metadata
pretty_name: CommonLID
annotations_creators:
- expert-generated
- crowdsourced
language_creators:
- found
multilinguality:
- multilingual
task_categories:
- text-classification
tags:
- text
size_categories:
- 100K<n<1M
license: other
license_name: common-crawl-tou
license_link: https://commoncrawl.org/terms-of-use
extra_gated_heading: Protecting the integrity of CommonLID for evaluation
extra_gated_fields:
I am aware that CommonLID is intended for use as an evaluation dataset: checkbox
I agree not to re-host CommonLID in places where it could be picked up by web crawlers: checkbox
If I evaluate using CommonLID, I will ensure that its contents are not in the training data: checkbox
language:
- ace
- acf
- aeb
- afr
- amh
- apd
- ara
- arb
- arg
- ars
- ary
- arz
- asm
- aze
- azj
- bak
- bcl
- ben
- bik
- bre
- bul
- cat
- ces
- cmn
- crh
- deu
- ell
- eng
- est
- ext
- fas
- fil
- fin
- fra
- fro
- fry
- fuv
- gaz
- gcf
- gcr
- gla
- gle
- gom
- grc
- gug
- guj
- guw
- hau
- hbo
- heb
- hin
- ibo
- ind
- ita
- jav
- jpn
- kab
- kan
- kik
- kor
- lat
- lav
- lij
- lin
- ltg
- lug
- lvs
- mal
- mar
- mlg
- msa
- nld
- nso
- nyn
- oci
- orm
- ory
- pan
- pcm
- pol
- por
- rcf
- rus
- san
- sna
- sot
- spa
- swa
- swh
- tam
- tat
- tel
- tgl
- tha
- tuk
- tur
- ukr
- urd
- uzb
- uzs
- vec
- vie
- wuu
- xho
- yor
- yue
- zho
- zsm
- zul
configs:
- config_name: default
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/*.jsonl
- config_name: ace
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/ace-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: acf
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/acf-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: aeb
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/aeb-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: afr
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/afr-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: amh
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/amh-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: apd
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/apd-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: ara
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/ara-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: arb
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/arb-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: arg
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/arg-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: ars
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/ars-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: ary
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/ary-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: arz
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/arz-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: asm
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/asm-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: aze
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/aze-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: azj
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/azj-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: bak
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/bak-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: bcl
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/bcl-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: ben
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/ben-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: bik
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/bik-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: bre
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/bre-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: bul
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/bul-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: cat
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/cat-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: ces
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/ces-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: cmn
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/cmn-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: crh
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/crh-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: deu
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/deu-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: ell
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/ell-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: eng
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/eng-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: est
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/est-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: ext
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/ext-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: fas
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/fas-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: fil
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/fil-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: fin
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/fin-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: fra
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/fra-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: fro
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/fro-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: fry
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/fry-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: fuv
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/fuv-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: gaz
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/gaz-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: gcf
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/gcf-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: gcr
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/gcr-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: gla
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/gla-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: gle
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/gle-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: gom
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/gom-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: grc
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/grc-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: gug
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/gug-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: guj
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/guj-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: guw
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/guw-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: hau
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/hau-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: hbo
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/hbo-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: heb
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/heb-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: hin
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/hin-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: ibo
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/ibo-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: ind
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/ind-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: ita
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/ita-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: jav
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/jav-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: jpn
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/jpn-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: kab
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/kab-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: kan
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/kan-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: kik
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/kik-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: kor
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/kor-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: lat
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/lat-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: lav
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/lav-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: lij
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/lij-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: lin
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/lin-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: ltg
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/ltg-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: lug
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/lug-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: lvs
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/lvs-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: mal
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/mal-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: mar
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/mar-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: mlg
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/mlg-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: msa
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/msa-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: nld
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/nld-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: nso
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/nso-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: nyn
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/nyn-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: oci
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/oci-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: orm
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/orm-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: ory
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/ory-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: pan
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/pan-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: pcm
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/pcm-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: pol
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/pol-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: por
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/por-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: rcf
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/rcf-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: rus
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/rus-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: san
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/san-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: sna
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/sna-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: sot
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/sot-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: spa
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/spa-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: swa
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/swa-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: swh
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/swh-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: tam
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/tam-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: tat
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/tat-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: tel
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/tel-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: tgl
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/tgl-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: tha
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/tha-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: tuk
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/tuk-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: tur
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/tur-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: ukr
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/ukr-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: urd
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/urd-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: uzb
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/uzb-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: uzs
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/uzs-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: vec
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/vec-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: vie
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/vie-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: wuu
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/wuu-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: xho
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/xho-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: yor
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/yor-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: yue
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/yue-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: zho
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/zho-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: zsm
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/zsm-commonlid.jsonl
- config_name: zul
data_files:
- split: test
path: data/zul-commonlid.jsonl
CommonLID
CommonLID is a community-created language identification (LID) benchmark. CommonLID consists of web text manually annotated for the language that it is written in. CommonLID contains annotations for 109 languages, where 78 of those languages have at least 100 lines of data. The number of lines available for each language is provided in Appendix A of the preprint.
Dataset construction details
Method details are in our preprint: CommonLID: Re-evaluating State-of-the-Art Language Identification Performance on Web Data (2026). CommonLID was created as part of a shared task at the Workshop on Multilingual Data Quality Signals (WMDQS) at COLM 2025. We invited members of the community to help annotate web data in their languages. Native speakers created line-level LID annotations for over 350,000 lines of web data. Annotations were validated by an expert NLP researcher, familiar with several different writing systems.
All contributors who annotated at least 100 documents (or all of the documents available in their language, if there were fewer than 100 documents available) were invited to be authors on the dataset and the paper preprint.
Comparison with Other LID Datasets
CommonLID proves to be a more challenging LID dataset than existing ones. Most models perform worse on CommonLID than other datasets. This suggests that current evaluation datasets may overestimate LID performance in the web domain.
License
CommonLID is composed of data sampled from the CC-MAIN-2024-22 and CC-MAIN-2025-05 crawls from Common Crawl, as well as MADLAD-400 which is a dataset derived from Common Crawl. As such CommonLID is released under the Common Crawl Terms of Use. CommonLID is intended for evaluation only, so please do not use it to train LID models or other AI models. Please do not re-host CommonLID in places where it could be picked up by web crawlers CommonLID is a research dataset, so if you use it in your research, we kindly ask you to cite our work using the citation information provided below in the Citation section.
Considerations for Using the Data
CommonLID is intended as a domain-specific evaluation for LID models for web data curation.
Limitations
CommonLID only includes data for a small subset of the world's languages and the amount of data available for each language is not the same for each class. Please see the preprint for our recommendations about how to conduct fair evaluation and cross-model comparisons.
The data in CommonLID is sourced from unfiltered web data and may contain offensive, harmful, or NSFW content.
Citation
@article{suarez2026commonlid,
title={CommonLID: Re-evaluating State-of-the-Art Language Identification Performance on Web Data},
author={Ortiz Suarez, Pedro and Burchell, Laurie and Arnett, Catherine and Mosquera-G{\'o}mez, Rafael and Hincapie-Monsalve, Sara and Vaughan, Thom and Stewart, Damian and Ostendorff, Malte and Abdulmumin, Idris and Marivate, Vukosi and others},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.18026},
year={2026},
url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.18026}
}
Acknowledgments
CommonLID was created in partnership with the Common Crawl Foundation, ML Commons, EleutherAI, and Johns Hopkins University.
