question stringlengths 37 38.8k | group_id stringlengths 2 6 | sentence_embeddings listlengths 768 768 |
|---|---|---|
<p>The DataDictionary and MiningSchema elements for a PMML model requires quite a bit of metadata for each field. With sparse, high dimensional data these could each be many times larger than either the training data or the trained model. </p>
<p>Are there any conventional extensions (or evil non-standard kludges, ... | g28813 | [
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<h3>Background:</h3>
<p>A typical meta-analysis in psychology might seek to model the correlation between two variables X and Y. The analysis would typically involve obtaining a set of relevant correlations from the literature along with sample sizes. Formulas can then be applied to compute a weighted average correla... | g28814 | [
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<p>I have a 3 class sample labeled data set, which I have divided into 2 parts. I am using the first part to train the two-class perceptron classifier. </p>
<p>One approach is to train $\binom{3}{2}$ two-class classifiers on training data for two classes at a time, and then use voting to classify the test samples for ... | g68693 | [
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<p>I use a Cox proportional hazard model (<code>coxph()</code>) which gives me HR of about 2.9 for presence of factor B (factors can be A, B, C, A as baseline in the model), with 95% CI 1.8-4.8 , p<0.001.</p>
<p>When checking the proportionality assumption there is significant evidence that there is a violation of ... | g38776 | [
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<p>Further to my earlier question on <a href="http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/15021/working-with-correlation-coefficients">Working with correlation coefficients</a>, I am still confused. </p>
<p>I used the online calculator mentioned in the above post and if I compare .8978 (sample size: 105) and .7865 (sampl... | g28816 | [
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<p>I have a list of say 50,000 e-values (multiple testing corrected P values) for a statistical test I am doing that essentially matches patterns together. Essentially the e-value is the expectation that these two patterns would match purely by chance. </p>
<p>Most people who do this will do another round of multiple ... | g68694 | [
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<p>I have a time series $X_t$, which is shown in the first plot. In the second plot, I am doing a linear regression on $X_t\sim X_{t-1}$. The regression line is very close to $y=x$. But this is tricky since if if we look at the bottom left or the top right part of the data, they are almost random. From the diagnosis of... | g68695 | [
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<p>The description sounds to me as if it makes a MostPopular recommendation. But the MostPopular recommendation I did myself got much better results. So what does this recommender really return?</p>
<p>It is a Boolean data set. And I just count the occurrences of an item and sort them with the counts.</p> | g28819 | [
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<p>What statistical equation should I use to correlate two sets of segmentation data per the attached example. This would be similar to a dating site, where I have two people looking at one another’s profiles. Factoring in the following:</p>
<ol>
<li>In some cases a variable might be non-existent as in the case of “In... | g68696 | [
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<p>I am currently analysing multivariate time series and have worked on VAR models in R. I need to know if there is any way to analyse it using neural networks in R. </p>
<p>PS: I am aware of the <code>nnet</code> package and <code>tsDyn</code> package, but I guess they are applicable for univariate time series only. ... | g68697 | [
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<p>I'm pretty new to self organising maps (SOMs). From reading around a bit, it seems like most implemetations use a 2D grid for the SOM network structure (or less often a 1D grid). This is nice, cause it's easy to visualise, but is there any particular reason why barely anyone uses 3D grids, etc? In particular, how do... | g28822 | [
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<p>I am currently working on a study in which I am using beta regression (in Stata). My depend variable is bounded between 0 and 1. To interpret the effects of my independent variables I am using the margins command. </p>
<p>However, the problem is that interaction-terms cannot be interpreted using the margins command... | g68698 | [
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<p>As the title suggests, why is that the mean forecasting error is minimised when conditional expectation is used for forecasting in ARMA model?</p>
<p>Need some guidance on this..</p> | g68699 | [
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<p>If I have two variables that have different sampling frequencies, one of the first steps is to align the frequencies; could someone explain the intuition of this alignment without being too technical. I am reading some theory on doing MIDAS regression and can't grasp this concept.</p>
<p>What does it mean to align ... | g28827 | [
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<p>I have a large number of independent datasets of varying size but same feature meaning. Features and outcome are both binary.
I am trying to fit logistic regression to the data.
I estimate regularization parameters with 10-fold random data partitioning (with classes proportion same as in training/testing) and select... | g28828 | [
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<p>What is the importance of hat matrix, $H=X(X^{\prime}X )^{-1}X^{\prime}$ in regression analysis?</p>
<p>Is it only for easier calculation ?</p> | g28829 | [
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<p>I am gathering data across two variants of my website (akin to a split test). There is an action that I log each time a user invokes it along with which variant they are included in. I also log all of the users included in my test (even if they don't perform any action).</p>
<p>Given a set of data for each variant ... | g37949 | [
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<p>I want to know - what are the differences between the forward-backward algorithm and the Viterbi algorithm for inference in hidden Markov models (HMM)?</p> | g68700 | [
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<p>I've got a problem that I think should be simple but can't quite figure it out. I'm looking at seed pollination, I have plants (n=36) that flower in clusters, I sample 3 flower clusters from each plant, and 6 seed pods from each cluster (18 seed pods in total from each plant). A pod can have between 0 to at most 4... | g68701 | [
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<p>I have a treatment group of size 30 (30 schools in California) that used a math supplemental software. In a simple analysis, I'd like to compare students' average Math growth between our treatment group and a comparable control group. There are many schools in CA that didn't use the software. I'd like the control gr... | g28831 | [
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<p>I am an undergrad student and I have a project for my probability class. Basically, I have a dataset about the hurricanes that impacted my country for a series of years.</p>
<p>In my probability Book, (Probability ans Statistics with R) there is an (not complete) example of how to check if the data follows a poisso... | g68702 | [
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<p>This is a general question on normalization of data so that all the variables are within the same range.</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Why do we normalize data in pattern classification?</p></li>
<li><p>How to normalize time series which is multivariate? I have collected motion time series from Kinect skeleton tracking. In gener... | g68703 | [
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<p>I am working on phylogeography on one model species and I am a beginner. You can imagine one species that came on locality more than 5 mya (million years ago). It was a good environment, so the species expanded very quickly. After climatic changes this model species split in two refugiums (isolated locations for a o... | g194 | [
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<p>Am looking into statics to help support a project I am undertaking. The project scope concerns <strong>intelligent replenishment / refill of vending machines</strong>.</p>
<p>During an onsite service, a technician must make decisions regarding machine refill to optimise sales for the period up to the next refill v... | g22116 | [
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<p>I have a dataset of about 300 people. 200 test positive for a disease, and the rest test negative. I have data on different test scores and imaging results for these 300 participants. So my dataset would look something like this</p>
<pre><code> status test1 test2 test3 imaging1
pos 10 10... | g22119 | [
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<p>If $f(x,y)=2x , 0\leq x\leq 1 ,0\leq y\leq 1 $, find $ P(Y < e^{-X} \cap X > Y)$ Given X and Y have joint distribution.
Here is my approach:
$$ P(Y < e^{-X} \cap X > Y) = 1- P(Y > e^{-X} \cap X > Y)$$
= $1- P(X > Y > e^{-X})$ = $P(e^{-X} \leq Y \leq X )$
=$ \int_0^1\int_{e^{-x}}^x2x dydx $
... | g68704 | [
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<p>I'm measuring electric signals from humans, who I have put into two different categories A and B. I would like know whether there is some difference between the two groups. My total sample size is $N = 14$ (seven subjects in both groups). Now, I do something to the signals and in the end get one number for each subj... | g49812 | [
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<p>I am working by a set of problems on a single question in my textbook. The question explained that there was a recent survey of 1961 adults out of a population of 225,000,000 and asked me to construct a 95% confidence interval estimate of the percentage of all adults on the "Do not call registry". I completed this p... | g68705 | [
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<p>Could you please recommend any approach (if it exists) for similar document search considering the following:</p>
<ol>
<li>It's necessary to provide term base explicitly. This is a dictionary of specific named entities on which searching are performed. </li>
<li>This term base is unstable - new terms can be added ... | g22126 | [
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<p>I'm reading from <a href="http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~bengioy/papers/ftml.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~bengioy/papers/ftml.pdf</a> around page 8.</p>
<p>Here is a quote that I'm not understanding:</p>
<pre><code>"If we include affine operations and their possible composition with sigmoids
in... | g68706 | [
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<p>I know that the standard error of the mean for an iid sample is calculated as $$\frac{\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}$$</p>
<p>However, assuming a normal distribution with known mean and standard deviation, how do you calculate the standard error of an arbitrary quantile?</p>
<p>For example, assume</p>
<ul>
<li>normal distribu... | g68707 | [
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<h3>Context:</h3>
<p>Over the while I've acquired a set of heuristics on how to effectively plot the association between two numeric variables. I imagine most people who work with data would have a similar set of rules.</p>
<p>Examples of such rules might be:</p>
<ul>
<li>If one of the variables is positively skewed... | g68708 | [
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<p>I have to deal with a text classification problem. A web crawler crawls webpages of a certain domain and for each webpage I want to find out whether it belongs to only one specific class or not. That is, if I call this class <em>Positive</em>, each crawled webpage belongs either to class <em>Positive</em> or to clas... | g68709 | [
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<p>I am looking to design a study that involves interviewing children by asking them questions that relate to their values, practices, and identities. Children will be migrants who could identify to varying extents with both their heritage culture and adopted (receiving) culture values, practices, and identities. </p>
... | g68710 | [
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<p>In a contest for solving a problem, a person submits his/her answer for the problem at any time during the contest. The contest system provides the person with feedback on the submitted answer. The person can resubmit a modified answer based on the feedback at any time during the contest. This process is repeated un... | g68711 | [
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<p>I have read pretty much everything I can find on performing a Sobel test on the internet however the huge discrepancy in my unstandardized coefficients makes me feel like I am doing something completely wrong (a = 0.000306, SEa = 0.000067, b = 430037.87. SEb = 258407.87). Did I miss a step somewhere? Thank you for a... | g68712 | [
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<p>I attended a training class from SAS about experimental design in marketing. They advocated the use of their GLMPOWER proc for power analysis for designing experiments.</p>
<p>GLMPOWER is a power analysis procedure for ascertaining the required sample size for a general linear model (main effects, interactions and/... | g68713 | [
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<p>I am currently looking for texts (or preferably a specific text) which have a good balance between theory and application and are as comprehensive as possible and are at an <em>introductory level</em>, covering these topics:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Markov Chains, MCMC, GLMs and extended linear models, Decision Trees,... | g68714 | [
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<p>As part of my PhD work, I've conducted an inoculation experiment concerned with marine phytoplankton community productivity (dependant variable, as 'no. of cells') vs nutrient availability. I have two factors:</p>
<ol>
<li>Nutrient Treatment (4 levels - including control)</li>
<li>Time (sampled at 5 points)</li>
</... | g143 | [
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<p>I have easy access to the the mean, standard deviation and min/max values for a variable. I also have the number of elements used to compute those values. The data is real numbers with an absolute zero. </p>
<p>Given this information, is it possible to estimate the median value?</p> | g68715 | [
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<p>As the question suggests, we have a standard AR model. Normally, the way to get ρ is through <a href="http://www.stata.com/manuals13/tsdfuller.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://www.stata.com/manuals13/tsdfuller.pdf</a> (page 4). You'll notice in the page after that, it talks about ADF where Beta is our new ρ. Are the metho... | g28850 | [
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<p>I am trying to compute the derivative of an experimentally-measured quantity as a function of time. The data are fairly noisy, which causes problems. For instance, using finite differences (central differences) to compute the derivative results in a derivative data set which is even noisier than the original data se... | g68716 | [
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<p>I am very new to stats, and if the chi squared test is not the best way to handle this, please let me know.</p>
<p>To simplify what I'm trying to do, I have many separate lists of genes. Each list is a different size in terms of number of entries (one gene being one entry). For each list, I have counted the number ... | g68717 | [
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<p>I ran two single variable linear regressions $A$ and $B$. $A$ had a relatively large effect size $R^2$ = $.68$ while $B$ had $R^2$ = $.10$. Regressing the explanatory variable from $A$ (= $a$) on the explanatory variable from $B$ (=$b$) shows an $R^2$ = $.44$. The correlation between these two variables is $.66$.... | g68718 | [
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<p>Let's say we have the following matrix (typical VSM example):</p>
<pre><code> word1 word2 word3 word4
doc1 0.838 0.918 0.001 0.482
doc2 0.311 0.948 0.001 0.183
doc3 0.001 0.928 0.592 0.381
</code></pre>
<p>I want to initially get rid of some words with a low ... | g68719 | [
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<p>I have a dataset which shows the states (3 states) across 11 time points for each participant. I wanted to estimate the Markov Chain state transition probability matrices for time points 2-11 using R. I read both <code>markovchain</code> and <code>HiddenMarkov</code> package documentations, but did not see any examp... | g28854 | [
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<p>I have a vector of values and a vector of the reciprocal of their standard error. I'd like to estimate their mean and the standard error on the mean.</p>
<p>At first I used linear regression using the <code>lm()</code> function. Later I found out that the <code>weights</code> library provided a <code>wtd.t.test()</... | g68720 | [
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<p>This question is a follow up to my earlier question <a href="http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/4220/probability-distribution-over-1-is-ok">here</a>
and is also related, in intent, to <a href="http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/3316/statistical-similarity-of-time-series">this question</a>.</p>
<p>On <a... | g49824 | [
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<p>I'm taking a graduate course in regression analysis and I'm suck on a particular homework question that <em>should</em> be very simple to me!</p>
<p>I have the following model:</p>
<pre><code>E(y) = B0 + B1x1 + B2x2 + B3x3 + B4x1x3 + B5x2x3
</code></pre>
<p><code>x3</code> is coded as <code>1</code> if "smoker" a... | g68721 | [
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<p>Does anybody have a good example for Time Series Forecasting/smoothing using Kalman Filter in R?</p> | g38811 | [
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<p>Here is a look at my data. We asked the same respondents (n=~400) to provide us with their current and future consumption as a proportion of total expenditure. Plotted here are the mean proportions of total expenditure for each category for "Now" and "Later", respectively current and future. </p>
<p>What I'm looki... | g68722 | [
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<p>When I plotted histogram of a variable to see whether it follows normality, I got a highly positive skewed graph, more like that of a Poisson/exponential distribution.</p>
<p>Now, what kind of transformation should I do on the variable to make it follow normality?</p> | g49418 | [
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<p>I am performing research on Product attributes of mineral water toward purchase decision.
However, the result of -2log likelihood test showed that my model is fit enough yet my result of Hosmer and Lemeshow is only 0.121. However, my Wald statistics showed none of my independent variables were statistically signifi... | g49368 | [
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<p>I have a seemingly easy question which however is troubling me a bit.</p>
<p>I have couples of vectors made up of nominal attributes. They can be of different length and sometimes some of the attributes in one might not be included in the other. See <code>a</code> and <code>b</code> as two potential examples.</p>
... | g22341 | [
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<p>A friend is looking at how closely related genes cluster together on a section of DNA. In particular, he is looking at genes that code for mitochondrial phenotypes (what I will call "mitochondrial genes") vs ones that don't.</p>
<p>He has picked a distance, say D = 500,000 base pairs, and for each branch of each ch... | g68723 | [
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<p>I am interested in understanding the differences between Bayesian and Frequentist estimation in the context of hierarchical models. </p>
<p>Consider $n$ subjects, where for subject $i$ there are $k_i$ successes out of $m_i$ attempts, adequately modeled with a binomial distribution with parameter $\theta_i$. In a ... | g22345 | [
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<p>I've been attempting to forecast natural gas power demand and how it is affected by temperature and price. I'm not sure if I have done everything correctly (relatively new to R), but I do seem to get relevant data other than I can't seem to change my forecast period, nor am I sure this is an appropriate model for th... | g68724 | [
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<p>Let's say I have access to both R and Python. How could I use these tools to build predictive (or at least descriptive) models of a time series?</p>
<p>I am looking not only for the tools but helpful tutorials or lectures about how to discover the Hurst exponent, scaling exponents, and other characteristics.</p>
<... | g28868 | [
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<p>If I have a large number of relationships I want to check that may or may not be linear (as in the bottom row of image below), is there a method that will reject the hypothesis the scatter plot is showing white noise? I want to check for the presence of any relationship without knowing what the form of that may be. ... | g68725 | [
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<p>A client's website was operating under a certain policy for membership sign ups for over a year. At the start of October 2012 the client implemented a new policy for sign ups that was supposed to encourage more registrations. This policy was applied site wide so there is no control group to compare against (except f... | g68726 | [
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<p>My data consists of about a hundred animal visits to three different feeding zones, and I'm trying to determine if there was a preference for one zone over the others.</p>
<p>Each animal visits between one and about a hundred zones (think hummingbirds and feeders).</p>
<p>The problem is that 1) the sequence of zon... | g14260 | [
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... |
<p>I do a counting experiment where I count observations as a function of two float parameters $x_1$ and $x_2$. This leads to a two-dimensional histogram where each bin corresponds to the number of observations with $x_1$ and $x_2$ in some range.</p>
<p>I now see a lot of bins with zero counts in them (even though mor... | g68727 | [
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<p>I am trying to understand how gradient descent works. My understanding is that the update rule works as follows:
$$
x_{n+1} = x_n - \alpha f'(x_n)
$$
This seems magical to me. </p>
<ol>
<li>How did this update rule come about? </li>
<li>How do I know $x_{n+1}$ lies on $f(x)$? </li>
</ol>
<p>A simple explanation wi... | g68728 | [
0.0319860465824604,
0.021462049335241318,
-0.042452096939086914,
0.006301556713879108,
0.049505386501550674,
-0.014946562238037586,
0.010148676112294197,
0.03804076090455055,
-0.09129209071397781,
-0.05357823520898819,
-0.07935382425785065,
0.0177837572991848,
0.03360118344426155,
0.073641... |
<p>I have a question concerning the data analysis methods to use for a specific situation. Here is the situation:</p>
<p>There is a dataset from an e-commerce site about its customers' purchases with 875 observations total. Each observation consists of 5 values. Scales of value measurement available for each observati... | g45412 | [
-0.010424794629216194,
-0.002169022336602211,
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0.013633182272315025,
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-0.01654212176799774,
0.02135711908340454,
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0.07868940383195877,
... |
<p>I'm using the Mann-Kendall function of the Kendall package in R to compute the statistics of the Mann-Kendall trend test of a huge time-series (19 millions elements). It has been running for 22 hours and it hasn't yet finished. Can you suggest a faster approach?</p> | g28876 | [
0.002309145638719201,
0.036726854741573334,
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0.049120672047138214,
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0.0017521098488941789,
-0.0074268728494644165,
0.002047680551186204,
0.016222212463617325,
... |
<blockquote>
<p><strong>Possible Duplicate:</strong><br>
<a href="http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/16230/fourier-data-with-non-integer-periods-correcting-for-phase-bias">Fourier data with non-integer periods, correcting for phase bias</a> </p>
</blockquote>
<p>I have a not perfectly but quit periodic si... | g49813 | [
0.010889424942433834,
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0.01152365654706955,
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0.00465328898280859,
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0.005904143676161766,
-0.0065774619579315186,
0.03742176294326782,
0.03390109911561012,
0.... |
<p>Can anyone explain how to compute the marginal effect of Probit and Logit model in layman's terms?</p>
<p>I am new to statistics and I am confused about these two models.</p> | g38832 | [
0.00010543018288444728,
0.01727469451725483,
0.021962430328130722,
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0.009951673448085785,
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0.010789409279823303,
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0.05807600915431976,
... |
<p>I want to know the cross validation procedure to find the two parameters of elastic net presented by <a href="http://www.stanford.edu/~hastie/Papers/elasticnet.pdf" rel="nofollow">Zou and Hastie</a> on the prostate dataset as example.
I can't improve the error rate lasso with k-fold when I use elastic net.</p> | g68729 | [
0.037060607224702835,
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0.019930724054574966,
0.04264459386467934,
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0.09457487612962723,
-0.04... |
<p><strong>Informal explanation</strong>: In the course of my research I've run into the following problem: I am observing a machine that outputs random numbers. Most (if not all) of these random numbers come from the Gaussian distribution $\mathcal{N}(0,\sigma_0^2)$. I know the value of the variance $\sigma_0^2$. ... | g68730 | [
0.028088929131627083,
-0.01663297228515148,
-0.019529955461621284,
-0.0653391107916832,
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0.04754577577114105,
0.009284568019211292,
0.010029948316514492,
-0.035859622061252594,
-0.016323324292898178,
0.048221200704574585,
0.04496423155069351,
0.... |
<pre><code> Source | SS df MS Number of obs = 1797
-------------+------------------------------ F( 1, 1795) = 815.71
Model | 273.788275 1 273.788275 Prob > F = 0.0000
Residual | 602.478503 1795 .33564262 R-squared ... | g68731 | [
0.012444396503269672,
-0.02514038234949112,
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0.1058645024895668,
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0.052434198558330536,
0.01070073340088129,
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-0.0640200525522232,
-0.04172339290380478,
0.07064905762672424,
0.03283779323101044,
0.00673069... |
<p>In a dataset with survival event, I calculated Harrell C-index from three different models.
Furthermore, I calculated the 95% C.I. for the three different models.</p>
<p>So the next question is to compare the discrimination ability of the three models.</p>
<p>Could anyone kindly suggest the method to compare the H... | g28877 | [
0.008089432492852211,
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-0.008296743966639042,
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0.02515341341495514,
0.0259663388133049,
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0.04774003103375435,
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0.05922522023320198,
0.024973880499601364,
-0.001300619449466467,
0.0899413526058197,
-0.00... |
<p>Inspired by this question, and particular "Problem 3":</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Posterior distributions are somewhat more difficult to incorporate into a meta-analysis, unless a frequentist, parametric description of the distribution has been provided.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>I've been thinking a great deal recently abo... | g28878 | [
0.004455961287021637,
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-0.05220850184559822,
0.0038039281498640776,
0.015416929498314857,
0.023088758811354637,
0.... |
<p>I am using the library "caret" in R to test various modelling procedures.</p>
<p>The trainControl object allows one to specify a re-sampling method. The methods are described in the <a href="http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/caret/vignettes/caretTrain.pdf">documentation</a> section 2.3 and include: boot, boot6... | g68732 | [
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0.06901799887418747,
0.0... |
<p>Is it enough to check residuals versus predicted values to see if the linearity assumption in multiple linear regression is satisfied?</p>
<p>Because for many predictors, you can't visualize the plot with the outcome variable.</p> | g68733 | [
-0.00742105208337307,
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0.02899451181292534,
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-0.04207058250904083,
0.014336051419377327,
0.024110978469252586,
0.03826583921909332,
-0.... |
<p>I am trying to select the best answer from a set of samples, using two variables at different scales. </p>
<p>In the data below, each row indicates the accuracy of a given measurement, the number of times it occurs in the sample set, and the answer that it indicates. </p>
<p>Accuracy:0.00886982324861, Frequency:5... | g38848 | [
-0.010506539605557919,
-0.028551196679472923,
-0.002533226739615202,
-0.047047022730112076,
0.09095961600542068,
-0.023709595203399658,
0.014324238523840904,
-0.013005206361413002,
-0.05498865619301796,
0.027020331472158432,
0.01913505420088768,
-0.005146385170519352,
0.03353970870375633,
... |
<p>I have a variable called aa, it has 5 values: very satisfied, satisfied,dissatisfied,very dissatisfied,neither satisfied nor dissatisfied.</p>
<p>I need to convert the value of "very satisfied" into "5", "satisfied" into "4", and so on.<br>
I tried this command:</p>
<pre><code>xtile bb=aa,nq(5)
</code></pre>
<p>b... | g68734 | [
0.02152545563876629,
-0.022245364263653755,
-0.0039480989798903465,
-0.08079569786787033,
0.031510137021541595,
-0.06140405312180519,
-0.0031853513792157173,
0.02269662544131279,
-0.03791692480444908,
-0.052129797637462616,
-0.06382539868354797,
0.02333521470427513,
0.00015431249630637467,
... |
<p>A bit more info; suppose that</p>
<ol>
<li>you know before hand how many variables to select and that you set the complexity penalty in the LARS procedure such as to have exactly that many variables with non 0 coefficients,</li>
<li>computation costs are not an issue (the total number of variable is small, say 50),... | g68735 | [
0.00492294505238533,
-0.018720243126153946,
-0.00958900898694992,
-0.08496827632188797,
0.00017768271209206432,
-0.07903800904750824,
0.06870090961456299,
0.04406086727976799,
-0.008330774493515491,
0.015994476154446602,
-0.00582383805885911,
0.009461771696805954,
0.02364090457558632,
-0.0... |
<p>Suppose I have two time-series variables, $\{x_t\}$ and $\{y_t\}$, where $t\in[1,T]$. I would like to model the correlation $\rho(x_t,y_s)$ as some function of $t$,$s$, and the difference $t-s$. In other words, $\rho_{t,s}$ may take on a different value for any valid combination of $(t,s)$, a total of $\frac {T(T+... | g28880 | [
0.01883212849497795,
-0.028917385265231133,
0.006790678016841412,
-0.028612762689590454,
0.0021071182563900948,
-0.07449999451637268,
0.02902131900191307,
0.01815534569323063,
-0.04250749945640564,
-0.0013137271162122488,
-0.04095964878797531,
0.028941068798303604,
0.03320256620645523,
0.0... |
<p><em>note:</em> with no correct answers after a month, I have reposted to <a href="http://stackoverflow.com/q/7142180/199217">SO</a></p>
<p><strong>Background</strong></p>
<p>I have a model, $f$, where $Y=f(\textbf{X})$ </p>
<p>$\textbf{X}$ is an $n \times m$ matrix of samples from $m$ parameters and $Y$ is the $n... | g68736 | [
0.028337281197309494,
-0.04109388217329979,
-0.0008778856135904789,
0.0008271228871308267,
-0.019097229465842247,
-0.045405685901641846,
0.04240840673446655,
0.036299929022789,
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-0.05414273589849472,
0.02653634548187256,
-0.002333833137527108,
0.09378424286842346,
-0.... |
<p>I have a large panel data set of global trade flows and I would like to create a model for forecasting between two specific country pairs. I am just having trouble figuring out how to go about it in Stata using fixed effects and yet still accounting for the individual effects.</p>
<p>I found this research paper and... | g68737 | [
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0.007837491109967232,
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0.008233066648244858,
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0.03458666428923607,
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-0.03414168953895569,
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0.03679203614592552,
0.08250203728675842,
-0... |
<p>How best can I use the Granger causality test in time series data and understand it better because I have never used it. I want to analyze long run relationship and bi-directional relationship between two variables.</p> | g28884 | [
0.08160052448511124,
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0.0020859180949628353,
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0.020127514377236366,
0.002612158888950944,
0.06744035333395004,
0.04179474711418152,
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-0.0326058454811573,
0.05125400796532631,
0.04389703646302223,
0.029928920790553093,
0.042520... |
<p>I face an applicaton with (a possible) five-truncated Poisson distribution - I count periods at least five days long, thus data of the type (5, 8, 12, 5, 5, 10, ...). Much theory and software is devoted to the zero-truncated Poisson distribution. For instance, the R package pscl has the routine zeroinfl. My intentio... | g68738 | [
0.03712843358516693,
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-0.010057084262371063,
-0.024007225409150124,
-0.014622827991843224,
-0.0020925418939441442,
... |
<p>I have a query regarding part (a) of the following question. I cannot figure out how to calculate the conditional expected value of collections for the month of Easter. Is it not possible to calculate the expected value for (a) with the given information, as no dataset is given with the question, is it possible to c... | g29944 | [
0.02702113799750805,
-0.00210956041701138,
-0.00899436604231596,
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-0.02671370655298233,
0.05375261232256889,
-0.009429268538951874,
-0.013365822844207287,
-0.0563448891043663,
-0.003156104125082493,
0.027737218886613846,
0.0663181021809578,
0.000... |
<p>Let $X,A,Y,B,C,D$ be random binary variables. $D$ is independent from $X,A,C$ and $C$ is independent from $Y,B,D$.</p>
<p>Is it true that:</p>
<p>If $I(Y:B|D=0)\leq \epsilon$ then $I(X\oplus Y:A\oplus B|C=0,D=0)\leq \epsilon \times I(X:A|C=0)$.</p>
<p>This result seems intuitive and I managed to show it for $\eps... | g68739 | [
-0.014501786790788174,
0.041042402386665344,
0.0029712270479649305,
-0.048365429043769836,
0.06991817057132721,
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0.001397763262502849,
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-0.06306217610836029,
0.08577919006347656,
-0.06070684269070625,
0... |
<p>I am currently looking for a method to smooth values on a graph (composed of vertices and edges).
For example I have a graph with a set of nodes V and I want to be able to smooth it. I could have values on the edges, the problem would be the same using dual graph I guess.
I am looking for equations I could use, giv... | g68740 | [
0.05749697983264923,
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-0.008128441870212555,
0.0021703133825212717,
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0.00996141042560339,
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0.03430766612291336,
0.027161188423633575,
0.056004300713539124,
0.12763173878192902,
0.0... |
<p>I have used lasso logistic regression on some data and I have some non zero coefficients for some of the features.</p>
<p>I want to know based upon the coefficient values how do I rank the features?</p> | g68741 | [
0.012850497849285603,
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0.004864487797021866,
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0.09234010428190231,
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0.010318441316485405,
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-0.032265808433294296,
-0.0544668473303318,
0.07429464906454086,
0.08880334347486496,
0.02... |
<p>I have a model with the continous variable(Y) that takes zero values. So, I am trying to use the limited dependent variable model (Two part/Heckman) , but I have binary endogeneous variables (two) (X1 and X2) also which I think are jointly determined. I am guessing now I have three probit (including probit part of t... | g28888 | [
0.023409200832247734,
-0.04084906727075577,
0.009295474737882614,
-0.008958248421549797,
0.057160019874572754,
0.051580760627985,
-0.044581443071365356,
-0.010794457979500294,
-0.03768709674477577,
-0.015625158324837685,
0.02269427850842476,
-0.023554187268018723,
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0.... |
<p>I using R Package neuralnet on 40 input variables and output is predicting single variable Failure.</p>
<p>Here is how neuralnet is being used</p>
<pre><code>>>nn <- neuralnet(
Failure ~ MILStatus+EmissionStatus+MisfireMonitor+FuelSystemMonitor+
CompComponentMonitor+CatalystMonitor+Heat... | g68742 | [
-0.013856475241482258,
-0.08207744359970093,
-0.00834162812680006,
-0.01058402843773365,
0.007429192773997784,
-0.07566654682159424,
0.05931486189365387,
0.016503989696502686,
-0.05155292898416519,
-0.03065897710621357,
-0.04007343947887421,
0.056758370250463486,
0.028429636731743813,
0.03... |
<p>I have a time series where the x-axis represents hour of the day and the y-axis represents the avgerage value of some variable, say speed of all the cars in New York. I want to bucketise this data (or say cluster) on their Y-axis value. How can I decide the optimal number of buckets and what parameters should I cons... | g68743 | [
-0.0038023581728339195,
0.06503663212060928,
-0.006520107854157686,
-0.00487580057233572,
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0.01973707787692547,
-0.018654126673936844,
-0.0892084538936615,
0.017177309840917587,
-0.015094168484210968,
0.00371602107770741,
0.05441013351082802,
0.0... |
<p>I'm using SPSS Statistics Base 20. Using Analyze $\rightarrow$ Regression $\rightarrow$ Automatic Linear Modeling I've input about 50 variables.</p>
<p>When using no boosting, the reported accuracy of the model is 21%. The software does not tell me what is meant by accuracy, though.</p>
<p>When I then enable boost... | g28890 | [
-0.018680524080991745,
-0.042333267629146576,
-0.018317438662052155,
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0.007633300963789225,
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0.027495864778757095,
0.03165416419506073,
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0.0189126618206501,
-0.006603089161217213,
0.020308842882514,
0.00699852267280221,
0.02077... |
<p>I have the following column:</p>
<h2>Growth</h2>
<pre><code>0.1
0.5
0.23
.
0.5
0.67
0.23
0.42
.
.
.
0.12
0.20
</code></pre>
<p>Where dots indicate that there was no data available at that time.</p>
<p>Now I want to compute the difference in growth between the current case and the <strong>last available case</str... | g68744 | [
0.062309250235557556,
-0.056719839572906494,
-0.011692332103848457,
-0.050413578748703,
0.026348037645220757,
0.022833488881587982,
0.003125361632555723,
0.013166305609047413,
-0.06340460479259491,
-0.024607792496681213,
-0.015782849863171577,
0.04576091840863228,
0.057708222419023514,
-0.... |
<p>I'm looking for patterns in a signal.
I had used successfully a cross-correlation approach.
However, I found some references to Gibbs sampling approaches for finding patterns.</p>
<p>My question is:
Are both approaches complementary one to the other, or
are they redundant in some way?</p> | g68745 | [
0.01898285187780857,
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0.01667207106947899,
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0.019834809005260468,
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0.041111432015895844,
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0.017931459471583366,
-0.0025215225759893656,
0.010744411498308182,
-0.03902772068977356,
0.04292052984237671,
0.0... |
<p>Suppose the stochastic process ${X_t}$ satisfies the equation</p>
<p>$$X_t=\phi X_{t-1} + Z_t \tag{A}$$</p>
<p>where $\phi>1$ and $Z_t$ is a white noise. Then iterating forward we get that the only stationary solution of the equation above can be written as:</p>
<p>$$X_t=-\sum_{j=1}^{\infty}Z_{t+j} {\phi}^{-j}... | g68746 | [
0.02496226504445076,
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0.05551363155245781,
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0.06800805032253265,
0.07525862753391266,
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0.008041451685130596,
0.00913454033434391,
0.09510109573602676,
0.010401392355561256,
0.0336... |
<p>Is there another method to estimate standard errors of proportions other than $\sqrt{p(1-p)/n}$ where an estimated total population size is taken into account?</p>
<p>For example if I sample 100 out of population of 100, I should have a standard error of 0. If I sample 100 out of a billion, it should have a higher ... | g68747 | [
0.03473323583602905,
-0.011774848215281963,
-0.0019450996769592166,
-0.03371604532003403,
-0.043843142688274384,
-0.004156945738941431,
-0.026247506961226463,
0.002325855428352952,
-0.00041742876055650413,
0.022893479093909264,
0.03593740239739418,
-0.03626978024840355,
0.020821193233132362,... |
<p>What's MGD sequence in time series theory? what's the full name of MGD, I google it and can't find its definition.</p> | g68748 | [
0.021465500816702843,
0.001895486144348979,
-0.004610189702361822,
-0.010357013903558254,
-0.024678919464349747,
-0.014172124676406384,
0.04052669554948807,
0.0005679409368894994,
-0.05903547257184982,
0.010642290115356445,
-0.03473557531833649,
0.009594665840268135,
0.02507098950445652,
-... |
<p>I have a standard binary time-series–cross-section (BTSCS) model that I would like to specify as a mixed effects model using the <a href="http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lme4/index.html" rel="nofollow">lme4</a> package. I've read elsewhere that time-series–cross-section (TSCS) models can be conceptually under... | g68749 | [
0.015044192783534527,
0.011747716926038265,
-0.011637425981462002,
-0.02064356952905655,
0.0120502645149827,
-0.011413631960749626,
0.062161512672901154,
0.020885776728391647,
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0.004834949504584074,
-0.005115658976137638,
0.006238552276045084,
0.07902668416500092,
0.00... |
<p>I have a confusion matrix for a 4 class classification problem which looks this: <img src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/2jRMo.png" alt="enter image description here"></p>
<p>My hypothesis is that group 3 is easiest to classify. Somebody suggested me that I can find weber fractions from this confusion matrix and perform... | g68750 | [
0.03970233350992203,
0.0019199205562472343,
-0.012049514800310135,
-0.00711083272472024,
0.02974548004567623,
-0.04038069024682045,
0.02706245705485344,
-0.0034330973867326975,
-0.03835646063089371,
-0.011265428736805916,
0.03163236752152443,
0.007426470518112183,
0.03536805510520935,
0.00... |
<p>Still learning basic functions in R,
The subset function seems to only filter based a condition based on single column with or without multiple conditions?</p>
<p>How can I easily filter data from a dataframe?</p>
<ol>
<li><p>when you are provided with multiple conditions</p></li>
<li><p>When the condition needs t... | g68751 | [
0.032920755445957184,
0.005084212403744459,
-0.009041881188750267,
-0.07838217169046402,
0.009975247085094452,
-0.039255108684301376,
0.03585756942629814,
0.047682445496320724,
-0.05313548445701599,
-0.031534746289253235,
0.009926918894052505,
0.017040548846125603,
0.06988496333360672,
0.0... |
<p>I'm writing a thesis about cooperating competition between companies. I have a few problems with the last two research questions:</p>
<p>RQ7: Are there any differences between the perception of costs and benefits of the cooperating competition between the companies that have previously experienced the concept of co... | g39339 | [
0.012408011592924595,
-0.02521640807390213,
0.007228607311844826,
0.00606186967343092,
0.10723898559808731,
-0.009699416346848011,
0.02251199632883072,
-0.0037696550134569407,
-0.0014130481285974383,
0.04121701791882515,
0.04225702956318855,
0.04857053607702255,
-0.007508215960115194,
0.03... |
<p>I've never taken a stats course so I really don't know where to begin on this.</p>
<p>I am using microcontroller that according to the datasheet, has a Flash memory that can be reprogrammed a minimum of 10,000 times, with 100,000 times being a more typical number.</p>
<p>These numbers seem low to me (based on othe... | g38877 | [
0.06234472617506981,
-0.0011426347773522139,
-0.015004711225628853,
0.019495096057653427,
0.006753521040081978,
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0.05952410772442818,
0.01769319735467434,
-0.004955271724611521,
-0.09409795701503754,
-0.06883113831281662,
0.0505402497947216,
0.03748269006609917,
-0.033... |
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