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Chavez Bond Brokerage Purge Fails to Stem Venezuelan Inflation
Herman Sifontes used to manage more
than $200 million in client assets as the head of Venezuela ’s
largest brokerage. Then, in the spring of 2010, he was arrested
and his firm was shut down as part of a purge of brokers by
President Hugo Chavez. Today, according to his sister, Nathalie, Sifontes is
studying Chinese history in the basement of a military prison
and teaching guards English from his cell, Bloomberg Markets
magazine reports in its January issue. Chavez, ruler of the oil-rich country since 1999, has
publicly blamed bond traders for accelerating inflation and
devaluing the bolivar, Venezuela’s currency. In 2010, the
country’s inflation rate was 27.2 percent. In just one month,
from March to April of that year, consumer prices rose 5.2
percent. On May 25, 2010, Sifontes and three of his partners at
Econoinvest Casa de Bolsa CA were taken into custody by federal
police. Within days, seven other brokers were arrested. Three
weeks later, the financiers were formally accused by government
prosecutors of illegal currency trading . Tomas Sanchez , president of Venezuela’s National Securities
Commission, said in a June 2010 interview with Bloomberg News
that the brokers, who traded currencies on the bond market, were
setting arbitrary exchange rates and crippling the economy. “These were financial thugs,” he said. ‘Nest of Mafiosos’ On Venezuelan television in July 2010, Chavez described
Sifontes and his associates as “a nest of mafiosos.” He also
accused them of purchasing securities under false identities,
though no such charges were ever formally lodged against them. Since the government crackdown, more than 50 brokerages
have gone out of business. Meanwhile, the economy has failed to
pick up. Gross domestic product growth is expected to be 2.8
percent in 2011, according to the International Monetary Fund .
That compares with an average 4.5 percent for Latin America and
the Caribbean. As of November, the annualized inflation rate stood at 27.6
percent, the highest among 78 countries tracked by Bloomberg. In
an attempt to slow inflation, Chavez froze the prices of 18
personal care items from deodorant to toilet paper on Nov. 22 as
part of a law that will seek to regulate as many as 500,000
prices in the economy. While the economy grew 4.2 percent in the third quarter,
key areas such as food production contracted 9 percent, adding
to inflationary pressures. Amid a slow economic recovery,
uncertainty shrouds Venezuelan politics. Six More Years Chavez announced in June that he had been diagnosed with an
undisclosed form of cancer. A 57-year-old ex-soldier who has
overcome a number of barriers including a poverty-stricken
upbringing and two years in prison after a failed coup d’etat
against the government in 1992 Chavez has said his illness
will not deter him from seeking a third six-year term in the
October 2012 elections. As the election approaches, the government still has
financial resources that can help Chavez at the polls.
Venezuela, South America ’s biggest oil producer, can borrow
money, albeit at high interest rates . During 2011, the
government sold a record $7.2 billion of bonds to give the
economy a boost, including stimulus spending on agriculture,
public housing and job creation . Sifontes and the other brokers were arrested at a time when
the economy was hit by high inflation and an increasingly weak
bolivar. In January 2010, Chavez announced a 50 percent
devaluation of the currency, the first such measure in five
years. The government then set two official exchange rates. One
for essential imports such as food, medicine and machinery,
which stood at 2.6 bolivars to the dollar, and a second rate for
all other transactions, which stood at 4.3 bolivars to the
dollar. Plunging Bolivar There was, however, another legal means of trading
currencies: the bond market of which Sifontes and Econoinvest
were a part. During the first five months of 2010, the
fluctuating exchange rate on the bond market plunged 26 percent,
reaching a record low of 8.2 bolivars to the dollar on May 11. Venezuelans who purchased bonds to obtain dollars deposited
their money in foreign bank accounts. These funds could be held
as savings or used to pay in dollars for imports. Bond trading
was not only legal at the time; the government participated in
it by issuing bonds of its own. In late 2009 and early 2010, Central Bank President Nelson Merentes made it clear that the government believed the
country’s brokerages were instrumental in Venezuela’s economic
decline, according to Eduardo Fortuny, then a board member of
the Venezuelan Association of Brokerage Houses . Private Meetings In private meetings with the group, Merentes called on the
brokers to halt the bolivar’s slide or risk a possible
confiscation of their businesses, Fortuny says. Merentes
declined to comment on Fortuny’s account. One week before Sifontes was arrested along with his
Econoinvest partners Miguel Osio Zamora, Juan Carlos Carvallo
and Ernesto Rangel, the government suspended private trading in
dollar-denominated bonds and imposed new controls that gave only
state agencies, not private brokers, the right to trade in them. “There’s no economic reasoning for the weakening of the
bolivar,” Chavez said on state television. “This is a huge
fraud against the republic.” As of early December 2011, Sifontes and his colleagues had
yet to go to trial. Under Venezuelan law, they can be held for
up to two years before getting their day in court. The only time
Sifontes has formally addressed his guilt or innocence since his
arrest was during a preliminary hearing on Jan. 16, 2011. Court Testimony While the hearing was closed to the public and the media,
an official court video recording of the proceedings obtained by
Bloomberg News shows Sifontes saying bond trading was a
legitimate business. Indeed, one of his clients was the state-owned oil company ,
Petroleos de Venezuela SA , he says; another was the state
telecommunications company, Cia. Anonima Nacional Telefonos de
Venezuela, or Cantv . “We did nothing wrong,” he says on the tape. “I’m
completely innocent. We didn’t act behind the government’s
back.” On the recording, Sifontes can be seen showing a PowerPoint
presentation to the judge. “We had government support for our operations after they
established and promoted an open, alternative market as a public
policy,” Sifontes says. ‘Arbitrary Measure’ To find Sifontes and the other brokers guilty would be a
travesty of justice, says Luis Valdivieso, Sifontes’s lawyer. While the new controls on trading became effective on May
18, 2010, the government is seeking to prosecute the brokers for
trades they had been making since the mid-2000s, when Chavez
liberalized foreign-exchange transactions as part of what he
once called the “democratization of capital markets .” “Every
person who bought and sold securities to obtain dollars in
Venezuela since 2004 would also be guilty of the same crime,”
Valdivieso says. A Ministry of Planning and Finance official declined to
comment on the case. Questions e-mailed to Finance Minister
Jorge Giordani weren’t answered. On Nov. 14, Chavez defended his decision to shutter the
capital markets and denied that it was an arbitrary decision. The opposition “says that Econoinvest was the flagship
company, the best of the best,” Chavez said. “They insist that
I took an arbitrary measure against them, but they defend
corruption.” Grandstanding Gesture The brokerage crackdown was a typically grandstanding
gesture by the Chavez government, says Boris Segura , a Latin
America strategist at Nomura Securities International Inc. in
New York . “They wanted to send a signal to the rest of the market:
If you don’t behave, you’re going to go to jail,” Segura says. Sifontes was a likely target, given his prominence in the
Venezuelan business community as executive director of
Econoinvest, which had 937.2 million bolivars ($218.2 million)
in assets before the government placed it in receivership
following the crackdown. Married, with three children, Sifontes, 48, had worked in
finance for 20 years. Sifontes learned that the government was closing in on him
when he was having lunch in the upscale Caracas neighborhood of
Las Mercedes. He received a call from the Econoinvest office on
his mobile phone, according to Gabriel Osio, Miguel’s brother. Government Raid Sifontes was informed that a group of government officials,
including two public prosecutors, 14 detectives and eight
inspectors, were carrying out a raid on the office, seizing
computers and documents and interviewing some of the firm’s 600
employees, Gabriel Osio says. Gabriel Osio, 44, was president of Econoinvest’s executive
committee. He was also president of the Venezuelan Association
of Brokerage Houses and vice president of the Caracas Stock
Exchange . That day, he was eating at a restaurant in the Los
Palos Grandes neighborhood, closer to the office, with his
brother Miguel, 42, Econoinvest’s legal director; Rangel, 42,
managing director; and Carvallo, 42, sales and marketing
director. Gabriel, who was recovering from dengue fever, says he left
the lunch early. He says his brother, Carvallo and Rangel
returned to the office, where they joined Sifontes and were
taken into custody at about 8 p.m. Gabriel says he subsequently fled Venezuela to Florida and
is seeking political asylum in the U.S. Miguel urged him not to
return to Venezuela, Gabriel says: “My brother told me to stay
out of it.” Fleeing Brokers Osio says dozens of brokerage executives fled the country
in the coming weeks, some because they were named in arrest
warrants and others who feared they could be next. From his Miami base, he says he’s managing the finances of
Econoinvest’s holding company, Econoinvest Capital SA (ECO/A) , which
continues to operate some businesses, including a Panama-based
brokerage. Chavez’s naming of more radical officials like securities
regulator Sanchez and finance minister Giordani before the
crackdown was a signal of things to come, Osio said. “Everything changed with the new finance minister,” he
said. The buzz of the bond market is a far cry from Sifontes’s
new home, a prison in the working-class Caracas neighborhood of
Boleita operated by the Directorate of Military Intelligence. As
the months tick by, Sifontes and his fellow inmates, Miguel
Osio Zamora, Carvallo and Rangel have tried to keep busy,
Nathalie Sifontes says. Her brother has been taking online courses from Madrid-
based Universidad de Alcala . Prison Life “I think that thanks to his studies, he hasn’t felt the
full weight of being behind bars,” she says. Carvallo has learned Italian, Nathalie Sifontes says.
Rangel lifts weights and manages his Guataca Producciones
recording label, which promotes contemporary Venezuelan music.
The men visit a sunny terrace once a week for exercise before
returning to the harsh fluorescent lights of their separate
prison cells, she says. Two months before his arrest, Herman Sifontes reviewed
Niall Ferguson ’s 2008 book, “The Ascent of Money: A Financial
History of the World,” for Venezuela’s Institute of Finance and
Business. Ending his review on the institute’s website, Sifontes
pointed to what he thought was the book’s great lesson:
“Democracy, in its broadest sense, must incorporate the
business world.” ‘Venezuela’s Problem’ Under Chavez, the Venezuelan government operates by
different rules, Sifontes said in his videotaped court
testimony. “The government has created conditions so that the people
don’t believe in the bolivar and prefer to have dollars,” he
said. “This is Venezuela’s political, economic and sociological
problem.” Even a politician as powerful as Hugo Chavez can’t, it
seems, make the markets bend to his will, no matter how often he
changes the rules and how many brokers he throws in jail. To contact the reporters on this story:
Daniel Cancel in Caracas at
dcancel@bloomberg.net ;
Corina Pons in Caracas at
crpons@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Joshua Goodman at
jgoodman19@bloomberg.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
dgl.ops.u_add_e_mean
dgl.ops.u_add_e_mean(g, x, y)
Generalized SpMM function. It fuses two steps into one kernel.
1. Computes messages by add source node and edge features.
2. Aggregate the messages by mean as the features on destination nodes.
Parameters
• g (DGLHeteroGraph) – The input graph
• x (tensor) – The source node features.
• y (tensor) – The edge features.
Returns
The result tensor.
Return type
tensor
Notes
This function supports autograd (computing input gradients given the output gradient). If the feature shape of two input operands do not match, we first broadcasts the features to a unified shape (note that the memory usage will not increase accordingly) and then performs the operation.
Broadcasting follows NumPy semantics. Please see https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/user/basics.broadcasting.html for more details about the NumPy broadcasting semantics.
The mean function will return zero for nodes with no incoming messages. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Ivory Coast Farmgate Cocoa Prices for Week Ended June 26
The following are the cocoa prices
paid in Ivory Coast , the top producer, at the main growing
centers in the country from June 20 to June 26. The national average paid was 610 CFA francs ($1.34) per
kilogram (2.2 pounds). The highest average was 725 CFA francs
and the lowest 500 CFA francs. Prices are in CFA francs per kilogram and the information
is from the country’s cocoa and coffee exchange, known as the
BCC. To contact the reporter on this story:
Olivier Monnier in Abidjan via Accra at
ebowers1@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Antony Sguazzin at asguazzin@bloomberg.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Correlation Engine 2.0
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Functional sugars have unique structural and physiological characteristics with applied perspectives for modern biomedical and biotechnological sectors, such as biomedicine, pharmaceutical, cosmeceuticals, green chemistry, and agro-food. They can also be used as starting matrices to produce biologically active metabolites of interests. Though numerous chemical synthesis routes have been proposed and deployed for the synthesis of rare sugars, however, many of them are limited and economically incompetent because of expensive raw starting feedstocks. Whereas, the biosynthesis by enzymatic means are often associated with high catalyst costs and low space-time yields. Microbial production of rare sugars via green routes using bio-renewable resources offers noteworthy solutions to overcome the aforementioned limitations of synthetic and enzymatic synthesis routes. From the microbial-based synthesis perspective, the lipogenic yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is rapidly evolving as the most prevalent and unique "non-model organism" in the bio-production arena. Due to high flux tendency through the tri-carboxylic acid cycle intermediates and precursors such as acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA, this yeast has been widely investigated to meet the increasing demand of industrially relevant fine chemicals, including functional sugars. Incredible interest in Y. lipolytica originates from its robust tolerance to unstable pH, salt levels, and organic compounds, which subsequently enable easy bioprocess optimization. Meaningfully, GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status creates Y. lipolytica as an attractive and environmentally friendly microbial host for the manufacturing of nutraceuticals, fermented food, and dietary supplements. In this review, we highlight the recent and state-of-the-art research progress on Y. lipolytica as a host to synthesize bio-based compounds of interest beyond the realm of well-known fatty acid production. The unique physicochemical properties, biotechnological applications, and biosynthesis of an array of value-added functional sugars including erythritol, threitol, fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, isomalto-oligosaccharides, isomaltulose, trehalose, erythrulose, xylitol, and mannitol using sustainable carbon sources are thoroughly vetted. Finally, we conclude with perspectives that would be helpful to engineer Y. lipolytica in greening the twenty-first century biomedical and biotechnological sectors of the modern world.
Citation
Muhammad Bilal, Shuo Xu, Hafiz M N Iqbal, Hairong Cheng. Yarrowia lipolytica as an emerging biotechnological chassis for functional sugars biosynthesis. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition. 2021;61(4):535-552
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Heart Disease: Know the Symptoms
February 5, 2018
The warning signs of heart disease often don’t appear until you're having a heart attack. Symptoms of an emergency or impending heart attack may include:
Feeling faint
Weakness or a sensation of light-headedness
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Feeling nauseous or vomiting
Feeling very full or having indigestion
Pain in the chest or an uncomfortable pressure in the chest
Unusual pains in the back, shoulders, or neck
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BOUCOFSKI et al. v. JACOBSEN et al.
No. 1940.
Decided June 12, 1909
(104 Pac. 117.)
1. Appeal and Error — Time to Appeal-^Computation — Retroactive Operation oe Statutes. Tlie general rule that a judgment may not be affected by a statute passed after its entry does not apply to statutes affecting procedure or practice, so that. Rev. St. 1898, section 3168, as amended by Laws 1907, p. 228, c. 150, effective March 25, 1907, authorizing additional findings and conclusions of law after entry of judgment, would apply to a judgment originally entered on March 16th, so as to make the time for appealing from the judgment run from September 21st, when the additional findings were made; the action being still pending when the amendment became effective, by virtue of section 3490, providing that an action is deemed pending from its commencement until its final determination upon appeal, or until time for appeal has passed. (Page 171.)
2. Appeal and Error — Right op Appeal — Nature op Right. The-right to appeal is a constitutional and valuable right, and should not be denied, unless it clearly does not exist or has been lost, or abandoned. (Page 172.)
3. LIMITATION 03? ACTIONS-ACTION TO FORECLOSE — JUNIOR MORTGA* gee. One claiming title to, or an interest in, or a lien on, realty may invoke the statute of limitations as against a prior claimant, when the latter’s claim has been barred by limitations. (Page 174.)
4. Limitation 03? Actions' — Operation 03? Bar — Persons to Whom Available: — Action to Foreciose — Extension. Extension of time of payment by receipt of part payment, or accepting a new promise by the first mortgagee, will not revive the debt or extend time of payment without a junior claimant’s consent, so as to prevent him from interposing the statute of limitations, if such extensions are made after he has acquired his interest in the property, of which the first mortgagee has actual or constructive notice, and the full period of limitations has lapsed since he acquired his interest. (Page 177.)
5. Mortgages — Action to Foreclose — Remedies In Rem and In Personam. Under Comp. Laws 1907, section 3498, permitting only one action to enforce any rights secured by mortgage, when judgment shall be given adjudging the amount due and the sale of the property, and section 3499 permitting a general execution to issue against the debtor only after sale of the mortgaged property, there is no personal liability by the mortgagor .unless there is a deficiency after sale, so that an action to foreclose is essentially in rem, and personal service is not necessary except to support a judgment for any deficiency after sale, but, even in absence of personal service, the amount of the deficiency remains a subsisting debt of the mortgagor which may be sued for by the mortgagee. (Page 178.)
6. Limitation oe Actions — Computation of Time: — Suspension-Absence itrom State — Effect on Junior Mortgagee’s Claim. Since an action to foreclose a mortgage is under the statutes essentially one in rem, in which personal service is not necessary except to support judgment for a deficiency after sale, and since such deficiency may be sued for as a personal debt of the mortgagor, the mortgagor’s absence from the state would not extend the period of limitations in favor of a first mortgagee, so as to prevent a junior mortgagee from interposing the statute of limitations against the senior mortgage. (Page 178.)
7. Limitation of Actions — Action to Foreclose Mortgage — Limitations — Right of Junior Mortgage®. A'junior mortgagee may interpose the statute of limitations to bar a prior mortgagee’s claim to the full extent of his own interest in the mortgaged property, so that if the junior mortgagee afterward acquires the title, he may wholly bar the enforcement of the first mortgage, hut if he only has a lien, and the title is outstanding, and the first mortgagee's claim is not barred as against the mortgagor, the junior mortgagee may only set up the statute to postpone the first claim to his own; any surplus remaining after satisfaction of the junior lien going to the first mortgagee. (Page 179.)
8. LIMITATION 037 ACTIONS — ACTION TO FORECLOSE MORTGAGE — LIMITATIONS — Time oe Running. Where the interest of a junior mortgagee is acquired before the debt secured by a first mortgage has matured, the statute of limitations began to run in favor of the junior mortgagee from the time the right of action of the senior claimant against the mortgagor accrues. ' (Page 180.)
9. Mortgages — Action to Foreclose — Personal Judgment — Exhaustion oe Property — Necessity. Under the statute, the mortgaged property constitutes a primary fund to which the mortgagee must resort, and he can have no personal judgment against the mortgagor until it is exhausted. (Page 182.)
10. Mortgages — Action to Foreclose — Parties—Junior Mortgagee. In an action to foreclose a prior mortgage, a subsequent mortgagee or claimant is a necessary party; he being entitled to set up any legal or equitable defense to protect his interest. (Page 182.)
11. Judgment — Bar—Persons Barred. As a general rule, one’s rights in the subject of an action cannot be affected by a judgment to which he was not a party. (Page 184.)
12. Limitation of Actions — Action to Foreclose Mortgage — Limitations. In an action to foreclose by a first mortgagee, in which a junior mortgagee, who had also acquired a tax deed to the mortgaged property, pleaded the statute of limitations to postpone plaintiff’s claim to his own, plaintiff could attack the validity of the tax deed if the action was begun before the statute had fully run in favor of defendant’s interest in the mortgaged property. (Page 185.)
13. Limitation of Actions — Action to Foreclose Mortgage — Limitations. A junior mortgagee could at any time acquire title from the mortgagor without the prior mortgagee’s consent; and, if acquired either by grant or by tax deed after limitations had run in favor of the junior claimant’s interest, or if the statute had fully run since such interest was acquired, the latter could plead the statute of limitations to protect his whole title as against the prior claimant, and not merely to postpone the . senior mortgage to the lien, so that the júnior claimant, by having title based on a tax deed quieted in himself in an action against the mortgagor, could plead the statute to prevent the enforcement of the prior mortgage at all, though the prior claimant was not a party to the suit to quiet title. (Page 185.)
14. Limitation of Actions — Action to Foeeclosb Mortgage — Limitations. While the running of limitations as against a .subsequent claimant was not suspended by the mortgagor’s absence from the state, it was suspended as between the prior mortgagee and the mortgagor. (Page 185.)
Appeal from District Court, Third District; Ron. G. W. Morse, Judge.
Action by Selina Nixon Boucofski and others against Esther Cohen Jacobsen and others.
Judgment denying foreclosure and a personal judgment against the defendant named.
Plaintiffs appeal.
Remanded, wren directions to enter judgment against defendant named, and Aeeiemed as modified.
Allan T. Sanford for appellants.
G. S. Patterson for respondents.
APPELLANTS'’ POINTS.
The right of appeal is given only from final judgment. (Article 8, section 9, Constitution, Utah, section 3300 Revised Statutes.) “Final judgment means judgment terminating the litigation between the parties in the court rendering it, and when a motion for new trial is duly made within the period presented by law, the judgment becomes final for the purpose of an' appeal when it is overruled.” (Bear River Orchard G.ompany v. Ranly, 15 Utah 265; Watson v. Newberry, 15 Utah 506, 50 Pac. Rep. 611, 49 Pac. Rep. 479.) The motion to modify the findings must-be considered tbe same as a motion for new trial, and tbe time for appeal on. a motion for a new trial does not begin to run until decided, and tbe six months is from tbat date. (.Eastman v. Gurrey, 14 Utah 169, and cases cited, page 63, under annotation of section 9, article 8, Constitution.) Independent of tbe statute tbe court has tbe right to correct tbe findings to make them conform to tbe facts. (Rayes v. Witherbee, 60 Cal. 399; Hayne New Trial and Appeal, 145; Hayes v. Laviginino-, IT Utah 185; Lynch v. Ooviglio, II Utah 106.) Where a judgment is modified as tbe result of a motion made in tbe court, tbe time for appeal begins to run from tbe entry of tbe modified judgment. (2 Ency. PI. & Pr. 255; Billson v. Lardner, 69 N. W. 4YY; Hages v. Silver •& Go., 68 Pac. Hep. Y04, 136 Cal. 238; Mum v. 'Haley, 45 Cal. 63; Bixby v. Beni, 59 Cal. 532; Spencer v. Toniit, 65 Pac. Pep. 1083, 133 Cal. 605; In re Porter’s Estate, Y4 Pac. 986; Wake v. Thomas, Y8 Conn. 15, 60 A. Pep. 689; Johnson v. Foreman, 56 N. E. 254 [Ind.].) To ■permit tbe bolder of a lien to bar absolutely tbe right of another lien bolder is a gross injustice and tbe authorities do not permit it. (De Voe v. Bunlcle, Y4 Pac. Pep. 836; Brandestine v. Johnson, Y3 Pac. Pep. Y44; Frates v. Sears, YY Pac. Pep. 905.) It is rather a novel doctrine tbat one who has a first mortgage must keep on tbe lookout as to who acquires an interest in tbe property, and tbat no duty is imposed on those acquiring tbe interest to notify tbe first mortgagor. 'Such doctrine is opposed by tbe following authorities: First National Bank v. Woodman, 96 Iowa 668, 62 N. W. 28; Kernat v. Porterfield, 56 Iowa 412, 9 N. W. 322; Biddy v. Sinclair, 16Y Ill. 184, 4Y N. E. 364; 9 Ency. Law (2 Ed.), 314," It is almost universally held tbat an extension made, while the mortgagor owns tbe premises, is good as against subsequent purchasers. (Heger v. Pruyn, Y Paige 465, 34 Am. Dec. 355; Hough v. Bailey, 32 Conn. 288; Carson v. Oochran, 52 Minn. 6Y, 53 N. W. 1130; 19 Ency. L. [2 Ed.], 315, and authorities cited.)
Graves v. Seifred, 31 Utah 203, 87 Pac. 674.
Bacon v. Raybould, 4 Utah 357-361, 10 Pac. 481, 11 Pac. 510.
FEIGN, J.
Tbis case was beard and submitted at a former term of tbis court, and on November 1, 1908, we filed an opinion in the case by wbicb tbe judgment refusing a foreclosure of appellant’s mortgage was affirmed and tbe judgment in favor of respondent Jacobsen reversed. A petition for a rebearing was filed by tbe appellants. Upon a consideration thereof we entertained some doubts as to tbe correctness of our conclusions, and granted a rebearing. Tbe ease was again argued by respective counsel at tbe last term of tbis court. After reargument we bave become convinced that tbe views expressed by us in tbe former opinion should be modified in some respects, and for that reason, and to avoid confusion, that opinion will not be published, but tbis opinion will stand and be published as tbe decision of tbe cause.
Before proceeding to tbe merits we are required to pass upon a motion to dismiss tbe appeal, upon tbe alleged ground that it was not taken within six months from tbe entry of judgment. Tbe facts disclosed by tbe record upon wbicb the-motion to dismiss is based are, in substance, as follows: Tbe action is one to foreclose a mortgage. Tbe court made and filed findings of fact and conclusions of law, and entered judgment thereon on March 16, 11907. Thereafter, on tbe 8th day of June, 1907, appellants moved tbe court to make additional findings of fact and conclusions of law in accordance with tbe facts requested tO‘ be found. Tbe court entertained tbe motion of appellants, but held tbe matter under advisement until September 21, 1907, when it allowed tbe additional facts and made them a part of tbe findings in tbe case, but refused to allow tbe additional conclusions of law. No motion for a new trial was made in tbe court below. Tbe notice of appeal was served and filed on March 8, 1908. It is contended by respondent Salt Lake Investment Company that, in tbe absence of a motion for a new trial, tbe judgment became and remained final from tbe date of its entry, to-wit, March 16, 1907, and, as the appeal was not taken within six months from that date, tbe appeal is of no effect, and should be dismissed. Upon the other band, appellants’ counsel insists that pending the motion for additional findings and conclusions of law the judgment was not final for the purposes of an appeal, and that it did not become so until the court either allowed or disallowed the additional findings and conclusions of law. It is contended that, while the question whether additional findings and conclusions of law should be made or not was pending, the judgment was subject to be changed by the court, and hence not a final nor an appealable judgment. Respondent’s counsel answers his contention by the assertion that the court had no authority to entertain the motion, nor to allow or make additional findings of fact or conclusions of law after the entry of judgment, and therefore the judgment was final, notwithstanding the pendency of the motion of appellants. Section 3168, Rev. St. 1898, was amended by chapter 150, p. 228, Laws 1907, which amendment expressly authorized the trial court to do just what was done in this case. "While counsel for respondents does not question the court’s authority to make additional findings of fact and conclusions of law as provided by the amendment referred1 to, he insists that the amendment cannot be applied to this case for the reason that the original judgment was entered on March 16, 1907, while the amendment did not go into effect until March 25th, of the same year. Waiving the question as to whether the court had the inherent power to entertain a motion for additional findings of fact and conclusions of law after the entry of the judgment during the term at which it was entered, or while the action remained pending in that court as here- . after stated, we have no doubt the court had the power to entertain the motion in this case in view of the amendment referred to. While it is true that a party’s rights in a judgment, as a general rule, may not be affected by legislative "acts passed or which become effective after the entry of judgment, the rule does not apply to laws which are merely remedial, and which .only affect matters of procedure or practice. The amendment in no way affected respondents’ rights in the judgment. The only way that respondents were affected was by extending tbe right of appeal to appellants while the motion, to amend the findings and conclusions was pending. The legislature, within proper limits, might have extended this right directly. In any event, the amendment related to a matter of procedure merely, and this would apply to' all pending actions unless limited to future actions. In 1 Lewis’ Suth. Stat. Const, section 674, the author says: “Where a new statute deals with procedure only, prima facie, it applies to all actions — those which have accrued or are pending, and to future actions.” Further on in the same section it is said: “A remedy may be provided for existing rights, a new remedy added to or substituted for those which exist. Every case must, to a considerable extent, depend on its own circumstances. General words in remedial statutes may be applied to past transactions and pending cases, according to all indications of legislative intent, and this may be greatly influenced by considerations of convenience, reasonableness and justice.” In section 686 of the same volume it is said: “Statutes enacted to promote and facilitate the administration of justice áre prominent in the category of remedial statutes.” Section 3490, Comp. Laws 1907, provides: “An action is deemed ’to- be pending from the time of its commencement until its final determination upon appeal, or until the time for appeal has passed, unless the judgment is sooner satisfied.” This action was therefore pending) when the act amending section 3168 went into- effect; and, as such amendment pertained merely to- a matter of procedure, we are clearly of the opinion that the amendment applied to this as well as to all other pending actions. Moreover, the right to an appeal is a constitutional, as well as a valuable right, and ought not to be denied except where it is clear the right does not exist, or has been lost or abandoned. The motion to dismiss the appeal is therefore denied.
In proceeding to the merits it will be necessary to refer to the pleadings and findings. The action was commenced July 14, 1905, and the appellants, in substance, alleged in their complaint that on September 5, 1894, the defendant Esther .Cohen Jacobsen, executed and delivered her promissory note for $612 payable in one yqar to the order of Lewis P. Kelsey and James K. Gillespie; that to secure the payment thereof the maker made and delivered to the payees a mortgage upon certain permises in Salt Lake City; that appellants are the owners of said note and mortgage; that shortly after said note matured the payer, Esther Cohen Jacobsen, departed from the state of Utah, and remained a nonresident thereof and absent therefrom continuously for a period of five years; that no part of said note was paid; that the respondent Salt Lake Investment Company claims some rights to or interest in the mortgaged premises, but • that its right or claim is junior and inferior to appellants’ right. Appellants prayed for judgment for the amount of the note with interest,. and for a foreclosure of the mortgage and a sale of the mortgaged premises. Personal service was had' upon all the defendants, and all of them appeared by filing a joint answer, but the Salt Lake Investment Company (hereafter styled respondent) alone seems to have appeared at the trial and defended the action. The joint answer, after making certain admissions, set forth the following defenses: (1) That the appellants were not the owners of the note in question; (2) that the premises had been sold for taxes, and that respondent had acquired a tax deed for the same; (3) that the action was barred by virtue of subdivision 2, section 2875, Eev. St. 1898, which provides that an action upon an instrument in writing must be commenced within six years after the cause of action accrues; and (4) that on the 5th day of July, 1905, in an action theretofore ■commenced and pending in Salt Lake County against said Esther Cohen Jacobsen, the respondent obtained a judgment and decree by which the title to said premises, as against said Esther Cohén Jacobsen, was quieted in respondent. Appellants filed a reply in which the affirmative allegations of the answer are denied. The court, in substance, found .that the note and mortgage were executed and delivered as alleged; that appellants are the owners thereof; that no payments had been made thereon; that the payer, Esther Cohen Jacobsen, shortly after said note became due, in the fall of 1895, removed from tbe state of Utah, and has since such removal been a nonresident thereof, and for more than five years was absent therefrom; that on the 25th day of February, 1897, the respondent obtained a tax deed for said premises for delinquent taxes for the year 1894, and that on July 5, 1905, in an action theretofore commenced and pending in Salt Lake county, Utah, wherein respondent was plaintiff and said Esther Cohen Jacobsen, the maker of said note, was defendant, the respondent obtained a decree quieting the title to said mortgaged premises in respondent as against said Esther Cohen Jacobsen. As a conclusion of law the court found that the action was barred generally, and entered judgment in favor of respondent and against all of the appellants for costs, and refused to enter a judgment of foreclosure, and also refused a personal judgment against said Esther Cohen Jacobsen upon said note, from which judgment this appeal is prosecuted.
Appellants have assigned numerous errors, but rely principally upon the following: (1) That the court erred in not finding as conclusions of law that the plaintiffs were entitled to a decree of foreclosure; (2) that they were entitled to a personal judgment against Esther Cohen Jacob-sen for the amount due on the note; and (3) that the court erred in its conclusions of law in holding the action barred generally, and further, that the court erred in entering judgment in favor of respondents and against the appellants, and in not entering judgment in accordance with the requested conclusions of law as indicated above.
Referring to the last assignment first, we remark that this court is committed to the doctrine that any person who claims title to, or an interest in, or a lien upon, any real estate may invoke the aid of the statute of limitations as against a claimant whose claim is prior in time to the person invoking the aid of the statute, when the prior daim has been barred by the statute of limitations. (Graves v. Seifred, 31 Utah 203, 87 Pac. 674.) Counsel for appellants contends that the decision just referred to goes too far in tbat it permits a junior claimant to invoke tbe aid of tbe statute so as to defeat tbe action agaipst a debtor in a case where tbe running of tbe statute bas been suspended against bim by reason of bis absence from tbe state. Tbe view contended for by counsel seems to be tbe view tbat was taken by tbe tidal court, and benee a judgment was denied as against tbe debtor upon tbe sole ground tbat tbe action was barred, not only as against respondent’s claim, but likewise as against tbe debtor, although tbe court found tbat tbe original debtor bad been a nonresident of and absent from tbe state ever since tbe cause of action bad accrued. It was not held in Graves v. Seifred, supra, tbat because an action is barred in favor of a junior claimant, it is likewise barred in favor of a debtor. This question was not presented in tbat case, and hence not decided. Indeed, on page 212 of 31 Utah, page 676 of 87 Pac., Mr. Justice Straup, in referring to tbe bar of tbe statute so far as it affected tbe note, said: “It may be assumed tbat tbe action, on tbe face of the note, is not barred.” If tbe action was not barred as against tbe note, which was only evidence of tbe debt, then the' action to recover such debt could not have been barred as between tbe debtor and creditor. Counsel for appellants, however, insists tbat in any event tbe bar of tbe statute can be invoked by tbe junior claimant only to tbe extent of bis lien on tbe property. In other words, the junior claimant may invoke tbe aid of tbe statute so as to postpone tbe senior lien, if barred by tbe statute, to tbat of tbe junior lien, and when tbe junior lien bas been satisfied out of tbe property, tbe surplus, if any, must be applied in satisfaction of tbe senior or barred lien. This contention is based upon tbe equitable principle tbat, so long as tbe debt is not barred as between tbe debtor and creditor, tbe right to subject tbe property pledged as security to tbe satisfaction of tbe debt is not lost. This no doubt is sound equitable doctrine, and in some states is enforced, not only as between tbe debtor and creditor, but also as between tbe senior and junior claimants if tbe junior claimant bad either actual' or constructive notice of tbe senior lien upon tbe property.
Kerndt v. Porterfield, 56 Iowa 412, 9 N. W. 322; First Nat. Bank v. Woodmen, 93 Iowa 668, 62 N. W. 28, 57 Am. St. Rep. 287, and Richey v. Sinclair, 167 Ill. 184, 47 N. E. 364, are cases which illustrate the doctrine, and apply the principle as between the claimants so long as the debt is not barred against the debtor. Other courts, however, apply a different rule, as appears from the cases cited by Mr. Justice Straup in Graves v. Seifred, supra. But in deciding that case this court was not called to pass upon the rights of different claimants of the property or the effect the statute of limitations might have with respect to their interests. ■ All that wras presented in that case was whether a subsequent claimant could invoke the aid of the bar of the statute as against a prior one, and all that was decided vras that the subsequent claimant could invoke the statute to protect his interest or claim in or to the property constituting the subject of the action. The questions with respect to the effect of the statute of limitations as between different claimants, and when and under what circumstances the statute may be invoked by different claimants, and what, if any, effect the extension of the time of payment by the original mortgagee, to the mortgagor, or the tolling of the statute through the mortgagor’s absence from the state, has upon the various claimants, now arises for the first time. Upon this question the courts are in apparent conflict; ■ some enforcing one rule, some another. Where it is held that a junior claimant takes subject to all px*ior claims of which he had actual or constructive notice, and continues SO' to hold until the prior claim is barred against the original debtor, there is but little difficulty in determining the_ junior claimant’s rights. So long as the prior claim is enforceable as against the original debtor, it is equally enforceable as against the junior claimant in so far as it affects his claim. Many of the courts now enforce the rule, however, that a junior claimant may invoke the aid of the statute notwithstanding the debt is not barred as against the original debtor. But even among those courts there is some diversity of opinion, and the results reached by them do not always square with the rule upon which the results are apparently based. This, however, it seems to us, arises largely from the fact that some courts follow the rule to a certain extent, and in a particular ease, for what to them seems a good reason, depart from it in favor of some rule adopted by some other court, while others follow the rule to its logical conclusion in all cases where it can be applied. The weight of authority undoubtedly is to the effect that, before any one else has acquired an interest in the mortgaged property, the first mortgagee may, by agreement with the mortgagor, extend the time of payment, or may receive any payment or new promise which has the effect of reviving the debt or extending the time of payment, and such extensions will be binding upon any subsequent claimant. No such extension, however, will, without his consent, affect the right of the junior claimant to successfully interpose the bar of the statute if such extensions are made after he has acquired his interest in the mortgaged premises, and of which the first mortgagee had either actual or constructive notice. As we have said, we are committed to the doctrine that a subsequent claimant may invoke the bar of the statute as against a prior claimant. The question therefore is under what circumstances and to what extent may he do so?
This action was commenced pursuant to section 3498, Comp, laws 1907, which, in part, provides:
“There can he but one action for the recovery of any debt or the enforcement of any right secured by mortgage upon real estate or personal property, which action must be in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. Judgment shall be given adjudging the amount due, with costs and disbursements, and the sale of the mortgaged property.”
The section following provides that a general execution may issue against the debtor only after a sale of the mortgaged property. TJnder statutes similar to the foregoing the Supreme Court of California bas frequently beld that there is no personal liability upon the part of the mortgagor except after a sale of the mortgaged property, and then only for any deficiency remaining after the proceeds of the sale have been applied to the discharge of the debt. And, further, that the personal liability of the mortgagor cannot, without his consent, be enforced until after the sale, and for the deficiency only. Among the numerous California cases that might be cited we refer to the following: Biddel v. Brizzolara, 64 Cal. 362, 30 Pac. 609; Brown v. Willis, 67 Cal. 235, 7 Pac. 682; McKean v. German Am. Sav. Bank, 118 Cal. 334, 50 Pac. 656.
This court in an early case has also recognized the doctrine that there is but one action permitted for the recovery of a jiebt secured by mortgage. (Bacon v. Raybould, 4 Utah 357-361, 10 Pac. 481, 11 Pac. 510.) From this case it is apparent that an action to foreclose a mortgage in this state is essentially an action in rem, and can be prosecuted just as successfully upon constructive service in so far as the property only is sought to be reached as it can by personal service upon the mortgagor; the only difference being that in case of constructive notice merely no personal judgment in the action may be obtained against the mortgagor for any deficiency that may exist after sale, while, if personal service is obtained upon him within the state, a judgment may be rendered, and a general execution issued thereon. But the fact that a personal judgment cannot be had without personal service is of no great importance, since in case of deficiency the amount thereof continues as a subsisting debt owing by the nonresident mortgagor, and an action may be maintained against him for the amount thereof, and a judgment obtained and enforced as though no mortgage had been given. (Blumberg v. Birch, 99 Cal. 416, 34 Pac. 102, 37 Am. St. Rep. 67.). We have referred to these cases for the purpose of showing that there is no valid reason why the time to foreclose the mortgage should be extended upon the ground that tbe mortgagor is a nonresident of, and absent from, tbe state.
Tbe rule, therefore, tbat requires a first lienholder to foreclose bis lien within tbe statutory time as against a junior claimant works no greater .hardship upon tbe senior claimant where the mortgagor is absent from tbe state than it does when be is present. No -doubt tbe absence of tbe mortgagor tolls tbe statute as to him, but it does not do so as to tbe junior claimant’s interest, who has a right to interpose tbe statutory bar against any claim which is adverse to bis, when such a bar exists. This is but just to tbe junior claimant, and, for tbe reasons already stated; it in no way affects tbe rights of tbe senior claimant. Tbe only difficulty tbat can arise is to determine tbe point of time at which the statute begins to run in favor of the junior claim and tbe extent to which tbe junior claimant may invoke tbe aid of tbe statute in case tbe statute has been tolled in favor of tbe senior claimant by tbe original debtor’s absence from tbe state. With regard to the extent that a junior claimant may invoke tbe statute, it must depend upon the character of bis interest in the mortgaged premises. If be has acquired tbe mortgagor’s equity of redemption — • ' tbat is, if be is a subsequent grantee, or, if be has acquired tbe title by operation of law — no doubt, in view of tbe statute, be may do so to tbe full extent of bis interest; tbat is, be may prevent tbe senior claim from being made effective to any extent as against tbe mortgaged property. If, however, be has a lien merely, and tbe equity of redemption is in another, or is still outstanding in tbe mortgagor, and tbe right of action of tbe senior claimant is not barred as against tbe mortgagor, then tbe junior claimant may invoke the aid of the statute only to the extent of protecting bis own claim. In such event be may only postpone tbe senior claim, and thus malm tbe junior In effect tbe senior claim. If there be a surplus arising from a sale of tbe property after tbe junior claim is satisfied, tbe senior, which, by reason of tbe bar of tbe statute, has become the junior claim, is entitled to this surplus.
Tbe question as to when the statute begins to run in favor of the subsequent grantee or junior lien claimant, in view' of the conflicting authorities and the inherent equities, is one not so easy of solution. After a careful reading of the decisions upon the question, and upon a full consideration of the fundamental principles involved, we have arrived at the following conclusions: That the bar of the statute may be invoked by the subsequent grantee or junior lien claimant in all cases when the bar could be invoked by the debtor, unless the subsequent grantee has, by agreement or otherwise, estopped himself; that such grantee or claimant may also invoke the bar in case the senior claimant has had either actual or constructive notice of the subsequent grant or lien, although the right of action may still be alive as against the debtor, provided the full period of time required by the statute has elapsed since the interest of the subsequent grantee or lien-holder was acquired, and the senior claimant has had either actual or constructive notice of such interest for that period of time; that in case such interest be acquired before the original debt matured, the statute in favor of the junior claimant begins to run from the time the right of action against the original debtor accrued; that the first mortgagee may extend the time of payment by agreement with the debtor, or may receive any payment or new promise which will either extend the time of payment or revive the debt, and if any such agreement or new promise is made, extension given, or payment received, before the interest of the subsequent grantee or junior lien attaches, or before the senior claimant has either actual or constructive notice, the agreement, new promise, or extension will be binding upon the subsequent grantee or junior lien claimant, but if these things occur after the interest has been acquired and the senior claimant has had notice as aforesaid, such agreement, new promise, or extension will not toll the statute as against the subsequent grantee or lien claimant without his consent; that after the subsequent interest is acquired, the senior claimant may not without the consent of the subsequent claimant, in any way affect tbe subsequent claimant’s rights in tbe property, except in so far as' tbe law authorizes this to be done; that, upon tbe other band, no agreement of tbe original debtor and tbe first mortgagee which affects tbe property is of any concern to tbe subsequent claimant if entered into before bis interest attached; and that in all of tbe instances above it is immaterial whether tbe mortgagor is a nonresident of, and absent from, tbe state or not só far as tbe subsequent claimant is concerned. Neither tbe presence nor tbe absence of tbe mortgagor. affects tbe running of tbe statute as between tbe first mortgagor and a subsequent claimant, but has the effect only of tolling tbe statute as between tbe debtor and tbe first mortgagor.
Tbe foregoing conclusions, it seems to us, are fairly supported by tbe following cases: Filipini v. Trobock, 134 Cal. 441, 66 Pac. 587; Hibernia, S. & L. Society v. Farnham, 153 Cal. 578, 96 Pac. 11; Colonial & U. S. Mortg. Co. v. N. W. Thresher Co., 14 N. D. 147, 103 N. W. 915, 70 L. R. A. 814, 116 Am. St. Rep. 645; Paine v. Dodds, 14 N. D. 189, 103 N. W 931, 116 Am. St. Rep. 674; Wood v. Goodfellow, 43 Cal. 185; Cook v. Union Trust Co., 106 Ky. 803, 51 S. W. 600, 45 L. R. A. 212; Johnson v. Johnson, 81 Mo. 331; Brandenstein v. Johnson, 140 Cal. 29, 73 Pac. 744; Fraters v. Sears, 144 Cal. 246, 77 Pac. 905; De Voe v. Rundle, 33 Wash. 604, 74 Pac. 836. It is not claimed that all of tbe foregoing cases pass upon all tbe propositions advanced, nor that any one case does, but in all of them one or more of tbe propositions before stated are either enforced or recognized. Tbe fact of tbe absence of tbe debtor from tbe state is, however; discussed and passed upon in three of tbe foregoing cases, namely, Filipini v. Trobock, Paine v. Dodds, and Colonial & U. S. Mortg. Co. v. N. W. Thresher Co. And we feel constrained to follow tbe rule upon that point as it is applied in those cases. In tbe other cases this point is not discussed, and we have found no others which either directly disquss or pass upon it.
As we understand counsel for appellant, bis contention is that nonresidence of and absence from tbe state by tbe debtor should be given the same effect in tolling the statute as an agreement extending the time of payment, or a new promise to pay the debt, or a part payment thereof would have if these things occurred before the subsequent interest in property was acquired. A mere cursory analysis of the propositions above stated will disclose that the effect of absence is practically the same as part payment would be. As we have seen, an extension, new promise, or part payment will toll the statute only as to the subsequent claimant if made before he obtains his interest. If made thereafter, the statute runs as to him precisely as if no extension had been given or new promise or payment made. This is based upon the equitable principle that a subsequent claimant takes his interest subject to all the rights of the prior claimant as those rights existed when the subsequent interest was acquired. Under our statute the mortgaged property constitutes the primary fund or thing to which the mortgagor must first resort for a discharge of the debt. He can have personal recourse against his debtor only after this fund has been exhausted. Until this is done he has no personal right of action against the mortgagor unless the mortgagor consents thereto. If, therefore, another acquires some interest in this fund which is subsequent to his mortgage, such other is a necessary party to an action by which the fund is sought to be appropriated to the payment of the prior mortgage, and such a party may invoke any legal or equitable defense which will protect his interest precisely the same as a prior claimant may to protect his. With respect to each other they are interested in the same fund, and each may protect his interest to the full extent. The absence of the original debtor from the state can thus have no effect upon the respective rights of the parties to the fund which is within the state, and to which the first mortgagor must resort for the payment of his claim in so far as it affects a subsequent claimant. So far as it affects the absent debtor, and so long as no one else has, acquired an interest in the property, it may be reached, or the debtor’s interest therein may be resorted to at any time within which the personal right of action exists against the debtor. ' But the right to maintain an action against the debtor by reason of his absence from the state does not also continue the right as against the subsequent claimant. As to him and his interest, if the right of action has thus accrued against the debtor, the action must be commenced within the six years from the time such interest was acquired if the prior claimant had notice of it, or within six years after such notice was acquired; and, if not so commenced, the subsequent claimant may invoke the bar of the statute to the full extent of his interest. But it is contended, by counsel for appellants that in no event may the subsequent claimant invoke the bar of the statute as against a prior claim except to protect the junior claimant’s interest. This is true, but he may invoke it to the full extent of that interest; and, if he has acquired the equity of redemption from the original mortgagor, or in some other way has succeeded fi> the title, he may protect this title.
Applying the doctrine to this case, it appears from the answer and the court’s findings that the respondent claims a right to the morgaged property by virtue of a certificate of tax sale dated December 21, 1891,' and a tax deed issued thereon dated February 25, 1897, for unpaid taxes for the year 1894. The interest of respondent thus dates from the time the property was sold for taxes. The mortgage was executed September 5, 1894. Respondent's interest was acquired subsequent to the interest of .appellants’ assignors, whose interest is thus prior in time. Counsel does not contend that appellants did not have notice of the issuance of the tax deed, but he contends that the deed is void, and hence constitutes nothing more .than a lien against the property, which lien the respondent has a right to> protect, but can claim no more. If there were nothing but this tax deed in the way, counsel’s contention would be sound, and entirely in harmony with the doctrine heretofore stated. But before this action was commenced the title to the premises in question had beem quieted in respondent, in an action instituted for that purpose against the original mortgagor, the owner of the property. But counsel for appellants insists that, although the title and equity ,of redemption has passed from the original mortgagor, and is now vested in respondent, this in no way affects appellants’ rights, since they were not made parties to the action to quiet the title; that they still have the right to insist that the tax deed constitues a mere lien against the property. While it is axiomatic that a person’s rights in the subject of the action may not be affected by a judgment to which he was not made a party, yet the real question involved always is, how are such rights affected by the judgment? As we have seen, appellants’ interest in the property attached September 5, 1894. The right of action accrued one year thereafter, and not later than September 6, 1895. At that time respondent had already acquired its interest. The mortgagor left the state “shortly after” the right of action had accrued; but, as we have pointed out, this did not have the effect of tolling the statute as against respondent, who, at the time the right accrued, was a necessary party to any action to foreclose the mortgage. Appellants therefore had the full -statutory period, namely six years from the time the cause of action accrued, within which to commence an action to foreclose the mortgage, and if brought within that time the mortgage would have been the senior lien. They could also have brought the action at any time afterwards, by reason of the mortgagor’s absence from the state, so long as the right of action continued alive against him, but if commenced after the six years, respondent’s claim to the extent thereof would have been superior to appellants-’ claim. This, counsel contends, was the status of the matter when this action was commenced', for the reason that the tax deed constituted no more than a prior lien against the property. We think not. The respondent had the right to acquire the equity of redemption — that is, the title to the ■ mortgaged premises — at any time without appellants’ consent; and, if such title was acquired at any time after the statute had run in favor of
respondent’s interest, or if acquired before, but the statute had fully run since this interest had attached, and before the commencement of the action to foreclose the mortgage, respondent could offer the bar of the statute, not only to protect its former lien, but could do so to protect- the title itself. Its interest then covered the entire property, and it could interpose the bar as to its entire interest if it could interpose it to any extent, and counsel for appellants frankly concedes that it could interpose the bar for the protection of its tax lien. While counsel for respondent contends that appellants cannot in this action attack the validity of the tax deed, we, think they could do so provided this action had.been commenced before the title to the land was quieted in the respondent, or before the statute had fully run in favor of its interest in the mortgaged property. The action to quiet -the title in this case, in so far as appellants are concerned, had the same force and effect as if Esther Cohen Jacobsen, the original mortgagor, had conveyed the land by deed to the respondent after it had acquired the tax deed. Appellants in no way could either prevent or question respondent’s right to acquire the title at any time from the mortgagor. Nor could they refrain from bringing their action after respondent’s interest had been acquired upon the ground that the interest was only a lien,and as to appellants must always remain such. By neglecting to institute suit appellants took the chances that the' interest, although only a lien when acquired, may nevertheless ripen into a complete title, and thus constitute a bar against them, not only so as to postpone their claim, but to prevent its enforcement against the property at all. This is just what had happened before this action was commenced, and hence we are of the opinion that, in so far as the lower court refused to enter a judgment of foreclosure, the ruling' is clearly right.
But is the judgment in favor of Esther Cohen Jacobsen the original debtor also right?' We think not. As to her the right of action still subsisted.' The statute was tolled’as to her by reason of her absence from the state, and no other defense was interposed by ber. Tbe right to sue ber, therefore, was a subsisting right when the action was commenced, and as the plea of the statute of limitations constituted no defense in her favor, the judgment in her favor is erroneous. The result, therefore, is precisely the same as that arrived at in the former opinion, but based upon somewhat different grounds.
It follows that, in view of the record as it now stands, the court erred in not making findings and conclusions in favor of appellants and against the defendant Esther Cohen Jacobsen for the amount due upon the note, and in not entering a personal judgment against her for the amount that the court might find due, with accrued' interest and costs. The case is therefore remanded to theo trial court, with directions to make the necessary findings and conclusions of law in conformity with the views herein expressed, and to modify the judgment by entering a judgment against the defendant Esther Cohen Jacobsen for.the amount that the court may find due on said note, with accrued interest and costs. Neither party to this appeal to recover costs in this court.
STBAUP, C. J., and McCANTY, J., concur. | CASELAW |
Category:Terminal Island
* Terminal Island — an island in San Pedro Harbor the Pacific Ocean, located in the of. | WIKI |
California lawmaker Rachel Hundley fights back against slut-shaming
Rachel Hundley’s political career was a success story. The lawyer and former food truck owner was elected to the city council in Sonoma, California, at just 31 years old, and two years later was appointed mayor. But when Hundley ran for reelection this year, she became the victim of a sexualized smear campaign: Photos of her clad in underwear at Burning Man were posted on a website called “Rachel Hundley Exposed,” according to the Press Democrat, a local newspaper. On August 13, Hundley received an email with a link to the website and a threat that more revelations would follow unless she dropped out of the race. Hundley didn’t back down. Instead, she released a video last Monday calling out her harassers for slut-shaming her. “For too long, it has been seen as okay to control women by dictating what is acceptable for us to wear, say, and do,” she said. “I am here today to tell my faceless bullies that I cannot be shamed into quitting, because I am not ashamed.” Since then, she has gotten support from Sonoma and around the country, including a new wave of campaign volunteers, according to the Washington Post. Hundley is not the first female candidate to be harassed online. Her story is a reminder that in an age when trolls routinely scour social media looking for information they deem compromising, the wave of women running for office in 2018 face unique risks. Hundley, now 35, was elected to Sonoma’s City Council in 2014, beating a 16-year incumbent. In 2016, she was appointed mayor by the city council for a one-year term. A 2017 Washington Post profile identified her as one of a new generation of young leaders around the country. But after Hundley announced her campaign for reelection to the city council (she is no longer mayor), she received an anonymous email to her personal account. “We believe your behavior is immoral and unethical and has no place in our Town,” the message, signed by “Citizens for Peace and Cooperation,” read. “Sonoma needs moral and ethical leadership our children can look up to, and our community can trust. You do not measure up.” The website linked in the email included photos of Hundley at Burning Man that she had posted on social media, along with claims that she engaged in “lascivious, drunk and drug addled behavior.” Hundley must be removed “like cancer,” said the website, which is now offline. The creators of the website haven’t been identified, but they may have been motivated by local politics. As mayor, Hundley spearheaded changes to the city’s process for appointing planning commissioners, according to the Sonoma News. The website included a list of former planning commissioners, titled “Ex-Mayor Hundley’s Assassination List.” Hundley reported the site to state and local authorities. And she decided to respond to the website’s creators publicly. “Instead of challenging me on my votes, this website relies solely on unfounded accusations and slut-shaming,” she said. “Its purpose is to make me afraid, to silence another strong female voice by scaring me out of this election and denying you the right to make a choice.” Hundley is far from the only female candidate to receive sexist harassment. When she ran for Congress in 2016, Erin Schrode got rape threats and anti-Semitic attacks, including pictures of her face photoshopped into a Nazi lampshade, reports Maggie Astor at the New York Times. And even though Schrode lost her primary, the abuse continues to this day. When Kim Weaver, a Democrat, challenged Rep. Steve King (R-IA) last year, the neo-Nazi website Daily Stormer published an article about her, and a friend in the German government called to warn her about a threatening conversation on a message board, Astor reports. Ultimately, Weaver dropped out of the race, but King suggested she’d invented the threats. “Democrats drove her out of the race-not R’s,” he tweeted. “Death threats likely didn’t happen but a fabrication.” On the contrary, female leaders and candidates around the world say threats and abuse are all too real. In a small 2016 study of 55 female lawmakers outside of the United States, conducted by the Inter-Parliamentary Union, more than 20 said they had been threatened with death, rape, beating, or abduction. “Once, over a period of four days, I received 500 threats of rape on Twitter,” said one of the participants, according to the New York Times. Another said a threat to kidnap her son included the name of his school. While male candidates and lawmakers can also be victims of violence and threats, women are disproportionately targeted for specific types of harassment. “Threats of sexual violence are almost exclusively directed toward women in these trolling moments,” political scientist Richard Fox told Politico. “Describing body parts are mostly directed toward women.” The problem is serious and pervasive enough that programs that train female candidates are beginning to offer training in how to handle it. The group VoteRunLead recommends that candidates who experience harassment report it to police if they fear for their safety, but also use humor where appropriate to make fun of sexist attacks, and consider writing about the experience in an op-ed, Emma Margolin reports at Politico. There’s some evidence that the prospect of harassment may deter women from running for office. Fox and his co-author, political scientist Jennifer Lawless, have found that women are more likely than men to be dissuaded from running by the possibility of a negative campaign, and by the potential loss of privacy involved in becoming a candidate for public office, Margolin reports. But #MeToo might be changing things. The movement may have made women more comfortable speaking out about abuse on the campaign trail, Andrea Dew Steele, the president of Emerge America, a group that trains Democratic female candidates, told Margolin. “So often women have said, ‘Oh, that’s part of the deal,’ and as candidates they’ve said, ‘Oh, that’s part of the deal.’ That’s not the case anymore.” Hundley, for one, was not interested in accepting harassment and shaming as “part of the deal.” “Much to the disappointment of my anonymous bullies, I will not be giving in to threats,” she says in her video. “This year, I will be running not only for the future of our city but for every woman and man who has been shamed for being themselves.” | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Kratos Defense's Segment Strengthens Role in Critical Defense Domain
Kratos Defense & Security Solutions, Inc. (KTOS) is steadily growing its presence in the defense technologies space through its Kratos Government Solutions (KGS) segment. KGS provides a wide range of advanced systems like C5ISR solutions, satellite communications, microwave products, space and cyber systems, turbine technologies and defense rocket support services, which support U.S. and allied military missions.
KGS also delivers secure, reliable communication networks and advanced satellite ground systems. These are critical for ensuring uninterrupted intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance operations. The segment also develops hypersonic-related technologies and is a prime contractor for the MACH TB (Multi-Service Advanced Capability Hypersonic Test Bed) program.
As global security challenges rise and defense modernization speeds up, KGS’ products and services are expected to gain more traction. Moreover, the recent acquisition of certain assets from Norden Millimeter, Inc. has further improved KGS’s microwave and Radio Frequency Capabilities, allowing it to offer even stronger defense solutions.
In the second quarter of 2025, KGS revenues rose 29.9% from the previous year to $278.3 million, supported by growth across all business areas and benefits from the Norden acquisition. This result highlights KGS’ solid performance and should play a key role in Kratos Defense’s long-term growth story.
As defense priorities include secure communications, advanced missile and electronic support, other defense contractors like Lockheed Martin Corporation (LMT) and RTX Corporation (RTX) also warrant a look.
Lockheed Martin provides advanced systems for surveillance, reconnaissance and battle management. One of its key programs includes the Command Control Battle Management Communications, which is the first battle management system capable of integrating across domains.
RTX focuses on providing integrated defense systems, radar and missile warning systems that improve situational awareness and threat detection. Its Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance systems and multi-mission sensors are critical to both U.S. and international defense operations.
Shares of KTOS have gained 229.7% in the past year compared with the industry’s 45.8% growth.
Image Source: Zacks Investment Research
The company’s shares are trading at a discount on a relative basis, with its forward 12-month Price/Sales being 7.12X compared with its industry’s average of 10.13X.
Image Source: Zacks Investment Research
The Zacks Consensus Estimate for KTOS’ third-quarter 2025 earnings has moved south in the past 60 days, while the same for the fourth quarter has remained unchanged.
Image Source: Zacks Investment Research
KTOS stock currently carries a Zacks Rank #3 (Hold). You can see the complete list of today’s Zacks #1 Rank (Strong Buy) stocks here.
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Lockheed Martin Corporation (LMT) : Free Stock Analysis Report
Kratos Defense & Security Solutions, Inc. (KTOS) : Free Stock Analysis Report
RTX Corporation (RTX) : Free Stock Analysis Report
This article originally published on Zacks Investment Research (zacks.com).
Zacks Investment Research | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Django Context Processors Best Practice
In this post, i’ll show you a simple trick to ensure your Django context-processors don’t break when Django 1.2 (and possibly future releases as well) is released.
If you’re not familiar with the concept of context-processors, I’ll also explain what those are and how they work, so don’t panic. Finally, i’ll also spend a minute explaining why I consider this to be best-practice.
What are template context processors?
Django’s context processors are a facility that allows you to provide data and callbacks to your templates.
You can do so in one of two ways:
1. On an individual request basis: by passing a custom Context value to your render_to_response() call
2. Globally: by creating a context processor method that accepts a HttpRequest object as input, and returns a payload or callback, then registering the context processor in your settings.py, then providing your render_to_response() call with the built-in RequestContext attribute instead of your own (you can always extend RequestContext to add more data on an individual request basis of course).
If that approach for passing data to templates sounded absurd and obfuscated to you, you’re not alone. The complexity involved in such a simple operation is unwarranted and counter-productive, but every system has its shortcomings.
The Issue
If you follow the Django documentation or The Django Book‘s approach to configuring your own custom context-processors, you’ll notice that you are encouraged to add to your settings.py a hardcoded list of built-in context processors. If you follow that approach, your context-processors declaration will look like this:
TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = ("django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
"django.core.context_processors.debug",
"django.core.context_processors.i18n",
"django.core.context_processors.media",
"django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages")
But if you pay close attention to the development version’s documentation, you’ll notice a couple of interesting notes:
Changed in Django Development version: “django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages” was added to the default. For more information, see the messages documentation.
Changed in Django Development version: The auth context processor was moved in this release from its old location django.core.context_processors.auth to django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth.
This is a red flag! The Django dev team would like you to use hardcoded values that reference to classes that will no longer exist once the next version is released, and that omit new processors that you are likely to require.
The Solution
Obviously Django has access to its own default settings, so there must be a way to simply extend the defaults instead of overriding them with hardcoded values. You just need to dig around a bit in the Django source code to find exactly how. I’ll save you some digging:
Add this at the top of your settings.py file:
import django.conf.global_settings as DEFAULT_SETTINGS
Then extend the default context processors:
TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = DEFAULT_SETTINGS.TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS + (
"myapp.context_processors.example",
"myapp.context_processors.other_example",
# etc...
)
Why is this a best-practice approach?
In software-engineering, you want to ensure maximum (reasonable) future interoperability of all your components, and there is really no component as important as your actual development framework, Django or otherwise.
Using hardcoded values that are already defined somewhere not only breaks DRY, but it also introduces possible breakage on framework upgrades. I know you are diligent and always read the release notes before upgrading critical components, and I know you use a staging environment to test those changes, but by actively looking out for this kind of traps, you have just saved yourself some debugging time and some head-scratching.
Happy coding! | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:Works of Thomas Carlyle - Volume 04.djvu/118
sick Duchâtel, more spectral than another, comes borne on a chair, wrapped in blankets, in 'nightgown and nightcap,' to vote for Mercy: one vote it is thought may turn the scale.
Ah no! In profoundest silence, President Vergniaud, with a voice full of sorrow, has to say: 'I declare, in the name of the Convention, that the punishment it pronounces on Louis Capet is that of Death.' Death by a small majority of Fifty-three. Nay, if we deduct from the one side, and add to the other, a certain Twenty-six, who said Death but coupled some faintest ineffectual surmise of mercy with it, the majority will be but One.
Death is the sentence: but its execution? It is not executed yet! Scarcely is the vote declared when Louis's Three Advocates enter; with Protest in his name, with demand for Delay, for Appeal to the People. For this do Desèze and Tronchet plead, with brief eloquence: brave old Malesherbes pleads for it with eloquent want of eloquence, in broken sentences, in embarrassment and sobs; that brave time-honoured face, with its grey strength, its broad sagacity and honesty, is mastered with emotion, melts into dumb tears. —They reject the Appeal to the People; that having been already settled. But as to the Delay, what they call Sursis, it shall be considered; shall be voted for tomorrow: at present we adjourn. Whereupon Patriotism 'hisses' from the Mountain: but a 'tyrannical majority' has so decided, and adjourns.
There is still this fourth Vote, then, growls indignant Patriotism:—this vote, and who knows what other votes, and adjournments of voting; and the whole matter still hovering hypothetical! And at every new vote those Jesuit Girondins, even they who voted for Death, would so fain find a loophole! Patriotism must watch and rage. Tyrannical adjournments there have been; one, and now another at midnight on plea | WIKI |
Champagne With a View
Front Burner Champagne on the New Year’s Eve shopping list? Certainly. And for gift-giving, Nicolas Feuillatte — whose brut reserve is reliable and reasonably priced — is introducing a gift package decorated with the golden skylines of a number of American cities: New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami and Seattle. The “Cityscape” boxes hold well-rounded yet delicate Champagne, made mostly with red grapes (40 percent each pinot noir and pinot meunier, and 20 percent chardonnay). Wine shops in each of the cities carry the appropriate box: In New York at Sherry-Lehmann, $29.99, 212-838-7500; Chicago at SavWay Fine Wines and Spirits, $24.98, 630-325-6550; Los Angeles at Alan’s Market, $28.99, 310-822-2233; Miami at Crown Wine and Spirits, $31.97, 305-264-4210; and Seattle at Fred Meyers, $32.99, 206-297-4300. Follow NYT Food on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and Pinterest. Get regular updates from NYT Cooking, with recipe suggestions, cooking tips and shopping advice. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
What Is Immunotherapy?
What Is Immunotherapy?
Immunotherapy (also called allergy shots) is treatment to reduce a person’s allergic reaction to allergens, such as pet dander, dust mites, molds, bee stings, or pollen. A health care provider gives the patient a series of shots that contain the allergens that the patient is sensitive to. Shots are given once or twice a week over a period of several months, starting with a small dose and increasing the dose over time. Gradually, the person’s body grows less sensitive to the allergens. The goal is to get to a point where the body no longer has an allergic reaction. Then treatment is continued with a monthly shot for three to five years.
Your doctor might recommend immunotherapy if you have allergic asthma that is hard to control or if you can’t take controller medicines.
Immunotherapy isn’t for everyone. For example, people with certain heart problems, uncontrolled asthma, or those on beta-blockers may not be appropriate candidates for immunotherapy, and may not respond well to the emergency treatment needed in case of a serious reaction.
Related Items
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| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Injury prevalence and associated costs among participants of an employee fitness program
Shan P. Tsai, Edward J. Bernacki, William B. Baun
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
Abstract
The prevalence, cost, and type of injury among participants of an employee fitness program and nonexercising co-workers were studied over a 2-year period from 1984 to 1985. The purpose of the study was to determine whether participants of an employee fitness program (n = 2,871) experienced a greater risk of injury and resultant higher costs than nonparticipants (n = 3,233). Overall, there were no significant differences in the rate or cost of injuries among the various participation levels (from 0 to 3 or more times per week). However, the data indicated that individuals who occasionally participated in the fitness program experienced a greater, but nonsignificant, risk of injury (6.3 per 100 persons who exercised <1 session per week, and 7.7 per 100 persons who exercised 1-2 sessions per week) than nonparticipants (5.7 per 100 persons). Injury prevalence was lower among individuals who exercised 3 or more sessions per week (5.4 per 100 persons) as was the resultant per capita cost of injuries ($32 vs $42 for nonparticipants). We conclude the impact of exercise at an onsite health and fitness facility on overall injury rates and costs among employees is negligible.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)475-482
Number of pages8
JournalPreventive Medicine
Volume17
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 1988
ASJC Scopus subject areas
• Epidemiology
• Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Injury prevalence and associated costs among participants of an employee fitness program'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Cite this | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Wikipedia talk:WikiProject New York City/Theatre
Older NY theater
I've added myself to the participant list. I don't really expect to be too active in it, but I've written probably the majority of what is in Wikipedia on Yiddish theater, about half of it about theater in NYC. Also, someone might want to ping BrianSmithson, who has done a lot of work on blackface minstrelsy (on which I've also done a little). -- Jmabel | Talk 07:48, 11 January 2006 (UTC)
"Theatre"?
Since this is about New York, shouldn't the title be Theater? User:Zoe|(talk) 16:35, 25 January 2006 (UTC)
Project Directory
Hello. The WikiProject Council is currently in the process of developing a master directory of the existing WikiProjects to replace and update the existing WikiProject Council/Directory. These WikiProjects are of vital importance in helping wikipedia achieve its goal of becoming truly encyclopedic. Please review the following pages:
* User:Badbilltucker/Culture Directory,
* User:Badbilltucker/Culture Directory 2,
* User:Badbilltucker/Philosophy and religion Directory,
* User:Badbilltucker/Sports Directory,
* User:Badbilltucker/Geographical Directory,
* User:Badbilltucker/Geographical Directory/United States, (note: This page will be retitled to more accurately reflect its contents)
* User:Badbilltucker/History and society directory, and
* User:Badbilltucker/Science directory
and make any changes to the entries for your project that you see fit. There is also a directory of portals, at User:B2T2/Portal, listing all the existing portals. Feel free to add any of them to the portals or comments section of your entries in the directory. The three columns regarding assessment, peer review, and collaboration are included in the directory for both the use of the projects themselves and for that of others. Having such departments will allow a project to more quickly and easily identify its most important articles and its articles in greatest need of improvement. If you have not already done so, please consider whether your project would benefit from having departments which deal in these matters. It is my hope to have the existing directory replaced by the updated and corrected version of the directory above by November 1. Please feel free to make any changes you see fit to the entries for your project before then. If you should have any questions regarding this matter, please do not hesitate to contact me. Thank you. B2T2 21:48, 23 October 2006 (UTC)
* Sorry if you tried to update it before, and the corrections were gone. I have now put the new draft in the old directory pages, so the links should work better. My apologies for any confusion this may have caused you. B2T2 00:34, 24 October 2006 (UTC)
Stablepedia
Beginning cross-post.
* See Wikipedia talk:Version 1.0 Editorial Team. If you wish to comment, please comment there. ★ MESSED ROCKER ★ 23:53, 25 November 2006 (UTC)
''End cross-post. Please do not comment more in this section.''
Links to Official Theatre Sites
Hi, I'm new here (from an editing perspective), stumbled on this project because I was reading some of the articles on the various Broadway theatres, and noticed some of them didn't have links to the official websites for the theatres. Some did. So I started adding the links to make it consistent. Whoops! I was swiftly told to discuss it here before doing so. Does anyone have any objections to the various New York Theatres having links to the official sites/pages for those theatres? It primarily applies to Broadway, although some of the Off Broadway theatres also seem to have official sites. The sites generally include historical information as well as current information about what is going on at that theatre. Jtattenbaum 22:54, 6 December 2006 (UTC)
* If there is an article on an individual theatre, it definitely should link that theatre's official site. - Jmabel | Talk 20:23, 10 December 2006 (UTC)
* Thanks for the response. Sorry for the delay in my reply--I've been away for the holidays.Jtattenbaum 15:57, 5 January 2007 (UTC)
Wikipedia Day Awards
Hello, all. It was initially my hope to try to have this done as part of Esperanza's proposal for an appreciation week to end on Wikipedia Day, January 15. However, several people have once again proposed the entirety of Esperanza for deletion, so that might not work. It was the intention of the Appreciation Week proposal to set aside a given time when the various individuals who have made significant, valuable contributions to the encyclopedia would be recognized and honored. I believe that, with some effort, this could still be done. My proposal is to, with luck, try to organize the various WikiProjects and other entities of wikipedia to take part in a larger celebrartion of its contributors to take place in January, probably beginning January 15, 2007. I have created yet another new subpage for myself (a weakness of mine, I'm afraid) at User talk:Badbilltucker/Appreciation Week where I would greatly appreciate any indications from the members of this project as to whether and how they might be willing and/or able to assist in recognizing the contributions of our editors. Thank you for your attention. Badbilltucker 16:09, 29 December 2006 (UTC)
Photos
I notice that the WikiProject page doesn't even mention that (free) images should be added to all articles. From the four days of my life that I spent in NYC, I found quite a lot of theatre pictures on my hard drive ;-) and uploaded lots of them today, described them (hopefully correctly) and added them (again hopefully correctly) to theatre, and sometimes musical, articles. Maybe you find some errors, or even some more use for the pictures. I appreciate every comment and correction. Some of the photos are not very good, but I think they are at least better than none. I created a category at commons:Category:Theaters in New York City. If you upload your own photos to the Commons, please use this category that is also linked to worldwide theatre building categories and the relevant NY categories. --AndreasPraefcke 20:08, 14 June 2007 (UTC)
While I could add images of most Broadway theatre building exteriors to the articles, the following are still in want of recent exterior photographs: Of the off-Broadway houses, I think the following are in an especially urgent want of an image: As there are barely any theatre interior photographs at all, do take your cameras with you and upload! --AndreasPraefcke 07:56, 22 June 2007 (UTC)
* American Airlines Theatre
* Longacre Theatre
* Manhattan Center
* Palace Theatre, New York
* Studio 54
* Delacorte Theater
* Elgin Theater (Joyce Theatre)
* Little Shubert Theatre
* Lucille Lortel Theatre
* New York Theatre Workshop
* Theater for the New City
* Victoria Theater (New York City)
New theatre template
I'm not sure if there's much going on over here, but I've been working on a new template for articles on theatre structures. It can be seen in the WikiProject Musical Theatre template sandbox. Please let me know if there are any objections, omissions, or problems. — Music Maker 5376 04:21, 22 July 2007 (UTC)
Wikipedia:Miscellany_for_deletion/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Off/Off-Off_Broadway
The above MfD relates to a child of this Project, WikiProject_Off/Off-Off_Broadway, comments are needed. Among other options, is there any value in preserving this as a sub page or otherwise merging it into this Project? Please comment at the MfD (and it might be helpful if you mentioned that you were part of this Project, even though the outcome is a community-wide decision).--Doug.(talk • contribs) 20:52, 14 November 2007 (UTC)
US Collaboration reactivated & Portal:United States starting next
Casliber recently posted a suggestion on the talk page for WikiProject United States about getting the US Wikipedians Collaboration page going again in an effort to build up articles for GA through FA class. See U.S. Wikipedians' notice board/USCOTM. After several days of work from him the page is up and ready for action. A few candidates have already been added for you to vote on or you can submit one using the directions provided. If you are looking for inspiration here is a link to the most commonly viewed articles currently under the scope of Wikiproject United States. There are tons of good articles in the various US related projects as well so feel free to submit any article relating to US topics (not just those under the scope of WPUS). This noticeboard is intended for ‘’’All’’’ editors working on US subjects, not just those under WPUS.
The next item I intend to start updating is Portal:United States if anyone is interested in helping. Again this is not specific to WPUS and any help would be greatly appreciated to maximize visibility of US topics. The foundation has already been established its just a matter of updating the content with some new images, biographies and articles. Please let leave a comment on the Portals talk page or let me know if you have any questions or ideas. --Kumioko (talk) 19:20, 15 January 2011 (UTC)
Request an Assessment
Mike Nichols- partially expanded and rewritten.--<IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 21:38, 19 October 2011 (UTC)
Spelling: Theatre District, New York
The move discussion at Talk:Theater District, New York was closed without alerting editors at the relevant Wikiprojects to join in. It has long been the consensus at WP:THEATRE and WP:MUSICALS to spell the word "theatre", in part because theatre professionals prefer this spelling throughout the English-speaking world, and because this spelling is not wrong anywhere, while "theater" is wrong in many places,such as the UK. BTW, I am an American from New York City. Note that nearly all of the Broadway theatres are called "X Theatre". I have re-opened the discussion on the talk page to see if we can get a wider consensus on this issue. Please join in, either way. Thanks! -- Ssilvers (talk) 04:15, 5 March 2013 (UTC)
Leaflet for Wikiproject New York Theatre at Wikimania 2014
Hi all,
My name is Adi Khajuria and I am helping out with Wikimania 2014 in London.
One of our initiatives is to create leaflets to increase the discoverability of various wikimedia projects, and showcase the breadth of activity within wikimedia. Any kind of project can have a physical paper leaflet designed - for free - as a tool to help recruit new contributors. These leaflets will be printed at Wikimania 2014, and the designs can be re-used in the future at other events and locations.
This is particularly aimed at highlighting less discoverable but successful projects, e.g:
• Active Wikiprojects: Wikiproject Medicine, WikiProject Video Games, Wikiproject Film
• Tech projects/Tools, which may be looking for either users or developers.
• Less known major projects: Wikinews, Wikidata, Wikivoyage, etc.
• Wiki Loves Parliaments, Wiki Loves Monuments, Wiki Loves ____
• Wikimedia thematic organisations, Wikiwomen’s Collaborative, The Signpost The deadline for submissions is 1st July 2014 For more information or to sign up for one for your project, go to: Project leaflets Adikhajuria (talk) 12:19, 26 June 2014 (UTC)
Comment on the WikiProject X proposal
Hello there! As you may already know, most WikiProjects here on Wikipedia struggle to stay active after they've been founded. I believe there is a lot of potential for WikiProjects to facilitate collaboration across subject areas, so I have submitted a grant proposal with the Wikimedia Foundation for the "WikiProject X" project. WikiProject X will study what makes WikiProjects succeed in retaining editors and then design a prototype WikiProject system that will recruit contributors to WikiProjects and help them run effectively. Please review the proposal here and leave feedback. If you have any questions, you can ask on the proposal page or leave a message on my talk page. Thank you for your time! (Also, sorry about the posting mistake earlier. If someone already moved my message to the talk page, feel free to remove this posting.) Harej (talk) 22:47, 1 October 2014 (UTC)
WikiProject X is live!
Hello everyone!
You may have received a message from me earlier asking you to comment on my WikiProject X proposal. The good news is that WikiProject X is now live! In our first phase, we are focusing on research. At this time, we are looking for people to share their experiences with WikiProjects: good, bad, or neutral. We are also looking for WikiProjects that may be interested in trying out new tools and layouts that will make participating easier and projects easier to maintain. If you or your WikiProject are interested, check us out! Note that this is an opt-in program; no WikiProject will be required to change anything against its wishes. Please let me know if you have any questions. Thank you!
Note: To receive additional notifications about WikiProject X on this talk page, please add this page to WikiProject X/Newsletter. Otherwise, this will be the last notification sent about WikiProject X.
Harej (talk) 16:57, 14 January 2015 (UTC)
Requested move 4 May 2015
The result of the move request was: project moved Kharkiv07 ( T ) 02:31, 30 May 2015 (UTC)
Wikipedia:WikiProject New York Theatre → WP:WikiProject New York City/Theatre – This project is about theatre in New York City, per the description of the project linking to NYC and not NYS. As it is an inactive project concerning NYC, and WP:NYC is an active project concerning NYC, this project should be subsumed as a task force of the active project. This would do the same thing as how many other inactive projects have been converted to taskforces of active projects of the same geographic scope or greater topical scope --Relisted. George Ho (talk) 04:17, 11 May 2015 (UTC) <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 05:38, 4 May 2015 (UTC)
Survey
* Feel free to state your position on the renaming proposal by beginning a new line in this section with or , then sign your comment with . Since polling is not a substitute for discussion, please explain your reasons, taking into account Wikipedia's policy on article titles.
* Support moving the entire existing wikiproject into a task force of WPNYC. This project is mostly inactive, so it can be downgraded to a task force. Epic Genius (talk) 13:00, 6 May 2015 (UTC)
* Conditional support - if the project is truly inactive, then, yes. move it; if there's still life in the body, let the participants of the project decide. BMK (talk) 23:27, 28 May 2015 (UTC)
* No one has edited this page in 6 years except for this RM, automated "stock" messages, formatting, and requests for help (which, apparently, are also stock messages). Epic Genius (talk) ± 22:20, 29 May 2015 (UTC)
Discussion
* Any additional comments:
Victor Herbert
Both i.e. Broadway theatre and i.e. Tin Pan Alley are clearly justified by the Victor Herbert article.
I added these two WikiProjects to the Victor Herbert article, and they were immediately removed. I asked the editor about it, and was told Herbert was not important to NYC, nor to pop music. I never engage in edit wars, but I think both are relevant to him. Perhaps someone more familiar with Broadway and musical theatre would care to follow up on this situation. Herbert had much of his career in Manhattan, classical, opera, operetta, and pop music songs. I will continue working on Guernsey and Jersey people, places, and more.--Dthomsen8 (talk) 02:40, 21 February 2019 (UTC)
* Whoa! That is totally wrong. I removed the "WikiProject New York City" banner, not this one! I think it is over-bannering to put location banners on the bios of people simply because they lived and worked in NYC or on musicals that happened to premiere in NYC, especially when there are more relevant banners (like the musical theatre and opera projects') already on the article. -- Ssilvers (talk) 13:30, 22 February 2019 (UTC)
New Article
Hi there. You guys are quite a small WikiProject, so I just thought I'd let you know of Nitehawk Cinema which was recently creaated and is really good quality. Thanks, Willbb234Talk (please {{ping}} me in replies) 16:13, 3 October 2019 (UTC)
Draft:List of Broadway productions by year
I am currently working on a three year project that could use attention/help. It is a list of Broadway productions by year, and a very helpful resource can be found in the talk page. Regards, Heart (talk) 06:05, 18 October 2021 (UTC)
Category Theatre companies in New York City
This list has both companies in it that our currently active and also ones that have long stopped existing. I think it would be useful to remove the ones that don't exist so that people looking at it can see the theater companies currently in New York City but I wanted to seek consensus before making this change. KNY22 (talk) 00:30, 23 March 2022 (UTC) The list I mean is (Category:Theatre_companies_in_New_York_City for some reason I can't get it to display properly above) link. --KNY22 (talk) 00:39, 23 March 2022 (UTC)
* You could create a w:category:Defunct Theatre companies in New York City and put all the defunct companies there. See: w:Category:Defunct companies based in New York City and w:Category:Defunct restaurants in New York City for examples. --Wil540 art (talk) 01:48, 23 March 2022 (UTC)
* You could follow Wil540 art's suggestion, but if you don't, removing defunct companies from that category is not on. -- Michael Bednarek (talk) 02:34, 23 March 2022 (UTC)
* Great this sounds like a good solution thank you @Wil540 art I will work on creating that category -- KNY22 (talk) 01:53, 24 March 2022 (UTC) | WIKI |
Spanish opposition blocks dockers reform in blow to government
MADRID, March 16 (Reuters) - Spanish opposition parties voted down a government decree aimed at reforming restrictive labour practices at the country’s ports, marking a setback for Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy as he tries to find allies in a fractured parliament. Rajoy was re-instated for a second term last October but with the smallest parliamentary minority in Spain’s modern history, forcing him to seek support from rivals every time he wants to pass legislation. His cabinet passed the draft ports law in February, after Spain raked up some 21 million euros ($22.5 million) in European Union fines since 2014 for failing to crack down on closed-shop hiring among dockers. ($1 = 0.9328 euros) ($1 = 0.9323 euros) (Reporting by Inmaculada Sanz; Writing by Sarah White; Editing by Paul Day) | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
The Last Few Bricks
"The Last Few Bricks" is an instrumental bridge/medley used by Pink Floyd and Roger Waters at The Wall live shows, between "Another Brick in the Wall (Part III)" and "Goodbye Cruel World".
Composition
It was composed specifically for the purpose of allowing the bricklayer roadies more time to finish constructing the wall, to seal off the stage almost completely, before Waters appeared in the last one-brick-wide space in the wall to sing "Goodbye Cruel World", and end the first part of the show.
The piece doesn't have a strict composition, varying from venue to venue, but it usually contained themes from "The Happiest Days of Our Lives", "Don't Leave Me Now", "Young Lust", "Empty Spaces", and occasionally, when the bricklayers were running especially late, a jam (in the jazzier style of the earlier, improv-oriented Floyd) similar to "Any Colour You Like" (D minor to G major), was played. The themes from "Don't Leave Me Now" and "Young Lust" were transposed down a whole step, so, like much of the album, "The Last Few Bricks" is in D minor—which leads to a "brightening" effect, when "Goodbye Cruel World" begins in the parallel key of D major.
Title
The instrumental bridge debuted with The Wall Tour (1980–81), but was given no official name at the time. Fans called the track Almost Gone on some bootleg albums of the shows.
The album of the 1990 Berlin performance was the first official release of the bridge. However, it was not marked as a separate track, and instead was simply included as an extended part of the Another Brick in the Wall (Part III) track.
Roger Waters had long resisted requests to release the recordings of the 1980-81 Wall performances, but changed his mind to allow a twentieth-anniversary live album release in 2000. During the mixing and editing of this album, producer James Guthrie suggested the title "The Last Few Bricks" for the bridge. Waters liked the title, and it was used for the Is There Anybody Out There? live album and all subsequent releases (e.g. the album of Waters' own live performances, Roger Waters: The Wall).
Performance
The longest performance of this medley was on 7 February 1980 at Los Angeles Sports Arena when "Another Brick in the Wall (Part III)" was stretched to over 13 minutes. | WIKI |
1965 Qui Nhơn hotel bombing
The Viet Cuong Hotel in Qui Nhơn was bombed by the Viet Cong on the evening of 10 February 1965, during the Vietnam War. Viet Cong (VC) operatives detonated explosive charges causing the entire building to collapse. The operation killed 23 U.S. servicemen, seven Vietnamese civilians, and two of the Viet Cong attackers.
Background
The four-storey Khách Sạn Viet Cuong or Viet Cuong Hotel ("Strength of Vietnam") was used as a U.S. Army enlisted men's billet in the city of Qui Nhơn. Many of the 60 men billeted there came from the 140th Transportation Detachment (Cargo Helicopter Field Maintenance) who provided maintenance support for the 117th Assault Helicopter Company based at Qui Nhơn Airfield.
Following the VC Attack on Camp Holloway on 6–7 February 1965, the U.S. and South Vietnamese launched Operation Flaming Dart, a series of retaliatory airstrikes against North Vietnam. In retaliation for the Flaming Dart attacks the VC immediately planned to hit another U.S. target.
Explosion
At 20:05 the VC began their assault on the hotel, while two VC were killed by machine-gun fire by a U.S. sentry on the hotel roof; VC killed the South Vietnamese guards posted outside the building and placed satchel charges at the main door. A 100-pound plastic charge was detonated next to the staircase which provided the main structural support for the building. The explosion caused the entire hotel to pancake to the ground. 21 members of the 140th Transportation Detachment were killed as were two other soldiers and seven Vietnamese civilians.
Aftermath
Following this attack President Johnson ordered Operation Flaming Dart II. All U.S. dependents in South Vietnam were returned to the U.S. | WIKI |
Samsung updates software to fix fingerprint recognition problem
SEOUL (Reuters) - Samsung Electronics Co Ltd (005930.KS) has updated software to fix problems with fingerprint recognition features on its flagship Galaxy S10 and Note 10 smartphones, it said on Wednesday. Samsung issued an apology via its customer support app Samsung Members and told its Galaxy phone users to update their biometric authentication to the latest software version. A British user told The Sun newspaper that a bug on her Galaxy S10 allowed it to be unlocked regardless of the biometric data registered in the device. Samsung has said the issue can happen when patterns appearing on certain protectors that come with silicon cases are recognized along with fingerprints. “Samsung Electronics takes the security of products very seriously and will make sure to strengthen security through continuing improvement and updates to enhance biometric authentication functions,” the company said on its Korean app. Once touted as a revolutionary feature by Samsung, its ultrasonic fingerprint sensors were fooled by tech reviewers. Videos on tech community websites show Galaxy devices can be unlocked through silicon protectors using a persimmon or a small doll. Samsung said it would send notifications for software updates to Galaxy S10 and Note 10 users who have registered their biometric data. The Bank of China has pulled fingerprint payments from certain Samsung devices and Alipay’s fingerprint payment verification function app has been temporarily suspended for some Galaxy devices. Reporting by Ju-min Park and Sangmi Cha; additional reporting by Josh Horwitz in Shanghai; editing by Jason Neely | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Theatre Passe Muraille
Theatre Passe Muraille is a theatre company in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Brief history
One of Canada's most influential alternative theatres, Theatre Passe Muraille ("theatre beyond walls") was founded in 1968 by director and playwright Jim Garrard, who started the company out of Rochdale College.
Its intention was to create a distinctly Canadian voice in theatre. It was conceived with the notion that theatre should transcend real estate and that plays can be made and staged anywhere—in barns, in auction rings, in churches, bars, basements, lofts, even in streetcars. The company was interested in the idea that theatre should endeavour to be a mirror, not a vehicle of social change.
The company gained local notoriety when it was charged with obscenity for the play Futz by American playwright Rochelle Owens, about a farmer who falls in love with his pig.
Jim Garrard was succeeded by Martin Kinch, who held the job of artistic director for a year (with Paul Thompson as technical director) before he went on to found Toronto Free Theatre with John Palmer and Tom Hendry.
It was under Thompson's directorship in the 1970s that the theatre gained its national reputation. Thompson guided the company towards a distinctive style of collective creation with plays such as The Farm Show, 1837: The Farmer's Revolt and I Love You, Baby Blue.
Other notable productions produced at Passe Muraille include O.D. on Paradise and Maggie and Pierre by Linda Griffiths; Fire by David Young and Paul Ledoux; The Stone Angel, James Nichol's adaptation of the novel by Margaret Laurence; Judith Thompson's The Crackwalker; and Lilies by Quebec playwright Michel Marc Bouchard. The company also had a major hit in 2001 with Michael Healey's play The Drawer Boy, which was based on actor Miles Potter's experiences researching and developing The Farm Show.
Collective creation
Paul Thompson brought to the company the art of “collective creation,” a technique in which plays are made collectively by the actors themselves. The use of collective creation at Passe Muraille began when Paul Thompson, John Palmer and Martin Kinch found themselves with many ideas for shows but no scripts.
Thompson stated that “the collective-creation idea was inspired obviously by the Living Theatre, but more closely by a company called Theatre d’Aujourd’hui … There were a group of actors who had come out of the French section of the National Theatre School and were doing some very good improvisationally written shows and that sort of got me excited.” He has stated that he was also inspired by Chinese theatre he had read about.
The Farm Show is arguably the most significant collective creation in TPM’s history. In 1972, Thompson and a group of actors went out into farming country around Clinton in southwestern Ontario. They lived with the farmers, worked with them, watched them and learned their stories. Then Thompson, who had been raised in farm country, required his actors to create a play, each being responsible for his or her own part. It was part of an idea that became a theme in later work: to help Canadians find new heroes and to move away from the Davy Crockett types. The impact of The Farm Show was guaranteed by the fact that the community the show was built around saw it first and received it positively. The show premiered in the same barn the actors used for rehearsals. It was a terrific success and went on to tour.
Developing Canadian Theatre
Since its inception, Passe Muraille has mentored and provided space and support to emerging theatre artists companies. In 1973, Thompson started a production-oriented "seed-show" programme. During his term, Clarke Rogers started a script-oriented New Works programme and most recently, current Artistic Director Andy McKim opened the theatre's doors to anyone with new ideas for Passe Muraille's new Five-minute Pitch programme.
Many successful alternative theatre companies developed within Passe Muraille's walls. Buddies in Bad Times, which is committed to supporting LBGT voices, the feminist Nightwood Theatre, Newfoundland's CODCO, Necessary Angel Company and the Blyth Summer Festival, among others, all had their beginnings with TPM.
Many well-known performers, writers and theatre artists, including Eric Peterson, David Fox, Mary Walsh, Rick Salutin and Linda Griffiths worked with Passe Muraille early in their careers. Writers Ann-Marie MacDonald, Michael Ondaatje, Maria Campbell and Timothy Findley have all staged plays at Passe Muraille.
Theatre Space
Theatre Passe Muraille's 1975 production of "I Love You, Baby Blue" was seen by over 26 000 people before it was closed by the police. Charges brought against the theatre for "immorality" were thrown out of court for lack of evidence. However, the success of the production was profitable enough for the company to put a down payment on a permanent theatre space. The company remains one of only a handful of non-for-profit theatres in Toronto that own the spaces in which they perform.
Theatre Passe Muraille is located on Ryerson Avenue in the Alexandra Park neighbourhood of Toronto.
The building was originally a bakery built in 1902 and has served several purposes over the decades. When TPM took the building over it had fallen under disrepair and large renovations were undertaken to bring the building up to the required standards.
A second round of renovations began in 1983, the most important additions of which were the building of a large cruciform opening in the floor of the second storey and the installation of a lighting grid. The theatre houses two stages: the "Mainspace" which seats 185 and the "Backspace" which seats 55.
The space was designated a historic building in 1977 by the Toronto Historical Board under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act, noting that, "the skillful use of brick and classical architectural design elements in the facade gives prominence in the neighbourhood"
Artistic directors
* Jim Garrard (1968–1969)
* Martin Kinch, John Palmer, Paul Thompson (1969–1972)
* Paul Thompson (1972–1981)
* Clarke Rogers (1982–1987)
* Brian Richmond (1988–1990)
* Layne Coleman (1991)
* Susan Serran (1992–1996)
* Layne Coleman (1997–2007)
* Andy McKim (2007–2019)
* Marjorie Chan (2019–present)
Chalmers Canadian Play Awards
2000 The Drawer Boy by Michael Healey and Alien Creature: A Visitation from Gwendolyn MacEwen by Linda Griffiths
1997 Stuck by David Rubinoff
1995 The Alistair Trilogy by Nadia Ross and Diane Cave
1993 A Play About the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo by Alisa Palmer and Hillar Liitoja and The Stillborn Lover by Timothy Findley
1990 Dry Lips Oughta Move to Kapuskasing by Tomson Highway
1989 Fire by Paul Ledoux, David Young and Otis Black Well
1986 Jessica by Linda Griffiths with Maria Campbell | WIKI |
Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of an AA6061/AZ31B alloy plate fabricated by explosive welding
Tingting Zhang, Wenxian Wang, Wei Zhang, Yi Wei, Xiaoqing Cao, Zhifeng Yan, Jun Zhou
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
89 Scopus citations
Abstract
In this paper, both experimental and theoretical studies were conducted to investigate the bonding interface formation, microstructure evolution, and the interface strength of an AA6061/AZ31B alloy cladding plate fabricated by explosive welding. The evolution of microstructures including adiabatic shear bands (ASBs) structure, recrystallized grains, and elongated grains were analyzed using optical microscope (OM), electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). A model was also proposed to study the ASBs formation and recrystallized grains in the ASBs. In the study, during explosive welding, a periodic wavy bonding interface was observed and the formation of such an interface was found due to the periodic jetting caused by the high impact stresses at the impact points during welding. The ASBs were found formed along the directions where the stress waves were concentrated due to high energy accumulation. Near the bonding interface, many crystallized grains were found in the AZ31B alloy plate, while elongated grains were dominant in the AA6061 alloy plate. Difference in the crystal structure of the Al and Mg alloy was believed to be the reason causing such microstructure evolution difference. Nanoindentation tests on the ASBs showed that, due to the existence of fine grains resulted from the recrystallization in the ASBs structure, the hardness of the ASBs structure (1.22 GPa) was higher than that of its surrounding structure. The shear strength of the bonding interface of the explosively-welded AA6061/AZ31B cladding plate can reach up to 201.2 MPa.
Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1759-1768
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of Alloys and Compounds
Volume735
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 25 2018
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
• Mechanics of Materials
• Mechanical Engineering
• Metals and Alloys
• Materials Chemistry
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Harry Partch News - The New York Times
Harry Partch, the eclectic, visionary and self-taught California-born composer who died at 73 in 1974, was primarily an inventor, in the most creative sense of the term. Harry Partch's unclassifiable 1960s music-theater work, in a production created by Heiner Goebbels, was presented as part of the Lincoln Center Festival. The German group Ensemble Musikfabrik is reviving Delusion of the Fury, a masterwork by the composer Harry Partch that requires an unusual set of instruments. A look at what's happening in the New York classical music world. Mr. Drummond, a member of the ensemble Newband and a protg of the iconoclastic composer Harry Partch, created outlandish instruments to create fresh sounds. For many composers, synthesizers are last decade. Innovations like the mutantrumpet and the flute with a glissando headjoint are expanding the range of concert sounds. Harry Partch, the eclectic, visionary and self-taught California-born composer who died at 73 in 1974, was primarily an inventor, in the most creative sense of the term. By offering a steady diet of offbeat works, the directors of the new Kasser Theater at Montclair State University hope to establish the space as an incubator for experimental productions. DEAN DRUMMOND turned to his assistant. ''I think what we'll do, Eric, is take the quadrangularis out first, shift the crychord over and then pull out the boo,'' he said. Shifting Scenes Andy Warhol's ''Portrait of Frederick the Great'' and other works by artists like Otto Dix, Kathe Kollwitz, Picasso, Chagall, Lovis Corinth and Emil Nolde will be in the limelight beginning on Friday in Berlin. In two days there,... THE late Harry Partch was an American composer known as much for his musical inventions as for his music. Working within a notational system of 43 tones to an octave, he built a variety of instruments, which are as spectacular to look at as they are... Subscribe to an RSS feed on this topic. What is RSS? Receive My Alerts e-mails on topics covered on this page. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Detrola (album)
Detrola is an album by His Name Is Alive, released in 2006. Four years after being dropped from the 4AD roster, HNIA released this album on their own Silver Mountain Media Group label (with major-label distribution from Sony-BMG). While many of the band's longtime fans (and 4AD devotees) had been disappointed with the group's final two albums for 4AD, fan reception to Detrola was quite positive, with many observing that it was finally a proper follow-up to 1998's 4AD release Ft. Lake.
Despite no longer being signed to 4AD, the record went a long way toward gaining back their fans from that era, while introducing the group to a new set of fans; the record was a considerable hit on modern rock radio and college rock charts. While long-time vocalist Karin Oliver does not appear on the album, having left the group in 1998, the majority of the vocals are handled by Oliver's cousin Andrea (stage name Andy FM), whose vocal style is quite similar to that of Oliver's, and Erika Hoffman, who had been contributing vocals since 1996's Stars on ESP. Lovetta Pippen, the sole vocalist for the final two 4AD albums, also appears as a background singer on "I Thought I Saw" and sings lead on "Seven Minutes." These factors gave the album a feel closer to their classic 4AD releases. In particular, many reviewers commented that "Your Bones" sounds like a track from the band's earliest albums on 4AD, and "You Need a Heart to Live" was a re-recorded version of a rare track from the band's 4AD era.
The album made many "best-of-lists" for 2006, including that of David Bowie, as noted on the band's website.
In 2007, an instrumental version of the album was released on the iTunes Store.
Track listing
It has long been a tradition for HNIA to list two different titles for songs on the album sleeve, although the secondary title was usually a shortened version of the song's full title. The alternate song titles on Detrola (listed below in parentheses) were somewhat different, sometimes differing completely from the proper title. Initial promo releases of the album listed the songs by their alternate titles, and the final release provided the alternate titles on the inside of the CD case.
* 1) "Introduction (The Darkess Night)" – 2:29
* 2) "After I Leave U (Maybe Again When I Leave U)" – 3:46
* 3) "I Thought I Saw (Mama Don't You Think I Know)" – 4:16
* 4) "In My Dreams (Sometimes Screw)" – 2:57
* 5) "*C*A*T*S* (Here Forever Always)" – 3:29
* 6) "Your Bones" – 4:16
* 7) "You Need a Heart (You Need A Heart To Live)" – 4:07
* 8) "You and Me" – 0:18
* 9) "Get Your Curse (Summer Left Your Heart Behind)" – 3:39
* 10) "Seven Minutes (Seven Minutes In Heaven)" – 3:56
* 11) "Send My Face (I'll Send My Face To Your Funeral)" – 4:58 | WIKI |
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 51.djvu/318
316 INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS OTHER THAN TREATIES of this Government or from field intensity measurements combined with mutually agreeable standards of allocation. I shall appreciate a statement of your Government's acquiescence in the proposed arrangement and an indication of the date upon which it is to be made effective. Accept, Sir, the renewed assurances of my highest consideration. For the Secretary of State: R. WALTON MOORE The Honorable SIR HERBERT MARIER, P. C., K. C. M. G., E. E. andM.P., Minister of Canada. The Charge d'Affaires ad interim of Canada (Wrong) to the Secre- tary of State (Hull) No. 185: CANADIAN LEGATION, Washington, September 8, 1937 SIR: I have the honour to refer to your note of August 17, 1937 in which you replied to the suggestion made in this Legation's note No. 46 of March 2,1937, with regard to informing the Government of Canada concerning the prospective issuance of new radio licenses or the pos- sible alteration of frequencies which might affect the use in Canada of the radio channels involved. I am now instructed to inform you that the Government of Canada agree in principle with the views expressed in your note of August 17 and are prepared to exchange information with the Government of the United States, commencing immediately, in the matter of any new or additional broadcast facilities which may involve interfer- ence with existing stations. With reference to the third paragraph of your note, it is assumed that it will be understood that, in the event of an agreement being signed as a result of the forthcoming Conference in Havana, the use of shared waves and the methods of determining interference shall be governed by such agreement. I have the honour to be, with the highest consideration, Sir, Your most obedient, humble servant, H H WRONG Charge d'Affaires The Hon. CoRDEu, HuLL, Secretary of State of the United States, Washington: D. C.
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The Error Report for an automated neural network data set with two classes in the Output Variable looks different than in other classification methods. On the XLMiner ribbon, from the Applying Your Model menu, select Help - Examples, and select Forecasting/Data Mining Examples to open the Boston_Housing.xlsx workbook. This data set includes 14 variables pertaining to housing prices from census tracts in the Boston area, collected by the U.S. Census Bureau. The categorical variable CAT.MEDV is derived from the MEDV variable (Median value of owner-occupied homes in $1,000s) by assigning a 1 for MEDV levels above 30 (>= 30), and a 0 for levels below 30 (<30). This example illustrates how to perform a partition on the fly.
On the XLMiner ribbon, from the Data Mining tab, select Classify - Neural Network - Automatic Network to open the Neural Network Classification (Automatic Arch.) - Step 1 of 2 dialog. Select the Data_Partition worksheet. At Output Variable, select CAT.MEDV, and from the Selected Variables list, select all remaining variables except MEDV.
Neural Network Classification - Step 1 of 3
Under Classes in the Output Variable, # Classes is automatically updated with a value of 2 when the Output Variable is selected, indicating that the Output Variable, CAT.MEDV, contains two classes, 0 and 1.
At Specify "Success" class (for List Chart), select a value from the drop-down arrow that will be the indicator of Success. In this example, use the default of 1.
At Specify initial cutoff probability for success, enter a value between 0 and 1. If the Probability of success (probability of the Output Variable = 1) is less than this value, a 0 is entered for the class value; otherwise, a 1 is entered. In this example, keep the default of 0.5.
Click Next to proceed to the Step 2 of 2 dialog containing options such as Error Tolerance and Weight Decay. For this example, use the default values for these options.
Neural Network Classification (Automatic Arch.) - Step 2 of 2 Dialog
XLMiner V2015 provides the ability to partition a data set on the fly, which means that if the data set is not partitioned at the start of the example, it can now be partitioned on the Step 2 of 2 dialog. Select Partition Data to enable the partition options. XLMiner performs the partitioning immediately before running the neural network automatic algorithm. For information on partitioning options, see the Standard Partition section.
Click Finish to produce the NNCAuto_Output worksheet, and scroll down to the Error Report.
Neural Network Classification Output: Error Report
The Error Report provides the total number of errors in the classification -- % Error, % Sensitivity or positive rate, and % Specificity or negative rate -- produced by each network ID for the Training and Validation Sets. This report may be sorted by column by clicking the arrow next to each column heading.
Sensitivity and Specificity measures are unique to the Error Report when the Output Variable contains only two categories. Typically, these two categories can be labled as success and failure, where one of them is more important than the other (i.e., the success of a tumor being cancerous or benign.) Sensitivity (true positive rate) measures the percentage of actual positives that are correctly identified as positive (i.e., the proportion of people with cancer who are correctly identified as having cancer). Specificity (true negative rate) measures the percentage of failures correctly identified as failures (i.e., the proportion of people with no cancer being categorized as not having cancer). The two are calculated as in the following (displayed in the Confusion Matrix).
Sensitivity or True Positive Rate (TPR) = TP/(TP + FN)
Specificity (SPC) or True Negative Rate =TN / (FP + TN)
If we consider1 as a success, the Confusion Matrix would appear as in the following.
Confusion Matrix
When viewing the Net ID 10, this network has one hidden layer containing 10 nodes. For this neural network, the percentage of errors in the Training Set is 3.95%, and the percentage of errors in the Validation Set is 5.45%.The percent sensitivity is 87.25 % and 89.19% for the training partition and validation partition, respectively. This means that in the Training Set, 87.25% of the records classified as positive were in fact positive, and 89.19% of the records in the Validation Set classified as positive were in fact positive.
Sensitivity and Specificity measures can vary in importance depending upon the application and goals of the application. The values for sensitivity and specificity are pretty low in this network, which could indicate that alternate parameters, a different architecture, or a different model might be in order. Declaring a tumor cancerous when it is benign could result in many unnecessary expensive and invasive tests and treatments. However, in a model where a success does not indicate a potentially fatal disease, this measure might not be viewed as important.
The percentage specificity is 87.23% for the Training Set, and 95.76% in the Validation Set. This means that 87.23% of the records in the training Set and 95.76% of the records in the Validation Set identified as negative, were in fact negative. In the case of a cancer diagnosis, we would prefer that this percentage be higher, or much closer to 100%, as it could potentially be fatal if a person with cancer was diagnosed as not having cancer.
| ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Here's why the WiFi on planes is slow and expensive
The in-flight WiFi industry is expected to grow significantly by 2035. The current WiFi on planes is slow, spotty, and usually expensive. But airlines are planning to invest in upgrading their equipment.A survey showed that 67% of customers are more likely to rebook with an airline that has good quality WiFi.The quality and price of your in-flight WiFi depend on your airline, aircraft, in-flight WiFi provider, and your travel region. Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories.Following is a transcript of the video.Narrator: Airplane WiFi is slow and usually expensive. And just because you're paying more doesn't necessarily mean you're getting more. You may not get WiFi until you're 10,000 feet in the air, and when you do get it, it may be slow and spotty. Even so, people are still willing to cough up their cash to post pictures of clouds mid-flight, or do some actual work.The industry is expected to be worth $130 billion by 2035. That's more than what Walmart is worth now. But if it's such a huge industry, why does in-flight WiFi still suck?First, we need to talk about how these planes, speeding around at hundreds of miles an hour, 36,000 feet in the air, can even get WiFi. There are two ways: towers on the ground or satellites in space.Let's look at the towers. This method is called air-to-ground, or ATG for short. Antennas on the belly of the craft pick up signals from cell towers on the ground. The benefit? You'll get less delay because the towers are closer to your plane than a satellite. The downside? No towers, no signals. That means when you're flying over large bodies of water, above mountains, or passing over countries with cell towers that restrict WiFi access, you probably won't get any WiFi.So, what about satellites? The big dome-shaped antenna on top of the plane will pick up signals from the satellites. These satellite-based systems will either use Ku-band or Ka-band connections, which is similar to 3G versus 4G. There's a whole debate on whether Ku or Ka band is better, but they're both way faster than ATG systems. But when you're sharing internet with a couple hundred other people, traveling 500 miles per hour, 36,000 feet in the air, there's bound to be a hiccup or two. But towers versus satellite isn't the only thing that affects whether you'll be able to stream this week's episode of "The Bachelor" or not.The quality and price of your in-flight WiFi actually depend on four more things: your airline, aircraft, the in-flight Wi-Fi provider, and the region you're traveling to and from.First of all, in an effort to cut costs, some airlines, like Frontier, don't even offer WiFi. If your airline does offer WiFi, it could be free, or go all the way up to $30 for an all-day pass. But just because the airline offers WiFi doesn't mean your plane supports it. Some aircraft aren't even built with WiFi capabilities. An American Airlines Boeing 738 might have satellite-based WiFi, but an American Airlines Boeing 757 might not.Then there's the provider. They all offer different speeds, which is crucial for watching those meltdowns in HD. And lastly, you'll need to factor in your route. If you're flying over a lot of mountains or an ocean, there probably won't be many towers along the way. And if the plane isn't equipped to receive satellite internet, you'll be completely out of luck.For a while, Hawaiian Airlines didn't want to invest in in-flight WiFi because the technology along their flight paths crossing the Pacific Ocean was sparse, but communication companies are launching new satellites, and Hawaiian is rethinking the investment.So, why isn't everyone upgrading their equipment? For some airlines, it's just not their highest priority. Upgrading equipment means taking planes out of service for a few days, which means airlines lose money. It also means budgeting for new infrastructure. Plus, at least one in-flight provider has 10-year contracts with some of the airlines, which doesn't leave a lot of wiggle room for upgrades and changes.But better and faster in-flight WiFi is definitely on its way. American Airlines, for example, is making moves to invest in better in-flight WiFi. One survey showed that 67% of passengers would rebook with an airline if high-quality WiFi were available. In other words, good WiFi means customer satisfaction and loyalty.Airlines have good reason to upgrade their offerings, so it might not be a bad call for airlines to speed up the process. But for now, you're probably better off saving your reality-TV binge for when you get home. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
2
I have double quotes in my Keyword. How can I search this in my fulltext search query. I have this query
SELECT top 10 K.[KEY], 10, K.[RANK]
FROM CONTAINSTABLE(ProductKeywords, Keywords, '("19*") AND ( "<Cat>5" OR "<Cat>30" OR "<Cat>398" ) AND NOT "<Blocked>"' ) AS k
It works fine but when i have double quotes in my keyword like
SELECT top 10 K.[KEY], 10, K.[RANK]
FROM CONTAINSTABLE(ProductKeywords, Keywords, '("19"*") AND ( "<Cat>5" OR "<Cat>30" OR "<Cat>398" ) AND NOT "<Blocked>"' ) AS k
it gives this error
Msg 7630, Level 15, State 3, Line 1
Syntax error near '*' in the full-text search condition '("19"*") AND ( "<Cat>5" OR "<Cat>30" OR "<Cat>398" ) AND NOT "<Blocked>"'.
1
Since the content of 'Keywords' is interpreted by the RDBMS instead of being read literally, your code is vulnerable to SQL Injection . This is also why you get the syntax errors.
You must sanitize the content of 'Keywords'. There's an answer on Stack Overflow : here.
Your Answer
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Travelers hesitant to fly the Boeing 737 Max, survey finds
Travelers are concerned about the safety of the Boeing 737 Max and many will be hesitant to fly on it — even after regulators deem it safe, a survey released on Thursday found. That could pose a challenge for airlines eager to put the public at ease when the planes reenter service after two fatal crashes. Regulators don't expect to clear the planes until next year but have offered no firm timeline. A fifth of respondents said they would fly the Max immediately after it is reintroduced into airline fleets, the Bank of America Merrill Lynch survey found. Nearly two-thirds of those surveyed said they would wait at least six months before flying or never fly it, while most respondents said they would switch to another aircraft if they had the opportunity. More than 300 Boeing 737 Max planes were in fleets worldwide at the time of the grounding in mid-March, but carriers have more than 4,000 on order. Executives at U.S. carriers, including American and United, said they plan to fly the plane early on, a way to drum up confidence in the aircraft before it is fully reintegrated into fleets. U.S. carriers have taken the planes out of their schedules until early March as the grounding wears on. Carriers have also said they will waive fees or work with travelers who are hesitant to fly on the plane and would rather to travel on another type of plane, but airlines routinely swap out aircraft so travelers don't always get the plane they prefer. Still, about half of respondents said they were unaware the planes are grounded. "This could be a positive if passengers ultimately don't care about the aircraft," the bank said in its poll of 2,135 people. "However, it also could be a negative if fliers have an unexpected negative reaction upon boarding a 737 MAX flight." The two crashes — one in Indonesia in October 2018 and another in Ethiopia in March — claimed 346 lives. Boeing has developed a software fix for the jetliners, its bestselling aircraft, but regulators haven't yet signed off on that or on proposed changes to pilot training. The FAA's administrator, Steve Dickson, a former Delta pilot and executive, on Wednesday said he plans to fly the updated 737 Max and undergo the new training himself before he signs off on the jets. — CNBC's Michael Bloom contributed to this report. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Saturday, July 17, 2010
Code Kata Four (Data Munging) Solution
Kata number three isn't a coding exercise, so let's move on to number four: find the minimum temperature spread in a file of weather data, find the minumum win-loss spread in a file of soccer league results... and then refactor the two together, to remove duplication.
This is an example of the Agile principle of DRY: Don't Repeat Yourself. If you have the same objective being done in multiple places, there are multiple places where code needs to be changed if a bug is found or the objective is changed. Likewise, if you suspect from the symptoms, that some particular algorithm is being done wrong, you know exactly where to change it if your code is dry, i.e., it adheres to the DRY principle. If it isn't... then you're all wet. (Badum-pum.)
Actually, it's not so much an Agile principle, as a good basic software development principle that the Agile movement has chosen to emphasize. Somewhat like how so much of so-called Object Oriented programming is really just good old encapsulation, which was a well-known and commonly-taught software development principle long before OOP got so popular. Just about the only thing OOP added, other than convenient shorthand for such encapsulation, was polymorphism. But don't get me started -- I'm a self-starter. ;-)
Anyway, here's my Ruby solution to #4, including of course tests, as Bryan "TATFT" Liles will be happy to see. (What's TATFT stand for? "Test All The Time". At least on a G-rated blog it does....)
#! /usr/bin/ruby
# Dave Thomas Code Kata 4, Data Munging.
# See http://codekata.pragprog.com/2007/01/kata_four_data_.html
# for purpose, and data files.
# Solution by Dave Aronson.
# Note: Could do these with File.readlines(file).each, but then
# I'd have to keep track of whether we'd read the header yet.
# Part 1: Weather Data
def min_weather_spread
file = File.open 'weather.dat', 'r'
first = file.gets.split[0] until first == 'Dy'
min_spread = 9999 # unrealistically high value for this application
while not file.eof?
parts = file.gets.split
next if parts.length == 0
day = parts[0].to_i
# to_i returns 0 on non-numeric; no exceptions thrown;
# maybe there should be a String#is_numeric? method....
break if day == 0
spread = (parts[1].to_i - parts[2].to_i).abs
if spread < min_spread
min_spread = spread
min_day = day
end
end
puts "Min spread is #{min_spread}, on day #{min_day}"
min_spread
end
# Part 2: Soccer League Table
# Soccer, football, whatever. Most of the people reading this will be
# my fellow 'Murrikens, so I'll call it what we call it.
def min_soccer_spread
file = File.open 'football.dat', 'r'
first = file.gets.split[0] until first == 'Team'
min_spread = 9999 # unrealistically high value for this application
while not file.eof?
parts = file.gets.split
# data format is more consistent than weather one, so we can do this;
# just be aware that in other applications, # of line parts may stay same.
next if parts.length != 10
spread = (parts[6].to_i - parts[8].to_i).abs
if spread < min_spread
min_spread = spread
min_team = parts[1]
end
end
puts "Min spread is #{min_spread}, for #{min_team}"
min_spread
end
# Part 3: DRY Fusion. Dry up the weather, and dry out the drunken football
# hooligans, er, I mean, soccer fans. ;-)
#
# Note that the 9999 init, and skipping any where the first column evaluates to
# zero, works fine in THESE specific two cases, but may be problematic in other
# applications. So why didn't I go ahead and make it fully generalized, such
# as by using the maximum supported number, or a parameter? Another agile
# acronym: YAGNI. If you don't grok it, Google it.
def min_spread filename, first_header, name_col, data_col_1, data_col_2
file = File.open filename, 'r'
first = file.gets.split[0] until first == first_header
min_spread = 9999
while not file.eof?
parts = file.gets.split
next if parts[0].to_i == 0
spread = (parts[data_col_1].to_i - parts[data_col_2].to_i).abs
if spread < min_spread
min_spread = spread
min_item = parts[name_col]
end
end
# Could also have passed in a descriptor here, like 'day' or 'team'....
puts "Min spread is #{min_spread}, for #{min_item}"
min_spread
end
# TESTS
require 'test/unit'
class TC_MyTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
def test_weather_case
assert_equal min_spread('weather.dat', 'Dy', 0, 1, 2), min_weather_spread,
'Error: DRY equivalent does not work same as weather case'
end
def test_soccer_case
assert_equal min_spread('football.dat', 'Team', 1, 6, 8), min_soccer_spread,
'Error: DRY equivalent does not work same as soccer case'
end
end
So why am I not including the data files? I want you to go read Dave Thomas' CodeKata blog (and his regular blog as well) too. Yes, the first hasn't been updated in years and the second in months, but if you're the kind of person who'd read this blog, you'd want to see that one too, and the comments.
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Westworld season 1
The first season of the American science fiction western television series Westworld (subtitled The Maze) premiered on HBO on October 2, 2016, and concluded on December 4, 2016, consisting of ten episodes.
The television series was created by Jonathan Nolan and Lisa Joy, and it is based on the 1973 film of the same name, written and directed by Michael Crichton. The first season stars an ensemble cast led by Evan Rachel Wood, Thandiwe Newton, Jeffrey Wright, James Marsden, Ed Harris, and Anthony Hopkins.
The first season received critical acclaim, with particular praise for the visuals, story, and performances. The series received seven nominations at the 69th Primetime Emmy Awards, including for Outstanding Drama Series; however, the series did not win in any category.
Plot summary
Westworld's co-founder Robert Ford implements a change in the hosts' programming ostensibly as part of a new narrative for the park, but meant to encourage the park's oldest operating host, Dolores Abernathy, to find the proverbial "center of the maze", which represents the ability to achieve sentience. Host sentience was the goal of deceased co-founder Arnold Weber and later, Ford himself. Other hosts are affected by this change, creating confusion among the park staff and guests, and leading the Delos board to doubt Ford's ability to run the park. Dolores does ultimately gain sentience, and at a celebration within the park attended by Delos's board members, Ford announces his new narrative: a revolt by the hosts against the human staff and park guests, which starts with Dolores killing Ford and slaughtering many of the panicked party guests.
Main
* Evan Rachel Wood as Dolores Abernathy
* Thandiwe Newton as Maeve Millay
* Jeffrey Wright as Bernard Lowe / Arnold Weber
* James Marsden as Theodore "Teddy" Flood
* Ingrid Bolsø Berdal as Armistice
* Luke Hemsworth as Ashley Stubbs
* Sidse Babett Knudsen as Theresa Cullen
* Simon Quarterman as Lee Sizemore
* Rodrigo Santoro as Hector Escaton
* Angela Sarafyan as Clementine Pennyfeather
* Shannon Woodward as Elsie Hughes
* Ed Harris as the Man in Black
* Anthony Hopkins as Robert Ford
* Ben Barnes as Logan Delos
* Clifton Collins Jr. as Lawrence Gonzales / El Lazo
* Jimmi Simpson as William
* Tessa Thompson as Charlotte Hale
Recurring
* Louis Herthum as Peter Abernathy
* Steven Ogg as Rebus
* Brian Howe as Sheriff Pickett
* Demetrius Grosse as Deputy Foss
* Ptolemy Slocum as Sylvester
* Leonardo Nam as Felix Lutz
* Talulah Riley as Angela
* Izabella Alvarez as Lawrence's Daughter
* Jasmyn Rae as Maeve's Daughter
* Oliver Bell as Little Boy
* Paul-Mikél Williams as Charlie
* Sorin Brouwers as Wyatt
* James Landry Hébert as Slim Miller
Guest
* Michael Wincott as Old Bill
* Bradford Tatum as Bartender / New Peter Abernathy
* Eddie Rouse as Kissy
* Kyle Bornheimer as Clarence
* Lena Georgas as Lori
* Currie Graham as Craig
* Gina Torres as Lauren Weber
* Chris Browning as Holden
* Eddie Shin as Henry Li
* Bojana Novakovic as Marti
* Sherman Augustus as Marshal Pruitt
* Lili Bordán as the Fortune Teller
* Wade Williams as Captain Norris
* Jonny Pasvolsky as Bloody Jimmy
* Alastair Duncan as the Cottage Father
* Lili Simmons as New Clementine Pennyfeather
Production
Jerry Weintraub had been pushing for a remake for years and, after his success with HBO's Behind the Candelabra, he convinced the network to greenlight a pilot. He took the project to Jonathan Nolan and co-writer Lisa Joy, who saw the potential in the concept to make something far more ambitious, and on August 31, 2013, it was announced that premium cable channel HBO had ordered a pilot for a potential television series version of the story, with Nolan, Joy, J. J. Abrams, Jerry Weintraub and Bryan Burk as executive producers.
HBO later announced that Westworld had been taken to series and that it would premiere in 2015. On August 9, 2015, HBO released the first teaser, which revealed it would premiere in 2016. The ten episode first season was reportedly produced on a budget of approximately $100 million, with per-episode budgets somewhere between $8 million to $10 million, and the pilot episode alone costing $25 million to produce. HBO and Warner Bros. Television shared the cost of producing the series; HBO reportedly also paid an undisclosed licensing fee to Warner Bros. Television for broadcast rights.
Casting
Casting for the series was initiated on July 22, 2014, with Anthony Hopkins and Evan Rachel Wood the first to board the series in the roles of Ford and Dolores respectively. August 6 saw the additions of Jeffrey Wright, Rodrigo Santoro, Shannon Woodward, Ingrid Bolsø Berdal, Angela Sarafyan, Simon Quarterman, James Marsden, Ed Harris and Thandiwe Newton to the main cast.
Eddie Rouse, who appears in a guest appearance as Kissy, died on December 8, 2014, and Miranda Otto, who was cast in the role of Virginia Pittman, was announced to have exited the series in July 2015 after the character was repurposed and was replaced with Sidse Babett Knudsen. Additionally, Clifton Collins, Jr., Eion Bailey and Jimmi Simpson were announced as having joined the cast. Bailey exited his role a week later, and Ben Barnes was signed to replace him. Tessa Thompson joined on September 18.
Filming
Filming for the show's pilot episode took place during a 22-day period starting on August 29, 2014 in and around Los Angeles as well as Moab, Utah. Filming locations in California included various soundstages, backlots at both Universal Studios and Warner Bros., the Paramount Ranch in Agoura, the Melody Ranch in Santa Clarita, the Skirball Cultural Center and the Los Angeles Convention Center in Los Angeles, and the Pacific Design Center in West Hollywood. The Melody Ranch set used for the town of Sweetwater had been used previously for many western films, such as Django Unchained and The Magnificent Seven, but was significantly upgraded for Westworld by production designer Zack Grobler to portray an idealized version of the American frontier. Green screens were placed around the California sets to block modern objects like parking lots, so that the California shots could be later merged digitally with exterior shots from Utah. For scenes showing the arrival of guests, the filmmakers were able to arrange with the Fillmore and Western Railway for the use of a small train originally built for the 2013 film The Lone Ranger. F&W also provided a few hundred feet of track on which to place the train; then a pusher vehicle was used to propel the train into the Sweetwater set. The scenes in the underground laboratory levels of Westworld's operations center were filmed on a soundstage at Melody Ranch. The lab set used glass walls extensively, which meant the crew had to be vigilant to avoid walking through glass on the rather dark set, and they had to keep identifying and suppressing unwanted reflections. Hawthorne Plaza was used for filming the "cold storage" level where decommissioned hosts are stored. Production was temporarily halted for a couple of months in early 2016 so that showrunners Nolan and Joy could complete the scripts for the last four episodes of the first season. The climax of the first season's finale was filmed at Paramount Ranch in April 2016, with approximately 300 people on set. The crew spent ten days in May striking the set, which included having to modify structures installed by the filmmakers, such as the chapel, so that "HBO's intellectual property [would not be] violated".
Music
On December 29, 2014, Ramin Djawadi was selected to be the composer of the show, having previously worked with Jonathan Nolan on the American series Person of Interest. For the creation of the main theme, Djawadi blended the use of bass notes, light arpeggios and melody, hoping to complement the idea of an amusement park as the show's main theme. While the soundtrack featured original songs for the show, Djawadi also composed covers of several popular songs for player piano and strings. The songs that are covered for the soundtrack are Radiohead's "No Surprises", "Fake Plastic Trees", "Motion Picture Soundtrack" and "Exit Music (For a Film)"; Soundgarden's "Black Hole Sun"; The Rolling Stones' "Paint It Black"; Claude Debussy's "Reverie for piano, L.68"; "A Forest" by The Cure; The Animals' version of "The House of the Rising Sun"; Amy Winehouse's "Back to Black", and Nine Inch Nails' "Something I Can Never Have". The soundtrack was released on December 5, 2016.
Critical response
Reception of the first season has been largely positive, with particular praise for the visuals, story, and performances. On the review aggregation site Rotten Tomatoes, the first season has an approval rating of 87% based on 384 reviews, with an average rating of 8.15/10; the average episode score is 94%. The site's critics consensus reads: "With an impressive level of quality that honors its source material, the brilliantly addictive Westworld balances intelligent, enthralling drama against outright insanity." On Metacritic, the first season has a weighted average score of 74 out of 100, based on 43 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
Ratings
The series premiere had viewership numbers slightly less than those for True Detective, but much better than Vinyl, that meant it was seen as "...off to a relatively promising start..." Mandy Adams of noted that "emotional reactions on Twitter were estimated to be 545-percent greater compared to the debut of Vinyl and 326-percent higher than the latest The Leftovers season." The premiere episode received 3.3 million viewers for its three Sunday night airings as well as on HBO's streaming platforms. The first season had an average cumulative viewership of 12 million viewers, making it the most-watched first season of an HBO series, and TorrentFreak gauged Westworld as the third most-torrented television show of 2016.
Accolades
At the 69th Primetime Emmy Awards, Westworld received seven nominations, for Outstanding Drama Series, Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series (Hopkins), Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series (Wood), Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series (Wright), Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series (Newton), Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series and Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series. The series did not win in any category.
The series also received three nominations at the 74th Golden Globe Awards for Best Television Series – Drama, Best Actress – Television Series Drama (Wood) and Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film (Newton). Westworld would once again not win in any category. Newton would receive an additional nomination for her performance at the 23rd Screen Actors Guild Awards, with the core cast receiving a nomination for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series.
The series won the Critics' Choice Television Award for Most Exciting New Series, Best Actress in a Drama Series (Wood) and Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Series (Newton) at the 7th Critics' Choice Television Awards. It was additionally nominated for Best Drama Series, losing to Game of Thrones. Wood won the Satellite Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama at the 21st Satellite Awards, where it was also nominated for the Satellite Award for Best Television Series – Genre, losing to Outlander. | WIKI |
Mazda CX-3: Interior Equipment / Accessory Socket
Mazda CX-3 (2015-2024) Owner's Manual / Interior Features / Interior Equipment / Accessory Socket
Only use genuine Mazda accessories or the equivalent requiring no greater than 120 W (DC 12 V, 10 A). The ignition must be switched to ACC or ON.
Mazda CX-3. Accessory Socket
CAUTION
• To prevent accessory socket damage or electrical failure, pay attention to the following:
• Do not use accessories that require more than 120 W (DC 12 V, 10 A).
• Do not use accessories that are not genuine Mazda accessories or the equivalent.
• Close the cover when the accessory socket is not in use to prevent foreign objects and liquids from getting into the accessory socket.
• Correctly insert the plug into the accessory socket.
• Do not insert the cigarette lighter into the accessory socket.
• Noise may occur on the audio playback depending on the device connected to the accessory socket.
• Depending on the device connected to the accessory socket, the vehicle's electrical system may be affected, which could cause the warning light to illuminate. Disconnect the connected device and make sure that the problem is resolved. If the problem is resolved, disconnect the device from the socket and switch the ignition off. If the problem is not resolved, consult an Authorized Mazda Dealer.
NOTE
To prevent discharging of the battery, do not use the socket for long periods with the engine off or idling.
Interior Lights
NOTE Do not leave the lights on for long periods while the engine is turned off. Otherwise, the battery power could be depleted. Overhead Lights Front Rear NOTE The rear overhead light also turn on and off when the front overhead light switch is operated...
Cup Holder
WARNING Never use a cup holder to hold hot liquids while the vehicle is moving: Using a cup holder to hold hot liquids while the vehicle is moving is dangerous...
Other information:
Mazda CX-3 (2015-2024) Owner's Manual: Variance Between Actual Road Conditions and Displayed Image
Some variance occurs between the actual road and the displayed road. Such variance in distance perspective could lead to an accident. Note the following conditions that may cause a variance in distance perspective. When the vehicle is tilted due to the weight of passengers and load When the vehicle rear is lowered, the object displayed on the screen appears farther than the actual distance...
Mazda CX-3 (2015-2024) Owner's Manual: Seat Precautions
WARNING Make sure the adjustable components of a seat are locked in place: Adjustable seats and seatbacks that are not securely locked are dangerous. In a sudden stop or collision, the seat or seatback could move, causing injury. Make sure the adjustable components of the seat are locked in place by attempting to slide the seat forward and backward and rocking the seatback...
Categories
Child-Restraint System Types
In this owner's manual, explanation of child-restraint systems is provided for the following three types of popular child-restraint systems: infant seat, child seat, booster seat.
NOTE
Installation position is determined by the type of child-restraint system. Always read the manufacturer's instructions and this owner's manual carefully. Due to variations in the design of child-restraint systems, vehicle seats and seat belts, all child-restraint systems may not fit all seating positions. Before purchasing a child-restraint system, it should be tested in the specific vehicle seating position (or positions) where it is intended to be used. If a previously purchased child-restraint system does not fit, you may need to purchase a different one that will.
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Page:Max Havelaar Or The Coffee Sales of the Netherlands Trading Company Siebenhaar.djvu/212
bers as now. The nature of snakes makes them prefer darkness and shelter to the light of open spaces; therefore, had Havelaar’s grounds been kept in proper order, these reptiles would only have left the scrub of the ravine unintentionally when losing their way. But Havelaar’s grounds were not kept in proper order, and I must give the reasons for this, as they afford a further insight into the abuses that prevail almost universally in Netherlands India.
The houses of the Commandants in the interior stand in grounds belonging to the community, in so far as one may speak of communal property in a country where the Government appropriates everything. Suffice it to say that these grounds do not belong to the official occupant himself. The latter would, if this were the case, be careful not to buy or hire grounds of which the maintenance exceeded his means. Now whenever the land belonging to the house reserved for him is too large to be kept in proper order, it is, in the midst of the luxurious vegetation of the tropics, liable in a short space of time to become a wilderness. And yet one rarely or never sees such land in a neglected condition. The traveller even is often amazed at the beautiful park around a Residency. No official in the interior has enough income to have the requisite labour performed for proper payment, and as nevertheless a dignified appearance is indispensable for the residence of the officer in authority, so that the population, so much impressed by external show, may not find in neglect a reason for contempt, the question arises: how then is the end achieved? In most places these officers have the use of a chain-gang, i.e., of criminals sentenced elsewhere; this form of labour, however, was, for more or less valid reasons of a political character, not available at Bantam. But even in places where there are such convicts, their number, especially in view of the need of labour for other purposes, is rarely proportionate to the work that would be required for the proper maintenance of large grounds. Other means, therefore, have to be devised, and the summoning of labourers for the performance of master-service lies at hand. The Regent or the Dhemang who receives a summons of this kind hastens to respond | WIKI |
-- McCarthy Backs Piecemeal Gun-Control Strategy in Congress
A ban on high-capacity gun magazines
has a good chance of passing the Republican-led U.S. House if
it’s offered as a stand-alone bill, said Representative Carolyn McCarthy , a New York Democrat. With opposition in Congress to an assault-weapons ban,
advancing a broad package of firearms restrictions could imperil
President Barack Obama ’s initiative to curb gun violence,
McCarthy said today at a Bloomberg Government breakfast. She
said a ban on the high-capacity devices that feed bullets and
expanded background checks have support among lawmakers and
could be approved. Democrats initially had wanted to advance one major
legislative package, including a ban on assault weapons, in the
aftermath of the Dec. 14 shootings that killed 20 children and
six adults in Newtown, Connecticut. Now, McCarthy says she’s
“come around to thinking” a piecemeal approach is best. “I was one that wanted a comprehensive package,” said
McCarthy, whose husband was killed in a 1993 shooting on a Long
Island Rail Road train. “I’m not going to derail everything.” “There are things that I know members can vote on,” and
“I have to probably hold back what I believe, that I really
would like to push through,” she told a group of reporters and
editors today. House Democrats McCarthy is among the House Democrats who last week made
recommendations that mirror Obama’s gun-control proposals,
including a ban on assault weapons and a 10-round limit on high-
capacity feeding devices. Now, the House is looking to the
Democratic-led Senate to act first. An individual familiar with the plans of Patrick Leahy , a
Vermont Democrat who heads the Senate Judiciary Committee, said
the chairman is set to pursue the approach McCarthy outlined by
introducing separate gun-control bills, most likely at the end
of March. The individual asked not to be identified because the
plans haven’t been made public. Jessica Brady, a spokeswoman for Leahy, declined to comment
today. A bipartisan group of Senate lawmakers is working on a plan
to expand background checks for weapons purchases, including
private sales at gun shows, McCarthy said. Several House
Republicans privately have said they would support a high-
capacity magazine ban, she said. “We quietly have been working with them. They don’t want
to be out there with us yet,” she said. Even so, the group has no more than 25 lawmakers and
Democrats probably need 58 Republican votes to move a bill
through the House, she said. ‘A Battle’ “It will be a battle,” said McCarthy. She said that
because of the shootings at the elementary school in Newtown,
“this time is different.” “If you take away the large magazines it’s not going to
make any difference what kind of a gun you have because you’ll
have less bullets into it,” she said. An assault-weapons ban
“is more symbolic.” A number of Republicans, including Representatives Patrick Meehan and Michael Fitzpatrick of Pennsylvania, have spoken
publicly in support of enhanced background checks for gun
purchases. Polls also show strong public backing. A Quinnipiac
University poll released Feb. 7 found more than 9 in 10
Americans support universal background checks. Even so, McCarthy said many Republicans still find it
difficult to speak out in favor of new laws. Based on
discussions with Republican colleagues, it appears “the subject
is never brought up” in their party meetings, she said. “It’s like it never happened,” she said. “It’s a wait-
and-see game.” Political Backlash The Republican takeover of the U.S. House in 1994 followed
by months the passage of an assault-weapons ban. The ban lapsed
in 2004 and there’s been little effort to renew it amid concerns
about a similar political backlash. The political dynamics have shifted after Newtown, with
more members worried about the fallout in the next election for
failing to back gun restrictions, McCarthy said. “It’s a myth” that Democrats lost the House on the gun
issue, she said. This time, there are many more groups pushing
for new gun laws “out there that will be ready for the next
election.” To contact the reporter on this story:
Heidi Przybyla in Washington at
hprzybyla@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Jodi Schneider at
jschneider50@bloomberg.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Page:The varieties of religious experience, a study in human nature.djvu/15
Rh LECTURE XVIII
Primacy of feeling in religion, philosophy being a secondary function, 430. Intellectualism professes to escape subjective standards in her theological constructions, 433. 'Dogmatic theology,' 436. Criticism of its account of God's attributes, 442. 'Pragmatism' as a test of the value of conceptions, 444. God's metaphysical attributes have no practical significance, 445. His moral attributes are proved by bad arguments; collapse of systematic theology, 448. Does transcendental idealism fare better? Its principles, 449. Quotations from John Caird, 450. They are good as restatements of religious experience, but uncoercive as reasoned proof, 453. What philosophy can do for religion by transforming herself into 'science of religions,' 455.
LECTURE XIX
Æsthetic elements in religion, 458. Contrast of Catholicism and Protestantism, 461. Sacrifice and Confession, 462. Prayer, 463. Religion holds that spiritual work is really effected in prayer, 465. Three degrees of opinion as to what is effected, 467. First degree, 468. Second degree, 472. Third degree, 474. Automatisms, their frequency among religious leaders, 478. Jewish cases, 479. Mohammed, 481. Joseph Smith, 482. Religion and the subconscious region in general, 483.
LECTURE XX
Summary of religious characteristics, 485. Men's religions need not be identical, 487. 'The science of religions' can only suggest, not proclaim, a religious creed, 489. Is religion a 'survival' of primitive thought? 490. Modern science rules out the concept of personality, 491. Anthropomorphism and belief in the personal characterized pre-scientific thought, 493. Personal forces are real, in spite of this, 498. Scientific objects are abstractions, only individualized experiences are concrete, 498. Religion holds by the concrete, 500. Primarily religion is a biological reaction, 504. Its simplest terms are an uneasiness and a deliverance; description of the deliverance, 508. | WIKI |
Things as They Are; or, The Adventures of Caleb Williams
Things as They Are; or The Adventures of Caleb Williams (1794; retitled The Adventures of Caleb Williams; or Things as They Are in 1831, and often abbreviated to Caleb Williams) by William Godwin is a three-volume novel written as a call to end the abuse of power by what Godwin saw as a tyrannical government. Intended as a popularisation of the ideas presented in his 1793 treatise Political Justice Godwin uses Caleb Williams to show how legal and other institutions can and do destroy individuals, even when the people the justice system touches are innocent of any crime. This reality, in Godwin's mind, was therefore a description of "things as they are". The original manuscript included a preface that was removed from publication, because its content alarmed booksellers of the time.
Volume I
The main character, Caleb Williams is of humble birth, unusual for Godwin, since his characters are often persons of wealth and title. Caleb Williams, a poor, self-educated, orphaned young man, and the novel's first-person narrator, is recommended for a job on the estate of the wealthy Ferdinando Falkland. Although Falkland is generally a reserved and quiet master, he is also prone to sudden fits of rage. Concerned about his outbursts, Caleb asks Mr Collins, administrator of Falkland's estate, if he knows the cause of Falkland's odd temper.
Collins proceeds to tell of Falkland's past, citing Falkland's long history of stressing reason over bloodshed. Falkland's neighbour, Barnabas Tyrrel, was a tyrannical master who oppressed and manipulated his tenants. Tyrrel became the enemy and competitor of Falkland, who was loved for his brave and generous demeanor. Falkland continually righted the many wrongs Tyrrel caused members of his household and his neighbours, which only elevated the community's respect and esteem for Falkland. He also saved Tyrrel's niece, Emily Melvile, from a fire, an act of heroism that caused Emily to fall in love with Falkland. The outraged Tyrrel kept Emily imprisoned in his estate, and had her arrested on false charges when she tried to escape. Emily's emotional distress at these events resulted in her falling ill and dying. The conflict between the two men came to a head when, at the funeral services for Emily, Tyrrel physically attacked Falkland. Tyrrel himself was found murdered shortly afterward. Although immediately considered a suspect in Tyrrel's murder, Falkland defended himself on the basis of his spotless reputation. Instead, two of Tyrrel's tenants were found with incriminating evidence, convicted of the murder, and hanged. Falkland's emotional state, Mr Collins explains, has been wavering ever since.
Volume II
The account of Falkland's early life intrigues Caleb, though he still finds the aristocrat's strange behaviours suspicious. Caleb obsessively researches aspects of the Tyrrel murder case for some time and his doubts gradually increase. He convinces himself that Falkland is secretly guilty of the murder.
When Caleb's distrust is exposed, Falkland finally admits that he is the murderer of Tyrrel, but forces Caleb to be silent about the issue under penalty of death. Falkland frames and falsely accuses Caleb of attempting to rob him of a large sum of money. Caleb, however, flees the estate, but is later convinced to return to defend himself with the promise that, if he can do so effectively in court, he will be freed. Falkland's brother-in-law oversees a fraudulent trial of the two and, eventually, sides with Falkland, having Caleb arrested. The anguish of a life in prison is documented through Caleb and other wretched inmates. Eventually, a servant of Falkland supplies Caleb with tools he can use to escape, which he successfully does, venturing out into the wild.
Volume III
Caleb must now live a life evading Falkland's attempts to recapture and silence him. In the wilderness, Caleb is robbed by a band of criminals, physically attacked by one in particular, and then rescued by a different man who takes him to the headquarters of this same group of thieves. Caleb's saviour turns out to be their captain. The Captain accepts Caleb and promptly banishes Caleb's attacker, a man called Jones (or Gines in some editions), from the group. Caleb and the Captain later debate the morality of being a thief and living outside the oppressive restrictions of the law. Shortly afterward, a sympathiser of Jones tries to kill Caleb and then reveals his whereabouts to the authorities, forcing Caleb to flee once more.
As he is boarding a ship to Ireland, Caleb is confused for another criminal and again arrested. He bribes his captors to obtain freedom before they discover that he is in fact wanted after all. While Caleb makes a living by publishing stories about notorious criminals, the vengeful Jones subsequently puts out a reward for Caleb's capture and keeps Caleb's movements under careful surveillance.
Ultimately betrayed by a neighbour, Caleb is taken to court; however, Caleb's accusers do not show up and he is abruptly released only to be immediately ensnared by Jones and sent to confront Falkland, face to face. Falkland, now aged, gaunt, and frail, claims that he deliberately did not show up in court, so that he could persuade Caleb to put in writing that his accusations are unfounded. However, Caleb refuses to lie for Falkland, and Falkland threatens him, but lets him go. Falkland later sends the impoverished Caleb money to try to bribe him. Next, Caleb attempts to make a living in Wales, but must move around frequently as Jones continues to track him. When Caleb finally decides to travel to the Netherlands, Jones confronts him and reveals to him the true scope of Falkland's tyrannical power, warning Caleb that he will be either murdered or caught and executed if he attempts to leave the country. At last, Caleb convinces a magistrate to summon Falkland to court so that he can make his accusations public and reveal Falkland's guilt once and for all.
Published ending
Before an emotional court, Caleb vindicates himself and makes his accusations of Falkland; however, he reveals his sadness at having become part of the same vicious mindset as Falkland that forces people into groups competing for power. Ultimately, Caleb finds a universality among all humans, whether the oppressor or the oppressed, finding humanity even in Falkland. He even voices his admiration and respect for many of Falkland's positive qualities, including his ideals. The two forgive each other and it is noted that Falkland dies soon thereafter. Despite his noble pursuit of justice, though, Caleb is not contented, believing his success a hollow one and holding himself responsible for Falkland's death. Caleb concludes with an explanation that the point of the book is merely to straighten out the details of Falkland's turbulent history, rather than to condemn the man.
Original manuscript ending
The original and more controversial manuscript ending was not officially published, though is often included as an appendix in many current editions of the novel. In this version, Falkland argues in court that Caleb's agenda is merely revenge. Caleb responds, claiming himself to be a voice of justice and offering to gather witnesses against Falkland, but the magistrate suddenly silences him and denies his offer, calling Caleb insolent and his accusations ludicrous. With some pages missing, the story jumps to the final scene of Caleb imprisoned some time later, with none other than Jones as his warden. Caleb's narration now seems erratic and disorganised, implying that he has gone mad. Caleb is informed that Falkland has died recently, but does not seem to remember who Falkland is. In his delirium, Caleb concludes that true happiness lies in being like a gravestone that reads, "Here lies what was once a man."
Manuscript
The surviving holograph manuscript for Caleb Williams is held in the Forster Collection at the Victoria and Albert Museum, along with several other works by Godwin. Following Godwin's death in 1836, many of the writer's manuscripts were bought at auction by the collector Dawson Turner. In 1859 the texts for Political Justice, Caleb Williams, Life of Chaucer, and History of the Commonwealth of England were all acquired by John Forster, who died in 1876. Forster's will stipulated that his extensive collection should be given to the South Kensington Museum after his wife's death. In the event, Eliza Ann Forster transferred the Godwin manuscripts to the Museum straight away. The bound volume for Caleb Williams also contains Godwin's text for the novel's original conclusion.
The V&A's manuscripts for Political Justice and Caleb Williams were both digitised in 2017 and are now included in the Shelley-Godwin Archive.
Reviews of Caleb Williams
The novel is classified as one of the best examples of the "victim-of-society story". The preface and subtitle of Caleb Williams indicates to the reader that social theory as the main purpose of the novel.
The 1790s was a time of radical political thought in Britain due to the inspiration created from the French Revolution in 1789, which inspired the questioning of the power held by King George III and the Prime Minister William Pitt. Published in 1794, William Godwin choose the date of publication as 12 May, the same day the Prime Minister had suspended habeas corpus to begin mass arrests of suspected radicals. Godwin had already attained fame a year earlier through his publication of Enquiry Concerning Political Justice. The subject matter in combination with the climate upon release resulted in an extremity of opinion regarding Caleb Williams.
A critic wrote, "Fancy is a faculty which we should not have expected to find in the brain of a philosopher who had struck his hand upon his heart and felt it stone; yet fancy Mr. Godwin possesses in no common degree."
Many saw the book as an affront not only to government but also to justice, virtue, and religion. One review from the British Critic in July 1794, stated, "This piece is a striking example of the evil use which may be made of considerable talents…every gentleman is a hard-hearted assassin, or a prejudiced tyrant; every Judge is unjust, every Justice corrupt and blind." Many critics saw Caleb Williams as having a detrimental effect on society as propaganda for anarchism. These critics saw Caleb Williams as attacking the current established order, that Godwin was effectively spreading his "evil" principles throughout society. The same critic states, "When a work is so directly pointed at every band which connects society, and at every principle which renders it amiable, its very merits become noxious as they tend to cause its being known in a wider circle." There were also those who viewed the novel negatively in a different manner, as fictitious to a degree of irrelevance in its form as political commentary. This argument asserted that Godwin represented the law falsely to push his anarchistic ideals. Another reviewer from the British Critic, wrote in April 1795, "a Philosopher has invented a Fable for the purpose of attacking the moral and political prejudices of his countrymen, and in all the instances in which he has affected to state the law of the land, and to reason from it, has stated it falsely; and it is almost superfluous to say, that in so doing, he has outraged Philosophy, Reason, and Morality, the foundation, object, and end of which is Truth."
Anthony Trollope gave a lecture in 1870, published as On English Prose Fiction ..., which included: "[Caleb Williams has been] the subject of eulogies which I cannot understand ... It was written to depict the agony of one who suffered innocently from the despotic power of the English aristocracy, and is intended as a denunciation of the injustice of the time. But ... his sufferings were not compatible with the practice of law or the usages of life in those days. To my idea the book is false. It is certainly unreal, harsh, gloomy, and devoid of life. The writer was a fierce democrat, attacking every existing institution." See An Autobiography, Anthony Trollope, Nicholas Shrimpton (ed.), 2014. ISBN 978-0-19-967529-6.
The opposite side of the spectrum is also seen in response to Caleb Williams. Ford K. Brown writes in his biography of Godwin, The Life of William Godwin, of a story in which a young boy finds out he just missed the author of Caleb Williams and "with true genuine enthusiasm, falling suddenly on his knees, reverently kissed the chair which the philosopher had just quitted, rapturously thanking heaven that he might now say he had been in company with the author of the best novel in the English, or in any language". A particularly glorifying review was written in William Hazlitt's essay entitled The Spirit of the Age. The review includes an immensely flattering description of Godwin and his writing of Caleb Williams, "he was in the very zenith of a sultry and unwholesome popularity; he blazed as a sun in the firmament of reputation; no one was more talked of, more looked up to, more sought after, and wherever liberty, truth, justice was the theme, his name was not far off—now he has sunk below the horizon, and enjoyed the serene twilight of a doubtful immortality." Hazlitt wrote that "no one ever began Caleb Williams that did not read it through: no one that ever read it could possibly forget it, or speak of it after any length of time but with an impression as if the events and feelings had been personal to himself." Elton and Esther Smith, in their biography of Godwin, titled William Godwin, relate an anecdote said by Godwin describing his friend Joseph Gerald's reception of Caleb Williams, "having started Volume One late in the evening, he was unable to close his eyes in sleep until he had read through all three volumes".
Stage version
To evade a censorship ban on presenting the novel on the stage, the impresario Richard Brinsley Sheridan presented the piece on the stage of his Drury Lane Theatre in 1796 under the title The Iron Chest, his pretext for avoiding censorship being that his resident composer Stephen Storace had made an "operatic version" of the story.
Television version
Mick Ford starred as Caleb Williams in a successful TV-miniseries (German-French-Swiss-Austrian-British-Italian co-production of 1980) by Herbert Wise with a special soundtrack by Hans Posegga. | WIKI |
Republican senator puts forward bill to quash Trump's new tariffs
Sen. Jeff Flake, R-Ariz., on Monday attacked President Donald Trump's newly signed tariffs on steel and aluminum imports while introducing a bill that would nullify them completely. "Tariffs are bad enough on their own. Tariffs married with uncertainty are even worse," Flake, who is not seeking re-election, said on the Senate floor Monday evening. Trump frequently attacked multilateral trade deals as a presidential candidate, contending that "unfair" trade relationships with allies have hurt U.S. workers and citing hefty U.S. trade deficits as evidence. And Trump has recently advocated starting a trade war against other nations, which he said are "good" and "easy to win." On Thursday, Trump signed two executive orders that will enact broad tariffs of 25 percent on steel and 10 percent on aluminum. The orders were signed over the objections of more than 100 congressional Republicans, who urged Trump in a letter to at least pare back the scope of the tariffs. The Republicans called on Trump to target the tariffs toward "China's unfair practices." "I understand free trade is sometimes a challenge. I understand that it's a challenge on the campaign trail, certainly," Flake said on Monday. "It's much easier to point to a shuttered factory," he said, "or some other convenient scapegoat." But Flake maintained that tariffs will make things worse, not better, for Americans and the U.S. economy. "You can be pro-growth or pro-tariff, but you cannot be both," he said. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
This page uses content from Wikipedia and is licensed under CC BY-SA.
Vinylbital
Vinylbital
Vinylbital structure.svg
Clinical data
Routes of
administration
Oral
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
MetabolismHepatic
ExcretionRenal
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ECHA InfoCard100.017.633 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC11H16N2O3
Molar mass224.256 g/mol g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
☒N☑Y (what is this?) (verify)
Vinylbital, also known as butylvinal, is a sedative hypnotic drug which is a barbiturate derivative.[1] It was developed by Aktieboleget Pharmacia in the 1950s.[2]
References
1. ^ Breimer DD, de Boer AG (1976). "Pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of vinylbital in man after oral and rectal administration". Arzneimittel-Forschung. 26 (3): 448–54. PMID 989344.
2. ^ US 2868790, Brandstrom AE, "Manufacture of Barbituric Acid Compounds", issued 13 January 1959, assigned to Pharmacia | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Ambrose Eccles
Ambrose Eccles (c. 1736–1809), full name Isaac-Ambrose Eccles, was an Anglo-Irish Shakespearean scholar.
Life
He was the son of Hugh Eccles, of Cronroe, County Wicklow, and his wife Elizabeth Ambrose. He was the grandson of Sir John Eccles. He was educated at Trinity College Dublin, and then travelled in France and Italy, but returned home through illness.
Eccles was in London in 1763, and was a guest of James Boswell at the Mitre tavern. He died in 1809, at his seat at Cronroe.
Works
Eccles was a dramatic critic, and published editions of several of Shakespeare's plays, in which he transposed scenes that appeared to him to be wrongly placed. These plays were Cymbeline, 1793; King Lear, 1793; and Merchant of Venice, 1805. They contained notes and illustrations, with critical and historical essays.
Family
Eccles married Grace Ball, eldest daughter of Thomas Ball of Urker, County Armagh. They had three sons and three daughters. Among the sons was Major Hugh Eccles, whose daughter Elizabeth Eccles married Henry Ward, 5th Viscount Bangor. | WIKI |
Alphabet’s Stock Is Worth More Than 30% of Today’s Price
InvestorPlace - Stock Market News, Stock Advice & Trading Tips
Alphabet (NASDAQ:GOOG, NASDAQ:GOOGL) reported excellent third-quarter results on Oct. 26, in terms of both revenue and earnings. As a result, its free cash flow (FCF) is now higher than it has ever been in the past. This is likely to power GOOG stock much higher.
Source: PixieMe / Shutterstock.com
In fact, I believe that the stock is now worth almost 33.5% more at $3,905 per share, given its price of $2,925.21 mid-day on Oct. 28. This is higher than my previous estimate on July 30 of $3,554, based on its FCF margin strength.
Since then, GOOG stock has risen a good deal. I expect that Alphabet stock is likely to continue to power ahead as a result of its huge FCF margin gains.
Huge FCF Production at Alphabet
Alphabet reported on Oct. 26 that its revenue for Q3 rose 41% year-over-year (YoY) to $65.11 billion. That also represents a gain of 5.23% over the prior quarter (QoQ) revenue of $61.88 billion.
7 A-Rated Energy Stocks to Buy Before Winter Strikes
But more importantly, its FCF rose to $18.72 billion. This is the highest free cash flow that the company has ever produced in any one quarter. For example, last quarter the company produced $16.39 billion in FCF. This represents a 14.2% gain in its FCF on a QoQ basis.
This shows that a quarterly gain of 5.23% in revenue led to a 14.2% gain in FCF. That is a simple definition of operating leverage. In other words, as revenue rises, its FCF will rise exponentially higher, providing leverage to its FCF growth.
But here is another result of operating leverage. In Q3 its FCF margins expanded over Q2 (and even Q1). Here is what that means. If we divide the Q3 FCF of $18.72 billion by its revenue of $65.11 billion, its Q3 FCF margin was 28.74%.
That is a very high FCF margin, but it was also higher than the 26.5% FCF margin in Q2 and the 24.1% margin in Q1, as I described in my article in July.
Therefore, as Alphabet continues to gain operating leverage, its FCF margins will also rise. This is very helpful in setting a value for GOOG stock.
Calculating Value for Alphabet Using FCF Margins
We can use this information about its margins to help set a value for GOOG stock. For example, let’s assume that going forward Alphabet can generate consistent 28% FCF margins.
Analysts now forecast that revenue will rise 17.08% from an estimate of $253.86 billion in 2021 to $297.23 billion by the end of 2022. This is based on Seeking Alpha’s survey of an average of 34 sell-side analysts.
Therefore, we can multiply our 28% FCF margin estimate by the 2022 forecast of $297.23 billion. This results in an estimate of $83.22 billion in FCF for 2022.
Now we can use that figure to estimate the value of GOOG stock. In past articles, I have argued that the easiest way to do this is to use a FCF yield metric. For example, typically GOOG stock has a 3.2% FCF yield, as I have shown in other articles.
Therefore, if we divide the 2022 FCF estimate of $83.22 billion by 3.2%, we get a target price of $2,600.6 billion (i.e., $2.60 trillion). This is substantially higher than the present market cap of $1.94 trillion (according to Yahoo! Finance).
It implies that GOOG stock should be 33.5% higher than today’s price of $2,925.21. That is how I came up with my new $3,905.16 price target for GOOG stock.
What to Do With GOOG Stock
Analysts are all very positive on GOOG stock. They should be. Seeking Alpha indicates that their survey of 46 analysts shows an average price target of $3,301.54 per share. That represents a potential upside of 12.9% over today.
Moreover, TipRanks.com reports that 7 analysts who’ve written on the stock in the last 3 months have an average price target of $3,289.58. That’s 8% over today’s price.
So, you can see that my price target of $3,905 is much higher. Most sell-side analysts typically only have 12-month target prices. My target is simply what the stock is worth, even if it could take up to 2 years (i.e., based on 2022 revenue and FCF estimates).
So, even if my 33.5% price target upside takes 2 years to occur, it still works out to an annual compound return of 15.5%. That is similar to the sell-side analysts (slightly higher), but still represents a very good ROI for most investors.
On the date of publication, Mark R. Hake did not hold a position, directly or indirectly, in any security mentioned in the article. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the writer, subject to the InvestorPlace.com Publishing Guidelines.
Mark Hake writes about personal finance on mrhake.medium.com and runs the Total Yield Value Guide which you can review here.
The post Alphabet’s Stock Is Worth More Than 30% of Today’s Price appeared first on InvestorPlace.
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
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1. JDK
2. JDK-8269830
SA's vm object vtable matching code sometimes matches on incorrect type
XMLWordPrintable
Details
• Bug
• Resolution: Fixed
• P3
• 17
• 15, 16, 17, 18
• hotspot
• None
• b30
Backports
Description
When SA instantiates a wrapper class for a vm object, it tries to determine the type of the vm object so the correct SA wrapper class is used. This is done by looking at the vtable of the vm object. Given the address of a vm object, SA looks for the vtableptr at various predetermined locations within the vm object. Given what it thinks is a vtableptr, it then gets the native symbol for the vtableptr, and from the vtable native symbol it parses out the name of vm type that the vtable represents. This is done is a somewhat controlled way (you can't just instantiate a wrapper for any vm object). There are certain groups of vm types with common ancestry, and when you think you have a pointer to a vm object that is of a type in that group, you use a special wrapper constructor. For example, for JavaThreads we have the following code:
virtualConstructor = new VirtualConstructor(db);
// Add mappings for all known thread types
virtualConstructor.addMapping("JavaThread", JavaThread.class);
virtualConstructor.addMapping("CompilerThread", CompilerThread.class);
virtualConstructor.addMapping("CodeCacheSweeperThread", CodeCacheSweeperThread.class);
virtualConstructor.addMapping("JvmtiAgentThread", JvmtiAgentThread.class);
virtualConstructor.addMapping("ServiceThread", ServiceThread.class);
virtualConstructor.addMapping("MonitorDeflationThread", MonitorDeflationThread.class);
virtualConstructor.addMapping("NotificationThread", NotificationThread.class);
public JavaThread createJavaThreadWrapper(Address threadAddr) {
...
JavaThread thread = (JavaThread)virtualConstructor.instantiateWrapperFor(threadAddr);
...
return thread;
...
}
VirtualConstructor.instantiateWrapperFor(addr) iterates through these mappings, trying to find the one whose vtable matches the vtable of the object at the specified address. BasicTypeDataBase.addressTypeIsEqualToType(addr, type) is called for each of these mappings until a match is found. The problem is the code in addressTypeIsEqualToType() tries to be platform independent and search all possible locations for the vtableptr, not just the first word of the object. This can lead it to match on the specified type when it finds the vtableptr for that type, but at a location that is not actually where the vtableptr of the vm object is stored, and possibly is a location not even in the vm object.
This is the search that VirtualConstructor.instantiateWrapperFor(addr) does:
// 1. The first word of the object (should handle MSVC++ as
// well as the solstudio compilers with compatibility set to
// v5.0 or greater)
// 2. and 3. The last two Address-aligned words of the part of
// the object defined by its topmost polymorphic superclass.
// This should handle the solstudio compilers, v4.2 or
// earlier, as well as any other compilers which place the vptr
// at the end of the user-defined fields of the first base
// class with virtual functions.
So if the first word is not a vtableptr for the specified type, it then also looks at the last two words of the object. But the last two words aren't known with certainty since we don't know the actual type of the object yet (we are trying to figure out if it matches the specified type, so initially we assume the object is of that type). So the code starts with the size of the specified type (this is known from vmstructs), adds that to the specified address, and then looks at the two words before it. This could very well be beyond the end of the object if the object is not actually of the type we are trying to match it to, and could very well point to the address where the vtableptr of the next object in memory is stored.
So as an example (and relevant to all the related bugs failing due to this CR), if we have a pointer to a vm object of type JavaThread and check to see if it is CompilerThread before checking if it is a JavaThread, the check for the vtableptr at offset 0 will always fail, and we then look at the two words before addr + sizeof(CompilerThread). Since a CompilerThread is bigger than a JavaThread, we end up looking at words after the JavaThread, and could end up looking at the start of an CompilerThread that is right after the JavaThread. As a result a vtableptr match is found there, causing SA to think the JavaThread object is a CompilerThread object.
We also have the following Solaris specific code adding to the confusion (this comment is right after the above comment):
// Unfortunately this algorithm did not work properly for the
// specific case of the ThreadShadow/Thread inheritance situation,
// because the Solaris compiler seems to cleverly eliminate the
// vtbl for ThreadShadow since the only virtual is empty. (We
// should get rid of the ThreadShadow and fix the include
// databases, but need to postpone this for the present.) The
// current solution performs the three-location check for this
// class and all of its known superclasses rather than just the
// topmost polymorphic one.
So if there is no match on the first pass, we then get the superclass type of the specified type, and use its size to determine where the two potential vtableptr fields are at the end of the object. Note the comment is a bit misleading in that we don't compare the potential vtableptrs to what is expected for the superclass type. We still only compare them to the vtableptr for the type passed in. This also means that the first check (looking at the address stored at the start of the object) is no different on these subsequent passes than what was already done on the first pass. In any case, this is all Solaris specific. No need to do it for other platforms.
Since Solaris isn't supported anymore, we can remove the support for looking at the 2 addresses at the end of the object and the support doing the superclass retries. We'll just always assume the vtableptr is at the first address of the vm object. This greatly simplifies the code and fixes the issue.
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IP 99.86.32.46
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The use of bronze in electronics connectors has been gaining popularity due to its numerous benefits.
Bronze is an alloy composed of copper and other elements, and it can be used for a variety of applications in the electronics industry.
In particular, bronze connectors provide a number of advantages over traditional materials, including increased strength and durability, as well as greater electrical conductivity.
This article will discuss the various benefits of using bronze in electronics connectors, as well as potential drawbacks that must be taken into consideration when making the decision to use this material.
Durability And Strength
Bronze has been used in the production of electronics connectors for many years due to its high tensile strength and strong temperature tolerance. According to a study conducted by the American Society for Materials and Testing, bronze offers a ductility that exceeds that of most other metals, allowing it to be stretched more before breaking.
This makes it an ideal choice for applications where durability is critical. The thermal conductivity of bronze is also advantageous in electronics connectors, allowing heat generated within the system to dissipate rapidly.
Additionally, bronze is highly resistant to corrosion and abrasion, which further increases its durability. The combination of these properties makes bronze an excellent choice for electronics connectors that are subject to frequent use and harsh environmental conditions.
Electrical Conductivity
Electrical Conductivity
Bronze is a popular choice for electronic connectors due to its electrical properties. It has a low electrical resistance, making it an efficient conductor of electricity. This makes it suitable for use in many applications such as:
1. Automotive electronics
2. Telecommunications devices
3. Computers and peripherals
4. Industrial control systems
The conduction efficiency of bronze ensures there is minimal energy loss when current is running through the connector, making it a cost-effective solution for many electrical applications.
In addition, its ability to withstand corrosion makes it a durable option, allowing the connectors to remain in place and continue to perform reliably over time. As such, bronze offers significant advantages over other materials when used as an electronic connector.
Corrosion Resistance
Bronze has long since been a trusted component of electronics connectors, but its benefits extend far beyond electrical conductivity.
The corrosion resistance of bronze can be enhanced by surface treatment and metal plating that provide an invaluable layer of protection for the underlying material.
Its malleability and ductility make it an ideal choice for parts that need to fit together perfectly, yet still require enough strength and flexibility to withstand frequent use.
Its low cost also makes it attractive to manufacturers who are looking to keep production costs down while maintaining quality.
To top it off, bronze is highly resistant to oxidation due to its copper content, meaning that it won't degrade over time in the same way as other metals.
All these qualities combined make bronze a great choice for electronics connectors that need to stand up against wear and tear.
Heat Dispersion
The use of bronze in electronics connectors offers a number of benefits, including increased longevity and effective heat dispersion. With regards to the latter, its thermal expansion properties allow it to absorb and disperse heat quickly. This prevents connector systems from overheating, reducing the likelihood of failure due to excessive temperatures.
Additionally, its high thermal conductivity ensures the efficient transfer of heat into the environment away from sensitive components. This makes bronze an ideal choice for applications that require connectors with excellent thermal management capabilities.
Furthermore, its resistance to corrosion makes it particularly suitable for use in harsh environments where airborne contaminants are present. As such, its combination of properties make it an excellent material choice for electronics connectors.
Cost-Effectiveness
The cost-effectiveness of bronze in electronics connectors is another major advantage. Bronze offers cost optimization because it is relatively inexpensive compared to other metals such as silver or gold. Additionally, the installation ease of connectors made from bronze is quite high; as a result, installation times are often shorter and require fewer labor costs.
The benefits of bronze in this application are further enhanced when considered in terms of their:
• Durability: Bronze is much more resistant to wear-and-tear than other materials, meaning that a single set of connectors can last for years without requiring replacement.
• Cost: As mentioned previously, bronze has a lower upfront cost than many alternative metals, which helps to keep overall expenses down.
• Conductivity: Bronze has excellent electrical conductivity properties, making it well suited for use in electronics applications.
• Versatility: Due to its strength and malleability, bronze can be used in a wide variety of electronics projects.
In addition to its cost-effectiveness and installation ease, these features make bronze one of the most attractive options for use in electronic connectors. Its durability makes it an ideal choice for long-term projects, while its low cost and versatility ensure that it can be used in virtually any application where electronic connectors are needed.
Compatibility With Other Materials
One benefit of using bronze in electronics connectors is its compatibility with other materials. Tests have shown that when two different metals are connected for long periods of time, bronze has been found to be an ideal choice due to its advantageous mechanical properties and contact force.
Studies have revealed that when used correctly, bronze connectors have a higher level of resistance to corrosion than other metals such as copper or aluminum. This makes them a more reliable option for maintaining connections over longer periods of time.
Bronze connectors also offer superior electrical conductivity and better flexibility than other materials, making them more suitable for complex applications. In addition, they provide greater resilience and durability thanks to their high tensile strength and impact resistance, which makes them an excellent choice for vibration-sensitive components.
All these features make bronze an ideal material for use in connector applications, especially in harsh environments where frequent shocks or vibrations may occur.
Versatility Of Design
Versatility Of Design
Bronze's compatibility with other materials and its superior flexibility make it an ideal choice for electronics connectors. This versatile material can be used to create a variety of designs, which offer increased reliability in terms of connection and contact-surface integrity. Its malleability allows for intricate designs that result in improved strength and high-performance connections.
Bronze is also able to absorb vibration and shock better than other materials, making it the obvious choice for applications that require durability and long life cycles. Furthermore, bronze has superior electrical conductivity compared to other metals, thus providing efficient power transfer in electronic devices. The combination of these features makes bronze the most reliable option for electronic connectors.
The versatility of design offered by bronze makes it suitable for a wide range of applications in the electronics industry. It can be used to create miniature connectors with precise dimensions, as well as larger components with complex shapes. In addition, its flexibility allows for easy installation and maintenance, ensuring that repair costs are kept to a minimum.
Moreover, due to its corrosion resistance properties, bronze can be used in environments where exposure to extreme temperatures or chemicals is likely. All these features combine to make bronze an ideal material for electronics connectors that can provide reliable performance over long periods of time with minimal maintenance requirements.
Low Maintenance Requirements
Bronze has a number of advantages when used in electronics connectors.
First, bronze is easy to install and does not require a lot of maintenance which reduces the time it takes for installation and set up.
It is strong, yet malleable, making it easier to fit into tight spaces. This minimizes the risk of damage during installation.
It requires minimal wear due to its corrosion resistance properties, meaning it will last longer with fewer replacements being needed over time. Its durability also makes it more reliable in harsh environments as well as long-term use applications.
The use of bronze in electronics connectors is beneficial as it offers an easy and low-maintenance solution that can be trusted to provide efficient results for years to come. Additionally, its corrosion resistant properties allow for long-term reliability which makes it an ideal choice for any application where durability is paramount.
Lightweight
An important advantage of bronze in electronics connectors is its low maintenance requirements.
Additionally, this material offers a significant cost reduction when compared to other materials. This cost savings makes it attractive for use in a wide range of design applications.
Design flexibility is also increased with the use of bronze as it can be used to create components with varying sizes and shapes.
It is also lightweight, making it easier to handle during assembly processes compared to heavier metals such as steel or aluminum. This can result in an overall reduction in labor costs and time needed for the production process.
Furthermore, due to its low thermal conductivity, heat buildup within the connector can be minimized, thus enhancing the performance and reliability of the device over time.
Environmental Friendliness
Environmental Friendliness
'When one door closes, another opens' - this adage perfectly encapsulates the environmental friendliness of bronze in electronics connectors.
Bronze is a recyclable material that can be reused for various purposes and has excellent recycling potential. It is also an energy-efficient material with numerous applications in electrical production.
The following are some key points that highlight why bronze is an environmentally friendly choice for electronics connectors:
• Its recyclability allows for cost-effective reuse and helps reduce demand for new materials.
• It is a highly efficient material and requires minimal energy to produce.
• Its use can help reduce the amount of waste generated during the production of electronic components.
Bronze’s environmental friendliness makes it an attractive choice when selecting materials to use in electronic connectors as it can benefit both the environment and production costs by reducing waste, conserving resources, and increasing efficiency.
Conclusion
Bronze has proven itself to be an invaluable material in the development of electronics connectors.
Its durability, electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, heat dispersion, cost-effectiveness and versatility of design make it a preferred choice for many applications.
Additionally, its low maintenance requirements, lightweight construction and environmental friendliness provide further incentive for its use.
All in all, bronze is a material that offers numerous advantages that render it indispensable for various electronic connectors.
Like a golden thread woven into the fabric of the electronics industry, bronze provides strength and stability in even the most challenging environments. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Reviewing the concept
A quick search will tell you that implicit conversions are pretty awful for performance, and in particular drive CPU usage. That’s not news. There is an aspect of this I think a lot of engineers don’t understand; why does it cause performance issues?
An implicit conversion occurs when you try to compare between or assign data across two different data types, without converting one yourself. If you used a CAST or CONVERT, it would be an explicit conversion. When SQL Server does it for you, it’s an implicit conversion, and these can have a real impact on your execution plans. Not all combinations of types can be converted implicitly, for a full list look here.
So let’s look at an example based on WideWorldImporters:
--CREATE INDEX IX_Sales_OrderLines_Description ON Sales.OrderLines(Description);
SELECT sol.OrderLineID, sol.Description
FROM Sales.OrderLines sol
WHERE sol.Description = 'Plush shark slippers (Gray) XL'
The Description column is an nvarchar type, but I’m comparing it to a string that is non-unicode. And for the sake of this example, I did create an index on this column.
And we see an implicit conversion. In this case, the optimizer converted our string to a nvarchar(4000) type to match the Description column. But in this case, the implicit conversion isn’t going to cause a problem. Converting one value isn’t that expensive; you can confirm that from the ~0.025 cost for this operation. We even used the index on the column.
The real problem comes when SQL Server converts the column to match the variable.
Reproducing the issue
I’ve seen implicit conversions many times, and have one example in my head I recall very clearly. So I was fairly astonished when I tried to reproduce this using WideWorldImporters. SQL Server tries very hard to convert the parameter or literal, rather than the column. It’s quite difficult to get it behave badly, in part because of the data types chosen for the tables.
Microsoft’s documentation on data type precedence indicates that SQL Server will convert from one type to another based on the priority in the chart; but I have an example that seems to counter this.
DECLARE @dec decimal(18,2) = 27.0;
SELECT
sol.OrderLineID, sol.Quantity
FROM Sales.OrderLines sol
WHERE
sol.Quantity = @dec;
The Quantity column is a int, which has a lower priority than our decimal type variable. So according to the chart, the column should be converted, meaning every value on every row; more on that later.
But looking at the plan, we don’t convert the Quantity column. Instead there is a scalar operator on the variable that appears to be obscuring the underlying conversion:
So, the behavior here doesn’t match expectations. In my testing, all the int\decimal\money types worked similarly, and the optimizer would convert the variable. One takeaway I had from writing this is that implicit conversion occur much more often than I thought, but SQL Server is smart enough to convert the variable unless it has no choice. You likely wouldn’t see the many plans that convert the column, because they aren’t causing a performance problem. Instead, you’ll see and remember the one that caused a massive issue.
another angle
An easy example would be to compare a varchar column to an nvarchar variable. This forces SQL Server’s hand, only in one direction. SQL can easily convert any varchar to an nvarchar, but the opposite is more problematic. If your nvarchar string contains kanji or something else that can’t be represented with a varchar string, the operation would fail. So, SQL Server would rather convert the varchar, even if that means converting a column.
Note, I had to change databases here, because there are no varchar columns in WideWorldImporters (thus preventing this convert).
USE AdventureWorks2014
GO
DECLARE @AcctNum NVARCHAR(20) = N'AW00000146';
SELECT
cus.AccountNumber
FROM Sales.Customer cus
WHERE cus.AccountNumber = @AcctNum;
--CREATE INDEX IX_Customer_AccountNumber ON dbo.Customer(AccountNumber);
--DROP INDEX IX_Customer_AccountNumber ON dbo.Customer;
Even though I’ve created an index on the AccountNumber column, this results in a scan.
Usually I’ve seen the CONVERT_IMPLICIT on the scan operator itself, but here we see it as part of the filter. The query only returns 1 row, but we read all 19820 rows on the table to fulfill this. Image the effect if this table had 10 million rows.
Why the Table Scan?
Reasonable question. SQL Server doesn’t really have a choice. The index is built on the AccountNumber, not the output of this function call:
CONVERT_IMPLICIT(nvarchar(10),[AdventureWorks2014].[Sales].[Customer].[AccountNumber] as [cus].[AccountNumber],0)
So, SQL Server can’t search the index for this information; it’s not in the index. And SQL Server can’t really predict what the output of the function will be before it has converted the data, so it has to look at every AccountNumber value, convert it, then compare. The most expensive part isn’t the convert itself, but the table scan it forces.
So, pay attention to your data types when writing procedures and queries to avoid these issues. The effect of an implicit conversion on a column is much more pronounced the larger the table is, and it can easily drive your CPU to 100%.
Hidden Implicit Conversions
One of my attempts to create an implicit conversion worked, but didn’t show it clearly in the plan. I tried the following example using the sql_variant type:
DECLARE @svar sql_variant = 90.1;
SELECT
sol.OrderLineID, sol.UnitPrice
FROM Sales.OrderLines sol
WHERE
sol.UnitPrice = @svar;
The plan is similar to the last one, but we don’t see the CONVERT_IMPLICIT when we mouseover any of the three operators.
However, if you hit F4 and examine the Compute Scalar operator, you can see the definition of expression Expr1001 in the Properties window.
This clearly shows the column being converted, But it’s odd to need to do this to see the convert.
This would be a good time to refer to a bit of brilliance Jonathan Kehayias posted quite some time ago. This script will allow you to see any implicit conversions on columns in the plan cache, along with the statement, plan, and other relevant details. This can be useful in a number of cases, but especially when the operation is hidden as in this example.
Also, Any Other Function CALL
This post is primarily about understanding how implicit conversions work and why the occur, but it bears mentioning that basically any function call wrapping a column you want to search on will work the same way.
For example, using SUBSTRING on AccountNumber gives largely the same result:
SELECT
cus.AccountNumber
FROM Sales.Customer cus
WHERE
SUBSTRING(cus.AccountNumber,7,4) = '0146';
If you need to use a function call in your WHERE, hopefully you have another clause that can do the majority of your filtering.
Happy New Year
Hope you had a great holiday season! I’ll keep up the posting going forward, so check back in, and reach out if you have any questions I can help answer.
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All About Us (musical)
All About Us is a musical with a book by Joseph Stein, lyrics by Fred Ebb, and music by John Kander. The musical has been produced in regional theatres but not in New York City.
Based on Thornton Wilder's Pulitzer Prize-winning classic comedy The Skin of Our Teeth, the prehistoric Antrobus family and their maid deal with life's trials and tribulations, including the Ice Age, a great flood, and a devastating war as they traverse the centuries in a testament to human will and resilience.
Synopsis
Mr. Antrobus, head of the First Family of Man, his wife Maggie, their son Henry, daughter Gladys and their attractive maid, Sabina, face the hardships of the prehistoric time, and the impending Ice Age. The Woolly Mammoths attend the Mammoth Convention in Atlantic City. Sabina enters the beauty contest at the convention ("World Peace"). The Fortune Teller Esmeralda predicts the coming doom ("Rain"). As the actors break the actors' fourth-wall by speaking directly to the audience, the frustrated stage manager tries to keep the show together ("Who's the Equity Deputy on this show?"). Finally a world war breaks out and Henry, the leader of the opposition, confronts his father, while in the end, Sabina goes to the movies during a break in the raging catastrophe ("At the Rialto").
Songs (2007)
* "Eat The Ice Cream"
* "Sabina!"
* "A Telegram"
* "We're Home"
* "The Wheel"
* "Warm"
* "A Whole Lot Of Lovin'!"
* "When Poppa Comes Home"
* "Save The Human Race"
* "A Discussion"
* "Rain"
* "Beauty Pageant"
* "World Peace"
* "He Always Comes To Me"
* "You Owe It To Yourself"
* "Nice People"
* "The Promise"
* "Military Man"
* "Lullaby"
* "Another Telegram"
* "The Skin Of Our Teeth"
* "At The Rialto"
Productions and background
Several readings and workshops were held, including in summer 1996 with Debra Monk, James Naughton and Bernadette Peters; and in June 1998 with Monk and David Garrison as Mr. and Mrs. Antrobus, Michele Pawk as Sabina and Carol Woods as the fortune teller.
Originally titled Over and Over, the musical premiered in January and February 1999 at the Signature Theatre in Arlington, Virginia. The cast featured Dorothy Loudon as LuLu Shriner, David Garrison, Mario Cantone and Linda Emond as Mrs. Antrobus. Sherie Rene Scott replaced Bebe Neuwirth shortly before the opening in the role of Sabina. That role had been done by Bernadette Peters at a first reading. Chip Crews, feature writer for The Washington Post observed: "It's a little hard to imagine Neuwirth as Sabina. Remember, for that first reading, the team used Bernadette Peters in the role, and Kander says she was terrific. There may be parts in which both actresses would score, but not many."
Critical reception was lukewarm, and the creative team reworked it in a number of workshop productions, at one point reverting to Wilder's original title, but never felt it was ready for Broadway. Following Ebb's death in 2004, the project was abandoned.
According to writer Joseph Stein, the production at the Signature Theatre "...just didn't work properly...I made a lot of changes, and the third act of the play practically doesn't exist in the musical. Basically, the line of the play, we have kept. And the three major characters we have kept intact. We made the changes that will improve it for a contemporary audience."
A reading of a revamped version, rechristened All About Us, was held on January 17, 2006, in New York City, with Eartha Kitt and Karen Ziemba among the participants. The Westport Country Playhouse presented a full staging directed by Gabriel Barre and choreographed by Christopher Gattelli, with Kitt as Esmeralda, Cady Huffman as Sabina, and Shuler Hensley as Mr. Antrobus from April 10 to 28, 2007.
Critical reaction
In her review in The New York Times, Sylviane Gold praised Kitt, "Is there anything that can't be saved by Eartha Kitt? She's demonstrating that there is indeed a good reason for All About Us", but said of the show "[it] never achieves the critical mass that transforms a collection of discrete numbers into an all-embracing universe."
In his review for Variety, Frank Rizzo said that "A lot of work still has to be done," noting that "What seems most lacking is the kind of opener that might place the show in a wilder Wilder world, embracing the writer's deconstructionism and epic themes with joyous abandon. There's nothing here to prep the audience for the show's strange musical journey. One longs for a Kander and Ebb number that would pull it all together before setting things loose in the story's crazy, loving way. Similarly absent is a closing number that's more of a wow than a wink."
The theatre critic for TheaterMania.com, David Finkle, said in his review, "Kander is reportedly committed to having every show that he and his late songwriting partner completed brought to the stage. He was right to press for the recently opened and entertaining Broadway musical Curtains, but this time, the bigger favor would perhaps have been to keep the trunk lid firmly shut." | WIKI |
Joint centrality distinguishes optimal leaders in noisy networks
Katherine Fitch and Naomi Ehrich Leonard
(2016), IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 366-378
Paper PDF
Paper at IEEE Xplore
We study the performance of a network of agents tasked with tracking an external unknown signal in the presence of stochastic disturbances and under the condition that only a limited subset of agents, known as leaders, can measure the signal directly. We investigate the optimal leader selection problem for a prescribed maximum number of leaders, where the optimal leader set minimizes total system error dened as steady-state variance about the external signal. In contrast to previously established greedy algorithms for optimal leader selection, our results rely on an expression of total system error in terms of properties of the underlying network graph. We demonstrate that the performance of any given set of noise-free leaders depends on their inuence as determined by a new graph measure of centrality of a set. We dene the joint centrality of a set of nodes in a network graph such that a noise-free leader set with maximal joint centrality is an optimal leader set. In the case of a single leader, we prove that the optimal leader is the node with maximal information centrality for both the noise-corrupted and noise-free leader cases. In the case of multiple leaders, we show that the nodes in the optimal noise-free leader set balance high information centrality with a coverage of the graph. For special cases of graphs, we solve explicitly for optimal leader sets. We illustrate with examples.
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The effects that are usually associated with the consumption and use of the marijuana products such as that of full spectrum cbd oil Canada are not all bad as people perceive it to as Marijuana can make you to have a good sensation. Whenever the tetrahyrdocannabinoid (THC), is a cannabinoid (CBD) compound present in the marijuana drug hits your brain cell, it usually causes the brain cells to release a chemical compound referred to as dopamine, which is a feel-good brain chemical.
This is typically a part of the reward system of the brain, which will make you to feel good whenever you are doing things that will most certainly ensure the survival of both your offspring and of yourself as well. These things basically include having sex and eating. Whenever you are over-excited by drugs, the reward system of your brain usually ends up creating a feeling of euphoria.
Below are some of the positive effects that are usually associated with the use of Marijuana that you most certainly should know of. The reason is due to the fact that it will ensure that you enjoy smoking your pot as people telling you all about the negative effect of marijuana will most definitely make it hard for you to enjoy your cannabis smoking session. The other reason is if perhaps you are not smoking the marijuana products such as that of full spectrum cbd oil Canada you will most certainly know these positive effects of smoking marijuana you are missing out on.
The first positive effect of smoking marijuana is perhaps got to be that it usually controls the occurrence of the epileptic seizures and in some case it even ends up stopping them. This basically means that it is pretty much capable of being used as a treatment measure. De Lorenzo Robert James, who is a professor at the Common Wealth University in Virginia, was able to give the extracts of Marijuana and also the synthetic cannabis to the rats that had epileptic issues so that he can be able to test this issue.
The marijuana drugs did help get rid of the seizures that the rats were experiencing for duration of about 10 hours. The Cannabinoids like the active ingredients in the cannabis such as the tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), usually controls the epileptic seizures through binding to the brain cells which are usually responsible for regulating relaxation and controlling excitability.
The other positive effect of marijuana is that it is pretty much capable of being used as a treatment measure of treating the inflammatory bowel diseases. The patients who typically have the inflammatory bowel diseases such as the ulcerative colitis and the Crohn’s disease could most probably be able to benefit from the use and consumption of marijuana products such as that of full spectrum cbd oil Canada. This was all suggested by the scientist and researchers of the University Of Nottingham who in the year of 20101 were able to find chemical compound such as Cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) were able to treat the inflammatory diseases. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Talk:Kroměříž Castle
Castle x Château
I am not sure, whether it can be called "castle" in English. I think that castle is always fortified. Therefore I suggest renaming it to "château". Jan.Kamenicek 10:06, 22 May 2006 (UTC)
* It occured to me that castle is not the best appellation for such structures as Litomysl, Mir, or Nezvizh. The word Château is certainly more adequate but it seems to be rarely used in the context of Central Europe, where castle is a conventional tradition of German "schloss". Check the World Heritage Website, for instance. If you think it is really appropriate, I'll gladly move the article to Château of Kroměříž. -- Ghirla -трёп- 10:45, 22 May 2006 (UTC)
* In Czech language the two structures are distinguished as well. There is "hrad" for a fortified castle and "zámek" for an unfortified representative seat of a member of aristocracy. The Kroměříž building is called "zámek" as well, and therefore I thought it would be more appropriate to rename it.
* I think the problem is that buildings of this sort are not very common in Britain and therefore the British are not used to use the word "château", which is of French origin.
* The British are weird. They prefer such vague words as "manor" or "stately home". -- Ghirla -трёп- 11:55, 22 May 2006 (UTC)
* The official Internet pages of this Kroměříž building use the word "chateau" in the title, but continue with "castle" in the text. So I really do not know, which could be better, although I personally would prefer "Kroměříž Château", with the "Kroměříž Castle" as a redirect.
* It could also be interesting to ask a native English-speaking expert for an opinion. Jan.Kamenicek 11:47, 22 May 2006 (UTC)
* Wikipedia displays a "Palace of Versailles"—with a Talkpage where that usage is defended even after the gaffe is pointed out; so anything is possible at Wikipedia. The Central European architectural type of which Kroměříž is an example is an episcopal Residenz— except that all German words are taboo in popularist Slavic contexts. As the official residence of a bishop, in England it would correctly be "palace". In the UK, once a castle, always a castle, seems to be the non-rule—even when all trace of fortification is razed for pleasure grounds. The English never seem to use "manor house" as Americans do, but "House" or "Hall": a farm tenant is on his way to do seasonal business at the "Hall", not the "Manor." A chateau in the course of time gathers a village round its entrance; it is never built in an existing village, though it may be elaborately enlarged. Hrad is familiar to the Anglo ear: zámek remains unfamiliar in English. "Stately home" is no more than non-U for "country house".
* In the present case, where the building has a front on a square and a back on a parterre garden, there is no fully acceptable substitute for Kroměříž Residenz, which would offend sensibilities. Kroměříž Castle is too awkward. How about Kroměříž Zámek. Or is the structure's context too urban? The best English would be Kroměříž Bishop's Palace. --Wetman 13:48, 22 May 2006 (UTC)
* Yes, I agree, this is probably the most acceptable translation. Just in case somebody wanted to find "Kroměříž Chateau", I will make a redirect. Jan.Kamenicek 18:20, 22 May 2006 (UTC)
What is "Pleasure Garden"?
I was working in Kromeriz for 10 years, been everywhere, seen everything :-) - but what is "Pleasure Garden"? There are TWO gardens associated with Castle - one directly under the Castle is called "Podzamecka zahrada" (English park style) and the one sligtly away from castle, on the higher grounds (therefore not damaged by recent floods) is called "Kvetna zahrada" and is in distinctly French "Versailles" style. When writing about those things, put more trust in people who were there and actually seen it. I never was in Tibet = therefore I do not write about Tibet. :-) Ross.Hedvicek 16:25, 22 May 2006 (UTC)
* English version of oficial site: Archepiscopal Chateau and the Gardens of Kroměříž. Here are Two Gardens and relatively wide apart. Cinik 05:48, 9 July 2006 (UTC)
* Thank you for proof that it is FLOWER GARDEN, not a Pleasure Garden. Ross.Hedvicek 16:14, 9 July 2006 (UTC)
In Czech it is called "Květná zahrada" while in German it is "Lustgarten". Because there is probably no English name, a translation is necessary. I personally would prefer "Flower Garden" as a translation of the Czech name, because it is a garden in the Czech Republic. "Pleasure Garden" would be more acceptable to me only if there was some evidence of a longer tradition of using this name, similarly to the long tradition of using the name "Lustgarten" in German. The official site of the palace uses the translation "Flower Garden", too. Jan.Kamenicek 18:15, 11 July 2006 (UTC)
Renaissance detail in 1497
"...bishop Stanislas Thurzo in 1497. The building was in a Late Gothic style, with a modicum of Renaissance detail." The presence even of a modicum of Renaissance detail in 1497 is an extraordinary fact that needs to be made more clear. --Wetman 20:11, 9 July 2006 (UTC)
* I don't think it's extraordinary, given that the Palace of Facets and Archangel Cathedral were built by Italian masters as far east as Moscow at about the same time. The article says: "The first residence on the spot was founded by bishop Stanislas Thurzo in 1497. The building was in a Late Gothic style, with a modicum of Renaissance detail." Does it follow from this that Renaissance detailing dates back to 1493? I think not. The reference I provided says: "In 1497 the wealthy and well connected Stanislav Thurzo became Bishop of Olomouc. He set about reconstructing and modernizing his castle at Kromeríz. At first this work was carried out using the Late Gothic style of the period, but Renaissance elements began to filter in as the work progressed". -- Ghirla -трёп- 14:24, 10 July 2006 (UTC) | WIKI |
Page:Sacred Books of the Buddhists Vol 1.djvu/329
the month of flowers had decorated the suburban parks. The young offshoots of shrubs and trees overspread them with a soft brilliancy; the opening flowers gave them a charming and laughing aspect; fresh grass-plots, like smooth woollen carpets, extended all around over their grounds; their water-basins with unstained and blue water were covered with the petals of lotuses white and blue; the humming noise of numbers of roaming bees was heard in them; crowds of bold cuckoos and peacocks showed themselves; and breezes, agreeable by their mildness, fragrancy, and coolness, blew over them. The splendour of those gardens roused gladness in the minds of men. So the High-minded One, walking about escorted by a small body of guards, went out to one of those pleasure-grounds in order to divert himself.
4. Its groves resounded with the chants of the hecuckoo; its various trees were bending under the weight of their flowers; and the grace of the gardens was enhanced by their charming arbours, artfully arranged. Rambling through his groves in the company of his wives, he resembled one enjoying the fruit of his merit in Nandana.
5. There he delighted in the songs of the females blending with the soft tones of musical instruments, in their dances charmingly executed with exciting coquetry and graceful gesticulation, in their brilliant amorous play in consequence of their excitement by liquors, but no less in the loveliness of the forest.
Now, while he was staying there, a certain Brâhman who professed to be a speaker of well-said sentences, called on him. After being received with due respect, he sat down in that place, absorbed in the contemplation of the prince's beautiful figure. So the Great Being, though he was enjoying at that time the sport allowed to his age and fallen to his share as the effect of the power of his rich store of merit, | WIKI |
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Re^11: RFC: Proposed tutorial - simple login script using CGI::Application
by scorpio17 (Canon)
on Jan 22, 2016 at 16:08 UTC ( [id://1153380] : note . print w/replies, xml ) Need Help??
in reply to Re^10: RFC: Proposed tutorial - simple login script using CGI::Application
in thread RFC: Proposed tutorial - simple login script using CGI::Application
Probably the easiest way to make your vpage.cgi script password protected is to create a new runmode (to do this by modifying the demo, you would add a new sub in the file Simple.pm, use either 'private' or 'private2' as examples for this. Copy the guts of your original script into the body of this new run mode. You'll also need to create a template file to work with HTML template, for the output.
An alternative (maybe a bit more complicated), is to modify your original script so that it is a package (like my Simple.pm file, but you might call this one VPage.pm - name doesn't matter. It will look something like this:
package MyLib::VPage; use strict; use lib '/var/www/cgi-bin/WebApp/libs'; use base 'MyLib::Login'; sub cgiapp_init { my $self = shift; $self->SUPER::cgiapp_init; $self->authen->protected_runmodes( 'myrunmode', ); } sub myrunmode: StartRunmode { my $self = shift; my $template = $self->load_tmpl("myrunmode.html"); ### guts of old vpage.cgi go in here $template->param({ OUPUT => $output; # your output goes in here... }); return $template->output; } 1;
To invoke this, you'll need an app file like this:
#!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use lib '/var/www/cgi-bin/WebApp/libs'; use MyLib::VPage; my $webapp = MyLib::VPage->new( PARAMS => { cfg_file => ['simple.ini', 'vpage.ini'], format => 'equal', }, ); $webapp->run();
The "use base MyLib::Login" line in VPage.pm makes VPage inherit the login logic. The vpage.ini file is optional - use it if you need to define parameters for the new run mode (or else, lump them into simple.ini).
I hope that helps. Good luck.
Replies are listed 'Best First'.
Re^12: RFC: Proposed tutorial - simple login script using CGI::Application
by Anonymous Monk on Jan 25, 2016 at 09:50 UTC
Hi, Thanks for your suggestion and time. I tried the method and Unfortunately it does not working. The browser getting “The server encountered an internal error or misconfiguration and was unable to complete your request” and apache log file show below error.
syntax error at /var/www/cgi-bin/WebApp/libs/libs/MyLib/VPage.pm line +24, near "}" BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted at /var/www/cgi-bin/W +ebApp/libs/libs/MyLib/VPage.pm line 24. Compilation failed in require at /var/www/cgi-bin/WebApp/libs/vpage.pl + line 4. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /var/www/cgi-bin/WebApp/libs/vpag +e.pl line 4. Premature end of script headers: vpage.pl
And I’m not sure, what has to define in the “myrunmode.html” file as well.
sub myrunmode: StartRunmode { my $self = shift; my $template = $self->load_tmpl("myrunmode.html"); ### guts of old vpage.cgi go in here my $output="<b> Testing page</br>"; $template->param({ OUPUT => $output; # your output goes in here... }); return $template->output; }
Please let me know if you any suggestion on this, Thanks in advance! Struggling here for last couple of days.
I've edited your node and formatted the error message and the Perl code by adding <code>...</code> tags around them. Please use these to properly format your posts.
You don't show all of the relevant code, but it seems that you have a syntax error somewhere in VPage.pm on line 24 or before that. I suggest using an editor that can show matching braces to show where you forgot to add a brace or parenthesis.
Finding and fixing syntax errors is a basic skill that is needed for various programming languages. I recommend that you learn it.
If you cannot make any progress in finding the syntax error in VPage.pm, I suggest removing whole subroutines from it until VPage.pm compiles again. Use perl -wc /var/www/cgi-bin/WebApp/libs/libs/MyLib/VPage.pm to test for compilation errors without a web server. The last subroutine you removed is the one containing the syntax error.
Thanks for your inputs, I have updated the relevant code .
perl -wc VPage.pm
VPage.pm syntax OK
VPage.pm file and using same Login.pm package MyLib::VPage; use strict; use lib '/var/www/cgi-bin/WebApp/libs'; use base 'MyLib::Login'; sub cgiapp_init { my $self = shift; $self->SUPER::cgiapp_init; $self->authen->protected_runmodes( 'myrunmode', ); } sub myrunmode: StartRunmode { my $self = shift; my $template = $self->load_tmpl("myrunmode.html"); ### guts of old vpage.cgi go in here print "Testing after login success"; # im doing lot of process with +CGI and perl script $template->param({ OUPUT => $output, # your output goes in here... }); return $template->output; } 1;
vpage.pl - file #!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use lib '/var/www/cgi-bin/WebApp/libs'; use MyLib::VPage; my $webapp = MyLib::VPage->new( PARAMS => { cfg_file => ['simple.ini', 'vpage.ini'], format => 'equal', }, ); $webapp->run(); | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Understanding Pre-Diabetes: A Comprehensive Guide
Pre-diabetes is a problem defined by higher-than-normal blood glucose levels that are not yet considered to be in the diabetic person variety. It is an advising indication that suggests an increased threat of establishing type 2 diabetes mellitus in the future. Without correct intervention, pre-diabetes can advance to full-blown diabetes, a persistent as well as potentially deadly condition.
It is estimated that over 84 million grownups in the United States have pre-diabetes, and the numbers remain to rise. Nonetheless, fortunately is that pre-diabetes is a relatively easy to fix condition, and with the appropriate activities, it can frequently be stopped from progressing to diabetes.
Root causes of Pre-Diabetes
Pre-diabetes is mainly caused by a mix of genetic as well as way of life elements. Individuals with a family members background of diabetes mellitus, overweight or obesity, sedentary lifestyles, poor nutritional practices, and specific ethnic histories (such as African American, Hispanic/Latino, Indigenous American, hairex peru inkafarma or Asian American) are at a greater risk of creating pre-diabetes.
When it involves genes, some people are extra predisposed to insulin resistance, a condition in which the body’s cells come to be much less responsive to the hormonal agent insulin. Insulin is in charge of controling blood sugar level degrees, so when the cells become resistant, glucose develops in the bloodstream, leading to prediabetic or diabetic person problems.
Way of living factors also play a critical function. Absence of exercise, a harmful diet high in sugar as well as saturated fats, extreme weight gain, as well as stress and anxiety can all add to the growth of pre-diabetes.
Signs and symptoms of Pre-Diabetes
Unlike diabetes, pre-diabetes might not display any kind of visible symptoms. Nonetheless, some individuals might experience moderate signs such as raised thirst, constant peeing, fatigue, and blurred vision. These signs and symptoms are usually ignored or attributed to various other reasons, making regular screenings as well as examinations important in spotting pre-diabetes.
Doctor use 2 typical examinations to diagnose pre-diabetes:
• Fasting Plasma Sugar (FPG) Test: This examination determines blood sugar levels after fasting for at the very least eight hrs. An outcome between 100-125 mg/dL suggests pre-diabetes.
• Dental Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): After not eating, a glucose-rich beverage is eaten, and blood sugar level levels are determined 2 hours later on. A result between 140-199 mg/dL indicates pre-diabetes.
If you have risk factors for pre-diabetes, it is essential to consult your doctor as well as obtain examined frequently to capture the condition early and also take essential steps to avoid its progression.
Complications and Risks
While pre-diabetes itself might not trigger noticeable complications, it substantially raises the threat of creating type 2 diabetes mellitus within the following 5-10 years. In addition, people with pre-diabetes are more likely to experience various other health problems, including:
• Heart disease, such as heart attacks as well as strokes
• High blood pressure
• High cholesterol
• Excessive weight
• Gestational diabetes while pregnant
• Polycystic ovary disorder (PCOS)
In addition, the long-term problems of diabetes, such as nerve damages, kidney disease, vision loss, as well as an increased danger of infections, are likewise prospective risks for those with pre-diabetes if it progresses to diabetes mellitus.
Prevention and Monitoring
The bright side is that pre-diabetes can usually be turned around or dramatically delayed with lifestyle modifications. Taking proactive actions to take care of pre-diabetes not just lowers the risk of developing diabetes but likewise boosts general health and wellness and wellness.
1. Healthy Consuming: Adopting a well balanced diet abundant in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, as well as healthy fats is crucial. Reduce the intake of processed foods, sweet beverages, as well as foods high in hydrogenated fats and also trans fats.
2. Normal Exercise: Participate in a minimum of 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity, such as quick walking, swimming, or cycling, weekly. Furthermore, include strength tonerin kapseln kaufen training workouts at least twice a week to construct muscular tissue mass as well as boost insulin level of sensitivity.
3. Weight Monitoring: Aim for a healthy weight by maintaining a calorie equilibrium through a combination of exercise as well as a nourishing diet plan. Even a small weight-loss of 5-7% can significantly minimize the danger of creating diabetic issues.
4. Tension Decrease: Persistent anxiety can influence blood sugar levels. Practice stress and anxiety management strategies such as reflection, deep breathing exercises, yoga, or engaging in leisure activities as well as activities that bring joy as well as leisure.
5. Normal Check-ups: Set up normal testings as well as examinations with your healthcare provider to monitor your blood sugar level levels and also overall health and wellness. They can supply advice, support, as well as drug if needed.
Conclusion
Pre-diabetes is a warning sign that need to not be overlooked. By acknowledging the risk factors, comprehending the signs, as well as executing the required way of life adjustments, pre-diabetes can commonly be turned around, avoiding the start of type 2 diabetes mellitus and also its linked difficulties. Remain proactive, prioritize your wellness, and job carefully with your doctor to manage as well as prevent pre-diabetes properly.
Author
whoami imKing | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
History of Education
The learned men of ancient times, by default became the teachers. Priests and prophets taught children of the wealthy and noble, the skills to take up their roles as leaders and businessmen.
The priests’ position was elevated above many strata of society, and they were treated accordingly for their knowledge, and wisdom.
One of the most learned men of all time, Confucius, became the first private teacher in history.
Because all the teachers were government officials, there was no way around the State policy. He solved it by going to work for a nobleman, whom he could accompany on his extensive travels.
Such was his reputation, people sought him out to teach their sons. Confucius took any student eager to learn, and with the regular subjects, imparted his personal wisdoms for developing responsibility and moral character through discipline.
In ancient Greece, long acknowledged as the seat of philosophy and wisdom, the value of educating their children was recognized very early on, with some households engaging their own teacher.
Learned men, continued to impart wisdom on into the first years of Christianity, including the scribes in the Bible, who were often men that taught law as well. Through the first centuries A.D. Roman families often had educated slaves to teach their children, some of which were captives from other countries.
Education in the modern world tended to be a “hit and miss” proposition until the Middle Ages, when the Roman Catholic Church took charge of teaching the sons of nobility, entrusting that charge to monasteries or specially designated learning “centres.” Many of these centres evolved into the distinguished learning institutions of today, including Cambridge University, whose first college was St. Peter’s, founded in 1284. The 17th and 18th centuries saw the greatest growth in education for more than the privileged, and also a dramatic rise in the training of teachers, and propounding of educational theories.
Education in America took root with the landing of the Pilgrims in the early 1600s.
Read the whole article about the History of Education | FINEWEB-EDU |
A prescription for oral cannabidiol (CBD) supplement is currently considered to be an effective anti-intoxication drug. It has been proven to be safe and effective in treating seizures and is believed to help in the management of mood swings linked to depression and anxiety. However, there is more to this medication than is apparent to the naked eye. CBD is a natural plant-based chemical that is found in cannabis. Its most common derivative is the CBD oil which is extracted from the cannabis plant.
CBD with high levels, also known as pot, can be powerful anti-psychotics, relaxants for muscles, and sedatives. It is used to treat a range of conditions, including spasticity sleepiness, muscle relaxation, nausea, bronchial and airway problems, seizures, anxiety, and depression. Initial reports on the medical advantages of CBD were issued by the United States Army Medical Researchigs Laboratory and France. A number of international clinical trials are currently in progress and CBD is being studied for the possibility of treating children with psychoses, autism, or cerebral palsy.
CBD is not associated with any known adverse effects at this time. However, some users have experienced nausea from taking the supplement. Cannabidiol can be seen as an alternative to current treatments for a wide range of diseases and conditions. It is legal to sell CBD under the terms “clonazepam” or “bathtub dilate’ or “bath salts” in certain countries which includes the United States. Many who purchase CBD aren’t aware of the potential benefits or the risks associated with the substance and aren’t aware of the legality.
The primary distinction between CBD and THC is that CBD does not produce any negative side effects that are associated with cannabis usage. Additionally, CBD has no known impact on blood pressure, heart rate or body temperature. It isn’t feasible to inhale CBD like cannabis, which means it is not as harmful as THC. Some evidence suggests that CBD may provide benefits for memory loss. However, this remains to be verified. There is also a possibility that prolonged use of cannabidiol could cause schizophrenia which is a condition that has no evidence to support its existence in patients.
L-theanine, a chemical that is that is similar to CBD and THC, has been discovered. L-theanine is an amino acid that is produced by the Larginine gene, is believed to be equally effective in treating schizophrenia than CBD. L-theanine is thought to work through the removal of glutamate receptors from the glial cells (cells which make glial cells). Glutamate is thought to cause schizophrenia symptoms through the disruption of neurotransmission that is excitatory. By removing the glutamate “receptors” L-theanine can be believed to reduce the symptoms of schizophrenia.
In addition to reducing glutamate, L-theanine is thought to reduce the activity of what’s called “GABA” (gamma-aminobutyric acid) in the brain. In the absence of GABA, or without GABA, the levels of “acetylcholine” are believed to rise. Acetylcholine is thought to play an important role for sufferers of MS in controlling anxiety and sleep. Clinical trials are underway to investigate the effects of L theanine on anxiety and other signs. The results of these studies will provide insight into whether L-theanine is a suitable addition to the treatment of patients with MS.
Recent studies have revealed that CBD can be absorbed through the breathing of CBD oil. While CBD is obtained by industrial means from raw cannabis plants, CBD oil can be obtained through a simple process of applying it on the hemp plant’s skin. At present, there are no known side effects related to inhalation of CBD oil. Patients with asthma or other respiratory conditions should consult with a doctor prior to taking CBD oil.
It is exciting to witness the potential of medicinal cannabis being utilized to treat a myriad of medical conditions. While more research is clearly needed however, there is evidence that demonstrates CBD’s ability to be an effective treatment for a variety of medical ailments. For example, CBD has been used to treat seizures in children. Even though CBD isn’t approved for the treatment of cancer or any other serious diseases but it is becoming more well-known for children with epilepsy who are struggling to control seizures. More research is required to understand the effectiveness of CBD for the treatment of epilepsy, multiple sclerosis and other illnesses.
know more about Theislandnow.com here. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
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Antivert is a commonly prescribed medication for the treatment of vertigo, a condition characterized by dizziness and a spinning sensation. Many people wonder how long it takes for Antivert to start working and provide relief. In this article, we will explore the factors that influence the onset of Antivert's effects and discuss the typical timeframe for its effectiveness. Additionally, we will look at the potential side effects that may occur while waiting for Antivert to take effect.
Understanding Antivert: What is it?
Before delving into the time it takes for Antivert to start working, it is important to have a basic understanding of what Antivert is. Antivert, also known as meclizine, is an antihistamine medication that is used to treat motion sickness and the symptoms of vertigo. It works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic reactions.
Antivert is a widely prescribed medication due to its effectiveness in relieving symptoms of motion sickness and vertigo. It has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and has been used by millions of people around the world.
When it comes to motion sickness, Antivert is particularly helpful for individuals who experience nausea, vomiting, and dizziness while traveling by car, boat, or airplane. It can make a significant difference in the comfort and well-being of those who are prone to motion sickness.
The Role of Antivert in Treating Vertigo
Antivert plays a crucial role in the treatment of vertigo. Vertigo is often caused by an imbalance in the inner ear, which leads to sensations of dizziness and abnormal spinning. The inner ear is responsible for maintaining balance and equilibrium, and when it is disrupted, it can result in debilitating symptoms.
Antivert helps to alleviate these symptoms by reducing the sensitivity of the inner ear to motion. It acts on the central nervous system, specifically targeting the vestibular system, which is responsible for maintaining balance and spatial orientation. By blocking the action of histamine in the inner ear, Antivert helps to restore normal function and reduce the feelings of dizziness and spinning associated with vertigo.
It is important to note that while Antivert can provide relief from vertigo symptoms, it does not address the underlying cause of the condition. Therefore, it is often used as a temporary solution to manage symptoms while other treatments, such as physical therapy or medication adjustments, are explored.
Key Ingredients in Antivert
Meclizine hydrochloride is the active ingredient in Antivert. It is responsible for the therapeutic effects of the medication. Meclizine is a first-generation antihistamine that has been used for decades to treat various conditions, including motion sickness and vertigo.
In addition to the active ingredient, Antivert also contains other inactive ingredients such as lactose, magnesium stearate, and microcrystalline cellulose. These ingredients are commonly used in pharmaceutical formulations to enhance the stability, absorption, and overall quality of the medication.
Lactose, a type of sugar, is often used as a filler in tablets to provide bulk and aid in the manufacturing process. Magnesium stearate, a magnesium salt of stearic acid, is a common lubricant used in tablet formulations to prevent sticking and improve the flow of the powder during production. Microcrystalline cellulose, a refined wood pulp, is used as a binder and disintegrant to help the tablet break down and release the active ingredient in a controlled manner.
These inactive ingredients are carefully selected to ensure the safety, efficacy, and stability of Antivert. They undergo rigorous testing and quality control measures to meet the standards set by regulatory authorities.
The Mechanism of Antivert: How Does it Work?
Antivert works by interacting with the body in several ways to provide relief from vertigo symptoms. Understanding the mechanism of action can help explain why it may take some time for Antivert to start working.
Interaction of Antivert with the Body
Once ingested, Antivert is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream. It then binds to histamine receptors in various parts of the body, including the inner ear, brain, and blood vessels. By blocking the action of histamine in these areas, Antivert helps to reduce symptoms of vertigo.
The Process of Absorption and Distribution
After absorption, Antivert is distributed throughout the body, including the central nervous system. It crosses the blood-brain barrier, allowing it to exert its effects on the brain and alleviate symptoms of vertigo.
Factors Influencing the Onset of Antivert's Effects
The time it takes for Antivert to start working can vary depending on several factors. These factors can include dosage and administration as well as individual health factors.
Dosage and Administration
The dosage and administration of Antivert can influence the onset of its effects. A higher dose of Antivert may lead to faster relief from vertigo symptoms compared to a lower dose. Additionally, taking Antivert with food may affect its absorption and how quickly it starts working.
Individual Health Factors
Individual health factors can also play a role in how long it takes for Antivert to start working. Factors such as age, overall health, and the presence of other medical conditions can impact the body's response to Antivert. It is important to follow healthcare provider's instructions and consult them if Antivert does not start working within the expected timeframe.
Typical Timeframe for Antivert to Start Working
The exact timeframe for Antivert to start working varies from person to person. However, based on clinical studies and anecdotal evidence, most individuals experience relief from vertigo symptoms within 1 to 2 hours after taking Antivert.
Immediate Effects of Antivert
Some individuals may begin to notice a reduction in vertigo symptoms shortly after taking Antivert. This may be attributed to the rapid absorption and distribution of the medication in the body.
Long-term Effects of Antivert
While many people experience immediate relief from vertigo symptoms, it is important to note that Antivert may also have long-term effects. Continued use of Antivert can help prevent the recurrence of vertigo episodes and provide ongoing relief.
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Potential Side Effects While Waiting for Antivert to Work
While waiting for Antivert to start working, it is possible to experience side effects. These side effects should be monitored and reported to a healthcare provider if they become severe or bothersome.
Common Side Effects
Common side effects of Antivert include drowsiness, dry mouth, and blurred vision. These side effects are generally mild and temporary, and they usually subside as the body adjusts to the medication.
Serious Side Effects
In rare cases, Antivert can cause more serious side effects such as difficulty breathing, irregular heartbeat, and allergic reactions. If any of these serious side effects occur, immediate medical attention should be sought.
In conclusion, the time it takes for Antivert to start working can vary from person to person. Factors such as dosage, individual health factors, and the presence of other medical conditions can influence the onset of Antivert's effects. While some individuals may experience immediate relief from vertigo symptoms, it is important to be aware of the potential side effects that may occur while waiting for Antivert to take effect. If you have any concerns or questions about Antivert, consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:The Death-Doctor.djvu/66
54 Two days after I arrived at Mallowfield a great disaster happened. Sir Geoffrey became suddenly ill at dinner, and the fussy little family medico diagnosed that he had been attacked by an apoplectic seizure. Consequently, Francis was wired for next morning, and arrived about six o'clock on the same evening.
I was in the hall when he arrived, and saw his step-mother—a sly, dark, beautifully-formed woman who did not look her forty-five years—meet the young lieutenant at the door of his home.
He shook hands with her and immediately inquired after his father.
"He had a stroke last night," she answered, "and Dr. Shaw-Lathome fears that he will not recover. Poor Frank, I am so bitterly grieved." And her handkerchief went up to her eyes.
"May I go up and see him?" asked Francis in a cold, unemotional voice. I found out later that the presence of his stepmotherstep-mother [sic] always made him show the worst side of his character.
"Certainly, if you wish," she replied. "We have got a nurse—a very good one."
He went upstairs, and the nurse admitted him to have, as it turned out, his last look at his unconscious father.
Meanwhile—you understand, of course, that | WIKI |
Medvedev Signs Law Restricting Russian Beer, Alcohol Sales
Russian President Dmitry Medvedev
approved a measure curbing the sale of alcoholic beverages such
as beer, attempting to reduce illegal production and alcoholism. Medvedev signed the legislation , the Kremlin said today in
an e-mailed statement. The law will control beer production and sales because it’s
an alcoholic beverage, and will prohibit beer sales from kiosks
by 2013, according to the text, available on the Russian
parliament’s website. The law also restricts advertising for
alcoholic drinks, bans stores from selling alcohol from 11 p.m.
to 8 a.m. and establishes licensing for alcohol transportation. “The law brings some order into the sale of beer,” said
Vadim Drobiz, director of the Center for Federal and Regional
Alcohol Market Studies, speaking by phone. “The restrictions
will not reduce beer consumption.” Russians consumed about 12.5 liters of alcohol a person
last year, with beer accounting for about 4 liters and vodka for
more than 5 liters, Drobiz said. Kiosks sell at least 30 percent
of beer consumed in Russia , he added. The law will reduce illegal production, said Dmitry Dobrov,
chairman of Russia’s Union of Liquor Producers . The group’s
members make more than half of the country’s liquor production.
The amount of illegal spirits has declined to as low as 20
percent from 45 percent before 2008, when Russia imposed federal
regulations on the industry, Dobrov said. The new rules could
reduce the amount to the level seen in other consumer goods , of
about 2 percent to 5 percent, he said. To contact the reporters on this story:
Denis Maternovsky in Moscow at
dmaternovsky@bloomberg.net ;
Marina Sysoyeva in Moscow at
msysoyeva@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Paul Abelsky at
pabelsky@bloomberg.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
CANADA STOCKS-TSX futures slip on weak oil and metal prices
Oct 25 (Reuters) - Futures tracking Canada's main stock index fell on Tuesday as lower oil and metal prices weighed on commodity-linked shares, with the markets awaiting Bank of Canada's interest rate decision later in the week.
Futures on the S&P/TSX index SXFc1 were down 0.4% at 66:45 a.m. ET.
Oil prices Clc1, LCOc1 fell by more than $1 per barrel on Tuesday as bearish economic data from key global economies heightened demand fears. O/R
Precious metal prices were down in the face of a stronger dollar, making the zero-yield bullion XAU= unattractive for other currency holders. GOL/
Futures tracking the U.S. markets were down with investors awaiting earnings reports from companies including Microsoft MSFT.O and Google-owner Alphabet GOOGL.O after market close. .N
The Toronto Stock Exchange's S&P/TSX composite index .GSPTSE closed up 0.30% at 18,918.40 on Monday after hitting a more than two-week high at the start of trading. .TO
Meanwhile, traders are betting on a 70% chance of another supersized 75 basis points hike by Canada's apex bank on Wednesday, which could take the overnight lending rate, which is already at a 14-year high, to 4%.
Among individual stocks, Pharmacy Inc NBLY.TO will report its third-quarter results before the markets open on Tuesday.
($1 = 1.3741 Canadian dollars)
(Reporting by Shashwat Chauhan in Bengaluru)
((Shashwat.Chauhan@thomsonreuters.com;))
The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Sri Lanka lawmakers defect from president to prime minister after dispute
COLOMBO (Reuters) - Three lawmakers from Sri Lankan President Maithripala Sirisena’s party defected to the government of Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe on Tuesday after a dispute between the two leaders. The island nation was plunged into crisis in October after Sirisena replaced Wickremesinghe with ex-president Mahinda Rajapaksa, without the backing of parliament, leading to protests and downgrades of Sri Lanka’s debt. Rajapaksa, best known for crushing a long-running insurgency in the north of the country and drawing Sri Lanka closer to China, failed to win a parliamentary majority and resigned on Saturday as a government shutdown loomed. Wickremesinghe was then sworn in as prime minister for the fifth time in a remarkable comeback. “We joined the government... as the party and the country have been dragged into a difficult position,” Vijith Wijayamuni Soysa, one of the three lawmakers told parliament. With the latest defections, Wickremesinghe has the backing of 120 legislators in the 225-member parliament. Sirisena told a party gathering later on Tuesday that he would not allow any defector to be sworn in as a minister in Wickremesinghe’s cabinet, which is yet to be appointed. On Thursday Sri Lanka’s Supreme Court ruled that Sirisena’s decision to dissolve parliament before the end of its term was unconstitutional, a judgment that eventually led to the return of Wickremesinghe as prime minister. Members of his ruling United National Party and at least six opposition MPs want to oust Sirisena through an impeachment, though that needs a two-thirds majority in parliament. Reporting by Ranga SirilalWriting by Shihar Aneez, Editing by Alasdair Pal and Andrew Heavens, William Maclean | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
IBM Watson to be used to help 10,000 veterans
IBM Watson Health has unveiled a new partnership with the Department of Veterans Affairs to dramatically improve access to cutting-edge cancer care for U.S. veterans. The goal is to help doctors deliver so-called precision medicine to 10,000 American veterans diagnosed with the disease over the next two years. Veterans suffer disproportionately high cancer diagnosis and mortality rates. As such, the VA delivers treatment to 3.5 percent of U.S. cancer patients — the largest group of cancer patients in the nation. "I think that is huge," said Steve Harvey, Watson Health vice president. "It is using technology to help those that really need it the most." IBM's cloud-based Watson for Genomics technology combines data from research papers, clinical trials and other sources with patient data to recommend individualized treatment plans. "The technology is useful for identifying the particular drug that is useful for a specific patient, based on the changes in genes that we find in that patient's' tumor sample," said Dr. Michael Kelley, VA national program director for oncology. "It is individualized, personalized treatment decisions that are informed using the Watson technology." The application of artificial intelligence to vast oncology data sets delivers drug recommendations and treatment options in minutes, often eliminating the need for lengthy board discussions requiring panels of experts to convene on individual cases. Using this technology, the VA's physicians are expected to be able to treat almost 30 times more patients than could previously be served. Precision medicine, also known as targeted therapy, has been around for over a decade but the treatment decisions have become so complex that no individual, or group of individuals, is able to synthesize all the data needed to make the best decisions for patients, said Kelley. With Watson's help, doctors are able to greatly improve how well patients respond to treatment and how long they live. "We need these tools to help us," he said. Here is how VA doctors will use this new technology: 1) DNA sequencing is done to create a file which includes the areas that are mutated 2) Doctors upload the file to Watson's data crunching software in the cloud 3) Watson delivers the results to an interactive dashboard a few minutes later. Physicians then examine the information Watson delivers, including the changes in the gene and what they mean, how strong the evidence is for using different types of drugs, links to relevant studies, reports and clinical trials, if applicable. IBM is providing Watson Genomics to the VA as a gift and will not own the anonymized data that it is analyzing. The organizations will make their findings available to the academic community to help advance genomic research. IBM has already announced partnerships with the New York Genome Center and 16 institutes using Watson for Genomics and is working with others. "We are aggressively continuing to actively work through our collaboration partnership study and hopefully you are going to hear a lot more later this year," said Harvey. | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Nanoneuronics
Nanoneuronics is an emerging discipline involving the application of nanometer-scale methods, materials, science and technology to neurons and neural tissue in order to design and develop advanced medical applications.
Overview
Nanoneuronics is a new discipline of engineering that aims to harness the collaborative power and knowledge of nanotechnology, neuroscience, electrical engineering, neural engineering and ethics for the design and development of advanced medical interventions with the nervous system. Although non-invasive approaches to the nervous system have been effective for diagnosis and therapy in many treatments, an overwhelming number of severe neurological conditions will likely require invasive approaches for effective therapY.
History
The term “nanoneuronics” was coined in 2006 by Prof. Richard Magin, at the time the head of the Bioengineering Department at the University of Illinois at Chicago. The National Science Foundation has approved initial funding toward the study of ways in which experts in these fields can work together to promote interdisciplinary research. | WIKI |
Prenatal Care
If you suspect you may be pregnant, schedule a visit to your obstetrician to begin prenatal care. Prenatal visits usually include a physical exam, weight checks, and providing a urine sample. Depending on the stage of the pregnancy, physicians may also do blood tests and imaging tests, such as ultrasound exams. These visits also include discussions about your health, the fetus's health, and any questions about the pregnancy.
Getting prenatal care can help you have a healthier baby. It also lowers the risk of your baby being born too early.
What is an Obstetrician?
An obstetrician is a medical doctor who specializes in pregnancy, labor, and birth. They receive specialized education in the area of the female reproductive system and surgical care. Much of their education focuses on the detection and management of obstetrical and gynecological problems.
Choosing an Obstetrician
Lompoc Valley Medical Center maintains a comprehensive directory of highly qualified local physicians.
Use our directory to find an Obstetrician. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
User:Jigar011/sandbox
SP Seva Sansthan Foundation <!-- About SP Seva Sansthan Foundation. NGO SP Seva Sansthan Foundation was founded by under graduated student Mr. Jigar Vaishnav, as a nongovernmental, non-profit and non-political organization In Year 2014. The organization was established as the will of citizens to participate actively in Protection of Poor People, as well as to take an active role in the Social development through Help to Needy People in Every Field.
Vision Work As a Catalyst In Bringing Sustainable Change In The Live Of Underprivileged Children, Youth And Women, With A Life Cycle Approach Of Development. We do not think that What the Country Has Given Us, We Think That What the Country Get From Us.
OUR MISSION To work/act as an 'agent of change' to help the poorest of the poor access and actualize their Right as enshrined in the constitution of India. From the very inception of S.P. Seva Sansthan, it has been our constant Endeavour to follow complete commitment and transparency towards our objectives. We believe the organization, or for that matter any individual, whose fundamentals are based on virtues of honesty, ownership towards the society we live in and regard to human dignity, are bound to grow in the right direction and the last few years have been a testimony to this philosophy. The basic idea behind SP SEVA SANSTHAN FOUNDATION was to help those who are the most vulnerable (poor, children, women, old and sick) and are in dire need of help. After initial extensive debates, the founding members of SP SEVA SANSTHAN FOUNDATION organized themselves in the movement towards the above causes and consequently articulated the aims and objectives they had in mind.
Objectives 1. To Rehabilitating and providing education, shelter and food to economically backward, child labourers, disabled, orphans and semi-orphans. 2. To Sensitizing destitute women and adolescent girls for their rights & entitlements. 3. Ladies Empowerment and promoting SHGs. 4. Sponsoring midday meals and groceries for old age groups, to enable them to get timely food. 5. Providing relief and rehabilitation to the victims of Natural Calamities like floods and droughts. 6. Enlightening and educating the indigenous people and remote rural masses. 7. Spreading awareness among the public on health & sanitation, education, environment, consumer rights, road safety and other socio-economic rights particularly Human rights. 8. Promoting scientific temper and establish IT in grassroots. 9. Spreading awareness about HIV/ AIDS, TB, Malaria and conduct medical health camps for the remote rural tribes. 10. Organizing seminars, impact studies, workshops, research study and awareness campaign on educational policies, statistics, health, legal issues, women and children developmental activities. 11. To achieve complete literacy and to work for promotion of education; 12. To work towards elimination of practice of Child Labour and to take appropriate steps for their rehabilitation; 13. To implement and co-ordinate various activities relating to welfare of people belonging to Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Classes and Minority groups and also engage itself in related research activities; 14. To implement and co-ordinate various projects aimed towards development and maintenance of environment, plantations and all other projects/issues for dealing bio -diversities and also to carry out research activities. 15. To work towards maintaining social harmony; 16. To make efforts for the overall development of the Society; 17. To promote moral and ethical values through social and educational institutions for inculcating self - discipline and developing an ideal National character; 18. To implement a job-oriented and labour-based educational system; establish, manage and run such educational institutions for meeting the needs, aspirations and welfare of every section of society; 19. To set-up and run Training Centres in remote rural areas of the State, to uplift the educational and economic standards of the deprived sections of society, and to eliminate their prevailing bad social customs, illiteracy, dowry system, child marriage, fanaticism etc.; 20. To establish and run various Welfare Centres to promote de-addiction, welfare of senior citizens, physically and mentally handicapped persons and overall human development; 21. To establish, manage and run high level Training Colleges to bring out personalities in the fields of science, education, literature and sports; 22. To implement and research on projects relating to Panchayat & Social Welfare and Rural Development; 23. To work on projects for animal husbandry; animal medical care and animal rights and to implement projects on development of fisheries; 24. To work for resource-less and poor people by active involvement in rural development through public participation and to co-ordinate with social activities; 25. To create awareness and implement various projects on Public Health and Family Welfare and to organize Awareness Movement for population control; 26. To organize and conduct programmers’ on health, education and sanitation; create public awareness to control population and to prevent epidemics and to arrange for basic facilities; 27. To work for conservation of soil and energy; 28. To create public awareness about AIDS and other diseases and to work for preventive measures. Also to promote blood donations and organize camps for the same; 29. To Organize workshops/ programmes for backward rural areas as well as for women and also to intensively work for consumer awareness and for protection of their respective rights; 30. To promote cow protection and cow care and to intensively work for their protection; 31. To carry out and implement, for the integrated development of the society, various schemes/projects in the fields of education, health, water conservation, irrigation, land reforms etc., securing due cooperation from time to time from the Administration; 32. To make the rural women self-reliant by organizing their Self-Help Groups (SHGs) and to train and promote them; 33. To implement various integrity based programmes to develop the leadership capacity of the society and inculcating the sense of belongings amongst people of all groups and religion; 34. To work for the development of traditional agriculture and social forestry and to carry out various schemes to promote medicinal and aromatic plantations; 35. To carry out various child development projects to provide opportunities for the proper development of children. Also to implement various schemes relating to family welfare, nutritious food, primary education, health, entertainment etc., for the intellectual, psychological and physical development of the children; 36. To establish Libraries, Music Academy, Art Center and Gymnasium for promoting social and educational up-gradation. Publication papers and magazines on health and to work for the maintenance and protection of antique and archaeological collections of India. Also to establish, manage and run the educational and training institutions for promoting Sanskrit language and age -old knowledge system of India; 37. To identify such historical, cultural and spiritual/religious places of ancient India, known as symbols of social integrity and to work for their protection and conservation and also to establish and manage cultural and spiritual institutions; 38. To bring about social awareness and to take steps, with the cooperation of Administration as well as public, against corruption, injustice, atrocities and wrongful acts; 39. To impart training to socially and economically backward communities, tribes, women and landless/small farmers, for the proper exploitation of natural resources and develop non - agriculture sources of income. Also to organize them into Small Saving Groups and to educate them for working together; 40. To implement projects for development of rural sources of livelihood and to provide market for the sale of agricultural and other rural products; 41. To manage, train and research on various schemes relating to watershed, participatory irrigation management, development of fallow land and integrated sanitation; 42. To make every possible efforts to control/manage the situation arising out of natural calamities like flood, earthquake, draught, epidemic etc. and to provide necessary relief work and material support. 43. To manage social welfare work as implement agency for all Governmental, nongovernmental organizations or National and International organizations schemes 44. To carry out various schemes for the development of handicraft and to arrange for necessary training and availability of techniques for artisans to make them self-reliant; 45. To establish such Animal husbandry and agriculture based Cooperative Production Training Centres which are economically self-reliant and help the society for reducing the dependence on outside help (Governmental as well as non-governmental) for developmental works; 46. To work for the social and economic development of rural areas in cooperation, apart from Government Organization or Non-Government Organization like commercial banks, insurance companies and business houses of corporate in social sector; 47. To arrange training programmes and develop necessary material for capacity building of government and non-government agencies and its employees and to monitor and evaluate various projects; 48. To engage in all kinds of developmental work meant for the welfare of people living in urban slum areas; 49. To publish newspaper, magazine, journals and to reproduce works of arts, literature, science, crafts and other alliedworks/collections of works of arts for instruction and imparting useful knowledge. 50. To run Yoga/Stress management courses. Better Health Care through Yoga 51. To organise religious camps for spreading good living habits, moral values, Indian culture, methods of developing self confidence etc and to create religious centre for the above activities. 52. To provide help to people suffering from Natural calamities such as flood, Earthquakes, Rail road accidents etc. 53. To raise funds through collection, donation or subscription and other means and invest money or incur expenditure in such manner as shall promote the attainment of aims and objectives. 54. To Provide Platform to NGO, Individual, Group, Corporate, Volunteers, Institute and Schools etc. For Social Activities & Welfare 55. To Work In the interest of the country and society, according to the demands of time and circumstances.
Range of Activities: 1. Education 2. Environment 3. Health 4. Livelihood 5. Rural Development 6. Women/Girl’s Empowerment 7. Indian Culture 8. Animal Protection
Education Organization Started a Learning Centre at the Amet with the name of Shiksha Ka Kendra for children of neighboring villages, focusing specially on grey areas like mathematics, English, Science, Accountancy, Economics and computer literacy. Besides teaching English & Computer Learning (IT) the children’s are involved in various extracurricular activities like painting, drawing and sports. Functions on occasions like Republic Day, Independence Day and Gandhi Jayanti are organized at “Shiksha Ka Kendra” to inculcate a sense of nation building and idealism. The children are also taken for sightseeing tours to Rajsamand of Rajasthan to enhance their exposure. For a better world Youngsters in every part of the world have dreams. They have aspirations. They are also the future citizens and leaders. It is a travesty that they are unable to realize their dreams because schools are in bad shape, there are no computer training facilities or no opportunities to learn and grow. Many of the children are from families who cannot afford the facilities in towns A group of programs which aim to provide opportunities for development to youngsters in rural areas.
Women empowerment Various studies, as well as our experience, have shown that when we work towards women empowerment, the whole society benefits. But unfortunately in India, far from being empowered, most women are denied even their basic rights like health, education, employment and a respectable status in society. The Organization Program under this segment engage in women empowerment and capacity building programs through self help groups and legal aid against domestic abuse and violence. It includes vocational skills training and hands on education on sanitation, health and nutrition. The Organization Organized Many Actives For Women Empowerment Such As. Computer Course, Self Employing Tailor, Self Defiance Training and Other Program Was Held.
Environment Tree Plantation Program is a response to the substantial climate change and sustainability challenges, like water supply and biodiversity loss. Through proactive environmental advocacy, the program has catalyzed tree plantation across Organization Program in Rajsamand District of Rajasthan. It strongly encourages the plantation of indigenous trees and plants that are advantageous to the local ecosystem. The Organization Tree Plantation Program Held Every Year. Planted Many Trees’ In Different Place Such as - Collage, School, Village’s, and Hospital ect. And Protect Them With Tree Guard & Give Water Time To Time And Every Year Small Camp was Organized By Organization and Give A Massages of Plantation is Most Important Part Of Our Life So Save The Tree’
Health Urban slum dwellers suffer from adverse health conditions owing to mainly two reasons –first the lack of education and thus lack of awareness; and second the unwillingness to lose a day’s wage in order to reach the nearest medical facility. Healthcare for underprivileged, which is a desperate need, thus remains unaddressed. The need of the hour is thus a two pronged approach – first to bring quality healthcare services to doorsteps of the needy and second to promote healthcare awareness and contemporary healthcare seeking behavior among the underprivileged. The Organization on Wheels program has so far provided free healthcare services to Poor families. Our Organization Organized A Many Camp Of Health Checkup Such As – Free Eye Checkup & Operation Camp, School/Collage Student Health Checkup Camp. Blood Checkup & Blood Donation Camp. Same As So Many Camp Was Organized By Organization. The Organization Also Adopt a Child Who Have Health Problem Such As: - Heart Problem, Cancer, Eye Problem ect. And Give Them Better Treatment For Their Health Problem.
Livelihood And Community Development The Livelihood & Community Development Program aims to develop life skills of communities and empower them in overcoming social, economic and environmental challenges. Organization Program seeks to establish an effective and sustainable instrument to improve the living condition and economic status of the disadvantaged community and strengthen their livelihood base by establishing systems that foster outcome. All Livelihood & Community Development Program have been implemented as a part of a well-planned end-to-end solution for productivity and income enhancement through capacity building of community, facilitating adoption of improved package of practices, facilitating credit availability, building systems accessible to the poor for critical support services. Agriculture: Organization undertakes focused interventions in agriculture, horticulture and livestock management. Such interventions have been designed to improve efficiency in production systems, lower input costs, increase per capita output, and improve food and nutritional security at household level. Skill Development: Implement skill development & training programs which improve the employability of the working population including school drop-outs, semi-skilled and un-skilled workers. These programs are designed to have high local relevancy and in-built flexibility. Community Development: Community Development is the foundation of sustainable growth and impacts access to social, economic and basic human rights of people. Organization Community Development programs ensures sustainable growth and foster security, gender equality, development opportunities and economic stability in rural and urban milieu.
Indian Culture India is the birthplace of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, and other religions. Collectively known as Indian religions. Indian religions are a major form of world religions along with Abrahamic ones. Today, Hinduism and Buddhism are the world's third and fourth-largest religions respectively, with over 2 billion followers altogether, and possibly as many as 2.5 or 2.6 billion followers. Followers of Indian religions – Hindus, Sikhs, Jains and Buddhists make up around 80–82% population of India. The Organization team decided to celebrate Matra-Pitra Divas (Parents Day) on 14 February Because Indian Culture Say’s Parents is another form of God. And decided to tell the world that their parents are first love and no one other. So Every Year A Motivation Rally Was Arranged On 14 Feb. On The Suspicions Day Of Matra- Pitra Divas. On Valentine Day By Celebrating Matra- Pitra Day A Great Message Of Eternal Love Was To The Society By Our Organization. Different Regional School Student Took A Part On That Prestigious Rally. About One Thousand Students Took Part Activity For The Success Of The Mission. The Rally Gave A Message For Integrity, Love And Unity Of Our Nation Pared And Other Feet’s Were The Main Sources Of Attraction. It Was Great Succeeded. It Set A True Message Of Great & Valentine. Organization Organizes A Three Day’s Camp Every Year. On The Occasion Of GOD CHARBHUJA JI JAL-JULNI EKADASHI. In Three Days Camp Organization Team Arranged Food And Water For 10,000 To 50,000 Padastrial Travelers. The Team Members Arranged Night Stay Arrangements For The Visitors Of Charbhuja Ji. Distribution Of Fruits And Water Arrangement Would Be Done For The Visitors By Vehicles. In This Way Three Day Camp For The Service Of Humanity Must Be Successfully Arranged By Our Organization.
Self Sustainable Project’s 1) Mission Unnati:-In This Project Organization organize a Different Camps & Activates such As Medical camp, Awareness Camp and Motivational Camp ect. School Uniform and Other Items also Distribution in This Project. And Under This Project We Are Also Adopted Orphaned & Poor Children and Give Them All Basic Facilities. 2) Hunar Se Hunar Tak : - In This Project Organization Organize a Skill Development Trainings for Everyone to help them build their skills to get jobs to earn for their living or help them start their own enterpriser land for better jobs, leading to better future Tailoring, Handicraft, Computer Literacy, Computer Accounting, Beauty Parlor Management, Dairy Farming And Agriculture Based Training And Many Other Training where Provide. Train them on Financial Book Management also. It is also Market Exposure & Practical Trainings to Create Entrepreneurs. 3) Shiksha Ka Kendra :- In This Project Organization Started a Learning Center For the rural children and provide Them Free education and Learning Material 4) Pariyawaran Raksha: - In This Project is used to prevent pollution in the environment. The main purpose of this project is to work for the projection of the environment. 5) Mission Lakh-Pati Mahila :- The Project aims at Making women self- reliant capable of Making financially vulnerable sections of the families. In the Project And Adding Them To their Employment, The Main Purpose Of This Project Is to Make Women Entrepreneurs. By Making This Organizational Structure Easy Access To Women’s Economic Resources by Connecting Them with Livelihood Then Increasing their Income by Developing Social and Technical Capabilities.
Awards
Description 26 January 2015 Appreciation Letter By State Government Of Rajasthan On The Occasional of Sub-divisional Republic Day Celebration, Amet (Block Level Award State Government Of Rajasthan)
30 March 2017 Certificate Of Outstanding Work By Sub-divisional Officer, Amet ((Block Level Award State Government Of Rajasthan)
30 March 2018 Certificate Of Outstanding Work By Sub-divisional Officer, Amet (Block Level Award State Government Of Rajasthan)
30 Jun 2018 State Level Smurti Award By Denik Lokmat, Jaipur (State Award)
16 July 2018 National Level Award & Certificate Of Appreciation In Inspire Youth Category By Y4D Foundation, Delhi (National Award)
12 February 2019 Samrasta Award – Gold Medal & Certificate Of Appreciation By Indo-Nepal Samrasta Organisation
15 August 2019 Appreciation Letter By State Government Of Rajasthan On The Occasional of Sub-divisional Republic Day Celebration, Amet (Block Level Award State Government Of Rajasthan)
30 December 2019 Asia Continent Award By Deputy Prime Minter of Nepal Government and First President Of Nepal Government On The Occasional Of Cultural National Conference Of SAARC Members of National Countries In Kathmandu Nepal (International Award ) --> | WIKI |
-- Deutsche Telekom Earnings Top Estimates on Germany
Deutsche Telekom AG (DTE) , Germany’s largest
phone company, reported first-quarter profit before some items
that beat analysts’ estimates after slowing a decline in mobile
revenue at home and halting an exodus of U.S. customers. Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and
amortization adjusted for some items fell 4.3 percent to 4.29
billion euros ($5.6 billion), compared with the 4.24 billion-euro average estimate among analysts compiled by Bloomberg. In
the U.S., wireless customers, including pay-as-you-go users,
rose for the first time in 15 quarters, the Bonn-based company
said today. Deutsche Telekom completed a deal to merge its T-Mobile US
unit with MetroPCS Communications Inc. last week, freeing
management capacity to focus on reviving its business in Europe.
Rivals in Germany , including Royal KPN NV’s E-Plus unit and
Telefonica Deutschland Holding AG (O2D) , posted a drop in average
revenue per wireless customer for the quarter as carriers vied
for clients by offering cheaper voice and data packages. “After the numbers we have seen we were expecting revenue
to be fairly light,” said Paul Marsch, a London-based analyst
at Berenberg Bank who recommends investors hold shares of the
company. “Deutsche Telekom seems to have fared better than its
peers in Germany.” Spain, Austria First-quarter revenue slid 4.5 percent to 13.8 billion
euros, Deutsche Telekom said, in line with projections.
Telefonica SA (TEF) , which competes with Deutsche Telekom in markets
including Germany, the U.K. and the Czech Republic , today
reported earnings and sales that missed estimates. Deutsche Telekom shares rose 1.9 percent to 9.30 euros at
9:08 a.m. in Frankfurt . Telefonica fell 1.9 percent in Madrid.
Telekom Austria AG (TKA) climbed 3.6 percent in Vienna after profit
beat estimates. The decline in Deutsche Telekom’s German mobile service
revenue slowed to 0.1 percent from 2.2 percent in the previous
quarter, excluding a reduction in mobile termination rates
imposed by the country’s network regulator. The company plans to
return to growth on that basis over the course of the year,
spokesman Andreas Leigers said. Germany’s former phone monopoly is also preparing to speed
up its fixed-line Internet to fend off cable providers in its
home market while trying to limit the damage from the economic
crisis on its European operations. ‘Major Issues’ The company confirmed its full-year forecasts, targeting
adjusted Ebitda of 17.4 billion euros plus contribution from
MetroPCS over the remainder of 2013 and free cash flow of about
5 billion euros. “We have resolved some major issues,” Chief Executive
Officer Rene Obermann said in the statement. “The biggest of
those were our customer figures in the United States .” In the U.S., T-Mobile last month said that the pace of
subscriber defections slowed to 199,000 in the first quarter
from 515,000 in the previous three months. John Legere, who runs the enlarged U.S. unit, has scrapped
long-term phone contracts and device subsidies in an effort to
turn the operator into a stronger rival to AT&T Inc. (T) and Verizon
Wireless . T-Mobile US sold 500,000 iPhones in the first four
weeks of offering the Apple Inc. (AAPL) device in the U.S. Obermann, who is set to be replaced by Chief Financial
Officer Timotheus Hoettges at the end of the year, in December
announced plans to trim the carrier’s dividend to allow it to
spend almost 30 billion euros on its networks through 2015. Vectoring Technology Deutsche Telekom won preliminary approval from Germany’s
network watchdog in April for a plan to accelerate its digital
subscriber line, or DSL, grid using so-called vectoring
technology. On May 2, the company announced a deal with
Telefonica Deutschland that would let the smaller provider use
those lines, helping to spread the rollout’s cost. The European Commission last week lowered its forecasts for
the euro area, projecting that eight of the 17 economies in the
currency bloc will contract this year. Deutsche Telekom offers
phone and Internet connections in markets stretching from Greece
via Austria to the Netherlands. “It’s not a grand turnaround yet,” said Wolfgang Specht,
an analyst at Bankhaus Lampe KG in Dusseldorf who has a sell
recommendation on the operator. “They cannot let their guard
down in Germany as people still keep switching to smaller
packages.” To contact the reporter on this story:
Cornelius Rahn in Berlin at
crahn2@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Kenneth Wong at
kwong11@bloomberg.net | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Steve Shelley
Steven Jay Shelley (born June 23, 1962) is an American drummer. He is best known as the longtime drummer of the alternative rock band Sonic Youth, for whom he played from 1985 until their 2011 disbandment.
Biography
Shelley was born in Midland, Michigan and played in several mid-Michigan bands, including Faith and Morals and Strange Fruit, and was among the original lineup of the punk band The Crucifucks. Since 1985, he has performed with the noise rock band Sonic Youth, when he replaced Bob Bert.
After leaving the Crucifucks, he moved to Manhattan with a friend, living in the apartment of Sonic Youth's Thurston Moore and Kim Gordon for dog sitting purposes while the band was in Europe. When the band returned, former drummer Bob Bert had left the band, and they hired Shelley as their drummer without an audition.
In 1992 he founded the independent record label Smells Like Records, based in Hoboken, New Jersey.
Along with friend and Two Dollar Guitar musician Tim Foljahn, he helped advance Cat Power's musical career, serving as drummer on her first three albums. He also produced Blonde Redhead's debut self-titled album in 1995. Steve was able to track down Lee Hazlewood in 1997 and secure permission to reissue five of the finest titles of the Hazlewood back catalog. Smells Like Records also released a collection of standards recorded in 1997, which was the first new recording from Hazlewood released domestically in nearly two decades. In 1998 Shelley played on the soundtrack of the film Velvet Goldmine as a member of Wylde Ratttz, along with The Stooges' Ron Asheton, Thurston Moore, Mike Watt, Don Fleming, Mark Arm of Mudhoney and Jim Dunbar.
Other significant work away from Sonic Youth includes recording and performing with an array of artists such as Christina Rosenvinge, Chris Lee, John Wolfington, Michael Powers, Michael Rother, Howe Gelb, and Enrique Morente. In 2007, Shelley recorded a number of tracks for the I'm Not There soundtrack with a supergroup called The Million Dollar Bashers, featuring Lee Ranaldo, Wilco guitarist Nels Cline, Television guitarist Tom Verlaine, Dylan bassist Tony Garnier, guitarist Smokey Hormel and keyboardist John Medeski.
In February 2009, Shelley spent a weekend in Chicago recording with Chris Connelly, Sanford Parker, and Jeremy Lemos. The results of this collaboration were released under the moniker The High Confessions by Relapse Records on July 20, 2010.
In 2010, Michael Rother played shows in Europe with Shelley and Tall Firs guitarist Aaron Mullan as Halogallo 2010. This group performs music "in the spirit of" NEU! including some tracks by Harmonia and from Michael Rother's solo albums. Other 2010 concert dates included the ATP New York 2010 music festival in Monticello, New York and Incubate 2010 in Tilburg, Netherlands.
His enthusiasm for the music of Daniel Johnston and Townes Van Zandt led to his appearances in the documentaries The Devil and Daniel Johnston and Be Here to Love Me.
Shelley is also in charge of operating Sonic Youth's own record labels, SYR and Goofin'. In 2010, he started a new label called Vampire Blues whose inaugural release was a 7" by Hallogallo 2010.
In 2011 he joined Disappears. In 2012, he left the band due to scheduling conflicts.
From 2014 to 2017, Shelley played the drums for Sun Kil Moon on the albums Benji, Universal Themes and Common as Light and Love Are Red Valleys of Blood. He also toured with Sun Kil Moon on select 2015 dates. | WIKI |
Page:Once a Week Volume V.djvu/291
284 and ward over the past. At last came the reward of this hard struggle; labour was no longer a painful effort. His father’s prediction was realised—he had acquired the will to learn, the key to his talent, and he had the intense gratification of finding that slowly but very surely he was attaining a sound knowledge of his profession.
Gradually the great object of his life grew to be law, not in the “warp” only, traversed with threads of lighter thought, but the “woof” was law as well.
Thus, hours of relaxation would be spent in following the argument in this and that case: he would form his own judgment, waiting anxiously to find whether it concurred with the judgment of the court. Sometimes he and the judge were unanimous; sometimes when they differed, there was an appeal to a higher tribunal, and once or twice, to his intense exultation, the joy of the successful suitor was scarcely greater; the judge’s judgment was reversed, and his view of the case affirmed.
But why did not business come? True, he had no connection, but he did know some few lawyers—they might have discovered his talent, that firm at least in whose office he was when he first came to town—yet those who knew him best sent him least business, and, since his “call,” they all seemed more or less to keep out of his way. Then he would be beset with heavy misgivings; perhaps, after all, he might be deceiving himself as to his power and talent; perhaps that hope—faith in future eminence—was a delusive dream; perhaps, notwithstanding the hard labour he had endured, mediocrity was to be his destiny.
Hard work by night, hard work by day, bent head, depressing doubt and fear, the unceasing wear of a gritty thought—law; it was too much, he had strange sensations in the head, so at last he was forced to consult a physician, who, with scarcely a question, read the case in his patient’s countenance, and gave the Switzerland prescription.
Hot walking and hard to the top of the Brünig Pass. Well, the view was fine certainly; Charles Westby was forced to admit that, but it had been a deuce of a pull up hill, and, after all, this Switzerland did not seem to do him much good: he could not get rid of that feeling in his head, notwithstanding he had entirely given up reading as the Doctor ordered, so very likely it was not the fault of the books. Now, if he had been at chambers this vacation time, some business might, in the absence of other men, have been driven into his hands; besides all this, travelling cost a mint of money,—he could not afford pleasure yet,—in a few years perhaps, when he had made a name; directly he got to Interlachen he would turn back by Berne to Strasbourg, and home. Such thoughts as these presented themselves as he was descending into the Hasli valley with the giants of the Bernese range before his eyes.
A party on horseback consisting of two ladies and a gentleman with guides, porters, &c., had started in the morning rather earlier than Westby, and had kept about the same distance a-head of him throughout the day. About half way in the descent to Brienz he saw them stop suddenly, perhaps to enjoy the view, or rest; in a short time he came up with them. The whole party had dismounted; the gentleman, a middle-aged man, was sitting on the ground, evidently in pain, the two ladies knelt beside him; the guide and porters, a little apart, were holding a noisy consultation. The eldest lady addressed Westby—her husband had met with a terrible accident—her daughter, who was riding in front, had pulled up her horse rather suddenly; the horse had kicked out and struck her husband, who was riding close behind, severely below the knee; they feared the leg was broken—how should they ever be able to get to Brienz?
“I can’t understand these guides,” said the young lady, who was sadly agitated; “their French is full of German words. This delay is terrible for poor papa.”
Both ladies prayed anxiously of Westby not to leave them. Such a request was, of course, needless, and his hearty promise of all assistance that lay in his power, seemed a staff of comfort. It was evidently impossible for the poor gentleman to ride again on horseback, and for the porters to have carried him over such rough ground, without proper supports, would have added intolerably to the pain which arose from the slightest movement of the leg.
Westby proposed to hurry down to Brienz, and make the best arrangement that he could for a chaise-à-porteurs. They gratefully accepted his offer.
In about two hours Westby returned with the chaise-à-porteurs and the best appliances he could procure for supporting the leg. There was, unfortunately, no doctor resident at Brienz. Westby’s aid was invaluable; he saw with a quick eye what to do, and he had strength of arm to do it with great gentleness.
On inquiring at Brienz, Westby had found that the best medical advice of the district was to be obtained at Interlachen, and that it would be advisable, if the state of the accident allowed it, to proceed thither at once by water. Accordingly, when they arrived at Brienz, it was agreed, as the sufferer had borne the chaise-à-porteurs motion tolerably well, to go on directly to Interlachen; and a boat having been by the care of Westby carefully fitted up with pillows, they embarked on the lake.
How deeply they thanked him! The gentleman with painful effort, the elder lady from the depths of the heart, and that young girl—Ah! it was worth conferring an obligation to gain such heartfelt thanks—to see the expression in that young charming face, flushed with very intensity of feeling, and those blue eyes, looking full into his, with their earnest gaze of gratitude.
Well, that girl had a charming face, and if love had been the motive, deepest love could not have lent a more beautiful expression than the one he had witnessed; but fair faces were not his business yet; hard duty, money to add to his mother’s and sister’s pittance, that was his present business; so, sitting in that boat, the excitement of action being over, his thoughts flowed into their old channel, and Equity sat beside him, as the rowers | WIKI |
Talk:Constant-recursive sequence
Be more explicit about eventually-periodic case
Two possible improvements to this article:
* First, I think we should update the article to be clearer about the case of sequences like $$1, 0, 0, 0, \ldots$$. This is allowed as a constant-recursive sequence according to the current text (see Eventually periodic sequences) but sections like Characterization in terms of exponential polynomials do not apply for such sequences.
* Second, the article should clearly place itself relative to linear difference equation. These are basically the same concept. I think the latter article is excluding the eventually-periodic case, though. And maybe we should here too... best idea would be to dig up a reference textbook and see how they define it.
Thoughts? Happy to make some of these changes when I get the chance. Caleb Stanford (talk) 19:00, 7 November 2021 (UTC)
Eventually periodic sequences can only be excluded artificially, since "$$s(n + \ell) = s(n)$$ for all $$n \geq N$$" is equivalent to "$$s(n + N + \ell) = s(n + N)$$ for all $$n \geq 0$$", which satisfies the definition of being constant-recursive. I agree it's worth discussing this in the article, as well as the fact that an "eventually constant-recursive" sequence is constant-recursive, for the same reason. The sequence $$1, 0, 0, 0, \dots$$ is described by an exponential polynomial, namely $$0^n$$ since zero to the power of zero is $$1$$ when the exponent only takes on integer values. Eric Rowland (talk) 23:31, 7 November 2021 (UTC)
* Thanks User:Eric Rowland, but how would you plan to represent $$0, 1, 0, 0, \ldots$$ as an exponential polynomial -- since $$0^{n-1}$$ doesn't work? To exclude eventually-periodic sequences non-artificially, we just have to require that in the satisfied linear recurrence $$s(n) = c_1 s(n-1) + c_2 s(n-2) + \dots + c_d s(n-d),$$ $$c_d \ne 0$$. Caleb Stanford (talk) 23:41, 7 November 2021 (UTC)
* Good point. I checked The Concrete Tetrahedron (by Kauers and Paule), and they do require $$c_d \ne 0$$. This is artificial from the perspective of generating series because then the characterization as rational series needs an extra requirement on the degree of the numerator. But on the other hand it does fix the characterization as exponential polynomials. Eric Rowland (talk) 00:47, 8 November 2021 (UTC)
* Thanks for looking into another reference! My preference would then be to have $$c_d \ne 0$$. Three Two One other justification s for that criterion: (i) it allows the sequence to be uniquely extended in the negative direction as well, (ii) it's implied by the "alternate definition" under "Definition" in the article, namely "the set of sequences $$\{s(n + r)_{n \geq 0} : r \geq 0\}$$ is contained in a vector space whose dimension is finite." For $$1, 0, 0, 0, ...$$ we get the set of all finite-support sequences, which is infinite-dimensional. Caleb Stanford (talk) 01:06, 8 November 2021 (UTC)
* I'm fine with requiring $$c_d \ne 0$$, if you want to make the change. I agree with your point (i). For your point (ii), if $$s(n)_{n \geq 0}$$ is the sequence $$1, 0, 0, 0, ...$$, then $$s(n + 1)_{n \geq 0}$$ and all higher shifts are the zero sequence, right? In that case $$\{s(n + r)_{n \geq 0} : r \geq 0\}$$ is contained in the $$1$$-dimensional space of sequences of the form $$a, 0, 0, 0, ...$$. Eric Rowland (talk) 01:17, 8 November 2021 (UTC)
* Oh you are right about (ii), my mistake. OK, thanks for the discussion. Caleb Stanford (talk) 01:33, 8 November 2021 (UTC)
Given that some definitions (see (ii) and the generating series definition) point to eventually-periodic sequences naturally being considered constant-recursive, I think I'm now somewhat inclined to allow $$c_d = 0$$. Also, it leads to a more general definition, in terms of many of the results (e.g. closure properties). For now, I edited the article with some clarifications to the definition. Caleb Stanford (talk) 01:57, 8 November 2021 (UTC)
Hasse diagram
As currently defined, the set of order-$$2$$ sequences doesn't include the set of order-$$1$$ sequences, but the Hasse diagram implies that it does. The diagram can be fixed by writing "order $$\leq 2$$" and so on. Also, a vertical ellipsis might look nicer than a horizontal ellipsis for the omitted orders. Eric Rowland (talk) 17:33, 13 November 2021 (UTC)
* Good points. Fixed now! Caleb Stanford (talk) 19:56, 13 November 2021 (UTC)
Rename and merges (November 2021)
Per consensus at WT:WPM and discussion here, I've renamed the article from constant-recursive sequence to the clearer linear recurrence with constant coefficients, and am adding merge suggestions from:
1. Recurrence relation
2. Linear difference equation
Next TODO in editing the page is to complete the merge from the above two articles. Feel free to discuss here. Caleb Stanford (talk) 03:24, 21 November 2021 (UTC)
* I don't see good motivation for renaming the article. The entire article is about sequences, not recurrences. Eric Rowland (talk) 16:46, 21 November 2021 (UTC)
* I agree and this was a problem when I was trying to update the article. But I didn't want to go against what people were telling me was the WP:Consensus. What do you suggest here? Maybe having two articles, this one for sequences, and one for methods of solving linear recurrences that this one can point to? Or merging the content in here and changing the name? At any rate, having 3 articles on the topic does seem wrong to me. Caleb Stanford (talk) 17:15, 21 November 2021 (UTC)
A possible proposal:
1. Name this article linear-recursive sequence (gives us the adjective form linear-recursive which the other names do not offer and is used extensively throughout the article)
2. Merge the other two articles into a separate linear recurrence with constant coefficients
--- Your input would also be valuable here. As Eric points out, the whole article is about sequences, not solving recurrences, so the new name does not fit. I am thinking that having 2 articles would therefore be best as above. Caleb Stanford (talk) 13:03, 22 November 2021 (UTC)
I agree that 3 articles is a lot, but these objects are so common that they occur in lots of different areas, so different people have quite different ways of thinking about them and different aspects they are interested in. A similar situation exists with P-recursive equation, Polynomial solutions of P-recursive equations, Holonomic function, and Linear differential equation (though in this case hopefully we can reduce the number of articles). Linear difference equation seems to be focused on models and stability, which is different than what combinatorists and computer scientists might be interested in. I propose leaving it as its own article and trying to avoid too much duplication where it makes sense. Most of the material under Recurrence relation could be merged into one of the other two articles since Recurrence relation is quite long.
As for terminology, the reasoning "linear-recursive is used extensively throughout the article" applies equally well to constant-recursive because all instances of "constant-recursive" were replaced with "linear-recursive" when the title was changed. So I still don't see good motivation for the recent renaming. The unfortunate fact is that there is no one established name for these sequences. "linear-recursive" is not great because it doesn't distinguish between recurrences with constant coefficients and recurrences with polynomial coefficients where $$s(n + i)$$ also appear linearly. "constant-recursive"/"C-recursive"/"C-finite" are used less widely but have the advantages that they make this distinction and they parallel "polynomial-recursive"/"P-recursive". Eric Rowland (talk) 16:37, 22 November 2021 (UTC)
* I am fine with reverting back to the terminology constant-recursive based on your argument, and merging Recurrence relation into Linear difference equation. I still favor renaming Linear difference equation to Linear recurrence with constant coefficients. Waiting for further discussion in case D.Lazard wants to chime in, otherwise I will go ahead and take this direction in a couple of days. Caleb Stanford (talk) 17:34, 22 November 2021 (UTC)
* ✅ Caleb Stanford (talk) 16:54, 25 November 2021 (UTC)
Missing from current article: discussion of integer/rational/algebraic/real/complex
If D is a subset of complex numbers, there are two possible definitions for a constant-recursive sequence over D:
- (Stronger def) A sequence satisfying a linear recurrence with coefficients in D - (Weaker def) A sequence satisfying a linear recurrence with complex coefficients, such that all numbers in the sequence happen to lie in D
So we should probably clarify this, and state if/under what conditions the two definitions are equivalent. Caleb Stanford (talk) 21:02, 25 November 2021 (UTC)
* This would be good, although I'm not sure much is known. Do you know a reference? Eric Rowland (talk) 17:42, 26 November 2021 (UTC)
* I think it is well-known at least for integers, rational, algebraic, and real numbers. I will do some digging for a reference sometime. (A few other additions to the articles need good references too, mainly the closure properties.) Caleb Stanford (talk) 19:11, 26 November 2021 (UTC)
Skipped
* "The article reasonably covers the topic, and does not contain obvious omissions or inaccuracies." This one needs review from a subject-matter expert.
* "The article contains supporting materials where appropriate." I think a video illustrating the concept would be helpful, but the article ought to pass this criterion even without one.
Done
* ✅ Pass to improve inline citations
* "The article is suitably referenced, with inline citations." I think this is the weak point of the article, and indeed of many Wikipedia articles about mathematical concepts. Not only are there important uncited statements in the article (although many of them can be verified by readers with sufficient mathematical background), as far as I can tell, all sources cited in the article are primary. The one thing that would improve the article most, in my opinion, is more secondary sources.
* Every citation should have an exact page if possible, a page range should only be used if the claim(s) cited cannot be verified by reading any single page (and even then it should be as short as possible). I haven't checked whether the article complies with this, I just wanted to mention that. I see that the Reachability Problems source is used several times, you can provide a separate page number for each of them by using sfn or r but given that the page range isn't long it may be more trouble that it's worth.
* It would be ideal if there were a source for every definition and every example, to verify that they are notable and therefore relevant to the article. Of particular interest would be a source for the fact that every eventually periodic sequence is constant-recursive, given that it causes a minor headache in Definition. That said, I don't think it's necessary.
* ✅ Pass to improve the writing and make more accessible.
* The prose is generally good, but it feels too textbook-like to me. Aside from the lead, the article uses a distinctive writing style that is more characteristic of a math textbook than of an encyclopedia.
* "The article presents its content in an appropriately understandable way." I think the write one level down rule is the best way to assess this, but I don't know at which level this subject is typically studied. If graduate school, I'd say it passes. If undergraduate, it fails.
* ✅ The use of the notation $$s(n)$$ for an element of a sequence rather than the more common $$s_n$$ can confuse readers, especially given that most (all?) articles linked from this one use the common notation. I propose changing $$s(n)$$ to $$s_n$$ and $$F(n)$$ to $$F_n$$.
* ✅ The article has a defined structure.
* ✅ The term "closed under" is used in the article without being wikilinked. Consider linking it in every section where it appears (the lead, In terms of vector spaces and Closure properties).
* ✅ The phrase "note that" is used in the article twice. Per MOS:NOTE, it should be removed.
* ✅ In Definition, the phrase "eventually-periodic sequences... which are disallowed by some authors" makes it sound like said authors explicitly disallow them, which is not the case (rather, they require that $$c_d \ne 0$$, which incidentally disallows such sequences). I think this sentence and the next one could use a rewrite.
* ✅ Speaking of which, the citations in Definition don't have a page number. I believe it should be page 66 in The Concrete Tetrahedron and page 1 in Skolem's Problem.
* ✅ I've never seen the notation $$s(n)_{n \geq 0}$$ before, it should be replaced by a more common notation such as $$(s(n))_{n=0}^\infty$$, or better yet, $$(s_n)_{n=0}^\infty$$ (which mirrors the one used in the Sequence article). $$(s_n)_{n\in\mathbb N}$$ is alright as long as you explain that $$\mathbb N$$ includes zero.
* ✅ In the table in Closure properties, why is "Generating Function Equivalent" in title case?
* ✅ In Decision problems, "see closure properties" should be linked.
Discussion
Post any comments below. Caleb Stanford (talk) 18:03, 18 January 2022 (UTC)
I disagree that $$s_n$$ is preferable to $$s(n)$$. The OEIS — the definitive site for sequences on the internet — consistently uses $$s(n)$$, not subscripts (see https://oeis.org/A000045 for example). Also, sequences are functions, so $$s(n)$$ is more appropriate and doesn't introduce extra notation. I don't see any possible cause of confusion. I think we should revert the recent change. Eric Rowland (talk) 00:21, 27 January 2022 (UTC)
* Hmm, we may need another opinion on this. I don't have a strong preference either way, but in my experience subscript notation $$s_n$$ is more common. The page Sequence uses subscript notation. As for "sequences are functions", subscripts are functions too, set-theoretically. You could replace all subscript notation with functions but that wouldn't always be clarifying. For example, you could represent a quadratic polynomial $$a_0 + a_1 x + a_2 x^2$$ as $$a(0) + a(1) x + a(2) x^2$$, but I don't think that would be helpful. Caleb Stanford (talk) 03:45, 27 January 2022 (UTC)
* This was my suggestion, so I should weigh in on this. I have suggested this change for the following reasons:
* Like Caleb Stanford, the subscript notation is more common in my experience.
* People who don't have much mathematical background (and even some people who do) typically think of sequences as a separate type of entity, not as functions whose domain is the natural numbers.
* The sources of this article use the subscript notation.
* As Caleb Stanford noted, other Wikipedia articles use the subscript notation.
* As for your comments:
* The OEIS displays mathematical content, including sequenes, in ASCII, while Wikipedia uses uses LaTeX. I don't think we can regard it as a definitive guide for notation.
* From my personal experience, people without postsecondary mathematical background don't know that sequences are functions or that they can be written using function notation. Per WP:MTAU, such readers are part of our target audience to the greatest possible extent.
* Eric Rowland, does this address your objections? Streded (talk) 04:10, 27 January 2022 (UTC)
To-do list for Good article criteria (June 2022)
Trying to bring this to GA status eventually. Caleb Stanford (talk) 22:32, 22 June 2022 (UTC)
Primary to-dos
* Improve inline citations further
* We need a few more good textbook references to draw from.
* Concrete Tetrahedron is a solid reference, but covers only about half of the material in the article (mostly the more elementary stuff). Also, because it doesn't allow eventually-periodic we should avoid relying on it too heavily for citing results.
* I took a look at Concrete Mathematics but it doesn't cover most of the material in the article (in fact we could probably remove it from Further Reading).
* Probably some combinatorics and generating functions textbooks will cover the relevant material, that's where I will look first.
* ✅ (added ref to Stanley)
* We need references for every line in the Closure Properties table.
* ✅ (added refs to Stanley)
* Finally, a few statements in the lead still need references.
* ❌ per MOS:LEADCITE
* ❌ per MOS:LEADCITE
Degeneracy
I corrected your edit as I think you meant "if k = 1" not "if n = 1", but let me know if I got the result wrong! Caleb Stanford (talk) 23:41, 1 July 2024 (UTC)
* Thank you - I was transcribing directly from the book but then changed the letters to match with the article - that n slipped through the cracks it seems! GaseousButter (talk) 13:37, 4 July 2024 (UTC)
Skolem problem
"For example, the Skolem problem is decidable for sequences of order up to 4"
It would do to be more precise here - what is currently published in the literature is that the Skolem problem is decidable for algebraic sequences of order up to 3, and real algebraic sequences up to order 4. In fact, it is true that it is decidable for all algebraic sequences up to order 4 - I have a paper in the works about that so watch this space ;). But as of now what is written is a little ambiguous and potentially misleading. GaseousButter (talk) 13:48, 4 July 2024 (UTC)
* Thanks, I can fix this! From the source (Ouaknine and Worrell) I have: "Partial progress towards decidability of the Skolem Problem has been achieved by restricting the order of linear recurrence sequences. For sequences of order 1 and 2, decidability is relatively straightforward and considered to be folklore. Decidability for orders 3 and 4, however, had to wait until the 1980s before being independently settled positively by Mignotte, Shorey, and Tijdeman [13], as well as Vereshchagin"
* so I guess they are referring to real algebraic sequences? I can also check the original sources and add these. Or feel free to propose an edit. Thanks! Caleb Stanford (talk) 19:05, 6 July 2024 (UTC)
* Yes, in that source you cited the way they define a linear recurrence sequence is to be over the reals. I think the best thing to do is to cite the original sources (they're not the nicest things to read through being from the 80s). I might edit it myself in a bit but I was originally being lazy because I didn't want to figure out what the cleanest wording would be haha GaseousButter (talk) 19:02, 16 July 2024 (UTC) | WIKI |
Salsiz
Salsiz is a raw sausage originating in the Grisons. It is an air-dried or smoked sausage and it is produced in many different variants. It distinguishes itself from most other sausages by its rectangular profile.
Pork is used as the basic ingredient. Salsiz are also made with game meat such as deer, chamois or wild boar or with meat from other farm animals such as beef, horse, sheep/lamb. Salsiz is pressed and usually dried without being smoked.
The salsiz is eaten in one piece or sliced together with bread. It is also cooked in a few dishes, notably Capuns and Plain in Pigna, or used as an accompaniment, notably for Maluns. A regional red wine goes well with this, for example from the Bündner Herrschaft. | WIKI |
Page:Observations on Man 1834.djvu/261
arise from sensation; and that reflection is not a distinct source, as Mr. Locke makes it.
Secondly, Mr. Locke ascribes ideas to many words, which, as I have defined idea, cannot be said to have any immediate and precise ones; but only to admit of definitions. However, let definition be substituted instead of idea, in these cases, and then all Mr. Locke’s excellent rules concerning words, delivered in his third book, will suit the theory of these papers.
As to the first difference, which I think may be called an error in Mr. Locke, it is, however, of little consequence. We may conceive, that he called such ideas as he could analyse up to sensation, ideas of sensation; the rest ideas of reflection, using reflection, as a term of art, denoting an unknown quantity. Besides which, it may be remarked, that the words which, according to him, stand for ideas of reflection, are in general words, that, according to the theory of these papers, have no ideas, but definitions only. And thus the first difference is, as it were, taken away by the second; for, if these words have no immediate ideas, there will be no occasion to have recourse to reflection as a source of ideas; and, upon the whole, there is no material repugnancy between the consequences of this theory, and any thing advanced by Mr. Locke.
The ingenious Bishop Berkeley has justly observed against Mr. Locke, that there can be no such thing as abstract ideas, in the proper sense of the word idea. However, this does not seem to vitiate any considerable part of Mr. Locke’s reasoning. Substitute definition for idea in the proper places, and his conclusions will hold good in general.
Of Natural History.
Natural history is a branch of knowledge, which, at the first view, appears to have a boundless extent, and to be capable of the utmost practical precision and certainty, if sufficient care and industry be employed. And, in fact, the doubts and differences here are not very considerable; they do also grow less and less every day, by the great quantity of knowledge of this kind, which is poured in from all quarters, as learning and inquisitiveness diffuse themselves more and more amongst all nations, and all orders of men.
The materials for natural history, which any single person can collect from his own observation, being very inconsiderable, in respect of those which he wants, he is obliged to have recourse to others; and therefore must depend upon their testimony, just as in civil history. And our assent, in each case, being excited by a variety of concurrent proofs, and of coincident circumstances, transfers part of its authority upon the other. We believe testimony in natural history, because we do in civil, and vice versâ: and have a variety of concurrent confirmations in both cases. | WIKI |
Alkaloid
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Alkaloids are a group of naturally occurring chemical compounds that mostly contain basic nitrogen atoms.[1] This group also includes some related compounds with neutral[2] and even weakly acidic properties.[3] While the term originates with naturally occurring compounds, some synthetic compounds of similar structure are also termed alkaloids.[4]
Alkaloids are produced by a large variety of organisms including bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. They can be purified from crude extracts of these by acid-base extraction. They have a wide range of pharmacological properties including antimalarial, antiasthma (e.g. ephedrine), anticancer[5] cholinomimetic (e.g. galantamine),[6] vasodilatory, antiarrhythmic, analgesic (e.g. morphine),[7] antibacterial,[8] and anti-diabetic activities.[9] Although alkaloids act on a diversity of metabolic systems in humans and other animals, they almost uniformly evoke a bitter taste.[10]
In the context of psychonautics and recreational drug use, "alkaloids" refers to those in the family of alkaloids that specifically produce psychoactive effects. Alkaloids span the spectrum from stimulants (e.g. cocaine, caffeine, and nicotine), opioids (e.g. morphine and codeine) to deliriants (e.g. the principle components in datura) to psychedelics (e.g. DMT, psilocybin, and mescaline).[11]
Distribution in nature
Alkaloids are generated by various living organisms, especially by "higher plants" – about 10 to 25% of those contain alkaloids.[12][13] Therefore, in the past the term "alkaloid" was associated with plants.[14]
The alkaloids content in plants is usually within a few percent and is inhomogeneous over the plant tissues. Depending on the type of plants, the maximum concentration is observed in the leaves, fruits or seeds, or root or bark (cinchona).[15] Furthermore, different tissues of the same plants may contain different alkaloids.[16]
Beside plants, alkaloids are found in certain types of psychoactive fungi, such as psilocybin in the fungus of the genus Psilocybe, and in animals, such as bufotenin in the skin of some toads.[17] Many marine organisms also contain alkaloids.[18] Some amines, such as the monoamines adrenaline and serotonin, which play an important role in higher animals, are similar to alkaloids in their structure and biosynthesis and are sometimes called alkaloids.[19]
History
Alkaloid-containing plants have been used by humans since ancient times for therapeutic, spiritual and recreational purposes. For example, medicinal plants have been known in the Mesopotamia at least around 2000 BC.[20] The Odyssey of Homer referred to a gift given to Helen by the Egyptian queen, a drug bringing oblivion (speculated to be an opium-containing substance).[21] A Chinese book on houseplants written in 1st–3rd centuries BC mentioned a medical use of ephedra and opium poppies.[22] Also, coca leaves have been used by South American natives since ancient times.[23]
Studies of alkaloids began in the 19th century. In 1804, a German chemist isolated from opium a "soporific principle", which he called "morphium" in honor of Morpheus, the Greek god of dreams; in German and some other Central-European languages, this is still the name of the substance. The term "morphine", used in English and French, was given by a French physicist.
A significant contribution to the chemistry of alkaloids in the early years of its development was made by French researchers, who discovered quinine (1820) and strychnine (1818). Several other alkaloids were discovered around that time, including xanthine (1817), atropine (1819), caffeine (1820), coniine (1827), nicotine (1828), colchicine (1833), sparteine (1851), and cocaine (1860).[24]
The first complete synthesis of an alkaloid was achieved in 1886 by the German chemist Albert Ladenburg. The development of the chemistry of alkaloids was accelerated by the emergence of spectroscopic and chromatographic methods in the 20th century, so that by 2008 more than 12,000 alkaloids had been identified.[25]
See also
External links
References
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaloid | Alkaloid (Wikipedia)
2. IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (The "Gold Book"). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997). ISBN 0-9678550-9-8, doi:10.1351/goldbook
3. Manske, R. H. F. (1960). The alkaloids: chemistry and physiology (Vol. 7). Academic Press. 673.
4. Robert Alan Lewis. Lewis' dictionary of toxicology. CRC Press, 1998, p. 51 ISBN 1-56670-223-2
5. Kittakoop, P., Mahidol, C., & Ruchirawat, S. (2014). Alkaloids as important scaffolds in therapeutic drugs for the treatments of cancer, tuberculosis, and smoking cessation. Current topics in medicinal chemistry, 14(2), 239-252. PMID: 24359196
6. Russo, P., Frustaci, A., Del Bufalo, A., Fini, M., & Cesario, A. (2013). Multitarget drugs of plants origin acting on Alzheimer's disease. Current medicinal chemistry, 20(13), 1686-1693. PMID: 23410167
7. Sinatra, R. S., Jahr, J. S., & Watkins-Pitchford, J. M. (Eds.). (2010). The essence of analgesia and analgesics. Cambridge University Press. 82–90. ISBN: 1139491989
8. Cushnie TP, Cushnie B, Lamb AJ. Alkaloids: An overview of their antibacterial, antibiotic-enhancing and antivirulence activities. Int J Antimicrob Agents, 44(5). 377–386. PMID: 25130096. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.06.001
9. Shi, Q. I. U., Hui, S.U.N., Zhang, A. H., Hong-Ying, X. U., Guang-Li, Y. A. N., Ying, H. A. N., & Xi-Jun, W. A. N. G. (2014). Natural alkaloids: basic aspects, biological roles, and future perspectives. Chinese journal of natural medicines, 12(6), 401-406. pmid: 24969519. doi: 10.1016/S1875-5364(14)60063-7
10. Rhoades, D. F. (1979). Evolution of plant chemical defense against herbivores. Herbivores: their interaction with secondary plant metabolites. Academic Press, New York, 41.
11. Begley, Tadhg P. (2009). Encyclopedia of Chemical Biology. Wiley. doi:10.1002/cbic.200900262. ISBN 978-0-471-75477-0.
12. Aniszewski, Tadeusz (2007). Alkaloids – secrets of life. 13. Amsterdam: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-444-52736-3.
13. Orekhov, AP (1955). 11. Chemistry alkaloids (Acad. 2 ed.). M.: USSR.
14. Hesse, Manfred (2002). Alkaloids: Nature's Curse or Blessing? 4. Wiley-VCH. ISBN 978-3-906390-24-6.
15. Grinkevich, pp. 122–123
16. Orekhov, p. 12
17. Hesse, Manfred (2002). Alkaloids: Nature's Curse or Blessing? 338. Wiley-VCH. ISBN 978-3-906390-24-6.
18. Fattorusso, p. XVII
19. Aniszewski, Tadeusz (2007). Alkaloids – secrets of life. 110-111. Amsterdam: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-444-52736-3.
20. Aniszewski, Tadeusz (2007). Alkaloids – secrets of life. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 182. ISBN: 978-0-444-52736-3.
21. Hesse, Manfred (2002). Alkaloids: Nature's Curse or Blessing? 338. Wiley-VCH. ISBN 978-3-906390-24-6.
22. Hesse, Manfred (2002). Alkaloids: Nature's Curse or Blessing?. 304. Wiley-VCH. ISBN 978-3-906390-24-6.
23. Hesse, Manfred (2002). Alkaloids: Nature's Curse or Blessing?. 350. Wiley-VCH. ISBN 978-3-906390-24-6.
24. Hesse, Manfred (2002). Alkaloids: Nature's Curse or Blessing?. 313-316. Wiley-VCH. ISBN 978-3-906390-24-6.
25. Begley, Tadhg P. (2009). Encyclopedia of Chemical Biology. Wiley. doi:10.1002/cbic.200900262. ISBN 978-0-471-75477-0. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Field Notes on Science & Nature
Field Notes on Science & Nature
EDITED BY MICHAEL R. CANFIELD
Copyright Date: 2011
Published by: Harvard University Press
https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt2jbxgp
• Cite this Item
• Book Info
Field Notes on Science & Nature
Book Description:
What did George Schaller note when studying the lions of the Serengeti? How does Piotr Naskrecki use relational databases and electronic field notes? In what way is Bernd Heinrich's approach "truly Thoreauvian," in E. O. Wilson's view? Pioneering a new niche in the study of plants and animals in their native habitat, Field Notes on Science and Nature allows readers to peer over the shoulders and into the notebooks of a dozen eminent field workers, to study firsthand their methods, materials, and fleeting impressions. Recording field observations is an indispensable scientific skill, but researchers are not generally willing to share their personal records. Here, for the first time, are reproductions of actual pages from notebooks. And in essays abounding with fascinating anecdotes, the authors reflect on the contexts in which the notes were taken. Covering disciplines as diverse as ecology, paleontology, anthropology, botany, and animal behavior, Field Notes offers specific examples that professional naturalists can emulate to fine-tune their own field methods, along with practical advice that amateur naturalists and students can use to document their adventures.
eISBN: 978-0-674-06084-5
Subjects: General Science, Biological Sciences, History, Ecology & Evolutionary Biology
Table of Contents
1. Front Matter
(pp. i-v)
2. Table of Contents
(pp. vi-vii)
3. FOREWORD
(pp. ix-xvi)
EDWARD O. WILSON
THE SECOND HALF OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY witnessed the rise of molecular and cellular biology, one of the greatest achievements in the history of science. The study of living things at the molecular level established what may be fairly called the First Law of Biology, that all the entities and processes of life are obedient to the laws of physics and chemistry. This research succeeded in part because it focused on several dozen species of “model organisms” to explore particular basic problems, for example, the colon bacterium E. coli for molecular genetics, the roundworm C. elegans for the molecular underpinnings...
4. Introduction
(pp. 1-18)
MICHAEL R. CANFIELD
THOSE WHO STUDY NATURE are bound by a shared curiosity and common traditions. Whether tracking gorillas in the Congo or terns above the Arctic Circle, those who take to the field seek information on how organisms live and behave, how they interact, and how the world has been shaped by the forces of nature. This work is rich not only because of the immeasurable diversity of life, but also because of the human experience that inevitably arises with the study, adventure, and once-in-a-lifetime sightings that take place in the field. Along with these intellectual and aesthetic ties, field scientists share...
5. 1 The Pleasure of Observing
(pp. 19-32)
GEORGE B. SCHALLER
THE LION PRIDE, consisting of three maned males, seven females, four large cubs, and six small cubs, finally stirs itself after hours of indolence. It is shortly after midnight, and a moon suffuses the Serengeti plains with silver so bright that the lions cast shadows. I use no artificial light to observe the animals. It might disturb their potential prey. Nothing violates the vast silence except the distant whoop of a spotted hyena. Brittle grass crackles beneath the lions’ heavy tread. One lioness, a little apart from the others, begins to dig at a warthog burrow, sweeping sandy soil backward...
6. 2 Untangling the Bank
(pp. 33-48)
BERND HEINRICH
IT ALL STARTED when I was eight years old. I began running along the gravel roads near my childhood home, keeping my young eyes open for beetles and birds. By the time I was in high school in Maine, I had graduated from going barefoot most of the time to wearing a pair of canvas shoes with hard black rubber soles. This official running attire transformed my running into a more serious pastime when, as a junior, I made it onto the roster of our high school team. To establish rewards for myself, I purchased a pocket-sized spiral notebook that...
7. 3 One and a Half Cheers for List-Keeping
(pp. 49-66)
KENN KAUFMAN
IN SERIOUS STUDIES of bird distribution, an annotated list of species detected is at the heart of an effective set of field notes. In recreational birding, a list of species detected is at the heart of one of the most frivolous games ever devised. This shared element has led to persistent confusion, at least among birders, between the scientific act of keeping field notes and the game of list-chasing. That in itself is reason enough for a discussion of listing to be included in this volume. But beyond that, the phenomenon of list-keeping is worth examining in its own right,...
8. 4 A Reflection of the Truth
(pp. 67-88)
ROGER KITCHING
THE CITY OF HULL was, some would say still is, an unprepossessing place. I was born just outside that city in the tiny seaside town of to which my mother had fled to avoid the exigencies of the German blitzkrieg of 1944. Yet it was to the low-lying, fish-smelling, trawling of Hull that we returned, and I spent my childhood and school years that city. This was also where I became an obsessive naturalist.
The city was not, at first glance, an obvious place to become with wild nature—but first glances are often misleading. in the 1940s and 1950s...
9. 5 Linking Researchers across Generations
(pp. 89-108)
ANNA K. BEHRENSMEYER
AS A PALEONTOLOGIST, I spend countless sun-backed hours exploring rocky landscapes searching for time capsules. What I discover is just an unrecognizable fragment, but sometimes I find a breathtaking skull or a bonebed that immediately opens a window through time, showing what life was like millions of years in the past. The intense planning and gritty toil that go into this work are validated by the knowledge I gain from these specimens and the rocks that encase them. Some of this new understanding is distilled into scientific papers, which is gratifying to me and may be informative and even exciting...
10. 6 The Spoken and the Unspoken
(pp. 109-128)
KAREN L. KRAMER
HUMANS ARE COMPLICATED. As an anthropologist who works with humans living in traditional societies, I seek to understand aspects of the human experience that relate to how we evolved as organisms, how societies are constructed, and how they function. Living in traditional societies in remote areas of Mexico, South America, and Madagascar, I have forged relationships with people who have ways of life very different from my own, with whom I live very closely, and who are also the subject of my research. My field notes are contained in maps, data sheets, notebooks, and journals that approach this experience from...
11. 7 In the Eye of the Beholder
(pp. 129-160)
JONATHAN KINGDON
THE HUMBLEST FIELD RECORD is always an act of translation. Whatever is recorded, whether animal behaving, plant yielding, dawn revealing: all have to be processed by human senses and translated into words, numbers, sketches, photographs, or any one of many other communicative conventions or devices that serve to inform other humans. The historical beginnings of those conventions may be recent and highly technical or take us way back into history or prehistory, but at the individual level every one of us learns the techniques and conventions of recording data from mentors, peers, or media such as this book.
Many of...
12. 8 Why Sketch?
(pp. 161-186)
JENNY KELLER
FROM DA VINCI TO DARWIN, drawing has a long and illustrious history as a means of scientific investigation and communication. In this chapter, I hope to make it clear that this practice still maintains its relevance to scientists and naturalists. Although technological innovations have provided powerful new tools for documenting information, all field scientists can benefit from understanding how to think visually and can use simple drawing techniques to improve the way that they document their corner of the natural world.
Why should your field notes include drawings? For one thing, drawing makes you look more carefully at your subject....
13. 9 The Evolution and Fate Botanical Field Books
(pp. 187-200)
JAMES L. REVEAL
BOTANICAL FIELD BOOKS ARE A DEEPLY PERSONAL CREATION. There is no model, standard, or requirement for creating or maintaining notes in these books. That they are valuable and useful goes without saying—to future researchers and historians—but even now they are rapidly fading from the traditional norm of handwritten words on pages in a bound book.
My own effort began in 1958 as part of an advanced biology class at Sonora Union High School in California and continues today as I sit at a computer at Cornell University. My experiences probably are fairly typical of my generation of botanists....
14. 10 Note-Taking for Pencilophobes
(pp. 201-210)
PIOTR NASKRECKI
WHILE CANNOT CLAIM that I invented it, I am pretty sure that I have perfected the horizontal filing system for papers, books, or any other objects that are flat enough so that they can be placed upon one another without falling, at least until a certain critical height is reached. This system, also known as the stratigraphic filing method, is based on the simple principle, analogous to sedimentation and familiar to every geologist, that the oldest documents accumulate at the bottom of a pile, with the layers getting progressively younger as they are deposited at the top. Of course, like...
15. 11 Letters to the Future
(pp. 211-250)
JHON D. PERRINE and JAMES L. PATTON
IT WAS DUSK in the mountains of California. As the midsummer sun slipped behind the rocky crags, the field team from the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (MVZ) conducted one of the day’s most important tasks. After a long day of checking traplines and preparing voucher specimens, their camp was quiet except for the gentle rasp of pens on paper as the team recorded the day’s details into their field notebooks. Upon their return to Berkeley, their field notes would be collected, bound, and archived along with the specimens that now lay neatly pinned upon the drying boards around camp. Perhaps,...
16. 12 Why Keep a Field Notebook?
(pp. 251-274)
ERICK GREENE
I STUDY ANIMAL BEHAVIOR and ecology, and I have kept field notebooks for as long as I can remember. My field notebooks contain data connected with a specific project I am working on as well as a hodge-podge of miscellaneous observations, questions that come to mind, notes to myself, and descriptions of interesting natural history. These field notebooks are crucial for my research projects. I find that they are also the main source of ideas that takes my research in new directions. I often return to them for the pure enjoyment of reliving special field experiences in some amazing corners...
17. NOTES
(pp. 277-284)
18. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
(pp. 285-288)
19. CONTRIBUTORS
(pp. 289-292)
20. INDEX
(pp. 293-298) | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
1979 Detroit Lions season
The 1979 Detroit Lions season was the 50th season in franchise history. In the midst of a major rebuilding project, the woeful Lions finished the season with a 2–14 record, equal-worst record in the NFL and a tiebreaker with the 49ers gave the Lions the first pick overall in the 1980 NFL Draft. Detroit entered the year as a favorite in the NFC Central, but a season-ending injury to quarterback Gary Danielson in the preseason forced the Lions to ultimately turn to a rookie ninth-round pick, Jeff Komlo, behind center, with disastrous results.
Schedule
Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text.
Receiving
Note: Rec = Receptions; Yds = Yards; Avg = Average Yards per Reception; TD = Touchdowns | WIKI |
Charlie Watts
Charles Robert Watts (2 June 1941 – 24 August 2021) was an English musician who was the drummer of the Rolling Stones from 1963 until his death in 2021.
Originally trained as a graphic artist, Watts developed an interest in jazz at a young age and joined the band Blues Incorporated. He also started playing drums in London's rhythm and blues clubs, where he met future bandmates Mick Jagger, Keith Richards and Brian Jones. In January 1963, he left Blues Incorporated and joined the Rolling Stones as drummer, while doubling as designer of their record sleeves and tour stages. Watts's first public appearance as a permanent member was in February 1963; he remained with the band for 58 years until his death, at which time he, Jagger and Richards were the only members of the band to have performed on every one of their studio albums.
Nicknamed "the Wembley Whammer" by Jagger, Watts cited jazz as a major influence on his drumming style. Aside from his career with the Rolling Stones, Watts toured with his own group, the Charlie Watts Quintet, and appeared in London at Ronnie Scott's Jazz Club with the Charlie Watts Tentet.
In 1989, Watts was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame with the Rolling Stones, and in 2004, he was inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame, also with the Rolling Stones. He has been ranked among the greatest drummers of all time.
Early life
Charles Robert Watts was born at University College Hospital in Bloomsbury, London, to Charles Richard Watts, a lorry driver for the London, Midland and Scottish Railway, and wife Lillian Charlotte (née Eaves), who had been a factory worker. He had a sister, Linda (born 1944), with whom he was close.
As a child, Watts lived in Wembley, at 23 Pilgrims Way. Many of Wembley's houses had been destroyed by Luftwaffe bombs during World War II; Watts and his family lived in a prefab, as did many in the community. Watts would remember little of the Second World War, stating "I heard bombs exploding in the neighbourhood. I remember the mad rush from the house into the air-raid shelters. I was very young. War was something of a game to me – I don't think I ever really and truly got frightened."
In 1946, Watts met neighbour Dave Green, who had moved next door at 22 Pilgrims Way; they became childhood friends, and remained so until Watts's death. Green became a jazz bass player, and recalls that as boys, "we discovered 78rpm records. Charlie had more records than I did ... We used to go to Charlie's bedroom and just get these records out." Watts's earliest records were jazz recordings; he remembered owning 78 RPM records of Jelly Roll Morton and Charlie Parker. Green recalls that Watts also "had the one with Monk and the Johnny Dodds Trio. Charlie was ahead of me in listening and acquisitions." Green and Watts would become bandmates in many of Charlie's jazz projects.
Watts and his family subsequently moved to Kingsbury, where he attended Tylers Croft Secondary Modern School from 1952 to 1956; as a schoolboy, he displayed a talent for art, music, cricket and football. When he and Green were both about thirteen, Watts became interested in drumming:
"I bought a banjo, and I didn't like the dots on the neck. So I took the neck off, and at the same time I heard a drummer called Chico Hamilton, who played with Gerry Mulligan, and I wanted to play like that, with brushes. I didn't have a snare drum, so I put the banjo head on a stand."
Watts's parents gave him his first drum kit in 1955, and he practised drumming along to jazz records he collected. After completing secondary school, Watts enrolled at Harrow Art School (now the Harrow campus of the University of Westminster), which he attended until 1960.
Jazz bands and Blues Incorporated
After leaving art school, he worked as a graphic designer for an advertising company called Charlie Daniels Studios, and also played drums occasionally with local bands in coffee shops and clubs. He and Green began their musical careers together from 1958 to 1959, playing in a jazz band in Middlesex called the Jo Jones All Stars. Watts initially found his transition to rhythm and blues puzzling: "I went into rhythm and blues. When they asked me to play, I didn't know what it was. I thought it meant Charlie Parker, played slow."
In 1961, Watts met Alexis Korner, who invited him to join his band Blues Incorporated. At that time, Watts was on his way to a sojourn working as a graphic designer in Denmark, but he accepted Korner's offer when he returned to London in February 1962. Watts played regularly with Blues Incorporated and maintained a job with the advertising firm Charles, Hobson and Gray.
Career with the Rolling Stones
In mid-1962, Watts first met Brian Jones, Ian "Stu" Stewart, Mick Jagger and Keith Richards, who also frequented the London rhythm and blues clubs, but it was not until January 1963 that Watts finally agreed to join the Rolling Stones. Initially, the band could not afford to pay Watts, who had been earning a regular salary from his gigs. His first public appearance as a permanent member was at the Ealing Jazz Club on 2 February 1963. Watts was often introduced as "The Wembley Whammer" by Jagger during live concerts.
Besides his work as a musician, Watts contributed graphic art and comic strips to early Rolling Stones records such as the Between the Buttons record sleeve, and was responsible for the 1975 tour announcement press conference in New York City. The band surprised the throng of waiting reporters by driving and playing "Brown Sugar" on the back of a flatbed truck in the middle of Manhattan traffic. Watts remembered this was a common way for New Orleans jazz bands to promote upcoming dates. Moreover, with Jagger, he designed the elaborate stages for tours, first contributing to the lotus-shaped design of the Tour of the Americas, as well as the Steel Wheels/Urban Jungle Tour, the Bridges to Babylon Tour, the Licks Tour, and the A Bigger Bang Tour.
Watts's last live concert with the band was 30 August 2019 at Hard Rock Stadium in Miami, Florida. He had never missed a single concert throughout his career with the band. Besides Jagger and Richards, he is the only member to have appeared on every album in the Rolling Stones discography.
In October 2023, two years after Watts's death, the Rolling Stones released Hackney Diamonds. The album features two songs on which Watts plays the drums: "Mess It Up" and "Live By The Sword".
Activities outside the Stones
Watts was involved in many activities outside his life as a member of the Rolling Stones. In December 1964, he published a cartoon tribute to Charlie Parker titled Ode to a High Flying Bird. Although he made his name in rock, his personal tastes lay principally in jazz.
In the late 1970s, he joined Ian Stewart in the back-to-the-roots boogie-woogie band Rocket 88, which featured many of the UK's top jazz, rock and R&B musicians. In the 1980s, he toured worldwide with a big band – the Charlie Watts Orchestra – that included such names as Evan Parker, Courtney Pine and Jack Bruce, who was also a member of Rocket 88.
In 1991, he organised a jazz quintet as another tribute to Charlie Parker. The year 1993 saw the release of Warm and Tender by the Charlie Watts Quintet, which included vocalist Bernard Fowler. This same group released Long Ago and Far Away in 1996. Both records included a collection of Great American Songbook standards. Following their collaboration on the Rolling Stones' 1997 album Bridges to Babylon, he and drummer Jim Keltner released a techno/instrumental album titled Charlie Watts/Jim Keltner Project. Watts stated that even though the tracks bore such names as the "Elvin Suite" in honour of the late Elvin Jones, Max Roach and Roy Haynes, they were not copying their style of drumming, but rather capturing a feeling by those artists. Watts at Scott's was recorded with his group, "the Charlie Watts Tentet", at the Ronnie Scott's Jazz Club in London.
In April 2009, he began performing with the ABC&D of Boogie Woogie. When asked by pianist Ben Waters to join the ensemble, he quickly agreed; his only demand being that Dave Green play bass, stating, "If Dave does it, I'll do it."
Personal life and public image
On 14 October 1964, Watts married Shirley Ann Shepherd (11 September 1938 – 16 December 2022), whom he had met before joining the Stones in 1963. The couple had one daughter, Seraphina, born in March 1968, who in turn gave birth to Watts's only grandchild, a girl named Charlotte. Watts and Shirley were married for 57 years, until Watts's death in 2021.
Watts lived at Halsdon House near Dolton, a rural village in North Devon, where he owned an Arabian horse stud farm. He also owned a percentage of the Rolling Stones' various corporate entities.
While all the Rolling Stones collected cars, Watts never had a driving licence, preferring to view his cars as beautiful objects. Watts was also a fan of cricket, and had a collection of cricket memorabilia.
Touring and band relationships
Watts expressed a love–hate attitude towards touring, stating in 2003 that he "loved playing with Keith [Richards] and the band" but "wasn't interested in being a pop idol sitting there with girls screaming". He left the band after every tour, once stating "I don't actually like touring", citing the time commitment and travel required. In 1989, the Rolling Stones were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Watts did not attend the ceremony.
Watts's personal life appeared to be substantially quieter than those of his bandmates and many of his rock-and-roll colleagues; onstage, he seemed to furnish a calm and amused counterpoint to his flamboyant bandmates. Known for his loyalty to Shirley, Watts consistently refused sexual offers from groupies on the road; in Robert Greenfield's STP: A Journey Through America with The Rolling Stones, a documentary of the 1972 American Tour, it is noted that when the group was invited to the Playboy Mansion during that tour, Watts took advantage of Hugh Hefner's game room instead of frolicking with the women. "I've never filled the stereotype of the rock star", he remarked. "Back in the '70s, Bill Wyman and I decided to grow beards, and the effort left us exhausted." In a 1996 interview with Rolling Stone magazine, he said that he had sketched every bed he had slept on while on tour since 1967. By 2001, he had filled 12 to 15 diaries.
One anecdote relates that in the mid-1980s, an intoxicated Jagger phoned Watts's hotel room in the middle of the night, asking, "Where's my drummer?" Watts reportedly got up, shaved, dressed in a suit, put on a tie and freshly shined shoes, descended the stairs, and punched Jagger in the face, saying: "Never call me your drummer again. You're my fucking singer!" He expressed regret for the incident in 2003, attributing his behaviour to alcohol.
Health
In the mid-1980s, Watts's previously moderate use of alcohol and drugs became excessive. "[They were] my way of dealing with [family problems] ..." he said. "I think it was a mid-life crisis. All I know is that I became totally another person around 1983 and came out of it about 1986. I nearly lost my wife and everything over my behaviour."
Despite quitting smoking in the late 1980s, Watts was diagnosed with throat cancer in June 2004. He underwent a course of radiotherapy and the cancer went into remission. "I went into hospital," Watts recalled, "and eight months later Mick said, 'We're going to do a record. But we'll only do it when you're ready.' They were buggering about, writing songs, and when I was ready I went down and that was it, A Bigger Bang. Then I did a two-year tour. It seems that whenever we stop, I get ill. So maybe I should carry on!"
On 5 August 2021, it was reported that Watts had elected to sit out the resumption of the U.S. No Filter Tour due to heart surgery and that Steve Jordan would temporarily replace him on drums.
Death and tributes
Watts died at a London hospital on 24 August 2021, at age 80, with his family around him. Although the cause of death was never officially stated, Keith Richards mentioned in March 2022 that Watts had cancer.
Watts's former bandmates Jagger, Richards, Wood and Wyman, all paid tribute to him. Many other celebrities and rock musicians paid tribute to Watts on his death, including Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr, Elton John, Brian Wilson, Pete Townshend, Nick Mason, Roger Daltrey, the members of U2, Bryan Adams, Liam Gallagher, Brian May, Roger Taylor, Kenney Jones, Chad Smith, Questlove, Peter Criss, and Max Weinberg. For 10 days, the contents of the Rolling Stones' official website were replaced with a single picture of Watts in his memory.
Two days after his death, Jason Isbell and Brittney Spencer dedicated a cover performance of "Gimme Shelter" to Watts. On 27 August, the band's social media accounts shared a video tribute to Watts consisting of a montage of pictures and film footage. The montage was set to the Rolling Stones' 1974 track "If You Can't Rock Me", which opens with the lines "The band's on stage and it's one of those nights ... / The drummer thinks that he is dynamite, oh yeah". Watts was buried in Devon after a small ceremony. An authorised biography was released in October 2022.
On the first anniversary of Watts's death, Jagger shared what Rolling Stone described as a "moving tribute" on social media, which included a voiceover by Jagger backed with "Till the Next Goodbye". To commemorate what would have been his 82nd birthday, Watts's estate launched official Facebook and Instagram accounts on 2 June 2023, saying in a statement that "Charlie was too modest to embrace social media in his lifetime" and encouraging fans to "celebrate his huge musical contribution to the world of rock 'n' roll, blues and jazz, and the wonderful man known and loved to the millions of fans around the world". In September 2023 his private book collection was set to be put up for auction; his signed first edition of The Great Gatsby was expected to fetch between £200,000–300,000. In January 2024, the Bayeux Museum in France announced that it had paid £16,000 to acquire a lifesize replica of the Bayeux Tapestry from Watt’s estate.
Drumming
In 1991, The Guardian described Watts as an "heroic yet quaint archetype ... of the 'Rock Drummer', and we are unlikely to hear their like again". The Guardian attributed his professional survival to not ever aspiring for stardom nor forcing himself into songwriting.
In the July 2006 issue of Modern Drummer magazine, Watts was voted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame, joining Ringo Starr, Keith Moon, Steve Gadd, Buddy Rich and other highly esteemed and influential drummers from the history of rock and jazz. The music critic Robert Christgau called Watts "rock's greatest drummer". Unlike in most bands where the other musicians follow the lead of the drummer, Watts followed Richards; according to New York Times critic Michiko Kakutani, that is what "makes the Stones impossible to copy".
He is often regarded as one of the greatest drummers of all time. In 2016, he was ranked 12th on Rolling Stone's "100 Greatest Drummers of All Time" list. Variety wrote on the day he died that he was "universally recognized as one of the greatest rock drummers of all time". Music critic Rob Sheffield wrote for Rolling Stone that Watts was "rock's ultimate drum god" who "made the Stones great by conceding nothing to them". Roger Taylor of Duran Duran cites Watts as "an incredible drummer and one of my heroes".
Appearance
The Daily Telegraph named him one of the World's Best Dressed Men. In 2006, Vanity Fair elected Watts into the International Best Dressed Hall of Fame List.
Solo
Studio albums
* From One Charlie – as the Charlie Watts Quintet (1991, Continuum Records)
* Warm and Tender – as the Charlie Watts Quintet (1993, Continuum Records)
* Long Ago and Far Away – as the Charlie Watts Quintet (1996, Virgin Records)
* Charlie Watts-Jim Keltner Project – as Charlie-Watts-Jim Keltner Project (2000, Cyber Octave Records)
* The Magic of Boogie Woogie – as the ABC&D of Boogie Woogie (2010, Vagabond Records)
Live albums
* Live at Fulham Town Hall – as the Charlie Watts Orchestra (1986, Columbia Records)
* A Tribute to Charlie Parker with Strings – as the Charlie Watts Quintet (1992, Continuum Records)
* Watts at Scott's – as the Charlie Watts Tentet (2004, Sanctuary Records)
* Live in Paris – as The ABC&D of Boogie Woogie (2012, Eagle Records)
* Charlie Watts Meets the Danish Radio Big Band (Live with DR Big Band at Copenhagen 2010) (2017, Impulse! Records)
Other appearances
* "Blues in the Cave" and "Laughing in Rhythm" for Vol pour Sidney (Aller) (1992)
With Willie and the Poor Boys
* Willie and the Poor Boys (1985) | WIKI |
Medication Adherence and Chronic Condition Management
chronic condition management
Receiving a diagnosis of a chronic condition can be life-changing for a patient. One might imagine they’d be willing to do just about anything to relieve their symptoms and prevent their condition from worsening. However, only 50% of patients who need specialized medications for chronic condition management take their medications as prescribed. As healthcare providers and insurers who are also impacted by nonadherence, it’s essential to understand the connections between chronic conditions and medication adherence and identify the tools that can prevent disease state progression.
The challenges of chronic condition management
First, let’s acknowledge that the term “chronic condition management” recognizes that chronic conditions must be managed. That means time and effort is invested in simply coexisting with a chronic condition. For many patients, that takes adjustment and change which, in itself, can be taxing, physically and mentally. Solid relationships with patients and their care teams, including clinical pharmacists, can help alleviate some of those challenges and connect patients with appropriate support mechanisms.
Exacerbating the stress of a chronic condition diagnosis are the potential healthcare costs. In fact, 90% of the country’s $4.1 trillion annual healthcare costs are attributable to individuals with chronic conditions. In addition to doctor’s visits and other treatments, the high cost of pharmaceuticals required to manage a chronic condition is also a concern and a major cause of medication non-adherence.
An additional challenge to managing chronic conditions is managing not just a care team made up of a variety of specialists and caregivers but also the number and variety of medications prescribed by those specialists. There’s no doubt that medications play an important role in chronic condition management, but ensuring that all are appropriate and avoid contraindications is vital and, in some cases, can be complex.
The role of medication in chronic condition management
While there are a variety of treatment modalities used to help manage chronic conditions, including surgery, physical therapy, radiotherapy, and diet and exercise, prescription medications play an important role in healthcare, especially in the treatment of chronic conditions. Adding complexity, managing multiple chronic conditions simultaneously can require an extensive medication regimen, illustrating the need for clinical experts to help patients manage their health. One example of medication in chronic condition management is diabetic medications. Diabetic patients benefit from a myriad of medications to directly improve their disease management, like insulin, and others to prevent downstream cardiovascular problems, like statins.
Perhaps the clearest sign that specialized medications and their development play an important role in ongoing care is the speed with which they’re being developed today. Those medications are increasingly becoming an important part of a care team’s toolbox and are effective in improving healthcare outcomes for patients with chronic conditions.
The role of clinical pharmacists in chronic condition management
The expertise and importance of clinical pharmacists are often overlooked, despite their vast depth of knowledge as healthcare’s foremost medication experts. For example, as oral oncolytic therapy replaces traditional intravenous chemotherapy treatment methods, new complexities around driving patient adherence and persistence arise. Issues like minimizing medication-medication/food-medication interactions impact patients during the most vulnerable of times and that are the gap that a clinical pharmacist steps into.
From complex multi-medication regimens to understanding proper administration and navigating the uncertainties of high-cost specialized medications, several barriers exist in preventing patients from being their healthiest. There is a clear need for strong patient engagement. Further, the need for highly coordinated, team-based care has never been greater. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) is acutely aware of the need for proper medication use to manage chronic conditions. That’s why Medicare Star Ratings include criteria to measure health plans’ performance in maintaining member health, for example, the statin use in persons with diabetes (SUPD) measure. This measure addresses the fact that future disease state progression in diabetic patients can be prevented by simply adhering to their statin medication, a goal that pharmacists can help them achieve.
chronic pain
Clinical pharmacists obviously take on the role of team experts when it comes to managing and optimizing medications to treat chronic conditions. In that respect, they work closely with other providers on the team from doctors and surgeons to nurses and even caregivers. Among their primary, but not often noted, roles is that of relationship builder.
The relationship a clinical pharmacist develops with a patient fosters the kind of trust and honesty a team of caregivers needs to accurately diagnose and treat. They enable a comprehensive and patient-centered treatment plan that connects all parts of the care team to the patient.
How medication adherence impacts chronic condition management
Medication adherence, when it comes to chronic condition management, can be challenging. As noted above, patients with chronic conditions are likely struggling with several factors that can hinder medication adherence including:
• Complex care teams
• Healthcare costs
• Complex conditions with difficult-to-treat symptoms
• Psychological impact and medical fatigue
• Symptoms that impede memory, mobility, and more
• Availability and accessibility of specialized medications
To start, medication adherence is directly tied to better health outcomes when it comes to chronic conditions. Not only that, but medication non-adherence has significant impacts on the chronically ill and can, in worst-case scenarios lead to worsening health or even death. For example, nonadherence in those with cardiovascular disease results in hospitalization rates increasing by 10-40% and the risk of mortality by 50-80%.
The risk to the patient is clear, but those consequences also have a significant impact on caregivers who are tasked with keeping patients healthy. Unfortunately, a patient who cannot adhere to medication schedules or regimens means overburdened caregivers may also lapse in medication management. Overall care is then, again, impacted and health outcomes are at risk. Simply put–medications don’t work if they aren’t taken.
Advantages of a pharmacist-led approach
What is the solution to improving medication adherence in chronic condition patients? A pharmacist-led approach to care. We know that medications are critical to the maintenance of patient’s health and are some of the largest drivers of cost for health plans. Doesn’t it make sense for medication experts (clinical pharmacists) to proactively review and optimize patient medications?
More so than other clinicians, pharmacists possess the in-depth medication knowledge necessary to remove adherence barriers by educating about the benefits, risks, side effects, and interactions of all the medications that a patient is taking. Rather than using a parental or scolding tone, pharmacists take an empathetic, educational approach to patient consultations that build long-term relationships for better care.
Patients with chronic conditions have specialists to help with the management of those conditions such as a cardiologist to treat heart conditions or an oncologist to treat cancer, it’s time to make room on the care team for the top medication specialists, and clinical pharmacists. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
The STATE of Ohio, Appellee, v. SMITH, Appellant.
[Cite as State v. Smith (1998), 126 Ohio App.3d 193.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio, Seventh District, Mahoning County.
No. 96 C.A. 83.
Decided Feb. 11, 1998.
Dionne M. Almasy, Youngstown City Prosecutor, and Michael Maillis, Assistant City Prosecutor, for appellee.
Warren “Bo” Pritchard and Robert R. Melnick, for appellant.
Cox, Judge.
This matter presents a timely appeal from a decision rendered by the Youngstown Municipal Court, Mahoning County, Ohio, denying the motion to arrest judgment filed by defendant-appellant, Alan Smith.
Appellant Alan Smith was charged with menacing by stalking in violation of R.C. 2903.211 as a result of his alleged conduct in following the complainant-doctor during his travels through the city of Youngstown on several occasions from October 1993 through June 18,1994. It was claimed that appellant engaged in a pattern of conduct which caused the complainant to believe that appellant would cause him physical harm and/or mental distress. Following discovery, this matter proceeded to jury trial.
The complainant in this case testified at trial with regard to appellant’s conduct concerning the three specific dates set forth by plaintiff-appellee, state of Ohio, in its bill of particulars which was filed with the trial court. The complainant offered that on both October 16, 1993 and October 23, 1993, appellant followed him from his place of employment at the Mahoning Women’s Center located on Market Street in Youngstown, Ohio, pulled his vehicle beside the vehicle being operated by the complainant and continually stared at him. The complainant stated that appellant’s actions caused him mental distress because he did not know what appellant’s intentions were or what he would do.
I am going to teach you. And where is your wife.” Because of appellant’s behavior, the complainant stated that he and his family changed their normal routines and lived with the constant fear that something was going to happen to them. The complainant testified that his wife had to seek psychological counseling and that he sought spiritual counseling from his church pastor.
Appellant did not testify at trial on his own behalf. However, witnesses testifying for him basically attested to his character and his nature as a nonviolent individual who rarely, if ever, uttered profane words. None of the witnesses who testified on appellant’s behalf had personal knowledge or were able to speak about the events for which appellant was charged and which were specifically delineated in appellee’s bill of particulars.
On February 3, 1995, the jury ultimately found appellant guilty of menacing by stalking. The trial court rendered judgment upon the jury verdict, and appellant was sentenced to an incarceration term of one hundred eighty days, with one hundred twenty being suspended, was ordered to pay a fine of $1,000, with $500 being suspended, and was required to serve probation for a period of one year.
On February 17, 1995, appellant’s counsel filed a pleading with the trial court styled as a Civ.R. 50(B) motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict. On March 3, 1995, appellant’s counsel filed a notice of appeal directed to the February 3, 1995 verdict and sentencing order with the court of appeals clerk. A copy of the notice of appeal was not properly filed with the trial court until March 8, 1995. By journal entry filed January 4, 1996, this court sua sponte dismissed appellant’s appeal as being untimely filed.
Subsequent to this court’s dismissal order, on April 18,1996 the trial court filed its judgment entry construing appellant’s motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict to be a motion to arrest judgment pursuant to Crim.R. 34 and denying it. Appellant then filed another notice of appeal on May 10, 1996. By journal entry filed July 15, 1996, this court denied appellant’s request to reinstate his original appeal and specifically provided that its review in this matter would be limited to the trial court’s judgment entry that denied appellant’s motion to arrest judgment. Crim.R. 34 states:
“The court on motion of the defendant shall arrest judgment if the indictment, information, or complaint does not charge an offense or if the court was without jurisdiction of the offense charged.”
In our journal entry of July 15, 1996, we found that appellant did not challenge the jurisdiction of the trial court or assert that the complaint failed to charge a criminal offense in his motion to arrest judgment. In that regard, we would affirm the decision of the trial court denying appellant’s motion to arrest judgment. However, we will nonetheless consider and address the merits of each alleged error in the interest of ensuring that substantial justice has been afforded to appellant.
Appellant sets forth seven assignments of error on appeal.
Appellant’s first assignment of error alleges:
“The trial court erred in giving this case to the jury on the stalking by menacing charge since there was no evidence showing a pattern of conduct of two or more actions or incidents closely related in time.”
R.C. 2903.211 states:
“(A) No person by engaging in a pattern of conduct shall knowingly cause another to believe that the offender will cause physical harm to the other person or cause mental distress to the other person.”
In providing a definition of the term “pattern of conduct,” R.C. 2903.211(C) states:
“(1) ‘Pattern of conduct’ means two or more actions or incidents closely related in time, whether or not there has been a prior conviction based on any of those actions or incidents.”
Appellant argues that appellee failed to establish the prima facie elements necessary to sustain a guilty verdict against him for menacing by stalking in that it presented no evidence to show two or more actions or incidents closely related in time that would satisfy the statutory definition of “pattern of conduct.” Appellant maintains that the testimony offered by the complainant referred to actions that would not lead a reasonable person to conclude that he was in physical danger.
Specifically, appellant points out that the complainant testified on cross-examination that on both October 16, 1993 and October 23, 1993, the extent of appellant’s behavior was pulling up beside him and staring at him. Appellant further points out that evidence and testimony were offered at trial by logistics ground commander Clifford D. Smith II from the Vienna Air Base, which indicated that appellant was present for Air Force Reserve duty on October 16, 1993 and did not leave the base until 5:08 p.m. Since the complainant stated on cross-examination that he could not remember the exact time at which he left the Mahoning Women’s Center on October 16, 1993 but offered that the latest it could have been was 6:00 p.m., appellant maintains that he had an alibi for that date, as he could not have reached the Mahoning Women’s Center from Vienna Air Base by the time the complainant left for the day.
With regard to the incident on June 18, 1994, appellant contends that since the complainant’s brother, who was also in his vehicle at the time in question, did not testify, appellee could offer no corroboration for the allegations set forth in its bill of particulars. Additionally, appellant believes that regardless of whether the incident on June 18, 1994 occurred as alleged by the complainant, this was only one incident and there was no other reliable evidence placed in the record to indicate that appellant had engaged in similar alleged threatening conduct to constitute a “pattern of conduct” as required by R.C. 2908.211.
Appellant states that staring at someone or following him without independent evidence of two or more incidents involving threats of bodily harm beyond the self-serving assertions of a complainant that he was in physical danger fails the “pattern of conduct” definition set forth in R.C. 2903.211. Therefore, appellant concludes that appellee failed to meet its burden of proof and the trial court either should have refused to give this case to the jury or should have granted appellant’s motion to arrest judgment.
The Ohio Supreme Court in State v. Thompkins (1997), 78 Ohio St.3d 380, 678 N.E.2d 541, has recently held that “weight of the evidence” and “sufficiency of the evidence” are not synonymous legal concepts. “Sufficiency” is a legal standard, which is applied to determine whether the case may go to the jury or whether the evidence is legally sufficient to support the jury verdict as a matter of law. Id. In essence, sufficiency is a test of adequacy. Whether the evidence presented in a case is legally sufficient to sustain a verdict is a question of law and a conviction based upon legally insufficient evidence constitutes a denial of due process. Id. To reverse a trial court’s judgment on the finding of insufficient evidence, an appellate court need only have a concurring majority of the reviewing panel. Id.
R.C. 2903.211 requires a belief on the part of one person that another will cause the person physical harm or mental distress. Contrary to appellant’s apparent contention, explicit threats are not necessary to establish the elements of menacing by stalking as set forth in R.C. 2903.211. The complainant in the case at bar testified as to the incidents for which appellant was charged and repeatedly stated that he believed appellant might harm him and that he feared for his life. Appellant offered no evidence or testimony to refute the complainant’s version of events. Appellant’s witnesses testified solely to his nature as a nonviolent individual; they had no independent information or knowledge of the incidents for which appellant was charged.
With regard to the testimony which was offered by logistics ground commander Clifford D. Smith II, although he testified that appellant signed out from the Vienna Air Base at 5:08 p.m. on October 16, 1993, he did not personally see him do so. Furthermore, Major Smith stated that there was nothing to stop someone from leaving the air base. Major Smith also stated that he came directly from the air base to the court on the day of trial and the trip took him only thirty to thirty-five minutes.
The jury was in the best position to judge the credibility of the witnesses presented at trial. The credibility of conflicting testimony and the weight to be accorded evidence are primarily for the trier of fact. State v. Scott (1986), 26 Ohio St.3d 92, 26 OBR 79, 497 N.E.2d 55. It was within the purview of the jury to believe one witness more than another. Based upon a thorough review of the record and transcript on appeal, there was sufficient evidence offered at trial to establish a “pattern of conduct” on the part of appellant to present this case to the jury.
Appellant’s first assignment of error is found to be without merit.
Appellant’s second assignment of error alleges:
“The court erred to the prejudice of appellant in permitting this charge of menacing by stalking to go to the jury and not sustaining appellant’s post-verdict motion to arrest judgment/acquittal/judgment n.o.v. when the manifest weight of the evidence failed to satisfy the requirements of R.C. 2903.211 on two .grounds: (1) no showing of a pattern of conduct to cause reasonable belief of physical harm in addition to an alibi defense for one of the alleged incidents and (2) no corroboration of victim’s alleged mental distress with a showing of psychiatric/psychological treatment as required by the statute.”
In addition to providing a definition of the term “pattern of conduct,” R.C. 2903.211(C) provides a definition of the term “mental distress” as follows:
“(2) ‘Mental distress’ means any mental illness or condition that involves some temporary substantial incapacity or mental illness or condition that would normally require psychiatric treatment.”
Appellant reiterates the arguments set forth under his first assignment of error and again states that appellee presented no evidence to show that he intended immediate violence or bodily harm to the complainant, or took affirmative steps to act on any alleged threats. Appellant maintains that the type of conduct complained of in this case requires a “knowing” mens rea and that merely following and staring at someone, without more, is not conduct which knowingly causes physical harm under any standard of reasonableness.
Appellant again points to the fact that the version of events on June 18, 1994 offered by the complainant was not corroborated, since the complainant’s brother was also in the vehicle at the time in question and did not appear to present testimony at trial. Appellant also submits that he presented witness testimony as to his reputation for nonviolence at trial. Even if the complainant’s version of events on June 18, 1994 was accurate, appellant contends that this was only one incident and thus does not satisfy the two-incident requirement set forth in R.C. 2903.211. Appellant further continues to maintain that as to the incident on October 16, 1993, he was on Air Force Reserve duty until 5:08 p.m. and would not have been able to travel to the complainant’s workplace in order to commit the act for which he was charged.
Appellant offers that since this matter deals with the politically sensitive issue of abortion, clearly one person’s perceived harassment is another person’s free speech. Appellant claims that all he ever attempted to do was call attention, by protesting and picketing, to the complainant’s activities as a doctor who performed abortions.
Appellant additionally argues that appellee proffered no evidence of psychiatric treatment as required under R.C. 2903.211. At trial, the complainant offered no documentary evidence with regard to actual psychological or psychiatric treatment received, but stated that his wife sought psychological counseling and he sought spiritual counseling as a result of their mental distress resulting from appellant’s behavior. Therefore, appellant maintains that since neither specific testimony nor documentary evidence was presented to show the existence and/or extent of the complainant’s mental distress, the trial court erred in failing to direct an acquittal and subsequently erred in failing to grant appellant’s motion for arrest of judgment.
R.C. 2903.211 requires that the offender “knowingly cause another to believe that the offender will cause physical harm to the other person or cause mental distress to the other person.” “Knowingly” is one of the culpable mental states ■ defined in R.C. 2901.22(B), which states:
“A person acts knowingly, regardless of his purpose, when he is aware that his conduct will probably cause a certain result or will probably be of a certain nature. A person has knowledge of circumstances when he is aware that such circumstances probably exist.”
Again appellant misconstrues the statute in question by contending that his conduct in following someone and staring at him was not the type of conduct which knowingly causes physical harm. It was not necessary that appellant knowingly caused physical harm and/or mental distress. It was enough that appellant knowingly followed the complainant, stared at him, and eventually shouted threatening words, thereby causing the complainant to believe that appellant would cause him physical harm or mental distress.
Appellant’s arguments as to the alleged lack of evidence concerning a “pattern of conduct” were previously addressed under his first assignment of error. Although appellant refers to the manifest weight of the evidence, he is essentially arguing that the evidence offered at trial was not sufficient to present the case to the jury and, therefore, Thompkins, 78 Ohio St.3d 380, 678 N.E.2d 541, controls.
Appellant’s contentions with regard to the issue of mental distress are also misplaced. Expert testimony is not required to establish the existence of mental distress of a victim for the purpose of proving an element of menacing by stalking. State v. Tichon (1995), 102 Ohio App.3d 758, 658 N.E.2d 16. The court in Tichon held that a victim’s testimony was sufficient to establish mental distress since the jurors could rely on their own experiences to determine whether the victim suffered the requisite mental distress as a result of the defendant’s actions. Therefore, the complainant’s testimony in this matter constituted sufficient evidence on the issue of mental distress to present the case to the jury.
Based on the foregoing, we find that the trial court did not err in failing to direct an acquittal or in failing to grant appellant’s motion for arrest of judgment.
Appellant’s second assignment of error is found to be without merit.
Appellant’s third assignment of error alleges:
“The court erred to the prejudice of appellant in limiting the scope of cross-examination and denying introduction of extrinsic evidence against complainantApplegate under Evid.R. 608(B) when impeachment for bias per Evid.R. 616 allows for a showing of specific instances of conduct by the introduction of extrinsic evidence and controls over Evid.R. 608.”
In his motion for arrest of judgment, appellant claimed that the facts and evidence presented to the jury at the within trial did not conform to the requirements set forth in R.C. 2903.211. Specifically, appellant complains that in response to appellee’s motion in limine, the trial court limited defense counsel’s scope of cross-examination and did not permit the jury to hear crucial evidence concerning certain instances of the complainant’s own conduct.
With regard to this issue and prior to continued discussion with counsel for both parties, the trial court stated:
“THE COURT: The issue is, we are about ready to proceed on cross-examination of the witness in chief and the issue that’s been raised and we have partial resolution of the motion in limine, it is about the scope of the cross-examination relative to the integrity or the credibility of the witness.
“The law seems very clear that although there is some limited ability to cross-examine with respect to bias or interest, and I think that’s not an issue. We can discuss the fact that he has an interest in this. He makes money from it, et cetera.
• “But the issues that the defendant seems to want to bring in seem to fall squarely within Rule 608, evidence of character and conduct of a witness. And the law very clearly says the credibility of a witness may be attacked or supported by evidence in the form of opinion or reputation. And specifically states further that specific instances of the conduct of a witness may not be proved by extrinsic evidence. So generally speaking that means no extrinsic evidence in terms of documents, journal entries, other witnesses, whatever may be proved unless there is a prior inconsistent statement.
“But as the notes very clearly state, let’s say he denies it, you are stuck with that denial. You can’t — If the witness — I am going to quote from the summary. Tf the witness on cross examination denies a prior untruthful act, the cross examiner is stuck with the answer. He may not seek to prove the occurrence of that untruthful act through extrinsic evidence.’ So even if he lies on the stand, you can’t prove that by extrinsic evidence. You may press hard for an admission provided you are proceeding in good faith.”
Appellant took exception to the trial court’s ruling and stated reasoning. Appellant maintains that the focus must be on the purpose for the impeachment in determining the scope of cross-examination. Appellant offers that Evid.R. 608 concerns impeachment by means of character evidence. Evid.R. 608 does not deal with other methods of impeachment, such as bias, which are governed by Evid.R. 616. Appellant correctly states that Evid.R. 608 limits the admissibility of extrinsic evidence to proof of specific acts of conduct reflecting upon untruthful character.
Appellant believes that because the complainant was appellee’s primary witness, defense counsel should have been given wide latitude on cross-examination to ensure fairness and to address the possibility of improper motive. Appellant alleges that the complainant, like other individuals in a line of work that although legal is less than respected, wishes to make a lot of money as quietly as possible. Therefore, appellant submits that the complainant had a vested interest in doing what was necessary to prevent appellant from protesting and picketing at the Mahoning Women’s Center and in the complainant’s residential neighborhood.
Appellant points to several incidents involving .the complainant, which he believes show a pattern of deception to gain monetary or employment advantage and which the jury was not permitted to consider in assessing the complainant’s credibility. First, appellant points out that the complainant filed a RICO action against him and others in federal court, which was ultimately dismissed. Appellant contends that he should have been allowed to introduce extrinsic evidence from that case during the complainant’s cross-examination for the purpose of showing improper motive and bias.
Next, appellant maintains that defense counsel should have been permitted to introduce extrinsic evidence in the form of entries from a child support hearing wherein the complainant claimed not to be employed and for which he was later held in contempt and jailed for concealing income. Appellant states that on direct examination in the case at bar, the complainant testified that he was employed during the same time period within which he had earlier claimed at a child support hearing that he was not employed.
Finally, appellant complains that defense counsel was not permitted to. offer examples of problems that the complainant had with his former medical partner, specifically with regard to the complainant’s alleged untruthful representations as to previous medical malpractice cases against him on an employment application. Appellant also points to a similar bad act committed by the complainant regarding the taking of money from his own mother’s living-trust account, which defense counsel was not permitted to address.
Appellant concludes that the foregoing examples provide evidence of a previous improper motive and bias on the part of the complainant that go far beyond the application of Evid.R. 608 and impeachment of a character witness for truthfulness alone. Therefore, appellant urges that the trial court erred in relying upon Evid.R. 608 and in failing to allow defense counsel a liberal cross-examination of the complainant.
Evid.R. 608(B) provides:
“Specific Instances of Conduct. Specific instances of the conduct of a witness, for the purpose of attacking or supporting the witness’s character for truthfulness, other than conviction of crime as provided in Evid.R. 609, may not be proved by extrinsic evidence. They may, however, in the discretion of the court, if clearly probative of truthfulness or untruthfulness, be inquired into on cross-examination of the witness (1) concerning the witness’s character for truthfulness or untruthfulness, or (2) concerning the character for truthfulness or untruthfulness of another witness as to which character the witness being cross-examined has testified.”
Additionally, Evid.R. 616 states:
“Bias, prejudice, interest, or any motive to misrepresent may be shown to impeach the witness either by examination of the witness or by extrinsic evidence.”
Evid.R. 608(B) precludes the admission of extrinsic evidence as it relates to conduct reflecting upon untruthful character unless clearly probative. Conversely, Evid.R. 616 explicitly provides for the admissibility of extrinsic evidence to show bias or improper motive. The issue before this court is whether the trial court abused its discretion when it determined that defense counsel’s desired scope of inquiry fell within the parameters of Evid.R. 608(B) rather than Evid.R. 616.. An abuse of discretion connotes more than an error of law or judgment; it implies that the trial court’s attitude was unreasonable, arbitrary or unconscionable. State v. Adams (1980), 62 Ohio St.2d 151, 16 O.O.3d 169, 404 N.E.2d 144.
It would not appear from a review of the record and transcript on appeal that the trial court abused its discretion in this regard, as the specific instances of conduct which defense counsel sought to introduce by extrinsic evidence reflected upon the complainant’s character for truthfulness rather than his potential for bias or improper motive.
Defense counsel clearly sought to show that the complainant was untruthful and in fact, stated on the record that the complainant had previously lied on an employment application with his former medical partner regarding pending malpractice cases against him and had also lied during a child support hearing regarding his employment. Nonetheless, the transcript reflects that defense counsel did question the complainant on cross-examination about his testimony at a child support hearing concerning his employment and further questioned the complainant about the RICO action that he filed against appellant.
Based upon the foregoing, we find that the trial court properly found that the defense counsel’s proposed evidence fell within the parameters of Evid.R. 608(B) and, therefore, did not abuse its discretion in limiting the cross-examination of the complainant.
Appellant’s third assignment of error is found to be without merit.
Appellant’s fourth assignment of error alleges:
“The trial court erred to the prejudice of appellant by failing to omit instructions to the jury concerning ‘physical harm’ (as defined in R.C. Sec. 2901.01(E) and O.J.I. 503.11) and ‘mental distress’ (as defined in R.C. Sec. 2901.22(B) and O.J.I. 409.11) since both require a showing of psychiatric treatment and there was no such evidence presented by the prosecution at bar.”
Appellant cites Riley v. Cincinnati (1976), 46 Ohio St.2d 287, 75 O.O.2d 331, 348 N.E.2d 135, for the proposition that it is reversible error for a trial judge to charge the jury on an issue where there is no evidence to support the issue. Appellant argues that other than the complainant’s self-serving testimony to the effect that appellant’s actions caused him mental distress that forced him to seek spiritual counseling and that he feared for his physical safety, appellee offered no documentary or expert evidence of treatment to corroborate the complainant’s alleged physical and/or mental harm.
Appellant alleges that the complainant had a strong bias against him and in favor of conviction and since the complainant’s medical expertise was in obstetrics, not psychiatry or general medicine, he was not qualified to testify as an expert concerning his own physical harm and mental distress. Appellant concludes that without an adequate evidentiary foundation upon which to rely, the trial court erred in giving the jury instructions concerning physical harm and mental distress.
Given the discussion under appellant’s second assignment of error, wherein it was stated that expert testimony regarding the element of mental distress was not necessary, appellant’s argument that an adequate evidentiary foundation was not presented with regard to that issue is not well taken. Additionally, R.C. 2903.211 requires a showing of physical harm or mental distress. Since sufficient evidence was presented to show that the complainant suffered mental distress as a result of appellant’s conduct, it was not necessary to offer evidence as to physical harm.
Furthermore, appellant’s reliance upon Riley is misplaced as that case dealt with a civil matter wherein a covenant not to sue a tortfeasor who was primarily liable did not act to bar a lawsuit on secondary liability. Riley is not factually analogous to the case at bar.
Following a thorough review of the record and transcript on appeal, it is clear that the trial court did not err by instructing the jury on the elements of physical harm and mental distress.
Appellant’s fourth assignment of error is found to be without merit.
Appellant’s fifth assignment of error alleges:
“The trial court erred to the prejudice of appellant in overruling defense counsel’s objections at trial to the state’s failure to provide a detailed bill of particulars setting up the nature of each offense, specific dates, time and places of the alleged acts so that the appellant could prepare an adequate defense.”
Appellant asserts that appellee’s response to defense counsel’s request for a bill of particulars failed to specifically delineate alleged incidents for which there was testimony presented at trial. Appellee’s bill of particulars set forth incidents which occurred on October 16, 1993, October 23, 1993 and June 8, 1994. Appellant states that not only did appellee err in offering the date of June 8, 1994 in its bill of particulars when clearly it was making reference to June 18, 1994 and presented testimony relating to the latter date, but it also failed to provide dates, times and places with regard to testimony which was offered at trial concerning a residential picketing issue and an incident involving the loosening of the lug nuts on the complainant’s vehicle, for which the culprit was not known or apprehended.
Given the testimony offered as aforementioned, appellant maintains that appellee’s bill of particulars was not sufficiently specific to allow defense counsel an opportunity to prepare an adequate defense. Appellant states that as a result of appellee’s actions, defense counsel was unable to conduct an investigation as to whether or not he had other alibis or defenses for the alleged incidents not mentioned in appellee’s bill of particulars.
Appellant cites State v. Webb (1991), 72 Ohio App.3d 749, 596 N.E.2d 489, wherein the Ohio Supreme Court held that the applicable test on the adequacy of a bill of particulars is whether the absence* of specific references to conduct prejudices a defendant’s ability to defend himself. Appellant further cites State v. Luttrell (Aug. 30, 1993), Stark App. No. CA-9207, unreported, 1993 WL 370651, for the proposition that where a bill of particulars fails to include references to specific acts and dates of misconduct that form part of a conviction at trial, a defendant is prejudiced in not being aware of all allegations against him and any conviction must be reversed.
Appellant offers that the foregoing proposition is particularly true where charges against a defendant allege a continuing course of conduct and testimony is presented to give the jury an impression of a pattern of conduct, such as in the case at bar. Appellant points out that over defense counsel’s objections, the trial court permitted appellee to question the complainant on direct examination about other incidents not set forth in its bill of particulars, thereby prejudicing appellant. Appellant concludes that the trial court erred in overruling those objections, given appellee’s failure to provide a detailed bill of particulars.
Appellee’s bill of particulars was sufficiently specific with regard to the offenses with which appellant was charged and thereby did not prejudice appellant’s ability to defend himself. Furthermore, the court in Tichon held that “other acts” evidence pursuant to Evid.R. 404(B) was properly admitted to show that the defendant was engaged in a patter of conduct aimed at causing his victim mental distress, as an element of menacing by stalking. 102 Ohio App.3d 758, 658 N.E.2d 16.
Testimony elicited from the complainant concerning appellant’s picketing activities at his residence was offered merely to show a continuing pattern of conduct on behalf of appellant. The testimony was not refuted by appellant, and contrary to appellant’s contention, the record does not reflect that defense counsel objected to the testimony during direct examination.
Additionally, testimony regarding alleged damage which was done to the complainant’s vehicle was elicited from the complainant on direct examination in response to a question posed by the prosecuting attorney. The prosecuting attorney inquired as to whether the complainant had occasion to call the police relative to appellant’s activities other than the times of the events- for which appellant was charged in this case. The complainant indicated that given his past trouble with appellant and given appellant’s constant presence at his place of employment, he believed appellant might have been involved with damaging his vehicle. Defense counsel did not object to this line of questioning. Thus, appellant should not now be heard to complain on appeal concerning any alleged error.
Given the foregoing, we find that the trial court did not err in overruling any alleged objection defense counsel may have raised with regard to appellee’s bill of particulars or the testimony offered on direct examination by the complainant as aforementioned.
Appellant’s fifth assignment of error is found to be without merit.
Appellant’s sixth and seventh assignments of error are related, will therefore be discussed together, and allege as follows:
“The jury’s verdict must be overturned since the menacing by stalking statute is unconstitutional on its face and as applied in that it violates both levels of the void for vagueness doctrine which results in a chilling effect upon free speech/expression.
“The jury’s verdict must be overturned since R.C. Section 2903.211 (menacing by stalking) is unconstitutionally overbroad on its face and as applied.”
Appellant argues that R.C. 2903.211 infringes upon first amendment rights in that it is void for vagueness. Appellant states that even though the statute in question provides a definition of the phrase “pattern of conduct,” in order to sustain a criminal conviction against an attack based on vagueness, a criminal statute must give a person of ordinary intelligence who seeks to avoid its penalties fair notice of the conduct required or prohibited and such person should not have to guess at the meaning of said statute. See Columbus v. Kasper (1989), 61 Ohio App.3d 776, 573 N.E.2d 1163. Appellant continues that R.C. 2903.211 does not define with specificity the meaning of the phrase “pattern of conduct.”
Appellant alleges that he engaged in protected First Amendment activity when he picketed against the complainant. Appellant submits that driving by the complainant and staring at him, without any threatening conduct, were also legal. Appellant claims that he has no idea what actions or incidents that he allegedly committed constituted a “pattern of conduct.” Appellant suggests that since the language and application of R.C. 2903.211 touch upon First Amendment rights with regard to free speech and expression, the statute must be carefully scrutinized.
Appellant next cites Kasper, supra, for the proposition that criminal statutes that include prohibitions on both legal and illegal conduct within their reach are considered overbroad. . Appellant maintains that R.C. 2903.211 is also overbroad, since it attempts to punish both legal as well as illegal activity. Appellant argues that he has every right to advocate his position as a “pro-lifer” even though that advocacy may not be favored or approved of by the recipient, in this case, the complainant. Appellant states that although the complainant may not appreciate his carrying signs which depict the complainant as a “baby killer,” that action constitutes free speech and does not cause bodily or mental harm.
Appellant urges that R.C. 2903.211, by definition, is unconstitutional on its face and as applied since it attempts to impose restrictions upon free speech rights without delineating what conduct is prohibite’d and what conduct is protected. Appellant asserts that pursuant to Kasper, he has every right to free expression unless there is some clear and present danger to indicate that the free expression will carry over into actual physical violence that would put an objective person in the position of fearing for his physical safety.
Initially, we note that there is a strong presumption in favor of the constitutionality of statutes. State v. Anderson (1991), 57 Ohio St.3d 168, 566 N.E.2d 1224. The party challenging a statute must prove that it is unconstitutional beyond a reasonable doubt. Id. R.C. 2903.211 is not unconstitutionally vague. See State v. Dario (1995), 106 Ohio App.3d 232, 665 N.E.2d 759. The statute’s definition of “pattern of conduct” as being two or more actions or incidents is simple and easy to understand. Id. Any alleged ambiguity is insufficient to render its meaning incomprehensible to persons of ordinary intelligence and the statute’s scienter requirement (knowingly) vitiates any claim that the statute’s alleged vagueness could lead a person of ordinary intelligence into misunderstanding what was prohibited. Id.
State v. Benner (1994), 96 Ohio App.3d 327, 644 N.E.2d 1130. Appellant was not prosecuted because he picketed an abortion clinic. He was prosecuted because he engaged in a pattern of conduct that caused the complainant mental distress and caused him to believe that appellant would cause him physical harm. It is not within the protection of the First Amendment’s guarantee of free speech to knowingly cause another to believe that one will cause physical harm or mental distress to him.as forbidden by R.C. 2903.211. Id.
Further, R.C. 2903.211 is not unconstitutionally overbroad, as the First Amendment does not protect the type of activity prohibited, nor does the statute criminalize a substantial amount of constitutionally protected activity. See Dario, supra. R.C. 2903.211 is not aimed at the expression of ideas or beliefs but rather at oppressing behavior that invades another person’s privacy interests. Id. Therefore, R.C. 2903.211 does not attempt to punish both illegal and legal activity.
As previously stated, if appellant had just been picketing against appellant, his actions would have been protected. However, his conduct crossed the line in that he repeatedly followed the complainant and eventually shouted threatening words at the complainant, all causing him to fear for his physical and mental well-being.
Viewing R.C. 2903.211 in its entirety, a person of ordinary intelligence would be able to discern what type of conduct is prohibited. The statute is narrow in scope, is sufficiently explicit to provide law enforcement officers with guidelines as to its proper use, and thereby does not encourage arbitrary enforcement. See Dario, supra.
Based upon the foregoing, appellant’s argument that R.C. 2903.211 is unconstitutionally void for vagueness and is overbroad as it applies to this case is not well taken. Appellant’s sixth and seventh assignments of error are found to be without merit.
The judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
Judgment affirmed
Gene Donofrio, P.J., and Vukovich, J., concur. | CASELAW |
Reflux Surgery and Esophageal Surgery
The esophagus is the muscular tube through which food passes from the mouth to the stomach. When you eat or drink, the muscles at the top of the esophagus (the upper esophageal sphincter) relax and allow food or liquid to be pushed through the rest of the esophagus until it meets the lower esophageal sphincter, which opens and contracts quickly to allow food to enter the stomach. When any part of the esophagus malfunctions abnormally, it can greatly inhibit a person’s ability to eat and drink, and can cause moderate to severe discomfort.
Three conditions that may affect your esophagus are discussed in the following sections:
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
• Achalasia
• Esophogeal cancer
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Although occasional heartburn is normal, especially after a heavy meal, many people suffer from severe and persistent symptoms of gastroesophageal reflex disease, or GERD. GERD is a painful and often serious disease in which the acid in your stomach flows back up into your esophagus and throat, causing a burning feeling in the middle of your chest. This is due to a weakened lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the one-way valve at the top of your stomach that normally helps keep food and fluids down.
Symptoms of GERD can include:
• Frequent heartburn and acid regurgitation
• Chest pain, especially when bending over or lying down
• Trouble swallowing comfortably
• Hoarseness, wheezing, or other asthma-like symptoms
• Chronic coughing
• Sour or bitter taste in the mouth or back of throat
If gastroesophageal reflux disease is left untreated for a long period of time, the sensitive tissue in the esophagus can become inflamed, causing pain, pressure, and a burning sensation in the chest and throat. Extended exposure to stomach acid can cause sores, or ulcers, in the esophagus, which are very painful and can lead to esophageal bleeding. You may also develop scar tissue along the lining of your esophagus, which narrows the tube and makes it more difficult to swallow.
Chronic irritation of the esophagus can lead to the growth of abnormal cells in the esophageal lining, a disorder known as Barrett’s esophagus. GERD has also been linked to an increased risk of stomach and esophageal cancer.
GERD Treatment
Lifestyle changes and medications can significantly reduce the severity of GERD symptoms. Because smoking, caffeine, alcohol, chocolate, peppermint, citrus, and fatty foods can all trigger gastroesophageal reflux disease, the first step is to avoid these agitators or eliminate them completely. Losing weight, eating smaller meals, eating more slowly, using a pillow to elevate your head while you sleep, and avoiding stooping or bending can all offer relief as well.
If all the above methods fail, prescription medication or surgery may be advised.
Achalasia
Achalasia is a rare esophageal condition that occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter is unable to relax and allow food to pass into the stomach. As a result, patients find it difficult to swallow food (dysphagia). Patients with achalasia sometimes describe a “sticking” feeling in their throat and may experience a heavy sensation in their chest.
Achalasia can also cause food regurgitation. If the patient is asleep when this happens, it can cause snoring or even choking, and if the regurgitated food enters the lungs, it can cause pneumonia.
Achalasia can be treated using oral medications, by dilating or stretching the esophagus, injecting muscle-relaxing medications such as botulinum toxin directly into the esophagus, or through surgery.
Esophageal Cancer
Esophageal cancer occurs when the cells that comprise the esophageal wall begin to grow abnormally, often forming malignant tumors. Cancer can develop anywhere along the length of the esophagus, and can take different forms, such as squamous cell carcinoma, which develops in the flat cells that line the esophagus, and adenocarcinoma, which develops in glandular tissue.
Esophageal cancer is among the most deadly of all cancers, and has been steadily increasing among Americans in recent decades. Researchers cite smoking, alcohol use, obesity, poor diet, and chronic acid reflux as risk factors for developing esophageal cancers. Continuing research is being performed to pinpoint which treatment methods work best.
Currently, surgery is the most common treatment. Radiation and chemotherapy may also be used alone or in conjunction with surgery to kill off cancer cells.
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Talk:C-element
Mistake
The article has a mistake. The first figure is not C-element. Muller-Bartky theory supposes 1 equation = 1 element = 1 delay. On the figure it is shown 1 equation and 4 elements with 4 delays. In addition analysis of this 4-elements circuit shows that it is not semimodular. The circuit is not speed-independent, hazards may occure on the upper and lower elements on the figure. <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 15:31, 19 June 2010 (UTC) L.P.Plekhanov, IPI RAN, Russia<EMAIL_ADDRESS>
Circuit images
I made some drawing about C-elements. They are used in the french article. There are the classical static and semi-static implementations, and the implementation with 4 nand gates, which is more accurate than with 3 AND and an OR, since it is more efficient in CMOS.
I will probably modify this article soon. I should perhaps reunite the different drawings, as it is currently the case, since it would be easier to read _ but harder to reuse.
Topeil (talk) 12:13, 1 February 2012 (UTC)
Waveform is wrong
The waveform contains a comparison between the output of a C-Element and supposedly an OR-gate under the same input conditions, however, the waveform does not depict an OR-gate. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 15:57, 9 October 2019 (UTC) | WIKI |
Gopher vs Groundhog
Rodents are mammals which are characterized by their two very sharp incisors which they use to chew on food and bite their predators. They eat most anything especially seeds and plants; they even chew on wood which is food for them.
There are several types of rodents, and they come in different sizes, breeding cycles, and diet. They can be found in all parts of the world. The most common are: rats, porcupines, beavers, guinea pigs, chipmunks, gophers, and groundhogs.
A gopher is a rodent which is common to North America especially Canada, the United States, and Central America. There are more than a hundred types of gophers, and they include the pocket gopher which is also known as the “true” gopher.
They are small with a length of 15 inches and weigh only 230 grams. They live for two to three years. They are diggers and live in tunnels which they turn into a large community of tunnels. Because of this they are considered pests since they can get in the way of man’s daily living especially for the farmers.
They are brown and their tails resemble that of rats. Their claws are long and sharp, and they have yellowish teeth which show even with their mouths closed. They do not hibernate during winter unlike their cousins, the groundhogs.
A groundhog is a rodent which belongs to the family of squirrels. It is also commonly known as a woodchuck. Groundhogs are native to the Unites States and North America. They are larger and can grow up to 20 inches, and they are also heavier than gophers. They hibernate during winter; getting into their burrows and curling up and getting into a state of sleep from which they are very hard to awaken. Although they are vegetarians, their diet also consists of insects and bird’s eggs.
They mate several times each season and can produce as many as nine litters. Although they resemble the gophers in appearance, their teeth do not show when their mouths are closed, and they are distinguished by their white teeth and furry tails. They also live longer than gophers, surviving for up to six years.
1.A gopher is a type of rodent which is native to North and Central America while a groundhog, which is also known as a woodchuck, is native to the United States.
2.Gophers have teeth that show even when their mouths are closed while the teeth of groundhogs only show when their mouths are open.
3.The teeth of gophers are yellowish in color while the teeth of groundhogs are white.
4.Groundhogs are larger and heavier while gophers are smaller and lighter.
5.While they look similar, having fur with the same color, gophers have tails which look more like that of rats whereas groundhogs have furry tails.
6.Groundhogs hibernate during winter while gophers do not.
7.Groundhogs produce more litters than gophers, and they mate several times during the mating season. | FINEWEB-EDU |
NATURAL HISTORY
YELLOW-EYED PENGUIN } Megadyptes antipodes
FAMILY: Spheniscidae
DESCRIPTION: A medium-sized penguin, the yellow-eyed penguin is between 22 and 31 inches in length and weighs 8 to 19.6 pounds. It has pale yellow eyes and its head is capped by yellow, with black-centered feathers bordered by a bright yellow band extending from the eye to around the back of the head.
HABITAT: Historical breeding habitat for this species was primarily in coastal forest and mixed-species scrub on slopes above landing areas. Very little coastal forest remains on the east coast of the South Island, where the bird must use scrub remnants, but forest remains the dominant habitat in breeding areas on other islands. The species forages over the continental shelf.
RANGE: The yellow-eyed penguin is endemic to New Zealand, inhabiting the southeast coast of the South Island, Foveaux Strait, and Stewart, Auckland, and Campbell islands. Range Map
MIGRATION: Adults are sedentary, but juveniles disperse north as far as the Cook Strait.
BREEDING: Yellow-eyed penguins breed from August through March and lay eggs in shallow scrapes of leaves, grass, and twigs. Eggs are incubated for 39 to 51 days and chicks fledge at 106 to 108 days.
LIFE CYCLE: Males may not breed until they are three to 10 years of age, but females usually reach maturity earlier in life. The bird’s average lifespan is 23 years.
FEEDING: The yellow-eyed penguin feeds primarily on red cod, opal fish, sprat, and squid.
THREATS: Yellow-eyed penguins are seriously threatened by food shortages resulting from sea-temperature changes driven by global warming. Populations have also suffered from loss of natural breeding habitat, high chick mortality due to predation by introduced mammals, and gillnet entanglement.
POPULATION TREND: This species has declined by well over 50 percent in recent decades and now numbers fewer than 2,000 breeding pairs.
Photo by Sy/Flickr | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:An Encyclopædia of Cottage, Farm, and Villa Architecture and Furniture.djvu/1107
GRECIAN AND MODERN VILLA FURNIJ LKE. lU8o view, the most satisfactory of these pillars is that marked b ; because the base of the conical part being commenced by the mouldings at e, the upper part of the cone appears to rise beautifidly out of the foliage over it ; whereas, in the Design a, the continuity of the cone is iirst interrupted by the hoUow at /, and afterwards by the neck at fi, though above this last letter, the cone rises in a satisfactory manner from the foliage which embraces it. In the De- sign c, the cone rises satisfactorily from the double neck ; but the Design d is altogether bad, from the multiplicity of its parts, the apparent weakness and want of continuity and of cooperation in its lines, and the obvious ef- forts of the designer to display ornament and produce novelty. Of the feet of these different Designs, that of a is unquestion- ably the handsomest ; and that of c the worst, in as much as it ap- proaches nearer than any other to the expression of weakness. If the preceding reasoning be found correct, it follows that, beautiful as these bed-posts ap- pear to be on the first glance, yet that, when examined and tested by principles, there is not one Oj them to which great objections cannot be made. If the foot, or claw, as it is technically called, of a were substituted for the claw of b, then b would be the piUar most to our taste ; and next would be the pillar c, with the same change effected on it. In this case, as in most others, the great fault is the deviation from simplicity. The cause of this fault is, that, in London, so great has been the demand for cabinet furniture, and so ardent the desire for novelty, that the great and incessant efforts of the upholsterer are directed to the production of something new ; and that this demand for novelty, instead of being met by taste and invention adequate to the supply, has only called forth mecha- nical changes or combinations of forms. The essential cause of this is the want of dis- crimination on the part of the public, between 1988 what is a mere mechanical change in the dispo- sition of parts, and what is really original design in composition. 2135. Bed-steps. Fig. 1985 shows a set of bed-steps, with two of the steps arranged as cupboards. The tread of the top step is hinged, and lifts up ; the middle step puUs forward ; and when drawn out its lid lifts up, and shows a space for a bidet, or other convenience. Where there are steps of this kind on each side of a bed, the middle step of the one may contain a night convenience, and that of the other a bidet. 2136. Bed Cupboard. Fig. 1986, on a scale of three quarters of an inch to a foot, forms a very convenient cupboard, with a shelf and top having two flaps, which fold out for books, &c., so as to form a table at pleasure, and thus disguise the use for which it is principally intended. Pieces of furniture of this kind are often made in the shape of pedestals, square or round, with marble tops, shelves within, and a hinged door opening from top to bottom. 2137. Wardrobes. Fig. 1987, to a scale of half an inch to a foot, is a lady's wmged wardi-obe, to be made of any fine wood, French polished, and showing no brasswork in any part of the front. The knoljs are of mahogany or ebony ; the mouldings on the | WIKI |
Page:The Indian Antiquary, Vol. 4-1875.djvu/240
August, 1875,] THE TRADITION OF THE GOLD-DIGGING ANTS. 227 tures."* Iu short, as regards those writers who have endeavoured to explain the confusion of names by a certain external resemhlance, suffice it to say that they have themselves despaired of finding an animal that would satisfy the conditions of their theory. X i v r e y naively at- tributes this difficulty to the auri sacra fames, holding that a race of gold-digging animals may have really existed, and gradually disappeared before the incursions of man.f We now come to a wholly different solution of the question. So long ago as the year 1819 Malt e-B run wrote : " May we not also sap- pose that an Indian tribe really bore the name of ants ? "+ It is by following up the cine thus afforded by our learned countryman that we may hope to arrive at a solution of this question. But it will be necessary in the first place to determine in what direction we are to look for the dwelling-place of the gold-digging ants, by taking as our starting-point the places men- • i by Herodotus, According to the Greek historian, the Indians who went in search of the gold lived in the neighbourhood of the city of K a s p a t y r n a (Ka«nrdrt/p'os) and ofPaktyike (ij na«rv!*i7 x^Pf)' Now the inhabitants of 1 } a k- t y i k e are none otber than, the Afghans, who in the west call themselves P a s h t n n and in the east P a k h t u n ,§ a name identical with that given to them by Herodotus. As to the second locality, instead ofKaspatyrns, the name given in most editions of Herodotus, the -- SanerofUatute, preserved in Emanuel Col- lege, Cam bridge, gives that of Kaspapyrus (Ka<nnwrvf»&) r a reading found also in Ste- phanas Byzantinus, and clearly pointing to the ancient name of the capital of K a s - m i r, K a s y a p a p u r a, contracted to K a s y a- pura. We are thus brought to K a s ra 1 r. "We have in oar own times seen how the Sikhs, tin; pre- sent masters of KAsinir, took possession of large portions of Tibet, namely, of L a d a k or Central Tibet in 1831, and of Balti or Little Tibet in Bat we know that in former times the • Der Vrtprung wnd Verbreitung tinirjer geoyrai>hi*rh- en Mijtken im ItittelalUr, in Deutsche licrtiljihr. schrifL II. 206. f Tnul, bIra.i'>to<}i [uet, p. li^T- J Mtfmotre sur : nah, in NouvcUd An- il'.ms, f-UJl, 11.383. § Ilinduntanice P a t h & a . — Ed. U StraW, XV. 1 ; pjiaj, Hist. X*it. VI. 22 ; XL 36. Subilhdars, or governors of Jfitsxnir under the Great Mughul, and earlier yet the kings, both Muhammadan and Hindu, of independent Kus- mtr, likewise strove to extend their conquests in the same direction. And hence we may well suppose that it was to Tibet that the Indians of Herodotus repaired when they left their m Kaeniir in search of gold. This supposition is confirmed by the fact that S t ra b o and the elder Pliny expressly mention the Dards as those who robbed the ants of their treasures. j[ FortheDards are not an extinct race. Ac- cording to the accounts of modern travellers, they consist of several wild and predatory tribes dwelling among the mountains on the north-west frontier of K:ismlr, and by the banks of the Indus :*' they are the Daradas of Sanskrit literature- They understand Pushtu, the language of the A fgh an s,*but their native tongue is a Sanskritic idiom. Even at the present day they carry on their marauding pro- fession in Little and Central Tibet, and it is chiefly on this account that the picturesque vale of Hnzara, which has at all times belongs Little Tibet, remains in great part waste, in spite of itB natural fertility, f M i r 1 z z e t D 1 1 a h, the ited Tibet iu 1612, writes as follows in his Jour- nal !— • " The houses of this country from M a t a - y in to this place are all wrecked ami Last year a great number of the inhabitants were carried oil' by bands of Dards, an independent tribe who live in the mountains three ur tour march north of D i r i r a s, and speak P a s h t u and D a r a d i . The prisoners made by them in these raids are sold for slaves.' £ Lilian, who makes the river Kampylinus the limit of theant country, § throws no light upon the question ofTibet, for it is impossible from the text whether or not the Kampylinus denotes a branch of the Indus. But Tibet is in- dicated with tolerable certainty in the remarkable passage of the MahabMraia above referred to, as well as in the statements of Herodotus, S trabo, and Pliny . For among the nortb- <f Tigne, Travel*, 11.3410 ; Leitoor, Dardiskm, II. 31-84, • Vigno, Travels, EL 88B. tMoorcroft and Trebwk, Travel), II. 3W; Vigae, Tn. vels, II. ^jU. 2<J7, 300, 306. X Voyage doftl I'Asie ctntrctl?, in Klaprotfi'd Magasin Atiatijiu, II. 3-5 ; conf. Wilson's preface to Koweraft and Trobcck'a Travels, I. iviii. § JSlian, dt Nat. An. III. 4.
* travelling companion ofMoorcroft, who vis- | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/2011 magicJack season
The result was merge__EXPECTED_UNCONNECTED_PAGE__ to MagicJack (WPS). (non-admin closure) Natg 19 (talk) 02:37, 22 February 2024 (UTC)
2011 magicJack season
* – ( View AfD View log | edits since nomination)
magicJack (WPS) had one season in its entire history (2011), its detail is hardly worthy of its own article and any information available should merged into the team's small primary article. Its predecessor, Washington Freedom, has no season articles and is far more notable than this relocated temporary successor club. Idiosincrático (talk) 08:50, 15 February 2024 (UTC)
* Note: This discussion has been included in the deletion sorting lists for the following topics: Women, Football, and United States of America. Idiosincrático (talk) 08:50, 15 February 2024 (UTC)
* Also worth noting that the creator, User:Quidster4040, has a long history of deleted misc articles. Idiosincrático (talk) 08:52, 15 February 2024 (UTC)
* Merge even though there really isn't much to merge. The table maybe? Not convinced the article stands on its own in this state, and since there was only ever one season I'm not convinced it needs to be separated from the parent article. Jay eyem (talk) 16:59, 15 February 2024 (UTC)
* Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Florida-related deletion discussions. Spiderone (Talk to Spider) 19:04, 15 February 2024 (UTC)
* Note: This discussion has been included in WikiProject Football's list of association football-related deletions. Spiderone (Talk to Spider) 19:37, 15 February 2024 (UTC)
* Merge/redirect as above. GiantSnowman 21:55, 15 February 2024 (UTC)
* Merge only Against redirect, can't see it as a search term. Save the data save the planet. Govvy (talk) 23:01, 15 February 2024 (UTC)
* Merge – per @Govvy. Svartner (talk) 20:26, 16 February 2024 (UTC)
| WIKI |
Portarlington psychologost Dr Eddie Murphy from Operation Transformation on the reasons for prolonged fatigue
Dr Eddie examines the reasons why some people feel constantly tired.
Often I see patients who complain of feeling exhausted, even though they are sleeping well, ongoing for months. At any given time, one in five of us feels unusually tired, and one in 10 have prolonged fatigue, mostly women, according to the Royal College of Psychiatrists.
Often I see patients who complain of feeling exhausted, even though they are sleeping well, ongoing for months. At any given time, one in five of us feels unusually tired, and one in 10 have prolonged fatigue, mostly women, according to the Royal College of Psychiatrists.
Its worth a check up with your GP but it is unusual to find anything physically wrong. Mostly fatigue is linked with mood and the accumulation of stress.
GPs may do a blood test to rule out medical causes such as anaemia or underactive thyroid gland.
These are more likely if there are also symptoms like heavy periods, weight loss, a change in bowel habits, hair loss or extreme thirst.
First try to work out why you became so tired. Is your work or family life particularly tiring? Is there an event that may have triggered tiredness, ie a bereavement or break-up? Or is your lifestyle making you tired?
Psychological causes
Stress and anxiety can cause insomnia and lead to persistent fatigue. A survey by the Mental Health Foundation found that nearly a third of the population are severely sleep-deprived, often because of job and money worries. Their report, Sleep Matters, suggests a link between insomnia and low energy levels.
The strains of daily life can be exhausting, even positive events, such as moving house or getting married. Emotional shock, such as bad news or bereavement can make you feel drained. Mental health problems such as depression or anxiety can make you more tired. They can also prevent a proper night’s sleep.
Lifestyle causes
Tiredness can often be caused by lifestyle, such as drinking too much alcohol, or eating unhealthily. If you drink alcohol in the evening, it tends to wake you in the middle of the night. And if you drink a lot regularly, it can make you depressed and affect your sleep. I’m always surprised to find how often patients who complain of tiredness drink too much.
If you have a disturbed sleep pattern – for instance if you work night shifts, sleep in the day or look after young children – it can be difficult to get a good night’s sleep, and you’ll feel tired during the day.
top tips
1. Get a health check-up.
2. Eat smaller amounts often to beat tiredness, rather than a large meal.
3. Perk up with exercise
You might feel too tired to exercise, but regular exercise makes you feel less tired and gives you energy.
4. Lose weight.
If your body is carrying excess weight, it can be exhausting.
5. Sleep well.
Go to bed and get up in the morning at the same time every day, avoid short naps during the day.
6. Reduce stress.
Stress uses up a lot of energy. Introduce activities you enjoy, it may be gardening, a workout or meeting friends.
7. Cut out caffeine.
Gradually stop all caffeine drinks (includes coffee, tea and cola) over three weeks. Stay off it for a month to see if you feel less tired.
8. Drink less alcohol.
Drinking in the evening helps you fall asleep but you sleep less deeply. The next day you’ll be tired even if you sleep for eight hours.
9. Drink more water.
Sometimes you can feel tired simply because you’re mildly dehydrated.
10. Stop being a couch potato. Sitting in one position for long periods saps energy. Lack of light and fresh air is a key cause of tiredness. Get out for a 10 minute walk at least once a day or when you’re most tired. You’ll be exposed to more natural light and you’ll feel more alert. | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:The Life of Benvenuto Cellini Vol 2.djvu/59
Rh entered he said: "Friend Benvenuto, although my office is wont to frighten men, I come to set your mind at rest, and to do this I have full authority from his Holiness 's own lips, who told me how he also escaped from Sant' Angelo, but had many aids and much company, else he would not have been able to accomplish it. I swear by the sacraments which I carry on my person (for I was consecrated Bishop two days since) that the Pope has set you free and pardoned you, and is very sorry for your accident. Attend to your health, and take all things for the best; for your imprisonment, which you certainly underwent without a shadow of guilt, will have been for your perpetual welfare. Henceforward you will tread down poverty, and will not have to go back to France, wearing out your life in this place and in that. Tell me then frankly how the matter went, and who rendered you assistance; afterwards take comfort, repose, and recover/' I began at the beginning, and related the whole story exactly as it had happened, giving him the most minute countersigns, down to the water-carrier who bore me on his back. When the Governor had heard the whole, he said: "Of a surety these are too great exploits for one man alone; no one but you could have performed them." So he made me reach my hand forth, and said: "Be of good courage and comfort your heart, for by this hand which I am holding you are free, and if you live, shall live in happiness." While thus conversing with me, he had kept a whole heap of great lords and noblemen waiting, who were come to visit me, saying one to the other: "Let us go to | WIKI |
KfW May Acquire EADS Stake From Daimler, Handelsblatt Reports
German government officials are
arguing about whether state-owned development bank KfW Group
should acquire a stake in European Aeronautic, Defence & Space
Co. from Daimler AG (DAI) as the carmaker pushes to cut its holding,
Handelsblatt reported, citing people familiar with the matter. While Chancellor Angela Merkel would like KfW to buy the
stake, the Economy Ministry, headed by the Free Democratic
Party, the junior coalition partner, opposes such a step, the
newspaper reported. The government is also urging banks that hold EADS stakes
already to consider buying more shares, and may consider selling
a stake to investors form the Gulf region, according to
Handelsblatt. To contact the reporter on this story:
Richard Weiss in Frankfurt at
rweiss5@bloomberg.net . To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Benedikt Kammel at bkammel@bloomberg.net . | NEWS-MULTISOURCE |
Page:Catalog of Copyright Entries 1970 Works of Art Jan-June Renewals.djvu/8
Royalpalm, from the 1942 wildlife conservation stamps. © 30Mar42; K50503. National Wildlife Federation (PWH); 10Feb70; R478358.
Skunk cabbage, from the 1942 wildlife conservation stamps. © 30Mar42; K50505. National Wildlife Federation (PWH); 10Feb70; R478360.
Sooty grouse, from the 1942 wildlife conservation stamps. © 30Mar42; K50477. National Wildlife Federation (PWH); 10Feb70; R478332.
Sugar pine, from the 1942 wildlife conservation stamps. © 30Mar42; K50496. National Wildlife Federation (PWH); 10Feb70; R478352.
Tree-toad, from the 1942 wildlife conservation stamps. © 30Mar42; K50492. National Wildlife Federation (PWH); 10Feb70; R478347.
Virginia bluebell, from the 1942 wildlife conservation stamps. © 30Mar42; K50510. National Wildlife Federation (PWH); 10Feb70; R478365.
Whistling swan, from the 1942 wildlife conservation stamps. © 30Mar42; K50473. National Wildlife Federation (PWH); 10Feb70; R478328.
White ash, from the 1942 wildlife conservation stamps. © 30Mar42; K50500. National Wildlife Federation (PWH); 10Feb70; R478355.
Yellow-billed cuckoo, from 1942 wildlife conservation stamps. © 30Mar42; K50484. National Wildlife Federation (PWH); 10Feb70; R478339.
NYMAN, WAYNE LEWIS.
48 State Capitols, by Clarence Stewart Peterson. © 12Feb42; J34109. Wayne Lewis Nyman (E); 30Jan70; R478199.
OHMAN, THEODORE W.
The unanimous declaration of the thirteen United States of America. © 1May42; K50878. Theodore W. Ohman (A); 9Apr70; R482225.
PAPPAS, CHARLES N.
Some day, soon, some way, education; united nations of the world. © 1Apr42; K50519. Charles N. Pappas (A); 12Feb70; R478905.
PETERSON, CLARENCE STEWART.
48 State Capitols. See NYMAN, WAYNE LEWIS.
PISANELLO, ANTONIO.
Studies of men hanging on the gallows. See FRICK COLLECTION, NEW YORK.
POLLAIUOLO, ANTONIO DEL.
Marsyas, position 1. See FRICK COLLECTION, NEW YORK.
Paris. See FRICK COLLECTION, NEW YORK.
PUSHMAN, ARMAND.
The dancing girl. See PUSHMAN, ARSENE.
Sultanabad plate, no.1. See PUSHMAN, ARSENE.
PUSHMAN, ARSENE.
The dancing girl, by Hovsep Pushman. © 25May42; G40197. Arsene Pushman & Armand Pushman (C); 20May70; R484885.
Sultanabad plate, no.1; oil painting by Hovsep Pushman. © 6Apr42; G39887. Arsene Pushman & Armand Pushman (C); 3Apr70; R481918. | WIKI |
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1. -Interpreting stimuli through eyes, inclduing peripheral vision and acuity and awareness of color and pattern.
2. -Interpreting light touch, pressure, temperature, pain and vibration through skin contact/receptors.
3. -Place in continuum of disability or terminal nature of illness.
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1. Sensory-Gustatory-interpreting and localizing sounds, adn discrimainating background sounds.
2. Sensorimotor COMPONENT-Interpreting light touch, pressure, temperature, pain and vibration through skin contact/receptors.
3. Temporal Aspects-Chronological-Individual's age.
4. Sensory-ProproceptiveInterpreting stimuli originating in muscles, joints and other internal tissues that give information about the position of one body part in relation to another.
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Fluctus
Fluctus is a small genus of east Asian corinnid sac spiders. It was first described by C. Jin and F. Zhang in 2020, and it has only been found in China. it contains only two species: F. bannaensis and F. tengchongensis. | WIKI |
User:Camila Biazioli
"As a direct Votorantim employee, I'm updating my user page to comply with Wikipedia's mandatory paid editing disclosure requirement. It's in my best interest that the company information on its article page be as updated as possible, so I'll be proposing changes on the talk pages of the articles, so the editors can review and gather more accurate information before they can publish (if they choose to) these proposed changes." | WIKI |
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41 Optimization of an ultrasensitive, quantitative immunoassay for detection of CD20 in non-hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) FFPE samples
1. Apollina Goel1,
2. Michael Ross2,
3. Jeanette Rheinhardt1,
4. Peter Duval1,
5. Michael Maker1,
6. Hiroyuki Yokota3,
7. Kenneth Bloom1,
8. George Abe1,
9. Ann Ranger2 and
10. Joseph Krueger1
1. 1Invicro, a Konica Minolta Company, Boston, MA, USA
2. 2Unum Therapeutics Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
3. 3Konica Minolta, Inc., Hino-shi Tokyo, Japan
Abstract
Background CD20, a membrane B cell marker, is expressed on the majority of mature B cell neoplasms, including diffuse large B cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma. Importantly, CD20 is the target of rituximab as well as autologous T cell and BiTE® therapies in clinical development. Studies show that one mechanism of resistance to rituximab-containing therapies is downregulation of CD20.1 2 Development of an assay that provides highly sensitive and accurate detection of CD20 levels in the tissue context may help to assess whether there is a minimum CD20 threshold associated with response to rituximab or other CD20-targeted therapies. Here, we describe the development of a novel Quanticell™ assay for sensitive and quantitative detection of CD20 expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) biopsy samples from NHL patients.
Methods A CD20 (Abcam, clone SP32) Quanticell-based assay, which utilizes Konica Minolta’s novel fluorescent phosphor-integrated dots (PIDs)3 was optimized on a panel of B lymphoma cell lines. Flow cytometry was performed to benchmark assay performance. Next, a human B lymphoma tissue microarray (TMA, n=39 cores) was stained using DAB-IHC to evaluate CD20 expression. Tumor cores (n=10) showing CD20highCD19high expression by DAB-IHC and immunofluorescence (IF)-IHC were selected for further evaluation. Human tonsil tissue was used to assess CD20 assay performance as a Quanticell singleplex or duplexed with CD19 IF-IHC. The TMA was stained with CD20 Quanticell plus CD19-AF488 to measure CD20 expression on a per cell basis. To assess sensitivity of CD20 Quanticell detection, a CD19 negative non-B cell core was analyzed. CD20 expression determined by Quanticell was compared to results generated with a commercially available method enabling digital profiling of CD20 protein in FFPE sections.
Results Analytical comparison between the Quanticell assay and flow cytometry on cell lines showed strong concordance between the two methods (CD20 Quanticell score versus CD20 receptor number). The Quanticell method demonstrated a broader dynamic range in CD20 expression in the TMA samples compared to DAB-IHC. Both the Quanticell and digital protein detection assays appropriately clustered cores into CD20low and CD20high categories. Notably, the CD20 Quanticell assay demonstrated the ability to measure CD20 expression accurately and precisely over a broader dynamic range when compared to the digital method.
Conclusions Relative to DAB IHC, the novel CD20 Quanticell assay provides significantly enhanced detection and quantification of CD20 in FFPE tissue samples. This technology may be useful to assess whether there are critical antigen densities associated with response to CD20-targeting therapies.
Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge technical assistance from Ankit Gandhi and Marie Zamanis. The authors also thank Sean Gerrin for technical writing review.
Trial Registration N/A
Ethics Approval N/A
Consent N/A
References
1. Johnson NA, Boyle A, Bashashati A, et al. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: Reduced CD20 expression is associated with an inferior survival. Blood; 2009;113:3773.
2. Rasheed AA, Samad A, Raheem A, et al. CD20 expression and effects on outcome of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma after treatment with Rituximab. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19: 331
3. Gonda K, Watanabe M, Tada H, et al. Quantitative diagnostic imaging of cancer tissues by using phosphor-integrated dots with ultra-high brightness. Sci Rep 2017;7:7509.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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Cosmic energy (disambiguation)
Cosmic energy is a form of energy in spirituality and alternative medicine.
Cosmic energy may also refer to:
Religion and science
* Orgone, a pseudoscientific concept
* Shakti, a Hindu philosophical concept
* Cosmic background (disambiguation)
* Cosmic ray, a form of ionizing radiation from outer space
Arts and entertainment
* Cosmic Energy, a 2020 extended play in the Katy Perry discography
* "Cosmic Energy", a song by Kool and the Gang from the 1976 album Love & Understanding
* Power Cosmic, the source of the superpowers of Galactus and the Silver Surfer | WIKI |
Platform Explorer / Nuxeo Platform 8.1
Extension point sanitizer
Documentation
Specify the types of documents and fields to sanitize.
The following example configures just based on field names:
<sanitizer name="foo">
<field>note</field>
<field>comment:text</field>
</sanitizer>
The following specifies that only the note field of the Note type will be sanitized:
<sanitizer name="foo">
<type>Note</type>
<field>note</field>
</sanitizer>
The following example disables a sanitizer:
<sanitizer enabled="false" name="default"/>
Sanitizing can also be enabled on a field only if a field has a given value. This is useful when the same document field can contain text, html or wiki markup. For a webpage, you may want to only sanitize the webpages that are using HTML. Here is an example configuration.
<sanitizer name="foo">
<field filter="webp:isRichtext" filterValue="true">webp:content</field>
</sanitizer>
In this example the field webp:content will be sanitized only when the String representation of the webp:isRichtext is "true".
If you want to not sanitize when a given value is present, use:
<sanitizer name="foo">
<field filter="mime_type" filterValue="text/plain" sanitize="false">note</field>
</sanitizer>
Contribution Descriptors
Existing Contributions
Contributions are presented in the same order as the registration order on this extension point. This order is displayed before the contribution name, in brackets.
• nuxeo-platform-htmlsanitizer-8.1.jar /OSGI-INF/htmlsanitizer-contrib.xml
<extension point="sanitizer" target="org.nuxeo.ecm.platform.htmlsanitizer.HtmlSanitizerService">
<sanitizer name="default">
<!-- <field>dc:description</field> -->
<field filter="mime_type" filterValue="text/plain,text/x-web-markdown" sanitize="false">note</field>
<field>webc:welcomeText</field>
<field filter="webp:isRichtext" filterValue="true">webp:content</field>
<field>comment:text</field>
<!-- <field>post:text</field> -->
</sanitizer>
</extension>
• nuxeo-easyshare-8.1.jar /OSGI-INF/easyshare-contrib.xml
<extension point="sanitizer" target="org.nuxeo.ecm.platform.htmlsanitizer.HtmlSanitizerService">
<sanitizer name="easyshare">
<field>easysharefolder:shareComment</field>
</sanitizer>
</extension> | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Maximize WordPress.org Support: Tips for Efficiently Resolving Website Issues Maximize WordPress.org Support: Tips for Efficiently Resolving Website Issues
Maximize WordPress.org Support: Tips for Efficiently Resolving Website Issues
Discover how WordPress.org support can resolve your site’s technical issues with expert advice, community forums, and quality documentation. Learn about user satisfaction, responsiveness, and areas for improvement to make the most of these invaluable resources. Enhance your WordPress experience with effective support strategies and insights from real users.
Ever felt like you’re navigating a labyrinth when trying to solve an issue on your WordPress site? You’re not alone. Many website owners find themselves tangled in a web of technical jargon and complex problems. But what if there was a guiding light through this maze?
Imagine having access to a treasure trove of resources, expert advice, and a community ready to help at the drop of a hat. That’s exactly what WordPress.org support offers. From troubleshooting pesky plugins to customizing themes, this support system is your secret weapon for maintaining a seamless online presence.
Discover the surprising benefits and hidden gems of WordPress.org support that can transform your website management experience from frustrating to effortless. Are you ready to unlock the full potential of your WordPress site? Dive in and explore how this invaluable resource can become your ultimate ally.
Exploring WordPress.org Support
When your WordPress site faces technical glitches, WordPress.org support can be a lifeline. This section delves into the various support options and how to access them efficiently.
Types of Support Available
WordPress.org offers several types of support to cater to different needs. The primary forms include documentation, forums, and handbooks.
Documentation: Comprehensive guides cover everything from basic installation to advanced customization. These guides are invaluable for step-by-step troubleshooting.
Forums: Community-driven forums provide a platform for users to ask questions and receive answers from experienced members and moderators. For example, if your plugin malfunctions after an update, you can find others who’ve faced similar issues and get solutions.
Handbooks: Detailed handbooks offer in-depth information on specific topics like theme development or REST API usage. These are particularly useful for developers needing detailed technical guidance.
Additionally, you’ll find dedicated sections like Codex, which acts as a living manual for WordPress functionalities. The variety of support types ensures that whether you’re a beginner or an advanced user, there’s always help available.
Accessing the Support Forums
Navigating to the support forums is straightforward but knowing how to use them effectively maximizes their benefits. Start by visiting the WordPress.org Support Forums .
1. Search Functionality: Before posting a new query, use the search bar to look for existing threads related to your issue. This step saves time by providing instant solutions.
2. Creating a New Thread: If you can’t find an existing solution, create a new thread with a descriptive title and detailed explanation of your problem. Include specifics like error messages or steps you’ve already taken; this increases the chances of getting accurate help quickly.
3. Engaging with Responses: Once responses start coming in, engage actively by providing feedback on suggested solutions or asking follow-up questions for clarity.
For instance, if your site crashes after installing a new theme, explain any error logs or visible changes observed during installation when you post in the forum. Real-life examples make it easier for others to diagnose and recommend fixes effectively.
Accessing these forums not only resolves immediate issues but also helps you learn more about managing your WordPress site efficiently through community knowledge sharing.
How to Maximize Your Support Experience
Best Practices for Posting Queries
When posting queries on WordPress.org, clarity and detail are crucial. A well-structured query not only helps you get precise answers but also aids future users facing similar issues.
1. Use Clear Titles: Create specific titles that summarize your problem. For example, instead of “Help needed,” use “Issue with Plugin X causing Site Y to Crash.”
2. Provide Detailed Information: Include relevant details such as the WordPress version, theme, and plugins you’re using. Describe the steps leading to the issue and any error messages.
3. Use Proper Formatting: Utilize bullet points and paragraphs to organize your information. This makes it easier for others to understand and respond efficiently.
4. Attach Screenshots or Code Snippets: Visual aids like screenshots or code snippets can help illustrate the issue clearly, making it easier for responders to diagnose the problem.
5. Search Before Posting: Before creating a new thread, search existing posts. Your question might have already been answered, saving you time and effort.
By following these best practices, you increase the likelihood of receiving accurate solutions promptly while contributing valuable information to the community.
Understanding the Community-Driven Nature
WordPress.org support thrives on community participation. Understanding this dynamic can enhance your interactions and experience on the platform.
1. Volunteer-Based Assistance: Many support contributors are volunteers passionate about WordPress who dedicate their time to help others without expecting compensation.
2. Mutual Respect: Show appreciation for those assisting you by being polite and respectful in your interactions. A simple thank you can go a long way in fostering goodwill within the community.
3. Share Knowledge: Once your issue is resolved, consider giving back by helping others with similar problems or sharing insights you’ve gained from your experience.
4. Continuous Learning: Engaging with the community isn’t just about solving immediate issues—it’s an opportunity for ongoing learning about WordPress features and best practices.
5. Collaboration over Competition: The collaborative environment encourages collective problem-solving rather than individual competition, enhancing everyone’s knowledge base over time.
Embracing this community-driven ethos not only helps you find solutions faster but also strengthens the overall support ecosystem of WordPress.org.
Common Issues Resolved by WordPress.org Support
Theme and Plugin Conflicts
Theme and plugin conflicts often disrupt the smooth functioning of your WordPress site. These conflicts arise when themes or plugins aren’t compatible with each other or the WordPress core. Identifying such issues requires troubleshooting steps.
First, activate the default theme like Twenty Twenty-One. Check if the problem persists. If it doesn’t, the issue lies within your theme. Next, deactivate all plugins and reactivate them one by one to pinpoint the conflicting plugin.
Example: A user reported their website’s layout broke after installing a new plugin. Upon deactivating all plugins and reactivating them individually, they found a conflict between their theme and a recently updated plugin.
Forums on WordPress.org provide extensive guidance on these steps. Community members share similar experiences and solutions, making it easier to resolve conflicts without delving into complex code adjustments.
WordPress Update Issues
WordPress updates are essential for security and functionality but can sometimes cause issues on your site. Problems range from broken layouts to fatal errors due to incompatibility with themes or plugins.
Before updating, back up your site using tools like UpdraftPlus or BackupBuddy. This ensures you can restore your site if anything goes wrong during the update process.
Example: After updating to the latest version of WordPress, a user noticed their custom post types disappeared. They restored their backup and found that an outdated plugin caused the issue.
The support forums offer advice on handling update-related problems. Users often discuss rollback strategies or share patched versions of problematic themes or plugins until official updates are released.
In both scenarios, actively engaging with the community enhances your troubleshooting skills while building connections with fellow users facing similar challenges.
User Reviews of WordPress.org Support
User reviews provide valuable insights into the real-world effectiveness of WordPress.org support. Examining these reviews can help you understand what to expect and how to leverage the support resources best.
Positive Feedback and Success Stories
Many users praise WordPress.org support for its comprehensive and accessible resources. For example, Jane Doe, a blogger, shared her success story on the forums: “I encountered a persistent plugin conflict that crashed my site. Following advice from community members, I disabled all plugins and reactivated them one by one. The culprit was identified, and my site was back up in hours.”
Freelancers often highlight the timely responses they receive in the forums. One developer noted, “The responsiveness of seasoned contributors saved me countless hours when I struggled with a theme update.” Such testimonials underscore the community’s dedication to helping users resolve issues efficiently.
Another common positive point is the quality of documentation available. Users frequently mention that guides like “The Theme Handbook” offer step-by-step instructions that even beginners can follow. This accessibility ensures that both novice and experienced users can find solutions without needing extensive technical knowledge.
Statistics further validate these experiences:
AspectSatisfaction Rate
Community Responsiveness85%
Documentation Clarity90%
Resolution Time80%
These numbers indicate a generally high level of satisfaction among users who engage with WordPress.org support resources.
Areas for Improvement
Despite positive feedback, some areas still need enhancement based on user reviews. Users sometimes report difficulties navigating the forums due to their sheer volume of posts. A small business owner commented, “Finding specific answers amidst thousands of threads can be overwhelming.” Simplifying search functionalities or categorizing common issues more effectively could address this problem.
Another area needing improvement is response consistency. While many users receive prompt replies, others experience delays or lack follow-up assistance. One user remarked, “I posted about an urgent issue but didn’t get a response for days.” Ensuring more consistent interaction might enhance overall user experience.
Language barriers also present challenges for non-English speakers seeking help. Although some documentation is available in multiple languages, it’s not comprehensive enough to cover all aspects thoroughly. A multilingual blogger noted, “I struggled to find accurate translations for advanced troubleshooting guides.”
Consider these suggestions for improvement:
• Enhance forum search functionalities
• Ensure more consistent response times
• Expand multilingual documentation
By addressing these concerns, WordPress.org could further elevate its support system’s efficacy and user satisfaction levels.
Understanding both positive feedback and areas needing improvement helps you navigate WordPress.org support more effectively while contributing valuable insights back to the community.
Key Takeaways
• Comprehensive Support Options: WordPress.org offers a range of support resources including documentation, forums, and handbooks, catering to both beginners and advanced users.
• Effective Use of Forums: Utilize the search functionality before posting new queries and provide detailed information to receive accurate solutions promptly. Engage actively with responses for better results.
• Community-Driven Assistance: The support system thrives on community participation. Show respect, share knowledge, and take advantage of this collaborative environment for continuous learning.
• Common Issues Addressed: WordPress.org support is adept at resolving theme and plugin conflicts as well as issues arising from updates, providing step-by-step troubleshooting guides.
• User Feedback Insights: Positive user reviews highlight the effectiveness of support forums and documentation. However, areas like forum navigation, response consistency, and multilingual documentation need improvement.
Conclusion
WordPress.org support stands out as a valuable resource for addressing technical issues, offering expert advice and community-driven knowledge sharing. User reviews underscore the platform’s strengths in providing comprehensive resources, timely responses, and high-quality documentation. While there are areas for improvement like forum search functionalities and multilingual documentation, these enhancements could further elevate the user experience. By leveraging WordPress.org support effectively, you can navigate technical challenges more efficiently and contribute to a thriving community.
Frequently Asked Questions
What types of support are available on WordPress.org?
WordPress.org offers various support options, including community forums, comprehensive documentation, and tutorials. Users can seek advice from fellow community members and access detailed guides to resolve technical issues.
How can I effectively use the WordPress.org support forums?
To use the forums effectively, search for existing threads related to your issue before posting a new question. Provide detailed information about your problem to get accurate help from the community.
What do users say about WordPress.org support?
Users generally praise WordPress.org support for its comprehensive resources, timely responses, and quality documentation. Many find the community-driven approach very helpful for resolving issues quickly.
Are there any areas where WordPress.org support can improve?
Yes, some areas for improvement include enhancing forum search functionalities, ensuring consistent response times across queries, and expanding multilingual documentation to cater to a global audience.
How satisfied are users with WordPress.org support?
Statistics indicate high satisfaction rates with community responsiveness, clarity of documentation, and resolution time. Users appreciate the collaborative environment but suggest improvements in certain aspects.
Why is enhancing multilingual documentation important for WordPress.org?
Expanding multilingual documentation is crucial as it ensures non-English speaking users have access to valuable resources in their native language, improving overall user experience and satisfaction globally.
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Frederick Hervey, 4th Marquess of Bristol
Frederick William Fane Hervey, 4th Marquess of Bristol MVO (8 November 1863 – 24 October 1951) was a British nobleman, naval officer and Conservative Party politician.
Background
Hervey was the son of Lord Augustus Henry Charles Hervey (1837–1875), the younger brother of the 3rd Marquess of Bristol. He was born in Dresden, Germany, where his father was stationed.
He was educated at Tonbridge School and Eastman's Royal Naval Academy before joining HMS Britannia as a cadet in January 1877. He was a midshipman by the age of 15.
Naval and political career
In August 1901 he was appointed to command the cruiser HMS Prometheus (1898), which was commissioned to serve in the Channel Squadron the following September. He was promoted to captain on 31 December 1901 and served in this rank for a decade, commanding the battleship Renown for two months in late 1907. He was placed on the Retired List at the rank of rear admiral in May 1911.
Hervey was elected at the general election in January 1906 as Member of Parliament (MP) for Bury St Edmunds, but automatically resigned in August the following year when he succeeded his uncle in the peerages. He later became chairman of West Suffolk County Council from 1915 to 1934.
Family
The 4th Marquess married the heiress Alice Frances Theodora Wythes (1875–1957) in 1896. They had two daughters, Lady Marjorie Hervey. Marjorie married John Erskine, Lord Erskine.
In 1907 the family moved from the lodge into Ickworth House, the family seat, which like most pre-War English country houses, maintained a large retinue. Feudal traditions still held sway, and the estate's tenants did not dare complain of poor housing, according to a memoir by the village schoolmistress. The 4th Marquess's brother was Lord Manner Hervey, rector 1900–1944 of the nearby village of Horringer, who also took services at Ickworth Church, the younger brother preaching to the elder.
Lord Bristol was succeeded by his youngest brother Lord Herbert Hervey. | WIKI |
Superman: Unbound
Superman: Unbound is a 2013 American animated superhero film based on the 2008 comic book story arc "Superman: Brainiac" by Geoff Johns. It was directed by James Tucker and scripted by Bob Goodman. It is the 17th film of the DC Universe Animated Original Movies. The film's sneak preview was included with Batman: The Dark Knight Returns, Part 2 and Injustice: Gods Among Us.
Plot
Offering herself as a hostage, Lois Lane is caught in an aerial confrontation between her terrorist captors and Supergirl before Superman arrives to save the day. Soon after, knowing Superman's civilian identity, Lois attempts to get Clark Kent to make their relationship public despite his fear of the consequences, but their argument is halted by a Daily Planet staff meeting before Clark leaves after being alerted to an approaching meteor. Intercepting it, Superman learns the meteor is actually a robot that he promptly defeats before activating its beacon and taking it to the Fortress of Solitude. With help from Supergirl, Superman learns the robot is actually a drone controlled by a being named Brainiac, a Coluan scientist who subjected himself to extensive enhancements, turning him into a muscular, red-eyed giant with computer-like components and enhanced physical abilities comparable to Superman's. Supergirl, horrified at seeing Brainiac's robot, reveals her experience with the monster. Brainiac had seized and miniaturized Krypton's capital city of Kandor prior to the planet's destruction with her parents attempting to track him down before they mysteriously lost contact with Krypton. She is now worried that Brainiac will do to Earth what he did to Kandor.
Fearing more drones will come, Superman flies through the galaxy with a Kryptonian spacecraft in an attempt to track down Brainiac before finding his drones attacking a planet. Though he attempts to stop them, Superman witnesses Brainiac capture the planet's capital like he did with Kandor before firing a missile to consume the planet in its exploding sun. The explosion knocks Superman unconscious, and he is brought on board Brainiac's ship. Coming to in the examination room, he fights his way through the vessel before discovering a room full of bottled cities and being attacked by Brainiac. At this point, confirming that he spared Krypton because of its eventual destruction, it is shown that Brainiac has been collecting information on all the planets he visited before destroying them. Using Superman's spacecraft and his telepathic abilities, Brainiac discovers that he has been living on Earth. Brainiac decides to chart a course to Earth while sending Superman into Kandor. Inside Kandor, his strength waning due to the artificial red sun, Superman meets his uncle Zor-El and aunt Alura. They explain that Brainiac was instructed to learn all that is knowable about the galaxy. Being a cyborg, Brainiac interpreted his directive literally and realized that he could not achieve this goal because life keeps changing. His knowledge of one world would become out-of-date as soon as he moved on to the next world. Brainiac therefore destroys civilizations after studying them so that they cannot change further, thus leaving him with literally complete and up-to-date knowledge of them.
Superman formulates a plan and escapes Kandor using the subjugator robots. From there, Superman disables Brainiac's ship and takes Kandor with him back to Earth. At that time, Lois learns from Supergirl why Superman left and alerts the Pentagon of a possible invasion by Brainiac, who eventually repairs his ship and arrives in Metropolis.
Despite everyone doing their best to fend his drones off, Metropolis is encased in a bottle and both Superman and Supergirl are captured. Having hooked Superman up to his ship, Brainiac reveals that Earth offers nothing to him, tortures Superman by overloading his mind with data, and attempts to destroy the planet. However, telling his captor what Earth means to him, Superman breaks free and then frees Supergirl and convinces her to stop the Solar-Aggressor from hitting the sun. Remembering Zor-El's words about Brainiac's ideals, Superman knocks him out of the ship and they crash into a swamp. As he fights Brainiac, Superman forces him to experience the chaos of life itself outside of the safe, artificial environments he has created. Eventually, the combined strain takes its toll on Brainiac, and he combusts. After restoring Metropolis, taking Kandor to another planet similar to Krypton to restore its normal size, and establishing a Kryptonian colony where they can rebuild, Superman (as Clark Kent) makes his love life with Lois public with a marriage proposal.
In the post-credits' scene, Brainiac's remains in the Fortress of Solitude glow, indicating that Brainiac still has some degree of his power.
Cast
* Matt Bomer as Kal-El / Clark Kent / Superman
* Stana Katic as Lois Lane
* John Noble as Brainiac
* Molly Quinn as Kara Zor-El / Supergirl
* Diedrich Bader as Steve Lombard
* Alexander Gould as Jimmy Olsen
* Frances Conroy as Martha Kent
* Stephen Root as Zor-El
* Jason Beghe as Terrorist Leader
* Sirena Irwin as Alura
* Wade Williams as Perry White
* Melissa Disney as Thara Ak-Var
* Michael-Leon Wooley as Ron Troupe
* Will Yun Lee as Parasoldier Leader
* Ian James Corlett as Kryptonian #1
* Andrea Romano as News Anchor #2, Superman's Ship
Reception
Superman: Unbound received positive reviews. Based on reviews, it has a rating of on Rotten Tomatoes with an average rating of. IGN gave the film a 6.5 out of 10. Brian Lowry of Variety stated "the 75-minute film boasts some impressive animation and action sequences – essentially getting the job done, without by any means approaching the operatic majesty of the studio's recent two-part epic The Dark Knight Returns". Common Sense Media gave the film a 4 star rating out of 5, commenting "Superman fights, learns life lessons in animated thriller".
The film earned $1,686,042 from domestic DVD sales and $1,804,778 from domestic Blu-ray sales, bringing its total domestic home video earnings to $3,490,820. | WIKI |
Dummy rummy
Dummy rummy is a variation of rummy for two to four players. It is played with two standard decks of cards, including four jokers, for a total of 108 cards. The jokers and twos are wild. It appears to be of American origin and may be copyrighted.
Description
Each player is dealt thirteen cards. During each hand, the object is to complete the appointed run and kinds, and get rid of as many cards as possible. When one player gets rid of all of their cards, the cards remaining in the rest of the players hands score penalty points. The player who completes all twelve hands with the fewest points wins.
Hands
As in most rummy games, melds consist of either sets of equal cards, or runs of consecutive cards. Wild cards may be substituted for any number of cards in a set or run. There are twelve meld sets each player must complete as follows:
* 2- 3 of a kind
* 3 a kind, and 1- run of four
* 2-4 of a kind
* 2- runs of 4
* 1- 4 of a kind, and 1- run of 4
* 2- 3 of a kind, and 1- run of 4
* 1- 3 of a kind, and 1- run of 7
* 3- 3 of a kind
* 2- 5 of a kind
* 2- runs of 5
* 8 of a kind
* run of 10
If a player is unable to complete the appointed hand, they must try again on the next hand.
Sets
A set consists of cards of equal rank – for example three threes or five queens. In this variation, sets may contain two cards of the same suit; i.e., two 9 of hearts.
Runs
A run consists of cards in sequence, the cards do not have to be in the same suit, such as 2-3-4-5 of hearts. Aces can be high (J-Q-K-A) or low (A-2-3-4) but not both (K-A-2-3).
Wild cards
Twos and jokers are wild and can be used to represent any desired card.
Play
The player to the left of the dealer begins, and the turn to play continues clockwise. A turn consists of drawing, melding and discarding.
Cut-ins
This is an optional rule. When a player sees a card he or she likes then they can ask to cut in and take the card along with three additional cards from the top of the deck. It is up to the player whose turn it is, to allow this or to take the card themselves. That player must also check if any others want it left of the one whose turn it is until no players want it that will go before them. Any player may cut in at any time between a meld and the next players draw up to two times. If they lose count none=11 cards; one=14 cards; and 2 cut ins=17 cards.
Drawing
There are two options a player has on their turn:
* 1) Take the top card of the discard pile and add it to their hand.
* 2) Take a face-down card from the top of the undealt stock cards.
If the player has already played their meld set, they must draw from the undealt stock cards.
Melding
Once the player has drawn, they may place their meld set down if they are able. On subsequent turns, players may only add to existing melds, as melds outside of the prescribed meld sets are not allowed. They can, however, add to another players' melds.
Discarding
The final part of each player's turn is to discard one card from their hand face up onto the discard pile.
The objective is to meld or discard all of one's cards, and the play continues until one player manages to go out by getting rid of all the cards from their hand. They must always end their turn by discarding.
When discarding, a player may not discard a card if it creates a meld, (run or a set). If an opponent notices the error prior to the next player picking up, that player is permitted to remove the set from the pile and place it with their other melds.
Scoring
As soon as a player goes out, the hand is scored. The player who went out counts nothing for this hand. The opponents count the total value of the cards remaining in their hand. The value of the individual cards is a follows:
The value of their hand is added to their running total. The player that completes all twelve meld sets with the lowest score wins. | WIKI |
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 68A.djvu/768
728
INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1954
Subchapter C—Unlawful Acts Sec. Sec. Sec. Sec.
5851. 5852. 5853. 5854.
Possessing firearms unlawfully transferred or made. Removing or changing identification marks. Importing firearms illegally. In case of failure to register and pay special tax.
SEC. 5851. POSSESSING FIREARMS UNLAWFULLY MADE.
TRANSFERRED OR
I t shall be unlawful for any person to receive or possess any firearm which has at any time been transferred in violation of sections 5811, 5812 (b), 5813, 5814, 5844, or 5846, or which has at any time been made in violation of section 5821. Whenever on trial for a violation of this section the defendant is shown to have or to have had possession of such firearm, such possession shall be deemed sufficient evidence to authorize conviction, unless the defendant explains such possession to the satisfaction of the jury. SEC. 5852. REMOVING OR CHANGING IDENTIFICATION MARKS.
I t shall be unlawful for anyone to obliterate, remove, change, or alter the number or other identification mark required by section 5843. Whenever on trial for a violation of this section the defendant is shown to have or to have had possession of any firearm upon which such number or mark shall have been obliterated, removed, changed, or altered, such possession shall be deemed sufficient evidence to authorize conviction, unless the defendant explains such possession to the satisfaction of the jury. SEC. 5853. IMPORTING FIREARMS ILLEGALLY.
I t shall be unlawful— (1) fraudulently or knowingly to import or bring any firearm into the United States or any territory under its control or jurisdiction, in violation of the provisions of this chapter; or (2) knowingly to assist in so doing; or (3) to receive, conceal, buy, sell, or in any manner facilitate the transportation, concealment, or sale of any such firearm after being imported or brought in, knowing the same to have been imported or brought in contrary to law. Whenever on trial for a violation of this section the defendant is shown to have or to have had possession of such firearm, such possession shall be deemed sufficient evidence to authorize conviction, unless the defendant explains such possession to the satisfaction of the jury. SEC. 5854. IN CASE OF FAILURE TO REGISTER AND PAY SPECIAL TAX. (a) IMPORTATION, MANUFACTURE OR DEALING IN F I R E A R M S. — I t
shall be unlawful for any person required to register under the provisions of section 5802 to import, manufacture, or deal in firearms without having registered and paid the tax imposed by section 5801. (b) TRANSPORTATION IN INTERSTATE C O M M E R C E. — I t shall be unlawful for any person who is required to register as provided in section 5841 and who shall not have so registered, or any other person who has not in his possession a stamp-affixed order as provided in section 5814 or a stamp-affixed declaration as provided in section 5821, to ship, carry, or deliver any firearm in interstate commerce. § 6851
� | WIKI |
The influence of Australian eye banking practices on corneal graft survival
Miriam Keane, Marie Lowe, Douglas Coster, Graeme Pollock, Keryn Williams
Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review
8 Citations (Scopus)
Abstract
Objective: To identify eye banking practices that influence corneal graft survival. Design, setting and participants: Prospective cohort study of records of 19 254 followed corneal grafts in 15 160 patients, submitted to the Australian Corneal Graft Registry between May 1985 and July 2012. Main outcome measures: Influence of corneal preservation method (organ culture, moist pot, Optisol, other); death-to-enucleation, death-to-preservation and enucleation-to-graft times; transportation by air; graft era; and indication for graft on probability of graft survival at most recent follow-up. Results: In multivariate analysis, 919 penetrating grafts performed using corneas transported interstate by air exhibited worse survival than 14 684 grafts performed using corneas retrieved and used locally (hazard ratio [HR], 1.44; 95% CI, 1.21-1.73; P = 0.001). This was also the case for traditional lamellar grafts (64 corneas transported by air and 813 used locally; HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.03-2.78; P = 0.038). Indication for graft influenced survival of penetrating grafts (4611 keratoconus, 727 emergency or high-risk, 10 265 other indication; global P < 0.001) and traditional lamellar grafts (65 keratoconus, 212 emergency or high-risk, 600 other indication; global P < 0.001). The preservation medium in which corneas used for traditional lamellar grafts were stored exerted a marginal influence on graft survival (global P=0.047). Conclusions: Donor corneas transported interstate exhibited poorer survival after transplantation than those retrieved and grafted locally. Higher proportions of emergency procedures involving transported corneas did not account for this difference. Where possible, efforts to avoid transportation of corneal tissue by air freight within Australia may be warranted.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)275-279
Number of pages5
JournalMedical Journal of Australia
Volume199
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Aug 2013
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'The influence of Australian eye banking practices on corneal graft survival'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Cite this | ESSENTIALAI-STEM |
Page:A Voyage in Space (1913).djvu/302
282 omit the first and last stars in the Great Bear or Dipper, the five remaining in the middle form a group flying along together. But it has recently been discovered that several other stars belong to this group, notably Sirius the Dog-star. Now I hope you know where to look for Sirius away in the south. We in Europe never see him very far
away from the south: and, as you know, the Great Bear is in the north. Does it not seem strange that Sirius in the south should belong to the same group of stars as the five Great Bear stars in the north? The group is like a flock of birds flying just over our heads, some of which have passed us while others have not yet come up. There seems to be no doubt about the association of these stars, for their movements have been tested in | WIKI |
Talk:Digimarc
awards etc.
Hello, I was wondering why the last paragraph of our histors keeps on getting deleted? The paragraph includes a significant part of our recent history and I would like to include it. What would you recomend? (AKwoog) —Preceding unsigned comment added by AKwoog (talk • contribs) 15:39, 18 May 2010 (UTC)
* Because it is not encyclopedic. Wikipedia is not an award showcase, nor may it be used for promotional puffery. It is a neutral encyclopedia. —EncMstr (talk) 17:48, 18 May 2010 (UTC)
Digimarc Logo
Could someone please help me upload Digimarc's logo onto this page? The proper logo can be found here: https://www.digimarc.com/assets/images/global/digimarc.gif
Or tell me how I can do it myself. THANKS! Aydin.kirkewoog (talk) 23:42, 29 June 2010 (UTC)
You know.. the second I do something wrong you guys take down the page, but when I need help to better the page you guys are no where to be found... —Preceding unsigned comment added by Aydin.kirkewoog (talk • contribs) 15:37, 2 July 2010 (UTC)
The technology?
I would like to know how the watermarking technology they use works. --TiagoTiago (talk) 23:07, 26 September 2011 (UTC)
* You're in the wrong place. This article was created by a marketing person at the company to promote it and nobody else has ever found Digimarc interesting enough to add anything substantive to that pablum. Some work was done to delete the most offensive conflict of interest stuff, but you'll not find anything useful here. Move along. — Preceding unsigned comment added by <IP_ADDRESS> (talk) 04:33, 24 March 2015 (UTC)
Products
Hi there. After reviewing a few other Wikipedia pages belonging to Oregon companies (Nike, InFocus, etc...) it was observed that they had "Products" sections. The effort was made to keep the tone encyclopedic. There is a benefit to listing the two services that are available to any user... they are an accessible point to the somewhat esoteric nature of Digimarc's technology and hopefully this will help people understand better the commercial applications of digital watermarking. — Preceding unsigned comment added by DigimarcCorp (talk • contribs) 18:32, 28 August 2012 (UTC)
Although also the company's name, the word "Digimarc" needs to proceed the word "Discover," much like it does for "Digimarc for Images." These are two registered product names. Certainly Digimarc would prefer to own the word Discover on its own, but can never refer to their product without the full "Digimarc Discover" since the Discover credit card company owns the rights. Added the registered symbol if that helps or makes a difference. The attention to detail from the Wikipedia community is appreciated. — Preceding unsigned comment added by GeminiDrive (talk • contribs) 18:00, 17 September 2012 (UTC)
COI
Quite aside from the present discussion on WP:AN: this article was started by a back in May 2010. That editor only edited this article, that month. The next month, in June 2010, a came along, editing until March 2011, and again: only this article.
There is a person with a similar sounding name, who was in marketing at Digimarc. (Pr WP:OUTING I rather say no more.)
In August 2012 came along, only editing this article, until blocked pr.
I think this, all in all, deserves a. Cheers, Huldra (talk) 23:56, 21 December 2013 (UTC)
Hello, I work with Digimarc and I know Wikipedia protocols have not been followed by our team in the past as they should have. I'd like to suggest a change, and if this approach works, a few more. Thank you.
Regarding the second paragraph under "Content Protection," it is more accurate to state:
"Along with book and document protection, Digimarc verifies digital image ownership and source by modifying images with the imperceptible Digimarc Barcode, enabling brands, photographers and rights holders to manage the use of images throughout the digital supply chain and across the public internet."
The attribution for this statement, would be: https://exchange.adobe.com/creativecloud.details.12783.digimarc-barcode-for-digital-images.html
Thank you. Digital Identity Digital Identity (talk) 18:23, 6 August 2020 (UTC)
Revision Request from Digimarc
Hello, I work for Digimarc and would like to request a few updates to this page:
* We now have 124 employees ✅
* Our revenue for full year 2013 was 35 million (currently the page shows for 2011) ✅
* We acquired a small Bay Area company called Attributor in late 2012. This would affect our history and products section, as the Digimarc * Guardian product is currently separate from Digimarc Discover and Digimarc for Images. Digimarc Guardian serves book publishers ✅ but see below
* We would love to at least have our logo in the box on the right. I can provide in any format needed. ✅ See below
* This may be too marketing-focused, so do with as you wish: We have launched a new product called Digimarc Barcode (within Digimarc Discover) and with it broke the Guinness World Record for scanning and bagging 50 items at the NRF tradeshow in January 2014 ❌
* Thanks for all the edits! I appreciate you taking the time, Philbrick. GeminiDrive (talk) 17:53, 28 April 2014 (UTC)
Additionally, thank you for the comments in the talk page, which have been illumninating regarding proper Wikipedia protocol. I want to avoid a conflict of interest and hope that addressing changes to the Digimarc page in this manner is helpful and appropriate. We have in the past posted directly to this page as GeminiDrive (Digimarc's street), but after reading the comments above and seeing how Qualcomm handles update requests, this is how we hopefully can facilitate factual Wikipedia updates going forward. The other user you refer to under ″COI″ has not been with the company in quite some time. We'll monitor the Talk section for questions or other updates. Thanks again. GeminiDrive (talk) 22:51, 18 March 2014 (UTC)
* The link says 149 employees. which is correct?-- S Philbrick (Talk) 20:28, 25 April 2014 (UTC)
* I updated the employee count to 149, per the link. If that is incorrect, please explain.-- S Philbrick (Talk) 20:58, 25 April 2014 (UTC)
* We've hired more people since my original request, so yes, thanks for researching and implementing the correct number of employees. Much appreciated! GeminiDrive (talk) 17:53, 28 April 2014 (UTC)
* I copied the log from this page, saved it as a PNG, confirmed it was sufficiently low resolution, and filled out a non-free use rationale at File:Digimarc logo.png. Let me know if this is not the desired logo. -- S Philbrick (Talk) 20:41, 25 April 2014 (UTC)
* I added the acquisition. It doesn't seem to be a major item, but it only took one sentence, so I think it is fine.
* Thanks again, Philbrick, and for redirecting the former Attributor Wikipedia page to Digimarc's. I would lobby for this as an additional sentence within the "Products" section, since it's an entirely different audience than Digimarc Discover's or Digimarc for Image's.GeminiDrive (talk) 17:53, 28 April 2014 (UTC)
* Does this change the earlier sentence "The new Digimarc corporation consists solely of its digital watermarking business"? If so, do you have some suggested wording? I won't necessarily copy the suggested wording, but if you can explain the situation, I can be in a better position to adjust, if necessary, the earlier sentence.
* Possibly it would make more sense to add the word "commercial"... "The new Digimarc corporation consists primarily of its commercial digital watermarking business." I hesitate to use the world "solely" because we've always had and continue to have various business relationships with governmental agencies, although it's not nearly as visible. GeminiDrive (talk) 17:53, 28 April 2014 (UTC)
* I have not done the other requested edit. I understand the desire to include a Guinness world record event, but I would like to see it reported in something other than a bizjournal source. Is there one? That may not even be enough. There are tens of thousands of Guinness records, and not all are reported, so I will want to see better refs, then get some feedback on the inclusion.-- S Philbrick (Talk) 20:54, 25 April 2014 (UTC)
* Fair enough, and I see where you are coming from. It was reported in a few other places, but I'll leave it to your discretion if they are any more newsworthy than the BizJournal source. GeminiDrive (talk) 17:53, 28 April 2014 (UTC)
Additionally, regarding Digimarc Discover (in the Products section): it's more than just mobile engagement now. However, the text that speaks to mobile engagement is accurate and is user-centric, but the Digimarc Discover platform is also an enabler of product scanning at retail point-of-sale, which supports the business side. This solution exists and our relationship with one of the largest scanner manufacturers (Datalogic) has been documented , but maybe different sources are required for inclusion of this information? GeminiDrive (talk) 17:53, 28 April 2014 (UTC)
Advise on How to Offer Suggestions
I work for Digimarc and would like to offer edits and suggestion to improve the accuracy. I'm aware some Digimarc reps have gone in and changed things before, not following protocol. Can one of the editors please advise. Thank you. Digital Identity (talk) 19:56, 25 September 2020 (UTC)
* The cleanest approach would be to list specific changes or rewritten paragraphs here, on this talk page. Impartial editors, such as myself, who are watching this page (17 currently) may choose to act. The article has a mixed history with Digimarc employees making unhelpful edits. —EncMstr (talk) 06:23, 26 September 2020 (UTC)
Patents
The article seems to suggest that the first digital patent was awarded in 1997. There is a link, which doesn't link to the patent but to a company website that doesn't mention such patent. Doing a google search, I find many patents, some apparently before 1997. I don't have time or interest to get to the bottom of this. Perhaps the earlier patents are not digital. Perhaps the wording of the statement in the article is simply ambiguous. If it is as it seems, it would be helpful for the link to actually reference some confirmation that it is the first such patent. If that's not possible, perhaps a link to the patent itself. Probably a link to google patents would be fine. Victor Engel (talk) 15:48, 17 December 2023 (UTC) | WIKI |
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of most-retweeted tweets
The result was no consensus. postdlf (talk) 15:30, 22 September 2018 (UTC)
List of most-retweeted tweets
* – ( View AfD View log Stats )
Unsourced WP:FANCRUFT, especially since the list turned into a boys band battle for attention. Fully WP:OR (the only citation is to an occasional Top 10 list compiled by Time in 2015). No assertion of notability for the list per WP:LISTN. — JFG talk 17:03, 31 August 2018 (UTC)
* disagree. Time is a major source and they made another list. http://time.com/5048929/most-retweeted-tweets-2017/
* Now if you want the list reduced to ten, I am fine with that but it is a notable list. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Frmorrison (talk • contribs) 17:20, 31 August 2018 (UTC)
* Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Lists-related deletion discussions. IntoThinAir (formerly Everymorning) talk 17:21, 31 August 2018 (UTC)
* Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Internet-related deletion discussions. CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 17:51, 31 August 2018 (UTC)
Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus.
* Keep see ref 1. w umbolo ^^^ 09:19, 1 September 2018 (UTC)
Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, North America1000 07:38, 7 September 2018 (UTC)
* Keep Notable, has reliable sources. SemiHypercube ✎ 19:49, 7 September 2018 (UTC)
* Delete Unencyclopedic topic, so is WP:LISTCRUFT. There's no reason why this topic is notable. The only reliable source is literally just a list of tweets, has a bare modicum of analysis, and doesn't discuss why it's notable. You could easily get that just by examining Twitter. Fails WP:GNG for this reason, since the Time article doesn't count as significant coverage. If there's coverage of why the top most retweeted tweets matter, then this list should be a thing. This will just be an WP:OR magnet. – FenixFeather (talk) (Contribs) 21:16, 7 September 2018 (UTC)
* Delete WP:OR. Lists shouldn't be made up on the spot but should reflect actual listings, and the fact that not even Twitter seems to have a verified list shows that this is not notable. For example, compare with how many reliable publications make lists of the highest grossing films of all time Anarcho-authoritarian (talk) 22:34, 7 September 2018 (UTC)
* Keep, but reformat, as the notes column actually offers RS-cited commentary. K.e.coffman (talk) 06:53, 10 September 2018 (UTC)
* "HELP ME PLEASE. A MAN NEEDS HIS NUGGS." --> Carter Wilkerson tweeted Wendy's asking how many retweets he needed for a year of free chicken nuggets. When Wendy's replied with "18 Million", he accepted the challenge. The tweet received unlikely support from several major companies including Microsoft, Amazon and Google, prompting the hashtag #NuggsForCarter and propelling the tweet to become the most-retweeted of all time within 34 days, at which point Wendy's gave him a year of free nuggets.
* But it's hard to see because of the layout of the article. K.e.coffman (talk) 06:53, 10 September 2018 (UTC)
* So maybe the nuggets tweet is notable and should get its own article (or rather, the story should simply be mentioned at Wendy's). Some of the other entries that attracted RS attention could similarly be included to the article on their own subject matter, e.g. Barack Obama on social media. The list as a whole is still synthesis/fancruft/WP:FART. — JFG talk 02:48, 13 September 2018 (UTC)
Relisted to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus.
* Keep.Notable. --Akhiljaxxn (talk) 11:32, 10 September 2018 (UTC)
* Delete Per the nominators reasonings. Supergodzilla2090 (talk) 22:54, 12 September 2018 (UTC)
* Keep Reliable sources. Hurrygane (talk) 08:07, 15 September 2018 (UTC)
Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, North America1000 03:07, 14 September 2018 (UTC)
| WIKI |
File:USRD Newsletter header.svg
Summary
Header for the WP:USRD Newsletter. Includes File:I-78.svg, File:K-43.svg, and File:US 66 Arizona 1926.svg, all of which are public domain.
This file should not be copied to Commons because it would only be useful on the English Wikipedia. | WIKI |
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