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Descrozaille promoted to Middle East leadership role with Mövenpick
Mövenpick Hotels & Resorts<|fim_middle|>.
"Marc has become an invaluable member of the management team and his international experience is proving a real asset in enhancing the ongoing success of our MEA operations," remarked Olivier Chavy, president, Mövenpick Hotels & Resorts.
"As we say a fond farewell to Andreas, I hand the baton to Marc, confident in his abilities to build on the remarkable momentum we have achieved in the region and to maximise the many opportunities we have identified to grow our footprint and brand presence."
Descrozaille joined Mövenpick Hotels & Resorts from Carlson Rezidor where he was area vice president for the firm's Africa & Indian Ocean operations.
He has significant experience working in the Middle East, having also been employed as regional director, UAE, Egypt, Jordan and Oman for the hotel group.
He has also held key executive positions at several major hospitality companies including Hilton, Compass Group, and London's Claridge's Hotel.
Originally from France, Descrozaille is a graduate of Ecole Hôtelière de Lausanne where he received a degree in hotel and restaurant management.
He also has an MBA from IMHI (Cornell-Essec) in Paris.
"It is a privilege to be promoted to President Middle East & Africa – a role I will relish as Mövenpick continues to cement its reputation as a hotel company that delivers a unique style of hospitality to world-class standards in a growing number of key destinations across the region," said Descrozaille.
"As a custodian of the brand and its core values, I look forward to championing the essence of what Mövenpick stands for - from culinary innovation and high-quality service to our unwavering commitment to sustainability - while consistently delivering our we make moments business philosophy to guests."
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AHIC 2019: Construction contract signed for Mövenpick Resort Al Marjan | has promoted Marc Descrozaille to the role of president Middle East & Africa.
He will step into the role from February 1st.
Having joined the hospitality firm in 2017 as vice president, operations, Middle East & Africa, Descrozaille will now take the helm from Andreas Mattmüller, who has retired from his role as chief operating officer, MEA, a region where the company currently manages 50 properties, with 20 more under development | 97 |
Posted on June 25, 2017 by Laura McInerney
Journalists don't need to self-flagellate about Corbyn, but they should about Grenfell
SHAME"! by Rochelle Hartman – http://bit.ly/2tc3tCj
In recent weeks journalists have spent an inordinate amount of time beating themselves up for not guessing the outcome of the General Election. This is bizarre. Journalists are contestants on Catchphrase: we say what we see. The news is not Family Fortunes, in which we try to divine what is in the minds of a hypothetical 100 (or 60 million) people. Sometimes, we are given clues about people's intentions: through polling data or interviews or protests. And so we report that. Other times, we are asked to give an analysis and a prediction based on this information, and we do the best we can. But the idea that journalists should be humbled because they didn't predict an outcome that John McDonnell, the shadow chancellor, didn't even believe at 2am after the polls shut, is arrogant and weird. Presumably McDonnell had spent weeks suffused in Labour land – talking to thousands of people on doorsteps, looking at every bit of polling data – and he seemed as surprised as the rest of us. So let's not be freaked out that the people whose job involved trying to report on one of the most unexpected, shambolic, rapidly changing elections of the past forty years didn't guess the upshot.
On the other hand, I've yet to hear a single journalist speak of the profession's failure to predict Grenfell.
Did you read that? Did I just suggest journalists might have cocked up on a fire that killed people? That instead of tuggling locks over Corbyn we might want to look a little guilty about some actual deaths?
Well, yes. Because as Mark Horvit, the ardent former chief of Investigative Reporters and Editors Inc, once yelled at our investigative reporting class, "It's no use us standing outside a collapsed building asking questions about why a man died. That won't bring him back."
Horvit was incensed after a walkway on the outside of a multi-story student residence at the University of Missouri collapsed, killing a firefighter as it went.
The university is famed for having a huge journalism school which operates a fully-fledged television news channel, a daily newspaper and a world-famous investigations department. In the days since the collapse, it had emerged the university had been aware of structural issues of the residences – which were mostly occupied by international students with families – but had failed to follow-up with maintenance and repairs. None of us had spotted it.
He was furious. "This town is crawling with reporters. The documents were all there. We can clearly see from the records the university knew about this and had done nothing. But had any of us looked? Had any of us followed up?"
"It's no use standing outside with a microphone, 'Good evening, the collapse of a walkway has caused the death of a firefighter'… That's no use to anyone. We can put in a thousand freedom of information requests now, and we'll get answers, but we can't change that a wife and a child no longer have a husband and a father.
"That is what happens when we are not paying attention."
I remember thinking this was harsh. Everyone in the class was working hard. We were filing information requests like crazy. No one was complacent. We were not the ones who neglected the maintenance on that walkway. We didn't cause the firefighter to lose his life.
But the speech did its job. It reminded me that journalists need to keep an eye on known problems. Since we started Schools Week I cannot tell you how many times we have reported an organisation saying they were going to do something to solve a serious issue, then, when we've gone back a year later, nothing has been done.
Why do we go back? Because I learned that day in Mark's class that follow-up matters. That's why, in 2015, when the government promised 13 expert reviews as part of its general election campaign, we meticulously tracked each one to completion. It's why we printed the outcome of the one they were going to keep hidden. It's why we made the Department for Education hand us the agreement with the Home Office that they wouldn't use information about pupils to deport illegal immigrants rather than just let them away with saying they'd made the agreement.
Did investigative reporters, particularly on the nationals, screw up by not noticing fire safety issues before Grenfell? Yes. Inside Housing has been reporting on it for ages, including cladding issues. The government was ordered eight months ago to review fire safety standards after other deaths in high<|fim_middle|> they are, hear lots of well meaning words and see nothing changing.
Bethan Gadd says:
Very interesting outlook…. Unique….. Some valid and challenging points raised.
You're right. People only see what they want to see. I'm glad people like me, and our stories, caught your eye.
Keep on telling the stories, and amplifying ours. ????????????????
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Just a teacher says:
Large majority of journalists play a role. They know how far to go and when and where to stop. They are often much too close to those are writing about and investigating – indeed there is often a cosy relationship. Same in education journalism. Make too much of a fuss, point the spotlight too brightly on the evidence and you'll be out of work. It's why nothing much changes. And occasionally navel gazing articles such as this one are written before everyone goes back to normal, and things carry on exactly as they were doing before. Private Eye is indeed a model for the way all adult journalism should be carried out. If people admire it so much, then they should follow its lead
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Next PostNext My Year In Books 2017: What I Finished (& Didn't), and Liked (& Didn't) | -rise flats. That report still wasn't out 8 months later – and who questioned that delay?
The government have been woeful in the past twelve months at publishing information. They have hidden consultations across the board (we have three outstanding ones in education). Why? Because they didn't want difficult information put out before a general election. Grenfell shows why that is downright dangerous. When ministers forget that real people are waiting on that information, to make real decisions, and instead treat them as a political end, this is where we end up: unintended consequences writ as large as headlines.
Why didn't we see newspaper stories about this inaction? Partly because it is hard to cover things not happening. Attention focuses on action: walkways collapsing, dead firefighters. But, as journalists, we have to plug away at the dull stuff. Keep timetables on our computers of decision dates. Check back to see if things are being done. Write loud words when they are not. Talk about the boring-but-important and find ways to make it interesting. That's the job. It's not chasing glamour and scandal; it's making the important into something interesting.
Second, it partly got missed because political reporting has become a quasi-celebrity form of reporting, minuting what the powerful do. And the politicians pander to it as much as the reporters. A juicy quote here; a contrived feud there. It keeps the papers busy and stops people asking or reading about the boring-but-important stuff. But if there's a lesson of the general election and Grenfell it is that political reporters would do well to pay attention to policy over politics.
Popularity spins on a dime. Guessing the future of politics is astrology: using snapshots of the past, fragments of light in the dark, in order to predict a tomorrow no one can really glimpse. Policy, however, stays as is. The workability of grammar schools, or free lunches, or a dementia tax, or renationalisation of rail, can be predicted based on data, and history, and stakeholders, and case studies. Those don't change with popularity. Likewise, the Grenfell cladding was going to be dangerous whoever got into power. It is a problem anyone could have faced – and one everyone should have been asking about.
Journalism is Catchphrase. It involves saying what you see. But you have got to be looking in the right direction to know if Mr Chips is drowning, not waving. Journalists didn't really miss the election story; they missed a massive, brewing tragedy.
CategoriesUK Education Policy
16 Replies to "Journalists don't need to self-flagellate about Corbyn, but they should about Grenfell"
j1o1a1n1 says:
Very good, thank you. Prof Michael Marmot on last week's Start the Week, BBC Radio 4 similarly commented that prevention is not as sexy as cure (although he didn't put it exactly like that) and at a recent talk Polly Toynbee said something similar. As a society we really need to think and organise for prevention, and consider what the reasons are for not doing that already.
Debbie Hepplewhite (@debbiehepp) says:
This is an important and powerfully written piece, Laura.
Not as immediately dramatic, or so tragic, I wish you would take up though, on the long, lingering tragedy of how teachers continue using multi-cueing reading strategies for word-guessing – which damages so many children's chances of reading as well as they could and should.
Reading Recovery, an entrenched establishment intervention programme continues to promote multi-cueing and is based at the Institute of Education.
Successive governments have moved England on with regard to official guidance for reading instruction – but still multi-cueing word-guessing persists and little children are given books to read that they are expected to read independently for which they have to guess many of the words. This is unkind at best and soul-destroying at worst potentially damaging the reading habits of many children – untold numbers. We still have weak readers in many secondary schools and teachers of older children totally untrained in how to address this persistent state of affairs.
As you know, this is all well researched – and this is verified through various researchers' work as linked to via the International Foundation for Effective Reading Instruction at http://www.iferi.org .
This issue may not be so dramatic or tragic as painful and unnecessary deaths from living in an unsafe building, but it is still an issue of accountability and tragic for those children, and their parents and carers, affected by the challenges to those struggling learners.
And it is still unaccountable that authorities continue to promote very flawed methods despite what we now know about how best to teach reading. Teachers and student-teachers continue to get mixed messages about what and how to teach reading – all unnecessary.
This topic is not captivating for the media. Mostly stories arise through an anti-phonics slant or an anti-phonics assessment slant. The story surely warrants some proper investigative journalism looking at the scale of this tragedy – not just the story of the 'individual'. There are so many individuals.
David Seymour says:
But some journalists did report it. In Private Eye. As ever, telling in a fortnightly publication far, far more about what is really happening in this country than the dailies do
Laura McInerney says:
Love Private Eye. You're right, they do this stuff extremely well.
Sarah Page says:
Keep an eye too on Hazards Magazine. The editor, Prof Rory O'Neill, is an ace investigator of health and safety globally.
The way so many journalists – particularly broadcasters – have joined in and indeed often created the 'elf'n safety myths , and certainly perpetuated them, hasn't helped. It has aided the trend for knocking safety standards and favouring deregulation.
Those of us working in fire safety and health and safety have been treated as spoil sports at best…David Cameron referred to the "monster" that is H&S.
Your blog is excellent! Thank you.
Brian Muir says:
Agree re Private Eye. It has all been documented there.
Monica Collantine says:
Very well said. I know the Times does good work in proper investigative journalism and has brought issues into the open that would otherwise have been buried, such as the Rotherham child abuse scandal, but it is the exception not the rule, and if every journalist was to follow this dictat then maybe more people would respect the media for doing a valuable service.
philipgconnolly says:
"We say what we see". If only.
There are so few facts in today's media, and so much (sometimes ill-informed) speculation. Listen to Radio 4, weekday mornings between 6.30 and 9.00.
Oh for one day a week when news bulletins contained new facts only.
Hilary Mantel speaks beautifully about this – memory and the 'creation' of facts – in this year's Reith lectures.
Toni Bush says:
A superb article. I hope journalists will turn their gaze on promised mental health reforms paricularly for young adults because this is an area that is a disaster. Everyone knows this but why is there a collective paralysis or failure to plan and implement effective policies? As a carer for someone with acute mental health issues I cannot believe things are as bad as | 1,505 |
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Sermon on the Mount: The Lord's Prayer
Sermon on the Mount: Treasures in Heaven
Matt 6:1 do not your alms before men, to be seen of them
"The tossing of alms to a beggar, the pouring of offerings into the temple treasure chests, to be seen of men, and similar displays of affected liberality, were fashionable among certain classes in the time of Christ; and the same Spirit is manifest today. Some there be now who cause a trumpet to be sounded, through the columns of the press perchance, or by other means of publicity, to call attention to their giving, that they may have glory of men -- to win political favor, to increase their trade or influence, to get what in their estimation is worth more than that from which they part. With logical incisiveness the Master demonstrated that such givers have their reward. They have received what they bid for; what more can such men demand or consistently expect?" (Jesus the Christ, p. 237)
Matt 6:2 Verily I say unto you, They have their reward
"Perhaps no one in my reading has portrayed this teaching of the Master quite so memorably or so beautifully as Henry Van Dyke in his never-to-be-forgotten 'The Mansion.' In this classic story is featured one John Weightman, a man of means, a dispenser of political power, a successful citizen. His philosophy toward giving can be gained from his own statement: 'Of course you have to be careful how you give, in order to secure the best results-no indiscriminate giving-no pennies in beggars' hats! . . . Try to put your gifts where they can be identified and do good all around.'
"One evening John Weightman sat in his comfortable chair at his library table and perused the papers spread before him. There were descriptions and pictures of the Weightman wing of the hospital and the Weightman Chair of Political Jurisprudence, as well as an account of the opening of the Weightman Grammar School. John Weightman felt satisfied.
"Then he picked up the family Bible, which lay on the table, turned to a passage, and read these words: 'Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth, where moth and rust doth corrupt, and where thieves break through and steal: But lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven.' (Matthew 6:19-20.)
"The book seemed to float away from him. He leaned forward upon the table, his head resting on his folded hands. He slipped into a deep sleep.
"In his dream, John Weightman was transported to the Heavenly City. A guide met him and others whom he had known in life and said that he would conduct them to their heavenly homes.
"The group paused before a beautiful mansion and heard the guide say, 'This is the home for you, Dr. McLean. Go in; there is no more sickness here, no more death, nor sorrow, nor pain; for your old enemies are all conquered. But all the good that you have done for others, all the help that you have given, all the comfort that you have brought, all the strength and love that you bestowed upon the suffering, are here; for we have built them all into this mansion for you.'
"A devoted husband of an invalid wife was shown a lovely mansion, as were a mother, early widowed, who had reared an outstanding family, and a paralyzed young woman who had lain for thirty years upon her bed-helpless but not hopeless-succeeding by a miracle of courage in her single aim: never to complain, but always to impart a bit of her joy and peace to everyone who came near her.
"By this time, John Weightman was impatient to see what mansion awaited him. As he and the Keeper of the Gate walked on, the homes became smaller-then smaller. At last they stood in the middle of a dreary field and beheld a hut, hardly big enough for a shepherd's shelter. Said the guide, 'This is your mansion, John Weightman.'
"In desperation, John Weightman argued, 'Have you not heard that I have built a schoolhouse; a wing of a hospital; . . . three . . . churches?'
"'Wait,' the guide cautioned. 'They were not ill done. But they were all marked and used as foundations for the name and mansion of John Weightman in the world. . . . Verily, you have had your reward for them. Would you be paid twice?'
"A sadder but wiser John Weightman spoke more slowly: 'What is it that counts here?'
"Came the reply, 'Only that which is truly given. Only that good which is done for the love of doing it. Only those plans in which the welfare of others is the master thought. Only those labors in which the sacrifice is greater than the reward. Only those gifts in which the giver forgets himself.'" (Live the Good Life, p. 31-33)
Matt 6:3 let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth
To give without anyone else knowing is to give anonymously. But we are to give without even the left hand knowing what is going on. In the metaphor, the left hand represents the possibility of receiving something in return. The left hand must be kept quietly at one's side, or else it might hope to receive some kind of benefit from the work of the right hand. Elder Carlos E. Asay has reminded us, "Those who strive to share the gospel with the hope of some tangible reward uppermost in their minds are too much like those who give with one hand and expect to receive with the other or who give a gift that sticks to their fingers. On the other hand, those who give or share with an intangible blessing in mind are required to exercise a greater faith. Their motive for doing seems purer than those who do with the expectation of an immediate and tangible return." (The Seven M's of Missionary Service: Proclaiming the Gospel as a Member or Full-time Missionary, chap. 6)
"...the Lord said, 'Do not your alms before men.' (Matthew 6:1.) And the best people don't. They do good very privately. Now and then I get a glimpse, always by accident, of the way some people live the simple commandments of the gospel of Jesus Christ. They don't know more than you and I know; they just do more of the simple things you and I have already been taught as children in a Primary class. I discover acts of kindness, of forgiveness, or of moral endurance beyond what I had thought we could do." (To Draw Closer To God, pp. 67-68)
"I am grateful that all through this great Church there are many people who live unselfishly, who pray in the quiet of their homes, who are far more interested in paying their tithes of which no one knows except their bishop, than they are to pay large contributions which may be heralded far and wide. I am grateful that there are numerous people in this Church who go quietly week after week to attend their meetings; worship the Lord in their assemblies; bear testimony in their fast meetings; serve faithfully as ward teachers, stake missionaries, or in the auxiliaries or priesthood quorums without glamour, without praise, without public notice.
"God bless us, brothers and sisters, that we may 'seek first the kingdom,' that we may forget all else, and that we may project ourselves out of ourselves into the great world of service to our fellow men, realizing that after all, the two great commandments which the Lord gave to us did this very thing...
"All of this is service to others-love of others, not love of nor service to ourselves. May the Lord bless us that we may be unselfish in this kingdom, give of ourselves generously that we may live by the spirit rather than by the letter..." (Conference Report, October 1951, Afternoon Meeting 90.)
Matt 6:5 when thou prayest thou shalt not be as the hypocrites are
"'For behold, God hath said a man being evil cannot do that which is good; for if he offereth a gift, or prayeth unto God, except he shall do it with real intent it profiteth him nothing. For behold, it is not counted unto him for righteousness .... And likewise also is it counted evil unto a man, if he shall pray and not with real intent of heart; yea, and it profiteth him nothing, for God receiveth none such.' (Moro. 7:6-9.) Rather men are commanded to 'pray unto the Father with all the energy' of their hearts, with all the strength that their whole souls possess. (Moro. 7:48.)
"...'Do not pray as the Zoramites do, for ye have seen that they pray to be heard of men, and to be praised for their wisdom. Do not say: O God, I thank thee that we are better than our brethren; but rather say: O Lord, forgive my unworthiness, and remember my brethren in mercy -- yea, acknowledge your unworthiness before God at all times.' (Alma 38:13-14.) Further: 'Pray for them who despitefully use you and persecute you.' (3 Ne. 12:44; Matt. 5:44.)
"Those formal, written prayers which are commonly read by ministers, and those recited by lay church members in doing penance or seeking grace, are devoid of the true spirit of prayer and should be shunned. Frequently they are spoken without real intent; and their use keeps men from searching their own hearts in an attempt to pray in faith according to an approved pattern so that actual blessings may be gained from Deity. Not infrequently these prepared prayers are read, recited, or chanted in ritualistic ceremonies in which the speakers do not concentrate all the faculties of their whole souls upon the prayers being offered. As a consequence the words often take on the nature of useless jargon and do not open the door to the receipt of the Lord's blessings." (Mormon Doctrine, p. 585)
"Now, prayer is not acceptable for its rhetoric. It is that which comes from the heart, the sincere sentiment, the secret feeling, which ascends to our Father and which He, who sees in secret, will reward openly. It is not a multitude of words and repetitions that is pleasing to the Lord, but the earnest desire of a humble heart. And this will be answered, no matter how broken or ungrammatical the language may be. On the other hand, no matter how flowery the language of the petition may be, if it does not convey the feelings of the heart, it is not true prayer." (Collected Discourses 1886-1898, ed. by Brian Stuy, vol. 2, Charles W. Penrose, March 22, 1891)
Matt 6:6 when thou prayest, enter into thy closet
Vaugh J. Featherstone
"Now, the Lord taught us to pray in secret. What happens to us when we pray in secret? First, our faith is put to the test. How foolish people would feel who pray alone and really do not believe in God. We can pray in public and people might think we believe, but praying alone takes faith. When we pray alone, there is no one to impress with our command of the language, with our beautiful phrases or eloquence. We simply talk with a loving, interested Father about what is troubling us most. We take problems that no one else, not another living soul, can help us with. We become like little children, feeling a dependence and need for someone wiser and with power and influence. We do not have to worry about embarrassment if our prayers are not answered the way we think they should be, because only we and God know for what we pray. When tears<|fim_middle|> the destructible and temporary things of this world.
"...Another lesson on materialism is taught in the example of the follower who asked the Savior what he should do to 'inherit eternal life.' After this questioner represented that he had kept all the commandments from his youth, the Savior said: 'One thing thou lackest: go thy way, sell whatsoever thou hast, and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven: and come, take up the cross, and follow me.' When the follower heard this, 'he was sad at that saying, and went away grieved: for he had great possessions.' Seeing this, Jesus said, 'How hard it is for them that trust in riches to enter into the kingdom of God!' (Mark 10:17,21,22,24).
"This man's failing was not his possession of riches but his attitude toward them...
"When we place our trust in our property, we have 'carnal security.' In that state of mind we are inclined to say that all must be well with us and with Zion because we are prospering, thus relying on worldly success as a mark of divine favor. He who does this is an easy mark for being led 'carefully down to hell.'" (Pure in Heart, pp. 73-79)
Matt 6:20 lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven
"While yet on earth men may lay up treasures in heaven. These treasures, earned here and now in mortality, are in effect deposited to our eternal bank account in heaven where eventually they will be reinherited again in immortality. Treasures in heaven are the character, perfections, and attributes which men acquire by obedience to law. Thus, those who gain such attributes of godliness as knowledge, faith, justice, judgment, mercy, and truth, will find these same attributes restored to them again in immortality. (Alma 41:13-15.) 'Whatever principle of intelligence we attain unto in this life, it will rise with us in the resurrection.' (D. & C. 130:18.)" (Doctrinal New Testament Commentary, 1:239)
"Whenever I see the hungry and feed him, the naked and clothe him, the sick and distressed and administer to their wants I feel that I am laying up treasure in heaven. When I am educating my children and embellishing their minds and fitting them for usefulness, I am laying up treasures in heaven. I would ask that little boy, who is well educated and well trained, 'What thief can enter in and steal the knowledge you have got?' It is beyond the power of the thief to steal, it is out of his reach, that treasure is laid up in heaven, for where is there a place more sacred than the hearts of the rising generation which beat with purity, and with love to their parents, and with love to God and his kingdom? What better place can you find in which to deposit treasures than that? But all our obligations are not pointing to one source or quarter, there are many ways in which we can lay up treasures in heaven by doing good here on the earth." (Journal of Discourses, vol. 17, p. 11)
Matt 6:22 if...thine eye be single, thy whole body shall be full of light
Eye movements are controlled by some of the smallest, most well-controlled muscles in the human body. Almost imperceptible contractions of these muscles make incredibly large changes in the visual landscape. This analogy is particularly effective, because it is so difficult to keep our eyes focused on one thing. It takes no effort to take a quick glance to the right or left. Yet, in the microsecond that we let our eyes wander, our mind can be filled with all sorts of evil. Like racehorses, we need to keep these muscles finely tuned to the finish line; we need blinders to block out the many worldly distractions which are always pestering us from the periphery.
Certainly, of all the skills we need to learn in mortality, keeping our eyes on the prize requires the greatest self-discipline. Accordingly, it provides the greatest reward:
'And if your eye be single to my glory, your whole bodies shall be filled with light, and there shall be no darkness in you; and that body which is filled with light comprehendeth all things.
Therefore, sanctify yourselves that your minds become single to God, and the days will come that you shall see him; for he will unveil his face unto you, and it shall be in his own time, and in his own way, and according to his own will.' (DC 88:67-68)
"If you concentrate on the work of the Lord, if you give it everything you have, your whole body shall be filled with light, and there shall be no darkness in you. Gone will be the darkness of sin. Gone will be the darkness of laziness. Gone will be all of these negative things. That's the word of the Lord to you and to me." (Teachings of Gordon B. Hinckley, "Missionary Service, Full-time")
"Have you that control and dominion over your own minds that they cannot be caught away by anything that is foreign to the purpose or object that engages your attention? For instance, while we call upon the Lord for his blessings, is it not sometimes the case that we think the old ox may be in the stackyard? Do we not sometimes think we shall be cheated here, and lose that amount of money there? If you have never been aware of this, when you go home and pray again, see if you have power to control your mind and keep it from wandering on something else. Until we discipline our minds, and have the complete control of them, we cannot make that advancement that we ought.
"If we cannot discipline and control our own minds, how can we discipline and control kingdoms, nations, tongues, and people?
"Suppose any of you mechanics erect a mill, and the stream is a small one-though, if properly and economically applied, it would be quite sufficient to drive the machinery you wish it to; but instead of the water being properly confined to exert the greatest amount of power, it is spread all over the face of the land;--has it that amount of force to drive the machinery that it otherwise would have? No. But conduct the water through a narrow channel, and apply it properly on the wheel, then your machinery rolls. It is just so with our minds: when they are scattered on different objects, when we are calling upon the name of the Lord, there is no power in that mind. Why? Because the eye is not single. 'If thine eye be single, thy whole body shall be full of light.' Again: The agent steam possesses great power when confined and properly applied to shafts and wheels. But let the boiler explode and the steam pass into the atmosphere, what power is there then in that agent? None. Confine it, and it is as it were an almighty power, or it is a portion of almighty power drawn out of the elements that surround us. So it is with the mind: let it be concentrated and applied to any subject, and it has great power. 'If thine eye be single, thy whole body shall be full of light.' (Journal of Discourses, 7:152)
"If thine eye were single, thou mightest sometimes see through the vail." (Journal of Discourses, 7:153)
Matt 6:24 No man can serve two masters
"They who love and serve God with all their hearts rejoice evermore...But they who try to serve God and still cling to the spirit of the world, have got on two yokes-the yoke of Jesus and the yoke of the devil...They will have a warfare inside and outside, and the labor will be very galling, for they are directly in opposition one to the other. Cast off the yoke of the enemy, and put on the yoke of Christ, and you will say that his yoke is easy and his burden is light. This I know by experience." (Journal of Discourses 16:123 as taken from Latter-day Commentary on the Book of Mormon compiled by K. Douglas Bassett, p. 425)
"One man I know of was called to a position of service in the Church, but he felt that he couldn't accept because his investments required more attention and more of his time than he could spare for the Lord's work. He left the service of the Lord in search of Mammon, and he is a millionaire today. But I recently learned an interesting fact: if a man owns a million dollars worth of gold at today's prices, he possesses approximately one 27-billionth of all the gold that is present in the earth's thin crust...The Lord who created and has power over all the earth created many other earths as well, even 'worlds without number' (Moses 1:33); and when this man received the oath and covenant of the priesthood (DC 84:33-44), he received a promise from the Lord of 'all that my Father hath' (v. 38). To set aside all these great promises in favor of a chest of gold and a sense of carnal security is a mistake in perspective of colossal proportions. To think that he has settled for so little is a saddening and pitiful prospect indeed." (Ensign, June 1976, p. 5 as taken from Latter-day Commentary on the Book of Mormon compiled by K. Douglas Bassett, p. 425)
'Some would never sell Jesus for thirty pieces, but they would not give Him their all either! Unfortunately, we tend to think of consecration only in terms of property and money. But there are so many ways of keeping back part. One might be giving of money and time and yet hold back a significant portion of himself...One might accept a Church calling but have his heart more set on maintaining a certain role in the world...Each of us is an innkeeper who decides if there is room for Jesus! Consecration is the only surrender which is also a victory. It brings release from...selfishness and emancipation from the dark prison of pride...Consecration may not require giving up worldly possessions so much as being less possessed by them...Brother and sisters, whatever we embrace instead of Jesus and His work will keep us from qualifying to enter His kingdom and therefore from being embraced by Him." (Ensign, Nov. 1992, pp. 66-67 as taken from Latter-day Commentary on the Book of Mormon compiled by K. Douglas Bassett, p. 424)
Matt 6:25 Take no thought for your life, what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink
"...a special rule applies to those who are called to go into the world ... and preach the gospel. For the time and season of their missionary service they are to have no concern about business enterprises or temporal pursuits. They are to be free of the encumbering obligations that always attend those who manage temporal affairs. Their whole attention and all of their strength and talents are to be centered on the work of the ministry, and they have the Father's promise that he will look after their daily needs." (Doctrinal New Testament Commentary, 1:243.)
"We have been permitted to come here to go to school, to acquire certain knowledge and take a number of tests to prepare us for greater things hereafter. This whole life, in fact, is 'a state of probation' (2 Nephi 2:21). While we are at school our generous patron has provided us with all the necessities of living that we will need to carry us through. Imagine, then, that at the end of the first school year your kind benefactor pays the school a visit. He meets you and asks you how you are doing. 'Oh,' you say, 'I am doing very well, thanks to your bounty.' 'Are you studying a lot?' 'Yes, I am making good progress.' 'What subjects are you studying?' 'Oh, I am studying courses in how to get more lunch.' 'You study that? All the time?' 'Yes. I thought of studying some other subjects. Indeed I would love to study them-some of them are so fascinating!-but after all it's the bread-and-butter courses that count. This is the real world, you know. There is no free lunch.' 'But my dear boy, I'm providing you with that right now.' 'Yes, for the time being, and I am grateful-but my purpose in life is to get more and better lunches; I want to go right to the top-the executive suite, the Marriott lunch.'
"...I once had a university fellowship for which I had to agree not to accept any gainful employment for the period of a year-all living necessities were supplied: I was actually forbidden to work for lunch. Was it free lunch? I never worked so hard in my life-but I never gave lunch a thought. I wasn't supposed to. I was eating only so that I could do my work; I was not working only so that I could eat. And that is what the Lord asks us: to forget about lunch, and do his work, and the lunch will be taken care of." (Approaching Zion, p. 211-12)
Matt 6:28 Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow
"'. . . Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow; they toil not, neither do they spin: And yet I say unto you, that even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these.' (Matthew 6:28-29.)
"I have heard skeptics, guided by their reason, say, 'How foolish, how impractical that injunction is!' And I say to them, all right. Let us consider the lily in the field. It is buried in the ground with a root, which strikes out in the darkness to receive strength and moisture from the soil; and soon a stalk pushes its way through the earth, and pushes it up and up until finally the lily blooms in the sunshine and produces its kind.
"So man lives on the earth. His tentacles are his hands; his nervous system, his brain. From the earth he produces his living. For what purpose? That he, too, might realize the ideal-not the gratification of the appetite; not the gratification of passions; but that the spirit might move in the sunshine of the Holy Ghost; that he might be, as Peter said, a "partaker of the divine nature.'" (Man May Know for Himself: Teachings of President David O. McKay, compiled by Clare Middlemiss, 104.)
Matt 6:33 seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness
In the world we live in, investors spend countless hours determining which stocks are most undervalued and profitable. Everyone searches for the investment which will bring a big return. But the greatest of all investments is to trust in the Lord. No stock pays better dividends. No investment portfolio is as well-balanced. Nothing provides a better tax-shelter.
But there's always a catch! The Lord doesn't want us to buy just a few shares of his kingdom. If you want the big return, you have to put all your eggs in His basket, and that takes a lot of faith. When we fail to seek his kingdom first, it is because we lack faith-we really don't trust him. Maybe we believe in Him but we don't really believe what He says. The other requirement is to exclude all distractions-the eye has to be single, there can be no other master, the concerns over food, clothing, and shelter must become secondary. But the Lord is able to make good his promises. The word of the Lord to his share-holders is as follows:
'Verily, verily, I say unto you, ye are little children, and ye have not as yet understood how great blessings the Father hath in his own hands and prepared for you;
And ye cannot bear all things now; nevertheless, be of good cheer, for I will lead you along. The kingdom is yours and the blessings thereof are yours, and the riches of eternity are yours.
And he who receiveth all things with thankfulness shall be made glorious; and the things of this earth shall be added unto him, even an hundred fold, yea more.' (DC 78:17-19).
"As I travel around the stakes of Latin America, I am impressed with the lives and dedication of the Saints. Even in the midst of political and economic problems, those who put the kingdom first and who serve faithfully are prospering more than the people around them. In one country the amount of tithing contributions doubled recently, but with only a few more full-tithe payers than before. The gross national product per capita was decreasing, but the incomes of Saints who paid their tithing were doubling. They were placing the kingdom first, and the Lord was blessing them." (The Mount & the Master, p. 161)
"When I think of what our people do in this Church without having to be paid with money for what they do, I know that it is a tremendous thing. You take the General Authorities here on the stand. When they were called to be General Authorities, there was nothing said to them about whether they would receive an allowance to live on. I remember when I was back in Washington, just after President Benson was called to be a member of the Twelve and he had not yet been out West to be ordained and set apart. I was then the Presiding Bishop and attended his stake conference. And he said: 'Bishop, will there be any provision that we will have a living while we are serving as General Authorities of the Church?' And I said: 'Well, there will be a little allowance. But,' I said, 'you will have to live differently than you have done back here unless you have got a little bit tucked away!' I happen to know of an offer that was made to him while he was in the Department of Agriculture that, in those days, was a tremendous offer; and he passed that by to come back here to be a member of the Quorum without any assurance that he would have an allowance given to him.
"I think of when President Tanner was called to be one of the General Authorities. President McKay told us that he was in line to become the prime minister of Canada and that he was at the head of several great industrial organizations in Canada. I am sure that if he were to stand here now, he would tell you that when President McKay asked him to be one of the General Authorities, he did not discuss with him anything about an allowance that he would receive.
"I could go on down, and each one of these men could tell you how they gave up their businesses and their professions, and why did they do it? Because they had received the gift of the Holy Ghost that made it possible for them to do what Jesus advised: 'Seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness; and all these things shall be added unto you' (Matt. 6:33)." (Conference Report, Oct. 1979)
Matt 6:34 Sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof
The word, "evil," is used in this phrase to mean the troublesome, annoying, problems of everyday life. In the Matthew version, it reads, sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof. In other words, every day brings enough problems that we don't need to waste our time worrying about the problems of tomorrow or the next day. We should live in the present and concern ourselves with today's issues. Within reason, we are to live life one day at a time.
Next, we should review how the text was changed for the Nephi version (3 Ne 13:34). It reads, 'sufficient is the day unto the evil thereof.' Notice that the placement of the words, "is" and "unto" are switched. This approach is more optimistic. It focuses on the sufficiency of the day not the sufficiency of the evil. In other words, the Lord provides us with enough time and means to effectively deal with all of our problems. The key for us is to learn to live life without worrying about every pothole in the road.
This is such practical advice! Some have perfected worrying to a science. Others have fashioned it into an art form. Yet, worrying doesn't solve any problems. It just raises blood pressure, hardens arteries, and shortens lifespans. In the eternal scheme of things, the small things are not worth the sweat and tears we waste on them.
"It's basic to realize that we don't run things. We are not in control. We can't make people do anything, and so we have nothing to lose. So don't get flustered and don't worry. Your Heavenly Father is in control." (Brother Brigham challenges the Saints, p. 462)
"...the only day you have to worry about is today. There is nothing you can do about yesterday except repent. That means if you made mistakes yesterday, don't be making them today. Don't worry about tomorrow, because you may have no tomorrows. This is the masterpiece you ought to be thinking about today. And if you can always witness honestly that whatever you did, you did to the best of your ability, and next day try improvement on that, when your life's end comes, of you it can be said in truth, his was a successful life because he lived to the best that was in him. That's all the Lord expects of any one of His children. We are all born with different capacities, some to do one thing, some to do the other, and all He asks is that we do our best; and that's the measure by which we'll be judged when that time comes." (The Teachings of Harold B. Lee, p. 64-5) | come, there is no embarrassment. We can be totally honest, knowing that we cannot lie to or deceive the Spirit or God. He knows us for our real worth. He knows who and what we really are, not what we seem to be. When we have personal problems or struggles, we can pray and know that these things are kept totally confidential. We can discuss our weaknesses, our sins, our frustrations, our needs, and know that He will listen and respond." (The Incomparable Christ: Our Master and Model, 60 - 61.)
Matt 6:7 Use not vain repetitions
"Our public prayers need not be everlasting to be immortal. We are advised not to multiply many words (3 Nephi 19:24) and to avoid vain repetitions (Matthew 6:7). An invocation should set the spiritual tone of the meeting, and the benediction should leave the people on a high spiritual plane, because they have been present when one has talked with God. It is the feeling rather than the length which determines a good public prayer." (The Teachings of Ezra Taft Benson, 427.)
Matt 6:9-13 The Lord's Prayer
"The Lord's Prayer is more than just a way of getting through life, a code of
morals or a pattern of behavior. It is an appeal to a Father we have known
before and hope to dwell with hereafter. It asks for help in carrying out the
first and greatest commandment. In this very short prayer, God, man as the
child of God, and fellowman are all put in their proper relationship, which
is the closest possible family association, approaching identity. The Tempter
and his methods are introduced without which the statement of the Gospel plan
would be incomplete; for the prayer by its very nature is an appeal from
those in distress who are supplicating for something much better than what
they have.
"What we want is to dwell in the Father's Kingdom under the sole dominion of
his divine will by his power and in his glory forever and ever. Jesus
proceeds to explain the relationship to those to whom he imparts the prayer:
The Father will deal with you exactly as you deal with other humans; he will
even withhold his kindness from you if you withhold it from them. But as far
as credit for what you do, you are making no deals with men; you are not out
to impress them or make points with them. . . . Any consideration of reward
is wholly between you and your Heavenly Father; and any credit you are able
to get from man, seeking it deliberately by various means, you will lose with
him." (Of All Things: Classic Quotations from Hugh Nibley, 2nd ed., edited by
Gary P. Gillum [FARMS], 180.)
Matt 6:9 Our Father which art in heaven, hallowed be thy name
True prayer places our relationship with God in proper perspective. Any other kind of prayer never makes it past the ceiling.
When we approach God the Father in prayer, we should be immediately humbled by the relationship. With bended knee and bowed head, we should feel as if we are approaching His exalted throne. We must be as Esther, who humbly approached the throne of the Persian king, knowing he had the power to have her put to death. The custom of the time was that 'whosoever, whether man or woman, shall come unto the king into the inner court, who is not called, there is one law of his to put him to death, except such to whom the king shall hold out the golden scepter, that he may live' (Esther 4:11). Whether Esther lived or died depended upon whether this king would acknowledge her as she approached him.
Elohim is greater than any king! Yet, He has no rules about who may approach Him. Although infinitely greater than any worldly king, His golden scepter is continually held out, inviting us to come to Him, for he giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not (James 1:5). Still, there should be no casualness, no flippancy, no triteness about the communication. Those who appear before royalty always acknowledge their superiority, choosing their words carefully and respectfully. The same reverence should be shown when approaching the Father of the King of Kings, for it is our privilege to approach him without the fear of reproach or punishment-even when we deserve to be punished!
Juan A. Uceda
Jesus invites us to "pray always" (D&C 10:5). Jesus knows that our Heavenly Father hears and gives what is best for us. Why is it that sometimes we don't want to receive? Why?
At the very moment we say, "Father in Heaven," He hears our prayers and is sensitive to us and our needs. And so His eyes and His ears are now connected to you. He reads our minds, and He feels our hearts. You cannot hide anything from Him. Now, the wonderful thing is that He will see you with eyes of love and mercy—love and mercy that we cannot fully understand. But love and mercy are with Him the very moment you say, "Father in Heaven."
So a moment of prayer is a very, very sacred moment. He is not one to say, "No, I will not listen to you now because you only come to me when you are in trouble." Only men do that. He is not one to say, "Oh, you cannot imagine how busy I am now." Only men say that.
That we all may pray as Jesus has taught us to pray is my hope and my prayer in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, amen. (https://www.lds.org/general-conference/2016/10/the-lord-jesus-christ-teaches-us-to-pray?lang=eng)
"'Our Father which art in heaven, hallowed be thy name . . .' Hallow --to make holy -- to hold in reverence.
'Reverence,' wrote Ruskin, 'is the noblest state in which a man can live in the world. Reverence is one of the signs of strength; irreverence one of the surest indications of weakness. No man will rise high who jeers at sacred things. The fine loyalties of life must be reverenced or they will be foresworn in the day of trial.'
"Charles Jefferson, the author of 'The Character of Jesus' writes: 'Men in many circles are clever, interesting, brilliant, but they lack one of the three dimensions of life. They have no reach upward. Their conversation sparkles, but it is frivolous and often flippant. Their talk is witty, but the wit is often at the expense of high and sacred things.'" (Conference Reports, Oct. 1950, p. 164)
"How glorious it is to address such a holy and exalted person by the greatest of all titles, Father, and to be privileged to have audience with him on our own invitation, anytime we pray in faith with all the strength and energy of our souls!" (The Mortal Messiah, Book 2, p. 151)
Matt 6:10 Thy will be done
Why pray for the Kingdom of God to come unless you have in your heart a desire and a willingness to aid in its establishment? Praying for His will to be done and then not trying to live it, gives you a negative answer at once. You would not grant something to a child who showed that attitude towards a request he is making of you. If we pray for the success of some cause or enterprise, manifestly we are in sympathy with it. It is the height of disloyalty to pray for God's will to be done, and then fail to conform our lives to that will. (Pathways to Happiness [Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1957], 226.)
Matt 6:10 Thy will be done in earth as it is in heaven
Orson Pratt
"When I reflect that in heaven there is a perfect union of spirit and feeling among the celestial throng,--when I reflect that in that happy place there is no disunion one with another--no different views, but that all will have the same mind and feeling in regard to the things of God; and then reflect that the day is to come when the same order of things is to be established here upon the earth; and then look at the present condition of mankind, I am constrained to acknowledge that there must be a great revolution on the earth. Where are there two men abroad in the world that see eye to eye--that have the same view in regard to doctrine and principle--that are of the same mind? They can scarcely be found. I doubt whether they can be found in the world.
"How is it among us, the Latter-day Saints?...I will say many of them: they do actually, in the great fundamental principles of the doctrine of Jesus Christ, see eye to eye. I cannot suppose that in our infancy and childhood we can attain to all this great perfection in a moment, and be brought to see and understand alike. But there is one great heavenly standard or principle? It is the restoration of the holy Priesthood, the living oracles of God, to the earth; and that Priesthood, dictated, governed, and directed by the power of revelation, through the gift of the Holy Ghost,--that is the standard to which all the Latter-day Saints and the kingdom of God must come, in order to fulfil the prophecy I have read in your hearing." (Journal of Discourses, 7:371)
Francis M. Lyman
"What a splendid condition would obtain among the Latter-day Saints today, what an improvement there would be among us, if we were to do the will of our Father as it is in heaven! It is possible for us to do the will of our Father. We know what His will is, and we beseech our Father that we may do His will as His will is done in heaven; and when we pray with faith we will be enabled to live up to that prayer and that petition, and this should be the endeavor of every member of this Church. Our thoughts should be brought to that point upon every occasion when we approach the Lord, that his will in us may be done as it is done in heaven." (Collected Discourses 1886-1898, ed. by Brian Stuy, vol. 2, Francis M. Lyman, Oct. 6, 1895)
Matt 6:11 Give us this day our daily bread
Are we to sit in perpetual idleness and ask the Lord to give us our daily bread? Are we to think that our food is His responsibility, that if we are hungry, it is His fault? As with all blessings, those of temporal prosperity come only after diligence and obedience, but we should pray as Alma counseled:
'Cry unto him when ye are in your fields, yea, over all your flocks.
Cry unto him in your houses, yea, over all your household, both morning, mid-day, and evening...
Cry unto him over the crops of your fields, that ye may prosper in them.
Cry over the flocks of your fields, that they may increase.
But this is not all; ye must pour out your souls in your closets, and your secret places, and in your wilderness.
Yea, and when you do not cry unto the Lord, let your hearts be full, drawn out in prayer unto him continually for your welfare, and also for the welfare of those who are around you.' (Alma 34:20-27)
"The Latter-day Saints possess that spirit [of revelation]; they know how to approach the Lord... when the Lord has blest us in our labors, crowned our efforts with success, and we have laid up, in store, In abundance of bread, we are not so inconsistent as to repeat the Lord's prayer: 'Give us this day our daily bread.' We do not have to do it, but we thank Him daily for the bread we have. We thank Him for the blessings that we enjoy, and we acknowledge His goodness and mercy in bestowing upon us the blessings that we possess. But we do not have to repeat the Lord's prayer, every day, which was given to His ministry, the apostles in ancient times when they were sent out like lambs in the midst of wolves, and He taught them that they were not to take thought of what they should eat or what they should drink, or wherewithal they should be clothed; that the Lord would feed them; that the Lord would open the hearts of those they ministered unto, to provide for their necessities. Go, and when you pray, pray for what you need. What did they need? Bread, bread for this day. 'Give us this day our daily bread; leave us not in temptation, but deliver us from evil; for Thine is the power, and the kingdom, and the glory, forever and ever.' Our ministers pray this prayer when they are out in the world depending upon the Lord for His goodness, and guidance; but when they are at home with their houses supplied with all that is needful, and their granaries full, and all else that they need, then, instead of saying, 'Oh Lord give us this day our daily bread' we say, 'Oh Lord, we thank Thee for what Thou hast given us; bless it to our good, and help us to make a wise and proper use of it.' That is the way the Latter-day Saints pray." (Conference Report, April 1912, 7 - 8.)
Matt 6:12 forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors
"Forgiveness is too precious a pearl to be cast at the feet of the unforgiving; and, without the sincerity that springs from a contrite heart, no man may justly claim mercy. If others owe us, either in actual money or goods as suggested by debts and debtors, or through some infringement upon our rights included under the broader designation as a trespass, our mode of dealing with them will be taken into righteous account in the judgment of our own offenses." (Jesus the Christ, p. 224)
Matt 6:13 lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil
Although the Joseph Smith translation does not include this change, Joseph Smith taught that a better rendition of this verse is "leave us not in temptation." (Andrus, They Knew the Prophet, p. 87)
"The first part of this petition has occasioned comment and question. We are not to understand that God would ever lead a man into temptation except, perhaps, by way of wise permission, to test and prove him, thereby affording him opportunity of overcoming and so of gaining spiritual strength ...The intent of the supplication appears to be that we be preserved from temptation beyond our weak powers to withstand; that we be not abandoned to temptation without the divine support that shall be as full a measure of protection as our exercise of choice will allow.
"How inconsistent then to go, as many do, into the places where the temptations to which we are most susceptible are strongest; for the man beset with a passion for strong drink to so pray and then resort to the dramshop; for the man whose desires are lustful to voice such a prayer and then go where lust is kindled; for the dishonest man, though he say the prayer, to then place himself where he knows the opportunity to steal will be found! Can such souls as these be other than hypocrites in asking God to deliver them from the evils they have sought? Temptation will fall in our way without our seeking, and evil will present itself even when we desire most to do right; for deliverance from such we may pray with righteous expectation and assurance." (Jesus the Christ, p. 225)
Matt 6:15 if ye forgive not men their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses
"'Blame keeps wounds open. Only forgiveness heals!' (O Pioneers! By Willa Cather). Recently I read where an elderly man disclosed at the funeral of his brother, with whom he had shared, from early manhood, a small, one room cabin near Canisteo, New York, that following a quarrel, they had divided the room in half with a chalk line and neither had crossed the line nor spoken a word to the other since that day-sixty-two years before! What a human tragedy-all for the want of mercy and forgiveness....'He [who] cannot forgive others breaks the bridge over which he himself must pass if he would ever reach heaven; for everyone has need to be forgiven'" (Ensign, May 1995, pp. 59-60 as taken from Latter-day Commentary on the Book of Mormon compiled by K. Douglas Bassett, p. 423)
"Life is too short to be spent nursing animosities or in keeping a box score of offenses against us...We don't want God to remember our sins, so there is something fundamentally wrong in our relentlessly trying to remember those of others. When we have been hurt, undoubtedly God takes into account what wrongs were done to us and what provocations there are for our resentments, but clearly the more provocation there is and the more excuse we can find for our hurt, all the more reason for us to forgive and be delivered from the destructive hell of such poisonous venom and anger. It is one of those ironies of godhood that in order to find peace, the offended as well as the offender must engage the principle of forgiveness." (Ensign, Nov. 1996, p. 83 as taken from Latter-day Commentary on the Book of Mormon compiled by K. Douglas Bassett, p. 423)
Matt 6:17 when thou fastest, anoint thy head, and wash thy face
"The Savior's commandments on the mental attitudes that should accompany prayer and fasting, like the Beatitudes and other teachings of this supreme sermon, establish an exquisitely difficult standard for mortals. As F. W. Farrar observed in his great work The Life of Christ (London: Cassell & Co., Ltd., 1874):
"It is easy to be a slave to the letter, and difficult to enter into the spirit; easy to obey a number of outward rules, difficult to enter intelligently and self-sacrificingly into the will of God; easy to entangle the soul in a network of petty observances, difficult to yield the obedience of an enlightened heart; easy to be haughtily exclusive, difficult to be humbly spiritual; easy to be an ascetic or a formalist, difficult to be pure, and loving, and wise, and free; easy to be a Pharisee, difficult to be a disciple; very easy to embrace a self-satisfying and sanctimonious system of rabbinical observances, very difficult to love God with all the heart, and all the might, and all the soul, and all the strength. (Page 469, quoted in Bruce R. McConkie, The Mortal Messiah [Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co., 1980], 3:232.)" (Pure in Heart, p. 25)
"Now we have some parallels to that today. We have men in the political field, for example, who have announced how much tithing they paid the previous year as a sort of political boon to their candidacy. This is supposed to be a carefully concealed matter, but these politicians publicize it for the purpose of gaining favor among Church people who would be impressed by the amount and the faithfulness of their so-called tithing. We have the spectacle of certain politicians, who, when they are going to church, whatever denomination it may be, notify the photographers and the press that they are going to church that morning, so they will publish all over the country the fact that they have gone to church. That always sounds good to the Christian people.
"We have people who pray in private places and then publicize the fact that they pray. We sometimes are more concerned about publicizing ward teaching and sacrament meeting attendance for the sake of comparative statistics than in improving the spiritual qualities of our performance. We sometimes in some places publicize convert baptisms to make a record rather than concern ourselves principally with the salvation of human souls. I fancy the Master, if he were among us, would say of all such, and I am talking of members of the Church who do things like this, 'Moreover when you fast, when you pray, when you worship, when you pay tithing, when you do your ward teaching, attend sacrament meeting, when you baptize, be not as the hypocrites. Verily, if you publicize it and dramatize it you have your reward already.'" (BYU Speeches of the Year, April 19, 1961, 3)
Matt 6:19 Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth
The scriptures clearly tell us that we need to be careful not to lay up for ourselves treasures upon earth. This may be particularly hard to do in a society which places so much importance on riches and the vain things of this world (Alma 4:8). The Lord's 1831 warning still seems to apply, Now, I, the lord, am not well pleased with the inhabitants of Zion, for...they also seek not earnestly the riches of eternity, but their eyes are full of greediness (DC 68:31). The parable of the rich man is instructive:
'...a man's life consisteth not in the abundance of the things which he possesseth.
And he spake a parable unto them, saying, The ground of a certain rich man brought forth plentifully:
And he thought within himself, saying, What shall I do, because I have no room where to bestow my fruits?
And he said, This will I do: I will pull down my barns, and build greater; and there will I bestow all my fruits and my goods.
And I will say to my soul, Soul, thou hast much goods laid up for many years; take thine ease, eat, drink, and be merry.
But God said unto him, Thou fool, this night thy soul shall be required of thee: then whose shall those things be, which thou hast provided?
So is he that layeth up treasure for himself, and is not rich toward God.' (Lu 12:15-21).
"In descending order of intensity, materialism may be an obsession, a preoccupation, or merely a strong interest. Whatever its degree, an interest becomes materialism when it is intense enough to override priorities that should be paramount.
"From the emphasis given to this subject in the scriptures, it appears that materialism has been one of the greatest challenges to the children of God in all ages of time. Greed, the ugly face of materialism in action, has been one of Satan's most effective weapons in corrupting men and turning their hearts from God.
"In the first of the Ten Commandments, accepted as fundamental religious law by Christians and Jews alike, God commands: 'Thou shalt have no other gods before me' (Exodus 20:3)...The first commandment is a comprehensive prohibition against the pursuit of any goal or priority ahead of God. The first commandment prohibits materialism...the treasures of our hearts--our priorities--should not be | 4,951 |
POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY.
which command the admiration as well as the fear of the world, are after all the fruitage of the ideas which the teachers of science in our colleges and technological schools have been pounding into the often unwilling brains of their students during the last quarter of a century.
SCIENTIFIC ITEMS.
Dr. Richmond Mayo-Smith, professor of political economy and social science at Columbia University died as the result of a fall on November 11.—A memorial meeting in honor of the late Henry Augustus Rowland was held at the Johns Hopkins University, on October 16. The principal address was made by Dr. T. C. Mendenhall.
The Rumford medals of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences have been presented to Professors Carl Barus and Elihu Thomson.—Professor Geo. J. Brush, emeritus professor of mineralogy and formerly director of the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale University, received a loving cup from his former students, on the occasion of the recent bicentennial exercises.
The second annual Huxley lecture of the Anthropological Institute was delivered by Dr. Francis Galton, F.R.S., on October 29, his subject being 'The Possible Improvement of the Human Breed under the Existing Conditions of Law and Sentiment.'
Professor Hugo Münsterberg, of Harvard University, began, on November 11, a series of eight Lowell lectures at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, on 'The Results of Experimental Psychology.'
Mr. Andrew Carnegie has given an additional million dollars towards the endowment of the Carnegie Institute, Pittsburg, and a second million dollars for the Polytechnic Institute to be established in that city.—Mr. T. Jefferson Coolidge, late Minister to France, has given a fund of $50,000 to the Jefferson Physical Laboratory of Harvard University for physical<|fim_middle|> that an equal sum is given by others before January 1, 1902.—The preliminary plans have been accepted for a new building for the Department of Agriculture at Washington. These plans contemplate a marble structure, something over 300 feet long, with wings at either end extending to the rear to accommodate the various laboratories of the department. | research.—Mr. John D. Rockefeller has promised to contribute $200,000 toward the endowment fund for Barnard College, Columbia University, provided | 34 |
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Henry Irving
A Letter to Martin Harvey
Source: Letter from Maurice B. Adams to John Martin-Harvey, 4 January 1920, Lucie Dutton collection
Production: William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Covent Garden, London, 2 January 1920
Text: Jan 4, 1920
Martin Harvey Esq.
My dear sir,
I do not want to trouble you with a long note. It would be far from a short one if I ventured to express all that I felt about the excellence & artistic rendering of your treatment of "Hamlet". I do wish to thank you for the real treat you gave us on Friday and to say how entirely the setting of the scenes & grouping of personages presented most telling pictures. The draperies in lieu of elaborate architecture & other scenery helped us to realize that the play itself & the acting of the players after all must be the chief importance. The restraint of the whole idea struck me most impressively and in this everyone seemed in accord. Nothing seemed overdone & no detail seemed over looked while the costumes in subdued colourings with here & there a dash of primaries in some subordinate gave the joy of contrast which I for one did not fail to notice. I was so glad you did not allow Hamlet to be really mad. Of course I saw Hamlet at the Lyceum & at the Haymarket. Irving was a master in his get up & boundless expenses on detail, but always it was Irving & of Tree with all his reputation & cleverness it must be confessed that he left me unconvinced, much as I enjoyed their efforts & need not indulge in any comparisons. I am happy to have seen your work once more & I do hope this season will repay you for all your loving care. It is evident throughout & needs no bush, least of all from a mere outsider in theatrical affairs. As an art craftsman myself at any rate I speak with a sense of recognition which pray accept in the spirit of good fellowship.
Faithfully
Maurice B. Adams, F.R.I.B.A.
Comments: Maurice Bingham Adams (1849-1933), the author of this fan letter, was an architect living in Chiswick. He had been Architect to Brighton Borough Council, and was a prolific designer of public libraries. John Martin-Harvey (1863-1944) was appearing as Hamlet at the Covent Garden Royal Opera House. He was a British stage actor, who began his career with Henry Irving's Lyceum Theatre company, before establishing a reputation as a leading performer, particular in The Only Way (an adaptation of Dickens's A Tale of Two Cities). My thanks to Lucie Dutton for permission to reproduce this letter from her personal collection.
Links: John Martin-Harvey and Fan Letters to Hamlet (Lucie Dutton's blog)
Posted in 1920s, Theatre, United Kingdom and tagged Costumes, Henry Irving, Herbert Beerbohm Tree, John Martin-Harvey, Letters, London, Maurice B. Adams, Scenery, William Shakespeare on March 8, 2017 by urbanora. Leave a comment
Adventures and Letters of Richard Harding Davis
Source: Charles Belmont Davis (ed.), Adventures and Letters of Richard Harding Davis (New York: Scribner's, 1917), pp. 223-226
Production: Nellie Farren Testimonial Benefit Fund event, Drury Lane, London, 17 March 1898
Text: London, March 20, 1898
Dear Mother,
The Nellie Farren benefit was the finest thing I have seen this year past. It was more remarkable than the Coronation, or the Jubilee. It began at twelve o'clock on Thursday, but at ten o'clock Wednesday night, the crowd began to gather around Drury Lane, and spent the night on the sidewalk playing cards and reading and sleeping. Ten hours later they were admitted, or a few of them were, as many as the galleries would hold. Arthur Collins, the manager of the Drury Lane and the man who organized the benefit, could not get a stall for his mother the day before the benefit. They were then not to be had, the last having sold for twelve guineas. I got two the morning of the benefit for three pounds each, and now people believe that I did get into the Coronation! The people who had stalls got there at ten o'clock, and the streets were blocked for "blocks" up to Covent Garden with hansoms and royal carriages and holders of tickets at fifty dollars apiece. It lasted six hours and brought in thirty thousand dollars. Kate Vaughan came back and danced after an absence from the stage of twelve years. Irving recited The Dream of Eugene Aram, Terry played Ophelia, Chevalier sang Mrs. Hawkins, Dan Leno gave Hamlet, Marie Tempest sang The Jewel of Asia and Hayden Coffin sang Tommy Atkins, the audience of three thousand people joining in the chorus, and for an encore singing "Oh, Nellie, Nellie Farren, may your love be ever faithful, may your pals be ever true, so God bless you Nellie Farren, here's the best of luck to you." In Trial by Jury, Gilbert played an associate judge; the barristers were all playwrights, the jury the principal comedians, the chorus girls were real chorus girls from the Gaiety mixed in with leading ladies like Miss Jeffries and Miss Hanbury, who could not keep in step. But the best part of it was the pantomime. Ellaline came up a trap with a diamond dress and her hair down her back and electric lights all over her, and said, "I am the Fairy Queen," and waved her wand, at which the "First Boy" in the pantomime said, "Go long, now, do, we know your tricks, you're Ellaline Terriss"; and the clown said, "You're wrong, she's not, she's Mrs. Seymour Hicks." Then Letty Lind came on as Columbine in black tulle, and Arthur Roberts as the policeman, and Eddy Payne as the clown and Storey as Pantaloon.
The rest of it brought on everybody. Sam Sothern played a "swell" and stole a fish. Louis Freear, a housemaid, and all the leading men appeared as policemen. No one had more than a line to speak which just gave the audience time to recognize him or her. The composers and orchestra leaders came on as a German band, each playing an instrument, and they got half through the Washington Post before the policemen beat them off. Then Marie Lloyd and all the Music Hall stars appeared as street girls and danced to the music of a hand-organ. Hayden Coffin, Plunkett
Greene and Ben Davies sang as street musicians and the clown beat them with stuffed bricks. After that there was a revue of all the burlesques and comic operas, then the curtain was raised<|fim_middle|> is singular what a charm it exercises over us.
Mr. Irving is too intelligent, and has too many of an actor's qualities, to fail entirely in any part which he assumes; still there are some parts for which he appears not well fitted, and others for which he appears fitted perfectly. His true parts are those which most display his rare gift of delicacy and distinction; and such parts are offered, above all, in ideal comedy. May he long continue to find them there, and to put forth in them charm enough to win the Sultanas to art like Much Ado about Nothing as a change from art like Fedora and Impulse!
AN OLD PLAYGOER.
Comments: Matthew Arnold (1822-1888) was an English poet, critic and essayist. His 'Letters of an Old Playgoer', five short essay-reviews written 1882-1884 for The Pall Mall Gazette. Henry Irving's famous 1882 production of Much Ado About Nothing at the Lyceum featured Irving as Benedick, Ellen Terry as Beatrice, Johnston Forbes-Robertson as Claudio and William Terriss as Don Pedro. Henry Labouchère was a British politician and theatre owner.
Links: Copy at Internet Archive
Posted in 1880s, Comedies, United Kingdom and tagged Audiences, Ellen Terry, Henry Irving, Johnston Forbes Robertson, London, Lyceum Theatre (London), Matthew Arnold, Much Ado About Nothing, Newspapers, William Shakespeare, William Terriss on January 24, 2017 by urbanora. Leave a comment
Queen Victoria's Journals
Source: Alexandrina Victoria, journal entry for 18 March 1893
Production: Alfred Tennyson, Becket, Windsor Castle, London, 18 March 1893
Text: Dear Louisa's birthday. God bless & protect her! — Very cold, but fine. — Out with Vicky & Beatrice. — Louisa only arrived very ill & having a heavy cold. — Drove with Ismay S. & Ina McNeill. — Poor Louise had to go to bed, too annoying just today. — Bertie arrived; he & Lorne dined with us 4, & afterwards Tennyson's play "Thomas A. Becket" was performed in the Waterloo Gallery. Everything was arranged as at the previous performances. The play of Becket, almost a tragedy, lately produced at the Lyceum, is very fine & was written by Tennyson 9 years ago. It has 4 acts with a Prologue, but the whole was somewhat curtailed. The staging is magnificent & Irving had all the scenery, (there were many scenes) painted on purpose. The dresses & every detail were so correct & exact. Irving acted well & with much dignity, but his enunciation is not very distinct, especially when he gets excited. Ellen Terry as "Rosamund" was perfect, so graceful & full of feeling & so young looking in her lovely light dress, — quite wonderfully so, for she is 46.!! A son of hers takes the part of a young Templar in the splendid Parliament scene. The "Bower" in the wood was lovely & so was the other wood scene in which takes place the dreadful meeting between that horrid wicked Queen Eleanor (very well acted by Miss G. Ward) & Rosamund. It is a most terrible scene well. Mr Terris, though he acted well, I thought too noisy & violent as the passionate King Henry IInd. The last scene, when Becket refuses to fly & defies his murderers, is very fine, & his death, & the way he falls down the steps, very striking. The language is very beautiful, & so is the incidental music, expressly composed by Stanford. The performance was over by 12, & we (excepting Vicky, who was much interested) went to the Drawing Room, all the visitors passing by, after which Irving & Ellen came in. I spoke to them & told them how pleased I was. She is very tall, pleasing & ladylike.
Comments: Alexandrina Victoria (1819-1901), later just Victoria, was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 1837 to her death, and additionally titled Empress of India from 1876. She kept up a journal from 1832 until almost the end of her life. The journal records many visits to the theatre, particularly in her younger days. This entry records a private performance of Tennyson's Becket at the Waterloo Gallery in Windsor Castle. The play had been running at the Lyceum Theatre, London.
Links: Queen Victoria's Journals
Posted in 1890s, Theatre, United Kingdom and tagged Alfred Tennyson, Becket, Castles, Costumes, Diaries, Diction, Ellen Terry, Genevieve Ward, Henry Irving, Music, Private performances, Scenery, Victoria, William Terriss, Windsor, Windsor Castle on September 21, 2016 by urbanora. Leave a comment | from the middle of the stage, and Nellie Farren was discovered seated at a table on a high stage with all the "legitimates" in frock-coats and walking dresses rising on benches around her.
The set was a beautiful wood scene well lighted. Wyndham stood on one side of her, and he said the yell that went up when the curtain rose was worse than the rebel yell he had heard in battles. In front of her, below the stage, were all the people who had taken part in the revue, forming a most interesting picture. There was no one in the group who had not been known for a year by posters or photographs: Letty Lind as the Geisha, Arthur Roberts as Dandy Dan. The French Girl and all the officers from The Geisha, the ballet girls from the pantomime, the bare-back-riders from The Circus Girl; the Empire costumes and the monks from La Poupee, and all the Chinese and Japanese costumes from The Geisha. Everybody on the stage cried and all the old rounders in the boxes cried.
It was really a wonderfully dramatic spectacle to see the clown and officers and Geisha girls weeping down their grease paint. Nellie Farren's great song was one about a street Arab with the words: "Let me hold your nag, sir, carry your little bag, sir, anything you please to give – thank'ee, sir!" She used to close her hand, then open it and look at the palm, then touch her cap with a very wonderful smile, and laugh when she said, "Thank'ee, sir!" This song was reproduced for weeks before the benefit, and played all over London, and when the curtain rose on her, the orchestra struck into it and the people shouted as though it was the national anthem. Wyndham made a very good address and so did Terry, then Wyndham said he would try to get her to speak. She has lost the use of her hands and legs and can only walk with crutches, so he put his arm around her and her son lifted her from the other side and then brought her to her feet, both crying like children. You could hear the people sobbing, it was so still. She said, "Ladies and Gentleman," looking at the stalls and boxes, then she turned her head to the people on the stage below her and said, "Brothers and Sisters," then she stood looking for a long time at the gallery gods who had been waiting there twenty hours. You could hear a long "Ah" from the gallery when she looked up there, and then a "hush" from all over it and there was absolute silence. Then she smiled and raised her finger to her bonnet and said, "Thank'ee, sir," and sank back in her chair. It was the most dramatic thing I ever saw on a stage. The orchestra struck up "Auld Lang Syne" and they gave three cheers on the stage and in the house. The papers got out special editions, and said it was the greatest theatrical event there had ever been in London.
Comments: Richard Harding Davis (1864-1916) was a celebrated American journalist and novelist, known for his war reporting and sharp eye for a sensational subject. Ellen 'Nellie' Farren (1848-1904) was a British actor and singer, renowned for her principal boy performances in Gaiety Theatre productions, which attracted a huge, chiefly male, following. She was forced to retire through ill health in 1892. On 17 March 1898 a performance in aid of the Nellie Farren Testimonial Benefit Fund at Drury Lane drew an unprecedented cast of late Victorian stage greats, and raised an estimated £7,000. The show included a production of Gilbert and Sullivan's one act comic opera Trial by Jury, with Gilbert himself playing the Associate. Other accounts of the event state that Dan Leno appeared in a scene from the Drury Lane pantomime with Herbert Campbell, and not a scene from Hamlet.
Posted in 1890s, Comic opera, Music Hall & Variety, Pantomime, United Kingdom and tagged Albert Chevalier, Arthur Roberts, Audiences, Ben Davies, Benefits, Charles Hayden Coffin, Charles Wyndham, Comic opera, Curtains, Dan Leno, Drury Lane Theatre (London), Duration, Edward Payne, Ellaline Terriss, Ellen Terry, Encores, Fred Storey, Galleries, Hamlet, Harry Plunkett Greene, Henry Irving, Kate Vaughan, Letters, Letty Lind, London, Louie Freear, Marie Lloyd, Marie Tempest, Music, Music hall, Musicians, Nellie Farren, Pantomime, Prices, Richard Harding Davis, Sam Sothern, Trial by Jury, Variety theatre, William S. Gilbert, William Shakespeare on January 28, 2017 by urbanora. Leave a comment
An Old Playgoer at the Lyceum
Source: Matthew Arnold, 'An Old Playgoer at the Lyceum', in Essays in Criticism: Second Series – Contributions to 'The Pall Mall Gazette' and Discourses in America (London: Macmillan, 1903), pp. 265-270, originally published in The Pall Mall Gazette, p. 4
Production: William Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing, Lyceum Theatre, London, May 1883
Text: History tells us that the Sultanas of the famous Sultan Oulougbeb would not hear the philosophical romance of Zadig, but preferred to it an interminable succession of idle tales. 'How can you prefer,' asked the sage Sultan, 'a heap of stories utterly irrational, and which have nothing in them?' The Sultanas answered, 'It is just on that very account that we prefer them.' ('C'est précisément pour cela que nous les aimons.')
By what magic does Mr. Irving induce the Sultanas to listen to Shakspeare [sic]? From the utterances of Captain Crichton, Mrs. Beresford, and Mrs. Macdonald, how does he manage to wile them away to the talk of Benedick and Beatrice of Benedick, capable of looking pale 'with anger, with sickness, or with hunger, not with love'; of Beatrice, 'upon my knees every morning and evening that God may send me no husband'? The truth is, in a community so large as ours you may hope to get a demand for almost anything not only for Impulse at the St. James's, or for the Biography of Mr. Archer and the Early Days of Mr. Marwood among visitors to Epsom, but even for the fantastic – Mr. Labouchere would add, the tiresome comedy of Shakspeare at the Lyceum. Fantastic, at all events, it is. It belongs to a world of fantasy; not to our world, palpitating with actuality, of Captain Crichtons, and Fred Archers, and Marwoods. It so belongs to a world of fantasy that often we have difficulty in following it. 'He sets up his bills here in Messina, and challenged Cupid at the flight; and my uncle's fool, reading the challenge, subscribed for Cupid, and challenged him at the bird-bolt.' Who understands without a commentary? Even where the wit is more evident and we can follow it, it is still the wit of another world from ours, a world of fantasy. 'He that hath a beard is more than a youth; and he that hath no beard is less than a man; and he that is more than a youth is not for me; and he that is less than a man, I am not for him; therefore I will take even sixpence in earnest of the bearward, and lead his apes into hell.'
But Mr. Labouchere deals hardly with himself in refusing to enter this Shakspearian world because it is a world of fantasy. Art refreshes us, art liberates us, precisely in carrying us into such a world, and enabling us to find pleasure there. He who will not be carried there loses a great deal. For his own sake Mr. Labouchere should 'away to St. Peter for the heavens' with Beatrice; should let it be revealed to him 'where the batchelors sit, and there live we as merry as the day is long.' With his care for seating his colleague and for reconstructing society, can he live as merry as the day is long now?
So salutary is it to be carried into a world of fantasy that I doubt whether even the comedy of Congreve and Wycherley, presented to us at the present day by good artists, would do us harm. I would not take the responsibility of recommending its revival, but I doubt its doing harm, and I feel sure of its doing less harm than pieces such as Heartsease and Impulse. And the reason is that Wycherley's comedy places us in what is for us now a world wholly of fantasy, and that in such a world, with a good critic and with good actors, we are not likely to come to much harm. Such a world's main appeal is to our imagination; it calls into play our imagination rather than our senses. How much more is this true of the ideal comedy of Shakspeare, and of a world so airy, radiant, and spiritual as that of Much Ado about Nothing!
One must rejoice, therefore, at seeing the Sultanas and society listening to Shakspeare's comedy; it is good for them to be there. But how does Mr. Irving bring them? Their natural inclination is certainly more for a constant 'succession of idle tales' like the Dame aux Camelias or Impulse. True; but there is at the same time something in human nature which works for Shakspeare's comedy, and against such comedy as the Dame aux Camelias or Impulse; something prompting us to live by our soul and imagination rather than by our senses. Undoubtedly there is; the existence of this something is the ground of all hope, and must never, in our impatience at men's perversions, be forgotten. But to come into play it needs evocation and encouragement; how does Mr. Irving evoke it?
It is not enough to say that Much Ado about Nothing, in itself beautiful, is beautifully put upon the stage, and that of ideal comedy this greatly heightens the charm. It is true, but more than this is requisite to bring the Sultanas. It is not enough to say that the piece is acted with an evenness, a general level of merit, which was not to be found five-and-twenty years ago, when a Claudio so good as Mr. Forbes Robertson, or a Don Pedro so good as Mr. Terriss, would have been almost impossible. This also is true, but it would not suffice to bring the Sultanas. It cannot even be said that they are brought because certain leading or famous characters in the piece are given with a perfection hitherto unknown. The aged eyes of an 'Old Playgoer' have seen the elder Farren and
Keeley in the parts of Dogberry and Verges. Good as is Mr. Irving's Benedick, those who have seen Charles Kemble as Benedick have seen a yet better Benedick than Mr. Irving. It is, however, almost always by an important personality that great things are effected; and it is assuredly the personality of Mr. Irving and that of Miss Ellen Terry which have the happy effect of bringing the Sultanas and of filling the Lyceum.
Both Mr. Irving and Miss Ellen Terry have a personality which peculiarly fits them for ideal comedy. Miss Terry is sometimes restless and over-excited, but she has a spiritual vivacity which is charming. Mr. Irving has faults which have often been pointed out, but he has, as an actor, a merit which redeems them all, and which is the secret of his success: the merit of delicacy and distinction. In some of his parts he shows himself capable, also, of intense and powerful passion. But twenty other actors are to be found who have a passion as intense and powerful as his, for one other actor who has his merit of delicacy and distinction. Mankind are often unjust to this merit, and most of us much resist having to exhibit it in our own life and soul; but it | 2,611 |
Metal-induced gap states
In bulk semiconductor band structure calculations, it is assumed that the crystal lattice (which features a periodic potential due to the atomic structure) of the material is infinite. When the finite size of a crystal is taken into account, the wavefunctions of electrons are altered and states that are forbidden within the bulk semiconductor gap are allowed at the surface. Similarly, when a metal is deposited onto a semiconductor (by thermal evaporation, for example), the wavefunction of an electron in the semiconductor must match that of an electron in the metal at the interface. Since the Fermi levels of the two materials must match at the interface, there exists gap states that decay deeper into the semiconductor.
Band-bending at the metal-semiconductor interface
As mentioned above, when a metal is deposited onto a semiconductor, even when the metal film is smaller than a single atomic layer, the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor must match. This pins the Fermi level in the semiconductor to a position in the bulk gap. Shown to the right is a diagram of band-bending interfaces between two different metals (high and low work functions) and two different semiconductors (n-type and p-type).
Volker Heine was one of the first to estimate the length of the tail end of metal electron states extending into the semiconductor's energy gap. He calculated the variation in surface state energy by matching wavefunctions of a free-electron metal to gapped states in an undoped semiconductor, showing that in most cases the position of the surface state energy is quite stable regardless of the metal used.[2]
Branching point
It is somewhat crude to suggest that the metal-induced gap states (MIGS) are tail ends of metal states that leak into the semiconductor. Since the mid-gap states do exist within some depth of the semiconductor, they must be a mixture (a Fourier series) of valence and conduction band states from the bulk. The resulting positions of these states, as calculated by C. Tejedor, F. Flores and E. Louis,[3] and J. Tersoff,[4][5] must be closer to either the valence- or conduction- band thus acting as acceptor or donor dopants, respectively. The point that divides these two types of MIGS is called the branching point, E_B. Tersoff argued
E B = 1 2 [ E V ¯ + E C ¯ ] {\displaystyle E_{B}={\frac {1}{2}}[{\bar {E_{V}}}+{\bar {E_{C}}}]}
E V ¯ = E V − 1 3 Δ s o {\displaystyle {\bar {E_{V}}}=E_{V}-{\frac {1}{3}}\Delta _{so}} , where Δ s o {\displaystyle \Delta _{so}} is the spin orbit splitting of E V {\displaystyle E_{V}} at the Γ {\displaystyle \Gamma } point.
E C ¯ {\displaystyle {\bar {E_{C}}}} is the indirect conduction band minimum.
Metal–semiconductor contact point barrier height
In order for the Fermi levels to match at the interface, there must be charge transfer between the metal and semiconductor. The amount of charge transfer was formulated by Linus Pauling [6] and later revised [7] to be:
δ q = 0.16 e V | X M − X S C | + 0.035 e V 2 | X M − X S C | 2 {\displaystyle \delta q={\frac {0.16}{eV}}|X_{M}-X_{SC}|+{\frac {0.035}{eV^{2}}}|X_{M}-X_{SC}|^{2}}
where X M {\displaystyle X_{M}} and X S C {\displaystyle X_{SC}} are the electronegativities of the metal and semiconductor, respectively. The charge transfer produces a dipole at the interface and thus a potential barrier called the Schottky barrier height. In the same derivation of the branching point mentioned above, Tersoff derives the barrier height to be:
Φ b h = 1 2 [ E C ¯ − E V ¯ ] + δ m = 1 2 [ E C ¯ − E V − Δ s o 3 ] + δ m {\displaystyle \Phi _{bh}={\frac {1}{2}}[{\bar {E_{C}}}-{\bar {E_{V}}}]+\delta _{m}={\frac {1}{2}}[{\bar {E_{C}}}-E_{V}-{\frac {\Delta _{so}}{3}}]+\delta _{m}}
where δ m {\displaystyle \delta _{m}} is a parameter adjustable for the specific metal, dependent mostly on its electronegativity, X M {\displaystyle X_{M}} . Tersoff showed that the experimentally measured Φ b h {\displaystyle \Phi _{bh}} fits his theoretical model for Au in contact with 10 common semiconductors, including Si, Ge, GaP, and GaAs.
Another derivation of the contact barrier height in terms of experimentally measurable parameters was worked out by Federico Garcia-Moliner and Fernando Flores who considered the density of states and dipole contributions more rigorously.[8]
Φ b h = 1 1 + α N v s [ Φ M − X M + D J + α N v s ( E g − Φ 0 ) ] {\displaystyle \Phi _{bh}={\frac {1}{1+\alpha N_{vs}}}[\Phi _{M}-X_{M}+D_{J}+\alpha N_{vs}(E_{g}-\Phi _{0})]}
α {\displaystyle \alpha } is dependent on the charge densities of the both materials
N v s = {\displaystyle N_{vs}=} density of surface states
ϕ M = {\displaystyle \phi _{M}=} work function of metal
D J = {\displaystyle D_{J}=} sum of dipole contributions considering dipole corrections to the jellium model
E G = {\displaystyle E_{G}=} semiconductor gap
Φ 0 = {\displaystyle \Phi _{0}=} Ef – Ev in semiconductor
Thus ϕ b h {\displaystyle \phi _{bh}} can be calculated by theoretically deriving or experimentally measuring each parameter. Garcia-Moliner and Flores also discuss two limits
α N v s >> 1 {\displaystyle \alpha N_{vs}>>1} (The Bardeen Limit), where the high density of interface states pins the Fermi level at that of the semiconductor regardless of Φ M {\displaystyle \Phi _{M}} .
α N v s << 1 {\displaystyle \alpha N_{vs}<<1} (The Schottky Limit)where Φ b h {\displaystyle \Phi _{bh}} varies with strongly with the characteristics of the metal, including the particular lattice structure as accounted for in D J {\displaystyle D_{J}} .
When a bias voltage V {\displaystyle V} is applied across the interface of an n-type semiconductor and a metal, the Fermi level in the semiconductor is shifted with respect to the metal's and the band bending decreases. In effect, the capacitance across the depletion layer in the semiconductor is bias voltage dependent and goes as ( V i f − V ) 1 <|fim_middle|>1-899X.
Tejedor, C; Flores, F; Louis, E (1977-06-28). "The metal-semiconductor interface: Si (111) and zincblende (110) junctions". Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics. IOP Publishing. 10 (12): 2163–2177. doi:10.1088/0022-3719/10/12/022. ISSN 0022-3719.
Tersoff, J. (1984-10-15). "Theory of semiconductor heterojunctions: The role of quantum dipoles". Physical Review B. American Physical Society (APS). 30 (8): 4874–4877. doi:10.1103/physrevb.30.4874. ISSN 0163-1829.
Tersoff, J. (1985-11-15). "Schottky barriers and semiconductor band structures". Physical Review B. American Physical Society (APS). 32 (10): 6968–6971. doi:10.1103/physrevb.32.6968. ISSN 0163-1829.
L. Pauling, The Nature of the Chemical Bond. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, 1960.
Hannay, N. Bruce; Smyth, Charles P. (1946). "The Dipole Moment of Hydrogen Fluoride and the Ionic Character of Bonds". Journal of the American Chemical Society. American Chemical Society (ACS). 68 (2): 171–173. doi:10.1021/ja01206a003. ISSN 0002-7863.
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29/01/2004; Takes effect Date notif.
(1) The complete, consistent, transparent and accurate monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions in accordance with these guidelines is fundamental for the operation of the greenhouse gas emission allowance trading scheme established in Directive 2003/87/EC.
(2) The guidelines contained in this Decision set out detailed criteria for the monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the activities listed in Annex I to Directive 2003/87/EC of greenhouse gases specified in relation to those activities, based on the principles for monitoring and reporting set out in Annex IV to that Directive.
(3) Article 15 of Directive 2003/87/EC requires Member States to ensure that reports submitted by operators are verified in accordance with the criteria set out in Annex V to that Directive.
The guidelines for the monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions from the activities listed in Annex I to Directive 2003/87/EC, referred to in Article 14 thereof, are set out in the Annexes to this Decision.
These guidelines are based on the principles set out in Annex IV to that Directive.
Done at Brussels, 29 January 2004.
(1) OJ L 275, 25.10.2003, p. 32.
(2) OJ L 167, 9.7.1993, p. 31. Decision as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 1882/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 284, 31.10.2003, p. 1).
This Annex contains the general guidelines for the monitoring and reporting of emissions from the activities listed in Annex I to Directive 2003/87/EC, hereinafter "the Directive", of greenhouse gases specified in relation to those activities. Additional guidelines on activity-specific emissions are set out in Annexes II to XI.
The Commission will review this Annex and Annexes II-XI by 31 December 2006, taking into account experiences with the application of these Annexes and any revisions to Directive 2003/87/EC, with a view to any revised Annexes taking effect from 1 January 2008.
(s) "verifier" means a competent, independent, accredited verification body with responsibility for performing and reporting on the verification process, in accordance with the detailed requirements established by the Member State pursuant to Annex V to the Directive.
Completeness. Monitoring and reporting for an installation shall cover all process and combustion emissions from all sources belonging to activities listed in Annex I to the Directive and of all greenhouse gases specified in relation to those activities.
Consistency. Monitored and reported emissions shall be comparable over time, using the same monitoring methodologies and data sets. Monitoring methodologies can be changed in accordance with the provisions of these guidelines if the accuracy of the reported data is improved. Changes in monitoring methodologies shall be subject to approval from the competent authority and shall be fully documented.
Transparency. Monitoring data, including assumptions, references, activity data, emission factors, oxidation factors and conversion factors shall be obtained, recorded, compiled, analysed and documented in a manner that enables the reproduction of the determination of emissions by the verifier and the competent authority.
Accuracy. It shall be ensured that the emission determination is systematically neither over nor under true emissions, as far as can be judged, and that uncertainties are reduced as far as practicable and quantified where required under these guidelines. Due diligence shall be exercised to ensure that the calculation and measurement of emissions exhibit the highest achievable accuracy. The operator shall provide reasonable assurance of the integrity of reported emissions. Emissions shall be determined using the appropriate monitoring methodologies set out in these guidelines. All metering or other testing equipment used to report monitoring data shall be appropriately applied, maintained and calibrated, and checked. Spreadsheets and other tools used to store and manipulate monitoring data shall be free from error.
Cost effectiveness. In selecting a monitoring methodology, the improvements from greater accuracy shall be balanced against the additional costs. Hence, monitoring and reporting of emissions shall aim for the highest achievable accuracy, unless this is technically not feasible or will lead to unreasonably high costs. The monitoring methodology itself shall describe the instructions to the operator in a logical and simple manner, avoiding duplication of effort and taking into account the existing systems in place at the installation.
Materiality. An emission report and related disclosures shall be free from material misstatement, avoid bias in the selection and presentation of information, and provide a credible and balanced account of an installation's emissions.
Faithfulness. A verified emissions report shall be capable of being depended upon by users to represent faithfully that which it either purports to represent or could reasonably be expected to represent.
Improvement of performance in monitoring and reporting emissions. The process of verifying the emission reports shall be an effective and reliable tool in its support of quality assurance and quality control procedures, providing information upon which an operator can act to improve its performance in monitoring and reporting emissions.
The monitoring and reporting process for an installation shall include all emissions from all sources belonging to activities listed in Annex I to the Directive, carried out at the installation, of greenhouse gases specified in relation to those activities.
Article 6(2)(b) of the Directive requires that greenhouse gas emissions permits shall contain a description of the activities and emission from the installation. Therefore, all sources of greenhouse gas emissions from activities listed in Annex I to the Directive that are to be monitored and reported shall be listed in the permit. Article 6(2)(c) of the Directive requires that greenhouse gas emissions permits shall contain monitoring requirements, specifying monitoring methodology and frequency.
Emissions from internal combustion engines for transportation purposes shall be excluded from the emission estimates.
The monitoring of emissions shall include emissions from regular operations and abnormal events including start-up and shut-down and emergency situations over the reporting period.
If the separate or combined production capacities or outputs of one or several activities belonging to the same activity subheading in Annex I to the Directive exceed the respective threshold defined in Annex I to the Directive in one installation or on one site, all emissions from all sources of all activities listed in Annex I to the Directive in the respective installation or site shall be monitored and reported.
Whether an additional combustion installation, such as a combined heat and power installation, is regarded as part of an installation carrying out another Annex I activity or as a separate installation depends on local circumstances and shall be established in the installation's greenhouse gas emission permit.
All emissions from an installation shall be assigned to that installation, regardless of exports of heat or electricity to other installations. Emissions associated with the production of heat or electricity imported from other installations shall not be assigned to the importing installation.
The complete, transparent and accurate monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions requires decisions to be taken when determining appropriate monitoring methodologies. This includes deciding between measurement and calculation as well as selecting specific tiers for the determination of activity data, emission factors and oxidation or conversion factors. The sum of approaches used by an operator for an installation for the determination of its emissions is referred to as a monitoring methodology.
Article 6(2)(c) of the Directive requires that greenhouse gas emissions permits shall contain monitoring requirements, specifying monitoring methodology and frequency. Each monitoring methodology shall be approved by the competent authority in accordance with the criteria set out in this section and its subsections. The Member State or its competent authorities shall ensure that the monitoring methodology to be applied by installations shall be specified either under the conditions of the permit or, where consistent with the Directive, in general binding rules.
The competent authority shall approve a detailed description of the monitoring methodology prepared by the operator before the start of the reporting period, and again after any change to the monitoring methodology applied to an installation.
- where applicable, information on relevant links with activities undertaken under the Community eco-management and audit scheme (EMAS).
The monitoring methodology shall be changed if this improves the accuracy of the reported data, unless this is technically not feasible or will lead to unreasonably high costs. All proposed changes in monitoring methodologies or the underlying data sets shall be clearly stated, justified, fully documented and submitted to the competent authority. All changes in methodologies or the underlying data sets shall be subject to approval from the competent authority.
- the competent authority has requested a change.
A competent authority may require the operator to change its monitoring methodology for the next reporting period if the reporting installation's monitoring methodologies are no longer in conformity with the rules laid down in these guidelines.
A competent authority may also require the operator to change its monitoring methodology for the next reporting period if the monitoring methodology under the permit has been updated in accordance with a review to be undertaken before each period referred to in Article 11(2) of the Directive.
- a measurement-based methodology ("measurement").
- the comparison between measurement and calculation is based on an identical list of sources and emissions.
The use of measurement shall be subject to the approval of the competent authority. For each reporting period the operator shall corroborate the measured emissions by means of calculation in accordance with these guidelines. The rules for the selection of the tiers of the corroborating calculation shall be the same as those applied for a calculation approach, set out in point 4.2.2.1.4.
The operator may, with the approval of the competent authority, combine measurement and calculation for different sources belonging to one installation. The operator shall ensure and demonstrate that neither gaps nor double counting concerning emissions occur.
or on an alternative approach if defined in the activity-specific guidelines.
The calculation of combustion emissions is further specified in Annex II.
The calculation of process emissions is further specified in the activity-specific guidelines in Annexes II to XI where sometimes specific reference factors are given.
CO2 which is not emitted from the installation but transferred out of the installation as a pure substance, as a component of fuels or directly used as a feedstock in the chemical or paper industry, shall be subtracted from the calculated level of emissions. The respective amount of CO2 shall be reported as a memo item.
- CO2 which is part of a fuel being exported from that installation.
CO2 being transferred to an installation as part of a mixed fuel (such as blast furnace gas or coke oven gas) shall be included in the emission factor for that fuel. Thereby, it shall be added to the emissions of the installation where the fuel is combusted and deducted from the installation of origin.
The Commission is stimulating research into the capture and storage of CO2. This research will be important for the development and adoption of guidelines on the monitoring and reporting of CO2 capture and storage, where covered under the Directive, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 23(2) of the Directive. Such guidelines will take into account the methodologies developed by the UNFCCC. Member States interested in the development of such guidelines are invited to submit their research findings to the Commission in order to promote the timely adoption of such guidelines.
Before such guidelines are adopted, Member States may submit to the Commission interim guidelines for the monitoring and reporting of the capture and storage of CO2 where covered under the Directive. Subject to the approval of the Commission, in accordance with the procedures referred to in Article 23(2) of the Directive, the capture and storage of CO2 may be subtracted from the calculated level of emissions from installations covered under the Directive in accordance with those interim guidelines.
The activity-specific guidelines set out in Annexes II to XI contain specific methodologies for determining the following variables: activity data, emission factors, oxidation or conversion factors. These different approaches are referred to as tiers. The increasing numbering of tiers from 1 upwards reflects increasing levels of accuracy, with the highest numbered tier as the preferred tier. Equivalent tiers are referred to with the same tier number and a specific alphabetic character (e.g. Tier 2a and 2b). For those activities where alternative calculation methods are provided within these guidelines (e.g. in Annex VII: "Method A - Carbonates" and "Method B - Clinker production") an operator may only change from one method to the other if he can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the competent authority that such change will lead to a more accurate monitoring and reporting of the emissions of the relevant activity.
The highest tier approach shall be used by all operators to determine all variables for all sources within<|fim_middle|> practice guidelines.
The laboratory used to determine the composition or emission factor shall be accredited according to EN ISO 17025 ("General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories").
The determination of the process emission factors and composition data for batches of materials shall follow generally accepted practice for representative sampling. The operator shall provide evidence that the derived process emission factor or composition data are representative and free of bias.
The respective value shall be used only for the batch of material for which it was intended to be representative.
The full documentation of the procedures used by the organisation for the determination of the emission factor or composition data and the full set of results shall be retained and made available to the verifier of the emissions report.
The term "biomass fraction" for the purpose of these guidelines refers to the percentage of mass combustible biomass carbon according to the biomass definition (see sections 2 and 9 of this Annex) out of the total mass of carbon in a fuel mixture.
The specific procedure to determine the biomass fraction of a specific fuel type including the sampling procedure shall be agreed with the competent authority before the start of the reporting period in which it will be applied.
The procedures applied to sample the fuel and to determine the biomass fraction shall be based on relevant CEN standards as soon as they are available. If CEN standards are not available ISO standards or national standards shall apply. Where no applicable standards exist, procedures can be carried out where possible in accordance with draft standards or industry best practice guidelines(8).
Methods applicable to determine the biomass fraction in a fuel could range from the manual sorting of components of mixed materials, to differential methods determining heating values of a binary mixture and its two pure components to an isotopic analysis of carbon-14, depending on the specific nature of the respective fuel mixture.
The laboratory used to determine the biomass fraction shall be accredited according to EN ISO 17025 ("General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories").
The determination of the biomass fraction in batches of materials shall follow generally accepted practice for representative sampling. The operator shall provide evidence that the derived values are representative and free of bias.
The full documentation of the procedures used in the respective laboratory for the determination of the biomass fraction and the full set of results shall be retained and made available to the verifier of the emissions report.
If the determination of the biomass fraction in a mixed fuel is technically not feasible or would lead to unreasonably high costs the operator shall either assume a 0 % biomass share (i.e. complete fossil origin of all carbon in that particular fuel) or propose an estimation method for approval by the competent authority.
The following tables shall be used as a basis for reporting and may be adapted corresponding to the number of activities, type of installation, fuels and processes monitored.
Emissions shall be reported according to the categories of the IPCC reporting format and the IPPC code of Annex A3 of the EPER Decision (see section 12.2 of this Annex). The specific categories of both reporting formats are shown below. Where an activity could be classified under two or more categories the selected classification shall reflect the primary purpose of the activity.
The table below is an excerpt of Annex A3 to Commission Decision 2000/479/EC of 17 July 2000 on the implementation of a European pollutant emission register (EPER) according to Article 15 of Council Directive 96/61/EC concerning integrated pollution prevention and control(10).
(2) Based on the ratio of atomic masses of carbon (12) and oxygen (16) as used in the Revised 1996 IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories: Reference manual, 1.13.
(3) OJ L 41, 14.2.2003, p. 26.
(4) Activity data for combustion activities shall be reported as energy (net calorific value) and mass. Biomass fuels or input materials also have to be reported as activity data.
(5) Emission factors for combustion activities shall be reported as CO2 emission per energy content.
(6) Conversion and oxidation factors shall be reported as dimensionless fractions.
(7) OJ L 226, 6.9.2000, p. 3. Most recently amended by Council Decision 2001/573/EC (OJ L 203, 28.7.2001, p. 18).
(8) An example is the Dutch BRL-K 10016 ("The share of biomass in secondary fuels") developed by KIWA.
(10) OJ L 192, 28.7.2000, p. 36.
The activity-specific guidelines contained in this Annex shall be used to monitor greenhouse gas emissions from combustion installations with a rated thermal input exceeding 20 MW (except hazardous or municipal waste installations) as listed in Annex I to the Directive and to monitor combustion emissions from other activities as listed in Annex I to the Directive where referred to in Annexes III to XI to these guidelines.
The monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions from combustion processes shall include emissions from the combustion of all fuels at the installation as well as emissions from scrubbing processes for example to remove SO2. Emissions from internal combustion engines for transportation purposes shall not be monitored and reported. All greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of fuels at the installation shall be assigned to the installation, regardless of exports of heat or electricity to other installations. Emissions associated with the production of heat or electricity that is imported from other installations shall not be assigned to the importing installation.
- any other equipment or machinery that uses fuel, excluding equipment or machinery with combustion engines that is used for transportation purposes.
Fuel consumption is metered without intermediate storage before combustion in the installation resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 7,5 % for the metering process.
Fuel consumption is metered without intermediate storage before combustion in the installation applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 % for the metering process.
Fuel consumption is metered without intermediate storage before combustion in the installation applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 1,5 % for the metering process.
It should be noted that different fuel types will result in significantly different permissible uncertainties for the metering process with gaseous and liquid fuels generally being metered more accurately than solid fuels. There are however many exceptions within each of the classes (depending on the type and properties of the fuel, the delivery path (ship, rail, truck, conveyor belt, pipeline) and circumstances specific to the installation) which preclude a simple attribution of fuels to tiers.
The operator applies country specific net calorific values for the respective fuel as listed in Appendix 2.1 A.3 "1990 country specific net calorific values" of the 2000 IPCC "Good practice guidance and uncertainty management in national greenhouse gas inventories" (http://www.ipcc.ch/pub/guide.htm).
The operator applies country specific net calorific values for the respective fuel as reported by the respective Member State in its latest national inventory submitted to the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
The net calorific value representative for each batch of fuel in an installation is measured by the operator, a contracted laboratory or the fuel supplier in accordance with the provisions of section 10 of Annex I.
Reference factors for each fuel are used as specified in section 8 of Annex I.
The operator applies country specific emission factors for the respective fuel as reported by the respective Member State in its latest national inventory submitted to the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
in combination with an empirical correlation as determined by an external laboratory according to the provisions of section 10 of Annex I. The operator shall ensure that the correlation satisfies the requirements of good engineering practice and that it is applied only to values of the proxy which fall into the range for which it was established.
Activity-specific emission factors representative for the respective batches are determined by the operator, an external laboratory or the fuel supplier according to the provisions of section 10 of Annex I.
A reference oxidation/reference value of 0,99 (corresponding to a 99 % conversion of carbon to CO2) is assumed for all solid fuels and of 0,995 for all other fuels.
For solid fuels activity-specific factors are derived by the operator based on carbon contents of ashes, effluents and other wastes and by-products and other non-fully oxidised emissions of carbon according to the provisions specified in section 10 of Annex I.
Emissions from flares shall include routine flaring and operational flaring (trips, start-up and shutdown) as well as emergency relieves.
CO2 emissions shall be calculated from the amount of gas flared [m3] and the carbon content of the flared gas [t CO2/m3] (including any inorganic carbon).
Amount of flare gas [m3] used during reporting period, derived by volume metering with a maximum permissible error of ± 12,5 % for the metering process.
Amount of flare gas [m3] used during reporting period, derived by volume metering with a maximum permissible uncertainty of ± 7,5 % for the metering process.
Amount of flare gas [m3] used during reporting period, derived by volume metering with a maximum permissible uncertainty of ± 2,5 % for the metering process.
Using a reference emission factor of 0,00785 t CO2/m3 (at standard conditions) derived from the combustion of pure butane used as a conservative proxy for flare gases.
Emission factor [t CO2/m3flare gas] calculated from the carbon content of the flared gas applying the provisions of section 10 of Annex I.
Calculation method A "Carbonate based"
[t] of dry carbonate as process input per year metered by operator or supplier with a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 7,5 % for the metering process.
Use of stoichiometric ratios of conversions of carbonates [t CO2/t dry carbonate] as shown in table 1. This value shall be adjusted for the respective moisture and gangue content of the applied carbonate material.
Calculation method B "gypsum based"
[t] of dry gypsum (CaSO4· 2H2O) as process output per year metered by operator or processor of gypsum with a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 7,5 % for the metering process.
The measurement guidelines contained in Annex I shall be applied.
Specific guidelines for the determination of emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions may be elaborated at a later stage, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Directive.
(1) In case volume units are used the operator shall consider any conversion that may be required to account for differences in pressure and temperature of the metering device and the standard conditions for which the net calorific value was derived for the respective fuel type.
The monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions from an installation shall include all emissions from combustion and production processes as occurring in refineries. Emissions from processes carried out in adjacent installations of the chemical industry not included in Annex I to the Directive, which are not part of the refining production chain shall not be accounted for.
- cokers (flexi-coking, delayed coking).
(c) using the mass balance approach on a well defined subset of fuel types or processes and individual calculations for the remaining fuel types and processes of the installation if the operator can demonstrate that it is more accurate for the whole installation than a calculation for each fuel type or process.
- Stock changes [tC]: stock increases of carbon within the boundaries of the installation.
The operator shall analyse and report the mass flows into and from the installation and respective stock changes for all relevant fuels and materials separately.
For a subset of fuels and materials, mass flows into and from the installation are determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 7,5 % for the metering process. All other fuel and material mass flows into and from the installation are determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 % for the metering process.
For a subset of fuels and materials, mass flows into and from the installation are determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 5,0 % for the metering process. All other fuel and material mass flows into and from the installation are determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 % for the metering process.
Mass flows into and from the installation are determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 % for the metering process.
Mass flows into and from the installation are determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 1,0 % for the metering process.
When calculating the mass balance the operator shall follow the provisions of section 10 of Annex I in respect to representative sampling of fuels, products and by-products, the determination of their carbon contents and biomass fraction.
For the purpose of consistent reporting, the energy content of each of the fuel and material streams (expressed as net-calorific value of the respective streams) shall be calculated.
Combustion emissions shall be monitored in accordance with Annex II.
The coke deposited on the catalyst as a by-product of the cracking process is burned in the regenerator in order to restore the activity of the catalyst. Further refinery processes employ a catalyst which needs to be regenerated, e.g. catalytic reforming.
The amount of CO2 emitted in this process shall be calculated in accordance with Annex II, with the amount of coke combusted as activity data and the carbon content of the coke as basis for the calculation of the emission factor.
Amount of coke [t] burned from catalyst during reporting period, based on industry best practice guidelines for the specific process.
Amount of coke [t] burned from catalyst during reporting period, as calculated from the heat and material balance over the catalytic cracker.
Activity-specific emission factor [t CO2/t coke] based on the carbon content of the coke derived in accordance with the provisions of section 10 in Annex I.
Amount of coke [t] produced during reporting period, derived by weighing with a maximum permissible uncertainty of ± 5,0 % for the metering process.
Amount of coke [t] produced during reporting period, derived by weighing with a maximum permissible uncertainty of ± 2,5 % for the metering process.
Specific emission factor [t CO2/t coke based on industry best practice guidelines for the specific process.
Specific emission factor [t CO2/t coke] derived based on the measured CO2 content in off-gases with the provisions of section 10 of Annex I.
The CO2-emitted stems from the carbon content of the feed gas. An input-based calculation of CO2-emissions shall be carried out.
Amount of hydrocarbon feed [t feed] processed during the reporting period, derived by volume metering with a maximum permissible uncertainty of ± 7,5 % for the metering process.
Amount of hydrocarbon feed [t feed] processed during the reporting period, derived by volume metering with a maximum permissible uncertainty of ± 2,5 % for the metering process.
Use a reference value of 2,9 t CO2 per t feed processed conservatively based on ethane.
Use of an activity-specific emission factor [CO2/t feed] calculated from the carbon content of the feed gas, determined according to section 10 of Annex I.
Coke ovens can be part of steel works with a direct technical connection to sintering installations and installations for the production of pig iron and steel including continuous casting, causing an intensive energy and material exchange (for example blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, coke) to take place in regular operation. If the installation's permit according to Article 4, 5 and 6 of the Directive encompasses the entire steel works and not solely the coke oven, the CO2-emissions may also be monitored for the integrated steel works as a whole, using the mass balance approach specified in section 2.1.1 of this Annex.
If waste gas scrubbing is carried out at the installation and the resulting emissions are not calculated as part of the installation's process emissions, they shall be calculated in accordance with Annex II.
(b) for the coke oven as individual activity of the integrated steelworks.
For a subset of fuels and materials mass flows into and from the installation are determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 7,5 % for the metering process. All other fuel and material mass flows into and from the installation are determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 % for the metering process.
For a subset of fuels and materials mass flows into and from the installation are determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 5,0 % for the metering process. All other fuel and material mass flows into and from the installation are determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 % for the metering process.
For the purpose of consistent reporting the energy content of each of the fuel and material streams (expressed as net-calorific value of the respective streams) shall be calculated.
Combustion processes taking place at coke ovens where fuels (e.g. coke, coal, and natural gas) are not used as reducing agents or do not stem from metallurgical reactions shall be monitored and reported in accordance with Annex II.
During carbonisation in the coke chamber of the coke oven, coal is converted under the exclusion of air to coke and crude coke oven gas (crude COG). The main carbon containing input material/input streams is coal, but may also be coke slack, petrol coke, oil and process gases such as blast furnace gas. The crude coke oven gas, as part of the process output, contains many carbon containing components, amongst others carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4), hydrocarbons (CxHy).
Activity dataINPUT can comprise coal as raw material, coke slack, petrol coke, oil, blast furnace gas, coke oven gas and alike. Activity dataOUTPUT can comprise: coke, tar, light oil, coke oven gas and alike.
The mass flow of fuels into and from the installation is determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 7,5 % for the metering process.
The mass flow of fuels into and from the installation is determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 5,0 % for the metering process.
The mass flow of the fuel into and from the installation is determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 % for the metering process.
The mass flow of the fuel into and from the installation is determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 1,0 % for the metering process.
The operator applies country-specific net calorific values for the respective fuel as listed in Appendix 2.1 A.3 "1990 country specific net calorific values" of the 2000 IPCC "Good practice guidance and uncertainty management in national greenhouse gas inventories" (http://www.ipcc.ch/pub/guide.htm).
The operator applies country-specific net calorific values for the respective fuel as reported by the respective Member State in its latest national inventory submitted to the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Specific emission factors are determined in accordance with the provisions of section 10 of Annex I.
Metal ore roasting and sintering installations can form an integral part of steel works with a direct technical connection to coke ovens and installations for the production of pig iron and steel including continuous casting. Thus an intensive energy and material exchange (e.g. blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, coke, limestone) takes place in regular operation. If the installation's permit according to Articles 4, 5 and 6 of the Directive encompasses the entire steel works and not solely the roasting or sintering installation, the CO2 emissions may also be monitored for the integrated steel works as a whole. In such cases the mass balance approach (section 2.1.1 of this Annex) may be used.
Operator may calculate emissions using either the mass balance approach or for every source of the installation.
Combustion processes that take place at metal ore roasting and sintering installations shall be monitored and reported in accordance with Annex II.
Amounts [t] of carbonate input material [tCaCO3, tMgCO3 or tCaCO3-MgCO3] and process residues used as input material employed in the process as weighed by operator or supplier with a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 5,0 % for the metering process.
Amounts [t] of carbonate input material [tCaCO3, tMgCO3 or tCaCO3-MgCO3] and process residues used as input material employed in the process as weighed by operator or supplier with a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 % for the metering process.
These values shall be adjusted for the respective moisture and gangue content of the applied carbonate material.
For process residues: activity-specific factors shall be determined according to the provisions of section 10 of Annex I.
Activity-specific factors determined according to the provisions of section 10 of Annex I, determining the amount of carbon in the sinter produced and in filtered dust. In case filtered dust is reemployed in the process, the amount of carbon [t] contained shall not be accounted for in order to avoid double counting.
The guidelines in this Annex encompass emissions from installations for the production of pig iron and steel, including continuous casting. They refer to primary (blast furnace (BF) and basic oxygen furnace (BOF)) and secondary (electric arc furnace (EAF)) steel production.
Installations for the production of pig iron and steel including continuous casting are generally integral parts of steel works with a technical connection to coke ovens and sinter installations. Thus an intensive energy and material exchange (e.g. blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, coke, limestone) takes place in regular operation. If the installation's permit according to Article 4, 5 and 6 of the Directive encompasses the entire steel works and not solely the blast furnace, the CO2 emissions may also be monitored for the integrated steel works as a whole. In such cases the mass balance approach as presented in section 2.1.1 of this Annex may be used.
Combustion processes taking place at installations for the production of pig iron and steel including continuous casting where fuels (e.g. coke, coal, and natural gas) are not used as reducing agents or do not stem from metallurgical reactions shall be monitored and reported in accordance with Annex II.
Installations for the production of pig iron and steel including continuous casting are normally characterised by a sequence of facilities (e.g. blast furnace, basic oxygen furnace, hot rolling mill) and these facilities frequently have technical connections to other installations (e.g. coke oven, sinter installation, power installation). Within such installations a number of different fuels are used as reducing agents. Generally these installations also produce process gases of different compositions, e.g. coke oven gas/COG, blast furnace gas/BFG, basic oxygen furnace gas/BOFG).
The mass flow of the fuel into and from the installation is determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 7,5 % for the metering process.
The mass flow of the fuel into and from the installation is determined applying metering devices resulting in a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 5,0 % for the metering process.
The operator applies country specific net calorific values for the respective fuel as listed in Appendix 2.1 A.3 "1990 country-specific net calorific values" of the 2000 IPCC "Good practice guidance and uncertainty management in national greenhouse gas inventories" (http://www.ipcc.ch/pub/guide.htm).
The emission factor for the activity dataOUTPUT refers to the amount of non-CO2 carbon in process output, which is expressed as tCO2/t output to enhance comparability.
Reference factors for input and output material from see tables 1 and 2 below and section 8 of Annex I).
Specific emission factors (t CO2/tINPUT or tOUTPUT) for input and output materials, developed in accordance with the provisions of section 10 of Annex I.
Combustion processes involving different types of fuels (e.g. coal, petcoke, fuel oil, natural gas and the broad range of waste fuels) that take place at installations for the production of cement clinker shall be monitored and reported in accordance with Annex II. Emissions from the combustion of the organic content of (alternative) raw materials shall also be calculated according to Annex II.
In cement kilns the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels is negligible, due to the very high combustion temperatures, long residence time in kilns and minimal residual carbon found in clinker. Carbon in all kiln fuels shall therefore be accounted for as fully oxidized (oxidation factor = 1,0).
During calcination in the kiln, CO2 from carbonates is released from the raw mix. Calcination CO2 is directly linked with clinker production.
Calcination CO2 shall be calculated based on the amounts of clinker produced and the CaO and MgO contents of clinker. The emission factor shall be corrected for already calcined Ca and Mg entering the kiln, for instance through fly ash or alternative fuels and raw materials with a relevant CaO content (e.g. sewage sludge).
Emissions shall be calculated based on the carbonate content of the process input (calculation method A) or on the amount of clinker produced (calculation method B). These approaches are considered equivalent.
Amount of pure carbonates (e.g. limestone) contained in the raw meal [t] as process input employed during the reporting period, determined by weighing the raw meal with a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 5,0 %. The determination of the amount of carbonates from the composition of relevant raw material is characterised by industry best practice guidelines.
Amount of pure carbonates (e.g. limestone) contained in the raw meal [t] as process input employed during the reporting period, determined by weighing the raw meal with a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 %. The determination of the amount of carbonates from the composition of relevant raw material is determined by the operator according to section 10 of Annex I.
Stoichiometric ratios of carbonates in process input as shown in table 1 below.
Amount of clinker [t] produced in the reporting period.
Amount of clinker produced [t] derived by weighing with a permissible uncertainty of less than ± 5 % for the metering process.
Amount of clinker produced [t] derived by weighing with a permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 % for the metering process.
The cement/clinker ratio shall be calculated and applied separately for the different cement types produced in the specific installation. The amounts of clinker dispatched and supplied shall be determined with a permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 % for the metering process. The uncertainty of the determination of stock changes over the reporting period shall exhibit an uncertainty of less than ± 10 %.
The emission factor is calculated from a CaO- and MgO-balance, assuming that part of these were not derived from conversion of carbonates but were already contained in the process input. The composition of the clinker and the relevant raw materials is to be determined following the provisions of section 10 on Annex I.
This equation uses the stoichiometric fraction of CO2/CaO and CO2/MgOshown in table 2 below.
Amount of CKD or bypass dust [t] discarded during reporting period derived by weighing with a permissible uncertainty of less than ± 10 % for the metering process.
Amount of CKD or bypass dust [t] discarded during reporting period derived by weighing with a permissible uncertainty of less than ± 5,0 % for the metering process.
Use of the reference value of 0,525 t CO2 per ton clinker also for CKD.
d= degree of CKD calcination (released CO2 as % of total carbonate CO2 in the raw mix).
If waste gas scrubbing is carried out at the installation and the resulting emissions are not calculated as part of the installation's process emissions, they shall be calculated in accordance with Annex II..
Combustion processes involving different types of fuels (e.g. coal, petcoke, fuel oil, natural gas and the broad range of waste fuels) that take place at installations for the production of lime shall be monitored and reported in accordance with Annex II. Emissions from the combustion of the organic content of (alternative) raw materials shall also be calculated according to Annex II.
During calcination in the kiln, CO2 from carbonates is released from the raw materials. Calcination CO2 is directly linked with the lime production. On installation level, calcination CO2 can be calculated in two ways: based on the amount of carbonates from the raw material (mainly limestone, dolomite) converted in the process (calculation method A), or based on the amount of alkali oxides in the lime produced (calculation method B). The two approaches are considered to be equivalent.
Activity dataCarbonate-INPUT and activity dataCarbonate-OUTPUT are the amounts [t] of CaCO3, MgCO3 or other alkali earth or alkali carbonates employed during the reporting period.
Amount of pure carbonates (e.g. limestone) [t] in process input and the product during the reporting period, determined by weighing with maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 5,0 % for the metering process of the raw material. The composition of relevant raw material and the product is characterised by industry best practice guidelines.
Amount of pure carbonates (e.g. limestone) [t] in process input and the product during the reporting period, determined by weighing with maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 % for the metering process of the raw material. The composition of relevant raw material and the product is determined by the operator according to section 10 of Annex I.
Stoichiometric ratios of carbonates in process input and output as shown in table 1.
CO2 shall be calculated based on the amounts of CaO, MgO and other alkali earth /alkali oxide contents in the lime produced. Already calcined Ca and Mg entering the kiln, for instance through fly ash or alternative fuels and raw materials with a relevant CaO or MgO content shall be considered.
The term "activity dataO OUTPUT - activity dataO INPUT" is the total amount [t] of CaO, MgO or other alkali earth or alkali oxides converted from respective carbonates during the reporting period.
Mass of CaO, MgO or other alkali earth or alkali oxides [t] in the product and the process input during the reporting period derived by weighing by the operator with a maximum permissible uncertainty of ± 5,0 % for the metering process and industry best practice guidelines on the composition of the respective product types and raw materials.
Mass of CaO, MgO or other alkali earth or alkali oxides [t] in the product and in the process input during the reporting period derived by weighing by the operator with a maximum permissible uncertainty of ± 2,5 % for the metering process and composition analyses following the provision of section 10 of Annex I.
Stoichiometric ratios of oxides in process input and output as shown in table 2.
Combustion processes that take place at installations for the manufacture of glass shall be monitored and reported in accordance with Annex II.
CO2 is released during melting in the kiln, from carbonates contained in the raw materials, and from the neutralisation of HF, HCl and SO2 in the exhaust gases with limestone or other carbonates. Emissions from the decomposition of carbonates in the melting process and from scrubbing shall both be part of the installation's emissions. They shall be added up to the emission total but be reported separately if possible.
CO2 from carbonates in the raw materials released during melting in the kiln, is directly linked with the glass production and can be calculated in two ways: based on the converted quantity of carbonates from raw material -mainly soda, lime/limestone, dolomite and other alkali and alkali earth carbonates supplemented by recycle glass (cullet) - (calculation method A), or based on the amount of alkali oxides in the glass produced (calculation method B). The two calculation methods are considered equivalent.
Activity dataCarbonate is the amount [t] of CaCO3, MgCO3, Na2CO3, BaCO3 or other alkali earth or alkali carbonates in raw materials (soda, lime/limestone, dolomite) processed during the reporting period as well as the amount of carbon containing additives.
The mass of CaCO3, MgCO3, Na2CO3, BaCO3 or other alkali earth or alkali carbonates and the mass of carbon containing additives [t] in the process input during the reporting period derived by weighing of the respective raw materials by the operator or the supplier with a maximum permissible uncertainty of ± 2,5 % for the metering process and composition data from industry best practice guidelines for the specific product category.
The mass of CaCO3, MgCO3, Na2CO3, BaCO3 or other alkali earth or alkali carbonates and the mass of carbon containing additives [t] in the process input during the reporting period derived by weighing of the respective raw material by the operator or the supplier with a maximum permissible uncertainty of ± 1,0 % for the metering process and composition analyses following the provision of section 10 of Annex I.
Stoichiometric ratios of carbonates in process input and output as in table 1.
These values shall be adjusted according to moisture and gangue content of the applied carbonate materials.
Specific emission factor derived following the provisions of section 10 of Annex I.
CO2 emissions shall be calculated based on the amounts of glass produced and the CaO, MgO, Na2O, BaO and other alkali earth /alkali contents of the glass (activity dataO OUTPUT). The emission factor shall be corrected for Ca, Mg, Na and Ba and other alkali earth /alkali entering the kiln not as carbonates, for instance through recycling glass or alternative fuels and raw materials with a relevant CaO, MgO, Na2O or BaO and other alkali earth /alkali oxides content (activity dataO INPUT).
The term "Activity dataO OUTPUT - activity dataO INPUT" is the mass [t] of CaO, MgO, Na2O, BaO or other alkali earth or alkali oxides converted from carbonates during the reporting period.
Amount [t] of CaO, MgO, Na2O, BaO or other alkali earth or alkali oxides employed during the reporting period in the process input and in the products as well as the amount of carbon containing additives derived by metering of input materials and products at installation level with a permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 % for the metering process and composition data from industry best practice guidelines for the specific product category and raw materials.
Amount [t] of CaO, MgO, Na2O, BaO or other alkali earth or alkali oxides employed during the reporting period in the process input and in the products as well as the amount of carbon containing additives derived by metering of input materials and products at installation level with a permissible uncertainty of less than ± 1,0 % for the metering process and composition analyses following the provision of section 10 of Annex I.
Specific emission factors derived following the provisions of section 10 of Annex I.
Combustion processes that take place at installations for the manufacture of ceramic products shall be monitored and reported in accordance with Annex II.
CO2 from carbonates and from carbon contained in other input materials shall be calculated using either a calculation method based on the amount of carbonates from raw material (mainly limestone, dolomite) converted in the process (calculation method A), or a methodology based on the alkali oxides in ceramics produced (calculation method B). The two approaches are considered equivalent.
Calculation is based on the carbonate input, including the amount of limestone employed to neutralise HF, HCl and SO2 in the exhaust gases as well as from carbon contained in the amount of additives. Double counting through the internal recycling of dust shall be avoided.
Activity dataCarbonate is the amount [t] of CaCO3, MgCO3 or other alkali earth or alkali carbonates employed during the reporting period through the raw materials (limestone, dolomite) and their CO32- concentration as well as the amount [t] of carbon containing additives.
The mass of CaCO3, MgCO3 or other alkali earth or alkali carbonates [t] as well as the amount [t] of carbon containing additives in the process input during the reporting period derived by weighing by the operator or the supplier with a maximum permissible uncertainty of ± 2,5 % for the metering process and composition data from industry best practice guidelines for the specific product category.
The mass of CaCO3, MgCO3 or other alkali earth or alkali carbonates [t] as well as the amount [t] of carbon containing additives in the process input during the reporting period derived by weighing by the operator or the supplier with a maximum permissible uncertainty of ± 1,0 % for the metering process and composition analyses following the provision of section 10 of Annex I.
Calcination CO2 is calculated based on the amounts of ceramics produced and the CaO, MgO and other (earth) alkali oxide contents of the ceramics (activity dataO OUTPUT). The emission factor is corrected for already calcined Ca, Mg and for other alkali earth/alkali contents entering the kiln (activity dataO INPUT), for instance alternative fuels and raw materials with a relevant CaO or MgO content. Emissions from HF, HCl or SO2 reduction shall be calculated based on the carbonate input according to the procedures laid out in calculation method A.
The term "activity dataO OUTPUT - activity dataO INPUT" is the amounts [t] of CaO, MgO or other alkali earth or alkali oxides converted from carbonates during the reporting period.
Mass of CaO, MgO or other alkali earth or alkali oxides [t] in the process input and in the products during the reporting period derived by weighing by the operator with a maximum permissible uncertainty of ± 2,5 % for the metering process and industry best practice guidelines on the composition of the respective product types and raw materials.
Mass of CaO, MgO or other alkali earth or alkali oxides [t] in the process input and in the products during the reporting period derived by weighing by the operator with a maximum permissible uncertainty of ± 1,0 % for the metering process and composition analyses following the provision of section 10 of Annex I.
Stoichiometric ratios of oxides in process input and output shall be used (see Table 2).
CO2 from exhaust gas scrubbing shall be calculated based on the amount of CaCO3 input.
The amount [t] of dry CaCO3 employed during the reporting period determined by weighing by operator or the supplier with permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 % for the metering process.
The amount [t] of dry CaCO3 employed during the reporting period determined by weighing by operator or the supplier with permissible uncertainty of less than ± 1,0 % for the metering process.
Stoichiometric ratios of CaCO3 as shown in table 1.
If the installation exports fossil fuel-derived CO2, for instance to an adjacent precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) installation, these exports shall not be included in the installation's emissions.
- gas-or other fossil fuel-fired dryers (such as infrared dryers).
Wastewater treatment and landfills, including anaerobic wastewater treatment or sludge digestion operations and landfills used to dispose of mill wastes, are not listed in Annex I to the Directive. Consequently their emissions fall outside the scope of the Directive.
Emissions from combustion processes that take place at pulp and paper installations shall be monitored in accordance with Annex II.
Emissions are caused by the use of carbonates as make-up chemicals in pulp mills. Although losses of sodium and calcium from the recovery system and causticising area are usually made up using non-carbonate chemicals, small amounts of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), which do result in CO2 emissions are sometimes used. The carbon contained in these chemicals is usually of fossil origin, although in some cases (e.g., Na2CO3 purchased from soda-based semi-chem mills) it can be derived from biomass.
It is assumed that the carbon in these chemicals is emitted as CO2 from the lime kiln or recovery furnace. These emissions are determined by assuming that all of the carbon in CaCO3 and Na2CO3 used in the recovery and causticising areas is released to the atmosphere.
Calcium make-up is required because of losses from the causticising area, most of which are in the form of calcium carbonate.
Activity dataCarbon are the amounts of CaCO3 and Na2CO3 employed in the process.
Amounts [t] of CaCO3 and Na2CO3 employed in the process as weighed by operator or supplier with a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 2,5 % for the metering process.
Amounts [t] of CaCO3 and Na2CO3 employed in the process as weighed by operator or supplier with a maximum permissible uncertainty of less than ± 1,0 % for the metering process.
Stoichiometric ratios [tCO2/tCaCO3] and [tCO2/tNa2Cs] for non-biomass carbonates as indicated in table 1. Biomass carbonates are weighted with an emission factor of 0 [t CO2/t Carbonate]. | an installation for monitoring and reporting purposes. Only if it is shown to the satisfaction of the competent authority that the highest tier approach is technically not feasible or will lead to unreasonably high costs, may a next lower tier be used for that variable within a monitoring methodology.
Therefore, the selected tier shall reflect the highest level of accuracy that is technically feasible and does not lead to unreasonably high costs. The operator may apply different approved tiers to the variables: activity data, emission factors, oxidation or conversion factors used within a single calculation. The choice of tiers shall be subject to approval by the competent authority (see section 4.2).
During the period 2005 to 2007, Member States should apply as a minimum the tiers as set out in table 1 below, unless this is technically not feasible. Columns A contain tier values for major sources from installations with total annual emissions equal to or less than 50 ktonnes. Columns B contain tier values for major sources from installations with total annual emissions of more than 50 ktonnes but less than and including 500 ktonnes. Columns C contain tier values for major sources from installations with total annual emissions of more than 500 ktonnes. The size thresholds contained in the table refer to total annual emissions from the entire installation.
With the approval of the competent authority, the operator may apply lower tiers for the variables used to calculate emissions from minor sources, including minor streams of fuels or materials than the tiers applied for the variables used to calculate emissions from major sources or major streams of fuels or materials within an installation. Major sources, including major streams of fuels and materials are those which, if ranked in order of their decreasing magnitude, cumulatively contribute at least 95 % to the total annual emissions of the installation. Minor sources are those emitting 2,5 ktonnes or less per year or that contribute 5 % or less to the total annual emissions of an installation, whichever is the highest in terms of absolute emissions. For those minor sources jointly emitting 0,5 ktonnes or less per year or that contribute less than 1 % of total annual emissions of that installation, whichever is the highest in terms of absolute emissions, the operator of an installation may apply a de minimis approach for monitoring and reporting using his own no-tier estimation method, subject to the approval of the competent authority.
For pure biomass fuels, lower tier approaches may be applied unless the respective calculated emissions are to be used for the subtraction of biomass carbon from carbon dioxide emissions derived by means of continuous emission measurement.
For installations with a total of more than 500 ktonnes of annual CO2 equivalent emissions the competent authority shall notify the Commission by 30 September of each year, starting in 2004, if the application of a combination of highest tier approaches for major sources within that installation for the forthcoming reporting period is found to be technically not feasible or is expected to lead to unreasonably high costs. On the basis of this information received from the competent authorities, the Commission will consider whether a revision of the rules on the selection of tiers is appropriate.
If the highest tier methodology, or the variable-specific agreed tier is temporarily not feasible for technical reasons, an operator may apply the highest achievable tier until such time as the conditions for application of the former tier have been restored. The operator shall without undue delay provide proof of the necessity for a change of tiers to the competent authority and details of the interim monitoring methodology. The operator shall take all necessary action to allow the prompt restoration of the original tier for monitoring and reporting purposes.
Changes of tiers shall be fully documented. The treatment of minor data gaps which result from downtimes of metering equipment shall follow good professional practice and the provisions of the Integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC) reference document on the general principles of monitoring of July 2003(1).
When tiers are changed within a reporting period the results for the affected activity shall be calculated and reported as separate sections of the annual report to the competent authority for the respective parts of the reporting period.
Activity data represents information on material flow, consumption of fuel, input material or production output expressed as energy content [TJ] determined as net calorific value for fuels and mass or volume for input or output materials [t or m3].
In cases in which it is technically not feasible or would lead to unreasonably high costs to determine "Material S" and "Material E" by measurement e.g. metering, the operator may estimate these two quantities based on data from previous years and correlation with output for the reporting period. The operator shall then corroborate these estimates with supporting documented calculations and respective financial statements. All other requirements on tier selection shall remain unaffected by this provision, e.g. "Material P" and "Material O" and respective emission or oxidation factors shall be determined according to the activity-specific guidelines in Annexes II to XI.
To assist the selection of appropriate tiers for activity data, table 2 below gives an overview of ranges of typical uncertainties found for different types of metering devices used to determine mass fluxes of fuels, material flow, input materials or production output. The table may be used to inform competent authorities and operators about the possibilities and limitations for applying appropriate tiers for the determination of activity data.
Emission factors are based on the carbon content of fuels or input materials and expressed as tCO2/TJ (combustion emissions), or tCO2/t or tCO2/m3 (process emissions). Emission factors and provisions for the development of activity-specific emission factors are given in sections 8 and 10 of this Annex. An operator may use an emission factor for a fuel expressed as carbon content (tCO2/t) rather than tCO2/TJ for combustion emissions if he demonstrates to the competent authority that this leads to a permanently higher accuracy. In this case the operator shall nevertheless periodically determine the energy content to meet his reporting requirements as specified in section 5 of this Annex.
For the conversion of carbon into the respective value for CO2 the factor(2) of 3,667 [t CO2/t C] shall be used.
The more accurate tiers require the development of activity-specific factors in accordance with the requirements contained in section 10 of this Annex. The tier 1 approaches require the use of reference emission factors, which are listed in section 8 of this Annex.
Biomass is considered as CO2-neutral. An emission factor of 0 [t CO2/TJ or t or m3] shall be applied to biomass. An exemplary list of different types of materials accepted as biomass is given in section 9 of this Annex.
For fossil waste fuels no reference emission factors are provided in these guidelines, therefore specific emission factors shall be derived according to the provisions of section 10 of this Annex.
For fuels or materials containing both fossil and biomass carbon, a weighted emission factor shall be applied, based on the proportion of the fossil carbon in the fuel's overall carbon content. This calculation shall be transparent and documented in accordance with the rules and procedures of section 10 of this Annex.
All relevant information regarding the emission factors used, including information sources and results of analyses of fuel, input and output material shall be clearly recorded. More detailed requirements are set out in the activity-specific guidelines.
If an emission factor does not reflect the proportion of the carbon that is not oxidised, then an additional oxidation/conversion factor shall be used.
The more accurate tiers require the development of activity-specific factors, therefore provisions for deriving these factors are set out in section 10 of this Annex.
If different fuels or material are used within an installation and activity-specific oxidation factors are calculated, the operator may determine one aggregate oxidation factor for the activity and apply it to all fuels or material, or attribute incomplete oxidation to one major stream of fuel or material and use a value of 1 for the others.
All relevant information regarding the oxidation/conversion factors used, including information sources and results of analyses of fuel, input and output material, shall be clearly recorded.
General guidelines for the calculation of emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions may be elaborated at a later stage, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Directive.
As set out in section 4.2.1, greenhouse gas emissions may be determined using continuous emission measurement systems (CEMS) from each source using standardised or accepted methods once the operator has received approval from the competent authority before the reporting period that using a CEMS achieves greater accuracy than the calculation of emissions using the most accurate tier approach. For each reporting period thereafter, emissions determined using CEMS shall be corroborated by a supporting calculation of emissions, with the rules for the selection of the tiers being the same as those applied for a calculation approach, set out in paragraph 4.2.2.1.4.
Measurement procedures for CO2 concentrations as well as for the mass or volume flow of off-gases through each stack shall use relevant CEN standards as soon as they are available. If CEN standards are not available, ISO standards or national standards shall apply. Where no applicable standards exist, procedures can be carried out where possible in accordance with draft standards or industry best practice guidelines.
- ISO 10012:2003 "Measurement management systems - Requirements for measurement processes and measuring equipment".
- accuracy against a reference method.
The biomass fraction of measured CO2 emissions shall be subtracted based on the calculation approach and shall be reported as a memo item (see section 12 of this Annex).
General guidelines for the measurement of emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions may be elaborated at a later stage, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Directive.
"Permissible uncertainty" within these guidelines shall be expressed as the 95 % confidence interval around the measured value, e.g. when characterising metering equipment for the tier system or the accuracy of a continuous measurement system.
The operator shall have an understanding of the impact of uncertainty on the overall accuracy of his reported emission data.
Under the calculation-based methodology, the competent authority will have approved the combination of tiers for each source in an installation plus approved all other details of the monitoring methodology for that installation as contained within the installation's permit. In doing so, the competent authority has authorised the uncertainty directly resulting from correct application of the approved monitoring methodology, and the evidence of that approval is the content of the permit.
The operator shall state the approved combination of tiers for each source in an installation in his annual emissions report to the competent authority for each activity and relevant stream of fuel or material. Stating the combination of tiers in the emissions report shall constitute reporting uncertainty for the purposes of the Directive. Hence there is no further requirement to report on uncertainty if the calculation-based methodology is applied.
The permissible uncertainty determined for metering equipment within the tier system shall comprise the specified uncertainty of metering equipment, uncertainty associated to the calibration and any additional uncertainty connected to how the metering equipment is used in practice. The stated threshold values within the tier system refer to the uncertainty associated to the value for one reporting period.
The operator, via the quality assurance and control process, shall manage and reduce the remaining uncertainties of the emissions data in his emissions report. During the verification process, the verifier shall check the correct application of the approved monitoring methodology, and shall assess the management and reduction of remaining uncertainties via the operator's quality assurance and control procedures.
- additional uncertainty connected to how the monitoring equipment is used in practice.
- additional uncertainty connected to how the metering equipment is used in practice.
- additional uncertainty connected to how the calculation method is used in practice.
On the basis of the operator's justification, the competent authority may approve the operator's use of a continuous emission measurement system for certain sources in an installation plus approve all other details of the monitoring methodology for those sources as to be contained within the installation's permit. In doing so, the competent authority has authorised the uncertainty directly resulting from correct application of the approved monitoring methodology, and the evidence of that approval is the content of the permit.
The operator shall state the uncertainty figure resulting from this initial comprehensive uncertainty analysis in his annual emissions report to the competent authority for the relevant sources until such point that the competent authority reviews the choice of measurement over calculation and requests that the uncertainty figure be recalculated. Stating this uncertainty figure in the emissions report shall constitute reporting uncertainty for the purposes of the Directive.
Table 3 gives an indicative overview of overall uncertainty typically achievable with respect to determination of CO2 emissions from installations of different magnitudes of emissions levels. The information in this table should be considered by the competent authority when evaluating or approving the monitoring methodology of a given installation using calculation methods or using continuous emissions measurement systems.
Annex IV to the Directive sets out the reporting requirements for installations. The reporting format set out in section 11 of this Annex shall be used as a basis for reporting of the quantitative data. The report shall be verified in accordance with the detailed requirements established by the Member State pursuant to Annex V to the Directive. The operator shall submit the verified report to the competent authority by 31 March each year for emissions during the preceding year.
Emission reports held by the competent authority shall be made available to the public by that authority subject to the rules laid down in Directive 2003/4/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2003 on public access to environmental information and repealing Council Directive 90/313/EEC(3). With regard to the application of the exception laid down in Article 4 (2) (d) of that Directive, operators may indicate in their report which information they consider commercially sensitive.
4. any other changes in the installation during the reporting period that may be relevant for the emissions report.
Information to be provided under points 3 and 4 and supplementary information regarding point 2 is not suitable for presentation in the tabulated form of the reporting format and shall therefore be included in the annual emission report as plain text.
- CO2 transferred from an installation [t CO2], and in what type of compounds it was transferred.
Fuels and resulting emissions shall be reported using the IPCC standard fuel categories (see section 8 of this Annex) which are based on the definitions of the International Energy Agency (http://www.iea.org/stats/defs/ defs.htm). In the event that the Member State relevant to the operator has published a list of fuel categories including definitions and emission factors consistent with its latest national inventory submitted to the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change these categories and their emissions factors shall be used if approved under the relevant monitoring methodology.
In addition, waste types and emissions resulting from their use as fuels or input materials shall be reported. The waste types shall be reported using the classification of the "European List of Wastes" (Commission Decision 2000/532/EC of 3 May 2000 replacing Decision 94/3/EC establishing a list of wastes pursuant to Article 1(a) of Council Directive 75/442/EEC on waste and Council Decision 94/904/EC establishing a list of hazardous waste pursuant to Article 1(4) of Council Directive 91/689/EEC on hazardous waste(7): (http://europa.eu.int/comm/ environment/waste/legislation/ a.htm). The respective six-digit codes shall be added to the names of the relevant waste types used in the installation.
Emissions occurring from different sources of a single installation belonging to the same type of activity may be reported in an aggregate manner for the type of activity.
Emissions shall be reported as rounded tonnes of CO2 (for example 1245978 tonnes). Activity data, emission factors and oxidation or conversion factors shall be rounded to include only significant digits both for emission calculations and reporting purposes, for example only a total of five digits (for example 1,2369) for a value which exhibits an uncertainty of ± 0,01 %.
(2) the IPPC code of Annex A3 of the European pollutant emission register (EPER) (see section 12.2 of this Annex).
An operator of an installation shall document and archive monitoring data for the installation's emissions from all sources belonging to activities listed in Annex I to the Directive of greenhouse gases specified in relation to those activities.
The documented and archived monitoring data shall be sufficient to allow for the verification of the annual emissions report of an installation's emissions submitted by the operator pursuant to Article 14(3) to the Directive, in accordance with the criteria set out in Annex V to the Directive.
Data that are not part of the annual emissions report shall not be required to be reported or made public otherwise.
- any other information that is identified as required for the verification of the annual emissions report.
- documentation of any changes of the measurement system.
The operator shall establish, document, implement and maintain an effective data management system for the monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions in accordance with these guidelines. The operator shall put in place this data management system before the start of the reporting period, in order that all data is recorded and controlled appropriately in preparation for verification. The information stored within the data management system shall include the information listed under section 6.
The required quality assurance and control procedures may be implemented in the context of the EU EcoManagement and audit scheme (EMAS) or other environmental management systems, including ISO 14001:1996 ("Environmental management systems - Specification with guidance for use").
- corrective and preventive action.
Where an operator chooses to outsource any process that affects the quality assurance and control procedures, the operator shall ensure control over and transparency of such processes. The relevant control and transparency measures of such outsourced processes shall be identified within the quality assurance and control procedures.
The operator shall ensure that relevant measuring equipment is calibrated, adjusted and checked at regular intervals including prior to use, and checked against measurement standards traceable to international measurement standards. In addition, the operator shall assess and record the validity of the previous measuring results when the equipment is found not to conform to requirements. When the equipment is found not to conform to requirements, the operator shall promptly take necessary remedial action. Records of the results of calibration and authentification shall be retained.
If the operator is working with a continuous emission measurement system, the operator shall comply with the orders of the EN 14181 ("Stationary source emissions - Quality assurance of automated measuring systems") and of the EN ISO 14956:2002 ("Air quality - Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with a required uncertainty") for the instruments and the operator.
Alternatively, independent and accredited test laboratories may be entrusted with the measurements, evaluation of data, monitoring and reporting. In this case the test laboratories shall in addition be accredited against the EN ISO 17025:2000 ("General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories").
The operator shall perform data management quality assurance and control processes on its data to prevent omissions, misrepresentations and errors. Such processes shall be designed by the operator based on the complexity of the data set. The data management quality assurance and control processes shall be recorded and made available to the verifier.
Simple and effective data quality assurance and quality control can be performed at the operational level by comparisons of monitored values using vertical and horizontal approaches.
- changes concerning the emitting processes (e.g. energy efficiency improvements).
- comparison of measured and calculated emissions.
The operator shall submit the emissions report, a copy of its permit for each of its installations, plus any other relevant information to the verifier. The verifier shall assess whether the monitoring methodology applied by the operator complies with the installation's monitoring methodology as approved by the competent authority, the principles for monitoring and reporting presented in section 3, and the guidelines laid down in this and subsequent Annexes. On the basis of this assessment the verifier shall conclude as to whether the data within the emissions report contains omissions, misrepresentations or errors that lead to material misstatement of the reported information.
- request the operator to provide any missing data or complete missing sections of audit trails, explain variations in the emissions data, or revise calculations, before reaching a final verification conclusion.
- there is clear and objective evidence obtained through the gathering of data to support the determination of misstatements.
The verifier shall assess the materiality both of any individual misstatement and of the aggregate of uncorrected misstatements, taking into account any omission, misrepresentation or error that that could lead to misstatement, for example a data management system that produces non-transparent, biased or inconsistent figures. The level of assurance shall be commensurate with the materiality threshold determined for that installation.
At the end of the verification process, the verifier shall make a judgment with respect to whether the emissions report contains any material misstatement. If the verifier concludes that the emissions report does not contain any material misstatement, the operator can submit the emissions report to the competent authority in accordance with Article 14 (3) of the Directive. If the verifier concludes that the emissions report contains a material misstatement, the operator's report has not been verified as satisfactory. In accordance with Article 15 of the Directive, Member States shall ensure that an operator whose report has not been verified as satisfactory by 31 March each year for emissions during the preceding year cannot make further transfers of allowances until a report from that operator has been verified as satisfactory. Member States shall lay down applicable penalties in accordance with Article 16 of the Directive.
The total emissions figure for an installation in an emissions report that has been verified as satisfactory shall be used by the competent authority to check whether a sufficient number of allowances have been surrendered by the operator in respect of that same installation.
Member States shall ensure that divergences of opinion between operators, verifiers and competent authorities do not affect proper reporting and are settled in accordance with the Directive, these guidelines, the detailed requirements established by the Member States pursuant to Annex V to the Directive and relevant national procedures.
This section contains reference emission factors for the tier 1 level that permit the use of non-activity-specific emission factors for the combustion of fuel. If a fuel does not belong to an existing fuel category the operator shall use his expert judgement to assign the fuel used to a related fuel category, subject to the approval of the competent authority.
This exemplary but not exhaustive list contains a number of materials, which are considered biomass for the application of these guidelines and shall be weighted with an emission factor of 0 [t CO2/TJ or t or m3]. Peat and fossil fractions of the materials listed below shall not be considered biomass.
- crops, e.g. maize and triticale.
- the biomass fraction of processed municipal and industrial wastes.
- bio-oil (a pyrolysis oil fuel) and biogas.
The specific procedure to determine the activity-specific emission factor including the sampling procedure for a specific fuel type shall be agreed with the competent authority before the start of the respective reporting period in which it will be applied.
The procedures applied to sample the fuel and to determine its net calorific value, carbon content and emission factor shall be based on relevant CEN standards (such as on the sample frequency, sampling procedures, determination of gross and net calorific value, and carbon contents for the different fuel types) as soon as they are available. If CEN standards are not available, ISO standards or national standards shall apply. Where no applicable standards exist, procedures can be carried out where possible in accordance with draft standards or industry best practice guidelines.
- EN ISO 4259:1996 "Petroleum products - Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test".
- ISO 9951-1993/94: Measurement of gas flow in closed conduits - Turbine meters.
- DIN 51721:2001 "Testing of solid fuels - Determination of carbon and hydrogen content" (also applicable for liquid fuels).
The laboratory used to determine the emission factor, carbon content and net calorific value shall be accredited according to EN ISO 17025 ("General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories").
It is important to note that to achieve appropriate accuracy of the activity-specific emission factor (in addition to the precision of the analytical procedure for the determination of the carbon content and the net calorific value) the sampling frequency, the sampling procedure and the sample preparation are critical. They depend greatly on the state and homogeneity of the fuel/material. The required number of samples will be larger for very heterogeneous materials such as municipal solid waste and be much smaller for most commercial gaseous or liquid fuels.
The determination of the carbon content, net calorific values and emission factors for batches of fuel shall follow generally accepted practice for representative sampling. The operator shall provide evidence that the derived carbon content, calorific values and emission factors are representative and free of bias.
The respective emission factor shall be used only for the batch of fuel for which it was intended to be representative.
The full documentation of the procedures used in the respective laboratory for the determination of the emission factor and the full set of results shall be retained and made available to the verifier of the emissions report.
The specific procedure to determine the activity-specific oxidation factor including the sampling procedure for a specific fuel type and installation shall be agreed with the competent authority before the start of the respective reporting period in which it will be applied.
The procedures applied to determine a representative activity-specific oxidation factor (e.g. via the carbon content of soot, ashes, effluents and other wastes or by-products) for a specific activity shall be based on relevant CEN standards as soon as they are available. If CEN standards are not available, ISO standards or national standards shall apply. Where no applicable standards exist, procedures can be carried out where possible in accordance with draft standards or industry best practice guidelines.
The laboratory used to determine the oxidation factor or the underlying data shall be accredited according to EN ISO 17025 ("General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories").
The determination of activity-specific oxidation factors from batches of material shall follow generally accepted practice for representative sampling. The operator shall provide evidence that the derived oxidation factors are representative and free of bias.
The full documentation of the procedures used by the organisation for the determination of the oxidation factors and the full set of results shall be retained and made available to the verifier of the emissions report.
The specific procedure to determine the activity-specific emission factor including the sampling procedure for a specific material shall be agreed with the competent authority before the start of the respective reporting period in which it will be applied.
The procedures applied to sample and determine the composition of the relevant material or derive a process emission factor shall be based on relevant CEN standards as soon as they are available. If CEN standards are not available ISO standards or national standards shall apply. Where no applicable standards exist, procedures can be carried out where possible in accordance with draft standards or industry best | 5,555 |
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This page discusses
left-right reversal
video mixing
the presenter's monitor
control desk
video mixer (switcher)
powerpoint mix-in
Visitors often ask how I learned to write backwards. It's fun to explain that the board is photographed in reflection, using a mirror. My studio uses a mirror, but there are actually 4 good solutions:
1. Mirror: The instructor and the glass board are videotaped in reflection (via a mirror) to correct the left-right reversal which results from viewing from the "wrong side" of the glass. Instead of a tripod, I used an adjustable ball head to mount my camera on a shelf, together with a 4x6 inch front-surface mirror, 6mm thick. It's about 20 feet from these to the Lightboard, but closer would be OK. If you use a mirror, make sure it is a front-surface mirror, and that the way you mount it to doesn't cause it to bend, nor allow it to vibrate. If it's not quite flat, your images won't be in sharp focus.
2. Scan-reverse cameras: Some cameras have a scan-reverse option built in, so that they electronically produce a mirrored video stream. Cameras that I know of that have this feature are the Canon Vixia HF10, Canon XA10, and Canon XF105, and the higher models of each of these lines. I haven't found any 1080p cameras with scan-reverse.
3. Scan-reverse appliance: The Decimator MD-HX Converter has a setting to left-right reverse a video stream on the fly, so you can use any DSLR or video camera. (Thanks, Justin Melick, for finding this.) One disadvantage of electronic mirroring is that it adds yet another signal delay. Latency hurts when you are drawing on superimposed graphics, making it harder to guide your hand. The camera, the switcher, and the monitor each take their toll. Decimator adds 33mS.
4. Reverse in video editor software: Most video editors give you the option to left-right reverse the whole video file in post-production. This is a good option if you aren't using a presenter's monitor (which needs to show a live reversed image).
You won't get good results if your camera is hunting for focus, changing exposure levels, and raising/lowering audio. The black backdrop makes focus and exposure hunting worse than usual.
I used the semi-pro Canon XF-105 videocamera, which makes it easy to set aperture, gain, focus, zoom, and audio levels manually, and keep them. Unlike consumer cameras, it won't forget its settings when it's powered down. The XF-105 shoots interlaced video, 1080i30.
Recently I changed over to 1080p60 (or 1080p59.94 to be more precise) to get better resolution and to avoid motion artifacts that arise from interlaced video frames. After trying several consumer videocameras and finding them unsatisfactory in image quality or in allowing full manual control, I turned instead to mirrorless digital cameras that are intended primarily for still photography. These can be manually controlled in every way, and have excellent image quality.
I used a Sony Alpha A6000 mirrorless digital camera, with a 55-21<|fim_middle|> into the left and right channel XLR microphone input of the Canon XF105 camera. When I have two presenters, I use two wireless microphone transmitters and two receivers. The Switcher includes an audio mixer. Earlier I used an Audio Technica wireless microphone, but I found that it occasionally would create a loud click or pop. The Sennheiser does not.
When I changed to the Sony Alpha A6000 mirrorless camera instead of a videocamera, I found that the A6000 does not have an audio input jack! (Later models in this line do have an audio input jack.) So I took the audio from the wireless mic receiver directly into the BlackMagic Design switcher. Now the audio was arriving promptly, but the video was being delayed in the camera, so the audio and video were slightly out of sync. I used a Behringer Shark FBQ100 to delay the audio. The right amount of delay turned out to be 33mSec.
If you don't want to mix in any other video sources (such as powerpoint) while recording, you can skip this. Below, I describe a video mixer that uses dedicated video hardware. John Mocko at UFL has instead used a software solution, making use of vMix software on a general purpose computer instead of dedicated video hardware.
The signal from the video camera is combined with other video sources by a Video Switcher. Switchers are intended for use in live broadcasts. They allow a certain amount of editing and combining of signals, on the fly. This is in contrast to Video Editors (e.g. iMovie) that you use between recording and later presentation. The Switcher selects sources, superimposes one image on another, does "wipe" transitions, green-screen effects (chroma-keying), etc. Using the Switcher, little or no post-production editing is needed. Even live streaming is possible.
My first switcher was a Blackmagic Design ATEM Television Studio Production Switcher which supports up to 1080i30. In 2017 Blackmagic released the ATEM Television Studio Production Switcher HD at about the same $1K price point. The new HD model supports 1080p60. However unlike the earlier model, the HD model does not internally do H.264 encoding and provide USB to a computer, for capture to file. So I also had to add a $500 Blackmagic Design H.264 Pro Recorder, to recover that essential functionality.
One of the things the Switcher can do is superimpose graphics from a computer onto the live image from the videocamera. The graphics can be from a powerpoint presentation, and can even include other videos. The Switcher sums the signals from the videocamera and the powerpoint presentation. My powerpoint slides are therefore done in 16x9 aspect ratio, and with a black background, so that the background doesn't show up in the summed video stream (see example slide below). I've provided a sample powerpoint deck.
The new HD model switcher has a new feature that we found very useful (in addition to its 1080p60 capability of course). It has two output streams, while the older non-HD model only has one. We use one of the output streams to mix the lightboard video with powerpoint graphics, and then send this to the H.264 Pro Recorder and via USB to a computer for capture. On the other channel we can mix not only the lightboard video and powerpoint graphics, but also a "teleprompter" script from yet another computer source. This output goes to the presenter's monitor, discussed next.
Presenter's monitor
You can skip this if you don't need to see yourself, or any superimposed powerpoint graphics, while recording.
I can't see the powerpoint graphics on the glass itself, because it's not projected there. Instead it's added-in digitally by the Switcher. If I want to interact with the graphics, or even draw on the graphics, it's necessary to have a monitor that I can see while at the Lightboard, so that I know where my marker tip is relative to the graphics.
The monitor (a 50-Inch 1080p HDTV) is near the videocamera, so that I can see it while looking in the proper direction, toward the camera. This causes a problem: the reflection of the monitor, in the glass panel, is very visible to the videocamera, as you see below.
To block this reflection I take advantage of the fact that all the light from an LCD TV is polarized; polarization is inherent to LCD technology. I use a CPL polarizer on the videocamera to reject that polarized reflection. The polarizer can be adjusted to a very good extinction of the reflection.
Video feeds from all three cameras, as well as HDMI output of one or more laptop computers (e.g. for powerpoint), are delivered to the six available inputs of the Switcher. A 22" LCD monitor is attached to the Switcher for the use of its operator, to display all the video feeds and the program video output. The Switcher has a "multiview" output that displays all these signals at once on a single monitor.
The Switcher needs a computer to display its array of switches and controls, and also to record the captured, compressed video stream to disk. I initially used a PC but found that the software runs more stably on a Mac mini. It's helpful to have plenty of flash disk space in the computer that ATEM's "capture" writes to. Our mac mini has 256GB but I wish it had more.
The control software for the Switcher, running on the Mac mini, communicates with the Switcher over a TCP/IP link. I established a LAN for just these two devices. I used a Netgear WNDR4000 N750 Dual Band Gigabit Wireless Router to establish the LAN. Any router can establish a LAN. I turned off the wireless feature to avoid RF interference. The router also provides an uplink to the university network.
Below is a wiring diagram of the studio electronics (click to enlarge; or here's a pdf version.
Switcher (video mixer)
If you don't need to mix video sources (lightboard + powerpoint, for example) you may not need a Video Switcher at all.
This page is an intro to the Video Switcher (Blackmagic Design ATEM Television Studio Production Switcher). The Switcher control panel is an onscreen adaptation of hardware switchers that video production people are familiar with. User manuals tend to assume that familiarity, and don't explain the basics much.
Below are instructions for mixing the lightboard video with powerpoint graphics, displaying the sum on the presenter's monitor, and recording to disk. It also explains a split-screen use, in which the lightboard occupies part of the image and a macro camera (or other live source) occupies the other.
We normally just add the brightness of the powerpoint graphics to that of the lightboard camera, which is why both are on black backgrounds to start with. If you want to get fancier, there are ways to have the Switcher combine these images so that the powerpoint graphics appear to be behind the presenter, or in front of the presenter. Details are at ADVANCED SWITCHER MODES.
Also, we recently started using a newer switcher (the HD model) which allows us to use the presenter's monitor not only to show the lightboard image and the powerpoint graphics, but also a teleprompter script, all superimposed. Details are at TELEPROMPTER MIX.
Video mixing panel
Below is the "switcher" panel of the Blackmagic Design ATEM software, which controls video mixing.
The switcher recognizes up to six video inputs (Cam1 through Cam6), plus there is an all-black pseudo-input (Blk).
For us, Cam6 is the videocamera that is permanently aimed at the lightboard. Cam2 is a portable videocamera that we sometimes use for macro shots (e.g. photographing someone's hands as they build circuits), or for "talking head" closeups.
A computer running powerpoint provides graphics, and Cam1 is the video from this computer. We want to be able to superimpose Cam1 on any other video source, especially the lightboard, and this is done with the Upstream Keyer. The right side of the panel above shows how the Upstream Keyer is configured: its Fill Source and Key Source are both set to Cam1, and the button for Pre Multiplied Key is selected. This can be set up once and for all. Now, when you want to superimpose the graphics, turn the keyer on/off with the KEY1 button.
The Preview/Program Transition Slider determines whether the video being recorded comes from the PROGRAM SOURCE bank of buttons, or from the PREVIEW SOURCE bank of buttons. Typically we select Cam6 (the lightboard camera) on PROGRAM SOURCE, and Cam2 (the macro or portrait camera) on PREVIEW SOURCE.
Very usefully, the Preview/Program Transition slider can be slid half way. If the transition type is WIPE (shown below), this allows us to split the screen, half lightboard and half macro, for instance. There is far far more you can do with the ATEM switcher, for instance see the subpage on ADVANCED SWITCHER MODES. The above is usually all we use.
Audio mixing panel
The ATEM switcher control software also has an audio mixer panel:
Our wireless mic signals go into the audio inputs of the main videocamera (Cam6), and so its channel is the is the only one that I enable for audio on the audio mixer panel. Audio channels from all other cameras and laptops are disabled, so that we don't pick up unwanted sound.
I found that the ATEM switcher audio mixer's volume sliders don't work correctly, so I set them all at full volume (0 db), and I use other volume controls to adjust the audio level. Specifically, I first set the wireless mic receiver's output volume control knob to about 50%. Then I set the videocamera's manual audio level to get a reasonable level on the ATEM audio tab's VU meters. Thereafter, to fine tune for different presenters, I only need to adjust the wireless mic receiver's output volume control knob, which is the one most easily at hand.
The VU meters on the ATEM's audio mixer tab should bounce into the red rarely, but get close often. But if I need to adjust this, I don't use the audio mixer's sliders, which are still defective (as of 2016).
Video "capture to file" tab
The ATEM switcher has a capture feature:
The built-in capture now works well (as of ~2015). It is important to set the recording format to "native", not "native progressive"
The video format is H.264 inside an "mp4" filetype. If your computer doesn't have enough RAM, or isn't fast enough, it won't be able to keep up with the stream for long. If you want to check this file format, you can download a 3-second sample at the bottom of this page (videosample.mp4)
Powerpoint graphics
To serve as an input to the switcher, your laptop HDMI output must be capable of driving a 1920x1080 monitor. If the laptop cannot produce the protocol (e.g. 1080i30) that the Switcher is using, the Switcher will show it as black; there's no conversion, error message. You can get this VGA to 1080p scaler.
Powerpoint slides should be on a black background, and the whole deck should be formatted to an aspect ratio of 16x9 before you start putting content on the slides (otherwise the content will get stretched when you reformat). Here is a template powerpoint deck you can start with. (You can also download it at the bottom of this page.)
For non-powerpoint sources where you don't get to choose the color scheme, such as web pages, it can be useful to Invert your laptop's display, changing white backgrounds to black, dark text to light, etc. On a mac, the Invert control is at System Preferences / Accessibility.
I've been happy using a very simple editor, MPEG Streamclip, that works natively in H.264 format rather than "transcoding" the video up and back to other formats. Transcoding is slow, reduces video quality, inflates file size, and often messes up audio/video sync.
MPEG Streamclip allows you to trim clips or concatenate clips, and that's about all. After trimming, use "save as", not "export", to avoid transcoding.
You can directly upload these .mp4 files to youtube, vimeo, etc. The H.264 encoding is what they like best. | 0mm SEL-55210 zoom lens and a 49mm diameter CPL polarizer. Accessories were an Sony AC power adapter and a micro-HDMI cable. Even when it is not recording to its SD card, the camera has to be set on AVCHD recording mode (not MP4) or else it won't output clean HDMI at a true 60fps (frames per second). I can't recommend the Sony cameras because they overheat and shut down; I had to add a fan to prevent this. John Mocko (U Florida) recommends the Panasonic GH4, GH5, GX8, and pointed out a camera comparison chart.
HDMI gets noisy on a long cable run, so it's important to switch signals over to SDI near the camera. Good choices for this are Decimator MD-HX Converter (if you are doing electronic mirroring) or Blackmagic Design 3864 HDMI to SDI converter.
It's impossible to overstate the importance of good audio. The HVAC in my studio was loud and I had it revised. I put sound absorbing eggcrate foam on the wall behind the black cloth that the presenter stands in front of. This eliminated a hollow echo effect between the back wall and the glass board.
Sound is captured by a Sennheiser wireless microphone system with a lapel microphone on the presenter's collar. Sound is fed | 284 |
Eaton Cutler Hammer E2J3225WU18 Molded Case Circuit Breaker 225 Amp 60 –<|fim_middle|> paid for. It may take longer if any modifications, additions, or services are added to item. Allow an additional 10 days for reconditioned items. If you need your item expedited please advise us and we can quote the extra fees. Local pick up is also available for any item purchased. All freight items are quoted as business to business delivery unless it is specified the delivery address is a residence, which will cost extra. A dock or forklift is required for all freight deliveries to a business. If you would like to use your own package or freight account please advise us when you make your purchase and shipping costs will be removed from the invoice. Also provide the account number, service needed, and carrier information. | Atlas Electric Inc.
Purchase price does not include shipping costs. You will be contacted and billed for shipping separately from the purchase amount. If you would like a shipping quote before placing an order, please call us at 800-268-5454. We will gladly create a shipping quote for your specific needs.
We will ship any item 70 Lbs. or less within 1 business day after payment is received, and any freight item within 2 business days once item is | 103 |
Key Project Management Strategies for ERP implementations | ERP the Right Way!
A clearly defined scope allows the project team to focus on the activities that have a direct impact on the project objective(s) while filtering out "out of scope" work.
How can you lead a project to generate value for a business if you do not understand the business? You may be able to perform project control/admin but you will not be able to lead a project team in their efforts. Analyzing whether your project is generating business value is difficult if you do not understand what results drive real value.
Would you rather have one person (PM) focused on project scope or the entire project team (including your customer) guarding project scope? It's been my experience that undetected scope creep starts outside of project meetings – ex. water cooler discussions, off topic discussions. Addressing project scope changes in a change control process is reactive – you already wasted time/effort writing up the potential change. I educate the entire project team on the project management basics of scope, schedule, and resources. I also make the scope easy to understand so that every individual on the project team understands scope boundaries. Individual team members are your first line of defense – the project manager cannot be<|fim_middle|> execution. A project plan is a simplified model of reality based upon many factors whose definition will further elaborate during the project. Change will occur – be flexible and adaptable to reach the desired goals. A process (methodology) supports achieving the desired results but the methodology is not more important than achieving the desired business results.
Effective project management must be more than coordination and control – it must include enablement and leadership. Always keep the end goal in sight and on the minds of your project team.
Pingback: ERP 101: Organizational Fit Gap | ERP the Right Way! | everywhere at once.
Governance by itself does guarantee business value – a project manager has to do more than just control.
Focus on the right results: On-time, On-Budget are good project metrics but it does not guarantee that business value is generated. Decisions drive projects forward – not action items. As your project evolves your meetings should start generating more decisions and less action items. Running software is a good beginning but is not the end of generating business value.
Like the old adage says "Trust but verify!" The only thing I would add to this is to build in an iterative approach so that verification is frequent versus a one-time event. Waiting to develop trust during the Testing phase (i.e. validation) is not a smart risk to take.
Do not confuse a plan with | 158 |
We will continue to produce this old kit version on special order only but please read this note!
The F-15 EAGLE kit has become one of the most popular models for newcomers to jets. Many novice jet pilots have entered the Turbine scene with this simple scale model. As a trainer, the model requires only a standard 5 channel, 5 servo radio with a mixing function (taileron).
Of course this jet can be upgraded with a variety of scale options to satisfy the most demanding scale modeler.
F-15 with scale options: 1/9 scale pilot, airbrake, gear doors etc.
Wings and stabs are easily removable for transport: no need to disconnect any air lines or servo extension wires. The excellent slow speed handling allows the model to be flown from smaller (grass) fields.
About to touch down with airbrake deployed in a perfect landing attitude!
We have two dedicated Turbine versions. Kit PA130 is suitable for Turbines from 50 up to 100 N (12 to 22 lbs) of thrust and kit PA120 is suitable for Turbines from 100 up to 160 N (22 to 37 lbs) of thrust. Both kits are substantially reinforced with carbon in strategic areas, while the PA120 kit is even further reinforced to cope with the higher thrust.
A rudder installation kit (PA192) is available separately (required in the US by AMA).
Note that we were the very first to manufacture a success<|fim_middle|>ed his F-15 in front of the full size Thunderbirds!
Frank Laguda from Australia can be proud of his beautiful F-15! | full R/C jet kit for the F-15. This model is in production since 1987 with many improvements incorporated over the years. So if you want the very best flying R/C F-15 jet model anywhere in the world, this one is for you.
Note: the moulds for this F-15 model are aging resulting in some cracks in the corners which show up in the finished epoxy/fibreglass components. The structural integrity is not affected, only cosmetics. We do not intend to invest in new moulds, so please accept that the cosmetics of the fibreglass components in this kit is not as good as in our other kits.
Lance Campbell, USA, demo | 145 |
The National Gallery of Australia and oOh!media today announced a major partnership to display works by women artists in a nationwide outdoor art event next year.
For six weeks from 24 February images of works of art from more than 40 Australian women artists from the national collection will go on display across<|fim_middle|> many media and arts organisations.
National Gallery of Australia Assistant Director Alison Wright said oOh!'s network gave the campaign a powerful platform to amplify the artworks beyond the walls of the gallery to people all around Australia, from major cities through to regional areas.
"The partnership means we can increase the access and visibility of women artists who have shaped our culture," she said. "It's time we all made an effort to recognise the creative achievements of
Australian women."
oOh!'s Chief Content & Creative Officer, Neil Ackland said the partnership would give the Know My Name initiative the platform it deserved, bringing the works of some of Australia's best female artists into the lives of everyday Australians.
"oOh! is pleased to be able to use our network to be a part of the equality conversation through this important initiative," Mr Ackland said.
"The initiative is a great example of how we can transform public spaces for the better by leveraging our network to captivate and educate Australians all around the country with these extraordinary works of art," he said.
"Through our multi‐platforms, content and creative, we are challenging and reframing the perceptions around what Out of Home can do, bringing to life the innovation and capabilities we can deliver at significant scale."
The National Gallery of Australia's Know My Name campaign will also include a significant exhibition of Australian women artists across its gallery spaces in Canberra opening in May next year.
Download the full media release here.
oOh! launches new awards to highlight Out of Home heroes
oOh!media has this week launched a new awards program to recognise individuals in the industry who make significant community contributions, providing them with media to promote their charity of choice across oOh!'s network. Read more | more than 1300 digital signs and billboards as part of the Know My Name project.
Margaret Worth Samsara 11 1968, screenprint, printed in colour inks, from seven stencils, National Gallery of Australia, Canberra, Purchased 1994
Know My Name is a National Gallery of Australia initiative to increase the representation and participation of Australian artists who identify as women through a program of vibrant and
intergenerational events and exhibitions, working in partnership with | 107 |
Northern Territory MomeNTum 2021
March 24, 2021 @ 5:00 pm - 7:00 pm ACST
Fast Tracking Northern Territory MOMENTUM 2021 For Future Business Growth
Territory business owners are invited to<|fim_middle|>« NT Energy Innovation Network and Innovation Games Launch
NT National Innovation Games – Renewable Energy » | be inspired by two of Australia's Engineering Rock Stars who have made waves across a range of industries including Pro surfing, Defence, vehicle manufacturing and Formula One.
Dr Michael Myers is a mechanical engineer who, over 30+ years, has steered a multitude of cutting-edge projects; from developing the use of 3D printing surfboard fins for Kelly Slater; to using gaming technology to help Toyota reduce work-related injuries; to the digital modelling of the ANZAC Frigate refits.
Professor Richard Hopkins' remarkable career started with work experience at Jack Brabham's Formula One racing team headquarters in the UK. He later became an integral member of the McLaren team working alongside Ayrton Senna, Kimmi Raikkonen and Lewis Hamilton to name a few, before joining the Red Bull Racing Team as Director of Operations and playing an instrumental role in 50 Grand Prix victories.
Michael and Richard have some fantastic stories and will be sharing them with Territory business whilst encouraging businesses to venture into the world of creativity and innovation by tapping into a new generation of skills and connecting with the workforce of the future.
"You'll be amazed at the potential of young people" said Dr Myers when referring to the work produced by students who have or are, studying in school-based STEM programs."
"We can learn so much from working with kids. We have everything we need right here".
While STEM is an acronym for Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths, what it's really about is developing key skills such as problem-solving, analysis, teamwork and communication. Dr Myers prefers to think of it as "the way to use knowledge".
STEM education is already happening in the Territory and gaining momentum;
"We're excited to be coming to the Territory to talk to business people".
ISACNT is proud to present 'MOMENTUM', an opportunity for NT businesses to find out how STEM curriculums prepare our kids for the high-tech future and, more importantly, how your business can engage with the workforce of the future.
MOMENTUM is a FREE event proudly supported by the Northern Territory Government in two Territory locations.
Darwin: Hilton Darwin 5 pm until 7 pm on Wednesday 24 March
Alice Springs: Hilton Doubletree 5 pm until 7 pm on Thursday 25 March
To reserve your place click the link to your preferred location.
MOMENTUM Darwin
MOMENTUM Alice Springs
5:00 pm - 7:00 pm ACST
Industry Skills Advisory Council NT, Northern Territory Government
ISACNT, northern territory, NTBusiness, STEM
Hilton Darwin
32 Mitchell Street
Darwin, Northern Territory 0800 Australia + Google Map
| 548 |
No matter how much we prepare, analyze and stress nature will just do what it does. Sometimes it is devastatingly beautiful and sometimes just devastating. I returned home to Naples yesterday, I needed to get back despite the lack of electricity and the uncertainty of what I would be coming home to. This is an opportunity to step back, and remember what matters in life. When<|fim_middle|> not, yoga is a tool in my life that helps me to navigate challenging circumstances by deepening the relationship to who I am at my core, becoming a more authentic/expansive version on myself regardless of the circumstances. Challenging times inspire transformation, yoga supports that process.
COME PRACTICE YOGA WITH ME!!
Beginning sunrise Sunday Sept. 16, near The Vanderbilt Beach entrance at 7:00AM. Beach towel and water recommended.
Come as you are. Make a commitment to yourself and show up, use it as an opportunity to connect to your practice, step out of your comfort zone and support our community during this time. I will be there each morning until further notice. Hope to see you! I will offer this for FREE, donations accepted. | we have each other it softens the blow of all of the challenging circumstances life brings. Whether I always knew it or | 24 |
It's that time of year again where we all have extremely rubbery arms, that don't need much persuasion to have a cheeky tipple during the festive season.
Here are some of my favourite beverages that can be found quite readily in Off Licences across the<|fim_middle|>ary and then aged in whiskey barrels, this cider is a little more complex than its little brother, as it takes on the oak flavours, and develops a little more alcohol at 6%, making it a perfect winter sipper. Keep an eye on their Facebook page to find out when it's available. – Perfect for the Cider Drinker.
Taking a Barley Wine and Belgian Brown ale and then aging in wine casks, Pinot Noir, and Chardonnay respectively. It is only fitting for SImon Lambert & Sons to put together something like this for the winter months. This will be an extremely limited batch but I personally can not wait to try them. The best aspects of both the grape and the grain. – The Wine drinker, dabbling with craft beer. | country. I suggested some great ones last year and they still apply Check them here.
A special gift pack just for Christmas. The team at Five Lamps have taken three of their beers and aged them in Glendalough Distillery Whiskey casks. A must for any beer and whiskey lover. It also comes with a special glass to go with the pack. – For the whiskey and beer aficionado in your life.
This festive gift pack contains two specials from one of Ireland's leading breweries. First up is Space Suit, a soured amber beer weighing in at 5.5%. Rounding out the pack is the heavier Diving Bell (9.1%) a salted caramel wee heavy. Two very unique beers to try for someone who wants to try something a little bit different this festive period. – For those that like something completely different.
Those that are fans of pale ale, would do far worse than stocking up on the cans of KPA. Cans in my opinion are the best medium for freshness and preserving those hop flavours and aroma. We are big fans of Sam's beers in the Irish Beer Snob house. – Perfect for the Pale Ale fans, and newcomers to craft beer.
Due to be launched in early December, select stockists will have this very limited edition batch of Boyne Valley Cider. Made with apples from Meath, Louth and Tipper | 281 |
J S Bach's Well-Tempered Clavier has been called the "Old Testament of<|fim_middle|> it is one of the most indispensable pieces for anyone wanting to learn to play the piano. It has served as an inspiration for many composers throughout the years. For example, it was used as the accompaniment for Gounod's setting of Ave Maria, and Chopin alluded to it in his first etude for piano, op. 10 no 1.
This is one of the rare pieces that you can listen to or practice thousands of times without tiring of it. In much the same way as the first verses of the Bible, it speaks a universal language, characterized by solemn simplicity and soothing repetitiveness.
Bach probably played this piece as a chorale first and then broke the chords into arpeggios. In order to understand the harmonic structure of this piece, play the chord progressions first. If possible, write down the label for each harmony. Play each group of sixteenth-notes (semiquavers) as a chord, making the piece sound like a chorale.
While you play this piece in chords, listen to the bass line. In fact, it is useful to play, hear and also sing the bass line alone!
Find the highest note in each measure for the right hand. This will become the "melody". After you found this "melody", play it many times alone (without the other notes). Then, add the bass line (left hand). See how the lines relate to each other. Are they in contrary motion? Parallel motion? Or does the bass stay the same and the top line moves? This will also help you memorize this prelude more easily.
The best musicians find different ways to interpret passages that sound repetitive. How can you interpret this prelude, making it sound alive and... Sign up for a Gold membership to read the practice tips. | piano music". And if that is the case, then this prelude must be Genesis, chapter 1: In the beginning, God created the heaven and the earth…. In any case, this is not only one of the most popular preludes by Bach, | 53 |
Writing news: Elmer Kelton, Sandhills Boy
Call me a foolish dreamer or a hopeless romantic, but I believe there is still a viable market for the western novel. The western and the western hero is in the ethos of America. I honestly believe if readers would pick up some of the western novels by the premier writers of the genre, they would find compelling books with great characterization. They'd also find that most of these characters and stories aren't as far removed from today as they believe.
Though Clint has given us the anti-western in Unforgiven, a grim tale of all that was bad about the West, I think there was much that<|fim_middle|> quit his day job. He did his faction at night and on weekends.
Kelton was, and is, a working writer, mining the theme of change over and over in his books. Get a copy of his memoir and let that lead you to his books.
Labels: Readers, Reviews, Writing Biz
Kernel 32, in the library, with a computer
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For readers & writers: Book tour
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Houston author gets 3.75 million
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Meager offering
Bill Crider is amazing
Happy Birthday, U. S. of A.
Cutting, slashing, bleeding aka revising | was heroic and admirable and, yes, good about the West, though it has become unpopular to believe.
What brought on all this analysis of a dying genre? I read a review of Elmer Kelton's memoir Sandhills Boy: The Winding Trail of a Texas Writer. I can't wait to get my hands on a copy.
Now, you may think it odd that I, a published romance novelist and a would-be mystery novelist (wait for it, my manuscript will be finished by fall!), see the allure of western novels. What you don't know is that I cut my teeth on Zane Grey novels. I read every one I could get my hands on the summer I was thirteen.
Kelton, the son of a real cowboy, has published 50 novels with many of them like The Time It Never Rained being highly regarded. Though he's not the household name McMurtry is, Kelton is one of the best writers from Texas, and this state has produced some good ones.
Sandhills Boy tells of his early knowledge that he wanted to be a writer. Encouraged by his mother and misunderstood by his father, he majored in journalism at UT but was drafted into the Army and sent to Europe. After the war ended, he was assigned to a POW camp in Austria where he met the young woman who became his wife.
Persistence paid off, red tape was eventually surmounted, and they married and settled in Austin.
Kelton began a full-time job as the farm and ranch reporter at the newspaper in San Angelo. Though he published his first fiction in the late forties, he never | 330 |
With the current threat from international terrorism in the UK remaining at severe - as it has done since August 2014 – and amidst Tuesday night's bomb attack on the Dortmund team bus ahead of their Champions League clash against Monaco, it is imperative that football clubs in the UK give serious consideration to security.
Here, the British Security Industry Association – the trade body representing the UK's private security industry – discusses the risks facing football stadiums today and what can be done to help mitigate these risks.
Football stadiums are an attractive target to terrorists as the presence of a large condensed crowd of people in a restricted area provides the potential to cause large-scale casualties.
This has been illustrated through attacks – and attempted attacks – at a number of sporting events since the 1970s, perhaps most notably in recent times at the Stade de France in November 2015. That particular attack killed three people and injured several others when two suicide attacks and a bombing occurred close to the stadium during the friendly match between France and Germany. Had these attacks occurred within the stadium, the death toll could have been significantly higher.
Football stadiums are challenged with protecting themselves from a variety of terrorism-related threats, including Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) – either vehicle-borne or person-borne – as was the case during the Stade de France attack, as well as a wide range of sophisticated threats. Alan Meyrick, Senior Risk Analyst for BSIA member G4S Risk Consulting explains: "As well as IEDs, there is also the potential for the release of powders and other substances – which may be harmless – but may trigger mass panic amongst the crowd. More likely in the UK however, are threats involving Single/Lone Active Shooters, Marauding Terrorist Firearms Attack (MTFA) and low-sophisticated attacks using household weapons and vehicles to cause casualties.
Measures should be bespoke to the stadium in question and should include a combination of physical, human and technical solutions. Ensuring the measures employed are fit for purpose, commensurate to the risks identified and works symbiotically, are key elements of successful risk mitigation.
Alan, who has worked with a Premier League football team on their security strategy, believes that it is essential that someone takes responsibility for counter-terror security and achieves buy-in from staff across the organisation. "Responsibility could fall<|fim_middle|> decision during the November 2015 attack in Paris," says Alan.
If an incident does occur, the club's Emergency Response Plan should kick in. Often closely linked to the Business Continuity Planning, the Emergency Response Plan should assess the impact of the incident, seek to mitigate further losses, salvage and protect remaining resources and prepare for recovery. Business Continuity Planning and having a robust security plan in place is essential to ensure an incident does not become an 'emergency' or 'disaster', and one that can be resolved with minimal disruption to operations. Ideally, all communication and decision-making will be made via a central control room where senior club management, including the Counter-Terrorism Officer and a police representative would be present to liaise and coordinate the response. | under the remit of a health and safety manager, security manager or estates manager, among others," he said.
"However, there is a risk that individuals that have multiple roles will not fully understand security and the associated risks from terrorism, therefore, it can be beneficial to have someone dedicated to stadium security. It is also essential for staff throughout the club, to buy into the importance of stadium security. This can be achieved through repeated training, refresher events, ensuring staff are clear as to what their role is in the event of an incident and repeated counter-terrorism drills that can be provided by external providers to make the training realistic.
Some of the larger, more high-profile clubs, may deem it necessary to employ a full-time counter terror officer (CTO), a role which Manchester United have recently filled. A CTO would likely carry out continued assessment of the club's risk profile with ongoing engagement with external agencies including the police and security services, and in particular the counter-terrorism security adviser, SO15 (Counter Terror Command) and NaCTSO. They would also likely head-up some form of fusion centre that collates open and closed-source information that will influence the club's risk posture and what additional steps need to be taken around security provision.
Of course, maintaining a balance between security and the matchday experience is an important consideration. But it's a difficult challenge to achieve. Manchester United has recently increased turnstile security in the wake of recent security breaches. However, this has led to an increase in queuing times, which can impact fans' enjoyment and can pose a health and safety risk.
Alan adds: "There is another critical risk to large crowds queueing to enter the stadium as they present an attractive alternative target for terrorism. As stadiums introduce better, more comprehensive physical security, the threat is further displaced with spectators potentially at risk at the local transport hub, thoroughfares leading to the stadium and nearby pubs, restaurants and bars. Lessons learnt from the London Olympic security operation highlighted a need for cross-agency collaboration to mitigate the risk across the board.
Preparing for a terrorist attack is essential and clubs should ensure that they have procedures and policies in place to manage a terror incident should one occur. "At the lower, tactical level, there should be a set of 'assignment instructions' or similar, which should include a clear set of 'incident management' places that offer specific guidance and instruction to security staff in the event of a terrorism-related incident. This can be as simple as a flow chart instructing staff on what to do – including cordoning off areas, who to contact, site evacuation etc.
"At a strategic level, a Business Continuity Plan should be in place – and be accessible. This will aid senior club management to decide what action to take in the event of an incident regarding match abandonment, total evacuation, phased evacuation, directed evacuation, invacuation and shelter in place – as was the | 586 |
Billy Corgan On How WWE Does Business, Matt Riddle, Nick Aldis' Exclusive NWA Contract - Wrestling Inc.
Billy Corgan's purchase of the NWA in May of 2017 came less than one year after being ousted as president of TNA. While his mission continues to re-establish the NWA brand, he is taking a different strategy rather than starting a full-fledged professional wrestling company with a complete roster.
Corgan is focused on restoring prestige to the NWA World Heavyweight Championship, although it's hard to ignore the strategy WWE uses.
"It's hard to get into the WWE mind about why they do what they do," Corgan said on Busted Open Radio. "I mean it's a what? Gazillion-billion dollar company? The decision making internally on a business level and a booking level, I mean they're obviously doing something right. People are throwing money at them. I mean they're not chasing money, people are throwing money. I wish people would throw money at [the NWA] like that, okay? So we could sit<|fim_middle|> contract which requires him to defend the 10 Pounds Of Gold when and where Corgan sees fit. This can create a rocky situation if Aldis feels his matches are booked without his consent.
Corgan explained that the NWA's rise to prominence is his first priority and in order to do that he must require his champion to be available when needed. While equating it to his own days under a record label's hold, Corgan said Aldis is a pleasure to work with even though he isn't shy of making his opinion known.
"We're in the business of building the NWA," Corgan said. "You sign an exclusive deal with anybody that's just the breaks. When I worked for a record company, I mean they had me doing stuff I didn't necessarily want to do. You know Nick's been an absolute pleasure to work with on the business side but that doesn't mean he doesn't voice his opinion.
"There have been some promotions we've worked with that he wasn't happy about it, he certainly let us know. At the end of the day we said, 'look you know, this is just the way it's gotta be to build this brand back up." | here and pick it all apart all day."
Corgan's eye is focused on talent who WWE is about to make overtures toward. Matt Riddle, a man who seems destined for WWE eventually, was used as an example of a different kind of talent who could present a new take on professional wrestling.
"I tend to look more at who's a talent, a guy that's worth watching is Matt Riddle," Corgan continued. "Very interesting guy obviously coming from the MMA side. You know no one's ever really completely made that transition in a way where it's like they brought that sort of MMA vibe or feeling to professional wrestling, I've always been curious.
"Where Kurt Angle brought the, let's call it classic NCAA wrestler Olympic guy, there were guys of course in the 70's, but nobody had ever had that level of success although the Iron Sheik would obviously [disagree]. He's still complaining, 'I was first.' God bless him."
Nick Aldis is a wrestler Corgan put a lot of stake in when he became NWA World Heavyweight Champion on December 9th, 2017. Aldis is set to defend his title on September 1st at All In against Cody Rhodes, a man hungry for the championship his father The American Dream held three times.
Busted Open Radio co-host Bully Ray asked Cogan what was next for Aldis win or lose at All In, and the answer was back to NWA business as usual. Corgan plans to continue strengthening the National Wrestling Alliance's brand using the strategy of a traveling champion with a small roster of talent.
"Nick Aldis is exclusive to the NWA, "Corgan said. "So he's an NWA talent and our approach from the beginning has been that we want to identify those talents that we want to sign to the NWA. We don't feel like we necessarily have to carry a full roster. We feel that the way we build our brand is to stay really open in the marketplace, work with whoever wants to work with us, but of course, we have to have talents that are our talents that can carry the NWA forward whether they are or aren't the champion."
Aldis is signed to an exclusive NWA | 460 |
Figuring they didn't want a list to follow, I offered that it's like any other goal you work toward. You proceed slowly at first, finding out the basics of what you need to know. Then you make steady progress, reading everything you can lay hands on that helps, getting experience and weathering small setbacks over days and months and years. Then there's the one big breakthrough that you can take advantage of once everything else is in place.
When I think about preparing for our circumnavigation, I think about lugging around books like Heavy Weather Sailing stuffed into my Army duffle bag to read on military deployments. I laugh at<|fim_middle|>30 miles away from the real position, determined using a GPS. I cringe at the memories of using a precious weekend at home with Glen to go sailing in a storm on the Chesapeake Bay as a training exercise. That wasn't any fun. In fact, the small details of getting ready were so important, you will see in my book that we missed some big things!
Countless small, slow steps moved us to the place to take advantage of the one big breakthrough that allowed the All at Once activities like sell everything, buy the right boat and sail off. Friends and family who read the email I sent announcing our departure only saw the dramatic final stages. But, in fact it was a ten-year process with roots that went deep.
Despite what some call the unseen hands that seemingly by magic make things happen, for us it was focused, relentless commitment to small actions that got Glen and I sailing away on our boat, It's Enough.
That said, I advise anyone who is on the fence about pursuing a quest to not get too caught up in the details. You will have your own timeline and if you keep moving toward your plan, your big breakthrough will come, and you will know when you are ready for your own big adventure. Slowly at first, then all at once.
NextNext post:What the #$*! Is a Sky Island? | standing with Glen on the deck of our first small sailboat learning how to use a sextant and coming 1 | 23 |
Fiat 500's Good Design on show at MoMA
Events, events_home
Following the acquisition of the Fiat 500 by The Museum of Modern Art in New York in 2017, the specimen will be on public display at the Museum for the first time from February 10 to May 27, 2019, as a highlight of 'The Value of Good Design', an exhibition drawn from Mo<|fim_middle|>
The Abarth '695 70° Anniversario' touring Europe in 1949 hours
Maserati MC20, the new super sports car of the Trident Brand
Gran Premio Terre di Canossa, the regularity rally is at its 10th edition
Pininfarina, the man, the designer
Alfa Romeo, 110 years of Italian car manufacturing
Dallara wins, once more, the 24 Hour of Daytona | MA's collection of industrial design.
Featuring objects from domestic furnishings and appliances to ceramics, glass, electronics, transport design, sporting goods, toys, and graphics, 'The Value of Good Design' explores the democratizing potential of design, beginning with MoMA's Good Design initiatives from the late 1930s through the 1950s, which championed well-designed, affordable contemporary products. The exhibition also raises questions about what Good Design might mean today, and whether values from mid-century can be translated and redefined for a 21st-century audience. Visitors are invited to judge for themselves by trying out a few 'good design' classics still in production, and exploring how, through its design stores, MoMA continues to incubate new products and ideas in an international marketplace.
Through its design and centrality to the story of mid-century Italy, the 500 embodies many of the principles that typified mid-century modernist design and connects it to themes explored in works throughout the Museum's collection. The model on display will be a 500 F series, the most popular 500 ever. The car, designed by Dante Giacosa and launched in 1957, is a clear expression of form following function, a logical and economical use of materials, and a belief that quality design should be accessible to all. A compact, rear-engined city car, the 500 was conceived as an economical car for the masses. Despite its small exterior dimensions, Giacosa's design maximized interior volume, resulting in a surprisingly spacious interior that could accommodate four passengers. The standard-feature foldable fabric roof imbued this economy car with a sense of luxury while simultaneously reducing the amount of steel – a precious commodity at the time – necessary to produce the car.
"While the Fiat 500 has unquestionably left its mark on automotive history, it is equally true that it has never been just a car," said Olivier François, Head of Fiat Brand and Chief Marketing Officer FCA. "In its 60 years of history, the 500 has transcended its material manifestation to enter the collective imagination and become an icon, which has now the honour of being certified by being acquired by MoMA in a tribute to its artistic and cultural value."
Tags: cars, fiat 500, italian cars, moma
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Fiat and Lego join forces to celebrate the Fiat 500 | 561 |
(L. remedies exhibited anti-edematous and peripheral antinociceptive results. For assessment, substances
(L. remedies exhibited anti-edematous and peripheral antinociceptive results. For assessment, substances discovered in FAc had been put through molecular docking<|fim_middle|> TFC was computed predicated on the calibration curve plotted with quercetin regular solutions (1.0C30.0 g/mL) and it is portrayed as quercetin similar (mg/mL). High-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet-visible detector (HPLC UV/Vis) EHBv and FAc had been examined with an HPLC gadget (Thermo Finnigan Surveyor) combined for an ultraviolet-visible detector and a reversed stage ACE C-18 (250 X 4.6 mm, 5 m) column was used. The the different parts of FAc and EHBv had been separated at area heat range through gradient elution at a 1 mL/min.
← Cytochrome P450 17A1 (P450c17) catalyzes the biosynthesis of androgens in human → Fibronectin receptor integrin-mediated cell adhesion causes intracellular signaling occasions like the | with COX-2, GluN1a and GluN2B. Ursolic acidity (UA) was the substance with greatest affinity variables (binding energy and inhibition continuous) for COX-2, GluN1a, GluN2B, and was chosen for further evaluation with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In MD simulations, UA 1158838-45-9 manufacture exhibited extremely frequent connections with residues Arg120 and Glu524 in the COX-2 energetic site and NMDA, whereby it could prevent COX-2 and NMDA receptor activation. Treatment with UA 10 mg/Kg demonstrated peripheral and central antinociceptive impact. The antinociceptive aftereffect of might be mostly related to peripheral activities, including the involvement of anti-inflammatory elements. Ursolic acidity is the primary energetic component and appears to be a appealing way to obtain COX-2 inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists. (L.) G. Mey., known in Brazil simply because poaia, cable?o-de-frade and vassourinha (Jnior et al., 2012) is normally traditionally employed for several therapeutic purposes like the treatment of discomfort and inflammatory circumstances (Vieira et al., 1999; Souza et al., 2013). It shows to obtain antibacterial (Neto et al., 2002; Ogunwande et al., 2010; Balde et al., 2015), hepatoprotective 1158838-45-9 manufacture (Murtala et al., 2015), antioxidant (Abdullahi-Gero et al., 2014a), anti-inflammatory and 1158838-45-9 manufacture analgesic (Abdullahi-Gero et al., 2014b) activity. New technology have been put on the assessment from the pharmacological properties of ingredients and active concepts of therapeutic plants, such as for example molecular docking and molecular powerful, which really is a computer-based strategy used to provide a prediction from the ligand-receptor complicated framework (Meng et al., 2011). The mix of computational technique with natural assay became a significant strategy toward selecting plant-based medications (Sharma and Sarkar, 2012). Taking into consideration the elements that donate to Rabbit polyclonal to LeptinR the systems of discomfort and the usage of therapeutic plant life as multi-targets healing alternatives, the purpose of the present research was to measure the antinociceptive activity of the crude hydroalcoholic remove and ethyl acetate small percentage of (L.) G. Mey, Rubiaceae had been gathered at S?o Jos de Ribamar, Maranh?o condition, (23313.3 S 441122.8 W), Brazil, in July 2014. A voucher specimen was transferred at Maranh?o Herbarium (MAR), of Federal government College or university of Maranh?o (UFMA), beneath the sign up number 5151. Acquiring the hydroalcoholic draw out as well as the ethyl acetate small fraction Aerial elements of had been dried out at 38C within an range with circulating atmosphere and powdered having a blade mill to secure a reasonably coarse natural powder (particle sizes under 710 m and over 250 m). The natural powder of aerial parts was macerated with 70% ethanol for 5 times (this task was repeated three times) finding a remedy. The perfect solution is was filtered and focused to a little quantity at 40C inside a rotary evaporator under vacuum, to get the hydroalcoholic extract of (EHBv). EHBv was dissolved in methanol:drinking water (70:30,v/v) for 60 min under mechanised agitation, and successively put through liquid-liquid removal with hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. The solutions had been filtered and focused at 40C inside a rotary evaporator under vacuum, to ethyl acetate small fraction (FAc). Phenolic and flavonoid content material evaluation Total phenolic content material (TPC) was established using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and 20% sodium carbonate. The response was kept at night for 2 h at space temp; absorbance was read having a spectrophotometer at 760 nm (Dutra et al., 2014). The PCC was determined predicated on the calibration curve plotted with gallic acidity regular solutions (1.0C30.0 g/mL) and it is portrayed as gallic acidity similar (mg/mL). Total flavonoid articles (TFC) was driven utilizing a 5% methanol alternative of lightweight aluminum chloride (AlCl3). The response was kept at night for 30 min at area heat range; absorbance was read using a spectrophotometer at 425 nm (Dutra et al., 2008). The | 1,097 |
Back in the day…let's say 1996, with two of his mom's old turntables and no microphone, Scotty James caught the DJ bug. He first got his start in Austin, TX. It was there that he fine tuned his talents and landed a Friday night radio show called "The 13th Hour" on the local college radio station, 91.7fm KVRX. "The 13th Hour" radio show featured both local and national guest DJ's and brought Austin fresh electronic music weekly for over 2 years.
After finishing his schooling in Texas, Scotty decided to move out to Los Angeles to follow his passion for music. Within the first two years of living in Los Angeles, he managed to land two club residencies and DJ'ed regularly for rave promoters 26C and Freedom Force Five.
Through mutual friends<|fim_middle|> over to play on his decks. After that, it was time to buy some Technics 1200's and a cheap mixer. In 2016 Bob has opened at Dougal's "Sweet N Low" and has played at Cure and the Cause. This December, the legendary party F.A.M.I.L.Y returns and Bob will be part of the stellar lineup.
Grizzwald has been involved with music since the age of 9 starting on the clarinet then making his way to drumline. Growing up listening to hip hop and alternative music, he started to listen to more industrial and dance music by the age of 16. Some of his friends were already djing hip hop and house music since they all grew up in the b-boy era of 80's and early 90's. His first party was circa 93 and from there on out he was addicted. After playing for about 18yrs, in 2011, he decided to step out of the bedroom dj scene and started playing events and everything has been going great. He is now part of Othersound.
Internationally known DJ, Joel De Marzo, is the creative leader at True House LA and has been playing and producing music for over 20 years. His diverse taste in music is always front and center in all of his live performances. His influences range from reggae, hip-hop, disco, funk, soul, and Motown with a little rock and roll for some fun!! Resident at Global House Movement Radio, Myhouseyourhouse.net and True House LA there is always something for everyone!
Raised on the dance floors of Los Angeles, Dougal has been an integral part of LA's Underground society for over 2 decades and counting, throwing the popular F.A.M.I.L.Y. parties and DJing regularly throughout Southern California. | within the scene, Scotty met Funguy and jlife. After hanging out at a few parties, they soon realized their shared passion for electronic music. Sick of the typical Hollywood club scene, it was only a matter of time before they organized their resources and started throwing parties. The Hush Crew was born.
In the spring of 2008, Scotty was invited to be the tour DJ on the second half of the Keith Urban & Carrie Underwood North American tour. Before and in between Keith & Carrie's performances, he warmed crowds over with an eclectic mix of classic, feel good tunes.
Over 17 years now, Scotty has graced the decks and entertained crowds from coast to coast. Whether he's rocking an arena or a playing a bar mitzvah, Scotty brings forth an uplifting yet lighthearted energy to his DJ sets. His somewhat eclectic style includes all forms of House, Breaks and Drum & Bass. Past residencies include: The Standard Rooftop, Key Club, Sunset Room, Luna Park, Shelter, Falcon, Club Lingerie, SPLURGE, Freedom Force Five and 26C Events. For mixes or info, visit HushRadio.com.
Although Bob Canady has only been DJing for 3 years, his underground roots go deep. It all started back in Florida when a club he and his friends frequented started mixing in Acid House tracks with Electro, Freestyle and Miami Bass in the late 80's. He was already a huge electronic music fan but he was fascinated with the House sound. After moving to Los Angeles in 1990, he started going to small house clubs and discovered a radio show on KXLU called Illicit Groove hosted by DJ Sonic (Jason Bentley). He became obsessed with the music and eventually went to his first big underground called Jive at the infamous La Casa. It was a life changing experience and he quickly became consumed with the culture. Although he was collecting records since the 80's, he never tried DJing until 2012 when a friend asked him to bring a stack of records | 438 |
InFocus Play Big IN1 Video Game Projector | OhGizmo!
InFocus launched a new projector today aimed at the gamer crowd called the InFocus Play Big IN1 projector. The projector is aimed at gamers playing on the Wii, PlayStation and Xbox gaming systems, but can be connected to other input sources like DVD players and cable boxes as<|fim_middle|> resolutions are supported as well with 480i, 576i/p, 720p, and 1080i. Video inputs include S-video, composite, and component. Brightness for the projector is 500 lumens and the contrast ratio is 1500:1. Overall dimensions are 4.69" x 12.6" x 9.5" without the audio module and 8.5" x 13.35" x 10.39" with the audio module. The IN1 is available now for $499 exclusively through Woot. | well. Amplified speakers are built into the projector so you get sound to go along with your big screen gaming experience. If you room is big enough to get the projector far enough from the screen or wall, you can get an image 8-feet wide.
The projector uses DLP technology and has a native VGA resolution of 640×480. Other | 76 |
Know what's sizzling, and what's not, in the health and fitness discipline. People have a seemingly countless capacity for creating drama-crammed relationships, and it seems like Dr. Phil has always been there to help us kind via them on reside TELEVISION. Dr. Phil still pulls in thousands and thousands of viewers and top ratings at a time when cable television as a whole is struggling to sustain folks's curiosity. These stats counsel this prolific author and mental well being guru isn't going anywhere.
Mills is better referred to as Deliciously Ella, a healthy-consuming advocate who dishes up complete-food, plant-based, and eco-acutely aware meals. Because of stunning photographs and a willingness to share her private story (she embraced a plant-primarily based weight loss plan after dealing with a taxing sickness), Mills has amassed more than one million Instagram followers. They head to the Deliciously Ella blog , app , deli, and greatest-promoting cookbooks for compassionate insights into more healthy<|fim_middle|> fitness DVDs. (She holds the Guinness World Report for essentially the most fitness videos produced by a person.) Now she's focused on self-assist and enterprise teaching with an emphasis on achieving goals whereas avoiding burnout. That's the mission of her common SmartLife Push Journal and her two prime-ranked podcasts , The Chalene Present and Build Your Tribe. | consuming.
Showers and altering rooms, together with personal lockers and towel service are available free for the day. And all tools is particularly selected for the distinctive fitness wants of our members. Train classes based mostly on exercise degree. Classes are fee-based and open to the public. Staff members can help decide exercise level for new individuals.
You may know this health model and athlete as Buff Bunny , which additionally happens to be the name of her apparel line. Somers shares glimpses into her every day health and health routines via her fashionable Instagram account and YouTube channel , where she uploads each day vlogs about every part from exercises to cash to what's in her fridge. She's additionally created several workout and meal plans.
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NCERT Solutions for Class 10th: Ch 1 The Rise of Nationalism in Europe History
NCERT<|fim_middle|>ERT Solutions for Class 10th History | Solutions for Class 10th: Ch 1 The Rise of Nationalism in Europe History Social Studies (S.St)
Page No: 28
Write in Brief
1. Write a Note on:
a) Giuseppe Mazzini
b) Count Camilo de Cavour
c) The Greek War of Independence
d) The Frankfurt Parliament
e) The role of women in nationalist struggles
a) Giuseppe Mazzini: Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian revolutionary. He was born in Genoa in 1807. He was a member of the secret society of the Carbonari. At the age of 24, he was sent into exile in 1831 for attempting a revolution in Liguria. He founded underground societies named 'Young Italy' in Marseilles and 'Young Europe' in Berne, whose members were like-minded young men from Poland, France, Italy and the German States. He believed that God had intended nations to be the natural units of mankind. So, Italy had to be forged into a single unified republic within a wider alliance of nations.
(Para - 3, Page No. 12)
b) Count Camilo de Cavour: Cavour was chief minister of Sardinia-Piedmont state who led the movement to unify the regions of Italy. He was neither a revolutionary nor a democrat. Like many other wealthy and educated members of the Italian elite, he spoke French much better than he did Italian. He engineered a careful diplomatic alliance with France, which helped Sardinia-Piedmont defeat the Austrian forces in 1859, and thereby free the northern part of Italy from the Austrian Habsburgs.
(Para -1, Page No. 21)
c) The Greek War of Independence: Greece was a part of the Ottoman Empire since the 15th century. The struggle for independence amongst the Greeks began in 1821. Nationalists in Greece got support from other Greeks living in exile and also from many Western Europeans sharing sympathies for ancient Greek culture. Poets and artists lauded Greece as the cradle of European civilisation and mobilised public opinion to support its struggle against a Muslim empire. Finally, the Treaty of Constantinople of 1832 recognised Greece as an independent nation.
d) The Frankfurt Parliament: It was an all-German National Assembly formed by a large number of political associations whose members were middle-class professionals, businessmen and prosperous artisans. Its first meeting was convened on 18 May 1848 in the Church of St. Paul at Frankfurt. They drafted a constitution for the German nation to be headed by a monarchy subject to a parliament. The king of Prussia rejected the crown offered by the deputies of parliament and joined other monarchs to oppose the elected assembly. As it was dominated by the middle classes who resisted the demands of workers and artisans and consequently lost their support. In the end, troops were called in and the assembly was forced to disband.
(Para -2, Page No.17)
e) The role of women in nationalist struggles: The issue of extending political rights to women was a controversial one within the liberal movement, in which large numbers of women had participated actively over the years. Women had formed their own political associations, founded newspapers and taken part in political meetings and demonstrations. Despite this, they were denied suffrage during the election of the Assembly. When the Frankfurt Parliament convened in the Church of St. Paul, women were admitted only as observers to stand in the visitors' gallery.
(Para - 3, Page No. 17| Para - 1, Page No. 18)
2. What steps did the French revolutionaries take to create a sense of collective identity among the French people?
The French revolutionaries took many important steps to create a sense of collective identity among the French people which were:
→ Ideas of la Patrie (the fatherland) and le Citoyen (the citizen) emphasising the notion of a united community enjoying equal rights under a constitution.
→ A new French flag, a tricolour replaced the royal standard.
→ The Estates General was renamed the National Assembly and was elected by a group of active citizens.
→ New hymns, oaths and martyrs commemorated in the name of the nation.
→ A central administrative system made uniform laws for the entire nation.
→ Discouraging regional dialects and promoting French as a common language of the nation.
(Para - 2, Page No. 5)
3. Who were Marianne and Germania? What was the importance of the way in which they were portrayed?
Marianne and Germania were female allegories for the French and the German nation respectively. These female allegories were used to portray ideas such as Liberty, Justice and the Republic. These allegories remind the public of the national symbol of unity and to persuade them to identify with it.
(Para - 2 and 3, Page No. 23)
4. Briefly trace the process of German unification.
In 1848, the middle class Germans tried to unite the different regions of the German confederation into a nation-state governed by an elected parliament. But they were repressed by the combined forces of the monarchy and the military, supported by the large landowners of Prussia. After this, Prussia soon became the leader of German unification movement. Its Chief Minister Otto von Bismarck was the architect of the process with support from Prussian army and Prussian bureaucracy. The unification process was completed after Prussia won wars with Austria, Denmark and France over seven years time. In January 1871, the Prussian king, William I, was proclaimed the German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles.
(Para -2 and 4, Page No. 19)
5. What changes did Napoleon introduce to make the administrative system more efficient in the territories ruled by him?
Napoleon introduced following changes to make the administrative system more efficient in the areas ruled by him:
→ He established civil code in 1804 also known as the Napoleonic Code which did away with all privileges based on birth and established equality before law and secured the right to property.
→ He simplified administrative divisions, abolished feudal system, and freed peasants from serfdom and manorial dues.
→ In towns too, guild systems were removed. Transport and communication systems were improved.
1. Explain what is meant by the 1848 revolution of the liberals. What were the political, social and economic ideas supported by the liberals?
The 1848 revolution was led by the educated middle class along with the poor, unemployed starving peasants and workers in Europe. In certain parts of Europe such as Germany, Italy, Poland and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, men and women of the liberal middle classes took advantage of the growing popular unrest to push their demands for the creation of nation-states based on parliamentary principles.
The political, social and economic ideas supported by the liberals were:
→ Politically, they demanded constitutionalism with national unification. They wanted the creation of a nation-state on parliamentary principles – a constitution, freedom of the press and freedom of association.
→ Socially, they wanted to rid society of its class-based partialities and birth rights. Serfdom and bonded labour had to be abolished.
→ Economically, they wanted freedom of markets and right to property. Abolition of state imposed restrictions on the movements of goods and capital.
(Para - 1 and 2, Page No. 17| Subtopic: What did Liberal Nationalism Stand for? Page No. 9)
2. Choose three examples to show the contribution of culture to the growth of nationalism in Europe.
Three examples to show the contribution of culture to the growth of nationalism in Europe were:
• Romanticism was a cultural movement which sought to develop a particular form of nationalist sentiment. Romantic artists and poets focused on emotions, intuition and mystical feelings as their effort was to create a sense of a shared collective heritage, a common cultural past, as the basis of a nation.
• Folk songs, dances and poetry were regarded as the true spirit of the nation. So collecting and recording these forms of folk culture was essential to the project of nation-building. The vernacular language and the collection of local folklore were used to carry the modern nationalist message to large audiences who were mostly illiterate. For example, Karol Kurpinski celebrated the national struggle through his operas and music, turning folk dances like the polonaise and mazurka into nationalist symbols.
• Language too played an important role in developing nationalist sentiments. After Russian invasion, the Polish language was forced out of schools and the Russian language was imposed everywhere. After the failure of an armed rebellion against Russian rule in 1831, many members of the clergy
in Poland began to use language as a weapon of national resistance. Polish was used for Church gatherings and all religious instruction. As a result, a large number of priests and bishops were put in jail or sent to Siberia by the Russian authorities as punishment for their refusal to preach in Russian. The use of Polish came to be seen as a symbol of the struggle against Russian dominance.
(Para - 5, Page No. 13| Para - 1 and 2, Page No. 14| Para - 1 and 2, Page No. 15)
3. Through a focus on any two countries, explain how nations developed over the nineteenth century.
The development of the German and Italian nation states in the nineteenth century:
• Unification of Germany with the help of Army: In 1848, an attempt was made to unite different regions of the German Confederation into a nation-state governed by an elected parliament. However, this liberal initiative was repressed by the combined forces of the monarchy and the military, who were supported by the large landowners of Prussia. Thereafter, Prussia took on the leadership of the movement for national unification. Its Chief Minister, Otto von Bismarck with the help of the Prussian army and bureaucracy in the process. Three wars over seven years with Austria, Denmark and France ended in Prussian victory and completed the process of unification. In January I 871, the Prussian king, William I, was proclaimed as the German emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles.
• Unification of Italy by a princely house: In the middle of the 19th century, Italy was divided into seven states. Of these, only Sardinia-Piedmont was ruled by an Italian princely house. The north was under the Austrian-Habsburg Empire, the centre was ruled by the Pope while the southern regions were dominated by the Bourbon kings of France. Also, the Italian language had many regional and
local variations. In the 1830s, Giuseppe Mazzini sought to formulate a coherent programme for a unitary Italian republic and also had established a secret society called Young Italy for the fulfillment of his goals. The revolutionary uprisings in 1831 and 1848 largely failed. Thus, the responsibility of uniting Italian states was now on King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia-Piedmont. The Chief Minister of Italy, Cavour led the movement to unify the regions of Italy. He was able to conclude a diplomatic alliance with France. Also, Sardinia-Piedmont succeeded in defeating the Austrian forces in 1859. Apart from regular troops, a large number of armed volunteers, under the leadership of Giuseppe Garibaldi, also joined the movement. In 1860, these troops marched into south Italy and the kingdom of Two Sicilies. These areas were liberated and later joined with Sardinia. In 1870, Rome was vacated by France and it became a part of Sardinia. Finally, Italy was unified in 1871.
(Subtopic: Germany – Can the Army be the Architect of a Nation?, Page No. 19)
(Subtopic: Italy Unified, Page No. 20 and 21)
4. How was the history of nationalism in Britain unlike the rest of Europe?
The history of nationalism in Britain unlike the rest of Europe because:
→ In Britain, the formation of the nation-state was not the result of a sudden upheaval or revolution.
→ The primary identities of the people who inhabited the British Isles were ethnic ones - such as English, Welsh, Scot or Irish.
→ The Act of Union (1707) between England and Scotland resulted in the formation of the 'United Kingdom of Great Britian' meant that England was able to impose its influence on Scotland. Scotland's distinctive culture and political institutions were systematically suppressed.
→ The Scottish highlanders were forbidden to speak their Gaelic language or wear their national dress and large numbers were forcibly driven out of their homeland.
→ The English helped the Protestants of Ireland to establish their dominance over a largely Catholic country. Catholic revolts against British dominance were suppressed. Ireland was forcibly incorporated into the United Kingdom in 1801.
→ The symbols of the new Britain - the British flag, the national anthem, the English language were actively promoted and the older nations survived only as subordinate partners in this union.
(Subtopic: The Strange Case of Britain, Page No. 21 and 22)
5. Why did nationalist tensions emerge in the Balkans?
The Balkans was a region of ethnic and geographical variations. It consisted of modern-day Albania, Greece, Romania, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia, Slovenia, Serbia, Herzegovina and Montenegro. A large part of the Balkans was under the control of the Ottoman Empire. The nationalist tensions emerged in the Balkans due to the spread of the ideas of romantic nationalism in the Balkans together with the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire. The Balkan peoples based their claims for independence or political rights on nationality and used history to prove that they had once been independent. The rebellious nationalities in the Balkans thought of their struggles as attempts to win back their long-lost independence. The Balkan states were fiercely jealous of each other and each hoped to gain more territory at the expense of the others.
The Rise of Nationalism in Europe Class 10th Notes
The Rise of Nationalism in Europe Extra Questions
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In 1995, Rob Glaser—fresh from a successful stint at Microsoft—founded a new company—Progressive Networks, which was initially intended to help distribute politically progressive ideas to counter-balance the strength of conservative organizations in getting their message out. Along the way, Glaser stumbled upon an early version of software that would make it feasible, for the first time, to transmit audio content over the Internet. He quickly re-directed his company to focus on software development, changed the name to RealNetworks and took the company public.
Now, RealNetworks is a powerhouse in streaming media, delivering a large share of the market in audio and video content over the web. Now that RealNetworks has achieved a strong position in the marketplace, it's interesting to go back to the original mission of the company—promoting progressive content in the media. How are they doing?
On a recent morning, the RealNetworks media service Rhapsody sent out an online alert touting a typical mix of programming available. Two highlights: One implores users to "See pics of pop's wildest girls" and another promises images of reckless celebrities. "Their music may excite us, but their behavior is absolutely boorish." Most days Rhapsody offers a similar come-on.
The simple truth is the market wants what the market wants. And even with the best of intentions a commercial media enterprise is generally going to deliver content choices that follow the cold calculus of the marketplace. For RealNetworks, née Progressive Networks, it is a far cry from the company's original mission to help spread politically progressive ideas.
This example is not intended to castigate Rob Glaser or RealNetworks for abandoning their original mission. And it's not meant to proclaim moral indignation in the face of more cleavage or carnage. It's just a reality. There's a reason for the term crass commercialism, after all.
And there's nothing new or special about the Internet that drags commercial expression down. Witness the trajectory of Arts and Entertainment, a cable television service that started out with a high-minded purpose and, somewhere along the way to becoming just "A & E," found itself serving up heaping portions of Dog the Bounty Hunter, a foul cocktail of human melodrama.
Given the gravitational pull of the market to exert a lowest-common-denominator effect on programming, the challenge remains: How to organize Internet services that stick to their missions and serve the public interest, rather than simply returning a profit to shareholders. Equally, it is a challenge for grantmakers who would like to create an information eco-system where the public interest is served in a sustainable way.
Of the three organizations cited above—Wikipedia, Mozilla, and the Participatory Culture Foundation (PCF)—the Miro online video player created by PCF is the newest and most immediately relevant example for this discussion. Begun in 2005 with initial support from Lotus founder Mitch Kapor's Open Source Application Foundation and from Skyline Public Works, a charitable fund of Andy and Deborah Rappaport, PCF sought to create a free and open-source software tool that would enable users to view any freely-downloadable video content available on the Internet. Appearing first in beta form as The Democracy Player, then moving to full public launch as Miro, the player has quickly become a popular and critically acclaimed method for viewing video content.
The mission of PCF is lofty—"to build a television system that is more open than ever before." Further, the organization strives "to eliminate gatekeepers, corporate control, and centralization as (it) works toward a new vision of open media where everyone can create, curate and participate." And it is a miracle of the modern public interest Internet enterprise that Miro is able to compete with commercial companies that are capitalized at many, many times its size.
In just a few short years, Miro has provided a way to view, in full-screen and high-resolution quality, content that might otherwise have to be delivered via streaming media windows, which for technical reasons tend to appear in smaller windows with lower resolution. More to the point, Miro allows every consumer and creator to establish their own connection, without a commercial intermediary getting in the way. The response has been tremendous. Already, there are over 5,000 channels of content featured on the Miro Guide, a catalogue of content viewable on the Miro Player, featuring everything from nightly newscasts of the major broadcast channels ABC, CBS, and NBC to daily feeds of Amy Goodman's Democracy Now. The player is an especially good way to view science programs in High Definition, such as KQED's Quest, and astronomy shows like NASA's Hubblecast featuring images from the Hubble Space Telescope.
Miro is like Tivo for the Internet, in that you can find a program that you would like to see, download it to your computer, and watch it whenever you want, rather than when it is broadcast. It's a great way to view familiar programs from PBS, like Bill Moyers Journal and Sesame Street, but also public broadcasting programs from other countries, including Canada, Germany, Norway, and many others. One of the breakaway hits on Miro is from Norwegian State Television (NRK), called Nordkalotten 365, in which a guy and his dog roam through the wilderness north of the Arctic Circle with nothing but their canoe and an HD camera. By deciding to distribute their program directly to Internet viewers using Miro and BitTorrent (peer-to-peer file sharing software), NRK was able to reach an online audience of more than 100,000 viewers at a cost of just $300, showing that the economics of broadband TV have basically made it possible for anyone to reach an infinite audience at a negligible cost.
The arts are also well represented on Miro, especially in PBS programs like One From the Top at Carnegie Hall, featuring young performers in concert and in vignettes about their lives, as well as content produced independently by arts organizations, like the video podcasts produced by the Philharmonia Orchestra and Wynton Marsalis, and Jazz at Lincoln Center, both of which both feature highlights and previews from upcoming performances and recent recording releases.
Although it has received support from a few foundations such as the Knight and Surdna foundations and the Phoebe Haas Charitable Trust, as with many nonprofit start-ups that do not correspond to standard funding categories, Miro continues to struggle financially. Even so, it has been able to compete effectively against much larger commercial enterprises because of the way it distributes work beyond paid staff to hundreds of volunteers who carry out significant elements of its operations, such as ranking content in the Miro Guide, translating the site into fifty languages, and responding to user problems in a collective effort to create the most effective service possible. If all of those volunteers were paid for the critical services they provide to the site, the budget would have to be roughly forty times as large, according to Executive Director Nicholas Reville.
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Many of us witnessed on TV the recent spectacle of thousands of honorable American veterans tearing down metal barricades in Washington D.C. and heaving them into a scrap pile in front of the White House. They did it because they wanted access to the open-air war memorials which were closed because of the Government Shutdown. The vets and their supporters removed those barricades because they felt the government had no right to block the entrance to hollowed ground consecrated by their own sacrifices and the bloodshed of their fellow veterans who fought and died for our beloved country. My husband and I were with them in spirit. We actually would have been there in person for our very first protest since the sixties but we heard about it too late.
The veterans' barricade incident got me thinking about how human beings construct their own mental barriers...psychological barricades....and how these can be even more impenetrable than any 20 ton concrete abutment used to thwart terrorists from ramming a federal building.
We create psychological barricades in our minds to keep us emotionally safe. We build mental defense mechanisms out of FEAR. I think that the greatest commonality among all humans is fear. We tell ourselves that we're afraid of certain individuals or groups or beliefs or nationalities or political organizations because they will harm us....physically or emotionally or financially or spiritually. Of course,<|fim_middle|> our ways? Do we fear change? Some people dread change. Others find it a challenge. Personally, I embrace change. I always have. My husband and I have been married for over 41 years. During that time, we've lived in over 20 different homes in multiple cities. I have packed, unpacked, set up and dismantled households countless number of times. And that doesn't include the hundreds of times, I've rearranged furniture...just for the fun of it. I am a glutton for change. I thoroughly enjoy it. I get bored with the humdrum staleness of things. I seek something new and different by way of big or little challenges.
Change is scary. No doubt about it. Even for me. I've made many career moves....all by choice. My entrepreneurial spirit has led me to discover new things about myself. It's given me confidence to spread my wings, take calculated risks and make life-changing choices...mostly to benefit my family. It's frightening to leave behind safe, secure employment and leap into the unknown. But I never wanted to just "put in my time" at a boring job until retirement. Occasionally, along the way, I made some wrong turns. But I learned from my mistakes and used them as opportunities to redirect and reinvent myself. I truly believe if you don't stretch yourself, you will never ever reach your true potential.
You can make life changes all on your own. But it helps significantly if you have a positive sounding board. I've had support and encouragement from my husband. Even though he is very conservative, he was always willing to go along with my wild schemes and creative dreams. In the end, things worked out. Sometimes not in the way I expected but still a positive experience. I never wanted to go through life wondering..."What if I'd done that..."
On the other hand, I don't equate change with "thrill seeking". I don't free fall out of airplanes. I don't even like flying in airplanes all that much. I don't bungee jump off sky-high bridges over raging rivers. I have never zipped-lined above the treetops of an Amazon jungle. I am thinking of learning how to paddle board this summer but even that gives me some trepidation.
Changing things about your life does not necessarily involve daredevil, death-defying pursuits. I know some people who have lived in the same home, on the same street, in the same town for their entire lives. They are some of the happiest people, you'd ever want to meet. Why? Because they did not remain stagnant. They faced complicated changes and challenges in their own way and emotionally moved on with no resentments.They survived and thrived without fanfare. They learned that the secret to changing oneself inwardly or outwardly is to give of yourself to others. As a result, they changed lives for the better without ever having to leave home.
Yet some folks have wallowed in their status quo or "stagnant quo" and paid a hefty, lifetime price of discontent and unhappiness for not moving forward. Why? Because they are afraid. Fear is the greatest obstacle to transforming our lives. Think of all we could do if we weren't afraid. Fear is the monster wall of resistance that keeps people stuck in unhappy situations. Fear keeps us from exploring and discovering options that could better our lives and the lives of our families. Transition is not always about moving to a different town or redefining a career. Transition or change is adjusting and accepting new possibilities. Conquering negative fears produces positive changes. Overcoming "analysis paralysis" leads to amazing transformations.
Lately, I've been mindful of the spiritual and healing powers of an "open heart". We all know certain people who have closed off their heart to others for a long time. As a result, their imprisoned heart is encrusted with rust and hardened from years of negativity and decay. They have not allowed love to flow from their own heart and they have shut off any chance of love from those around them, to penetrate their closed heart. They are steeped in misery and blame others for their unhappiness.
For me, change is about moving forward. Nobody's perfect, especially me. I'm an imperfect, intense, exasperating, impatient, annoying, old woman who likes to buy houses and move around a lot. But even in my own life, I've come full circle and moved back to the city of my birth. My husband and I both like the community where we live and maybe we'll stay put for a "change". I do believe we can redeem ourselves through positive changes, kindness, humility and forgiveness. I cannot force others to change. But I can create a loving change of heart within myself if I'm willing to overcome my fears. I am deeply grateful beyond measure for all my blessings and my "blisters'. Like that dwindling roll of toilet paper, my life is spinning faster to the end. I try not to look backwards. I'm not going that way. | we all have a right to be afraid at times. It's a healthy, intelligent, natural instinct. However, I think that in some circumstances, we are not really afraid of each other. We're afraid of ourselves.
We're afraid we cannot stand up to the challenge of those who are not simpatico to our way of thinking. So we establish internal barricades. Many of us have self-limiting beliefs that we will feel more secure, more comfortable, even happier if we can hide behind psychological walls. Squirreled away behind our self-imposed, internal walls, we don't have to deal with specific people, conflicting emotions or difficult situations. It's a means to avoid rejection and conflict. It's a way to maintain control of our own lives, to make ourselves less vulnerable and to avoid taking risks. By barricading ourselves psychologically from the real world, it's not that we are keeping others out. We are actually burying ourselves....from experiencing life to the fullest. An emotional barricade prevents us from effective communication, reasonable discussion and open mindedness.
To me, psychological barricades are what lie at the heart of most conflicts, resentments and hatreds. They are the stumbling blocks, the logjams, the emotional fortifications that stop us from reaching out, from carefully listening and from acknowledging others because we are afraid. We fear taking the risk.
Of course, we will never always agree with everybody. But wouldn't it be to our advantage if we tried to understand another point of view? Listening is a lost art. We scream. We yell. We express our anger with vitriolic name calling and lies. We are indignant. Arrogant. We are rude. Obnoxious. And these are just the jackasses on Capitol Hill. Oops....there I go name-calling.
Ironically, we often build the biggest psychological barricades to shut out or protect ourselves from our very own families.....people who are our loved ones....our blood kin. Typically family members either create outrageous drama because they demand to be in control or they hold back and won't voice an opinion because they don't want conflict. I'm not sure which is worse. Most families probably consist of both the control freaks and the "whatevers". I wish all relationships could be happy. But as Shakespeare may have said: "Life doth lack perfection." Resentments build. Lies overcome truth. Egos erupt. We all know some people who get a perverse satisfaction from being negative and miserable. They seem to wallow in their unhappiness. Misery truly loves company. And try as hard as we might, sometimes the psychological barricades of others are too rigid and fraught with misconceptions to reach an understanding. So we move on. Over all these years, I've learned the importance of breaking down my own emotional barricades. I'll admit, a few still remain to be sledge-hammered down. I'm working on it. But I know how significant the power of communication is in resolving most conflicts. Not just talking "words" but effective LISTENING. Understanding. Compassion. Compromise. Knowing when to choose our battles and knowing when to concede. Obviously, the best outcome is when everybody wins. But that doesn't always happen. And sadly relationships dissolve. Families disintegrate and countries run amuck. All because of barricades.
The American people (and the entire world for that matter) witness the unimaginable chaos in the United States Congress, the lack of true and skillful leadership on the part of all the elected officials in Washington, D.C., including the president in my opinion. And we wonder HOW can they behave so irresponsibly? How can they be so incompetent? How can they be so unyielding, so contemptuous of each other, so egotistical, so unwilling to communicate? Maybe we only have to look at ourselves to understand.
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Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore. U.P. MI
They say be careful what you wish for. We longed for peace and quiet. We ended up with a generous dose of it and something even better. Recently, my husband and I went on a summer sojourne to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan.....to get away from it all. If you know anything about the U.P....you'll know that it's ruggedly remote, surrounded by thick forests and three of the five great lakes and inhabited by very few people....mostly fierce, independent folk who proudly call themselves "yoopers" and seem to enjoy hard living and even harsher winters. Yoopers refer to us wimps who live in the lower peninsula, below the Mackinack Bridge, as "trolls". Many yoopers would like to secede from Michigan and form their own country....which they'd call "Superior". They probably wouldn't allow us trolls back across the Bridge.
We'd driven across the U.P. several times before....which is in itself, not exactly a walk in the park....considering the wide peninsula grips the farthest north edges of Michigan and runs horizontally from Wisconsin to Canada with a bit of Minnesota border (Duluth), tossed in for good measure. It takes a good, solid day to traverse from east coast to west coast of the Upper Peninsula on long, winding, monotonous, two lane roads where you see nothing but trees and sky and a smattering of quirky eateries with names like "Bear Trap Bar" (which happens to be a memorable place to eat.)
To me the U.P. is like hopping in a time capsule and heading back to the 1950s. No flashy, upscale hotels, fancy restaurants or glitzy shopping districts. Mostly two lane roads; lots of bears, moose and rustic simplicity. All spring and summer long, millions of flies (black fly, deer fly, stable fly) dive-bomb tourists and natives alike. With teeth sharp as razor blades, these flying killer machines inflict vicious bites and welts that could make even Wrestlemania-type bruisers scream for mercy. Obviously I don't work for the U.P. Chamber of Commerce. But hold on....there's positive news to come.
Admittedly, we were rather harsh on the U.P. during some previous, quick, drive-by visits. As much as we enjoy on-the-grid civilization, we decided to give the U.P. another chance. Oh so glad we did! On previous visits, we had glimpsed some of it's startling, raw beauty and knew there was more to the U.P. besides killer flies and pasties.(beef and potato stew wrapped up in pastry like a burrito.) We said a boatload of prayers that the horrid swarms of flies would not be present.
Our prayers were answered tenfold. No flies. Alleluia! No flies! Instead we discovered dozens of scenic lighthouses, cool, cascading waterfalls, pristine primevil forests and the breathtaking Lake Superior shoreline. The largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Superior makes you want to weep in pure, joyful gratitude for the privilege of standing on its glorious craggy, rocky coastline; walking along its abundant, sandy, isolated beaches, viewing the magical vistas of sheer cliffs and high dunes, being astonished at the clarity of its Caribbean-like blue and green waters and understanding the vastness, grandeur and awesome power this enormous, wild and unpredictable lake commands of anyone who dares enter its waters.
We found our peace and quiet. Solitude. Relaxation. Daily picnics overlooking the mighty Lake. Simple food. Amazing coastal panoramas. We did miles of hiking and exploring. No crowds. Often we were the only two people in the woods or on the shoreline for as far as the eye could see. But more than that, for me, I was inspired by the care free nature of the enduring people who live there year round in bone-chilling winters and short-lived summers. I was awed by Lake Superior's spectacular, world class vistas. I was humbled by the lush, reverential, verdant forests carpeted in millions of giant, wild ferns, birch trees and sturdy hard woods....so deep and dense that one could become lost for a long time.
The Upper Peninsula of Michigan is not a place I would like to live permanently. Too severe. Too rustic. Too isolated. But to visit the U.P. every so often, renews my sense of spirituality, frees me from the madness of the outside world and embraces me with coveted peace and quiet. Priceless.
I snapped 500 photos of our trip to U.P. Here are just a few to inspire you to visit this incredible northern region of pure Michigan
Silver River Falls, Keweenaw Peninsula (U.P.)
Copper Harbor Lighthouse at most northern tip of Michigan on Lake Superior.
Primevil forest tree roots have a life of their own.
Wrecked boat...Casualty of Lake Superior's fury.
Drift wood floats along pink sand beach.
Isolated beaches lure a lone black bird.
Scarlet cliffs of Grand Sable Dunes.
Grand Sable Cliffs loom over Lake Superior.
Majestic "Pictured Rocks" glow at sunset.
You can walk for miles and miles and never see another soul. Lake Superior.
Munising Falls
Lone Sailboat plies the vast waters of Lake Superior.
Marquette Harbor Lighthouse is enchanting in a sunset glow.
Be careful where you spend the night.
Travelers beware! If you're not careful, an innocent stay in a hotel/motel room, in any big city or any small town....could turn into a horror-filled, fright night straight out of a hair-raising Dracula tale. Vampire parasites. Blood sucking monsters. Malevolent creatures lusting for human blood. Ghastly red welts all over your body. And that's just while you're curled up in bed....under those pasty white motel sheets.
The fearsome culprits? Vampire Bedbugs! From the dank caves of our ancient ancestors to posh modern hotel rooms...this common parasitic insect has returned from a long hibernation to prey upon mankind with a blood-thirsty vengeance. What you don't see, can hurt you.
No doubt you've heard about the bedbug bedlam infesting hotels (upscale and otherwise), motels, apartment buildings, movie theaters, college dorms, airplanes, buses, office buildings, public libraries and hospitals. They've even been found at.....the Mall. (Cue high pitched screams)....in your favorite clothing stores. Noooooo!
Resurgence of the vicious vermin is partly due to an increase of international travel and the ban of DDT ....a chemical that virtually wiped out most bed bugs by the 1950s. An effective, highly toxic insecticide, DDT nearly eradicated U.S. bedbugs back in the 1940s. But because of it's controversial components, DDT is banned for use in the United States. As a result, the insidious little bedbugs are scrambling back to their blood sucking glory days faster than a pack of crazed fans rushing the stage at a Justin Beiber concert.
For travelers, the bugs creep into luggage and backpacks and hitch-hike home with unsuspecting victims. Once bed bugs infest your home, they are notoriously difficult to remove. There has been such a rampant surge of bed bug infestations across the United States and around the world in recent years, that dogs are now being used to detect them. Bed-bug-busting canines are specially trained to sniff out infestations. Apparently the dogs can be highly effective.
Worst bed bug cities? In July 2013, Terminex issued its annual list of cities experiencing the largest increase in bed bug calls. Sacramento, CA, Milwaukee, Las Vegas and Columbus, Ohio were the unfortunate front runners. From New York to Los Angeles, Detroit to Denver and in thousands of places in between, bed bugs are stalking us. In 2012, Orkin pest control company said it did more business in Chicago than any other major city. According to Orkin, Chicago had the inglorious distinction of having the most treatments for bed bug infestations. I'm going to a reunion near Chicago very soon and staying at a hotel. I wonder if I should bring a bed-bug-buster dog with me.
My husband and I travel often and frequently stay at hotels and motels. I try not to get panicky about the blood-thirsty little monsters. But as a cautionary measure, once we're inside our room, before we even unpack, we ALWAYS pull up the mattress and inspect for brown, tell-tale, bed bug spots on the box spring, the top mattress, the sheets and pillowcases. We never put our luggage on the floor. We try to keep our suitcases closed after we use them. So far, in all our limited inspections, we have not seen any bedbugs or their eggs. Yuck, I'm getting grossed out even as I write this. For the safety of those who travel: heed fair warning in your hotel room. The vampire bugs are waiting for you. Beware. Sleep tight and don't let the.....well, you know....
Sometimes on a rainy day, I like to sit and ponder the deeper meanings of life.
Who screwed up the Travel Channel? Why are there no "travel" shows on the Travel Channel? Slimey poker games and other silly non-travel fluff have replaced interesting and colorful travel programs for years now. And whatever happened to Samantha Brown? I always enjoyed her perky travel get-aways.
When it's pouring rain outside, why don't my outdoor potted plants get wet? It can be raining more furious than a monsoon in Mexico and yet my container flowers remain dry as a Baptist revival in southern Georgia. As a result, I have to hand-water the potted plants sometimes as much as twice a day....even on a wet, soppy, rainy afternoon.
And speaking of flowers. Why do my neighbor's flowers across the street ALWAYS look bigger, healthier and more colorful than mine? We both planted similar type flowers the very same week. But after two weeks, hers are huge and mine are....wishing they could join the garden party across the street.
Why don't I ever win a beauty make-over? Could it be I'm already too beautiful...or is it because my name is never submitted?
Why does my husband, after unloading groceries into the car, push the shopping cart half mile back to inside the store, in the snow and yet NEVER unload our dishwasher in the morning?
Why am I the only nitwit who cannot figure out Pinterest?
Why am I so jealous of that female voice on our GPS (who sounds exactly like former news anchor Connie Chung)...that I insist my husband turn down the volume when he's driving? Seriously! What is wrong with me?
Why can't I figure out how to secure my own grandson safely into his car seat when he can strap himself into it in less than a minute?
Why does my bucket list have a hole in it? No wonder I haven't accomplished anything.
Why does the thought of a D.Q Peanut Buster Parfait torment me all summer long?
If 60 is the new 40....is an afternoon nap the new foreplay?
Life is like a roll of toilet paper. The closer it gets
to the end...the faster it goes.
As our own lives roll on, is it time for a change? Or are we too set in | 3,195 |
After the initial conversation, an analytical site meeting is held between the artist and the client,<|fim_middle|>. 'Keys' lock the mould in place and frames are constructed to surround the mould and stop warping.
The final piece is de-cast from the mould and the finishing process for the chosen final material is executed. This will involve polishing, colouring, waxing or patination. Crystal glass is polished using acid polish which gives a clearer finish and takes it away from an opacity. Shellac gives plaster a tough shell which can be highly polished to resemble ivory.
When the artwork is completed, the client is contacted and the installation arrangements implemented. The piece is collected from the studio and transported to the site where a professional team hang the piece with the artist. The panels are made in conjunction with bespoke museum brackets which are designed, manufactured and supplied especially for the piece in either bronze or steel depending on the client. | regarding the location of the piece, the size, scale and material that is required, the subject matter, and a general assessment of the property as to what would work and what would be the most suitable and imaginative approach.
The second meeting sees a portfolio presentation of my actual sketches, painted designs and pencil drawings, maquettes of the proposed panels, art historical mood boards showing my drawn ideas as visualised in the locations. These are re-drawn as visualisations by CAD (Computer Aided Design), to give as near as possible a rendition of the design in its location and the quotation is presented outlining all the costings.
A contract is then drawn up between the client and the artist in the form of a Commission Agreement detailing the Artists Fee, the costs of producing the work, the confirmed and agreed measurements, the confirmed materials to be used, methods of hanging the completed work and an estimation of the delivery schedule. A signed copy of the contract is returned to the Artist with the full fee as agreed and the process is started.
Taking my original sketches, the images are worked up in scale to the exact measurements required in the final panel and which will exactly fit the location. Different layers of the drawing, fabric, etc are drawn on tracing paper and overlaid. These drawings are scaled up on cartridge paper, enlarged and subsequently used by me as the final 'cartoons'. The cartoon is an image used for the purposes of pouncing out into the clay or plaster as in the process of Fresco and carving. A cartoon, from the Italian "cartone" and Dutch word "karton", meaning strong, heavy paper or pasteboard, often shows pinpricks along the outlines of the design; a bag of soot was then patted or 'pounced' over the cartoon, held against the wall to leave black dots on the plaster ('pouncing'). I use exactly the same technique and pounce out the holes with chalk dust onto the clay surface.
These enlarged cartoons of my drawings are laid over the previously rolled out clay. Steel pins are taken and pressed through the lines in the paper and the drawn image is transferred in a series of dots into the soft clay. Chalk dust is pounced through the perforated holes and these chalk dots are drawn together in lines. The clay is cut out, the basic clay shape removed and placed in its position on the clay back board. It is from these clay shapes, which are laid out onto the clay bed, that the frieze starts to compositionally come together and any decisions about altering the composition can be made by me. When I see the entire horizontal composition laid out I fully comprehend the depths required in the vertical composition of modelled clay and descisions can be made about the placing of the figures.
A drawn image will communicate form, via the use of tone, in one dimension. By changing the 2D into 3D you can fully gain all the information needed to model the clay forms in actual depth and not just visual depth. The composition now not only now works in a linear drawn way but in an actual physical way. A range of depths of material in the piece will add shadow and the more that you build out the clay panel, the more tonal contrast you will eventually see. That is why the alto relievio is practically the whole figure seen in the round and is attached at very limited places. This obviously casts the most shadow and creates the most dramatic effect.
Using this basic composition the shapes are removed from the clay bed and modelled up into the Alto Rilievo.
When the clay has been completed, the Client is invited to see the clay or is sent images and approval is gained prior to starting the mould making process.
The clay-work is covered in rubber and a fibreglass 'jacket' is made to cover the rubber and give the rubber strength. Here the process separates into the methodology required for the chosen material for the final cast.
Complicated clay panels require a multiple-piece mould to be made which is a highly involved and skilled process | 816 |
Trust is hard for me. Not because I've been let down or burned by people I had once trusted, but because I like to think I don't have to trust people to begin with. I can keep everything inside, and do everything myself. I wish I could be a self-sufficient individual who doesn't need to rely on anyone or anything, but I am not, and it has been made very apparent to me this year.
I went at this past semester, Spring 2015, like I was a hot shot. It was my sixth semester of college, and I thought I knew what I was doing. I signed up for tough classes I was excited for, and continued to be involved on campus and planned<|fim_middle|>. I completed everything, and ended up making the Dean's List. And at the end of all of this, God blessed me with the opportunity to intern with Texas Baptists this summer! I have had the best summer, and things are looking great for me. I can confidently say that none of this was my doing, but God's. And as I enter into my last semester of college and prepare to enter full blown adulthood (which terrifies me by the way) I am confident in the Lord. My future is in His hands. | to use the semester to look and apply for a summer internship. Little did I know what else the semester would hold. I became sick several times, my family was plagued by vehicle accidents and a failing relationship left me feeling worthless. These things constantly affected my grades and my motivation. I rolled with the punches, barely scraping by, and I made it to the end of the semester bruised, battered and exhausted.
I remember thinking at the end of this, "I just need one thing to go right." And then I instantly realized I hadn't been trusting God. I wasn't relying on Him for anything! I thought I could handle everything, and I continued to think that until I was proven absolutely wrong.
So, I spent tons of time in prayer, admitting to God that I was prideful, but I knew that everything I set out to accomplish would only be made possible by Him. It was so hard to admit that! Letting go of the small amount of control I had proved to be difficult, but He instantly showed me that He is in control. He invented control! I don't know what would compel me to think I could do anything without the help of the One who created me – the One who created everything I know and everything I don't know.
I was instantly surrounded by the best people in my life. They loved on me and encouraged me, and it left me feeling motivated to complete the projects that had been beating me down | 293 |
Inside the S-Lab
Inside the Design Facility of One of the Biggest Brands in Outdoor Sports
July 24, 2017 Sports and Outdoors By Tanner Bowden Photo by Tanner Bowden
Just over an hour from the outdoor mecca of Chamonix-Mont Blanc lies the town of Annecy, France. While seemingly secondary to the more frequented destinations of Paris and Marseille, Annecy is decidedly French; the heart of town contains a maze of old streets and canals joined by bridges, bordered by churches and lined with vendors offering a range of cured meats and cheeses.
But look beyond the tropes of European tourism and you'll notice that the lake (known as the cleanest on the continent) is ripe for sailing, while the the mountain ridges are prime for hiking. It's no wonder that Francois Salomon and his son Georges chose the town as the base for a manufacturing business that would grow to become one of the most well-known and respected names in outdoor recreation in the world.
Salomon and son began their venture in 1947 with metal saw blades and ski edges machined just steps away from le Palais de l'Isle, a medieval castle that sits against the canals of Old Town. By 1972, Salomon became the world's leading manufacturer of alpine ski bindings. The decades that followed saw the<|fim_middle|>. | company launch itself into the business of alpine and nordic ski boots, skis, hiking footwear, apparel and running shoes. Along the way, Salomon moved its headquarters and design facility to the Metz-Tessy commune of Annecy, where it remains today.
It was within those walls that designers created products that both completely redefined sport (like the 1080 did for skiing) and those that continually improve upon tried and true concepts (the new, lightweight Sense Ride trail runners, for example). In the U.S., Salomon is one of those brands that is known and respected, but its story, compared to those of other big names like Patagonia or The North Face, isn't known well. You know Salomon skis and boots, you know its running and hiking shoes. But maybe you don't know that in 2002 it made a then-revolutionary surfboard blank called the S-Core. Or that up until the mid 2000s Salomon produced some of the most popular inline skates on the market. Or, finally, that Salomon's highly-specialized S/Lab collection is designed in close collaboration with the company's core athletes, including Kílian Jornet. Maybe it's time the veil of false secrecy was lifted, even if just a little.
All that's required is a trip to the Rhône-alpes region of France and a momentary look behind the doors of Salomon's immense design facility. It is a place where a designer might stitch a sports bra in the morning and fabricate a ski binding in the afternoon. A place where 20 iterations of a cycling jersey are created in order to shave 15 seconds off a one-hour time trial. A place where product-clad mannequins are maliciously outfitted with measurement devices and forced into ovens and freezers. A place where a pair of robots named Bea and Maurice weave custom running shoes in under five minutes. There are many things behind those doors that are forbidden from appearing in photographs. Here are some of the things that aren't | 431 |
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Gemstones Turquoise Rose Quartz Amethyst Amazonite Moonstone Labradorite
Amazonite in the Ilmensky Mountains, Russia
The world of gemstones simply wouldn't be what it is today without the gorgeously gentle stone of Amazonite. One of our favourites here at Monica Vinader, it is typically found with a blue-green shade that can range from pale to positively radiant, depending on where it is mined from - indeed, it has been sourced and adored in many countries<|fim_middle|> that the finest quality stones were sourced from these Russian mountains - quite how they were delivered from Russia to Egypt, however, remains a mystery!
In the 21st century, restrictions on the protected Ilmen Nature Reserve in this area, which is where the mountains lie, mean that the mining of gemstones is no longer allowed, but enough Amazonite has been extracted from the historically high-quality deposits there that it has established an almost unrivalled reputation amongst collectors and admirers alike.
As a relatively rare variety in the feldspar mineral group, which is contrastingly the most abundant in the earth's crust alongside quartz, it is widely considered that Amazonite from these Russian mountains is amongst the most desirable gemstones of the world. Its alluring blue-green appearance is enough to attract even the most passive of admirers of gemstone jewellery.
Where else is Amazonite sourced?
Whilst many people might believe the falsehood that Amazonite was first sourced in the Amazon River Basin itself, it can, in fact, be mined in its home country of Brazil - a number of mines exist in the eastern part of the country, along with rich deposits of other gemstones like Amethyst, Emerald and Sapphire.Other source countries include Canada, Madagascar, Libya and China, where it is highly sought after because of its resemblance to the beautiful mineral of Jade.
Amazonite is one of the rarer known gemstones, so it is highly prized by many people no matter where it was sourced from - it is undeniable, though, that Russian Amazonite is the most distinctive and striking in its rich green appearance.
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Despite having the kind of name that invokes distinctly South American images of vast river flows, the original source country of Amazonite is actually believed to be thousands of miles away in western Russia. It is here that a greener shade of Amazonite has been unearthed and spread around the world for thousands of years. Discover more about Russia's role in the story of how Amazonite became one of the finest gemstones of the world today in our guide.
The history of Amazonite in the Ilmensky Mountains, Russia
The world-famous Ilmensky Mountains can be found in the Chelyabinsk Oblast and the Southern Urals in western Russia. They have enjoyed the admiration of jewellery and gemstone enthusiasts all over the planet for centuries thanks to their rich deposits of semi-precious stones and metals. One of the most prominent gemstones to come out of this mountain range is the eternally stunning Amazonite. The semi-precious gemstone has been mined in great quantities from the area of Miass, which is approximately 50 miles south west of Chelyabinsk itself.
There is a unique geological significance to this part of the world - so much so that it was submitted for consideration as a UNESCO World Heritage site by the Russian Federation in 2008. It remains on the 'Tentative' list on that front, but there is no denying the surety of the quality of its Amazonite stones - they are regarded as the finest quality Amazonite gemstones in the world. They are found in igneous rocks called pegmatites, which are where many gemstones are naturally formed underground (Amazonite is joined by the likes of Topaz, Emerald and Aquamarine in this group) and the unique formations of such rocks are what make the area so fascinating to geologists.
Like with many gemstones, Amazonite was revered in Ancient Egypt because of its supposed ability to instil god-like confidence in its owners and it is believed | 403 |
Definitions for "ANSI C"
Keywords: language, american, institute, national,<|fim_middle|> portable code. | standard
Related Terms: Ansi standard, Ansi x12, Ansi, Asc x12, Ansi asc x12, American national standards institute, X12, Disa, A.n.s.i, Niso, International standard, Edia, International standards organization, International organization for standardization, Fips, Specification, De facto standard, Iso, Vics, Wins, Asa, Iso14001, Nist, Un/edifact, Edifact, Din, Institute of electrical and electronics engineers, International electrotechnical commission, Tradacoms, Open standards, Lisa , Iec, Institute of electrical and electronic engineers, Jis, National electric code, Asc, Ecma, Ucs, Astm, Eia, Bsi, Standards, Iso 9002, Iso 9000, Etsi, Standard library, Tia , Gagas, Csa
A international standard for the C programming language.
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A popular version of the C computer language approved by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
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American National Standards Institute standards for C language.
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An international standard for the C programming language.
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ANSI C is the standard published by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) for the C programming language. Software developers writing in C are encouraged to conform to the requirements in the document, as it encourages easily | 298 |
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Made in the USA, by Professional Craftsmen, with World Class Workmanship, and the Latest Styling. Each masterfully stitched and meticulously pattern matched by our experienced craftsmen. Our bedding features a common thread. It's called Craftsmanship. As a designer, it's important for you to work with people you can trust implicitly. Professionals who listen to your ideas, then transform your fabrics into exquisitely finished pieces. At The Quilting House, we offer the very best in Custom C.O.M. Bedding. With so many choices, it's easy to let your imagination run wild.
Due to the variance of down comforters, please measure your existing insert for accurate sizing.
A Duvet cover is made for an existing comforter. Down comforter inserts are made to be used as bedding, not decorative, and may vary in size. They may not cover your mattress like a coverlet would, so please check for sufficient drop. An exact size is required to manufacture a well fitted duvet cover. We can add ties to the inside corners to help hold the comforter in place. The standard closure is with a zipper. We can also make them with fabric buttons, clear plastic buttons, or if you supply us with decorative buttons. The closure placement is standard at the head of the bed, but you can specify it to be at the foot, sides or even set down with a flap.
The bottom edge can have a variety of finishes. The simplest finish is to have a simple knife edge. Another popular option is to add a bottom welt (sizes range from ¼", ½", or 1"). Other options included, rope, fringe, gimp, banding | 501 |
Nature's Rite, a health and wellness company offering unique herbal remedies, has potentially the athletic world's best-kept secret in its Bruise-Strain-Tear Repair™. The maximum-strength herbal remedy is specifically designed to enhance the healing of soft-tissue damage like bruises and tendon or ligament tears.
Nature's Rite, a health and wellness company offering unique herbal remedies, might just have the athletic world's best-kept secret in its Bruise-Strain-Tear Repair™.
The maximum-strength herbal remedy is specifically designed to enhance the healing of soft-tissue damage like bruises and tendon or ligament tears. Bruise-Strain-Tear Repair™, in its early stages of development, actually was field tested on a true athlete — a horse.
So Frank made a concoction, what he called "tendon rescue" back then, and his friend applied it to the horse's leg three times a day. After a month the horse was moving around quite well<|fim_middle|>, white willow bark for pain relief, witch hazel to relax muscle fibers and increase flexibility, rosemary and thyme to increase circulation, arnica Montana for support of healing and peppermint leaf for cooling and soothing without the burn of menthol. | . After two months cooped up in a pasture, she started getting antsy.
Clinical trials followed and the recipe was finalized, consisting of comfrey and plantain for tissue mending | 37 |
If you love city skylines then this run is definitely for you. You'll run along Lake Ontario and enjoy nature's tranquility as you take in the views of the Toronto Island, Billy Bishop airport and Toronto city!
The run will take you to the west end of the city towards Fort York, a National Historic site, where you'll get to see the grounds of the old military base built to defend the settlement back in the late 18th century. You'll also pass some of the up and coming neighborhoods where you'll see the modern glass architecture that characterizes Toronto. At the waterfront, the route will take you along the Martin Goodman trail, a popular route for cyclists to commute in and out of the city from the neighbouring suburbs.
The trail branches off towards Ontario Place and you can expect to see the Budweiser stage and Echo beach, both of which<|fim_middle|>. The trails are away from the hustle and bustle of the city and will make you forget you are so close to a busy metropolitan. | are popular outdoor concert venues during the summer. You'll also see the BMO Field, Toronto Football club's arena.
Ontario Place is a multi use park consisting of a cinema, park and also marina. From here, views of the city we've left behind are stunning and you'll also have great views of the city of Mississauga in the distance | 73 |
Sunvil offer a charming collection of characterful properties including small hotels, fincas and paradors and four intriguing<|fim_middle|>a; and the coastal towns of Los Cãnos de Meca and Tarifa – you will not be disappointed.
The province of Cadiz, in southwest Spain, is liberally sprinkled with 'Frontier' towns, whose roots date from Islamic times. With narrow, cobbled streets, historic buildings and white washed houses, these old towns were established by the Christians many centuries ago to defend Spain from the Moors. | itineraries in Andalucía. City breaks and multi-centre holidays are easily arranged. All our holidays are secured via ATOL and ABTA, and we take full responsibility for all arrangements.
Andalucía, the southern region of Spain that shares a border with Portugal, has a diverse landscape comprising of fabulous beaches along the Costa de la Luz and Costa del Sol; the Tabernas Desert - Europe's driest region; the Sierra Nevada - Spain's tallest mountain range; and Parque Nacional Coto de Doñana - Spain's largest and most important nature reserve. Then, of course, there is the cultural heritage, amazing monuments and palaces and great food.
Known, above all, for the Moorish Alhambra Palace in Granada, there are many other cultural cities to admire including Seville, the region's capital and Córdoba, each one claiming extraordinary and beautiful monuments. These cities, of course, have become major tourist attractions, so it is also worth heading off the beaten track to visit some of the smaller less touristy towns and villages which will give you a better feel for the landscape of Andalucia.
Visit the stark white villages of Grazalema, Ubriquer and Zahara de la Sierra; the frontier towns of Vejer de la Frontera and Jerez de la Frontera; the renaissance towns of Baeza, Osuna and Ubeda; Moorish Carmon | 295 |
<|fim_middle|> and Pasadena.
"None of us live in the 'Get Down' anymore, but it'll always be home," Hill said.
"Plus, our parents still live here, and they make us visit," Kelley joked.
Kelley is a graduate of the University of Texas at Austin and has lived in Fort Worth for almost 15 years, and works at Cook Children's Medical Center. Hill graduated from the University of Houston and has lived in Fort Worth for five years.
They will be signing books from 3 p.m. to 6 p.m. | https://www.chron.com/neighborhood/pasadena/news/article/Local-girlz-get-away-to-first-book-signing-9541117.php
Local "girlz" get away to first book signing
Published 11:07 am CDT, Friday, June 8, 2012
Pasadena's own Johnell Kelley and Robbyn Hill, writing as Joan Rylen, will launch their first book, Getaway Girlz, Saturday, June 9, at The Don'Key Mexican Food restaurant on Spencer Highway.
The pair, friends since kindergarten, recount their vacation escapades with artistic license and flair. The first book in the series finds four friends on a trip to Playa Del Carmen, Mexico. When Vivian becomes the prime suspect in a murder investigation, the four set out to find the real villain and prevent Vivian from being a broad, locked up abroad.
Kelley and Hill grew up in Pasadena, along with the other two friend "inspirations" in the book, Angela Wenk and Lea Bass. All four girls graduated from Sam Rayburn High School in 1992. They were all in Rayburn's Mighty Texan Band and credit the "band glue" for helping them stick together all this time.
Even though the girlz don't make the Houston area home today, readers will recognize numerous "steamy" times that could only have happened in Houston | 295 |
Wasting No Time: President Biden Signs Record Number of Executive Orders
Victoria Okula, Government Relations Manager
Elections And Politics
In the first week of his Presidency, President Biden has signed more executive orders than any past president. The President's first actions also include an array of memorandums, proclamations, and introduction of new legislation.
Regulatory Freeze:
One of<|fim_middle|>2022 Priority Issues | the first actions taken by President Biden was issuing a memorandum freezing federal agency rulemakings. Under this memo, agencies are not to propose or issue any rule until a department or agency head - appointed by President Biden - approves the rule (exceptions can be made for emergency situations). For rules that have not yet taken effect, agencies are advised to consider postponing the rules' effective dates and opening a new comment period to further evaluate the rules. This action will result in reconsideration of a wide variety of rules proposed or issued in the final days of the Trump administration. In fact, the Department of Labor (DOL) withdrew the DOL Final Rule on Temporary Agricultural Employment of H-2A Nonimmigrants in the United States, which was posted days before President Biden's inauguration and pending publication in the Federal Register.
Worker Safety and Climate Change:
Amongst the first Executive Order (EO) signed by the President was "Protecting Worker Health and Safety" during the pandemic. The order calls for considering whether emergency temporary standards on COVID-19 are necessary. It also calls for the review of the enforcement efforts of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) related to COVID-19 and identifying changes that could be made to better protect workers. The order establishes an outreach campaign to inform workers and their representatives of their rights under applicable law, and includes engagement with labor unions, community organizations, and industries, and places a special emphasis on those communities impacted by the pandemic.
The latest EO, signed by the President on January 27, pauses new oil and gas leasing on public lands or offshore waters, seeks to more than double the amount of land conserved in the U.S. and looks to involve the agriculture sector in the federal government's efforts. The order commits to a goal of conserving at least 30 percent of lands and oceans by 2030 and directs the Secretary of Agriculture to collect input from farmers, ranchers, and other stakeholders on how to use federal programs to encourage adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices. Click here to read American Farm Bureau President Zippy Duvall's comment on the executive order.
The Arizona Farm Bureau Federation has been actively monitoring the actions of the Administration and communicating with Arizona's Congressional Delegation. For questions, email advocacy@azfb.org.
YF&R Trap Shoot in Tucson, AZ
Arizona Farm Bureau Establishes its | 483 |
Architecture Timeline
Feature Interview
147 Custodians of the Game
Best Of Golf
St. George's Golf & Country Club
On one side of a busy thoroughfare is the St. George's course. This side is a dry county. On the other side, a clubhouse, this time located in a county that is not dry. Right away, you know this is a smart club and that wisdom manifested itself in whom they hired to design their course.
Stanley Thompson was coming off great success at Jasper Park and Banff Springs. Upon Banff's opening in 1929, it was widely acknowledged among the world's best. Canadian Pacific Railway, who had footed the bill for what was then most expensive course ever built, was delighted with Thompson and hired him again to design St. George's (known at the time as the Royal York Golf Club). It was a perfect match from the start: an architect at the height of<|fim_middle|>ton Highlands Links Pg. III
Devil's Paintbrush and Pulpit
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Jasper Park
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© GCA. 1999 - 2020 | his powers was given a scintillating piece of property with the perfect amount of roll for a golf course.
Stanley Thompson used the valleys and ridges that dominant to full advantage – no mean feat given that if he made a misstep, the course could end up fighting the terrain. As it is (and as usual), Thompson got it right and one of the tricks to the course is placing the ball to avoid the sidehill, downhill and uphill lies. How to do this most efficiently won't be evident on your first few rounds, but what great course doesn't take (and deserve) time to get to know her?
In 1967, St. George's hired Robbie Robinson, who had worked and studied under Thompson, to prepare the course for the 1968 Canadian Open. Among other things, he relocated the greens on the par five 4th and 15th holes to their present majestic locations. Though these two greens seem disproportionately big compared to Thompson's original ones, they are full of character and their location on top of hills makes those two holes.
The authors toyed around with doing A Holes Not to Note section for St. George's, as that would be far shorter. Not one hole is over indifferent land and with the exception of the 9th, not one green lacks appeal. Still, we have confined it to the holes below.
Holes to Note:
Second hole, 450 yards; This hole symbolizes the appeal of the two shot holes at St. George's. There is plenty of room off the tee, even though the artistic fairway bunker on the left is near the ideal spot that opens up the long, narrow green. The green complex has four uniquely shaped bunkers, the type that only Thompson built and that characterize his courses. Finally, the green itself has a knoll front right and back left, creating numerous hole locations. The green is not overtly dramatic, but my word, it is full of interest.
The twisting fairway that leads to the 4th green.
Fourth hole, 475 yards; Another in a long line of examples here of ingeniously routing a hole through a valley. A big drive brings the green into reach. However, anything less than ideal and the second shot must slot in between a fairway bunker on the left and two more further down on the right. Once past the 150-yard mark, the hillside on either side of the snaking fairway is covered in tall, unkempt grass, giving this hole some teeth should the golfer stray.
continued >>>
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Are you seeking a position with a family-friendly company that works with you to develop your potential to advance in your career? Then consider joining the Garden Spot team!
A River Valley Holdings company since 2017, Garden Spot Foods was founded in 1984 as a niche wholesale distributor of organic, gluten free, and specialty food products. Today we service natural food retailers throughout the United States, with a particular emphasis in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic. We also provide web fulfillment for a number<|fim_middle|>, including warehouse specialists, inside and outside sales reps, and drivers for our fleet of trucks.
All interested applicants are encouraged to apply online for jobs. | of online retailers. Garden Spot specializes in working with new, innovative brands and has a strong history of introducing start-ups to the natural and specialty-diet retail marketplace. We also package and distribute an extensive selection of organic and all natural products under our two in-house labels, Shiloh Farms and PureLiving.
Located in New Holland, PA, Garden Spot's facility includes a 20,000 sq. foot refrigerated warehouse and 5,000 sq. feet of office space. We employ about 40 people | 109 |
How to Win Elections from the Ground Up
by Robert Borosage | Aug 17, 2018 | Blog | 0 comments
Mainstream media has settled into conventional themes about this year's primary elections. After Tuesday's voting in Wisconsin, Iowa, Vermont and Connecticut, the press trotted out the expected conclusions: "Democrats go for diversity; Republicans pick pro Trump candidates" trumpeted one headline from Salon.
Midwest Democrats' answer to Trump, Politico declared, is "white, conventional and boring." According to analysts at 585, these primaries told us what we already knew - Democratic turnout is up, Trump is remaking the Republican Party, and control of the House is still in play.
Here's the big story the mainstream media missed. Focusing solely on the top line – gubernatorial, Senate and House races - misses the critical story of these primaries: Progressive populists are beginning to build for real power, starting from the ground up.
Diversity Counts
Observers are right to highlight the growing diversity evident in the current crop of Democratic candidates, and that it contributes to their success. Vermont Democrats nominated Christine Hallquist, the first transgender candidate to run for governor. The upset victory of Jahana Hayes, the 2016 national teacher of the year, in Connecticut's fifth congressional district, could result in the first African American to represent her state in Congress.
The victory of Ilhan Omar in Minnesota's fifth district sets her up to be the first Somali American in Congress, joining Rashida Tlaib from Michigan as the first Muslim women in Congress.
This headline emphasis on diversity, however, ignores the substance of these candidates. They not only represent a new diversity, for the most part they ran championing a bold progressive reform agenda. Salon noted that Hallquist ran on what was described as the "standard fare" for Democrats: $15.00 minimum wage, Medicare for All, Tuition Free Higher Education, public investment in high end broadband and renewable energy.
Hayes upset the favored candidate by running on a progressive agenda including moving to a single-payer health care system, a living wage for all workers, public education and strong gun reform. Ilhan Omar calls for Medicare for All, the $15.00 minimum wage and empowering workers.
That these issues are now "standard fare" for Democratic candidates represents the remarkable impact the Bernie Sanders agenda has made on the debate. Every congressional candidate endorsed by the Congressional Progressive Caucus won their primaries on Tuesday.
Look Down the Ballot
The media's understandable focus on the top of the ticket – congressional and gubernatorial races – slights the sea change that is taking place down the ballot. The media does report on the remarkable surge of women running and winning across the ticket, but too often ignores the fact that it is in down-ballot races that the new progressive insurgency is making its greatest headway.
As Robert Kraig, director of Citizen Action of Wisconsin, an affiliate of the national People's Action, points out, progressives won remarkable victories on Tuesday all across his state. This is evidence of Citizen Action's deep and grounded commitment to recruiting and running credible progressives at every level of state government.
Mandela Barnes, a board member of Citizen Action and member of one of its organizing "co-ops," is poised to become the first African-American Lieutenant Governor, after capturing more than two-thirds of the vote. Marisabel Cabrera, an immigration attorney and member of the CAWI Acción Ciudadana Coop, upset an entrenched incumbent in a working-class district on the southside of Milwaukee, to move towards becoming the second Latina and an outspoken LGBTQ member the Democratic state assembly caucus. Jeff Smith, a rural populist taking on Big Ag, beat the Democratic establishment's candidate to win the nomination for the state senate.
In all, 16 members of Wisconsin Citizen Action co-ops are on the ballot for the state legislature in November, and Citizen Action Co-op member Randy "Iron Stache" Bryce is running for Paul Ryan's seat in the House.
This comes after 49 members were elected in the spring to a range of county and local offices – mayors, city and county councils. And given what Kraig calls the "endless levels of local government" stemming from Wisconsin's progressive history, "we're just getting started."
The emphasis on local offices reflects a strategic choice, the fruit of Citizen Action Wisconsin's long game: an eight-year strategy to take back power in the state. In Wisconsin – as is true across the country – Democratic routs left the party without a deep bench, a farm system of elected officials who were prepared to run for higher office.
As progressives now move to fill this void, they face "huge capacity questions." They have no choice but to choose leverage points. Winning the nomination for Governor this time, for example, was, Kraig believes, "a bridge too far," but Mandela Barnes' run for Lt. Governor not only drives the challenge to notorious Governor Scott Walker, but could set this young, dynamic true progressive up to lead the state in the future.
Ground Game
Electoral politics aren't easy. Big money dominates both parties<|fim_middle|> education from preschool through college or advanced training), health care (moving to Medicare for All), a just sustainable economy (including a $15 minimum wage, worker empowerment, investment in areas vital to workers from day care to mass transit, and the transition to a "low carbon economy), criminal justice reform (an end to mass incarceration, focus on restorative justice). The platform lays out broad goals and specific bold reforms in each area.
Citizen Action WI grills all perspective candidates on their commitment to this platform. The detailed reforms make it harder for candidates simply to nod and move on. The process helps identify true progressive champions ready to make the case in their campaigns.
Democracy Is Tough
Different state affiliates of People's Action are experimenting with versions of this same model. Wisconsin is the most advanced, but Kraig is a realist. "Democracy is tough," he noted in an interview. Developing a sustainable model for low-dollar politics that can win at state and local levels isn't easy.
Bernie Sanders showed it could be done at the national level, but that model – a charismatic candidate gaining national attention and fueling a campaign on small donations – isn't available for city council or state senate races.
Worse, liberal donors tend to pile into high visibility races, and are often reluctant to invest in building permanent capacity on the ground. "We've proven that you can create co-ops that are almost – but not completely –self-sustaining," Kraig says.
The permanent capacity is far more effective in recruiting candidates and building true grassroots campaigns. Kraig now looks to see if the co-ops can capture some of the money and the "flex capacity" that gets build during campaigns, so the campaigns expand the membership and volunteers that stay active after the election is over.
A New Progressive Populism
A new progressive populism is moving in Wisconsin and other states – but it has only just begun. Kraig thinks there is a decent chance to take the state senate this year, even though that requires victories in some very conservative districts. Governor Walker is vulnerable, although the establishment candidate who won the Democratic nomination for Governor, the former education commissioner, will need some urging to adopt the progressive positions that many voters in his state now demand.
This is what is missing in national reporting on primaries, with its focus on congressional and gubernatorial races. What's going on in Wisconsin exemplifies the stirring that is taking place at the local and state level across the country.
Populist progressives are slowly remaking the Democratic Party. They are driving the agenda nationally. They are electing true champions in blue districts at the national level, and, importantly, beginning to run and win at the state and local level, building the movement for local reform and a deep bench for change in the future. | . Hit-and-run campaigns are the norm, with campaign operations built on the run and then packed up after the campaign, whether successful or not. Consultant gunslingers define message and strategy. The main thing candidates are expected to do is to raise the necessary dough. Even when candidates are aided by progressive movements or organization, they seldom feel or remain accountable once elected.
This is where the ground game of Citizen Action Wisconsin, TakeAction Minnesota, Rights and Democracy in Vermont and other People's Action affiliates truly shines.
In Walker's Wisconsin, this corruption of democracy has reached new extremes. Deregulation of campaign finance allows deep pockets and corporations to dominate funding. Independent expenditure groups can work directly with campaigns. The Koch network made Walker and Wisconsin the test case of its big money right-wing clout. Worse, after the recall election against Walker failed, less outside money came in on the liberal side.
Wisconsin Citizen Action and its peers are challenging this entire electoral mockery. It supports organizers to create membership organizations – "co-ops" – particularly in key rural and small city areas outside of deep blue Madison. The co-ops sustain permanent organizers on the ground, building a cadre of volunteers.
This permanent presence makes it easier to identify and recruit true progressive champions, often from their own membership. The co-op then helps run true grassroots campaigns. The impact of door-to-door canvassing, Kraig notes, is entirely different when it is done by local volunteers rather than by paid canvassers hastily assembled for an election. The relationships formed in the election help build the coop which stays in place not only to build greater power, but to keep the officials they help to elect accountable.
To hold candidates accountable, Citizen Action WI went through an arduous – sometimes painful –process of creating a detailed eight-year reform agenda – The Rise Up Platform, From Protest to Power, inspired by the People's Action national platform which was introduced at the group's founding convention in Washington, D.C. in April of 2016.
Key reform areas include education (free public | 414 |
Top tier drift team Papadakis Racing and Fredric Aasbø suprised the global drift scene by debuting the brand new Rockstar Energy Drink Nexen Tire Toyota Corolla iM at the 2017 Formula Drift season opener in Long Beach, California. Read the full press release below:
Strong debut outing Rockstar Energy Drink / Nexen Tire Toyota Corolla iM
Fredric Aasbo fifth in Long Beach
LONG BEACH, California (April 2, 2017) — The Rockstar Energy Drink / Nexen Tire Toyota Corolla iM showed winning potential in its Formula Drift debut this weekend in Long Beach. Driver Fredric Aasbo scored a solid fifth-place finish in his first outing with the brand new car.
"We qualified well and I felt like the Rockstar Energy Drink / Nexen Tire Toyota Corolla iM was a match for anything out there," said driver Aasbo. "The Papadakis Racing team has built another winner and I can't wait to get back behind the wheel at the end of the month in Orlando."
Toyota unveiled the vehicle less than a week ago at the NASCAR race at Auto Club Speedway in nearby Fontana, California. The Rockstar Energy Drink / Nexen Tire Toyota Corolla iM is a rear-wheel-drive converted hatchback that produces 1,000 nitrous-boosted horsepower from a Toyota 2AR engine.
The Formula Drift season opener in Long Beach saw plenty of upsets, with a pair of first-timers in the final head-to-head match of the day, and several surprise eliminations in early rounds. But Aasbo showed himself to be a contender from his first competition run.
"We've got a package with winning potential right out of the gate," said team owner Stephan Papadakis. "We would have loved to take a podium right away in the new car, but we know what we have to do and it's all about making refinements at this point. We're going to come back swinging at the next round with a car that we know is capable of taking this championship."
Aasbo qualified fourth and earned a bye into the Top 16, where he advanced past Latvian Kristaps Bluss. In the quarterfinal round, he met Alex Heilbrunn. Judges deemed their exciting head-to-had battle too close to call, and initiated a One-More-Time rematch.
As the higher qualifier, Aasbo led first in the rematch and he put in a confident performance to take the early advantage. The duo swapped places for the second half of the battle, with Aasbo giving chase. As he was reeling in his rival, the clutch slipped and he briefly lost the line. He recovered quickly to resume the fight but the stumble was enough to cost him the match and it was Heilbrunn who advanced to the next round.
Team owner Papadakis said the team has a clutch upgrade on standby and plans to move to a four-disc setup for the next round.
"The three-disc clutch has some performance advantages when it comes to drivability but it just wasn't up to the power we threw at it this<|fim_middle|> (www.torcousa.com); BorgWarner (www.borgwarner.com); CTEK (www.ctek.com); Berk Technology (www.berktechnology.com); AEM Induction (www.aemintakes.com); Alcon Brakes (www.alconusa.com) | weekend," said Papadakis. "Our new clutch will be able to handle the 1,000 horsepower we're making out of this 2AR-FE engine."
The Formula Drift season opened for the 12th year in a row on one of the most challenging tracks in the series. Drivers threaded the needle between intimidating track walls, sliding at 90-plus miles per hour through Turns 9, 10 and 11 of the Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach street course. The event is an annual sell out that sees enthusiastic fans pack into the venue, overflowing grandstands and crowding into the vendor display and pit areas during scheduled breaks in the action.
Drifting is a high-skill, high-powered motorsport with an emphasis on car control. Drivers compete in knockout heats on a closed course, sliding sideways in trials judged on speed and style. With origins in Japan, it is one of the fastest growing forms of motorsport in the world.
ABOUT FREDRIC AASBO:
Known for his flat-out style, Champion driver Fredric Aasbo has achieved 100-plus podium finishes on three continents over the past decade of competition. He returns to Formula Drift in 2017 for a full season. He finished second in the championship points last year.
In 2015, he scored four U.S. wins en route to the Formula Drift championship title and now holds the series record for most wins scored by a driver in a single season. Popular with fans, he was named "Fan Favorite of the Year" three years in a row (2012-2014).
Aasbo made his U.S. debut at a global drifting invitational in 2008 and turned heads as the winner of the 2010 Formula Drift Rookie of the Year title. Since then, he has charged through the drifting ranks around the world and is both a fan favorite and championship winner.
Originally from Ski, Norway, Aasbo now splits his time between his native country and Southern California. He campaigns a full international season, with competition stops in the USA, Canada, Europe, and Asia.
ABOUT PAPADAKIS RACING:
The Papadakis Racing team began drifting in 2004 and is the most winning team in Formula Drift history, earning the 2015 title with driver Fredric Aasbo, as well as back-to-back championship titles with driver Tanner Foust in 2007 and 2008. The Rockstar Energy Drink / Nexen Tire Toyota Corolla iM is the latest competition build from the Hawthorne, Calif., based team.
Team owner Stephan Papadakis is a legend of sport-compact racing who began building his reputation in the 1990s with the first front-wheel-drive, tube-chassis drag car in the U.S. The team earned multiple records and championships in the discipline, turning in elapsed times and trap speeds previously thought unattainable in front-drive drag cars. Papadakis' successes in front-wheel drive were matched by his efforts in rear-wheel drive when he campaigned a Civic that became only the fifth car to join the NHRA's Sport Compact 200 MPH club.
PAPADAKIS RACING IS PARTNERED WITH: Rockstar Energy Drink (www.rockstarenergy.com); Nexen Tire (www.nexentireusa.com); Toyota (www.toyota.com); TRD (www.trdusa.com), Motegi Racing Wheels (www.motegiracing.com); AEM Electronics (www.aemelectronics.com); SPC Performance (www.spcperformance.com); Gatebil Event (www.gatebil.no) RS-R (www.rs-r.com); Torco Advanced Lubricants | 785 |
The Milk Carton Kids with Vera Sola
Tickets: $25.<|fim_middle|> palette," says Ryan. "It was liberating to know we wouldn't have to be able to carry every song with just our two guitars."
Ride the FREE HOP 2 Chautauqua shuttle to this show! Click here for more info.
This event is co-produced in collaboration with Z2 Entertainment. Stay updated on all events from Z2, including events at the Boulder Theater and Fox Theatre, by signing up for their newsletter here.
*All ticket purchases subject to service fees. | 00 - $40.00 ($22.00 - $37.00 Concert Member)*
Waltzing into disaster and its aftermath, The Milk Carton Kids' "All the Things That I Did and All the Things That I Didn't Do" arrives from ANTI- Records on June 29. The new project marks the first time that acoustic duo Joey Ryan and Kenneth Pattengale have brought a band into the studio with them. "We wanted to do something new," Pattengale says. "We had been going around the country yet another time to do the duo show, going to the places we'd been before. There arose some sort of need for change."
"Musically we knew we were going to make the record with a bigger sonic | 161 |
Energized by those<|fim_middle|> | ideas and stumped by the fact that so few seem to be doing big data right, Metametrix developed our own, proprietary way to take in the world and help foster innovation. We call our proprietary combination of advanced data collection, natural language processing and rigorous study of the world cultural analytics.
It's cultural analytics that makes the data sing. Using our proprietary approach, we lead clients to find better insights, explore bigger opportunities and make business decisions that drive more change. We developed this solution to spark data into big ideas for researchers, strategists and decision-makers bridge the gap between big data and big business decisions.
We call our proprietary process cultural analytics. And we use that process to go beyond simple social listening tools or conventional data-crunching software. With cultural analytics, our clients see the values behind consumer behavior, the how behind consumer trends, and the unexpected opportunities for their business.
Launched in 2015, Metametrix is based in Minneapolis, Minnesota. | 199 |
The biggest risk all of you face as you try to make it in the business world is that you buy into the massive hype of the entrepreneurial craze and think running a successful company is like falling off a log. It's not. It's really, really challenging.
While the best way to learn the ropes is through experience, another way is to understand what works and doesn't work in the real business world. In 2015, this is what didn't work and the ten entrepreneurs responsible. Pay attention. There are powerful lessons to be learned.
10. Ryan Grepper, founder and CEO, Coolest.
The Coolest Cooler inventor raised over $13 million to become the second-biggest Kickstarter campaign ever. That was the end of 2014. Today, Coolest is selling coolers on Amazon ahead of fulfilling commitments to its backers in order to "keep the lights on." The<|fim_middle|> a planned IPO, the narcissistic serial entrepreneur is back in the news with a new assault arrest, a gender discrimination and harassment suit, and allegations of epic pill-popping. Need I say more?
2. Maren Kate Donovan, former CEO, Zirtual.
This high-flying virtual assistant startup was doing great until it tried to convert hundreds of contract workers to full-time employees. Then it crashed and burned. Sadly, that fate was preventable. If I've said it once I've said it a thousand times: the number one reason businesses fail is that they run out of cash. Every CEO must viscerally understand business and finance. Period.
1. Elizabeth Holmes, founder and CEO, Theranos.
The iconic Holmes dropped out of Stanford at 19 to disrupt the $76 billion laboratory diagnostic industry. She raised $400 million at a whopping $9 billion valuation and made an enormous PR splash after a decade in stealth mode. Then The Wall Street Journal broke a story questioning the efficacy and accuracy of the technology and Holmes has since been under fire. Looks like a major case of overhype and under-deliver to me.
These 10 stories represent some of the most common pitfalls that entrepreneurs face. And if you follow the links, you'll learn more. I think the most important takeaway is this: with rare exception, these are all very smart and very capable people. That's just how hard it is to build a successful growing business over the long haul. Never underestimate the challenge.
Related: Are You Living Your Life or Someone Else's? | good news is the product exists. The bad news is the reviews are dismal, with 28 percent giving it just "1 star," mostly due to poor product quality and support. So not cool.
9. Sean Rad, founder and CEO, Tinder.
He's in, he's out, he's in again, and he should be out again. Following in the footsteps of American Apparel's Dov Charney, Abercrombie's Michael Jeffries, and Lululemon's Chip Wilson, Rad has some real issues, not to mention a serious case of foot-in-mouth disease that will continue to plague parent IAC's Match Group, especially now that it's a public company.
8. 50 Cent, rapper and entrepreneur.
Curtis James Jackson III, aka 50 Cent, made a fortune on a record label, on a clothing line, and as an actor. Then he reportedly made $100 million from an investment in a vitamin water company that was acquired by Coca-Cola. Last year, he filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. What went wrong? Lack of fiscal responsibility, i.e., he overspent. He's not really broke, mind you, but using the courts to stiff creditors for $28 million is pretty low-class, if you ask me.
7. Ivan Reedman, co-founder and CEO, Torquing Group.
Less than a year after raising more than $3.4 million – a record for a European Kickstarter project – the Zano drone maker filed for "voluntary liquidation," aka bankruptcy, stranding all but a few hundred of its 15,000 funders without the Zanos they'd purchased. Personally, I think anyone who backs high-risk projects like this is asking for trouble, but that's just me.
6. Dan Price, founding CEO, Gravity Payments.
Price suddenly decided to raise the minimum annual salary at his 120-person credit-card-processing company to $70,000 over a three-year period. The story went viral, but that doesn't mean it'll work. Leveling the playing field removes incentives for managers and the enormous payroll increase may very well bankrupt the company. To make matters worse, Bloomberg recently revealed that Price's motivation may not have been as altruistic as he made it out to be.
5. Ellen Pao, former interim CEO, Reddit.
Pao's reign as interim chief of the popular social site was mercifully brief. In eight months, she was successful at just one thing: demonstrating a complete lack of understanding of the site and alienating just about the entire Reddit community. As with her controversial tenure at Silicon Valley venture firm Kleiner, Pao needs to learn that business is not about her, but about serving her stakeholders.
4. Tony Hsieh, founder and CEO, Zappos.
After growing the online retailer to $1 billion and selling it to Amazon, Hsieh has been experimenting with wacky management structures. Last year he transitioned to a controversial new organizational system with no managers or titles known as Holacracy. About 14 percent of the company quit and the rest are still trying to figure out what their pay and jobs are. It's sort of nuts.
3. Gurbaksh Chahal, founder and CEO, Gravity4.
After pleading guilty to two domestic-violence charges, self-destructing in spectacular fashion, and getting fired by the board of ad-tech company RadiumOne on the eve of | 715 |
June 2016Past IssuesSupply Chain and Logistics
Genesee Valley Transportation Company, Inc.
A quarter-century of progress serving the northeast
Business View Magazine profiles Genesee Valley Transportation Company, Inc. , a 300-mile, regional rail system in New York and Pennsylvania
Since 1853, trains on the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad carried passengers and freight between Buffalo, New York, and Hoboken, New Jersey, with spurs to Oswego, Utica, Syracuse, and the anthracite coal fields of Pennsylvania. David Monte Verde grew up in Dansville, New York, a small town in the Genesee Valley, on the Lackawanna mainline. He says that, as a young boy, he became attached to the railroad that ran through his hometown in the western part of the state. "I had an uncle who worked for the railroad and my father had a taxi and limousine service that serviced the passenger trains," he remembers. "It became my favorite railroad." Little did that young boy know that, a few decades later, he would actually be running the very railroad he so adored.
While the Lackawanna had been a profitable railroad for many years, by the middle of the last century, it was in decline. Loss of passenger traffic, the waning of Pennsylvania's coal industry, and several natural disasters which destroyed tracks and materiel, severely cut into the railroad's revenue leading to a 1960 merger with its rival Erie RR, and then inclusion in Conrail in 1976. In the mid-1980's Conrail, which was also facing economic hardships, began selling off its low density lines and equipment.
In 1985, Monte Verde and his business partners Mike Thomas, John Herbrand, and Chuck Riedmiller formed the Genesee Valley Transportation Company, Inc. (GVT), to purchase some of Conrail's castoffs. "This group of friends got together and we formed a company and bought our first locomotive from Conrail," Monte Verde says. "We leased it out to the Rochester & Southern Railroad; then we bought some more locomotives and we were buying and selling boxcars, coaches, and cabooses. At one point, we had four locomotives all out on lease."
"In 1989, an opportunity came along, and we moved on from dealing in trains to running a railroad," Monte Verde continues. "There was a little three mile railroad that Conrail was the designated operator for on part of the old Delaware, Lackawanna mainline into Buffalo, and they had stopped service on it. So, we put a proposal in to operate that." At the time, the line was owned by Erie County which ultimately decided to grant the lease to the Group's new subsidiary, the Depew, Lancaster & Western Railroad. "We brought one of our locomotives over there, but there were very few carloads available to us," he says. "ConAgra had a flour mill on the waterfront that was being switched by Conrail and they wanted some service. We won that contract and we got into that business. And it grew from there."
The next year, Genesee Valley Transportation Company bought the Lowville & Beaver River Railroad (L&BR) in New York's Adirondack Mountains region. In 1991, it expanded again when it acquired another 124 miles of former Conrail trackage. "Sixty percent of the revenues on that railroad were consumed by New York state property taxes," Monte Verde explains. "It didn't allow anything for labor, maintenance, and upkeep and it was a big losing issue for them. So we purchased what became the Mohawk, Adirondack & Northern running out of Utica and up in the Adirondacks." The MA&N operates in the foothills of the Adirondack Mountains with terminals in Utica, Carthage, and Lowville, New York, where it connects with the L&BR.
In 1993, Genesee Valley Transportation Company was presented with its first opportunity to operate outside New York State when the company was the successful bidder to run the Lackawanna County Rail Authority's rail lines in the industrial areas of Lackawanna and Monroe counties near Scranton, Pennsylvania. GVT's Delaware-Lackawanna Railroad (DL) began serving this region in August of 1993, and now operates over 100 miles of trackage north and east from the Scranton terminal, into the Pocono Mountains and on into the Delaware Water Gap. Finally, it 1996, Genesee Valley Transportation Company incorporated the Falls Road Railroad (FRR) to acquire more Conrail track and now operates a forty-five mile rail line from Lockport to Brockport, New York. GVT's Class 1 interchange partners are CSX Transportation (MA&N, FRR, and DL&W), Norfolk Southern (DL and DL&W) and Canadian Pacific (DL).
Today, GVT has grown from its original three miles of track to four rail lines with 318 miles of track, 32 locomotives, 8 terminals, and 68 employees. The company hauls about 14,000 carloads of freight a year for more than 75 clients throughout New York and Pennsylvania. The system handles a large variety of commodities including grain, forest products, paper, plastic, clay, steel, petroleum and fuel products, chemicals, coal ash, olive oils, fertilizer, finished products, and more.
According to Monte Verde, some of Genesee Valley Transportation Company's biggest customers include: "a Cargill flour mill in Mt. Pocono, Pennsylvania – we do about 4,000 cars of wheat there; we have an ethanol plant in Medina, New York, called Western New York Energy – we bring corn into there for processing. We have a lumber treatment plant in the Poconos – we bring southern yellow pine and they pressure treat it and ship it out by truck to all of the 'big box stores.' We have a large propane dealer in the Poconos that we deal with. One of our interesting customers – we do about 1,000 cars in Rome, New York – is Sovena, an olive oil company. They bring boatloads of olive oil into New Jersey, they tank car it up to Rome. They have a $187 million, state-of-the-art facility for bottling and processing olive oil."
In addition, Genesee Valley Transportation Company operates a small, five-mile railroad in Batavia, New York adjacent to its own 22,000 square foot, rail and truck Batavia Transload Warehouse, built in 2009 to accommodate customers who cannot handle railcars at their own facilities. Monte Verde is particularly proud of the Batavia operation because it allowed Genesee Valley Transportation Company to recapture customers who had become habituated, over time, to relying on trucks to haul their commodities. The warehouse was the brain child of GVT's deceased partner Chuck Riedmiller, who envisioned capturing area business that didn't have direct rail service. "When we took that over the Batavia trackage from Conrail, the track was dilapidated and there were less than 200 cars," he relates. "Last year, we did 1,400 cars in Batavia because we worked with the local businesses. We gave them opportunities to go back to the railroad; we gave them better rates and cost savings where they could say 'I don't have to haul my stuff from St. Louis to Batavia, New York on a truck all the way – I can bring it by rail.'"
Examples of customers that Genesee Valley Transportation Company has lured away from shipping by truck include a gypsum manufacturer, a birdseed distribution company, and a nearby scrap dealer. "They were bringing things in and shipping things out by truck," he says. "With our warehouse and our transfer facility in Batavia, we gave them the opportunity to bring their scrap two miles to our railroad siding, put it in a railroad car, ship it to Pittsburgh or Indiana, and save their own trucks from doing all those roundtrips, saving them thousands of dollars. One boxcar can accommodate what would normally fill four truckloads."
Monte Verde is quick to explain that even though GVT is now doing well, it has only done so by carefully and assiduously cultivating new customers, and then serving them well. "There were days when Conrail was not doing too well and service was poor. When we took these railroads over, we had to go back to the customers and sell them that rail service was worth it; that we would be there every day. When they came to work at eight o'clock in the morning, and when they'd slide that warehouse door open, there's going to be a boxcar there. We complement the big railroads with the final mile of friendly, customized, customer service. If you ran out of product at 9 o'clock that night, and at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning, you're going to start up, we would run something at 6 o'clock in the morning so that you would be able to continue your business. We strive very hard."
Monte Verde is quick to give all the credit for GVT's success to his employees. "The people make the company," he exclaims. "I am really happy with the people we have working for the company. My biggest pride is the fact that they do their jobs safely and the customers are happy."
As a boy, David Monte Verde became attached to the Lackawanna Railroad, and as an adult, he honed his passion by collecting railroad memorabilia, and studying railroad history. Today, as President of the Genesee Valley Transportation Company, he continues to stay true to that passion, by providing his own railroad's customers with safe, efficient, and friendly rail service.
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WHO: Genesee Valley Transportation Company, Inc.
WHAT: A 300-mile, regional rail system in New York and Pennsylvania
WHERE: Batavia, New York
WEBSITE: www.gvtrail.com
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Sir Alex Ferguson Gave Nani The Silent Treatment On Drive Home For Missing A Penalty
Ryan Sidle in Football
Last updated 9:41 AM, Tuesday November 17 2020 GMT
Former Manchester United winger Nani has revealed that Sir Alex Ferguson once ignored him during a lift home after he missed a penalty and cost his team a win.
The incident happened in 2010 when United faced Fulham in west London. Before the match<|fim_middle|> Ferguson Told Ryan Giggs To 'Forget' About Upcoming Five Games So He Could Prepare For Michael Ballack
When Sir Alex Ferguson Was On 'Who Wants To Be A Millionaire'
"I was playing unbelievable with a lot of confidence. We won a penalty and it was Ryan Giggs who took the penalties. I felt confident and Giggs didn't say anything. I took the penalty and I missed!
Nani Revealed Sir Alex Ferguson Once Ignored Him On Lift Home For Missing A Penalty
"In the dressing-room he killed me. He said, 'Nani, who do you think you are? Who gave you permission to take the penalty?'
"And then he killed Ryan Giggs, because he said, 'Ryan, why did you let him take the penalty?' Ryan said, 'He grabbed the ball and I let him.' Oh my god, that day was incredible.
"We are going back home that day and I say, 'Boss, I can take you home.' I drove him back home and he didn't talk to me in the car. I felt very uncomfortable driving home.
Nani's penalty saved by David Stockdale. Image: PA Images
The game was only United's second of the season and the two lost points saw Chelsea take an early lead over them in the title race.
However the penalty miss was far from detrimental to United's season in the end as they went on to win the title from the Blues by nine points.
During his spell at Old Trafford the Orlando City player was enigmatic, switching between brilliant and frustrating, and was part of four title winning sides and also won three League Cups and the Champions League before leaving in 2015.
Featured Image Credit: PA
Topics: Football News, Manchester United, Sir Alex Ferguson, Premier League, Ryan Giggs, Nani, Fulham
Wilfred Ndidi's Individual Highlights Vs. Chelsea Proves He's The Best DM In The Premier League
Ryan Sidle
Ryan is a writer for SPORTbible. He covers all sport from football, formula one, cricket, rugby, tennis, athletics, mma and wrestling. He obviously hates YOUR football team and has no interest in synchronised swimming.
Follow @Sidler28 | Nani had offered to drive the manager home from Stockport train station when they arrived back in the north west.
United lead 2-1 before they won a penalty. The 34-year-old took the ball ahead of penalty taker Ryan Giggs and missed, before Brede Hangeland scored a late equaliser just minutes later.
"He (Ferguson) was my neighbour and we used to go to London by train," Nani told the Manchester United podcast.
"His wife or his family used to leave him in the train station so on the way back he has no driver to take him so he was looking for someone who lives close to him to give him a ride.
"So I said, 'Okay boss, I'll take you home!' But that day, it's so funny believe me! The day I took him home was after a game against Fulham away and I was on the bench.
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Sir Alex | 264 |
Q: Extract only matching pattern in a single line of text I have a compressed Javascript file which is in a single line form and contains
bla bla bla,;xyz=require("something"),blablabla=3xyz; if (require("somethingElse") === bla bla
I want to extract the required something and somethingElse from this "string". Here is the code I could build so far:
$ echo $script | sed 's|require(\([^)]*\))|\nget-this \1\n|g' | grep get<|fim_middle|>So for me this:
$ cat compressed_js_file | grep -o 'require("[[:alpha:]]\+")'
produces
require("something")
require("somethingElse")
A: A longer way using only awk:
awk -F "require" '{print $2 $3}' compressed_js_file | awk -F '[()"]' '{print $3"\n"$8}'
It produces:
something
somethingelse
| -this | sed 's|get-this ||'
Output is:
something
somethingElse
How can I make this in a proper way?
Edit
Exact working code is follows:
cat app.min.js | grep -o 'require("[a-ZA-Z0-9]\+")' | grep -o '".*"' | sed 's/"//g'
Produces:
Wifi
net
FlashEEPROM
abc1234
DS18B20
A: grep has a -o or --only-matching option you can use for this, from man grep
-o, --only-matching
Print only the matched (non-empty) parts of a matching line,
with each such part on a separate output line.
| 161 |
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Customers keep flexing their collective muscles by choosing to spend their money with companies who not only provide the products they want, but with a delivery method, time, and cost they find acceptable. We call this omni-channel, but let's not confuse facts; it's customer service.
Not long ago, delivering pallets of a single SKU within a week's time met customers' objectives. But times have changed, and in order to keep up, so should your order fulfillment operations. The key is to understand your customers' demands and wishes as well as what the competition is doing. More importantly, because companies are continuing to address customer concerns in new and better ways, you, too, need to be constantly improving your game.
Retail organizations should do anything and everything possible to capture every sale humanly (or robotically) possible to make their financial year. This means constant improvement in every area.
An article — or entire book — can be — and has been — written on each of the bullet points above. For the sake of my readers, I'll focus on just a few items.
The area where you have most control is your warehouse and distribution center. Start with looking at the areas of your distribution operations that are consuming the most resources. Try to take five minutes out of your crazy day to step back and observe what happens in the areas consuming the most resources. What would you do differently to make things better?
Let me take some guesses.
You observe pickers walking excessively, reaching, bending, and moving around each other during peak periods. What are some of the solutions?
Slotting – When is the last time you slotted or placed your SKUs in a logical location? Most operations correspond to some form of Pareto (80% of your orders use 20<|fim_middle|> or Pick-to-Light – I won't go into tremendous detail because you likely know all about these technologies, but they provide increased efficiencies in the correct inventory classes, physical characteristics, and velocity levels.
Horizontal Carousels – Horizontal Carousels are some of the most underutilized technology for providing tremendous Return on Investment while dramatically eliminating labor, floor space while increasing accuracy and throughput.
A workstation (or pod) of carousels works collectively to present the correct piece to be picked to the operator. The integrated pick-to-light directs the picking and putting activities to ensure high accuracy and throughput levels. This virtually eliminates wasted walk and search time and should increase throughput levels of your current picking speed by at least three times.
Portable A-Frames – For fast moving SKUs that can be stacked and dispensed, portable A-Frame systems eliminate all picking labor at rates up to 2,200 orders per hour. Shippers or totes move by the system on standard conveyor, and each channel in the system automatically dispenses the correct SKU and quantity into the passing order. For operations that have fast moving inventory in boxes, bottles, or blister packs, this system provides the flexibility and scalability many organizations benefit from. What can take hours of manual labor can be literally done in minutes.
Document Inserters – The ability to insert coupons, promotions, flyers, etc. into an order automatically not only provides increased customer satisfaction and repetitive sales but, in many cases, is a revenue generator. There are many advertising dollar opportunities available, and this technology makes it easy to generate. Past generations of this technology were costly, but today's technologies allow rapid deployment and a fast return on investment.
"I want it now" order fulfillment is a fact of today's business and operations practice. If the past five years are any indication, you should aim for 10-15% annual increases in your efficiency levels just to keep pace, let alone excel or remain a competitor.
Ed Romaine is VP Sales & Marketing, SI Systems (www.sihs.com). He has over 30 years in helping organizations improve their order fulfillment and warehouse systems and processes including order picking, software and conveyance technologies. He is also the former chairman of the Automated Storage & Retrieval Systems (AS/RS) group, the Supply Chain Execution Group (SCE), and Order Fulfillment Solutions Group (OFS) of America. Ed can be reached at romaine@sihs.com or 484.894.5211. | % of your inventory). Therefore, items not being picked are out of the system. Slower movers are located higher or lower in your racks. Faster movers are ergonomically located. Fastest movers are on the ends and products ordered simultaneously either kitted or located next to each other to reduce travel. You get the idea. Slotting is a no-brainer.
You can purchase software and do this internally or hire an external resource to complete periodic reports. A tip to remember: slotting reports should display and highlight moves based on a value (often return on investment, or ROI) of what each move will provide you. This allows you to prioritize labor and focus on truly beneficial efforts.
Look at your data and divide and conquer, especially in regards to automation. Look at your A, B, C, and D movers. Are you using the same picking methods and material handling equipment? You shouldn't be.
By analyzing each inventory class's velocity and physical characteristics, the ability to implement simple automation will often become apparent and yield tremendous labor and time saving rewards. The days of using one means of order fulfillment when your customers are demanding "I want it NOW" has changed that luxury. If you want to reminisce about the good old days, drop me a line, but if you want to succeed, make plans for continuous changes and improvements.
Intelligent Pick Lists – Yes, it's 2018 and I'm still writing about batch picking multiple orders simultaneously as an operator walks one time through the bins. I'm amazed at how many operations will load several orders onto a cart and pick one order to completion at a time.
Voice | 331 |
Egyptology PhD
PhD/DPhil - Doctor of<|fim_middle|> interdisciplinary projects focusing on relations between Egypt and the Near East, and Graeco-Roman Egypt.
University of Liverpool, The Foundation Building, 765 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZX, England
Renowned for excellent teaching that relates to the professions including medicine, dentistry, business, law, architecture and engineering.
Internationally recognised themes: personalised health, infectious disease, advanced materials, digital, heritage, and starting well, living well, ageing well.
Extensive support network in place for International students. Students can take advantage of a meet and greet service and 'Hello International!' welcome.
7th out of 32 2 | Philosophy
Egyptological research at Liverpool covers an almost complete range of the topics studied within the discipline of Egyptology including the material culture, language, literature and documentary texts, and the social history and archaeology of ancient Egypt.
The Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology is internationally reputed for its world-class interdisciplinary research in diverse fields ranging from the origins of humanity and Old World prehistory to the cultures, languages and texts of the late antiquity and the archaeology of the historical periods.
Egyptological research at Liverpool covers an almost complete range of the topics studied within the discipline of Egyptology. Our publications on the material culture, language, literature and documentary texts, and the social history and archaeology of ancient Egypt are at the forefront of research in these fields, bringing to the department a regular stream of UK and overseas researchers. Liverpool Egyptology graduates hold academic and museum posts worldwide.
With 42 academic & research staff and over 60 postgraduate researchers ACE forms one of the largest hubs for the academic study of the human past in the UK.
Our research themes are:
Fieldwork and material culture studies: Excavation, finds processing and landscape studies including relations with the desert margins – Ancient Egyptian technology – Museum-based studies – The architecture of tombs and temples – The epigraphic recording of the texts and pictures on tomb walls and ancient quarries
Textual sources & studies: Primary editions and translations of hieroglyphic, cursive hieratic texts or Coptic texts – The nature and use of Egyptian literature: literary criticism, authorship and audience, transmission and the performance of Egyptian literature, ritual and theology, the study of documentary texts as sources of law, administration and social history – Formal linguistic research into the grammar and structure of the ancient language, its writing systems, and the 3,000-year history of the language
Integration of material, pictorial and textual sources: The ritual landscape of Egypt – The social, cultural and political history of the Ramesside Period – The Old Kingdom and early Egyptian religion and society – Social History and Economic History – Social Anthropology and Ethnography of Pharaonic Egypt.
We particularly welcome research proposals that match those of our researchers including the collection, analysis and interpretation of primary source materials, the excavation and recording of archaeological sites, the study of all categories of material culture, the study of the ancient Egyptian language and its texts (hieroglyphic, cursive hieratic texts or Coptic) and the recreation of ancient Egyptian society in all its aspects. We also welcome | 515 |
The performance of Rodgers and Hammerstein's Oklahoma! at the Columbia College Chicago Theatre Department on Saturday, March 14, at 7 PM, is a benefit for Columbia's Musical Theatre Scholarships program. Tickets for the benefit performance are $5-$15.<|fim_middle|>ors at Columbia College. To reserve tickets for the benefit performance, click here or call 312-369-8330.
The performance takes place at the Getz Theatre of the Columbia College Chicago Theatre Department, 72 E. 11th St. The show is directed by Assistant Professor Ashton Byrum. | Proceeds from the show will be divided between the Jim Jacobs Musical Theatre Scholarship (offered to Musical Theatre students entering their Senior year) and the Betty Garrett Musical Theatre Scholarship (offered to Musical Theatre students in their first year of enrollment at Columbia). These two scholarships offer crucial financial support to worthy Musical Theatre Maj | 62 |
HPR in partner with IMCC FAIR launched First Aid Initiative Rwanda (FAIR). aims at promoting road safety and first aid in Rwanda with goal of reducing morbidity and mortality<|fim_middle|> they should have to be safe while they are using road and They were also sensitized on safe road usage.
Students from Health club as they took teachings session on road safety and first aid. It was their time to show what they have learnt and to provide the key messages to their colleagues (entire school).
If we take actions including: raising awareness on road safety, legislating and enforcing laws governing speed limits, seat-belt use, road safety education and safety helmets; Road traffic crashes can be prevented and reduced.
Annual Global Road crash statistics showed that Nearly 1.25 million people die in road crashes each year, on average 3,287 deaths a day. An additional 20-50 million are injured or disabled. more than half of all road traffic deaths occur among young adults ages 15-44.Road crashes are the leading cause of death among young people ages 15-29, and the second leading cause of death worldwide among young people ages 5-14. That's means road safety is not only for the adult but also young ones should know and learn about road safety. | among children and youth due to road traffic crashes in Rwanda.
On 15th March, in this week HPR conducted campaign at GS KIMIRONKO 2 that was marked by good attendance around 600 hundred students attended the campaign.
The aim of this campaign was to encourage students to keep learn about road safety and the behaviors that | 70 |
Scientists who study the phenomenon of Intuition say it's a very real ability that can be identified in lab experiments and visualized on brain scans.
Research shows that our instincts often hit us first on a visceral level, telling us what we need to know well before our consciousness catches up. Here's what happens<|fim_middle|> of the fMRI Research Center at Columbia University Medical Center, has shown that our brains react with anxiety to images of faces expressing fear—even when such images are flashed so quickly we have no idea we've seen them. "The amygdala, which plays an important role in emotional processing, activates in response to these pictures even when they're displayed for only 33 milliseconds—too fast to register in our conscious awareness," says Hirsch.
When our ancestors confronted strangers, those who quickly discerned the newcomers' feelings and motives were more likely to survive.
"We all process things that we're not consciously aware of—it's a feeling of knowing that uses an older brain structure," says neuroscientist Beatrice de Gelder, PhD, who researches blindsight. But because we're so dependent on our sense of sight, she says, we're not used to trusting our intuitive vision track.
"If you find yourself in a situation that's making you feel nervous, you may have spotted a reason for concern without even knowing it," says Hirsch. "Pay attention to the sensation." | when your intuition gets physical.
It's easy to tell something's afoot when your heart is pounding, you're drenched in sweat, and your stomach is tying itself in knots. But even if the shift in your pulse or perspiration is subtler, your intuition may still be trying to deliver a message.
Last year Barnaby Dunn, PhD, a scientist at the Medical Research Council in the UK, conducted a study in which he measured how accurately subjects could count their heartbeats during timed intervals. Then he asked them to play a game, turning over cards from four different decks and winning or losing money based on the cards they drew. What they didn't know was that the decks were rigged: Two had more high-value cards, and two were stacked with losers. As the subjects played, a sensor recorded changes in their heartbeats.
After just a few rounds, the monitor showed a dip in players' heart rates whenever they went near certain decks. The body, not the mind, became aware of the difference in the decks first—and Dunn found that some individuals who'd been better able to measure their own heart rates performed better in the game overall.
Scientists at the University of Iowa had performed a similar study earlier, measuring the perspiration on people's palms.
Players started generating stress responses to the bad decks—i.e., sweatier palms—within ten cards. Yet they didn't start suspecting that the decks were rigged until they'd turned over about 50 cards, and not until 80 cards were they able to fully explain how the decks were stacked. Their clammy hands were signaling suspicion long before their conscious minds made the connection.
You may be able to better follow your heart (and your sweat glands) by practicing meditation. A 2005 study found that in meditators, brain regions associated with sensitivity to the body's signals and sensory processing had more gray matter. The greater the meditation experience, the more developed the brain regions.
The eye receives images, the brain processes them. But we actually have two vision tracks—one conscious, the other intuitive—and as a result, the eye sees far more than we generally realize. For instance, in a phenomenon known as blindsight, people who have gone blind because of brain damage can still navigate an obstacle course or identify emotion on a person's face, even though they can't consciously see it.
Their intuitive vision track is receiving visual stimuli, even though their conscious vision track isn't; they know what's around them—they just don't know how they know.
We absorb and retain visual information that doesn't penetrate our conscious mind.
Joy Hirsch, PhD, director | 535 |
Simon Tedeschi + Kevin Hunt Fundraising Concert
Following his enormous success of last year Simon Tedeschi joins forces with long time collaborator, renowned jazz pianist Kevin Hunt, in a two piano performance……a unique blend of styles and backgrounds.
Two amazing pianists on two pianos – a performance that<|fim_middle|> the Sydney region.
One of Australia's most renowned and sought after pianists, having earned Symphony Australia's Young Performer of the Year Award, a Centenary of Federation Medal, and the Legacy Award from the Creativity Foundation (USA). Acclaimed by critics and peers alike, he has performed in major concert halls throughout Europe, America and Asia; for world leaders including George W. Bush, Vladimir Putin and Nelson Mandela; and collaborated with luminaries of classical and jazz music including Larry Adler, James Morrison, Yvonne Kenny and Richard Bonynge.
This fundraising event will support the essential work of Arts Law in helping Australia's artists
Join us for an unforgettable musical evening!
Our Fundraising Raffle, featuring artworks from Indigenous artists including 2015 NATSIA award winner Jukuja Dolly Snell is now on sale.
To view prizes and purchase a ticket, please click here.
« Viz Arts Online: Selling your Work through Online Marketplaces
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All Prices are in Australian dollars and include GST
Arts Law does not offer refunds or exchanges on sample agreements or publications. For other items please contact us
Please contact us if you have any questions
Become a subscriber and you can take advantage of huge discounts on all of our paid legal resources. | transcends genre… where it's hard to know where the jazz ends and the classical begins…stirring the jazz and classical realms into one musical recipe!
From this exciting mix, Tedeschi and Hunt serve up music from Bach to Duke Ellington, Gershwin and Brubeck, and a moving new work by Kevin Hunt.
'… put them together and a new music sensation emerges!' Canberra Times
Kevin Hunt
Simon Tedeschi
is a renowned and versatile jazz pianist who has shared the stage with international artists including Herb Ellis, Billy Cobham, Sheila Jordan and Larry Adler. Having recorded and performed with most of Sydney's prominent jazz artists, toured extensively with the legendary Don Burrows, he is currently working with the Kevin Hunt Trio, and recording an album based on works for the Stuart & Sons piano and ancient Aboriginal chants of | 172 |
Montreal Impact, Orlando City (Photo by Michael Reaves/Getty Images)
MLS is Back: Top 3 games to watch in Round of 16 by Andrew Dowdeswell
Philadelphia Union Vs New England Revolution: 3 things to watch for – Dealing with Carles Gil absence by Harvey Cruz
Orlando City Vs Montreal Impact: 3 things to watch for – New coaches collide
by Harvey Cruz 5 months ago Follow @SirHarveyCruz
On Saturday evening, Orlando City and the Montreal Impact face off in the Round of 16 of the MLS is Back Tournament. Here are three things to watch for.
After an incredible series of group matches stretching the past week-plus, the knockout stages are upon us. To kick off the<|fim_middle|>yo Akinola | Round of 16, surprise packages Orlando City and the Montreal Impact square off on Saturday night.
Orlando City, to the surprise of many, topped their group taking seven out of a possible nine points. Montreal scraped by as one of the best third-place teams despite losing their opening two games, including a 4-3 thriller to Toronto FC.
It is an intriguing contest between two teams who many thought weren't going to make it this far. Here are three things to watch for.
REUNION, FLORIDA – JULY 16: Head coach Thierry Henry of Montreal Impact talks with his team against Toronto FC during a Group C match as part of the MLS Is Back Tournament at ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex on July 16, 2020 in Reunion, Florida. (Photo by Michael Reaves/Getty Images)
3. Thierry Henry still building
Making it out of a tough group is a big shot in the arm for a club that seemed sure of elimination. But now the Montreal Impact are here and could yet make a statement in the knockout stages.
New head coach Thierry Henry is experiencing growing pains as he figures out his best team. The 4-3-3 displayed against D.C. United showed a more resolute defensive performance despite not creating many chances at the other end. Thus far, Henry has largely used a back-three-based system so it will be interesting to see how he sets up his team here.
Despite the potential confusion in system, defender Rod Fanni believes that the Impact are making good progress under the Frenchman. Speaking to reporters this week, he said:
"We feel better and better day after day because we work a lot. We talk a lot with the coach and video and also on the pitch. We work a lot to find the best way to find the balance, to keep the ball and also attacking and be good defensively <…> Day by day it's better."
The Impact remain a work in progress under Henry, but there is reason to be positive about their prospects.
Next: 2. Orlando firing on all cylinders
MLS Multiplex 5 monthsMontreal Impact Vs D.C. United: 3 things we learned - Hope for the Impact
MLS Multiplex 6 monthsMontreal Impact Vs Toronto FC: 3 things we learned - Welcome, A | 475 |
P&G Beauty & Grooming announced the launch StyleUnited, a personalized site that brings beauty and fashion together as a style source for consumers. In partnership with ShopStyle, StyleUnited delivers an exclusive experience to each consumer to help women achieve their best head-to-toe style.
"P&G Beauty & Grooming fosters relationships with many leading influencers and visionaries in beauty and fashion communities and is thrilled to give women unprecedented access to their head-to-toe beauty<|fim_middle|> fashion content from a range of online retailers, which is integrated and recommended throughout the experience via ShopStyle.com. | and fashion needs at one single destination," said Charlie Chappell, associate marketing director at P&G. "StyleUnited takes the trusted outlets and experts that women turn to online every day and brings them together under one web site for a comprehensive beauty and fashion resource."
StyleUnited, which is initially being launched in beta with the promise of more enhancements in the coming months, features personal consultations, curated content and a peer community for tips and recommendations. The site features articles, slide shows, blog posts and how-to videos from P&G and industry experts, including stylists, bloggers and online editors. Selections include Style 360, a diagnostic tool women participate in at the onset of engagement designed to understand a woman's skin care, hair care, cosmetics and fashion needs, which then helps tailor content based on responses. It also offers one-on-one live consultations with professional beauty consultants, and | 181 |
TOTAL QUALITY
TIMING CHAIN KITS
The ins and outs of the timing chain: how to replace a timing chain kit
Timing chains are the part of the engine in charge of connecting the crankshaft to the camshafts so that these two components smoothly function together. Even though timing chains are made of metal and are therefore stronger than timing belts, this does not mean that they should never be replaced.
Read on to find out everything you need to know about your timing chain system and how to replace it.
When and why change a vehicle's timing chain?
Timing chains, with their slimmer width, are more durable than timing belts, so they don't require scheduled maintenance. While it is true that, over time, the timing chain can elongate, the chain tensioner may fail, or there may be other factors that lead to poor lubrication and deterioration of the timing chain.
Timing chain problems are associated usually arise with high mileages. However, on some occasions, these tend to stretch or break over time. If a vehicle is exhibiting poor engine performance, it is having trouble to start, it is suffering from overheating, it is experiencing noises or vibration, or it is displaying a check engine light, it is most probable that the timing chain requires immediate replacement.
Things you will need to carry out a timing chain installation
Timing chain installation requires the right tools, a service manual specific to the engine's model and a degree of mechanical know-how. Because it is a major job, the risk of performing it incorrectly could trigger irreversible consequences for the engine.
Timing chain kits are the safest way to ensure best timing chain installation practices. By replacing together all intrinsic components, timing chain replace costs are significantly reduced while results are highly enhanced.
Installing a Timing Chain kit step by step
Step 1: Consult the owner's manual
First of all, locate the timing chain of the vehicle and verify the engine model, making sure that the timing system houses a timing chain rather than a timing belt.
Rely on the owner's manual to locate and identify the different engine parts and numbers, such as the firing order.
Step 2: Prepare the engine
Make sure that the engine has cooled down and that it is no longer plugged in the batteries.
If necessary, clean the engine with the use of the right degreaser and make sure that the workplace is adequate and that it offers safe conditions.
Drain the vehicle's oil and coolant and remove coolant hoses and other components that restrict access to the chain cover.
Step 3: Remove the timing chain cover
Remove the timing chain cover by unbolting it from the engine block. When doing this, don't neglect the bolts, they may each be different lengths, so you will need to know which bolt goes where on the cover.
Remove the crankshaft pulley, loosen the camshaft sprocket, and then remove the chain tensioner. This will expose the guides, sprockets, and chain for a better access.
Step 4: Remove the timing chain
Get the engine to top dead center and use a ratchet or wrench to remove the timing chain by sliding it off the gears.
To do this, align the shiny links on the timing chain with the marks on the camshaft and crankshaft gears.
Step 5: Install the new timing chain
Before installing the new chain, first of all install the guides and lubricate the gear by using a decent amount of gear oil. This will ensure that the timing chain system will perform smoothly in the future.
Then place the new chain onto the gears while aligning it exactly with the marks previously referenced. Finish by tightening the chain according to the vehicle's manual specifications. To do this you must have adjusted the cam sprocket.
Step 6: Replace the oil seal
This is the rubber seal around the crankshaft. Coat the seal with oil to ensure that it is compressed. This way you will make sure that it functions correctly.
Proceed to reinstall the cover of the timing chain.
Step 7: Reassemble all components
Start off by bolting on the harmonic balancer, then proceed to reinstall the rest of the engine components in the reverse order of removal.
Once reassembled, make sure that the coolant is in perfect conditions before filling the radiator in.
Always refer to the owner's manual for specifications.
Step 8: Review that everything is working properly
Reconnect the car battery, start the engine and check that there is no leaking or dripping, and that the warning lights are all off.
Dolz Kits, the most complete kits on the market
Industrias Dolz has developed a new range of timing chain kits that take timing chain replacement to a whole new level, being the most complete kits on the market incorporating: timing chain, crank sprocket, cam<|fim_middle|>2021 (7) April 2021 (3) March 2021 (5) February 2021 (1) December 2020 (1) June 2020 (1) March 2020 (1) April 2019 (1) February 2019 (1) December 2018 (1) August 2018 (1) July 2018 (1) December 2017 (1) September 2017 (1) July 2017 (1) November 2016 (1) August 2016 (2) March 2016 (1) September 2015 (2)
Categories Select Category Aftermarket (4) Dolz (117) Notas de Prensa (24) Thermostats (2) Timing Belt Kits (5) Timing Chain Kits (3) Uncategorized (4) Water pumps (12) | sprocket, tensioner, guides, oil seal, VVT, etc.
As a worldwide aftermarket supplier, Dolz only offers kits that meet all OE quality standards, including every component required for a professional and top tier repair.
Contact us to know more!
By Patricia Gimeno|2022-01-27T08:46:24+01:00January 27th, 2022|Dolz|0 Comments
Water pump car replacement: all the things you need to know
Cruz Roja (Spanish Red Cross) distinguishes Industrias Dolz as a collaborating company of 'Un Reto Social Empresarial' program
Season's greetings from DOLZ
Understanding timing belt components and how to maintain it
Car temperature: Why do some cars take so long to warm up?
Accessory Belt: frequently asked questions 25 January, 2023
Water pump shafts and bearings: best performance and efficiency 23 January, 2023
Water pump car replacement: all the things you need to know 19 January, 2023
Cruz Roja (Spanish Red Cross) distinguishes Industrias Dolz as a collaborating company of 'Un Reto Social Empresarial' program 9 January, 2023
Range Extension: +40 new references to Dolz Timing Chain Kits 4 January, 2023
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So, you say you are not athletic, but you want to spend some time bonding over a physical activity. We don't all have to be triathlon-running, football -playing parents to have bonding time that includes a physical activity. Most of these are things you have heard of or have probably done before. If not, then give them a try. Sometimes we forget to get back to the basics.
Any of these activities can be mother-son, father-daughter, or mother-daughter. This particular tip was requested for a weekend father-son sport day.
Whiffle ball: Whiffle ball sets can be found in most large chain stores at a reasonable cost.This is a pretty easy game to play baseball style and<|fim_middle|>, when we got better, they took them down. This is a great time to just sit and talk without being intrusive. One or two games makes a fun dinner night if you add in often bar style, bowling alley food.
Any of these activities can be mother and son, father and daughter, or mother and daughter. We always want to have occasional tips that are requested for the dads in our lives. | and does not require as much space. Make the bases a shorter distance to fit where you want to play. Since the balls are light, as is the whiffle bat, there are no huge concern breaking windows.
Golf Lesson or putting: Take a golf lesson together. If you already enjoy golf, then why not add in a new golf buddy? There is no better time to pick up a healthy and fun hobby than when you are young. Just keep to the front nine holes, so they do not get bored. If you think nine holes is too long or having those people behind you impatiently waiting for you to hurry up is something that will add anxiety to your outing, the putting range is a great alternative.
Combine whiffle ball and golf: No time or money for a private lesson for your little guy? How about teaching them golf yourself, with a shorter iron and a whiffle ball, at a local park or in the backyard? That way you don't have to worry about balls breaking windows. Just make sure they keep a firm grip.
Bicycle together: What used to be the only cool mode of transportation for kids has taken a heavy back seat to having your parents drive you everywhere. If you don't have bikes, rent them. Take a ride in the park or even around your neighborhood. This is great to get the kids out of the house and engaged.
Mini-golf: So, you don't know how to play regular golf? That is fine! Mini-golf is just as fun, actually it can be more fun. A lot of light-hearted teasing and competition, but without the long-learned skills needed to become a master golfer or having those people behind you impatiently waiting for you to hurry up and move on.
Rock Climbing: No, not the outdoor ones, the indoor ones with trained staff members. Most are also fully air-conditioned. These are awesome for learning the ropes on how to bole your partner and work together as a team as you try, try, and try again to get up the walls. Don't fret, most have beginning areas to get your feet wet.
Bowling- I remember the neighborhood dads all going to the bowling alley one night a week, and being part of a league. The kids used to get to go during the weekend so the dads could get some practice on their game. We would play, sometimes, with the guard rails up and then | 495 |
The Last Of Us TV Series Casts This Massive Game Of Thrones Star
By Nathan Simmons/Updated: Feb. 11, 2021 9:21 am EST
Fans of The Last of Us can finally breathe a sigh of relief. HBO's live action television adaptation of the best-selling game has found its Joel. Deadline has reported that Pedro Pascal, star of Game of Thrones and The Mandalorian, has signed on to play the rugged survivor in the new series.
According to Deadline, Pedro Pascal has been fielding multiple offers from major studios, ever since he became available for a new series. The Last of Us was the project that ultimately won him over. Judging from Deadline's description of the series and Joel's role in it, HBO seems to be making an effort to keep the TV series as close to the original game as possible. The description reads, "Pascal's Joel, tormented by past trauma and failure, must trek across a pandemic-ravaged America, all the while protecting a girl who represents the last hope of humanity."
On social media, fan reaction to Pascal's casting has been overwhelmingly positive. One fan remarked that Pascal is "killing it" in his career, while others are excitedly repeating the news in all caps. Meanwhile, writer and comedian Heather Anne Campbell hilariously pointed out the similarities between Joel and Pascal's turn as Din Djarin on The Mandalorian: both characters are a "gruff father figure" tasked with protecting a child during an arduous journey through creature-infested terrain.
Meanwhile, Troy Baker, the beloved voice actor who originated the role of Joel in the games, expressed a great deal of excitement regarding this casting announcement. In fact, Baker seemed most excited to see how Pedro Pascal would make the role his own. Baker tweeted, "Cannot wait to see what I learn about Joel from Pedro. Buckle up, y<|fim_middle|> attached to the series behind the scenes. The pilot episode will be helmed by award-winning Russian director Kantemir Balagov, from a script written by Chernobyl creator Craig Mazin and original The Last of Us writer/director Neil Druckmann. With its two leads having been cast, hopefully fans won't have to wait long before the cameras start rolling. | 'all. We goin for a ride."
Joining Pascal on the series is another Game of Thrones alum. Bella Ramsey, best known for her role as Lady Lyanna Mormont, will be playing Ellie. Much like in the game, Ellie is a young woman who is found to be immune to the virus that has ravaged the world. In the hopes of finding a cure, Joel must keep her safe.
A start date for filming has not been announced, but there is already a great deal of talent | 102 |
We sat down and had a conversation with Severity Zero, aka Leo, who is our second releasing artist on Monarch Records. Leo has been with the Sydney DnB scene for many years and is a prominent figure with in the community.
Leo's two tracks "Something Inside" and "Sirocco" are straight off the sunset watching beach, with enormous uplifting vibes which hit you beautifully in the club.
We talked about the inspiration for the two tracks, where his beginnings started from, label signing tips and much more.
So firstly, thanks for releasing with Monarch, it's been a long time coming, but we finally made it!
I'm proud to be a part of the team!
We're extremely happy to have you on board.
So the two tune you've released with us are beautiful pieces of work, both really up lifting and amazing liquid tunes, has liquid always been a deep love for Severity Zero?
Absolutely. From day one I've strived to make the kind of tunes that I would like to hear when I walked into a club or a chillaxed late afternoon poolside DnB session.
Liquid is great like that, can be very diverse and be played in almost every situation, tell me when did this love for liquid begin?
I'd say it was about late 2008, around the time my passion for DnB reaaaally took off - but there was a certain style that I liked more than others. I realised early on that DnB was a very deep ocean. Within a few months I learned that the sound I was after was known as "liquid".
In saying that, I do enjoy all styles of DnB. I dabble with Neuro, Tech occasionally and I love Jump Up too. Nothing gets a party going like Jump Up and a good MC!
That's so true, liquid feels like it has roots in progressive house/trance, what other genres did you enjoy before getting hooked with DnB?
I think liquid draws quite a bit from hip hop, house and RnB too, especially the more vocal end of the spectrum. In my teens I feasted on a diet of RnB and Hip Hop, later on I got into rock and then in my mind 20s and later, House and Trance.. so I think it's a combination of all the above that helped shape my sound.
Did you ever DJ any of those genres?
Nope. I've only ever DJed Drum and Bass. Although I'm looking to expand into other genres at the moment, namely deep, tech and progressive house.
oh nice one, same alias?
Probably. I don't feel the need to reinvent myself or anything like that. I make music I like and I play music I like. It's as simple as that.
I'm the same, I used to DJ a bunch of genres under the same name, still do occasionally, I'm always curious to find out if people want to go into another alias.
So I must admit, the tunes took me right back to an Ibizan<|fim_middle|>. I cannot wait to see what else Monarch has in store. I'm also looking forward to working on more releases with the Monarch team.
Awesome releases! Monarch can't wait either! We're really happy with the quality of tunes that have been presented to us. Leo, your tunes are always so well done and super on point, we can't wait to have you back!
I'll let you go for now! thanks for chatting with us. | sunset, what I'd imagine Sun & Bass to be like, where did the inspiration come from for these tunes?
Music is a powerful thing. Life can be tough, but liquid takes me to my happy place. For me to seek that place within myself and than share that with others in the form of music is a great privilege. I hope to help take others to their happy place too.
Sun and Bass was certainly an inspiration. I've been wanting to go for many years and finally took the plunge last year. I can't describe how special that was.
That's amazing, I love overseas festivals. The Europeans just know how to organise and structure some the greatest festivals. Have you ventured to any others?
Awesome man, I'm yet to attend, but have been to a few over in Europe a few times. Sun and Bass is definitely on the list!
So going over your previous releases, you have quite an impressive collection, over a bunch of labels. How did you go about your first label release? Any tips for up and coming producers?
Absolutely. The main tip is to be patient. The lure of that first release is quite strong. I think it's quite natural that producers starting out crave a bit of recognition after all their hard work. Don't just give your music out to the first person or label that asks for it. Know where it is you're going, then chart the course that will take you there. The other thing is to team up with other producers that are starting out as well. Having a support group like that works wonders and it creates the right conditions for people to collaborate and share ideas. It also creates some friendly competition too, which is great. The other important thing is to contribute to your local scene. I'm so happy that Monarch records came about as you guys will finally provide the medium needed for all of that to happen!
That's exactly what one of our goals is, we want to be the stepping stone for our local producers to the international stage.
Who supported you or who did you support in the earlier years?
There are two guys that I think were instrumental. And I think back when our sound started to develop, around 2010-2011, we really were able to feed off each other's creativity. Those two guys would be Humanature and Capsika. Two incredibly talented producers. Humanature is now kicking major goals with Fokuz and to be honest, I think the sky's the limit for him Capsika is another one that makes me cry with envy when I hear his tunes (and I say that in the best possible way!). He hasn't been very active as of late, sadly, but I hope to see him make a comeback.
So I must ask, what are your musical influences and which artists are you vibing at the moment, in any genre!
My earlier phase was all about the Hospital sound, plus the Brazilian pioneers (Marky/Xrs), so throw in High Contrast, Nu:Tone, London Elektricity. Spearhead also became a massive influence with Lenzman, Bcee and LSB. Lately I've been paying really close attention to what is happening with a group of rising artists over in UK: Pola and Bryson, Mitekiss, GLXY - Also Poland seems to be delivering in droves with Silence Groove, In-Deed and SATL delivering banger after banger after banger. In Brazil, Alibi, Simplification, Translate and L-side are making some serious noise. Stateside, we got heavyweights like Random Movement, Kasper and Jaybee doing their thing and finally in Aussie Royalston, Dave Xcessive from Perth is doing some really cool liquid. Pearse Hawkins has just chalked his name up in the Medschool/Hospital roster. It's all happening. There's so much going on it's hard to keep track!
Nice man, there is a treasure trove of artists for everyone to check out, thanks for great response too, I know it can always be hard to narrowing it down.
Lately I'm also quite keen on the Critical sound... Ivy Lab especially, as their deep and Melodic sound is unmatched. Then there's Break. That's a subject in its own right!
Oh man, quality stuff coming from both at the moment.
oh man - I didn't even get to mention CALIBRE.
You're a well seasoned DJ and producer, with heaps of experience and have been around a bit, what's your thoughts on the local DnB scene?
My thoughts on the local scene? I am very excited. I've been going to DnB gigs in Sydney since 2008 and as far as I can tell, we've never had it so good. Monthly parties like Elements of Tech and Bass and Afterlife keep the faithful coming back plus a raft of fresh faces. There are so many talented and dedicated promoters contributing to this moment. I feel we are quite privileged to be living in this moment now.
Then there's a steady stream of Internationals coming here almost every weekend.
Couldn't agree more! You've mentioned some DnB events, are there any others which you frequent or want to give a shout to?
Big, BIG Shouts to Breakneck, Bass Drop, RIOT Club, Thierry D, Haunted Science, Just Greg, the Afterlife Crew and Flying Fortress!
So lastly, I'm always interested in seeing what our other artists think of the other Monarch releases, is there any stand outs for you?
D-Vide's Riot is definitely a standout track for me. I also really, really LOVE "Soul Trader" by Mark Bionic | 1,157 |
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5x Dark hot chocolate. Like Drinking an 80% chocolate bar.
In Amsterdam, chocolate houses dot the city landscape serving fragrant chocolates of every kind. They LOVE chocolate. Dark, thick, full-bodied, fragrant chocolate. Our cocoa is named in honor of that fine city and its famous Dutched treat. This is our darkest, richest hot chocolate, made specifically for the diagnosed chocoholic. Earthy without bitterness, rich without cloying sweetness, this is like an 85% chocolate bar in a cup. It is the succulence of the rain forest paired to Europe's elegance.
Most Americans have the idea that a dark chocolate is supposed to be bitter or sharp in taste. Maybe this idea came from childhood when we would<|fim_middle|>.
Raw or unprocessed cocoa is harsh and has a sharp taste that is like mixing chocolate with Vitamin C powder. It's really a unique and unpleasant experience to taste it. "Dutching" adds an alkali that rounds out the acidic taste of cocoa to what we are used to today. American styled chocolate is more acidy than its Hollander counterpart. The darker the color the lighter the taste. Dark Chocolate is not a matter of its intensity, color, or sharpness, but rather a matter of cocoa content. That is, how much cocoa is in the product by weight . All of the Holy Chocolates have a high cocoa content, but the Amsterdam has the highest cocoa content. Even more than the European which is a very dark chocolate.
The Amsterdam powder seems to have hit the sweet spot in terms of its creaminess, chocolate taste and low acidity. Its so creamy and balanced that we removed sugar from the recipe to make room for more cocoa powder. This is the least sweet of any holy Chocolate variety. But it isn't sharp to the tongue. Its just strong.
If you never have had Holy Chocolates before then you should know that even the Swiss is pretty strong, and the other varieties get stronger from there. But some people were saying that even our European wasn't as strong as they would like, so we made our supremely dark chocolate. One of the principals of Mar Toma Enterprise wooed his new woman with the Amsterdam (they are getting married soon). We are sure it will woo even the most sophisticated chocolate lover. Definitely for the confirmed chocoholic.
One serving has 1.66 oz. of mix (almost 70% more than some brands) so that the milk is perfectly reconstituted and the chocolate taste is profound. One wouldn't add more chocolate, but you wouldn't take any away either. You'll just want another one later.
All our mixes, only use real cocoa and real dried milk from pasture cows that are free of added rBST and antibiotics for an incomparable taste. There are no artificial additives, preservatives or fake milk mixes. "Heavenly things for a Heavenly people!... As is perfectly right!"
CNN Money Review of Holy Chocolate by Michael Turbach, author of the book "Hot Chocolate" | steal our mothers unsweetened bakers cocoa as kids and try to eat it | 16 |
Let your students create the questions for you!
My students looked at me as if I had just started speaking Chinese.
" Isn't that your job?" one of them asked, not really sure what to make of my question.
This was the way my students responded the first time I did this activity. I have been applied this many more times since this awkward moment and students are<|fim_middle|> Combining two "classic" CLIL activities to create a new one! | used to it right now. Yet, I understand their reluctance at first.
Teachers asks questions. Students answer. That's the way world works right?
This activity asks for a little bit more creativity from the student, but also requires a little but more prep time for the teacher. It's worth it though.
With this activity you mention the answer of a question and ask students to come up with answers. In other words, you ask your students to create the questions. It is a great way to energize your students, as they are quite often not used to this type of exercise.
Also, if you discuss this activity in a bit more detail and are not content with the easiest answers, you work on higher thinking skills as well. The students have to beyond just applying their knowledge, they have to create new assignments that fit your criteria.
Set a time limit and a word count for the question. You can also mention students have to think of a couple of questions. To implement language elements in this activity, provide words students have to use or avoid.
Once the timer ends, the questions can be discussed. I like to ask a couple of students to tell me their question and will check how many more students had similar questions.
As a follow-up, I ask students to create questions themselves and ask their partners to solve these questions. To be able to check the answers, students will have to answer their own question as well (making sure students don't create impossible questions as a joke).
Another way to motivate students to create the question good questions is to ask for them to create the question about a particular part of the chapter and mention you will ask one of these questions at the test.
When I want to check for understanding or want to see which students are capable of higher level assignments, I give them part of an assignment (a picture, an equation, some numbers) and ask students to think of questions that can be asked using this information. The task in this case has more to do with filling in the gaps and be creative with these.
I personally use this activity a lot during the individual work. Students first have to think for themselves before we discuss this, to increase the variety of answers as well as the difficulty rate. It can also be used very effectively at the beginning of a lesson to engage the students and offer them a slightly different way of starting a lesson.
How to design a great CLIL activity CLIL Activity: How to get your students to come up with problems How to get your students to design their own CLIL activity | 511 |
You know that crazy dream you had last night? Rhyan LaMarr could<|fim_middle|>. | make it happen in reality.
He's been a director since high school, with more than ten years of experience producing films including long-form music videos, features, shorts, reality shows, and programs.
Rhyan recently completed directing his third feature film, Canal Street.
An out of the box thinker with a knack for creating stimulating entertainment on a shoestring budget, Rhyan is a creative visionary on the rise.
Bernie Mac actually gave me my first break when I was 18. He was the first person in the Entertaimemt world to give me a shot. Though I was only supposed to be a day player on "Mr. 3000!" and work for a week, his team kept me around for the entire shoot. It opened my eyes to filmmaking in an entirely different light. Something school could never teach me. That onset teaching was priceless. I've never forgotten that.
I am constantly evolving and creating on a daily. God has blessed me with vision so I know my best work is ahead of me. I find pride in everything I do and just feel so honored to be able to do this for a living and call it a career.
I always tell people I feel like I got in at the tail end of a great error. Early 2000's investors, studios, record companies were still spending alot of money on projects. Before the stock market crashed in 08' and the writers strike…way back before reality came in and changed everything things just felt different. I'm sure folks felt the shift. I was a music video director at the time And almost over night videos went from a quarter million dollar budgets to 10k in a snap! But with that it just made go-getters and hustlers shine even more. Its evolution, digressioin and then progression…Its life.
Enjoy the ride, its going to be very bumpy. Everyday your going to be tested.
Be careful who you let into your inner circle.
People come in seasons and most will not last a lifetime.
The word friend is truly the most misused word in the dictionary.
All money isn't the right money no matter if everything is on the up and up.
Live in the moment as the ride goes fast.
Bernie Mac. I'd want to tell him thank you for being one of the first to ignite a flame in me that has never went out. At the time I didn't know what he was doing or what I was doing. Its been the gift that keeps on giving the older I get. He taught me about paying it forward, so I'd just want to thank him in person and grab some bbq at my spot out south, you know and just fellowship | 554 |
Visit the island of Naissaar on a historic cruise ship "Katharina". The scenic voyage takes an hour. While on the ferry, the captain's bridge is open for visitors and you can take a picture at the steering wheel. Meanwhile passing the<|fim_middle|> arrive at Lennusadam in Tallinn, the ride back takes around an hour. | beautiful views of Katharina Keys, Bald Island and Midshallows lighthouse. On the island take an exploration tour on an army vehicle and do a 1.5 km hike in the woods. After which visit the island's lighthouse with its spectacular view. A walk through the Naissaar's primeval forest to the mysterious Imperial-era fort and visiting cannon batteries and naval fortress of Peter the Great as well as underground fort passages. See the unique narrow-gauge railway built on the island in 1912. Have a break on the beach and after that enjoy a buffet lunch.
While on the ferry you get a cup of coffee and can enjoy the beautiful views of Katharina Keys, Bald Island and Midshallows lighthouse. It takes about an hour to reach the island – relax, sit back and enjoy the ride.
Take an exploration tour on an army vehicle on the island. During the 3 hour tour you will do a 1.5 km hike in the woods. Refreshing bottled water offered during the tour.
A spectacular view from the viewing platform of a 45-metre lighthouse. Nearby is a rustic house where the lighthouse keeper used to live.
We will visit three cannon batteries and the passages of Peter the Great's naval fortress. Discovering exciting Imperial-era underground fort passages and a unique narrow-gauge railway built on the island in 1912.
A break on a beautiful sandy beach after which you can enjoy a buffet lunch.
You will | 304 |
UFC: Former UFC Middleweight champion and TUF season 3 winner Michael Bisping announces official retirement
(PC- Twitter)
Former UFC middleweight champion and 'the Ultimate Fighter' season 3 winner Michael 'the Count' Bisping has finally decided to hang the gloves and call it a day on his successful career.
On his 'Believe You Me' podcast, Bisping mentioned vision problems which he suffered since retinal detachment of<|fim_middle|> about before."
Bisping is truly a pioneer of MMA in England which paved the way for other British fighters. He won TUF season 3 and won the UFC middleweight championship by knocking out heavy favourite Luke Rockhold in the first round. He became the first British UFC champion in history. His 20 victories in UFC competition are tied with St-Pierre and Donald Cerrone for most in company history, 16 victories in UFC middleweight competition are most in divisional history and seven knockout victories in UFC middleweight competition are tied for second most in history. He has a victory over arguably one of the 'Greatest of all time' in Anderson Silva.
MMA India Exclusive: One word to describe yourself? "Misunderstood", says Michael Bisping
UFC: Brad Tavares doesn't feel Israel Adesanya 'deserves' to fight him, instead hoping to fight Michael Bisping
#michaelbisping #ufc #mma #mmaindia #mmaindiashow #retirement #champion #legend
Previous articleUFC: Dana White reveals the next TUF season might be the last
Next articleUFC: Jason Knight claims he won against Makwan Amirkhani, thinks UFC judges should have some MMA experience | his right eye back in 2013 were the main reason behind his decision. Bisping also added that he has achieved everything a fighter can and has nothing to prove. (via YouTube):
Bisping's parting words were,"First of all thank you to my wife. Without her, it wouldn't have happened. That's a fact! She was incredible every single step of the way. My children, my dad. My dad was amazing & of course everyone in the UK & around the world that supported me". (via Twitter):
Bisping's parting words.
"First of all thank you to my wife. Without her, it wouldn't have happened. That's a fact! She was incredible every single step of the way. My children, my dad. My dad was amazing & of course everyone in the UK & around the world that supported me"#UFC pic.twitter.com/ucj8lQfdlp
— The People's MMA 🦈 (@ThePeoplesMMA) May 29, 2018
"It ain't worth it," Bisping said. "What else am I going to do? I won the belt, I've had tons of wins. I've done everything I set out to achieve.
"What's the point of flogging a dead horse? Not that I'm a dead horse, but what's the point? … I've used my platform to open other doors. You've got to know when to walk away. I'm almost 40 years old – the time is now."
Rumours of Bisping fighting for one last time has always been around since his last fight against surging Kelvin Gastelum back in November 2017 in Shanghai. He stepped in on short notice replacing the suspended Anderson Silva just a week after losing his title to former UFC welterweight champion Georges St-Pierre. He lost the fight via knockout in the first round. Bisping reportedly wanted to fight but his family wanted him to retire due to the damage he sustained in the Gastelum and GSP fight.
Bisping expressed his desire to fight for the one last time as Fight Night 127 in London back in March 2017. Obviously that did not happen. Other reports like Bisping facing former foe Victor Belfort were discussed. The front runner to face Bisping was another former foe former UFC middleweight champion Luke Rockhold who considered a move to light heavyweight after his crushing loss against Yoel Romero at UFC 221. Former champion and surging contender in Lyoto Machida and Brad Tavares respectively also tried their shot against Bisping. Bisping also welcomed a bout against fan favourite Nick Diaz. However nothing came even close to being materialized.
"It's been a long journey – in 2003, I started training," he said. "So 15 years as a professional fighter, 12 or 13 years in the UFC. You can't do it forever. I've done it for a long time, and of course I've got issues with my eye. After the (Kelvin) Gastelum fight, I started having issues with my good eye, which I've never spoken | 662 |
Services, Bible seminars, worship nights, and other events require planning, organizing resources and creating rota sheets. Events gives you an overall view of everything related to event planning.
Schedule your teams of volunteers through email and let them accept or decline<|fim_middle|> is the plan to better work together. Events provides an intelligent and easy function to facilitate the creation of the order of service.
Events gathers any required numbers and provides their export in CSV format. | each request individually. Don't worry, ChurchTools also reminds them when they are on duty.
Organise the order of service, add songs, media and other information to clearly communicate to all people involved what is the plan. Get organized without last-minute stress.
Manage all songs, lyrics, songsheets in one place and give access to all people involved in the worship team.
Church events are centrally created in Events and everyone involved is added to the planning process.
Who is in charge of the sound system, who is leading the worship and who will be the service moderator? These spots can be directly requested to members via Events.
Manage all songs, lyrics, songsheets and new arrangements in one place. The worship and media teams can always have access to the latest version of the song database.
When planning the order of a service, event or meeting, all volunteers, and staff members should know what | 179 |
Postcards from the Imagination: The Art of
Jerico Santander
By Matthew Porter
Jerico Santander is an artist and a peripatetic free spirit. "I'm single and detached," says Jerico, who lives a nomadic life, dividing his time between a home in the Canary Islands, a small apartment on the Philippine island of Cebu, and frequent sojourns to more-remote Philippine islands such as Bohol, Malapascua, and Bantayan. It's perhaps no wonder that his fantastical work is so transporting.
<|fim_middle|> to think of random elements and began mixing them with things that didn't relate at all: an apple, a bike, a rocket, a birdhouse, a piglet, and so on. I started sketching the elements. I first thought up the primary image, a shiny, colorful apple. I then added a bike to pull the apple. Bam! I saw it! A crazy, environmentally responsible caravan of a little boy riding a half-bike, wearing a piglet, and broadcasting the crow of a rooster!
"Next, I added some other random elements to fill out the space, like shiny horns and trumpets. To lend an aerodynamic feel, I thought up the rear rocket thing. And the bubbles. Once the sketch idea was approved, I called upon a friend, photographer Jan Gonzalez, who deserves a lot of credit. Together, we found all the elements and started shooting in his studio. Next, I selected the best images and proceeded to retouch and weld them together on a Photoshop canvas. Then it was time to add my 3D elements, the half-bike, rear rocket, bubbles, horns, rooster, and so on. After that, more retouching, more painting here and there, experimenting with different backgrounds and different effects…and done!"
Click on the arrows to watch the image come together, layer by layer.
See more of Jerico's work on his Behance page and portfolio site.
Images: courtesy of Jerico Santander
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We All Have a Creative Type | Far-off locales liberate Jerico to think and create. Unreliable Internet connections do pose challenges, but even though he often complains about poor connectivity in remote places, he acknowledges that being unplugged gives him time for personal projects, sketching, and dreaming. If a client comes along, he races back to his Cebu apartment, where connectivity and electricity are reliable (and where he keeps a generator, "just in case").
These images are from Jerico's series Mush, an experimental project.
THE ARTIST'S INNER WORLD
Jerico grew up in Arrecife, a town on the island of Lanzarote in the Canary Islands. He credits his mother with encouraging his artistic sensibilities, and a brother with sparking and encouraging his interest in computers. He spent his youth surrounded by water, beauty, nature, and farm animals. "We had lots of cats and dogs. We also had a little farm with goats, sheep, and chickens!" he says.
But although he has spent his life surrounded by the sea and bucolic vistas, Jerico says he doesn't take much artistic inspiration from the natural world. Instead, he gets it from stuff he finds on the Internet, from people, art, movies, and music. His images can be dreamy, joyful, or dark—a grab bag of fantasy, sci-fi, animals, plants, found objects, and old technology. Think Rube Goldberg, not Paul Gauguin: ingenious collage fantasies.
These images are from Jerico's series Atutiplen.
Like a lot of digital artists, Jerico is many things: designer, composer, compositor, painter, sketcher, and techno-wizard: "When someone asks me what I do, I just hand them a card with my name and a link to my Behance page and say, 'This!'" He continues, "I take photos, cut them out, and reassemble them. What you see is a digital, refined collage. I may add 3D elements, blend them with the photos, and then digitally paint them to lend illumination and realism. I then add layers of Photoshop 'magic' such as painting over with shadows and light to weld the visual elements together."
Creating images with this much detail can be time-consuming. Jerico says, "I'm usually 'done' when the deadline arrives, but with personal projects, time isn't a problem. I stop when the joy is gone. Or when things start getting excessively messy."
DREAM! COLLECT! COMPOSE! BAM! DONE!
One could think of Jerico's work as postcards from his extraordinary imagination—a distant place where vivid daydreams become brilliant images. It looks like a nice place to be! That's one reason the Adobe Studio approached Jerico to create an image for an Adobe Photoshop CC promotion. Here's how Jerico describes the project:
"Adobe creative director John Caponi told me to go wild but to create in the style of my Atutiplen series. I wanted to tell a funny little story, something different and creative. So I started | 627 |
If you're struggling to keep your child "in line" -- at home, in public, with siblings and peers, with you -- then the Total Transformation Program may help.
I've been using the parenting techniques offered in this behavioral program with my son (ADHD, PDD-NOS, anxiety that can lead to psychosis, SPD). It has made me a more confident parent, and able to contain the situation when my son has a meltdown.
The Total Transformation Program isn't a quick fix or a cure -- but if you're at this site, you're an experienced parent of a special needs kid so you probably already know this.
The company promotes that the Total Transformation Program can help kids diagnosed with ADHD, bipolar disorder, conduct disorder, ODD -- the whole lot. I'd agree and throw in RAD in my non-professional opinion.
It gives kids like these -- kids who can be stubborn, defiant, and abusive; kids who've been through the foster care system, kids who haven't had a steady home life -- firm boundaries in no uncertain terms.
The Total Transformation Program includes a "Jump Start DVD" that acclimates you to the program, introduces you to its creator James Lehman, and gets you excited about the prospect of having a child equipped to meet behavioral expectations at home, school and in public.
After you watch the DVD, there are several audio lessons to hear and corresponding workbook exercises to accomplish between lessons. I've found these audio lessons to be enormously helpful. I happen to spend a lot of time in the car, and listened to them during drive time.
In fact, I still listen to them during drive time. The audio lessons are so full of information and my son is ever growing and changing, that even though I've heard them a hundred times, I'm always finding something new to work on. James Lehman rocks.
James Lehman admittedly has ADHD. He was a kid who bounced around in foster care before he ultimately ended up with his adoptive parents. He didn't live a fairy tale life, and actually ended up in jail for a while. And then he turned his life around.
If I recall the story right, it was while he was incarcerated that he became interested in understanding behaviors associated with ADHD and other disorders. When he got out, he worked his way through the educational system and earned his Master's in social work. He's been counseling kids like him every since.
What's nice is that he has the perspective of knowing what it's like to have a disorder that doesn't make conforming easy. What's nice is he also is the father<|fim_middle|> seriously never need to buy another book or resource again, it's an investment in your child and your own sense of peace. | of a child with ADHD, so he knows what it's like to parent a kid with those behaviors too.
The Total Transformation Program is a behavioral therapy program.
In short, it trains you -- the parent -- in behavior therapy. It gives you the tools and techniques you'll need to work with a child who consistently defies rules and runs against the social grain. It can help your child -- from as young as three or four (you'll have to scale down some concepts) to your adult children -- the ability to understand that limits and rules you set are binding.
For me, the Total Transformation Program has given me enormous confidence. When you have a kid screaming in your face, damaging your property, throwing projectiles right and left, hitting, kicking, biting -- when you have a child that has relentless anger and energy in expressing that anger -- it can be extraordinarily difficult to contain the situation.
Thanks to the Total Transformation Program, when that happens in my house, I'm able to maintain my control and my cool.
And please notice what I just said: "when that happens in my house." I've been using techniques in the Total Transformation Program for a couple of years, and the incidents continue to occur. This program does not fix your child; it will not cure your child; your child will not magically wake up without a disorder. But it will give you the tools and the unwavering ability to rise above and direct the situation.
Prior to purchasing the Total Transformation Program, I had a library of books -- 1-2-3 Magic; The Explosive Child; Raising the Spirited Child; The Out-of-Sync Child; The Baffled Parents Guide to Stopping Bad Behavior; Parenting Guide to Positive Discipline; and, among many others, (my all-time favorite title) Parents, Please Don't Sit on Your Kids.
I have had no interest in turning back to the pages of these books for help, and I have had no interest in purchasing another book or resource dedicated to discipline or behavior. All the answers I need to help me with my son I've found in the Total Transformation Program. It is that thorough, that good.
Long story short, if you're on the fence about purchasing the program I say go for it. It's worth every penny. The program isn't cheap, but think of it this way -- it's the price of a couple of behavior therapy sessions, you can spread the payments out over time, you'll | 499 |
Mercedes-Benz Canada shatters first quarter sales records
Mercedes-Benz Canada Inc.
TORONTO, April 6, 2015 /CNW/ - Mercedes-Benz Canada and its national dealer network announced that it surpassed a number of sales thresholds reaching an all-time high for the first quarter sales. What's more, this new record was achieved despite major setbacks to the logistics channels triggered by this year's extreme weather conditions.
To date, the company has delivered a grand total of 9,280 units which pushed overall growth to 7.4% so far this year. This significant increase<|fim_middle|> Coupe as the 2015 World Luxury Car and the Mercedes-AMG GT as the 2015 World Performance Car. These awesome accolades will only further reinforce the compelling product offensive we have in store this year".
Mercedes-Benz vehicles
About Mercedes-Benz Canada
Mercedes-Benz Canada is responsible for the sales, marketing and service of the Mercedes-Benz and AMG passenger vehicles, Mercedes-Benz Vans and smart. Headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Mercedes-Benz Canada Inc. employs approximately 1,500 people in 23 locations across Canada. Through a nationwide network of 13 Mercedes-Benz owned retail operations and 43 authorized dealerships, Mercedes-Benz Canada sold 40,555 vehicles in 2014. This represents the best year ever for the company and has positioned Mercedes-Benz as the top luxury manufacturer in Canada.
SOURCE Mercedes-Benz Canada Inc.
For further information: JoAnne Caza, 416-847-7550, [email protected]; Nathalie Gravel, 416-847-7509, [email protected]; Further information from Mercedes-Benz is available on the internet at: www.media.mercedes-benz.ca
Mercedes-Benz Canada Announces Sales Growth in Full-Year 2021...
Mercedes-Benz Canada significantly expands Mercedes me Charge...
Mercedes-Benz Canada announces sale of Toronto Retail Group to... | is the result of Mercedes-Benz passenger cars and luxury light trucks sales being ahead by 11.4% and of the Mercedes-Benz Vans Division surpassing last year's sales by 15.8%.
Exceptional March sales results further solidified the first three months of 2015 as the best first quarter ever with respect to sales and clearly positioned Mercedes-Benz as number 1 in the luxury segment. In fact, Mercedes-Benz passenger cars and luxury light trucks reported the best month ever in the company's history with a total of 3,702 units retailed which is ahead 9.9% when compared to March 2014. This performance was fueled by a sizeable increase in sales of the new generation C-Class, CLA, GLA and GLK.
On the Mercedes-Benz Vans side, the increase in sales of 13% equated to the best March performance ever for the division. This achievement was driven in part by the recent introduction of the Sprinter 4x4.
In March, the diesel take rate for luxury light trucks was 67.2%, while permanent all-wheel drive 4MATIC™ units accounted for 94.1% of overall passenger car and light truck sales (excluding smart).
smart reported a total of 52 vehicles sold in March.
The Mercedes-Benz Pre-Owned division recorded a total of 1,533 units sold for an increase of 12.6%, which resulted in the best month ever for pre-owned sales in Canada. These results helped propel overall year-over-year growth to 11.2%. With a grand total of 3,318 pre-owned units delivered so far in 2015, this is the best first quarter ever recorded by the division. Furthermore, year-to-date Certified Pre-Owned sales totaled 2,742 units for an increase of 17% and accounted for 82.6 % of the total volume of pre-owned sales.
"What better way to kick off the 60th anniversary celebrations of Mercedes-Benz Canada than by shattering our all-time first quarter sales records. This company's relentless pioneering spirit has risen to great heights and I wish to sincerely thank our stellar dealer network, Mercedes-Benz employees and colleagues at Mercedes-Benz Financial Services for what we've achieved", said Tim A. Reuss, President and CEO of Mercedes-Benz Canada. "We enter the second quarter of 2015 on the heels of the announcement which crowns the C-Class sedan as the 2015 World Car of the Year, the Mercedes-Benz S-Class | 537 |
There are a lot of different types of apps out there - and just as many potential monetization strategies. Whilst your app might be unique, there are still common flows and common challenges that all apps must face.
In that context, it might be worth looking at how free-to-play games have addressed some of these challenges. They've been at this the longest, have more on the line that<|fim_middle|>, and what language, location, color, or font is right for your call to action, is tough.
In traditional development, all these changes (no matter how small) require an engineer and another round of app store approvals. That's clearly not a tenable solution for a games company, which relies on constantly evolving offers and promotions designed to get players over the line to 'payers'.
That's why in the games industry, it's usual to be able to control all these attributes from a dashboard without the need for re-approval. This allows them to A/B/n test all the different combinations they choose, in order to see what gets the best results - and do so repeatedly and with little overhead.
App companies need to learn the same lessons - and put in place the structures that support constantly evolving offers and calls to action. | most, and have developed some best practices that should be applied - or at least considered - by all app developers.
< p>A lot of apps, especially those in the early stage, are in full-fledged user acquisition mode. This makes sense as you want to quickly build to that important critical mass, but here at Swrve we want our customers to be paying attention at the post-acquisition elements of marketing.
Getting users in the app are not enough. Once the user is inside your app for that first time, you need to make sure you set the stage and convey the value that is going to keep them coming back. For games, a lot of times this was achieved via the tutorial flow. We've always recommend to our game customers that they A/B test this initial experience. Space Ape was a great example: they ran a test of their tutorial and achieved impressive results (90% increase in revenue,11% increase in time in app, and a 9% increase in day 1 retention). Those are numbers that would make any app happy.
What this means for our app customers/prospects is that the same tests need to be happening. It might not be a 'tutorial' as such but the welcome screen or on-boarding experience should be A/B tested on to identify the right copy, creative, and flow that earns the user's trust.
And it's not just about initial experience. Some the questions A/B testing can help you uncover are: What does a successful first time experience look like? What are the 'sticky' features that will drive time spent in the app? Who are the type of users we should be targeting? Which ad network is giving me the best users?
When users do leave for an extended period of time, there are limited options when it comes to bringing them back. One of the most powerful is the push notification. But blindly delivering push notifications to everyone is bad strategy. The best games and apps target their campaigns.
Additionally, creating urgency by tying the push to a limited time event is a strategy game publishers have been using for a while. Juice Box, for example, was able to see a 12% increase in app visits thanks to a push campaign tied to an in-app experience. For apps this means playing off of real world events, or finding features/use cases to highlight.
Personalized messages can also deliver better results than blanket push campaigns. Segmenting your user base against feature use, funnel stage, or time spent in app allows you to tailor different pushes to different groups. We see non-targeted campaigns flop across the industry. Having a real-time segment engine powering your pushes and analytics is crucial.
Similarly to Push, in-app campaigns are powerful tools to market to your existing user base. But again, it is essential to target these campaigns in order to deliver return on investment. We have seen un-targeted campaigns deliver click-thru rates as low as 1%. In contrast, Hothead (a games company) was able to target campaigns at the right segments of users - with significantly improved results. Users who just saw the message spent 40% more time in the app.
Games companies succeed or fail on their ability to get users who have downloaded for free to make a purchase, and as a consequence they work harder to ensure that these types of in-app campaigns really work for them. You should learn from their commitment to targeting.
Having the right push and in-app campaigns are great steps in drawing attention to the desirable user actions. Figuring out the right call to action is the next step to optimizing conversion - in other words getting the user to that state that starts delivering on your business objectives. Figuring out what your call to action should be | 752 |
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1. After you have found the items you would like, check to<|fim_middle|> cases. Some card agencies will even go so far concerning wave the $50 for you, meaning that you will not be out of pocket.
5. Always save copies of your orders and receipts from online purchases. Many stores will redirect you to definitely a page after you've submitted a purchase detailing exactly what was bought, customer information, the prices, etc. You should either print a duplicate of this or save a duplicate to your computer in case any issues arise before the end of the return period. Make sure to save any emails about your items' status or correspondence with the company regarding your orders, too. | see if there are any coupons offered. There are many websites that offer coupons. These coupons can be a certain percent off, a certain dollar amount off or free freight. Many times several coupons are offered. If this is the case, choose the one which will save you the most money.
3. Although it may seem tedious, make sure you read the contract and terms before you purchase in a website. These documents have valuable info on what you can and cannot do when you have a concern with the item that you bought. Read them thoroughly in order that you do not have an unwelcome surprise when trying to come back items.
4. When you are making a purchase online, make certain you use a credit card to pay for the transaction. Bank card users are protected against fraud by federal law and are only accountable for $50 in these | 169 |
It has been a hard few weeks. Actually, it has been a hard few months. I'm sure you all know the feeling: you are running on the hamster wheel, trying desperately to get ahead of the next deadline. There seems no end to it, just a blur of rungs and the endless loop of turning the wheel. Now that I've got out the wheel for a couple of weeks, I feel dizzy and disoriented. You would think that an album of folk songs about the cycle of seasons would make things worse, but it has actually helped enormously.
A week or so ago Mr. Bsag and I were stopped in our tracks by a song on the radio. I think every hair on my body must have stood on end. It was 'Wassail Song' by The Watersons from their Frost and Fire album. It was recorded in 19651, but if you heard the songs in a pub or an apple orchard it could be any time in the last three or four hundred years. The album is a cycle of traditional folk songs celebrating different seasons, starting at Christmas, moving through spring, summer, autumn and back to winter again. It is stripped back to the absolute essentials and just features unaccompanied voices, except for a rather startling drum on 'Hal-An-Tow'.
I listened to it right through yesterday (not on shuffle, obviously), and after a couple of songs I was having trouble holding back tears. I find it hard to explain why2. Voices, and voices singing in harmony — particularly those as beautiful as the Watersons' — always move me, but it wasn't just that. The songs aren't really sad (some are quite jolly, such as 'Hal-An-Tow'), but there's something deep and real about them. They are about timeless, unchanging things. Birth. Death. Resurrection. Fertility. Hunger. Sacrifice. Comfort. Fear. Grief. Joy. John Barleycorn must die because the Huntsman needs his strength. The Derby ram is full of life, but we kill him and make his skin into leather aprons that will last 40 years. Winter is cold, dark and hungry and we need the comfort and warmth of others. Good slays Evil and the Doctor<|fim_middle|> hope that you get time to stand still and make out the unchanging shapes of the stories through the layers and take some comfort from that. | brings Evil back to life, or Evil kills Good and the Doctor resurrects Good. There is always good and evil, death and life, and one can't exist without the other.
The stories in the songs are like pictures drawn on layers of tissue paper. Every generation draws a new picture, but they see the outline of all the stories told before, fading to ghostlines. As the layers build up, the shapes in the stories bulge and flicker like flames in the fire, adapting to the lives of those who tell them. The names change, but the bones of the stories remain the same.
Whether you celebrate Christmas or not, whether you are joyful or grieving, I | 137 |
<|fim_middle|> Parrish | Blue Jay - Cyanocitta cristata
Class: Aves
Family: Corvidae
Genus: Cyanocitta
The blue jay is between 9 and 12 inches in length. It is bright blue on top and white to gray on its throat, chest, and belly. It has a gray-blue crest on its head and black and white bars on its wings and tail. Its bill, legs, and feet are black. It also has a black "necklace" on its lower throat.
The blue jay is found in southern Canada and in the United States, east of the Rocky Mountains. The blue jay is migratory and northern populations may move south in the winter.
The blue jay is common in deciduous forests. It is also found in residential areas.
The blue jay is omnivorous. It eats fruits, acorns, seeds, nuts, insects, mice, and frogs. Sometimes a blue jay raids a nest for eggs and young birds. When a blue jay eats nuts, it holds the nut with its feet and cracks it open with its bill. The blue jay is a seed spreader. It often buries food to eat later. Some seeds and nuts are never recovered and grow into trees and other plants!
The female blue jay lays four to six eggs in a nest made of sticks and twigs and lined with grass. Nests are made in trees and shrubs. The female incubates the eggs, although sometimes the male helps. The eggs incubate for about 17 days. Both parents bring the chicks food.
The blue jay is very aggressive and territorial. Groups of blue jays often attack intruders and predators. They often drive other birds away from bird feeders. The blue jay is also very vocal. It makes a number of different calls including its distinctive "jay- jay." It also growls, whistles, and chatters.
Audio Credit: xeno-canto.org Chris | 406 |
<|fim_middle|> referred to as "cold-blooded" or ectothermic (the Leatherback Sea Turtle might be an exception, see also gigantothermy);. Instead, they rely on gathering and losing heat from the environment to regulate their internal temperature, e.g, by moving between sun and shade, or by preferential circulation — moving warmed blood into the body core, while pushing cool blood to the periphery. In their natural habitats, most species are adept at this, and can usually maintain core body temperatures within a fairly narrow range. Reptiles are thick-skinned; unlike amphibians, they do not need to absorb water. While this lack of adequate internal heating imposes costs relative to temperature regulation through behavior, it also provides a large benefit by allowing reptiles to survive on much less food than comparably-sized mammals and birds, who burn much of their food for warmth. While warm-blooded animals move faster in general, an attacking lizard, snake or crocodile moves very quickly.
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Amanda Marcum
Amanda Salvato
Koala Bears
Feline Hybrids
Redish
Animals Reptiles Page 1 of 2
Reptiles are tetrapods and amniotes, animals whose embryos are surrounded by an amniotic membrane, and members of the class Sauropsida. Today they are represented by four surviving orders:
Crocodilia (crocodiles, gharials, caimans and alligators);: 23 species
Sphenodontia (tuataras from New Zealand);: 2 species
Squamata (lizards, snakes and amphisbaenids ("worm-lizards"););: approximately 7,900 species
Testudines (turtles and tortoises);: approximately 300 species
Modern reptiles inhabit every continent except for Antarctica, although their main distribution comprises the tropics and subtropics. Though all cellular metabolism produces some heat, most modern species of reptiles do not generate enough to maintain a constant body temperature and are thus | 223 |
The Orthodox Presbyterian, Volumul 7
ruptible and undefiled, and that fadeth not away;" and while we thus contemplate the numberless benefits with which we are loaded, the high privileges to which we have been exalted, and the bright prospects we are permitted to entertain of a glorious immortality,—the love of gratitude will be charmed into existence, and fanned into a brighter flame, and will express itself, in the language of deep-felt obligation and elevated piety, "What shall I render unto the Lord for all bis benefits ?» « Bless the Lord, O my soul, and all that is within me, bless his holy name. Bless the Lord, O my soul, and forget not all his benefits ; who forgiveth all thine iniquities; who heal. eth all thy diseases; who redeemeth thy life from destruction; who crowneth thee with loving-kindness and tender mercies ; who satisfieth thy mouth with good things ; 80 that thy youth is renewed like the eagle's."
The love of gratitude has been represented, by some, as a sordid affection, tainted with selfishness. Such persons, however, would do well carefully to distinguish between love for the gift, and love for the person by whom it is conferred. To love the benefits imparted to us, without any corresponding affection towards the individual from whom we receive them, is the veriest seläshness. But the love of gratitude is an entirely distinct principle. It regards the gift as an indication of kindness on the part of the giver, and is in barmony with the universally admitted principle, " that love begets love," that kindness is reflected back upon the individual who sheds bis kindness upon others. Now, may there not be this return of love, without at all detracting from the moral charac. ter of this amiable affection ? I am to love goodness for its own sake, though I may never have been the subject upon whom it was exercised. But, when I see that goodness di. rected towards myself, and pouring out its blessings in a<|fim_middle|> and aim of
every one who is animated by a principle of love.
love me," says Christ, " keep my commandments." "Whoso
keepeth his word, in him verily is the love of God perfected."
"This is the love of God, that we keep his commandments."
Obedience is thus considered as one of the strongest and most
important evidences of our love to him. Let us, then, testify
to the world that we do in reality love God, by rendering unto
him a sincere, willing, uniform and persevering obedience.
It assimilates us to the divine likeness. We delight in the company, and are happy in the society of the friends whom we love ; and wbile we thus associate with them, we almost imperceptibly and unconsciously catch their manner and imbibe their spirit; so that a similarity of character is the invariable result of our friendly correspondence. The case is similar between us and the divine Being. If we love God supremely, we will delight in holding fellowship and communion with him, by means of prayer, the devotional reading of bis Word, and the ordinances of religion; and while we thus hold friendly intercourse through these means, likeness to-bim in all bis imitable perfections will be produced, -bis moral image will be stamped upon our character, the more intimate and uninterrupted our intercourse is, the more will we grow in confor. mity to his likeness. « Beholding, as in a glass, the glory of the Lord, we are changed into the same image, from glory to glory, even as by the Spirit of the Lord." Not merely does this heaven-born principle assimilate us to God; it assimilates us, also, to angels, and to all virtuous and holy intelligences, throughout the amplitudes of creation.
It produces brotherly love. If we love God, we will love his image wherever it is to be found. "Every one that loveth him that begat, loveths him also that is begotten of him." This is as natural and reasonable as it is scriptural
. Were a child presented to us whom we had never seen before, we would have a feeling of benevolence for it, as being one of the same
species with ourselves, descended from the same common parents, and as destined to the same immortal existence. But let us be told that this is the child of a friend whom we love very dearly, and will not our affection be greatly heightened by this very circumstance? We will now regard it with much more interest and attention;--we will delight to trace the features of our friend as they are depicted in its countenance, and just as these features become more and more visible, our love will be growing stronger and stronger; so that in proportion as we love our friend, will we love his offspring. There is something analogous to this between us and God, provided his love has been shed abroad in our hearts. - Suppose a man from Africa or America, or any other quarter of the globe, were introduced to us, we would have an affectionate regard for him, in common with all mankind. But let it be announced to us that he is a servant of God,—that he has been taken out of the family of Satan, and introduced as a member of that glorious family, of which Jesus is the elder brother, and with what different feelings will we regard him ?. Instead of regarding him merely as a son of Adam, he will be looked upon as a son of God by adoption, and an heir of a glorious inheritance. Brotherly love
in the sense in which the Seriptures employ this term, will now occupy the place of those benevolent feelings which we formerly exercised towards him We begin to observe the tenor of his conversation, his intercourse with the world, his walk and conduct through life; and as far as he exhibits in his character those
which shone so conspicuously in the life and character of Christ, so will our love be towards him : the more he is conformed to the Divine image, the more will we love him in a word, the measure of our love to God will be the measure of our love to him. Let us, then, try the reality of our love to God by the love which we bear to his believing people. This is the touchstone by which the world will judge of our discipleship Hereby,'' says Christ;6. shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another."., And it is equally the test by which we may try the genuineness of our own Christianity.
Hereby. we know that we have passed from death unto life, because we love the brethren.". Let the existence of this elevated affection towards the children of God be manifested by our taking delight in their society; reproving and admonishing them, in the spirit of meekness ; forgiving their injuries ; tenderly sympathising with them amid all their joys and soru rows'; extending the hand of kindness to alleviate their disa | full tide of benevolence upon my person, the love which I formerly bad for goodness, considered in the abstract, is now rendered much more intense, by the very circumstance of its haviny singled me out as the object of its beneficent operations. But, does my affection, on this account, partake of the character of selfishness? If it do, then will selfishness obtain a place in the paradise of God; for it is the song of gratitude ibat shall constitute the praise of the redeemed throng throughout eternity. (Rev. i. 5, 6.)
fni. Love to God includes delight in his bappiness. It has been said, that this feeling of delight in the divine blessednebs, or, in other words, benevolence towards himself, his purposes and his interests, can never enter as an element in. to our analysis of love to God, because he is entirely independent of any exercise of such benevolence. Good-will may be exercised towards our fellow-men, because they require it; but cannot be exercised towards the Supreme Being, who, in. stead of needing our good-will, is the fountain of all that we en. joy. This mode of reasoning, however plausible,is founded upon a wrong hypothesis. It supposes that we cannot have bene. volence for an individual without the perception of the need of its: exercise towards that individual. But any one, on a mo: menţ's reflection, will see that we may entertain good-will for à person whose happiness in no wise depends upon its exercise.;, and the more happy an individual is in himself, the greater will be our delight in that happiness ; ; so that our benevolence will just be in proportion as he is independent for his enjoyment upon others. Now, by the happiness of God, we mean that infinitę enjoyment which he has in his own infinite perfections, and the accomplishment of his purposes in the work of creation and providence;, and to take delight in his happiness, is just to sympathize with the joy of our Creator,
- to rejoice in the independent blessedness of Jehovah. What a sublime and elevating exercise, thus to hold a communion of holy delight with the source of all true happiness!
IV. Love to God implies filial fear. Every attentive stu. dent of the Bible knows that the fear of God is there used in two acceptations, entirely different from each other. There is a servile fear, as, when the Apostle says, " Ye have not received the spirit of bondage again to fear." Fear in this sense does not form an ingredient of love to God; for John
says, "there is no fear in love, but perfect love casteth out fear : he that feareth, is not made perfect in love.". From the context, it appears that the fear here spoken of is synonymous with dread, which arises from a consciousness of guilt, and a sense of the danger of punishment. But the fear which constitutes an element of love, is a strong apprehension of the majesty and purity of God,-a high regard and veneration for bis person and authority. The fear of God, as used in this latter sense, is frequently represented, in Scripture, as the sum and substance of vital godliness,+ as the very essence of true religion. "Behold, the fear of the Lord," says. Job, that is wisdom.' The Psalmist also expresses himself thus :$ 0, fear the Lord, ye his saints, for there is no want to them that fear him."....
T'he fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom," &c. It is such fear as is spoken of in these and
other passages of Scripture, that is included in love to God, and might be exemplified by that filial fear with which a dutiful.child regards a highly venerated earthly parent.
V. Another element in love to God is a desire of appropriation. It we truly love any object, we will desire to possess it; and this desire will be proportionate to the purity and intensity of our affection. Now, if we love God supremely, with all the heart, with all the soul, with all the strength, and with all the understanding, we will not be satisfied until we are put in possession of the divine favour. We will not merely take complacency in his character, render gratitude for his goodness, and take delight in -bis happiness,--though these are essential elements in love to bis name, ---but will desire to make God our own, and will never be contented until we are able to adopt the language of appropriation, and say, with David, " God is my strength and my portion for ever. If our love to God were such as the Scriptures enjoin, he would not be addressed by us merely as a God, a Saviour, a Redeemer ; but the language of our souls would be, my God, my Saviour, my Redeemer. To some, this idea of appropriating God to ourselves may seem rather presumptuous. How can the infinite, uncreated, independent, and immutable God become the portion of a finite, created, dependant, aud chargeable creature? It is a truth, which, if we believe the Scriptures, cannot be disputed. Though we may not be able to comprehend the in-dwelling of God in the heart of the believer, by bis Holy Spirit, yet we have the fact upon the authority of the Spirit bimself, that " God is love, and he that dwell, eth in love, dwelleth in God, and God in him." Reader, if you have God for your portion, you are safe, for time and eternity. Having thus considered the nature of love to God, let us now see the influence which it exercises over those in whom it exists. : . It animates obedience. It is impossible for those who love God not to obey him. It will be the ardent desire of all in whom this principle has been generated to please God; and in what way can we please him better, than by obeying his commands ? No matter how difficult these may seem to be ; no matter how unpleasant to human nature ; if love has taken possession of the soul, they will be executed with cheerfulness and alacrity. Love does all it can do, and is-sorry that it can not do more. To say that a person loves. God, and yet at the same time lives in the violation of any of bis commands, or in the wilful neglect of any known duty, is a palpable absurdity.
6 If ye
Can that child be said to love his parent who refuses to obey
bim? No. Disobedience and love are entirely incompatible.
The child who loves his parent, will feel a pleasure in obeying
his parent; and, in like manner, if we love our heavenly Father,
the existence of the principle will be manifested by our yield-
ing, not a reluctant and partial, but a willing and unreserved
obedience to all the precepts of his lav I do not mean bere
to insinuate that we are capable of rendering a perfect and
universal. obedience to the law of God; but I do say, that
perfect conformity to his law will be the desire | 1,500 |
The annual 2019 CultureMap Tastemaker Awards celebrates the best in Dallas-Fort Worth food and drink — and in<|fim_middle|>5-ounce mid-size to an 8-ounce big pour, plus thematic flights that let you sample and compare.
Oak Cliff taqueria and wine shop comes from Jimmy Contreras, whose 15 years of experience in the wine industry means he knows what's good and has the connections. But beyond his expertise, those years gave him a desire to make wine more mainstream, to remove its aura of unapproachability. Pairing them with tacos is one way to do it. Another: sell his wines basically at retail rates, meaning you can enjoy something like a Musar Jeune Rose from Lebanon for $30, far more affordable than what you would otherwise get at a restaurant.
Formerly with Nick & Sam's and Hotel Zaza, The Charles' owner Chas Martin brings a certain level of wine savvy that shows on the list at his new Design District restaurant. His list is small — just under 100 bottles — but unique: mostly Italian, with some of best wine priced at $50 you can buy. They also offer noteworthy selections by the glass, including super Tuscan reds and even Billecart-Salmon Champagne, which you don't see all that often by the glass. | this case, by "drink," we're talking about wine. Food is great but a fine dinner becomes all the finer when accompanied by a glass of wine.
For the category of Wine Program of the Year, we included 10 esteemed establishments: from fancy steakhouses with mega-cellars to a taqueria with a wine program that's truly unique.
Dallas is lucky to have such a wide assortment of places to get a great glass of wine.
From these 10 nominees, our panel of judges, consisting of former CultureMap Tastemaker Award winners and local F&B experts, narrowed it down to one that will win the top award.
You can find out who when the winners are announced at the CultureMap Tastemaker Awards party on April 25 at Fashion Industry Gallery. Tickets are on sale now.
Steakhouses are always a win for wine drinkers, but Al Biernat's is considered to have one of the best cellars in Dallas, if not all of Texas. With more than 700 selections and a cellar of over 10,000 bottles, the program features big names from California, Oregon, France, Italy, and Australia as well as small family producers and hard-to-find gems. Their top-tier service includes Riedel crystal stemware, wine served at the proper cellar temperature, and the guidance of Todd Lincicome who has been named Best Sommelier/Wine Director in Dallas by numerous publications.
As part of a multi-million dollar renovation, the Hotel Crescent Court revived this longtime Dallas favorite in 2018, with a new menu, craft cocktails, and a large selection of Scotch and Whiskey. Its wine list places a strong emphasis on affordability over rarities, but the standout here is in the sparkling category: It has more than 30 world-class champagnes and international sparkling wines from France, California, Italy, and more including Domaine Carneros, Perrier-Jouet, Schramsberg, and Mumm.
Cozy spot in Lakewood is like a cross between a wine cellar and your living room, where you can get a reasonably priced bottle, a flight, or a glass. You can even bring your own wine. Owner Amier Taherzadeh cares less about bagging the Big Cab — although he can get you one if you really want — but instead on providing a place for a quiet, relaxing celebration of the joys of wine.
If it's the ridiculously big steakhouse wine list you seek, then Dee Lincoln Prime fills the bill. Thanks to her days with Del Frisco's Steakhouse, Lincoln has a history with steakhouses and wine, having also founded Dee Lincoln's Tasting Room & Bubble Bar (now closed). Her Frisco restaurant features a high-tech climate-controlled wine cellar with 2,100-plus bottles and a Wineemotion dispensing and preservation system to showcase eight wines by the glass.
Highly accessible wine list includes not just steakhouse staples but also an eclectic variety of new-age, adventurous wines from regions off-the-beaten path. The Grille also emphasizes expertise, with in-house sommelier at each location. The chain recently scored a new exclusive DFG by Paul Hobbs wine: a classic Argentinian Malbec created by legendary winemaker Paul Hobbs specifically for Del Frisco's Grille.
Mediterranean restaurant is acclaimed not only for its food but also for its well-chosen wine list, with a selection of bottles from regions previously unexplored in these parts. It's a clever match for the broad culinary reach of their menu, with wines from Greece, Turkey, Lebanon, Morocco, Slovenia, and Corsica. The average price of a bottle is about $50, offering an attractive opportunity to try something new.
The wine list at this Design District restaurant is singularly, exclusively Italian — from the $40 bottle of Friulano colli orientalli white from Piedmont, all the way to the 2010 vintage Elio Altare Barolo Cerretta, a big bold red Nebbiolo for $470. Prices are not particularly cheap, but how many restaurants in town can you get a fabulous sparkling Franciacorta from Lombardy, in this case the cuvee prestige by Ca' del Bosco, for $14 by the glass?
Bustling pizzeria from the Frontburner group (Whiskey Cake, Mexican Sugar, The Ranch) with two locations in Plano and Dallas is named for the fact that it offers 60 wines by the glass, including wines on tap. Aside from its eco-friendliness, it's customer-friendly, as well. The menu offers options in a variety of quantities, from a 2.5-ounce sip to a | 979 |
Louis Vuitton Marc Jacobs exhibition opens in Paris with cocktails and marabou.
The "Louis Vuitton Marc Jacobs" exhibition at Paris's Musée des Arts Décoratifs sprawls over two floors with the accomplishments of each man receiving equal square footage. But it is hard for a glass vitrine filled with wood-framed trunks wrapped in frayed waxed canvas to compete with a Kate Moss mannequin—her head replaced by that of a snarling panther—wearing a French maid ensemble of Jacobs's design and posed on all fours.
Jacobs and his work are the stars of this exhibition.
The goal of "Louis Vuitton Marc Jacobs" is not to tell a chronological story of how the LV monogram became a status symbol and how Jacobs transformed a luggage and handbag house into a fashion brand. Instead, it is meant to offer an impressionistic exploration of each man's "ah-ha" moments of inspiration and the ways in which they were connected.
Louis Vuitton, who grew up in the Jura region of France, came to Paris as a young man, and established himself as a "packager" in the mid-1800s. He made trunks for an increasingly mobile population, distinguishing himself by creating versions that were lightweight and water-resistant. It could be argued that businesswise, Vuitton came of age in 1854<|fim_middle|> exudes commerce at its most basic level. So while Jacobs has brought artistry, visual culture, and a hyper-popism to Louis Vuitton, it remains that which its founder created: a specialist in packing— and packaging—fashion. | , which was, according to the exhibition, the era of the crinoline. Due to its popularity and bulk, it expanded a woman's luggage needs. Vuitton wisely associated himself with Charles Frederick Worth, the father of haute couture, and he promoted himself as a "specialist in packing fashion." Lest anyone wonder how fashion trunks could be the basis of this now global enterprise, one of the museum galleries displays the group of trunks that one well-dressed woman would require for a modest journey. Thirty trunks—constructed to house everything from crinolines and corsets, to dresses and millinery—are piled high.
That direct connection between fashion, culture, and commerce is the most persuasive argument for a critical exploration of Louis Vuitton. And one wishes there were more instances when that relationship registered with such clarity. Lacking those connections, there are times when the Vuitton portion of the exhibition feels more like a straightforward tour through the company's archives—a place that houses all manner of one-trick trunks that unfold into a bed or that function as a fully outfitted toiletry kit.
Vuitton was a skilled marketer, businessman, and craftsman. He sensed coming cultural shifts. He was savvy about creating and trade-marking monograms and fabrics. (The most famous of those markings—the LV monogram—was created by his son, George Vuitton, in 1896, four years after his father died.) And at the great industrial exhibitions of the day, he displayed only those products that were available for purchase—never the heady concepts and showpieces that his competitors often showed.
Vuitton knew how to build a brand and stoke desires for status. But his product's allure was not in its great beauty but in what its use symbolized. Inside its protective walls lay rarified couture; owning Vuitton trunks by the dozen was a sign of one's full participation in the industrial age of travel.
But while these trunks are aesthetically pleasing, they simply cannot compete with the Technicolor explosion of audacity that flies from the imagination of Jacobs.
The rainy Paris evening of the exhibition's opening, guests lingered in the museum's foyer to admire young women in white Louis Vuitton lace dresses posed on a grand staircase and slowly cooling themselves with marabou fans. They clustered around waiters offering glasses of champagne.
But they moved briskly through the galleries of trunks.
They did not slow down and once again linger until they entered Jacobs's world, which was introduced by a wall of video monitors flashing a chaotic puzzle of images ranging from bits of Elizabeth Taylor in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof to Barbra Streisand in Funny Girl.
Jacobs's voice can be heard—even over the roar of the opening-night crowd filled with editors and designer fans such as Karl Lagerfeld—explaining his thinking on such distinguishing projects as his collaboration with artists Takashi Murakami and Richard Prince. (The voiceovers are in English, but the wall text is in French.) His remarks about his collaboration with Stephen Sprouse are particularly enlightening as he describes how he associated marking up Vuitton bags with graffiti with Marcel Duchamp's L.H.O.O.Q., which depicts the Mona Lisa with a mustache. Jacobs saw himself as both rebelling against an icon and also creating a new monogram.
It's also a pleasure to see examples of Jacobs' early ready-to-wear for Louis Vuitton, in part because so often pieces from those collections were produced in limited numbers—if at all.
In its presentation, the Jacobs portion of the show is filled with energy, from quirky mannequins with animal heads to the animatronic nurses bidding the viewer farewell.
But the wall of handbags—no matter how relevant they may be to the telling of the tale of a company's transformation—still | 790 |
<|fim_middle|>'s Real Estate was initially established in 1955 by the original owner—G.I. "Swede" Smith. Swede was a colorful character, known to nearly everyone and famous for his no-shoes, no-shirt working style. He initially opened the real estate office in the back office of his grocery store and later moved operations to the downstairs of his beach home. For many years, Swede's was the only real estate company on the Bolivar Peninsula. Other companies have modeled their operation after Swede's success. Now on its 4th owner, Swede's Real Estate manages over 200 vacation properties and is well-known up and down the coast for its friendly service and great selection of homes. Many customers tell us their first trip to the beach was with their grandparents who rented from Swede's. While these days, the company insists our employees work in shirts and shoes, our tradition of friendly customer service continues as we serve a new generation of Bolivar beach lovers. | Swede | 2 |
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From Farm to Frame
Alumna's homegrown art featured in Hagfors Center
by webmaster May 29, 2018 Auggies Connect
Amy Rice '93 is represented exclusively by the Groveland Gallery in Minneapolis.
Having grown up in rural Wisconsin, Amy Rice '93 had always anticipated a life of farming. From a young age, she had an appreciation for art and enjoyed depicting<|fim_middle|>Not only is she using original materials in her paintings, but the unusual botanical subject matter seems to fit perfectly in a building [that hosts] the life sciences.
"In addition to botanical accuracy, Amy's drawings transport us into an entirely new realm as leaves and flowers become frames for musical scores or other chosen texts woven into each piece. What a creative, beautiful expression for a university of the 21st century."
Rice's artwork is displayed on the fourth floor of the Hagfors Center. Each of the plants depicted is native to Minnesota, and five of the six grow in the St. Croix River Valley where Augsburg students do ecological research. The five are snow trillium (Trillium nivale), eared false foxglove (Agalinis auriculata), spatterdock (Nuphar variegatum), obedient plant (Physostegia virginiana), and sneezeweed (Helenium autumnale). The sixth wildflower, the Minnesota dwarf trout lily (Erythronium propullans), grows in only three counties of Minnesota and nowhere else in the world.
Tags: Spring-Summer 2018
Generosity Blossoms in Augsburg's Community Garden
- on May 29, 2018
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Copyright © 2023 Augsburg University | Minneapolis, MN | 612-330-1000 | the beauty of nature in her sketches.
"I made art my whole life, but never let myself dream or be so bold as to think I could do it as more than a hobby," she said.
When selling her produce at farmers markets, Rice would display sketches of her flowers and tomatoes, incorporating information about the plants into her sketches. She used the drawings as a backdrop for her produce stand to entice more customers. Soon, her art became popular at the market, and people started inquiring about purchasing her work. When Rice realized that she could earn more from her art than from her crops, she decided to turn her hobby into a profession.
In 2015, when Augsburg University launched an Art and Identity campaign, an initiative to bring original artwork into the new Norman and Evangeline Hagfors Center for Science, Business, and Religion, Rice was already working on a long-term project to draw and write about every plant on her 40-acre northern Minnesota plot. Rice's project connected science and religion by combining the documentation of plant life with the use of liturgical papers to form a type of collage. She also incorporated letterpress samples and her own Augsburg homework into the art pieces, making the project a perfect submission for the Art and Identity campaign.
When potential sponsors were invited to view sketches of the art selected for the Hagfors Center, Stephen K. '67 and Sandra L. Batalden were immediately attracted to Rice's "Six Minnesota Wildflowers to Meet and Know" sketches.
"We immediately liked her work," said Sandra, who shares with Rice an appreciation for the letterpress printing featured in the works. " | 334 |
Home BREAKING NEWS May 22 primaries bring Indian-Americans into state, national races in Arkansas, Texas
May 22 primaries bring Indian-Americans into state, national races in Arkansas, Texas
Ela Dutt
Gayatri Agnew, a senior official at Walmart foundation, was unopposed in her May 22 Democratic primary for the Arkansas House of Representatives from District 93. (Photo: Facebook)
A number of Indian-Americans ran unopposed in the primaries and runoffs held in Arkansas, Texas, Kentucky, and Georgia May 22. Among the contested wins for the community was that of Congressional candidate Sri Preston Kulkarni in Texas, who defeated a fellow Democrat in the primary runoff to contest an incumbent Republican in November.
Unopposed were Gayatri Agnew, a senior executive at Walmart, in the Democratic primary for the Arkansas House of Representatives from District 93. Agnew faces incumbent Republican Jim Dotson in November. In 2016, Dotson was unopposed in the November general election, and in 2014, he defeated Democrat Leah Marie Williams, winning more than 70 percent of the vote. (All vote counts are from Ballotpedia which gets official figures from relevant state agencies).
Chintan Desai, a school teacher from Helena-West Helena Arkansas, also a Democrat from Arkansas, running for the U.S. Congress from District 1. Desai's Republican opponent, incumbent Rick Crawford, was also unopposed in his primary. In 2016, Crawford defeated his Libertarian opponent by a wide margin, garnering more than 76 percent of the vote. And<|fim_middle|> Plummer with 62.12 percent to her 37.8 percent. This was after an earlier primary where the two of them were the top two vote-getters, making a run-off necessary.
Kulkarni's victory come Nov. 6, hangs in the balance, running as he is from what is considered by analysts as a safe Republican district currently in the hands of Pete Olson, first elected in 2008. In the Republican primary, Olson won more than 78 percent of the vote in a four-way race. In the most recent general election in 2016, Olson defeated his Democratic rival, Mark Gibson, 59.5 percent to 40.5 percent.
Ballotpedia describes District 22 as 'Safely Republican", and the Cook Political Report as "Solid Republican." The "Cook Partisan Voter Index" for the district is 'R+10' – meaning that Republicans scored 10 percentage points more votes in the previous two presidential elections, Ballotpedia reports. Two other ratings, Sabato's Crystal Ball and Inside Elections rate it as "Safe Republican" and "Solid Republican" respectively, according to Ballotpedia.
However, Kulkarni has stellar credentials as a former foreign service official and has served on Capitol Hill as a defense advisor to one of the rising stars of the Democratic Party, Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand of New York.
Sri Preston Kulkarni won his primary runoff race defeating a fellow Democrat on May 22, in Texas Congressional District 22. (Photo: kulkarniforcongress.com)
Indian American Impact Fund, a political action committee set up to support progressive candidates, called it a "big night" for candidates from the community.
"IAimpact (@IAImpactProject) tweeted at 10:55 PM on Tue, May 22, 2018:
It was a big night for desi candidates!
Excited for Kulkarni for Congress who won his primary runoff tonight, and to Gayatri Agnew for Arkansas District 93 and Chintan Desai for winning their nominations in Arkansas…."
The AAPI Victory Fund, another organization that supports Indian-American and other Asian and Pacific Islander candidates for office, has endorsed Kulkarni, as well as Aftab Pureval running from Ohio's District 1, Omar Siddiqui from California's District 48, and Suneel Gupta from Michigan's District 11,
Gayatri Agnew, candidate for Arkansas House of Representatives from District 93, with her husband Ryan, and children Rohan and Kamala. (Photo Facebook)
Gayatri Agnew says she is running because she strongly believes in her community and country. "My mother taught me that if you see injustice you don't just wish things would change – you work hard to make them change," she says on her website. And while most families including hers live well, "certainly not all." and her points to infrastructure, high rates of child poverty and rising homelessness in the district.
"I am running on a platform of jobs, high-quality education, and political civility. I'm running to improve the lives of all of our citizens. It's a new day in the 93rd. Join me," she declares.
Before being appointed senior director of Walmart's foundation, Agnew worked in California and Washington in both public and private sectors. She attended Foothill-De Anza Community College before transferring to Seattle University. She holds both a Bachelors of Arts in Political Science and a Masters of Business Administration from Seattle University. She and her husband Ryan have two children, Rohan and Kamala.
Arkansas school teacher Chintan Desai, running for Congress from District 1, listens to a constituent. (Photo: Facebook)
Born and brought up in the U.S., Chintan Desai, who will be facing off against incumbent Republican Rick Crawford in the Arkansas Congressional District 1 race in November, was born in San Luis Obispo, California. He hearkens to his immigrant parents in his profile on the election website. His mother and father, Daksha and Dipak, immigrated from Mumbai, and "With little money and few friends, they built a new life for themselves and their son," he says.
Desai's father worked at a local fast food restaurant and his mother worked at an arts and crafts store. They both worked second jobs at a motel. It was their hard work, Desai said, which was responsible for his attending the University of California, Davis, where he studied Political Science. Desai joined Teach for America and taught fifth grade social studies at KIPP Delta Public Schools, in the rural Arkansas Delta town of Helena.
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Aparshakti Khurana plays deaf and mute interpreter in Berlin | in 2014, he defeated both a Democrat and a Libertarian, with more than 63 percent of the vote in the general election. Crawford first won his seat in 2010. District 1 intersects with what is described as a "Pivot County" where voters gave a majority to President Donald Trump in 2016, but voted in favor of President Obama in 2008 and 2012, Ballotpedia reports.
Schoolteacher Chintan Desai, is running for the U.S. Congress from District 1 in Arkansas. (Photo: Facebook)
In Texas, Sri Kulkarni won decisively in the Democratic primary runoff for the U.S. Congress from District 22, defeating fellow Democrat Letitia | 160 |
Throughout 2019 we will be holding pop up restaurants at Eastfield Farm just on the outskirts of Tintinhull.
Steve James, award winning personal chef, will be hosting the evenings and creating delicious menus for you<|fim_middle|> home, we would be delighted if you joined us in sharing it through our delightful gardens.
The Royal Navy International Air Day will take place at the Royal Navy Air Station (RNAS) Yeovilton in Somerset on Saturday 13 July 2019. RNAS Yeovilton, the spiritual home of the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm, will open their gates up to 40,000 visitors to enjoy the magnificent five hour flying display, meet our Armed Forces personnel and see their equipment up close.
There will also be a huge array of educational ground attractions from interactive Service displays to engineering fairs and state-of-the-art defence technology exhibitions. Families will also be able to enjoy trade stalls, arena displays, helicopter pleasure flights, simulators and fairground rides.
St Margaret's Hospice in Yeovil will open it's gardens to the public on Sunday 14th July 2019 from 12.00 to 4.00pm. Entry fee is three pounds and refreshments will be available.
Steam train trip to celebrate the 25th Anniversary of the Yeovil Railway Centre opening, with the option to visit Salisbury, Sherborne and Stourhead House.
16th Annual Charity Classic & Supercars Show. Porsche will be the 2019 marque feature, with an historic line up of cars including race, rally and road cars from 1948 to the present day. Visitors will also see over 2,000 Classic, Supercars, Veteran, Race, Rally, American, Custom, Hot Rod and Special cars, together with 40+ car clubs, all in the magnificent grounds of Sherborne Castle. With 150+ Trade, Autojumble and Craft stands plus children's amusements, live music, large catering village and beautiful picnic areas, the show has something for all the family.
Adult, in advance £13, at the gate £15; Child (accompanied under 16 years) FREE.
Visit www.classic-supercars.co.uk for more information.
09:30 - 15:30 Song of the Summer!
Bringing out the best that LDC students have to offer in order to produce an official music video for an original song.
5 jam-packed days of choreography, costume designing and the chance to work with a professional guest dancer from our Mentor network!
Working towards a final product that will last a lifetime, this is nothing like you've seen before. | to feast on. All evenings will be bring your own drinks.
The price is £48 per person and tickests must be purchased in advance.
Yeovil Concert Band presents an Easter Concert at Martock Church.
This concert promises to be a great evening of musical entertainment with a varied programme for all the family.
This event takes place each May day bank holiday weekend. Situated on the A37 just south of Yeovil towards Dorchester, over looking the rolling hills of Dorset. It features something for everyone. From Traction Engines to Motorcycles it's all at this fun family day out.
With over 100 trade stands you can get everything from a spark plug for the old car in your garage to that old 16 ton commercial vehicle you wanted to restore.
During the day a full entertainment program is available with ring events, live bands and singers in the refreshment marquee. In the evening the fun continues in the marquee and the fairground stays open until late. Enter the site and take a look around at some of the fun that will happen at this event.
Additional information can be found on the website including entry forms for traders and exhibitors and information about camping.
During the day a full entertainment program is available with ring events, live bands and singers in the refreshment marquee. In the evening the fun continues in the marquee and the fairground stays open until late.
Richard Brinsley Sheridan's classic comedy sparkles with wit, verbal brilliance and an intricate plot exposing the lives and loves of fashionable London society.
Sir Peter Teazle's simple country bride becomes leader of a group of scandalmongers who tear their friends' reputations to shreds. Can anyone escape the outrageous gossip of, amongst others, the aptly named Benjamin Backbite, Lady Sneerwell, Mrs Candour and Snake?
This wonderfully funny play is one of the most engaging high comedies in the English language.
TICKETS ON SALE TO THE PUBLIC FROM 15th April 2019 Adults £12.00 Concessions £11.00.
Sherborne Castle Country Fair is a one-day rural event held in the grounds of Sherborne Castle.
This family day-out is held to raise funds for local children's charities and youth organisations. It is a traditional country fair with displays and attractions, trade and craft stands and a rare and native breed animal show. The 2019 date is Bank Holiday Monday 27th May.
Tickets on the day cost: adult £12.50, child (5-16) £4.00, family* £30.00. Under 5's free. *Admits 2 adults and 3 fee-paying children.
Car parking is free. Dogs are welcome, on a short lead.
Alternatively, click here to go to our internet-based link to buy your tickets.
The Royal Bath & West Show at Shepton Mallet, Somerset, is a fun day out for the whole family. From the country's finest livestock, a miniature railway and farming demonstrations for families, to the National Cheese Awards, vast food halls filled with the finest local produce and the glamour of Ladies Day, there really is something for everyone.
Plenty of interest is expected for a rare group of British vintage motorcycles going under the Charterhouse hammer in their 1st June auction of vintage and classic motorcycles at The Vintage Nostalgia Show at Stockton Park, Wiltshire.
Please click on the attached PDF to read the full article.
As part of the annual Glorious Open Gardens on behalf of St Margaret's Hospice, Court House, Court Lane, Barwick & Stoford BA22 9UA will be open to the public.
The stunning 17th century Court House also has a converted barn and adjacent cottage which both are used for community 'get-togethers' as part of the Geranium Trust, and are also used by St. Margaret's Hospice by kind permission of the owner.
The beautiful gardens surrounding the house lead onto a peaceful wild meadow for you to explore and relax in. The meadow is dedicated to Geoff, the owner's late partner. A giant book sale in the open barn and raffle will also be held on the day. Refreshments will be on sale in the barn, and dogs are welcome on leads.
Entry Price £2.50 The grounds are wheelchair and pushchair accessible, and a WC is available. There is parking on site, and the adjacent roads.
Originating in 2006, Home Farm Fest, set in the grounds of Somerset-based Home Farm in Chilthorne Domer, is the biggest annual fundraiser for the charity we run, the Piers Simon Appeal, raising money for its main initiative, School in a Bag. The 13 festivals have raised over £405,700 thanks to the generosity of the amazing bands/artists/performers who play for FREE and all the volunteers who help run the festival, to support our cause.
This year we have REEF headlining the Domer Stage! with over 130 bands playing over the weekend!
Our Friday night is a little different and we encourage that you come along in your 'Posh Wears & Wellies' to dance the night away and start the weekend off in fine style! It's great fun so join us if you fancy but it's by no means compulsory – just don't be surprised it you see people in their wellies and fineries!
We look forward to seeing you on June 7th/8th/9th this year and helping celebrate 10 years of School in a Bag!
A superb family day out, the very best in the area. The Fest is a lovely traditional event, there is truly something for everyone. Set in the grounds of 13th century Corscombe Court with its Moat and 15th century tithe barn it's a unique place for a day out.
The Fest kicks off at Mid Day and runs until 8pm.
There is entertainment from the opening till the close; starting off with more traditional music and dancing with the South Perrott Steel Band; Jinder, Enigma Morris Dancers and Will and Naomi Folk Singers.
From 4.30 we have some wonderful pop and rock from Mustang Sally and Chill – the party band. They will keep playing all the way to the close at 8pm. There are great stalls, a superb collection of Classic cars, a variety of food from the BBQ and a bar with real ale. Plus games and sideshows; a model aeroplane flying display; Children's fun races; traditional stalls; dog show; pets corner.
There is plenty to keep your young ones happy as well in our kid's area. The dogs show is always a good place to start the day. Have a PIMMS or a real ale on the lawn or a tea and a cake or visit the local food stalls and buy some local produce.
Corscombe is a beautiful unspoilt West Dorset village, just 4 miles from Beaminster, 9 Miles from Yeovil, and 7 miles from Crewkerne.
Tickets are available on the door at only £2 each so bring the family, there is amply free parking.
The gardens will be open from 12.00pm -5.00pm and entry fee is £5.00 to cover entry to all gardens. All monies raised for St Margaret's Hospice. For further details phone Susan Bickle on 01935 709182 or email susan.bickle@st-margarets-hospice.org.uk or details available from Sherborne Tourist Information Centre (TIC) on 01935 815341.
Cancer Research UK's Race for Life is a series of events raising money for research into all 200 types of cancer. Thousands of people uniting with one purpose. To come together. To raise money. To beat cancer. Cancer Research wants to encourage everyone to help fight the cause.
Your support, through events like Race for Life, is what helps us continue our ground-breaking work to see more people surviving cancer. Taking part because you, or a loved one, have been touched by cancer? If so, please join us and help to raise money for life saving research. Every penny helps us beat cancer, but the more you raise the more we can do!
A Race for Life 5k takes about an hour to complete, and the 10k most people taking part will finish within two hours, but remember - Race for Life events are non-competitive, so you can take as long as you like.
This is no ordinary event. People of all ages, abilities and backgrounds take part. There's absolutely no pressure to finish in a certain time. A Race for Life is about uniting in the fight against cancer - no matter what your pace.
One of the best ways to have fun and raise money for Race for Life is to get together as a group. If you'd like to take part with a group of friends and family then we have all the information you need.
For more information and sign up avenues please visit the website.
As part of the annual Glorious Somerset Open Gardens on behalf of St Margaret's Hospice, three gardens in the village of Coat, Martock TA12 6AR will be open to the public on Sunday 23rd June.
These gardens include an established wisteria, a pretty walled garden, a courtyard garden, pond areas, woodland and herbaceous plants, and an interesting scree garden. There is also a mixed orchard, raised vegetable beds and productive vegetable gardens. Refreshments will be on sale at Greystone House for all three gardens. All gardens have a WC and dogs are welcome on leads.
Entry price £5.00 to cover entry to all three gardens.
As part of the annual Glorious Open Gardens on behalf of St Margaret's Hospice, Stanchester Academy, Stoke-Sub-Hamdon TA14 6UG will be open to the public on Wednesday 26th June 2019.
The garden at Stanchester Academy is cultivated by the pupils and is split into distinct areas - orchard, vegetable garden, copse, recently planted tree saplings, and a wildlife haven. We are planting to attract bees and butterflies and creating habitats for wildlife, including bird boxes, insect hotels and hedgehog houses, and are very keen on upcycling.
The garden is wheelchair and pushchair friendly. Refreshments and toilet facilities will be available and dogs are welcome provided they are on a lead.
As part of the annual Glorious Open Gardens on behalf of St Margaret's Hospice, Grovelands Residential Home, 45 Grove Avenue, Yeovil, BA20 2BE will be open to the public on Friday 28th June. Grovelands offers a busy residential garden in the heart of Yeovil.
We really value our community, accessibility and the engagement of our residents and the public. Providing a welcome piece of home away from | 2,302 |
You may have heard of Chi flat irons. There are so many available on the market today but you may not know all about the iron's features. How did it even come to be?
This kind of flat iron originated in professional salons around the world<|fim_middle|>, thin, or wavy. The Chi brings straightening to you as an easy chore. | until it received enough positive feedback to be released on the market. One of the best claims to fame the Chi has is the fact that it was made with moist ceramic heat technology that will not burn or damage your hair. In fact, Chi says their flat iron "was the first model to offer alternative heating options to copper coils." This is great news for those who straighten their hair on a daily basis!
The Chi flat iron was the first styling tool created for straightening hair and is still one of the top sellers today. Over the years it has come up with dozens of new kinds of irons but the original is what started it all. This not only comes with the security of heat prevention, it also was designed with many other features to help make your straightening process smooth and easy. One of those great features is its 360 degree swivel cord made to keep it from getting caught in knots.
One way that the user of the Chi flat irons can benefit is through its comfortability. This tool was designed so that its user would not place strain on their wrist while straightening. With all the comfort for the wrist, everyone can look forward to a better experience when straightening.
Of all the great features the Chi has to offer, the best may just be its ability to make any type of hair look great. This flat iron contains a one-inch ceramic plate to make it easy for anyone to straighten their hair. This tool was made for all kinds of hair, whether you have curly, thick | 307 |
South Florida Blog for Fashion & Lifestyle | Frugal Flirty N Fab!: Boyfriends Floral and Lace!
Hey yall Hey! It's Wednesday and I'm back with another Fab Fit of the Day, This time I brought my Boyfriends, Favorite Florals and Lace with me! Let's get started!
Let's face it Ladies! Some days you just want to jump out of bed, throw on your Favorite Boyfriends, a Cute Top, Fab Shoes, a Pink Pout and hit the Ground Running, Today was definitely one of those days!
I picked up this really cute lace top from H&M a couple weeks ago and wasn't exactly sure what I was going to pair it with until it jumped<|fim_middle|> and beauty fab finds make sure to check me out on You Tube where I share those once weekly. Thanks again and before you leave, What are you Rockin for your Hump Day Fit of the Day? | out at me this morning.
You ever go crazy over a pair of shoes and then when you get your hands on them you never get around to wearing them? These are the perfect example of that syndrome. Just sitting pretty in my closet waiting patiently to be worn and today was the day.
Short, Sweet, and to the point, that's all I got for you today folks! Thanks for stopping by and allowing me to share my Boyfriend Floral and Lace Fit of the Day with you. If you like my fashion | 104 |
While whirlpool tubs, bubble tubs and soaking tubs have been around for years, bathtubs today<|fim_middle|>.
If color and sound are a bit more technology than you need in your bathtub, maybe the Bask heated surface is more your style. These tubs feature heat in their back and neck rests, keeping you warm and toasty while you soak. And, as an added bonus, they are a lot more affordable than the first two options!
While showers also have some amazing technology available, bathtubs now offer more options than ever. What do you think? Would you ever install one of these beauties in your home?
Can I Use a Chandelier Over My Bathtub? | have brought even more technology into the bathroom. Relaxation has just taken on a whole new meaning.
The new VibrAcoustic Hydrotherapy tubs from Kohler combine your favorite music with your bathing experience. Hook up your i-pod, tablet or smartphone to hear your favorite tunes while you relax. But, hearing the music is only one way to use this tub. You can also feel the music as vibrations from the song reverberate through the water from hidden speakers to help you relax. If you don't want to listen to your own playlist, they have also programmed in several different music mixes designed for relaxation. Cool, huh?
If feeling your music isn't your thing, check out the Chromatherapy tubs from Kohler. We know that color has a huge impact on our mood and general state-of-mind; this bathtub technology seeks to use that impact to its fullest. Dim the lights and experience the glow of colored lights beneath the surface of the water. Choose your favorite color for a custom experience, or allow the colors to change in sequence | 213 |
Winter storm<|fim_middle|>
(© josephsjacobs – stock.adobe.com)
According to the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service December crop report, Virginia entered 2022 with "abnormally dry to severe drought conditions" across the state.
NASS statistics also indicated the Lynchburg and Norfolk regions each ended 2021 with precipitation deficits of 8.8 inches compared to normal annual precipitation totals. The Roanoke area recorded a 4.4-inch deficit, and Northern Virginia ended the year with a 7.9-inch shortage.
Only the Richmond region saw above-average precipitation last year, with a 2.5-inch surplus.
As small-grain crops begin to emerge in some areas of Virginia, farmers said the influx of moisture came at a pivotal time.
"We've been really dry. It was one of the driest falls I can remember," said grain producer Glenn Dye, who farms in Appomattox, Fauquier and Stafford counties. "We definitely needed more moisture for the fall crops and some subsoil moisture for the spring crops, and the snow we got definitely helped the crops that are in the field."
Dye, who also serves on the Virginia Farm Bureau Federation Soybean and Feed Grains Advisory Committee, skipped planting winter wheat this year, opting instead to plant rye as a cover crop.
Before the Jan. 3 storm, Dye said the crop was "hanging on," but he wasn't sure it would remain healthy enough to benefit the soil for spring planting. However, the storm brought between 8 and 9 inches of snow to his Appomattox property and 13 inches to Stafford, which allowed the crop to rebound.
"(The snow and rain) we've had has been beneficial," Dye added, noting he and other Virginia grain farmers saw additional rain and snow on Jan. 6 and 7. "Any moisture is a good thing at this point."
Bedford County grain farmer W.P. Johnson said he and other nearby farmers struggled to plant small grains in the fall due to soil aridity.
Johnson planted oats and wheat, and said he only managed to get his seeds deep enough in the ground because he recently rebuilt his planters' drill. With the benefit of moisture from the Jan. 3 storm—he received 4 inches of wintry mix on his farm—each crop is progressing well.
"The moisture from the snow really pulled out our small grain crops and let them emerge, and I can actually see what kind of stand I have," he said. "Without the snow, I don't know my emergence would have been what it is. We got lucky." | delivers much-needed moisture to Virginia farmland
Published Saturday, Jan. 15, 2022, 11:30 am | 31 |
How about a forum abot Entertainment? Is that good?
What, more specifically as it relates to Pathfinder might be in this forum?
Unless he mean how to entertain the kids when we take them to camp out, etc.
Do ya'll entertain the Pathfinders on your campouts? In our club, we keep them soooo occupied with nature study<|fim_middle|> new yet. That is: Pathfinders is about the kids and since it is not all games it should all be as fun as possible ant that is what every topic and catagory of this forum is about. Yes?
Thankfully, that is something that has never died away from pathfinders. I love sitting in front of a fire and just chatting with the club. | , nature honors, Bible bowl practice and hiking on campouts that there's no time for entertainment. The main complaint of the kids on our last campout was that we kept them too busy.
During the day we do all the things that you mentioned. But during the evening we do have competition games for them.
So I guess, I am not seeing anything | 72 |
Centers, Sanctuaries & Chapters
25 Years<|fim_middle|> week.
What brought you to Constitution Marsh?
Close to 30 years ago, I came to see it out of curiosity. I had read about it in an Audubon Field Guide. I always had a deep interest in the natural world. I met Jim Rodd, who was my predecessor — he was leaning out a window, painting a ledge. We developed a friendship, and he ended up recommending me for the job.
What is the most important change you've implemented?
The continuous restoration of the habitat matters most of all. There is no finish line. The marsh is incredibly complex, and we're barely scratching the surface of how we understand it and what we can do to maintain it. We're concerned about rising sea levels and climate change; we're always thinking about what it might look like in 50 years.
What has been the most positive aspect of working at the marsh?
As a younger person I used to be focused on birds, wildlife and habitat. But the real joy and pleasure here came from the people I've worked with, including the seasonal staff. Seeing them mature and gain an understanding of the consequences of what we do here, and what they can continue to do, has been rewarding. People connect to this place and lifelong friendships develop. I've also enjoyed working with my colleagues on the Philipstown Conservation Board.
What's been the greatest challenge?
We're a small facility in a region which has exploded in popularity. We have the desire to show off the site, but we have restraints in how to handle it.
How would you describe your new position?
I'll be looking at projects statewide, and I'll be able to apply what has worked here on a broader scale. It's a big change, but I'm not leaving Audubon. I'll always be connected to the marsh.
Is there a small thing that gets to you most about the marsh?
There's no singular thing. It's so extraordinarily beautiful and interesting. It's a privilege to be in a place for so long that you become aware of how little you know about it.
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Long Island Students Spread Artful Awareness | at Constitution Marsh
Longtime director (and photographer) Eric Lind moving on
Original story published by The Highlands Current
November 2, 2018 | By Alison Rooney
Eric Lind, who has spent 25 years at the Constitution Marsh Audubon Center and Sanctuary in Garrison, including the past 20 as director, will depart this month to relocate to Albany, where he will become director of community science and restoration for Audubon New York.
During Lind's quarter-century at the sanctuary, its budget doubled. Among other accomplishments, he oversaw the construction of the boardwalk and developed a year-round internship and mentoring program for students entering the conservation field. (To honor his work at the marsh, Audubon New York is creating a scholarship fund in Lind's name for high school and college students.)
This weekend, the Garrison Art Center is hosting an exhibition of photographs that Lind has taken at the marsh (including in its waters) and the surrounding area. The Marsh opened today (Nov. 2) and continues Saturday and Sunday from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. The Current spoke with Lind earlier this | 234 |
What is combustion, and how does it<|fim_middle|> Students become carbon atoms on a journey through the pre- and post-industrial carbon cycle. | affect the carbon cycle? 8. How does deforestation affect the carbon cycle? Go to the web site: Cycles Worksheet... Nitrogen Cycle Worksheet. Introduction: Animals are able to obtain nitrogen through eating plants and animals. Plants have much harder time obtaining nitrogen as they can only absorb nitrogen when it is mixed with oxygen or hydrogen.
Apparatus and materials . The teacher will need: An OHT showing the carbon cycle (Figure 1). A copy of the carbon cycle A4 sheet for each pupil (Figure 1).
Carbon is also a part of the ocean, air, and even rocks. Because the Earth is a dynamic place, carbon does not stay still. It is on the move! Because the Earth is a dynamic place, carbon does not stay still.
THE INCREDIBLE CARBON JOURNEY . Has the carbon cycle changed since we started burning fossil fuels? | 180 |
Startups Money
Flipkart raises $1B from Tiger Global, Naspers, Singapore's GIC & others
Peer 29 Jul, 2014
India's largest e-commerce platform Flipkart.com has raised $1 billion (around Rs 6,000 crore) in a fresh funding round co-led by two of its existing investors Tiger Global and Naspers. One of the two sovereign wealth funds of Singapore, GIC, along with other existing investors Accel Partners, DST Global, ICONIQ Capital, Morgan Stanley Investment Management and Sofina, also participated in this latest financing round.
Flipkart said in a press event on Tuesday afternoon that it would use the money for long-term strategic investments in India, especially in mobile technology.
Flipkart co-founders Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal, who are unrelated to each other, said in a joint statement, "We have close to 22 million registered users today. We handle 5 million shipments a month. These numbers were unheard of a few years back and we are excited about the scale we have managed to achieve. But what is even more exciting is the huge opportunity that we still see before us."
They added that India has 24<|fim_middle|>10 million investment led by DST Global, a global investment firm focusing on internet with participation of existing investors Tiger Global, Naspers and Iconiq Capital. South Africa's Naspers had brought in $52 million during this round taking its holding to $17.7 per cent.
Last year it had raised $360 million in two tranches from Dragoneer Investment Group, Morgan Stanley Investment Management, Sofina, Vulcan Capital, and Tiger Global.
In 2012, it had raised around $150 million from Tiger Global, Naspers, Accel Partners and Iconiq Capital. Prior to that it had scooped around $32 million in multiple tranches from Accel Partners, Tiger Global besides its angel investors.
While the firm was using money raised from investors to support operational cash burn in the past it has been bulking up lately to boost capex and take bigger bets.
The company recently announced it is on course to surpass its target of $1 billion in gross merchandise value for the current financial year.
In May, Flipkart acquired Myntra Designs Pvt Ltd, the company which runs the online fashion and apparel shop Myntra.com. As part of the deal, Myntra's co-founder and CEO Mukesh Bansal joined Flipkart's board. He also heads its fashion vertical. However, both the entities remain independent. Flipkart is planning to invest $100 million in the fashion business alone, a high margin vertical and one of its weak points before it snapped Myntra.
Meanwhile, GIC's investment in Flipkart is interesting as it is one of the two sovereign wealth funds of Singapore. Temasek, which is the other, recently backed Flipkart's domestic arch rival Snapdeal.
GIC and Temasek have been among the most prominent sovereign wealth funds in the country and have been particularly bullish over backing market leaders, be it banking, telecom or other sectors in the economy.
Flipkart Pvt Ltd, the key holding arm of Flipkart, happens to be a Singapore incorporated entity.
PremjiInvest, the private investment arm of Wipro chief Azim Premji, is a common investor in both Flipkart and Snapdeal, the top two Indian e-commerce marketplaces.
Both Flipkart and Snapdeal compete with Amazon.in, the Indian marketplace launched by the world's top e-commerce firm Amazon last year.
(Edited by Joby Puthuparampil Johnson)
Flipkart India Pvt. Ltd. GIC Singapore Naspers Ltd. Tiger Global Management LLC
Google claims CCI order will lead to user exclusion, developers refute
Prasid Banerjee 13 Jan, 2023
Doctors in UP hospital perform robotic surgery to remove thyroid cancer | 3 million internet users and the firm wants to enable every Indian to either shop or sell online. "And we believe that the power of the mobile internet is going to help us achieve this goal," they said.
"By 2020 India will have more than half a billion mobile internet users. Our intense focus on mobile and technology puts us in a unique position to take advantage of this massive opportunity," according to the co-founders.
"This new funding will enable us to step up our investments for innovations in products and technologies, setting us up to become the mobile e-commerce company of the future. This funding will help us further accelerate momentum and build our presence to become a technology powerhouse," they added.
This development takes the total fundraise by Flipkart to date to around $1.75 billion, making it not just India's but one of the single-biggest private funding rounds for a tech venture globally.
Some other large notable deals globally include Facebook's record $1.5 billion transaction ahead of its IPO (which included a secondary component, meaning that portion went to selling shareholders and not into the company); taxi booking app Uber's recent $1.2 billion deal which had set a new benchmark for fresh funding and Yahoo's $1 billion deal to buy a stake in Alibaba.
Within India, the latest deal also translates into the third-biggest private equity/venture fundraise ever. The other two deals include Temasek's $2 billion deal to buy a stake in Bharti Telecom, a private holding firm of Bharti Airtel, and Qatar Foundation's $1.2 billion transaction last year to buy a stake in Bharti Airtel.
Although Bharti Infratel, the public listed tower arm of Bharti Airtel, had raised $1.25 billion from a group of investors including Temasek in FY08, in rupee terms it was much smaller than the latest funding of Flipkart.
Flipkart's new fundraise comes barely two months after it announced a $2 | 410 |
From Another Era, a Message for Our Time
January 20, 2015 · by Walk About New York · in Broadway Theater, Ephemeral New York, Things to See. ·<|fim_middle|>'ve been getting along pretty good for quite a while now – we're certainly much obliged. Remember all we ask is just to go along the way we are, keep our health; as far as anything else is concerned, we leave that up to you. Thank you."
—Grandpa Vanderhoff, offering grace in
You Can't Take It With You
Tags: Broadway, Comedy, Elizabeth Ashley, George S. Kaufman, James Earl Jones, Longacre Theater, Moss Hart, Play, Pulitzer Prize, Theater, You Can't Take it with You
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One response to "From Another Era, a Message for Our Time"
Jess @UsedYorkCity February 3, 2015 at 9:40 AM · ·
Really loved this play…besides the powerful message, it was such a relief to see a solid comedy back on Broadway. The dancing sister (Essie?) had a big ol' smile on my face the entire show! |
"What makes you think you're such a superior human being? Your money? If you do, you're a dull-witted fool, Mr. Kirby. And a poor one at that."
—Grandpa Vanderhoff, from You Can't Take It With You
The marquee outside the Longacre Theater, 220 West 48th Street.
Since September of 2014 Broadway has been brightened with the zany antics of the Vanderhoff/Sycamore family and company in the endearing comedy, You Can't Take It With You. Starring James Earl Jones, and featuring the comedic talents of Julie Halston and Elizabeth Ashley, this revival will be at the Longacre Theater through the end of February. Treat yourself: attend a performance.
Fireworks and romance explode at "You Can't Take It With You."
How well the play's message of living life to the fullest, working at what makes you happy and leaving worry aside applies to today's high-pressured society. What you can't take with you is money, needless to say. All the play's characters make it clear that they do not need—nor do we—the amount of money (and what it buys) that others urge us to earn to be happy. This delightful play makes clear that today's hot-button topices such as income inequality, the 1% vs. the 99% and the quest for satisfying life work are not particular to our time. However, we do need the very sort of jolt that You Can't Take It With You gives us to reinforce these ideas.
The stage set for "You Can't Take it With You."
Even the stage sets reenforces the idea that following one's own path is the preferred one to take. All the play's action takes place at the Vanderhoff home. The exterior of the house greets audience members when they enter the theater's auditorium. Its comfortable, welcoming design contrasts sharply with its stiff, stone neighbors. Grandpa Vanderhoff is not about to conform to someone else's style.
Click to read Ben Brantley's review in 'The New York Times.'
George S. Kaufman and Moss Hart's three-act, comedic play You Can't Take It With You made its Broadway premiere on the 14th of December 1936; it had a run of 838 performances. The play won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 1937. In August of the following year Columbia Pictures released Frank Capra's film version, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture and Best Director. It starred James Stewart as Tony Kirby, Jean Arthur as Alice Sycamore and Lionel Barrymore, as Grandpa Vanderhoff.
The ceiling at the Longacre Theater.
Now owned by the Shubert Organization, the Longacre Theater is named for Longacre Square, which we know as Times Square today. It was built in 1913 by producer/manager H.H. Frazee, better known as the owner of the Boston Red Sox. To raise needed cash for his theatrical enterprises, Mr. Frazee sold Babe Ruth's contract to the New York Yankees. It was believed that a curse hung over the theater because of it. For years superstitious producers would not engage the theater, fearing their productions would flop.
"Well, Sir, here we are again. We | 691 |
Leamington man crowned conker champion of the world
John Doyle smashes his way to win 2014 World Conker Championships
Ben Eccleston
John Doyle and Stephanie Withall are respective World Champions at the World Conker Championships in Southwick, Northamptonshire. Steve Parsons/PA Wire
Our free Warwickshire email updates are<|fim_middle|> and even a criminal record for using the wrong wood | the best way to get headlines direct to your inbox
A Leamington man conker-ed any nerves he may have had to triumph in the final at the 2014 World Conker Championships.
John Doyle took the crown of world conker champion after seeing off competition from 186 other entrants at the annual tournament held in Southwick, Northants.
Around 1,800 spectators enjoyed four hours of conker-bashing action at the Shuckburgh Arms country pub before the final match-up saw computer programmer John take on ladies champion Stephanie Withall.
John took his time to come out on top and be given the honour of being crowned overall world champion.
John Doyle beats Ady Hurrell to become the Men's World Champion at the World Conker Championships: Photo: Steve Parsons/PA Wire
The championships, which are now in their 48th year, are organised by the Ashton Conker Club and entrants must abide by a strict set of rules.
While competing, each participant selects a conker at random and has five minutes to wrap up the victory. If there is no winner, then the contest comes down to sudden death.
Also any entanglement of laces sees the striker warned and three warnings leads to a disqualification.
Started by a group of pub regulars, the first event was held in 1965, with its global fame now so widespread that entrants from 15 countries turned up this year, according to organisers at the Ashton Conker Club.
St John Burkett, one of the organising volunteers, said in countries where there were horse chestnut trees, like Canada, it was easy enough to find the right tools with which to practise.
However, competitors in other far flung climes had been known to use macadamia nuts or sea shells to get their eye in, ahead of the event.
Somewhat typically, he also revealed that the home nation's biggest international rivalry was with the French - "we had had a French winner here once".
Mr Burkett said the event continued to be a huge draw and had previously attracted 6,000 people, but a desire to keep the focus "all about the conker" meant this year's was on a smaller scale.
Competitors - 187 registered to play this year - in the men's, ladies' and junior categories are matched on eight white playing podiums in the main arena, taking swipes at each other's conkers until one is shattered.
Conkers are handed out on the day of the event preventing tricks like soaking them in vinegar to harden them and thus gaining an unfair advantage.
The path to victory is a mix of technique, power, and luck, according to Mr Burkett.
UK & World NewsWhy using the wrong wood in your burner could land you with a £300 fineNew rules to protect the environment could mean a hefty penalty for some | 596 |
About Research Affairs
Support LLU Research
The following is an excerpt from a book by Richard A. Shaefer about Loma Linda University, The Glory of the Vision (expected publication date: 2011).
Part I. How Can We Do Research?
The First Steps Forward
The Harveian Society
We Entertain the Idea of Research
Ten Research Specialties
Inheritors of the Harveians: The Society of Scholars
Our Research Has Now Arrived
Part II. How We Are Doing Research
The Pre-Research Era (1906-1922)
The Era of Freedom to Do Research (1922-1951)
The Era of Externally Mandated Research (1952-1961)
The Era of Research Fostered (1962-1991)
The Era of Research as a Mission (1992-Present)
High Quality Graduate Programs Secure Excellence in Research
Section I: How Can We Do Research?
The First Steps Forward1
For the first two decades of its existence, Loma Linda University did not prioritize research. Instead, corporate energy had to be directed toward establishing the institution, defining its purpose and direction, and developing curricula in nursing, medicine, and dietetics. Despite worrisome financial uncertainties hovering in the background, men and women of vision, dedication, and faith managed—over time—to create the College of Medical Evangelists.
The second decade brought grave concerns about the very survival of the School of Medicine. When the American Medical Association (AMA) evaluated medical schools throughout the United States, they determined that only those rated "A" would be allowed to continue. This recognition finally came in 1922. Relief from the pressures of uncertainty enabled Administration and Faculty to concentrate on the growth and quality of education. Lack of adequate finances, however, always shadowed the small institution.
Involvement in research and excellence in teaching at LLU is rooted in the third decade of Loma Linda's development. The youthful perspectives brought by new professors (recent graduates) in the School of Medicine largely accounted for this turn of events.
The Harveian Society was established in 1928, primarily under the leadership and enthusiasm of G. Mosser Taylor (Class of 1924) and Cyril B. Courville (Class of 1925). According to its constitution, "The general aim of the Harveian Society is to develop the scholarly attainments of this school in a way to achieve the high standard reached by Daniel and his comrades in the golden days of old Babylon. Also, in a very definite manner, to demonstrate irrefutably that one may hold by faith to spiritual truths and at the same time be exact scientifically."
Specific goals of the society were:
To stimulate research,
To advance medical educational methods,
To develop a higher type of graduate, and
To encourage the highest type of graduate to join the faculty of CME.
The name "Harveian" was chosen because it suggested a "scientific society associated with research."2 Membership in the society was open to any faculty member or graduate of CME. Active membership, however, had specific requirements:
To prepare one paper per year acceptable for publication,
To facilitate improvement in teaching,
To be knowledgeable about current literature in one's field, and
To abstract important articles on a monthly basis.
These abstracts were presented at monthly society meetings, and some of them were published in the weekly issues of The Medical Evangelist (until 1936). When The Journal of the Alumni Association College of Medical Evangelists (Alumni Journal) began in 1931, occasional abstracts appeared there also.
The first meeting of the Society took place on September 18, 1928.3 Regular society meetings convened thereafter on the third Tuesday evening of the month (except July and August). The venue alternated between the Loma Linda and Los Angeles campuses.
Finances and Honors. The Harveian Society actively encouraged School of Medicine alumni to support research projects by donating on a regular basis. The School of Medicine Alumni Association created the Alumni Research Fund in order to foster their members' involvement. Nonetheless, it was an uphill climb. Frequent pleas arose, begging for more vigorous support. H. James Hara (Class of 1918) suggested that all alumni donate a dollar a year for each year since their graduation.
Another Society activity promoted the recognition of high achievement by students. For instance, the Heritage Room has a copy of a book inscribed: "Presented to Carrol S. Small, MD, by The Harveian Society of the College of Medical Evangelists in recognition of the excellent scholarship he attained on National Board of Medical Examinations."
Publications. In 1939 the Society began publishing the Harveian Review, a journal edited by Charles B. Coggin (Class of 1935).4 Other editors included Dr. Carrol S. Small (Associate Editor). Also, Lloyd K. Rosenvold (Class of 1936); and William C. Bradbury (Class of 1935) served as Managing Editors.
Lead articles and editorials often described the value of research. Two columns appeared on a fairly regular basis: "Recent Publications by Society Members" and "Clinical Notes." The latter were abstracts of "new advances in medical practice." There were also short articles on various subjects such as medical topics, reports of research, and news affecting the school. Although the journal called itself a quarterly, seven issues appeared in the first volume and two in the second. The last issue in library archives is dated August 1941.5
The Harveian Society and Harveian Review faded from sight after 1941. World War II engulfed the world, with the U.S. a participant by December 1941. Many of the Society's active supporters now wore military uniforms, soon to be scattered about the globe. Once again, CME fought for survival. This time the struggle was to retain adequate faculty and to make certain that students were graduated before being drafted.
Although it existed for only thirteen years, the Harveian Society raised the consciousness of the institution about research. To be sure, there was no groundswell of support. Many faculty members either could not see the value of research or felt that they did not have the time to do it. Moreover, the continuing need for funding meant frequent appeals to alumni and others, often with disappointing results.
Nonetheless, one could see a few flickers of hope. In 1936, new laboratory buildings in which research took place were constructed on campus (anatomy and pathology). A brief collaboration with the W. K. Kellogg Foundation brought in new equipment and personnel. Alumni gave financial support. Research accomplishments were often listed in The Medical Evangelist and the Alumni Journal. In 1941 March of CME announced that from the time the Harveian Society began the following works had been produced: "Ninety major studies, forty-four case reports and clinical notes, and twelve technical notes in addition to a textbook and five medical monographs."6
The challenges and triumphs of these early stalwarts of research at LLU may sound unfamiliar to us sixty years later. In contrast, in today's academic setting, the vital importance of research is recognized. Now the specialists do the fund-raising and grant applications. Still, we must salute the members of the Harveian Society for their early vision and seed sowing.
Awareness. Since the beginning, CME's team of educators drew eagerly but passively from the general fund of medical knowledge contributed by men and women who had researched and experienced what they needed to know.
Having no faculty engaged in basic research was perceived as a deficiency. The CME faculty and administration recognized that the School's on-going accreditation depended on their developing programs of scientific research. CME, however, continued to operate under the handicap of meager finances, primitive equipment, and almost non-existent research assistants. Ongoing and heavy teaching responsibilities detracted the professional staff from engaging in much-needed research.
In 1937 Harold Shryock, MD, the future dean who had once been a full-time research assistant, enrolled at Harvard University for a six-week elective course, "Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology." Following the lecture each day, one of his anatomy professors would disappear into a laboratory to engage in a personal research project. One afternoon Shryock caught up with him in the hallway. "Professor," he called. "I have a great interest in promoting research where I work at the College of Medical Evangelists. What future training do I need in order to do my own research?
The man turned and asked, "You're a physician, aren't you?"
"What more training do you need?"
With that the professor continued on his way, leaving Shryock to absorb what he'd just been told. The message was clear. "Get to work with what you have." The man's words served to motivate Dr. Shryock for many years to come.
Stepping Forward. Dr. Shryock firmly believed that an ongoing research program would stimulate the faculty, improve the quality of teaching, and increase the students' appreciation for their school. On the other hand, maintaining the status quo would lead to an inferior grade of medical education. He observed that other institutions that were scientifically productive, thanks to private funding, were beginning to overshadow his beloved CME. Private funding appeared to be making the difference.
Wanting to help correct CME's weakness, Shryock tried in his own way to conduct basic research projects. His efforts resulted in fifteen published scientific articles in the areas of cytogenesis (the formation of cells) and congenital anomalies of the nervous system. Co-authors included CME alumni, a resident physician at the Los Angeles County General Hospital, and CME faculty colleagues. In several instances, Shryock involved students and proudly published their names as participants.
Some of the articles reported congenital anomalies researched in the CME Department of Anatomy, including an illustrated description of methods developed in Loma Linda to help medical students visualize the internal features of the human brain. The American Association of Anatomists admitted Harold Shryock to membership on the strength of that article alone.
Almost from the beginning, the School of Dentistry administration recognized the value of research in educating student dentists and in improving patient care. In 1956, three years after the School had opened, Dean M. Webster Prince acknowledged that his teaching faculty had insufficient time for research. To remedy the problem he immediately started working to secure more full-time faculty to share the teaching load.7
When the School's new building opened in 1955, two major research rooms were created, one for biological research and one for dental materials. In addition, a small research area adjoined each faculty member's private office. Thus teachers could take an active part and develop their ongoing interests in the context of the School's research program.
1. TURP. Roger W. Barnes, MD
Roger W. Barnes (Class of 1922), developed a surgical procedure that has been most widely used throughout the world. The device deals with obstructions in the flow of urine because of the enlargement of the prostate gland.
Dr. Barnes enhanced and popularized the trans-urethral resection of the prostate (TURP) on the Los Angeles campus of the College of Medical Evangelists. The procedure has had a major impact on patient care over many years.8
2. Pain Control: Dr. Niels Bjorn Jorgensen, DDS
Today, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry owes much of its international reputation to a technique of dental pain control. Niels Björn Jörgensen, a specialist in local anesthesia and sedation developed it.9 His technique, which can be used in any branch of dentistry, involves intravenous sedation in conjunction with a local anesthetic to reduce patient apprehension and fear. This sedation technique allows the patient to hear and respond rationally.10
While general anesthesia puts the patient to sleep, the "Loma Linda Technique" maintains the patient's protective cough reflex and allows cooperation with the dentist. It individualizes the dosage of the medication, administering it in small increments, according to the patient's response. Dr. Jörgensen promoted the designation "Loma Linda Technique" (rather than the "Jörgensen Technique" as it is known by many of his peers). Forrest E. Leffingwell, MD (Class of 1933) "incalculably aided" Dr. Jörgensen.11
Dr. Jörgensen's teaching film, "Inferior Alveolar, Lingual and Buccal Nerve Block," won the "1st Grand Prix." The International Dental Film Competition in Paris in March 1965, judged it best, among the seventy films submitted. In all, Dr. Jörgensen made nine films. Schools of dentistry around the world used these classics for years. They were translated into other languages and kept in constant circulation by the Bureau of Audio-Visual Services of the American Dental Association. Dr. Jörgensen's textbook, Sedation, Local and General Anesthesia in Dentistry (published in 1966), was distributed throughout the United States, Western Europe, and South America.
Dr. Jörgensen's teaching program at Loma Linda University anticipated by at least fifteen years most of the recommendations in the Guidelines for Teaching the Comprehensive Control of Pain and Anxiety in Dentistry (1971). The American Dental Association published his book in 1971. In 1960 Dr. Jorgensen won the prestigious Heidbrink Award, presented by the American Dental Society of Anesthesiology. In 1966 he received the John Mordaunt Prize, the highest honor of the British Society for the Advancement of Anesthesiology in Dentistry, being its sole recipient until his death in 1974.
Norman Trieger, DMD, MD, editor of the Journal of Anesthesia Progress (the official publication of the American Dental Society of Anesthesiology) referred to Dr. Jörgensen as "one of the giants in anesthesiology in dentistry, and in particular, in the education of the undergraduate student...[in the technique of] sedation."12 The National Institutes of Health based its guidelines for pain control on the Jorgensen Technique.13
Dr. Jörgensen came to the United States in 1919 after completing pre-medicine studies in his native Denmark. In 1923 he earned his Doctor of Dental Surgery degree from the University of California School of Dentistry. Dr. Jörgensen joined the faculty of Loma Linda University, first in 1942 as an Associate Professor in the School of Medicine. At that time, he began his studies into sedation for pain control, mainly related to nerve blocks in the neck and skull. He eventually joined the School of Dentistry faculty as professor. He also invented a self-aspirating carpule syringe, a significant protection against ultra vascular injection. After thirty-two years on the faculty of Loma Linda University, he retired in 1969. Still, he continued to be active in the School of Dentistry as Emeritus Professor of Oral Surgery, where he continued teaching dental students his methods of pain control.
According to the School of Dentistry's third dean, Dr. Judson Klooster, "Dr. Jörgensen's contribution to the dental profession will go down in history as one of the giant steps which took dentistry out of the aboriginal woods. We feel fortunate to have benefited from his professional expertise and the inspiration of his personal life."14
At the 1971 President's Convocation, President David J. Bieber presented Dr. Jorgensen with a plaque honoring him for his major scientific contributions to Loma Linda University.
In response, Dr. Jorgensen wrote: I have received many plaques, but none as precious to me as this one…. Loma Linda has from the beginning been of great importance in my life, and in spite of my accent, not being a born American and being raised in a different church, I have met so much cooperation and kindness from everybody: administration, faculty, students, and alumni, that I am the one who has been the recipient from this University."15
3. Fetal Monitoring: Edward H. G. Hon, MD
The fetal monitor is an electronic instrument that assesses the condition of the fetus before birth. Its use significantly reduces the dangers associated with childbirth. Edward H. G. Hon, (Class of 1950), pioneered fetal monitoring. With an extensive background in electronics engineering, he initiated his research in 1955 as a member of the faculty at Yale University. He continued his research at the White Memorial Medical Center (1960-1964) and again at Yale, where he developed the world's first fetal intensive care unit (1969).16
The device made monitoring the heart rate of the unborn infant a simple procedure. The obstetrician can now hear the fetal heart rate continuously, even during labor contractions. In addition, the monitor enables obstetricians to measure the strength and frequency of uterine contractions. The evaluation of fetal heart rate and uterine contractions together provides information about the condition of the unborn infant and how well it tolerates labor. This information helps prevent complications during labor and delivery which otherwise could lead to fetal damage and death.17
According to Dr. Hon, a baby's heartbeat is usually between 120 and 160 beats a minute. "For a physician to obtain any meaningful check, he must count those beats frequently and accurately. Few can do this during labor without significant error. Of course, the greater the error, the more inaccurate the count." Dr. Hon's fetal heart rate monitor provides accurate, continuous records of fetal heart rate throughout labor and delivery.18
Life magazine featured Dr. Hon in 1969, while he still worked at Yale University. Between 1956 and the Life report, he had monitored over 3,000 births, including that of his own son. Explaining monitoring and its importance, Life magazine described the event:
The fetus must struggle to survive the strains and pressures being put upon it. For years attending doctors have had no reliable way -- nothing better than a stethoscope -- to tell precisely when the fetus was in trouble. Consequently, some five to seven infants per thousand die unexpectedly each year.
The instant a baby gets into trouble -- a squeezed umbilical cord, a compressed head or a shortage of oxygen -- its heart reflects a precipitous fall on the machine's graph. Fortunately, 90% of all fetal distress is caused by umbilical cord compression. Once spotted, it can usually be relieved by simply changing the mother's position.
When the unit…was tried on four hundred mothers with histories of difficult labor, the results were impressive. None of the babies died, the number of Caesarean sections for fetal distress was reduced by 75%, and the number of injured babies was cut by 50%. Hopefully, Dr. Hon's new system could save as many as 20,000 babies a year.19
Fetal monitoring dramatically enhances good obstetrical care in hospitals and clinics around the world. It has reduced fetal death and brain damage during labor. Dr. Hon's fetal monitoring system was first installed at Loma Linda University Hospital in late 1968.20
4. Selective Coronary Arteriography: Melvin P Judkins, MD
In 1966 Melvin P. Judkins (Class of 1947), introduced the Judkins Technique of Coronary Arteriography, which creates X-ray pictures of the blood vessels of the heart. While he did not originate coronary arteriography, Judkins' technique and ingenious catheter designs greatly simplified the procedure. Instead of obtaining patents for his inventions, which would have made him extremely wealthy, he gave them to the world of medical science.
During the procedure, a radiologist eases a tiny hollow plastic tube (about the diameter of the lead in a large pencil) up the large artery of one of the legs, first to the aorta and then, in turn, to the left and right coronary arteries. In each location of study colorless liquid called "contrast" is injected through the tube (vascular catheter) into the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle, making them visible on X-ray film. The patient's physician is thus able to see the exact location and extent of any disease. These pictures then make it possible for cardiologists and heart surgeons to select the preferred method of treatment. This procedure brings relief of pain and extends life for many coronary arteriosclerosis victims.
Dr. Judkins was a perfectionist and, according to former students, an excellent teacher. He played an important role in the training of the next generation of physicians in the management of his technique. He also created state-of-the-art cardiovascular laboratories at LLUMC.
Until his death in 1985, Dr. Judkins was recognized internationally as an authority on radiologic equipmentand on the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. He would now be delighted to see the advancesthat have been made in recent years in the treatment of coronary disease. New catheters based on hisdesigns are regularly used to introduce balloons and stints into coronary arteries to indirectly relieve blockages.
The Judkins Technique of Coronary Arteriography is recognized internationally as a major contribution to world medicine.
5. A Fluid Transport System and the Prevention of Tooth Decay: Ralph R. Steinman, DDS, MS, & John Leonora, PhD
Ralph R. Steinman, Professor of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, and John Leonora, Professor of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, made important discoveries in 1971. They demonstrated a change in fluid dynamics within teeth: a transport system flowing from the pulp through the dentinal tubules that is impacted by the presence of sugar.
Dr. Steinman had studied the dental literature back to the 1880's and had discovered an interesting minority view based on research indicating that teeth might possess a defensive mechanism against cavities. This information motivated Dr. Steinman to explore the theory. He developed a rapid technique to visualize dentinal fluid flow using fluorescent dye as a marker. By tracking the dye, Dr. Steinman was able to document an astounding observation: that teeth are internally active. In the absence of sugar, the dentinal fluid flowed within the tooth from the dentin-pulp interface through the dentin. In contrast, no significant flow occurred in the presence of a high sugar intake. The fact that sugar in the diet could affect an internal process in teeth had not been documented before.
The discovery had important implications regarding the eventual prevention of dental decay. The significance of the outward dentinal fluid flow is that: (1) It prevents the penetration of bacterial acids into the tooth structure, and (2) it neutralizes the bacterial acids on the surface of the teeth.
To answer the question of how this mechanism was controlled, Dr. Steinman consulted with Dr. Leonora who suggested that a hormonal mechanism would be most appropriate for controlling dentinal fluid flow. Their collaborative studies led to the discovery of a new endocrine system: the hypothalamic-parotid gland endocrine axis. They isolated the parotid hormone in a pure form, and showed that it stimulates dentinal fluid flow. They demonstrated that a high sugar diet suppresses the function of this endocrine axis and consequently dentinal fluid flow. They continued their research to demonstrate in rats that they could physiologically prevent the suppressive effect of the high sugar diet on dentinal fluid flow and prevent dental decay 80% to 100% of the time.
Subsequent research by others has concluded that dentinal fluid flow also exists in human teeth. Therefore, dentinal fluid flow may be an important defensive mechanism for preventing dental decay in humans.21
6. Computerized Radiation Therapy Planning: James M. Slater, MD
Advances in the development of radiation therapy equipment has greatly enhanced the capabilities of the physician who specializes in cancer treatment (the radiation oncologist) and the radiation physicist. A wide variety of equipment now available can produce well-defined beams of radiation of infinitely varied shapes and sizes. Physicians can now deliver precise doses of radiation to specific tumor sites to retard or stop tumor growth.22
Radiation, however, can damage healthy as well as diseased tissues. To minimize the harmful effects, the radiation oncologist and the radiation physicist together plan a program of therapy. One that will deliver therapeutic doses of radiation to the site of deep tumors with minimum damage to surrounding areas.
For the patient's safety, precise measurements and careful planning are extremely important. Such procedures can be complex and time-consuming. Under the direction of James M. Slater (Class of 1963), scientists began to simplify and speed up the making of such a treatment plan. In 1974 they developed a computer-based radiation therapy planning system, using an ultrasound scanning device and a color video screen.
This radiation treatment planning system can accept patient data from ultrasound scans, diagnostic x-rays, radioactive isotope scans, computerized tomographic (CT) scans, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans, and other sources. In essence, it brings together in one integrated, computerized unit all the electronic and technical hardware and all the diagnostic and anatomical treatment planning tools of the cancer treatment specialists.
As compared with older methods, this system provides a much more rapid and accurate evaluation of possible treatment alternatives. It also enables the therapist to determine the best possible radiation dose-distribution pattern for the individual patient¾and much more quickly. All the patient's information is immediately available, and the computer can process it instantly.
This system can record accumulated dose-distributions for patients who have been treated under several different treatment plans. Thus the treatment specialist knows the total amount of radiation to which the target and surrounding area have been exposed.
Although today leading hospitals use similar integrated radiation therapy planning systems, Dr. Slater pioneered interfacing diagnostic tools with the computer in what is now one of the most versatile and complete systems in the world.
Chosen to be members of the United States delegation to Vienna, Austria, in March 1975, Dr. Slater and William T. Chu, PhD, presented their research in developing this system to the International Atomic Energy Agency Symposium of Advances in Biomedical Dosimetry. Their exhibit entitled "Computerized Radiotherapy Planning System" won first prize at the Third International European Congress of Radiologists, held in Edinburgh, Scotland, in June 1975.23
7. Fetal Studies: Lawrence D. Longo, MD
Lawrence D. Longo (Class of 1954), Distinguished Professor of Physiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, has explored various aspects of fetal studies. For instance, the dynamics and regulation of respiratory gas exchange in the placenta and oxygenation of the fetus. This has included work on the interaction of the fetal cardiovascular and endocrine systems and mathematical modeling of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange. In addition, he has concentrated on several aspects of oxygenation and brain development in the fetus and newborn infant.
These studies have included cellular markers for hypoxia, and the role of hypoxia-ischemia on gene expression in the developing brain. In conjunction with these studies, Dr. Longo wrote the section in the Surgeon General's Report on smoking and health hazards to the mother and fetus. He also played a key role in legislation that required warning labels on cigarette packages.24 Dr. Longo has served in many influential professional groups.25
During the past decade, most of Dr. Longo's efforts have concentrated on exploring basic biochemical mechanisms of signal transduction in cerebral arteries. How do these change with development from fetus to newborn to adult, and in response to long-term hypoxia. The goal of these studies has been to integrate knowledge of cerebrovascular regulation at the cell and molecular level. Also, he investigated in vivo studies on the role of regulation by the various enzymes and the role of free radicals in reperfusion injury. Then all of this had to be translated to the bedside in the improved management of the premature infant with dysregulation of cerebral blood flow.
Some of the questions Dr. Longo and his associates address are:
Why are some infants born with cerebral palsy, mental retardation, epilepsy, and other disorders?
What is the biochemical basis for these developmental abnormalities?
Why are infants who are malnourished or anemic, who live at high altitude or whose mothers smoke smaller than normal?
What are the biological implications of their growth retardation?
How can the fetal and newborn cerebral blood vessels be regulated, so as to deliver oxygenated blood optimally?
In 1988 Dr. Longo received a NATO professorship from the Scientific Research Council of the Italian government. Additionally, he has published a number of papers on various aspects of the history of obstetrics and gynecology, particularly during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. He is the author of more than 300 scientific papers and nine books.
In 1996 Dr. Longo received awards from two prestigious organizations, the Society of Gynecologic Investigation and the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Great Britain. In response, he gave credit to his team:
"I feel a little embarrassed talking about this, but I am proud of Loma Linda University and Medical Center, and I am pleased to be able to represent us, and say a word about our institution when I attend these meetings. These awards are a tribute to the quality of work our group here at Loma Linda University does. It is an honor for LLU."26
8. Fighting Osteoporosis: David J. Baylink, MD
David J. Baylink (Class of 1957), Distinguished Professor of Medicine at Loma Linda University, directed the Musculoskeletal Disease Center at the Jerry L. Pettis Memorial Veterans Medical Center in Loma Linda. Dr. Baylink is one of the world's leading authorities on osteoporosis, one of the most prevalent and costly diseases among the elderly.
Dr. Baylink belongs to many scientific organizations, including the American Society for Clinical Investigation, the American Association of Physicians, Alpha Omega Alpha, and the Czech Learned Society. He has received many awards for his work on bone and mineral metabolism, including the Medical Investigator Award, Veterans Administration, and has published more than 500 scholarly papers in the musculoskeletal field, including molecular genetics, tissue regeneration, and gene therapy.
9. Research to Benefit Open Heart Surgery: Brian S. Bull, MD
In 1975 three honors were awarded in 1975 to a six-member interdepartmental research team under the direction of Brian S. Bull (Class of 1961). At that time, he chaired the Department of Pathology.27 The team's research demonstrated a method, which significantly increases the safety and success of open-heart surgery.28 During the surgery physicians administer heparin, an anticoagulant medication, used to prevent clotting of the blood. After surgery another medicine, protamine, neutralizes the effects of the anticoagulant. Anesthesiologists once followed strict guidelines based on the patient's weight and body surface area to calculate the heparin and protamine doses.
The Loma Linda University team concluded that the traditional weight/surface<|fim_middle|> new medical school received a Class "C" grade from the American Medical Association accrediting body in 1915. This rating made the students' diplomas of little value. An upgrade to Class "B" in 1917 still called forth heavy criticism about the qualifications of the faculty.35
II. The Era of Freedom to Do Research (1922-1951)
During this time, medical missionary training was still the main activity. Accrediting agencies, however, began to mandate that the fledgling medical school make plans to include research as a component of the CME academic program. As a result, individual faculty members who were passionate about research and who were able to do it with minimal resources were given the freedom to add research to their busy schedules.
Some faculty members made notable research contributions. Newton G. Evans, MD, President of the College Medical Evangelists (1914-1927) was a graduate of Cornell University School of Medicine. He and others recognized the importance of sending Adventist young people for training in major universities. As the quality of the faculty improved, CME received the much-desired Class "A" rating in 1922. Even so, in the letter from the Council on Medical Education and Hospitals, research was identified as an area of weakness. "You are undoubtedly already fully familiar with the fact improvements can be made with great advantage in the following particulars:… The making of adequate provision whereby medical research can be carried on."36
Between 1930 and 1940 pressure to improve research continued to come from the accrediting body. Fred Zapffe, MD, of the Association of American Medical Colleges criticized CME for the lack of credible research programs: "It is the function of every medical school to teach and to do research, and I may add, to care for the sick in its hospitals. A teacher who has not been bitten by the research bug is not a real teacher. He merely passes on what he has read, which is not real education at all. Such teaching is being discouraged and even condemned more and more."37
Pressure also came from a group of alumni who formed the Harveian Society. They advocated reform at CME. Percy T. Magan, MD, Dean of the School of Medicine, summarized attitudes to research in a letter to A. G. Daniells, (a Seventh-day Adventist church leader): "I have never felt that I could conscientiously and fairly, in view of the interest of the school, take a position that we would do no research work, but in a way I have looked upon this much the same…as I have looked upon accrediting with these worldly organizations. I have felt that it would undoubtedly be necessary to try to do a little along this line in order to keep the peace and keep our school from getting into trouble with the men who are at the helm of things medical in the United States. Nevertheless, in my soul I have had very little regard and fondness for this thing."38
With research tolerated by most and encouraged by a few, some individual faculty members achieved distinction in their research during the 1940's and 1950's. They were mainly on the Los Angeles campus where students received clinical training for the MD degree. An additional boost to research was the access of CME clinical faculty to the broader world of medicine at the Lost Angeles County General Hospital. There they had contact with physicians from other medical schools.
III. The Era of Externally Mandated Research (1952-1961)
In this era medical missionary training was still the main activity, but the patience of the accrediting bodies ran out, and CME was unexpectedly placed under a mandate to demonstrate administrative support for research. The leadership team at CME responded positively. They actively recruited faculty with research training.
At the dawn of the 1950's the Loma Linda campus of CME was known as "The Farm." Little research occurred there. Raymond A. Mortensen, PhD, persevered on metabolic studies in animals. Raymond E. Ryckman, PhD, remembers when he, Bruce W. Halstead, MD, and Harold N. Mozar, MD, went to talk to Harold Shryock, MD. Dean of the School of Medicine. On the subject of research, he said: "Gentlemen, I cannot conceive of the day in which research will ever be conducted on the Loma Linda campus of CME. Maybe some at the White."39
Two important events in Loma Linda's research history, however, were about to change that idea!
The School of Tropical and Preventive Medicine. The first was the formation of a School of Tropical and Preventive Medicine (STPM) in the old South Laboratory. After World War II much interest in tropical medicine arose. Indeed, it was expected that U.S. medical schools would quickly develop expertise in this area. Dr. Harold Mozar had directed an Army School of Tropical Medicine in New Guinea, and Walter E. Macpherson, MD, then Dean of the School of Medicine, invited him to develop a School of Tropical and Preventive Medicine at CME. An upstart medical student, Bruce A. Halstead, was to be the Associate Director—while he continued what became his lifelong study of poisonous fish. Research and scholarly publications were prominent in the mission of the new school.40
Dr. Halstead became an internationally recognized expert in marine toxicology, and his three-volume treatise on poisonous and venomous marine animals is still a definitive work in this field today.
The STPM hired well and built a strong research team. Dr. Raymond Ryckman, a medical entomologist trained at the University of California, Berkeley, joined the team and obtained contracts with the Army to study various vectors. He became the foremost authority on Triatoma, the "kissing bug." (It is the vector for Chagas disease.) This work is still highly important to public health in Central and South America. As a result, the Communicable Disease Center of the United States Public Health Service recently republished Dr. Ryckman's dissertation, accompanied by an annotated bibliography of 23,000 references in Spanish French, Portuguese, and English. The World Health Organization helped fund this research.
Edward D. Wagner, PhD, a medical parasitologist, studied snails and their role in Schistosomiasis. George A. Nelson, PhD, improved the protocol of a Japanese scientist and became the first person to crystallize large amounts of tetrodotoxin. Thus he brought classified research to Loma Linda. He supplied the crystals to Robert Woodward, PhD, a Harvard chemist who determined tetrodotoxin's structure—and went on to win the Nobel Prize in 1965.
A biochemist, U. D. Register, PhD, was the first to prove—scientifically—the nutritional adequacy of the vegetarian diet. This finding led the American Dietetic Association to stop listing the vegetarian diet as nutritionally deficient in amino acids.
The STPM made three more important contributions to research. First, they hired Milton Murray as a public relations officer and fundraiser, launching his illustrious career. Second, they were the first researchers at Loma Linda to obtain National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding. The formal peer review process we now associate with NIH, however, was not yet in place.
Mervyn G. Hardinge, MD, PhD, DrPH, appears to have been the first recipient of an NIH award under the peer review process. Third, the STPM also developed productive links to naval and army research funding offices.
Another Unfavorable Accreditation Report. In 1952 another less-than-satisfactory report from the Council on Medical Education stimulated change in research. They were dissatisfied with the attempts to upgrade the teaching of anatomy, physiology, and pharmacology. They insisted that CME look outside of the Adventist Church and hire experienced chairs for these departments. As a result, CME hired Otto F. Kampmeier, MD, PhD, in anatomy. Charles M. Gruber, MD, PhD, in pharmacology, and J. Earl Thomas MD, in physiology.41 These new chairs immediately improved the teaching of basic sciences and also worked hard to foster research. They received strong support from Harold Shryock, who readily embraced research after the 1952 accreditation report.
The new chairs worked cooperatively with CME to recruit well-trained Adventist basic scientists and then mentored them in both research and teaching. Drs. Kampmeier and Gruber were instrumental in starting the first PhD program.42 Early, well-known recruits included Dr. Mervyn Hardinge, who had received a DrPH at Harvard for his research on vegetarian nutrition. (He was then sponsored to Stanford University to get a PhD in pharmacology.) He subsequently took over as Chair of Pharmacology, where he led out in securing external research grant funding.
Later, Hardinge founded the School of Public Health with a strong emphasis on research. The growing research emphasis in the basic sciences in the 1950's and 1960's attracted many new faculty with research interests. They included Ian M. Fraser, PhD, and Leonard R. Bullas, PhD (both from Australia), R. Bruce Wilcox, PhD, Allen Strother, PhD, T. Joe Willey, PhD, and Brian S. Bull, MD.
Niels Bjorn Jorgensen, DDS, Professor of Oral Surgery, brought international recognition of the newly established School of Dentistry by pioneering research in a new technique of dental pain control. His contributions brought profound changes to dentistry and to undergraduate dental education. Lloyd Baum, DDS, developed techniques for improving gold foil fillings and specialized instruments. Robert A. James, DDS, was a pioneer in oral implantology (including the first description of the implant-tissue interface).
IV. The Era of Research Fostered (1962-1991)
On July 1, 1961, CME became Loma Linda University. The new university status was associated with a greater internal commitment to research as an intrinsic component of academic life. There was also a growing recognition of research as a "moral" obligation to contribute to the knowledge used in teaching and service. Questions were raised as to whether an emphasis on research was at odds with the religious mission of the University. In the discussions that followed, however, both Adventist Church leaders and the University community recognized that past research had been beneficial to the Church. Furthermore, medical research and basic research that explored "God's handiwork" could only be seen as supportive of the mission of Loma Linda University. With this affirmation of research, centers of research excellence were begun. They flourished!
G. Gordon Hadley, MD, was an administrator who always fostered research. As a young man he had made an important finding that the addition of EDTA to a tube before a blood draw would prevent clotting. Today this method is commonly used. As Dean of the School of Medicine, he found a way to help passionate researchers get the equipment they needed.
Another administrator who enabled researchers in the basic science departments was Ian M. Fraser, PhD, initially Chair of Physiology and Pharmacology and later Vice-president for Academic and Research affairs. He fostered a culture of support that facilitated the growth of the research faculty.
The landscape on the Loma Linda campus changed after David B. Hinshaw Sr, MD, became Dean of the Medical School. He succeeded first in consolidating the newly named Loma Linda University School of Medicine on the Loma Linda campus. Then he sought out more research faculty. The illustrious list includes Virchel E. Wood, MD, an orthopaedic surgeon, who became renowned for pioneering surgery to treat congenital hand deformities. In 1995, he received an award as "the Most Frequently Cited Author in Congenital Hand Literature in the Past 50 years."43
Melvin P. Judkins, MD, started the modern cardiac angiography era, came to Loma Linda University as Chair of the Department of Radiology. Because of his national reputation, he developed the strong patient base, so important to his continued research. At the same time, his work made a financial contribution to the new medical center in Loma Linda.
Lawrence D. Longo, MD, was recruited from the University of Pennsylvania in 1970. With his OB/GYN expertise, he formed the Center for Perinatal Biology (in affiliation with the Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology). Gordon G. Power, MD (1972) and Raymond D. Gilbert, PhD (1975) joined the team. By 1976 this center became one of the best perinatal biology programs in the United States. Well funded by NIH, it received LLU's first program project grant from that organization (1985). Not only did the Center nurture other scientists and encourage collaboration with other faculty members, it also trained high-quality graduate students. Knowledge and expertise was shared generously.
Subsequently, other research centers were established at the VA Medical Center. W. Ross Adey, MD, studied the effects of electromagnetic radiation on biological organisms. David J. Baylink, MD, operated his mineral metabolism laboratory with its pioneering studies of osteoporosis.
The VA Medical Center research programs have contributed substantially to the expansion of research at Loma Linda University. Hired primarily for their research skills, the faculty have brought expertise in advancing fields that were not previously available to the University. Indeed, the VA faculty helped form a critical mass of highly trained basic science researchers. Through collaboration they provide excellent training for graduate students, with heavy teaching assignments in the biochemistry and physiology graduate programs.
Lifestyle Changing. In addition to the development of research centers in the School of Medicine, another important research program developed in epidemiology in public health. Starting in 1958, Frank R. Lemon, MD, and Richard T. Walden, MD, commenced a study of 65,000 Adventists in California, with funding from the National Cancer Institute. The study investigated lifestyle elements that contribute to coronary atherosclerosis. Later, the American Cancer Society funded the addition of cancer to the study.
A new cohort of Adventists was enrolled in a 1973 study headed by Roland L. Phillips, MD, and Jan W. Kuzma, PhD. This study, supported by the National Cancer Institute, is known as Adventist Health Study—1 (AHS-1). A grant to continue AHS-2 was awarded to Gary E. Fraser, MD, PhD, in 1992. In 2001 Dr. Fraser received $18 million for what is now known as Adventist Health Study—2 (AHS-2). Also noteworthy was the $4 million received by Synnove M. F. Knutsen, MD, PhD, and David E. Abbey, PhD, for studies of Adventists and the health risks of air pollution. These projects are among the landmark epidemiology studies supported by NIH.
Leonard L. Bailey, MD, followed this research with Baby Fae's baboon heart transplant and the numerous successful infant heart transplants that were performed thereafter. This program still ranks first in the world.
James M. Slater, MD, pioneered proton therapy and developed the proton accelerator in Loma Linda University Medical Center. These high-profile successes brought prestige and enormous free publicity for the Medical Center and the University. Following the advances by Drs. Bailey and Slater, the attitude toward research changed when, and for the first time, LLUMC administration understood that research could be a financial benefit, not just a drain on the budget.
Wolff M. Kirsch, MD, a neurosurgeon, inventor, and basic scientist, established a Neurosurgery Center for Research, Training and Education. His team develops surgical devices and studies the role of iron metabolism in the onset of Alzheimer's disease—all supported by a major award from NIH.
The success of those research centers led to a "centers of excellence" theme running through the School of Medicine. Policy directed that research resources would be focused in the centers, with departments primarily engaging in teaching. Thus, resources were targeted to investigators who were most likely to receive NIH funding.
V. The Era of Research as a Mission (1992-Present)
Although it was traumatic at the time, the 1990 separation of Loma Linda University and La Sierra University as distinct institutions proved to be highly beneficial to both universities. The re-organization of Loma Linda University as a health-sciences university brought focus and clarity to the mission of the University. In the discussions that preceded a revision of the mission statement for this campus in 1993, it was recognized that research should have a greater role in a health-sciences university. The new Loma Linda University mission statement boldly declares: "Loma Linda University, a Seventh-day Adventist Christian health sciences institution, seeks to further the healing and teaching ministry of Jesus Christ 'to make man whole' by…expanding knowledge through research in the biological, behavioral, physical, and environmental sciences and applying this knowledge to health and disease."
The expanded emphasis on research was formalized in 2000 by the appointment of Barry L. Taylor, PhD, as the first Vice-president for Research Affairs. The next six years saw a doubling of the competitive research awards to the institution and a substantial expansion of the research services to support faculty endeavors.
Research in Dentistry. The Schools of Dentistry and Nursing also developed research strengths in departments or programs. Ralph R. Steinman, DDS (Oral Medicine) and John Leonora, PhD (Physiology) demonstrated a fluid transport system in teeth, wherein the pulp traveled through dentinal tubules. Their work resulted in the discovery of a new hypothalamic-parotid gland endocrine system that stimulated dental fluid flow.
Mahmoud Torabinejad, DDS, PhD, made major contributions to our understanding of the mediators of inflammation in perapical lesions of animals and humans. He also brought substantial royalties to Loma Linda University. These came from an irrigant he developed to disinfect root canals and a cement for sealing them. This became the material of choice for endodontists in America and Europe.
Research in Nursing. When former School of Nursing Dean, Helen E. King, PhD, RN, fostered doctoral and post-doctoral training for nursing faculty, she stimulated faculty research in the School of Nursing. Four NIH awards were forthcoming:
Lois H. Van Cleve, PhD, RN. The study of pain and its management in children with leukemia,
Michael E. Galbraith, PhD, RN. The study of the quality of life in men with prostate cancer,
Patricia I. Jones, PhD, RN. Continued investigation of care-giving for elderly parents in various Asian cultures, and
Betty W. Winslow, PhD, RN. The study of the family caregivers for patients with Alzheimer's disease and the processes used to make placement decisions.
High Quality Graduate Programs at LLU Secure Excellence in Research
The emergence of high-quality graduate programs was an essential factor in research expansion at Loma Linda University. These included postgraduate programs in dentistry and the graduate program in epidemiology.
Barry Taylor rejuvenated the MD/PhD combined degree program in 1978. Then, in 1983, Robert Boucek, MD, and W. Barton Rippon, PhD, took graduate education to a new level of excellence with the medical scientist graduate program. For this project, leading researchers from the California Institute of Technology, City of Hope Medical Center, and other Southern California universities were recruited. They lectured on emerging areas of biomedical science and mentored graduate student research in their laboratories. Anthony J. Zuccarelli, PhD, subsequently gave leadership in this area. Later, the doctoral programs in psychology were strengthened by collaboration with the faculty of California State University at San Bernardino.
The pending retirement of the post-World War II generation of faculty posed a serious challenge to American universities in the 1990's. The basic science departments at LLU experienced the same problem. This challenge provided an opportunity to hire faculty with excellent research training and productive post-doctoral fellowships—as well as a commitment to the University's mission.
Many faculty and center directors were aided by tips from faculty at Adventist colleges, helped search for the most qualified individuals, irrespective of gender or ethnic heritage. Providentially, some well-trained persons of color, whose existence was generally unknown at Loma Linda University, were interested in the mission of the University, and eventually enquired about positions at Loma Linda University.
They also provided information about other scientists of color whom they knew and who had excellent research qualifications and an interest in the mission of the University. It was realized that many of the most qualified Adventist candidates for research faculty positions were people of color who had pursued education and employment outside of the Adventist system. Eventually hiring and retention of some of those individuals brought increased strength and diversity to the research efforts in several centers and departments and led to funding by the NIH for a "Center for Health Disparities Research," directed by Marino De Leon, PhD, at LLU in 2005.
Research at Loma Linda University has continued to expand, and today the University receives almost $40 million per year for funded research programs. This expansion led to the appointment of Lawrence C. Sowers, PhD, as Associate Dean for Basic Sciences in the School of Medicine. There has also been an expansion of research services provided by the office of the Vice-president for Research Affairs. This includes aTechnology Transfer section that processes 200 research contracts per year and manages the intellectual property portfolio for the institution.
Some patents are now producing substantial royalties. The Research Integrity section was established to oversee compliance with the complex governmental policies that now regulate research. A human-studies educator now trains coordinators for clinical trials. The sections for Research Administration, Research Protection Programs, and Financial Management have been expanded to improve the workflow, and better coordination between the offices is now evident. Two Associate Vice Presidents now assist the Vice President in the management of the research program.
A cadre of well-trained and very talented younger faculty in setting high standards; there are now more than 100 principal investigators at Loma Linda University who receive funding from outside the University and Medical Center to support their research. This represents a healthy mix of center and departmental research that will continue to prosper, going far beyond the vision of our most farsighted pioneers.44
[1] Marilyn C. Crane, MSLS, Associate Chair, Archives and Special Collections, Del E. Webb Memorial Library, Today, April 29, 1999, p. 5.
[2] In 1928 the Tercentenary of William Harvey's classic Exercitatio Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animalibus was celebrated
[3] Officers elected in the first year (1928) were: Cyril B. Courville, resident; Clement E. Counter (Class of 1925), Vice-president; G. Mosser Taylor, Secretary-treasurer; and Howard A. Ball (Class of 1928), historian.
[4] Charles B. Coggin was the father of Joan Coggin (Class of 1953-A) member of LLU Overseas Heart Surgery Team; Harveian Review of the College of Medical Evangelists, Devoted to Education and Research, College of Medical Evangelists, Loma Linda, California.
[5] The Harveian Society also issued the Collected Papers of Harveian Society Members, consisting of journal reprints by Society members from 1928 to 1938. An author, and sometimes a general subject index, is provided in each bound volume.
[6] March of CME. 1941, Student-Faculty Association of the College of Medical Evangelists, Los Angeles, California, p. 131.
[7] School of Dentistry Executive Committee, Minutes, September 10, 1956.
[8] Merlin D. Burt and Petre Cimpoeru, Oral history with David B. Hinshaw, Sr., MD, July 24, 1996, pp. 45-46.
[9] Dr. Jorgensen taught in the School of Dentistry between 1954 and 1974.
[10] Jess Hayden Jr, DMD, PhD, "The Limits of Excellence: What One Man Can Do," Presented at the First Annual Niels Björn Jörgensen Memorial Lecture, February 29, 1976.
[11] Professor Leffingwell chaired the Department of Anesthesiology at CME/LLU School of Medicine between 1956 and 1968.
[12] Richard A. Schaefer, "To Make Man Whole,"Legacy, pp. 192-193.
[13] Loma Linda University Observer, August 29, 1974, p. 1.
[15] LLU Board of Trustees, Minutes, November 18, 1971, p.2. Just before his death (August 15, 1974) Dr. Jorgensen became a member of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. (LLU Board of Trustees, Minutes, August 22, 1974, p. 4.)
[16] Schaefer, "To Make Man Whole," Legacy, pp.190-191. "Obstetrics Goes Electronic: Automatic Monitoring Aimed at Assisting in Cases of Birth Complications," Loma Linda University Magazine, October 1962), pp. 20-25.
[17] "Monitoring the Unborn," Newsweek, October 21, 1968, p. 72; See also "Fetal-monitoring equipment installed in University Hospital, University Scope, December 11, 1968, p. 1.
[18] "Obstetrics Goes Electronic," Loma Linda University Magazine, October 1962, pp. 20-25.
[19] "'Watching' the Unborn Inside the Womb," Life, July 25, 1969, pp. 63-65.
[20] "Fetal-monitoring Equipment Installed in University Hospital," University Scope, December 11, 1968, p. 1.
[21] Loma Linda University, Observer, Thursday, April 8, 1971, p. 1; Richard A. Schaefer, personal collaboration with Dr. Leonora.
[22] Richard A. Schaefer, "Unique Contributions Through Research," LEGACY, pp. 233, 234.
[24] This legislation covered the hazards of smoking in relation to heart disease, lung disease, and problems for the pregnant woman and her fetus.
[25] Dr. Longo served as a scientific consultant to the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, and the National Research Council. He also serves on an advisory panel of the Environmental Protection Agency, which made recommendations leading to enactment of the Clean Air Act.
[26] "Dr. Lawrence D. Longo Receives Prestigious Awards," Scope, Autumn 1996, p. 86.
[27] Between 1994 and 2002 Dr. Bull served as Dean of the School of Medicine.
[28] Richard A. Schaefer, "Unique Contributions Through Research," Legacy, pp. 251- 252.
[29] In Radiology, Vol. 174, 1990, pp 459-461.
[30] In Radiology, Vol. 174, 1990, pp. 459-461.
[31] Charter members of the Society of Scholars include: Leif K. Bakland, DDS; Lloyd Baum, DMD, MSD; Gary C. Bogle, DDS, MS; Philip J. Boyne, DMD, MS, DSc.; Edwin L. Christiansen, DDS, MA, PhD; Noel M. Claffey, DD., MDS, MA; Ralph W. Correll, DDS; Jan H. Egelberg, DDS, LDS, MS; Ralph P. Feller, DMD, MPH; J. Steven Garrett, DDS, MS; Charles J. Goodacre, DDS, MSD; Robert A. James, DDS, MS; William T. Jarvis, MA, PhD, MPH; James D. Kettering, PhD, MS; Yiming Li, DDS, MSD, PhD; Jaime L. Lozada, DDS; Melvin R. Lund, DMD, MS; Carlos A. Munoz, DDS, MSD; W. Patirck Naylor, DDS; Rolf Nilveus, DDS; Richard C. Oliver, DDS, LDS, MS; Knut A. Selvig, PhD, DDS. MS; James H. S. Simon, DDS; Ralph R. Steinman, DDS, MS; Dimitris N. Tatakis, DDS. PhD; Anthony H. L. Tjan, DDS, MSD, PhD; Mahmoud Torabinejad, DMD, PhD, MSD; Leonardo Trombelli, DMD; Ulf M. E. Wikesjo, DDS, PhD; and Wo Zhang, MD, ADG.
[32] Dentalgram, March 2003, pp. 2, 4.
[33] Ralph R. Steinman, DDS, MS, Letter to Dean Charles J. Goodacre, March 23, 2003.
[34] Richard Utt, From Vision to Reality: 1905-1980. Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, 1980, p. 12.
[35] Utt, From Vision to Reality, p. 61; Carrol S. Small, Editor-in-Chief, Diamond Memories, School of Medicine Seventy-fifth Anniversary, Alumni Association, School of Medicine of Loma Linda University, 1984.
[36] N. P. Colwell, MD, quoted in From Vision to Reality, p. 62.
[37] Fred Zapffe, MD, quoted in From Vision to Reality, p. 89.
[38] Percy T. Magan, MD, quoted in From Vision to Reality, pp. 90, 91.
[39] Raymond E. Ryckman, PhD, Oral history with Barry L. Taylor, PhD, 2005.
[40] P. William Dysinger, MD, Health to the People: A History of Public Health and Preventive Medicine at Loma Linda, 1905-2004. (Trafford: Publishing, 2007).
[41] Dr. Thomas later joined the Seventh-day Adventist Church.
[42] Ian M. Fraser, PhD, oral history with Barry L. Taylor, PhD, 2005.
[43] Robert L. Horner, editor, "Memories of thd Hand surgery Service," AN INCREDIBLE JOURNEY ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY AT LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY IN THE 20TH CENTURY, Neufeld Society and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda California, 92350, p. 59.
[44] Acknowledgements: I wish to thank Ian M. Fraser, PhD, who critically reviewed the manuscript and made helpful suggestions. The following have generously shared recollections with me: Raymond E. Ryckman, PhD; G. Gordon Hadley, MD, Bruce Wilcox, PhD, Lawrence D. Longo, MD, Ian M. Fraser, PhD, Gary E. Fraser, MD, PhD, Daniel Kido, MD, T. Joe Willy, PhD, Gary Fryckman, MD, Heritage Room, Loma Linda University Libraries. | area method could lead to dangerous clotting or other hazards because of a wide variability in patient response. They developed a method of individualizing the medication dosage, depending on how a sample of the patient's blood responds to the heparin and protamine during the first few minutes of surgery. During their research the team developed mathematical calculations to plot an individual dose-response curve from which the correct doses could then be determined. (This process has since been computerized.)
The team prepared an exhibit describing these advances for the 1975 national meeting of the American Society of Anesthesiologists. Twenty-five scientific exhibits were accepted for display. Judged on the basis of their value in presenting new scientific concepts and methods, the LLU exhibit -- "The Laboratory Control of Heparin and Protamine Therapy in Cardiovascular Bypass" -- won first prize by a unanimous vote.
A paper by the same team ("Evaluation of Tests Used to Monitor Heparin Therapy during Extracorporeal Circulation") was selected for inclusion in the 1976 Yearbook of Anesthesiology, a compilation of summaries of the year's best articles published in the field of anesthesiology.
A third honor followed. A member of the team, Ralph A. Korpman, MD (Class of 1974), wrote the computer simulation program, received the Sheard Sanford Award. A student physician at the time, Korpman took first prize for the best research done during the year by a medical student in a University Department of Pathology. He received the award and presented his findings at the joint 1975 spring meeting of the American Society of Clinical Pathologists and the American College of Pathologists.
In 1990 Patricia M. Kopko, a junior medical student, received another Sheard Sanford Medical Student Award. The journal Radiology published her paper, "Thrombin Generation in Nonclottable Mixtures of Blood and Nonionic Contrast Agents"29 and accompanied it with a lengthy editorial declaring her paper to be of "critical importance."
Ms. Kopko's research helps physicians performing x-ray examinations of blood vessels to avoid potential complications. According to Dr. Bull, the singling out of a paper, by co-publishing it simultaneously with an editorial on the same topic, is an unusual honor accorded only to papers deemed to be highly significant. The American Society of Clinical Pathologists presented Ms. Kopko the award at its national fall meeting in Dallas, Texas, in October 1990.30
10. LLU's Three Citation Classics
The scientific community's acceptance of research projects can be measured by the number of citations a research paper receives from other scientists in the same discipline. Every time another scientist refers to a particular paper in support of his own work, the citation is recorded by organizations such as the Science Citation Index (SCI). SCI thus identifies the papers that stand out in a particular field. Eventually, if a paper is cited often enough over a ten- to twenty-year period, SCI designates it as a Citation Classic. Three papers written by Loma Linda University faculty, all in the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, have achieved this distinction.
In 1958 Albert E. Hirst Jr., MD (Class of 1942), Department Chair (1963-1973), together with Varner J. Johns Jr., MD, and S.W. Kime Jr., MD, completed a paper entitled "Dissecting Aneurysm of the Aorta: A review of 505 Cases." This paper (Medicine 37:217-79, 1958.), is a collective review of 505 cases of dissecting aneurysm of the aorta, emphasizes historical aspects, clinical pathologic correlations, unusual manifestations, course, and treatment of the disease. The six-year project became a Citation Classic in July 1981.
In 1965 Brian S. Bull, MD (Class of 1961) Chair, Department of Pathology, 1973-1994), together with M. A. Schneiderman and G. Brecher, described a method for the machine counting of platelets in human blood, using small samples of platelet-rich plasma. (American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 44:678-88, 1965.) The method included correction factors by which the resultant count could be transformed into a whole blood platelet count. It has rendered rapid and reproducible platelet counts with a minimum of technologist involvement, and thus has served the medical and scientific community well. This scholarly paper became a Citation Classic in October 1980.
In 1968 Dr. Brian Bull, together with M. L. Rubenberg, MD, J. V. Dacie, MD (now Sir John Dacie), and M. C. Brain, MD, wrote a paper entitled "Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia: mechanisms of red-cell fragmentation: in vitro studies." This paper (British Journal of Haematology. 14:643-52, 1968.) describes how red cells fragment during inter-vascular clotting. With the use of a circulatory model Dr. Bull captured the instant of red-cell fragmentation on film. The paper's popularity may be due in part to its very graphic pictures of red-cell destruction. This paper became a Citation Classic in February 1986.
In contemporary time, the Society of Scholars harks back to the Harveian Society in its zeal for research. It was established by the School of Dentistry during its 50th Anniversary celebration.31 It recognizes individuals who have contributed to the dental literature by writing chapters in leading textbooks or by authoring or editing textbooks. To be eligible for membership, a person must have participated in fifty or more publications.
Thirty individuals were named charter members of the Society of Scholars. Collectively they have authored 3,035 publications—an average of 101 per member. Four members have published more than 200 scientific articles:
Philip J. Boyne, DMD, MS'61, Emeritus Professor, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery;
James D. Kettering, PhD, Professor, Basic Science Faculty, School of Medicine,
Anthony H. L. Tjan, DDS., PhD, Emeritus Professor, Restorative Dentistry, and
Mahmoud Torabinejad, DMD, MSD, PhD, Professor and Director, Advanced Education Program in Endodontics.
A new display on the first floor of Prince Hall highlights these accomplishments, and exhibits forty-seven textbooks written by dental school faculty during the first fifty years.32
Ralph R. Steinman, DDS, MS, the first faculty member to publish fifty scientific articles acknowledged his membership in the Society of Scholars in a March 23, 2003 letter to Dean Charles J. Goodacre: "In 1951 I was called to work in God's vineyard at Loma Linda. To me was given the joy of discovery. Thank you for honoring the results of that call."33
To emphasize its Christian philosophy that the human body is the temple of God, Loma Linda University has chosen as its motto, "To Make Man Whole." It seeks to restore man to wholeness, that he may more fully enjoy relationships with his fellowman and communion with God.
"To Make Man Whole" must be more than a motto. It must be transformed into practical reality by continually developing new medical, surgical, and mental health services. Although Loma Linda University is perhaps best known as an educational center for Christian physicians and dentists, it is also known internationally in scientific and governmental circles for its contributions to medical, surgical, and dental research.
Much of this research, presented around the world in papers and scientific exhibits, deals with the basic sciences. Such research forms building blocks for future scientific breakthroughs. Most of the research, including today's studies, is too technical to discuss here, but the contributions of the past represented by the research of Drs. Jorgensen, Hon, and Judkins, illustrate the major contributions to world medicine and dentistry that continue to be made by Loma Linda University staff and alumni. Today's giants include Drs. Longo, Baylink, Slater, and Bailey.
For instance, Leonard L. Bailey, MD (Class of 1969), launched Loma Linda University Medical Center into international acclaim in 1984. Years of painstaking experience in his surgical research laboratory had preceded the honor. His infant heart transplant program not only captured the attention of the scientific world as well as the public, but it continues to add to the storehouse of knowledge and experience that saves lives and fosters hope.
In 1990 James M. Slater (Class of 1963), became the father of the world's first hospital-based Proton Treatment Center. It also is known around the world for its scientific and technical prowess, as well as its compassion. Both men modestly emphasize that their contributions have resulted from team effort. It has evolved from cooperative collaboration with scientists and staff from within Loma Linda University as well as from external scientific consultants. These scientific breakthroughs, we can understand, have benefited from Loma Linda's unique, more-than-100-year, daring-to-care heritage.
Section II: How We Are Doing It
Originally published in the Winter 2006 issue of Scope magazine as: The Emergence of Research at Loma Linda by Barry Taylor, PhD, Former Vice-Chancellor, Research Affairs
After the Santa Fe railroad reached Los Angeles in 1887, many new settlers from the East and Midwest came in search of a better lifestyle, health, and riches. A group of businessmen and physicians established a health resort on the hill at Loma Linda. They intended that it would be one of the finest among the many resorts developing in Southern California at the time.
After a struggle the place failed and was offered for sale at a discounted price of $110,000. A founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, Ellen G. White, had seen in a dream a very attractive property on a hill. She envisioned it as a health resort for the Adventist Church. She had asked a minister, John A. Burden, to look out for such a property, and he was the one to locate the Loma Linda land. She later declared that it was the exact place she had first seen in her dream.
When the price of the seventy-six acre Loma Linda property dropped to 40,000, Pastor Burden received conflicting advice. Without consulting church leaders, Ellen White wrote: "Secure the property by all means, so that it can be held and then obtain all the money you can and make sufficient payments to hold the place. This is the very property we ought to have. Do not delay, for it is just what is needed…. We will do our utmost to held you raise the money." Church leaders meeting in Washington, however, sent Burden a telegram: "Developments here warrant advising do not make deposit on sanitarium."34
Burden accepted Ellen White's advice and personally borrowed $1,000 for the deposit that secured the property. He knew that $4,000 would be due in one month. In two more months another $5,000 had to be paid. No one had any idea where that money would come from. Yet, when the payments came due, the Church received unexpected donations sufficient to cover the payments. Clearly, God was leading.
I. The Pre-Research Era (1906-1922)
To understand the history of research at Loma Linda University, one must recognize its historical context. The Adventist Church sought to establish a major health center and a health-related educational institution without the necessary resources. Although they were inspired by faith that God was leading, it was a constant struggle and the survival of the institution was often in doubt. On top of that, the Seventh-day Adventist denomination had been organized only forty years before the purchase of the Loma Linda property.
The Church was on fire with a mission to save the world. A mission that included a strong emphasis on training medical missionaries to serve the evangelistic goals of the Church. Research was not considered relevant to this enterprise. The faculty had little background in the traditional research that was characteristic of major universities.
The School of Nursing adopted the first educational program, followed in 1909 by a charter from the State of California for the College of Medical Evangelists. This measure established a School of Medicine—but no research. The | 2,642 |
Q: keySet field in HashMap is null I am trying to loop over a HashMap with the keySet() method as below:
for (String key : bundle.keySet()) {
String value = bundle.get<|fim_middle|>.
The same is true for entrySet() and values().
| (key);
...
}
I use a lot of for-each loops on HashMaps in other parts of my code, but this one as a weird behavior: its size is 7 (what's normal) but keySet, entrySet and values are null (according to the Eclipse debugger)!
The "bundle" variable is instantiated and populated as follows (nothing original...):
Map <String, String> privVar;
Constructor(){
privVar = new HashMap<String, String>();
}
public void add(String key, String value) {
this.privVar.put(key, value);
}
A: What do you mean by keySet, entrySet and values? If you mean the internal fields of HashMap, then you should not look at them and need not care about them. They are used for caching.
For example in the Java 6 VM that I use keySet() is implemented like this:
public Set<K> keySet() {
Set<K> ks = keySet;
return (ks != null ? ks : (keySet = new KeySet()));
}
So the fact that keySet is null is irrelevant. keySet() (the method) will never return null | 237 |
The Society of Automobile Engineers were considering "function" as they met in 1916<|fim_middle|>1918 it was for all intents a moribund industry, kicked to the curb by the advent of automobiles. Section XVIII of the SAE report proposed uniform descriptions of body types, some of which had carried over from the carriage trade, and some that were new even to automobiles.
of elements of so-called conventional cars. The classification adopted is therefore based largely on function.
Ironically, the ten terms that the SAE defined in its 1916 report did not include "brougham," which was a well-known model of automobile with an enclosed passenger compartment and an open compartment for the chauffer. Their explanation: "In most cases the (non-included) names do not need defining to anyone familiar with automobile construction…" In fact, several other model names that were either currently in use or would still be during the 1920s were not listed in this nomenclature report.
Many names, along with the models that they represented, did not survive the subsequent decades of the twentieth century, but a few did in the SAE list of ten, which surprisingly did not contain the term "speedster," even though by 1916, and certainly by 1922, it was a well-established model that was distinctly different from a roadster or a convertible/cabriolet.
running boards or in rear deck.
Other models that seemed similar were nevertheless differentiated from the roadster. For instance: a "couplet" "seats two or three. It has a folding top and full-height doors with disappearing panels of glass." And, a "convertible coupe" was "a roadster provided with a detachable coupe top." These distinctions, of course, would melt over the decades to describe "roadster" and "convertible." Today these two terms are almost interchangeable. Word meanings evolve.
However, one thing is clear: neither name raises blood pressure, connects to the race track, nor brings the madding crowds into the showroom.
Both model names describe and define their function. Both terms, however, lack emotion or excitement!
Neither term captures the zing, the sizzle, the je ne sais quoi of the term "speedster." Speedster was a mojo word that rose up from everyday people, a slang term that had become an official model name as car companies discovered that this type of car turned heads.
Now, why didn't the SAE adopt this term?
However… the model name "speedster" prevailed! It still excites the blood and evokes an image of a simple but powerful car made for fun and adventure. Speedsters are manufactured to this day, and we will cover that topic another time. | to codify model names for horseless carriages that had already been in use for some time. The Nomenclature Division submitted its proposed classifications in June; the report was adopted on August 1, 1916, and formally published in their minutes in September.
Although many manufacturers had thrived for ages building horse-drawn carriages, by | 73 |
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