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4 | CD003390 | The limited available evidence suggests folate may have a potential role as a supplement to other treatment for depression. It is currently unclear if this is the case both for people with normal folate levels, and for those with folate deficiency. | 8,257,478 | Oral 5'-methyltetrahydrofolic acid in senile organic mental disorders with depression: results of a double-blind multicenter study. | 5'-Methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5'-MTHF) in addition to standard psychotropic medication significantly improved clinical recovery in depressed patients with borderline or definite folate deficiency, and significantly reduced depressive symptoms in elderly normofolatemic patients after 3 weeks of treatment. In this equiv... | 4 |
5 | CD002830 | This is an important, and surprisingly under-researched, area. To date, use of droperidol for emergency situations has been justified by experience rather than evidence from well conducted and reported randomised trials, but, as world reserves diminish, droperidol will no longer be a treatment option. | 321,727 | Droperidol in acutely agitated patients. A double-blind placebo-controlled study. | Forty-one acutely agitated patients received an i.v. injection of 4 ml of a double blind solution containing either 10 mg of droperidol or placebo. The need for further medication (5 mg of haloperidol after 3 minutes or individually adapted psychotropics after 30 minutes) was used as a parameter for the evaluation of t... | 5 |
5 | CD002830 | This is an important, and surprisingly under-researched, area. To date, use of droperidol for emergency situations has been justified by experience rather than evidence from well conducted and reported randomised trials, but, as world reserves diminish, droperidol will no longer be a treatment option. | 6,376,480 | Droperidol vs. haloperidol in the initial management of acutely agitated patients. | In a double-blind clinical study, 27 acutely agitated patients were treated with an intramuscular injection of 5 mg of droperidol or 5 mg of haloperidol from identical appearing vials. At 30 minutes following treatment, 81% of the patients treated with haloperidol but only 36% treated with droperidol required a second ... | 5 |
5 | CD002830 | This is an important, and surprisingly under-researched, area. To date, use of droperidol for emergency situations has been justified by experience rather than evidence from well conducted and reported randomised trials, but, as world reserves diminish, droperidol will no longer be a treatment option. | 4,947,197 | [Droperidol: a double-blind clinical study]. | null | 5 |
6 | CD003656 | Intensive interventions, unsuited to primary care or population prevention programmes, provide only minimal reductions in blood pressure during long-term trials. Further evaluations to assess effects on morbidity and mortality outcomes are needed for populations as a whole and for patients with elevated blood pressure.... | 6,133,987 | Evaluation of the effectiveness of a low sodium diet in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension. | 28 patients who had a sustained diastolic blood pressure of 95 to 104 mm Hg and who had no treatment for it for at least 13 months before the trial, but who were otherwise unselected, took part in a randomised controlled trial in which the effect of a restricted sodium diet was compared with that of a general health pa... | 6 |
6 | CD003656 | Intensive interventions, unsuited to primary care or population prevention programmes, provide only minimal reductions in blood pressure during long-term trials. Further evaluations to assess effects on morbidity and mortality outcomes are needed for populations as a whole and for patients with elevated blood pressure.... | 7,032,811 | Effects of a low-salt diet and of acute salt loading on blood pressure and intralymphocytic sodium concentration in young subjects with borderline hypertension. | 1. Three groups of young patients with borderline hypertension were studied for a 12 months period. The first was on a free sodium diet while the second was on a low-salt diet. The third group of patients underwent acute salt loading. 2. After 12 months the group on free diet showed a significant increase of intralymph... | 6 |
6 | CD003656 | Intensive interventions, unsuited to primary care or population prevention programmes, provide only minimal reductions in blood pressure during long-term trials. Further evaluations to assess effects on morbidity and mortality outcomes are needed for populations as a whole and for patients with elevated blood pressure.... | 6,962,371 | A pilot study to test the feasibility of salt restriction in a community. | Index subjects were selected from the population of Milton studied in the May 1981 survey. Index subjects aged 64 or less with a systolic blood pressure 138-179 mmHg (18.35/23.8 kPa), including those on antihypertensive treatment, were invited to participate with their families. Index subjects were divided into two mat... | 6 |
6 | CD003656 | Intensive interventions, unsuited to primary care or population prevention programmes, provide only minimal reductions in blood pressure during long-term trials. Further evaluations to assess effects on morbidity and mortality outcomes are needed for populations as a whole and for patients with elevated blood pressure.... | 2,404,477 | The Hypertension Prevention Trial: three-year effects of dietary changes on blood pressure. Hypertension Prevention Trial Research Group. | A total of 841 healthy men and women aged 25 to 49 years, with diastolic blood pressures of 78 to 89 mm Hg, were randomly assigned to a control treatment group (no dietary counseling) or to one of four dietary counseling treatment groups (reduced calories, reduced sodium, reduced sodium and calories, or reduced sodium ... | 6 |
6 | CD003656 | Intensive interventions, unsuited to primary care or population prevention programmes, provide only minimal reductions in blood pressure during long-term trials. Further evaluations to assess effects on morbidity and mortality outcomes are needed for populations as a whole and for patients with elevated blood pressure.... | 3,319,111 | Sodium restriction can delay the return of hypertension in patients previously well-controlled on drug therapy. | Sodium restriction can reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The present study indicates that if hypertension is well controlled then the reemergence of hypertension can be decreased by the use of a reduced sodium intake. The present paper demonstrates that in such patients on a normal salt diet, 90% become h... | 6 |
6 | CD003656 | Intensive interventions, unsuited to primary care or population prevention programmes, provide only minimal reductions in blood pressure during long-term trials. Further evaluations to assess effects on morbidity and mortality outcomes are needed for populations as a whole and for patients with elevated blood pressure.... | 1,433,163 | Feasibility of a long-term low-sodium diet in mild hypertension. | The present study set out to assess the feasibility of long-term moderate dietary sodium restriction in patients with mild hypertension in general practice. After screening and a run-in phase of 6-8 weeks, a total of 77 previously undiagnosed mildly hypertensive patients were identified. Half of them were randomized to... | 6 |
6 | CD003656 | Intensive interventions, unsuited to primary care or population prevention programmes, provide only minimal reductions in blood pressure during long-term trials. Further evaluations to assess effects on morbidity and mortality outcomes are needed for populations as a whole and for patients with elevated blood pressure.... | 7,637,923 | Salt restriction and physical activity in treated hypertensives. | To determine the effect on blood pressure from brisk walking with or without salt restriction in a community based sample of treated hypertensives.
The intervention was undertaken in a community setting with a factorial randomised controlled trial and blinded assessment of blood pressure. One hundred an... | 6 |
6 | CD003656 | Intensive interventions, unsuited to primary care or population prevention programmes, provide only minimal reductions in blood pressure during long-term trials. Further evaluations to assess effects on morbidity and mortality outcomes are needed for populations as a whole and for patients with elevated blood pressure.... | 1,586,398 | The effects of nonpharmacologic interventions on blood pressure of persons with high normal levels. Results of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention, Phase I. | To test the short-term feasibility and efficacy of seven nonpharmacologic interventions in persons with high normal diastolic blood pressure.
Randomized control multicenter trials.
Volunteers recruited from the community, treated and followed up at special clinics.
Of 16,... | 6 |
6 | CD003656 | Intensive interventions, unsuited to primary care or population prevention programmes, provide only minimal reductions in blood pressure during long-term trials. Further evaluations to assess effects on morbidity and mortality outcomes are needed for populations as a whole and for patients with elevated blood pressure.... | 9,515,998 | Sodium reduction and weight loss in the treatment of hypertension in older persons: a randomized controlled trial of nonpharmacologic interventions in the elderly (TONE). TONE Collaborative Research Group. | Nonpharmacologic interventions are frequently recommended for treatment of hypertension in the elderly, but there is a paucity of evidence from randomized controlled trials in support of this recommendation.
To determine whether weight loss or reduced sodium intake is effective in the treatment of older... | 6 |
6 | CD003656 | Intensive interventions, unsuited to primary care or population prevention programmes, provide only minimal reductions in blood pressure during long-term trials. Further evaluations to assess effects on morbidity and mortality outcomes are needed for populations as a whole and for patients with elevated blood pressure.... | 9,080,920 | Effects of weight loss and sodium reduction intervention on blood pressure and hypertension incidence in overweight people with high-normal blood pressure. The Trials of Hypertension Prevention, phase II. The Trials of Hypertension Prevention Collaborative Research Group. | To provide a firmer basis for preventing high blood pressure (BP), we tested interventions to promote weight loss, dietary sodium reduction, and their combination for lowering diastolic BP, systolic BP, and the incidence of hypertension during a 3- to 4-year period.
We conducted a randomized, 2 x 2 fact... | 6 |
7 | CD004450 | We found no reason to change current treatment recommendations. However, considerable uncertainty continues to exist about the optimal schedule for desferrioxamine in people with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia. | 633,032 | Chelation therapy in beta-thalassemia major. I. Intravenous and subcutaneous deferoxamine. | null | 7 |
7 | CD004450 | We found no reason to change current treatment recommendations. However, considerable uncertainty continues to exist about the optimal schedule for desferrioxamine in people with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia. | 14,767,084 | Comparative efficacy of desferrioxamine, deferiprone and in combination on iron chelation in thalassemic children. | Ascertainment of an appropriate strategy of iron chelation for multi-transfused thalassemic children in developing countries.
Prospective study from May 2000 to April 2001.
Urban tertiary care center.
Thirty thalassemic children having received more than 20 blood transfus... | 7 |
7 | CD004450 | We found no reason to change current treatment recommendations. However, considerable uncertainty continues to exist about the optimal schedule for desferrioxamine in people with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia. | 12,064,916 | Deferiprone versus deferoxamine in patients with thalassemia major: a randomized clinical trial. | Deferiprone has been suggested as an effective oral chelation therapy for thalassemia major. To assess its clinical efficacy, we compared deferiprone with deferoxamine in a large multicenter randomized clinical trial. One-hundred forty-four consecutive patients with thalassemia major and serum ferritin between 1500 and... | 7 |
7 | CD004450 | We found no reason to change current treatment recommendations. However, considerable uncertainty continues to exist about the optimal schedule for desferrioxamine in people with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia. | 1,978,115 | Comparison of oral iron chelator L1 and desferrioxamine in iron-loaded patients. | The efficacy of the oral iron chelator 1,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypyrid-4-one (L1) was compared with that of subcutaneous desferrioxamine in 26 patients with transfusional iron overload. Immediately after red-cell transfusion, 20 patients were randomised to receive either desferrioxamine (50 mg/kg daily as a 12 h subcutaneo... | 7 |
7 | CD004450 | We found no reason to change current treatment recommendations. However, considerable uncertainty continues to exist about the optimal schedule for desferrioxamine in people with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia. | 9,003,855 | Evaluation of a new method of administration of the iron chelating agent deferoxamine. | We compared the effectiveness of deferoxamine administered by twice-daily subcutaneous injections with conventional administration by prolonged subcutaneous infusion in 20 patients with thalassemia. Urinary iron excretion was comparable with the two methods but decreased significantly when the total daily dose was admi... | 7 |
7 | CD004450 | We found no reason to change current treatment recommendations. However, considerable uncertainty continues to exist about the optimal schedule for desferrioxamine in people with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia. | 12,670,352 | Comparison between desferrioxamine and combined therapy with desferrioxamine and deferiprone in iron overloaded thalassaemia patients. | Desferrioxamine (DFX) alone (40-50 mg/kg/d s.c. over 8-12 h, five times weekly) was compared with combined DFX twice weekly and deferiprone (75 mg/kg/d) over 12 months in previously poorly chelated thalassaemia patients. Serum ferritin fell from 5506 +/- 635 microg/l (mean +/- SEM) to 3998 +/- 604 microg/l (P < 0.001; ... | 7 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 1,770,275 | A randomized prospective study on the effect of short and long buserelin treatment in women with repeated unsuccessful in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles due to inadequate ovarian response. | Fifty four women with repeated unsuccessful in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles due to inadequate ovarian response to stimulation with human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG) participated in this study. They were randomized to receive either gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GNRHa), Buserelin, prior to and during in... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 2,497,135 | Ovarian response and outcome of in-vitro fertilization in patients treated with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues in different phases of the menstrual cycle. | Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRH-a) are currently used in combination with gonadotrophins in ovarian stimulation for in-vitro fertilization (IVF). The present study evaluates follicular recruitment and outcome of IVF in patients treated with GnRH-a, starting in different phases of the menstrual cycle. Ov... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 1,555,693 | Prospective study of short and long regimens of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in in vitro fertilization program. | To assess the usefulness of a short regimen in ovulation induction in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) program.
A prospective randomized trial was set up to compare long and short regimens of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist administration for ovulation induction in IVF.
Aberdeen As... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 2,970,407 | Comparison between flare up and down regulation effects of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists in an in vitro fertilization program. | Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonists are being increasingly used in ovulation stimulation protocols in IVF programs. The results of two methods of utilization of LH-RH agonists are compared. In the long protocol, gonadotropin stimulation was commenced only after a preliminary period of pituitary desen... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 15,749,520 | Effect of halving the daily dose of triptorelin at the start of ovarian stimulation on hormone serum levels and the outcome of in vitro fertilization. | Halving the standard daily dose of triptorelin at the start of ovarian stimulation in down-regulated women stimulated with recombinant FSH is enough for pituitary suppression and was associated with higher LH serum concentrations in the follicular phase. However, this did not translate into higher serum concentrations ... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 8,612,858 | Midluteal buserelin is superior to early follicular phase buserelin in combined gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog and gonadotropin stimulation in in vitro fertilization. | To establish whether time to down-regulation and pregnancy and live birth rates were different when buserelin acetate was started in the midluteal phase or early follicular phase in IVF-ET patients.
Prospective, controlled, randomized, parallel-group multicenter clinical study.
Women att... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 11,425,821 | Effect of reduced dose of triptorelin at the start of ovarian stimulation on the outcome of IVF: a randomized study. | Partial pituitary desensitization using gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists may be sufficient in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for assisted reproduction. However, the minimal effective agonist dose remains to be determined. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a reduc... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 2,968,548 | [Systematic inhibition of the luteinizing hormone with a gonadoliberin analog, triptorelin, during ovarian stimulation for fertilization in vitro. Choice of protocol]. | The quality of ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization with or without an LH-RH analogue was investigated in a randomized trial involving 30 women divided into 3 groups. Group I women were treated with the conventional clomiphene citrate-human menopausal gonadotropin combination without LH-RH analogue. Group II ... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 1,426,320 | A prospective randomized comparison of luteal phase versus concurrent follicular phase initiation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist for in vitro fertilization. | To compare the effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) initiation either preceding or concurrent with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET).
Fifty-five patients were prospectively randomized to receive either G... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 11,056,121 | High doses of gonadotrophins combined with stop versus non-stop protocol of GnRH analogue administration in low responder IVF patients: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. | Recent evidence suggests that early cessation of gonadotrophin releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) administration may offer some benefit to low responder patients undergoing IVF. A prospective, randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate whether early cessation of GnRHa in an ovarian stimulation regimen is more... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 1,555,692 | The long protocol of administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist is superior to the short protocol for ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization. | To investigate whether pituitary desensitization with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a), buserelin acetate, before the administration of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) for ovarian stimulation in in vitro fertilization (IVF) is superior to the simultaneous administration of both hormones at the be... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 1,555,691 | The routine use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists for all patients undergoing in vitro fertilization. Is there any medical advantage? A prospective randomized study. | To determine if the routine use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-a) for all patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) produces any significant medical advantage.
Prospective randomized study.
Three hundred eight patients having their first ever IVF attempt.
... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 10,519,608 | Cessation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRH-a) upon down-regulation versus conventional long GnRH-a protocol in poor responders undergoing in vitro fertilization. | To determine whether a controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) regimen that involves GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) discontinuation before administration of gonadotropins would benefit poor responders.
A prospective, randomized controlled trial.
Hospital-based IVF Unit.
Sixty-th... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 2,491,990 | Hormonal changes induced by short-term administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist during ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization and their consequences for embryo development. | Several regimens have been developed to administer gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists in association with human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG) during follicular growth stimulation for in vitro fertilization. The aim of this study was to characterize hormonal changes induced by short-term administration of agonist,... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 2,127,604 | Comparison of ovarian stimulation regimens for in vitro fertilization (IVE) with and without a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist: results of a randomized study. | In order to diminish the cancellation rate due to a premature endogeneous LH surge and/or to a poor ovarian response and thus increasing the pregnancy rate, a GnRH agonist (Buserelin) was applied in patients starting their first ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins for IVF. All patients suffered from tubal infertilit... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 8,458,463 | Comparison of short 7-day and prolonged treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist desensitization for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. | To compare two treatment regimens associating a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) and human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH).
A prospective randomized trial.
The outpatient fertility clinic of a university tertiary care center, the... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 7,844,208 | A comparison between a standard and reduced dose of D-Trp-6-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone administered after pituitary suppression for in-vitro fertilization. | A randomized prospective study was undertaken to compare low and standard luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist (LHRHa) dosage used in combination with gonadotrophins in ovarian stimulation for in-vitro fertilization (IVF). A total of 42 ovulatory patients with mechanical infertility were administered 0.5 mg/da... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 7,749,431 | Is long-protocol gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist administration superior to the short protocol in ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization? | To compare the long and short protocols of gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) administration for ovarian stimulation.
University hospital.
90 patients on their first attempt at in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).
The results of two stimulatio... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 8,816,620 | A randomized prospective study of early follicular or midluteal initiation of long protocol gonadotropin-releasing hormone in an in vitro fertilization program. | To determine the optimum menstrual cycle time to initiate a long-protocol gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) down-regulation regimen before hMG stimulation before IVF.
Randomized, prospective, single, first cycle study.
University teaching hospital.
Eighty-si... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 10,783,343 | Consequences on gonadotrophin secretion of an early discontinuation of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist administration in short-term protocol for in-vitro fertilization. | Administration of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRHa) agonists, used in IVF short-term protocols to initiate follicular recruitment, may be restricted to the early follicular phase without any further risk of LH surge. However, consequences of an early discontinuation upon residual endogenous gonadotrophin secretio... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 12,749,425 | Prospective evaluation of two stimulation protocols for low responders who were undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer. | To compare two stimulation protocols designed for low responders undergoing IVF.
Randomized, prospective study.
University hospital IVF unit.
Sixty low responders who were recruited on the basis of results in previous cycles.
Modified flare protocol in whi... | 8 |
8 | CD006919 | The pregnancy rate was found to be higher when GnRHa was used in a long protocol as compared to a short or ultrashort protocol. There was no evidence of a difference in live birth rate, but this outcome was only reported by three studies. There was no evidence of a difference in the outcomes amongst various long protoc... | 2,143,145 | The comparison of early follicular and midluteal administration of long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. | Long-acting GnRH-a (D-Trp6 microcapsules, 3.2 mg) was intramuscularly injected, either in early follicular phase (group A) or midluteal phase (group B). Two hundred sixteen cycles were randomly allocated. Ovarian suppression was significantly more prompt in group B. Follicle cysts were diagnosed in 19% and 16% of group... | 8 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 15,096,078 | Combined dialectical behavior therapy and fluoxetine in the treatment of borderline personality disorder. | This study examines the therapeutic effect of fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, added to dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), an empirically supported psychosocial therapy, for the treatment of borderline personality disorder.
This is a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-contr... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 17,267,927 | Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in patients with recurrent self-harm. Single-centre double-blind randomised controlled trial. | Trials have demonstrated benefits of long-chain omega-3 essential fatty acid (n-3 EFA) supplementation in a variety of psychiatric disorders.
To assess the efficacy of n-3 EFAs in improving psychological well-being in patients with recurrent self-harm.
Patients (n=49) presenting after an... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 16,415,708 | Topiramate treatment for women with borderline personality disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. | Borderline personality disorder is a common and severe psychiatric illness. The goal of this study was to determine whether topiramate can influence patients' borderline psychopathology, health-related quality of life, and interpersonal problems. Women meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, ... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 7,040,351 | Response of borderline patients to loxapine and chlorpromazine. | null | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 19,636,254 | A preliminary study of lamotrigine in the treatment of affective instability in borderline personality disorder. | The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of lamotrigine in reducing affective instability in borderline personality disorder (BPD). We conducted a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 28 patients who met Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines and Diagnostic and Statistical Manua... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 2,768,542 | Amitriptyline versus haloperidol in borderlines: final outcomes and predictors of response. | The authors report the final results of a 4-year study of amitriptyline and haloperidol in 90 symptomatic borderline inpatients. Medication trials were double-blind and placebo controlled and lasted 5 weeks. Haloperidol (4-16 mg/day) produced significant improvement over placebo in global functioning, depression, hosti... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 12,019,669 | Divalproex sodium treatment of women with borderline personality disorder and bipolar II disorder: a double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study. | The intent of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of divalproex sodium and placebo in the treatment of women with borderline personality disorder and comorbid bipolar II disorder.
We conducted a placebo-controlled double-blind study of divalproex sodium in 30 female subjects aged 18 to 40 ... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 15,930,077 | Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of dialectical behavior therapy plus olanzapine for borderline personality disorder. | The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of dialectical behavior therapy plus olanzapine compared with dialectical behavior therapy plus placebo in patients with borderline personality disorder.
Sixty patients with borderline personality disorder were included in a 12-week, double-... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 15,737,664 | Treatment of aggression with topiramate in male borderline patients: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. | Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a complex mental disease associated with severe serious functional impairment, affective instability, and impulsive aggression. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of topiramate versus placebo in the treatment of aggression in men with borderline personality disord... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 18,251,623 | Ziprasidone in the treatment of borderline personality disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study. | The aim of this double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of ziprasidone in the treatment of adult patients with borderline personality disorder.
Sixty DSM-IV borderline personality disorder patients were included from March 2004 to April 2006 in a 12-week, sin... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 14,744,178 | Olanzapine versus placebo in the treatment of borderline personality disorder. | Atypical antipsychotics are increasingly used in clinical practice in the management of borderline personality disorder (BPD), and a small but growing body of literature supports their efficacy. Here, we report the results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of olanzapine as a treatment for BPD.
... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 8,489,326 | Efficacy of phenelzine and haloperidol in borderline personality disorder. | To compare the efficacy of a neuroleptic (haloperidol) to a monoamine oxidase inhibitor antidepressant (phenelzine sulfate) against the affective, cognitive, and impulsive-aggressive symptoms of criteria-defined borderline inpatients in an effort to dissect apart affective and schizotypal symptom patterns or subtypes u... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 12,505,817 | omega-3 Fatty acid treatment of women with borderline personality disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. | The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid (E-EPA) and placebo in the treatment of female subjects with borderline personality disorder.
The authors conducted an 8-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of E-EPA in 30 female subjects meeting Revised Diagno... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 11,775,043 | Olanzapine treatment of female borderline personality disorder patients: a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. | The intent of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of olanzapine versus placebo in the treatment of women meeting criteria for borderline personality disorder (BPD).
We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of olanzapine in 28 female subjects meeting Revised Diagnostic Intervie... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 15,291,677 | A preliminary, randomized trial of fluoxetine, olanzapine, and the olanzapine-fluoxetine combination in women with borderline personality disorder. | The intent of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of fluoxetine, olanzapine, or the olanzapine-fluoxetine combination (OFC) in the treatment of women meeting criteria for borderline personality disorder (without concurrent major depressive disorder).
We conducted a randomized double-blind ... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 7,714,224 | Effect of fluoxetine on anger in symptomatic volunteers with borderline personality disorder. | Clinical data and uncontrolled observations have suggested that fluoxetine is helpful in some patients with borderline personality disorder. This article describes the results of a 13-week double-blind study of volunteer subjects with mild to moderately severe borderline personality disorder. Thirteen fluoxetine recipi... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 3,521,531 | Borderline and schizotypal personality disorders treated with low-dose thiothixene vs placebo. | Fifty outpatients with borderline and/or schizotypal personality disorder were randomly allocated to thiothixene (Navane) or placebo treatment that was continued for 12 weeks. The mean daily dosage of thiothixene hydrochloride in the final week of the study was 8.7 mg, a lower dosage than is used in outpatient schizoph... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 11,305,707 | A preliminary double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of divalproex sodium in borderline personality disorder. | Borderline personality disorder is characterized by affective instability, impulsivity, and aggression and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Since anticonvulsant agents may be helpful in such symptomatology, we compared divalproex sodium with placebo in patients with borderline personality disord... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 16,648,324 | Aripiprazole in the treatment of patients with borderline personality disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. | Aripiprazole is a relatively new atypical antipsychotic agent that has been successfully employed in therapy for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders. A few neuroleptics have been used in therapy for patients with borderline personality disorder, which is associated with severe psychopathological symptoms. Aripi... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 15,888,514 | Lamotrigine treatment of aggression in female borderline-patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. | Anger and aggression are typical in borderline patients. The goal of this study was to compare the efficacy of lamotrigine versus placebo in the treatment of aggression in women meeting the criteria for borderline personality disorder (BPD). We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of lamotrigi... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 15,554,765 | Topiramate treatment of aggression in female borderline personality disorder patients: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. | The goal of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of topiramate versus placebo in the treatment of aggression in women who meet the criteria for borderline personality disorder.
We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of topiramate in 29 female subjects (response rate 93.5%) me... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 12,450,955 | SSRI treatment of borderline personality disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial for female patients with borderline personality disorder. | Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are recommended for treatment of affect lability, impulsivity, and aggression in patients with borderline personality disorder. This recommendation is based on positive findings in at least 10 open studies and one small double-blind study of SSRIs for patients with border... | 9 |
9 | CD005653 | The available evidence indicates some beneficial effects with second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilisers, and dietary supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids. However, these are mostly based on single study effect estimates. Antidepressants are not widely supported for BPD treatment, but may be helpful in the pr... | 7,894,258 | A trial of carbamazepine in borderline personality disorder. | Borderline personality disorder does not have a first choice pharmacological treatment. We studied 20 borderline inpatients in a double-blind parallel placebo-controlled trial with carbamazepine for a mean of 30.9 days. No significant positive effects of the drug were found. | 9 |
10 | CD002170 | In patients with stable COPD, pMDI produced similar outcomes to a dry powder device for delivering beta2-agonists, but the very small number of studies and included patients does not permit firm conclusions to be drawn. The soft mist device for ipratropium was more effective than a pMDI, but the data come from one smal... | 10,202,314 | Comparison of the bronchodilator effects of salbutamol delivered via a metered-dose inhaler with spacer, a dry-powder inhaler, and a jet nebulizer in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | The aim of this study was to compare the bronchodilator effects of salbutamol delivered via three different devices: a dry-powder inhaler (DPI), a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with a large-volume spacer and a jet nebulizer (NEB) in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Ten male patients with ... | 10 |
10 | CD002170 | In patients with stable COPD, pMDI produced similar outcomes to a dry powder device for delivering beta2-agonists, but the very small number of studies and included patients does not permit firm conclusions to be drawn. The soft mist device for ipratropium was more effective than a pMDI, but the data come from one smal... | 10,868,713 | Improved delivery of ipratropium bromide using Respimat (a new soft mist inhaler) compared with a conventional metered dose inhaler: cumulative dose response study in patients with COPD. | Respimat (RMT) is a reusable, propellant-free, soft mist inhaler (SMI), a novel device for inhalation therapy. We conducted a three-period cross-over study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cumulative doses of ipratropium bromide inhaled from RMT (Two dose levels) or from a pressurized metered dose inhaler (MDI), ... | 10 |
10 | CD002170 | In patients with stable COPD, pMDI produced similar outcomes to a dry powder device for delivering beta2-agonists, but the very small number of studies and included patients does not permit firm conclusions to be drawn. The soft mist device for ipratropium was more effective than a pMDI, but the data come from one smal... | 7,934,151 | Terbutaline in COPD comparison between Turbuhaler and chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) inhaler. | Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often subjectively benefit from inhaled beta 2-agonists in spite of little or no demonstrable effect in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1.0). A comparison between the effects of terbutaline administered via a dry powder inhaler (Turbuhaler) and via a c... | 10 |
11 | CD008686 | For most "red flags," there is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations regarding their diagnostic accuracy or usefulness for detecting spinal malignancy. The available evidence indicates that in patients with LBP, an indication of spinal malignancy should not be based on the results of one single "red flag" qu... | 12,887,953 | The diagnostic contribution of the frontal lumbar spine radiograph in community referred low back pain--a prospective study of 1030 patients. | The diagnostic contribution of the anteroposterior (AP) view was studied to assess whether this view could be omitted safely, thus reducing the radiation burden received by patients undergoing lumbar spine radiography.
Prospective analysis of 1030 consecutive referrals for lumbar spine radiography from ... | 11 |
11 | CD008686 | For most "red flags," there is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations regarding their diagnostic accuracy or usefulness for detecting spinal malignancy. The available evidence indicates that in patients with LBP, an indication of spinal malignancy should not be based on the results of one single "red flag" qu... | 2,521,444 | Selective criteria may increase lumbosacral spine roentgenogram use in acute low-back pain. | Eleven clinical criteria have been proposed to limit use of lumbosacral spine roentgenograms in patients with acute low-back pain who are at risk for vertebral cancer, osteomyelitis, acute fracture, or herniated disk. We retrospectively applied the criteria to 471 patients with acute low-back pain in three teaching hos... | 11 |
11 | CD008686 | For most "red flags," there is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations regarding their diagnostic accuracy or usefulness for detecting spinal malignancy. The available evidence indicates that in patients with LBP, an indication of spinal malignancy should not be based on the results of one single "red flag" qu... | 17,046,973 | Evaluating the accuracy of a simple heuristic to identify serious causes of low back pain. | Among patients presenting with low back pain (LBP), GPs have to identify those with serious, treatable conditions. However, excluding these conditions in every patient with LPB is time consuming and of low yield. We have suggested that identifying those patients where these serious conditions need to be considered can ... | 11 |
11 | CD008686 | For most "red flags," there is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations regarding their diagnostic accuracy or usefulness for detecting spinal malignancy. The available evidence indicates that in patients with LBP, an indication of spinal malignancy should not be based on the results of one single "red flag" qu... | 9,456,961 | Use of lumbosacral spine radiographs in a level II emergency department. | We studied indications for lumbosacral spine radiographs in an emergency department setting.
Clinicians completed a lumbosacral spine request form before obtaining lumbosacral radiographs on 482 patients who were examined in a level II emergency department. The clinicians detailed the indications for th... | 11 |
11 | CD008686 | For most "red flags," there is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations regarding their diagnostic accuracy or usefulness for detecting spinal malignancy. The available evidence indicates that in patients with LBP, an indication of spinal malignancy should not be based on the results of one single "red flag" qu... | 8,996,047 | Musculoskeletal pain as an indicator of occult malignancy. Yield of bone scintigraphy. | When musculoskeletal pain is persistent or out of proportion to clinical findings, diagnostic imaging is often used to evaluate for the presence of occult pathologic conditions.
To examine the efficacy of bone scintigraphy for identifying occult malignancy in such patients.
Bone scans of... | 11 |
11 | CD008686 | For most "red flags," there is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations regarding their diagnostic accuracy or usefulness for detecting spinal malignancy. The available evidence indicates that in patients with LBP, an indication of spinal malignancy should not be based on the results of one single "red flag" qu... | 19,790,051 | Prevalence of and screening for serious spinal pathology in patients presenting to primary care settings with acute low back pain. | To determine the prevalence of serious pathology in patients presenting to primary care settings with acute low back pain, and to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of recommended "red flag" screening questions.
An inception cohort of 1,172 consecutive patients receiving primary care for acute low back pa... | 11 |
11 | CD008686 | For most "red flags," there is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations regarding their diagnostic accuracy or usefulness for detecting spinal malignancy. The available evidence indicates that in patients with LBP, an indication of spinal malignancy should not be based on the results of one single "red flag" qu... | 2,967,893 | Cancer as a cause of back pain: frequency, clinical presentation, and diagnostic strategies. | Back pain is very common. Rarely, it may be the first manifestation of cancer. Although many advocate selective use of laboratory and x-ray tests for back pain patients, the early detection of cancer may be an important reason to obtain such tests. To develop a diagnostic approach that would identify malignancies while... | 11 |
11 | CD008686 | For most "red flags," there is insufficient evidence to provide recommendations regarding their diagnostic accuracy or usefulness for detecting spinal malignancy. The available evidence indicates that in patients with LBP, an indication of spinal malignancy should not be based on the results of one single "red flag" qu... | 2,945,915 | Lumbar spine films in primary care: current use and effects of selective ordering criteria. | Low back pain (LBP) often prompts radiography, although the diagnostic yield of lumbar spine films is low, and many radiographic abnormalities are unrelated to symptoms. Criteria have been proposed for selective x-ray use, but their value and safety are uncertain. To evaluate these criteria, the authors prospectively s... | 11 |
12 | CD006182 | Evidence from two RCTs suggests no significant benefits or harms of peritoneal drainage over laparotomy. However, due to the very small sample size, clinically significant differences may have easily been missed. No firm recommendations can be made for clinicians. Large multicentre randomised controlled trials are need... | 16,723,614 | Laparotomy versus peritoneal drainage for necrotizing enterocolitis and perforation. | Perforated necrotizing enterocolitis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in premature infants, and the optimal treatment is uncertain. We designed this multicenter randomized trial to compare outcomes of primary peritoneal drainage with laparotomy and bowel resection in preterm infants with perforated necrotizi... | 12 |
12 | CD006182 | Evidence from two RCTs suggests no significant benefits or harms of peritoneal drainage over laparotomy. However, due to the very small sample size, clinically significant differences may have easily been missed. No firm recommendations can be made for clinicians. Large multicentre randomised controlled trials are need... | 18,580,206 | Peritoneal drainage or laparotomy for neonatal bowel perforation? A randomized controlled trial. | To determine whether primary peritoneal drainage improves survival and outcome of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants with intestinal perforation.
Optimal surgical management of ELBW infants with intestinal perforation is unknown.
An international multicenter randomized controlled ... | 12 |
13 | CD007921 | There is some evidence that a vein cuff at the distal anastomosis site improves primary graft patency rates for below knee PTFE graft, but this does not reduce the risk of limb loss. Evidence for this beneficial effect of vein cuffed PTFE grafts is weak and based on an underpowered trial. Pre-cuffed PTFE grafts have co... | 20,236,841 | PTFE bypass to below-knee arteries: distal vein collar or not? A prospective randomised multicentre study. | Patency and limb salvage after synthetic bypass to the arteries below-knee are inferior to that which can be achieved with autologous vein. Use of a vein collar at the distal anastomosis has been suggested to improve patency and limb salvage, a problem that is analysed in this randomised clinical study.
... | 13 |
13 | CD007921 | There is some evidence that a vein cuff at the distal anastomosis site improves primary graft patency rates for below knee PTFE graft, but this does not reduce the risk of limb loss. Evidence for this beneficial effect of vein cuffed PTFE grafts is weak and based on an underpowered trial. Pre-cuffed PTFE grafts have co... | 15,253,256 | Multicenter randomized prospective trial comparing a pre-cuffed polytetrafluoroethylene graft to a vein cuffed polytetrafluoroethylene graft for infragenicular arterial bypass. | Poor patency of synthetic grafts for infragenicular revascularization has led to use of distal vein patches or cuffs. The aim of this study was to compare the distally widened Distaflo PTFE graft, which mimics a vein cuff, with a PTFE graft with distal vein modification. In this prospective, randomized, multicenter tri... | 13 |
13 | CD007921 | There is some evidence that a vein cuff at the distal anastomosis site improves primary graft patency rates for below knee PTFE graft, but this does not reduce the risk of limb loss. Evidence for this beneficial effect of vein cuffed PTFE grafts is weak and based on an underpowered trial. Pre-cuffed PTFE grafts have co... | 10,092,890 | Prospective randomised trial of distal arteriovenous fistula as an adjunct to femoro-infrapopliteal PTFE bypass. | To compare graft patency and limb salvage rate following femoro-infrapopliteal bypass using ePTFE grafts with and without the addition of adjuvant arterio-venous fistula.
A prospectively randomised controlled trial.
Patients referred to two teaching hospital vascular surgery units in the... | 13 |
13 | CD007921 | There is some evidence that a vein cuff at the distal anastomosis site improves primary graft patency rates for below knee PTFE graft, but this does not reduce the risk of limb loss. Evidence for this beneficial effect of vein cuffed PTFE grafts is weak and based on an underpowered trial. Pre-cuffed PTFE grafts have co... | 11,854,728 | Early results of a prospective randomized trial of spliced vein versus polytetrafluoroethylene graft with a distal vein cuff for limb-threatening ischemia. | Single-piece vein remains the conduit of choice in patients who need bypass grafting for limb salvage. When this option is not available, two of the remaining options are prosthetic bypass graft or several segments of vein spliced together. In this study, we compare spliced vein bypass grafting versus polytetrafluoroet... | 13 |
13 | CD007921 | There is some evidence that a vein cuff at the distal anastomosis site improves primary graft patency rates for below knee PTFE graft, but this does not reduce the risk of limb loss. Evidence for this beneficial effect of vein cuffed PTFE grafts is weak and based on an underpowered trial. Pre-cuffed PTFE grafts have co... | 9,357,453 | Randomized trial comparing infrainguinal polytetrafluoroethylene bypass grafting with and without vein interposition cuff at the distal anastomosis. The Joint Vascular Research Group. | A multicenter randomized prospective study was undertaken to determine whether an interposition vein cuff improved the short-term and medium-term patency and limb salvage rates of femoral-above-knee and femoral-below-knee popliteal artery polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) bypass procedures.
Two hundred six... | 13 |
13 | CD007921 | There is some evidence that a vein cuff at the distal anastomosis site improves primary graft patency rates for below knee PTFE graft, but this does not reduce the risk of limb loss. Evidence for this beneficial effect of vein cuffed PTFE grafts is weak and based on an underpowered trial. Pre-cuffed PTFE grafts have co... | 14,718,901 | Does an adjuvant AV-fistula improve the patency of a femorocrural PTFE bypass with distal vein cuff in critical leg ischaemia?--a prospective randomised multicentre trial. | A lack of suitable veins can cause serious problems when attempting to revascularise critically ischaemic legs. Prosthetic grafts have much worse patency in the femocrural position, despite the use of distal anastomotic cuffs. The use of adjuvant AV-fistula at the distal anastomosis should increase the graft flow above... | 13 |
14 | CD004439 | Limited evidence suggests that the method of antibiotic administration (oral versus parenteral) does not affect the rate of disease remission if the bacteria are sensitive to the antibiotic used. However, this and the lack of statistically significant differences in adverse effects need confirmation. No or insufficient... | 3,555,046 | Randomized trial of ciprofloxacin compared with other antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of osteomyelitis. | Thirty adults (mean age, 52 years) were enrolled in a randomized, comparative trial of oral ciprofloxacin (750 mg twice daily) and other antimicrobial therapies. Etiologic agents included Enterobacteriaceae (18 isolates), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16 isolates), and Staphylococcus aureus (four isolates). Seven of 14 (50 p... | 14 |
14 | CD004439 | Limited evidence suggests that the method of antibiotic administration (oral versus parenteral) does not affect the rate of disease remission if the bacteria are sensitive to the antibiotic used. However, this and the lack of statistically significant differences in adverse effects need confirmation. No or insufficient... | 2,183,710 | Oral ciprofloxacin compared with parenteral antibiotics in the treatment of osteomyelitis. | We undertook a prospective, randomized comparison of oral ciprofloxacin with standard parenteral therapies for the treatment of biopsy-proven osteomyelitis caused by susceptible organisms. Following surgical debridement, the ciprofloxacin patients received 750 mg twice a day, and the other patients received a broad-spe... | 14 |
14 | CD004439 | Limited evidence suggests that the method of antibiotic administration (oral versus parenteral) does not affect the rate of disease remission if the bacteria are sensitive to the antibiotic used. However, this and the lack of statistically significant differences in adverse effects need confirmation. No or insufficient... | 2,039,205 | Ofloxacin versus parenteral therapy for chronic osteomyelitis. | We conducted a randomized comparison of oral ofloxacin (400 mg twice a day) and parenteral agents (cefazolin, 1.0 g intravenously every 8 h, or ceftazidime, 2.0 g intravenously every 12 h) in biopsy-confirmed, nonprosthesis osteomyelitis. A total of 19 subjects received ofloxacin for an average of 8 weeks, and 14 recei... | 14 |
14 | CD004439 | Limited evidence suggests that the method of antibiotic administration (oral versus parenteral) does not affect the rate of disease remission if the bacteria are sensitive to the antibiotic used. However, this and the lack of statistically significant differences in adverse effects need confirmation. No or insufficient... | 2,295,657 | Oral ciprofloxacin compared with standard parenteral antibiotic therapy for chronic osteomyelitis in adults. | A group of fourteen patients who had chronic osteomyelitis and were treated with oral ciprofloxacin was compared with a group of twelve patients of similar age who had chronic osteomyelitis and received standard parenteral antibiotic therapy consisting of nafcillin, clindamycin, and gentamicin, singly or in combination... | 14 |
14 | CD004439 | Limited evidence suggests that the method of antibiotic administration (oral versus parenteral) does not affect the rate of disease remission if the bacteria are sensitive to the antibiotic used. However, this and the lack of statistically significant differences in adverse effects need confirmation. No or insufficient... | 3,526,570 | Chronic osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus: controlled clinical trial of nafcillin therapy and nafcillin-rifampin therapy. | A controlled trial of treatment of chronic osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus compared nafcillin alone with nafcillin plus rifampin for a six-week period. Treatment was well tolerated, the only adverse effect being mild neutropenia in four of 18 patients; no toxicity was observed from rifampin. Eight of ten ... | 14 |
14 | CD004439 | Limited evidence suggests that the method of antibiotic administration (oral versus parenteral) does not affect the rate of disease remission if the bacteria are sensitive to the antibiotic used. However, this and the lack of statistically significant differences in adverse effects need confirmation. No or insufficient... | 10,602,739 | Ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, or levofloxacin as treatment for chronic osteomyelitis. | The efficacy and safety of three oral fluoroquinolones (lomefloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin) for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis were analyzed. Twenty-seven patients had documented infections with quinolone-sensitive organisms and received either lomefloxacin, levofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin. Levofloxac... | 14 |
14 | CD004439 | Limited evidence suggests that the method of antibiotic administration (oral versus parenteral) does not affect the rate of disease remission if the bacteria are sensitive to the antibiotic used. However, this and the lack of statistically significant differences in adverse effects need confirmation. No or insufficient... | 3,524,419 | Randomized evaluation of ceftazidime or ticarcillin and tobramycin for the treatment of osteomyelitis caused by gram-negative bacilli. | Ceftazidime, a new cephalosporin with enhanced activity against aerobic gram-negative bacilli, was compared with tobramycin and ticarcillin in a randomized clinical trial. Efficacy and safety were evaluated in 18 patients (17 males, 1 female) with gram-negative osteomyelitis. All organisms were susceptible to the treat... | 14 |
14 | CD004439 | Limited evidence suggests that the method of antibiotic administration (oral versus parenteral) does not affect the rate of disease remission if the bacteria are sensitive to the antibiotic used. However, this and the lack of statistically significant differences in adverse effects need confirmation. No or insufficient... | 10,878,516 | Oral ofloxacin versus parenteral imipenem-cilastatin in the treatment of osteomyelitis. | We conducted a prospective, randomized, open-label trial, comparing oral ofloxacin with intravenous imipenem-cilastatin for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis in order to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance. Hospitalized patients with diagnosis of chronic osteomyelitis and isolation of susceptible organisms to oflo... | 14 |
15 | CD007775 | It is not possible to conclude about the use of any kind of pharmacologic therapies for maintenance treatment of opium dependence. | 14,698,800 | Twelve-month maintenance treatment of opium-dependent patients. | The goal of this study was to compare the effects of 1, 3 and 8 mg per day doses of buprenorphine in the maintenance treatment of opium-dependent subjects in Iran over a treatment period of 12 months. Participants were randomized to three equal groups (171 subjects per group) of opium-dependent individuals who met the ... | 15 |
15 | CD007775 | It is not possible to conclude about the use of any kind of pharmacologic therapies for maintenance treatment of opium dependence. | 14,624,703 | Baclofen for maintenance treatment of opioid dependence: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial [ISRCTN32121581]. | Results of preclinical studies suggest that the GABA(B) receptor agonist baclofen may be useful in treatment of opioid dependence. This study was aimed at assessing the possible efficacy of baclofen for maintenance treatment of opioid dependence.
A total of 40 opioid-dependent patients were detoxified a... | 15 |
16 | CD005485 | This review identified one small study at moderate to high risk of bias which provided no evidence to inform practice. More research is needed. | 11,933,280 | Randomised controlled trial of two pressure-relieving systems. | The primary objective of this randomised controlled trial was to determine whether there were significant differences between two pressure-relieving systems. A secondary aim was to investigate whether the availability of extra pressure-relieving equipment would reduce the incidence of ulcers in an acute hospital settin... | 16 |
17 | CD005515 | There is weak evidence that the interventions FR-4 with lip-seal training and palatal crib associated with high-pull chincup are able to correct anterior open bite. Given that the trials included have potential bias, these results must be viewed with caution. Recommendations for clinical practice cannot be made based o... | 2,086,265 | Anterior open bite treatment with magnets. | The aim of this study was to examine the effects of repelling magnets on the treatment of anterior open bite and compare them with the effects of acrylic posterior bite-blocks. Twenty patients, aged 9-16 years with skeletal anterior open bite, were randomly divided into two groups. In one group the patients wore poster... | 17 |
17 | CD005515 | There is weak evidence that the interventions FR-4 with lip-seal training and palatal crib associated with high-pull chincup are able to correct anterior open bite. Given that the trials included have potential bias, these results must be viewed with caution. Recommendations for clinical practice cannot be made based o... | 7,598,110 | The effects of Frankel's function regulator (FR-4) therapy on the treatment of Angle Class I skeletal anterior open bite malocclusion. | The present study attempts to evaluate cephalometrically the effects of Fränkel's function regulator (FR-4) appliance on the treatment of Angle Class I skeletal anterior open bite malocclusion. Forty Turkish children (26 girls and 14 boys), with Angle Class I skeletal anterior open bite, were randomly divided into two ... | 17 |
18 | CD003317 | Acupuncture appeared to be safe but without clear evidence of benefit. The number of patients is too small to be certain whether acupuncture is effective for treatment of acute ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke. Larger, methodologically-sound trials are required. | 8,232,703 | A randomized controlled trial on the treatment for acute partial ischemic stroke with acupuncture. | The effectiveness of acupuncture in acute stroke remains largely untested and unproved. A randomized, controlled trial was carried out to study the feasibility of acupuncture in combination with conventional supportive treatment for acute stroke patients. A total of 30 patients, aged 46-74, with the onset of symptoms w... | 18 |
18 | CD003317 | Acupuncture appeared to be safe but without clear evidence of benefit. The number of patients is too small to be certain whether acupuncture is effective for treatment of acute ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke. Larger, methodologically-sound trials are required. | 8,232,927 | Can sensory stimulation improve the functional outcome in stroke patients? | After obtaining informed consent, we randomized 78 patients with severe hemiparesis of the left or right side within 10 days of stroke onset: 40 to a control group receiving daily physiotherapy and occupational therapy, and 38 to a group that, in addition, we treated with sensory stimulation (acupuncture) twice a week ... | 18 |
18 | CD003317 | Acupuncture appeared to be safe but without clear evidence of benefit. The number of patients is too small to be certain whether acupuncture is effective for treatment of acute ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke. Larger, methodologically-sound trials are required. | 9,756,589 | Effects of acupuncture treatment on daily life activities and quality of life: a controlled, prospective, and randomized study of acute stroke patients. | BACKGROUND and
A number of studies have indicated that acupuncture might improve the functional recovery of stroke patients. These studies vary in inclusion criteria, sample size, and evaluation methods. The present study was designed to investigate whether electroacupuncture treatment favorably affects... | 18 |
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