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#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- List risk factors associated with bulimia nervosa
- Plan nursing care for clients in treatment for bulimia nervosa
- Discuss nursing implications for the therapeutic relationship in care of clients diagnosed with bulimia nervosa
Recur... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**20.4 Bulimia Nervosa**",
"token_count": 283,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Though bulimia is seen in females and males, it is significantly more common in females. The median age of the onset of bulimia is around twelve (Jain & Yilanli, 2023). The etiology of bulimia is unknown, but it is thought to include several biological, psychological, environmental, and temperamental factors that can p... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**Risk Factors for and Etiology of Bulimia**",
"token_count": 360,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
**Nurse:** Andrea P. **Clinical Setting:** Psychiatric unit **Geographic Location:** Saskatchewan, Canada
Andrea is a psychiatric nurse in Canada who battled with bulimia nervosa for sixteen years. Andrea's bulimia began in ninth grade before a trip to Hawaii where she reports that she began starving herself to look ... | {
"Header 1": "REAL RN STORIES",
"token_count": 2021,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
These interventions involve a collaborative team approach from multiple disciplines in addition to nurses, depending on the needs of the client. For example, a dietitian will work closely with all clients with bulimia, but if the client is having a complication like hypokalemia, a cardiology clinician may manage their ... | {
"Header 1": "REAL RN STORIES",
"token_count": 220,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Competencies and Interventions for Bulimia
The six QSEN competencies developed for nursing programs are important to consider when working with individuals with bulimia.
| QSEN Competency | Examples of Nursing Interventions ... | {
"Header 1": "CLINICAL SAFETY AND PROCEDURES (QSEN)",
"token_count": 1101,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Differentiate between bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder and discuss the driving factors and comorbidities that accompany binge eating disorder
- Plan nursing care and discuss nursing implications for clients in treatment for bin... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**20.5 Binge-Eating Disorder**",
"token_count": 266,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder can present in similar fashions. In both disorders, there is a loss of control that can occur with food during binge eating episodes. There are also repeated episodes of eating large quantities of food in a short period of time.
#### **Bulimia versus Binge Eating Disorder** ... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**Comparison with Bulimia Nervosa and Driving Factors behind BED**",
"token_count": 302,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Social Factors Contributing to Binge Eating Disorder
There are several social factors that have been associated with BED. Though BED is prevalent in all socioeconomic groups, it affects certain populations more than others. People who have experienced events like violence, trauma, or poverty are at an increased ... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"token_count": 1623,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Discuss the etiology of pica
- Identify conditions that are associated with pica
- Summarize the treatment options for pica
- Describe nursing considerations for clients with pica
The eating disorder in which an individual repeatedly ... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"Header 3": "**20.6 Pica**",
"token_count": 2035,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Discuss etiologies and diagnostic criteria of rumination disorder
- Summarize treatment for rumination disorder
- Plan nursing care for clients with rumination disorder
In a gastrointestinal context, **rumination** is when ingested fo... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"Header 3": "**20.7 Rumination Disorder**",
"token_count": 467,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Rumination syndrome can mimic gastrointestinal disorders and is often misdiagnosed (Taclob et al., 2022). Clients can present with symptoms of heartburn or abdominal pain that is also seen with gastrointestinal disorders, and report "vomiting." (Kusnik & Vaqar, 2023). Obtaining a detailed history is essential to determ... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"Header 3": "**Etiology and Diagnosis of Rumination**",
"token_count": 636,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Rumination syndrome is a treatable condition and is considered an acquired habit that can be reversed (Kusnik & Vaqar, 2023). The most effective treatments for rumination syndrome are behavioral therapies that include diaphragmatic breathing and biofeedback (Sasegbon et al., 2022). Diaphragmatic breathing is a techniqu... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"Header 3": "**Treatment**",
"token_count": 981,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Eating disorders are a growing concern in nursing that can affect individuals of all ages and backgrounds. Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, pica, and rumination are all eating disorders influenced by many psychological, behavioral, genetic, social, and... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**[20.1](#page-673-0) [Psychological, Social, and Physiological Factors](#page-673-0)**",
"token_count": 1256,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Discuss the DSM-5-TR diagnosis relative to somatic symptom disorders and their presentation
- Identify psychosocial and behavioral risk factors for somatic symptom disorders
- Give examples of client symptoms associated with somatic sym... | {
"Header 1": "**21.1 Psychological and Behavioral Factors in Somatic Symptom Disorders**",
"token_count": 212,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
When a client is focused on physical symptoms to the point of significant distress and disruption of normal functioning, they are considered to have **somatic symptom disorder (SSD)** (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2022). The term **somatic** means relating to or affecting the body. The physical symptoms expe... | {
"Header 1": "**21.1 Psychological and Behavioral Factors in Somatic Symptom Disorders**",
"Header 3": "**DSM-5 Medical Diagnosis**",
"token_count": 289,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
This [case study of a thirty-one-year-old female client](https://openstax.org/r/77SSD) (https://openstax.org/r/77SSD) who was ultimately diagnosed with SSD after presenting with multiple complaints illustrates how SSD clients are usually diagnosed after presenting to primary care or emergency care departments, not psyc... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 684,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Cultural Considerations and Somatic Symptom Disorder
Numerous studies have shown that unexpressed emotions play a notable role in somatic symptom disorder (SSD). The country of Iran has been identified as having a particularly high rate of SSD. The authors of one study found three main obstacles to the expressio... | {
"Header 1": "CULTURAL CONTEXT",
"token_count": 415,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Individuals with somatic symptom disorder (SSD) may adopt maladaptive coping strategies, such as excessive rumination about their symptoms, catastrophizing (interpreting symptoms as indicating a serious illness), or engaging in behaviors that temporarily relieve distress but reinforce the illness belief. One example of... | {
"Header 1": "CULTURAL CONTEXT",
"Header 3": "**Behaviors and Symptoms of Clients with SSD**",
"token_count": 1561,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
- discuss effective strategies for maintaining and ensuring safe environment, and provide client and family education
- describe factors that can create the therapeutic relationship, such as focusing on the "here and now" and teaching grounding exercises and goal setting
- demonstrate effective therapeutic communicatio... | {
"Header 1": "CLINICAL SAFETY AND PROCEDURES (QSEN)",
"Header 3": "QSEN Competency: Safety for the Client with Somatic Symptom Disorder The nurse will:",
"token_count": 485,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Discuss the DSM-5-TR diagnosis relative to functional neurological disorder
- Identify risk factors for functional neurological disorder
- Give examples of client behaviors associated with functional neurological disorder
- Describe str... | {
"Header 1": "**21.2 Functional Neurological Disorder**",
"token_count": 410,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Though research is ongoing regarding effective therapies, this article [tells of a twenty-six-year-old male client who](https://openstax.org/r/77neurosympt) [experienced severe neurological symptoms after an assault](https://openstax.org/r/77neurosympt) (https://openstax.org/r/77neurosympt) and how he was ultimately di... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 1656,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
FND is a medical condition classified by the DSM-5. As with other somatic symptom–related disorders, nursing care for FND begins with a caring and nonjudgmental approach to establish trust and rapport. The nurse should provide the client with accurate information about FND to help them understand the nature of their co... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**Nursing Care for Functional Neurological Disorder**",
"token_count": 211,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
**Nurse:** Jamila, RN **Years in Practice:** Five **Clinical Setting:** Charge nurse on a neurology floor at a large tertiary care hospital **Geographic Location:** Major metropolitan area
Our neurology floor is large, and we care for a diverse population. We have a special epilepsy monitoring unit, which consists of... | {
"Header 1": "REAL RN STORIES",
"token_count": 1340,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Discuss the DSM-5-TR diagnosis relative to factitious disorder
- Identify risk factors for factitious disorder
- Give examples of client symptoms and behaviors associated with factitious disorder
- Describe stress responses of clients d... | {
"Header 1": "**21.3 Factitious Disorder**",
"token_count": 563,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
This case study [investigated factitious disorder on the internet](https://openstax.org/r/77factitiousdis) (https://openstax.org/r/77factitiousdis) with online behavior of a member of a breast cancer support group.
#### **Risk Factors for Factitious Disorder**
The risk factors for factitious disorder are multifacto... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 2012,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Client Empowerment
In this scenario, the nurse builds trust with a client with factitious disorder while still maintaining clear boundaries.
**Nurse:** Good morning, AJ, how was your night?
**Client:** Another sleepless eight hours! I guess I just don't deserve a good night's sleep!
**Nurse:** You don't de... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"token_count": 1898,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Discuss DSM-5-TR diagnosis relative to illness anxiety disorder
- Identify risk factors for illness anxiety disorder
- Give examples of client symptoms and behaviors associated with illness anxiety disorder
- Describe stress responses r... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"Header 3": "**21.4 Illness Anxiety Disorder**",
"token_count": 885,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Individuals with illness anxiety disorder may frequently schedule medical appointments, seeking validation or reassurance about their perceived symptoms. They may consult multiple health-care providers or request numerous diagnostic tests and procedures, even in the absence of medical indications. Yet while some client... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"Header 3": "**Behaviors and Symptoms Associated with Illness Anxiety Disorder**",
"token_count": 261,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Recognizing and Analyzing Cues: Illness Anxiety Disorder
Dimi is a thirty-five-year-old female referred to psychiatry from the hospital emergency department (ED) where she presented demanding diagnostic imaging. The client stated that she was fired from her job for attendance and performance issues and wanted to... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"Header 3": "CLINICAL JUDGMENT MEASUREMENT MODEL",
"token_count": 1077,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Illness anxiety disorder can have varied and serious effects on the lives of clients. People with illness anxiety often experience persistent worry and preoccupation with the idea of having a serious medical condition. This preoccupation can consume a significant amount of their time, attention, and mental energy, maki... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"Header 3": "**Stress Responses Reported by Clients**",
"token_count": 386,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Nursing care of the individual with illness anxiety disorder begins with building a trusting relationship. The nurse should foster an environment where the client feels comfortable expressing their concerns, fears, and anxieties openly. The nurse should actively listen, validate their feelings, and provide reassurance ... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"Header 3": "**Nursing Care**",
"token_count": 386,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Access the Health Anxiety Inventory [\(https://openstax.org/r/77HltAnxyInvtry\)](https://openstax.org/r/77HltAnxyInvtry) to see an example of a standardized screening tool for IAD.
Make sure to engage the individual in a collaborative discussion, allowing them to express their concerns, fears, and beliefs openly. Be ... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 486,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) is a condition that occurs when a client is focused on physical symptoms to the point of significant distress and disruption of normal functioning. Risk factors include a history of childhood trauma, family history of SSD or mental health disorders, certain personality traits, and sociocu... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**[21.1](#page-711-0) [Psychological and Behavioral Factors in Somatic Symptom Disorders](#page-711-0)**",
"token_count": 772,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
**factitious disorder** mental health condition in which individuals feign illness or intentionally make others believe they are sick, characterized by a desire for attention and validation
**factitious disorder imposed on another (FDIA)** form of factitious disorder where an individual intentionally causes illness o... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**Key Terms**",
"token_count": 317,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
**FIGURE 22.1** The etiology of psychological and mental health disorders can be multifaceted, ranging from genetic and biological to environmental; often, specific causes are a combination of the types of factors or remain a mystery. (credit: "National Nurses Week: Capt. Stephanie Smidd... | {
"Header 1": "CHAPTER 22 Sexual Dysfunction and Gender Dysphoria",
"token_count": 477,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Discuss terminology from the DSM-5-TR relative to sexual dysfunction
- Describe stressors reported by clients associated with sexual dysfunction
- Identify nurses' potential reactions to clients with sexual dysfunction issues
- Apply ev... | {
"Header 1": "**22.1 Categories of Sexual Dysfunction**",
"token_count": 396,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
The DSM-5-TR (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2022) provides detailed descriptions of eight specific sexual dysfunctions:
- delayed ejaculation
- erectile disorder
- female orgasmic disorder
- female sexual interest/arousal disorder
- genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder
- male hypoactive sexual desire dis... | {
"Header 1": "**22.1 Categories of Sexual Dysfunction**",
"Header 3": "**DSM-5-TR Terminology Related to Sexual Dysfunction**",
"token_count": 2026,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
For example, in a study of Orthodox Jewish couples, Friedman (2019) found that one of the most frequently reported problems was inhibited arousal and orgasm in the males related to their religious belief system and attitudes toward sexuality. Moreover, Friedman pointed out that sex education was limited among Orthodox ... | {
"Header 1": "**22.1 Categories of Sexual Dysfunction**",
"Header 3": "**DSM-5-TR Terminology Related to Sexual Dysfunction**",
"token_count": 849,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Age Differences between Client and Nurse
The sexual response cycle in adulthood has both biological and psychosocial underpinnings. After reaching sexual maturity, physiological changes in hormones, muscles, and the circulatory system may contribute uniquely to the development of a sexual dysfunction. For exampl... | {
"Header 1": "LIFE-STAGE CONTEXT",
"token_count": 913,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Literature Review of Stress Related to Sexual Dysfunction in Females
A systematic literature review showed that female sexual dysfunction is more strongly related to relationship stress than it is for males (McCabe & Connaughton, 2017). In this paper, the authors reviewed studies of sexual dysfunction in both ma... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"token_count": 1760,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Clients with sexual dysfunctions have reported a wide range of stressful experiences, which they may view as antecedents or consequences of the specific disorder. Sexual behavior is intimately connected to one's sexual identity and is highly visible in American society. Childhood experiences of sexually curious explora... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"Header 3": "**Stressors Reported by Clients Associated with Sexual Dysfunction**",
"token_count": 1221,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Culture and Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)
Sexual dysfunctions in some females are related to cultural practices involving various forms of circumcision or genital cutting. Referred to as **female genital mutilation/circumcision (FGM/C)** by the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund... | {
"Header 1": "CULTURAL CONTEXT",
"token_count": 511,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
The young woman in this video experienced FGM [\(https://openstax.org/r/77FemaleGenMuti\)](https://openstax.org/r/77FemaleGenMuti) at age six as part of her culture in Somalia. At the age of twenty-nine, she discusses the trauma of the actual cutting, the lack of discussion about it within her family after the fact, an... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 1748,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
The World Health Organization (2024b) describes sexual health as similar to overall health, that is, not only the absence of disease, but also general well-being for every person. Cardiac health is essential for circulatory function, physical energy, and endurance—all of which can affect sexual activity and response. I... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**Overall Health Benefits on Sexual Health**",
"token_count": 459,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Discuss terminology from the DSM-5-TR relative to paraphilias
- Describe stressors reported by clients due to paraphilias
- Identify nurses' potential reactions to clients with paraphilias
- Apply evidence-based nursing management of cl... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**22.2 Paraphilias**",
"token_count": 372,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
A variety of uncommon sexual practices are considered paraphilias and may be diagnosable psychiatric disorders. To rise to the level of psychiatric diagnosis, a paraphilia must cause intense distress or impairment to oneself and/or to others (APA, 2022; Castellini et al., 2018). In the DSM-5, the eight specific paraphi... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**DSM-5-TR Terminology Related to Paraphilias**",
"token_count": 2016,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
As with other paraphilic disorders, to meet the DSM-5 criteria for psychiatric diagnosis, the behavior must be exhibited at least three times over six months and the client must experience great distress (e.g., shame, guilt, anxiety) and social impairment (e.g., difficulty working). Most studies indicate that approxima... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**DSM-5-TR Terminology Related to Paraphilias**",
"token_count": 1543,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Read this report of [original research done with university students in Italy](https://openstax.org/r/77adversesexexp) (https://openstax.org/r/77adversesexexp) to learn more about the relationship between paraphilias, hypersexuality, and adverse childhood sexual experiences.
Nurses are cautioned to be nonjudgmental i... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 942,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Discuss terminology from the APA DSM-5-TR relative to gender identity
- Describe stressors reported by clients due to gender dysphoria
- Outline issues involved in planning nursing care for client with gender dysphoria
- Identify nurses... | {
"Header 1": "**22.3 Gender Dysphoria**",
"token_count": 1350,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
**Nurse:** Calvin N., RN ADN **Years in Practice:** 2+ years **Clinical Setting:** Public family clinic **Geographic Location:** Tampa, FL
I completed my associate degree nursing program in December 2021. My roommate for the last two semesters was Dex, and the two of us had spent every waking moment studying, being i... | {
"Header 1": "REAL RN STORIES",
"token_count": 926,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
This link presents a [video of several Transgender youth who clarify terminology](https://openstax.org/r/77TransgenTerms) (https://openstax.org/r/ [77TransgenTerms\)](https://openstax.org/r/77TransgenTerms) and indicate that Transgender connotes a wide variety of identities.
The word dysphoria means to feel dissatisf... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 1507,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Teamwork and Collaboration to Address Gender Dysphoria
Although there is a paucity of nursing literature addressing gender dysphoria, nurses have the potential to contribute to greater knowledge and understanding of this important area of health care. One of the hallmarks of Quality and Safety Education for Nurs... | {
"Header 1": "CLINICAL SAFETY AND PROCEDURES (QSEN)",
"token_count": 504,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Some nurses may feel conflicted and uncomfortable when assigned to care for a person with gender dysphoria. Religious upbringing, strong beliefs about sexuality, and what is "right" or "wrong" may have resulted in the nurse holding unexamined biases and stereotypes of persons who are "different." When this is the case,... | {
"Header 1": "CLINICAL SAFETY AND PROCEDURES (QSEN)",
"Header 3": "**Nurses' Potential Reactions to Clients with Gender Dysphoria**",
"token_count": 229,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **[22.1](#page-739-0) [Categories of Sexual Dysfunction](#page-739-0)**
Sexuality and sexual health are central to human well-being. Nurses in all health-care settings must keep in mind that their clients are sexual beings and that they may experience mild, moderate, or severe problems in different aspects of th... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**Summary**",
"token_count": 536,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
**FIGURE 23.1** Understanding the psychiatric-mental health issues that can affect young people and older adults is important for a nurse to care for clients across the life span. (credit: "Ada's feet" by Christian Haugen/flickr, CC BY 2.0)
#### **CHAPTER OUTLINE**
- 23.1 [Intellectu... | {
"Header 1": "CHAPTER 23 Children and Adolescents",
"token_count": 470,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
The preferred term for intellectual functioning that falls below an IQ of 70 and starts before age eighteen is **intellectual developmental disorder**, previously known as "mental retardation" (EPA, 2015). These disabilities can affect speech, thought, language, socialization, motor skills, and behavior (Empower Behavi... | {
"Header 1": "**23.1 Intellectual Disabilities**",
"Header 3": "**Defining and Diagnosis of Intellectual Developmental Disorder**",
"token_count": 744,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Visit this website to understand the [Classifications of Intellectual Disability Severity](https://openstax.org/r/77disabilitysev) (https://openstax.org/r/ [77disabilitysev\)](https://openstax.org/r/77disabilitysev) published by the National Academy of Sciences.
#### **Conceptual Domain**
The **conceptual domain** ... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 363,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Individuals with IDD experience stigma. And stigma may vary by culture. Nurses should be aware of specific cultural stigmas that may be applied to this population of people in order to provide individualized treatment that aligns with personal/family beliefs. Some Asian and African cultures believe in interdependence a... | {
"Header 1": "CULTURAL CONTEXT",
"Header 3": "Cultural Stigma toward Those with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDDs)",
"token_count": 1632,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
The American Nurses Association's [position statement relating to people with intellectual and developmental](https://openstax.org/r/77nurseposition) disabilities [\(https://openstax.org/r/77nurseposition\)](https://openstax.org/r/77nurseposition) asserts that individuals with these disabilities experience health-care ... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 399,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Take Action: Interventions to Prevent Cognitive Disabilities
A first-time mother is at her obstetrician's office for her first prenatal visit. As part of the visit, the nurse goes into the exam room to provide education to the client. The nurse explains the importance of keeping up with her prenatal appointments... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "CLINICAL JUDGMENT MEASUREMENT MODEL",
"token_count": 798,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Persistent difficulty with language and/or speech is considered a **communication disorder**. There are set developmental milestones that mark a healthy progression on the speech-language trajectory, and individuals with communication disorders may not meet them. Problems with articulation, quality, pitch, loudness, an... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**Defining Communication Disorders**",
"token_count": 318,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
During the first five years of a child's life, they are developing critical skills that assist them with learning verbal and reasoning skills, how to socialize with others, and growing their independence. Developmental milestones help both parents and health-care professionals to recognize any deficits a child has that... | {
"Header 1": "LIFE-STAGE CONTEXT",
"Header 3": "Stages of Communication Development in Childhood",
"token_count": 791,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Effects of Stuttering on Social Anxiety in Children
Stuttering can cause children to have social anxiety because of the bullying and negativity they receive from peers. The DSM-5 describes social anxiety disorder as the fear of performance-based social interactions. In the case of a child or adolescent who stutt... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"token_count": 1279,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Define autism spectrum disorder
- Understand the different types of family support available to children with autism spectrum disorder
- Identify resources for information and support
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be found four t... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"Header 3": "**23.3 Autism Spectrum Disorder**",
"token_count": 1080,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Watch this [American Academy of Pediatrics informational video](https://openstax.org/r/77autism) (https://openstax.org/r/77autism) to help parents understand the CDC's 2023 statistics about the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder. It can be useful when educating families receiving a diagnosis of ASD in their child. ... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 949,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Families must adapt to the needs of the child with ASD. Sensory considerations, such as modifying the environment, creating routines, or using other strategies can help manage discomfort in a child with ASD (Autism Speaks, n.d.). Siblings may feel added stress as their responsibilities within the household increase. La... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**Family Support**",
"token_count": 627,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
This article [provides another viewpoint regarding use of applied behavior analysis](https://openstax.org/r/77appbehanalysi) (https://openstax.org/r/ [77appbehanalysi\)](https://openstax.org/r/77appbehanalysi) (ABA).
#### **Developmental Approaches**
Developmental approaches focus on improving specific developmenta... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 937,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
There are several levels of intervention services available depending on when ASD is suspected and diagnosed (Healthychildren.org, 2023). The first is early intervention programs available through the state if the child is under the age of three when ASD is first suspected. Once the child is between ages three and five... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**Community Services and Information Resources**",
"token_count": 250,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Outline diagnosis and presentation of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Define the nurse's role in creating a family plan for child with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Identify resources for information and support ... | {
"Header 1": "**23.4 Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder**",
"token_count": 211,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
ADHD affects approximately 9.8 percent of American children aged thirteen to seventeen (CDC, 2022f). The global prevalence of ADHD in children and adolescents who are younger than nineteen is estimated to be 5 percent (Wüstner et al., 2019). It is normal for children to exhibit challenging behaviors and have trouble fo... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**Diagnosis and Presentations of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder**",
"token_count": 418,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### ADHD Is Not Just for Kids
According to an article published by the Harvard Medical School (Collier, 2020), older adults who may not have ever been diagnosed with ADHD often seek the advice of their primary care provider when they begin to notice problems with their memory or completion of tasks. It is often not ... | {
"Header 1": "LIFE-STAGE CONTEXT",
"token_count": 297,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
A nurse can support parents of children with ADHD by educating them on some interventions they can use with their children. The CDC (2023) suggests that families:
- Create a routine to help the child to stay focused.
- Organize things like shoes, toys, school bags, and keep them in the same place.
- Provide a quiet e... | {
"Header 1": "LIFE-STAGE CONTEXT",
"Header 3": "**Nurse's Role in Supporting Families with Children with ADHD**",
"token_count": 288,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Client/Family-Centered Care for the Client with ADHD
When caring for a client with ADHD, nurse will:
- Recognize the client's inability to focus as a potential barrier to participation in the plan of care.
- Promote and facilitate the client's involvement in extracurricular activities as a means to promote hea... | {
"Header 1": "CLINICAL SAFETY AND PROCEDURES (QSEN)",
"token_count": 1125,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Analyze Cues: The Use of Graphic Organizers to Develop Clinical Judgment Related to the Use of Medication to Treat ADHD
Nursing students today are being encouraged to use some type of graphic organizer to assist them with organizing the vast amount of information they are learning. Being able to analyze cues from ass... | {
"Header 1": "CLINICAL SAFETY AND PROCEDURES (QSEN)",
"Header 3": "CLINICAL JUDGMENT MEASUREMENT MODEL",
"token_count": 608,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Define the various forms of specific learning disorders
- Outline approaches used to treat specific learning disorders
- Define and categorize motor disorders
Globally, learning disabilities occur in nearly 5 percent of all school-age... | {
"Header 1": "**23.5 Specific Learning Disorders and Motor Disorders**",
"token_count": 260,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
A **learning disorder** occurs when a person has a difficult time in an area of learning, but it is not related to motivation or IQ level, emotional problems, cultural differences, or level of disadvantage. There are four commonly recognized learning disorders: dyslexia, dyscalculia, dysgraphia, and nonverbal learning ... | {
"Header 1": "**23.5 Specific Learning Disorders and Motor Disorders**",
"Header 3": "**Defining Specific Learning Disorders**",
"token_count": 1076,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
This video provides [information on the skills and qualities of a learning disability nurse](https://openstax.org/r/77disabltynurse) (https://openstax.org/r/ [77disabltynurse\)](https://openstax.org/r/77disabltynurse) that can improve success with clients.
#### **Criteria for Defining Motor Disorder**
The Virginia ... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 364,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
**Nurse:** Irene S., MSN RN **Years in Practice:** More than 45 **Clinical Setting:** Children's residential treatment center **Geographic Location:** GA, NC, and TN
Years ago, I worked at a children's residential treatment center that included a special education school. I
collaborated with the school nurse, as pa... | {
"Header 1": "REAL RN STORIES",
"token_count": 336,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Describe diagnosis of tic disorder and Tourette syndrome
- Understand treatment options and the nurse's role in treatment of children with tic disorder and Tourette syndrome
- Identify resources for information and support
Tourette sy... | {
"Header 1": "REAL RN STORIES",
"Header 3": "**23.6 Tic Disorder and Tourette Syndrome**",
"token_count": 891,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Teens with Tourette Syndrome
When an adolescent enters middle school and then high school, their peer group becomes their focus. A young person with Tourette syndrome may experience bullying, stigma, and misunderstanding (Tourette Association of America, 2023). Educating others about this disorder is an importan... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"token_count": 629,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
View this website for valuable [information on tics and Tourette syndrome](https://openstax.org/r/77tourette) (https://openstax.org/r/77tourette) from
#### Cincinnati Children's Hospital.
#### **Nurse's Role**
Nurses support clients and their families through diagnosis, treatment, and management of tic disorders.... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 496,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Describe disruptive, impulse control disorders, such as conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
- Understand multisystemic treatment for a child with conduct disorders
- Identify resou... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**23.7 Conduct Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Disruptive Mood Dysregulation**",
"token_count": 1160,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Multisystemic treatment (MST) is an intensive therapy that takes place over a three- to five-month period and uses a family-based approach (AnnaFreud.org, 2023). This type of therapy provides support for both the child/adolescent and their parents. It can occur in the home, school, or other chosen area within the indiv... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**Multisystemic Treatment (MST)**",
"token_count": 652,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Family Empowerment
Families that have a child with conduct disorder can feel overwhelmed by the behaviors present in this disorder. Nurses and other mental health professionals are in a position in which they can help to empower these families. Family therapy offers a safe space for family members to share their... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"token_count": 1259,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **[23.1](#page-771-0) [Intellectual Disabilities](#page-771-0)**
Intellectual disabilities are diagnosed in the developmental years but continue to affect individuals across the life span. Intellectual disabilities affect about 1 percent of the world's population. There are many categories of intellectual disabi... | {
"Header 1": "PSYCHOSOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS",
"Header 3": "**Summary**",
"token_count": 1751,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
People of any age can have complex health statuses. With older adults, however, the chances are higher due to the normal aging process as well as the long-term effects of a long life lived. It is common for an older adult to have multiple illnesses that are complex on their own, but become more so when combined with ot... | {
"Header 1": "**24.1 Healthcare Concerns and Decisions of Older Adults**",
"Header 3": "**Complexity of Health Status in Older Adults**",
"token_count": 913,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### Coping Styles
Because coping styles vary according to cultural influence, the nurse must be sensitive to differences in clients' approach to health concerns. Some may avoid acceptance of problems, while others may turn to family members or spiritual advisors. Individuals may view seeking assistance from the heal... | {
"Header 1": "CULTURAL CONTEXT",
"token_count": 2032,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
There are many resources available for older adults in the United States: resources to help with services for older adults aging in place in their homes and living independently, help with taxes, help deciding about medical insurance, help securing transportation, help finding eligibility for government or state benefi... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**Available Resources for Older Clients**",
"token_count": 1961,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Medicare.gov provides a description of skilled nursing facility (SNF) care [\(https://openstax.org/r/77skillnursing\)](https://openstax.org/r/77skillnursing) and costs in Medicare.
#### **Caregiver Considerations for Older Adults**
Resources for older adults often include finding caregivers. A caregiver for an olde... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 712,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
**Nurse:** Bruce, RN **Years in Practice:** Twenty-two **Clinical Setting:** Assisted living facility **Geographic Location:** Texas
Bruce is an RN and the director of nursing for a Level 2 assisted living facility with a memory care unit. He is working with a resident and his family in the memory care unit. The resi... | {
"Header 1": "REAL RN STORIES",
"token_count": 302,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Aging affects the entire body, including the brain, even in those with "normal" aging. With normal aging, certain parts of the brain shrink, and in certain brain areas, the neurons may not be able to communicate as effectively. Blood flow to the brain may be less due to cholesterol deposits or atherosclerosis and narro... | {
"Header 1": "**24.2 Depression**",
"Header 3": "**Mental Changes Associated with Aging**",
"token_count": 1034,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
The first step in preventing depression is to understand the factors that lead to the onset of symptoms and to understand what those symptoms are in older adults. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2023), roughly 14 percent of those over sixty years old experience a mental health issue, most commonly anxi... | {
"Header 1": "CULTURAL CONTEXT",
"Header 3": "**Prevention of Depression in Older Adults**",
"token_count": 1654,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
The Columbia Lighthouse Project [\(https://openstax.org/r/77LighthousePjt\)](https://openstax.org/r/77LighthousePjt) provides education on assessing for suicide risk as well as training on how to use it.
Treatment for depression can be provided in the hospital setting or in the outpatient setting. Psychotherapy may b... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 1363,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Hildegard Peplau (1909–1999), the well-known psychiatric-mental health nurse theorist, developed a model describing four levels of anxiety: mild, moderate, severe, and panic. Behaviors and characteristics can overlap across these levels, but it can be helpful to tailor interventions based on the level of anxiety the cl... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**Levels, Causes, and Support for Anxiety in Older Adults**",
"token_count": 393,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
Mental Health America offers fact sheets on anxiety in older adults [\(https://openstax.org/r/77MtlHltAmerica\)](https://openstax.org/r/77MtlHltAmerica) including types, risk factors, screening, treatment, and Medicare coverage.
#### **Etiology and Symptoms**
Anxiety disorders are thought to have a complex etiology... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 1802,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Identify risk factors for delirium in older adults
- Comprehend the three categories of delirium in older adults
- Identify ways to detect delirium in an older adult
- Discuss the nurse's role in planning care for an older adult with de... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**24.4 Delirium**",
"token_count": 2026,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
The American Nurses Association (ANA), in partnership with the American Delirium Society, has published a [health](https://openstax.org/r/77delirium) and safety resource [\(https://openstax.org/r/77delirium\)](https://openstax.org/r/77delirium) titled "Delirium: Prevent, Identify, Treat" on the ANA website.
#### **On... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 908,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
To improve care, clients, their families, and health-care professionals must actively participate at all levels of the health-care system. This is known as care partner (client and family) engagement and can be applied to collaborative care of the older adult with delirium.
Engagement of care partners at the level of... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**Care Partner Engagement for Older Adults with Delirium**",
"token_count": 241,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
#### **LEARNING OBJECTIVES**
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Discuss risks, screening, and stigma related to alcohol use in older adults
- Outline the clinical management of an older adult with alcohol use problems
- Summarize aftercare for older adults in alcohol use recovery
Older adults are ... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"Header 3": "**24.5 Alcohol Use**",
"token_count": 885,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
This [presentation describes substance use disorder and addictions](https://openstax.org/r/77SMASTG) (https://openstax.org/r/77SMASTG) among older adults in health centers. The adapted SMAST-G is shown as well as how to generally screen older adults and provide brief interventions.
#### **Stigma and Ageism**
In the... | {
"Header 1": "LINK TO LEARNING",
"token_count": 296,
"source_pdf": "datasets/websources/Med_v1/med_textbook/Psychiatric-Mental_Health_Nursing-WEB.pdf"
} |
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