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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madarosis | disease | Madarosis | Madarosis is a condition that results in the loss of eyelashes, and sometimes eyebrows. The term "madarosis" is Greek for the word "madao" which means "to fall off." It originally was a disease of only losing eyelashes but it currently is the loss of both eyelashes and eyebrows. Eyebrows and eyelashes are both importan... | Madarosis is not a critical or severe condition. The main symptom and sign of madarosis is the loss of hair from the eyelids, eyebrows, or eyelashes. Many symptoms are from other diseases involved.
- Swollen, itchy, red, burning eyelids
- Loss of hair from other parts of the body, mainly the scalp
- Weight gain or palp... | [
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banti's_syndrome | disease | Banti's syndrome | Banti's syndrome (also known as Banti's disease), named for is Guido Banti., is a chronic congestive enlargement of the spleen resulting in premature destruction of the red blood cells by the spleen.
| Enlargement of spleen, ascites, jaundice, and the result of destruction of various blood cells by spleen – anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal bleeding – may constitute the presenting symptoms.
The basic pathology is some kind of obstructive pathology in the portal, hepatic or splenic vein that cause... | [
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchitis | disease | Bronchitis | Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchi (large and medium-sized airways) in the lungs. Symptoms include coughing up mucus, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest discomfort. Bronchitis is divided into two types: acute and chronic. Acute bronchitis is also known as a chest cold.
Acute bronchitis usually has a cough ... | Acute bronchitis, also known as a chest cold, is short term inflammation of the bronchi of the lungs. The most common symptom is a cough. Other symptoms include coughing up mucus, wheezing, shortness of breath, fever, and chest discomfort. The infection may last from a few to ten days. The cough may persist for several... | [
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familial_amyloid_neuropathy | disease | Familial amyloid neuropathy | The familial amyloid neuropathies (or familial amyloidotic neuropathies, neuropathic heredofamilial amyloidosis, familial amyloid polyneuropathy) are a rare group of autosomal dominant diseases wherein the autonomic nervous system and/or other nerves are compromised by protein aggregation and/or amyloid fibril formatio... | The aggregation of one precursor protein leads to peripheral neuropathy and/or autonomic nervous system dysfunction. These proteins include: transthyretin (ATTR, the most commonly implicated protein), apolipoprotein A1, and gelsolin.
Due to the rareness of the other types of familial neuropathies, transthyretin amyloid... | [
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auditory_agnosia | disease | Auditory agnosia | Auditory agnosia is a form of agnosia that manifests itself primarily in the inability to recognize or differentiate between sounds. It is not a defect of the ear or "hearing", but a neurological inability of the brain to process sound meaning. It is a disruption of the "what" pathway in the brain. Persons with auditor... | There are three primary distinctions of auditory agnosia that fall into two categories.
This type of auditory agnosia is caused by lesions to the left hemisphere of the brain, specifically the temporal lobes and Wernicke's area.
Linguistic (or verbal information or Wernicke's) agnosia indicates that the subject can't c... | [
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"sectionHeading": "Types of auditory agnosia | Semantic-associative... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/49,XXXXY | disease | 49,XXXXY | 49,XXXXY syndrome is an extremely rare aneuploidic sex chromosomal abnormality. It occurs in approximately 1 out of 85,000 to 100,000 males.
| Aneuploidy is often fatal, but in this case there is "X-inactivation" where the effect of the additional gene dosage due to the presence of extra X chromosomes is greatly reduced.
Much like Down syndrome, the mental effects of 49,XXXXY syndrome vary. Impaired speech and behavioral problems are typical. Those with 49,XX... | [
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autotopagnosia | disease | Autotopagnosia | Autotopagnosia from the Greek a and gnosis, meaning "without knowledge", topos meaning "place", and auto meaning "oneself", autotopagnosia virtually translates to the "lack of knowledge about one's own space," and is clinically described as such.
Autotopagnosia is a form of agnosia, characterized by an inability to loc... | Due to the subjective nature of autotopagnosia, there are many hypotheses presented as to the underlying causation. Since the condition by definition is an inability to recognize the human body and its parts, the disorder could stem from a language deficit specific to body parts. On the other hand, the patient could su... | [
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"sectionHeading": "Causes | Brain Lesions",
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathologic_fracture | disease | Pathologic fracture | A pathologic fracture is a bone fracture caused by disease that led to weakness of the bone structure. This process is most commonly due to osteoporosis, but may also be due to other pathologies such as: cancer, infection (such as osteomyelitis), inherited bone disorders, or a bone cyst. Only a small number of conditio... | Pathologic fractures in children and adolescents can result from a diverse array of disorders namely; metabolic, endocrine, neoplastic, infectious, immunologic, and genetic skeletal dysplasias.
- Osteogenesis imperfecta
- Primary hyperparathyroidism
- Simple bone cyst
- Aneurismal bone cyst
- Disuse osteoporosis
- Chr... | [
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamartoma | disease | Hamartoma | A hamartoma is a mostly benign, focal malformation that resembles a neoplasm in the tissue of its origin. While traditionally considered developmental malformation, many hamartomas have clonal chromosomal aberrations that are acquired through somatic mutations and on this basis are now considered to be neoplastic. It g... | Hamartomas result from an abnormal formation of normal tissue, although the underlying reasons for the abnormality are not fully understood. They grow along with, and at the same rate as, the organ from whose tissue they are made, and, unlike cancerous tumors, only rarely invade or compress surrounding structures signi... | [
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"sectionHeading": "Diagnosis | Types | Lung",
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraparenchymal_hemorrhage | disease | Intraparenchymal hemorrhage | Intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH) is one form of intracerebral bleeding in which there is bleeding within brain parenchyma. The other form is intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH).
Intraparenchymal hemorrhage accounts for approx. 8-13% of all strokes and results from a wide spectrum of disorders. It is more likely to resul... | Clinical manifestations of intraparenchymal hemorrhage are determined by the size and location of hemorrhage, but may include the following:
- Hypertension, fever, or cardiac arrhythmias
- Nuchal rigidity
- Subhyaloid retinal hemorrhages
- Altered level of consciousness
- Anisocoria, Nystagmus
- Focal neurological defi... | [
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drusen | disease | Drusen | Drusen, from the German word for node or geode (singular, "Druse"), are tiny yellow or white accumulations of extracellular material that build up between Bruch's membrane and the retinal pigment epithelium of the eye. The presence of a few small ("hard") drusen is normal with advancing age, and most people over 40 hav... | Drusen are associated with aging and macular degeneration are distinct from another clinical entity, optic disc drusen, which is present on the optic nerve head. Both age-related drusen and optic disc drusen can be observed by ophthalmoscopy. Optical coherence tomography scans of the orbits or head, calcification at th... | [
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammary_myofibroblastoma | disease | Mammary myofibroblastoma | Mammary myofibroblastoma, abbreviated MMFB, (aka "Wargotz tumor") is a rare, benign tumor of the breast.
| These tumors are painless masses that manifest as breast lumps and may be found on a mammogram.
The diagnosis is based on examination under a microscope, by a pathologist. Radiologic findings may be suggestive, as these tumors are well-circumscribed and devoid of calcifications.
Myofibroblastoma of the breast, first de... | [
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volvulus | disease | Volvulus | A volvulus is when a loop of intestine twists around itself and the mesentery that supports it, resulting in a bowel obstruction. Symptoms include abdominal pain, abdominal bloating, vomiting, constipation, and bloody stool. Onset of symptoms may be rapid or more gradual. The mesentery may become so tightly twisted tha... | Regardless of cause, volvulus causes symptoms by two mechanisms:
- Bowel obstruction manifested as abdominal distension and bilious vomiting.
- Ischemia (loss of blood flow) to the affected portion of intestine.
Depending on the location of the volvulus, symptoms may vary. For example, in patients with a cecal volvulu... | [
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