280876886099577, 0.018629388883709908, -0.06753576546907425, -0.06815817207098007, -0.08659417182207108, 0.009525648318231106, -0.049965787678956985, -0.011732975952327251, 0.042406417429447174, -0.03941846638917923, 0.017755810171365738, -0.03981456905603409, 0.011980777606368065, -0.007053948938846588, 0.03379344940185547, -0.0013591240858659148, -0.01519072987139225, -0.0032210382632911205, -0.006438146345317364, 0.0407986082136631, 0.023586707189679146, 0.0031213804613798857, 0.046109575778245926, -0.008607485331594944, -0.01768391951918602, -0.027410348877310753, 0.04854881390929222, -0.02346114069223404, 0.04934850335121155, -0.015528966672718525, 0.0025077161844819784, -0.011977390386164188, -0.017668720334768295, 0.05112234130501747, -0.013116411864757538, -0.03593752533197403, -0.013391365297138691, 0.015591401606798172, 0.0020713259000331163, 0.06078943610191345, -0.026408925652503967, 0.009134238585829735, 0.027202611789107323, -0.016781823709607124, -0.0270392969250679, 0.06444229930639267, -0.016190750524401665, 0.07590147107839584, 0.05720595642924309, 0.03505459427833557, -0.03657027333974838, 0.02205510064959526, -0.0343359038233757, 0.041682180017232895, -0.03221867233514786, -0.0662766695022583, 0.024906810373067856, -0.04776739329099655, -0.02785162441432476, 0.0438358299434185, -0.020744848996400833, -0.07630185782909393, -0.012797627598047256, 0.019267041236162186, 0.036059074103832245, -0.048838041722774506, 0.05228140950202942, 0.08108904212713242, 0.018339091911911964, -0.029858412221074104, 0.03836201876401901, 0.051703061908483505, -0.025275006890296936, 0.09023867547512054, 0.05780545622110367, -0.013821398839354515, 0.018265027552843094, 0.024231554940342903, 0.03715778887271881, -0.03751135244965553, -0.07148134708404541, 0.05545816943049431, -0.004952789284288883, -0.02153148129582405, -0.016546741127967834, -0.02410147152841091, 0.03021100163459778, -0.013869070447981358, -0.05307408422231674, 0.024225184693932533, 0.004664323758333921, 0.04586515948176384, 0.02521802857518196, 0.01977444626390934, 0.03204258531332016, -0.02530692331492901, -0.037095945328474045, 0.0010610935278236866, 0.024945225566625595, -0.005293224006891251, 0.002298555104061961, 0.047780074179172516, 0.031215965747833252, -0.07248289883136749, 0.0419880710542202, -0.003938267473131418, -0.043997351080179214, 0.0657772421836853, 0.006604112219065428, -0.02263111062347889, -0.03282979875802994, -0.06721026450395584, -0.004290572367608547, -0.041664768010377884, -0.0027865448500961065, -0.004987669177353382, -0.04037761688232422, -0.023847952485084534, -0.057500481605529785, -0.007296175695955753, 0.018342673778533936, -0.031807344406843185, -0.009041146375238895, -0.025751667097210884, -0.06415528059005737, 0.07710941135883331, 0.061463672667741776, 0.015894168987870216, 0.017616013064980507, -0.009598808363080025, -0.03772031143307686, 0.028422711417078972, -0.02648945339024067, 0.010296745225787163, -0.07212845236063004, 0.017055917531251907, -0.033823784440755844, 0.037356600165367126, 0.008207246661186218, 0.0011624005855992436, 0.032916683703660965, 0.004081518389284611, -0.045081764459609985, -0.04131597280502319, 0.05402974411845207, 0.0010200196411460638, 0.027493134140968323, -0.06299535185098648, 0.02371247671544552, -0.0017731515690684319, -0.05425264686346054, -0.03529641777276993, 0.015596841461956501, -0.02943677268922329, 0.047594476491212845, -0.055478911846876144, 0.004235955886542797, -0.07858922332525253, -0.03200123831629753, 0.06426522135734558, 0.03518134355545044, -0.012344651855528355, -0.01469440944492817, 0.017634673044085503, 0.05928795412182808, -0.013460062444210052, -0.0300665944814682, 0.0039012576453387737, -0.023354317992925644, -0.030856570228934288, 0.027317533269524574, 0.02696741372346878, 0.0278267040848732, -0.02395789697766304, -0.012008140794932842, 0.024137988686561584, -0.02567976899445057, 0.019949978217482567, 0.06216488778591156, -0.0689295083284378, -0.004145363811403513, -0.0434899665415287, 0.057921115309000015, 0.08441636711359024, 0.06956200301647186, 0.0388309471309185, 0.07790829241275787, 0.019553977996110916, -0.08712669461965561, -0.026830554008483887, -0.025026876479387283, 0.024516241624951363, -0.05729766562581062, 0.0015330874593928456, -0.02544005587697029, -0.008212585933506489, -0.016698351129889488, -0.005988901015371084, -0.014957823790609837, 0.009973336942493916, 0.013396412134170532, 0.004167700652033091, 0.01916263997554779, -0.03170539811253548, -0.01975814253091812, -0.020365586504340172, -0.03642762452363968, 0.05603555962443352, 0.01737663894891739, 0.04630750045180321, 0.013109974563121796, -0.02432207763195038, -0.07039041072130203, -0.004504552576690912, 0.0472550168633461, 0.040678899735212326, 0.02174607291817665, -0.05379295349121094, 0.012838974595069885, 0.001238285913132131, 0.0032452745363116264, 0.0029102482367306948, 0.07762207090854645, -0.014922158792614937, -0.010242050513625145, 0.032215818762779236, -0.004687564913183451, -0.0008817415800876915, 0.01056300662457943, 0.0066045853309333324, 0.00915928091853857, -0.033300116658210754, 0.010214153677225113, 0.007558137644082308, 0.013287311419844627, -0.0439598374068737, 0.015836229547858238, 0.01015964150428772, -0.012251120060682297, -0.07930480688810349, -0.0032357284799218178, 0.04847615957260132, -0.03418712690472603, 0.0017588549526408315, 0.006861139554530382, 0.00993379671126604, 0.008834760636091232, 0.03221508488059044, 0.012093503028154373, -0.045062921941280365, -0.026617946103215218, 0.004137026146054268, -0.02106064185500145, -0.017744800075888634, 0.06653106212615967, 0.011496749706566334, 0.02660851925611496, -0.02829582244157791, 0.032925598323345184, -0.03295363858342171, -0.006707106716930866, -0.012126433663070202, -0.059015385806560516, -0.006776320748031139, -0.0271074827760458, -0.004662077408283949, -0.0042756046168506145, 0.02431151084601879, -0.007770990487188101, 0.018040645867586136, 0.05465447157621384, -0.00017944617138709873, 0.036754805594682693, -0.024748001247644424, -0.008885164745151997, 0.015020730905234814, 0.09225260466337204, -0.03667234256863594, -0.03813851252198219, 0.06651844829320908, 0.009675734676420689, 0.01717529445886612, -0.0022411616519093513, -0.0013034394942224026, 0.014009775593876839, 0.010105784982442856, 0.010463006794452667, 0.0480443611741066, 0.035598766058683395, -0.010921195149421692, -0.008699946105480194, -0.004496324807405472, 0.025071049109101295, -0.02459002658724785, 0.06611692160367966, -0.03028988465666771, 0.03780459985136986, 0.03668856993317604, -0.016204454004764557, 0.03983855992555618, -0.015258576720952988, -0.016793521121144295, -0.03820757567882538, -0.067802295088768, 0.0032355610746890306, -0.014482864178717136, 0.00902082584798336, 0.003788172733038664, 0.07511503994464874, 0.0218467079102993, 0.007338743191212416, -0.04179219901561737, 0.05174519866704941, -0.004989199806004763, -0.026698339730501175, 0.016826331615447998, -0.02284161187708378, 0.022286852821707726, 0.013421043753623962, -0.009161524474620819, 0.024784566834568977, -0.030798031017184258, 0.012117891572415829, -0.026786228641867638, -0.028709016740322113, -0.024491727352142334, 0.052605144679546356, 0.0443943589925766, 0.013407849706709385, 0.00008077617530943826, 0.055000510066747665, 0.0025971506256610155, 0.048790767788887024, -0.00906255654990673, 0.005899739917367697, 0.004982132464647293, 0.02748785726726055, -0.01755017414689064, -0.046852096915245056, 0.02188057452440262, -0.02344047836959362, 0.02006755769252777, 0.0179299246519804, -0.04596811160445213, 0.003632831620052457, -0.01869785599410534, 0.059723131358623505, 0.006050811614841223, 0.015472677536308765, -0.04731925204396248, 0.012801882810890675, 0.07113077491521835, -0.008278685621917248, -0.014719481579959393, -0.05173932760953903, -0.07327382266521454, -0.04395380988717079, 0.059806011617183685, 0.004573917016386986, -0.03871586173772812, 0.02202172391116619, 0.05806262418627739, -0.03649388626217842, -0.004082691390067339, 0.0671456977725029, -0.0061161271296441555, 0.060375507920980453, 0.022977381944656372, 0.062162332236766815, 0.0733368918299675, -0.036349598318338394, -0.022571008652448654, 0.012632093392312527, 0.02916041761636734, -0.011062836274504662, 0.00016399839660152793, -0.06014099717140198, -0.04324343800544739, -0.015972614288330078, 0.08110905438661575, -0.030583785846829414, 0.028880633413791656, 0.05007718503475189, -0.030388953164219856, -0.021515166386961937, -0.049979452043771744, 0.021358560770750046, -0.0036726261023432016, 0.05635451897978783, 0.05918942019343376, 0.04343261569738388, -0.00995238684117794, 0.007947335951030254, 0.016602717339992523, 0.004143455531448126, 0.01429697684943676, 0.010933979414403439, 0.03404373303055763, -0.0386771596968174, -0.0017125032609328628, 0.04304968938231468, -0.025641383603215218, 0.06340669840574265, 0.03985957056283951, -0.004662231542170048, -0.028443792834877968, -0.022468365728855133, 0.019562024623155594, 0.014237882569432259, -0.056642256677150726, -0.025134291499853134, 0.03928772732615471, -0.038668859750032425, -0.0033254812005907297, -0.00644152145832777, -0.04875798523426056, -0.02721872180700302, -0.04722133278846741, 0.004644641652703285, -0.09174084663391113, 0.005709851626306772, 0.01013198308646679, -0.03310316056013107, 0.059419918805360794, -0.0062268637120723724, -0.006560876965522766, -0.04412166029214859, 0.06127481162548065, -0.07124098390340805, -0.009452196769416332, -0.019084012135863304, -0.02937489002943039, -0.0008841944509185851, -0.00352788926102221, -0.005522442515939474, 0.00863649882376194, -0.00800306349992752, -0.02836080826818943, -0.010838985443115234, 0.02400084398686886, -0.0319800041615963, 0.026354772970080376, 0.007010600063949823, -0.012132269330322742, 0.014165125787258148, -0.06992176920175552, 0.007806751877069473, 0.015789572149515152, 0.016113657504320145, -0.012407842092216015, -0.05913433060050011, 0.05412508174777031, -0.01013200730085373, 0.00984561163932085, 0.03701629117131233, -0.007596008479595184, -0.0794026255607605, -0.018651457503437996, 0.028552953153848648, 0.07722920924425125, -0.001195299788378179, 0.008713604882359505, 0.006353245582431555, -0.03273085877299309, 0.05285436660051346, 0.04609069600701332, 0.03836788982152939, -0.0738755464553833, -0.012746860273182392, 0.008264042437076569, 0.04657387733459473, -0.04113450646400452, 0.013750509358942509, 0.015047090128064156, -0.056547291576862335, -0.048593372106552124, 0.020619625225663185, -0.04597175866365433, -0.03742413967847824, 0.009928128682076931, -0.03560720384120941, 0.020455671474337578, 0.0363248772919178, -0.020528025925159454, 0.008236769586801529, -0.03097202256321907, -0.021220818161964417, -0.02039424702525139, 0.018411245197057724, -0.01591598056256771, 0.017932172864675522, 0.018474359065294266, 0.0024135750718414783, 0.021893639117479324, -0.005641302093863487, -0.025676466524600983, 0.011752703227102757, 0.004400104749947786, 0.03288528695702553, 0.05715976655483246, -0.009910823777318, 0.027204105630517006, 0.04337778687477112, 0.0005111751379445195, -0.013292982243001461, -0.01934674009680748, 0.041751451790332794, 0.053815316408872604, -0.009995272383093834, -0.05667334794998169, -0.027966611087322235, 0.057776838541030884, 0.02592947520315647, 0.06269843876361847, -0.03876211866736412, -0.029716141521930695, -0.011405630968511105, -0.027578305453062057, 0.021723506972193718, 0.019069841131567955, 0.022767649963498116, 0.026457177475094795, -0.050283052027225494, -0.05623362958431244, 0.015664417296648026, -0.004488283768296242, 0.028753308579325676, -0.05351850762963295, 0.05082433298230171, 0.012991887517273426, 0.019662931561470032, 0.04467799887061119, -0.01568596437573433, -0.07257094234228134, 0.01652880571782589, 0.0055567435920238495, -0.04206479713320732, 0.015238117426633835, 0.04577242583036423, -0.006270189303904772, -0.03228406608104706, 0.002935432828962803, 0.001379130408167839, 0.002641736064106226, -0.011177117936313152, -0.06864806264638901, 0.01100002322345972, 0.02787121757864952, -0.005180438980460167, 0.07084107398986816, 0.040922652930021286, -0.012369915843009949, -0.07324333488941193, 0.016197582706809044, 0.003289559856057167, -0.07834554463624954, 0.022221071645617485, -0.03371540829539299, 0.06351493299007416, -0.003069784492254257, -0.03566322103142738, -0.0436844602227211, -0.0813223347067833, -0.0112893246114254, 0.026272734627127647, -0.022703276947140694, 0.05864720791578293, 0.013590876013040543, 0.005752190016210079, -0.02563459798693657, -0.0004658913239836693, 0.03131956607103348, 0.025418555364012718, -0.005912493448704481, -0.02349591627717018, -0.012390250340104103, -0.011845206841826439, -0.005403890740126371, -0.000052005922043463215, 0.03698307275772095, 0.007485642563551664, -0.025151079520583153, 0.08505246043205261, -0.023602236062288284, -0.051313865929841995, 0.003542265621945262, 0.0006628049304708838, -0.006857739295810461, -0.021831464022397995, -0.05010044947266579, 0.00881006196141243, -0.012969101779162884, -0.009167307056486607, -0.02021859399974346, 0.04138137400150299, -0.031551260501146317, 0.0020954206120222807, -0.018306471407413483, -0.018839159980416298, -0.059689961373806, -0.000524156610481441, 0.00902284774929285, 0.02682235836982727, -0.0006029856158420444, 0.002311582211405039, 0.02406986430287361, 0.03479897230863571, -0.04067671298980713, -0.024920757859945297, 0.006034496705979109, -0.036644089967012405, -0.05834856629371643, 0.022795353084802628, -0.008973103947937489, -0.052518606185913086, -0.012368030846118927, -0.08429953455924988, -0.023315854370594025, 0.013607736676931381, -0.03202235326170921, -0.025970252230763435, -0.00025539929629303515, 0.009420203045010567, -0.023473357781767845, 0.011586619541049004, 0.0033402591943740845, -0.0174054354429245, 0.01829957216978073, -0.023576147854328156, 0.024383876472711563, 0.049508679658174515, -0.06700129806995392, -0.024097679182887077, -0.0443054735660553, 0.03277460113167763, 0.021212687715888023, -0.0024010506458580494, 0.003925327677279711, 0.053048908710479736, -0.0041830893605947495, -0.028246842324733734, 0.007580211386084557, -0.005889077205210924, 0.017321722581982613, -0.014237366616725922, -0.03883492574095726, -0.03593697398900986, -0.04519348964095116, 0.029241858050227165, -0.052475519478321075, -0.025067253038287163, 0.0008819673676043749, -0.020708132535219193, -0.005425870418548584, -0.031984731554985046, 0.002970120869576931, -0.05289153382182121, -0.011896978132426739, -0.004994972143322229 ]
<p>I have been told that trasverse wave propogates by the oscillation of medium particles in direction perpendicular to propogation.</p> <p>Consider a wave on a taught string (x-y plane). What is the mechanism of movement of the same sinosudial function along the string?</p> <p>Suppose we start moving the particle on one end sinosudialy the how come the next particle also moves sinosudialy? How does elastic force between them does this work? If we displace the particle, there is some elastic force developed which is at some angle with horizontal so the next particle should move at some angle and its vertical displacement should be less than the previous one. </p> <p>So how come in a propogating wave all particle rise to the same height?</p>
g4630
[ 0.04817916080355644, 0.02382776327431202, -0.005623837001621723, -0.021678678691387177, 0.04867786914110184, 0.038068145513534546, 0.03511405363678932, 0.003392381127923727, 0.0035499955993145704, -0.04153764247894287, -0.017006583511829376, 0.02389044128358364, 0.04547806829214096, -0.026051247492432594, 0.026093538850545883, -0.01005554012954235, 0.06466768682003021, -0.02099115587770939, 0.000443033262854442, 0.024049809202551842, -0.016337310895323753, 0.017008114606142044, 0.004759000614285469, -0.024563731625676155, -0.024752162396907806, 0.016045941039919853, 0.0020648655481636524, -0.048233311623334885, 0.03154637664556503, -0.009135570377111435, 0.06988725811243057, -0.024755185469985008, 0.08220832794904709, -0.03458143398165703, -0.002367535140365362, 0.001862996956333518, -0.006681391038000584, 0.0014308701502159238, 0.004173568449914455, 0.04758699610829353, -0.016287799924612045, -0.07601403445005417, -0.00386502081528306, -0.0262738186866045, 0.02887316420674324, -0.023950748145580292, -0.012648709118366241, 0.016283243894577026, -0.021861517801880836, -0.03969960659742355, -0.028404951095581055, -0.02895462140440941, -0.013100840151309967, 0.04299402981996536, 0.016461871564388275, 0.05500025674700737, 0.04570437967777252, -0.04293123632669449, 0.044116608798503876, 0.010497544892132282, 0.004323746543377638, 0.06276659667491913, 0.04227537289261818, 0.030471956357359886, 0.0507289320230484, -0.0725337341427803, -0.07318249344825745, 0.07214219868183136, -0.0016928848344832659, 0.026097342371940613, 0.026370853185653687, -0.05535966902971268, 0.00879316870123148, -0.05663464590907097, -0.04631548002362251, -0.020419416949152946, 0.009847905486822128, -0.020989367738366127, -0.050496380776166916, -0.002354480791836977, -0.013424929231405258, -0.0391925647854805, 0.03637801483273506, -0.015010116621851921, 0.03871298208832741, -0.05733833834528923, 0.00479773199185729, 0.04937801510095596, -0.04267216473817825, 0.027504930272698402, 0.015962544828653336, -0.038729093968868256, 0.06605742126703262, 0.047682810574769974, -0.024712679907679558, -0.06673125922679901, -0.0919518768787384, 0.13003219664096832, -0.023479653522372246, -0.013382012024521828, -0.007203593384474516, -0.0041886623948812485, 0.04748174548149109, -0.007365910802036524, 0.02594703435897827, 0.02068367972970009, 0.05705602839589119, -0.003380092093721032, -0.021892718970775604, -0.035129185765981674, -0.030469024553894997, -0.03023301064968109, -0.06695245951414108, -0.08092313259840012, -0.01315165963023901, -0.033070895820856094, 0.036271944642066956, 0.04568174481391907, 0.06159773841500282, 0.06117856875061989, -0.05652065575122833, -0.030184302479028702, -0.009206987917423248, 0.04851653426885605, -0.007597700227051973, 0.000046433120587607846, 0.01572086289525032, -0.01428915560245514, -0.02361404150724411, -0.009218035265803337, 0.04558946192264557, 0.003736605402082205, -0.05568215250968933, -0.021499255672097206, 0.018492845818400383, -0.031012972816824913, -0.02728302963078022, -0.00018867678591050208, 0.02386324107646942, -0.007015622686594725, -0.01621600054204464, -0.04583415761590004, 0.03953411430120468, -0.04058810696005821, -0.015639733523130417, 0.01369045302271843, 0.023351214826107025, -0.012679316103458405, -0.0021533311810344458, -0.023752260953187943, -0.001221533166244626, 0.09251090884208679, 0.040682464838027954, -0.005577786359935999, 0.03131965547800064, -0.040255576372146606, 0.08625952154397964, -0.01301359012722969, -0.008496414870023727, -0.025560855865478516, 0.06606375426054001, -0.038027409464120865, 0.007247346919029951, 0.045736175030469894, -0.07635857164859772, 0.04365235194563866, 0.00110807444434613, -0.05046109855175018, 0.013949520885944366, 0.019216502085328102, -0.04949231073260307, -0.011500156484544277, -0.01892656460404396, 0.030769065022468567, 0.005740727763622999, 0.09990975260734558, 0.004323488101363182, -0.06730087846517563, 0.019211437553167343, 0.013648093678057194, 0.0010917545296251774, -0.016062859445810318, -0.02287319488823414, -0.01068166084587574, 0.008170385845005512, 0.003806200809776783, -0.022856634110212326, 0.017723221331834793, -0.0372123122215271, 0.04203225299715996, -0.0533740259706974, -0.007096778601408005, -0.01229995395988226, 0.011437942273914814, -0.002966444008052349, -0.05641474947333336, -0.005791595205664635, -0.024177568033337593, -0.014940882101655006, -0.009603062644600868, 0.008889766409993172, 0.05653436854481697, 0.09968387335538864, -0.06279709190130234, 0.029464097693562508, -0.015843292698264122, 0.0004437400493770838, -0.012176373042166233, 0.01887122541666031, 0.02781854197382927, -0.0024961051531136036, 0.009706709533929825, 0.01738738641142845, -0.01336742751300335, -0.03011457808315754, -0.021426493301987648, 0.009390125051140785, -0.01931115984916687, -0.0022722373250871897, 0.016117138788104057, -0.017853328958153725, -0.02658110111951828, 0.007546863052994013, 0.017494874075055122, -0.02636326476931572, -0.020481035113334656, -0.006755741313099861, 0.009623563848435879, -0.015684938058257103, 0.05453760176897049, -0.03312138468027115, -0.010706780478358269, 0.03528711944818497, -0.05216429755091667, 0.06246763840317726, 0.014489775523543358, 0.027433481067419052, 0.010571873746812344, 0.03588271886110306, -0.021641451865434647, 0.036481823772192, -0.03734307363629341, -0.011846124194562435, -0.010008499026298523, 0.051629893481731415, -0.04026085510849953, 0.07370200753211975, -0.011603129096329212, -0.011443144641816616, 0.022096112370491028, 0.08110874146223068, -0.04237768054008484, -0.04944661632180214, 0.041849635541439056, 0.015870321542024612, -0.025906676426529884, -0.04544062912464142, 0.010440627112984657, 0.0528181791305542, -0.06231812387704849, 0.0030061525758355856, 0.010989919304847717, 0.0609324611723423, 0.0056635853834450245, -0.08277107775211334, 0.01949225924909115, 0.012381978332996368, 0.01407624315470457, -0.03959234803915024, -0.027341779321432114, -0.012676460668444633, 0.020712489262223244, -0.002251426689326763, 0.031324733048677444, -0.0345769077539444, 0.04901989921927452, 0.023418575525283813, -0.035504117608070374, -0.028076499700546265, -0.030518028885126114, -0.004214372020214796, 0.004083066713064909, -0.039236828684806824, -0.016483385115861893, 0.05453282967209816, -0.04185543209314346, 0.0025779753923416138, -0.027887724339962006, -0.048223067075014114, -0.007493633311241865, -0.05044640228152275, -0.0017932840855792165, 0.06627065688371658, 0.04653060436248779, -0.004104884807020426, 0.05197661370038986, -0.004449945874512196, -0.03806202486157417, -0.015147790312767029, 0.014872092753648758, -0.07177936285734177, -0.06693881005048752, 0.019651129841804504, -0.016797343268990517, 0.038028378039598465, 0.020199017599225044, 0.03706749156117439, -0.04236350581049919, -0.014600192196667194, 0.04088018462061882, 0.024119704961776733, 0.034212276339530945, -0.022753672674298286, -0.024099886417388916, -0.044508714228868484, -0.017583182081580162, -0.036200329661369324, -0.011267416179180145, 0.008566380478441715, 0.07293026149272919, -0.06269372999668121, -0.054696403443813324, 0.019923338666558266, -0.003436542581766844, 0.008902627974748611, 0.020488141104578972, -0.020322853699326515, 0.05201193690299988, -0.07765943557024002, -0.019796378910541534, 0.014523624442517757, 0.030308878049254417, -0.0334322415292263, -0.02501402236521244, 0.0584363155066967, -0.028618086129426956, 0.016352474689483643, -0.023275630548596382, 0.05037568882107735, 0.04739983379840851, -0.029480841010808945, -0.032982099801301956, 0.012953581288456917, 0.005083103198558092, -0.005623426754027605, 0.03583220764994621, -0.004655451513826847, 0.02216416969895363, 0.04183698818087578, -0.009879427030682564, 0.018575089052319527, 0.026452695950865746, -0.03673911467194557, -0.007373791188001633, 0.01482450868934393, 0.055497895926237106, 0.08867613226175308, 0.032086342573165894, 0.0020262659527361393, -0.03063792735338211, 0.025644706562161446, 0.007186415139585733, -0.01860666275024414, 0.05829951539635658, 0.007755243685096502, 0.004598398692905903, 0.017318150028586388, 0.020406704396009445, -0.022286102175712585, 0.01927311345934868, -0.03265589475631714, -0.08707509934902191, -0.033161863684654236, -0.037401869893074036, -0.0283307246863842, -0.01308615505695343, 0.014253241010010242, -0.024350225925445557, -0.03997674211859703, 0.04022987559437752, -0.01909652352333069, -0.010350609198212624, 0.015716781839728355, -0.005024310201406479, -0.00811727810651064, 0.09420982748270035, -0.02358507178723812, 0.03503520041704178, 0.026890601962804794, -0.02525968849658966, 0.02242249622941017, -0.06776667386293411, -0.009977278299629688, 0.003258215030655265, 0.062245823442935944, -0.02174176089465618, 0.019877683371305466, 0.012616935186088085, 0.020059846341609955, -0.03438865765929222, -0.0039721643552184105, 0.020198285579681396, -0.019757919013500214, -0.02480662800371647, -0.06304092705249786, 0.06758848577737808, 0.04098273813724518, -0.009364255703985691, -0.012895428575575352, -0.02013264410197735, 0.034133341163396835, 0.007031007669866085, -0.024373680353164673, -0.05631112679839134, -0.025171153247356415, 0.002695841947570443, 0.08506540954113007, 0.03773079067468643, -0.03343774378299713, 0.0027768185827881098, 0.06531219929456711, 0.11190246045589447, 0.018826136365532875, 0.003998108673840761, -0.025387972593307495, 0.09755425155162811, 0.027769573032855988, -0.008325514383614063, -0.022799087688326836, -0.06394565850496292, -0.05253681167960167, 0.02757338248193264, 0.023655617609620094, 0.025761820375919342, -0.054856810718774796, 0.003405103925615549, 0.028583263978362083, -0.01080702617764473, 0.03099718689918518, -0.010788097977638245, 0.07422544062137604, -0.0019384827464818954, -0.03895191475749016, -0.01721891015768051, -0.013497653417289257, 0.0063044968992471695, -0.01697598397731781, -0.06163487583398819, -0.04684709757566452, -0.060221027582883835, 0.004133362323045731, 0.06120533123612404, -0.039497461169958115, -0.03405050188302994, 0.028474919497966766, -0.0124762412160635, 0.0054381792433559895, 0.0036305978428572416, -0.029066937044262886, -0.08095359802246094, -0.0388762466609478, -0.01286905538290739, 0.002498013898730278, 0.003872312605381012, 0.0199434794485569, -0.040018294006586075, -0.019472341984510422, -0.03237331286072731, -0.033472102135419846, 0.055624980479478836, 0.05545919016003609, -0.023078860715031624, 0.036454953253269196, 0.03358551114797592, -0.011444924399256706, -0.012506023980677128, -0.030827721580863, -0.026800159364938736, 0.037078164517879486, -0.033048976212739944, -0.003542800433933735, -0.0011232999386265874, -0.010071923956274986, -0.029255889356136322, -0.047403041273355484, -0.0766477957367897, -0.06689651310443878, 0.01620715670287609, 0.018047049641609192, -0.0060196006670594215, 0.027455534785985947, -0.027805043384432793, -0.028069404885172844, -0.027545787394046783, -0.01403076108545065, -0.03988742455840111, -0.01329418271780014, -0.018097959458827972, -0.03371913731098175, -0.016862191259860992, -0.055986180901527405, -0.03757202997803688, 0.009399347938597202, 0.026101654395461082, -0.03245837241411209, -0.0035194791853427887, 0.06322977691888809, 0.014446262270212173, -0.041644275188446045, 0.019210172817111015, 0.04360518977046013, -0.007200813852250576, -0.03647792339324951, -0.0037939653266221285, 0.022873463109135628, -0.005001991521567106, 0.00960039533674717, 0.013401839882135391, -0.018346041440963745, 0.04671597108244896, 0.01672068051993847, 0.038861677050590515, -0.009753466583788395, -0.02827492170035839, 0.04655725136399269, -0.021611634641885757, -0.08047585934400558, 0.05775769427418709, 0.019843794405460358, -0.007236366625875235, 0.050229720771312714, -0.008842968381941319, 0.053302161395549774, 0.03738204017281532, -0.0033632416743785143, -0.018883315846323967, 0.04070872813463211, -0.04910912737250328, -0.0005695977015420794, -0.010628468357026577, -0.014623429626226425, -0.04147370904684067, 0.028054265305399895, 0.03571834787726402, -0.03434298187494278, 0.022716807201504707, -0.04695923253893852, 0.02473021298646927, 0.05753198266029358, -0.024133797734975815, -0.05684526637196541, 0.004598748870193958, 0.009355826303362846, 0.026352308690547943, -0.013915788382291794, 0.033814385533332825, -0.017987776547670364, -0.06863623112440109, 0.018076879903674126, -0.026272693648934364, 0.047685667872428894, -0.027385951951146126, 0.01621166616678238, 0.012291288003325462, 0.0016307258047163486, -0.02476559206843376, 0.048298127949237823, 0.006926472764462233, 0.11152373254299164, 0.0552377924323082, -0.025803925469517708, 0.012184015475213528, 0.0123549560084939, 0.05441327765583992, -0.0015375955263152719, 0.009703557938337326, -0.005026604514569044, -0.027609393000602722, -0.047991637140512466, 0.03626514598727226, 0.025682659819722176, -0.024853430688381195, -0.03910350054502487, 0.014734338037669659, -0.07086539268493652, 0.036423299461603165, -0.046023909002542496, -0.05901125818490982, 0.035005491226911545, 0.036178749054670334, -0.06590148061513901, -0.03413211554288864, -0.03624286502599716, 0.0011178042041137815, 0.02071644924581051, -0.017775798216462135, 0.02251458168029785, 0.054881542921066284, 0.02019587531685829, 0.047377198934555054, 0.07129713892936707, -0.00040773945511318743, 0.026599640026688576, -0.024461178109049797, 0.01125610526651144, -0.010664554312825203, 0.01869192160665989, 0.029204286634922028, 0.015994207933545113, 0.058013491332530975, -0.0056417533196508884, 0.02695331536233425, 0.00957689993083477, 0.006405928172171116, -0.006202729418873787, -0.06599084287881851, 0.011126803234219551, 0.0018989109667018056, 0.0023038764484226704, -0.03314119204878807, 0.006156808231025934, 0.03346311300992966, 0.05224716663360596, -0.014448516070842743, 0.028476236388087273, -0.0359250083565712, -0.03111957758665085, -0.02448222227394581, 0.02441517822444439, -0.028065811842679977, 0.0002860626846086234, 0.035532135516405106, 0.011315029114484787, 0.0024281505029648542, -0.07550027221441269, 0.04093673452734947, -0.03899358958005905, -0.021616309881210327, -0.009533219039440155, -0.030781641602516174, 0.008816367015242577, 0.0724630057811737, 0.029185080900788307, -0.0034667563159018755, -0.013113793917000294, 0.031063171103596687, 0.00959459412842989, 0.010433114133775234, -0.0380677804350853, -0.00774066336452961, 0.016223959624767303, -0.03583994135260582, -0.01568167470395565, 0.06741901487112045, -0.032544758170843124, 0.006900544743984938, -0.0009160112240351737, -0.05419088155031204, 0.015292730182409286, -0.02871266007423401, -0.0789867416024208, -0.06912466883659363, 0.04359087720513344, 0.0031844123732298613, -0.030857287347316742, 0.03603405877947807, -0.04039107635617256, -0.0164051353931427, -0.004245983902364969, 0.012994742020964622, 0.011457378044724464, -0.028663350269198418, -0.01549603883177042, -0.001514094416052103, -0.003824046114459634, 0.04662963002920151, -0.0303675327450037, 0.03376825526356697, 0.002407183637842536, -0.016362283378839493, 0.020185187458992004, -0.02370433695614338, 0.01805429905653, -0.002768715610727668, 0.02872711792588234, 0.03123076632618904, 0.02909001149237156, 0.02360466681420803, -0.018488818779587746, -0.017522789537906647, 0.019956255331635475, 0.018680443987250328, -0.0048876479268074036, 0.009591265581548214, 0.0031964886002242565, -0.028260957449674606, 0.030141161754727364, 0.05999672785401344, -0.048929452896118164, 0.002631561364978552, -0.007068461272865534, -0.021266238763928413, -0.0341445654630661, 0.03864128887653351, 0.05080419033765793, -0.059917695820331573, -0.02564411424100399, -0.05540646240115166, -0.01280677504837513, -0.045214056968688965, -0.018370632082223892, 0.03621715307235718, 0.010592907667160034, 0.02750028856098652, 0.013809824362397194, 0.03893228620290756, 0.02543296292424202, 0.04923620820045471, -0.00016808323562145233, 0.011744530871510506, -0.020436039194464684, 0.0254373662173748, 0.020436210557818413, -0.10175874829292297, -0.01580851338803768, 0.003171090967953205, 0.035441797226667404, -0.059733014553785324, -0.024105826392769814, -0.039892151951789856, 0.015306803397834301, 0.04212209954857826, 0.04451896995306015, -0.004092230927199125, -0.02063705027103424, 0.04049919173121452, -0.0036046269815415144, -0.05429909750819206, -0.002211222192272544, 0.024326669052243233, 0.08332020044326782, -0.016686314716935158, -0.010066121816635132, -0.030163345858454704, -0.013518576510250568, 0.017641978338360786, -0.002693604677915573, 0.06154618784785271, -0.0011804868699982762, -0.036399874836206436, 0.025144167244434357, 0.03070972114801407, -0.04076051339507103, 0.06480877101421356, 0.00903912540525198, -0.07032901048660278, 0.028608664870262146, 0.03579343482851982, 0.04313953220844269, -0.05027955397963524, -0.0036754258908331394, 0.02310623787343502, 0.020655207335948944, -0.07951457053422928, -0.0029181665740907192, -0.010179155506193638, -0.06312184035778046, 0.011911417357623577 ]
<p>When we send an electromagnetic short wave to the sky, it reflects due to the ionosphere effects. But if we send it horizontally, is it correct that it moves around the surface of the earth, and if it has enough energy, it can return to its first position?</p> <p>If yes, then how could that happen?</p>
g4631
[ 0.033559221774339676, 0.03101149946451187, -0.029719339683651924, 0.03367086499929428, 0.062325023114681244, 0.09063781052827835, -0.004495968576520681, 0.020290663465857506, -0.04486620053648949, -0.06944088637828827, -0.026180937886238098, 0.07426325231790543, 0.05046694725751877, 0.010975402779877186, -0.028248947113752365, 0.0027115449775010347, 0.0959300771355629, -0.022683626040816307, 0.0032591086346656084, 0.05249016359448433, 0.01561395637691021, -0.029394572600722313, -0.035871539264917374, -0.0685792788863182, -0.02216518111526966, 0.0019984047394245863, 0.0214132871478796, -0.050437234342098236, 0.004447075538337231, -0.040170177817344666, 0.0043946499936282635, 0.02521752566099167, 0.04199124127626419, -0.05478177219629288, -0.03100826032459736, -0.022997308522462845, -0.024216800928115845, 0.004052294883877039, 0.0026368803810328245, 0.00445979181677103, -0.03038856014609337, -0.03263254091143608, 0.01211780309677124, 0.02443539723753929, 0.054529618471860886, -0.06599786132574081, 0.0335412360727787, -0.018333077430725098, 0.03387122228741646, -0.044959042221307755, -0.06557870656251907, -0.004505746066570282, 0.009426206350326538, 0.02186013199388981, -0.009199532680213451, 0.01875315234065056, 0.039654798805713654, -0.045785821974277496, 0.06174968183040619, 0.01282050646841526, 0.022800780832767487, 0.007876469753682613, -0.012614338658750057, 0.008050546981394291, 0.011937325820326805, -0.044476043432950974, -0.11167439818382263, -0.01709812507033348, 0.021343883126974106, -0.008451641537249088, 0.04450739175081253, -0.018376728519797325, -0.06656119227409363, -0.08253635466098785, 0.011510873213410378, 0.016392014920711517, -0.003105130512267351, -0.025972647592425346, 0.028998959809541702, 0.030085071921348572, 0.014152098447084427, -0.0011892131296917796, 0.0013658195966854692, -0.039041563868522644, 0.010181307792663574, 0.017562052235007286, 0.020698094740509987, 0.021842841058969498, -0.008544310927391052, -0.05388261377811432, -0.02575746178627014, -0.030627401545643806, 0.020065229386091232, -0.001511639915406704, 0.013035829178988934, -0.07464269548654556, -0.02863932214677334, 0.046973034739494324, -0.024466702714562416, -0.010782928206026554, -0.06875292956829071, -0.033946551382541656, -0.0482456237077713, -0.02317255735397339, 0.0768461674451828, 0.02877998538315296, -0.012333323247730732, 0.013060018420219421, 0.036034148186445236, -0.012959660030901432, -0.008361028507351875, -0.06444820761680603, -0.023517876863479614, -0.042379871010780334, -0.019059618934988976, -0.010578365996479988, 0.03972577303647995, -0.0023200386203825474, 0.07722188532352448, 0.10468965023756027, 0.006493480876088142, 0.008972682990133762, 0.003871413879096508, 0.07108067721128464, -0.044543325901031494, -0.0060380301438272, -0.05094499513506889, -0.0348346121609211, 0.01839889958500862, -0.004548680502921343, 0.0014718127204105258, 0.020821910351514816, -0.0541822724044323, 0.045258261263370514, 0.04274183511734009, -0.03100643679499626, -0.002946824999526143, -0.013503037393093109, 0.005809892434626818, 0.05501672998070717, 0.06625394523143768, -0.017548056319355965, 0.030193548649549484, -0.07536111772060394, -0.005780233535915613, 0.036124084144830704, 0.0013176847714930773, -0.014371632598340511, 0.05530620366334915, -0.06031151860952377, -0.0378904826939106, 0.022624876350164413, 0.03520036116242409, -0.011930182576179504, 0.013816754333674908, -0.06778855621814728, 0.03424161672592163, -0.00882493332028389, 0.025350691750645638, 0.0002866518625523895, 0.056123316287994385, -0.0529114231467247, 0.008948545902967453, 0.015220200642943382, -0.04127217456698418, 0.02696039341390133, -0.019578900188207626, -0.030113406479358673, 0.027611829340457916, 0.00440738070756197, -0.07238387316465378, 0.011761347763240337, 0.03380430489778519, 0.039702530950307846, -0.006221163552254438, 0.09702282398939133, 0.0475403256714344, -0.010271461680531502, 0.03958035632967949, -0.06346002966165543, -0.058007873594760895, 0.0023865040857344866, -0.03521651029586792, -0.018116436898708344, 0.029939286410808563, -0.025556806474924088, -0.028159668669104576, -0.02964777685701847, -0.06784820556640625, -0.028673872351646423, -0.007511361967772245, -0.02564225345849991, -0.0021142377518117428, 0.0046159387566149235, 0.0008768436382524669, -0.017059538513422012, 0.00155050924513489, -0.05259709060192108, -0.05971101298928261, 0.04100128263235092, 0.012844757176935673, 0.06288906931877136, 0.07835744321346283, 0.016556598246097565, 0.03984749689698219, 0.023437902331352234, 0.050076767802238464, -0.009351680055260658, 0.030226795002818108, -0.05952074006199837, 0.021911989897489548, -0.01273136492818594, 0.025556160137057304, 0.004019253887236118, 0.0413171648979187, 0.031933337450027466, -0.07620231062173843, 0.03829316794872284, -0.03159162029623985, -0.005735944025218487, -0.06495339423418045, 0.0030816674698144197, 0.0027689943090081215, -0.00798157136887312, -0.020657449960708618, 0.0229018684476614, -0.08857914805412292, -0.018474142998456955, -0.0024008117616176605, -0.00519503653049469, 0.051900897175073624, -0.029825445264577866, -0.03340955823659897, -0.033275045454502106, 0.06852973252534866, 0.016449017450213432, -0.0026509365998208523, 0.008056780323386192, -0.014069930650293827, -0.038395535200834274, -0.045806653797626495, -0.023305106908082962, -0.010318172164261341, -0.011351642198860645, 0.0009507032809779048, 0.014543261379003525, 0.02108762413263321, 0.022895151749253273, -0.03940585255622864, 0.0061397189274430275, 0.06606458127498627, -0.023578327149152756, 0.019728271290659904, 0.01906660944223404, 0.0038001632783561945, -0.06603766232728958, -0.04801534116268158, 0.00433506490662694, -0.013830062933266163, -0.047080282121896744, -0.007514619268476963, -0.005536756478250027, 0.0450870580971241, 0.003743479959666729, -0.023724522441625595, -0.008936680853366852, -0.029780277982354164, 0.02017110213637352, -0.005224120337516069, -0.0022121735382825136, 0.05324589088559151, 0.07812796533107758, 0.02690632827579975, 0.07586641609668732, -0.02436385676264763, -0.01916324533522129, 0.048010844737291336, -0.04138042777776718, -0.014352086000144482, -0.015005426481366158, -0.03295813128352165, 0.020800037309527397, -0.03493187204003334, -0.021150309592485428, 0.015992574393749237, -0.024353493005037308, -0.0623711533844471, 0.03320011496543884, -0.03368512541055679, 0.02539205737411976, -0.054961010813713074, -0.01768634095788002, 0.08267015963792801, 0.04280716925859451, -0.05625085532665253, 0.0192265622317791, 0.05493290349841118, -0.04704325273633003, -0.02983163669705391, 0.017755530774593353, 0.023762227967381477, 0.031009284779429436, -0.022037694230675697, 0.0015722244279459119, -0.0014675380662083626, 0.03432627022266388, -0.016514800488948822, -0.03387480974197388, 0.07445065677165985, -0.005310357548296452, -0.00048584950855001807, 0.11455845087766647, -0.030481843277812004, 0.04270073026418686, -0.04225466027855873, -0.01713111810386181, -0.0520721934735775, -0.027663668617606163, 0.06879011541604996, 0.03430602699518204, -0.07496821135282516, -0.06912565976381302, -0.0364191047847271, 0.02000170201063156, 0.011397358030080795, 0.04556506872177124, -0.022021710872650146, 0.03955687955021858, -0.054085955023765564, 0.017901470884680748, -0.015137219801545143, 0.07163477689027786, -0.011908349581062794, -0.03020326793193817, 0.01978241465985775, -0.0020017230417579412, 0.028026923537254333, 0.001518263597972691, 0.00327782123349607, 0.03460441529750824, 0.011191452853381634, -0.013365042395889759, -0.027739787474274635, -0.02924569882452488, 0.05073271319270134, 0.02546646073460579, -0.03359575569629669, -0.028583254665136337, -0.05970076099038124, 0.000610971124842763, 0.037466634064912796, 0.028324715793132782, -0.03058450110256672, -0.014520503580570221, 0.027827613055706024, 0.09757381677627563, -0.01423540711402893, 0.00041407396201975644, 0.023919273167848587, -0.011367949657142162, -0.041633229702711105, 0.008866663090884686, 0.015465935692191124, 0.0060182115994393826, 0.016179516911506653, 0.03801703825592995, -0.0479869470000267, 0.03490350767970085, 0.004352713469415903, 0.04193320497870445, -0.03582830727100372, -0.015674911439418793, -0.012705899775028229, 0.020960606634616852, -0.04338887706398964, -0.02172003500163555, 0.04071164131164551, -0.04203950986266136, -0.003916924819350243, 0.019233694300055504, -0.022538401186466217, 0.03644368425011635, -0.01474771462380886, -0.007971159182488918, 0.022320618852972984, 0.049804672598838806, -0.032057493925094604, 0.0008763482910580933, -0.010225571691989899, -0.013710985891520977, -0.004173004999756813, -0.03885529562830925, 0.008730346336960793, 0.006118138786405325, 0.03437710180878639, -0.024673733860254288, 0.03732138127088547, -0.03133992478251457, -0.012341133318841457, 0.03834139183163643, 0.07509560883045197, 0.011778970248997211, -0.013885313645005226, -0.0002812583988998085, -0.032196566462516785, 0.05122697353363037, 0.022754518315196037, -0.0030106310732662678, -0.07108525186777115, -0.008170397020876408, -0.010079752653837204, 0.0004996795323677361, -0.053697794675827026, -0.03702614828944206, 0.06291760504245758, 0.030553491786122322, 0.04101116582751274, 0.0011171253863722086, 0.017077431082725525, 0.004589144140481949, -0.0032100724056363106, 0.07616296410560608, 0.05623752623796463, -0.016475355252623558, -0.019707949832081795, 0.06986251473426819, 0.07107343524694443, -0.019808311015367508, -0.0076169357635080814, 0.01581903174519539, -0.024784483015537262, 0.00004871649798587896, 0.0015261350199580193, 0.033114638179540634, -0.03447141870856285, 0.018287744373083115, 0.03203253075480461, -0.028602134436368942, -0.033937737345695496, 0.04259650781750679, 0.07463531941175461, -0.013493972830474377, -0.023256564512848854, 0.02156708389520645, -0.05560145899653435, 0.07594804465770721, -0.01796138845384121, -0.07663729786872864, 0.037543609738349915, -0.0461447648704052, -0.04077199846506119, 0.01977558247745037, 0.007909992709755898, 0.013212716206908226, -0.02081812545657158, 0.0035514740739017725, 0.025415997952222824, 0.00752211781218648, 0.03628149628639221, -0.0038682713638991117, -0.018359757959842682, 0.007452585268765688, 0.052954137325286865, 0.05365403741598129, 0.06402116268873215, -0.029981689527630806, -0.004793807398527861, -0.024289647117257118, -0.0861772745847702, 0.006266482640057802, 0.008020119741559029, 0.06766331195831299, 0.03640603646636009, 0.028970593586564064, -0.007510758470743895, 0.05241220071911812, -0.011770686134696007, -0.0507158488035202, -0.003762242617085576, -0.04779120907187462, -0.005108517594635487, -0.04040461406111717, -0.005857817362993956, 0.025178059935569763, -0.04396171495318413, 0.005949110258370638, -0.03052389994263649, 0.03631654381752014, -0.01670023240149021, -0.03726765513420105, -0.023565998300909996, -0.049722298979759216, -0.052984219044446945, -0.08637121319770813, -0.05547841265797615, -0.024511592462658882, -0.009280779398977757, 0.013001186773180962, 0.0014406630070880055, -0.005560593213886023, 0.05557094141840935, -0.008329533040523529, -0.017786452546715736, 0.06408961862325668, -0.0007891259156167507, 0.024477319791913033, 0.013757911510765553, -0.01313905417919159, -0.0213589146733284, 0.020879080519080162, -0.0067198621109128, -0.041181690990924835, -0.018580198287963867, -0.009171751327812672, 0.048244982957839966, -0.07976624369621277, -0.06763401627540588, 0.05303154140710831, -0.016960343345999718, 0.05627363175153732, 0.013846968300640583, -0.007860826328396797, 0.03622959926724434, 0.008098279125988483, 0.024146119132637978, -0.001551824389025569, -0.026681963354349136, 0.006760150659829378, -0.026302998885512352, 0.05632539093494415, 0.05375329777598381, 0.06711865961551666, 0.0008769046398811042, 0.013720624148845673, 0.06190630793571472, -0.06250128149986267, 0.025964105501770973, 0.021988967433571815, 0.05045095086097717, -0.010912501253187656, -0.05073446407914162, -0.012341054156422615, 0.01696973294019699, 0.03990089148283005, 0.04233665019273758, 0.04724922403693199, -0.02984512411057949, 0.04224139451980591, 0.03549523651599884, -0.03758879005908966, -0.02431284263730049, 0.015162983909249306, -0.011739399284124374, 0.03158581629395485, 0.016509126871824265, 0.01907223090529442, -0.03653782233595848, -0.03771379217505455, 0.0162420142441988, -0.04931699484586716, 0.05011013522744179, 0.05629540979862213, -0.011275948956608772, -0.0535896010696888, 0.04433317855000496, -0.05130132660269737, 0.005895706359297037, -0.006777014117687941, 0.05933646112680435, 0.008012264966964722, 0.013693947345018387, -0.014828009530901909, -0.00441258680075407, -0.006151912733912468, 0.004916753154247999, -0.01669403724372387, -0.015113024972379208, 0.018118033185601234, -0.04173167422413826, -0.031147751957178116, 0.025785867124795914, -0.029901783913373947, 0.022268211469054222, -0.014281496405601501, 0.0008796189213171601, -0.04465871676802635, -0.03654206916689873, -0.005969103425741196, 0.04460277780890465, -0.0223842766135931, -0.02256162278354168, -0.008063605055212975, 0.026008905842900276, -0.07129216194152832, -0.021478675305843353, -0.07501758635044098, -0.00008155449177138507, -0.0035617840476334095, -0.056731197983026505, 0.026825271546840668, 0.05706911161541939, 0.011128838174045086, 0.01418820396065712, -0.041378170251846313, 0.020147884264588356, 0.02417011559009552, 0.03099244087934494, 0.034660957753658295, 0.033166758716106415, 0.005707710515707731, -0.027969401329755783, -0.04306047409772873, -0.0044731320813298225, -0.05911214277148247, -0.08050147444009781, -0.008658323436975479, 0.028860026970505714, 0.00186253956053406, 0.03633769974112511, -0.04355596750974655, -0.03601148724555969, -0.0017875098856166005, -0.014394140802323818, -0.031760621815919876, -0.02997622825205326, 0.027912870049476624, 0.030405553057789803, -0.020602397620677948, 0.001037510926835239, 0.023068340495228767, -0.0015518130967393517, 0.036997292190790176, -0.015922628343105316, 0.04230426624417305, 0.045417219400405884, -0.0009656143374741077, 0.003906724043190479, -0.019091911613941193, -0.038745030760765076, -0.005864293780177832, -0.020883282646536827, 0.03570949658751488, -0.032772354781627655, 0.017053473740816116, -0.06919985264539719, 0.02784072794020176, 0.021258261054754257, -0.01388828456401825, -0.029513292014598846, -0.0015360983088612556, -0.03143152594566345, 0.0005266426596790552, -0.023373914882540703, -0.006513374391943216, -0.006992385722696781, -0.016353441402316093, -0.024214429780840874, 0.029574494808912277, -0.006214377470314503, -0.02674185298383236, -0.003827046137303114, -0.02220829576253891, -0.02065102942287922, 0.020363768562674522, 0.021173372864723206, -0.0017972501227632165, 0.002118977252393961, -0.04763070121407509, -0.031205307692289352, 0.03355211019515991, -0.004427413456141949, -0.06097976863384247, 0.02730996161699295, 0.044541824609041214, 0.012165818363428116, 0.03702657297253609, -0.03482695668935776, -0.035198651254177094, -0.014405136927962303, 0.03930361196398735, 0.013429712504148483, 0.015717046335339546, -0.00789971649646759, 0.03652598336338997, -0.017687005922198296, 0.008599202148616314, 0.007523663341999054, 0.06811061501502991, -0.011884779669344425, -0.047854699194431305, 0.031206006184220314, 0.08136465400457382, 0.043693069368600845, -0.03640468418598175, -0.004285999108105898, -0.0248690415173769, -0.007867277599871159, 0.04041930288076401, -0.009041018784046173, -0.007805017288774252, 0.01015558559447527, -0.005004287231713533, 0.04710329696536064, -0.015544991008937359, 0.03450801968574524, -0.011879166588187218, 0.0040023368783295155, -0.0412931926548481, -0.06634934991598129, -0.03476141765713692, 0.04535333812236786, 0.04409677907824516, 0.00857570767402649, 0.05502163991332054, 0.001417687744833529, 0.02377844601869583, 0.0035118144005537033, 0.0477832667529583, -0.00608075549826026, 0.0068732695654034615, -0.028460228815674782, 0.02923494391143322, -0.005850662011653185, -0.027607595548033714, -0.021960362792015076, 0.057357851415872574, -0.029794884845614433, -0.027305902913212776, 0.07077832520008087, -0.046853333711624146, -0.006998260039836168, 0.05479896441102028, -0.014776624739170074, -0.03861300274729729, 0.04351023584604263, 0.00014583277516067028, 0.003038666909560561, -0.03369535133242607, 0.05683276429772377, -0.014405234716832638, 0.0056266686879098415, 0.02430766262114048, -0.032278452068567276, -0.021567577496170998, -0.029005028307437897, 0.01328122615814209, 0.021016240119934082, -0.004361280240118504, 0.006047230679541826, -0.05503394454717636, 0.03562799096107483, 0.046466950327157974, -0.003788871457800269, 0.03117360547184944, 0.05856073647737503, 0.03085595928132534, -0.0029891019221395254, 0.01971052959561348, -0.004653043579310179, -0.010261129587888718, -0.05441529303789139, -0.009567616507411003, 0.03530656918883324, -0.06768373399972916, -0.02403574436903, -0.07162182778120041, -0.01889796368777752, 0.040936753153800964 ]
<p>Thermodynamic buoyancy. I have an air intake for combustion air entering into a basement furnace room. During cold weather, the air enters unchecked (no damper on pipe is allowed). I have this 5 foot vertical pipe, suspended downwards within a 2 foot high box, terminating 12" from the bottom. The cold air spills over the top of the box (combustion appliances are off at this point). How do I create a "cold air trap" like a p-trap (thermal equilibrium)? Would raising the height of the box help?</p>
g4632
[ 0.038125574588775635, 0.014976518228650093, 0.005732631776481867, -0.00816404726356268, -0.027391793206334114, 0.038264062255620956, 0.03496910259127617, 0.016696741804480553, -0.06904714554548264, -0.039429258555173874, -0.036277804523706436, 0.03248165547847748, 0.011950341984629631, -0.008699432015419006, 0.030612725764513016, 0.03916991874575615, 0.04664767533540726, -0.0390305370092392, 0.005464574322104454, -0.009511529467999935, -0.0322737880051136, -0.0473591685295105, -0.03775234520435333, -0.02441391907632351, -0.007107269950211048, -0.02778025157749653, 0.024154962971806526, 0.061694756150245667, -0.03620276227593422, 0.0010243933647871017, -0.0769193172454834, 0.014339236542582512, -0.03812683746218681, 0.020784832537174225, -0.05262191221117973, 0.005518965423107147, 0.08706078678369522, 0.0072424570098519325, 0.04812458157539368, -0.09815236181020737, 0.019726082682609558, -0.018957018852233887, -0.017178483307361603, 0.03572598099708557, -0.04203202575445175, 0.038087353110313416, -0.03396185114979744, -0.05939125269651413, -0.002463157055899501, 0.023074887692928314, 0.018733466044068336, -0.012296798638999462, -0.07356565445661545, -0.055584389716386795, -0.03357087820768356, -0.04920502379536629, 0.05305815488100052, 0.010748820379376411, -0.015628740191459656, 0.01918383501470089, -0.018580712378025055, 0.02679290622472763, -0.004940109793096781, -0.01143495924770832, 0.014437412843108177, 0.06603128463029861, -0.0535673089325428, 0.011056589893996716, -0.005409759934991598, 0.0033929534256458282, -0.012122773565351963, 0.002894715638831258, 0.004037035629153252, -0.03166762366890907, -0.041740819811820984, 0.010962173342704773, -0.057872314006090164, 0.007694684900343418, 0.10817187279462814, -0.04647667706012726, 0.013875076547265053, 0.007899675518274307, 0.016941100358963013, -0.03960290551185608, 0.0070580956526100636, -0.023302027955651283, -0.0007981743547134101, 0.02198156528174877, -0.019257647916674614, -0.04208262264728546, -0.04444436728954315, 0.022966941818594933, 0.07916317135095596, 0.05391264706850052, 0.08166360855102539, 0.011316448450088501, 0.005803882144391537, 0.0335632786154747, -0.025129184126853943, 0.010692629031836987, -0.015428600832819939, -0.0003436597471591085, -0.033567674458026886, -0.01895740069448948, -0.06272082030773163, 0.01657571829855442, 0.03382508456707001, 0.02492799051105976, -0.01434254553169012, 0.002937608864158392, -0.0483570396900177, -0.028294231742620468, -0.06663033366203308, 0.003786548739299178, 0.016555264592170715, -0.004403081722557545, 0.038236938416957855, 0.01247903797775507, 0.021487576887011528, 0.03200359642505646, 0.007558827754110098, 0.005066223442554474, -0.02709307335317135, -0.0032060483936220407, -0.03440524637699127, -0.07094398140907288, -0.07099830359220505, 0.018670108169317245, 0.014722458086907864, -0.0181037038564682, 0.011930109933018684, -0.01925465650856495, -0.05646282806992531, 0.03316145017743111, 0.039866723120212555, -0.009668728336691856, -0.030856074765324593, 0.00440759165212512, 0.027171919122338295, 0.015998484566807747, -0.005027492064982653, -0.019967425614595413, -0.004316756036132574, -0.012623815797269344, 0.0005196491838432848, 0.029155010357499123, -0.028456468135118484, 0.03701933100819588, -0.027648188173770905, 0.0070155030116438866, -0.006302164867520332, 0.07746077328920364, 0.01375243067741394, 0.011463899165391922, -0.022504575550556183, -0.02696787193417549, -0.0027753945905715227, 0.0055412594228982925, 0.024535734206438065, -0.04233816638588905, 0.016958562657237053, 0.007951791398227215, -0.0029142226558178663, -0.034794241189956665, -0.08589039742946625, 0.00010439793550176546, -0.06200067326426506, -0.07588058710098267, 0.0388537272810936, 0.036527909338474274, -0.03675849363207817, 0.05130409821867943, -0.002564184833317995, 0.0010868810350075364, 0.013554493896663189, -0.014955304563045502, 0.07704219222068787, -0.030981915071606636, 0.02839059755206108, -0.04257786273956299, 0.019568851217627525, 0.027803799137473106, 0.03888078033924103, -0.014173499308526516, -0.02611100859940052, 0.007941745221614838, 0.029644770547747612, -0.0031265586148947477, -0.004614821635186672, -0.024982651695609093, 0.055169906467199326, -0.03859119117259979, 0.00739141833037138, -0.001659914618358016, -0.020584769546985626, 0.002180518815293908, 0.03522614762187004, -0.05398578196763992, -0.06977240741252899, 0.04026847705245018, 0.03590156510472298, -0.0827077180147171, 0.08471770584583282, -0.017434965819120407, 0.021051496267318726, 0.04988246411085129, -0.017468946054577827, -0.00328066642396152, -0.046600017696619034, -0.03351258486509323, -0.01125164981931448, -0.04009433090686798, 0.05964317172765732, 0.028268491849303246, 0.056492701172828674, 0.038223665207624435, 0.01358734630048275, 0.04283628240227699, -0.001171465264633298, -0.0031630040612071753, 0.01813916675746441, -0.026875218376517296, -0.023525835946202278, -0.0018344881245866418, -0.028299802914261818, -0.05784156918525696, 0.029493119567632675, -0.034558676183223724, 0.03743244335055351, 0.005485327448695898, -0.014794952236115932, 0.028530338779091835, 0.00514507619664073, -0.0223990511149168, 0.024928735569119453, 0.01650930754840374, -0.01123752724379301, 0.06238850578665733, -0.021202117204666138, -0.010926716029644012, -0.01721193455159664, -0.03559660166501999, -0.0687214657664299, 0.003394092433154583, 0.031065573915839195, 0.02830863744020462, -0.002500009723007679, 0.005878918804228306, -0.028177903965115547, -0.0195311326533556, -0.024806709960103035, 0.00572413532063365, 0.018214331939816475, -0.07965132594108582, -0.06865914165973663, -0.03662167862057686, -0.0470234639942646, 0.019654754549264908, -0.0007084573153406382, -0.06999565660953522, 0.012663038447499275, -0.02556847222149372, 0.038601264357566833, -0.010684818029403687, -0.0813569724559784, -0.060968998819589615, -0.02270588092505932, -0.031072542071342468, -0.015126792713999748, 0.03697451949119568, -0.007917428389191628, -0.06346815079450607, 0.05350493639707565, 0.08237607777118683, 0.05096621811389923, 0.03536025434732437, -0.03066311590373516, 0.014231448993086815, 0.05331684648990631, 0.013836984522640705, 0.04694078490138054, -0.014633068814873695, -0.013975544832646847, 0.025214025750756264, 0.051305778324604034, -0.00006795860099373385, -0.005983094684779644, 0.05133975297212601, 0.04783029109239578, -0.010435707867145538, 0.05648203566670418, -0.03405085206031799, -0.06551224738359451, 0.05307619646191597, -0.022744813933968544, 0.07037202268838882, -0.006887427065521479, 0.00476883677765727, -0.01403710339218378, -0.03112470917403698, -0.04091035947203636, -0.03517397493124008, 0.026896845549345016, -0.04280465841293335, -0.049008890986442566, 0.003952431958168745, 0.022833671420812607, -0.009767996147274971, -0.00047836225712671876, 0.011345865204930305, -0.034240685403347015, -0.015447016805410385, -0.013560911640524864, 0.01761799305677414, -0.010873815976083279, -0.013065747916698456, -0.023662304505705833, -0.032970160245895386, 0.029836654663085938, 0.02382749505341053, 0.005084292497485876, -0.015916327014565468, -0.0445970743894577, 0.0035541539546102285, 0.019449518993496895, -0.03656833991408348, 0.02377011626958847, -0.05119752883911133, -0.00025731325149536133, -0.022055912762880325, 0.07740235328674316, 0.02035946026444435, -0.000052444014727370813, -0.049004413187503815, 0.028620924800634384, 0.07099772244691849, 0.023893630132079124, -0.01392796915024519, 0.024255789816379547, -0.0023006927222013474, -0.03196348249912262, -0.025556819513440132, -0.005241988226771355, -0.04099980369210243, -0.00792737863957882, -0.03680533543229103, 0.05758907273411751, 0.0744226798415184, -0.0029154878575354815, 0.026308508589863777, -0.012176715768873692, -0.00594024732708931, 0.010900950990617275, -0.03336004167795181, -0.04846461862325668, 0.03571721538901329, 0.018835553899407387, 0.009557324461638927, -0.011088576167821884, 0.027344390749931335, 0.01161032821983099, -0.03255055844783783, -0.025148916989564896, 0.06811217963695526, 0.022335713729262352, 0.004798996727913618, -0.04282182827591896, -0.002273696009069681, 0.033768557012081146, -0.02022194117307663, -0.008654595352709293, 0.010193879716098309, -0.047911375761032104, -0.03321412205696106, 0.02000834420323372, -0.05320458114147186, 0.047285228967666626, 0.003051919164136052, 0.01584005542099476, 0.010450298897922039, -0.0005526504246518016, -0.0068829902447760105, -0.03712182492017746, 0.003188013331964612, 0.0042645581997931, 0.058333620429039, -0.06476268917322159, 0.014763006009161472, -0.014892365783452988, -0.0280124731361866, -0.04805726930499077, 0.016732240095734596, -0.0029724740888923407, 0.04145154356956482, 0.04937337711453438, 0.02607687935233116, -0.01721731387078762, -0.031590864062309265, -0.0180042814463377, -0.019203005358576775, 0.09034845978021622, -0.004262594506144524, 0.003916134126484394, -0.019952017813920975, 0.02905597724020481, 0.06578395515680313, 0.05086495354771614, -0.015618002973496914, -0.059938181191682816, -0.03886603191494942, 0.05151238292455673, -0.019625555723905563, -0.04981183260679245, 0.019500553607940674, 0.005912099499255419, -0.009493573568761349, 0.0164620541036129, 0.03571239486336708, 0.0404338613152504, 0.016538089141249657, 0.07697447389364243, 0.06218933314085007, -0.035796988755464554, -0.043141067028045654, 0.010098719038069248, 0.018029293045401573, -0.009467773139476776, -0.03138618916273117, -0.048721373081207275, 0.01515678595751524, -0.011515971273183823, 0.014818424358963966, -0.00008622854511486366, -0.038030777126550674, 0.032838910818099976, 0.04615265130996704, -0.030882183462381363, -0.058162618428468704, 0.0020005889236927032, 0.05668724328279495, 0.06885526329278946, -0.020177947357296944, -0.01708385720849037, -0.012177379801869392, -0.024274250492453575, 0.015261068940162659, -0.0009200712665915489, -0.05974627658724785, 0.014678583480417728, 0.016097242012619972, -0.001519455574452877, 0.008445033803582191, 0.04084312915802002, -0.01789247617125511, -0.019885830581188202, 0.015890099108219147, -0.021182172000408173, 0.0016647054580971599, -0.0037373509258031845, -0.022811857983469963, -0.04035995900630951, -0.0020681130699813366, -0.057091694325208664, -0.05154066160321236, 0.013266538269817829, -0.06539051979780197, 0.017223743721842766, -0.03443199396133423, 0.00674291979521513, 0.0007803544285707176, 0.03290069103240967, 0.03104577772319317, -0.012597191147506237, 0.05241788178682327, 0.005013579037040472, 0.08370918035507202, 0.01469324715435505, 0.010774803347885609, 0.004584798123687506, 0.010649026371538639, 0.00677036726847291, 0.016150005161762238, -0.01929139345884323, 0.05095607042312622, 0.009793614037334919, -0.06407880783081055, -0.023773591965436935, 0.0356820784509182, 0.018880164250731468, -0.004417254123836756, -0.03336705267429352, 0.110222227871418, -0.011575434356927872, 0.07258434593677521, -0.024695321917533875, -0.024573691189289093, 0.040294941514730453, 0.06794047355651855, -0.002123500220477581, -0.0406554713845253, -0.0390196330845356, -0.007166419178247452, -0.022969862446188927, 0.009395192377269268, -0.05344128608703613, -0.020542114973068237, 0.011948682367801666, 0.06178425997495651, 0.010264750570058823, -0.0030202693305909634, 0.04501192644238472, -0.011566531844437122, 0.032663870602846146, 0.00988391600549221, 0.029364196583628654, 0.011807458475232124, -0.005318452604115009, -0.01405980996787548, 0.00805274210870266, 0.0013867447851225734, 0.049404725432395935, -0.043173037469387054, 0.012296447530388832, 0.007320105563849211, -0.024113552644848824, 0.010527328588068485, -0.025479529052972794, -0.01584802195429802, 0.025016719475388527, 0.0014108442701399326, -0.0050156740471720695, 0.0038962543476372957, 0.04346837103366852, -0.018110856413841248, -0.03159438818693161, -0.01906644180417061, -0.0032399611081928015, -0.009155991487205029, 0.004852318670600653, 0.020705290138721466, -0.05506368726491928, -0.022253574803471565, 0.03036799095571041, 0.014896046370267868, 0.07359550148248672, -0.05935879424214363, -0.007679085247218609, 0.029069554060697556, 0.09174131602048874, 0.0007251478382386267, 0.0650491714477539, 0.08154338598251343, 0.024471905082464218, 0.028484363108873367, 0.019214531406760216, 0.005299980286508799, 0.011916562914848328, 0.008361595682799816, -0.022428300231695175, -0.031615305691957474, 0.006828184239566326, 0.027843285351991653, 0.007473412901163101, 0.020296188071370125, -0.014682558365166187, 0.036245834082365036, -0.05942010134458542, 0.050312791019678116, 0.05355636775493622, -0.039521295577287674, 0.06574422866106033, 0.018681135028600693, 0.005729735363274813, -0.01848084107041359, -0.008140692487359047, 0.011838617734611034, -0.028553428128361702, 0.03395572677254677, 0.010758303105831146, 0.03797430545091629, 0.03443872556090355, 0.02762025222182274, 0.030365779995918274, -0.023947861045598984, -0.04821522906422615, 0.036288317292928696, -0.046955760568380356, -0.0003183800436090678, -0.05218026414513588, 0.025659162551164627, -0.0024261546786874533, -0.08793958276510239, -0.00839026179164648, 0.01854872517287731, 0.004041040316224098, -0.040848974138498306, -0.007761931046843529, 0.07431305944919586, -0.046537160873413086, 0.07605553418397903, -0.03769136965274811, 0.017087126150727272, -0.009380357339978218, -0.08726181089878082, 0.0036817570216953754, 0.062019605189561844, 0.05302126333117485, -0.004373893607407808, -0.015602420084178448, 0.032837122678756714, 0.043839409947395325, -0.0006756213260814548, 0.03419901430606842, 0.02588796429336071, 0.01714964397251606, -0.024052049964666367, 0.092215396463871, -0.019240211695432663, 0.03393379971385002, 0.04010847583413124, -0.04481948912143707, -0.00211897911503911, 0.03392382711172104, -0.04680401831865311, 0.03518995642662048, 0.010960663668811321, -0.060020267963409424, 0.026571398600935936, 0.030638189986348152, 0.04008224233984947, -0.00296797975897789, 0.03935423120856285, 0.019648931920528412, -0.016739385202527046, -0.04685990512371063, 0.06451426446437836, -0.009024796076118946, 0.07636222243309021, 0.019287709146738052, 0.05793360620737076, -0.008294395171105862, 0.018800856545567513, -0.002060652244836092, -0.008069283328950405, -0.012766439467668533, 0.018376478925347328, -0.059349872171878815, 0.005220747087150812, -0.04566318169236183, -0.05217426270246506, -0.06017911806702614, -0.06152252480387688, -0.11569567024707794, -0.032350797206163406, 0.008831511251628399, -0.019586505368351936, 0.02029990963637829, -0.013612832874059677, -0.0069592841900885105, -0.04283834248781204, 0.017067667096853256, -0.016155710443854332, 0.0049904827028512955, 0.018663901835680008, 0.04407839477062225, 0.05024922639131546, -0.022550249472260475, 0.00954266358166933, 0.05024755373597145, -0.07143204659223557, -0.013987085781991482, -0.053068455308675766, -0.006624192465096712, -0.028957245871424675, -0.022026531398296356, -0.025751296430826187, 0.007339191157370806, 0.10040386766195297, -0.014728521928191185, 0.010020573623478413, -0.052234526723623276, -0.0393897145986557, -0.02076837234199047, -0.0682249665260315, 0.03684021160006523, -0.012416084297001362, 0.003129766322672367, 0.0671749860048294, 0.006005318369716406, -0.005172352306544781, 0.001446565962396562, 0.038803379982709885, -0.023289702832698822, -0.014759920537471771, -0.03706854581832886, 0.04036516323685646, 0.0035295411944389343, -0.03681837022304535, 0.02666081301867962, -0.02286863513290882, 0.03490900248289108, 0.05755224451422691, -0.009432889521121979, 0.0037694259081035852, 0.00017197847773786634, -0.027539215981960297, 0.00100602803286165, 0.06105538830161095, -0.06880341470241547, 0.014544092118740082, 0.027679041028022766, 0.05955124273896217, 0.07292991876602173, -0.031710490584373474, -0.017189830541610718, -0.0192992202937603, -0.04861294478178024, 0.04046181961894035, -0.031350307166576385, 0.02603432722389698, -0.03880668431520462, 0.024226795881986618, 0.010643122717738152, -0.017111239954829216, 0.06269507110118866, 0.0066689555533230305, 0.015920447185635567, 0.022686190903186798, -0.05361909791827202, -0.018933795392513275, 0.01605273224413395, 0.015666041523218155, -0.04700006544589996, 0.04488752782344818, -0.02575189247727394, -0.021674202755093575, 0.030382448807358742, -0.015141931362450123, 0.035458263009786606, 0.0034058408346027136, 0.010567924939095974, -0.02793782390654087, -0.03121783584356308, -0.03863406553864479, 0.013472630642354488, -0.02638455666601658, -0.02854255586862564, 0.02510792575776577, 0.02283422276377678, -0.0015859648119658232, -0.011125246062874794, 0.004563744645565748, 0.013935343362390995, -0.023283252492547035, 0.04451044276356697, -0.05628903955221176, -0.03513351455330849, 0.04968559369444847, -0.09391333907842636, 0.014108357951045036, -0.04075764864683151, -0.0373910591006279, -0.00523453950881958, 0.00028218398801982403, -0.05093695595860481, 0.04806806892156601, 0.009362169541418552, -0.06906107813119888 ]
<p>How is spacetime depicted in quantum field theory? Is space and time completely separate, and time is just nature of law as in Newtonian mechanics?</p>
g4633
[ 0.01771676540374756, 0.01485398318618536, -0.004035664722323418, -0.021326208487153053, -0.008771407417953014, 0.03636280074715614, -0.026807526126503944, -0.008146974258124828, 0.01571601815521717, 0.0012427265755832195, 0.011620290577411652, -0.042801421135663986, -0.02129625342786312, 0.038478996604681015, -0.0011179809225723147, -0.0708104595541954, -0.00006558089808095247, 0.014989183284342289, 0.06410913169384003, -0.04622499644756317, 0.004634401760995388, 0.017168618738651276, 0.01585311070084572, -0.005492108874022961, -0.02532247267663479, -0.03540363907814026, 0.018886182457208633, -0.004730371758341789, -0.00058681087102741, -0.001832280308008194, 0.02029876783490181, 0.024244558066129684, 0.02089792676270008, -0.015184428542852402, -0.004048140253871679, -0.010141418315470219, -0.018352003768086433, 0.026947425678372383, 0.027065031230449677, -0.013458974659442902, -0.0016494357259944081, -0.04400494694709778, -0.04888935387134552, -0.026760756969451904, -0.03484169393777847, -0.023226503282785416, -0.02321259304881096, -0.001116231782361865, -0.025310730561614037, 0.03522110357880592, -0.03906511142849922, 0.012096988037228584, -0.00004424567669047974, -0.018257349729537964, 0.07340678572654724, 0.017765365540981293, 0.04930499568581581, -0.01263271365314722, 0.1141870841383934, 0.03607368841767311, -0.02907549776136875, 0.05156310647726059, 0.05296306684613228, 0.07205209136009216, 0.026057420298457146, 0.028325721621513367, -0.017123112455010414, -0.044847406446933746, 0.03479184955358505, -0.0022593208122998476, -0.009020295925438404, -0.09214901179075241, -0.030310209840536118, -0.018794327974319458, 0.04839332774281502, 0.07772736996412277, 0.022789020091295242, 0.024535860866308212, 0.008264548145234585, 0.011607236228883266, 0.04174095019698143, 0.025713127106428146, -0.03216788172721863, 0.021378297358751297, 0.026491066440939903, -0.013913081958889961, 0.0016250633634626865, -0.05772208049893379, -0.02763141505420208, 0.06255500018596649, -0.006518701557070017, 0.046886786818504333, 0.09494476765394211, 0.008751588873565197, -0.05103033408522606, -0.0206304918974638, -0.012622812762856483, 0.030965160578489304, -0.020067399367690086, 0.02490299940109253, -0.02828488126397133, 0.026119960471987724, 0.05650881677865982, -0.024031206965446472, -0.0017066755099222064, 0.056877847760915756, 0.007777429651468992, 0.04059617593884468, 0.008659727871418, 0.0233592726290226, -0.049511078745126724, 0.013857808895409107, -0.03345969691872597, 0.0017881972016766667, -0.02105211652815342, -0.04231123626232147, 0.012593596242368221, -0.03181275725364685, -0.01942252553999424, 0.011734290048480034, -0.015455064363777637, 0.04947478696703911, 0.09031941741704941, 0.01895369403064251, -0.05267258360981941, 0.018683290109038353, -0.01000227965414524, -0.04477406293153763, -0.0036996749695390463, -0.018245132640004158, 0.010007324628531933, 0.01156044751405716, -0.04103708267211914, 0.049053821712732315, -0.014832897111773491, 0.0039812843315303326, -0.02330334670841694, -0.03448658809065819, -0.05283717066049576, 0.01728283241391182, 0.021186072379350662, -0.05730791389942169, 0.00008762545621721074, -0.01794048771262169, -0.004024649038910866, -0.006460428703576326, 0.0015078476862981915, -0.0018172296695411205, 0.0019577564671635628, 0.028718996793031693, -0.03596963360905647, 0.09528158605098724, 0.04258492961525917, -0.017084892839193344, 0.039481304585933685, -0.049225013703107834, 0.03414502739906311, 0.015600709244608879, -0.021525852382183075, -0.025626033544540405, 0.03994601219892502, 0.001657875836826861, 0.041044898331165314, 0.005095407832413912, -0.002761431969702244, -0.0014991187490522861, -0.0244354959577322, -0.05733326077461243, 0.07046224176883698, -0.03676031529903412, 0.021505888551473618, -0.030296947807073593, -0.024907365441322327, 0.02496834099292755, -0.015417356044054031, 0.03687707707285881, -0.03958304226398468, -0.00621677516028285, 0.00002591434895293787, 0.023335937410593033, 0.024197231978178024, 0.024906540289521217, -0.019389307126402855, -0.061596229672431946, -0.04331309720873833, 0.03912725672125816, -0.007577116135507822, 0.0004236960376147181, -0.05785127356648445, 0.0063585396856069565, -0.03645970672369003, -0.04364722967147827, -0.0417124405503273, 0.035455022007226944, 0.03933257237076759, 0.004984311293810606, -0.02828407846391201, -0.03261590376496315, -0.034343570470809937, -0.013047173619270325, -0.0032656865660101175, 0.04628841206431389, -0.014563851058483124, 0.06946014612913132, -0.006019486114382744, 0.018002498894929886, -0.057558607310056686, 0.02658664993941784, -0.05453026294708252, -0.012849470600485802, 0.029917597770690918, 0.01202058233320713, 0.04021617770195007, 0.07298504561185837, -0.10504838824272156, -0.007836620323359966, -0.03270211070775986, 0.006558287888765335, -0.06281483918428421, 0.08314627408981323, 0.02131321281194687, 0.01747669279575348, 0.038663264364004135, -0.015589495189487934, -0.008729025721549988, -0.03351346775889397, -0.04235734045505524, 0.0041198874823749065, -0.018606673926115036, 0.020570561289787292, -0.0934772789478302, -0.02570633962750435, -0.03109791688621044, 0.031219463795423508, 0.0006399680278263986, 0.0225830040872097, 0.011080149561166763, 0.0022616260685026646, -0.017760243266820908, -0.03016507439315319, -0.004473124630749226, 0.03208242729306221, -0.00124348234385252, 0.01413083728402853, 0.03469902276992798, -0.03231300041079521, -0.0013687320752069354, -0.006546754855662584, -0.0027218861505389214, -0.00048666345537640154, -0.011521261185407639, -0.024739878252148628, -0.045484721660614014, 0.0172621738165617, -0.010882181115448475, 0.02096036821603775, 0.03334806114435196, -0.02375480905175209, -0.08855322748422623, -0.017450915649533272, -0.022209107875823975, -0.05840623751282692, -0.010566996410489082, 0.05673912540078163, -0.01924249902367592, -0.041698355227708817, 0.036038048565387726, 0.0747227668762207, -0.015304174274206161, -0.010956468060612679, -0.05129211023449898, 0.06546124070882797, -0.003037920454517007, -0.032685816287994385, -0.06373731046915054, -0.02579333819448948, 0.046140797436237335, -0.025950556620955467, -0.04194119945168495, -0.019953100010752678, 0.016597533598542213, -0.009544068947434425, -0.06853897869586945, 0.0227082297205925, 0.012817882001399994, -0.0765613541007042, 0.031944822520017624, -0.0011575305834412575, 0.0012267206329852343, 0.005520304664969444, 0.032399918884038925, 0.05188540369272232, -0.03248943015933037, -0.037950191646814346, -0.04340682178735733, 0.024651039391756058, -0.001480288221500814, -0.027221355587244034, -0.0023594798985868692, 0.02039152942597866, -0.03695640340447426, -0.012633468955755234, 0.07967153191566467, 0.07958753407001495, -0.006088363938033581, -0.020650651305913925, -0.006441999226808548, -0.041727643460035324, -0.05303636193275452, -0.07876129448413849, -0.014773265458643436, 0.01786366105079651, 0.059987686574459076, -0.01431109756231308, -0.016460852697491646, -0.029745735228061676, -0.051693402230739594, -0.018401281908154488, 0.043443650007247925, -0.0031428751535713673, -0.016193797811865807, -0.02738795056939125, 0.014071930199861526, 0.02901971898972988, 0.026959747076034546, -0.025981439277529716, 0.0010512867011129856, -0.010978973470628262, -0.012933161109685898, -0.02486209198832512, -0.011909856460988522, -0.043832890689373016, 0.0024993575643748045, -0.008485016413033009, -0.04432468116283417, 0.06187305226922035, -0.0664045438170433, -0.02395123988389969, 0.037802740931510925, -0.028900112956762314, 0.04346710070967674, -0.01374686136841774, -0.03293698653578758, 0.014509801752865314, 0.024361269548535347, 0.020974142476916313, 0.026300663128495216, -0.02637510560452938, 0.04062715545296669, 0.013763810507953167, 0.006345669273287058, -0.016902433708310127, 0.027210433036088943, -0.011186611838638783, 0.007794003468006849, 0.07426728308200836, 0.0380575992166996, 0.05373493209481239, -0.003436679719015956, -0.06940575689077377, 0.016895361244678497, -0.010325787588953972, 0.027650145813822746, 0.030312001705169678, 0.027937298640608788, -0.03935663029551506, 0.02348214015364647, -0.0189353134483099, 0.023037858307361603, 0.025510558858513832, 0.039070386439561844, 0.01853819005191326, -0.018821904435753822, 0.029457638040184975, 0.06047670915722847, -0.04361370578408241, -0.01590040512382984, -0.026363583281636238, 0.020784156396985054, -0.02036542072892189, 0.011305377818644047, 0.003953767940402031, -0.020386287942528725, 0.04959792271256447, 0.02928660809993744, 0.042414452880620956, -0.016332359984517097, -0.0351492315530777, 0.023055797442793846, 0.01179246325045824, -0.012363138608634472, -0.04659935459494591, -0.0203294288367033, -0.0456312857568264, -0.020417416468262672, 0.006756190676242113, 0.01730615645647049, 0.06751035153865814, -0.01018567569553852, -0.041408613324165344, 0.010651836171746254, 0.04853874444961548, -0.012537089176476002, 0.015464559197425842, 0.032136574387550354, 0.03841240704059601, 0.01902630180120468, -0.0728197693824768, 0.008869536221027374, 0.012391594238579273, -0.0009914792608469725, 0.012922662310302258, -0.018910430371761322, -0.04813051223754883, -0.014457951299846172, 0.04122980684041977, 0.012399711646139622, -0.03572351858019829, -0.0009141763439401984, 0.0182285625487566, 0.04823306202888489, 0.04567357897758484, 0.018363935872912407, -0.024971775710582733, -0.009150472469627857, 0.022239474579691887, -0.015596432611346245, 0.041637539863586426, -0.048980358988046646, -0.031042810529470444, 0.0018493573879823089, -0.0306746494024992, 0.0036124270409345627, 0.010528279468417168, -0.05948146432638168, 0.02007145993411541, -0.014987562783062458, 0.04435258358716965, 0.03774217143654823, 0.012372548691928387, 0.06129307299852371, -0.023450857028365135, 0.04491086304187775, 0.011156642809510231, 0.002833880251273513, 0.03601383417844772, -0.007693777792155743, -0.05338060110807419, -0.05503467470407486, -0.026620112359523773, -0.027524089440703392, 0.08212839812040329, -0.042227841913700104, -0.03910883516073227, -0.041624587029218674, -0.00008261886250693351, -0.041522007435560226, -0.012415803968906403, -0.012174809351563454, 0.023263737559318542, -0.10531803965568542, -0.010661466978490353, 0.01174173504114151, 0.03957728296518326, -0.016684768721461296, 0.013378570787608624, -0.07823517173528671, 0.04678473621606827, -0.05230644717812538, 0.05296863988041878, 0.04662024602293968, -0.04633122310042381, -0.026269664987921715, -0.07735354453325272, 0.008389133028686047, -0.007432362996041775, 0.018650364130735397, -0.013776671141386032, 0.0034727558959275484, -0.064334437251091, 0.07639113813638687, -0.023475391790270805, 0.014550454914569855, 0.01140240766108036, -0.03826986253261566, 0.03504044935107231, 0.027805844321846962, 0.01654261350631714, -0.014840186573565006, -0.016649512574076653, -0.039546798914670944, -0.026932723820209503, 0.016009997576475143, 0.03005026839673519, -0.037441521883010864, 0.01973658800125122, -0.0376126654446125, -0.054177019745111465, 0.001832932815887034, -0.025345468893647194, -0.053749147802591324, -0.026933301240205765, 0.006694238632917404, 0.005174263846129179, -0.006067452486604452, 0.002764561679214239, 0.0370597243309021, 0.015962721779942513, -0.09290798753499985, 0.041990458965301514, 0.03776213526725769, -0.017251890152692795, -0.06864974647760391, 0.009518271312117577, 0.0737924575805664, -0.04669472202658653, -0.0018032437656074762, 0.0036699033807963133, -0.0156807079911232, -0.01876489259302616, -0.020143935456871986, 0.017573270946741104, 0.08082021772861481, -0.016095755621790886, 0.061849065124988556, 0.06787095218896866, -0.04580574110150337, -0.01044728048145771, -0.014485950581729412, 0.029232164844870567, 0.015424125827848911, 0.031822510063648224, 0.06546890735626221, 0.03419876471161842, 0.01722533628344536, -0.0000098083201010013, 0.0527789406478405, 0.04272916167974472, 0.08048371225595474, 0.002068996662274003, -0.06396637856960297, -0.021755054593086243, 0.018991444259881973, -0.009350095875561237, 0.020884718745946884, 0.019732695072889328, -0.01328442431986332, 0.04033970460295677, 0.06571473926305771, -0.022195976227521896, -0.04915599152445793, 0.011646611616015434, -0.026696879416704178, 0.03027595952153206, 0.015161167830228806, 0.030444957315921783, 0.02744622528553009, -0.05429167300462723, -0.06485015898942947, 0.031456172466278076, 0.030154669657349586, 0.06935929507017136, -0.029114974662661552, -0.03665158525109291, 0.01211531925946474, 0.017077043652534485, 0.044114161282777786, 0.009140410460531712, 0.039974819868803024, -0.006842262111604214, -0.000977864139713347, 0.018151693046092987, 0.010661441832780838, 0.0018442668952047825, 0.0005023062694817781, -0.033897221088409424, 0.022563006728887558, -0.05582499876618385, -0.0568716786801815, 0.012785608880221844, 0.0025265333242714405, -0.024217108264565468, 0.010942934080958366, -0.07490529119968414, -0.01653231494128704, 0.017005247995257378, -0.004174470901489258, 0.006217403803020716, 0.041128575801849365, 0.05831427872180939, -0.028194094076752663, 0.006413945462554693, 0.015374974347651005, -0.03871874883770943, 0.018633214756846428, 0.015622970648109913, 0.030672481283545494, 0.03549438714981079, 0.002514464780688286, 0.050997428596019745, -0.037546299397945404, -0.01221956592053175, 0.002088427310809493, -0.05607369542121887, 0.08672130852937698, 0.08143828064203262, -0.068365678191185, -0.03376609832048416, 0.02671768330037594, -0.0010524013778194785, -0.0020177613478153944, -0.002198394387960434, 0.0019602440297603607, 0.04556000605225563, -0.013147614896297455, 0.007525731343775988, 0.011955373920500278, 0.02684466727077961, -0.04452848061919212, 0.04449927806854248, 0.013279215432703495, -0.013183112256228924, 0.011965779587626457, 0.07064766436815262, 0.018009629100561142, 0.03776232525706291, -0.02169421687722206, 0.08643170446157455, 0.009766423143446445, -0.011679005809128284, 0.03511470928788185, -0.015569320879876614, 0.02821492962539196, 0.05356476455926895, 0.012578466907143593, 0.01746290922164917, -0.02743317000567913, 0.039103347808122635, -0.0033494262024760246, 0.00200032745487988, -0.01006496325135231, 0.0017707276856526732, 0.09155506640672684, 0.0016901764320209622, -0.06881224364042282, 0.00432543596252799, 0.033975303173065186, -0.03841692581772804, -0.05217059329152107, 0.03192988038063049, 0.027601957321166992, 0.029779767617583275, -0.07824348658323288, 0.05074594169855118, -0.014198195189237595, 0.03338243439793587, -0.03861048445105553, -0.00523030199110508, -0.018099134787917137, -0.1111997738480568, -0.01302396785467863, -0.014181459322571754, -0.06308838725090027, -0.005036640912294388, 0.004799680784344673, 0.035566989332437515, -0.004920627921819687, -0.00948199350386858, 0.002372122835367918, -0.0429309606552124, -0.025395600125193596, -0.06352424621582031, 0.0726037248969078, 0.06700745224952698, -0.049766045063734055, -0.04064657911658287, -0.07530955970287323, 0.06739963591098785, 0.014122096821665764, -0.025310341268777847, -0.00906120054423809, 0.05975049361586571, -0.009616798721253872, 0.02717144414782524, 0.024810055270791054, -0.0054269107058644295, 0.025993671268224716, -0.03100290521979332, -0.011092372238636017, 0.016903165727853775, 0.03949875384569168, -0.02055445685982704, -0.0029652786906808615, -0.06390216946601868, 0.06786693632602692, 0.00715977605432272, 0.09153330326080322, -0.0299733467400074, 0.01955704763531685, -0.0043890574015676975, 0.028278890997171402, -0.021523579955101013, -0.00786866620182991, -0.025556353852152824, 0.028587572276592255, -0.03388332203030586, 0.04540252685546875, -0.0298711396753788, -0.03972833976149559, 0.00835976842790842, -0.030352957546710968, 0.049346111714839935, -0.0031444693449884653, 0.0002020105457631871, 0.03985496610403061, -0.03406434878706932, -0.019237274304032326, -0.012839632108807564, -0.001964760012924671, -0.06843548268079758, 0.023866519331932068, -0.014359482564032078, -0.01464686170220375, -0.06439480185508728, 0.01341814361512661, 0.05521468445658684, -0.0014376521576195955, -0.04170564189553261, 0.008021806366741657, -0.05985521897673607, -0.012053485959768295, 0.0010013026185333729, -0.0034609499853104353, 0.06266410648822784, -0.056823451071977615, 0.038749389350414276, -0.012902190908789635, -0.05682414025068283, -0.002693494549021125, -0.02928156778216362, -0.02049330808222294, -0.016125258058309555, -0.03755168616771698, -0.02063114196062088, -0.032890789210796356, -0.032513197511434555, -0.0710606724023819, -0.010385827161371708, 0.018108049407601357, 0.018236307427287102, -0.014533528126776218, 0.06199660897254944, -0.03847698122262955, 0.017202312126755714, 0.04622596129775047, -0.037759047001600266, 0.018380627036094666, -0.029532626271247864, 0.053789857774972916, 0.02846621908247471, 0.002357227262109518, -0.03356399014592171, 0.029708148911595345, 0.011260287836194038, -0.032803427428007126, -0.0005780549836345017, 0.017218220978975296, 0.028471574187278748 ]
<p>This is an ultra-soft question about relatively recent history. While reading some of Mandelstam's papers, I noticed that he cites David John Candlin consistenly whenever he does anything with Grassman path-integral. Everyone else cites Berezin.</p> <p>So I read Candlin's 1956 paper, and I was stunned to find a complete and correct description of anticommuting variables, presented more lucidly than anywhere else, with a clear definition of Grassman integration, and a proof that it reproduces the Fermionic quantum field. This is clearly the original source of all the Grassman methods. I was stunned that the inventor of this method is quietly buried away.</p> <p>I wrote the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_John_Candlin">Wikipedia page on the guy</a>, but I couldn't find out anything beyond the sketchy stuff I found on an old Princeton staff listing. The fellow doesn't google very well at all.</p> <p>Here are the questions:</p> <ul> <li>Is he still alive? (Hello? Are you there?)</li> <li>Did he become the experimental physicist David John Candlin in the late 1970s/early 1980s? Or is this someone else with the same name?</li> <li>Did he get any credit for his discovery?</li> </ul> <p>I mean, this is one of the central tools of modern physics, it is used every day by every theorist, and the inventor is never mentioned. It's 50% of the path integral. Why the silence?</p>
g4634
[ 0.08473643660545349, 0.016100410372018814, 0.030406614765524864, 0.002107477281242609, 0.011331327259540558, 0.03416815400123596, 0.05763484537601471, 0.08406537026166916, -0.013381043449044228, -0.011190230026841164, -0.03837014362215996, -0.03520951792597771, 0.05054548755288124, 0.04197616130113602, -0.015158296562731266, -0.022616200149059296, 0.0020548966713249683, 0.012966186739504337, 0.021992912515997887, -0.13376474380493164, -0.020067531615495682, 0.01653939299285412, 0.10110507905483246, 0.02333504520356655, -0.025211043655872345, -0.03726261481642723, -0.02796146646142006, -0.07399909943342209, -0.010861572809517384, -0.03010370582342148, 0.029219893738627434, -0.05372324958443642, -0.000977946212515235, -0.014714227057993412, -0.05249457061290741, -0.04487450793385506, 0.03981713205575943, 0.03930322080850601, -0.03165028244256973, 0.035913243889808655, -0.013415243476629257, 0.015094117261469364, 0.004891290329396725, -0.024114495143294334, 0.0378255620598793, 0.05848999321460724, -0.06791166961193085, -0.007910317741334438, -0.021129902452230453, -0.040087610483169556, -0.021617569029331207, 0.024534333497285843, 0.04182634875178337, 0.010943141765892506, 0.02577037923038006, 0.006695126183331013, -0.012933346442878246, -0.019512634724378586, 0.04168449342250824, 0.00867546908557415, 0.015859009698033333, -0.04748539626598358, 0.008758923970162868, -0.014845184050500393, 0.03745536506175995, 0.02883324958384037, -0.011531837284564972, 0.014988983049988747, 0.009834937751293182, -0.017405861988663673, 0.06661185622215271, -0.06711386889219284, 0.003203420899808407, -0.008565453812479973, 0.06380998343229294, 0.021484985947608948, 0.03727508708834648, -0.011386629194021225, 0.033273983746767044, -0.028029141947627068, -0.0574934221804142, -0.014277255162596703, -0.010804317891597748, 0.01266457512974739, 0.07080095261335373, -0.042178086936473846, 0.02887372113764286, 0.023049812763929367, -0.008262041956186295, 0.0034545741509646177, -0.02099919691681862, 0.034738633781671524, 0.01920444332063198, -0.024315185844898224, -0.024007711559534073, -0.027110762894153595, -0.04170067980885506, 0.016300201416015625, -0.01081725675612688, -0.04719090089201927, 0.010669061914086342, -0.016186939552426338, 0.009878183715045452, 0.048810672014951706, 0.012473763898015022, 0.03348750248551369, 0.014886071905493736, -0.05796385556459427, 0.030728930607438087, 0.03199763223528862, -0.020786568522453308, 0.011892657727003098, -0.07050633430480957, -0.03966883569955826, -0.035719409584999084, 0.0022653245832771063, 0.05201755464076996, 0.013648007996380329, -0.010899447835981846, 0.040799833834171295, -0.00716093135997653, 0.00511481799185276, 0.04582945257425308, -0.012547062709927559, -0.023264741525053978, 0.018868086859583855, -0.031176889315247536, 0.02127317152917385, -0.04375319927930832, 0.07745368033647537, -0.02899756096303463, 0.03712395951151848, 0.015079016797244549, -0.02377506159245968, 0.0382748506963253, -0.011087760329246521, -0.04207487031817436, -0.00017537330859340727, 0.0013252515345811844, 0.020149363204836845, -0.0029207386542111635, -0.04265233129262924, -0.007545275613665581, 0.026610979810357094, 0.03673860430717468, 0.038777194917201996, -0.03217960521578789, -0.029048124328255653, -0.06640393286943436, -0.003025280311703682, 0.056601639837026596, 0.041172467172145844, 0.05817066505551338, -0.030880531296133995, -0.06593228131532669, -0.01524486392736435, -0.027333686128258705, -0.0513547845184803, 0.034357137978076935, -0.013910084962844849, 0.011188768781721592, 0.01049328688532114, 0.008824431337416172, -0.04452682286500931, 0.004676334094256163, -0.04300520569086075, 0.003889542305842042, -0.01963965781033039, -0.01418091356754303, -0.04252355918288231, -0.025620078667998314, 0.022349078208208084, 0.022239232435822487, 0.009475412778556347, 0.0043147471733391285, -0.002404123079031706, -0.033802349120378494, -0.05645434185862541, -0.03530030697584152, -0.009688038378953934, -0.003835145151242614, -0.013777936808764935, -0.006987745873630047, -0.01838126964867115, -0.004623918794095516, 0.01912515237927437, -0.015554631128907204, -0.026300791651010513, -0.05249977484345436, -0.058247555047273636, 0.020872872322797775, 0.0158306285738945, 0.02625621296465397, 0.08089696615934372, 0.00867236778140068, 0.00218831654638052, 0.018207453191280365, -0.04011837765574455, 0.015872692689299583, 0.058500584214925766, -0.016256824135780334, 0.06389375030994415, 0.04283096641302109, -0.07242223620414734, 0.010623198933899403, -0.01172246690839529, 0.022951295599341393, 0.03881204500794411, 0.02322445996105671, -0.045458514243364334, 0.029910655692219734, 0.031723275780677795, 0.03498804196715355, -0.003821450285613537, -0.013879110105335712, -0.021225659176707268, 0.01594206877052784, -0.020173517987132072, 0.013021829538047314, 0.029014678671956062, -0.008403836749494076, 0.029804054647684097, -0.035422977060079575, -0.007446567993611097, 0.0013059335760772228, 0.02134839817881584, -0.01004243828356266, 0.003047967329621315, -0.07320800423622131, 0.041655588895082474, -0.1183062419295311, 0.0066685122437775135, -0.023849504068493843, -0.0037071164697408676, 0.027314404025673866, 0.021263422444462776, 0.04938405752182007, -0.016261862590909004, 0.04468404874205589, 0.009196602739393711, -0.010275856591761112, -0.031387798488140106, -0.040526699274778366, 0.03287065774202347, 0.028325334191322327, 0.015834767371416092, 0.024064989760518074, 0.012596037238836288, -0.02916920930147171, -0.024889826774597168, -0.017646901309490204, -0.01426989771425724, -0.0421527661383152, 0.004409224260598421, -0.028979714959859848, 0.03249040246009827, -0.020600415766239166, 0.01614752784371376, 0.027489908039569855, -0.01460358314216137, 0.05218968912959099, -0.0031867260113358498, 0.08541037142276764, 0.0196820180863142, 0.008104003965854645, -0.07498753070831299, -0.022480538114905357, 0.06709623336791992, -0.014245339669287205, 0.02969258651137352, -0.05584767833352089, 0.0748785138130188, -0.013536167331039906, -0.025724969804286957, 0.026993315666913986, -0.0007503803353756666, 0.000307666341541335, -0.012160000391304493, 0.010412310250103474, 0.0515529103577137, -0.033045295625925064, -0.04079999029636383, -0.06772711873054504, 0.018506500869989395, 0.006589377298951149, -0.01857106015086174, 0.04200936481356621, 0.005842909682542086, -0.0015399337280541658, -0.03709016367793083, 0.0010626568691805005, 0.01694556511938572, -0.007813910953700542, -0.02321563847362995, -0.016101980581879616, -0.012787397019565105, -0.002173926215618849, -0.07159809023141861, -0.003857555566355586, -0.006335049401968718, 0.0577426441013813, 0.00038962505641393363, 0.008894984610378742, 0.016014430671930313, 0.057802341878414154, -0.04001699388027191, -0.07181095331907272, 0.024235568940639496, -0.013337936252355576, -0.03481164202094078, 0.016438981518149376, 0.029443401843309402, 0.015770627185702324, -0.03391628712415695, -0.0024590916000306606, 0.02128829061985016, 0.0319376215338707, 0.030956218019127846, 0.09168940037488937, -0.04497561976313591, -0.06190822646021843, -0.02059243991971016, -0.07541225850582123, -0.04677163437008858, 0.09264452010393143, -0.010139173828065395, 0.012477952055633068, 0.008235449902713299, 0.011569148860871792, -0.020168455317616463, 0.03920163959264755, -0.03594479709863663, -0.042693670839071274, -0.011612198315560818, -0.042243313044309616, -0.10507103055715561, -0.04915425553917885, 0.026333296671509743, 0.04660095274448395, 0.012538290582597256, -0.03874606266617775, -0.011145276017487049, 0.02141951397061348, -0.011943696066737175, -0.01655443385243416, 0.002956514712423086, 0.019757568836212158, 0.018516378477215767, -0.015327171422541142, 0.006162105593830347, -0.012356306426227093, 0.02975957654416561, -0.0011082962155342102, -0.01056424155831337, -0.03088092803955078, 0.039561085402965546, 0.024416258558630943, 0.05896449834108353, 0.04973547160625458, 0.04198423773050308, -0.00540181202813983, -0.0056608677841722965, 0.03655199706554413, -0.008950243704020977, 0.014433606527745724, 0.005550147499889135, -0.026325903832912445, 0.033932071179151535, -0.000298635452054441, -0.03944528475403786, -0.0183087345212698, -0.029404204338788986, 0.02839457243680954, -0.02340794913470745, -0.05121038854122162, -0.016043661162257195, -0.004765632096678019, 0.09314512461423874, -0.06283938139677048, 0.03897726535797119, -0.018273409456014633, 0.046083953231573105, 0.023292724043130875, -0.014898019842803478, -0.006610190495848656, 0.014951142482459545, -0.08406277000904083, 0.0004315931582823396, 0.00046727550216019154, -0.018760984763503075, 0.037186846137046814, 0.01762131229043007, 0.0038851310964673758, 0.0315709188580513, -0.030246200039982796, 0.08928540349006653, -0.07062239944934845, -0.015403452329337597, 0.03548052906990051, 0.0706242173910141, -0.01676580309867859, -0.010403847321867943, 0.02404121309518814, 0.028341127559542656, -0.034711260348558426, 0.05580834671854973, 0.016506878659129143, -0.017340609803795815, 0.05777802690863609, -0.00828885193914175, -0.0010389549424871802, -0.011546599678695202, 0.004729174077510834, -0.041081804782152176, -0.01745663769543171, -0.044805895537137985, -0.004615244921296835, -0.02160918153822422, -0.01603534258902073, -0.05598253756761551, 0.012002239935100079, 0.013800913468003273, -0.09164634346961975, 0.0024725347757339478, 0.020529840141534805, 0.03691210225224495, 0.014418759383261204, 0.00845898687839508, -0.03644170984625816, -0.05791890621185303, 0.014151385053992271, 0.03675270453095436, -0.007678184192627668, 0.004214758053421974, -0.012762903235852718, -0.03635551035404205, 0.022025078535079956, 0.0713595375418663, 0.0008266486111097038, 0.08613602072000504, 0.09703411161899567, -0.0014594981912523508, 0.0037924516946077347, -0.010967981070280075, 0.01324950810521841, 0.008765830658376217, -0.02468869462609291, -0.03567564859986305, -0.017379483208060265, -0.03200405463576317, 0.031860772520303726, 0.0003791831841226667, -0.020251141861081123, 0.016392910853028297, -0.00483716418966651, -0.019331376999616623, -0.02589869499206543, -0.045959681272506714, 0.041659895330667496, 0.01597214676439762, -0.04954703152179718, 0.0028304141014814377, -0.037022046744823456, 0.00621310668066144, 0.04993307963013649, 0.0022937613539397717, -0.05051061883568764, -0.011156617663800716, 0.0010471651330590248, 0.045091480016708374, 0.011115974746644497, 0.04319508373737335, 0.0008665153873153031, 0.006820655893534422, -0.029907021671533585, -0.01517483964562416, -0.003103303024545312, -0.009333685971796513, 0.03147384524345398, 0.03950028494000435, -0.01550175528973341, -0.01439468190073967, 0.011632264591753483, -0.03359980508685112, 0.0019963306840509176, 0.0576724112033844, -0.04215153679251671, 0.008150466717779636, -0.0644754022359848, -0.029391087591648102, 0.05359285697340965, -0.0380450114607811, 0.0552506186068058, -0.03088913857936859, -0.0013956357724964619, -0.022156916558742523, -0.009902600198984146, -0.053935177624225616, -0.002077209297567606, -0.008872611448168755, -0.05600441247224808, 0.04725654795765877, 0.030003871768712997, -0.046415288001298904, 0.006795675028115511, 0.015649454668164253, 0.05295698344707489, -0.00172953843139112, 0.017564823850989342, -0.0799865871667862, 0.0038060820661485195, 0.009243179112672806, -0.006076972000300884, 0.018279774114489555, -0.005536392796784639, 0.028156831860542297, 0.00920645147562027, -0.020954685285687447, 0.015324370935559273, -0.0975634828209877, -0.03427165746688843, 0.013304604217410088, -0.007627090904861689, -0.0007287965272553265, -0.009326901286840439, 0.008083832450211048, -0.03078487142920494, -0.0699460357427597, -0.013943464495241642, 0.035064175724983215, -0.021004127338528633, -0.02652929536998272, -0.0061027961783111095, 0.005467891693115234, -0.03306037560105324, -0.03318924084305763, -0.0048807719722390175, 0.04601611942052841, -0.005320343188941479, -0.01751631125807762, -0.02650093473494053, -0.025376111268997192, 0.030030278488993645, 0.027081213891506195, -0.045783136039972305, -0.042537715286016464, -0.0015291047748178244, -0.01557338610291481, 0.059482984244823456, -0.06821475178003311, -0.029515961185097694, -0.02318001538515091, -0.010066928341984749, 0.00114091404248029, 0.009720714762806892, -0.012313623912632465, -0.11306352913379669, 0.019611740484833717, 0.005012719426304102, 0.040043361485004425, 0.005875749047845602, 0.01779153198003769, 0.009648728184401989, -0.023792386054992676, -0.05071954056620598, -0.042533718049526215, -0.006354869809001684, -0.01447995100170374, -0.01756700500845909, 0.09548868983983994, 0.024868329986929893, -0.018206056207418442, -0.003983173985034227, 0.08054213225841522, 0.0361105352640152, 0.03463435918092728, -0.01977705769240856, -0.04083923250436783, -0.028939787298440933, -0.0210792887955904, 0.014831243082880974, -0.02244909293949604, 0.02696356549859047, -0.030925007537007332, -0.04364167898893356, -0.010980273596942425, -0.05711519345641136, -0.01424784678965807, 0.007646494545042515, 0.04449896141886711, -0.014737808145582676, 0.01681791990995407, 0.016344163566827774, 0.01485745795071125, -0.03340606018900871, -0.029753757640719414, -0.011852170340716839, 0.029287509620189667, -0.025256402790546417, 0.019278177991509438, 0.02091992273926735, -0.03444991633296013, 0.023744456470012665, 0.008406387642025948, 0.03872210159897804, 0.025770138949155807, 0.04981936886906624, 0.028364812955260277, 0.04215158522129059, -0.025257272645831108, -0.026727326214313507, 0.007571409456431866, -0.010427327826619148, 0.03872033581137657, -0.030811568722128868, -0.03129458427429199, -0.015689555555582047, 0.012558933347463608, -0.07267121970653534, -0.013045706786215305, 0.03430663421750069, 0.05399483069777489, 0.007095372304320335, -0.0051134550012648106, -0.05147436633706093, 0.04907967150211334, 0.0019029384711757302, -0.0012715111952275038, 0.046847909688949585, -0.01338953711092472, -0.016112713143229485, 0.03685253486037254, 0.10678663104772568, 0.002561059780418873, -0.027232106775045395, 0.04037126898765564, -0.03913796693086624, 0.008914938196539879, 0.020292440429329872, 0.045515723526477814, -0.020600322633981705, 0.0025181882083415985, 0.014231408014893532, -0.04487910494208336, -0.036983974277973175, 0.024297639727592468, 0.026838211342692375, -0.05419793725013733, -0.033340685069561005, 0.04793424531817436, 0.025672541931271553, 0.04638916626572609, 0.010499304160475731, 0.02627936378121376, 0.05271885544061661, 0.03637748956680298, 0.027157962322235107, 0.04127223417162895, 0.011410284787416458, -0.0799981951713562, -0.052700888365507126, -0.004767417907714844, -0.02399800345301628, -0.0777272954583168, -0.011530286632478237, -0.012115486897528172, 0.012223663739860058, 0.00610548397526145, 0.05434741824865341, 0.02804640308022499, -0.025098541751503944, -0.0051156082190573215, -0.04631631076335907, 0.024406811222434044, -0.012545168399810791, -0.04825372248888016, 0.01814144104719162, 0.04025198146700859, -0.013061310164630413, -0.02580948919057846, -0.00457035144791007, 0.11596175283193588, -0.04401325806975365, -0.029367903247475624, 0.010136309079825878, -0.04526549205183983, -0.03172551840543747, -0.013270586729049683, 0.015186513774096966, 0.006721369456499815, -0.009279645048081875, -0.02306154929101467, -0.000575734069570899, -0.025624142959713936, 0.014171890914440155, 0.056232232600450516, 0.02703225053846836, 0.06836384534835815, 0.01728699915111065, 0.05792868137359619, 0.09357251971960068, -0.0338553823530674, -0.035613417625427246, 0.07393339276313782, 0.02317325584590435, 0.006742644589394331, -0.016922911629080772, 0.008083515800535679, -0.06301992386579514, 0.0708996132016182, -0.0033209447283297777, -0.0019762669689953327, 0.03251449391245842, 0.08331184834241867, 0.005384358577430248, 0.04998990148305893, -0.0220135860145092, 0.026611579582095146, -0.0027797874063253403, 0.013459118083119392, 0.07576386630535126, -0.005611927714198828, -0.0013454837026074529, -0.02241671085357666, -0.007746564224362373, -0.006765176076442003, -0.008521625772118568, 0.019710155203938484, 0.032263725996017456, -0.01872960664331913, 0.04065902531147003, -0.04417030140757561, -0.05633857101202011, -0.02450457587838173, -0.09061580151319504, -0.036693453788757324, -0.09610521793365479, 0.016698280349373817, -0.029280053451657295, -0.050320178270339966, -0.0046504647471010685, -0.06475066393613815, 0.044724855571985245, -0.016221066936850548, -0.006130401510745287, -0.06324458122253418, -0.030897246673703194, 0.014241854660212994, 0.0010949145071208477, -0.004696482792496681, 0.058111805468797684, 0.02866741456091404, -0.03334639221429825, 0.031151058152318, 0.07029587030410767, 0.0035865933168679476, 0.0591118149459362, -0.004217708948999643, 0.014864909462630749, 0.03865637257695198, 0.015291424468159676, -0.02463427558541298, 0.044188160449266434, 0.057822711765766144, -0.0022603238467127085, 0.04913033917546272, -0.029937414452433586, 0.0229331161826849 ]
<p>I live in Ireland where serving food on hot plates is considered “good cooking practice” to ensure the food remains warm – I come from France where I have rarely seen it done.</p> <p>I am wondering if this practice really is useful. I assume it depends on the difference of temperature between the food and the plate, as heat won’t transfer as fast to the plate. But wouldn’t the extra time the food remains above an “acceptable” temperature threshold just be marginal?</p>
g4635
[ 0.0710025504231453, 0.05271001160144806, 0.006096933037042618, -0.04166201129555702, 0.009509500116109848, -0.0037269520107656717, -0.09771756082773209, 0.04034918174147606, -0.034498877823352814, 0.025645693764090538, 0.001108725555241108, 0.012286817654967308, -0.0181319247931242, 0.06941960752010345, 0.042088162153959274, -0.0068049319088459015, 0.026635102927684784, -0.019105713814496994, -0.018257932737469673, 0.048579223453998566, 0.0019732739310711622, 0.01937280222773552, -0.02552332729101181, -0.017762435600161552, -0.1275697648525238, -0.048565611243247986, -0.006383166648447514, 0.005732960533350706, -0.029138728976249695, -0.0358230285346508, -0.046992965042591095, -0.018982265144586563, 0.010298340581357479, -0.008440336212515831, -0.017565889284014702, 0.01195192988961935, 0.023588016629219055, -0.005445340182632208, 0.001670901314355433, -0.03537945821881294, 0.0123698515817523, 0.03142975643277168, 0.014083067886531353, 0.040117211639881134, 0.07224783301353455, 0.03379756584763527, -0.05083514377474785, 0.0221696849912405, -0.005583824124187231, 0.01792294904589653, 0.03290055692195892, -0.03752719238400459, -0.04134734347462654, -0.009696613065898418, -0.02982504293322563, -0.022450877353549004, 0.008282237686216831, 0.06497421860694885, 0.052935801446437836, 0.01789093390107155, 0.049781229346990585, -0.0012370283948257565, -0.01828615553677082, -0.04970991984009743, -0.0017010757001116872, 0.0821729451417923, -0.04282040148973465, 0.06277097761631012, 0.05597463995218277, 0.011694744229316711, -0.021413179114460945, -0.01725982129573822, -0.03788386657834053, -0.06227697432041168, -0.046461544930934906, -0.0032611622009426355, -0.02360118180513382, -0.014201086014509201, 0.004203747492283583, 0.060186490416526794, -0.014395765028893948, -0.021693438291549683, -0.03376569226384163, 0.03819776698946953, -0.03705911710858345, -0.005068358965218067, 0.05347716435790062, -0.015999410301446915, 0.008314333856105804, 0.06209982559084892, 0.0285724475979805, -0.030959606170654297, 0.0603175014257431, 0.06512413918972015, -0.010101856663823128, 0.04053955897688866, -0.006551526021212339, 0.0302253607660532, -0.033649884164333344, 0.02584480121731758, 0.03593749925494194, -0.016989044845104218, 0.03415839746594429, 0.02201213501393795, -0.03814977779984474, 0.02019350230693817, 0.06694474071264267, 0.032631468027830124, 0.03045208938419819, 0.0017128399340435863, -0.04224777594208717, -0.016699034720659256, -0.0787799060344696, -0.047888658940792084, -0.03967811167240143, 0.0064574554562568665, 0.052768584340810776, 0.04535742849111557, -0.006367306690663099, 0.03718966990709305, 0.04194869473576546, 0.02347339130938053, 0.0343046709895134, 0.03586284816265106, 0.012212082743644714, -0.023040058091282845, -0.04455620050430298, -0.02048381045460701, 0.0030694445595145226, 0.029196150600910187, -0.0581473708152771, 0.021913206204771996, -0.06144465506076813, -0.003441652748733759, -0.005144177470356226, 0.013611294329166412, 0.046834200620651245, -0.019997764378786087, -0.024917595088481903, 0.018653754144906998, 0.06339386850595474, 0.019411901012063026, -0.03540557622909546, -0.07332780957221985, 0.015844838693737984, 0.0581485852599144, -0.023316770792007446, -0.03392493352293968, 0.0268104150891304, 0.03554978221654892, -0.00041773999691940844, 0.078779436647892, 0.045275814831256866, 0.042691539973020554, -0.029876548796892166, -0.019273152574896812, -0.035864539444446564, -0.04700521379709244, 0.08572670072317123, 0.021594278514385223, 0.027777032926678658, -0.028026646003127098, 0.001690976321697235, -0.06318426132202148, -0.06034373119473457, -0.0262216217815876, -0.0034263653215020895, -0.020866503939032555, -0.04395316541194916, 0.03239265829324722, -0.037335556000471115, 0.037103552371263504, 0.0007332240929827094, -0.03617072105407715, -0.009340445511043072, -0.0675286054611206, 0.06179078295826912, 0.02822130359709263, 0.010171777568757534, -0.031749848276376724, -0.07990104705095291, 0.024263516068458557, -0.01992521435022354, -0.04908720403909683, 0.015203199349343777, 0.00566176837310195, 0.021538833156228065, -0.0451003797352314, -0.033754538744688034, -0.017070772126317024, -0.0254225917160511, -0.04446421563625336, 0.0688006579875946, 0.01560455746948719, -0.0038352501578629017, -0.0009519888553768396, -0.01664828695356846, 0.01991686038672924, -0.00559296365827322, 0.015433859080076218, -0.00952049158513546, -0.02029554545879364, 0.0119762709364295, 0.018620966002345085, -0.048529431223869324, 0.05213293805718422, 0.007562416139990091, -0.01985539123415947, -0.02978278137743473, -0.0427045077085495, -0.0438803993165493, 0.05481801927089691, 0.008629675023257732, 0.005665096454322338, 0.008198722265660763, 0.06254514306783676, -0.025050796568393707, 0.06436976790428162, 0.0011048944434151053, 0.06041356548666954, 0.0038835133891552687, -0.005271547939628363, 0.017204048112034798, 0.023471612483263016, -0.0028339254204183817, -0.011026356369256973, -0.048058025538921356, -0.020985320210456848, -0.030597537755966187, 0.05961725115776062, -0.03735631704330444, -0.027875900268554688, 0.00335984886623919, -0.05673958361148834, -0.01741495169699192, 0.004417372401803732, 0.04455163702368736, -0.0009796088561415672, -0.01171911507844925, 0.047960687428712845, 0.0038528996519744396, -0.06184462830424309, -0.01580742746591568, 0.020603889599442482, -0.010362107306718826, -0.00004552464815787971, -0.00258781760931015, 0.004448790103197098, 0.00636752974241972, -0.06483353674411774, 0.02138557843863964, 0.021497508510947227, 0.031430989503860474, 0.0031610955484211445, -0.020139198750257492, 0.012060515582561493, -0.003703458933159709, 0.035105157643556595, -0.026316877454519272, 0.03674944117665291, 0.04618343710899353, 0.006889659445732832, 0.005616455804556608, -0.015191393904387951, 0.011346282437443733, -0.0008521897834725678, -0.07065950334072113, 0.040664978325366974, -0.016026975587010384, 0.04539031535387039, 0.03724813461303711, -0.012668129056692123, -0.021641062572598457, 0.02111194282770157, -0.007058498449623585, -0.02297201193869114, -0.015297477133572102, -0.012785276398062706, 0.05772286280989647, -0.022339139133691788, 0.03374101221561432, -0.1091596707701683, -0.02994099073112011, 0.003614360699430108, -0.03245311975479126, 0.014902765862643719, -0.04553791880607605, 0.02416243776679039, -0.07256408035755157, -0.029299668967723846, -0.003163442946970463, -0.008817700669169426, 0.05537663772702217, -0.005897333845496178, 0.014317885972559452, 0.03226203843951225, 0.026678791269659996, -0.07056963443756104, -0.020991336554288864, -0.040415208786726, 0.021595269441604614, -0.010624569840729237, -0.06159602850675583, 0.03122076578438282, 0.03696887567639351, 0.044913399964571, -0.05560610443353653, 0.013742508366703987, -0.05085816606879234, -0.049196887761354446, 0.05907703563570976, 0.005344875156879425, -0.054645515978336334, 0.03675733134150505, -0.01341814175248146, -0.009899036958813667, -0.014128211885690689, 0.025791430845856667, 0.04551352560520172, 0.018907086923718452, 0.009195780381560326, 0.043705880641937256, -0.005672417115420103, 0.027148820459842682, 0.030209455639123917, 0.10740583389997482, 0.03805801644921303, -0.0042147100903093815, -0.014745008200407028, 0.013845040462911129, 0.01413914654403925, 0.05126069486141205, -0.03904910758137703, -0.034729063510894775, -0.002347387373447418, -0.017854753881692886, 0.05686398223042488, -0.013675093650817871, -0.029003262519836426, 0.06807675957679749, 0.020018190145492554, -0.010655440390110016, 0.041710175573825836, 0.013551130890846252, 0.062087442725896835, -0.01004506554454565, 0.05593634024262428, -0.024638405069708824, -0.024805398657917976, 0.028364285826683044, 0.012408124282956123, 0.006727900356054306, -0.008134412579238415, 0.004320203792303801, -0.04213432967662811, -0.03783578798174858, -0.028576795011758804, -0.023299485445022583, -0.02073187381029129, 0.03863656893372536, -0.009430387988686562, 0.03945821896195412, -0.0029264986515045166, -0.0008907088777050376, 0.013213232159614563, 0.05603664740920067, -0.03648240119218826, 0.03822234645485878, 0.024784056469798088, 0.02020961232483387, -0.021147621795535088, -0.02679184079170227, -0.000952842878177762, 0.02681603655219078, 0.021119916811585426, 0.03210075944662094, 0.015130328945815563, 0.0011868790024891496, 0.016810135915875435, 0.028102535754442215, -0.05515265464782715, -0.019312329590320587, -0.001854275236837566, -0.0030777358915656805, 0.033536653965711594, 0.007586360443383455, 0.025773487985134125, 0.0011612751986831427, -0.0002348232374060899, -0.03747164085507393, 0.039952345192432404, -0.04108906537294388, 0.015128087252378464, 0.007827314548194408, 0.06784064322710037, 0.009228757582604885, -0.028803469613194466, -0.016675733029842377, 0.06974774599075317, 0.012751158326864243, -0.005381077527999878, 0.005040841642767191, 0.03885107859969139, 0.024263015016913414, -0.07471981644630432, -0.05813112109899521, 0.035802438855171204, -0.04142792522907257, -0.050023965537548065, -0.07183429598808289, 0.006049136631190777, -0.0373457707464695, 0.029034342616796494, 0.015589232556521893, -0.012352689169347286, 0.008294753730297089, -0.00990215316414833, -0.022006312385201454, -0.034903403371572495, -0.022173162549734116, -0.03947756439447403, 0.022548899054527283, -0.0053022475913167, -0.019607191905379295, -0.0023585285525768995, 0.06753204762935638, 0.012129359878599644, -0.0042073349468410015, -0.022697988897562027, -0.003716591978445649, 0.037497565150260925, 0.0425986684858799, -0.021196560934185982, -0.03491191193461418, -0.005937470588833094, -0.010106549598276615, -0.051526352763175964, 0.0007995475898496807, -0.07444199919700623, 0.009046757593750954, -0.019934816285967827, -0.027311041951179504, -0.029573600739240646, 0.030441636219620705, -0.0452781617641449, -0.0012130922405049205, 0.023673364892601967, 0.004487588070333004, 0.036394257098436356, -0.1156219094991684, 0.00717491889372468, 0.044854648411273956, 0.003453656565397978, 0.035037584602832794, -0.007802190724760294, -0.0469483807682991, 0.003203009720891714, -0.002302102278918028, -0.05638638511300087, -0.0067059979774057865, -0.014518377371132374, -0.006711131427437067, -0.011489562690258026, -0.012040521949529648, -0.010429657995700836, -0.01972973719239235, -0.018567223101854324, -0.0430663526058197, -0.02520028129220009, 0.023184441030025482, 0.033405669033527374, 0.055482860654592514, 0.02503972314298153, 0.0003286947903688997, 0.008349264971911907, 0.023908983916044235, -0.04245937615633011, 0.040433019399642944, 0.04460568726062775, -0.017763258889317513, -0.013625933788716793, 0.0036183767952024937, 0.0758102610707283, 0.02535353973507881, 0.006723582744598389, -0.05779637023806572, -0.0024034830275923014, -0.037864118814468384, 0.05862986668944359, 0.00936210434883833, 0.030349327251315117, 0.029809072613716125, 0.00703994557261467, 0.034491412341594696, 0.009061012417078018, -0.03970072790980339, 0.0043720826506614685, 0.013736569322645664, -0.019082792103290558, -0.018422115594148636, -0.006034424528479576, 0.027707604691386223, 0.038990654051303864, -0.00947376899421215, -0.017627382650971413, 0.020676178857684135, 0.06946496665477753, -0.019660748541355133, 0.013184532523155212, 0.07152101397514343, 0.06001776456832886, -0.009508016519248486, -0.03274448588490486, -0.03657890483736992, 0.03332754969596863, -0.03644178435206413, 0.017038818448781967, -0.059282999485731125, 0.01735857129096985, -0.04188939183950424, 0.0009391966159455478, 0.04547027498483658, -0.009900102391839027, 0.008933805860579014, 0.02059233747422695, -0.049221012741327286, -0.03872447833418846, 0.019387828186154366, -0.03488048166036606, 0.015026533044874668, 0.03446592018008232, 0.012538311071693897, -0.031183606013655663, 0.03283288702368736, -0.06274011731147766, -0.014151515439152718, -0.05353313311934471, -0.0050902231596410275, 0.03926847130060196, 0.025148732587695122, -0.06502410024404526, -0.02848157472908497, 0.0759061649441719, 0.05955228954553604, 0.02446887083351612, -0.03388179838657379, -0.0391603447496891, 0.003140606451779604, 0.04304439574480057, -0.015458679758012295, -0.009370340965688229, 0.03836372122168541, -0.023679351434111595, -0.023278947919607162, 0.02584257163107395, 0.025220166891813278, 0.08304816484451294, 0.001154945115558803, 0.06359147280454636, -0.016631226986646652, 0.011436332948505878, -0.0269112940877676, -0.004702111706137657, 0.014209880493581295, -0.00504272012040019, -0.038166433572769165, -0.04201018437743187, -0.03460158035159111, 0.0003341037954669446, 0.017594119533896446, 0.031039254739880562, -0.025894325226545334, 0.012281152419745922, -0.01067123468965292, -0.057781439274549484, 0.021357376128435135, -0.02910006232559681, 0.002207906451076269, -0.013835243880748749, -0.06984744966030121, -0.03458913415670395, 0.018239296972751617, -0.0643632709980011, 0.030918894335627556, 0.00242544524371624, 0.05375625193119049, -0.0005453784833662212, 0.016071820631623268, -0.022774524986743927, -0.03285958990454674, 0.01433548890054226, -0.030188467353582382, -0.001867296639829874, 0.0034433347173035145, 0.07676995545625687, -0.04201173409819603, 0.04004882276058197, 0.07406773418188095, -0.0343850813806057, 0.04465175047516823, 0.02902238257229328, -0.006237576249986887, 0.0008535436354577541, -0.07527809590101242, -0.019120432436466217, 0.03233074024319649, 0.049216825515031815, 0.020846255123615265, 0.028250237926840782, -0.006742892786860466, 0.02845592424273491, 0.005885438993573189, 0.04748040437698364, -0.02052467130124569, -0.03555445745587349, -0.04437519609928131, -0.021698111668229103, -0.017666231840848923, -0.024766694754362106, 0.03235494717955589, -0.018314873799681664, -0.027665263041853905, -0.05344216898083687, -0.022789470851421356, 0.016094258055090904, -0.03761226311326027, -0.04223921149969101, 0.03240806981921196, -0.017342912033200264, -0.09090962260961533, 0.004968492314219475, -0.06551291793584824, -0.038167182356119156, 0.028909945860505104, 0.010233770124614239, -0.006090252660214901, -0.038265250623226166, 0.017639759927988052, -0.04691721126437187, 0.016024263575673103, -0.10119608789682388, -0.006213259883224964, 0.03053225576877594, 0.006338386330753565, -0.023366596549749374, 0.002105630934238434, 0.02385745383799076, 0.0549350343644619, -0.018172675743699074, 0.01765303686261177, 0.002739184768870473, 0.02198687195777893, -0.10831718146800995, -0.010272313840687275, 0.05031387135386467, -0.025061896070837975, -0.029926087707281113, 0.010204396210610867, -0.03131444752216339, 0.008998071774840355, 0.04724103957414627, 0.0021023063454777002, -0.034098558127880096, -0.01516465563327074, 0.0362943671643734, 0.0078128008171916, -0.03871823102235794, -0.0304881539195776, -0.05366825312376022, -0.010992936789989471, 0.006817142944782972, 0.022675197571516037, 0.05164734646677971, -0.062374286353588104, 0.1194133535027504, 0.030709633603692055, -0.007404253352433443, -0.01537253987044096, -0.021156007423996925, 0.03706616908311844, -0.012012144550681114, -0.06806281208992004, 0.003875123802572489, 0.006745426449924707, 0.012642654590308666, -0.0011369159910827875, 0.010318460874259472, -0.036360375583171844, 0.03344586864113808, -0.03453580662608147, -0.0015627524117007852, 0.03895014151930809, 0.0030902125872671604, 0.0033635294530540705, 0.02547525428235531, 0.021383807063102722, 0.05797640234231949, -0.026692841202020645, 0.05185437202453613, 0.029809895902872086, -0.02962004579603672, -0.021140363067388535, 0.07201629132032394, -0.025462398305535316, 0.07796389609575272, 0.044594813138246536, -0.022226152941584587, -0.029407991096377373, -0.02606358379125595, -0.012090262956917286, 0.02847285196185112, 0.03365115076303482, 0.036163922399282455, 0.00956293661147356, 0.012412501499056816, -0.018468337133526802, -0.07117617130279541, -0.06952565163373947, -0.021992381662130356, 0.01872330531477928, 0.018561141565442085, -0.03755645081400871, 0.02806035429239273, 0.0015360175166279078, 0.03317246958613396, 0.027734188362956047, -0.013587766326963902, -0.0870988667011261, 0.07649675756692886, -0.020982377231121063, 0.028498483821749687, 0.023090876638889313, -0.005500011146068573, 0.03855085372924805, -0.01962735876441002, 0.04497227072715759, 0.03115151822566986, 0.005386588629335165, -0.02389245480298996, 0.03488243743777275, 0.04690052196383476, 0.06864461302757263, 0.018354393541812897, -0.012266678735613823, -0.02005910873413086, 0.0032360083423554897, 0.04096049442887306, -0.028752200305461884, -0.024873152375221252, 0.03729984536767006, -0.09488372504711151, -0.03631697967648506, -0.08679544925689697, 0.005671029910445213, -0.03824171423912048, -0.02105484902858734, -0.01590995118021965, -0.008735882118344307, 0.01779642328619957, 0.027207134291529655, -0.006875614635646343, 0.0036245870869606733, -0.0015163063071668148, -0.04426060616970062, -0.04425433278083801, -0.038606226444244385, 0.04176703095436096, -0.05750586837530136 ]
<blockquote> <p><strong>Possible Duplicate:</strong><br> <a href="http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/29805/richtmyer-meshkov-instability-in-mhd">Richtmyer Meshkov instability in MHD</a> </p> </blockquote> <p>The Richtmyer Meshkov instability in Hydrodynamics:- 1) When shock wave interacts with the contact discontinuity, it accumulates the vorticity on the CD 2) This causes the density discontinuity to curl up, and form series of vortices</p> <p>In application of the longitudinal magnetic field with conducting fluid as the working medium,</p> <p>1) The RM instability is suppressed 2) Series of new shocks is formed and it carries away the vorticity</p> <p>My question is , what exactly happens in Magneto-Hydrodynamic system? Why the RM instability is supressed? How can one get the physical intuition of what is happening at the interface?</p>
g462
[ 0.02041032910346985, 0.034923404455184937, -0.02945690043270588, 0.015794599428772926, 0.06921438127756119, 0.03778434917330742, 0.03670148551464081, 0.05146399512887001, -0.022646889090538025, -0.00836215540766716, -0.05426507443189621, 0.020926736295223236, -0.011450282298028469, 0.05148841813206673, -0.009684314019978046, 0.03494114801287651, -0.01932445913553238, 0.037033163011074066, 0.013090986758470535, 0.01979430951178074, -0.0871894434094429, 0.027736827731132507, 0.04505142569541931, -0.019501440227031708, 0.02761164680123329, 0.02870487980544567, 0.016055865213274956, -0.0001015671732602641, 0.009003084152936935, 0.009597182273864746, -0.01261371374130249, 0.027688341215252876, 0.06057741865515709, -0.03977590799331665, -0.0490364246070385, -0.04312241077423096, 0.006013182457536459, -0.01561429537832737, 0.025375952944159508, -0.00043955136789008975, 0.045798156410455704, -0.02649518847465515, -0.04986555874347687, -0.05856143683195114, -0.048656120896339417, 0.03342164307832718, -0.08081520348787308, 0.01922052539885044, -0.06544392555952072, 0.031067855656147003, 0.04413595795631409, -0.02088705264031887, 0.031215626746416092, -0.007913179695606232, 0.007709689904004335, 0.012792843393981457, 0.013873415067791939, -0.03473313897848129, 0.020085982978343964, -0.055217888206243515, -0.008745566010475159, 0.024367760866880417, -0.00871527474373579, 0.004476925823837519, 0.06571075320243835, -0.01356799341738224, -0.008478716015815735, 0.00587235763669014, 0.03247244656085968, 0.04654131457209587, -0.0030654133297502995, -0.06262832880020142, -0.033710651099681854, -0.01957692764699459, -0.009637277573347092, 0.023335186764597893, -0.0009540000464767218, 0.030918359756469727, -0.0022182173561304808, -0.033919524401426315, 0.0013551105512306094, 0.023837130516767502, -0.004663949366658926, -0.03674719110131264, -0.013641709461808205, 0.02656431496143341, 0.046519435942173004, 0.005294740665704012, -0.003373566083610058, -0.02575293369591236, -0.02235940657556057, -0.02581898123025894, 0.0046918559819459915, 0.017043963074684143, 0.012850492261350155, 0.018661243841052055, 0.00306260259822011, 0.028359368443489075, 0.010522937402129173, 0.008854914456605911, -0.050764281302690506, -0.05941338464617729, -0.04973267763853073, 0.001489226589910686, -0.011450737714767456, 0.0391806960105896, -0.0029668649658560753, 0.08075585961341858, 0.06345514208078384, -0.033048179000616074, -0.015700265765190125, -0.024090930819511414, -0.010553102008998394, 0.023741576820611954, 0.05485466122627258, -0.04657928645610809, -0.007528919260948896, 0.05336104333400726, -0.03001740388572216, 0.018302321434020996, -0.007200800348073244, -0.031926486641168594, -0.050160255283117294, 0.04924295097589493, 0.03437216952443123, -0.02130237966775894, -0.005225477274507284, 0.00038391692214645445, 0.02986038476228714, 0.054377537220716476, 0.029055582359433174, -0.00424333056434989, 0.015356303192675114, -0.044128935784101486, 0.052200060337781906, -0.0009522970649413764, 0.015480073168873787, 0.003321331227198243, 0.003673312021419406, -0.029933927580714226, 0.05702788010239601, -0.05272098630666733, 0.031159762293100357, -0.07863400131464005, 0.03288866952061653, -0.02256764844059944, 0.05971667915582657, -0.007642699871212244, 0.0024031095672398806, -0.0054345205426216125, 0.004792568273842335, 0.060504283756017685, -0.02274285815656185, -0.07783818989992142, 0.011576858349144459, 0.04297677055001259, 0.024371687322854996, 0.008953859098255634, -0.0338541716337204, 0.014290421269834042, 0.021397413685917854, -0.05070127174258232, -0.025129131972789764, 0.05201021209359169, -0.02302277646958828, 0.05044274404644966, 0.060998376458883286, -0.0037627576384693384, 0.012518179602921009, -0.02225370705127716, -0.004302855581045151, 0.04005780816078186, -0.021507445722818375, 0.06603049486875534, 0.002885027090087533, 0.02606901340186596, 0.032206177711486816, -0.011730586178600788, 0.037386149168014526, -0.02558683231472969, -0.03897513076663017, 0.0032090763561427593, 0.06338343024253845, -0.08969522267580032, -0.0007196781225502491, 0.036194298416376114, -0.012297969311475754, 0.030007006600499153, -0.04261094331741333, 0.00872260332107544, -0.009277669712901115, -0.011551229283213615, -0.07367482781410217, 0.06983217597007751, 0.010980045422911644, -0.011617320589721203, -0.00337983388453722, -0.017280928790569305, -0.047977227717638016, -0.0048669069074094296, -0.04254385083913803, 0.05748933553695679, 0.05937926098704338, -0.01757184974849224, -0.029298169538378716, 0.03299899771809578, -0.005157062783837318, -0.002130168490111828, 0.013591760769486427, 0.00041634030640125275, 0.08225314319133759, -0.025013746693730354, 0.00518451863899827, -0.0013974595349282026, -0.014272202737629414, 0.02139466442167759, 0.012242959812283516, 0.007418904919177294, -0.022592375054955482, -0.004699775483459234, 0.00046438840217888355, -0.034600984305143356, -0.0244368314743042, 0.060283955186605453, -0.01971735991537571, -0.01775665581226349, -0.00037972640711814165, -0.011433862149715424, 0.015805361792445183, -0.05081593617796898, 0.002377340802922845, 0.014914515428245068, -0.003676197025924921, -0.012854916974902153, -0.009707887656986713, 0.07190727442502975, 0.051538463681936264, -0.0019082112703472376, 0.00145331013482064, 0.04135189577937126, -0.031963102519512177, -0.0024161997716873884, -0.00566359655931592, -0.0356430746614933, 0.03253694251179695, -0.031306181102991104, 0.06909425556659698, 0.00001954988510988187, 0.058335304260253906, 0.013894757255911827, 0.054488155990839005, -0.06932811439037323, 0.056249141693115234, 0.011283299885690212, 0.0036425618454813957, -0.03884156420826912, -0.05486553907394409, 0.042201317846775055, 0.0011616869596764445, -0.023052621632814407, -0.0007463518995791674, 0.08945710957050323, -0.010348796844482422, 0.019092606380581856, -0.09223002940416336, 0.013579398393630981, -0.025481173768639565, 0.012296212837100029, -0.03379382938146591, 0.013441300950944424, -0.042643480002880096, 0.043254364281892776, -0.036129485815763474, 0.059502143412828445, 0.02200428768992424, 0.0033434864599257708, -0.016635555773973465, -0.005194555036723614, 0.0208775345236063, -0.005930607672780752, -0.0009910668013617396, 0.00714582996442914, 0.027649521827697754, -0.054486848413944244, -0.03081185184419155, -0.0069411746226251125, -0.04055539518594742, -0.00029949756572023034, -0.04504864290356636, -0.028057945892214775, -0.08594583719968796, -0.06912973523139954, -0.004303419031202793, -0.033858250826597214, -0.017368290573358536, -0.026126066222786903, 0.01566949672996998, 0.019996091723442078, 0.0009606701205484569, 0.02376444637775421, 0.036553483456373215, -0.002702325349673629, -0.018177540972828865, -0.06372472643852234, -0.025254668667912483, -0.006937104277312756, -0.010245869867503643, -0.016889741644263268, -0.04875469207763672, 0.00634142616763711, 0.014940602704882622, 0.05901302024722099, -0.03243253007531166, 0.03381892666220665, -0.07656388729810715, 0.09482321888208389, 0.05054370313882828, -0.0157485194504261, 0.03680458292365074, 0.04301164299249649, -0.04487547650933266, -0.04437047615647316, -0.01767779514193535, -0.03187226876616478, -0.00562896765768528, -0.0054810428991913795, 0.010944760404527187, 0.0015456350520253181, -0.06661364436149597, 0.002416380448266864, -0.035147421061992645, 0.03594407066702843, 0.010720617137849331, -0.03734192997217178, -0.0560738667845726, 0.01739511825144291, -0.001249955384992063, 0.04934977740049362, 0.021910803392529488, -0.0011311275884509087, 0.03413150832056999, -0.00038858255720697343, -0.013633311726152897, -0.03334517031908035, -0.032051898539066315, 0.05233923718333244, 0.021297374740242958, 0.049332134425640106, 0.010833965614438057, -0.00849047489464283, 0.05872877314686775, 0.034373000264167786, 0.0673963725566864, -0.06483028084039688, -0.07127394527196884, 0.014374976977705956, -0.03363858163356781, -0.05776533856987953, 0.023551907390356064, -0.013530278578400612, -0.022133540362119675, -0.01880974881350994, -0.030382348224520683, 0.008397545665502548, -0.003984791226685047, -0.008212730288505554, -0.0006647132686339319, 0.052388910204172134, -0.07512781769037247, -0.1227986216545105, -0.029718264937400818, -0.015989093109965324, -0.06889369338750839, 0.02481791563332081, 0.027236122637987137, -0.02625153958797455, -0.030548423528671265, 0.044634804129600525, 0.0072989193722605705, 0.0238078311085701, 0.06590693444013596, 0.004589301533997059, -0.04535403847694397, -0.02348468266427517, -0.009854510426521301, 0.04525823891162872, -0.015073303133249283, -0.008093887008726597, -0.007704379968345165, -0.03398263081908226, 0.02274477109313011, 0.007271823473274708, 0.05547887831926346, 0.03656703978776932, 0.04698069021105766, -0.006307050120085478, -0.0673997551202774, 0.026178933680057526, 0.012891230173408985, -0.0005258079036138952, 0.017409702762961388, -0.05331262946128845, -0.07686068117618561, -0.07843087613582611, -0.015263693407177925, 0.024721108376979828, -0.012588501907885075, -0.0054555414244532585, 0.04250910505652428, -0.03954128921031952, 0.07041647285223007, -0.030217790976166725, -0.007664076518267393, -0.04756832495331764, 0.029037754982709885, -0.04406309500336647, 0.039340224117040634, 0.033227890729904175, -0.02131599746644497, -0.04141956567764282, -0.021966295316815376, -0.04202141612768173, -0.0667242556810379, 0.06777574867010117, -0.00032321730395779014, -0.01680465042591095, 0.026584075763821602, 0.0024289139546453953, -0.015749545767903328, -0.009328274987637997, 0.017418939620256424, 0.01746634766459465, 0.019907444715499878, 0.03941575810313225, -0.04785380885004997, -0.028461487963795662, 0.005384205374866724, -0.005618097726255655, -0.022895995527505875, 0.05928638577461243, -0.007103347685188055, -0.017307495698332787, 0.002202690578997135, -0.030139926820993423, 0.01698409579694271, 0.02022155560553074, 0.008336374536156654, -0.007291403133422136, -0.0029928546864539385, -0.018966468051075935, -0.08499236404895782, -0.028609350323677063, 0.012772627174854279, 0.0008927866001613438, 0.01893148198723793, -0.003963380586355925, -0.03199939429759979, 0.015089273452758789, -0.020437149330973625, -0.0420149601995945, -0.05420731380581856, 0.023440951481461525, -0.021695392206311226, 0.04373921453952789, 0.04469861090183258, -0.040577713400125504, 0.015549800358712673, -0.06299880892038345, -0.03032078593969345, 0.014671962708234787, 0.0531478151679039, 0.01207386888563633, 0.056142352521419525, -0.01739298366010189, 0.0926632508635521, 0.0020099622197449207, -0.02051469124853611, -0.047136250883340836, -0.008394129574298859, -0.057542309165000916, 0.07372113317251205, 0.053674619644880295, 0.03462142124772072, 0.06748765707015991, -0.03095870092511177, 0.014828475192189217, 0.0237407386302948, 0.06089475005865097, -0.0004655788652598858, 0.03101564198732376, 0.05021260678768158, 0.034143105149269104, -0.01613636314868927, 0.021659014746546745, -0.007321254815906286, -0.01752494089305401, 0.01998462714254856, -0.017365774139761925, -0.10742083191871643, -0.0232627522200346, 0.02654668129980564, -0.07808330655097961, -0.01855621114373207, 0.055655337870121, -0.024167966097593307, 0.061049092561006546, 0.049280695617198944, -0.05887524038553238, 0.0035560494288802147, 0.02021224983036518, -0.02439233288168907, -0.02127070724964142, 0.030940387398004532, 0.0338500514626503, 0.009392470121383667, 0.02916913665831089, -0.00474950997158885, 0.05894917994737625, -0.033968355506658554, -0.010584652423858643, 0.00806218758225441, -0.004761036951094866, 0.006492835935205221, -0.003037999849766493, -0.03948327153921127, 0.029149755835533142, -0.051815904676914215, 0.01700066402554512, 0.008114942349493504, 0.03441377356648445, 0.0034707693848758936, -0.0025342314038425684, 0.0303194597363472, -0.007286176551133394, -0.03426526114344597, -0.038455214351415634, 0.1168895959854126, 0.015412009321153164, 0.011706529185175896, 0.04678803309798241, 0.04416018724441528, -0.024596793577075005, -0.03526107594370842, 0.041206590831279755, -0.04055849090218544, 0.005803701467812061, -0.02197163552045822, 0.008516873233020306, 0.05817238613963127, -0.045670539140701294, -0.03127465397119522, -0.02098889648914337, 0.028148822486400604, 0.03760356456041336, -0.016420910134911537, -0.015005826950073242, 0.015218155458569527, 0.021225759759545326, -0.016768410801887512, -0.021821649745106697, 0.028831692412495613, 0.0249712485820055, -0.057371340692043304, 0.00907253846526146, -0.037509601563215256, 0.012822801247239113, -0.05696859583258629, 0.0003609066770877689, 0.046126071363687515, -0.012792483903467655, -0.02463875152170658, -0.0006848860066384077, 0.04861189424991608, -0.03657490387558937, 0.06329762935638428, 0.06915459781885147, -0.016643524169921875, 0.021980149671435356, -0.024635761976242065, 0.021719999611377716, -0.014905968680977821, 0.022051658481359482, 0.03604124113917351, 0.002068697474896908, 0.004798567853868008, -0.03575880452990532, -0.06563625484704971, -0.04684991016983986, -0.01681695133447647, 0.018430572003126144, -0.020478079095482826, 0.053165748715400696, 0.035367175936698914, 0.02045411802828312, 0.00887615978717804, 0.0065093012526631355, -0.04838338494300842, 0.010398372076451778, -0.023744355887174606, 0.02291463501751423, -0.03966230899095535, -0.027304884046316147, 0.036546740680933, 0.047711580991744995, 0.036140162497758865, -0.08691801130771637, 0.0006938736187294126, -0.05555225536227226, -0.011926586739718914, 0.05804293975234032, 0.029638051986694336, -0.0050933645106852055, -0.058042045682668686, -0.005956409964710474, 0.012437145225703716, -0.00573166087269783, -0.007735188584774733, 0.018236851319670677, -0.03199854865670204, 0.03245706856250763, -0.014473618939518929, -0.07734546810388565, 0.0016538649797439575, 0.0010470612905919552, -0.0356273427605629, 0.045739542692899704, -0.04201914742588997, -0.09203789383172989, 0.050496917217969894, -0.000007080660452629672, 0.05240054056048393, 0.000037157791666686535, -0.006017221603542566, 0.07253793627023697, 0.022829344496130943, -0.007643032353371382, -0.03738270327448845, -0.04961155354976654, 0.09223906695842743, 0.007398153189569712, 0.041355643421411514, 0.024517478421330452, 0.01784982904791832, -0.00917669665068388, -0.05735421180725098, -0.013946427032351494, -0.045420099049806595, 0.020767472684383392, -0.01841643452644348, 0.0014004207914695144, -0.0423201359808445, -0.0010547653073444963, -0.004109772853553295, -0.02946162223815918, -0.0011212363606318831, -0.0028932110872119665, -0.05240669101476669, -0.035361044108867645, 0.03216402232646942, -0.032247114926576614, -0.016855595633387566, 0.05711730569601059, -0.0073871673084795475, -0.006563079543411732, -0.003219851991161704, 0.04707416519522667, 0.03725127503275871, -0.023062868043780327, 0.06816519796848297, -0.01281846221536398, 0.006121849175542593, 0.022867873311042786, 0.008467106148600578, -0.0002762764925137162, -0.03734962269663811, 0.01447533629834652, 0.030029479414224625, -0.0007766679627820849, 0.047908566892147064, -0.002876234706491232, -0.004894749261438847, 0.03288455307483673, 0.04555109888315201, -0.018213538452982903, 0.03634803742170334, 0.004372113849967718, 0.05211351066827774, 0.03226390480995178, 0.026446513831615448, 0.02538406103849411, 0.011792941950261593, 0.027850840240716934, -0.036792658269405365, 0.05564400181174278, -0.00628484645858407, -0.02374771609902382, 0.02424808032810688, -0.017433689907193184, -0.005605613347142935, 0.001166718197055161, -0.008243579417467117, 0.029077129438519478, 0.027369586750864983, 0.05690871179103851, 0.010509729385375977, 0.061627473682165146, -0.006454356946051121, -0.01661602221429348, 0.023391449823975563, 0.05164904519915581, 0.028894169256091118, -0.051292937248945236, 0.021878331899642944, -0.01715249754488468, -0.020499885082244873, 0.0010921440552920103, -0.006638081278651953, -0.02664487436413765, -0.018297960981726646, -0.03305191919207573, -0.04324384406208992, -0.008375151082873344, -0.00017814102466218174, -0.07041136920452118, -0.0065972390584647655, -0.014790145680308342, 0.04684893786907196, 0.00535265076905489, -0.08849657326936722, -0.06219858303666115, -0.022267475724220276, -0.027565987780690193, -0.037240754812955856, -0.01549708191305399, 0.013857608661055565, -0.05342085659503937, -0.05187271162867546, -0.015188172459602356, 0.013325098901987076, -0.0477977953851223, -0.011753791011869907, -0.08163052052259445, 0.034744080156087875, -0.00030624232022091746, -0.01640605367720127, 0.01390879973769188, 0.004393554292619228, 0.02791982889175415, 0.023507971316576004, -0.047402895987033844, 0.05728748068213463, -0.03560362011194229, 0.0013294393429532647, -0.0030853154603391886, 0.0310093704611063, -0.045622628182172775, -0.04958325996994972, -0.0008182358578778803, 0.02836242876946926, 0.04588603228330612, 0.03735185042023659, -0.0783148780465126, -0.0005682217888534069, -0.04315407946705818, 0.015023372136056423, 0.021224841475486755, -0.05002325773239136, 0.028308382257819176 ]