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http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#Golo
Golo
#!/usr/bin/env golosh ---- This module is the Bulls and Cows game. ---- module Bullsandcows   import gololang.Decorators import gololang.Functions import gololang.IO import java.util   function main = |args| { while true { let secret = create4RandomNumbers() println("Welcome to Bulls And Cows") while true...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#ERRE
ERRE
  PROGRAM CAESAR   !$INCLUDE="PC.LIB"   PROCEDURE CAESAR(TEXT$,KY%->CY$) LOCAL I%,C% FOR I%=1 TO LEN(TEXT$) DO C%=ASC(MID$(TEXT$,I%)) IF (C% AND $1F)>=1 AND (C% AND $1F)<=26 THEN C%=(C% AND $E0) OR (((C% AND $1F)+KY%-1) MOD 26+1) CHANGE(TEXT$,I%,CHR$(C%)->TEXT$) END IF END ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#VBScript
VBScript
e0 = 0 : e = 2 : n = 0 : fact = 1 While (e - e0) > 1E-15 e0 = e n = n + 1 fact = fact * 2*n * (2*n + 1) e = e + (2*n + 2)/fact Wend   WScript.Echo "Computed e = " & e WScript.Echo "Real e = " & Exp(1) WScript.Echo "Error = " & (Exp(1) - e) WScript.Echo "Number of iterations = " & n
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#Verilog
Verilog
module main; real n, n1; real e1, e;   initial begin n = 1.0; n1 = 1.0; e1 = 0.0; e = 1.0;   while (e != e1) begin e1 = e; e = e + (1.0 / n); n1 = n1 + 1; n = n * n1; end $display("The value of e = ", e); $finish ; end endmodule
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#langur
langur
.x() # call user-defined function
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#Phix
Phix
with javascript_semantics -- returns inf/-nan for n>85, and needs the rounding for n>=14, accurate to n=29 function catalan1(integer n) return floor(factorial(2*n)/(factorial(n+1)*factorial(n))+0.5) end function -- returns inf for n>519, accurate to n=30: function catalan2(integer n) -- NB: very slow! atom res =...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brazilian_numbers
Brazilian numbers
Brazilian numbers are so called as they were first formally presented at the 1994 math Olympiad Olimpiada Iberoamericana de Matematica in Fortaleza, Brazil. Brazilian numbers are defined as: The set of positive integer numbers where each number N has at least one natural number B where 1 < B < N-1 where the represent...
#Ring
Ring
  load "stdlib.ring"   decList = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15] baseList = ["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","A","B","C","D","E","F"] brazil = [] brazilOdd = [] brazilPrime = [] num1 = 0 num2 = 0 num3 = 0 limit = 20   see "working..." + nl for n = 1 to 2802 for m = 2 to 16 flag = 1 b...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#1._Grid_structure_functions
1. Grid structure functions
DataGrid[ rowHeights:{__Integer}, colWidths:{__Integer}, spacings:{_Integer,_Integer}, borderWidths:{{_Integer,_Integer},{_Integer,_Integer}}, options_Association, data:{__List?MatrixQ}]:= With[ (*Need to make sure we have sensible defaults for the decoration options.*) {alignment=Lookup[options,"...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#R
R
  # plotmat(): Simple plotting using a square matrix mat (filled with 0/1). v. 8/31/16 # Where: mat - matrix; fn - file name; clr - color; ttl - plot title; # dflg - writing dump file flag (0-no/1-yes): psz - picture size. plotmat <- function(mat, fn, clr, ttl, dflg=0, psz=600) { m <- nrow(mat); d <- 0; X=NU...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#Groovy
Groovy
class BullsAndCows { static void main(args) { def inputReader = System.in.newReader() def numberGenerator = new Random() def targetValue while (targetValueIsInvalid(targetValue = numberGenerator.nextInt(9000) + 1000)) continue def targetStr = targetValue.toString() de...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#Euphoria
Euphoria
  --caesar cipher for Rosetta Code wiki --User:Lnettnay   --usage eui caesar ->default text, key and encode flag --usage eui caesar 'Text with spaces and punctuation!' 5 D --If text has imbedded spaces must use apostophes instead of quotes so all punctuation works --key = integer from 1 to 25, defaults to 13 --flag = ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#Visual_Basic_.NET
Visual Basic .NET
Imports System, System.Numerics, System.Math, System.Console   Module Program Function CalcE(ByVal nDigs As Integer) As String Dim pad As Integer = Round(Log10(nDigs)), n = 1, f As BigInteger = BigInteger.Pow(10, nDigs + pad), e = f + f Do : n+= 1 : f /= n : e += f : Loop While f > n ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#Latitude
Latitude
foo (1, 2, 3). ; (1) Ordinary call foo ().  ; (2) No arguments foo.  ; (3) Equivalent to (2) foo (1).  ; (4) Single-argument function foo 1.  ; (5) Equivalent to (4) foo (bar).  ; (6) Parentheses necessary here since bar is not a literal foo: 1, 2, 3.  ; (7) Alternative syntax, equivalent ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#PHP
PHP
<?php   class CatalanNumbersSerie { private static $cache = array(0 => 1);   private function fill_cache($i) { $accum = 0; $n = $i-1; for($k = 0; $k <= $n; $k++) { $accum += $this->item($k)*$this->item($n-$k); } self::$cache[$i] = $accum; } function item($i) { if (!isset(s...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brazilian_numbers
Brazilian numbers
Brazilian numbers are so called as they were first formally presented at the 1994 math Olympiad Olimpiada Iberoamericana de Matematica in Fortaleza, Brazil. Brazilian numbers are defined as: The set of positive integer numbers where each number N has at least one natural number B where 1 < B < N-1 where the represent...
#Ruby
Ruby
def sameDigits(n,b) f = n % b while (n /= b) > 0 do if n % b != f then return false end end return true end   def isBrazilian(n) if n < 7 then return false end if n % 2 == 0 then return true end for b in 2 .. n - 2 do if sameDigits(...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#2._Calendar_data_functions
2. Calendar data functions
(*Mathematica makes it easy to get month names and day names for several standard calendars.*) MonthNames[]:=MonthNames["Gregorian"]; MonthNames[calType_]:=Lookup[CalendarData[calType,"PropertyAssociation"],"MonthNames"];   WeekdayNames[]:=WeekdayNames["Gregorian"]; WeekdayNames[calType_]:=Lookup[CalendarData[calType,"...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#Racket
Racket
#lang racket (require 2htdp/image)   ;; The unsafe fixnum ops are faster than the checked ones, ;; but if you get anything wrong with them, they'll bite. ;; If you experience any problems reactivate the ;; (require racket/fixnum) and instead of the unsafe requirement ;; below...   ;; we have tested this... #;(require r...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#Raku
Raku
constant size = 100; constant particlenum = 1_000;     constant mid = size div 2;   my $spawnradius = 5; my @map;   sub set($x, $y) { @map[$x][$y] = True; }   sub get($x, $y) { return @map[$x][$y] || False; }   set(mid, mid); my @blocks = " ","\c[UPPER HALF BLOCK]", "\c[LOWER HALF BLOCK]","\c[FULL BLOCK]";   su...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#Haskell
Haskell
import Data.List (partition, intersect, nub) import Control.Monad import System.Random (StdGen, getStdRandom, randomR) import Text.Printf   numberOfDigits = 4 :: Int   main = bullsAndCows   bullsAndCows :: IO () bullsAndCows = do digits <- getStdRandom $ pick numberOfDigits ['1' .. '9'] putStrLn "Guess away!" ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#F.23
F#
module caesar = open System   let private cipher n s = let shift c = if Char.IsLetter c then let a = (if Char.IsLower c then 'a' else 'A') |> int (int c - a + n) % 26 + a |> char else c String.map shift s   let encrypt n = cipher n ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#Vlang
Vlang
import math const epsilon = 1.0e-15   fn main() { mut fact := u64(1) mut e := 2.0 mut n := u64(2) for { e0 := e fact *= n n++ e += 1.0 / f64(fact) if math.abs(e - e0) < epsilon { break } } println("e = ${e:.15f}") }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#Wren
Wren
var epsilon = 1e-15 var fact = 1 var e = 2 var n = 2 while (true) { var e0 = e fact = fact * n n = n + 1 e = e + 1/fact if ((e - e0).abs < epsilon) break } System.print("e = %(e)")
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#LFE
LFE
  (defun my-func() (: io format '"I get called with NOTHING!~n"))  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#Picat
Picat
  table factorial(0) = 1.   factorial(N) = N * factorial(N - 1).   catalan1(N) = factorial(2 * N) // (factorial(N + 1) * factorial(N)).   catalan2(0) = 1.   catalan2(N) = 2 * (2 * N - 1) * catalan2(N - 1) // (N + 1).   main => foreach (I in 0..14) printf("%d. %d = %d\n", I, catalan1(I), catalan2(I)) end...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brazilian_numbers
Brazilian numbers
Brazilian numbers are so called as they were first formally presented at the 1994 math Olympiad Olimpiada Iberoamericana de Matematica in Fortaleza, Brazil. Brazilian numbers are defined as: The set of positive integer numbers where each number N has at least one natural number B where 1 < B < N-1 where the represent...
#Rust
Rust
  fn same_digits(x: u64, base: u64) -> bool { let f = x % base; let mut n = x; while n > 0 { if n % base != f { return false; } n /= base; }   true } fn is_brazilian(x: u64) -> bool { if x < 7 { return false; }; if x % 2 == 0 { return t...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#3._Output_configuration
3. Output configuration
WidestFitDimensions[ targetWidth_Integer, columnSpacings_Integer, leftRightBorderWidths:{_Integer,_Integer}, data:{__List?MatrixQ}]:= With[ {widths=Last/@Dimensions/@data, fullWidthOfRow=Total[ArrayPad[Riffle[#,columnSpacings],leftRightBorderWidths,1]]&}, With[ {fullWidthOfGrid=Max[fullWidt...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#REXX
REXX
/*REXX program animates and displays Brownian motion of dust in a field (with one seed).*/ mote = '·' /*character for a loose mote (of dust).*/ hole = ' ' /* " " an empty spot in field.*/ seedPos = 0 ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#Hy
Hy
(import random)   (def +size+ 4) (def +digits+ "123456789") (def +secret+ (random.sample +digits+ +size+))   (while True (while True (setv guess (list (distinct (raw-input "Enter a guess: ")))) (when (and (= (len guess) +size+) (all (map (fn [c] (in c +digits+)) guess))) (break)) (pr...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#Factor
Factor
USING: io kernel locals math sequences unicode.categories ; IN: rosetta-code.caesar-cipher   :: cipher ( n s -- s' ) [| c | c Letter? [ c letter? CHAR: a CHAR: A ? :> a c a - n + 26 mod a + ] [ c ] if ] :> shift s [ shift call ] map ;   : encrypt ( n s -- s' )...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#XPL0
XPL0
real N, E, E0, F; \index, Euler numbers, factorial [Format(1, 16); \show 16 places after decimal point N:= 1.0; E:= 1.0; F:= 1.0; loop [E0:= E; E:= E + 1.0/F; if E = E0 then quit; N:= N + 1.0; F:= F*N; ]; RlOut(0, E); CrLf(0); IntOut(0, fix(N)); Text(0, " ite...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#Zig
Zig
  const std = @import("std"); const math = std.math; const stdout = std.io.getStdOut().writer();   pub fn main() !void { var n: u32 = 0; var state: u2 = 0; var p0: u64 = 0; var q0: u64 = 1; var p1: u64 = 1; var q1: u64 = 0; while (true) { var a: u64 = undefined; switch (state...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#Liberty_BASIC
Liberty BASIC
  'Call a function - Liberty BASIC   'First, function result could not be discarded ' that is, you cannot do "f(x)" as a separate statement   'Calling a function that requires no arguments res = f() 'brackets required   'Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments res = g(x) res = h(x,y) 'Calling a function w...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#PicoLisp
PicoLisp
# Factorial (de fact (N) (if (=0 N) 1 (* N (fact (dec N))) ) )   # Directly (de catalanDir (N) (/ (fact (* 2 N)) (fact (inc N)) (fact N)) )   # Recursively (de catalanRec (N) (if (=0 N) 1 (cache '(NIL) N # Memoize (sum '((I) (* (catalanRec I) (catalanRec (- N I 1))...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brazilian_numbers
Brazilian numbers
Brazilian numbers are so called as they were first formally presented at the 1994 math Olympiad Olimpiada Iberoamericana de Matematica in Fortaleza, Brazil. Brazilian numbers are defined as: The set of positive integer numbers where each number N has at least one natural number B where 1 < B < N-1 where the represent...
#Scala
Scala
object BrazilianNumbers { private val PRIME_LIST = List( 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97, 101, 103, 107, 109, 113, 127, 131, 137, 139, 149, 151, 157, 163, 167, 169, 173, 179, 181, 191, 193, 197, 199, 211, 223, 227, 229, 233, 239, 241, 247, ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#Nim
Nim
import times import strformat   proc printCalendar(year, nCols: int) = var rows = 12 div nCols var date = initDateTime(1, mJan, year, 0, 0, 0, utc()) if rows mod nCols != 0: inc rows var offs = getDayOfWeek(date.monthday, date.month, date.year).int var mons: array[12, array[8, string]] for m in 0..11: ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#Ring
Ring
  # Project : Brownian tree   load "stdlib.ring" load "guilib.ring"   paint = null   new qapp { win1 = new qwidget() { setwindowtitle("") setgeometry(100,100,800,600) label1 = new qlabel(win1) { setgeometry(10,10,800,60...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#Icon_and_Unicon
Icon and Unicon
procedure main() digits := "123456789" every !digits :=: ?digits num := digits[1+:4] repeat if score(num, getGuess(num)) then break write("Good job.") end   procedure getGuess(num) repeat { writes("Enter a guess: ") guess := read() | stop("Quitter!") if *(guess ** '123456...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#Fantom
Fantom
  class Main { static Int shift (Int char, Int key) { newChar := char + key if (char >= 'a' && char <= 'z') { if (newChar - 'a' < 0) { newChar += 26 } if (newChar - 'a' >= 26) { newChar -= 26 } } else if (char >= 'A' && char <= 'Z') { if (newChar - 'A' < 0) { newChar +=...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#zkl
zkl
const EPSILON=1.0e-15; fact,e,n := 1, 2.0, 2; do{ e0:=e; fact*=n; n+=1; e+=1.0/fact; }while((e - e0).abs() >= EPSILON); println("e = %.15f".fmt(e));
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calculating_the_value_of_e
Calculating the value of e
Task Calculate the value of   e. (e   is also known as   Euler's number   and   Napier's constant.) See details: Calculating the value of e
#ZX_Spectrum_Basic
ZX Spectrum Basic
10 LET p=13: REM precision, or the number of terms in the Taylor expansion, from 0 to 33... 20 LET k=1: REM ...the Spectrum's maximum expressible precision is reached at p=13, while... 30 LET e=0: REM ...the factorial can't go any higher than 33 40 FOR x=1 TO p 50 LET e=e+1/k 60 LET k=k*x 70 NEXT x 80 PRINT e 90 PRINT ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#Lingo
Lingo
foo() -- or alternatively: call(#foo, _movie)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#PL.2FI
PL/I
catalan: procedure options (main); /* 23 February 2012 */ declare (i, n) fixed;   put skip list ('How many catalan numbers do you want?'); get list (n);   do i = 0 to n; put skip list (c(i)); end;   c: procedure (n) recursive returns (fixed decimal (15)); declare n fixed;   if n <= 1 then r...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brazilian_numbers
Brazilian numbers
Brazilian numbers are so called as they were first formally presented at the 1994 math Olympiad Olimpiada Iberoamericana de Matematica in Fortaleza, Brazil. Brazilian numbers are defined as: The set of positive integer numbers where each number N has at least one natural number B where 1 < B < N-1 where the represent...
#Sidef
Sidef
func is_Brazilian_prime(q) {   static L = Set() static M = 0   return true if L.has(q) return false if (q < M)   var N = (q<1000 ? 1000 : 2*q)   for K in (primes(3, ilog2(N+1))) { for n in (2 .. iroot(N-1, K-1)) { var p = (n**K - 1)/(n-1) L << p if (p<N && p.is_p...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#OCaml
OCaml
#load "unix.cma"   let lang = "en" (* language: English *)   let usage () = Printf.printf "Usage:\n%s\n" Sys.argv.(0)   let month_pattern = [ [ 0; 4; 8 ]; [ 1; 5; 9 ]; [ 2; 6; 10 ]; [ 3; 7; 11 ];   (* [ 0; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5 ]; [ 6; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11 ];   [ 0; 1; 2; ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#Ruby
Ruby
require 'rubygems' require 'RMagick'   NUM_PARTICLES = 1000 SIZE = 800   def draw_brownian_tree world # set the seed world[rand SIZE][rand SIZE] = 1   NUM_PARTICLES.times do # set particle's position px = rand SIZE py = rand SIZE   loop do # randomly choose a direction dx = ra...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#J
J
require 'misc'   plural=: conjunction define (":m),' ',n,'s'#~1~:m )   bullcow=:monad define number=. 1+4?9 whilst. -.guess-:number do. guess=. 0 "."0 prompt 'Guess my number: ' if. (4~:#guess)+.(4~:#~.guess)+.0 e.guess e.1+i.9 do. if. 0=#guess do. smoutput 'Giving up.' return. ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#Fhidwfe
Fhidwfe
  lowers = ['a','z'] uppers = ['A','Z'] function void caesar_encode(message:ptr key:uint) { len = strlen$ message for uint [0u,len) with index { temp = deref_ubyte$ + message index if in temp lowers { temp = + temp key// shift lowercase letters if > temp 'z' { temp = - temp 26ub } ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#Little
Little
// Calling a function that requires no arguments void foo() {puts("Calling a function with no arguments");} foo();   // Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments abs(-36);   // Calling a function with optional arguments puts(nonewline: "nonewline is an optional argument"); puts("\n");   // Calling a function ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#Plain_TeX
Plain TeX
\newcount\n \newcount\r \newcount\x \newcount\ii   \def\catalan#1{% \n#1\advance\n by1\ii1\r1% \loop{% \x\ii% \multiply\x by 2 \advance\x by -1 \multiply\x by 2% \global\multiply\r by\x% \global\advance\ii by1% \global\divide\r by\ii% } \ifnum\number\ii<\n\repeat% \the\r }   \rightskip=0pt plus1fil\parind...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brazilian_numbers
Brazilian numbers
Brazilian numbers are so called as they were first formally presented at the 1994 math Olympiad Olimpiada Iberoamericana de Matematica in Fortaleza, Brazil. Brazilian numbers are defined as: The set of positive integer numbers where each number N has at least one natural number B where 1 < B < N-1 where the represent...
#Visual_Basic_.NET
Visual Basic .NET
Module Module1   Function sameDigits(ByVal n As Integer, ByVal b As Integer) As Boolean Dim f As Integer = n Mod b : n \= b : While n > 0 If n Mod b <> f Then Return False Else n \= b End While : Return True End Function   Function isBrazilian(ByVal n As Integer) As Boolean ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#Perl
Perl
#!/usr/bin/perl -l   use strict; # https://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar use warnings; use Time::Local;   my $year = shift // 1969; my $width = shift // 80; my $columns = int +($width + 2) / 22 or die "width too short at $width"; print map { center($_, $width), "\n" } '<reserved for snoopy>', $year; my @months = qw( Ja...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#Run_BASIC
Run BASIC
numParticles = 3000 dim canvas(201,201) graphic #g, 200,200 #g fill("blue") canvas(rnd(1) * 100 , rnd(1) * 200) = 1 'start point for i = 1 To numParticles x = (rnd(1) * 199) + 1 y = (rnd(1) * 199) + 1 while canvas(x+1, y+1)+canvas(x, y+1)+canvas(x+1, y)+canvas(x-1, y-1)+canvas(x-1, y)+canvas(x, y-1) = 0 ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#Java
Java
import java.util.InputMismatchException; import java.util.Random; import java.util.Scanner;   public class BullsAndCows{ public static void main(String[] args){ Random gen= new Random(); int target; while(hasDupes(target= (gen.nextInt(9000) + 1000))); String targetStr = target +""; boolean guessed = false; ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#Forth
Forth
: ceasar ( c n -- c ) over 32 or [char] a - dup 0 26 within if over + 25 > if 26 - then + else 2drop then ;   : ceasar-string ( n str len -- ) over + swap do i c@ over ceasar i c! loop drop ;   : ceasar-inverse ( n -- 'n ) 26 swap - 26 mod ;   2variable test s" The five boxing wizards jump quickly!" test 2!...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#Lua
Lua
-- Lua functions accept any number of arguments; missing arguments are nil-padded, extras are dropped. function fixed (a, b, c) print(a, b, c) end fixed() --> nil nil nil fixed(1, 2, 3, 4, 5) --> 1 2 3   -- True vararg functions include a trailing ... parameter, which captures all additional arguments as a group of val...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#PowerShell
PowerShell
  function Catalan([uint64]$m) { function fact([bigint]$n) { if($n -lt 2) {[bigint]::one} else{2..$n | foreach -Begin {$prod = [bigint]::one} -Process {$prod = [bigint]::Multiply($prod,$_)} -End {$prod}} } $fact = fact $m $fact1 = [bigint]::Multiply($m+1,$fact) [bigint]::divide((fact...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brazilian_numbers
Brazilian numbers
Brazilian numbers are so called as they were first formally presented at the 1994 math Olympiad Olimpiada Iberoamericana de Matematica in Fortaleza, Brazil. Brazilian numbers are defined as: The set of positive integer numbers where each number N has at least one natural number B where 1 < B < N-1 where the represent...
#Vlang
Vlang
fn same_digits(nn int, b int) bool { f := nn % b mut n := nn/b for n > 0 { if n%b != f { return false } n /= b } return true }   fn is_brazilian(n int) bool { if n < 7 { return false } if n%2 == 0 && n >= 8 { return true } for b...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#Phix
Phix
with javascript_semantics constant year = 1969 include builtins\timedate.e function centre(string s, integer width) integer gap = width-length(s), left = floor(gap/2), right = gap-left return repeat(' ',left) & s & repeat(' ',right) end function function one_month(integer year, int...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#Rust
Rust
  extern crate image; extern crate rand;   use image::ColorType;   use std::cmp::{min, max}; use std::env; use std::path::Path; use std::process; use rand::Rng;   fn help() { println!("Usage: brownian_tree <output_path> <mote_count> <edge_length>"); }   fn main() { let args: Vec<String> = env::args().collect();...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#JavaScript
JavaScript
#!/usr/bin/env js   function main() { var len = 4; playBullsAndCows(len); }   function playBullsAndCows(len) { var num = pickNum(len); // print('The secret number is:\n ' + num.join('\n ')); showInstructions(len); var nGuesses = 0; while (true) { nGuesses++; var guess = get...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#Fortran
Fortran
program Caesar_Cipher implicit none   integer, parameter :: key = 3 character(43) :: message = "The five boxing wizards jump quickly"   write(*, "(2a)") "Original message = ", message call encrypt(message) write(*, "(2a)") "Encrypted message = ", message call decrypt(message) write(*, "(2a)") "Dec...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#Luck
Luck
/* Calling a function that requires no arguments */ f();;   /* Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments */ f(1,2);;   /* Calling a function with optional arguments Note: defining the function is cumbersome but will get easier in future versions. */ f(1,2,new {default with x=3, y=4});;   /* Calling a func...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#Prolog
Prolog
catalan(N) :- length(L1, N), L = [1 | L1], init(1,1,L1), numlist(0, N, NL), maplist(my_write, NL, L).     init(_, _, []).   init(V, N, [H | T]) :- N1 is N+1, H is 2 * (2 * N - 1) * V / N1, init(H, N1, T).   my_write(N, V) :- format('~w : ~w~n', [N, V]).
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brazilian_numbers
Brazilian numbers
Brazilian numbers are so called as they were first formally presented at the 1994 math Olympiad Olimpiada Iberoamericana de Matematica in Fortaleza, Brazil. Brazilian numbers are defined as: The set of positive integer numbers where each number N has at least one natural number B where 1 < B < N-1 where the represent...
#Wren
Wren
import "/math" for Int   var sameDigits = Fn.new { |n, b| var f = n % b n = (n/b).floor while (n > 0) { if (n%b != f) return false n = (n/b).floor } return true }   var isBrazilian = Fn.new { |n| if (n < 7) return false if (n%2 == 0 && n >= 8) return true for (b in 2...n-...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#Phixmonti
Phixmonti
include ..\Utilitys.pmt   32 var space   def bksp /# -- backspace #/ 8 tochar print enddef   def floor .5 + int enddef   def center tostr align enddef   def startday /# year -- day of the week of january 1 #/ 1 - >ps tps 365 * tps 4 / floor + tps 100 / floor - ps> 400 / floor + 7 mod enddef   ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#Scala
Scala
import java.awt.Graphics import java.awt.image.BufferedImage   import javax.swing.JFrame   import scala.collection.mutable.ListBuffer   object BrownianTree extends App { val rand = scala.util.Random   class BrownianTree extends JFrame("Brownian Tree") with Runnable { setBounds(100, 100, 400, 300) val img = ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#Julia
Julia
function cowsbulls() print("Welcome to Cows & Bulls! I've picked a number with unique digits between 1 and 9, go ahead and type your guess.\n You get one bull for every right number in the right position.\n You get one cow for every right number, but in the wrong position.\n Enter 'n' to pick a new number and 'q...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#FreeBASIC
FreeBASIC
' FB 1.05.0 Win64   Sub Encrypt(s As String, key As Integer) Dim c As Integer For i As Integer = 0 To Len(s) Select Case As Const s[i] Case 65 To 90 c = s[i] + key If c > 90 Then c -= 26 s[i] = c Case 97 To 122 c = s[i] + key If c > 122 Then c -= 26 ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#M2000_Interpreter
M2000 Interpreter
// Calling a function that requires no arguments ModuleA ' introduce a namespace can have modules/functions/subs, anything inside, and threads. Call FunctionA() ' introduce a namespace can have modules/functions/subs, anything inside. Call LambdaA() ' introduce a namespace can have modules/functions/subs, anyt...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#PureBasic
PureBasic
; saving the division for last ensures we divide the largest ; numerator by the smallest denominator   Procedure.q CatalanNumber(n.q) If n<0:ProcedureReturn 0:EndIf If n=0:ProcedureReturn 1:EndIf ProcedureReturn (2*(2*n-1))*CatalanNumber(n-1)/(n+1) EndProcedure   ls=25 rs=12   a.s="" a.s+LSet(RSet("n",rs),ls)+"CatalanN...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brazilian_numbers
Brazilian numbers
Brazilian numbers are so called as they were first formally presented at the 1994 math Olympiad Olimpiada Iberoamericana de Matematica in Fortaleza, Brazil. Brazilian numbers are defined as: The set of positive integer numbers where each number N has at least one natural number B where 1 < B < N-1 where the represent...
#zkl
zkl
fcn isBrazilian(n){ foreach b in ([2..n-2]){ f,m := n%b, n/b; while(m){ if((m % b)!=f) continue(2); m/=b; } return(True); } False } fcn isBrazilianW(n){ isBrazilian(n) and n or Void.Skip }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#PicoLisp
PicoLisp
(de cal (Year) (prinl "====== " Year " ======") (for Dat (range (date Year 1 1) (date Year 12 31)) (let D (date Dat) (tab (3 3 4 8) (when (= 1 (caddr D)) (get *Mon (cadr D)) ) (caddr D) (day Dat *Day) (when (=0 (% (inc Dat) 7)) ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#Scheme
Scheme
; Save bitmap to external file (define (save-pbm bitmap filename) (define f (open-output-file filename)) (simple-format f "P1\n~A ~A\n" (list-ref (array-dimensions bitmap) 0) (list-ref (array-dimensions bitmap) 1)) (do ((c 0 (+ c 1))) ((eqv? c (list-ref (array-dimensions bitmap) 1))) (do ((r 0 (+ r 1))) ((eqv? ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#Kotlin
Kotlin
// version 1.1.2   import java.util.Random   const val MAX_GUESSES = 20 // say   fun main(args: Array<String>) { val r = Random() var num: String // generate a 4 digit random number from 1234 to 9876 with no zeros or repeated digits do { num = (1234 + r.nextInt(8643)).toString() } while ('0...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#Gambas
Gambas
Public Sub Main() Dim byKey As Byte = 3 'The key (Enter 26 to get the same output as input) Dim byCount As Byte 'Counter Dim sCeasar As String = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQR...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#Maple
Maple
f()
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#Python
Python
from math import factorial import functools     def memoize(func): cache = {}   def memoized(key): # Returned, new, memoized version of decorated function if key not in cache: cache[key] = func(key) return cache[key] return functools.update_wrapper(memoized, func)     @me...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#Pike
Pike
#!/bin/env pike   int main(int argc, array(string) argv) { object cal = Calendar; object year; string region = "us";   array date = argv[1..]; if (sizeof(date) && objectp(Calendar[date[0]]) && Calendar[date[0]]->Day) { cal = Calendar[date[0]]; date = Array.shift(date)[1]; }  ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#Seed7
Seed7
$ include "seed7_05.s7i"; include "draw.s7i"; include "keybd.s7i";   const integer: SIZE is 300; const integer: SCALE is 1;   const proc: genBrownianTree (in integer: fieldSize, in integer: numParticles) is func local var array array integer: world is 0 times 0 times 0; var integer: px is 0; var integ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#SequenceL
SequenceL
import <Utilities/Random.sl>; import <Utilities/Sequence.sl>;   POINT ::= (X: int, Y: int); RET_VAL ::= (World: int(2), Rand: RandomGenerator<int, int>, Point: POINT);   randomWalk(x, y, world(2), rand) := let randX := getRandom(rand); randY := getRandom(randX.Generator); nextX := x + (randX.Value mod 3) - 1; ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#Lasso
Lasso
[ define randomizer() => { local(n = string) while(#n->size < 4) => { local(r = integer_random(1,9)->asString) #n !>> #r ? #n->append(#r) } return #n } define cowbullchecker(n::string,a::string) => { integer(#n) == integer(#a) ? return (:true,map('cows'=0,'bulls'=4,'choice'=#a)) local(cowbull = map('cows'=0,'...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#GAP
GAP
CaesarCipher := function(s, n) local r, c, i, lower, upper; lower := "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"; upper := "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"; r := ""; for c in s do i := Position(lower, c); if i <> fail then Add(r, lower[RemInt(i + n - 1, 26) + 1]); else i := Position(upper, c); if i <> fail then Ad...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#Mathematica_.2F_Wolfram_Language
Mathematica / Wolfram Language
f[]
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#MATLAB_.2F_Octave
MATLAB / Octave
  % Calling a function that requires no arguments function a=foo(); a=4; end; x = foo(); % Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments function foo(a,b,c); %% function definition; end; foo(x,y,z); % Calling a function with optional argu...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#Quackery
Quackery
[ 1 over times [ over i 1+ + * ] nip ] is 2n!/n! ( n --> n )   [ times [ i 1+ / ] ] is /n! ( n --> n )   [ dup 2n!/n! swap 1+ /n! ] is catalan ( n --> n )   15 times [ i^ dup echo say " : " catalan echo cr ]
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#PL.2FI
PL/I
  calendar: procedure (year) options (main); declare year character (4) varying; declare (a, b, c) (0:5,0:6) character (3); declare name_month(12) static character (9) varying initial ( 'JANUARY', 'FEBRUARY', 'MARCH', 'APRIL', 'MAY', 'JUNE', 'JULY', 'AUGUST', 'SEPTEMBER', 'OCTOBER',...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#Sidef
Sidef
const size = 100 const mid = size>>1 const particlenum = 1000   var map = [] var spawnradius = 5   func set(x, y) { map[x][y] = 1 }   func get(x, y) { map[x][y] \\ 0 }   set(mid, mid)   var blocks = [ " ", "\N{UPPER HALF BLOCK}", "\N{LOWER HALF BLOCK}", "\N{FULL BLOCK}" ]   func block(a, b) { ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#Liberty_BASIC
Liberty BASIC
    do while len( secret$) <4 c$ =chr$( int( rnd( 1) *9) +49) if not( instr( secret$, c$)) then secret$ =secret$ +c$ loop   print " Secret number has been guessed.... "; secret$   guesses = 0   [loop] ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#GFA_Basic
GFA Basic
  ' ' Caesar cypher ' OPENW 1 ! Creates a window for handling input/output CLEARW 1 INPUT "string to encrypt ";text$ INPUT "encryption key ";key% encrypted$=@encrypt$(UPPER$(text$),key%) PRINT "Encrypted: ";encrypted$ PRINT "Decrypted: ";@decrypt$(encrypted$,key%) ' PRINT "(Press any key to end program.)" ~INP(2) CL...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#Nanoquery
Nanoquery
// function with no arguments no_args()   // function with fixed amount of arguments three_args(a, b, c)   // nanoquery does not support optional, variable, or named arguments   // obtaining a return value value = returns_value()   // checking if a function called "func" is user-defined try type(func) p...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#Nemerle
Nemerle
// no arguments f()   // fixed arguments def f(a, b) { ... } // as an aside, functions defined with 'def' use type inference for parameters and return types f(1, 'a')   // optional arguments def f(a, b = 0) { ... } f("hello") f("goodbye", 2) f("hey", b = 2) // using the name makes more sense if there's more than one op...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#R
R
catalan <- function(n) choose(2*n, n)/(n + 1) catalan(0:15) [1] 1 1 2 5 14 42 132 429 1430 [10] 4862 16796 58786 208012 742900 2674440 9694845
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#PowerShell
PowerShell
  Param([int]$Year = 1969) Begin { $COL_WIDTH = 21 $COLS = 3 $MONTH_COUNT = 12 $MONTH_LINES = 9   Function CenterStr([string]$s, [int]$lineSize) { $padSize = [int](($lineSize - $s.Length) / 2) ($(if ($padSize -gt 0) { ' ' * $padSize } else { '' }) + $s).PadRight($lineSize,' ') } ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Brownian_tree
Brownian tree
Brownian tree You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Generate and draw a   Brownian Tree. A Brownian Tree is generated as a result of an initial seed, followed by the interaction of two processes. The initial "seed" is placed somewhere wi...
#Simula
Simula
BEGIN INTEGER NUM_PARTICLES; INTEGER LINES, COLUMNS; INTEGER SEED;   NUM_PARTICLES := 1000; LINES := 46; COLUMNS := 80; SEED := ININT; BEGIN   PROCEDURE DRAW_BROWNIAN_TREE(WORLD); INTEGER ARRAY WORLD; BEGIN INTEGER PX, PY; COMMENT PARTICLE VALUES ; ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Bulls_and_cows
Bulls and cows
Bulls and Cows Task Create a four digit random number from the digits   1   to   9,   without duplication. The program should:   ask for guesses to this number   reject guesses that are malformed   print the score for the guess The score is computed as: The player wins if the guess is the same as the random...
#Logo
Logo
to ok? :n output (and [number? :n] [4 = count :n] [4 = count remdup :n] [not member? 0 :n]) end   to init do.until [make "hidden random 10000] [ok? :hidden] end   to guess :n if not ok? :n [print [Bad guess! (4 unique digits, 1-9)] stop] localmake "bulls 0 localmake "cows 0 foreach :n [cond [ [[? = it...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher
Caesar cipher
Task Implement a Caesar cipher, both encoding and decoding. The key is an integer from 1 to 25. This cipher rotates (either towards left or right) the letters of the alphabet (A to Z). The encoding replaces each letter with the 1st to 25th next letter in the alphabet (wrapping Z to A). So key 2 encrypts "HI" to...
#Go
Go
package main   import ( "fmt" "strings" )   type ckey struct { enc, dec func(rune) rune }   func newCaesar(k int) (*ckey, bool) { if k < 1 || k > 25 { return nil, false } rk := rune(k) return &ckey{ enc: func(c rune) rune { if c >= 'a' && c <= 'z'-rk || c >= 'A' &...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#Nim
Nim
proc no_args() = discard # call no_args()   proc fixed_args(x, y) = echo x echo y # calls fixed_args(1, 2) # x=1, y=2 fixed_args 1, 2 # same call 1.fixed_args(2) # same call     proc opt_args(x=1.0) = echo x # calls opt_args() # 1 opt_args(3.141) # 3.141   proc var_ar...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Call_a_function
Call a function
Task Demonstrate the different syntax and semantics provided for calling a function. This may include:   Calling a function that requires no arguments   Calling a function with a fixed number of arguments   Calling a function with optional arguments   Calling a function with a variable number of arguments   C...
#OCaml
OCaml
f ()
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Catalan_numbers
Catalan numbers
Catalan numbers You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers which can be defined directly: C n = 1 n + 1 ( 2 n n ) = ( 2 n ) ! ( n + 1 ) ! n !  for  n ≥ 0. {\displaystyle C...
#Racket
Racket
#lang racket (require planet2) ; (install "this-and-that")  ; uncomment to install (require memoize/memo)   (define/memo* (catalan m) (if (= m 0) 1 (for/sum ([i m]) (* (catalan i) (catalan (- m i 1))))))   (map catalan (range 1 15))
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Calendar
Calendar
Create a routine that will generate a text calendar for any year. Test the calendar by generating a calendar for the year 1969, on a device of the time. Choose one of the following devices: A line printer with a width of 132 characters. An IBM 3278 model 4 terminal (80×43 display with accented characters). Target fo...
#Prolog
Prolog
% Write out the calender, because format can actually span multiple lines, it is easier % to write out the static parts in place and insert the generated parts into that format. write_calendar(Year) :- month_x3_format(Year, 1, 2, 3, F1_3), month_x3_format(Year, 4, 5, 6, F4_6), month_x3_format(Year, 7, 8, 9, F7_9), ...