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User:John D. Duncan/sandbox
JOHN D. DUNCAN (1960-present), author, writer, pastor, preacher, professor of Preaching, New Testament, Koine Greek, and biblical Studies
History: Duncan was born in Shreveport, La. on December 28, 1960. He grew up in Louisiana. Moved to Hurst, texas ar age eight. Graduated from L. D. Bell High School in Hurst, Texas (179); earned a Bachelor of Arts, ''SUMMA CUM LAUDE"' at Howard Payne University University in Brownwood, Texas(1982); Master of Divinity at Southwestern Baptist Theological in Fort Worth, Texas (1985); Doctor of Ministry from Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary in Fort Worth, Texas (1990).
Duncan graduated with a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the Open University in collaboration with the Kirby-Laing Institute for Christian Ethics at at Tyndale House in CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND. HIS PH. D. THESIS IS ENTITLED: OBLIGATION AS ETHICS:THE POWER OF ROMAN ofeile AS THE KEY TO CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN ROMANS 14:1-15:13.
Duncan pastored churches: Locker Baptist Church, San Saba, Texas (1980-1982); Trinity Baptist Church, Henderson, Texas (1985-1987); Lakeside Baptist Church, Granbury, Texas (1987-2007); First Baptist Church Georgetown, Texas (2007-2013).
Duncan has preached in texas, New York, Wyoming, and other pulpits in the United States.
Duncan is a gifted speaker, writer, and preacher.
Duncan is the author of the following books:
Sacred Space: The Art of Sacred Silence, Sacred Speech, and the Sacred Ear in the Echo of the Still Small Voice of God
Sacred Grit: Faith to Push through When You Feel Like Giving Up
Sacred Dung: Grace to Turn Bad Things into Good Things (based on Philippians 3:8) | WIKI |
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This chapter is from the book
Creating Functions
You can also create functions in Visual Basic .NET. They are just like Sub procedures except that they can return a value. You declare a function in much the same way as a Sub procedure, except that you use the Function keyword instead of Sub.
Let's look at an example. In this case, we'll create a function named Summer that calculates the sum of two integers and returns that sum; this project is named Functions in the code for the book. To create this new function, you use the Function keyword:
Module Module1
Sub Main()
End Sub
Function Summer(ByVal int1 As Integer, ByVal int2 As Integer) As Long
End Function
End Module
This example looks just like creating a Sub procedure, except for the Function keyword and the As Long at the end. The As Long part is there to indicate that this function returns a Long value. (Long is a better return value choice than Integer here because two integers could be passed to Summer such that their sum exceeds the capacity of the Integer data type.)
TIP
It's worth realizing that function names can use the same type prefixes that variable names use to indicate return type, such as intSummer.
You return a value from a function with the Return statement, as here, where the code is returning the sum of the two arguments passed to the function:
Module Module1
Sub Main()
End Sub
Function Summer(ByVal int1 As Integer, ByVal int2 As Integer) As Long
Return int1 + int2
End Function
End Module
Now when you call Summer with two integers, like Summer(2, 3), Visual Basic will treat that function call as an expression and replace it with the value returned by the function, which is 5 here. Listing 3.2 shows how this might look in code.
Listing 3.2 Returning Data from a Function (Functions project, Module1.vb)
Module Module1
Sub Main()
Dim intItem1 As Integer = 2
Dim intItem2 As Integer = 3
Console.WriteLine(intItem1 & " + " & _
intItem2 & " = " & Summer(intItem1, intItem2))
Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to continue...")
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub
Function Summer(ByVal int1 As Integer, ByVal int2 As Integer) As Long
Return int1 + int2
End Function
End Module
When you run this code, you see this result:
2 + 3 = 5
Press Enter to continue...
Function Syntax
Here's the formal syntax for functions; you use the Function statement:
[ <attrlist> ] [{ Overloads | Overrides | Overridable |
NotOverridable | MustOverride | Shadows | Shared }]
[{ Public | Protected | Friend | Protected Friend |
Private }] Function name[(arglist)] [ As type ]
[ Implements interface.definedname ]
[ statements ]
[ Exit Function ]
[ statements ]
End Function
The various parts of this statement are the same as for Sub procedures (see the previous topic) except for the As type clause, which specifies the type of the return value from the function. This clause indicates the data type of the value returned by the function. That type can be Boolean, Byte, Char, Date, Decimal, Double, Integer, Long, Object, Short, Single, or String, or the name of an enumeration, structure, class, or interface.
The Return statement, if there is one, sets the return value and exits the function; any number of Return statements can appear anywhere in the function, but as soon as one of them is executed, you return from the function to the calling code. You can also use the Exit Function statement to exit the function at any time. If you use Exit Function, how can you return a value from a function? You just assign that value to the function name itself, like this:
Function Summer(ByVal int1 As Integer, ByVal int2 As Integer) As Long
Summer = int1 + int2
Exit Function
.
.
.
End Function
If you use Exit Function without setting a return value, the function returns the default value appropriate to argtype. That's 0 for Byte, Char, Decimal, Double, Integer, Long, Short, and Single; Nothing for Object, String, and all arrays; False for Boolean; and 1/1/0001 12:00 AM for Date.
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hash(1)
NAME
hash, rehash, unhash, hashstat - evaluate the internal hash
table of the contents of directories
SYNOPSIS
/usr/bin/hash [utility]
/usr/bin/hash [-r]
sh
hash [-r] [name...]
csh
rehash
unhash
hashstat
ksh
hash [name...]
DESCRIPTION
/usr/bin/hash
The /usr/bin/hash utility affects the way the current shell
environment remembers the locations of utilities found.
Depending on the arguments specified, it adds utility loca-
tions to its list of remembered locations or it purges the
contents of the list. When no arguments are specified, it
reports on the contents of the list.
Utilities provided as built-ins to the shell are not
reported by hash.
sh
For each name, the location in the search path of the com-
mand specified by name is determined and remembered by the
shell. The -r option to the hash built-in causes the shell
to forget all remembered locations. If no arguments are
given, hash provides information about remembered commands.
The Hits column of output is the number of times a command
has been invoked by the shell process. The Cost column of
output is a measure of the work required to locate a command
in the search path. If a command is found in a "relative"
directory in the search path, after changing to that direc-
tory, the stored location of that command is recalculated.
Commands for which this will be done are indicated by an
asterisk (*) adjacent to the Hits information. Cost will be
incremented when the recalculation is done.
csh
rehash recomputes the internal hash table of the contents of
directories listed in the path environmental variable to
account for new commands added.
unhash disables the internal hash table.
hashstat prints a statistics line indicating how effective
the internal hash table has been at locating commands (and
avoiding execs). An exec is attempted for each component of
the path where the hash function indicates a possible hit
and in each component that does not begin with a '/'.
ksh
For each name, the location in the search path of the com-
mand specified by name is determined and remembered by the
shell. If no arguments are given, hash provides information
about remembered commands.
OPERANDS
The following operand is supported by hash:
utility
The name of a utility to be searched for and added to
the list of remembered locations.
OUTPUT
The standard output of hash is used when no arguments are
specified. Its format is unspecified, but includes the path-
name of each utility in the list of remembered locations for
the current shell environment. This list consists of those
utilities named in previous hash invocations that have been
invoked, and may contain those invoked and found through the
normal command search process.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
See environ(5) for descriptions of the following environment
variables that affect the execution of hash: LANG, LC_ALL,
LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES, and NLSPATH.
PATH Determine the location of utility.
EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned by hash:
0 Successful completion.
>0 An error occurred.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
butes:
____________________________________________________________
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
| Availability | SUNWcsu |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
| Interface Stability | Standard |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
SEE ALSO
csh(1), ksh(1), sh(1), attributes(5), environ(5), stan-
dards(5)
Man(1) output converted with man2html | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Empty Places
"Empty Places" is the 19th episode of the seventh and final season of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer. The episode aired on April 29, 2003 on UPN.
Plot
The citizens of Sunnydale flee en masse to escape the Hellmouth and Sunnydale becomes a ghost town. Buffy spots Clem in his car on his way out; he urges her to leaves town for this particular apocalypse.
Giles and Willow go to get information from the police on Caleb, with Willow using some mind control to convince the officer that they are with Interpol. Spike and Andrew leave to pursue a lead. They discover an engraving on a plaque that states that the power they are searching for is to be wielded by "her" alone. At the deserted school, Buffy is confronted by Caleb, who grabs her by the neck and throws her through a window into a wall, rendering her unconscious. After she awakens, Buffy returns home to discover that Faith has taken Dawn and the Potentials to The Bronze for a night of relaxation.
After they run into trouble with the police, who threaten to kill or injure Faith, and briefly hold Dawn and the Potentials' hostage at the Bronze, Buffy confronts the group, minus the absent Spike and Andrew, and demands that they make better choices, and reveals her plans for another attack. But at this point, the Potentials, as well as Dawn, Willow, Xander, Anya, Giles and Principal Wood, tell Buffy that they no longer trust her leadership. At Dawn's request, Buffy leaves the house and Faith reluctantly becomes the new leader.
Reception
In 2023, Rolling Stone, raked this episode as #136 out of the 144 episodes in honor of 20th anniversary of the show ending. | WIKI |
Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/Antarctica/B7
Before creating a new Wikipedia-article based on the information below, please read WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/Antarctica. Suggestions for improvement of these automatically generated texts can be done at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/Antarctica
Butler Summit
Butler Summit (-77.55°N, 161.1°W) is a peak rising to about 1000 m in the extreme west part of the Dais in Wright Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2004) after Rhett Butler of Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS); Program Manager for the Global Seismograph Network; United States Antarctic Program (USAP) investigator for the South Pole Station seismic observatory installed jointly by IRIS and United States Geological Survey (USGS).
Mount Butler
Mount Butler (-78.16667°N, -155.28333°W) is the southernmost peak of the Rockefeller Mountains, on Edward VII Peninsula in Marie Byrd Land. Discovered on January 27, 1929, by members of the Byrd Antarctic Expedition on an exploratory flight over this area. Named for Raymond Butler, member of the United States Antarctic Service (USAS) party which occupied the Rockefeller Mountains seismic station during November and December 1940.
Butson Ridge
Butson Ridge (-68.08333°N, -66.88333°W) is a rocky ridge with a number of ice-covered summits, the highest 1,305 m, forming the north wall of Northeast Glacier on the west coast of Graham Land. First surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under Rymill. Resurveyed in 1946-48 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) and named for Dr. Arthur R.C. Butson, FIDS medical officer at Stonington Island, who in July 1947 rescued a member of the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE) from a crevasse in Northeast Glacier.
Butter Point
Butter Point (-77.65°N, 164.23333°W) is a low point forming the south side of the entrance to New Harbor on the coast of Victoria Land. Discovered by the Discovery expedition (1901-04) under Scott. So named by them because the Ferrar Glacier party left a tin of butter here, in anticipation of obtaining fresh seal meat at this point on the return journey.
Butterfly Knoll
Butterfly Knoll (-80.33333°N, -28.15°W) is an one of the La Grange Nunataks, located 4.5 nautical miles (8 km) southwest of Mount Beney in the Shackleton Range. Photographed from the air by the U.S. Navy, 1967, and surveyed by British Antarctic Survey (BAS), 1968-71. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) from its resemblance in plan view to a butterfly.
Mount Butters
Mount Butters (-84.88333°N, -177.46667°W) is the snowcapped summit (2,440 m) of a buttress-type escarpment at the extreme southeast end of Anderson Heights, between Mincey Glacier on the south and Shackleton Glacier on the east. Discovered and photographed by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1946-47) on the flights of February 16, 1947, and named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Captain Raymond J. Butters, United States Marine Corps (USMC), navigator of Flight 8A.
Mount Butterworth
Mount Butterworth (-70.7°N, 66.75°W) is a mountain consisting of four peaks and a long, low ridge extending in an east-west direction, situated 5 nautical miles (9 km) south of Thomson Massif in the Aramis Range, Prince Charles Mountains. Plotted from ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) air photos taken in 1956 and 1960. Named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for G. Butterworth, radio officer at Wilkes Station in 1963 and at Mawson Station in 1966.
The Buttons
The Buttons (-65.23333°N, -64.26667°W) is a two small islands lying 0.2 nautical miles (0.4 km) northwest of Galindez Island in the Argentine Islands, Wilhelm Archipelago. Charted and named in 1935 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under Rymill.
Buttress Hill
Buttress Hill (-63.56667°N, -57.05°W) is a flat-topped hill, 690 m, with steep rock cliffs on the west side, standing 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) east of the most northern of the Seven Buttresses on Tabarin Peninsula in the northeast extremity of Antarctic Peninsula. Charted in 1946 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) and so named because of its proximity to the Seven Buttresses.
Buttress Nunatak
Buttress Nunatak (-78.01667°N, 161.21667°W) is a descriptive; has the appearance of a ridge leading to the summit.
Buttress Nunataks
Buttress Nunataks (-72.36667°N, -66.78333°W) is a group of prominent coastal rock exposures, the highest 635 m, lying close inland from George VI Sound and 10 nautical miles (18 km) west-northwest of the Seward Mountains, on the west coast of Palmer Land. First seen from a distance and roughly surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under Rymill. Visited and resurveyed in 1949 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), who gave this descriptive name.
Buttress Peak
Buttress Peak (-72.43333°N, 163.75°W) is a peak at the east end of the central ridge of Gallipoli Heights in the Freyberg Mountains. The descriptive name was suggested by P.J. Oliver, New Zealand Antarctic Research Program (NZARP) geologist who studied the peak, 1981-82.
Buttress Peak
Buttress Peak (-84.45°N, 164.26667°W) is a conical rock peak, 2,950 m, the eastern part of which projects as a rock buttress into the head of Berwick Glacier, standing 3 nautical miles (6 km) south of Mount Stonehouse in Queen Alexandra Range. The descriptive name was given by New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition (NZGSAE), 1961-62.
Buzfuz Rock
Buzfuz Rock (-65.46667°N, -65.88333°W) is a rock 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km) west of Snubbin Island in the Pitt Islands, northern Biscoe Islands. Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1971 after Sergeant Buzfuz, a character in Charles Dickens' Pickwick Papers.
Mount Byerly
Mount Byerly (-81.88333°N, -89.38333°W) is a major peak in the eastern part of the Nash Hills. It was positioned by the U.S. Ellsworth-Byrd Traverse Party on December 10, 1958, and named for Perry Byerly, chairman of the Technical Panel for Seismology and Gravity of the U.S. National Committee for the IGY, as set up by the National Academy of Sciences.
Byers Peninsula
Byers Peninsula (-62.63333°N, -61.08333°W) is a mainly ice-free peninsula forming the west end of Livingston Island, in the South Shetland Islands. Named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1958 for James Byers, a New York shipowner who tried unsuccessfully in August 1820 to induce the United States Government to found a settlement in and take possession of the South Shetland Islands. Byers organized and sent out a fleet of American sealers from New York to the South Shetland Islands in 1820-21.
Byewater Point
Byewater Point (-62.75°N, -61.5°W) is a point on the west side of Snow Island, in the South Shetland Islands. Charted and named Cape Byewater by the British expedition under Foster in 1829.
Bynon Hill
Bynon Hill (-62.91667°N, -60.6°W) is an ice-covered, dome-shaped hill with two rounded summits, 340 m, standing 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km) north of Pendulum Cove, Deception Island, in the South Shetland Islands. The name appears on an Argentine government chart of 1953.
Bynum Peak
Bynum Peak (-85.05°N, -173.68333°W) is a rock peak 3 nautical miles (6 km) southeast of Mount Finley, overlooking the north side of McGregor Glacier in the Queen Maud Mountains. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Gaither D. Bynum, United States Antarctic Research Program (USARP) satellite geodesist at McMurdo Station, winter 1965.
Byobu Rock
Byobu Rock (-68.36667°N, 42°W) is a large rock whose seaward face presents a crenulate or irregular shoreline, standing 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) east of Gobamme Rock on the coast of Queen Maud Land. Mapped from surveys and air photos by Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE), 1957-62, and named Byobu-iwa (folding screen rock).
Bypass Hill
Bypass Hill (-72.46667°N, 168.46667°W) is a hill, 660 m, situated on the ridge at the junction of Tucker and Trafalgar Glaciers in Victoria Land. Named by the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition (NZGSAE), 1957-58, who established a survey station at this point.
Bypass Nunatak
Bypass Nunatak (-68.01667°N, 62.46667°W) is a nunatak about 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) south of Mount Tritoppen in the David Range of the Framnes Mountains. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition (1936-37) and called Steinen (the stone). It was renamed by ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) because the feature marked the turning point in the route taken by the 1958 ANARE seismic party in order to bypass dangerous terrain to the southwest.
Byrd Camp
Byrd Camp (-80.08333°N, -119.53333°W) is a
Byrd Canyon
Byrd Canyon (-75.5°N, -157.25°W) is an undersea canyon named for Admiral Richard E. Byrd. Name found on GEBCO 5.18. Name approved 6/88 (ACUF 228).
Byrd Glacier
Byrd Glacier (-80.33333°N, 159°W) is a major glacier, about 85 nautical miles (160 km) long and 15 nautical miles (28 km) wide, draining an extensive area of the polar plateau and flowing eastward between the Britannia Range and Churchill Mountains to discharge into Ross Ice Shelf at Barne Inlet. Named by the New Zealand Antarctic Place-Names Committee (NZ-APC) after R. Admiral Richard E. Byrd, U.S. Navy, American Antarctic explorer.
Byrd Head
Byrd Head (-67.45°N, 61.01667°W) is a conspicuous, rocky headland on the coast 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) southeast of Colbeck Archipelago, just west of Howard Bay. Discovered in February 1931 by the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) under Mawson, who named it for R. Admiral Richard E. Byrd, USN.
Byrd Neve
Byrd Neve (-81°N, 154°W) is an immense neve at the head of Byrd Glacier. Named by the New Zealand Antarctic Place-Names Committee (NZ-APC) in association with Byrd Glacier.
Byrd Subglacial Basin
Byrd Subglacial Basin (-80°N, -115°W) is a major subglacial basin of West Antarctica, extending east-west between Crary Mountains and Ellsworth Mountains. It is bounded to the south by a low subglacial ridge which seperates this feature from Bentley Subglacial Trench. A rude delineation of this subglacial basin was determined by several U.S. seismic parties operating from Byrd, Little America V, and Ellsworth Stations during the 1950's and 1960's. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (1961) for its locus relative to Marie Byrd Land and Byrd Station. This revised description, excluding Bentley Subglacial Trench and smaller basins to the south of Flood Range and Ford Ranges, follow delineation of the region by the Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI)-National Science Foundation (NSF)-Technical University of Denmark (TUD) airborne radio echo sounding program, 1967-79.
Cape Byrd
Cape Byrd (-69.63333°N, -76.11667°W) is a low, ice-covered cape forming the northwest extremity of Charcot Island. First seen from the air and roughly mapped by Sir Hubert Wilkins on December 29, 1929, in a flight from the William Scoresby. Named by Wilkins for R. Admiral Richard E. Byrd, U.S. Navy, (1888-1957) noted American explorer and leader of five expeditions to Antarctica, 1928-57. Remapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in 1947 by Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1960.
Mount Byrd
Mount Byrd (-77.16667°N, -144.63333°W) is a mountain (810 m) located 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) north of the east end of Asman Ridge in the Sarnoff Mountains, Ford Ranges, Marie Byrd Land. Mapped by the United States Antarctic Service (USAS) (1939-41) led by R. Admiral Richard E. Byrd. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Richard E. Byrd, Jr., son of Admiral Byrd and a member of Operation Highjump (1946-47), who was of assistance to US-ACAN in clarifying a large number of name suggestions put forth by his father.
Byrdbreen
Byrdbreen (-71.75°N, 26°W) is the largest glacier, about 40 nautical miles (70 km) long and 11 nautical miles (20 km) wide, flowing northwest between Mount Bergersen and Balchen Mountain in the Sor Rondane Mountains. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers in 1957 from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946-47, and named for R. Admiral Richard E. Byrd, U.S. Navy, commander of U.S. Navy Operation Highjump.
Bystander Nunatak
Bystander Nunatak (-71.33333°N, 159.66667°W) is a nunatak (2,435 m) lying 5 nautical miles (9 km) southwest of Forsythe Bluff, on the west side of Daniels Range in the Usarp Mountains. The name applied by the northern party of New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition (NZGSAE), 1963-64, is suggestive of the aspect of this relatively isolated feature.
Bystrov Rock
Bystrov Rock (-71.78333°N, 12.58333°W) is a prominent rock lying 1 nautical mile (1.9 km) south-southeast of Isdalsegga Ridge in Sudliche Petermann Range, Wohlthat Mountains. Mapped from air photos and surveys by Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1956-60; remapped by Soviet Antarctic Expedition, 1960-61, and named after Soviet paleontologist A.P. Bystrov.
Byvagasane Peaks
Byvagasane Peaks (-69.41667°N, 39.8°W) is a three low aligned rock peaks which surmount the east shore of Byvagen Bay on the east side of Lutzow-Holm Bay. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936-37 and named Byvagasane (the town bay peaks) in association with Byvagen Bay.
Byvagen Bay
Byvagen Bay (-69.41667°N, 39.71667°W) is a small bay indenting the east shore of Lutzow-Holm Bay between Skarvsnes Foreland and Byvagasane Peaks. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936-37, and named Byvagen (the town bay).
Byway Glacier
Byway Glacier (-66.5°N, -65.2°W) is a northern tributary of Erskine Glacier, flowing west from Slessor Peak in Graham Land. Photographed by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd. in 1955-57, and mapped from these photos by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS). So named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1958 because the sledging route up this glacier is not as good as that along the main route up Erskine Glacier. | WIKI |
Page:Frank Packard - Greater Love Hath No Man.djvu/308
A smile, gently satirical, played over Varge's lips and crept into his eyes, as he looked at the doctor.
"Did the governor specify that, too—that I must give my reasons?" he asked dryly.
Doctor Kreelmar's face puckered up instantly, ferociously.
"Confound you!" he snapped. "Sometimes I'd like to wring your confounded neck!—and sometimes—hum!—I wouldn't! Well, well go at once, this afternoon; and if the warden says so, I'll drive you over in my buggy."
Without waiting for any reply. Doctor Kreelmar strode out of the laboratory and down the corridor. A guard opened the steel gates for him and he passed through into the entrance hallway beyond, and turned into the warden's office.
"He'll go!" he announced tersely, halting before the warden's desk; then, with a glance toward Stall, the clerk: "Better give him some ordinary clothes to wear, hadn't you? There's no use making him conspicuous over there in the town or in front of her—what?"
"Yes," said Warden Rand. "Stall, get what's necessary." He waited until the clerk had gone out of the room, then he looked searchingly at the doctor. "I didn't think he'd be willing to go," he said suggestively.
"Nor I," said Doctor Kreelmar.
"Did you tell him Mrs. Merton was dying?" "No—that she was very ill."
"Did he ask why she wanted to see him?"
"No," replied the doctor; "and I didn't tell him. He just looked out of the window for a moment with his back turned to me after I told him she wanted to see | WIKI |
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ge
Etymology 1
Comparable to,.
Suffix
* 1) Forms deverbal nouns.
Etymology 2
Comparable to and and.
Suffix
* 1) Forms denominal nouns, usually used for animals and plants. | WIKI |
There Ain't No Justice (novel)
There Ain't No Justice is sports novel by the British writer James Curtis first published in 1937 by Jonathan Cape. The novel was republished in 2014 by London Books as the tenth title in its London Classics series with a contemporary introduction by Martin Knight.
Blurb
"A large collection of local thugs, bullies, loafers, and ordinary working people are all vividly portrayed against a background of tenements, saloons, and boxing clubs."
Synopsis
A promising young boxer, Tommy Mutch, is convinced to turn professional and becomes involved with a successful promoter Sammy Sanders. At first Mutch enjoys a string of victories but is horrified when he discovers that Sanders wants him to take a dive in his next fight. He refuses to co-operate and retires from fighting, but when his sister urgently needs money, Mutch is forced to go back into the ring for a final time.
Film adaptation
In 1939 the novel was adapted into a film made by Ealing Studios. It was the directorial debut of Pen Tennyson and stars Jimmy Hanley and Edward Chapman. The screenplay was partly written by Curtis, adapting his own novel. | WIKI |
Are You a Machine Learning Genius? Take This Quiz to Find Out!
Voldfm54Rev.2
514
Are You a Machine Learning Genius? Take This Quiz to Find Out!
Welcome to our Machine Learning quiz! Machine Learning is a rapidly growing field that involves the use of algorithms and statistical models to enable computers to learn from data and make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed. This quiz will test your knowledge of the basic concepts and techniques used in Machine Learning. So, get ready to put your skills to the test and see how much you know about this exciting field!
What is the definition of machine learning?
A type of artificial intelligence that involves training algorithms to recognize patterns in data.
A programming language used for web development.
An operating system used for scientific computing.
A database management system for large-scale data processing.
What is the goal of machine learning?
To enable machines to think and learn like humans.
To automate repetitive tasks.
To make machines faster and more efficient.
To create new programming languages.
What are the three types of machine learning?
Supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement.
Syntax, semantics, and pragmatics.
Static, dynamic, and evolutionary.
Structured, unstructured, and semi-structured.
What is supervised learning?
A type of machine learning where the algorithm is trained on labeled data.
3A type of machine learning where the algorithm is trained on unlabeled data.
4A type of machine learning where the algorithm learns through trial and error.
5A type of machine learning where the algorithm is trained on both labeled and unlabeled data.
What is unsupervised learning?
A type of machine learning where the algorithm is trained on labeled data.
A type of machine learning where the algorithm is trained on unlabeled data.
A type of machine learning where the algorithm learns through trial and error.
A type of machine learning where the algorithm is trained on both labeled and unlabeled data.
What is reinforcement learning?
A type of machine learning where the algorithm is trained on labeled data.
A type of machine learning where the algorithm is trained on unlabeled data.
A type of machine learning where the algorithm is trained on both labeled and unlabeled data.
A type of machine learning where the algorithm learns through trial and error.
What is the difference between supervised and unsupervised learning?
Supervised learning requires labeled data, while unsupervised learning does not.
Supervised learning requires unlabeled data, while unsupervised learning does not.
Supervised learning uses trial and error, while unsupervised learning does not.
There is no difference between supervised and unsupervised learning.
What is overfitting in machine learning?
When a model is too complex and fits the training data too closely, resulting in poor performance on new data.
When a model is too simple and does not fit the training data closely enough, resulting in poor performance on new data.
When a model is able to generalize well to new data.
When a model is not able to learn from new data.
Very impressive!
Congratulations on passing the Machine Learning quiz! Your hard work and dedication have paid off, and you should be proud of your achievement. Keep up the great work and continue to learn and grow in this exciting field. Well done!
There is still room for improvement!
It's okay if you didn't do as well as you hoped on this quiz. It's important to remember that everyone has room for improvement and it's a great opportunity to learn something new. Take some time to study the material and try again. With practice and dedication, you'll be able to do better next time. Don't give up!
What is the definition of machine learning?
1 / 8
What is the goal of machine learning?
2 / 8
What are the three types of machine learning?
3 / 8
What is supervised learning?
4 / 8
What is unsupervised learning?
5 / 8
What is reinforcement learning?
6 / 8
What is the difference between supervised and unsupervised learning?
7 / 8
What is overfitting in machine learning?
8 / 8
Calculating results...
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Page:Jardine Naturalist's library Entomology.djvu/170
164 that insect is permeated by 1804 aëriferous tubes large enough to be visible, and it is probable that an equal number exist so small as to elude the sight, even when assisted by the most powerful glasses. "Surprising as this number may appear, it is not greater than we may readily conceive to be necessary for communicating with so many different parts; for, like the arterial and venous trees which convey and return the blood to and from every part of the body in vertebrate animals, the bronchiæ, (that is, the smaller ramifications of the tracheæ,) are not only carried along the intestines and spinal marrow, each ganglion of which they penetrate and fill, but they are distributed also to the skin and every organ of the body, entering and traversing the legs and wings, the eyes, the antennæ, and palpi, and accompanying the most minute nerves through their whole course. How essential to the existence of the animal must the element be that is thus anxiously conveyed, by a thousand channels so exquisitely formed, to every minute part and portion of it! Upon considering this wonderful apparatus, we may well exclaim. This hath wrought, and this is the work of his hands." Adipose tissue, and Secretions. Although the former of these is not in immediate connection with any one organ more than another, but fills the splachnic cavity wherever it is not occupied by other substances; yet it so far bears a relation to the function of digestion and the nutritive organs, that it | WIKI |
FAQs
Ask a Question
What is the difference between the HMIS5T and the HMISTU655 or HMISTU855?
Issue: The part numbers of the HMISTU series are not self explanatory.
Product Line: HMISTU series
Resolution: Here is a better description of what the HMISTU part numbers consist of.
The HMISTU655 consists of the HMIS5T back module + the HMIS65 (3.5" color screen)
The HMISTU855 consists of the HMIS5T back module+ the HMIS85 (5.7" color screen)
The Screen and back modules can be purchased seperately or together.
The HMIS5T back module has 64MB of DRAM and 32MB of application flash. This is twice the amount of memory from the first generation of HMISTU.
HMIS5T back module requires Vijeo Designer V6.0 SP3 to select the HMIS5T in the configuration. Note that all HMIS5T's manufactured after November 2018 will require Vijeo Designer V6.2 SP7. There will be a label on the rear moduel indicating this.
In Vijeo Designer, always select the correct target type as listed on the label of the rear module. Do not use the target type model HMISTU655 or HMISTU855 unless your label indicates that.
The suffix s in HMISTU655s and HMISTU855s indicates that the Vijeo Designer Limited disk is included with the package. No software registration is needed for the HMISTU.
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Latin/How to study a language on the Internet and in your head
How do you think about languages as you study them? Typically, you will consider every punctuation mark and letter, all the verbs and nouns, adverbs and adjectives, and study them in order to make connections. Ideally, you will have a teacher to point you in the right direction, and help you make those connections. But when you have no teacher, those connections are left for you to discover. They may be clear or hidden, but either way you will have to make them yourself. As you explore this Wikibook, it will require the skill of critical thinking.
You can never go wrong studying a language if you remember that exposing yourself to a language, even if you stumble in practice, is itself learning it. Looking things up too much can sometimes impede progress. Stretch your memory, read slowly, and re-read. As you will soon discover, you are about to study a language that is rich and full of meaning, the ancestor of the Romance languages, such as Spanish, French, Portuguese, Italian, and Romanian, and an outsized influence on many other languages besides, including English.
So do not assume that...
...Latin is like any other language. Do not assume ancient Roman culture is entirely unlike other cultures, however. The Romans grappled with issues that are universally dealt with.
We, the authors, endorse memorization, and after that, immersion. You must develop Latin muscles, and a willingness to write or type things out, or drill using software, or with a friend. Note the patterns after you have memorized the forms, not before. Allow yourself to be mesmerized by them. Similarly, seek out explanation only after you have memorized forms. Memorize forms, then make sentences, then use your knowledge to speak or to write the language. | WIKI |
MRN complex
The MRN complex (MRX complex in yeast) is a protein complex consisting of Mre11, Rad50 and Nbs1 (also known as Nibrin in humans and as Xrs2 in yeast). In eukaryotes, the MRN/X complex plays an important role in the initial processing of double-strand DNA breaks prior to repair by homologous recombination or non-homologous end joining. The MRN complex binds avidly to double-strand breaks both in vitro and in vivo and may serve to tether broken ends prior to repair by non-homologous end joining or to initiate DNA end resection prior to repair by homologous recombination. The MRN complex also participates in activating the checkpoint kinase ATM in response to DNA damage. Production of short single-strand oligonucleotides by Mre11 endonuclease activity has been implicated in ATM activation by the MRN complex.
Evolutionary ancestry and biologic function
The MRN complex has been mainly studied in eukaryotes. However, recent work shows that two of the three protein components of this complex, Mre11 and Rad50, are also conserved in extant prokaryotic archaea. This finding suggests that key components of the eukaryotic MRN complex are derived by evolutionary descent from the archaea. In the archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, the Mre11 protein interacts with the Rad50 protein and appears to have an active role in the repair of DNA damages experimentally introduced by gamma radiation. Similarly, during meiosis in the eukaryotic protist Tetrahymena Mre11 is required for repair of DNA damages, in this case double-strand breaks, by a process that likely involves homologous recombination.
Repair of double-strand DNA breaks
In eukaryotes, the MRN complex (through cooperation of its subunits) has been identified as a crucial player in many stages of the repair process of double-strand DNA breaks: initial detection of a lesion, halting of the cell cycle to allow for repair, selection of a specific repair pathway (i.e., via homologous recombination or non-homologous end joining) and providing mechanisms for initiating reconstruction of the DNA molecule (primarily via spatial juxtaposition of the ends of broken chromosomes). Initial detection is thought to be controlled by both Nbs1 and MRE11. Likewise, cell cycle checkpoint regulation is ultimately controlled by phosphorylation activity of the ATM kinase, which is pathway dependent on both Nbs1 and MRE11. MRE11 alone is known to contribute to repair pathway selection, while MRE11 and Rad50 work together to spatially align DNA molecules: Rad50 tethers two linear DNA molecules together while MRE11 fine-tunes the alignment by binding to the ends of the broken chromosomes.
Telomere maintenance
Telomeres maintain the integrity of the ends of linear chromosomes during replication and protect them from being recognized as double-strand breaks by the DNA repair machinery. MRN participates in telomere maintenance primarily via association with the TERF2 protein of the shelterin complex. Additional studies have suggested that Nbs1 is a necessary component protein for telomere elongation by telomerase. Additionally, knockdown of MRN has been shown to significantly reduce the length of the G-overhang at human telomere ends, which could inhibit the proper formation of the so-called T-loop, destabilizing the telomere as a whole. Telomere lengthening in cancer cells by the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) mechanism has also been shown to be dependent on MRN, especially on the Nbs1 subunit. Taken together, these studies suggest MRN plays a crucial role in maintenance of both length and integrity of telomeres.
Role in human disease
Mutations in MRE11 have been identified in patients with an ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder (ATLD). Mutations in RAD50 have been linked to a Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome-like disorder (NBSLD). Mutations in the NBN gene, encoding the human Nbs1 subunit of the MRN complex, are causal for Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome. All three disorders belong to a group of chromosomal instability syndromes that are associated with impaired DNA damage response and increased cellular sensitivity to ionising radiation.
Role in human cancer
The MRN complex's roles in cancer development are as varied as its biological functions. Double-strand DNA breaks, which it monitors and signals for repair, may themselves be the cause of carcinogenic genetic alteration, suggesting MRN provides a protective effect during normal cell homeostasis. However, upregulation of MRN complex sub-units has been documented in certain cancer cell lines when compared to non-malignant somatic cells, suggesting some cancer cells have developed a reliance on MRN overexpression. Since tumor cells have increased mitotic rates compared to non-malignant cells this is not entirely unexpected, as it is plausible that an increased rate of DNA replication necessitates higher nuclear levels of the MRN complex. However, there is mounting evidence that MRN is itself a component of carcinogenesis, metastasis and overall cancer aggression.
Tumorigenesis
In mice models, mutations in the Nbs1 subunit of MRN alone (producing the phenotypic analog of Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome in humans) have failed to produce tumorigenesis. However, double knockout mice with mutated Nbs1 which were also null of the p53 tumor suppressor gene displayed tumor onset significantly earlier than their p53 wildtype controls. This implies that Nbs1 mutations are themselves sufficient for tumorigenesis; a lack of malignancy in the control seems attributable to the activity of p53, not of the benignity of Nbs1 mutations. Extension studies have confirmed an increase in B and T-cell lymphomas in Nbs1-mutated mice in conjunction with p53 suppression, indicating potential p53 inactivation in lymphomagenesis, which occurs more often in NBS patients. Knockdown of MRE11 in various human cancer cell lines has also been associated with a 3-fold increase in the level of p16INK4a tumor suppressor protein, which is capable of inducing cellular senescence and subsequently halting tumor cell proliferation. This is thought primarily to be the result of methylation of the p16INK4 promotor gene by MRE11. These data suggest maintaining the integrity and normal expression levels of MRN provides a protective effect against tumorigenesis.
Metastasis
Suppression of MRE11 expression in genetically engineered human breast (MCF7) and bone (U2OS) cancer cell lines has resulted in decreased migratory capacity of these cells, indicating MRN may facilitate metastatic spread of cancer. Decreased expression of MMP-2 and MMP-3 matrix metalloproteinases, which are known to facilitate invasion and metastasis, occurred concomitantly in these MRE11 knockdown cells. Similarly, overexpression of Nbs1 in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) samples has been shown to induce epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), which itself plays a critical role in cancer metastasis. In this same study, Nbs1 levels were significantly higher in secondary tumor samples than in samples from the primary tumor, providing evidence of a positive correlation between metastatic spread of tumor cells and levels of MRN expression. Taken together, these data suggest at least two of the three subunits of MRN play a role in mediating tumor metastasis, likely via an association between overexpressed MRN and both endogenous (EMT transition) and exogenous (ECM structure) cell migratory mechanisms.
Aggression
Cancer cells almost universally possess upregulated telomere maintenance mechanisms which allows for their limitless replicative potential. The MRN complex's biological role in telomere maintenance has prompted research linking MRN to cancer cell immortality. In human HNSCC cell lines, disruption of the Nbs1 gene (which downregulates expression of the entire MRN complex), has resulted in reduced telomere length and persistent lethal DNA damage in these cells. When combined with treatment of PARP (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase) inhibitor (known as PARPi), these cells showed an even greater reduction in telomere length, arresting tumor cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo via mouse models grafted with various HNSCC cell lines. While treatment with PARPi alone has been known to induce apoptosis in BRCA mutated cancer cell lines, this study shows that MRN downregulation can sensitize BRCA-proficient cells (those not possessing BRCA mutations) to treatment with PARPi, offering an alternative way to control tumor aggression.
The MRN complex has also been implicated in several pathways contributing to the insensitivity of cancer stem cells to the DNA damaging effects of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which is a source of overall tumor aggression. Specifically, the MRN inhibitor Mirin (inhibiting MRE11) has been shown to disrupt the ability of ATM kinase to control the G2-M DNA damage checkpoint, which is required for repair of double-strand DNA breaks. The loss of this checkpoint strips cancer stem cells' ability to repair lethal genetic lesions, making them vulnerable to DNA damaging therapeutic agents. Likewise, overexpression of Nbs1 in HNSCC cells has been correlated with increased activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, which itself has been shown to contribute to tumor aggression by reducing apoptosis. Overall, cancer cells appear to rely on MRN's signaling and repair capabilities in response to DNA damage in order to achieve resistance to modern chemo- and radiation therapies. | WIKI |
Jerry James Stone
Jerry James Stone is an American food blogger, vegetarian chef, activist, and internet personality, known for simple gourmet recipes, advocacy for a sustainable food and wine movement, and as a social media personality. In 2015, a Sierra Club magazine article named him one of nine chefs changing the world.
In 2012, Stone won a Shorty Award in the “Green” category (for which he was nominated by Green Festivals ), and joined the advisory board of SXSW for their festival's environmental conference, SXSW Eco. Stone's career began as a computer engineer at the U.S. Department of Defense. His early engagement in the technology industry and environmental movement led him to blog for the Discovery Channel. He attracted enough interest that YouTube approached him to start a channel, Cooking Stoned. The channel was later renamed to Jerry James Stone. Prior to focusing on the sustainable food movement, he contributed to The Atlantic, Discovery Channel's Tree Hugger and Animal Planet, and MAKE Magazine. In 2014, Jerry started the Three Loaves project for organizing home cooks to help feed the homeless in their community. He has developed recipes for Whole Foods Market, Costco, and Cline Cellars. His recipes have also been featured by the Today Show and People Magazine. He was written about in Forbes in 2020. As of 2015, he has more than 600,000 social media followers. | WIKI |
Wednesday Wellness – Gimme Some Sugar, Baby
By Stevi Dinizio
Sugar, a widespread and all-around favorite food, also happens to be one of the most common food additives we consume each day. what would ice cream, Hershey kisses, and donuts be without this simple and significant ingredient? Frozen milk, bitter little tear-shaped objects, and deep fried dough. Not likely as enjoyable or as wildly popular.
gimme some sugar, baby
gimme some sugar, baby
Something most of us may not realize is how often sugar is added to our foods that don’t even have to taste “sweet”. As a part of living a well, whole life we should be aware of what we are putting in our bodies everyday and how it can effect us. Here are some facts, pros, and cons of sugar to help you make an informed decision on how you approach everyday eating.
First off, sugar can produce a variety of negative effects on the body, with very few positive ones to counteract. On the outside of our bodies, sugar can cause skin problems, such as break-outs and irritation, as well as hinder blood flow which causes skin to dry and appear aged. What we don’t see going on inside our bodies, but will feel the effects of, are the diseases and stresses sugar is linked to. Sugar can leach vitamins and minerals such as calcium, which makes our teeth decay and our bones weaker, and potassium and magnesium, which are imperative to our cardiac health. Sugar is even linked to pesky or things like insomnia, headaches, obesity, and allergies.
In addition, sugar is considered to have those “empty calories” we hear about, meaning it has no nutritional value and we do not need food with added sugar. Studies have shown that it is better to have nothing than to have sugar. Now that’s saying something!
Oftentimes, lines can be drawn between sugar and high fructose corn syrup. Some nutritionists would say the body processes sugar more easily because it is natural and high fructose corn syrup is processed. However, other nutritionists believe sugar has little benefit over high fructose corn syrup therefore making neither a preferable food additive.
The secret is not to eliminate sugar all together… just to understand, respect it, and control your personal intake.
mmmm... high fructose corn syrup
mmmm… high fructose corn syrup | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
OK, I have an idea of what I might do:
I'm planning on making a Event handling system, and this is how I will connect events to functions and be able to send any type of data. This is the basic idea:
#include <iostream>
template <class T> T *from(void *data)
{
return (T *)data;
}
template <class T> void *to(T data)
{
return (void *)data;
}
void foo(void *data)
{
const char *test = from <const char> (data);
std::cout << test << std::endl;
}
void call_function(void *data, void(*function)(void*))
{
function(data);
}
int main()
{
const char *test = "Hello";
call_function(to <const char *> (test), foo);
std::cin.get();
return 0;
}
This works just fine, but is it really a viable option in practise?
It seems a bit too convoluted. There is a standard (now) method for doing this. See this example using Boost.Bind and Boost.Function. Both of these libraries are now part of the standard (C++11) in the <functional> header.
You can basically implement your example like this:
#include <iostream>
#include <functional>
#include <string>
void foo(const std::string& data)
{
std::cout << data << std::endl;
}
void call_function(std::function< void() > f)
{
f();
}
int main()
{
std::string test = "Hello";
call_function( std::bind(foo, std::cref(test)) );
std::cin.get();
return 0;
}
Simple, hey?
OK, I did not know about that thanks. However, I would like to keep it backwards compatible for now. And I'd rather not use Boost. I know I'm probably reinventing the wheel here, but I sometimes like (just for the challenge/experience really) to create my own methods/functions as much as I can.
So, with that in consideration, do you think there is a better method that is compatible with C++11 and previous versions?
I haven't been programming C++ long, so I'm trying to get my experience level up, and I won't do that by using premade tools that do the job for me. I've just finished school now, so I want to get going with some of the more complex sides of C++ before I begin college.
Thanks for the comments/suggestions, I will keep this in mind for future reference.
Caelan.
Alright, for the sake of do-it-yourself experience, we can discuss how you could do it.
The central issue here is something called "type erasure". This is something you encounter for time to time in C++. It's not always possible but often useful. The Boost.Function library (and the standard std::function template) do type erasure on function objects (or function pointers).
BTW, your solution, using the void*, is what people would call a "poor man's type erasure technique". It is very often used in C (or C-style C++), because that's pretty much the only technique available there. The fluff you have with the to and from functions is just eye-candy.
In your case, what you want is for the caller of the callback function not to have to care about the type of the function it is calling, nor about the type of the parameters it is giving it, if any. So, these are the types you want to "erase".
In your problem, the caller doesn't know anything except that it must call the callback function. Even though, in your code, you provide a void* to the function call, in reality, the caller contributes nothing of its own to the function and does not expect anything back either. So, for the sake of not complicating things more than they need to be, your caller should look something like this:
void call_function(some_callable_type f)
{
f(); // provides no parameter, recieves nothing in return.
}
The some_callable_type should not be a template parameter of call_function, it should be some sort of place-holder class that hides away the actual type and parameters of the underlying function that is called when f is called. In other words, the some_callable_type class erases the type of the callback function. So, the question is, how to implement some_callable_type? Well, first of all, it needs to be callable (have a call operator that takes no argument), and it will need to "dispatch" that call at run-time (because it cannot be done at compile-time since the type is erased). In other words, you might simply use a virtual call operator:
class some_callable_type {
public:
// always need a virtual destructor:
virtual ~some_callable_type() { };
virtual void operator()() const = 0;
};
Now, all you would need to do is create some useful derived classes, like this:
template <typename T>
class funcptr_one_param : public some_callable_type {
public:
typedef void (*func_ptr_type)(const T&);
funcptr_one_param(func_ptr_type aFunc, const T& aParam) : func(aFunc), param(aParam) { };
virtual void operator()() const {
func(param);
};
private:
func_ptr_type func;
T param;
};
And so on so forth for each type of call-back you want to support. And then, you would just add a bit of sugar frosting on top of that:
template <typename T>
funcptr_one_param< T > make_callback(void (*func)(const T&), const T& param) {
return funcptr_one_param< T >(func, param);
};
Then, your caller function would look like this:
void call_function(const some_callable_type& f)
{
f();
}
And your main, like this:
int main()
{
std::string test = "Hello";
call_function( make_callback(foo, test) );
std::cin.get();
return 0;
}
However, this isn't very flexible. For one, you can't copy the callback function object (or pointer). This would require some additional wrapper (similar to reference_wrapper in the latest standard). Roughly speaking, it would be something like this:
class some_callable_type {
public:
// always need a virtual destructor:
virtual ~some_callable_type() { };
virtual void operator()() const = 0;
virtual some_callable_type* clone() = 0;
};
class wrapped_callable_obj {
private:
some_callable_type* p_obj;
public:
template <typename FunctionType>
wrapped_callable_obj(FunctionType f) : p_obj(new FunctionType(f)) { };
wrapped_callable_obj(const wrapped_callable_obj& rhs) : p_obj(rhs.p_obj->clone()) { };
friend
void swap(wrapped_callable_obj& lhs, wrapped_callable_obj& rhs) {
std::swap(lhs.p_obj, rhs.p_obj);
};
wrapped_callable_obj& operator=(wrapped_callable_obj rhs) {
swap(*this, rhs);
};
~wrapped_callable_obj() { delete p_obj; };
void operator()() const { (*p_obj)(); };
};
template <typename T>
class funcptr_one_param : public some_callable_type {
public:
typedef void (*func_ptr_type)(const T&);
funcptr_one_param(func_ptr_type aFunc, const T& aParam) : func(aFunc), param(aParam) { };
virtual void operator()() const {
func(param);
};
virtual some_callable_type* clone() {
return new funcptr_one_param(*this);
};
private:
func_ptr_type func;
T param;
};
template <typename T>
wrapped_callable_obj make_callback(void (*func)(const T&), const T& param) {
return wrapped_callable_obj(funcptr_one_param< T >(func, param));
};
void call_function(wrapped_callable_obj f)
{
f();
}
int main()
{
std::string test = "Hello";
call_function( make_callback(foo, test) );
std::cin.get();
return 0;
}
The other issue is the fact that you are going to need to make one derived class for each type of callback you want to support (multiple parameters, with or without return type, etc..), including an overload of the eye-candy function make_callback for each too. And if you do all this correctly, you are going to end up with exactly the implementation used by the Boost.Bind / Boost.Function duo of libraries (i.e., Boost.Bind provides the eye-candy analogous to make_callback, and Boost.Function provides the type-erased function objects analogous to wrapped_callable_obj).
The above demonstration has all the essential components of most type erasure techniques in C++. The important thing to understand here, in this "callback" scenario, is that one of the very desirable features is retaining type-safety on both sides of the type-erased interface. In other words, the callback function is implemented without any weird casts (i.e., the foo function recieves a string, not some void* that it needs to cast to something else), this makes the solution more flexible and safer (there aren't any casts at all in this). And from the caller's perspective, it recieves a callable object, period, no weird "unknown type" object or overly restrictive function pointers. This is why this is the preferred solution. In your solution, you have neither of these things, which leads to some awkward results.
Oh, and you might say: "my solution seems way simpler". Well, it is simpler to implement, that's for sure, but that is only because you leave a lot of the trouble to the caller (having to carry around the parameter and function pointer) and to the callback function definition (having to cast, or worse, the void* parameter it gets). It is worth the trouble to implement a "complicated" solution if you end up with a simpler, safer and more usable solution from a user's point of view (caller / callback).
commented: Nice explanation mike! Worth reading. +12
Thanks a lot for the explanation looks very detailed, I will read it all in the morning. Thanks again. :)
Oh just to let you know, your time has not been wasted, I have read it, but I just haven't had sufficient time to really take it in. But i'll give that a go now.
Thanks again.
OK, This is what I've come up with. Thanks a lot!
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
class CallbackWrapper
{
public:
virtual ~CallbackWrapper() { };
virtual void Call() = 0;
};
template <typename MT> class CallbackFunction : public CallbackWrapper
{
typedef void (*CALLBACK)(MT);
CALLBACK func;
MT data;
public:
CallbackFunction() { };
void SetData(void (*f)(MT), MT d)
{
func = f;
data = d;
}
void Call()
{
func(data);
}
};
class Callback
{
CallbackWrapper *CallbackClass;
public:
Callback() { };
~Callback()
{
delete CallbackClass;
}
template <typename T> void SetCallback(CallbackFunction <T> *func)
{
CallbackClass = func;
}
void Call()
{
CallbackClass->Call();
}
};
template <typename CT> Callback NewCallback(void (*func)(CT), CT data)
{
CallbackFunction <CT> *cf = new CallbackFunction <CT>;
cf->SetData(func, data);
Callback cb;
cb.SetCallback(cf);
return cb;
};
void Call(Callback CallbackFunc)
{
CallbackFunc.Call();
}
void foo(std::string str)
{
std::cout << str << "\n";
}
int main()
{
std::string str;
str.append("Hello, World!");
Call( NewCallback(&foo, str) );
return 0;
} | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Miriam Schaer
Miriam Schaer (born 1956) is an American artist who creates artists' books, and installations, prints, collage, photography, and video in relation to artists' books. She also is a teacher of the subject.
Career
Miriam Schaer was born in Buffalo, New York. She did her B.F.A. at the University of the Arts, Philadelphia; the School of Visual Arts, New York; and Boston University; and her M.F.A. at the Transart Institute, Creative Practice, Plymouth University, Plymouth UK. Schaer explores feminine, social and spiritual issues using books and different materials. Her work has been exhibited and cataloged internationally at venues including at the Brooklyn Public Library, the New Orleans Museum of Art, and the Brooklyn Museum of Art, In 2000, she had a Douglas Library Show at Rutgers University in New Brunswick NJ (the oldest continuously running exhibition showcasing women artists). In 2015, during a conference on "Motherhood and Creative Practice" at London's South Bank University, she exhibited her work in the accompanying exhibition Alternative Maternals. She is the recipient of many prestigious awards including The Soros Arts and Culture Grant, the New York Foundation for the Arts Fellowship, and received a Fulbright to the Republic of Georgia (2017). Her work is included in public collections such as the Yale University Art Museum, the Azerbaijan Museum, in Baku, Azerbaijan; the Tate Gallery, London, England, the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis and in Canada in the Robert McLaughlin Gallery, Oshawa. It has been mentioned in reviews in the New York Times and she is included in the Elizabeth A. Sackler Center for Feminist Art: Feminist Art Base. From 2009 to 2016, she was a senior lecturer at Columbia College Chicago Interdisciplinary Arts, in the Interdisciplinary MFA Program in Book and Paper and in 2006-2010 and 2022, she taught the "Art of the Book" at the Pratt Institute as an assistant professor where she is on the faculty. | WIKI |
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Discovering the causes of cancer and the means of prevention
Familial Melanoma Study
Most genetic epidemiology investigations evaluate the contributions of host susceptibility and environmental exposure in the development of cancer. In family studies, the host susceptibility measure is frequently an alteration in specific gene(s). These studies tend to be very long term with varying activity.
Although two genes associated with melanoma susceptibility have been identified (CDKN2A and CDK4), alterations in these genes are found in only a small percentage of melanoma-prone families. The search for other genes continues. In collaboration with GenoMEL (Melanoma Genetics Consortium), an international consortium, DCEG investigators are searching for new melanoma susceptibility genes both within families and a genome-wide association study. In a methodologic study, investigators compared CDKN2A mutation detection using denaturing high performance liquid chromatography to usual screening across nine different centers in GenoMEL. They found that mutation detection across the groups was consistent and of high quality.
Investigators have also conducted an association study of familial melanoma using a candidate gene approach, and analysis is continuing. They continue to accrue and evaluate new families while continuing to evaluate families of individuals with heritable retinoblastoma and melanoma.
For more information, contact Alisa Goldstein or Rose Yang.
Familial Melanoma Study Protocol | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Semantics vs. Presentation in HTML
on
[source]
>> cut’npaste >>
Semantics vs. Presentation in HTML
One of the holy grails in modern web development is separation of content and presentation. This is often understood to mean a separation of HTML and CSS, but it goes deeper than that. In order to take full advantage of the concept, first we need to understand the difference between semantic and presentational markup in HTML. Semantic markup describes the purpose of content, while presentational markup describes how it is rendered on the page. For an example of the difference, let’s take a look at two methods of displaying a header on a web page. A semantic approach:
<h1>My Page Title</h1>
The h1 tag identifies this element as a top-level header, but does not dictate how headers should be displayed (font size, color, etc.). The presentation rules can then be controlled in a linked stylesheet instead of inside the HTML. A presentational approach:
<font size="24" color="black">My Page Title</font>
The font tag dictates how the element should be displayed, but does not identify what part of the document the element is (a header, a subheader, a paragraph, etc.). If we want to change the way headers are displayed, we need to change the font attributes for every header on every page of the site. Keep in mind, however, that writing semantic HTML means more than just moving presentation to CSS. Consider the following:
<div>My Page Title</div>
This approach lets us separate content from presentation, since we can control the .headerstyle in CSS; but it’s less useful to any software that might make use of the document, since the software would be more likely to look for a primary header in a standard h1 element than adiv.header element.
Benefits of Semantic HTML
• Semantic markup makes it easier to control layouts. Presentational rules can be delegated to linked stylesheets, minimizing the need to modify the documents themselves.
• It promotes interoperability. Semantic markup allows programs to share, analyze, and process documents more effectively. Modern web developers need to be concerned with more than how the pages look in a browser. We need to consider how well spiders, aggregators, and other applications can make use of our content.
• Semantic markup is good for SEO. Content in an h1 element provides a hint about the document’s primary topic, which can help search engines determine how it should be categorized.
The Microformats web site provides useful information about semantic HTML and a list of semantic elements.
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Solve for third degree polynomial
Posted 9 years ago
Hello,
The following 3rd degree polynomial has 3 real roots. All roots can be written as multiple of Cosines. Using Solve, I cannot obtain all three roots expressed in a simple manner. Any idea ? Thanks for your help.
Solve[x^3-3x-1==0,x]
Pierre
POSTED BY: Pierre Henrotay
9 Replies
The usage of Re is a pitty, so it took 138 attempts only to avoid that
In[138]:= (FullSimplify[Re[#]] + I FullSimplify[Im[#]]) & /@ (
TrigReduce[ExpToTrig[ComplexExpand[ToRadicals[#, Cubics -> True]]]] & /@ (
Last[Last[#]] & /@ Solve[x^3 - 3 x - 1 == 0, x]))
Out[138]= {2 Cos[\[Pi]/9], -Cos[\[Pi]/9] - Sqrt[3] Sin[\[Pi]/9],
1/2 (-Cos[\[Pi]/9] - 2 Sin[\[Pi]/18] + Sqrt[3] Sin[\[Pi]/9])}
the thing is, that FullSimplify recognizes the Root object back; it does so no longer if it sees the real and imaginary parts in splendid isolation ...
Having understood that, one can do of course better:
In[142]:= (FullSimplify[Re[#]] + I FullSimplify[Im[#]])& /@ (
ComplexExpand[ToRadicals[Last[Last[#]], Cubics -> True]]& /@ Solve[x^3 - 3 x - 1 == 0, x])
Out[142]= {2 Cos[\[Pi]/9], -Cos[\[Pi]/9] - Sqrt[3] Sin[\[Pi]/9],
1/2 (-Cos[\[Pi]/9] - 2 Sin[\[Pi]/18] + Sqrt[3] Sin[\[Pi]/9])}
My conclusion so far is that Mathematica returns an inconsistent answer.
Not at all. But it is for very good reasons (Galois) Root-centered in polynomial algebra. You have to break that on your own.
POSTED BY: Udo Krause
Posted 9 years ago
@Pierre If you are ok with numerical solution, here it is..
NSolve[x^3 - 3 x - 1 == 0, x,10]
{{x -> -1.532088886}, {x -> -0.3472963553}, {x -> 1.879385242}}
POSTED BY: Okkes Dulgerci
In[64]:= Solve[x^3 - 3 x - 1 == 0, x, Reals]
Out[64]= {{x -> Root[-1 - 3 #1 + #1^3 &, 1]}, {x -> Root[-1 - 3 #1 + #1^3 &, 2]}, {x -> Root[-1 - 3 #1 + #1^3 &, 3]}}
In[67]:= N[{{x -> Root[-1 - 3 #1 + #1^3 &, 1]}, {x -> Root[-1 - 3 #1 + #1^3 &, 2]}, {x -> Root[-1 - 3 #1 + #1^3 &, 3]}}]
Out[67]= {{x -> -1.53209}, {x -> -0.347296}, {x -> 1.87939}}
In[68]:= {{x -> -1.532088886237956`}, {x -> -0.3472963553338607`}, {x \-> 1.8793852415718169`}}
POSTED BY: Simon Cadrin
Mathematica has a rigorous, general way to deal with this.
roots = x /. Solve[x^3 - 3 x - 1 == 0, x, Cubics -> False]
{Root[-1 - 3 #1 + #1^3 &, 1], Root[-1 - 3 #1 + #1^3 &, 2],
Root[-1 - 3 #1 + #1^3 &, 3]}
Now, that looks like it really hasn't accomplished anything. In this particular case, the reduction to Root[] objects is trivial. However, Root[] objects are the best general-purpose representation of roots.
Root[] objects with precise coefficients are precise numbers. Mathematica can extract their properties:
Map[Element[#, Reals] &, roots]
{True, True, True}
Mathematica can also rapidly compute numeric approximations of them, without parasitic imaginary parts:
N[roots, 100]
{-1.532088886237956070404785301110833347871664914160790491708090569284310777713749447056458553361096987,
-0.3472963553338606977034332535386295920007513543681387744724827562641316442780294708430332263147991480,
1.879385241571816768108218554649462939872416268528929266180573325548442421991778917899491779675896135}
POSTED BY: John Doty
Well done Bill and Okkes ! Not that simple...
What puzzles me most is that Mathematica is not able to perform the job by itself. Let me clarify : after ComplexExpand // Fullsimplify, one root returned is real (2Cos[Pi/9]); another is real as well (it could be further simplified as it is 2Cos[7*PI/9], but ok). And the third persists in showing a complex value, although its imaginary part must be zero (this is a 3rd order polynomial with real coefficients). My conclusion so far is that Mathematica returns an inconsistent answer. Of course, this being due to the sequence of operations, whereby the maths of the original problem is forgotten.
POSTED BY: Pierre Henrotay
Posted 9 years ago
ExpToTrig[ToRadicals[Root[-1 - 3 #1 + #1^3 &, 1]]] // Re
POSTED BY: Okkes Dulgerci
Posted 9 years ago
Thank you for pointing out my misunderstanding. I saw Cubics false in the details and assumed that was the default value.
In[1]:= FullSimplify[x /. Solve[x^3 - 3 x - 1 == 0, x]]
Out[1]= {2 Cos[\[Pi]/9], Root[-1 - 3 #1 + #1^3 &, 1], -Cos[\[Pi]/9] + Sqrt[3] Sin[\[Pi]/9]}
In[2]:= ExpToTrig[ToRadicals[Root[-1 - 3 #1 + #1^3 &, 1]]]
Out[2]= -(1/2) Cos[\[Pi]/9] + 1/2 I Sqrt[3] Cos[\[Pi]/9] - Cos[(2 \[Pi])/9] - 1/2 I Sin[\[Pi]/9] - 1/2 Sqrt[3] Sin[\[Pi]/9] - I Sin[(2 \[Pi])/9]
FullSimplify only the complex terms
In[3]:= -(1/2) Cos[\[Pi]/9] + FullSimplify[1/2 I Sqrt[3] Cos[\[Pi]/9] - 1/2 I Sin[\[Pi]/9] - I Sin[(2 \[Pi])/9]] - Cos[(2 \[Pi])/9] - 1/2 Sqrt[3] Sin[\[Pi]/9]
Out[3]= -(1/2) Cos[\[Pi]/9] - Cos[(2 \[Pi])/9] - 1/2 Sqrt[3] Sin[\[Pi]/9]
POSTED BY: Bill Simpson
Thanks. But Cubics->True is apparently the default for Solve (but not for Reduce). The first two roots are addressed by: Solve[x^3 - 3 x - 1 == 0, x] // ComplexExpand // FullSimplify
But the third one is the one which causes me trouble indeed. I tried various combinations (ComplexExpand, FullSimplify etc..). No success so far.
POSTED BY: Pierre Henrotay
Posted 9 years ago
In the help page for Solve click on Details and Options and read all the extra documentation for Solve.
In that find that including the option Cubics->True will give you what you want
Solve[x^3 - 3 x - 1 == 0, x, Cubics -> True]
Using FullSimplify on the result will translate two out of the three into trig form.
Using ExpToTrig and FullSimplify in various ways on parts of the third one can get it into trig form.
POSTED BY: Bill Simpson
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Southeast Missouri State–Southern Illinois football rivalry
The War of the Wheel is an American college football rivalry game between the Southeast Missouri State Redhawks and the Southern Illinois Salukis. These schools are 45 miles apart.
History
===Game History ===
7 seeds in the second round
Through the 2024 tournament, 7 seeds have advanced to the second round 96 times. Ninety times a 7 seed faced a 2 seed, with 27 winning. All 27 wins are officially classified as an upset because every winning team in the table defeated a 2 seed (5 lines higher). Six times a 7 seed faced a 15 seed, with 2 winning. None of those games are considered "upsets" by the NCAA, as both teams were seeded higher.
7 seeds in the Sweet 16
Ten 7 seeds have won in the sweet sixteen and advanced to the elite eight. None of these games are considered "upsets" by the NCAA. Navy was the higher seed against Cleveland State in 1986, and all other games involved teams separated by fewer than 5 seed lines.
Governor's Cup (Texas)
Cowboys–Oilers
Regular Season Results
Cowboys–Texans | WIKI |
Quick Answer: Where Is GIF Normally Used?
How do I get GIF on my phone?
Sending GIFs with the Google KeyboardGo to a conversation or start a new one.Tap inside the text message bar to launch the keyboard.Tap the smiley face icon next to the space bar.Tap GIF at the bottom of the screen.Search by keyword or view recent GIFs if you’ve done this before.
Tap the GIF you want to use.More items…•.
What is GIF bad for?
GIF: good for flat colors, bad for photographs However, its glitchy support for images with more details and colors (like a photograph) is a big drawback. GIF renders flat colors better compared to JPG. It has less noise and crispier edges than the JPG at the right.
What formats are better than GIF?
What alternatives to animated GIF are there?GIF is the oldest and simplest image format still commonly used on the web. … APNG Animated Portable Network Graphics. … WebP Modern image format developed by Google. … FLIF Free Lossless Image Format.
When should you use GIF?
Use GIF when your graphic uses a relatively low number of colors, there are hard-edged shapes, large areas of solid color, or needs to make use of binary transparency. These exact same rules apply for 8-Bit PNG’s. You can think of them almost exactly like GIF files.
Does GIFs use compression?
Because GIF is a lossless data compression format, meaning that no information is lost in the compression, it quickly became a popular format for transmitting and storing graphic files.
Combined with the emotional shorthand and cultural references they carry, GIFs allow users to simultaneously express their mood, sense of humor, and identity in a low-effort way like no other digital medium can. The efficiency of its expressiveness is the ultimate power of GIFs and the key to its enduring popularity.
How do you get GIFs on Imessage?
How to text a GIF on an iPhone using the built-in Messages keyboardOpen the Messages app.Select the “Images” icon from the menu bar below the new message field. … A GIF keyboard will pop up that says “Find images.” Scroll through the GIFs to view popular or recently used GIFs.More items…•
What is the difference between a JPEG and a GIF?
JPEG and GIF both are a type of image format to store images. JPEG uses lossy compression algorithm and image may lost some of its data whereas GIF uses lossless compression algorithm and no image data loss is present in GIF format. GIF images supports animation and transparency.
What are GIFs used for?
A GIF (Graphical Interchange Format) is an image format invented in 1987 by Steve Wilhite, a US software writer who was looking for a way to animate images in the smallest file size. In short, GIFs are a series of images or soundless video that will loop continuously and doesn’t require anyone to press play.
How do you text a GIF?
How to Text a Gif on Android?To send GIF in text message android, open your default messaging app.Look for a smiley face emoji on the keyboard, and tap it.Look for the GIF button among all the emojis and tap it.Use the search field to find your desired GIF or browse through the collection.More items…•
Why won’t GIFs play on my phone?
The answer? From the start, Android hasn’t had built-in animated GIF support. It doesn’t naturally support GIFs. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Florida's DeSantis traverses the U.S. as 2024 White House talk advances
By James Oliphant and Joseph Ax
OLATHE, Kan., Sept 22 (Reuters) - Days after sending two planeloads of migrants to Martha’s Vineyard, Florida Governor Ron DeSantis flew 1,000 miles (1,600 km) across the country to speak to voters in a Kansas hotel ballroom.
He ostensibly made the trip to stump for a fellow Republican. But introduced as "America's governor," DeSantis' one-hour speech sounded like a presidential-style campaign address heavy on his Florida track record.
The audience of hundreds roared with approval, especially when he referenced the Martha's Vineyard flights of migrants he choreographed last week to protest the immigration policies of President Joe Biden's administration.
“He’s not backing down, and that’s one of the things I appreciate about him,” said Bill Burns, 60, of Olathe.
DeSantis' stop in America's heartland was part of a series of events that have taken him to such states as Pennsylvania and Wisconsin as he builds a national profile and donor base. His actions have led to speculation that should he win a second term as governor in November, he will quickly pivot to a 2024 bid for the Republican presidential nomination.
The X-factor remains former President Donald Trump, a fellow Republican who has strongly suggested he will launch another White House run. Trump and DeSantis were close allies during Trump’s four years in office, but the governor has since forged a distinct political identity.
DeSantis, 44, became the national face of resistance to COVID-19 mask and vaccine mandates. He has taken the lead on hot-button cultural issues such as the teaching of race relations and gender identity in public schools.
When Walt Disney Co DIS.N, one of Florida's biggest employers, opposed a new state law limiting discussion of LGBTQ issues in schools, DeSantis moved to strip the company of its self-governing status. When an elected Democratic state attorney said he would not prosecute anyone over abortion or transgender care, DeSantis removed him.
DeSantis' Democratic opponent in Florida, former governor Charlie Crist, has accused him of running the state in an autocratic fashion and has encouraged voters to put a brake on his national ambitions by denying him a second term.
Crist cut a TV ad in the wake of the Martha’s Vineyard incident charging that DeSantis “is always putting politics over people’s lives.”
Conservatives, meantime, have cheered him on.
DeSantis raised nearly $180 million between his re-election campaign and his state-level political action committee through Sept. 9, setting a new record for gubernatorial fundraising, according to OpenSecrets, a non-profit organization that tracks campaign finance.
More than $70 million of DeSantis' total has come from out of state, according to the site’s analysis. He has collected checks from several ultra-wealthy donors, including hotelier and space exploration entrepreneur Robert Bigelow, who contributed $10 million in July, and hedge fund manager Kenneth Griffin, who gave $5 million last year.
CHANGED CALCULUS
Trump, 76, has long been considered the favorite for the Republican nomination should he run again. DeSantis, a former congressman who attended Yale University and Harvard Law School and served in Iraq as a U.S. Navy lieutenant, has changed that calculus.
A USA Today/Suffolk poll released on Wednesday showed DeSantis leads Trump 48%-40% among Florida Republicans in a 2024 presidential primary contest. That was a reversal from a Florida poll in January when Trump edged DeSantis 47%-40%.
Ready for Ron, a federal fundraising PAC, wants DeSantis to seek the presidency. The group has run television and digital ads and has spent between $250,000 and $500,000 since its launch in May, according to Dan Backer, a lawyer working for the PAC.
"We think he's the guy," Backer said. "I love Trump - I think Trump was a fantastic president. But that's not what we're about. We're about getting Ron DeSantis to run and electing him so we beat Joe Biden and save our country."
A day before the DeSantis event in Kansas on Sunday, Trump held a raucous outdoor rally in Ohio for thousands of adoring supporters. The governor's less-publicized talk was much more restrained as he methodically laid out statistics in support of his claim that Florida had prospered under his leadership.
He was not above trying to get the crowd worked up when he turned to cultural issues, however.
"These are fights that we have to have, and these are fights that we have to win," he said to applause.
John Thomas, a Republican strategist in California, said DeSantis was smart to be positioning himself for a potential 2024 run.
“He's clearly catching the president's ire along the way, but I would argue that he should just tread lightly but definitely continue to tread," Thomas said.
Trump's PAC has boasted an FBI search of his Florida estate last month gave him a boost over DeSantis with Republican voters.
For his part, DeSantis has yet to say whether he is considering running for president or whether he would challenge Trump.
David Jolly, a former Florida congressman who left the Republican Party to help form an independent third party, believes DeSantis has no choice but to make a bid when his star is burning the brightest.
“He could be an also-ran in 2028,” Jolly said. “He has the hottest hand in politics right now in the country of anybody, red, blue or purple.”
(Reporting by James Oliphant in Olathe, Kansas, and Joseph Ax in Princeton, New Jersey; Editing by Colleen Jenkins and Howard Goller)
((james.oliphant@thomsonreuters.com; +1.202.834.0728))
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
User:Tekinoh Tenn
tekinoh tenn the ugandan musician artist.tekinoh tenn ikyiwomela abakazzi kyekyikyi.tekinoh tenn born in mutungo
biinna in may 15th 1995. tekinoh tenn join music in 2013.tekinoh tenn is the brother of semanda manisuli ak king saha
tekinoh tenn muka mulirwana | WIKI |
Talk:Perdix (mythology)
Plagiarism?
The "Mythology" section is copied essentially word-for-word from Bulfinch's Mythology. I can add it in as a source but I'm not sure it solves the plagiarism issue. Orientalduck98 (talk) 07:37, 22 October 2017 (UTC)
* In theory Bulfinch's Mythology is now in the public domain and can be freely copied (for Wikipedia purposes, this would require clear attribution). But it's generally better to write our own text, directly quoting only where necessary, with sources cited for factual claims but not copied wholesale. –jacobolus (t) 00:08, 23 May 2024 (UTC)
Should this be merged with Talos (inventor)?
This article and Talos (inventor) seem to be describing the same mythical character. –jacobolus (t) 23:14, 22 May 2024 (UTC) | WIKI |
Sir Lawrence Dundas, 1st Baronet
Sir Lawrence Dundas, 1st Baronet (22 October 1712 – 21 September 1781) was a Scottish merchant and politician.
Life
He was the son of Thomas Dundas and Bethia Baillie. He made his first fortune as Commissary General: supplying goods to the British Army during the Jacobite rising of 1745 and the Seven Years' War. Dundas subsequently branched out into banking, property (he developed Grangemouth in 1777) and was a major backer of the Forth and Clyde Canal which happened to run through his estate, centred on Kerse House, near Falkirk. He left his son an inheritance worth £900,000. Sir Lawrence was also a man of taste, elected a member of the Society of Dilettanti in 1750.
He bought the Aske Estate, near Richmond in North Yorkshire in 1763 from Lord Holderness for £45,000 and proceeded to enlarge and remodel it in Palladian taste by the premier Yorkshire architect, John Carr, who also designed new stables. Dundas also acquired ownership over two slave plantations in the British West Indies, one in Dominica and one in Grenada.
In 1768, he acquired a tavern "Peace and Plenty" on the land destined to become Edinburgh's New Town. This was shown on James Craig's plan as a potential site for a church, but Dundas's wealth and ownership of the site allowed him to design his own mansion here, somewhat off the grid of the New Town. This house, now Dundas House in St. Andrew Square, was designed by Sir William Chambers, became the headquarters of the Royal Bank of Scotland in 1825. The facade and later 1857 ceiling feature on the current designs of the banknotes issued by the Royal Bank.
He purchased Giacomo Leoni's grand house near London, Moor Park, for which he ordered a set of Gobelins tapestry hangings with medallions by François Boucher and a long suite of seat furniture to match, for which Robert Adam provided designs: they are among the earliest English neoclassical furniture. Other new furnishings, for Aske and for Sir Lawrence's magnificently appointed London house at 19 Arlington Street, were supplied by Thomas Chippendale (1763–66), and Chippendale's rivals, the royal cabinet-makers William Vile and John Cobb, and Samuel Norman (Gilbert). A pair of marquetry commodes in the French taste by a French cabinet-maker working in London, Pierre Langlois, is at Aske. Capability Brown worked on the park at Aske and provided a design for a bridge. In the 1770s, Sir Lawrence turned to Robert Adam for further remodelling and designs for furnishings.
The Aske estate included the pocket borough of Richmond, so Sir Lawrence was, therefore, able to appoint the Member of Parliament. Sir Lawrence married Margaret Bruce, and they had one son, Thomas Dundas.
James Boswell described Dundas as "a comely jovial Scotch gentleman of good address but not bright parts ... I liked him much".
Dundas was a great collector of art. Long after his death, Messrs Greenwood sold 116 of his paintings on 29–31 May 1794 from their room in Leicester Square. They included works by Cuyp, Murillo, Raphael, Rubens and Teniers. Some of the Murillo's and perhaps other works would have been bought on commission by Dundas's friend John Blackwood.
Sir Lawrence died in 1781 and is buried in the Dundas Mausoleum at Falkirk Old Parish Church where his wife Margaret and son Thomas eventually joined him. | WIKI |
Col de Tende
Col de Tende (Colle di Tenda; elevation 1870 m) is a high mountain pass in the Alps, close to the border between France and Italy, although the highest section of the pass is wholly within France.
Pass
It separates the Maritime Alps from the Ligurian Alps. It connects Nice and Tende in Alpes-Maritimes with Cuneo in Piedmont.
A railway tunnel inaugurated in 1898 and the Col de Tende Road Tunnel inaugurated in 1882 run under the pass. The latter tunnel is 3.2 kilometre long and is among the oldest long road tunnels.
French historian François Guizot states that the road was first developed by Phoenicians and later maintained by Greeks and Romans.
"But, at the end of three or four centuries, these colonies fell into decay; the trade of the Phoenicians was withdrawn from Gaul, and the only important sign it preserved of their residence was a road which, starting from the eastern Pyrenees, skirted the Gallic portion of the Mediterranean, crossed the Alps by the pass of Tenda, and so united Spain, Gaul, and Italy. After the withdrawal of the Phoenicians this road was kept up and repaired, at first by the Greeks of Marseilles, and subsequently by the Romans." | WIKI |
Talk:Boston 10K for Women
New name
The new name of the race is the Boston 10K for Women, Presented by REI, and I would like to have a discussion on renaming the article. Whoisjohngalt (talk) 14:17, 30 June 2021 (UTC) | WIKI |
How painful is an electric shock?
Nerves are tissue that offers very little resistance to the passage of an electric current. When nerves are affected by an electric shock, the consequences include pain, tingling, numbness, weakness or difficulty moving a limb. These effects may clear up with time or be permanent.
How does an electric shock feel?
Topic Overview. When you touch a light switch to turn on a light, you may receive a minor electrical shock. You may feel tingling in your hand or arm. Usually, this tingling goes away in a few minutes.
What are the symptoms of the electric shock in human body?
What are the symptoms of an electric shock?
• loss of consciousness.
• muscle spasms.
• numbness or tingling.
• breathing problems.
• headache.
• problems with vision or hearing.
• burns.
• seizures.
How does it feel to be shocked to death?
When someone close to you dies you may feel shock, disbelief, numbness, sadness, anger or loneliness. It may seem like everything has been turned upside down. Everyone reacts differently and it is normal to experience many emotions. It is all part of a grieving process.
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Which organ is mainly affected by electric shock?
An electric shock may directly cause death in three ways: paralysis of the breathing centre in the brain, paralysis of the heart, or ventricular fibrillation (uncontrolled, extremely rapid twitching of the heart muscle).
What increases the risk of getting a electric shock?
Causes of electric shock
Damaged or frayed cords or extension leads. Electrical appliances coming in contact with water. Incorrect or deteriorated household wiring. Downed powerlines.
How do you prevent electric shocks?
Stop Being Zapped: Skin Tips
1. Stay Moisturized. Keeping your skin hydrated is one way to reduce the effects of static shock. …
2. Wear Low-Static Fabrics & Shoes. Rubber-soled shoes are insulators and build up static on your body. …
3. Add Baking Soda to Your Laundry.
What happens when you get shocked by a charger?
“Because the burn is caused by electricity, the shock can be painful,” said Bunke, who added that serious electrocution cases can even trigger irregular heartbeats, breathing difficulties or muscle damage.
How can electric shocks be prevented?
To Prevent an Electric Shock, You Should:
1. Do not “flip” the circuit breaker as an On and Off switch. …
2. Make sure all employees know how to turn off the power in an emergency.
3. Always use dry hands when handling cords or plugs.
4. Pull on the plug, not the cord, to disconnect it from the outlet.
Why do I feel electric shock when I touch someone?
So, when a person or any object has extra electrons, it creates a negative charge. These electrons thus get attracted to positive electrons (as opposite attracts) of another object or person and vice versa. The shock that we feel sometimes is the result of the quick movement of these electrons.
IT IS INTERESTING: What type of cell generates electrical energy?
What are signs of shock?
Symptoms of shock
• Pale, cold, clammy skin.
• Shallow, rapid breathing.
• Difficulty breathing.
• Anxiety.
• Rapid heartbeat.
• Heartbeat irregularities or palpitations.
• Thirst or a dry mouth.
• Low urine output or dark urine.
Why do I feel like Im electrocuted?
Lhermitte’s sign, also called Lhermitte’s phenomenon or the barber chair phenomenon, is often associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). It’s a sudden, uncomfortable sensation that travels from your neck down your spine when you flex your neck. Lhermitte’s is often described as an electrical shock or buzzing sensation.
Power generation | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
0
Hi,
im trying to populate each datagrid with an individual record from a table by using a loop - ideally id like something like this below
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.IO;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
public partial class Default2 : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
{
for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++)
{
// datatable dt + i means id like the datatable to be named dt and the i from the loop
DataTable dt+i = new DataTable();
String strConnString = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.
ConnectionStrings["conString"].ConnectionString;
// i think this sql part using i should work atleast
string strQuery = "select ID, Name from tblFiles where id ='" + i + "'";
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(strQuery);
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(strConnString);
SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter();
cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
cmd.Connection = con;
try
{
con.Open();
sda.SelectCommand = cmd;
sda.Fill(dt);
// dt1, dt2, dt3 are the result of the loop dt+i
GridView1.DataSource = dt1;
GridView1.DataBind();
GridView1.DataSource = dt2;
GridView1.DataBind();
GridView1.DataSource = dt3;
GridView1.DataBind();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Response.Write(ex.Message);
}
finally
{
con.Close();
sda.Dispose();
con.Dispose();
dt.Dispose();
}
}
}
}
}
i know this may be totally wrong - but im trying to indicate what im trying to acheive. i could implement this by simply copying the original code 3 times changing the sql statement and populating 1 grid with 1 copy. - but that seems like a awfull lot of repetition!
any ideas?
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Last Post by PierlucSS
0
There is two way of doing, with an array of DataTable or, which I reocmmed a DataSet
DataSet d = new DataSet();
d.Tables.Add(new DataTable());
So basicly after you've filled your datatable, you add it to the dataset. you can also access a datatable with an indexer (string or int)
DataSet d = new DataSet();
d.Tables[1];
d.Tables["name_used_on_creation_of_datatable"];
0
thanks for the reply. :)
what i dont understand is how i can populate a datatable to put into the dataset with just one row? and then make another datatable with just one row ... etc etc?
0
Well if you want different different content in each table you need different queries which means you could pass the query as a parameter to your function as well as the string identifie of that table in the dataset.
public partial class Default2 : System.Web.UI.Page
{
private DataSet set = new DataSet();
protected void btn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string query = "select ID, Name from tblFiles";
addToDataSet(query, key);
}
private void addToDataSet(string query, string key)
{
// datatable dt + i means id like the datatable to be named dt and the i from the loop
DataTable d = new DataTable(key);
String strConnString = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.
ConnectionStrings["conString"].ConnectionString;
// i think this sql part using i should work atleast
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(query);
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(strConnString);
SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter();
cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
cmd.Connection = con;
try
{
con.Open();
sda.SelectCommand = cmd;
sda.Fill(dt);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Response.Write(ex.Message);
}
finally
{
con.Close();
sda.Dispose();
con.Dispose();
dt.Dispose();
if(d != null) set.Tables.Add(d);
}
}
}
Edited by PierlucSS: n/a
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Reed Loch
The Reed Loch was also known as Loch Green. As a curling pond it was probably known as the Fullarton House Pond, located as it was on the edge of the Fullarton House and Crosbie Castle estate curtilage, It was originally a shallow and overgrown freshwater loch, hence the name Reed Loch and its marshy appearance on Johnson's 1828 map. It was cleaned out and used as a curling pond in the latter part of the 19th century before falling out of use and being drained in the late 20th century.
History
The loch was a natural feature, probably a post-glacial 'Kettle Hole' once of greater extent, fed mainly by the Darley Burn, rainfall, and field drainage. Its existence is recorded in the placename of Lochgreen House. The Darley Burn was diverted away from the site which however remained dominated by reeds willows and at best constituted poor quality grazing. The loch site is fully drained today (datum 2012) however it still floods in winter. The old Crosbie church and cemetery lie to the south of the old loch site.
The Isle of Pins Road is named for the unusual pillar that stands near the old entrance drive to Fullarton House and the name derives from the time when the pillar stood as a folly or feature on what was an island prior to the draining of the loch circa 1800. In 1876 the Reed Loch is recorded as being the favourite curling loch in the district. The drainage of the loch is this area is a covered burn that runs in front of Lochgreen and gravel beds prominent in the nearby field show the one time extent of standing water in the area.
Usage
Fullarton House had an ice house that was constructed from the ruins of Crosbie Castle and this would require to be filled with ice from a site such as the Reed Loch. No watermills seem to have been associated with Reed Loch. It was latterly dug out and used for curling; a possible curling house is shown just to the south of the loch margin. Various curling matches are recorded, with Monkton v. Troon playing a friendly game on Reed Loch in 1861. Fullarton House Pond played host to a match between Troon Portland v Ayr Albert in 1862.
Cartographic evidence
The 1857 OS map shows the Reed Loch in amongst what is probably willow dominated woodland. The Darley Burn may have fed the loch until it was covered over and diverted. The 1896 Os map shows a very different water body, a large curling pond now covering 2.37 acres and with open water and no woodland. The small building indicated may be a Curling house. By 1958 the OS map shows the curling pond to be overgrown and no longer marked as a curling pond. By the late 1970s the wetland area is shown for some unknown reason as 'Monktonhill Ground'. The 20 metre contour delineates the limit of the old loch to the north and east.
Drainage
The loch's drainage may have begun in the 18th century when Alexander Montgomerie, 10th Earl of Eglinton, was pursuing a number of agricultural improvements on his extensive estates and other landowners were following his example. Old maps show that the Darley Burn once ran through the Fullarton estate as an open water course.
Micro-history
Lochgreen Junction was once located on the nearby railway line. | WIKI |
Juice Jacking: A Continuing Cybersecurity Threat
October 13, 2020 meherkilja No Comments
What is Juice Jacking?
Juice jacking involves cybercriminals installing malware and/or stealing data from devices while they are plugged into public charging stations, the kind often seen in airports, shopping centers, hotels lobbies, and sometimes restaurants. Even plugging a phone in for a minute can allow enough time for personal information to be stolen or malware to be installed. Those who experience juice jacking could end up with a disabled phone, stolen identity, financial ransacking, or even threats to post sensitive material. Juice jacking is not new, but the issue recently gained more attention when the Los Angeles District Attorney’s Office made an announcement warning people to avoid charging stations. They noted that travelers are especially vulnerable because they are the most likely to desperately need a charge and tend to frequent locations that provide charging stations. Luckily, there are a few ways to avoid being juice jacked and some signs for when it might’ve already happened to you.
How to Avoid Juice Jacking
The simplest way to avoid it is by simply not using USB power charging stations. A better option is to plug your own USB into an AC power outlet. Even better is charging from your own portable battery. However, if the charging station cannot be avoided, you can use a data-blocker device, which allows for power to go to your phone, but will not allow data to travel in the other direction. Popular brands include SyncStop or Juice-Jack Defender. A power-only USB cable would do the same thing.
What to Look For if You Might’ve Been Juice Jacked
There usually won’t be any immediate sign that your device has been hacked, but there are a few common indicators to look for after even a few hours. If malware has been installed, it will be acting in the background so you might notice (1) a sudden change in data usage or battery consumption. Also, because this software is acting without your knowledge, you might notice (2) the phone is much hotter than usual or is (3) taking a long time to complete simple tasks. Also (4) seeing any new apps or changes to settings that you didn’t download or make yourself, should raise a serious concern. In that case, you should immediately delete the app and restore factory settings.
Comments closed. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Lin Sing Association
The Lin Sing Association is a Chinese American organization. The goals of the association are to improve the rights and welfare of its members.
Like many Overseas Chinese associations, the Lin Sing Association continues to fly the flag of the Republic of China alongside the U.S. flag, and recognizes it as the legitimate Chinese government as opposed to the People's Republic of China.
History
The Lin Sing Association was established in 1900. Initially, the association rented the top floor of 13 Pell Street, Chinatown, New York as their headquarters. On June 26, 1925, after raising over 70,000 dollars, the association purchased 45-49 Mott Street and moved its headquarters to its current location in 47-49 Mott Street.
Members
The Lin Sing Association is made up of 18 separate organizations. They are:
* Hok Shan Society 鶴山公所
* Tsung Tsin Association 崇正會
* Chung Shan Association 中山同鄉會
* Tung On Association 東安公所
* Yee Shan Benevolent Society 番禺同鄉會
* Nam Shum Association 南順同鄉會
* Sun Wei Association 美國新會同鄉會
* Fay Chaw Merchants Association 惠州工商會
* Hai Nan Association 海南同鄉會
* Hoy Ping Association 開平同鄉會
* Tai Pun Yook Ying Association 大鵬育英社
* Fukien American Association 福建同鄉會
* Sam Kiang Charitable Association 三江公所
* Sze Kong Association 師公工商會
* Tai Look Merchants Association 太陸總商會
* Wah Pei Association 華北同鄉會
* Yan Ping Association 恩平同鄉會 | WIKI |
Page:StVincentsManual.djvu/104
Let thy ears be attentive to the voice of my supplication.
If thou, O Lord, wilt mark iniquities, Lord, who shall stand it?
For with thee there is merciful forgiveness : and by reason of thy law, I have waited for thee, O Lord.
My soul hath relied on his word: my soul hath hoped in the Lord.
From the morning watch even until night, let Israel hope in the Lord.
Because with the Lord there is mercy; and with him plentiful redemption.
And he shall redeem Israel from all his iniquities.
V. Eternal rest give to them, O Lord.
R. And let perpetual light shine upon them.
V. May they rest in peace.
R. Amen.
O God, the Creator and Redeemer of all the faithful, grant to the souls of thy servants departed, the remission of all their sins; that through pious supplications they may obtain that pardon which they have always desired: who livest and reignest with the Father, in the unity of the Holy Ghost, one God, world without end. Amen.
E fly to thy patronage, O holy mother of God, despise not our petitions in our necessities, but deliver us from all dangers, O ever glorious and blessed Virgin.
V. Vouchsafe that we may praise thee, O Blessed Virgin!
R. Give us strength against thy enemies.
Blessed is God in his Saints. Amen.
May the divine assistance, &c.
From the 16th of December to the 2d of February inclusively, say the Litany of the Infant Jesus, instead of the Litany of St. Joseph. Then say the Litany of the Blessed Virgin, &c., as for every night. | WIKI |
Cara Delevingne
Cara Jocelyn Delevingne (born 12 August 1992) is an English model and actress. She signed with Storm Management after leaving school in 2009. Delevingne won Model of the Year at the British Fashion Awards in 2012 and 2014, and has also received three Teen Choice Awards and nominations for a British Independent Film Award and an MTV Movie & TV Award.
Delevingne started her acting career with a minor role in the 2012 film adaptation of Anna Karenina by Joe Wright. Her most notable roles include Margo Roth Spiegelman in the romantic mystery film Paper Towns (2015), the Enchantress in the comic book film Suicide Squad (2016), and Laureline in Luc Besson's Valerian and the City of a Thousand Planets (2017).
Early life
Cara Jocelyn Delevingne was born on 12 August 1992, in Hammersmith, London. Her parents are property developer Charles Hamar Delevingne and his wife Pandora Stevens. She grew up in Belgravia, London, with two older sisters, including Poppy Delevingne, and a paternal half-brother. She has 16 godparents, among them are actress Joan Collins, Eton provost and former Condé Nast International president Sir Nicholas Coleridge, and Annette ‘Scruff’ Howard from Howard family.
Delevingne's maternal grandfather was publishing executive and English Heritage chairman Sir Jocelyn Stevens. Her paternal grandmother was Hon. Angela Delevingne, and her maternal grandmother was Jane Armyne Sheffield, herself a granddaughter of Berkeley Sheffield, 6th Baronet, Sir Lionel Faudel-Phillips, 3rd Baronet, Armyne Gordon of Huntly of Clan Gordon, as well as a desendent of House of de Vere, Orange-Nasseu, French kings, and Anglo-Norman kings. Jane Sheffield was a lady-in-waiting to Princess Margaret.
Delevingne attended the independent Bedales School in Steep, Hampshire from 2003 to 2009. She has dyspraxia and found school challenging. In June 2015, in an interview with Vogue, Delevingne talked about her battle with depression when she was 15: "I was hit with a massive wave of depression and anxiety and self-hatred, where the feelings were so painful that I would slam my head against a tree to try to knock myself out."
2002–2011: Career beginnings and public breakthrough
Delevingne had her first modelling job at age ten in an editorial shot by Bruce Weber for Vogue Italia alongside model Lady Eloise Anson. She signed with Storm Management in 2009. She worked in the industry for a year before booking a paying job and went through two seasons of castings before landing her first runway show.
Delevingne was scouted by Burberry's Christopher Bailey in 2012 while working part-time in the office of a fashion website. Bailey cast her in the company's spring/summer 2011 campaign.
Delevingne's first catwalk appearance was at the February 2011 London Fashion Week, walking for the Burberry Prorsum A/W collection. Later that year, she opened and closed the Burberry Prorsum S/S 2012 collection.
She commenced the early 2012 season by walking in the Chanel Haute-Couture spring show at the Grand Palais.
New York Fashion Week was the first of the "big four" fashion weeks, where Delevingne walked in nine shows for fashion houses including Jason Wu, Rag & Bone, Thakoon, Donna Karan, Tory Burch, Oscar de la Renta and Carolina Herrera. During London Fashion Week, she exclusively walked for the Burberry Prorsum Womenswear A/W 2012 show. She walked in six shows during the Milan Fashion Week, and walked for Fendi, Trussardi, Moschino, Blumarine, DSquared2 and Dolce & Gabbana.
Paris Fashion Week was the final week of Fashion Month, in which she walked in seven shows for Nina Ricci, Sonia Rykiel, Cacharel, Stella McCartney, Paul & Joe, Kenzo and Chanel. This was the beginning of what would turn out to be a longlasting professional relationship with Chanel's head designer and creative director, Karl Lagerfeld. In an interview with Elle after the show, Lagerfeld said, "Cara is different. She's full of life, full of pep. I like girls to be wild but at the same time beautifully brought up and very funny."
The international Fashion Month began again in September 2012, to showcase spring/summer collections for 2013. During New York Fashion Week, she walked for designers including Marc Jacobs, Oscar de la Renta and Marchesa. She walked exclusively for Burberry in London. She followed this appearance by walking in shows for Sass & Bide, Issa, Preen, Topshop, Mary Katrantzou, Giles, and Matthew Williamson.
For Milan Fashion Week, she walked for Moschino, Emilio Pucci, Ermanno Scervino, Ports 1961, Anteprima, Iceberg, Gabriele Colangelo, Anthony Vaccarello, and Just Cavalli. For Paris Fashion Week, she walked for designers such as Cacharel, Louis Vuitton, and Costume National. Over this season she had walked in over 50 shows. Delevingne then went on to appear in the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show on 7 November 2012. She featured in the 'Pink is US' section and walked during Justin Bieber's performance of 'Beauty And A Beat'. The show aired on 4 December 2012.
She took part in the Chanel pre-fall 2013 show in Scotland with the runway around the courtyard of Linlithgow Palace. The collection, designed by Karl Lagerfeld, was called "Paris-Edimbourg" and inspired by Scottish style using tartan fabrics. The show renewed media interest in the possibility of restoring the roof of the palace. Delevingne walked in the Chanel Haute-Couture spring show and followed this up with an appearance in the Valentino Haute Couture show before flying to New York to take part in New York Fashion Week, the first fashion week of the year.
Her first appearance in New York was for Jason Wu. She subsequently walked for Rag & Bone, Tommy Hilfiger, Diane von Furstenberg, Marc by Marc Jacobs, Rodarte, Derek Lam, DKNY, Carolina Herrera, Tory Burch, Jeremy Scott, Oscar de la Renta, Michael Kors, Anna Sui and finally Marc Jacobs' rearranged show, due to a delay in transportation of goods for the show due to the February 2013 nor'easter.
During London Fashion Week, she walked for Sister by Sibling, Issa, Topshop, Mulberry, Matthew Williamson, Peter Pilotto, Burberry, and Giles. After this Delevingne walked in another seven shows at the Milan Fashion Week for Fendi, Ports 1961, DSquared2, Etro, Versace, Iceberg and Pucci. In Paris, Delevingne walked in eleven shows for Katie Grand's collaboration with Tod's Hogan brand, H&M, Lanvin, Vanessa Bruno, Jean Paul Gaultier, John Galliano, Stella McCartney, Yves Saint Laurent, Chanel, Hakaan and Louis Vuitton. Delevingne's association with Katie Grand's collection went further than a catwalk show appearance as Delevingne sung 'I Want Candy' in the mini film called 'Gang', which is the title of the Katie Grand Loves Hogan 2013 collection and the name of the large-format magazine created to celebrate the collaboration. In between the two international catwalk seasons, Delevingne was featured in Chanel's Cruise show which took place in Singapore. It was the first time Chanel had held this event in Asia and was held at the Loewen Cluster at Dempsey Hill, a British army barracks turned Singapore Armed Forces manpower base.
The international fashion weeks began again in September 2013, to showcase spring/summer collections for 2014, in which Delevingne appeared. In London, she walked in five shows. She opened for Mulberry and closed for Burberry and Topshop as well as walking Peter Pilotto and Giles. In Milan, Delevingne only walked for Fendi; she walked in just three shows in Paris for Stella McCartney, Chanel and Valentino. She rounded off the year by again appearing in the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show.
2012–2014: Transition to acting and continued modelling
Delevingne played her first film role in the 2012 film adaptation of Anna Karenina, as Princess Sorokina, the marriage interest of Count Vronsky, alongside Keira Knightley. In August 2013, Delevingne voiced a DJ of a pop radio station in the video game Grand Theft Auto V, which once released became the fastest-selling entertainment product in history.
Delevingne went on to play the part of Melanie in the British psychological thriller film The Face of an Angel, accompanied by Daniel Brühl and Kate Beckinsale. The film received mixed reviews, but many critics commended Delevingne's performance. One such example is The Metro which commented that, "In her first major film role, she proves she can act with a sweet and playful on-screen presence. She brings a sense of vitality that is desperately missing from the rest of the film."
On 24 October 2014, she starred in a sketch for an annual 90-minute comedy TV event called The Feeling Nuts Comedy Night, which aired on Channel 4 and was designed to raise awareness of testicular cancer. A month later, she featured in South African group Die Antwoord's music video for their song "Ugly Boy". Then in December 2014, Delevingne starred in Reincarnation, a short film by Karl Lagerfeld for Chanel alongside Pharrell Williams and Geraldine Chaplin.
In Milan, she opened Fendi's F/W 2014 collection for Karl Lagerfeld, before modelling for Stella McCartney in Paris. Her absence in New York was noticed due to Delevingne going from walking in 'just about every single show out there' to only walking in the Marc Jacobs show in 2013. News outlets wrote headlines such as, "Will Cara Delevingne Walk in New York Fashion Week?" in the run up to the fashion week.
Delevingne appeared in a Burberry fragrance advertisement alongside British supermodel Kate Moss.
In the second international fashion month, she opened and closed Topshop's 'Unique S/S 15' collection in London, before going to Milan, where she also opened the Fendi S/S 15 show. In Paris, she walked in four shows for Givenchy, Yves Saint Laurent, Chanel and Stella McCartney. She finished 2014 with the Metiers d'Art Pre-Fall 2015/2016 collection showcase. The event was held at the Hotel Schloss Leopoldskron in Salzburg, Austria.
On 10 March, Delevingne closed the showcase of Chanel's Paris-Salzberg collection and closed a reshow of the collection in New York on 31 March.
In 2015, Delevingne appeared in advertisements for YSL Beauté, co-starring French model Cindy Bruna. She also appeared in advertisements for DKNY (including a menswear campaign), Tag Heuer, Penshoppe, Pepe Jeans, Burberry, Alexander Wang, and Mango reuniting with Kate Moss.
Delevingne appeared on a solo cover of Vogue, as well as The Wall Street Journal, and Love alongside Kendall Jenner, among others.
In 2016, Delevingne became the face of Rimmel alongside Kate Moss and Georgia May Jagger.
She continued appearing in ads for Burberry, Tag Heuer, Chanel, Marc Jacobs, YSL, and Puma.
In 2017, Delevingne appeared on the cover of the online magazine The Edit by luxury fashion retailer Net-a-Porter. She also appeared on the cover of Glamour, V, British GQ, Vogue Paris, Elle UK, Elle Australia, and Glamour Germany. She began appearing in Dior Beauty advertisements.
In June 2014, Delevingne made her TV debut opposite veteran British actress Sylvia Syms in the final episode of Playhouse Presents. This was a series of self-contained TV plays, made by British broadcaster Sky Arts.
In January 2014, Delevingne opened and closed the Chanel Haute Couture Spring 2014 show.
2015–present: Acting breakthrough and modelling hiatus
It was noted by many that Delevingne had started to become more selective with the shows she appeared in. This was the beginning of the decrease in volume of catwalk roles, the cause of which at the time was put down to her expanding acting career. However, in a Time essay published in 2016, Delevingne explained the real cause for the decrease of show appearances:
"It's taken time, but now I realize that work isn't everything and success comes in many forms. I've opened my mind, and now I embrace new things with a childlike curiosity. I'm spending more time doing the stuff I love. And I've been able to do better work because of it."
In February 2015, Delevingne appeared in ASAP Ferg's music video for his song Dope Walk. Later in May 2015, she was also in Taylor Swift's star studded "Bad Blood" music video which went on to break Vevo's 24-hour viewing record, with 20.1 million views in its day of release.
Delevingne co-starred in the adaptation of John Green's novel Paper Towns (2015) as Margo Roth Spiegelman. The film brought in $12,650,140 on the opening weekend in the US, which placed it 6th at the box office. Rotten Tomatoes' critical consensus reads, "Paper Towns isn't as deep or moving as it wants to be, yet it's still earnest, well-acted, and thoughtful enough to earn a place in the hearts of teen filmgoers of all ages." Of Delevingne's performance, Justin Chang of Variety called her "the real find of the film", suggesting that "on the evidence of her work here, this striking actress [sic] is here to stay".
She played a mermaid in the 2015 fantasy film Pan. In 2016, Delevingne co-starred as Enchantress, a villainess with magical abilities, in Suicide Squad, an action film based on the DC comic book series of the same name. The film was released to generally negative reviews, although it was a box office success. Delevingne's performance received mixed reviews from critics.
The film Kids in Love, a British coming of age drama, was released in 2016. The cast includes many up and coming young actors, with Will Poulter and Alma Jodorowsky as lead roles alongside Sebastian de Souza and Delevingne who plays the role of Viola.
Delevingne starred with Dane DeHaan and Rihanna in the Luc Besson film Valerian and the City of a Thousand Planets, an adaptation of the comic book series Valérian and Laureline. The film began shooting in December 2015, and was released in July 2017.
Delevingne plays Annetje in the period romance film Tulip Fever. She also plays the role of Kath Talent in the film London Fields, based on the 1989 novel of the same name by Martin Amis.
The Amazon Prime Video fantasy steampunk series Carnival Row features Delevingne in the female lead role (opposite Orlando Bloom) as Vignette Stonemoss, a faerie war refugee. In 2022, she joined the cast of Only Murders in the Building for its second season.
Other ventures
In October 2017, Delevingne made her debut as a novelist of young adult fiction with her book Mirror, Mirror, which contains an LGBT theme, co-written with British writer Rowan Coleman.
Delevingne sings and plays the drums and guitar. Over 2011 and 2012, Delevingne wrote and recorded two albums of music under artist manager Simon Fuller and was subsequently offered a record deal. However, she turned the deal down due to the fact that her name would be changed. In 2013, she recorded an acoustic duet cover version of Sonnentanz with British soul and jazz singer-songwriter Will Heard. She covered The Strangeloves "I Want Candy" in the mini film called Gang, which was the title of the 2013 A/W Katie Grand Loves Hogan collection and the name of the large-format magazine created to celebrate the collaboration.
In 2020, Delevingne - together with her older sisters Chloe and Poppy - launched Della Vite, a line of vegan Prosecco.
In December 2022, Delevingne featured in her series Planet Sex for BBC Three, shown over six episodes, exploring sexuality including her own, in various worldwide locations.
From 11 March 2024, Delevigne will make her stage debut taking over as Sally Bowles in the West End musical Cabaret at the Kit Kat Club (Playhouse Theatre) opposite Luke Treadaway as the Emcee for 12 weeks.
Fashion
Delevingne teamed up with Pharrell Williams to make the song "CC the World", which was used for the short Chanel film Reincarnation in which both Pharrell and Delevingne star. This was released to the public on 1 December 2014. The duo performed the song before a live audience for the Chanel show at the Park Avenue Armory in New York City in March 2015. On 28 July 2017, Delevingne released the music video for her song "I Feel Everything" from Valerian and the City of a Thousand Planets. Delevingne's background vocals are featured on the song "Pills" from the 2017 studio album, Masseduction, by American musician St. Vincent, whom Delevingne previously dated from 2014 to 2016. Her backing vocals are featured on the title track of Fiona Apple's 2020 album, Fetch the Bolt Cutters. Delevingne has designed two fashion collections for DKNY and Mulberry. Her DKNY capsule collection featured a variety of sporty street style items ranging from beanie hats to leather jackets. DKNY described the collection as "mostly unisex". The collection took approximately two years from the first announcement to when it was released on 15 October 2014.
Delevingne has also designed four collections for Mulberry featuring rucksacks and handbags. The collection also consisted of purses, iPad sleeves, phone covers, zipped pouches, and passport holders. The fourth and latest collection was released 3 June 2015.
Public image
Delevingne's naturally thick eyebrows are considered her signature look, and she has been credited with popularizing bold eyebrows as a beauty trend of the 2010s.
Delevingne was named by the Evening Standard as one of London's "1,000 Most Influential People of 2011", in the category Most Invited. In 2013, the Evening Standard also ranked her 20th on their "Power 1000" list "because of her domination of the catwalks at London Fashion Week and her huge social media following". The same year, Delevingne was the most googled fashion figure and the most re-blogged model on Tumblr.
In March 2014, Delevingne was included in The Sunday Times Magazine's "100 Makers of the 21st Century" list of influential British people. Later that year, she was ranked sixth on the "World's Highest-Paid Models" list by Forbes, earning an estimated US$3.5 million (£2.7 million). By 2015, she had moved up to second on this list, earning $9 million (£7 million).
Delevingne has also appeared twice in categories run by AskMen, ranking at number 13 on their "Top 99 Most Desirable Women" list in 2014 and at number 40 on their "Crush List: Top 99 Women" in 2016.
Personal life
Delevingne openly identifies as bisexual and pansexual. In June 2015, she confirmed that she was in a relationship with American musician St. Vincent. They separated in September 2016. In May 2018, Delevingne came out as genderfluid. She uses she/her pronouns. In June 2019, she confirmed that she was in a relationship with actress and model Ashley Benson. In April 2020, the couple split after two years of dating. Delevingne has been dating musician Leah Mason, also known as Minke, since 2022.
Delevingne is a self-described animal lover. Following the killing of Cecil the lion in 2015, she auctioned off her personal TAG Heuer watch in aid of wildlife conservation, raising £18,600 for WildCRU.
She founded EcoResolution, an environmental justice platform with Advaya and has given speeches about climate change and supported stronger environmental regulation. She supports making ecocide a crime at the International Criminal Court stating “mass damage and destruction of nature is called ecocide and it should be an international crime, just like genocide."
In 2021, Delevingne joined the Rewriting Extinction campaign to fight the climate and biodiversity crisis through comics. She co-created at least one short story comic which was released in the book The Most Important Comic Book on Earth: Stories to Save the World on 28 October 2021 by DK. She said about the campaign, "Through storytelling, community building and action we rewrite the cultural narratives driving extinction."
At the Women in the World summit in October 2015, Delevingne spoke about her battle with depression, which began at age 15, when she discovered her mother's drug addiction. The following year, she left school for six months and agreed to go on medication, which she said may have saved her life. In 2017, on This Morning, she revealed that she also has ADHD.
In October 2017, Delevingne alleged that circa 2016, producer Harvey Weinstein sexually harassed her, attempted to kiss her without consent, and propositioned her for a threesome in a hotel room in exchange for a role. Despite declining, she was still cast in the film, but says she regretted it because his actions terrified her. The Weinstein Company produced the 2017 film Tulip Fever, which starred Delevingne. She also alleges that circa 2014, he told her she would never work as an actress in Hollywood because of her sexuality.
In a 2023 interview, she said she had become sober for the previous few months, and that during recovery she followed a twelve-step program.
Delevingne has several tattoos. Her first tattoo was a lion on her finger, representing her zodiac sign of Leo. She has a tattoo of her lucky number, the Roman numeral XII, on her side under her right arm, and "MADE IN ENGLAND" on the sole of her left foot. She has said that her most important tattoo is the elephant on her right arm, in memory of her late grandmother. Her initials "CJD" are on her hand. She has a diamond on her ear and a Southern cross around her ear; a white dove on her finger; "silence" on her wrist; a sak yant on her back; a snake on her hand; a pair of eyes on her neck; family coat of arms on her ribcage; her mother's name on her biceps muscle; "breathe deep" on her other biceps; "bacon..." under her foot; a DD monogram on her hip, symbolising her friendship with fellow model Jourdan Dunn; a wasp on her finger; "don't worry be happy" on her sternum; a heart on her finger; and a smiley face on her toe.
2024 house fire
In the early hours of 15 March 2024, Delevingne's home in Studio City, Los Angeles, caught fire. Ninety-four firefighters from the city of Los Angeles responded to the call but the property was declared a total loss. A firefighter and a person who was in the house were injured, but Delevingne's two cats made it out alive; Delevingne was not at the mansion at the time of the fire. The following day, it was revealed that the cause of the fire was most likely "electrical". | WIKI |
How can the associations like magic function when just the models are changed?
Basically desire a "has__and___goes___to__many" relationship, what must i title the table (so Rails may use it) that consists of the 2 foreign secrets?
This is guaranteed as you're following "Convention over Configuration".
Should you condition that the customer model has numerous orders then rails needs there to become a customer_id area around the orders table.
For those who have adopted these conventions then rails uses them and can have the ability to build the required SQL to locate all of the orders for any given customer.
Should you consider the development.log file when you're working on your application you'll have the ability to begin to see the necessary SQL being created to choose all orders for any given customer.
Rails doesn't create tables without you asking it to. The development of tables is accomplished by producing a migration developingOrmodify tables for you personally. Because you produce a customer model after which condition there it has_many :orders won't create an orders table. You will have to do this on your own inside a migration to produce an orders table. Within that migration you will have to either give a customer_id column or make use of the goes_to: customer statement to obtain the customer_id area put into the orders table.
Short answer: You cannot just tell the models that they are related there need to be posts within the database for this too.
Whenever you setup related models, Rails assumes you've adopted a convention which enables it to obtain the stuff you authored. This is what happens:
1. You place in the tables.
Following conventions in Rails, you title the table inside a particular, foreseeable way (a plural noun, e.g. people). Within this table, if you have rapport to a different table, you need to create that column and title it in another foreseeable way (e.g. bank_account_id, if you are relevant towards the bank_accounts table).
2. You are writing one class getting from ActiveRecord::Base
class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
Whenever you instantiate one of these simple models, the ActiveRecord::Base constructor compares the title from the class, converts it to lowercase and pluralizes it. Here, by reading through Person, it yields people, the title on the table we produced earlier. Now ActiveRecord knows where you'll get all the details in regards to a person, also it can browse the SQL output to determine exactly what the posts are.
3. You add associations towards the model: has_many, belongs_to or has_one.
Whenever you type something similar to, has_many :bank_accounts, it assumes a couple of things:
1. The title from the model that you simply connect with is BankAccount (from camel-casing :bank_accounts).
2. The title from the column within the people table which describes a banking account is bank_account_id (from singularizing :bank_accounts).
3. Because the relationship is has_many, ActiveRecord knows to provide you with techniques like john.bank_accounts, using plural names for things.
Putting all that together, ActiveRecord understands how to make SQL queries that provides you with an individual's accounts. It knows how to locate everything, since you adopted a naming convention it knows whenever you produced the table and it is colums.
Among the neat reasons for Ruby is you can run techniques on the whole class, and individuals techniques can also add other techniques to some class. That is what has_many and buddies do.
The rails guide with this is fairly helpful | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Tag: Maven
How to Create a Spark REST API With jOOQ
I’ve been testing a ton of frameworks lately – good and otherwise. One of them, the Java micro framework Spark , really amazed me with its simplicity and rapid development capabilities. In this article, we’ll examine an example of Spark’s usefulness by creating a REST API.So, without further ado, let’s see how to store, retrieve, update and delete some information in a PostgreSQL database using jOOQ ORM over a RESTful API in a simple To-do app.
Generate jOOQ Classes With Vertabelo and Maven
jOOQ provides an easy way to automate the process of generating the java classes that represent database tables, records, etc. via thejooq-codegen-mavenplugin. This time we let Maven worry about downloading the required JAR files and generating Java code that lets you build typesafe SQL queries through jOOQ’s fluent API.There are two ways to generate ready to use Java classes with Maven and Vertabelo: Generate jOOQ classes via Vertabelo XML | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Vancouver/City Centre
The City Centre, also known as the Central Business District, is the heart of Vancouver's downtown and contains the city's Financial District, the Granville Entertainment district, and many of its hotels, clubs and historical buildings. For the visitor, it's a good base from which to explore Vancouver because of its easy access to public transit, shops and restaurants. And if you want to sample Vancouver's cuisine or nightlife, or take in the mountains and harbour, it's a great place to be.
Get in
See Vancouver for options to get in the Vancouver area by plane, by bus, and by train, and by boat.
The City Centre is the destination for most transit users, so it's not much of a stretch to say most roads, buses and trains lead here.
By boat
Cruise ships travelling from Alaska, Washington, California, and Mexico, arrive a Canada Place (see listing under Architecture section), which is adjacent to Waterfront station.
At the north end of downtown, SeaBus, a part TransLink's public transit network, which travels between downtown (Waterfront station) and North Vancouver (Lonsdale Quay).
South of downtown, in False Creek, both Aquabus and False Creek Ferries provide similar routes serving Yaletown and False Creek, including Science World and the Olympic Village, with connections to Granville Island and Kitsilano (this destination only by False Creek Ferries). Fares range between $2.50 and $6.50, depending on the distance traveled.
By car
Driving into and around downtown isn't usually a problem outside of rush hour, but it can be a nuisance (particularly parking), so your best bet is to leave your car outside of the city centre to take public transit. If you drive, Georgia Street is the main street through the CBD. It continues on through Stanley Park and the West End and across the Lions Gate Bridge to the North Shore. Access from the south is by bridge over False Creek (the Burrard, Granville and Cambie bridges). All of them will lead downtown so just take the one closest to you.
Parking downtown is as you would expect for a city centre: expensive and, at times, hard to find. Expect to pay between $12-25/day for parking in a parkade. On-street parking meters are in effect from 9AM-10PM, 7 days a week. Many of the streets become no parking zones during rush hour.
Get around
There are plenty of bike rental stores in the area, from which there's easy access to the seawall and Stanley Park.
By public transit
Passengers can pay for fares using Compass Cards ($6 refundable deposit), Compass Tickets, or tap-to-pay using contactless credit cards (only American Express, Mastercard or Visa) or mobile wallets. Passengers using Compass Cards and Compass Tickets pay discounted fares. Passengers can transfer for up to 90 minutes, except if taking West Coast Express, in which case they can transfer for up to 120 minutes. On bus and HandyDART, passengers can also pay in cash, but in that case will not receive change and are not eligible for transfers.Zone based fares apply between Monday and Friday for trips starting before 6:30 pm, if travel involves SkyTrain or SeaBus. Outside of those hours or for travel on only bus or HandyDART, a single zone rate applies. If traveling by West Coast Express, a higher cost zone based fare system applies regardless of time of travel.Children 12 and under can ride for free. People aged 13 to 18, and 65 and older pay discounted concession fares.
By SkyTrain and bus
SkyTrain operates the Expo Line and Canada Line into this neighbourhood, terminating at Waterfront station. The Expo Line travels to Vancouver's downtown, Gastown-Chinatown, Yaletown-False Creek and East Van, and beyond Vancouver to Burnaby, New Westminster, and Surrey. The Canada Line travels to Vancouver's City Centre, Yaletown-False Creek, Mount Pleasant and South Vancouver, and beyond Vancouver to Vancouver International Airport and Richmond.
is the main hub (Cordova, at the foot of Granville St), with SkyTrain's Expo Line, SkyTrain's Canada Line, Seabus, and many bus routes terminating there. A large number of buses also pickup outside (corner of Burrard & Dunsmuir Sts) on the Expo Line, including those to Vancouver's Kitsilano. Most north-south bus routes pass by (Expo Line) and (Canada Line), which are stations across the street from each other. If travelling from North Vancouver or West Vancouver, buses travel by Burrard station, Granville station, and Vancouver City Centre station.
See
* Vancouver Public Library<PHONE_NUMBER>6).jpg
* 2018-01-22 Robson Square<PHONE_NUMBER>4).jpg
* Vancouver Public Library<PHONE_NUMBER>6).jpg
* 2018-01-22 Robson Square<PHONE_NUMBER>4).jpg
Architecture
While Vancouver may not be famous for its architecture, the City Centre is home to some unique buildings both new and old.
* Vancouver Marine Building.jpg
* Vancouver Marine Building.jpg
* Vancouver Marine Building.jpg
Do
Eat
The different parts of the City Centre have diverse characteristics. The central business district has, as you would expect, a high number of coffee shops and lunch places, the West End has a wide variety of restaurants, Yaletown has a number of high-end restaurants and Chinatown has many Chinese restaurants. Some of the best Japanese food outside of Japan is in Vancouver and its Cantonese and Korean offerings are also reputable.
Budget
Drink
Many of Vancouver's nightclubs are located in the Entertainment District along Granville Street from Robson to the Granville Street Bridge.
Sleep
The city centre has a wide range of accommodation options to suit every traveller's budget and style, but it's definitely tilted towards the higher end. Independent, boutique and chain hotels are all there so shop around and you will probably find something that suits your needs. The most expensive hotels tend to be in the main business district — between Georgia and the waterfront — with the priciest overlooking the harbour and mountains. Cheaper options tend to be more to the edge of the city centre, closer to False Creek and Yaletown. Hostels are located near the nightspots: along Granville Street or near Gastown.
Prices noted below are generally for the summer season when rates are most expensive.
Budget
If you plan to stay in a hostel downtown, it is probably better to ensure it is located west of Main Street and caters mainly to backpackers (tourists on a budget). Staying downtown keeps much of the frequently visited spots in walking distance. If you plan to find a cheap (significantly less than $90) hotel downtown, be aware that it is likely to be located in the "East Side", infamous for its prostitution and drug problems.
Go next
* Gastown & Chinatown
* Kitsilano & Granville Island
* Stanley Park & the West End
* Yaletown & False Creek | WIKI |
Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 28.djvu/226
Hume and economical conditions of the time (see Appendix to James I) were then an original addition to mere political history. The dignity and clearness of the style are admirable. The book thus became, as it long continued to be, the standard history of England, and has hardly been equalled in literary merit. Hume speaks of the offence taken by the whigs at his political attitude, and in later editions he made alterations, he says, ‘invariably to the tory side.’ Such heresy struck whigs as something monstrous in a philosopher who had discussed abstract political principles in his essays with calm impartiality. Hume, like all philosophers, had strong prejudices. His strongest feeling was love of the intellectual culture represented for him by the royalists, and hatred of the superstitious bigotry of which the puritans had bequeathed a large portion, as he thought, to the contemporary Scottish vulgar. His fervent patriotism was intensified by the aristocratic contempt for men of letters ascribed to the ‘barbarians on the banks of the Thames’ (ib. ii. 196), and by the English abuse of the Scots at the time of Bute's ministry. He despised Wilkes, and even Chatham, as mouthpieces of a brutal mob, and returned the English abuse in kind. He held that the Americans were unconquerable, and wished that government would crush demagogues instead of trying to crush the colonists (see passages on Hume's dislike of the English ‘barbarians,’ collected in, p.57).
Hume's scepticism, like that of many contemporaries, was purely esoteric. He never expected it to influence practice, either in political or ecclesiastical matters. The strangest illustration is in his letter advising a young sceptic to take anglican orders, because ‘it was paying too great a respect for the vulgar to pique oneself on sincerity with regard to them,’ and wishing that he could still be ‘a hypocrite in this particular’ (, ii. 187, 188). The frankness of the avowal half redeems his cynicism. No one, therefore, was less inclined to proselytise. He was on friendly terms with nearly all the remarkable circle of eminent writers then in Edinburgh, including many of the clergy and ‘Jupiter’ Carlyle. Burton states that the letters preserved in the Royal Society confute the assertion that any of them expressed sympathy with Hume's scepticism. His thorough good nature, as well as his indifference, prevented him from obtruding his opinions upon any who did not sympathise; while no man was a heartier friend or more warmly appreciative of merit—especially in Scotsmen. He was a member of the Poker Club, a convivial meeting of the Edinburgh literary circle (, p.83;, pp. 419-23), secretary in 1752 to the Philosophical Society (founded in 1739), afterwards (1783) superseded by the Royal Society, and a member of the Select Society, founded in 1754 to encourage pure English (, pp. 83-101).
He was, indeed, regarded with some suspicion. In 1754 he was censured by the curators of the library for buying the ‘Contes’ of La Fontaine, Bussy-Rabutin's ‘Histoire Amoureuse des Gaules,’ and Crébillon's ‘L'Ecumoire,’ which were ‘indecent’ and ‘unworthy of a place in a learned library.’ Burton says truly that the resolution was absurd. The books are now in every library of any pretensions to be ‘learned.’ Hume withdrew an application for redress, as certain not to succeed; and decided to retain the office (which he resigned, however, in 1757), while giving a bond for the salary to Thomas Blacklock, the blind poet. He was for many years an energetic friend to Blacklock, although the poet's orthodox friend, Spence, carefully sank any notice of Hume's name in his appeals for patronage [see under Blacklock, Thomas (DNB00)]. Hume was soon afterwards attacked by George Anderson, who in 1753 had written a pamphlet called ‘An Estimate of the Profit and Loss of Religion,’ directed against Kames's ‘Essays on the Principles of Morality and Natural Religion’ [see ]. Kames though a personal friend of Hume, differed from Hume's theological scepticism. They were, however, joint objects of attack in a pamphlet of unknown authorship published in 1755, ‘An Analysis of the … Sentiments … of Sopho [Kames] and David Hume,’ addressed to the general assembly. Hugh Blair [q.v.] wrote in Kames's defence, but the assembly in, the same year passed a resolution denouncing the ‘immorality and infidelity … openly avowed in several books published of late in this country.’ In a committee of the assembly in 1756 it was proposed to transmit to the assembly a resolution in which Hume was named as the avowed author of attacks upon Christianity, natural religion, and the foundations of morality, ‘if not establishing direct atheism,’ and to appoint a committee to inquire into his writings. This was rejected, however, by 50 to 17 votes, and the matter dropped with Anderson's death, 19 Oct. following (, pp.40-80, gives the fullest account of these proceedings).
During the execution of the history Millar proposed that Hume should translate Plutarch, and afterwards suggested that he should take some part in a new weekly paper (, i. 421). Hume declined the newspaper project, which would have involved settling | WIKI |
There are two event types in Kubernetes:
• Normal events
• Warning events
See Application Introspection and Debugging for more information on Kubernetes events. AppDynamics reports a subset of these as Cluster Events. They are comprised of Kubernetes warning events and important informational notices concerning state changes in the cluster. An example of a state change is a pod transitioning from a pending to a running state.
This document contains links to Kubernetes documentation. AppDynamics makes no representation as to the accuracy of Kubernetes documentation because Kubernetes controls its own documentation.
Cluster Event of type warning displays a yellow warning icon. When a Pod, Replicaset, or Deployment gets added, updated, or deleted, otherwise known as a state change, the Cluster Agent reports it as an Info type event and displays a blue info icon.
To access Cluster Event data:
1. Click the Servers tab.
2. On the navigation bar, select Events. A panel displays a list of events that have been reported from both servers and clusters. To check for specific events, you can use the Filters option.
3. Click Add to add a filter and select the desired filters from the available list.
4. Click Apply. The list of events is filtered to show only the selected events.
5. Double-click the individual Cluster Event. A dialog displays showing a Cluster Event summary.
Cluster Event Summary and Logs
The Logs tab displays the log details. See Enable Log Collection for Failing Pods.
6. Click X to close the dialog. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
amoeba
(redirected from amoebas)
Also found in: Dictionary, Medical, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.
Related to amoebas: ameba, amoebiasis, Diatoms
• noun
Synonyms for amoeba
naked freshwater or marine or parasitic protozoa that form temporary pseudopods for feeding and locomotion
References in periodicals archive ?
In addition to Amoeba Management, Inamori wrote A Passion For Success in 1995, For People - And For Profit in 1997, and A Compass to Fulfillment in 2009, which have collectively sold approximately 3 million copies worldwide.
He and Jacqueline Thomas of the University of New South Wales in Sydney report on amoebas as a"yet unquantified emerging health risk" in the Feb.
One such commonality is that farming occurs in societies," Aanen says, a pattern reinforced by the social amoebas.
The discovery could provide a molecular link between the bacteria-eating behavior of single-celled amoebas and similar behavior by cells of animals' immune systems.
A species of amoeba seems to possess a rudimentary form of memory that keeps it from walking around in circles.
Though microscopic, amoebas normally are shaped like "a piece of chewing gum that's been chewed," says Sharon G.
Graduate students working with Elisha Moses at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel, were attempting to record the mechanics of normal cell division of amoebas cultured in laboratory flasks.
However, amoebas ate few beads treated with A-factor and rejected them entirely when concentrations of the peptide became too high.
Some of the fossils from Victoria Island are bacteria, but many represent larger, eukaryotic cells--the branch on the tree of life that harbors all animals, plants, fungi, and a vast microcosm of single-celled protists including amoebas and paramecia.
From amoebas to humans, many animals can become cannibalistic under the right circumstances.
Their maps show blobs slinking across the ocean like amoebas on a microscope slide.
Smaller, rounder versions of the freshwater amoebas studied by high school students, they ooze through the cloudy fluid, eating specks of ground rice.
Homemade saline solutions--made by dissolving salt tablets in water--are not sterile, they point out, even when made with distilled water, and can quickly become overgrown with potentially infectious bacteria and amoebas.
Scientists think these amoebas use enzymes to eat a hole in a victim's cell wall before extracting the cell's contents or even slipping through the opening to eat the cell from the inside out.
The invention's unique design insures that its users' noses are protected from intrusion by potentially deadly amoebas. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Gilbert O. Wymond Jr.
Gilbert O. Wymond Jr. (1919–1949) was a United States Army Air Forces fighter pilot during World War II with service overseas in Africa and Italy campaigns. He was noted for his feature role in the filming of the documentary Thunderbolt (1947).
Early life
Gilbert Osborne Wymond Jr. was born on September 23, 1919, in Louisville, Kentucky, to Gilbert Osborne Wymond and Lucille Graham Wymond. After attending the University of Kentucky for two years, on April 25, 1941, he enlisted in the Aviation Cadet Program of the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC).
Military career
Wymond was commissioned a second lieutenant in the USAAC, and on December 12, 1941, awarded his pilot wings at Kelly Field, Texas, five days after the Attack on Pearl Harbor. His first assignment from December 1941 to July 1942 was as a fighter pilot, flying Curtiss P-40 Warhawks with the 65th Fighter Squadron of the 57th Fighter Group at Bradley Field, Trumbull Field and Rentschler Field, Connecticut.
Overseas service
Wymond deployed with his squadron aboard the aircraft carrier USS Ranger (CV-4). He took off from the carrier on July 19, 1942, landing at Accra in the Gold Coast before moving to Cairo, Egypt in August 1942. Between August 1942 and May 1945, promoted to a captain and later, major and lieutenant colonel, Wymond moved with his squadron through Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Malta, Sicily and Italy. During this period, the squadron transitioned from the P-40 to the Republic P-47 Thunderbolt.
During Wymond's operational deployment, he served as commanding officer of the 65th Fighter Squadron from May 13, 1943, to May 1945, with short periods on leave in the United States from July to September 1943, and May to June 1944. He flew 153 combat missions, and was credited with the destruction of three enemy aircraft, plus two probables, in aerial combat. His first Hun Hunter was P-40F 41-13947, and by the end of the war, Wymond was flying his 16th aircraft name "Hun Hunter XVI", a P-47D 44-90460.
For his action on May 2, 1944, Wymond was awarded the Silver Star. On part, the citation reads: "For gallantry in action as pilot of a P-47 aircraft ... at Rignano, Italy, Lieutenant Colonel Wymond observed activity in a concentration of factory buildings near Montevescala. Immediately leaving his formation, Lieutenant Colonel Wymond dived to minimum altitude in attack and as his accurate fire struck the objective, a tremendous explosion resulted destroying a factory containing large quantities of enemy ammunition. Displaying superior flying skill, Lieutenant Colonel Wymond regained control of his shattered plane and returned safely to base. His courage, selfless devotion to duty and outstanding proficiency as a combat pilot reflect great credit upon himself and the Military Service of the United States."
Wymond was recognized in an article in the February 2002 issue of Air Classics by the former armament chief of the 65th FS with being an early driving force in the development of the Thunderbolt from a high altitude escort fighter into the premier fighter-bomber of World War II.
In 1944, Wymond, at 24 years of age, and a Lt Col, took part in the filming of Thunderbolt, (released in 1947). The film was directed by William Wyler and John Sturges and documented the American aerial operations of Operation Strangle in World War II, when flyers of the Twelfth Air Force based on Corsica successfully impeded Axis supply lines to the Gustav Line and Anzio beachhead.
Postwar
After the war, Wymond completed jet transition training in the Lockheed F-80 Shooting Star and attended Air Command and Staff College at Maxwell AFB, Alabama. Lt Col Wymond took command of the 55th Fighter Squadron at Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina, in April 1949. Wymond was killed in the crash of his Republic F-84 Thunderjet on May 11, 1949. | WIKI |
Talk:Old Hume Highway
Merge with Hume Highway?
I can't quite see why this is not merged with the Hume Highway article - doesn't seem to have material that couldn't be incorporated there--Golden Wattle talk 10:08, 2 November 2006 (UTC)
I don't think it should be merged to the Hume Highway article, that article is already quite long and would then be made even longer. Maintaining this article helps to document the rich history of the Hume Highway. Ajayvius 09:48, 20 March 2007 (UTC)
Further to my last comment, I note that unfortunately the 'history' section of this article is out of kilter in that it seems to focus on the construction of new roadway. In that sense there is significant overlap with the Hume Highway article, however I believe with appropriate editing the articles can again become appropriately distinct. Ajayvius 09:53, 20 March 2007 (UTC) | WIKI |
South Africa's rand continues to tumble on central bank worries
JOHANNESBURG, June 7 (Reuters) - South Africa’s rand fell again early on Friday, reaching a new 2019 low as assurances by the ruling African National Congress about the independence of the central bank did little to ease nerves about economic policy. At 0640 GMT, the rand was 0.63% weaker at 15.0900 per dollar, bring losses since Monday to nearly 5% as a public spat among senior ANC officials over the Reserve Bank’s mandate added to the bad news of a contraction to the economy. The row has exposed deep divisions within the ANC. A group loyal to President Cyril Ramaphosa opposes calls from a rival faction for the bank to do more to boost employment and kick-start growth in the country’s ailing economy. Data on Tuesday showed first-quarter growth contracted 3.2%, the most in a decade, almost immediately followed by the ANC’s announcement that it wanted the bank to consider quantitative easing to lower government debts, sending the rand crashing. A U.S. jobs report due later is expected to support the case for an interest rate cut by the Federal Reserve. Emerging- market currencies would benefit as yield-hunting investors looked for higher returns. Bonds were also weaker, with the yield on the 10-year government bond at 8.535%. (Reporting by Mfuneko Toyana, editing by Larry King) | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
User:Nwalke/projectchoices
Here are my top three project choices
* 1) Knock Knock
* 2) 3D printer
* 3) Stand Beast | WIKI |
Friday, January 25, 2013
HIV Patient With Confusion and Disorientation
Clinical Vignette: A 42-year-old HIV-seropositive man presents to Casualty with a two-week history global headache. His partner
says that he has become increasingly confused and disorientated. The patient's latest CD4 count, taken three weeks ago, was 50 cells/mm3. He had chosen not to take antiretroviral therapy, but was taking co-trimoxazole as prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
On examination he had mild weakness of his left arm and leg in all muscle groups and a right homonymous hemianopia. Fundoscopy was normal with no evidence of papilloedema.
A CT scan of his brain showed several areas of low attenuation in both cerebral hemispheres, but there was no enhancement with contrast and no mass effect. What is the most likely diagnosis?
1. Cerebral lymphoma
2. Cerebral toxoplasmosis
3. HIV encephalopathy
4. Neurosyphilis
5. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
Answer to clinical vignette|case: (5)
The most likely diagnosis is Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a demyelinating disease
seen in advanced HIV/AIDS and caused by the JC virus.
Cerebral lymphoma and cerebral toxoplasmosis are often associated with mass effect on CT brain scanning. In CNS lymphoma there is usually a solitary lesion. Cerebral toxoplasmosis is frequently associated with multiple lesions that show ring enhancement with iv contrast.
HIV encephalopathy may be associated with confusion, but is not associated with this CT appearance.
This is not a typical presentation of neurosyphilis in any of its forms. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Infinite Dimensional Random Dynamical Systems and Their Applications
• Franco Flandoli
Università di Pisa, Italy
• Peter E. Kloeden
Universität Frankfurt, Germany
• Andrew M. Stuart
University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
Abstract
The theory of random dynamical systems presented in the monograph of Ludwig Arnold (Random Dynamical Systems, Springer-Verlag, 1998) has given rise to completely new understanding of the dynamics of stochastic differential equations and has been particularly successful for finite dimensional systems when applied to specific examples. Many of the ideas and results can be generalized to infinite dimensional random dynamical systems. Here the theory meets the field of stochastic partial differential equations (SPDE) which is an active area of recent research with strong connections with relevant problems of physics. SPDEs are used to model climate dynamics, turbulence, porous media, random surface motions and many other systems of physical interest. Asymptotic properties analyzed by the theory of random dynamical systems like invariant measures, attractors, stability, are of clear importance for the understanding of the long time behavior of these systems. Numerical simulation, system reduction and parameter estimations are other related topics of interest.
The aim of this workshop was to gather experts of SPDE and random dynamical systems, some of them more physically or numerically oriented, other with more theoretical experience, in order to exchange their ideas about the state of the art and the main open problems they investigate.
1. Structure and style of the talks
We had 25 one-hour lectures. Most of the participants gave a talk and three speakers gave very short series of talks.
The short series, devoted to Lévy noise driven equations (Zabczyk), stochastic porous media equations (Röckner), stabilization by noise and random attractors (Crauel) have been devised as an introduction to new emerging research directions or fundamental topics of general interest for the participants.
All the other single talks were allowed to be one-hour long in order to offer each speaker the possibility to introduce more smoothly the subjects and give more details. The result of this choice, as generally acknowledged by the participants, has been that it was possible to learn more than usual from the talks and ask freely a lot of questions. Having a good 10 minutes of time at the end of each talk meant that an unusually large number of questions could be asked and the speakers had adequate time to answer them with the necessary details.
2. Topics of the lectures
The full list of talks is reported below in detail, so here we limit ourselves to group them following different conceptual lines, with some repetition.
Applications in Physics. Analysis of models and questions of interest for Physics has been part of the presentations of several authors. Röckner devoted his lectures to porous media equations and proved, for instance, an extinction property as an example of self-organized criticality. Kuksin considered KdV equations perturbed by noise and the zero-noise limit problem, proved an averaging result for action/angle variables and identified the physical invariant measure of the deterministic KdV equation. Kotelenez revised Einstein theory of Brownian motion in the case of two or more large particles suspended in a medium and quantified their correlation at short distance, justifying in this way the use of correlated noise in many examples of SPDEs. Kondratiev considered a stochastic birth and death system of infinitely many particles in the continuum and described a general mathematical framework for their analysis. Duan considered SPDEs related to geophysical models, in the framework of the problem of model uncertainty, and described a way to estimate Hurst parameter and coefficients of the noise to fit data as best as possible. Imkeller, again in the field of climate modelling, considered temperature data of the last millions of years and compared the performances of equations based on Lévy and Brownian noise to produce qualitative features similar to those of these data. Sharp interface random motion described by a stochastic version of Allen–Cahn equation have been presented by Romito who analyzed birth and annihilation of random interfaces.
Porus media. As we already mentioned, porous media equations received particular attention. The talks of Röckner ranged from the foundational results expressed in very large generality, to the analysis of special properties like the extinction and the existence of random attractors. Russo gave a probabilistic representation formula for solutions of the deterministic porous media equations in very singular situations by means of a nonlinear Fokker–Planck equation, which gives particular insight in the structure and behavior of solutions and provides new numerical methods. Wei Liu proved dimension-free Harnack inequalities in the sense of Wang for the stochastic porous media equations and obtained as a consequence regularity of transition kernel and ergodicity.
Lévy, fractional Brownian and other noise perturbations. While the main body of past and present investigation in SPDE is concerned with Brownian noise, several recent investigations are concerned with Lévy noise and fractional Brownian noise. Zabczyk gave two introductory talks on infinite dimensional stochastic equations driven by Lévy noise, providing both foundational results of the properties of infinite dimensional Lévy processes and advanced results of time-regularity, support and regularity of the law for the solutions to the equations. Imkeller considered equations with multiple-well potentials driven by -stable processes, estimated the probability of tunnelling and described the relation between this phenomenon and observations of temperature changes in climate data. Fractional Brownian motion entered the SPDEs of Schmalfuss and Duan. Schmalfuss described foundational results on infinite dimensional equations driven by fractional Brownian motion and proved a result of existence of local unstable manifold. Duan showed how to detect the parameters of fractional Brownian noise to fit experimental data. Both the works of Duan and Imkeller show that interest of these noise terms in real applications. Gubinelli gave an introduction to the less traditional formulation of differential equations driven by rough paths, both in finite and infinite dimensions, which covers a large class of fractional Brownian motions in particular, and reviewed recent results on SPDE including the tree expansion approach to nonlinear problems.
Numerics. Numerical analysis and simulation of SPDE is a rather recent and very important subject for the future of the field and its applications. Kloeden reviewed recent results about error estimates and showed particular improvements of more classical results. Simulations of stochastic Burgers type equations have been showed by Blömker to illustrate the stabilization by noise associated to amplitude equations, described below. Romito described the problems emerging in the numerical approximation of sharp interface stochastic equations due to the presence of steep gradients and space-time white noise.
Stabilization by noise. Noise is usually associated to the idea of perturbation and destabilization, but in certain circumstances it may have a stabilizing effect. Crauel showed how noise can stabilize an unstable deterministic system by means of rotations which average stable and unstable directions, applied this technique to a nonlinear stochastic parabolic equation and showed other stabilizability results by random and non random sources. Blömker proved by means of amplitude equations that an additive noise in the second Fourier component of the stochastic Burgers equation may have the effect of a multiplicative noise acting on the first component and stabilizes it.
Stochastic flows. Stochastic flows are at the core of the theory of random dynamical systems: they are the random analog of deterministic flows and allow to analyze properties which depend on the simultaneous action of the dynamic on different initial conditions. Le Jan considered stochastic flows associated to isotropic Brownian motion, both in the regular case of flows of maps and in the generalized case of random Markov kernels, and proved a pathwise central limit theorem with respect to randomness in the initial conditions. Scheutzow considered the problem of existence and possible non existence of stochastic flows for stochastic equations which have unique global solutions for each individual initial condition and gave examples of non existence of flows in certain classes of regularity of coefficients.
Random and deterministic attractors and invariant manifolds. The existence and the structure of attractors and other invariant sets are some of the most basic questions to ask for dynamical systems. Several talks mentioned this topic. In particular, Crauel revised the concepts of strong and weak random attractor, their main properties and presented new sufficient conditions for their existence based on probabilistic estimates. Schmalfuss applied a stochastic version of Lyapunov–Perron transformation to construct local unstable manifold for SPDE driven by fractional Brownian motion. Brzeźniak proved the existence of a compact random attractor for the 2D stochastic Navier–Stokes equations in unbounded domain, where classical arguments of compactness do not apply. Maier-Paape considered Cahn–Hilliard equations or more generally gradient type systems and gave elements of the theory of Conley index theory for the purpose of resolving the fine structure of invariant sets.
Finally, Hairer presented a full picture of classical ergodic theory and the recent improvements based on the concept of asymptotic Strong Feller property, with application to a general class of SPDE which includes 2D stochastic Navier–Stokes equations, while Johnson described the recent theory of Sturm–Liouville problems with algebro-geometric potentials, related to solutions of the Camassa–Holm equation and with analogies with the theory of Schrödinger and KdV equations.
Cite this article
Franco Flandoli, Peter E. Kloeden, Andrew M. Stuart, Infinite Dimensional Random Dynamical Systems and Their Applications. Oberwolfach Rep. 5 (2008), no. 4, pp. 2815–2874
DOI 10.4171/OWR/2008/50 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Paper 2022/434
Verifiable Quantum Advantage without Structure
Takashi Yamakawa, NTT Social Informatics Laboratories
Mark Zhandry, Princeton University, NTT Research
Abstract
We show the following hold, unconditionally unless otherwise stated, relative to a random oracle with probability 1: - There are NP search problems solvable by BQP machines but not BPP machines. - There exist functions that are one-way, and even collision resistant, against classical adversaries but are easily inverted quantumly. Similar separations hold for digital signatures and CPA-secure public key encryption (the latter requiring the assumption of a classically CPA-secure encryption scheme). Interestingly, the separation does not necessarily extend to the case of other cryptographic objects such as PRGs. - There are unconditional publicly verifiable proofs of quantumness with the minimal rounds of interaction: for uniform adversaries, the proofs are non-interactive, whereas for non-uniform adversaries the proofs are two message public coin. - Our results do not appear to contradict the Aaronson-Ambanis conjecture. Assuming this conjecture, there exist publicly verifiable certifiable randomness, again with the minimal rounds of interaction. By replacing the random oracle with a concrete cryptographic hash function such as SHA2, we obtain plausible Minicrypt instantiations of the above results. Previous analogous results all required substantial structure, either in terms of highly structured oracles and/or algebraic assumptions in Cryptomania and beyond.
Note: Added a variant with worst-case completeness at the end of Section 6.
Metadata
Available format(s)
PDF
Category
Foundations
Publication info
Preprint.
Contact author(s)
takashi yamakawa obf @ gmail com
mzhandry @ gmail com
History
2022-06-17: revised
2022-04-06: received
See all versions
Short URL
https://ia.cr/2022/434
License
Creative Commons Attribution
CC BY
BibTeX
@misc{cryptoeprint:2022/434,
author = {Takashi Yamakawa and Mark Zhandry},
title = {Verifiable Quantum Advantage without Structure},
howpublished = {Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2022/434},
year = {2022},
note = {\url{https://eprint.iacr.org/2022/434}},
url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2022/434}
}
Note: In order to protect the privacy of readers, eprint.iacr.org does not use cookies or embedded third party content. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:The Lesson of the Master, The Marriages, The Pupil, Brooksmith, The Solution, Sir Edmund Orme (New York & London, Macmillan & Co., 1892).djvu/314
300 The lady was not Charlotte, as I feared, but Mrs. Marden, who had suddenly been taken ill. I remember the relief with which I learned this, for to see Charlotte stricken would have been anguish, and her mother's condition gave a channel to her agitation. It was of course all a matter for the people of the house and for the ladies, and I could have no share in attending to my friends or in conducting them to their carriage. Mrs. Marden revived and insisted on going home, after which I uneasily withdrew.
I called the next morning to ask about her and was informed that she was better, but when I asked if Miss Marden would see me the message sent down was that it was impossible. There was nothing for me to do all day but to roam about with a beating heart. But toward evening I received a line in pencil, brought by hand—"Please come; mother wishes you." Five minutes afterward I was at the door again and ushered into the drawing-room. Mrs. Marden lay upon the sofa, and as soon as I looked at her I saw the shadow of death in her face. But the first thing she said was that she was better, ever so much better; her poor old heart had been behaving queerly again, but now it was quiet. She gave me her hand and I bent over her with my eyes in hers, and in this way I was able to read what she didn't speak—"I'm really very ill, but appear to take what I say exactly as I say it." Charlotte stood there beside her, looking not frightened now, but intensely grave, and not meeting my eyes. "She has told me—she has told me!" her mother went on.
"She has told you?" I stared from one of them to the other, wondering if Mrs. Marden meant that the girl had spoken to her of the circumstances on the balcony.
"That you spoke to her again—that you're admirably faithful." | WIKI |
Caput Medusae
Caput Medusae is Latin for "head of Medusa". It may also refer to:
* Medusa's head, a part of the constellation Perseus
* Caput medusae, distended and engorged paraumbilical veins
* Gorgoneion (Γοργόνειον), Greek for "head of Gorgon". Athena fixed the "head of Medusa" into center of her shield, aegis (αιγίς). | WIKI |
Dentists Near Me / Tweed Head Dentists
Your Smile, Our Priority: Unveiling the Dentist in Tweed Head
Discover top-notch dental care in Tweed Head! Our experienced dentist and state-of-the-art facilities are here for your healthy smile. Book your visit now!
Welcome to Our Dental Practice
Introduction to Dental Wellness
Maintaining good dental health is essential for overall well-being. Dental wellness goes beyond having a bright smile; it encompasses the health of our teeth, gums, and oral cavity. By prioritizing dental health, we can prevent various dental conditions and ensure a healthy and confident smile. In Tweed Heads, we are fortunate to have access to dedicated dental professionals who play a crucial role in our dental wellness journey.
Importance of Dental Health
Dental health is not just about having a beautiful smile; it is a key component of our overall health. Poor dental hygiene can lead to a range of issues, including cavities, gum disease, and bad breath. Additionally, research has shown that oral health is linked to systemic health conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and respiratory infections. By maintaining good dental health, we can minimize the risk of these complications and enjoy a higher quality of life.
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A dentist in Tweed Heads plays a vital role in our dental wellness journey. These dental professionals are trained to diagnose, treat, and prevent dental conditions. They possess the expertise to provide a wide range of services, from routine check-ups and cleanings to more specialized treatments.
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Maintaining a regular oral care routine is crucial for promoting dental wellness. Here are some key practices to incorporate into your daily routine:
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6. Regular Dental Check-ups: Schedule regular dental check-ups and cleanings with your dentist in Tweed Heads. These visits allow your dentist to assess your oral health, detect any issues early on, and provide professional cleanings to remove plaque and tartar.
Common Dental Conditions and Their Prevention
Understanding common dental conditions can help you take preventive measures to maintain your dental health. Here are a few examples:
Dental Condition Prevention
Tooth Decay (cavities) – Brush and floss regularly
– Limit sugary foods and drinks
– Use fluoride toothpaste and mouthwash
– Visit your dentist regularly
Gum Disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) – Practice good oral hygiene
– Brush and floss daily
– Use an antimicrobial mouthwash
– Schedule regular dental check-ups
Tooth Sensitivity – Use a soft-bristled toothbrush
– Avoid acidic foods and drinks
– Use toothpaste for sensitive teeth
– Visit your dentist for an evaluation
Bad Breath (halitosis) – Brush and floss regularly
– Clean your tongue
– Use mouthwash
– Stay hydrated
– Schedule regular dental check-ups
By following proper oral care practices and being aware of common dental conditions, you can take proactive steps towards achieving and maintaining excellent dental health. Remember, regular visits to a dentist in Tweed Heads are essential for comprehensive evaluations, professional cleanings, and personalized guidance on maintaining your dental wellness.
Exploring Dental Solutions
When it comes to maintaining optimal dental health, it’s important to explore the various dental solutions available. By seeking general dentistry services and specialized dental services, you can address a wide range of dental needs and achieve the best oral health possible.
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General dentistry services encompass a wide range of preventive and restorative dental procedures. These services are crucial for maintaining good oral health and preventing dental issues from progressing. Some common general dentistry services include:
Service Description
Dental Examinations Comprehensive oral examinations to assess the overall dental health and identify any potential issues.
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Fillings Restoring decayed teeth by removing the damaged portion and filling the cavity with appropriate materials.
Root Canal Therapy Treating infected or damaged tooth pulp by removing the infected tissue and sealing the tooth.
Tooth Extractions Removing a tooth that is severely damaged, decayed, or causing crowding in the mouth.
Oral Cancer Screenings Regular screenings to detect any signs of oral cancer or precancerous conditions.
By regularly visiting a general dentist for these services, you can maintain good oral hygiene, prevent dental conditions, and address any concerns promptly.
Specialized Dental Services
In addition to general dentistry services, there are various specialized dental services that cater to specific dental needs. These services are typically provided by dentists who have undergone additional training in specialized areas of dentistry. Some examples of specialized dental services include:
Service Description
Orthodontics Correcting teeth misalignment and bite issues through the use of braces, aligners, or other orthodontic appliances.
Periodontics Diagnosing and treating gum diseases, including gingivitis and periodontitis, to maintain healthy gums.
Prosthodontics Restoring or replacing missing teeth with dental prostheses, such as dentures, bridges, or dental implants.
Endodontics Performing root canal therapy and treating dental pulp-related issues to save and preserve natural teeth.
Oral Surgery Conducting surgical procedures like tooth extractions, wisdom teeth removal, and jaw surgeries.
Cosmetic Dentistry Enhancing the appearance of teeth through procedures such as teeth whitening, veneers, and dental bonding.
Specialized dental services allow you to address specific dental concerns and achieve the desired aesthetic and functional outcomes. It’s essential to consult with a dentist who specializes in the specific area of dentistry you require to ensure optimal results.
By exploring both general dentistry services and specialized dental services, you can access a wide range of dental solutions tailored to your unique needs. Regular visits to a dentist who offers comprehensive dental care can help you maintain excellent oral health, prevent dental problems, and achieve a confident smile.
Factors to Consider When Choosing a Dentist in Tweed Heads
When it comes to selecting the best dentist in Tweed Heads, there are several important factors to consider. Ensuring that you choose a dentist who meets your specific needs and preferences is essential for maintaining good dental health. Here are three key factors to take into account during your decision-making process:
Qualifications and Experience
The qualifications and experience of a dentist play a vital role in determining their expertise and ability to provide quality dental care. When researching dentists in Tweed Heads, look for information about the dentist’s educational background, professional certifications, and any additional training they may have received. This information will help you gauge their level of knowledge and competence in the field of dentistry.
Furthermore, consider the dentist’s experience in treating specific dental conditions or performing particular procedures that you may require. A dentist with ample experience in addressing your specific needs is more likely to deliver effective and tailored treatment.
Reputation and Patient Reviews
A dentist’s reputation and patient reviews provide valuable insights into the quality of care they offer. Take the time to read online reviews, testimonials, and ratings from previous patients. This feedback can provide you with an understanding of the dentist’s professionalism, chairside manner, and the overall patient experience.
Additionally, consider seeking recommendations from family, friends, or colleagues who have had positive experiences with dentists in Tweed Heads. Personal referrals can be a valuable source of information and help you narrow down your options.
Accessibility and Affordability
Accessibility and affordability are crucial factors to consider when choosing a dentist. Evaluate the location and office hours of the dental practice to ensure they align with your schedule. A conveniently located dentist’s office can make regular dental visits more manageable and help you stay committed to your dental health.
In terms of affordability, consider the dental fees and whether the dentist accepts your dental insurance, if applicable. It’s essential to have a clear understanding of the costs associated with dental procedures and any potential out-of-pocket expenses.
To assist you in making an informed decision, here’s a table summarizing the factors to consider when choosing a dentist in Tweed Heads:
Factors to Consider Description
Qualifications and Experience Assess the dentist’s educational background, certifications, and experience in treating specific dental conditions.
Reputation and Patient Reviews Read online reviews and seek recommendations from trusted sources to gauge the dentist’s reputation and patient satisfaction.
Accessibility and Affordability Evaluate the location of the dental practice, office hours, and whether they accept your dental insurance. Consider the affordability of dental fees and potential out-of-pocket expenses.
By carefully considering these factors, you can confidently select the best dentist in Tweed Heads who meets your dental needs, ensuring optimal oral health and a positive dental experience.
Finding the Best Dentist in Tweed Heads
When it comes to your dental health, finding the best dentist in Tweed Heads is crucial. Here are three essential steps to help you in your search:
Researching Local Dentists
Start by conducting thorough research on local dentists in Tweed Heads. Look for dentists who have a strong reputation and offer a wide range of dental services. Check their websites to learn more about their qualifications, experience, and areas of expertise. Pay attention to any additional certifications or affiliations they may have, as these can indicate their commitment to staying updated with the latest advancements in dentistry.
To assist you in your research, consider the following factors:
• Location: Look for a dentist who is conveniently located near your home or workplace to ensure easy accessibility.
• Operating Hours: Check if their operating hours align with your schedule, especially if you have specific time constraints.
• Payment Options: Determine if the dentist accepts your dental insurance, offers flexible payment plans, or provides any discounts or promotions.
Seeking Recommendations
Another valuable step in finding the best dentist in Tweed Heads is seeking recommendations from trusted sources. Ask your friends, family, colleagues, or healthcare professionals for their experiences and recommendations. Their firsthand insights can provide valuable information about the dentists they have visited and the quality of care they received.
Additionally, consider online platforms that provide patient reviews and ratings for dentists in your area. Reading these reviews can give you a better understanding of the patient experience, the dentist’s communication skills, and the overall quality of care provided.
Making an Informed Decision
After conducting your research and gathering recommendations, it’s time to make an informed decision. Narrow down your options based on the information you have gathered and consider the following factors:
• Qualifications and Experience: Ensure that the dentist has the necessary qualifications and experience to meet your dental needs. Look for dentists who have completed relevant education and training, as well as those who regularly participate in continuing education to stay abreast of the latest advancements in dentistry.
• Reputation and Patient Reviews: Take into account the dentist’s reputation and patient reviews. Look for dentists who have positive feedback and a track record of providing excellent dental care.
• Accessibility and Affordability: Evaluate the accessibility and affordability of the dental practice. Consider factors such as the availability of appointments, emergency dental services, and the cost of treatments. Dental practices that offer flexible payment options or accept your dental insurance may be advantageous.
By thoroughly researching local dentists, seeking recommendations, and making an informed decision based on qualifications, reputation, and accessibility, you can find the best dentist in Tweed Heads who will meet your dental needs and provide exceptional care for your oral health.
FAQ
Search for holistic or biological dentists in Tweed Heads online, or ask for recommendations from local health food stores or holistic health practitioners.
Look for a pediatric dentist who has a friendly, approachable manner, a child-friendly clinic environment, and positive reviews from other parents.
Many dentists in Tweed Heads provide sedation options to help patients with dental anxiety feel more comfortable during treatment.
Some dental clinics in Tweed Heads may offer weekend appointments. Check with individual practices for their hours of operation. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Astronomy/Mars task force/Archive 3
Coordinators' working group
Hi! I'd like to draw your attention to the new WikiProject coordinators' working group, an effort to bring both official and unofficial WikiProject coordinators together so that the projects can more easily develop consensus and collaborate. This group has been created after discussion regarding possible changes to the A-Class review system, and that may be one of the first things discussed by interested coordinators.
All designated project coordinators are invited to join this working group. If your project hasn't formally designated any editors as coordinators, but you are someone who regularly deals with coordination tasks in the project, please feel free to join as well. — Delievered by §hepBot ( Disable ) on behalf of the WikiProject coordinators' working group at 05:56, 28 February 2009 (UTC)
Coordinates template
The template was created. Now only links to Google Mars but it could be used for creating a database and a maps system similar to WikiMiniAtlas one. Telescopi (talk) 18:29, 28 March 2009 (UTC)
File:Mer-b-final-launch.jpg
File:Mer-b-final-launch.jpg has been nominated for deletion. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:01, 24 April 2009 (UTC)
Moon images category up for deletion
Category:Images of moons has been nominated for deletion at WP:CFD on May 23. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 04:07, 24 May 2009 (UTC)
Extraterrestrial geographic coordinate templates
and have been nominated for deletion at WP:TFD. See Templates for deletion/Log/2009 September 16
<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 04:52, 17 September 2009 (UTC)
Mars Joint Exploration Initiative
Now that the Mars Joint Exploration Initiative colaboration between ESA-NASA was just signed, we can expect some duplicated missions to be cancelled. Specifically, i am wondering on MAVEN and the 2016 Mars Science Orbiter. Please keep your eyes open for new references that will state their status. Thank you, --BatteryIncluded (talk) 03:17, 9 November 2009 (UTC)
* I received a reliable e-mail confirmation that MAVEN it is still a go: "MAVEN is still a go, and it's on track for a 2013 launch. The joint initiative between NASA and ESA is looking at future missions beginning in 2016, that is, beyond MAVEN. I've received assurances from the highest levels at NASA that we are not being reconsidered as part of the joint effort and that we are not at risk due to the budget problems of other missions."
* That just leaves the 2016 Mars Science Orbiter on the verge. It seems like under the new Mars Joint Exploration Initiative between NASA-ESA, the 2016 Mars orbiter will be built by the ESA and launched by NASA, as part of the ExoMars mission. Source:.
* Here is another reference (March 2009) about launching the MSO with the ExoMars mission:: "One way to keep the mission joint would be to launch MSO and ExoMars on the same rocket in 2016. And on the trading table from NASA, it appears, is an Atlas V rocket." We know now that the weight is such that there will be 2 launches, and that the orbiter will be in the first and it will be built by ESA. I just requested an update on the MSO from NASA media office to verify its status, however, it is not even listed in the official 'NASA Missions' page, or in the JPL Mars Missions page. So please keep your eyes open for new references that will state the MSO status. Cheers! --BatteryIncluded (talk) 15:20, 9 November 2009 (UTC)
WP 1.0 bot announcement
This message is being sent to each WikiProject that participates in the WP 1.0 assessment system. On Saturday, January 23, 2010, the WP 1.0 bot will be upgraded. Your project does not need to take any action, but the appearance of your project's summary table will change. The upgrade will make many new, optional features available to all WikiProjects. Additional information is available at the WP 1.0 project homepage. — Carl (CBM · talk) 03:34, 22 January 2010 (UTC)
Terraforming of Mars
Hello, I have just added a large amount of references to this article, cleaned up sentences and also cleaned up the talk page while I was at it. It could probably use another pair of eyes however, I did make quite a lot of changes to this article. Eddie mars (talk) 21:42, 5 March 2010 (UTC)
New stub thumbnail
I think the current thumbnail for Mars-stub should be replaced. Transparency helps avoid a blocky look, while allowing the stub to match seamlessly with any background. --Gyrobo (talk) 20:09, 7 May 2010 (UTC)
* I don't see the problem with blockiness, since a number of stub templates use rectangular photos for their stubs, and all the flag used on stub templates are rectangular blocks. Apparently the way my system renders the new image causes some fuzziness to appear at the edge of the globe. But if the rest of the project prefers the new image, then so be it. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 10:11, 15 May 2010 (UTC)
* Just curious: is your display set to 32 bit color?—RJH (talk) 20:55, 10 June 2010 (UTC)
Someone just changed the image again, to a third one. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 06:12, 10 June 2010 (UTC)
* I've reverted that. It looks horrible, and to be honest, apart from being red it does not really resemble Mars. -- G W … 06:32, 10 June 2010 (UTC)
* Well, I for one thing the proposed image looks fantastic...I for one see no fuzziness on any of the browsers I tried. It certainly looks better than the big black square, and "Tango Mars.svg" is truly horrible. Of all three, "Proposed" definitely gets my !vote, and honestly, I think it would get it regardless of a bit of fuzziness; certainly better than the blocky black square (and of course, 70.*, a flag is going to be blocky because it is a flag! The problem is the sharp contrast between the black and the nearly white background.). — Huntster (t @ c) 09:38, 10 June 2010 (UTC)
* I agree, and would be inclined to support a change to the proposed transparent image. I have requested it be renamed to correct the spelling error in its title, and would suggest that it is not introduced until this has occurred, to avoid issues during the replacement, and because wide-scale usage can result in Commons move requests being rejected. -- G W … 14:03, 10 June 2010 (UTC)
* As a transparent image it works okay. But as a symbol of Mars, well frankly it looks like an orange lollipop. I don't think it is as good as the previous image.—RJH (talk)
* RJH, which image are you saying you prefer, "proposed" or "new"? — Huntster (t @ c) 17:22, 10 June 2010 (UTC)
* The proposed image looks good in my browser, and it is pretty clearly Mars. If it renders okay for others then I would support that.—RJH (talk) 20:40, 10 June 2010 (UTC)
* The image has been renamed. Time for the change? Ruslik_ Zero 18:45, 10 June 2010 (UTC)
* I vote to change it. --Gyrobo (talk) 20:07, 10 June 2010 (UTC)
Informed editors requested
This is related somewhat to Global Warming, so I present you the "wikipolitics" disclaimer.
Recently on the biography of Robert Watson (scientist), a minor edit war broke out over Watson's use of Mars to illustrate what the lack of global warming might look like. He said "We only need to look at 3 planets: Mars, Venus and Earth and you can explain why there is such a difference, a frigid Mars planet, no greenhouse gases, Venus is absolutely boiling lots of greenhouse gases and earth is by luck somewhere in the middle." The editors seeking to include this quote also noted that Mars' atmoshpere is 95% CO2, and that Watson's statement is "in conflict with our basic understanding of Mars."
Other editors responded that Mars' CO2 might be high in %age, but the relevence to global warming was not in %, but in Mars' near vaccum atmosphere, and that Watson's statement is not in conflict with our basic understanding of mars. It appears that there is a dispute over this.
It would be useful if editors educated on Astronomical objects could comment on a straw poll at Talk:Robert_Watson_(scientist). Thanks so much for your time. Hipocrite (talk) 16:31, 19 July 2010 (UTC)
Mars articles have been selected for the Wikipedia 0.8 release
Version 0.8 is a collection of Wikipedia articles selected by the Wikipedia 1.0 team for offline release on USB key, DVD and mobile phone. Articles were selected based on their assessed importance and quality, then article versions (revisionIDs) were chosen for trustworthiness (freedom from vandalism) using an adaptation of the WikiTrust algorithm.
We would like to ask you to review the Mars articles and revisionIDs we have chosen. Selected articles are marked with a diamond symbol (♦) to the right of each article, and this symbol links to the selected version of each article. If you believe we have included or excluded articles inappropriately, please contact us at Wikipedia talk:Version 0.8 with the details. You may wish to look at your WikiProject's articles with cleanup tags and try to improve any that need work; if you do, please give us the new revisionID at Wikipedia talk:Version 0.8. We would like to complete this consultation period by midnight UTC on Monday, October 11th.
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For the Wikipedia 1.0 editorial team, SelectionBot 23:18, 19 September 2010 (UTC)
Reorganisation of space WikiProjects
There is a discussion at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Space/2010 Reorganisation regarding the future of WikiProject Space and its child projects. The discussion is aimed at defining the roles of projects, and improving the activity and coordination of the projects. The input of members of this project is requested as it is one which may be affected by the issue. -- G W … 22:32, 28 November 2010 (UTC)
Portal:Mars
The Mars Portal has been cleaned up and is now ready for its PPR. Feel free to tweak the colors and comment here on further improvements.-- Novus Orator 03:40, 30 December 2010 (UTC)
Nuclear meltdown on Mars
This might be considered for addition to the Mare Acidalium article. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 10:44, 12 March 2011 (UTC)
Citing Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature in References: Do not list Jennifer Blue as author
I just received an email from Jenny Blue at USGS Astrogeology Program in Flagstaff. A number of Mars articles in Wikipedia reference her as the author (Blue, Jennifer) when refering to info at the Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature website. She is NOT to be cited as the author. She is the contact person. The USGS maintains the website on behalf of the IAU working group for planetary system nomenclature (WGPSN), which is responsible for the content. She wants this to be made perfectly clear. I will fix this when I see it but want to put the word out so others can correct any misreferences also. Schaffman (talk) 19:57, 31 March 2011 (UTC)
Update: I realize now that I'm not sure how to remove Jennifer's name from the references. These are bot generated listings, and I'm not familiar with how they've been created. Can anybody out there help? Schaffman (talk) 20:33, 31 March 2011 (UTC)
History of Mars
has been nominated for deletion. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:06, 23 June 2011 (UTC)
Poor article within your remit
I stumbled across Dark Slope Streaks just now; I think it could do with some TLC on your part. Seegoon (talk) 00:38, 6 May 2009 (UTC)
* I've since rewritten and expended the article. Schaffman (talk) 13:22, 19 December 2011 (UTC)
Northwest Africa 7034
Northwest Africa 7034 is currently up for review for DYK. Is is also tagged by this project. --Tobias1984 (talk) 13:55, 5 January 2013 (UTC)
Mars categories under proposal to merge
Category:Mars spacecraft has been proposed to be merged to Category:Missions to Mars, see WP:CFDALL -- <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 07:45, 30 March 2013 (UTC)
Category:Mars Exploration Rover and Category:Mars expedition
Category:Mars Exploration Rover and Category:Mars expedition have shown up at WP:CFDALL for renaming and deletion, respectively. -- <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 01:50, 31 March 2013 (UTC)
New stub article: Amazonian
Hi guys. Long time no contribute. Sorry. I've just boldly seized the page Amazonian, torn out the redirect to the Amazon DAB page that was all that was there before, and slapped up a stub for the Martian geological period. I just can't believe we didn't have this before!
Please head over and get expanding. I will slowly, but would welcome more enthusiastic/rapid input. Thanks! (Notice duplicated over at WikiProject_Solar_System) DanHobley (talk) 06:16, 21 June 2013 (UTC)
Absolute dating systems for Mars chronology - out of date?
Prompted by working on Amazonian (Mars), I've been thinking about our dates for the major Mars periods. I'm concerned we might be out of date and internally inconsistent. The most up-to-date boundaries I know of are in Werner, S. C., and K. L. Tanaka (2011), Redefinition of the crater-density and absolute-age boundaries for the chronostratigraphic system of Mars, Icarus, 215(2), 603–607, doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2011.07.024, but equally, I've not seen this stuff cited much in the real literature - probably as it's still new. I'd be interested in second thoughts on whether this would be a good basis for a rewrite of the places where we talk in depth about Mars dating, and more generally where, e.g., "about 3Ga" or equivalent gets thrown about. I think it probably wound be, but could be persuaded otherwise too. DanHobley (talk) 07:19, 23 June 2013 (UTC)
Suggestion for a way forward - new articles
I had an idea this morning which may give a way forward. The idea is - I agree that there is a lot of material on the page for the AfD, and it is hard to read. This material is needed though and is undoubtedly notable.
So the idea is, to separate it into several articles. First, an article that only describes the results of the official NASA and ESA sponsored studies, removes almost all mention of the ICAMSR and of Zubrin's views, removes the long sections on legal issues, and also the section on science value discussions.
Mars Sample Receiving Facility and sample containment
This page then has none of the previously mentioned POV issues as it doesn't cover the views of the ICAMSR. The only remaining issues would concern whether it presents the official reports accurately. This I suggest needs to be done through a detailed discussion of the article and the citations.
The article must however present the risks of environmental disruption of the Earth and the need for international public debate as topics, since these are clearly presented in the original sources from the NRC, ESF and PPO.
Without those topics the whole article becomes biased towards surface of Mars colonization advocacy and it removes a cited notable topic from wikipedia with no encyclopaedic reason for doing so.
Separate pages then discuss the legal / public debate, the science value debate, and in another page, the extreme views of Zubrin and of the ICAMSR (at the opposite extreme) on back contamination risks.
For these additional pages, see:
Mars Sample Receiving Facility and sample containment#See_also
These are of course drafts that need more work.
These articles would greatly simplify the treatment of these issues in the back-contamination page, which could be rather short or even merged as a section in the interplanetary contamination page (which of those is done I suggest left as a decision for later).
What do you all think? Robert Walker (talk) 08:49, 4 July 2013 (UTC)
* Garbage in. Garbage out. -BatteryIncluded (talk) 14:19, 4 July 2013 (UTC)
* I agree that we do not need more articles, but rather to expand the articles that we have. However, one-line insults do not help. Be Civil. Rudeness is likely to boomerang. If you can't say anything neutral about RW, don't say anything about him and his comments. Robert McClenon (talk) 18:35, 5 July 2013 (UTC)
* There are already at least four articles on "contamination" that I'm aware of. We do not need more articles. Warren Platts (talk) 21:16, 4 July 2013 (UTC)
* More articles? Why? Expand the stub-class articles. I don't see anyone, whether WP or RW or BI, suggesting more articles. Expand the existing ones. Maybe we agree on that. Robert McClenon (talk) 21:21, 4 July 2013 (UTC)
* The idea is by having a separate article on the Mars Receiving Facility then the article on back contamination risks can be much shorter as it doesn't need to go into details. The material on the Mars Receiving Facility particularly is a subject of many notable publications.
* It should also help with POV arguments with opposing editors, which I expect be a major handicap to writing the article. By putting this material into its own article then arguments about accuracy of representation of the official POV can be separated from arguments about undue weight in my treatment of the extreme views of the ICAMSR and Zubrin. If anyone still wants to argue that this article represents the views of the ICAMSR they would have a hard time doing so when the ICAMSR views are nowhere presented.
* Does that make sense? Please, can there be some movement here, some possibility of including the official studies? No matter if it is in a specialist article that hardly anyone reads, it has to be in wikipedia somewhere. Robert Walker (talk) 06:37, 5 July 2013 (UTC)
* Insults don't count as reasoned argument here IMHO, and it's never been wikipedia policy to leave out notable material on the grounds that it leads to too many articles on that particular topic in wikipedia. Robert Walker (talk) 06:44, 5 July 2013 (UTC)
* In short, I suggest that by WP:NOTABLE it deserves an article of its own. Is there any Wikipedia policy that says it should be left out? Robert Walker (talk) 09:40, 5 July 2013 (UTC)
* There is already a section that is duly cited and discusses the MSRRF here. There is also the ICAMSR article, the Planetary protection article, and the back contamination article and probably at least a couple of others as well. Warren Platts (talk) 16:09, 5 July 2013 (UTC)
* It's well-sourced material, but I don't see the need for another article. Can it be merged into existing articles? Robert McClenon (talk) 18:35, 5 July 2013 (UTC)
* Keeping it as a separate article will help with this confusion that you seem to get if you discuss both the official POV and the ICAMSR in the same page. It seems from my experience of the AfD discussion that there is a strong tendency for readers to think the official POV described in that page is the same as the ICAMSR POV.
* By putting it in a separate article there is no confusion about which is the official POV and which is the ICAMSR POV. The official POV is not widely known or understood and has to be explained clearly. I think devoting an entire page to just this POV makes it an easier read as when you include many POVs in the same page, and also have to explain complex material as well, then it is a lot to demand of the reader, to take that all in and understand it all. Does that make sense? Robert Walker (talk) 19:57, 5 July 2013 (UTC)
* Warren I have many issues with your short summary in the MSR page. I consider it to have at least 4 major errors.
* 1. Says it is a biohazard 4 laboratory - the studies say clearly that a biohazard 4 laboratory is inadequate and that a new type of facility needs to be designed and built.
* 2. Says that " the risk of harmful back contamination is very likely to be zero" - in fact the cited sources say it is non zero. There is no way those mean the same thing - if you consider that they do - why not use the wording of the original report rather than your innovative wording?
* 3 It implies that only the ICAMSR argues that in the worst case, a MSR could lead to environment disruption. The official studies also say this.
* 4. It mentions the need for the domestic NEPA and CIS requirements while omitting the international requirements, and makes no mention of the need for international debate with other countries that could potentially be impacted in worst case. All of that is in the official studies.
* You removed the WP:OPINION and CN tags that I added to it to alert the reader to these issues.Robert Walker (talk) 20:21, 5 July 2013 (UTC)
* We've been through this before: (1) the citation right there on slide #20 states they will be constructing a Biosafety Level 4 lab--you don't like it because it doesn't exaggerate the difficulty; (2)conflating 'x is very likely to be zero' and 'x is zero' is a confusion on your part--again, you don't like it because it doesn't exaggerate the risk; (3) the studies say the recommended precautions will be adequate to prevent environmental disruption; (4) the NEPA process provides for public review; non-US citizens will of course be allowed to participate--you don't like it because it doesn't imply that NASA is trying to sneak something in under the radar. Warren Platts (talk) 21:41, 5 July 2013 (UTC)
* 1. Yes is biosafety 4, as in better than biosafety 4. It has to be able to contain particles no larger than 0.05 µm and recommended, no larger than 0.01 µm. It has to function as a clean room as well. This is all a big challenge. Any reader reading your paraphrase will assume that a normal biosafety 4 laboratory is sufficient and that is untrue.
* 2. With your argument that "likely to be zero" is the same as "non zero" - if they do indeed mean the same, as you claim, why do you feel it is so important to use your words rather than the original words of the PPO?
* 3. Yes they say the precautions will be adequate, but that is no reason for leaving out of your summary any mention of the main thing the precautions are there to prevent.
* 4.
* That's a quote from the ESF report.
* And because you disagree with me on this point and maintain that your version is accurate and that my accounts are inaccurate, you removed the WP:OPINION and CN tags immediately as soon as I added them. I never removed any of the tags from the AfD, even the ones that were originally tagged to your version of the article. Robert Walker (talk) 23:32, 5 July 2013 (UTC)
* Interesting. So your only source for international "requirements" is an ESF "recommendation". Another clear case of exaggeration because the truth is not worth telling... Warren Platts (talk) 03:23, 6 July 2013 (UTC)
* Okay, we are getting off topic here. I've added a new section to the talk page about this here. I have simply rewritten the version you ahve in the main article to correct these 4 errors. I have added no new material except what is needed to correct the errors, plus added two subsection headers: Bias and errors in the back contamination section Robert Walker (talk) 11:54, 6 July 2013 (UTC)
* There are not four errors: it's merely the case that the language is not alarmist enough to suit you. Also your contention that Biosafety Level 4 labs do not function as clean rooms is factually inaccurate. I could go on, but there are more important things to do... Warren Platts (talk) 17:42, 6 July 2013 (UTC)
* See for example:
* see Mars Sample Return Receiving Facility - A Draft Test Protocol for Detecting Possible Biohazards in Martian Samples Returned to Earth. Robert Walker (talk) 19:05, 6 July 2013 (UTC)
* Another example of exaggeration. You'll take an erroneous statement from a single slide on a power point, and amplify it into the engineering challenge of the century. Which of course it /must/ be since MSR is VERY SCARY!! Biosafety Level 4 labs routinely employ both positive and negative air flows. Do some due diligence for once... Warren Platts (talk) 19:18, 6 July 2013 (UTC)
* The slides summarize the results from this longer 117 page study of requirements for a Mars sample return receiving facility in 2002. If you want to find out more and all the technical details of the challenges involved in combining the two types of facility, and suggested solutions to them, see: A Draft Test Protocol for Detecting Possible Biohazards in Martian Samples Returned to Earth. 2005 update.
* Here is a later quote with the reference to the earlier report issues of combining the two methods in bold itallics, it's from the 2010 Mars Sample Return Orbiter decadal survey:
* The additional challenges are significant and no facility currently exists that could be certified to receive a sample from Mars.
* It is easy to find this material. You could find this with a few minutes of google searching on the topic. Why haven't you come across it yet yourself? Do you still claim that I intentionally exaggerated this, using erroneous information on a singe slide? Robert Walker (talk) 21:41, 6 July 2013 (UTC)
* It is exaggeration. You'll take the above quote, and then derive something like "The facility must also double as a clean room ... this greatly adds ... to the risk of failure" Talk about WP:OR!! But of course you have to do that because the truth isn't worth reporting.... Warren Platts (talk) 18:38, 7 July 2013 (UTC)
* No apology then. I'm sure I never said it greatly adds to the risk of failure, as no-one said that. Greatly adds to the complexity of the design, yes, that's what they say in the sources. Robert Walker (talk) 13:08, 8 July 2013 (UTC)
* The extra complexity adds to the possibility of mistakes, of course, for a new facility never built before. This is also a criticism that the ESF reprot itself presents as an issue with the design and addresses in its risk mitigation. The aim is that after all the risk mitigation involved for a complex new design that the probability is less than a million of an escape. Robert Walker (talk) 13:18, 8 July 2013 (UTC)
Martian Gullies -> Gully (Mars)
Hi guys. I've just discovered our article Martian Gullies - and the first thing that jumps out at me is that this name violates WP naming conventions. At the very least, it needs to become Martian gullies, but my personal preference would be Gully (Mars). I think this per the conventions "use lower case", "use singular forms", and "use nouns". I think I have a pretty strong case here, but if anyone wants to make the case for some other naming, please head to the article talk page and argue with me. DanHobley (talk) 05:45, 11 July 2013 (UTC)
* Since they may be dry material flow (CO2 involvement), I understand that the new neutral scientific nomenclature is "seasonal flow". To make matters interesting in Wikipedia, there is now duplication and I believe we have to merge Martian Gullies with Seasonal flows on warm Martian slopes. Cheers, BatteryIncluded (talk) 13:12, 11 July 2013 (UTC)
* This isn't right - seasonal flows are linear patterns of darkening and lightening seen in repeated (seasonal) imaging. Gullies are defined by their dendritic shape, and are geomorphic features defined by their topography, not the process. If anything, "seasonal flows" are more synonymous with "slope streaks" than gullies. Some duplication may be necessary, but these are not the same thing at all. Gully (Mars) stands as distinctly WP:NOTABLE in its own right. NB- both pages, esp. the gullies page, need thorough cleanup to make this clear, as it clearly isn't at the moment. (Tenor of this comment duplicated over at seasonal flows talk page) DanHobley (talk) 17:44, 11 July 2013 (UTC)
* Yes the Martian seasonal flows are not gullies. What they are is unclear, not well understood yet. Robert Walker (talk) 18:34, 11 July 2013 (UTC)
Bias in Project Mars on human missions
As a result of WarrenPlatts recent edits, the whole project is now highly biased towards Mars surface colonization advocacy.
In particular he removed the Concerns section from Colonization of Mars. He left nothing in its place. As a result it has an Advocacy section but no Concerns section.
He also removed the Concerns section from Manned mission to Mars. It now has a much shorter Challenges section instead.
The old Concerns section for Manned mission to Mars was mostly written by me and am first to admit it had many flaws. I agreed on the talk page it was overlong and with hindsight not well written for an encyclopiedia.
The talk page had an open discussion of how best to deal with those issues, and I was in the middle of implementing them by including relevant material elsewhere on Project Mars when this was derailed when WP removed all my material on this topic throughout Project Mars. He also archived the talk page so removing the open discussion on how to deal with the issues.
For all its flaws, it was highly cited, notable material and its removal lead to protests on its talk page for that reason. It shouldn't have been removed without discussion. My material there was originally added as a result of a request to expand the existing Concerns section which was thought to be too short and the article too biased.
I think in some way these two articles should reflect the variety of POVs, that not everyone agrees that immediate Mars surface colonization by humans as soon as possible is the way ahead. I would suggest that Concerns sections should be reinstated in both articles in some form.
There is a RfC on contamination issues on Manned Mission to Mars talk page, but this is another matter. It is more to do with the general tone, that the articles should somehow reflect that not everyone is a Mars surface colonization advocate and some see them as Concerns rather than just Challenges to be overcome. I.e. to entertain the possibility that if the concerns turn out to be justified, maybe we shouldn't colonize Mars right away but take time to find out more about the planet first. Robert Walker (talk) 14:28, 14 July 2013 (UTC) | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Sockpuppet investigations/Thatdollcalledriley/Archive
Suspected sockpuppets
Thatdollcalledriley was blocked in November after an ANI report about their creating articles about a fictional singer, "Shabnam". Pennlivia was registered about a week later, and has created a number of drafts about "Shabnam", her family and singing career. At the moment there are more than 30 drafts about people, songs, TV shows and whatnot that are obviously made up by Pennlivia (they call the topics "fanon", as did Thatdollcalledriley, but it's not actual fanon.)
Thatdollcalledriley created e.g. Draft:Shabnam (character), New Style Boutique (television series), and Do You Like Yoshies.
Pennlivia has created e.g. Draft:Shabnam (fanon), Draft:Shabnam (entertainer) (fanon), Draft:New Style Boutique (fanon), and Draft:Do You Like Yoshies (fanon). I can't see the deleted articles/drafts, but based on the titles alone I'd say this sounds very much like a duck.
This is what made me start looking at similarities between the accounts. bonadea contributions talk 19:02, 4 January 2021 (UTC)
Comments by other users
Clerk, CheckUser, and/or patrolling admin comments
* ✅. Additionally, the following sleeper accounts are very :
* , closing. Mz7 (talk) 07:37, 5 January 2021 (UTC)
* , closing. Mz7 (talk) 07:37, 5 January 2021 (UTC)
* , closing. Mz7 (talk) 07:37, 5 January 2021 (UTC)
* , closing. Mz7 (talk) 07:37, 5 January 2021 (UTC) | WIKI |
Page:The Mystery of a Hansom Cab.djvu/46
42 "It's nothing but practice," answered Miss Featherweight, with a modest blush; "I am at the piano four hours every day."
"Oh, Lord," groaned Felix, "what a time the family must have of it;" but he kept this remark to himself, and, screwing his eye-glass into his left organ of vision, merely ejaculated, "Lucky piano!"
Miss Featherweight, not being able to think of any answer to this, looked down and blushed, while the ingenious Felix looked up and sighed.
Madge and Brian were in one corner of the room, talking together about Whyte's death.
"I never did like him," she said, "but it was horrible to think of him dying like that."
"I don't know," answered Brian, gloomily; "from all I can hear, chloroform is a very easy death."
"Death can never be easy," replied Madge, "especially to a young man so full of health and spirits as Mr. Whyte was."
"I believe you are sorry he's dead," said Brian, jealously.
"Aren't you?" she asked, in some surprise.
"De mortius nil nisi bonum," quoted Fitzgerald; "but as I detested him when alive, you can't expect me to regret his end."
Madge did not answer him, but glanced quickly at his face, and for the first time it struck her that he looked ill.
"What is the matter with you, dear?" she asked, placing her hand on his arm. "You are not looking well."
"Nothing—nothing," he answered hurriedly. "I've been a little worried about business lately—but come," he said, rising, "let us go outside, for I see your father has got that girl with the steam-whistle voice to sing."
The girl with the steamwhistle voice was Julia Featherweight, the sister of Rolleston's inamorata, and Madge stifled a laugh as she went out on to the verandah with Fitzgerald.
"What a shame of you," she said, bursting into a laugh, when they were safely outside; "she's been taught by the best masters."
"How I pity them," retorted Brian, grimly, as Julia wailed out, "Meet me once again," with an ear-piercing | WIKI |
Dumping U.S. debt, a possible weapon in global trade war
NEW YORK (Reuters) - U.S. President Donald Trump’s plan to slap stiff tariffs on imported steel and aluminum has rattled financial markets and stirred fears that some trading partners might retaliate by dumping U.S. Treasuries. Should China, Japan and other nations, which have recycled their trade dollars through their Treasuries holdings, suddenly decide to whittle them down, markets could be in for a rough ride. Such a retaliatory move, in the wake of Trump’s first big protectionist action, comes at a time when foreign demand for U.S. debt is seen critical to offset an expected surge in federal borrowing needs, analysts and investors said on Friday. “The threats are real,” said Kristina Hooper, chief global market strategist at Invesco in New York. “We need more foreign demand, not less.” To be sure, it is unlikely that Beijing, Tokyo and other overseas central banks would dump Treasuries altogether, if at all, analysts and investors said. Countries could wind up torching their own U.S. bond investments, without winning any guaranteed gains from Washington, they said. “They already own a lot of them. They would be shooting themselves in the foot,” said Jack McIntyre, portfolio manager at Brandywine Global Investment Management in Philadelphia. Still what U.S. trading partners might do with their collective ownership of more than a quarter of all Treasury securities outstanding looms as a hefty risk not only for the bond market. Treasury yields are benchmarks for total returns on stocks and other assets. Typically when yields go up, stock prices fall. The yields are also used by banks and other lenders to determine what they charge consumers on mortgages and other loans. U.S. mortgage rates hit four-year highs last month. “HIGH-PRESSURE” RESPONSE Trump’s announcement on Thursday of 25-percent and 10-percent levies on foreign steel and aluminum touched off outcries of unfair protectionism from trading partners, while it drew cheers from domestic producers as a move to combat questionable export practices by other countries. “It’s a high-pressure response,” said Jason Celente, senior portfolio manager at Insight Investment in New York. Details of Trump’s tariff plan are still unknown, and Celente said the tariffs might not be imposed at all after criticism from Republican lawmakers and U.S. industries heavily dependent on steel and aluminum. Still, Trump said “trade wars are good” on Twitter on Friday, and the rhetoric has heated up. Canada and the European Union said they are ready to take countermeasures, while China urged Trump to show restraint. “The timing of this would be poor since the Treasury needs to tap the capital markets more than ever, in greater size, to pay for the plentiful tax cuts passed a few months ago,” Kevin Giddis, head of fixed income capital markets with Raymond James in Memphis, Tennessee. The massive tax overhaul enacted last December was projected to add up to $1.5 trillion to the U.S. debt load over a decade, while a two-year spending deal reached last month would add $300 billion to the deficit. At the end of 2017, foreign governments owned $4.03 trillion or nearly 29 percent of the $14.47 trillion in Treasury securities outstanding. China and Japan, two major U.S. trading partners, are also the top two foreign holders of Treasuries with a combined holdings of $2.25 trillion in December, Treasury data showed. In 2017, the United States rang up a $375 billion trade deficit with China and a $69 billion trade gap with Japan, according to the U.S. Census. Fears of a trade war have spooked Wall Street and caused the dollar to drop. The debt market had a seesaw response on Thursday and Friday with investors firstly buying U.S. Treasuries as a safe haven and sending the benchmark 10-year note’s yield US10YT=RR to a three-week low. They reversed those bond positions on Friday, mostly due to worries that the Bank of Japan might exit its ultra-loose monetary policy. Investors also sold to make room for next week’s heavy corporate debt supply. However, growing anxiety among traders about foreign retaliation through selling or buying fewer Treasuries may be coming into play, some investors and analysts said. “You can’t rule it out. It’s unsettling the market a bit,” McIntyre said. Reporting by Richard Leong; Editing by Tom Brown | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
File:Laborvincitomnia347x500.jpg
Summary
Image of Camen Family Crest This printed crest was found inside a 200 year old bible, in New Jersey | WIKI |
Presque Isle Downs & Casino
Presque Isle Downs & Casino is a casino and horse racing track near Erie, Pennsylvania, owned and operated by Churchill Downs Inc.
History
The developer, MTR Gaming Group, broke ground in October 2005 for the new facility, which opened on February 28, 2007.
Simulcasting was transferred from its former upper Peach Street location and became operational in August 2007.
In January 2019, Eldorado Resorts (the successor of MTR Gaming) sold the property to Churchill Downs Inc. for $178.9 million.
Description
The casino contains 1,500 slot machines. The 1 mi oval track opened on September 2, 2007. The racing surface is the synthetic material Tapeta Footings (a mixture of sand, rubber, fiber with a wax coating ). It was the first synthetic horse racetrack longer than 1 mi in the Northeast and the first racetrack paved with Tapeta in the United States.
Gaming revenue is split between the operator (45%) and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (55%), the latter of which will use the funds for property tax relief, economic development and tourism, and the horse racing industry. Revenue from table games goes to the state's general fund and the local government. Presque Isle Downs & Casino now operates table games, along with 1,600 slot machines.
On February 6, 2019, the Pennsylvania Gaming Control Board approved a sports betting license for Presque Isle Downs & Casino. The casino will construct a sportsbook and will also offer 50 self-betting kiosks. The BetAmerica self-betting kiosks began operation on August 9, 2019. On December 16, 2019, a three-day soft launch began for the BetAmerica online sportsbook. The full launch of the BetAmerica online sportsbook occurred on December 19, 2019.
The property is located on 272 acre off Exit 27 on Interstate 90 in Summit Township.
Graded events
The following Graded events were held at Presque Isle Downs in 2019.
Grade II
* Presque Isle Downs Masters Stakes
* Other Stakes
* Presque Isle Mile
* Tom Ridge Stakes
* Satin and Lace Stakes
* Karl Boyes Memorial Stakes
* The HPBA Stakes
* Fitz Dixon, JR. Memorial Juvenile Stakes | WIKI |
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bio website kohne.org
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Added Motorola Droid 4 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:Trent.Caldie
The word KNAR derives its existence from no other known word. The word itself has the appropriate definition of the most amazing thing ever. KNAR (Nar)an example "Dude that was so KNAR I can't believe that just happened". Would be its use in a sentence. | WIKI |
MONO9
Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry
Published: Jan 2011
Format Pages Price
PDF Version (416K) 25 $25 ADD TO CART
Complete Source PDF (31M) 25 $197 ADD TO CART
Abstract
The wavelength range of interest in X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry is roughly the range between 0.04 and 2 nm. This allows the analysis of the elements from fluorine upward to the transuranics, either on their K or L characteristic lines. Using special precautions and dedicated multilayers (see section on “Diffraction and the Analyzing Crystal”), the range can be enlarged to 11 nm, including the characteristic lines of beryllium. Energy and wavelength are related according to the following equation: E=hcλ where E is the photon energy; h is Planck's constant (6.626 10−34 J s, or 4.135 10−15 eV s); c is the speed of light in vacuum (3×108m/s); and λ is wavelength. By substituting these values in Eq 1, and expressing photon energy in kiloelectronvolts and wavelength in nanometres, the following is obtained: E=1.24λ or λ=1.24E
Author Information:
Vrebos, Bruno A. R.
PANalyticol B.V., Almelo,
Glose, Timothy L.
PANalytical Inc., Westborough, MA
Paper ID: MONO10129M
Committee/Subcommittee: D02.03
DOI: 10.1520/MONO10129M
CrossRef ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.
ISBN10:
ISBN13: 978-0-8031-7020-9 | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge
The Tomahawk National Wildlife Refuge is located in the U.S. state of North Dakota and consists of 440 acres (1.78 km2). Tomahawk NWR is a privately owned easement refuge, managed with by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The refuge was established to protect habitat for migratory bird species, white-tail deer and other mammals. Valley City Wetland Management District oversees the refuge, which in turn is a part of the Arrowwood National Wildlife Refuge Complex. The refuge can be accessed from North Dakota Highway 1, and is one mile (1.6 km) east of the town of Rogers, North Dakota. | WIKI |
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PerlMonks
join - join two files according to a common key
by Corion (Pope)
on Jul 12, 2007 at 15:16 UTC ( #626257=sourcecode: print w/replies, xml ) Need Help??
Category: Utility Scripts
Author/Contact Info Corion
Description:
A counterpart to part, it allows you to join two files side by side according to common values. This is similar to the join UNIX command except that the join command expects the input files to be sorted according to the keys, while this program will slurp the second file into a hash and then output the result according to the order of the first file.
Optionally (and untested) it can use a tied hash as on-disk storage in the case that the storage for the files is larger than the available RAM.
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict;
use Getopt::Long;
use File::Temp qw( :POSIX );
use vars qw($VERSION);
$VERSION = '0.03';
# Try to load Pod::Usage and install a fallback if it doesn't exist
eval {
require Pod::Usage;
Pod::Usage->import();
1;
} or do {
*pod2usage = sub {
die "Error in command line.\n";
};
};
GetOptions(
"disk" => \my $do_tie,
"on|j=s" => \my $joincol,
"left|j1|1=s" => \my @left_key_cols,
"right|j2|2=s" => \my @right_key_cols,
"output|o" => \my @output_fieldlist,
"delimiter|t|d=s" => \my $delimiter,
"output-delimiter|od" => \my $output_delimiter,
"missing|v=i" => \my @missing,
"null|n=s" => \my $nullvalue,
"warn-on-duplicates|u=s" => \my @warn_on_duplicates,
"die-on-duplicates|s=s" => \my @die_on_duplicates,
"smart-duplicates" => \my $smart_duplicates,
"progress|verbose|p" => \my $progress,
'help' => \my $help,
'version' => \my $version,
) or pod2usage(2);
pod2usage(1) if $help;
if (defined $version) {
print "$VERSION\n";
exit 0;
};
pod2usage("$0: No files given.") if ((@ARGV == 0) && (-t STDIN));
$delimiter ||= "\t";
$nullvalue ||= "";
$output_delimiter ||= $delimiter;
$joincol ||= 1;
if (! @left_key_cols) { @left_key_cols = $joincol; };
if (! @right_key_cols) { @right_key_cols = $joincol; };
my %output_missing = map { $_ => $_ } @missing;
my %col_count;
for (\@left_key_cols, \@right_key_cols) {
@$_ = map { split /,/ } @$_;
};
if (@left_key_cols != @right_key_cols) {
local $" = ",";
warn "Left keys: @left_key_cols\n";
warn "Right keys: @right_key_cols\n";
die "Differing number of key columns between left and right - that
+ is wrong.\n";
};
# Adjust the indices for the join columns:
for (@left_key_cols, @right_key_cols) {
$_--
};
my @output_cols = ('1.*','2.%');
if (@output_fieldlist) {
@output_cols = map { split /,/ } @output_fieldlist;
};
if (@warn_on_duplicates and not @die_on_duplicates) {
@warn_on_duplicates = (2);
};
my %on_duplicate;
$on_duplicate{ $_ } = sub { warn "Duplicate key '$_[0]' for row >>$_[1
+]<< in file $_[2]\n" } for @warn_on_duplicates;
$on_duplicate{ $_ } = sub { die "Duplicate key '$_[0]' for row >>$_[1
+]<< in file $_[2]\n" } for @die_on_duplicates;
my %right; # The index into the right file
my %seen; # The keys we processed from the left file
my @CLEANUP;
if ($do_tie) {
require DB_File;
my $rn = tmpnam;
tie %right, 'DB_File', $rn;
my $sn = tmpnam;
tie %seen, 'DB_File', $sn;
push @CLEANUP, $rn, $sn;
};
END {
if ($do_tie) {
untie %right;
untie %seen;
};
for (@CLEANUP) {
unlink $_ or warn "Couldn't remove tempfile '$_' : $!\n";
};
};
my ($left,$right) = @ARGV;
# Read the right file into the hash
open my $rfh, "<", $right
or die "Couldn't read '$right': $!";
open my $lfh, "<", $left
or die "Couldn't read '$left': $!";
sub key {
my ($cols,$col_info) = @_;
return join $delimiter, @{ $cols }[ @$col_info ];
};
sub output {
my @lr = (@_);
my @output = map { /^(\d)\.(\d+)/ or die "Invalid column spec '$_'
+"; $lr[$1-1]->[$2-1] } @output_cols;
print join($delimiter, @output), "\n";
};
sub expand_output_columns {
my (@list) = @_;
my %keycols = (
1 => +{ map { $_+1 => 1 } @left_key_cols },
2 => +{ map { $_+1 => 1 } @right_key_cols },
);
my @res = map { /(\d)\.\*/ ? (map { "$1.$_" } (1..$col_count{ $1 }
+))
: /(\d)\.\%/ ? (map { "$1.$_" } grep { ! exists $key
+cols{$1}{$_}} (1..$col_count{ $1 }))
: $_
} @list;
@res
};
warn "Reading $right"
if $progress;
while (<$rfh>) {
chomp;
my @right_cols = split /\Q$delimiter\E/;
$col_count{ 2 } ||= @right_cols;
my $key = key( \@right_cols, \@right_key_cols );
if ($right{ $key } and $on_duplicate{2}) {
my $diff = $right{ $key } ne $_;
if ($diff or !$smart_duplicates) {
$on_duplicate{2}->($key,$_,$right)
};
};
$right{ $key } = $_;
};
# Read the left file and output the generated lines (if any)
warn "Processing $left"
if $progress;
my $expanded_output_columns;
while (<$lfh>) {
chomp;
my @left_cols = split /\Q$delimiter\E/;
$col_count{ 1 } ||= @left_cols;
my $key = key( \@left_cols, \@left_key_cols );
if ($seen{ $key } and $on_duplicate{1}) {
my $diff = $seen{ $key } ne $_;
if ($diff or !$smart_duplicates) {
$on_duplicate{1}->($key,$_,$left)
};
};
$seen{ $key }++;
my $out;
my @right_cols;
if (exists $right{ $key }) {
@right_cols = split /\Q$delimiter\E/, $right{ $key };
} else {
@right_cols = ($nullvalue) x $col_count{ 2 };
};
if (exists $right{ $key } or $output_missing{1}) {
if (! $expanded_output_columns) {
@output_cols = expand_output_columns(@output_cols);
$expanded_output_columns++;
};
output \@left_cols, \@right_cols;
};
};
@output_cols = expand_output_columns(@output_cols);
if ($output_missing{2}) {
warn "Writing right-missing keys"
if $progress;
my @left_cols = ($nullvalue) x $col_count{ 1 };
while ((my ($key,$v)) = each %right) {
if (! $seen{ $key }) {
my @right_cols = split /\Q$delimiter\E/, $v;
output \@left_cols, \@right_cols;
};
};
};
__END__
=head1 NAME
join - join two files by common key columns
=head1 SYNOPSIS
join.pl [OPTIONS] FILE1 FILE2
join.pl --on 1,2 file1.txt file2.txt
join.pl --left 1,2 --right 3,4 file1.txt file2.txt
=head1 OPTIONS
=item B<--on COL> - specify a single column number to join both files
+on
This is a shorthand for C<--left COL --right COL>
=item B<--missing FILE> - output rows only in one file
C<--missing 1> will output rows that only exist in the left file.
=item B<--null VAL> - string for the null value
When a row is output through the C<--missing> option, the missing
values will be replaced by the value given.
The default is an empty string, "".
Example: --null NULL
=item B<--warn-on-duplicates FILE> - output a warning if duplicate key
+s are found in the file
=item B<--die-on-duplicates FILE> - die if duplicate keys are found in
+ the file
These options govern how the program behaves when it encounters
duplicate keys in a file.
=item B<--smart-duplicates> - be smart about duplicates
This setting enables smart duplicate handling that will
only consider a row as duplicate if the key is identical but
the remaining values differ.
=item B<--left COL1,COL2> - specify key columns for the left file
=item B<--right COL1,COL2> - specify key columns for the right file
The column counts starting at 1. The default column is 1.
=item B<--output COL1,COL2> - specify columns to output
If you want to reorder or omit columns use this to
list the columns. Each column must be in the format
C<M.N> where M is either 1 for the left file or
2 for the right file, and N is the column number.
There are two shorthands:
C<M.*> will include all columns from the source file
in source order.
C<M.%> will include all columns from the source file
except the key columns in source order.
The default is C<1.* 2.%>, which will append
the non-key columns of the right file to the left file.
=item B<--delimiter DEL> - specify column input delimiter
The default input delimiter is a tab. No automatic
delimiter recognition is done yet.
=item B<--output-delimiter DEL> - specify output column delimiter
The output column delimiter defaults to the input
column delimiter.
=item B<--progress> - be verbose in the progress
Some diagnostic messages will be output to STDERR
as the program progresses.
=item B<--disk> - use disk memory for joining instead of RAM
This will use disk memory for storing the index instead
of using RAM.
=item B<--version> - print program version
Outputs the program version.
=item B<--help> - print this page
Outputs this help text.
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Results (192 votes). Check out past polls. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Pritam Singh (RJ Preetam Pyare)
The result was delete. seems to be clear consensus that he is not yet notable DGG ( talk ) 07:10, 23 April 2015 (UTC)
Pritam Singh (RJ Preetam Pyare)
* – ( View AfD View log Stats )
Notability is neither asserted nor verified. Fiddle Faddle 07:21, 14 April 2015 (UTC)
* Redirect to Bigg Boss 8. Perhaps WP:TOOSOON, but at the moment, his notability is based only on being on the show and the typical Z-list celebrity gigs offered to such contestants afterwards. Boleyn (talk) 07:50, 14 April 2015 (UTC)
* Comment The Youtube, Tunein.com and Haathichiti.com sources fail WP:BLPSPS in my opionion, but I'm not sure about the "I Just Love Movies" cite. Even if that's OK, it and the Big Boss 8 cite do not seem to be enough to establish notability for a stand-alone article. In addition, I indirectly came across this AfD from this Teahouse question. The editor,, who posted that question also just has started working on Draft:Pritam Singh (Actor, RJ). From the Teahouse question, it appears that Toshwets is a close childhood friend of Pyare and wants to ensure that Pyare's Wikipedia article does not hampers the [Pyare's] image and career in the long run. It also seems as if the actor (Pyare) the page is written about wishes to create a new page and block this page. All of that seems not only contrary to WP:NOT, but also an apparent COI. Deleting this article might be the proper thing to do, but that might give the impression that a new one (more favorable to Pyare perhaps) can simply be created in its place. Not sure if that falls under the purview of this AfD, but I felt it should be mentioned. - Marchjuly (talk) 08:49, 14 April 2015 (UTC)
* FYI: the editor submitted the draft at AfC yesterday but was rejected. I'm not sure whether the user understands the AFC process. He inquired on my talk page, seeming rather upset about the rejection, and I suggested that he work on this article instead of creating a concurrent draft. wia (talk) 13:15, 22 April 2015 (UTC)
* Delete or redirect. The subject doesn't stand up on its own for an article, if there is a plausible search term, it should redirect to the above noted article. -- Jayron 32 14:58, 14 April 2015 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of People-related deletion discussions. Lakun.patra (talk) 20:20, 14 April 2015 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of India-related deletion discussions. Lakun.patra (talk) 20:20, 14 April 2015 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Radio-related deletion discussions. North America1000 20:34, 14 April 2015 (UTC)
* Note: This debate has been included in the list of Television-related deletion discussions. North America1000 20:35, 14 April 2015 (UTC)
* Delete due to a lack of non-trivial coverage from reliable publications. Regards, Yamaguchi先生 (talk) 22:38, 14 April 2015 (UTC)
* Another page on same person Pritam Singh (Actor, RJ) has been created. I have nominated that for CSD WP:A10. 220 of Borg 05:46, 21 April 2015 (UTC)
* I have redirected that page to the first page. Zeke Essiestudy (talk) 07:02, 21 April 2015 (UTC)
* Keep. This page will do nicely. If not keep, Userfy/Draftify. Zeke Essiestudy (talk) 07:02, 21 April 2015 (UTC)
* This article is currently supported by Facebook, Google Plus, IMDb, and similar unsuitable sources, including circular links back to Wikipedia. Would you mind explaining your recommendation to keep? Regards, Yamaguchi先生 (talk) 18:09, 21 April 2015 (UTC)
* There are at least 3 suitable sources. Zeke Essiestudy (talk) 06:37, 22 April 2015 (UTC)
* Delete Due to lack of proper notability right now. Let him become more famous. -- C E (talk) 13:22, 22 April 2015 (UTC)
| WIKI |
Perinatal Depression Treatment and Child Development: A Follow-up of the Thinking Healthy Programme
Project Title
A Follow-up of the Thinking Healthy Programme
Year
2012-2014
Collaborators
Duke University, USA; University of Liverpool, UK
Project Information
Perinatal Depression, affecting a significant number of women in low-income countries, is a known risk factor for impaired child development. The purpose of this project is to explore whether a perinatal depression treatment (Thinking Healthy Programme, THP) leads to an improvement in the developmental outcomes in the offspring.In 2005, 903 pregnant women with perinatal depression from two rural sub-districts (Gujar Khan and Kallar Syedan) of District Rawalpindi, Pakistan were randomized into treatment and control arms. The women in the intervention arm received a Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) based psycho-social intervention (THP) through trained Lady Health Workers (LHWs), while the women in control arm received Enhanced Routine Care. The children of these mothers will now be 6-7 years old in 2012, thus allowing for an assessment of cognitive, socio-economical, motor and physical development outcomes.
The THP intervention provided a holistic approach on creating an environment for the mother to nurture her own and her surroundings through CBT techniques (active listening, collaboration with the family, guided discovery of alternative health beliefs, assigning of homework to apply what had been learned) into routine maternal and child health education through the LHW system in Pakistan. These THP sessions provided by the LHWs focused on identifying and modifying mood disturbances common in depression specific to how the mother perceives her own health, her relationship with the baby and the people around her (changing “unhealthy thinking” to “healthy thinking”). This intervention was accompanied with health education and supporting materials that were socio-culturally sensitive pictorial and verbal key messages to facilitate the discovery of alternative health beliefs. At 6 months post partum, 77% of mothers in the intervention group recovered from their depressive disorder compared to 47% in the control group, effects which were sustained at 12 months. Parents in the intervention group reported spending more time everyday on play-related activities.
The Proposed THP follow-up study consists of re-enrolling the original THP study participants and assessing developmental outcomes in the children. Furthermore, the LHWs who participated in the original study will also be interviewed to better understand the factors influencing the THP intervention in the field.
The specific domains we propose to assess include cognitive development, socio-emotional functioning, as well as overall health indicators. Our primary hypothesis is that children of mothers who participated in the THP will have better cognitive outcomes and socio-emotional functioning when compared to children of mothers randomized to the control group. Our secondary hypothesis is that there will be a convergence of developmental outcomes between the THP children and children of women who were not depressed prenatally. We will also collect data on potential mediators and moderators.
If the study demonstrates a positive impact of the intervention on child outcomes, it will provide a major impetus to policy-makers to address maternal depression in early child development strategies. The intervention, which is designed to be integrated into existing maternal and child health programs, and delivered by non-specialists, would provide a sustainable model for replication in other settings.
Publications
In progress | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Topic: What does "Zoom Update item (+ related)" do?
Topic type:
I'm a site administrator and I have noticed a link to "Zoom Update item (+ related)" on item pages. What does it actually do?
This link is ONLY shown to site administrators. Most of the time even they can safely ignore it. However, occasionally it is handy for specific issues which is why it was created. Here's the background:
Kete's browse and search results and related item lists are powered by the Zebra text indexing software, commonly called a search engine, which is separate from Kete's main database, a RDBMS, for its information.
Zebra must be fed copies of the records that describe Kete items whenever items are added, edited, deleted, or linked to each other as related items. We use ZOOM to tell Zebra to sync up our information and how.
Since the same information is stored in two separate places there is a potential for it to fall out of sync. In Kete's case, the RDBMS data is always the canonical copy of the data and the Zebra records are where an item's data may be different from what it should be. The "ZOOM Update item (+ related)" action simply updates the records for the item and all its related items in Zebra so it matches the main database. If the item has a large amount of related items, this may take quite awhile.
Site administrators may use it if they notice that the browse or search results do not match what is in an item's detail page.
In some instances it won't be sufficient to fix the problem. Then you may need to "Administrator's Toolbox > Rebuild search databases" to completely clear and rebuild all your Zebra records.
Discuss This Topic
There are 0 comments in this discussion.
join this discussion
Tags
Tags: ZOOM, Zebra, rebuild
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 New Zealand License
What does "Zoom Update item (+ related)" do? by Walter McGinnis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 New Zealand License | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Does FB Messenger Delete Old Messages?
How long do messages stay on messenger?
Facebook’s message expiration feature can be enabled from a dedicated “Disappearing Messages” tab on a contact’s page in the Messenger app, according to the screenshots.
Messages for a conversation thread can then be set to expire after 1 minute, 15 minutes, 1 hour, 4 hours, or 24 hours..
Does Messenger automatically delete old messages?
YES, if you are taking about Self-Destructing messages like in Mission impossible movies (Automatically deleting messages after certain amount of time). For this you have to chat in Secret conversation mode. … So, for example, if you have set 1 Minute and sent a message.
Do Facebook messages automatically delete?
No, it doesn’t. Unless you take action to delete them yourself (either intentionally or unintentionally) your conversations will remain in your account as long as your account exists. Even if you deactivate your account your messages will still be there when you reactivate it.
Can you retrieve deleted messages from messenger?
Restore Deleted Messages via Facebook Messenger on Android If you have your messages archived in your Facebook Messenger app, then you get the chance to restore deleted Facebook messages easily. … Once you find the conversation, simply select it and press Unarchive Message option to unarchive it.
How do Messenger messages disappear?
When you send a message in a secret conversation, you can also set a timer to have your message disappear from the conversation. Your message will disappear in the amount of time you choose after the other person sees the message. … Tap Done to set a timer to make the message disappear.
How do you delete Facebook messages on both sides?
How to delete Facebook messages on both sides:Tap and hold the message.Click “Remove.”Select “Remove for Everyone.”Confirm removal of the message.A tombstone will appear in the message thread, stating “You removed a message.” | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Kenneth McKellar (politician)
Kenneth Douglas McKellar (January 29, 1869 – October 25, 1957) was an American politician from Tennessee who served as a United States Representative from 1911 until 1917 and as a United States Senator from 1917 until 1953. A Democrat, he served longer in both houses of Congress than anyone else in Tennessee history.
Only a few other congressmen in American history have served longer in both houses.
Early life and career
McKellar was a native of Dallas County, Alabama. He graduated from the University of Alabama in 1891 and its law school in 1892.
He moved to Memphis, Tennessee and is related to Henry Nickey, an MUS Basketball star, and was admitted to the state bar the same year. McKellar joined the Democratic Party, which dominated the politics of West Tennessee, where plantations were historically and economically important. He was first elected to the House in a special election in November 1911 to succeed George W. Gordon in Tennessee's 10th congressional district, which included Memphis. He won the seat in his own right in 1912 and was reelected in 1914, serving until his election to the United States Senate.
He was a presidential elector in 1904.
United States Senate
McKellar ran for the Senate in 1916, defeating incumbent Senator Luke Lea in the Democratic primary and winning the general election against former Republican Governor Ben W. Hooper. He was reelected to the Senate in 1922 (defeating former Senator Newell Sanders), 1928 (defeating former U.S. Assistant Attorney General James Alexander Fowler), 1934 (again defeating Ben Hooper), 1940 (against Howard Baker, Sr., father of future Senator Howard Baker), and 1946 when he defeated William B. Ladd.
McKellar was considered a moderate progressive in his early days in the Senate, and he supported many of President Woodrow Wilson's reform initiatives as well as ratification of the Treaty of Versailles. During President Franklin D. Roosevelt's administration, McKellar staunchly supported the New Deal, especially the creation of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), to provide flood control and generate hydropower for rural electrification in the Tennessee Valley. McKellar was close ally of Memphis Democratic political boss E. H. Crump.
Kenneth McKellar was a crusader for free trade; he supported the repeal of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff after 1930. Despite his early support for the policies of Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR), McKellar became more conservative in his political stances. He opposed several of the administration's appointments. He had a prolonged feud with FDR's appointee to head the TVA, David E. Lilienthal.
As ranking member of the Appropriations Committee McKellar, who was an avid supporter of property rights, successfully forced the TVA to properly reimburse landowners whose property was taken over by the TVA for such purposes as dam building and creation of lakes or reservoirs. Prior to McKellar's threats to withhold Federal appropriations for the purchase of uranium early in World War II, the TVA was commonly offering to give landholders "pennies on the dollar" for their properties. As head of the Appropriations Committee, McKellar knew about the appropriations needed for the Manhattan Project to build an atomic bomb. He was often called upon to "keep the secret" of the Manhattan Project by mingling funds for the bomb project with other projects, or through carefully planned (secret) War Projects Funding. As the Tennessee Valley Authority was centered in Tennessee, his home state, McKellar reacted to what he thought was harsh TVA treatment of his constituents as a personal affront by Lilienthal.
McKellar's threat to withhold funding for purchases of uranium had a much deeper meaning, though. Lilienthal was also closely associated with the Manhattan Project's work to electromagnetically enrich uranium, coincidentally at the facility later known as Y-12. Ernest Lawrence's "electromagnetic" enrichment of uranium at Oak Ridge would eventually use the electricity created by the TVA to enrich the uranium used in the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima. By threatening to withhold funding for the purchase of uranium, McKellar was demonstrating to Lilienthal that the politician, as ranking member and Acting Chairman of the Appropriations Committee, held the power. He forced Lilienthal to have the TVA pay fair market value for land it appropriated.
McKellar twice served as President pro tempore of the United States Senate. Beginning in 1945, he was the first to hold the position under the seniority system that has prevailed since of reserving it for the majority party. When Harry Truman became president in April 1945, upon FDR's death, the vice presidency became vacant. (The mechanism for filling intra-term vacancies had not yet been created by the 25th Amendment.) McKellar became the permanent Presiding Officer of the United States Senate.
Also, as the President pro tempore of the Senate had, prior to 1886, been second in the presidential line of succession, behind only the vice president, Truman viewed McKellar as the logical wartime replacement for himself, and asked McKellar to attend all Cabinet meetings. In 1947 Truman successfully lobbied Congress to pass a new Presidential Succession Act, restoring both the Speaker of the House and the President pro tempore of the Senate to the succession ahead of Cabinet secretaries. By the time the law came into effect, McKellar was no longer in the position of President pro tempore, as the Republicans had gained the majority in the 80th Congress. Truman vetoed the Taft-Hartley Act in 1947 to restrict labor unions, which McKellar had favored. Truman selected Alben Barkley of Kentucky as his running mate in the 1948 presidential election. When Democrats regained control of the Senate following the 1948 elections, McKellar again became President pro tempore. He was second in line for the presidency (behind the Speaker of the House) from January 3, 1949 until January 20, 1949, when Alben Barkley took office as Vice President of the United States.
McKellar also served as chairman of the Civil Service Committee, Post Office and Road Committee, and, most notably, the powerful Appropriations Committee from 1945–1947, and again from 1949–1953.
Longevity
McKellar is the only Tennessee senator to have completed more than three full terms. Except for McKellar, Tennessee has generally not joined in the Southern tradition of reelecting senators for protracted periods of service.
Before the era of popular election of U.S. Senators, Senator William B. Bate was elected to a fourth term by the Tennessee General Assembly, but he died five days into this term, while Senator Isham G. Harris also died early in his fourth term. Senator Joseph Anderson was elected by the General Assembly to three full terms plus the balance of the term of William Blount, who had been expelled from the Senate.
1952 election
In 1952 McKellar stood for a seventh term (the first Senator to do so), despite being 83. He was opposed for renomination by Middle Tennessee Congressman Albert Gore. McKellar's reelection slogan was "Thinking Feller? Vote McKellar", which Gore countered with "Think Some More – Vote for Gore." Gore defeated McKellar for the Democratic nomination in August in what was widely regarded as something of an upset. At this point in Tennessee history, the Democratic nomination for statewide office was still "tantamount to election." Most African Americans had been disenfranchised by discriminatory laws and practices, resulting in the Republican Party being active chiefly in East Tennessee. This had been the case since the Civil War. Gore served three full terms in the Senate.
McKellar's defeat was part of a statewide trend of change in 1952. That year incumbent governor of Tennessee Gordon Browning was defeated by Frank G. Clement. Browning, who had served a total of three terms as governor, the last two successive, had also at one point been a close ally of Crump's but had since broken ranks with him. As Clement and Gore were both considerably younger and regarded as more progressive than their predecessors, some historians cite the 1952 elections as an indication that Tennessee entered into the "New South" era of Southern politics earlier than most of the other Southern states.
Legacy
McKellar wrote a book about his Tennessee predecessors in the Senate called Tennessee Senators as Seen by One of Their Successors (1942). In recent years it has been updated by one of his successors, former Senate Majority Leader Dr. Bill Frist.
Lake McKellar, bordering the Memphis President's Island industrial area along the Mississippi River and McKellar-Sipes Regional Airport (originally "McKellar Field") in Jackson, Tennessee ("MKL") are both named in his honor.
McKellar died on October 25, 1957. He is interred at Elmwood Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee.
Representation in other media
Some have speculated that Senator McKellar was the inspiration for the character South Carolina Senator Seabright Cooley in Allen Drury's novel Advise and Consent.
McKellar was portrayed by actor/country singer Ed Bruce in the film Public Enemies (2009) and Michael O'Neill in the film J. Edgar (2011). | WIKI |
When using filezilla on Windows, literally I tried connection many times/ways and it didn’t work. I ended up being banned by fail2ban/firewall. Rebooting the vps didn’t help. Hence, I needed to manually un-ban myself.
It actually happened again, so I think it’s time for writting it here in case others folks have same issue.
My steps:
1. First, I tried to confirm if my IP was blocked, and this command shows list of IPs current blocked/ban: sudo iptables -L -n
2. Find public ip address. I was not sure what my public IP address was, so In computer where I do ssh access, Google for the following to obtain public address (currently blocked by firewall/fail2ban): my public ip address
3. Find the jail name. I was not aware how to do this, but in fail2ban.org site documentation I found this command which lists all current jails: sudo fail2ban-client status
4. With information from point 1 and 3, I ran the following command to un-ban my ipaddress: sudo fail2ban-client set sshd unbanip 999.999.999.999
5. Try ssh access and it worked this time.
For sure I will come back to this guide :p
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 94 Part 2.djvu/620
94 STAT. 1898
Ante, p. 1897.
PUBLIC LAW 96-448—OCT. 14, 1980
"(9) to cooperate with the States on transportation matters to assure that intrastate regulatory jurisdiction is exercised in accordance with the standards established in this subtitle; "(10) to encourage honest and efficient management of railroads and, in particular, the elimination of noncompensatory rates for rail transportation; "(11) to require rail carriers, to the maximum extent practicable, to rely on individual rate increases, and to limit the use of increases of general applicability; "(12) to encourage fair wages and safe and suitable working conditions in the railroad industry; "(13) to prohibit predatory pricing and practices, to avoid undue concentrations of market power and to prohibit unlawful discrimination; "(14) to ensure the availability of accurate cost information in regulatory proceedings, while minimizing the burden on rail carriers of developing and maintaining the capability of providing such information; and "(15) to encourage and promote energy conservation.". (b) Section 10101(a) of title 49, United States Code, is amended by striking out "To ensure" and inserting in lieu thereof "Except where policy has an impact on rail carriers, in which case the principles of section 10101a of this title shall govern, to ensure". (c) The section analysis of chapter 101 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 10101 the following new item: "lOlOla. Rail transportation policy.".
TITLE II—RAILROAD RATES AND INTER-CARRIER PRACTICES REGULATION OF RAILROAD RATES
SEC. 201. (a) Subchapter I of chapter 107 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 10701 the following new section: 49 USC 10701a. "§ 10701a. Standards for rates for rail carriers "(a) Except as provided in subsection Qy) or (c) of this section and unless a rate is prohibited by a provision of this title, a rail carrier providing transportation subject to the jurisdiction of the Interstate 49 USC 10501. Commerce Commission under subchapter I of chapter 105 of this title may establish any rate for transportation or other service provided by the carrier. "(b)(l) If the Commission determines, under section 10709 of this 49 USC 10709. title, that a rail carrier has market dominance over the transportation to which a particular rate applies, the rate established by such carrier for such transportation must be reasonable. "(2) In any proceeding to determine the reasonableness of a rate described in paragraph (1) of this subsection— "(A) the shipper challenging such rate shall have the burden of proving that such rate is not reasonable if^ "(i) such rate (I) is authorized under section 10707a of this title, and (II) results in a revenue-variable cost percentage for the transportation to which the rate applies that is less than the lesser of the percentages described in clauses (i) and Post, p. 1901. (ii) of section 10707a(e)(2)(A) of this title; or
� | WIKI |
Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 21.djvu/296
Gideon became, writes a contemporary, 'the great oracle and leader of Jonathan's Coffee House in Exchange Alley,' afterwards the Stock Exchange in Threadneedle Street (, Anecdotes, ix. 642). He began to be consulted by the government in 1742, when Walpole desired his advice in raising a loan for the Spanish war. His aid became still more important to Pelham in 1743 and 1744, when the French fleet held the Channel and the funds were falling. In 1745, when the advance of Charles Edward to Derby threw the city into a panic, he freely lent his property and his credit to the government, and raised a loan of 1,700,000l. In 1749 he advised and carried through the consolidation of the national debt and the reduction of its interest, and in 1750 is said to have raised a million, three per cent., at par. He also, in 1753, raised a loan for the citizens at Danzig. At the beginning of the seven years' war in 1756, he paid a bounty from his estates for the recruiting of the army; and in the great years of the war, 1758-9 (as is shown by letters from the Dukes of Newcastle and Devonshire), he was almost wholly relied on by the government for the raising of loans. He added little to his forr tune from this time till his death, and even sold parts of his estates, owing to his preoccupation with government finance.
He built a fine house at Belvedere, near Erith (which is now used for a merchant sailors' asylum), and collected a remarkable gallery of pictures by the old masters, which is now at Bedwell Park, Hertfordshire, the seat of his descendant, Mrs. Culling Hanbury. According to Horace Walpole, Gideon purchased, in 1751, many paintings that had belonged to Sir Robert Walpole. Though so closely connected with the government, he took no part in support of the measure introduced by the Pelhams in 1750 for the naturalisation of the Jews. It was his ambition to be made a baronet; but, this being considered impossible on account of his religion, a baronetcy was conferred in 1759 on his son Sampson, then a boy of fifteen under education as a Christian at Eton. He possessed, besides his mansion at Belvedere, large estates at Salden in Buckinghamshire, at Spalding and Caistor in Lincolnshire, and at Borough Fen, near Peterborough. As lord of the manor of Spalding he was elected in member of the well-known antiquarian 'Gentlemen's Society at Spalding' (, Anecdotes, vi. 85).
Gideon married Elizabeth Erwell, a member of the church of England. He ceased all open connection with the Portuguese synagogue at Bevis Marks in 1753, yet he never himself joined the Christian church. 'He breeds his children Christians,' Horace Walpole wrote correctly in 1753. Gideon's youngest daughter, Elizabeth, married (1757) William Hall Gage, second viscount Gage. All his estates descended to his only son, Sampson (1744-1824), who married (6 Dec. 1766) the daughter of Chief-justice Sir John Eardley Wilmot, assumed the surname of Eardley in July 1789, and was in October 1789 created Lord Eardley in the Irish peerage. The peerage became extinct at his death in 1824, his two sons, Sampson Eardley, a detenu after the peace of Amiens, and Colonel Eardley of the guards, having died before him. LordEardley's three daughters married respectively Lord Saye and Sele, Sir Culling Smith (father of Sir [q. v.]), and J. W. Childers, esq., of Cantley, near Doncaster, among whom his estates were divided.
Gideon was a man of remarkable amiability and generosity, 'of strong natural understanding, and of some fun and humour.' At his death, which took place at Belvedere on 17 Oct. 1762, it was found that he had continued to pay his contribution to the synagogue under the name of Peloni Almoni,. and he was buried with much ceremony in the Jewish cemetery at Mile End. He left legacies by will, dated 17 April 1760, to many charities, both Jewish and Christian, including the Portuguese synagogue and the Corporation of the Sons of the Clergy, to which he had been an annual subscriber of 100l. during his lifetime. To the Duke of Devonshire, one of his executors, he left the reversion of his estates if his children died without issue. Much of Gideon's correspondence with the Duke of Newcastle (1756–1762) and others is among the Addit. MSS. at the British Museum.
GIFFARD. [See also .]
GIFFARD, AMBROSE HARDINGE (1771–1827), chief justice of Ceylon, eldest son of John Giffard (1745-1819), high sheriff of Dublin in 1794, accountant-general of customs in Dublin, and a prominent loyalist, was born at Dublin in 1771. His mother was Sarah, daughter of William Norton, esq., of Ballynaclash, co. Wexford. The Giffards were an ancient Devonshire family; but the grandfather of the chief justice, who was the disinherited grandson of John | WIKI |
Transactions
A transaction consists of a sequence of query and/or update statements. The SQL
standard specifies that a transaction begins implicitly when an SQL statement is
executed. One of the following SQL statements must end the transaction:
Commit work commits the current transaction; that is, it makes the updates
performed by the transaction become permanent in the database. After the
transaction is committed, a new transaction is automatically started.
Rollback work causes the current transaction to be rolled back; that is, it
undoes all the updates performed by the SQL statements in the transaction.
Thus, the database state is restored to what it was before the first statement
of the transaction was executed.
The keyword work is optional in both the statements.
Transaction rollback is useful if some error condition is detected during ex?ecution of a transaction. Commit is similar, in a sense, to saving changes to a
document that is being edited, while rollback is similar to quitting the edit ses?sion without saving changes. Once a transaction has executed commit work, its
effects can no longer be undone by rollback work. The database system guarantees that in the event of some failure, such as an error in one of the SQL statements,
a power outage, or a system crash, a transaction’s effects will be rolled back if it
has not yet executed commit work. In the case of power outage or other system
crash, the rollback occurs when the system restarts.
For instance, consider a banking application, where we need to transfer money
from one bank account to another in the same bank. To do so, we need to update
two account balances, subtracting the amount transferred from one, and adding
it to the other. If the system crashes after subtracting the amount from the first
account, but before adding it to the second account, the bank balances would be
inconsistent. A similar problem would occur, if the second account is credited
before subtracting the amount from the first account, and the system crashes just
after crediting the amount.
As another example, consider our running example of a university applica?tion. We assume that the attribute tot_cred of each tuple in the student relation
is kept up-to-date by modifying it whenever the student successfully completes
a course. To do so, whenever the takes relation is updated to record successful
completion of a course by a student (by assigning an appropriate grade) the corresponding student tuple must also be updated. If the application performing these two updates crashes after one update is performed, but before the second one is performed, the data in the database would be inconsistent.
By either committing the actions of a transaction after all its steps are com?pleted, or rolling back all its actions in case the transaction could not complete
all its actions successfully, the database provides an abstraction of a transaction
as being atomic, that is, indivisible. Either all the effects of the transaction are
reflected in the database, or none are (after rollback).
Applying the notion of transactions to the above applications, the update
statements should be executed as a single transaction. An error while a transaction
executes one of its statements would result in undoing of the effects of the earlier
statements of the transaction, so that the database is not left in a partially updated
state.
If a program terminates without executing either of these commands, the
updates are either committed or rolled back. The standard does not specify which
of the two happens, and the choice is implementation dependent.
In many SQL implementations, by default each SQL statement is taken to be a
transaction on its own, and gets committed as soon as it is executed. Automatic
commit of individual SQL statements must be turned off if a transaction consisting
of multiple SQL statements needs to be executed. How to turn off automatic
commit depends on the specific SQL implementation, although there is a standard
way of doing this using application program interfaces such as JDBC or ODBC,
which we study later, in Sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.2, respectively.
A better alternative, which is part of the SQL:1999 standard (but supported by
only some SQL implementations currently), is to allow multiple SQL statements
to be enclosed between the keywords begin atomic ... end. All the statements
between the keywords then form a single transaction.
We study further properties of transactions in Chapter 14; issues in imple?menting transactions in a single database are addressed in Chapters 15 and 16,
while Chapter 19 addresses issues in implementing transactions across multiple
databases, to deal with problems such as transfer of money across accounts in
different banks, which have different databases.
Frequently Asked Questions
+
Ans: In our examples up to this point, we have operated at the logical-model level. That is, we have assumed that the relations in the collection we are given are the actual relations stored in the database. view more..
+
Ans: We introduced the natural join operation. SQL provides other forms of the join operation, including the ability to specify an explicit join predicate, and the ability to include in the result tuples that are excluded by natural join. We shall discuss these forms of join in this section. view more..
+
Ans: We have restricted our attention until now to the extraction of information from the database. Now, we show how to add,remove, or change information with SQL. view more..
+
Ans: A transaction consists of a sequence of query and/or update statements. view more..
+
Ans: Integrity constraints ensure that changes made to the database by authorized users do not result in a loss of data consistency. view more..
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User:Aschimmo/be bold
Being bold is important on Wikipedia.
The pioneers used to ride these babies for miles. | WIKI |
The bloody fall of Jerusalem to the Christian Crusaders on July 15, 1099 was one of the darkest days in Islamic history.
The culmination of the First Crusade, the conquest of Jerusalem was characterised by wanton killing and destruction which was readily admitted by those who fought on the Christian side, as an eyewitness described:
“Now that our men had possession of the walls and the towers wonderful sights were to be seen. Some of our men cut off the heads of our enemies, others shot them with arrows, others tortured them longer by casting them into the flames.
“Piles of heads, hands and feet were to be seen in the streets of the city. It was necessary to pick one’s way over the bodies of men and horses.
“But these were small matters compared to what happened at the Temple of Solomon, where men rode in blood up to their knees and bridal reins. Indeed it was a just and splendid judgement of God that this place should be filled with the blood of the unbelievers since it had suffered so long from their blasphemies.”
The First Crusade
In 1095 Pope Urban II called for a religious and military campaign to retake Jerusalem from the Saracens (Muslims).
The reasons behind the Crusade were complex but among them were religious fervour; the desire to come to the aid of Christian pilgrims who were allegedly being persecuted; territorial expansion; and the need to send troublesome Christian knights on a foreign mission.
The Pope promised those who volunteered for the Crusade salvation in the hereafter and the prospect of riches in this life.
He said: “Let those who have been accustomed unjustly to wage private war against the faithful now go against the infidels and end with victory this war which should have been begun long ago.
“Let those who for a time have been robbers now become knights. Let those who have been fighting against their brothers and relatives now fight in a proper way against the barbarians. Let those who have been serving as mercenaries for small pay now obtain the eternal reward.”
The Christians were largely ignorant about Islam and believed that Muslims worshipped Muhammad. And their hatred had been stoked by fierce fighting against Muslims which had already been taking place in modern day Spain.
Meanwhile, the Muslims saw the Crusaders as crude and ignorant savages with an inferior culture to their own.
When the Muslims captured Jerusalem in 637 they allowed Jews to return to the city (they had been banished in 136 by the Roman Emperor Hadrian), and there had been a generally high degree of religious tolerance under Muslim leadership. Christians, for example, were allowed to visit their holy sites.
But as the First Crusade was launched the Muslim world was divided – Jerusalem was controlled by the Seljuks but the Shia Fatimids, whose Caliphate was based in Cairo, took it back in 1098.
Because of these divisions, as the Crusaders advanced in the Middle East they were sometimes even welcomed by Muslims who allied with them against their fellow Muslim enemies.
The Crusaders had set out from Europe with 5,000 knights and 30,000 footsoldiers, most Frenchmen, and as they advanced they murdered and pillaged, killing lots of Jews, especially. Nevertheless they attracted greater numbers, mostly peasants and mobs.
In fact, so unruly was their behaviour that when they arrived in Constantinople the Orthodox Christian Byzantine Emperor swiftly moved them on.
By now the Fatimid governor of Jerusalem was expecting an attack and had expelled Orthodox Christians in preparation to defend the city.
But he would have to wait because the Crusaders were delayed by the siege of Antioch which lasted eight months before then resting for a further six months, before finally launching their attack on Jerusalem.
Slaughter and carnage
On June 7, 1099 12,000 Crusaders first saw Jerusalem. They then embarked upon a relatively short siege of one month and decided to attack early because of a shortage of water.
They built siege towers to attack the city’s walls with the final assault coming on July 14. A great slaughter ensued and the city was looted. The carnage was awful as Jews and Muslims were put to the sword. The city’s Christians were only spared because they had already been expelled.
A great stench hung over the city for days with possibly 10,000 dead. The historian Ibn Athir said: “It was discord between the Muslim princes that enabled the Franks to overrun the country.”
The Crusaders would hold onto Jerusalem for nearly 90 years before the great Muslim leader Salahuddin al-Ayyubi took it back in 1187. In contrast to the Crusader carnage the Muslim general would show mercy to those he conquered. | FINEWEB-EDU |
Martillichthys
Martillichthys is an extinct genus of pachycormiform fish, known from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) Oxford Clay, England. It is a member of the suspension feeding clade within the Pachycormiformes, most closely related to Asthenocormus. | WIKI |
show your machine's ip address instantly with sfk ip for Windows, Mac OS X and Linux.
sfk ip [shortip] [-help], sfk ownips [-help]
list the current machines ip address(es),
or expand a short ip for use in further commands.
a short ip can be given like 100, .100, .2.100
options
-first show just the first ip of all ips
which are not localhost.
default since sfk 1.9.6.2 is to
show all ip's, if not filtered by
environment variables (see below)
-all show all ip's, ignoring any given
environment variable
environment variables
multiple network interfaces will display
multiple ip's. to filter or predefine the
output of 'sfk ip' you can use:
set SFK_OWN_NET=192.168.1
to define your preferred subnet.
e.g. if your computer has ip's
192.168.56.1
192.168.1.100
then 'sfk ip' will select the 2nd address.
set SFK_OWN_IP=192.168.1.100
to define your machine's IP manually,
for calls to 'sfk ip' within batch files.
chaining support
output chaining is supported.
web reference
http://stahlworks.com/sfk-ip
examples
sfk ip
list own machine's list of ip's,
possibly filtered by environment variables.
sfk ip -all
list own machine's list of ip's
ignoring any environment variable.
sfk ip 100 +run "putty user@#text"
expand short ip to 192.168.1.100 if own
machine is within a subnet 192.168.1
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Draft:Her Highness Sheikha Alanood Mana Alhajri
__NOINDEX__
The result of the discussion was: Speedy deleted per author request (non-admin closure) * Pppery * it has begun... 04:16, 13 May 2023 (UTC) Article on this person already exists. The article is Moza bint Nasser. Falls under Speedy redirect.
* This is incorrect, Sheikha Moza bint Nasser is her mother in law and a completely different person. This article is about Sheikha Alanood not Sheikha Moza. Therefore this article has not been written before
| WIKI |
Wikipedia:WikiProject Articles for creation/Help desk/Archives/2023 June 22
= June 22 =
07:46, 22 June 2023 review of submission by Nartenn
Hi, how do references 1, 2 and 5 not count as WP:PRIMARY? Please, review the submission, so that the article can be published. Thanks Nartenn (talk) 07:46, 22 June 2023 (UTC)
* @Nartenn: I'm not sure what you're asking, exactly, but regarding sources 1, 2 and 5:
* 1 and 2 are just CoHo filings, which only confirm that the company exists
* 5 is almost certainly based on some sort of publicity materials
* For notability per WP:GNG, we need to see significant coverage in multiple secondary sources that are reliable and independent of the subject. -- DoubleGrazing (talk) 07:56, 22 June 2023 (UTC)
08:29, 22 June 2023 review of submission by Alan347
How can I get this page accepted please ? I can't understand how to improve it. I mean looking it at it it does not look any different than other pages about other people who got approved. Alan347 (talk) 08:29, 22 June 2023 (UTC)
* @Alan347: ignore other articles; we don't assess drafts in reference to existing articles, but to the currently applicable guidelines and standards. (See OTHERSTUFFEXISTS.)
* For this draft to be accepted, you need to show that this person is notable, either by the WP:GNG general notability guideline, or by one of the special guidelines such as WP:NPOL for politicians or WP:NPROF for academics. Currently none of these standards is met (or at least wasn't, when I reviewed this a week or so ago).
* You should also respond to the COI query placed on your talk page at User talk:Alan347. Thank you. -- DoubleGrazing (talk) 08:47, 22 June 2023 (UTC)
* Hi @Alan347. Wikipedia is only interested in summarising what independent third party reliable sources say about a topic or person. References 1 and 2 are primary sources so cannot be used other than to validate basic biographical facts. Reference 3 is not independent of Michael as he is an op-ed columnist with the source. Source 5 can only be used to cite his unsuccessful election result.
* You need to go find some independent third party sources that extensively cover Michael, and then summarise them, making sure to cite each statement or fact. Please have a good read of the Verifiability policy.
* Hope that helps, Qcne (talk) 09:37, 22 June 2023 (UTC)
13:21, 22 June 2023 review of submission by Aturdingeh
Hello, i need some advice and help for approving my articles. I don't know the main reason why my article has been decline everytime. I tried my level best and but still i can't find why my article is declined. Aturdingeh (talk) 13:21, 22 June 2023 (UTC)
* Hi @Aturdingeh, your article has been Rejected and will therefore never become an article; there is nothing you can do. Your article was rejected because Atur does not meet the Notability (people) criteria:
* - Reliable Sources: Your article should have relied on strong, reliable sources that are not Primary sources. These sources should have been independent of Artur (not self-published or from Artur's own website) and published by reputable institutions. Most of your sources are Primary sources such as links to buy his works or from his personal website, so did not count.
* - Multiple Sources:You should have found at least three strong, reliable sources that discussed Artur in detail. As mentioned above, most of your sources are primary and there is no evidence of multiple, strong reliable sources.
* - Significant Coverage: Artur should have been discussed in detail in the strong, reliable sources you found. The sources should have provided in-depth information about him, going beyond basic facts or promotional material. As mentioned above, most of your sources are primary and there is no evidence of multiple, strong reliable sources with significant coverage.
* I hope that helps, Qcne (talk) 14:03, 22 June 2023 (UTC)
20:10, 22 June 2023 review of submission by Beverly Simmons
I received notice on 4 June 2023 that this article was accepted for publication, assessing it as C-Class, placing it "among the top 19% of accepted submissions."
Yesterday, Scope Creep deemed it NOT ready for publishing, because it has too many "intricate details" that are not of encyclop(a)edic interest and that "large sections are unsourced."
I'm surprised to have the 4 June judg(e)ment overturned by this person.
Can Scope Creep's overruling be overruled?
Even if I make changes according to their complaint, do I have to wait another 3 months for approval? Beverly Simmons (talk) 20:10, 22 June 2023 (UTC)
* @Beverly Simmons you need to declare your conflict of interest which is clear. I will leave some additional information on your talk page. In this instance, @Scopecreep was correct to move it back. S0091 (talk) 20:18, 22 June 2023 (UTC) | WIKI |
Talk:Dullatur
Merge candidate?
Tiny place (500 people according to the article) with two larger centers (Kilsyth and Cumbernauld) very close by. Plus there are only two listings -- and the main attraction is also listed in Kilsyth. Even if it can just barely meet the requirements to be a usable article, I think the traveller would be better served if this article was merged into Kilsyth or Cumbernauld. -Shaundd (talk) 00:17, 20 December 2016 (UTC)
* agree, merge into Kilsyth. --Traveler100 (talk) 06:08, 20 December 2016 (UTC) | WIKI |
Talk:Eastern Standard Time/Archive 1
Why
Why is this an article? It made much more sense as it had been rather than being a stub repeating a small subset of the full article it used to redirect to. Of course, it really should be a disambiguation page but that's another story. The same goes for Eastern Daylight Time. Ed, you promised us a whole family of these evil twins but so far we've only got these. Have you changed your mind? J IM ptalk·cont 11:34, 24 May 2012 (UTC)
Eastern Standard Time (disambiguation) - requested move
I've recently discovered that Eastern Standard Time is a redirect to the US Eastern Time Zone article. I tried redirecting it to Eastern Standard Time (disambiguation) but it was reverted, so I've started a move discussion, which may be found at Talk:Eastern Standard Time (disambiguation). Interested parties are invited to discuss. --AussieLegend (talk) 11:54, 11 June 2012 (UTC) | WIKI |
NAVIGON Spørsmål og svar
Den som kjører med NAVIGON, vil vite alt helt nøyaktig. For eksempel hvordan man utfører oppdateringer, installerer ekstra kart eller tjenester, eller hvordan NAVIGON FreshMaps fungerer. Her finner du håndbøker, nedlastinger og svar på spørsmålene dine.
Velg et tema eller tast inn et stikkord for å begrense utvalget.
Tilbake til søkeresultatet
I have no GPS reception in my vehicle. How does an external GPS antenna help me?
Svar:
Some vehicles come with a metallised windscreen or a windscreen heater. This can lead to poor, limited or no GPS signal receiption at all. If necessary, place the GPS receiver close to the rear-view mirror. Here there is often a small none metallised surface area and rarely any heating wire, that can cause interference with satellite reception (e.g. garge remote controls are usually placed here). Consult your vehicle's retailer or the user's manual guide of your vehicle.
As an alternative an external GPS antenna can be connected to most GPS receivers and navigation devices. This connection can be directly preformed by connecting the GPS reciever or pocket PC's and navigation system with integrated GPS receivers through a cable to the external GPS aerial antenna with a built-in magnet to be attached and fastened on the vehicles metal roof surface. NAVIGON and Transonic PNAs need MMCX- GPS external aerial antennas. Most GPS receivers need a MCX-GPS external aerial antenna. If you do not know which kind of external aerial antenna you require, please contact the specialist supplier from whom you have acquired your device from or consult your user's manual guide.
Denne oppføringen ble sist oppdatert: 13. desember 2011 14:01
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Page:The Count of Monte-Cristo (1887 Volume 3).djvu/288
268 "But whence does he derive the title of count?"
"You are aware that may be bought."
"In Italy!"
"Everywhere."
"And his immense riches, as they are called?"
"As regards that," replied the abbé, "immense is the word used!"
"How much do you suppose he possesses?"
"From one hundred and fifty to two hundred thousand livres per annum."
"This is reasonable," said the visitor; "I have heard he had three or four millions."
"Two hundred thousand per annum would make four millions of capital."
"But I was told he had four millions per annum?"
"That is not probable."
"Do you know this island of Monte-Cristo?"
"Certainly; every one who has returned from Palermo, from Naples, or from Eome to France, by sea, must know it, since he has passed close to it, and must have seen it."
"I am told it is a delightful place?"
"It is a rock."
"And why has the count bought a rock?"
"For the sake of being a count. In Italy one must have a county be a count."
"You have, doubtless, heard the adventures of M. Zaccone's youth?
"The father's?"
"No, the son's."
"I know nothing certain; at that period of his life, I lost sight of my young comrade."
"Was he in the army?"
"I think he entered the service."
"In what force?"
"In the navy."
"Are you not his confessor?"
"No, sir; I believe he is a Lutheran."
"A Lutheran?"
"I say, I believe such is the case, I do not affirm it; besides, liberty of conscience is established in France."
"Doubtless, and we are not now inquiring into his creed, but his actions; in the name of the prefect of police, I demand, what do you know of him?"
"He passes for a charitable man. Our holy father, the pope, has made him a knight of Jesus Christ for the services he rendered to the | WIKI |
FOR SURAYA ONLY
Research study
Evidence of Aspiration Risk is the research study I have chosen to review. The goal of conducting any research experiments is to accurately test a hypothesis in an unbiased format and derive valid trustworthy results. The internal validity of a study is the proven relationship between the independent variable and the outcome of the study (Polit & Beck, 2017). If the findings of a study can be explained in a way other then it is being presented, the internal validity of the study is automatically weakened. Quasi-experimental studies have a higher risk of issues with internal validity than other research designs (Polit & Beck, 2017). Researchers must plan to prevent any possible ambiguity or threats to the internal validity of their study by using control mechanisms such as selection biases.
Questioning the Internal Validity
I read the “Methods” section of the aspiration risk-reduction study as instructed in this week’s discussion post instructions, and I immediately had questions. Before reading the entire study, my thoughts were: What was the age (or age range), gender, and comorbidities of all of the patients involved? Did they all have the same vent settings? How sedated were they? Was there a suctioning schedule followed for both groups? Was the same suction equipment used in all of the patients? What method was used to determine their target feeding goal? Were they all bolus fed through the feeding tube or around the clock fed? Did they all receive free water flushes? Were the feedings held based on residual? How often was residual checked? Did any of them have a diagnosis of upper GI bleed? Were they all on a peptic ulcer prevention drug? In which part of the lung was pneumonia found? Did they only consider the right upper lobe “aspiration pneumonia”?
These are just to name a few of the questions that I had surrounding this study. After reading the entire study many of the questions I mentioned above were answered. However, I still found that some of the specific questions I had were not addressed. Had the researcher discussed some of the variables that could have impacted the outcome it would have strengthened the internal validity of the study. Additionally, of the data described in this study does question the internal validity as both groups that were monitored and compared for aspiration were treated differently. The usual care group did not address guidelines regarding head of the bed elevation, nor did the nurses have formal training regarding insertion of small-bowel feeding tubes, and the gastric residual volumes were not regulated. Whereas the Aspiration Risk-Reduction Protocol (ARRP) group had guidelines to follow for all of the above (Metheny, Davis-Jackson, & Stewart, 2010). Because this is an older study and I am very familiar with the CDC “VAP Bundle”, and it is fairly common knowledge that keeping the head of the bed up helps prevent pneumonia and aspiration. With all of the variables in this study, the external validity is questioned, meaning how can this research pinpoint what was most effective. With that said, despite my personal experience and additional questions, I feel that the findings do concur with current practice as it related to keeping the head of the bed up. However, have never seen feeding tubes placed in the small bowel below the pylorus.
Failing to consider validity
Statistical validity is the relationship between variables which can be simply described as the hypothesized cause and effect. Where construct validity is the inferences made from the specific settings, outcomes, or treatments, and external validity helps determine if the results of the study can be applied to various people, settings, and treatment (Polit & Beck, 2017). If any area of validity in a study is in question, that can potentially compromise the overall validity of the study, leaving the learner to question all aspects of the research.
References
Metheny, N., Davis-Jackson, J., & Stewart, B. (2010). Effectiveness of an aspiration
risk-reduction protocol. Nursing Research, 59(1), 18-25.
doi:10.1097/NNR.0b013e3181c3ba05
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for
nursing practice (10th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:St Mary the Virgin Church, Turville
Feedback from New Page Review process
I left the following feedback for the creator/future reviewers while reviewing this article: I've linked it to the Wikidata entry, which also linked it the the Wikimedia Commons category..
Blythwood (talk) 04:39, 15 May 2020 (UTC) | WIKI |
Talk:Doctor Who: The Impossible Astronaut
Contested deletion
This page should not be speedy deleted because... --
It should be a redirect to: The Impossible Astronaut. I attempted to create the page not knowing that one already existed. Once I found the existing page, I deleted the content of this one, but was not sure how to make it a re-direct. Kivgaen (talk) 18:56, 4 May 2011 (UTC)
* Redirected. Hope this helps, The Helpful One 20:37, 4 May 2011 (UTC) | WIKI |
Anita Roy
Anita Roy (also Strong) is a fictional character from the Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks, played by Saira Choudhry. Choudhry was cast in 2008 as part of the new Roy family and arrived in November and stayed in the serial for 2 years before she left Hollyoaks on 20 January 2011. Her more notable storylines include being racially bullied, which was nominated for an award at the Inside Soap Awards and which led to her self-harming storyline. In her time on the show she also discovered that she is adopted and began an on-line relationship. Anita also suffered an identity crisis.
Characterisation
E4 described Anita as "sensitive soul". Colin Daniels of Digital Spy branded her a "troubled teen". In an interview Choudry labelled the character "disturbing" and commented that "She's not so self-absorbed and she's turned into a young adult now." On her favourite storyline she also added that it was "probably the story where Anita tried to bleach her skin." because of how challenging it was to her and because she was most proud of it. E4 also said the character was originally "a shy young teenager, who found it hard make friends because her Dad happened to be head of the school."
Self-harming
Anita's first major storyline started in late 2008, when Lauren Valentine and Barry Newton used her so they could be together in secret, this led to Anita feeling secluded from their group. Anita tried to dress like Newt and Lauren, however Leila Roy told her to be herself. She then began a friendship with Theresa McQueen. After Lauren and Newt split up, Anita and Newt began a relationship. Lauren was jealous and began to make people think Anita was bullying her. Newt took Lauren's side and dumped Anita, with only Theresa believing she was innocent. Anita began feeling self-conscious and wished to be blonde and beautiful like Theresa. She then put a picture of Theresa on a social networking website and pretended to be her, when Theresa found out, she called her a freak. Local bully Gaz Bennett approached Anita and began racially bullying her. Anita, in order to become white, began rubbing bleach onto her skin.
When Choudry found out about the storyline, she was "quite surprised". She said the nature of the story was controversial and she felt shocked at some of things Gaz does to Anita. Choudry was not certain Hollyoaks had ever aired such "dark scenes" of racism before. The storyline gave Choudry a chance to "do something new" as she had previously been filming "normal school scenes." Speaking on the opportunity to portray the storyline, she added: "I just felt really glad to be given the chance to do something like this - it was a big challenge."
Backstory
Anita was born to a teenage mother named Eva Strong. Anita was adopted by Govinda Roy and Bel Roy, who then failed to inform that Anita she was adopted until she was sixteen and told by her brother Ash Roy. She keeps to herself, and is friends with Barry Newton, Theresa McQueen and Lauren Valentine.
2008-11
Anita arrives with the Roy family in November 2008. They move into the Ashworths former home. Soon after her arrival, Anita befriends Lauren Valentine (Dominique Jackson) and Barry Newton (Nico Mirallegro). Anita feels she is different from her friends and begins to dress like them, however, is advised by sister Leila Roy (Lena Kaur) to be herself. After helping Bel Roy (Nila Alia) in Evissa, Anita begins to dislike Theresa McQueen (Jorgie Porter). However, the pair do eventually become friends. Anita discovers a CCTV DVD containing Warren Fox (Jamie Lomas) having sex in The Loft with Mandy Richardson (Sarah Jayne Dunn), which Ravi Roy (Stephen Uppal) accidentally left out. Anita then shows Michaela McQueen (Hollie Jay Bowes) and Theresa with Myra McQueen (Nicole Barber-Lane) and Jacqui McQueen (Claire Cooper) deciding to go to Warren's wedding to Louise Summers (Roxanne McKee) and show the wedding party. Gaz Bennett (Joel Goonan) begins to bully Anita, who makes racist comments towards her and he is later expelled from Hollyoaks High School. Lauren and Newt begin to use Anita to cover up their secret relationship with Newt pretending to be Anita's boyfriend. The pair eventually do go out after Lauren and Newt split up.
Jealous Lauren begins claiming she is being physically bullied by Anita. Anita protests her innocence, however Newt takes Lauren's word for it and ends the relationship. Theresa convinces Anita to record Lauren saying she made the bullying up and when she does Lauren threatens Anita but is told to leave by Gaz, who returns and apologises to Anita. Anita begins to think Gaz has changed and agrees to meet him. When she does, Gaz and his friends throw white paint over her and record it. With the video circulating around the village, Lauren sends it to various people, leading Anita slap her. Anita finds the video on the internet and reads hurtful comments about herself. She then signs up to a social networking website and uses an image of Theresa as herself when she gets a compliment. Anita begins to talk online to a boy named Ricky (Ashley Margolis). Theresa catches Anita pretending to be her and calls her sad. Anita is hurt and begins to pour household bleach on her legs. Leila finds Anita in pain and comforts her. Leila tells the rest of the family and Govinda believes she is ashamed of her ethnicity. Anita puts on Theresa's jacket and smashes the school window, which is caught on CCTV. Gov believes it was Theresa but Anita admits the truth. Theresa is shocked to discover Anita's self-harming and tells her she is beautiful. Theresa, Newt, Anita and Lauren confide in each other and make up, with Theresa revealing Anita's self-harming.
Anita and her "20-year-old" internet boyfriend, Ricky, decide to meet. However, Anita who has still been using Theresa's photo, is stood up, although Ricky had really caught Theresa who he assumed was Anita, kissing Newt. Anita then tells Ricky online she lied about her identity. The pair then meet and Anita is shocked to find he is actually 14. Ricky records Theresa and Newt acting more than friends in order to get Anita to believe him. During a camping trip, Newt and Theresa accidentally invite Anita and Lauren, with Ricky inviting himself. Ricky promises to keep Theresa and Newt's relationship a secret as long as they pretend to like him because he really likes Anita. When Lauren discovers the truth, Newt and Theresa have an argument and Anita is angry that they made her believe Ricky had lied. Theresa then makes fun of Ricky. Newt shouts at Anita, with Ricky standing up for her. The pair, on their own, share a kiss. Anita then decides to give their relationship a chance because he liked Anita for who she is.
Ravi's aneurysm causes him to fall into a coma after Ash hits him. Anita is worried the hereditary condition could mean she and her other siblings could get it. However, Ash reassures her she cannot and tells her that she is adopted. Anita refuses to believe Ash, who then manipulates her into keeping it a secret. To make her believe him, Ash shows her a birth certificate, revealing her birth mother was a teenager and that her parents had lied to her. She then confides in Ricky about the adoption. After finally confessing she knows about her adoption, Anita cannot face her family. Ash then tells his parents she came to him with her birth certificate, however Ravi, who awakens, reveals he overheard Ash telling Anita. To escape her problems, Anita confides in Newt and the pair begin a secret relationship. Newt, Lauren and Anita leave for a few days and go to a cottage. Gaz returns and follows the group there, as does Ricky. Gaz threatens Anita and tells her to have sex with him. Anita drugs his alcohol with peanuts due to his allergy. Anita escapes the cottage before he can force her into sex. Gaz rushes after her and jumps on top of her. Struggling, Anita reaches for a brick and hits Gaz. A Seriously injured Gaz is rushed to hospital. Newt believes he had attacked Gaz but cannot recall the events. Anita tells Newt, Lauren, Theresa and Ricky she was the one who had hit Gaz. Theresa looks at Gaz's phone and finds a recording of Anita and Newt kissing. She slaps Anita then leaves.
Whilst getting drunk in The Dog in the Pond with Dave Colburn (Elliott James Langridge), Anita is sick in the toilets and is caught by former anorexic Hannah Ashworth (Emma Rigby). Hannah then believes Anita is suffering from the same illness and consults Leila, who tells Anita she can confide in her. For attention, Anita leads Hannah to believe she is suffering from the illness. Leila, Anita's teacher Nancy Hayton (Jessica Fox) and Theresa believe she has an eating disorder. When Anita catches Hannah being sick, she feels guilty, realising she could cause a relapse and she confesses to an angry Hannah. Hannah then tells Leila, Theresa and Ravi. Anita and Ricky decide to lose their virginity to each other. However, a nervous Ricky decides to wait. Anita then lies to Leila that she has lost her virginity after she begins to treat her like an adult. She later admits she has not. Theresa and Anita set their sights on Dave. Theresa tells Anita that she can lose her virginity to him. During a party at the student halls, Anita feels like Dave does not even notice her. After he finds MDMA, Anita takes some in order to impress him. Later on, Anita goes dizzy and collapses. After being released from hospital, Ravi accuses Dave of spiking her drink. However, she later admits he is innocent and she took the drugs herself.
Anita ruins Ravi's date with a woman who she believes is called Kate, by accidentally spilling a drink on her. Later Ravi finds Anita has been stealing money from the till when asked about her recent change in behaviour. Anita reveals she's still upset with the knowledge that her real mother gave her up for adoption. Unbeknownst to her, Kate's real name is Eva Strong (Sheree Murphy) and is Anita's real mother. Anita starts to find her birth mother, with Jem Costello's (Helen Russell-Clark) help. Anita and Jem visit Anita's mother's workplace at a stall in Manchester. Anita is then hurt when she realises that Kate is actually Eva. Anita is horrified and devastated to learn this and furthermore thinking that Eva doesn't want her for the second time, and walks away in tears. However, Eva returns and begs her to give her another chance. Anita does so, but discovers that she was a result of Eva's holiday fling with her Indian father. She is deeply upset when Eva doesn't let the conversation go any further and instead, goes for fashion advice from Jem. Anita calls her mother a slapper and when Theresa comes for comfort after deciding not to have an abortion, Eva feels uncomfortable and leaves. Anita reconciles with Lauren and Lauren accepts to go to Paris with her to visit Leila but Gaz is furious about this and gives Lauren an ultimatum to either choose between him or Anita. She decides to choose Anita and consequently her and Gaz split. Anita then later finds a gun in Evissa after she is attacked by Gaz and came to Carmel Valentine (Gemma Merna) for help. She tells Theresa, not knowing that she used the gun before to kill Carmel's husband Calvin Valentine (Ricky Whittle). Theresa then tries to ignore the situation and tries to convince Anita that she must have imagined it. Anita walks off in a strop and insists that someone will believe her, but is wrong when the gun is replaced by Theresa's cousin Jacqui McQueen (Claire Cooper). Anita is later held hostage by Gaz in the woods after he successfully lures her by texting through Theresa's mobile phone. During the hostage, Gaz finds the gun in his bag and is arrested by the police who arrives at the same time he found the gun.
Anita goes to a party at the McQueen household and kisses a boy named Jason. Anita becomes smitten by Jason until she realise he is in fact Jasmine Costello (Victoria Atkins). Jasmine explains that she is Jason born into the wrong body. Despite a strange start the pair remain good friends. Anita is then involved with Jasmine's ex-boyfriend Bart McQueen (Johnny Clarke) when they begin to proceed to have sex in a room at school, until they are interrupted by Eva who catches them in the act. Anita feels embarrassed and she refuses to talk about it to her own mother. Anita stands by and sticks up for her friend Jasmine when she enters school as Jason. Eva finds Amber Sharpe's (Lydia Lloyd-Henry) diary which says that the principal Rob O'Connor (Gary Cargill) is the father of Amber's unborn child. Eva then blackmails Rob over this. At first Anita believes it, but later feels sorry for Rob and decides to give him Amber's diary so he can dispose of it, unaware that her mother had taken out the important pages. Anita brought Rob back to her house to try find the missing pages. Eva returns home and sees Rob alone in the house with Anita,l. She then phones the police and has Rob arrested. Gaz returns to the Village and threatens Anita. Anita and Eva decide to move to Manchester together. However, shortly before they leave, Anita decides to go and stay with Bel and Govinda leaving Eva to go to Manchester alone.
Reception
In 2009 the storyline which saw Gaz racistly bully Anita was nominated for best storyline at the Inside Soap Awards. Holy Soap described her most memorable moment as "When she tried to get paler skin by putting chemical bleach on her legs." | WIKI |
Estrogen regulation of lactoferrin expression in human endometrium
Mae Ellen Kelver, Anil Kaul, Bogdan Nowicki, William E. Findley, T. William Hutchens, Manubai Nagamani
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
44 Scopus citations
Abstract
PROBLEM: Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein that has been shown to be overexpressed in human endometrial carcinomas. The purpose of our present study is to investigate the possible role of estradiol in the expression of lactoferrin. METHOD OF STUDY: We investigated 1) serum levels of lactoferrin in five women during normal ovulatory cycles, 2) serum levels of lactoferrin during ten human menopausal gonadotropin induced cycles when estradiol levels are high, and 3) lactoferrin expression in five proliferative and five secretory phase endometrium by immunohistochemical studies. The serum concentrations of lactoferrin were measured by a peroxidase-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: In normal ovulatory cycles, the mean serum lactoferrin concentration during the proliferative phase (0.4013 ± 0.0242 μg/mL) was significantly higher (P<0.02) than in the secretory phase (0.3468 ± 0.0209 μg/mL). In induced cycles, there was gradual increase in lactoferrin levels with increasing estradiol concentrations. Peak lactoferrin levels in induced cycles (0.7495 ± 0.1148 μg/mL) were significantly higher (P<0.003) than the midcycle levels (0.423 ± 0.0424 μg/mL) in normal cycles. Immunohistochemical analysis of the endometrium revealed greater expression of lactoferrin in proliferative endometrium (50.7 ± 13%, range 28-72%) than in secretory endometrium (19.2 ± 4%, range 7-31%). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that estradiol may play a role in the regulation of lactoferrin expression in human endometrium.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)243-247
Number of pages5
JournalAmerican Journal of Reproductive Immunology
Volume36
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 1996
Keywords
• Estradiol
• Lactotransferrin
• Uterus
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Controlling states of water droplets on nanostructured surfaces by design
CQ Zhu and YR Gao and YY Huang and H Li and S Meng and JS Francisco and XC Zeng, NANOSCALE, 9, 18240-18245 (2017).
DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06896d
Surfaces that exhibit both superhydrophobic and superoleophobic properties have recently been demonstrated. Specifically, remarkable designs based on overhanging/inverse-trapezoidal microstructures enable water droplets to contact these surfaces only at the tips of the micro- pillars, in a state known as the Cassie state. However, the Cassie state may transition into the undesirable Wenzel state under certain conditions. Herein, we show from large-scale molecular dynamics simulations that the transition between the Cassie and Wenzel states can be controlled via precisely designed trapezoidal nanostructures on a surface. Both the base angle of the trapezoids and the intrinsic contact angle of the surface can be exploited to control the transition. For a given base angle, three regimes can be achieved: the Wenzel regime, in which water droplets can exist only in the Wenzel state when the intrinsic contact angle is less than a certain critical value; the Cassie regime, in which water droplets can exist only in the Cassie state when the intrinsic contact angle is greater than another critical value; and the bistable Wenzel-Cassie regime, in which both the Wenzel and Cassie states can exist when the intrinsic contact angle is between the two critical values. A strong base-angle dependence of the first critical value is revealed, whereas the second critical value shows much less dependence on the base angle. The stability of the Cassie state for various base angles (and intrinsic contact angles) is quantitatively evaluated by computing the free-energy barrier for the Cassie-to-Wenzel state transition.
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Different Types of Seatbelts [Best review]
Disclaimer: GloboAutomotives is supported by readers like you. That means we might make money when you click on one of our recommendations.
If someone asks you to call a security a part of a car that you haven’t driven, most will answer car seatbelts. So we know the different types of seatbelts.
Before 1960, only 15% of individuals used seat belts, which increased to 90%. Safety departments within the car industry are constantly improving the planning of seat belts for passengers’ comfort and safety.
History of Car Seat Belts
In 1946, retractable seat belts were first invented within us and were first introduced. At the time, these belts weren’t mandatory for the protection of a vehicle.
There was no law then, so there was no got to wear a seatbelt. Decades later, the principles for enforcing these became mandatory.
In 1946, retractable seat belts were first invented within us and were the primary to be introduced. At the time, these belts weren’t mandatory for the protection of a vehicle.
There was no law then, so there was no got to wear a seatbelt. Decades later, the principles for enforcing these became mandatory.
Design
Simple modern seat belts tie a strip of webbing individually. It’s basically connected with withdrawal. The retraction is meant through a spool that permits the webbing to rotate around.
When the user pulls the spool towards the webbing, the spool then stands counterclockwise and immediately stops the webbing.
Once released, the online will then return to the highest of the spool. This rewinding action shows the wavelength spot as a part of the roundabout.
Types of seatbelts
There are six types of seat belts in the U.S.A. Such as:
Types of seatbelts
a car with a seat belt
• Lap belts
• Shoulder belts
• 3-point belts
• Automatic seat belt
• belt-in-seats(BIS)
• Five-point-harness
Now I am describing that in a deep way. Please read it attentively & learn about that.
1. Lap belts
The lap belt is the most ancient and primitive style or design among all the seat belts. It crosses the hips by stepping the rider with a two-point protection belt.
While a lap belt can protect the body in your vehicle from getting out of hand, it also doesn’t say that it provides an excessive amount of protection during a crash. Without support across your torso, the upper half of your body is liberal to flop forward.
The lap belt is the most ancient and primitive style or design among all the seat belts. It crosses the hips by stepping the radar with a two-point protection belt. It is not very common at present, but occasionally this seat belt is seen in some cars’ rear seats. Now, most cars use three-point seat belts.
2. Shoulder belts
The shoulder belt is also called a sash; it has two more safety belts. It is used to protect the rider across the torso, protecting the shoulders and buttocks.
This belt is designed to restrain the upper body and to prevent the kind of injury or mishap that riders wear on a lap in crashes. However, it needs to be matched with a lap belt to work well. People often slip under the belt during a “submarine” or crash without a belt in their lap.
Due to that, this type of belt is no longer available in cars. Distant three-point belts have replaced them.
3. 3-point belts
First, you would like to secure the belt to 3 specific points, then extend it across your torso and lap. It’s usually made from an extended piece of cloth called nylon that extends from one shoulder to the other buttock then to the lap.
This safety belt is that the commonest in modern cars. It successfully combines the protective features of the shoulder and collar belt, thus restraining the entire body. Therefore the amount of this seat is extremely high.
4. Automatic seat belt
Automatic seat belts were very fashionable a couple of decades ago, but now they’re scarce. Although designed to supply equivalent protection as three-point belts, there have been some additional benefits.
These included shoulder and collar belts. Passengers would manually fasten their belts, and as soon because the car started moving, their shoulder belts would automatically cover their bodies. The automated belt had a bark that allowed passengers to get rid of the belt manually if they wanted to.
5. Belt-in-Seat (BIS)
The belt-in-seat variation of the three-point life belt where the protected point above the shoulder is really behind the seat rather than the car frame.
This design has many appeals that supported both the comfort and safety of the passengers.
A standard complaint about neck belts is; It reduces neck and shoulder chafing, and a few don’t wear seat belts due to some unhealthy advice. Researchers have also developed BIS sensors, which will answer seat angle changes to form riders safer during rollovers.
6. Five-Point Harness
One of the five-point shoe features is that it protects both shoulders, both hips, and between the legs. The straps are buckled to a particular position on the chest, which can spread the effect evenly within the case of a crash.
These are the foremost common issues with baby car seats. When properly adjusted, they’re going to be converted into one of the safest sorts of safety belts.
Five-point harnesses were also common in many competitive racecars within the past, but after the death of Dale Earnhart during a race, six-point harnesses became widespread. (It was thought that his five-point shoe might be off-center, which is why it contributed to his death.) The six-point shoe had an additional strap between its legs.
Benefits of a seat belt
Types of seatbelts
a car was crashed & in a risky position a seat belt
• Prevent passenger or driver from uncontrolled movement inside the vehicle.
• Preventing the user from moving forward, causing a potential head injury.
• To protect the user from the effects of the windshield to protect the user.
• Ensuring the user is emitted from the vehicle.
• The most stable areas of the body allow the maximum energy of an effect to be absorbed.
Seatbelts Plus Airbags
Here are some life-saving reminders: Seat belts usually work together with your airbags. If the parts of those two vehicles, seatbelts and airbags, work properly during a car accident, it greatly reduces the danger of injury or death. Without a seatbelt, your body will be very stiff, and it can hit the airbag very quickly, which may end in death.
Except for airbags, inertia will throw your body against your seatbelt with all of your weight and speed, you’ll lose control over your body. The belt will still keep you safe in your seat.
So, both of those parts of the car – seatbelts plus airbags – are vital. Now let’s take a better check out the seatbelts.
The Future of Seat Belts
Seat belts are the topic of many innovations over the years, including their design and size. For instance, the belt gets locked during a sudden brake, given the locking withdrawal mechanism involved during a sudden stop or crash.
This may offer you better mobility and luxury while driving, but you’ll effectively resist the impact.
Yet security engineers also still innovate. Some designers are experimenting with four-point harness and criss-cross belt designs to stop side effects and improve safety during rollovers. These will distribute the consequences of front or rear crashes more evenly.
Some manufacturers now offer inflatable seat belts whose functionality deploys very similar to airbags.
These are currently used alphabetically in high-end vehicles, so it remains to be seen whether they can gain popularity.
Conclusion
Seatbelts are an essential part of our lives that we should not neglect. Lack of it can lead to serious injuries in various accidents. Use the belt that will meet the demand according to your convenience and need, but keep in mind that the belt should be of high quality. I hope there is no doubt in your mind about the types of seatbelts.
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Template:Geological category see also/doc
Usage
will automatically generate a see also list of two categories: one for the previous time span and one for the next.
For example, on Category:Jurassic animals, the template will generate:
The template auto-detects whether a category exists: if a category is missing, or there is no future or past time span, it will only list one category. e.g., on Category:Quaternary genera, the template will generate:
Tracking categories
* --- for usage on non-geological categories | WIKI |
Anthony C. Rockweit, a minor, by Jerald P. Donohue, his guardian ad litem, Plaintiffs-Appellants-Cross Respondents, United Wisconsin Proservices, Inc., Plaintiff, v. William Senecal, d/b/a Evergreen Campgrounds, Truck Insurance Exchange and Keith Rockweit, Defendants, Mary Rockweit, Defendant-Respondent, Ann Tynan and Wisconsin Farmers Mutual Insurance Group, Defendants-Third Party Plaintiffs-Respondents-Cross Appellants, Christine Rockweit, Third Party Defendant.
Court of Appeals
No. 93-1130.
Submitted on briefs December 1,1993. —
Decided August 24, 1994.
(Also reported in 522 N.W.2d 575.)
On behalf of the plaintiffs-appellants-cross respondents, the cause was submitted on the briefs of Jerald P. Donohue of Donohue, Sharpe & Casper, S.C. of Fond du Lac.
On behalf of the defendant-respondent, the cause was submitted on the brief of Mary Rockweit, pro se.
On behalf of the defendants-third party plaintiffs-respondents-cross appellants, the cause was submitted on the briefs of David J. Colwin and Thomas A. Loren-son of Colwin & English, S.C. of Fond du Lac.
Before Anderson, P.J., Brown and Snyder, JJ.
Petition to review granted.
SNYDER, J.
This is a personal injury case where Anthony C. Rockweit, by his guardian ad litem, appeals from a judgment dismissing his negligence claim against Ann Tynan and Mary Rockweit. Anthony alleged that Tynan and Rockweit were negligent in failing to extinguish hot embers from a campfire contained in a fire pit which he subsequently fell into, causing severe injuries. Anthony argues that the trial court erred in applying the open and obvious danger defense as a bar to his negligence claim. We agree; therefore, we reverse that portion of the judgment dismissing Anthony's negligence claim against Tynan and Rockweit.
Tynan and Rockweit cross-appeal on the grounds that the dismissal of Anthony's negligence claim was appropriate regardless of the applicability of the open and obvious danger defense because they were not negligent as a matter of law. The trial court rejected this argument during motions after verdict. In the alternative, they argue that there was insufficient evidence for the jury to have found them causally negligent. Because we conclude that Tynan and Rockweit owed a common law duty to Anthony and there was sufficient credible evidence for the jury to conclude that Tynan and Rockweit were negligent in failing to extinguish the campfire, we affirm the trial court's denial of Tynan and Rockweit's motions after verdict.
I. FACTS
The following facts are undisputed. Anthony Rockweit was eighteen months old when he sustained injuries after falling into a fire pit containing hot embers at Evergreen Campgrounds, which was owned and operated by William Senecal. Anthony's father and mother, Keith and Christine Rockweit, and various extended family members and friends were part of a large group of weekend campers sharing a group of sites at Evergreen. Tynan and her family, neighbors of Keith's brother, Kurt, also joined the group, although their campsite was located a short distance from the larger group.
All of the campers except the Keith Rockweit family arrived at Evergreen on Friday evening, June 24, 1988. Upon arriving, the families selected one of the fire pits among the various campsites to be what they termed a "communal fire pit." Since the fire pit was used as a central gathering place available to all of the campers, no single person exercised exclusive control over it and any of the campers were free to tend the fire or add wood to it.
When the Keith Rockweit family arrived on Saturday afternoon, they shared a site with another family and pitched their tent approximately fifteen to twenty feet from the communal fire pit.
At some point between 7:00 and 8:00 p.m. on Saturday night, Tynan joined the Rockweit group to sit around the campfire. By 4:00 a.m. on Sunday, all of the campers had gone to bed except for Tynan, Mary Rockweit and Keith Rockweit, who were admittedly intoxicated by that time. Around 4:00 a.m., Keith announced that he was going to bed, and Tynan and Rockweit left at virtually the same time. By that time, the fire in the pit was reduced to smoldering embers. Although water and a bucket were available nearby, none of the three discussed using water or any other means to extinguish what was left of the campfire.
At approximately 9:00 a.m. on Sunday, Christine awoke with Anthony and left their tent. Christine walked toward a cooler on the opposite side of the fire pit, with Anthony slightly behind her. Anthony then fell into the fire pit, causing severe burns. The fire pit was circular and built into the ground so that its rim was flush to the ground.
Anthony, through his guardian ad litem, initiated a personal injury suit against Evergreen Campgrounds and its insurer Truck Insurance Exchange, Keith Rockweit, Mary Rockweit, and Tynan and her insurer, Wisconsin Farmers Mutual Insurance Group. Tynan and Wisconsin Farmers impleaded Christine, Anthony's mother, as a third-party defendánt.
• Prior to trial, Anthony settled his claims against Evergreen and its insurer, for maintaining an unsafe fire pit, by way of a Pierringer release in the amount of $50,000. On January 15, 1993, a twelve-person jury returned a verdict finding all of the defendants causally negligent, apportioning liability as follows:
William Senecal, d/b/a/ Evergreen Campgrounds 16%
Keith Rockweit 36%
Christine Rockweit 35%
Ann Tynan 7%
Mary Rockweit 6%
100%
The jury also found that the fire pit constituted an open and obvious danger at the time of the accident.
Tynan and Rockweit filed the following postverdict motions: (1) motion for directed verdict, (2) motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict, and (3) motion to change the answers to the special verdict questions finding them negligent, on the ground that there was insufficient evidence to sustain the answers. .See § 805.14(5)(b)-(d), Stats. Tynan and Rockweit requested a directed verdict on the ground that neither Wisconsin common law nor statutory law imposed any duty to extinguish the embers in the fire pit. The trial court concluded that although there was no common law duty, such a duty existed under § 895.525, STATS., and therefore Anthony could sustain an action in negligence. The trial court also denied their motions for judgment notwithstanding the verdict and to change the special verdict questions related to negligence.
Tynan and Rockweit also requested a directed verdict dismissing Anthony's negligence claim based upon the jury's finding that the fire pit constituted an open and obvious danger. After some confusion, the trial court dismissed the case against Tynan and Rockweit on the ground that the jury's open and obvious danger finding barred Anthony's negligence claim. Anthony appeals from that portion of the trial court's judgment dismissing his claims against Tynan, Wisconsin Farmers and Rockweit.
Tynan and Rockweit's cross-appeal is based on the trial court's denial of their motions after verdict. They contend that the dismissal of Anthony's claims is appropriate regardless of the application of the open and obvious defense because they were not negligent as a matter of law, either common law or § 895.525, STATS. In the alternative, they seek a new trial on liability based on the trial court's refusal to grant their requested jury instruction pertaining to the open and obvious danger defense.
II. APPEAL
On appeal, Anthony argues that the trial court erroneously entered judgment dismissing his case against Tynan, her insurer Wisconsin Farmers and Mary Rockweit ("Tynan"). Anthony contends that the open and obvious danger defense cannot be used to bar his negligence action because an infant minor is incapable of negligence under § 891.44, STATS. We agree.
Because the facts underpinning the open and obvious danger defense are undisputed, the issue is whether the trial court properly applied the defense in light of § 891.44, STATS. Whether undisputed facts give rise to a legal defense and whether a particular statute applies to undisputed facts are questions of law that we review de novo. See Bantz v. Montgomery Estates, Inc., 163 Wis. 2d 973, 978, 473 N.W.2d 506, 508 (Ct. App. 1991) (whether facts fulfill a particular legal standard is a question of law); see also Chang v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 182 Wis. 2d 549, 560, 514 N.W.2d 399, 403 (1994) (application of law or statute to a set of undisputed facts is resolved as a matter of law).
The issue of whether the open and obvious danger defense acts as a bar to Anthony's negligence claim was addressed by the trial court in arguments over the proposed jury instructions. Despite Anthony's objection, the court ruled that an open and obvious danger instruction was appropriate in this case, but only to reflect the responsibility of Anthony's mother because the court did not believe it could bar Anthony's negligence claim. Curiously, the court reversed its position in granting Tynan's motion after verdict and ruled that the jury's finding that the fire pit constituted an open and obvious danger to Anthony's mother barred Anthony's cause of action. We conclude that the trial court erred in doing so.
At the outset, we recognize that Wisconsin courts have applied the open and obvious danger doctrine in two distinct situations, which has caused considerable confusion. Hertelendy v. Agway Ins. Co., 177 Wis. 2d 329, 334, 501 N.W.2d 903, 906 (Ct. App. 1993). First, if a plaintiff knowingly confronts an open and obvious danger and the parties stand in the relationship of landowner-invitee or manufacturer-consumer, the landowner or manufacturer is absolved of any duty to warn the plaintiff of danger. Id. at 335-36, 501 N.W.2d at 906. The second situation involves the application of the open and obvious danger doctrine in ordinary negligence cases; namely, those not involving a special legal relationship. In such cases, the open and obvious danger doctrine involves nothing more than the determination, within the context of comparative negligence, that the plaintiffs negligence exceeds another's as a matter of law, precluding recovery. Id. at 338-39, 501 N.W.2d at 907-08. We conclude that neither application of the open and obvious danger doctrine bars Anthony's negligence action here.
The open and obvious danger doctrine is based on the recognition that landowners are immune from liability for injuries caused to invitees by conditions that present obvious dangers because invitees are expected to protect themselves from obvious dangers. Id. at 334-35, 501 N.W.2d at 906. In other words, the open and obvious danger defense may apply where the danger is so open and obvious that the landowner has no duty to warn or otherwise protect the invitee. Id. at 335, 501 N.W.2d at 906. This meaning of the open and obvious danger doctrine — that the defendant owes no duty to the plaintiff — is limited to those situations involving a landowner's duty to invitees or other special legal relationships, such as the manufacturer-consumer relationship. Id. at 336, 501 N.W.2d at 906; see also Griebler v. Doughboy Recreational, Inc., 160 Wis. 2d 547, 466 N.W.2d 897 (1991).
Tynan argues that because she owed no duty to Anthony, the open and obvious danger defense acts as a total bar to Anthony's recovery. We disagree. Tynan mistakenly equates the circumstances in this negligence case with the cases involving special types of legal relationships. Wisconsin courts have repeatedly refused to apply the open and obvious danger doctrine to absolve defendants of any duty to plaintiffs where the landowner-invitee or manufacturer-consumer relationship was absent. Hertelendy, 177 Wis. 2d at 337, 501 N.W.2d at 907. "[T]he determination that a party has no duty to the other is a narrow exception to the broader Wisconsin rule that all persons have the duty to conduct themselves in a manner that will not harm or endanger others." Id.
In this case, neither Tynan nor Rockweit was an owner or possessor of the land. The existence of two different classes of individuals — an owner or possessor and an invitee — is absent in this case. Accordingly, the open and obvious danger defense is inapplicable in the first instance.
The second application of the open and obvious danger doctrine is within the context of ordinary negligence cases such as the present case. Wisconsin courts have recognized that in ordinary negligence cases, the open and obvious danger rule is not an absolute defense. Kloes v. Eau Claire Cavalier Baseball Ass'n, Inc., 170 Wis. 2d 77, 86-87, 487 N.W.2d 77, 81 (Ct. App. 1992); Wisnicky v. Fox Hills Inn & Country Club, Inc., 163 Wis. 2d 1023, 1024, 473 N.W.2d 523, 524 (Ct. App. 1991). Instead, it is a weighing of negligence as a matter of law and its application bars the plaintiffs recovery under the contributory negligence statute, § 895.045, Stats. Kloes, 170 Wis. 2d at 86-87, 487 N.W.2d at 81.
Anthony argues that the open and obvious danger doctrine cannot bar his negligence claim in this case because he cannot be negligent as a matter of law. We agree. According to § 891.44, Stats., a minor under the age of seven is "incapable of being guilty of contributory negligence or of any negligence whatsoever." Anthony was eighteen months old at the time of the incident and therefore cannot be negligent as a matter of law. Because the open and obvious danger defense involves a weighing of negligence and Anthony cannot be negligent, the open and obvious danger doctrine does not act to bar Anthony's negligence claim.
We addressed a similar argument in Shannon v. Shannon, 145 Wis. 2d 763, 429 N.W.2d 525 (Ct. App. 1988), aff'd in part, rev'd in part on other grounds, 150 Wis. 2d 434, 442 N.W.2d 25 (1989). In Shannon, a three-year-old child suffered severe injuries after falling into a lake. The child had been on the defendants' premises and was later discovered unconscious in the lake near their pier. Id. at 766, 429 N.W.2d at 527. In dismissing the defendants' argument that the open and obvious danger barred recovery, we concluded that
the [defendants'] argument that the lake presented an open and obvious danger, relieving them of liability, is without merit.. . . A three-year old child cannot be "reasonably expected to discover" the dangers associated with a lake. See Sec. 891.44, Stats, (a child under the age of seven cannot be found guilty of negligence).
Id. at 773, 429 N.W.2d at 530. Likewise, an eighteen-month-old toddler such as Anthony cannot be "reasonably expected to discover" the dangers associated with smoldering embers in a campground fire pit. See id. Tynan's argument that the fire pit presented an open and obvious danger to Anthony, thereby relieving her of liability, is without merit.
In short, the trial court's ruling appears to confuse the application of the open and obvious danger defense in landowner-invitee cases with its application in ordinary negligence cases. As we stated in Hertelendy, in ordinary negligence cases liability issues should be resolved by comparing the parties' conduct and apportioning negligence among them, not by absolving the defendant of any duty to the plaintiff. Hertelendy, 177 Wis. 2d at 339, 501 N.W.2d at 908. Because Anthony cannot be negligent as a matter of law pursuant to § 891.44, STATS., we conclude that the trial court erred in applying the open and obvious danger defense to dismiss Anthony's negligence claim.
We now must turn to the broader issue of whether Anthony may sustain a negligence cause of action generally. Anthony argues that the trial court erred in dismissing his common law negligence claim during motions after verdict. In her cross-appeal, Tynan argues that the trial court erred in ruling that Anthony could maintain a negligence action under § 895.525, Stats. Because the issues overlap, we will address the entire question of negligence within the context of Tynan's cross-appeal.
III. CROSS-APPEAL
Tynan filed a protective cross-appeal in the event that we conclude, as we have, that the open and obvious danger defense does not apply to bar Anthony's negligence claim. Tynan's cross-appeal is based on the trial court's denial of her motions after verdict. Tynan requested a directed verdict on the grounds that regardless of the applicability of the open and obvious danger defense, she owed no duty to Anthony and therefore was not negligent as a matter of law. The trial court agreed that Tynan owed no duty under common law, but concluded that such a duty existed under § 895.525, Stats.
A. Standard of Review
The existence of negligence is a mixed question of law and fact. Morgan v. Pennsylvania Gen. Ins. Co., 87 Wis. 2d 723, 732, 275 N.W.2d 660, 665 (1979). Generally, whether an individual is negligent is a question of fact to be decided by the jury. Ceplina v. South Milwaukee Sch. Bd., 73 Wis. 2d 338, 342, 243 N.W.2d 183, 185 (1976). However, the existence and scope of a duty of care — one element of a negligence claim — is a question of law for the court. Olson v. Ratzel, 89 Wis. 2d 227, 251, 278 N.W.2d 238, 249 (Ct. App. 1979). A closely related question of law that the court may decide in rare instances is whether a defendant is not negligent as a matter of law. Id. at 251-52, 278 N.W.2d at 250. In order to do so, however, the court must be able to say that no properly instructed, reasonable jury could find, based on the facts presented, that the defendants failed to exercise ordinary care. Ceplina, 73 Wis. 2d at 342, 243 N.W.2d at 185. We independently review the trial court's legal determinations. American Family Mut. Ins. Co. v. Powell, 169 Wis. 2d 605, 608, 486 N.W.2d 537, 538 (Ct. App. 1992).
B. Common Law Negligence
1. Duty
In order to sustain a cause of action for negligence, there must first be a duty of care on the part of the defendant. Coffey v. City of Milwaukee, 74 Wis. 2d 526, 531, 247 N.W.2d 132, 135 (1976). Therefore, the first question imposed upon a court is to determine the duty placed on the defendant by the facts alleged. Id. at 535, 247 N.W.2d at 137. The trial court concluded that Tynan had no common law duty "by nature of the property rights" involved because Tynan "did not occupy or possess [the] site." We disagree with the trial court's characterization of Tynan's common law duty.
Wisconsin has long rejected a narrow concept of duty. A.E. Inv. Corp. v. Link Builders, Inc., 62 Wis. 2d 479, 483, 214 N.W.2d 764, 766 (1974). The concept of duty as it relates to negligence is inexorably interwoven with foreseeability. Coffey, 74 Wis. 2d at 537, 247 N.W.2d at 138. The duty of any person is the obligation of due care to refrain from any act which will cause foreseeable harm to others even though the nature of that harm and the identity of the harmed person are unknown at the time of the act. A.E. Investment, 62 Wis. 2d at 483, 214 N.W.2d at 766.
The trial court's emphasis on whether Tynan owned or possessed the campsite is misplaced. Tynan's duty in this case is not dictated by her relationship to the property. Rather, the appropriate question in this case is whether Tynan's failure to extinguish the campfire was an act or omission that would foreseeably cause harm to someone. See id. We conclude that it was. The campfire was burning throughout the day on Saturday until 4:00 a.m. the next morning. Tynan was present at the fire for at least eight hours and she was one of the three persons last to leave the fire pit. The fire pit was flush to the ground without a barrier surrounding it. Several small children were camping near the fire pit. Given these facts known to Tynan, we conclude that it was foreseeable that the embers from the campfire would remain hot until the next morning and foreseeable that someone might be harmed as a result of her failure to extinguish the fire. Accordingly, we conclude that Tynan had a common law duty to Anthony.
Tynan argues that she had no duty to extinguish the fire because Wisconsin law does not impose a duty on a person to protect others from the risk of injury or from hazardous situations. See DeBauche v. Knott, 69 Wis. 2d 119, 122-23, 230 N.W.2d 158, 160 (1975); see also Winslow v. Brown, 125 Wis. 2d 327, 331, 371 N.W.2d 417, 420 (Ct. App. 1985). Therefore, she contends that she cannot be liable for failing to take steps to protect Anthony from the fire pit. While we agree that Tynan did not have a duty to protect Anthony from a hazardous situation, the circumstances here do not encompass intervention or the prevention of harm. We disagree with Tynan's characterization that her conduct merely constituted inaction or failure to take steps to protect Anthony for which she is not liable.
The distinction between action and inaction — "misfeasance and nonfeasance" — in the determination of the existence of duty has long been examined in the common law of negligence. W. PAGE KEETON ET AL., Prosser and Keeton on the Law of Torts, § 56, at 373 (5th ed. 1984). "Misfeasance" refers to active misconduct working positive injury to others while "nonfeasance" refers to passive inaction or a failure to take steps to protect them from harm. Id. The rationale behind imposing liability for misfeasance and not nonfeasance is "the fact that by 'misfeasance' the defendant has created a new risk of harm to the plaintiff, while by 'nonfeasance' he has at least made his situation no worse, and has merely failed to benefit him by interfering in his affairs." Id.
Even though Tynan characterizes her failure to extinguish the fire as passive inaction, "[i]t is clear that it is not always a matter of action or inaction as to the particular act or omission which has caused the plaintiffs damage." Id. at 374. For example:
Failure to blow a whistle or to shut off steam, although in itself inaction, is readily treated as negligent operation of a train, which is affirmative misconduct; an omission to repair a gas pipe is regarded as negligent distribution of gas; and failure to supply heat for a building can easily become mismanagement of a boiler.
Id. (footnotes omitted). Similarly, failing to extinguish hot embers in a fire pit may be considered negligent management or control of a fire. The duty owed by Tynan was the duty not to harm anyone by affirmative acts or omissions. Her affirmative act of leaving hot embers in the fire pit created the dangerous situation which could foreseeably cause harm to someone.
Tynan also argues that mere presence at the commission of a tort, or the failure to object, is insufficient to constitute negligent action. See McNeese v. Pier, 174 Wis. 2d 624, 632, 497 N.W.2d 124, 127 (1993); see also Winslow, 125 Wis. 2d at 331, 371 N.W.2d at 420. Tynan asserts that because she did not start the fire, cook on the fire, maintain or tend the fire, she was simply a social invitee and her mere presence around the fire cannot create a duty. We disagree.
Tynan's focus on the maintenance of the fire is misplaced. When done with appropriate precautions, starting and maintaining a campfire is not inherently dangerous. The conduct in question is leaving hot embers unattended and not extinguished. Tynan, Rockweit and Keith were the three persons directly involved with this decision or failure to act because they were the last to leave the fire. Any one of these three had the opportunity to extinguish the hot embers with water, but failed to do so.
In sum, the relevant inquiry is whether the defendants' conduct of failing to extinguish hot embers in a fire pit that is level to the ground, within hours of children playing in the area, would foreseeably subject Anthony to an unreasonable risk of injury. We conclude that under the circumstances the risk of injury was foreseeable; therefore, a common law duty existed.
2. Negligence
Our conclusion that Tynan owed a duty to Anthony under the facts of this case does not mean that Tynan was negligent. Negligence consists of failing to use that degree of ordinary care which would be exercised by "the great mass of mankind" under the same or similar circumstances. WlS JI — CIVIL 1005.
A person fails to exercise ordinary care, when, without intending to do any harm, he or she does something or fails to do something under circumstances in which a reasonable person would foresee that by his or her action or failure to act, he or she will subject a person ... to an unreasonable risk of injury....
Id.
We recall here our statement that negligence is ordinarily a question for the jury. Ceplina, 73 Wis. 2d at 342, 243 N.W.2d at 185. The jury in this case found that Tynan and Rockweit were negligent in failing to extinguish the embers remaining in the fire pit from the campfire. We must uphold a jury's finding of negligence if there is any credible evidence which, under any reasonable view, supports the verdict. McNeese, 174 Wis. 2d at 630, 497 N.W.2d at 126-27. Credible evidence exists "if there is evidence which 'when reasonably viewed, fairly admits an inference supporting the jury's findings.'" Id. at 630, 497 N.W.2d at 127 (quoting Leatherman v. Garza, 39 Wis. 2d 378, 386, 159 N.W.2d 18, 23 (1968)). Based upon our review of the record, we conclude that credible evidence exists to support the jury's finding that Tynan was negligent in that she breached her duty to act with reasonable care.
Tynan repeatedly attempts to posture herself as a "mere spectator" and a "social guest" of the Rockweit group who simply stopped by on the night in question. The record reveals that Tynan was more than a mere passerby. Tynan’s campsite registration was marked "Rockweit" on the top. Tynan and her family spent some of the day on Saturday with various members of the Rockweit group, and at one point during the day on Saturday, Tynan was present at the group campsite where the fire was already lit. It is undisputed that both Tynan and Rockweit sat around the campfire for an extended period of time on Saturday night until 4:00 a.m. the following morning.
Further, Tynan and Rockweit both testified that they knew that campfires were dangerous and that a fire not extinguished at night could well contain hot embers in the morning. Tynan testified that she was an experienced camper and knew that campfires are supposed to be extinguished for safety reasons before going to bed. Rockweit also testified that she knew of the dangers of allowing an unattended fire to burn down to smoldering embers. Both women also were well aware that a number of young children were in the Rockweit camping group and that it would be easy for a child to fall into a fire pit flush with the ground. Additionally, Rockweit testified that she did not consider the campfire to be Keith's responsibility and Tynan testified that although she did not know whose campfire it was, she had no expectation that anyone else would put out the fire. Both women testified that they could have put out the fire had they chosen to do so.
In sum, we conclude that the question of whether Tynan's action constituted negligence was properly for the jury to decide. See Vlasak v. Gifford, 248 Wis. 328, 332, 21 N.W.2d 648, 649 (1946) (the question of whether proper precautions were taken when defendant left fire he thought was out is inescapably a jury question). We further conclude that credible evidence supports the jury's conclusion that Tynan and Rockweit breached their duty to act with reasonable care. Accordingly, we hold that the trial court erred in dismissing Anthony's common law negligence claim as a matter of law during motions after verdict. We cannot say that no properly instructed, reasonable jury could find, based on the facts presented, that the defendants failed to exercise ordinary care. See Ceplina, 73 Wis. 2d at 342, 243 N.W.2d at 185.
C. Section 895.525, Stats.
As an alternative basis for relief, Anthony alleged that Tynan violated her duty under § 895.525, STATS., the "participation in recreational activities" statute. The trial court agreed, concluding that although there was no common law duty, § 895.525 went "beyond the common law" and imposed a duty on Tynan. Because we conclude that Tynan had a duty under common law, we need not address the parties' extensive arguments regarding the applicability of § 895.525. However, we deem it necessary to state our disagreement with the trial court's interpretation that § 895.525 goes beyond the common law to impose a greater duty on individuals.
Section 895.525, Stats., states in relevant part:
(4) Responsibilities of participants, (a) A participant in a recreational activity engaged in on premises owned or leased by a person who offers facilities to the general public for participation in recreational activities is responsible to do all of the following:
1. Act within the limits of his or her ability.
2. Heed all warnings regarding participation in the recreational activity.
3. Maintain control of his or her person and the equipment, devices or animals the person is using while participating in the recreational activity.
4. Refrain from acting in any manner that may cause or contribute to injury to himself or herself or to other persons while participating in the recreational activity.
(b) A violation of this subsection constitutes negligence. The comparative negligence provisions of s. 895.045 apply to negligence under this subsection. [Emphasis added.]
The trial court concluded in motions after verdict that Tynan was negligent because she violated subsec. (4)(a)4 in that she failed to refrain from activity in a manner that may contribute to injury to other persons while participating in a recreational activity (camping).
We conclude that the responsibilities of participants in recreational activities set forth in § 895.525(4), STATS., imposes no greater duty on an individual than that which exists under common law. In particular, subsec. (4)(a)4 merely codifies a person's duty under common law to "refrain from any act which will cause foreseeable harm to others." See A.E. Investment, 62 Wis. 2d at 483, 214 N.W.2d at 766. According to the language of the statute itself, the intent of the legislature in enacting it was "to decrease uncertainty regarding the legal responsibility for injuries that result from participation in recreational activities." Section 895.525(1). Further, legislative history indicates that the intent of the statute was merely to "codify current law and [make] it clearer to laypersons." Wisconsin Legislative Council, Special Committee on Liability Law, Summary of Proceedings, at 9 (April 23,1987).
Accordingly, we conclude that the trial court erred in determining that § 895.525, Stats., imposes a greater duty of care on individuals. However, because we conclude that Anthony properly stated a claim of negligence under common law, we affirm the trial court's denial of Tynan's motion for directed verdict.
D. Public Policy I Superseding Cause
Tynan also moved for judgment notwithstanding the verdict arguing that even if she had a duty to extinguish the embers, she should not be held liable based on public policy. Once it is determined that a negligent act has been committed and that the act is a substantial factor in causing the harm, the question of duty is irrelevant and a finding of nonliability can be made only in terms of public policy. A.E. Investment, 62 Wis. 2d at 485, 214 N.W.2d at 767. A finding of nonliability in terms of public policy is a question of law which the court decides. Morgan, 87 Wis. 2d at 737, 275 N.W.2d at 667. The trial court concluded that the facts were not sufficient to relieve Tynan of negligence, as found by the jury, on public policy grounds and denied the motion. We review this question of law de novo. See American Family Mut. Ins., 169 Wis. 2d at 608, 486 N.W.2d at 538.
Courts may step in and hold as a matter of law that there is no liability "in cases so extreme that it would shock the conscience of society to impose liability." Pfeifer v. Standard Gateway Theater, Inc., 262 Wis. 229, 238, 55 N.W.2d 29, 34 (1952). We consider the following factors when determining whether imposing liability in a particular case is against public policy:
(1) The injury is too remote for the negligence; or (2) the injury is too wholly out of proportion to the culpability of the negligent tort-feasor; or (3) in retrospect it appears too highly extraordinary that the negligence should have brought about the harm; or (4) because allowance of recovery would place too unreasonable a burden on the negligent tort-feasor; or (5) because allowance of recovery would be too likely to open the way for fraudulent claims; or (6) allowance of recovery would enter a field that has no sensible or just stopping point.
Ralph v. EBI Cos., 159 Wis. 2d 518, 534, 464 N.W.2d 667, 673 (1991) (quoted source omitted). We conclude that none of these factors warrants a finding of nonlia-bility in this case.
In particular, Tynan argues that the injury to Anthony was wholly out of proportion with her culpability. We disagree. The record reveals that the jury considered the negligence of the three defendants who last had control over the communal fire pit and, in fact, placed the greatest amount of negligence on Keith (36%) and Christine (35%), Anthony's parents. By contrast, the jury appropriately considered the limited nature of Tynan's and Rockweit's responsibility when compared with the other defendants. We cannot say that the 7% and 6% negligence assessed to Tynan and Rockweit, respectively, was wholly out of proportion with their negligence.
Tynan also asserts that imposing liability under these circumstances constitutes an unreasonable burden. She argues that if she is liable in this case, "then a social guest in any recreational setting could be held liable for failing to remedy an allegedly unsafe condition, in almost any circumstance." Tynan analogizes that under our ruling, a guest at the campsite would be required to put matches away that were used by a third party to light a lantern used by everyone to provide light for a card game. Since the guest used the light of the lantern, Tynan theorizes that he or she would be liable for a subsequent accident involving the matches.
Tynan's argument and analogy fail because she neglects to consider the concept of foreseeability — the determining factor in any negligence case. It is difficult to see how a reasonable person would foresee that by participating in a card game he or she would subject anyone to an unreasonable risk of injury. By contrast, one can easily see how a reasonable person would foresee that leaving hot embers in a fire pit without barriers would subject someone to an unreasonable risk of injury. In her testimony Tynan acknowledged the potential risk of injury.
Tynan also contends that she should not be held liable for Anthony's injuries because "there is no unreasonable risk [of injury] created by having embers in a campfire pit since . . . that is precisely where they are supposed to be located." Tynan argues that the fire pit was a controlled hazard, as evidenced by Keith's testimony that he did not even consider extinguishing the embers before he went to bed. We disagree. While hot embers in a fire pit may be a controlled hazard, when not extinguished and left unattended they create an extreme risk of damage or injury. One need only consider the deadly forest fires started every year by one cigarette butt or a windblown ash from an unext-inguished campfire as evidence. Further, the fact that Keith did not consider extinguishing the fire does not establish that the fire was controlled; rather, it establishes that Keith was also potentially negligent.
Last, Tynan argues that it is unfair to impose liability on her because the negligence of Anthony's parents was an intervening act constituting a superseding cause of Anthony's injury. "Superseding cause" is a means of relieving a first actor from liability where it would be wholly unreasonable for policy reasons to make that actor liable for damages where an intervening act of a third person is negligent in itself and substantially causes the plaintiffs injuries. See Stewart v. Wulf, 85 Wis. 2d 461, 476-77, 271 N.W.2d 79, 86-87 (1978). Tynan asserts that if anyone had a duty to extinguish the embers, it was Anthony's father because " [i]t was his campsite, it was his campfire pit, it was his child who was ultimately injured." Further, Tynan argues that Anthony's mother did absolutely nothing to keep him away from the fire pit the next morning, which constituted an intervening cause.
The fact that a parent owes a duty toward his or her child does not necessarily relieve third parties of a duty toward that child. McNeese, 174 Wis. 2d at 630-31, 497 N.W.2d at 127. Clearly, the jury took into account the parents' duty to Anthony and responsibility for the incident by finding them 71% negligent combined. Essentially, Tynan is attempting to use the intervening cause argument to reargue cause and comparative negligence. Those are questions strictly left to the jury to decide.
In sum, the cases in which courts have relieved a causally negligent tortfeasor of liability on public policy grounds are infrequent and involve unusual and extraordinary circumstances. Stewart, 85 Wis. 2d at 479, 271 N.W.2d at 88. We do not consider this to be one of those cases. Further, we do not consider the jury's negligence verdict imposing liability on Tynan and Rockweit to "shock the conscience of society." Pfeifer, 262 Wis. at 238, 55 N.W.2d at 34.
E. Open and Obvious Danger Instruction
In the alternative, Tynan asserts that she is entitled to a new trial based upon the trial court impropérly instructing the jury regarding the open and obvious danger defense. Tynan claims that the instruction was erroneous because it limited the application of the defense to that of a reasonable person in the position of Christine instead of a reasonable person in general. Because we have already concluded that the open and obvious danger defense cannot be applied as a bar to Anthony's negligence claim, we need not address this issue further.
IV. CONCLUSION
In sum, we conclude that Anthony's negligence claim is not barred by the open and obvious danger defense because Anthony cannot be negligent as a matter of law according to § 891.44, STATS. Therefore, we reverse that portion of the trial court's judgment dismissing Anthony's common law negligence claim and direct the trial court to enter a judgment in accordance with the jury's verdict. We affirm the judgment in all other respects. Also, we affirm the trial court's denial of Tynan's motion for a directed verdict requesting that Tynan be found not negligent as a matter of law, but on different grounds. Unlike the trial court, we conclude that Anthony has a valid common law negligence claim independent of § 895.525, Stats. In addition, we affirm the trial court's denial of Tynan's motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict and motion to change the special verdict answers.
By the Court. — Judgment affirmed in part; reversed in part and cause remanded with directions.
The testimony among the three principals regarding the state of the embers is conflicting. Keith testified that the embers were still glowing when he left the fire pit; Mary stated that she could not recall whether the embers were glowing; and Tynan testified that the embers were not glowing but were gray and smoldering.
Anthony suffered second- and third-degree burns on both hands and on his right foot. Immediately following the accident, he was hospitalized for twenty-six days. Since then he has been hospitalized on several occasions and has had numerous skin grafts.
See Pierringer v. Hoger, 21 Wis. 2d 182, 124 N.W.2d 106 (1963).
The record indicates that there was confusion over which motion the trial court was granting. Initially, the court stated that it was granting "judgment notwithstanding the verdict to defendant Tynan and Rockweit under the open and obvious danger defense." Tynan's counsel then stated that they were in fact requesting a judgment on the jury's verdict of open and obvious danger dismissing Anthony's case. The trial court agreed and dismissed the case against Tynan and Rockweit. The court applied the defense to Tynan and Rockweit because they were the only defendants who raised it.
On appeal, Rockweit appears pro se and filed a brief adopting and incorporating Tynan and Wisconsin Farmers' arguments as her own. Unless otherwise noted, our references to "Tynan" also apply to Rockweit.
The trial court reasoned that:
The court will permit the question to be put on the verdict, but the court agrees that the instruction has to be modified. And the court further agrees with [Anthony] that, absent case law, I don't see how it can operate as a bar to [his claim]. However, I think the question on the verdict should still stand, and the instruction should be given with it modified to reflect the parental responsibility here of the mother.
The open and obvious danger instruction ultimately given stated:
Question No. 11 of the Special Verdict asks whether the fire pit in the campsite was an open and obvious danger. An open and obvious danger is an activity or condition which would be recognized by a reasonable person in the position of Christine K. Rockweit as a danger of the plaintiff, Anthony C. Rockweit. This question asks whether a reasonable person in the position of Christine K. Rockweit would have recognized the fire pit as an open and obvious danger to the plaintiff, Anthony C. Rockweit. In order for the danger to be open and obvious, it is not necessary to find that Christine K. Rockweit actually recognized the danger or that she recognized and appreciated the gravity of harm threatened by the open and obvious danger, but whether a reasonable person in her position would have recognized the danger.
Tynan contends that this case is analogous to McNeese v. Pier, 174 Wis. 2d 624, 497 N.W.2d 124 (1993), a case in which a driver was held not negligent after she parked her car in a driveway in order to pick up children for school and one of the children was injured by a vehicle when crossing the street to reach the car. In that case the court deemed it significant that the driver was following the same routine she followed every day and that she did nothing out of the ordinary. Id. at 634, 497 N.W.2d at 128. The court held that the driver did not breach her duty of ordinary care simply by being present at the time of the accident. Id. at 632, 497 N.W.2d at 127. Likewise, Tynan argues that she cannot be negligent because she was merely present at the fire pit. We disagree. In McNeese, the court recognized that there was no evidence that the driver acted or failed to act at a time when it was reasonably foreseeable that doing so would subject the child to an unreasonable risk of injury. As we have stated, that is not the case here.
Ultimately, the trial court entered judgment dismissing Anthony's negligence claim based on its finding that the open and obvious danger defense barred Anthony's recovery.
Because Anthony has prevailed in both the appeal and the cross-appeal, costs are allowed against the respondents. See Rule 809.25(1), Stats.
| CASELAW |
Corythomantis greeningi
Corythomantis greeningi, occasionally called Greening's frog, is a venomous frog species in the family Hylidae endemic to eastern Brazil, where it lives in Caatinga habitat. It is usually situated on vegetation, including in bromeliads, and on rock outcrops. Breeding occurs in temporary streams. Although suffering from habitat loss, it is not considered threatened by the IUCN. The specific name greeningi was in honour of Linnaeus Greening (1855–1927), an English businessman and naturalist known for his work on arachnids, reptiles and amphibians.
Description
Female Corythomantis greeningi grow to a length of about 87 mm while males are slightly smaller at 71 mm. The head is narrow, with bony crests behind the eyes and a long flat snout, armed with small spines. The body is slender, the skin being covered with warts. The legs are also slender and the fingers and toes have well-developed adhesive discs at the tip. The general color is light brown or gray, liberally blotched with red or brown patches; females are generally darker in color than males.
Distribution and habitat
Corythomantis greeningi is endemic to northeastern Brazil. Its range extends as far south as the northern part of Minas Gerais state. It inhabits a caatinga ecoregion, a semi-desert vegetation of shrublands and thorn forest. This experiences a short wet season, lasting about three months, and a long hot dry season.
Ecology
With a need to keep its skin moist and as a protection against predators, C. greeningi conceals itself in a tree hollow, a rock crevice, a bromeliad or other suitable location. In the laboratory, a female frog used a test tube for a retreat, sealing off the aperture with its head. In their natural habitat, when the rainy season starts and the creeks and channels run with water, male frogs establish territories near the watercourses and call to attract females. Several hundred eggs are laid by the female, attached to a rock in the watercourse.
This frog has evolved certain adaptations to enable it to live in a semi-arid environment. The head is roughened and flat, and the skin of the head is fused to the skull forming a casque; these features are often associated with phragmotic behaviour, in which an animal defends itself in a burrow by using its own body as a barrier. It has adapted its life cycle and method of reproduction to suit its environment. It also has a tough, impermeable skin which helps limit water loss, and a low basal metabolic rate which limits evaporation through its lungs. Unlike poison dart frogs which merely secrete poison from their skin, this species is equipped with skull spines capable of injecting venom into other animals, or human hands, via headbutting, a tactic it shares with Aparasphenodon brunoi.
The skin secretions contain a number of low-molecular mass steroids and alkaloids. In the laboratory, these produce a powerful nociceptive (painful) effect and cause oedema in mice cells. The secretions also inhibit cell growth in mouse fibroblasts and melanoma cells. In the wild, these provide a useful arsenal of chemical defences against predation.
Status
This frog has a wide range and is a common species with a large total population. The main threats it faces include habitat loss from livestock grazing and crop cultivation, and the occurrence of wildfires. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern", because any decrease in population size is likely to be at too slow a rate to justify classifying it in a more threatened category. | WIKI |
Flintshire County Council
Flintshire County Council is the unitary local authority for the county of Flintshire, one of the principal areas of Wales. It is based at County Hall in Mold.
Elections take place every five years. The last election was on 5 May 2022.
History
Flintshire County Council was first created in 1889 under the Local Government Act 1888, which established elected county councils to take over the administrative functions of the quarter sessions. That county council and the administrative county of Flintshire were abolished in 1974, when the area merged with neighbouring Denbighshire to become the new county of Clwyd. Flintshire was unusual in retaining exclaves right up until the 1974 reforms. The contiguous part of the county was split to become three of the six districts of Clwyd: Alyn and Deeside, Delyn, and Rhuddlan. The county's exclaves of Maelor Rural District and the parish of Marford and Hoseley both went to the Wrexham Maelor district.
Under the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994, Clwyd County Council and the county's constituent districts were abolished, being replaced by principal areas, whose councils perform the functions which had previously been divided between the county and district councils. The two districts of Alyn and Deeside and Delyn were merged to become a new county of Flintshire, which came into effect on 1 April 1996. The Flintshire County Council created in 1996 therefore covers a smaller area than the pre-1974 county, omitting the Rhuddlan district, which went to the new Denbighshire county, and omitting the pre-1974 exclaves, which form part of Wrexham County Borough.
Political control
The council has been under no overall control since 2012. Following the 2022 election Labour formed a minority administration with informal support from the Liberal Democrats.
The first election to the new council was held in 1995, initially operating as a shadow authority before coming into its powers on 1 April 1996. Political control of the council since 1996 has been held by the following parties:
Leadership
The leaders of the council since 1996 have been:
Composition
Following the 2022 election, the composition of the council was: As at July 2023, of the 30 independent councillors, 26 sit together as the "Independents Group", three form the "Eagle Group" and one is not aligned to any group. The next election is due in 2027.
Elections
Since 2012, elections have taken place every five years. The last election was 5 May 2022. Party with the most elected councillors in bold. Coalition agreements in notes column.
By the May 2017 elections the Labour Group held 34 seats on the council and held the same number after the election results came in, though they had gained seats in some wards (for example Llanfynydd) and lost in others (e.g. Bagillt East). Fourteen (13 Lab & 1 Ind) of the seventy seats were elected unopposed.
Following the elections in 2012 the council was governed by a coalition between Labour and a group of some of the Independents. Labour was the largest political group within the council with 34 members, followed by the Independent Alliance (14), Conservatives (6), Independents (6), the Liberal Democrats (5), and the New Independents (5).
Premises
The council is based at County Hall on Raikes Lane in Mold, which was built in 1967 for the original Flintshire County Council. Between 1974 and 1996 the building had been the headquarters of Clwyd County Council. When Flintshire was re-established as an administrative area in 1996 the new council inherited County Hall and the relatively new offices (built 1992) of Alyn and Deeside Borough Council at St David's Park in Ewloe in the community of Hawarden. The building at Ewloe was leased to Unilever for some years and was renamed Unity House. By 2018, County Hall was proving very costly to maintain, while Unilever's lease of Unity House had ended and the council had tried to sell it without success. The council therefore decided to move several departments to Unity House, which it renamed Ty Dewi Sant. The rear wings of County Hall were then demolished in 2020, retaining only the front part of the building which includes the council chamber and some office space. County Hall therefore continues to serve as the council's official headquarters and meeting place, but many of the council's staff are now based at Ty Dewi Sant. The council also has an area office at Chapel Street in Flint called County Offices (formerly Delyn House) which it inherited from Delyn Borough Council.
Electoral divisions
Since the 2022 elections, the county has been divided into 45 wards, returning 67 councillors.
Few communities in Flintshire are coterminous with electoral wards. The following table lists the wards as existed prior to 2022 along with the communities and associated geographical areas. Communities with a community council are indicated by *: | WIKI |
Free John Marshall Essay Example
John Marshall was an American jurist and statesman. He was born in Fauquier County; he was the eldest of fifteen children. He was educated by his parents and clergyman residing with the family. Young John was serving alongside his father in Virginia minutemen, later in 1776 John, joined the continental Amy, which was an early alliance which was formed with Washington in times when the Marshalls fought under his leadership in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, New York. He lived between 24th September 1755 and 6th July 1835 (Smith, 1996). He rendered a big hand is shaping the American constitutional law he also made the Supreme Court the center of power. John Marshall served in the United States as the chief justice as from 31st January 1801, until 1835 when he passed away. He was the representative of the United States house 4th March, 1799 to 7th June, 1800. He was also the state secretary from 6th June, 1800, to 4th March, 1801under president John Adams. Marshal hailed from the Virginia commonwealth and a Federalist Party leader (Smith, 1996). Despite the fact that John Marshal served long time as the Chief Justice, he is still remembered for the role he played in expanding federal power.
Marshal was the longest serving chief justice in the history of Supreme Court; he dominated over a period of three decades and his role was very significant in the development of the legal system of America. Marshal established that judicial review should be exercised by the courts and also he established the power to scrap out the laws that contravene the constitution. Therefore, the credit of reinforcing the judiciary position as a brunch of government which was influential and independent went to Marshal (Smith, 1996). There were several important decisions that were made by the Marshall courts including; power balance shaping between the state and the federal government during the republics early years. Of all the judges of the Supreme Court there was no match for John Marshal (McNamara, 2009). The passion and statesmanship exercised by Marshal is still significant.
John marshal was devoted to national commerce improvement, establishing the judicial branch power, and strengthening the central government. Marshal took advantage of hi s wisdom and great charisma as he supervised the many critical cases that would finally result in revolutionary verdict. There were many issues during john Marshall’s term; the major one was the land grant validity dispute (McNamara, 2009). In Fletcher vs. Peck case Marshall concluded a land grant a valid contract. During a case to strengthen the ruling the trail of Dartmouth vs. Woodward, Marshall stated that the land grant offered to organizations or individuals act as a legal contract that gives the owner privileges and rights to the given land (Smith, 1996).
In a bid to challenge the ruling, the southern states thought they were able to knock over the Marshall’s judgment in a way that suited them. However, john Marshall in Cohen vs. Virginia, case he established the right of the court to find the state legislatures actions unconstitutional and thus making the judicial branch the dominating power. This particular case was significant because it led to the establishment of a crucial point, which stopped the defilement of the federal government by the states (McNamara, 2009).
The other issue at hand was the question on who had jurisdiction over interstate trade for instance geographical areas and through rivers that moved in and out the state. The solution to this problem was found in Gibbons vs. Ogden case, where Marshall ruled out that such maters were under the federal government. He also reinforced the proper and necessary constitutional clause during the case of McCulloch vs. Maryland. For the second time the southern together with the western settlers thought that the national bank was becoming too imposing and they used the powers given to them by the state to tax it vigorously (Smith, 1996). One of the banks attorneys Daniel Webster informed Marshall that if the state was allowed even to have a slight power to tax the national bank, they would do it forever. Therefore, Marshall decided to favor the bank once more thus giving the federal government extra power over the states.
The other pressing matter was how the Native American was to be dealt with by the state during the expansion (Smith, 1996). Johnson vs. McIntosh was the first crucial case to deal with, the ruling that the tribes were to follow laws like normal citizens even though they were a separate entity within the United States. Afterwards in the case of Cherokee vs. Georgia, it was decided that the Indians were not only under the limitations of the federal government but they were also under protection (McNamara, 2009).
John Marshall’s influential rulings helped in reshaping the government of America, revealing the final arbiter of the constitution as the Supreme Court which was a document which the court would use to give it power to overrule the president, lower court, the state, and the congress. Marshall fought to protect individual rights and the rights of corporations against the intrusive state government. Marshal was able to set an enormous precedent in the political realms of America by having the ability to balance out the government branches, together with the state and the federal power, which saw the provision of the rule of the law which up to date still, exists (Smith, 1996).
Marshal’s final years were characterized by several challenges. His devotion to court was at one point affected by his relationship with Polly who was ailing and needed care and attention throughout. He also partly concentrated on historic writing. He is the one who wrote the first biography of George Washington for two years before competing in 1807. Marshal’s health rapidly deteriorated after the death of Polly in 1831 and passed on on 6 July 1835. He is however remembered throughout the history of U.S for his impact in judiciary system. | FINEWEB-EDU |
A method for calculating pattern relevance in a text
This article aims at presenting a method for computing the relevance of a given string (pattern) in a text. This algorithm is at the core of my WordPress plugin Smart Tag Insert.
First of all, there is a difference between a simple pattern matching and computing text pattern relevance. The question we are trying to address here is the following: I have a string, and I would like to know how much that string is relevant for a specific text. For example, let’s say we have “download music” as the string of which relevance we are interested into. How can we determine how much relevant it is for a specific article?
The simple approach
The easy thing one could try is run a pattern match of “download music” in the article text. That is okay, but suppose the article contained strings like “download the music”, or “download some music”, or “downloading music”, or “download good quality music”. It is clear that, to a human, all these strings are equivalent when trying to understand what the article is about: it is about downloading music, regardless of whether it is good, bad, a lot or little.
A simple pattern match would fall short, because it would exclude all those other strings and make it look like the content is not very much about downloading music, just because “download music” was never found exactly that way.
So the first point we need to acknowledge if we want to try to teach a machine to compute text pattern relevance, is that we need to find a way, at least a rough way, to teach it to grasp the meaning of the content.
(One thing that should be clear from the beginning is that we are not going to teach a machine to understand what a text is about, but rather whether the subject of the text is the one we are suggesting (for example, from a list). We are not asking what a text is about, we are asking whether the given text is related to “download music”, and how we can assign a number to that relevance.)
A more sophisticated approach
So we have a couple of things we need to think about:
1. how do we run a gentle pattern match, so that “downloading music” gets recognized as well? However, we still don’t want the match to be completely ineffective. If a text starts with “download” and ends with “music”, and has 3k words in between, that match should value pretty low (or nothing). So the next problem is:
2. how do we effectively quantify the value of a single match?
The gentle/flexible pattern match
Point one is rather technical. We can build a regex that does the text pattern match the way we want like this:
People better at dealing with regular expressions than I am may notice that this regex does what we wished, but has a limitation: it will match fine “download some music” and even “downloading some musicality” (whatever it means), but it will miss “redownload music” and “download discomusic”. The choice here is due to the fact that prefixes change word meanings more often than post-fixes do (for example, imagine a text about the “new york run”: allowing prefixes as well as post-fixes would make “new york forerunner” seem related to the text, while it is not).
Anyway, in a human language our regex reads: match strings that
• start with download. No exceptions. Don’t allow anything before (this assures us a real match is starting);
• at some point (even 1k chars away) have music. Again, not discomusic or any other prefix to music;
• end after music;
• do the above case-insensitively.
Of course, one can have regex for complex strings, however complex they may be. For example, if one wishes to match “download good music fast”, the regex would be
A good idea would be to discard matches with full stops in them, and we will do that while processing the matches.
Determining a relevance score
Once we find a match, we need to assign a score to it. The idea is that if “download music” is found exactly, then it Is a perfect match, if “download good and nice music” is found, then yes it should be a match, but we do not want it to have the same score as a perfect match, and if “downloading an antivirus is important so that your computer can’t be hurt by fake music” is found, then it should have a pretty low score.
The idea is to rely on the number of characters that are between each word of the string to match. This is a rough method, but it is fine enough to grant decent relevance scores. Mathematically speaking, we want the relevance of a match to be a (strictly) decreasing function of the number of characters that stand in between of the match words.
The formula we are going to use can be schematized like this:
relevance of a match = relevance of a perfect match – decrease of relevance due to in between chars
This expression still has two unknown values. We thus have two questions to address now:
1. What should the relevance of a perfect match be? My answer comes from the following (arguable) assumption: perfectly finding 10 times the match in a 360 words text means 100% relevance of the given string. This is actually kind of reasonable: if you consider that an average sentence can be of 30 words, then to find a perfect match in each sentence would need 12 matches in the whole text. We could use 12 instead of 10, but 12 relates to an unlikely scenario, and would probably make posts reach lower scores than their real ones. So 10 is my choice.
2. How much should relevance decrease, given the number of chars in between? This is 100% empirical, based on my expectations on test texts, but it looked like x^(4/5) is fine. It plays well on small numbers (so that “download the music” has still quite high a relevance) but gets bigger as soon as numbers grow a little bit, so that it drops the relevance of matches with words too far apart.
Share your knowledge!
Now, I am sure there are better ways to compute pattern relevance in a text. This article wants to be a starting point for methods of this kind, since I am quite confident that the ideas and the questions I have tried to address here do have some value. Getting to the root of the questions that we need to answer to solve a specific problem is more important than the answers one can provide, and are anyway fundamental in finding the right answers. So if you have any idea to improve this method, or have something completely different in mind, please do share it in the comments below, I would really like to know!
The complete algorithm for text pattern relevance
At this point, we have everything to build the algorithm that will calculate the relevance given a string (needle) and a text (haystack). What follows is written in PHP.
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Thermoelectric Effect
The basis of thermocouples was established by Thomas Johann Seebeck in 1821 when he discovered that a conductor generates a voltage when subjected to a temperature gradient. To measure this voltage, one must use a second conductor material which generates a different voltage under the same temperature gradient. Otherwise, if the same material was used for the measurement, the voltage generated by the measuring conductor would simply cancel that of the first conductor. The voltage difference generated by the two materials can then be measured and related to the corresponding temperature gradient. It is thus clear that, based on Seebeck's principle, thermocouples can only measure temperature differences and need a known reference temperature to yield the abolute readings.
There are three major effects involved in a thermocouple circuit: the Seebeck, Peltier, and Thomson effects.
The Seebeck effect describes the voltage or electromotive force (EMF) induced by the temperature difference (gradient) along the wire. The change in material EMF with respect to a change in temperature is called the Seebeck coefficient or thermoelectric sensitivity. This coefficient is usually a nonlinear function of temperature.
Peltier effect describes the temperature difference generated by EMF and is the reverse of Seebeck effect. Finally, the Thomson effect relates the reversible thermal gradient and EMF in a homogeneous conductor.
Thermocouple Circuit
A typical thermocouple circuit can be illustrated as follows:
Typical Thermocouple Circuit
Suppose that the Seebeck coefficients of two dissimilar metallic materials, metal A and metal B, and the lead wires are SA, SB, and SLead respectively. All three Seebeck coefficients are functions of temperature. The voltage output Vout measured at the gage (see schematic above) is,
where TRef is the temperature at the reference point, TTip is the temperature at the probe tip. Note that mathematically the voltage induced by the temperature and/or material mismatch of the lead wires cancels, whereas in reality the lead wires will introduce noise into the circuit.
If the Seebeck coefficient functions of the two thermocouple wire materials are pre-calibrated and the reference temperature TRef is known (usually set by a 0°C ice bath), the temperature at the probe tip becomes the only unknown and can be directly related to the voltage readout.
If the Seebeck coefficients are nearly constant across the targeted temperature range, the integral in the above equation can be simplified, allowing one to solve directly for the temperature at the probe tip,
In practice, vendors will provide calibration functions for their products. These functions are usually high order polynomials and are calibrated with respect to a certain reference temperature, e.g., 0 °C (32 °F). Suppose that the coefficients of the calibration polynomials are a0, a1, a2, ..., an. The temperature at the probe tip can then be related to the voltage output as,
Note that the above formula is effective only if the reference temperature TRef in the experiment is kept the same as the reference temperature specified on the data sheet. Furthermore, these coefficients are unit sensitive. Make sure to use the vendor-specified temperature unit (i.e. Celsius/centigrade, Fahrenheit, or Kelvin) when plugging in numbers.
Again, a thermocouple is a relative not absolute temperature sensor. In other words, a thermocouple requires a reference of known temperature which is provided by ice water in the above illustration. While ice water is an easy to obtain and well known reference, it is not practical out side of a laboratory. Thus, common commercialized thermocouples often includes another temperature sensor, such as thermistor, to provide the reading of the reference (room/surrounding) temperature.
Thermoelectric Sensitivity
The Seebeck coefficients (thermoelectric sensitivities) of some common materials at 0 °C (32 °F) are listed in the following table.
Material Seebeck
Coeff.
*
Material Seebeck
Coeff.
*
Material Seebeck
Coeff.
*
Aluminum 3.5 Gold 6.5 Rhodium 6.0
Antimony 47 Iron 19 Selenium 900
Bismuth -72 Lead 4.0 Silicon 440
Cadmium 7.5 Mercury 0.60 Silver 6.5
Carbon 3.0 Nichrome 25 Sodium -2.0
Constantan -35 Nickel -15 Tantalum 4.5
Copper 6.5 Platinum 0 Tellurium 500
Germanium 300 Potassium -9.0 Tungsten 7.5
*: Units are µV/°C; all data provided at a temperature of 0 °C (32 °F)
The above table also reveals some possible wire pairings. For instance, iron or copper can be put on the positive terminal while constantan can be used for the negative terminal of a thermocouple circuit (Type J and T).
Glossary | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
The Republican officials in Alabama defending Roy Moore
Most Republicans elected to federal office have said that Roy Moore, the Republican nominee for Alabama's Senate seat, needs to withdraw from the race if the allegations that he sexually assaulted a 14-year-old girl in 1979 prove true. Some prominent GOPers, like Sen. John McCain and Mitt Romney, have gone a step further, calling for Moore's immediate withdrawal. But many top Republicans in Alabama have questioned the allegations against Moore and sometimes defended him. Why it matters: It's a symptom of the hyperpartisan nature of today's political landscape, especially because many of the deflections by Alabama Republicans stated that they would never vote for a Democrat — no matter what Moore did. The Alabama Republican officials defending Moore: Alabama Secretary of State John Merrill: "It's odd to me that this information has just been introduced. In all the campaigns Judge Moore has ever run before ― and he has run a lot of them, probably a dozen campaigns ― it's very, very odd to me this information has just been introduced." Alabama State Auditor Jim Zeigler: "Take the Bible. Zachariah and Elizabeth for instance. Zachariah was extremely old to marry Elizabeth and they became the parents of John the Baptist. Also take Joseph and Mary. Mary was a teenager and Joseph was an adult carpenter. They became parents of Jesus. There's just nothing immoral or illegal here. Maybe just a little bit unusual." Alabama Rep. Ed Henry: "If they believe this man is predatory, they are guilty of allowing him to exist for 40 years. I think someone should prosecute and go after them. You can't be a victim 40 years later, in my opinion." Bibb County GOP Chair Jerry Pow: "I would vote for Judge Moore because I wouldn't want to vote for [Democratic Senate candidate Doug Jones]. I'm not saying I support what he did." Covington County GOP Chairman William Blocker: "If they said she was a Hillary supporter, then she'd be more dismissed by the local voters here in the state of Alabama. You'd have to paint her as a Trump supporter to be of any credibility…"There is no option to support to support Doug Jones, the Democratic nominee. When you do that, you are supporting the entire Democrat party." Geneva County GOP Chair Riley Seibenhener: "Other than being with an underage person — he didn't really force himself." Madison County GOP Chair Sam Givhan: "I'm obviously suspicious. After all, some of these allegations are 40 years old. The man's been elected twice. Run two other times. Never came up before. Pretty amazing, the timing of this." Marion County GOP Chair David Hall: "I really don't see the relevance of it. He was 32. She was supposedly 14. She's not saying that anything happened other than they kissed." Mobile County GOP Chair John Skipper: "It does not really surprise me. I think it is a typical Democratic — Democrat — ploy to discredit Judge Moore, a sincere, honest, trustworthy individual." | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
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Recognizing Early Signs of Autism in Children
BlueSprig June 20, 2023
As a parent, it is natural to wonder and worry about the growth and development of your child. One of the common questions among parents is the signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD is a broad term to describe a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social communication issues and repetitive or restricted behavior. Autism is a spectrum disorder which means that it affects people differently and to varying degrees. As such, the signs of autism can look different for each child.
In this blog, we will discuss some of the more common early signs of autism that parents can look out for. By recognizing these signs, parents can take early action and help their child get the support they need.
May not respond to their name by 12 months of age.
An early sign of autism can be a lack of communication and the ability to interact when their name is said. A child may respond to their name inconsistently or not at all. The first step in determining if a child has ASD instead of a hearing disability is to visit an audiologist.
May have a lack of social-emotional reciprocity.
Children with autism may struggle to have a back-and-forth conversation with their peers or family members. Instead of being able to interpret how another person is feeling during an interaction, this individual might be unaware of their surroundings and social cues being portrayed by the other person.
May avoid eye contact and want to be alone.
In some cases, struggling to read social cues can coincide with avoiding eye contact and self-isolation. Making eye contact with another individual can cause a child with autism to become overstimulated, which results in little to no eye contact.
Research shows that 40-50% of people with autism suffer from anxiety. Being surrounded by others can cause this anxiety to rise and, in return, cause the person with autism to become avoidant from social interactions.
May have delayed speech and language skills.
Children with autism may show a lack of interest in connecting with their peers. Due to this, their speech and language skills could be delayed for the first 12 months of the child’s life. Some might find it difficult to understand rhythms and the meanings of different words; others find that their child has a large vocabulary, but creating sentences is a roadblock.
May have obsessive interests or unusual reactions.
Fixating on an interest can be a way for children with autism to cope with their anxiety, generate acknowledgment of their surroundings and help calm them down when they are feeling strong emotions. If a child has certain hobbies or skills that they repeat, this may be a sign that the child has autism. This may also look like a child perseverating on topics they find intriguing.
What to do if your child is showing these signs?
If you suspect your child may have autism, speak to your pediatrician about any concerns. Most pediatricians will use screening tools such as the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) or the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) to determine if autism is indicated.
You can also check out the CDC developmental milestones area to gain more knowledge on autism and the early signs that are shown in children with autism.
How BlueSprig can help
The most notable behavioral intervention for individuals with ASD is applied behavior analysis (ABA). ABA is a therapy built around the process of behavior change using reinforcement increase and decrease targeted behavior while improving strategies to both increase and decrease targeted behavior while working to improve socialization, communication, learning skills, and other developmental milestones. BlueSprig is the premier provider of ABA treatment, offering individualized programs geared toward young children with ASD in 140+ locations throughout the country.
To learn more about ABA treatment options for your family and to get started, visit bluesprigautism.com/locations. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Colorado earns rugged win over Cal
Colorado earns rugged win over Cal With Pac-12 tournament seedings on the line and a potential invite to the NCAA Tournament at stake, Colorado earned a rugged 54-46 win over California on Saturday at the Coors Events Center in Boulder, Colo. Derrick White scored 17 points, including a fall-away 3-pointer with the shot clock winding down in the final seconds, to lead the Buffaloes (18-13, 8-10 Pac-12). White also had eight rebounds and four assists. Senior guard Xavier Johnson poured in 19 points, including a pair of free throws to seal the game, for Colorado. Sophomore forward Ivan Rabb and senior guard Jabari Bird led Cal (19-11, 10-8) with 11 points each. Senior guard Grant Mullins added 10 points and picked up the offensive slack with Rabb and freshman guard Charlie Moore struggling. Moore came into the game averaging 12.7 points but was held scoreless. Perhaps the most crucial play for Colorado came from Denver native Dominique Carter. With the shot clock winding down, the junior guard buried a 3-point jumper to put the Buffaloes up 47-43 with 2:37 left in the game. A pair of free throws from Johnson extended the lead to 49-43 and the Golden Bears were doomed. Maybe it was the early start. Or maybe it was the altitude in Boulder. But anyone looking to see offenses on display were greatly disappointed on Saturday. Cal squandered a 23-point lead when the two teams met on Feb. 5 and had to pull away late to notch a 77-66 victory. On Saturday, the two teams might have set the game back a few decades to the pre-time clock era. The Golden Bears shot 27.3 percent for the game on 15 of 55 field-goal attempts. The Buffaloes connected on 34 percent (16 of 47 field-goal attempts). Cal didn’t score its first point until Rooks hit a free throw at the 17:15 mark. The Golden Bears didn’t record a field goal until Rabb sank a jumper a little more than a minute later. But the Buffaloes were just as inept on the offensive side of the ball. The Buffaloes shot only 25 percent from the field while the Bears were only slightly better at 30 percent. If not for seven turnovers, which resulted in seven Colorado points, the Buffaloes would have been in a much deeper hole. Heading into Saturday’s game, Cal had lost four of five, Colorado four of six. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Nasir Abad (maicha)
Nasir Abad is a village in Astore, in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. Nasir Abad has been traditionally used as a route for traders going to Kashmir from Astore, Gilgit and other parts of Pakistan. Nasir Abad is known for its delicacies like cumin and trout.
People of the village speaks Astori. Fishing is a common pursuit in the area. The Pakistan Army’s High Altitude School is located near Nasir Abad. | WIKI |
Analyst Actions: Credit Suisse North American Iron Ore Review; Upgrades New Millennium Iron Corp
Number 1 - Lower lump and pellet premiums impact Cliffs Natural Resources Inc ( CLF ), Labrador Iron Ore Royalty Corporation (LIF-UN.TO) and NML.TO; UPGRADING New Millennium Iron Corp (NML.TO) to Outperform; Revising Estimates and TP.
In this, the maiden edition of 'North American Iron Ore Review', we update our earnings expectations and valuations for CLF, LIF-UN.TO and NML.TO as a result of recent changes to our house commodity price forecasts. We have downgraded our lump and pellet premium forecasts as illustrated in the full report. Headline 62% index fines forecasts are unchanged.
There is an increasing trend for steel growth markets such as China to build steel capacity with integrated agglomeration capacity (sintering or pelletising) attached to the steel mill. Given that the Chinese have ample sintering and pelletising capacity, they remain unwilling to pay a premium for higher VIU products such as lump and pellet.
CLF produces ~50% of total tonnage at Koolyanobbing (Australia) as lump and basically 100% of the US Iron Ore production is pellet. Wabush also produces pellet and represents about one third of Eastern Canadian production. Although our underlying valuation has come down slightly, we maintain our bottom-of-street US$72/sh target price and NEUTRAL rating.
IOC (and indirectly LIF-UN.TO) will be increasing concentrate capacity to around 22mtpa in early 2012 and has capacity to pelletise around 13mtpa of this. In 2011 total sales consisted of 4.87mt concentrate and 8.71mt pellet. Our LIF-UN.TO target price is reduced to C$45/share but OUTPERFORM rating maintained.
We don't expect any of the hematite from NML's 4.2mtpa starter project to attract a lump premium, but roughly 15mtpa of a total 22mtpa of the KeMag/LabMag project is conceptually going to be pellet. Although the raw DCF has been reduced, we maintain our C$2.95/sh target price on the basis that our risk multiples have increased. We are upgrading NML.TO to OUTPERFORM.
Neither ADV.TO (C$3.50/sh, NEUTRAL) nor LIM.TO (C$7.80/sh, OUTPERFORM) are expected to produce commercial lump or pellet but rather beneficiated concentrates, so the lump/pellet premium reduction does not impact them. Valuations and ratings are unchanged.
The Iron Ore section from our Commodity Teams' Forecast Update piece has been reproduced at the back of this report which contains our latest views on the commodity space.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.
Copyright (C) 2016 MTNewswires.com. All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is strictly prohibited.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
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