title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 25.7k | id stringlengths 24 24 | answer stringlengths 1 202 ⌀ | answer_start int64 -1 3.11k | plausible_answer stringlengths 1 160 ⌀ | plausible_answer_start int64 -1 3.29k | is_impossible bool 2
classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Greece | The names for the nation of Greece and the Greek people differ from the names used in other languages, locations and cultures. Although the Greeks call the country Hellas or Ellada (Greek: Ἑλλάς or Ελλάδα) and its official name is the Hellenic Republic, in English it is referred to as Greece, which comes from the Latin... | From what word is Greece derived? | 57261a26ec44d21400f3d8df | Graecia | 326 | null | -1 | false |
Cardinal_(Catholicism) | While the number of cardinals was small from the times of the Roman Empire to the Renaissance, and frequently smaller than the number of recognized churches entitled to a cardinal priest, in the 16th century the College expanded markedly. In 1587, Pope Sixtus V sought to arrest this growth by fixing the maximum size of... | In what year did Pope Sixtus V put a cap on the number of cardinals in the College of Cardinals? | 56df0e673277331400b4d925 | 1587 | 242 | null | -1 | false |
John_von_Neumann | Von Neumann liked to eat and drink; his wife, Klara, said that he could count everything except calories. He enjoyed Yiddish and "off-color" humor (especially limericks). He was a non-smoker. At Princeton he received complaints for regularly playing extremely loud German march music on his gramophone, which distracted ... | What complaints did Von Neumann's neighbor's have? | 572814ba3acd2414000df402 | regularly playing extremely loud German march music | 232 | null | -1 | false |
Virgil | Book 7 (beginning the Iliadic half) opens with an address to the muse and recounts Aeneas' arrival in Italy and betrothal to Lavinia, daughter of King Latinus. Lavinia had already been promised to Turnus, the king of the Rutulians, who is roused to war by the Fury Allecto, and Amata Lavinia's mother. In Book 8, Aeneas ... | What is the muse's name? | 5a7e53d870df9f001a875741 | null | -1 | Camilla | 611 | true |
Department_store | Parkson enters by acquiring local brand Centro Department Store in 2011. Centro still operates for middle market while the 'Parkson' brand itself, positioned for middle-up segment, enters in 2014 by opening its first store in Medan, followed by its second store in Jakarta. Lotte, meanwhile, enters the market by inking ... | What was Makro re-labeled as before it's purchase? | 5ad0b298645df0001a2d00a6 | null | -1 | Lotte Mart | 493 | true |
Marshall_Islands | The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to h... | About how many Japanese emigrated to the Marshalls when it was a Japanese colony? | 56f95b049e9bad19000a0871 | 1,000 | 386 | null | -1 | false |
PlayStation_3 | PlayStation 3 uses the Cell microprocessor, designed by Sony, Toshiba and IBM, as its CPU, which is made up of one 3.2 GHz PowerPC-based "Power Processing Element" (PPE) and eight Synergistic Processing Elements (SPEs). The eighth SPE is disabled to improve chip yields. Only six of the seven SPEs are accessible to deve... | What does PPE stand for? | 57281c802ca10214002d9e15 | Power Processing Element | 138 | null | -1 | false |
Samoa | Fiame Mata'afa Faumuina Mulinu’u II, one of the four highest-ranking paramount chiefs in the country, became Samoa's first Prime Minister. Two other paramount chiefs at the time of independence were appointed joint heads of state for life. Tupua Tamasese Mea'ole died in 1963, leaving Malietoa Tanumafili II sole head of... | When Mulinu'u II died in 1963 who was left as sole head of state? | 5a62589ff8d794001af1bf85 | null | -1 | Malietoa Tanumafili II | 285 | true |
New_Delhi | Jantar Mantar located in Connaught Place was built by Maharaja Jai Singh II of Jaipur. It consists of 13 architectural astronomy instruments. The primary purpose of the observatory was to compile astronomical tables, and to predict the times and movements of the sun, moon and planets. | Who was responsible for constructing the Jantar Mantar? | 5706a43e75f01819005e7cac | Maharaja Jai Singh II of Jaipur | 54 | null | -1 | false |
Guam | Two aspects of indigenous pre-Hispanic culture that withstood time are chenchule' and inafa'maolek. Chenchule' is the intricate system of reciprocity at the heart of Chamorro society. It is rooted in the core value of inafa'maolek. Historian Lawrence Cunningham in 1992 wrote, "In a Chamorro sense, the land and its prod... | What is the name of the intricate system in Guam? | 572b55f7f75d5e190021fd8d | . Chenchule | 98 | null | -1 | false |
Botany | Epigenetics is the study of mitotically and/or meiotically heritable changes in gene function that cannot be explained by changes in the underlying DNA sequence but cause the organism's genes to behave (or "express themselves") differently. One example of epigenetic change is the marking of the genes by DNA methylation... | When DNA has different markers, how it that presented in plants? | 5727521edd62a815002e9b06 | prevent that region of the DNA code | 485 | null | -1 | false |
Nigeria | The Kingdom of Nri of the Igbo people consolidated in the 10th century and continued until it lost its sovereignty to the British in 1911. Nri was ruled by the Eze Nri, and the city of Nri is considered to be the foundation of Igbo culture. Nri and Aguleri, where the Igbo creation myth originates, are in the territory ... | Which clan is Nri in the territory of? | 5726bffb5951b619008f7d31 | Umeuri | 327 | null | -1 | false |
Genocide | About 30 people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide during the early 1990s in Bosnia. To date, after several plea bargains and some convictions that were successfully challenged on appeal two men, Vujadin Popović and Ljubiša Beara, have been found guilty of committing genocide, Zd... | Convicted perpetrators Popovic and Beara were found guilty of genocide despite what evasive action? | 5734087f4776f4190066174e | several plea bargains | 140 | null | -1 | false |
Printed_circuit_board | Originally, every electronic component had wire leads, and the PCB had holes drilled for each wire of each component. The components' leads were then passed through the holes and soldered to the PCB trace. This method of assembly is called through-hole construction. In 1949, Moe Abramson and Stanislaus F. Danko of the ... | What is considered not wasteful? | 5ace9a6332bba1001ae4ac6c | null | -1 | the wires and holes | 848 | true |
Alexander_Graham_Bell | Bell believed the photophone's principles were his life's "greatest achievement", telling a reporter shortly before his death that the photophone was "the greatest invention [I have] ever made, greater than the telephone". The photophone was a precursor to the fiber-optic communication systems which achieved popular wo... | What modern technology takes the next step from the photophone? | 56dfafa2231d4119001abc71 | fiber-optic communication | 261 | null | -1 | false |
Digimon | The first Digimon television series, which began airing on March 7, 1999 in Japan on Fuji TV and Kids Station and on August 14, 1999 in the United States on Fox Kids dubbed by Saban Entertainment for the North American English version. Its premise is a group of 7 kids who, while at summer camp, travel to the Digital Wo... | How many people are in the original Digimon? | 572a2927af94a219006aa84a | seven original characters | 1,508 | null | -1 | false |
Florida | Seminole Indians based in East Florida began raiding Georgia settlements, and offering havens for runaway slaves. The United States Army led increasingly frequent incursions into Spanish territory, including the 1817–1818 campaign against the Seminole Indians by Andrew Jackson that became known as the First Seminole Wa... | Where did Seminole Indians raid | 57265e2b5951b619008f70b3 | Seminole Indians based in East Florida began raiding Georgia settlements | 0 | null | -1 | false |
Greeks | The Eastern Roman Empire – today conventionally named the Byzantine Empire, a name not in use during its own time – became increasingly influenced by Greek culture after the 7th century, when Emperor Heraclius (AD 575 - 641) decided to make Greek the empire's official language. Certainly from then on, but likely earlie... | Who was favored by those who lived in the west and mainly used another form of not well known verbal language? | 5ad27f75d7d075001a429774 | null | -1 | Latin West | 689 | true |
Elizabeth_II | The Suez crisis and the choice of Eden's successor led in 1957 to the first major personal criticism of the Queen. In a magazine, which he owned and edited, Lord Altrincham accused her of being "out of touch". Altrincham was denounced by public figures and slapped by a member of the public appalled by his comments. Six... | In what year did the Earl of Home receive his title? | 5ad36796604f3c001a3fe09d | null | -1 | 1957 | 58 | true |
Glass | New chemical glass compositions or new treatment techniques can be initially investigated in small-scale laboratory experiments. The raw materials for laboratory-scale glass melts are often different from those used in mass production because the cost factor has a low priority. In the laboratory mostly pure chemicals a... | Why are different materials used in a lab than are used in the environment? | 5a670cddf038b7001ab0c1a0 | null | -1 | the cost factor has a low priority | 243 | true |
Westminster_Abbey | The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908. | The vaulted overcroft beneath the monks' dormitory has been a museum since when? | 5ad4008a604f3c001a3ffcd9 | null | -1 | 1908 | 310 | true |
Canadian_Armed_Forces | The Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) is headed by the Commander of the Royal Canadian Air Force. The commander of 1 Canadian Air Division and Canadian NORAD Region, based in Winnipeg, is responsible for the operational command and control of Air Force activities throughout Canada and worldwide. 1 Canadian Air Division o... | Who reports to the operational commander about the wings? | 56defb12c65bf219000b3e77 | tactical commander | 643 | null | -1 | false |
Marshall_Islands | Following capture and occupation by the United States during World War II, the Marshall Islands, along with several other island groups located in Micronesia, passed formally to the United States under United Nations auspices in 1947 as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands established pursuant to Security... | What resolution of the UN Security Council gave the United States control over the Marshalls? | 56f95d2a9b226e1400dd13bb | Security Council Resolution 21 | 312 | null | -1 | false |
East_Prussia | Since 1875, with the strengthening of self-rule, the urban and rural districts (Kreise) within each province (sometimes within each governorate) formed a corporation with common tasks and assets (schools, traffic installations, hospitals, cultural institutions, jails etc.) called the Provinzialverband (provincial assoc... | What was the name of the corporation that looked over common task? | 572a517b7a1753140016aea7 | Provinzialverband | 285 | null | -1 | false |
Jehovah%27s_Witnesses | Authors including William Whalen, Shawn Francis Peters and former Witnesses Barbara Grizzuti Harrison, Alan Rogerson and William Schnell have claimed the arrests and mob violence in the United States in the 1930s and 1940s were the consequence of what appeared to be a deliberate course of provocation of authorities and... | In what decade did Alan Rogerson get out of the Jehovah's Witnesses? | 5ad3e582604f3c001a3ff5a5 | null | -1 | 1940s | 217 | true |
Cork_(city) | Research institutes linked to the third level colleges in the city support the research and innovation capacity of the city and region. Examples include the Tyndall National Institute (ICT hardware research), IMERC (Marine Energy), Environmental Research Institute, NIMBUS (Network Embedded Systems); and CREATE (Advance... | What is the biggest conglomeration of start-up companies in Cork? | 5727e8b02ca10214002d994a | The Rubicon Centre | 515 | null | -1 | false |
Great_Plains | From the 1950s on, many areas of the Great Plains have become productive crop-growing areas because of extensive irrigation on large landholdings. The United States is a major exporter of agricultural products. The southern portion of the Great Plains lies over the Ogallala Aquifer, a huge underground layer of water-be... | When was the last ice age? | 59d2a4a12763a60018284153 | null | -1 | the 1950s | 5 | true |
Beer | Beer is the world's most widely consumed and likely the oldest alcoholic beverage; it is the third most popular drink overall, after water and tea. The production of beer is called brewing, which involves the fermentation of starches, mainly derived from cereal grains—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize ... | What is the oldest drink in the world? | 5acd147407355d001abf33ae | null | -1 | Beer | 0 | true |
Asthma | Asthma is the result of chronic inflammation of the conducting zone of the airways (most especially the bronchi and bronchioles), which subsequently results in increased contractability of the surrounding smooth muscles. This among other factors leads to bouts of narrowing of the airway and the classic symptoms of whee... | What other parts of the immune system are changed due to thickening of the neutrophils? | 5a4fe902af0d07001ae8cc80 | null | -1 | cytokines, chemokines, histamine, and leukotrienes among others | 821 | true |
Josip_Broz_Tito | Because of its neutrality, Yugoslavia would often be rare among Communist countries to have diplomatic relations with right-wing, anti-Communist governments. For example, Yugoslavia was the only communist country allowed to have an embassy in Alfredo Stroessner's Paraguay. One notable exception to Yugoslavia's neutral ... | Who did Pinochet overthrow? | 56f7f364a6d7ea1400e1730c | Allende | 483 | null | -1 | false |
Separation_of_powers_under_the_United_States_Constitution | Johnson's impeachment was perceived to have done great damage to the presidency, which came to be almost subordinate to Congress. Some believed that the president would become a mere figurehead, with the Speaker of the House of Representatives becoming a de facto Prime Minister. Grover Cleveland, the first Democratic P... | Which body of government because subordinate to the presidency? | 5ad3a323604f3c001a3fea51 | null | -1 | Congress | 120 | true |
Institute_of_technology | Most of these institutes award diplomas after three or three and a half years of education. The Institute of technology implementation (IUT from Instituto universitario de tecnologia on Spanish) began with the creation of the first IUT at Caracas, capital city of Venezuela, called IUT. Dr. Federico Rivero Palacio adopt... | Who pioneered using the French system of technological education? | 56de5fbccffd8e1900b4b835 | Dr. Federico Rivero Palacio | 287 | null | -1 | false |
Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg next directed the historical drama film Lincoln, starring Daniel Day-Lewis as United States President Abraham Lincoln and Sally Field as Mary Todd Lincoln. Based on Doris Kearns Goodwin's bestseller Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln, the film covered the final four months of Lincoln's li... | How many times has Daniel Day-Lewis been nominated for Best Actor? | 5ad4c9c65b96ef001a10a0ae | null | -1 | twelve | 623 | true |
Emotion | The word "emotion" dates back to 1579, when it was adapted from the French word émouvoir, which means "to stir up". The term emotion was introduced into academic discussion to replace passion. According to one dictionary, the earliest precursors of the word likely dates back to the very origins of language. The modern ... | From what French word is emotion derived? | 570a66fd4103511400d596d3 | émouvoir | 80 | null | -1 | false |
Windows_8 | Internet Explorer 10 is included as both a desktop program and a touch-optimized app, and includes increased support for HTML5, CSS3, and hardware acceleration. The Internet Explorer app does not support plugins or ActiveX components, but includes a version of Adobe Flash Player that is optimized for touch and low powe... | What improvements were made to Internet Explorer? | 57302f1504bcaa1900d77301 | increased support for HTML5, CSS3, and hardware acceleration | 99 | null | -1 | false |
Tennessee | In the 2000 presidential election, Vice President Al Gore, a former Democratic U.S. Senator from Tennessee, failed to carry his home state, an unusual occurrence but indicative of strengthening Republican support. Republican George W. Bush received increased support in 2004, with his margin of victory in the state incr... | Which 2000 presidential candidate was a former US Senator from Tennessee? | 572ca218dfb02c14005c6bcc | Al Gore | 50 | null | -1 | false |
Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union | On December 12, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR formally ratified the Belavezha Accords and renounced the 1922 Union Treaty. The Russian deputies were also recalled from the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. The legality of this action was questionable, since Soviet law did not allow a republic to unilaterally recall ... | Who ratified the Accords? | 57283f713acd2414000df7b6 | the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR | 16 | null | -1 | false |
Universal_Studios | Anxious to expand the company's broadcast and cable presence, longtime MCA head Lew Wasserman sought a rich partner. He located Japanese electronics manufacturer Matsushita Electric (now known as Panasonic), which agreed to acquire MCA for $6.6 billion in 1990. Meanwhile, around this time, the production subsidiary was... | What was Matsushita Electric renamed in 1990? | 5ad15b81645df0001a2d189e | null | -1 | Panasonic | 196 | true |
Freemasonry | Masonic lodges existed in Iraq as early as 1917, when the first lodge under the United Grand Lodge of England (UGLE) was opened. Nine lodges under UGLE existed by the 1950s, and a Scottish lodge was formed in 1923. However, the position changed following the revolution, and all lodges were forced to close in 1965. This... | When were all the lodges in Iraq forced to close? | 57251e0e0ba9f01400d97c6a | 1965 | 310 | null | -1 | false |
Sexual_orientation | Some historians and researchers argue that the emotional and affectionate activities associated with sexual-orientation terms such as "gay" and "heterosexual" change significantly over time and across cultural boundaries. For example, in many English-speaking nations, it is assumed that same-sex kissing, particularly b... | What do some cultures have formal ceremonies for? | 571035f5a58dae1900cd6976 | expressing long-term commitment between same-sex friends | 520 | null | -1 | false |
Josip_Broz_Tito | His next relationship was with Herta Haas, whom he married in 1940. Broz left for Belgrade after the April War, leaving Haas pregnant. In May 1941, she gave birth to their son, Aleksandar "Mišo" Broz. All throughout his relationship with Haas, Tito had maintained a promiscuous life and had a parallel relationship with ... | Who did Tito marry in 1940? | 56f82a24aef2371900625e75 | Herta Haas | 31 | null | -1 | false |
Dialect | In the early 20th century, the vast conscription of Italian men from all throughout Italy during World War I is credited with facilitating the diffusion of standard Italian among less educated Italian men, as these men from various regions with various regional languages were forced to communicate with each other in a ... | Aside from when they're speaking to Italians from their same town or region, where is a common place where Italians speak their regional language? | 56e82fe000c9c71400d77615 | at home with family | 802 | null | -1 | false |
Race_(human_categorization) | Groups of humans have always identified themselves as distinct from neighboring groups, but such differences have not always been understood to be natural, immutable and global. These features are the distinguishing features of how the concept of race is used today. In this way the idea of race as we understand it toda... | During which process did our current idea of race come about? | 5728d7ba3acd2414000e0003 | exploration and conquest | 366 | null | -1 | false |
Serbo-Croatian | However, most intellectuals and writers from Dalmatia who used the Štokavian dialect and practiced the Catholic faith saw themselves as part of a Croatian nation as far back as the mid-16th to 17th centuries, some 300 years before Serbo-Croatian ideology appeared. Their loyalty was first and foremost to Catholic Christ... | After allowing for their religion, did the people of the Catholic faith see themselves as Serbian or Croatian? | 572a0e246aef05140015520f | Croatian | 146 | null | -1 | false |
Canon_law | The Book of Concord is the historic doctrinal statement of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten credal documents recognized as authoritative in Lutheranism since the 16th century. However, the Book of Concord is a confessional document (stating orthodox belief) rather than a book of ecclesiastical rules or discipline... | What are the legislative systems of various Lutheran institutions called? | 56e1189acd28a01900c675a4 | canons | 460 | null | -1 | false |
Pub | Organisations such as Wetherspoons, Punch Taverns and O'Neill's were formed in the UK in the wake of the Beer Orders. A PubCo is a company involved in the retailing but not the manufacture of beverages, while a Pub chain may be run either by a PubCo or by a brewery. | What is the name of a company that retails but does not manufacture drinks? | 56dfe23b7aa994140058e218 | PubCo | 120 | null | -1 | false |
Gregorian_calendar | Up to February 28 in the calendar you are converting from add one day less or subtract one day more than the calculated value. Remember to give February the appropriate number of days for the calendar you are converting into. When you are subtracting days to move from Julian to Gregorian be careful, when calculating th... | What is discounted when converting from Gregorian to Julian? | 5a3700b995360f001af1b3ca | null | -1 | February 29 | 385 | true |
Literature | The formalist definition is that the history of "literature" foregrounds poetic effects; it is the "literariness" or "poeticity" of literature that distinguishes it from ordinary speech or other kinds of writing (e.g., journalism). Jim Meyer considers this a useful characteristic in explaining the use of the term to me... | What is the formalist definition of history? | 5a7d34ef70df9f001a875011 | null | -1 | it is the "literariness" or "poeticity" of literature that distinguishes it from ordinary speech or other kinds of writing | 89 | true |
Materialism | Many current and recent philosophers—e.g., Daniel Dennett, Willard Van Orman Quine, Donald Davidson, and Jerry Fodor—operate within a broadly physicalist or materialist framework, producing rival accounts of how best to accommodate mind, including functionalism, anomalous monism, identity theory, and so on. | What are the three theories that do not accommodate mind? | 5acd14cb07355d001abf33c2 | null | -1 | functionalism, anomalous monism, identity theory | 248 | true |
Brain | One of the primary functions of a brain is to extract biologically relevant information from sensory inputs. The human brain is provided with information about light, sound, the chemical composition of the atmosphere, temperature, head orientation, limb position, the chemical composition of the bloodstream, and more. I... | The group of animals that can detect magnetic fields is what? | 56f97eb89e9bad19000a09c5 | birds | 446 | null | -1 | false |
Classical_music | Vocal music in the Renaissance is noted for the flourishing of an increasingly elaborate polyphonic style. The principal liturgical forms which endured throughout the entire Renaissance period were masses and motets, with some other developments towards the end, especially as composers of sacred music began to adopt se... | Monody, the madrigal comedy, and intermedio are all precursors to what? | 56f6f981711bf01900a448ae | opera | 442 | null | -1 | false |
Airport | The majority of the world's airports are non-towered, with no air traffic control presence. Busy airports have air traffic control (ATC) system. All airports use a traffic pattern to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft. There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airpor... | What do airports use to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft? | 573084ab396df91900096167 | traffic pattern | 164 | null | -1 | false |
Daylight_saving_time | Clock shifts are usually scheduled near a weekend midnight to lessen disruption to weekday schedules. A one-hour shift is customary, but Australia's Lord Howe Island uses a half-hour shift. Twenty-minute and two-hour shifts have been used in the past. | During what part of the week is the time change most often scheduled? | 56e7305b37bdd419002c3de5 | weekend | 42 | null | -1 | false |
Sahara | The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitat... | What is furthest from the equator in the Sahara? | 5a60de02e9e1cc001a33cdba | null | -1 | the equatorial low | 44 | true |
Muslim_world | A Latin translation of Ibn Tufail's work, Philosophus Autodidactus, first appeared in 1671, prepared by Edward Pococke the Younger, followed by an English translation by Simon Ockley in 1708, as well as German and Dutch translations. These translations might have later inspired Daniel Defoe to write Robinson Crusoe, re... | Simon Ockley translated Philosophus Autodidactus into English, in what year did he do that? | 572ff1df947a6a140053ce4a | 1708 | 186 | null | -1 | false |
Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives | Promote and Publicize the Party's Agenda. An important aim of the minority leader is to develop an electorally attractive agenda of ideas and proposals that unites his or her own House members and that energizes and appeals to core electoral supporters as well as independents and swing voters. Despite the minority lead... | How many Republicans are affiliated with the GOP? | 5a84b82d7cf838001a46aa56 | null | -1 | 218 | 620 | true |
Greeks | Around 1200 BC, the Dorians, another Greek-speaking people, followed from Epirus. Traditionally, historians have believed that the Dorian invasion caused the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization, but it is likely the main attack was made by seafaring raiders (sea peoples) who sailed into the eastern Mediterranean aro... | What was the period of time called when the Mycenaeans were considered sea raiders? | 5ad23ef7d7d075001a4288e5 | null | -1 | Greek Dark Ages | 434 | true |
Neoclassical_architecture | The earliest examples of neoclassical architecture in Hungary may be found in Vác. In this town the triumphal arch and the neoclassical façade of the baroque Cathedral were designed by the French architect Isidor Marcellus Amandus Ganneval (Isidore Canevale) in the 1760s. Also the work of a French architect Charles Mor... | What French architect designed Hungarian Cathedral in the seventeenth century? | 5a2c4a4dbfd06b001a5aeae0 | null | -1 | Isidor Marcellus Amandus Ganneval | 206 | true |
Dutch_Republic | The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), Republic of the United Netherlands or Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën), was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands s... | Name one name the Batvian Republic is also known as? | 5a1c84fbb4fb5d0018714644 | null | -1 | the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands | 34 | true |
Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation | In October 2006, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation was split into two entities: the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Trust, which manages the endowment assets and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which "... conducts all operations and grantmaking work, and it is the entity from which all grants are made". Also ann... | What does Berkshire Hathaway manage as part of the Foundation Trust? | 5a0cfad6f5590b0018dab6d2 | null | -1 | the endowment assets and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | 139 | true |
Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects | RIBA runs many awards including the Stirling Prize for the best new building of the year, the Royal Gold Medal (first awarded in 1848), which honours a distinguished body of work, and the Stephen Lawrence Prize for projects with a construction budget of less than £500,000. The RIBA also awards the President's Medals fo... | What is the Royal Gold Medal removed from? | 5a78c8afb73996001af5b217 | null | -1 | a distinguished body of work | 150 | true |
Imperial_College_London | In 1907, the newly established Board of Education found that greater capacity for higher technical education was needed and a proposal to merge the City and Guilds College, the Royal School of Mines and the Royal College of Science was approved and passed, creating The Imperial College of Science and Technology as a co... | Which document, granted by Edward VII, was officially signed on the 8th of July 1907? | 570a596e6d058f1900182d88 | Imperial's Royal Charter | 367 | null | -1 | false |
Mammal | George Gaylord Simpson's "Principles of Classification and a Classification of Mammals" (AMNH Bulletin v. 85, 1945) was the original source for the taxonomy listed here. Simpson laid out a systematics of mammal origins and relationships that was universally taught until the end of the 20th century. Since Simpson's clas... | Up until what century were cladistics universally taught? | 5a39eb432f14dd001ac72647 | null | -1 | end of the 20th century | 275 | true |
Pesticide | In order to reduce negative impacts, it is desirable that pesticides be degradable or at least quickly deactivated in the environment. Such loss of activity or toxicity of pesticides is due to both innate chemical properties of the compounds and environmental processes or conditions. For example, the presence of haloge... | What slows down degradation of microbes? | 5a7116a20efcfe001a8afd33 | null | -1 | the presence of halogens | 298 | true |
Dell | In the mid-1990s, Dell expanded beyond desktop computers and laptops by selling servers, starting with low-end servers. The major three providers of servers at the time were IBM, Hewlett Packard, and Compaq, many of which were based on proprietary technology, such as IBM's Power4 microprocessors or various proprietary ... | What servers did Dell create that they tried to break into the market with? | 570fcb315ab6b81900391001 | PowerEdge | 370 | null | -1 | false |
Copyright_infringement | According to the same study, even though digital piracy inflicts additional costs on the production side of media, it also offers the main access to media goods in developing countries. The strong tradeoffs that favor using digital piracy in developing economies dictate the current neglected law enforcements toward dig... | What don't the tradeoffs of digital piracy support? | 5acfcf2777cf76001a68611d | null | -1 | current neglected law enforcements | 275 | true |
Religion_in_ancient_Rome | Valerian's first religious edict singled out Christianity as a particularly self-interested and subversive foreign cult, outlawed its assemblies and urged Christians to sacrifice to Rome's traditional gods. His second edict acknowledged a Christian threat to the Imperial system – not yet at its heart but close to it, a... | What did Valerian's second edict call the Christians' presence in the empire? | 573226e1b9d445190005e840 | threat | 249 | null | -1 | false |
Freemasonry | In contrast to Catholic allegations of rationalism and naturalism, Protestant objections are more likely to be based on allegations of mysticism, occultism, and even Satanism. Masonic scholar Albert Pike is often quoted (in some cases misquoted) by Protestant anti-Masons as an authority for the position of Masonry on t... | What are some Protestant rewards to Freemasonry? | 5acf91bf77cf76001a6852b8 | null | -1 | mysticism, occultism, and even Satanism | 135 | true |
John,_King_of_England | John was born to Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine on 24 December 1166. Henry had inherited significant territories along the Atlantic seaboard—Anjou, Normandy and England—and expanded his empire by conquering Brittany. Henry married the powerful Eleanor of Aquitaine, who reigned over the Duchy of Aquitaine ... | Who was Henry's ally? | 570c4c8ab3d812140066d095 | Holy Roman Emperor | 1,708 | null | -1 | false |
On_the_Origin_of_Species | By the mid-1870s, most scientists accepted evolution, but relegated natural selection to a minor role as they believed evolution was purposeful and progressive. The range of evolutionary theories during "the eclipse of Darwinism" included forms of "saltationism" in which new species were thought to arise through "jumps... | What rediscovered inheritance was thought to invalidate Darwin's views on evolution? | 5727d633ff5b5019007d9680 | Mendelian inheritance | 704 | null | -1 | false |
Imperial_College_London | Imperial College Boat Club
The Imperial College Boat Club was founded on 12 December 1919. The Gold medal winning GB 8+ at the 2000 Sydney Olympics had been based at Imperial College's recently refurbished boathouse and included 3 alumni of the college along with their coach Martin McElroy. The club has been highly suc... | Which day was the Imperial College Boat Club formed on? | 570a53286d058f1900182d52 | 12 December 1919 | 73 | null | -1 | false |
Federalism | Federations often employ the paradox of being a union of states, while still being states (or having aspects of statehood) in themselves. For example, James Madison (author of the US Constitution) wrote in Federalist Paper No. 39 that the US Constitution "is in strictness neither a national nor a federal constitution; ... | What is the foundation for federalist paper no. 93? | 5acfc2d877cf76001a685d6d | null | -1 | it is federal, not national; in the sources from which the ordinary powers of the Government are drawn, it is partly federal, and partly national | 366 | true |
Armenians | Within the diasporan Armenian community, there is an unofficial classification of the different kinds of Armenians. For example, Armenians who originate from Iran are referred to as Parskahay (Պարսկահայ), while Armenians from Lebanon are usually referred to as Lipananahay (Լիբանանահայ). Armenians of the Diaspora are th... | How are Russians from Lebanon referred to? | 5a53dca0bdaabd001a386798 | null | -1 | Lipananahay | 261 | true |
2008_Sichuan_earthquake | On the evening of May 18, CCTV-1 hosted a special four-hour program called The Giving of Love (simplified Chinese: 爱的奉献; traditional Chinese: 愛的奉獻), hosted by regulars from the CCTV New Year's Gala and round-the-clock coverage anchor Bai Yansong. It was attended by a wide range of entertainment, literary, business and ... | What did CCTV-1 host on the evening of May 18th? | 56cecff4aab44d1400b88abd | four-hour program called The Giving of Love | 50 | null | -1 | false |
Macintosh | In recent years, Apple has seen a significant boost in sales of Macs. This has been attributed, in part, to the success of the iPod and the iPhone, a halo effect whereby satisfied iPod or iPhone owners purchase more Apple products, and Apple has since capitalized on that with the iCloud cloud service that allows users ... | What consumer trend has hurt many business computer manufacturers? | 5ad567b85b96ef001a10ae00 | null | -1 | smartphones and tablet computers | 494 | true |
2008_Sichuan_earthquake | According to a study by the China Earthquake Administration (CEA), the earthquake occurred along the Longmenshan fault, a thrust structure along the border of the Indo-Australian Plate and Eurasian Plate. Seismic activities concentrated on its mid-fracture (known as Yingxiu-Beichuan fracture). The rupture lasted close ... | How long did the rupture last? | 56cdccd962d2951400fa6850 | 120 sec | 323 | null | -1 | false |
BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System | In December 2011, the system went into operation on a trial basis. It has started providing navigation, positioning and timing data to China and the neighbouring area for free from 27 December. During this trial run, Compass will offer positioning accuracy to within 25 meters, but the precision will improve as more sat... | The system began charging China and surrounding areas in what month? | 5acd4db307355d001abf3c86 | null | -1 | December | 184 | true |
Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | In what year was RCA founded? | 5ad4a8885b96ef001a109d2c | null | -1 | 1917 | 194 | true |
United_States_presidential_election,_2004 | A ballot initiative in Colorado, known as Amendment 36, would have changed the way in which the state apportions its electoral votes. Rather than assigning all 9 of the state's electors to the candidate with a plurality of popular votes, under the amendment Colorado would have assigned presidential electors proportiona... | Where would Nebraska's influence be diminished under the 36th Amendment? | 5a726faa53a187001ae63120 | null | -1 | the Electoral College | 563 | true |
Han_dynasty | The armillary sphere, a three-dimensional representation of the movements in the celestial sphere, was invented in Han China by the 1st century BC. Using a water clock, waterwheel and a series of gears, the Court Astronomer Zhang Heng (78–139 AD) was able to mechanically rotate his metal-ringed armillary sphere. To add... | How many dragons were represented in Zhang Heng's invention of the seismometer? | 572fa7c3b2c2fd14005682cc | eight | 818 | null | -1 | false |
Hunting | In the 19th century, southern and central European sport hunters often pursued game only for a trophy, usually the head or pelt of an animal, which was then displayed as a sign of prowess. The rest of the animal was typically discarded. Some cultures, however, disapprove of such waste. In Nordic countries, hunting for ... | What was hunting in North American in the 19th century used to supplement? | 5735106dacc1501500bac3f0 | food supplies | 447 | null | -1 | false |
Brigham_Young_University | Brigham Young University's origin can be traced back to 1862 when a man named Warren Dusenberry started a Provo school in a prominent adobe building called Cluff Hall, which was located in the northeast corner of 200 East and 200 North. On October 16, 1875, Brigham Young, then president of the LDS Church, personally pu... | What year can BYU's origin be traced to with a building called Cluff Hall? | 572826ce2ca10214002d9f40 | 1862 | 56 | null | -1 | false |
Jews | Historical definitions of Jewish identity have traditionally been based on halakhic definitions of matrilineal descent, and halakhic conversions. Historical definitions of who is a Jew date back to the codification of the Oral Torah into the Babylonian Talmud, around 200 CE. Interpretations of sections of the Tanakh, s... | Historical definitions of who a Jew is dates back to what year? | 572771def1498d1400e8f849 | 200 CE | 268 | null | -1 | false |
Armenians | The Arsacid Kingdom of Armenia, itself a branch of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia, was the first state to adopt Christianity as its religion (it had formerly been adherent to Armenian paganism, which was influenced by Zoroastrianism, while later on adopting a few elements regarding identification of its pantheon with G... | Why did Armenia make Christianity its official religion? | 57320ae8e17f3d1400422604 | in defiance of the Sassanids | 402 | null | -1 | false |
Philosophy_of_space_and_time | In the classical case, the invariance, or symmetry, group and the covariance group coincide, but, interestingly enough, they part ways in relativistic physics. The symmetry group of the general theory of relativity includes all differentiable transformations, i.e., all properties of an object are dynamical, in other wo... | What is absolute according to the theory of relativity? | 5a42cb724a4859001aac7321 | null | -1 | objects | 346 | true |
Saint_Helena | Sure South Atlantic Ltd ("Sure") offers television for the island via 17 analogue terrestrial UHF channels, offering a mix of British, US, and South African programming. The channels are from DSTV and include Mnet, SuperSport and BBC channels. The feed signal, from MultiChoice DStv in South Africa, is received by a sat... | What is the feed signal of Sure South Atlantic received by? | 56e07f157aa994140058e582 | a satellite dish | 315 | null | -1 | false |
Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) | The hagiography of Mary and the Holy Family can be contrasted with other material in the Gospels. These references include an incident which can be interpreted as Jesus rejecting his family in the New Testament: "And his mother and his brothers arrived, and standing outside, they sent in a message asking for him ... An... | Who had a conflict with Jesus and his family? | 5ad14863645df0001a2d1550 | null | -1 | A leading Biblical scholar | 761 | true |
Hydrogen | Hydrogen was liquefied for the first time by James Dewar in 1898 by using regenerative cooling and his invention, the vacuum flask. He produced solid hydrogen the next year. Deuterium was discovered in December 1931 by Harold Urey, and tritium was prepared in 1934 by Ernest Rutherford, Mark Oliphant, and Paul Harteck. ... | Who was the first to discover deuterium? | 56e16b59cd28a01900c678e0 | Harold Urey | 219 | null | -1 | false |
Tucson,_Arizona | Tucson (/ˈtuːsɒn/ /tuːˈsɒn/) is a city and the county seat of Pima County, Arizona, United States, and home to the University of Arizona. The 2010 United States Census put the population at 520,116, while the 2013 estimated population of the entire Tucson metropolitan statistical area (MSA) was 996,544. The Tucson MSA ... | What was the population of Tuscon according to the 2010 U.S. Census? | 572f62ff947a6a140053c90b | 520,116 | 190 | null | -1 | false |
Yale_University | Slack (2003) compares three groups that conducted biological research at Yale during overlapping periods between 1910 and 1970. Yale proved important as a site for this research. The leaders of these groups were Ross Granville Harrison, Grace E. Pickford, and G. Evelyn Hutchinson, and their members included both gradua... | Which groups of researchers provided unorthodox structure for a research group? | 5726b0125951b619008f7a76 | Pickford's and Hutchinson's | 589 | null | -1 | false |
Spectre_(2015_film) | Spectre opened in Germany with $22.45 million (including previews), which included a new record for the biggest Saturday of all time, Australia with $8.7 million (including previews) and South Korea opened to $8.2 million (including previews). Despite the 13 November Paris attacks, which led to numerous theaters being ... | What movie did Spectre beat to become top movie of the year in Switzerland? | 56cf5b91aab44d1400b8910d | Minions | 1,046 | null | -1 | false |
Identity_(social_science) | However, the formation of one's identity occurs through one's identifications with significant others (primarily with parents and other individuals during one's biographical experiences, and also with "groups" as they are perceived). These others may be benign - such that one aspires to their characteristics, values an... | Aspiring to others what is malign? | 5a144db2c8eab200188dca19 | null | -1 | their characteristics | 419 | true |
Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact | On 1 September, Germany invaded Poland from the west. Within the first few days of the invasion, Germany began conducting massacres of Polish and Jewish civilians and POWs. These executions took place in over 30 towns and villages in the first month of German occupation. The Luftwaffe also took part by strafing fleeing... | How long didn't the Germans massacre Polish and Jewish civilians? | 5ad281a2d7d075001a429806 | null | -1 | first month of German occupation | 238 | true |
Liberal_Party_of_Australia | Following the 2007 Federal Election, Dr Brendan Nelson was elected leader by the Parliamentary Liberal Party. On 16 September 2008, in a second contest following a spill motion, Nelson lost the leadership to Malcolm Turnbull. On 1 December 2009, a subsequent leadership election saw Turnbull lose the leadership to Tony ... | Who was elected to the Parliamentary Liberal Party after the 2007 Federal Election? | 5728e8124b864d190016506f | Dr Brendan Nelson | 37 | null | -1 | false |
Neptune | In 2007, it was discovered that the upper troposphere of Neptune's south pole was about 10 K warmer than the rest of its atmosphere, which averages approximately 73 K (−200 °C). The temperature differential is enough to let methane, which elsewhere is frozen in the troposphere, escape into the stratosphere near the pol... | Where does methane in the north pole escape to on Neptune? | 5acee2c832bba1001ae4b87f | null | -1 | stratosphere near the pole | 295 | true |
Franco-Prussian_War | The effect of these differences was accentuated by the pre-war preparations. The Prussian General Staff had drawn up minutely detailed mobilization plans using the railway system, which in turn had been partly laid out in response to recommendations of a Railway Section within the General Staff. The French railway syst... | What was the Prussian General staff quick to utilize at the onset of the war? | 570d4ac8fed7b91900d45e1e | detailed mobilization plans using the railway system | 126 | null | -1 | false |
2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay | Chinese officials canceled the torch relay ceremony amidst disruptions, including a Tibetan flag flown from a window in the City Hall by Green Party officials. The third torchbearer in the Paris leg, Jin Jing, who was disabled and carried the torch on a wheelchair, was assaulted several times by unidentified protestors... | What is the name of the handicapped bearer of the torch? | 56db1b38e7c41114004b4d2a | Jin Jing | 200 | null | -1 | false |
Tuvalu | Whether there are measurable changes in the sea level relative to the islands of Tuvalu is a contentious issue. There were problems associated with the pre-1993 sea level records from Funafuti which resulted in improvements in the recording technology to provide more reliable data for analysis. The degree of uncertaint... | Prior to what year were the reports used to assess sea level rise? | 57313f0aa5e9cc1400cdbdae | pre-1993 | 152 | null | -1 | false |
Asphalt | A number of technologies allow asphalt/bitumen to be mixed at much lower temperatures. These involve mixing with petroleum solvents to form "cutbacks" with reduced melting point, or mixtures with water to turn the asphalt/bitumen into an emulsion. Asphalt emulsions contain up to 70% asphalt/bitumen and typically less t... | What allows asphalt to be mixed at higher temperatures? | 5ace6ccf32bba1001ae4a669 | null | -1 | A number of technologies | 0 | true |
Economy_of_Greece | After fourteen consecutive years of economic growth, Greece went into recession in 2008. By the end of 2009, the Greek economy faced the highest budget deficit and government debt-to-GDP ratios in the EU. After several upward revisions, the 2009 budget deficit is now estimated at 15.7% of GDP. This, combined with rapid... | What did the Greek economy have the lowest of at the end of 2009? | 5a7b2c6a21c2de001afe9d8c | null | -1 | budget deficit | 246 | true |
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