text
stringlengths 1
964k
| meta
dict |
|---|---|
The Vice President Delivers Remarks at a Lunch for Texas Attorney General John Cornyn
AS PREPARED
Thank you, John, and thank you all very much. Its good to see so many friends this afternoon. I appreciate the warm welcome to the home state of George and Laura Bush and the hometown of George and Barbara Bush. And its a special honor to share the platform with the next United States Senator from the state of Texas.
I've been looking forward to this trip, and I thank the people of this great city for your hospitality. Lynne and I spent some very good years living and working in this state. And even though weve moved to Washington, we still see a lot of Texas license plates, and work with some very fine people known to all of you people like Karl Rove, Don Evans, Joe Allbaugh, Al Gonzales, Albert Hawkins, Margaret Spellings, Clay Johnson, Harriet Miers, and of course Karen Hughes. Karens back in Austin now, but weve got her on speed dial. Each of these Texans is serving the President and the nation with honor, and you can be proud of them all.
This state is also well served on Capitol Hill and were here today to make sure things stay that way. No state in the country has a stronger team in the United States Senate than Texas youve got first-class representation with Phil Gramm and Kay Bailey Hutchison. For the good of the state and the nation, we need to keep that team strong and the way to do that is to elect John Cornyn.
Texans know John and his fine record from Bexar [BEAR] County to the Supreme Court to the Attorney Generals office. He works hard, and always speaks with conviction and clarity. Whether the issue is taxes, trade, energy, or national security, John Cornyn is completely in tune with the people of this state. He is a public servant in his prime, and I look forward to swearing him in as the new Senator from Texas.
The President and I need John Cornyn working with us every day on our priorities for the country winning the war on terror, protecting the homeland, and extending the reach of prosperity into as many lives as possible.
On the economy, theres a great deal of work yet to do but we are proceeding from a position of tremendous strength. In spite of all that happened last year from terrorist attack to a serious economic slowdown worker productivity has grown by more than four percent. In the first quarter of this year, the economy grew at an annual rate exceeding six percent. Clearly, were on the path to a strong and sustained recovery.
To stay on that path, our responsibilities are clear, and they begin with pro-growth reforms proposed by President Bush an energy policy to make America less dependent on foreign oil trade promotion authority to open new markets for American products and terrorism insurance to give companies the ability to expand and build.
For their part, leaders of the private sector also have responsibilities to be honest and above board in all dealings, and truthful when they report profits and losses. The foundation of any economy is confidence and President Bush is proposing reform to strengthen the peoples confidence in the basic integrity of the system. These proposals will help ensure better information for investors and more accountability for corporate officials, and deliver a stronger, more independent auditing system. When there are reports of corporate fraud, the American people can be certain that the government will fully investigate, and pursue the wrongdoers.
This nation has brought forth the most productive, creative, and promising economic system the world has ever seen. The Presidents reforms will bring out the best in that system, answering abusive practices with stricter enforcement and higher ethical standards. Most people who do business in America are trustworthy and honest. Their word is good. They keep faith with shareholders and employees. We must not and will not allow the bad deeds of a few to tarnish the free enterprise system.
Americans can also count on President Bush to continue reducing taxes on the hardworking people of this country. The Bush tax cut now in effect is the largest taxpayer relief package in a generation. Now that tax relief is in place, Congress should not take it away. Under current law, the tax cuts are set to expire in 2011. That last thing American workers need is a return to higher taxes. Its far better, in our view, to make the Bush tax cut permanent, and enforce fiscal discipline in Washington, D.C.
Overspending by Congress poses a real risk to our economic vitality. The President has submitted a budget that fits the times with major investments in homeland security and defense, while other domestic spending is held to an increase of two percent. The House has adopted a budget that is consistent with the Presidents request. Now were in the appropriations process, and its critical that we stay within those limits on spending. The President will insist on fiscal discipline and the Constitution gives him a good tool for the job. If necessary, he will use the veto to protect the American taxpayer.
We need John Cornyn in the Senate because he knows what it means to be a careful steward of taxpayer dollars. And we need him there to help us put qualified, sensible judges on the federal bench. Staffing the judiciary is a basic constitutional responsibility of the President and the Senate. President Bush is meeting his responsibility, but the Senate is failing to do so. The President has sent up well over a hundred nominees for the courts, yet only 58 have been confirmed. Nationwide more than 90 judgeships sit empty, and many of these have been classified as judicial emergencies. Yet 11 nominees for the courts of appeals have had to wait more than a year for the Senate Judiciary Committee to even hold a hearing.
In nominating judges President Bush chooses men and women of experience, judicial temperament, and good judgment people who respect the Constitution, and understand the limits of the judicial power. That is the only legitimate standard for selecting judges, and it is the only way to prevent outrages like the California ruling that banned the Pledge of Allegiance.
That decision was handed down by the court of appeals for the ninth circuit. President Bush has submitted three well qualified nominees for that court. And its become obvious to all Americans that we need some new judges on the ninth circuit.
For the fifth circuit, the President has nominated one of Johns former colleagues on the Supreme Court, Priscilla Owen. Fourteen months after her nomination was announced, Justice Owen will finally receive a hearing next Tuesday. At that hearing senators will meet a judge who was twice elected by the voters of this state a woman with a superb legal mind, who enjoys strong bipartisan support and the unqualified endorsement of no fewer than 15 former presidents of the State Bar of Texas.
Just this week Ron Kirk said that if he were elected to the US Senate, quote "there will be many times, probably more times than not, that I'll be supportive of the president." Yet, the first opportunity he had to forecast how he would work WITH the President, he came out AGAINST the president's first-rate nominee. All Texans should be proud of Priscilla Owens fine career and years of service to this state. The Senate should move to confirm her, and all of the Presidents judicial nominees, without wasting another day.
As our administration pursues a full agenda in Washington, never for a moment do we lose sight of the most important responsibility we have: to protect this nation against further attacks and to win the war that began on September 11, 2001.
The first thing the President and I do every day is to receive an intelligence briefing, and learn the current assessment of the dangers forming against the United States. There is little doubting that our enemies are determined to do further and significant harm to the American people. And there is no doubting that we will take every step necessary to defend our country and we will prevail.
The dangers to America require action on many fronts all at once. We are reorganizing the federal government to protect the nation against attack. At present, more than a hundred different federal agencies have some connection to homeland security. That means despite the best of intentions and the hard work of a lot of good people that authority is dispersed too widely accountability is lacking and there is too much duplication of administration. The time has arrived for a new Department of Homeland Security, gathering under one roof the capability to identify threats, check them against our vulnerabilities, and move swiftly to protect the American people. This new department will increase the focus and effectiveness of homeland security, and set clear lines of accountability. We intend to spend less money on bureaucracy and duplication and overhead and more money on protecting the American people.
At the same time, we realize that wars are not won on the defensive. We must take the battle to the enemy and, where necessary, preempt serious threats to our country before they materialize. The only path to safety is the path of action. The United States of America will act, and we will defeat the enemies of freedom.
This lesson has already been learned in Afghanistan, where U.S. forces destroyed the terror camps and liberated an entire nation from the Taliban regime. Yet Afghanistan is only the beginning of a long and unrelenting effort. Were we to stop now, any sense of security we might have would be false and temporary. There is a terrorist underworld spread out among 60 or more countries. The job we have will require every tool of diplomacy, finance, intelligence, law enforcement, and military power. But we will, over time, shut down terrorist camps wherever they are and disrupt terrorist plans and find the terrorists one by one, and bring them to justice. In the case of bin Laden as President Bush said the other day If hes alive, well get him. If hes not alive we got him.
But this war involves more than just a person or a single grouping of people. We also face the threat of weapons of mass destruction. And here the old doctrines of security do not apply. In the days of the Cold War, we were able to manage the threat with summit meetings, arms control treaties, and strategies of deterrence and containment. But there is no way to deter enemies who have no country to defend. And containment is not possible when dictators obtain weapons of mass destruction and have missiles to deliver them, or provide them in secret to a shadowy terror network.
We have already found confirmation that the al-Qaeda terrorists are seriously interested in nuclear and radiological weapons, and in biological and chemical agents. At the same time, there is a danger of terror groups joining together with regimes that have or are seeking to build weapons of mass destruction. In the case of Saddam Hussein, we have a dictator who is clearly pursuing these capabilities and has used them, both in his war against Iran and against his own people.
The government of the United States will not look the other way as threats accumulate against us. Every significant danger to our country requires the most careful, deliberate, and decisive response by America and our allies. A regime that has gassed thousands of its own citizens a regime that hates America and our friends must never be permitted to threaten America with weapons of mass destruction.
The most visible successes in the war have been achieved by our military. More than 60,000 troops are deployed around the world in this effort, and I visited some of them last spring, during my journey to the Middle East. Many of you here today have family members serving in the military. Wherever they are posted, the nation is depending on them. As a former secretary of defense, I have never been more proud of the men and women who wear the uniform of the United States of America.
In this challenge to our freedom we will be expecting a lot from our military and those who serve are entitled to expect a lot from us. If were going to ask young men and women to defend our country, our allies, and our freedom ... if were going to send them in harms way on dangerous missions to fight determined enemies they deserve the best tools, training, and support we can give them. For that reason, President Bush has asked for the most significant increase in defense spending since Ronald Reagan lived in the White House. And for the good of all our military families, the Presidents budget gives every man and woman in uniform a raise in pay and they have earned it.
The conduct of our military does more than bring credit to the country; it reflects the basic character of the American people. This is a good, decent, generous country. We fight not for revenge against our enemies, but for the freedom and security of our own people and for the peace of the world. At times in our history the price of freedom has been high, but Americans have always been willing to pay that price even when the odds weighed heavily against us.
I was reminded of this as I read David McCulloughs biography of our first vice president, John Adams. When Adams and his fellow delegates voted to approve the Declaration of Independence, they knew precisely what kind of trouble they were bringing on themselves. To sign the Declaration, one of the founders said, was like signing your own death warrant. As of July 4, 1776, they would be considered traitors to a king, at war with the army of an empire. Large numbers of enemy soldiers were already positioned on American soil, intent on crushing the rebellion in short order. In mid-August thirty-two thousand British troops landed at Staten Island an army greater in size than the entire population of our largest city at the time, Philadelphia. The American force was far smaller had very little in the way of equipment and supplies and was comprised almost entirely of poorly-trained volunteers. All they had was the courage of human beings determined to live in freedom.
Before they prevailed the Americans endured not weeks, or months, but years of hardship and struggle. The American victory at Yorktown didnt come until the fall of 1781. The Treaty of Paris, which John Adams helped negotiate and which ended the Revolution, was finally concluded in September of 1783 more than seven difficult years after the Declaration was signed.
From that day to this, the people of the United States have understood that the freedom we enjoy did not come easily and we have no intention of letting it slip away. History has called generations of Americans to defend our country and defeat some of the gravest threats humanity has known. We have accepted that duty once again, because we know the cause is just we understand that the hopes of the civilized world depend on us and we are certain of the victory to come.
In this time of testing I am very proud to stand beside a President who has united our nation behind great goals. For all the challenges we face, the United States of America has never been stronger than we are today and even better days are ahead of us. The President and I are very grateful for the opportunity to serve this country. We thank you for your support not just for our efforts, but for solid citizens like John Cornyn, who will be our partner in the important work ahead.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
Q:
How to get the key and value from associative array into a one dimensional array
eg.
['key' => 'value', 'key2' => 'value2']
to
['key', 'value', 'key2', 'value2']
Also, how do I get comma separated string from said array?
A:
Try to do something like that
foreach ($yourArray as $key => $value) {
echo $key . " " . $value;
}
It will echo string "key, value, key2, value2"
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
|
"To the extent that there's additional uncertainty with regard to the company's future, it will only create more challenges," says Cantor Fitzgerald analyst Derek Brown, whose firm makes a market in both Yahoo! and its rival Google ( GOOG).
Yahoo!'s shares have so far benefited from Microsoft's proposal. The stock has jumped as much as 53% since last Friday, when Microsoft publicly revealed its desire to merge the two companies, despite having been privately rebuffed by Yahoo! since 2006. Meanwhile, Microsoft's shares have dipped 7%.
Nonetheless, Yahoo!'s 14,000 employees, who might have been hoping for some much-needed direction, may not be getting it anytime soon. It could take months at best for the company to emerge with some sort of a resolution, and maybe even longer if the deal reaches the hands of the Federal Trade Commission or the U.S. Justice Department for review.
Such lengthy delays could put any one of Yahoo!'s current initiatives in limbo. Darren Chervitz, director of research at the Jacob Internet Fund, which has a position in Yahoo!, notes in particular the company's recent acquisition of Zimbra, which provides open source, next-generation email.
"If you're a Zimbra employee, you might be itching to jump," Chervitz says. "Anything that's new will be more vulnerable."
Yahoo! declined to comment beyond its original statement from Friday in which it said its board of directors will carefully and promptly evaluate Microsoft's proposal. John Robb, a spokesman for Zimbra, said the company's team "remains focused on our customers and delivering new production innovation."
He further noted that Zimbra has moved ahead with the 5.0 version of its product, released on Tuesday, as well as its latest version of Zimbra Desktop.
Even Yang has realized the need for him to keep up his troops' spirits. In a memo to his employees, written in informal lowercase letters, he acknowledged the disruption caused by the Microsoft proposal but urged everyone to stay on track.
"We can't let any of the noise we're hearing around this situation distract us from our core mission," he wrote. "It's critical that we continue to focus on running the business, executing our strategy and delivering value to all of our users, advertisers and publishers."
Easier said than done. Even if Microsoft never swooped in, Yahoo! would have had a difficult time retaining employees already pessimistic about the company's future.
"In the time that Yang's been CEO, we have not been particularly impressed with the plan he's laid out so far or the efforts that have seemed apparent to the Street," Brown says.
For all those who wondered whether they should rough it out with Yahoo! even before Microsoft's proposal, they may have a harder time convincing themselves to stay now, Chervitz says.
"These are in-demand computer engineers and marketing people in still pretty strong markets," Chervitz says.
For Microsoft, that could mean losing some of the very people it hopes to bring on board if the merger goes through. And for Google, whose search engine already has a sizable lead over Microsoft and Yahoo! combined, that could mean widening the gap as Yahoo! tries to sort out its future.
Still, Chervitz says Google's market is shrinking, so any increase in market share may end up being negligible. And given the current state of the economy, Yahoo!'s employees might not be so eager to put themselves back on the job market.
He imagines that turnover at the company may pick up 1% or 2% tops.
"I have a tough time believing it'll be a huge brain drain," Chervitz says. "But even a small level is not great."
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
Terror in Chch
Time to recall MPs’ anti-migrant rhetoric
ANALYSIS: We do a lot of talking about Islam at Parliament.
Hansard, the record of parliamentary speeches, has 139 mentions of the word "Muslim", 317 of the word "Islam", and 238 mentions of the word "Islamic" in its searchable record, which dates back to 2003.
In that same time, only one politician — Aaron “do you know I am?” Gilmore, as fate would have it — has mentioned "white supremacy", and none have spoken about "white nationalism".
Other religions are mentioned too — the word “Christian” is mentioned 520 times. But look a little closer, and a distinct difference emerges. While mentions of the word “Christian” tend to be followed by words like “Social Services” more than half of the 238 times, the word “Islam” is mentioned it is followed by the word “State”.
New Zealand is not immune from the global trend of conflating Islam and its nearly two billion adherents with terrorism.
Dr Mohamed Alansari of the University of Auckland noted that when people speak about Islam “it comes with a hint of judgment or a hint of a stereotype and it comes from a place of fear rather than a place of trying to understand”.
The apparent threat of Islam is often conflated with other issues, including security and migration.
No one in Parliament can be expected to wear the blame for Friday’s tragedy.
He was Australian, and appeared to have little connection to New Zealand. But those facts should not prohibit us from examining the crude and hateful rhetoric we have tolerated for too long.
Blame belongs almost exclusively to the terrorist himself. But hate does not breed in a vacuum, and the time is long overdue to hold our leaders to account for playing fast and loose with rhetoric — particularly when it comes to Islam.
Deputy Prime Minister Winston Peters has a longer history than most when it comes to linking concerns about terrorism to Muslims.
The End of Tolerance
In a 2005 speech titled The End Of Tolerance and delivered in the wake of the London bombings, Peters singled out Muslim migrants for special attention.
He spoke about the “political correctness” in other parties:
“They say – ah yes – but New Zealand has always been a nation of immigrants. They miss a crucial point. New Zealand has never been a nation of Islamic immigrants…”
Peters also suggested that moderate Muslims were operating “hand in glove” with extremists.
His exact words are worth quoting in full:
“This two-faced approach is how radical Islam works – present the acceptable face to one audience and the militant face to another.
“In New Zealand the Muslim community have been quick to show us their more moderate face, but as some media reports have shown, there is a militant underbelly here as well.
“Underneath it all the agenda is to promote fundamentalist Islam.
“Indeed these groups are like the mythical Hydra – a serpent underbelly with multiple heads capable of striking at any time and in any direction."
He went on to note that “in many parts of the world the Christian faith is under direct threat from radical Islam,” and said that he had sent a letter to all leaders of Islamic groups in New Zealand, calling them to name any “radicals, troublemakers and potential dangers to our society”.
For what it matters, Peters was wrong on the point of Muslim immigration to New Zealand: an article published in the Waikato Islamic Studies Review notes the first Muslim family to settle permanently in New Zealand arrived at some point in the 1850s and made their home in Cashmere, Christchurch.
Winston Peters has a long history of being outspoken on the issue of Muslim migrants. Photo: Lynn Grieveson.
Peters' language was called out at the time, with Prime Minister Helen Clark telling the House that it was “no more fair to smear all Muslims because some people of that religion commit acts of criminal, murderous violence than it would have been to smear all Irish people because of the acts of the IRA”.
But that was in August — just two months later, Peters was sworn in as Clark’s Foreign Minister.
Peters waded into the issue of Muslim migration even more recently. In the wake of the London Bridge attacks, in June 2017, Peters urged Muslims to turn in potential terrorists.
“While the Islamic community must clean house by turning these monsters in, it starts with their own families,” he said.
Again, Peters lashed out at the culture of political correctness that allowed Muslim “communities apart” to form.
“We must avoid the same politically correct trap that has allowed such communities apart to form — that is, it is we who must change as a society, they say, to accommodate the cultural practices and traditions of others; that, in some twisted spirit of inclusiveness, it is we who must change, and not them,” he said.
Peters was again called out, this time by ACT’s David Seymour, but just a few months after those comments were made, Peters again found himself in government - this time as Deputy Prime Minister.
He made similar remarks about the Orlando nightclub shooting, also in 2017.
But it is not just Peters who wears the blame. Other parties have trafficked in dog-whistle politics too.
National's Judith Collins has claimed the United Nations migration pact would give over "sovereignty for so much of our immigration" to the global body. Photo: Lynn Grieveson.
The National Party has been running a campaign against New Zealand’s signing last December of the UN’s Global Migration Pact.
National alleges, in the words of Judith Collins, that the non-binding pact would give “over sovereignty for so much of our immigration to the United Nations”, a fear which has been stoked and disseminated by online far-right groups according to the Politico news website.
Indeed, as Newsroom noted on Friday, the UN appeared to be a concern of the man who attacked Green co-leader James Shaw on Thursday morning. References to the pact were also scrawled on one of Brenton Tarrant’s guns.
For its part, the UN and many observers refute the notion that it creates “a right to migrate”. Francis Collins, the director of New Zealand’s National Institute of Demographic and Economic Analysis, told Newsroom in December the pact was more about “aspirations”.
“It’s really just an attempt I think to set a number of global norms, or we might even call them aspirations, that countries agreeing to the compact then might try to work towards around migration policy, to sort of get away from both the variations and some of the problematic outcomes of migration policy internationally.”
But that hasn’t stopped some strong rhetoric springing up around the agreement. National’s Gerry Brownlee said on Newshub it would “pretty much open borders”.
National started a petition, saying the pact “defers our immigration policy to the UN” and that it “restricts the ability of future governments to set immigration and foreign policy, and to decide on which migrants are welcome and which aren’t”.
The petition was quietly removed from the party's website in the wake of the shootings. A National spokesman initially claimed the deletion had taken place weeks ago as part of a standard archiving process.
However, in the wake of cached website data showing the page was still online as of Friday afternoon, National leader Simon Bridges revealed an emotional staffer had deleted the petition on Friday night - a fact he said he only became aware of on Tuesday morning.
AIDS, tuberculosis claims
Peters has also had a swipe at the UN on migration. In 2003 he slammed then-Immigration Minister, Lianne Dalziel now the mayor of Christchurch, in the House. Calling her a “bungling, illegal immigrant-loving, hand-wringing, ineffectual, incompetent, no-hoper”.
Citing an open letter from Dalziel, he said she claimed “she cannot do a thing about an alleged Muslim terrorist, because the United Nations will not let her”.
He went on to say she had “done more to destroy the fabric of our society” than any other minister, including bringing “planeloads of Third World ratbags” to the country.
Peters went even further, citing “an illegal African immigrant” who was “raping New Zealand women, infecting them with AIDS, and condemning them to an early death,” and Third World migrants bringing cases of tuberculosis to Auckland hospital.
“I have news for the Prime Minister, her useless Minister of Immigration, and for all the Labour Party Klingons who are polluting this country with the riff-raff of the Third World.
“It is time to put the health and safety of our people first. We are part of the politically correct drivel about saving the world’s flotsam and jetsam,” he said.
Labour also has some guilt. In 2005, then-Immigration Minister David Cunliffe answered questions in The Listener about the Government’s policy of additional screening for migrants from “high-risk” countries.
Labour's tough talk on migration has made some Muslim migrants feel less safe, one Muslim woman in Christchurch says. Photo: Lynn Grieveson.
"Some countries have a higher risk profile in terms of the people they send here and the immigration profiling group within the Immigration Service assesses the risk of individual applicants from those countries,” he said.
He was responding to remarks from then-National leader Don Brash about migrants from countries with "bedrock values”.
Cunliffe pushed back at Brash’s rhetoric, saying he was "trying to do what others have done in history, which is define the 'in' crowd by who is not in it”. But the Listener noted that in practice, the government’s immigration policy was little different to Brash’s, and prioritised migrants from Britain.
Then there was the controversy over Labour's "Chinese-sounding names" attack on overseas home buyers, and a general sense of tough talk on immigration numbers both leading up to and following the 2017 election.
It may not have been aimed at Muslims, but some undoubtedly felt its sting.
Speaking to media outside the Christchurch welfare centre on Sunday, one Muslim woman pointed to the stream of announcements and updates on migration numbers from the Government, saying many in the community felt more targeted and less safe now than before the election.
“People fear the unknown. What they see in the media is Muslims are trying to take over. It's a narrative that people struggle to diminish."
Alansari says that in a vacuum, poor rhetoric has shaped people’s views around Muslims.
“People fear the unknown,” he said.
“What they see in the media is Muslims are trying to take over. It's a narrative that people struggle to diminish,” he said.
“When it comes to understanding the Muslim culture and Muslim religious beliefs, it's often based on misinformed information."
It will take time to know for certain whether such views shaped Tarrant’s views, as it now appears. Media and politicians are wisely not taking his manifesto at face value.
Until then, it seems right to hold our leaders’ rhetoric around race and immigration up to the light, and truly ask ourselves whether we did enough to stamp out racism when it came from people we elected.
Still better, it might be time for parties to look who is on their lists and see what can be done to let New Zealand’s Muslims use the floor of the House to speak for themselves.
Newsroom corrected comments in this story about the deletion National Party's petition on the UN migration pact, after a party spokesman claimed they were incorrect. However, with Simon Bridges now confirming the party did delete the petition following the attacks, we have reinstated the original sentences, along with some information on the denial and retraction.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
|
[The characteristics of cylindruria in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis].
Qualitative and quantitative indices of cylindruria were studied in 325 patients aged from 15 to 64 with various morphological forms of chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). In 237 of them function of kidneys was unchanged while remaining 88 patients revealed various degrees of chronic renal failure (CRF). Parameters of cylindruria in patients with CGN varied widely, significant correlation having been established between presence of erythrocytic cylinders in urinary residue and degree of haematuria. Large granular cylinders were observed in patients with severe and moderate CRF as distinct from patients with normal renal function and initial stage of renal insufficiency.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
Burlington, MA (February 26, 2018)—Avid’s Board of Directors has terminated chief executive officer Louis Hernandez Jr. and appointed Jeff Rosica as its CEO, effective immediately. Hernandez has additionally resigned from his position on the Avid board of directors and Nancy Hawthorne has been elected chairman of the board.
According to Avid, the termination was due to violations of company policies related to workplace conduct. According to a statement from the company, the move was made with the assistance of independent external legal counsel after a special committee comprising independent members of the board of directors conducted “a thorough investigation into allegations of improper non-financially related workplace conduct by Mr. Hernandez. After reviewing the findings of the special committee’s investigation, the board of directors unanimously concluded that the findings warranted immediate termination of Mr. Hernandez’s employment.”
Assuming the mantle of CEO is company president Jeff Rosica, a three-decade industry veteran who joined Avid in early 2013. Prior to his role as president, he served as senior vice president, chief sales and marketing officer for Avid.
Rosica remarked, “I am honored and excited for this opportunity to lead Avid through this important moment in the company’s history. The outlook for Avid is strong, and I look forward to working with the leadership team, the board and our incredibly talented employees as we execute on our strategic priorities and continue our journey to be a best-in-class company and leader in our industry.”
Hernandez first came to Avid in February, 2013, appointed in the wake of a resignation by the company’s previous president/CEO, Gary Greenfield. Prior to his time at Avid, Hernandez was chairman of the board and chief executive officer of Open Solutions, a technology provider for financial institutions.
Under his watch, Avid underwent an often painful consolidation as it shuttered numerous U.S. offices, laying off hundreds of employees in 2016 to move R&D, engineering and customer care services overseas to Taiwan, Poland and the Philippines, though Hernandez later stated in a Pro Sound News interview that the overall reduction was only 10 percent of the company’s workforce. Nonetheless, during his five year run, the company also introduced its Avid Everywhere infrastructure which has taken root and helped stabilize the once-shaky company.
According to Morningstar, following the announcement of Hernandez’s termination, Avid stock dropped 1.9% in early morning trading.
Avid • www.avid.com
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
|
Inferior Turbinate Reduction: Diode LASER or Conventional Partial Turbinectomy?
Hypertrophy of inferior nasal turbinate is one of the most common causes for nasal obstruction (NO). As diode laser has proven to be as effective as any other lasers, our objective was to study various primary outcomes of its use of diode laser like improvement in NO, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative pain, and rapidity of healing. The study was undertaken to compare the various outcomes by diode laser turbinate reduction (LTR) and conventional partial inferior turbinectomy (PIT). A nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted on 2 groups: One group (30 cases) underwent LTR and PIT was performed in the other group (30 cases). The improvement in NO was measured postoperatively up to 6 months. Intraoperative bleeding was measured and postoperative pain scores were assessed each day up to fifth postoperative day. Lastly, rapidity of healing was evaluated until 6 months. Subjective relief of NO was 90.8% in LTR group, whereas it was 65% in PIT group at 6-month follow-up, which was statistically significant (P < .05). Pain scores were higher until 5 days in PIT group compared to LTR group (P = .0001). Intraoperative bleeding mean scores (milliliters) were 8.03 in LTR group compared to 23.29 in PIT group (P = .00001). Rapidity of healing was faster in LTR group with mean scores of 3.03 weeks in comparison to PIT group where it was 6.33 weeks (P = .00001). Compared to the conventional technique, the outcomes were better with diode laser and caused less morbidity.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
Q:
Login popup like digg or twitter
I am looking for jquery plugin popup like digg or twitter login.
Which jquery plugin can achieve this?
I should be able to add forms and including ajax support.
Thanks
A:
You can use pretty much any modalbox plugin to achieve a similar effect. I like simplemodal because of how easily it can be customized.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
|
This invention relates to method and device for controlling communication traffic, and particular to managing of communication traffic to networks, which will be occupied for a long time during the communication, such as communication between a telephone set and an internet or the like. It relates also managing of communication between telephone sets connected to the same access network (AN).
The European Telecommunications Standard Institute (ETSI) has produced standards of type V, the V5.1 and V5.2 interfaces (ETS 300 324-1 and ETS 300 347-1), as an interface between two systems, an Access Network (AN) and a Local Exchange (LE), with flexible (provisioned) information channel (bearer channel) allocation. Supported access types in the V5 interface standard are ISDN-BA and PSTN services. ISDN-BA are provided for digital communication and PSTN for speech communication.
An access network is a system which is implemented between the Local Exchange and the user. Several access networks can be connected to the same local Exchange.
An interface within ETSI has been defined to connect Access Networks (AN) to Local Exchanges (LE). Two V5 interfaces have been defined, one for multiplexing and the second for concentration capabilities in the AN controlled by the LE. This invention relates essentially to the V5.2 interface which concentrates the traffic and causes congestion for others when a sufficient number of users change the traffic behaviour from ordinary telephone calls to calls to be digitised and connected to an internet, a management network, an intranet or the like. This is also due for management networks.
The V5 interface standard, as defined in ETSI having the reference ETS 300 347-1 and ITU-T having the reference G.965, has no support for dropping traffic of the kind mentioned above already in the access network.
PCs (PC=Personal Computers) are nowadays often and will in the future automatically be provided with a multimedia interface, such an access to a data network, e.g. a public data network, for instance an internet, i.e. comprising multiple subnetworks communicating with each other. The PC is connected to the telephone net by means of a modem. Telephone communication between the PC and the public data network often takes a long time, which occupies a telephone line during a time essentially exceeding the time of a normal telephone call.
In an earlier system having direct access to a data network, each subscriber could be provided with a unit dividing the calls in telephone traffic and data traffic intended to be sent through different networks. The subscriber had then to have at least two subscriptions, one for the telephone network and one for the data network. A system like that need extra control circuits for the handling of data traffic on to the data network for each subscriber. This is expensive both for the communication company and for the subscriber.
EP-A-0731618 describes a method for controlling communication traffic for sets connected to the same access network, where every call is linked to a local exchange. A protocol is provided in the access network and the local exchange making it possible to connect sets connected to the access network to communicate with each other. The local exchange sends back an allocation signal according to the protocol when the local exchange has identified that a call request has its destiny to the access network which the call request come from, to set up the call inside the access network without having a pathsway set up for the call in question between the access network and the exchange during the communication.
It is important to provide a cheap and functional telecommunication network which always is available to transmit a call from a subscriber. Concentration of traffic is a common method used in transmission networks to reuse transmission lines for several subscribers. This method is well known and is build on Erlang""s model and very useful for ordinary analogue PSTN services (PSTN=Public, Switched Telephone Network). Nowadays, when the network has become overloaded with data service which has a different behaviour than ordinary telephone calls the existing traffic model need be justified. Data service behaviour can have quite short call length but generate more signalling than ordinary calls. Other data services like internet calls or the like have very long call lengths and no or very low signalling. This invention intends to provide a solution of the last-mentioned situation.
The invention provides a simple and inexpensive solution for minimizing the burden imposed on normal telephone traffic by the calls to data services. Data traffic across a telephone line connected to a local exchange in a telephone network will occupy this line for a considerable time period. The data traffic is, for instance, communication between a subscriber and the Internet or an intranet or the like. The invention separates this data traffic out from ordinary telephone traffic to thereby minimize the influence on ordinary telephone traffic.
An object of the invention is to provide a solution on the problem mentioned above.
To make it possible for ordinary telephone calls to be served in the same way as earlier the long time data traffic need be separated out from the V5.2 interface. Thus, the internet traffic should be routed from the calling station to a dedicated device, such as an access server, placed in or in the connection to the same access network as the calling station and connected almost directly to the long time network, such as internet or the like. The access server multiplexes the calls from the users of the access network before transmitting them to the long time network on only one line. Additional functionality could be made in the ordinary BCC protocol (BCC=Bearer Channel Connection) to allow internal call set-up in the access network controlled in the same way from the local exchange as ordinary calls. The intention according to the invention is that the access server should send a series of data packets for all the subscribers connected to the access network directly to the long time data network.
Thus, functionality already existing in the V5.2 interface standard is added to set-up internal connections in the access network to dedicated networks for internet kind of traffic or the like. The same access server could be used for a number of dedicated networks connected to a switch of for instance the ATM-kind connected to the dedicated networks, or an individual access server could be provided for each dedicated network or a mixture of these possibilities could be provided. The access server could be connected and treated by the access network in the same way as anyone of the telephone lines connected to it, i.e. it has the same type of protocol with L3-address etc.
When a subscriber makes a dial in order to connect to an internet or the like a connection is first made from the access network to a local exchange with a V5.2 interface. The BCC-protocol provided with an amendment makes it possible for the access network to provide internal connections between subscribers connected to the same access network. The local exchange identifies the call as a call to the data network and sends back an allocation to the calling set. The access network reacts on this allocation and makes a direct connection between the calling set and the access server. Thereafter the connection between the user and the data network is established without going through the local exchange and the V5.2 interface on bearer channels (B-channels) even though the local exchange still monitors the call through the C-channel for signalling. Thus, the public telephone network will not be loaded by the long time data traffic.
The invention add functionality already existing in the V5.2 interface standard to set-up internal connection in the access network to dedicated networks for data communication with for instance an internet. The invention will not interfere with the ordinary telephone traffic to subscribers outside the actual access network and/or data traffic of other kind than the one in the data network to which the access server(s) are directly connected to. The invention can act together with the AXE-system.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
|
Othello Village is on a plot of land behind a gas station, surrounded by a chain-link fence. It consists of 28 wooden huts and 12 tents that flap in a bitter Pacific wind. Residents share a shower, toilet and kitchen tent, with food stored in plastic boxes to keep out the rats.
Until recently the cabins lacked heating or electricity, and the children who live there – currently 11 of its 67 inhabitants – had to use flashlights to read their schoolbooks. This is how Seattle, one of the richest cities in the world, flush with cash from Amazon and Microsoft, houses some of its poorest residents.
Seattle is not alone. Wooden cabins euphemistically referred to as tiny houses are increasingly viewed as a quick and cheap solution to homelessness and, with minimal public debate, they are mushrooming across the country.
The shed-like structures have appeared in vacant lots and scrubland in at least 10 states, from Florida to New York to Utah. But the trend is most apparent in northern California and the Pacific north-west. Some of America’s most liberal cities have in recent years shifted from banning and clearing unauthorized homeless settlements, based in part on the argument they were unfit for habitation, to sanctioning and even funding camps that skirt building regulations thanks to loopholes or special dispensation.
Depending on who you ask, moving homeless people into tiny houses is either a pragmatic means of rescuing them from the street or an alarming shift in urban planning that could pave the way for the creation of shantytowns.
Barbara Poppe, who coordinated federal homelessness policy for most of Barack Obama’s presidency, said she believes the development of slums is a real risk and that some of the ramshackle camps used for homeless people are “completely deplorable”.
“Why would we accept that people should be living in huts that don’t have access to water, electricity and sanitation?” she said, adding that such basic accommodation stigmatizes homeless people.
Poppe now works as a leading homelessness consultant. She was recently hired by Seattle’s mayor, Ed Murray, to review the city’s homelessness strategy . She advised against funding tiny house encampments, arguing the money would be better spent constructing permanent affordable housing. The city is going ahead with them regardless.
“I always challenge the folks on the west coast about this,” Poppe said. “I say, ‘I don’t understand why you find it acceptable for children and infants to live like this.’” The response, Poppe added, is often a blank stare and a stock reply: “We have to do something. This is better than doing nothing.”
Facebook Twitter Pinterest Gregory Kloehn has built some 50 tiny houses and distributed them to homeless people in West Oakland. Photograph: Brian J Reynolds
‘It’s empowering for the people involved’
That’s also the view of residents of Othello, which opened last year.
They say they are grateful for the lockable doors on their cabins, which offer more privacy than city shelters. Shelters are also often at capacity and exclude many homeless people with rules barring couples and pets.
The rules tend to be more flexible in tiny-house and tent encampments, some of which were born of previously unauthorized camps run by homeless people. Othello is self-managed, with rotations for chores such as manning the security gate.
“It’s self-organization, it’s empowering for the people involved,” said Sean Smith, a former cook who moved into his cabin a couple of months ago. “As opposed to feeling crushed under the weight of circumstance.”
It’s empowering for the people involved ... As opposed to feeling crushed under the weight of circumstance Sean Smith
Smith, who was born in Seattle and has spent much of the past three decades homeless, conceded the tiny house was rudimentary. “It’s a wooden tent, that’s what it is, basically,” he said. “Sure, I got structure, I got the ability to lock the door. I would love to see a fully functioning village where each unit is actually a home.”
He added that someone could “get hypothermia in one of these”.
Even so, Smith and others objected last month when the nonprofit that supports the camp raised enough money to connect the huts to electricity, bringing heat and light. They felt the money would be better spent on constructing more tiny houses, because homeless people inquire about vacancies on a daily basis.
The ethics of tiny homes seem more fraught when their youngest inhabitants are taken into account.
On the other side of Seattle, on land owned by the Lutheran Church of the Good Shepherd, there is a cluster of 14 cabins. Their residents include a woman named Rhonda, who became homeless after losing her job as a restaurant manager. She said she was grateful for the shelter but was finding it a cramped place in which to bring up her five-year-old daughter, Brooklyn.
Outside in America: learn more about our ongoing homelessness project Read more
“She’s got a lot of energy,” she said. “There’s just no room. No TV. Nothing to do.” Her daughter would often rather sit in a car, she said, than spend hours inside the one-room cabin.
‘You have to put homeless people somewhere’
Sharon Lee, executive director of Seattle’s Low Income Housing Institute, which manages both settlements, stressed that the cabins are supposed to be temporary accommodation. “We don’t want tiny houses to be a dead end,” she said.
She hit upon the concept after decades navigating restrictive building codes and planning rules that made it impossible to build cheap and quick housing for homeless people; Lee was thrilled to discover “a bit of a loophole” whereby structures smaller than 120-square feet are not recognized as permanent dwellings. Tiny houses costing a mere $2,200 would be exempt from regulations governing residential buildings.
Seattle – which has declared a state of emergency over its homelessness crisis – threw its support behind the initiative, granting special permission for clusters of cabins on public and private land across the city and giving Lee $1.24m to run various sites in 2017. By the end of the year, her organization will have 127 cabins at five locations, providing shelter to more than 310 men, women and children.
The city insists they are only a stopgap solution, and the ultimate goal is to move tiny-house residents into permanent homes. Lee said she has achieved this with 161 people.
But she conceded there was a shortage of places where people could move. Seattle’s lack of affordable housing has contributed to what Lee calls the worst homelessness crisis of her 25-year career. Her own organization owns or manages around 2,000 units of affordable housing and is constantly building more, but it can take three to four years for any one project to come to fruition. The situation may be helped by a huge property-tax levy for low-income housing that was approved by voters last year.
In the meantime, “you have to put homeless people somewhere”, Lee said. “If the shelters can’t take them, where should they be? On the streets?”
You have to put homeless people somewhere. If the shelters can’t take them, where should they be? On the streets? Sharon Lee
This is not the only indication that tiny-house villages may be an enduring presence.
Ten encampments of shed-like structures for homeless people are planned for the end of 2017 in San Jose, in an area where the expansion of technology giants such as Google, Apple and Facebook has contributed to an acute housing shortage and soaring rental costs. It is the most ambitious tiny-house experiment in the country.
Ray Bramson, a manager at the city’s housing department, said the aim is for every occupant of a tiny house to be moved into permanent housing within five years, a goal bolstered by the recent approval of a local ballot measure that will channel hundreds of millions of dollars into affordable homes. In any event, the California legislation that allows San Jose to bypass building and safety rules for its tiny houses expires in 2022.
Yet Bramson conceded that “things could change” and that if the demand persists, the legislation could be renewed. “If these continue to be viable we would absolutely look into whether they could stay longer,” he said.
Andrew Heben, who helped start a tiny-house village in Oregon and has documented their rise in his book, Tent City Urbanism, said that virtually all of them began as temporary encampments that cities only reluctantly agreed to. But he said he was unaware of any that have been shut down.
“Most cities insist on the ‘temporary’ designation even though they know these will be needed into the foreseeable future,” he said.
Facebook Twitter Pinterest Alan describes his tiny home as ‘utter relief ... like reaching the shore after a shipwreck.’ Photograph: Jenny Riffle/The Guardian
A growing movement
The movement is burgeoning. In Los Angeles and Oakland, both cities that have resisted efforts for city-approved communities of tiny houses, activists have been distributing homemade varieties in unsanctioned acts of guerilla philanthropy. An artist named Gregory Kloehn has built some 50 tiny houses and distributed them to homeless people in West Oakland.
But if tiny houses for homeless people are indeed destined to become permanent features of the cityscape, some say they must meet a higher standard. There is added urgency, Heben argues, because the need for them will almost certainly increase under the Trump administration. The Republican president has, for example, proposed cutting billions of dollars from the Department of Housing and Urban Development, which funds affordable housing.
Heben’s second village, which he begins construction on this month, will be a permanent community consisting of 250-square feet structures – small as opposed to tiny – with en-suite bathrooms and even kitchenettes.
They will cost $60,000 per unit rather than $3,300, as at Heben’s inaugural project, yet they will still only be a third of the price of conventional affordable housing in Eugene.
These sorts of comparatively comfortable tiny homes already exist at Quixote village in Olympia, the state capital of Washington. Some view it as the gold-standard for tiny house communities. Ten of the original 30 residents who moved in three years ago have stayed, and some have signaled they want to remain for good. Quixote “is almost the pinnacle of their aspirations”, said Alan, 66, a resident for two years.
Showers and shared kitchen facilities are in a warm, permanent building, rather than the canvas tents used sixty miles away in Seattle. Every tiny house has a porch and a bathroom. As an equal proportion of the development’s total price tag, each house costs $88,000; on an individual basis they are $19,000 per unit.
Alan said that he and his ex-wife, both nurses, once had a combined income of $100,000 and a 32ft sailboat. But their divorce tipped him into a downward spiral, and he spent more than a decade living in a homemade shack, on the streets, and in a Salvation Army shelter.
He recalled the feeling when he first moved into his tiny home in Quixote just over two years ago. “The ability to go in the cabin, close the door, lie on the bed – utter relief,” he said. “Like reaching the shore after a shipwreck.”
Alan reads for as many as 18 hours a day – “it is probably the most extreme, intense, escapism,” he said - and there are New Yorker covers decorating the walls of his cabin and books stacked in every corner. On the windowsill is a book that documents how shantytowns appeared across Seattle during the Great Depression.
Might tiny houses for homeless people also be described as shanties?
“That’s a viewpoint taken from high above,” he said. “To the people out there on streets, living in cardboard boxes in alleyways, this represents the promised land.”
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
|
Latent microvolt T-wave alternans in survivors of unexplained cardiac arrest unmasked by epinephrine challenge.
The arrhythmogenic substrate in survivors of unexplained cardiac arrest (UCA) has not been defined. To test the hypothesis that patients with UCA have latent repolarization abnormalities, in particular T-wave alternans (TWA), which may be unmasked with epinephrine (EPI) challenge. We prospectively studied 10 UCA survivors (46 ± 9 years) and 11 first-degree relatives (FDRs) of sudden death victims (37 ± 14 years). Patients with UCA underwent standard clinical testing, which was normal. FDRs had normal clinical history and testing. All subjects underwent an EPI infusion (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 μg/(kg·min), 5 minutes each dose) while recording continuous digital 12-lead electrocardiograms. Corrected QT interval and QT variability index were evaluated at each EPI dose. TWA magnitude (V(alt)) was assessed at each dose by using the spectral method. Positive (+) TWA at each dose was defined as V(alt) > 0 with k ≥ 3 in 1 or more 128-beat segment in ≥2 electrocardiogram leads. A novel metric, TWA burden, reflecting V(alt) integrated over time (s), was also evaluated for each EPI dose. There was no difference between UCA survivors and FDRs with respect to heart rate, QT, corrected QT interval, or QT variability index at baseline or during EPI. At baseline, +TWA was similar between UCA survivors and FDRs (10% vs 0%; P = NS). During EPI, +TWA was more prevalent in UCA survivors than in FDRs (80% vs 18%; P = .009). TWA burden was greater in UCA survivors than in FDRs during EPI 0.1 (P = .039) and EPI 0.2 μg/(kg·min) (P = .009). UCA survivors are more likely to demonstrate latent TWA compared with FDRs, which becomes manifest with EPI. This novel finding provides evidence for an arrhythmogenic substrate in UCA survivors.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
Emerging noninvasive biomarkers for early detection of Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis still depends on the triad of clinical, imaging and neuropsychological testing. The development of accurate, easy to use and inexpensive biological markers for AD is a long-standing aspiration for researchers and the medical community. Here we describe some of the recent advances in the field of biomarkers, both in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in peripheral blood.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
[A new method of evaluation of split renal function based on contrast-enhanced multislice spiral computed tomography].
Traditionally, evaluation of the split renal function is performed using nephroscintigraphy. However, as shown in several studies, there might be quite significant inaccuracy in the interpretation of dynamic nephroscintigraphy results. But due to the lack of alternative methods for evaluation of split renal function, nephroscintigraphy remains the method of choice. To investigate the feasibility of digital analysis of contrast-enhanced MSCT imaging for evaluation of the split renal function. This is a prospective study conducted at the R.M. Fronshteyn Clinic of Urology from November 2015 to February 2017. The study comprised 31 patients with urolithiasis (n=7), hydronephrosis (n=9), kidney cancer (n=14) and urinary bladder tumor (n=1). During the preoperative period, the patients underwent contrast-enhanced MSCT, 3D-reconstruction, and digital analysis. The obtained data were compared with the results of dynamic nephroscintigraphy. Contrast-enhanced MSCT findings were not inferior to data obtained with dynamic nephroscintigraphy regarding information content (p<0.004). The new method of digital processing of three-dimensional contrast-enhanced MSCT allows for concomitant assessment of both the anatomical features of the kidney and renal function that may help to improve the accuracy of surgical planning to choose the optimal extension of the intervention.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
Ryan Jones has kept his Wales place despite losing the captaincy for Saturday's Test against New Zealand.
Jones captained Wales in their shambolic 16-16 draw with Fiji last week, conceding an injury-time penalty that cost his team victory and was then told by the head coach Warren Gatland that Matthew Rees would reclaim leadership duties against the All Blacks.
Jones described it as "the worst 20 minutes" of his rugby career, but Gatland – who faced a chorus of criticism from those who felt he had made Jones a scapegoat – has retained the 29-year-old.
He moves from blindside flanker to No8, with Dan Lydiate wearing the No6 shirt and the fit-again Sam Warburton preferred to his Cardiff Blues colleague Martyn Williams at openside.
Both Warburton and the prop Gethin Jenkins have recovered from calf muscle injuries that ruled them out of the South Africa and Fiji games earlier this month, while there is a surprise recall for the powerful Blues wing Tom James.
James, who was not included in Gatland's original autumn Test squad, is parachuted straight into the team after being preferred to Aled Brew, Chris Czekaj, Will Harries and Tom Prydie to replace Shane Williams who has a dislocated shoulder.
James, 23, has not played for Wales since last season's Six Nations defeat against England at Twickenham. He stormed out of training – and the squad – after being criticised by Gatland.
There are nine changes and two back-row positional switches from the Fiji match, with returning players including Tom Shanklin, Stephen Jones, Mike Phillips, Bradley Davies, Alun Wyn Jones and Rees, who captained Wales in recent weeks against Australia and South Africa.
Both Thomas and Martyn Williams are on the bench, where Gatland has opted for five forwards and just two backs in Richie Rees and Andrew Bishop.
Gatland said: "Sam Warburton gets his chance to start, and Ryan Jones, having not played a lot of rugby this season, has a chance to play at No8. But we are also conscious that we have a strong bench to call on to come on and make an impact in that area.
"Gethin Jenkins is back in the front row, Matthew Rees also returns, and with Adam Jones in the best shape I've seen him, we know we are strong there.
"Tom James was injured when we named the squad at the start of the series, but he did well for the Blues last weekend in their game against Ulster. He has genuine pace, and that along with size and physicality and some experience at this level is what we are going to need against New Zealand."
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
Video: In the Studio with Deanna Bowen
For almost a decade, Toronto artist Deanna Bowen has been excavating her family’s genealogy—who they were and how generations of them have experienced anti-Blackness in 20th-century Canada.
“It’s been a long, long journey of unpacking Blackness in Canada, the problem being that it’s such a complex, ultimately violent story that I’m talking about,” Bowen says. “So how do you frame it properly?”
To understand how her family history positions her in Canada today, Bowen’s deep historical research ranges from community and institutional archives, first-person conversations and forgotten photographs to newspaper clippings and television recordings. She uses whatever medium can best tell the stories she uncovers: shot-for-shot remakes in video and performance, documentary photography, text-based reproductions, and a theatrical production for a fall 2017 solo exhibition at Mercer Union.
In this studio-visit video, Bowen shares key works that have resulted from this intensive research, including aspects of Invisible Empires—a project that reproduced and re-presented white-supremacist artifacts in a gallery setting.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
Compare and Contrast Eastern and Abrahamic Religions * Abrahamic religions are dualistic: they believe in two kinds of reality- the material and nonmaterial. On the other hand, the Eastern religions believe mostly in one kind of reality. * In the Eastern religions, sentient beings have value because any of them could be reincarnated souls. But in Abrahamic religions, a clear distinction is made between humans and the rest of the world. It is humanity that it at the center of creation. * In Abrahamic religions, all things were created by God, and it is God who will someday end things as they are. However, Eastern religions mostly believe that the universe is non-created and is eternal. * The principle of Karma is what the Eastern religions use to explain many of the bad things that happen in life. Things are the way they are because how one lived in a previous life. The Abrahamic religions, on the other hand, explain the bad things that happen in life in terms of reaping and sowing, and the original sin of Adam and Eve. * In the Abrahamic religions, there is the belief that a person gets only one life to live right, and then he or she can attain a reward at the end of life. So sin is taken very seriously. The religions of the East teach that one gets many life times to make things right. There is always a chance for liberation. So sin is not taken as seriously as in the Abrahamic religions- though they all fear building up bad Karma. * In the Eastern religions, it mostly through enlightenment that humans become better. Knowledge is paramount; looking within is the key. However, the Abrahamic religions emphasize enlightenment through getting closer to God. Reading his word and obeying him all contribute to a true kind of enlightenment and eternal rewards at the end of this life. * Eastern religions teach the concept of Dharma- which a personal duty of all humans. Dharma is also considered to be the basic principles of the cosmos. But, again,...
YOU MAY ALSO FIND THESE DOCUMENTS HELPFUL
...technology, there was religion. This was part of the pre-modern times. Depending upon what part of the world you are from depends on what type of religion you are likely to encounter. This also determines the likelihood of what religion you may have grown up with. Your religion and your background helps in determining what values you may have. These believe and values vary in different religions. Some may learn some parts of these religions from movies or hearsay. Sometimes as we get older it is hard to determine what we believe as we do.
Before 500 BC there were three western religions. They started very similar in the pre-modern times. When you look into the religion of Islam, the studies not only consist of the Qur'an but also the Bible. There are similarities as well as differences amongst these two religions. Many with the Muslims community that have converted from a Christian background before turning to Islam as their spiritual guidance. There are many comparisons as well as differences amongst these two religions.
Judaism, one of the western religions compares closely with the religions of Christianity and Islam. The bible is used in the religious studies although preferred in the original Hebrew text. Amongst these three western religions come relationships that will have learners...
...The "Soul" According to Eastern & Western Religions
The idea of the soul varies widely in religious tradition. While these variations exist, its basic definition is unvarying. The soul can be described as the ultimate internal principle by which we think, feel, and will, and by which our bodies are animated. The soul is seen as the core principle of life or as the essence of a being 1. Views on the permanence of the soul vary throughout religious tradition as well. While some view it as a mortal entity in flux others believe the soul is an immortal and permanent unit. These interpretations vary from time period to time period and between religions. These characteristics of the soul are interpreted differently through an Eastern or Western perspective. In general, Eastern and Western Religions, with the exception of Buddhism, consider the soul to be a permanent entity, which is either reborn or sentenced to a permanent heaven or hell.
Christianity views the soul as the permanent entity within oneself, which is judged by God. The purity of one's soul decides whether it passes to heaven or hell. Christianity shares this basic belief with both Islam and Judaism which also say heaven or hell is the final resting place of the soul. The Easternreligion, Hinduism, preaches that Atman, or permanent soul, is in every being and is the embodiment of the...
...Western and EasternReligion Comparison
Islam and Buddhism are two distinct religious traditions that provide their own
meaningful responses to the fundamental questions about life. Their views on
issues relating to the possibility of a Supreme Being, the purpose of life and
their understanding of the cycle of life and death are all quite distinct from
each other, but at the same time, having minor similarities. These can be seen
in the following comparative study between the teachings of these two world
religions. Is there a Supreme Being? What is the nature of the divine? All
Muslims profess the existence of the One and Only God, God Almighty who is also
referred to as 'Allah'. They firmly believe that Allah is the most high and
honored, the creator and the sustainer of all that exists and he has no physical
connections between any thing he has created whether it be the creatures or
human beings on this earth. He has no beginning and no end. Allah has no
physical dimensions like hunger, sleep or rest for he is the one who gives such
attributes to his creatures. Buddhism on the other hand, recognises no creator
god who initially brought the universe into existence and continues to control
it in the way that Allah controls everything that is or happens in the universe
from the smallest to the greatest events. The founder of Buddhism, who is known
as Buddha, did not want to be worshipped as a god. He taught that...
...Religion is the one element of life that has connected the races and societies of the world for hundreds of years. It has given meaning to lives that may seem otherwise hopeless. Out of the 5 religions I have looked at, I think 3 of the religions are the most alike. Christianity, Judaism and Islam are all very closely unified as Abrahamicreligions because they share tons of common beliefs and thoughts. My investigation is on some of the similarities and differences of these three religions. All three religions believe in one God and the same God, the God of Abraham. So how do they differ?
The Abrahamic faiths are strictly monotheistic. Even though Christians believe the Holy Triune (God as the Father, the Son and the Hoy Spirit.) they still consider God as one. Despite the many similarities between the Abrahamic faiths, there are some differences. For instance, Judaism denies that Jesus was a prophet while Christians and Islam acknowledge Jesus as a prophet. Also, the three religions all have their own special worship days. The Muslims worship on Fridays, the Jews have their worship on Saturdays and the Christian one is on Sundays.
The Jews, the Muslims and the Christians all worship in different places and have different religious texts. The Jews worship in a place called the synagogue. In some synagogues, men and women have...
...The differences and similarities between the Eastern, Buddhism and Hinduism, and the Western, Christanity and Judiasm, religious traditions had a cultural impact on the society during 1000 B.CE. to 600 C.E.
The Easternreligions each had their own cultural impact on society. Hinduism reinforced the caste system, offering hope for an improved lifestyle. Hinduism also started the path of recarnation, the other eastern rileigion, Buddhism, also shared the concept of recarnation with Hinduism, but in a differnet perspective. One of the reasons of popularity of Buddhism was its acceptance of men and women from all ranks of society.
The Western religions also impacted society in there own way. Judaism was a monotheism religion which led the path for Christrianity. One of the reasons Christrianity became so popular, was because of its appeal to all social classes,especially the poor.
The differences between the Eastern and Western religions are that the Eastern religious believe in recarnation. Hinduism beleive that if you do good in your current life, you will have good karma and when you are reincarnated you will move up in the caste system. Buddhism has a similar concept, they believe that a seris of reincarnation would lead a faithful follower to higher levels toward the ultimate goal, nirvana, or a divine essence. The Western...
...Hinduism and AbrahamicReligions
The Comparison of
Hinduism and AbrahamicReligions
By Christa Dunwoody
Abstract
The differences between Hinduism and AbrahamicReligions are many. The primary difference of beliefs is that AbrahamicReligion believes that there is one God. Hinduism beliefs vary being Pantheistic, monotheistic and polytheistic it is one of the most complex religions of the world. In the comparison of Hinduism and AbrahamicReligion differ on their concept of God. Along with their differences on the concept of God the Hindu’s and AbrahamicReligions also differ on their concept of man’s destiny. Finally Hindu’s and AbrahamicReligions also differ on their concept of Salvation.
The Comparison of Hinduism and AbrahamicReligionsComparing the main doctrines of Hinduism to the teachings of the Abrahamicreligions I learned there are vast differences. The term Hinduism refers to the religious and social institutions of India. Concerned mainly with the religious aspects, but the religious and social are both tied together and are referred to by the term Hindu. Considering past and present beliefs and practices of Hinduism there is much variation in Hinduism as in...
...Christianity, Judaism, and Islam are all very closely unified as Abrahamicreligions because they share a multitude of common beliefs and thoughts. Hinduism, on the other hand is almost complete opposite of these religions. The extreme differences within these religions has seemed to cause problems between them throughout history. Hinduism is considered to be an Easternreligion while Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are considered Western. (Lafave,2004.)Location, leaders, religious practices, and political issues are just a few aspects that bring them to differentiating opinions.
The Abrahamicreligions have many shared ideas and thoughts in relation to life and the driving force of the universe. Jews ,Christians, & Muslims all agree upon the notion that there is only one creator of all of humanity. They are all monotheistic religions and they rely on holy scriptures as a life guided tool. The Christians use the Holy Bible, Islams refer to the Qu’ran, while Jews refer mostly to the Torah. All believe that the human body is only a temporary state and that if the soul is a deemed a good one by following God’s plan then it goes on to live eternally in heaven with Jesus or the equivalent. If the soul judged by God is unworthy, then it must live in hell with the devil. Jews, Muslims, and Christians alike all believe in a coming of the Messiah,...
...East Asian religions, also known as Taoist religions, refer to the religions and philosophies that are dominant in the Chinese, Korean, Japanese, and Vietnamese regions and any other places near them. Taoism is the root of all these religions, teaching that nature is the greatest teacher and that everything has a flow and a way. Confucianism teaches that without education and social order there can be no religion, and the act of learning is the religious experience. Buddhism taught that craving, jealously, and gluttony will only bring chaos and that good deeds will bring a good life and a good next life. China, 500 B.C.E, was quite advanced for the time, but although very advanced, war tore through the country, ruining social structure and the feudal system. During this time chaos was sweeping through the whole county when K'ung-fu-tzu or Confucianism was born. Confucius was raised in a poverty and war-stricken China. Through seeing the corrupt nature of the rich and powerful and living through challenging times, he pledged to teach peace, wisdom and social structure. Through his sadness as a child and adolescence he grew wiser and more determined. He believed that education was the building block of a good society and people would become better through learning. He went...
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
The patellofemoral joint and its implications in the rehabilitation of the knee.
The normal mechanics of patellar motion lead to an eventual age-dependent degeneration of the patellofemoral joint in the majority of persons. This review explores the relationships between normal patellar mechanics, patellofemoral joint disease, and findings of quadriceps femoris muscle-function studies. Implications of these relationships are then discussed with regard to the rehabilitation of all patients.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
Premalignant variations in extracellular matrix composition in chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats.
Chemical composition of extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a pivotal role in cellular and tissue development, regeneration, and differentiation. It also plays a key role in pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study explored premalignant changes in the liver tissue content of collagen (as hydroxyproline, HP), total glycosaminoglycans (TGAGs), free glucosamine (FGA), total sialic acid (TSA), lysosomal membrane integrity variations (calculated as total and free cathepsin D activities), and liver histology. Serum alfa-fetoprotein (AFP) level was used as an early marker for HCC in two groups of Wistar rats. One group of rats served as control and was provided normal saline orally. The other group was provided trichloroacetic acid (TCA) as 0.5 g/kg/day for five consecutive days by oral gavage. Animals were killed before tumor development. The treatment revealed dysplastic changes in addition to microsteatosis (fatty changes). Both sinusoids and the portal vein among dysplastic cells were dilated and congested. These dysplastic foci are believed to be premalignant and may be precancerous lesions. The following things were observed: a highly significant increase in serum AFP (as a key marker for HCC), a significant decrease in HP and TSA, a significant increase in FGA, nonsignificant decrease in TGAGs, significant up-regulation of free cathepsin D, nonsignificant decrease in total cathepsin D activities, and destabilization of lysosomal membrane integrity. Down-regulation of HP, TSA, and TGAGs seems to be a prerequisite for cancer development. This might be stimulated by up-regulation of free cathepsin D activity. Perhaps tissue fibrosis is not a condition for developing HCC because collagen was significantly depressed. Up-regulated FGA could be assumed to be a defense mechanism against TCA-induced proteolysis of membrane proteins because it is frequently reported to be of value in cancer chemotherapy. Studied ECM perturbations can be assumed as preliminary changes during chemical hepatocarcinogenesis at the tissue level. Prospective studies on blood levels of cathepsins, TGAGs, and individual ECM variables such as TSA, FGA, and Hp in patients at risk for HCC, performed in parallel with assessments of AFP, may provide a cost-effective way to find new links between tissue changes and circulation that would permit early prediction of disease. It may also provide a way to monitor HCC and compensate for the missed peak AFP values.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
Red T offers you the opportunity to select from our image bank or create your own bespoke art work from the originals in our collection by selecting an area of the work you particularly like and using that as the image you choose make into a print.
This gives you the easy ability to create a unique series of works across a hotel lobby, in hotel rooms, throughout your offices or serviced apartments; the options are plentiful and flexible to fit with your requirements.
We have pre selected a collection of options from each original for you. You can either order from these in a range of standard sizes to have a speedy solution or, if you don’t see what you want, we offer bespoke sizing, cropping and even colour alterations to suit your needs.
Each original work is only available to be reprinted in any manipulation a total of 100 times before we archive the original back into our collection and it is no longer available, thus reassuring you that you won’t see similar works flooding the market.
Multiples work with some of China’s most exciting artists to provide our clients with bespoke print options for their home, office or commercial project. We offer stunning art work at scale, quantity and to your individual specifications.
After years working with many great artists, it became clear that a major area where their original practice is compromised is in commercial projects. Prices for original works negotiated right down and scale increased. This coupled with an increase in demand for commercial work through development across Asia gave us the idea for Red T Multiples.
We work with artists to ensure their original works can retain value and not be compromised as we can offer clients what they need through our Multiples service.
We buy original works from artists we know and love, having already gained their consent to manipulate just these works in order to create up to 100 prints. And then we stop. This way our artists know their work is still getting into the hands of people who want it, but that everyone wins on price, scale and quantity. The artists don’t need to lower their prices or change their practice in order to get a sale and the client can get volume to any scale, quickly for cheaper.
For every sale to you, our artists also benefit through our royalty scheme.
Click to view Multiples. Be informed Multiples is a business to business service. If you’d like to purchase as an individual, please click the Private tab and we would be delighted to put you in touch with one of our lovely retail partners.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
Radiology: closing a century, opening a millennium.
As we close the file on the first century of radiology, we honor the pioneers and reflect on the progress they started. We also open a new file, not just a new century, but a new millennium of opportunity. The dramatic technologic advances in diagnostic imaging within recent decades have provided the foundation for expanding our activities in Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology. We are no longer just dental radiology; we can no longer rest on the teaching and practice of conventional dental radiography. We can summarize in one word the direction our efforts must take in opening the millennium: research. Only with research at the fundamental as well as clinical level we can continue to expand our service to the public, to our patients, and to our colleagues.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
The hidden risks and subtleties of capitation or, what you were never told when you agreed to accept capitated risk.
For your physician practice to be successful under a capitated contract, you must understand the subtleties of the arrangement that can impact the practice's level of risk exposure. This means you must know the key questions to ask when negotiating the contract and capitation amount, as well as what should be monitored to ensure the contract is implemented correctly. How the capitated rate is calculated and whether or not it appropriately covers the risk of each benefit plan the practice will be servicing will determine the financial viability of the contractual agreement. In addition, after the contract becomes effective, you should make sure that the practice is providing and billing for services consistent with its contractual obligations, and that the reimbursement received is correct based on the practice's membership mix.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
This application relates to German Application DE 109 44 325.0, filed Sep. 28, 1998, which disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.
The invention relates to a method of producing alcohols by catalytic hydrogenation of aldehydes or ketones using an Ru carrier catalyst. The catalyst to be used in accordance with the invention is deactivated to a rather slight extent and therefore has a higher service life than Ru carrier catalysts previously used for this purpose.
The conversion of aldehydes and ketones into the corresponding alcohols by catalytic hydrogenation is known. Nickel carrier catalysts or Raney nickel are frequently used as catalysts for the hydrogenation of aldehydes and ketones. A disadvantage of such catalysts is the Ni leaching, during which Ni passes in dissolved form into the liquid reaction medium. This renders the workup of the reaction mixture difficult and the leached-out Ni must be removed, e.g., burned, with other byproducts, leaving carcinogenic NiO.
In order to avoid the problems cited, carrier-bound noble-metal catalysts, especially Ru catalysts, have been used. B. J. Arena (Applied Catalysis A 87 (1992) 219-229) teaches the use of Ru catalysts on aluminum oxide for the hydrogenation of glucose to sorbitol. A disadvantage of this catalyst is the short effective service life caused by deactivation. During the deactivation of Ruxe2x80x94Al2O3 not only deactivating components such as iron, sulfur and gluconic acid are deposited on the catalyst but at the same time the properties of the Ru carrier and of the Al2O3 carrier change, which manifest themselves in, among other things, an agglomeration of the Ru and a reduction of the BET surface of the Al2O3. In order to reduce the deactivation, additional purification measures of the feed materials and/or frequent regeneration of the catalyst are necessary, which renders the method more complicated and/or less economical.
According to xe2x80x9cCarbohydrates as Organic Raw Materials IIIxe2x80x9d, ed. by H. van Bekkum et al. (1996) 52-54 sorbitol can be obtained from polysaccharides such as starch, during which the hydrolysis of the polysaccharide and the hydrogenation of the released glucose take place at the same time by hydrogenation in the presence of an Ru carrier catalyst with H-USY zeolite as carrier. The carrier acts as acid catalyst. According to this document similar results are achieved if a combination of 5% Ru on activated carbon as hydrogenation catalyst and zeolite-ZSM 5 as acid catalyst is used. No indications about the effective service life of the catalyst can be gathered from this document.
According to U.S. Pat. No. 4,933,473 hydroxypivalaldehyde or its dimer can be converted by catalytic hydrogenation into neopentylglycol. A combination of platinum, ruthenium and tungsten in a certain amount ratio serves as catalyst. This catalytically active metal combination can also be used on a carrier from the series of SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, TiO2, ZrO2, zeolites, carbon, silicon carbide and diatomaceous earth. The selectivity is the highest when Pt/Ru/W-activated carbon is used and drops off sharply in the series Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2 as carrier. Neither the examples nor reference examples concern the use of a catalyst on the basis of Ru as the sole noble metal on an oxide carrier.
As was determined by the inventors of this application, the conversion and selectivity and especially the catalytic service life are insufficient in many instances when using Ru activated carbon in the generic hydrogenation. Reference has already been made to the problems which result when Ruxe2x80x94Al2O3 is used.
Accordingly, the present invention solves the problem by making available an improved method for the catalytic hydrogenation of aldehydes and ketones to the corresponding alcohols. The improvement is directed to the raising of the service life of the carrier-bound Ru catalyst to be used.
A method of producing an alcohol by the catalytic hydrogenation of the corresponding aldehyde, except 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, or ketone in aqueous or organic solution at a temperature of 20xc2x0 to 200xc2x0 C. and an H2 pressure of 0.5 to 30 MPa using a carrier-bound ruthenium catalyst was found which is characterized in that ruthenium on an oxide carrier selected from the group TiO2, SiO2, ZrO2, MgO, mixed oxides thereof and silicates thereof, except zeolites, with a ruthenium content of 0.1 to 20% by weight is used as catalyst.
The advantageous use of a ruthenium catalyst with the oxide carrier materials has already been recognized in the method of producing 1,3-propane diol from 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde according to the not yet published DE patent application 197 37 190.6. However, the use of these catalysts is not limited, as has now been found, to the hydrogenation of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde. The disclosure of DE patent application 197 37 190.6 is therefore incorporated by reference to its full extent in the disclosure of the present application.
Ruthenium catalysts on oxide carriers to be used in accordance with the invention are described, e.g., in xe2x80x9cCatalyst Supports and Supported Catalystsxe2x80x9d by Alvin B. Stiles, Butterworth 1987, chapters 2 and 3. The coating of the oxide carrier can take place especially advantageously by means of the xe2x80x9cincipient wetness method xe2x80x9dxe2x80x94see xe2x80x9cPreparation of Catalystxe2x80x9d ed. By B. Delmon, P. A. Jacobs, G. Poncald, Amsterdam Elsevier 1976, page 13.
The water absorption capacity of the carrier is determined for this. Thereafter, an aqueous ruthenium chloride solution with a concentration corresponding to the ruthenium coating to be formed is produced. The carrier is charged with aqueous ruthenium chloride in accordance with the water absorption capacity. The charged carrier is subsequently dried, preferably at 20xc2x0 to 100xc2x0 C., at normal pressure in an atmosphere of inert gas such as neon, helium, argon or air, reduced with hydrogen at a temperature of preferably 100xc2x0 to 500xc2x0 C. for 20 min to 24 hrs using a gaseous mixture of H2/N2 containing 1 to 100% by volume hydrogen, and washed free of chlorine, if necessary, preferably to a chlorine content of less than 100 ppm Clxe2x88x92.
According to a preferred embodiment the carrier is based on titanium dioxide or silicon dioxide. A pyrogenically produced TiO2, especially a TiO2 produced by flame hydrolysis, is preferably used as the carrier.
For example, a pyrogenic titanium dioxide obtained by flame hydrolysis from titanium tetrachloride with a BET surface of 40 to 60 m2/g and a total pore volume of 0.25 to 0.75 ml/g can be used as the carrier. This carrier may have an average size of the primary particles of 20 nm, a density of 3.7 g/cm3 and an X-ray structure of 20 to 40% rutile and 80 to 60% anatase and with impurities of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and iron oxide that are below 0.5% by weight. Pyrogenic titanium oxide-like material, for example, P25 produced by Degussa-Hxc3xcls AG, is especially suitable as a carrier for the catalytically active component. This carrier has a high specific surface with a BET of on the average 50 m2/g (measured according to DIN 66131).
The Ru coating of the carrier is in a range of 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight and especially preferably 1 to 5% by weight.
The hydrogenation can be carried out in a customary manner, either discontinuously or continuously. The catalyst can be suspended thereby in the liquid reaction medium. Alternatively, the catalyst is used in the form of molded bodies such as pellets, granulates, spheres, extruded blanks and arranged in a reactor as a fixed bed. This fixed-bed reactor can be operated in a flooded state as a bubble reactor but is preferably operated as a trickle-bed reactor.
One skilled in the art will adapt the conditions of pressure and temperature to the substrate to be hydrogenated. It is an advantage of the catalysts to be used in accordance with the invention that their high activity makes mild reaction conditions possible in general, such as 20xc2x0 to 100xc2x0 C. and 1 to 10 MPa, especially 2 to 5 MPa H2 pressure.
The aldehydes and ketones to be hydrogenated can have any structure, such as, aliphatic, aromatic, heteroaromatic, aliphatic-aromatic or aliphatic-heteroaromatic. They can also contain other functional groups, and it should be determined beforehand whether these functional groups should remain unchanged or should be hydrogenated themselves. According to a preferred embodiment, carbohydrates and other carbonyl compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups are converted into polyols.
The aldehyde or ketone substrate can be hydrogenated per se, if it is liquid, or can be hydrogenated dissolved in a solvent. Solvents can be organic or aqueous or represent mixtures. Water is especially preferred as a solvent, to which organic solutizers can be added as needed.
It is known that acetals and ketals can be produced in the reduction of aldehydes and ketones. In order to split these byproducts in situ and convert them completely into the desired alcohol it is purposeful to carry out the hydrogenation in the presence of an acidic catalyst. This acidic catalyst can be dissolvedxe2x80x94e.g., in the case of a mineral acidxe2x80x94or be present undissolved as solid acid. At an elevated reaction temperature the preferred carriers, SiO2 and TiO2, act themselves as acids.
The ruthenium catalysts bound to oxide carriers in accordance with the invention have a surprisingly long service life since they deactivate much more slowly than previously used, carrier-bound Ru catalysts. This improves the economy of the method since the activity remains preserved for a long time and non-productivity time periods for catalytic regeneration are minimized. The space-time yield is thus increased.
The following examples and reference examples illustrate the invention.
The catalysts were tested under stationary conditions in order to also be able to determine the long-term behavior. The hydrogenation was carried out continuously in a trickle-bed system with 140 ml reactor volume. The system comprised a liquid receiver, the reactor and a liquid separator. The reaction temperature was adjusted via a heat-carrier circuit. Pressure and hydrogen current were regulated electronically. The aqueous solution of the substrate (aldehyde or ketone) was charged to the hydrogen current with a pump and the mixture put onto the head of the reactor (trickle-bed method of operation). After having passed through the reactor the product formed was removed at regular intervals from the separator. The concentration of the aldehyde or ketone in the educt solution, the temperature, H2 pressure and the liquid charging LHSV 1 hxe2x88x921 can be gathered from the following examples. The results of the tests are collated in tables 1 and 2.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
|
La philosophie est bien plus qu'une discipline. Son but est de transformer la connaissance en art de vivre en considérant comme digne d'intérêt et de réflexion l'existence dans tous ses recoins.
La philosophie est bien plus qu'une discipline. Son but est de transformer la connaissance en art de vivre en considérant comme digne d'intérêt et de réflexion l'existence dans tous ses recoins. Littérature, vie quotidienne, cinéma, musique, actualité, expérience personnelle : la philosophie ne connait ni contraintes, ni limites. Elle vise à transmettre le goût pour les questions plus qu'à délivrer une connaissance. C'est pourquoi elle ne s'arrête jamais, c'est pourquoi, plus que jamais, les Chemins continuent.
Et tous les vendredis, Adèle Van Reeth donne la parole à ceux qui réconcilient philosophie et actualité. Tables rondes autour des nouvelles parutions, analyses d'enjeux politiques, masterclass avec un philosophe au parcours singulier, et réflexion philosophique à partir d'un film ou d'un roman contemporain.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
|
Gov. Rick Scott said Thursday that his administration won't appeal a federal court ruling that the state illegally tried to purge the voter rolls of suspected noncitizens too close to the 2012 presidential election.
The announcement was a victory for the League of Women Voters and other voter advocacy organizations that accused Scott of seeking to disenfranchise minority voters who likely were inclined to support President Barack Obama.
"Our goal continues to be 100 percent participation by eligible voters and zero percent fraud," Scott's office said in a news release. "Florida voters deserve an election system they can be proud of."
A three-judge panel of the 11th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Atlanta ruled last April that the Scott-controlled elections apparatus in the Florida Department of State sought to identify and remove noncitizens from the voter rolls in advance of the 2012 election. Federal law bars states from "systematic" removals of voters less than 90 days before a federal primary or general election.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
|
Post-Impressionism
Post-Impressionism (also spelled Postimpressionism) is a predominantly French art movement that developed roughly between 1886 and 1905, from the last Impressionist exhibition to the birth of Fauvism. Post-Impressionism emerged as a reaction against Impressionists' concern for the naturalistic depiction of light and colour. Due to its broad emphasis on abstract qualities or symbolic content, Post-Impressionism encompasses Les Nabis Neo-Impressionism, Symbolism, Cloisonnism, Pont-Aven School, and Synthetism, along with some later Impressionists' work. The movement was led by Paul Cézanne (known as father of Post-impressionism), Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh, and Georges Seurat.
The term Post-Impressionism was first used by art critic Roger Fry in 1906. Critic Frank Rutter in a review of the Salon d'Automne published in Art News, 15 October 1910, described Othon Friesz as a "post-impressionist leader"; there was also an advert for the show The Post-Impressionists of France. Three weeks later, Roger Fry used the term again when he organized the 1910 exhibition, Manet and the Post-Impressionists, defining it as the development of French art since Manet.
Post-Impressionists extended Impressionism while rejecting its limitations: they continued using vivid colours, often thick application of paint, and real-life subject matter, but were more inclined to emphasize geometric forms, distort form for expressive effect, and use unnatural or arbitrary colour.
Overview
The Post-Impressionists were dissatisfied with what they felt was the triviality of subject matter and the loss of structure in Impressionist paintings, though they did not agree on the way forward. Georges Seurat and his followers concerned themselves with Pointillism, the systematic use of tiny dots of colour. Paul Cézanne set out to restore a sense of order and structure to painting, to "make of Impressionism something solid and durable, like the art of the museums". He achieved this by reducing objects to their basic shapes while retaining the saturated colours of Impressionism. The Impressionist Camille Pissarro experimented with Neo-Impressionist ideas between the mid-1880s and the early 1890s. Discontented with what he referred to as romantic Impressionism, he investigated Pointillism, which he called scientific Impressionism, before returning to a purer Impressionism in the last decade of his life. Vincent van Gogh used colour and vibrant swirling brush strokes to convey his feelings and his state of mind.
Although they often exhibited together, Post-Impressionist artists were not in agreement concerning a cohesive movement. Yet, the abstract concerns of harmony and structural arrangement, in the work of all these artists, took precedence over naturalism. Artists such as Seurat adopted a meticulously scientific approach to colour and composition.
Younger painters during the early 20th century worked in geographically disparate regions and in various stylistic categories, such as Fauvism and Cubism, breaking from Post-Impressionism.
Defining Post-Impressionism
The term was used in 1906, and again in 1910 by Roger Fry in the title of an exhibition of modern French painters: Manet and the Post-Impressionists, organized by Fry for the Grafton Galleries in London. Three weeks before Fry's show, art critic Frank Rutter had put the term Post-Impressionist in print in Art News of 15 October 1910, during a review of the Salon d'Automne, where he described Othon Friesz as a "post-impressionist leader"; there was also an advert in the journal for the show The Post-Impressionists of France.
Most of the artists in Fry's exhibition were younger than the Impressionists. Fry later explained: "For purposes of convenience, it was necessary to give these artists a name, and I chose, as being the vaguest and most non-committal, the name of Post-Impressionism. This merely stated their position in time relatively to the Impressionist movement." John Rewald limited the scope to the years between 1886 and 1892 in his pioneering publication on Post-Impressionism: From Van Gogh to Gauguin (1956). Rewald considered this a continuation of his 1946 study, History of Impressionism, and pointed out that a "subsequent volume dedicated to the second half of the post-impressionist period": Post-Impressionism: From Gauguin to Matisse, was to follow. This volume would extend the period covered to other artistic movements derived from Impressionism, though confined to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Rewald focused on such outstanding early Post-Impressionists active in France as van Gogh, Gauguin, Seurat, and Redon. He explored their relationships as well as the artistic circles they frequented (or were in opposition to), including:
Neo-Impressionism: ridiculed by contemporary art critics as well as artists as Pointillism; Seurat and Signac would have preferred other terms: Divisionism for example
Cloisonnism: a short-lived term introduced in 1888 by the art critic Édouard Dujardin, was to promote the work of Louis Anquetin, and was later also applied to contemporary works of his friend Émile Bernard
Synthetism: another short-lived term coined in 1889 to distinguish recent works of Gauguin and Bernard from that of more traditional Impressionists exhibiting with them at the Café Volpini.
Pont-Aven School: implying little more than that the artists involved had been working for a while in Pont-Aven or elsewhere in Brittany.
Symbolism: a term highly welcomed by vanguard critics in 1891, when Gauguin dropped Synthetism as soon as he was acclaimed to be the leader of Symbolism in painting.
Furthermore, in his introduction to Post-Impressionism, Rewald opted for a second volume featuring Toulouse-Lautrec, Henri Rousseau "le Douanier", Les Nabis and Cézanne as well as the Fauves, the young Picasso and Gauguin's last trip to the South Seas; it was to expand the period covered at least into the first decade of the 20th century—yet this second volume remained unfinished.
Reviews and adjustments
Rewald wrote that "the term 'Post-Impressionism' is not a very precise one, though a very convenient one." Convenient, when the term is by definition limited to French visual arts derived from Impressionism since 1886. Rewald's approach to historical data was narrative rather than analytic, and beyond this point he believed it would be sufficient to "let the sources speak for themselves."
Rival terms like Modernism or Symbolism were never as easy to handle, for they covered literature, architecture and other arts as well, and they expanded to other countries.
Modernism, thus, is now considered to be the central movement within international western civilization with its original roots in France, going back beyond the French Revolution to the Age of Enlightenment.
Symbolism, however, is considered to be a concept which emerged a century later in France, and implied an individual approach. Local national traditions as well as individual settings therefore could stand side by side, and from the very beginning a broad variety of artists practicing some kind of symbolic imagery, ranged between extreme positions: The Nabis for example united to find synthesis of tradition and brand new form, while others kept to traditional, more or less academic forms, when they were looking for fresh contents: Symbolism is therefore often linked to fantastic, esoteric, erotic and other non-realist subject matter.
To meet the recent discussion, the connotations of the term 'Post-Impressionism' were challenged again: Alan Bowness and his collaborators expanded the period covered forward to 1914 and the beginning of World War I, but limited their approach widely on the 1890s to France. Other European countries are pushed back to standard connotations, and Eastern Europe is completely excluded.
So, while a split may be seen between classical 'Impressionism' and 'Post-Impressionism' in 1886, the end and the extent of 'Post-Impressionism' remains under discussion. For Bowness and his contributors as well as for Rewald, 'Cubism' was an absolutely fresh start, and so Cubism has been seen in France since the beginning, and later in Anglosaxonia. Meanwhile, Eastern European artists, however, did not care so much for western traditions, and proceeded to manners of painting called abstract and suprematic—terms expanding far into the 20th century.
According to the present state of discussion, Post-Impressionism is a term best used within Rewald's definition in a strictly historical manner, concentrating on French art between 1886 and 1914, and re-considering the altered positions of impressionist painters like Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Auguste Renoir, and others—as well as all new schools and movements at the turn of the century: from Cloisonnism to Cubism. The declarations of war, in July/August 1914, indicate probably far more than the beginning of a World War—they signal a major break in European cultural history, too.
Along with general art history information given about "Post-Impressionism" works, there are many museums that offer additional history, information and gallery works, both online and in house, that can help viewers understand a deeper meaning of "Post-Impressionism" in terms of fine art and traditional art applications.
Gallery of major Post-Impressionist artists
See also
Art periods
Cubism
Kapists
Neo-impressionism
Expressionism
References and sources
References
Sources
Bowness, Alan, et alt.: Post-Impressionism. Cross-Currents in European Painting, Royal Academy of Arts & Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London 1979
Further reading
Manet and the Post-Impressionists (exh. cat. by R. Fry and D. MacCarthy, London, Grafton Gals, 1910–11)
The Second Post-Impressionist Exhibition (exh. cat. by R. Fry, London, Grafton Gals, 1912)
J. Rewald. Post-Impressionism: From Van Gogh to Gauguin (New York, 1956, rev. 3/1978)
F. Elgar. The Post-Impressionists (Oxford, 1977)
Post-Impressionism: Cross-currents in European Painting (exh. cat., ed. J. House and M. A. Stevens; London, RA, 1979–80)
B. Thomson. The Post-Impressionists (Oxford and New York, 1983, rev. 2/1990)
J. Rewald. Studies in Post-Impressionism (London, 1986)
Beyond Impressionism, exhibit at Columbus Museum of Art, October 21, 2017 – January 21, 2018 http://www.columbusmuseum.org/beyond-impressionism
External links
"Post-Impressionists", Walter Sickert's review in The Fortnightly Review of the "Manet and the Post-Impressionists" exhibition at the Grafton Galleries
"Post-Impressionism", Roger Fry's lecture on the closing of the "Manet and the Post-Impressionists" exhibition at the Grafton Galleries, as published in The Fortnightly Review
Georges Seurat, 1859-1891, a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Toulouse-Lautrec in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art
"Roger Fry, Walter Sickert and Post-Impressionism at the Grafton Galleries", a reflection by Prof. Marnin Young on the 1910-1911 exhibition
Category:Post-Impressionism
Category:Modernism
Category:Art movements
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
}
|
Most people are familiar with the term Information Technology (IT), which covers the spectrum of technologies for information processing, including software, hardware, communications technologies and related services. Operation Technology (OT) is a relatively newer term that refers to hardware and software that detects or causes a change through the direct monitoring and/or control of physical devices, processes and events in the enterprise. For example, OT networks interconnect industrial control systems such as programmable logic controllers, supervisory control and data acquisition systems, distributed control systems, process control domains, safety instrumented systems, and building management and automation systems.
As many organizations are discovering, the Industrial Internet is a huge new opportunity for growth and efficiency. To realize this value, OT environments need to be connected. With production systems becoming more interconnected, the exposure to cyber incidents increases. Attacks and disruptions on critical infrastructure put reputation, production, people, and profits at risk.
Traditionally, OT networks have operated separately from IT networks. For example, OT networks utilized proprietary protocols optimized for the required functions, some of which have become adopted as ‘standard’ industrial communications protocols (e.g., DNP3, Modbus, Profibus, RTU, CANBUS, HART, DeviceNet). More recently, IT-standard network protocols are being implemented in OT devices and systems to reduce complexity and increase compatibility with more traditional IT hardware (e.g., TCP/IP). This has led to a demonstrable reduction in security for OT systems.
Network security systems are designed to protect critical infrastructure, control systems and OT assets. Network security systems provide protection from cyber threats and vulnerabilities in OT environments by monitoring and blocking malicious activity and misconfiguration to promote OT safety and protect productivity. While effective, configuring a network security system is a difficult and time intensive manual task. For example, a network administrator is often tasked with manually generating whitelist policies that identify commands that should be allowed within the network. This requires the network administrator to analyze the software services running on the devices in the network and determine the commands that are likely to be transmitted to provide the software services. Accordingly, improvements are needed.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
|
After being widely criticized for mocking members of a student group that wanted nothing more but to meet with her, Minnesota Rep. Mary Franson (R) responded with a private Facebook post suggesting she was worried about becoming the next Roy Moore.
“A man’s life was destroyed in AL,” Franson wrote, alluding to Moore. “40 years ago he met with minors alone and they recently accused him of horrendous actions. In the world of we must believe every sexual harassment claim, I would think my approach is beyond reasonable. All it takes is one perceived action and my life is destroyed. The life of my family is destroyed. That is a risk I will not take.”
CREDIT: SCREENGRAB
Moore, of course, allegedly did much more that just “meet” with minors. At least six women have accused Moore of sexual misconduct, including child molestation and sexual assault.
Jack Ballou, the 17-year-old founder of the student group Franson refused to meet with — Alexandria Area High School (AAHS) Democrats — has been blocked by Franson. Told of her Facebook post, Ballou told ThinkProgress that he’s “shocked.”
“If any of what she said was true, she could have just told us initially that she doesn’t meet with minors,” Ballou said. “I’m also so confused how she started defending Roy Moore… last year I met with Mary through the student page program, one on one at her office. She had no issue then.”
Instead of setting her up for a sexual assault, Ballou said he and other members of AAHS Democrats merely wanted to meet with Franson to discuss issues of concerns to students, such as student debt. In her Facebook post, Franson acknowledged their concerns, but suggested they’d be best off turning to their families members for help — like she did — instead of asking elected officials.
“If it wasn’t for my Great Uncle (constituent of mine) vouching and writing letter [sic] of my independent status, I may not have been able to attend [college],” Franson wrote. “I had to work my way through college. So yes, I understand the struggle because I lived it.”
Franson also accused AAHS Democrats of setting up “an ambush or set up,” and compares the student group with Antifa.
CREDIT: SCREENGRAB
Franson’s refusal to meet with the students was covered on Monday night by the Fox affiliate in the Twin Cities. In an interview with the TV station, Franson claimed that “this has absolutely nothing to do with me not wanting to meet with Democrats — it has everything to do with the fact that we all have to be careful in today’s world.”
But Franson’s damage control is belied by her Twitter exchange with AAHS Democrats. In it, she dismissed the students as “a partisan group” and wrote, “It’s not a Legislator’s duty to meet with a ‘proudly’ partisan democrat group. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯”
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
|
CB1 cannabinoid receptor antagonism: a new strategy for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Hepatic fibrosis, the common response associated with chronic liver diseases, ultimately leads to cirrhosis, a major public health problem worldwide. We recently showed that activation of hepatic cannabinoid CB2 receptors limits progression of experimental liver fibrosis. We also found that during the course of chronic hepatitis C, daily cannabis use is an independent predictor of fibrosis progression. Overall, these results suggest that endocannabinoids may drive both CB2-mediated antifibrogenic effects and CB2-independent profibrogenic effects. Here we investigated whether activation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors (encoded by Cnr1) promotes progression of fibrosis. CB1 receptors were highly induced in human cirrhotic samples and in liver fibrogenic cells. Treatment with the CB1 receptor antagonist SR141716A decreased the wound-healing response to acute liver injury and inhibited progression of fibrosis in three models of chronic liver injury. We saw similar changes in Cnr1-/- mice as compared to wild-type mice. Genetic or pharmacological inactivation of CB1 receptors decreased fibrogenesis by lowering hepatic transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 and reducing accumulation of fibrogenic cells in the liver after apoptosis and growth inhibition of hepatic myofibroblasts. In conclusion, our study shows that CB1 receptor antagonists hold promise for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
Conventional high efficiency feed horns are very useful as elements in phased array antenna and also as feed elements in a multi-beam reflector, in satellite communication systems. A multiple beam reflector has several feed elements that are used for receiving and transmitting multiple beams. Feed horn size is restricted because of the number of feed elements and required beam spacing. A phased array antenna with high efficiency feed horn elements requires 20% less elements, for a desired gain requirement, than that of corrugated feed horns or potter horns that usually have aperture efficiencies of about 70%. The reduction in feed horn elements reduces manufacturing costs, size, and weight of the phased array antenna.
A low efficiency feed horn yields less amplitude taper to a reflector edge for a given feed horn aperture size, which causes high side lobes and spill over loss. High side lobes are not desirable as they cause signal interference between beams. A conventional high efficiency feed horn minimizes spillover loss and interference problems due to its improved edge taper.
Corrugated horns have a disadvantage of a rim, which reduces usable aperture in cases where horn size is limited as with multi-beam antenna. The traditional corrugated horns are therefore not suitable for multi-beam antenna. Antenna packaging is a large driver in designing of multi-spot beam antennas.
Although the high efficiency horns are useful for many applications, they suffer from a limited bandwidth problem. The bandwidth of such feed horns is generally less than 10%. Therefore, separate transmit and receive antennas are required which take up more space and increase costs. Two different phased arrays are used in a phased array antenna, one for a transmitting band and one for a receiving band.
Since feed horn bandwidth decreases as aperture size increases, traditional reflector antennas must limit the horn size. This forces the main reflector aperture to be large in order to minimize spillover loss. Also, large focal lengths are needed to improve scanning performance, which further drives the reflector size to be large.
The above-described problems associated with traditional feed horns result in a trade-off between generally three alternatives; using two single band feed horns, using a dual band feed horn that is large in size relative to single band feed horns, or using a smaller sized dual band feed horn that suffers from interference problems and large spillover loss, which results in poor efficiency.
Additionally, all of the above mentioned feed horns also propagate both transverse electric (TE) modes and transverse magnetic (TM) modes. The propagation of both TE and TM modes further reduces the efficiency of a feed horn.
Therefore, it would be desirable to provide an improved feed horn design that supports dual bands, is smaller in size relative to conventional dual band feed horns, and operates at efficiency levels at least as high as that of conventional high efficiency feed horns with good cross-polarization level.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
|
The Vegas Golden Knights are riding a historic run to the Stanley Cup Final. How impressive is the expansion team's season? Watch above to see how the Golden Knights are setting records in their inaugural campaign...
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
Lupton, Cumbria
Lupton is a linear village and civil parish in the South Lakeland district of Cumbria, England, along the main A65 road north west of Kirkby Lonsdale, from the village of Hutton Roof. The parish had a population of 162 at the 2011 Census.
As well as All Saints Church, the village has a public house, the Plough. Lupton Tower is an 18th-century house now used as a corporate head office.
See also
Listed buildings in Lupton, Cumbria
References
External links
Category:Villages in Cumbria
Category:Civil parishes in Cumbria
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
}
|
# Copyright 2020 The TensorFlow Authors. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ==============================================================================
"""Functions to generate bidirectional feature pyramids based on image features.
Provides bidirectional feature pyramid network (BiFPN) generators that can be
used to build object detection feature extractors, as proposed by Tan et al.
See https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.09070 for more details.
"""
import collections
import functools
from six.moves import range
from six.moves import zip
import tensorflow as tf
from object_detection.utils import bifpn_utils
def _create_bifpn_input_config(fpn_min_level,
fpn_max_level,
input_max_level,
level_scales=None):
"""Creates a BiFPN input config for the input levels from a backbone network.
Args:
fpn_min_level: the minimum pyramid level (highest feature map resolution) to
use in the BiFPN.
fpn_max_level: the maximum pyramid level (lowest feature map resolution) to
use in the BiFPN.
input_max_level: the maximum pyramid level that will be provided as input to
the BiFPN. Accordingly, the BiFPN will compute additional pyramid levels
from input_max_level, up to the desired fpn_max_level.
level_scales: a list of pyramid level scale factors. If 'None', each level's
scale is set to 2^level by default, which corresponds to each successive
feature map scaling by a factor of 2.
Returns:
A list of dictionaries for each feature map expected as input to the BiFPN,
where each has entries for the feature map 'name' and 'scale'.
"""
if not level_scales:
level_scales = [2**i for i in range(fpn_min_level, fpn_max_level + 1)]
bifpn_input_params = []
for i in range(fpn_min_level, min(fpn_max_level, input_max_level) + 1):
bifpn_input_params.append({
'name': '0_up_lvl_{}'.format(i),
'scale': level_scales[i - fpn_min_level]
})
return bifpn_input_params
def _get_bifpn_output_node_names(fpn_min_level, fpn_max_level, node_config):
"""Returns a list of BiFPN output node names, given a BiFPN node config.
Args:
fpn_min_level: the minimum pyramid level (highest feature map resolution)
used by the BiFPN.
fpn_max_level: the maximum pyramid level (lowest feature map resolution)
used by the BiFPN.
node_config: the BiFPN node_config, a list of dictionaries corresponding to
each node in the BiFPN computation graph, where each entry should have an
associated 'name'.
Returns:
A list of strings corresponding to the names of the output BiFPN nodes.
"""
num_output_nodes = fpn_max_level - fpn_min_level + 1
return [node['name'] for node in node_config[-num_output_nodes:]]
def _create_bifpn_node_config(bifpn_num_iterations,
bifpn_num_filters,
fpn_min_level,
fpn_max_level,
input_max_level,
bifpn_node_params=None,
level_scales=None):
"""Creates a config specifying a bidirectional feature pyramid network.
Args:
bifpn_num_iterations: the number of top-down bottom-up feature computations
to repeat in the BiFPN.
bifpn_num_filters: the number of filters (channels) for every feature map
used in the BiFPN.
fpn_min_level: the minimum pyramid level (highest feature map resolution) to
use in the BiFPN.
fpn_max_level: the maximum pyramid level (lowest feature map resolution) to
use in the BiFPN.
input_max_level: the maximum pyramid level that will be provided as input to
the BiFPN. Accordingly, the BiFPN will compute additional pyramid levels
from input_max_level, up to the desired fpn_max_level.
bifpn_node_params: If not 'None', a dictionary of additional default BiFPN
node parameters that will be applied to all BiFPN nodes.
level_scales: a list of pyramid level scale factors. If 'None', each level's
scale is set to 2^level by default, which corresponds to each successive
feature map scaling by a factor of 2.
Returns:
A list of dictionaries used to define nodes in the BiFPN computation graph,
as proposed by EfficientDet, Tan et al (https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.09070).
Each node's entry has the corresponding keys:
name: String. The name of this node in the BiFPN. The node name follows
the format '{bifpn_iteration}_{dn|up}_lvl_{pyramid_level}', where 'dn'
or 'up' refers to whether the node is in the top-down or bottom-up
portion of a single BiFPN iteration.
scale: the scale factor for this node, by default 2^level.
inputs: A list of names of nodes which are inputs to this node.
num_channels: The number of channels for this node.
combine_method: String. Name of the method used to combine input
node feature maps, 'fast_attention' by default for nodes which have more
than one input. Otherwise, 'None' for nodes with only one input node.
input_op: A (partial) function which is called to construct the layers
that will be applied to this BiFPN node's inputs. This function is
called with the arguments:
input_op(name, input_scale, input_num_channels, output_scale,
output_num_channels, conv_hyperparams, is_training,
freeze_batchnorm)
post_combine_op: A (partial) function which is called to construct the
layers that will be applied to the result of the combine operation for
this BiFPN node. This function will be called with the arguments:
post_combine_op(name, conv_hyperparams, is_training, freeze_batchnorm)
If 'None', then no layers will be applied after the combine operation
for this node.
"""
if not level_scales:
level_scales = [2**i for i in range(fpn_min_level, fpn_max_level + 1)]
default_node_params = {
'num_channels':
bifpn_num_filters,
'combine_method':
'fast_attention',
'input_op':
functools.partial(
_create_bifpn_resample_block, downsample_method='max_pooling'),
'post_combine_op':
functools.partial(
bifpn_utils.create_conv_block,
num_filters=bifpn_num_filters,
kernel_size=3,
strides=1,
padding='SAME',
use_separable=True,
apply_batchnorm=True,
apply_activation=True,
conv_bn_act_pattern=False),
}
if bifpn_node_params:
default_node_params.update(bifpn_node_params)
bifpn_node_params = []
# Create additional base pyramid levels not provided as input to the BiFPN.
# Note, combine_method and post_combine_op are set to None for additional
# base pyramid levels because they do not combine multiple input BiFPN nodes.
for i in range(input_max_level + 1, fpn_max_level + 1):
node_params = dict(default_node_params)
node_params.update({
'name': '0_up_lvl_{}'.format(i),
'scale': level_scales[i - fpn_min_level],
'inputs': ['0_up_lvl_{}'.format(i - 1)],
'combine_method': None,
'post_combine_op': None,
})
bifpn_node_params.append(node_params)
for i in range(bifpn_num_iterations):
# The first bottom-up feature pyramid (which includes the input pyramid
# levels from the backbone network and the additional base pyramid levels)
# is indexed at 0. So, the first top-down bottom-up pass of the BiFPN is
# indexed from 1, and repeated for bifpn_num_iterations iterations.
bifpn_i = i + 1
# Create top-down nodes.
for level_i in reversed(range(fpn_min_level, fpn_max_level)):
inputs = []
# BiFPN nodes in the top-down pass receive input from the corresponding
# level from the previous BiFPN iteration's bottom-up pass, except for the
# bottom-most (min) level node, which is computed once in the initial
# bottom-up pass, and is afterwards only computed in each top-down pass.
if level_i > fpn_min_level or bifpn_i == 1:
inputs.append('{}_up_lvl_{}'.format(bifpn_i - 1, level_i))
else:
inputs.append('{}_dn_lvl_{}'.format(bifpn_i - 1, level_i))
inputs.append(bifpn_node_params[-1]['name'])
node_params = dict(default_node_params)
node_params.update({
'name': '{}_dn_lvl_{}'.format(bifpn_i, level_i),
'scale': level_scales[level_i - fpn_min_level],
'inputs': inputs
})
bifpn_node_params.append(node_params)
# Create bottom-up nodes.
for level_i in range(fpn_min_level + 1, fpn_max_level + 1):
# BiFPN nodes in the bottom-up pass receive input from the corresponding
# level from the preceding top-down pass, except for the top (max) level
# which does not have a corresponding node in the top-down pass.
inputs = ['{}_up_lvl_{}'.format(bifpn_i - 1, level_i)]
if level_i < fpn_max_level:
inputs.append('{}_dn_lvl_{}'.format(bifpn_i, level_i))
inputs.append(bifpn_node_params[-1]['name'])
node_params = dict(default_node_params)
node_params.update({
'name': '{}_up_lvl_{}'.format(bifpn_i, level_i),
'scale': level_scales[level_i - fpn_min_level],
'inputs': inputs
})
bifpn_node_params.append(node_params)
return bifpn_node_params
def _create_bifpn_resample_block(name,
input_scale,
input_num_channels,
output_scale,
output_num_channels,
conv_hyperparams,
is_training,
freeze_batchnorm,
downsample_method=None,
use_native_resize_op=False,
maybe_apply_1x1_conv=True,
apply_1x1_pre_sampling=True,
apply_1x1_post_sampling=False):
"""Creates resample block layers for input feature maps to BiFPN nodes.
Args:
name: String. Name used for this block of layers.
input_scale: Scale factor of the input feature map.
input_num_channels: Number of channels in the input feature map.
output_scale: Scale factor of the output feature map.
output_num_channels: Number of channels in the output feature map.
conv_hyperparams: A `hyperparams_builder.KerasLayerHyperparams` object
containing hyperparameters for convolution ops.
is_training: Indicates whether the feature generator is in training mode.
freeze_batchnorm: Bool. Whether to freeze batch norm parameters during
training or not. When training with a small batch size (e.g. 1), it is
desirable to freeze batch norm update and use pretrained batch norm
params.
downsample_method: String. Method to use when downsampling feature maps.
use_native_resize_op: Bool. Whether to use the native resize up when
upsampling feature maps.
maybe_apply_1x1_conv: Bool. If 'True', a 1x1 convolution will only be
applied if the input_num_channels differs from the output_num_channels.
apply_1x1_pre_sampling: Bool. Whether a 1x1 convolution will be applied to
the input feature map before the up/down-sampling operation.
apply_1x1_post_sampling: Bool. Whether a 1x1 convolution will be applied to
the input feature map after the up/down-sampling operation.
Returns:
A list of layers which may be applied to the input feature maps in order to
compute feature maps with the specified scale and number of channels.
"""
# By default, 1x1 convolutions are only applied before sampling when the
# number of input and output channels differ.
if maybe_apply_1x1_conv and output_num_channels == input_num_channels:
apply_1x1_pre_sampling = False
apply_1x1_post_sampling = False
apply_bn_for_resampling = True
layers = []
if apply_1x1_pre_sampling:
layers.extend(
bifpn_utils.create_conv_block(
name=name + '1x1_pre_sample/',
num_filters=output_num_channels,
kernel_size=1,
strides=1,
padding='SAME',
use_separable=False,
apply_batchnorm=apply_bn_for_resampling,
apply_activation=False,
conv_hyperparams=conv_hyperparams,
is_training=is_training,
freeze_batchnorm=freeze_batchnorm))
layers.extend(
bifpn_utils.create_resample_feature_map_ops(input_scale, output_scale,
downsample_method,
use_native_resize_op,
conv_hyperparams, is_training,
freeze_batchnorm, name))
if apply_1x1_post_sampling:
layers.extend(
bifpn_utils.create_conv_block(
name=name + '1x1_post_sample/',
num_filters=output_num_channels,
kernel_size=1,
strides=1,
padding='SAME',
use_separable=False,
apply_batchnorm=apply_bn_for_resampling,
apply_activation=False,
conv_hyperparams=conv_hyperparams,
is_training=is_training,
freeze_batchnorm=freeze_batchnorm))
return layers
def _create_bifpn_combine_op(num_inputs, name, combine_method):
"""Creates a BiFPN output config, a list of the output BiFPN node names.
Args:
num_inputs: The number of inputs to this combine operation.
name: String. The name of this combine operation.
combine_method: String. The method used to combine input feature maps.
Returns:
A function which may be called with a list of num_inputs feature maps
and which will return a single feature map.
"""
combine_op = None
if num_inputs < 1:
raise ValueError('Expected at least 1 input for BiFPN combine.')
elif num_inputs == 1:
combine_op = lambda x: x[0]
else:
combine_op = bifpn_utils.BiFPNCombineLayer(
combine_method=combine_method, name=name)
return combine_op
class KerasBiFpnFeatureMaps(tf.keras.Model):
"""Generates Keras based BiFPN feature maps from an input feature map pyramid.
A Keras model that generates multi-scale feature maps for detection by
iteratively computing top-down and bottom-up feature pyramids, as in the
EfficientDet paper by Tan et al, see arxiv.org/abs/1911.09070 for details.
"""
def __init__(self,
bifpn_num_iterations,
bifpn_num_filters,
fpn_min_level,
fpn_max_level,
input_max_level,
is_training,
conv_hyperparams,
freeze_batchnorm,
bifpn_node_params=None,
name=None):
"""Constructor.
Args:
bifpn_num_iterations: The number of top-down bottom-up iterations.
bifpn_num_filters: The number of filters (channels) to be used for all
feature maps in this BiFPN.
fpn_min_level: The minimum pyramid level (highest feature map resolution)
to use in the BiFPN.
fpn_max_level: The maximum pyramid level (lowest feature map resolution)
to use in the BiFPN.
input_max_level: The maximum pyramid level that will be provided as input
to the BiFPN. Accordingly, the BiFPN will compute any additional pyramid
levels from input_max_level up to the desired fpn_max_level, with each
successivel level downsampling by a scale factor of 2 by default.
is_training: Indicates whether the feature generator is in training mode.
conv_hyperparams: A `hyperparams_builder.KerasLayerHyperparams` object
containing hyperparameters for convolution ops.
freeze_batchnorm: Bool. Whether to freeze batch norm parameters during
training or not. When training with a small batch size (e.g. 1), it is
desirable to freeze batch norm update and use pretrained batch norm
params.
bifpn_node_params: An optional dictionary that may be used to specify
default parameters for BiFPN nodes, without the need to provide a custom
bifpn_node_config. For example, if '{ combine_method: 'sum' }', then all
BiFPN nodes will combine input feature maps by summation, rather than
by the default fast attention method.
name: A string name scope to assign to the model. If 'None', Keras
will auto-generate one from the class name.
"""
super(KerasBiFpnFeatureMaps, self).__init__(name=name)
bifpn_node_config = _create_bifpn_node_config(
bifpn_num_iterations, bifpn_num_filters, fpn_min_level, fpn_max_level,
input_max_level, bifpn_node_params)
bifpn_input_config = _create_bifpn_input_config(
fpn_min_level, fpn_max_level, input_max_level)
bifpn_output_node_names = _get_bifpn_output_node_names(
fpn_min_level, fpn_max_level, bifpn_node_config)
self.bifpn_node_config = bifpn_node_config
self.bifpn_output_node_names = bifpn_output_node_names
self.node_input_blocks = []
self.node_combine_op = []
self.node_post_combine_block = []
all_node_params = bifpn_input_config
all_node_names = [node['name'] for node in all_node_params]
for node_config in bifpn_node_config:
# Maybe transform and/or resample input feature maps.
input_blocks = []
for input_name in node_config['inputs']:
if input_name not in all_node_names:
raise ValueError(
'Input feature map ({}) does not exist:'.format(input_name))
input_index = all_node_names.index(input_name)
input_params = all_node_params[input_index]
input_block = node_config['input_op'](
name='{}/input_{}/'.format(node_config['name'], input_name),
input_scale=input_params['scale'],
input_num_channels=input_params.get('num_channels', None),
output_scale=node_config['scale'],
output_num_channels=node_config['num_channels'],
conv_hyperparams=conv_hyperparams,
is_training=is_training,
freeze_batchnorm=freeze_batchnorm)
input_blocks.append((input_index, input_block))
# Combine input feature maps.
combine_op = _create_bifpn_combine_op(
num_inputs=len(input_blocks),
name=(node_config['name'] + '/combine'),
combine_method=node_config['combine_method'])
# Post-combine layers.
post_combine_block = []
if node_config['post_combine_op']:
post_combine_block.extend(node_config['post_combine_op'](
name=node_config['name'] + '/post_combine/',
conv_hyperparams=conv_hyperparams,
is_training=is_training,
freeze_batchnorm=freeze_batchnorm))
self.node_input_blocks.append(input_blocks)
self.node_combine_op.append(combine_op)
self.node_post_combine_block.append(post_combine_block)
all_node_params.append(node_config)
all_node_names.append(node_config['name'])
def call(self, feature_pyramid):
"""Compute BiFPN feature maps from input feature pyramid.
Executed when calling the `.__call__` method on input.
Args:
feature_pyramid: list of tuples of (tensor_name, image_feature_tensor).
Returns:
feature_maps: an OrderedDict mapping keys (feature map names) to
tensors where each tensor has shape [batch, height_i, width_i, depth_i].
"""
feature_maps = [el[1] for el in feature_pyramid]
output_feature_maps = [None for node in self.bifpn_output_node_names]
for index, node in enumerate(self.bifpn_node_config):
node_scope = 'node_{:02d}'.format(index)
with tf.name_scope(node_scope):
# Apply layer blocks to this node's input feature maps.
input_block_results = []
for input_index, input_block in self.node_input_blocks[index]:
block_result = feature_maps[input_index]
for layer in input_block:
block_result = layer(block_result)
input_block_results.append(block_result)
# Combine the resulting feature maps.
node_result = self.node_combine_op[index](input_block_results)
# Apply post-combine layer block if applicable.
for layer in self.node_post_combine_block[index]:
node_result = layer(node_result)
feature_maps.append(node_result)
if node['name'] in self.bifpn_output_node_names:
index = self.bifpn_output_node_names.index(node['name'])
output_feature_maps[index] = node_result
return collections.OrderedDict(
zip(self.bifpn_output_node_names, output_feature_maps))
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
}
|
Fun Times in Indianapolis for Super Bowl
Unless you’ve been hiding under a rock, you should know that Indianapolis will be the host city of Super Bowl XLVI (46). On Sunday, February 5, 2012 Lucas Oil Stadium will be filled to the brim with eager fans cheering on the New England Patriots and the New York Giants. This is the first time Indianapolis has ever hosted a Super Bowl and we couldn’t be more excited! A plethora of fanfare surrounding this epic event awaits all Central Indiana football fans. Even if you don’t love football, you will love all of the happenings around town leading up to the big game.
Super Bowl XLVI Lucas Oil Stadium Tours begin on Monday 1/23 and run through Tuesday 2/7. Highlights of the tour include: both team locker rooms, media room, a walk on the field and insider look at Super Bowl preparations, the stadium and grounds. Get your tickets through Ticketmaster or the Lucas Oil Stadium box office.
The NLF Experience begins on Friday 1/27 and runs through Saturday 2/4 at the Indiana Convention Center. Don’t miss what the NFL calls “pro football's interactive theme park offering over 30 participatory games, displays, entertainment attractions, kids' football clinics, free autograph sessions and the largest football memorabilia show ever”!
Super Bowl Village. The heart of downtown Indianapolis will be transformed into Super Bowl Village beginning Friday 1/27 through Super Bowl Sunday 2/5. With continuous events for ten days, until midnight each night, this three-block festival will have something for everyone! Too many events abound to list, but a few highlights include: 60+ free concerts on two stages, zip-lines over Capitol Avenue, nightly pyrotechnic shows, live ESPN t.v. show broadcasts and the roman numeral sculpture on monument circle!
More information about Super Bowl Village here http://www.indianapolissuperbowl.com/super-bowl-village/Check out the Map of Super Bowl Village.
Super Cars will be on display Friday 1/27 through Sunday 1/29 in the heart of downtown Indianapolis. Iconic Indy cars have been fused with NFL franchises to create awe and “provide unique photo opportunities for fans of every team”. More information here
The Legacy Loop 5K / HealthBowl will take place on Saturday 1/28 from 9 a.m. until 2 p.m. Register for this walk/run on-site at Arsenal Tech High School, 1500 East Michigan Street, Indianapolis.
Super Tools for Teachers are available to get your classrooms in on the action! Multiple programs are offered giving educators Super Bowl themed lesson plans. Check out these exciting programs:Super Learning in a Super State (SLSS) is an official Indiana Host Committee sanctioned youth outreach program for grades K-12. Focus is on literacy, health and fitness, environmental awareness, community service, character education and interdisciplinary learning. Register here and download the free curriculum guides.
NFL PLAY 60 Challenge comes from a partnership of the NFL and the American Heart Association, in efforts to incorporate physical fitness into the classroom. Register here and download resources.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
/* Copyright (C) 1992, 93, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
* This file is part of the GNU C Library.
*
* The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
* Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
* 02111-1307 USA.
*/
#include <config.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#if HAVE_STRING_H
#include <string.h>
#endif /* HAVE_STRING_H */
#include "replacements.h"
/* Taken from glibc 2.6.1 */
char *
tds_strsep(char **stringp, const char *delim)
{
char *begin, *end;
begin = *stringp;
if (begin == NULL)
return NULL;
/* A frequent case is when the delimiter string contains only one
* character. Here we don't need to call the expensive `strpbrk'
* function and instead work using `strchr'. */
if (delim[0] == '\0') {
end = NULL;
} else if (delim[1] == '\0') {
char ch = delim[0];
if (*begin == ch)
end = begin;
else if (*begin == '\0')
end = NULL;
else
end = strchr(begin + 1, ch);
} else {
/* Find the end of the token. */
end = strpbrk(begin, delim);
}
if (end) {
/* Terminate the token and set *STRINGP past NUL character. */
*end++ = '\0';
} else {
/* No more delimiters; this is the last token. */
}
*stringp = end;
return begin;
}
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
}
|
jungle
Well I made it! Sorry for the delay in letting you know I made it safely to Brazil. The city as I flew in. Pulling up to the terminal. I went to Florianópolis for New Years weekend. HUGE Island full of 42 beaches. Alex and Mariella are a couple I hang out with. Alex is also…
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
Step-by-Step solutions are actual worked out problems to the questions at the end of each chapter that help you understand your homework and study for your exams. Chegg and eCampus are providing you two weeks absolutely free. 81% of students said using Step-by-Step solutions prepared them for their exams.
Summary
Thompson, Strickland and Gambles', CRAFTING AND EXECUTING STRATEGY, 17e presents the latest research findings from the literature and cutting-edge strategic practices of companies have been incorporated to keep step with both theory and practice. The chapter content continues to be solidly mainstream and balanced, mirroring both the best academic thinking and the pragmatism of real-world strategic management. Known for its cases and teaching notes, CRAFTING AND EXECUTING STRATEGY, 17e provides an unparalleled case line up. (1) 22 of the 26 cases are brand new or extensively updated for this edition, (2) The selection of cases is diverse, timely, and thoughtfully-crafted and complements the text presentation pushing students to apply the concepts and analytical tools they have read about. (3) Many cases involve high-profile companies. (4) And there's a comprehensive package of support materials that are a breeze to use, highly effective, and flexible enough to fit most any course design.
Table of Contents
Concepts and Techniques for Crafting and Executing Strategy
Introduction and Overview
What Is Strategy and Why Is It Important?
Leading the Process of Crafting and Executing Strategy
Core Concepts and Analytical Tools
Evaluating a CompanyG++s External Environment
Evaluating a CompanyG++s Resources and Competitive Position
Crafting a Strategy
Five Generic Competitive Strategies
Which One to Employ?
Supplementing the Chosen Competitive Strategy: Other Important Strategy Choices
Strategies for Competing in Foreign Markets
Diversification: Strategies for Managing a Group of Businesses
Ethical Business Strategies, Social Responsibility, and Environmental Sustainability Section D: Executing the Strategy
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
/*
* Globalize Culture en-ZA
*
* http://github.com/jquery/globalize
*
* Copyright Software Freedom Conservancy, Inc.
* Dual licensed under the MIT or GPL Version 2 licenses.
* http://jquery.org/license
*
* This file was generated by the Globalize Culture Generator
* Translation: bugs found in this file need to be fixed in the generator
*/
(function( window, undefined ) {
var Globalize;
if ( typeof require !== "undefined" &&
typeof exports !== "undefined" &&
typeof module !== "undefined" ) {
// Assume CommonJS
Globalize = require( "globalize" );
} else {
// Global variable
Globalize = window.Globalize;
}
Globalize.addCultureInfo( "en-ZA", "default", {
name: "en-ZA",
englishName: "English (South Africa)",
nativeName: "English (South Africa)",
numberFormat: {
",": " ",
percent: {
pattern: ["-n%","n%"],
",": " "
},
currency: {
pattern: ["$-n","$ n"],
",": " ",
".": ",",
symbol: "R"
}
},
calendars: {
standard: {
patterns: {
d: "yyyy/MM/dd",
D: "dd MMMM yyyy",
t: "hh:mm tt",
T: "hh:mm:ss tt",
f: "dd MMMM yyyy hh:mm tt",
F: "dd MMMM yyyy hh:mm:ss tt",
M: "dd MMMM",
Y: "MMMM yyyy"
}
}
}
});
}( this ));
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
}
|
The present invention relates to a method and arrangement for operating a drive for a plurality of auxiliary devices arranged on an internal-combustion engine in a motor vehicle, having a differential gear arranged between the internal-combustion engine and the auxiliary devices.
In order to meet the current or voltage requirement of electrical consumers in a motor vehicle, a timed exciting current is fed to a rotary current generator. When there is, for example, a first low rotational generator speed, the exciting current is switched on and off by a regulator at predetermined intervals in such a manner that a specific first medium exciting current is adjusted in the case of a constant wiring voltage. So that the wiring voltage which is permissible for the wiring of the motor vehicle is regulated to its desired value when a second higher rotational generator speed occurs, the regulator changes the timing signal in such a manner that the switched-off time fractions increase and a second medium exciting current is adjusted which is lower than the first. As a result, the wiring voltage, which is a function of the exciting current and the rotational speed and is induced in the generator, remains constant.
It is known to arrange a transmission between an output of an internal-combustion engine and a drive of auxiliary devices. The transmission, as a function of parameters, carries out an adaptation of the rotational driving speed of the auxiliary devices to the rotational output speed of the internal-combustion engine. For example, in the German Patent Document DE-PS 31 24 102, a consumer-current-dependent change-over between a higher and a lower rotational driving speed of an electric generator is disclosed. The transmission connected in front of the electric generator has a clutch actuated by a control device. The clutch carries out the rotational speed change-over in such a manner that the higher rotational driving speed will be maintained only when a low rotational speed of the internal-combustion engine and at the same time a high current requirement, is present at the electric generator. The current requirement is fed to a regulator for the exciting current which, in turn, is fed to the control device.
In the German Patent Document DE-OS 28 01 812, a planetary transmission is arranged coaxially on a crankshaft end. The sun gear of the planetary transmission is provided with an electromagnetically stallable clutch disk. The ring gear of the planetary transmission drives auxiliary devices. When the sun gear is free, all auxiliary devices are driven at a low rotational speed. When the sun gear is fixed, the rotational output speed of the ring gear will increase so that all auxiliary devices are driven at a joint higher rotational speed. The change-over of the clutch disk takes place as a function of several parameters, for example, of the battery charging current or the cooling water temperature of the internal-combustion engine.
From the above-mentioned prior art, it is known to change over the rotational speed of the drive of the auxiliary devices as a function of parameters between a low and a higher rotational speed. A continuous adaptation or a disconnecting of one or several auxiliary devices is not possible.
It is an object of the invention to provide a method and arrangement for operating a drive for auxiliary devices of an internal-combustion engine which permits a controlled drive of individual auxiliary devices according to the requirements.
This and other objects are achieved by the present invention which provides a method of operating a drive for a plurality of auxiliary devices arranged on an internal-combustion engine in a motor vehicle, having a differential gear arranged between the internal-combustion engine and the auxiliary devices. The method includes switching on and off with a regulator in a timed manner an exciting current. The exciting current is supplied to a first auxiliary device as a function of a rotational speed of the generator such that a wiring voltage induced in the auxiliary device remains substantially constant, wherein the first auxiliary device is a rotary current generator. A signal of the internal-combustion engine is supplied to the regulator as a function of at least one of a load and a cooling water temperature of the internal-combustion engine. This thereby affects the timing of the regulator so as to change a driving torque supplied to the rotary current generator. A rotational generator speed and therefore a rotational driving speed of at least a second auxiliary device is changed by the differential gear to maintain the wiring voltage.
The aforementioned objects are also achieved by an embodiment of the present invention which provides an arrangement for operating a drive for a plurality of auxiliary devices arranged on an internal-combustion engine in a motor vehicle, having a differential gear arranged between the internal-combustion engine and the auxiliary devices. A regulator switches on and off in a timed manner an exciting current supplied to a first auxiliary device as a function of a rotational speed of the generator such that a wiring voltage induced in the first auxiliary device remains substantially constant. A signal of the internal-combustion engine is supplied to the regulator as a function of at least one of a load and a cooling water temperature of the internal-combustion engine to thereby affect the timing of the regulator so as to change a driving torque supplied to the first auxiliary device. A rotational generator speed is changed and therefore a rotational driving speed of at least a second auxiliary device is also changed by the differential gear to maintain the wiring voltage, wherein the differential gear is a planetary transmission. The planetary transmission has first and second outputs. The first output has a ring gear. The first auxiliary device is coupled to the ring gear. The second output has a sun gear. The second auxiliary device is coupled to the sun gear. A planet carrier is coupled to a crankshaft.
Via the intervention into the exciting current fed to the rotary current generator (electric generator), in combination with a differential gear arranged between the internal-combustion engine and the auxiliary devices, this method permits a drive of individual auxiliary devices, such as a water pump, that is controlled according to the requirements.
The power supplied by the internal-combustion engine to the differential gear in the case of a constant rotational speed may be considered to be constant. As a function of the construction of the transmission, the supplied power is distributed to these assemblies at a torque ratio that is constant at first. The required driving torque of the water pump may be considered to be constant while that of the electric generator depends on the intensity of the exciting current.
In the case of a cold start of the internal-combustion engine, a signal is, for example, supplied to the regulator. The signal is a function of the cooling water temperature and changes the timing of the exciting current of the electric generator. When the internal-combustion engine is cold, only a low cooling water throughput or no cooling water throughput at all is desired. The wiring voltage induced in the electric generator is a direct function of the exciting current and of the rotational driving speed of the electric generator. When the exciting current falls and the driving torque of the electric generator is therefore reduced by a certain amount, the rotational driving speed is increased by means of the differential gear. The wiring voltage is therefore kept constant.
Because of the compensating effect of the planetary transmission, the rotational driving speed of the water pump will be reduced.
Advantageously by using this method, when the rotational speed of the internal-combustion engine is low, a high transmission ratio can be achieved with respect to the electric generator. This allows the electric requirements to be covered, for example, also at the idling speed of the engine. On the other hand, it is possible to lower the transmission ratio in the case of high rotational speeds of the internal-combustion engine. As a result, the power consumption and the noise emission caused by the fan wheel of the electric generator will be reduced. The electric generator can therefore be operated in a favorable efficiency range of its characteristic diagram.
Additional advantages are achieved with respect to the second auxiliary device, for example, a water pump. In the case of the known design of a conventionally driven water pump, the power consumption relates to the cooling water flow rate of the internal-combustion engine at full load and maximal rotational speed. In the case of a partial load and low rotational speeds, the cooling requirements of the internal-combustion engine will be reduced to up to a third of the maximal cooling power. The method according to the invention allows a drive of the water pump which is controlled according to the demand. In this case, when the cooling water temperature is low, the differential gear reduces the rotational driving speed of the water pump and, when the internal-combustion engine is warmed up, increases it corresponding to the increased cooling requirements.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the supply of the signal that is a function of the load or the cooling water temperature only takes place when it falls below a predetermined limit value for the cooling water temperature. When the actual cooling water temperature is below the limit value, the timing of the exciting current will be changed in such a manner that this exciting current will fall. As a result, the driving torque of the electric generator will be reduced, and its rotational speed will rise. Consequently, the rotational speed of the water pump will decrease.
In certain embodiments, a locking device is arranged between the output of the planetary transmission and the water pump. The locking device stops the water pump in the case of a cold start. This increases the rotational speed of the electric generator. With a controllable design of this locking device, the cooling power can in addition be regulated between one third and zero of the maximal cooling power.
Other objects, advantages and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
|
Friday, June 17, 2005
Alaska weather creates ideal conditions for mosquitoes
If you're visiting Alaska for the first time, you may think that we have a lot of bugs. And you would be right. If you've lived here for only a few years, you may be thinking that there are a lot more mosquitoes, gnats, wasps, and other bugs this year compared to previous years. Again, you would be correct.
But the fact is, there really is not an unusual number of flying, biting bugs this year. It's just that we got used to having it good.
The past few years were unusually dry and hot, and the snow cover, which mosquitoes use to survive the winter, was not sufficient to protect them. Because the summers were dry, there were fewer places for them to breed.
This past winter, we had a more normal snow cover, and that was followed by a wetter, cooler spring.
Among the upsides, the salmon, trout, and other fish, as well as some birds, will be fatter and larger than in those previous years. So get some bug dope, a head net, some fishing gear, and a license (of course), and make the best of it.
The other good news is that, so far, Alaska has not had any cases of West Nile Virus, Malaria, or Yellow Fever, all increasingly common mosquito-borne diseases. Also, we haven't had any scorpions, ticks, or snakes for a very long time.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
DARPP-32 in the ciliary epithelium of the eye: a neurotransmitter-regulated phosphoprotein of brain localizes to secretory cells.
DARPP-32, a phosphoprotein enriched in dopaminoceptive brain neurons containing the D-1 receptor subtype, probably functions as an intracellular third messenger to mediate some of the physiological effects of dopamine at the D-1 receptor. By immunohistochemistry in rat, cat, Rhesus monkey, and human, we have localized DARPP-32 to the non-pigmented epithelium of the ciliary body, the innermost layer of the bi-layered epithelium responsible for secretion of aqueous humor into the eye. The immunoreactive protein in rat ciliary body, identified by immunolabeling of a ciliary body extract separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, is indistinguishable from DARPP-32 derived from rat caudatoputamen. By analogy with brain, we propose that DARPP-32 may act as a third messenger in the ciliary epithelium, probably through a dopaminergic mechanism.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
The prognostic value of multiple electrode aggregometry and light transmittance aggregometry in stable cardiovascular patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Limited data are available regarding the clinical relevance of platelet function measurements in stable patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Our aim is to evaluate the agreement between multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA) and light transmittance aggregometry (LTA) in detecting clopidogrel low responders and their prognostic value in CAD patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on dual platelet inhibition. LTA and MEA were performed in 122 stable cardiovascular patients with T2DM. The upper quartile of patients according to maximum LTA (LTAmax) and MEA measurements were defined as clopidogrel low responders. Agreement between the two methods was evaluated by kappa statistics. We assessed the potential correlation between antiplatelet response and clinical outcome and the optimal cutoff value according to ROC analysis to predict the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), during 1-year follow-up period. Cohen's kappa coefficients (0.214) indicated fair agreement (70.2%) between LTA and MEA. A total of 25 MACE occurred in 108 patients (23.1%). Patients with MACE had higher LTAmax than those without (57.1 ± 16.5 vs 49.3 ± 18.3, respectively, p = 0.023). MEA measurements were similar between patients with and without MACE (30.1 ± 15.4 vs 30.6 ± 20.8, respectively; p = 0.84). Multiple logistic regression showed LTAmax response as an independent predictor of death from cardiovascular causes (Odds Ratio, adjusted:0.2;0.05-0.81). ROC analysis indicated that LTAmax cutoff of 62.5% best predicted death (AUC = 0.67, sensitivity = 78%, specificity = 61.5%). The assessment of platelet responsiveness remains highly test-specific. Our results support the prognostic role of LTA, but not MEA testing, for death risk evaluation in stable cardiovascular T2DM patients.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
class AddReplyToIdToReplies < ActiveRecord::Migration
def change
add_column :homeland_replies, :reply_to_id, :integer
add_index :homeland_replies, :reply_to_id
end
end
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
}
|
Helicobacter pylori Activates IL-6-STAT3 Signaling in Human Gastric Cancer Cells: Potential Roles for Reactive Oxygen Species.
Recent studies have shown that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) activates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) that plays an important role in gastric carcinogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying H. pylori-mediated STAT3 activation is still not fully understood. In this study, we investigated H. pylori-induced activation of STAT3 signaling in AGS human gastric cancer cells and the underlying mechanism. AGS cells were cocultured with H. pylori, and STAT3 activation was assessed by Western blot analysis, electrophoretic mobility shift assay and immunocytochemistry. To demonstrate the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in H. pylori-activated STAT3 signaling, the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine was utilized. The expression and production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The interaction between IL-6 and IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) was determined by the immunoprecipitation assay. H. pylori activates STAT3 as evidenced by increases in phosphorylation on Tyr(705) , nuclear localization, DNA binding and transcriptional activity of this transcription factor. The nuclear translocation of STAT3 was also observed in H. pylori-inoculated mouse stomach. In the subsequent study, we found that H. pylori-induced STAT3 phosphorylation was dependent on IL-6. Notably, the increased IL-6 expression and the IL-6 and IL-6R binding were mediated by ROS produced as a consequence of H. pylori infection. H. pylori-induced STAT3 activation is mediated, at least in part, through ROS-induced upregulation of IL-6 expression. These findings provide a novel molecular mechanism responsible for H. pylori-induced gastritis and gastric carcinogenesis.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
Sid Meier’s Civilization VI Review – More of the same but extra
Sid Meier’s Civilization VI Review – More of the same but extra
This title was reviewed on PC, but is also available on Nintendo Switch. Check out our Switch review here.
We have two distinct reviews and scores, which to some may be controversial as it’s the same game. But, Civilization VI on Nintendo Switch plays like a whole different game due to the platform, hence we are standing by our decision for two seperate reviews and scores.
If you’ve played any of the Civilization games then you already know what to expect. If not, then settle in as we go over what the game is about and what changes were made for this new title in the franchise.
Civilization VI is a turn-based strategy game where you start of with a warriors unit and settlers, then grow all the way to a futuristic city with enough power to expand towards the stars or bring doom upon the earth. This is one of those games that you don’t just play on the fly, but rather sink a bunch of time that requires snacks, an empty schedule and one or many drinks. While the game does offer a single player campaign as well as Multiplayer, the real meat of the game lies in it’s custom games.
To start off, it’s essential to mention that the game boasts a total of 19 different nations – 27 with DLCs, each with their own traits that can help shape their play style. This, mixed with a robust game creation menu; changing map geography, game speed, winning conditions among other settings, gives the game longevity due to its high replayability.
As I said before you start the game with a Settlers unit and a Warriors Unit. And so the first order of business is finding the most suitable tile to settle your city on. Once your capital is established, your management duties truly begin.
Beforeyou start, there are different resources to manage, and I shall break it down into three categories with further explanation.
Currency:
Gold: Gold can be earned through trading, buildings in cities or from passives of your government and/or civilization. It’s also commonly used to buy and sell with other nations.
Faith: Either through specific structures or passives that benefits your people, this one can also be used to buy special units and buildings when you invest into it. It also allows you to build a pantheon, granting your benefits to your people, and even from a religion down the line.
What’s more special about Gold and Faith is that they can also be used to purchase units and structures as well as Great People – Special units that can give you huge advantage, depending on their specialty (Great Prophet can create religion, Great Artist can create a work of art that gives you bonuses and prestige, Great general can level up a unit or simply buff them with his presence, etc).
Advancement:
Culture: Determines at which rate your governments evolves, opening up new governing policies. These policies grant you special cards that you can use to boost your civilization’s bonuses and help you shape your kingdom to what you want it to be; a military juggernaut or trading hub, among others. This resource can be also earned through specific buildings or passives. Accomplishing certain side objectives can grant you Inspiration which halves the time needed to study a certain policy. Also higher culture means faster boarder expansion.
Science: Determines how many turns are needed to research a new technology, opening up new buildings to build and units to recruit. Like Culture, doing certain objectives can speed up a research and this is called Eureka.
Miscellaneous:
Food: Governs the speed at which your population grows. So make sure your population’s needs are met, otherwise you face starvation and penalties. Earned mostly through specific structures or tiles, as well as trading in some cases.
Housing: Plain and simple, you can’t have a bigger population without expanding your housing to harbor them. Special structures and government policies can offer this much needed resource.
Amenities: Gained through owning or trading for luxury goods, this resource manages your populace’s happiness, with positive giving your bonuses and negative risks causing a riot in your city where this resource is lacking. Building camps around exotic animals or specific buildings around certain luxury resources can increase it, but also government policies and special buildings.
Luxury and special resources: this includes exotic animals, iron, oil, and uranium among many others, and these can not only increase your amenities but also be used to trade with other nations for gold or simply resources you may lack.
Phew, with all of that information out of the way, how does it all come together?
Well, glad to report that no matter your playstyle, the game’s robust research, civic and nations’ system can be played and enjoyed whatever you choose to play as. Want to be a trading civilization with emphasis on getting gold – like myself? I was racking hundreds upon hundreds of gold pieces each turn, allowing me to buy a lot of anything if needed. Want to play as the conquering marauder? There is plenty of policies with boosts to combat performance and a huge variety of units to throw at your enemy. Hey, you came into this wanting to be the most cultured and sophisticated civilization? Artists and musicians will flock to your city, so will tourists and the adoration of neighboring friendlies. There is always a downside to each of these but that’s easily expected as one cannot simply have it all, and with this one you don’t need to, because you can play and play again, experimenting until you find that perfect set up; and THAT is rewarding.
But this doesn’t mean I don’t have any bones to pick with Civilisation VI, because of some changes that were made that I’m not honestly liking thus far. Most noticeably of these is the new Worker units that can no longer build roads until you reach renaissance Era, making the first three stages of the game a sludge to go through with units moving at a crawl. Yes now roads will automatically build when you establish a trading route between two cities, but it limits the strategic placement of roads, like in Civ 5, that eased mobility throughout my territory so that I could deploy my units much more easily. Also you no longer start with a Scout unit(replaced by a Warriors Unit), which means that you risk falling behind if you intend on looking for a suitable place to settle if the initial starting point isn’t to your liking. Units gain minimal experience beyond first level, which is somewhat illogical, as one battle makes your warriors experienced, but then the next four they learn nothing from it. I get that this could be done for balancing reasons but it’s still a pain that discourages progress.
Aside from the other nations on the map, there are also city-states that you can increase your relation with by assigning envoys – you can earn these through searching new civic policies, and these can give you major bonuses. My problem isn’t with the bonuses, but the rate at which these city-states recruit military units, and not because I tried to invade them and got destroyed, but rather because I became friendly with them early on and I had no need to build any military units because anyone that would declare war on me got simply overwhelmed. This should be a good thing, right? Not really. As a player, perhaps, because abusing the system is always fun, but as a critic I find this to be a balance issue that needs fixing.
If you’re a returning Civilization fan, than you’ll feel at home with this one, although some of the changes like the way Builders work or Great People recruitment can take getting used to. I enjoyed my time with this one and definitely see myself playing it again and again because it’s how this genre of games is built; there is always that next turn, that next research, that next policy and next step towards victory.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
The GRIP project has provided partial support for UNC's advanced technology tracker work and is a customer for trackers designed by this team. As noted last year, the UNC optical tracker is attractive in the PIT because it is immune to the electrical noise created by the motors in the PHANToM. This electrical noise causes significant error in our current commercial magnetic trackers. The new lightweight optical tracker was deployed early in the reporting period and has undergone testing, calibration and algorithmic refinement during this reporting period with RMS noise of 0.1 mm in position and 0.03 degrees in orientation. The system measures position and orientation in a 26 by 30 foot working area and makes 1500 to 2000 measurements per second with less than 1 millisecond of latency. Software has been developed and tested for multiple simultaneous trackers operating under the same ceiling (n = 2 currently) to support deployment of this tracker in the PIT. Experiments were conducted to determine an optimal pattern of tracker ceiling tiles (the tracker's LED beacon system is located in the tiles) for the PIT two-user configuration. We expect to deploy the tracker over the PIT before the end of March 1998.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter"
}
|
Ludwig Gramminger
Ludwig Gramminger, also known as "Wiggerl" Gramminger (June 11, 1906 – August 28, 1997) was a German Alpinist and one of the pioneers of modern mountain rescue techniques. He was born in Munich. In 1925 he joined the Alpine mountain rescue service. A skilled climber, he pioneered the use of stretch rail and the use of steel rope to lower one of the rescuers to the base of the wall. He also pioneered the so-called Gramminger seat named after him. One of the better-publicised uses of his technique was during the 1957 rescue of an Italian climber, Claudio Corti, from the North Wall of the Eiger. Gramminger died in Munich, aged 91.
Category:German mountain climbers
Category:People from Munich
Category:Officers Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Category:1906 births
Category:1997 deaths
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
}
|
The present invention disclosed herein relates to a semiconductor device, and more particularly, to a semiconductor device having a local silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structure and a method of forming the same.
The present invention has been derived from research undertaken as a part of IT R & D program of the Ministry of Information and Communication and Institution of Information Technology Association (MIC/IITA) [2006-S-004-02], integrated development of silicon-based high-speed optical interconnection IC.
A semiconductor device formed on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate may have high radiation tolerance and latch-up immunity, restrain the short channel effect, and operate with low power consumption, by means of a buried oxide (BOX) layer buried in a substrate under the device. Furthermore, the semiconductor device can operate at a high speed because an operating region of the semiconductor device is capacitively insulated from the substrate.
There are mainly two types of methods for forming a typical SOI substrate. One is a wafer bonding method that bonds two wafers with an oxide layer therebetween. The other is a separation by implanted oxygen (SIMOX) method. In the SIMOX method, a high concentration oxygen ion implanted layer is formed at a predetermined depth of a silicon wafer by implanting oxygen ions from the surface of the silicon wafer. Subsequently, the silicon wafer is thermally treated to form a BOX layer.
In the wafer bonding method, a SOI substrate can be obtained by bonding two silicon wafers with an oxide layer having a thickness of more than 1 micrometer. In this case, the broader the surface area of the wafer is, the more difficult it is to ensure proper bonding and uniformity of wafer thickness.
Also, a BOX layer must be formed with a thickness of more than 1 micrometer in order to integrate an optical element and an electrical element onto the SOI substrate. Accordingly, a high concentration (of greater than 5×1018 atom/cm2) ion implantation is required to form a BOX layer having a thickness of 1 mm in the SIMOX method. However, a high concentration ion implantation may increase the threading dislocation density, the oxide precipitate density and the lattice defects of silicon, and cause silicon inclusions and pinholes in the BOX layer. Subsequently, the reliability and the operating characteristics of a semiconductor device may be deteriorated.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
|
Q:
function to get the name of any method?
I would like to have a function called GetMethodName such that the following code would print "myMethod":
int myMethod(string foo, double bar)
{
// ...
}
Console.Out.WriteLine(GetMethodName(myMethod));
This should work no matter what the method signature myMethod has. Is this possible?
A:
No, it's not possible like that. It would be possible with the mythical infoof operator which the C# team would like to include, but haven't got round to yet - but without that, you'd have to use a method group conversion, which will only work if you know the specific type of delegate to use.
The closest you can probably come is to use an expression tree:
public static string GetMethodName(Expression expression)
{
// Code to take apart the expression tree and find the method invocation
}
GetMethodName(() => myMethod(0, 0));
That wouldn't actually need to call myMethod, but you would need to provide dummy arguments - which could be irritating if there are any out/ref parameters.
A:
As pointed out on Eric Lippert's blog you could fake it with the Action and Func delegates
public static MethodInfo GetInfo<T>(Action<T> action)
{
return action.Method;
}
public static MethodInfo GetInfo<T, TResult>(Func<T, TResult> func)
{
return func.Method;
}
public static MethodInfo GetInfo<T, U, TResult>(Func<T, U, TResult> func)
{
return func.Method;
}
public static int Target(int v1, int v2)
{
return v1 ^ v2;
}
static int Main(string[] args)
{
var mi = GetInfo<string[], int>(Main);
Console.WriteLine(mi.Name);
var mi2 = GetInfo<int, int, int>(Target);
Console.WriteLine(mi2.Name);
return 0;
}
A:
What about this?
public static string GetMethodName(Expression<Action> exp)
{
var b = (MethodCallExpression)exp.Body;
return b.Method.Name;
}
// ...
var name = GetMethodName(() => myMethod(string.Empty, 0.0));
System.Out.WriteLine(name);
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
|
Send this page to someone via email
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau is urging both men and women to embrace the word “feminist.”
Speaking at a panel on gender equality at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland on Friday, Trudeau called on both men and women to use the word “feminist.”
“We shouldn’t be afraid of the word feminist, men and women should use it to describe themselves anytime they want,” Trudeau said.
The prime minister, who calls himself a feminist, was addressing gender parity and said that men need to be a part of the discussion to close the gender gap.
WATCH: Trudeau says gender balance in government brings ‘better decision making’
3:00 Trudeau says gender balance in government brings ‘better decision making’ Trudeau says gender balance in government brings ‘better decision making’
Trudeau was on the panel with with Melinda Gates and Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg and spoke about how his wife and “incredible partner” Sophie reminds him to talk to his son “about how he treats women and how he’s going to grow up to be a feminist just like dad.”
Story continues below advertisement
Trudeau has made gender equality a priority during his time as prime minister, promising during the campaign to appoint a diverse cabinet with equal representation of men and women. He also gained international attention shortly after assuming office when he defended his gender-balanced cabinet to a reporter by saying “Because it’s 2015.”
WATCH: Convincing women to run for politics is difficult, ‘frustrating’
3:06 Trudeau: Convincing women to run for politics is difficult, ‘frustrating’ Trudeau: Convincing women to run for politics is difficult, ‘frustrating’
“We have made it very explicit that gender balance and diversity as well, not just for its own sake; because you’re getting better decision making…you’re getting a government that reflects the reality of a broad population you’re supposed to serve.”
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
}
|
The present invention pertains to an internal combustion engine ignition control system. More particularly, the present invention pertains to an electronic ignition control system for generating a spark to ignite the fuel within a cylinder of an internal combustion engine at the optimum time to assure maximum fuel efficiency and engine performance.
The operating performances of an internal combustion engine is dependent, at least in part, on the point during the cycle of operation of each cylinder at which the fuel is ignited. The time of ignition affects the fuel efficiency, the amount of power generated by the engine, and the smoothness of engine operation. Mechanical means for controlling the ignition time are available, but generally these are cumbersome devices of questionable accuracy, often involving weights and springs to control the operating time of various components, and such mechanical components are inherently inaccurate and subject to operating fluctuations.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
}
|
27 A.3d 116 (2011)
131 Conn.App. 903
HSBC BANK USA, National Association, Trustee (NAAC 2007-2),
v.
Dahill DONOFRIO et al.
No. 32042.
Appellate Court of Connecticut.
Argued September 12, 2011.
Decided September 27, 2011.
DIPENTIMA, C.J., and BEACH and PETERS, Js.
PER CURIAM.
The judgment is affirmed and the case is remanded for the purpose of setting a new law day.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "FreeLaw"
}
|
Q:
the application stopped when stop playing the sound
I created my Android app to play sound when user select option value on i did my code well. All thing worked well but when i added my code to make user mute or stop the sound when click on lock button at his mobile it worked well but when i rotate the mobile horizontal the error " the application stopped unexpectedly " occurred. I checked my code and i reached that the error at onPause method .
@Override
protected void onResume() {
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF);
registerReceiver(new IntentListener(), intentFilter);
super.onResume();
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
super.onPause(); // Don't forget this line
mp.pause(); // Or whatever the function is to pause it
unregisterReceiver(new IntentListener());
}
@Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
setContentView(R.layout.activity);
}
<activity
android:name="xx"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|screenSize">
06-25 13:59:31.442: W/KeyCharacterMap(331): No keyboard for id 0
06-25 13:59:31.442: W/KeyCharacterMap(331): Using default keymap: /system/usr/keychars/qwerty.kcm.bin
06-25 13:59:31.592: D/AndroidRuntime(331): Shutting down VM
06-25 13:59:31.603: W/dalvikvm(331): threadid=1: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x4001d800)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to pause activity {com.ramadan/com.ramadan.Ramadan}: java.lang.NullPointerException
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at android.app.ActivityThread.performPauseActivity(ActivityThread.java:3348)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at android.app.ActivityThread.performPauseActivity(ActivityThread.java:3305)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at android.app.ActivityThread.handlePauseActivity(ActivityThread.java:3288)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$2500(ActivityThread.java:125)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2044)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4627)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:868)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:626)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at com.ramadan.Ramadan.onPause(Ramadan.java:125)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at android.app.Activity.performPause(Activity.java:3842)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnPause(Instrumentation.java:1190)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): at android.app.ActivityThread.performPauseActivity(ActivityThread.java:3335)
06-25 13:59:31.672: E/AndroidRuntime(331): ... 12 more
A:
You will get lots more information if you look at the logcat output from your crash, as it will give you the reason for the exception. However, just looking at the above code, you cannot call registerReceiver() and unregisterReceiver() with different instances, they must be the same object. The call to unregisterReceiver() is likely filing with an exception saying that receiver instance was never registered before. Your code needs to look more like this:
//We need a reference to this instance somehow
private IntentListener listener = new IntentListener();
@Override
public void onResume() {
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF);
registerReceiver(listener, intentFilter);
super.onResume();
}
@Override
public void onPause() {
super.onPause();
unregisterReceiver(listener); //must be the same instance you registered!
}
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
}
|
Curcumin decreases oxidative stress in mitochondria isolated from liver and kidneys of high-fat diet-induced obese mice.
Oxidative stress plays a key role in obesity and diabetes-related mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction is characterized by increased oxidative damage, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, and a reduced ratio of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) production/oxygen consumption. Curcumin represents a potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. In this study, our objective was to determine the effect of curcumin treatment on oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice (OM). These results suggest that curcumin treatment increased oxygen consumption and significantly decreased lipid and protein oxidation levels in liver mitochondria isolated from HFD-induced OM compared with those in the untreated OM (UOM). In kidney mitochondria, curcumin treatment significantly increased oxygen consumption and decreased lipid and protein peroxidation levels in HFD-induced OM when compared with those in UOM. Curcumin treatment neither has any effect on body weight gain nor have any effects on mitochondrial NO synthesis. These findings suggest that obesity induces oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, whereas curcumin may have a protective role against obesity-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
}
|
Pre-Doctoral Internship in Clinical Psychology
The department sponsors an APPIC approved independent, full-time pre-doctoral internship in clinical psychology. Supervised by full and part time psychology faculty of the department, the internship provides an excellent training opportunity in both adults and child psychology, with a focus on psychological care in a rural area. Didactics are provided as well as supervision of clinical care. Clinical care is primarily located in the Marshall Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine outpatient offices, but clinical opportunities also exist in medical outpatient settings and inpatient psychiatry hospital settings.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
}
|
End of preview. Expand
in Data Studio
README.md exists but content is empty.
- Downloads last month
- 13