question stringlengths 37 38.8k | group_id stringlengths 2 6 | sentence_embeddings listlengths 768 768 |
|---|---|---|
<p>I am looking for any help, advice or tips in how to explain heterogeneity / heteroscedasticity to biologists in my department. In particular I want to explain why its important to look for it and deal with it if it exists, I was looking for opinions on the following questions.</p>
<ol>
<li>Does heterogeneity influe... | g43163 | [
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<p>I have $n$ realisations $s_1,\, \dots , s_n$ of random variables $S_1,\, \dots, S_n$ which are assumed to be i.i.d. with unknown distribution. These measure the time between events.</p>
<p>I want to calculate the probability that the data can be modelled by a renewal process: $(X_t)_{t\geq0}$ where $X_t$ is the tot... | g60603 | [
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<p>In the Stanford ML course, we were taught to find good values for the lambda parameters of ridge/lasso by iterating for various lambda values on several cross-validation sets and picking the values which correspond to the hypothesis with the minimum CV error.</p>
<p>The problem is, I am playing with a big data set ... | g37430 | [
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<p>I have the following variables:</p>
<ol>
<li>weight (ratio scale)</li>
<li>result obtained from psychological test (eg. iq) (ratio scale)</li>
<li>style1 (ratio scale)</li>
<li>style2 (ratio scale)</li>
<li>style3 (ratio scale)</li>
</ol>
<p>I want to test this hypothesis:
People with high result on style 1 and h... | g60604 | [
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<p>I am attempting to forecast "peak" values. I have a weekly data set ~10 years. I have weather metrics as explanatory variables. I am trying to produce a model that can accurately predict the peaks of the weekly data using the weather metrics. The peaks are not entirely accurate, should I be using another approach? I... | g45830 | [
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<p>I have found the following in a network-science article and would like clarification of what the authors are claiming:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>We observe that the root mean square of the difference between the empirical probability density distributions of sample networks with $h$ and $(h + 1)$ seeds steadily decreas... | g60605 | [
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<p>Can anyone please tell me what the <code>alternative</code> argument is in <code>fisher.test()</code> in R? What do greater and less imply?</p>
<pre><code>fisher.test(x, y = NULL, workspace = 200000, hybrid = FALSE,
control = list(), or = 1, alternative = "two.sided",
conf.int = TRUE, conf.l... | g60606 | [
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... |
<p>How can I change the labels of the vertical y axis in a boxplot, e.g. from numbers to text?</p>
<p>For example, I would like to replace {-2, -1, 0, 1, 2} with {0hour, 1hours, 2hours, ...}.</p> | g23361 | [
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<p>I have implemented a Gibbs Sampler for the <strong>Bayesian Elastic Net</strong> (BEN) according to this paper on <a href="http://www.stat.ufl.edu/~casella/Papers/BL-Final.pdf" rel="nofollow">Penalized Regression by Kyung et al.</a><br>
In this paper, they execute a simulation study that has been used in other paper... | g60607 | [
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<p>I am running a regression analyis in r:</p>
<pre><code>fit <- lm(Cost ~ Slope + YardDist, data = test)
</code></pre>
<p>I want to test the two independent variables for multicollinearity. I tested it with <code>vif()</code> (from the car package) and <code>kappa()</code>.</p>
<pre><code>> vif(fit)
Slope ... | g60608 | [
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<p>I am trying to figure out how to convert a correlation matrix (R) to a covariance matrix (S) for input into a random number generator that only accepts S (<code>rmvnorm("mvtnorm")</code> in R) </p>
<pre><code>library("mvtnorm")
TRUTH= 0.8 # target correlation value between X1 and X2
R <- as.matrix(data.frame(c... | g60609 | [
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<p>I am attempting to use and illness-death multi-state scenario to model a time-dependent covariate in a competing risks analysis following Beyersmann et al. 2012 (Competing Risks and Multi-state Models with R, Springer New York, 2012). In general all subjects would start in the "healty state" = 0 with a possibility t... | g16806 | [
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<p>I'm trying to build a simple model to compute Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) based on Recency, Frequency and Monetary (R,F,M). Browsing the web, I've found this question <a href="http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/20463/rfm-customer-lifetime-value-modeling-in-r">RFM & customer lifetime value modeling in R</... | g16809 | [
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<p>I understand Tukey's HSD is the most common post-hoc test for between-groups ANOVA. It appears some do not recommend or select it as a post-hoc test for within-groups ANOVA. Instead, they prefer Bonferroni test or Sidak test. But, both of those seem to just multiply whatever <em>p</em>-value you would get from a pa... | g16810 | [
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<p>I am looking at some data with a 5 factors and a response variable. The experiment was designed as a factorial experiment, with observations at different levels of each factor. One thing that I have notices, though, is that there is some variability in the readings for the factor levels.</p>
<p>For example, motor R... | g16811 | [
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<p>The following lines are taken from a lecture found <a href="http://www.astro.umd.edu/~miller/teaching/astr601/lecture18.pdf" rel="nofollow">here</a>. I have a very small question regarding this explanation of Poisson likelihood.</p>
<p><em>The Poisson likelihood can be used any time your data come in discrete inter... | g60610 | [
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<p>It is well accepted that one should account for model complexity when performing model comparisons, and the general procedure is to penalize more complex models more strongly. While this makes sense when the parameters of a given model are easily estimated (i.e. analytically, as with the mean, variance, etc), it occ... | g60611 | [
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<p>First off, I'm not a statistician. However, I have been doing statistical network analysis for my PhD.</p>
<p>As part of the network analysis, I plotted a Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF) of network degrees. What I found was that, unlike conventional network distributions (e.g. WWW), the distri... | g16814 | [
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<p>Let $X_1,...,X_n$ iid r.v. with distribution F, with mean $\mu$ and median $\theta$.Assume that $Var(X_i)=\sigma^2$ and $F'(\theta)>0$. If $\hat{\mu}_n$ is the sample mean, and $\hat{\theta}_n$ the sample median, then using the influence curve/functions, show that </p>
<p>$\left( \begin{array}{ccc}
\sqrt{n} (\ha... | g60612 | [
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<p>I'm looking for a generic MCMC algorithm for a linear model. I've been reading a lot of articles online and they are so confusing.
I am hoping to understand how the method works theoretically</p>
<p><strong>Can anybody help me with a step by step algorithm for implementing a MCMC method to estimate beta and varianc... | g37645 | [
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<p>I have five surveys of the same group of students over a semester. Each survey uses a 5-point Likert scale. The first and last survey contain some questions dealing with the beginning and end of the class (first impressions, final impressions), but most of the questions are identical for all four or five of the su... | g60613 | [
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<p>I have some doubts related to my neural network implementation. I have 750 features and 98 outputs. I have number of samples = 5000. Now I used cross validation to select the number of neurons in the hidden layer(1 hidden layer). I used 10 fold cross validation. I got that number of neurons = 30 performed the best w... | g60614 | [
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<p>Suppose we have two
independent variables and one
response variable,
we can fit three different models:</p>
<p>\begin{align*}
Y &= \beta_{00} + \beta_{10} X_1 + \epsilon \\
Y &= \beta_{01} + \beta_{20} X_2 + \epsilon \\
Y &= \beta_{02} + \beta_{11} X_1 + \beta_{21} X_2 + \epsilon
\end{alig... | g16815 | [
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<p>I am creating a logistic regression model as follows. The dependent variable is outcome of a game (Win/Lost) and the independent variable is the degree of MOON on the day of match. So when I take a match, I get the value of Moon in degrees (1 to 360). </p>
<p>I feel that degree is just a measurement from a fixed li... | g60615 | [
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<p><strong>The Question:</strong> Are there any good examples of <a href="http://reproducibleresearch.net/index.php/Main_Page">reproducible research</a> using R that are freely available online?</p>
<p><strong>Ideal Example:</strong>
Specifically, ideal examples would provide:</p>
<ul>
<li>The raw data (and ideally ... | g60616 | [
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<p>I'm in the initial stages of brainstorming a way to provide simplified, at-a-glance summaries of scientific papers encapsulated in a few statistics, and possibly a value on a scale based on weighted versions of those statistics in order to provide a quick, approximate visual for the relative likelihood that the data... | g60617 | [
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<p>I am working on a project where I need to do workload balancing, and to see how well my approach is working I want to compute both the average amount of time between requests for a workload and the average amount of time for a requested workload to be obtained.</p>
<p>Here is what is bothering me. My data consists... | g60618 | [
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<p>I have a List of Files on which I run some statistical methods to get a rating between 0 and 1.
Now i need to cluster the files for similarities. The easiest way i thought that would be is to use the average value of the rating and cluster by n*sigma. So the biggest part of all files will be in the range of <code>[... | g60619 | [
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<p>In my probit output all p values are insignificant. I want at least some of my variables to be significant. How I correct it?</p>
<p>My variables are: crossbreed, age2, gender, education experience2, fullparttime, localbreed, farmsystem, ownland2, hirelabor, expensemoyr2, milkincome2, vetanaryattendence2, vetanary... | g60620 | [
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<p>Let's assume we registered the position of all individuals of different plant species within 3 irregularly shaped sample plots that are very close the each other. As an example, I put 2 pictures with 2 different species below. Each grid corresponds to 100m, and each circle represents one plant (the size of the circl... | g60621 | [
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<p>What are the main supervised learning algorithms for classification (more than 2 classes), that we should learn first when we are beginners in that domain ?
It is good if you can also give easy-to-understand tutorials for the algorithms that you propose here.</p> | g43328 | [
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0.05634755641222,
0.02006382681429386,
-0.020928090438246727,
-0.019104614853858948,
-0.037173233926296234,
0.0785299688577652,
0.08919202536344528,
0.03073356... |
<p>I would like to know whether I can use the t-test or the non-parametric equivalent test when I have years as observations. Suppose I want to compare the profitability levels of two companies and I have profitability data over 10 years for each of the company. I thought I could use the company as if it was a treatmen... | g60622 | [
0.013923811726272106,
0.019945921376347542,
-0.006741780787706375,
-0.04944043979048729,
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0.06345120072364807,
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0.02147383615374565,
0.062018830329179764,
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0.017669957131147385,
-... |
<p>I am confused what is quantile in <a href="http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.norm.html" rel="nofollow">scipy.stats.norm.pdf</a> function.
Definition of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantile" rel="nofollow">quantile</a> says that k-th of q-quantile is essentially value which div... | g16820 | [
0.01672264188528061,
-0.03506460785865784,
-0.021295081824064255,
-0.03337923437356949,
0.029149696230888367,
0.0007306346669793129,
0.048338428139686584,
-0.01622951775789261,
-0.03473714366555214,
0.0016005439683794975,
-0.005465025547891855,
-0.0023837441112846136,
0.0009736425126902759,
... |
<p>I would be interested in computing the expected value of the following random variable $Y$. </p>
<p>Let $X$ be either a $\mathrm{Bin}(p,N)$ or a $\mathrm{Hyp}(n,m,N)$ with $m$ number of successes (I would be interested in both proofs). Is there a way to compute the <strong>expected value</strong> of
$$ Y = X \log ... | g60623 | [
-0.05076846107840538,
0.026502540335059166,
-0.016675109043717384,
0.006239396519958973,
-0.03671744838356972,
-0.06733940541744232,
-0.000982259283773601,
0.01536621805280447,
-0.054134566336870193,
-0.03946749120950699,
-0.042611464858055115,
0.008561462163925171,
0.02129031904041767,
-0... |
<p>I have a list of the scores from various locations on different exams listed below.
How can I compare the different test and scores to show which location is the best over all? </p>
<p>It would really help if someone could inform which type of test to do and why. I first thought to use the Wilcoxon signed-rank te... | g23471 | [
0.00797184556722641,
-0.04696932062506676,
0.012241280637681484,
-0.04466995224356651,
0.0585697777569294,
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0.06814119219779968,
-0.013743073679506779,
0.013343703001737595,
0.0016391141107305884,
0.012201459147036076,
0.049281734973192215,
0.002291611861437559,
-0.01... |
<p>I need to compute the Gini coefficient on some population data arranged in income brackets: for example</p>
<pre><code>$0->$1000 : 10000 people
$1000->$10000: 50000 people
</code></pre>
<p>My problem is that the last bracket is unbounded i.e it's in the form:</p>
<pre><code>$1000000 < : 500 people
</code... | g16823 | [
0.0053254240192472935,
0.05518871918320656,
0.02142505533993244,
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0.028949210420250893,
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0.017219142988324165,
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0.020912138745188713,
0.02985328808426857,
0.0... |
<p>I was just wondering, just because I tend to wonder about these sort of things in my spare time, if there are any data pieces that are 1Gig+ that have 0 Statistical Redundancy? (i.e., uncompressible with lossless compression.)<br>
Is it even possible for a file larger than a few bytes to have such a trait? Is that p... | g60624 | [
0.002617860911414027,
0.030358806252479553,
0.018597066402435303,
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-0.023649832233786583,
-0.029917841777205467,
-0.03133488446474075,
-0.004786285571753979... |
<p>I would like to produce a time-series of autocorrelated probabilities (with a predefined mean level of autocorrelation).
I've spotted <a href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00949659308811469" rel="nofollow">this</a> and <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377221704002681" rel="n... | g447 | [
0.017941776663064957,
0.009493703953921795,
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0.08622052520513535,
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-0.0350848063826561,
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0.007465716451406479,
0.06424553692340851,
0.0... |
<p>I have two vectors $a$, $b$ each containing $10$ random numbers from the standard normal distributions. I want to generate another vector $C$ of $10$ numbers from the standard distribution where $\mathbb{E}(a\cdot C)=\mathbb{E}(b\cdot C)=0$ (orthogonal), where $\mathbb{E}$ is the expectation.</p> | g49245 | [
0.028841054067015648,
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0.0119467256590724,
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0.013143966905772686,
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<p>My friend and I want to do a hands on tutorial on Bayes theorem for the Seattle <a href="http://lesswrong.com/">LessWrong</a> group. Neither of us have done this before, so we're searching for prior art; techniques that other people have tried before and descriptions of how they turned out. </p>
<p>What are good te... | g60625 | [
0.024073787033557892,
0.026920048519968987,
-0.003022492863237858,
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0.00001544379301776644,
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0.04117782786488533,
0.040427323430776596,
0.03618137538433075,
... |
<p>I have a sample with 400 cases. When I run my full model, which includes 13 predictors, the interaction term is non-significant. However, when I run a model only including the three variables involved in the interaction (two main effects + interaction effect), the interaction effect is significant. I've tracked the ... | g16824 | [
0.029186295345425606,
0.019597042351961136,
0.016516270115971565,
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0.06200167164206505,
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0.017103569582104683,
0.044007688760757446,
0.014752249233424664,
-0.006054282188415527,
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-0.044828757643699646,
-0.0222454983741045,
0... |
<p>What's a meaningful "correlation" measure to study the relation between the such two types of variables?</p>
<p>In R, how to do it?</p>
<p>Thanks a lot!</p> | g16827 | [
-0.010391420684754848,
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0.006023962516337633,
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0.013709832914173603,
0.03588308021426201,
-0.004424170590937138,... |
<p>I've implemented Shlosser's estimator for the number of distinct values in a population given a sample. Now I want to make sure my algorithm is correctly implemented. Are there any example sets out there that would allow me to verify my computation matches the canonical value?</p> | g60626 | [
0.021840110421180725,
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0.011588786728680134,
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0.03925657272338867,
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0.026103626936674118,
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0.02281816303730011,
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0.... |
<p>I think meta-analyses are a great way of exploring a hypothesis when available evidence is heterogeneous. Usually however when conducting a meta-analysis one puts aggregated data in a model, possibly losing information. </p>
<p>Therefore I am considering gathering data from published research from the authors in or... | g16829 | [
0.019828306511044502,
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0.02397123910486698,
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0.006554904393851757,
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0.038728877902030945,
... |
<p>I have p values from a lot of tests and would like to know whether there is actually something significant after correcting for multiple testing. The complication: my tests are not independent. The method I am thinking about (a variant of Fisher's Product Method, Zaykin et al., <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p... | g60627 | [
0.009497988037765026,
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0.008366809226572514,
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0.0015714633045718074,
0.019882455468177795,
0.005736877676099539,
0.03052370436489582,
-0.00037439019070006907,
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0.004591670352965593... |
<p>I'm building a supervised learning model where the target variable is a uniformly-distributed continuous value ranging from 0-1 (originally a rank value from 1-38000, then scaled down to 0-1). The 20 predictor variables are a mix of continuous and categorical variables, with no more than 6 levels for the latter. But... | g46415 | [
0.0030237899627536535,
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0.044765811413526535,
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0.05814509093761444,
0.... |
<p>I want to do multiple linear regression and then to predict new values with little extrapolation. I have my response variable in the range from -2 to +7, and three predictors (the ranges about +10 - +200). The distribution is nearly normal. But the relationship between the response and the predictors is not linear, ... | g60628 | [
0.02698635682463646,
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-0.012393743731081486,
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0.032983217388391495,
0.023090573027729988,
-0.03182869032025337,
-0.04881498962640762,
-0.004547801800072193,
0.019083617255091667,
0.025370897725224495,
-0... |
<p>Using Cohen's $d$, I am getting small and medium effect sizes for results that are statistically non-significant ($p>.05$). Does this make sense?</p> | g16835 | [
-0.01861363649368286,
0.04902108386158943,
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0.02259199321269989,
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-0.050746794790029526,
0.020809896290302277,
0.0063267918303608894,
0.020185671746730804,
... |
<p>I have an <em>n by p</em> matrix, where <em>n</em> is genes and <em>p</em> is patients. Anyone whose worked with such data knows that <em>n</em> is always larger than <em>p</em>. Using feature selection I have gotten <em>n</em> down to a more reasonable number, however <em>n</em> is still greater than <em>p</em>.</p... | g37452 | [
0.025643223896622658,
-0.029441874474287033,
0.01603621430695057,
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0.036327194422483444,
0.03342988342046738,
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-0.004925996996462345,
0.03372526541352272,
0.0316614955663681,
0.02260454185307026,
-0.0161... |
<p>I ran MNP official package in R, like below.</p>
<pre><code>data(japan)
res <- mnp(cbind(LDP, NFP, SKG, JCP) ~ gender + education + age, data = japan,
n.draws = 10000, verbose = TRUE)
summary(res)
</code></pre>
<p>and the result was</p>
<pre><code>Coefficients:
mean std.dev. 2.5% 97.5%... | g16838 | [
-0.011647606268525124,
-0.016791442409157753,
-0.012841848656535149,
-0.052101001143455505,
0.028697147965431213,
0.006678825244307518,
0.023369573056697845,
-0.043941792100667953,
-0.0497773103415966,
0.010787995532155037,
-0.06452859938144684,
0.02359667792916298,
0.07246619462966919,
0.... |
<p>Let's say I'm trying to sample from a posterior distribution, $p(\theta|x)$, which I suspect is very "bumpy" (10s to 1000s of small modes). Moreover, the evaluation of the posterior kernel $K(\theta|x) \propto p(\theta|x)$ is very expensive to evaluate (and not conjugate) and the data set is large enough such that I... | g27963 | [
0.03348309546709061,
-0.0061408840119838715,
-0.0045577045530080795,
-0.04386642575263977,
-0.025161201134324074,
-0.008786306716501713,
-0.017768381163477898,
0.02976825274527073,
-0.017440347000956535,
0.006243433337658644,
0.0030178367160260677,
0.038728080689907074,
0.012522653676569462,... |
<p>When I estimate a logistic binomial regression with an allowed to vary effect on a second and a third level, the overall intercept represents the average log-odds for any level one unit in any higher level unit:</p>
<p>$\text{logit}(\pi_{ijk}) = \beta_0 + \mu_{jk} + \mu_{k}$</p>
<p>Where $\beta_0$ is the fixed int... | g60629 | [
-0.039472803473472595,
-0.023324012756347656,
0.007431636098772287,
0.03903963789343834,
0.03733150288462639,
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0.02256566286087036,
0.041171055287122726,
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-0.04428783431649208,
-0.022242600098252296,
0.01801997609436512,
0.011067322455346584,
-0.0... |
<p>I want to do research in spatial data mining where I want the concept of Bayesian belief networks applied on a medical domain like, for example, cancer. I have been searching for recent papers in various good journals but I am not able to find good papers where all these three concepts are together.</p>
<p>Can anyb... | g60630 | [
0.04264388605952263,
0.01671643741428852,
0.014801617711782455,
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0.00568385049700737,
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0.02084594964981079,
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-0.023709427565336227,
0.06288982927799225,
0.008506922982633114,
0.06935346871614456,
-0.0093... |
<p>Consider the $2^6$ factorial in 8 blocks of eight each runs with ABCD, ACE and ABEF as the independent effects chosen to be confounded with blocks. Generate a design. Find the other effect of confounding.</p>
<p>I can solve the second part of the question. I found the solution of the first part in a <a href="http:/... | g16843 | [
0.02572138048708439,
0.07973989844322205,
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0.03135864436626434,
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0.044346872717142105,
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-0.042894672602415085,
-0.037217877805233,
0.06881625205278397,
0.0656508058309555,
0.02996774... |
<p>I know that the Likert scale is the sum (or some sort of combination) of all the responses of a survey, test etc. and the actual numeric responses are called response levels. Is this true of all psychometric numeric responses? ie are those responses also called response levels or are they some times called a scal... | g60631 | [
0.003935814835131168,
0.019253240898251534,
-0.003557399846613407,
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0.020787851884961128,
0.047475043684244156,
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0.018066711723804474,
-0.0071605173870921135,
-0.019591735675930977,
-0.027315964922308922,
0.008243318647146225... |
<p>What is main difference in KS,Lift,Concordance in validating logistic regression?
What are the advantages and disadvantages in using these measures to see performance of the model?</p> | g43212 | [
-0.018640711903572083,
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0.0013421184848994017,
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0.012831387110054493,
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0.04069061577320099,
0.008863963186740875,
0.04937930405139923,
0.043688856065273285,
0.018792692571878433,
0.07730904966592789,
... |
<p>I have three different measures of child anxiety (IVs). For each measure, I have a self-rating by the child and an other-rating by a parent.
I want to use these measures to predict a particular diagnosis (DV). </p>
<ul>
<li>How do I take into account the dyadic nature of the parent-child relationship? </li>
</ul>... | g16844 | [
0.045865558087825775,
0.0270081739872694,
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0.018439773470163345,
0.02627149224281311,
... |
<p>I work for the Brazilian Government and I realized recently that most of the purchase data I have tested is a power law. I am wondering what does it mean? At first, I thought that the relation between price and volume bought should be similar to a straight line without using the log function. Then, I thought about i... | g60632 | [
0.02378368377685547,
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0.06500714272260666,
-0... |
<p>I have a massive dataset with titles across the top for the row.
All the values in the dataset are number minus about 50 of them which are NA.</p>
<p>I need to find the median of each column whilst somehow not selecting the title of the column. Then once I have the median of that row I need to replace all potential... | g60633 | [
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0.028606366366147995,
0.032885972410440445,
0.031777266412973404,
0.009858200326561928,
-... |
<p>Hi I get this output from R summary of an lm:</p>
<pre><code>lm(formula = weight.nz ~ dChgs.nz)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-15373.7 -664.4 243.3 1104.2 9137.2
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 1.853e+00 2.141e+01 0.087 ... | g37470 | [
-0.016363367438316345,
-0.03398103639483452,
0.0009270855225622654,
-0.07110655307769775,
-0.003863680874928832,
0.010375251062214375,
0.07403919845819473,
0.025575406849384308,
-0.04112590104341507,
0.012626178562641144,
-0.03200313821434975,
0.03805715963244438,
0.03624330461025238,
0.00... |
<p>As far as I understand, the training phase usually uses the dual optimization formulation where we can implicitly calculate the weight vector which defines the discriminant function.</p>
<p>How about the prediction phase, how do we use these weights and the kernel function when a new test sample arrives?</p>
<p>ed... | g60634 | [
0.02500406838953495,
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0.014094533398747444,
0.05326475948095322,
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0.06835437566041946,
-0.06654666364192963,
-0.027915479615330696,
-0.03272225707769394,
0.02093123458325863,
0.09517758339643478,
0.05781... |
<p>Thanks for the help in advance.</p>
<p>I am reading a technical report on a regression algorithm that reports a pair of functions as having a total degree of freedom of 5.4. I believe that both of these functions are splines, but it isn't directly specified in the report (they are graphed but the explicit function... | g60635 | [
0.0515243336558342,
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0.04083441570401192,
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0.05189927667379379,
0.0028461094480007887,
-0.000008035187420318834,
-0.051775507628917694,
-0.04192330688238144,
-0.0016416028374806046,
0.06590034067630768,
-... |
<p>I tried to search for an answer to this but I was not successful in finding a good one. </p>
<p>I wanted to compare data from two modalities together (an EMG reflex and self-rating). I found that in the literature there were studies used that Rhudy et al., 2008 ECON. </p>
<p>The only thing I couldn't find an answe... | g60636 | [
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0.027150... |
<p>Found this question <a href="http://simplystatistics.org/2013/05/17/when-does-replication-reveal-fraud/" rel="nofollow">here</a>, and I couldn't answser it and thought it would be a wonderful question for this site. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>Here's a little thought experiment for your weekend pleasure. Consider the fo... | g38057 | [
0.044227756559848785,
-0.00037057907320559025,
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0.03686947748064995,
0.0508719012141227... |
<p>I have recently as part of my bachelor project at my university conducted a two-alternative forced choice test. I have looked at ways to say something with significance about which images (the test participants were given a set of 4 pairs of images, for each pair they had to choose one). While testing is emphasized ... | g60637 | [
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0.003878160146996379,
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... |
<p>What is the probability that a random number [0,1) will lie in [0.5,0.6]?</p>
<p>As far as I know, there are 3 probability distributions in physics we usually use, but I am not sure when we can use Gaussian, Exponential and uniform distribution. Any examples?</p> | g16847 | [
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<p>I developed a conditional logit model in Stata. The model is good and the variables are highly significant.
Then I do mfx predicted (PU0) to determine the marginal effects of variables $\frac{dy}{dx}$. The problem is when I get the table of the marginal effects of variables in Stata: the significance of the variabl... | g37917 | [
0.0023817280307412148,
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-0.06725186109542847,
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0.05809804052114487,
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0.... |
<p>Good morning scholars. Please am fitting a Seasonal Arima model of this form:
(2,1,2)x(0,1,1) period 12 but I don't know how will look like.
Can anybody help me wit the model specification? Thanks. </p> | g60638 | [
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0.012839649803936481,
-0.016252435743808746,
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0.017210450023412704,
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0.005477677099406719,
0.018011480569839478,
0.02220248617231846,
0.06970848888158798,
-0.03139... |
<p>I have a time series of hourly measurements for a duration of one year:</p>
<pre><code>time <- 1:(365*24)/24
set.seed(1)
x <- rnorm(length(time))
</code></pre>
<p>The measurements are taken at hourly intervals. The main periodicity for the time series is that of a diurnal cycle i.e. the temperature follows a... | g60639 | [
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0.026135779917240143,
... |
<p>Consider G-Causality on two stationary time series vectors (call these variables $X$ and $Y$), each with 100+ observations. It's daily financial market time series data. I have reason to believe that there's reverse causality between these two variables (i.e., $X$ causes $Y$ as well as $Y$ causes $X$).</p>
<p>I wan... | g60640 | [
0.10430474579334259,
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0.022230016067624092,
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0.071025051176548,
0.000020977879103156738,
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0.04448683187365532,
0.0771377757191658,
0.028418973088264465,
0.016829468309879303,
0.0... |
<p>I am planning a within-subjects study with four different conditions and I am using <a href="http://www.psycho.uni-duesseldorf.de/aap/projects/gpower/" rel="nofollow">G*Power</a> to calculate my needed sample size. Not being intimately acquainted with the intricacies of statistics in general (and repeated measures A... | g16851 | [
0.0183649193495512,
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0.033465832471847534,
0.010104616172611713,
0.0070946915075182915,
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0... |
<p>Andrew Ng is explaining linear regression and the cost function, and why we want to minimize Theta(1).</p>
<p>However, he says that when Theta(1) = 1 then our slope of the line is (x,y) = (1,1), (2,2), (3,3). </p>
<p>I don't understand how he computes that slope? I don't understand how to figure this out? How do ... | g60641 | [
0.03236402943730354,
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0.005359564907848835,
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0.037711307406425476,
0.049767132848501205,
0.008... |
<p>I'm lost. If I estimated the a Gaussian mixture model, with a shared diagonal covariance, will the Fisher information of the means be $\Sigma^{-1}$ ?</p> | g16852 | [
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0.017108935862779617,
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... |
<p>I have a computer program which I am trying to optimize. Suppose that I can collect random test cases which I will use to run both the original and the modified version to see if there are any speedups.</p>
<p>How can I calculate the sample size (number of test cases) which makes sure that the average speed-up/down... | g46441 | [
0.0073886532336473465,
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0.007910896092653275,
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0.03999238833785057,
0.04789554700255394,
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0.02083093672990799,
0.03434218466281891,
0.018346305936574936,
0.05952891334891319,
0.063... |
<p>While reading a textbook on regression I encountered the following paragraph:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>The least squares estimate of a vector of linear regression coefficients ($\beta$) is </p>
<p>$$ \hat{\beta} = (X^{t}X)^{-1}{X^t}y $$ </p>
<p>which, when viewed as a function of data $y$ (considering the p... | g60642 | [
0.021584903821349144,
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0.047030407935380936,
0.018251948058605194,
... |
<p>In the mixed effect model, many statisticians would like to simulate or bootstrap data to create empirical confidence regions for fixed effect parameters and random effect parameters. </p>
<p>Resampling (ie bootstapping) seems intuitive for me because it makes few assumptions about the nature of the data. </p>
<p>... | g16853 | [
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0.052221521735191345,
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0.05032582953572273,
-0.00... |
<p>Please i need to know how to estimate the model bellow with stata:</p>
<p>Log Xcit = α0 + α1 log PIBct + β0 Log liberalct + β1 log Liberalct×DepFini + β2 logLiberalct×Tangi + λc + λi + λt + εcit</p>
<p>Liberalct is a binary variable equal to 1 in the year of and all years after an equity market liberalization e... | g60643 | [
0.014896344393491745,
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<p>I ran <code>lm()</code> on my data with models selected by individual <code>lm</code>'s of each characteristic and then combined the top $R^2$ based on $p$-value. For instance, the first few characteristics are taken, then the rest are evaluated if they have $p<.005$. My characteristics contain some duplication: ... | g16856 | [
0.006673051510006189,
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0.05207926407456398,
0.0011852403404191136,
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0.046525776386260986,
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0.... |
<p>I'm running LMM, and I will make no comparison of models. Could I ask which one should I use between REML and ML?</p> | g60644 | [
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0.019260847941040993,
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0.02709578536450863,
0.028702139854431152,
0.... |
<p>I am interested in generating a covariance matrix of dimension say 100. I managed to get a correlation matrix with finite condition number.</p>
<p>To construct a covariance matrix I need to have standard deviations. I think for my case the most suitable one is to generate standard deviations from gamma distribution... | g60645 | [
-0.008137903176248074,
0.030632857233285904,
0.012336001731455326,
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0.03086700662970543,
0.02588628977537155,
0.011159660294651985,
0.05711279809474945,
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-0.03559746593236923,
0.019076580181717873,
-0.0191008560359478,
0.008603445254266262,
0.03560... |
<p>At the moment, I'm trying to do a 'Poisson Regression'. I have several years (2004 to 2012) with four seasons in each year. My dataset consists of the amount of carcasses found every 10 days, and the total carcasses for every season in every year. My goal is to see if there are any differences in carcasses between t... | g60646 | [
0.035044826567173004,
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0.00013052030408289284,
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0.03487227484583855,
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-0.044697921723127365,
-0.039100777357816696,
0.02548752911388874,
0.01626407355070114,
0... |
<p>My problem is as follows:</p>
<p>I got a training set composed of texts, where 10% of observations are 1, and 90% are 0.</p>
<p>To make it simpler, lets say that 1000 is 1, and 9000 is 0.</p>
<p>I implement Naive Bayes and observe the results. Even before the Cross-Validation results depends strongly on the size ... | g60647 | [
0.02411544695496559,
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0.022716719657182693,
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0.026630694046616554,
0.038957010954618454,
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0.003938531503081322,
0.019231636077165604,
0.022784875705838203,
0.017843207344412804,
0.0... |
<p>Im trying to figure out how betadisper {vegan, R}, and more specifically how the 'average distance to median' relates to betadiversity in a more traditional sense. betadisper calculates the variance found within communities/sites. </p>
<p>I use distance matrices from sequence data where the distance corresponds to ... | g60648 | [
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0.03234408423304558,
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0.... |
<p>I want to categorize 20 responses from the BBC survey into average ability (chance level) and greater ability. I read somewhere that 25% above chance is no longer chance. Is it appropriate to use 12.5% above 50% (62.5%) as the category "greater ability" for logistic regression? Have I calculated this correctly?</p>
... | g60649 | [
-0.024055881425738335,
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0.032227788120508194,
0.006927838083356619,
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0.018293777480721474,
0.017978716641664505,
0.01209761667996645,
0... |
<p>Recently I studied the definition of <em>p</em>-value as</p>
<blockquote>
<p>The <em>p</em>-value associated with a test is the probability that we
obtain the observed value of the test statistic or a value that is
more extreme in the direction given by the alternative hypothesis,
when $H_0$ (null hypothe... | g34037 | [
0.03860479220747948,
0.03625927120447159,
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0.04823526367545128,
0.001056290464475751,
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0.046501267701387405,
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-0.02096889354288578,
0.015034513548016548,
0.037395842373371124,
0.08596407622098923,
0.0455... |
<p>Whenever I have used the Fisher's Exact test on tables larger than 2x2 contingency tables, SPSS has produced a test statistic that I can quote in my work. However, when I do the same with 2x2 tables, no test statistic is produced. </p>
<p>I want the way in which I report my results to appear standard throughout my ... | g60650 | [
0.013177311979234219,
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0.008836778812110424,
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0.011681357398629189,
0.004269457887858152,
0.06129928678274155,
0.0... |
<p>I conducted exploratory analysis of my data and got Mean and standard deviation values from the original data and plotted the data using boxplots.</p>
<p>I conducted regression models (GLM and GLMM) on the data (which allow to estimate marginal means) and I would like to know what I have to report, if the "raw" mea... | g60651 | [
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0.003165145870298147,
0.02645932324230671,
0.08967658132314682,
0.... |
<p>According to Hastie's <a href="http://www.stanford.edu/~hastie/Papers/elasticnet.pdf" rel="nofollow">paper</a>, the elastic net has two equivalent formulations:</p>
<p>$\hat{\beta} = \underset{\beta}{\operatorname{argmin}} \left\{ \sum_{i=1}^N(y_i-\sum_{j=1}^p x_{ij} \beta_j)^2 + \lambda_2 \sum_{j=1}^p \beta_j^2 + ... | g60652 | [
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0.06411387771368027,
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0.07374925911426544,
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0.026183513924479485,
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0.04376187175512314,
0.041276462376117706,
0.0341... |
<p>I am a student of mathematics, but my knowledge of probability and statistics is rather limited. So please forgive if this is a bad question.</p>
<p>T-tests are a popular way to perform statistical inference. However the null-hypothesis of 'no-effect' seems flawed. Take any two variables: suppose they're 'amount of... | g60653 | [
0.03197145834565163,
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0.03573010489344597,
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0.07880361378192902,
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0.003252594731748104,
0.02886921... |
<p>So I am researching if self-esteem has an effect on hearing aid satisfaction in patients. The patients have filled out two questionnaires, the first measuring self esteem, the second measuring their hearing aid satisfaction. My hypothesis is that a higher self esteem score will correlate to a higher hearing aid sati... | g508 | [
0.05627291277050972,
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0.010642215609550476,
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0.011523138731718063,
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0.005087010096758604,
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0.001231571426615119,
0.004261335823684931,
0.020827969536185265,
-0.018547063693404198,
0.03... |
<p>I am planning to conduct a simple random sampling for a population of $N$ patients with index $1,...N$. I have enough money to interview $n$ patients (sample size=$n$). In order to determine the sample patients, I first generate $n$ random integers(with replacement) and ask the patients with such index whether they ... | g60654 | [
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0.004564189352095127,
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0.02585938200354576,
-0.018860850483179092,
0.04844320937991142,
-0.03700294718146324,
... |
<p>I am working on using cubic spline interpolation in time series data. I used Galdolfo and Prachowney algorithms. Now how do I obtain estimates of models of cubic spline? </p> | g34042 | [
0.026397215202450752,
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0.009456238709390163,
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0.01628255285322666,
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0.09554187953472137,
0.000... |
<p>I have the following problem: given a proportion $p_1=\frac{X_1}{n}$, where $X_1$ is the number of succesful outcomes in $n$ tries ($X_1$ and $n$ are both > 100), I have to find the smallest proportion $p_2$ that is greater than and statistically different from $p_1$ at a given confidence level (e.g. 95%). An applic... | g60655 | [
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0.011434514075517654,
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0.0332212820649147,
0.04453069344162941,
-0.... |
<p>I have trained a naive Bayes classifier with on a dataset with a dichotomous outcome and multinomial attributes (predictors). </p>
<p>I managed to get a Maximum <em>a posteriori</em> (MAP) estimate which is good enough to determine class membership of a given instance of attributes. </p>
<p>However, to calculate t... | g60656 | [
0.01694381795823574,
-0.0604962557554245,
-0.007948054000735283,
0.007783523760735989,
-0.04273388534784317,
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0.022... |
<p>Background: For a project, I am fitting a conditional logit model where I have 5 control cases for every realized case. To do that I use the <code>clogit()</code> function in the package <code>survival</code>. I wanted to graph interactions with the <code>effects</code> package by John Fox et al. It turns out that t... | g60657 | [
-0.02066783234477043,
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-0.01973247155547142,
0.061524003744125366,
0... |
<p>hope you can help me with my problem.</p>
<p>My results are counts. What i did is identifying if embryos had (yes = 1) or not (no = 0) malformations or delay in their development, within samples of 15 embryos. </p>
<p>In one type of experiment, I repeated this 6 times (6 independent replicates); in another type, I... | g60658 | [
0.00484177703037858,
0.03527458384633064,
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0.029169196262955666,
0.03675577789545059,
0.0... |
<p>I mean any reason aside from the convenience of being able to complete the analysis within a single procedure.</p> | g60659 | [
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0.007528507150709629,
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0.059... |
<p>In a study, there are 3 independent variables (A, B, C). I want to manipulate only (A, B).
The idea of not manipulating variable C is for it not to interfere with the other two manipulated variables A, B. In this way, the researcher is confident that only A or/and B are causing an effect on the dependent variable.</... | g10 | [
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0.027628488838672638,
0.03784647583961487,
-0.03646128252148628,
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<p>This is my first post on CV. </p>
<p>I am wrapping my head around Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), and ironically, I understand everything about the algorithm, except the starting point.
What confuses me is the following:</p>
<p>All the examples I have seen of course, start with some vector of observations, x<... | g60660 | [
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0.029... |
<p>I am estimating a discrete choice model in which individuals choose which schools to attend. </p>
<p>I have a large amount of data on individuals and schools. However, each particular school only appears in my data set one or two times since individuals face different sets of school choices based on where they live... | g60661 | [
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0.02684733457863331,
-0.027573732659220695,
-0.016898958012461662,
0.05164523795247078,
0.... |
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