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class StringAgg(expression, delimiter, distinct=False, filter=None, default=None, ordering=()) Returns the input values concatenated into a string, separated by the delimiter string, or default if there are no values. delimiter Required argument. Needs to be a string. distinct An optional boolean argument t...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.aggregates#django.contrib.postgres.aggregates.StringAgg
delimiter Required argument. Needs to be a string.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.aggregates#django.contrib.postgres.aggregates.StringAgg.delimiter
distinct An optional boolean argument that determines if concatenated values will be distinct. Defaults to False.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.aggregates#django.contrib.postgres.aggregates.StringAgg.distinct
ordering An optional string of a field name (with an optional "-" prefix which indicates descending order) or an expression (or a tuple or list of strings and/or expressions) that specifies the ordering of the elements in the result string. Examples are the same as for ArrayAgg.ordering.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.aggregates#django.contrib.postgres.aggregates.StringAgg.ordering
class ExclusionConstraint(*, name, expressions, index_type=None, condition=None, deferrable=None, include=None, opclasses=()) Creates an exclusion constraint in the database. Internally, PostgreSQL implements exclusion constraints using indexes. The default index type is GiST. To use them, you need to activate the bt...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.constraints#django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint
ExclusionConstraint.condition
django.ref.contrib.postgres.constraints#django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint.condition
ExclusionConstraint.deferrable
django.ref.contrib.postgres.constraints#django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint.deferrable
ExclusionConstraint.expressions
django.ref.contrib.postgres.constraints#django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint.expressions
ExclusionConstraint.include
django.ref.contrib.postgres.constraints#django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint.include
ExclusionConstraint.index_type
django.ref.contrib.postgres.constraints#django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint.index_type
ExclusionConstraint.name
django.ref.contrib.postgres.constraints#django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint.name
ExclusionConstraint.opclasses
django.ref.contrib.postgres.constraints#django.contrib.postgres.constraints.ExclusionConstraint.opclasses
class ArraySubquery(queryset)
django.ref.contrib.postgres.expressions#django.contrib.postgres.expressions.ArraySubquery
class ArrayField(base_field, size=None, **options) A field for storing lists of data. Most field types can be used, and you pass another field instance as the base_field. You may also specify a size. ArrayField can be nested to store multi-dimensional arrays. If you give the field a default, ensure it’s a callable su...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.ArrayField
base_field This is a required argument. Specifies the underlying data type and behavior for the array. It should be an instance of a subclass of Field. For example, it could be an IntegerField or a CharField. Most field types are permitted, with the exception of those handling relational data (ForeignKey, OneToOneFie...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.ArrayField.base_field
size This is an optional argument. If passed, the array will have a maximum size as specified. This will be passed to the database, although PostgreSQL at present does not enforce the restriction.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.ArrayField.size
class BigIntegerRangeField(**options) Stores a range of large integers. Based on a BigIntegerField. Represented by an int8range in the database and a NumericRange in Python. Regardless of the bounds specified when saving the data, PostgreSQL always returns a range in a canonical form that includes the lower bound and...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.BigIntegerRangeField
class CICharField(**options)
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.CICharField
class CIEmailField(**options)
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.CIEmailField
class CIText(**options) A mixin to create case-insensitive text fields backed by the citext type. Read about the performance considerations prior to using it. To use citext, use the CITextExtension operation to set up the citext extension in PostgreSQL before the first CreateModel migration operation. If you’re using...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.CIText
class CITextField(**options) These fields subclass CharField, EmailField, and TextField, respectively. max_length won’t be enforced in the database since citext behaves similar to PostgreSQL’s text type.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.CITextField
class DateRangeField(**options) Stores a range of dates. Based on a DateField. Represented by a daterange in the database and a DateRange in Python. Regardless of the bounds specified when saving the data, PostgreSQL always returns a range in a canonical form that includes the lower bound and excludes the upper bound...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.DateRangeField
class DateTimeRangeField(**options) Stores a range of timestamps. Based on a DateTimeField. Represented by a tstzrange in the database and a DateTimeTZRange in Python.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.DateTimeRangeField
class DecimalRangeField(**options) Stores a range of floating point values. Based on a DecimalField. Represented by a numrange in the database and a NumericRange in Python.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.DecimalRangeField
class django.contrib.postgres.forms.BaseRangeField Base class for form range fields. base_field The form field to use. range_type The psycopg2 range type to use.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.django.contrib.postgres.forms.BaseRangeField
base_field The form field to use.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.django.contrib.postgres.forms.BaseRangeField.base_field
range_type The psycopg2 range type to use.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.django.contrib.postgres.forms.BaseRangeField.range_type
class HStoreField(**options) A field for storing key-value pairs. The Python data type used is a dict. Keys must be strings, and values may be either strings or nulls (None in Python). To use this field, you’ll need to: Add 'django.contrib.postgres' in your INSTALLED_APPS. Set up the hstore extension in PostgreSQL....
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.HStoreField
class IntegerRangeField(**options) Stores a range of integers. Based on an IntegerField. Represented by an int4range in the database and a NumericRange in Python. Regardless of the bounds specified when saving the data, PostgreSQL always returns a range in a canonical form that includes the lower bound and excludes t...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.IntegerRangeField
class RangeBoundary(inclusive_lower=True, inclusive_upper=False) inclusive_lower If True (default), the lower bound is inclusive '[', otherwise it’s exclusive '('. inclusive_upper If False (default), the upper bound is exclusive ')', otherwise it’s inclusive ']'.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.RangeBoundary
inclusive_lower If True (default), the lower bound is inclusive '[', otherwise it’s exclusive '('.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.RangeBoundary.inclusive_lower
inclusive_upper If False (default), the upper bound is exclusive ')', otherwise it’s inclusive ']'.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.RangeBoundary.inclusive_upper
class RangeField(**options) Base class for model range fields. base_field The model field class to use. range_type The psycopg2 range type to use. form_field The form field class to use. Should be a subclass of django.contrib.postgres.forms.BaseRangeField.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.RangeField
base_field The model field class to use.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.RangeField.base_field
form_field The form field class to use. Should be a subclass of django.contrib.postgres.forms.BaseRangeField.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.RangeField.form_field
range_type The psycopg2 range type to use.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.RangeField.range_type
class RangeOperators
django.ref.contrib.postgres.fields#django.contrib.postgres.fields.RangeOperators
class DateRangeField Based on DateField and translates its input into DateRange. Default for DateRangeField.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.DateRangeField
class DateTimeRangeField Based on DateTimeField and translates its input into DateTimeTZRange. Default for DateTimeRangeField.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.DateTimeRangeField
class DecimalRangeField Based on DecimalField and translates its input into NumericRange. Default for DecimalRangeField.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.DecimalRangeField
class HStoreField A field which accepts JSON encoded data for an HStoreField. It casts all values (except nulls) to strings. It is represented by an HTML <textarea>. User friendly forms HStoreField is not particularly user friendly in most cases, however it is a useful way to format data from a client-side widget fo...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.HStoreField
class IntegerRangeField Based on IntegerField and translates its input into NumericRange. Default for IntegerRangeField and BigIntegerRangeField.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.IntegerRangeField
class RangeWidget(base_widget, attrs=None) Widget used by all of the range fields. Based on MultiWidget. RangeWidget has one required argument: base_widget A RangeWidget comprises a 2-tuple of base_widget. decompress(value) Takes a single “compressed” value of a field, for example a DateRangeField, and retu...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.RangeWidget
base_widget A RangeWidget comprises a 2-tuple of base_widget.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.RangeWidget.base_widget
decompress(value) Takes a single “compressed” value of a field, for example a DateRangeField, and returns a tuple representing a lower and upper bound.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.RangeWidget.decompress
class SimpleArrayField(base_field, delimiter=', ', max_length=None, min_length=None) A field which maps to an array. It is represented by an HTML <input>. base_field This is a required argument. It specifies the underlying form field for the array. This is not used to render any HTML, but it is used to process th...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.SimpleArrayField
base_field This is a required argument. It specifies the underlying form field for the array. This is not used to render any HTML, but it is used to process the submitted data and validate it. For example: >>> from django import forms >>> from django.contrib.postgres.forms import SimpleArrayField >>> class NumberLis...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.SimpleArrayField.base_field
delimiter This is an optional argument which defaults to a comma: ,. This value is used to split the submitted data. It allows you to chain SimpleArrayField for multidimensional data: >>> from django import forms >>> from django.contrib.postgres.forms import SimpleArrayField >>> class GridForm(forms.Form): ... p...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.SimpleArrayField.delimiter
max_length This is an optional argument which validates that the array does not exceed the stated length.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.SimpleArrayField.max_length
min_length This is an optional argument which validates that the array reaches at least the stated length.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.SimpleArrayField.min_length
class SplitArrayField(base_field, size, remove_trailing_nulls=False) This field handles arrays by reproducing the underlying field a fixed number of times. base_field This is a required argument. It specifies the form field to be repeated. size This is the fixed number of times the underlying field will be ...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.SplitArrayField
base_field This is a required argument. It specifies the form field to be repeated.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.SplitArrayField.base_field
remove_trailing_nulls By default, this is set to False. When False, each value from the repeated fields is stored. When set to True, any trailing values which are blank will be stripped from the result. If the underlying field has required=True, but remove_trailing_nulls is True, then null values are only allowed at ...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.SplitArrayField.remove_trailing_nulls
size This is the fixed number of times the underlying field will be used.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.forms#django.contrib.postgres.forms.SplitArrayField.size
class RandomUUID
django.ref.contrib.postgres.functions#django.contrib.postgres.functions.RandomUUID
class TransactionNow
django.ref.contrib.postgres.functions#django.contrib.postgres.functions.TransactionNow
class BloomIndex(*expressions, length=None, columns=(), **options) Creates a bloom index. To use this index access you need to activate the bloom extension on PostgreSQL. You can install it using the BloomExtension migration operation. Provide an integer number of bits from 1 to 4096 to the length parameter to specif...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.indexes#django.contrib.postgres.indexes.BloomIndex
class BrinIndex(*expressions, autosummarize=None, pages_per_range=None, **options) Creates a BRIN index. Set the autosummarize parameter to True to enable automatic summarization to be performed by autovacuum. The pages_per_range argument takes a positive integer. Changed in Django 3.2: Positional argument *expressi...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.indexes#django.contrib.postgres.indexes.BrinIndex
class BTreeIndex(*expressions, fillfactor=None, **options) Creates a B-Tree index. Provide an integer value from 10 to 100 to the fillfactor parameter to tune how packed the index pages will be. PostgreSQL’s default is 90. Changed in Django 3.2: Positional argument *expressions was added in order to support function...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.indexes#django.contrib.postgres.indexes.BTreeIndex
class GinIndex(*expressions, fastupdate=None, gin_pending_list_limit=None, **options) Creates a gin index. To use this index on data types not in the built-in operator classes, you need to activate the btree_gin extension on PostgreSQL. You can install it using the BtreeGinExtension migration operation. Set the fastu...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.indexes#django.contrib.postgres.indexes.GinIndex
class GistIndex(*expressions, buffering=None, fillfactor=None, **options) Creates a GiST index. These indexes are automatically created on spatial fields with spatial_index=True. They’re also useful on other types, such as HStoreField or the range fields. To use this index on data types not in the built-in gist opera...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.indexes#django.contrib.postgres.indexes.GistIndex
class HashIndex(*expressions, fillfactor=None, **options) Creates a hash index. Provide an integer value from 10 to 100 to the fillfactor parameter to tune how packed the index pages will be. PostgreSQL’s default is 90. Use this index only on PostgreSQL 10 and later Hash indexes have been available in PostgreSQL for...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.indexes#django.contrib.postgres.indexes.HashIndex
class OpClass(expression, name) An OpClass() expression represents the expression with a custom operator class that can be used to define functional indexes or unique constraints. To use it, you need to add 'django.contrib.postgres' in your INSTALLED_APPS. Set the name parameter to the name of the operator class. For...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.indexes#django.contrib.postgres.indexes.OpClass
class SpGistIndex(*expressions, fillfactor=None, **options) Creates an SP-GiST index. Provide an integer value from 10 to 100 to the fillfactor parameter to tune how packed the index pages will be. PostgreSQL’s default is 90. Changed in Django 3.2: Positional argument *expressions was added in order to support funct...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.indexes#django.contrib.postgres.indexes.SpGistIndex
class AddConstraintNotValid(model_name, constraint) Like AddConstraint, but avoids validating the constraint on existing rows.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.AddConstraintNotValid
class AddIndexConcurrently(model_name, index) Like AddIndex, but creates an index with the CONCURRENTLY option. This has a few caveats to be aware of when using this option, see the PostgreSQL documentation of building indexes concurrently.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.AddIndexConcurrently
class BloomExtension Installs the bloom extension.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.BloomExtension
class BtreeGinExtension Installs the btree_gin extension.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.BtreeGinExtension
class BtreeGistExtension Installs the btree_gist extension.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.BtreeGistExtension
class CITextExtension Installs the citext extension.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.CITextExtension
class CreateCollation(name, locale, *, provider='libc', deterministic=True) Creates a collation with the given name, locale and provider. Set the deterministic parameter to False to create a non-deterministic collation, such as for case-insensitive filtering.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.CreateCollation
class CreateExtension(name) An Operation subclass which installs a PostgreSQL extension. For common extensions, use one of the more specific subclasses below. name This is a required argument. The name of the extension to be installed.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.CreateExtension
name This is a required argument. The name of the extension to be installed.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.CreateExtension.name
class CryptoExtension Installs the pgcrypto extension.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.CryptoExtension
class HStoreExtension Installs the hstore extension and also sets up the connection to interpret hstore data for possible use in subsequent migrations.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.HStoreExtension
class RemoveCollation(name, locale, *, provider='libc', deterministic=True) Removes the collations named name. When reversed this is creating a collation with the provided locale, provider, and deterministic arguments. Therefore, locale is required to make this operation reversible.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.RemoveCollation
class RemoveIndexConcurrently(model_name, name) Like RemoveIndex, but removes the index with the CONCURRENTLY option. This has a few caveats to be aware of when using this option, see the PostgreSQL documentation.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.RemoveIndexConcurrently
class TrigramExtension Installs the pg_trgm extension.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.TrigramExtension
class UnaccentExtension Installs the unaccent extension.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.UnaccentExtension
class ValidateConstraint(model_name, name) Scans through the table and validates the given check constraint on existing rows.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.operations#django.contrib.postgres.operations.ValidateConstraint
class SearchHeadline(expression, query, config=None, start_sel=None, stop_sel=None, max_words=None, min_words=None, short_word=None, highlight_all=None, max_fragments=None, fragment_delimiter=None)
django.ref.contrib.postgres.search#django.contrib.postgres.search.SearchHeadline
class SearchQuery(value, config=None, search_type='plain')
django.ref.contrib.postgres.search#django.contrib.postgres.search.SearchQuery
class SearchRank(vector, query, weights=None, normalization=None, cover_density=False)
django.ref.contrib.postgres.search#django.contrib.postgres.search.SearchRank
class SearchVector(*expressions, config=None, weight=None)
django.ref.contrib.postgres.search#django.contrib.postgres.search.SearchVector
class SearchVectorField
django.ref.contrib.postgres.search#django.contrib.postgres.search.SearchVectorField
class TrigramDistance(expression, string, **extra)
django.ref.contrib.postgres.search#django.contrib.postgres.search.TrigramDistance
class TrigramSimilarity(expression, string, **extra)
django.ref.contrib.postgres.search#django.contrib.postgres.search.TrigramSimilarity
class TrigramWordDistance(string, expression, **extra)
django.ref.contrib.postgres.search#django.contrib.postgres.search.TrigramWordDistance
class TrigramWordSimilarity(string, expression, **extra)
django.ref.contrib.postgres.search#django.contrib.postgres.search.TrigramWordSimilarity
class KeysValidator(keys, strict=False, messages=None) Validates that the given keys are contained in the value. If strict is True, then it also checks that there are no other keys present. The messages passed should be a dict containing the keys missing_keys and/or extra_keys. Note Note that this checks only for th...
django.ref.contrib.postgres.validators#django.contrib.postgres.validators.KeysValidator
class RangeMaxValueValidator(limit_value, message=None) Validates that the upper bound of the range is not greater than limit_value.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.validators#django.contrib.postgres.validators.RangeMaxValueValidator
class RangeMinValueValidator(limit_value, message=None) Validates that the lower bound of the range is not less than the limit_value.
django.ref.contrib.postgres.validators#django.contrib.postgres.validators.RangeMinValueValidator
class middleware.RedirectFallbackMiddleware You can change the HttpResponse classes used by the middleware by creating a subclass of RedirectFallbackMiddleware and overriding response_gone_class and/or response_redirect_class. response_gone_class The HttpResponse class used when a Redirect is not found for the re...
django.ref.contrib.redirects#django.contrib.redirects.middleware.RedirectFallbackMiddleware
response_gone_class The HttpResponse class used when a Redirect is not found for the requested path or has a blank new_path value. Defaults to HttpResponseGone.
django.ref.contrib.redirects#django.contrib.redirects.middleware.RedirectFallbackMiddleware.response_gone_class
response_redirect_class The HttpResponse class that handles the redirect. Defaults to HttpResponsePermanentRedirect.
django.ref.contrib.redirects#django.contrib.redirects.middleware.RedirectFallbackMiddleware.response_redirect_class
class models.Redirect Redirects are represented by a standard Django model, which lives in django/contrib/redirects/models.py. You can access redirect objects via the Django database API. For example: >>> from django.conf import settings >>> from django.contrib.redirects.models import Redirect >>> # Add a new redirec...
django.ref.contrib.redirects#django.contrib.redirects.models.Redirect
SchemaEditor class BaseDatabaseSchemaEditor Django’s migration system is split into two parts; the logic for calculating and storing what operations should be run (django.db.migrations), and the database abstraction layer that turns things like “create a model” or “delete a field” into SQL - which is the job of the...
django.ref.schema-editor
Search A common task for web applications is to search some data in the database with user input. In a simple case, this could be filtering a list of objects by a category. A more complex use case might require searching with weighting, categorization, highlighting, multiple languages, and so on. This document explains...
django.topics.db.search
class backends.base.SessionBase This is the base class for all session objects. It has the following standard dictionary methods: __getitem__(key) Example: fav_color = request.session['fav_color'] __setitem__(key, value) Example: request.session['fav_color'] = 'blue' __delitem__(key) Example: del requ...
django.topics.http.sessions#django.contrib.sessions.backends.base.SessionBase
__contains__(key) Example: 'fav_color' in request.session
django.topics.http.sessions#django.contrib.sessions.backends.base.SessionBase.__contains__