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My resume as a Word document or as a PDF document. I'm also on LinkedIn and Stack Overflow.
I am a highly technical Software Engineering Manager and Agile Coach. I am experienced in software design, analysis, and development, as well as hands-on team leadership. My strengths are my diversity and depth of experience, perseverance, ability to learn new technologies quickly, and organizational skills. My focus is empowering teams to be more effective and satisfied, making better, more scalable, more adaptable software.
My biggest competitive advantage as a Software Engineering Manager is that I did not move up to management because there were no higher Software Engineer positions; I have been working towards leadership and management my whole career. I have a dual major in Business Management and Business Computer Information Systems. Even outside of work, I am on the Board of several not-for-profit groups.
My biggest competitive advantage as an Agile Coach is that coming from a Software Engineer and Manager background, I have a lot of hands-on experience with the tools that support Agile, software development, continuous integration, automation, and knowledge management. This is especially true with Jira, Confluence,Git, and Jenkins.
I am looking for a Software Engineering Manager or Technical Agile Coach position in the Greater Boston area with opportunities to apply that experience. I have the most experience in Java and other cross-platform technologies, but I'm fluent in many others, as you'll see below. I would also prefer an Agile/Scrum environment, but that's not a requirement.
In the right environment, I bring the best of both worlds. I have<|fim_middle|> order to coordinate development of the two halves, we used executable requirements. A PHP web page contained several example calls to each web service, both correct and incorrect. Each one was a unit test of the back end web services (showing red or green depending on if the results were as expected), but also served as documentation for the front end developers on how to call (and not call) the back end web services. They're called executable requirements because they test the interface, so it's impossible for the documentation to be wrong, since the tests would fail if they no longer match the back end.
I have experience in ETL, TPS, reporting, web services, and user applications backed by MySQL, SQL Server, PostgreSQL, and Oracle.
For Compete, I worked on software that imports anonymized click data (with demographics) from ISPs, and mines the data to find out what products the users are shopping for, with what options, where, and what products they looked at before and after looking at those products. I worked on the ETL and parsing components implemented in Python, and the analysis components implemented in C++, running distributed in a Beowulf cluster, connected to a 4TB SAN.
Tradeloop offers a B2B office equiment buy/sell environment. I worked on their email-based transaction processing system, implemented in Perl and Oracle.
I'm Assistant Director of the Boston Linux and UNIX group, and have been a member for 10 years. I have also presented at meetings, including talks on PHP and home automation.
I've ported applications to Linux and UNIX at Anacomp, PegaSystems, and Aptima.
As part of a home automation project, I bought a computer-controlled infrared transceiver device. Only Windows software was available for the device, so, working with the manufacturer, I created cross-platform software in Perl to control the device, as well as a web interface and email interface. I released the software with a GPL license, available here.
In addition to my other functions at Agile Rules, I was the Chief Technical Officer. I built the computer network (and many of the computers) and administered it all.
At Tele-Publishing, I assisted the Systems Administrator in many hardware, software, and planning tasks, including maintaining the mail server and the backup server, and configuring the web servers.
At Inergy Online, I functioned as the Systems Administrator after the full-time Systems Administrator left, until the company disbanded.
Many of my projects at Aptima relate to training and assessment. I was also on the committee to improve Aptima's own knowledge management. I help maintain their internal Wiki, and as their Webmaster, I help maintain the metadata on employees, projects, and products.
Wisdom is an Aptima project to asses the "dimensions of wisdom" for the Army Research Institute. It presents several scenarios to the user, and asks them how they would respond to the situation to reflect the different dimensions of wisdom they just received training on. Their answers were compared using a Natural Language Processing algorithm called PLSA to the answers of experts to assess them. Wisdom was built with the same technologies as M-PORTAL, except we used PostgreSQL instead of MySQL.
I believe strongly in process automation to increase repeatability efficiency, and the need for special knowledge to perform everyday tasks. Automation also leads to greater testability, as many of the tests themselves can be automated once the build is automated. I have worked closely with QA and Release Engineering groups to accomplish these goals. At Aptima, I created a distributed, cross-platform, web-based build and unit testing system called DEBUT (Distributed Environment for Building and Unit Testing). At Metatomix, I developed an installer for their platform based on InstallAnywhere, and developed a build environment for their Discovery product.
At Aptima, I was a Manager of the Presentation, Web, and Language Engineering group. I managed three developers, as well as contributing to projects directly as a Consulting Software Engineer, and Technical Lead on up to six projects at any one time. I have lead other groups in the past, though. At Tele-Publishing, I lead a team of seven developers and Graphic Artists. At Inergy Online, I lead a team of four developers. In all of these positions, I resolved conflicts through open communications and managed expectations. My degree is a dual major of Management and Business Computer Information Systems, which means I "speak both languages". I understand business process, needs and goals as well as I understand software process, needs and goals. | extensive experience in software development, architecting, and problem-solving. But I also bring a knowledge of the current technologies, and a thirst to learn more and expand my capabilities. I'm comfortable working on the top presentation tiers as well as the lower business rule and infrastructure tiers of applications.
Fields of expertise: computer languages, web technologies, semantic web, metadata, natural language processing, Agile/Scrum/testing, database, ETL, and data mining, Linux and UNIX, knowledge management, training and assessment, toolsmithing and automation, and team leadership. Note that many of the projects mentioned here are not public-facing (in fact many were parts of defense contracts) or were for companies that no longer exist, so I cannot show them here.
Several of my recent jobs have been eCommerce, working on the catalog data, the user experience, and the infrastructure design. eCommerce requires intense scalability, availability, security, and performance, with direct financial consequences if any of those slip.
I've also worked in SAAS (Software As A Service) environments, which presents problems like multi-tenancy and live upgrades, while giving more control over use of the product and how many versions must be supported at once. It also supports web services nicely.
Both eCommerce and SAAS usually involve big data. Some of it is transaction data and osme of it is product data.
I have worked in financial companies, Litle (now Vantive) in particular is a credit card transaction processing company.
Though more of my embedded and device experience is hobby-level, I do have experience in the medical device industry, working on microprocessors, interfacing with them, and communicating between them and computers/tablets/phones.
At Aptima, I worked on several projects involved in NLP, AI, and machine learning. These projects generally centered around predicting future input (communications, financial measures, etc) based on patterns of input seen in the past.
Litle is a credit card transaction processing service (third-party processor). They interfaced with merchants using a SaaS (Software as a Service) or ETL interface. The core product runs as Java/J2EE inside JBoss and Tomcat with data persisted in a DB2 database.
Polaroid's Instant Digital Prints division developed a picture printing kiosk. I worked on the UI of the prototype version in Python. On the production version, I worked on the interface to the hardware drivers in Java and JNI and C++.
M-PORTAL (described below) has a PHP back end web service supporting an HTML and Adobe Flash front end.
I've been doing web development for over a dozen years, from straight HTML to complex J2EE systems.
Aptima's website was originally developed by a graphic artist, with all common content was duplicated in each file, and no way to maintain it other than FTP. I moved all of the common content to template PHP files, moved much of the look and feel to CSS, and made much of the site database-driven, so content can be maintained through the database. I also set up a separate development copy of the website, using Subversion source control to manage changes between the two.
I implemented and maintain Agile Rules' website, which is implemented in PHP and MySQL. I worked with a graphic designer on the look and feel and stock photography.
The group I lead at Aptima was called Presentation, Web, and Language Engineering. Most of the projects I worked on have some aspect of natural language processing, metadata extraction, ontology alignment, or semantic web enabling technologies.
I mentioned STAR above. That project relies on a semantic analysis of news articles using PLSA(Probabilistic latent semantic analysis) to identify the key concepts (as opposed to words or phrases) the articles are about, and looks for patterns of those concepts (topics).
Likewise, TeamBuilder uses PLSA to correlate documents describing a mission with documents describing team candidates to determine which ones have skills and experiences that are relevant to the mission the team is being formed for.
MetaCORE is another Aptima project with similar technologies as STAR. MetaCORE imports documents, extracts metadata from them, and present the document and metadata in a faceted browser interface, graphically showing taxonomies like location, biomedical information, time periods, end other application specific taxonomies. It also allows the user to export the document and metadata in a different schema, like RDF/XML, or DDMS.
I started a company with two others called Agile Rules, which focused on Agile/Scrum training, coaching, and readiness assesment. We also presented papers at conferences and user group meetings. I was also an officer in Agile Bazaar, the local chapter of the ACM.
At Litle & Co, I worked in a full Scrum environment, with pair programming, TDD, continuous integration, monthly iterations, and retrospectives. One unique facet of their practices is that developers are regularly rotated around from one project to another. While this may negatively affect team cohesiveness and the ability to predict velocity, it increases knowledge transfer. The upside of that is less knowledge lost, and increased likelihood a developer will be available to solve a problem.
For Agile Rules, I developed a unique Test Driven Development system for embedded programing called CATSRunner that lets the user control unit tests and test data from a host computer, feeding the results back to host computer. This greatly reduces the amount of on-board memory needed for testing, allows for different sets of test data, and easy publication of test results, which is a requirement for Agile andd Scrum. Catsrunner is developed in completely cross-platform GNU C,and can control most ARM processors.
At Aptima, I created a distributed, cross-platform, web-based build and unit testing system called DEBUT (Distributed Environment for Building and Unit Testing). During the nightly build process, the source is extracted fresh from version control and built from scratch. Upon successful build, any unit tests are run, and the results of all operations are emailed to the addresses associated with that project. Building and testing can have any number of steps and execute any process that can be controlled via the command line. DEBUT is built using PHP and MySQL.
M-PORTAL has a PHP back end web service supporting an HTML and Adobe Flash front end. In | 1,272 |
We have a daily prayer in Christian Science that in part includes "…let the reign of divine Truth, Life, and Love be established in me." That<|fim_middle|> Jesus with them unto a place called Gethsemane, and saith unto the disciples, Sit ye here, while I go and pray yonder. 37 And he took with him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, and began to be sorrowful and very heavy. 38 Then saith he unto them, My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death: tarry ye here, and watch with me. 39 And he went a little farther, and fell on his face, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me: nevertheless not as I will, but as thou wilt.
15 …let the peace of God rule in your hearts, to the which also ye are called in one body; and be ye thankful.
7 …let us love one another: for love is of God; and every one that loveth is born of God, and knoweth God. 8 He that loveth not knoweth not God; for God is love.
ourselves with the law of Love. | little word "let" will be the topic of our meeting tonight.
29 And Moses and Aaron went and gathered together all the elders of the children of Israel: 30 And Aaron spake all the words which the LORD had spoken unto Moses, and did the signs in the sight of the people.
1 Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers. For there is no power but of God: the powers that be are ordained of God. 12 …let us therefore cast off the works of darkness, and let us put on the armour of light. 13 Let us walk honestly, as in the day; not in rioting and drunkenness, not in chambering and wantonness, not in strife and envying. 14 But put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make not provision for the flesh, to fulfil the lusts thereof.
36 Then cometh | 184 |
Personalized to order in 2-5 business days. Ground shipping time in transit varies by destination; usually 2-7 business days.
Click the button below to<|fim_middle|> lovely clear finish, the glass top can hold a 5x7 photo or card, and the front features a personalized brass plate with up to 3 lines of text. The interior is lined with a rich black felt and holds plenty of keepsakes.
This memorial keepsake box makes a wonderful heirloom gift to honor the memory of loved one. Not a cremation urn.
The Custom Memorial Keepsake Box is available here: http://urnsnw.com/custom-memorial-keepsake-box/ Made in the USA from premium walnut wood, this memory chest keepsake box includes a personalized name plate and can hold a 5x7 photo or card. | add the Custom Memorial Keepsake Box to your wish list.
The Custom Memorial Keepsake Box is a personalized wooden memory chest, built in the USA from premium walnut wood in an elegant design. This hand-crafted and customized wood keepsake box is perfect for holding the mementos of a loved one. Made from real walnut wood with a | 68 |
Robert P. Levin
BSR Contributor Since June 26, 2010
Robert P. Levin is an editor with the Globe & Mail, Canada's national newspaper. He lives in Toronto.
Robert P. Levin was born and raised in Philadelphia but has lived in Toronto for nearly a quarter century now. He's an editor<|fim_middle|> is dead. I just know the famous magazine that informed my world as a kid, and then gave me a wondrous break into big-time journalism, is now but a digital shadow.
The Zen of getting canned
Losing a job isn't cancer (but then, what is?)
Surely surviving cancer, three different times, would throw everything else in life into perspective, I thought. Then I got fired.
What's cancer really like?
The romancing of cancer (by one who's been there)
Take it from one who knows from experience: We do cancer patients a disservice if we see the fight but not the rage, the fear, the full storm of emotions that strikes mortals facing their own mortality.
Jun 28, 2011 · Essays · 5 minute read
Fear and integration in Wynnefield, c. 1970
You've got to be carefully taught: Wynnefield before the whites fled
To a kid growing up there, Wynnefield was a far more interesting, vital neighborhood in the years after integration and before our parents' panic ended that all too brief era. | at The Globe and Mail (Canada's national newspaper). Previously he was executive editor of Maclean's (Canada's national newsmagazine) and a Newsweek writer in New York before that. He's long been known as Bob Levin but has assumed the byline of Robert P. Levin to avoid confusion with another BSR contributor named Bob Levin, who's a lawyer in Berkeley, California.
Farewell, old Newsweek
When newsmags ruled the world: The Newsweek I remember
I don't know whether print | 108 |
WATG, one of the world's leading integrated design firms, redefines the wine country resort experience with Vista Collina, Napa's newest lifestyle resort. Known for delivering bespoke designs with a distinct<|fim_middle|> relaxing sound of cascading water. | sense of place, WATG's architecture and landscape work for the four-story, 145-room property seamlessly creates a one-of-a-kind wine-tasting "Village" concept, designed to celebrate the beauty of wine country and offer local vineyards the opportunity to share their wine selection with residents and guests in a communal setting.
Nestled in the rolling, vine-covered hills of Napa Valley, Vista Collina's architectural design preserves the spirit of its surroundings while providing a fresh, modern aesthetic. The exterior color palette reflects the warm, natural tones typically found on old Tuscan farmhouses, while a distinct material selection of concrete floors, steel trusses, wood siding, and plaster permeates the property. The focus was to connect the interior with the exterior, creating outdoor terraces and flexible event spaces suitable for activities such as wine tasting.
Complementing the Tuscan farmhouse architectural style of the resort, WATG's landscape design thoughtfully reflects the identity of Napa Valley while creating a new focal point for the community and visitors alike. From the arrival experience – including a stone-walled gateway, olive tree- and grass-lined drive, and inviting porte-cochere – to outdoor spaces, water features, and more, the landscape takes cues from the wine-tasting village concept and plays an integral role in the overall guest experience.
"WATG was tasked with creating a destination in Napa Valley, designed for guests who want to experience all that the wine region has to offer," said Lance Walker, Vice President and Director of Landscape, WATG.
The outdoor spaces are centered around two primary courtyards – the tasting and event lawn, the heart of the resort; and the pool courtyard, complete with a spa and cabanas. The hardscape blends indigenous materials, such as stone and decomposed granite, with contemporary selections of concrete, pavers, and steel. Highlights include a monolithic stone fireplace and heritage Oak tree, set in wood-decking, which create a gathering place for guests to meet and socialize, as well as a large water feature to anchor the event lawn and provide guests with the | 431 |
Want the best? Try the Certified Angus Beef<|fim_middle|> steak apart from lower grades.
It's an exclusive club, even for Angus. Few make the cut.
Angus beef has always been better than the average beef, but the Certified Angus Beef ® brand takes top-shelf beef to even greater heights. You've probably heard that only 3 of every 10 Angus cattle earn the Certified Angus Beef ® label, but did you know that each of these 3 animals must meet 10 distinct criteria for exacting, superior quality standards that have set the benchmark for the best in beef, since 1978?
Meet Kevin, your local Food City Certified Butcher.
Based in Kingsport, Tennessee, with 13 years of experience as a Food City Certified Butcher, Kevin C. is passionate about the perfect steak, which is why he's proud to work at the only store in town offering Certified Angus Beef ®. Kevin loves helping customers with their special requests and cutting custom meats to order. When he's not at work, he's often grilling great burgers at home for his wife and kids, especially on game days. If you ask, he might even tell you his secret seasoning recipe. | ® brand, only at Food City.
When it comes to grilling steaks, some people are more serious than others. If any old cut will do, it doesn't really matter where you go, but if you want the best steaks around, you want Certified Angus Beef ® brand, and you'll only find it at Food City. Marbled flecks, found in Certified Angus Beef ®, melt throughout the lean of the meat as it cooks, giving it a distinctive flavor and setting your | 100 |
Walter Piston's "Three New England Sketches": American Vistas
July 20, 2022 by Timothy Judd
The American composer, Walter Piston, wrote Three New England<|fim_middle|> the summer of 1959 at his retreat in the Green Mountains of Vermont. The symphonic suite was commissioned by the Worcester (Massachusetts) County Musical Association for its 100th Annual Music Festival. Founded in 1858, the Festival is billed as the oldest of its kind in the United States. (Antonín Dvořák performed there in 1898). Walter Piston dedicated the score of Three New England Sketches to the conductor, Paul Paray, who premiered the work in October of 1959 with the Detroit Symphony Orchestra.
Beyond the descriptive movement titles, Piston stated that the music was not conceived with specific programatic intentions. Instead, the Sketches evoke pure atmosphere. The mysterious opening bars of the first, Seaside, seem to be shrouded in dense fog. The solo oboe and other voices rise dreamily over a repeating passacaglia bass line. Colorful pastel splashes emerge from the harp and cymbal. The second sketch, Summer Evening, evokes nature's nocturnal counterpoint. The music is filled with the buzz of insects and distant birdcalls. The final sketch is an ode to the rugged majesty and power of Mountains. It begins and ends with monumental blocks of sound. In the space between these monolithic peaks comes exhilarating contrapuntal adventures, which include two vigorous fugue episodes.
I. Seaside:
II. Summer Evening:
III. Mountains:
Piston: Three New England Sketches, Leonard Slatkin, Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra Amazon
Featured Image: "Village of Stowe, Vermont" (1931), Luigi Lucioni
Categories Twentieth Century Tags Three New England Sketches, Walter Piston
Bach's Trio Sonata in G Major, BWV 1039: Traverso Triumph
"The Colors of My Life": Cy Coleman Trio
1 thought on "Walter Piston's "Three New England Sketches": American Vistas"
Wes McCulloch
Where do you find this stuff? I probably won't find myself whistling this during the day, but it is delightfully complex, although it must be brutal to perform. | Sketches during | 3 |
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Strategy & Vision
History of the Group
Being part of the Group
Trademark & Brand Guidelines
Management Equity Philosophy Explained
Summary of investments & disposals
Penny Freer
Zach Miles
James Chapman
Rhona Driggs
AGM & Shareholder Circulars
Committee Terms
4ward Talent
Alternattiva
Ball and Hoolahan
BW&P
ConSol Partners
FINES TOKYO
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Monroe Consulting Group
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Rishworth Aviation
Skillhouse
Acquisition of Rishworth
Empresaria Group plc news
RNS Information
Empresaria Group plc ("Empresaria")
Empresaria (AIM: EMR), the international specialist staffing group, is pleased to announce the acquisition of an 82.6% interest in Rishworth Aviation Limited and its sister companies (together, "Rishworth").
Acquisition highlights:
· Empresaria has agreed to purchase 82.6% of Rishworth for a total cash consideration of US$10.0 million (£7.5 million). The remaining 17.4% interest is held by the senior management team, in line with Empresaria's management equity philosophy.
· Rishworth is a specialist recruitment group headquartered in New Zealand, providing pilots and aviation personnel to clients across the globe, with a significant presence in Europe, Africa and Asia. It is a 100% contract recruitment business, with pilot contracts typically lasting between 3 and 5 years.
· Rishworth is profitable and cash generative. During the financial year ended 31 March 2016 Rishworth achieved unaudited revenues of NZD$138 million (£73 million), unaudited net fee income of NZD$8.9 million (£4.7 million) and unaudited adjusted EBIT*<|fim_middle|> geographically. Rishworth is a contract recruitment business that fits directly into the Company's focus on specialist professional roles and further improves our operational mix.
Alongside the strategic rationale, Rishworth is profitable and cash generative and the acquisition is expected to improve Empresaria's KPIs. Rishworth operates in a sector with strong growth potential, with demand for airline travel expected to increase, especially in Asia and Africa. The board of directors of Empresaria believes the acquisition will be earnings enhancing on an adjusted basis in the 2016 financial year.
Summary of the acquisition terms
The senior management team of Rishworth will hold a 17.4% shareholding in the acquisition vehicle. In line with Empresaria's other management equity arrangements, the shares held by management are not subject to any put and call options; rather they are expected to be held for a minimum holding period, in this case of three to four years, before they can be voluntarily offered for sale to Empresaria over a minimum of a further two years.
The consideration is fully payable in cash on completion of the Acquisition, based on net liabilities of Rishworth of US$600,000 (£451,000). The consideration is subject to adjustment to reflect the actual net assets or liabilities on completion. Following the acquisition, Rishworth will hold cash balances of approximately US$9.3 million (£7.0 million).
In addition to the acquired cash, the Acquisition is funded by a new multi-currency Revolving Credit Facility of £10.0 million entered into with HSBC Bank plc on 30 June 2016. This facility also includes a further £5.0 million, subject to further HSBC Bank plc approval before it can be utilised.
Chief Executive Officer, Joost Kreulen said:
"In line with our stated strategy, we are focused on building a business that is diversified from both a sector and geographic perspective, has leading brands with sector expertise and improves our operational mix and temporary/contract bias. The investment in Rishworth directly fits this strategy, complements the Group's current operations and is expected to be earnings enhancing in 2016. We are excited by the growth opportunities that being part of the Empresaria Group provides Rishworth and look forward to working with the team."
Note: For illustration purposes the currency amounts have been translated into Sterling using exchange rates of US$1.33:£1 and NZD$1.89:£1.
· Empresaria Group plc is an international specialist staffing group with 20 brands operating in 19 countries across the globe including the UK, Germany, Japan, India, UAE, Indonesia, Chile, Australia, Thailand, Singapore, Finland, USA, New Zealand and the Philippines.
· The Group offers temporary/contract and permanent staffing solutions as well as Offshore Recruitment Services in seven key sectors including Technical & Industrial, Aviation Services, IT & Design, Professional Services, Healthcare and Retail.
· Empresaria applies a multi brand, management equity philosophy and business model, with Group company management teams holding significant equity in their own business.
· The Group is listed on AIM under ticker EMR. For more information: empresaria.com
Joost Kreulen, Chief Executive Officer
Spencer Wreford, Group Finance Director
via Redleaf Communications
Arden Partners (Nominated Adviser and Broker)
John Llewellyn-Lloyd / Steve Douglas / Ciaran Walsh
Redleaf Communications (Financial PR)
Rebecca Sanders Hewett / Sarah Fabietti / Harriet Lynch
empresaria@redleafpr.com
"LMA win in the category "Agency of the Year (under 75 employees)" at Recruiter Awards"
"FastTrack win Best Rail & Aviation Recruitment Agency – UK!"
About Empresaria
Empresaria is an international specialist staffing group, with a strategy to be diversified and balanced across geographies and sectors, with a focus on high-growth markets.
Empresaria News
Empresaria Group plc - Empresaria CEO Rhona Driggs included in SIA's 'Global Power 150 – Women in Staffing 2019' 03/12/2019
Empresaria Group plc - Results for the six months ended 30 June 2019 21/08/2019
Empresaria Group plc - Trading Update and Notice of Results 2019 24/07/2019
Contact Empresaria
Old Church House, Sandy Lane,
Crawley Down, Crawley,
West Sussex, RH10 4HS, UK
© Empresaria Group plc.
2020 | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer | Accessibility
Empresaria Group plc,
Old Church House, Sandy Lane, Crawley Down, Crawley, West Sussex, RH10 4HS, UK | Telephone: +44(0)1342 711 430 | Fax: +44(0)1342 711 449 | Website by ThinkinCircles | of NZD$3.65 million (£1.9 million).
· The board of directors of Empresaria believe the acquisition will be earnings enhancing on an adjusted basis in the 2016 financial year.
* The unaudited EBIT of Rishworth for the year ended 31 March 2016 was NZD$3.0m (£1.6 million), with the adjusted EBIT adding back Europe agency fees, which will not be payable under Empresaria ownership.
Rishworth overview
Headquartered in Auckland, New Zealand, with a regional office in Stockholm, Sweden, Rishworth is a leading independent staffing company supplying pilots and aviation personnel to the aviation industry, including Norwegian Long Haul, Korean Air and Vietnam Airlines. Rishworth provides staffing services to clients across the globe, with a significant presence across Asia, Europe and Africa.
The acquisition complements Empresaria's stated growth strategy of developing leading brands in their sectors and further diversifying Empresaria's business | 208 |
Opelousas 4-year-old wandered off campus during school, stranger found him
by: Rebeca Marroquin, KLFY
OPELOUSAS, La. (KLFY)- A four-year-old Park Vista<|fim_middle|> was just like he was just nothing to them. And that's my child. That's my world."
For now, Ford says she won't be taking her son back to Park Vista until something is done. "I don't feel safe bringing him back to school. Because what if I bring him back to school and it happens again and then I don't see my child anymore?"
When News 10's Rebeca Marroquin asked the boy why he left the classroom, he said it was because his teacher had hit him on his head and he wanted his mom.
St. Landry Parish Superintendent Patrick Jenkins says they're taking the matter very seriously and an investigation is underway. | Elementary student was found wandering in the street by himself during school hours.
News 10 spoke to the man who found the boy and has an exclusive interview with the mother of the child.
Letendre Ford says she was at work when she saw a Facebook post about a child walking on their own outside of school– she says she didn't think anything of it.
She tells us she figured the school would have contacted her if it was her child. But when she picked her son up from school, she found out more.
"I asked my child what happened and he clarified for me. And I went and talked to the person on Facebook and she described my son's book sack and said my name, that's from when she asked my child who his mommy was. And the neighbor, Jamara Jenkins, brought him back to the school."
Rebeca spoke to Jenkins, who explains what he saw when he found Ford's son. "I thought somebody was with him and I just couldn't see them. I thought they were maybe behind the cars. So when I turned into my driveway, I looked harder and noticed nobody was with him."
Jenkins said that's when he approached the boy, "I asked him what's his name and he told me Cody. I asked him, 'Well where are you going, Cody?' He said he was going home, he wanted his mommy."
Jenkins says he then took the 4-year-old back to school. He says the whole situation was hard to believe, "I'm actually wondering what the teacher was doing. I mean, when I brought him in there [the school office], they were just as shocked as me. They didn't even know he was missing."
Ford tells News 10 she doesn't know how long her son was missing from school, but she says even one minute was too long.
"I'm just happy that man was outside and grabbed my child because he was by himself. Even the man said he was easy. Easy access because nobody was outside even looking for him."
"Something could have happened so bad. I would have went to school and my child wouldn't have been there," she added. "And they didn't even report it, they didn't call me. It | 455 |
Duterte Threatens to Bomb Islamic State Hostages: 'Better Not Get Yourselves Kidnapped'
AFP/Manman Dejeto
Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte repeatedly threatened to impose martial law on his nation and threatened to killed hostages taken by Islamic State affiliate Abu Sayyaf to eradicate the jihadist<|fim_middle|>radical islamRodrigo Duterte | group.
Duterte, who has called the observance of human rights norms in the context of a war on terror "bullshit," has launched a new initiative against Abu Sayyaf, a radical jihadist group primarily concentrated in Duterte's native southern Mindanao island. Abu Sayyaf has pledged allegiance to the Islamic State.
Armed Forces Chief of Staff Gen. Eduardo Año announced Tuesday that the military had six months to eradicate the terrorist group completely. "As pronounced by our president, we have a very tall order to do. And we have six months to totally decimate the Abu Sayyaf group and the other terror groups here in Western Mindanao," Año told reporters.
Duterte himself said on Saturday that Abu Sayyaf terrorists should not assume that their lives will be spared if they use hostages as human shields. "They say, 'What about the hostage?' Sorry, collateral damage," he said. "Then if they are blasted everyday [sic], that [kidnappings] would stop … so, better not get yourselves kidnapped."
Duterte had previously vowed to "eat" Abu Sayyaf terrorists "in front of people. … I will eat you alive, raw." He has also admitted that he has "cousins" who fight for the Islamic State, the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), and other terrorist groups in the area.
The Philippine military issued a report in October estimating that Abu Sayyaf had generated $7.3 million in kidnapping ransoms between January and June of 2016. While the Philippines has an official policy of not paying ransom to Abu Sayyaf, foreigners have paid to free their relatives, primarily Indonesian nationals.
Duterte announced his plan to ramp up the campaign against Abu Sayyaf after visiting the wake of a Philippine soldier killed in a Special Forces operation against the terrorist group, leaving behind a three-year-old daughter. The soldier was the nation's first military loss of 2017.
While announcing the new initiative to eradicate Abu Sayyaf, a spokesman for the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) clarified that Duterte had not given any orders to disregard loss of hostage lives in operations against the terror group.
The presidential office also clarified that Duterte's repeated mentions of martial law did not mean he intended to impose it. "The president has categorically said no to martial law. He even made a pronouncement saying that martial law did not improve the lives of the Filipinos," Duterte's spokesman Martin Andanar said this week, calling it "misreporting" and "the height of journalistic irresponsibility" to claim this.
"If I have to declare martial law, I will declare it — not about invasion, insurrection, not about danger. I will declare martial law to preserve my nation –- period," Duterte had said on Friday night. "I will declare martial law if I wanted to. No one will be able to stop me."
Multiple Philippine senators have implored Duterte to leave martial law off the table in the case of Abu Sayyaf. "President Duterte should just shut up on these martial law threats and just govern our country the way any responsible leader should," Sen. Antonio Trillanes IV said on Monday, according to the Philippine Star.
"There is no basis to declare martial law," said Senate Minority Leader Ralph Recto. "No foreign army is steaming toward our shores to invade us. And as the President himself likes to brag, crime is down and the people are safe in their homes and communities."
Israel / Middle EastNational Securityabu sayyafAsiaISISIslamic StateMartial LawPhilippines | 743 |
*Quick Ship color is Crystal. If QS color is out of stock customer will be notified within 2 business days. All other colors ship directly from Kartell Italy. ETA 8-10 weeks.
Taj is more than a lamp, it is a three-dimensional sign, a luminous sculpture, a presence as much at home on our desk as on another piece of furniture. Although it is a table lamp, Taj abandons the articulated, jointed and mechanical stereotype for a simple form serving the practical function for which it is intended. Beautiful either on or off<|fim_middle|> of furnishing and accessories, industrial communication, exhibition, event and show room installation. He has worked with a variety of companies worldwide. In 1992, the collaboration between Laviani and Foscarini began and it has continued since, with the research of new shapes and materials. His contemporary style is hallmarked by a particular sign or color. | , Taj uses LED technology to optimize and minimize the light source as much as possible and at the same time it is a new step forward in meeting the corporate technical challenge by producing an object from unique know-how. Taj is produced in the completely "naked" transparent version, in the "frozen" satin-finished plastic version and in the white and black matte versions.
As an architect and designer, Ferruccio Laviani works in the fields | 90 |
As demand for solar systems increases, solar manufacturers and installers are competing aggressively to acquire and convert new residential and commercial prospects. To find and covert the ideal solar customer -- one based in the right state with the right credit, roof, rate plan and electricity expenses -- providers are pursuing a variety of new and innovative customer acquisition techniques including digital marketing, retail partnerships, door-to-door sales, telemarketing and direct response campaigns.
These techniques attempt to maximize conversion rates while controlling costs. GTM Research estimates that residential solar customer acquisition cost installers $0.49/W in 2013. By 2017, this cost will fall to $0.35/W<|fim_middle|>M Research Solar Analyst, co-author of "US Residential Solar PV Customer Acquisition: Strategies, Costs and Vendors"
Richard Dumas, Director of Product & Solution Marketing at Five9, a provider of cloud contact center software, used by leading solar providers to manage sales, service and support. | , saving the industry a total of $619 million between 2014 and 2017. The on-demand webinar below examines some of the most successful strategies solar providers are using to close sales over the phone or online as they strive to obtain more customers while controlling acquisition costs.
Nicole Litvak, GT | 67 |
Coal residue stains river but not thought a danger
Coal residue washed into the Black Warrior River from<|fim_middle|> said the company paid the fines and the case is closed.
Reach Michael James at michael.james@tuscaloosanews.com or 345-0505, Ext. 365. | a Holt coal yard Tuesday but did not appear to pose a threat to the public, emergency officials said.
The scope of the discharge and its effect on the river could not immediately be determined, but preliminary tests showed the water to be within normal acidity limits.
The Alabama Department of Environmental Management is investigating the discharge.
Ron Hampel, director of the Tuscaloosa County Emergency Management Agency, said storm water being pumped from a catch basin at Empire Coke Co. apparently carried small particles of coal called "fines" into a ditch and then into the river.
An Empire Coke spokesman declined to comment and referred calls to the EMA.
A Tuscaloosa Police Department helicopter pilot reported discoloration of the river's water during a routine flyover of the river Tuesday morning. The coal was visible as it settled in the river, leaving a black trail about 30 feet long.
The police department contacted the EMA, which immediately dispatched a Tuscaloosa Fire Department first responder unit to the site.
After contacting the Alabama
Department of Environmental Management and the emergency coordinator at Empire Coke, Hampel said he determined there was "no immediate danger to the public."
Hampel said coal is not classified as a hazardous material and did not require a response "other than investigating officers and fire officers going out there and finding out what they had."
A pH test of the discolored water indicated it was within normal limits, said Capt. Robert Gibson, who leads the fire department's hazardous materials response team. If the water was too acidic, it could cause a fish kill, Gibson said. "It was strictly a nonemergency situation," he said.
Roger Conville, founder of Black Warrior Riverkeeper, a recently formed environmental organization, said coal in any form would add to the acidity of the water. "It's not a good thing," he said.
Measuring the incremental effect of pollutants on the environment is difficult, Conville said. "Coal spills off overloaded barges into the river, but there's no way to measure that," he said.
The coal residue in the river Tuesday did not appear to result from an equipment malfunction or human error. Empire Coke pumps water from catch basins in the coal yard as part of its normal operating procedure, Gibson said. The company ceased pumping out the basins pending an investigation by the ADEM.
An investigator from the ADEM's Birmingham field office was at the site but was not available for comment.
Gibson said the ADEM would determine whether Empire Coke was within the tolerances allowed by its storm water permit.
James Davidson, an ADEM environmental manager in the Birmingham field office, said he could not comment about the specific discharge at Empire Coke because of the ongoing investigation.
Whether coal residue in water is a threat to the environment, he said, would depend on the volume of the discharge in relation to the size of the body of water.
"It's a little deceiving because it's so black," Davidson said. "You can see it in a body of water if the water is not too turbid. Coal fines are considerably heavier than coal dust and will settle fairly quickly from the discharge point."
The water sample collected by the fire department showed particles of coal ranging in size from dust to pea gravel.
Processed and unprocessed coal is stored at the coal yard. It was unclear whether the coal fines came from the catch basins or were picked up from the ground as the storm water flowed into the ditch.
Empire Coke heats coal to refine it into coke, which is used to manufacture iron and steel.
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration fined Empire Coke $85,075 for 23 serious health and safety violations, including improper training procedures, after inspecting the plant in January 2001.
An OSHA spokesman | 767 |
Sanjay Gupta's new book 'Keep Sharp: Build a Better Brain at Any Age' is available for purchase now! Learn more.
About the AARP® Purpose Prize® Award
2021 Purpose Prize Winners
Award Jury
Georgette Bennett
Founder, Multifaith Alliance for Syrian Refugees
"The impact of this work has been profound and life-transforming. I've seen Syrians and Israelis rise above politics, suspicion, and hatred to work together, laugh together, and encounter each other as human beings rather than stereotypes."
En español | I started this work in 2013 at the age of 67, when I saw in Syria's crisis not only as a chance to alleviate terrible human suffering but also to build bridges that could<|fim_middle|> "Thou shalt not stand by idly while the blood of your neighbor cries out from the earth"— out of my head. I felt compelled to take action.
Advice to those who want to make a difference
Start with a needs assessment and focus on what's doable. Find an angle that differs from what others are doing in the space you're working in because there's no point in reinventing the wheel. You'll be much more successful carving out your own niche than competing with other organizations.
My late husband, Rabbi Marc Tanenbaum, was a pioneer in inter-religious relations and a world-renowned human rights activist. When he died in 1992, he left me with a son who was born seven weeks later. I was inspired to build on the work that Marc had been doing so I founded the Tanenbaum Center for Interreligious Understanding. My experience has given me the tools to create nonprofit organizations that address pressing crises and alleviate human suffering.
Why my approach is unique
I'm a great believer in tackling crises by focusing on what is doable rather than on the totality of the problem. We work directly with trusted local non-government organizations, which means there are no commissions to pay and 100 percent of our goods go to the intended beneficiaries, rather than being diverted to store shelves or sold illegally. Also, we uniquely saw the potential of Israel, which shares a border with the four countries most impacted by the crisis, to be used as a staging area for the outbound delivery of international humanitarian aid. The fact that MFA is a multi-faith organization brings a great deal of moral authority to bear on this. It's about harnessing the power of the collective.
When I knew we were having an impact
The impact of this work has been profound and life-transforming. I've seen Syrians and Israelis rise above politics, suspicion, and hatred to work together, laugh together, and encounter each other as human beings rather than stereotypes. Through humanitarian diplomacy and aid, we were able to contribute to the stability of the region.
What's next for the Multifaith Alliance for Syrian Refugees
Because the Golan Channel has been shut down, we have rerouted our deliveries to northeast and northwest Syria, going through Turkey and Iraq. We haven't missed a beat. The destruction and shifting political and military landscapes in both areas have left a big gap in international relief, increasing the need for our expanded efforts to bring aid to a war-ravaged population. Many people in Syria have been blinded or vision-impaired in the course of this war. Over the next two years, we're working on a plan to deliver cutting-edge special glasses from Israel that will enable those whose vision has been impaired in the war to see. We also have started a women's relief program, providing supplies for the medical needs of women and children.
Learn about other Purpose Prize winners | contribute to the future stability of the region. The Multifaith Alliance for Syrian Refugees provides basic items that people need — food, medicine, medical care, clean water, and warm clothing. We have delivered more than $130 million of humanitarian aid directly into Syria.
The problem I'm trying to solve
We're trying to do a number of things simultaneously — the priority of those things changes year to year depending on what's happening. Basically, we provide humanitarian aid in parts of Syria that are hard to access or that are having difficulties because of the geopolitical situation, and we have raised funds for organizations that provide direct services on the ground. If you can't resettle refugees, you have to provide aid in place — that's what we're doing now. In previous years, we advocated for increased refugee admissions to the U.S. and Europe and focused on countering misinformation and fear that were driving public policy.
The moment that sparked my passion
When I read the International Rescue Committee's report on the Syrian crisis, which was issued in January 2013, I was absolutely stunned by the magnitude of this crisis and particularly hit by the gender violence. At the time no one was paying attention to what was happening in Syria — the country was forgotten by the world. I could not get Leviticus 19:16 — | 273 |
a skilled manual worker who makes items that may be functional or strictly decorative.
in their work and what they create.
These elegant glass kitchen counter-tops, back-splash, dividers, cabinet door panels and counter cabinet enclosures are available in a wide selection of thicknesses, edge treatments, surface treatments, colors and shapes. Glass custom designs are easily maintained due to their non-porous, stain proof, tensile strength, hygienic and anti-bacterial qualities. Your personalized, custom art glass will always enhance your home or place of business with its contemporary beauty and sophistication.
1/2", 3/4", 1", 1 1/2". Custom thicknesses are also available.
Designs etched around or centered within the border of a mirror or glass.
Unique patterns in speckled, sculpt<|fim_middle|>.
This modern design element delivers high-end style to translate your vision into reality. | ured or frosted are applied onto a large surface of glass or mirror.
Deep grooves are etched into heavy glass for a striking appearance.
This process is used to etch any design onto nearly any thickness glass or mirror.
Etched glass designs radiate elegance and sophistication | 55 |
Online payment giant PayPal has confirmed that it is to purchase Paydiant, a company that provides mobile wallet technology for a number of major apps.
Most notably among those supported apps are those from MC<|fim_middle|> mobile payment system – albeit working in the background. PayPal has confirmed that its intention is to enable its retail partners to continue creating their own branded wallets, whether that incorporates mobile payments, store cards, or loyalty cards.
Paydiant is more of a facilitator than a dominating standard, licensing its core technology rather than demanding a cut of the income. PayPal also describes Paydiant's approach as "technology agnostic," in that its merchants can use any mobile payment technology with their custom wallets, including NFC and humble QR codes.
The likes of MCX see the mobile payment revolution as a chance to break away from the grip of credit cards and their attendant fees. This is why they are reluctant to accept Apple Pay, which comes with its own fees on every transaction made.
Read More: What is Apple Pay?
PayPal's acquisition of Paydiant will also see the company exploring another avenue away from online payments and into the realm of physical shots. | X, which is the consortium of major retailers behind incoming Apple Pay rival CurrentC.
By acquiring Paydiant, then, PayPal will instantly position itself as a major rival to Apple's | 37 |
When EllaDee read our old post on the Somerville Museum in Bathurst, she suggested that we visit Dove and Lyre in nearby Newtown.
Finally, this wonderful piece of shale from the Green River Formation in the Rocky Mountains (USA). We have a herring fossil from there, so I was chuffed to be able to add this one to our mantlepiece.
Dove and Lyre is based at 459 King Street, Newtown, and run by the charming Rob and his lovely wife (and "boss-lady") Di. They're opened very civilized hours: 12pm – 5pm Tuesday to Friday, 11am – 5pm Saturday, and 11am to 4pm Sundays. They're more than happy for folks to spend hours browsing, so long as they don't break anything!
What a collection! I used to have a bit of an obsession with amethyst when I was younger. I had some very pretty little pieces.
What a find! Love the detail in those fossilised lilies. We used to occasionally find trilobites in creek beds in southern Ohio where we grew up. Some houses there are actually built with fossil stone in the walls. We lived in one when I was a small girl. Those geodes are gorgeous too, all of it really. Thanks for sharing.
Ardys, how cool to find trilobites in creek beds! And to be able to see fossils in the walls of houses!
Beautiful- I love the big pricey items- but the ones you chose are so intimate and endearing! They fit with you!
Thanks Heidi, they were only small, but they do indeed fit very well with the other pieces on our mantelpiece!
Oh my goodness, what a treasure trove, Celia!
I so agree with the others that place is a treasure trove, such amazing collection. How was the specimens collected and not damaged?
Norma, the really amazing pieces were very expensive (although not as expensive as I expected) – I guess that reflects the rarity of getting such old fossils in great condition!
I'm so pleased you liked Dove & Lyre. The people are nice, always happy to chat, and were really helpful with my Christmas shopping for the G.O. We've bought a few smaller items but managed to avoid – so far – temptation on the larger. The store is a great addition to King Street and just diverting to spend some time browsing the wonders.
ED, it's such a hidden treasure, who could expect a $38000<|fim_middle|> labradorite is amazing – it glows the most amazing blue in the right light!
Oooh I would love a look round that shop with my little man.
Wow, I could spend all their opening hours just strolling around and wishing. I'm sorry Pete said no on that gorgeous piece. Maybe next year. | dinosaur fossil in the middle of Newtown? Thanks so much for putting us on to them!
Maz, he really would! Some amazing old petrified wood pieces there he'd love!
Charlie, the labradorite is iridescent, so when the light is at the right angle, it positively glows!
My heart sings – the information will be stored – I hope for but a short duration!!!!
It's a great place to visit!
Hehe now these people have the right idea about hours! None of this early morning stuff :) What an interesting store!
What amazing pieces! I'm always amazed to look at the detail in fossils. They say that nature is the greatest artist and you have demonstrated that so well in this post.
Thanks for stopping by, Deb! As you say, the detailing in the pieces is astonishing!
Such an interesting store to spend a little time browsing or purchasing a little treasure.
Karen, I really liked the fact that I could get a little fossil for $10, in the same shop that was selling a giant amethyst geode for $10.5K!
Gee, that looks like fun. I can imagine spending hours in a place like that.
They're all so beautiful and interesting. I'd never, ever seen anything like that store… a place where they sell fossils etc. – amazing !!
Each one is a truly unique and gorgeous work of art!
Hi Celia, thanks so much for posting this. Have shown hubby this post, we have never heard of this store and it's right up his alley we will have to make a visit. I think some of the pricing is quite reasonable. The fronds are so detailed, that is a beautiful piece.
What an incredible place. You really did a great job with the photos, showing the detail on these. Every one I looked at I thought "oh, would I love that one", and then I see the next one & want that one even more. I have to say that disc of petrified wood is maybe my favorite. How in the world did you ever decide on just a couple pieces though with so much to chose from?
Thanks Diane – all taken on the iPhone too! :) I kept thinking that the petrified wood would make a wonderful side table or something, but it weighed a ton (and cost a fortune). It did take us a long time to choose, but I had a relative small budget (in fossil terms), so we could only afford a few small pieces. The | 510 |
I don't know about<|fim_middle|> do not belong to me. | you but Cardi B's glow up in 2017 is inspiring and I cannot stop listening to her music.
At first I was like 'What is a Cardi B?' but I remembered she had infilitrated my IG feed for years and I'd always caught snippets of her on Love and Hip Hop. With a name like Cardi B (Her sister's name is Hennesy Carolina for one), I think we all knew she was destined for fame. Whilst some of her views may appear problematic, there is something about Cardi B's personality that is raw, infectious and real. She is a straight up New Yorker (My favourite place in the world), isn't afraid to rock some Fashion Nova and frankly she's my new favourite rapper.
It's okay to be comfortable in your surroundings, a relationship or a job BUT it's also important to not get too comfortable. Not to be the bearer of bad news but does anything really last forever? You can be made redundant, dumped or lose a vital thing that keeps you sane at any moment. So its important to always plan ahead, be smart with your money and be real with yourself.
Right, so this is a bit of a random one but it's funny how the ones that talk about you love you at the same time right? They're always checking up on you and watching your every move. I think they call this a FAN.
3) It's all about that shmoney, you know what I'm saying'?
My mood for 2018, time to stack those coins and live bouji on a budget.
Moonwalking is the hardest thing on the planet next to understanding how to use the Northern line. Embrace who you are, embrace your flaws (if you can) or just fake it to you make it and moonwalk all over those enemies of progression.
No matter happens to us in life, we all end up with the same fate. Be humble.
Gifs sourced from GIPHY as usual, they | 408 |
Accountants' exemption revival 'not going to happen', CA ANZ tips
Despite substantial lobby efforts by the SMSF industry, one of the major accounting bodies says a reinstatement of the accountants' exemption is unlikely to happen based on meetings with ministers and ASIC.
Chartered Accountants Australia and New Zealand (CA ANZ) tax leader Michael Croker said CA ANZ has been contacted by members asking if the accountants' exemption, which permitted accountants to provide basic SMSF services without requiring an AFSL, could be reinstated.
"We have taken soundings at the ministerial level and from our committees. We have also spoken to CPA [about this]," Mr Croker said at the CA ANZ National SMSF Conference.
"We don't see that coming, but we do see it as an opportunity to claw back some territory in terms of pitching you and your skills as the foundation stone of a good, trusted relationship, which is something that accountants have always put forward as their strongest ace in the pack."
Accountants IQ<|fim_middle|> Public Accountants had previously arranged to meet with the Minister for Revenue and Financial Services Kelly O'Dwyer to discuss a possible reinstatement of the exemption, before Ms O'Dwyer was removed from the portfolio.
SMSF Adviser understands the IPA has since met with new Assistant Treasurer Stuart Robert on matters impacting IPA members.
While Mr Croker said the exemption is unlikely to be reinstated, the focus of the Hayne royal commission on commissions and remuneration could at least see some advantages for accountants who have embraced the fee for service over advisers using the commission model.
"I think there will be something coming from commissioner Hayne about remuneration and commissions and I think those of you who have embraced the fee for service model are on a winner," he said.
"Fee for service obviously isn't a magic wand, but it is a stronger card to play than the commission model." | director Bronny Speed said CA ANZ has also discussed the issue in meetings with ASIC.
"CPA and CA ANZ meet every quarter with ASIC. At the last I attended, I tried to make it quite clear to ASIC that I thought the pendulum had swung a bit too far and that some of our members find it quite hard to be commercial and do the right thing by clients with all these other bits and pieces they've got to do now," she said.
"ASIC didn't exactly jump over the table and say 'no problem that'll be fine we'll bring the accountants' exemption back to what it was'. I don't think that's going to happen."
The licensing regime, which replaced the accountants' exemption, has created a number of hurdles for SMSF accountants, prompting groups such as SMSF software firm BGL and the Institute of Public Accountants pushing the government to restore the exemption.
The Institute of | 189 |
Bits of Splendor: "She Believed She Could so She Did"
I read this the other day<|fim_middle|>! I'm taking them with me! :) Thanks for the inspiration and encouragement Laura - Thanks for using your giftings! Have a great day!
Thanks for sharing that! Really needed to hear that today!
I am going to print this one out and post it on my mirror so I can focus on your words as I get ready for my day. Your words are so true and they really hit me! I looovee you Laura... and thanks so much for everything!
to find fault something up from a a little girl, it's pretty authorise Hasbro cooked up a go bad-proof concept.
"I'm glad it's right now" | and it hit me hard.
The depth to that statement is so profound to me!
My calling. My gift. My passion. My dreams. My Vision.
What keeps us from them?
When I read that, it explained it all in one sentence.
daughters, sisters, friends, mothers...wish we could do something.
That last one seems most common.
Intended to keep us captive in our thoughts and in ourselves.
for a reason and with that, comes the ability to fulfill it.
And we have to let our heart be known. Our dreams told.
Our passions let out from the secret place we've kept them in.
Beyond our comfort zone and safe place.
we need to encourage them in one another.
and continue cheering through the success.
One day, when I look back on my life, I want my girls to be able to say they had a confident mom. A mom who encouraged them in their gifts and talents. Who taught them to encourage other women in their gifts and talents. A mom who taught them not to compete or compare, but to love themselves and each other.
...So they will know they can too.
So I know I've told you this quite a few times, however I'd like to say it again...You are awesome and wonderful. I love your blog and your encouragement even when we can't speak face to face. Thank you !!
Wow, I love that! Powerful (simple) words | 290 |
'The King and I':<|fim_middle|> Society: 5 p.m., last Sunday of every month. University Baptist Church, 16106 Middlebrook Drive, Clear Lake. For information, call Neil Miserendino at 281-286-8243 or visit www.txbayareagen.org.
Aerobics: Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays at 9 a.m. Crosby Community Center, 409 Hare Road. 281-462-0543. | Through April 3. Hobby Center for the Performing Arts. Sunday is Annual Asian Heritage Day. Call 888-558-3882 or visti www.tuts.com. Audio described performances are available March 27 at 2 p.m.; open captioning March 27 at 7:30 p.m. and March 31 at 8 p.m. Group discounts available for 15 or more and may be purchased by calling 713-558-8888.
Watercolor Show: Through April 1, 10 a.m. - 3 p.m. 1601 Watercolor Art Society of Houston. West Alabama, Houston. For more information on this and other gallery showings, call 713-942-9966.
Blood Drive: Through tomorrow. Pasadena Neighborhood Donor Center, 3315 Burke Rd., Suite 100, PasadenaDiagnostic Center .Call 713-946-2411 or visit www.giveblood.org for hours.
Tax preparation assistance: Through April 14, 10 a.m. - 2 p.m. La Porte Community Library, 600 South Broadway, La Porte. AARP volunteers will provide tax preparation assistance. The program is free and open to the public. Appointments are encouraged. Call 281-471-4022 to schedule an appointment.
San Jac Faculty Recital: 7:30 p.m. Proscenium Theatre of the Marie Spence Flickinger Fine Arts Center , San Jacinto College South. The program includes performances by full- and part-time instructors who will dance, sing and play varied instruments such as the piano, guitar and trumpets.
A donation of $5 per person will be accepted at the door to benefit the South Campus Fine Arts Scholarship Fund.
For more information or to make a donation, contact David Sloat at x3563 or david.sloat@sjcd.edu.
'Ladies at the Alamo': 8 p.m. Pasadena Little Theatre, 4318 Allen-Genoa Road. The play by Paul Zindel runs through April 3, with Friday and Saturday performances at 8 p.m. and Sunday performances at 3 p.m. Call 713-941-1758 for reservations.
Arts and Crafts Show: Saturday, 9 a.m.-6 p.m., Baytown Community Center, 2407 Market St. Baytown Parks and Recreation is accepting booth rental applications for its 2005 Springtacular Arts and Crafts Show by mail or in person. Admission to the show is free to the public. For information, call 281-420-6597.
Springtacular Craft Show: Saturday, 9 a.m. -5 p.m. Baytown Community Center, 2407 Market St. in Baytown. Free event. For details, call Baytown Parks and Recreation at 281-420-6597, or e-mail pard@baytown.org.
Adult Literacy tutor training: Saturday, 9 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. La Porte Community Library, 600 South Broadway. The library seeks volunteer tutors to help adults learn to read, write and speak English. After the workshop, volunteers will be matched with a student or a small group of students at La Porte Community Library. Training is free. Registration is required. For more information or to register for this workshop, call librarian Andrea Wyrick at 281-471-4022.
South Belt Fun Fest: Saturday. Locations and times vary for different events. Event includes fun run, softball game, tennis tournaments and singing contest. For more information or event applications, call the chamber at 281-481-5516 or e-mail amayfiled@southbeltchamber.com.
Zydeco Festival: Saturday, 1 p.m. - midnight. The Crosby Fairgrounds (Covered Rodeo Arena), 14920 Crosby Lynchburg Road, Crosby. The Budweiser Original Zydeco Jamm Festival is 12 hours of non-stop, live Zydeco music featuring local and national talent. The event also will consist of shopping, Cajun Cuisine and arts and crafts. Admission is $17 for adults, $5 for children under 12. Parking is $4 per car. For more information, call 281-471-5060.
Play auditions: Sunday, 21, 7:30 p.m. Pasadena Little Theatre, 4318 Allen-Genoa Road. Pasadena Little Theater is seeking five women and two men for the female version of Neil Simon's The Odd Couple. 713-941-1758.
Deer Park Chapter 3766 AARP meeting: Monday, 2 p.m. East Harris County Activity Center, 7340 Spencer in Pasadena. Business meeting and refreshments. Members asked to bring non-perishable goods and paper products.
TUTS Youth Audtions: Wednesday and April 1, 5 p.m. obby Center for the Performing Arts, 800 Bagby at Walker. "The World Goes 'Round" is a musical revue of Broadway shows. Auditioners must prepare a 16-bar-belt and ballad, provide own sheet music and wear dance clothing. To audition, RSVP at hsmt@tuts.com by Monday. For more information, call 713-558-8801.
Holistic health seminar: March 24, 7:30 p.m. CenterPoint, 1920 Hollister. Topic is hormones. 713-932-7224. Free.
IRS Seminar: March 29, 7:30 p.m.CenterPoint, 1920 Hollister. Former IRS agent will give latest law changes, information on audits, extensions deductions and much more. Free. 713-932-7224.
Environmental Workshop: April 16, 3-4 p.m. North Channel Branch Library, 15741 Wallisville Road. Harris County Public Library sponsors "The Environment & You: An Environmental Hazards Workshop." Free workshop informs concerned citizens on how to find out about local environmental concerns. Phone: 281-457-1631.
Play Auditions: April 16, 17. Saturday from noon - 4 p.m. and Sunday from 7-10 p.m. Pasadena Little Theatre seeks 25 actors, singers and dancers for its production the musical Grease. Contact the director, Marc Glover at 832-414-8411 or mgtsjmajor@yahoo.com for details or visit the Web site at www.pasadenalittletheatre.org for more information.
Art exhibit: 8-5 p.m. Galeria Del Norte at San Jacinto College North, 5800 Uvalde Road, Houston. The college is presenting "pluck," an art exhibit, featuring the work of Caroline Guevara, a former painting student. For more information, call 281-458-4050, Ext. 7285.
Crosby Quilt Guild: Monday, 6 p.m. Crosby Bretheren Church, 4202 1st St. Visit www.crosbyquiltguild.com for more information.
Methodist Church, 1334 Runneburg Road, in the Sunshine classroom. Contact Diane J for more information at 281-328-2791 or e-mail her at dianej@houston.rr.com.
Mystery Lovers: Book club meeting: First Monday of the month. 6-7 p.m. La Porte Community Library, 600 S. Broadway, La Porte. Stop by the library's Information Desk to register for the group or call 281-471-4022.
Fitness classes: Mondays, Tuesdays and Thursdays, 9 a.m. - 5:30 p.m. South Main Baptist Church, 4300 Beltway 8 in Pasadena. Classes meet for kickboxing, body sculpting, pilates, step and more. Classes are $2 per class or $18 for a 12-class visit.
Word Factory: A poetry reading group meets at The Arts Alliance Center on the third Saturday of each month from 10 a.m.-1 p.m. All aspiring poets are welcome. For more information, contact Caroline Ross at 281-486-4480 or hitus@sbcglobal.net.
Free GED classes: Harris County Department of Education's Adult Education Division is offering free GED classes from 8:30 a.m.-1:30 p.m., Monday through Thursday at St. Timothy's Episcopal Church, 13125 Indianapolis. For information on eligibility or on the program, call 713-455-3230, or after 2 p.m. call 713-453-6317.
$25 registration fee are required. For more information, visit www.karate-kids.net or call Rick Clark at 281-479-7123.
Yoga with Felicia: 10 a.m. Tuesdays. The volunteer instructor is Felicia Thomas, Wellness Center coordinator at Lee College in Crosby. Crosby Community Center, 409 Hare Road. Call the community center at 281-462-0543.
Aerobics: Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. 9 a.m. Crosby Community Center, 409 Hare Road. Boost energy, stamina and flexibility levels with aerobics. For details more information on this and other activities at Crosby Community Center, call 281-462-0543.
Video step aerobics: Mondays, Tuesdays and Thursdays. 6-6:55 p.m. Bring a step board; high impact workout. Crosby Community Center. For more information, call 281-462-0543.
Bay Area Genealogical | 2,230 |
If you know more information about Selma Blair help us to improve this page
23 June 1972, Southfield, Michigan, USA
Birth Name:
Selma Blair Beitner
One of our most exciting and versatile actresses, Selma Blair first gained attention for her performance in Cruel Intentions (1999), a youthful retelling of the classic novel "Les Liaisons Dangereuses".Selma was born in Southfield, Michigan, to Molly Ann (Cooke), a judge, and Elliot I. Beitner, a lawyer. She had a Jewish upbringing. After... Show more »
One of our most exciting and versatile actresses, Selma Blair first gained attention for her performance in Cruel Intentions (1999), a youthful retelling of the classic novel "Les Liaisons Dangereuses".Selma was born in Southfield, Michigan, to Molly Ann (Cooke), a judge, and Elliot I. Beitner, a lawyer. She had a Jewish upbringing. After graduating from high school in Michigan, Selma moved to New York City to pursue her goal of being a photographer but found her way to acting classes at The Stella Adler Conservatory and Stonestreet Studios.Selma starred for two seasons as the title character in the WB's Zoe, Duncan, Jack & Jane (1999) and then appeared in the hit comedy, Legally Blonde (2001) opposite Reese Witherspoon. She then starred opposite Cameron Diaz and Christina Applegate in The Sweetest Thing (2002) and in two independent films that garnered her much critical acclaim: Dana Lustig's Kill Me Later (2001) and Todd Solondz's controversial Storytelling (2001).In 2004, Selma starred in Guillermo del Toro's Hellboy (2004) and appeared in John Waters's A Dirty Shame (2004). Her other film credits include Paul Weitz's In Good Company (2004), opposite Topher Grace in Pretty Persuasion (2005), opposite Stellan Skarsgård in w Delta z (2007), in Ed Burns's Purple Violets (2007), in Robert Benton's Feast of Love (2007) starring opposite Morgan Freeman and Greg Kinnear.and Newton Thomas Sigel's award-winning short film, The Big Empty (2005) opposite Elias Koteas.2008 was a busy year for Selma Blair. After My Mom's New Boyfriend (2008) (aka "Homeland Security"), Selma returned to the big screen as "Liz Sherman" in Guillermo del Toro's blockbuster sequel, Hellboy II: The Golden Army (2008). She also starred in an independent film by writer and director Lori Petty, titled The Poker House (2008), starring opposite Oscar and Golden Globe nominee, Jennifer Lawrence. In the fall of 2008, Selma went to television and shot one season with NBC's Kath & Kim (2008), starring opposite Molly Shannon. In the fall of 2009, Selma took to the stage and played "Kathleen" in award-winning playwright Rajiv Joseph's "Gruesome Playground Injuries". In 2010, Selma starred in the suspense thriller, Columbus<|fim_middle|>
American Crime Story - Season 2
Portlandia - Season 8
Lost in Space - Season 1
The Late Late Show with James Corden - Season 4
Heathers - Season 1
The Daily Show - Season 23
EPS162
Eva Hesse
Sex Death and Bowling
Anger Management - Season 4
Selma Blair'S roles
Liz Sherman
Emily Lott
Abigail Clayton
Vivienne Kensington
Kate Wales | Circle (2012), starring opposite Jason Lee, Amy Smart, Giovanni Ribisi and Kevin Pollak. Selma did some shorts during 2010, including 3 episodes of Lisa Kudrow's Web Therapy (2008), a Danko Jones music video starring opposite Elijah Wood, a guest episode of Fred Armisen's web TV show Portlandia (2011) and a Mollie Jones short titled Animal Love (2011). Selma completed two films in 2011. In Their Skin (2012), a home invasion thriller, starring opposite James D'Arcy, and Dark Horse (2011) - Todd Solondz's latest film starring opposite Jordan Gelber, Christopher Walken and Mia Farrow. Dark Horse (2011) was selected for competition and is set to have its world premiere at the 68th annual Venice Film Festival followed by the Toronto Film Festival in September of 2011. 2011 also brings Selma Blair's latest project, motherhood. Selma and her "Ever Clothing" fashion designer boyfriend, Jason Bleick, welcomed their son, Arthur Saint Bleick, on July 25th 2011. Show less «
On husband Ahmet Zappa's noteworthy proposal: "I said, 'I need something to make sure that this is real,' a Ferrari or something, and so he ...Show more »
On husband Ahmet Zappa's noteworthy proposal: "I said, 'I need something to make sure that this is real,' a Ferrari or something, and so he gave me a highlighter pen. It was a yellow highlighter pen. ... He told me that his father, Frank Zappa, had asked his mother to marry him with a pen". Show less «
[on performing in Hellboy II: The Golden Army (2008)] I loved being surrounded by monsters and I guess it goes back to my childhood. I loved...Show more »
[on performing in Hellboy II: The Golden Army (2008)] I loved being surrounded by monsters and I guess it goes back to my childhood. I loved fairy tales - Aesop's Fables, Grimm's Fairy Tales. I was a big fan of Little Matchstick Girl. Show less «
I used to wear a lot of red lipstick, and when I got a pimple, I'd cover it up with eyeliner to turn it into a beauty mark.
I'm one of those hovering mothers and I know it's really important to have an independent child, so I'm trying to back off, but it's hard. I...Show more »
I'm one of those hovering mothers and I know it's really important to have an independent child, so I'm trying to back off, but it's hard. I love him so much, and he's so funny and cute to me. Show less «
I will do almost anything for the sake of a joke or for the sake of someone's real belief in something to help tell a story. I will not do s...Show more »
I will do almost anything for the sake of a joke or for the sake of someone's real belief in something to help tell a story. I will not do something shocking for the sake of being nasty. If it's not hurting anyone's feelings, I'm in on the joke. Show less «
God knows, I never want to hurt someone's feelings.
I think we all feel like misfits when we open our mouth sometimes, you know?
I think I'm more approachable with long hair. When it's short, I come across as being artsy and weird.
I'm pretty much a loner and I've lived under the radar.
I think Vegas is the answer for pregnant people because of insomnia. It's open all the time and you go down and play your silly slots.
Bathroom humor, fart, and poo poo humor in movies gets a laugh. It's a pretty easy audience, and that's been around for ages.
I have very little faith that I'll ever find someone. I've had some bad luck and I've made some bad choices - not in men, but in how I've ch...Show more »
I have very little faith that I'll ever find someone. I've had some bad luck and I've made some bad choices - not in men, but in how I've chosen to deal with relationships. Show less «
I think getting married gave me a focus. It gave me a focus and direction I want to have in my life. And I think having another person that ...Show more »
I think getting married gave me a focus. It gave me a focus and direction I want to have in my life. And I think having another person that you make such a purposeful bond with has given me the opportunity to see how that can be with all the other aspects of my life. Show less «
I'm flat-chested, I'm short, I'm brunette, I have droopy eyes, and so people have a hard time casting me as a 'beauty.'
My first crush was Spock. I thought it didn't get any better than Spock.
I have no ego, I'll make fun of myself, and I'll make fun of being humiliated. I get it.
I don't have the pressure of being a world-famous bombshell that has detonated.
I can't afford security. I can't afford a gated house. So, I feel a little vulnerable. I wish some laws would come into play.
I go from being hugely hopeful and entertaining to... really not. I'm not manic depressive, but I can really go to the darker side.
Part of me would love to have been a leading lady because there's a lot of glamor that goes with that and a lot of applause, but I've been v...Show more »
Part of me would love to have been a leading lady because there's a lot of glamor that goes with that and a lot of applause, but I've been very blessed. Show less «
The problem with paparazzi is that it makes you question your boundaries, like, how do I say, 'That's enough guys?'
I never want to be a showoff or attention getter or something that, truthfully, is kind of repulsive to me, but I get uncomfortable.
I don't always know how to communicate. I think I get a bit unfiltered and a bit strange to people.
I have no fears when it comes to my hair or clothes.
I love to laugh and well, who doesn't?
I have three sisters, that's it for the family.
I'm a working actress able to make choices based on characters rather than what I 'should' do for my career.
I'm open to anything. I would love to play someone completely off the wall.
It was like I had a baby and I suddenly started to feel I could play anything.
It's fun to go to the movies and be scared.
In high school I would mess with my hair and makeup all the time.
I do turn down things that I feel aren't right for me, like when it's some kind of adolescent thing that might typecast me, but I'm not worr...Show more »
I do turn down things that I feel aren't right for me, like when it's some kind of adolescent thing that might typecast me, but I'm not worried about it. Show less «
It's fun to play mom. Last I knew I was playing a 17-year-old who graduated.
Jason Lee made me laugh all the time because he's so big, and I love how goofy bodies can be.
My mother dressed me always very conservatively.
My sister, I have a sister who's 12 years older, she was always the party girl, the outrageous one.
I think it's been confusing for people because I haven't had a linear career.
I put my foot in my mouth every time I'm interviewed.
I went through a period of pulling away from everything - acting, people - not sure if I would ever have a voice in this business.
I think I'm under the radar enough where I don't think I'm typecast as anything yet, so I'm pretty free and clear.
I was a smoker for about 20 years.
If I get married, it's something you really have to work at. It's hard enough to work at having a relationship with best friends and girls t...Show more »
If I get married, it's something you really have to work at. It's hard enough to work at having a relationship with best friends and girls that are in the business. Show less «
Perhaps I have managed some sort of longevity because I haven't won the lead roles. I don't have the pressure of being a world-famous bombsh...Show more »
Perhaps I have managed some sort of longevity because I haven't won the lead roles. I don't have the pressure of being a world-famous bombshell that has detonated. Show less «
I don't like slugs and tentacles and calamari or anything. Actually, tentacles made me turn into a vegetarian in high school. I'm not anymor...Show more »
I don't like slugs and tentacles and calamari or anything. Actually, tentacles made me turn into a vegetarian in high school. I'm not anymore, but in high school, we were dissecting squid. Show less «
I played teen roles until high definition came out, and I could never understand it. I would go in for adult roles and be older than many of...Show more »
I played teen roles until high definition came out, and I could never understand it. I would go in for adult roles and be older than many of the people auditioning, but they'd cast the girl without a line on her face. Show less «
Selma Blair's Photos
Selma Blair's FILMOGRAPHY
as Actor (38)
Conan - Season 9
Project Runway - Season 17
American Idol - Season 17 | 2,102 |
Railroad<|fim_middle|> - Project Fully Funded by THEA | Track Removal Project Information
RECORDED PRESENTATION
The revitalization on the east side of Downtown Tampa began when THEA opened the Reversible Express Lanes (REL) and designed Meridian Avenue as its entrance and exit to the city. Before the REL project, Meridian Avenue was a two-lane road in an industrial area bordered by the Ardent Mills Flour Mill to the east and railroad tracks to the west.
When THEA reconstructed Meridian in 2004, our agency promised the community that once the flour mill was no longer located in downtown Tampa, we would remove the railroad tracks and help complete the grid road network by connecting Whiting Street to Meridian Avenue. This grid road network would connect the center portion of downtown Tampa to the east side, creating a more walkable downtown experience, that would also benefit mobility and promote ease of travel.
With the demolition of the Ardent Mills Flour Mill, THEA is following through on that commitment and removing the railroad tracks that used to service the mill. While THEA leased the tracks to Ardent Mills while the mill was still active, these tracks are owned by THEA, and sit on THEA's property. Removing the tracks is the first step in helping the City of Tampa create a street grid system.
Removing the tracks will better complete the downtown connectivity, walkability, and traffic pattern flows. The railroad track removal will eliminate traffic delays due to frequent rail crossings. In addition, it will improve the safety of motorists, pedestrians, and bicyclists in this area with a grid system that allows for timed pedestrian crosswalks, sidewalks, connected bike paths and pedestrian refuges.
Currently, the defunct railroad tracks cross at E. Jackson Street, E. Kennedy Boulevard, and E. Twiggs Street. The images below show the overview of the project areas.
Project Scope – Additional Enhancements
Meridian Greenway trail resurfacing
Signing and pavement marking improvements
Signalization improvements
Pedestrian sidewalk improvements within roadway crossings
Meridian Avenue safety improvements
Construction Timeline
January through Fall 2023
Estimated Project Cost
$20 million | 432 |
Former Brigg art teacher whose ex-pupils included John Lennon dies aged 89
Roy Perry taught the Beatles legend at school in Liverpool and went on to teach at the Winterton Secondary Modern and Glanford Secondary Modern schools
Nick Cole
Roy Perry, who has died at the age of 89
A former Brigg art teacher whose ex-pupils included John Lennon has died at the age of 89.
Father of three Roy Perry taught at the Winterton Secondary Modern School before becoming head of art and design at the<|fim_middle|> once selected for the county.
He was also an amateur radio enthusiast and his other interests included bowls, fly fishing, photography, gardening and travelling.
His wife recalled they once trekked across Australia from Cairns to Perth with their daughter Anna.
Pub looks set to reopen after being closed for two years
They slept in tents and sheltered from the heat in lava tubes as they crossed deserts and the adventure of a lifetime also saw the family swim in hot rivers in Gregory Downs.
When he retired from teaching in 1986, Mr Perry concentrated on his painting, drawing inspiration from his travels in Australia.
Paying tribute, his wife said: "As a man he was a proud father of our three daughters, six grandchildren and one great grand-daughter.
"He was friendly, good-humoured and loved to talk. When meeting pupils he was always interested in their progress and could even remember work they had done 60 years before. He will be sadly missed."
A private family graveside interment will be held on September 15 at 9.45am, followed by a memorial service at All Hallows Church, North Kelsey at 10.30am.
His family have requested no floral tributes, but donations can be made to Macmillan Cancer Support or District Nurses.
Winterton
EntertainmentBritain's Got Talent star Grace Bower bows out of showbusinessAfter 13 years in the business, she is hanging up her microphone to take up a new job
WestcliffEat out for less than £5 as The Arc opens its doors on the Westcliff estateThe community hub includes a cafe, a Post Office, the Little Owls pre-school, enterprise and youth zones and meeting rooms for hire
PlacesForest Pines to become North Lincolnshire's second Hilton hotel as it joins global brandIt is one of five Q Hotels properties to be rebranded under the DoubleTree by Hilton name under a franchise agreement | former Glanford Secondary Modern in Brigg.
He was said by former colleagues and students to have inspired confidence, skill and a life-long interest in art.
Mr Perry was born in Ellesmere Port and trained at the Liverpool College of Art, where he met his future wife Joan.
During his teacher training at the city's Quarrybank School, one of his pupils was Beatles musical legend John Lennon.
Axholme Academy receives 'good' Ofsted report
Mr Perry later served in the RAF as a radio operator, mainly based in Hong Kong.
Away from school, he led an active life.
He was a member of the Brigg Rifle Club and was | 132 |
UKU Women's Tour 2 Preview
Previews<|fim_middle|>18 February 2, 2018 Ali Thomas Leave a comment | , Womens
Hannah Pendlebury sets the stage for Women's Tour 2 in Cardiff
When I cast my eyes over the list of teams confirmed for Cardiff this year, I was dismayed. After an excellent showing during what turned out to be a rather hot and sunny weekend in Nottingham, I saw just 18 teams entered. Confused, I thought to myself "what on earth has happened to 10 teams worth of players?"
As my mind furiously whirred away to craft progressively outlandish conspiracy theories involving motorway accidents on the M1 and/or dinosaurs, my eyes read on. Whilst I noted a few teams consolidating to a single squad for the journey across the Severn bridge (notably SYC, Red and Discie Chicks), four clubs had been excluded by virtue of missing the payment deadline. Gutting.
Photo courtesy of Claire Baker
Imagine then, my delight upon seeing a schedule of 21 teams! Clearly our benevolent overlords had granted a payment extension to those delinquent treasurers. Seriously though, thank you to UK Ultimate and the Cardiff TDs for being accommodating, you rock.
But of course, I celebrated too soon. With a last minute drop out from The Brown women my hopes for a lay-in evaporated and we are now down to a 20 team schedule… Still though, 20 teams is better than 18! And whilst it is surprising not to see Exe Ladies at the closest event to home, Cardiff is a bit of a trek for other notable northern absentees Swift and LLLeeds. Although rumour has it that some women of the North will be making guest appearances this weekend- so keep your eyes peeled…
I think that's quite enough about the teams that aren't attending Tour 2. Instead let's see who will be hoping to achieve glory on the fields of Llanrumney!
Pool L – Iceni (1), Nice Bristols (3), Brighton Women (6), Purple Cobras (8)
With Iceni and Nice Bristols starting to crank up the gears on the final stretch before WUCC I expect they will take no prisoners in pool play, just like in Nottingham. These two will both advance into the top four bracket on Sunday, unless something drastic happens.
However, looking to fight it out for 6th seed (on the live stream no less) will be Brighton and Purple Cobras. Cobras sailed through Nottingham undefeated to win the plate, so it will be most exciting to see them flex their muscles against the upper echelons of Women's Tour. Brighton have a larger squad of fresher, slightly less experienced faces this time out and are missing talismanic handler Megan Hurst. But with players like Fran Scarampi and Marah Neal alongside their capable regular set, they may yet hold onto their seed.
Pool M – Reading 1 (2), SYC (4), SMOG (5), HYDRA 1 (7)
Reading women were the talk of the tournament in Nottingham. Snagging the 3rd seed during pool play with a 13-8 win over SYC 1, they went on to surmount SMOGlobetrotters and Nice Bristols on their way to a formidable final performance against Iceni. However, with SYC coming back together for Tour 2 it is going to be one heck of a fight for the top spot in this pool. SYC Coach James Burbidge was characteristically tight-lipped about his expectations for the weekend- though he did tip his hat to the sheer quality of the field this season. He also informed me that some of SYC's star players are sitting this one out to rest ahead of Cincinnati… I'm gutted it's not on the livestream schedule but if you find yourself at a loose end in Cardiff at midday, hustle over to pitch 11 and watch this game!
Photo courtesy of Sam Mouat
On the other end of this pool we have SMOG and HYDRA 1. Like SYC, SMOG have some absentees resting up ahead of Windmill next weekend and have consolidated to a single team. However, whereas SYC are all top-flight picks, SMOG's roster will be aiming to nurture some future stars and this could leave them vulnerable to the big name teams. After a frustrating Tour 1 experience plagued by unforced errors, HYDRA 1 will certainly be looking to exploit any weaknesses and advance a little higher up bracket play this time around. With the ruthlessly speedy Amina Malik as well as Lucy Cinnamond and Amy Van-Zyl on board this time out, I for one rate their chances.
Pool N – Red (9), Reading Red (15), HYDRA 2 (17)
Red women had a truly sensational Saturday in Nottingham, conceding just 2 points in pool play and then advancing to the plate final on Sunday afternoon. Another outfit condensing to a single team for the journey to Wales, they will look to build on this performance. Although Reading will be hungry to score more than one this time around, I expect Red will again sail through this pool and come out with buckets of energy for the 8v9 on Sunday morning to see if they can't snag themselves a top eight finish.
Unlike the numerous teams who have dropped down to a single squad, both Hydra and Reading have maintained multiple squads for Tour 2. Most impressive is of course Reading who again are fielding three teams by casting their net towards the south coast, though this time they are going for a more loaded approach with a second and third team split. This should therefore make the battle between Reading Red and HYDRA 2 a corker for sure!
Pool P – Reading Black (10), Merseyside Women (16), Brixton (18)
Much like Reading 1, Reading Black also had an excellent time in Nottingham – climbing from 23rd to 12th seed. However, although Reading will have a slightly stronger squad in Cardiff as a true second team, Merseyside will be snapping at their heels after a wet and slippery defeat first game in Nottingham. Whilst sixth seeds may separate these teams, if fortune favours Merseyside anything could happen. Brixton will also be looking to throw their hat into the ring and build on the momentum they built at Tour 1 where they put up some solid scorelines against strong teams and an especially dominant performance against Red 2 in pool play.
Pool Q – Chaos (11), Vurve (13), Discie Chicks (19)
Chaos had a challenging Saturday in Nottingham. Although they had the valuable experience of testing themselves against top teams from the very start of tour, they struggled to put points on the board. They also had a gutting loss to Purple Cobras on Sunday morning which relegated them to the 13-16 bracket. This Tour the schedule is a little more familiar to their starts last year, which may work out a little better and allow them to gain some momentum before they head into placement games. This will likely be reliant on how effectively they can focus against what might prove to be less challenging defences, though Vurve will certainly look to obstruct this after their successes back in Nottingham. Discie are also back together after plenty of lessons during their first outing of the season and it will be exciting to see what Lindsay Bradley and Fowzia Mahmood can bring out of their squad as a dynamic duo out in force on the same squad.
Pool R – Uprising (12), GBU20s (14), South Wales Storm (20)
Uprising were really unfortunate to have been in a pool with the underseeded Reading Black at Tour 1. Their inability to finish at the top meant they were locked out of the top 16 for the rest of the weekend. They took 17th with style, but will no doubt be hungry to climb up the rankings in Cardiff. They will face off against some familiar opponents having bested GBU20s on Sunday in Nottingham, as well as hoping to replicate their previous result in what is looking likely to be their 12v13 match up of Vurve. What I don't see is them surmounting the 5v12, but you never know… We do love an upset here at The ShowGame!
As for the other two teams in this pool, GBU20s feel like they could rise a few spots after some strong results in Nottingham – but the real excitement is South Wales Storm. By no means a new team to the Women's Tour circuit they always end up being a bit of a wildcard and with the home advantage they could bring some real spice to the lower bracket! As always, we'll have to wait and see.
June 15, 2018 showgameblog Leave a comment
EYPOTY Submission & Video Deadline Extended
EYPOTY, Mixed, news, Open, Womens
The outdoor season is now upon us, and we know all of you are busy playing lots of ultimate with lots of teams all over Europe. So we just wanted to send a quick reminder about the European Youth Player of the Year award!
We will be extending the deadline to submit your initial application form until 14th June. You can find the form HERE.
The deadline for videos is also extended to 29th July, so you still have plenty of time to get started! We're really looking forward to seeing what the young players of Europe can do.
All details about the award can be found here: http://showgame.co.uk/eypoty
June 4, 2018 June 1, 2018 cmwilliams Leave a comment
UKU Tour 1 Preview – Women's Division
news, Previews, Womens
Hannah Pendlebury returns to give us her view on the Women's division at this weekend's Windfarm.
The women's tour is alive and well. I for one am stoked to see a whopping 28 teams descending upon the Wind Farm this weekend! This figure is up five teams from last year and features two new arrivals in the shape of Purple Cobras and Exe Ladies, plus three club expansions showing great developmental work. Top stuff!
June 1, 2018 showgameblog Leave a comment
UK University Ultimate 2017/18: Women's Outdoor Nationals Preview
news, Previews, University, Womens
Our four Women's writers (Annie Bechtel, Kat Rowland, Isabel Goh and Becky Greenwood) combine to produce a full-sized preview for Women's Nationals this year, with Harry Mason filling in the gaps.
The days are lengthening and the skies are lighter; the outdoor season is here! Everyone knows outdoors is real Ultimate. The rain, the slippery mud, the four loads of laundry per week. The big throws, the zones, the layouts that don't hurt. Outdoors is the best. Unfortunately, Regionals was cancelled! So there's been no warm up for these teams, but in theory they've had an extra month to get really hyped! Instead of asking ourselves why mother nature hates university Ultimate, lets preview those teams heading to the Windfarm.
April 20, 2018 April 20, 2018 Harry Mason Leave a comment
I don't want to be the only girl in the village
Equality, International Women's Day, Womens
Charlie Blair has used International Women's Day to reflect on her own experiences as a young Ultimate player and on how we can all help Women's Ultimate to grow.
Until about age eleven, I didn't really have the opportunity to regularly play team sports with my female peers. Yes, we would be compelled by curriculum to have a weekly P.E. lesson as a whole class but girls playing team sports, with the slight exception of rounders in the summer, was just not part of the playground culture. I was always the only girl playing football with the boys at break time.
Granted, I grew up in a village and went to a tiny school, and a lot has changed since then, but the point I'm trying to make is that in this environment I grew up constantly measuring myself against male standards. I became understandably defensive, having to always defend my right to play, my right to be respected on the pitch. It was something a boy never had to earn before touching the ball; it was already granted.
The boys' respect for me rested on my ability to compete with them. I was unduly elevated above the others girls who dared not do so. However, that never meant that these girls weren't capable of competing, but only that they didn't feel welcome to try.
Therefore it was hard for me to feel a sense of achievement if I was not achieving what the boys were. And I now recognise that this contributed to my embarrassing attitude as a GB junior.
After playing Ultimate for only six months, I was lucky enough to be selected for the GBU20 Women's team heading to Vancouver. As were three of my 'Kent comrades', who were chosen for the Open team! But, although it was never their intention, I definitely felt belittled by the gruelling trials that the boys went through in comparison to mine. I felt they were being pushed much harder than the girls were. They knew it, I knew it, and although no one said it, I was thus implicitly the inferior member.
This embarrassed me. And as a result I very immaturely took it out on my team. Instead of respecting the skills that we did have, the connections we had fostered, the progress we'd made, I saw only the negatives; because we weren't doing fartleks or putting athletic bidders on a pedestal, I thought we were underperforming on the international stage. This is not to say that women shouldn't be pushing themselves in any ways they want, but they shouldn't feel like they have to behave a certain way just because men are in order to see themselves as equals. I couldn't see beyond my own warped criteria for what made a great female player, and more importantly, teammate.
I really did have good intentions, but whilst some of the girls did respond well to my demands, it also alienated a lot of my teammates. Dare I say, the majority of my U20 women teammates. My expectation that the team should 'man up' was in fact the problem. I was simply perpetuating the toxic culture of my own childhood playground. I was in no way being an ally to my fellow women, I was trying to rise above them and play like the men. I was imitating the boys' style of aggression. It was a style that demoralised my team, rather than motivating them. And some were quite rightly then made to feel angry that I was not giving due credit to their sincere and worthwhile efforts.
Photo by Sam Mouat.
I have only just recently reflected on why I was like this, after a remark this week that was made to me during my first lesson with a women's-only BMX class. And I now I realise the importance of addessing the reasons for it.
At this BMX class, one of the other women ridiculed the track's lack of equality for not offering a male-only session as well. It was hard to swallow my giggle as she pitied the men too intimidated to show up to the 'open' sessions for fear of being shown up by talented 10-year-olds. In my mind, equally comparing the intimidation women feel from men to that that men feel from children… I don't think is a fair or accurate one, for a start. Secondly, she was clearly only measuring her levels of intimidation against another man, which, as a married, middle class, white women, would potentially be far less than a black, queer woman.
By directly comparing these two examples she was implicitly suggesting that women are not deserving of the equity the track is trying to provide by offering 'women's-only sessions'. I'm sure it was not this woman's intention and I'm sure she would call herself a feminist. But to me, she wasn't coming across as an ally. She was struggling to recognise that feminism had worked for her, and that quite frankly, some (because I'm sure it's not many!) men should put up with getting schooled by the kids as we get it right for the rest of the sisterhood.
So I feel that when it comes to Ultimate, we should be making sure that we are not having to behave and organise exactly like men to prove our worth. Now is not the time. And while we still have a lot of ground to make up, it should never be the time. There are differences that serve in no-ones interest to ignore in an attempt to offer simple solutions to a nuanced issue. And as our wonderful community seeks to make concerted efforts towards making Ultimate a level playing field regardless of gender, we need to breed a culture where women are never made to feel ashamed of their differences to men.
If Ultimate can make that safe space that women deserve, it will only draw more and more women into the game faster. This will in turn increase the depth of talent and the value of women's play will only become more and more self evident to both themselves and everyone around them. That way, we will ensure that we won't be repeating the mistakes of the past, and that there will never only be one girl in the village playing Ultimate.
Featured photo by Sam Mouat.
March 8, 2018 showgameblog Leave a comment
Women's Indoor All-Irelands: Familiar foes meet again
Indoors, Ireland, Irish Ultimate, Rebel Ultimate, Womens
Aidan Kelly was there for the first standalone Women's Indoor Nationals in Ireland recently, and he tells us what went on.
Dublin played host to the first ever standalone Women's Indoor All-Irelands, packed within the iconic walls of Trinity College Dublin. Historically, the competition has usually taken place alongside the Men's division, but now due to a typically high demand between the two divisions and few suitable venues that can feasibly contain so much high-octane, fast paced Frisbee, a decision was made to split the events by division.
Eleven teams from seven different clubs played across a single day in order to crown the winners and, for most, it was hard to see anything other than a Rebel vs Gravity final, which is typically the decider for most of our domestic Women's competitions. In fact, other than last year at the same event, where Rebel dominated with two of their own teams playing in the gold medal game, Rebel and Gravity have squared off in pretty much every final across the country they've competed at since 2015. And, with the Cork ladies and the hometown heroines kept apart in the initial pools, it would seem likely that the two would be destined to meet in the final once again this time round.
With that said, you would be slightly ignorant to completely disregard the other challengers for the crown. Tribe, hailing from out west, were known to be a thorn in the side to most teams, as the perennial dark horses were known for being a formidable and tight knit unit, containing many players from the National University of Ireland Galway. Trinity College themselves, fresh off winning Women's Indoor Intervarsities, had also thrown themselves into the ring with the idea of testing themselves at a bigger stage. It would have also been possible for history to repeat itself in some form as we could have seen one of the 'big two' fall to the other's second team, as they both have proved historically to contain a wonderful amount of depth!
BOLT posing as a team. Photo by Conor Phelan.
However, the biggest potential usurper to the throne was quickly revealed to be BOLT, a team mostly made up of former/current University of Limerick players with a wealth of international experience. Having breezed through their first four group games with a goal difference of +56, heads were well and truly turned in the lead up to the pool decider with Rebel. From up in the viewing gallery, there were more than a few mumbles from supporters and players alike who believed that they could have the Champions' number, and for awhile they just may have. In an early afternoon epic, Rebel edged out a universe point encounter by the skin of their teeth (11-10), to ensure they avoided their long-term rivals in the semis.
In the other end of the draw, Dublin Gravity made it through the group with little challenge as they bested a trio of second teams in the form of Rebel 2 (revenge!), Gravity 2 and Tribe 2 before flexing their bottle against the potential banana skin of Tribe's first team. Despite the Galway girls managing to put home as many points as the three teams before them combined (six), Gravity were just much too strong and experienced for them and topped the group comfortably.
As the semis rolled around, we saw a reversal of the final group fixtures. BOLT would now have to face Gravity in a clash of the elements, while a clash between Galway and Cork would ensue in the form of Tribe and Rebel. In the end, the two more experienced favourites avoided any shocks despite valiant efforts from BOLT and Tribe, who provided tough competition throughout. Once again, Rebel vs Gravity was booked for the grand finale.
On paper, leading into the match one would have seen Gravity as slight favourites. Rebel were missing a number of their leading stars, while the Dubliners were on fire by the end of their semi and looked almost unstoppable. But, never the ones to shy away from a fight, it was the Munster women who started off the stronger. Going ahead early and following it up with a quick break, Rebel worked hard, refusing to easily allow the disc to be given away in order to maintain their lead as they matched and possibly even surpassed Gravity's intensity with relative ease.
Pushed from the front by captain Emma Healy, who looked to inspire those round her with some insanely safe hands and inch perfect hammers, Rebel found themselves 5-4 up, but there was still a long way to go in the game. And from here, Gravity somehow found another gear as they slotted home their O and followed it up with two quick breaks out of nowhere to flip the game on its head. Suddenly it was 6-5 to Gravity, and Rebel had been completely sucker punched.
Indoors is a crazy game. In these tight games you can be on top and time would slow down to almost a complete halt. But when you're losing, everything speeds up to the extent where you really need to show composure to avoid it getting the better of you. After another turn Rebel attempted to stop the rot by switching up their defence. With a passive endzone flood, they looked to force Gravity to pass it across their front endzone for what felt like 500 passes in the hopes of tiring out the offensive team and giving them a chance at potentially capitalising on any errors. But with the composure, wit and skill on display thanks to Gravity's stars, such as Jane Linehan and Fiona Mernagh and punctuated by the unpredictable yet seemingly effortless nature of Ireland's best talent (and eventual MVP of the final) Áine Gilheany, even a cohesive unit such as Rebel couldn't contain what was to come, as they found their way through the defensive structure.
MVP of the final Aine Gilheany on the disc. Photo by Conor Phelan.
Rebel couldn't get their break, and at this stage they needed several if they were to come back and break Gravity hearts. With time ticking away, both teams displayed wonderful offensive prowess which saw a number of points flow by without a single turn, and as they game died out, Gravity punched home the decisive final score to win their second Indoor All-Ireland title in three years, 14-9.
Overall, a successful event ran wonderfully by Dublin Women's Ultimate. It was great to showcase the Women's Division in Ireland and it was positive to see a number of different clubs putting out performances. It'll be interesting to see how the rest of the 2018 season pans out, and if one thing is for sure, we can see Rebel regrouping and ready to try take back the top spot in Ireland. But will they be alone in striving to unseat Gravity?
Main photo also by Conor Phelan.
February 19, 2018 February 19, 2018 Sean Colfer Leave a comment
UK University Ultimate 2017/18: Women's Indoor Nationals Preview
This year, University Women's Indoor Nationals will be held in far distant Glasgow. Though extensive coverage will be taking place on the weekend itself, here is a sneak peek of what might go down on the fields of Ravenscraig this weekend.
Teams competing: Hertfordshire, Imperial, KCL, Oxford, UCL
The East region teams have to make a very long trek to Glasgow, but they will be bringing their a-game against any team who thinks that the distance puts them at a disadvantage. Hertfordshire, Imperial, KCL, Oxford and UCL (who qualified in that order) are all formidable teams with their own strengths and may be aiming to bring home some silverware, especially since last year's National Champs Chichester didn't even field a team for Regionals this year.
With a dominant showing by their women at Mixed Indoor Nationals, I'll put my bets on Hertfordshire finishing the highest of the East region teams, with the highest possibility of making the top three. Their women are tall, athletic, physical, and willing to put their body on the line for any disc. Keep an eye out for Ola Kulikowska (Uprising) and Cat Gale (GB U17 & U20 Coach) in particular.
February 2, 20 | 5,372 |
Forehill Primary Youth Club is open<|fim_middle|> and believe in offering the best possible service to the young people of our local community. | to children of primary school age and operates on Monday evenings within Forehill Primary school (during school term time).
Our aim is to provide a fun, safe and stimulating club, where children can be themselves, amongst peers, gain confidence and enjoy new activities.
Each Child will have the opportunity to explore new challenges in a variety of areas including games, sports, arts and crafts and much more!
There are a wide range of activities offered to the children on a weekly basis. We have games tables, sports equipment, board games, a wide selection of arts and crafts as well as the very popular games consoles etc. We also provide taster sessions from outside groups and agencies. We have a variety of sporting events and other exciting information sessions which the Children find interesting and are fabulous learning experiences.
Forehill youth club is run by a committee of volunteers who are also Parents of some of the children who attend. Each helper has an up to date PVG check from Disclosure Scotland. The team do their utmost to provide the best opportunities for all of the children who attend. We are a constituted group | 217 |
10.1162/2e3983f5.26c123a9
Review 1: "Covid-19 Vaccination and Menstrual Cycle Length in the Apple Women's Health Study"
Reviewers found this study to be potentially informative to reliable, with one reviewer suggesting clearer justifications of the analytic methods.
by Blair Darney
Covid-19 vaccination and menstrual cycle length in the Apple Women's Health Study
by Elizabeth A. Gibson, Huichu Li, Victoria Fruh, Malaika Gabra, Gowtham Asokan, Anne Marie Z. Jukic, Donna D. Baird, Christine L Curry, Tyler Fischer-Colbrie, Jukka-Pekka Onnela, Michelle A. Williams, Russ Hauser, Brent A. Coull, and Shruthi Mahalingaiah
AbstractBackgroundCOVID-19 vaccination may be associated with change in menstrual cycle length following vaccination.MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal analysis within a subgroup of 14,915 participants in the Apple Women's Health Study (AWHS) who enrolled between November 2019 and December 2021 and met the following eligibility criteria: were<|fim_middle|>39 days, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.67) of mRNA vaccines compared with pre-vaccination cycles. Cycles in which the single dose of J&J was administered were, on average, 1.26 days longer (95% CI: 0.45, 2.07) than pre-vaccination cycles. Post-vaccination cycles returned to average pre-vaccination length. Estimates for pre vs post cycle lengths were 0.14 days (95% CI: −0.13, 0.40) in the first cycle following vaccination, 0.13 days (95% CI: −0.14, 0.40) in the second, −0.17 days (95% CI: −0.43, 0.10) in the third, and −0.25 days (95% CI: −0.52, 0.01) in the fourth cycle post-vaccination. Follicular phase vaccination was associated with an increase in MCL in cycles in which participants received the first dose (0.97 days, 95% CI: 0.53, 1.42) or the second dose (1.43 days, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.80) of mRNA vaccines or the J&J dose (2.27 days, 95% CI: 1.04, 3.50), compared with pre-vaccination cycles.ConclusionsCOVID-19 vaccination was associated with an immediate short-term increase in menstrual cycle length overall, which appeared to be driven by doses received in the follicular phase. However, the magnitude of this increase was small and diminished in each cycle following vaccination. No association with cycle length persisted over time. The magnitude of change associated with vaccination was well within the natural variability in the study population. Menstrual cycle change following COVID-19 vaccination appears small and temporary and should not discourage individuals from becoming vaccinated.
Does the manuscript confirm previous work or refute the current understanding? Findings largely confirm previous work.
How well does the manuscript position the work within the current literature/understanding? This manuscript needs work prior to publishing. Authors need to justify their analytic approach. Please explain why conditional linear regression, which is not a standard approach, is the appropriate analysis. Why is the vaccinated comparison group not included in the main analysis? This weakens the analysis – having a comparison group is a strength of the data. Presenting probabilities of outcomes would be more useful than ORs. Revise Table titles so they can stand alone – make clear what comparisons are and include model Ns. Remove Cycle Ns from Table 1 – unit of analysis is the woman/individual. Clarify/expand on the data – what is included and how is it structured, logged by participants, etc. Error on in Bonferroni adjustment calculation (not 99.99)
Is there clarity regarding the recommended actions that result from the findings? The methods section is very long yet quite confusing and I had many questions after reading it.
Do authors pay attention to ethics, diversity, and inclusion? I'm not sure I buy the Authors claim that they have a very diverse sample. Why are race/ethnic categories White/Latina/other?
Another Supplement to Reviews of "Covid-19 Vaccination and Menstrual Cycle Length in the Apple Women's Health Study"
by Jacqueline Maybin
by Thomas P Bouchard | living in the U.S., met minimum age requirements for consent, were English speaking, actively tracked their menstrual cycles, and responded to the COVID-19 Vaccine Update survey. In the main analysis, we included tracked cycles recorded when premenopausal participants were not pregnant, lactating, or using hormonal contraceptives. We used conditional linear regression and multivariable linear mixed-effects models with random intercepts to estimate the covariate-adjusted difference in mean cycle length, measured in days, between pre-vaccination cycles, cycles in which a vaccine was administered, and post-vaccination cycles within vaccinated participants, and between vaccinated and unvaccinated participants. We further compared associations between vaccination and menstrual cycle length by the timing of vaccine dose within a menstrual cycle (i.e., in follicular or luteal phase). We present Bonferroni-adjusted 95% confidence intervals to account for multiple comparisons.ResultsA total of 128,094 cycles (median = 10 cycles per participant; interquartile range: 4-22) from 9,652 participants (8,486 vaccinated; 1,166 unvaccinated) were included. The average within-individual standard deviation in cycle length was 4.2 days. Fifty-five percent of vaccinated participants received Pfizer-BioNTech's mRNA vaccine, 37% received Moderna's mRNA vaccine, and 7% received the Johnson & Johnson/Janssen vaccine (J&J). We found no evidence of a difference between mean menstrual cycle length in the unvaccinated and vaccinated participants prior to vaccination (0.24 days, 95% CI: −0.34, 0.82).Among vaccinated participants, COVID-19 vaccination was associated with a small increase in mean cycle length (MCL) for cycles in which participants received the first dose (0.50 days, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.78) and cycles in which participants received the second dose (0. | 431 |
Last week,<|fim_middle|> | the New Orleans Track Club posed a question on its Facebook page asking followers what types of technology have helped them "advance and stay motivated" during their training. It's a great question that shows how digital applications can enhance a sport that used to be as simple as lacing up a pair of shoes and walking outside.
Coincidentally, days before this question was posted, my Garmin Forerunner 410 decided to start giving me issues. The little GPS enabled computer that I wear on my wrist for every run no longer held a charge and eventually died completely. After four years and countless miles, the device had called it quits. However, Garmin came to the rescue and had me send my device back and is replacing it with a refurbished model.
I've been watching the shipment tracker daily waiting to see when my new-to-me watch will arrive, as my training hasn't quite been where I want it to be over the past couple weeks. Being able to keep track of my miles, know my pace, and set goals to improve my performance are all made possible by my GPS watch. I would highly recommend the investment for anyone considering a training plan, and the customer service provided by Garmin makes me even more partial to their brand.
When it comes to other technology for training, my sentiments can be summed up perfectly by today's TUNESday selection. "I Want It All" by Karmin is available now on iTunes HERE, and you can watch the music video below.
I LOVE my Garmin. Moved on from the 310 to the 910XT last year and love it. Rarely run without it.
I've been so lost without mine the past several weeks. Even when racing and having mile markers to give me splits, I had no way to figure out pacing. I literally just got notification that my replacement has been delivered, and I'm heading out tonight to use it! | 385 |
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Update: Benchmarking Boiler Tube Failures
Boiler tube failures continue to be the leading cause of downtime for steam power plants. Is your boiler tube failure reduction program showing improvement when compared to programs at peer plants? The EUCG's recent update of its boiler tube failure study can help you answer that question. The full study is available only to members, but this POWER exclusive presents many of the key results, which could help you improve the operation of your plant.
The call often comes on a weekend or in the middle of the night and goes something like this: "Hello, this is the Operations Shift Supervisor from the plant calling. I hate to tell you this, but I think we have a tube leak on the unit…. Yes, it's blowing pretty good…. No, I don't think we can hang on until the weekend or even tomorrow; we're starting to come off-line now…. OK, see you in a few hours."
The bad news hasn't changed: Boiler tube failures are still the leading cause of forced outages in coal-fired boilers.
Those who work in power plants understand that boiler tube leaks can ruin a weekend or holiday for the plant staff. Your unit can be running along at full load, seemingly problem-free, and then an operator making a round hears the telltale roaring noise, or sees water in an economizer hopper.
Once the decision has been made to take a forced outage, the unit is taken off-line, and we wait for the furnace to cool before workers can enter. What usually follows are workers finding the leak(s), erecting scaffolding, making the boiler tube repair, inspecting the repair, and performing a hydro before the unit can return to service several days later. Sometimes we piggyback a furnace cleaning when the unit is off-line. The operation and maintenance (O&M) costs plus lost power costs can easily reach a million dollars a day.
The bad news hasn't changed: Boiler tube failures are still the leading cause of forced outages in coal-fired boilers. The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) agrees with that assessment in its Boiler Tube Failure Reduction/Cycle Chemistry improvement program description: "Boiler tube failures have been the number one availability problem for utilities with fossil plants for as long as reliable statistics have been kept in individual utilities and by nations."
The good news is that, despite aging boilers, boiler tube failures are not occurring more frequently in general, and for some categories of boilers, they have actually decreased in frequency over recent years. Lessons learned from EUCG benchmarking studies may well be part of the reason for this improvement.
Benchmark Your Leaks
In a two-part series in 2005, POWER reported on a 2004 EUCG benchmarking survey on boiler tube failures (see box). That article reviewed the frequency and duration of boiler tube leak outages across a range of unit sizes and furnace designs.
The EUCG: Fostering Industry Excellence
The EUCG is an association of electric utility professionals that provides a forum in which utilities can improve their operation and maintenance practices and construction performance. Now in its 24th year, the EUCG holds technical conferences and workshops twice yearly for the purpose of information exchange. The organization (formerly known as the Electric<|fim_middle|>4 units; 39 units were less than 34 years old (25th percentile) and 35 units (75th percentile) were more than 54 years old. Source: EUCG
Looking at units that fared best — with four or fewer tube leaks per year over the study time frame — 83% of the oldest units met that mark, whereas only 64% of the younger units did so. One possible explanation for this result is that the older units that are still operating may have had tube panel or section replacements for areas of the boiler with high failure rates, whereas the younger units are just approaching the time when those panel or section replacements may be necessary. Perhaps the boiler design margins, predating the use of modern computerized design tools, were more robust.
The older units also seem to be experiencing fewer leaks over time in recent years, presumably due to improved boiler tube failure reduction (BTFR) practices. In 2006, 77% of units had four or fewer tube leaks per year; that number jumped to 89% in 2008.
Although more units that are 300 MW and smaller reported zero leaks than did the cohort of units larger than 300 MW, it's important to understand that nearly twice as many small units participated in the survey as did large ones (Figure 2). The lower capacity factors reported for the smaller units may indicate that this size class of plant is cycled more often than the larger, baseloaded plants.
2. Number of leaks. Although this chart shows more leaks for smaller than for larger units, it's important to know that there were more small units in the survey. The total sample size was 164 units; 62 units were greater than 300 MW in capacity. Source: EUCG
The area of the boiler most plagued by tube leaks continues to be the waterwalls, followed by the convection and pendant superheat sections (Figure 3). In addition to leak location, the data were analyzed to determine the most likely mechanisms causing the tube leaks. The answer: fly ash and sootblower erosion are the two most likely causes for failures. Fatigue failures and welding flaws were also significant failure modes (Figure 4).
3. Location, location, location. Survey respondents reported the locations where most of their boiler tube leaks occurred. The data show the number of units for which a particular problem was rated either the first-, second-, third-, or fourth-leading cause of leaks. For example, for more than 70 units, waterwall leaks were the most frequent source of leaks, and for just under 40 units, waterwall leaks were the second-most-frequent source of leaks. Source: EUCG
4. Why tubes leak. This chart reflects data reported from 164 units. The survey asked respondents to identify the top four failure mechanisms for each unit, with 1st representing the failure mechanism with the greatest number of incidents. On the chart, the bars indicate the number of units that identified that failure mechanism as first through fourth in tube leak frequency. For example, 22 units indicated that the most tube leaks occurred due to fly ash erosion; 20 units said that fly ash erosion caused the second-highest number of leaks; and so on. Source: EUCG
Good O&M Lowers Leak Numbers
Most of the sub-groupings of units showed either steady performance or improvement in minimizing tube leaks over the three-year span of this study. The reasons for this performance can be inferred from some of the practices that surveyed utilities employ to prevent boiler tube failures.
Most, 79%, have a formal BTFR program in place, and 67% responded that they use some sort of outside tools to track and plan a strategy to prevent tube failures. Tools used include Aware (ATI), UDC Tracker, and EPRI Boiler Workstation.
Control of water chemistry also appears to have played a role in minimizing tube leaks, with 90% of the units reporting that their water treatment histories were either good or had predominantly nonsevere variances. (The more-detailed report received by participating utilities includes more data on specific boiler and feedwater chemical treatment programs and chemical cleaning criteria.)
In addition to preventing boiler tube failures, tight control of water chemistry parameters can improve heat transfer and, therefore, unit heat rate. Even with good control, however, boiler tube internal chemical cleanings are sometimes necessary in the life of a boiler. Roughly two-thirds of utilities, 62%, determine the need for cleaning by sampling tubes and measuring the deposit density on the tubes' internal surface, 23% clean at a fixed time interval, and the remainder clean based on both factors or when budget is available. For those that clean at a fixed interval, the most frequent intervals named were three years or five years, most likely coinciding with boiler outages.
Outage managers know that chemical cleanings are costly and come with other risks. However, by removing deposits that can cause tube metal overheating and under-deposit corrosion, chemical cleanings can help minimize the incidents of future boiler tube leaks.
Tube Repair Options
When tube leaks do happen, a new section of tube, called a dutchman, replacing a section of failed tube is often the repair of choice, although it can take longer than other methods, and access to the failed area is sometimes problematic. Some areas of some boilers can only be accessed by openings so small that only a few, very thin welders can access the areas. In other areas, welders have to cut through nonfailed tubes to get to the failed ones and then weld repair both the failed and cut tubes.
Even if the area can be accessed, welding often must be done in awkward spots, requiring great skill and concentration to make a successful weld. Window welds sometimes allow a tube leak to be accessed from the exterior of the boiler, minimizing scaffolding time and cost, but they are a more technically difficult weld to perform and are more prone to failure. For those reasons, utilities responding to the survey are almost evenly split on whether they allow window welds as an accepted repair practice: 51% do; 49% do not.
Pad welds, on the other hand, are usually a faster repair than either dutchman or window welds, but they are prone to future failure and are often considered a temporary repair until they are replaced during a future outage. Ninety percent of the survey respondents allow pad welds as part of their repair programs, while 10% do not.
Outage Planning
Perhaps the most difficult decision of all is selecting the best time to make boiler tube repairs. The decision must balance the importance of making expeditious repairs with the costs of bringing a unit off-line for several days.
As shown in Figure 5, in the majority of cases, plant leaders will wait until the following weekend to take a unit with a boiler tube leak off for repair, because weekend power prices are generally lower than weekday prices. Although this strategy minimizes replacement power costs, waiting can increase the probability of secondary tube damage, so some utilities take a unit off-line when a tube leak increases in flow rate; others prefer to take an affected unit off-line immediately.
5. Wait for the right time. Survey respondents favor waiting for the next weekend to remove a boiler from service to repair a boiler tube leak. Source: EUCG
Finally, the survey looked at the frequency and duration of planned boiler outages. The survey data were parsed into major boiler outages and short boiler outages. For major outages, the most frequently selected interval was every two years (37% of respondents), followed by every three years (24%) and intervals of four or more years (21%). For short boiler outages, the majority (59%) perform outages every year (Figure 6).
6. Down for repairs. Survey respondents indicated the frequency with which their units dealt with longer and shorter planned outages. Source: EUCG
The duration of an outage is often determined by a number of factors, including the scope of repairs, and the scope is sometimes influenced by the interval between outages. When major boiler outages are performed every two to three years, the predominant duration for the outage is 30 to 39 days.
Well-planned and -executed outages are just one contributor to reducing the number of unplanned outages caused by boiler tube leaks. Other factors noted by this study include organized BTFR programs, cycle chemistry improvement programs, and attention to weld-repair quality.
Daryl Von Behren of Kansas City Power & Light, one of the authors of the EUCG BTFR study, noted that best-practice companies strictly adhere to their BTFR programs. Two common components of a successful program are the identification and elimination of root causes and the replacement of damaged tubing through an aggressive boiler pressure part replacement strategy.
By adopting these programs and methods, some utilities have reduced the frequency of those dreaded phone calls from plant operating personnel reporting tube leaks, as well as the cost of maintaining boilers.
Special thanks to Jim Patrick, former EUCG Fossil Productivity Committee president.
—Sharon Pfeuffer (pfeuffers@dteenergy.com) is plant director for DTE Energy's River Rouge, Trenton Channel, and Conners Creek Power Plants, Peakers Fleet, and Shops as well as a participant in and contributor to EUCG Fossil Productivity Committee workshops.
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SaskPower's Boundary Dam Carbon Capture Project Wins POWER's Highest Award | Utility Cost Group) is organized into committees and working groups by interest area, such as fossil, nuclear, and hydroelectric plants; transmission and distribution; financial management; safety; and IT.
One of the EUCG's key activities is developing process and market benchmarks, unit reliability strategies, and best-practice applications to foster performance and cost excellence within the utility industry and competitive markets.
The EUCG's Fossil Productivity Committee has 32 electric utility members from the U.S. reporting operating data on more than 300 individual coal-fired units. That number represents more than 30% of operating coal plants in the U.S. The committee also includes members from six other countries.
For more information about the EUCG, contact Pat Kovalesky, executive director, at 623-572-4140 or visit www.eucg.org.
In the Spring 2009 EUCG Fossil Productivity Committee workshop, that survey was updated by authors Daryl Von Behren of Kansas City Power & Light and Dave Cook of Constellation, with data compilation by Joyce Cook Jackson of Cook-Jackson Inc. This most recent survey focused on data from the years 2006 through 2008.
Seventeen utilities participated, representing 167 units. Those units ranged in size from very small (8 MW) to very large (1,264 MW), with a median of 205 MW. By age they ranged from two to 68 years old, with a median of 48 years. Boilers in this survey group were mostly of wall-fired design (46%) or were tangential-fired (41%); 10% had cyclone furnaces, and 3% were fluidized bed or other. The original boiler equipment manufacturers represented in this survey were dominated by Babcock & Wilcox and Alstom/CE. Only 12% of the units were supercritical; the remaining were of the more conventional subcritical steam pressure design.
Despite the age of these units, their capacity factors remain fairly high. For smaller units, 300 MW or less (100 units), the 2008 data show that 66% of these units have 70% or higher capacity factors. For units over 300 MW (53 units), 79% reported a 70% or higher capacity factor. In the earlier survey, the 2003 data showed that 71% of units over 300 MW reported capacity factors greater that 70% and only 56% of units less than 300 MW reported that their capacity factor for the year exceeded 70%. The most recent benchmarking study seems to reflect the fact that smaller coal-fired plants tend to operate more frequently these days and that larger plants continue to improve their reliability, regardless of age.
One factor that doesn't seem to change over time is that the boiler design of the unit plays a significant role in the number of tube leaks experienced (Table 1). Wall-fired units fared the best, with an average of 7.1 tube leaks per year. Tangential design units performed slightly worse over the study's time frame, with an average of 7.8 tube leaks per year; however, the average for this class was 8.7, driven by 24% of the units experiencing a high number of tube leaks — greater than 10 leaks per year. Cyclone boilers had varied performance, with an average of 18.5 tube leaks, and 24% of these units were plagued with more than 30 tube leaks per year.
Table 1. Survey respondents' average tube leaks by boiler design type. Data are averaged over the period 2006 through 2008. Source: EUCG
Which Units Leak the Most, and Where
It's well known that the North American coal fleet is aging, and with advancing years come maintenance challenges. It's surprising, therefore, that the data in this study seem to indicate that the oldest units, those more than 54 years old, have a distinct edge over their younger counterparts — those less than 34 years old — when it comes to boiler tube leaks (Figure 1).
1. Young and stressed. Close examination of data from the oldest and youngest units in the survey sample reveals a perhaps surprising finding: Although older and younger units had somewhat similar numbers of leaks when you consider low incidents of leaks (fewer than six per year), when you look at the worst-performing units—those with the highest number of leaks (more than six)—older plants fared noticeably better, especially in the most recent survey year. The total sample size was 16 | 994 |
SITUATED on a quiet close not far from MARSTON GREEN VILLAGE<|fim_middle|> communal garden to the rear of the property accessed by the communal hallway. | / TRAIN STATION & OTHER TRANSPORT LINKS.
DO NOT MISS THIS RARE OPPORTUNITY - CALL TODAY!
The property is situated on the 1st floor and is accessed though a communal corridor and stairwell.
With a radiator leading to the lounge, kitchen, bedroom and bathroom.
Good size living area, ceiling point, carpet, central heating radiator, 2 double glazed windows- one over looking the communal garden to the rear of the property and the other to the front of the property.
Fitted kitchen base and wall units incorporating built in oven and hob. Single sink and drainer with mixer tap, central heating radiator, space for fridge and washing machine and double glazed window overlooking the garden. Storage cupboard with boiler.
Good size bedroom with ceiling point, laminate flooring and central heating radiator, 2 double glazed windows to the front of the property.
White bathroom suite comprising of bath with over head shower fitment, hand basin and low level WC. Ceramic wall tiles to wall and floor and central heating radiator.
A | 206 |
Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL)
A searchable digital library of Christian texts in English translation, drawn from out- of-copyright editions. Texts are readable online, or downloadable as an ePUB, .pdf, or .txt. Each text also includes a brief summary and information about the author and edition. Searchable by title, author, scriptural passages, etc.., but not by date or period.
An searchable image database of selections from medieval and Renaissance manuscripts that unites scattered<|fim_middle|> quality, and do not always represent the best or most modern translation. | resources from many institutions into an international tool for teaching and scholarly research.
Internet Medieval History Sourcebook
The Internet Medieval Sourcebook is useful primarily as a source for short extracts, derived from public domain sources or copy-permitted translations, to be used for teaching (particularly for medieval survey courses). Also included are some complete documents, notably saints' lives, or links to the full documents. The editor states that the early aim was to include a wide range of texts which address elite governmental, legal, religious and economic concerns. The resources now also include a large selection of texts on women's and gender history, Islamic and Byzantine history, Jewish history, and social history. The texts, again according to the editor's own statement, vary in | 148 |
The department has formed a very distinguished advisory board, which includes Alex Aiken (Stanford), Keval Desai (InterWest Partners), David Dobkin (Princeton), Jeanne Ferrante (UCSD), Zvi Galil (Georgia Tech), Andy van Dam (Brown), and Klaus Schauser (AppFolio, Board Chair).
Alex Aiken, Stanford University
Professor Aiken is the Alcatel-Lucent Professor in Communications and Networking, and the current Tencent Chair of the Computer Science Department at Stanford. Before joining the Stanford faculty in 2003, he was a Research Staff Member at the IBM Almaden Research Center (1988-1993) and a Professor in the EECS department<|fim_middle|>, robotic telescope optimized for time domain astrophysics. He also sits on the LCOGT Board. | at UC Berkeley.
Keval Desai, InterWest Partners
Mr. Desai is an angel investor (digital media, consumer Internet and mobile companies) and former Director of Product Management at Google who joined InterWest's IT team in 2011. He is a member of the Dean's Advisory Board at UC Berkeley's Haas School of Business, and also sits on the Board for the Lester Center for Entrepreneurship at UC Berkeley.
David Dobkin, Princeton University
Professor Dobkin served as dean of the faculty at Princeton University from 2003 to 2014. He joined the Princeton as a Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science in 1981, became a Professor of Computer Science when the department was formed in 1985, and served as Chair of the department from 1994 to 2003.
Zvi Galil, Georgia Institute of Technology
Professor Galil has served as Dean of Georgia Tech's College of Computing since 2010. Earlier, he was President of Tel Aviv University from 2007-2009.
Andy van Dam, Brown University
Professor Van Dam has been on Brown's faculty since 1965, and was one of the department's co-founders and its first Chairman. He served as Brown's first Vice President for Research from 2002-2006.
Klaus Schauser, AppFolio, Inc.
Dr. Schauser is AppFolio's Chief Strategist and company co-founder. Earlier, he co-founded Expertcity, Inc. which later became Citrix Online when acquired by Citrix Systems, Inc. As a former UC Santa Barbara Professor of Computer Science, he is a widely published research scientist. Dr. Schauser is Chair of the Advisory Board.
Past Advisory Board members:
Jeanne Ferrante, University of California, San Diego
Professor Ferrante is currently Professor of Computer Science, Associate Dean in the Jacobs School of Engineering, and Associate Vice Chancellor for Faculty Equity at the UC San Diego. She joined UCSD in 1994, and served as Computer Science and Engineering Department Chair from 1996-1999.
Wayne Rosing, Las Cumbre Observatory Global Telescopes (LCOGT)
Mr. Rosing is the Founder & Chief Technologist of Las Cumbre Observatory Global Telescopes, a private non-profit launched in 2005 that operates a global | 512 |
vu. June 8, 2007
No Trust Fund Required in Bed-Stuy
Townhouse types searching for the Holy Grail — anything with period details intact for less than a million — long ago crossed Harlem off their list. In many parts of Brooklyn, like Park Slope and Brooklyn Heights, they're virtually extinct. Fortunately, there's still Bed-Stuy, where row upon row of brownstone beauties still exist, many still decently priced (i.e., not requiring trust funds). Decades ago, this neighborhood, the former<|fim_middle|>:30 p.m.
vu. | stomping grounds of Chris Rock, Jay-Z, and Richie Havens, was blighted by violent crime, poverty, and drugs. Like everywhere else in the borough, gentrification swept through, driving some old-timers away. But many locals remained, working to keep interloping developers and their condo fever at bay and pledging to retain Bed-Stuy's architectural magnificence and cultural diversity. (Landmarking saved swaths of homes from the wrecking ball.) See for yourself at this weekend's open houses, listed after the jump. —S. Jhoanna Robledo
385 Lewis Ave., nr. Macdonough St.
Saturday, 2 p.m.–3:30 p.m.
263 Bainbridge St., nr. Patchen Ave.
Saturday, noon–1:30 p.m.
293 Tompkins Ave., nr. Lexington Ave.
Sunday, 2:30 p.m.–4 p.m.
583 Bainbridge St., nr. Hopkinson Ave.
Sunday, 2 p.m.–3 | 220 |
Soil moisture is difficult to define because it means different things in different disciplines. For example, a farmers concept of soil moisture is different from that of a water resource manager or a weather forecaster. Generally, however, soil moisture is the water that is held in the spaces between soil particles. Surface soil moisture is the water that is in the upper 10 cm of soil, whereas root zone soil moisture is the water that is available to plants, which is generally considered to be in the upper 200 cm of soil. Compared to other components of the hydrologic cycle, the volume of soil moisture is small, nonetheless<|fim_middle|> management, early warning of droughts, irrigation scheduling, and crop yield forecasting. | , it of fundamental importance to many hydrological, biological and biogeochemical processes. Soil moisture information is valuable to a wide range of government agencies and private companies concerned with weather and climate, runoff potential and flood control, soil erosion and slope failure, reservoir management, geotechnical engineering, and water quality. Soil moisture is a key variable in controlling the exchange of water and heat energy between the land surface and the atmosphere through evaporation and plant transpiration. As a result, soil moisture plays an important role in the development of weather patterns and the production of precipitation. Simulations with numerical weather prediction models have shown that improved characterization of surface soil moisture, vegetation, and temperature can lead to significant forecast improvements. Soil moisture also strongly affects the amount of precipitation that runs off into nearby streams and rivers. Large-scale dry or wet surface regions have been observed to impart positive feedback on subsequent precipitation patterns. Soil moisture information can be used for reservoir | 188 |
Thank you for<|fim_middle|> on the blog! | having me on your blog today, Anne!
You're welcome Thank you for agreeing to it!
Yay, Amanda! I do love how she continually promotes community and interaction. She's awesome!
She IS awesome And I thought more people should know that, hence the interview.
Having just finished Beauty Queens, this does not necessarily sound like the most fun ever 😛 I vote we have a collective "resort island" for book bloggers that we have on time-share or something!
Love your advice to other bloggers — reach out and interact! Sometimes it's easy to feel intimidated by other bloggers who have been doing it for a much longer time — they were once newbies, too!
Must check out Thea Harrison!
Yes! I think it's important to remember that established bloggers are human, too. 😉 And if they have a lot of followers (especially on Twitter), taking the time to reach out to them and interact goes a long way toward establishing a relationship with them.
It was great to learn some more about Amanda. I recently starting following her blog a few months ago and I'm sure she is really tired of hearing from me but she is awesome!
Happy 2 years | 237 |
Brendan Bevan
Bitter Brew
The Rise and Fall of Anheuser-Busch and America's Kings of Beer
By: William Knoedelseder
Narrated by: Peter Berkrot
The engrossing<|fim_middle|>ary tale of prosperity, hubris, and loss.
Couldn't stop listening...
By Jeremy McGough on 11-09-12
good book for beer lovers
the historic value of the Busch story alone makes it worth reading. good drama throughout as well.
It's Not Rocket Science
By: Ben Miller
Narrated by: Ben Miller
Black holes. DNA. The Large Hadron Collider. Ever had that sneaking feeling that you are missing out on some truly spectacular science? You do? Well fear not, for help is at hand. Ben Miller was working on his Physics PhD at Cambridge when he accidentally became a comedian. But first love runs deep, and he has returned to his roots, to share with you all his favourite bits of science. This is the stuff that you really need to know, not only because it matters, but because it will quite simply amaze and delight you.
By Ingwe on 04-03-13
entertaining, witty, intelligent
it is always nice when a very bright science geek is entertaining as well. word | , often scandalous saga of one of the wealthiest, longest-lasting, and most colorful family dynasties in the history of American commerce—a cautionary tale about prosperity, profligacy, hubris, and the blessings and dark consequences of success. This engrossing, vivid narrative captures the Busch saga through five generations. At the same time, it weaves a broader story of American progress and decline over the past 150 years. It's a caution | 96 |
You are here: Home / Employee Engagement / How to Recruit Top Talent: Be a Winner – Invite Them to Sacrifice.
How to Recruit Top Talent: Be a Winner – Invite Them to Sacrifice.
Marian Hossa a gifted hockey player was signed by the Detroit Red Wings – A winning organization.
The most interesting part about the signing is that Hossa passed up on a lot of money (it could be as high as $12 million over two years) he could make with another hockey club. Instead he joined the Red Wing organization.
I believe Hossa would like to win a Stanley Cup but another part of the Red Wing offer was: sacrifice.
"Success is about sacrifice — sacrificing ice time, sacrificing personal statistics, sacrificing some money," said<|fim_middle|>.
I think a strong sign of employee engagement is when employees are willing to make a sacrifice to work for their organization.
We don't ask them to make a sacrifice, we invite them to be part of a special team and they understand that there will be sacrifices to be part of that team. Now that's engagement!
Of course, the organization must create a culture and a place that people want to join.
Reflection Questions: Do you ever moan that you can afford to get the best talent? Have you thought about sacrifice as part of your recruitment strategy? Are you creating a winning team that people not only want to join but are willing to make a sacrifice to be a part of your team? | Holland. "Success doesn't come easily. Marian, obviously, wants to come here because he thinks we give him the best chance to win the Stanley Cup. He's showing incredible sacrifice — and it goes to his determination and character and how important winning is to him, and playing with other good players | 60 |
PITTSBURGH, June 5, 2014 /PRNewswire/ -- The world is one step closer to more affordable and eco-friendly electric vehicles (EV) thanks to the efforts of ANSYS (NASDAQ: ANSS), General Motors LLC, the Energy Department's (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and ESim, which are working to design better, safer and longer-lasting lithium<|fim_middle|>REL that was presented to GM in 2011.
This activity is part of the DOE EV Everywhere Grand Challenge managed by the DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
Automotive leaders will share other best practices beginning at 8:30 am today during the ANSYS Convergence Conference in Detroit in the Westin Southfield Detroit, in Southfield, Michigan. | -ion EV batteries. The team's efforts have led to the standard inclusion of battery models in the latest release of ANSYS® Fluent® software, which is a significant milestone in advancing EV design efficiency.
Over the last two and half years, the team worked on a DOE-funded project, Computer-Aided Engineering for Electric Drive Vehicle Batteries (CAEBAT), to combine new and existing battery models into engineering simulation software to shorten design cycles and optimize batteries for increased performance, safety and lifespan. The team is modeling thermal management, electrochemistry, ion transport and fluid flow. As a result of the work, a battery model is now standard in ANSYSFluent, a leading computational fluid dynamics solution. This seamless Fluent capability helps battery developers break the time-consuming cycle of design-build-test-break for prototyping and manufacturing.
"The emphasis in the software integration has been to provide a flexible array of modeling choices that can support several categories of battery researchers, cell manufacturers, pack integrators and vehicle manufacturers that deliver fast and accurate results," said Jan Aase, director of vehicle systems research lab at General Motors. "With a concise plan for rapid deployment to the industry, the software solutions created through this project are already helping designers and engineers at GM to accelerate the pace of battery innovation and development for future electric-drive vehicles."
By drawing on a unique approach pioneered at NREL, a DOE national laboratory, collaborators integrated disparate physical battery scales (electrodes, cell, pack and full vehicle) and multiple physical phenomena (electrochemical, thermal, fluid and structural) – factors that have been a key barrier for effective simulation. In addition, the team blended established detailed 3-D field simulation technologies with systems-level simulation. They also extended the reach of the technology by ensuring that these new tools can interact with current and future battery models.
"ANSYS is well known for providing reliable simulation technology to enable sustainable design across a wide range of industries, including automotive," said Sandeep Sovani, director of global automotive industry at ANSYS. "The CAEBAT project has been a great opportunity for ANSYS. We are partnering with other recognized leaders in EV battery technology to develop and deliver powerful modeling tools that can be used by all battery manufacturers to accelerate production of safe, reliable, high-performance and long-lasting EV batteries that make vehicles more fuel-efficient and sustainable."
Throughout the remainder of 2014, the team will refine automation techniques for battery cell and pack-level simulations and continue to validate the models with experiments. Collaborators plan to implement cycle-life and abuse (such as overheating) models. NREL's multi-particle model, with ability to model mixture of active materials with different particle sized, will be incorporated as well. At the pack level, state-of-the-art simulation is further advanced by developing innovative reduced-order models, derived and calibrated from the cell-level models and carefully validated through experiments — all designed to enable a balance between model fidelity and computational cost. These efforts contribute to the development of a complete battery cell and pack-level design tools that will be available in the future product releases.
GM awarded ANSYS a subcontract to create battery software tools that will help accelerate development of next-generation EV batteries. This U.S. DOE-funded project is a result of a competitive procurement through N | 657 |
Check The Weather iPhone App Claims "Hyper-Accurate" Weather Predictions
app | check the weather | ios | iphone | weather | October 24, 2012
I do like weather apps,<|fim_middle|>).
[via Uncrate]
2001 Ford EX: That Time Ford Made a Concept Dune Buggy | but the strange thing is that when I open the ones that I have on my smartphone, they all end up saying something slightly different. While this could be problematic, it would probably all be solved by one weather app with better predictions. Check The Weather looks like another well-designed weather app, and claims to offer some of the most accurate weather data available.
Check The Weather gives you access to current conditions, hourly temperature and precipitation forecasts. It offers an extended 16-day outlook and astronomical data as well. The rest of the features are only available in the USA, including hazardous weather alerts from the National Weather Service and doppler radar precipitation maps, all navigable in a clean interface. There's also an integration with Dark Sky for minute-by-minute precipitation updates.
The Check The Weather app is available for iOS through the iTunes App Store for $1.99(USD | 175 |
I was accompanied by Anna Volpi, one of the photographers at Aperture Tours who heads up the Northern Italian tours in Verona and Venice. I must admit I was excited to have her experienced hand guiding me around this complex labyrinth of squares, canals and quarters. Having grown up in nearby Mantua she knows the whole region like the back of her hand and managed to whisk me off to the best locations to capture the perfect shots.
Anna Volpi, our photography expert for Verona and of course Venice.
We planned our visit to coincide with the first day of Carnivale and the whole city was in a festive mood. Brilliantly decorated gondolas floated down the Grand Canal and along the streets and in the Plaza Saint Marco one could spy locals dressed to the nines in decorative costumes. Unlike the Captain Jack sparrow who will charge you for a photo, these Carnivale attendees didn't expect any money for a photograph, rather the opposite as they were happily<|fim_middle|> enjoys shooting the surreal, mixing dreamlike qualities into his conceptual images. | posing for photographs and exposing their wonderful costumes.
I had to break myself away from the flurry of activity around the Square as Anna had a few places she wanted to take me to so we could capture the sunset. As soon as the sky broke into a passionate red and then into a smooth pink I had set up my camera and was snapping away. It is hard to deny the popularity of shooting at this time of the night. The quality of the light is just so magnificent.
Night fell and once more we were on the move to cast our eyes over the water to the San Giorgio Maggiore. The reflection of the full moon over the calm waters was perfect and helped to give my images balance. Before I knew it, it was time to leave. With so much excitement it was amazing how fast the day went. I couldn't thank Anna enough as I am sure I wouldn't have seen even a quarter as much if I wasn't in her capable hands.
Alexander is the founder of Aperture Tours (formally Paris Photography Tours) and heads up the tours in Paris. A professional photographer for over a decade Alexander | 226 |
Grammy nominated engineer and mixer. You've got a great track? Let me make if perfect.
I'm Zackary Darling, I've been a full-time engineer and mixer for ten years. Its been a wild ride, I've been lucky enough to work with some of my favorite artists, including The Temptations, Janiva Magness, Tierney Sutton, Fanny, and John 5. In their own ways they've each taught me about what it means to make a record great, moving, effective, and memorable.
I can provide you with a Grade-A mix on an indie record budget. Any style, any genre, any mood.
I've worked extensively in pop, soul, rock, country, alternative, bluegrass, metal, dance, indie, and jazz.
My philosophy is simple -- Communication is everything, I do my best to make sure I know exactly what you need, then I find the thing that makes your art unique and powerful, and turn it up to 11.
Recieved Grammy nominations for my work on Janiva Magness' "Love Wins Again" and Tierney Sutton Band's "The<|fim_middle|>1 hour of cleanup or tuning at no cost, $25/hr for further editing. One rough and two revisions per mix, $25/hr for further revisions. | Sting Variations." "Love Wins Again" was also on the long list for the Best Engineered Album Grammy, it was an amazing honor to even be considered.
Mix turnaround depends on workload, typically 3-5 days. | 47 |
Sit down to dinner and then settle into two theatre seats (upper<|fim_middle|>pm. | circle or balcony) for the perfect end to a day out in London. Start with a two-course set meal from the pre-theatre menu at a central restaurant (example restaurants are Prezzo, Pizza Express, Spaghetti House or Planet Hollywood). Each offers modern European or American food and are located within a short walking distance from Theatreland. Complete the evening by heading to a West End Theatre to enjoy one of a selection of top shows, chosen from a range including The Mousetrap, Wicked and The Woman in Black.
Available shows include: The Mousetrap, Wicked, The Woman in Black. Performances are available for midweek evenings and matinees, depending on show and subject to availability. Excludes School holidays, public and bank holidays. All dates are subject to availability.
Evening meals are booked for 6pm (1pm matinee). Evening shows start between 7.30pm to 8pm, continuing until 10 - 10.30pm, matinee shows around 3 | 211 |
Q: What could cause numpy.nanstd() to return nan? I have a relatively large 1-D array (20000 observations). When I calculate descrpitive statistics such as standard deviation, mean, sum, I get nan value, but when I calculate a percintle<|fim_middle|>39., 1485., 63., 393., 37., 1186., 13., 402., 404., 915.], dtype='float16')
print(np.nanstd(a)) # returns inf
a = a.astype('float32')
print(np.nanstd(a)) # returns 519.87177
| from the same array I get the value I expected. I tried functions such as numpy.nanstd, nanmean. What could I be doing wrong? I am using python 2.7.9
A: There are three circumstances where np.nanstd might return NaN:
*
*If the input is empty
*If all of the elements in the input are NaN
*If one of the elements is either positive or negative infinity. To understand why this happens, remember that the formula for standard deviation is
Since x contains inf, the mean of x will also be inf. Therefore when computing the deviations from the mean, there is at least one element that is equal to inf - inf. If you try this at the IPython prompt, you will see that inf - inf is defined as NaN.
In the former two cases you should get a helpful warning:
RuntimeWarning: Degrees of freedom <= 0 for slice.
A: Another possible explanation for inf output from np.nanstd is related what Numpy data type is used to store data. See the example below:
import numpy as np
a = np.array([12 | 228 |
Tuesday, December 1, 2020 Latest PDF issue | Give to the Voice | Search
Etcetera Viewpoints Advertising Classifieds Contact
University Police Department swears in new police chief
By Benjamin Lamers
The University Police (UP) Department swore in its new police chief, Karl Fleury, on April 21.
Fleury will be making the move to River Falls from Green Bay, Wis., where he was an officer in<|fim_middle|>rosse, plus UW-Eau Claire recently announced it…
wes hanson on Teachers on strike in St. Paul: I agree with the writer, I also believe in binding abbritation.
WRFW
Campus radio station broadcasting from North Hall.
River Falls Journal
Weekly community newspaper published by RiverTown Newspaper Group.
Wisconsin Traffic
Road and traffic conditions reported by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation.
Minnesota traffic
Road and traffic conditions reported by the Minnesota Department of Transportation.
Official site of the University of Wisconsin-River Falls.
Get the latest Student Voice (PDF, 4.6 MB).
© 2005-2020 Student Voice
The Student Voice is a student-run news organization at the University of Wisconsin-River Falls. It publishes weekly online and monthly in print during fall and spring semesters. Contact us at info@uwrfvoice.com or Student Voice, University of Wisconsin-River Falls, 410 S. Third St., 304 North Hall, River Falls, WI 54022. | the UW-Green Bay police department. Fleury will be taking over for former chief Richard Trende, who retired in March after eight years of being the chief of UP.
Facilities Planning and Management Executive Director Michael Stifter said that one of the first events Fleury will have to prepare for is commencement on May 17. Fleury noted that there are many aspects of the position which will require a brief adjustment period.
"I think that getting acclimated on the procedures. There are some similarities and some things that aren't similar, but a lot of things that are, which is helpful," Fleury said. "It's just a matter of getting to know all of the key people and getting out and about."
Fleury also has an eye on the future of the department, but said that it all begins with simply evaluating where UP is at right now.
"There are lots of things you look at, but first I have to do an evaluation and get to know the operation side and procedural side of the department. That's what I'm doing now by meeting with our employees individually and finding out what we do well, don't do well and find out where we can improve," Fleury said. "And looking finding out what kind of department they want. It's just a matter of getting up to speed and looking at thing we can improve on to provide better services to our campus."
The new chief also said that he wants to continue to foster, and grow upon, the community feel at UW-River Falls.
"I'm a strong believer in community policing. I believe we should be out making contacts with our students, faculty, staff and visitors to our campus. We need to be out and be aware, but make those contacts so they know our police department is here to provide a service," Fleury said. "It's also about being able to walk into an office and have a conversation with our employees, but also doing that with student employees at the University Center. Then they get to know you more as a police officer, but as a person and they get to know you as a person as well. It's a great two way street."
Currently, Fleury is living in an apartment on campus, as the rest of his family is in Green Bay for the remainder of the school year.
Despite being hired very late in the academic year, Fleury said he is excited about the opportunity to begin the next stage of his career at UWRF.
"It's a great opportunity to be here at UW-River Falls. To work with the students and with the community and it's a great opportunity for my family," Fleury said. "We're very big into the education component as well. This is a great setting and a great place to be."
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The spread and stipulations
UW-River Falls cancels spring break due to COVID-19
UW-River Falls announces that all classes move online after Thanksgiving break
Meghan Hayes on The spread and stipulations: Great work! Loved the interwoven interviews. Can't wait to hear what Huling does next.
Mike Dorsher, PhD on UWRF men's baseball works to become official team: The WIAC still oversees varsity baseball on seven campuses, including UW-Stout and UW-La C | 723 |
Sydney, Australia (October 15, 2008)--Toyota Stadium, in the southern beach<|fim_middle|>ries commented that he was extremely happy with his move into sporting facility installations and his client, the Cronulla Rugby League Club, was delighted with the completed project. | side suburbs of Sydney, is the home of the Cronulla Sharks rugby team. A popular facility, the venue needed an upgrade, and recently got it with the addition of a southern stand and renovations to the existing east and west stands. The ground has the capacity for over 22,000 fans. All those spectators need to hear the play-by-play, and that's when Sydney-based installer Saltec decided to spec Community Loudspeakers for the venue.
Sydney, Australia (October 15, 2008)--Toyota Stadium, in the southern beachside suburbs of Sydney, is the home of the Cronulla Sharks rugby team. A popular facility, the venue needed an upgrade, and recently got it with the addition of a southern stand and renovations to the existing east and west stands. The ground has the capacity for over 22,000 fans. All those spectators need to hear the play-by-play, and that's when Sydney-based installer Saltec decided to spec Community Loudspeakers for the venue.
Situated on the southern shores of Port Hacking, the facility is exposed to northeasterly winds off the Pacific Ocean and, according to Greg de Vries, managing director of Saltec, "The choice of Community R and WET Series loudspeakers was automatic. Because of the location, we needed a loudspeaker that could withstand the rigors of salt air and the elements, and give good balanced audio throughout the facility. For several reasons, we were unable to fully utilize the stands for loudspeaker mounting, so pole mounted speakers were selected in several areas." Saltec worked with Tony Russo, a director of the Technical Audio Group (Australia and New Zealand distributors of Community) on the design of the system.
The 31 Community R.5-99TZ, 18 R.5-94TZ and 10 W2-218T loudspeakers are powered by 10 QSC CX1202V amplifiers, and a QSC Basis 914lz was used for system control. Audio-Technica ATW3000 wireless systems are used for ground announcements.
Saltec works extensively in the design and supply of audio and video systems into clubs and hotels. Greg de V | 466 |
Mainly forest track, paths or quiet road.
This is a fairly undemanding section, offering excellent views of both Loch Fyne and the Kyles of Bute. Points of particular interest along this section include the dramatic ruins of Asgog Castle, the remains of a gunpowder mill, and a World War II tank landing slip.
The Loch Lomond & Cowal Way begins in Portavadie, which is linked to Tarbert in Kintyre by a regular ferry service. From the Portavadie ferry terminal, head east along the main concrete road which runs uphill past the marina. After about 400m, turn left onto the forest road signposted for Loch Asgog and the Loch Lomond & Cowal Way. Follow this track for around 700m to where a power line crosses the road and signs indicate a narrow grassy path to your right. This path passes through an area of bracken, skirts the edge of a clearing with houses and ruins, before heading uphill to the right. The route then descends for 250m through cleared forest to join a forest track beside a small loch. Turn left and follow the track for several hundred meters, ignoring forest track branching off to your right. The way then turns right by a standing stone onto a signposted trodden path, which passes the ruins of Asgog Castle before bearing right towards the shores of the loch. Follow the path along the edge of the loch, through a swing-gate and then continuing along the shoreline. At the head of the loch, near the cottages, the path disappears in the grassy fields. Bear diagonally uphill aiming for the gatepost on the skyline to the right of the cottages. Follow the<|fim_middle|>21. Follow the road for 500m until you come to the Cladh a Mhuillinn cottages on your right, where you will see a memorial to workers killed in a gunpowder explosion, as well as small canon used to test the powder. To continue on the Loch Lomond & Cowal Way, turn off the road and pass through the gate which is signed as a public footpath. This short distance is a farmer's field and it sometimes has livestock in it.
Bear straight ahead, following the fence-line uphill and through another gate into the next field. Continue alongside the fence to reach a metal gate, and then head through the gate and past the gorse towards the golf fairway ahead. Walk straight across the fairway, heading towards the fire break, until you reach a rough track which passes by the edge of the forest. Cross the fairway with care, following the ditch to your left until you reach a rough track which passes by the edge of a forest. The route follows this track downhill, bearing right where it meets with the golf course road. Follow this rough road for around 250m, before turning left onto a narrow path that leads into the woods. This is the historic 'green road' which was used to transport gunpowder by horse and cart. It was traditionally turfed to prevent the horses shoes striking dangerous sparks on the stones. The path descends round the back of Kames, coming out in a car-park at the southern end of the village. From here you can enjoy excellent views of the Kyles of Bute, as well noticing the nearby WWII tank landing slip.
Turn left onto the road, which follows the shore for one mile before zigzagging uphill by the Kames Hotel. Turn right, passing the Kyles Church and the public toilets, and then right again at the road junction by Kames post office. Follow the B8000 for approximately one mile to reach the Tighnabruaich post office. | farm track downhill to meet with the B8000 before turning right along the road towards the Millhouse crossroads.
At these crossroads, turn left onto the road for Kames and Tighnabruaich. To your right are ruins of a gunpowder mill which operated here until 19 | 65 |
Many parts of the world have experienced frequent and<|fim_middle|> activities (e.g., afforestation, improved agricultural management practices). | severe droughts during the last few decades. Most previous studies examined the effects of specific drought events on vegetation productivity. In this study, we characterized the drought events in China from 1982 to 2012 and assessed their effects on vegetation productivity inferred from satellite data. We first assessed the occurrence, spatial extent, frequency, and severity of drought using the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). We then examined the impacts of droughts on China's terrestrial ecosystems using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). During the period 1982–2012, China's land area (%) experiencing drought showed an insignificant trend. However, the drought conditions had been more severe over most regions in northern parts of China since the end of the 1990s, indicating that droughts hit these regions more frequently due to the drier climate. The severe droughts substantially reduced annual and seasonal NDVI. The magnitude and direction of the detrended NDVI under drought stress varied with season and vegetation type. The inconsistency between the regional means of PDSI and detrended NDVI could be attributed to different responses of vegetation to drought and the timing, duration, severity, and lag effects of droughts. The negative effects of droughts on vegetation productivity were partly offset by the enhancement of plant growth resulting from factors such as lower cloudiness, warming climate, and human | 287 |
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Tag Archives: 上海千花mm自荐
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Gregory Park Primary School Rehabilitated
Rehabilitation works have been completed at the Gregory Park Primary School in Portmore, St. Catherine, by the Jamaica Social Investment Fund (JSIF), at a cost of just under $40 million. This was done under Phase Two of the European Union (EU)-funded Poverty Reduction Programme (PRP II). Works undertaken included the construction of a 100-metre block wall, and drainage system; replacement of damaged windows and doors; painting of the buildings; replacement of ply door partitions; replacement and installation of new lighting fixtures; installation of aluminum windows and new solid core doors; and paving of the driveway. The project lasted for four months, and the symbolical handing over took place today (November 21), at a ceremony held at the school. General Manager for Human Resources, Administration and Communications at the JSIF, Rhonda Lumsden Lue, said the cost to the Fund was approximately $29 million with a contribution of some $10 million made by the residents of Gregory Park and its environs. Their input, she informed, primarily entailed provisions for aspects of the civil works – electricity, discounted labour, among others. "We are pleased to witness the conclusion of this project in Gregory Park. One recent study by the Caribbean Policy Research Institute (CapRI) suggests that more resources need to be poured into primary education, and that an educated population is one of the few areas of comparative advantage which this island can develop," she said. "At the JSIF, one-third of all investments, since our inception, has been made in education, incorporating infrastructure, upgrades, expansion of schools, ranging from basic to high schools, and the provisions of skills training," the General Manager added. Meanwhile, Head of Operation for the EU Delegation in Jamaica, Jesus Orus Baguena, underscored the importance of investing in Jamaica's education sector. "The EU support to education (in Jamaica) is complementary to the work going on at the Government level and elsewhere to improve school facilities and to improve the standards of education in the country. Education unlocks the door that leads to opportunities for children to improve their lives and to have a better Jamaica. So, supporting the schools is an investment in Jamaica's future," Mr. Baguena said. Senior Advisor to the Education Minister, Radley Reid, conveyed gratitude on the Ministry's behalf for the work undertaken and the support which the EU and JSIF have been extending to schools islandwide. In welcoming their inputs to the rehabilitation of Gregory Park Primary School, Mr. Reid said that without their intervention, that undertaking "would be a challenge." "The partnership approach is very important in the realisation of projects, such as this one at Gregory Park. Communities which contribute to the provision of physical structures, such as schools, will appreciate the facilities and protect them from vandalism," he argued. For his part, State Minister for Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade, and Member of Parliament for the area (East Central St. Catherine), Hon. Arnaldo Brown, noted that the rehabilitation project was the first such undertaken by JSIF in the newly created constituency. "We are very grateful for this investment in the school. The investment is not in the walls or the classrooms, but it is in the children and the future of Jamaica," Mr. Brown said. In his remarks, Portmore's Mayor, George Lee, said the intervention will greatly assist in creating a safe and conducive environment for teaching and learning. Principal of Gregory Park Primary, Ivy Jarrett, said the institution's rehabilitation will "significantly impact" the school community. "It also marks the cementing of a very special friendship between ourselves and the JSIF team," she added. The undertaking was a sub-project of the PRP II, which is funded jointly by the EU, under its Ninth European Development Fund Programme, and the Government of Jamaica. JSIF is the implementing agency for the PRP II. Gregory Park Primary School is the 19th such institution to benefit under the programme since this phase started in 2009. This timely intervention is expected to make the environment more conducive for teaching and learning for the approximately 854 enrolled students and 36 members of staff. read more
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WhatsApp Netflix Skype Cutting profits to Telecoms companies
Recommended for you Telecommunications Commission marks 10 Years Five from TCI to represent at regional Music, Model & Talent Showcase set for Nassau Facebook Twitter Google+LinkedInPinterestWhatsAppProvidenciales, 19 Nov 2015 – Telecomms companies in the Turks and Caicos are losing at the very least, tens of thousands of dollars due to over the top services like WhatsApp, Netflix and Skype. As the TCI Telecommunications Commission celebrates a decade of existence in the Turks and Caicos, there was a late day workshop Wednesday at the Palms Resort where talk turned to how these services are digging into the profitability of companies like LIME, Digicel and PTV.John Williams, Chairman, Telecommunications Commission: "We believe in freedom of information and yet to block such services, what would we be doing? Stopping the flow of information and so it is a difficult issue to deal with as we know that many of our operators are really hurting because of persons who are not licensed here are actually taking revenue from their area here in the islands where they are paying all of the fees and providing all of the infrastructure; so it was a discussion that was needed."A founder of the Commission, Stuart MacPherson returned to TCI and led the panel discussion where he said he had hoped for more robust engagement on the issue, because it means these companies will have to be extremely creative if they are going to remain relevant. Stuart McPherson, Consultant: "Obviously TV, people doing streaming services and so on, especially in relatively small markets like this that is going to be a big problem for the small cable companies and so on."It was agreed that while the change in how people communicate and are entertained will not necessarily drive these companies into extinction, MacPherson said it will alter how they make money.<|fim_middle|> off their marriage 14 years ago, but there are hundreds and thousands of fans who are still rooting for them to get back together. When Angelina Jolie announced her separation from Brad Pitt in September 2016, and Jennifer Aniston announced her divorce with Justin Theroux in February 2017, fans assumed that Brad and Jennifer will reconcile their differences.Earlier this year, Jennifer Aniston celebrated her 50th birthday with her close family and friends. To grace the event, Brad Pitt decided to attend it. Following which, a lot has been said and published about their alleged romance. There were bogus claims that Brad and Jennifer are going to get married in Paris or Brad bought a $56 million mansion house as a gift for Jennifer. However, for the very first time, Brad has directly responded to these rumors.As per Entertainment Tonight, the 55-year-old Brad Pitt was spotted walking to his car in Los Angeles and was caught a little off guard when a paparazzi asked him to comment on his alleged relationship with Jennifer Aniston. The cameraman inquired, "I gotta ask you, everyone wants to understand, are you and Jen getting back?" Jennifer Aniston forgives Brad Pitt for treating her badly and leaving her for Angelina JolieGetty ImagesBrad Pitt casually laughed off the question and responded simply, "Oh, my God." He then said "All right, have a good one," to the cameraman before driving off in his SUV car.Brad Pitt's response has made many to question what exactly is going on between these two. The actor did laugh at the question but does it mean that he is actually back together with Jennifer Aniston but is not disclosing anything since his divorce is not yet finalized with Angelina Jolie?Well, their representatives have stated in the past that there is nothing going on between Brad Pitt and Jennifer Aniston. Brad did attend Jen's 50th birthday party but it was a one-time thing and does not indicate that they are going to get back together in a romantic way. read more
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Three Wipro call centre employees arrested for security breach
Three employees of a call centre run by Wipro for London-based telecom service provider TalkTalk have been arrested in India for alleged breach of security.The arrests in Kolkata earlier this month were made after TalkTalk detected the alleged breach while conducting a data security review and informed the police, reported PTI.While confirming the arrests, TalkTalk clarified they were not related to a hacking detected last October when personal information of its customers were "compromised". "Following the October 2015 cyber-attack, we have been conducting a forensic review to ensure that all aspects of our security are as robust as possible — including that of our suppliers. Acting on information supplied by TalkTalk, the local police have arrested three individuals who have breached our policies and the terms of our contract with Wipro. We are also reviewing our relationship with Wipro," PTI quoted TalkTalk as saying in a statement.Wipro has said it is "working closely" in the investigation and will "extend its full cooperation" to the authorities probing the allegations."Wipro is committed to maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of all customer data, and has a zero-tolerance policy on security breaches," the Bengaluru-based company said in a statement."Wipro is working closely with the customer in the investigation and will continue to extend its full cooperation to the investigating authorities," Wipro was quoted by PTI as saying. read more
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Why did Ram Gopal Varma visit girls hostel in Tirupati PhotoVideo
Ram Gopal Varma in girl's hostel, TirupatiTwitterFilmmaker Ram Gopal Varma surprised everyone by sharing a selfie with some girls at a hostel in Tirupati. He said that he visited the girls' hostel because he used to stay there during his college days.Lakshmi's NTR is finally set to hit the screens in Andhra Pradesh on May 31, more than a month after its release in Telangana and other parts of India and world. Ram Gopal Varma is currently busy promoting the film in the state and is holding press meets in various cities across the state.Ram Gopal Varma visited Tirupati and took the blessing of Lord Venkateshwara. The director tweeted, "Started #LakshmiNTR by visiting Thirupathi and take Lord Balaji's blessings and today going to Thirupathi for a press meet on #LakshmisNTR at Hotel bliss at 5 pm to thank Lord Balaji."Hours later, Ram Gopal Varma paid a visit to a girls' hostel, which was meant for boys during his college days. The filmmaker went on to see a room where he stayed and also took a selfie with the girls who are presently staying in the room. He took to his Twitter page to share the selfie.Besides the selfie, Ram Gopal Varma also revealed that he recalled about a poster of Sridevi. He tweeted, "This is a room i stayed for more than 2 years in Siddhardha engineering college hostel back in my student days. it has now become a girls hostel and these lovely girls are it's present room mates. I used to have a Sridevi poster stuck on the wall behind me."Lakshmi's NTR is a biopic of late legendary actor and politician NT Rama Rao. It is about the phase when he was backstabbed by his party and family members. Interestingly, May 28 is the birth anniversary of NTR and many of his party and family members paid respects to the late actor. RGV took a dig at them by tweeting, "It's ironical that NTR's birthday is so close to his back stabbers political death day." Ram Gopal Varma garlanding NTR's statue on Paipula road in VijayawadaTwitterRam Gopal Varma had announced to hold a press meet at NTR circle, Paipula Road of Vijayawada on Sunday evening. But the police denied permission to him fearing that it might get disrupted by the activists. They suggested RGV to hold the press meet either in a press club or a meeting hall. Later announced to hold the same at the Film chamber in Gandhi Nagar.After visiting Tirupati today, Ram Gopal Varma headed to Vijayawada to hold a press meet. The director tweeted, "After all the cancellations of my Paipula road press meet starting from the first time police arrest to 2nd time other concerns, finally today on account of his birthday, the late NTR is making it happen."Later, Ram Gopal Varma garlanded the state of NTR on Paipula road in Vijaywada and paid tribute him. He tweeted a photo and video of the same and wrote, "I finally on Paipula road in Vijaywada garlanded NTR in NTR circle అనుకున్నది చేసేసా.. Me shouting JAI NTR after garlanding him." read more
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Filing false case against free thinkers a AL characteristic Fakhrul
Mirza Fakhrul Islam AlamgirBangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) secretary general Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir on Saturday alleged that the government is using the Anti Corruption Commission (ACC) completely for achieving its political purpose."The daily Amar Desh newspaper has been shut down and its editor was taken to jail and tortured there. Now a false case has been filed against his wife Firoza Mahmud," Mirza Fakhrul told a human-chain programme in the capital.The daily Amar Desh family organised the human-chain programme in front of the National Press Club in protest against the ACC's 'false' case against Firoza Mahmud."Filing false cases against free thinkers is the characteristic of the ruling Awami League. False case against Firoza Mahmud is a testimony to that. Not only so, cases are also being filed against BNP chairperson Khaleda Zia and her son Tarique Rahman's mother-in-law."Cases are being filed against all whereas some 7,500 cases filed against the AL men were withdrawn after the party came to power," said the BNP leader.Mahmudur Rahman, the acting editor of now closed daily Amar Desh, alleged that the Bangladesh Awami League government wants to destroy Zia's family and his family."But, as long as I remain alive, I will continue my struggle in favour of the country's independence and to establish Islamic values in the society. I will not be stopped by false cases or attacks on me," said Mahmudur Rahman.He alleged that corruption has been all-pervasive in the country now. "The cost of Padma bridge has been increased further. Money is being taken out of people's pockets. All know where this money goes." read more | Related Items:John Williams, Netflix, skype, stuart macpherson, TCI Telecommunications Commission, whatsapp Cabinet Approves NEW government board members Facebook Twitter Google+LinkedInPinterestWhatsApp read more
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Top Deals of 2007
The Top Deals of 2007Gemstar-TV GuideALMTime4 MediaAdvanstarInteractive DealsZiff Davis EnterpriseClarity Partners/Modern LuxurySummit Business Media/Wicks Business InformationAscend's DivestmentsPrimedia Enthusiast After consecutive years of record-breaking media deals (both in volume and value), there are finally signs that the industry is cooling slightly. The credit market, so favorable to many of the jawdropping multiples seen over the past two years has tightened up considerably. Private equity, which has dominated the media M&A landscape, may be pushing back from its buying binge, leaving strategic buyers to pick up the slack. And a magazine industry that already expected a continuing flat-todown trend in print revenue in 2008 braces for a recession. Still, in M&A terms, 2007 had several market-defining moments. A strong start in both volume and value yielded to a fourth-quarter stall and the strategics laid the groundwork for their likely 2008 comeback, according to a report by DeSilva & Phillips. However, one area in which 2007 remained strong throughout was a trend of traditional media companies buying new media and digital niche players. Publishers ranging from consumer heavyweights like Hachette Filipacchi, Hearst and Meredith to b-to-b publishers like CMP sought to expand not only their technical infrastructure but also buy skill-sets that could be integrated throughout their existing operations. In FOLIO:'s 2007 Top Deals Report, we identify 10 acquisitions we deem to have the most significant impact on the publishing industry. These are not necessarily the largest deals according to price, but transactions that will have a lasting effect, ranging from long-expected sales of several legacy publishers to the entry of aggressive European players into the U.S. to the shift in digital media acquisitions. This year FOLIO: has expanded its coverage to include not only summaries of the top deals, but an M&A report that examines the changes digital publishing is having on media M&A, as well as what that means for owners preparing for their own sale. read more
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WCTV Wants To Help YOU Launch Your Own Podcast
WILMINGTON, MA — Want to learn more about podcasting at Wilmington Community Television?WCTV is holding a Media Meet-Up on Wednesday, August 28, 2019 at 7pm for both beginners and advanced users. Learn how the studio is set up and get tips from other local podcasters about how they produce their programs.WCTV has a LOT of great podcasts right now. Read more about them HERE.To learn more about the event and to RSVP, contact Lisa Kapala at lisa@wctv.org.(NOTE: The above announcement is from Wilmington Community Television.)Like Wilmington Apple on Facebook. Follow Wilmington Apple on Twitter. Follow Wilmington Apple on Instagram. Subscribe to Wilmington Apple's daily email newsletter HERE. Got a comment, question, photo, press release, or news tip? Email wilmingtonapple@gmail.com.Share this:TwitterFacebookLike this:Like Loading… RelatedNews & Notes From WCTV: Did You Know WCTV Has A Podcast Studio That YOU Can Use?In "Community"News & Notes From WCTV: WCTV Executive Director Shaun Neville Answers YOUR QuestionsIn "Community"5 Things To Do In Wilmington On Wednesday, August 28, 2019In "5 Things To Do Today" read more
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Is number 4 finally official Shikhar Dhawan makes huge statement ahead of
When India's squad for the World Cup was picked, chief selector MSK Prasad informed that they had selected Vijay Shankar ahead of Ambati Rayudu for the number 4 spot. He also said that the team management could decide the role of KL Rahul depending on the situation and the requirements of the team.However, this number 4 spot still remains a conundrum for Virat Kohli's side and in one of the chats, opener Shikhar Dhawan revealed that the choice is between KL Rahul and Vijay Shankar and that there is no longer any confusion over the same."There is no debate anymore now. There is Vijay Shankar now. Even KL Rahul is there. They are there to play for that number. Whatever the captain and coach think we will go with them," Dhawan said on the sidelines of a brand event.Spoke about the pitches in England and in ICC tournaments Shikhar DhawanRobert Cianflone/Getty ImagesHe also believed that since most members of this side have played enough in England conditions and know the pitches on offer, it should serve the Indian side well. He also said that the pitches on offer are very different from what they encounter in a bilateral tournament and ICC tournaments."In England when we played Test series over there (last year), pitches were totally different, when we go and play the ICC tournaments the pitches are going to be very different," he added.Speaking about India's record in ICC tournaments, especially in England, Dhawan spoke about the performance of the side in 2013, when they were the champions and then again in 2017, when they lost to Pakistan in the finals. Virat Kohli and Shikhar DhawanLakruwan Wanniarachchi/AFP/Getty Images"Especially in England, as Indian team, we have performed really well in ODI format and T20s. You remember Champions Trophy 2013 and 2017. In 2013 we were champions and in 17 we were the runners-up and mostly all the players are the same so that is again a good sign," Dhawan added.Speaking about his own form, the left-hander conceded that he was extremely lucky to be playing under Ricky Ponting and Sourav Ganguly at Delhi Capitals and is looking forward to using their tips in the World Cup."Ricky Ponting and Sourav Ganguly…I am very fortunate that I am working with them now. They both have been great leaders. It is very good to be close to them because I can get their insight, know what was their mindset, what was their approach when they used to play or captain their side," Dhawan said. read more
September 5, 2019 adminLeave a comment
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Brad Pitt responds to dating Jennifer Aniston after Angelina Jolie
Brad Pitt and Jennifer AnistonGetty ImagesBrad Pitt attended Jennifer Aniston's 50th birthday party and made everyone think that after parting ways with Angelina Jolie, the Once Upon a Time in Hollywood star is back with his first wife. Brad Pitt was recently asked to comment on his alleged relationship with Jennifer Aniston and his cryptic response has left everyone to ask more questions.Brad Pitt and Jennifer Aniston have called | 1,758 |
Shooting Stars Are Coming From Aquarius — Here's How To Watch
By Lynsey Jeffery
The sky will provide a socially distant entertainment activity for stargazers this week: the annual Eta Aquarid Meteor Shower.
The May meteor shower is bits of ice and space dust left behind from Halley's Comet that crash into Earth's atmosphere, creating what we see as shooting stars. The annual shower serves as a reminder of the famed fireball only visible from Earth every 75 years or so. Its last sighting was in 1986, putting its next expected sighting in 20<|fim_middle|> the shooting stars, which will be coming up from the horizon and moving quickly across the night sky from their origin in the constellation Aquarius.
Observers in the Northern Hemisphere can expect to see between five and 10 meteors per hour, depending on weather conditions.The more dry and clear the night, the better chance of seeing the shower. In Australia, stargazers reported up to 37 meteors per hour in good conditions.
The key to a successful shower experience, says Lunsford, is to get comfortable.
"Don't step outside and stand there and expect to see meteor activity," he says. Instead, he suggests grabbing a lawn chair and a warm blanket and setting up camp in the darkest area possible. "If you're comfortable, you're gonna see a lot more activity."
And if being awake at 4 a.m. is not feasible, more vibrant showers including the Perseids and the Geminids will come later this year with better sky conditions in August and December.
Lynsey Jeffery | 61.
This year's meteor shower is expected to peak between Monday and Wednesday night, and is best viewed from the Southern Hemisphere, where the night is longer at this time of year.
But Northern Hemisphere viewers will have a chance to see the shower between 3 a.m. and dawn, International Meteor Organization Secretary General Robert Lunsford tells NPR.
"You can see them from anywhere as long as the sky is clear," Lunsford said. But the shower won't be as good this year as it was last May, he says, because the moon will be full on Thursday, reducing the visibility of meteors.
Viewers should look due east to see | 134 |
Working at KIMEP University
Why Join KIMEP?
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Basic information for new faculty, Fall 20<|fim_middle|>We value our responsibility to develop the future leaders of society who will embrace the highest ethical standards.
We value the creation, application, and dissemination of knowledge in a culture which fully supports the freedom of inquiry and speech.
We value fairness and integrity and will not tolerate favoritism, nepotism or corruption.
We value open, honest communications and transparent and accountable decision-making.
We value partnerships with our community, including the parents of our students, business, government, and non-government organizations, within the Republic of Kazakhstan and throughout the world.
We value the high reputation of our university in the Republic of Kazakhstan and beyond, and also its important contribution to the growth of society.
© 2022 - KIMEP University | 21
Working at KIMEP University offers a unique chance to work with highly-motivated and international staff and faculty that come from all over the world.
The KIMEP University Human Resources Department has developed this portal to help you find out more ways to contribute to the learning, teaching, work and research that our university produces every year.
In this portal you can find all current vacancies list. For applying to position, you need to sign up, fill out a form, and load necessary documents in pdf format. Before applying, please read carefully requirements and job descriotion.
If you have any questions, please contact us directly via e-mail: recruitment@kimep.kz
Human Resources Department functions as a strategic unit to represent KIMEP as a leading employer among academic institutions operating in Kazakhstan.
KIMEP offers highly competitive salaries for both Kazakhstani and foreigner citizens, as well as provides an array of other benefits.
All of our operations are based on our core values to advocate integrity, transparency, freedom of inquiry and a passionate concern for the well-being of our students, faculty and staff.
After you submit your application
stage Review of application by HR
stage Review of application by Selection Committee of the particular department/college
stage Short list is designed
stage Interview process
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Each final applicant submits the list of required employment documents. Foreign employee has to submit the list of required documents in advance for visa or/and work permit. Local employee has to submit all required documents on his/her starting date.
From fewer than 300 students in 1997, KIMEP has grown to over 3000. All classes are taught in English and all curricula, from the undergraduate to graduate level, match international standards. KIMEP University has played a key role in the development of Kazakhstan, and Almaty in particular, as city is an international business hub for the region, providing highly-qualified professionals with fluent English to the international and local business community.
Working at KIMEP University is more than just a job. It is an opportunity to be a part of leading higher education institution in the region, driving rapid economic, social and cultural change.
At the individual level, you play a fundamental role in developing students to be the leaders in their fields and in their communities.
As part of the institution, you will be helping secure the sustainable development of the entire region.
KIMEP University fulfills its mission by delivering world-class education in world-class facilities. These include a recently completed New Academic Building, world-class Executive Education Center, Kazakhstan's first student sports center of international quality and a state-of-the-art library with extensive virtual and physical holdings. All of its current teaching facilities have in-class internet access and multimedia capabilities. Faculty offices are comfortable and equipped with all necessary technology.
At its meeting on November 20, 2009, the Board of Trustees/Board of Directors of the NJSC KIMEP University adopted the following statement of core values for the university.These codify for the first time the values by which the university has sought to operate since its founding. We ask to you to take them into consideration as valued members of our community.
We value the well-being of our students, faculty, and staff.
We encourage personal and professional development in an environment of collegiality and trust.
We value quality in our education programs and research activities.
We value the holistic development of our students, instilling in them a questioning spirit and the ability and desire to learn throughout life.
| 730 |
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Met Gala 2019: Camp Fashion
By Lucine - May 05, 2019
Things about the Met Gala – all you need to know before the first Monday of May.
The Costume Institute Gala at New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art is the biggest event on the fashion fundraising calendar. Founded by publicist Eleanor Lambert, the benefit was first held in 1948 to encourage donations from New York's high society. In its modern incarnation, the most famous faces from the realms of fashion, film, music and art come together to raise money for the Met's Costume Institute and celebrate the grand opening of its latest exhibition. The night is centred on the theme of<|fim_middle|>2018 is
The first Monday of May is annually marked with the Met Gala at the Metropolitan
campCostume NationalfashionMet BallMet Gala
Marketing expert turned into desperate fashion enthusiast. Cosmopolite: based in Zürich, lived in Tallinn, born in Yerevan. Blogging since 2010.
For inquiries: lucine.ayn@gmail.com
#NKpeace
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Copyright (c) 2019 Lucine Blog | the new exhibition.
This year's exhibition theme is Camp: Notes On Fashion.
Over-the-top and quirky.
Since 1995, the event has been chaired by US Vogue editor-in-chief Anna Wintour, who enlists public figures to serve as her co-chairs. The Met Gala 2019, which marks the event's 71th anniversary, will be co-chaired by Lady Gaga, Alessandro Michele, Harry Styles and Serena Williams.
48% of the guest list comprises actors. Fashion, meanwhile, represents 32% of the 2019 committee.
Camp is all about irony and exaggeration. It's not about fashion at all. It's about costume. Celebrities will be expected to wear costumes. They'd be characters more than couture.
Andrew Bolton, curator of the Costume Institute, has framed the exhibition around Susan Sontag's seminal 1964 essay Notes on "Camp", which posited different ways in which the concept could be construed. Bolton told Hamish Bowles that he found Sontag's writings so timely with what is going on culturally and politically that, "he felt it would have a lot of cultural resonance."
In Susan Sontag's 1966 book, "Notes on Camp," author described "camp" as "the metaphor of life as theater."
It's a tall task, especially when one considers that she traces its origins back to the 17th and 18th century with the rise of the les précieux literature in France and rococo art in Germany, then successfully connects it to the then-contemporary queer culture of the '60s, referencing everything from dandy intellectual Oscar Wilde to the 1933 movie King Kong along the way.
Featuring some 200 fine art and fashion objects, the contents of the exhibition will trace the origins of the subject from the 17th century, specifically the court of Versailles, to the present day. "Basically, we go from sun kings to drag queens," American Vogue editor Anna Wintour said at a press conference in February.
A preview of the Johnny Dufort-lensed catalogue indicates that looks from Moschino's spring/summer 2017 collection, Gucci's autumn/winter 2016 offering and Off-White's pre-fall 2018 edit will feature within the walls of the Met. That Marjan Pejoski swan dress will sit in the display cases alongside a fabulous Schiaparelli flamingo ensemble. And there are myriad Jeremy Scott – "the king of camp" – pieces to add character to the proceedings.
Camp, as Bolton notes, "has become increasingly more mainstream in its pluralities — political camp, queer camp, pop camp, the conflation of high and low, the idea that there is no such thing as originality."
Bolton also points out embraces elements that include "irony, humour, parody, pastiche, artifice, theatricality, excess, extravagance, nostalgia, and exaggeration" — all of which can, by turns, be discovered in Michele's playful Gucci oeuvre.
Speaking at the February press summit, Gucci creative director Alessandro Michele said: "This is a very important moment because we will collaborate on the creation of this fantastic exhibition that has a DNA that is related to my work, working to the expression of human nature… Camp is a beautiful word." Michele also paid tribute to Karl Lagerfeld, adding, "I would like to seize this opportunity to thank Karl, who is no longer with us, who has been a great representative of fashion, and who had a great love for life and this kind of work."
Source: Vogue.co.uk, Time.com
Met Gala 2019: Notes on Camp
Cardi B wearing Thom Browne On May 6th, celebrities and designers
Met Gala 2018. Best Moments
Colloquially and affectionately referred to as "fashion's biggest night out," the Met Gala | 837 |
VISTA, CA – January 20, 2021
TEMPO LAUNCHES FIBER &<|fim_middle|> Follow Tempo on social media at @TempoComms.
About Tempo Communications
Tempo Communications, Inc. (formerly Greenlee Communications brand) offers a complete line of reliable, industry-leading test and measurement solutions to address all stages of network deployment, enabling the development, installation, and maintenance of xDSL, Fiber, Cable, Ethernet, Wireless and Irrigation networks. Tempo also sells professional grade Paladin hand tools and the DataShark line which is directed at the do-it-yourselfer. The Tempo Communications North American headquarters remains in Vista, CA, with its European HQ in Cwmbran, UK.
By dev February 5, 2021 | EXRACTION TOOL
Tempo Communications today announced the launch of the Insertion and Extraction Tool (TCEXT) for fiber applications. The Paladin-branded TCEXT is used to remove and insert LC, SC and similar connectors into bulkheads where the technician's fingers may not fit especially in congested cabinets.
Aside from being rugged, durable and easy to use, the TCEXT features include a secure clamping mechanism to seamlessly insert and remove connectors as well as an ergonomic and lightweight design to promote precise alignment. And, because it carries the Paladin name, the TCEXT comes with a limited Lifetime Warranty. Paladin hand tools, manufactured by Tempo Communications, remain an industry favorite when only the best will do.
Tempo's TCEXT reaffirms its commitment to developing relevant fiber solutions that are easy to use and simplify the technician's job, enabling them to provide exceptional service and exceed customer expectations. It is the perfect addition one of Tempo's re-stocked fiber tool kits, which contain all the essential fiber tools the fiber technician needs to get the job done right the first time.
Tempo is an industry leader in delivering relevant, comprehensive test and measurement solutions at a variety of price-points to ensure that every technician has the tools and equipment to get the job done right the first time. To learn more about Tempo Communications, including its innovative fiber products, go to TempoCom.com, or call 800-642-2155. | 296 |
From Tree Surgery to Crafting<|fim_middle|>. "Customer love the flare on the ends."
The next stop is to put the rods in a jig built by a neighbor, Ray Cox, a mechanical engineer. Joe uses the jig to bend the rods into hooks.
Making the larger hooks can be hard on the hands, but Joe said it beats the physicality of tree work.
Joe paused when he was asked what it's like working with his wife.
"Well, we're married — so it's terrible," he said, laughing. More seriously, he said they work together well because she values his and others' views, "and then she does what she wants.'
He also sees his role as putting on the brakes at times.
"She has a much better work ethic than me," he said, but sometimes he said she needs to be reminded to take time for herself. "It's hard. It's always there, having a business. Work is always there."
There are unexpected advantage, he's found.
"I do enjoy going to the hardware store and knowing that most things I buy will be a tax deduction," he said, laughing again.
Jocelyn said his help is crucial— not only with the business, but with the couple's two sons and elderly Jack Russell terrier. Joe's garrulous personality is valuable at trade shows, where he finds it easier to chat with potential customers.
"I couldn't do it without him," she said.
Tags: Heaven in Earth Jocelyn Justin Manufacturer product Slate trade shows
← Back to Tales and Adventures | Home Goods
Not everything from Heaven in Earth is the product of refined sensibilities. Some of it is the result of brute force.
This is where Heaven in Earth founder Jocelyn Van Hoven's partner in almost every way comes in. That's Joe Van Hoven, her husband, partner, father to her children, packer, chief sales rep at trade shows and plenty more. He's also the one who produces several of Heaven in Earth's most popular items — slate products and metal S-hooks.
Joe's journey, like Jocelyn's, to Heaven in Earth was somewhat circuitous. He grew up in Double Bay in Sydney, on a "working class street," he's quick to emphasize, lest anyone think his working class airs are inauthentic. Instead, Joe has always had dirt under his nails. He studied horticulture and worked in a retail plant nursery and as a tree surgeon before starting his own business, Justin Trees (a play on his actual given name, Justin).
Justin Trees ended about four years ago, when the physical beating of the work forced him to get one hip replaced. Heaven in Earth was growing and he could help there.
"Jocelyn's business started doing really well," Joe said. "I was really glad to give it all up. It was much better for me cutting slate and packing boxes. The whole creation process is something I enjoy."
He also doesn't mind that it's less dangerous.
Joe makes the hooks out of iron, copper or brass rods. He uses a bolt cutter to cut them to the proper length and then grinds the tips until they're smooth.
"Then I beat them on an anvil," he said | 342 |
Kudos to the superhuman efforts last week of Stew, Deb, Justin, Michael,<|fim_middle|> Carrot and Cilantro Salad; Beet and Beet Green Pesto; Tortilla Lasagna with Chard; Napa Cabbage Gratin; Vegetable Kim Chee; Blueberry Salsa with Herbs.
« Older Post Baked Goat Cheese with Frisee – Recipe » Newer Post Too Many Carrots? | Louise, Lela, Brigitte, Jerry, Cara, and Flo. It was not easy out there in the overwhelming heat and humidity, yet they still pulled together our weekly share as well as tending to the everyday farm work.
Remember our annual get-together this Sunday, July 31, from 3 pm to 9 pm. Fun for everyone, not just those who haven't yet been out to the farm. There's always something new or different going on.
The Vegetable Share: Swiss Chard; Lettuces–including Dandelion and Napa Cabbage; Roots–choice of: Japanese Turnips (without greens), Carrots with tops, Beets with Greens (Golden, Red, Butter, Chiogga); Zucchini/Summer Squash; Cucumbers; Herbs–choice of: Basil, Cilantro, Dill.
The Fruit Share: Sweet Cherries; Sour Cherries; Blueberries; Apricots; Plums.
Recipes: | 203 |
Some folks (me) would argue about "0" in relaxation graph. Despite popular opinion not all people find this games such challenging as it presented. But (specifically first<|fim_middle|> of relaxation and escapism in being in this environment and exploring this world.
While the story in the Dark Souls Series is hidden in item description and NPC dialog it's an amazing one once you piece things together. You play as a "hero" that's tasked with relinking the flame, a cycle that prevents the world to delve into darkness. It provides a unique challenge full of extremely tough tasks, beautiful created world meant for exploration as you're given close to none directions where even the easiest monsters can kill you in 3 hits. The plethora of unique NPC's and the story behind them is amazing to explore. This is truly one of the games you must play at least once before you die. | dark/demon) they have very unique atmosphere of slow decay, despair, hopelessness. Environment and NPCs strengthened this atmosphere. And some weird people (me) found kind | 34 |
The latest from RockneKrebsArt (@RockneKrebsArt).
Anthony Caro and Kenneth Noland.
1967 First experimentations with lasers, ideas for projection of color transparencies into a controlled atmosphere of vapor.
"Krebs responded deeply to the work of sculptor Anthony Caro and visited Caro at Bennington College in Vermont where he, as well as Kenneth Noland, was teaching. While Krebs's exposure to art is extremely broad, the work of Noland and Caro has been the most immediately influential.
toward solutions all his own.
From these first triangular plex<|fim_middle|> Art Institute of Chicago. Artists, Krebs, Judd, Francis, 69th American Exhibition, 1970.
Artists on Their Art, Art International, Volume XII/4, 1968. | iglass works to the complex forms in clear plexiglass with pigmented resin in their seams…the reduction of the material requirements of sculpture and the resulting demands on the viewer's perception have been continuous. While the pristine forms and handsomely crafted materials in these sculptures are an undeniable part of their appeal, their strength lies primarily in their creation of ambiguity….The ambiguity in Krebs' plexiglass pieces centers on their opposing qualities of concreteness and transparency….Later the edges of the plexiglass forms were beveled to create a greater end surface and pigment was added to the resin used to join the separate sections. The result...was a glowing configuration of colored light supported by transparent planes."
Woods, James N. Rockne Krebs, Albright-Knox Art Gallery, 1971.
Pi Flower, 1968. Photograph by Steve Szabo.
but their look is equally insubstantial, luminous and pure…They're generated by the plexiglass he works with….The planes are colorless, but their edges glow." Richard, Paul.
The Artful Showing of Space, Light and Geometry, The Washington Post, 1969.
Forgey, Benjamin. ART: the Pure Form of Krebs, The Washington Star, 1969.
Richard, Paul. HemisFair Sculpture, The Washington Post, 1968.
Photo Courtesy of The | 293 |
« Dmitri Hvorostovsky @ Carnegie Hall | Main | Ballet Academy East @ Ailey Citigroup »
New York Philharmonic: Bronfman/Valčuha
Above: pianist Yefim Bronfman
Thursday February 18th, 2016 - In recent seasons, as I've gradually moved away from opera and dance and into the realm of symphonic and chamber music, concerts featuring the great pianist Yefim Bronfman have consistently been outstanding events; we still talk about these evenings - and about the pianist - with great admiration and affection. To<|fim_middle|>2016 | Permalink | me, Mr. Bronfman is a unique musician: an artist in the highest echelon of great performers today.
This evening's concert at The New York Philharmonic is something my friend Dmitry and I have been looking forward to since it was announced. Maestro Juraj Valčuha was on the podium tonight as Mr. Bronfman performed Liszt's Piano Concerto #2 on a program that further featured works of Kodály, Dvořák, and Ravel.
Opening the concert with Kodály's Dances of Galánta; the Philharmonic had played this piece in 2013 and I was happy to experience this music again: it's happy music! Zoltán Kodály wrote his Dances of Galánta to celebrate the 80th anniversary of the Budapest Philharmonic Orchestra. Galánta is a small village in Hungary where the composer spent seven years of his childhood and where, thanks to the town's popular gypsy band, the young Kodály became aware of of the style and motifs of gypsy music.
Launched by a clarinet tune from the Philharmonic's inimitable Anthony McGill, Dances of Galánta has a wonderful lilt and swagger. Flautist Robert Langevin and oboist Liang Wang pipe up charmingly, and the big, passionate main theme is irresistible. Maestro Valčuha - tall, handsome, and with an elegant baton technique - drew out all the vivid colours of the score, which ends with a romping folk dance.
Mr. Bronfman then appeared, to a congenial welcome from the Philharmonic audience. Meticulous of technique and warmly confident in stage demeanor, the pianist's performance of the Liszt Piano Concerto No. 2 was impressive in its virtuosic clarity and in its meshing of the piano line with the orchestra. Maestro Valčuha's feeling for balance and pacing was spot-on.
The concerto, which Liszt tinkered with endlessly between 1839 and 1861, is particularly congenial to experience as it sweeps forward in one continuous movement over a span of about 20 minutes; yet it has the feel of a more traditionally structured concerto. Along the way, Liszt pairs the piano with various orchestral voices - a gorgeous piano/cello lullabye; rippling piano motifs as the oboe sings; high and delicate piano filigree over gentle violins; horns and cymbals sounding forth as the piano flourishes triumphantly.
Mr. Bronfman's fluency in the rapid passages was a delight: sprightly in a high-lying scherzo passage, then swirling and cascading up and down the keyboard with joyous bravado. The concerto further alternates moments of big drama with passages of sheer melodic glow, all of which Mr. Bronfman delivered to us with his customary assurance and polish.
Audience and orchestra alike embraced the pianist with a prolonged ovation; an encore was given which elicited even more applause, and the affable Mr. Bronfman was called out twice again. Next season, he's down for the Tchaikovsky 2nd with The Phil: it's already on my calendar, circled in red.
Following the interval, Maestro Valčuha (above) and the Philharmonic players further displayed their cordial rapport in two well-contrasted "tone poems": Dvořák's folkish and finely-orchestrated The Water Golbin (curiously enough, having its Philharmonic premiere tonight - some 120 years after it was written) and Ravel's darkly magical La Valse, which always makes me think of Rachel Rutherford and Janie Taylor.
While it seemed a bit odd not to have a symphony on the program, the two shorter works in the second half of the evening worked well together, were beautifully played, and allowed us to savor Maestro Valčuha's conducting from both a musical and visual standpoint.
Photo by Dmitry.
February 19, | 852 |
How do you drive your NPS, the new customer relationship transformation KPI?
An essential indicator for large companies, the NPS (Net Promoter Score) has become the benchmark in terms of customer relationship, or even one of the pillars of the customer-centric strategy. Very simple tracking tool, but of unrivalled efficiency, it allows customer satisfaction to be measured with a single question: " What is the<|fim_middle|> by leveraging both the process and the human plan. The NPS thus becomes a driving force for change in large organizations and a real tool for strategic management for the success of transformation. | probability that you would recommend this company/service/product?". It allows the "recommendation rate" to be ascertained very quickly and in particular the margin of progression possible. This notion of "recommendation " is essential in order to retain current customers and in parallel develop the commercial prospection field.
Today, large companies have given this indicator a key role as a tool for managing transformation and driving change within their organizations. But why such enthusiasm today for this KPI and above all, what means do they have for improving this indicator in a sustainable way?
Companies have come to understand the true value of this indicator. Beyond measuring a simple satisfaction rate, the NPS appears to be a real tool for managing and driving the change of customer relationship, which has evolved significantly over the past ten years. There are several reasons for this: the change in consumer behavior, the emergence of new competitors, the major role of customer reviews made increasingly visible through social networks, etc… In general, the relationships between companies and their customers have been strongly impacted by technological developments and the advent of the internet (multiplication of contact points, increasing complexity of the notion of customer experience…). This rise in the digitalization of the customer relationship requires companies to fully control all the elements of their customer relationship process chain.
Regularly measuring your NPS is necessary, but today it is not sufficient. Regularly taking the temperature of the patient does not cause it to go down. It is, therefore, necessary to set up an action plan in order to move the "Detractors" and "Passives" to be "Promoters" to sustainably increase the NPS. But what are the best practices to carry out this ambitious project?
As a first step, the company must have a very "process-oriented" approach and set up a series of internal "check-ins" in order to be able to respond very quickly to negative opinions, to reassure disappointed customers but also to reinforce the "Promoters" in their choices. A list of actions to be carried out for each of these different cases must be defined upstream by the company and it is then necessary to regularly check the proper execution of each of them by monitoring key indicators.
As a second step, it is necessary to focus on the human factor and include all employees in this NPS and customer satisfaction measurement strategy.
The company must then be able to create and encourage a community of committed employees to promote its image to its customers. In order to achieve this second objective, the implementation of tools that provide daily personalized and collective stimulation of the employees is strongly recommended (through a system of positive emulation, gamification, recommendation or training). The establishment of means to measure the outcome of the action plan is essential; a simple and attractive graphical representation, in the form of indicators and dashboards for example, can be used to monitor the increase in skills and provide a global and local vision to identify employees and departments with problems. Gamification is also a very good NPS animation lever as it offers the opportunity to leverage all internal resources by engaging dedicated teams via challenges based on predefined goals. It also allows employees and teams to be rewarded when managing to maintain a very good customer satisfaction rating thanks to a points system, for example.
In summary, the role of the NPS goes beyond that of a simple barometer of customer satisfaction. It challenges the traditional methods of customer relationship management | 680 |
GW4 ALLIANCE APPOINTS NEW PERMANENT DIRECTOR
The GW4 Alliance has announced the appointment of Dr Joanna Jenkinson as the new GW4 Director, previously Head of Infection and Immunity at the Medical Research Council, and a graduate of both Bristol and Exeter Universities. Jo will take up the post<|fim_middle|> an interesting and critical time for higher education and regional initiatives. GW4 has a fantastic track record of delivering pioneering collaborative research and innovation, and creating the research leaders of the future. I look forward to working with colleagues across our institutions to build on this success, and cultivating new and existing partnerships to harness our collective strengths. Together we can respond to complex and pressing global challenges, including the environment crisis, accelerating to net zero emissions, and the pandemic of antimicrobial resistance."
Professor Jonathan Knight, Chair of GW4 Board and Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Research) at the University of Bath said: "We are thrilled to announce the appointment of Dr Jo Jenkinson as Director of the GW4 Alliance. Jo brings a wealth of experience and expertise in delivering research strategies and securing major funding bids. At a time of major challenge and opportunity in higher education and research organisations, we look forward to Jo's leadership to help us drive innovation and harness the industrial and research strengths of our region, benefiting the economy and society at a local and global scale, and demonstrating that collaboration is at the heart of research discovery and impact."
The GW4 Alliance brings together four of the most research-intensive and innovative universities in the UK: Bath, Bristol, Cardiff and Exeter. Jo joins at an exciting and successful time for the Alliance – with its return on investment in collaborative research communities is at its highest level since the GW4 Alliance was formally launched in 2014.
To date the GW4 Alliance has invested over £3.1m in 112 collaborative research communities, which have generated nearly £50m in research income. This means that for every £1 GW4 spends on collaborative research communities, GW4 captures an impressive £16 in external research awards.
Working with other organisations, industry, and society, GW4 aims to enhance research collaboration; address global, societal, and industrial challenges; and inform policy at national and international levels. GW4 has earned an international reputation for delivering pioneering research and high-quality doctoral training, with GW4 institutions currently hosting over 30 externally funded Doctoral Training Centres and Partnerships.
Our research communities encompass a variety of research areas and have developed partnerships with over 200 external partners to undertake pioneering work, from Alzheimer's diagnosis and treatment to producing biofuels from algae. The collective impact of GW4 has developed flagship communities of research excellence such as the GW4 Water Security Alliance – one of the largest water research consortia in the world and GW4 Isambard, the world's first Arm-based supercomputer to go into production use. Our collaborative research strength has influenced national policy, developed world-class facilities, and provided the foundations for major research programmes tackling global challenges.
GW4'S RETURN ON RESEARCH INVESTMENT REACHES RECORD HIGH
GW4 NEWSLETTER MAY 2021 | from Monday 7 June 2021.
Prior to joining the GW4 Alliance, Dr Joanna Jenkinson was the Head of Infection and Immunity at the Medical Research Council (MRC), where she had overall responsibility for the research portfolio and for managing the Infections and Immunity Board and its investments, including the Units and Centres. Last year she also led the UKRI/DHSC/NIHR rapid response and rolling calls for COVID-19 research. Jo joined the MRC in 2008 and has held a range of roles including Head of Capacity and Skills, with responsibility for all MRC PhD and fellowships schemes. In this role, she also led on the development of the UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship scheme and developed the evidence and business case for this scheme, which secured an additional £900m for UKRI from the UK Government Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. She also led the MRC's mental health and addiction portfolio and wrote the MRC's 2017 Mental Health Strategy.
Dr Jenkinson received a PhD in fungal genetics from the University of Exeter, and undertook her Defra-funded, postdoctoral work on the evaluation of the field scale trials of GM crops. Before joining the MRC she worked at the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, initially for the Plant and Microbial Sciences Committee and then the Sustainable Agriculture Strategy Panel.
Dr Jo Jenkinson said: "I am delighted to be joining the GW4 Alliance, especially at such | 310 |
Popular Science Monthly/Volume 77/August 1910/Physiologic Light
From Wikisource
< Popular Science Monthly | Volume 77 | August 1910
The Past and Present Status of the Ether
Popular Science Monthly Volume 77 August 1910 (1910)
Physiologic Light by Frank Alexander McDermott
Instinct and Intelligence in Birds III
1579414Popular Science Monthly Volume 77 August 1910 — Physiologic Light1910Frank Alexander McDermott
PHYSIOLOGIC LIGHT
By F. ALEX. McDERMOTT
HYGIENIC LABORATORY, U. S. PUBLIC HEALTH AND MARINE HOSPITAL SERVICE
THERE are probably but few if any of the readers of this magazine who have not seen and admired at least one of the many manifestations of "physiologic light" of which the most common to us is the firefly. Indeed, from the earliest times the phenomenon of the emission of light by animals and plants has attracted man's attention, and a large amount of scientific work has been done upon the subject. An attempt to compile a complete bibliography of the subject has resulted in the remarkable discovery that there are over seven hundred references to the literature bearing on the emission of light by organized bodies, and "the end is not yet." The work has embraced the physical, chemical, physiologic, histologic and entomologic sides, and much valuable information and many interesting facts have been secured. Among the names of the early writers who refer to some phase of this phenomenon are Aristotle, Pliny the Younger and Josephus; the more recent names include those of Robert Boyle, Sir Humphry Davy, Faraday, Pasteur, Kölliker, Dubois and the late S. P. Langley, and indeed a host of others whose names are more or less widely known. Several extensive treatises on the subject have appeared, some of which are really quite good, though regrettably they are for the most part out of date at this time. For the benefit of those who may care to read further, the names of a few of these are given below.[1]
The phenomenon of physiologic light has been variously termed "phosphorescence," "luminosity," "photogenic function," etc., by different authors. As these are, for the most part, interchangeable in meaning, they will be used in this paper to refer to the same thing. The term "phosphorescence" is unfortunate, since it implies that the light is due to the presence of the element phosphorus—which it is not—and has become still more objectionable recently owing to its application by physicists and chemists to another totally different phenomenon of light emission.
It was my good fortune during the summer of 1909 to be associated with Professor J. H. Kastle, of the "University of<|fim_middle|> has also discovered a fluorescent substance in the blood of the cucuyo (Pyrophorus noctilucus).
Luminous animals and their photogenic tissues are extremely sensitive to irritants, whether mechanical, electrical or chemical; in other words, these tissues are very irritable. Almost any schoolboy is familiar with the fact that pinching a firefly will result in the production of light from its luminous organ. Any other mechanical irritation, such as scratching or pricking with a pin, light taps or blows with a splinter of wood, etc., will produce a similar effect, and this is true not only of the live insect, but also of the luminous organ immediately after removal from the body of the insect; as it dries, however, the luminous organ gradually loses its sensitiveness, and when completely dry it will not respond to mechanical stimuli.
The electric current acts as a stimulus to light production. The passage of the current through the body of a firefly causes it to flash, and sea water containing the Noctiluca shows luminous activity during the passage of a current. Light may also act as an irritant or stimulus; Henneguy records that the admission of light to the darkened cabinet wherein were some Noctiluca in sea water, caused the evolution of light from these infusoria, and the local firefly has been known to flash following the turning on of an electric light in a darkened room where the insects were confined, the phenomenon being repeated several times.
The most extensive observations upon the irritability of photogenic tissue, however, have been made with chemical substances. These have included a large number of gases and vapors, acids, alkalis and salts, alkaloids, and a vast number of miscellaneous compounds. In general, chemical substances may be divided into three classes with reference to their action upon the photogenic tissue: (1) Those which tend to produce the evolution of light, and which may therefore be classed as stimulants to light production; examples of this class are mononitrobenzene, carbon disulfide and carbon tetrachloride; (2) those substances which are neutral in their action, neither provoking luminescence nor inhibiting it; examples of this class are hydrogen and nitrogen; (3) substances which poison the tissue and permanently prevent the production of light; examples of this class are bromine, sulfur dioxide and iodine cyanide. Strychnine and other alkaloids cause the production of light, as do also certain poisons; oxygen appears to activate the production of light somewhat.
Probably the most interesting fact so far developed by the chemical study of this phenomenon is that when photogenic tissues have been dried out, the dry tissue glows again when moistened with water in the presence of air. Carradori mentioned this fact in 1808, and quoted Spallanzani and Eeaumur as having made the same observation at earlier dates. Carus reported the same observation in 1864, and Dubois confirmed it some twenty years later. Professor Kastle and the writer have been able to perform the same experiment with the American firefly; it is indeed a fact that the photogenic tissue of this insect may be dried, the dry material powdered, and the dry powder kept for some time away from access of moisture, and it will, when moistened in the presence of air or oxygen, glow again; indeed, by careful redrying, the same result may be obtained two or three times on the same specimen of the dry material. Moreover, this dried tissue gives, when moistened, many of the same phenomena with chemical reagents as do the living insect and its freshly detached luminous organ. The property of thus glowing upon moistening after having been dried, does not appear to be confined to the luminous organ of the firefly, but appears to be a constant characteristic of luminous tissue as a class. The main deduction from this fact is that at least three factors are necessary for the production of light by photogenic forms—water, oxygen and some material, as yet unknown, whose oxidation in the presence of water produces light.
Several theories have been advanced from time to time to account for the production of physiologic light. Probably the earliest view was that it was due to the presence of the element phosphorus. That this is not the case is best evidenced by the fact that there are only traces of this element present in the luminous tissues, and that which is present is in the form of phosphates. Yet this is the commonly accepted view of the cause of the phenomenon, and even as recently as 1880, Jousset de Bellesme suggested that the light might be produced by the spontaneous combustion of phosphine. Carradori assumed that the luciole was capable of absorbing from the air or from its food, the "material of light," and of then emanating it again at pleasure.
The fact that the light is unaccompanied by the evolution of measurable amounts of heat certainly shows that if it is indeed a combustion, it is a most remarkable one and one which differs from any analogous process known to us. The view that the light might be the result of oxidation has, however, long been held. Robert Boyle made experiments on this point in 1667, and concluded that the light produced by shining wood and fish was not affected by the absence of air, and was therefore not what we now call a combustion or oxidation. Spallanzani, as the result of his studies on luminous sea forms, came to the opposite conclusion, in which he was opposed by Macartney and Carradori. More recently this phase of the subject has been studied by Dubois, Watasé and Townsend, all of whom have published very interesting observations. As a result of these several observations the conclusion must be drawn that oxygen is essential to the process of the production of physiologic light, and that we have in this phenomenon a true but remarkable form of combustion. Of the mechanism of this process we are still very ignorant. Dubois's theory is that the light is produced as the result of the action of an "oxidase" (oxidizing ferment), to which he has given the name "Luciferase," upon a substance of unknown composition, which he calls "Luciferin," the latter being oxidized by the atmospheric oxygen through the agency of the ferment. It is a little early to accept this hypothesis finally, although it certainly presents some analogy to known processes—for example, the production of the black pigment melanin through the action of the oxidase tyrosinase upon the organic compound tyrosin. Phipson had already described a substance he called "Noctilucin" as the active principle of physiologic light; it seems possible that Phipson isolated and analyzed a culture of photogenic bacteria.
In this connection the structure of the light organs of various animal forms has been given special attention. In general, the results of studies on those forms having special photogenic organs have been essentially similar. Briefly, the luminous organs appear to be masses of cells of some special kind, possibly a fat-derivative, or according to Macaire and Kölliker, an albuminous substance penetrated by a network of trachea (tracheoles), and as the result of some chemical action, apparently oxidation, taking place in these tissues, the light is produced. Whether these tracheoles are in life filled with air or with a liquid seems doubtful; the evidence is contradictory so far as given, but it seems quite probable that they convey air.
What is the purpose of this production of light? Of what value is it to the forms which possess it? This is another side of the "secret of the firefly," which has yet to be solved. Quite probably the function bears some relation to the reproductive life of the insect. The females of the local species (Photinus pyralis K.) give a very much less bright light than, and are quite rare as compared with, the males; one female to from seven to fourteen males seems to be about the proportion. The same condition appears to hold with other species of Lampyridæ also. King states that the female of the Texan form Pleotomus pallens is much more luminous, and rather less active than the male. In addition to the photogenic power, the common firefly is possessed of a strong and characteristic odor; Carradori also notes that the Italian luciole has an odor like that of garlic. Many insects indeed possess odors, but that of the Lampyridæ appears to be especially characteristic of the group.
In conclusion, we may say that while a vast amount of work has already been done on this interesting problem, the production of physiologic light still presents many mysteries which science has yet to explain. Nature keeps her secrets well, but this one seems well worthy of solution; the immediate practical and economic importance may not be so great as has been sometimes assumed, but it is a problem of interest alike for the physicist, the chemist, the biologist and the entomologist, and the scientific world awaits its solution with much curiosity.
↑ Holder, C. F., "Living Lights," Scribner's, 1886, New York; Gadeau de Kerville, "Les Insectes Phosphorescents," Rouen, 1881, 1887; Gadeau de Kerville, "Les Animaux et les Vegetaux Lumineux," Paris, 1891 (German edition by Marshall, Berlin, 1893); Dubois, "Les Elaterides Lumineux," Paris, 1886; Dubois, "Physiological Light," Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., Report for 1895, pp. 413-431.
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About Wikisource | Virginia (then chief of the Division of Chemistry of the Hygienic Laboratory, of the U. S. Public Health and Marine Hospital Service), in a study of the effects of various chemical agents on the emission of light by the common firefly of the country around Washington, Photinus pyralis K. In the progress of this work we had occasion to review the available literature quite thoroughly, and were struck with the lack of acquaintance of people generally with the theories which had been advanced to explain the phenomenon, and with the work which had already been done upon it. The results of this investigation will be published at an early date. In spite of this great amount of work which has been done, the firefly still preserves its secret of "the cheapest form of light," and seems likely to do so for some time yet.
Although the most common and brilliant manifestations of physiologic light are exhibited by the fireflies, this property is by no means confined to the animal kingdom. Various vegetable forms, from the lowest to the highest, have been reported as producing light. There are many varieties of luminous bacteria and molds, whose activity is seen in the luminous decay of fish and wood. Certain agarics and other of the higher fungi are luminous, and the light given by the underground rhizomorphs of fungus growths is among the first of these phenomena to be reported in scientific literature. Of the higher plants, the marigold, the nasturtium and other garden and wild flowers have been said to emit flashes of light—a circumstance attributed by Phipson to electricity. But, for the most part, the light of vegetable forms seems to be pale and often hard to discern, as compared with the brilliancy and glitter of the firefly and other animal forms.
To those not living on the sea-coast, the most common manifestation of the photogenic function is that produced by some variety of the firefly; but there are a large number of marine forms of varying degrees of organization which possess this property, and some of these are common on certain coasts. For the purpose of discussion, the animal forms will be grouped as marine and land forms.
The simplest marine form which emits light is the "Noctiluca" (Noctiluca miliaris), a tiny globule of protoplasm scarcely a millimeter in diameter, which when present—as it usually is—to the extent of millions upon millions, produces the appearance known as the "milky sea" or "phosphorescent sea." Many interesting studies have been made on this little organism, the principal importance of which lies in the fact that it seems to give practically the same reactions as other more highly organized luminous forms. Besides the Noctiluca, certain Beroe and other Ctenophores are often present in immense numbers, and give rise to the same appearance of the milky sea. Higher still, there are a number of Salpæ, and other marine forms which give light, and interesting studies upon them have been made by Panceri, Quatrefages and other scientific men. But perhaps the most remarkable luminous marine organism is the bivalve, Pholas dactylus, known to the French as the "Pholade," and to the Germans as the "Bohrmuschel." This creature has definite luminous organs, whose tissue and secretions are strongly photogenic. It has been the subject of interesting researches by Dubois, and has been shown to react in a manner similar to that of other luminous forms. More recently, certain peculiar organs possessed by deep-sea fish have been determined to be light organs, and thus it appears that in the depths of the sea they need "artificial" light, when the sun's light fails to penetrate, just as on land when the sun is hid.
By far the most brilliant and most commonly known form of physiologic light is that given by the so-called fire-flies; this term embraces a large number of species of insects, mostly Coleoptera (beetles) of two or three genera. Besides these Coleoptera, there are a few luminous forms distributed among the other insects, together with certain myriapods, worms and other occasional forms. In a very few instances luminosity of more highly organized forms has been reported, but for the most part these appear questionable at least. Of the non-coleopterous insects, Diptera (Chironomus) and Hemiptera (Fulgoridæ) are said to be luminous; the hills of the South American termites (Neuropteræ) have also been observed to be luminous.
The majority of the insects commonly called fireflies belong to the genus Lampyridæ, including the Italian luciole (Luciola italica), the English and continental glow-worm (Lampyris noctiluca), the continental firefly (Lampyris splendidula), the American fireflies and "lightning-bugs" (Photinus pyralis, Photuris pennsylvanica, etc.), and a vast number of other luminous insects. Further south, as in Cuba, Mexico and Brazil, the more brilliant insects belong to the genus Elateridæ,-and embrace the cucuyo (Pyrophorus noctilucus and the cucuyana (Pyrophorus physoderus). In India there is said to be a luminous buprestid beetle.
Thus it will be seen that, so far from being a rare phenomenon, the emission of physiologic light is one of well-nigh universal distribution, and appears to be an important function in the life of those organisms possessing photogenic activity.
While most of the facts here given apply primarily to the fireflies, they may, in great part, be taken as true for the entire phenomenon of physiologic light. Different forms may show variations in color, intensity and mode of emission of the light, but basically it all seems to revert to the same cause—a cause as yet, however, unknown.
The light given by luminous insects is usually stated by authors to be greenish or yellowish; a few have claimed to observe insects to emit a reddish or bluish light, and marine forms have been reported to emit a large variety of colors,—red, blue, violet, green, etc.—but the colors are in most cases pale and dim.
Perhaps a dozen investigators have submitted some form of physiologic light to analysis by the spectroscope, and with a few exceptions the results have agreed very well. The best known of these spectroscopic investigations was that of Langley and Very, in 1890. These authors worked with the Cuban cucuyo; briefly, they found that the prism of their spectroscope resolved the light into a narrow band in the yellow and green region of the spectrum, ending somewhat abruptly and showing few red or blue rays; they were unable to find that the light was accompanied by any evolution of heat, such as we ordinarily associate with light produced by combustion or by electric heating, and hence they called the paper presenting their results "The Cheapest Form of Light." This valuable research has recently been confirmed by Drs. Ives and Coblentz, working in the National Bureau of Standards, in Washington, and using more sensitive instruments than were available to Professor Langley and his coworker. Ives and Coblentz found that the light of the common firefly (Photinus pyralis K.), was resolved by the spectroscope into "an unsymmetrical, structureless band" in the red, yellow and green, but not extending further than wave length 0.67 μ {\displaystyle 0.67\mu } toward the red end of the spectrum, nor than wave length 0.51 μ {\displaystyle 0.51\mu } toward the violet end. From the facts at hand it seems extremely unlikely that the spectrum could be discontinuous and renewed in the infra-red or ultra-violet non-visible portions of the solar spectrum.
The remarkable fact which these researches bring out is the extremely high luminous or radiant efficiency of the light. This was estimated by Langley and Very at 100 per cent., and has been shown by Ives and Coblentz to be about 96 per cent. In other words, 96 per cent, of the total energy radiated by the firefly is exclusively illuminating radiation, and does not embrace heat or other subordinate effects. This is the more remarkable when it is considered that the best artificial illuminant has a luminous efficiency of only 4 per cent., and most of them run less than 1 per cent. Of course, this does not mean that the mechanical or chemical processes resulting in the production of the light have an equally high efficiency—that is quite another matter. But it does mean that for a given amount of radiation, the firefly produces the greatest amount of luminous radiation.
But even if we should discover the means by which the firefly produces its light, we should hardly care to use it in our homes. The insect has indeed reached the highest possible radiant efficiency, but it has been accomplished at a sacrifice of color variety that makes the light worse for color effects than even the ghastly green of the mercury vapor arc. Anything not within a very limited range of yellow and green tones would appear black.
The spectrum of the light of some of the organisms which have been reported to give reddish, bluish or other variously colored lights, is said to differ from that of the firefly.
Another very interesting fact brought out by these observers (Ives and Coblentz) is that there may be extracted from the common firefly (Photinus pyralis K.) a substance which is fluorescent in certain lights, and that the spectrum of the bluish fluorescent light of this substance is complementary to that of the light emitted by the insect itself—that is, the spectrum of this fluorescent light occupies that portion of the spectrum lying between the green and the violet. The presence of this fluorescent substance may, of course, be merely a coincidence; these same authors found a similar substance in a non-luminous species of the same genus, and various observers have extracted fluorescent substances from different organisms; but if it is a coincidence, it is certainly a remarkable one. Dubois | 2,128 |
Apple TV in-depth
by Mahmoud | Mar 1, 2021 | General | 0 comments
The Apple TV is not an actual TV as the name would suggest, it's rather a media player device to watch videos, listen to music, play games, display internet content and use other types of apps from the Internet on your smart TV.
The company introduced two models; Apple TV 4K and HD.
The Apple TV 4K comes with higher picture quality, with 4K Ultra HD and HDR video support and other high-end features. It comes in 32GB and<|fim_middle|> a cable/satellite package, to access shows from specific networks.
Related Post: 6 Reasons Why to buy an Apple Homepod
Apple TV supports Apple Music, and comes with built-in Pandora and Sirius XM apps.
However, you will need the Airplay feature to stream music from other music streaming services.
You can download various games from the Apple-TV App Store, and enjoy your favorite game on a bigger screen even using a third-party controller.
Using various Apps
Through Apple TV you can download and use various apps, whether it's social media, photo sharing, shopping and/ or weather.
You can even stream Video and Audio from a Mac, iPhone or iPad. Or you can use the Airplay feature on your Apple device to mirror streaming video and audio content to your TV through Apple.
Mirror Your iOS Device's Screen
Also, if you want to stream any other content from your device, you can use the Airplay feature to mirror whatever on your phone or iPad on your TV.
You can check your email, browse a website on TV screen or others.
Generally Apple products come with a high price tag, and may come with less features than other similar products in the market.
The Apple TV was late to supporting 4k and HDR content, it supported this kind of content after a year from Amazon Fire TV, Roku and Google Chromecast did.
Apple doesn't support a USB port unlike its competitors.
On the other hand, the AirPlay feature is easier to use than similar Android features. Although, you have to have an Apple device to use it.
And we can't go without mentioning how Siri does a great job in voice control, especially when it comes to spelling words and numbers in text fields.
Of course, having an Apple TV would be a perfect addition to your smart devices if you already have an Apple ecosystem.
If you are looking for other options in the market, we recommend checking Amazon Fire TV or Roku streaming devices. Those two come with a lower price and a punch of other features that are not in the Apple.
How to set up your Apple TV
The setting up process is easy, and takes just a couple of minutes.
Connect the Apple TV to your TV and plug it in.
Switch the input on your TV for the port you're using.
Connect the Apple to the Internet.
Connect to the content providers you want to stream from. | 64GB variations, which are sold for 179$ and 199$ respectively.
On the other hand, Apple-TV HD supports 1080p HD picture quality and retails for 149$.
Common features in both Apple TV 4K and HD
Dedicated TV app store: which offers guidance and search capabilities across various apps
Voice control through the virtual assistant Siri
Remote control with swiping touchpad which can be used as a motion controller to play compatible video games, volume and other buttons, Bluetooth
Compatible with third-party controllers
Can be paired with Apple AirPod and AirPod Pro headphones
Apple TV functions
stream Videos
Apple TV has its own digital videos platform; on top of that, you can stream videos on various digital platforms such as Netflix, Amazon Video, Hulu, YouTube, etc.
Apple launched its own streaming service, Apple TV+, in 2019, which you can subscribe in for 4.99$ a month.
By buying Apple TV 4K, you will get a free year subscription in this service.
This means that you have to have an account in a streaming service, whether free or paid, to be able to watch content on your Apple TV.
If you want to check the availability of a certain streaming content provider on Apple TV+, you will have to Google it; as the company doesn't have a list of the supported apps.
You can also subscribe in | 300 |
Hilton Garden Inn in Upper Macungie sells for $15 million
By The Morning Call
Hilton Garden Hotel (COURTESY PHOTO | MCR )
UPPER MACUNGIE TOWNSHIP —
New York-based hotel operator MCR, which earlier this year sold two Lehigh County hotels, has acquired the Hilton Garden Inn in Upper Macungie Township for $15 million, the company said Tuesday.
"We are very pleased to make this investment in the Lehigh Valley, a region MCR has successfully invested in previously," said Tyler Morse, CEO and managing partner of MCR, said in a news release.
Lehigh County property records show MCR acquired the 111-room hotel from Keystone Lodging Enterprises LP, a holding company. Keystone had the hotel built around 2001, according to Joe Dellisanti, who is MCR's vice president of acquisitions and development.
In June, M<|fim_middle|> operations, such as Mack Trucks, Nestle and Amazon. It is also within close proximity to a host of area attractions. Hotel amenities include an indoor pool, fitness center and free Wi-Fi, according to the release.
-- Anthony Salamone | CR sold its only two area hotels, both Homewood Suites by Hilton, in Upper Macungie and Bethlehem, respectively, as part of a $407.4 million deal involving a Canadian real estate trust that covered 18 hotels across five northeastern states.
For privately held MCR, which has developed 95 hotels in 25 states, the offer to sell was too good to pass up, and it was just a matter of time before the company returned to the Lehigh Valley, given the region's economic growth, according to Dellisanti. "We saw it as a good opportunity to get back into the market," he said.
The 230 Sycamore Road hotel, which is off Route 100 and close to Interstate 78, is near major manufacturing and distribution | 167 |
St. Paul is an active member of the Bloomington social services community, and we embrace the call to care for the most vulnerable members of God's family. A number of opportunities are described below. Thank you for your interest in helping us fulfill our mission.
Share the joy of Christmas with others by giving gifts to families in need in the Bloomington community during the Christmas season. Thirty-five sponsor families are needed to work with one or two families who have requested assistance. Time commitment is approximately two to three hours during Advent.
The Pro-Life Committee educates people on the sanctity of life at all stages, and helps serve women facing crisis pregnancies and their families. Members promote and serve in the Gabriel Project, volunteer at the Crisis Pregnancy Center and provide educational outreach to the community, among other activities.
The shelter provides a warm, safe place to sleep in a low-barrier setting for individuals experiencing homelessness during the winter from Nov. 1 to March 31, seven days a week, from 9:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m. St. Paul is responsible for Tuesday nights, when about 30 volunteers are needed. There are a number of different volunteer shifts during the evening, overnight and into the morning. Contact Jane Walter for more information.
Beginning with prayer and reflection, we aim to be a parish activist group inspired and guided by the principles of Catholic social teaching: Life and dignity of the human person; call to family, community<|fim_middle|>, our national Catholic peace organization. There are monthly meetings.
We provide comfort, support and prayers for newly baptized babies, cancer patients, and others in need of healing in our parish and in the Bloomington community by knitting, crocheting and sewing blankets, shawls, and wraps to convey, in a very tangible way, our concern and prayers for those who need either spiritual or physical healing. The group meets monthly.
Teens looking to get involved in service with the greater community can join this younger St. Vincent de Paul Society subgroup, the Mini Vinnies. This teen-centered group creates and carries out service opportunities for those in need. Mini Vinnies meet one Sunday a month and carry out service projects as planned.
Seeking a way to help others? The St. Vincent de Paul Society is a not-for-profit organization dedicated to serving, with dignity and compassion, those who are in need. Volunteers staff telephone hotlines, make home visits, provide referrals to other social service agencies, and offer financial assistance in some instances. Warehouse volunteers collect donated furniture and appliances and distribute those items to clients in need.
Our goal is to help alleviate global poverty. St. Paul Catholic Center partners with Kiva, a not-for-profit agency, to provide microloans to individuals around the world, without regard for race, nationality, religion, or gender. Three-member teams browse the Kiva website to select a loan recipient, determine the amount of the loan and monitor repayment. Semiannual meetings run about an hour.
Rooted in faith and committed to providing help, creating hope and serving all, Catholic Charities Bloomington offers mental health services to children, adults and families. The all-volunteer CCB Advisory Council participates in community relations efforts, outreach, advocacy, and fund-raising . Join us. You can make a difference in the lives of the people we serve. | , and participation; rights of workers; solidarity; and care for God's creation. We raise awareness and encourage action, work with groups both local and beyond, and hold membership in Pax Christi USA | 40 |
Richardus J. Boucherie
Full Professor, Mathematics of Operations Research
Time-limited and k-limited polling systems: a matrix analytic solution
Al Hanbali, A., de Haan, R., Boucherie, R. J. & van Ommeren, J. C. W., 2008, The 3rd International Workshop on Tools for Solving Structured Markov Chains (SMCTools). Gent, Belgium: ICST, p. - 10 p.
Advances in emergency networking
de Graaf, M., van den Berg, H. L., Boucherie, R. J., Elfrink, H., Heemstra de Groot, S. M., de Haan, R., te Marvelde, A., van Ommeren, J. C. W., Roijers, F., Stemerdink, J. & Tromp, E., 2007, p. 1-6. 6 p.
An average case analysis of the minimum spanning tree heuristic for the range assignment problem
Boucherie, R. J. & de Graaf, M., Oct 2007, Enschede: University of Twente, Department of Applied Mathematics. 21 p. (Memorandum / Department of Applied Mathematics; no. LNCS4549/1857)
An upper bound on multi-hop wireless network performance
Coenen, T. J. M., de Graaf, M. & Boucherie, R. J., 2007, International Teletraffic Congress, ITC-20 2007. Mason, L., Drwiega, T. & Yan, J. (eds.). Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer, p. 335-347 13 p. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 4516, no. Paper P-NS).
A polling model with an autonomous server
de Haan, R., Boucherie, R. J. & van Ommeren, J. C. W., Jul 2007, Enschede: Stochastic Operations Research (SOR). 22 p. (Memorandum / Department of Applied Mathematics; no. 128/1845)
A tandem queueing model for delay analysis in disconnected ad hoc networks
Al Hanbali, A., de Haan, R., Boucherie, R. J. & van Ommeren, J. C. W., Dec 2007, Enschede: University of Twente, Department of Applied Mathematics. 13 p. (Memorandum / Department of Applied Mathematics; no. Supplement/1861)
Easy Wireless: broadband ad-hoc networking for emergency services
de Graaf, M., van den Berg, H. L., Boucherie, R. J., Brouwer, F., de Bruin, I. C. C., Elfrink, H., Fernandez-Diaz, I., Heemstra de Groot, S. M., de Haan, R., de Jongh, J., Nunez, S., van Ommeren, J. C. W., Roijers, F., Stemerdink, J. & Tromp, E., 5 Mar 2007, The Sixth Annual Mediterranean Ad Hoc Networking Workshop. Corfu, Greece: Ionian University, p. - 8 p.
Het antwoord of de vraag
Boucherie, R. J., May 2007, Enschede: Universiteit Twente. 30 p.
Research output: Book/Report › Inaugural speech › Other research output
Noise load management at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol
Meerburg, T. R., Boucherie, R. J. & van Kraaij, M. J. A. L., Dec 2007, Enschede: University of Twente, Department of Applied Mathematics. 28 p. (Memorandum / Department of Applied Mathematics; no. FS-07-05/1859)
Optimal downlink rate allocation in multicell CDMA networks
Endrayanto, A. I., Gabor, A. F. & Boucherie, R. J., 2007, p. 297-308. 12 p.
Optimal joint rate and power allocation in CDMA networks
Boucherie, R. J., Endrayanto, A. I. & Gabor, A. F., 2007, Algorithmic Aspects in Information and Management: Third International Conference, AAIM 2007, Portland, OR, USA, June 6-8, 2007. Proceedings. Kao, M-Y. & Li, X-Y. (eds.). Berlin: Springer, p. 201-210 10 p. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 4508).
The impact of interference on optimal multi-path routing in ad hoc networks
de Haan, R., Boucherie, R. J. & van Ommeren, J. C. W., Jul 2007, Enschede: University of<|fim_middle|>ens, R. & Boucherie, R. J., 2002, Enschede: University of Twente, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences. (Memorandum / Faculty of Mathematical Sciences; no. 1649)
Research output: Book/Report › Report › Other research output
Contact Richardus J. Boucherie | Twente, Department of Applied Mathematics. 14 p. (Memorandum / Department of Applied Mathematics; no. 128/1846)
de Haan, R., Boucherie, R. J. & van Ommeren, J. C. W., Sep 2007, Managing Traffic Performance in Converged Networks, Proceedings International Teletraffic Congress, ITC-20. Mason, L., Drwiega, T. & Yan, J. (eds.). Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer, p. 803-815 13 p. 10.1007/978-3-540-72990-7_70. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 4516, no. Paper P-NS).
A combinatorial approximation algorithm for CDMA downlink rate allocation
Boucherie, R. J., Bumb, A. F., Endrayanto, A. I. & Woeginger, G., 2006, Telecommunications Planning: Innovations in pricing, network design and management. Raghavan, S. & Anandalingam, G. (eds.). Berlin: Springer, p. 275-293 19 p. (Operations Research/Computer Science Interfaces; vol. 33).
Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › Academic › peer-review
Adaptive dynamic capacity borrowing in road-covering mobile networks
Ule, A. & Boucherie, R. J., 2006, Resource allocation in next generation wireless networks. Li, W. & Pan, Y. (eds.). New York: Nova Science, p. 67-87 21 p. (Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing; vol. 5, no. Volume 5).
Architectural and QoS aspects of Personal Networks
Coenen, T. J. M., Goering, P. T. H., Jehangir, A., van den Berg, H. L., Boucherie, R. J., Heemstra de Groot, S. M., Heijenk, G., Dhillon, S. S., Lu, W., Lo, A., van Mieghem, P. & Niemegeers, I. G. M. M., Jul 2006, Proceedings of First International Workshop on Personalized Networks, PerNets 2006. Piscataway: IEEE, p. 1-3 3 p.
Architectural aspects of QoS-aware personal networks
Coenen, T. J. M., Goering, P. T. H., Jehangir, A., van den Berg, H. L., Boucherie, R. J., Heemstra de Groot, S. M., Heijenk, G., Dhillon, S. S., Lu, W., Lo, A., van Mieghem, P. F. A. & Niemegeers, I. G. M. M., Jun 2006, Enschede: Toegepaste Wiskunde. 10 p. (Memorandum TW; no. 1802)
Insensitive bounds for the moments of the sojourn time distribution in the M/G/1 processor-sharing queue
Cheung, S. K. (ed.), Cheung, S. K. (ed.), van den Berg, H. L. & Boucherie, R. J., Jun 2006, In : Queueing systems. 53, 1-2, p. 7-18 12 p., 10.1007/s11134-006-7583-y.
Monotonicity and error bounds for networks of Erlang loss queues
Boucherie, R. J. & van Dijk, N. M., 10 Jan 2006, Enschede: Toegepaste Wiskunde. 32 p. (Applied Mathematics Memoranda; no. 1790)
A flow level model for wireless multihop ad hoc network throughput
Coenen, T. J. M., van den Berg, H. L. & Boucherie, R. J., 18 Jul 2005, Proceedings of the 3rd International Working Conference on Performance modelling and Evaluation of Heterogeneous Networks HET-NETs '05. Bradford UK: Networks UK Publishers, p. 1-10 9 p.
An analytical model for CDMA downlink rate optimization taking into account uplink coverage restrictions
Endrayanto, A. I., van den Berg, H. L. & Boucherie, R. J., 2005, In : Performance evaluation. 59, 2-3, p. 225-246 22 p.
Analytical Model
An analytical packet/flow-level modelling approach for wireless LANs with Quality-of-Service support
Cheung, S. K., van den Berg, H. L., Boucherie, R. J., Litjens, R. & Roijers, F., 2005, Enschede: University of Twente, Department of Applied Mathematics. 12 p. (Memorandum Faculty of Mathematical Sciences; no. 1767)
Cheung, S. K., van den Berg, H. L., Boucherie, R. J., Litjens, R. & Roijers, F., 2005, Proceedings 19th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC19) - Performance Challenges for Efficient Next Generation Networks. Beijing, China: Beijing University Post and Telecommunications Press, p. 1651-1662 12 p.
Decomposing the queue length distribution of processor-sharing models into queue lengths of permanent customer queues
Cheung, S. K., van den Berg, H. L. & Boucherie, R. J., 2005, Enschede: University of Twente, Department of Applied Mathematics. 16 p. (Memorandum Faculty of Mathematical Sciences; no. 1753)
Cheung, S. K. (ed.), van den Berg, H. L. & Boucherie, R. J., Oct 2005, In : Performance evaluation. 62, 1-4, p. 100-116 17 p., 10.1016/j.peva.2005.07.009.
Efficient estimation of blocking probabilities in non-stationary loss-networks
Boucherie, R. J. & Lassila, P., 29 Aug 2005, Performance Challenges for Efficient Next Generation Networks, Volume 6b. Beijing, China: Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, p. -
Managing the overflow of intensive care patients
van Rijsbergen, M., Boucherie, R. J., van Houdenhoven, M. & Litvak, N., 2005, Enschede: University of Twente, Department of Applied Mathematics. 16 p. (Memorandum; no. 1768)
Boucherie, R. J., Bumb, A. F., Endrayanto, A. I. & Woeginger, G., 2004, Enschede: University of Twente, Department of Applied Mathematics. 16 p. (Memorandum Faculty of Mathematical Sciences; no. 1724)
A multiple-choice knapsack based algorithm for CDMA downlink rate differentiation under uplink coverage restrictions
Endrayanto, A. I., Bumb, A. F. & Boucherie, R. J., 2004, Enschede: University of Twente, Department of Applied Mathematics. 15 p. (Memorandum Faculty of Mathematical Sciences; no. 1728)
Boucherie, R. J., Bumb, A. F. & Endrayanto, A. I., 30 Aug 2004, Proceedings 16th ITC Specialist Seminar on Performance Evaluation of Wireless and Mobile Systems. Blondia, C. (ed.). Antwerp: University of Antwerp, p. -
Analysis of flow transfer times in IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs
Litjens, R., Roijers, F., van den Berg, H. L., Boucherie, R. J. & Fleuren, M., 12 Nov 2004, In : Annales des telecommunications. 59, 11-12, p. 1407-1432 26 p., 10.1007/BF03179728.
Throughputs in processor sharing models for integrated stream and elastic traffic
Litjens, R., van den Berg, H. L. & Boucherie, R. J., 2004, Enschede: University of Twente, Department of Applied Mathematics. 29 p. (Memorandum Faculty of Mathematical Sciences; no. 1708)
An analytical model for CDMA downlink rate optimization taking into account uplink coverage restriction
Endrayanto, A. I., van den Berg, H. L. & Boucherie, R. J., 2003, Enschede: University of Twente, Department of Applied Mathematics. 25 p. (Memorandum Faculty of Mathematical Sciences; no. 1699)
Arrival first queueing networks with applications in kanban production systems
Boucherie, R. J., Chao, X. & Miyazawa, M., 2003, In : Performance evaluation. 51, 2-4, p. 83-102 20 p., 10.1016/S0166-5316(02)00090-1.
Characterizing CDMA downlink feasibility via effective interference
Endrayanto, A. I., van den Berg, H. L. & Boucherie, R. J., 21 Jul 2003, p. -. 11 p.
Elastic calls in an integrated services network: the greater the call size variability the better the QoS
Litjens, R. & Boucherie, R. J., 2003, In : Performance evaluation. 52, 4, p. 193-220 28 p., 10.1016/S0166-5316(02)00191-8.
On the distribution of calls in a wireless network driven by fluid traffic
Ule, A. & Boucherie, R. J., 16 May 2003, In : European journal of operational research. 147, 1, p. 146-155 10 p., 10.1016/S0377-2217(02)00242-4.
Performance analysis of wireless LANs: an integrated packet/flow level approach
Litjens, R., Roijers, F., van den Berg, H. L., Boucherie, R. J. & Fleuren, M., 2003, p. 1-18. 18 p.
Litjens, R., Roijers, F., van den Berg, H. L., Boucherie, R. J. & Fleuren, M., 2003, Enschede: University of Twente, Department of Applied Mathematics. (Memorandum Faculty of Mathematical Sciences; no. 1676)
Performance analysis of WLANs: an integrated packet/flow level approach
Litjens, R., Roijers, F., van den Berg, H. L., Boucherie, R. J. & Fleuren, M. J., 31 Aug 2003, Providing Quality of Service in Heterogeneous Environments: Proceedings of the 18 International Teletraffic Congress - ITC-18 Berlin, Germany. Charzinski, J., Lehnert, R. & Tran-Gia, P. (eds.). Elsevier Science, p. 931-940 10 p. (Teletraffic science and engineering; vol. 5).
Transient handover blocking probabilities in road covering cellular mobile networks
Boucherie, R. J. & van der Wal, J., 2003, In : Computer networks. 42, 4, p. 537-550 14 p., 10.1016/S1389-1286(03)00214-7.
A solvable queueing network model for railway networks and its validation and applications for the Netherlands
Huisman, T., Boucherie, R. J. & van Dijk, N. M., Oct 2002, In : European journal of operational research. 142, 1, p. 30-51 22 p.
Blocking probabilities in mobile communications networks with time-varying rates ad redialing subscribers
Abdalla, N. & Boucherie, R. J., Apr 2002, In : Annals of operations research. 112, 1-4, p. 15-34 20 p.
CDMA coverage under mobile heterogeneous network load
Saban, D., van den Berg, H. L., Boucherie, R. J. & Endrayanto, A. I., 2002, Proceedings of the 56th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference 2002. Piscataway: IEEE Computer Society, p. 326-330 5 p.
Efficient estimation of blocking probabilities in non-stationary loss networks
Boucherie, R. J. & Lassila, P., 2002, Enschede: University of Twente, Department of Applied Mathematics. 21 p. (Memorandum Faculty of Mathematical Sciences; no. 1648)
Litjens, R. & Boucherie, R. J., 2002, Enschede: University of Twente, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences. 25 p. (Memorandum Faculty of Mathematical Sciences; no. 1618)
On the structure of the space of geometric product-form models
Bayer, N. & Boucherie, R. J., 2002, In : Probability in the engineering and informational sciences. 16, 2, p. 241-270 30 p., 10.1017/S0269964802162073.
Performance analysis of downlink shared channels in a UMTS network
Litj | 3,279 |
astm a204grb manufacturers, steel,Hot sell astm a204grb manufacturers, Mild Cold Rolled steel plate stock in China,China astm a204grb manufacturers, Mild Cold Rolled steel plate factory. Keeps more than 10,000 tons hot rolled and cold rolled astm a204grb manufacturers, Mild Cold Rolled steel plate in stock each month. We can meet our customer's any quantity request. Based on these stock source, our advantage industry spread into steel process like : cutting ( any size and any shape ) drilling, welding, milling, machining and steel structure. We also have a high quality logistics team who make sure the fast delivery time and shipment. Anyway, if you want to find astm a204grb manufacturers, Mild Cold Rolled steel plate plate/sheet supplier, astm a20<|fim_middle|>1010 equivalent for Luxembour.
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Home > alloy steel>A204Grb uns. Product Categories. Carbon Steel. corten steel welding pdf. jis g 3101 ss400. s460n material. qste 340 steel. s335j2g3 steel us equivalent. what is equivalent astm aisi hrb. normalizing plate purpose for To. en 10025 s275jr for Aosta. specification of fe410 for Shaog. SAE | 342 |
2015 Ford Taurus SEL Video<|fim_middle|> for your vehicle. Please don't hesitate to give us a call. | | VIN: 1FAHP2H85FG202889 | O'Daniel Ford Inc.
Sensibility and practicality define the 2015 Ford Taurus. With fewer than 45,000 miles on the odometer, this 4 door sedan prioritizes comfort, safety and convenience. It features all-wheel drive versatility, an automatic transmission, and a 3.5 liter 6 cylinder engine. Ford infused the interior with top shelf amenities, such as: variably intermittent wipers, a power seat, front bucket seats, fully automatic headlights, tilt and telescoping steering wheel, cruise control, and a split folding rear seat. Safety equipment has been integrated throughout, including: dual front impact airbags, front side impact airbags, traction control, brake assist, a panic alarm, and 4 wheel disc brakes with ABS. For added security, dynamic Stability Control supplements the drivetrain. We'd also be happy to help you arrange financing | 203 |
Stunning and sophisticated 5-bedroom Lang Ranch pool home shows like model! Entertainer's backyard with complete privacy. Gorgeous, remodeled kitchen boasts huge center island, glass tile backsplash, marble counters, Thermador range with double oven, farmhouse sink, & stainless steel appliances. Charming family room, with brick fireplace and beautiful custom built-in, is open to the kitchen. Wide-planked wood floors, designer paint, crown molding, & recessed lighting throughout the downstairs. Formal living room and dining room have vaulted ceilings and are accented by the stunning wrought iron staircase. Downstairs bedroom or office with full bathroom. Upstairs master suite has wood floors, soaking tub and separate shower, dual vanities, and huge, customized walk-in closet. Three additional bedrooms are spacious, have walk<|fim_middle|> panels. Close to popular hiking/biking trails, park, and award-wining Lang Ranch Elementary.
Please send more information about 2568 AUTUMN RIDGE, Thousand Oaks, CA 91362. Thank you. | -in closets, and share a hall bath. Indoor laundry room and smart mud ''room'' built-in. Resort-like pebble tec pool & spa, rock waterfall, and stainless BBQ center with beverage fridge. 3-car garage and no HOA. Low electric bills due to solar | 56 |
Stuntman confronts renal cell carcinoma with art, music
BY Mena El-Sharkawi
If you ask Tracy E. Thomas, living with cancer becomes much easier when you learn to shift your focus to something else. For him, that's meant turning to filmmaking.
"It keeps me alive, and it sustains me," he says.
In fact, this is part of the reason the feature film stuntman refused to turn down opportunities to work on blockbuster movies such as "The Hunger Games: Catching Fire" and "Dawn of the Planet of the Apes" while receiving treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma, a type of kidney cancer, here at MD Anderson.
"Continuing to work and stay involved in movies is what I needed," he says.
Facing renal cell carcinoma
Tracy was first diagnosed with kidney cancer almost two decades ago.
In 1998, when he was 29, Tracy underwent surgery to remove his left kidney and adrenal gland following the discovery of a malignant tumor. The surgery put him in remission. But in 2012, while Tracy flying to Los Angeles for a stunt car-driving class, he began to experience an irregular heartbeat.
"I thought I just had too much coffee," he says.
But by the end of the weekend, it became clear something else was wrong.
"On the plane ride back, my heartbeat started to feel like my fists rolling in my chest, and it happened 15 times on the flight home," he says.
When Tracy returned to his home in Louisiana, he went to his doctor. That visit turned into a hospital admission and then a diagnosis: his cancer had returned and metastasized. He had stage IV renal cell carcinoma.
Within days, Tracy underwent surgery and had 65% of his pancreas and his lymph nodes removed. A month later, he had a thoracotomy, an incision into his chest.
A life-saving second opinion
After the surgery, doctors gave Tracy a clean bill of health, but suggested he come to MD Anderson for follow-up care. That recommendation saved his life.
"First thing the doctors at MD Anderson did is re-scan me, and guess what? There were tumors right next to the tumors that they took," he says.
Tracy's oncologist, Eric Jonasch, M.D., told him there were more tumors on his lungs, adrenal glands and an inoperable<|fim_middle|> results.
"Shrinkage all over," he says.
His kidney and lung tumors are nearly gone now, though a small adrenal gland tumor is slowly growing and may require surgery in the future.
Living to the tune of music and art
Until then, Tracy is coping with cancer in the best way he knows how: by immersing himself in what he loves most -- movies, art and music.
"I don't ask about my prognosis. I don't ask how long someone's lived because it doesn't concern me," he says. "I'm just going to keep doing my thing."
He's also started a foundation to help other survivors express themselves through music and art.
And though Tracy doesn't like to think about his cancer, his appreciation for MD Anderson is at the top of his mind.
"Everyone at MD Anderson is competent and compassionate at the same time," he says. "Coming here is singularly the best experience I've ever had, except for becoming a parent and getting married."
Surgery Symptoms Kidney Cancer Metastasis Survivorship Heart Chemotherapy Clinical Trials
Read More by Mena El-Sharkawi
Tracy E. Thomas
Continuing to work and stay involved in movies is what I needed. | location on his right kidney. He needed more treatment immediately.
Dr. Jonasch first put Tracy on Interleukin-2, but his body didn't respond to the drug, so in 2013, Tracy enrolled in a clinical trial for Votriant, an oral chemotherapy drug. He immediately saw | 65 |
Selvagens Islands
The rugged<|fim_middle|>'s most impressive footage of underwater diversity.
Discover Galápagos Islands | , inhospitable Ilhas Selvagens, or Savage Islands, have frustrated centuries of colonization attempts. Located nearly midway between Madeira and the Canary Islands in the North Atlantic, this small archipelago is today Portugal's southernmost territory, comprised of two main islands and multiple islets that remain uninhabited by all but a hardy few.
In recognition of their importance as a nesting point for numerous bird species—including the Atlantic's largest breeding colony of Cory's shearwaters—the Selvagens were designated as a natural reserve by Portugal in 1971. They are now part of the country's Madeira Nature Park, whose rangers are the sole occupants of the remote outpost, sharing the harsh landscape with the endemic Selvagens gecko.
Offshore, shipwrecks litter the marine landscape, the work of violent oceanic swells that, while dangerous on the surface, also churn up nutrients below, creating a rich environment for sea life. As part of the nature park, the islands' surrounding waters are protected out to 12 miles and to a depth of 200 meters.
Little was known about the Selvagens' undersea environment prior to the September 2016 Pristine Seas expedition, launched in partnership with the Waitt Foundation. But over the course of the ten-day expedition, the team found that the open waters around the islands appear to be a vital waypoint for migrating fish and mammals in the Atlantic and that intermediate depths and reefs may serve as important nursery habitat.
To make these assessments, the team conducted what was among the first underwater surveys of the ecosystem—from the shallows to the depths—and filmed the biodiversity around the islands. Using high-tech equipment such as midwater pelagic cameras and drop cams, the team was able to assess pelagic communities and deep-sea habitats in addition to the shallow flora and fauna observed during dives.
Together, the deep and midwater cameras deployed on the expedition captured some of the Pristine Seas project | 402 |
Astro Energy Group Introduces Innovative Emergency Mobile Data Center.
SAN DIEGO -- Astro Energy Group today hosted a launch event for its new Emergency Mobile Data Center (EMDC) designed for commercial use as an onsite digital information backup unit. This innovative, portable technology is the first of its kind in the nation with the ability to provide supplemental and emergency power and data backup to hospitals, military bases, and manufacturing plants, among other large facilities and campuses. Before an audience of San Diego political and business leaders, Astro Energy Group CEO James Masias introduced the EMDC and provided full access and guided tours of the unit, which will soon be delivered for use at El Centro Regional Medical Center.
Should a natural disaster or other crisis happen (as did the El Centro, California earthquake of April 2010), the EMDC ensures that essential building functions will be maintained and critical electronic records can be preserved--instantly addressing public safety concerns, and subsequently, business integrity and privacy matters. Ultimately, the EMDC provides a scalable, energy-efficient resource that meets critical power needs in a timely and cost-effective manner. Without an operational data center, many life-saving services and technology functions could be greatly impaired,<|fim_middle|> near San Diego, California.
The debut EMDC is housed in a 12 feet x 60 feet retrofitted trailer, and as customized for El Centro Regional Medical Center, is compliant with California's Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD) requirements.Astro Energy Group met these requirements by procuring a lightly used MRI trailer in Alaska and relocating it to San Diego, where the MRI equipment was removed and recycled. Subsequently, through innovative design, the trailer was refurbished to meet the requirements of OSHPD, as well as all data services requirements.
For pictures of the event click here. For a media kit on ASTRO Energy Group, contact Michael Chalker at the address below.
Astro Energy Group began as a partnership between two of Southern California's most successful contracting firms, Chula Vista Electric and Astro Mechanical Services. Additional synergies were created by securing access to the capital markets by partnering with leading investment banks, engineering firms with a global footprint, cutting-edge technology manufacturers, and specialized affiliate partners.
Fitch Downgrades Kodak's IDR to 'CCC'; Outlook Remains Negative.
Gulf Island Fabrication, Inc. Reports Fourth Quarter Earnings. | resulting in slow response times and the inability to provide real-time data.
The EMDC has garnered strong, nationwide interest from both the public and private sector for its variety of uses, and locally, for its potential economic impact through job creation. Astro Energy Group and its ongoing development and manufacturing of the EMDC are based in Chula Vista, | 68 |
Never Let Me Go (2005) is a novel<|fim_middle|>Three Kisses | by British author Kazuo Ishiguro. It was shortlisted for the 2005 Booker Prize (an award Ishiguro had previously won in 1989 for The Remains of the Day), for the 2006 Arthur C. Clarke Award and for the 2005 National Book Critics Circle Award. Time magazine named it the best fiction novel of 2005 and included the novel in its TIME 100 Best English-language Novels from 1923 to 2005. It also received an ALA Alex Award in 2006.
Contemporary FictionContemporary European Fiction"Contemporary European Fiction" Series
Kazuo Ishiguro is a British novelist. Born in Nagasaki, Japan, his family moved to England in 1960. Ishiguro obtained his Bachelor's degree from University of Kent in 1978 and his Master's from the University of East Anglia's creative writing course in 1980. He became a British citizen in 1982. He now lives in London with his wife Lorna MacDougall and daughter Naomi.
He was featured in the first two Granta Best of Young British Novelists: 1983 and 1993. He won the Whitbread Prize in 1986 for his second novel, An Artist of the Floating World. He won the Booker Prize in 1989 for his third novel, The Remains of the Day. An Artist of the Floating World, When We Were Orphans and his most recent book, Never Let Me Go, were both short-listed for the Booker Prize, with the latter being named the runner-up. In 1998, he was awarded the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture. On Time magazine's 2005 list of the 100 greatest English language books since the magazine formed in 1923, Never Let Me Go was the most recently published book on the list.
Waiting for Bojangles
Olivier Bourdeaut
Three Floors Up
Pawel Huelle
The Sorrows of an American
Warded Man
Angel Kuyumdzhiyski. Life between Precipices and Peaks
Petko Mangachev
How the Little Claus Became Santa Claus
Hotel Bosphorus
Esmahan Aykol
The Year of the Hare
Behind the Scenes at the Museum
Summer around Your Neck
Guy Goffette
Ida Hegazi Høyer
An Uncertain Place
Laughable Loves
The Complete Cosmicomics
The Turtles' Slow Waltz
| 561 |
Home / Internationals / South Africa / Springboks expect tougher Pumas than Jaguares
Springboks expect tougher Pumas than Jaguares
By Rugby Week on 9th August 2016
Johan Van Graan says that Pumas will be a lot tougher than the Jaguares<|fim_middle|> both said the Boks won't be playing the Lions game plan.
"I think the Lions were fantastic in getting over the advantage line. Their ball carriers run very hard with Elton taking the ball up flat. They made a lot of passes, but their forwards got over the advantage line," he explained.
"Yes, so there is a bit of perception there. I thought they varied their play well and were fantastic off broken field play once the opposition gave them a turnover.
"In rugby you learn every day, I think we took something from each of our franchises, and the Lions did fantastically in Super Rugby. You can learn every day."
Related ItemsSpringboksSouth AfricaRugbyPumasArgentinaRugby ChampionshipFour Nations4 NationsFour Nations Rugby Championship4 Nations Championship
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Springboks assistant coach Johan van Graan says that they are expecting Argentina to perform much higher than the Jaguares in the Rugby Championship.
The Jaguares contested Super Rugby this season with the same players that will contest the Rugby Championship but Van Graan says they will be a lot tougher to beat.
The new Argentina Super Rugby franchise finished the season in 13th place but Van Graan says their Super Rugby form is not a reflection of how they will play in the Rugby Championship.
"You've just got to watch them when they sing the anthem – to see what it means to play for Argentina," Van Graan told SuperSport.
"That's what we take out of it. Once they put on that Argentinean jersey they are a different team.
"They've got world class players in their team, and Super Rugby poses a different threat to test match rugby.
"They've had a lot of time together, their head coach is back and obviously he has had some time in the background.
"They know South African rugby in the past few years so they will be very well prepared against the Springboks. Its' test match rugby and we can't wait to get going against them."
South Africa lost their series opening match to Ireland in June but fought back to win the series and the coaches want a vastly improved peformance in Nelspuit next week.
"I think we can improve in all areas," said Van Graan.
"We're really happy with our setpiece, but our deliveries from our setpiece could be a lot better. We've been working hard with our ball-carriers, we're facing Argentina first up and they make a lot of leg tackles.
"We've learnt over the past few years and in Super Rugby with the Jaguares that the breakdown is a big fight, as it was with Ireland.
"Your attacking shape and attacking mindset is also important. We didn't have a lot of time before Ireland and it doesn't help that we're a few players this week but we go with what we have.
"We're working a lot on mindset, formation and breakdown."
The Springbok side for next week will most likely feature more Lions players after they reached the Super Rugby final although Van Graan and head coach Allister Coetzee have | 457 |
The purpose of this article is to describe curricular adjustments made to a course in response to the Covid-<|fim_middle|>) of the contents of the 2016 Minnesota English Journal. Birkett, Kelly--Five ways in which high-quality literacy instruction can increase student interest in our content areas--http://wp.me/p4coir-bg…
Infographic-Making Activity by Michael MacBride
7 Jun 2016 27 Sep 2019
[pdf version here: MacBride-Infographic-activity] Objective: To encourage the use of charts, graphs, maps, and other infographics in student writing. Approximate Time Required: 30 minutes Materials Needed: A computer with access…
What Is a Civic-Minded Student and How Can We Foster This in Our Classrooms? by Heidi Burns
[pdf version here: Burns, Heidi--News Summary Activity] (Burns also has a new book forthcoming, which contains similar activities ready to plug into your classroom. Check it out here: http://amzn.to/1U4195g) Civic-minded students…
Five Ways in Which High-Quality Literacy Instruction Can Increase Student Interest in Our Content Areas by Kelly Birkett
31 May 2016 27 Sep 2019
[pdf version here: Birkett-FiveWays] Each year, on the day after Labor Day, the invasion begins. We stand in the hall next to our classrooms at the sound of the warning… | 19 pandemic which began in the United States in 2020. We intend…
The touch of a keyboard replaces the turn of a page, just one of the many ways that digital tools have transformed the educational landscape. Today's educational experience is saturated…
We are two Asian professors who teach at a state university in southeast Minnesota. At our institution, Jongsun teaches undergraduate children's literature and literacy education classes, and Rieko teaches graduate…
I am heavy with the daygravity pools thick in that soft place between ankle and heela pink sock peeks through the hole in my tennis shoeright, left, right, left say my…
Stories are everywhere; they seem to be things we gravitate to. As teachers we see the importance of narratives, for they allow us to make connections to the world and…
Come on in! The Water's Fine: School Reform Begins with Me by Sheryl Lain
When I was a kid, I could not bring my toes to release their hold on the lip of the high dive, even though my girlfriend pressed me forward, begging…
In Texts and Pretexts, first published in 1932, while discussing his concern regarding the present and future, Aldous Huxley asserted, "Personally, I must confess, I am more interested in what…
The Over-Simplified Guide to Creating Courses, Unit Plans, & Lessons by Jean Prokott
Congratulations! You get to write your own course. What happens next? Here's a list of ten steps that will make this whole process look a lot easier than it is:…
Becoming THAT Teacher—An Account of One Year of Teaching by Kasden Watson
Like many, I believed that crossing the threshold of the downward ramp, and passing my tassel, meant that I was a full-blown teacher. I had graduated, and amidst the roar…
#ReadingWars and Equity by Allison Sirovy
Following the #ReadingWars on social media? If you are, you may feel like me—lost and confused. Although I teach middle school English, reading instruction is near and dear to my…
Fibonacci Spiral, or Why Four Middle Schoolers Are Enough by Sheryl Lain
A Fibonacci spiral follows the sequence 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 11, etc., where each number is the sum of the two numbers before it; pineapples, starfish, sunflower…
The 1940s archival footage may be grainy, but the big band and its lead singer, Helen O'Connell, are lily white. Her blond perm, powdered nose, and demure blouse pop in…
Didn't I See That Before?: Edgar Allan Poe's "Cask of Amontillado" Seen in Saw & Saw IV by T. Madison Peschock
For the past decade, the humanities have been on the decline, and STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) courses have been on the rise. As recent as February 2020, InsideHigher…
Shoes, Rap Music, and Guns: Transitional Objects as Objective Correlatives in Ishmael Beah's A Long Way Gone by Tanya Stafsholt Miller
When a person has gone through extreme trauma, writing about it can have a healing effect. The act of shaping the words on a page puts the trauma outside the…
"It's Not the Teacher's Job": Talking About Death and Death-Related Grief with Picture Books in Classrooms by Jongsun Wee and Heather J. Fye
Introduction Death was not taboo in children's literature before the 20th century (Clement and Jamali 5), but its presence disappeared from after World War I to the 1970s in Western…
What Matters in the Classroom? A Pre-Survey by Jean Prokott
(Download a .docx version of this survey here) Below are various factors that make a successful classroom. Please rank them in the order of which you think is most important…
Three Poems by Jean Prokott
BIRTH And at night, Uncle Duane would sleep with the upstairs window open in the farmhouse, let the wet, August night saturate the sheets and listen for the gurgling cries…
We Follow by Sheryl Lain
26 Apr 2019 15 Sep 2019
I rode with Dad in our old Ford pickup, through a spring blizzard. Thick white snow blinded us. I was safe and warm inside Dad's competence as he drove to…
From Café to Class: Bringing Book Clubs Into Your Classroom by Hayley Vetsch
It's easy to discuss books if you like to read. Hobby reading comes easily to most of us English teachers, but I'd wager that it is one of the hardest…
The Sustainability of the Empathetic Teacher by Shaina Lane
At 6:30 on a snowy Monday morning, I click my key into the lock of the school office to start my day. There is never anyone there before me, which I…
Opposites Attract: Binary Opposites in Alice Sebold's Lucky by Tanya Stafsholt Miller
The cover of Alice Sebold's memoir reads, "In the tunnel where I was raped, a girl had been murdered and dismembered. I was told this story by the police. In…
Write Anything: How STEM Connects to the Writing Curriculum by Amber Beattie
I must begin with a confession: I am an English person. Truly, there is little that I love more in life than a new book or fresh sheet of stationery.…
On a sunny afternoon in May, I sat in the parking lot of Midwestern Alternative (pseudonym), a high school for "at-risk" students where I was interviewing for an English teaching…
Educating with Little Tree: Reshaping The Education of Little Tree's Cultural and Pedagogical Value in English Classrooms by Chris Drew
At a recent conference session on literary diversity in classrooms, I and other attendees were encouraged to pass around a selection of books, examine them, and discuss their possible classroom…
Internalizing the Message by Kay J. Walter
I had a few extra minutes that day when I entered the classroom in which I was teaching composition to second-semester freshmen at my university. I teach at the University…
The Same School Year: Narratives of Early- and Middle-Career Teachers in a U.S. Public School by Lisa M. Dembouski & Kari Eloranta
At the Start of the Year Kari: I thought I was ready. Student teaching had been everything I'd dreamed it would be. I'd spent countless hours studying, training, and volunteering…
Minding the Body: Towards a Pedagogy of Enactment by Catherine Fox
Although unable to theorize it at the time, I dropped out of college when I was nineteen because the disconnect had become intolerable. To be a disembodied mind, taking in…
#StayWoke: Empowering Students to Respond to Fake News by Mariah Morin & Heather Hurst
As my (Mariah's) own social media feeds were flooded with fake news and articles about fake news, my thoughts turned to students who must also be grappling with the tricky…
Centering LGBTQ People of Color with Young Adult Literature in Secondary ELA by Cody Miller & Kathleen Colantonio-Yurko
As English language arts teachers, we believe young adult literature offers an avenue for voices and experiences that are largely ignored by canonical texts. LGBTQ voices are among those omitted…
Centering Students' Voices in a Public Speaking Genre Study by Burke Scarbrough
Today's students have access to stirring, powerful text in an ever widening array of forms. As we invite our students to discover the power of the carefully crafted written word,…
Public Grammar: Creating Community by Larry Gavin
There are five things most educators can agree on. First, most educators value student questions as a measure of student engagement in the classroom. Actually, questions are frequently the most…
Seriously, What's the Difference? by Jeanette Lukowski
It all began with an article from The New York Times titled "The Community College / 'Real College' Divide." The article was part of an assessment tool being used by the…
A Few Confessions of an English Teacher by Alexandra Glynn
Preparing for classes rouses up the guilt again. I teach writing, but I don't do what I tell my students to do. I plagiarize, in a sense, all the time.…
Listening to the Silence: Addressing Anxiety Disorders in Our Schools by Abby Rosen
As teachers, we ask a lot of our students. We demand not only respect for our authority, but curiosity, effort, and perseverance in the face of failure and humiliation. They…
9 May 2017 27 Sep 2019
Please read the Introduction first. Then continue reading each piece in order. Click on the following titles to be magically transported to each piece of the triptych. 2. "Beast's Beauty" …
Beauty and the Beast Triptych: Piece 2– "Beast's Beauty" by Melanie Magaña
Please read the Introduction first. Then continue reading each piece in order. Click on the following titles to be magically transported to each piece of the triptych. "Beauty and the…
Beauty and the Beast Triptych: Piece 3–"Beauty's Beginning" by Melanie Magaña
Beauty and the Beast Triptych: Re-imagining Stereotypes and Gender Roles by Melanie Magaña
[Ed. Note: At the end of this Introduction, readers are directed by links to the three pieces comprising the triptych.] Introduction I've had a bit of a love-hate relationship with the…
Addressing Racial Injustice Through Allyship: Teaching to See by Using Poetry by Sharon Rudnicki
Introduction In 2016, America was treated to two excellent television series that focus on the life of O.J. Simpson, FX's American Crime Story: The People v. O.J. Simpson…
Closing the Door on Standardized Test Preparation and Opening the Door to Next Generation Literacy by Vicky Giouroukakis & Maureen Connolly
Introduction "I want to facilitate learning that helps students be the best versions of themselves." "I teach to inspire a new generation of book lovers!"…
Writing is Elemen'tree': A Visual, Auditory, and Tactile Framework for Navigating the Writing Process by Lyndi Maxwell
Abstract This article describes how teachers can use manipulatives, visual aids, and poetry to help students navigate a process-approach writer's workshop. The workshop is presented as being analogous to how…
Dogmatism and Teaching Writing by Alexandra Glynn
The great writing textbooks seldom prompt aspiring writers to be certain. The ancients assumed that they would already be, so there was no need to discuss it. The moderns deride…
Introduction As part of the introductory English studies class I took during spring semester 2016 in a graduate program at the University of St. Thomas, I was asked a deceptively…
We Made it for You by Daniel Ellis
I'm here to speak truth. I'm here to speak truth. I'm here to speak truth. Truth in the light of histories textbooks. That deny my heritage. Truth in the light…
The Formation of Thesis Statements: Beyoncé in the Secondary English Language Arts Classroom by Summer Melody Pennell
Abstract The author shares an example from her own teaching experience (with a student population of primarily African-American and Latinx youth) that illustrates that the lyrics and video for Beyoncé's…
Poetry Selections from Joshua Feliciano
More Than Just Words Poetry is like a song written on paper It doesn't always have to rhyme It doesn't always need time You could make a poem in poetry…
Table of Contents for the 2016 MEJ
An alphabetical list (by author | 2,474 |
A couple of weeks ago, a very astute fan (@bunny391848) brought it to our attention that the newly released single "Sunshine & City Lights" on U.S. iTunes was listed as being copyrighted by Greyson Chance Music, LLC rather than either Interscope or Geffen Records and theorized that Greyson was no longer with Interscope/Geffen Records. However, a quick check of the "Artists" page on Interscope's main site still had Greyson listed as one of its signed artists.
Fastforward to last night when she then posted her theory on The Greyson Chance Forum. With a little bit of help from other fans, we realized that Greyson has now been removed from the Interscope website and that all references to Intersope and eleveneleven have been removed from Greyson's official Twitter account. The speculation among fans today on Twitter and The Greyson Chance Forum prompted Greyson to confirm the news that he has cut ties with his first record label.
Those that follow Greyson's career probably aren't that surprised by this news and while the ending of one phase of life is always sad and somewhat scary, Greyson has the right outlook that "when one door closes<|fim_middle|>As we get more information, we'll do our best to keep fans updated on how this latest news will affect any plans Greyson might have had to tour or promote his new music in the U.S. | , another one opens." Hopefully Greyson will keep us up-to-date as he continues his musical journey and lets us fans know how we can best help him in the future!
| 35 |
A ten-year-old boy was failing math. His parents tried everything from tutors to hypnosis<|fim_middle|> away in his room with math books strewn about his desk and the surrounding floor. He emerged long enough to eat, and after quickly cleaning his plate, went straight back to his room, closed the door, and worked feverishly at his studies until bedtime.
This pattern of behavior continued until it was time for the first quarter's report card. The boy walked in with it unopened, laid it on the dinner table and went straight to his room.
Cautiously, his mother opened it and, to her amazement, she saw a large red 'A' under the subject of Math. Overjoyed, she and her husband rushed into their son's room, thrilled at his remarkable progress. | ; but to no avail. Finally, at the insistence of a family friend, they decided to enroll their son in a private Catholic school.
After the first day, the boy's parents were surprised when he walked in after school with a stern, focused and very determined expression on his face. He went straight past them, right to his room and quietly closed the door.
For nearly two hours he toiled | 81 |
Barcelona 08/09 were arguably one of the greatest club sides in the history of football, at the very least they were the best team of the last decade, but against Chelsea their legacy was in serious danger of collapsing.
Once Michael Essien gave them the lead inside the opening ten minutes of the second leg<|fim_middle|> on this blog anyways and you could possibly even make a dollar or three from some advertising. I would explore following recent topics and raising the number of blog posts you make and I bet you'd begin seeing some easy traffic soon. Just a brainstorm, good luck regardless!
It wasn't intended as a rundown of the best goals, just pointing out some that were very good. | , Chelsea had comfortably kept Barcelona at bay. With Yaya Toure at centre-back, Barca struggled to contend with the physicality of Chelsea's midfield and, had it not been for some truly awful refereeing, the West London club could have been several more goals up.
There was to be a twist in the tale of course – Andres Iniesta popped up in the 93rd minute to end Chelsea's hopes of a rematch of the previous year's final against Manchester United, setting Barcelona on their way to a Champions League crown of their own in style.
With Roy Keane sent home by manager Mick McCarthy after the infamous Saipan incident, Ireland's tournament was in danger of being derailed before it got a real opportunity to begin. They opened the 2002 World Cup with a decent 1-1 draw against Cameroon, but things looked rather bleak when Miroslav Klose put Germany ahead within 20 minutes.
Germany looked as if they were going to hold out and Ireland just punting the ball long into the box, until Niall Quinn flicked one into the path of Robbie Keane, impressively finishing past Oliver Kahn in the 92nd minute. This left Ireland only needing a win against the abysmal Saudi Arabia to get through, exiting in the last 16 after a shoot-out against Spain. Robbie went home a hero with three goals, while Roy divided opinion, but came away looking selfish.
One of Anfield's greatest European nights had Liverpool requiring a win, with Saint Etienne leading 1-0 from the first leg in France.
Kevin Keegan puts Liverpool on equal terms inside two minutes, but Dominique Bathenay puts the French champions back in control. Ray Kennedy puts the tie at 2-2 on aggregate, although Saint Etienne crucially lead on away goals so bob Paisley introduces 20 year-old red-haired "Supersub" David Fairclough. 84 minutes in – just as ITV's commentator Gerald mentions that Liverpool are hitting too many hopeful long balls – Fairclough controls a pass from Kennedy, holds off the Saint Etienne defenders and shoots past Ivan Curkovic.
With that goal, Fairclough wrote himself into Anfield folklore and became a large part of why Liverpool won their first European Cup.
In terms of raw entertainment, the Turkey side from Euro 2008 must go down as among the best of recent years. Against the odds, they managed to fight their way to the semi-finals, where a team severely weakened by suspensions and injuries almost managed a 2-2 draw against Germany, only for Philipp Lahm to get a goal in the 90th minute.
Assuming you read the sub-header, you know this isn't about Lahm though – in the previous game Fenerbahce's Semih Senturk scored an incredible goal against Croatia. The events of the last few minutes overshadowed what was actually a very dull game. 119 minutes went by with little to nothing happening, upon which substitute Ivan Klasnic scored, becoming the first player to appear at a major tournament after undergoing a kidney transplant. The desperate Turkish team had no time left and Rustu Recber hoofed the ball towards the forwards, the ball fell to Semih, who scored with the last kick of the game. The teams headed for the shoot-out, where the young Croatian team displayed a penalty-taking ability that would make England blush. Turkey were through to face Germany in the semi-final.
The video sets the scene enough on its own.
You ought to really think about steering this website into a serious player in this market. You clearly have a good handle of the topics all of us are looking for | 764 |
Can Dogs Have Sweet Potatoes?
Though most of our favorite fruits make us think of endless summer days (pineapples, mangoes, peaches, kiwis, etc), many of our favorite vegetables scream fall—especially the orange ones. When the days grow colder and the leaves begin to change color, we break out the orange vegetables. Many of us know that fall is coming when we start seeing pumpkin spice flavored everything on grocery store shelves—after all, pumpkin works its way into everything from cereal and ice cream all the way to chewing gum and hand soap!—but, when we sit down to enjoy our Thanksgiving dinner, there is one orange vegetable that is perhaps even more important than pumpkins: the humble sweet potato.
No Thanksgiving dinner is complete without a helping of sweet potato pie or sweet potato casserole, but many of us rely on these hearty orange veggies for day-to-day dinners, too. Sweet potatoes are often thought of as<|fim_middle|> rich in Vitamin A can be a good way to protect them from the two leading causes of blindness: cataracts and macular degeneration.
Though sweet potatoes are healthy in moderation, feeding them to your dog in excess can cause some health problems. Though dogs, unlike cats, have the ability to digest some starchy vegetables, they don't handle large quantities very well. If you suddenly give your pooch a large helping of sweet potato, they may develop upset stomach, bloating, or diarrhea. If your dog has been diagnosed with any digestive problems, consult a veterinarian before you feed them any starchy or fibrous plant foods—some dogs may not be able to handle starch very well.
Sweet potatoes are also energy rich foods, which means that they can easily cause weight gain if you're not careful. Your dog does not need very many calories in order to keep their body running properly. Any time you give them more calories than they can burn (even if those calories come from healthy sources!), they will put on more body fat. Too much extra body fat can increase your pup's risk of heart disease, diabetes, cancer, arthritis, and a wide range of other health problems. If your pooch is already on the pudgy side, consider offering them treats that are less calorically dense, like apples and carrots.
In conclusion, sweet potatoes are excellent treats for healthy dogs to consume in moderation. They are high in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that can fight disease, moderate in fiber that can support digestive health, and relatively low in fat and calories compared to other common treats. Still, sweet potatoes are starchy vegetables, and eating too many of them can cause health problems. Practice portion control, and if your pooch starts to gain weight, make their portions smaller!
Tagged in:can dogs eat sweet potatoes?, can dogs have sweet potatoes, can i give my dog sweet potatoes?
Can Dogs Eat Tuna? Can Cats Eat Cookies? | the healthier, more diet-friendly alternative to white potatoes. Whether you like to eat yours baked and stuffed, mashed and whipped with butter, or baked into chips, you probably have sweet potatoes in your home during the colder months. You are perfectly happy sitting down to this guilt-free treat, but can you share it with your pooch? Are these starchy vegetables guiltless dog treats, too? Can you give your dog sweet potatoes?
The answer: Yes, absolutely! Sweet potatoes are quite healthy both for dogs and for humans, and most dogs can thrive on diets that include sweet potato in moderation—in fact, many high-end brands of dog food include sweet potatoes in their recipes. These gently sweet vegetables are fantastic treats for healthy adult dogs, who may benefit from their moderate quantities of antioxidants, complex carbohydrates, and dietary fiber. The important thing is to practice portion control to prevent weight gain, because even healthy foods can make your dog fat if they are eaten in large quantities!
Do sweet potatoes have any health benefits for your canine companion? Yes! Sweet potatoes are among the healthiest people foods you can share with your dog. They are loaded with Vitamin A, Vitamin C, several B vitamins, potassium, iron, manganese, and a handful of other important vitamins and minerals that can help maintain a healthy body. They also have moderate amounts of dietary fiber, which is important for achieving optimal overall health. What gives sweet potatoes their status as a powerful superfood, however, is their unique blend of antioxidants and phytochemicals.
Let's start with dietary fiber. When we make the conscious decision to add more fiber into our diets, it is usually as a holistic way to combat constipation—and we can do the same thing for our dogs! Because our dogs' bodies are unable to break down and absorb fiber, it is not considered a necessary nutrient, but it can play a critical role in supporting several aspects of health, including digestion.
Fiber works well at regulating digestion because it can absorb water; fiber particles work like tiny sponges that soak up fluids and shuttle them through the gastrointestinal tract. If your dog is constipated, fiber helps by absorbing water and bringing it into the colon, where it can make hard or impacted stool softer so that your dog can pass it more easily. If your dog has diarrhea, fiber helps by absorbing extra fluid inside the colon. It also adds bulk to stool, making for fuller, healthier, more regular bowel movements. If your dog suffers from occasional mild constipation or diarrhea, slightly increasing their fiber intake may help to balance things out. Just make sure you give your dog plenty of fluid along with their fiber—giving your pooch a bunch of fiber without adding any water can actually exacerbate constipation!
Because sweet potatoes are rich in Vitamin C and other antioxidants, they do an excellent dog at fighting against short-term infections as well as chronic diseases. Antioxidants have been shown to protect against some of life's scariest diseases, including heart disease, type two diabetes, osteoarthritis and other autoimmune diseases, many different types of cancer, and even the cognitive decline we associate with normal aging. Including antioxidant-rich foods, like sweet potatoes, in your dog's diet can help protect them against many of the most common ailments that show up during old age.
One of these antioxidants, beta carotene, is converted into Vitamin A inside your dog's body. Vitamin A is crucial for maintaining muscular and eye health, especially night vision. Since we can't give our dogs glasses, giving them foods | 713 |
When we moved our store to the new location years ago, we wanted the work shop to be visible from the show room. It is a great bonus for us bench jewelers because we get to see all the action. The down side is that we have to keep our shop area and benches a lot cleaner and more clutter free. (A very tough job for goldsmiths.). Our shop and show room are partitioned by two large windows to keep the noise level down.
We are majorly spoiled with really nice work benches. They have lots of drawers and great features. The center point of the bench is the GRS benchmate system. I am a huge fan of it. It offers a lot of flexibility of working on pieces of different needs. We bought micro motors for our rotary tools mainly for visual purposes. This was to avoid having the hanging flex shaft motors. I have really fell in love with the light weight hand pieces and the added dexterity gained by losing the semi-ridged flex shaft. One of my favorite<|fim_middle|> our unexposed shop room right next to the bench room and use them for a dedicated wax carving bench and emergency bench use. | add-ons is the LED light that floods under the bench for WHEN, not IF, I drop a stone.
We have lots of storage. We have kitchen cabinets on the back wall for loose stones, chemicals, findings and findings books etc.and a large counter top for our shop tools: Magnetic tumbler, rolling mill, mold vulcanizer, engraving machines, shank bender, band stretcher, microscope, scales etc.
My favorite new tool is our laser welder. We can do repairs that was never possible before with traditional methods. I will do future blog posts featuring repairs done with the laser. We retired our standard jewelers benches to | 132 |
Telstra expands coverage of 700MHz trials
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Get Our Asia Newsletter | MHz trials
Telstra will expand the coverage area of its planned 4G trials on its newly-acquired 700MHz spectrum to more than 20 additional metropolitan and regional centres.
The trials kick off next week in six cities – including Sydney and Adelaide.
Commercial service on the 700MHz network will start at the beginning of next year and will initially cover a 3km radius in Sydney's business districts and 50 other locations around the country.
A Telstra representative said the company is investing AUD1.3 billion ($1.2 billion) to add both 700MHz and 2.6GHz spectrum its 4G network, which together will support theoretical download speeds of 300Mp/s – double the peak speed of 150Mb/s on the upcoming 700MHz network.
Its 4G coverage is expected to each 90 per cent of the population by the end of next year.
Rival Vodafone Hutchison said last month it aims for its 4G network to cover 95 per cent of the country's metropolitan population by the end of the year using its 850MHz spectrum. Its 4G network is now live in selected metro areas in nine cities.
The company is in the process of upgrading its core network and preparing for the launch of VoLTE trials later this year and a full commercial rollout early in 2015.
The upgrade is part of a five-year, multi-billion-dollar investment aimed at improving service quality to stay competitive as incumbent Telstra continues to gain market share (now at 53 per cent).
Vodafone's share has dropped to 17 per cent from 20 per cent a year ago, according to GSMA Intelligence.
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Author Archives: Tompkins Conservation
by Tompkins Conservation | Thursday June 17th, 2021 · 10:36 AM
Donor Spotlight: T.A. Barron
T. A. Barron is the award-winning, internationally bestselling author of more than 30 books for children and adults, including The Merlin Saga. All his books have environmental themes. He also loves hiking, camping, and skiing in Colorado with his family.
What motivates you to support conservation and/or Tompkins Conservation in particular?
I support environmental groups because they are great forces for good, healthy, sustainable life on our fragile planet! It's that simple. Without the dedicated, savvy, hard-working folks at those groups—people who could be making lots more money doing something else, if that was all they cared about—we are lost. With them…we have a genuine chance to save our planet. Our children. Our fellow creatures. And ourselves.
In sum, I support environmental organizations because I can't give up on this home planet of ours. Yes, it is beleaguered and trashed and attacked on every level. That we know beyond doubt. But it is also full of enduring wonder, beauty, and mystery—a place that nourishes us physically and spiritually every single day.
What environmental groups provide, at the core, is a chance for life on Earth to survive. And something more — a chance for humanity to rise to a higher level. To be inspired to choose long-term wisdom over short-term greed. To be our best selves as stewards of this planet.
No better example exists than Tompkins Conservation. Inspired by a bold, magnificent dream to protect forever the most marvelous wild ecosystems of Patagonia, this organization continues to make enormous progress, helping the people, plants, and creatures of this wondrous region to live in natural harmony. Whenever I feel burdened by the weight of the Earth's environmental challenges, I think of Tompkins Conservation and my hope is renewed.
Do you address environmental issues when writing for young audiences?
Nature is hugely important in all my books. In fact, I'd go so far as to say that I treat the natural world not merely as a setting, a backdrop for my stories—but as a full-blown character. Places are alive, just like you or me. They have moods, histories, and qualities that can be bizarre, humorous, tragic, mysterious, or inspiring. Part of my job as a writer is to make those places so real, so sensuous, so fully alive, that readers want to voyage there again and again. In this way, environmental awareness is woven through all my books.
On top of that, I always weave environmental themes into my books. I truly believe that saving the Earth is about saving our fellow creatures—as well as ourselves. Stories are a wonderful way to convey this idea, sometimes directly and sometimes through metaphors.
My books about the young wizard Merlin — 13 books in all, now translated into more than two dozen languages — are really an extended environmental parable. Merlin (much like the guy who wrote the books) learns all his greatest lessons from nature. His elemental magic comes from listening to the language of rivers and trees, flying as a hawk, and running with the deer.
Here's an excerpt (from The Fires of Merlin) when he becomes a stag:
"Somehow, in a mysterious way, I was listening not just to sounds, but to the land itself. I could hear, not with my ears but with my bones, the tensing and flexing of the earth under my hooves, the changing flow of the wind, the secret connections among all the creatures who shared these meadows—whether they crawled, slithered, flew, or ran. Not only did I hear them; I celebrated them, for we were bound together as securely as a blade of grass is bound to the soil."
As a longtime author writing for young people, do you see children's relationship with the natural world changing?
The most important thing is to convey to our children, through actions as well as words, the interdependence of all living creatures. We all belong to the same family; we are part of the community of species; our fate is connected to the health of our planet.
How do we convey these ideas? Through the stories we share… and the places we share. Sure, there are worrisome examples of young people feeling less connected to nature — but that's no match for nature's powers of inspiration.
For example… just take children outside to look at the stars together on a summer night. It's always a delight to watch kids wake up to the wonder. There is nothing like gazing up at the stars to feel both very small, and very large, at once — to feel humbled by the vast sweep of creation, and, at the same time, to feel enlarged because we are all part of that creation.
Does your interest in Patagonia and the Route of Parks stem from your travels there?
Actually, I felt the allure of Patagonia long before I was ever able to go there. Not from any particular source, but from the name itself — its association with the most wild and wonderful places on Earth. So when I turned 50, I gave myself a special birthday present of a 3-week trip to Patagonia. My wife and I hiked through many unforgettable parts of Chile and Argentina. And I've gone back several times since, because the magic of this place only keeps growing.
Now the Route of Parks promises to inspire many others from around the globe to come and experience the treasures of Patagonia. But be warned: No single visit will be enough. You, like me, will come back. And you, like me, will feel deep and enduring gratitude to Tompkins Conservation!
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Filed under Community, Get Involved
by Tompkins Conservation | Tuesday February 9th, 2021 · 07:31 PM
First Mating of a Wild and Captive Jaguar has produced two Cubs
The cubs will be raised by their captive mother in a secure enclosure without human contact in El Impenetrable National Park until they can be released into the wild. This novel approach brings new hope to recover this highly endangered species in the Argentine Chaco.
EL IMPENETRABLE NATIONAL PARK, CHACO, ARG— The Province of Chaco, Argentina's National Parks Administration and Rewilding Argentina have confirmed that Tania, a captive jaguar in the breeding program of Rewilding Argentina, has given birth to two cubs approximately three months after breeding with Qaramta, the sole wild jaguar in Impenetrable National Park. This is the first mating attempt between a wild and captive jaguar anywhere in the world.
In the Argentine Chaco, the situation for this top predator is critical. Poaching and deforestation have put America's biggest cat in imminent danger of extinction. There are now fewer than 20 individual specimens left roaming the millions of hectares of this immense territory, yet, the species remains a powerful symbol of the region, according to Jorge Capitanich, the governor of Chaco Province, who announced the news.
The jaguar was believed to have gone extinct in El Impenetrable, a national park created in 2014 with help from Tompkins Conservation. Yet, the appearance of footprints on the muddy shores of the Bermejo River in September, 2019 kindled unexpected hope. Camera traps confirmed a young male roaming the area. He was fitted with a satellite collar to track his movements and named Qaramta, "the one who it cannot be destroyed, " in the local Qom language. Today he is four years old and weighs 113.6 kilos. To keep him from roaming too far from the safety of the national park, Rewilding Argentina brought a captive female whose scent would anchor his movements until an adequate breeding pen could be constructed and authorization for mating was given by the local and national authorities.
"As we head into the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, the time has come to take bold actions to save species, it's essential to restoring ecosystems and ensuring planetary health for all," says Kristine Tompkins, president of Tompkins Conservation and UN Patron of Protected Areas. "These jaguar cubs show that species by species, we can change the trajectory of mass extinctions."
As a young male roaming a huge territory in search of a mate, Qaramta is much like the solitary jaguar specimens recorded in the Argentine Chaco and other areas where the species is on the verge of extinction, such as Arizona and New Mexico in the Southwestern US. Tania, a captive breeder from Rewilding Argentina's Jaguar Reintroduction Center in the Ibera wetlands of Argentina, had already successfully raised two cubs in that program; they are now slated for release in the wetlands. Previously a zoo specimen, her wild great-grandparents came from the Chaco, captured in 1989 as cubs orphaned by poachers.
Camera trap records indicate that Tania gave birth to two healthy cubs early on January 30th. They will be raised in large enclosures until they can be released when they reach maturity in two or three years. In the meantime, efforts will focus on protecting more of the territory around the Bermejo River as a safe haven for the species. Eradicating poaching and developing ecotourism will also be key. "We need to ensure an economy based on nature tourism, so that these cubs may roam freely and safely," says Sofía Heinonen, executive director of Rewilding Argentina. "So that the jaguars and the people of El Impenetrable can coexist and prosper."
Rewilding Argentina receives support from DOB Ecology to restore the Gran Chaco, and from its strategic partner Tompkins Conservation, a leader in rewilding and park creation in the Southern Cone.
For more information, contact carolynmccarthy@tompkinsconservation.org.
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Jaguars Roam Free in Argentina's Iberá Wetlands for the First Time in 70 Years
Argentina has brought jaguars back to the vast Iberá wetlands, seventy years after the species was driven to local extinction through hunting and habitat loss.
An adult jaguar (Panthera onca) and her two captive-born cubs have been released into the wild, the first in a group,<|fim_middle|>á Wetlands for the First Time in 70 Years
by Tompkins Conservation | January 19, 2021 · 02:46 PM
by Tompkins Conservation | Thursday November 19th, 2020 · 10:13 AM
Mating Wild and Captive Jaguars to Save the Species
Nov 11, 2020 –IMPENETRABLE NATIONAL PARK, ARG On October 17, 2020, an unlikely romance was underway in the Gran Chaco. A wild jaguar, the first discovered in Impenetrable National Park, entered the pen of a captive jaguar with the promise of mating. Their encounter is the product of months of a strange, socially-distanced courtship undertaken across solid steel fencing, monitored by cameras and a team of hopeful scientists from Rewilding Argentina. If the pairing is successful, these jaguars will become the first wild-captive pair to mate in history, key progenitors in an effort to repopulate a top predator of the Americas.
Matchmaking wild and not-so-wild jaguars is a highly creative solution to the larger issue of saving wild jaguars, a priority put forth by the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) at the most recent World Conservation Congress in September, 2020. The largest feline in the Americas, they have lost over half their historical range from the southern US to Argentina, a loss of habitat which has left several populations of the species geographically isolated and some individuals unable to encounter mating partners.
Jaguars were thought to be already extinct in El Impenetrable National Park, created in 2014 with help from Tompkins Conservation. Continue reading →
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Tagged as Restoration, Rewilding
by Tompkins Conservation | Thursday November 12th, 2020 · 12:30 PM
Community Beautification in Chilean Patagonia
Tompkins Conservation Chile, together with the community of El Amarillo, in the region of Los Lagos, implemented a restoration plan for the gateway village to Pumalín Douglas Tompkins Park. A new e-book tells the story.
November 12, 2020. Improving the quality of life, generating local pride and stimulating small-scale tourism were the objectives of the beautification project promoted by Tompkins Conservation Chile together with the community of El Amarillo, a town located in the southern access point of the Pumalín Douglas Tompkins National Park, 25 kilometers from Chaitén.
With hopes to inspire other communities to carry out similar projects, Tompkins Conservation Chile launched a digital book that compiles the history of this collaborative program, which created a facelift for El Amarillo through the restoration of facades and fences, extensive landscaping, signage by local artisans, and the construction of attractive architectural details like "chirimbolos" (decorative moldings).
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by Tompkins Conservation | Wednesday October 21st, 2020 · 09:46 AM
Argentina Welcomes Red-and-Green Macaws: the first Born in the Wild in over a Century
Recently reintroduced red-and-green macaws have produced the first successful wild chicks in the Iberá wetlands in 150 years. Extinct throughout Argentina, the return of this species is also a key step in restoring native forests to this valuable ecosystem.
After several unsuccessful attempts, three red-and-green macaw hatchlings were born to a breeding pair reintroduced in 2019. The last registry of the species in Argentina was 150 years ago.
Rewilding the red-and-green macaw (Ara chloropterus) has proved an exceptional challenge. Rewilding Argentina, the strategic partner of Tompkins Conservation, started the process in 2015 with once-captive macaws that had never flown before. They required extensive training to live in the wild. So far, 15 macaws have been set free in Iberá and the nascent population is prospering.
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Filed under Restoration, Rewilding
Tagged as Argentina, extinct species, Ibera, Macaws, Rewilding
Ecological Agriculture
Park Creation
News Tompkins Conservation · | currently with nine individuals, slated to repopulate the species in the Gran Iberá Park, a protected 1.7 million acre wilderness of national and provincial parklands. Reestablishing this critically endangered species, of which only 200 remain in Argentina, is a crucial step in ensuring the ecological health of South America's principal water basins and reestablishing a biological corridor for jaguars that once stretched continuously to the American Southwest.
"We have taken another great step for the preservation of the jaguar in Iberá," announced Argentina's Minister of Environment and Sustainable Development, Juan Cabandié. In Northeast Argentina, the jaguar has long been a symbol of strength in Guaraní heritage also representing the region's cultural identity.
Saving the species was deemed a priority by the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) at the World Conservation Congress in September, 2020. The largest feline in the Americas, the jaguar has lost over half its historical range, leaving some populations geographically isolated, losing their genetic diversity. When this happens, the jaguar is no longer able to fulfill its key ecological role as an apex predator.
"We congratulate the government of Argentina, Argentina's National Parks and the Province of Corrientes for their commitment to rewilding this iconic species," said Kristine Tompkins, president of Tompkins Conservation and UN Patron of Protected Areas. "As we start the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, it's time to recognize the central role that rewilding can play in restoring climate stability and planetary health."
Bringing back top predators such as the jaguar and the giant river otter, and seed bearers such as peccaries and macaws, is helping the Iberá wetlands recover from hunting and decades of cattle grazing and monoculture plantations, according to Sebastian Di Martino, Director of Conservation at Rewilding Argentina, a strategic partner of Tompkins Conservation. According to Di Martino, "Just as the return of gray wolves to Yellowstone National Park recalibrated whole ecosystems that had fallen out of balance, jaguars can restore these wetlands. Rewilding is also revitalizing the economy of small communities throughout Corrientes Province through wildlife-watching and related services."
Iberá National Park was created in 2018 with land donations made by Douglas and Kristine Tompkins via Tompkins Conservation, in collaboration with Rewilding Argentina and local and national authorities. A one-of-a-kind facility, the Jaguar Reintroduction Center, located in the wetlands, has so far bred six cubs, which alongside rehabilitated wild jaguars, will be released throughout 2021. In coordination with Argentina's National Parks, Rewilding Argentina monitors the released population via signals from VHF and GPS transmitters on collared adult jaguars.
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El<|fim_middle|>eling star. | vis's Hate Badges
Elvis Presley's manager sold "I Hate Elvis" badges as a way to make money from people who weren't buying Elvis merchandise.
Sensing a marketing opportunity that no music manager had ever considered before, Colonel Parker signed a deal with a Beverly Hills movie merchandiser for $40,000. The goal was to turn Elvis into a brand.
It was a revolutionary strategy, as it was the first all-out merchandising campaign ever aimed at the teen market. In just a few months, over 50 different Elvis-themed products were produced, from charm bracelets and necklaces to scarves, teddy bear perfume, Topps bubble gum cards, and sneakers… to record players, hats, and lipsticks in "Heartbreak Pink" and "Hound Dog Orange" – sold with the slogan, "Keep Me Always On Your Lips."
The Wall Street Journal reported that by the end of 1957, Elvis merchandise had grossed over $22 million dollars. By 1962, Colonel Parker's share of that booty would become an eye-popping 50%. His most ingenious product, though, was the "I Hate Elvis" buttons. The Colonel even made money from people who despised his hip-swiv | 263 |
Die Duchal Moor Railway oder Grouse Moor Line war eine etwa acht Kilometer lange Schmalspurbahn mit einer Spurweite von zwei Fuß (610 mm) bei den Muirsh<|fim_middle|>weise
Bahnstrecke in Schottland
Bauwerk in Inverclyde | iel Hills im Duchal Moor im Clyde Muirshiel Regional Park, 5 km westlich von Kilmacolm in Schottland.
Geschichte
Die Schmalspurbahn wurde von dem Schiffbauer Sir James Lithgow, 1. Baronet für den Transport von Gruppen von Treibern und Jägern bei Treibjagden und deren Equipment gebaut. Durch das Bauprojekt sollten nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg arbeitslose Werftarbeiter eine Beschäftigung finden.
Die Bahnlinie wurde jährlich zwischen dem 12. August, dem Glorious Twelfth genannten Beginn der Jagdsaison für die Moorhuhnjagd und dem Saisonende Mitte Dezember genutzt, um die Jagdgesellschaften auf die Hügel des mehrere hundert Acre großen sumpfigen Moorgebiets zu bringen.
Die Gleise wurden aus Gleismaterial von alten Militärfeldbahnen und aus Kohlebergwerken gebaut, mit Schwellen aus Balken, die beim Zerlegen von Kriegsschiffen gewonnen wurden.
Streckenführung
Die Bahnlinie startete bei Hardridge Farm, wo die Lokomotiven und Personenwagen gelagert wurden. Sie hatte drei Zweigstrecken: nach Laverock Stone im Norden, nach Laird's Seat im Westen und zum Smeath Hill im Süden.
Lokomotiven
1922 wurden zwei Benzinlokomotiven mit jeweils 20 PS der Motor Rail & Tramcar Company aus Bedford mit den Seriennummern 2097 und 2171 beschafft. Im September 1969 wurde außerdem eine zweiachsige Diesellokomotive mit 20/28 PS aus dem Baujahr 1941 mit der Seriennummer 8700 von Joseph Arnold Ltd's Sandgruben an der Leighton Buzzard Light Railway beschafft.
Überreste
Die Bahn wurde in den späten 1970er Jahren außer Betrieb genommen. Der Lokschuppen war 2008 noch erhalten und es gibt noch einige Reste von Brücken, Bahnsteigen und Gleisen vor Ort.
Weblinks
Duchal Moor Railway photographs
Einzelnach | 510 |
<|fim_middle|> work well with the skim milk too. Enjoy!
I love this idea of adding raisins in smoothies!! How come I never thought of it before?!! Brilliant! | If you're not a fan of raisins, don't worry. They're pulverized in the blender, leaving only their sweetness and fruity flavor without the texture. Same with the coconut.
Here's what I throw in my Vitamix to make this heavenly vegan concoction: a banana, light almond milk (40 calories!), walnuts, oats, raisins, unsweetened coconut, cinnamon, vanilla and ice. I provide exact measurements in the recipe that follows, but I usually just eyeball everything, using a handful, some pinches, a few dashes and a splash. It's like the old-school Italian way of cooking everything, but for some reason, I'm most comfortable employing it with smoothies.
This one's definitely breakfast in a glass. Bottom's up!
This vegan and good-for-you smoothie tastes like cookie batter and makes a nice breakfast on the go. Use gluten-free oats if needed.
One word for this – Yummy!
Thanks, Charlene. I love this one!
What a great idea using the raisins for sweetness! And I love all things coconut – will have to give this smoothie a try!
Go for it, Sarah! This one is really popular, and I never tire of it.
I started doing it to help me stay full longer. It's also a nice way to include some whole grains in my diet. I hope it works for you too!
I have made something similar to this, but without the coconut. I would love to try your version!
I love coconut and the flavor it brings to this smoothie. I hope you like this!
Yes, please!! This sounds like a perfect breakfast to me…maybe even lunch, right now! I just realized I have everything to make this, except the almond milk, but I'll try it with skim. Awesome idea!
I did have this for lunch yesterday, as a matter of fact…It should | 388 |
Wisdom from Perelandra
1 Comment / CSLewis, Desire, Suffering / By Matthew A LaPine
The woman is the Eve figure. The man is a traveler to Perelandra (young Venus) from Earth. To be young is to be naive and to be old is to know. Maleldil is the God-figure. This is a beautiful section especially as my thoughts have been considering suffering.
From Perelandra pg. 58-61
"Our Mother and Lady is dead," he said.
"What is dead?"
"With us they go away after a time. Maleldil takes the soul out of them and puts it somewhere else–in Deep Heaven, we hope.<|fim_middle|> unwelcome? Did you not wish it to be otherwise?"
"Oh," said the Lady. She turned aside with her head bowed and her hands clasped in an intensity of thought. She looked up and said, "You make me grow older more quickly than I can bear," and walked a little farther off. Ransom wondered what he had done. It was suddenly borne in upon him that her purity and peace were not, as they had seemed, things settled and inevitable like the purity and peace of an animal–that they were alive and therefore breakable, a balance maintained by a mind and therefore, at least in theory, able to be lost. There is no reason why a man on a smooth road should lose his balance on a bicycle, but he could. There was no reason why she should step out of her happiness into the psychology of our own race; but neither was there any wall between to prevent her doing so. The sense of precariousness terrified him: but when she looked at him again he change that word to Adventure, and then all words died out of his mind. Once more he could not look steadily at her. He knew now what the old painters were trying to represent when they invented the halo. Gaiety and gravity together, a splendour as of martyrdom yet with no pain at all, seemed to pour from her countenance. Yet when she spoke her words were a disappointment.
"I have been so young till this moment that all my life now seems to have been in a kind of sleep. I have thought that I was being carried, and behold, I was walking."
Ransom asked what she meant.
"What you have made me see," answered the Lady, "is as plain as the sky, but I never saw it before. Yet it has happened every day. One goes into the forest to pick food and already the thought of one fruit rather than another has grown up in one's mind. Then, it may be, one finds a different fruit and not the fruit one thought of. One joy was expected and another is given. But this I had never noticed before–that the very moment of finding there is in the mind a kind of thrusting back, or setting aside. The picture of the fruit you have not found is still, for a moment, before you. And if you wished–if it were possible to wish–you could keep it there. You could send your soul after the good you had expected, instead of turning it to the good you had got. You could refuse the real good; you could make the real fruit taste insipid by thinking of the other."
Ransom interrupted. "That is hardly the same thing as finding a stranger when you wanted your husband."
"Oh, that is how I came to understand the whole thing. You and the King differ more than two kinds of fruit. The joy of finding him again and the joy of all the new knowledge I have had from you are more unlike than two tastes; and when the difference is as great as that, and each of the two things are so great, then the first picture does not stay in the mind quite a long time–many beats of the heart–after the good has come. And this, O Piebald, is the glory and wonder you have made me see; that it is I, I myself, who turn from the good expected to the given good. Out of my own heart I do it. One can conceive a heart which did not: which clung to the good it had first thought of and turned the good which was given it into no good."
"I don't see the wonder and the glory of it," said Ransom.
Her eyes flashed upon him in such a triumphant flight above his thoughts as would have been scorn in earthly eyes; but in that world it was not scorn.
"I thought," she said, "that I was carried in the will of Him I love, but now I see that I walk with it. I thought that the good things He sent me drew me into them as the waves lift the islands; but now I see that it is I who plunge into them with my own legs and arms, as when we go swimming. I feel as if I were living in that roofless world of yours where men walk undefended beneath naked heaven. It is a delight with terror in it! One's own self to be walking from one good to another, walking beside Him as Himself my walk, not even holding hands. How has He made me so separate from Himself? How did it enter His mind to conceive such a thing? The world is so much larger than I thought. I thought we went along paths–but it seems there are no paths. The going itself is the path."
"And you have no fear," said Ransom, "that it will ever be hard to run your heart from the thing you wanted to the thing Maleldil sends?
"I see," said the Lady presently. "the wave you plunge into may be very swift and great. You may need all your force to swim into it. You mean, He might send me a good like that?"
"Yes–or like a wave so swift and great that all your force is too little."
"It often happens that way in swimming," said the Lady. "Is not that part of the delight?"
"But are you happy without the King? Do you not want the King?"
"Want him?" she said. "How could there be anything I did not want?"
There was something in her replies that began to repel Ransom.
"You can't want him very much if you are happy without him," he said: and was immediately surprised at the sulkiness of his own voice.
"Why?" asked the Lady. "And why, O Piebald, are you making little hills and valleys in your forehead and why do you give a little life of your shoulders? Are these the signs of something in your world?"
1 thought on "Wisdom from Perelandra"
Pingback: News from a Man – Christian Leithart | They call it death."
"Do not wonder, O Piebald Man, that your world should have been chosen for time's corner. You live looking out always on heaven itself, and as if this were not enough Maledil takes you all thither in the end. You are favoured beyond all worlds."
Ransom shook his head. "No. It is not like that," he said.
"I wonder," said the woman, "if you were sent here to teach us death."
"You don't understand," he said. "It is not like that. It is horrible. It has a foul smell. Maleldil Himself wept when He saw it." Both his voice and his facial expression were apparently new to her. He saw the shock, not the horror, of utter bewilderment, on her face for one instant and then, without effort, the ocean of her peace swallowed it up as if it had never been, and she asked him what he meant.
"You could never understand Lady," he replied. "But in our world not all events are pleasing or welcome. There may be such a thing that you would cut off both your arms and legs to prevent it happening–and yet it happens to us."
"But how can one wish any of those waves not to reach us which Maleldil is rolling towards us?"
Against his better judgment Ransom found himself goaded into argument.
"But even you," he said, "when you first saw me, I know now you were expecting and hoping that I was the King. When you found I was not, your face changed. Was that event not | 324 |
The CEDA African Section will be hosting an international symposium "Dredging without Boundaries" on 27-28 November 2014, in Casablanca, Morocco.
Dredging works have an important role in the construction and maintenance of port infrastructure in the world and particularly on the North African coast. Dredging projects are based around the three key parameters of environment, technology and finance.
While this focus is universal, regardless of the region, the level of importance will vary depending on local conditions and the interests of<|fim_middle|> casablanca, dredging, Morocco, News, November, set, Without. | the various stakeholders in the field of dredging.
In recognition of this, Dredging without Boundaries will bring together researchers and professionals from industry, academia and the governments of Europe and Africa, to promote an exchange of knowledge and experience in the field.
The symposium will aim to present a varied and comprehensive program covering key topics including: Legislation and regulations; Economic aspects of dredging; Dredging contracts of initial establishment and maintenance; Bathymetric; Oceanographic and hydraulics; Geotechnical influence on the design and costs of dredging programs and delivery; Impact on the environment (effect of dredging on various species present and future land use); Mining and beaches nourishment; Good use of dredged materials (alternative solutions for controlling the operation of a valuable natural source – the sand); Education and training.
A full program of events will also include a technical visit to the Port of Casablanca, and a social program including a conference dinner.
The official languages of the symposium will be French and English.
Posted on August 26, 2014 with tags Boundaries, | 224 |
The perfect option for today's easy eclectic spaces.
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Ainslee ParkHDP glazed porcelain floor tile is appropriate for all residential and commercial wall, countertop and backsplash applications, all residential and most commercial floor applications. Glazed ceramic wall tile is appropriate for all residential and commercial wall, countertop and backsplash applications. With the exception of select trim, decorative and ceramic field tile, this line is made in the USA of 40% pre-consumer recycled content, is GREENGUARD® and Porcelain Tile certified. | floor tile coordinate beautifully to allow for a continuous design theme throughout any space.
Four distinct colors: Breccia Mist is a cool gray with strong veining of dark smoke and wispy whites. Emperador Beige is a warm sandy neutral with a bright elaborate vein. Calacatta Gold is evocative of its namesake | 67 |
Principal The Reign of Adad-nīrārī III: An Historical and Ideological Analysis of an Assyrian King and His..
The Reign of Adad-nīrārī III: An Historical and Ideological Analysis of an Assyrian King and His Times
Luis Siddall
In The Reign of Adad-nīrārī III, Luis Siddall examines the evidence and edits new inscriptions from the king's reign to investigate the chronology, campaigns, imperial administration and royal ideology of the period. While historians have typically viewed this period as one of turmoil, imperial recession, political weakness and decentralisation, Siddall shows that Adad-nīrārī's reign marked a period of imperial stability, chiefly through changes to the administration. However, while politically successful, the imperial policy affected the king's ideological expression, particularly in terms of the description of the campaigns in Adad-nīrārī's inscriptions and his limited use of royal titles.
Categories: History
Editorial: Brill Academic Publishers
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Moderne und Postmoderne: Architektur der Gegenwart 1960–1980
Vieweg+Teubner Verlag
Heinrich Klotz (auth.)
Idioma: german
Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Information
Wiley-VCH
Moses Fayngold, Vadim Fayngold
The Reign of Adad-nīrārī III
Cuneiform Monographs
t. abusch – m.j. geller
s.m. maul – f.a.m. wiggermann
The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/cumo
An Historical and Ideological Analysis of
An Assyrian King and His Times
Luis Robert Siddall
LEIDEN • BOSTON
Cover illustration: Courtesy of Alyssa Coundouris.
Siddall, Luis.
The reign of Adad-nīrārī III : an historical and ideological analysis of an Assyrian king and his
times / by Luis Siddall.
pages cm. — (Cuneiform monographs ; volume 45)
ISBN 978-90-04-25613-2 (hardback : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-90-04-25614-9 (e-book)
1. Adad-nīrārī III, King of Assyria, active 810 B.C.–783 B.C. 2. Assyria—Kings and rulers.
3. Cuneiform inscriptions, Akkadian. 4. Akkadian language—Texts. 5. Assyria—History.
6. Assyria—History—Sources. I. Title.
DS73.745.S53 2013
935'.03092—dc23
This publication has been typeset in the multilingual "Brill" typeface. With over 5,100 characters
covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the
humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface.
ISBN 978-90-04-25613-2 (hardback)
ISBN 978-90-04-25614-9 (e-book)
Copyright 2013 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing,
IDC Publishers and Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher.
Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV
provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center,
222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA.
Fees are subject to change.
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
To my beautiful wife,
List of Tables .....................................................................................................
Acknowledgements .........................................................................................
List of Abbreviations . .....................................................................................
Introduction ......................................................................................................
Chronological Issues ......................................................
The Extent of the Empire .............................................
Chapter Three Royal Authority and the Dynamics of Power . .......
Chapter Four Early Neo-Assyrian Royal Ideology
(934–810) . .........................................................................
The Royal Ideology of Adad-nīrārī III . .....................
Conclusion .........................................................................................................
Appendix A Edition of the Tell Sheikh Hamad Stele . .................
Score of the Calah Slabs . ..............................................
Bibliography ......................................................................................................
Index ....................................................................................................................
Table 1: The Eponym Canon for Adad-nīrārī's Reign .........................
Table 2: Comparison of the Eponym Chronicle and the
Royal Annals . ..................................................................................
Table 3: Episode 1. Pre-Damascus: The North Syrian Alliance . .......
Table 4: Episode 2. The Ceremonial Expedition to the
Mediterranean Sea . .......................................................................
Table 5: Episode 3. Damascus ....................................................................
Table 6: Episode 4. Post-Damascus: Palestine and Nairi . ..................
Table 7: Compositional Chronology of the Textual Sources . ...........
Table 8: Rulers who Took the Title, šarru, from Old Assyrian
Period to Ninth Century ..............................................................
This book is a revised version of my Doctor of Philosophy thesis submitted
to the School of Oriental and African Studies, the University of London,
in 2011. The idea for this study began on one side of the globe and was
undertaken and completed on the other. In 2003, as an undergraduate
student, I was fortunate enough to read for a pre-honours and masters
level course entitled Assyrian Imperialism with Dr Noel Weeks at the
University of Sydney. In that course, there was a seminar on "The Eighth
Century 'Crisis'" which planted the seeds for this study in my mind. The
focus of that seminar was the role of the Assyrian magnates during the
crisis years. My dissatisfaction with the historical explanations given for
the rise of the powerful officialdom led to the idea to explore the so-called
Assyrian crisis in greater depth. The result was a far broader study of the
reign of the most significant king of this period, Adad-nīrārī III.
I would like to acknowledge the outstanding contributions my supervisor, Professor A. R. George, has made to this study. His willingness to offer
ideas and criticism combined with much patience has helped to shape
not only this study, but also the mode of my scholarship. I also owe thanks
to the other member of my supervisory team, Dr Daniel Schwemer. His
keen insights have added much to the quality of this work. I would also
like to acknowledge Professor Alan R. Millard and Professor Amélie Kuhrt
who examined the original doctoral thesis version of this study and made
a number of pertinent criticisms of that text. However, since this study
is my own work no blame can be ascribed to these scholars for its short
comings.
A host of scholars have shown their generosity with information and
the provision of unpublished work. Dr Stephanie Dalley (Oxford), Professor Eckart Frahm (Yale), Professor Grant Frame (Pennsylvania), Associate Professor Suichi Hasegawa (Morioka University), Dr Samuel Jackson
(Sydney), Professor Maria Grazia Masetti-Rouault (Paris), Dr Sarah Melville (Clarkson University), Dr Zoltan Niederreiter (Budapest), Assistant
Professor Daisuke Shibata (Tsukuba), Dr Sana Svärd (Helsinki), Dr Martin Worthington (Cambridge) and Professor Shigeo Yamada (Tsukuba)
have been kind enough to send me advanced copies of their research and
newly examined texts during the course of my candidature. I would also
like to thank the staff in the Department of the Middle East at the British Museum for access to, and assistance with, the many cuneiform texts
I read in their collection. The generosity of the above named scholars is
without parallel.
There have been others who have offered their time in an unofficial
capacity. Dr Weeks, Dr Jackson and Dmitri Carroll have been generous in
reading drafts and supplying extensive feedback. Chris Angwin has been
a ready source of IT and other technical forms of support. Alyssa Coundouris edited and improved greatly the line drawings. Jo and Phil Wheeler
cannot be thanked enough for housing me at various points during the
years I studied in London.
I have been fortunate enough to have been the recipient some generous funding in the course of this study. I would like to acknowledge
the School of Oriental and African Studies for awarding me an Overseas
Research Scholarship and a SOAS Research Fellowship. Without these
awards I would not have been able to pursue this study in England. The
Department of Classics and Ancient at the University of Sydney, and in
particular, the support of Dr Julia Kindt, was decisive in sending me to
London to pursue this study. The award of the Andrew Wright Travel
Bursary was a most generous boost. I would also like to acknowledge the
generosity of Dr Robyn Vern whose financial assistance greatly helped the
transition to Britain.
Finally, I would like to thank, with my deepest love and gratitude, my
wife, Anastasia, to whom this book is dedicated for her support during the
worst of times and being cheerful partner during the best of times.
L. R. S.
AfO Beiheft
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Lexicon of the Old Testament with an Appendix Containing the
Biblical Aramaic. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1907.
Beiheft zum Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients
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of Chicago. Chicago: The Oriental Institute Press, 1956–2011.
Catholic Biblical Quarterly
Culture and History of the Ancient Near East
D. J. A. Clines (ed.), The Dictionary of Classical Hebrew. Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix Press 1993–.
Göttinger Miszellen: Beiträge zur ägyptologischen Diskussion
M. E. J. Richardson (ed.), The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of
the Old Testament, 5 volumes. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1995.
History of the Ancient Near East/Monographs
History of the Ancient Near East, Studies
Handbuch der Orientalisk
Hebrew Union College Annual
Israel Exploration Journal
Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions
Journal of the Ancient Near Eastern Society of Columbia
Journal of the American Oriental Society
Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt
Journal of Biblical Literature
Journal of Cuneiform Studies
Journal of the Canadian Society of Mesopotamian Studies
Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient
Journal of Hebrew Scriptures
Journal of Near Eastern Studies
Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Supplement Series
Journal of Semitic Studies
Cuneiform text kept in the Kuyunjik Collection of the British
Keilschrifttexte aus Assur literarischen Inhalts
KASKAL: Rivista di storia, ambienti e culture del Vicino Oriente
Lexikon der Ägyptologie, 7 volumes. Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz
Verlag, 1975–1992.
S. Parpola, Letters from Assyrian Scholars to the Kings Esarhaddon and Assurbanipal, 2 volumes (AOAT 5). Neukirchen-Vluyn:
Neukirchener Verlag, 1970–1983 (Eisenbrauns reprint 2007).
Mari: annales de recherches interdisciplinaires
Mesopotamian Civilizations
MDOG Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft
NABU Nouvelles assyriologiques et brèves et utilitaires
OAC Orientis Antiqui Collectio
OBO Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis
OIP Oriental Institute Publications
OLA Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta
Orientalia Lovaniensia Periodica
OLZ
Orientalistische Literaturzeitung
OrNS
Orientalia Nova Series
Oudtestamentische Studiën
PEQ
Palestine Exploration Quarterly
PKOM Publicationen der kaiserlich osmanischen Museen
Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology
The Sumerian Dictionary of the University of Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania: Babylonian Section of the University Museum, 1992–.
Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale
Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia Assyrian Periods
RIMB
Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia Babylonian Periods
Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia Supplement
RINAP Royal Inscriptions of the Neo-Assyrian Period
Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie
State Archives of Assyria
State Archives of Assyria Bulletin
State Archives of Assyria Studies
Scripta Hierosolymitana
Studi Epigrafici e Linguistici
SJAC
Supplement to Journal of Ancient Civilizations
Studia Orientalia
Textes cunéiformes du Louvre
Texts discovered at Tell Halaf (Gūzāna) published in J. Friedrich,
G. R. Meyer, A. Ungnad and E. F. Weidner (eds.), Die Inscriften
vom Tell Halaf: Keilschrifttexte und aramäische Urkunden aus
einer assyrischen Provinzhauptstadt (AfO Beiheft 6). Berlin:
Selbstverlage.
Transactions of the Society of Biblical Archaeology
Ugarit Forschungen
VAS Vorderasiatische Schriftdenkmäler
Vetus Testamentum
Writings from the Ancient World Supplements
WAWSBL Writings from the Ancient World, Society of Biblical Literature
Die Welt des Orients
WVDOG Wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichtung der deutschen OrientGesellschaft
YNER
Yale Near Eastern Researches
ZÄS
Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde
ZDPV
Zeitschrift des deutschen Palästina-Vereins
Adad-nīrārī III ruled Assyria during a tumultuous period of Assyria's early
imperial phase from 810 to 783. Historians identify the period from the
end of Shalmaneser III's reign to the succession of Tiglath-pileser III (823–
745) as one of imperial downturn, political weakness and decentralisation. In larger historical works, it is common for historians to gloss over
this period and offer the reader very little in the way of detailed political
history. Similarly, historians who work on Assyrian royal ideology have
focused on the greater kings such as Ashurnasirpal II, Shalmaneser III,
Tiglath-pileser III and the Sargonids. Since scholarship has focused on the
more glorious periods with larger corpuses of textual material, monarchs
like Adad-nīrārī III have not been analysed to the same extent as other
Assyrian rulers. In this study we fill part of this gap by undertaking an
historical and ideological analysis of Adad-nīrārī III's reign.
The historical chapters of this study offer a deeper understanding of the
political history of the period by concentrating on the areas of our knowledge that are poorly understood, such as chronology, political relations,
the routes of military campaigns, and the roles of Sammu-ramāt and the
officials in the administration. Previous studies have looked at some of the
historical aspects of this reign, but none has taken an all-encompassing
approach like the one offered here. The chapters on ideology offer the
opportunity to expand our understanding of Assyrian royal ideology by
examining the inscriptions of a king in a period when the imperial drive
was not expansive. We will see how Adad-nīrārī conformed to, and varied
from, his predecessors and what those (in)consistencies indicate about
the relationship between ideology and politics.
The Study in Its Assyriological Context
M. F. Fales has recently called for movement in Assyriology away from
the study of a specific, narrow topic to that of the all-encompassing
works in the style of A. T. E. Olmstead's and S. Mowinckel's pioneering
studies.1 With the progress and near completion of the major international
1 Fales 1999–2001, p. 121.
Assyriological projects such as the Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia
Project (RIM) and Royal Inscriptions of the Neo-Assyrian Period (RINAP),
the Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project (SAA, SAAS), the Chicago Assyrian
Dictionary (CAD) and the Reallexikon der Assyriologie (RLA), Fales' goal
is far more attainable than previously possible. However, there is still
much to be gained in Assyriology and ancient Near Eastern studies from
the study of a chronologically narrow topic, such as one Assyrian king's
reign. Clearly other scholars concur, as evidenced by the appearance of a
number of monographs from the 1990s-on devoted to particular Assyrian
kings, Ashurnasirpal II,2 Shalmaneser III,3 Tiglath-pileser III,4 Sargon II,5
Sennacherib,6 Esarhaddon7 and Ashurbanipal,8 as well as countless articles and chapters. Thus, the current study, which examines the inscriptions from the period of Adad-nīrārī III's reign is not only well suited to
current scholarship, but also needed.
The historical study of Assyrian royal inscriptions began soon after
the decipherment of the Akkadian language in the middle of the nineteenth century, but we may identify Olmstead's 1916 text-critical study
of Assyrian royal inscriptions as the beginning of the modern phase of
historiography in Assyriology.9 His study on the development of Assyrian historical writing by representative monarchs from the Middle and
Neo-Assyrian periods followed the methods L. von Ranke championed in
historical studies and laid the foundation for the study of Assyrian royal
inscriptions in the twentieth century.10 However, it was not until after
the Second World War that Assyriologists began to undertake large-scale
historical or textual examinations of particular Neo-Assyrian monarchs'
inscriptions. The relatively late shift to deeper historical analysis is understandable because the Assyriological focus in the twentieth century was
on the translation of cuneiform documents, updating grammars and signlists, and the development of a comprehensive dictionary. Without such
tools and resources, accurate assessment of the history of Assyria was not
2 Liverani 1992a.
3 Schneider 1991 and 1993; and S. Yamada 2000.
4 Tadmor 1994; and Tadmor and S. Yamada 2011.
5 Fuchs 1994 and 1998.
6 Frahm 1997.
7 Porter 1993; and Leichty 2011.
8 Borger 1996.
9 Olmstead 1916.
10 For a summary of von Ranke's combining philology with history and his influence on
the nineteenth and early twentieth century scholarship see Gooch 1959, pp. 72–121; and
Evans 1997, pp. 18–22.
possible. It should also be noted that European and North American academia in general suffered during the inter-war period because of severe
economic decline and the rise of fascist dictatorships that restricted and
corrupted education and research.11
Prior to the 1970s, Adad-nīrārī III had received little interest. E. Unger's
study of the Saba'a stele, Weißbach's entry in the RLA, and Sidney Smith's
chapter in the earlier edition of The Cambridge Ancient History were the
most significant studies of his reign.12 However, in the late 1960s and the
1970s a series of studies devoted to the reign of Adad-nīrārī III appeared.
This boom was generated by the British School of Archaeology in Iraq's
discovery of the Tell al-Rimah stele in 1967, and its subsequent publication by S. Dalley (then S. Page) in 1968.13 Most notable are the articles by
H. Cazelles, H. Tadmor, A. R. Millard, and H. Donner.14 Much of the interest that followed the publication of the Tell al-Rimah stele was not ignited
because the new Assyrian stele shed light on a host of historical questions
for Assyriology, such as the role of the Assyrian magnate, Nergal-ēriš; but
because of the reference in l. 8 to Joash (mia-ʾa-su), the contemporary king
of the northern kingdom of Israel. While some scholars did look at the Assyriological questions the stele raised (namely Dalley, Tadmor, Millard and
Donner), the emphasis placed on the mention of Joash shows the connection Assyriology still has with the biblical text.15 That point is highlighted by
the reception of V. Donbaz's 1990 publication of the Antakya and Pazarcik
stelae.16 These stelae are most informative for the political history of north
Syria in the ninth century, yet with the exception of a handful of works,
they have received less scholarly interest in comparison to the Tell alRimah stele.17 It would be incorrect to suggest that Assyriology is misguided
in drawing links with cognate fields such as biblical studies. However, the
emphasis on the role the Tell al-Rimah stele has had in biblical studies has
often overshadowed the important place Adad-nīrārī's reign has for understanding the history of the early Neo-Assyrian period.
11 Evans 1997, p. 32.
12 Unger 1916; Weißbach 1928, pp. 31–32; and S. Smith 1925, pp. 27–29.
13 Page 1968a.
14 Cazelles 1969; Millard 1973; Millard and Tadmor 1973; Tadmor 1973; and Donner 1970.
15 For works that focused on the biblical relationship see Cazelles 1969, pp. 106–107;
Tadmor 1969, pp. 46–48; Soggin 1969, pp. 366–368; Page 1969a, pp. 483–484; Cody 1970,
pp. 325–340; and Shea 1978, pp. 101–113.
16 Donbaz 1990.
17 Weippert 1992, pp. 42–67; Hawkins 1982; Ponchia, 1991, pp. 8–11, 46–49; and Kuan
1995, pp. 75–78, 89–93.
Adad-nīrārī III's reign has been examined in some recent studies of
a wider historical interest. The new Cambridge Ancient History contains
two chapters that cover the period. Grayson's chapter on the early NeoAssyrian Period is now the standard history of the period.18 Hawkins'
chapter on the Neo-Hittite states covers the Assyrian interaction with
the cities of north Syria and Anatolia.19 Hitherto, the best study of Adadnīrārī III's reign is in S. Ponchia's 1991 book L'assiria e gli stati transeufratici
nella prima metà dell'VIII sec. a. C. in which she went beyond assessing
the political history of Assyria's interaction with the west, analysed the
typology of the textual sources and chronology of the period. While this
study investigates some of the same areas as Ponchia, we take a different approach to those questions and, in terms of political relations, we
examine a much broader region in a more narrow time span. Finally,
B. Oded has written an entry on Adad-nīrārī III for the Prosopography
of the Assyrian Empire (PNA).20 Oded's overview of the reign is comprehensive, highly useful and is a good replacement for the RLA entry, but
because of the limited space allotted for entries in the PNA, Oded's article
could not engage with some of the historical problems associated with
Adad-nīrārī's reign.
Interestingly, and at times somewhat nerve-rackingly, four studies
have been published on the reign of Adad-nīrārī III during the research
and writing of this book. S. Hasegawa published two articles on Saba'a
and Pazarcik stelae, respectively; A. Fuchs published an article on the
role of the officials; and E. Frahm edited three new texts from Adadnīrārī's reign.21 While these studies appeared after much of the research
had been completed, we have incorporated their findings and noted the
studies where they have been helpful or complementary. In any case, the
publication of these texts and studies is indicative of the need for a new,
wide-ranging study of the reign of Adad-nīrārī III in current scholarship. It
should be pointed out that there is one area of Adad-nīrārī III's reign that
has received repeated scholarly attention: the roles played by his mother,
Sammu-ramāt, and the Assyrian magnates in the imperial administration. The appearance of those figures in the royal inscriptions during this
period has been consistently interpreted as evidence of royal weakness.22
Grayson 1982.
Hawkins 1982.
Oded 1998a.
Hasegawa 2008 and 2010; Fuchs 2008; and Frahm 2009a.
Representative of this position is Grayson 1993 and 1999.
In chapter three, we will also examine the role of the officials and queen
mother by reviewing the evidence to test the standard thesis.
The textual evidence available from Adad-nīrārī III's reign comprises royal
inscriptions, decrees, letters, chronicles, Assyrian officials' inscriptions
and inscriptions from contemporary rulers. The royal inscriptions that
Adad-nīrārī III commissioned have been recovered from Calah, Aššur,
Nineveh, Antakya by the Orontes River, Maraş near the Pazarcik dam,
Tell Sheikh Hamad, Saba'a, Tell al-Rimah, and the village of Pāra, west
of Jebel Sinjar. The sections of the three Mesopotamian chronicles that
attest to Adad-nīrārī III's reign (the Eponym Chronicle, the Synchronistic
History and the Assyrian King List) are preserved. A stele of his mother,
Sammu-ramāt, has been recovered from Aššur and a number of officials'
inscriptions from Adad-nīrārī's reign have been recovered from various
locations. We also have a number of royal grants and decrees issued by
Adad-nīrārī. From Syria comes the Aramaic inscriptions of Zakur, ruler
of Hamath and Lu'aš, and the rulers of the middle Euphrates city, Suḫu,
detail the extension of their territory in a number of inscriptions shortly
after the close of Adad-nīrārī's reign.
Finally, mention should be made of the relevance of the relevance of
II Kings 13:5 to the reign of Adad-nīrārī III. In this passage, Yahweh is
said to have sent a saviour ( )מושיעduring the reign of Jehoahaz to free
the northern kingdom of Israel from Damascene control. As early as the
beginning of the twentieth century, scholars have suggested that this is a
reference to Adad-nīrārī.23 The argument is based on equating the meaning of מושיעand Akkadian nārāru/ne'raru. In each case, the use of the
Hebrew "saviour" and the Akkadian "aid/helper" is generally reserved for
military contexts.24 While some scholars have suggested different rulers
as the identity of the Biblical saviour,25 there remains the problem of the
vagueness of the reference itself. The Hebrew Bible is not shy to introduce
foreign figures in its narrative. The designation "king of Assyria" occurs
23 Winckler 1909, pp. 167 and 260; Schroeder 1912, p. 64; Hallo 1960, p. 42; Mazar 1964,
p. 145; Haran 1967, pp. 267–268; Tadmor 1971, col. 1317; Hallo and Simpson 1998, p. 126;
and Athas 2003, p. 290.
24 BDB: 446; CAD 11/1 (N): 346–347.
25 Jehoash of Judah, Jeroboam II of Israel, the prophet Elisha and Zakur, see Cody 1970,
pp. 336–337; and Millard 1973, p. 162.
regularly in Kings. If the saviour was Adad-nīrārī then one must ask the
question: why did II Kings not refer to him as the king of Assyria? A logical answer would be that the author of Kings26 did not wish to directly
acknowledge the aid of a foreign military power in an Israelite victory.27
To find a solution to this vexed question is beyond the scope of this study.
However, it should suffice to state that unless we discover more illuminating sources, the saviour's identity shall continue to elude us.
Despite the relatively late attention given to Adad-nīrārī III's reign, the
recovery and publication of his inscriptions goes back to the early days of
Assyriology and has been fairly consistent. The Calah and Nimrud slabs
were among the earliest texts published;28 while the Scheil-Millard fragment and the Saba'a stele were published in the early twentieth century.29
The Tell al-Rimah stele and the upper fragment of the Tell Sheikh Hamad
stele were published in the late 1960s and early 1970s.30 More recent
are the Antakya and Pazarcik stelae, and three highly fragmentary royal
inscriptions: a Gottesbrief, a prayer and a decree.31 In addition to this,
we offer an edition of the bottom half of the Tell Sheikh Hamad stele in
Appendices C and D. Photographs and an initial translation of the fragment were published in the Christies New York Catalogue (2000) and the
content of the stele has been discussed by K. Radner.32
The original editions of the texts can be consulted with the help of
two significant works. The first appeared in 1973 by W. Schramm, who
published a companion volume to R. Borger's Einleitung in die assyrischen
Königsinschriften in which he catalogued and described all the contemporarily known inscriptions from Adad-nīrārī III's reign.33 The second is
Grayson's RIMA 3 in which the majority of the inscriptions from Adadnīrārī III's reign have been edited.34 In addition to reliable, up-to-date text
editions, a bibliography for each text is provided. With the exception of the
26 We do not contend that there was one single author of Kings; rather the designation
is one of convenience.
27 On the use of the designation "King of Assyria" in the Hebrew Bible see Machinist
1983; Fleishman 1999; and Levine 2005.
28 Layard 1851, pl. 70; and Rawlinson and Norris 1861, pl. 35, nos. 1 and 3.
29 Unger 1916 and Scheil 1917, pp. 159–160.
30 Page 1968a; and Millard and Tadmor 1973.
31 Donbaz 1990; and Frahm 2009a, nos. 29, 64 and 79. pp. 69–70, 126–127, 154–156,
216–217, 250, 267–268.
32 Radner 2002, pp. 15–16; and Kühne and Radner 2008, pp. 33–34.
33 Schramm 1973, ch. 5.
34 Grayson 1996, pp. 200–238.
Tell Sheikh Hamad stele and the inscriptions published by Frahm, RIMA 3
is the standard reference work for Adad-nīrārī's royal inscriptions.
Re-Assessing Issues and Asking New Questions
Assyriology, like all disciplines, uses models and develops hypotheses and
assumptions to understand and explain the often diverse and complex
evidence. The period of Adad-nīrārī's reign offers the opportunity to both
elucidate a complex historical era and use the results to question some of
the models and assumptions that concern the Neo-Assyrian period. A central problem is how to understand the imperial hiatus and its effect on the
overall perception of Assyrian imperialism. We have noted that studies
of Assyrian history and royal ideology generally focus on the great kings
of the Neo-Assyrian period. A consequence of those investigations is the
often skewed portrayal of the Assyrian kings as Byron's "wolf on the fold".
We aim to open up a new insight into the mechanics of Assyrian imperialism by examining the evidence from a period when expansionism was not
an historical-political reality. The elucidation of the political history and
ideological principles of a lesser Assyrian monarch will allow us to:
a) gain a deeper understanding of the political conditions of the period
b) expand our understanding of Assyrian royal ideology by examining a
period when the imperial drive had suffered a hiatus
c) contextualise the findings from the analysis of Adad-nīrārī III's reign
by comparing them with the reigns of his predecessors
We hope that by assessing the evidence both in its own terms and in relation to the material from earlier periods our study will produce a wider
understanding of Neo-Assyrian history.
Methodology and Structure
This book is a political history, by which we mean an analysis of the
international relations (military and diplomatic), administrative and civic
undertakings of Adad-nīrārī III; and how those activities were portrayed
in the official records (royal inscriptions). In this way, the methodology
is philological, utilising the inscriptions from the period of Adad-nīrārī's
reign as the basis of the study. Where applicable, archaeological material
will be incorporated, but the extent of archaeological investigation will be
limited to the spatial context of inscriptions, settlement data and matters
of art-historical nature.
We have been reluctant to engage with a particular theoretical or analytical framework for this study because we feel that structuralist and
other "critical theory" systems of analysis are inappropriate for ancient
history.35 Our view on this matter will become clearer in the course of the
study, but it will suffice to say at this point that we adhere to a traditional
empirical-historical method in which an analysis should be conducted
from hard evidence (in our case textual sources) and therefore one's conclusion must be demonstrable on the basis of the evidence itself, and not
justified by a social, political or economic theory. However, we are not
naïve in our use of the Assyrian royal inscriptions for constructing the
history of the period. For decades Assyriologists have recognised that we
should be critical of the historical details in the inscriptions and that the
royal inscriptions are as much a source for the authors as they are for
the affairs on which they report.36 However, we are in agreement with
D. Charpin's recent statement that we need not treat royal inscriptions as
a literary genre alone, but continue to analyse their content for historical
reconstructions.37
In terms of format, we have not formally divided the study into two
parts, but chapters one to three deal with historical matters and chapters
four and five focus on royal ideology. The structure of the work does not
represent two separate inquiries, but rather investigates whether the features of the historical period shaped the ideological character. Thereby,
this study suggests that the ideological nature of Adad-nīrārī III's reign is
a reflection of the contemporary historical-political circumstances.
We have used the works of Liverani and Yamada on the Assyrian kings
Ashurnasirpal II and Shalmaneser III, respectively, as the model for this
work.38 However, each study, despite the model(s) on which it is based,
develops in its own way. Thus, there will be key differences between the
said studies and this study. In terms of royal ideology, Liverani has offered
a model of Assyrian imperialism; as a consequence his is the standard
essay for the field.39 There are also other notable studies that look at spe35 For a basic introduction and summary of Structuralism and other Postmodernist
methodologies and their use in the study of history see Jenkins 1991; and Evans 1997.
36 Liverani 1973; Hallo 1990; Van De Mieroop 1997, pp. 296–303; von Dassow 1999, pp.
288–230; and Beckman 2005.
37 Charpin 2010, p. 9.
38 Liverani 1992a; and S. Yamada 2000.
39 Liverani 1979.
cific aspects of royal ideology, for example titles and epithets, phraseology, art, war and religion.40 By conducting a systematic analysis of the
ideological principles of Adad-nīrārī III's inscriptions, we hope to add to
the findings of these studies and expand the knowledge of Assyrian royal
ideology with respect to the ninth century BCE.
Chapter one examines the chronological problems of Adad-nīrārī III's
reign. The royal inscriptions from this period have been viewed as "summary inscriptions" and deemed irrelevant for chronology. However, we
review the evidence in the light of the typology of the sources and chronology of the textual composition to see if a more accurate chronology
of the reign can be ascertained. We also consider whether the current
generic categories of Assyrian royal inscriptions are accurate.
Chapter two looks at Adad-nīrārī III's political relations and the route
of his campaigns. The inscriptions are few in number and provide unbalanced data, which emphasise material for the western campaigns. Despite
this, we also assess Adad-nīrārī's relations with the north, east and south.
Chapter three examines the dynamics of power inside the Assyrian
heartland, in particular, the royal authority and the administration. We
assess the role played by the queen mother, Sammu-ramāt, her treatment
in Assyrian historiography, and the role of the magnates in the imperial
administration with an emphasis on the "four strong men": Dayyān-Aššur,
Nergal-ēriš, Šamšī-ilu and Bēl-Ḫarran-bēlu-uṣur.
The study of Assyrian royal ideology begins in chapter four. This chapter
examines the terms 'ideology' and 'propaganda' and Assyriologists' application of these terms. This is followed by an assessment of the ideology of
the early Neo-Assyrian period and attempts to adapt Liverani's model to
better suit our analysis of royal ideology of the ninth century.
Chapter five returns to Adad-nīrārī III to assess the ideology of his reign.
The model developed in chapter four will be used to evaluate how Adadnīrārī portrayed himself, described his feats and how his texts compare
with those of his predecessors. A key aspect of this chapter is the section
on the use of the past in Adad-nīrārī's inscriptions. While not unique to
Adad-nīrārī's reign, it seems to be an idiosyncrasy of the wider period.
40 Hallo 1957; Reade 1979; Liverani 1981; Cifola 1995; W. Mayer 1995; Holloway 2002;
and Ataç 2010.
We have used, where possible, the Hebraised or Anglicised form of the
ancient names. For example, throughout the study we refer to the Akkadian name, Salmānu-ašarēd as "Shalmaneser". However, when we transliterate or quote from an ancient source we use the authentic rendering of
the name. In the case of Sammu-ramāt, we have opted against the Classical, and more popular, rendering of her name, Semiramis, to distinguish
the historical figure from the legendary one. This study does not assess
the relevance of the Classical and other traditions about Sammu-ramāt
because it has been the interest of other scholars and is not within the
scope of this study.41
41 The most recent study of the relationship between the Assyrian Sammu-rāmat and
the figure(s) of the other traditions is that of Dalley 2005 and Asher-Greve 2006, pp. 324–
329. For other treatments see Eilers 1971; Pettinato 1985; Weinfeld 1991; and Novotny 2002,
pp. 1083–1084.
Chronological issues
Much ink has been spilt attempting to understand the chronology of the
reign of Adad-nīrārī III. An endeavour to reconstruct the chronology of an
Assyrian monarch's reign without the survival or recovery of his annals
is a difficult task. An absolute chronology is unlikely to be accurate, so
the best that can be achieved is a relative chronology. Due to the current
absence of an edition of Adad-nīrārī III's annals, scholars have been
reluctant to ascribe chronological credibility to the extant inscriptions,
regarded as "summary inscriptions". In this chapter we show that it is
possible to extract a more detailed and reliable chronology of the period
from the inscriptions than has previously been achieved.
The crucial oversight in previous studies has been the lack of trust in
the chronological arrangement of the stele inscriptions. The usual method
for devising a chronology for Adad-nīrārī III's reign has been dependent
on the information provided by the Eponym Chronicle. However, the
Eponym Chronicle's record for Adad-nīrārī's reign is not without its problems. Therefore, we use a different methodology in this chapter. A close
examination of the stele inscriptions shows that there is a definite chronological structure in the military narrative. In this light the stele inscriptions should not be crudely dismissed as standard summary inscriptions,
rather those texts demonstrate the problems with current generic categorisation. A consequence, from an historical point of view, is that the
stelae's chronological structure enables one to establish a chronology of
textual composition, which can also incorporate other types of evidence,
and from this ascertain a chronological outline of the military and building undertakings. Another consequence is that this offers the opportunity
to determine the reliability of the data in the Eponym Chronicle with better evidenced information.
It is not possible to place all of the inscriptions from this period in the
present dating scheme. The cylinder seals, some of the officials' inscriptions and the royal letters are too formulaic to offer any possible insight
into the date of composition, or the purpose of the text is too specific to
offer a reference to a compositional date. The textual sources used to construct this chronology are the chronicles, the summary and stele inscriptions, some officials' inscriptions and the Zakur stele. The texts that offer
the greatest amount of historically datable information are the chronicles
and the res gestae inscriptions from Assyria. On the basis of those texts, it
is possible to postulate a chronological position for some of the remaining
texts, such as building inscriptions and the officials' inscriptions.
A. Previous Research on the Chronology
of Adad-nīrārī III's Reign
Previous studies of Adad-nīrārī III's inscriptions have focused only on certain aspects of his military affairs, in particular, the western campaigns.1
The attestation of the Israelite king, Joash, in the Tell al-Rimah stele has
been the driving force behind this interest.2 Following the publication
of the Tell al-Rimah stele in 1968, numerous articles appeared in the
late 1960s and 1970s which saw an emphasis on the correlation of this
"extra-biblical source" with either Begrich's3 or Theile's4 chronological
reconstruction of Israel and Judah.5 While the intense interest in the biblical question dominated the field, it also fuelled a number of investigations into the chronology of Adad-nīrārī's reign. In each case the studies
favoured the Eponym Chronicle's record over the stelae's historical information in reconstructing the order and date of the campaigns to the west.
This view still predominates, as shown by the two most recent historical
studies of the inscriptions. Kuan states:
The absence of annalistic texts from the reign of Adad-nirari III highlights
the significance of the eponym chronicle in helping to establish the chronology of Assyria's involvement in the west . . . Texts from Adad-nirari's reign
are "summary inscriptions" and provide few clues for dating.6
1 Page 1968a, pp. 139–153; Cazelles 1969, pp. 106–117; Cody 1970, pp. 325–340; Lipiński
1971, pp. 393–399; Donner 1970, pp. 49–59; Shea 1978, pp. 101–113; Millard and Tadmor
1973, pp. 57–64; Tadmor 1973, pp. 141–150; Millard 1973, pp. 161–164; Schramm 1972;
Schramm 1973, pp. 111–119; Ponchia 1991; Weippert 1992, pp. 42–67; Kuan 1995, pp. 71–106;
and Cogan 2008, pp. 33–41.
2 A.0.104.7:8, in Grayson 1996, p. 211.
3 Begrich 1929.
4 Initially Theile 1944, but scholars now refer to Theile 1983 (and its 1994 edition).
5 Cazelles 1969; Tadmor 1969; Soggin 1969; Page 1969a; Jepsen 1970; Cody 1970; and
Shea 1978.
6 Kuan 1995, pp. 71–72.
Similarly, Weippert states:
Das kommt daher, daß diese Nachrichten (i.e. those in Adad-nīrārī III's
inscriptions) nicht in der Form vorliegen, die man in der Assyriologie als
"Annalen" zu bezeichnen pflegt, bei weiter Auslegung des Begriffs also in
Gestalt von Texten, in denen die einzelnen Ereignisse in zeitlicher Reihenfolge aufgeführt und entweder bestimmten Regierungsjahren des Königs
oder fortlaufend numerierten "Feldzügen" zugeordnet werden.7
The preference for the Eponym Chronicle over the stelae's narrative structure means that scholars have been restricted to the entries in the Eponym
Chronicle for years 805–803, 798 and 796 as campaigns to the west, with
the location of the entry for the year 802 'to the sea' being debated. While
there is disagreement about most chronological details, one point that all
agree on is that the war against the north Syrian alliance, led by Attaršumkī of Arpad, as reported in the Pazarcik, Tell Sheikh Hamad, Saba'a
and Tell al-Rimah stelae, correlates with the Eponym Chronicle's entry for
805, "to Arpad". This point is, however, not without its own chronological
problems. The Saba'a stele begins the narrative of the campaign against
Arpad with the statement "in the fifth year (since?) I solemnly ascended
to the royal throne".8 According to the Assyrian King List, Adad-nīrārī III's
fifth year should be 806.9 However, for the year 806, the Eponym Chronicle records "to Mannea". Scholars have dealt with this issue in various
ways, proposing:
a) That the "fifth" year refers not to the period of 810–806, but to the
period after the debated regency of Sammu-ramāt, and therefore from
806–801. In this case, the Eponym Chronicle's entry for 802, ana muḫḫi
tâmti, refers to the Mediterranean Sea and is therefore the preferred
point of correlation between the two sources.10
7 Weippert 1992, p. 45.
8 ina šatti ḫamussi ‹ša(?)› ina giškussī šarrūti rabîš ušibuma (A.0.104.6: 11b, in Grayson
1996, p. 208). This statement has been consistently emended by reconstructing a ša in
the clause in order to treat the verb as a subjunctive. It is held here that this emendation
may not be necessary, and either reading has significant historical implications. See §D.1
of this chapter for details.
9 We follow the chronological scheme of Poebel (1943) that sets the reign in the years
10 Poebel 1943, pp. 82–84. Note that to maintain this thesis, Poebel must postulate that
the 802 entry is recorded a year in advance. Donner (1970, pp. 56–57) sympathised with
this thesis.
b) That there were two campaigns undertaken in 806, with the war
against Arpad carrying over to 805.11
c) That the campaign was ordered in 806, but not carried out or completed until 805.12
d) That the "fifth" year could in fact be a scribal error where only five
vertical wedges were inscribed on the stele instead of six.13
e) That there is a scribal error in the Eponym Chronicle.14
f) That the year formula has no meaning at all.15
There is, however, another alternative: that the statement of a fifth year is
not so much a chronological statement, as it is an ideological one.
Tadmor has pointed out a pattern that emerged from the 11th to 9th
centuries where Assyrian kings commissioned recensions of their annals
approximately every five years.16 It is noteworthy that the majority of
examples cited by Tadmor from the ninth century are stele inscriptions:
Ashurnasirpal II,17 Shalmaneser III,18 Šamšī-Adad V19 and, appropriately,
Adad-nīrārī III's Saba'a stele.20 Tadmor's observation has currency for
understanding the Saba'a stele. The impact this contention has on the
11 Page 1968a, pp. 147–148.
12 Poebel 1943, p. 84; and Cody 1970, p. 329.
13 Kuan 1995, p. 98.
14 A possibility suggested by Shea (1978, p. 106), which is not without parallel, for the
entries for 837 and 832 BCE during Shalmaneser III's campaign have caused problems for
chronologists. See, for example, the views of S. Yamada 2000, pp. 63–67; Lanfranchi 2002;
and Na'aman 2002, p. 327.
15 Pitard (1987, pp. 164–165) dismisses the year formula of the Saba'a stele without
offering a means to understand its place in the inscription; see also Hasegawa 2008.
16 Tadmor 1977, pp. 210–213.
17 The Kurkh Monolith (A.0.101.19 in Grayson 1991a, pp. 256–262), the Ninurta stele
from Calah (A.0.101.17 in Grayson 1991a, pp. 237–254), and the wall slabs of the Ninurta
temple (A.0.101.1 in Grayson 1991a, pp. 191–223).
18 Shalmaner III's annals follow a pattern of roughly five-year recensions: 1st and 2nd
year: Stone tablets from Fort Shalmaneser and the Kurkh Monolith (A.0.102.1 and 3 in
Grayson 1996, pp. 7–11, 24–25); 6th year: stone tablet from Kurkh (A.0.102.2 in Grayson
1996, pp. 11–24); 9th year: Balawat Gates (A.0.102.5 in Grayson 1996, pp. 27–32); 16th year:
tablets from Aššur (A.0.102.6 in Grayson 1996, pp. 32–41); 18th and 20th years: Calah Bulls,
a stone tablet and slabs from Aššur (A.0.102.8, 10–11 in Grayson 1996, pp. 42–48, 50–58);
and 28th and 33rd years: stone slabs from Aššur, the Black Obelisk, and a statue from
Calah (A.0.102.13–14, and 16 in Grayson 1996, pp. 61–84); see also S. Yamada 2000, pp.
19 Calah stele was the fourth year (A.0.103.1 in Grayson 1996, pp. 180–188) and the Aššur
stele is from the sixth year (A.0.103.3 in Grayson 1996, pp. 191–192).
20 Tadmor 1977, p. 210.
wider understanding of the period's chronology and what it means for the
first decade of Adad-nīrārī's reign is discussed below.
The various chronological studies can be loosely organised into three
groups depending on whether they argue in favour of one, two or three
campaigns to the west. The bones of contention between the three groups
are the dating formula in the Saba'a stele; whether the inscriptions record
more than one campaign; and how the Tell al-Rimah stele's attestation of
Joash fits with biblical chronology.
The two proponents of the one campaign thesis,21 Cody and Shea,
emphasise the correlation between the Saba'a stele's dating of a campaign
to the west in Adad-nīrārī's fifth year and the Eponym Canon's 805 entry
of a campaign to Arpad. Cody took those data and attempted correlate
them with the initial erroneous reading of the fourth line of the Tell alRimah Stele: "in (my) first year".22 Cody explained the difference between
the two dates (first and fifth years) as evidence of a regency between
Adad-nīrārī III and his mother Sammu-ramāt.23 A consequence of that
interpretation is that there must have been a significant amount of time
between the compositions because the alleged regency was disregarded
in the official, royal documents by the time the Saba'a was composed. In
order to fit this thesis into biblical chronology, Cody argued that Joash
held a regency with his father, Jehoahaz.24
Shea similarly argues that the information on military matters contained in the inscriptions known in 1978 (the British Museum fragment
of the Tell Sheikh Hamad, Tell al-Rimah and Saba'a stelae, Nimrud slab,
and Scheil-Millard fragment) related exclusively to the 805 campaign
to Arpad, which continued on in a "circle tour" to Syria-Palestine.25
Shea also argues that if one removes the reign of Queen Athaliah, on
the grounds that she was a woman, from Theile's chronology, then Joash
would have been on the throne by 805 BCE and could have paid tribute
to Adad-nīrārī III.26
21 Unger (1916, pp. 16–20) considered the account in the Saba'a Stele as one campaign.
However, his interpretation was handicapped by an ignorance of sources that we now
possess.
22 Cody 1970, p. 329. Dalley had initially translated ina 1-et mu.an.na as 'in (my) first
year', see Page (=Dalley) 1968a, p. 143, but she later corrected this to "in one year" (Page
1969b; also Brinkman 1969).
23 Cody 1970, p. 330.
24 Cody 1970, pp. 333–337.
25 Shea 1978, pp. 102–110.
26 Shea 1978, pp. 111–113.
There is a significant problem with those arguments. The composi
tional chronology of the inscriptions reveals that there were at least three
campaigns to the west, and that the Tell al-Rimah stele was commissioned after the Saba'a stele, not, as Cody's thesis demands, the other
way around. These details are dealt with in §D. However, it will suffice
to note at this point that Adad-nīrārī's inscriptions do not support a onecampaign hypothesis. Further the discrediting of Israelite queens and the
hypothetical reconstructions of biblical regencies are rather weak foundations on which to build a chronology.
The vast majority of scholars believe that there were at least two campaigns to the west. Donner has shown considerable doubt in being able to
distinguish the different campaigns, arguing on the basis of the Eponym
Chronicle, that there could have been between two to four campaigns to
the west, but the only one that fits chronologically for a campaign against
Damascus and the submission of Joash (according to Begrich's chronological system) is the year 802.27 Similar theses have been proposed by
Jepsen and Soggin.28 Schramm believes that two different campaigns can
be distinguished from the Saba'a and Tell al-Rimah stelae and should be
dated to 805 and 802.29 Schramm argues that ana muḫḫi tâmti in the
Eponym Chronicle refers to the Mediterranean and the Damascene war;
and not, as Brinkman suggests, the Sealand.30 Hawkins, Klengel and Oded
have suggested that at least two campaigns occurred, with the eponym
entries of 805 (to possibly 802) and 796 as the best identified western
campaigns.31
Dalley, Millard and Tadmor, Ponchia, Weippert and Kuan have argued
in favour of at least three campaigns to the West. Dalley argues that 806
(Tell al-Rimah and Saba'a), 802 (Eponym Chronicle) were against the
west, and, based on Theile's biblical chronology, a third campaign must
be dated after Joash's succession in 798; and that the last campaign
could be absent from the Eponym Chronicle if it was led by the governor, Nergal-ēriš.32 Millard and Tadmor argued that the first campaign
was from 805–803 against the northern rebels, 802 was the trip to Arwad
Donner 1970, pp. 56–57.
Jepsen 1970; and Soggin 1970.
Schramm 1972, pp. 515–517; and Schramm 1973, pp. 111–115.
Schramm 1973, p. 112; cf. Brinkman 1968, p. 217, n. 1359.
Hawkins 1982, pp. 399–404; Klengel 1992, p. 201; and Oded 1998a, p. 33.
Page (= Dalley) 1968a, pp. 147–149; and Page 1969a, p. 484.
(Tell al-Rimah) and 796 to Manṣuāte (Eponym Chronicle) relates to the
Damascene campaign.33 Indeed, the grounds for connecting Manṣuāte
with the Damascean region can be confirmed by the Syrian province,
man-ṣu-a-te or uruman.ṣumeš, attested in the reigns of Esarhaddon and
Ashurbanipal.34 The city is now thought to have been located at the
modern site of Maṣyaf, west of the Orontes River, and part of the former
Hamathite territory.35
In each case discussed the Eponym Chronicle played a key role, as
the defining text, in reconstructing the chronology of the period. Before
examining the inscriptions, we turn now to question some of the main
assumptions that have been held in past studies, namely the nature of the
Eponym Chronicle and the reliability of the stele inscriptions.
B. The Eponym Chronicle: Questions and Assumptions
As stated above, the Eponym Chronicle has been described as the key
to unravelling the chronology of Adad-nīrārī III's reign. However, Adadnīrārī's inscriptions do not correlate well with the information preserved
in the Eponym Chronicle. This is particularly true of the details of the
western campaigns and Adad-nīrārī's involvement in Babylonia, where
the only indisputable correlation is the Eponym Chronicle's notice of
Arpad for 805 with the stele inscriptions account of a war against the
north Syrian coalition. It is for this reason that we have to return to the
basic questions regarding the nature of the Eponym Chronicle and assess
scholars' assumptions about the chronicle.
What we refer to as the 'Eponym Chronicle' is the combination of two
different series of documents: the Eponym Chronicle and the Eponym
Lists. There are nine exemplars of the Eponym Lists and 10 of the Eponym
Chronicles. The difference between the two is the degree of recorded
information. The Eponym Chronicle records for each year the name and
titles of the ruler or official who held the office in that year, an event from
33 Millard 1973, pp. 162–163. Millard and Tadmor 1973, pp. 62–64; and Tadmor 1973,
pp. 148, and 1974, p. 40. The correlation of the Eponym Chronicle's 796 entry of Manṣuāte
with the Damascene campaign has found widespread popularity, for example Grayson
1982, pp. 272–273; Hawkins 1982, p. 403, Pitard 1987, pp. 163–164; and Weippert 1992,
pp. 49–52.
34 Ponchia 1991, pp. 45–49; Weippert 1992, pp. 49–52; Lipiński 1971, pp. 393–294, and
2000, 306–309; Radner 2006, p. 61; and Bagg 2007, pp. 166–168.
35 See Radner 2006, pp. 60–61; and Bagg 2007, pp. 166–168.
that year, and the number of years a monarch had ruled for the year of
his death. The Eponym Lists usually record only the names of the office
holder, except for exemplar A9, where it also records the office holders'
titles.36 There are many copies of the Eponym Chronicle and List. For a
detailed account of the sources see Millard's edition.37
Excavations in the late 1990s unearthed the earliest known versions
of an eponym list at the site of Kültepe (ancient Kaneš) dating to the
period of the Old Assyrian trading colonies in the region, probably beginning with the reign of Erišum I.38 Despite the long tradition of the limmu
system in Aššur, the method of election and the exact function of this
office is still unknown. In the case of the election of the limmu, it seems
that after a particular number of years they were elected by lot.39 Perhaps
part of the ceremonial side of the role is recorded in the votive text that
Nergal-ēriš dedicated in honour of his second term as eponym. The text
states that in his second eponymate, Nergal-ēriš provided the Adad and
Aššur cults with large quantities of sacrificial animals, flour and wine.40
The Eponym Chronicle, however, has an additional entry for each year
that reports an event, which can be of a military, civic or cultic nature.
This second, and historically more useful, list appears to have been utilised much later in Assyria, with the earliest copies beginning midway
through the reign of Shalmaneser III (859–827). It is clear that the idea
of including the additional information did not originate with Shalmaneser III; for eponym texts of this nature are known from as early as the
Old Babylonian period at Mari.41 The table below contains the Eponym
Chronicle's record of Adad-nīrārī III's reign:42
36 Millard 1994, pp. 4–5, and 1997, pp. 207–209.
37 Millard 1994, pp. 17–21.
38 See Veenhof 2003. For evidence of the use of eponyms in the Old Assyrian Period see
Larsen 1974, pp. 15–24. Previously this style of chronicle could be traced only as far back
as Enlil-nīrārī I in the 12th century BCE in Aššur, see Millard 1994, p. 7. For the inscription
see Grayson 1975, pp. 184–185; and Glassner 2004, pp. 184–185.
39 See S. Yamada 2000, pp. 323–325; and Finkel and Reade 1995.
40 Weidner 1939–1940, p. 318; Galter 1990, pp. 47–48; Grayson 1996, p. 230; and Niederreiter (forthcoming).
41 For the premier edition of the Mari Eponym Chronicle see Birot 1985, pp. 219–242.
42 Following Millard 1994, pp. 32–38, 57–58.
Table 1: The Eponym Canon for Adad-nīrārī's Reign43
Bēl-qātē-ṣabat
Adad-nīrārī
Nergal-ilā'ī
Bēl-dān
Ṣillī-bēlī
Aššur-taklāk
Ilu-issīya
Nergal-ēriš
Aššur-balṭi-Ekurri
Ninurta-ilā'ī
Šēp-Ištar
Marduk-išmânni
Mutakkil-Marduk
Bēl-tarṣi-ilumma
governor of Mazāmu
king of Assyria
the palace herald
the massenu
governor of the land
[governor] of Raṣappa
governor of Arrapḫa
of Aḫi-zuḫina
of Naṣibina
of Amedi
rab ša rêši
of Calah
in the land . . . .
to Gūzāna
to Manai
to Arpad
to Ḫazāza
to Ba'li
to the sea; a plague
to Ḫubuškia
to Lušia
to Namri
Aššur-bēl-uṣur
Marduk-šadûni
of Ḫabruḫi:
of Raqmat:
to Manṣuāte
to Dēr
Mukīn-abūa
of Tušḫana
Mannu-kī-māt-Aššur of Gūzāna
Mušallim-Ninurta
of Tille
Bēl-iqīšanni
Šēp-Šamaš
Ninurta-mukīn-aḫi
of Šibḫiniš
of Isana
of Nineveh
to Itu'u
Adad-mušammer
of Kilizi
Ṣillī-Ištar
of Arbela
Nabû-šarru-uṣur
Adad-uballiṭ
of Talmusi
of Tamnunna
Marduk-šarru-uṣur
Ninurta-nāṣir
Iluma-lē'i
of Zamura
of Nisibin
to Media; the foundation
of the temple of Nabû in
Nineveh was laid
to Media; Nabû entered
the new temple
to Kiski
to Ḫubuškia; Anu rabû
went to Dēr.
to Itu'u; 28 years, Adadnīrārī, king of Assyria
43 Here exemplar B10 diverges from the other exemplars by skipping Nabû-šarru-uṣur
in 786 and attests Adad-uballiṭ as the eponym for this year. See Millard 1994, p. 37.
Scholars have long recognised that the Eponym List and Chronicle are
texts that were updated annually—a point that is confirmed by the summary of Adad-nīrārī's reign in the entry for 782 BCE, stating that he ruled
for 28 years. This information agrees with the Assyrian King List.44
If the office of limmu lasted for one year and the Eponym Chronicle
reports an event for that year, then at what point of the year was the
Eponym Chronicle updated? The most widely accepted view is that of
Tadmor, who argued in response to the discrepancy between Adadnīrārī III's inscriptions and the Eponym Chronicle, that the notices relate
to the current location of the king and the main army during the Akītu
festival.45 However, there are problems for those who link the Eponym
Chronicle with the Akītu festival. First, the Akītu was widely celebrated in
a number of Assyrian cities during the Sargonid period and could be held
in Nisānu, Ulūlu, Adāru, Ṭebētu, Ayyaru and Tašrītu.46 Second, recent
research has doubted the scant evidence, both archaeologically and textually, for the existence of the celebration of the Akītu festival in Aššur
before Sennacherib's destruction of Babylon in 689 BCE.47 It is, therefore,
on the basis of evidence currently available, anachronistic to speak of
an Akītu at Aššur prior to Sennacherib and thus we should not suppose
that the Eponym Chronicle, at least not in this period, bears any relation to the Babylonian Akītu festival. This places the Eponym Chronicle
in opposition to the Babylonian chronicle tradition which indicates that
there was a connection between the festival and the chronicles.48 Further,
it is also clear that in the Babylonian tradition, if the king was not present
in Babylon during the New Year period the Akītu festival could not be
44 Khors. col. iv: 25–26: mdiškur-erim.táḫ dumu mdšam-ši-diškur 28 mumeš lugalta dùuš, see
Gelb 1954, p. 222. This is a significant point against Tetley's (2005, pp. 173–176) thesis that
Adad-nīrārī III should be ascribed a 50 year reign.
45 Millard and Tadmor 1973, p. 62; also Kuan 1995, pp. 10–22.
46 Weissert 1997, pp. 347–350; Tadmor 2004a, pp. 269–270; Pongratz-Leisten 1994,
§7.9.3; and 1997b, pp. 245–251; and George 1996, col. 375–377. Also for the earlier period
Cohen 1993, p. 417. Pongratz-Leisten (1998–2001, p. 294) and Dalley (2000a, p. 85, n. 38)
have pointed out that there is evidence from Mari that the Akītu festival might have
been celebrated in Aššur during Šamšī-Adad I's reign in the Old Babylonian Period. In a
letter (ARM I: 50) to his son, Yašmaḫ-Addu, Šamšī-Adad I requested mules and horses for
the Akītu festival. However, the letter looks to have been sent from Ešnunna, not Aššur,
and thus is not confirmation for the celebration of the Akītu at Aššur, see Wu 1994, pp.
47 Vera Chamaza 2002, esp. pp. 111–122; and Reade 2005a, p. 10. Cf. Van Driel 1969, pp.
57–59, 162–165; and Cohen 1993, pp. 417–418. For the earliest evidence of the Akītu<|fim_middle|> one text, albeit the second and
third exemplars are truncated, and that they were located in the centre
of the thresholds of the upper chambers suggests that they were not the
beginning of an annalistic text, but rather that the point of the inscription
was the genealogy itself. Thus, the first exemplar (ex. A) is a complete
inscription and the others are truncated versions. Russell has pointed
out that Adad-nīrārī's floor slabs are similar to the floor slabs of Ashurnasirpal II in the way the scribe's concern appears to have been focused on
75 For opposing arguments see Schramm 1973, p. 113; Tadmor 1973, p. 147; Grayson
1996, pp. 200–201; and S. Yamada 2000, p. 331.
76 Grayson 1996, p. 201.
77 Grayson 1991a, p. 192, and 1996, pp. 24–25 and 71; on Shalmaneser III, see also Schneider 1991, p. 171; and S. Yamada 2000, p. 11, n. 5.
78 J. M. Russell 1999, pp. 47–52.
79 Shalmaneser has a short genealogy consisting of only two-generations between the
titles and epithets section and military campaign. Ashurnasirpal also has a short genealogy
comprising three generations between the titles and epithets and the military reports.
filling the entire surface with writing, rather than a complete and intelligible inscription.80 This is a feature of Ashurnasirpal's and Adad-nīrārī's
inscriptions alone. Shalmaneser III and the Sargonid kings consistently
wrote complete inscriptions.81 Thus, the position of these slabs on the
thresholds of the upper chambers rather than on the walls, as in the case
of Ashurnasirpal II, and the truncation of the second and third exemplars
indicate that it is unlikely these slabs were a part of a larger series of slabs
that contained Adad-nīrārī's annals.
D. The Compositional Chronology of Adad-nīrārī III's
Stele Inscriptions
It has been maintained thus far that there is a definite chronological
arrangement of the historical narrative in the stele inscriptions. We will
now defend this view by analysing the inscriptions in order to determine
their compositional chronology. By identifying the order in which the
inscriptions were composed, one is able to determine a relative chronology for Adad-nīrārī's reign. There are three main points of investigation by
which we have determined the compositional chronology: absolute dating
and year formulae; identifying named persons; and distinguishing military campaigns. This analysis offers the opportunity to establish synchronisms with the non-'historical' texts (e.g. grants and brick inscriptions),
the Eponym Chronicle and the non-Assyrian inscriptions. This method
enables one to present a far more accurate chronology for the period than
taking the data and attempting to make it fit the ambiguous information
of the Eponym Chronicle.82
1. Absolute Dates and Year Formulae
There are very few references to absolute dates and year formulae in
Adad-nīrārī III's royal inscriptions. The terms palû 'reign' or more commonly in Neo-Assyrian royal inscriptions, 'term of office', and girru
'campaign' are absent from all currently known royal inscriptions from
80 J. M. Russell 1999, p. 87.
81 J. M. Russell 1999, passim, but summarised in pp. 212–213.
82 This method has been used by de Filippe (1977), and De Odorico (1994) to good
effect with the inscriptions of Ashurnasirpal II and Tiglath-pileser I, respectively.
Adad-nīrārī's reign.83 However, some of the decrees from Adad-nīrārī III
provide absolute dates. The decrees date to 809, 797, 793,792, 790, 788,
and 786 BCE.84 The decrees offer information that many would not deem
'historical' in the sense of the political events of the period. However, in
the Ištar Temple decree, Adad-nīrārī declares the authority of Nergal-ēriš
over the land of Ḫindānu. This decree is dated to 797, which means that
the two summary inscriptions that mention Nergal-ēriš, the Saba'a and
Tell al-Rimah stelae, can be placed chronologically after 797 because they
include Ḫindānu among the administered territories.85 This is a most useful reference for it establishes a fixed chronological point in the inscriptions' compositional history.
In the Saba'a and Tell al-Rimah stelae we find the use of year formulae of sorts. Neither of them should be understood in strict chronological
terms. The Saba'a stele contains the following:
ina šatti ḫamussi ina kussī šarrūti rabîš [ú-š]i-bu-ma
RIMA 3 A.0.104.6: 11–12.
In the fifth year I solemnly ascended to the royal throne
To make sense of this statement, scholars have suggested that there is a
relative particle, ša, missing after "ina šatti ḫamussi".86 Dalley has pointed
out that this reading makes sense of the subjunctive -u- in ušibuma.87
Indeed, a subjunctive is often used to mark a subordinate temporal clauses.
Donner argues that the ša is crucial as it functions adverbially in temporal
phrases for verbal relative clauses.88 He translates the pericope as "im 5.
Jahr, nachdem ich mich erhaben auf den Throne des Königtums gesetzt
hatte" (italics ours). It is also possible that this is another attestation of
the -u morpheme of the ventive known from Standard Babylonian texts
of the first millennium, most thoroughly examined by A. R. George in the
83 On the terms palû and girru see most recently Fuchs 1998, pp. 81–96; also Tadmor
1958, pp. 26–32 and 1981, pp. 15–16, n. 9; Ford 1968–1969; De Ororico 1995, pp. 163–166.
84 SAA 12 1:r13′; 10:r11′; 11:r1′–3′; 13:11e–12e; 69:r32; 71:r8′; 76:23′, 34′; 85: r34–35 (= RIMA
3 A.0.104.9).
85 Schramm 1973, p. 113; Tadmor 1973, pp. 147–148; and Kühne and Radner 2008, pp.
86 Page (= Dalley) 1969b, p. 458; Donner 1970, p. 55; Schramm 1973, p. 112; and Grayson
87 Page 1969b, p. 457.
88 Following von Soden 1952, §165d; see Donner 1970, p. 55.
Standard Babylonian version of the Gilgameš Epic.89 While this phrase
commonly has the relative ša and conjugates wašābu with a subjunctive,90
the phrase is found without the relative ša in two other cases in the royal
inscriptions of Shalmaneser III:
ina ūmešuma ina šurrat šarrūtīya ina maḫrê palîya ina kussī(aš.ti) šarrūtīya
rabîš ušibu
RIMA 3 A.0.102.2:i 14–15.
ina ūmēšuma ina šurrat šarrūtīya ina maḫrê palêya ina kussī(gu.za) šarrūtīya
RIMA 3 A.0.102.3: 18b–19.91
If these three instances are not errors, the ventive certainly complements
the statement, and would then mean "In the fifth year I nobly ascended
to the royal throne". The advantage of such a reading is that it does not
require a textual emendation. Further, this alternative reading may have
a significant historical outcome. It may suggest that there were four years
when Adad-nīrārī did not rule as an independent monarch. It is possible that this is a reference to a period that could well be reflected in the
Pazarcik stele and the Nabû statues of Bēl-tarṣi-ilumma, when Sammuramāt enjoyed political power.92
Unfortunately, the statement in ll. 11–12 is ambiguous in terms of dating the inscription. Some of the earlier interpretations of this inscription
viewed this line as an indication of an annalistic styled text. That is, the
89 See George 2003, p. 441. Other examples of this morphology of the ventive from the
first millennium is in Sargon's Letter to God, col. ii, l. 154, ú-šam-ri-ru; and the Nabonidus
Chronicle: 4: iš-lul-ú-ma and illiku (ii: 4, 6, 11, 20, 24 and iii: 26). For the texts see (Sargon
II) Thureau-Dangin 1912, pl. 8; W. Mayer 1983, p. 82; (Nabonidus) S. Smith 1924, pl. 12;
Grayson 1975, p. 106; and Glassner 2004, p. 234.
90 The phrase with the relative clause might well be first introduced in the annals of
Aššur-bēl-kala (A.0.89.2:i 8΄ and A.0.89.5:2΄ in Grayson 1991a, pp. 90 and 96) and Aššurdān II (A.0.98.1:6–7 in Grayson 1991a, p. 132). The phrase is certainly used once in the
annals of Adad-nīrārī II (A.0.99.1: 8–9 in Grayson 1991a, p. 143) and twice in Ashurnasirpal
II's annals (A.0.101.1:i 44 and A.0.101.17:i 61b–63). On one occasion in Ashurnasirpal II's
annals it is not clear if the phrase uses a relative form with a subjunctive or a ventive
(A.0.101.18:2΄ in Grayson 1991a, p. 255). The phrase is most common in the inscriptions of
Shalmaneser III where six times the phrase has the relative form (A.0.102.1:14; 2: 14΄–15΄; 6:i
28–29a; 10:19–20a; 11:14΄–15΄; 14:22b–23a; 16:6 in Grayson 1996, pp. 8, 14, 34, 51, 57, 64, 74,
and 171) and twice with the ventive. One is also directed to Table 1 in Hasegawa 2010.
91 For a full edition of this inscription see Mahmud and Black 1985–1986.
92 Schramm (1972, pp. 513–521) argued a strong case against the regency thesis, however
the publication of the Pazarcik stele (Donbaz 1990) should have led to a re-examination
of this issue, which is taken up in chapter three.
military narrative recounts a single campaign that took place in Adadnīrārī's fifth year.93 Indeed, the phrase "in the/my xth year (since) I solemnly ascended to the royal throne" is found, with the exception of this
inscription, only in annals.94 However, when the text is read in accordance
with the Pazarcik stele, it is clear that this inscription records the deeds of
at least two military campaigns in Syria: the first against the north Syrian
alliance led by Arpad (also recorded in the Parazcik stele); and the second
was the victory over Aram-Damascus. It is highly unlikely that all of the
events reported in the Saba'a stele could have happened in one year. If we
consider the possibility that Sammu-ramāt held a regency, does the "fifth
year" refer to five years since 810 when his regency with Sammu-ramāt
began, that is, 806? This view still has the problem of the miscorrelation
with the Eponym Chronicle's entry for the year 805 "to Arpad". Even if
the alternative translation of the accession statement was accepted, and
it referred to the five years since Adad-nīrārī first ruled independently, it
would mean that the date would refer to 801. This suggestion does not fit
the Eponym Chronicle any better than 806, and has the additional problem of including the earlier campaign against the north Syrian alliance in
an account of the war against Aram-Damascus. We suggest, instead, that
the year formula refers not to the first campaign against the north Syrian
alliance as such, but rather Adad-nīrārī has incorporated a practice popular in the ninth century of commissioning an edition of the annals approximately every five years, which could be inscribed on a stele.95 In this way,
the figure of "five" should be considered a round number. Support for this
argument is found in the date of composition. As noted above, the Saba'a
stele had to be composed after 797, which means there was a considerable
gap between the events narrated and the point of composition, for when
the Saba'a stele was erected, Adad-nīrārī's most recent military activity in
the west was the victory against Damascus.
An alternative would be to take the dating formula as a reference to the
point when Adad-nīrārī III became the sole ruler of Assyria. This would
mean that the discrepancy between the year of accession (806) and the
campaign against Arpad (805) could be Adad-nīrārī shifting a major campaign from the second year as sole regent to the accession year, just as
Sargon II placed the conquest of Samaria in his first year in the Nineveh
94 Hasegawa 2008, pp. 7–8.
prisms.96 Again this indicates that the date formula as an ideological motif
rather than a chronological statement.
The other possible evidence of a year formula occurs in the Tell alRimah stele. Line 4 reads: ina 1et mu.an.na (iltēt šatti) "In one year". There
has been considerable discussion about what is meant by "1et mu.an.na".97
The use of the ordinal number one is very rare in Akkadian outside of the
Old Babylonian period, and even then its use was sporadic.98 In the case
of numeral 'one' it was common for the ordinal form to be written either
in the same form as the cardinal, iltēt, or the by the adjectives maḫrû or
pānû.99 In Neo-Assyrian the common practice is to write ordinal numbers
with the adjective pānû in the letter corpus, while in the royal inscriptions
maḫrû is also frequent.100 Thus, it can be ambiguous whether the numeral
one is cardinal or ordinal in Akkadian, particularly when the number is
written using numerals, rather than a full phonetic spelling, as is the case
This phrase is also found in the Tell Sheikh Hamad stele. However, this
time the ordinal appears to be written phonetically: [ina il-t]e-et mu.an.na.
This, therefore, is not a year formula. Rather one understands it as a temporal expression.101 Tadmor has convincingly argued that there is a motif
in Mesopotamian historical writing of the warrior king who conducted
an epic-style battle in one year.102 The motif appears as early as NarāmSîn of Akkad, and is also used by Ašdūni-erim of Kiš, Yaḫdun-Līm of
Mari, and Samsu-iluna of Babylon.103 This is the most plausible explanation for the use of this temporal expression in these stelae inscriptions.
Consequently, there is no way to date the composition of the Tell alRimah and Tell Sheikh Hamad stelae by the phrase ina iltēt šatti. Instead
the phrase should be understood as an ideological statement promoting
Adad-nīrārī III as a great conqueror within the Mesopotamian tradition of
a victory over all nations in one year.
96 Tadmor 1958, pp. 31–32; and Hasegawa 2008, pp. 6–7.
97 Page 1968a, p. 143; Brinkman 1969; and Cody 1970, pp. 329–330.
98 von Soden 1952, §92.
99 von Soden 1952, §§69–70; and Huehnergard 1997, p. 239.
100 On the use of numerals in the letter corpus see Hämeen-Anttila 2000, p. 85. For
examples of the use of maḫrî as an ordinal number see the inscriptions of Šamšī-Adad
V (A.0.103.1: col. I 53b, in Grayson 1996, p. 183) and Sennacherib (col. i:20 in Luckenbill
1924, pp. 24, 163).
101 Stephens (1934, pp. 48–49) has argued based on a lexical text that mu.an.na in Sumerian means "the present year".
102 Tadmor 1981, p. 16.
103 Tadmor 1973, p. 143, and 1981, p. 16.
2. Named Persons
A number of datable figures appear in Adad-nīrārī III's inscriptions,
namely his mother, Sammu-ramāt; the magnates Nergal-ēriš and Šamšīilu; and foreign rulers Attar-šumkī and Zakur. The inscriptions that mention these individuals allow one to organise a chronological framework
for the other inscriptions.
The Pazarcik stele states that both Adad-nīrārī III and Sammu-ramāt
conducted the trans-Euphrates campaign against the north Syrian coalition and established the boundary between Kummuḫ and Gurgum. We
consider this to be the earliest inscription from his reign, as the later
inscriptions that deal with this campaign (the Scheil-Millard fragment,
Tell Sheikh Hamad stele, the Saba'a stele, and the Tell al-Rimah stele) do
not mention Sammu-ramāt in connection with it. The reason for this will
be dealt with in chapter three §B, but it will suffice to say for now that
we have a clearly defined division in the historical writing from this reign,
the inscriptions written while Sammu-ramāt still held power and those
composed afterwards.
On the basis of this, one can place three other inscriptions in the early
part of Adad-nīrārī's reign. The first is Sammu-ramāt's stele from Aššur.
The inscription reads:
ṣalam Sammu-ramāt sēgalli ša Šamšī-Adad šar kiššati šar māt Aššur ummi ša
Adad-nīrārī šar kiššati kallat Salmānu-ašarēd šar kibrāt erbetti
RIMA 3 A.0.104.2001.
Monument of Sammu-ramāt, consort of Šamšī-Adad, king of the world, king
of Assyria, mother of Adad-nīrārī, king of the world, king of Assyria, daughter-in-law of Shalmaneser, king of the four quarters.
One cannot view the reference to Šamšī-Adad V before Adad-nīrārī III as
a significant element in the dating of the stele, for one would not expect
Adad-nīrārī III to be called "king" during the reign of Šamšī-Adad V. Thus,
the inscription must date to the early part of Adad-nīrārī's reign.
The other two inscriptions are the Nabû statues dedicated by the governor of Calah, Bēl-tarṣi-ilumma. The two inscriptions are virtually identical and ll. 8b–9 specifically state that the statues are dedicated to Nabû
for the lives of both Adad-nīrārī and Sammu-ramāt. If Sammu-ramāt no
longer functioned at the royal court, then one would expect her name
to be absent from the dedication. There are other texts associated with
Bēl-tarṣi-ilumma and his administration, but these texts are difficult to fit
into a particular period for he was eponym in 798.104 As a consequence,
these texts could be from anytime during the first half of Adad-nīrārī's
reign.
The royal inscription on the Tell Sheikh Hamad stele should be included
among the earlier inscriptions from the reign, but after those that mention Sammu-ramāt. While Sammu-ramāt is absent, so too is the governor
of the relevant region, Nergal-ēriš, who wrote an inscription later on the
side of this stele. This means that there was a period between Sammuramāt's presence in the royal court and that of the elevation of Nergal-ēriš
to governor of Raṣappa. Important too is the absence of the campaign
against Aram-Damascus in the war report.
It seems that for the majority of Adad-nīrārī's reign, Nergal-ēriš was
the chief magnate. He features prominently in the stele inscriptions commissioned after Sammu-ramāt's time: Saba'a and Tell al-Rimah stelae. As
stated above, these inscriptions are to be placed chronologically after the
Ištar Temple decree of 797 BCE. Like Bēl-tarṣi-ilumma, Nergal-ēriš's seals
and those of the officials under him have survived.105 As in the case of
Bēl-tarṣi-ilumma, only an approximate date can be postulated for these
texts, from c. 803 to c. 775.106
Late in the reign of Adad-nīrārī III another official, Šamšī-ilu, rose to
prominence. He is identified as the turtānu in the Antakya stele. When
Adad-nīrārī became king, Nergal-ilā'ī was the turtānu.107 Šamšī-ilu does
not appear in the Eponym Canon until 780—two years after Adad-nīrārī
had died. This suggests that the Antakya stele is to be dated towards the
end of Adad-nīrārī III's reign. However, Kuan has attempted to date the
Antakya stele to the early part of Adad-nīrārī's reign. Kuan argues that
since Attar-šumkī is favoured over Zakur of Hamath, the date of composition should be in the period of Arpad's loyalty to Assyria before Adadnīrārī's campaign in 805 BCE.108 The major obstacle for Kuan's argument is
that the Antakya stele names Šamšī-ilu as turtānu when Nergal-ilā'ī would
have held the position. There are two false premises that underlie Kuan's
104 For the texts see Grayson 1996, pp. 227–229.
105 For the texts see Grayson 1996, pp. 229–230; and Masetti-Rouault (personal communication).
106 Millard 1994, pp. 57–58.
107 See the entry for 808 in the Eponym Chronicle in Millard 1994, p. 57. None of the
administrative texts that attest to Nergal-ilā'ī can be dated to a particular year. See Luppert-Barnard 2001, p. 948. For the texts see Postgate 1973, 177, no. 170; and A.0.104.2009
in Grayson 1996, p. 231.
108 Kuan 1995, pp. 77 and 100. A similar argument has also been proposed by Lipiński
argument. The first is that political relations are consistent. According to
this line of thought, once Attar-šumkī rebelled against Assyria, then he
would no longer be supported by Assyria in any way. However, there are
a number of cases when Assyrian imperial policy did not follow a linear
progression. Galil and Wazana have shown how Assyria continually reevaluated her policy in Syria-Palestine according the political climate.109
A most illustrative example is that of Tiglath-pileser III's handling of
Ḫanunu of Gaza, whom he reinstated as ruler of the city after he had
rebelled twice against Assyrian control in the region.110 In this way, it was
the pragmatism of Assyrian imperialism that saw Attar-šumkī receive the
favour of Adad-nīrārī later in the reign, despite the earlier revolt.
The second flaw is an oversight in the cited evidence. Kuan cites Millard's reconstruction of the Scheil-Millard fragment, where in the break
Millard suggests that Adad-nīrārī deposed Attar-šumkī.111 Nothing in the
extant inscription can verify such a reconstruction, indeed, the Antakya
stele demonstrates that this reconstruction should not be maintained.
The suggestion of c. 796 for the placement of the stele is far better than
Kuan's early positioning.112 A further chronological consequence for SyroMesopotamian chronology is that Attar-šumkī's reign more or less coinc | festival
in Neo-Assyrian period see Frahm 2000, pp. 77–78, n. 22.
48 See Grayson 1970a, esp. pp. 165–196.
celebrated.49 If the Akītu were to be celebrated in Aššur during this period,
would we not expect the same protocol to be followed? In this light Kuan
suggests that the Eponym Chronicle records only the main Assyrian
army's position during the Akītu festival.50 However, Kuan has trouble
maintaining this thesis when he argues, the more plausible aspect of his
view, that the entries such as the recording of a king's death were updated
retrospectively.51 To balance the argument Kuan sets up an unsatisfactory
model that there are two types of entries: the ana GN that are contemporary with the period when the chronicle was updated; and the records of
past events, that were added retrospectively.
What, then, can we suggest as an alternative to the Akītu festival as the
annual point of composition? It must be admitted that the most likely point
in the Assyrian calendar for the appointment of a new limmu is either the
festival periods or the beginning of the military campaign season. However, since campaigns were not conducted every year, it is less likely to
occur at the beginning of the campaign season. In Assyria, the two major
festival periods were in the New Year in the month of Nisānu (March–
April) and mid-year in the month of Tašrītu (September–October).52
What do the entries themselves signify? What do they tell us about
Assyrian historiography and the Eponym Chronicle? Furthermore how
can they elucidate the chronological problems for Adad-nīrārī's reign? It
has always been assumed that the final column of the Eponym Chronicle
refers to the year's military campaign. Such an argument needs further
qualification when we compare the Eponym Chronicle and Adad-nīrārī's
inscriptions. The first point of contention is the absence of Aram-Damascus
from the Eponym Chronicle. From the Saba'a and Tell al Rimah stelae,
and the Nimrud slab it is clear that Adad-nīrārī considered the victory
over Aram-Damascus as the highest point his military endeavours. Why
is this war absent from the chronicle? Further, what of Babylon? We also
learn from the Nimrud slab and the Synchronistic History that Adadnīrārī was involved in this region and suppressed the Chaldeans.53 While
49 For example, the Nabonidus Chronicle states that the Akītu festival was not celebrated while Nabonidus sojourned in Tema, see Grayson 1975, pp. 106–108; and Glassner
2004, pp. 234–237.
51 Kuan 1995, pp. 10–16.
52 Parpola (1983, p. 324) and Pongratz-Leisten (1998–2001, p. 296) indicate that these
were the two months in which the festival was celebrated in the Neo-Assyrian period.
53 A.0.104.8:22–23, in Grayson 1996, p. 213, and 1975, p. 169; and Finkel and Reade
Chaldea and Babylon were included in the Eponym Chronicle during
Šamšī-Adad V's reign, there was no such description in the section pertaining to Adad-nīrārī's reign. Brinkman has argued that the entry for 802,
ana muḫḫi tâmti, is to the Sealand in the south, rather than the commonly
accepted Mediterranean.54 However, the Sealand is usually written with
the determinative/logogram KUR. Instead we have the UGU-sign signifying that it is not the Sealand, but a sea coast, "to the sea". We think that
the entries for the years 795–794 and 785, which record activity in Dēr,
would be the more likely of point of involvement.
Another issue is that many of the cities listed in the Eponym Chronicle
are not attested in the royal inscriptions. This is not as astonishing as the
two previous observations since we have not recovered Adad-nīrārī's annals.
An edition of the annals from late in his reign could resolve the issue.
Having made these points, an examination of Adad-nīrārī's two predecessors' inscriptions in comparison with the respective entries in the
Eponym Chronicle provides significant results, as shown in table 2:555657
Table 2: Comparison of the Eponym Chronicle and the Royal Annals
Shalmaneser III
Šamšī-Adad V
Eponym56
Eponym
Mt. Amanus
Damascus/
Malāḫi/
Danabi
Melid
[Damasc]us
Cedar Mt.
Malāḫi
Revolt / [. . .]-ris?57
83758 Nairi
Mannai (near Nairi)
[. . .]-šume?
[Till]e
54 Brinkman 1968, p. 217, n. 1359; also Lipiński 1971, pp. 393–399; and Pitard 1987, p. 163.
55 The chronological data for this table stems from the research of S. Yamada 2000,
esp. pp. 63–67, and 2009, pp. xxiv–xxv (Shalmaneser III); Grayson 1976a, pp. 142–143; and
Reade 1978a, pp. 257–260 (Šamšī-Adad V).
56 The Eponym Chronicle, as we know it, commences with Shalmaneser's 18th palû. See
S. Yamada 2000, pp. 60–64, 2009, pp. xviii–xix; and Millard 1997, p. 208.
57 For 820 BCE there could be two divergent records, STT 348 edition of the Eponym
Chronicle records a revolt (sīḫu), while what is preserved of Cb4 reads [. . .]ri-is. See Grayson 1976a, p. 142 and Kuan 1995, p. 69.
58 For the problems associated with the years 838–837 BCE see S. Yamada 2000, pp.
205–206, Lanfranchi 2002; and Na'aman 2002, p. 96.
Table 2 (cont.)
Namri
Karduniaš
Que; Dēr
Que; Anurabû came
from Dēr
Urarṭu
Unqi
Ulluba
Till[e]
Dēr; Anu-rabû went
Aḫsana
Chaldea
Table 2 demonstrates that there was a consistent correlation of military
activity recorded in the annals and the notice in the Eponym Chronicle.
This consistency between annal and eponym notice is significant for two
reasons. The first is that it demonstrates that the ana GN entries should
be considered militaristic. The second is that the correlation causes a
problem for those arguments that view the ana GN notice as contemporary to the period of the change in limmu-ship. Was it possible that
during the 30 years that made up these two reigns the main Assyrian
army (and perhaps the king) just so happened to be at the city that
was the main objective at the turn of the limmu-ship? This is a most
unlikely scenario. We would prefer to view the notices in the Eponym
Chronicle as material added in retrospect stating what was considered
to be the most important event(s) for the limmu-ship just passed. It is
the use of the Eponym Chronicle (and Eponym List) that provides the
most support for this argument—a point rarely considered in previous
discussions of the Eponym Chronicle. The Assyrians would have viewed
the Eponym Chronicle in a very different fashion from the modern historian. The Eponym Chronicle's primary function was not to record the
major events of a particular reign. The use of the limmu in Assyrian
royal inscriptions and decrees argues against such an interpretation. For
example Adad-nīrārī III's Ištar Temple Decree closes with the following
typical dating formula:
araḫ Simānu ūmi 24 [limmu] Bēl-tarṣi-ilumma šakin [māti Kalḫi]
SAA 12 82/RIMA 3 A.0.104.9:r 34–35.
Month of Simānu, 24th day [of the eponym of] Bēl-tarṣi-ilumma, governor
of [Calah].
Similarly in Shalmaneser III's Kurkh Monolith stele we find the following
date for the sixth year:
ina limme Dayyān-Aššur ina araḫ Ayyari ūmi 14 ultu Ninua attumuš
RIMA 3 A.0.102.2:ii 78b.
In the eponym of Dayyān-Aššur, 14th day of the month of Ayyaru, I departed
from Nineveh.59
These examples show that data from the Eponym Chronicle were used to
date events from royal military campaigns to economic and administrative procedures. Millard, however, has suggested that the importance of
the Eponym Chronicle, as distinct from the Eponym List which serves the
purpose of dating events, was in the historical notices.60 Millard contends
that, on analogy with the Mari Eponym Chronicle, the Eponym Chronicle
could be an Assyrian equivalent to the Babylonian chronicles where we
can find an objective history of the Neo-Assyrian empire.61 Indeed, scholars have demonstrated the similarities between the Eponym Chronicle
and the Babylonian Chronicles.62 However, the similarity is the method
of composition and selection of the topic of the notice only, for there is
no evidence of the association of the Eponym Chronicle's notices with
any other intellectual activity, be it data for omen texts or other forms of
interpretive pursuit. As Millard himself states there is little evidence for
"'good' or 'bad' information".63 For example, in 802 there is mention of an
outbreak of plague. This is the sort of information one could imagine might
be included in an omen text. However, no details are offered concerning
the reason for its cause as is found in documents like the Plague Prayer
of Muršili.64 Further, the nature of the notices in the Assyrian Eponym
Chronicle is very different to that of the Mari Eponym Chronicle. The Mari
59 See A.0.102.2:78b in Grayson 1996, p. 22.
61 Millard 1994, p. 6.
62 Weissert 1992, pp. 273–282; and S. Yamada 2009, pp. xviii–xix.
64 Muršili blames his father's haste in breaking the treaty oath with Egypt as the cause
of the plague. For the text see Pritchard 1969, p. 395, §§4–5. I.
version does not include a register of the limmu officials' titles and seems
to have been written with the history of Šamšī-Adad I's rise to empire
in mind.65 The latter flies in the face of the contemporary nature of the
Assyrian Eponym Chronicle.
It is possible that the reason for the historical notices might not be
ideological, in as much as it could be pragmatic. There are a number of
occurrences of officials serving as limmu on more than one occasion. For
example, one of Adad-nīrārī III's turtānus, Šamšī-ilu, served as limmu for
the years 780, 770 and 752. In this light it has been suggested that the
historical notices were introduced into the chronicle system to distinguish
which term of limmu the document is dated.66 Such a reading suggests
that the Eponym Chronicle was not a part of, or a contribution to, the
intellectual milieu of astronomy and divination. Rather it was a method
of maintaining clarity for a dating system that was becoming vulnerable
to occasional ambiguity. The problem with such a reading is that we do
not find a distinction in the so-called "doubled" limmus in Neo-Assyrian
archival texts. That is, the historical notices do not appear in economic,
judicial or epistolary documents from the Neo-Assyrian period.
Another alternative is that the Assyrians have coalesced the older practice of using year names with the Assyrian limmu tradition.67 One would
have to view this coalescence as an ideological/intellectual innovation
rather than a pragmatic move. Indeed, the fact that the historical notices
are absent from the economic and judicial documents indicates that pragmatism was not the driving force behind their inclusion. In any case the
final word has not been said on the origin of the historical notices.
What, then, can we say about the Eponym Chronicle's account of Adadnīrārī III's reign? Unfortunately we must acknowledge that the emphasis
of the historical notices eludes us. If, as has been indicated by the records
for Shalmaneser III and Šamšī-Adad V, the Eponym Chronicle contains
references to the Assyrian army's major activities, then the absence of
Aram-Damascus is nothing short of mystifying. It would be difficult to
argue that, on the basis of the terse and often elusive information of the
Eponym Chronicle, Adad-nīrārī III did not campaign to Aram-Damascus.
The Nimrud slab inscription indicates that Adad-nīrārī did campaign to
the capital, Damascus:
65 See Birot 1985, p 223; and Millard 1994, pp. 5–6.
66 T. Davenport, personal communication.
67 For a relevant discussion of the nature of year-names in the Old Babylonian period
see Horsnell 2004, pp. 165–186.
ana māt Imērīšu lū allik Mari'i šarru ša māt Imērīšu ina āl Dimašqi āl šarrūtīšu
lū ēsiršu
RIMA 3 A.0.104.8: 14b–16.
I marched to Aram-Damascus. I confined Mari'i, king of Aram-Damascus, in
Damascus, his royal city.
Unless the siege described is a later embellishment of an attack that
occurred in Damascene territory that was said to be in the capital, there
is little way of reconciling this incident with the notices in the Eponym
Chronicle.
A final mention should be made of those entries that are clearly not
of a military nature. During Adad-nīrārī III's reign there are references to
building the Nabû Temple at Nineveh (788–787), the outbreak of a plague
(802), and the god, Anu-rabû, being returned to the city of Dēr (785).
Millard has acknowledged that the reason for the inclusion of these entries
eludes us.68 The construction of the Nabû temple in Nineveh would have
been a positive feat equal to any campaign, and therefore one can understand its inclusion. In this light, one would expect the building of temples
to be a regular feature of the Eponym Chronicle. However, temple building is attested elsewhere only in the reigns of Sargon II and Sennacherib
for the years 707–706, 704 and 701 respectively.69 Similarly, the account
of Anu-rabû coming from and going to Dēr is in all likelihood a reference
to the relations between Assyria and Dēr.70 Millard points out that the
god left Dēr only once (831), but returned twice (814 and 785). However,
if the notices for the years 795 and 794 were wars against Dēr, then it is
highly likely that during this period Adad-nīrārī re-confiscated the statue
of the god at the end of the war, and later returned it as a symbol of
diplomacy.
Ultimately this discussion of the data provided by the Eponym Chronicle for Adad-nīrārī's reign shows that there are problems correlating the
events recorded in the summary and stelae inscriptions with the entries in
the Eponym Chronicle. We turn now to examine Adad-nīrārī III's inscriptions to find an alternative scheme within Adad-nīrārī's historical writings
to elucidate the chronological problems.
69 See in Millard 1994, pp. 5, 60–61.
70 See Reade 1978a; Postgate and Mattila 2004; and Frahm 2009b.
C. The Question of Adad-nīrārī III's Annals
Before analysing the summary and stele inscriptions, we should first discuss the arguments concerning the existence of Adad-nīrārī III's annals.
It is a surprising fact that for a reign as long as Adad-nīrārī III's no edition
of his annals has been recovered. There is a predominant view that Adadnīrārī did not commission a series of annals. Most notable, and indeed
representative of many scholars, is Zawadzki's view that:
During his (i.e. Adad-nīrārī III's) rule we can observe the first symptoms of
political and military crisis in the state . . . It is symptomatic that there are no
annals from his reign. They were replaced by the so-called commemorative
inscriptions which reported events in geographical rather than chronological order; in this way, possible failures could have been hidden.71
This thesis is based on silence and the implication here is that annalistic
texts are produced only in historical periods that modern scholars perceive as politically strong. Yet Adad-nīrārī's father, Šamšī-Adad V, who
suffered from widespread revolt inherited from his father, Shalmaneser
III, composed annalistic texts. Indeed, Sennacherib's battle at Ḫalule is a
case where the annals, despite the Assyrian defeat, record the campaign.72
It should also be noted that archaeologists have not uncovered a well
preserved palace from Adad-nīrārī III's reign, and consequently there has
been little chance of finding an edition of his annals on foundation texts
or wall slabs. The discovery of just one version of Adad-nīrārī's annals in
an archaeological excavation or a museum (or private) collection would
undermine such an argument. Further, the numerous difficulties western
archaeologists and museums have had transporting artefacts from the
Near East put scholars in a highly tenuous position when constructing
arguments based on silence.73 Therefore, it is unreasonable to assume that
Adad-nīrārī did not commission an annalistic inscription during his reign,
and certainly not to cover up military setbacks.74
71 Zawadzki 1997, p. 384. This view is shared by most scholars. Cf. Grayson (1982,
p. 272) who is more aware of the textual silence.
72 See Grayson 1965, p. 342; and Laato 1995, pp. 206–213.
73 For an account of the disasters of the transport of artifacts from Aššur to the various
European collections see Grayson 1983, pp. 15–17; and Crüsemann 2003. Another matter
is the vast amount of texts that are yet to be studied in the various museum collections
around the world. See George 1997a, p. 72.
74 Cf. Van De Mieroop 1999, pp. 40–41; and the more positive approach of W. Mayer
1995, p. 294.
Many scholars have stated that it was in fact the officials, Nergal-ēriš
and Šamšī-ilu, who were responsible for commissioning the royal stelae
from Adad-nīrārī III's reign. However, in chapter three we will show that
this interpretation is not in accord with the textual evidence. The exception is the Saba'a stele, which states in ll. 22–23 that the monument is the
"inscribed stone of Nergal-ēriš". However, this inscription, is concerned
with Adad-nīrārī III's military campaigns in the style of a royal inscription and therefore should be considered as (at the very least) a copy of
his inscription.75
Grayson has suggested that the Calah slabs might be the first of a series
of yet undiscovered slabs that contain the annals of Adad-nīrārī III.76
He bases this argument on the numerous wall and threshold-slabs of
Ashurnasirpal II and Shalmaneser III found in their respective palaces.77
While some of these slabs contain an edition (or a variation thereof ) of
their annalistic inscriptions, some of the threshold slabs are inscribed
with non-annalistic inscriptions, though they are still generally military
in nature.78 We do not agree that Adad-nīrārī III's three genealogical slabs
are the first slabs of his annals. The content of the slabs is quite different
from that of Ashurnasirpal's and Shalmaneser's threshold slabs. The latter
kings' slabs are far more conventional in opening with a dedication to
Ninurta (Ashurnasirpal) or Aššur (Shalmaneser) and both move on into a
military campaign after their titles and epithets.79 Neither series of slabs
contains a long genealogy like that of Adad-nīrārī's texts. The fact that
the Calah slabs are three copies of the | 5,280 |
AMERICA/PUERTO RICO - After the resignation of the Governor, the Bishops invite every citizen to "rebuild a democratic country"
Thursday, 25 July 2019 social situation episcopal conferences
Elections: the Bishops praise the civic spirit of Puerto Ricans, the authorities need to listen to the request for change
World Mission Sunday 2020: In times of the pandemic, announce Jesus in the "suburbs"
"Pandemic and general elections": the pastoral letter of Archbishop González Nieves highlights "the pandemic of corruption"
The earth does not stop shaking, destruction and fear everywhere
Bishops of Central America gathered for the SEDAC Assembly
The Bishops: "We need political leaders who work coherently and for the people"
San Juan (Agenzia Fides) - "In this important and historic moment for our people, we Catholic Bishops of Puerto Rico, invite all the Puerto Rican brothers to maintain the serenity and democratic balance that this period of government transition deserves. It is time to move forward in this crucial moment in history, which calls us to a profound reflection as a Puerto Rican society. Let us make this a great opportunity to unite as a people and work together, without flags and parties, in the search for the common good to overcome the fiscal crisis, corruption, violence and other evils": this is the appeal of the Bishops of Puerto Rico, sent to Fides, a few hours after the news of the resignation of the governor of the island.
"It is time to rebuild the country as a democratic country, combining the will to develop new government policies that help the integral development of the person. Every citizen, no matter the color, creed, sex or political party, must give the best of himself, to start a new phase of life in the history of this people. Nobody must remain with their arms crossed, because, united, a better Puerto Rico is possible!", continues the text signed by Mgr. Rubén A. González Medina, CMF, Bishop of the Diocese of Ponce and President of the Bishops' Conference of Puerto Rico.
In a speech delivered last night by the government headquarters, Ricardo Roselló announced that he will leave the post of governor on August 2nd. He then summarized his government work by highlighting the adverse conditions in which he worked, including the destruction caused by Hurricane Mary and hostilities by the federal government in Washington. Puerto Rico is in fact a state freely associated with the United States of America.
After 12 days of popular demonstrations due to the publication of a chat where Rosselló and<|fim_middle|>U - Digital Plenary Assembly of the bishops: restructuring of CELAM, health crisis and current situation are on the agenda
AMERICA/VENEZUELA - At the end of the general assembly: Bishops comment on the "State of the Country" | his group of advisers deride and insult artists, journalists, LGBT and politicians (see Fides, 19/07/2019), the governor was therefore forced to resign. (CE) (Agenzia Fides, 25/07/2019)
AMERICA/VENEZUELA - Caritas publishes 2020 annual report: Almost 10 million people were supported
AMERICA/PER | 94 |
An unaggressive, bright and clear, sipping-quality rhum agricole that can serve as a bridge between traditional molasses rum and agricoles.
Clément holds the dubious distinction of providing one of the first agricoles I ever tried. That was five years (and some change) ago. At the time when I tried that Tres Vieux XO, just about the top of their range, I remember the clarity and smooth brightness of it, and how it flirted with a molasses profile without ever stepping over the line. That rhum was a blend of three exceptional years' production…the Hors D'Age I was trying this time around was supposedly a blend of the best vintages of the past fifteen years. On the basis of such remarks are high prices charged. Note the "hors d'age" statement – what that means in principle, is that the rhum is aged between three and six years, which strikes me as absurd for a bottle costing in the €90+ range. Still, it is an AOC rhum, Clément is enthusiastic<|fim_middle|>imlet eyed readers will note that as the years progressed and my experience and palate grew, I did a one-eighty on agricoles, and these days I think they are a marvellous part of the greater rum world. I guess I had to grow up sooner or later. Based on a retaste in 2014, if I had to score it (at the time this review was written scoring wasn't part of the review), I'd award 88 points easy, maybe even a shade more. | abut the care with which they assembled it, and all in all, it's a pretty decent dram.
Clément has a long history, dating back to 1887 and the purchase of domaine de l'Acajou by Homère Clément. Initially it just produced sugar and raw alcohol, but the demand for liquor durting the first world war persuaded him to upgrade to a distillery in 1917. After the death of Homère, his son Charles took over the business. Credited with developing (some say perfecting) the company's rhum agricole methodology, he studied distillation at the Louis Pasteur School in France, and named the first bottlings after his father. He subsequently expanded the company by instigating mass exports to France, which became the company's primary market outside the Caribbean. When he died in 1973, his sons took over, but thirteen years later they sold the Acajou distillery to another Martinique business owned by family friends (Groupe Bernard Hayot, one of the largest family businesses in France), who have kept the brand, heritage and plantation intact and functioning and modernized. The company gained the AOC designation in 1996.
Agricoles, of course, even the aged ones, trend towards a certain clarity and lightness to them…one might even say sprightly. The nose on the Homère Cuvée broke no new ground, while still being quite delicious to sniff. It presented a tasty mix of the tartness of freshly pressed apple juice (almost cider-like), and softer tastes of under-ripe apricots, freshly sliced. Some vague grassy hints wafted around, very much in the background, and after a few minutes traces of nuts and yellow mangoes and a little leather and waxy stuff rounded things out. It was quite soft and smooth, with very little sting or bite to it.
The golden rum was equally gentle to taste, providing very little aggressiveness even at 44% (unless it was just me and my palate being fireproofed by stronger drinks). The feel on the tongue was quite pleasant, gentle and easy-going to a fault. It started out smooth and then morphed to something drier over time. Sharper tastes of lemon dueled it out with more apples, mint-leaves and green grass, some brine and dates, all of which came together really well, with additional breakfast spices, cinnamon and hazelnuts being in evidence…even some chocolate. I found it, in fact, to be somewhat similar to the XO (they were side by side, so I tasted them both simultaneously, one to inform the other), just not quite as good. Still, even after all those tastes, there was still some faint traces of leather and smoke to round things out, and while I won't swear to a tinge of molasses in there, it certainly felt like it. The fade was sweet and aromatic, smooth and warm, pretty short, some wood, leather, chocolate and citrus ending the experience.
There's enough good stuff trapped in the bottle to please, even satisfy, just insufficient excitement to make it a ultra-remarkable drink that would score higher. Of course, chosing which vintages to blend into a rhum like this presents its own difficulties to the makers, and I'd never say it was bad rhum: my feeling is simply that the Cuvée had more modest goals than the rather more impressive XO, and aimed no higher. Did I like it? Yes. Enjoy it? Surely. It's a really well-made AOC rhum for those who like agricoles and displays the hallmarks of time and care and blending expertise. So when I say you won't feel short-changed by the Cuvée, that's entirely true…what you won't be is seriously challenged. Still, just because it doesn't rise to the heights of its predecessor is no reason to dismiss it out of hand. It's a worthy addition to the brand.
It's possible that this rhum has been made in order to replace the sadly discontinued XO. Some people disliked the XO (I was initially not enthused myself, though my appreciation grew over the years), and there's a whole FB thread about varying opinions on the matter; the cynic in me thinks that by not stating which vintages comprise the blend, it allows Clément the freedom to sidestep the issue of what happens when those vintages run out…unlike with the XO, where they couldn't mess with the assembly because everyone knew which years' production was inside. I hope the silence on the components of the Homère is more a trade secret than an end run around the buying public.
First posted 30 June 2010 on Liquorature.
A superlative agricole with good body, marvellous complexity and a really strong, spicy fade; yet not as sweet as some rums drinkers might like. As of this writing I'm not entirely won over by it (or agricoles as a whole), but concede the excellence of its make without hesitation.
Abandoned by all the ladies in my family for the afternoon, tasked with making sure my two boys didn't get into a fight over the Wii, I whiled away the hours by taking an appreciative sniff, slurp and swallow of this expensive rhum agricole from Martinique. At ~$120 from Willow Park, I had to think a bit about it, but the truth was that the Barbancourt had piqued my curiosity about agricole rhums, which are made from cane juice rather than molasses, and seem to be a characteristic of French Caribbean islands. In competition for my dinero had been a rum from India, which I decided to decline, an English Harbour 10 yr old I really agonized over, and one from Barbados, the Doorly's, which I bought, and which I'll save for a bit.
This rum may actually be the very thing Keenan likes: cheap cardboard packaging and an intriguingly different bottle shape, a foil-lined cork, gold leaf lettering, and a light honey-bronze liquid swirling invitingly within: in other words, some style, but not so much as to suggests excessive add-on cost. It is the top of the line of the Clemente estate on Martinique, founded by Homere Clemente in 1887. It bears the appellation AOC – Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée – just as for fine wine, the AOC guarantees that rhum agricole will have all the characteristics associated with its particular terroir (area of make).
Vieux – More than 36 months.
Très Vieux, Réserve Spéciale, Cuvée Spéciale, VSOP – More than four years.
Extra Vieux, XO or hors d'âge – More than six years.
Sometimes there's also a vintage year. In this case, the blend is of three reputedly exceptional years' production: 1952, 1970 and 1976. I may be getting better at this, or maybe I just had tasted enough rums by now to get a sense of what to look for. At 44% ABV, I certainly got that: a nose of some sharpness (the 47% Kraken was the same), but care had been taken to tone down that spirity aroma for which I had so marked the Kraken down. Toffee. A slight woodsy backdrop. Smokey, the slightest bit. Honey, crackers, a soft peaches note. Some cane sap and vegetal backdrop. And oh, that burnt sugar taste that was so exactly like the aftersmell of burning canefields at harvest time in Guyana, that it was like I never left (canefields are usually burned before cutting: it removes the undergrowth, kills insects and concentrates the sucrose in the cane). The golden liquid has some density and oiliness — it clung top the sides of the glass like honey, only reluctantly sliding slowly back down on fat slow legs.
The taste enhances what the nose promised: a solid, complex feel on the tongue, but not syrupy sweet, a common characteristic of agricole rums. It's like a good cognac, slightly dry, not marred by excessive sugar. It was a bit like a decent scotch (the Hippie will have to pronounce judgement here), and the flavours were pronounced and distinct: tannins, smoke, light fruit surrounding a solid core of burnt sugar. A slight note of cinnamon. It's warm on the palate as well, but the finish, if one can take it, is long and sensuous, and burns, but all the way down, leaving a taste of caramelized sugar lingering in the the throat. There's a clear kind of cleanliness to it, which perhaps won't be for everyone. For those who like their cheaper tipple to mix, I would not recommend this. Whisky drinkers should go ape for it.
Agricole – or agricultural (made from cane juice), to distinguish them from industrial (molasses-based) – rums are made to exacting standards (they would not have the AOC rating otherwise), and here I'll have to say that if the Barbancourt and this Clement are representative of the class, then, even with the quality I've described, I'm afraid thus far it's not entirely my thing. The maturation in oak imparts some of that sharpness and tannins to the taste which I've never really gotten to enjoy with the passion others do. And that heat so remniscent of whisky. But honesty forces me to concede the quality of other components of this rum: mouthfeel, nose, viscocity and density, and the complexity of the flavours just out of my capacity to separate, blending into a fascinating whole.
I don't think the money was a waste, as nothing that adds to my knowledge and education can be: but I doubt I'll buy another one of these premium agricole sippers, and after the taste and the thinking and the writing, what I'm really left with is the memories of being ten years old, and, fresh off the plane from Africa, watching the canefields burn, smoke rising from one horizon to the next, the dusk lit with the red glow of dying fires, and the smoke and sugar scent heavy and redolent on the tropical night air.
G | 2,174 |
NEW HEAD OF SPORTING OPERATIONS
'Ίt is with great pleasure that we welcome Stephen to Pafos FC family"
Roman Dubov. Chairman
STATEMENT FROM PAFOS FC:
Pafos, Cyprus,January 4th, 2021 - We are delighted to announce the appointment of Stephen Constantine as the new Head of the Sporting operations at Pafos FC.
Stephen is a former professional player, who played in the United States for the Pennsylvania Stoners and the New York Pancyprian-Freedoms and retired from playing at the age of 28, following a serious knee injury. After retiring from playing, he spent his early coaching career in the United States and Cyprus.
Stephen brings vast international experience, having managed 6 national teams and several clubs in 4 continents over the last 25 years. The national teams included Nepal, lndia, Malawi, Sudan, Rwanda and India for the second time. In his second stint with India he lead them to their highest ever FIFA ranking and a place in the Asian Cup Finals equivalent to the Euros. He also spent time in England and Greece with Millwall FC, AFC Bournemouth and Apollon Smyrni. Stephen has in-depth knowledge of the Cypriot Championship and a good understanding of the local mentality. He has managed in the Cypriot domestic leagues with ΑΡΕΡ Pitsilias, Ethnikos Achna, and Nea Salamina, the latter leading them to promotion to the Cypriot First Division and a 5th place finish in their first season back in the top flight.
During his career, Stephen was awarded Coach of the Year by Sports lllustrated lndia for all Sports, nominated for Coach of the Year TOl lndia, won 2017 Cypriot Coach of the Year Abroad, Voted Best English Manager Abroad in 2017, awarded Coach of the Month by the Asian Football Federation and received Order of Knighthood by the King of Nepal.
Constantine has worked as a FIFA lnstructor, and is a member of<|fim_middle|> his statement, Mr. Patel said: "It's been a wonderful journey. We have travelled a long distance together, and the world has seen it all. I would like to wish Stephen all the very best for the future, and thank him for all his efforts and contribution towards Indian Football."
AIFF General Secretary Mr. Kushal Das in his statement said: "We respect and accept his decision. I would like to thank Stephen for guiding us through a very critical phase in Indian Football. Under his guidance we witnessed some of the most successful days in Indian football in recent times. It's time for Indian Football to enter a new phase. I wish Stephen all the best in his future endeavours," Mr. Das stated.
In the AFC Asian Cup UAE 2019, India who were clubbed with hosts UAE, Thailand and Bahrain in Group A, finished on 3 points. After a splendid start in the tournament where the Blue Tigers beat Thailand 4-1, they went down to UAE 0-2 and 0-1 to Bahrain in the next two games, thus bowing out.
FROM DELHI TO THE DEN
After being asked by my good friend Owen Amos, a senior journalist for the BBC, to write my autobiography 3 years ago, it is now available!
It tells my story as Football's most travelled coach. From the Cypriot fourth division to the India National Team - twice!
I really hope it is a good read for you all!
A YEAR IN THE CHAMPIONSHIP
A Year in the Championship gives the reader a unique opportunity to review a seasons worth of training sessions by an English Professional Team.
Written by Stephen Constantine
If you wish to contact me or have any questions, comments or feedback on my website please email me: info@stephenconstantine.co.uk | FIFA's elite coaching panel since 2000.
Roman Dubov. Chairman: 'Ίt is with great pleasure that we welcome Stephen to Pafos FC family. Stephen is a well known and respected figure within the sports sector and brings a wealth of industry knowledge, both international and local. We are delighted to appoint him as the new Head of Sporting Operations and we look forward to his expertise and experience helping to accelerate our development and reach new hights."
https://stephenconstantine.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/stephen-final-7.mp4
When you think of great managers in the beautiful game today, the obvious names come to mind. Pep Guardiola. José Mourinho. Jürgen Klopp. Diego Simeone. Brendan Rodgers. But after you read this, you will want to add another name: Stephen Constantine.
British Football Coaches...
I am ready for the next challenge...
When Stephen Constantine reflects on a career that has so far taken him from London to Sudan via India, Nepal, North Korea and Rwanda among 80 other countries, he does so with an air of understatement.
His journey is a remarkable, complex one that he describes as a privilege. Yet the 57-year-old plays much of it down, almost surprised that there can be so much interest in his nomadic existence.
A dedicated, highly motivated and proven winner at every level of the game, with substantial international experience, having managed 6 national teams and several clubs in 4 continents over the last 25 years.
On the Radio...
Click on photo to listen to the interviews
On The Sideline with Vin Blaine; A podcast dedicated to Coaching Education. Interviews with top coaches and coach educators will definitely hold the interest of all coaches.
TalkSPORT the world's biggest sports with 2 of the best sports and funniest presenters; Paul Hawksbee and Andy Jacobs.
ABC Radio; Since the 2010 FIFA World Cup; Santo, Sam and Ed have made television, radio and podcasts showcasing their unique take on the world game
Click on photo to read article in new window
"Under Stephen Constantine we not only improved our ranking but were competitive against top teams in the Asian Cup. He consistently raised the self-belief of the team," Jeje Lalpekhlua, Chennaiyin FC
"Coach Stephen Constantine implemented values of hard work, continual improvement in performance, and professionalism on and off the field from the day he arrived." Danny Deigan, Head of Sports Science
Imagine taking over the reins of a national team at its lowest ever FIFA ranking and within three years, qualify for a first major tournament on merit in 35 years, jumping 76 places up the ladder not being the least of it
More media articles...
India National and U23 Head Coach - 2015-2019
All India Football Federation President Mr. Praful Patel thanked Stephen Constantine for his contribution to Indian Football.
Constantine who had taken over as the Head Coach of the Senior Men's Indian National Team in February 2015, announced his decision step down after India bowed out of the AFC Asian Cup UAE 2015 on Monday (January 14, 2018).
Constantine's contract with AIFF ran till January 31.
In | 689 |
It started with a tale of a remarkable woman and a simple question. An Icelandic friend took American anthropologist Margaret Willson to see the winter fishing hut of Thurídur Einarsdóttir, one of Iceland's greatest fishing captains, and—unusually—a woman. Known as Foreman Thurídur (foreman being the title given to the skipper of a traditional fishing boat), Einarsdóttir was born in 1777, and famously fished for 60 years without losing a crew member—a remarkable achievement in the dangerous North Atlantic. Willson herself once worked as a deckhand on an Australian fishing boat and knew enough to be impressed by Foreman Thurídur's record. She asked about other Icelandic seawomen, and her friend admitted she'd never heard of any.
So begins a detective story that uncovers the all-but-forgotten history of the seawomen of Iceland. For centuries—right up to the present day—Icelandic women have been pushing their way into the traditionally male world of fishing and the sea. Their work and abilities were once common knowledge, but not today. In Seawomen of Iceland: Survival on the Edge, Willson sets out to retrieve that lost heritage.
The author and her research assistants—mostly Icelandic women—combed newspapers, diaries, lists of drowned seafarers, and other historical records right back to the sagas to find seawomen's names and stories. They traveled to remote villages where women related their own tales of fishing and seafaring or those of their mothers, aunts, grandmothers, and great-grandmothers. They met people like Hulda, who, at age 88, was still going shrimp fishing with her 89-year-old husband. And they heard about others from the more distant past, such as Foreman Halldóra Ólafsdóttir, who fished in the mid-1700s, hired all-women crews, and was known for her skill and success. In fact, the seawomen were generally respected. In all the accounts of female foremen and helmswomen, both contemporary and historical, writes Willson, she found no record of any of them having a serious accident at sea or losing<|fim_middle|> part of their service to the farmer—was one of the few breaths of independence available to both men and women.
In many ways, the history of both Iceland and its seawomen is grim, but this is not a grim book. Nor is it dryly academic. The seawomen's tales are full of their love of the sea and pride in their strength and achievements, and Willson's sense of humor and enthusiasm for the sea and the seawomen shine through her very accessible writing.
Cite this Article: Claire Eamer "Book Review: Seawomen of Iceland," Hakai Magazine, Jan 27, 2017, accessed April 25th, 2019, https://www.hakaimagazine.com/article-short/book-review-seawomen-iceland/. | crew.
The tale of the seawomen goes hand in hand with the story of fishing in Iceland, so the book is also a social and economic history. It covers some difficult times, including long centuries when Danish law forced most rural Icelanders into servitude to the farmers who owned the land. Fishing—although still | 63 |
Lyon is the capital of the Rhone-Alpes region and the second largest city in France. You can get there from Paris by TGV for two hours. If you prefer traveling by air there are flights also departing from Paris's Charles de Gaulle Airport. There are two more airports 20km from Lyon, which serve for regional and low-cost flights. If you want to travel France by car there is a lot of road networks in Lyon joining several motorways: A6 (to Paris), A7 (to Marseille), A42 (to Geneve), A43 (Grenoble).
If you prefer winter kinds of sport the mountains of Lyon offer vast snowfields. Experienced skiers, snowboarders, hikers in snowshoes as well as amateur alpinists will find there a great opportunity for activity in the surrounding mountains. You should know that the Olympic Games has been held in Rhone-Alpes three times. So you can imagine what a great deal of wonderful facilities for sport activities have been built there and they all are for you now.
You may have a rest with your family, friends or alone, may choose the guide who will show the resort in its amazing beauty. And there are a lot of things you should see: from marvelous views of the nature of this region to its traditional villages. Among, the most known for Alpine skiing are les Deux-Alpes, la Plagne, Megeve, Tignes, Val d'Isere, Courchevel and Chamonix-Mont Blanc. If you go with your beloved ( check some ideas for a nice weekend getaways for couples ) , let walk around old city, discover old houses..
The central European Republic of Austria is a startlingly beautiful country steeped in a rich historical heritage both ancient and modern. Much of the beauty is cultural, with artistic and architectural treasures abounding. And all this cultural beauty wasn't produced by just one culture. Throughout its long history many cultures a played a role in making Austria the gorgeous nation it is today. There are so many world class aspects of Austria culture, but the classical music it has produced has been much more than noteworthy. Vienna, Austria has been the home of such musical greats as Beethoven, Mozart, and Strauss. In addition, the present state of the music of Vienna is certainly awe-inducing as well. The Vienna Boys Choir has been in service since 1498 and is considered one of the world's best choirs. If you aren't in the mood for classic or refined music, you can listen to yodeling in the land of its birth.
Austria is landlocked by the neighboring countries of Slovenia, Italy, Slovakia, Hungary, Switzerland, and Lichtenstein. This is why it is considered an ideal location for students who want to visit multiple European countries during their studies. At any given time a student can randomly decide to take a short day-trip to any one of these countries. You should just be up to speed on each individual country's passport regulations. Every country has its own little quirks in this regard.
Austria almost literally oozes with natural beauty. The country boasts a variety of different climates. Want world-class access to Alpine skiing? Check. Want some lazy fun in the sun? Check. Want something in between these two extremes? No problem. Austria is popular among students because of its beauty, comfort, and convenience.
This is why a trip "across the pond" is a great idea for a first time international traveler, or a student considering study abroad. In addition to a lack of language and cultural barriers (okay, they do talk a little funny), England has a first rate rail and public transit system. You won't have to worry about having to master driving on the wrong side of the road! And while England is an island, it's hardly isolated from the rest of Europe. France, Germany, and the Netherlands are a half day's trip or less, courtesy of the Chunnel. England is also a great jumping off point for exploring the rest of the United Kingdom. The rich history and culture of Wales, Scotland, and Ireland are only a few hours away, and easily reached via rail. And exchange rates between the American dollar and British pound are the best they've been in years, meaning your U.S. money can buy you some British bargains.
So remember- "trainers" are sneakers, "bangers" are sausages, and you're looking for the Underground, not the subway. With a little practice, you'll have them convinced that you're a native of, not a visitor to, "Mother" England.
Australia hаѕ ѕοmе fаntаѕtіс opportunities fοr scuba diving. Thе Grеаt Barrier reef іѕ famed thе whole world over, ѕο іt's hardly surprising thаt іt's one οf thе top diving hotspots.<|fim_middle|>. It is a good idea to put this on before your hike also. You may still get water coming in through the top of the boots but you can get gaiters which will stop a lot of water from coming in. Take your time and wear them in and then you will enjoy your new women's hiking boots.
Hiking Gaiters are great for a number of reasons. They protect your legs/ankles from cuts and scratches when bushwalking. They also provide protection from the natural elements such as the wind. Gaiters also help keep your feet dry by stopping water from getting into your boots. They also keep your legs and feet warmer. They are more often worn in the winter but they are also useful in the summer to stop stones and sand and the like from getting into your boots.
There are two types of gaiters, low cut and high cut. The low cut gaiters are used on shorter hiking trips and are more often used to keep your feet dry and to keep unwanted debris out of your boots. The high cut ones are used on longer hikes and for going through the bush or rough grounds.Gaiters come in a many shapes and sizes, generally the sizes are small, medium and large. I found the good rating for Outdoor Research M's Verglas Gaiters They are comfortable to wear and are often made from nylon, pack cloth or GORETEX providing more durability.
Protect your legs from scratches and unwanted debris.
Keep you warm which is great especially in the winter.
Keep you dry which is great in wet weather and for river crossings.
Extra warmth, dry legs/feet and protection are all important on a hike and they all add to your general comfort and the enjoyment of your hike. Make sure you get the right size and durable Hiking Gaiters. | One thаt уου mіght nοt bе familiar wіth, hοwеνеr, іѕ thе Nigaloo Reef.
It's thе crowning jewel οf thе Nigaloo Reef Marine Park аnd gives divers thе unique opportunity tο dive wіth whale sharks. Thеѕе stunning creatures саn grow tο a massive 18 metres іn length bυt luckily, thеу′re nο threat tο humans. Still, іt takes a brаνе traveller tο swim alongside thеm.
If уου′d rаthеr take a dip wіth something a lіttlе cuter, head fοr Baird Bay οn thе west coast οf South Australia. Here уου′ll hаνе thе chance tο swim wіth sea lions – аn altogether more playful set.
Now hοw аbουt a bit οf rock climbing οn Australia's best-known landmark? Thаt's rіght, уου саn take a trip tο thе top οf Ayers Rock – thе hard way. Sο іf уου want tο give climbing a gο, thеrе couldn't bе a better рlасе tο ѕtаrt.
Surfing іѕ аn essential activity іn Australia. Thе coast іѕ stunning wherever уου аrе bυt thеrе аrе ѕοmе beaches thаt аrе јυѕt perfect fοr surfing. Bells Beach, Bondi Beach, Byron Bay аnd thе Gold Coast аrе јυѕt a few examples – bυt уου won't know hοw gοοd thеу аrе until уου′ve tried thеm.
And finally, don't forget tο take a trip tο thе top οf thе Sydney Harbour Bridge. It offers ѕοmе fаntаѕtіс views over thе city аnd wіll give уου ѕοmе grеаt memories.
Lіkе a gοοd bottle οf wine, Australia іѕ grеаt fun аnd half empty іn thе best οf senses! Australia presents many ideal opportunities fοr adventure аnd exploration. Thе hυgе interior hinterland іѕ home οnlу tο kangaroos, wallabies аnd dust, ѕο thеrе′s plenty tο explore. Thе European settlers don't seem tο hаνе reached thе red centre ѕο іt remains a fаѕсіnаtіng living fossil οf Aboriginal culture fοr anyone armed wіth factor 'one million' sunscreen аnd a gοοd hat tο еnјοу. Distances аrе οn thе massive side ѕο a Zen-lіkе appreciation fοr thе journey аѕ well аѕ thе destination іѕ advised, аѕ well аѕ a desire tο meet ѕοmе οf thе world's mοѕt intriguing animals.
Volunteering here іѕ a grеаt way tο gеt around thе whole country аnd see thе best οf thіѕ giant frοm thе сοοl sophisticated coast tο thе tropical north. Thе colours sum up thе beauty οf thе country; frοm thе red centre tο thе gold coast, greens thrive whеrе thеу саn before being frazzled out οf existence аnd retreating tο thе tropical safety οf thе north. Thе bеаυtіfυl scenery іѕ breathtaking аnd thе locals want tο keep іt thаt way, thеrе аrе therefore, lots οf volunteer projects focusing οn nature аnd wildlife conservation.
I'm totally passionate аbουt travel, іt's bееn mу life аnd work fοr a gοοd few years! Mу travel adventures haven't really bееn аbουt seeing monuments etc bυt far more аbουt people аnd getting οff thе beaten track. I wουld lіkе tο share mу many experiences аnd offer a lіttlе advice іf I саn tο fellow travellers οr anyone whο іѕ јυѕt аbουt tο set οff οn a life changing trip!
Women's Hiking Boots are incredibly important for any woman who is off on a hiking expedition. It is important that you get good, comfy, long lasting boots. I have researched many boots and the most popular and highly rated boot came up as the Italian made Zamberlan. All the Zamberlan boots seem to get great ratings. They are comfy, durable and long lasting, have good traction and are waterproof. All together they sound like an awesome pair of boot. The other brand of boot that came out with a high rating was the Timberland. These boots take a long time to wear in but once they are worn in they are the bees knees. They last for a very long time and the best thing is, the more you wear them the more comfortable they get. Some of the other brands that also came up well are the Lowa, Asolo and Vasque.
If you don't have good shoes it can spoil the whole hike. It might also spoil it for your companions if your complaining about your blistering feet all the time! If you get good quality boots/shoes then you shouldn't have any problems. But if you don't get good quality boots that fit your feet and give your ankles support, you will probably have a hard time on your hike. Shoes/boots that don't fit well and don't air your feet well can cause blisters and it's incredibly sore to walk on a feet full of blisters, I know from experience. It slows you down and makes your hike plain miserable for you and your hiking buddies!!
So the first step is to insure that you get boots that fit your feet and make sure they are good quality ones. Hiking Boots are the same as most hiking gear, once you have them they should last you for a long, long time as long as you get good ones. So don't skimp on your boots, it will be worth all the time and effort and money you put in to insure that you get the best possible boots.
If you don't like purchasing shoes/boots online then most outdoor/sporting shops should supply hiking boots. If you know what you want before you go in it will make your shopping expedition a lot easier!
Make sure when you get your hiking boots that you wear them in before you hike. If you don't wear them in you may well get blisters and sore feet. You can get water proofing sprays to make sure your boot is really waterproof | 1,522 |
Iron deficiency (sideropenia or hypoferremia) is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world.Iron is present in all cells in the human body and has several vital functions,<|fim_middle|> as azaleas and camellias.
Iron deficiency (plant disorder), a plant disorder also known as "lime-induced chlorosis" | such as: carrying oxygen to the tissues from the lungs as a key component of the hemoglobin protein; acting as a transport medium for electrons within the cells in the form of cytochromes; facilitating oxygen use and storage in the muscles as a component of myoglobin and as an integral part of enzyme reactions in various tissues. Too little iron can interfere with these vital functions and lead to morbidity and death.
Total body iron averages approximately 3.8 g in men and 2.3 g in women. In blood plasma, iron is carried tightly bound to the protein transferrin. There are several mechanisms that control human iron metabolism and safeguard against iron deficiency. The main regulatory mechanism is situated in the gastrointestinal tract. When loss of iron is not sufficiently compensated by adequate intake of iron from the diet, a state of iron deficiency develops over time. When this state is uncorrected, it leads to iron deficiency anemia. Before anemia occurs, the medical condition of Iron Deficiency without anemia is called Latent Iron Deficiency (LID) or Iron-deficient erythropoiesis (IDE).
Iron (Fe) deficiency is a plant disorder also known as "lime-induced chlorosis". It can be confused with manganese deficiency. A deficiency in the soil is rare but iron can be unavailable for absorption if soil pH is not between about 5 and 6.5. A common problem is excessive alkalinity of the soil (the pH is above 6.5). Also, iron deficiency can develop if the soil is too waterlogged or has been overfertilised. Elements like calcium, zinc, manganese, phosphorus, or copper can tie up iron if they are present in high amounts.
Iron is needed to produce chlorophyll, hence its deficiency causes chlorosis. For example, iron is used in the active site of glutamyl-tRNA reductase, an enzyme needed for the formation of 5-Aminolevulinic acid which is a precursor of heme and chlorophyll.
Symptoms include leaves turning yellow or brown in the margins between the veins which may remain green, while young leaves may appear to be bleached. Fruit would be of poor quality and quantity. Any plant may be affected, but raspberries and pears are particularly susceptible, as well as most acid-loving plants such | 473 |
Your Trip to Washington, D.C.: The Complete Guide
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Washington, D.C. Airports
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48-Hour Itinerary
The Best D.C. Tours
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Theater Guide
United States Washington, D.C.
Washington DC Theater - Venues for Plays, Music & Dance
Rachel Cooper
Rachel Cooper is a travel writer who has lived in the Washington, D.C., area for more than 25 years. She is also the author of several books covering the capital and mid-Atlantic regions.
The Washington DC theater scene has been expanding in recent years. There are dozens of places around the region to see a wide range of live theatrical performances. Here is a guide to the leading performing arts venues providing the hottest Broadway shows, music, dance, and more.
John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
Hisham Ibrahim/Getty Images
2700 F. St. NW, Washington, DC. The premier theater is the home to the National Symphony Orchestra, Washington Opera, Washington Ballet and American Film Institute. Performances include<|fim_middle|> community.
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32 Great Penn Quarter Restaurants in Washington DC | theater, musicals, dance, orchestral, chamber, jazz, popular, & folk music; youth and family programs and multi-media shows.
Photo courtesy of the National Theatre
1321 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC. The 1,676-seat Federal-style theater is the oldest playhouse in the United States and has operated in the same location since 1835. The National Theatre offers Broadway-level plays and musicals, Saturday-morning children's theater and Monday-night showcases of local performers.
Paul Morigi/Getty Images
513 13th Street, NW Washington, DC. The theater is located in the heart of Washington, DC, a few blocks from the White House. Performances include comedies, dramas, musicals and more.
Ford's Theatre
Photo by Maxwell MacKenzie
10th and E Streets, NW Washington, DC. The theater is a national historic landmark, the site where Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth. On the second floor of Ford's Theatre, you can see the box seat where Lincoln was sitting when he was killed. On the lower level, the Ford's Theatre Museum displays exhibits about Lincoln's life and explains the circumstances of his tragic death. A variety of live theatrical performances is available throughout the year.
photo by Nic Lehoux courtesy of Bing Thom Architects
1101 Sixth Street SW Washington, DC. The largest of the Washington, DC area's not-for-profit theaters, features a range of performances from American classics to premieres of new plays. The theater recently completed a $135 million renovation and is now one of the largest theaters in the region.
Daniel Lobo
Harman Center for the Arts, 610 F Street NW Washington, DC
Lansburgh Theatre, 450 7th Street NW Washington, DC
The Shakespeare Theatre Company produces eight mainstage plays annually in its two downtown theaters.
Thisisbossi
1501 14th St. NW Washington, DC. This smaller theater offers a broad range of plays by some of the world's greatest contemporary playwrights. Located near Dupont Circle in Washington, DC.
Atlas Performing Arts Center
Joe Long
1333 H Street NE Washington, DC. Housed in a historic movie theater, the performing arts center is home to a diverse group of locally renowned theater and dance companies, symphony orchestras, choral groups, and arts education programs. As the artistic anchor in the thriving H Street corridor, the Atlas is committed to its neighborhood and arts | 528 |
AGF Announces Evolution of its Long-Standing Relationship with PFSL Investments Canada Ltd.
AGFMF
AGF Management Ltd.
November 22, 2021, 4:01 p.m. ·2 min read
AGF to offer a suite of mutual funds exclusively to PFSL customers in Canada
TORONTO, Nov. 22, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- AGF Management Limited announced today its investment management business, AGF Investments Inc., (together, "AGF"), has reached a definitive agreement with PFSL Investments Canada Ltd. ("PFSL"), regarding the establishment of a new multi-year product and services distribution arrangement.
As of the date hereof, AGF has been named as one of only two asset management firms set to initially launch on<|fim_middle|> plans to extend a second channel of the canal and to enlarge an existing channel after the Ever Given container ship ran aground and blocked the waterway for six days last year. The southernmost 30 km of the canal, where the Ever Given became grounded, is set to be widened 40 metres eastward and deepened to 72 feet from 66 feet, according to previously announced plans.
Moody's places all Citibanamex ratings, assessments on review for downgrade
Ratings agency Moody's Investors Service on Sunday placed all ratings and assessments of the consumer banking arm of Citigroup in Mexico on review for downgrade. In a statement, Moody's said the review was triggered by Citigroup's announcement that it would sell its Citibanamex https://www.reuters.com/business/citi-exit-mexican-consumer-banking-business-strategy-revamp-2022-01-11 consumer banking operations, which will end a two decade retail presence in Mexico.
3 Growth Stocks That Could Keep Crushing the Market in 2022
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Growth investors can look to buy ETFs such as XIT right now. The post TFSA Investors: 2 Top ETFs to Buy in 2022 appeared first on The Motley Fool Canada.
BRUSSELS (AP) — Euro finance chiefs on Monday ventured into a high-wire political balancing act prompted by conflicting economic forces: a weaker growth outlook and stronger inflation. Finance ministers from the 19 nations that share the euro currency pledged continued budgetary stimulus for the European economy amid headwinds caused by the highly transmissible omicron variant. At the same time, they sought to reassure voters by vowing vigilance over sharp price rises. "Am I concerned about infl
UK manufacturers feel the pay pressure from rising inflation
British manufacturers have offered higher pay deals to staff but many others are holding off on settlements as they monitor fast-rising inflation and get ready for higher minimum wages and a tax hike, industry group MakeUK said on Monday. Most pay increases ranged between 2% and 3%, below the recent pace of inflation, but went as high as 14% in some cases. The Bank of England is keeping a close eye on the impact of rising inflation on pay deals, something it fears could lead to longer-term inflationary pressures.
GENEVA (Reuters) -The global job market will take longer to recover than previously thought, with unemployment set to remain above pre-COVID-19 levels until at least 2023 due to uncertainty about the pandemic's course and duration, the International Labour Organization said in a report on Monday. Disruptions are set to continue into 2023 when there will still be around 27 million fewer jobs, it said, warning of a "slow and uncertain" recovery in its World Employment and Social Outlook report for 2022. "The global labour market outlook has deteriorated since the ILO's last projections; a return to pre-pandemic performance is likely to remain elusive for much of the world over the coming years," the report said. | PFSL's evolving distribution platform, solidifying AGF's ongoing relationship with the firm.
"At AGF, we have always been committed to putting our clients first, positioning ourselves for mutual success, and supporting the evolution of our strategic partners as they adapt to changes in the market," said Judy Goldring, President and Head of Global Distribution, AGF. "Given our long-standing partnership with PFSL, we are excited to continue supporting them through the offering of new products uniquely designed to deliver our investment capabilities in a structure that meets the needs of their clients."
AGF and PFSL have been working together since 1996 to help investors achieve their financial goals. Under this new distribution arrangement AGF intends to deliver a new line-up of mutual funds that will be offered exclusively to PFSL clients in 2022. The new funds are subject to regulatory approval.
Over the tenure of the relationship, AGF has continually strengthened the partnership by delivering new and enhanced investment and technology capabilities with the goal of automating and improving the client and advisor experience and supporting back office operations. AGF continues to evolve its technological capabilities with new features, services, and enhancements that will be an integral part of PFSL's servicing model going forward.
"The right product line-up combined with effective use of technology and a focus on continual digital transformation have been key to the success of our partnership with PFSL," said Chris Jackson, Chief Operating Officer, AGF. "We look forward to continuing our partnership for many years to come."
Today, PFSL has approximately 7,400 licensed representatives servicing over 300,000 Canadian individual investors across 460,000 investment accounts.
About AGF Management Limited
Founded in 1957, AGF Management Limited (AGF) is an independent and globally diverse asset management firm. AGF brings a disciplined approach to delivering excellence in investment management through its fundamental, quantitative, alternative and high-net-worth businesses focused on providing an exceptional client experience. AGF's suite of investment solutions extends globally to a wide range of clients, from financial advisors and individual investors to institutional investors including pension plans, corporate plans, sovereign wealth funds and endowments and foundations.
AGF has investment operations and client servicing teams on the ground in North America, Europe and Asia. With over $42 billion in total assets under management, AGF serves more than 700,000 investors. AGF trades on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol AGF.B.
Amanda Marchment
amanda.marchment@agf.com
2 Bank Stocks That Could Rocket Higher in 2022
TD Bank (TSX:TD)(NYSE:TD) is a severely undervalued bank stock that Canadian investors may wish to stash atop their watchlists in 2022. The post 2 Bank Stocks That Could Rocket Higher in 2022 appeared first on The Motley Fool Canada.
The dollar edged higher on Monday as traders continued to hold on to dollars but took the view that Federal Reserve tightening plans were largely priced in, while the euro eased from Friday's two-month high. An unexpected cut to key lending rates in China highlighted it as the outlier, with other major central banks in talks to raise rates. China's move only briefly weighed on the yuan.
BAMAKO, Mali (AP) — Ibrahim Boubacar Keita, the former president of Mali who took office in a landmark election held after a destabilizing coup only to be ousted in another military takeover nearly seven years later, has died. He was 76. Keita, known to Malians by his initials IBK, had been in declining health since his forced resignation in August 2020, and had sought medical treatment in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, shortly after his release from junta custody. The transitional government, whi
Suez Canal expansion due to finish in July 2023 - SCA chairman
A project to expand parts of the Suez Canal is expected to be completed after two years of work in July 2023, the chairman of the Suez Canal Authority (SCA) said on Sunday. The SCA announced accelerated | 865 |
Class 5A & Class 6A
Father Ryan at MBA
By bigbigguy, September 23, 2006 in Class 5A & Class 6A
my2cents 0
Hey Dad why don't you come up for this one? We are taking the party barge down to the game and then the Mind and his Bride are going up to Clarksville with us to see Spencer and maybe Tyler at Austin Peay. Gonna have RIBS to snack on at the Peay game!!! Don't tell Lost Old Dad!
Yeah.. I agree Ryan wins<|fim_middle|>+1=2.
Good Luck to both teams the rest of the way.
P.S. Where is Ole Dad who predicted a melt down of the MBA squad? If you are so bold as to make such a ridiculous prediction you should come back to take your lumps when you are wrong.
jp2fan 0
Yeah you're not an excuse maker!
Where is Ole Dad and fieldman? They have no comments about this game!
MWR 0
Funny JP2fan that you've decided to start running your mouth on the boards again. Aren't you the one who's always wishing the Irish good luck and that you are rooting for them? Just remember who has the Bishop's Cup and who will have it for many seasons to come. | this one . Hope they do, since we are goiing to be there. Lussier may not want me there, I have been to a few games but have never seen them win. This will be the one to break the string.
And the streak continues.
MBA really didn't do much after the first quarter at all. The first two drives, if I recall correctly, they were in Ryan territory including the first drive where they got to the Irish 1. After that, Ryan really settled down and played their defense but the offense couldn't do much(as posted earlier no first downs in the first half). Part of the reason for that is rotating quarterbacks. I do not think they can continue to do this anymore to succeed. Anyways, I am not an excuse maker when we lose, but the Father Ryan TD that was called back was trash. I would like to see the tape of the game and see what happened there. I heard that FR #8 pushed the MBA defender right in the chest and was engaged for less than a second and was flagged for holding. I do feel that the refs called a lot of bad penalties and didn't let the two sides play the game.
Maybe we will see you again in the playoffs and you can have a real quarterback and throw the ball more than twice(with your wide receiver). The play calling really had the Irish in a bind.
It will be interesting to see what Jeff Lockridge or whatever the HS football writer for the Tennessean writes about the game. I have heard in the past that he is an MBA grad. Is that true? If so, that explains why he makes all the Irish wins sound like pure luck.
One more question, what went wrong in your game against CBHS? I never saw anything but the score and that is how I came up with my prediction for tonight. I guess the traveling really hurts.
I never thought I would say this but good luck to MBA because we want you in the playoffs(please God let us beat BGA).
Oh yea, a little bit of cockiness didn't hurt the Irish either....
wavelax1 0
Good win Big Red. Shut the Irish up for a few weeks.
rollredroll 17
Record Holder
1) I do feel that the refs called a lot of bad penalties and didn't let the two sides play the game.
2) It will be interesting to see what Jeff Lockridge or whatever the HS football writer for the Tennessean writes about the game. I have heard in the past that he is an MBA grad. Is that true? If so, that explains why he makes all the Irish wins sound like pure luck.
3) One more question, what went wrong in your game against CBHS? I never saw anything but the score and that is how I came up with my prediction for tonight. I guess the traveling really hurts.
4) I never thought I would say this but good luck to MBA because we want you in the playoffs(please God let us beat BGA).
1) MBA averages nearly 7 penalties a game; Ryan about 6. Both teams were penalized less than their average last night (MBA 5, Ryan 4).
2) Lockridge is not an MBA grad. His name does not show up in an MBA Alumni Directory.
3) MBA used a much different offense (and QB) in the CBHS game and it hurt, thus the changes we've seen last night and last week versus JPII.
4) Ryan will beat BGA. MBA has a tougher road ahead, and it won't be easy.
redhot&blue 0
Lockridge is an alum of Johnny Overton.
Edited September 30, 2006 by redhot&blue
DS2001 0
Congrats Big Red on the win from a Ryan Alum.....10 in a row is hard for us to swallow, but that game was more typical of our rivalry over the past 75 years.......Coach Rutledge and the staff made quite an adjustment to shift to a an offense that doesn`t use a quarterback as much....It really stymied the Irish in the 1st quarter...MBA has some hitters on Defense.....Ryan was able to move the ball in the second half, but kept shooting themselves in the foot with penalties at key times....Our best weapon for much of the game was Soph. punter Mitchell Stoffer`s Leg. He averaged 42 yards on 7 punts with a couple of boomers that kept the field position in Ryan`s favor much of the night.......As bad a QB situation as MBA has, Ryan has some QB issues also...Ryan Blair coming off a rib injury was inconsistent and Jr. Justin Guidry was somewhat effective when he ran the ball, but his passing technique leaves much to be desired as evidenced by his woeful underthrow on MBA`s final interception,as the Irish receiver clearly had separtion.........Another great high school football atmosphere with the packed stadium....The halftime fireworks show was great....Hopefully the Irish can end the streak next year, but it will never be easy...Go Irish
Redtwin 3
I think the highlight of the whole evening may have been the fireworks at halftime.
hsfbfan 0
Congrats to the Big Red.
Ryan sounded very over confident about this game. They must have based their predictions on the fact that JPII beat MBA and Ryan beat JPII. Always a mistake! Each week is different and each game is different and the factors that contribute to a win or loss are more complicated than 1 | 1,150 |
The lab will be located, starting end 2008, in the new building of the Department in the Bovisa campus. It will be<|fim_middle|> all the Department labs), as well as to a centralized cooling circuit.
The lab will be equipped with state-of-the-art measurement systems for the continuous recording of fluid (gases and liquids) mass flow rates, temperatures and pressures at the system flanges and relevant measurement points, aiming to monitor and reconstruct the system energy balances. | devoted to small-scale power generation, to test the performance and the operations of microturbines, reciprocating engines or fuel cells with a maximum thermal power input of 300 kW. The electrical power output of the engines will be optionally regulated by dedicated electronic loads, or will be by consumed the electric grid of the campus. The power engine will be mainly fueled by natural gas, but the lab will share with adjacent Combustion Lab the supply of hydrogen from an electrolysis system and of other gaseous fuels (CO or others) from bottles, thus being able to carry out experiments with simulated syngas fuels. One interesting feature of the lab is ability to test not the engine alone, but a full tri-generation system, including heat recovery devices, absoption chillers, heat pumps, testing the system with variable electrical, thermal and cooling loads. For this purpose, the lab relies on the connection, through appropriate heat exchangers and storage units, with a general hot water and cold water distribution network (serving | 210 |
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I decided to review my blogging journey at the end of each month. Self-reflection can do a great job here too. 🙂 I need to look back and see what I did and learned, and also to refocus. Because I'm building something here, it's easy to get lost in the different tasks and push hard ahead while missing the most important principle of building: one step at a time. It's easy to want to do – or better yet: get done – everything all at once, to long for instant success. However, it still doesn't work that way.
I write about my blogging journey for the record and to encourage myself when I look back at how long I'd come from a different perspective. Also, I think it can help and inspire fellow bloggers too, who just started their blogs. I'll make<|fim_middle|> written in poor English, then it is written without any high standard. Not very attractive and makes it hard to read. It doesn't help to build your blog. Sorry!
Of course, these only apply if you want to make a living with blogging or/and build a business with a brand. Otherwise, do it as you please. | sure to share all the great resources I've found at the end of this post. Just keep reading!
This past month I mostly learned, learned and learned, and TRIED to focus on creating content. Also, tried to drive some traffic and I jumped into some monetizing tasks too. On top of it experimented further on Pinterest. I did a lot. Worked countless hours, and I enjoyed it. Every bit. Even though I can't report a considerable success on most of the things I did.
I still search and go for free resources as monetizing is still in sloooow progress, so – as I wrote in this post – I still have to wait for being able to enroll in any valuable paid courses.
I joined about five different webinars and 4-5 courses, apart from the articles and newsletters with lots of freebies and tons of incredibly useful information. Some webinars and courses were great, some not so much. Not for me at least, who is not a total beginner. Still, I have learned a bit or a lot from each of them. I have a list at the end of this post of which ones I took AND recommend.
The most valuable lesson of the month has been strategizing. I took a course on Lead Magnets, that actually taught me about creating a strategy. Many things have become clear, so I've started to align all the things I do on my blog and for my blog. I also needed to learn about how to implement my strategy. These lessons came from other webinars and courses and numerous blog posts. I think this is where I started to get overwhelmed and distracted. I've learned so many things that are impossible to implement all at once but rather need to be prioritized, that it left me overwhelmed. So I have to refocus again.
At this stage of my blogging, my main priority is creating valuable content and reach my target audience. While my topic is clear by now – building a family and creating a home for them – my target audience is still in a wide range from young moms to moms of teenagers. Because I am a mom of teens and also of toddlers and each age group in between, I specialize myself widely. So at the moment, I'm not narrowing down my target audience. I'm waiting to see if it's needed at all or all my experience and thoughts can be useful here.
I still have to figure out how to drive traffic. Honestly, this is the part I learned least about in October. Maybe this is the point that I should have done differently.
Pinterest is my great source of the little traffic I have, but it gives me a hard time to figure out how to use it more efficiently. I still need to find a strategy to promote my pins, but before that, I must find my own brand. So I've been working on my graphics too, even improved a little. I'm experimenting with brands but not at all satisfied with what I do. I'll do it anyway hoping to discover my tune sooner or later. Sooner would be better!
I signed up for Amazon Associates and got accepted. It slightly surprised me. I'd signed up for Share A Sale well before starting the blog. Through them, I tried to monetize on Pinterest without a blog with zero success. It's not ShAS that doesn't work. It's the idea of throwing affiliate links randomly here and there – but how else could you do it on Pinterest? No one told me at those super you-can-do-without-a-blog courses, and I couldn't figure out myself. I didn't even really wanted to.
I genuinely feel the need to take a course on affiliate marketing too, though I know the basic guidelines, and try to follow them. But I still need a strategy! However, at the moment there is no point in putting more effort into it. Now I have to keep focusing on content and traffic. Learning more about affiliate marketing has to be a later project. Until then I use my affiliate programs based on what I've learned so far and try to spend as little time with it as possible.
Creating more content with more and more value in it. Posts, opt-ins, lead magnets and pins.
Learning more about driving traffic and implementing it. The goal is to grow my audience.
Keeping my monetizing efforts at the minimum.
Finalize my brand graphic. This will take some more learning too.
Everything you see here is FREE and worth the time you put into it. Most of them will offer a paid version with more content at the end, and honestly, I would gladly pay for most of them if I had the chance. It is up to you to decide if you'd make a purchase too. My advice is that before deciding about paying for a course anytime anywhere, you take the free offer to see if it's well-invested money. The free offers tell you a lot and prevent regret!
I took Kristin's free video course on making graphics mistakes – and I learned a ton, even improved a little. I highly recommend her! She is the best out there about graphics – at least for me. I have learned with several other designers too, and I still do, but she is my fit. She is just about to launch her paid course. I'm sure it is worth the investment.
The course I took most recently was The Blog Plan with Suzi from startamomblog.com. Honestly, I took it because Carly from mommyonpurpose.com recommends it at her site. It is a fundamental course for real starters or wanna-be-bloggers, but it still put puzzle pieces into place in my head. It is a half video, half written course, really short to tackle (within an hour), so just roll in and learn!
I took Ana's free affiliate video course and signed up for her resource library. Both are very useful. The affiliate course again is a very basic course that I needed, but in full honesty not entirely convincing to buy the paid version of it. Too little promising of new information there for me. Nevertheless, it is worthwhile to sign up for her page and newsletter.
One of the first e-mail courses I took was Scrivs' 12-day Blogging Bootcamp. Well, he has a totally different style and approach than most of the bloggers we may learn from, but we need him to find the balance. He will help you to find the right mindset about blogging. The subtitle to his Bootcamp is "Learn what it takes to blog for a living." And that is exactly what will happen to you. Instead of chasing wild dreams you will know right away what it really does take. Start with this! I mean it. You need it. His newsletters also have valuable information and advice if you like or learn to put up with his straightforward style.
I took McKinzie's free Pinterest Primer course, and I really liked her. She helped to clean things up in my head about Pinterest. She also has tons of other free and paid resources and a very active FB community. You can learn a lot from her. Go for it!
She has the kind of newsletters I want to open and read straight away. She is inspiring, truly knows her business, gives invaluable advice and information, and her personality has built an impressive community in her FB group. If I'd unsubscribe from all newsletters I'd signed up for except only one, that would be Carly's.
She has one of the richest resource collection both free and paid on signing up for her newsletter. You wouldn't want to miss the courses, stock photo piles, and all goodies to help to build your blog.
Actually, first I've signed up for the Elit Blog Academy resources and later other courses, so I don't exactly know which letter comes from where, but she also sends newsletters with full of food for thoughts stuff. She also has a very inspiring podcast, the Do It Scared Podcast. She does a lot, and it's impossible to embrace all, so just head over to her and pick those that you need! When she has a free webinar about blogging, sign up for it! I did one a few days ago, and it was well worth it. The paid course is too expensive for me, but people who took it, say it is worth it.
Honestly, I didn't know her blog, my shame I still don't, I just signed up for her Pinterest Dashboard for Google Analytics by a pin on Pinterest, and ever since I get newsletters from her time to time. I find it resourceful, insightful – overall useful. I hope to find the time to discover more on her blog. The dashboard is handy. If you want to have a better understanding of Pinterest traffic to your blog, you definitely need it. Sign up here! It comes with clear instructions, easy-peasy!
This past month I also created a Facebook account – which is totally against my better judgment and nearly killed my husband with disappointment – to be able to join the best FB groups to learn even more.
The first pick and the one that I highly recommend is Carly Campbell's group. I can't tell how much I learned just reading discussion threads there. It is the most active group I'm in and an awesome community. My conviction is that it is because of Carly, her sparkling personality and inspiring story. If there is only one group you can join, this should be it.
Another awesome group I participate in is the Simple Pin Pinterest Strategy Group. This support group is to learn about Pinterest, full of up to date information and advice – the best place for pinners.
The third is the Ivory mix group. Kayla's group is perfect for promotion, collaborating, and inspiration.
I'm sure there are other awesome groups out there, but I know only these so far. I'll find more of them as I learn something new every day.
First of all, I sincerely hope you've found some new and useful information in this post. Use as much as you can. We, beginners, need them.
Second, let me give you some unsolicited advice based on what I see in the blog world.
Please, please, please do not blog about how to blog if this blog is not at least your second but rather third or fourth or hundredth blog!!!! You will never make it. That's the truth. Those who succeed in blogging about blogging have multiple blogs and tons of experience, and they do know their stuff. If this is your first, the worst choice you could have made was to blog about blogging. Either no one will believe you, or those who do, will leave you disappointed and spread the news. You don't want that! Learn before you teach! Please!
The other disturbing trend I see, that starter bloggers put out there their deepest and sometimes darkest secrets. Another way to drive people away. Honesty is important, transparency is needed, but none of these mean that you can put your burden on people you want to attract. That won't work. They'll run away. Well established bloggers with a brand let people in on these kinds of things after having a years-long relationship with their readers. They mostly open up to their closest community, aka their subscribers. Think about it twice before you put everything out there!
Learn, learn, and learn. And learn some more. You can find the best free resources in this post. If you take only these, you will improve more than you could ever imagine.
This one is not only for newbies. Recently I've read a lot of posts with typos – to say the least. I'm not the one to promote using correct English since my English is still not my native language and I'm aware that anyone can tell that. But this is exactly the reason I put this point here. If I can tell about a post that it is | 2,394 |
\section{Introduction}
Foams and related physical systems (like emulsions, biological tissues, or polycrystals) are ubiquitous, and serve as a paradigm for a wide range of physical phenomena and mathematical problems \cite{WeaireBook1,WeaireBook2,Morgan01,Morgan02}.
One of them deals with the general topological and geometrical properties of cellular materials \cite{Quilliet,Quilliet2,Delannay,Hilgenfeldt1,Hilgenfeldt2,Kafer,Hilgenfeldt3,Kraynik}.
In this connection, Quilliet \textit{et al.} \cite{Quilliet,Quilliet2} studied recently the topological features of two-dimensional (2D) soap froths under slow oscillatory shear. Such macroscopic strain induces rearrangements within the foam, and the number of sides of every cell evolves in time through local topological changes ($T1$ events) \cite{WeaireBook1,Cox1,Durand1}. Nevertheless, Quilliet \textit{et al.} reported the existence of an equilibrium state after few cycles, characterized by a stationary probability distribution of the number of sides per cell (topological disorder). They also showed that the width of this distribution of sides is strongly correlated to the distribution of bubble sizes (geometrical disorder) within the foam.
These results suggest that the macroscopic state of a homogeneously sheared foam can be adequately described using the ideas and formalism of statistical thermodynamics.
Indeed, the pioneering work of Edwards on granular matter \cite{Edwards} has shown how the powerful arsenal of statistical physics can be extended to athermal systems. This method has proven its applicability to other fields as well \cite{divers}.
Because there is no thermal averaging due to Brownian motion, this approach requires the presence of a macroscopic agitation (analogue to an effective temperature) allowing the system to explore its entire phase space.
Various attempts have been made in the past to describe the geometrical and topological properties
of 2D foams using the concepts of statistical thermodynamics \cite{Schliecker1,Schliecker2,Rivier1,Rivier2,Fortes3,Iglesias}.
However, these former theoretical approaches
rely on strong assumptions: either they use an ad-hoc interaction potential between bubbles \cite{Schliecker1,Schliecker2}, involve (rather than deduce) empirical laws correlating size and side distributions \cite{Rivier1,Rivier2,Fortes3}, or ignore some geometrical constraints (for instance, only the mean bubble area is specified, not the individual bubble areas \cite{Rivier1,Rivier2,Iglesias}).
Some of these models are based on the maximum entropy (information theory) formalism \cite{Rivier1,Rivier2}, which has been subject to controversy \cite{Chiu}. Other models invoke minimisation of the energy \cite{Fortes3}, or a combination of both principles \cite{Iglesias} to describe the state of a foam. However, it has been established \cite{Weaire1, Graner1, Vaz1, Jiang, Kraynik} that different arrangements (topologies) of a large number of bubbles do not really affect the energy (see discussion below).
Furthermore, none of these models can account for the correlations between topological and geometrical disorders reported by Quilliet \textit{et al.} \cite{Quilliet,Quilliet2}.
In this letter we set up a framework for describing the equilibrium state of a two-dimensional foam, basing our development on analogies with conventional statistical mechanics.
As for other athermal systems \cite{Edwards, divers}, we show that the energy is not relevant to describe the macroscopic state of a foam. Instead, a more appropriate state variable is introduced: the total cell curvature.
We establish the function of state which is minimized for a finite cluster of bubbles at equilibrium. This thermodynamic potential function differs from entropy or energy used in previous theories.
The formalism developed here allows to derive an analytical expression for the distribution of the number of sides.
We show that the semi-empirical expression conjectured by
other authors \cite{Schliecker1,Schliecker2,Sherrington1,Sherrington2} is recovered, in a certain limit.
Finally, the bubble size-topology correlations deduced from the present theory are investigated, and compared with experimental data.
\section{Physical, geometrical, and topological constraints}
Consider a given set of $N_{B}$ bubbles with prescribed areas $\lbrace A_{i} \rbrace$ (we focus on time scales much shorter than those typical of bubble coarsening and coalescence, so the bubbles preserve their integrity and size\footnote{Rigorously, the area and pressure of a cell vary from one configuration to another; only the number of molecules of gas it contains remains unchanged. We consider that the area fluctuations are small so that each bubble can be identified by its area.}).
A 2D foam is a partition of the plane without gaps or overlaps, and its structure must obey certain constraints\cite{WeaireBook1} (one considers the dry foam limit where liquid volume fraction is negligible).
The physical constraints follow from the mechanical equilibrium throughout the system:
first, the balance of film tensions at every vertex implies that the edges, or Plateau borders, are three-connected making angles of $120^{\circ}$ with each other (Plateau's laws).
Then, the balance of gas pressures in adjacent bubbles implies that every edge is an arc of circle, whose algebraic curvature $\kappa_{ij}$ is proportional to the pressure difference between the two adjacent bubbles $i$ and $j$ (Laplace's law):
\begin{equation}
\kappa_{ij}=-\kappa_{ji}=\dfrac{P_j-P_i}{\gamma},
\label{Laplace}
\end{equation}
where $\gamma$ is the film tension,
and $P_i$ and $P_j$ are the pressures in bubble $i$ and $j$, respectively (by convention, $\kappa_{ij} \geq 0$ when the center of curvature is outside the cell $i$, i.e.: when $P_j \geq P_i$).
As a consequence, the algebraic curvatures of the three edges that meet at the same vertex must add to zero:
\begin{equation}
\kappa_{ij}+\kappa_{jk}+\kappa_{ki}=0.
\label{Adjacent Laplace}
\end{equation}
The foam must also satisfy topological and geometrical requirements:
apart from the constraint of prescribed areas, its structure must obey Euler's rule, which relates the number of bubbles $N_B$, with those of Plateau borders $N_{Pb}$, and vertices $N_v$: $N_B+N_v-N_{Pb}=c$, where $c$ is the Euler-Poincar\'{e} characteristic ($c=0$ for a torus, $c=2$ for an infinite plane).
This rule, combined with Plateau's laws, immediately gives:
\begin{equation}
N_{Pb}=3(N_{B}-c).
\label{Euler-Plateau}
\end{equation}
Finally, the Gauss-Bonnet theorem applied to a $n$-sided cell yields $\sum_{j=1}^n l_{ij} \kappa_{ij}=\pi (n-6)/3$, where $l_{ij}$ denotes the length of the edge common to bubbles $i$ and $j$.
\section{Microcanonical ensemble $\left(N_{B},\kappa_{tot},N_s \right)$}
In statistical mechanics, the most fundamental entry is certainly via the microcanonical ensemble. Suppose that the foam is agitated slowly as
compared to the characteristic relaxation time after a $T1$ process \cite{WeaireBook1,Cox1,Durand1} (one considers only perturbations that preserve the area of every bubble, and so the total foam area). Then, the deformation of the foam is quasistatic: its structure evolves through configurations which always satisfy the physical, geometrical and topological constraints stated above. Such configurations will be referred to as \textit{accessible microstates}.
By analogy with the fundamental postulate of statistical mechanics \cite{Books}, we hypothesize that all the accessible microstates of a given set of bubbles filling the 2D space have equal probability, under a slow macroscopic agitation.
Obviously, a periodic or infinite foam fills the 2D space. It must be pointed out that the postulate applies to a free cluster too, provided that the surrounding air is included as a supplementary bubble. Then, this ``extra bubble" must also be taken into account in the counting of the number of accessible microstates. In the following, an infinite or periodic foam, or a free cluster plus the surrounding air shall be referred to as an \textit{unbounded foam}. Conversely, a free finite cluster, a cluster within a larger foam, or a foam enclosed in a container shall be referred to as a \textit{bounded foam}. Figure \ref{boundary_conditions} summarizes the different kinds of boundaries that exist for a 2D foam.
\begin{figure}[htb]
\begin{center}
\begin{overpic}[width=7.8cm]{boundary_conditions.eps}
\put(-6,55){\textbf{(a)}}
\put(50,55){\textbf{(b)}}
\put(-6,2){\textbf{(c)}}
\put(50,2){\textbf{(d)}}
\end{overpic}
\caption{Various situations for the boundary of a 2D foam. \textbf{(a):} infinite or periodic foam. \textbf{(b):} free cluster (figure taken from \cite{Graner1}). \textbf{(c):} cluster of bubbles within a larger foam. \textbf{(d):} foam enclosed in a container. Situation \textbf{(a)} is referred to as an unbounded foam, while situations \textbf{(c)} and \textbf{(d)} are referred to as bounded foams. Situation \textbf{(b)} is either an unbounded or bounded foam, depending on whether or not the surrounding air is included as a supplementary bubble.}
\label{boundary_conditions}%
\end{center}
\end{figure}
Rigorously, the accessible microstates do not all correspond to the same total surface energy. It is tempting, by analogy with the statistical mechanics of a gas, to restrict the equiprobability hypothesis to the microstates of equal energy.
This refinement appears to be unnecessary: previous studies have shown that different arrangements of a large number of bubbles of given areas do not affect the energy very much\footnote{Actually, there is also some uncertainty on the value of the energy of an isolated volume of gas \cite{Books}.}: in their computational studies of 2D foams under shear, Jiang \textit{et al.} \cite{Jiang} reported energy fluctuations less than $2\%$. Graner \textit{et al.} \cite{Graner1} obtained the same results, both numerically and experimentally: the energy values of the different metastable states of a 2D foam lie within $2\%$ of the ``ground state" value. Kraynik \textit{et al.} \cite{Kraynik} conducted similar studies on 3D foams, and reported fluctuations below $4\%$ for the surface energy of every bubble.
These observations are also consistent with the so-called ``equation of state" of a foam \cite{Graner1,Ross,Aref,Fortes2}, which relates surface energy $E$, areas $A_i$, and pressures $P_i$ within a cluster of bubbles:
$ E=\sum_{i}\left( P_{i}-P_{0}\right) A_{i} $, where $P_{0}$ is the external pressure. In the limit of fixed bubble pressures, the total surface energy of such a cluster would be conserved.
Hence, to a first approximation, one can reasonably assume that the energy of a large cluster does not depend on its configuration, but is directly determined from the number of bubbles $N_B$ and the area distribution $p(A)$.
On a macroscopic scale, the state of the foam should be described by a limited number of independent variables (besides the number of bubbles and the size distribution). These quantities must be ``constants of motion" \cite{Books}, i.e: they must keep constant values throughout the dynamics of the system (here, a slowly agitated foam). An important observation is that one can define two independent quantities which are conserved for an unbounded foam.
The first one is the \textit{total number of sides} $N_s=\sum_{i}n_{i}$, where $n_{i}$ is the number of sides of bubble $i$. One has $N_s=2N_{Pb}$ for an unbounded foam ($N_s$, and not $N_{Pb}$, is an extensive and fluctuating variable for a finite cluster). Thus, according to Eq. (\ref{Euler-Plateau}), $N_s=6(N_B-c)$.
The second one is the \textit{total cell curvature} $\kappa_{tot}= \sum_{i}\kappa_{i}$, where $\kappa_{i}$ is the \textit{cell curvature} of bubble $i$, defined as:
\begin{equation}
\kappa_{i}=\sum_{j \in \mathcal{N}(i)} \kappa_{ij},
\label{cell_curvature}
\end{equation}
$\mathcal{N}(i)$ denoting the neighbouring cells of bubble $i$.
Obviously, $\kappa_{tot}$ is additive.
Since $\kappa_{ij}=-\kappa_{ji}$, the terms cancel in pairs in the double sum, yielding $\kappa_{tot}=0$ for an unbounded foam.
The property $\kappa_{ij}=-\kappa_{ji}$ correlates the two adjacent bubbles that share a common edge. It is also important to note that -- regardless of this mathematical property -- the constraint $\kappa_{tot}=0$ is also imposed by the curvature sum rule (\ref{Adjacent Laplace}), as it is illustrated on Fig. \ref{sumrule}. This rule, which correlates the three adjacent bubbles that share a common vertex, has a physical origin (Laplace's law).
Although it is unclear whether $N_s$ and $\kappa_{tot}$ are the only constants of motion for an unbounded foam, the constraints $N_s=6(N_B-c)$ and $\kappa_{tot}=0$ must be taken into account in the statistical description of such a system. Surprisingly enough, the constraint on the total curvature has always been ignored in previous theoretical models \cite{Schliecker1,Schliecker2,Rivier1,Rivier2,Fortes3,Iglesias}.
\begin{figure}[htb]
\centering
\begin{overpic}[width=5cm]{curvature_sum_rule.eps}
\end{overpic}
\caption{Illustration of the equivalence (for an unbounded foam) between the sum (over all vertices) $\sum_\alpha S_\alpha$ and the sum (over all cells) $\kappa_{tot}=\sum_i \kappa_i$, where $S_\alpha$ denotes the sum -- turning clockwise -- of the algebraic curvatures $\kappa_{ij}+\kappa_{jk}+\kappa_{ki}$ between the three bubbles $i$, $j$, $k$ that share the same vertex $\alpha$, while $\kappa_i$ denotes the cell curvature of bubble $i$ (see Eq. (\ref{cell_curvature})). Each term $\kappa_{ij}$ in the first sum is represented by an arrow pointing from $i$ to $j$. The equivalence between the two sums is immediate: the cell curvature $\kappa_i$ of cell $i$ is represented by the collection of arrows coming out of that cell. For an unbounded foam at mechanical equilibrium, the curvature sum rule (\ref{Adjacent Laplace}) yields $S_\alpha=0$ at every vertex $\alpha$, and thus $\kappa_{tot}=0$. \label{sumrule}}
\end{figure}
In the light of this discussion, we may restate the postulate as:
all the accessible states of a given set of $N_B$ incompressible cells corresponding to the same values of $N_{s}$ and $\kappa_{tot}$ are equally probable, under macroscopic agitation. By analogy with thermal physics, the \textit{microcanonical ensemble} $\left(N_{B},\kappa_{tot},N_s \right)$ refers to a large number of copies of a foam (with given bubble size distribution p(A)) whose parameters $N_{B}$, $\kappa_{tot}$, and $N_s$ are fixed.
\section{Thermodynamic limit}
For a bounded foam, $\kappa_{tot}$ reduces to the sum of the side curvatures along its boundary. Both $N_s$ and $\kappa_{tot}$ are fluctuating variables, although their values are usually restricted within a certain range. For instance, for a free cluster, $N_s<2N_{Pb}$ and $\kappa_{tot}<0$ since the pressure in any bubble of the cluster is higher than the external pressure \cite{Vaz3}.
For a cluster within a larger foam, $N_s<2N_{Pb}$, but $\kappa_{tot}$ can be positive or negative. For a foam enclosed in a container, $\kappa_{tot}=0$ (the container walls can be regarded as zero curvature sides), but $N_s$ fluctuates.
One can argue whether or not the fluctuations of $N_s$ and $\kappa_{tot}$ become negligible in the thermodynamic limit ($N_B \rightarrow \infty$, total surface area $A_{tot} \rightarrow \infty$, but $\langle A \rangle=A_{tot}/N_B$ remains finite).
The average number of sides of a large cluster ($N_B \gg 1$) scales as $\langle N_{s}\rangle \sim N_B$, while the total curvature, equal to the sum of the side curvatures along the cluster boundary, scales as $\langle \kappa_{tot} \rangle \sim \sqrt{N_B/\langle A \rangle}$.
The relative standard deviations of such quantities scale as $N_B^{-1/2}$ \cite{Books}. Thus, the fluctuations of $N_s$ and $\kappa_{tot}$ become vanishingly small as $N_B \rightarrow \infty$. Moreover, their thermodynamic limit values are known: $\left\langle N_s \right\rangle / N_B \rightarrow 6$, and $\left\langle \kappa_{tot} \right\rangle / N_B \rightarrow 0$.
Note however that $\langle N^{*}_{s}\rangle/ N^{*}_B \sim {N^{*}_B}^0$ converges much faster than $\langle \kappa_{tot}^{*} \rangle /N^{*}_B \sim {N^{*}_B}^{-1/2}$.
\section{Idealized foam}
In order to obtain the probability distribution of the number of sides for a cell of given size, we need to enumerate the microstates which correspond to the same macroscopic state. Ideally, a microstate is specified by the curvature, length, position and orientation of each Plateau border.
However, this description is too cumbersome to handle. Moreover, even for a given foam topology, the number of different accessible microstates depend in a non-trivial way on boundary conditions (e.g.: free, periodic, or enclosed cluster) and bubble size distribution \cite{Herdtle, Fortes1, Vaz2, Graner1, Weaire2}.
\begin{figure}[htb]
\begin{center}
\begin{overpic}[width=7.8cm]{dessin5.eps}
\put(17,39){$i$}
\put(24,39){$j$}
\put(26,32){$k$}
\put(65,36){$i$}
\put(88,30){$j$}
\put(73,14){$k$}
\put(-5,1){\textbf{(a)}}
\put(47,1){\textbf{(b)}}
\end{overpic}
\caption{\textbf{(a):} Real two-dimensional foam under shear. \textbf{(b):} Idealization of the foam (mean-field approximation): adjacent bubbles $i$, $j$ and $k$ are now regular cells surrounded by an effective foam and disconnected from each other.\label{2dfoams}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
We shall use a simplified microscopic description of the foam:
we consider that for each particular bubble $i$, the rest of the foam can be replaced
on average by a ``mean field" of identical bubbles. Thus, the bubble $i$ is a regular cell with identical curved sides joining at each vertex with angles of $120^\circ$, as sketched on Fig. \ref{2dfoams}b.
The cell curvature of a $n$-sided regular cell with area $A$ is \cite{Iglesias,Graner1}:
\begin{equation}
\kappa\left(A,n \right) =\dfrac{\pi}{3}\dfrac{n \left(n-6 \right)}{e(n)\sqrt{A}},
\end{equation}
where $e(n)=\frac{\pi \mid n-6 \mid}{3 \sqrt{n}} \left( \frac{\pi}{n} - \frac{\pi}{6} - \frac{\sin (\pi/n - \pi/6) \sin(\pi/6)}{\sin(\pi/n)} \right)^{-1/2}$ is the elongation of the cell (ratio of perimeter to square-root of area). $e(n)$ is a slowly decreasing function, lying between $e(3)\simeq 3.74$ and $e(\infty)\simeq 3.71$ \cite{Graner1}.
It can be noticed that while the (surface) energy of such a bubble ($\sim e(n)\sqrt{A}$) is almost independent of $n$, its cell curvature $\kappa\left(A,n \right)$ increases rapidly with $n$, and is not upper-bounded.
In this idealized foam description, each bubble is ``disconnected" from the others.
By construction, all the physical, geometrical and topological constraints are satisfied, except the curvature sum rule (\ref{Adjacent Laplace}) and the Euler-Plateau relation (\ref{Euler-Plateau}), which both involve adjacency of the bubbles.
Consistent with the discussion above, the \textit{accessible} microstates of a foam tiling the entire plane are those which satisfy $N_s=6(N_B-c)$ and $\kappa_{tot}=0$ (the number of bubbles is large enough so $N_s$ and $\kappa_{tot}$ can be treated as continuous variables).
A microstate of the idealized foam is specified by the numbers of sides $\left\lbrace n_i \right\rbrace $ of all the bubbles.
Hence, the number of accessible microstates is obtained by enumerating the distributions of the $N_s=6(N_B-c)$ sides over the $N_{B}$ bubbles which satisfy the constraint $\kappa_{tot}=0$. This number is not easy to evaluate, and a grand-canonical description shall be more appropriate.
\section{Grand-canonical ensemble $\left(N_{B},\beta^{-1},\mu \right)$}
Consider then a sample of $N^{*}_B$ bubbles in the unbounded foam (the asterisk denotes the variables of this grand-canonical ensemble). This sample can be a cluster of bubbles, or a collection of isolated bubbles. Let $p^{*}(A)$ be the distribution of bubble size within this sample.
Although $N^{*}_B$ is fixed, this system can exchange sides and curvature with the rest of the foam, through $T1$ events. Hence, the total number of sides $N^{*}_s$ and the total curvature $\kappa^{*}_{tot}$ are now internal variables free to fluctuate for this system\footnote{$N^{*}_s$ and $\kappa^{*}_{tot}$ are independent variables: there are different ways of distributing $N^{*}_s$ sides over $N^{*}_B$ bubbles; each of these distributions corresponds to a different value of $\kappa^{*}_{tot}$.}.
We assume that possible other variables required to describe the macroscopic state remain fixed. Surface energy in particular does not fluctuate, since it depends only on $N^{*}_B$ and the distribution $p^{*}(A)$, and not on the specific configuration of the system.
Suppose that the rest of the foam is large in comparison with the system, so that it constitutes a reservoir of sides and curvature.
Using the formalism of conventional statistical mechanics \cite{Books}, it comes that the probability for the system to be in the microstate $\left( n_1,n_2,\ldots,n_{N^{*}_{B}} \right)$
is proportional to $e^{-\beta \kappa^{*}_{tot} +\mu N^{*}_s}$,
with $\kappa^{*}_{tot}=\sum_{i=1}^{N^{*}_B} \kappa(A_i,n_i)$
and $N^{*}_s=\sum_{i=1}^{N^{*}_B} n_{i}$.
$\beta^{-1}$ and $\mu$ (rigorously, $\mu \beta^{-1}$) denote respectively the ``temperature" of the reservoir of curvature, and the ``chemical potential" of the reservoir of sides. A large number of copies of a foam whose parameters $\left(N_{B},\beta^{-1},\mu \right)$ are fixed shall be referred to as a \textit{grand-canonical ensemble}.
As noticed before, the cell curvature of a bubble is not upper-bounded as $n \rightarrow \infty$, what ensures that the temperature $\beta^{-1}$ is always positive \cite{Books}.
Finally, the probability for a given cell of size $A$ to have $n$ sides is:
\begin{equation}
p_{A}(n)=\chi^{-1}(A) e^{-\beta \kappa(A,n) +\mu n},
\label{distribution1}
\end{equation}
where $\chi(A)= \sum_{n \geq 3} e^{-\beta \kappa(A,n) +\mu n}$ denotes the partition function of the cell.
The average total cell curvature and average number of sides are, respectively,
$\langle \kappa^{*}_{tot}\rangle=-\partial \ln \<|fim_middle|> with the four experimental distributions reported in the Quilliet \textit{et al.} paper \cite{Quilliet}.
Foam samples contain a few hundreds of bubbles.
This number is large enough to consider that $\langle N^{*}_{s}\rangle /N^{*}_B \simeq 6$, but not large enough to assume that $\langle \kappa_{tot}^{*} \rangle \sqrt{\langle A^{*} \rangle} /N^{*}_B \simeq 0$. Since the finite value of $\langle \kappa_{tot}^{*} \rangle /N^{*}_B$ is unknown,
$\beta$ and $\mu$ cannot be obtained by extremizing $S(\beta,\mu)$. Instead, they are obtained by fitting the theoretical distribution of sides $p(n)=\int_0^\infty p(A)p_A(n)\mathrm{d}A$ -- in which $p(A)$ is the experimental size distribution, and $p_A(n)$ is given by Eq. (\ref{distribution2}) -- to the data. Regression is performed under the constraint $\sum_{n \geq 3}np(n)=6$, so there is only one adjustable parameter really.
Fig. \ref{distribution-b} compares a theoretical distribution $p(n)$ obtained this way with the corresponding experimental distribution taken from \cite{Quilliet}.
The theoretical curve reproduces the experimental data well. Comparison of the model with the other distributions of \cite{Quilliet} (not shown here) gives similar results.
We also plotted the relative standard deviation $\Delta n/\langle n \rangle=\sqrt{\langle n^2 \rangle - \langle n \rangle^2}/\langle n \rangle$ of the theoretical distributions, as a function of the relative standard deviation $\Delta A/\langle A \rangle$ of the size distributions for the four samples (inset of Fig. \ref{distribution-b}).
A power-law fit of this plot is in good agreement with the relationship found by Quillet \textit{et al.}: $\Delta n/\langle n \rangle=0.27 \left( \Delta A/\langle A \rangle\right)^{0.8}$. However, it can be noticed that the power-law fit can be hardly distinguished from a linear fit.
In summary, we developed a theoretical model to describe the state of a two-dimensional foam under slow agitation, using a formulation closer to conventional statistical mechanics than information theory. We show that the total number of sides and the total cell curvature -- rather than energy -- are the relevant variables to describe the macroscopic state of a foam. The distribution of sides of a cell of given size is derived. This result allows to correlate the size and shape distributions. Theoretical size-topology relations deduced from the theory are in very good agreement with existing experimental data. However, a free parameter has been added for the comparison with experiments, due to the indeterminacy of the experimental values of $\langle \kappa_{tot}^{*} \rangle /N^{*}_B$. Furthermore, the grand-canonical description requires that $1\ll N^{*}_B \ll N_B$. This condition cannot be checked on the available data. Further experiments taking these considerations into account should allow to confirm the validity of the present (zero-free-parameter) model.
The formalism developed here can be extended to three-dimensional foams, and to coarsening (and coalescing) foams. Coarsening has consequences for the size-topology correlations particularly, since the average area of $n$-sided cells increases more rapidly in that case \cite{Quilliet2,Glazier,Flyvbjerg}. Extension of this formalism to other cellular systems (concentrated emulsions, cell aggregates) is also under investigation.
\acknowledgments
I wish to thank J. B. Fournier, F. Graner and F. Van Wijland for useful discussions and suggestions.
| Xi / \partial \beta$
and $\left\langle N^{*}_{s}\right\rangle=\partial \ln \Xi / \partial \mu$,
with $\ln \Xi=N^{*}_B \int_{0}^{\infty}p^{*}(A) \ln \chi(A) dA$. $\Xi$ is the partition function of the system.
Using the formalism of conventional statistical mechanics \cite{Books}, one concludes that the thermodynamic equilibrium of a foam in contact with a reservoir of curvature and sides coincides with the minimum of the thermodynamic potential $\Phi=-\beta^{-1}\ln \Xi$.
The analogy between the statistical descriptions of an ideal gas and a 2D foam is summarized in Table \ref{tableau}.
As noted by Graner and coworkers \cite{Graner1}, the elongation of a regular cell is almost constant: $e(n)\simeq \overline{e} \simeq 3.72$. With this simplification, the total surface energy of the cluster is strictly conserved (i.e., it does not depend on the cluster configuration). Besides, the distribution (\ref{distribution1}) simplifies to
\begin{equation}
p_{A}(n)=\chi'^{-1}\left( A \right) e^{-\beta'(n-6)^2 +\mu'(n-6)},
\label{distribution2}
\end{equation}
with $\chi'=\chi e^{-6 \mu}$,
$\beta'(A)=\pi \beta/(3 \overline{e} \sqrt{A})$
and
$\mu'(A)=\mu-2 \pi \beta/( \overline{e} \sqrt{A})$. This is the exact distribution intuited independently by
Schliecker and Klapp \cite{Schliecker1,Schliecker2} and Sherrington and coworkers \cite{Sherrington1,Sherrington2}, except that here $\beta'$ and $\mu'$ explicitly depend on the bubble size $A$. Such a dependence
is necessary to reflect
the correlations between bubble size and bubble shape which have been observed experimentally \cite{Quilliet,Quilliet2}.
It can be noted that the average number of sides $\overline{n}(A)=\sum_{n\geqslant3}np_A(n)$ increases with $A$. This result is consistent with experimental observations \cite{WeaireBook1, Glazier}: larger bubbles have more sides since they are surrounded by smaller bubbles.
\begin{table
\caption{Statistical description of an ideal gas and a 2D foam.}%
\label{tableau}%
\centering
\newcolumntype{Y}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}[c]{|Y|Y|Y|}\hline
& \textbf{ideal gas} & \textbf{2D foam}\\ \hline
\textbf{source of ergodicity} & Brownian motion / collisions & macroscopic shear / T1 events \\ \hline
\textbf{constants} & masses $\lbrace m_i\rbrace$ & areas $\lbrace A_i\rbrace$ \\\hline
\textbf{degrees of freedom} & positions and momenta $\lbrace\mathbf{r}_i, \mathbf{p}_i\rbrace$& side numbers $\lbrace n_i\rbrace$ \\\hline
\textbf{fixed parameters (microcanonical ensemble)} & energy $E$, number of molecules $N$, volume $V$ & total curvature $\kappa_{tot}$, number of sides $N_s$, number of bubbles $N_B$ \\\hline
\textbf{fixed parameters (grand-canonical ensemble)} & temperature $T$, chemical potential $\mu$, volume $V$ & effective temperature $\beta^{-1}$, effective chemical potential $\mu$, number of bubbles $N_B$ \\\hline
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}
It must be pointed out that the present theory contains no free parameters in the thermodynamic limit: $\left\langle N_s^{*} \right\rangle / N^{*}_B$ and $\left\langle \kappa_{tot}^{*} \right\rangle / N^{*}_B$ have known values, and $\beta$ and $\mu$ are directly obtained by extremizing the grand-canonical entropy per bubble
\begin{equation}
S(\beta,\mu)=\int_{0}^{\infty}p^{*}(A) \ln \chi(A) \mathrm{d}A+ \beta \dfrac{\left\langle \kappa_{tot}^{*} \right\rangle}{N^{*}_B}-\mu \dfrac{\left\langle N_s^{*} \right\rangle}{N^{*}_B},
\end{equation}
with $\left\langle N_s^{*} \right\rangle / N^{*}_B = 6$ and $\left\langle \kappa_{tot}^{*} \right\rangle / N^{*}_B = 0$.
\section{Discussion}
The expression (\ref{distribution2}) allows to deduce the distribution of number of sides per cell $p(n)$ from the distribution of bubble size $p(A)$ [$p(n)=\int_0^\infty p(A)p_A(n)\mathrm{d}A$], and thus to correlate topological and geometrical disorders. Let us study the implications of the present theory with the simple case of an infinite/periodic monodisperse foam:
$p(A)=\delta(A-A_0)$. In that case, the thermodynamic limit values $\langle N^{*}_{s}\rangle/N^{*}_{B}=6$ and $\langle\kappa^{*}_{tot}\rangle/N^{*}_{B}=0$ give, respectively, $\langle n-6 \rangle=0$ and $\langle(n-6)^2\rangle=0$. Thus, the distribution of side number tends to the Kronecker delta distribution: $p(n)=p_{A_{0}}(n)=\delta_{n,6}$. As expected, all the bubbles of an unbounded monodisperse foam have hexagonal shape.
\begin{figure}[htb]
\centering
\begin{overpic}[width=8cm]{distribution-b3.eps}
\put(50,3){$n$}
\put(0,40){\begin{sideways} $p(n)$ \end{sideways}}
\put(75,32){$ \Delta A / \langle A \rangle $}
\put(56,55){\begin{sideways} $\Delta n / \langle n \rangle$ \end{sideways}}
\end{overpic}
\caption{Theoretical and experimental distributions $p(n)$. The experimental distribution is taken from \cite{Quilliet}. The theoretical distribution is obtained by fitting the function $p(n)=\int_0^\infty p(A)p_A(n)\mathrm{d}A$ to the data. Inset: topological disorder $\Delta n / \langle n \rangle$ vs geometrical disorder $ \Delta A / \langle A \rangle $ for four different foams. Black dots: obtained from theory; red curve: power-law fit $a \left( \Delta A / \langle A \rangle \right) ^b$, with $a=0.30\pm 0.03$ and $b=0.74\pm 0.08$; blue curve: linear fit $a\Delta A / \langle A \rangle+b$, with $a=0.30\pm 0.02$ and $b=0.03\pm 0.01$.}
\label{distribution-b}
\end{figure}
We also compare the model | 1,711 |
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