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10 amazing ancient forests around the world
Matt Bell,
Baobab forest, Madagascar
www.rudidundas.com/Beth Moon
Getting back to nature can be like going back in time, especially if you wander through one of these woodlands—all amongst the oldest on Earth.
Some are old growth, meaning they haven't been molested much by people, while others are forests that have been regenerating on the same land for time periods that make centuries look like seconds.
And a few, like the Bristlecone Pine Forest in California, are made up of some of the oldest existing living life forms.
Lace up your hiking boots, grab your pack, and prepare to enter some of the most ancient places on our planet.
The Tarkine, Australia
The Tarkine
Rob Blakers/ Getty
You can pull freshwater crayfish the size of lobsters out of the rivers in Tasmania's Tarkine forest. That's no exaggeration—the island's isolated Tarkine woodland is a glimpse back to life on Earth 300 million years ago.
It is the second largest swatch of temperate rainforest in the world and home to 3,000-year-old Huon Pines, the second oldest living trees in the world.
Visit today because less than five percent of the trees are protected and the forest is threatened by mining and logging. It's breathtakingly beautiful—a blanket of myrtle, blackwood, sassafras, and eucalyptus trees covering, ferny hills, waterfalls and gullies. Bunk at Bonorong's Tarkine Trails' Tiger Ridge, a hike-in only glamping getaway, little more than half-a-mile into the wilderness.
They lead day hikes through the most beautiful parts of the forest, and you're almost assured to see signs of the Tasmanian Devil— they work with the Tassie government to monitor these elusive and endangered critters.
Otherwise, there are a cluster of rustic towns surrounding the woods to call home—no matter which you pick, spend some time asking about the local Tarkine aboriginals, whose culture, like the forest, is in danger of disappearing.
The Aracuaria Forest, Chile
Araucaria Forest
Scott Zona/ Wikimedia
The Aracuraria tree, a Chilean pine which can live to be 1000 years old, is thought to have evolved its peculiar upside-down paintbrush shape to ward off plant-eating dinosaurs 180 million years ago.
Chile's since given these Jurassic-era beanstalks National Monument status. The forest is most gorgeous in central Chile's Conguillio National Park and Tolhuacaca National Park, with some astounding mountain backdrops. But you'll also see these trees if you do the Villaricca Volcano summit, the most popular day hike in the area.
You can book beforehand with Amity Tours or Summit Chile, but if you know some Spanish you can also pick up a guide in Pucón.
Head there between November and December and you'll catch the coning season, which yields pineapple-shaped conifers that produce seeds the indigenous Penuenche use in local dishes.
Yakushima Forest, Japan
BenedettaR/ Wikimedia Commons
The moss-covered stones and nappy roots of Yakusugi trees—Japanese Cedar—have been steeping in these constantly wet woods for around 7,000 years.
This small island's foliage was so beautiful to 17th Century Edo-era royalty, they cultivated lush gardens of it on the mainland. But the wide-trunked trees grow naturally all over Yakushima. Seeing this UNESCO World Heritage site is fairly straight forward—land at Yakushima Airport and either rent a car or take the bus that circumnavigates the mountainous island.
There are hotels along the northern and southern coasts. Shiratani-Unsuiky Park has the most easily accessed iconic spots, including the vision that inspired the backdrop of eco-animé classic Princess Mononoke.
If you hike the extended trails in the park, you can sleep in one of six semi-permanent shelters set up for campers. Look for the Takatsuka Hut, designed out of cardboard tubes by famed<|fim_middle|> than you ever imagined.
Having grown on this soil since before the time of homo sapiens, the Baobab is Africa's tree. No one knows for sure how old they are because their trunks are ringless, but carbon dating says anywhere from one to six thousand years old.
Thirty-one countries in Africa have baobabs, but Madagascar has the most species (six out of the nine). To protect them from deforestation—which is a growing concern in this country—the government and conservation groups have set up small reservesall over the country so that the Malagasy can thrive off the eco tourism they attract, rather than money made from cutting down the trees.
Each tree doubles as a home to the island's menagerie of unique and endangered animals: lemurs, fossas, and aye-ayes, among others. They're highlights on just about every tour of this Indian Ocean island, a three-hour direct flight from Johannesburg on South African Air.
Tongass National Forest, Alaska
Tongass National Forest
Mark Brennan / Wikimedia Commons
Sunlight drips through a patchwork canopy of elephantine spruce trees, some that are 700 years old, and creates sparkly green swatches on the dewy forest floor—this forest is rightfully referred to as a cathedral.
Tongass is the largest National Forest in the U.S., taking up most of the south Alaskan archipelago and has some of the most well-preserved North American old-growth forest, estimated to be in the thousands of years old.
Deer Mountain trail, a difficult but popular ten-mile trail, marches right through some of the best parts, but don't go alone—even the shorter routes are challenging (and potentially bear-filled). Find a guide in Ketchikan, the town closest to the fresh air.
Read the original article on AFAR.
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More: AFAR Travel Forests Features | green-architect Shingeru Ban. May and October are the driest times to go, but you should still pack for the rain.
Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest, California
The wind-twisted trunk of a dead Bristlecone Pine atop an arid mountain in the Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest in California's rugged White Mountains.
Gordon Wiltsie/ Getty
Bristlecone Pines look like Middle Earth vacation homes more than any timber in reality, but these groves living at nearly 10,000 feet are the oldest living trees on Earth. The most ancient, named Methuselah, is estimated to be 4,841 years old.
Her exact placement is kept a secret (to protect against vandalism) but you can walk amongst her family at the Inyo National Forest, about a three-and-a-half-hour drive from Los Angeles, in the highlands next to Sequoia National Forest.
Head to the Shulman Grove Visitors Center, where you'll find three brief nature hikes and the biggest known Bristlecone, called The Patriarch. Bring warm clothing if you go in winter.
Daintree Rainforest, Australia
Daintree Rainforest
Killerscene/ Wikimedia
Just a few hours flight north of Brisbane and then a two-hour drive up the coast is one of the most picture-perfect stretches of jungle beaches on the planet.
And it's said that millennia-old Aracuria trees and other tropical pines have mingled with the ancient fern in Daintree for 110 million years. Make your base near the ocean, which is also the Great Barrier Reef—there's everything from cheap hostels to luxury lodges.
Do the Mount Sorrow jungle hike, a 4.5-mile out and back to a beautiful lookout that takes 6-7 hours to accomplish. On the coast, kayak 5 miles out over see-through water and camp on Snapper Island.
For some local culture, check out the National Park, which is run by the Kuky Yalanji Aboriginal people and learn about how they used the trees for medicine with the aboriginal guides at Walkabout Adventures. Spend a day listening to the leaves rustle and the turquoise waves crash on quiet Coconut Beach and then make friends at the Cape Tribulation beach bar, Tides.
If you fall in love enough to miss your return flight, crack a smile (and possibly a beer) and saunter over to the Daintree Rainforest Observatory—they provide free accommodation to volunteers 18 and up.
Bialowieza Forest, Poland and Belarus
Bialowieza Forest
Kwz/ Wikimedia Commons
It always feels like winter is coming in Europe's most medieval forest, even in the dead of summer.
The Bialowiza is the last remaining stretch of old-growth forest on said continent—a 545-square-mile cobweb of Norway spruce and maple trees, silver birch, aspens, oaks, elms, and pines on a floor of decaying, fungi-covered trees, that've been gathering dust for over 7,000 years.
Kings and Tzars used the wilderness as their own personal hunting grounds until Poland and Belarus turned them into a National Park in the early 20th century. One World War shutdown and a Cold War or two later, and in 2015 park-goers could finally cross the border inside the forest without a visa.
Progress! Start in the village of Bialowieza, Poland, where you'll find food, hotels, and tour companies—or, begin in Brest or Kamenets in Belarus.
Rent a bike or just walk, but before moving on, be sure to visit the forest's buffalo, one of the only such herds in Europe.
The Amazon, Brazil and Peru
REUTERS/Enrique Castro-Mendivil
For 55 million years, the Amazon has sunk its roots into the terra of northern South America. Logging, slash-and-burn farming, and development have destroyed much of the old growth, but there are still a few ancient parts.
Mainly in the western Brazilian state of Acre and in the eastern Peruvian provinces of Madre de Dios and Ucayali, where un-contacted tribes still live in the jungle as they've done for thousands of years.
Can you visit? Not really. But you can get kind of close.
The Peruvian side is more easily accessed, but even then, your start points of Pulcallpa and Puerto Maldonado are slightly off the gringo trail. From these two cities, you can access Manu National Park and Alto Purus National Park, which some say have the longest living growth in the Amazon.
Waipoua Forest, New Zealand
Chen Hualin/ Wikimedia
Kauri trees stretched towards the sky throughout New Zeland's North Island undisturbed by humans until the Maori showed up in the 12th century.
The huge, 2,000-year-old bushy-topped-trees in the Waipoua Forest are the last remaining tract of land that resembles what it actually looked like pre-man, and it's only a two-and-a-half hour road trip from Auckland.
Too see the oldest—Tane Mahuta—it's a 5-minute walk from the parking lot, but also check out the famed 2-mile Yakas Walk. And probably book the glowworm-gazing tour in the caves above the Waipuoa River.
Before heading back to the big city, spend some on the coastline exploring the Maori history, and hit Dargaville, a small river town nearby, were you can book boat and kayak trips.
Baobab Forest, Madagascar and South Africa
he first time you lay eye on a Baobab tree, one sound will go through your head: The Lion King theme. Then, you'll notice that they're so much bigger in real life | 1,229 |
HomeFilm
Paul Thomas Anderson's The Master, with Philip Seymour Hoffman
September 23, 2012Huntley Dent
Filed UnderFilm
Philip Seymour Hoffman in Paul Thomas Anderson's The Master
Apocalypse then.
As an act of recollection, The Master captures the Fifties with perfect pitch, all the more remarkable because the film's creator wasn't there. Two stories collide from opposite directions. One is the story of an invisible man, a World War II veteran who never recovers from combat. The other is a charlatan savant skimming the gullible and rising to become a cult leader, the Master of the title. One life has slipped through the cracks, as adrift as Okies in the Dust Bowl but desolately lonely. The other life is a round-the-clock power play to grab the golden ring.
In our gossipaceous age, the film has been read as cinéma à clef about L. Ron Hubbard, the founder of Scientology. The similarities run close, down to the details of Scientology's science-fiction origins myth and the "auditing" of deformed psyches that will return them to perfection (here known as "processing"). Sitting alone, head in hands below decks on a yacht, Lancaster Dodd (Philip Seymour Hoffman under full sail) introduces himself as "a writer, a nuclear physicist, and a theoretical philosopher." In reality, he's that rascally pair, the Duke and the Dauphin from Huckleberry Finn, who traveled the muddy hamlets up and down the Mississippi River, passing themselves off as heirs to the French throne until the yawping and gawping turn sour and they get run out of town tarred and feathered.
Mark Twain laughed at these cheerful, strutting tuppenny rogues (Huck is taken in at first and later sympathizes when he sees their humiliating downfall). In the form of an updated, far more pernicious bamboozler, with his garbled message of space aliens, conspiracies against the human race "trillions of years old," and outlandish claims to cure "certain forms of leukemia" that began in prior lifetimes, Dodd is a spot-on satire on Hubbard.
What makes him fit for a panoramic allegory of the Fifties is the alchemy Dodd conjures with the shattered drifter, his secret twin soul, Freddie Quell (Joaquin Phoenix as a saturnine wraith). Here is a shell-shocked victim filled with such rage that it needs to be quelled – hence the name. Dodd uses Freddie as his "guinea pig and protégé." The two have secret drinking bouts together, knocked senseless by Freddie's secret potions, which he first brews out of coconut milk, transmission fluid from Jeeps, and toxic what-not in the South Pacific. Later his brews feature store-bought liquor taken to the edge of insanity by adding paint thinner.
As Freddie sinks into dependency on the Master, he wants to be broken down. His will to surrender is as powerful as Dodd's will to dominate. But he can't, because the war has done too much damage. Racism made Ralph Ellison the invisible man; here the job is done by shock and grief. Freddie is a type drawn from life, returning soldiers who had bonded through hideous violence and who agreed to keep their bond intact through silence about what they had suffered, but Freddie can't make the disguise fit. He's loosely s<|fim_middle|> is to "process" the girl the way the Master cruelly processed (i.e., humiliated) him.
But all that comes out are babbled fragments that make the poor girl giggle. She was only counting on a lark, not this Lost Boy without a Peter Pan. The booze will kill Freddie sooner than later, depending on how much paint thinner he throws in. Dodd will rule an empire of hollow men, twinkling away his fear, battening on other people's desperation to feel that it's all okay. Well, I'm okay, you're okay, so how did we take a wrong turn into hell?
Tagged WithcinemaJoaquin PhoenixL. Ron HubbardPaul Thomas AndersonPhilip Seymour HoffmanScientology
Huntley Dent is a freelance writer and editor who lives in Santa Fe.
Cinema Purgatorio
Vintage & Modern Posters, Bloomsbury Auctions New York, NY, Thursday, 12th November at 2:00pm
Goodnight Irene Directed by Paolo Marinou-Blanco
Alan Miller, a New York Arts / Berkshire Review editor, wins the Architect's Journal Writing Prize | utured, fixated on sex, numbed and addled by his boozing. He's failed at everything, even when he sinks so low that he's picking cabbages with Mexican migrant workers in the Central Valley, His only hope is oblivion in a mind cult.
The writer-director Paul Thomas Anderson loves to turn geek shows into epiphanies. His subjects in previous films – pornography, motivational hype, anger management, ruthless capitalism in the early days of oil drilling – have turned overripe in the California sun. The movies are cautionary tales without a caution, since Anderson never shows his hand; we don't know how much is documentary, how much satire, how much some other emotion (contempt? compassion?). His scalpel anatomizes lost souls in grim detail. But The Master evokes pity for Freddie and terror at the spectacle of Dodd, as if Aristotle's two requirements for tragedy have been divided up. Or maybe it's Platonic, like the androgynes split in two to create wandering halves desperate to come together again. In the Symposium the split androgyne is offered as an explanation for the origin of love by one of the banquet guests, Aristophanes.
As you'd expect from Athens' sharpest writer of comedy, Aristophanes precedes his allegory of the first, double-sexed beings by saying that it will sound ridiculous, but he has a serious intent, to explain why lovers feel whole when they are together. The same intent imbues this film. Dodd feels whole by having a perfect psychological slave; Freddie feels whole by finding a lost father. The implicit eroticism is only brought out in their parting scene, when Dodd banishes Freddie, then executes a volte face with a cunning gleam, crooning Frank Loesser's hit tune, "On a Slow Boat to China" as if wooing Freddie back. It encapsulates the Master's secret inner life:
I'd love to get you on a slow boat to China,
all to myself, alone.
Get you and keep you in my arms evermore,
leave all your lovers weeping on the far away shore.
When these lines are repeated, Dodd's expression turns vicious. He's the victorious sadist whether his masochist comes or goes. The mind cult is burgeoning; he has a whole raft of victims to choose from now.
What really fascinates about The Master, and raises it to the level of art, is the way the psychodrama of two social outcasts widens into a portrait of our era. The finger isn't pointing at the Fifties but at us. Anderson takes care not to turn postwar malaise into a cliché. The Bomb is mentioned once, the Beats not at all. That groove is too well worn. Consumerism, a jolly, never-ending parade of empty promises, isn't turned on its head, a la Randall Jarrell's melancholy tribute from 1962, A Sad Heart at the Supermarket. Thankfully, Anderson the writer doesn't summon the moldy ghosts of Holden Caulfield or Jack Kerouac. He sets his story entirely in 1950, the seed time of soul sickness before it effloresced in all directions.
The movie's allegory is blunt and brutal, at odds with its visuals. Many reviewers have noted that The Master is brilliantly photographed and staged in spectacular set pieces. The churning wake of a ship at sea is a recurrent symbol for Freddie's homelessness. An idyllic flower-lined street in the small Massachusetts town where he fell in love and then lost the girl exists in limbo between nostalgia and reality. Often such high-calorie visual feasting substitutes for meaning in Hollywood, and lurid theatrical turns, although red meat for actors, risk sounding hollow. In this case, however, Hoffman and Phoenix don't fight an acting duel (the loser has to be the winner's understudy in Barefoot in the Park). They plant their feet on solid Method ground, but unlike Brando, the show pony of Method moodiness who refused any social connection, these two connect with a vengeance.
The thrilling height of their compatibility comes in a jail scene after the cops have tracked Dodd down in Philadelphia, arresting him for bilking money from a disillusioned rich lady. As the Master is being led away, Freddie loses it and attacks the police, wrestling them with the ferocity of unleashed psychosis. The two men find themselves in adjoining jail cells, and the camera divides the screen for a long scene, with Phoenix on the left delivering a spectacular show of agitated derangement (banging his head on the steel bed, kicking the toilet until it shatters, tearing the shirt off his back while handcuffed). On the right, meanwhile, a rumpled Dodd has experienced humiliation too, but his tactic is to reassemble his smooth, oily façade, and it's astonishing to watch Hoffman undergo the transformation (a snake managing to slip back into its sloughed-off skin) while wrapping his silver tongue around his slave Freddie. No match-up can rival it for pure acting in recent years, and even Brando may have to hold their coats. (I shouldn't slight Amy Adams in a remarkable portrayal of Dodd's glint-eyed wife, the only person who knows his deep flaws but who is also the policeman guarding them from view. She's his fierce goader, Lady Macbeth in calico.)
One is reminded that America is so ripe for allegory for the simple reason that we are an allegory. The aspirations of the Pilgrims to find a new world where sin could be redeemed was fully explored in Terence Malick's masterpiece The Tree of Life (2011). That film ached for transcendence in a way that The Master doesn't. But the Fall is common to both. Seemingly Anderson works a limited, quirky territory, on the lunatic fringe of the postwar American dream. There's no reason to believe that these characters couldn't exist today, substituting the Iraq War for the South Pacific in World War II and a nascent shuck-and-jive guru somewhere beyond Bakersfield for Dodd's restless wandering to find new followers.
Freddie and Dodd are equally toxic and equally insane. Their quick violence is peculiarly American; so is their doomed optimism about becoming new again. Attention, Wal-Mart shoppers, we're offering two-for-one demons today. Joaquin Phoenix is so gaunt and haunted that we root for his redemption, however pitiful. Dodd's derangement is signified by his twinkly smile, a cousin to the secretive smile that Daniel Day Lewis put on display in Anderson's last film, There Will Be Blood (2007), but that portrayal of an entrepreneur destroying people with naked violence has morphed into something more slick and sly. Somewhere in the past, Dodd was once sane but too small in his sanity. What he wants is to be larger than life, a con job he can only pull off by setting up a P. T. Barnum cult and seeing how many fools enter the tent.
In the end, what stands out is a miraculous blend of filming, acting, and writing. You can't tear your eyes away from the moment-to-moment allure of a born cult leader, matched by the moment-to-moment destruction of a follower. Without editorial comment, Anderson is asking if all of us have become hypnotized. The methods are timeless; only the flavor of the spell changes. In the movie's pitiful coda, a bereft Freddie, thrown out of the cult's paradise, has picked up a floozy in a pub – Dodd had enticed him to come to England before abruptly banishing him. A pear-shaped girl sits over him in bed, and although he can still get it up, sort of ("Put it back in, it's slipped out," he mumbles), Freddie is a boozy mess. All he can think of | 1,620 |
Nicolas Stewart<|fim_middle|> Athletic F.C. players
American Soccer League (1921–1933) players
Brooklyn Wanderers players
Hartford Americans players
Kirkintilloch Rob Roy F.C. players
New Bedford Whalers players
Newark Skeeters players
Scottish footballers
Scottish expatriate footballers
Springfield Babes players
Association footballers not categorized by position
Scottish expatriate sportspeople in the United States
Expatriate soccer players in the United States
Year of birth missing | was a Scottish footballer who played in Scotland and the American Soccer League.
Stewart played for several teams in the Scottish Junior Football League including Shettleston Juniors, Maryhill Hibs F.C. and Kirkintilloch Rob Roy F.C. In 1926, he signed with the Springfield Babes of the American Soccer League. The Babes withdrew from the league just after Christmas 1926 and Stewart moved to the New Bedford Whalers for the rest of the season. In 1927, Stewart joined the Hartford Americans. Like the Babes, the Americans withdrew from the league early in the season and Stewart again moved to the Whalers. He remained with the Whalers except for loans to Brooklyn Wanderers and Newark Skeeters. In July 1930, he returned to Scotland where he joined Alloa Athletic
External links
References
Alloa | 186 |
As part of an approach he calls "Letters," students in Lane's classes are now required to e-mail a friend or family member back home about the work performed in labs each week.
It's caught on so well that Lane is even gaining attention from physics contemporaries across the country. An article he wrote about his method in the October issue of The Physics Teacher, a monthly peer-reviewed journal of the American Association of Physics Teachers, was the publication's most downloaded story for the month.
One student, for example,<|fim_middle|> article from the October issue of The Physics Teacher at the website www.scitation.org, click here. | wrote about the relationship between frequency and wavelength, including photos, charts and graphs.
"Another student wrote his first letter home to his grandmother, who was so excited to receive it because she wasn't allowed to take a physics class when she was in high school," he said.
Since the article's publication, Lane has received numerous requests from readers for more information, particularly for the assignment instructions and grading rubric he uses. One high school physics teacher was especially interested because she has a number of exchange students from China and sees the assignment as a way to help them connect with their families.
The seed for Lane's idea was planted in ongoing conversations with English Professor Ed McCourt about the challenges educators face to make writing assignments authentic.
The project has produced tangible benefits in the classroom – and for Lane, too. Students typically write the letters in an e-mail a day or two after lab concludes. Sometimes, this leads them to realize they missed a step, Lane noted, and they have to review the lab activity with their classmates or Lane to make their writing more complete.
"The letter home offers many advantages over the traditional lab report," Lane writes in his article. "In order to explain the lab in the letter home, students must engage cognitively during the activity and internalize the concept so that it becomes their own, emphasizing the 'writing as knowing' paradigm.
To read Lane's | 277 |
The Net Promoter Score® (NPS) measures a customer's experience of a brand and a companies predicted growth. It's calculated by taking away the percentage of detractors from the percentage of promoters, leaving a score between -100 and 100. This score allows a company to understand areas that might not be performing up to standard, as well as areas that are excelling and everything in between.
But what are detractors and promoters? Detractors are customers who score a company 6 or below, whereas promoters are customers who score a company a 9 or<|fim_middle|> app. Contact Jago and book a free demo today. | 10, all other customers are known as passives- they are generally satisfied but could easily switch to a competitor.
If all customers were detractors the NPS would be -100. However, if all of the customers were promoters then the total NPS would be 100. Using the NPS has been clearly shown to be a key indicator of business growth - in short, the better your NPS score the better your financial performance.
Now you understand what the NPS is, let's chat about what it means for your business.
Quality customer feedback is key to the positive growth of every business. To receive timely and accurate customer feedback Jago understands that you must ask customers at the right time. Which is directly after they have interacted with your company.
The customer will then answer this question using a simple scale from 0 to 10. From this interaction with a customer using the NPS, a company will have a firm understanding of how happy a customer is with their product or service. Which means if a customer has a negative experience it can be addressed immediately, turning a negative into a positive, all thanks to the Net Promoter Score.
Jago understands that time is money and companies want to see a return on investment almost instantly. That's why we created an easy to use app to integrate the Net Promoter Score into your business.
This innovative app creates a seamless process allowing a company to start tracking customer satisfaction almost straight away. Companies will be able to monitor how many detractors, promoters and passives they have and can start implementing new customers service strategies to address any issues that are discovered.
The Net Promoter Score also allows companies to track their performance on a day to day basis. A company's customer service is not static. This means your NPS may vary from day to day. At a glance, Jago's NPS will let you know how happy your customers are and how likely they are to recommend your business to other people.
Now You Have Your Net Promoter Score, How Can You Increase Your NPS?
It's important that once a company receives its NPS that it continues to analyse their results and communicate with customers and staff. A company will not increase its NPS overnight, meaning that monitoring your NPS is something that must continue throughout the whole lifespan of a company.
The overturn of staff during the lifespan of a business means that customer service may be amazing one day and be lacking another day. Monitoring the NPS also means that you can understand what department needs more training, or maybe a new strategy altogether.
By monitoring the NPS a company is able to discover what departments need improving, which will result in an increased Net Promoter Score. This is information a company would not be able to receive without the use of Jago's NPS.
As business people, Jago wanted a tool that could connect businesses to people in a convenient way, that managed online reputations, could build customer loyalty and create amazing customer experiences.Jago is a quick, easy and affordable way to get instant feedback from your customers. No other tool on the market provides the complete solution: instant customer feedback, benchmarking and reporting, a customer loyalty program and the ability to monitor individual store performance all in one easy-to-use | 660 |
Pine Crest Elementary School fifth grade teachers and students for the 1990-1991 school year. The principal for the school year was Tim Seibert and the assistant principal was Kathy Cody.
Pine Crest Elementary opened in 1955 at 405 West 27th Street in Sanford, Florida. The school was built in order to accommodate the growing population of baby-boomers that led to<|fim_middle|> Private Collection of Christine Kinlaw-Best.
Woodworth, Darlene. Interviewed by Autumn Reisz. UCF Public History Center, HAR 1063413P. March 2, 2013. Audio/video record available. UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.
Copyright to this resource is held by Pine Crest Elementary and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.
"Pine Crest Elementary." Pine Crest Elementary, Seminole County Public Schools. http://teachercenter.scps.k12.fl.us/education/components/scrapbook/default.php?sectiondetailid=60912&&PHPSESSID=62be91cca7519540463cfa5be7e5eecf.
"About Us." Pine Crest Elementary, Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.pinecrest.scps.k12.fl.us/Home/QuickLinks/AboutPineCrestElementary.aspx.
Swann, Patty Johnson. "I Remember Pine Crest From 1955-2004." Sanford Historical Society, September-October 2005, 1 and 4. http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/newsletters/sep2005.pdf.
"Pine Crest Elementary Fifth Grade Class, 1990-1991." RICHES of Central Florida accessed April 19, 2019, https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/1517. | overcrowding at Southside Elementary and Westside Grammar Elementary School. Margaret Reynolds, the daughter of the owners of Kader's Jewelry store on Park Avenue, was the school's first principal. Several of the teachers and staff at Southside, including Reynolds, transferred to Pine Crest when it opened.
Original color photograph: | 63 |
AppleSoftware
The Software: Quickeys X2
QuicKeys is CE software that dates way back in time. It can be integrated with the Mac OS 9.x. QuicKeys can easily be enhanced to the X2. Most QuicKeys have become so dependant on the software to a level that they cannot simply do without it.
The QuicKeys is software that enables the user to add key tabs on the existent keyboard that will add to its functions.
The QuicKeys has a basic function that allows the user to introduce new programs. The procedure is simple as it requires on to press on the control function simultaneously with the initial letter of the name of the program. The control-p function is used to unlock the Photoshop while the control-w unlocks word. In situations where two different programs have similar initial letters then one can make use of the Shift or the Alt tabs.
When one wants to select URLS and specific addresses on their email then they can select from the preferred menu or simply press Control-Alt-w which wills them to access wpdfd.com, Google, Amazon and the like.
QuicKeys can also be used to type contents. One needs to press two or three tabs and this will enable them to type content on HTML, CSS and even Java script.
QuicKeys has the ability to automatically align a series of tasks in one program or more. The procedure is easy and requires one to turn to record mode after which one will analyze the series of tasks and then<|fim_middle|> series manually as opposed to making use of the keystrokes to spar remembrance of a series of events.
QuicKeys allows the user to make use of repeat circles that is very advantageous in the sense that one can carry out repeat jobs more conveniently. The program is so user friendly that one can simply instruct the program and direct it on how many times they require a certain task to be repeated. Quickens allows the user to cater for time lapses and thus one can have their email downloaded even if they are away.
For the Mac version users, they can add on to the strength of QuicKeys by merging it with AppleScript. The two run concurrently and symbiotically as either can give directions to the other. However, this service may not benefit all Mac version users as not all the Mac version programs will work together with the AppleScripts.
QuicKeys 2.1
Features 80%
Ease of Use 85%
'Must Have' Factor 95%
Manufacturer CE Software
Price $99.95 – Mac OSX, Mac Classic, Windows
Summary Invaluable productivity booster.
initial letter
initial letters
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Web Content Copyright, Active Contact Links Should be a Must
An Outline of XHTML
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The big interview Oleg Zabara about the preparations for the Grand Prix of Russia
The last Grand Prix of Hungary visited by the delegation of the organizers of the race in Sochi, which was headed in Budapest came Deputy General Director of JSC «the Center «omega» Oleg Zabara, which is responsible for many aspects of organization and holding of the upcoming Grand Prix of Russia.
A half-hour interview nonf1.ru he spoke about the pace of the construction of the route chosen by the date of the race, the fans and many other things.
Q Oleg, first of all what is the main purpose of your visit in Budapest You have been a few meetings.
Oleg Zabara As always, in addition to the scheduled meetings, in the course of the visit, the new ones appear. The main objective was to arrive with the team of the company "Panorama" to study the production of a television signal. We speak one language with technical personnel, we were four man team of Vasily Kiknadze and two days have studied the work of the three television compounds.
Question They will deal with the television picture in Sochi
Oleg Zabara They probably will be. To study the subject, they arrived. - Experience of work in the field of display sporting events in Russia, but Formula 1 is a little different. So they came to look specifically, like a picture engaged in here. They are going to make conclusions as to in what way they may participate in the work and whether at all.
Question in Addition are now actively discussing the calendar for next year.
Oleg Zabara We calendar already discussed - application date I made a few days before we came here. This is not new and is already not a subject for discussion. We discussed with the President Bernie Ecclestone race support. Which will be held at the Grand Prix of Russia in Sochi, I still can't say exactly. There are different plans. Including classics GP2 and GP3.
Question Bruno Michel told us in the interview that they are interested in, to spend race in Sochi.
Oleg Zabara. They are very eager to come to Sochi. We, in principle, also would like to see them. It all depends on sponsors opportunities. One thing to want another to have the opportunity. Now to GP2 and GP3 were as support, we need to work together with them to try to find sponsors - whether it will be our company or not ours, who are ready to support the holding of these races in Russia. We will prepare the package of proposals, even a few packages, and in the near future will begin the work in this direction. In time we do not so much. Until September we need to decide.
Question While we did not go far from the topic GP2. This year the championship debut Russian Time, and its Board of cars decorated with the logo, which on the subject one way or another relate to the Grand Prix of Russia in Sochi.
Oleg Zabara We are closely cooperating with the team, Igor Mazepa. Communication takes place in a very positive way. We support them in all your endeavors. They respond the same.
Question do You have the logo is kind of a good gesture on the part of the leadership team
Oleg Zabara Yes, absolutely. "Sochi is cool" is a kind of our promise, this is, if you notice more and hashtag "" style, I would say, a carefree childhood. To give the message that Sochi is not a place for work, this place of recreation for children, for the sun, sea.
Question Back to date. Grand Prix is scheduled for 19 October. How the date was selected, what factors have become crucial in the decision making
Oleg Zabara You know that in the Formula 1 dates are not chosen. We knew it was going to be October. Preparing for this, but a specific date, we have not had, and recently received a letter in which President Bernie Ecclestone it was announced. We fully fit.
Question Charlie whiting already visited Sochi. What are the further plans When you wait for it again
Oleg Zabara I think Charlie whiting joining us now after the Olympic games. Recently he was with the General inspection. By and large tested, how the work is going, whether all correspond to safety requirements, correctly put plum rain, wires and so on. Looked building, garages. He was satisfied expressed my opinion in the press.
Two weeks ago we visited also Isabelle Kauffmann, head of the Paddock Club. She looked that we have, that we are ready to provide. Yes, are there any comments. But these are details. For example, she said "We would like the wires were to 20 centimeters closer to the wall", any such things. It's the details, which in principle is very important. Because the details are the most important. Of the parts is all. There will be a slight problem with the injector engine - all, the machine out of the race. And the detail itself is tiny. But overall, it was very pleased. Says that not expected this kind of see. Moreover, as you can see, compared to other Paddock Club on the slopes of Formula 1, ours is a great and beautiful.
If here, in Hungary, Paddock Club occupies one floor and a temporary tent on the roof, we have three full floors and the roof is open. Will we use it fully or not, we have not yet decided. But nonetheless, the sheer size of the Paddock Club, is impressive.
Question On social networking pages are constantly updated photos, so that the process of construction of track quite easily. Could you briefly tell us about what are the next steps
Oleg Zabara At the moment, ends external cladding of buildings. Next will be held internal work communications, ventilation, fire alarm system, interior. In principle, is all. We must pass objects Olympic Committee during the Games. Their inner work we complete completely after a few months.
Some of the buildings are already finished and locked, waiting for the moment of acceptance by the organizing Committee. But in principle already fully prepared for the Formula 1. Before the Olympic games, we have to give the objects in use. And then we'll finish the track, laid out the final layer of asphalt. Technically, should be cut to the certain layer and then coated with polymer special asphalt. In addition barrage construction, on a temporary part of the route is also to be mounted after the Olympics. By and large, that's all.
Question How many visits planned in the next year
Oleg Zabara you Know, Charlie may come to at least a hundred times. Only he may decide there are no specific figures. If he comes and sees that everything is going well, complied with all rules, people listen to what he says, he's easy to convey a message - once again he will not come. Yes, if somewhere who could barely understand him and makes all his own way, constant control is needed. I hope we will not need.
Question speaking about promotion. Recently, there were reports that such events Moscow City Racing will be held in several cities of Russia. Sochi among them
Oleg Zabara We talked about this. In their plans to develop the Northern and southern directions. We, in turn, are interested in such actions. Because any movement of motor sport in any form - show or competition is very important. If not attract fans, not to the events of such a plan, we will be empty stands. Then why are we doing this
We do this to people came, looked, they were interested, inspired by Motorsport. Send their children to learn, they themselves went on . It is important for us. These shows is also a tool. In turn, Svetlana Korshunova said that they have two programs at the Siberian part of Russia, the Urals, and southern direction Rostov, Sochi, Krasnodar. According to my information, on the South direction they have no sponsors. Of course we provide all possible support, which can in our region. If you need administrative support - we are always happy to help. After all, it is important for us. What they do is great.
I heard criticism. Recently on the radio Oksana Pavlovna skeptically spoke of Moscow City Racing, said that this event is not necessary. I do not agree. This need to Moscow. And we need it. Great that by the Kremlin passing cars of Formula 1. This is an awesome picture. Is to attract fans to motorsports.
Question perhaps the main theme now - signing of the agreement between the team Sauber and three Russian companies. The goal of the cooperation is mentioned in Hungary and Moniz - is the popularization of sport in Russia and assistance in promotion of the Grand Prix in Sochi. You have some common ground
Oleg Zabara We communicate with Nikolai Wind Manager Sergey Sirotkin - editor's note. I congratulated them on the conclusion of the transaction. It's great that Russia in 2014 will be presented not only a pilot, but a team. See we already have Marussia in Formula 1, team Russian Time in GP2, now Sauber beginning of cooperation with companies from Russia. Gradually the country is gaining greater representation in the world of Formula 1. I believe that next year will return and Vitaly Petrov. He's a great pilot with experience in playing in the Formula 1.
Question How often do you meet
Oleg Zabara and We meet at different events, the last time in St Petersburg. He is very positive young man. In motorsports not always meet such people. I am Sure he will succeed. The more Russian pilots of Formula 1 - the better.
Question You never answered the question, do you have the points of contact with new partners Sauber.
Oleg Zabara All my communication over the fact that I congratulated Vetrova, and invited them to take part in the September motor show in the framework of the International investment forum in Sochi. They bring the car Sauber or not, I don't know yet - I offered to do this. About plans, about promotion, specifically on the year 2014, we didn't talk yet.
Question do you intend to hold test events for the week or two before the weekend
Oleg Zabara We discussed this with the RAF. Fundamentally, we have these obligations no. We, as a promoter, I would like to run the track, no doubt about it. RAF, which will be responsible for sport part, of course, also would like to try out the staff that she will teach that invite. And us, and they are interested. The question is who will Finance To conduct a test event is a serious financial burden. That is not my concern. I naturally can estimate the cost. But who is to allocate the funds
Question This may be competitions of the championship of Russia
Oleg Zabara Naturally. We have a wonderful formulas series Aleksandr Ananyev "Formula Russia". Every year it grows and adds. Of course, we met, he even suggested to make a headquarters in Sochi, to found a school of learning. We are for. Our climatic conditions for year round for training, and I hope that Russia will enter an increasing number of pilots. For now, those, who is leading Championships - they all learned in Europe. Our school is, unfortunately, can not compete. But it will be good route, will be pilots. We are very glad that there is such a racetrack as Moscow Raceway is a very good track.
Question Back to the testing competitions. The question only in the financing of, or more, and in terms, say, of delivery of objects construction is completed
Oleg Zabara of which By maturity I'm sure we have time - even with the stock - to conduct a test event. Calmly. But it costs money. I can carry out the calculations, but who will allocate the means for this, I can't say. I understand that the Grand Prix of Russia is a project of the Federal and if it is a financial burden will be on the Krasnodar region, where I live myself, it falls on the taxpayer Krasnodar region. Accordingly, each person of the Krasnodar territory will say "why am I paying for a test event, which goes for all of Russia" It is important to share responsibility.
Question let's Talk about fans. When in Moscow was held the final of the Champions League, was simplified visa regime for those who bought tickets for the match.
Oleg Zabara I understood the question. The question of visas in these days, we asked all. I understand the situation. Naturally, we are working to maximally simplify all procedures associated with attending the race - and I'm not talking about visas even. We set ourselves the task to simplify the way from home to the rostrum. No matter where a person lives in Moscow and other cities of Russia, Ukraine, other countries - we want to make his way to the podium was comfortable.
Why did man come to Formula 1 He can come no one, wife, child, and so on. Whatever we do in life, we always do something - come, buy, look only for the sake of emotions. Together they are different negative, positive. For us it is important for a person to receive the maximum amount of positive emotions hungry remained, race looked at his wife at the time with the child went least the sea. Moreover, I am talking about people with different incomes.
A visa Yes, we will make every effort. I'm not saying that they are cancelled. I can't do this, I am not the President of the country, I can't say "Come on." Naturally introducing a simplified regime for obtaining visas we work. How he will be simplified, now I can not say.
Question Direct flights to Sochi.
Oleg Zabara .start working - very soon there will be ten of direct flights. To they will be introduced. As the flywheel will unwind then, how much will flights in the end before the Grand Prix - it depends on including from the us. Therefore, we are positioning Sochi is the case not only for the Grand Prix. Saying that "Sochi is cool" - we are trying to show in Sochi you can go not only to the Olympics, not only the Formula 1. Yes - and for this. But this is not the main things to attract people "Here, in Sochi there is a Formula 1, there must go". Open regular direct flights only due to the Grand Prix, no one will. We have a wonderful beaches, the winter gorgeous ski resorts in the Alps.
Question Many interest rates on hotels. Because, for example, prices for hotels in Austin last year unpleasantly surprised.
Oleg Zabara See. We were in America Grand Prix. Hotel in which we stayed the three-star, weak, which in everyday life" worth a maximum of 40, during the race cost of USD 260. That is the price tag because of Formula 1 rises. There is a demand, there is supply. This market.
Of course we will make sure that people of different wealth had the opportunity to come. So they can stop in places in proportion to their income. But in Sochi a large number of hotels of different class. Enormous. Another plus Sochi and Adler in October - this is not the season. You know that in Sochi and Adler in the holiday season the number of tourists increases in times. Housing there are many, but when the season ends, it becomes more available. In the winter, I know many of you live in hotels for 500 rubles a day. Many places in the world where the accommodation can be rented for 20 dollars a day
Question That is just the situation on the market will force prices up
Oleg Zabara of Course, there will be some markup. of Course, for example, prices in hotels overlooking the track, will be higher than the price of the ticket to the Paddock Club. Otherwise there's just no reason to, if you can watch the race from the window of your room. Other hotels will act according to the market situation. We will probably have some limitations.
Question When you say "restrictions"are there any tools that will allow for it
Oleg Zabara judging by the Olympics. We have experience and tools to regulate prices. But honestly, I doubt very much that they have to use.
Real market is huge. Will be organized preliminary sale of tours, tickets. A booking.com, where it's possible to book tickets, there are a lot of Sochi hotels. Everything works fine and modern. I am sure there are no problems. Have the opportunity to stop, for example, in Krasnaya Polyana. We have comfortable electric train, which reaches 30 minutes to the highway. Krasnaya Polyana in autumn - this is not a ski resort, snow yet, because of rooms in excess. There's great hotels. By train without traffic jams. Station is right in front of the circuit. Got a train came, looked at the race.
text Oleg Karpov
Mark Webber the Formula 1 - a real gift for Austria
Pilot Red Bull's mark Webber believes the news about the return of Formula 1 in Austria one of the best for the last time." this ring were unique and interesting race, " said Webber. - Track is located in a picturesque place surrounded by high snow-capped mountains, so that the tourists will be to spend megabytes of memory of their cameras. Together with the new Grand Prix, which entered the season calendar 2014 Cup in Austria will be a real decoration of the championship. I am happy for Austria for the Formula-1 for it is real and unexpected gift".Webber is one of the few pilots among the biathletes, who caught the conduct of the Australian Grand Prix. In 2002 mark finished 12th year later - 7-m.
Sebastian Vettel admires
During the Grand Prix of Monaco, the leader of the world rally championship Sebastien Ogier, became a guest of the Red Bull Racing team, expressed his wish one day to sit behind the wheel of a Formula 1. In addition, he suggested that Sebastian Vettel would also like to try their hand at the wheel of a rally car. But the German am not so sure.
«I don't think about it, " said Vettel. - However, I admire what makes these guys. Remarkable skill - use these machines in the forest, on the snow, on the pavement. At incredible speed.»
Journalists asked Sebastian, wouldn't he in such a case, a ride on a rally car on site Navigator.
«May be on the test site, but not during a race, " said Vettel. - I don't like to be a passenger. Don't like being unable to control the situation. In such moments it seems that everything happens much faster than you actually are.»
In fact Sebastian already ridden a rally car - Kimi Raikkonen took him to Amateur rally. According to Vettel, feeling his unforgettable.
«This is just nuts, " recalls German. - Especially on the snow. We drove up to the 90-degree turn, and my brain was screaming, "Wait, wait". However, he braked much later. Thanks to the spikes, the machine is still slowed down, but it was still scary. Then I tried it and even got pleasure from driving. But what they are doing - a completely different level».
F3 Rosenquist won the first race, - second
If Friday in the vicinity of the even saw snow, Saturday weather cleared, dry asphalt, although it was cool. Yesterday Daniel won the right to start from pole position in all three races stage of Euro F3 on Red Bull Ring, but in the first turn the peloton headed launched the second Felix Rosenquist.
21-year-old Swede confidently controlled the race, gradually increasing the gap and eventually finished the first, won a third win of the season, helped reduce the gap from the leader individuals Rafael .
finished second behind the leader 14 seconds, but confidently ahead of who came third Jordan's king's Cup for the second place, he presented on the podium Helmut Marko. finished the race in fourth place. After a few hours on the Red Bull Ring will be the second race weekend of the Euro F3.
The results are preparing.
text Dmitry Bukharov
F3 Daniel won three pole position for the Red Bull Ring
Daniel won all three poles in two qualifications Austrian stage of European Formula 3, which runs on the track Red Bull Ring former A1 Ring. Rossiyanin, who plays for the team Carlin, headed by the Protocol on the free practice in the morning, and then dominated during the qualifying sessions.
The track in met participants of the championship surprise weather - the entrances to the bumper cars were swamped with snow. The track, however, is not affected, so that the races were not cancelled. All of the sessions, however, were on the wet pavement.
In the first qualification of its separation from the second place, which took the pilot of M252cke Motorsport Felix Rosenquist, was small, of 0.040 seconds, but was in the lead during the whole session. The leader of the championship, an Academy student Ferrari Rafael , was only 13-m.
In the starter sheet of the second race, which is formed in accordance with the second best of times of the first qualification, surpassed runner-up Lucas wolf already on 0,226 seconds. And time was only 16th. In the second qualification managed to climb to second place, but lost already 0,453 seconds.
Grand Prix of Monaco Press conference on Thursday
Participants Alain Prost Renault F1 Sport, Gerard Lopez Lotus, Christian Horner Red Bull Racing, French Toast Toro Rosso, Robert Force India, Paul Pirelli
Question Alain, we have not seen you at a press conference FIA - welcome Tell us about your role in the Renault Sport.
Alain Prost From 2012, I perform the duties of the Ambassador of the brand Renault. Over the past few years we together solved different questions, and in this season I was a consultant for strategy and joined the Executive Committee.
Question How far has Renault in preparation for the next season
Alain Prost Everything goes according to plan, the final version of the motor must experience on a dynamic stand in July.
Question When Renault Sport will be determined by a number of clients 2014
Alain Prost Personally, I don't participate in the negotiations with the teams, but everyone knows that in the course of this weekend, this topic will be continued. I can not name any specific dates - only hope that the situation will be resolved very soon.
Question Paul, let's go to you. Around the tyres unfolded a real debate. How do you assess the influence of tyres on the results of the races, and what changes we can see in Canada
Floor The fans, the commentators and teams of different opinions, it is impossible to please everybody. It seems to us that the situation is the same for all the teams have absolutely identical compositions, and the victory in any case gets only one.
Stage in Canada We agree settings adjustments, trying to minimize them - first of all, for reasons of equity. But what I would really like to resolve is the problem with stratification rubber arising when running wheels on some chip. By this picture looks very unpleasant, although the bus to return to the boxes.
We consult with the teams. Of course, someone might want something else, and we, again, don't expect to please everyone. But we must do what is right and sports, and for our company.
Question since we have touched upon the subject of tyres, it would be nice to hear the opinion of the team leaders. Christian, can I start with you What do you think about tyres Pirelli in 2013 and the nature of race in General
Christian Horner We are stable, but the bus in a number of cases were stretched - including Malaysia and Bahrain, where we managed to achieve victory. Well, that Pirelli decided to pay attention, first of all, for safety reasons as a result of the stratification of the rubber from the wheels come off fairly large chunks, no one would wish they hooked up the machine, or worse, someone who sits in the cockpit. As far as I know, this circumstance bothers and riders, but in Pirelli real professionals - they know what to do, and probably quickly solve the problem.
Question Gerard, do you share the opinion of the Christian Tyres really work at the limit
Gerard Lopez We are too concerned about security, and we support all steps aimed at reducing the risk. Let tyres and work at the limit, we, however, consider them sufficiently stable, but you know - different machines, different drivers, different styles of piloting. We have rubber works as it should, and we are quite satisfied.
Question Franz how things in the Toro Rosso
Franz Toast to the Problem started during the tests. In February it was pretty cool, and did that in Jerez we could work in a more or less acceptable mode, whereas in Barcelona, we had no real opportunity to check your tire. Whether the weather is a little warmer, some of the existing problems would be eliminated. Hopefully in the future we will be tested in the same environment in which we act in the race, and then in Pirelli be able to react promptly and to offer quick solutions. Well, if we talk about the Toro Rosso, currently we do not have any particular difficulties with rubber.
Question Robert, your view of the security and the nature of the race What do you say
Robert I Think in the Pirelli worked very well. We are committed to the situation when during the race the participants spend an average of two or three pit stop, and among the twenty stages of the championship will inevitably there is such where the riders will stay four times, and such, where they will cost only one visit in the boxes. But in General, the average number of pit-stops will remain the same, and here I agree with Paul the situation is the same for all.
Any of the teams prefer to focus resources on the revision of the suspension in the calculation of the optimal performance tires, someone to continue the experiment with the aerodynamics - everyone make his own choice, but one goal - maximum competitiveness. Eventually, the machine is in contact with the motorway in four points and it doesn't matter what you do you have to get the bus to work.
Question Alain, I'm sure you watch the races. In terms of entertainment situation in contemporary Formula 1 can be called balanced or significance bus factor is too great
Alain Prost More recently, many criticized the lack of entertainment, and we got lucky, since we have the opportunity to observe such an unpredictable race. In the past several years, the title was solved literally in the final of the Grand Prix
Next year in Formula 1 will come the new engines, the emphasis will shift towards technology, people will talk more about how these engines are close to production of road automotive industry, but anyway we have to save entertainment. Sure, this particular difficulties will not arise, and now I have no reason for criticism.
Question Franz, both of your racer to have a second season in the Toro Rosso. What progress you are looking for Jean-Eric and Daniel Riccardo They both are members of the youth program of Red Bull are something that can enable them in the future go in the Red Bull Racing
Franz Toast Both drivers significantly added to the speed understand better car, a better understanding of the technical issues. They are constantly making progress, and if we give them enough of a competitive car, earn points.
Of course, in this pair of Riccardo more experience, he had eleven races for HRT, but Jean-Eric came to us with a good knowledge and learns quickly. I hope that they both confidently hold the second half of the season - of course, if the car is quick enough - well, then we will see what future awaits them.
Question Christian, I suppose, as the head of the Red Bull Racing you see all the participants of the youth programme
Christian Horner Of Course. Daniel and Jean-Eric for several years already participate in the programme, and we with great interest observe their career. They are both very talented, progress and are quite decent. I am sure we will continue to keep them in sight.
Question We are approaching the stage of the season when the Red Bull Racing and mark Webber will discuss a contract for next season. That may affect the course of negotiations When you meet with mark What do you think about his prospects
Christian Horner Ahead of only the sixth stage, I have enough time. At the right moment we meet with mark, and he will tell us their plans.
We want, that we were the best riders. Mark and Sebastian became very successful duet - they win for the Red Bull Racing three of the Cup of designers and Brand contribution to this success is difficult to overestimate. I repeat at the right time is not now - we get together and talk about the future.
Question Gerard, can I ask you about the racers Kimi Raikkonen recently hinted that he has a couple of options for next season. Sure, the Lotus would like to keep it, but is it real
Gerard Lopez Kimi quite happy with the current situation. I know him very well - with the same success he could claim that stops career, and I wouldn't make any predictions. While Kimi gets what he wants - competitive car - our chances to keep it high enough. About other factors - see. No prior agreements no, at some point, we will meet with Kimi and discuss prospects. On the one hand, the situation may be solved differently, but on the other hand, says that Kimi is likely to remain in the Lotus. In General, we'll see.
Question do you Feel the internal pressure due to the fact that should provide Kimi and Novel machine, allowing to win, and external pressure from the side of competitors, who are interested in your racers
Gerard Lopez I don't think you need some additional pressure - I create it in the required quantities. Nice if you have a driver who wants to get the most competitive car and capable to realize its potential - Kimi is capable. In the rest it needs only the environment in which he could work, and he receives it.
Question Robert, Force India had a strong start to the season. This led the team to review the tasks of the year Given its recent results fifth place in the Cup of designers now looks quite real
Robert At least, we should aspire to. I am sure it will be very difficult to compete with McLaren during the whole season, but they, too, have to at some point redistribute efforts in favour of the preparation for next year, and it all depends on what progress they can achieve with the current machine. Well, we already adjusted their plans, and our leadership wishes to see us fifths.
Question Alain, if we talk about current French racers, whether there is in them something that will one day become the world champion
Alain Prost a Difficult question Over the past twenty years many French drivers called future Champions, but let's give the guys a chance to quietly do its job. Great that we now have four representatives of France in the different forces teams. The Novel is perhaps the best chances to achieve at least a debut victory in the near future, but let's be patient. Do not expose riders excess pressure - them it is already lacking.
Question Kate Walker - GP Week Question for all but Simple. If we talk about tyres, there is an opinion that many of the difficulties caused by lack of Pirelli modern machines for tests, whereas in your machines are DRS, KERS and many other innovations. Been sharing option of investing in the development of special chassis, say, Dallara, in which Pirelli could use to test In this case, none of the teams would not have received benefits, and would benefit all. Christian
Christian Horner the fact that we'll never agree. When Lotus was not in the best form, the team helped provide machine for tests. Now they are fast, and some of the participants dissatisfied with the fact that it can't exactly run your test. The question is complex and for the teams and for Pirelli, but ultimately in our power not to complicate it even more.
I think in the current situation of the fans is extremely difficult to follow the race with four pit stops. Just need to go back and fix all the problems affecting the security of the Grand Prix.
Question Kate Walker - GP Week I was asking about. I was interested that the team can do together to remedy the situation, instead of simply criticize tire producer. Sure, you have the opportunity to work together so that everyone is happy with the decision.
Christian Horner I do Not think that you can achieve a situation in which everyone will be happy - this is the fundamental problem. You can, of course, allow tests, but difficulties remain, because different machines behave differently. So I will be very surprised if at some point the team suddenly say, «Well, we all and build a machine for tire supplier».
Question Franz
Franz Toast I think that the first part of the Friday free-race - or the first half-hour session should be devoted to the tests of new tyres, and not just sitting in boxes, as it is today. Fans in the stands, cars no, although it is enough to give half an hour of checking the tires I defend this option for two years.
Question Gerard, your opinion
Gerard Lopez I Agree with Christian that Formula 1 is difficult to achieve consensus on any issue - whether it is a bus, or something else. This will continue, because all participants compete not only the situation on the highway, but also outside it. Again, I perfectly remember when the teams invited to provide machine, which now has nothing to do with the current models, all agreed, and today almost every thunders that understands how to work with these tyres.
Difficult to find equally mutually acceptable variant. Perhaps the idea to Friday tests more than is reasonable, but there are those who disagree, - such are the specifics of the Formula 1. There will always be those in favor and those opposed, but we all need to move on.
Question Robert
Robert I Think the idea of Franz deserves attention, and I would like to develop this idea of attracting to the tests of young drivers - this would solve both questions at once. However, Pirelli - like any participant of the championship enough resources to work off the track. The same problem with stratification of tyres can be solved on the test bench - I think there will be organized the process in the long term.
Question Paul, how difficult is it for Pirelli work without the traditional Formula 1 approaches to the test
Floor This is just the case when you are criticized and the action and inaction. It is impossible to reach a common agreement, and if develop tyres on the basis of a specific chassis, it may play into the hands of the individual participants. So we are thinking about adjusting approaches.
One of the participants wants change, for someone they are not needed at all. Friday tests are useful when you are ready to present a new development, however, you cannot work on Friday, with eleven teams and multiple specifications, rubber - such tests would not be significant. Perhaps the best option would be to host the winter tests in hotter areas - for example, in Abu Dhabi and Bahrain to estimates and calculations were close to reality.
Also, be aware that the next season, by the way, we have no new contract - we are not immune to surprises. Judging by the teams, the new engines generate more torque, which increases the risk of slipping tyres and, consequently, the risk of overheating and wear. Need to find a balance. Commands are limited in resources, the test brigade eliminated, but some intermediate options would be very useful. Even if the team several times during the season remained on the road for two days after the end of the weekend, it already would have a big effect.
Question Dieter - The Citizen Alain, as Ambassador to the Renault Sport, how do you feel about the situation when a society dominated by the opinion that Cup of constructors won last year motors Infinity On the t-shirt of the head of the Red Bull Racing five logos Infinity and only two Renault logo, although the French concern fully finances the construction of motors. What do you say
Alain Prost it is Always difficult to answer such questions. Perception in General is correct, so it must be. Everyone knows that Renault is involved in Formula 1, but at the moment the European car market is in a certain stagnation, and the company is looking for a new image, new markets - Russia, Brazil, India, China. Many would like to see in Formula 1 a complete team Renault, but the strategy of the concern is very clear everything should remain as it is now. I must say, this plan works the company managed to strengthen its brand, it sells more cars.
As I said, the current perception of the situation differs from that which would be the case with the factory team. But back to the strategy over the last thirty-seven years, Renault has passed a way from the national team to partner Williams and Benetton, then has returned to itself the status of the factory team, and now supports a team within previous three years is always won in the championship. In the future the approach may change, but for now, we must adhere to the strategy, which was selected by the head of the group.
Q Dan - Auto Action/National Speed Sport News Question for Alena. Now many say that riders can't go in full force throughout the race. Remember the season in which you had a very fast machine - say, 1985. What part of the race, you could go for 100 When you did not have such a possibility, on what percentage you posted, and what elements of machines, you had to keep in calculating get to the finish line
Alain Prost it is not Easy comparisons such as the current machines are so perfect that in normal conditions racer can safely go in full force. Just this season tires too soft, which complicates the situation. In my day we had to track rather brakes, transmission, fuel consumption, and the tires, too. Again, the rules were different in some period we had three types of rubber, we were free to replace, and I often went with stricter tires on the left wheels and softer on the right, and in 1981 in Las Vegas and even held a race with the qualification rubber front.
This once again proves the fact that it is impossible to compare, and what you need to be able to adapt to the rules. This season complaints are heard more often, although the situation is not much different from the previous year except for the fact that nobody wants to see on the highway large chunks of rubber and risk because of this accident. Otherwise you just need to adapt, as it always happens in the Formula 1.
Question Allen Baldwin Reuters Christian, perhaps I misunderstood your comment, but tell me, do you really think that Lotus somehow gained an advantage due to the fact that Pirelli used to test the car Renault 2010 model Perhaps Paul says, could some of the commands to get information in the preference order.
Christian Horner I do Not think that someone received the information by dishonest means. Pirelli needed a machine to test, they turned to us in the Red Bull Racing, but we adhered to the principle of not giving or our chassis.htmlbodyh1503 Service Unavailable/h1
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I must say, they go even faster than we first thought. Our test machine inferior to them about three or four seconds on the circle - therefore, during testing, we put rubber less stress than those that she has throughout the weekend. But here there is no perfect solution, and we will not even attempt to reach a General agreement. In the following year, the cars will be fundamentally different, so that even the modern chassis will not allow us to simulate the impact of new engines.
Much more important is to determine the approach to pre-tests and adjustments on a championship course - just what I said earlier. And it needs the approval of all eleven teams. When you do something for the whole peloton, work much easier, but if your efforts could benefit the few, wait difficulties. This is a delicate balance that we're trying to achieve.
For this season we have set ourselves the goal to have an average of two or three pit stop during the race, but in the championship will stages like Barcelona, when victory is achieved, with four stops. Similarly, a couple of years ago Red Bull Racing won the race with the same four pit stops, so that the case is not unique, however I understand that commentators in this case, difficult to monitor the situation on the highway. I think here in Monaco will be easier for them.
Question Jerome Associated Press Alain, since 1996, when Olivier Panis won the race, no one French racer could not climb to the top of the podium. What advice would you give Novel and other citizens with such a long period of expectation
Alain Prost I do Not think that drivers have to give advice. They know what to do, and I am not in Formula 1 for more than twenty years, and therefore no right to tell them. You can see that the Novel is quite fast machine, and soon he will get the chance to win the race, but I can't give him advice. If he wants me to ask something, I'll be glad to talk, just - no. Racers are strong enough mentally, but the pressure is incredible. Again, this is a kind of cycle comes first victory, can work the effect of «snowball»when success comes one after the other. I hope my fellow countrymen to be the case.
Question Bob McKenzie - Daily Express Alain, every year somebody says that the line in Monaco is too dangerous. This week, the sentence dropped Ralf Schumacher. Actually, the configuration has not practically changed since you were running here. Tell me, do you also think its too dangerous Here you can still hold a Formula 1 racing
Alain Prost This track is as dangerous as any other circuit. Yes, it is different, here you need to carefully monitor traffic, but leave alone here no more dangerous than follow rival. In addition, over the past forty years, the organizers fantastic job on security. Yes, under certain conditions - for example, in the rain - in some corners may be difficulties, but overall it's a stunning stage, especially for the riders. It is a tradition that you just take it, even if it seems a bit dangerous.
Question a question for those who are on the pit wall. Are you wondering when are you releasing the car on the track
Robert Monaco machine and rider rush to the limit in a very difficult road, and if I were a racer, I would have enjoyed the thought. Yes team and it's great to see cars driving at high speed literally inches from the barriers - the way it should be
Gerard Lopez Yes, today novel came very close to barriers. On another track would have been without consequences, but the novel was wrong on braking and instead go straight tried to send the car in turn and still a backlog of rail security.
In any case, the racers like the track and the local atmosphere. Ask them yourself - they will tell how great it is I myself went on the highway - when you come up against the barriers, and feel unbelievable emotions. I remember the fastest lap shown here Robert - sure, he considers it one of the best in his career
Question Rodrigo Frank - VIP Magazine talking about next season, how do you think, will change spectacle of Formula 1, and what is the main complexity of transition on the six-cylinder engines for the teams and Pirelli
Franz Toast Changes in the rules is a serious technical challenge, because we are talking about a new motor, new refrigeration system. In fact, the machine will be fundamentally different, and this is no easy task and financial point of view, as all the processing is much more expensive.
It is difficult to say how it will affect the entertainment lot depends on how successfully executed manufacturers of engines. If someone can find an interesting decision, the race will not be so interesting as the machine with more advanced engines will steadily ahead. If the engines will be approximately the same as now - wrestling remains acute. In any case, we are waiting for new regulation, and we should work to the maximum.
Question Complexity for Pirelli
Floor To start a question with the contract. If we recall the rules, by the first of September, we must decide with the specification of tyres for next season, but we don't have a clear idea of what will be new machines, and all this reminds the situation with shooting in the fog. We may have to return to the proven approaches and act very carefully, because the teams have enough change. Perhaps we really make a step back zero wear, no pit stops, and then let the people say what they want.
Christian Horner Hard to say. This is perhaps the most significant change in the regulations for the last twenty-five years. And are they incredibly expensive, especially considering the necessity of elaboration of today's machines together with the development of the new. I do not think that teams from the tail of the peloton moment of change of the rules appears to be optimal.
I guess in the beginning of the difference between the machines will be very significant, but then the team will come to some unification, and engineers will quickly find the necessary solutions. Race will be a little different, a key factor will be the saving of fuel and see how this will affect entertainment. While predictions pointless.
Gerard Lopez I Agree with Christian difficult to say, optimal whether moment of change of the rules. The situation looks a bit strange. You can understand motor manufacturers who wish to have the product, more reminiscent of what they sell on the market. At the same time, changes come into force just when things in the championship are quite well as from the position of entertainment, and from the point of view of the alignment of forces among the biathletes and the unpredictability of the races. Hopefully, this will not lead to unexpected results. Surprise - it's not bad, but if there were suddenly a big break, that does no good. Hardly anyone dares to predict what, how everything goes.
Robert Sure, next year we won't have to talk about tyres, there are other topics for discussion.
Question Ian - Press Association Floor, you said that the plan to change the design of tyres for security reasons. But when in Barcelona we discussed the events of the weekend, you said that the tires were no more trouble, than in previous seasons. You really change the design of tyres for security reasons, or all this is done under pressure from the leading teams
Floor Pressure from the teams present except in the media nor in life. In this season of damage rubber have more serious because of the tire is not simply loses pressure from her fly away, elastic bands, overheating occurs, which leads to separation bus. For us as a vendor, this situation is unacceptable, and we want to correct the situation. Sure, team support us in this.
Again, the desired effect should be achieved with minimum changes, because some commands initially chose a different approach rubber. They are able to better predict the key difficulties in working with tires and now rightly say, «Well, make changes, but they should not be radical». We have almost agreed on a package of corrections for the Grand Prix of Canada " I think that the dispute is over.
Question Dieter - The Citizen Alain, a year ago you said your team Prost Grand Prix was forced to withdraw from Formula 1 mainly due to the cost of engines. Here in Monaco, people were discussing the price of engines next year, and, in particular, in the Renault stated that their power units will cost from 20 to 25 million, and this means the price increase in 2,5 times What do you think Don't you think that because of growth of expenses on motors, some teams prefer to leave the championship
Alain Prost Yes, this is a serious problem. However, the price that you have said is significantly higher than it actually is, but I cannot answer such questions.
Your reference to my team very appropriate. I paid 28 million dollars for motors Ferrari in the first year of our cooperation, whereas a year later was supposed to pay 32 million. I paid, however, though I had to present the Bank guarantee and to pay almost the entire amount in cash. Why do I say that Because it must always be to operate in common interests. Let's see what the outcome of negotiations, but we must understand that the budget of the Renault F1 Sport is just 150 million euros a year, and if you divide the proposed cost of production engine between the four teams, you will see that Renault operates extremely correctly.
Translation V. Kartashev
Grand Prix Of Spain A Preview Of Scuderia Toro Rosso
The first part of the traditional version of Scuderia Toro Rosso on the eve of the Grand Prix of Spain does not include quotes guide and drivers - it is devoted to the description of the route and the expectations from the European part of the season.
This weekend in Spain will be held the 43rd Grand Prix, Formula 1 arrived in the Spanish already in the second year of its existence - in 1951, when the race was on the circuit, Pedralbes. Since 1991, the stage will be held on ircuit de Catalunya in the suburb of Barcelona, in fact - is the youngest of circuit one of those, which will be held stages of the European part of the season.
The team know very well the track on the tests, which are held here for many years - in 2013-m in February and March we have here two final series of winter tests. Then the weather was very cold, on the penultimate test even at night it was snowing, but this week we are waiting for quite other conditions.
The European part of the season is very short, only includes the seven-time Grand Prix, and now we can't say that it is here that the fate of the championship, however, the upcoming race for several reasons, is very important.
On the one hand, this is connected with the configuration of the route, including two relatively fast sector and more intense third, that allows you to define the weak side of the machine. Usually they say that if your machine is fast in Barcelona, it will be competitive on all tracks of the championship, but in the past year, this race won Pastor Maldonado and we know that Williams did not repeat this success in 2012.
The second reason why this race especially waiting for the experts and fans-three-week pause, during which the team were able to gather strength after a strenuous series of two double Grand Prix in the beginning of the season. We will see on the machines of many technical innovations, and the results of this stage will allow to evaluate the alignment of forces in the next five races, which will be held in the next eight weeks. We will be able to understand who of the teams managed to more effectively use this break.
It concerns and Scuderia Toro Rosso - we want very much to compensate for the positions lost in the first four races, and confidence in this attaches to the fact that the lack of speed Daniel Riccardo in Bahrain was the result of correctly chosen settings, and no errors in the design or breakage STR8.
The team are well aware of the technical challenge of the Catalan route - we need to find the usual compromise between speed on the fastest parts and the pressure force on slow. Asphalt it is fairly smooth, but very abrasive, and because of the peculiarities of indicators tyres will not be easy.
In the past year, the company Pirelli brought on the stage compositions Soft and Hard, this time the choice of the more conservative, Medium and Hard, by the same during the break before the Grand Prix of Spain the Hard has been adjusted and now is similar to the one used in 2012.
WSR Magnussen is the leader on the tests in Aragon
Before the beginning of the second phase of the World series Renault at the Spanish circuit Motorland Aragon, the organizers, as well as before the first stage in Monza, provided the teams the opportunity to spend on the road three additional hours as a compensation for the cancellation of the February tests on the same route because of the snow.
Fully compensate for the loss did not - as in the beginning of April in Monza, tests in Aragon prevented the rain today is just closer to the evening racers able to go to the . However, like - cool and rainy weather forecast promises for the whole coming weekend, so that the opportunity to work in such conditions can help.
The Protocol was headed by one of the favorites of the season - the 20-year-old Dane Kevin Magnussen, the son of a former racer of the Formula 1 Jan Magnussen. The leader of the season showed the second time, giving the leader of the only five, but too much today depended on the date of departure on the route and the program, which worked pilots.
The best time among Russians in Daniel - Muscovite took the sixth line in the Protocol. Tomorrow on a Spanish highway will be free arrivals, and on Saturday and Sunday we are waiting for two qualification and race - weekend promises to be interesting.
1. - Dams - 1'40"726
2. - Fortec - 1'40"776
3. - P1 Motorsport - 1'41"441
4. - Lotus - 1'41"594
5. - Tech 1 - 1'41"705
6. - Comtec - 1'41"753
8. Costa - Arden Caterham - 1'41"835
9. - Draco - 1'41"916
10. - AV Formula - 1'41"922
11. - Draco - 1'41"942
12. - Carlin - 1'42"005
13. - Lotus - 1'42"198
14. - Arden Caterham - 1'42"204
15. - P1 Motorsport - 1'42"369
17. - Fortec - 1'42"666
18. - Tech 1 - 1'42"760
19. - Zeta - 1'42"889
20. - ISR - 1'43"022
22. Mr. - Pons - 1'43"450
23. - Pons - 1'43"470
26. - Comtec - 1'47"512
WSR Sergey Sirotkin showed the best time to test in Monza
Russian Sergey Sirotkin showed the best time to test in Monza. A three-hour session was provided to the teams as compensation, since the February tests on a Spanish highway Motorland Aragon were cancelled because of the snow.
From the very beginning of the heats Protocol alternately led , Antonio Felix da Costa and will Stevens. The results were very dense - sometimes in a tenth of a spanned six pilots, and the difference between the first and the fifteenth time does not exceed a second.
State of the slopes gradually improved, and for half an hour before the end of the first session Arthur Peak, and then Sergey managed to significantly outperform the previous results. Immediately after that, the asphalt Monza fell the first drops of rain, and pass quickly became impossible.
Among Russians the second was Daniel , showed the 14-th time. Mikhail Alyoshin finished the day at the 22nd position, and Nikolai on the 25-th.
Time - Difference - Circles
1. - ISR - 133.817 - -
2. - AV Formula - 133.832 - + 0"015
3. - P1 - 134.548 - + 0"731
4. Costa - Arden Caterham - 134.565 - + 0"748
5. - Fortec - 134.579 - + 0"762
6. - Lotus - 134.617 - + 0"800
8. - DAMS - 134.708 - + 0"891
9. - Comtec - 134.955 - + 1"138
10. - Lotus - 135.059 - + 1"242
11. - ISR - 135.117 - + 1"300
12. - Carlin - 135.153 - + 1"336
13. - P1 - 135.157 - + 1"340
14. - Comtec - 135.180 - + 1"363
15. - Tech 1 - 135.294 - + 1"477
16. - Draco - 135.307 - + 1"490
17. - Arden Caterham - 135.351 - + 1"534
20. - AV Formula - 135.454 - + 1"637
21. - Zeta - 135.496 - + 1"679
23. - DAMS - 135.819 - + 2"002
24. - Pons - 136.051 - + 2"234
text Elmir Valeev
Jean-Eric "I Think the season will be successful"
In the past year, Jean-Eric not had quite a bit to earn points in their debut race in Formula 1 - Grand Prix of Australia he finished only the 11-m. This weekend he is hoping for a more successful start of the season, moreover, that to it has good conditions. In a traditional interview with the press-service of the Toro Rosso on the eve of the race weekend, the Frenchman declared that the new machine, it seemed to him much better than its predecessor.
Question Jean-Eric, welcome to Australia You've been here a couple of days, you like the local heat
Jean-Eric Yes. After three or four months of cold and snow nice to get in 25-degree weather and see the cloudless sky. I am very glad to be here.
Question To the beginning of the race weekend is expected to be colder. But given that the tests in Spain almost snowing, working in the local climate will indeed become for you a step into the unknown
Jean-Eric it Seems, the forecast promises to +20 or +25 degrees, the temperature is much higher than in Barcelona and Jerez. I believe, will be a little bit better, than in the winter tests. Then because of the extremely low temperature asphalt had difficulties with rubber. Assume that the higher the temperature of the route should help us in solving these problems. Of course, much will change for the better.
Question last year you had a good Grand Prix of Australia. What are your impressions from albert Park"
Jean-Eric First of all, this is one of my favorite Grand Prix " I like the local circuit. In addition, this race opens the season, so you can feel a pleasant excitement, it is not known how strong your opponents. In front of a very interesting weekend, I look forward to its beginning. All things must pass smiles.
Question this week you have a little rest, because all of the attention of the local press focused on the Daniel Riccardo. However, the season as a whole must become tense no more excuses, because you are not the debutant. Do you feel that the pressure has increased, or on the contrary, in the second season in Formula 1, it becomes easier
Jean-Eric Nothing is easier - pressure remains at the same level, but I can better do their jobs, because I have more experience, I became more professional race car driver. Everything should be the same as in the previous year the only difference is that now I know more about the car and the team and will try to use it. It is my task for this year.
Question How is your relationship with your partner this year
Jean-Eric Nothing has changed I'll try to get ahead of him - such is the goal of any racer of the Formula 1. However, I try to take a broader view on things. The most important thing - to get a high-end machine, so that together we can fight for the top positions. We'll see what happens.
Question You mentioned the need to gain a competitive car. This year the Toro Rosso completely new chassis, and it is necessary to obtain from it the maximum efficiency under all conditions. On the tests you have worked in the cool weather, but what are the General impressions formed about the car
Jean-Eric It is good, in any case, better than last year's. We have much more opportunities to maximize its potential. It is difficult to say what place we occupy in relation to competitors. In the past year we were inferior to the point five teams, which are now going to get ahead of Sauber, Force India and Williams. If at the first race in Melbourne we find ourselves, at least, the same fast as they are, it will be a big step forward. As you know, they are all over the machines and strive for progress. If we can succeed, it will mean that we have achieved more than the competitors. This is the first step forward. After this you need to continue the work on the course of the season, prepare innovations and progress.
Question this year you have a new race engineer, and in a team there have been several permutations a new Manager, Steve Nielsen, and James Ki begins the first full season as a technical Director of the Toro Rosso. How are all these changes Will you time to work out, or you could do it during the off-season
Jean-Eric it seems to Me, we were all done for the winter. In the beginning could be wrong, but it is, perhaps, the usual thing. In the off-season we've done a good job, which will help us understand our past errors. I am pleased with the changes - it seems to me that everything is going in the right direction. James spent a fantastic job with the machine. I have formed a good relationship with race engineer. I suppose, the season will be successful.
Question do you still Have a couple of days before the free races. What plans at this time
Jean-Eric I'm going to rest a little bit plan to walk in Melbourne. I want to see the city and relax.
text Tatiana Belskaya
Monaco'12 Narain
Dear friends Now it's spring, and that means that the time has come to complete the next winter project nonf1.ru. For the past several weeks, we remembered the moments of the history, thanks to which the Formula 1 and has grown from a hobby enthusiasts in the bright world of the show, today attracts the attention of millions of fans.
Winter is over, the team are preparing to hold a final test session and take a course in Melbourne. The first stage of the new world Cup just around the corner, followed by a second -, third - and till late autumn race will keep us in suspense. Until then, we are glad, if the history of the next winter cycle helped you to make the season a little more interesting. Well, when the winter would come - all the fans of Formula 1, I want to believe, again waiting for the meeting on the pages of the historical section.
Race 864 27160may 2012. Grand Prix Of Monaco. Monte-Carlo
Pole - mark Webber Red Bull RB8 - 1.14,381 161,654 km/h
The best round - Sergio Perez Sauber C31 - 1.17,296 155,557 km/h
The winner mark Webber Red Bull RB8160- 146.06,557 147,312 km/h
After Saturday's qualification in Monaco talked a lot about Sebastian . The German champion of the world and his team Red Bull Racing, realizing that the speed does not allow to fight for good position, decided to not show the target of time in a decisive 10-minute. Yes, it cast down to the fifth number of bars, but left the freedom with choice of tyres. The decision was risky to pass in Monaco, as it is known, is extremely difficult.
But much talked more about the other representative of Germany. At the age of 43 years, having not the most competitive car, Michael Schumacher round of the Principality so, having left behind all the competitors, forcing to recollect their best years. The speech by seven-times champion of the world has proved that he has a full order with motivation, and bleak results after returning to F1 should be in much greater extent allocated to the equipment.
Alas, for the encounter with Bruno hay in the previous Grand Prix Michael fined five positions, for a start it was only the sixth, and the vacant pole got a Brand from RBR.
Australian resist ahead on the first meters, and that's vanilly no luck again. Right in front of him arranged another accident chief bully paddock Roman . And although vanilly miraculously managed to Dodge the flying across the course Lotus Frenchman, the rate was lost, and with him the position.
At the start of the season force in the leading group were almost equal, for the first dozen pilots held in 20 seconds. Everyone was waiting for pit-stop, and he hoped that the rivals of the bus into disrepair earlier than his own.
In General, however, the tactic was similar, mechanics worked without misfires, and therefore the only permutation in the first five became an exchange of positions between Fernando Alonso and Lewis Hamilton the Spaniard was able to come forward.
The leader, meanwhile, Sebastian Vettel. Unlike the others, the German started on the more rigid rubber, for almost two dozen circles remained on the road alone, trying to create the necessary separation and realize risky tactical idea. All the others are still held tight group for Webber.
In this group of SEB and returned after the same has been in boxes. Webber and Nico Rosberg and Alonso managed to go through, and that's Hamilton rested in turn Saint- in the stern of the Red Bull. On the final stretch of the Vettel was more soft rubber, but she did not even allowed to spend even one overtaking. In addition, in the last rounds of the rain, which periodically began to irrigate and before that, was much louder, so that no one wanted to take any chances.
So mark Webber has already become the sixth under the account of the winner in the six races that season. A company in the Prince's bed he was Nico Rosberg and Fernando Alonso. Well, Michael Schumacher, unfortunately, could not get to finish because of breakage.
The previous race in Spain sensationally won the Pastor Maldonado. However, in Monaco racer Williams had to fully know that fortune is not always set up good-naturedly. In the debut of 2011 Venezuelan very nice to look in the Principality, because, after Barcelona triumph, many thought it hardly probable not the favorite.
However, even before the race Pastor of first fined ten positions for the lock Sergio Perez, followed by another five per shift gearbox. In the end Maldonado started from the very back row, and when I began to thrash on the track after the accident , he pounced on the back of HRT Pedro de La Dew and out of control even to the first turn.
15th Grand Prix of Monaco finished Narain . For the rider-Indian this result became the best for the two of the season, which he spent behind the wheel of cars HRT.
Narain was born in the city , which is also called the "southern capital" of India. His father was very well off, especially by local standards, but is also very fond of the race. He himself was among the strongest racers of the country, and the son has imparted love to Motorsport even in small years.
-Junior went to the English school, where teachers are ex-pats much to tell about the Misty Albion and the sports stars. Because of the way the young men was a foregone conclusion - he wanted to become a famous racing driver and could not worry about the shortage of money at the first stage.
As the victory in the local Formula Maruthi Narain received the prize a trip to a French school of the pilots Elf. There he proved that, and in more strong surrounded by something worth it. First reached the semi-finals in the "final" races, and then, pausing in the Old world, won the winter British Formula Renault championship.
However, in that time the 17-year-old pilot was too young and inexperienced, for the family Council decided to return to India, and for some time to speak in a series of the Asia-Pacific region. Two years in the Formula Asia brought the "roll forward", the championship title and confidence in the fact that now and it really is time to return to Europe.
Over the next eight years, the Indian hard up the steps of the career ladder. Almost every year he won, and every time, informing about it the next success, the news Agency added "before any native of this country have not been able to achieve such success.
In 2001 Narain for the first time participated in the tests of F1. First with the Jaguar, then with Jordan and Minardi. His qualification is not in doubt. Yes, to the level of superstars was a little short, but to call him a quick and already quite experienced racers, ready to move into the Big Prizes, you can be without any stretch.
The transition took place in 2005. And if the fact of signing of the contract with one of the Big Prizes was expected, the first presentation could not see even in the wildest dreams under a light snow he was standing in a bright yellow overalls and a cap with ear flaps on the red square in Moscow, and near military brass band marches.
What to do if it was at that moment, the team Jordan went on her hands and went to a certain businessman-billionaire , who was born in Leningrad. However, these were the details. The main thing - the representative of India was the first time in Formula 1. And let the car was not very fast, in Indianapolis opponents refused to start because of the tire scandal, and Narain finished fourth. In other races, he never rose above the 11-th position.
To extend the agreement failed, and moved to Williams, where for two years he performed the duties of the reserve of the pilot. While its sponsors have paid generously, the rider sometimes even allowed behind the wheel. But then stopped. In parallel tone raced in the A1GP series, which won several victories, and after the departure of Williams have tried their strength in the Le Mans series and NASCAR.
In principle, one that was already enough to permanently booked for one of the most honoured places in the Hall of fame of the Indian motor sport. But in 2011 like a thunder in a clear sky sounded news that the pilot returns to F1. Let the team of the HRT, infinitely far from the leaders, but all the same.
In the first season managed to spend only half the races then the company Red Bull bought his place for the young Daniel Riccardo. And here is the second major event was, of course, the Grand Prix of Malaysia. Prior to this, in albert Park, one of the riders HRT failed to qualify for the Narain conducted the first race in that year.
Choosing the right tires and not in the rain, the man made his way to the 10-th position, when above the highway there were red flags. Then there was the restart of and the fight against for the fifth position. Alas, the British reacted to it are not carefully and carried HRT front wing. had to stumble in the boxes, and later on he was hit and another world champion, Sebastian Vettel.
When the year came to an end, it turned out that the resources of HRT was exhausted, and even the preliminary contract for 2013 is not guaranteed continuing a career. He again left the F1 paddock. Who knows for how long
text Alexander
In the Mercedes spend advertising shooting for Allianz
After the end of the tests in Barcelona team went to the base, but in the Mercedes stopped even for a day<|fim_middle|> New year we with friends and family in a small company went to the island - it was great. I've fished and swam under water. Yes, it was fun I got a lot of fun. Two weeks ago, I returned to training.
Question You train in the hall or in the open air, taking advantage of the good weather
Riccardo Daniel And then, and more. Most of the time I spend on the street, running, Cycling and swimming, after this doing in the hall. It is a good preparation.
It seems to me that the pause before the New year, I needed - I feel rested, although the two weeks of training were very intense. I think we are ready for the season.
Question You have already talked with the team
Riccardo Daniel Yesterday I talked with the engineers. We constantly keep in touch. Holidays are over, I went back to work and get information about how everything is going well. Everything looks good in the team say that everything goes according to plan, and all deadlines are met, and this is the first thing you want to hear. However, no one can say how competitive is the machine, until we begin to work on the track. Even if I say that the new chassis - this is the best that you could think of, I won't be too happy, until he will not sit behind the wheel and not feel comfortable. Of course, we have high expectations.
Question Quite soon in Jerez will begin pre-season tests.
Riccardo Daniel Yes, I sit behind the wheel of the first day of the tests - 5 February. There was not enough time left - I think, three weeks. This is great Looking forward to try out a new car. I hope, is not very cold in Australia, I got used to the heat.
Question You're back in the UK before the trip to Spain, or go directly to the tests
Riccardo Daniel In fact, two days later I leave Australia and go immediately to Italy, in to meet with the team. I'll be there for a few days - to prepare for the season and find out some basic information. Then I'm going to the UK. It seems, are planned several meetings with the press and a few photo sessions. After that I will go to Spain for the tests.
Question I Think, you are eagerly waiting for possibilities to get back behind the wheel. Now it is important
Riccardo Daniel Yes, as I said, I have a holiday mood, and I enjoy the summer. I resumed the exercise and enjoyment of outdoor activities, but there is nothing to compare with the piloting of the machine. I think, the best practice is the work on the tests, and even better - the struggle in the race. I'm looking forward to getting back behind the wheel. Tests - it is good, but the race is better.
David Coulthard was joking
nonf1.ru have already told, that David Coulthard took the decision to end the active sports career, that did not prevent him a week ago to speak in a recent Race of Champions in Bangkok.
In these days, like most Europeans, David is preparing for Christmas, spending time with family at his home in Monaco, and he is all right. And if he lacks something, so it snow, " said the Scot in his Twitter.
The days of advent is a rare period when there forever engaged in various projects of David have some free time. On Saturday, he took advantage of this, that through Twitter and answer a few questions fans, however, did it in his own humorous manner.
Question Who was your favorite opponent
David Coulthard Racer who was happy to finish second
Question Your favorite overtaking
David Coulthard Spa, 1998-the year, overtaking Schumacher, who, however, was not .
This, of course, about the famous incident that took place on the 25-th round of the Grand Prix of Belgium, when in the race Michael Schumacher caught up with the circle Coulthard and at full speed crashed into his car from behind.
Question Which of your 13-year-wins you consider the most favorite
David Coulthard Melbourne-1998. However, to win the race I was not given.
All who followed the Formula 1 in those years, know that David was in the lead, but then received an order from Ron Dennis, then head of McLaren, skip Mika Hakkinen's. Coulthard hesitated, but still missed his partner, although greatly offended. Apparently, the old wound has not healed to this day.
However, one question for the Scotsman said, quite seriously. When he was asked, what kind of role in his career played fans, he said «The fans meant that I, perhaps, was a professional race car driver. Thanks to all of you»
The new postcard from Bernie
The head of Formula 1 Bernie Ecclestone each year orders sarcastic greeting cards for Christmas and sends them to the discretion of new victims of his black humor. As a year ago, the main hero of again became Lewis . beats unexpected transition in the Mercedes. In the picture depicts Lewis, who cast his car McLaren. Outside of the route he is waiting for the Mercedes with a bag with money and Nicky behind the wheel. Behind the image of a snowman Bernie.
Christmas postcard 2012 from Bernie
Christmas cards from Bernie is always a piece-goods. Someone who feels their witty cartoons, someone - a work of modern art, but the story has always reflects one of the key moments of the last season, is not always sports, usually political.
The last two years, the main hero of the Christmas card Bernie - Lewis Hamilton. In 2011, the plot was based on frequent clashes with Lewis, Felipe Weight, at this time the artist creatively interpret the transition Hamilton in the command Mercedes.
Behind the wheel of a car with three measuring beams combined with star sits Nicky , in place ready to sit in the passenger Lewis - bag of dollars. In the snowman on the sidelines of a snow-covered road guess bewildered Ecclestone.
Postcards from Bernie 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011. Happy new year
Kubica miss the first stage of the championship of Europe rally
Robert Kubica will not come to start the first stage of the European rally championship ERC, which will be held in early January in Austria.
It was reported that the Polish racer ready to sign a contract with the well-known British command M-Sport, to 2013-m to hold a full season in the championship behind the wheel of a racing Ford Fiesta, specially adapted for him. According to the information of Autosport, obtained from the FIA, M-Sport has received the official permission for the adaptation of a system shift to Kubica was more convenient to work with it, given that the process of restoration of the injured right hand has not yet been completed.
But the regulations of the ERC allows racers to skip some of the race of the championship, which consists of 13-stages - this does not deprive them of the opportunity to fight for the title. The current system of counting points are accounted for four of the best results, as shown in the first seven, and then on the following six stages.
not in the list of participants of the Austrian Janner Rally, which will take place 3-5 January, but the coordinator of the ERC Jean-Pierre Nicolas gave to understand that at the start of the next stages, scheduled for February and March, will come many new participants.
«The list of participants of the championship-2013 is growing every day, and if one of the drivers do not have time to prepare for Janner Rally since the start of the season he was appointed at the beginning of the year, they will be able to join already in Latvia or in the Canary Islands», - he said.
Austrian stage of the ERC will take place on snow-covered roads, but the so far there are only experience of performances in the asphalt highways. The first such rally will be held in the Canary Islands in March.
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Weather prevented several work - if in Barcelona yesterday, the rain fell, the night the snow fell, so that the shooting took place in a few extreme conditions.
In the beginning of next week in Barcelona would be cool, but for tests, which will start on Thursday, the weather will improve.
In Moscow started the Race of Stars «za rulem»
on February 23 in Moscow started the traditional Race of Stars «za rulem», which can be considered as the jubilee the history of these the most interesting competitions began in 1978-the first year, and now they are already in the 35th time.
As always, take part in them recognized by the Russian masters of the ice races, as well as pilots, acting in , rally and rally-cross. In addition, at the invitation of the organizers and with the support of Renault on the Moscow Hippodrome their art to demonstrate the special guests - the racers of Formula 1 Kimi Raikkonen and Charles Peak, the speakers in the world championship on machines with motors of production of Renault Sport F1.
The correspondent of nonf1.ru lucky before the beginning of the main program of the competitions he had as a passenger ride on the Renault Logan, managed by Kimi. It is a pity only, that the arrival of the ice road lasted only one round, but already it was enough to understand Raikkonen is a fantastic racer, and for him really, there is no difference in what the car ride. Kimi easily made little Logan pass turns in a small skidding of a managed control of the situation is absolutely at ease, without sudden movements. The passenger at this time with a little bit of a breath-taking, but the world champion of 2007 not for nothing is famous for its exceptionally gentle style of piloting in a word, the impressions are unforgettable
The race of Stars this year, accompanied by great weather, which also sets a positive way. But the tone of all the events asked an interesting press-conference with the participation of the racers of Formula 1, with the programme of the day. Questions to Kimi and Charles media has had a lot, but it all started with the fact that the head of the publishing house «Behind the Wheel» Peter Smaller asked , whether it was the first car in its time was «Lada». It is worth mentioning another detail Pyotr Stepanovitch tongue and called Finn Micah.
«My name is Kimi, but Micah sounds quite likely, " he said Raikkonen under the applause of journalists, confirming the historical fact that is really a lot of years ago I bought the «Harmony» from one of his friends, and his car was satisfied with.
Of course, at the press-conference were asked and the very serious questions. Telling about past tests, Kimi emphasized, that the new machine Lotus E21 creates a positive impression, which could be even better, if not the failures in the work of the systems of telemetry.
Charles Peak, speaking about his move in Caterham, said he was satisfied with the changes in his career, however, very spoke warmly about the experience of last year's cooperation in the Marussia.
For Charles this is the first experience of performances on the ice track, but he liked everything, and he was happy to mastering a new genre. Apparently, the Frenchman progresses rapidly in the demo doubles race on the same Dacia Duster he managed to get ahead of , for which the snow and ice - almost native element.
In the super-final of the competitions racers of Formula 1 will measure strength with the winner of the Race of Stars «za rulem».
text Andrew Elk
WSR the Second day of tests in Aragon cancelled
In Spain came the cold cyclone, yesterday on the tests of the Formula 1 in Barcelona rain, and the air temperature does not exceed +6 degrees, and today in , where yesterday started the group tests the World series Renault, the snow fell.
In the morning racers actively posted links in Twitter photos of the snow-covered slopes and ice-covered pavement, and after a short pause, the organizers announced on the abolition of tests.
The following tests will be held on 8 and 9 March, at the French circuit Paul Ricard.
Jean-Eric the Rain has served us a hindrance
The pilot Toro Rosso Jean-Eric showed on the results of the last test of the day in Barcelona 3-th result."This there was a good day in terms of the work on the settings of the car and flying in the rain, " said . - However, when I looked at the dark clouds and the thermometer, was expecting more snow than rain, but, apparently, it melt on its way back to the highway Today the team has got a good experience in the work of the car in the rain conditions, we have experienced rain and intermediate tyres Pirelli. Also the team worked on the settings of aerodynamics, which should well be suitable for the different types of routes, where the race can walk in the rain.Well, now the work is finished, we're going to have to work at the bases of the imminent return to Barcelona".
Jean-Eric it is Strange that today it was raining, and no snow
Rain in Barcelona is not too prevented Toro Rosso in the final day of the second series of tests. Jean-Eric able to show the third time of the day, after a good distance - 80 circles.
In the afternoon, when the circuit dry, the team tested the aerodynamics, and the second half of the day was devoted to rain tyres Pirelli and mining pit stops.
Jean-Eric «Another productive day, in spite of the rain. We need to be many things to check, especially on the part of the aerodynamics, and it was a useful experience. In the second session I tried out the rain and intermediate tyres Pirelli, having received a good idea of their efficiency.
Today it was very cold - it is even strange that it was raining, and no snow I am now looking forward to the final tests, which are very important for us.»
During the final series of tests, which will be held from February 28 to March 3, two drivers will succeed each other, working for one day. The first behind the wheel sits Jean-Eric .
The race of Stars "za rulem" In the «KAMAZ-master» replacing the pilot
on February 23, in front of the audience Race of Stars «za Rulem» will be a silver prize-winner of rally-marathon «Dakar-2013», the pilot team «KAMAZ-master» - Ayrat Mardeev. Under his management a racing truck will be demonstrated on an ice ring of the Central Moscow Hippodrome the ease with which KAMAZ vehicles can cope with sand dunes, rocky mountain roads and snowy racing track.
Performance of the team «KAMAZ-master» in the framework of the program of the Race of Stars «za Rulem» heralds a lot of exciting moments. Although the snow is not so accustomed to combat KAMAZ vehicles, like the sand and stones, the joy and surprise of the audience, these trucks are capable of beautiful cope with any obstacles. So that all the spectators expect a real snow show from «lords of the desert».
The team «KAMAZ-master» is rightfully considered to be a legend of the Russian motor sport. the 25-year history of the team - this series of victories and achievements. Three times winner of the world Cup of off-road rallies, numerous prize-winner and by an elevenfold the winner of the super marathon «Dakar», marked the highest category of complexity, a three-time winner of the international rally «silk way», the permanent leader of the Championships of Russia in rally. In 2013, the team celebrates its anniversary, and the best gift for her was a triumph of young pilots at once in two important races in the beginning of the year all three crews of the occupied podium in South America, and the African marathon Africa Eco Race has ended not less than brilliant victory of the Russian crew.
Airat Mardeev was one of the youngest members of the team «KAMAZ-master», in the sports career of which are already several significant achievements. Speaking first in the role of mechanics in the crew of the father - Ilghizar Mardeev, Airat quickly understood all the difficulties of the rally competitions and in 2011 is already in the role of a combat pilot has come to occupy prize-winning places at the Russian marathons. Participation in the «Dakar-2012» not very successfully ended for the crew Mardeev, but the experience of the errors and destruction brought its fruits in the summer of 2012, he won a second for the importance of the rally-RAID of the planet - «the silk way», and in 2013 won silver at the famous international marathon «Dakar».
WSR Organizers cancelled and the second day of the test in Monza
We already wrote about the fact that on 14 and 15 February at the Italian track in Monza had to go through the private tests the World series Renault. They planned to attend almost all the teams in the series, but yesterday the organizers were forced to cancel the first day of the tests, as the circuit was blocked with the snow.
The owners of the motor-racing track made every effort to lead a track in a proper condition, but only as it became known, that and the second day of tests WSR cancelled. Moreover, the output circuit is busy, and consequently bear the trials it is impossible.
The first official tests of the World series of 2013 will be held next week, on 22-23 February, in the Spanish , at the Motorland Aragon. The beginning of the season is scheduled for April 6-7 in Monza.
WSR the First day of the test in Monza cancelled because of the snow
We have already reported that on 14 and 15 February in Monza must undergo a private tests the World series Renault. Almost all the teams gathered at the famous track, but Italy met them is not the best weather - air temperature is below zero.
Asphalt motor-racing track is clean and mostly even dry, however, the gravel trap and security zones are overwhelmed with snow. As reported by the Russian racers, tests on February 14 were cancelled. Tomorrow afternoon weather forecasters promise warming up to +8C, however, if the snow does not rasstaet, conduct tests will be impossible.
Move the schedule commands will not be easy - on Saturday and Sunday on the route of the planned activities.
«KAMAZ-Master» will perform at the Race of Stars «za Rulem»
Performance of the legendary team «KAMAZ-Master» repeatedly became one of the most spectacular moments of the Race of Stars «za Rulem», and in 2013, this tradition will continue.
on February 23, in front of the audience Race of Stars «za Rulem» will be the winner of rally-marathon «Dakar-2013», the pilot team «KAMAZ-master» - Eduard Nikolaev, - the organizers of the competition.
Performance of the team «KAMAZ-master» in the framework of the program of the Race of Stars «za Rulem» heralds a lot of exciting moments. Although the snow is not so accustomed to combat KAMAZ vehicles, like the sand and stones, the joy and surprise of the audience, these trucks are capable of beautiful cope with any obstacles. So that all the spectators waiting for this show.
The team «KAMAZ-master» is rightfully considered to be a legend of the Russian motor sport. the 25-year history of the team - this series of victories and achievements. Three times winner of the world Cup of off-road rallies, numerous prize-winner and by an elevenfold the winner of the super marathon «Dakar», marked the highest category of complexity, a three-time winner of the international rally «silk way», the permanent leader of the Championships of Russia in rally. In 2013, the team celebrates its anniversary, and the best gift for her was a triumph of young pilots at once in two important races in the beginning of the year all three crews of the occupied podium in South America, as well as not less than brilliant victory of the Russian crew was completed and the African marathon Africa Eco Race.
Eduard Nikolaev is one of the youngest members of the team «KAMAZ-master. Acting in the role of mechanics in the crews of Ilghizar Mardeev and Vladimir Chagin, Edward three times became the winner of «Dakar», and, for the first time sat at the wheel of the sports truck, in 2011 was immediately able to achieve excellent result - to become a bronze prize-winner of the rally-RAID. Participation in the «Dakar-2012» failed ended for the crew Nikolaeva, but the experience of the errors and destruction brought its fruits in 2013, the crew under the control of Eduard Nikolayev won the gold.
Brazil'94 Yukio Katayama
Race 549 27 March 1994. Grand Prix Of Brazil. Interlagos
Pole - Ayrton Senna Williams FW16 - 1.15,962 204,970 km/h
The best round - Michael Schumacher Benetton B194160- 1.18,455 198,457 km/h
Winner - Michael Schumacher Benetton B194160- 135.38,759 192,632 km/h
Before the start of the season 1994, many observers said that Formula 1 is entering a new era. This also applied to the total prohibition of "smart" electronics, and the introduction of pit stops, but the main thing - was replaced by a generation of pilots. Heroes of the recent past - , Simple, and others - have left the Big Prizes or were willing to do so in the near future.
With a main favorite of the questions were Ayrton Senna, going to Williams, just seemed invincible. Three times champion of the world the only one in the winner title and the strongest team in the last years were required to show a fair imagination to come up with, who would have to compete with this duet.
Among these "theoretical" candidates called quick, but not too experienced Michael Schumacher of Benetton, one of the few remaining "old men" - Gerhard Berger, who started the new season in the purple overalls Ferrari, and his team-mate Jean Alesi " I think a lot of suffering due to the fact that a few years ago he set up on , and not on Williams.
Senna won the first qualifications of the season at home , however, the race was interrupted because of the heavy rain, because it was difficult to judge about the representativeness of the results. Start also stayed for , which quickly began to leave from all the others. And then. then something unexpected happened.
Michael Schumacher, having won the starting position in the first row, unsuccessfully started a movement and almost fell to the fourth place. In the end, the Germans had to miss Jean Alesi, but before the end of the second round of Ferrari was left behind, and then the driver of Benetton methodically catch up with Sennou.
From circle to circle, from sector to sector, he stubbornly hundredths of a second, and in that moment, when Ayrton went to the first scheduled pit stop, diving behind Michael inferior to the leader of only a few tenths.
Mechanics Williams, who got used to during the last years of work in the conditions of absence of pressure, equal to the work slower guys Flavio - and on the road Schumacher came back first. On the rostrums rolled dissatisfied with the murmur of surprise.
Briefly torcida distracted by the accident with the participation of four machines160-160on the long straight Martin due to a fault had to slow down, and three of his attackers did not have enough width of asphalt, after which Benetton young flew up in the air and fell on top of the McLaren British veteran.
As one of the participants in the incident was Eddie Irvine, at that time, who had the image of hooligans and brawlers, had accused him where he is, the exclusion from the speeches on one Grand Prix. The team of Jordan lodged a protest - and the term, for the edification of future Novels , increased to three stages.
Senna, meanwhile, has lagged behind Schumacher. The Brazilian tried to help his teammate Damon hill already yielding a range, for a while he "drove" for the leader of the race, which cost the German good five seconds who would have thought that in November of this hill almost deprive Michael champion title. However, the situation in the duet of applicants for a victory it is not affected. Preserved the status quo and after the second and final pit stop.
On the final leg of the distance, trying not to disappoint their numerous fans, Ayrton Senna went overboard on the order is worn-out rubber - his car spun and paused at the edge of the piste. To continue the movement of the rider and could not - and almost immediately the stream of people rushed to the stands out to the airport.
Schumacher, "expert", started a new League with a victory. Together with him on the podium stood Damon hill and Gerhard Berger, but the two in this day been able to pass on a range of less than the winner.
A failure happened the beginning of a new season for the team McLaren. The unconditional leader of the Formula 1 at the junction of the 80's and 90's, now she was in a very difficult situation. The contract with the Peugeot for the supply of engines did not meet expectations the speed and reliability fell sharply. In Brazil pilots Ron Dennis, Mike and Martin Brandl, started up only 8-th and 18-th and up to the finish't got none of them.160
Yukio Katayama
Fifth, earning the first in the career of glasses, the race on completed Yukio Katayama - outstanding racer amazing destiny, whose history alas, undeservedly forgotten still amazes turns your story, to which are not under force even think of the best masters of Hollywood.
160- for that was his name. It's already later on, once in Europe, a native of the many millions of Tokyo was forced to accept the fact that not knowing about the existence of other languages of the British transformed his name in his own way. But it will not happen immediately, but in 18 years, having finished the school, the boy got a mechanic on the racing track Tsukuba. Other pilots nuts he was playing for long after a year of Katayama has already acted in the local Formula 1600, and in two - became its champion.
National heritage advised to all young men, wishing to glorify himself in a race, take a course to the East. That's Yukio went to Europe. He could hardly associate a few words of English, but already knew that it was Foggy Albion is the main race Outpost. And a young athlete, ready for great achievements, went to the capital of England. Such he believed Paris.
History is silent, as it is further unfolding of the events, but in the end Katayama somehow came out on the people, capable to estimate its speed and without words. So he was in the sailing school on the track Field R. But quickly affects only a fairy tale. In 1986, when the Japanese only making its first steps in the Formula 3, the trapped disaster a serious accident on the road in Clermont-Ferrand has led to damage to the back and fractures of both legs.
Lying in a hospital bed, the pilot went through options for continuing a career. He was lucky - young bones quickly fused, and when Yukio, contrary to the will of doctors, has escaped from the clinic, he already knew, how it will act. To start the driver was able to find a command, where he was ready to take free of charge, that he conducted numerous tests.
And then, after the end of the season, Katayama returned home. Now he was no longer a novice, a pilot with the experience of European performances, which significantly increased the quotes. The Japanese took any suggestions, and sometimes actively worked with the sponsors. As a result by the end of 1991, all formed together Yukio national Formula 3000 and gained enough of a solid material support. The time has come again to get on a plane.
Find a place in the Formula 1 succeeded surprisingly easy. However, in the team of Venturi/Larrousse Katayama not achieved particularly high-profile successes only in Canada, he rode to the finish fifth, when the failed engine.
The next year in Tyrrell was marred by bad car160- even a more experienced Andrea de was not able to think of something to make her speed.
And then came the year of 1994-St. It is for the sake of it Yukio Katayama worked hard for over ten years. It was at this point he got the chance, which otherwise fate does not give in a lifetime. Created by Mike Gascoigne chassis 022 turned out simple and unpretentious, equally easy to setup on fast and slow tracks, and came to the team of mark brought with it a useful knowledge.
And one can only marvel at how cruel fate had dealt with a low polite Japanese. Almost all of the skills he has finished in the top ten, and in the course of workouts often were in the top five. Speed in the race, too, could not but rejoice. But every time something somehow interfered to put it into the result.
In Germany Yukio was driving the second. In - third. In Monza he easily passed on the highway pilots Sauber and McLaren and even said to the representatives of Williams. In Hungary started the fifth losing or 0.027 the third result, and in Jerez made his way from the last to the seventh place. List of the achievements goes on and on, but all the effort in the end brought only five points.
The driver was able to get to the tartan flag only four times - the seventh, sixth and two times the fifth, even though you must have at least three races up to the podium.
And yet, one of the important results achieved achieved to Yukio were treated with a proposal on the negotiations of the major teams. Given its strong links with the of Mild Seven, it was quite possible to talk even about the transition in Benetton, but. Katayama on all proposals refused.
And it wasn't because he was so devoted Tyrrell. Much later, having finished a career in F1, he admitted that in the same year of 1994, the medical examination revealed he had tumor in the back. Serious danger she didn't know, was the only manifestation of the unbearable pain.160
The driver spent in the Big Prizes another three seasons, first in Tyrrell, then in the Minardi. But never had he not received a fast enough machine and never earned a single point, and the speed of the partners - young-and-fast Mika Salo and Jarno Trulli160- propelled him to a logical decision. And the Grand Prix of Japan, 1997 Katayama announced the completion of the career.
But he wasn't going to abandon active and rich in emotions of life. Yukio continued the chase won in-class "24 hours of Le Mans", overcame Sugar, reaching the finish line of the African marathon "Dakar" and returned to the F1 paddock, when 160took part in the stages of the SpeedCar series. Katayama carried away by the on the highway, created his own team and here, too, has achieved good results.
But the passion of Yukio was climbing. He captured two eight-thousand meter peaks in the Himalayas and five of the Seven summits - the highest points in all continents. In this list, by the way, is and Russian Elbrus, to which the ex-pilot F1 rose in 1998.
But tell the truth, that if there is in the world of sport dangerous races - that is walking in the mountains. In December 2009, the Japanese in the company of two friends doing training the ascent of mount Fuji. It was rainy weather, the wind was strong and it was snowing. Troika fell off the cliff. When on the place of the rescuers arrived, the two climbers were already dead. Yukio was lucky, and he escaped with minimal damage. And that's luck, I must admit, does not go to any comparison of the little things in life like in Hockenheim throttle, when Katayama, ahead of Michael Schumacher and Damon hill, was forced to abandon the race.
Gutierrez "I try to keep to the spirit"
At the presentation of the new Sauber C32 debutant of the Swiss team Esteban Gutierrez told them about his preparation for the upcoming season of.
Question Before the start of the season remains quite a bit. Adrenaline rolls over
Esteban Gutierrez No, I'm quite calm. The aim is to focus on the key points of the training, and already in Melbourne at all levels of adrenaline rises to a maximum.
Question How was the winter preparation
Esteban Gutierrez Very good. In addition to training at home, I was able to spend a few days in Austria in December and January, devoting their winter kinds of sports - track skiing, climbing in the snow mountain and many others.
Question What do you expect from your team
Esteban Gutierrez Remembering progress, which reached command in the previous years, I hope that it will move in the same direction and achieve their goals.
Question do You approve of the close interaction between the team with the fans
Esteban Gutierrez Of Course When shared with the fans and the victory, and defeat, their support and the response is always positive.
Question On the tests is waiting for you hard work. As you're getting ready
Esteban Gutierrez Try to keep the correct attitude to their comments to ensure the team of the detailed feedback, because the tests is a very important stage in the preparation for racing.
Question how Much time is needed for the finishing of the new machine
Esteban Gutierrez To start the main thing is to eliminate all the problems with the reliability that we were able to drive maximum distance. Then it is important to understand, as is a car in the qualification and race - this we learn in the first few Grand Prix.
Question How well do you know your partner
Esteban Gutierrez I know that Nico the same approach to work, as I have since before the arrival in Formula 1 we have the same time in one and the same commands Junior racing series.
Question What do you think is the main challenge of the coming season
Esteban Gutierrez the Task of a stable competitive.
text Valery Kartashev
Riccardo Daniel went through the procedure of fitting seats
The pilots of Formula 1 are gradually returning from vacations and begin to prepare for the upcoming season. Among those, who have already been on a team basis, and Daniel Riccardo. On Friday racer Toro Rosso visited , which passed through the procedure of fitting the seat.
«Yesterday held an important day on the basis of the team in Italy, " wrote Daniel Riccardo in Twitter. - Went through the procedure of fitting seats in the cockpit convenient. I hope, the machine will be quick. Now go back to the snow-capped England».
In Britain, indeed, in the last days buried in snow, came and another participant of the youth program of Red Bull - Russian driver Daniel . Now he settled in the city of Milton , where is the base of the Red Bull Racing. Command Arden by the way, belonging to the Christian Horner and Mark , in which Daniel in this year will compete in the series GP3, welcomed his arrival via Twitter «welcome to the United Kingdom See you soon at the base. A pleasant snow weekend»
Fernando Alonso the Show was excellent
Press-service of the Ferrari issued a video on materials of carting race on the ice track in Madonna di Campiglio, in which pilots Ferrari competed with colleagues from the team Ducati, serving in the MotoGP championship.
Felipe Massa «was Great race However, all the way wheels braked, and the cards were turned around, so it is better to go on a normal asphalt, than in the snow. Here too slippery, but we had a lot of fun»
Fernando Alonso «the Battle was very severe, as the route constantly changed first was the perfect ice, then a coating turned into soft snow, and it was important to allow as little as possible mistakes - then you had a chance to get ahead of all competitors. But the show was excellent, the audience liked it, and us, of course, too»
Riccardo Daniel "Tests - it is good, but the race is better"
For the past month, Riccardo Daniel grew a solid beard, but has not changed - it is still a cheerful guy, living races. In an interview with the press service of the Toro Rosso 23-year-old Australian told to rest at home and preparing for a season.
Question Daniel, since our last talk much time has passed - we communicate in November after show in Bologna. Look, you long to wear beards are you going to shave her before the start of the season
Riccardo Daniel Of Course In recent weeks I have led the beach lifestyle and have not thought about how to get into the hands of the razor. Yes, I beard and again will look younger. However, nice to grow beards and prove that I'm a real man.
Question Returning to the UK, you can leave it for a couple of days - here comes the snow. Judging by the number of trophies and models of machines behind your back, you're still at home in Australia. Tell me what you were doing, leaving Europe after the show in Bologna.
Riccardo Daniel After Bologna I returned home and spent here almost a month. This is great After the end of the season I have had several cases in Argentina and Italy. I'm home with pleasure relaxed, celebrated Christmas, meeting with friends and to the maximum take advantage of the Australian summer. Here as always between +308304 and +408304 - excellent weather. You see, I was very tan.
Enjoy a free time I've been working on Quad, swim, rest with friends on the beach, drinking a cold beer. It is important, when there is a suitable opportunity, aside from all. In the | 6,570 |
The national discount retail chain Five Below just opened a flagship store on Fifth Avenue. Michael Musto may never leave!
I live for discount stores, being both an incorrigible cheapskate and a fascinated admirer of kitschy (or no) taste. As such, I'm a regular at the three Manhattan locations of Jack's, the 99-cents-and-up bastion of everything from canned vegetables and woolen<|fim_middle|> You go down the escalator and someone else chants, "Welcome to Five Below," followed by a dude announcing, "When I say 'five,' you say 'below.'" That leads to a rousing chorus of "Five…below," except the people saying the "below" are the other staff members, not the customers. On opening weekend, kids could even take their picture with someone dressed as Spidey, though I declined.
This joint will never be a party—it's a store—but it's hard to fault a place for trying to be friendly. I happen to love the shopping ops available and plan to spend at least half my twilight years there. And at night, I'll go to 54 Below—the famed cabaret a few blocks northwest—and maybe wear my new rug as a shawl. | caps to Christmas decorations, and Flying Tiger, the Danish store that carries inexpensive household items like cleverly designed unicorn mugs and cocktail glass tape dispensers.
Sure, a lot of the merchandise at Five Below is geared toward young girls (tweens, even, according to the company's site), but there's truly something for everyone, whether it be ottoman covers, sequined pillows, charcoal body scrub, or furry notepads. And as we start scrambling around for the perfect (cheap) holiday gifts for family and friends, there are all sorts of artsy-crafty kits with which to make stuff—from candles to gingerbread houses—not to mention one to whip up your own "slimy gloop" (for those don't want to buy their gloop ready-made, LOL). Strut around the one level and you'll also find Beanie Baby merch, some Peanuts bobbleheads, and a wall of candy full of steals. (A four-ounce bag of Haribo berries for $1.25, to name one example.) Fancier candies are available too, plus Pez dispensers and Spider-Man masks and soccer balls and tiny cars. Also, headphones and chargers and…just about everything you can stuff into a holiday stocking. And Five Below sells the stockings, too, and dollar wrapping paper to zhoozh it all up with when you get home.
The store offers a bracing mix of things that are useful (umbrellas, gloves, pajamas, speakers), things that are just plain fun (levitating Mickey Mouse heads, glittery wreaths), and stuff that's both.
But mostly I buy gifts for myself. The store offers a bracing mix of things that are useful (umbrellas, gloves, pajamas, speakers), things that are just plain fun or ornamental (levitating Mickey Mouse heads, glittery wreaths), and stuff that's both. On my second visit, I bought a shaggy, multicolored polyester throw rug from India, which also works as a wall hanging, for only five smackers, and it has truly lit up my apartment, though I'm always conscious of walking around it so as not to ruin its wacky majesty. And I've noticed some gay-friendly items on sale there, whether that's intentional or not—like an extra-large mug labeled "Size Matters," plus a $5 poster of RuPaul and a makeup line called Hello, Gorgeous (Barbra Streisand's first line from Funny Girl).
Strolling around Five Below is a colorful experience out of Willy Wonka by way of Alice in Wonderland—and I love that it's smack-dab in a relatively ritzy location, where it should bring the pretension level down along with the prices.
The staff is diverse and fun (and also helpful), though they've been directed to be a little too cheery right now, as they aggressively launch the store. As you enter, a guy booms "Welcome, sir" into a mic. | 613 |
Through the stable door entrance you enter into a beautiful pastel blue galley style kitchen with integrated fitted kitchen appliances and every modern convenience you could require.
Downstairs is a wonderful country style lounge/diner, it is full of squashy sofas and cushions, pictures and curios, and a pine dining table with 6 chairs. There is a wall bookcase full of books, boxes of jigsaws and games, and an assortment of family DVDs with flat screen TV. It is a large lounge with beams so please mind your head if you are tall!! The cast iron log burner gives it a real country charm.
Copper Kettle Cottage is centrally heated out of season with an endless supply of logs for the log burner (help yourself to logs) for a cosy night in whatever the weather.
Upstairs there are 3 bedrooms, (A double, a twin and a single bed with a pull out guest bed). Bed linen, towels and beach towels are all provided as well a tea towels, bath mats and environmentally friendly cleaning products. The family sized bathroom is gorgeous, with large walk in shower and a family sized bath.
Outside the cottage to the front is a large lawn and seating area. We also have a large acre flat field where great football matches<|fim_middle|> Down Farm and Love North Devon. | take place, just ask Lewis or Frazer to show you were.
We put a scrummy seasonal welcome pack in the cottage for your arrival, normally a home cooked cake, tea, coffee and sugar, organic milk, some local Scrumpy Cider and seasonal vegetables pulled that morning from our vegetable garden. Eggs are always available, collect your own, and just visit the Hen House.
Why not take advantage and have a supermarket deliver groceries in advance of your arrival? We also have a number of Farm Shops close by, a village store and numerous Farmers Markets throughout the week.
Park your car next to Copper Kettle Cottage, Ideal!
Please Note: Due to the Sheep, we do not allow dogs on the farm.
" Just arrived back from a 12 day break in the copper kettle cottage with 2 teenagers aged 13. We were made to feel very welcome by the whole family and great hospitality that extended to the supply of some wonderful scones, chocolate cup cakes and home grown veg .The farmland and amenities were great for children of all ages feeding the pigs, collecting eggs for breakfast and looking after attention seeking cats along with boating on the lake and treehouse all added up to a great experience for children"
Owners Adrian and Amanda and their two boys, Lewis and Frazer look forward to welcoming you to | 268 |
Home News A.R. Kane announce Uk dates and festivals
A.R. Kane announce Uk dates and festivals
louderthanwar
Dreampop pioneer A.R.Kane play The Good Ship on Wed, July 13.
Kickstarting the sound that eventually gave birth to such genres as shoegaze, triphop and postrock, and putting the 4AD label in a position where they were finally able to turn high profits (through the M/A/R/R/S project), he<|fim_middle|>|S. They blew the top off the UK charts, reaching number one – the biggest single to ever have appeared in 4AD's history to this day.
Recording highlights include A Love from Outer Space, the two albums 69and"i", and M|A|R|R|S Pump Up The Volume/ANITINA. In 2013, One Little Indian also released a double CD 'Singles Collection' to great critical acclaim.
Soup Kitchen, Manchester – May 23
Primavera Sound, Barcelona Spain – Performing June 2 & 4
Nos Primavera Sound Porto, Portugal – June 11
Kumu ÖÖ festival, Tallinn, Estonia – June 18
The Good Ship, London – July 13
Siren Festival, Vasto Italy – July 22
Half Die Festival, Rome, Italy – July 24
On Blackheath Festival, London – September 10
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Next articleLINTON KWESI JOHNSON : special event in Manchester | reformed A.R.Kane performance is one not to miss – the first in London in over 20 years.
As for new music, the latest 'Cherry Popsicle' single from Austin, Texas-based Ask For Joy may give you a good joltl to start the week. Equally as thrilling in the alternative rock / shoegaze / postpunk camp are Stella Diana and Manon Meurt, with both Novanta and S T F U (the latest project from Dean Garcia of Curve / SPC ECO) blending in a fair bit of electronica as well. Novanta will also be welcomed by lovers of indie pop and S T F U by lovers of dark wave.
After performances in Spain, Portugal and Estonia at Primavera Sound, NOS Primavera Sound and Kumu OO Festival over the past few weeks, reformed pioneering dream pop outfit A.R.Kane will next be playing at or The Good Ship in London on July 13. They have been annouced for the line-up for several other festivals this summer, including the Siren Festival in Vasto, Italy, the Half Die Festival in Rome, and Britain's On Blackheath Festival.
The first to coin the term 'dream pop' back in the 1980s, referring to the music they make, A.R.Kane went on to influence everyone from My Bloody Valentine and Slowdive to Andrew Weatherall – whose long-running night A Love From Outer Space derives its name from their seminal 1989 track, and also were an important progenitor of such genres as shoegaze, trip hop, acid house and post-rock.
Last summer, A.R.Kane made several festival appearances with the new line-up featuring original 'Kaners Rudy and Maggie Tambala, as well as a new member – Andy Taylor. Their festival repertoire for 2016 includes classic A.R.Kane songs, alongside new material. They have just played Manchester's Soup Kitchen – the first time an A.R.Kane line-up has played a non-festival headlining show in 22 years (the last ones were at CBGBs in NYC and at Hammersmith, supporting David Byrne).
"We are still firmly entrenched in dream pop; from psychedelic folk to trip hop, from shoegaze to electronica, dub and experimental noise … we are focused on live performance more than ever before". Their performance now combines 3 voices, 3 guitars, effects-drenched noise intervals, beats, loops and live synths, creating a fresh space for their structured Dreampop songs."We have a bunch of new songs and are going to start recording this spring – we'd like to release something soon".
The band will also be recording new material this year. In the meantime, the band is collaborating with Canadian-Ukrainian dreampop duo Ummagma on several new tracks for release in 2016. Most recently, A.R.Kane worked witih The Veldt to produce 'And It's You' on their new EP 'The Shocking Fuzz of Your Electric Fur'.
East London duo Rudy Tambala and Alex Ayuli originally formed A.R.Kane in 1986, disrupting the UK music scene by combining groove-based music with indie rock. Refusing to being categorized, they coined the descriptor "Dreampop", with the term being widely adopted by music critics thereafter. Widely recognized as one of the most influential bands of their era, they laid ground for many musical genres that came to dominate the alternative music scene. AllMusic describes A.R.Kane as "the most criminally under-recognized band of their era". The Guardian calls their work "some of the 80's most extraordinary music".
After releasing their debut EP on the One Little Indian label, they moved to 4ADin 1987 and issued the Lollita 12″, produced by Robin Guthrie of Cocteau Twins. Alex and Rudy later released through Rough Trade and David Byrne's own label Luaka Bop. During their brief stint on 4AD, A.R.Kane collaborated with label-mates Colourbox to produce the sample-heavy dance track 'Pump Up The Volume' under the name M|A|R|R | 876 |
Perhaps you are curious why she's called "the Beyoncé of earthquakes," or<|fim_middle|>I Washington Chaper, is co-sponsoring the lecture. | are interested in learning how to survive a Cascadia Earthquake. Whatever catches your attention, don't miss the following lecture by seismologist Lucy Jones, titled "Life Safety In The City: When There Is More To Life Than Not Being Crushed."
"For three decades, seismologist Lucy Jones soothed the nerves of quake-rattled Californians with her calm explanations and common-sense preparedness tips. Her frequent media appearances, including some with her toddler cradled on her hip, earned her a level of celebrity unprecedented among earthquake scientists since Charles Richter lent his name to the first earthquake scale."
"She's been called the Beyoncé of earthquakes, the Meryl Streep of government service, a woman breaking barriers in a man's world," the Los Angeles Times wrote in 2016 when Jones retired from the U.S. Geological Survey."
"Now director of the Dr. Lucy Jones Center for Science and Society, the pioneering researcher and communicator's latest mission is helping cities boost their ability to bounce back from natural disasters by applying science in a way that makes a difference."
The CEE Department, together with the EER | 230 |
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'I always knew this day would come': Read the memo outgoing Goldman Sachs CEO Lloyd Blankfein just sent to staff
Dakin Campbell, Business Insider US
Lloyd Blankfein, Goldman Sachs' chairman and CEO, in 2014.
Jonathan Ernst/Reuters
David Solomon will succeed Lloyd Blankfein as CEO of Goldman Sachs, the firm said Tuesday.
Solomon will officially take the reins from Blankfein, the longest-serving Wall Street CEO after JPMorgan's Jamie Dimon, in October. He'll also join the board.
Blankfein will serve as chairman through the end of year, and Solomon will add the title in January. Blankfein will become senior chairman when he retires, the firm said.
It's official: David Solomon will succeed Lloyd Blankfein as the CEO of Goldman Sachs. The Wall Street firm made the announcement Tuesday, saying Solomon would become CEO and join the board on October 1.
In a staff memo, Blankfein said that it had been hard to imagine leaving but that by his own "convoluted logic, it feels like the right time."
He also praised his successor, saying:
"He was an outstanding division head for more than 10 years, helping cement Investment Banking's leading franchise. And, as a chief operating officer, David has demonstrated strategic insight into all of our businesses, focusing on the key trends that will shape them and what our clients will most value from us in the years to come."
Here's the full memo:
To the People of Goldman Sachs
Today, our firm is announcing that I intend to step down as chief executive officer at the end of September and remain as chairman until the end of the year, and that David Solomon will succeed me in both roles. After I retire, I will be honored to serve as senior chairman to support our firm where I can.
I always knew this day would come. But, of course, the reality of it prompts many thoughts and emotions.
When I've been asked about succession in the past, it's always been hard for me to imagine leaving. When times are tougher, you can't leave. And, when times are better, you don't want to leave.
Today, I don't want to retire from Goldman Sachs, but by my own perhaps convoluted logic, it feels like the right time. I am very optimistic that our firm has tremendous opportunities ahead and will continue to earn its distinctive position. Few things in life are granted, but I'm very proud that dedication, drive and focus continue to define this institution on the eve of its 150th year.
Thirty-six years at Goldman Sachs and over 12 years as chairman and CEO is a long time. As I get distance from my role, I suspect people will ask me what I miss most about the firm and the special opportunity to lead it.
I already know the answer: all of you. The people of Goldman Sachs have always been our most differentiating strength.
When we've had tough days (or a crisis or two), I could count on you to bear down, help our clients and focus on solutions and getting better.<|fim_middle|> for more than 10 years, helping cement Investment Banking's leading franchise. And, as a chief operating officer, David has demonstrated strategic insight into all of our businesses, focusing on the key trends that will shape them and what our clients will most value from us in the years to come.
I want to especially thank my wife, Laura, and our children, Alex, Jonathan and Rachel. It may be hard for some of you to believe, but I'm told that sometimes I'm not the easiest person to live with. I could not have gone through the ups and downs of the last 12 years without their patience, love and constant support.
I hope to pursue other interests in my life, but I will never do anything that will be as much a part of me as working with all of you in such a special place.
Goldman Sachs just named its next CEO – here are the execs who will be in and out, according to a dozen insiders
David Solomon | In better times, I have fed off your excitement, ideas and passion. And, there were times when your support got me through my own challenges.
I want to congratulate David. He's been a terrific partner to me and I look forward to watching him lead Goldman Sachs for years to come. He was an outstanding division head | 65 |
Notre Dame dean rides bicycle through Ely on cross-country fundraiser
Posted by Garrett Estrada | Jun 26, 2015 | News | 0
Greg Crawford knows that the distinction of a "rare disease" is a bit of a misnomer. As dean of the College of Science, Crawford spends his time during the school year to research fatal conditions such as Niemann-Pick Type C (NPC) disease, a rare genetic cholestoral-storage disorder that primarily strikes children before or during adolescence and is always fatal.
During the summer, Crawford takes to the road, traveling the country on his bicycle to spread awareness and raise money for more research. It became a yearly tradition after he completed his first 3,500 ride back in 2010. In his first four years, Crawford said that he has been able to raise a total of $1 million, but he has his hopes set much higher for this years trek.
"The goal for this year is to raise $1 million on this ride alone, which would equal all my previous rides combined," he said.
Crawford began this years journey in Long Island, N. Y. on May 26. Since then he has been making his way west, with a final destination of Pebble Beach, Calif. Crawford made his way through White Pine<|fim_middle|> hold September geothermal lease sale
Drought causing challenges in agriculture, though profits remain high
Hometown Pizza | County on Sunday, making a brief stop in Ely to try and recover from the summer heat.
Greg Crawford rides his bicycle through White Pine County alongside a Notre Dame van headed to Reno. (Courtesy photo)
"This leg of the trip through Nevada has been the most difficult of any part of a ride in my five years doing this," Crawford said. He cited the high winds that gusted through town over the weekend as the main contributor to his difficulties.
But for the college dean, the ride and the sights across America are only a side dish to a much larger meal. Since he is followed by a Notre Dame labeled van on his journey, Crawford said that many people will often stop him and ask about what Notre Dame is doing in this part of the country. Those interactions, at the "pit stops, the bathroom breaks and on the side of the road" are his chance to spread awareness about the type of research him and his team are doing at the college. As it turns out, he always seems to run into at least a few people who have come across a rare disease, or know someone who has.
"What people don't realize is that there are more than 8,000 different rare diseases. Anyone one in particular might only affect a small portion of people but when looked at collectively, one in 10 people in the United States has a rare disease," he said.
Along his ride, Crawford has stopped and attended multiple fundraising events put on by the Notre Dame alumni clubs and their communities. As of Monday morning, just four days shy of finishing his trip, Crawford said that he had raised over $800,000. His final fundraiser, a golf tournament put on by Notre Dame's College of Science and the Ara Parseghian Medical Research Foundation is expected to get him the rest of the way to his $1 million goal. According to press materials sent by Notre Dame, the money will go directly to funding research for NPC, as well as two other rare diseases that affect young children, Nonketonic Hyperglycinemia which can lead to developmental damages and brain damage and NGLY1 Deficiency, a disorder that can result in abnormal tear production and liver disease.
This year's trip has been given the title of "Road to Discovery" and when it is completed it will mark close to 15,000 total miles ridden by Crawford since its inception. For more information on the "Road to Discovery," visit www.roadtodiscovery.nd.edu. To learn more about the NPC research that is being done by the College of Science, visit www.niemannpick.nd.edu.
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PAB - News and Information
PAB News
Book on Origins of Community Development Makes References to PAB, Congregation
In his 2018 book, Democratizing Finance: Origins of the Community Development Financial Institutions Movement, Clifford N. Rosenthal makes references to the key role Adrian Dominican Sisters played in the Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFI) movement – and in bringing the Sisters' social justice focus to finance.
The author notes the Congregation's establishment in 1974 of the Portfolio Advisory Board (PAB), which, rooted in Catholic social justice teachings, brings social justice to finance through shareholder advocacy with corporations and community investment (page 73).
He also cites the Congregation's "leading role among faith-based community investors" when, in 1982, it awarded a $30,000 low-interest loan to the National Federation of Community Development Credit Unions (CDCU). He notes that, of all community investors, "the Adrian Dominicans were distinguished by their strong engagement: they wanted to see the impact of their investment first-hand, and where needed, to try to help out with workouts when organizations ran into trouble" (pp. 121-122).
Finally, he cites the recent critique of CDFIs by Adrian Dominican Sister Corinne Florek, OP, consultant to the PAB and Director of the Religious Communities Investment Fund and the Mercy Partnership Fund. Sister Corinne has called on CDFIs to remember their original purpose, to grant loans to community organizations seen as too risky for commercial banks, and not to get side-tracked by focusing on the strength of their own financial performance.
For more information on the Portfolio Advisory Board of the Adrian Dominican Sisters, explore their webpages or contact them at 517-266-352 or PAB@adriandominicans.org.
On April 1, 2019 in CI by News EditorComment 0
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Adrian Dominican Sisters Share Stories of Experience in Resilient Communities
August 28, 2018, Adrian, Michigan – Neighbors in an abandoned area of Detroit, people evicted from their ancestral lands and living in a "squatters' community" in a desert area of the Dominican Republic, and the homeless population in the State of Washington. People in these situations were able to overcome their desperate circumstances, form community, and improve their lives with the help of individual Adrian Dominican Sisters.
| VIEW A VIDEO RECORDING OF THE PRESENTATION AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS ARTICLE |
Sister Patricia Siemen, OP, Prioress, lights the Christ Fire at the beginning of Resiliency in our Midst.
The Sisters who ministered with the people to form these communities shared what they learned during an educational forum that was designed to help others in the Congregation to help create resiliency in their own communities. One of four Enactments of General Chapter 2016 commits the Congregation to "facilitate and participate in creating resilient communities with people who are relegated to the margins, valuing their faith, wisdom, and integrity."
Although resilient communities can be defined in a number of ways, the Adrian Dominican Sisters have adopted this working definition: "one that has a long-range sustainable vision that emerges from the community through an inclusive, collaborative process that engages diverse grassroots leaders and persons who have traditionally been marginalized; creates partnerships built on trust; seeks equity and justice; draws on spiritual wisdom and is healing; and reflects a concern for future generations, living within Earth's regenerative capacity (i.e., 'one-planet thinking'). These elements combine to promote the well-being and vitality of the community and its ability to address ongoing stressors from crises or disasters and sustain itself into the future."
The Adrian Dominican Sisters' Leadership Council designated 2<|fim_middle|> smaller congregations that never had their own community investment program to participate in this ministry. "The investment is an extension of our charism into an arena where we would not otherwise be visible – a spiritual parallel to the hidden life of the Holy Family in Nazareth," said Sister Gladys Guenther, of the Sisters of the Holy Family, at the fifth anniversary celebration of RCIF.
RCIF is "another way to turn the coin on our diminishing resources so that they are working to transform underserved areas," said Sister Cathy Minhoto, of the Religious of the Sacred Heart of Mary. "Through partnerships we never had 50 years ago, we are able to continue our mission and we can see the impact our investment makes globally."
The Adrian Dominican Sisters joined RCIF in 2017. The advantage of membership is that it allows for larger and riskier loans. Some of the more intriguing loans made possible by RCIF were to organizations such as Los Angeles House of Ruth, a domestic violence prevention program; the YWCA of Watsonville, California, which offers a program to empower Latina girls; a student cooperative in Bloomington, Indiana, for their residence; and Friendship Bridge, which provides microfinance and health clinics to indigenous women in Guatemala.
A unique feature of RCIF is its development of prayer cards for the congregations. Each year, RCIF chooses five organizations and gives prayer cards to the Sisters in the member congregations, describing the organization and asking them to pray for the staff and clients. "When I do a site visit and I talk to the staff about who the Sisters are and that we come with not just money but also our prayers, I see many eyes well up with tears," Sister Corinne said. "Our prayers are deeply appreciated because this work is hard and it takes strength and courage from staff, as well as their clients."
RCIF is delighted that the Adrian Dominicans have become a member to continue this ministry of economic justice.
Left: This Guatemalan weaver is one of the clients of Friendship Bridge. Right: Girls practice yoga as part of their empowerment program at the YWCA in Watsonville, California.
On January 2, 2018 in CI by EditorComment 0
Tagged With: news, PAB Insights, Portfolio Advisory Board, RCIF / 1699 Views
First Nations Oweesta Corporation
December, 2017 – First Nations Oweesta Corporation was created 18 years ago to address the lack of capital and financial infrastructure needed for economic development in Native communities recognized by its parent organization, First Nations Development Institute. Oweesta's mission is to provide opportunities for Native people to develop financial assets and create wealth by assisting in the establishment of strong, permanent institutions and programs contributing to economic independence and strengthening sovereignty for all Native communities.
Oweesta is the only existing intermediary to Native Community Development Financial Institutions (NCDFIs), offering financial products and development services exclusively to Native CDFIs and Native communities. Specifically, Oweesta provides training, technical assistance, investments, research, and policy advocacy to help Native communities develop an integrated range of asset-building products and services, including financial education and financial products.
Oweesta's education program assists in developing programs such as financial education, matched savings programs, and credit counseling. Its Building Native Communities: Financial Skills for Families curriculum offers a culturally appropriate training program to help Native organizations establish and sustain financial education programs from certified instructors with deep experience in Native communities.
In addition, Oweesta assists certified and emerging Native CDFIs with individualized training, technical assistance, and systematic, multi-faceted program delivery. Their goal is to help create and sustain healthy and thriving Native CDFI operations.
Oweesta seeks to create appropriate loan products that enable reinvestment of capital back into Native communities. As a lending intermediary, Oweesta is also supported by debt and equity investments, which enhances its capitalization base to better serve Native communities across the nation.
As a leader in the Native CDFI industry, Oweesta strives to inform potential investors, federal agencies, and the general public on the current industry climate. Employees research and distribute several publications each year and analyze best practices within established Native CDFIs.
Oweesta serves as a voice for Native communities to help inform policy that supports Native community development and encourages Native communities to join in advocacy work.
For more information, visit www.oweesta.org
Oweesta hosts a training session in Denver for its 'Building Native Communities' curriculum
On December 13, 2017 in CI by News EditorComment 0
Tagged With: Community Development Financial Institutions, financial education, First Nations, Native Communities / 1316 Views
Book on Origins of Community Development Makes References to PAB, Congregation Posted 4 months ago
In his 2018 book, Democratizing Finance: Origins of the Community Development Financial Institutions Movement, Clifford N. Rosenthal makes references ...
Adrian Dominican Sisters Share Stories of Experience in Resilient Communities Posted 10 months ago
August 28, 2018, Adrian, Michigan – Neighbors in an abandoned area of Detroit, people evicted from their ancestral lands ...
Latino Credit Union Offers Financial Services to Residents Posted 12 months ago
By Robert Rudy There was a time in the early 1990s, Alison Yonas recounts, that a rapid increase in the ...
Adrian Dominican Sisters Offer Educational Forum on Resilient Communities Posted 12 months ago
July 23, 2018, Adrian, Michigan – The second in a series of educational forums on resilient communities is being ...
Sister Corinne Florek Describes Ministry of Socially Responsible Investment Posted last year
June 28, 2018, San Rafael, California – In a talk last month at the Dominican Sisters Center in San ...
Portfolio Advisory Board, Adrian Dominican Sisters | 1257 E. Siena Heights Drive | Adrian, Michigan 49221
Phone: (517) 266-3523 | Email: | 018 as a year of study about resilient communities. Resiliency in our Midst, held on August 22 at Weber Retreat & Conference Center, brought forward the personal experiences of Sisters Janet Stankowski, OP; Maurine Barzantni, OP; and Judy Byron, OP.
While the ministries they spoke of differ, the three Sisters also spoke of ways that they specifically fit the Congregation's working definition of resilient communities. Many of these communities fit a number of aspects of the definition, but below are highlights.
"… engages diverse grassroots leaders and persons who have traditionally been marginalized."
Sister Maurine Barzantni, OP
In their ministry, Sisters Maurine Barzantni, OP, and Renee Richie, OP, waked with and fostered the leadership abilities of the local women living with their families in a cluster of houses – essentially a "squatter's community" at the crossroads of Cruce de Arroyo Honda in the Dominican Republic. "We told them we couldn't lead the meetings because our Spanish wasn't good," Sister Maurine said. They role-played with the women so that they could manage an upcoming meeting – and helped them to build up their confidence. "About a dozen women emerged as leaders."
Once the women came to understand that God did not want them to be poor, they worked together to meet the community needs that they themselves identified. Working as committees, they brought to their community prefabricated latrines; medical services, such as weekly consultations by two doctors, a pharmacy, and a medical lab; and Fe y Alegria Espiritu Santo, a school that began with 127 first-grade students ages 6 to 16. Because of earlier lack of educational opportunities, many of the students began first grade at an older age. The school now boasts a K-12 program with 1,500 students and professional teachers who graduated from their school.
"Draws on spiritual wisdom and is healing …"
Sister Janet Stankowski, OP
Sister Janet Stankowski, OP, and Associate Patricia Gillis founded Voices for Earth Justice as an interfaith community "praying, learning, and taking action together for Earth justice." The community was developed to address the environmental injustice plaguing the people of Detroit. In 2011, they purchased five lots with two buildings in the Brightmoor area of Detroit and built Hope House as a "gathering place and resource for neighbors and visitors," especially around the area of environmental justice.
Voices for Earth Justice offers a number of workshops and retreats and leads the community in actions such as climate marches and lobbying with legislators, but remains focused on spirituality. "Prayer was and is our focus – to bring people together to pray for peace for all creation," Sister Janet said. "We believe a spiritual transformation was needed to make the pollution and destruction stop."
"Creates partnerships built on trust …"
Sister Judy Byron, OP
Sister Judy Byron, OP, serves on the Board of Directors of Mercy Housing Northwest, an organization founded in 1992 through a collaboration of five communities of women religious in the Seattle area – including the Edmonds Dominican Sisters, now merged with the Adrian Dominican Sisters – and Mercy Housing, Inc. The goal was to create stable, permanent, affordable housing for groups that could otherwise be homeless, including low-income families, seniors, and immigrants and refugees.
Today, Mercy Housing Northwest manages about 54 properties, residential complexes in the State of Washington that offer services such wellness and after-school programs. Many of those complexes were developed through partnerships. For example, Emerald City Commons – a 60-unit complex in Seattle – was developed through collaboration with an evangelical church, which had owned the property and wanted to build housing on it. Mercy Housing Northwest partnered with them to develop the complex, Sister Judy said. She explained that Mercy Housing Northwest also collaborates with government organizations, foundations, and other social service and non-profit agencies to develop housing for people in need.
The models described by Sisters Janet, Maurine, and Judy can serve as inspiration for the various Resilient Communities Committees in the Congregation's Mission Chapters explore areas in their geographic region where they can work with local residents to create resilient communities.
Feature photo (top): Sister Christa Marsik, OP, poses a question to one of the three panelists speaking during the Resiliency in our Midst educational forum.
From left, Sisters Janet Stankowski, OP, and Judy Byron, OP, listen to Sister Maurine Barzantni, OP, during a panel presentation. Associate Dee Joyner, Director of Resilient Communities, listens from the podium.
On September 3, 2018 in CI by News EditorComment 0
Tagged With: 2016 General Chapter Enactments, Cruce de Arroyo Honda, Detroit, Dominican Republic, Edmonds Dominican Sisters, Fe y Alegria Espiritu Santo, Mercy Housing Northwest, Office of Resilient Communities, Resiliency in our Midst, Resilient Communities, Voices for Earth Justice / 1006 Views
Latino Credit Union Offers Financial Services to Residents
By Robert Rudy
There was a time in the early 1990s, Alison Yonas recounts, that a rapid increase in the size of the Latino community in North Carolina was creating a serious crime problem for new immigrants. "Some newcomers were coming from places where people did not use financial institutions or feel comfortable doing so," she said. "They were easy targets for robbery and home invasions."
In 2000, as a grassroots response to crime against Latino immigrants, the Latino Community Credit Union was established to provide a safe place for the Latino immigrants to save money and become more comfortable with financial situations. Through the years, the credit union has received loans from both the Religious Communities Investment Fund (RCIF), directed by Adrian Dominican Sister Corinne Florek, OP, and the Adrian Dominican Sisters, through the Portfolio Advisory Board (PAB).
The low-interest loans have helped the Latino Credit Union in its services to the local community. "When people come from countries where financial systems have failed or their experiences aren't as strong, and you come to this country with issues of language and cultural concerns about entering a bank, it's hard to feel comfortable," said Alison, Vice Present of Development and Strategic Investments for the credit union.
Based in Durham, the Latino Credit Union now has 75,000 members in 12 branches throughout North Carolina. Alison said the credit union provides bilingual and bicultural services which do not require a credit history and are geared to be accessible to members – from starter accounts to checking accounts, IRAs to affordable mortgage loans.
RCIF has been involved with the Latino Credit Union since lending the organization $150,000 in 2010, Alison said. She explained that the relationship of RCIF and the credit union is an easy one because of the alignment of their missions and because "people with RCIF are leaders in socially responsible investing."
The Latino Credit Union provides banking solutions and education through workshops on such topics as budgeting, saving, and credit. "The workshops are one of the most inspiring parts of the work that we do," Alison said. "We have a graduation ceremony at the end of the workshops. For some of our members, it's their first experience graduating."
The credit union has also helped more than 2,300 "dreamers" – those who immigrated to the United States as children with their parents without formal papers – with a loan for the $465 application fee for the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program. The Latino Credit Union has provided more of these loans than any other country, Alison said.
Posted July 2018
Feature photo: The Latino Credit Union, organized into 12 branches in North Carolina, offers financial services to those who might not otherwise have access to those services. Photo Courtesy of Latino Credit Union
On July 26, 2018 in CI by News EditorComment 0
Tagged With: immigrants, Latino Credit Union, PAB, Portfolio Advisory Board / 910 Views
Adrian Dominican Sisters Offer Educational Forum on Resilient Communities
July 23, 2018, Adrian, Michigan – The second in a series of educational forums on resilient communities is being offered by Adrian Dominican Sisters from 1:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. Wednesday, August 22, 2018, at Weber Retreat and Conference Center. Titled "Resiliency in our Midst," the program includes presentations by Adrian Dominican Sisters Judy Byron, OP, Maurine Barzantni, OP, and Janet Stankowski, OP, on their experiences in serving in resilient communities.
The program is free and open to the public, but space is limited. Early registration is recommended by calling 517-266-4000 or visiting http://bit.ly/RCweber.
About 26 years ago, Sister Judy and women religious from four other congregations in the Seattle area responded to the growing problem of homelessness by building partnerships among religious, developers, and residents to create affordable housing and wrap-around services. By reaching out to neighbors and working with others, Mercy Northwest Housing became a national model for comprehensive community development.
In 1960, Sister Judy entered the Congregation of the Dominican Sisters of Edmonds (Washington), which merged with the Adrian Dominican Congregation in 2003. She was elected to serve on the Edmonds Dominicans' General Council and later as Prioress. She was one of the founders of the Intercommunity Peace and Justice Center, where she serves as Program Director. She is also the Director of the Northwest Coalition for Responsible Investment.
Sister Maurine and the late Renee Richie, OP, began to minister with displaced and impoverished people in a remote, rural area of the Dominican Republic in 1990. They met with the women of El Cruce de Arroyo Hondo to identify needs and dreams: a medicine dispensary and a K-12 school, Escuela Espíritu Santo Fe y Alegria, which has become the heart of the community. Sister Maurine left the Dominican Republic in 2011 and has since ministered in Kenya for three years and for another three years among the Carrier Nation in northern British Columbia, Canada. An Adrian Dominican Sister for 59 years, Sister Maurine taught in the Chicago area for most of her first 30 years in religious life.
Sister Janet's commitment to saving the planet brought her together with Patty Gillis, an Adrian Dominican Associate, to co-found Voices for Earth Justice. Based in Detroit, this interfaith nonprofit organization helps diverse faith communities engage in environmental awareness and action. Sister Janet's work with Voices for Earth Justice led to the renovation of a house in Brightmoor, one of Detroit's poorest neighborhoods. Hope House is a gathering place to connect with nature and with people from diverse backgrounds, contributing to the revitalization of the neighborhood. An Adrian Dominican Sister for 45 years, Sister Janet also has ministered as a teacher, university chaplain, parish administrator, residence hall director, and not-for-profit board member.
Weber Center is on the campus of the Adrian Dominican Sisters' Motherhouse, 1257 E. Siena Heights Drive, Adrian. Enter the Eastern-most driveway of the complex and follow the signs to Weber Center. For information, call the Weber Center at 517-266-4000.
View/Download the Event Flyer (PDF)
Tagged With: 2016 Chapter Enactments, Associate Dee Joyner, Edmonds Dominican Sisters, Escuela Santo Spiritu Fe y Alegria, Hope House, Intercommunity Peace and Justice Center, Northwest Coalition for Responsible Investment, Patty Gillis, Resilient Communities Educational Forum, Sister Janet Stankowski, Sister Judith Byron, Sister Maurine Barzantni, Sister Renee Richie, Voices for Earth Justice, Weber Center / 3280 Views
Sister Corinne Florek Describes Ministry of Socially Responsible Investment
June 28, 2018, San Rafael, California – In a talk last month at the Dominican Sisters Center in San Rafael, Adrian Dominican Sister Corinne Florek, OP, spoke of the socially responsible investment of Congregations such as the Dominican Sisters of San Rafael. The San Rafael Dominicans are one of eight communities of women religious who invest through the Religious Communities Investment Fund (RCIF), directed by Sister Corinne. In her talk, Sister Corinne explained the social justice benefits of the RCIF, which invests in non-profit organizations that address the needs of low-income people. The Adrian Dominican Sisters perform a similar ministry of socially responsible investment through its Portfolio Advisory Board, of which Sister Corinne is a consultant.
Read the entire article by Christina Gray in the San Francisco Catholic.
On June 28, 2018 in CI by News EditorComment 0
Tagged With: economic justice, Religious Communities Investment Fund, San Francisco Catholic, socially responsible investment / 1035 Views
Sister Judy Byron, OP, Fights Gun Violence in Boardroom
May 4, 2018, Prescott, Arizona – Sister Judy Byron, OP, and other faith-based investors, have struggled for years to end the mass shootings and other forms of gun violence brought on by easy access to guns. Now, Sister Judy – Director of the Northwest Coalition for Responsible Investment and consultant for the Adrian Dominican Sisters' Portfolio Advisory Board – will continue that struggle at the May 9 annual meeting of Sturm Ruger & Company. Stockholders will vote on a resolution written by faith-based investors to request that the weapons company be upfront about its efforts to lessen gun violence.
Read more about the efforts of Sister Judy and other faith-based investors in this article by Claudia Koerner on BuzzFeed News.
On May 4, 2018 in CR by News EditorComment 0
Tagged With: BuzzFeed, gun violence, stockholder resolutions, Sturm Ruger & Company / 1365 Views
Shareholders: U.S. at Tipping Point on Gun Violence
By Sister Judy Byron, OP
Director of the Northwest Coalition for Responsible Investment
Miriam Webster defines a tipping point as "the critical point in a situation, process, or system beyond which a significant and often unstoppable effect or change takes place." Are we at a tipping point on the issue of guns in the United States? With each passing day, the evidence would seem to be a resounding "Yes!"
On March 29, faith based investors released an Investor Statement on Gun Violence, endorsed by more than 140 investors representing $634 billion in assets, calling on gun manufacturers, retailers, and distributors, as well as companies with financial ties to these industries, to "review their operations, supply chains and policies and take meaningful action on this public safety concern."
The members of the Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility (ICCR) and the Adrian Dominican Sisters have a long history of promoting peace through shareholder advocacy. We began in 1971 by addressing apartheid in South Africa, and continued by working with weapons' manufacturers to use ethical criteria for sales to foreign governments and by leading an investor campaign against graphic violence in video games.
Responding to the increasing number of incidents of gun-related violence year after year, I convened my colleagues at ICCR in 2016 to address gun manufacturers and retailers on their role in the gun violence epidemic. As shareholders in American Outdoor Brands, Sturm Ruger and Dick's Sporting Goods, we quietly worked on letters and resolutions, and then the tragedy at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School occurred on February 14. Four days later, ICCR shareholders were swept up into the activist movement that has become known as #NeverAgain. Our children are leading us to end gun violence in our country, to ensure safety in their schools, neighborhoods, homes, and churches.
Adam Kanzer, of Domini Impact Investments, had the last word in the ICCR Press Release announcing our Investor Statement on Gun Violence, "The bravery and eloquence of the Parkland students has brought us to a tipping point on this issue. Today, we are asking investors and corporations large and small to take a hard look at their connections to gun violence and do what they can to restore peace and safety to our communities. We hope that our recommendations will serve as a blueprint for these actions."
It is our hope that you are finding yourself asking, "What can I do as an individual to end gun violence in our country?" We leave you with a few suggestions:
Vote and encourage young people to vote by helping them to register.
Support legislation that promotes gun safety.
Thank companies that support gun safety, such as Delta Airlines and Dick's Sporting Goods.
Be aware of your use of violent words and images; use peaceful alternatives.
On April 12, 2018 in CR by EditorComment 0
Tagged With: gun violence, ICCR, Sister Judy Byron / 1180 Views
Despite Many Changes, PAB Continues Mission of Socially Responsible Investing
March 5, 2018, Adrian, Michigan – The Adrian Dominican Sisters' Portfolio Advisory Board (PAB) continues its 43-year-old mission of socially responsible investing with a new structure and staff. The changes were outlined in a recent presentation to Adrian Dominican Sisters living on the Motherhouse campus.
Much of the presentation focused on the new structure of the PAB, which was put into place after the December 2016 retirement of Lura Mack, long-time Executive Director of the PAB. Most recently, Dee Joyner, Chair of the PAB at the time, was asked to serve as director of the Congregation's new Office of Resilient Communities. This office was established to help the Congregation live out its 2016 General Chapter Enactment to "facilitate and participate in creating resilient communities with people who are relegated to the margins." Dee, an Adrian Dominican Associate, had served as Vice President of Commerce Bank and Economic Developer of St. Louis County, Missouri. While she is no longer the Chair, her new position involves overseeing the PAB.
The PAB is now headed by Co-chairs Rosemary Martin, former Chair of the Community Investment Committee, and Kathy Woods, former Chair of the Corporate Responsibility Committee. The two committees – now working as one streamlined Board – represent the dual functions of the PAB.
In introducing the two new Co-chairs, Dee noted the "wealth of experience" they bring to their new role on the PAB. Kathy, a former Adrian Dominican Sister, was one of the founding members of the PAB, with extensive experience in not-for-profit organizations, particularly hospital work and counseling. Rosemary, an Adrian Dominican Associate from North Carolina, also has been involved in the non-profit world. She founded and directed an international adopting agency, placing more than 2,000 children from other countries into loving homes in the United States. She now works for an accreditation company for service organizations.
In both corporate responsibility and community investments, the PAB collaborates with other communities of women religious. Pat Zerega, senior director of shareholder advocacies for Mercy Investments, works with the PAB in the area of corporate responsibility. The PAB also collaborates with other members of the Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility in working with corporations to help them to be more socially responsible in their actions and policies.
Since the retirement of Lura Mack, who did much of the work with community investments, the PAB sought the help of an organization that could help in that area. Members of the PAB unanimously chose the Religious Communities Investment Fund (RCIF), founded and directed by Adrian Dominican Sister Corinne Florek, OP.
Kris Cooper, Office Manager, has served the PAB on the staff since 2013. Other members of the PAB are Sister Patricia Leonard, OP, Associate Director of St. Ann Place, a homeless hygiene center in West Palm Beach, Florida; Sister Marilín Llanes, OP, school psychologist in Joliet, Illinois; Lloyd Van Bylevelt, an Adrian Dominican Associate who serves at the Peace Education Foundation in Miami; Marcy Brown, Vice President in Commercial Treasury Management at First Federal Bank in Adrian; and Margaret Weber, who works for the Basilian Fathers in Toronto in the area of socially responsible investment. Sister Elise García, OP, is the General Council liaison to the PAB. Pat Zerega and Adrian Dominican Sisters Judy Byron, OP, and Corinne Florek, OP, serve as consultants.
On March 6, 2018 in CR by EditorComment 0
Tagged With: alternative investments, corporate responsibility, Dee Joyner, Kathy Woods, Kris Cooper, Lloyd Van Bylevelt, Marcy Brown, Mercy Investments, Portfolio Advisory Board, Religious Communities Investment Fund, resilient communities, Rosemary Martin, Sister Corinne Florek, Sister Elise Garcia, Sister Judy Byron, Sister Patricia Leonard, update / 1440 Views
Religious Communities Investment Fund
A Passion for the Peripheries
Co-creating an Economy for All
Investing in the Environment
Prophetic Witness
Uniting Faith and Capital
Cultivating a Legacy
Making a Difference Bit by Little Bit
Ministry through Collaboration
These are the titles of the Religious Communities Investment Fund's (RCIF) annual reports for the past eight years.
During those years, RCIF has grown from a $3 million fund begun by 11 congregations of women religious to a $10 million fund sponsored by 28 congregations. These congregations believe that they are called to use their financial resources as a ministry to help overcome social and environmental inequities. RCIF's portfolio includes loans to intermediaries such as loan funds, credit unions, and international microfinance institutions, as well as direct loans to nonprofits.
RCIF's mission is to promote economic justice through investments in low-income communities worldwide. The fund seeks to promote an economy of solidarity and to reflect the Gospel values of economic justice, compassion, human dignity, and environmental stewardship. As Adrian Dominican Sister Corinne Florek, OP, the founding Executive Director, has said, "We promised the congregations that this fund would be as effective, efficient, and prophetic as when each congregation operated their own fund."
RCIF enables | 4,673 |
INDIALIFESTYLE
Rajkot: Class 8 student dies of cardiac arrest, parents blame school
The parents of a class 8 student who passed away due to a severe cardiac arrest have blamed the school management for her death, saying the sweaters prescribed by the authorities amid the cold wave were not enough to protect the victim.
In a letter address to the Rajkot District Primary Education officer (DPEO), principal of the Shree Amritlal Virchand Jasani Vidyamandir school said: "On Tuesday morning, English medium class VIII student Riya Soni complained of uneasiness at 7.23 a.m.. Her parents were called, who took her to hospital, where the doctor<|fim_middle|>ya's parents have alleged that their daughter was healthy and not suffering from any disease.
They further said that had the school changed their timings as per DPEO's instruction, from 7.30 a.m. to 8.30 a.m., she would not have died, adding that the sweaters prescribed by the management was not enough to protect children in the cold wave.
It is too early to say that Riya died because of the cold wave, DPEO B.S. Kaila told IANS, adding that the dctor's primary diagnosis is that she died because of a severe cardiac arrest.
Her blood samples have been sent to the FSL
The FSL will also carry out a vicera test and only after that the real reason behind death can be confirmed, he added.
As per school safety rules, school managements are supposed to take calls about imings as per requirement be it cold wave, heavy rains, or heat wave, the officer said.
He added that education inspectors and staff will increase visits to schools to check on winter clothing of students.
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Five state assembly polls unlikely to be postponed | declared her brought dead."
According to the principal Smitaben, when the victim fell, her classmates and teachers rubbed her arms and legs in an effort to help her recover.
On the other hand, Ri | 41 |
care, disease, dog, health
The piómetra the canine is a bacterial infection of the uterus. Their clinical signs are poorly specific and obvious so it is important to know what it is to be more attentive to your dog. The piómetra can be open or closed, depending on whether or not there is vaginal discharge, and the treatment passes by castration.
The piómetra the canine is a bacterial infection of the uterus secondary to a hormonal change, characterized by hyperplasia (increase) in cystic endometrium (inner layer of the uterus), which occurs mostly in female dogs no castrated with more than 5 years of age, 4 to 8 weeks after the cio.
THE ETIOLOGY OF PIÓMETRA CANINE
Hyperplasia cystic of uterus is the increase pathological progressive in the size and number of glands of the endometrium as a response<|fim_middle|>, today is the company Strategy Analytics which surprises us by attaching data of each other to confirm that, for the first time in its history, Huawei becomes the…
Pregnancy and Dengue
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease common in tropical regions where the temperature is higher but there are periods of heavy rainfall. Dengue consists of a viral infection in which the main symptom is fever, usually the signs 3 days after the mosquito bite. The symptoms of dengue are very similar to a simple flu, for a correct diagnosis is important to do some medical examinations, pregnant…
Get To Know The Bike Modalities And Discover What Your Style Is
Do you know all the bike modalities? Bike riding is something that all people should do, whether for sport or for fun. From children we are instigated to ride on small bicycles still with support wheels, then without them and sometimes this "joke" is no longer fun with the passing of the years. Anyway, there are a lot of people who are serious about cycling in their different… | to the continuous exposure to the hormone progesterone, exposure that occurs in each cycle éstrico (cio). This hyperplasia is responsible for the production of secretions that accumulate on the inside of the uterus.
At the same time, the hormone progesterone decreases the defenses locations of the uterus and its ability of contraction. From the point of view of reproduction, this hormone for is, when it occurs to fertilization, allowing the embryo to find a favorable environment for its development in the uterus, without being attacked by the defenses of local or expelled.
CHAIN OF EVENTS
During the active phase of the reproductive cycle of the bitch, the cervix ( the area of transition from the vagina to the uterus) remains open and this allows the passage of bacteria, which are part of the normal flora of the vagina, to the uterus.
After oestrus, the cervix closes and the uterus is under the influence of progesterone. The junction of all these events form the ideal conditions for the multiplication of the bacteria and consequent piómetra.
WHAT ARE THE ANIMALS WITH THE GREATEST RISK OF PIÓMETRA CANINE?
Most piómetras occurs in bitches with more than 5 years old who have developed hyperplasia, cystic endometrium due to the continued exposure and repeated to progesterone, which is produced during the successive cios.
There is also another group at risk, more young and that has no relationship with the hyperplasia, cystic endometrium. The females who have undergone hormone treatments with estrogen to abort or with progestogens to prevent the cio are very predisposed to piómetra, by which the administration of these drugs as a way to control breeding is highly discouraged.
You can also develop in females and castrated but for which the tissue of the uterus was not entirely removed, as well as when there are complications, and infections postpartum.
Due to the fact that the reproductive cycle of the cats be different, with lower blood concentrations of progesterone, is the most frequent occurrence of piómetra in bitches.
CLINICAL SIGNS OF PIÓMETRA CANINE
The clinical signs of piómetra are sometimes unclear, which explains that this is often a pathology that develops quietly without the owners realising the gravity of the situation.
Usually come 4 to 8 weeks after the cio, or after the administration of the hormones mentioned above.
Are varied, and include lethargy, anorexia, polidipsia (increased water intake), polyuria (increased urine output), and vomiting.
The piómetra canine may present itself in two ways:
Open – cervix is open and allows the passage into the vagina of pus that forms in the womb;
Closed – cervix is closed and does not allow the passage to the vagina, the pus formed in the womb.
Depending on whether the one way or another, the clinical presentation varies. There is absorption of bacteria and toxins present in the pus, into the blood stream, which can, in severe cases, lead to septicemia (massive infection), compromising the functioning of the organic.
In piómetras are closed, the uterus can accumulate pus up to the limit of its capacity, which may result in rupture and infection severe abdominal cavity.
· DIAGNOSIS OF PIÓMETRA
The diagnosis is made based on the clinical history of the animal, including the signals and the time passed after the cio. The realization of an x-ray and/or abdominal ultrasound confirms the diagnosis, allowing you a view of the uterus with excessive liquid content.
Should also be performed blood work to see if there have been the most affected organs due to the spread of the infection, including the kidney.
· TREATMENT OF PIÓMETRA CANINE
The treatment of choice for this problem is the ovariohisterectomia (removal of uterus and ovaries), after its stabilisation by serum and antibiotics.
In the case of the bitch worth breeding, you can consider medical treatment, in alternative to castration with the administration of antibiotics and hormones that help to expel the contents purulent.
However, only the ovariohisterectomia prevents the recurrence of the piómetra canine.
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Huawei Beats LG and Already Is The Third Manufacturer of Smartphones a Worldwide
Well already entered the last quarter of 2013, now still we go knowing dropper results from leading manufacturers for the third quarter. If the week last Samsung confirmed its insulting domain while LG was pleased to see your good health | 1,138 |
The ideal tool for measuring all body parts length and width. The Sequoia OrbiTape allows you to measure any part of your body with ease and completely independently requiring just the one hand using the unique locking mechanism. Orbitape is the number one choice for anyone looking to measure see improvements over time.<|fim_middle|> add reviews for Sequoia OrbiTape.
Easy to use and accurate, good buy!
Quick delivery, box very well packed. Tape works well and is easy to use. Happy with purchase. | Utilising Sequoia's Constant Tension Technology for accurate military-precision and measurement the OrbiTape is Durable, Accurate and Easy to use!
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The OrbiTape is capable of measuring any part of the body, thanks to it's length (60 inches), ease of use and it's clever curved design, providing you a lock in fit around any curved area of the body.
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A body tape measure is a tape able to measure any part of the body. The OrbiTape difference is that it does this easily and with absolute precision.
2.) How do I measure my biceps?
You can do this with a single hand! First loop the tape around your arm. Now lock in the tab and press the STAR button to lock your tape in place. Simply let the tape contract and read your measurement. Too easy!
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OrbiTape uses Constant Tension Technology so there is a slight pressure pulling on the tape at all times. So when you take a measurement, you can't cheat to make your waist smaller and your biceps bigger – the tension guarantees accurate results.
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Waist, hips, thighs, calves, biceps, chest, ankles, wrists – the list is endless! Whatever part of the body you require a measurement of, the OrbiTape is ideal.
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The tape starts at 5cm (2 inches) to accommodate for the curvature in the top of the unit. The measurement of circumference around any body part must also account for the shape of the product – otherwise you would receive an inaccurate result. The tape reaches out to 152cm (60 inches, or 5 feet).
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You can, but you need special formulas to do so. In fact, the U.S. Department of Defence uses body tapes for body fat measurement. Sequoia has a product called the Tonus Body Mass Calculator, which incorporates the formulas using the OrbiTape.
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Below you can rate and | 661 |
Your roll-off dumpster in 33415 is only a phone call away. Don't delay!
One of the most important facts you need to consider on the subject of Dumpster Rental in 33415s is that size is very important. You'll find that dumpsters come in many different sizes and you'll need to choose the appropriate size for your requirements. While you need to ensure that it is large enough to hold the many trash you should have until pick up, you don't want to pay money for something that is simply too large for your requirements either. Evaluate the dimensions of your dumpster before choosing. Also, consider the variances between entrance load in addition to roll off containers if you have to choose the proper rental for your waste management demands.
Compulsive holding on to is seen as the inability or perhaps unwillingness to clear out trash through the home, whether or not the items currently being kept have zero value, are usually unsanitary, or perhaps actually hinder on the client's ability to conduct everyday jobs. Social friendships, professional ambitions, mobility throughout the house, and even daily necessities such as cleaning and cooking food can be made hard or impossible by the increased amounts of hoarded trash. Beating treatment plans requires healthcare intervention in addition to counseling, along with moral service from family members and other loved ones. Before those steps is usually fully came to the realization, however, you have to first make certain that living area showcased is completely cleaned<|fim_middle|> period? Extra fees. Typically, you will incur a daily rate charge from anywhere from $5 for you to $15 per day, as soon as the initial rental period of time.
So if you would like your rental dumpster delivered and also picked up on time period, do a bit of research to find a good quality company. You can also benefit from friendlier service, greater pricing and more flexibility to satisfy your calls for. While you're occupied working on your renovation project, do you actually want to create extra tension? Every so often even as look around our house and house we get the desire to do a thorough cleanup. The impulse usually happens when spring is with the air, however it can happen whenever when we know that the accumulation associated with unused and also worn out things have merely built up to always be too much.
Never trust your projects with just any business. Find a dependable Dumpster Rental in 33415 partner to be sure that all of your products are dumped in a timely manner. When you've got a strong working relationship with a Dumpster Rental in 33415 company, you can rest assured that your projects will be by the due date and debris free.
Right now comes in your question just how to choose a appropriate company along with affordable payment. If you want to opt for any of the organization for this program and are puzzled by which one to opt for then world wide web is the best guideline. On internet you could find many companies providing such providers. You can review quotes and earn your decision relaxing at home. World wide web can even make it easier to pay for the assistance online with your credit card or another options the company could provide you with.
Roll off dumpsters are usually large trash cans encapsulated with wheels at the bottom and therefore are usually chosen for trash disposal from the large projects like property renovation, structure projects industrial clean federal express and green yard clean ups. These types of roll offs are usually enclosed along with two door ways, a single at the back aspect to dump from the heavy a lot, one in the top to throw the tiny trash remaining at the career location. The particular wheels encapsulated with the spin off help easy running of the dumpster with to the truck. Roll off dumpsters come in different sizes which range from 10 yard to 50 yard.
Upon having all of your goods needed, you can obtain started while using construction that may be being completed on your residence. Make sure you get rented a new dumpster for all of your wants. Make it uncomplicated on oneself and choose a new dumpster that can be moved all-around. A dumpster along with wheels could make everyone's career super simple.
Some neighborhood authorities will be needing people to make application for a permit before they have virtually any rent a dumpster items placed on their house. Most of the time it will only implement if the dumpster will be to be designed into or nearby the street, nevertheless, you should always consult with the local creating permit business office regarding the demands in your particular instance, because failing to obtain a permit can lead to hefty charges.
In addition to being useful in a new volume sense, dumpsters can also be great for non-standard trash or junk removing. For sets from appliance discretion to furniture discretion, dumpsters can take everything. With most Dumpster Rental in 33415 corporations, as long as they fit in the dumpster, you are good to proceed. The major good thing about having a dumpster with this type of situation is that you don't need to worry about having the item or items in problem off of your possessions. There's no launching up a classic appliance, by way of example, taking it to the eliminate or recycling center and also unloading it. It merely requires to get the home appliance or furniture piece to your dumpster. The organization you rent your dumpster from will take care of it from there. In terms of eliminating large goods, using a dumpster is probably the simplest, the majority of cost-effective, and most successful options you have. | of all unneeded garbage, specifically any things that may be directly threatening private safety or perhaps posing an important risk on the property. In order to take this specific vital stage, hoarders may require the aid of a professional trash hauling small business.
The weather prediction may be with rain or perhaps snow and also you need to get your roof job done next few days. Thankfully you can get your current supplies speedily such as the tiles for the roofs and a dumpster the day after.
You need to know the sort of services some sort of dumpster company presents before renting some sort of dumpster. Many dumpster organizations perform roll-off-services, the good way of obtaining loads of work done without worrying about where the junk will go. A firm using roll-off products and services will take away the dumpsters in addition to replace all of them with new ones each time it will be important. In addition, many organisations use the huge dump vans to remove the waste collected within the dumpsters leaving empty dumpsters to be used. If you a business person and you have a lot of waste, you will definitely need to be in agreement which has a Dumpster Rental in 33415 company. In this way, you will end up preserving your business lots of money.
Your den is your getaway and you may complete a lot of work with there. Every so often you may wish you had room for the comfortable large leather sofa. If you decide to remodel your den, than this can be achieved so that you are happy with your den.
How long will you get to maintain dumpster? Most companies will help you to keep your dumpster intended for between 5-7 days and nights. If you're blessed, you might find a business that will let you keep your dumpster for up to 2 weeks. How are you affected if you want to keep it longer than your current agreed time | 372 |
Last year, the automaker also said that it intends to make the SUV a genuine rival to the Rolls-Royce Cullinan, which we understood to be a rival more in price and exclusivity than curb weight or sheer size - it's hard to picture Aston Martin design language stretched to the size of a Range Rover competitor.
Aston Martin has announced that it will debut the new Lagonda All-Terrain Concept at next month's Geneva Motor Show. While you're guessing, let us just spill that Aston Martin has brought back the name "Lagonda" with completely different intentions. The vehicle, of course, will also come with the carmaker's new fully-electric powertrain technologies.
Billed as a preview of the first model the revived Lagonda brand will put into production, the All-Terrain concept follows the Vision concept revealed at the same show in 2018 (and a sketch unveiled thereafter). Lagonda is a luxury brand, but it is also one<|fim_middle|> like that Vision Concept, this All-Terrain is a fully-electric luxury vehicle.
The SUV, which will rival the Rolls-Royce Cullinan, follows the reveal of the Lagonda Vision saloon concept shown at Geneva a year ago, when Lagonda was relaunched as the maker of high-tech luxury cars that feature all-electric power and arresting design making use of EV packaging advantages. | rooted in technology.
Expect lots of carbon fibre details and exquisite leatherwork. The SUV will be based on the same platform as the Lagonda luxury saloon that was revealed earlier. While the Roller uses a massive twin-turbo V12, the Lagonda will be entirely electric. What's more? The vehicle by Lagonda will not only be lovely but also environment-friendly and boast autonomous driving tech. Though the All-Terrain Concept is, indeed, just a concept vehicle for Geneva, it does preview the first model Lagonda will put into production, the automaker says.
Specifications of the All-Terrain Concept aren't known at this point. Because | 134 |
Brian Spagna Named VMware vExpert
Nina Lukina
March 14, 2018 < 1 min read
Kraft Kennedy is proud to announce that, in recognition of his thought leadership in virtual<|fim_middle|>iManage On-Prem Data Exfiltration Vulnerability
Security and Compliance Insights
VMware Security Advisory for Apache CVE-2021-44228 (Log4j) | ization, Brian Spagna had been named a VMware vExpert.
vExpert Brian Spagna
The honor highlights not only Brian's deep expertise in VMware technology, but also his influential role in shaping the industry conversation.
"I'm honored to be awarded VMware vExpert for the second year in a row," Brian said. "I look forward to passing along my knowledge to the VMware community in 2018. "
Brian is a Senior Consultant in Kraft Kennedy's Infrastructure and Enterprise Systems practice and is based in the firm's New York office. A trusted advisor to Kraft Kennedy's clients, he designs and maintains complex, cutting edge environments for legal and financial firms. Aside from virtualization, he also specializes in server infrastructure, storage, networking, and Microsoft technologies.
Brian has been generous in drawing on his expertise to help other VMware administrators. Highly active in the conversation on the VMware Technology Network Forum, he has been instrumental in providing technical advice and solutions to the community. It seems that there are few virtualization quandaries that Brian has not already considered and solved. He has also been blogging and Tweeting about virtualization, and has been awarded Internal Champion and VMTN Forum Champion badges by VMware.
Brian has achieved the following VMware certifications: VCAP6-DCV (Deploy), VCP6-DCV, VCP5-DCV. This is his second time attaining the prestigious title.
Enterprise Messaging and IT Infrastructure Insights
Global Exchange (on-prem) Outage
Enterprise Content Management Security and Compliance Insights
| 308 |
How LORIC is changing the way Lincolnshire businesses use data
Having only launched in September 2018, the Lincolnshire Open Research and Innovation Centre (LORIC) has already transformed the way several organisations across the county do business. From designing insight-led business strategies to using data and research to empower companies, in less than a year LORIC has guided multiple socially-conscious organisations across Lincolnshire to investment and innovation.
An example is Every-One, a charity that supports unpaid carers and the people they're responsible for. The social enterprise runs a range of projects to aid carers in maintaining their own wellbeing, along with the wellbeing of those in their care.
Every-One contacted LORIC for help with their Employment for Carers scheme, a project that encourages small-to-medium businesses to hire and support unpaid carers. Utilising open data, LORIC open research fellow Katya Bozukova created a calculator that shows companies why it's important to support unpaid carers in the workforce. By portraying the negative monetary impact undermining carers can have on an organisation, the calculator shows why hiring carers makes good business sense. The calculator is one-of-a-kind in the industry, but Every-One<|fim_middle|> further their cause.
LORIC provides a multitude of free support services to help organisations reap the benefits of open data. This includes connecting companies with researchers and data specialists to divulge insights, identify gaps in the market and help businesses to go digital. As well as sitting down with each business to develop a tailored plan, they also share their knowledge free of charge through events and seminars. In just nine months, LORIC has helped a range of Lincolnshire-based organisations to use data for the greater good.
To find out more about LORIC's services, or how they can use data to boost your business, visit their website https://www.bgu.ac.uk/loric/loric-home/ or email loric@bishopg.co.uk. | hopes their success with the tool will inspire similar organisations to adopt their own version.
Another business who has received support through LORIC is the Acts Trust, a charity whose goal is to end poverty in Lincoln. Founded by the city's Alive Church in 2006, their initiatives equip people with essential skills and know-how to resolve the issues that lead to poverty - such as offering mental health support or debt advice – while helping the community to flourish.
LORIC specialist advisor Kay Purle educated the charity on which datasets would be most beneficial to their projects, as well as how figures can showcase the impact their work has on the community. LORIC helped the Acts Trust to show that their efforts improve the lives of others, helping the charity to attract investors and | 155 |
Kansas Women's Basketball Meets The Media
The Kansas women's basketball team held its annual media day Wednesday afternoon in Allen Fieldhouse. Head coach Bonnie Henrickson and the Jayhawk players<|fim_middle|> is. You don't know what to do. The new facility is amazing. I wouldn't say that it is what made me come here, but it's a plus."
On how she hopes to contribute this season:
"I hope that I can get on the court and I hope that Bonnie will want me to stay on the court. I think everyone will bring something different to the table. Not one person can win a game. It takes the team as a whole."
Junior guard Marisha Brown
On joining the team this season:
"I'm really excited for my first year here. It's a great building program and they did great last year. I'm excited to be a part of the program. We've been doing well and working hard."
On her impression of team so far:
"Everything is going well. I didn't realize how dedicated each player and member of the coaching stuff is to making this program. I love being a part of it."
On how she can help the team:
"Individually I plan on bringing great defensive presence. I think that's one of my strong points—pressuring the ball and getting up the floor."
Senior Guard Sade Morris
On potential Big 12 title hopes:
"After last season, and our finish in the WNIT, we've all had a different mindset. We've been talking about it for four years now, about how we want to make it to the NCAA's. Every time after practice, we always say 'Big 12 Championship.' We believe it, that's what our eyes are set on, going for a Big 12 Championship. If we make that happen, we're going to be in the NCAA tournament for sure. There's no more 'I hope we do it.' This is the year for us.
On how the team is handling the spotlight after being ranked in the Top 25 by some publications:
"It feels great, were all just taking it in, but we know we have to put in work. That's pre-season, that means nothing – it's just what people think. Now we have to go prove it, prove that we're better than 22nd. We want to increase our ranking, so we just have to go out there and prove ourselves."
On which newcomers have impressed her the most:
"The newcomers we have are great, they've all been working hard, and they're going to make a big impact for us."
Junior Center Krysten Boogaard
On the off-season changes and improvements:
"One of the points of emphasis requires us to get stronger, be more physical. I need to get stronger in the post, I know that's been one of my weaknesses. I've been working for this all my life."
On being able to recognize her own strength:
"I can definitely tell my strength, especially at practices we've had. It feels good to not be pushed around as much."
On the senior leadership, the newcomers and the high expectations:
"Definitely, I can feel the expectations, we know they're really high. We have a great group of freshmen and newcomers, great senior leaders, obviously Danielle (McCray), Aishah (Sutherland), all the returning players – I feel like we're going to have a great year."
On competing for a Big 12 Championship, believing if it's a real expectation:
"Absolutely, we say that in practice every day – we're working towards that goal of ours, especially making it to the NCAA tournament. That's a big goal of ours."
Junior Guard Rhea Codio
On why she chose Kansas:
"I had a great relationship with the coaches, and I wanted to continue that journey (to KU)."
On how life is different, going from Brooklyn, to Independence CC, and coming to Lawrence:
"It's extremely different, going from the fast life, to the slow life. I had experience, coming from Independence; it's a small town, it's very slow, and Lawrence isn't that much of an adjustment. It's cool being somewhere that's faster than Independence."
Freshman Guard Angel Goodrich
On her road to where she is today and how she dealt with her injury:
"I had great support from the coaching staff, my teammates and my family, they all pulled for me. It was pretty tough for them. It was really great having their support."
The high expectations, and if she's ever experienced anything like it:
"They're pretty high, especially right now. We're in a pretty tough conference; the Big 12 is always tough. With everyone coming in, we're looking pretty good. If we just come in and work hard every day and get better, I think we can be good. Our expectations are high, we want to be better (than our expectations)."
On playing up to her expectations after the injury, and if it's nice to have a 1-2 punch with Danielle McCray:
"Danielle is great, she's a great basketball player I love playing with her and Sade (Morris). I think the whole team is coming together, it's great to have that."
Freshman Guard Monica Engelman
On adjusting to life in college after graduating high school in June:
"I had to get adjusted to college life pretty quickly – I was very nervous. I started school the next week (after she moved to Lawrence), it was a pretty quick transition."
On coming to a team that has a lot of senior leadership:
"Coming in as a freshman, it is very beneficial to me to be surrounded by a lot of upperclassmen. I think it is great for me – it has helped me grow and mature as a player." | discussed their expectations for the 2009-10 season.
Head coach Bonnie Henrickson
Opening statements:
"There are some days that it's [the start of the season] hard to believe it is already here and there are most days that we have been waiting for it to get here, although we have been at it here since school started. There is much anticipation from everyone involved in our program. The expectations and potential for us to have a special year really culminated in a nearly fantastic finish at the end of the last year. We had a commitment by all of our players, both the returners and 'newbies', as we call them since there are two junior college players in that mix of six newcomers. We had that entire group here both sessions of summer school. The commitment on their part to be here and train together and get the new kids involved has been great from a basketball standpoint, from a conditioning standpoint and also from a chemistry standpoint."
"Danielle (McCray) has been building momentum off of her fantastic summer and some of her preseason accolades. I know Danielle would tell you, as I would tell you, it [preseason attention] doesn't guarantee anything. It is just good publicity for the program right now. The more we can stay in a positive light in front the media and in front of our fans and just, on a slow-build to the start of the season, if that is all we get out of it, then that is all we need out of it. She understands that it doesn't guarantee her a great year or us a great year, but it is positive for recruiting and positive for our fans."
"We are eager to get started. The players saw the locker room this morning. They are excited about that. I think it speaks to the commitment here, from Lew Perkins and his commitment to the resources it takes to be successful at the highest level, with the academic support services and the expansion of that facility, the amenities for the students with the locker room and then to the fans and their fan-experience on game day with the concourses of Allen Fieldhouse. When you walk in there, you really feel first-class. Having walked that group through there this morning, and it's not even completed yet, you can tell there is a little bounce to that group and our players are excited, as they should be."
On expectations for the younger players on this year's roster:
"Well, obviously Angel (Goodrich) coming back and being healthy and playing with a lot of confidence and the perseverance that she has been through having been hurt and been through all the rehab and recovery, I think has made an obvious impact. It is the much awaited and anticipated impact of her on the program. I think for her, everyday there is more confidence, more attack mode and more aggressiveness."
"With the freshmen group, Monica Engleman has been impressive. She has made shots, she has a good pull-up jump shot and she is a good passer. She has real high basketball IQ, which is a credit to the quality coaching she had when she was young, but she has a real good demeanor. She will be a real good poker player if she ever decides to do that because she doesn't ever make a face, which for freshmen in that transition, is difficult, and especially when you consider who she is playing against, Sade Morris and Danielle McCray. She is playing on the wing with those two and against those two, and she has handled herself well."
"Annette Davis has really shown a high basketball IQ. She creates a different look at the power forward. She is not the shooter that Nicollette Smith is, and she is not the long, lanky, athletic hang-in-the-air kid that Aishah Sutherland is, but a powerful, explosive player who can score on the block, score from the free-throw line or put it on the floor and shoot it. So that is a little bit different than the package those other two bring to the table."
"Marisha Brown from Kansas City, has really shown–out of the gates–to be a tremendous rebounder and a fantastic on-ball defender. Offensively, she has been a pleasant surprise. She has hit some shots and has pretty good rhythm so far, so she has been impressive."
On the competition that comes with having a large (15 player) roster:
"The young kids have pushed the veteran group, but the returners have done a good job helping that group get through the summer and transition into what it takes to play and be successful at this level. Practices are competitive. There is great intensity and it is fun to say, 'ok, give me five out' but don't say who it is; just see who is going to step out. The confidence some of the young kids feel to step out and get in the first group and get on the floor right away and then the confidence in the upperclassmen to say, 'well hold on now, let me step in and get on first' has been really interesting. There is great camaraderie and great chemistry. I think we are ahead of where we would have been had they not all been here all summer. Typically, it is a one-session, one-semester group for the rookies, but as soon as they heard the upperclassmen were staying, they decided to get here and start training. But it is competitive, which is great. When you have kids with great motors in practice and great competition in practice, you are going to enhance your chance to improve at a much higher rate."
On the role of junior guard Rhea Codio:
"In her own right, Rhea is a great play-maker. She has great experience. She is a really competitive kid and has a good basketball IQ. She played for Tony Turner at Independence. Tony does a great job; he is from this area and has worked our camps for years and years and is a really good guy. Rhea's IQ is good, and she is not about to hand that job over to Angel. She has no thought of just, 'well I'm here to back Angel up'. She is thinking, 'I am here to play point at Kansas'. So, that is great competition at that position alone."
On Danielle McCray's ability to handle preseason attention:
"She has been great. She understands. This is something that she has dreamed about her whole life. Not awards, but playing at a high level and being successful and being a league player, so it is not like, mentally, she wasn't prepared. We are pretty good in our program about making sure we keep egos in check and we bust her chops most of the time anyway. I said to her, 'now Danielle let's just think for a moment about your freshman year' and she said 'I know, I couldn't guard you in your heels' and I said 'that's right Danielle!' So, she'll be the first one to tell you, I have come a long way but I have a lot to do to get better. What I like about Danielle is she will tell you right away that Sade Morris has made her a better player because she has to practice against her everyday. The great coaches in this league, the great competition in this league, the great players in this league have all made her better. Her experience this summer, having to play against Maya Moore and guarding Maya Moore made her a better player this summer and she recognizes that."
On expectations for senior guard Danielle McCray:
"I think for any of us to think that out of the gate she is going to average 31 points a night; no one expects that and she should not expect that. If you look at her down the stretch in her last six games, roughly 65% of her shots were pull-up jump shots because she has always been a kid who wants to play a little bit too fast and finish at the rim. Well, people are good enough and have watched enough film on her, that that is probably not going to happen at the rate at which she would like for that to happen. So, she has to make good decisions to stay out of foul trouble. The beautiful part of her game is she has a great pull-up jump shot and she is a great catch-and-shoot player. Sometimes she wants to do more than that, but she just has to keep it simple. I think she is starting to recognize that. I will be honest with you, in our full workouts, she has tried to make plays that just are not there. With our young kids, maybe they're not at weak-side help, but in our league people are going to sit over there and wait for her. So, she has to make good decisions and get other teammates involved. Especially early in the game, she needs to loosen herself up and not press and not try to do too much, which for a kid who can do a lot, if she can just calm down and let the game come to her, she will be fine."
On the role of senior guard Sade Morris:
"With Danielle and Sade buying into being Batman and Robin last year, I think that was good for those two mentally. What can get lost in the end of last year is how well Sade played. When Danielle may have struggled, Sade picked it up. Now, it would be really good for us if they would both play lights-out together, a lot. I don't know if they have consistently done that. There is no reason for that, it just has not happened as much, but I don't think Sade sits back and waits for Danielle to make plays anymore. She recognizes that she needs to step up and make a play."
On how to carry-over last season's end-of-the-year success into this season:
"We need to understand what it took and talk about where we were and what had to happen for us to be able to turn it around and make the best out of the situation and make the best out of that run in the NIT. We have had numerous conversations, individually and as a group, about how it was not easy. The young kids coming in cannot think that was easy and now we have totally turned it around and we won a bunch of games at the end. We have to recognize what a struggle that was and what we did individually and collectively to get that turn around. We have to learn from our success last year, but we can't loose site of how we struggled. We need to learn from that and avoid all of that; the inconsistency, the turnovers, all the things that kept us from having a better year than we did."
On positioning in the Big 12:
"In sitting in the gyms this summer with a number of people in the league and having casual conversations, I think, as much as any year that I have been here, that if we stay healthy, win games at home and sneak a few on the road, we have a chance to win the league. We should think that and there are a handful of other schools that should think that. There are a lot of conversations in coaches' offices and in locker rooms and in practice that we have a chance. Now, that is a long way off. I don't think there is a clear-cut, out-in-front team that is heads-and-tails ahead of everybody else. We have had that before in the league, but I just don't think we have that this year. There is a lot of depth and talent all over the league."
On benefits of having such talented seniors leading team in 2009-10:
"There is a tremendous opportunity here, as prepared as we are with kids who have experience, kids who have bought into the system, players who play with great pride for their program and for the university. Sade and Danielle are as dependable as they come as far as their commitment to getting it right every day. Absolutely, there is a window that we have to take advantage of and there is no reason we shouldn't with the experience we have returning and their understanding of the league, the game and what it takes to be successful."
On talk of post-season play:
"I think in our huddle, realistically, we should expect to be in a position to win a conference championship. We could finish sixth or maybe seventh and still go to the NCAA tournament, but no one wants to finish sixth or seventh. No one would be excited about finishing sixth. We understand there is a lot of work to be done before that comes to fruition, but no one is afraid to talk about a conference championship. These kids have put in the time. They have committed to what we have asked them to do and it has been a lot of hard work. So, no there is not hesitation to talk about that."
Senior guard/forward Danielle McCray
On how expectations have changed for her and the team:
"They have changed a lot. There are different expectations. We're focusing on the team and team success this year. I try not to focus on the expectations. I try to focus on how our team is bonding and trying to get the freshmen rolling. It really hasn't been a huge factor."
On being in the spotlight:
"This is something I always wanted to do—to be in that spotlight and have people look up to me. It's something that I can say has been a dream come true."
On how the program is changing:
"We were picked really high in [Lindy's] poll and I think it's something that we look forward to and have been looking forward to. Since my freshman year we have been working hard to change the program around and that is what's happening this year. Everything is going well right now."
Sophomore forward Aishah Southerland
On how she has been improving as a player:
"I have made some steps to improve. I've been working on my 17-foot shot. I've been working on off the dribble moves and rebounding. I want to rebound more this year. I want to have more of an outside game."
On going against junior Krysten Boogaard in practice:
"She's improved a lot and she's stronger. It's a good thing to go against in her practice."
On the team's goal for the season and how to achieve it:
"The team goal is a Big 12 Championship. We need to play well on the road and play as a team. We have to do better this year."
Junior forward Nicollette Smith
On the rise in expectations for the team this season:
"It's a big jump, but at the same if you look at who we have coming back and who we have coming in and you look at what every other Big 12 team has lost—if you compare the numbers they are in our favor."
On preparing for the season:
"This offseason has been one of the harder ones since I've been here. You'd think it'd be one of the easier ones since we made that big run last year, but as we start getting better and the target is more and more on our back we have to work harder. There is going to be more attention to detail and we have to limit our turnovers. I like that it's been hard because it's going to be worth it when we make the NCAA tournament."
Freshman forward Annette Davis
On her first few weeks with the team:
"Everything has been fun as far as getting to know the team and bonding with the coaches. Interacting with everyone on the court has been fun."
On who has helped her transition to the college game:
"There isn't one person that stands out. Everyone has been interacting with each other. Everybody is helping with the transition."
On the new women's basketball facility:
"Nothing can really describe how awesome the new facility | 3,213 |
OSA Publishing > Optics Express > Volume 23 > Issue 17 > Page 22108
James Leger, Editor-in-Chief
Highly stable atomic vector magnetometer based on free spin precession
S. Afach, G. Ban, G. Bison, K. Bodek, Z. Chowdhuri, Z. D. Grujić, L. Hayen, V. Hélaine, M. Kasprzak, K. Kirch, P. Knowles, H.-C. Koch, S. Komposch, A. Kozela, J. Krempel, B. Lauss, T. Lefort, Y. Lemière, A. Mtchedlishvili, O. Naviliat-Cuncic, F. M. Piegsa, P. N. Prashanth, G. Quéméner, M. Rawlik, D. Ries, S. Roccia, D. Rozpedzik, P. Schmidt-Wellenburg, N. Severjins, A. Weis, E. Wursten, G. Wyszynski, J. Zejma, and G. Zsigmond
S. Afach,1,2,3,12 G. Ban,4 G. Bison,1,13 K. Bodek,5 Z. Chowdhuri,1 Z. D. Grujić,6 L. Hayen,7 V. Hélaine,4 M. Kasprzak,6 K. Kirch,1,2 P. Knowles,6,8 H.-C. Koch,6,9 S. Komposch,1,2 A. Kozela,10 J. Krempel,2 B. Lauss,1 T. Lefort,4 Y. Lemière,4 A. Mtchedlishvili,1 O. Naviliat-Cuncic,4 F. M. Piegsa,2 P. N. Prashanth,1 G. Quéméner,4 M. Rawlik,5,2 D. Ries,1,2 S. Roccia,11 D. Rozpedzik,5 P. Schmidt-Wellenburg,1 N. Severjins,7 A. Weis,6 E. Wursten,7 G. Wyszynski,5 J. Zejma,5 and G. Zsigmond1
1Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
2ETH Zürich, Institute for Particle Physics, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
3Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
4Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, Caen, France
5M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
6University of Fribourg, Switzerland
7Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium
8Present address: LogrusData, Rilkeplatz 8, Vienna, Austria
9Institut für Physik, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany
10Henryk Niedwodniczański Institute for Nuclear Physics, Cracow, Poland
11Centre de Sciences Nuclèaires et de Sciences de la Matière, Orsay, France
12samer.afach@psi.ch
13 georg.bison@psi.ch
S Afach
G Ban
G Bison
K Bodek
Z Chowdhuri
Z Grujić
L Hayen
V Hélaine
M Kasprzak
K Kirch
P Knowles
H Koch
S Komposch
A Kozela
J Krempel
B Lauss
T Lefort
Y Lemière
A Mtchedlishvili
O Naviliat-Cuncic
F Piegsa
P Prashanth
G Quéméner
M Rawlik
D Ries
S Roccia
D Rozpedzik
P Schmidt-Wellenburg
N Severjins
A Weis
E Wursten
G Wyszynski
J Zejma
G Zsigmond
pp. 22108-22115
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.022108
S. Afach, G. Ban, G. Bison, K. Bodek, Z. Chowdhuri, Z. D. Grujić, L. Hayen, V. Hélaine, M. Kasprzak, K. Kirch, P. Knowles, H.-C. Koch, S. Komposch, A. Kozela, J. Krempel, B. Lauss, T. Lefort, Y. Lemière, A. Mtchedlishvili, O. Naviliat-Cuncic, F. M. Piegsa, P. N. Prashanth, G. Quéméner, M. Rawlik, D. Ries, S. Roccia, D. Rozpedzik, P. Schmidt-Wellenburg, N. Severjins, A. Weis, E. Wursten, G. Wyszynski, J. Zejma, and G. Zsigmond, "Highly stable atomic vector magnetometer based on free spin precession," Opt. Express 23, 22108-22115 (2015)
Spotlight Summary
Spotlight Summary by Anton K. Vershovskii
The most basic principle upon which quantum magnetometers rely is measuring the frequency of the Larmor precession – the precession of magnetic moment of the atom around a magnetic field. This frequency depends on the scalar magnetic field value, and thus quantum magnetometers are intrinsically scalar devices.
However, a magnetic field is a vector, and in order to know all of its properties one has to measure all three of its components. Therefore, it is not surprising that many attempts have been undertaken to give new vector features to existing scalar devices. The most common principle used for this is the law of vector summation, according to which the unknown vector may be calculated by adding to it a set of known vectors and measuring the modulus of the resultant field vectors. Unfortunately, devices that employ systems of additional artificial magnetic fields have a common disadvantage: the impossibility of absolute measurements, since the contribution of these additional fields is comparable to the measured field.
An alternative proposed in 1972 by Fairweather and Usher is based on the fact that the amplitude and phase of the Larmor signal detected by a pumping beam depend on the direction of the pumping beam wavevector relative to the magnetic field vector. In particular, the signal amplitude is zero if these vectors are strictly parallel, so a feedback maintaining parallelism of the magnetic field to the pumping beam is easily implemented. However, the feedback scheme of Fairweather and Usher also requires additional weak magnetic fields. In a scheme proposed forty years later by the author of this summary, no additional magnetic fields were used, and the direction of the pumping beam was adjusted instead. The authors of this Optics Express article take the concept further by using four pumping beams instead of one, thus replacing the real-time rotation of the wavevector of light by off-line analysis of the Larmor signal data carried by these four beams.
Another important step taken by the authors involves using free atomic spin precession instead of a forced one. This allows the disturbances caused by the resonant radiofrequency field to be excluded, at the cost of using short and relatively strong spin-manipulation radiofrequency pulses.
The vector device described in the paper is primarily intended for use in neutron electric dipole moment search experiments. Yet it has extensive capabilities: for example, in geomagnetic observatories it can replace both vector and precise scalar magnetometers. In all, the results reported by the authors suggest that this device may be closer to being a "perfect magnetometer" than any instrument created up to this point.
Article Reference
Opt. Express 23(17) 22108-22115 (2015) View: Abstract | HTML | PDF
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Sensitive and stable vector magnetometer for operation in zero and finite fields (OE)
Wide-range and self-locking atomic magnetometer based on free spin precession (JOSAB)
Multi-channel spin exchange relaxation free magnetometer towards two-dimensional vector magnetoencephalography (OE)
Instrumentation, Measurement, and Metrology
Saturation spectroscopy
Vector beams
Instrumentation, measurement, and metrology (120.0120)
Zeeman effect (260.7490)
Spectroscopy, atomic (300.6210)
Revised Manuscript: August 4, 2015
Manuscript Accepted: August 4, 2015
November 6, 2015 Spotlight on Optics
2. Experimental setup
3. Data analysis
5. Conclusion and discussion
We present a magnetometer based on optically pumped Cs atoms that measures the magnitude and direction of a 1 μT magnetic field. Multiple circularly polarized laser beams were used to probe the free spin precession of the Cs atoms. The design was optimized for long-time stability and achieves a scalar resolution better than 300 fT for integration times ranging from 80 ms to 1000 s. The best scalar resolution of less than 80 fT was reached with integration times of 1.6 to 6 s. We were able to measure the magnetic field direction with a resolution better than 10 μrad for integration times from 10 s up to 2000 s.
Magnetometers using optical pumping (OPM) of atomic media were pioneered in the early 1960s [1]. Since then, many OPM varieties [2] have been developed for diverse applications, e.g., mapping the geo-magnetic field or detection of the bio-magnetic field emanating from the human heart [3, 4] and brain [5, 6]. In fundamental science, OPMs monitor the magnetic field in precision magnetic resonance experiments searching for electric dipole moments (EDM) [7, 8] and Lorentz invariance tests [9, 10]. The neutron EDM (nEDM) search sets stringent constraints on theories proposing extensions beyond the standard model of particle physics. Experimental sensitivity to a nEDM depends directly on the control and measurement of the magnetic field in the experiment, a task of particular challenge since (currently) the field must be known over volumes on the order of 20 l for times of hundreds of seconds. Herein, we present an OPM combining long-term stability with high statistical sensitivity, and including vector information. The OPM is designed to serve in an array of such sensors to form an auxiliary magnetometer system monitoring the stability and uniformity of the magnetic field in a next generation nEDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institut. An array of scalar Cs OPMs has been used successfully to determine directional and gradient magnetic field information via fits to multi-sensor readings [11].
Various methods exist for extracting information about the magnetic field vector components, including the spin exchange relaxation free (SERF) magnetometers [5] operating at |B 0| = 0 and whose intrinsically sensitivity is to one vector component only. For operation in the offset fields used for neutron magnetic resonance, we focus on conventional OPMs that measure the magnetic field modulus by detecting the Larmor precession frequency, ω L = γ|B 0|, where γ is the gyromagnetic ratio of the probed atomic state. Information about vector components is gleaned by monitoring the OPM's response to an externally applied oscillating magnetic field using phase sensitive detection. In a recently published all-optical variant of that method [12], circularly polarized laser beams induce an effect equivalent to the perturbation field via the vector light shift [13]. Without external modulations, vector information can be inferred using multiple detection channels [14] when the first and second harmonics of the Larmor precession of an atomic alignment [15] are detected with linearly polarized light.
Our approach uses multiple circularly polarized laser beams to gain vector information and thus extends methods pioneered by Fairweather and Usher [16]. The absorption of circularly polarized light depends linearly on the projection of the atomic spin polarization on the light's k vector. The precessing atomic polarization modulates the transmitted light power at ωL if B 0 is not parallel to k. This can be used to maintain the condition B 0 ‖ k in a feedback loop either by changing the direction of B 0 [16] or of k [17]. In contrast to those vector magnetometer implementations, our system uses off-line data analysis enabling us to infer the magnetic field information from free spin precession (FSP) signals. The FSP method is particularly well suited for the application in nEDM experiments since it allows for very stable field measurements.
The experiment was performed inside the magnetic shield of the nEDM experiment at PSI [18], in which a stable 1 μT magnetic field was generated by a cosθ coil. The static magnetic field is parametrized as B 0 = B 0(sinθ cosϕ, sinθ sinϕ, cosθ), and was approximately aligned along the z axis, i.e., θ ≈ 0. Our magnetometer was created to measure the field modulus, B 0, and its direction, i.e., the polar angle, θ, and azimuthal angle ϕ. The magnetometer design is shown in Fig. 1(a). Light is generated by an extended cavity diode-laser coupled to a polarization-maintaining single-mode fiber splitter having three outputs. One output feeds a saturated absorption spectroscopy unit, used for active laser frequency stabilization to the F=4 → 3 cesium D 1 transition (894 nm). A second single-mode fiber guides light to the magnetometer head, where it is split into four beams which are coupled into short multi-mode fibers. At the sensor head, the light from each multi-mode fiber is collimated and circularly polarized by a linear polarizer and a quarter-wave plate, mounted in a compact optical module (om). The power of those beams can be adjusted by rotating an additional linear polarizer in the om. The beams traverse an evacuated 45 mm diameter glass-cell (ce) containing a saturated vapor of cesium atoms. The cell is paraffin coated [19] to reduce spin depolarization during atom-wall collisions. A combination of photodiodes (pd) and transimpedance amplifiers converts the transmitted light power of each beam to a signal Si, which is digitized with a high resolution sampling system. The combined noise of the photodiode, preamp, and sampling system is well below the shot-noise level for the typical light power of 1 μW per laser beam.
Fig. 1 a) Apparatus schematic: four laser light beams are polarized by the optical modules (om), traverse the Cs cell (ce, shown in section) and are converted into signals Si by the photodiodes (pd). b) Measurement cycle time structure, repeated every 40 ms: The longitudinal magnetization M l is created by optical pumping. Following a π/2 pulse, By, of duration αT 2, the resultant transverse magnetization M t gives rise to FSP signals (shown here projected onto the x axis). The parameters α, β measure the length of the π/2 pulse and the FSP signal, respectively, in units of T 2. In each signal analysis, the t = 0 time origin is reset to the FSP start.
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The magnetometer is operated in pulsed mode, and information is extracted from the FSP signals. Figure 1(b) shows the experimental cycle which repeats every 40 ms. The FSP is described using the magnetization M associated with the ensemble average of the atomic spin. The combined optical pumping by the four laser beams in combination with B 0 creates a magnetization M l longitudinal to B 0. A short magnetic π/2 pulse along the y direction turns M l to a direction transverse to B 0, creating M t. The pulse uses a single sinusoidal period in order to minimize deadtime (α in Fig. 1(b)). The magnetization component perpendicular to B 0 precesses at the Larmor frequency, ω L = γB 0, where γ = 3.4986211(4) kHz/μT is the gyromagnetic ratio of the F=4 cesium ground state. The light absorption by the cesium atoms depends linearly on the projection of M on the light's k-vector [20]. Consequently, the transmitted laser power, measured by a photodiode, is modulated at ω L. The transverse magnetization component decay (see M t in Fig. 1(b)), with its effective decay time T 2, is observed as a decreasing modulation amplitude of the recorded FSP photodiode signal. During the FSP, the longitudinal magnetization, M l, is recreated by optical pumping, such that the next π/2 pulse can start the next cycle. Both the data acquisition system recording the FSP signals and the function generator producing the π/2 pulses are synchronized to an atomic clock.
Using the classical Bloch equation, the recorded signal for each laser beam can be modeled as
(1)Si(t)=ci+e−tT2(bi+Ac,icosωt+As,isinωt).
Both frequency ω and effective decay time T 2 are common parameters for all simultaneously recorded FSP signals. The offsets, ci and bi, as well as the in-phase, A c,i, and quadrature, A s,i, components of the modulation amplitudes are different for each signal Si. The ci parameters represent the DC signal offsets and are proportional to the average light power of beam i. If the k-vector of beam i has a longitudinal component, the exponential build-up of M l contributes to the absorption it probes. Assuming that the longitudinal and transverse relaxation rates are equal allows this contribution to be parametrized by the offsets bi. The modulation amplitudes are used to determine the magnetic field direction. The B 0 field magnitude is determined using the estimation of frequency ω, interpreted as the Larmor frequency. The magnitude and the extracted field direction are used to reconstruct the vector magnetic field.
The parameters of Eq. (1) are extracted with a precision limited by the Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) [21, 22]. The lower limit of the frequency spectral density, ρf, calculated with the CRLB for signals with no DC components (ci = bi = 0) and sampled at a sufficiently high rate (≫ ωL/2π) is
(2)ρf≥2ρπAT2(α+β)eβsinhβcosh2β−2β2−1.
The length of the FSP signal, T, is parametrized in a dimensionless way by β = T/T 2 (Fig. 1(b)), whereas α measures the dead-time of the π/2 pulse. The spectral density ρ of the photodiode signals is ultimately limited by shot noise. The amplitude A is proportional to Mz, in the instance before it is flipped, it thus scales like A = A 0 (1 − e −β). Given this, Eq. (2) has a minimum at β ≈ 2.6. For technical reasons, the pulse repetition time of T = 40 ms was chosen to be slightly shorter than the optimum given that T 2 = 20.<|fim_middle|> V. Lobashev, "Search for the neutron electric dipole moment," Phys. Atom. Nucl. 59, 1152–1170 (1996).
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P. Knowles, G. Bison, N. Castagna, A. Hofer, A. Mtchedlishvili, A. Pazgalev, and A. Weis, "Laser-driven cs magnetometer arrays for magnetic field measurement and control," Nucl. Instrum. Meth A 611, 306–309 (2009).
M. Smiciklas, J. M. Brown, L. W. Cheuk, S. J. Smullin, and M. V. Romalis, "New test of local lorentz invariance using a 21Ne-Rb-K comagnetometer," Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 171604 (2011).
S. K. Peck, D. K. Kim, D. Stein, D. Orbaker, A. Foss, M. T. Hummon, and L. R. Hunter, "Limits on local Lorentz invariance in mercury and cesium," Phys. Rev. A 86, 012109 (2012).
S. Afach, C. Baker, G. Ban, G. Bison, K. Bodek, M. Burghoff, Z. Chowdhuri, M. Daum, M. Fertl, B. Franke, P. Geltenbort, K. Green, M. van der Grinten, Z. Grujic, P. Harris, W. Heil, V. Hélaine, R. Henneck, M. Horras, P. Iaydjiev, S. Ivanov, M. Kasprzak, Y. Kermadic, K. Kirch, A. Knecht, H.-C. Koch, J. Krempel, M. Kuzniak, B. Lauss, T. Lefort, Y. Lemière, A. Mtchedlishvili, O. Naviliat-Cuncic, J. Pendlebury, M. Perkowski, E. Pierre, F. Piegsa, G. Pignol, P. Prashanth, G. Quéméner, D. Rebreyend, D. Ries, S. Roccia, P. Schmidt-Wellenburg, A. Schnabel, N. Severijns, D. Shiers, K. Smith, J. Voigt, A. Weis, G. Wyszynski, J. Zejma, J. Zenner, and G. Zsigmond, "A measurement of the neutron to 199Hg magnetic moment ratio," Phys. Lett. B 739, 128–132 (2014).
B. Patton, E. Zhivun, D. C. Hovde, and D. Budker, "All-optical vector atomic magnetometer," Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 013001 (2014).
B. S. Mathur, H. Tang, and W. Happer, "Light shifts in the alkali atoms," Phys. Rev. 171, 11–19 (1968).
L. Lenci, A. Auyuanet, S. Barreiro, P. Valente, A. Lezama, and H. Failache, "Vectorial atomic magnetometer based on coherent transients of laser absorption in rb vapor," Phys. Rev. A 89, 043836 (2014).
A. Weis, G. Bison, and A. S. Pazgalev, "Theory of double resonance magnetometers based on atomic alignment," Phys. Rev. A 74, 033401 (2006).
A. J. Fairweather and M. J. Usher, "A vector rubidium magnetometer," J. Phys. E. Sci. Instrum. 5, 986 (1972).
A. Vershovskii, "Project of laser-pumped quantum mx magnetometer," Tech. Phys. Lett. 37, 140–143 (2011).
C. Baker, G. Ban, K. Bodek, M. Burghoff, Z. Chowdhuri, M. Daum, M. Fertl, B. Franke, P. Geltenbort, K. Green, M. van der Grinten, E. Gutsmiedl, P. Harris, R. Henneck, P. Iaydjiev, S. Ivanov, N. Khomutov, M. Kasprzak, K. Kirch, S. Kistryn, S. Knappe-Gruneberg, A. Knecht, P. Knowles, A. Kozela, B. Lauss, T. Lefort, Y. Lemiere, O. Naviliat-Cuncic, J. Pendlebury, E. Pierre, F. Piegsa, G. Pignol, G. Quemener, S. Roccia, P. Schmidt-Wellenburg, D. Shiers, K. Smith, A. Schnabel, L. Trahms, A. Weis, J. Zejma, J. Zenner, and G. Zsigmond, "The search for the neutron electric dipole moment at the paul scherrer institute," Phys. Proc. 17, 159–167 (2011).
N. Castagna, G. Bison, G. Di Domenico, A. Hofer, P. Knowles, C. Macchione, H. Saudan, and A. Weis, "A large sample study of spin relaxation and magnetometric sensitivity of paraffin-coated cs vapor cells," Appl. Phys. B 96, 763–772 (2009).
H. G. Dehmelt, "Modulation of a light beam by precessing absorbing atoms," Phys. Rev. 105, 1924–1925 (1957).
D. Rife and R. Boorstyn, "Single tone parameter estimation from discrete-time observations," IEEE T. Inform. Theory 20, 591–598 (1974).
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Afach, S.
Altarev, I.
Audoin, C.
Auyuanet, A.
Baeßler, S.
Baker, C.
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Barreiro, S.
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Bison, G.
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Bodek, K.
Boorstyn, R.
Borisov, Y.
Borovikova, N.
Brown, J. M.
Budker, D.
Burghoff, M.
Castagna, N.
Chen, S. F.
Cheuk, L. W.
Chowdhuri, Z.
Daum, M.
Dehmelt, H. G.
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Egorov, A.
Failache, H.
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Fertl, M.
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Franke, B.
Gaspar, J.
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Green, K.
Groeger, S.
Grujic, Z.
Gutsmiedl, E.
Happer, W.
Heil, W.
Hélaine, V.
Henneck, R.
Hepp, M.
Hofer, A.
Hoffman, D.
Horras, M.
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Hunter, L. R.
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Karpuk, S.
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Kitching, J.
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Koch, H.-C.
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Fig. 1 a) Apparatus schematic: four laser light beams are polarized by the optical modules (om), traverse the Cs cell (ce, shown in section) and are converted into signals Si by the photodiodes (pd). b) Measurement cycle time structure, repeated every 40 ms: The longitudinal magnetization M l is created by optical pumping. Following a π/2 pulse, By , of duration αT 2, the resultant transverse magnetization M t gives rise to FSP signals (shown here projected onto the x axis). The parameters α, β measure the length of the π/2 pulse and the FSP signal, respectively, in units of T 2. In each signal analysis, the t = 0 time origin is reset to the FSP start.
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Fig. 2 The Larmor precession is described by M c and M s, c.f. Eq. (3), which together define a plane perpendicular to B 0 (here depicted as a circle. The longitudinal magnetization M l changes only slowly due to relaxation and optical pumping. Signal Si (t) represents the transmitted power of the laser beam k i .
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(1) S i ( t ) = c i + e − t T 2 ( b i + A c , i cos ω t + A s , i sin ω t ) .
(2) ρ f ≥ 2 ρ π A T 2 ( α + β ) e β sinh β cosh 2 β − 2 β 2 − 1 .
(3) M t ( t ) = M c cos ω L t + M s sin ω L t .
(4) B 0 ∝ M c × M s .
(5) ( M x M y M z ) = P ⋅ ( M 1 M 2 M 3 M 4 ) , P = 1 2 ( − 1 1 0 0 0 0 − 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 ) . | 4(2) ms. Estimates indicate a ∼ 10% performance gain at T ≈ 2.6 T 2.
Reconstructing the B 0 vector components is made by monitoring the M component precessing at ωL. By definition, the precession happens in a plane perpendicular to B 0, thus the cross product of two vectors in that plane yields a vector parallel to B 0. The method's statistical sensitivity is maximized when the phase difference of the two vectors is π/2. This is achieved by parametrizing the precessing part of M by its in-phase and quadrature components as
(3)Mt(t)=MccosωLt+MssinωLt.
If the two vectors are known, the B 0 direction follows as
(4)B0∝Mc×Ms.
Measuring M c and M s is straightforward in a three-beam magnetometer with orientations along the Cartesian coordinates axes (Fig. 2). In such a configuration, the cos and sin modulation components seen by each beam (Eq. (1)) correspond directly to M c and M s.
Fig. 2 The Larmor precession is described by M c and M s, c.f. Eq. (3), which together define a plane perpendicular to B 0 (here depicted as a circle. The longitudinal magnetization M l changes only slowly due to relaxation and optical pumping. Signal Si(t) represents the transmitted power of the laser beam k i.
The experimental vector magnetometer reported herein uses four laser beams (Fig. 1(a)). In this configuration, each beam has a k component along z, thus contributing to optical pumping provided B 0 is approximately oriented along z, which is our case. Each beam probes the projection, Mi = k̂i · M, of the magnetization M onto its k-vector. The 3D vector M is reconstructed from the four projections, using the projection matrix P
(5)(MxMyMz)=P⋅(M1M2M3M4), P=12(−110000−1112121212).
This reconstruction is advantageous since Mx and My are derived by subtracting two projections, reducing common mode noise. Since Mx and My are the important components for determining the Larmor frequency, the chosen beam configuration facilitates its high resolution extraction. All parts of the signal Si(t) (Eq. (1)) that depend linearly on M are transformed from the four projections into a 3D representation using the matrix P. In the low light-power limit, the in-phase and quadrature modulation amplitudes of Si(t) are proportional to the DC signal, ci, detected by photodiode i. Amplitudes A c,i and A s,i are normalized using ci, to compensate for slight differences in light power and possible differences in photodiode preamplification factors. Finally, P converts the normalized amplitudes extracted from signals Si(t) to 3D vectors that determine the direction of B 0 using Eq. (4). Using numerical simulations [23], we verified that the resulting angles θ and ϕ are determined with maximum statistical efficiency. The magnetic field direction and magnitude can be extracted from the data of only three laser beams. Given the geometry of the beams in the experiment this is, however, not possible at maximum statistical efficiency. Correlations in the signals Si(t) due to the over determined measurement with four laser beams can be used to verify the normalization factors of the amplitudes [23].
The projection matrix P depends on the actual orientation of the laser beams. Deviations from the assumed orientations lead to systematic errors in the extracted magnetic field orientation θ and ϕ. Those errors depend in a complex way on the orientation of the magnetic field and the direction in which the beam is tilted. If one laser beam is tilted by an angle Δα in a direction that causes the largest errors, it contributes an error of Δθ = 1/4Δα to the extracted magnetic field orientation. Tilting all four laser beams in this way is equivalent to tilting the whole sensor by Δα which naturally causes an estimation error of Δθ = Δα. Tilting all beams in random directions causes a combined error of Δθ = 1/2Δα. The mechanical construction of the experiment can currently not guarantee an alignment better than Δα = 0.004 rad.
Two estimation methods to extract the parameters of Eq. (1) from the digitized signals were studied: Least-squares fitting, and demodulation. The least-squares method fits the Eq. (1) model to the experimental data gained from all beams simultaneously.
The demodulation method uses two-phase lock-in detection with cos and sin reference signals at a frequency ω r close to ω L. This mixes the ω L modulation down to a frequency close to DC, while noise and other modulations are suppressed by the low-pass filter [24]. The in-phase and quadrature lock-in signals are converted to phase φ(tj) ≡ φj and amplitude A(tj) ≡ Aj for each FSP signal. The initial modulation amplitude, A(t = 0), is extracted by a least-squares fit of A(0) exp −t/T 2 to the time series Aj of one FSP. The model φ(t) = φ(0) + ωt is fitted (with weighting factors 1/Aj2) to the phase signal after correcting for discrete 2π steps. The frequency difference between ω r and ω L is found using the slope ω.
The in-phase and quadrature modulation amplitudes are found via A c,i = A cosφ(0), and A s,i = −A sinφ(0). For both methods, the least-squares fits are made simultaneously for the four FSP signals using one common frequency, ω, and decay time, T 2.
The nEDM experiment requires magnetic field measurements that are stable over hundreds of seconds at the sub-pT level. The cesium vector magnetometer statistical errors, as described by the CRLB, are by far sufficient to reach that goal. However, systematic errors arising from drifting parameters limit the long-term stability that this magnetometer can achieve. To characterize the long-term stability, we measured during 11 hours under best-case conditions of field stability. Figure 3 shows the Allan standard deviation (ASD) [26] of vector and scalar field measurements as a function of integration time τ. Using the estimated FSP parameters and a noise density extracted from the measured data's Fourier spectrum, Eq. (2) yields a CRLB of 81 fT/Hz for the field magnitude. For τ < 1 s, the ASD plots show the expected improvement proportional to τ −1/2. The least-squares fitting possesses a higher statistical efficiency, which is visible as a 12% smaller ASD. This difference disappears for τ > 1 s where the ASD is no longer limited by statistical processes. For the longer integration times, the ASD is limited by magnetic field drifts and magnetometer instabilities, thus, the ASD represents the limit for the magnetometer stability. The magnitude can be measured with an uncertainty smaller than 300 fT for integration times ranging from 80 ms to 1000 s. A best sensitivity of 75.2 fT is achieved at τ = 4 s, which corresponds to a relative sensitivity of 7.6 × 10−8.
Fig. 3 ASD of the magnetic field magnitude (a, b), the field's z-component (c, d), and the B direction θ (e, f) measured with the vector cesium magnetometer. The results obtained by least-squares fitting (curves a, c, and e) generally show better ASD values at short integration times, while the demodulation method (curves b, d, f) provides better results over longer integration times. Curves c and e are affected by systematic errors for integration times larger than 4 s. The error bars were calculated according to [25].
Curves c and d in Fig. 3 show the ASD for the field's z component (longitudinal) measurement. This shows that the values extracted using the demodulation method are more stable than those from least-squares fitting for long integration times. This happens because the least-squares fitting does not model the second harmonic of the Larmor modulation, 2ω L, while the demodulation method is insensitive to it due to the low-pass filter. The integration times for which the z component can be measured with an uncertainty smaller than 300 fT range up to 1000 s, but start at 2 s, due to the larger statistical errors. This increase in statistical uncertainty is due to using amplitudes which cannot be estimated as precisely as the Larmor frequency.
Figure 3 e and f show the ASD of θ, characterizing the direction B 0, as derived from the estimated vector components. The ASD of θ, estimated using least-squares fitting, scales statistically for τ < 1 s and complies very well with the CRLB calculated using error propagation from the estimated amplitudes. Using demodulation, the resolution of θ reaches 6.4 μrad for τ = 10 s, and does not change significantly until τ = 2000 s. The ASD of ϕ behaves similarly, but with larger uncertainties since the measurement was made near the degenerate case of θ =0.
The presented magnetometer achieves high sensitivity both in magnitude and field direction. Upper limits on processes that limit the stability of the magnetometer readings are derived from the ASD plots and show high sensitivity is maintained even at integration times of 1000 s. This value is probably limited by drifts of the B 0 field components in the present nEDM experiment. Further studies will try to distinguish between instabilities intrinsic to the magnetometer and external field drifts by using several magnetometer modules.
In contrast to other recently published vector magnetometers [12] the presented approach does not degrade the scalar resolution when extracting vector information. Consequently, it achieves an order of magnitude better scalar resolution while being able to resolve the B 0 direction with δθ < 10μrad for integration times ranging beyond 2000 s. This makes the presented approach an ideal choice for applications that use long integration times. For our future nEDM apparatus it is planned to use an array of vector Cs magnetometers in order to monitor the B 0 field and its gradients. Scaling to multiple sensors is aided by the low needs on laser power and the efficient data processing possible in the demodulation mode.
The magnetometer presented here requires calibration in order to provide absolute field direction information. However, the accuracy of its absolute field magnitude information may be limited—as discussed by Grujic et al in [27]—at the several 10 pT level since k⃗⊥̸ B⃗ 0. The demonstrated stability at long integration times is a necessary step for the future development of such calibration procedures. With the stability proven, the detailed studies of device construction systematics (e.g., perturbations to the values in P (Eq. (5)) and device alignment to an external coordinate system will permit calibration of the device, thus moving it from being a field stability measurement system to a true field measurement system.
A remaining disadvantage of this approach is the non-'magnetically silent' π/2 spin manipulation pulse, which can perturb the environment under study. A straightforward way to overcome this is the use of Bell-Bloom pumping, currently under development within our collaboration [27]. A combination of these two methods is being pursued to provide a sensitive and magnetically silent vector magnetometer for our future nEDM search.
The authors are grateful for financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft in the context of the projects BI 1424/2-1 and /3-1 as well as from the Swiss National Science Foundation, projects 144473, 149211, and 157079. The Polish collaborators acknowledge the National Science Centre, Poland, for the grant No. UMO-2012/04/M/ST2/00556 and the support by the Foundation for Polish Science–MPD program, co-financed by the European Union within the European Regional Development Fund. The LPC Caen and the LPSC acknowledge the support of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) under reference ANR-09BLAN-0046. E. W. acknowledges support as a Ph.D. Fellow of the Research Foundation Flanders. This work is part of the Ph.D. thesis of S. A. [23].
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4. R. Wyllie, M. Kauer, R. Wakai, and T. Walker, "Optical magnetometer array for fetal magnetocardiography," Opt. Lett. 37, 2247–2249 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
5. H. Xia, A. Ben-Amar Baranga, D. Hoffman, and M. V. Romalis, "Magnetoencephalography with an atomic magnetometer," Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 211104 (2006). [CrossRef]
6. T. H. Sander, J. Preusser, R. Mhaskar, J. Kitching, L. Trahms, and S. Knappe, "Magnetoencephalography with a chip-scale atomic magnetometer," Biomed. Opt. Express 3, 981–990 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
7. I. Altarev, Y. Borisov, N. Borovikova, A. Egorov, S. Ivanov, E. Kolomensky, M. Lasakov, V. Nazarenko, A. Pirozhkov, A. Serebrov, Y. Sobolev, E. Shulgina, and | 3,148 |
HepaLife liver stem cell line launched onboard Space Shuttle
A liver stem cell line developed by HepaLife Technologies, Inc. was launched on board Space Shuttle Endeavour on its recent 15-day mission in November. The Shuttle safely returned to earth on 30 November.
HepaLife's proprietary 'PICM-19' liver stem cell line was part of a scientific experiment to investigate the differentiation and function of stem cells in space. The research is being performed under the International Space Station National Laboratory initiative.
"We are honored that America's space program has selected HepaLife's liver cells to be part of this important space mission. This event is testimony to the outstanding liver-like functionality of these cells and supports our long-held conviction that our patented PICM-19 cell line is a one-of-a-kind cellular model," stated Mr. Frank Menzler, President, CEO and Chairman of HepaLife Technologies, Inc.
In addition to serving as a model for stem cell differentiation and function, HepaLife's PICM cell line is particularly suitable for assessing the effects of space flight and microgravity and on the ability of the human liver to regenerate, a normal but crucial attribute of the liver.
HepaLife's PICM-19 cell line is the only stem cell known to successfully differentiate into either bile duct cells or hepatocytes, the two cell types that make up 98% of the liver's tissues and perform the vital functions of the liver.
As such, the PICM-19 cells are an ideal in-vitro liver model for either hepatocyte differentiation and function, or bile duct differentiation and function — the primary role of the cells in experiments aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour.
Endeavour was commanded by veteran space flier Commander Chris Ferguson, pictured in the centre. Other crew members, pictured from left to right, are Mission Specialists Sandra Magnus, Steve Bowen and Donald Pettit, Pilot Eric Boe, Mission Specialists Shane Kimbrough and Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper. Image: NASA
The launch of HepaLife's patented PICM-19 cells aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour marks the Company's first-ever participation in space flight microgravity<|fim_middle|>, tested in America's largest-ever human clinical trial for bioartificial liver assist devices. HepaLife significantly enhanced its cell-line supported bioartificial technology, bolstered the Company's intellectual property portfolio, and substantially cut its time-to-market for a commercial bioartificial liver device. | experiments. To-date, HepaLife has acquired and developed its cell-based technologies as part of the Company's efforts to develop the first-of-its-kind bioartificial liver device intended for the treatment of liver failure.
Recently, HepaLife announced completion of its acquisition of a novel liver support technology with important fast-track and orphan drug designations by the United States Food and Drug Administration | 77 |
"A Convenient Time"
by Greg Laurie on Feb 17, 2018
Now as he reasoned about righteousness, self-control, and the judgment to come, Felix was afraid and<|fim_middle|> | answered, "Go away for now; when I have a convenient time I will call for you."
A fable is told of three apprentice devils that were coming to Earth to finish their apprenticeship. They were talking to Satan, the king of the devils, about their plans to tempt and ruin humanity.
The first said, "I will tell them there's no God."
The Devil said, "No, that is not going to work. People know there is a God."
The second one said, "I will tell them there's no Hell."
"No," the Devil said, "Most people, deep down in their hearts, know there is a Hell and a judgment to come."
The third said, "I will tell them there's no hurry."
"Go," said Satan, "and you will ruin them by the thousands."
That is how procrastination works. It doesn't say, "I'm not going to do it." That is too final, too absolute. Rather, procrastination says, "I'll get around to it later."
In Acts 24 we find the story of a master procrastinator, a Roman leader named Felix. He had the opportunity to hear one of the greatest preachers who ever lived, the apostle Paul. But Felix didn't believe the message Paul proclaimed.
It almost appears that this was Felix's moment of decision when everything came together. The conviction of the Spirit was there. The recognition of his need for God was there. He probably intellectually acknowledged the truth of the gospel. But he said to Paul, "Go away for now; when I have a convenient time I will call for you" (Acts 24:25 NKJV).
Repetition dulls truth's potency. The more we hear something, the more immune we can become to it. And when people do this with the gospel, they can become hardened to the very truth that might have softened them. In the end, they become judged by the very message that might have set them free. | 409 |
In Japan, people of all ages read manga. The medium includes works in a broad range of genres: action, adventure, business and commerce, comedy, detective, drama, historical, horror, mystery, romance, science<|fim_middle|>
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static1.comicvine.com | fiction and fantasy, erotica, sports and games, and suspense, among others. Many manga are translated into other languages. Since the 1950s, manga has steadily become a major part of the Japanese publishing industry. By 1995, the manga market in Japan was valued at ¥586. 4 billion ($6–7 billion), with annual sales of 1. 9 billion manga books and manga magazines in Japan (equivalent to 15 issues per person). Manga have also gained a significant worldwide audience. In 2008, in the U. S. and Canada, the manga market was valued at $175 million. Manga represent 38% of the French comics market, which is equivalent to approximately ten times that of the United States. In France, the manga market was valued at about €460 million ($569 million) in 2005. In Europe and the Middle East, the market was valued at $250 million in 2012.
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Skier Peter Ormandy warms up and gets ready to host any newbies.
Jan. 21, 2019 12:30 a.m.
The temperature in the valley was a cool -3 degrees, damp and foggy. The drive up the hill took only a bit more than five minutes to the Candle Creek trails to see a stunningly beautiful afternoon.
The temperature oddly enough was at least three degrees warmer at the Candle Creek Trails. Such a strange thing when usually the higher you travel the cooler it gets. That generalization of the temperature range doesn't normally need to take into account the difference between fog and sunshine. The bright contrast of the sunshine made a breathtaking backdrop against the blindingly bright snow and there were sunglasses needed.
The ages ranged from four years-old to approximately 70 years and older<|fim_middle|> who showed.
There were hosts available for those beginners who needed help with their trails and equipment. There were no fees taken for the activities either. The crowd brought appetizers and drinks to share during the gathering at the hut afterwards and the atmosphere was warm and inviting.
What a great way to meet new ski and snowshoe buddies and celebrate our wonderful facilities. Thank you to the Wells Gray Outdoors Club for a great afternoon! | for the skiers and snowshoers. It was a friendly and fun-filled event for everyone involved. The tracks for the skiers were beautifully groomed and the snowshoe trails were well packed to make the going not too difficult even for some of the beginners | 54 |
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A thrilling debut for one of the most original British bands of the '90s. A romantic and elegant chamber pop masterpiece that mixes indie rock forms, the maverick pop songcraft of a Lee Hazlewood and/or Van Dyke Parks, and the dark charm and hip romanticism of Ian Curtis, Scott Walker, and Leonard Cohen. While in the UK it was named album of the year (1993) by Melody Maker, in the USA Rolling Stone wrote: "the 1st TINDERSTICKS album draws inspiration from the playful narrative style of producer Lee Hazlewood, the Cinemascope orchestrations of John Barry and the twilight-zone claustrophobia of Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds."
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Home/Car Reviews/BMW/M8
2020 BMW M8 Competition Performance Review
Chris Atkinson takes the flagship BMW M8 Competition coupe around Queensland Raceway to see what it's made of.
Performance Editor
Fantastic engine with smooth, effortless power and torque
Very precise, direct front end
Great seating position for<|fim_middle|> in a race category, from V8 supercars to Formula 1.
Usually the best cars have the least impact from the curbs. Both BMWs have done this really well and I have no complaints. For me just a little bit more forgiveness with slightly more chassis movement would have helped me attack the corner entry, and also would have aided traction.
The steering felt a little light and missing some of the detail and feedback I would have liked, but it was nice and precise. Overall? No major issue.
The Michelin Pilot Sport 4S tyres are good, but there is a lot of energy being transferred through them and it really was noticeable on a hot day. It's a big car with huge amounts of power and torque, and as a result the tyres didn't feel connected to the track, which then compounds into even greater pressure rise.
I think you would be amazed how much faster this car would be on a more race-oriented tyre.
Driver Aids (Electronics)
As I've already discussed, with the car in Track mode but and the stability control still on it was really taking over what I was doing, for both corner exit and entry.
The control is excellent if staying safe is the plan, but if outright performance is the goal it doesn't really enhance the outcome. With the settings switched off I was able to achieve a much quicker time, but it was a challenge and not without risk.
Cockpit (Ergonomics)
Seating position was really nice and low, I could get the seat angled back and in a really good position. There was also a lot of support and the seats would suit a wide range of people. It does this without sacrificing comfort, which is great.
I thought the steering wheel was a bit too thick and didn't give me the feeling I was looking for on a track.
Although it's really comfortable for a long trip, I prefer something slightly thinner so I have more control over it. I did like the nice touch of the different texture on the back of the gearshift paddles, this makes it a little bit easier to sense them and stops your fingers from slipping.
Visibility was good on the track, but on the road the a-pillars were a bit intrusive and blocked some of my vision through the corners.
I really liked the M1 and M2 buttons on the steering wheel, which you could pre-program and use to easily select the mode that you want on the track. A simple way to transition into hot laps and back again.
Lap Time
I think it will come as a shock to you that the M8 was a bit off the pace of what we expected. 57.36 seconds is a bit of an underachievement for a car of this calibre, and it was hard work to even get that time.
This car definitely was designed as a grand tourer. Even though the track and ambient temperatures were a bit against it, the M8 Competition just misses the mark on the track.
Atko's 3
Really take care on corner entry, time just disappears when you over commit
Use the RWD balance from the xDrive along with that great engine to focus on the corner exit
Be careful when switching off stability control, you need to be sharp
A$357,900 MRLP | both comfort and support
Stability control very intrusive on the track
Oversteer chassis balance dominates the lap
Needs to shed some weight to be more track-focused
Chris Atkinson takes the flagship BMW M8 Competition coupe around Queensland Raceway to see what it's made of.
Overall Track Performance
The M8 Competition was definitely a challenge on the track! There are some great parts to this car, and you can see a lot of thought and really clever engineering has gone into it.
The challenge is translating that into track performance when there are a few clear obstacles. This car is a beast, in both good and bad ways, and I had my hands full trying to tame it.
Overall Road Performance
On the road the M8 Competition sounds fantastic, and the torque and power just drags you forward so easily. It's a big vehicle more suited to high-speed flowing roads rather than quick changes of direction.
Sitting in the car you feel really connected and part of the vehicle. The M8 Competition is at home as a grand touring machine.
The engine is really solid, as we experienced in the M550i xDrive. This version takes power up a notch to 460kW, but keeps the torque the same at 750Nm. It does everything really well: it's smooth, drivable, and responsive.
The sound is really epic as well, no complaints there. I do feel BMW could have upped the torque, though. I wonder what's holding it back in this regard, as I'm sure this engine is capable of more.
The straight-line difference between the M8 and the M550i wasn't huge, but this was also in part due to the much warmer day on which we tested. That will have had some effect on the engine performance, too.
Overall it's really hard to fault this engine and it's easy to see why BMW has used it across such a wide range of vehicles. It sounds great, performs well, and is user friendly.
The brakes are excellent and really consistent, which is exactly what you want on the track. I really liked the thought being put in with the ability to have a firmer pedal feel when you are in Sport mode.
To be honest, the difference isn't massive and probably doesn't have much of an impact on performance. It would be hard to take the brake pedal feel all the way to the level of a race car, but it shows BMW really is thinking of all the details in the M8 Competition.
I have to say it was very difficult for this car on the track. I can see why BMW did certain things, but in a way the M8 isn't really a complete package, and everything wasn't working in harmony.
There are a few things here that start to overlap and rather than complimenting each other, they actually fight each other.
The chassis is very pointy, the car really reacts to steering inputs – which is great. This is due to the geometry, alignment, suspension, and also the firmness of the racing-specification rose joints. So it ticked that box.
But I felt like the only way the rear would stay in line was with the help of stability control. I found the system way too conservative for how I wanted to drive, but in a way it had to be. Otherwise, you could quite easily watch the rear of the car pass you by when you arrive at the middle of the corner.
The problems get bigger, because the reactive front end wasn't balanced with a progressive rear. Instead, it was unbalanced by a very nervous and firm rear, which couldn't control the mass once it was moving.
In one way I complement BMW for taking this approach. Dialling cars towards understeer has long been a habit of manufacturers, to stop people entering the trees backwards when it goes wrong. But in my experience… I prefer going backwards into the trees.
Back to the issue at hand. This setup gives the car a very nice and precise front end, which is great on the road and up to 80 per cent, but it made the safety systems intervene the minute I started to push the limits.
After taking a few deep breaths and turning all systems off, I hit the track again. Straight away I had my fair share of moments, and I'm very glad I've been a rally driver for the past 20 years. With the M550i xDrive I was actually able to deal with these slides and get a great time out of the car. With the M8 it was harder put it together.
It's almost like a qualifying setup in a race car, and everything needs to be right to do the best lap time.
This setup can be inconsistent and hard on the tyres, causing the tyre pressures to rise quickly, which is something we noticed with this car.
Overall it's not a bad chassis, and certain things make sense. If you're smooth and controlled into the corner it's stable, but it's a fine line and the M8 Competition wasn't in its element on our test track.
Transmission and Differentials
The gear shifts are really nice and sharp, but also very smooth, which is important for acceleration. I liked how, when I accidentally double clicked the gear lever, it only did shifted once and didn't affect the lap time.
The gear ratios worked well and there was no issue. I didn't feel like I was ever in the wrong gear, and always had plenty of power and torque at my disposal.
I felt like the xDrive all-wheel drive system was really good from mid-corner to the exit. By that I mean the traction was really good but it also had enough freedom to adjust the line and really place the car where I wanted. It felt a bit biased to rear-wheel drive out of the corners, which was nice and enabled me to get a great exit onto the straights.
Unfortunately, as mentioned earlier, there was a tendency for the car to lose rear grip very easily on corner entry.
With the traction and stability control on I couldn't carry any entry speed, because it would immediately start controlling the car and stop it rotating. But with those systems switched off, it became a bit of a handful.
I felt like one solution would be a stronger differential on braking, which would control the wheel and stabilise the car more on corner entry without having to rely on the safety systems to do this.
Actual damper support was really nice and, as with the M550i, absorption of kerbs without unsettling the car was excellent.
It's really nice when the unloaded inside wheel can be used on the kerbs, and you'll quite often see this as the difference between different cars | 1,367 |
In traffic on the bridge with Parker Posey, the sun had come out.
Ed Winstead
I have no idea what Parker Posey is really like, although I kind of do. In customs, and on the sidewalk outside of the airport, and in a van, and in a car, and, at a very particular sort of party, maybe, sure. But my thoughts have required adjusting, and then adjusting again, and again. I met Parker Posey in Istanbul, in June. In the intervening time people have kept asking me about her. And I say, well, she's more or less like what you would imagine. But, on the other hand, shit, how could I possibly know that?
It was the day after my flight over, and I was wedged in the back of a black Lexus. Jason Rail, a hair and makeup guy, Parker Posey in the middle, and me. We were gliding down the Otoyol 1 towards the Bosphorus Bridge, aka the First Bridge, aka the 15 July Martyrs Bridge, and beyond it the European side of the city, on our way back from a panel Parker had done with the Turkish actress Serra Yilmaz for the Istanbul International Arts and Culture Festival. We made small talk for a bit. I asked her what it was like, people coming up to take pictures of her all the time, and she said she didn't mind. Jason, who was Parker's +1 for the festival, made a joke about who would play Parker in a movie adaptation of the book she's been working on, a memoir-slash-recipe compendium-slash-life manual from the sound of it (on shelves this October).
We talked about how she does needlepoint on set, how this is a meditative thing for her. She was jealous of Mary-Louise Parker, who can count her stitches. She has an idea for a food truck. It's in the book. Also a good recipe for Rice Krispies Treats. We eased to a stop; traffic. What was she reading? Meghan Daum, The Unspeakable. She chewed gum—she moved around a lot. I kept my elbows tight against my sides. And then we reached the bridge.
It was a month later, at my desk in an office in Manhattan, when I first saw that there was something going on in Turkey. A revolt of some kind, or a coup. I recognized the bridge on my laptop screen, the memory of the place still fresh. There were tanks plopped across it like lost, geometric shrubberies bounced from a wild truck's bed—alien and conspicuous and familiar. The troops fired on the crowds. A dead man lay on the concrete, Turkish flag draped across his body. The crowds came back later and beat the troops. Somebody hacked off one of the soldiers' heads. He lay on his back, his fatigue jacket ripped open. There was blood on the road. The white t-shirt he wore under it was absolutely spotless.
I felt myself grab reflexively at that image, jerk my arm out as if to save it from falling off a counter. Not literally. This was the impulse to make that tragedy my own. A bastardized, encephalitic empathy response; a sense of ownership wholly unearned. I was, I think, trying to backfill some meaning for myself. See, I'd tried to make arrangements to extend my stay so that I could visit the refugee camps, and speak with some of the people there. But I'd been invited on short notice, couldn't get ahold of anyone who could help me while I was there and couldn't afford to hang around longer. So I went, and I attended the Istanbul International Arts and Culture Festival, and it was all very lovely. There are nearly 400,000 Syrian refugees in Istanbul alone, but I could see no particular evidence of them.
In traffic on the bridge with Parker Posey, the sun had come out. I was wishing, if anything, that the traffic would get worse. I was having a good time. We crept over the Bosphorus toward Europe. I asked how Parker had come to do the audio book of Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique. "The producer, when they were thinking of actresses to read, said that I was one of the only ones who hadn't done Maxim." It took twice as long as she'd expected to record the book, which meant nearly two weeks. She said it was depressing, that particular idea of feminism and what it had become once released into the culture. It had been human, it had been equality. This polarity that happened, instead of openness… she trailed off.
Parker's work has always struck me as being particularly, notably empathetic. Very identifiably herself (with a few jarring exceptions, like Blade: Trinity—I got a Hollywood gig that year, she said), she is nonetheless entirely who she's intended to be. Doesn't become a character so much as they become her. There's a real desire, she told me, to connect through story. Which reminds me: when I asked her, on the topic of her book, what she liked to cook herself, she answered by way of something her mother used to make. She would grease up a plate, grate cheddar cheese on it, and stick that in the microwave for three or so minutes. What came out was a melted disc, not gooey but crisp. It was, she said, "like a giant Eucharist." What a simile. What a story. Transubstantiation and all that.
We bounced around from one place to another in chartered vans or chauffeured cars, from fancy hotels to fancy dinners, champagne and candle light and a terrace or two, radiant under the moon. But you could have walked from the lux hotel where the festival participants stayed to the crumbling bricks of Tarlabasi, where migrants to the city have scratched out an existence for decades, in fifteen minutes.
And then I left. I distinctly remember the airport sign—block letters around the edge of a concrete awning, glowing blue. It's unbelievably ugly, and as anachronistic a thing in that city as you can find. A busload of Chinese tourists just beat me pulling up. They piled through the sliding doors, a single unit, and I waited for them all instead of wedging myself in. I noticed that the plastic bins at the x-ray line for your carry-on and your jacket were wider, taller, a slightly softer type of plastic than the ones I was accustomed to. It's funny how these little things, things you'd never notice you weren't noticing back at home, are so key to the foreignness of a place.
A couple of weeks later, three guys with explosive vests and automatic rifles came through there and killed 45 people. I kept looking at the pictures, first at the blood and the glass and then past them; I kept trying to see where exactly those images were of, if I recognized the spot, the door. Was it the same door where I'd waited behind those tourists for my turn to go through the x-ray, watching them pantomime back and forth with the guard, unsure if their belts were supposed to come off? A shameful, solipsistic enterprise; I put a lot of time into it.
Parker told me that she didn't understand how things could be so reckless at the moment. Your life goes by like that, she said. She said this emphatically, with the airy voice that everyone uses when speaking seriously in a car. Don't you want to love? Be safe? Be stable? she asked. But then our time, like every other, is one of moral failure.
That night there was a party in the wood-paneled basement of the lux hotel; there was a decently famous DJ and everyone danced. It was very dark except for the occasional flash of a camera. People spilled out onto the patio, and they were all smoking and talking and drinking and dressed very well. Occasionally I saw Parker through the crowd. She was dancing. She would smile, and then be gone again. I badly wanted her to like me, and badly wanted her not to know that I badly wanted her to like me. I kept my distance. I resolved, anyway, to refer to her as Parker. Dress for the job that you want.
Meanwhile, the President of Turkey, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, purges his country of dissent—journalists, academics, judges, whomever. He forges a dictatorship for himself. Meanwhile, Aleppo lies in ruins. Meanwhile, more gunmen—New Year's Eve, another attack, at a club under the shadow of that very same bridge.
I admire Parker Posey. She is a genius of empathy. What she is really like, I think, is whatever you need her to be. The genius of it: the being takes place entirely on your end, not on hers. You and I, we have our separate needs. That's fine and makes no difference. I needed to be convinced again that stories can matter in a way directly opposite and proportional to the horrors we keep inventing for ourselves. Mind you, that's not what she convinced me<|fim_middle|> Hagberg Fisher | of; she's not a shaman. She convinced me, instead, that she shared in that desire. And the better part of empathy is company, you know. The conviction that we are not alone.
Written by Ed Winstead Published on March 13, 2017 Images courtesy Wikipedia Commons user Caiuscamargarus; Sky News; Universal Studios
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Gathering in Akhalkalaki Ruba Katrib
rachel harrison essay (untitled) (no, literally untitled; that's not the title) Eva | 119 |
In the Nesin Mathematics Village recently, I was joined at breakfast one morning by a journalist called Jérémie Berlioux. He knew Clément Girardot, the journalist whom I had met in the<|fim_middle|>6. This was before the coup attempt of July 15, but after the terror attack at Atatürk Airport on June 28. I wrote about this attack the next day in "Life in Wartime" on this blog. Then I headed off to Şirince to join a "research group." My wife and colleague came along, though not to be part of the group; afterwards we headed up the coast for a beach holiday. We were at the beach when the coup attempt happened, as I wrote in my next blog article, "War Continues." I contrasted politics with mathematics, which was an inherently nonviolent struggle. This was the kind of struggle engaged in by the research group in the Math Village.
This began as an update to "Confessions," which concerns the man called G. H. Hardy and the woman called Sylvia Plath. I had originally included a photograph of the subjects' respective books. On Hardy's, the author poses reluctantly; on Plath's, a woman applies powder in a compact mirror.
This is about G. H. Hardy and Sylvia Plath: Hardy quâ author of A Mathematician's Apology (1940); Plath, The Bell Jar (1963). | Village in the summer of 201 | 9 |
What Is Gelatin Good For? Benefits, Uses and More
Written by Alexandra Rowles, RD on June 4, 2017
Gelatin is a protein product derived from collagen.
It has important health benefits due to its unique combination of amino acids.
Gelatin has been shown to play a role in joint health and brain function, and may improve the appearance of skin and hair.
What Is Gelatin?
Gelatin is a product made by cooking collagen. It is made almost entirely of protein, and its unique amino acid profile gives it many health benefits (1, 2, 3).
Collagen is the most plentiful protein found in humans and animals. It is found almost everywhere in the body, but is most abundant in the skin, bones, tendons and ligaments (4).
It provides strength and structure for tissues. For example, collagen increases the flexibility of the skin and the strength of the tendons. However, it is difficult to eat collagen because it is generally found in unpalatable parts of animals (5).
Luckily, collagen can be extracted from these parts by boiling them in water. People often do this when they're making soup stock to add flavor and nutrients.
The gelatin extracted during this process is flavorless and colorless. It dissolves in warm water, and takes on a jelly-like texture when it cools.
This has made it useful as a gelling agent in food production, in products such as Jell-O and gummy candy. It can also be consumed as bone broth or as a supplement (6).
Sometimes, gelatin is processed further to produce a substance called collagen hydrolysate, which contains the same amino acids as gelatin and has the same health benefits.
However, it dissolves in cool water and doesn't form a jelly. This means it may be more palatable as a supplement to some people.
Both gelatin and collagen hydrolysate are available as supplements in powder or granule form. Gelatin can also be purchased in sheet form.
Nevertheless, it is not suitable for vegans because it is made from animal parts.
Summary: Gelatin is made by cooking collagen. It is almost entirely protein and has many health benefits. It can be used in food production, eaten as bone broth or taken as a supplement.
It's Made Up Almost Entirely of Protein
Gelatin is 98–99% protein.
However, it's an incomplete protein because it doesn't contain all the essential amino acids. Specifically, it does not contain the essential amino acid tryptophan (7).
Yet this is not an issue, because you are unlikely to eat gelatin as your sole source of protein. It's also easy to get tryptophan from other protein-rich foods.
Here are the most abundant amino acids in gelatin from mammals (8):
Glycine: 27%
Proline: 16%
Valine: 14%
Hydroxyproline: 14%
Glutamic acid: 11%
The exact amino acid composition varies depending on the type of animal tissue used and the method of preparation.
Interestingly, gelatin is the richest food source of the amino acid glycine, which is particularly important for your health.
Studies have shown that, although your body can make it, you won't usually make enough to cover your needs. This means it's important to eat enough in your diet (1).
The nutrient content of the remaining 1–2% varies, but consists of water and small amounts of vitamins and minerals like sodium, calcium, phosphorus and folate (9).
Yet, generally speaking, gelatin is not a rich source of vitamins and minerals. Rather, its health benefits are a result of its unique amino acid profile.
Summary: Gelatin is made of 98–99% protein. The remaining 1–2% is water and small amounts of vitamins and minerals. Gelatin is the richest food source of the amino acid glycine.
Gelatin May Improve Joint and Bone Health
A lot of research has investigated the effectiveness of gelatin as a treatment for joint and bone problems, such as osteoarthritis.
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. It happens when the cushioning cartilage between the joints breaks down, leading to pain and stiffness.
In one study, 80 people with osteoarthritis were given either a gelatin supplement or a placebo for 70 days. Those who took the gelatin reported a significant reduction in pain and joint stiffness (10).
In another study, 97 athletes were given either a gelatin supplement or placebo for 24 weeks. Those who took gelatin experienced a significant reduction in joint pain, both at rest and during activity, compared to those given the placebo (11).
A review of studies found that gelatin was superior to a placebo for treating pain. However, the review concluded that there was insufficient evidence to recommend that people use it to treat osteoarthritis (12).
The only side effects reported with gelatin supplements are an unpleasant taste, and feelings of fullness. At the same time, there is some evidence for their positive effects on joint and bone problems (13, 14).
For these reasons, it may be worth giving gelatin supplements a try if you're experiencing these issues.
Summary: There is some evidence for the use of gelatin for joint and bone problems. Because the side effects are minimal, it is certainly worth considering as a supplement.
Gelatin May Improve the Appearance of Skin and Hair
Studies carried out on gelatin supplements show positive results for improving the appearance of skin and hair.
One study had women eat about 10 grams of pork or fish collagen (remember that collagen is the main component of gelatin).
The women experienced a 28% increase in skin moisture after eight weeks of taking pork collagen, and a 12% increase in moisture after taking fish collagen (15).
In the second part of the same study, 106 women were asked to eat 10 grams of fish collagen or a placebo daily for 84 days.
The study found that the collagen density of participants' skin increased significantly in the group given fish collagen, compared to the placebo group (15).
Research shows that taking gelatin can also improve hair thickness and growth.
One study gave either a gelatin supplement or a placebo for 50 weeks to 24 people with alopecia, a type of hair loss.
Hair numbers increased by 29% in the group given gelatin compared to just over 10% in the placebo group. Hair mass also increased by 40% with the gelatin supplement, compared to a decrease of 10% in the placebo group (16).
Another study reported similar findings. Participants were given 14 grams of gelatin per day, then experienced an average increase in individual hair thickness of about 11% (17).
Summary: Evidence shows that gelatin can increase moisture and collagen density of the skin. It may also increase the thickness of hair.
It May Improve Brain Function and Mental Health
Gelatin is very rich in glycine, which has been linked to brain function.
One study found that taking glycine significantly improved memory and certain aspects of attention (2).
Taking glycine has also been linked to an improvement in some mental health disorders, such as schizophrenia.
Although it is not entirely clear what causes schizophrenia, researchers believe amino acid imbalances may play a role.
Glycine is one of the amino acids that has been studied in people with schizophrenia, and glycine supplements have been shown to reduce some symptoms (18).
It has also been found to reduce the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) (19).
Summary: Glycine, an amino acid in gelatin, can improve memory and attention. It has also been found to reduce the symptoms of some mental health conditions, such as schizophrenia and OCD.
Gelatin May Help You Lose Weight
Gelatin is practically fat- and carb-free, depending on how it's made, so it's quite low in calories.
Studies show it may even help you lose weight.
In one study, 22 people were each given 20 grams of gelatin. As a result, they experienced a rise in the hormones known to reduce appetite, and reported that the gelatin helped them feel full (20).
Many studies have found that a high-protein diet can help you to feel fuller. However, the type of protein you eat appears to play an important role (21, 22).
One study gave 23 healthy people either gelatin or casein, a protein found in milk, as the only protein in their diet for 36 hours. The researchers found that gelatin reduced hunger 44% more than casein (23<|fim_middle|> to improve the integrity of the gut wall and help prevent "leaky gut" (3).
A "leaky gut" is when the gut wall becomes too permeable, allowing bacteria and other potentially harmful substances to pass from the gut into the bloodstream, a process that shouldn't happen normally (28).
This is thought to contribute to common gut conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
It Could Reduce Liver Damage
Many studies have investigated glycine's protective effect on the liver.
Glycine, which is the most abundant amino acid in gelatin, has been shown to help rats with alcohol-related liver damage. In one study, animals given glycine had a reduction in liver damage (29).
Furthermore, a study on rabbits with liver injuries found that giving glycine increased liver function and blood flow (30).
It May Slow Cancer Growth
Early studies on animals and human cells indicate that gelatin may slow the growth of certain cancers.
In a study on human cancer cells in test tubes, gelatin from pig skin reduced growth in cells from stomach cancer, colon cancer and leukemia (31).
Another study found that gelatin from pig skin prolonged the life of mice with cancerous tumors (32).
Moreover, a study in living mice found that tumor size was 50–75% less in animals that had been fed a high-glycine diet (33).
That being said, this needs to be researched a lot more before any recommendations can be made.
Summary: Preliminary research suggests that the amino acids in gelatin may help improve sleep quality, lower blood sugar levels and protect your gut.
How to Make Your Own Gelatin
You can buy gelatin in most stores, or prepare it at home from animal parts.
You can use parts from any animal, but popular sources are beef, pork, lamb, chicken and fish.
If you want to try making it yourself, here's how:
3–4 pounds (around 1.5 kg) of animal bones and connective tissue
Enough water to just cover the bones
1 tablespoon (18 grams) of salt (optional)
Put the bones in a pot or slow cooker. If you're using salt, add it now.
Pour in enough water to just cover the contents.
Bring to a boil and then reduce heat to a simmer.
Simmer on a low heat for up to 48 hours. The longer it cooks, the more gelatin you'll extract.
Strain the liquid, and then allow it to cool and solidify.
Scrape off any fat from the surface and discard it.
This is very similar to how bone broth is made, which is also a fantastic source of gelatin.
The gelatin will keep for a week in the fridge, or a year in the freezer. Use it stirred into gravies and sauces, or add it to desserts.
If you don't have time to make your own, then it can also be bought in sheet, granule or powder form. Pre-prepared gelatin can be stirred into hot food or liquids, such as stews, broths or gravies.
It is also possible to fortify cold foods or drinks with it, including smoothies and yogurts. You may prefer to use collagen hydrolysate for this, since it has the same health benefits as gelatin without the jelly-like texture.
Summary: Gelatin can be homemade or bought pre-prepared. It can be stirred into gravies, sauces or smoothies.
Gelatin is rich in protein, and has a unique amino acid profile that gives it many potential health benefits.
There is evidence that gelatin may reduce joint and bone pain, increase brain function and help reduce the signs of skin aging.
Because gelatin is colorless and flavorless, it's super easy to include in your diet.
You can make gelatin at home by following a simple recipe, or you can buy it pre-prepared to add to your everyday food and drinks.
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Summary: Gelatin may help with weight loss. It is low in calories and has been shown to help reduce appetite and increase feelings of fullness.
Other Benefits of Gelatin
Research shows there may be other health benefits associated with eating gelatin.
It May Help You Sleep
The amino acid glycine, which is abundant in gelatin, has been shown in several studies to help improve sleep.
In two high-quality studies, participants took 3 grams of glycine before bed. They had significantly improved sleep quality, had an easier time falling asleep and were less tired the following day (24, 25).
Around 1–2 tablespoons (7–14 grams) of gelatin would provide 3 grams of glycine (9).
It Could Help With Type 2 Diabetes
The ability of gelatin to assist with weight loss could be beneficial for those with type 2 diabetes, where obesity is one of the major risk factors.
On top of this, research has found that taking gelatin may also help people with type 2 diabetes control their blood sugar.
In one study, 74 people with type 2 diabetes were given either 5 grams of glycine or a placebo every day for three months.
The group given glycine had significantly lower HbA1C readings after three months, as well as reduced inflammation. HbA1C is a measure of a person's average blood sugar levels over time, so lower readings mean better blood sugar control (26).
It May Improve Gut Health
Gelatin may also play a role in gut health.
In studies on rats, gelatin was shown to help protect the gut wall from damage, although how it does this isn't fully understood (27).
One of the amino acids in gelatin, called glutamic acid, is converted to glutamine in the body. Glutamine has been shown | 383 |
I heard tiny living buses only cost $20,000.
There can be truth to that if you do all the work yourself and use minimal materials. But when you pay someone else things start to add up. The technologies needed to live sustainably and comfortably are expensive and so is the installation.
I heard diesel engines can get 1 million miles.
Sure, the large semi trucks get those kinds of miles, but medium-duty diesels get about 250,000 before you're running on borrowed time. In fact, we've never seen a school bus with even 500,000 miles on the original engine. When the time comes for your engine rebuild, those with the wet sleeve design can be in-framed and will save you thousands in labor and machine shop costs. Please see our Drivetrain page for more info.
I heard insurance is difficult to obtain.
It is. That's because insurance companies don't know how to assess risk<|fim_middle|>. The set up of a school bus is vulnerable to volatile temperatures. If you seriously plan on living in a school bus you must insulate correctly. There's no way around it. It takes a holistic approach, considering all factors, to make a bus 4-season liveable and this is one of our specialties. From solar-powered A/C to diesel-powered boilers, we can keep you comfortable in a bus that feels a home year round. | to skoolies. It's a new demographic and needs to be understood before Progressive and Geico will take your policy. Independent brokers may insure you, but may ask for photos and proof of the quality of the conversion before issuing a policy. This is when having a professionally converted bus can alleviate the insurance headaches and give piece of mind to the underwriters.
Do buses get hot and cold?
Absolutely | 80 |
Strength, awareness and good nerves are the three key ingredients for bouldering, the term used for rock climbing a few metres above the ground without a rope. Tirol has plenty of indoor and outdoor options for boulder enthusiasts.
Rope, helmet and harness can all stay at home. All you need for bouldering is a pair of climbing shoes, a chalkbag and a crash mat. This version of rock climbing carried out a few metres above the ground but without a rope has become more and more popular in recent years. However, it is no less physically demanding than conventional rock climbing. The aim is to scale rocks (known as "boulders" or "problems") up to a maximum of 4 or 5 metres above the ground with nothing but brain power and muscle power. Crash mats are laid out on the ground below to prevent injury in the case of a fall.
Many mountaineers and sport climbers use bouldering as indoor training when the weather outdoors is bad. Coaches are on hand<|fim_middle|> all abilities, including families.
Situated at the foot of the Ballunspitze mountain, the Silvapark Galtür has an incredible 175 boulder routes divided into eight sectors, including a separate area for children. The biggest challenge is "Anam Cara" rated 8c.
Opened in summer 2017, the Mandlers Boden boulder park in the Pitztal Valley has 55 rocks with around 176 boulder problems to solve. The rocks are connected by a path. Difficulties range from easy to extra difficult. | in the region's many rock climbing and boulder centres to give tips on the right technique. However, there is nothing quite like bouldering outdoors in nature. The Climbers' Paradise Tirol platform, a collective of the best climbing regions in Tirol, has a comprehensive list of the best places for bouldering. Right at the top of the list are the Pitztal Valley and the Paznauntal Valley. Both have many boulder areas catering for climbers of | 97 |
Australian Test paceman<|fim_middle|>, staying fit and everything like that.
"Obviously I'm close mates with them and we'd like to see them out there but also, hopefully their punishments can be something moving forward."
In a wide-ranging interview with Adam Gilchrist which aired on Fox Cricket on Wednesday night, coach Justin Langer described ball tampering as an "international problem".
Langer added he was hopeful the sandpaper saga would be the trigger for behavioural standards to improve across the globe.
That point wasn't lost on 33-year-old Siddle.
"Like JL (Australia coach Justin Langer) spoke about last night that hopefully it does clean up the game and make it for the good of the game," Siddle added.
"As a team and as players we've moved forward and want to just let the cricket do the speaking rather than worry about what's going on in the outside.
"A lot's come out and there will probably be a little bit more to come out in the next little bit of time but for us it's just about playing cricket." | Peter Siddle says ball-tampering trio Steve Smith, David Warner and Cameron Bancroft should serve out their respective bans.
Smith and Warner were both suspended for 12 months by Cricket Australia in March for their role in the Cape Town sandpaper-gate saga, while Bancroft was ousted for nine months.
Following the release of findings from an internal review emanating from the scandal, the Australian Cricketers' Assocation declared the bans for the three players should be lifted with immediate effect.
The review determined that the failures of Cricket Australia as an organisation contributed to the players' decision to use sandpaper on the ball, which was the basis for ACA's position that the suspensions should be abandoned.
But somewhat surprisingly, Siddle didn't share ACA's view.
"You always want to see them playing cricket but I think … the punishments are there for a reason," Siddle told the media on Thursday.
"They understood the reasons why they got those punishments so I think … it comes down to them, obviously, serving them out, copping the penalty that they got.
"And it's very close to them being back. They've still been playing cricket around the world | 237 |
It's a great idea to take the digital fabrication equipment to the people, rather than the people having to travel to the equipment. As experience and the type of equipment available have changed, the Mobile Fab Labs themselves have gone through a number of iterations. The following is a brief timeline of a few of the mobile units in which ShopBot has been a part.
The original Mobile Fab Lab (2007) was designed so that the visitors would come inside to use the smaller digital fabrication equipment. A laser cutter, vinyl cutter, and minimill–as well as an electronics lab–are all accessed through the single side door.
There is a 4′ x 8′ ShopBot with a 4HP spindle fitted in the back of the trailer, with access when the tailgate is open. Nadia Peake's video of the equipment in the original MIT Fab Lab (MFL) can be found here.
The Fab Lab trailer is a 2007 Pace American Shadow GT Daytona dual axle (model SCX8528TA3). It is 32′ long, 8′ wide, and 7<|fim_middle|> setup, with 2′ of travel in the X (along the rails) and 4′ of travel in the Y (across the gantry). The 4′ power stick (plus out feed rollers) allows for a 4′ x 4′ sheet of material to be machined when desired.
MC2STEM High School Mobile FabLab parked next to van pulling ShopBot Cricket mobile (MIT campus, Feb. '11). A large pickup truck is required to pull the MFL.
Laser cutter and other equipment outside the MC2STEM MFL. ShopBot Buddy was used in another display, so the Handibot stood in as the CNC router.
ShopBot Buddy in action, with Thinker Linker sets cut with the Buddy in the background.
Like the MC2STEM MFL, the Chevron Mobile FabLabs (2015) are intended to be used with the equipment inside the trailer, or rolled out when needed for a school or display. All the smaller equipment is on carts that were machined on a ShopBot (as is the cabinetry in all of the MFLs).
Carnegie Science Center Mobile FabLab onsite. Notice two doors to facilitate traffic flow through the MFL.
A generator can power the MFLs, including the ShopBot, when they are on location. The ShopBot Buddy is set up with a 1HP spindle that can be plugged into a standard 110 outlet (the same spindle is available for 220V international power).
A prototype of the carts in the Chevron MFL (designed by Nick DiGiorgio, fabricated at Lorain County Community College, Ohio).
Looking towards the front of the lab.
Looking towards the rear of the lab. The ShopBot Buddy is locked into traveling mode.
Each of these MFLs has a dedicated large pickup for towing.
A note about power: it is best to avoid plugging the ShopBot with 1HP spindle into an outlet that has a GFI (Ground Fault Interrupt).
The Tulsa FabLab (2015) sets all of their equipment on sturdily built metal carts that also include storage for the materials used by the machine. The carts can be rolled into a school or demo site.
Tulsa Mobile FabLab getting its "skin".
It is important to consider the width of the doorways when building a cart or ordering a machine. While the Desktop has two options of enclosures, they can be wider than the standard U.S. doorway.
The ShopBot Desktop with 1HP spindle weighs about 115 lbs. It is an excellent solution for many applications because its 24″ x 18″ cutting area allows one to machine projects in wood, aluminum and plastics. It also has the specs to machine circuit boards. The 1HP spindle is quiet, and can be plugged into a standard 110 outlet (220 version of spindle available).
Another Desktop option is the Max, with a cutting area of 24″ x 36″ (approximately 610mm x 914mm).
When Cricket Trailers purchased a ShopBot to fabricate their tag-along caping units, ShopBot decided it needed one to create a mobile display unit.
Originally (2012), the inside was modified from a camping unit to a two-layer bed that could hold two ShopBot Desktops. One Desktop faced inside so it could be accessed by people inside the Cricket when the roof was popped open. The second could be pulled out on to a rolling table set to the height of the back platform. A tent provides protection from the weather.
Experience showed that the inside was too small for more than one or two people. The platform was modified in 2015 to one layer, and a single Desktop rides just above the wheels for transit. The rolling table still works well. When more than one CNC machine is necessary a Handibot is added to the Cricket.
As mentioned above, it is best not to plug into a circuit with a GFI (ground fault interrupt) switch when using the Desktop with a spindle.
Desktop set up with double Z to mill and drill through circuit boards (Maker Faire New York, 2014).
ShopBot Cricket with roof popped up at a street festival. The Desktop is pulled out of the back of the trailer on to a rolling table that is the height of the back platform.
Desktop on rolling table set up under a tent.
Cricket being pulled by a 2003 Chrysler van (MIT Fab11).
The Handibot is a job-site tool, and can be transported easily on a cart or in its travel box to a job or a classroom. When packed in its shipping box or in the right suitcase, it weighs in under 50 lbs., which means it can be flown as regular baggage on just about any airline.
While small in size, the Handibot is large in capabilities. Precise enough to mill circuit boards, it easily machines wood, non-ferrous metals (such as aluminum), plastics, and machinable wax. One can also index the Handibot to machine areas larger than its 6″ x 8″ (150mm x 200mm) work area. | ′ high. The tailgate opens to add a 6′ deck at the back of the trailer. The main entrance is a door on the passenger side towards the front. A 6.5′ tall custom steel box covers most of the tongue. The lab requires a space approximately 60′ long by 16′ wide for operation as a lab. The power requirements are 240V single phase with minimum 40A service. To run all the equipment in the lab at once (including AC and overhead lights) is about 20kW; to run only the 120V equipment is about 8kW.
The MIT MFL has made the 3,000 mile trip across the U.S. several times, and is often stationed at a location for months at a time. The trailer is pulled by a Ford F350 with a professional driver who travels to the MFL.
Experience with the original MIT MFL revealed that there could be some improvements to the design. The space inside the lab is limited. If the weather is not good (rainy, cold, too hot), then it can be difficult to use the ShopBot. The full-sized gantry ShopBot was not designed to travel long distances over bumpy roads. The power supply to the trailer can be problematic when all the equipment is running.
The MC2STEM Mobile FabLab (2011) was designed so that the equipment could be used in place, or rolled out of the trailer to be used in schools or for shows. All equipment is on carts, or chosen for its ability to roll and be plugged into existing outlets without requiring the services of an electrician.
The ShopBot is a 48″ wide Buddy with a Porter Cable router. At the time, the Porter Cable router was the only option to allow the ShopBot to be plugged into a standard 15A 110 outlet in the U.S. An optional 4″ power stick means that a 4′ x 4′ sheet of plywood can be machined on the Buddy.
The Buddy travels well when locked into place, can be used inside the trailer, and rolls out when necessary. The Porter Cable router (not available for international sales) is loud when used for cutting through material rather than V Carving for demonstrations.
Buddy from MC2STEM MFL rolled into position two floors up from the MFL. Shown is the standard | 503 |
<|fim_middle|> winners were Dolphin Cove – Caribbean's Leading Adventure Tourist Attraction; and Half Moon Hotel – Caribbean's Leading Conference Hotel. | He contends that while there is high demand for the product, collaboration will further boost its allure and competitiveness.
The Minister was speaking at the 26th World Travel Awards (WTA) Caribbean and North America Gala Ceremony at Sandals Montego Bay on Monday.
Mr. Bartlett, who noted that 30 million tourists visited the region in 2018, said Caribbean countries remain highly dependent on tourism to drive economic growth.
He said, in this regard, it is imperative that regional tourism leaders "work together as a team… to build the strength of tourism and make [it] work for the people of these countries".
The Minister pointed out that an average 1.4 billion visitors travel annually, spending approximately US$1.3 trillion.
Noting that about 30 million of those tourists visit the region, Mr. Bartlett argued that "we are using that as a means of building the Caribbean and we can only do it if we collaborate… if we understand the importance of the economic logic that says to collaborate is better than to compete".
Meanwhile, Mr. Bartlett continues to emphasis the linkages network as "the pathway to prosperity for recipient destinations of tourism", noting that it generates and retains more foreign exchange earnings locally.
Against this background, he said Jamaica, through the Linkage Council, will "lead the world in having a better appreciation of how to increase the retention capacity within recipient destinations".
Meanwhile, Minister Bartlett expressed appreciation to WTA founder, Graham Cooke, for bringing the awards to Jamaica for a sixth time.
"The world of tourism owes you a debt of gratitude because when you are inspired to bring the Oscars of tourism to countries like Jamaica, it [gives] us a feeling that we could indeed shine so that the world could see the lustre of our destinations," he added.
Jamaica and several local tourism and hospitality companies emerged big WTA winners, sweeping 23 coveted awards.
Jamaica received the award for Caribbean's Leading Cruise Ship Destination and Caribbean's Leading Destination.
The island's ports of entry were also big winners, with Ocho Rios copping the award for Leading Cruise Port.
The award for Caribbean's Leading Home Port went to Montego Bay, while Sangster International Airport landed the Leading Caribbean Airport award.
The award for Caribbean's Leading Meetings and Conference Centre was picked up by the Montego Bay Convention Centre, with the Jamaica Tourist Board being named the region's Leading Tourist Board.
Other | 500 |
Deviance and Social Control in Sport
Michael Atkinson
The world of sport offers a deep—and often-overlooked—source for the study of deviance and its development and impact on society. Deviance and Social Control in Sport challenges preconceived understandings regarding the relationship of deviance and sport and offers a conceptual framework for future work in a variety of sociological subfields.
Drawing on their cutting-edge research in criminology and deviance in the discipline of sociology, Atkinson and Young provide a textured understanding of sport-related deviance through the application of various approaches to deviance in a sport context. Using extended case studies, the authors examine the subject of deviance through examples that are popular (fan violence, hockey enforcers, effect of the media), understudied (sport-related violence against animals, athletes as on-field victims of violence), or emerging (sport<|fim_middle|> in today's sport world | security, drugs and weight control, cybernetic athletes, extreme sports). This engaging presentation allows readers to fully understand the effects of sport deviance in society.
Deviance and Social Control in Sport explains how forms of wanted and unwanted rule violation are produced by and mediated through social contexts in and around sport. As such, it explores
-how deviance in sport is culturally constructed and ideologically framed in dynamic and interactive contexts;
-the pathways certain athletes follow in becoming deviant and how they learn to associate those behaviors with their core identities; and
-the social responses to deviant sporting behaviors, including the role of the media in disseminating images and messages about the behavior in question.
The text begins by presenting the theoretical background necessary for understanding deviance, followed by a look at deviance as an individual issue, how it is defined, and how authorities attempt to control it. The authors make the material accessible to readers by using case studies drawn from their own empirical research. The cases show how sociologists interpret and explain the actions of athletes as well as how deviance is layered by various levels of audience interpretation. Driven by a single theory or a range of integrated theoretical approaches, the case studies encourage readers to engage in differing perspectives about deviance in sport culture. The theories are further examined in each chapter through special elements called Theoretical Intersections, which highlight how the sociology of sport meets the sociology of deviance. Discussion questions and recommended readings synthesize the information and stimulate critical thinking and research to conclude each chapter.
By considering networks of social relationships and how they produce, define, and police rule violation and rule violators, Deviance and Social Control in Sport offers a nuanced and integrated explanation of sport deviance that accounts for the behaviors and practices of both individuals and teams. This interdisciplinary text challenges readers to explore the dimensions and analytic merit of a full spectrum of crime and deviancy theories, thus stimulating a broader discussion of rule breaking in sport.
A reference for sport sociologists, sociologists, and criminologists; a supplemental text for upper-level undergraduate or graduate courses relating to social deviance to sport.
Part I. Deviant Sport Conventions
Chapter 1. The Normal and the Pathological in Sport
The Pathological as Normal
Sport Deviance as Tolerable
Chapter 2. Sport, Deviancy Theory, and Sociological Research
Traditional Strands of Sport Deviancy Theory
How to Research Sport Deviance
Moving Backward and Forward With Theory
Part II. Deviant Sport Communities
Chapter 3. Youth Tribes in Sport
From Resistance Subcultures to Lifestyle Sports
Le Parkour
Theoretical Intersections
Chapter 4. Animal Violence in Sport
Animal Sports and Social Justice
Changing Climates for Animal Sports
Part III. Deviant Athletic Bodies
Chapter 5. Body Pathologies in Sport
EPO in Professional Cycling
Slimming as Self-Violence
Technology and Disappearing Bodies
Chapter 6. Illness Narratives and Sport
Narratives of Wounded Athletes
Meeting Wounded Athletes
Comeback Narratives
Transgression Narratives
Exit Narratives
Part IV. Mediating Sport Deviance
Chapter 7. Criminal Violence in Sport
Rink Rage and Criminal Justice
Managing Hockey Deviance as a Total Institution
Ice Hockey and the Ironies of Social Control
Chapter 8. Terror and Security in Sport
Terrorism and the Olympic Games
Terrorism and the 2002 Salt Lake City Games
Security and Future Games
Chapter 9. Toward a Public Sociology of Sport Deviance
Victimological and Political-Economic Perspectives
Social Development Through Youth Sport
Sport for Reducing Social Problems
Michael Atkinson, PhD, is a senior lecturer in the School of Sport and Exercise Sciences at Loughborough University in Leicestershire, UK. He has served on the editorial boards of Sociology of Sport Journal and Deviant Behavior Journal. Atkinson is a member of the North American Society for the Sociology of Sport and the International Society for the Sociology of Sport.
In 2004, Atkinson was awarded the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada's Aurora Award. He resides in Quorn.
Kevin Young, PhD, is a professor in the department of sociology at the University of Calgary in Alberta, Canada. He has served on the editorial boards of several journals, including International Review for the Sociology of Sport, Sociology of Sport Journal, Soccer and Society, and Avante. Young has also served on the executive board of the North American Society for the Sociology of Sport and as vice president of the International Sociology of Sport Association. Young is editor of the book series Research in the Sociology of Sport.
Young enjoys all sports, loves the outdoors, and is a passionate supporter of Liverpool Football Club. He resides in Calgary.
Deviancy alive | 987 |
\section{Introduction}
There are two possible approaches to the
gravitational back reaction to Hawking radiation. The first is to
develop a microscopic theory of quantum gravity and to use it to
calculate the properties of black holes. This program has been
partially realized in the context of super-string theory\cite{calmad}.
The second is to use Hawking's calculation\cite{H} as a starting point
to compute the gravitational corrections to black hole evaporation.
Hopefully these two approaches should meet in some middle ground.
In the
second approach, the back reaction has been
addressed along two complementary lines. The first is the
``semi-classical'' theory wherein one first computes
the mean (quantum average) energy-momentum tensor
of the quantized fields propagating on the background geometry
and then solves the Einstein equations driven by
this mean value.
The solution describes an evaporating geometry
characterized by the shrinking of
the horizon area\cite{Bard, PP, massar}.
In this treatment, the metric remains classical
and unaffected by the quantum fluctuations
of the energy-momentum tensor.
The second line of attack is to take into account the dynamics
of gravity at the level of transition amplitudes before performing
the quantum average over the configurations of the radiation field.
Since Hawking radiation is derived from quantum field theory, the most
natural procedure
would be to use Feynman rules.
However, the ill-defined ultraviolet behavior of quantum
gravity has so far prevented this approach from being successfully
followed. Thus, one has to resort to less ambitious schemes.
Some interesting insights have been obtained by taking
the gravitational back reaction into account at the classical level,
before computing transition amplitudes. To this end,
the matter action $S_{matter}$ in a given geometry
is replaced by the action of matter plus gravity $S_{matter+gravity}$.
A concrete model has been
developed by Keski-Vakkuri,
Kraus and Wilczek (KKW) \cite{KW1,KW2,KK}.
It describes the propagation of a massless spherically symmetric
self-gravitating shell in a black hole geometry.
Having computed the new action,
they postulate that the wave function of a
shell is given by the WKB form $e^{iS_{m+g}}$.
Using these waves, they derive the black hole emission
amplitudes of uninteracting (dilute gas approximation) shells.
A similar approach
has been used in a Euclidean framework in \cite{MP}
following the techniques developed in \cite{HHR}.
In this case, the
probability for the black hole to emit a particle is expressed in terms of the
action $S_{m+g}$ of a self gravitating instanton.
The striking result of these works is that the probability for a
black hole of mass $M$ to emit a particle of energy $\lambda$ is given by
\begin{equation}
P_{M \to M - \lambda} = N(\lambda, M ) e^{- \Delta A (\lambda, M) /4 }
\label{R}\end{equation}
where $\Delta A (\lambda, M)= A(M) - A(M -\lambda)$
is the decrease of the area of the black
hole horizon.
$N$ is a phase space
(also called grey body) factor which cannot be calculated
in these approximation schemes.
Eq. (\ref{R}) replaces Hawking's result
$P_{M \to M - \lambda} = N e^{- 2 \pi \lambda / \kappa}$
which is characterized by a temperature $T_H = \kappa / 2 \pi$
defined by the surface gravity $\kappa$.
To first order in $\lambda$, the first law\cite{WALDBOOK} of
classical black hole thermodynamics $d E = {\kappa \over 8 \pi } dA$
guarantees that the two expressions for $P_{M \to M - \lambda}$
coincide.
This suggests
that Hawking radiation and the first law both stem from the same
principle.
This is far from obvious since the first law relates neighboring
classical solutions of general relativity
whereas black hole radiance is derived from QFT in a given geometry.
The aim of the present work is to reveal their common origin
and to establish the universal validity of eq. (\ref{R}).
We shall show that both follow from
the use of the complete action $S_{m+g}$ in place of the
matter action in a given geometry.
The reason is that the emission of a matter quantum can now be
viewed as the transition between two neighboring black hole states.
In this transition, the energy is transfered from
the hole to the radiation,
a feature absent in the
derivation of black hole radiance based on Bogoliubov coefficients
evaluated in a given geometry.
Moreover, the relevant dynamical quantity governing this transition is
the difference of actions: $S_{m+g} (final) - S_{m+g} (initial)$.
Then, as in deriving the first law\cite{CT}, this difference can be
reexpressed as a difference of boundary terms at the horizon. From
this, it is easy to show that the dynamical quantity which governs
emission rates is equal to the change in horizon area divided by 4.
To demonstrate this result,
we make use of the appropriate coordinate system to
describe processes inducing changes in area. These are the boost
parameter $\Theta$ and its conjugate variable, the area of the horizon
$A/8\pi$. These variables where used by Teitelboim and collaborators
\cite{CT,Tp,T,CT2,BTZ} to compute the partition function of the black hole
{\it \`a la} Gibbons-Hawking\cite{GH} starting from the appropriate
classical action. In this case, they showed that one must add
to the canonical action ($pdq - H dt$) a boundary term equal
to $\Theta A/8 \pi$.
In our context, it is through this boundary term that we shall obtain
eq. (\ref{R})
and establish the relationship with the first law.
We have organized this paper as follows. After a brief review
of Hawking's derivation formulated in a fixed geometry,
we introduce the reader to the variables
$\Theta$ and $A$ and to their role in boundary terms at the horizon.
In particular we emphasize that the particular form of the boundary term
is dictated by the physical process considered. For the emission of
particles by a black hole, the appropriate action is the
canonical action $S_{m+g}$ supplemented by $\Theta A /8 \pi$.
This action is used in section \ref{SProb} to compute the transition rates
of a detector at a fixed radius of the black hole. The usefulness of
introducing a detector is that the transition amplitudes are expressed
in terms of the overlap of the initial and final states of the
detector+black hole complex. Both are stationary
eigenvectors of $i\partial_\Theta$ with eigenvalue equal to the area
of the black hole. In this setting the ADM mass is fixed and therefore
the time at infinity cannot be used to parameterize the
evolution\cite{PW}. Instead one must use $\Theta$ time. It is then
straightforward to
show that the ratio of transition rates of the detector is
given by $e^{-\Delta A/4}$.
Even though the introduction of a detector is useful, it is
not intrinsic to black hole radiation. This is why in section
\ref{secKKW}
we reconsider the KKW model which only makes appeal to the action of
the particles emitted by the black hole. By using $\Theta$ and $A$ we
shall recover KKW's result in very simple terms and make contact with
the former derivation.
We shall also show that eq. (\ref{R})
follows directly from the {\it universal} form of out-going trajectories
in the near horizon geometry and the specification
that the field configurations be in (Unruh) vacuum.
Thus eq. (\ref{R}) applies to all emission processes in the presence
of horizons, including charged and rotating black hole, cosmological
and acceleration horizons (in the latter case the horizon area is infinite,
but differences are finite and well-defined, see \cite{HHR,MP,suh2}).
The universal validity of this derivation is the main result of this
paper. It proves that the area of all event horizons determines
the gravitational statistical entropy
{\it available}\cite{PP2} to these quantum processes.
In this we give statistical foundations\cite{SORKIN2}
to the relation between horizon thermodynamics and
Einstein's equations exhibited by Jacobson\cite{jac}.
\section{Hawking Radiation}\label{two}
In this section we fix the notations and review two standard
derivations of black hole radiation.
In the first derivation, following Unruh\cite{U}, we
introduce a two level atom coupled to the radiation field
and whose position is fixed.
Then, using Einstein's argument, one determines the
distribution of massless quanta from its transition rates.
In this way one only uses basic quantum mechanical rules.
The second approach is more intrinsic and closer to Hawking's
derivation\cite{H}. Black hole radiation is established
through the Bogoljubov transformation relating in-modes which
determine the state of the radiation field before the collapse
(which shall be taken for simplicity to be in-vacuum)
and out-modes which define the particles emerging
from the hole and found at infinity.
The metric of a Schwarzschild black hole is
\begin{equation}
ds^2 = -(1 - {2 M \over r}) dt^2 +(1 - {2 M \over r})^{-1} dr^2 + r^2
d\Omega^2 \quad .
\end{equation}
We introduce the light like coordinates $u$ and $v$:
\begin{equation}
v,u = t \pm r^*\quad , \quad r^* = r + 2M \ln \vert r- 2M \vert
\end{equation}
and the Kruskal coordinates $U_K$ and $V_K$:
\begin{equation}
U_K = -
{ 1 \over \kappa} e^{-\kappa u} \quad , \quad
V_K= { 1 \over \kappa} e^{\kappa v}
\end{equation}
where $\kappa= 1/4M$ is the surface gravity.
For a black hole formed by the collapse of a
spherically symmetric star, the outgoing modes,
solutions of the Dalembertian equation
have the following form near the horizon,
i.e. for $r - 2M \ll 2M$:
\begin{equation}
\phi_{\omega l m} = { e^{-i\omega U_K} \over \sqrt{4 \pi \omega}}
{Y_{lm}(\Omega) \over r} \label{Umodes}
\quad .
\end{equation}
Further away from the horizon this expression
is no longer exact because of the potential barrier which
surrounds the black hole. For simplicity, throughout the article,
we shall neglect the transmission coefficients (also called grey body factors)
induced by this barrier since they cancel out
from the ratio of the transition rates
which determines the equilibrium distribution around an eternal black
hole, see eq. (\ref{Prob}) below.
This cancellation also applies to charged and rotating black holes
when one takes
into account the ``work term'' exerted by the electric potential or the
angular momentum of the hole, see \cite{Gibbons, BD}.
The modes eq. (\ref{Umodes}) are associated with the
out-going particles as seen by infalling observers.
Indeed, for $r- 2M\ll 2M$, the proper time lapse of infalling observers
is proportional to $\Delta U_K$. This is simply seen by
re-expressing the Schwarzschild metric in $U_K, V_K$ coordinates:
$ds^2 \simeq - dU_KdV_K + r^2 d^2 \Omega$. Hence near the horizon,
for infalling observers, the modes eq. (\ref{Umodes}) have positive
frequency.
Using these modes, the field operator can be decomposed as:
\begin{equation}
\Phi = \sum_{\omega,l,m} a_{\omega l m}
\phi_{\omega l m} + {\rm h.c.} + {\rm ingoing\ modes}
\quad .
\end{equation}
By definition, the in-vacuum state, denoted $|0_U\rangle$,
is annihilated by the $a_{\omega l m}$ operators.
In the literature it is often called the Unruh vacuum.
The fact that it is annihilated by all $a_{\omega l m}$
guarantees that infalling observers
experience vacuum conditions as they cross the future horizon.
Consider now a particle detector at fixed radius $R$ of the black hole
and angular position $\Omega$. It has two levels $|e \rangle$
and $|g \rangle$ of
energy $E_e$ and $E_g$ with $\Delta E = E_e - E_g >0$.
For simplicity we shall take $R$ to be very large
($R \gg 2M$).
Then $t$
is the proper time of the detector and
$ \Delta E$ is the energy gap as measured from
$r = \infty$. For smaller $r$,
one should take into account the gravitational red shift.
In the interaction representation,
the coupling of the detector to the field $\Phi$ is given by
\begin{equation}
H_{int} = \gamma
\Phi(t,R,\Omega)\left( e^{+i \Delta E t} |e \rangle \langle g| + {\rm
h.c.}
\right)
\label{hinter}
\end{equation}
where $\gamma$ is the coupling constant.
When the detector is initially
in its ground state, the state of the system
(detector plus radiation field $\Phi$) is $|0_U \rangle|g \rangle$.
In the interacting picture, at late times and to first
order in $\gamma$, this state becomes:
\begin{eqnarray}
|\psi_g \rangle&=&|0_U \rangle|g \rangle - i \gamma \int dt
e^{i \Delta E t} \Phi(R,\Omega,t)
|0_U \rangle|e \rangle\nonumber\\
&=&|0_U \rangle|g \rangle - i \gamma \sum_{\omega l m}\int dt
e^{i \Delta E t} e^{-i
\omega C e^{-\kappa t} } {Y_{lm}^*(\Omega)\over R \sqrt{4 \pi \omega}}
a^\dagger_{\omega l m}
|0_U \rangle|e \rangle
\nonumber\\
&=&|0_U \rangle|g \rangle + \sum_{\omega l m}
{B}_{g \to e, \omega,l,m}
a^\dagger_{\omega l m}|0_U \rangle|e \rangle
\label{gtoe}
\end{eqnarray}
where $C= (1/\kappa) \exp (\kappa R + {1 \over 2}\ln (R - 2M))$.
Similarly if the detector was initially in its excited state, the
final state would have been
\ba
|\psi_e \rangle &=&
|0_U \rangle|e \rangle - i
\gamma \sum_{\omega l m}\int dt e^{-i \Delta E t} e^{-i
\omega C e^{-\kappa t}} {Y_{lm}^*(\Omega)\over R \sqrt{4 \pi \omega}}
a^\dagger_{\omega l m}
|0_U \rangle|g \rangle
\nonumber\\
&=& |0_U \rangle|e \rangle + \sum_{\omega l m}
{B}_{e \to g, \omega,l,m}a^\dagger_{\omega l m} |0_U \rangle|g \rangle
\quad .
\label{etog}
\ea
Since we are interested in determining the population
of quanta seen by the detector, we only need to
compute the ratio of the transition rates.
By replacing $t$ by $t + i \pi/ \kappa $ in the integral
governing the transition amplitude ${B}_{e \to g, \omega,l,m}$,
one obtains
$B_{g \to e} = B_{e \to g}^* e^{- \pi \Delta E /\kappa}$ for all
$l,m,\omega$,
see \cite{PB, GO}.
Thus the ratio of the transition probabilities is:
\begin{equation}
{|{B}_{g \to e, \omega,l,m}|^2 \over |{B}_{e \to g, \omega,l,m}|^2}
=e^{- {2\pi \over \kappa} \Delta E} \label{Prob}
\quad .
\end{equation}
This corresponds to the rates in a thermal bath at temperature $
\kappa / 2 \pi = 1/8 \pi M$.
Then, using Einstein's argument, one
obtains that the quanta of the radiation field are distributed according to
the Planck distribution.
This derivation is equivalent to calculating the
Bogoljubov transformation between Unruh modes, eq. (\ref{Umodes}),
and the out-modes defined below in eq. (\ref{outmodes}).
Indeed the
transition amplitudes ${B}_{g \to e, \omega,l=0}$ and
${B}_{e \to g, \omega,l=0}$ are proportional to
the Bogoliubov coefficients
$\alpha_{\omega \lambda} $ and $\beta_{\omega \lambda}$
when $\Delta E = \lambda$, see \cite{U, PB}.
This relationship provides a physical interpretation of
Bogoljubov coefficients as transition amplitudes.
A concept that we shall rediscuss below.
We now turn to the second derivation in which
the spectrum of emitted particles is determined only
in terms of solutions of the Dalembertian
with a given frequency $i\partial_t=\lambda$. There are
two positive norm modes for each value of $\lambda$ which identically
vanish either inside or outside the horizon:
\begin{eqnarray}
\varphi_{\lambda,+} &=& {e^{- i\lambda u}\over \sqrt{4 \pi \lambda}}
{
1 \over r}
\theta (r-2M) \quad , \quad \lambda > 0 \quad ,\nonumber\\
\varphi_{\lambda,-} &=& {e^{+ i\lambda u}\over \sqrt{4 \pi \lambda}}
{
1 \over r}
\theta (2M-r) \quad , \quad \lambda > 0 \quad .
\label{outmodes}
\end{eqnarray}
Once more we have neglected the potential barrier outside
the black hole and for simplicity we have considered only s-waves
($l=0$).
The modes $\varphi_+$ define the out-quanta, i.e.
those used by a static observer around the black hole
to describe the presence or absence of out-going particles.
We can again decompose the field operator into $\varphi_\pm$ modes:
\begin{equation} \Phi = \sum_{\lambda,\pm} a_{out,\lambda \pm}
\varphi_{\lambda, \pm} + {\rm h.c.} + {\rm ingoing\ modes}
\quad .
\end{equation}
By definition the $a_{out,\lambda \pm}$ annihilate the out vacuum,
$|0_{out}\rangle$.
It is now appropriate to introduce a third set of modes $\phi_{\lambda, \pm}$
which possess the following properties.
They are eigenmodes
of $i\partial_t=\lambda$ and are composed only
of positive frequency modes, eq. (\ref{Umodes}),
which define Unruh vacuum.
The simplest way to implement this last condition is
to express the out-modes in Kruskal coordinates:
$\varphi_{\lambda \pm} \simeq (\mp U_K)^{\pm i \lambda / \kappa}
\theta(\mp U_K)$. Since $\Delta U_K$ is
proportional to the proper time of an infalling observer,
$\phi_\lambda$ must be the linear combination of $\varphi_{\lambda
\pm}$ which is analytic and bounded in the
lower half of the complex $U_K$ plane. Upon requiring also that
the $\phi_{\lambda \pm}$ have unit
norm, one obtains
\begin{eqnarray}
\phi_{\lambda +} = {1 \over \sqrt{ 1 - e^{- 2 \pi \lambda/ \kappa}}}
\left( \varphi_{\lambda +} + e^{- \pi \lambda /\kappa}
\varphi_{\lambda -}^*
\right )\quad , \quad \lambda > 0 \quad , \nonumber\\
\phi_{\lambda -} = {1 \over \sqrt{ 1 - e^{- 2 \pi \lambda/ \kappa}}}
\left( \varphi_{\lambda -} + e^{- \pi \lambda /\kappa}
\varphi_{\lambda +}^*
\right ) \quad , \quad \lambda > 0 \quad .
\label{US}\end{eqnarray}
One can verify by evaluating the overlap of
$\phi_\lambda$ and $\phi_\omega$ that the $\phi_\lambda$ are linear
combinations of the $\phi_\omega$ with no $\phi_\omega^*$ component,
see e.g. \cite{GO}.
One can then decompose the field operator in terms of these new modes:
\begin{equation} \Phi = \sum_{\lambda,\pm} a_{\lambda \pm}
\phi_{\lambda, \pm} + {\rm h.c.} + {\rm ingoing\ modes}
\quad .
\end{equation}
Then, Unruh vacuum is annihilated by the $a_{\lambda \pm}$ operators.
The weights in
eq. (\ref{US}) define the Bogoljubov coefficients $\alpha_\lambda$
and $\beta_\lambda$.
Their ratio satisfies
\begin{equation}
{ | \beta_ \lambda |^2 \over | \alpha_ \lambda |^2}
= e^{- 2 \pi \lambda/\kappa } \quad .
\label{eqex}
\end{equation}
Since $ | \beta_ \lambda |^2$ determines the mean number of out quanta
of energy $\lambda$ in Unruh vacuum,
eq. (\ref{eqex}) implies that Unruh
vacuum is a thermal distribution of out-particles
at temperature $\kappa /2 \pi$, in agreement with eq. (\ref{Prob}).
We will find it convenient below to use the same argument, but
rephrased in coordinate systems which are regular on the
future horizon and which lead to a static metric. This second condition
implies that the time parameter is
proportional to $t$ at fixed $r$.
An example is given by the Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates
$v,r,\Omega$ in which the metric has the form:
\begin{equation}
ds^2 = -(1-2M/r) dv^2
+ 2dvdr + r^2 d\Omega^2 \quad .
\end{equation}
Near the horizon the metric takes the simple form
$ds^2 \simeq 2dvdr + r^2 d\Omega^2$ which shows that $v,r$ are
inertial coordinates.
Moreover since $-dr$ is proportional to $dU_K$,
the momentum $p_r$ plays the role of the
frequency $\omega$ of eq. (\ref{Umodes})
and
one can translate the analytical condition implementing Unruh vacuum
in terms of $r$: to obtain
a $\phi$ mode, one analytically continues $\varphi_+$ in
the upper half complex $r$ plane to define its value for $r < 2M$.
As shown in \cite{DamourRuff}, one immediately obtains eq. (\ref{US}).
In Section 5, it is through the analytical behavior in $r$
of the modified modes that we shall determine the corrections to
eq. (\ref{eqex}).
In conclusion of this Section,
we wish to emphasize the following point.
In the transitions described in eq. (\ref{gtoe}),
there is a transfer of energy from the radiation
field to the detector but the black hole
mass stays constant. Similarly,
upon computing the Bogoliubov coefficients in eq. (\ref{US}),
the geometry is unaffected.
In these descriptions of black hole radiation,
there is no transfer of energy from the hole
into radiation. The notion of black hole evaporation
only arises when the mean energy momentum tensor
of the radiated quanta
is put on the r.h.s of Einstein's equations wherein it drives
the shrinking of the horizon area\cite{H}-\cite{massar}.
This artificial two step procedure results
from the original sin: to have decided to work in a given
geometry. As we shall see in Sections 4 and 5,
upon working with a recoiling geometry, energy
conservation will be taken into account at the
level of amplitudes, as in the Compton effect.
Then, the black hole will act as a conventional reservoir of energy:
when delivering heat to the external world it loses
the corresponding energy.
\section{Boundary terms in the Einstein-Hilbert Action}\label{boundary}
In this section, following \cite{CT, Tp, T},
we introduce coordinates which have an intrinsic
geometric interpretation near the horizon. These coordinates are the
hyperbolic angle $\Theta$, the transverse coordinates along the
horizon $x^i_\perp$ and the radial proper distance from the
horizon $\rho$. In terms of these coordinates, the metric near the
horizon takes the universal form
\begin{equation}
ds^2 \simeq -\rho^2 d\Theta^2 + d\rho^2 + \gamma_{ij}dx^i_\perp dx^j_\perp
\quad .
\label{dsH}
\end{equation}
For simplicity we have written the metric for a spherically symmetric
horizon, for the general case we refer to \cite{T}.
The area of the horizon is $A =\int dx^2_\perp \sqrt{\gamma}\vert_{\rho =0}$.
In the case of a Schwarzschild on-shell solution,
$\Theta = \kappa t_\infty$ and $\rho
\simeq \sqrt{ 8M(r-2M)}$ where $t_\infty$
is the proper time at spatial infinity.
The universal form of the metric in these coordinates
implies that if we use them to describe
a process near a particular horizon,
the description of the same process in the vicinity of any
other horizon will be identical.
The developments presented in sections \ref{SProb} and \ref{secKKW}
for a Schwarzschild black hole thus also apply
to charged and rotating holes\cite{CT2} and to
cosmological and acceleration horizons.
Furthermore because these coordinates lead to such
a simple form for the metric,
physical process occurring near the horizon
will be most simply described in these coordinates.
In this section, this will be illustrated by
considering the boundary terms at the horizon that arise
in the Hamiltonian formulation of general relativity.
In the next sections we shall see that these coordinates
are also well adapted to describe particle production near event
horizons.
We start the analysis of the boundary terms in the canonical action
for matter and gravity
\begin{equation}
I_{can}= \int^t_0 dt' \left\{
\pi^{ab} \dot g_{ab} + p \dot q - N H - N^i H_i
\right\}
\label{S}
\end{equation}
where $g_{ab}$ is the spatial metric, $\pi^{ab}$ its conjugate
momentum, $q$ and $p$ the coordinates and momentum of matter, $N$ and
$N^i$ the lapse and shift, and $H$ and $H_i$ the energy and momentum
constraints.
In what follows, we focus on metrics $g_{ab}$
which have two spatial boundaries.
We suppose that at one boundary the metric is
asymptotically flat, that is $g_{ab}$ and $\pi^{ab}$ tend to
their value in flat space as the proper distance $\rho \simeq r$
tends to infinity, see \cite{RT} for the precise behavior
one imposes. We also suppose that
at the other boundary the metric can be put in the form
eq. (\ref{dsH}), see \cite{T} for the precise conditions imposed
at this boundary. Thus we are considering
the class of metrics which, on shell and in vacuum, will correspond
to one of the asymptotically flat quadrants of an eternal black hole.
Because these metrics have spatial boundaries,
it may be necessary to
add boundary terms to $ I_{can}$ in order for it to be
stationary on the solutions of the equations of motion.
We now review these features, starting with the boundary
at infinity. Details of the calculations will not be presented.
They can be found in many papers,
see for instance \cite{RT}\cite{K}\cite{BTZ}\cite{T}.
Let us first emphasize that the following considerations
are superfluous for classical physics, i.e. for the determination
of the solutions of the equations of motion. However,
when considering quantum kernels, transition amplitudes
or partition functions, they cannot be ignored since
the WKB value of the quantum phase is determined
by the action.
To identify the boundary terms, following
\cite{Tp}, we compute the total variation of the
action given in eq. (\ref{S}).
By total variation we mean that we are considering the linear change
of $I_{can}$ due to an arbitrary change of all its variables.
We note that this variation can be performed around any
configuration, i.e., on-shell or off-shell.
We nevertheless impose that the space time
is asymptotically flat. In this case, the first order change of $I_{can}$
contains three types of terms. First we have the contribution of the bulk,
the 4-geometry interpolating the initial to the final 3-geometry. As usual,
this contribution vanishes when the reference configuration is on-shell.
Secondly, one has the contributions due to the change of
the initial and final configuration.
These determine (as usual) the initial and final momenta of gravity.
Finally, one has an additional contribution arising from spatial infinity.
On shell, it is is equal to
\begin{equation}
\delta I_{can}^{r=\infty}= t_\infty \delta M_{ADM}
\label{deltaSHam}
\end{equation}
where $t_\infty$ is the (coordinate invariant) proper time
at spatial infinity. It is related to the
lapse function $N(r)$ by $t_\infty
= \int_0^t dt' N (t', r=\infty)$.
$\delta M_{ADM}$ is the change in mass at infinity
which is defined by $\delta g_{rr}$ for large $r$.
Eq. (\ref{deltaSHam}) shows that $I_{can}$ is extremal on shell,
i.e. its variation reduces on shell to
$\pi^{ab} \delta g_{ab}\vert_{initial}^{final}$,
only if $\delta M_{ADM}=0$,
i.e. only if one varies among the sub-class of
metrics for which $M_{ADM}$ is kept fixed.
If one wishes to consider the Legendre conjugate ensemble
in which the asymptotic proper time is fixed, one
must work with the action $S' = I_{can} - t_\infty M_{ADM}$
Indeed, the variation of this new action yields the following
asymptotic contribution
\begin{equation}
\delta S'_{r=\infty} = - \delta t_\infty M_{ADM} \, .
\label{deltaS'} \quad
\end{equation}
This term vanishes when one works
among the sub-class of metrics for which $t_\infty$ is kept fixed
but $\delta M_{ADM}$ is arbitrary.
We now turn to the boundary term at the horizon. The analysis
proceeds in parallel with the preceding one.
The form of the boundary term is dictated by the fact that one requires
that, near the horizon, the lapse and shift vanish (or more precisely
that at $\rho =0$, the momentum $\pi^\rho_\rho$ and the derivative of
the area of the surfaces of constant $\rho$, $\partial_\rho A$,
vanish, see \cite{T})
and hence the metric can be put in the form eq. (\ref{dsH}).
Upon varying eq. (\ref{S}) one finds a boundary term at the horizon
\begin{equation}
\delta I_{can}^{inner \, boundary}=
- \Theta \delta A/8 \pi \ .
\label{deltaSHam2}
\end{equation}
Here $\delta A$ is the change in horizon area and
$\Theta$
is the hyperbolic angle defined
in eq. (\ref{dsH}). It is equal to the limit $r \to r_{horizon}$ of
$ N^2(r) t / 2 (r- r_{hor})$.
For simplicity of writing, we have again considered
only spherically symmetric 3-geometries.
For the general case, see \cite{T}.
Notice that $\Theta$ is a coordinate invariant
quantity, exactly like $t_\infty$ in the asymptotic contribution.
Moreover, as pointed out in \cite{CT}, $A/8 \pi$ and $\Theta$
are conjugate variables exactly like $M_{ADM}$ and $t_\infty$.
Eq. (\ref{deltaSHam2}) shows that $ I_{can}$ is extremal on-shell
for the sub-class of metrics which have fixed horizon area.
When one wishes to work with a fixed opening angle $\Theta$,
one must work with the action $S= I_{can}+ \Theta A /8 \pi $
since its variation yields
\begin{equation}
\delta S^{inner \, boundary} = A \delta \Theta / 8 \pi \, .
\label{dddd}
\end{equation}
$ S$ is thus extremal on-shell
for the class of metrics which have fixed $\Theta$.
This action must be used when working in
the Euclidean continuation of the black hole\cite{BTZ}.
Indeed regularity of the Euclidean manifold at the horizon
imposes a fixed Euclidean angle
given by $\Theta_E = 2 \pi$.
The surface term in the action then contributes a
term $A/4$ to the partition function which is
interpreted as the entropy of the
black hole. One of the main advantage of introducing
this boundary term is to clarify the derivation of this
partition function which was first considered by Gibbons and
Hawking\cite{GH}.
In brief, upon considering dynamical processes
occurring around a black hole,
there are a priori 4 actions which can
be considered according to which quantities are fixed in the
variational principle (or in the path integral)
and therefore according to the surface terms.
Two however are rather unphysical. Indeed fixing both the ADM mass
and the horizon area is too constraining as can be seen by considering
the vacuum spherically symmetric solutions for which
fixing the ADM mass determines the horizon area
(in a path integral,
the kernel would vanish). For non empty
geometries, this double specification would impose
an unusual non-local constraint on the matter energy repartition.
Similarly fixing both the time at infinity and the hyperbolic
angle $\Theta$ is also too constraining. Thus one is left with two
possibilities: fixing $\Theta$ and $M_{ADM}$
or fixing $t_{\infty}$ and $A$.
A more mathematical reason why these are the only
two possibilities (in the absence of matter)
is that the constraints $H=0$ and $H_i=0$
viewed as differential equations
need boundary conditions in order to yield a unique solution
and fixing the ADM mass
or the horizon area but not both provides the required
boundary data\cite{T}.
The choice among the two remaining possibilities is dictated by physical
considerations. If $M_{ADM}$ is not fixed but $A$ is,
this means that one is considering configurations
in which the ADM mass is determined by
the repartition of matter surrounding the black hole while
leaving the black hole unchanged. On
the other hand, if one fixes $M_{ADM}$ while letting $A$ to be determined,
one is exploring configurations in which energy can be redistributed
between the black hole and the
surrounding matter, but with no change of the ADM mass
\footnote{
To be complete, we should perhaps point out the following
difficulty. The horizon is
the 2D boundary common to all 3-surfaces including
the initial and the final ones.
Hence, its area cannot vary in time.
Therefore in order to allow $A$ to vary,
one must consider a kind of regularized version
in which the boundary of the 3-surfaces is arbitrarily close to the
horizon, but does not coincide with it. To our knowledge,
the precise procedure has yet not been completely worked out.
We mention here the recent works\cite{W, C, A} in which
generalized definitions of horizon
have been proposed, mainly to allow for evolution.
However, in what follows, we shall not need an action governing
continuous changes in area.
Only states corresponding to constant areas will be used.}.
Clearly black hole evaporation requires the second
situation if one wants to analyze what happens
at finite $r$.
Therefore in the next section,
we shall fix the mass at
infinity and follow the evolution in terms of $\Theta$
and $A$. The relevant action in this case is
\begin{equation}
S = \int_0^t dt' \left\{ \pi^{ab} \dot g_{ab} + p \dot q - N H - N^i H_i
\right\}
+ \Theta(t) \, A / 8 \pi
\quad . \label{S2}
\end{equation}
In
section \ref{secKKW} we shall also consider the region
behind the horizon. Thus the formalism developed here will
not be directly applicable. Nevertheless,
it will still be convenient to keep the ADM mass fixed and to describe
the process in terms of $\Theta$ and $A$.
\section{Probability for detector transitions in terms of horizon area
change}\label{SProb}
In this section and the following one we calculate the transition rates
governing black hole radiation
when the matter action in a fixed
geometry is replaced by the sum of matter
and Einstein-Hilbert actions.
In this new description, the
change of the geometry induced by the transition
process is taken into account through
the extremisation of the total action.
We start with the description of black hole radiation based
on the transitions of a static detector.
Our aim is to show that it is the change in area
associated with the quantum jump of the detector
which determines the transition amplitudes.
The detector is assumed to be at $r=R$ in one of the
asymptotically flat quadrants of an eternal black hole. We believe
however that our analysis also applies to black
holes formed by collapse and that the mathematical
analysis in the two cases should be identical, see however
the last footnote.
As in Section 2, we compute the transition amplitudes in perturbation
theory to first order in the coupling $\gamma$
of the detector to the field, see eq. (\ref{hinter}).
As before they are given by the overlap of the three free
waves. Here these are the
radiation wave function and the two
stationary states of the detector + black hole complex.
These two stationary states have two interesting properties.
Firstly, their eigenvalue is the black hole area rather than the
detector's energy. Secondly, since the ADM mass is fixed,
each eigenvalue is entangled
to the corresponding detector state.
Thus, in the new description, the transitions of the
detector lead to quantum jumps from one horizon
area to the other without smooth (classical) interpolation
from one stationary geometry to the other.
We first compute the $\Theta$-time dependence of the
wave functions associated with the two states of the
detector when their energy is taken into
account in the definition of the background geometry.
This amounts to evaluate twice the on-shell action, eq. (\ref{S2}).
Since the detector is at $r=const$, both classical geometries
are static. Thus the $p \dot q$ and $\pi^{ab}\dot g_{ab}$
terms in the action vanish.
Moreover, on-shell, the constraints also vanish.
Hence, at fixed $M_{ADM}$,
the only term contributing to $S$ is the surface term at the
horizon. This term is equal to $\Theta A_g/8 \pi $ or $\Theta A_e/8 \pi$
where $A_g$ ($A_e$) is the horizon area when the detector is in the
ground (excited) state.
Thus the time dependence of the free (i.e. $\gamma =0$)
wave functions
are
\begin{eqnarray}
\Psi_{BH+g}(\Theta) &=& e^{i \Theta
A_g/8 \pi} \, \Psi_{BH+g}(0) \quad , \nonumber\\
\Psi_{BH+e}(\Theta) &=& e^{i \Theta
A_e/8 \pi} \, \Psi_{BH+e}(0)\quad .
\label{PsiBHd}
\end{eqnarray}
This is certainly correct in a WKB approximation.
Moreover, since in the
absence of interactions with the radiation field
one deals with stationary area eigenstates, the exponential form is exact.
Of course, in an exact quantum treatment, the eigen-areas may receive
quantum corrections, but this will
{\it not} affect the exponential behavior.
We now determine the expression for the
outgoing modes which replaces eq. (\ref{Umodes}).
In this section, we shall not take into account the
gravitational deformation induced by these modes.
We shall also neglect the effects that the
fluctuations of the geometry\cite{SORKIN, us}
might have.
The validity of both hypothesis will be discussed
after we have presented the mathematical outcome.
In the absence of back-reaction and metric fluctuations, the modes
must be such that they correspond to excitations
of the vacuum state defined near the horizon. From
the definition of $\Theta$,
its relationship to the inertial light like
coordinates $U_K, V_K$ (such that $ds^2 =
- dU_K dV_K + r^2 d^2\Omega$ near the horizon)
is of the form $dU_K = C e^{- \Theta} d\Theta $ at fixed $r$.
This universal relation exhibits the exponential
Doppler shift which is the hallmark of horizons (except for
extremal black holes).
Therefore, we make the hypothesis that the new expression is
\begin{eqnarray}
\phi_{\omega}(\Theta, R ) = D e^{i\omega U_K} =
D e^{iC \omega e^{-\Theta}}
\label{photon}
\end{eqnarray}
in place of $e^{iC\omega e^{-\kappa t}} $,
see eqs. (\ref{gtoe}, \ref{etog}).
$D$ is a constant which plays no role.
We now assume that, to first order in $\gamma$ and
as in eqs. (\ref{gtoe}, \ref{etog}),
the transition amplitudes are given by the
``time'' integral of the product of the three waves.
Up to the {\it same} overall constant (see the discussion after
eq. (\ref{Umodes})),
they then are given by
\begin{eqnarray}
{\cal{B}}_{g \to e + \omega} &=&
\int\! d\Theta\ \Psi_{BH + g}\;
\Psi_{BH + e}^*\; \phi_{\omega}^*
\quad , \nonumber\\
{\cal{B}}_{e \to g + \omega} &=&
\int\! d \Theta\ \Psi_{BH +g}^*\;
\Psi_{BH +e}\; \phi_{\omega}^*
\quad . \label{exp}\end{eqnarray}
Using eq. (\ref{PsiBHd}) and eq. (\ref{photon}) and by replacing
$\Theta$ by $\Theta + i \pi$ in either amplitude, one obtains
\begin{equation}
{ | {\cal{B}}_{g \to e + \omega}|^2 \over |{\cal{B}}_{e \to g + \omega}|^2 }
= e^{ (A_e - A_g)/4} \quad .
\label{ratio}
\end{equation}
This establishes that $(A_e - A_g)/4$,
the difference of the horizon
areas if the detector is excited or not,
governs the equilibrium distribution of the detector's states.
The new distribution clearly corresponds
to a micro-canonical distribution
since we are considering exchanges
of energy between the black hole and the detector with no
ADM mass change at spatial infinity. This confirms the interpretation
of $A/4$
as the statistical entropy of the black hole
since $e^{A/4}$ enters in eq. (\ref{ratio}) as the quantum
degeneracy of the initial and final black hole states.
In this we confirm what has been found in \cite{HHR,suh2,KK}.
Eq. (\ref{ratio}) replaces the canonical expression of
eq. (\ref{Prob})
which is governed by the energy change $E_e - E_g$ and
by Hawking temperature $\kappa / 2 \pi$.
To first order in $E_e - E_g$, energy conservation
and the (static version\cite{WALDBOOK} of the)
first law (i.e. $dE_{detect.} = - dM_{hole} = - \kappa dA/8 \pi $)
guarantee that the new expression
gives back Hawking's result eq. (\ref{Prob}).
The correction to this first order approximation is governed by the
specific heat of the black hole.
Thus it is completely negligible for large black holes.
Therefore the main
changes from eq. (\ref{Prob}) to eq. (\ref{ratio})
are conceptual.
First, energy conservation is now built in
through the use of the extremised total action.
Secondly, the thermalization of the detector no longer
reveals that a thermal flux of photons is emitted by the
hole but more fundamentally that the detector is in contact
with a reservoir whose entropy is ${A/4}$.
Thirdly, the geometry jumps from one stationary
situation to another one without smooth (classical)
interpolation between them.
\vskip .3 truecm
{\bf Discussion}
\noindent
In order to reveal the origin of these qualitative changes
and to justify the hypothesis we made,
it is appropriate to rewrite the transition amplitudes in
terms of the complete system:
black hole, detector and radiation field.
To quantize the whole system requires to consider the
Wheeler-DeWitt constraints
\begin{equation}
H^{BH+detect. + \Phi}_\mu |{\Psi}\rangle =0
\quad . \label{const}\end{equation}
When $t$, the lapse of proper time at spatial flat infinity is fixed,
the Wheeler-DeWitt equation is supplemented\cite{CT} by
the following equation:
\be
i \partial_t |{\Psi}\rangle = \hat M_{ADM} |{\Psi}\rangle
\ee
Starting from the WDW equation,
this shows that one recuperates
the notion of a Schr\"odingerian
evolution in terms of the (coordinate-invariant) time $t_\infty$
when one imposes that the 3-geometries are asymptotically flat.
Note also that this equation is
the quantum version of eq. (\ref{deltaS'}), thereby justifying the
classical analysis of that Section.
Similarly, in the presence of an inner boundary,
when working at fixed opening time $\Theta$,
the Wheeler-DeWitt equation is supplemented by
another remarkable equation\cite{CT}:
\be
i \partial_\Theta |{\Psi}\rangle = - {\hat A \over 8 \pi } |{\Psi}\rangle
\quad . \label{CarT}
\ee
Notice the different signs of $\hat A$ and $\hat M$ in these two
equations. This is because $\hat A$ comes from an inner boundary and
$\hat M$ from an outer one. This flip of sign can already be seen at
the classical
level by comparing eqs. (\ref{deltaSHam}) and (\ref{deltaSHam2}).
Indeed, eq. (\ref{CarT}) corresponds to the quantized version
of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation $\partial_\Theta S = A$
which follows from eq. (\ref{dddd}).
In eq. (\ref{CarT}), the operator
$\hat A$ is defined from the behavior of the
3-geometries as one reaches the horizon. When the local WDW constraints
are satisfied, $\hat A$ parametrically depends on the
matter and gravitational configurations from the horizon
till $r= \infty$. (A simple example of this dependence is provided by
the solutions (\ref{PsiBHd}) of equation (\ref{CarT}) where the
eigenvalue $A$ depends on the state of the detector.)
In our derivation, we first assume that, in the absence of interactions
governed by $\gamma$,
the energy of the radiation field (whether or not it is
in an excited state) does not influence the geometry.
This amounts to assume that the wave functions
of the initial and final free states factorize:
\begin{eqnarray}
|\Psi_{in}(\Theta)\rangle
&= &
|\Psi_{BH + g}(\Theta )\rangle
\otimes |0_U(\Theta )\rangle
\quad , \nonumber\\
|\Psi_{fin} (\Theta)\rangle& =&
|\Psi_{BH + e }(\Theta)\rangle
\otimes |\Psi_{\Phi_\omega }(\Theta)\rangle
\quad .
\end{eqnarray}
This factorization is equivalent
to postulate in a path integral formulation that the
total action
splits as a sum: $S_{BH + det + \Phi} = S_{BH + det} + S_\Phi$ wherein the
latter is evaluated in the background defined by $S_{BH + det}$.
As shown in \cite{clbfa}, this approximation means that the
recoil of gravity due to the energy of the radiation field has been
taken to account to first order only. The
corrections to this linear approximation are governed by
gravitational interactions of the form
$\int \!\! \int T G T$ where $T$ is the
energy momentum tensor of the radiation field and $G$
the Green function of the background degrees of freedom\cite{bk}.
These interactions contain three parts. The
first describes the gravitational interactions
of the photon and the detector. Neglecting these
is probably legitimate if the detector is far from the black hole.
The second part concerns the gravitational self interactions of the
photon. These will be studied in the context of the shell model of KKW
in the next section and will be shown
to confirm eq. (\ref{photon}).
The third part describes the interactions among the
quanta present in Unruh vacuum. In a dilute gas
approximation these are neglected.
In brief, under the assumption of factorizable wave functions,
the time dependence of the black hole + detector
waves are given by eq. (\ref{PsiBHd}) in virtue of
eq. (\ref{CarT}). And eq. (\ref{photon}) follows from usual
Unruh boundary condition.
This last assumption also means that we postulate that the
near horizon fluctuations have no significant effect on
Unruh vacuum. One might indeed fear that
these fluctuations\cite{SORKIN,us} would destroy its characterization.
We are tempted to believe however that this is not the case.
First the recent body of works initiated by Unruh
on acoustic black holes\cite{dumbUnruh,dumbus}
pleads in favor of this belief. In these
works indeed, it was shown that there is an adiabatic decoupling between
the low energy physics governed by the surface gravity
and the high energy regime. This explains why modifications
of the dispersion relation at high frequencies affect neither
the low energy properties of Hawking radiation nor the
characterization of Unruh vacuum. That this
also applies to the case of near horizon fluctuations
is the subject of current work\cite{FP}.
The second hypothesis concerns the transition amplitudes.
To obtain them, one should incorporate
the interaction Hamiltonian, eq. (\ref{hinter}),
in the Wheeler-DeWitt constraint,
represented here by eqs. (\ref{const}) and (\ref{CarT}).
To first order in $\gamma$, the modified propagation
is expressed in terms of matrix elements of this Hamiltonian
sandwiched by the free wave functions, as usual
for first order in the Born series.
This is also true when working with the solutions of the
Wheeler-DeWitt equation\footnote{
In fact the derivation of eq. (\ref{sssu}) closely follows that
of transition amplitudes in quantum cosmology
as performed in \cite{wdwpt}.
In both cases the wave functions appearing in matrix elements
are WKB solutions of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation
which govern free propagation.
Another useful analogy is provided
by the Unruh effect\cite{U}.
In that case, the given trajectory (which plays the role of the
classical geometry in black hole physics)
is replaced by WKB waves
in order to take into account recoil effects\cite{bfa}.}.
Thus to first order in $\gamma$ and up to
an overall factor, the transition amplitude is given by
\begin{eqnarray}
{\cal{B}}_{g\to e + \omega}
&=& - i \gamma
\int d \Theta \
\langle \Psi_{BH+e} | \langle \Psi_{\Phi_\omega} |
\left[ \hat \Phi( R ,\Theta) |e\rangle \langle d
| \right] | \Psi_{BH + g }\rangle |0_U\rangle
\nonumber\\
&\simeq& -i\gamma \int d\Theta \ e^{-i ( S_{BH + e} -S_{BH + g })}
\times e^{-i S_{\omega}}
\label{sssu}
\quad .
\end{eqnarray}
In the second line, we have written the phase factors in terms
of the action of the black hole + detector system and that of
the radiation field.
This is to emphasize that only differences of actions appear in the
integrand. Indeed, in the first factor, the action of the black hole
alone cancels
and one is left with the difference
due to the change in the detector's state.
Similarly, in the second factor, $S_{\omega}$ is the change in action
of the radiation field due to the insertion of the field operator
at $R, \Theta$. Using the stationary character of the states for
the first factor and Unruh boundary condition for the second
lead to eq. (\ref{exp}) and hence to our central result eq. (\ref{ratio}).
To obtain further insight about eq. (\ref{sssu}), it is interesting to
show how it gives back the conventional amplitude
$B_{g\to e + \omega}$ obtained in a given background,
see eq. (\ref{gtoe}).
To recover this expression, it suffices to evaluate the difference in actions
appearing in eq. (\ref{sssu}) to first order in the energy change:
\begin{eqnarray}
S^{BH + det. + \Phi}_{fin}(\Theta) -
S^{BH + det. + \Phi}_{in}(\Theta) &=&
\omega \partial_\omega S_{\omega}(\Theta) + (E_e - E_g)
\partial_{E_{det.}} S_{BH+det.}(\Theta)
\nonumber\\ &=& \omega U_K(\Theta) +(E_e - E_g)t(\Theta)
\quad .
\end{eqnarray}
In deriving this, we have first used the splitting of the total
action discussed above and then Hamilton-Jacobi
equations. Indeed,
$U_K$ is conjugate to the frequency $\omega$
and $t$ to $E_{detector}$.
It should be stressed that this recovery of
the background field phases in the
limit of small energy differences is a generic
feature\cite{bfa,clbfa,suh2}:
Whenever one takes into account a neglected heavy degree of
freedom (here gravity), describes it by WKB waves and expands the
resulting expressions for light transitions
to first order in the light change, one
recovers the usual background field expressions in which
the heavy variable is treated classically.
Moreover this first order expansion ``commutes''
with the integration over $\Theta$. Thus it could equally be carried
out {\it after} having performed the $\Theta$ integration. In this second
form, one is expanding the exponential governing
transition rates, eq. (\ref{ratio}), to first order in $E_e -E_g$.
In this one recovers the first law of black hole mechanics.
This shows that the first law is nothing but the
Hamilton-Jacobi equation applied to the Euclidean sector
in the absence of conical singularity:
\be
\partial_{E_{det.}} S^{Euclid.}_{BH+det.} = \partial_{E_{det.}}
(A/4)\vert_{M_{ADM}} = - 2 \pi / \kappa \, .
\ee
In view of the generic character of these features,
it<|fim_middle|>and the trajectory of the shell satisfies
\begin{eqnarray}
dv &=& 2 {dr \over 1 - 2 M(\lambda ) / r_{sh}}
\quad ,\nonumber\\
v(r_{sh}) &=& 2 r_{sh} + 4 M(\lambda ) \ln (r_{sh} - 2M(\lambda )
)\quad .\label{t2}
\end{eqnarray}
As in the previous section it is a appropriate to introduce a
dimensionless time parameter defined near the horizon. The light like
version of $\Theta$ is
\begin{eqnarray}
V=\kappa(\lambda )v = \Theta + \kappa(\lambda )r + {1 \over 2}
\ln (r-r_H(\lambda ))
\end{eqnarray}
where $\kappa(\lambda )= {1 \over 4M(\lambda ) }$ is the surface gravity and
$r_H(\lambda )= 2M(\lambda ) $ is the final radius of the horizon.
We shall also use as energy variable the area of the horizon
$A= \pi r_H^2(\lambda )$
rather then $\lambda $ because $A/8 \pi$ is the conjugate to $\Theta$
and to $V$. In
terms of these new variables the trajectory is
\begin{eqnarray}
V(r_{sh}; A)&=& \ln (r-r_H(A)) +2\kappa(A)r
\simeq \ln (r-r_H(A)) + O(r-r_H(A))\quad .
\label{Veq}
\end{eqnarray}
Close to the horizon the log dominates and the
trajectory is expressed only in terms of
quantities locally defined. Therefore this expression
characterizes radial
trajectories near all event horizons. As an illustration of this
universality one easily verifies that
for a charged non
extremal black hole, the trajectory near the horizon also takes the
form $V \simeq \ln (r-r_H)$ wherein the surface gravity
does not appear. As in the former Section, we make the hypothesis that
the near horizon fluctuations do not alter the analytical behavior
of this trajectory.
In order to obtain the modes characterizing the quantum propagation
of this shell we need its action. To obtain the action one could start
from scratch, that is from the Einstein-Hilbert plus matter
action and extremise it. This is the path followed in
\cite{KW1,KW2}. However, since we know the trajectories we can use a short
cut to obtain the Hamilton-Jacobi action, see also \cite{KK}.
Since the inside geometry is static, $A$ is a constant of motion. Therefore
the action can be written as
\begin{equation}
S(r, V; A) = {A V \over 8 \pi} + f(r,A)
\end{equation}
where $f$ is the Maupertuis action, that is $\partial_r f= p$ is the
momentum of the shell.
The classical trajectory follows from stationarity of $S$ with respect
to $A$, $\partial_A S = 0$. In the present case it implies
that $\partial_A f =- {V(r;A) / 8 \pi}$
where $V$ is given by eq. (\ref{Veq}).
After integration from $A$ to $A_0$, one obtains
\begin{equation}
S(r, V; A) ={(A - A_0) V \over 8 \pi}+
\int^{A_0}_{A}
{d \tilde A\over 8 \pi } \left( \ln (r - r_H(\tilde A)) +
{\kappa(\tilde A) r } \right)
- g(r_0) \quad .
\label{SS}
\end{equation}
$A_0$ is the
area of the horizon in the absence of shell, equal to $A_0 = 4 \pi
M^2_{ADM}$.
With this choice,
in the absence of the shell the action vanishes. This guarantees that
to first order in the shell energy $\lambda$ one identically recovers
the action of a massless particle in the background geometry (at this
order it can be taken to be either the inner or outer geometry).
Notice also that $A_0$ is larger then $A$ since the area of the horizon
decreases when a particle of positive energy is emitted.
We have also added an $r$ and $V$ independent integration constant
\be
g(r_0) =
\int^{A_0}_{A}
{d \tilde A\over 8 \pi } \left( \ln (r_0 - r_H(\tilde A)) +
{\kappa(\tilde A) r_0 } \right) \quad .
\ee
At fixed $A$ this function enables
the initial momentum $p_0$ to be fixed arbitrarily
and determine implicitly the initial radius $r_0$ or conversely to
fix $r_0$ and determine implicitly $p_0$.
Technically this follows from $\partial_{r_0} S = -p_0(A,r_0)$.
The action eq. (\ref{SS}) is well defined on either side of the
smeared horizon, that is for both $r$ and $r_0$ greater than $r_H(A_0)$
or both less than $r_H(A)$.
In each region, we can use it to
define (in the WKB approximation) the wave function of self
gravitating shells. For $r$ and $r_0$ greater than $r_H(A_0)$,
one has
\begin{equation}
\varphi_{\Delta A, +} =
e^{i S(V,r; \Delta A)}
\; \theta (r- r_H(A_0))
\quad . \end{equation}
This describes the classically allowed propagation of a shell outside
the horizon. Similarly we can define a wave function
\be
\varphi_{\Delta A, -}^* = e^{i S(V,r; \Delta A)}
\; \theta (r_H(A)-r)
\label{cccc}
\ee
living only in the region $r, r_0 < r_H(A)$.
These definitions are in strict analogy with
the wave functions $\varphi_{\lambda \pm}$ defined in
eq. (\ref{outmodes}) and reduce to them in the limit $\lambda \to
0$. In particular the complex conjugation in eq. (\ref{cccc}) arises
because behind the horizon $\Theta$ time runs backwards.
Notice that we did not write the prefactors of these waves.
To conform ourselves to second quantized rules, we should have
introduced prefactors such that the Wronskian be unity.
We shall not pursue this since the prefactors play no role
in what follows, i.e. the determination of the pair creation probability.
Between
$r_H(A_0)$ and $r_H(A)$ one needs a prescription to define the
logarithm. As explained at the end of section 2,
the definition of the action can be used to encode the Unruh boundary
condition.
The analytical specification imposes that the $\phi_{\Delta A, +} $ mode,
the analog of $\phi_{\lambda, +} $ of eq. (\ref{US}),
\begin{equation}
\phi_{\Delta A, +} =
e^{i S_U(V,r; \Delta A)}
\label{phiDA}
\end{equation}
be analytical and bounded in the upper half of the complex $r$ plane
at fixed $V$. This leads to the globally defined action
\begin{eqnarray}
S_U(r, V; A, r_0 > r_H(A_0)) ={(A - A_0) V \over 8 \pi}
\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad
& &\nonumber\\
+ \int^{A_0}_{A}
{d \tilde A\over 8 \pi } \left[ \ln | r - r_{H}(\tilde A) | + i\pi
\theta(r_H(\tilde A) - r) + O(r - r_{H}(\tilde A)) \right]
- g(r_0)\quad .& &
\label{SS2}
\end{eqnarray}
Thus as $r$ goes from $r>r_H(A_0)$ to
$r<r_H(A)$ the action acquires an imaginary
part equal to
\be
Im S_U = {A_0 - A \over 8}
\label{imsu} \quad .
\ee
This simple result is due to the fact that the log in eq. (\ref{SS})
comes with an $\tilde A$ independent weight.
As emphasized after
eq. (\ref{Veq}) the origin of this independence follows
from the universal form
of light like outgoing trajectories near a future
horizon: $ V = \ln (r -r_H(A))$.
Therefore eq. (\ref{imsu})
universally follows from this behavior and
from Unruh's prescription for the analytical behavior of
the modes. This is the essential kinematical result of this section.
Using this result, we can write $\phi_{\Delta A, +}$ as the linear combination
\be
\phi_{\Delta A, +} =
\varphi_{\Delta A, +} +e^{-\Delta A / 8} \varphi_{\Delta A, -}^*\quad .
\ee
wherein only the relative weight of $\varphi_{\Delta A, +}$
and $ \varphi_{\Delta A, -}^*$ has meaning, c.f. the above discussion
about the normalization of the Wronskian.
In section \ref{two}, the technique of Bogoljubov transformation
enabled us to identify the square of the ratio of the weights of $
\varphi_{ +}$ and $\varphi_{ -}^*$ with the probability to emit a
pair, see eq. (\ref{eqex}). In the presence of backreaction,
the same relation still holds for rare and energetic events.
Thus we obtain
\be
P_{\Delta A} = e^{- 2 Im S_U} = e^{- \Delta A /4}
\label{grres}
\ee
in place of eq. (\ref{eqex})
and in agreement with eq. (\ref{ratio}) and \cite{KK}.
This result can probably be generalized to rotating holes
and to cosmological or acceleration horizons. But this will require that
one refines the procedure so as to take into account
the transversal directions. We hope to return to this
problem.
It should be stressed that the
justification of the identification of $e^{- 2 Im S_U}$
as the transition probability
is more delicate in the presence of backreaction
than in the free field theory. This point is discussed
below.
\vskip .3 truecm
{\bf Discussions}
\noindent
To prepare the discussion, it is appropriate to
compare our treatment with the original derivation of
KKW\cite{KW1,KW2,KK}.
A first difference with the calculation of KKW is that
we use $A, V$ instead of $\lambda,t$ as energy and time
variables. The passage from one to the other is straightforwardly
implemented by using the $\lambda$-dependent
Jacobian $dA/d\lambda$ in the action. The advantage of
using the $A, V$ variables from the start is that it is then manifest
that the result for the probability of emission $P = e^{-\Delta A/4}$
is no accident, but follows from the universal form of classical
trajectories near a horizon.
A second difference is that
KKW work with fixed black hole mass $M$ and with a varying
ADM mass $M+ \lambda$. In an empty geometry,
this can be shown to be mathematically
equivalent to working as we do with a varying black hole area
and fixed ADM mass. However as discussed in section \ref{boundary}
the second description reflects better the physics of the
emission process wherein the black hole
loses energy to the radiation while the mass at infinity stays constant.
Then, when working at fixed ADM mass, the time at infinity cannot be
used to parameterize the propagation of the shell, see \cite{PW}
for a general proof of this super-selection rule. Thus, as in Section 4,
it is through the $\Theta$ (or $V$) dependence
that one recovers the notion of evolution.
For non empty geometries, we conjecture that it will be mandatory
to work with a varying horizon area, i.e. to use the variables $A, V$
to parameterize the process.
Thirdly we have implemented the Unruh boundary condition on
the area eigenstates $\phi_{\Delta A, \pm}$ through
the analytical behavior in $r$ as it goes from one side of the
horizon to the other.
In \cite{KK} instead, the Unruh boundary
condition is implemented by fixing the initial momentum
$p_0= - \partial_{r_0} S$ at $V=0$. These two procedures are
equivalent. Indeed, in both cases, the definition of
$\ln(r-r_H)$ in the action is obtained by imposing positive frequency in
$i\partial_r$ across the horizon.
The boundary condition of fixed large positive momentum $p_0 \gg \lambda$
also shows the relation with the approach
of section \ref{SProb}. Indeed the action of a self gravitating shell with
initial constant momentum $p_0$ can be shown\footnote{
This is obtained by replacing the equation for the trajectory near the
horizon
$V = \ln { r - r_H(A) \over r_0 - r_H(A)}$ in the equation for the
momentum
$p = \int_A^{A_0} {d \tilde A \over 8 \pi } {1 \over r - r_H(\tilde
A)}$
to obtain
$p = p_0 e^{-V}$. Integrating the
Hamilton-Jacobi equation $\partial_r S = p$,
one finds $S_{p_0} = p_0 r e^{-V} + F(p_0,V)$ where $F$ is an $r$
independent integration constant. Then imposing that on
the equations of motion the
action be stationary with respect to variations of $p_0$, one finds
eq. (\ref{actionp0}) with $\partial_{p_0} h(p_0) = r_H(r_0, p_0)$.}
to be
\be
S(r,V)_{p_0}=[ p_0 r + h(p_0)] e^{-V}
\quad . \label{actionp0}\ee
The assumption of KKW that in the presence of backreaction modes have
the form $\phi = e^{i S_{p_0}}$ is therefore equivalent to the
assumption made in section \ref{SProb},
see eq. (\ref{photon}), that the wave function of
particles in Unruh vacuum is proportional to
$e^{iC \omega e^{-\Theta}}$ at constant $r$.
We now turn to the delicate question of identifying twice the
imaginary part of the action
to go from one side of the horizon to the other with the (log of the)
probability to emit a pair.
In addressing this question one faces a double problem. First,
due to gravity,
the emission process is no longer linear.
Indeed when two shells of energy $\lambda$ are emitted,
their action is not twice that of one particle.
Therefore, probabilities for multi-particle production
are no longer obtainable from those for single particle emission as
they are in a linear field theory.
This means that the machinery of Bogoljubov transformations
no longer applies. The second problem is due to the use of
WKB approximations for the wavefunctions which
are given in terms of the action of a {\em single} shell. Because of
this we
are certainly not in a position to describe multi-particle effects,
that is higher order effects in the tunneling amplitude $e^{-Im S_U}$.
We shall now sketch how one can deduce, to
leading order in $e^{-Im S_U}$,
the probability of particle production from the properties
of the wave functions, without resorting to Bogoljubov transformations.
To present our method, we
first return to the analysis in the absence of
backreaction and consider the following matrix element
\ba
{\langle 0_{U}| \int d\tilde v e^{i \lambda \tilde v}
\Phi(R=+\infty,\tilde v)
\Phi(r,v) |0_U\rangle
\over \alpha^2_\lambda }
&=&
{\langle 0_{U}| a_{out,\lambda +}
\Phi(r,v)
|0_U\rangle
\over \alpha^2_\lambda }
\nonumber\\
&=&{ \phi_{\lambda +}^*(r,v) \over \alpha_\lambda} =
\varphi_{\lambda +}^*(r,v)
+ {\beta_{\lambda} \over \alpha_{\lambda}} \varphi_{\lambda -}(r,v)
\label{phi*} \quad .
\label{rat4}
\ea
When
$r>2M$, it has a simple interpretation.
It is the amplitude for an out-particle created at $(r,v)$ to be
found at ${\cal I}^+$ with energy $\lambda$. This is a classical
process governed by the action $ \int_{r}^{+\infty} dr'
p_\lambda (r')$ where $p_\lambda = 2 \lambda/( 1 - 2M /r)$ is the classical
momentum of the particle. The normalization
has been chosen so as to describe one out-particle,
i.e. to have a unit current (Wronskian) for $r>2M$.
In a linear field theory this normalization can be calculated exactly
and is given by the
factors of $\alpha_\lambda$, see eq. (\ref{US}).
It is thus proportional to $1 + O(e^{-2\pi \lambda/\kappa})$.
For self-gravitating shells, this
normalization might be different
but will remain proportional to $1 + O(e^{-2Im S_U})$.
When $r<2M$, this matrix element has also a simple interpretation
because $\Phi(r,v)$ and $a_{out,\lambda +}$ commute.
It defines the amplitude for a pair to be
emitted by the black hole. Indeed, it
defines the transition amplitude from $ |0_U\rangle$ to the state
$\Phi(r,v) a^\dagger_{out,\lambda +} |0_U\rangle /\alpha^2_\lambda$.
One member of the pair is outside the
horizon and has energy $\lambda$, the other is behind the
horizon at $(r,v)$.
>From this we deduce that
the probability $P_\lambda$ to create a pair is given by
the current $\beta^2_\lambda / \alpha^2_\lambda $ carried by
$\phi_{\lambda +}^*/ \alpha_\lambda $ for $r<2M$.
This expression for $P_\lambda$ can in turn be used to show how
$P_\lambda$ can be expressed in terms of the classical action.
Recall that the prescription for
defining the Unruh mode $\phi_{\lambda +}$ for $r<2M$
is such that its phase, i.e. the action $\int p_\lambda dr$, is
obtained by analytically continuing $r-2M$ in
the upper half complex plane at fixed $v$. This fixes
the ratio of the amplitudes $\phi_{\lambda +}$ on each
side of the horizon. Thus the probability $P_\lambda$
is given by
\be
P_\lambda = {
|\phi_{\lambda,+}(r>2M,v)|^2 \over |\phi_{\lambda,+}(r<2M,v)|^2}
= e^{-2 Im
\int_{r<2M}^{r>2M}dr' p_\lambda (r')}
= e^{- 2\pi \lambda/\kappa}
\label{nR}
\ee
Note that both the normalization $\alpha_\lambda$
and the relativistic prefactors $(4 \pi \lambda)^{-1/2}$ cancel in this ratio.
This follows from the fact that $P_\lambda$ is given
by the ratio of the currents carried by $\phi_{\lambda,+}$ on each side
of the future horizon.
Upon taking into account the gravitational backreaction,
the above argument still applies if two conditions are met.
First the WKB approximation of the wave functions must be
valid. This guarantees that we can use the classical action to evaluate
the relative amplitude of the Unruh modes on each side of the horizon.
Secondly, the wave function of the total system, black
hole + radiation field, must be (approximatively)
factorisable\footnote{When
the shell is very close to the horizon,
this factorization probably breaks down
because of its momentum $\partial_r S$
($=p_\lambda (r)$ in a given background)
is arbitrary large (trans-Planckian) since it diverges.
In the presence of backreaction,
the new momentum $\partial_r S_U$ diverges logarithmicly
as $r \to r_H(A)$, see eq. (\ref{SS2}).
However, once $\partial_r S_U$ is much smaller than the Planck mass,
the factorization should apply. The crucial point is the
existence of an {\it intermediate} region in which the
log is dominating the action $S_U$, this requires $\partial_r S_U
\gg \lambda$, and in which the factorization applies, this
requires $\partial_r S_U \ll M_{Planck}$. In this region, the
usual analytical characterization of Unruh vacuum still applies\cite{Teddy}
and this is {\it sufficient} to obtain eq. (\ref{grres}).
It is interesting to notice that the same logarithmic behavior
(in an {\it intermediate} region) also explains
the absence of modifications to Hawking radiation when one
mutilates the dispersion relation\cite{dumbUnruh, dumbus}}
into the wave function of the shell times the rest.
Both require that the energy of the shell be large,
i.e. $\lambda /\kappa \gg 1$.
In quantum mechanics such a factorization is a good
approximation whenever there is a hierarchy in
the degrees of freedom: very heavy
degrees of freedom that can be treated in the WKB approximation (the
nuclear degrees of freedom in the case of a Rydberg electron orbiting
an atom or molecule, the radius of the
universe in quantum cosmology, the black hole in the present case);
moderately energetic degrees of freedom
that can also be treated in the WKB
approximation (the Rydberg electron, heavy matter in cosmology,
rare energetic particles emitted by the black hole); and degrees of
freedom that must be treated quantum mechanically (the inner electrons,
the other matter degrees of freedom in cosmology, less energetic
particles emitted by the black hole).
The very heavy and the moderately
heavy degrees of freedom
propagate semi-classically in the mean potential due to the other degrees of
freedom (for a detailed treatment of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation
in a dynamical context, see \cite{DTK} for atomic physics and \cite{WDW}
for cosmology). Moreover, the probabilities of the rare quantum
transitions of the moderately energetic degrees of freedom can be obtained
from the sole properties of their wave function.
The reason is that
the wave functions of both the heavier and the lighter degrees cancel
out from the bra-kets which represent transition amplitudes.
An illustration of such cancellations is given in eq. (\ref{sssu})
where only the difference in actions
due to the process itself enter in the transition amplitude.
In brief, when both conditions are met,
the former analysis performed in the
linear theory applies. This guarantees that to first order in
$e^{-Im S_U}$, eq. (\ref{grres}) is correct. This is also
what has been adopted in \cite{KW1,KW2,KK}.
\section{Conclusion}
Let us further discuss the hypothesis we made.
First we
supposed that, in the presence of backreaction, physics in the
neighborhood of a black hole is described by
the total action $S_{gravity + matter}$.
Second we supposed that the wave function of the total system
factorizes into a piece describing the emitted particle
and the rest describing the black hole and the other
matter degrees of freedom. Finally we supposed that the wave functions
governing heavy degrees of freedom could be approximated
by a WKB form.
The first hypothesis may seem completely evident,
but one must recall that there are scenarios, such
as the brick wall model of 't Hooft, in which it is not necessarily
true. Furthermore a recent critique of the KKW model\cite{critique}
does not recover eq. (\ref{R}) because its matter model does not derive
from an action principle. The validity of the last two hypothesis was
discussed at the end of the preceding section and in \cite{KW2}.
Upon making these hypothesis one finds that the probability of the
black hole of emitting a particle of energy $\lambda$ is given by
\begin{equation}
P_{M \to M - \lambda} = N(\lambda, M ) e^{- \Delta A (\lambda, M) /4
} \ .
\label{R2}
\end{equation}
We have emphasized the universal validity of this result by
giving two different derivations. Its importance lies
in two facts. First it provides statistical foundations to
black hole thermodynamics since it applies to every quantum emission
and since it is governed by the
induced quantum change (i.e. the recoil) of the horizon area.
But, because we have not identified the microcanonical states, and
because we work in a WKB approximation, it is only valid in a
mesoscopic sense discussed below.
Secondly since the derivation of eq. (\ref{R2}) also
applies to any quantum emission arising in the presence of an
event horizon, this statistical interpretation is also valid
for all event horizons.
To appreciate the first fact, let us
recall that the first law\cite{WALDBOOK} of black hole thermodynamics
is a purely classical result which is obtained
by comparing two slightly {\em different} solutions
of Eintein's equations. On the other hand Hawking's derivation
of black hole radiation is obtained by quantizing
a matter field in a {\em given} geometry. Thus, there is no
a priori reason why these two results obtained in so different
settings should be related or even compatible.
It turns out however that they are consistent with each other
and this is the basis for the successful thermodynamics of black
holes.
The origin of this complementarity can be easily understood
from the ``improved'' derivation of Hawking radiation
presented here. Since energy conservation is implemented from the start,
one takes into account the change of the black hole geometry
due to the emission itself and one finds that the emission probability
is governed by a difference of matter+gravity
actions $S_{m+g}(final) - S_{m+g}(initial)= \Delta A/4$. From
this macrocanonical result
one recovers the canonical distribution found by Hawking by
expanding this difference to first order in the energy
change $\lambda$.
In the same way the first law is also obtained in \cite{CT}
by this expansion.
It is therefore a mathematical necessity that they be consistent.
The other important aspect of eq. (\ref{R2}) is that
it indicates that
black hole thermodynamics is not only valid in the mean
(in the sense of a large ensemble of processes) but that it applies
to every quantum mechanical process.
Recall that
quantum mechanics predicts that ratio of the
decay rate to the absorption rate of
the same quantum is proportional
to the ratio of the number of final to initial micro--states
(at least when the interaction Hamiltonian can be treated as a
constant). When this is the case,
eq. (\ref{R2}) leads to the identification
\be
\Delta A/4 = {\mbox{the change of the ln of the nbr. of horizon states}}\ .
\label{ent}
\ee
Moreover, since eq. (\ref{R2}) also applies to quantum emissions
near all event horizon, { \em eq. (\ref{ent}) also applies
to all event horizons}.
The universality of this identification invites three
comments\footnote{As an additional point, recall that Hawking
radiation enlarged the domain of validity of
the generalized second law to
processes where the black hole temperature can be treated as a
constant\cite{UW}. We conjecture that eqs. (\ref{R2}) and (\ref{ent})
can be used to enlarge its domain of validity
to situations in which the canonical approximation breaks
down, both for black holes and other horizons.}.
Firstly, it leads to the notion of
entropy density\cite{Teit3, C} per unit horizon area. Indeed,
when considering local creation processes rather than
global ones described by $s$-waves, the change in area
is local\cite{HHR} in the transverse directions $x^i_\perp$.
This means that a finite and localized set of horizon states
are affected by the process.
Secondly, since eq. (\ref{ent}) applies to acceleration horizons,
i.e. to near vacuum configurations having entropy
measured by inertial means that can be very small,
one is lead to conclude that
$A/4 $ determines the number of states {\it available} to the
(accelerated) system in contact with the event horizon, i.e. with its heat.
If this is the case, it implies that the black hole area
should be viewed as a measure of the entropy accessible
to the external world\cite{PP2,jac}. How to define its `actual'
entropy and whether this latter will still be given by $A/4 $,
as is found for extremal black holes in string theory,
\cite{calmad} are important questions.
Thirdly, it should be stressed that
the identification expressed by eq. (\ref{ent})
says nothing about the microscopic nature of the degrees
of freedom which constitute the states of event horizons entering in the
transition amplitudes we computed. All we can say is that when
the three hypothesis we made are valid, the number of horizon states
{\it must} obey eq. (\ref{ent}). Therefore, eq. (\ref{ent})
must be conceived as a universal {\it mesoscopic}\cite{vanK, SORKIN2} result,
somehow intermediate between the classical laws of thermodynamics
and the ultimate theory of quantum gravity.
\vskip 1. truecm
{\bf Acnowledgements}
The authors would like to thank Roberto Balbinot and Ted Jacobson for
enjoyable discussions. They also thank the referee and
R. Brout for their criticisms which helped to clarify the manuscript.
S.M. is a ``chercheur qualifi\'e du FNRS''. He
would like to thank Utrecht university where part of this work
was carried out.
\vskip 1. truecm
| is clear that our analysis also applies to charged or rotating
holes (see however the remark made after eq. (\ref{Umodes}))
and to cosmological or acceleration horizons.
Indeed all that is required is the evaluation of the
phase factors entering eq. (\ref{sssu}). In this expression,
the second factor $e^{i S_\omega }$ presents no
difficulty: it always encodes vacuum conditions
as one crosses the future horizon.
The first factor is more delicate since it requires
to solve Einstein's equations driven by the
energy of the detector. However in the case
of static Rindler like situations, the on shell action
gets its contribution only from the surface term
at the horizon. Moreover, since only differences
appear in transition amplitudes, eq. (\ref{sssu})
also applies to the accelerated cases. Indeed even though the
area of acceleration horizon might be infinite,
the change in the horizon geometry
due to a finite change in the matter energy distribution
is finite and well defined, see \cite{HHR}
for an explicit computation.
In particular, it is local in the transverse directions $x^i_\perp$
when the change in the matter energy distribution
is localized. This leads to finite and well defined
changes in on-shell actions for the gravity--detector system
which furthermore gives back the conventional
background field result when linearized in $\Delta E_{detect.}$.
\section{The KKW model}\label{secKKW}
In the previous calculation the change in area was due to the change
of the detector state. However the existence of a detector
is not intrinsic to black hole radiation: the detector was only used
to reveal the existence of the quanta of the radiation field.
Therefore we seek for an intrinsic derivation of
black hole radiance in which the change in area is
due to the emission process itself.
In this description, the change in area
plays the role of the energy of the
emitted quantum in Hawking's derivation.
To this end, we must introduce a model for the emitted quanta
which takes into account the deformation of the gravitational
background.
The simplest model is that of KKW\cite{KW1,KW2,KK} in which
one makes the hypothesis
that in the semi-classical limit and at high frequency the particles
are described by self gravitating spherically symmetric light-like shells.
The starting point of the KKW model is the
situation analyzed in \cite{israel}. It describes the entire spherically
symmetric space time, solution of Einstein's equations,
which results from the propagation of a light like shall.
By Birkoff's theorem, both
outside and inside the shell the geometry is Schwarzschild.
As in section \ref{SProb} we shall take the outside mass $M_{ADM}$
to be fixed whereas inside the residual mass $M(\lambda ) =
M_{ADM} - \lambda$ depends on $\lambda$,
the energy of the emitted shell
measured at $r=\infty$.
In both geometries the shell follows an outgoing light like geodesic,
see \cite{israel}.
In what follows we shall use only the inner metric to describe the
trajectory, the action and the wave function of the shell.
This choice will be justified after having presented
the results.
Inside the shell, in Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates the metric is
\begin{eqnarray}
ds^2= -(1 - {2 M(\lambda ) \over r})dv^2 + 2 dv dr + r^2 d\Omega^2
\end{eqnarray}
| 783 |
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The Many Adventures of Winn<|fim_middle|>1959)
Kronk's New Groove (2005)
Mickey's Christmas Carol (1983)
Pooh's Heffalump Movie (2005)
Oliver & Company (1988)
Winnie the Pooh (2011)
The Great Mouse Detective (1986)
The Rescuers Down Under (1990)
Flubber (1997)
Fantasia (1940)
Return to Never Land (2002)
Blank Check (1994)
Fun and Fancy Free (1947)
The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996)
Mickey's Twice Upon a Christmas (2004)
Peter Pan (1953)
The Shaggy D.A. (1976)
Lady and the Tramp II: Scamp's Adventure (2001)
Make Mine Music (1946)
Home on the Range (2004)
The Black Cauldron (1985)
The Rocketeer (1991)
Mickey's Once Upon a Christmas (1999)
The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause (2006)
Hocus Pocus (1993)
Lilo & Stitch 2: Stitch Has a Glitch (2005)
The Reluctant Dragon (1941)
A Goofy Movie (1995)
Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971)
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How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000)
How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (1966)
A Charlie Brown Christmas (1965)
Up (2009)
The Lion King (1994) | ie the Pooh
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Animation Musical Rated: All (G)19771h 14mOn: Disney+ Tags: Cartoon Disney Friendship Country: America
Whether we're young or forever young at heart, the Hundred Acre Wood calls to that place in each of us that still believes in magic. Join pals Pooh, Piglet, Kanga, Roo, Owl, Rabbit, Tigger and Christopher Robin as they enjoy their days together and sing their way through adventures.The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh featuring Sterling Holloway and John Fiedler is streaming with subscription on Disney+, available for rent or purchase on Google Play, available for rent or purchase on Prime Video, and 3 others. It's an animation and musical movie with a high IMDb audience rating of 7.6 (35,040 votes).
Where to Watch The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh
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Gopher (voice)
Bruce Reitherman
Christopher Robin (Honey Tree) (voice)
Jon Walmsley
Christopher Robin (Blustery Day) (voice)
Timothy Turner
Christopher Robin (Tigger Too) (voice)
Sebastian Cabot
Ralph Wright
Eeyore (voice)
Roo (Honey Tree and Blustery Day) (voice)
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Roo (Tigger Too) (voice)
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Kanga (voice)
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Owl (voice)
Available to stream on a popular subscription service (Disney+).
Available to rent or buy from $2.99 on 5 services (Google Play, Prime Video, Microsoft & 2 others).
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The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh has a high IMDb audience rating of 7.6 (35,040 votes). The movie is popular with Reelgood users lately.
Stream More Movies & Shows Like The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh
The Sword in the Stone (1963)
The Rescuers (1977)
The Aristocats (1970)
Piglet's Big Movie (2003)
The Three Caballeros (1944)
Winnie the Pooh: Springtime with Roo (2004)
The Fox and the Hound (1981)
Bambi (1942)
One Hundred and One Dalmatians (1961)
Winnie the Pooh: A Very Merry Pooh Year (2002)
Sleeping Beauty ( | 625 |
20th Annual St. Anthony Hospital Trauma Symposium. A full day offering covering a wide range of trauma related topics and CE opportunities for EMS providers, nurses, physicians/advanced practice providers.
The full day symposium will include Keynote speaker<|fim_middle|> be cancelled by March 15, 2019 for a full refund. No refunds will be given for cancellations after that date. | , John Holcomb, MD, Trauma Medical Director and Chief Division of Acute Care Surgery for Memorial Hermann Hospital in Houston. The day continues with panel discussions and educational breakout sessions covering trending topics in EMS, acute and specialty care. Then to wrap up a day of interactive learning, all attendees are invited to a celebratory reception with guest speakers, former Flight For Life nurse, Dave Repsher and his wife Amanda.
Registration includes continental breakfast, lunch, snacks and cocktail reception.
Registrations must | 100 |
A new market research study has recently been published by Transparency Market Research and made available on the company's website. The research study, titled "Smart/Intelligent Sensors Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast 2013 - 2019," offers a comprehensive analysis of the market, focusing on the growth prospects and opportunities. As per the research study, in 2012, the global smart/intelligent sensors market was worth US$9 bn and is projected to reach a value<|fim_middle|>3 and 2019. The product segmentation, challenges, key geographical segments, and vendor analysis of the global market for smart/intelligent sensors also form a part of the research study.
Smart/intelligent sensors have been gaining traction in the last few years, owing to their diversely functional properties. The growing applications of these sensors is yet another key factor driving the global market. In addition, the current trend of surveillance and security and the increased adoption of sensors in the healthcare sector are further projected to augment the growth of the market. The development of smart cities and large projects harnessing power from several non-conventional sources of energy are some of the major opportunities for the key players operating in the next few years.
By geography, the global market for smart/intelligent sensors has been categorized into Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, and Rest of the World. In 2012, Europe dominated the market, accounting for a 34% share in the global market for smart/intelligent sensors. The rapid growth of this region can be attributed to the growing healthcare standards and improving infrastructure here. The fast-paced growth of smart/intelligent sensors has encouraged several prominent automobile manufacturers, including Renault, Audi, and BMW, to establish their base in this region, driving the growth of the market.
Europe is followed by North America, which is projected to exhibit rapid growth owing to frequent replacements of electronic devices and the increasing demand for advanced features. In addition, the growing demand for advanced medical equipment to enhance the overall healthcare facilities is projected to augment the growth of the market in North America in the next few years. Furthermore, the increasing use of smart/intelligent sensors in diverse applications such as industrial, infrastructure, and avionics is anticipated to contribute substantially towards the growth of the market.
By product type, the global market for smart/intelligent sensors has been classified into touch sensors, image sensors, smart temperature sensors, smart pressure sensors, and smart position. On the basis of application, the global market has been categorized into automotive, avionics, medical, industrial, food and beverage, infrastructure, and others. The research study provides size, share, and statistics, and forecast for each segment to give a clear picture of the global market for smart/intelligent sensors.
Furthermore, the research study offers a competitive scenario of the global market for smart/intelligent sensors and presents a comprehensive vendor analysis. Detailed profiles of the prominent players operating in the global market for smart/intelligent sensors have also been included in the research report, focusing on the products offered, business policies, financial overview, SWOT analysis, and recent development and news if any.
The leading players mentioned in the research study include Robert Bosch GmBH, ABB Ltd., Oceana Sensor Technologies, Eaton Corp., Siemens AG, Analog Devices, Inc., Invensys plc, Emerson Process Management, Meggitt Sensing Systems, Delphi Automotive LLP, Custom Sensors & Technologies, Inc., Yokogawa Electric Corporation, and Honeywell International, Inc. | of US$21.60 bn by the end of 2019. The market is expected to register a healthy 12.20% CAGR between 201 | 41 |
In Memorium: Alan Landsburg
Posted on August 16, 2014 by TOC Admin
Alan Landsburg, a founding board member of TOC who served a total of ten years on the board – three as Chairman – passed away August 14. He was 81.
An owner of Thoroughbred racehorses for over 30 years, Landsburg also served as commissioner and Chairman of the California Horse Racing Board and as a member of the National Thoroughbred Racing Association Board of Directors.
Landsburg, a native of White Plains, NY, was a well-known television writer, producer and director. He was founder and CEO of the Landsburg Company and was involved in producing more than 50 movies of the week. His many credits also include "Biography," hosted by Mike Wallace, for which he wrote, directed and/or produced 65 episodes; National Geographic specials; "The World of Jacques Cousteau;" and "In Search of…" was hosted by Leonard Nimoy.
Landsburg was a strong and devoted advocate for Thoroughbred owners. Through the years, he shared a wealth of knowledge, not only of horseracing but of the communication, marketing and entertainment industries. His legacy includes numerous educational videos that he produced for both TOC and the CHRB, and the TOC Owner Handbook that he created and co-wrote, which is still in wide use today.
He recognized the need for medication reforms, which he believed went to the heart of racing's integrity. He made better testing procedures and stiffer, more quickly applied penalties a top priority during his board tenure.
Always an eloquent and outspoken champion for owners, he once said, "Protecting owner interests is the fundamental reason for TOC's existence. We do not violate that trust in any part of California's racing community… TOC is the watchdog that does more than growl at the gate. When necessary, we step forcefully forward to prevent attempts to instigate abusive racing rules, dates allocations, or industry objectives that only serve self-interests and short-term profiteers."
"Alan was one of the dedicated founders of our organization," said TOC board member Jack Owens<|fim_middle|> continued, "TOC was founded by collectively a phenomenal group of people. It's really sad to have Alan pass, as have some of the other founders. What they did for racing was just amazing."
In a bittersweet parting speech at the 2007 retirement dinner in his honor, Landsburg said, "I leave you with a vision of better times coming to you. And I leave you with a simple charge. Turn the sport around, so that the glow of its energy can light the imaginations of another generation. And wherever I am, I will be cheering for you."
Category: Uncategorized Tags:
← Pablo Suarez Retires from TOC Board
Del Mar Futurity to Top Closing Day → | , who served on the board with Landsburg for many of the early years. "He supported the TOC throughout his career in horseracing, including the time he was a CHRB commissioner. He is an example of how the organization has drawn really remarkable people as directors."
Drew Couto, a founding board member and later TOC president, said: "We owe Alan a huge debt of gratitude. He devoted an incredible amount of time in the service of California Thoroughbred owners. During his tenure, the board was galvanized as a result of his leadership and strength of conviction." Couto | 122 |
The Labyrinth: Finding Your Center
Categories News, OLLI
The labyrinth is an ancient wisdom tool used for meditation. The oldest labyrinth design, the Classical Labyrinth, is 4,000 to 5,000 years old. It can be found in many cultures around the world. The path follows a circular design<|fim_middle|> 'outside world' with whatever insight or inspiration you have gleaned."
The labyrinth is open for walking and meditation on specified dates and is free to the public. During these sessions, Chris is available to answer questions. Those who participate will leave with a better understanding of the history and general knowledge of the labyrinth, along with resources for finding nearby labyrinths.
"Most of all, they will leave with a sense of peace, acknowledging our oneness — yet uniqueness — on our journey in life. They will leave with a sense of being touched in some way," Chris said.
Tag:instructors, olli
Daytime Offerings Available for Healthcare Courses | and allows those walking to meander while being led to the center.
Several years ago, Chris Beam, a certified, Veriditas-trained Labyrinth Facilitator, introduced this course to OLLI students and also facilitates several labyrinth walks throughout the year for the KSU community and the public. Veriditas is a non-profit international organization whose mission is to "inspire personal and planetary change and renewal through the labyrinth experience." They support labyrinth facilitators around the world by promoting a further understanding of the labyrinth as a tool for personal and community transformation.
"The labyrinth is also a metaphor for your journey in life, in the present moment," says Chris. "Only the participant, the walker, knows what that metaphor is for them."
She said the labyrinth is seen as a powerful meditation tool. Meditation in general clears the mind and allows the voice within to be heard. It can reduce stress and has overall benefits to many aspects of health, including reducing high blood pressure. Some may even use the Labyrinth as a source of fun for children to run within it.
Walking the labyrinth clears the mind and engages the right brain where one may receive impressions, creative inspiration, allowing you to become a receptacle for the divine. "Once someone is in the labyrinth it allows for the noise of the day to fade away the closer to the center they get," Chris said. "Once you reach the center, you spend as much time there as you would like, and then return to the | 297 |
« The structure of global climate models
An April snow depth? »
Madden-Julian and snow
By Gerg, on April 29th, 2015
Also see: Madden-Julian and snow #2
The Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) is a fairly regular eastward-propagating pulse of equatorial cloud and rainfall affecting our region, named after the two US meteorologists who identified it in the 1970s. It usually repeats about every 30 to 60 days. While the effect is mostly tropical, it does correlate with our alpine snow in some phases, in ways that may be useful for long-range forecasting.
MJO is described in terms of an intensity ("amplitude") and location ("phase"). The phase locations look like this (linked images; click for sources):
MJO phase vs cloudiness¹
(negative OLR anomalies — blue)
Approximate MJO phase regions²
The long record of amplitude looks like this:
There is no obvious long term trend or periodicity. Amplitudes less than 1.0 are treated as "weak", meaning little MJO effect (cutoff line shown — not a trend line). For amplitudes greater than one, the correlation with winter precipitation in south-eastern Australia is noticeably positive in phases 5 and 6 and negative in phase 2 (barely) and phase 3 (linked BOM image; click<|fim_middle|> on the MJO this season. Remember, we want the top-right quadrant.
Cassou, Christophe. "Intraseasonal interaction between the Madden–Julian oscillation and the North Atlantic oscillation." Nature 455.7212 (2008): 523-527.
Donald, Alexis, et al. "Forecasting with the Madden-Julian Oscillation and the applications for risk management." Proceedings of the 4th International Crop Science Congress (ICSC 2004). 2004.
That is the commonest form of red-green colour blindness, affecting about 1 in 8 males. They probably won't be able to distinguish phases 1, 2 and 3 from 4, 5 and 6 in the palette I've used. | for source):
The correlation is relatively strong with the season peak snow depth at Spencers Creek (midway between Perisher Valley and Thredbo, from Snowy Hydro Limited):
Spencers Creek MJO correlation
Unfortunately the MJO is not predictable on any sort of moderate time horizon, so that correlation is not useable in my season prediction model. The recent amplitude-phase MJO record is as follows (apologies to the deuteranopics³):
There was a major spike of MJO activity in March — mostly in phases 7 and 8 way out in the Pacific, which may have prodded the developing El Niño. It's a long while since we've seen strong MJO phases 5 or 6 in winter; perhaps we're overdue.
The Australian Bureau of Meteorology of course tracks MJO closely. They plot the recent MJO record somewhat confusingly on a rotary phase or "path" plot, like this (linked chart will update; click for source):
The position around the chart gives the phase (the numbered sectors) and the distance from the centre gives the amplitude. The centre circle is at amplitude 1.0, so positions within it indicate weak MJO activity. At the moment the MJO is very quiet.
I'll be keeping a slightly closer watch | 264 |
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John Smith's and the University of Birmingham
MISSING GIRL, THE
PAPERBACK BY QUINTANA, JENNY
A stunning debut thriller, The Missing Girl by Jenny Quintana is a gripping novel full of twists and turns, and a desperate hunt to solve a decades-old mystery. Anna Flores was just a child when her adored teenage sister disappeared. Unable to deal with the pain, Anna took the first opportunity she had to run from her fractured family, eventually building a<|fim_middle|> than the truth. Isn't it? 'A captivating mystery at heart but also a poignant study of grief, loss and the unbreakable bonds of family . . . A triumph.' - Caz Frear, author of Sweet Little Lies. | life for herself abroad. Now, thirty years on, her mother has died, and Anna must return home to sort through her possessions. In doing so, she has to confront the huge hole her sister's disappearance left in their lives, leaving just one question unanswered: what really happened to Gabriella? Because not knowing is worse | 65 |
The new year is here, but for me, it doesn't have the same feeling to it as Christmas. For me, Christmas conjures up images of spending quality time with the family, good tidings and presents. New Year's is associated with awkwardly looking for a kiss at midnight and my drunk uncle Sam. Safe to say this doesn't have the same sense of magic to it. But this year I was determined to do something with the event and had a party, something which I never do.
It was not a compulsory family gathering where I make small talk to a far-removed cousin about the bike he got for Christmas (despite not even knowing his name), and get told once again by my granny that I've "gotten awful tall" since she last saw me (which was five minutes earlier, before I left the room). Instead, I invited most of my friends, bought drinks and food and got balloons and the like for that celebratory touch. Why? I finally realized I've got to make the<|fim_middle|> a result of just making the effort to form plans and I've gained a foreign sense of fulfillment from volunteering in the city (which sounds clichéd, I know, but so are action movies -- doesn't make them any less enjoyable). I even found the inspiration and drive to write this article in my newfound productivity.
I often find myself humiliated when I'm asked, "What did you get up to over the holidays?," and I reply with an explanation of my varying sleeping patterns and a story about getting leg cramp from my desk chair. I guess I'll now be more interesting company during these conversations.
The problem today is that there are too many distractions to lead us away from our passions, like Facebook, Twitter and cat videos, to name a few. With school starting again soon, and then exams coming up soon after, we should all make an effort to make the most of our time free from burdensome work. If you love to read, aim to finish a certain number of books on your days off. If, like myself, writing is your passion, find some motivation to start writing and get your writing out there.
By making the most of time off you'll feel more ready to get back to work and hopefully avoid at least one type of awkward conversation (but trust me, there will always be another one to enjoy). | most of the free time I have.
Usually I would sit at home for hours on my XBox before realizing I'd spent a whole day screaming at virtual players on a TV screen, losing a bit of my sanity and a lot of my dignity in the process. With the end of the Christmas break drawing closer, I feel I should make up for my lack of activity during past holidays.
This mindset has undoubtedly altered my experience of the last few weeks. I've already enjoyed lasting memories with friends as | 100 |
Located in the United Kingdom, Astoria Studio is widely recognized as one of the most respected recording studios in the world. Owned by David Gilmour of Pink Floyd, Astoria has served as recording venue to some of the most renowned recording artists in the music industry. Anyone familiar with the state-of-the-art production values on Dark Side Of The Moon, Wish You Were Here, Animals, The Wall, Momentary Lapse of Reason, The Division Bell, and David Gilmour in Concert 2002 DVD, can appreciate the meticulous nature with which the Pink Floyd albums are put together. Astoria Studio's principles are renowned for reviewing every aspect of their recording chain continually. It was this perfectionist approach that led Astoria to seek out and implement Shunyata Research's Hydra power distribution systems, PowerSnakes power cables and Aeros Series signal cables to their state-of-the-art recording equipment. Astoria's principle engineers actively endorse Shunyata Research products to other studios and mastering engineers and have paved the way for may subsequent Shuny<|fim_middle|>ata products to dealers, distributors and customers without qualification and has become a close industry partner. | ata studio applications.
We conducted a series of listening test to both the Shunyata cables and the HYDRA power conditioner. Our comparison point included both standard mains cables and other esoteric cables. We found that both the Shunyata cables and the HYDRA gave the best results by some margin.
We were particularly impressed with the sense of phase coherence that Shunyata products delivered, giving noticeably better imaging, depth and clarity. We tried many different areas of our signal path, all benefited. With digital sources it was almost as if we had switched from 44.1k/16 bit to 96k/ 24 bit. We now run all our analogue machines, workstations and the mixing console from the Shunyata equipment.
Leon Shaw's store Audio Advice in Raleigh North Carolina is known throughout the high-performance electronics industry as one of the most exclusive and professionally managed and staffed stores in the US — and possibly the world. The care and attention to detail they have taken in building their store and selecting their product lines is evident even at a glance. US home theater and electronics retailers look to Audio Advice as the paradigm of a successful high-performance entertainment business. Everything from lavish living-room-lifestyle interiors to personalized customer service, to the most sought after high performance products on the market make Audio Advice one of the home entertainment industry's most respected dealerships. Audio Advice's meteoric rise and sustained success have been featured and documented in many trade publications. They are regarded as the example, the model for others to follow in establishing a successful retail business within the home-entertainment industry. The sales staff of Audio Advice independently evaluated Shunyata Research products in 2002. The response from the sales team in the store was unanimous. None had experienced power distribution products that performed with such consistently positive results. Audio Advice's exceptional support and sales over the past six years remains one of Shunyata Research's proudest and most reflected upon accomplishments. Customers who purchased Shunyata products through Audio Advice have uniformly praised their experiences.
All of us at Audio Advice have been impressed with Shunyata Research since our first experience with the Hydra and PowerSnakes cables in 2002. Our initial tests demonstrated marked improvements in image definition and clarity, frequency extension as well as a more natural sound. As time passed, Shunyata have proven their expertise by not only continuing to produce quality products, but also fundamentally improving and refining their performance. We strongly recommend Shunyata Power products to our clients seeking the finest performance from their audio/video systems.
Audio Connection is unquestionably New Jersey's oldest and most respected high-performance audio-video retailer. Owner John Rutan spent many years carefully selecting the most exclusive and sought after electronics lines on the market. Audio Connection only considers supporting the finest performing products in each category and carefully screens out products that do not come with blue chip distribution, support and performance as their strengths.
Audio Connection was told about Shunyata Research products by several electronics manufacturers and entertained a complete system trial. The results were so overwhelming that Audio Connection is now the exclusive New Jersey dealer for Shunyata products. Audio Connection has a well earned place in the US as one of Shunyata Research's finest dealers.
Audio Research is arguably the United States oldest and most respected manufacturer of high-performance tube electronics. Their award-winning products and dominant design history have set long-standing benchmarks for performance and value. The breadth of Audio Research product lines are almost incomparable, setting a consistent quality and high-performance standard few companies can aspire to.
Audio Research uses Shunyata wire for signal in all of their highest level reference products. All signal path conductors for their reference level products are provided by Shunyata Research.
The sales and research team at Audio Research are well known for their perfectionist approach to assembling reference and trade-show systems. Audio Research conducted exhaustive comparative evaluations with Shunyata products in 2005. They continue to use a broad combination of Shunyata Research power and signal products as references within their top performing test, exhibit and studio systems.
What began 15 years ago as a maverick high-end retail operation has turned into the Bay Areas' premier high-performance audio and video retail establishment — one any manufacturer of high-performance home entertainment products would love to have as their regional retailer. Located in the heart of San Francisco, Audio Visions represents the core tenets of what makes the best high-end industry's retail stores a success — great personal service, a never ending passion for music and a true commitment to value in serving their customers best interests.
Audio Vision's principle owners and sales team were referred to Shunyata Research products by electronics manufacturers Balanced Audio Technology and Bel Canto, both of whom use and endorse Shunyata products. After extensive in house testing and comparisons Audio Visons quickly became and remains one of Shunyata Research's favorite and most active US retailers.
An acknowledged leader in the design and manufacture of two-channel and multi-channel electronics, Balanced Audio Technology has achieved a standard of quality and success most companies only hope for. Their entire line boasts multiple awards for design integrity, performance and value. From humble beginnings, Balanced Audio Technology has built their solid reputation through design innovation, superior customer service and product build quality.
Partners Victor Khomenko, Jeffrey Poor and Steve Bednarski use Shunyata Research products within their listening and test studios, as well as at dealers and at trade-exhibits. The principle partners recommend Shunyata Research products to dealers and customers alike world wide.
Digital electronics manufacturer Bel Canto Design's John Stronczer is one of the sharpest engineering minds in the business. Bel Canto first put the industry on notice by introducing digitally based amplifier and source electronics that offer superlative performance matched with unheard of value. Bel Canto's multiple professional and media awards for performance and innovation speak eloquently to the success of their designs and top-quality manufacturing process.
President and CEO John Stronczer has adopted Shunyata Research products as in-house power-line references for use with Bel Canto's full line of electronics, and recommends them to customers and dealers.
Upon casual inspection, one might wonder whether Look Out Sound Studios was named after its scenic Montana surroundings or its astounding recording facilities. An overview of Lookout's principal mastering and playback systems will make the name far less ambiguous. Look Out owner Brett Allen spared no expense in assembling the finest Direct Stream Digital recording systems and playback equipment in the world. Look Out utilizes the state-of-the-art Genex DSD hard drive systems, as well as the Solid State Logic 9048K XL, the top 5.1 analog mixing console in the world. Look Out sports the finest recording, mastering and playback equipment, including multiple pairs of Wilson Audio's Statement speaker systems, the X2 Alexandrias. Halcro amplification and digital playback systems from Meitner labs complete Look Out's monitor and playback systems. The name Look Out is obviously intended to serve notice that reference-quality recording and mastering is alive and well in Montana.
Look Out's Bret Allen was referred to Shunyata Research power-systems by the principals of Halcro, Wilson Audio and VTL, who use Shunyata products within their own testing and playback systems. After extensive tests and comparisons, Look Out Studios purchased an entire series of Shunyata Research power-system products based on the performance they offered within recording and playback systems.
We are using various Shunyata products to further our quest for the best signal path in tracking, mixing, and mastering. The HYDRA MODEL-2 and HYDRA MODEL-6 on various vintage guitar amps and vintage analog keyboards have made a world of difference in clarity and punch. We are using the PYTHON line for our 24-track tape machine, DACs, tube preamps, and tube microphone power supplies. On the power amps we have the TAIPAN line. Again I have noticed more definition in the transients. Overall I think that Shunyata products are an integral part of taking the critical listening system to the next level.
Easily one of the most complete and lavish film and recording studios in the world, SkyWalker Ranch needs little introduction. SkyWalker Sound is the division of SkyWalker Ranch responsible for all audio, sound-effects, post production audio, IMAX sound and multi-format audio.
SkyWalker sound has garnered 14 Academy Awards since its inception, as well as multiple media awards for quality and sound innovation. SkyWalker Sound is also a complete scoring and recording studio that records renowned artists such as Amy Grant, Herbie Hancock, Faith Hill and countless others.
Principal recording and scoring engineers Tim McGovern and Clayton Wood evaluated Shunyata Research's products within their scoring and recording systems, and found them to dramatically reduce noise and buzzing that was obvious prior to the Shunyata application. SkyWalker Sound is now using Shunyata Research products within their scoring stages and playback/testing systems.
We first put the HYDRA to test on a monitor system that had problems with noise and clarity. The result was less noise with an improvement in overall sound quality. We now use the HYDRA's on our Model 2 converters, AES router and main monitor system consisting of B&W 802 speakers and Chord Amps.
Constellation Audio is renowned in Australia and around the world as a leader in quality amplifier and audiophile components.
Quite a few high-end audio companies are built around one talented engineer. To surpass the work of these companies, we knew we would need not one extraordinary talent, but many. Thus, we sought out the greatest names in audio engineering and industrial design-the creative minds behind many of history's greatest audio products. Each member of the team contributes his level of expertise in the service of developing the Constellation Audio brand.
Located in Hollywood, California, Crest National is one of the largest music and film industry studio chains in the United States. Crest National consists of motion picture film labs, digital restoration services, DVD authoring and design, editing, sub-mastering and media encoding, among a host of other professional services. They are a partner of Philips International and remain one of the world's top providers of DVD Audio and CD replication. Due to their exceptional reputation and prolific manufacturing capability, Crest National was selected by Philips to be the only United States SACD replication plant.
Crest National's fanatical dedication to quality control led them to construct a state-of-the-art 5.1 channel quality control playback studio. Crest spared no expense to obtain the finest electronics from Halcro (amplifiers), Meitner Labs (switching controls) and Eggleston Works (speakers). Based on the recommendations of top studio executives and mastering engineers, Crest sought out an evaluation of a complete Shunyata Research power and signal cable system. At the conclusion of their testing, Crest purchased Shunyata Research's entire system of power and signal distribution products, and commented on the significant impact Shunyata products had on the resolution of their state of the art system.
I've run out of words to describe the effect Shunyata Research has had on the SACD experience in our studio. From the mass and quality of the HYDRA power distribution center with it's dynamic openness, the clarity gleaned from the ANACONDA ALPHA/ANACONDA VX, and the direct detail obtained from the interconnects and speaker cables. Shunyata Research has put a very positive signature on Crest National's, Hollywood reference listening experience.
Audio Concepts has been Dallas' premier high-end home entertainment retailer for over 25 years. They are one of the most sought after dealers in Texas because of their exceptional reputation, strong product lines and years of experience. Competition among manufacturers to earn a place for their products within Audio Concepts is fierce. Very few products are selected in each category because the store prides themselves on carrying only the very best products.
Shunyata products were recommended to Audio Concepts by one of the industry's finest electronics manufacturers, Audio Research. After running exhaustive trials at home and in the store, Shunyata products were adopted as the store's power distribution references. The obvious performance benefits they offered within the Audio Concepts finest systems have made Shunyata Research products a favorite demonstration at the store.
Since 1983 DMP has been producing the finest quality recordings for jazz lovers and audiophiles alike working with seminally gifted, but under appreciated musicians. In a world of over compressed and over processed recordings, DMP's live-minimalists recording approach captures critical nuances and natural dynamics using the most direct and pristine electronic signal path possible. The result is a refreshing and honest representation of great musicians playing music together in the same room at the same time.
I have been very skeptical of power related tweaks above and beyond good basic engineering practices like wire sizing, proper grounding and good solid connections. That said I tried to be open to the merits of the Shunyata approach regarding power management. After living with various power cables, outlets and HYDRA AC distribution systems for several months while working on my DMP Archive Project, I can honestly say that Shunyata Power Systems do contribute to a more solid, focused and accurate sonic picture.
Tom Jung, President of Digital Music Products Inc.
Focal Loudspeaker products have garnered their incredible reputation through continuing innovations in driver design and through their obsessive commitment to research, development and quality craftsmanship. The Focal factory in France has become one of the world's most complete facility for the testing and design of loudspeakers, drivers and exclusive parts that are manufactured and supplied to countless other companies. As a result, Focal has earned many awards for performance and innovation from all over the world. After extensive trials and comparisons, Focal engineer Dominic Baker has adopted Shunyata Research HYDRA's and power cables as references for both his own and Focal's testing and reference studio systems.
Minutes outside of Boston Massachusetts, Goodwins is one of the industry's oldest and most respected audio/video dealerships. Owner Alan Goodwin and his staff have one of the Northeast's largest and most lavish showroom spaces at their disposal. Their staff's collective experience, knowledge and superior customer service earned them their Legend status as one of the most accomplished and professional retailers in the business. It took four years and multiple visits for Shunyata Research to earn an opportunity for a product evaluation at this venerable retailer. The wait proved worthwhile as Goodwins has become one of Shunyata Research products most outspoken advocates, and our exclusive Massachusetts retailer.
In our reference rooms, Shunyata Research HYDRA's and HELIX power cables have removed noise and increased music involvement to astonishing levels!
Memory Technology is the largest CD/DVD manufacturer in Japan and one of the largest in the world, with over $100 million annual sales. Memory Technology is part of the largest trading firm in Japan, and also owns and runs music and video production companies.
Memory Technology became aware of Shunyata Research products through Japanese Music Industry contact Maiko Nagae. After critical evaluations were performed, Memory Technology ordered Shunyata Research power-system products for use in their top testing and production systems.
Meridian is one of the most respected manufacturers of digital electronics and speaker systems in the world, and has demonstrated the superiority of their products in both the professional and consumer markets. Meridian products have earned their place at the finest audio-visual dealers in the United States for a reason — the unparalleled value and technology contained within their complete audio-visual systems.
Meridian-America was exposed to Shunyata Research products through mutual dealers, and requested an evaluation. After performing extensive testing, Ken Forsythe and the principles of Meridian-America determined that Shunyata Research products profoundly improved the performance of their reference and test systems. Meridian-America now recommends and endorses Shunyata Research products for use within all of their systems.
Appropriately located within a Historic Landmark building in Austin Texas, Ne Plus Ultra is true to its name. Only the most exclusive, top performing products in the high-end audio market need apply. Owner Casey Mckee has invested his 30 years of high-end retail experience into one of the country's only dedicated high-end two-channel music and sound stores. Ne Plus Ultra places an extreme emphasis on personalized customer service, home system set up and one of the world's finest audio showrooms. Ne Plus showcases and displays a select and inspiring collection of the most coveted and respected electronic and speaker lines on the market.
Despite significant skepticism, Casey Mckee was convinced to evaluate Shunyata Research products in 2003. After multiple trials in some of the most expensive systems, all skepticism was removed. Ne Plus Ultra has been using, endorsing and selling Shunyata Research products as part their recommended reference systems for the past five years.
To put this into context, I am a trustee of the Philharmonic Orchestra of New Jersey. I have played several instruments and now frequently listen to live jazz and classical instrumental and vocal performances. My goal in a stereo system is to reproduce the actual performance and its environment as closely as possible. I am a skeptic about power cords (and other wirey stuff) and I rely on my ears to tell me what is real.
So I plugged the Shunyata power cords (TAIPAN's and COPPERHEADS's) into my system, put on a choral disk and sat back anticipating the effort that may be required to hear any subtle difference they might make. I was shocked with amazement. It took no more than listening to the first few bars of the opening chorus to hear the dramatic difference in sound quality these power cords allowed within my system. I tried another disk, same impact, then another, same impact… and they were not even broken in yet.
Here is what I heard: The most dramatic effect was an improvement in transduced acoustics. Previously I heard vocal or musical instruments that sounded excellent but were missing something relative to a live performance experience. Now I heard harmonic depth within and between voices and instruments that provide the richness and stage presence of a live performance. Now the individual voices and instruments interact with one another as in real life. Now I easily heard the small echoes, reverberations and other cues (some people call this inner detail) associated with a live performance space that were previously absent. The speed of dynamic changes in percussion instruments (attack) were also improved to better resemble a live performance.
All in all, the system now produces an audio hologram that much more closely approximates a live performance. Thanks for your recommendation of this excellent product.
Owner Terry Menaker's reputation as one of the most discerning high-performance film and sound system retailers in the United States is well earned. His store, Overture Audio, represents only the most exclusive and credible lines of electronics in the market. With lines like Wilson Audio, Audio Research, Spectral, B&W and Macintosh it is obvious Overture has its pick of the market in each product category. In 2005, Shunyata Research products were carefully evaluated and compared before being selected as the premium high-performance power distribution product line for the entire store. Shunyata Research products continue to enjoy that exclusive position today despite intense competition from countless similar lines trying to find a retail home at one of the finest and most sought after stores on the east coast.
Adding Shunyata Research HYDRA and power cords to our reference system was a revelation in improved performance! Amazing products for both audio and video!
Peter McGrath is widely recognized as one of the most accomplished recording engineers working in the world today, with a resume of recordings and top recording artists dating back some thirty years. Peter also manages the east coast sales division for premier US speaker manufacturer Wilson Audio.
Peter McGrath thoroughly tested Shunyata Research's HYDRA power products and found them to significantly enhance the resolution of his playback and recording test systems. Peter continues to use Shunyata's HYDRA products in both his home and with his recording work. He considers them indispensable to achieving the best sound possible.
Considered Canada's premier mastering facility, Lacquer Channel works with many of the world's most renowned recording artists, including U2, Bryan Adams, Holly Cole and many others. These top artists sought out Lacquer Channel because of their reputation as Canada's most well-equipped and professional recording and mastering facility.
Lacquer Channel mastering engineer Phil Demetro discovered Shunyata Research products through a local dealer, and discovered that the HYDRA and POWERSNAKES products significantly improved the resolution of their mastering and playback systems of which they are now a permanent part. Lacquer Channel actively recommends Shunyata products to their contacts in the mastering and recording industries.
After trying numerous top shelf brands of power distribution and IC's for my mastering facility, only the Shunyata Research HYDRA's and PowerSnakes remained as a vital part of my signal path and playback system. It's never been so easy to achieve the great sound that I have been striving for — I no longer have to reach for my equalizers to find space for the details that I now have in spades. Lower noise levels let me get deeper into a mix without sacrificing power to my equipment. No anemic sounds here! Just music that always sounds right. I want to re-master my whole discography now!
The reputations of Mastering Engineers Doug Sax and James Guthrie are beyond reproach.
They are two of the most prolific and sought after mastering engineers in the recording industry, and their body of work is legendary.
Doug Sax's work includes recordings by James Taylor, Pink Floyd, Dire Straits, Alison Kraus, Diana Krall, Linda Ronstadt, Tom Waits, Aaron Neville, Chris Isaak, Ray Charles, Chet Atkins and countless others. James Guthrie's resume is no less impressive, having been credited with work on 6 Pink Floyd albums and dozens of popular recording artists. James and Doug learned of Shunyata Research's products through David Gilmour's Astoria recording studio in the United Kingdom. After listening and recording with Shunyata Research products, both Guthrie and Sax were so impressed that they installed Shunyata products into their Sonoma digital mastering chain. Shunyata Research products were most recently utilized at Guthrie's Das Boot Studio for the re-master of Dark Side of the Moon on Sony's SACD format.
As studio owners, we are regularly exposed to numerous 'quality enhancement products' and have naturally become cautious and very selective; you rarely achieve an audible improvement without somehow adversely affecting another element in the audio chain. We have been using Shunyata power cables at my studio for some time now. Careful placement of the cables has resulted in reduced distortion, improved clarity, better low level detail and richer 3-dimensional depth in the soundstage. The ANACONDA PowerSnakes, for example, have transformed our Sonoma system, used during the mastering process for the new 5.1 mix of 'The Dark Side of The Moon'. I look forward to trying the HYDRA AC distribution next. Highly recommended.
As a multiple Grammy winning music producer of recording artists such as Tom Petty, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Johnny Cash, Jay Hawks, Neil Diamond, Public Enemy and many others, Rick Rubin has earned his reputation as the most versatile and gifted producer working in the music and recording industry.
Rick Rubin encountered Shunyata Research products in many rooms at the CES trade exhibits in 2004, and inquired about an evaluation. After extensive testing and comparisons, Rick adopted Shunyata Research's products for use in his home listening, testing and recording systems. Rick remains one of the most outspoken advocates for Shunyata Research products within the studio and recording community.
Shunyata Research power cables and interconnects made a remarkable difference in my reference system. The PowerSnakes power cables added effortless muscularity, control and wide-open clarity to the amps driving my speakers. These are not subtle tweaks. I would guess the amps sound 15 percent better — a far bigger difference than any speaker cables have made and in many cases, as unbelievable as it may seem, a greater improvement than changing the whole front end. I could not recommend them highly enough.
Sony Music in New York is one of the United States most respected recording, mastering and post-production studios. Sony Music's Mastering icons Vlado Meller and Steven Epstein thoroughly tested Shunyata Research products with their Recording and Mastering systems and were immediately impressed with the significant reduction in background noise. Both Vlado Meller and Steven Epstien have since added Shunyata Research products as a part of their mastering and sound check systems.
I have personally evaluated the HYDRA power conditioning system along with your PowerSnakes power cables. I was very impressed with the results. Shunyata Research products are now part of my equipment set up. Especially, with my 2 track tape machines, the sound with your system was definitely more transparent and clear. I would highly recommend Shunyata Research products to any professional audio/video facility.
The name says it all. At the very top level within Sony Music recording and mastering labs, no one is more exacting, more obsessive about sound and performance than the men in charge of their recording and mastering labs. Everything must be perfect, and cost is no object when it comes to recreating music and sound that is true to life. The top Japanese executives from Sony Music were exposed to Shunyata Research products during James Guthrie's re-mastering of Dark Side Of The Moon for SACD at Guthrie's Das Boot Studio. Mastering engineers Guthrie and Doug Sax endorsed Shunyata Research products to the principle executives from Sony Music, and facilitated the loan of Shunyata products for testing within Sony's Mastering systems. After lengthy testing, a series of Shunyata Research power-system products were purchased for use in Sony Music's mastering facilities. All music mastered within Sony Music's Japanese facility is now being mastered using Shunyata Research power-system products.
The city's longest running home-entertainment store, Stereo Unlimited, is nestled in the heart of downtown San Diego. Owner Bruce Hiemburg will agree that his custom install business has grown over the years, and that sales of home theaters are brisk, but clearly his, and the store's heart and soul remains committed to the faithful reproduction of music and all its forms. The store even commits significant retail space to vinyl LP's so that music enthusiasts can relax, listen to music and look over thousands of available LP releases.
Needless to say, Stereo Unlimited is extremely selective about which product lines they support and it shows. Their line list reads like a who's who of great analog, digital, tube and solid state electronics brands.
Because of the store owners 30 years of experience and technical background it took no more than a brief look over Shunyata Research's product range and their technology to convince him to become a new dealer for Shunyata Research back in 2002. Stereo Unlimited has remained one of Shunyata Research's most committed and best selling retailers ever since.
Recognized the world over as one of the most respected high-end audio authorities, Stereophile has a group of writers that represent a majority of the most experienced critics covering high-end audio products.
Editor John Atkinson, columnist Michael Fremer and writer Wes Phillips represent what people in the high-end industry would term 'household names' in audio journalism.
Renowned Columnist Michael Fremer discovered Shunyata Research products in 2002 and has been using them as his references for power distribution ever since. Given the sheer volume and variety of products that go through any writers' system in a year, this is an accomplishment of almost unprecedented proportion.
Professional Stereophile writer and reviewer Wes Phillips also discovered Shunyata Research's system of products in 2002, and has adopted them as his long running references for over five years, and countless reviews.
Due to the resounding success of Shunyata Research products with more than six current and former Stereophile writers, Shunyata Products earned multiple Accessory of the Year Runner Up Awards, as well as the coveted Recommended Component listings.
Fine layers of noise and haze vaporized with the Shunyata gear feeding my equipment!
The HYDRA Model-8 is an amazing product!!
Every power amp I plugged into a HYDRA sounded noticeably better than when plugged directly into the wall — wow!
Stephen Epstein is one of the most recognizable names in the professional recording industry. His stellar talents are showcased with Classical recording legends such as Yo Yo Ma, Wynton Marsalis, Isaac Stern, Itzhak Perlman, Placido Domingo and countless others. He has earned a near record total of 12 Grammy awards, 6 for Classical Producer of the Year.
Stephen became aware of Shunyata Research products because of fellow record producers and mastering engineer at Sony music New York, Vlado Meller. Stephen contacted Shunyata Research directly to inquire about an evaluation. The products performed as expected and Stephen purchased an entire power distribution system.
For many years, I've tried and tested power conditioners by major manufacturers with varying results. I'm pleased to say that I can now put my search for the elusive optimal AC conditioner to rest. The HYDRA MODEL-8 and HYDRA MODEL-2 power conditioners coupled with Shunyata's power cables have provided me with an extremely clean and transparent foundation by which I can check and approve test pressings with full confidence.
Credited by readers and music enthusiasts world-wide as the definitive critical journal for high end audio, The Absolute Sound's editorial vision is clear: select and commercially expose those products that they find in each category represents the "absolute" best in performance and closest to "live music".
With over 60 years of high-end audio experience between them, and as published professional authors, Editors Robert Harley and Jonathan Valin write and speak with ultimate authority when it comes to defining products that represent the finest in their class.
It's no surprise, that like their counterparts at Stereophile and SoundStage! magazines, Robert Harley and Jonathan Valin, use complete systems of Shunyata Research Power Distribution products as their long standing references. Shunyata Research products have earned multiple Editors' Choice and Product Of The Year Award accolades from this venerable high-end authority.
The Shunyata products are the most effective AC products I have had in my system.
They've become indispensable parts of my listening system, without which nothing sounds the same or as good.
Long regarded as the most influential, experienced and respected high-end critical journal on the internet, SoundStage! magazine has evolved into one of the most credible and definitive review magazines in all of high-end audio — world wide.
Editor-in-Chief Marc Mickelson, and Editor of SoundStage!'s "The World's Best Audio System" journal, Jeff Fritz, own evaluation systems that in the world of high-end audio, are arguably without peer.
After many trials and comparisons, both Editors selected Shunyata Research's entire system of products for use as their ongoing references. Among the host of awards bestowed upon Shunyata Research products from countless publications, Shunyata values its SoundStage! Reviewers' Choice and Innovation In Design Awards as much as any they have received.
Caelin Gabriel has made another distinctive product that makes a strong case for being the standard in power conditioning here and now.
The way my Shunyata powered system captured and reproduced the low-level resolution of my finest recordings was stunning!
Along with the New York Philharmonic, the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra is regarded as arguably the finest and most skilled group of musicians in the world. With multiple recordings to their credit and complete sound studios the Vienna Orchestra treat every portion of their performances and recordings with extreme care and attention to detail.
After learning of the reputation of Shunyata Research products throughout Europe and within other top recording studios, executive Peter Poltun sought out samples of Shunyata products for testing. Their results followed those of every other studio that has evaluated Shunyata Research products.
All of us associated with the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra are extremely pleased with the results gained from using the Shunyata Research HYDRA and power cords in our reference recording studios. These outstanding, musical products have enhanced our recordings and made it easier for our musicians to hear the detail of their instruments!
VTL has earned an impeccable reputation as a manufacturer of top quality, performance oriented electronics for over 20 years, both in the professional and Home Entertainment industries. Under the exclusive direction of Luke Manley and Bea Lam, VTL has evolved into one of the world's most sought-after lines of tube pre-amps and amplification products.
Company president and owner Luke Manley was exposed to Shunyata Research products in the VTL reference system at a trade show and expressed an immediate, favorable response to the application of Shunyata Research's power products. Luke and his wife Bea continue to endorse the use of Shunyata Research products with their electronics systems.
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Making ICU alarms meaningful: a comparison of traditional vs. trend-based algorithms.
Schoenberg R, Sands DZ, Safran C. Making ICU alarms meaningful: a comparison of traditional vs. trend-based algorithms. Proc AMIA Symp 1999;:379-83.
Much of the work in the ICU revolves around information that is recorded by electronic devices. Such devices typically incorporate simple alarm functions that trigger when a value exceeds predefined limits. Depending on the parameter<|fim_middle|> ten-fold increase in positive predictive value of alarms from 3% using monitor alarms to 32% using the module. The module's overall sensitivity was 82%, failing to detect 18% of significant alarms as defined by the ICU staff. The results suggests that implementation of such methodology may assist in filtering false and insignificant alarms in the ICU setting. | followed, these "boundary based" alarms tend to produce vast numbers of false alarms. Some are the result of false reading and some the result of true but clinically insignificant readings. We present a computerized module that analyzes real-time data from multiple monitoring devices using a customizable logic engine. The module was tested on 6 intensive care unit patients over 5 days, running alarm algorithms for heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as arterial oxygen saturation. Results show a | 97 |
ANDERS OSBORNE, KYLE HOLLINGSWORTH BAND feat.
With half a decade of his own beer festival under his belt, KYLE HOLLINGSWORTH--keyboardist of The String Cheese Incident and beer aficionado—returns his second annual Hoppy Holidays beer festival and concert to The Fillmore Auditorium in Denver on Saturday, December 5. Kyle will once again team up with the nonprofit organization Conscious<|fim_middle|> provide food and funding to impoverished communities across the nation this holiday season. Kyle's previous beer festivals have raised more than $70,000 to directly aid in this cause.
In the event's second year, Hoppy Holidays will feature performances from Anders Osborne, Kyle Hollingsworth Band featuring Jennifer Hartswick, John Brown's Body, an opening set from DJ Russo, plus beers from more than 30 craft breweries. Tickets go on sale this Friday (10/9) at 10am MT and can be purchased via www.KyleHollingsworth.com, www.AndersOsborne.com and www.JohnBrownsBody.com.
Tickets are $28.00 GA ADV and $30.00 GA DOS plus applicable service charges.
VIP Tickets are available for $60.00.
Thirty years ago, with a wealth of desire and incredible ability, Hollingsworth set out on a career in music. Today, as a versatile member of acclaimed jam masters The String Cheese Incident, Hollingsworth is revered by both peers and fans for his ability to write and perform in a mosaic of styles, from rock to classical, ragtime to bebop. Playing in SCI has bestowed on him the kind of fearlessness a composer needs to flirt with such disparate genres.
Since the inception of Conscious Alliance in 2002, the nonprofit has successfully collected and distributed enough food to provide over 1.6 million meals to people in need. This national 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization operates through ongoing, grassroots food collection, hunger awareness and youth empowerment programs throughout the United States, primarily by organizing food drives at concerts and music events. Donations to Conscious Alliance benefit America's local food pantries and economically isolated Native American reservations. | Alliance to help | 3 |
19 Technology 360 Degree Videos 360 Live Concert App Davy Knowles Live Videos News Videos
Davy Knowles and 1:9 Technology Announce the Release of Interactive 360 Live Concert, Virtual Reality App For Android and Apple Products
Blues guitarist Davy Knowles – dubbed the "modern-day Blues Man" has accomplished a lifetime of achievements at just 30 years old<|fim_middle|> from the app's home screen.
1:9 Technology's CEO, Tim Hogg said on the release: "There truly is nothing like this available on the market today. It's exciting to be at the forefront of the future of Virtual Reality in the entertainment industry." It will also be available for purchase on Vimeo, viewable on a desktop or in Virtual Reality through the Vimeo app. Future releases will potentially include Oculus Rift and Gear Virtual Reality compatibility."
Get a peek of the app at davyknowles360.com. It's available for downloads on Google Play for Android and in the iTunes app store for IOS.
To get a peek of the app, click HERE.
12:42 AM Natalie
Labels: 19 Technology 360 Degree Videos 360 Live Concert App Davy Knowles Live Videos News Videos | .
His music was selected to broadcast from Mission Control into space on the International Space Station. He has shared the stage and/or played alongside with countless legends including Joe Bonamassa, George Thorogood, Buddy Guy, Kid Rock, Joe Satriani, Warren Hayes, Jeff Beck, Chickenfoot, Sammy Hagar, Peter Frampton, The Grateful Dead and more. He was on the bill on Bonamassa's prestigious "Keeping The Blues Alive at Sea II" cruise. He produced and released a documentary called "Island Bound" featuring Martin Simpson, Richard Thompson and Peter Frampton. He was named a top 10 modern blues artist by Gibson Guitars. He appeared on CBS Morning Show and Jimmy Kimmel. He's had 3 top-5 Billboard Blues charted albums.
AND NOW, he has yet another amazing accomplishment to add to the list. Davy Knowles's new fully-interactive 3-D, 360/Virtual Reality concert experience app developed by 1:9 Technology was released this week. The app offers music fans the ability to watch, on demand, the entire Davy Knowles show recorded in 360 ° at Higher Ground in Burlington, VT.
A truly unique experience, the app can be used with google cardboard in 3-D 360 ° – or without in 2-D 360 °. A truly interactive experience, the user has the ability to select individual songs, or to watch a behind-the-scenes interview with the artist, allowing the user to be completely immersed in the experience. In app controls include Play, Pause, Return Home, or move to a particular spot in the video, giving full control to the user. For those who do not own a Google Cardboard headset or prefer to watch in 2-D 360 ° on their mobile device, a non-Virtual Reality mode option is available | 387 |
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The TS112W and TS115W are professional loudspeakers, equipped with all the connections you need to hook up using traditional cables. Whether you use them | 123 |
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Home > Programs > Master Mind
Program Profile: Master Mind
Evidence Rating: Promising - One study
Date: This profile was posted on October 09, 2018
This was a mindfulness education and substance abuse prevention program for fourth- and fifth-grade students, which was designed to build self-regulatory skills and reduce intentions to use alcohol or tobacco. This program was rated Promising. There were statistically significant increases in measures of executive functioning, social problems, and aggression. There were no statistically significant effects on attention problems and intentions to use substances.
Program Goals/Target Population
Master Mind is a mindfulness education and substance abuse prevention program, for fourth- and fifth- grade students (9 to 11 years old), which is designed to build self-regulatory skills and reduce intentions to use alcohol or tobacco. The goal of the program is to help children become more aware of their thoughts and feelings and resist reflective, impulsive reactions that could be harmful to themselves, such as drinking or smoking. This school-based prevention program provides children with skills and resources to effectively manage everyday demands and foster the growth of self-regulatory abilities and healthy decisionmaking.
The 4-week Master Mind program is delivered by teachers in a classroom setting for 15 minutes every day for 20 consecutive days. Each week consists of four lessons introducing new concepts and skills. The fifth lesson consists of practicing mindfulness lessons.
The program is divided into four sections, consisting of five lessons per unit for a total of 20 lessons. The first section, awareness of body, focuses on teaching children how to be more aware of their bodies and sensations, and on breathing. The second section, awareness of feelings, focuses on teaching children to become more aware of their emotions and how to appropriately express positive and negative emotions. The third section, awareness of thoughts, focuses on teaching children to understand how thoughts work and understanding that not all thoughts are facts. The fourth and last section, awareness of relationships, focuses on teaching children how to understand other people's behaviors and communicate with others, how to show compassion, and communicate in stressful situations.
Embedded within these four sections are five key program components: 1) mindful breathing, 2) mindful meditations, 3) mindful movements (e.g., developmentally appropriate yoga poses), 4) real-world applications, and 5) daily practice. While at school, children are guided through various audiotaped meditations to learn how to control their breathing. In addition, they are given the opportunity to participate in mindful movements (through yoga) to be more aware of their bodies and to achieve balance, stability, and strength. Certified adult instructors or school-aged child actors serve as instructors in the mindful yoga videos.
Children also participate in real-world application exercises that allow them to apply their new mindfulness skills to their own daily experiences. They are presented with hypothetical vignettes of fellow peers experiencing a problem, and as a class, use their new mindfulness skills to help solve the problems. In addition to practicing mindfulness daily in class, children complete daily exercises in student workbooks, outside of school.
Program Theory
The theory of change model underlying the Master Mind program suggests that mindfulness practice will 1) increase proximal outcomes, including attention, behavior regulation, and emotional regulation; and 2) will improve other more distal outcomes, including academic achievement and health decisionmaking such as the choice not to use cigarettes or alcohol (Parker and Kupersmidt 2016).
Evaluation Outcomes
Executive Functioning (Overall)
Parker and colleagues (2014) found that participants in the Master Mind intervention group had higher overall executive functioning skills at posttest, compared with participants in the control group. This difference was statistically significant.
In addition<|fim_middle|>/pmc/articles/PMC4821437
Achenbach T.M., and L.A. Rescorla. 2001. Manual for the ASEBA School-Age Forms and Profiles. Burlington, Vt.: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, and Families.
Diamond, Adele, W. S. Barnett, Jessica Thomas, and Sarah Munro. 2007. "Preschool Program Improves Cognitive Control." Science 318(5855):1387–92.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2174918/pdf/nihms-36247.pdf
Kendall, Phillip C., and Lance E. Wilcox. 1980. "Cognitive–Behavioral Treatment for Impulsivity: Concrete Versus Conceptual Training in Non-Self-Controlled Problem Children." Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 48(1):80–91.
Kupersmidt, Janis B., Tracy M. Scull, and Erica W. Austin. 2010. "Media Literacy Education for Elementary School Substance Use Prevention: Study of Media Detective." Pediatrics 126(3):525–531.
Parker, Alison E., and Janis B. Kupersmidt. 2016. "Two Universal Mindfulness Education Programs for Elementary and Middle-School Students: Master Mind and Moment." In Handbook of Mindfulness in Education. New York, N.Y.: Springer, 335–54.
Following are CrimeSolutions.gov-rated practices that are related to this program:
Universal School-Based Social Information Processing Interventions for Aggression
School-based violence prevention interventions that target social information-processing difficulties in students, aiming to reduce the aggressive and disruptive behavior of school-aged children. The practice is rated Promising for reducing aggressive behavior in school-aged children.
Evidence Ratings for Outcomes:
Juvenile Problem & At-Risk Behaviors - Aggression
Program Snapshot
Age: 9 - 11
Gender: Both
Race/Ethnicity: Black, Hispanic, White, Other
Geography: Rural
Setting (Delivery): School
Program Type: Classroom Curricula, School/Classroom Environment, Alcohol and Drug Prevention
Current Program Status: Active
Listed by Other Directories: Model Programs Guide | , participants in the intervention group had lower teacher-rated social problems at posttest, compared with participants in the control group. This difference was statistically significant.
Aggression Problems
Intervention group participants had lower teacher-rated aggressive behaviors than those in the control group. This difference was statistically significant.
There were no statistically significant differences in teacher-rated attention problems between students in the intervention and control groups.
Intentions to Use Alcohol or Tobacco
There were no statistically significant differences in the intentions to use alcohol or tobacco between students in the intervention and control groups.
Evaluation Methodology
Parker and colleagues (2014) used a randomized design to examine the effectiveness of the Master Mind program on changing executive functioning, social problems, aggression, and intentions to use substances (alcohol or tobacco) among fourth- and fifth-grade children.
Emails containing information about the research project and the Master Mind program were sent to elementary school principals and teachers in a rural public school system in a southeastern state. Participants were drawn from the two schools who showed interest in the study. One school was randomly assigned to the Master Mind intervention group, and the other school to the control group, which received the regular education curriculum. All students in the intervention classrooms took part in the Master Mind program; however, only students with parent consent and youth assent participated in the program evaluation. A total of 111 students participated in the study, with 71 students (30 boys and 41 girls) in the intervention group and 40 students (17 boys and 23 girls) in the control group. Students ranged in age from 9 to 11; the average age was 10. The intervention group participants were 64 percent white, 10 percent Hispanic, and 26 percent other. The control group participants were 74 percent white, 15 percent Hispanic, 12 percent black, and 23 percent other. Since one school had larger class sizes than the other, preliminary analyses were used to examine whether the randomization of schools produced approximately equal samples with regard to demographic characteristics. There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender, race, or ethnicity between the intervention and control groups.
Teachers and students in both schools participated in pre- and posttest data collection. Teachers completed pretest ratings on their students' behaviors in the classroom, while a member of the research team distributed and monitored students' completion of pretest questionnaires. Students also completed a brief computer task, called the Flanker Fisk task (Diamond, Barnett, Thomas, and Munro 2007). Students then received the 4-week program from their classroom teachers, with teachers filling out a daily fidelity checklist. Posttest data from students and teachers was collected in the same manner.
The following four main outcomes were evaluated: 1) executive functioning, 2) intentions to use substances, 3) behavior, and 4) emotion regulation. Executive functioning (inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and working memory) was measured using the Flanker Fisk task. Participants' intentions to use alcohol and tobacco was measured by a child self-report rating on the Intentions to Use Alcohol and Tobacco Scale (Kupersmidt et al. 2010). Participants' adaptive functioning and behavioral/emotional problems in the classroom were measured by teachers on the Children's Behavior Checklist–Teachers Report Form (Achenbach and Rescorla 2001). Cognitive and behavioral skills related to self-control were measured on the Self-Control Rating Scale (Kendall and Wilcox 1979). Main outcome analyses examined the effect of the intervention on the outcomes using hierarchical linear model analyses and mixed procedure analyses on SAS®. The study authors did not conduct subgroup analyses.
There is no cost information available for this program.
Implementation Information
Teachers in the Master Mind program received a teacher manual containing 20 scripted lessons and additional instructional resources. In addition, teachers participated in an 8-hour training session, conducted by the program developer, to become familiar with the principles of mindfulness and the main components of the program. Teachers completed a posttraining survey to test their knowledge of the program material.
Implementation fidelity and feasibility were measured through observations conducted across the Master Mind intervention classrooms. Parker and colleagues (2014) found that teachers met the goals and objectives for each of the lessons observed (15 or 20). Some teachers were observed to have slightly modified the instructions to make them clearer for students or supplemented lessons by providing additional school-based examples of mindfulness concepts. Teachers indicated high feasibility of the Master Mind program, with lessons being easy to prepare and teach.
Evidence-Base (Studies Reviewed)
These sources were used in the development of the program profile:
Parker, Alison E., Janis B. Kupersmidt, Erin T. Mathis, Tracy M. Scull, and Calvin Sims. 2014. "The Impact of Mindfulness Education on Elementary School Students: Evaluation of the Master Mind Program." Advances in School Mental Health Promotion 7(3):184–204.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | 1,048 |
A couple of weeks ago, I bought a kilo and a half of fresh clams not knowing exactly whether I would use them for a pasta dish or a soup. By the time they had been soaked and cleaned, I felt it would be boring to cook them in just any old familiar way. A kilo became the clam and onion tart and the remaining half kilo went into this mis<|fim_middle|>ams are easily available in most wet markets at any time of the year. For those living in countries where fresh clams are hard to come buy, you can use canned — just remember to include the juices in the soup.
Soak the clams in water for several hours, changing the water every two hours or so, to expel the sand inside the shells. Drain and wash until the liquid is clear and free from traces of sand.
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Hi Miss Connie! Just tried this today. Great idea! Only difference is I put some pepper flakes to add some heat. Wonderful dish! Feels like comfort food. Thanks! Your site is the best! | o soup.
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The Californian / Anastasia — Sergio P.
Ana very enthusiastically wanted a shoot before her trip back to LA. A fashion student here, I was super excited knowing I'd have a current lifestyle colour-coordinated guru for exactly that type of shoot. Not having much planned out, we just went for a walk outside of downtown and wouldn't go more than a<|fim_middle|> next encounter Ana, I'm sure we won't disappoint. | block or two before seeing a texture that would catch my eye. Montreal is great for that; I don't need much as I constantly say.
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It felt too easy, everywhere I placed her she rocked it. Did I mention we even scoped out an abandoned college? Everything is a hop & a skip away in Montreal. Looking forward to our | 223 |
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Category Archives: NES
Celebrating Famicom's 30th – Super Mario Bros.
(This article was originally posted to The Dot Eaters on July 15, 2013)
Here is the last of the TDE articles detailing various aspects of the Famicom, as well as the NES, the North American version of the console released in 1985. These posts celebrate the 30th anniversary of the Famicom, and lead up to the full history of the Famicom, to be posted tomorrow. The post today also falls on the 30th anniversary of Mario Bros., so two koopa's with one fireball, so to speak. While Famicom project lead Masayuki Uemura and his team at R&D2 labs at Nintendo do great work putting together the hardware of the famed video game console, it's the games for the system that give it longevity. And there's few games that boost Famicom and NES sales as much as Super Mario Bros..
This entry was posted in 1983, 1985, 8-bit, 80's, anniversary, Devil World, excitebike, Famicom, Gunpei Yokoi, mario, Mario Bros., NES, nintendo, pac-man, Shigeru Miyamoto, super mario bros., Takashi Tezuka on September 24, 2019 by William.
Space Shuttle Re-entry
When Garry Kitchen and a bunch of other Activision programmers left the company, they founded Absolute Entertainment in 1986, following a grand tradition of naming their new venture higher in the alphabet than their last. It was the same thing they had done to Atari when they left that company. Here is a description of the circumstances around their departure, outlined in the Atari/VCS/2600 Bitstory entry here at The Dot Eaters:
Then, one day in 1979, [David] Crane finds himself intently analysing a list of numbers on piece of paper. It is a memo from the marketing department, a part of Atari that has flourished with the ouster of engineer Bushnell and the instalment of salesman Kassar. The list, circulated throughout consumer engineering, ranks game sales figures for 1978, with each game as a percentage of overall sales for the company. It is Marketing's not so subtle advice to the programmers: make more games like those at the top of the list, and less of those at the bottom. It also has an unintended effect on Crane and fellow game creators Larry Kaplan, Alan Miller and Bob Whitehead… they learn that the four of them are responsible for all of the top-selling games, 60 percent of cartridge sales for the year. With the knowledge that Atari made 100 million in sales that year, you don't need a degree in computer mathematics to know that the four of them, each pulling in a salary of $25,000 – $30,000, have accounted for $60 million in sales for Atari. Armed with this evidence, the four meet with Kassar to request more financial compensation for their efforts. The CEO is unmoved, suggesting that making games is a team effort and their contribution on par with the assembly workers on the line who fit together the cartridges. Soon after this exchange, the group get in touch with an attorney about incorporating their own business, making software for game consoles. Kaplan leaves Atari soon after the meeting with Kassar, with Crane, Miller and Whitehead not far behind. The Gang of Four has left the building.
They must have taken some ideas with them when they left Activision because the following 1991 ad is for a redo Absolute did of Activision's Space Shutte: A Journey Into Space, originally done by Garry's brother Steve Kitchen for the 2600 in 1983. Absolute's version, Space Shuttle Project, was designed by John Van Ryzin for the NES, a man who may be more popularly known as the creator of the great H.E.R.O. on the 2600 while he was at Activision. He helped his compatriots found Absolute, which Garry Kitchen eventually shuttered in 1995. Still, the company flew pretty high when it was making some great games for the 90's top game machines.
Ad for 1991's Space Shuttle Project, by John Van Ryzin
This entry was posted in Absolute, activision, Garry Kitchen, NES, Space Shuttle on August 17, 2016 by William.
The 30th Anniversary of the NES
It's a toss-up as to what I would consider the most important video game console ever made. I could say the Atari VCS (later renamed the 2600), for it helped popularize the market for programmable video games. It wasn't the first, but it was certainly the most popular of the first-wave game machines.
But as ground-breaking as the VCS was, I have to give the nod to the Nintendo Entertainment System, first hitting American shores on October 18, 1985. In the face of the collapse of the entire video game market in 1983-1984, the NES was test marketed in the NYC area over the Christmas season. A redesigned version of Nintendo's popular Japanese market Famicom console, great pains were taken to inoculate the NES from video gaming's diseased past, diseased at least according to retailers and distributers of video games. The NES was made to look like a sleek piece of A/V equipment, to the point where the action of inserting a game cartridge was made to be analogous to putting a videotape into a VCR. It was also accompanied by a robotic game mate called ROB, to capitalize on the then-current wave of toy robots like Teddy Ruxpin.
Fire power in SMB
Getting a 'shroom in SMB
Luigi gives it a go in SMB
Death from above, in Super Mario Bros.
This all helped to move NES units, with 50,000 consoles sold during the NYC test. By the time the NES rolled out wide in the fall of 1986, 350,000 to 400,000 sets had been sold. But nothing helped spur sales like the 1986 release of Super Mario Bros., a magnificent side-scrolling adventure by Shigeru Miyamoto that caused NES units to fly off shelves faster than a Koopa Paratroopa. By 1987, the NES was the most popular toy in America, and had made the video game industry the fastest-growing segment of the toy industry, again.
The Atari VCS may have helped popularize the industry, but absent Atari, somebody would have come up with an improved, programmable video game system eventually. Only Hiroshi Yamauchi and the NES could have saved video games.
For more information on the Nintendo Entertainment System, consult your local Dot Eaters Bitstory. If you'd like to enter the Mushroom Kingdom yourself, or try your hand at some of the other cartridges that helped save videogames, you can Buy Nintendo NES Games here.
This entry was posted in 1985, 2600, Atari, hiroshi yamauchi, NES, nintendo, Shiger<|fim_middle|> notice of the new technology coming out of the States in the mid-70's, they would do the same with video games.
With an almost preternatural ability to pick both talented designers and the games and systems they produced, hardly anything made by Nintendo reached store shelves without Yamauchi's approval. When the company's U.S. subsidiary floundered in the early 80's and begged for a new hit game to sell, it was Yamauchi who took the chance on a young artist unproved in game design to come up with a product. The game was named Donkey Kong, and its creator was Shigeru Miyamoto.
After issuing orders to create a cartridge-based home console called the Famicom (Family Computer) that met with great success in Japan, Yamauchi would set his sights on conquering the American market. Undaunted by the toxic landscape created by the total collapse of the U.S. video game market in 1983-84, Yamauchi insisted on selling the Famicom to American homes as the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) in 1985. The system would single-handedly resurrect the video game industry from cindered ashes back to billions of dollars in sales, and make Nintendo a word synonymous with video games, as Atari had been before it.
After 55 years at the helm, Yamauchi was succeeded as Nintendo president in 2002 by Satoru Iwata. He remained the company's largest individual shareholder until his death, at the age of 85. While he may have ruled Nintendo with an iron fist, the company he drove from Japanese playing card manufacturer to globally dominating video game giant is now mourning his loss.
You can read the history of two great products with Yamauchi's stamp on them here at The Dot Eaters:
The History of Donkey Kong
The History of the Famicom
This entry was posted in donkey kong, Famicom, Gunpei Yokoi, hiroshi yamauchi, memorial, NES, nintendo on September 19, 2013 by William.
This entry was posted in 1983, 1985, 8-bit, 80's, anniversary, Devil World, excitebike, Famicom, Gunpei Yokoi, mario, Mario Bros., NES, nintendo, pac-man, Shigeru Miyamoto, super mario bros., Takashi Tezuka on July 15, 2013 by William.
Celebrating Famicom's 30th – The Wizard
As part of our celebration of the upcoming 30th anniversary of the Famicom, the Japanese video game system by Nintendo that was later adapted for the North American market as the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), I'm posting my review of The Wizard. It's a 1989 Fred Savage vehicle that many consider as simply a 100 minute commercial for Nintendo. I made this initially for Ten Point Review, where we rate a movie according to four criteria, and then add and/or subtract points as we see fit in order to come up with a numerical rating between 0 – 10. Time to watch people play games!
This entry was posted in 1989, 80's, advertising, Famicom, movies, NES, nintendo, The Wizard on July 11, 2013 by William.
Celebrating Famicom's 30th – Nintendo Power
The 30th anniversary of the Famicom is nigh! TDE is celebrating with Updates posts concerning various aspects of Nintendo's hugely important and influential game console. We'll also cover details of the NES, the North American version of the Famicom, released two years later in 1985. These posts will lead up to the full Famicom and NES Bitstory articles that will be published here in mid July. As had happened before with the Atari VCS, a console that helped create the video game market in the first place, the NES becomes a cottage industry for peripherals and other products associated with the console. Today, we're looking at an integral part of the immense and long-lived success of the NES. Today, we're playing with Power!
This entry was posted in Dragon Warrior, Famicom, Famitsu, Fun Club News, Gail Tilden, Gamemaster, Howard & Nester, Howard Phillips, Minoru Arakawa, NES, nintendo, Nintendo Power on July 8, 2013 by William.
Monday Meme: NES Games Today
If it's Monday, it must be another retro game meme:
You know this would happen: Click for the rest
via: Cheezburger
This entry was posted in funny but sad, Monday Meme, NES, nintendo on May 7, 2013 by William. | u Miyamoto, super mario bros. on October 18, 2015 by William.
The Visual Cortex: Double Dragon II
There's been a lot of left-right scrolling fighting games over the years, for a number of different consoles, but Nintendo's NES particularly seemed to specialize in the genre. And amid that myriad of brawling cartridges stood the Double Dragon games. Beginning in the arcades, they soon punched and kicked their way to the console market, including a 2009 version for the Zeebo microconsole. The pugilist brother team from the games, Billy Lee and Jimmy, also slugged their way into many computer game translations.
Lined up in the Cortex today is an ad for the NES version of the second game in the series, Double Dragon II: The Revenge:
The arcade smash comes home
This entry was posted in 1990, 90's, Acclaim, arcade, Cortex, Double Dragon, Fighting, NES on March 11, 2014 by William.
NES and Famicom: A Family Portrait
Into the smouldering crater of the Big Videogame Crash of 1983 – 1984 came the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), a game console whose wild success upon release in 1985 single-handedly resurrected the industry in North America.
It was a daring move by Hiroshi Yamauchi and Nintendo, but not a completely blind gamble. The NES had already met with stunning success in the guise of the Family Computer (Famicom), a system released in Japan in 1983. The Famicom was so successful that by 1989, there was one console in every two households in Japan. For its U.S. release, the system was re-tooled as the NES, made to look more like a piece of A/V equipment than a video game in order to shake off the bad vibes that the collapse of the market had left with American toy buyers. To say the plan worked is an understatement.
Here we present a family portrait of the two systems, the NES and the Family Computer They might not have been the lightning that started the industry, but they certainly delivered a desperately needed shock to the system that got the heart of video games beating again:
The NES and the Famicom
For more information on the history of the Famicom, consult your local Dot Eaters entry.
This entry was posted in 1983, 1985, 80's, Famicom, NES, nintendo on December 4, 2013 by William.
Former Nintendo President Hiroshi Yamauchi Passes Away
Hiroshi Yamauchi has died. Yamauchi came to power at Nintendo in 1949 at age 22, replacing his grandfather as head of the company after the elder suffered a stroke. Even so young, Yamauchi showed the iron will he would become infamous for, insisting that other family members in the company be fired, as well as quickly purging executives who refused to take him seriously.
Nintendo's fortunes had come from the manufacture of playing cards ever since its inception in 1889. In the later part of the 60's, Yamauchi took steps to expand the company into toys and games, creating an R&D department within Nintendo to develop such products. At the head of this group Yamauchi put a maintenance man with the name of Gunpei Yokoi, an enthusiastic tinkerer with an uncanny knack at creating new products out of older technology. With success after success, Nintendo would come to dominate the toy market in Japan. Later, as Yamauchi took | 772 |
IEEE - What is IEEE?
The University of Southampton IEEE Student Branch is active in promoting the IEEE through exciting and informative events ranging from technical seminars to careers events as well as organising socials and site visits. We hope that these events help our members gain valuable knowledge and skills as<|fim_middle|> details of IEEE Region 8 competitions which you can be involved with in addition to University of Southampton organised competitions. | well as being enjoyable.
The branch was formed in 2004 and is the 15th IEEE Student Branch in the UK, and the first in the UK to be Women in Engineering (WiE) affiliated. We appreciate any feedback and suggestions, as you make the branch what it is.
In 2015 - 2016 academic year, the IEEE Southampton Student Branch completed the formation of the IEEE Southampton Power & Energy Society and Photonics Society Student Chapters, under which distinguished lectures and professional events are hosted throughout the year on the topics of power engineering and opto-electronics, respectively. Check the events calendar for more details!
The committee holds regular meetings to discuss a wide variety of topics including future events, branch aims, progress, challenges and finances. If you have anything that you would like to be discussed in our next committee meeting, please email us.
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a non-profit organisation, and is the world's leading professional association for the advancement of technology. There are more than 421,000 IEEE members in over 160 countries around the world. IEEE members are engineers, scientists and allied professionals whose technical interests are rooted in electrical and computer sciences, engineering and related disciplines.
The IEEE publishes nearly a third of the world's technical literature in electrical engineering, computer science and electronics. This includes about 180 journals, transactions and magazines and sponsors more than 1,600 conferences in 95 countries. IEEE journals are consistently among the most highly cited in electrical and electronics engineering, telecommunications and other technical fields.
The IEEE is a leading developer of international standards that underpin many of today's telecommunications, information technology and power generation products and services. Often the central source for standardisation in a broad range of emerging technologies, the IEEE Standards Association has a portfolio of some 1,100 active standards and more than 500 standards in development. This includes the prominent IEEE 802 standards for wireless networking.
The University of Southampton is in the top 1% of universities worldwide and has achieved consistently high scores for its teaching and learning activities. The University offers first-rate opportunities and facilities for study and research, and provides a stimulating working environment. The University currently has nearly 25,000 students and 5,000 staff based across several campuses in Southampton and Winchester.
The School of Electronics and Computer Science (ECS) was established in 1947 by Professor Eric Zepler, as the Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Radio Engineering. Today, it is the UK's leading and most successful integrated departments of Electronics, Electrical Engineering, and Computer Science. ECS is the first in the UK for the volume and quality of the research in electrical and electronics engineering and 100% of the Computer Science research impact is recognised as world-leading or internationally excellent.
The University of Southampton IEEE Student Branch is part of IEEE Region 8 (UK and Republic of Ireland Section). The region is comprised of Europe, The Middle East and Africa and organises independent events and committees from the rest of the international IEEE regions.
Also see the competitions page for | 649 |
He already is receiving an annual pension of $89,000 a year for his years of service with the Fairview Heights Police Department, where he started working as an officer in 1988.
Gailius retired in July from the Fairview Heights Police Department, which serves a community of about 16,600 according to Census Bureau estimates.
Gailius in 2018 was the Republican nominee for St. Clair County sheriff, as he tried to knock off incumbent Rick Watson.
Gailius said he may even do some patrol work too in the job.
Gailius, who was sworn-in<|fim_middle|> with the NAACP.
"With him I think he'll bring a lot of good things (to) the community," Hamm said.
The previous chief, Christopher Burns, left for a job earlier this year with the Illinois Commerce Commission, Hamm said. | on Friday and started the job on Monday, said he will be taking some time to learn about the issues in town.
"That is part of the learning curve over the next several weeks, and what opportunities and threats are in the community, (and) what kind of partnerships can we put together," Gailius said.
He was one of 25 people to apply for the job and 12 people who were interviewed, said Madison Mayor John W. Hamm III.
Hamm said he was impressed with how Gailius came up the ranks in Fairview Heights, and said Gailius has a good relationship | 124 |
You guys...I saw Thor: Ragnarok last night. And let me tell you, it's awesome. I can't believe it, but Marvel finally figured out how to make Thor work on the big screen and they did it through a combination of non-stop humor (Taika Waititi has to be their most inspired directorial choice since Edgar Wright), and 80's throwback sci-fi adventure tone (think Bucakroo Banzai) and wrapping it all up in a design scheme so heavily indebted to Jack Kirby, that every crevice of Sakaar is a blast to run your eyes over. I loved it. Not sure where it ranks for me in the overall Marvel pantheon. Definitely top three, maybe the best one overall...yeah, now that I think about it, it's probably my new favorite Marvel movie.
Give or take that slight misstep with Spider-Man (just so basic, and ugh), Marvel's Phase 3 has been lights<|fim_middle|>Paper Girls #17 - This keeps coming out and I keep falling behind. But with Stranger Things Season 2 out, this is your best bet for keeping those 80's kids vibes going.
Stray Bullets: Sunshine and Roses #29 - Any week with more Lapham is a good one.
Chris Ware Monograph hc - Your big expensive purchase of the week. A career overview with a large swath of the man's work. Everybody I know is really excited about this. I hope to flip through it at the store sometime. It'd make a hell of a coffee table read.
Expansion - AdHouse books puts out the latest from Matt Sheehan and Malachi Ward. I got this at SPX and still haven't read it. That cover is great though. | -out. It doesn't quite have the building excitement that initially jolted Phase 1, but from a film to film perspective, it's the equivalent of that period where Stan and Jack really figured things out on Fantastic Four and Thor and made them the best superhero comics of the 60's.
Deathstroke #25 - An oversized chunk of what is surely the most consistent title DC produces right now. Christoper Priest is killing it and I'm glad they've given him the flagship book (Justice League) starting in December. Seriously, you should read this comic, it's excellent - the toil evil takes on a man. And how does one become "good" anyway?
| 139 |
Cup And Stand
A Qingbai cup and stand, Southern Song dynasty (1127-1279)
Lot 736. A Qingbai cup and stand, Southern Song dynasty (1127-1279). Cup 4¼ in. (10.8 cm) diam. Stand 5 5/8 in. (14.3 cm) diam. Estimate $4,000 – $6,000. Price Realized $10,000. © Christie's Image Ltd 2014. The delicately potted cup is supported on a straight foot and sits on a platform in the center of the foliate-form stand. Both cup and stand are covered in a transparent pale blue glaze, cloth boxes. Christie's. FINE CHINESE CERAMICS AND WORKS OF ART, 18 – 19 September 2014, New... [Lire la suite]
Posté par Alain Truong à 15:40 - Chine, Céramique /Chinese Ceramics - Commentaires [0] - Permalien [#]
Tags : Cup And Stand, Qingbai, Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279)
A parcel gilt bronze cup and stand, Ming dynasty, 16th-17th century
Lot 165. A parcel gilt bronze cup and stand, Ming dynasty, 16th-17th century. The stand: 5 1/8 in. (13 cm.) diam. Estimate HKD 80,000 - HKD 120,000. Price realised HKD 100,000. © Christie's Image Ltd 2015 The hectafoil cup is cast on each pet<|fim_middle|>, Diameter - h:4.90 w:10.50 cm (h:1 7/8 w:4 1/8 inches) Overall - h:4.80 cm (h:1 7/8 inches). Gifts of Laurence H. Norton, Robert G. Norton, and Mrs. Miriam Norton White in memory of Mr. and Mrs. D. Z. Norton; Mrs. A. S. Chisholm; Horace E. Potter; and the John Huntington Art and Polytechnic Trust by exchange 1980.185.a, Cleveland Museum of Art © 2013... [Lire la suite]
Tags : 1100s, China, Cup And Stand, Jiangxi Province, Jingdezhen, Qingbai ware, Southern Song Dynasty | al on the exterior with a gilt cartouche enclosing a floral spray. The bracketlobed stand is decorated with a central flowerhead surrounded by a gilt band with raised decorations depicting figures in a landscape amidst flowering trees, birds and pagodas,... [Lire la suite]
Posté par Alain Truong à 20:42 - Chine, Bronzes /Chinese Bronzes - Commentaires [0] - Permalien [#]
Tags : 16th-17th century, Cup And Stand, Ming Dynasty, parcel gilt bronze
A 'Qingbai' cup and stand, Song dynasty (960-1279)
Lot 464. A 'Qingbai' cup and stand, Song dynasty (960-1279); Estimate 200 — 300 GBP. Lot Sold 2,250 GBP. Photo courtesy Sotheby's 2008 the cup with deep rounded sides rising from a short spreading foot, the stand of saucer shape rising from a high spreading openwork foot, covered overall with an ice-blue glaze save for the rim of the cup. Quantity: 2. Literature: Chinese Ceramic Treasures. A Selection from the Ulricehamn East Asian Museum, Including the Carl Kempe Collection, Ulricehamn,... [Lire la suite]
Tags : 'Qingbai', Cup And Stand, Song Dynasty (960-1279)
A white jade cup and stand, Qianlong period (1736-1795)
Lot 283. A white jade cup and stand, Qianlong period (1736-1795). D. 6,2/10,5 cm. Estimate 15.000/25.000 €. Lot sold 90.000 €. Courtesy Nagel Good condition. Provenance: Property from an European private collection. Nagel. "Asiatische Kunst - Salzburg", 06.12.2017
Posté par Alain Truong à 15:09 - Chine, Jade /Chinese Jades - Commentaires [0] - Permalien [#]
Tags : Cup And Stand, Qianlong period (1736-1795), white jade
Two Ming Dynasty's Cloisonné, Vanderven Oriental Art at Brafa Art Fair, Brussels, 21-29 january 2017
Cloisonné Cup and Stand, China, Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), mid-16th century. Ø: 14.4 H: 4 cm. Vanderven Oriental Art at Brafa Art Fair, Brussels, 21-29 january 2017. Provenance: Private Collection, The Netherlands 2014With Spink & Son London, UK 1990 Round Cloisonné Box, China, Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), mid-16th century. H: 3,8 cm; Ø: 20,5 cm. Vanderven Oriental Art at Brafa Art Fair, Brussels, 21-29 january 2017. Vanderven Oriental Art. Chinese early ceramics from the Han... [Lire la suite]
Posté par Alain Truong à 22:49 - Chine, Cloisonnés /Chinese Enamels - Commentaires [0] - Permalien [#]
Tags : China, cloisonné, Cup And Stand, mid-16th century, Ming dynasty (1368-1644), Round box
Cup and stand decorated with lotus seeds and petals, Korea, Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), first half of the 12th century
Cup and stand decorated with lotus seeds and petals, Korea, Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), first half of the 12th century. toneware with incised design under celadon glaze. Overall: H. 3 7/8 in. (9.8 cm); Diam. 6 1/2 in. (16.5 cm). Rogers Fund, 1916, 16.143.2a, b © 2000–2017 The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Lotus seeds and petals are carved on and around the raised center of this stand. When the cup is placed atop it, only the petals are visible.
Posté par Alain Truong à 21:54 - Korean Art - Commentaires [0] - Permalien [#]
Tags : Cup And Stand, first half of the 12th century, Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), Korea
'Korean Ceramics: From Archaeology to Art History' at Princeton University Art Museum
Maebyong vessel (detail), 12th–13th century, Korean, Goryeo dynasty, 918–1392. Stoneware with inlaid decoration of crane and clouds under celadon glaze; h. 36.0 cm., diam. 21.0 cm. (14 3/16 x 8 1/4 in.). Museum purchase, Trumbull-Prime Fund (y1929-406) © 2016 The Trustees of Princeton University PRINCETON, NJ.- The ceramics in this installation not only highlight the technological and artistic developments that occurred over two millennia on the Korean Peninsula but also demonstrate the complex... [Lire la suite]
Tags : 10th–14th century, 12th Century, 12th–13th century, 12th–late 14th century, 15th century, 18th century, bowl, Cup And Stand, Cut-stem bowl, Goryeo dynasty, jar, Joseon Dynasty, korean, Maebyong vessel, Oil bottle, Three Kingdoms (Silla) period, vase
A pair of Ding-type cups and cup stands, Song dynasty (960-1279)
Lot 91. A pair of Ding-type cups and cup stands, Song dynasty (960-1279). Estimate HK$120,000 – HK$200,000 ($15,544 - $25,906). Price realised HKD 2,200,000. Photo Christie's Image Ltd 2016. Each cup has rounded sides rising from a spreading foot to an everted rim, each cup stand is potted in the form of a dish with an everted rim raised on a broad, flared pedestal foot with pierced cloud-shaped designs and centered by a raised platform shaped like an inverted cup, all covered with a white glaze. 4 3/8 in. (10.8... [Lire la suite]
Tags : Cup And Stand, Ding-type, Song Dynasty
A 'Qingbai' cup and stand, Song dynasty
A 'Qingbai' cup and stand, Song dynasty. Estimate 15,000 — 20,000 USD. Photo Sotheby's. the thinly potted shallow cup rising from a short flared foot to an everted rim, the rounded sides divided into six petal lobes by notches around the rim, resting on a stand of saucer shape with a hexalobed rim and stepped pedestal in the center, all on a trefoil-pierced petal-shaped foot, both covered overall with a pale ice-blue translucent glaze (2). Height 3 3/8 in., 8.5 cm Literature: Tan Dan... [Lire la suite]
Posté par Alain Truong à 13:47 - Commentaires [0] - Permalien [#]
Tags : 'Qingbai', Cup And Stand, Song Dynasty, Yang De Tang Collection
Cup and Stand, 1100s, China, Jiangxi province, Jingdezhen, Southern Song dynasty
Cup and Stand, 1100s, China, Jiangxi province, Jingdezhen, Southern Song dynasty (1127-1279). Porcelain with pale bluish-white glaze, qingbai ("blue-white") ware | 1,818 |
Stroll, Audubon Park. Download this image for your computer, iPhone or iPad.
According to the calendar, last Wednesday was the first official day of fall. Being New Orleans, this meant nothing in terms of the heat index, but I always find myself so excited about the beginning of fall. Sure, the leaves don�t change colors here that much and a crisp fall evening is still more than a few weeks away but one thing is for certain... Halloween is right around the corner! If you are like me, this means every conversation from here on out will include plans for costuming and how to make it the best it can be.
Looking ahead to the next party, costume gala, festival, or live music show is something that makes us all very New Orleans. I am a fan of ruminating on my upcoming Halloween character choice and spend a few weeks roaming through the shops on Decatur and Magazine to see what pops � that�s really half the fun. There is no reason to purchase anything online; all that you want and way more can be found in our fantastic costume shops. From bright green wigs, to zombie paint, masks, sailors uniforms and tutu�s, it can all be put together with a few shopping trips.
Any excuse to add to the costume closet is a good one, right? Happy costume planning, everyone! Be sure to drop us any hints on great places to get fun accessories and let us know what you are planning on being this year.
Welcome, fall. It�s lovely to have you back.
PS: Like the photos we've featured this year in the newsletters or in our photos section? Contact us if you'd like a print or to use a photo in your publication.
EAT Sometimes you might want some Thai food and the person you�re with is craving breakfast food. What to do, what to do? Give Chill Out Caf� a try. This is some seriously delicious Thai food that is always fresh and kinder on your wallet than some other establishments in town. Their breakfast food is tops, so<|fim_middle|>an are roasted right into the coffee beans. If you like your caffeine jolt sweet and decadent, or brimming with Saints pride (PJ�s sells a Black and Gold Blend, as well as a Tiger Blend for LSU fans), this New Orleans favorite is a must. Locations all over the city.
LAGNIAPPE Images Without Borders, a project founded by New Orleans-based photographer Laura Bergerol and Boise-based photographer Stacy Ericson in the wake of the earthquake in Haiti, has collected over 700 photos from 170 professional photographers around the world to sell for the benefit of Doctors Without Borders. This Saturday, October 2nd, IWOB will be hosting its premiere show right here at Art for Art�s Sake. Prices for prints range from $75 to $500, cocktails will be served and Daniels Catering will donate food. Shop of the Two Sisters, 1800 Magazine Street, 6-9pm.
Management Analyst, Canal Barge Company, Inc. | there is something for everyone on the menu. The staff is always polite and service is quick. Open Monday-Saturday, 10am-9pm. Average entr�e price $10. 729 Burdette St.
GO We all love to dance, but the real talent in the group is one of our co-founders, Carl. Last year he came to New Orleans to compete in the New Orleans Swing Dance Festival and The Ultimate Lindy Hop Showdown and fell in love with the city. Obviously, we have to recommend this action packed four-day fest of traditional jazz and swing dancing. Dance classes for all ages and levels will be available, as well as music from local NOLA favorites, afterhour�s dances, a Second Line Parade and an opening ceremony in Congo Square. Check the website for various ticket prices and event details. Saturday-Monday (Oct. 2nd-4th).
DO Art for Art�s Sake is one of New Orleans premier annual arts event and it�s this weekend! This street party will feature a number of gallery openings, and most shops on the street will be open with special hours, and great promotions for the occasion. This year the fun moves to Magazine Street from Julia Street. Change is good, right? We like this idea and feel that it will be more conducive for you guys to move around and to find parking! Saturday, October 2nd. 5-9pm. Food and dink available for purchase at various vending sites. Magazine Street.
GO There�s nothing like a nice hot cup of - southern wedding cake?! At PJ�s Coffee, strange and wonderful local flavors like Bananas Foster and Southern Pec | 343 |
The Art of Conservation at Balai
Balai Seni Negara, also known as the National Visual Arts Gallery, has been housing the nation's artwork since it was officiated in 1958 by Tunku Abdul Rahman. The current collection contains almost 5,000 pieces of art, some dating back as early as the 1800s.
For Amerrudin Ahmad, Balai (as it is known) is also his workplace. Amerrudin is Curator for the Collection and Conservation Division. He has been working with Balai to restore and conserve artwork for 20 years.
Amerrudin studied Fine Art at Universiti Teknologi MARA. Soon after joining Balai, he started learning about conservation, and later went on to study a Masters in the subject in the UK.
"To give all the effort and skills to make [a piece of art] relevant and prolong its life is a wonderful thing," says Ameruddin, who also liaises with leading artists and art collectors.
Working behind the scenes at the gallery, the conservation team plays a crucial role in the preservation of Balai's ever expanding collection. Not all artworks reach the gallery in pristine condition. Deterioration of an artwork happens due to many factors like environment, materials used, improper handling and more.
Before moving to its current location, Balai's collection was held in other buildings. This also contributed to some deterioration. "This is the only place we have a proper storage and conservation lab. That means that the artworks have been stored in a not-so-friendly environment for 40 years,"<|fim_middle|>.my
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Amerrudin now leads a team of around 20 members. His team are conservators with different areas of expertise, focusing on various materials like paint, paper, object, metals and so forth.
The team will start by carefully identifying the materials of an artwork. Different materials have a distinct reaction to the environment over a period of time. For example, organic materials such as textiles and paper are very sensitive to lighting and humidity.
"The challenge is, this is a modern art museum. The artwork is not macam biasa, time changes and we collect new contemporary art. It comes in unpredictable forms, like mixed media," says Amerrudin. "There was an artist who did a collage on aluminium tins. The aluminium is old, made of found objects and already rusted. So how do we stop the rust? The thing is that paper has already been pasted on."
Regardless, there are ethics to adhere to in conservation. "A conservator is not an artist," stresses Amerrudin. "As a professional, you have to record everything. Apa you buat, you kena bagitau. The sort of material you used has to be reversible. You cannot make it permanent."
If there is too much interference from the conservators, the works would no longer be deemed original. Another reason to resist a "permanent fix" is that there could be better restoration techniques available in the future.
While working with the artwork, the team need to wear black coloured clothing. This is to help minimise any reflection from light in the room, which could damage artworks.
Beyond the craft of conservation, Amerrudin is also consulted on the patterns of the gallery's operations. His team needs to consider factors such as the budget and space allocation.
"There needs to be a strategy," says Amerrudin. "How to store [the artworks], when to display and the capacity of the storage area. For example, how big or heavy is the artwork? How many years can the area contain the artwork?"
"Your collection is ever expanding so you need to estimate for ten years, 20 years ahead," says Ameruddin. Other considerations include the cost of electricity: after all, storage rooms need to be kept at a certain temperature.
"We are not a for-profit corporation. We are a non-profit and using taxpayers' money," Amerrudin points out.
All acquired artworks are part of the national collection and cannot be sold to generate income in any way. So what happens if the gallery wants to acquire a new artwork but does not have the necessary funds?
"There is a clause called 'deaccessioning'," explains Amerrudin. "Deaccessioning means if we have a lot of artworks and we feel like we need to acquire more, we can exchange with another museum."
The conservation team has also been working on projects outside the gallery. For example, they have recently been restoring a wall mural in Sultan Suleiman Mosque, Klang. It was built in the 1930s and over the years, the original mural paintings were covered with limewash while some areas were cemented over.
Several public sculptures around town falls under Balai's upkeep too. However, sometimes a sculpture with national and historical significance belongs to another government body. Amerrrudin laments the incident in 2016 when the Puncak Purnama (Lunar Peaks) sculpture by Datuk Syed Ahmad Jamal was demolished by DBKL, without Balai's consultation.
While Malaysian art history is comparatively young, Balai's collection is important because it denotes significant events in our socio-political history as well as marks the paradigms of changing art practices.
Although Amerrudin's name may not hang on the wall alongside the artists, his job helps to secure these artworks for future generations.
"It's a fantastic profession," says Amerrudin. "There's always something new to discover."
By Lyn Ong
Photos by Teoh Eng Hooi
This article was sourced from Malaysia | 830 |
At Essence of Living we offer our teacher training graduates the opportunity to join our mentorship program in order to water the seeds of knowledge planted during their Teacher Training.
The Essence of Living mentorship program is for teachers who are ready to master their skills and deepen their knowledge.
The<|fim_middle|> to embrace the content of my first Teacher Training on a more expansive level.
The experience was an immersion of the teachings I received four years earlier and there was more! Back then I found the philosophy, sanskrit, methology and physical practice beautiful, intriguing, and captivating. I still do. I was spellbound and at times a little bamboozled! Honestly I could not contain it all. Many teachings did seep in, some integrated slowly as I delved deeper into my own practice, inner work and realisations. Others remained as seeds waiting to open & bud when I was ready.
The mentorship was my ripening. I drew in that which had slipped through my fingers and mind originally. I tapped in to the old work, sipped with delight the new additional components and became more clear and bright as a teacher, practitioner and an individual.
It was endearing be mentored and to have my commitment acknowledged. It was an honour for me to be a mentor to the other teacher trainers. This added a responsibility and accountability to myself, my service of others and the method of Yoga. I am deeply grateful for the experience and to my mentor Michelle Cassidy. | Level One Yoga Teacher Training at Essence of Living is always adapting. So are we. Through the mentorship I was able | 24 |
Chip Tatum Named FAA Executive Vice President
in FAA News,
The Florida Apartment Association (FAA) is pleased to announce that Chip Tatum, chief executive officer of the Apartment Association of Greater Orlando (AAGO), will join FAA as executive vice president on January 3, 2022.
Tatum has led AAGO since 2012, working with his team and the board of directors to guide the association through some very exciting and forward-thinking changes and improvements. His previous positions include vice president of government affairs at FAA and director of government affairs at AAGO, and he remains passionate about advocating on behalf of the apartment industry. Tatum was inducted into the FAA Hall of Fame in 2018, for<|fim_middle|> position as a senior vice president with NAA.
Florida APTitudes - November 2021 November 18, 2021 Peggy Queen, 2016 Hall of Fame Inductee, is Proud of Leadership Lyceum ProgramNovember 3, 2021 | his contributions to Florida's multifamily industry and to Florida's network of apartment associations.
His career in multifamily housing began with UDR, a real estate investment trust. In 2003, he was selected as the National Apartment Association (NAA) National Apartment Leasing Professional (NALP) of the year. He holds both the NALP and Certified Apartment Manager designations, and is part of the NAA Education Institute's faculty. He graduated from Rollins College with a bachelor's degree in organizational behavior and a minor in business administration.
Following an extensive search, Tatum was selected by the FAA executive committee to replace Josh Gold, who has accepted a | 136 |
Student-run law publication Richmond Journal of Law and Technology (JOLT) is on a mission to rain lightning-bright clarity on the topic of Electronic Discovery (eDiscovery). As of December 1, 2006, changes to existing eDiscovery rules require companies to have clear policies and keep track of employee e-mail, instant messages and other electronic documents or communications delivered through or stored via the Internet. The requirement of compliance is stringent, with non-compliant companies facing charges of adverse inference (shiver), which means that amid a litigation, a jury may assume the data that was not presented contained incriminating information. The problem is the fluid nature of electronic information and the relative naivety of many of those who must manage the email compliance issue. This is where JOLT steps in. Once a year, JOLT publishes an issue dedicated solely to emerging matters in eDiscovery. The most current volume covers the December rule changes and contains the following six resources: * Managing Preservation Obligations After The 2006 Federal E-Discovery Amendments, by Thomas Y. Allman * Information Inflation: Can The Legal System Adapt?, by George L. Paul and Jason R. Baron * In Pursuit Of FRCP 1: Creative Approaches To Cutting And Shifting The Costs Of Discovery Of Electronic Information, by Mia Mazza, Emmalena K. Quesada, and Ashley L. Sternberg * The Two-Tier Discovery Provision Of Rule 26(B)(2)(B) - A Reasonable Measure For Controlling Electronic Discovery?, by Theodore C. Hirt * Backup Tapes, You Can't Live With Them and You Can't Toss Them: Strategies for Dealing with the Litigation Burdens Associated with Backup Tapes Under the Amended Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, by Grant J. Esposito and Thomas M. Mueller At a glance, Creative Approaches To Cutting And Shifting The Costs Of Discovery Of Electronic Information makes for a particularly interesting read because of the way it addresses the problematic nature of electronically-stored information: it moves quickly, is easily changed, may be difficult to trace, and occasionally proves impossible to delete entirely. It also presents solutions to cutting compliance costs, thereby shifting the burden to yield the benefits of organizing digital information. One positive characteristic of getting your online act together is that, "[when] properly employed, 'electronic<|fim_middle|> in a fraction of the time and at a fraction of the cost of paper discovery while virtually eliminating costs of copying and transport.'" The article notes some enterprises have already taken advantage of this by leveraging the searchability of properly labeled and archived business records. A good IT dept. knows that "leveraging searchability" doesn't quite solve all the problems eDiscovery compliance presents, but it's a decent starting point and records management vendors like Open Text, IBM/FileNet, EMC/Documentum, MessageGate and Oracle/Stellent have long been gnawing at the bit. Another topic of interest is Backup Tapes, You Can't Live With Them and You Can't Toss Them. Any number of IT employees who happen to reuse backup storage tapes, or record over old media, can be accused of "virtual shredding" if a lawsuit is filed. According to the sobering article, the federal government now "requires the disclosing party to identify all its sources of data. While the new rules will often spare companies from having to produce inaccessible sources of data [...] companies must [...] demonstrate why those data sources would be unreasonable to search because of undue burden or cost." Faced with this back-up issue, JOLT authors Esposito and Mueller cite a case study in which "the only definite information that would result from restoration would be information that was fourteen days older than that contained on the active system. In the court's estimation, the fact that there might be 'a few deleted e-mail' in the fourteen days worth of e-mail was not enough to justify the expense necessary to obtain it." That ruling was from Concord Boat Corp. v. Brunswick Corp. (It might help to write it down.) The Richmond Journal of Law and Technology is published by the University of Richmond School of Law. Reaching back as far as 1995, JOLT was the first exclusively online law journal. Its focus is, appropriately, the intersection of law and technology. The publication is available at no cost on the JOLT website. And for those with more time on their hands, one may read all JOLT eDiscovery issues here. | discovery allows a party to organize, identify, index, and even authenticate documents | 15 |
Vijay Singh Is Following His Own Path in Basketball
Athleticism runs in Vijay Singh's blood. His father played soccer and cricket, and his mother did track and field. But at just 6-years-old Singh decided that he would not follow in either of his parent's footsteps, instead, he'd carve his own path in the game of basketball.
"I was watching the Raptors one day, and I think it was DeMar DeRozan who was playing and stuff and he had a very good shooting game. Right after that, I started to take an interest. I started throwing the basketball on my school window because I couldn't play on the basketball net," the now 16-year-old said.
His interest led him to play for his high school team as a shooting guard. Singh had just started school at that time, and still relished the experience of making it to the Championship semi-finals on his first try.
"It was a really good experience and stuff. It was my first year, and a lot of the grade ten players were leading us, but it was a good experience," he said.
He shares he's driven to do his best by the exhilaration he feels whenever he touches the court. "It's a team sport and stuff so everybody gets a touch of the ball, and my teammates always cheer me on when I have the ball. But what I most like about the game is pretty much the hype of it, people are always excited and stuff," he said.
And it's an excitement his family shares too. Singh credits them for always motivating and supporting him.
"My family supports me on and off the court. Whenever I have a bad game my dad always tells me 'don't worry about it, there's gonna be plenty more games. And my mom just tells me to keep my confidence up,"- Vijay Singh
After playing with P.H.A.S.E.1 in Thornhill last summer, and being inspired by founder Wayne Dawkins's own basketball journey, Singh decided to join P.H.A.S.E.1 Academy Canada.
"I think my skills have improved. Not just in my shooting, but my coaches tell me to attack a lot more because I'm always going to have somebody on me," he said.
Ultimately, Singh said he wants to go pro, and eventually play for the Toronto Raptors- the team that first introduced him to the<|fim_middle|>"I've been working on my game for pretty much my whole life. Ever since I was very young."
Email: info@phase1academy.com | game.
| 2 |
Dubrovik, one of the most beautiful cities in Croatia. Here you can find several touristic attractions such as the historic city centre with its city walls, the Stradun and the Cathedral of Dubrovnik. Besides culture Dubrovnik has several great beaches to sunbake and relax. In the city centre you can find, in the small streets, many shops, bars and restaurants to really enjoin your holidays. If you cannot find a suitable hotel in Dubrovnik our top 10, please use the search box next to the map.
Hotel Pucic-Palace is a perfect starting point from which to explore Dubrovnik. Attractions like Gundulic square, the Stradun and the Cathedral of Dubrovnik, are only steps away. Each room in the 18th century building is tastefully decorated with furniture from the Italian and Turkish period. All rooms have access to free wireless internet. Just 300 meters away from hotel Pucic-Palace you will find the private beach of the hotel, here you can use sun chairs and towels. In the morning you can enjoy a delicious breakfast, served in the restaurant of the hotel. The location and the good service makes this hotel an excellent place to stay.
A 10-minute drive from the old town of Dubrovnik you can find Boutique hotel Kazbek. The hotel is located at the seafront of Gruz bay and only 300 meters away from the beach. Here you can do several activities such as sailing and boating excursions to the beautiful islands of southern Croatia. Hotel Kazbek is a charming hotel set in a 16th century, renovated, summer castle with only 13 rooms. All rooms are individually decorated and have access to free wireless internet. Other facilities of hotel Kazbek include an outdoor swimming pool, sauna and a restaurant serving typical Croatian dishes.
The small and charming Bed and Breakfast Andio is situated in the old centre of UNESCO protected Dubrovnik. Touristic attractions like Dubrovnik Walls, Onofrios Fountain and the Church of St. Blaise are within walking distance of B&B Andio. The B&B is housed in a 16th century palace, the rooms are decorated and<|fim_middle|> comfortable but stylish rooms combined with personal service. The hotel is located directly besides the sea and has a private beach, here you can make use of the sun chairs and parasols of the hotel. To the old town of Dubrovnik it is a walk of 5 minutes. Villa Orsula has 13 rooms, the rooms come with sea or garden view. All rooms have access to free wireless internet. Guests of Villa Orsula can also make use of the Spa & Wellness Centre of hotel Excelsior without extra costs. This hotel is located a two-minute walk from Villa Orsula.
Apartments Sandra-Solitudo is located 3.8 kilometres from the old town of Dubrovnik, the nearest beach is at only 450 meters from the apartments. The apartments of Sandra-Solitudo are modern, fresh and well-equipped including free wireless internet and a shared washing machine. If you travel by car, private parking is available on site. A bus stop with direct connection to the old town of Dubrovnik is just 50 meters from the Apartments Sandra-Solitudo. In the direct surrounding of the apartments you can find several restaurants, bars and a supermarket.
On several locations, in the old town of Dubrovnik you can find the Apartments & Rooms Malo More. All apartments are close to the famous promenade Stradu, from here it is a ten minute walk to Banje beach. The apartments are housed in a restored late 16th century building. In each of the apartments the owners have combined antique furniture with the comfort of modern technology such as LCD satellite TV and wireless internet. Several touristic attractions are close to the Bijele Arrangements, the Franciscan Monastery Dubrovnik is at 100 meters and the Cathedral of Dubrovnik at 200 meters. Also close to the apartments are several restaurants, bars and the fish and vegetable markets.
The owners of Apartments Villa Ankora will make you feel at home immediately, they will try to make your stay in Dubrovnik as pleasant as possible. The apartments are close to the old city of Dubrovnik and approximately 500 meters from the famous fountain of Onofrio and the Franciscan Monastery of Dubrovnik. The modern style studio apartments include free wireless internet and have great view of over the old town and the sea. Apartments Villa Ankora are a great starting point from which to explore Dubrovnik and are close to restaurants, bars and café's.
From the La Boheme Apartments you will have a breath taking view overlooking the Unesco protected city wall, the old port and the island of Lokrum. From the apartments it is easy to explore the interesting spots of Dubrovnik. All apartments have up-to-date, stylish furniture, a fully equipped kitchen, a flat-screen television and wireless internet. The staff of La Boheme Apartments can help you tips and ideas, what to do and were to go. Dubrovniks old port, Banje beach and the Dubrovnik cable car are only 100 meters away from La Boheme Apartments. | furnished with care and include free wireless internet. The lovely staff and great location with various charming shops as well as bars and restaurant in the nearby area, makes Bed and Breakfast Andio a perfect choice for your stay in Dubrovnik.
Boutique hotel More is located 3.5 kilometres outside of Dubrovnik and has a private beach at the Lapa peninsula. On the 5th floor of the hotel you have a stunning view over the Adriatic sea. On this floor there is also a pool and the Jacuzzi. For total relaxation you can make use of the Wellness and Beauty Illumina. The restaurant of hotel More serves traditional, Mediterranean dishes. A special feature of Hotel More is the Cave bar located in a natural cave under the hotel. The 40 rooms and 7 suites are tastefully decorated an equipped with free wireless internet.
Hotel St. Joseph is a small and charming boutique hotel and can be named as one of the most elegant property's within the old UNESCO protected city walls of Dubrovnik. The hotel is set in a 16th century building a has only 6 rooms. Several touristic attractions are within walking distance of Hotel St. Joseph, such as the Stradun promenade, the old town of Dubrovnik and the beach of Banje. Included in the room rate are a Continental breakfast and wireless internet.
Situated at a fantastic location Hotel Villa Orsula offers stunning views, | 292 |
Frequently Asked Questions – Karmic Maintenance Inc.
Question: How does the quote process work once I submit the form?
When you submit the Karmic Maintenance quote form you'll receive an email confirmation automatically. Then, within a few hours (or at least by the end of the day) you'll receive another email from one of our Team Members containing the scheduled time he'll be arriving at your home to inspect the job. (You DO NOT need to be present during the inspection.) He'll finalize your quote after the inspection and email it to you. The quote will stay valid for 30 days… Simply call or email when you're ready to schedule!
Question: How long after I request my quote until the inspection?
Question: What if I want to be home during the inspection?
On the "Request A Quote Form" there is a field that asks "Are there any additional details we should know about this job?" In that field, simply mention that you'd like to be present during the inspection and provide the best time(s) that work for you. The Team Member that contacts you will schedule a time that works for you, based on what you request.
Does the inspection cost anything?
No. The inspection simply allows us to give you a fair quote and know what equipment and personnel will be required for the job.
What exactly will you be looking for during the inspection?
We're looking at 1) How dirty the job really is, 2) How steep the roof is and how difficult the corners are, and 3) The specific sizes of the areas we need to clean so we can estimate how long the job will take to complete. We're also noting what equipment we need to stock in the service vehicle the day of your cleaning, how many crew members we'll need to work the job, and who inside our crew is a good match for whatever the job requires.
Question: What do you base your prices on?
Question: How do your rates compare to other small crews?
Question: When do I pay and how can I pay?
No deposit is required for us to start cleaning your home. Once we're done with the job and you're fully satisfied, you can make your payment using Visa, MasterCard, Cash, Check, or E-Transfer.
Question: How long has your company been around?
Question: Do I take on liability for your workers when they're on the job?
No. Karmic Maintenance is fully licensed to operate, and insured by Wawanesa Insurance for liability coverage up to two million dollars. All our employees are registered and protected with Worksafe Canada (which provides full coverage in the unlikely case that anything should go wrong).
Question: What's with the "Karma" stuff? Are you guys a bunch of Monks?
Are there any compliance measures I need to take before hiring Karmic Maintenance?
No. Karmic Maintenance, Inc. meets all of BC's and Vancouver's regulatory guidelines regarding<|fim_middle|> schedule the cleaning to occur within five days. If there are any unique concerns for the timeframe of the job, tell the Team Member who serves you and they'll work to schedule your job in the timeframe you want.
Do you toss the leaves and muck from my gutter down on to my lawn, for me to clean up?!?
After your gutters have been emptied and sprayed clean, we remove any yard waste that fell to the ground while the gutters were being emptied. We typically use your yard waste bins for disposal, but if the bins are full we remove the yard waste in biodegradable bags and properly dispose of them at a municipal facility.
Will I need to provide the crew with access to water or power?
Do I need to be home when the work is being done?
It depends… You don't need to be home during the cleaning, but we prefer for you to be home so you can personally inspect the work that's been done and we can settle the payment. If you want to be home during the cleaning, tell the Team Member who serves you and they'll work to schedule your job on a day that works best for you.
Will any crew members need to enter my home during the cleaning?
It's highly unlikely. Since we only provide exterior cleaning services we almost never need to enter a home (except in rare case where safe access to a section of the roof requires going through a rooftop door or window, for instance).
We guarantee that we'll continue to work to ensure the job meets your qualifications, and you're happy with how much better your home looks. Our intent is to bring GOOD KARMA to the very dirty task of keeping your home's exterior looking beautiful. We're easy to deal with, we itemize every expense in your quote, and make sure the whole process you experience is quick, and stress-free. | employees, equipment, safety, and insurance. If you are subject to any guidelines from your homeowners association, neighborhood committee, etc. regarding contracted services it would be your responsibility to comply with those.
How soon can my job be scheduled?
Once you've decided to schedule your job with us, we typically try to | 62 |
With the Terminal A American Airlines Admirals Club DFW has itself a domestic lounge winner.
Seating: Some of the seating arrangements are nicely situated, others are just silly here at the Terminal A American Airlines Admirals Club DFW. Most seats though are plenty comfortable with typical 2000's era deep loungers and some thinner, armrest-free chairs scattered in the main parts of the lounge.
Outlets aren't hard to find but seats are easy at the American Airlines Admirals Club DFW at Terminal A.
What's great is that there are different rooms throughout the space sporting different arrangements suited for different types of travelers from solo to group. We missed it, but it seems there<|fim_middle|> but we're told this A Terminal Admirals Club DFW location is less crowded than it used to be when it handled international arrivals. With those operatons moved to the D Terminal your chances of finding a seat next to an outlet aren't that bad.
It's our favorite kind of cheese: Unrefridgerated. Cubes and crackers at American Airlines Admirals Club DFW at Terminal A.
Service: Admirals Club front desk staff was very friendly. The agent had a tough time finding our day pass in the system but eventually concluded that the agent at Newark hadn't entered it into the system correctly. He happily cleared it up quickly and welcomed us into the lounge.
Showers: There are showers attached to the lounge fitness center. Yes, there's a fitness center.
Summary: This might be the best Admirals Club DFW has to offer where space is concerned. Built to handle the much larger crowds an international terminal serves up, it's now a spacious oasis for domestic passengers. Friendly service and just slightly better than standard food offerings (we like cookies), make this is a pretty nice domestic lounge.
How to get in: We got in using a US Airways day pass that came with the now defunct US Airways Mastercard. Unfortunately, that yearly benefit isn't a part of the Barclay's issued American Airlines Aviator card post US/AA merger. If you're not a regular Admirals Club visitor and just can't take the gate chaos on a long delay, your best bet might be to pony up for a day-pass ($50 at time of this post). The Citi AA Executive World Elite Mastercard gets you in for free…if you're not counting it's hefty annual fee.
I like the Terminal A club and have been there many times. It's one of the few or maybe the only places inside security at DFW that you can still smoke since they remodeled the AA club in D and took out the smoking area there. I would imagine they will remodel this lounge some day but I hope for others that they keep the smoking room. I don't smoke but it's a hassle for smokers to have to go through security just to smoke during a layover. | 's even a "secret" room offering even more room to spread out.
Food/Drink: The free options here for food are just slightly above average for a domestic lounge. On our visit, hot soup was offered alongside cubed cheese, olives, fruits and snack-size veggies. Boozy and soft drinks at the Terminal A Admirals Club DFW are served at the staffed bar, as is the case inside all Admirals Club DFW locations (Terminals A/B/C/D).
Premium food is offered and can be ordered for purchase and include breakfast sandwiches and more savory items in the afternoon/evening.
Wi-fi/Connectivity: It's a big lounge but wi-fi worked well in each spot we tested. Power outlets were a little harder to find | 154 |
Over the years our company has been recognised many times by not only our peers within the real estate industry, but also by independent surveys of our clients, resulting in an ongoing client satisfaction of our levels of customer service of more than 90%.
In an industry where recent surveys show that less than 1 in 10 consumers consider real estate agents to be honest and trustworthy, we are very proud of this recognition and achievement and will continue to strive to be the "Best Real Estate Agency in the World."
In May 2011, Finning First National achieved their highest customer service score since first being nominated for the awards in 2000. Their score of 99.58% is an outstanding result at a level very few achieve and demonstrates that our approach to customer service is one of the highest standard.
Finning First National is proud to again be named the winner of the Real Estate category for the Casey-Cardinia Business Achiever Awards. We thank our valued clients for nomin<|fim_middle|> this year Frank Barrett was named as the top salesperson in the nation - the third time he had received this outstanding award. Frank was presented with his award on the night by Mr. Neil Jenman. - the founder of the Jenman System of Ethical Real Estate Practice.
At the same awards ceremony, Frank was also named as Australia's top lister of real estate.
In recognition of his outstanding levels of performance and sustained excellent sales results, the First National Group presented Frank Barrett with a Chairmans Circle Achiever recognition.
Frank Barrett was once again named the Australia's No.1 Salesperson for the 2003 year at the Awards presentation held at the Gold Coast in sunny Queensland. Frank's outstanding sales results, dedicated client care and complete focus on listing and selling real estate earned him this well justified recognition of his efforts.
The Leader Newspapers (publishers of the Cranbourne Leader) conducted an awards recognition program for small businesses within the Cranbourne region. The awards were based upon initial nominations and votes from members of the Cranbourne Community for businesses who they believed demonstrated a culture of outstanding client care and business practices. Finning First National were greatly honoured to be named as the Winners of the Real Estate Category of these awards for 2003.
The previous convention and awards night was considered so good in Melbourne the previous year that the organisers decided to repeat the performance and hold the 2001 proceedings there for a second time in succession. The Finning team were thrilled and honoured to be once again named as the Australasian Office of the Year. The entire staff and their partners attended the gala awards night and the huge silver cup once again found its home at Finning's Cranbourne office for the coming twelve months .
The annual awards ceremony for the first year of the new millenium was held in Melbourne for the first time and the venue was the fabulous Paladium Room of the Crown Casino complex. The Finning team took off the Australasian Sales Team of the Year award for an unprecented fourth consecutive year.
A single salesperson winning both of these awards in the same year was unheard of until now, and the person achieving this honour was none other than Finning's very own Frank Barrett. An outstanding achievement.
This was the first time that this award was announced and Frank Barrett was named the recipient. A just reward, not only recognising Frank's incredible sales efforts and results, but also his dedication to total client care.
In November 1998 at the Australian Real Estate Awards held at the Gold Coast in Queensland, Finning First National were named as the Australian Office of the Year - one of the highest industry awards in the nation.
For the second year in a row, the Finning Sales team were also recognised as one of the best in the nation - being presented with the Australian Sales Team of the Year trophy at the same awards event.
At the Australian Real Estate Awards held in Sydney, Finning & Company were named as the Australian Sales Team of the Year for 1997.
Frank Barrett was also named the Australian Salesperson of the Year 1997 (Tim Owen Trophy) at the same awards ceremony, the first of numerous times that he was to win this outstanding award.
In 1996 The Victorian Government Department of Fair Trading, named Finning First National as the winner of the Fair Trading Award in the Real Estate Category. This award was in recognition of our "What Happens Now" series of information booklets which we produce for the benefit of our clients. | ating and voting us No. 1 in Casey. Thanks also to Leader Community Newspapers and the other sponsors for making this award possible.
2007 also saw the Finning First National office receive an Australian Achiever - Special Commendation Certificate recognising their "Highly Consistent Levels of Outstanding Customer Service Ratings over a Period of Seven Years."
At the 2006 Australasian Real Estate Awards, Frank Barrett was named as the Australian 2006 Lister of the Year in recognition of his outstanding abilities as a lister of properties in the Cranbourne region. Frank received his award from Mr. Neil Jenman at the gala presentation night at the Crown Palladium in Melbourne.
Once again, the First National Real Estate Group recognised the outstanding real estate abilities of Finning's senior salesperson - Frank Barrett, by awarding him with the Chairman's Circle Achiever Award for 2006.
Once again, at the awards night held in Brisbane | 199 |
Eleanor Goodman
Book: Something Crosses My Mind
Translator: Eleanor Goodman
Poet: Wang Xiaoni
Publisher: Zephyr Press
Eleanor Goodman is a writer and translator. She is a Research Associate at the Fairbank Center at Harvard University and spent a year at Peking University on a Fulbright Fellowship. Her book of translations, Something Crosses My Mind, by Wang Xiaoni was the recipient of a 2013 PEN/Heim Translation Grant. Goodman has been an artist in residence at the American Academy in Rome, was awarded a Henry Luce Translation Fellowship from the Vermont Studio Center and received the International Merit Award in Poetry from the Atlanta Review. Her work appears in publications such as PN Review, The Quarterly Conversation, Fiction, Pathlight, Cha, The Guardian, Pleiades, Acumen, Perihelion, The Los Angeles Review and on The Best American Poetry web site.
Wang Xiaoni was born in Changchun, Jilin, near the border with North Korea, in 1955 and spent seven years as a laborer in the countryside during the Cultural Revolution. In 1977 she was accepted into the Chinese Department at Jilin University and in 1985 she moved to Shenzhen, in southern China. She is one of the few women associated with the "Misty" poets, though her poetry tends to focus on what she calls "the complex state of the human psyche" and avoids the overtly political. Wang has worked as a film script editor and college professor. Her publications include more than twenty five books of poetry, essays and novels.
Judges' Citation
"What is so attractive about Wang Xiaoni's poems as translated into English by Eleanor Goodman is her quiet, loving, meditative distance to the mostly anonymous and lonely heroes she clearly knows well. And her attitude to time, which she keeps dragging out of its anchored localities (and barely marked history) to extend and connect, or fuse with specific spaces that she also enlarges in size and scope. Moments prolong into a century or a life, imaginary beasts meld with real animals, description becomes an act of meditation. In a few lines, a village can take on the dimension of a vast landscape – and yet still remain that particular village. And while Xiaoni's characters may not speak, they seem to have a real insight into our experience and lives. In a way nothing much happens in her magic lyricism: the wind blows, the ocean rises, people work or move from one place to another, or wait, or just leave some place, and they have souls (which behave like shadows); someone on a journey sees them, through the window, between one landscape and another, and it's difficult to know why all this is so moving. Reading her, I found myself repeating Auden's phrase "About suffering they were never wrong, / The old Masters." Wang Xiaoni is a terrific contemporary poet gracefully extending the great classical Chinese tradition."
Something Crosses My Mind spans twenty years of Wang Xiaoni's poetry and is her first book to appear in English. It is part of the "Jintian Series" of books of contemporary Chinese poets, published by Zephyr Press in conjunction with the Jintian Foundation of Hong Kong and the Chinese University Press.
Note: Summaries are taken from promotional materials supplied by the publisher, unless otherwise noted.
Eleanor Goodman and Wang Xiaoni read from Something Crosses My Mind
Meeting Death's Envoy on a Winter Afternoon
That messenger with his hands tucked in the sleeves of his silver jacket.
From across the table, we watch
red navel oranges roll all over the table.
The light leaps over to illuminate me
outside the palm trees look like flattened corpses
ancient warriors receiving their punishment.
He's nondescript, a faithful man
one who could be called trustworthy.
Behind silence's back silence speaks quickly
as though signing off<|fim_middle|> know what you think. | on a timetable for the future.
I still can't tunnel out from my insides.
It's no good to run
no good to struggle
no good to leap away.
The most I can do is to try to move heaven and earth
is to sit lazily in this listless afternoon.
Time has treated me badly
all I can do is shun him.
The moon rises, goes to ring its small gong
I open the door, and Death's messenger and I part ways
I use dusk's last light to send him off.
From Something Crosses My Mind by Eleanor Goodman translating from Chinese by Wang Xiaoni
Copyright © Eleanor Goodman 2014
More about Eleanor Goodman and Wang Xiaoni
The following are links to other Web sites with information about translator Eleanor Goodman and poet Wang Xiaoni. (Note: All links to external Web sites open in a new browser window.)
Eleanor Goodman, writer & translator
Interview with Eleanor Goodman, translator from Chinese (Poetry International)
Poetry Night In Beijing: A Conversation With Eleanor Goodman
Profile of Wang Xiaoni (Poetry International)
Poetry review: Something Crosses My Mind, by Wang Xiaoni (South China Morning Post)
On Translating Wang Xiaoni (PEN America)
Have you read Something Crosses My Mind by by Eleanor Goodman translating from Chinese by Wang Xiaoni? Add your comments to this page and let us | 289 |
Challenge your students and let them use their smartphone. Test their knowledge by asking multiple-choice questions, collect their digital questions or play a quiz by using one of the world's leading classroom response systems!
The familiar response from a group of students when being asked a question, is often a long silence. Teaching in front of a larger classroom, hardly makes it impossible to properly interact with students. Some teachers use clickers, an app, or a different system to get instant digital response.
Yet, to facilitate polling simply via cell phone is a new system to most teachers and students. With Sendsteps, teachers easily add a voting question to the PowerPoint slide deck, and the entire classroom can submit answers in just a second; the slide shows the instant results.
The most obvious use of a classroom response system is to ask questions to test the knowledge present in a classroom. To help students adopting a new digital method, it helps to not only use the tool for a regular polling session; At the start of teaching a new subject, you can also use the tool to collect expectations. Simply ask: "What do you expect to learn this semester?". Or use it as an evaluation method afterwards.
Finally, the wordcloud has proven to be a fun interactive element to let students give a one-word summary about what they've just learned<|fim_middle|> minute changes, a sudden turn in your class discussions. No worries, as the PowerPoint tool allows easy changes or additions in your presentation. Imagine a comment from a student that you like to turn into a vote? Within a minute the vote has been added to your presentation. Step away from classic Q&A's and use Sendsteps during a debate, a brainstorm or a pitch. Find creative ways with interactive learning! We're here to think along and to help you getting the most out of Sendsteps.
Get as many replies as possible by taking proper care of formulating your questions. Add the word "I" to quickly trigger your audience, leave no space for multiple interpretations of statements, keep formulations short and simple. And finally, don't over ask your audience; a lot of that relates to the amount of time you spend on dealing with the input. The more you neglect responses, the less inviting it is for the class to reply again.
With most interactive tools, you don't have the PowerPoint integration, let alone the possibility to fully change the design of the slide and the interactive website. With Sendsteps you can integrate every style element into your interactive presentation. Did you know that next to the branding of the interactive website, you can also be sure of data security. Helpful for those tutoring classes where you like to discuss more personal matters. People can contribute without having to worry!
Learning 2.0 doesn't necessarily require the use of an app. With Sendsteps everyone can participate through a website or even via text. Answers to a question can either be anonymous or identified. The latter is handy for the follow up with those who have insufficient scores. And to compliment those with great scores!
Rather use SMS as a response method? That's also possible! Or even allow online and SMS responses at the same time; results from both sources are gathered and presented simultaneously on the presentation screen. Be aware that no additional cost or service fee for SMS is required!
There's no need to wait for results coming in. The moment your students cast their vote, the results are visible on the presentation screen. You might however want to wait to show the results and first ask students their expectations to stimulate engagement and an eager classroom vibe.
No matter if your attendees carry a smartphone or even an old mobile phone. As long as your audience can reply online and via SMS, they're all set! This also means that students can use their laptop or tablet. From behind a desktop, students can even follow classes online or via livestream.
The use of Sendsteps is easy because of the full integration with PowerPoint. There's no need to dive into new stand-alone solutions, and you can simply continue working with a tool you already know. Within your current or new presentation you can instantly add multiple-choice and open questions!
The online dashboard allows you to easily adjust the settings of your interactive presentation. No overkill of settings and options, but a decent selection of options before, during and after your session. Easy to navigate through and always somebody stand-by through our chat support!
By discussing live the input from the audience, you're able to start an inspiring dialogue. This doesn't only foster interaction, but it also helps to get your message across. Next to that it is also helpful that you have access to the results after your session. As such you can follow up with those students that need a little extra help.
No matter if the course is given offline or online; everyone can follow your teaching. If there's access to the response website and people can follow you via Skype, a webcam or a livestream, then you're also able to participate. You can even divide your classroom in an offline group and an online group to add a bit of a competitive element. Isn't that a cool new way of learning? | or what they expect from a course.
Next to voting, you can also use Sendsteps as an open floor to the classroom. Everyone can send in open content, like ideas during a brainstorm, comments on a pitch or questions to a presenter.
No need to worry about what people might send in. Through your online dashboard you're able to monitor every incoming response. You might even point out someone in the classroom to execute this task. As such you also create a sense of ownership of the system, plus the class will be more serious in their contributions.
Last | 112 |
If basking in the sunshine while enjoying the high life in luxury hotels appeals then this could be the dream job for you.
The Mexican beach resort of Cancun is recruiting a different kind of CEO - a Cancun Experience Officer, to promote luxury tourism.
The successful candidate<|fim_middle|>, you can apply on the Cancun.com website. Applications close on December 17, 2017. | will get paid £45,000, and not even have to fork out for rent - you'll be put up in luxury hotels throughout the role.
The advert, on Cancun.com, reads: "As CEO, you will get the chance to swim with whale sharks, explore the jungle, investigate ancient ruins, and much more.
"Over a period of six months, you'll research, capture, record, and represent the destination for Cancun.com."
The applicant must have a "unique eye for capturing stories, a warmth in interacting with others, a self-motivated work ethic, and a dedication to producing high-quality work."
To be considered, you must be aged over 18 by January 1, 2018 to apply. But there's no upper-age limit. A decent little retirement job then?
If you think this job is the one for you | 181 |
Buddhist Global Relief
To answer this question we have to distinguish two different nuances of the word "love." One is an emotional feeling of affection that arises from my direct relationship to particular people. This type of love is not necessarily selfish and egotistical. It is not necessarily driven by an exchange principle, by the hope that others will return my affection and treat me kindly. I may sincerely love other people without hope of receiving anything in return – love them in appreciation of their good qualities and with a heartfelt wish for their well-being and happiness. But the primary basis for this love for the other is my direct connection with that person, and its robustness depends on regular contact. This type of love can range from self-centered attachment to family and friends to a deep devotion to those in my circle of friends and relatives that I admire for their outstanding qualities. What characterizes all shades of love in this sense is its contingency: it depends on circumstances and connections and is thus subject to change when the conditions that nourish it change.
The other type of love is not contingent on external conditions. It does not depend on direct personal contact. It does not even require that we actually like or admire the people toward whom this love is extended. This type of love is generated solely by recognizing other people as subjects, from seeing each person as a center of experience and thereby as the center of a world.
This type of love transcends the subject-object dichotomy that ordinarily structures our interpersonal relations. It emerges when, from the inner citadel of our own subjectivity, we see the other person as a subject and recognize that, as subjects, that person is similar to ourselves. This perception binds us together in a union of subjects, a union in which, no matter what we might feel about the other person as an individual, we recognize that this person, as a center of experience, is endowed with intrinsic value, a value that must be honored and protected.
To be a subject of experience is to seek one's own welfare and happiness – not necessarily in a selfish and exclusive way but as an innate disposition of one's being. As persons, we are each subjects of experience, and thus we each endeavor to avoid harm and suffering. Even more, at the bottom of our being we are disposed to grow and to thrive, to achieve security and happiness, and to realize our potentials, talents, and capabilities. Our quest for self-realization may be warped by distorted ideas about the nature of the good. We may be driven by greed and personal ambition, and in our quest for the good we may hurt others and deprive them of the good toward which they strive. But with a clear understanding of our own good, we would see that our own flourishing depends on the flourishing of others, that we thrive best when others also thrive. From this it follows that we have an obligation to avoid harming others and to help them along their way to achieving their own good.
The recognition of others as subjects means that we see in each person a reflection of ourselves. In doing so we relate to others as subjects who share our essential subjectivity. Since by introspection I can see that at the root of my being is a deep urge for the attainment of my own genuine good, I can know by inference – or better, by direct intuition – that every other person desires their own genuine good. When, through this intuitive contact, I appreciate and honor that desire, that need for the good, I will feel, rising from the depths of my heart, a wish for others to achieve the good they seek.
This wish for others to avoid harm and to attain the good is love in the second of the two senses I distinguished. It is love that responds to the moral injunction, "Love everyone without discrimination or qualifications," or "Love your neighbor as yourself." It is love that is directed, not merely to particular persons, but to every human being (and perhaps to every sentient being) by virtue of their status as centers of subjective experience, and thereby as each the center of a world, of a unique perspective on the universe. The expression of this kind of love is the sense of solidarity, the sense that what affects each affects all and that the good of the others is also my own good.
Love in this sense issues in concern. It manifests as the concern that others may be exposed to harm and danger, crushed by suffering to a degree that will stifle their ability to grow and thrive, that will thwart their potentials for a meaningful and fulfilling life.
In responding to the injunction to extend love to everyone, we have two obligations. Our first obligation is to see that others are protected from harm, which requires that we do our best to provide them with the basic conditions for a life of meaning and purpose: a safe environment, sufficient nutritious food, shelter, and medical care in times of illness. Our second obligation is to help others to thrive. This does not mean that we can impose our own ideas of well-being upon them, but that we try to provide the conditions necessary for them to realize their own potentials in accordance with their own aspirations. Above all, this entails providing them with an education, with the knowledge that will awaken and nurture their capacities for intellectual enrichment and with the training that will enable them to enjoy a satisfactory standard of living.
The work of Buddhist Global Relief is inspired and sustained by this second type of love. We look upon people all around the world – people we will never meet, never see, never know – as essentially like ourselves, as human beings who wish to be free from harm and suffering, who wish to live with dignity and self-respect, but who face formidable barriers to realizing their goals. We recognize that the main obstacle blocking their path is poverty – poverty as manifested in food insecurity, in hunger, in poor health, in lack of education. We endeavor to help them rise above debilitating poverty, especially by freeing them from the ordeal of chronic hunger and malnutrition. Going beyond mere subsistence, we also seek to help them to thrive by providing them with education, to allow the light of knowledge and understanding to illuminate their minds. We see this not merely as the fulfillment of a duty, but as love in action, arising from the resonance of our own hearts to the pain and needs of others, subjects who are essentially like ourselves, each the center of a world.
Video: The Mission of BGR by Bhikkhu Bodhi
Video: Our Mission and Projects
Our history, vision, and mission
Guideposts
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BGR Blog
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BGR projects are designed to provide direct food aid to people<|fim_middle|>S IN TAM BINH HOSPITAL
Help to provide 500 vegetarian meals daily to hospital patients, total 182,000 meals per year. »
Buddhist Global Relief (BGR) is a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization. Gifts are deductible to the full extent allowable under IRS regulations. We invite you to review our IRS Determination Letter and current Form 990.
Efficiency and Results
Since BGR is a mostly volunteer organization our overhead is minimal. We rely on the generosity of our supporters not only for donations toward projects but also in-kind services.
2017-2018 Expenses by Category | afflicted by hunger and malnutrition, to promote ecologically sustainable agriculture, to support the education of girls and women, and to give women an opportunity to start right livelihood projects to support their families. This is a selection of nine of our current 29 projects. Please select "Current Projects" from the menu on the left to see them all.
Burma (via Thailand)
SUPPORTING EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN OF BACKPACK MEDICS
Support education for children of backpack health workers serving displaced Burmese villagers, students and refugees. »
FOOD SCHOLARSHIPS FOR GIRLS TO STAY IN SCHOOL
Support life transforming Girls Access to Education (GATE) program ensuring girls stay in school. »
IMPROVED NUTRITION AMONG CHILDREN IN KORHOGO DISTRICT
Decrease incidence of malnutrition in children especially in the first 1,000 days of life. >>
Meals for Hungry Schoolchildren in Jacmel
Help to give impoverished children at least one healthy meal daily. >>
PROSPERITY THROUGH RESILIENT AGRICULTURE
Improve resilience and income for smallholder farmers, especially women, in Uttar Pradesh. >>
IMPROVING MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH AND NUTRITION
Support proven programs that reach mothers, infants, and children in need of food. >>
EDUCATIONAL SPONSORSHIP OF GIRLS
Provide tuition, books, uniform with insignia and shoes, and some medical screening and treatment. >>
HELPING FARMERS IN DARFUR AFFECTED BY CONFLICT AND DROUGHT
Address critical food insecurity with training and supplies for improved farming techniques. »
MEALS FOR HOSPITAL PATIENT | 358 |
Daniele Bennati (born 24 September 1980) is an Italian road racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Movistar Team. Specialising in fast sprint finishes, Bennati turned professional in 2002, when he joined the team Acqua e Sapone–Cantina Tollo and wore zebra stripes as part of Mario Cipollini's leadout train. Upon joining the Lampre–Caffita team in 2005, he demonstrated the ability to win on his own, and continued to do so when he joined Liquigas in 2008. Bennati has won 11 stages in Grand Tours: two in the Tour de France, three in the Giro d'Italia, and six in the Vuelta a España. He won the points jersey in the 2007 Vuelta a España, and the Giro d'Italia.
Bennati was born in Arezzo, Tuscany, into a family of cyclists. His father did well as an amateur, and his brother raced as a junior. Bennati entered and won his first race at the age of 9. As an amateur he raced in the Grassi Mapei team, and won a stage of the Giro delle Regioni.
At the age of 21, Bennati turned professional and joined the Acqua e Sapone–Cantina Tollo team of the successful Italian sprinter Mario Cipollini. Bennati soon showed an ability to sprint of his own: in March 2002, he finished second in a stage of the Settimana internazionale di Coppi e Bartali, behind Alessandro Petacchi. He took his first victory in June at the Tour of Austria, and he took another one two months later at the Regio-Tour. He was an important part of Cipollini's leadout train, alongside Guido Trenti, Mario Scirea, Martin Derganc and Giovanni Lombardi, helping Cipollini to some of his fourteen victories that year. When Cipollini dropped out of the Vuelta a España, Bennati received his team's support and managed his first strong result in a Grand Tour sprint stage, 5th at the stage twelve finishing in Burgos. A few days later, he dropped out of the race too.
In 2003, Bennati stayed with the same team, although it had changed sponsors and was now called Domina Vacanze–Elitron. As his stature grew, Bennati was seen at Cipollini's side in his favorite Italian races. In the Grand Tours, Cipollini followed his usual practice of dropping out when the road went up, which gave Bennati a chance to race for himself – he was second to Alessandro Petacchi in one of the stages of the Giro d'Italia. His two wins for the year came in stages of the Tour Méditerranéen (in February) and in the Tour of Poland (in September).
At the end of 2003, Bennati signed a contract with the Phonak team. However, his year in the Swiss team was spoiled by a virus that forced him to drop out of Tirreno–Adriatico, and was followed by a recovery of several months. He did not get any victories during that season. In 2005, he signed a contract with the Italian team Saeco Macchine per Caffè, which then merged with Lampre to form Lampre–Caffita, a larger team that designed to compete in the UCI ProTour.
At Lampre, Bennati grew from a promising domestique into a top sprinter. This transition was not instantaneous: early in 2005, he finished sprints behind both his old leader Cipollini, and teammate Giosuè Bonomi. Nevertheless, he accumulated a number of good finishes: 5th in a stage of Tirreno–Adriatico and 28th at Milan–San Remo. His first important result was in Gent–Wevelgem, where he outsprinted Thor Hushovd and Fabian Cancellara for 3rd place, behind the breakaway of Nico Mattan and Juan Antonio Flecha. He tested positive for Betamethasone after the race, but was only handed a warning by the Italian Cycling Federation. A few weeks later, Bennati won the Giro di Toscana. He did not compete in the Giro d'Italia – where Lampre concentrated on the overall victory with Gilberto Simoni and Damiano Cunego – nor did he ride the Tour de France. In August, he won three stages and the points jersey in the Tour of Germany, and had good placings in important races such as the Grand Prix de Plouay (4th), the Coppa Placci (5th), and the Giro di Romagna (2nd). September brought two more stage victories in the Tour of Poland. Thanks to these results, he was chosen for the Italian national team that competed in the UCI Road World Championships in Madrid, but the team leader, Paolo Bettini, finished only 13th. At the season's close, Bennati was ranked 28th in the UCI Pro Tour standings, and had become a rider to watch.
During the off-season, Bennati's team changed its secondary sponsor, becoming Lampre–Fondital, and signed another promising Italian sprinter, Danilo Napolitano, setting up a competition for the top sprinter's spot on the team. Bennati started the 2006 season with two second places in the Gran Premio della Costa Etruschi (behind Alessandro Petacchi, who had taken over Cipollini's mantle as the dominant Italian sprinter), and then took his first win of the season in February's Volta a la Communitat Valenciana, four seconds ahead of the peloton, led home by Napolitano. In March, Bennati was due to be the team's leader for the important races. He probably was not at his best form when he started the Tour of Flanders, and he had to drop out. He was then unable to start the Gent–Wevelgem race. Ten days later, however, a fully recovered Bennati won the final stage of the Giro del Trentino, won overall by teammate Cunego. The next week, he competed in the Tour de Romandie, where Robbie McEwen showed that Bennati was not quite at the top level.
The Lampre team for the<|fim_middle|>iele Righi, Giuliano Figueras, Caudio Corioni, and Mauro Santambrogio) and began the 2007 racing season with two wins in February. In the Tour Méditerranéean he won one stage, with strong support from his teammate Alessandro Ballan, had two 2nd places – marginally beaten in one stage by Mirco Lorenzetto – and won the points jersey. After a fourth place at the Trofeo Laigueglia, Bennati outsprinted Alessandro Petacchi for three wins in the Volta a la Communidat Valenciana. Unlike previous years, Bennati did not compete in Tirreno–Adriatico, choosing to ride Paris–Nice instead, where he had some high finishes but no victories. Once again, he was stricken by illness just prior to Milan–San Remo, where he finished 26th, and the Grand Prix E3 was a disappointment for the same reason.
Bennati's form improved in the beginning of April, where he won one stage of the Dreidaagse De Panne. In the Tour of Flanders, he worked hard for Ballan, who won in a sprint ahead of Leif Hoste. Although he was one of the favorites for the mid-week classic Gent–Wevelgem, Bennati had to withdraw because of a fever and intestinal difficulties. He started Paris–Roubaix but did not make it to the finish. His troubles continued into May; Bennati had to drop out of the Volta a Catalunya, though he did manage a third place in one stage. In the Tour of Switzerland he recovered his health and won the points jersey; although he had no stage victories, he had a second place in the prologue, behind Fabian Cancellara, and second places in two other stages as well, behind Erik Zabel and Robbie McEwen respectively. A few days later, Bennati took 6th place in the Italian National Road Race Championships.
In July, Bennati rode in the Tour de France for the second time; he now had enough stature that his goals of winning a stage and competing for the points jersey were considered reasonable. As his team had no rider for the overall standings, he could count on help from his teammates Ballan, Napolitano, and Corioni. However, he fell in the last kilometer of the second stage and was not able to unleash his sprint until he had recovered somewhat from his injuries. In the fifth stage, he finished 3rd, behind Filippo Pozzato and Óscar Freire. There followed a 6th place, a 4th place, some unsuccessful breakaways, and then, after the last mountain stages, Bennati won twice, including the prestigious final stage on the Champs-Elysees. On the strength of his successes, he was named the leader of the Lampre team for the Vattenfall Cyclassics race, but watched as his teammate Ballan took off from the peloton and held on to win.
In September, Bennati raced in his second Grand Tour of the season, the 2007 Vuelta a España. He won the first stage ahead of Freire and Petacchi]], and wore the leader's jersey for a day, losing it after a fall two kilometers from the finish of the second stage. After two second places, he came into his own during the final week, just as he had in the Tour de France: Bennati won the 17th stage and then the final stage in Madrid, taking the leadership in the contest for the points jersey on the final day of the race. This victory, his tenth of 2007, marked the end of Bennati's season. Although he had been scheduled to compete in the Monte Paschi Eroica and Paris–Tours, he was found to have a broken wrist that ruled out any more racing.
During the final week of the Vuelta a España, Bennati had signed a two-year contract with a new team: Liquigas. Claudio Corioni and Enrico Franzoi, valuable teammates who formed an important part of his leadout train, also signed for Liquigas.
Bennati at the 2008 Philadelphia International Championship.
The move to Liquigas brought up some potential frictions: they now had two stars, Bennati and Filippo Pozzato, whose primary targets for the year would be similar. Any conflict in their spring racing goals disappeared, however, with Bennati's knee injury – a slight patellar chondropathy in the left knee, associated with inflammation of the lateral ligament – keeping him out of action until the end of April. He did not finish his first race back (the Giro d'Oro, but in his next race, the Giro del Trentino, he took 17th in the opening time trial but did not figure in any of the stage finishes. The Tour de Romandie opened with a very short prologue, where Bennati took second behind Mark Cavendish. He also took second behind Robbie McEwen in the first sprint finish, showing that he was coming back into form. This was confirmed with a victory in the final stage, giving him first place in the points classification.
The 2008 Giro d'Italia was a success for Bennati, and was marked by a series of battles with Cavendish. Bennati won the third stage, into Milazzo; the following day, Cavendish won the stage to Lungomare, his first Grand Tour win. The next sprinters' stage was the ninth; Bennati won, by a whisker, over Paolo Bettini, who was racing his final Giro d'Italia. Bennati also won the 12th stage, with a narrow margin over Cavendish; the order was reversed the following day. His three stage victories in a Giro with few stages suitable for sprinters also gave Bennati the points jersey. However, Bennati paid a price for the points jersey: the long pull in cold weather over the Mortirolo Pass caused an inflammation of Bennati's left Achilles tendon, the same leg as the knee injury.
He did not return to competition until August, at the Eneco Tour. There he was second to Tom Boonen in the second stage before winning the third stage and taking the leader's jersey for a day. He was dropped in the fourth stage, finishing in 88th place 22 seconds behind Boonen and losing the lead in the GC to André Greipel. Bennati then dropped out of the Eneco Tour and proceeded to the Vuelta a España in good form – where Pozzato was also a team leader. The Liquigas team won the first stage, a team time trial, with Pozzato crossing the line first and donning the leader's jersey. Bennati served as a domestique for Pozzato during the second stage, but when Pozzato did not retain the leader's jersey he was able to ride for himself. He was 2nd to Boonen the following day, and then won the fourth stage, ahead of Boonen but dropped out after the 9th stage. Bennati was not named to the Italian team for the UCI Road World Championships, and his bad luck in Paris–Tours, the sprinters' classic, continued; he finished 8th in a race won by Philippe Gilbert. However, Bennati won his final race of the year, the Giro del Piemonte; it was his second victory in this race, which he also won in 2006.
At the Vuelta a España, Bennati took his first win of the 2012 season in a very close finish on stage 18, edging Team Sky's sprinter Ben Swift. He dedicated his victory to the memory of Wouter Weylandt and of his grandfather. Bennati left RadioShack–Nissan at the end of the 2012 season, and joined Bjarne Riis' Saxo–Tinkoff on a two-year contract from the 2013 season onwards.
On Saxo–Tinkoff, Bennati managed to be a part of the team for the 2013 Tour de France, even though it was highly occupied by riders like Alberto Contador, Nicolas Roche, Michael Rogers and Roman Kreuziger. His goal for the Tour de France was not to win a stage, but to help Contador to get the overall victory.
^ Jeff Jones (19 September 2002). "Petacchi ascends the throne". Cycling News. Future Publishing Limited. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
^ Kristy Scrymgeour (10 September 2005). "UCI doping news". Cycling News. Future Publishing Limited. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
^ "Bennati sprints to photo-finish victory in Valladolid". Cycling News. Future Publishing Limited. 6 September 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
^ "Bennati joins Saxo Bank-Tinkoff Bank". Cycling News. Future Publishing Limited. 14 September 2012. Retrieved 14 September 2012. | Giro d'Italia was again built around the overall competition, and Bennati was not included. Instead, he participated in the Volta a Catalunya, winning the final stage ahead of Erik Zabel. In early June, he outsprinted his two breakaway companions to win the Memorial Marco Pantani. Although he could only manage 2nd and 3rd places in the Tour of Switzerland, he did wear the leader's jersey for one day and won the points jersey. July brought Bennati to his first Tour de France; he was among the top ten finishers in eight stages, including a 2nd place behind McEwen. He dropped out after a fall during the 16th stage; he was third in the points jersey competition at the time. Two months later, Bennati returned to the Tour of Poland, where he won two stages and wore the leader's jersey for two days.
The following weekend, he won two more races: the GP Citta di Misano-Adriatico and the Gran Premio Industria e Commercio di Prato, but was not chosen for the Italian UCI Road World Championships team, as selector Franco Ballerini opted to do without any sprinters. Although his result in the sprinters' classic, Paris–Tours, was disappointing (37th), Bennati ended his season with a victory at the Giro del Piemonte. This brought him to a total of 9 victories in 2006, but he dropped to 87th place in the Pro Tour standings – largely due to his absence from the spring classics due to illness.
Bennati spent much of his off-season training in the Canary Islands (with Dan | 351 |
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You are here: Home<|fim_middle|> end of the day, gambling is a game of luck. The house is always going to win in the end, and this goes for Baccarat too.
While the game is certainly appealing – thanks to its incredibly low house edge, and the ease at which it can be played – remember, that gambling is gambling, and there are certainly no sure-fire wins available.
Playing Baccarat Online
One of the major differences between playing Baccarat in a land-based casino, as opposed to playing online, is that many of the superstitious elements of the game can no longer be found. Consequently, Asian players prefer to play the game in a land-based casino, than online, as this allows them to play the game in a way that suits them.
However, some game developers like Playtech have attempted to address this by opening special live dealer games studios that are catered especially to Asian players. In fact, Playtech, and Evolution Gaming (two of the world's largest and most reputable live dealer games developers) have even created brand-new game concepts that are designed to appeal to the Asian market.
A good example of one of these games is 'Dragon Tiger', by Evolution Gaming. Still, despite this, you'll definitely find a lot less Asian players online – and legal reasons also play a part in this. Online gambling in Asian countries is very rarely legalized, meaning the only Asian players you'd find at online Baccarat tables would be those living in Westernized countries where online gambling is legal.
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Why is Baccarat so popular in Asia
Baccarat popular in Asia – Head to virtually any casino, and you can guarantee yourself one thing; you'll find Asians playing Baccarat.
It doesn't matter whether you're walking the casino floors in Macau or Vegas, Asians dominate Baccarat tables, and each year, they're estimated to wager billions of dollars on the game.
So, why is Baccarat so popular among Asian cultures? What is it about the game that makes it so appealing? Let's find out!
What is Baccarat?
Baccarat is a popular card game that's played at most casinos around the world. Essentially, it's a 'player vs banker' game, and the game has three possible outcomes; the player wins, the banker (dealer) wins, or it's a tie.
So, how do you play Baccarat?
To begin with, players must first make a wager. This wager can be betting on the players hand, the bankers hand, or the tie bet. Once all wagers have been placed, a two-card hand is dealt to the 'player' and 'banker' spots on the table, one at a time.
The player always receives his or her card first. Once these four cards have been drawn (there is only one player bet per table – players wager on one hand, as opposed to Blackjack, where each player has their own hand) the totals of the cards are compared, and this will determine what happens next.
Now, the goal of Baccarat is to make a hand totalling as close to 9 as possible. All cards 2 through 9 count as their face value, while Tens, Jacks, Queens, and Kings count for 0. Aces count for 1.
So, for example, if a player was dealt a 10 and a 4, their total would be 4. There are certain 'rules' in Baccarat that both the player and banker must follow.
If the player's hand totals 6, 7, 8, or 9, they automatically stand, and no further cards are drawn. A player hand that equals 8 or 9 is known as a neaureral, and automatically wins against any banker hand bar an 8 or 9.
Now, if the player's first two cards equal 5 or below, they 'hit', and receive another card. This is now the final total, and no more cards are dealt to the player.
When it comes to the banker's hand rules, there are also some rules. If they have a 7, 8, or 9 they will always stand. The banker always hits on a total of 0, 1, 2, or 4 – and the banker might hit some 4, 5 or 6 hands depending on what cards the player is holding.
Once all the rules have been followed, the game ends, and the winners are paid out accordingly.
Why Baccarat is Appealing
There are a number of reasons why Baccarat appeals to – not just Asians – but gamblers as a whole.
First of all, the game is incredibly simple to learn, and there's no decision making required. In Blackjack, for example, a players' actions affects not just their own hand, but also the hands of everyone else at the table. In Baccarat, you don't need to know anything, as it's all done automatically.
If you're playing online or live baccarat, the decision each hand is made for you, and similarly in a land-based casino, the dealer will always follow Baccarat 'rules' to determine how the hand proceeds.
It's also popular because the game offers a very low house edge. Regular variations of the game give the casino just a 1.24% edge – meaning that for every $100 staked, the casino only expects to make $1.24 in profit. Of course, in the short-term this house edge doesn't come into context as much, but it does show, and it's one of the main reasons you'll see experienced gamblers playing Baccarat over Blackjack.
So that's a couple of reasons why the game is popular in general – but what is it that makes it appeal to Asian players so much?
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Baccarat – did you know?
– Baccarat has it roots in Italy and was originally played with Tarot cards
– Most people will know that Baccarat is the favourite game of 007. He plays the game in a lot of movies with Casino Royale being the most re-known
– This is probably the only game where the worst hand (being the zero) is the "namegiver" of the game
– Punto Banco is a very famous version of the game, mostly played in Southern America
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"Bond didn't defend the practice. He simply maintained that the more effort and ingenuity you put into gambling, the more you took out." – Ian Fleming, Casino Royale
Superstition, Gambling, Card Games and Asian Culture
One of the major driving factors in the popularity of Baccarat in Asian communities, is the superstitious element involved with the game. In fact, this superstition goes way beyond Baccarat – Asian gamblers, in general, are incredibly superstitious when it comes to gambling, and you'll notice many of them have lucky charms with them.
There are many superstitions Asians showcase when gambling – and another common one is picking up the cards, squeezing them tightly together, and looking slowly at the cards one-by-one. In high-stakes live casino games, the players may grip the cards to tightly, that they bend, and are rendered unusable for the next round.
Players may also blow gently onto the cards, as a way of removing any bad numbers. Of course, this doesn't actually have any effect on the game's outcome, but it's another example of the superstition that's ingrained with Asians minds.
Another interesting superstitious belief held by Asian players, is that, if a player is doing well, they may well be more inclined to bet against the house. Similarly, if the player is losing continually, they may make bets against the player.
Finally, is the importance of the number 8 in Chinese culture. Due to the way in which Baccarat plays, when a player gets an 8 or a 9, the game is over (usually), and the player wins. The Chinese see this as symbolic, as 8 is a sacred number within their culture, so it's another reason why the game is popular.
(As a side note, you may also see Chinese players regularly betting on the number '8' on the Roulette wheel. Again, this is due to the sacred nature of the number within their culture.)
Do The Asians Have It All Worked Out?
It's not unusual to see Chinese players with huge stacks of casino chips – and while some may attribute this to their superstitions…
Remember, at the | 1,478 |
Samaritan's Purse Disaster Relief Specialists on the Ground in Louisiana and Mississippi (Press Release)
International Christian Relief Organization Will Bring Critical Aid to Flood Victims
BOONE, N.C., August 15, 2016 —Samaritan's Purse has deployed advance members of their disaster relief team to Louisiana and Mississippi. They are on the ground canvassing hard-hit areas and preparing to provide relief to victims of the historic flooding, after more than 30 inches of rain have fallen during the past week. As soon as the water recedes, the organization will be positioned to immediately help families impacted by the disaster.
"This record-breaking flood has killed at least six people, destroyed countless homes and displaced thousands," said Franklin Graham, president of Samaritan's Purse. "These families need our help. We want to remind them that they are not alone and show them God's love as we help them recover."
The North Carolina-based organization is seeing entire neighborhoods underwater and homes with only their rooftops visible. This devastating flood has already resulted in more than 20,000 rescues and left some 10,000 displaced families reeling from the devastation.
When the flooded areas are accessible, the organization's Disaster Relief Units will serve as command centers in the hard-hit communities. These units are tractor-trailers stocked with heavy-duty tarps, generators and other tools that will aid in the cleanup efforts.
Samaritan's Purse and its volunteers will help families clean out their flood-damaged homes.<|fim_middle|> fulfill our mission of relief and evangelism worldwide.
Where Most Needed - 12000 | Teams will tear out soaked drywall, remove flooring, clear debris and spray chemicals designed to stop mold growth.
Interview Opportunities:
Tim Haas, manager of U.S. Disaster Relief for Samaritan's Purse
Todd Taylor, assistant manager of U.S. Disaster Relief for Samaritan's Purse, on the ground in Louisiana
Bruce Poss, program manager for Samaritan's Purse, on the ground in Mississippi
On-site Media Contact: Scott Knuteson (770.317.0499)
A group of chaplains from the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association's Rapid Response Team will also deploy to help flood victims in Gulf Coast states. They will be working alongside Samaritan's Purse to provide emotional and spiritual encouragement.
For more information about how to help or volunteer with Samaritan's Purse, go to spvolunteernetwork.org. Donations to help with the flood relief efforts can be made at samaritanspurse.org.
Samaritan's Purse has helped more than 29,000 families in 35 U.S. states following floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, fires and ice storms. In the past six months, the organization has helped people after floods in West Virginia, Texas and Louisiana, and recently provided aid to victims of the deadly tornadoes in Mississippi and wildfires in California.
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Your gift to "Where Most Needed" equips Samaritan's Purse with the resources—including personnel, materials, supporting services, buildings, and equipment—to | 314 |
My blog was featured at this great link party!
Ending one adventure and starting a new one this week! My Hero celebrates his retirement from the Navy after 30 years…starting as a Plebe at the Naval Academy. I hope for some free time soon…the homemade wind chimes I Featured look like so much fun to make.
I love surprises, and this book was certainly a very sweet surprise. Expectation at<|fim_middle|> adventure here in Annapolis! Congratulations to my Hero on his retirement after 27 years of service in the United States Navy. See you next week when the whirlwind subsides! | first glance…a romantic lightweight set in gentle Lancaster county. City girl falls for a buggy driving Amish hunk and sets aside all her sophisticated ways to embrace life on the farm. A nice read for the beach. What I discovered was a story about estranged families, facing past mistakes and looking for the hope in the future.
Rose and Angela, two sisters long separated by past issues, come together in rural Lancaster to visit an aunt they have not seen since childhood. Through the gentle guidance of a loving Aunt and her eclectic group of friends, a trunk of old memories of their mother and a handsome man, who is still on the fence about the Amish church, they argue, scheme and eventually find peace with both the past and the future.
Pretty busy celebrating the end of one adventure and the beginning of another | 164 |
UP alumni want students to know that they have a community and resources waiting for them when they graduate.
On Nov. 4, The Beacon published a Staff Opinion written by Jamison White entitled "Universities should offer 'Life Skills' courses." This Op-Ed highlights the Wile E. Coyote moment many grads and soon-to-be grads may feel: Life is along smoothly and then, all of a sudden, the first weekend in May is right around the corner — the realization hits that The Bluff is no longer under your feet!
Good news — other Pilots have come before you, and we're here to help.
● Would you and fellow students like an introduction to the power of the Pilot Network? Reach out to the Student Alumni Association, which exists specifically for this purpose! You can attend a Lunch with Pilots, a student wellness event or just reach out to bounce ideas off of students and alumni leaders.
● Do you want to pick the collective alumni network's brain about potential career paths, travel advice, or anything else that might be front of mind? Switchboard is a private online community, just for Pilots, where questions are asked and answered!
● Do you want to reach out to someone fresh off the<|fim_middle|> affinity that drives you? We may have an Affinity Chapter for that! Affinity Chapters focus on affinities ranging from academic and professional to social and cultural.
In addition to the resources above, alumni around the nation have built a network of regional alumni chapters. Whether you're planning on landing in Hawaii, NYC or somewhere in between after graduation, chances are we have a chapter near you. Our regional chapters are driven by alumni leaders across the nation and work to be resources, networks, and friendly faces for Pilots wherever they may be. We hear you when it comes to making the leap from college to the "real world," and we are here to assure you that we'll help you land on your feet!
We are confident the resources above will speak to most pressing concerns on a soon-to-be or recent graduate's mind. But, if you're not sure where to start, you can always reach out to the National Alumni Board (NAB) and/or the Office of Alumni & Parent Relations to explore what other resources may be available.
There are a lot of reasons to choose the University of Portland, including the benefit of knowing that the UP alumni family is here to support you as you transition to the next phase of life.
Jason Lesh '01 (NAB Chair), Jen Williams '00, Scott Smith '00 and Ryan Gillespie '14 are on the National Alumni Board executive committee. They can be reached through their respective email addresses found at https://www.up.edu/alumni/nab/nab-members.html. | Bluff? The GOLD Board consists of 12 young alumni leaders in the Portland area; these Graduates Of the Last Decade, or GOLDs, are here to be a resource to current students and recent graduates of UP.
● Do you have a specific interest or | 55 |
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When a beam of light reflects off a surface, the different parts of the beam can interfere in way that shifts the point of reflection. This process is known as the Goos-Hӓnchen effect after the physicists who discovered it in the 1940s.
Usually, this shift is in the same direction as the propagating light. But in recent years, physicists have realised that there are certain classes of materials — or more precisely combinations of materials — in which the Goos-Hӓnchen effect is negative. In other words, the shift in the point of reflection would be against the direction of propagation.
That gave a group of physicists a curious idea. Back in 2007, they suggested that if the negative Goos-Hӓnchen effect could be made big enough, it ought to bring a<|fim_middle|>aterials can trap rainbows, they also absorb most of the light that enters them, making the process highly inefficient.
The new technique suggests a way of trapping rainbows in devices based on silicon chip technology. Handy! | ray of light to a standstill. In other words, the negative shift in the point of reflection in one direction would be big enough to cancel out the movement of light in the other. So the beam itself would remain stationary.
The team went on to describe how this effect could be used in a waveguide to trap a rainbow. Their idea was to taper the waveguide to trap ever smaller wavelengths of light.
Since then various groups have attempted to create metamaterials with the required properties to trap rainbows. Indeed, several groups have claimed successes of various kinds, although none of them ended up using the Goos-Hӓnchen effect.
Today, Rui Yang and pals at the University of Illinois at Chicago change all that. These guys have finally trapped a rainbow in this way for the first time. And they say that unlike earlier experiments, their method is efficient enough to be used in future computing components such as optical memories.
The key to the new work is the discovery of an entirely new way to produce the Goos-Hӓnchen effect. Instead of using exotic metamaterials, which are hard to manufacture and hugely inefficient at optical wavelengths, Yang and co say it is possible to produce the Goos-Hӓnchen effect by placing an interference grating made of silicon on the surface of an ordinary dielectric such as a silica. And by changing the spacings in the grating, it is possible to trap light of different wavelengths.
These guys first demonstrate numerically that they can trap lots of different wavelengths in this way and then go on to demonstrate the effect using a flat slab of silica with silicon gratings in contact with the slab at different positions along its length. "The result clearly gives a "rainbow" trapped along the device," they say.
Removing the silicon grating from the silica waveguide releases the light again.
That's an interesting result that has the potential to be extremely useful. The ability to trap light is widely considered an important enabling technology for purely optical computers. It allows, for example, optical buffers, optical signal processing and so on.
Until now, however, it has only been possible to trap light efficiently by passing it into a Bose-Einstein condensate at ultra-low temperatures. That's not a method that lends itself to small scale optical processing-on-a-chip. And although metam | 471 |
Join Oliver Schinkten for an in-depth discussion in this video What is Edmodo?, part of Learning Edmodo.
- Before we start learning how to use Edmodo<|fim_middle|> resources so that you can organize and share them, assign subgroups, which students can use to collaborate outside of the classroom, start discussions and a whole lot more.
And all of this is part of an online platform, which can be accessed by you and your students anywhere you have an internet connection. So, will you be able to afford Edmodo? Yes. The majority of Edmodo's features are completely free for you to use and you can sign up for an account immediately. Let's dive in and start learning about how you can use Edmodo and its many features in your classroom to improve student engagement and learning. | , let's take a second to understand what it is. Edmodo refers to themselves as a social learning network, which connects K12 learners to people and resources they need to reach their full potential. Edmodo allows you to communicate and collaborate with your students, track student progress and growth, share assignments and quizzes with students, which can then be completed online, conduct polls, share a course calendar, create a digital library filled with | 87 |
<|fim_middle|>? | Brooklyn-based rapper Sean Price, of Heltah Skeltah, Boot Camp Clik and Random Axe popularity, died Saturday morning, his spokesperson verified. He was 43 years of age.
"It is with beyond a heavy heart that Duck Down Music is sadly confirming that Sean Price passed away early this morning in his Brooklyn apartment," a rep for Price said in a statement, according to the magazine.
Price's career started as "Ruck," one half of Heltah Skeltah, alongside Jahmal Bush as "Rock," a fellow Brooklyn native. They released their debut, Nocturnal, in 1996, and both rappers were also part of Boot Camp Clik, a hip-hop supergroup.
Price also performed with producer Black Milk and Guilty Simpson, in Random Axe; and his solo career included three records in 2012, with the last, Mic Tyson, under his own name.
Price rose to prominence as a part of Heltah Skeltah Brooklyn rapper Rock, alongside fellow Brownsville under the moniker Ruck. The pair were members of a hip-hop collective known as the Boot Camp Clik, which also featured Black Moon's Buckshot, Smif-N-Wessun's Tek and Steele and the trio O.G.C. After first appearing on Smif-N-Wessun's revered 1995 LP Dah Shinin', Heltah Skeltah released their own 1996 advent Nocturnal. The primary Boot Camp Clik LP For the People followed the following year that.
While Ruck continued to release music through the past two decades with both Boot Camp Clik and Heltah Skeltah, the rapper rebranded himself under his birth name when he delved into his solo career. As Sean Price, he released three studio albums, 2005's Monkey Barz, 2007's Jesus Price Supastar and 2012's Mic Tyson. Price also teamed with Guilty Simpson and producer Black Milk for his or her acclaimed 2011 LP Random Axe.
Price was working on a new mixtape Songs in the Key of Price, due out August 21st, during the time of his death. Recently, to boost the tape, Price reenacted Tyrese's 1994 Coca Cola commercial on a Fresh York bus.
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AlbemarleKids.com Web Site and Complimentary Print Publications Honored as Exemplary Parenting Material by Parent's Guide.
CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA (October, 2002) – AlbemarleKids, the fastest growing publishing company serving families and businesses in Charlottesville-Albemarle, today announced that their collection of AlbemarleKids publications have won the coveted Parent?s Guide to Media Award for Outstanding Achievement.
Started in 1998, AlbemarleKids is dedicated to being "The Ultimate Resource Making Parenting Easier & Growing Up Fun". Their popular weekly web site now receives over a quarter of a million hits and provides over 15,000 visitors each month with extensive community resources. In addition to the web site, AlbemarleKids also publishes a monthly e-Newsletter and quarterly print publications, which include three Magazines and the annual Directory of Family Services. AlbemarleKids also has a "live" presence in our community that you discover when you look through their publications and see drawings and poetry from local kids, families creating art at AlbemarleKids Care Exhibits at festivals, area schoolchildren actively engaged in helping to create Bumble's Clubhouse and more.
"Today?s parents are busy. AlbemarleKids works to make their lives easier by doing the research for them and putting the local resources they need at their fingertips", said Robin Johnson Bethke Founder and Co-Publisher. "We?re helping parents make time for the important stuff like fishing and finger paints," she adds with a smile.
"By developing AlbemarleKids, we hoped to create a one-stop shop for parents to find great kid?s activities, parent groups, daytrip ideas, extensive guides to local businesses serving families and much more," explained Jennifer Bryerton, Co-Publisher of AlbemarleKids. "This award is affirmation that we?re creating resources that really impact local families in a very positive way."
About The Parent's Guide
The Parent's Guide to Children's Media locates, reviews, and honors children's learning materials and parenting resources to help parents and others find the most interesting and stimulating materials. Products reviewed include books, magazines, computer programs, audios, videos, toys, television programs, and parenting materials. As recipients of the 2002 award for parenting materials, AlbemarleKids join the ranks of distinguished past recipients, such as Nickelodeon Magazines, Inc. and the best selling book, "Raising A Thinking Child".
The Parent's Guide to Children's Media Awards enlists more than 300 volunteers to review materials sent in. The fall 2002 issue of Parent's Guide will include reviews of all books and products that have received awards and honors. The publication is mailed at no cost to interested parents, teachers, childcare facilities, children's librarians and others who are important to the lives of children. Parent's Guide to Children's Media is a non-profit corporation located at Shenandoah University, 186 N. Loudoun Street, Winchester, Virginia 22601. For ordering information, visit the organization's Web site at www.su.edu/parentsguide.
FOR MORE INFORMATION about AlbemarleKids publications, please call (434) 984-4713, or email us, or visit our virtual offices at http://www.AlbemarleKids.com.
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Majestic views and unfathomable nature welcomes you at the Big South Fork National River & Recreation Area. You'll find something to do year round with multiple activities available during any season. From stargazing<|fim_middle|> all that the Big South Fork area has to offer. | , to hiking, to water activities, there is something for everyone all year long at Big South Fork.
Most winter days at the Big South Fork are in the mid 40s to mid 50s. If you're lucky enough to be visiting after the park is covered in a beautiful blanket of snow, then do yourself the favor of getting out and doing some winter hiking. Horseback riding is also a great way to enjoy the beautiful winter landscape without having to work up too much of a sweat.
There are many fun ways to get out and enjoy the Big South Fork during the winter months.
Get out on the water in the spring to enjoy the many water sporting activities available at the Big South Fork. You can enjoy a relaxing and quiet canoe ride or test your nerve while traversing over some of the best white water rapids available. Hiking is also very common during the spring as the plants begin to wake up and show off their colorful new growth.
Rain or shine, there are many fun ways to get out and enjoy the Big South Fork during the spring season.
The summer months are a wonderful time of year at the Big South Fork. You'll discover plenty of things to do from mountain biking the trails to taking a swim to escape the heat. You can also try your hand at fishing or enjoy the warm nights underneath the stars with beautiful views of the night sky.
Many visitors flock to the Big South Fork area in the fall to see the majestic fall colors. You'll be able to enjoy the changing of the season along with taking hikes on top of freshly fallen crisp leaves. Rock climbing is also popular sport and many climbers enjoy scaling multiple climbs throughout the park.
Every season is a great time of year to visit the Big South Fork! So visit often and appreciate | 358 |
Look at that picture over there. What '80s TV cartoon lover wouldn't want that set as he (or she, I suppose) ages sadly into nerdy middle age?
It's everything that was good and right about after-school television during the Reagan era. It was good battling evil with weapons that never hit anybody and exploding vehicles that always ejected their passengers before they were harmed.
The G.I. Joe Complete Series DVD Set from Shout Factory hits stores on Nov. 11, though it's available via pre-order online now. For just $145, you get 17 DVDs including all 95 episodes of the TV series. Special features include eight new retrospective featurettes, G.I. Joe's original 1963 Toy Fair presentation, the "Knowing Is Half the Battle" PSAs, a printable episode script and a G.I. Joe<|fim_middle|> 60-page book. And this one comes for only $140. That leaves $5 to spend on breakfast cereals to cram into your face as you stare blearily at countless hours of '80s imagination. | dog-tag-style flash drive.
Before you buy that, dig for a little extra scratch for Shout! Factory's major release this week — Transformers: The Complete Series. This time, we're talking 16 DVDs, 98 restored episodes, magnets and a | 54 |
Home International Syria Showed How low Human can Go
Syria Showed How low Human can Go
As long as soldiers die in wars, it is fair and justified. But when soldiers kill women and children and use women as Subject for sexual pleasure to exchange food and survival, it is a new low that human can go.
Nitish Raj
Since eternity the women have been on the mercy of men of this stern society and when society itself gets into a complete chaos, it is needless to assess the dolor of this so-called better half of the society. At the time when people of war-torn Syria are in a jeopardy, the women are getting exploited to their utmost extent. Could it be even worse that they are forced to present sexual favors in lieu of the aid which they are promised? The so-called welfare agencies which even consist of the mighty United Nations Organization (UNO) are refuting such claims as they consider themselves unaware of such things. The other humanitarian agencies are turning a blind eye to the exploitation as the international staffs which claim themselves of being the messenger of humanity couldn't access in these areas. Do even these agencies have the right to call themselves a humanitarian agency?
Continuous Syria Bloodshed is a Disgrace in the Name of humanity
SYRIA – A PARTICIPANT AND AN OBSERVER
Children are<|fim_middle|>ों के खिलाफ, उत्तर प्रदेश शीर्ष पर: एमनेस्टी...
Inauguration | Exploring Economic Opportunities in West-Asia | SEMINAR
India ranks first, receives remittances worth USD 80 bn: World Bank
Hats off to Maulana Wali Rahmani
तेलंगाना: दलित कार्यकर्ता डॉ. सुजाता एससी सीट के लिए उतरीं चुनावी...
PM Modi, Wickremesinghe hold talks; discuss development projects in Lanka
जामिया मिलिया इस्लामिया में तीन दिवसीय अंतराष्ट्रीय सम्मलेन का आयोजन हुआ
US Praise for Pakistan should not Worry India
Germany strikes balance in Work-Life
A New Era of Friendship between India and China? | Real Victims of Conflicts and Wars
The Real Reasons behind Syrian Conflict
Could it be more disturbing for a woman that these Syrian women are refusing to go to distribution centers because people would assume they had offered their bodies for the aid they brought home? The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) presented a report "Voices from Syria 2018" said that these helpless women in the desperate need of food and basic things were forced to marry the officials in order to provide them 'Sexual Services'. The report further added, "Women and girls 'without male protectors', such as widows and divorcees as well as female IDPs (Internally Displaced Persons), were regarded as particularly vulnerable to sexual exploitation." According to a survey by the International Rescue Committee (IRC), 40% had said sexual violence took place when they were accessing services, including humanitarian aid.
After such a lowly crime getting exposed the blame game has started which also consist of self-defense from every other agency blamed by the other one. Indeed! There have come agencies to aid these women in distress but the million-dollar question arises that how much we have degraded morally? How can we be so much licentious in nature that we tend to exploit the women for a bar of soap? Can we be so morally mean that we just see the body of a woman as an object of our lust fulfillment even at the time when she is in agony? Obviously, these things need to be addressed by the policy makers otherwise we should abolish these so-called humanitarian agencies which in no way deserve to exist even.
failure of UN to save Syria
making Syrian Women sex subject
save Syria to save the world
Syrian women Exploitation is beyond humanity
women used as sex slave in war prone Syria
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Nitish Raj is an MBA dropout from a renowned management institute of India. Reading novels is his passion and so is writing opinion-editorials and non-fiction articles on social issues related to women empowerment, gender equality, caste system, social transformation. His favourite books are The White Tiger, Eleven Minutes, The Da Vinci Code, Animal Farm amongst many others. Some of his favourite authors are Paulo Coelho, Dan Brown, Munshi Premchand, Franz Kafka, Charles Dickens, etc. Though not a movie freak by fashion, he loves analysing and interpreting Bollywood movie themes and connecting them with real life issues. Notes On A Scandal, Paycheck, Arth, Dil Se, etc. are some of his favourite movies. He has won about 12 awards for academic excellence, other quiz and scholarship competitions and winner of Corporate Quiz Contest, Inter- College Competition, State-Level Quiz Contest and star achiever in organization during the project completion among many others. He is also working on a couple of fiction books on women empowerment and other women issues.
Indian-origin woman gets three years imprisonment for smuggling people into the US
ICJ orders Pakistan to Review Kulbhushan Case, victory for India
Nearly 2,000 Hong Kong seniors march in support of young protesters
Will this poll mark a new dawn for Pakistan?
65% घृणित अपराध दलित | 677 |
Realme GT review
the Realme GT
Realme GT's
the Realme GT's
the Asus Zenfone
the Nubia Red Magic
Realme's
Netflix –
Future US Inc
Tom Bedford
Realme GT.Named
deals!Thank
SOURCE: https://www.techradar.com/reviews/realme-gt
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A few small issues, like software bugs and poor heat management, don't detract much from the overall package.You may know Realme for its cheap phones and low-cost earbuds and smartwatches, but the company has just made its most<|fim_middle|> its competitors in this department.At this speed the phone goes from empty to full in just over half an hour, so you don't need to worry about remembering to plug the device in overnight, as you can easily keep it topped with just a few minutes every morning.You want a powerful smartphone
As said here by Tom Bedford | eye-catching phone yet in the shape of the mid-range Realme GT.Named after the grand tourer type of sports car, with its connotations of sleek looks and high performance, the Realme GT is the first in a new series from the Chinese tech brand.Price and release date Should I buy it?While Realme has put out mid-ranged handsets before, with its X series sometimes putting feet tentatively over the line, this is the company's first concerted effort to hit the low-cost/high-spec market with one distinctive line – and for the most part, the Realme GT is a roaring success as a phone that offers impressive specs at a low price.In terms of processing power the Realme GT laps its competitors, as it's one of the most affordable phones to pack the Snapdragon 888 chipset. The screen looks great – it's an AMOLED display with a smooth 120Hz refresh rate – and the phone's body isn't too big, so it's easy to use one-handed.We can't go without commending the Realme GT's design either, as it's certainly distinctive. The official euro price starts at €449, which converts to about $550, £390 or AU$710 at time of launch, and we've treated these conversions like official figures for the purposes of this review.The Realme GT has a distinctive design, with (on the phone we reviewed) a yellow faux-leather rear broken up by a black glass strip that trails down from the camera bump. The standard used to be 60Hz, and plenty of phones still stick to it, but the upgrade here means you'll see motion looking smooth and slick (though you can downgrade to 60Hz or use a variable refresh rate, both of which will save on battery life, if you prefer).The Realme GT's screen is good for the phone's price, and is more than fit for purpose for anything you'll be using the device for.The Realme GT has three rear cameras and one front one: on the back you've got 64MP main, 8MP ultra-wide and 2MP macro snappers, and round the front is a 16MP camera for selfies and video calls.We found pictures taken with the front camera appeared very bright, thanks to the post-processing beauty tools – perhaps a little too much so, in fact, as snaps looked a bit artificial at times. This wasn't tied to problems with headphones or poor data connection, and we experienced the problem regularly, enough to highlight in this review.It's possible that this bug isn't widespread, so if you buy this phone it might not affect you, but we wouldn't be doing our job if we failed to mention it.The Realme GT packs a 4,500mAh battery, which is about average for a phone at this price, and that's the exact word we'd use to describe the device's battery life: 'average'.We found the Realme GT handily lasted a full day between charges, whether we were only checking social media now and then, or streaming Netflix, playing a quick game of Call of Duty: Mobile and listening to music throughout the day.With heavier use we sometimes saw the battery life drop to single-digit percentages by night-time, but we never needed to power up the phone during the day; a second full day of use was generally out of the question though.A full day of battery life is about average for a smartphone, but what's not-so-average is the handset's charging speed: at 65W, the Realme GT laps | 736 |
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Fandom:
Molly Solverson
Greta Grimly
ladysisyphus
M<|fim_middle|> characters left | olly still wasn't exactly sure what a spleen did, but having had one shot out of her sure slowed her down at the Logging Festival.
For safelybeds.
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Molly still wasn't exactly sure what a spleen did, but having had one shot out of her sure slowed her down at the Logging Festival. Fortunately, Gus had been there at every step, offering various objects and pulling out chairs and asking about every ten minutes if Molly was tired, or hungry, or tired and hungry. She'd been both by the end, so when Gus had bought her a turkey leg and gone to retrieve the car from the lot a half-mile down the road, she hadn't been in much of a place to protest.
Greta was there too, munching on her own turkey leg. She had her dad together had damn near eaten the festival bare, and Molly was pleased to see a girl that age who wasn't so concerned with her weight that she couldn't eat her own funnel cake and then polish off the bits of Molly's own that she hadn't been able to finish. Greta was so unlike the way Molly had been at her age, so vibrant and confident -- she wore an embroidery-floss bracelet with block-letter beads spelling GRETA IS GREATA -- that sometimes Molly felt like throwing her arms around her and hugging her until maybe some of what Greta had rubbed back off on the girl Molly was long ago.
"If you marry Dad, are we going to move to Bemedji?" asked Greta, staring out at the sea of pedestrians and cars in front of them. She'd sounded casual when she'd said it, but that was only enough to fool a dad, not a detective.
There were plenty of things to say, such as this isn't even a date, you know or maybe we're a long ways off from talking about that, except Molly knew what Greta knew -- and maybe what everybody else in the world except Gus knew, by this point -- which was that barring catastrophe, this was it. You had a lot of dates when you could when you were young, and some lasted a short time and some lasted a long time, but they were all rehearsal. By the time you were thirty-one, there wasn't a lot of point in fighting the conclusion.
"Probably," Molly said, following Greta's line of sight out toward the snail-like progression of cars through the venue grounds. "I mean, I've got my job, and your dad, he's--"
"Fired," Greta finished, sounding just as casual.
"Well, no, not necessarily fired. But...." Molly took a deep breath; she hadn't needed a very detailed recap of the hearings to understand how they'd gone. "You know he doesn't really like that job, don't you?"
Greta nodded and took another bite of her turkey leg, and Molly waited in silence for her to finish chewing and swallowing. At last, she sighed and tucked her feet up so she sat cross-legged on the bench. "I know," she said. Her fingers worried at her bracelet. "All my friends are in Duluth."
And there were plenty of nice responses to that one, such as oh, you'll keep in touch! and you can still come see them! and the worst of the bunch, you'll make plenty of new friends! "How many friends?" asked Molly.
There was a pause, and then Greta held up three fingers.
"Three, huh?" Molly nodded. The silhouette of Gus' car rounded the bend in the growing dusk, but it would be several minutes yet before he got anywhere near where they were. "When I was a kid, I had a whole two. Bernie and Bertie. Twin boys, a year older than me. Lived across the street. We used to go fishing together with our dads. Then they moved to Boise when I was ten."
"Bernie and Bertie in Boise?" laughed Greta, and now that she finally turned to look at Molly, Molly could see the edge of redness around her eyes. Molly had almost chased it from her memory, the feeling of what it was like to be at that age, to have everything in your life at the mercy of someone else's decisions. As though the world itself weren't terrifying enough on its own merits, your dad could fall in love with a strange woman from halfway across the state and all of a sudden, it'd be you who'd have to tear out your whole life and hope it took root somewhere three hours away.
"I hope they opened a bubble bath boutique," Molly quipped, which made Greta giggle. Molly sighed and considered the gesture for a moment, then went ahead and put her hand on Greta's shoulder. "I want you to know that you can talk to me. About ... whatever. If you're scared about something or sad or just ... thought up a really funny joke and there's no one around to say it to, you can call and say it to me. I'd really like that."
Greta's expression didn't change, but there was still something behind her eyes, a little hardness that softened right then. If there was one thing Greta was, it was a fighter -- but maybe Molly could work to help make this less of a battle, and she could save her strength for when she'd need it in the months and years to come. "Okay," said Greta, extending her hand, and when Molly took it, Greta gave it a firm shake and didn't quite let go when it was done. "Hey, how do you catch a unique rabbit?"
Baffled by the sudden change of topic, Molly frowned. "I don't know, maybe you could--"
"Unique up on it," Greta interrupted, delivering the punchline with such a deadpan hit that for a moment, Molly wasn't sure a joke was what she'd heard at all. As the corners of her mouth shot up into a smile, Greta's own face became a quieter mirror of the expression. "How do you catch a tame rabbit?"
"No clue," said Molly.
"Tame way."
Molly groaned and gave Greta a gentle shoulder punch, which Greta returned with equal tenderness, and by the time Gus had the car up to where they were, they were still laughing and making the best approximations they could of a 'unique rabbit noise'. Gus opened the door and frowned, startled by their gestures, which only made them laugh until tears streamed down Molly's cheeks and the hole through her belly began to throb. That was all right, though; after all that had happened, all that had been gained and lost and pitched into such frustrating limbo, it felt good to have that kind of reason to cry.
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Please get in touch to check availability if you want to stay with me in Glencoe. I am a small B&B so believe in the personal touch when dealing with guest enquiries. I do not have online booking on my website<|fim_middle|> quickly.
Thank you for contacting Heatherlea Bed & Breakfast in Glencoe.
We will get back to you, with your accommodation request as soon as possible.
Approximate driving times are 1 ½ – 2 hours from Glasgow. The B&B is just off the A82 in Glencoe Village. As you enter Glencoe, there is a turning on the right signposted Kinlochleven and Glencoe village. Take this turning and then turn immediately right into Glencoe village. Just head up into the village and the B&B is situated on the right hand side, just pass the village shop (which is on your left). There is a white and purple Heatherlea B&B sign. Turn into the drive and parking is on your right as you head up the drive so before the small white building. The house/B&B is on the right. The front door is via the left hand gate by the house and then into the back garden. Please press the doorbell and I look forward to welcoming you.
From Fort William take the A82 south. Continue along the main road and over the Ballachulish bridge over Loch Leven. At the roundabout continue along the A82 past Ballachulish to Glencoe.
From Oban take the A828. You will drive under the bridge at Ballachulish coming to a roundabout. From here take the first exit left and continue along the A82 past Ballachulish to Glencoe.
As you enter Glencoe, there is a turning on the left signposted Kinlochleven and Glencoe village. Take this turning and then turn immediately right into Glencoe village. Just head up into the village and the B&B is situated on the right hand side, just pass the village shop (which is on your left). There is a white and purple Heatherlea B&B sign. Turn into the drive and parking is on your right as you head up the drive so before the small white building. The house/B&B is on the right. The front door is via the left hand gate by the house and then into the back garden. Please press the doorbell and I look forward to welcoming you.
The B&B is approximately 14 miles from Fort William and Ben Nevis.
If you are travelling by bus, you will find timetable details by visiting the Scottish Citylink website. The bus stop to get off at is 'Glencoe Crossroads.' Once you are off the bus just walk up into the village and follow directions as above.
If you want to get a bus from Glencoe to Kinlochleven then you need to catch the Shiel Bus (please click on to get timetable). It is bus/route no N44.
Scotrail runs a regular service from Glasgow Queen Street to Fort William on the West Highland line. Click here for timetable details. There is also a sleeper service available from London.
A taxi can be hired from Fort William station. Alternatively, car hire is available locally.
The most convenient airports are Inverness (90 miles) and Glasgow (83 miles) from where you can hire a car.
For any general travel/timetable enquiries, there is a nationwide travel information service available, called Traveline Scotland. One number gives access to information about all rail, coach, bus, ferry and internal air services in Scotland. Telephone 0870 608 2608. All calls will be charged at the national rate. | but I aim to get back to you | 8 |
Happy 2019! I hope everyone had a nice relaxing holiday break and is ready to conquer another year—it's back to the real world grind for me today, and while I loved the extended vacation, I am excited to get back into my weekly routine and lean into my new job.
I wanted to start 2019 off with a What's On My Nightstand post since it's been a while since I did a reading roundup—I may try to do them at the beginning of each month in the new year to better stay on top of them! You can always follow along with what I am reading in real time over on Goodreads—feel free to friend me there.
Each year, Goodreads allows you to set reading goals for yourself, so for 2018, I made it my goal to read 52 books—one book per week. I am happy to say that I accomplished that goal and read exactly 52 books. In the spirit of self improvement, my goal for 2019 is to read 62 books—I can't wait for a whole set of new stories and worlds to explore in the new year!
One Day in December by Josie Silver—this<|fim_middle|> White House. Though Becoming has been talked about a lot in the media lately, I'm glad I read it myself—there are so many stories that haven't been talked about ad nauseam that Michelle shares, and I loved getting an inside look at what it's like to be First Lady.
Would I recommend it? Regardless of your political affiliation, I think everyone can take something away from Michelle's story and her process of becoming.
I am really hoping to read more this year so I've added a bunch of your recommendations to my amazon wishlist! One Day in December sounds sooo good! Happy new year Katie!
You are going to LOVE One Day in December!
I love the book graphic at the beginning of the post! Happy new year!
I can't believe you read 52 books last year. I'm not nearly as busy or active, my goal was only 28, and I barely made it through HALF. You impress me. Added a bunch of these to my new goal list. Wish me luck! | book is included in the recap below, but I couldn't put it down. I love how it explores the idea that we all start as strangers and that things tend to work out in ways we least expect it. It's a great read on romance, friendship, and growing up.
Love and Other Words by Christina Lauren—another great love story, this one stands out among much of the "chick lit" I read this year because it's so well-written with many plot twists I didn't see coming. I also love that it follows Macy and Elliott's love story over the years—and shows how communication really can prevent years of heartache.
Next Year in Havana by Chanel Cleeton—a wonderful read told across the generations as Marisol who journeys to Havana to spread her grandmother Elisa's ashes in her homeland. Elisa fled Cuba during the Castro revolution with her family and moved to Miami, and her and Marisol were extremely close. It's a story I think many can relate to, regardless of whether or not they are Cuban (I'm not!) and I can't wait for the sequel to come out this year.
Beauty in the Broken Places by Alli Pataki—this is probably one of the best memoirs I've ever read. Alli and her husband are en route to their babymoon in Hawaii when her husband has a massive stroke en route. The plane is forced to make an emergency landing, and Alli's whole life changed in an instant. Despite the circumstances, this is a memoir filled with hope.
From the Corner of the Oval by Beck Dorey-Stein—I loved this memoir so much and thoroughly enjoyed that DC as a city had many cameos throughout Beck's story as Obama's stenographer, a job she found on Craigslist. It's definitely a must-read if you want the inside look at the White House.
Let me know which books you loved in 2018—I will be sure to add them to my list for 2019! And, without further ado, here's a roundup of books I've been reading recently.
If you liked Slightly South of Simple or The Secret to Southern Charm, I think you'll really like Southern Solstice by Sarah Sadler. My friend Emma recommended it to me, and I couldn't put it down! It follows the story of 24-year-old Larken, who's fiancé randomly dumps her. She leaves the life they created in the PNW and heads home to Charleston, South Carolina, where her prominent aristocratic family has lived for generations. While in town, she reconnects with her first love, Jackson—while at the same time, begins falling for a passionate surgeon, who just so happens to be her boss.
Would I recommend it? Definitely—this was a really cute, well-written read, and as I mentioned, if you liked Slightly South of Simple or The Secret to Southern Charm, I don't think you'll regret picking this one up!
A spin off (but not a sequel to!) Southern Solstice, I enjoyed Southernmost just as much—if not more. This story follows Kayla Carter, the mother of Jackson's daughter. The pair had gotten accidentally pregnant in college, but recently parted ways. Kayla moves to Jackson's hometown after an ultimatum from him. Soon thereafter, though, she learns he's broke and has troubles with alcohol. So, Kayla begins a job at a local restaurant, which eventually leads to greater professional and romantic opportunities.
Would I recommend it? Yes! But read Southern Solstice first.
I picked this one up because it was Reese Witherspoon's book club pick for November. (You can see all of book picks here—I am trying to make my way through all of them overtime!) Emily and Adam are dating, and he seems like the perfect guy. Then, Emily meets his mother, Pammie—and it seems like her main mission in life is to chase Emily away. At every turn and family event, Pammie is undermining Emily, telling her the wrong information, being downright rude, and even going as far as to faking an illness on Emily and Adam's wedding day. I was so frustrated by Pammie for the first half of the book—it seemed like it was a lot of the same plot, just repeating itself in different circumstances. Then, little by little, you learn more details and things really pick up.
Would I recommend it? I would—especially if you enjoy books with a good plot twist.
When I first picked this book up, I'll admit that I side-eyed it a little bit since it's the first book where you can shop the characters clothes. I realize that's a little hypocritical coming from me seeing as my side hustle is running a lifestyle blog, but one thing I love about reading is that it may be the only place in my life that I'm not being sold to. Luckily, the links to buy the characters clothes were minimally hyperlinked throughout the text (I read this book on Kindle!) or footnoted at the end of each chapter.
The story on this one was really cute—two childhood best friends, Andi and Jack, fall in love during college, only to realize that maybe they met when they were too young. As their post-grad lives seem to pull them in different directions, they decide to take a break and set a date to meet at their favorite restaurant, Hayden's, in five years. They're only to come back to Hayden's if they want to give their relationship another shot. The story follows their lives over the intermediate years—and I loved to the suspense of seeing if they would both return to Hayden's.
Would I recommend it? 100%! I loved this book—and the shopping aspect did not detract from the story at all.
I picked this non-fiction read up after Meg Hall recommended it on her Instagram stories. It's a great read on the lost art of buying for life and how today fast fashion and marketing really contribute to us replacing items that don't need to be replaced and buying things we don't really need, which in turn, really has a huge environmental impact. It also goes into a lot of the history of planned obsolescence—for instance, lightbulb manufacturers realized their product was too good, and made a pact to lessen the life of the lightbulb. If any of the manufacturers broke the pact, they'd impose fines on each other. It was a quick read, but I learned a lot—and have been thinking a ton about my consumption habits since then!
Would I recommend it? Yes—especially if you want to rethink how you're living and interacting with your belongings in the new year.
This was Reese Witherspoon's December book club pick—and, as mentioned above, was one of the best books I read all year. One day in December, Laurie sees a man at the bus station. Their eyes meet and it's an instant of pure magic, but then her bus drives away. She spends the next year of her life looking for the boy from the bus station. Then, her best friend, Sarah, introduces her new boyfriend Jack to Laurie, who turns out to be the boy from the bus station. They both recognize each other from the night the year before, but don't acknowledge it. The story then covers the next ten years of Jack's, Sarah's, and Laurie's life—and explores how fate impacts our lives and loves.
Would I recommend it? STOP WHAT YOU ARE DOING AND PICK THIS ONE UP ASAP!
I picked this book up when it was on sale on the Kindle store for $1.99 and read it while I was in San Antonio. It follows the lives of four lifelong friends who live in Sonoma, California and are all experiencing different struggles that your mid-30s can bring. One friend is thinking about leaving her lazy husband, one friend was recently attacked by a date and finds herself falling for the man that saved her, one friend is secretly battling cancer, and one is ravaged by money problems.
Would I recommend it? It's a cute read—but I think there are better stories out there!
My friend Emma told me she wanted to read this book and I added it to my list, mostly because I loved the cover! Sasha Goldberg is a recent grad who takes a job at NYC matchmaking firm, Bliss. While using Tinder to find dates for her matches, she finds her boyfriend's profile and realizes he's been cheating on her. As a rebound, she begins dating one of the matches she set her clients up with—which is in clear violation of Bliss policy. Chaos ensues! This is a great coming-of-age tale and an interesting look at the modern dating landscape.
Would I recommend it? Add this to your beach read list.
As I've mentioned before, I'm part of a program with Random House where I can select a few of their new titles to read each month. I'm under no obligation to post about them and always give you my honest review. Recently, I read The Adults, which I wasn't a huge fan of—so much so, that I decided to stop about two thirds of the way through. The plot sounds like it'd be intriguing—Claire and Matt are divorced, but they want to give their daughter, Scarlett, a Christmas to remember as a united family. So they, along with their new partners, Pat and Alex, pack up for a Christmas at Happy Forest holiday park. Seven-year-old Scarlett brings her imaginary giant rabbit, Posey, along for the trip. After a few too many drinks and conversations about the past, the police are called to investigate a dispute. I really wanted to like this story—especially since it was described as Love Actually meets The Holiday, but truthfully, I didn't really see those comparisons at all. Scarlett's conversations with Posey were draining to me after a while, and didn't add much to the story—and I never got invested in the adult characters. Once I realized I didn't care how things ended, I decided to put this one down.
Would I recommend it? No—I rarely don't finish books, but I had no desire to see this one through!
I was initially on the library list for this one, but realized that by the time it was my turn to check it out, it'd probably be 2022—so I went away and bought it. This memoir written by Michelle Obama talks about her upbringing on the South Side of Chicago, her time at Princeton, a majority white and male institution when she enrolled, how she met and fell in love with Barack Obama, and their amazing ride to and in the | 2,174 |
I've heard through the grapevine that you are a master packer. I'm not surprised by this. Katherine told me that when the four of you showed up in New York that you only had<|fim_middle|> the matte black and big frame. They are available online and in the states in CA, NJ or Hawaii. Lucky for me I'm going to Hawaii in a week so I'm hoping that they have that exact pair there.
Last week I bought the above clothes for Isla. It's by this line called Tea and it's carried at Lapin Calin. Have you been there? And if so, why haven't you told me about it! It's right on Brentwood across from the Library. We've passed it countless times together. The truth is that whenever I'm on that side of Bloor shopping doesn't really enter my mind. It's either library, starbucks, bake sale or rainbow songs. I was getting my nails done last week and parked on Brentwood. I had a few minutes to spare and ended up staying a bit longer then expected because everything was so cute. I really love that there is such a wonderful children's boutique right in The Kingsway.
I'm pretty stoked that there's a place 5 min from home that has great clothing, shoes, blankets, backpacks and baby necessities. The gift options are endless. I also love the line Tea. As you can see it's all adorable. If you live in the west end it's definitely a store to check out. | one bag!? Is that the truth? If so, you need to give me a lesson because I think I'm awesome packing 2 bags for the 4 of us.
I've always been the type of packer who puts together outfits so that I don't end up having a lot of extras that I never wear. I also try and keep jewelry and shoes to a minimum by packing lightweight and neutral choices. When I backpacked through Australia and Europe I always put all my tops, pants, sweaters in separate bags so that I could just pull them out easily and stay organized. The above are some of the outfits I came up with for Nelson B.C this summer. I'm thinking this next trip to Hawaii will consist of a lot of dresses instead which will hopefully keep my packing to a minimum.
Speaking of which I need to get moving on laundry and packing for 3 ASAP! If anyone has any tips or tricks with packing please share!
You want to know the problem with Birks? They are so darn comfortable that you wear them with just about anything and then end up with a pretty distinct tan line on your feet. If you look at the top picture it's kinda hard to miss the mark across my feet! I guess I need to start applying sunscreen to my feet as well. Anyways, I've been looking for a pair of leopard shoes for a while and although there are plenty I liked these were the winners. You can find them here and they are on sale. Club Monaco has a beautiful collection of shoes. Especially all the new fall stuff. If you don't want to order online and live in Toronto the Bay and Bloor location apparently has the entire collection.
Mike kept asking me what I wanted for my birthday but I took care of it myself. I bought these amazing coated moto jeans. They are ridiculously comfortable. I live in black skinnies so I wanted to add a little versatility to my wardrobe with a coated pair. Speaking of black skinnies though, I need a new pair as my last ones had holes in the bum which I didn't figure out until after I got home...that was really fun, showing off my bare bum without knowing it! I have several pairs I'm liking right now. You can find them here, here, here and here.
Last but not least. These shades are my new favourite. I love | 478 |
Someone remembered Emily's birthday. A card arrived for her at Sean's.
That afternoon, in the mailbox, along with the bills and junk mail and fashion magazines that—now that Emily was gone—no one ever read, was an envelope addressed to Emily Nelson. Same handwriting, same brown ink as the ones in the manila folder I'd found in the vanity table.
It was one of the cards that Emily got from her mother every year. The sight of it gave me chills.
Did Emily's mother still think she was alive? Had her caretaker not gotten around to giving her the bad news? Had she decided that Emily's mom wasn't strong enough? Or was there something else? Did some lingering mom intuition tell the old woman that her daughter was still alive?
That same night, I showed the card to Sean. He stared at it, clearly unnerved and upset, trying to look as if he had no idea what it was. He knew what it was.
He said, "The poor old thing is so demented she forgot Em is dead. And Bernice can't bring herself to keep reminding her. I think she's letting Mrs. Nelson believe that her daughter is alive . . ."
For just a moment, I wondered if he could be lying. He'd never called Emily "Em" before. Besides, Emily wasn't dead. Did Sean know that? Were they playing some cruel joke on me? Was I the pawn in some evil plan they'd dreamed up together?
That I didn't know and couldn't ask made me conscious of how little trust there was between Sean and me, though that didn't seem to interfere with there being heat. Not every night, but often enough so that we were both willing to stick around for it. Sean wasn't the cuddliest guy on the planet. I didn't expect him to be. He was British. He was right with me when we were having sex, but afterward he'd grunt and turn away, as if he wanted me gone.
Finally I said, "You have to tell me if this isn't working out for you. If you're having second thoughts. Tell me. Do you want me to leave?"
He said, "What are you talking about, Stephanie?"
It was worse than his saying yes.
The postmark on the envelope was illegible, but I could make out the letters Michigan. Could Emily have sent the card to herself? Was it part of her scheme to mess with my head? Was she somewhere outside, watching us celebrate her birthday with our candle and cake? Without her. What was she looking for? What was she planning?
I asked Sean, "Can I open the card?"
He said, "Sure. Go ahead."
In that same spidery brown ink, it said, as always, To and From
Unless Emily had done a terrific job of forging her mother's handwriting, she hadn't sent it. And why would she send a birthday card to herself from Michigan and make it look as if it came from her mother?
The only explanation was that her mother didn't know that she was dead. That she was supposed to be dead. Or her mother knew something I didn't.
I couldn't get the birthday card out of my mind. It became another obsession.
Call it sixth sense or whatever, but I became convinced that I would understand everything if I could only meet Emily's mother and ask her a few questions. It was more than the usual curiosity about where a person came from. I was sure that Emily's mother could solve the mystery of where Emily had gone and why, of how she'd disappeared and why she seemed to have returned from the dead. Even if her mother didn't know what happened, she might say something useful that would make everything clear. Was she as ill as Sean said? She, or someone, had remembered Emily's birthday.
I found the phone number on the internet. I felt a little breathless when it came up on my screen: Mr. and Mrs. Wendell Nelson in Bloomfield Hills.
I called the number. Twice. The first time it rang and rang. The second time an old woman with a reedy voice answered.
"Hello?" she said. I couldn't speak. She said, "Is this those damn kids next door fooling around again? I told you I'm not home."
The third time I said, "Mrs. Nelson, I'm Stephanie. I'm a friend of your daughter's. A friend of Emily's." Under normal circumstances, I would have told her how sorry I was about Emily. But the circumstances were anything but normal.
"She never mentioned a Stephanie," the woman said. "I never heard anything about a Stephanie. Who did you say you were?"
I said, "A friend of Emily's. Your grandson Nicky is my son's best friend."
"Oh," she said wistfully. "That's right. Nicky."
So this was one of her good days.
"How old is he now?"
"Five."
"Oh," she said. "Dear God."
My heart went out to her. How long it had been since she'd seen him?
I don't know what possessed me to ask, "Do you think I could come visit you?"
My whole body tensed as I waited for her to hang up or say no.
"When," she said.
"Next weekend," I said.
"What day?" she said. "What time? Let me check my schedule."
I knew Sean wouldn't want me to go. I invented an Aunt Kate, desperately ill in Chicago. I asked Sean if he could watch the boys, and he said yes. Neither of us had to mention how much time I'd spent alone with the kids.
That I couldn't tell Sean the truth reminded me that there was no one I could rely on. I was all alone. Still, I trusted him in the most important way—to take care of my son when I was away overnight.
I was still sleeping with Sean. But I couldn't tell him that Emily was calling me and taunting me with secrets only she knew. He would say I was making things worse. That I couldn't face the truth. Maybe I'd lost touch . . .
Was I losing my mind? Imagining things? Maybe I was still in shock from my friend's disappearance and death. Maybe Sean was right. Maybe I was refusing to acknowledge the reality of Emily's death and making things worse for everyone.
Especially me.
I flew to Detroit and rented a car. I found Emily's mother's house, a mansion with pillars and a portico, like the house from Gone with the Wind transplanted to the Midwest. There was a circular driveway and hummocks of overgrown shrubbery hiding a lawn covered with dead brown weeds.
The old woman who answered was small and bent over, dressed in a cashmere sweater, stylish pleated pants, and expensive shoes with higher heels than I expected. Her white hair was pulled back neatly, her bright red lipstick expertly applied. She looked a little like Emily, but more like Grace Kelly if Grace Kelly had lived to be eighty.
The air smelled of rose potpourri as she showed me into a large, grandmotherly living room full of good old furniture and dark paintings of shadowy figures in heavy frames.
"Remind me who you are," she said. "I've gotten a bit forgetful, I'm afraid."
"Stephanie," I said. "Emily's friend. My son is Nicky's best friend."
"I see," said Emily's mother. "Do you need to use the bathroom?"
"That's all right," I said. "I'm fine, really. I'm fine . . ." I was babbling.
Mrs. Nelson perched on a chair covered in rose-colored velvet, and I sat on the edge of the couch. It was an uncomfortable couch but remarkable, in a way. Old-fashioned, faux French antique, with shiny silk embroidery. Deep pink-and-white candy striped. It was so unlike anything that Emily would ever have allowed in her<|fim_middle|> she?
Through my shut eyelids I heard Mrs. Nelson ask if I needed water.
"I'm fine. It's a lot to take in."
She said, "Emily blamed me for Evelyn's problems. But I'm telling you—do you have children, by any chance?"
"My son is Nicky's friend," I reminded her.
"Then you understand. It wasn't my fault. They're born the way they are. There's not much you can do to change that. Every parent knows that. I loved the girls the same. Mental health problems run in my family, though no one was ever allowed to say so. We weren't supposed to notice that half our aunts and uncles were in the loony bin.
"Yes, the girls were identical. They have the same DNA! But I never mixed them up. Emily had the mole underneath her eye, and there was something funny about the top of Evelyn's ear."
I was listening hard and at the same time my attention was drifting. Mrs. Nelson was a mother. I didn't know if she knew that one of her daughters was dead.
One of her daughters. It hit me again. They have the same DNA. The coroner might not have been able to tell the difference. The mole under the eye and the funny ear no longer mattered by the time they found the body in the lake.
My brain was working overtime, cranking out theories. Did Emily kill her sister and dump her body in the lake? Had she planned that all along? What a perfect way to fake her own death . . .
"Please get yourself some water," Emily's mother said. "You don't look at all well."
"That's all right," I told her. "I'm fine."
She leaned forward and touched my knee, and in a suddenly conspiratorial tone said, "Want to hear something ridiculous? When my husband was alive and the girls were younger, I felt I had to hide my drinking. As if I were the child. And now I can relax at cocktail hour with a glass of gin, and there is nobody around to tell me I can't do this perfectly appropriate thing that every adult should have the right to do. No one can tell me not to! Care to join me?"
It was two in the afternoon. "No, thank you," I said. "It's kind of you to offer."
Only now did I notice a tray with a decanter and two glasses on the table beside her chair. She poured herself a full glass of clear liquid and drank it in steady, grateful sips.
"There. Much better. Where was I? Oh yes, the twins. Emily and Evelyn were absolutely just as bizarre as people say twins can be. For one thing, they were telepathic. Even as children, they just had to look at each other and they could communicate. Can you imagine raising children like that?
"Emily was the dominant one. She was born first. She was six ounces heavier. She gained weight faster and walked first. Evelyn was always . . . smaller and sadder. Less confident.
"They went through their teenage wild years at the exact same time. A double picnic for their mother, believe me! Their adolescent rebellion continued well into their twenties. I think they played dirty tricks on men, on their boyfriends. They were pretty and popular. Decorative. Which meant there was drinking and drugs. Are you sure you wouldn't like a sip of this?" She offered me her glass of gin.
"Thank you, no. I'd love to, but I have to drive back to the airport."
"All right, then. One thing I remember. They got into a terrible fight in front of me and their father. It was a holiday. Christmas? Thanksgiving? I can't recall. We'd somehow managed to get all of us in the same room. This was a little before Evelyn really started to go down and Emily to go up.
"It was a vicious fight. I think about a boy. I can't remember. I'm not sure I knew at the time. They slapped each other. That stopped the fight. Stopped it cold. They went off to their rooms.
"The next day they went into Detroit and got those horrendous tattoos. Those vulgar barbed-wire bracelets. To remind them that this was the hand that slapped her sister. Or some baloney like that. It was a promise they'd never fight like that again. I don't think they ever have. Not to this day."
Not to this day. She thought they were both alive.
Unless Emily had told her sister what I'd told her at the county fair, it was Emily who had called. And it was Evelyn's body that had washed up on shore.
"Where did you say Emily's sister lived?"
"Last I heard, Seattle."
"Anything more exact than that?" I asked. "Do you have an address?"
"I wish I knew. Bernice helps me with the birthday cards. I just sent one to Emily in Connecticut. But the last address we have for Evelyn is an awfully seedy motel in Seattle. Bernice googled it, and we saw."
She leaned forward. "What business is this of yours? Remind me, dear."
She'd said dear like a witch in a fairy tale. Threatening and insulting.
"I don't know," I said. "I'm sorry . . ."
All through my visit, it seemed as if she could turn the lights on and off behind her eyes. Now they'd clouded over again. Night, night. Nobody home.
"I'm tired," she said.
"I'm sorry, I didn't mean to . . . thank you." I stood up from the pink and white couch, looking behind me to see if I'd dirtied or messed it up. "It was kind of you to let me visit."
"Remind me why you wanted to meet me?"
"Curiosity," I said.
"Killed the cat," she said. I heard a note in her voice—like Emily's. I felt another chill. I shivered. The old woman noticed. She liked it. She tilted her chin and laughed almost girlishly. She was present again, for the moment.
"I'll be leaving now," I said. "Do you want me to . . . call someone?"
"She's leaving!" said Mrs. Nelson.
I heard footsteps. A tall and still beautiful woman in her fifties wearing dark blue nursing scrubs and a tangle of gray dreads tied behind her neck appeared in the doorway.
"This is Bernice," said Mrs. Nelson. "And this is—?"
"Stephanie," I said. "Nice to meet you, Bernice."
Bernice gave me a neutral, forgiving look. I sensed that she had been monitoring her employer's conversation and approved of, or at least hadn't minded, our talk. First Mrs. Nelson, then Bernice held out their hands for me to shake. I shook their hands and thanked them.
Bernice walked me to the door then closed it softly behind her, and we stood on the front porch.
I said, "I understand the police spoke with you. I'm so sorry about Emily."
"If it is Emily," Bernice said. "They never could tell those girls apart, maybe not even in death."
All this new information, these new theories and new suspicions were a lot to process at once. I thought of Miles, which always calms me.
I asked Bernice, "Did you mention your suspicions to the police? Did you tell them about Evelyn?"
"I let them think what they want to. This is Detroit, baby. Rich white Detroit, but still . . . Best not to contradict or come up with anything new. The less you mess with the police, the better off you are. I tried to call Emily and figure out what was what, but she never picked up her cell. Her mama's better not knowing. I don't want the poor thing to suffer any more than she already has. Sometimes she thinks she has two daughters, sometimes none, sometimes one . . . I can never predict what will stick with her and what will slide right off. Lots of times she surprises me with what she remembers . . . Did she mention the car?"
"What car?"
"She remembers Evelyn stole her car a while back. Both the girls had car keys. And one of them got into the garage and drove the car away in the middle of the night. My bet, it was Evelyn. Emily can rent any car she wants. Am I right?"
I nodded. That sounded right, and yet it made everything even more confusing. I wanted to stay here and ask Bernice questions all day. At the same time I wanted to hurry back to my hotel room and think about what I'd heard.
"Mrs. Nelson was hysterical. She kept asking me how she would get around. I couldn't bring myself to tell her that she hadn't driven for years. I said we'd take taxis, like we always did. I told her not to worry. I helped her send Emily's birthday card, just like I have for years."
"She's lucky to have you, Bernice," I said.
Bernice made a face. I was afraid that I'd insulted her. But she wasn't thinking about me.
"She deserves some good luck," she said. "She's had such bad luck with those girls. In the islands, we're careful around twins. You watch yourself." She listened for sounds from inside the house. "I've got to get back in there . . . There's no telling what she'll . . . You have a safe trip back."
There was no time to ask her what she meant by being careful and watching myself.
Once I left the suburbs, it was a bumpy ride. Considering that Detroit was the home of the auto, I was surprised that the roads were so bad. Steering around the potholes made me focus and kept me from freaking out over what I'd just heard.
Emily was a twin.
I was so jumpy that when I pulled into the rental place and the guys in uniform swarmed all over the car, one of them asked if I was okay.
I said, "I'm fine! Why is everyone asking?"
I got rid of the car and took the shuttle to the Detroit Metro airport hotel. I was glad I hadn't gone for the cheapest option, glad there was a minibar, glad I could drink two little bottles of bourbon, one right after the other. I was glad the bed was nice and clean so I could get under the covers with all my clothes on. Glad I was together enough to call down and ask the desk clerk to phone my room in plenty of time for an early flight.
I pulled the blanket over my head and closed my eyes. The Diane Arbus photo of the twins swam up from the darkness. I saw it more clearly, I remembered it better than Emily's mother's snapshots. I could still see their party dresses, but I couldn't recall what Emily and her sister were wearing in the family photos. They weren't dressed identically. Was that something their mother told me? She never dressed them alike. Or was that something I'd figured out? What difference did it make?
The last picture seemed to have been taken at their high school graduation. They were wearing caps and gowns. They both looked young and hopeful.
What happened after that? Mrs. Nelson thought Evelyn was in Seattle. But she had no address. How long before the old woman forgot them both? Was this something Emily knew and counted on to help her do what she was doing?
Whatever that was.
I could have reacted in all sorts of ways. I got angry. As if I was the one who'd been wronged. I knew some people might fault me for sleeping with Emily's husband. But I felt as if she'd done something to me first, tricked me, used me . . . not telling me she was a twin. Letting me and Sean—or maybe only me—think that she was dead.
And then deciding to let me know that she was alive.
The dominant twin. She had all the power.
Did Sean know she had a twin? He'd never mentioned it. Had she managed to keep that secret even from her husband?
I lay there thinking of how to let Emily know that I knew.
After a while it came to me. Emily had slipped up. She shouldn't have let me know that she read my blog. That was how I could get in touch with her. It gave me a little control, a way to be heard. And I didn't have to worry about Sean, who didn't read my blog.
I lay awake working out the wording to my blog post. How could I let Emily know that I'd been to her mother's and I knew her secret—but without revealing what it was? | house.
"My husband is dead," her mother said.
At least she knew her husband was dead. This must be one of her really good days.
"He worked in public relations for an auto company. Who would think Emily would also go into PR after having seen what the '88 recall did to her father?"
She pushed her glasses down her nose, leaned forward like a bird pecking at grain, and for the first time actually looked at me.
She said, "You don't have any idea what the '88 recall was, do you?"
It was better to be honest. I shook my head no.
She said, "You really are stupid, aren't you?"
Already I could understand why Emily might have chosen to keep her distance. I felt so sorry for her, having a mother who would say something like that! Then I remembered that Emily had called me stupid that last time she'd called on the phone. Passing along the damage she'd sustained from her toxic mother. I'd so often blogged about people trying to make moms feel stupid. I was really sick and tired of being called stupid. Of being made to feel stupid. But I couldn't afford to react.
If Emily's mom thought I was stupid, if she doubted that I was really Emily's friend, she would never tell me what I wanted to know. I had no idea what that was. I would know when I heard it.
I said, "Would you like to see pictures of Nicky?"
"Nicky?"
"Your grandson," I said.
"Of course," she said politely. "Where?"
I brought my phone over to her and stood beside her chair, flipping through my photos of Miles and Nicky. She seemed attentive. I couldn't tell if she wanted me to stop.
Then she said, "Which one is . . . ?"
"Nicky," I reminded her.
"Of course. Nicky."
I pointed to her grandson.
"Adorable," she said uncertainly.
I was relieved when she said, "That's enough. He's very cute."
She looked at me and sat back and said, "I've seen this in a movie. You and I were in a movie I saw on TV. You wanted to look at childhood photos of Emily. That's why you're here, isn't it?"
"Yes. I'd like that."
Even as I said it, I realized it was true. That was exactly why I was there.
"Would you like some tea?" she said.
"No, thank you," I said.
"Good," she said. "I don't think there is any. I'll be right back."
She rose and slowly shuffled out of the room. I heard murmuring. Mrs. Nelson and another woman. Her caretaker, I assumed.
I had a few minutes to look around. A grand piano draped with an embroidered Spanish shawl. Soft lighting. A mirrored credenza and a formal portrait of Emily's mother in an evening gown, decades ago. Probably before Emily was born. It made no sense that this was where Emily grew up, though I realized I had no idea what kind of place that would be. She'd never talked about her childhood home.
There was a funny anger in the way Mrs. Nelson moved her head and thrust the album at me, or maybe she was just in a hurry to sit back down in her chair.
The album was like the albums in which people keep CDs. Each photo had its own clear slipcase that gave off a faint plasticky smell.
I turned several pages before I understood what I was seeing.
In every picture there were two Emilys. Identical little girls.
Two identical Emilys in a garden, on a beach, in the woods in front of a sign that said Yosemite National Park. Two girls with blond hair and dark eyes, two Emilys aging as I flipped the pages.
"What's the matter?" said her mother. "You look terrible, dear. Are you all right?"
I thought of the Diane Arbus photo over Emily's fireplace and remembered her telling me that it was the thing she loved most in her house.
Mrs. Nelson said, "Remind me which one is Emily. Was she the one with that odious birthmark under her eye? Lord, I positively begged her to have it removed. Though it was sometimes the only way I could tell them apart. Of course, later, when Evelyn was always drunk or high, that made it easier."
I said, "I hadn't known that Emily was a twin."
She frowned. "How is that possible? Are you sure you're a friend of my daughter's? What do you really want here? I'm warning you. I've got security cameras everywhere."
I looked around. There were no security cameras.
"It's just strange," I said. "She never mentioned—"
"Evelyn. Her sister."
"Evelyn?" I said. "Where does she live?"
"Good question," her mother said. "I never know. Evelyn has problems. She's spent time in some extremely expensive rehab facilities that guess-who paid for. From time to time, I've lost track of her, and it turns out she's been on the street. Emily tried to save her sister. Tried and tried. I think she gave up."
How could Emily not have mentioned the fact that she was a twin? Why did she keep it a secret? For a moment, I couldn't remember her face. Which of the twins was | 1,120 |
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Newcomers impress as Trojans wrap up spring ball
<|fim_middle|> incredible amount of talent, Jackson's performance so far should earn him the opportunity to fight for a bigger role in fall camp. It wouldn't be a surprise to see him on the field regularly once the season begins.
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7ads6x98y Scroll to top | By TAJWAR KHANDAKER
April 14, 2019 in Football, Sports
Early-enrollee quarterback Kedon Slovis played surprisingly well at spring practice. (Ling Luo/Daily Trojan)
Now that spring football practice has come to an end, the Trojans won't take the field again to prepare for the 2019 season for two months. There's no shortage of questions surrounding the team; the way it bounces back from last year's disappointing season may define the program for years to come.
Though little more than a month of spring football doesn't make the answers to those questions much clearer, it does give a better idea of what to expect from some of the younger team members.
Throughout spring ball, a number of early-enrollee incoming freshmen on both sides of the ball made strong cases for playing time in the fall. With the loss of so many veterans to the draft, the freshmen's ability to step up and contribute will be perhaps the most critical factor in the coming season.
Defensive back Briton Allen, a late flip from Georgia Tech, found his way into plenty of reps this spring as a result of the numerous injuries hampering the secondary. Allen performed impressively when thrust into the fire at cornerback in the early practices — a departure from his usual safety position. Though his technique and footwork in coverage have a ways to go, Allen's raw football instincts and aggressiveness showed up regularly.
Allen continued to play well once he was moved back to safety, a position where the Trojans sorely lack depth. With the loss of so many veteran players in the secondary and the injury woes of many that remain, Allen's versatility could make him a crucial player in the fall.
Outside linebacker and defensive end Drake Jackson was perhaps the biggest shining star of spring ball. Jackson already looks the part of a Division I edge rusher, standing at 6-foot-4 and 260 pounds and having been compared to USC legend Leonard Williams by head coach Clay Helton. Jackson carries that frame with tremendous athleticism, showing a rare burst off the line of scrimmage along with a special quickness in moving off of blocks.
Jackson showcased his raw physical ability during the spring showcase, where he made a ridiculous one-handed interception at the line of scrimmage and proceeded to run it back for a touchdown. Jackson has been one of the most disruptive players on the Trojan front seven throughout the spring, and seems likely to have a big role to play come fall.
On the other side of the ball, quarterback Kedon Slovis has been a pleasant surprise for the Trojans. The Arizona native came into the spring with few expectations other than to be the fourth-string quarterback, yet his strong play has caught the attention of everyone in attendance.
Slovis showcases a natural understanding of the timing necessary for throws in offensive coordinator Graham Harrell's system, as well as refined touch on his passes. He doesn't have the strongest arm, and his mobility is limited. However, his ability to quickly make reads and put the ball where and when it needs to be makes him worthy of notice at the position. Although it's highly unlikely he wins the starting job, his ability to run the offense smoothly provides the Trojans with more security at signal caller — something a team always needs.
Fellow offensive newcomer wide receiver John Jackson III has been one of the most fun players to watch throughout the spring. From the first week of practice, Jackson has looked like he's played in this offense for years. His route running is smooth and sudden, with exceptionally clean breaks that allow him to create separation with ease. His natural athleticism, sound hands and route-running ability made him a favorite target throughout spring ball, regularly making plays against the first team defense.
Though the receiver room is crowded with an | 775 |
Government meeting? Work call? Virtual happy hour? How to better secure that meetup
In this age of telework, dangers continue to lurk at home in digital meetups. But<|fim_middle|>"Using some basic precautions can help ensure that your meetings are an opportunity to collaborate and work effectively — and not the genesis of a data breach or other embarrassing and costly security or privacy incident," Greene wrote.
About Andrew Eversden
Andrew Eversden is a federal IT and cybersecurity reporter for the Federal Times and Fifth Domain. He previously worked as a congressional reporting fellow for the Texas Tribune and Washington intern for the Durango Herald. Andrew is a graduate of American University.
Phishing incidents dropped at federal agencies last year
Census Bureau outlines next 10 years of cybersecurity needs
Four agencies warn banks and customers of COVID-19 scams
IRS hasn't implemented more than 100 federal watchdog cybersecurity recommendations | there are steps you can take to ensure privacy. (gorodenkoff/Getty Images)
In this age of government telework, virtual meetings and even the occasional happy hours, and staying indoors to slow the spread of the new coronavirus, dangers continue to lurk at home in digital meetups.
For example, meetings on Zoom, a videoconferencing platform, are being "bombed" by trolls who are logging into insecure meetings, taking them over and presenting distasteful images.
The problems aren't exclusive to the United States. In Britain, Prime Minister Boris Johnson and his Cabinet met over Zoom last week, just days after the the Ministry of Defence banned its staffers from using the service, according to a report from Sky News.
But there are steps virtual meeting and happy hour attendees can take to ensure privacy. In a March 17 blog post, Jeff Greene, director of the National Cybersecurity Center of Excellence at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, warned that insecure meetings on virtual platforms could lead to private information being stolen.
"If virtual meetings are not set up correctly, former coworkers, disgruntled employees, or hackers might be able to eavesdrop," Greene wrote in a blog post, titled "Preventing Eavesdropping and Protecting Privacy on Virtual Meetings."
In his post, Greene said that businesses need to limit the reuse of access codes, warning that "if you've used the same code for a while, you've probably shared it with more people than you can imagine or recall."
For sensitive meetings, he suggested using single-use identification codes, along with multifactor authentication.
Greene also wrote that the meeting shouldn't be able to start until the host joins. The host should also use a dashboard to monitor attendees and have new attendees announce who they are upon joining.
For web meetings with video, Greene wrote that features like file sharing and chat need to be turned off, and participants should make sure they aren't about to expose sensitive information before they share their screen.
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