cleanorlabs/cleanor-storage-lab

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pretty_name: "Cleanor Storage Lab" license: cc-by-4.0 language: - en tags: - image-compression - avif - webp - jpeg-xl - heic - cloud-storage - benchmark - open-data size_categories: - n<1K configs: - config_name: compression-benchmark data_files: compression-benchmark.csv - config_name: heic-tax data_files: heic-tax-benchmark.csv - config_name: nextgen-formats data_files: nextgen-formats-benchmark.csv - config_name: cloud-price-index data_files: cloud-price-index.csv - config_name: photo-storage-capacity data_files: photo-storage-capacity.csv - config_name: video-codec-benchmark data_files: video-codec-benchmark.csv - config_name: video-codec-summary data_files: video-codec-summary.csv - config_name: app-size-index data_files: app-size-index.csv - config_name: storage-upgrade-tax data_files: storage-upgrade-tax.csv - config_name: gif-format-benchmark data_files: gif-format-benchmark.csv - config_name: lossless-recompression data_files: lossless-recompression.csv - config_name: font-format-weight data_files: font-format-weight.csv - config_name: svg-minify data_files: svg-minify.csv - config_name: pdf-compression data_files: pdf-compression.csv

Cleanor Storage Lab

Reproducible benchmarks and open datasets on image compression (JPEG / WebP / AVIF / JPEG XL), the HEIC-to-JPG size tax, cloud storage price per GB, and phone storage capacity.

Every number is generated by a script you can re-run yourself. Image benchmarks run on the Kodak and public high-resolution phone-photo corpora, encoded with libvips/sharp, libjxl and libheif, and scored with SSIM + PSNR against the lossless master.

Highlights (quick answers)

• AVIF vs JPEG: at identical quality (SSIM 0.95), AVIF is ~41% smaller than JPEG; WebP ~13% smaller.
• HEIC to JPG at matched quality makes a photo corpus ~2.5x bigger (to PNG, ~5.5x) — the "HEIC tax".
• Xvid/DivX vs modern video codecs: Xvid needs ~4x the bitrate of H.264 and ~8.9x AV1 at the same quality.
• GIF vs MP4: the same clip is 44-91x smaller as an MP4 than a GIF.
• App sizes: the median popular iOS app is ~400 MB to download; TikTok is 936 MB.
• Storage upgrade tax: makers charge ~$0.78/GB to add storage, ~13x the ~$0.06/GB flash cost.
• Lossless recompression: oxipng shrinks a PNG ~10%, jpegtran a JPEG ~6%, bit-identical.
• Fonts: a WOFF2 is ~40% of the TTF; subset to Latin, ~11%.
• PDF: Ghostscript /ebook cuts ~70% (lossy, text kept); qpdf ~13% lossless.

Files

File	What it is
compression-benchmark.csv	Per-image JPEG/WebP/AVIF size + SSIM/PSNR across quality levels
heic-tax-benchmark.csv	HEIC vs matched JPG/PNG size at equal quality
nextgen-formats-benchmark.csv	JPEG XL vs AVIF/WebP
cloud-price-index.csv	Consumer cloud storage $/GB by provider and tier
photo-storage-capacity.csv	How many photos fit per GB at common resolutions
video-codec-benchmark.csv / video-codec-summary.csv	Xvid/DivX vs H.264/HEVC/AV1/VP9 bitrate at matched SSIM
app-size-index.csv	App Store download size of 40 popular iOS apps (date-stamped)
storage-upgrade-tax.csv	What makers charge to add storage vs flash cost (5-13x markup)
gif-format-benchmark.csv	Same clip as GIF/APNG/MP4/WebM: bytes + ratio vs GIF
lossless-recompression.csv	Lossless PNG/JPEG recompression savings (oxipng, jpegtran)
font-format-weight.csv	TTF vs WOFF vs WOFF2 vs Latin-subset
svg-minify.csv	SVGO + gzip savings on SVGs
pdf-compression.csv	Ghostscript (lossy) vs qpdf (lossless), with text-preservation check

Sources & docs

• Cite: DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21217372 (concept DOI, all versions)
• Code + harness: https://github.com/cleanor-app/cleanor-storage-lab
• Open datasets catalog: https://cleanor.app/research/open-datasets
• Human-readable studies with charts: https://cleanor.app/research

License

Data: CC BY 4.0 (attribution required). Code in the source repo: MIT.

Citation

Cleanor Labs. Storage Lab: Open Image-Compression & Cloud-Storage Datasets. 2026. https://cleanor.app/research