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If silence is not one of the sounds associated with Christmas preparations, people might miss an experience of the love and tenderness that is at the heart of the holiday, Pope Francis has said.
Celebrating Mass yesterday in the chapel of his residence, Pope Francis offered a reflection on the tone of voice and the endearments God uses to speak to people and communicate his love.
It's not so much what God says as how he<|fim_middle|>.
The language of the Lord is the language of love and tenderness, of whispers and extreme simplicity, he said.
"This is the music of the Lord's language and, as we prepare for Christmas, we must listen for it. It will do us good to hear it," Pope Francis said. | says it, the Pope said in his homily.
"The Lord speaks this way, too," he said, pointing to the day's reading from Isaiah 41, in which the Lord reassures Jacob, affectionately calling him a little worm.
Pope Francis said it is obvious that parents don't have to talk like a baby to their children to be understood, but sometimes it helps if they "make themselves children. The Lord is like that, too | 92 |
Dear Valued Guest, Thank you for taking the time to write a review in regards to your stay with us. We are very happy to hear you enjoyed your stay and your time here in Temecula, Ca. Thank you for choosing to stay with us. We hope to see you again next time your travels bring you back to the Temecula, Ca area. Thank you, Marie P.
Dear Valued Guest, Thank you for taking the time to write a review in regards to your stay with us.<|fim_middle|> tv. The one tv can be turned either to the bed or living room area. Really good breakfast buffet. The only thing I would tell you is the closet in the king suite we had was small and was close to the bed. However, the bathroom was large, the toilet room was a separate room also. I suggest you call them and ask if they have a larger suite for you to accommodate for 3 weeks and make it very comfortable for you.
Hello, I am very sorry no we do not have a sauna. We have an indoor pool/ outdoor pool and fitness center. Please let me know if you have any further questions. Thank you, Marie P.
What is the latest we can check in? We will be driving from idaho and won't get in until midnight or later?
Do you have a hot tub or just the two pools? | We are happy to hear you enjoyed your stay and the city of Temecula. We hope to see you again next time your travels bring you back to the Temecula, Ca. Thank you, Marie P.
Dear Valued Guest, Thank you for taking the time to write a review in regards to your stay with us we do appreciate it. We are happy to hear you enjoyed your stay. We were happy to be able to return your iPad to you immediately we understand when traveling we often forget things and always want to return every item to our guests. Thank you for choosing to stay with us. We hope to see you again next time your travels bring you back to the Temecula, Ca area. Thank you, Marie P.
Dear Valued Guest, Thank you for taking the time to write a review in regards to your stay with us we do appreciate it. We are happy to hear you enjoyed your stay. We hope to see you again next time your travels bring you back to the Temecula, Ca area. Thank you for choosing to stay with us. Thank you, Marie P.
The lobby area is ultra modern. The size of the king suite is very good. The living room area is separated by a fog glass wall. Desk area, good sofa bed to relax and watch | 263 |
KansRijk is een jaarlijks terugkerend evenement op het gebied van duurzaamheid en innovatie. KansRijk wordt georganiseerd door SenterNovem, een agentschap van het ministerie van Economische zaken, in samenwerking met VROM, LNV en VenW.
Het evenement bestaat sinds 2005 en vindt<|fim_middle|> Eurlings en Cramer aanwezig.
Evenement in Utrecht (provincie)
Nieuwegein
Nederlandse overheid
Milieu
Kenniseconomie | sinds die tijd plaats in het Nieuwegeins Business Center.
Doelgroepen
KansRijk richt zich op zowel overheden als op het bedrijfsleven en kennisinstellingen. Het evenement is bedoeld als platform waar organisaties met belangstelling voor nationale en internationale initiatieven op het gebied van duurzaamheid en innovatie kunnen netwerken. Ook krijgen de deelnemers inzicht in de kennis en (subsidie)regelingen van SenterNovem op het gebied van duurzaamheid en innovatie.
Sprekers
KansRijk kenmerkt zich door toonaangevende sprekers vanuit zowel politiek als bedrijfsleven. In 2005 sprak Laurens Jan Brinkhorst de toenmalige minister van Economische zaken, in 2006 Van Geel, de toenmalige staatssecretaris voor Milieu. In 2007 gingen minister-president Balkenende en Rein Willems, president-directeur van Shell Nederland én voorzitter van de Taskforce Energietransitie met elkaar in debat. Ook waren de ministers | 266 |
More than 1,500 civilians killed, injured in Afghanistan in July – UN<|fim_middle|> sharp rise in civilian casualties due to increased militant attacks in urban areas against military installations.
The UN Secretary General's Special Representative for Afghanistan, Tadamichi Yamamoto, said in the report that the use of improvised explosive devices accounted for more than 50 per cent of the casualties.
READ Trump aide Mulvaney says was 'absolutely not' asked to resign
The agency further said that it remained "gravely concerned by the harm done to civilians."
"I call on all parties not to ramp up military operations thinking that doing so will give them a stronger position in talks about peace."
The report was published just hours before a possibly crucial round of talks between the U.S. and the Taliban was set to be held in the Qatari capital of Doha.
The talks are aimed at finding a peaceful solution to the Afghan conflict.
The UN had said in a report on Tuesday that in total, 1,366 civilians were killed in the conflict between Jan. 1 and June 30, a 21-per-cent decrease on the same period last year.
READ Japan tells diplomats no decision yet on contaminated Fukushima water
God didn't call me to buy jet, flashy cars – Apostle Chinyere
Nnamdi Kanu Reacts To Omoyele Sowore's Arrest By DSS |
According to UNAMA in a report, the number of documented civilian casualties is the highest of any month this year as well as the highest in a single month since May 2017.
The main driver, the report said, was a | 50 |
Pinterest offers huge potential for businesses offering accommodation. Apart from showcasing your own premises and facilities, Pinterest offers great potential for highlighting the various activities, heritage sites, architecture and everything else of interest to your target market, within your own area. It also provides a vehicle for connecting with potential visitors and networking with other tourism providers. Travel boards account for 2.5% of all Pinterest boards (Repinly.) which although not at popular as crafts or food, is still a significant percentage.
Ensure that the images on their website are pinnable and of good quality. A 'pin it' button on the website is recommended too as it reminds people to pin and gives them your permission too.
Portrait photographs work better than landscape on Pinterest (longer rather than wider). This is because the anatomy of the Pinterest newsfeed means the photos are shown in columns and the width is set. The length of the photo depends on the photo's proportions. Longer photos receive more visibility.
Your images should be strikingly beautiful – the better the photo, the higher the likelihood of getting multiple repins.
Alternatively, your pins should be useful to others. Examples would include 'instructographics', an image with text that promises tips or answers to a 'how to' question in a blog post or on a website page. (My image above could be described as an instructographic – I've deliberately left the background plain rather than putting text on top of an image but anyone who sees this pin in Pinterest will know exactly what this post is about).
It can be quite difficult deciding what boards to include in your Pinterest account. Many hotels include boards based on their facilities – their golf course, their spa, their bedrooms, their activities for children but there's much more can be showcased to bring people to your establishment. Your pinterest account should reflect the personality of your business and offers an opportunity to network with other tourist businesses as well as generating more traffic to your website and of course, more bookings.
Wicklow Weddings – showcase your facilities for weddings.
Where in Ireland? – encourage engagement and fun by pinning obscure images of Irish buildings and landscapes and people will guess in their comments.
A shared board is a board that multiple people can post pins too, by invitation of the creator and other contributors to the board. The shared board status is indicated by the icon displaying 3 figures.
As creator a contributor board, you could be viewed as a 'thought leader' in that particular area.
A topical<|fim_middle|> to your account, creating shared boards is an excellent way to share on pinterest and gain more traffic to your website as the word gets out.
Gathering Events in Co. X – network with other tourism businesses in your area or county.
Keep an eye on any shared boards that you create (or that you join) as some businesses will spam them. This business (shown below) has asked contributors to not add other pinners themselves and have an application form on their website for those who wish to contribute to this popular board.
To remove someone from a shared board, simply click the 'remove' button to the right of their name when you go in to 'edit board' (if you are the creator). If you have joined a shared board that you now want to leave, click 'leave' to the right of your name when you go in to 'edit board'.
Always check out a board that you've been invited to join to ensure it suits your branding and your reputation.
Don't send out blanket invitations to join shared boards to all your followers. Have a look at their account, determine what boards they might be interested in and only if you think they will be a valuable contributor and appreciate the request, then send them an invitation to ONE of your shared boards. You could also add a line to the description of the shared board asking anyone who would like to become a contributor, to contact you at your (provided) email address.
I recently followed the Tregenna Castle Hotel in Cornwall (their boards are very good) and when they looked at my boards, they knew I wasn't a surfer or going to get married so they send me an invitation to their Pintastic board. I was struck by the fact that they were inviting me into their community and I accepted their invitation.
Pinterest is an amazing tool and is growing in popularity every day. It will mean some investment in time but used well, it will reap dividends. If you would like assistance with setting up or running a pinterest account, do get in touch. We'll also soon be running an online Pinterest course at We Teach Social.
Have you discovered a hotel or tourism business that is using pinterest well? | and popular board will result in more repins – see this post for examples of this.
Create a community, get to know your contributors, give them a chance to get to know you.
Your pins will reach more people (although the followers of each contributor won't necessarily be following the shared board), have a higher chance of being repinned and clicked through to your website.
Remembering the 80/20 rule, that is, as you should pin or repin content from other businesses | 100 |
Regardless of whether it be rats, insect pests, pest birds or any kind of other Pest situation<|fim_middle|> the local Clark Pest Control office today for a FREE Survey and Information. Rapid response and professional service. | nobody wants to share their home or business with harmful pests. When ever unwanted pests enter our family homes or businesses they can certainly lead to distress, destruction as well as furthermore offer a genuine health risk. Whilst lots of Do it yourself pest solutions are available many are unsuccessful simply because used without having a great in depth understanding of the pest problem the treatment method is often carried out improperly.
Here at Clark Pest Control Malleny Mills at our Edinburgh Pest Control Branch we are here to help solve all sorts of Pest Control issues. From mice & rats through just about all the insect pests to bird related concerns and a lot more. Our expert BPCA certified techs can speedily identify the pest problem and additionally the most effective approach to handle it helping you to be free of the unwanted guests.
Our services are always implemented in a expert fashion along with in complete conformity with the BPCA codes of conduct guaranteeing if unwanted pests need to be controlled it is undertaken in a humane and risk-free manner.
For a industrial companies, it's very important to be certain the building is not simply clean, but pest-free as well. Pest issues can easily result in a variety of complications; not only could a person's clients have a unfavorable opinion regarding your company, it may well place a risk to everybody's health. A lot of pests are usually carriers of a wide variety of diseases, and that is certainly the key reason why they will need to be exterminated right away. As a method to be certain our clients can have a pest-free environment inside the firm's property, we offer customised pest control program plans which are specifically designed to meet the firm's requirements.
Expert Business Pest Control Malleny Mills. The most dependable commercial pest control businesses don't exclusively concentrate on dealing with a specific kind of pest. Instead, they will look for methods and apply a diverse variety of practices, which will include the use of chemical, cultural, and biological strategies that deliver stable long-term pest control in your institution.
A good modern day pest management company practices a thorough pest management system, ongoing monitoring, review, report keeping, and interaction to prevent pests and disease vectors from producing even more destruction not merely to the commercial establishment, but to people, property, materials, and environment as well.
Expert pest prevention utilises specific, environmentally friendly systems that are productive, environmentally-friendly, and economical. That includes environment modification, genetic, biological, mechanical, cultural, physical & regulating management. When vital, the use of least-hazardous pesticides to get rid of the problem.
Our Malleny Mills Pest Control products and services get started simply by having our team of pest experts do an in-depth evaluation and risk assessment of the industrial building and utilize the details we have obtained to offer a tailored pest prevention service package that answers all the requirements of the commercial establishment. Furthermore, since the food and safety legislation continues to change over the years, we make it a point of which we'll only offer the highest benchmarks of pest control products and services out there. Being in this business, we are really conscious of just how significant your own clients and potential buyers are; which is the reason why we shall only offer outstanding expert services to suit your needs.
Normally, the services we offer do not only meet the needs of the industrial establishment, but it also exceeds the requirements in order to guarantee that your consumers would certainly also be satisfied with our services.
Your neighborhood Clark Pest Control office in branch is ready to help today. We have got persons in our pest control service team near you ready to carry out a FREE Survey now to assist you to reclaim your property or company from unwelcome pest species. The Malleny Mills Pest Control specialists. Get in touch with | 740 |
Children<|fim_middle|> | act out their feelings through play. A play therapist observes the child playing in order to better understand the child's emotions and pain.
Play therapy is a therapeutic approach for working with children with behavioural or emotional difficulties. When a child has experienced trauma or considerable change, they need to understand and express their feelings. Through therapeutic play, they are able to express their feelings safely and naturally, thus enabling the healing process to begin.
Play therapy supports children who have experienced divorce, hospitalization, chronic illness, death, physical and sexual abuse, domestic violence and natural disasters. Treatment success is most positive when a parent is actively involved.
Sigmund Freud documented the first case of play therapy in 1909, with his work with "Little Hans." Hans was a five year old suffering from a phobia. Freud recommended that his father watch him at play to understand what might assist him.
By 1995, the Canadian Play Therapy Institute founded Play Therapy International. Certified Play Therapists are recognized worldwide in this field of psychotherapy, and are available to assist children with emotional or behavioral difficulties. | 222 |
Able UK executive chairman Peter Stephenson with Councillor Ken Dixon, Stockton Council's Cabinet Member for Arts, Leisure and Culture, at John Whitehead Park in Billingham.
A Teesside company has funded the finishing touches to the £200,000 transformation of a popular Stockton park.
Stockton Council's 'Heart of the Park' project, funded by Billingham firm Able UK, has almost completed the overall regeneration of John Whitehead Park in Billingham.
Some of the improvements include the installation of new street furniture, the creation of an events area and a seating area around the cafe. More equipment for children has been added to the popular play area.
Peter Stephenson, Able UK<|fim_middle|> Fund enables landfill operators such as ourselves to make significant amounts available to support a wide range of community projects.
Councillor Ken Dixon, Stockton Council's Cabinet Member for Arts, Leisure and Culture, said: "The finalisation of the improvements to John Whitehead Park is fantastic news.
"The developments will benefit all users of the park including the people of Billingham and the many residents who visit from across the Borough.
The developments fulfil the vision of the park becoming a high quality recreational and leisure space that meets the diverse needs of the local community.
The new signage, alongside the information centre, will help to improve the accessibility of the park to all users.
The works complement the improvements made as part of the £320,000 'Sport in the Park' scheme in August 2014 which saw the refurbishment of the park's tennis courts, skate and BMX areas.
Able UK committed the funding for the 'Heart of the Park' project, which is expected to be completed in March, via the Landfill Communities Fund.
Stockton Council is also keen to hear from residents who may have any old photographs of John Whitehead Park, as they could help to build the picture of the park's history. | executive chairman, said: "The Government's Landfill Communities | 12 |
An exciting programme of sport was put on for Year 7 students in the three Brooke Weston Partnership academies.
More than 140 students from CBA, Kettering Science Academy and Brooke Weston Academy competed in archery, dodge ball, basketball, table tennis and rowing competitions during the event at CBA on February 17th.
The event, held in conjunction with the Corby, Oundle, Thrapston and Kettering School Sports Partnership, also saw Sixth Formers at CBA get involved with the organisation and running of the activities.
Bonus points were added to the acad<|fim_middle|> school sport being of such high profile now, allowing over 140 children to compete on one night was fun to be part of."
CBA student Mason Lenaghan said: "I enjoyed it because we got to meet new people and make new friends. I like taking part in tournaments against other schools - it keeps us active and everyone enjoys it." | emies' overall score for participation in all the events. CBA was crowned the overall winner and students were awarded a special trophy for their efforts (Bethany Carey and Chloe Rowlatt, pictured, with the trophy).
CBA's Director of Sport Amy Harris said: "All students represented their school exceptionally well. This was the first of many events and it was exciting to see so many students engage in a variety of different activities.
"I would like to say a big thank you to the School Sports Partnership who helped organise and run the event and the hard work of both staff and students to make it an enjoyable evening. I am absolutely delighted that as the host school we won the event - plans to hold another summer event are already in the pipeline."
Matthew Peleszok, the School Sports Competition Manager for the Corby, Oundle , Thrapston and Kettering School Sports Partnership, said: "It was a pleasure to work alongside these three schools to put on such a high quality competition.
"With competitive | 204 |
Balkanrivers Project Page
Patagonia film release: Vjosa Forever
03 Mar, 2021 By admin
People are rising up to protect Europe's largest wild river—the Vjosa. This waterway runs untamed from source to sea, embracing a mosaic of habitats and cultures that have been tied to it for thousands of years. Vjosa Forever chronicles the ongoing struggle to secure the future of this unique river system, from political uncertainty and opportunistic greed to the hopes of creating a Vjosa National Park (the first of its kind in Europe). With an Albanian election in April of 2021, river-lovers, local citizens and global conservationists fear that this 'Queen of Europe' faces its greatest danger yet. At this historic moment, people everywhere have an obligation to speak for the Vjosa; to keep it running wild, forever. Enjoy the film and read below more about its background...
The future of Europe's largest unspoilt river hangs in the balance
The Vjosa, Europe's largest wild river outside of Russia, faces its greatest danger yet, due to political uncertainty and opportunistic greed. Ahead of upcoming Albanian parliamentary elections, citizens, activists and conservationists are demanding political support for the establishment of Europe's first wild river national park, thus protecting it forever.
As part of this action, today (March 3) sees the launch of Vjosa Forever, a new documentary short film asking people everywhere to join the fight to preserve the future of the Vjosa.
For more than 10 years, local activists, international groups, scientists and artists have fought against a 'tsunami' of planned hydropower projects in the Balkans. In September 2020, Albanian politicians publicly announced the establishment of a Vjosa wild river national park, which would protect the entire network of tributaries. However, since then, local citizens and activists have become increasingly alarmed that, behind closed doors, compromises are being made, and, in fact, the river is in imminent danger.
With national elections on 25 April 2021, Albanian and international nature conservation groups such as EcoAlbania, Riverwatch and EuroNatur are calling on the public and political leaders to enshrine the future of the Vjosa and make this wild river national park a major priority for any winning party. Recent research shows that 94 percent of Albanian people are in favour of establishing this wild river national park.
If successful, this will be Europe's first wild river national park and unparalleled in Europe in terms of ecological importance and scale. The designation would protect over 300km of rivers and streams, host to over 1,10<|fim_middle|>The six-minute film, created by Patagonia, asks concerned citizens everywhere to show their support for a Vjosa wild river national park and bring international attention to the environmental disaster that could ensue if it remains unprotected.
Ryan Gellert, CEO, Patagonia Works , says: " Grassroots activism, supported by legal action, have worked to get this historic decision on the table. Now is the time for Albanian politicians to step up. They will be doing something that's never been done before and protecting this last, pristine river system, forever."
Ulrich Eichelmann, CEO, Riverwatch , says: "The Vjosa miraculously survived the decades of destruction in Europe; it´s a gift to all of us. And it is, therefore, not only an Albanian responsibility to protect it, but also a European responsibility. This wild river national park would be an immense achievement for conservation efforts in Europe, and, at an EU level, it will make a real and significant contribution to the EU Biodiversity Strategy and the EU Green Deal ."
Besjana Guri, Communications Officer, EcoAlbania says: "This is a moment for all Albanian citizens to feel real pride. Not only are we protecting our country, our culture and our future, but, in the Vjosa, we have something of precious beauty that is unparalleled in Europe ."
Annette Spangenberg, Head of Project Unit, EuroNatur, says: "You will hardly find another river in Europe that deserves to be a national park more than the Vjosa. No other protection category will do this river justice. A weaker category that keeps the backdoor open for further hydropower projects cannot be the solution."
Logo Balkanrivers
www.balkanrivers.net
ulrich.eichelmann@riverwatch.eu
cornelia.wieser@riverwatch.eu | 0 species, many of which are considered threatened.
The launch of Vjosa Forever follows the 2018 Blue Heart film and campaign which depicted the fight to protect the wild rivers of the Balkans – the 'Blue Heart' of Europe – from 3,400 proposed hydropower projects which would destroy the culture and ecology of this entire region. Within the Blue Heart, the Vjosa is the largest and most untamed river system.
| 94 |
CFE Event: "This One's for the Girls"
In<|fim_middle|>
5 p.m. to 6:30 p.m.
Cahoots Ann Arbor
RSVP at bit.ly/ENTRGirls
Recent Online Event: "Introduction to XR technology for Live Experience"How the changes to U-M's mask mandate will affect users of the Duderstadt Center | -person event Thursday, March 10th from 5 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. at Cahoots.
"This One's for the Girls": a networking event featuring guest speaker Marianna Kerppola, Founder and CEO of Poisera. Poisera helps moms forge their own journey.
Women* have been driving change, scaling heights, and breaking barriers for centuries. Come join fellow women in tech as we shine a spotlight on Ann Arbor and University of Michigan women leading change in our very own communities.
Network, connect, and share ideas
Meet other women in tech and hear about their journey
Mingle with aspiring University of Michigan students to recruit talent and mentor
*We support inclusive definitions of "women" and welcome all people who identify as women, including transgender and non-binary women.
This event will be in-person and attendees must adhere to University of Michigan COVID-19 protocols. Participants must wear a mask and show proof of vaccination upon entering Cahoots.
Thursday, March 10th | 210 |
When you generally think about what determines your auto insurance rates, the standard things come to mind. The kind of car you drive, how far you drive to work, what your credit score is and oh yeah, your driving history. Typically, it will be your driving history that will have the number one effect on your<|fim_middle|> to begin with, 15 % of D.C. drivers are uninsured. With the combination of congestion and uninsured drivers, it's likely your insurance company could be paying out big time. This means you pay a higher premium than some of your other neighbors.
While it's true that your state will determine the overall rate percentage you are placed in, it is ultimately you that will determine how they go. If you maintain a clean driving record and keep a safe car on the road, you should be able to offset any kind of harm your state will have on your auto insurance policy. | insurance rates but you should also know that the state you live in could make a big difference.
If you are thinking about moving anytime soon, auto insurance rates probably shouldn't be your main factor in the final decision but moving is an expensive task to undertake and you should know all the costs that are associated with it. In March of 2011, Insure.com published a comprehensive list of insurance rates based on states, including the District of Columbia. The study was conducted using a 40 year old driver who had an average of a 12 mile commute to work. The company took quotes from six different providers and averaged them together to come up with a rough estimate per state.
The top five most expensive states to insure a car in were Michigan, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Montana and Washington D.C.
Michigan comes in at the most expensive state to insure a car with the average premium at $2,541. This is because Michigan is the only state that offers unlimited personal injury protection payments. This can be very expensive for insurance companies so they raise the rates on their customers. Personal injury protection will pay any medical bills that are incurred due to an accident but have an added bonus of that it can also reimburse you for lost wages. Whereas in some states, you have to buy a certain amount of coverage, in Michigan, this is offered an unlimited option.
Louisiana is the second most expensive state. Its average premiums equal almost $2,400/year and it has a lot to do with their judicial system. Many cases are settled out of court that have expensive settlements only because it is the law in Louisiana that only claims in excess of $50,000 can go through a jury trial. Also, because courts generally favor individuals when cases do go to court, auto insurance companies lose doubly, driving up the overall prices.
Oklahoma is the third most expensive states in which to insure a car. Average premiums are $2,197. As far as Oklahoma goes, this could be due to several reasons. One of the main ones though is the number of uninsured drivers on the highway. Based on information from the Insurance Research Council, almost 24% of Oklahoma drivers are uninsured but Oklahoma has been trying to reduce this behavior by implementing several tactics. Officer can now check immediately to see whether a driver has insurance or not and laws are being passed to make punishments harsher.
Montana is the fourth most expensive state, with premiums not far behind Oklahoma at $2,190. Many Montana drivers are also uninsured but Montana is a very large state. Even when the average person goes in to apply for car insurance, the insurance company wants to know how far your car will travel on on an average basis. This is because the more wear and tear a car suffers, the more likely it is your insurance company will have to pay out, especially if you live in Montana. It also doesn't help that the fatality rate per miles driven is twice the national average.
Finally, Washington D.C. is the fifth most expensive place in the U.S. to insure a car. In addition to high congestion and living in a risk prone area | 643 |
The European Commission will propose new measures in June to make it easier for police to access data on internet messaging apps like WhatsApp, EU Justice Commissioner Věra Jourová said yesterday (28 March), heeding calls from national interior ministers.
Jourová said she will announce "three or four options" including binding legislation and voluntary agreements with companies to allow law enforcement authorities to demand information from internet messaging apps "with a swift, reliable response".
The announcement comes as interior ministers from EU countries have amped up pressure on the Commission to introduce new rules to help police crack through secure encryption and demand private data for investigations.
Non-legislative measures will be provisional "to have a quick solution", since negotiations over EU laws can drag on for years before they are passed.
"At the moment, prosecutors, judges, also police and law enforcement authorities, are dependent on whether or not providers will voluntarily provide the access and the evidence. This is not the way we can facilitate and ensure the security of Europeans, being dependent on some voluntary action," Jourová said.
Jourová said the measures would make it easier for law enforcement authorities to request and access data from online services that are registered outside their jurisdictions.
UK Home Secretary Amber Rudd said on Sunday (26 March) that encrypted messaging services should be forced to give access to police. Rudd singled out Facebook-owned WhatsApp just as British media reported that the attacker in last week's London terrorist attack used the messaging app.
Five EU countries said they want the European Commission to propose legislation that would make it easier for police to crack through encryption technology.
One day later, German Interior Minister Thomas de Maizière and his French counterpart Matthias Fekl told MEPs they want police to have the same legal right to access online services as they do to demand phone call information from telecoms companies.
"Germany and France have asked the European Commission to study the possibility of making internet operators subject to the<|fim_middle|> rules that will also hit firms processing vast amounts of machine data in the internet of things. | same requirements as telephone operators," Fekl said during a meeting of the European Parliament's Civil Liberties Committee in Brussels.
The two countries have heaped pressure on the Commission to crack down on encrypted internet communication. De Maizière and former French Interior Minister Bernard Cazeneuve sent a letter to the executive last summer asking for legal changes to help police access encrypted data.
De Maizière told MEPs that voice-over-internet services like Skype should fall under the same security obligations as regular phone calls.
"We have to move from a system where we regulate based on the technology to a logic that is based on the use the technology serves," de Maizière said. A legal change would be most effective on the EU level, he added, insisting that he does not want to create so-called encryption backdoors or built-in access for police that weakens security technology.
Gilles de Kerchove, the EU's anti-terrorism coordinator, said "it's much too early to say that backdoor would be a solution" for accessing encrypted data of messaging services like WhatsApp and Telegram.
"We all agree that we have to balance two concerns," he told EURACTIV in a recent interview. "One is allowing the security services, police, and law enforcement agencies to get access to the content, which is important for security reasons. And at the same time, we need a very strong internet – we don't want to create vulnerabilities.
In January, the Commission proposed changes to the EU ePrivacy law affecting telecoms services and extended the eight-year-old privacy rules for the first time to internet services.
The proposal leaves national governments room to ignore some privacy safeguards if they threaten national security, but does not include measures regulating encryption. National ministers in favour of laws regulating encryption complain that they have no legal power to force internet firms to hand over secured data.
Five out of 12 EU countries – Hungary, Croatia, Italy, Latvia and Poland – that responded to a questionnaire sent out last year by the Slovakian government, when it held the rotating Council of the EU presidency, said they wanted an EU-wide law on encryption.
Germany's response to the survey said any new regulations should not weaken privacy. Authorities in Germany have instead used software to secretly monitor communication on devices before it is encrypted. France did not respond to the survey.
Telecoms providers will face fines of up to €20 million or 4% of global turnover if they're caught breaking new EU privacy | 496 |
Why You Need to Visit Kenosha, Wisconsin
Kenosha's more than brats and beer (although those would be enough, wouldn't they?)
September 30, 2021 August 18, 2018 by Theresa Goodrich
I'm ashamed to admit that for nearly two decades, any time I'd head to Milwaukee I'd drive right by Kenosha, Wisconsin.
Once or twice I stopped at Mars Cheese Castle. I flew past the Brat Stop. The only reason I'd get off I-94 (and this I'd do nearly every drive) would be to stop at Woodman's and pick up a 12-pack of New Glarus*.
Basically, Kenosha was my Spotted Cow fix, and that was it.
* For the uninitiated, New Glarus beer is only available in Wisconsin, and Spotted Cow is the Holy Grail of smuggle-worthy brews.
All I can say is, I'm sorry. To Kenosha; to you, dear readers; and to myself. Don't get me wrong; that Woodman's is great, but now I know just how much I've been missing beyond its discount-priced doors.
Kenosha is so much more than an exit between Chicago and Milwaukee. It's a town of 100,000 people, making it the fourth largest metro area in Wisconsin as well as the fourth largest city on the shores of Lake Michigan. Millions of cars rolled off assembly lines in a place that was the first to use electric trolley buses. It's the home of the oldest operating velodrome in the country, a free dinosaur museum, historic restaurants, not one but TWO lighthouses, and you can still ride one of those electric trolleys. And so much more.
In short: Kenosha is awesome.
I finally got off that exit and took a quick spin around a town that's simultaneously a Tree City, a Park City, and a Bike City. There's a good reason their hashtag is #KenoshaFun. Take a spin with me to see why you should visit Kenosha, WI, too.
Disclaimer: Visit Kenosha hosted my visit, and of course all opinions are my own and not fueled at all by the GIANT FLIGHT OF BEER (see below) or the big box of Jelly Belly.
Kenosha Museums are Incredible
and most of them are free!
As a travel writer, and especially as a long-time resident of the Chicago area, I've been to a lot of museums. I haven't counted, but I'm guessing I'm in the triple-digits. Small, large, free, expensive – I've seen the whole range, and I can tell you, Kenosha museums are incredible. There's a distinct passion for preserving the past and sharing it in an interactive way.
When you visit Kenosha, check out these five museums that are conveniently located either on the harbor or a short trolley ride<|fim_middle|> is a collection of restored streetcars that run a two-mile loop through Harbor Park, two historic districts, and by Lake Michigan and the METRA station. These cars run year-round and are only a buck. Some conductors share stories and others are less garrulous, but either way you're riding in history. These streetcars make it especially easy to see Kenosha's museums, since there are stops at all but the Kenosha History Center and Southport Lighthouse. (And you can take a trolley to those.)
Click here for the Electric Streetcar Circulator schedule.
Where to stay in Kenosha
My home away from home during my quick visit to Kenosha was Hampton Inn & Suites, conveniently located off I-94 by the Brat Stop. My room was comfortably appointed with a refrigerator, microwave, and lovely red couch. I especially appreciated that the dresser had baskets that pull out so you can easily access your stuff. If I hadn't gone to Franks Diner I would have loved digging into their hot buffet breakfast in their brightly lit, contemporary lobby.
Click here to read reviews and check rates
There you have it! All the reasons you need to visit Kenosha, Wisconsin. Are you planning a trip, or have you visited this great town? If so, let me know in the comments!
(p.s. Don't forget to pin this for later!)
Do you plan on visiting Kenosha? Pin this for later!
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Kenosha History Center
The exterior of the Kenosha History Center is deceiving. While it's definitely a big building, it seems more like the type to have administrative offices instead of a wealth of the area's past. Step inside and you'll find permanent collections that tell the story of Kenosha's beginnings, as well as special exhibits that highlight important periods in the city's history.
As you enter, the first thing you'll notice is the display case in the lobby. This area highlights local businesses that have been in existence for more than a century.
I felt like a teenager again when I saw the Leblanc display. In my high school and early college days I wanted to play clarinet professionally, and the woodwind I cherished (and still do) was a Leblanc. It had been my mother's before it was mine, and I had no idea that it had been manufactured in Kenosha until I saw that display.
Beyond the lobby is Yesteryear, a gallery filled with items that illustrate what it was like to be an early settler. The Upson family oxcart is a topsy-turvy stack of stuff that traveled from Connecticut all the way to the Wisconsin Territory. There's a schoolroom, a general store, an apothecary, a barber shop, and a railroad ticket office. There's even a lawyer's office, because after the train came the attorneys.
A seemingly irrelevant display, but fun nonetheless, is a collection of toys a local Kenoshan had donated to the museum. Whether they're relevant or not to the theme of Kenosha history, it's a fun walk down memory lane for people of a certain age. (Ahem.)
The Rambler Gallery is a cavernous room that takes you into the 20th Century. Permanent displays include "Lost Industries," an homage to the companies that fueled Kenosha's growth. The facades that line the perimeter of this room are reminders of the past and replicate historic buildings.
During my visit, the floor of the room was filled with AMC AMX vehicles in honor of the car's 50th anniversary. Considered one of the greatest American cars of all time, it was a competitor of the Corvette and one of the most stylish exotic hot rods from the late sixties and early seventies.
Another temporary display showcased the history of ice harvesting in Kenosha, with photos and tools detailing this dangerous and profitable industry.
Kenosha History Center is located at 220 51st Pl, Kenosha, WI. It's free to enter, although a donation is appreciated. The center is open Tuesday – Friday 10am to 4:30pm; Saturday 10am to 4pm; Sunday 12pm to 4pm.
Kenosha Southport Lighthouse & Lighthouse Keeper's Home
One of the most striking features of the Kenosha lakefront is the Southport Lighthouse. Standing 55 feet tall and 74 feet above Lake Michigan, it was built in 1866 and guided ships into the harbor for forty years. It's constructed of Milwaukee Cream City brick, a resource that's no longer available. This was the third lighthouse built on Simmons Island, although the first one was just a stump with a rock-lined wooden platform on which a fire was lit each night. The Southport Lighthouse, with its fourth order Fresnel lens, was a bit more sophisticated.
There's a fourth order lens inside the Southport Light Station Museum so you can see what one looks like up close, but it's not the Fresnel lens used in the lighthouse.
"The Coast Guard's better at saving lives than they are history," quipped Chris Allen, Executive Director of the Kenosha County Historical Society. "They had no idea where [the lens] is from; they just knew they had a fourth order."
The "order" specifies the size of the lens. If you want to see one in action, here's what the first order lens at Heceta Head Lighthouse in Oregon looks like:
In addition to the Fresnel-of-uncertain-origin, inside the museum are displays about Kenosha's maritime history, as well as a replica of a period kitchen and bedroom. There are also historical harbor maps dating to the time when the area was called Southport (hence the name of the lighthouse).
If you're not afraid of heights, you can climb the 72 steps to the top of the lighthouse during museum hours. Just watch that last step – you have to duck to get through the opening!
Southport Light Station Museum is free and is located next to the Kenosha History Center and is open seasonally from May – October. Check their website for hours.
Dinosaur Discovery Museum
A bird and a dinosaur walk into a museum… The Dinosaur Discovery Museum is "the only museum to focus on the link between meat-eating dinosaurs and birds."
This museum is small but mighty, with only one display room and an activity/research center in the basement. But oh, what a display room! It tells the story of the transition from Tyrannosaurus Rex and Allosaurus to tiny (relatively speaking) little winged things.
Downstairs, there's a real, working lab staffed by researchers from the Carthage Institute of Paleontology. Through the large windows you can see what these scientists are studying. It brings these old bones to life, especially since there's an area for kids to play and explore right next to it.
Admission to the Dinosaur Discovery Museum is free. It's located at 5608 Tenth Avenue and is open Tuesday through Sunday from 12pm to 5pm.
Kenosha Public Museum
If I tell you the Kenosha Public Museum is mammoth, I'm not just talking about its size. I'm actually talking about the giant woolly mammoths that you can see on display.
Two mammoths were excavated in Kenosha County, and the exhibit shares the story of their discovery and subsequent excavations. Toolmarks on the bones of the Schaefer mammoth indicate that humans were in Wisconsin, and the Western Hemisphere, about a 1,000 years earlier than previously thought.
The Kenosha Public Museum also features exhibits on climate change, the Ice Age, and the lives of the area's original inhabitants.
It's also got a life-size replica of an honest-to-goodness R.O.U.S.
But the display that really took my breath away was somewhat hidden on the second floor. There, across from a totem pole and a view of Lake Michigan, was a series of dioramas by sculptor Lorado Taft. The dioramas depict the studios of famous sculptors like Michaelangelo in miniature. Peering into the recesses of each cubicle reveals a depth of remarkable detail. Chicagoans might recognize Taft as the sculptur of Washington Park's The Fountain of Time.
These alone are worth a visit.
Kenosha Public Museum is also free with a suggested donation of $5. You can find it at 5500 First Ave, Kenosha, WI. Hours are Monday – Saturday 10am to 5pm and Sunday 12pm to 5pm.
Civil War Museum
If your first thought is "why is there a Civil War Museum in Kenosha, Wisconsin?" I hear you. I hear you loud and clear. I had the same thought. The warfront wasn't even close to Kenosha, yet they've got a Civil War Museum?
Yes, they do, and it's one of the most engaging and educational museums I've ever visited.
The Civil War Museum's lifelike and life-size displays reminded me a great deal of another favorite museum, the Museum of Mississippi History in Jackson.
Despite their homes being far from the action, Wisconsinites and other upper Midwesterners played a big part in the war. The museum focuses on their contributions to the battle against slavery and secession, especially the personal stories.
When you visit, make sure to watch the 360 video, "Seeing the Elephant." Narrated by Bill Kurtis, it's a gripping and poignant ten minutes that make the displays even more impactful.
Admission is $9; Kenosha City and Town of Somers residents pay $5. The Civil War Museum is located at 5400 First Avenue, right next to the Kenosha Public Museum. Hours are Monday – Saturday 10am to 5pm and Sunday 12pm to 5pm.
Historic Restaurants & Tasty Beer (because it IS Wisconsin)
Mention Wisconsin food and drink and what immediately comes to mind? German cuisine, including encased meats, and beer. Kenosha's got those and more.
House of Gerhard
Regulars of the House of Gerhard don't return time after time just for the food. Oh, they would, I'm sure, because it's delicious. Their traditional German specialties are on the mark, from the beef rouladen to the schnitzel to the stroganoff. Every night is prime rib night, and their rolls are legendary.
So, yes, the food is worth a first visit and many subsequent returns, but I have a hunch that the real reason this restaurant has been around since 1964 is the people.
Gerhard Dillner opened House of Gerhard ten years after arriving in the U.S. from Germany via Ellis Island. He'd wanted to be a chef since an apprenticeship when he was 14, and after moving to Kenosha, he and his wife Ruth opened their restaurant. They built up a reputation and a loyal following that's continued by their daughter, Angie, and son-in-law, Dick Rudin, and their staff, some of whom have been with them for more than 20 years.
I had lunch at the same time as a tour bus, and I eavesdropped as Angie came out to talk to the group. She shared her dad's story and determination, and when her husband, who is also the chef, came out to say hello, the ladies erupted in applause. After they left, Dick took me into the kitchen to show me the ancient Dutchess roll-cutter that is still used every day.
House of Gerhard is a must-visit. When you go, save me some schnitzel, please!
House of Gerhard is 5 miles east of I-94 at 3927 75th Street. They're open for lunch Monday – Friday, dinner Monday – Saturday, and closed on Sunday.
Franks Diner
What do the Three Stooges, Bela Lugosi, Duke Ellington, and Liberace all have in common? They've all eaten at Franks (no apostrophe) Diner.
The diner's story began in 1926 when a team of horses pulled the railcar into Kenosha. Anthony Franks turned it into a restaurant and the rest is history. Now owned by Julie Rittmiller and Kevin Ervin, a couple of regulars who bought the place in 2013, it's known for house-baked bread and their signature Garbage Plate. If you've heard of this quirky and historic spot and you're not from Kenosha, it's probably because Guy Fieri featured it on Diners, Drive-ins, and Dives.
I skipped the signature dish (a delightful mess of hash browns, eggs, and meat) and had a veggies and cheese omelet with American potatoes and a side of salty, savory, crispy bacon. Mmmmmm.
When you visit Franks Diner, expect good and fast service with a side of sass.
Franks Diner is anchored at 508 58th Street. They're cash only, so bring some green. Hours are Monday – Friday 6am to 1:30pm, Saturday 7am to 1:30pm, and Sunday 7am to 12:30pm.
Brat Stop
If you've driven I-94 in southern Wisconsin, then you've seen the giant CHEESE sign. This, my friends, is Brat Stop.
"Shouldn't it say BRAT?" you ask? It could, but this is Wisconsin, and so there's a law somewhere that says it must say cheese. They've got plenty of that, of course, and they've also got brats, beer, and live music.
Brat Stop is another legendary spot in the Kenosha dining scene, and they've been entertaining and feeding people since 1961. The restaurant is cavernous with a long bar, a large stage for live music, and tons o' big screen TVs. There's pool, darts, and rides for the kids, too.
You can dine in, or be like me and pick up some brats to go. I was going to be leaving on a cross-country road trip to research my next book, so I selected four packages and froze them to take with me. I tell you, there is nothing like a little bit of Wisconsin by a campfire in Oregon.
Brat Stop is open at 8am seven days a week and closes at Midnight Sunday – Thursday and 2:30am on Friday & Saturday. There's a $10 cover on nights with live music, and no one under 21 is allowed during concerts.
Public Craft Brewing Co.
When one is in Wisconsin, one must drink beer (if one is over the age of 21 and normally would drink beer, that is). Not one to ignore local customs, I stopped into Public Craft Brewing Co.
"Do you offer flights?" I asked.
"Yes," said the lovely barkeep. "It's $15 and every beer on tap."
I looked at the board. At the massive board describing ten beers.
Blink. "Aw heck. Why not?" When in Wisconsin…
I have never seen a flight with that many beers. "That's not a flight – that's a whole squadron!" I wrote in my notes. I'm the first to admit I don't have a particularly picky palate. When people ask me what type of beer I like, I say "beer." But these? These were delicious and unique.
The Weisse City was a traditional German-style Berliner Weisse, but when she added raspberry syrup, a concept I never ever would have tried without her recommendation, she opened a whole new world. Another beer I loved was Pepper in the Rye. The collaboration between Public and Rustic Road had this pepper-lovin' gal swooning.
As I made my way through the flight my husband called. "Sounds like you're in a happy place." Yes, honey, I sure am.
Public Craft Beer Co. is open Tuesday – Friday from 3:30pm to 9pm, Saturday from 12pm to 12am, and Sunday from 12pm to 6pm. If you got on Tuesday, bring some vinyl for Turntable Tuesdays.
Speaking of happy places, The Buzz definitely qualifies. This place is all about giving you a buzz or helping you get buzzed. They serve and stock coffee, beer, and wine and consider themselves "Kenosha's destination for liquid refreshment."
The bar has twenty beers on tap that you can enjoy right there, with a scrolling screen letting you know what's available. When it's time to go home you can choose from 161 different varieties to take with you.
My visit coincided with Kenosha Craft Beer Week, and The Buzz was featuring R'Noggin Brewing Company. The founders and brewmasters were on hand and I had the chance to talk to them. Unfortunately, I didn't get a photo because GIANT FLIGHT OF BEERS. I blame you, Public Craft Brewing Co. I blame you.
The Buzz is a short walk from Public, just in case you, too, drink every beer from their flight. Their address (to tell your cab driver) is 5621 6th Avenue. They're open Monday – Saturday from 7am to 9pm and Sunday 7am to 8pm.
Tons of Outdoor Fun
Way back in the very beginning of this article I mentioned that Kenosha is a Tree City, a Park City, and a Bike City. This means, essentially, that they love to be outdoors.
Bristol Woods Park and Pringle Nature Center
Bristol Woods Park is a verdant oasis on the western side of Kenosha County. At just 200 acres, it's fairly small, but it still has nearly four and a half miles of trails. I visited the day after a rain so I was only able to walk a short bit, but what I did see was surprisingly peaceful, especially considering its proximity to the interstate. Perhaps my favorite part was standing next to the open field and listening to the symphony of birds.
On-site is the Pringle Nature Center. The center is staffed by a full-time naturalist, contains a library and displays, and puts on free programs to bring children and the community closer to nature. They've also got this adorable guy:
Bristol Woods Park and Pringle Nature Center are located at 9800 160th Ave, Bristol, WI.
Southport Bike & Boards
If you've seen Lake Michigan, you know it can get windy. It's big enough that it can build up some serious chop. That's great for those who like active water sports, like Southport Bike & Boards owner Ralph Ruffolo. In 1981 he quit his corporate job to teach windsurfing and open his shop, catering to fellow aquatic athletes during the summer and skiers during the winter. A few years later the skateboarding and snowboarding crazes swept in, so he catered to them as well. In 2004 he bought the bike shop next to his store, so now if you're into cycling he can help with that, too.
And Kenosha is really into cycling. They've got the oldest operating velodrome in the country and there are 130 miles of bike trails. If you're inclined, you can ride your bike all the way to Chicago. For something a little shorter, Southport Bike & Boards leads a free weekly ride on Saturday mornings to Zion, Illinois. It's only 26 miles round trip and is mostly flat, so riders of all skill levels can join in. If you want to join them, just show up at 8am at Harborside Common Grounds (5159 6th Ave).
Southport Bike & Boards is at 2926 75th St and open Monday through Friday 10am to 7pm, Saturday 9am to 5pm, and Sunday 11am to 3pm.
They Have an Electric Streetcar
Need I say more?
(Probably not, but I will.)
Kenosha's Electric Streetcar Circulator | 3,966 |
We offer full-scale album release campaigns, built from the ground up with the goals and potential of the individual artist always in mind. These generally span 2-4 months and include highly targeted physical and digital album servicing followed by a series of structured asset releases to build anticipation for your record. We seek reviews, features, premieres, interviews, and more - in print and online - to achieve maximum exposure across all platforms.
Utilizing our contacts in markets big and small across the United States, we can help your tour realize the attention it deserves with print previews in alt-weeklies, radio and podcast interviews, ticket giveaways on local blogs, and more.
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We seriously love music. But our passion doesn't stop there. We'd love to talk with you about films, events, books, or any other creative projects you might be working on.
With roots lying in the magical music mecca of Athens, GA, Michelle joined forces with Graveface in the summer of 2013<|fim_middle|> steal other people's dogs.
"Thanks again for everything you and your team did for Yo No Say. You definitely elevated us to a new level and helped us achieve way more publicity than we've ever experienced! The ATG and Alt Press releases were a dream and it was so cool to see all these other blogs truly listen and share their thoughts. Michelle, you were extremely communicative and helpful throughout the whole process. Truly, we couldn't be more pleased." | to bring Noisy Ghost PR to the next level and expand our reach outside of the in-house roster.
Currently based in Austin, TX you can bet when she's not in the office she's with her dog Claire chilling at a park or running the greenbelt, playing with records, or hitting the roads on her trusty Masi cross bike.
Starting Graveface Records (The Appleseed Cast, Whirr, Haley Bonar, etc) at age 19, performing and recording in bands such as Black Moth Super Rainbow, Dreamend, Monster Movie (mbrs Slowdive) and The Casket Girls while also maintaining a physical record store in Savannah, operating soundtrack label Terror Vision, and continuously working on the ongoing audio/visual project The Marshmallow Ghosts, we're fairly sure the only thing Ryan doesn't do is sleep.
Nicole is the newest addition to the Noisy Ghost team, joining the ranks in the summer of 2016. Her recent launch into the world of PR stems from twenty years of living in Austin and being exposed to the dangers of rock music and bright lights.
The city has made her a music fanatic, and you can catch her reviews and posts on austintownhall.com. If it isn't music that is consuming her life, you can find her milling around a local coffeeshop with her nose in a book or outside trying to | 285 |
Home › Europe › News › News › Zuid-Holland heritage policy: promote accessibility as well as conservation
Zuid-H<|fim_middle|> maintained when public resources are scarce. Some successful examples of redesignation are Rotterdam's Fenix warehouses, Ockenburgh estate in The Hague and the Water Towers in Zwijndrecht.
Cultureel Erfgoed 2017-2020
A budget of € 13.07 million per year has been allocated to implement cultural heritage plans for the period 2017-2020. An additional € 3.5 million per year has been earmarked in the current outline agreement (Hoofdlijnenakkoord 2015-2019) for further improvement in terms of the broader narrative of Zuid-Holland history, thus enhancing experiential learning as well as accessibility. | olland heritage policy: promote accessibility as well as conservation
Zuid-Holland has a wealth of listed monuments and other objects of cultural heritage. These range from windmills, country estates and farms to the remains of Roman settlements. The provincial executive board aims to attract swelling visitor numbers to all these sites. Cultureel Erfgoed 2017-2020, the new policy report approved by the executive board on 6 September 2016, has a strong focus on accessibility and education.
Roman Ships Museum
Heritage is owned by us all and should therefore be accessible to us all. One key factor is good physical access. The province also aims to invest in recording and passing on the stories associated with its cultural heritage. It plans to support the Archeon Living Museum in Alphen aan den Rijn with its prospective addition of a Roman Ships Museum to house the excavated 'Zwammerdam ships'. And the public will be invited to get involved in archaeological digs in major infrastructure projects like the Rijnland Route and the Blankenburg tunnel. Windmill sites will also be developed in terms of green space planning to add to their scenic value.
Listed monuments
The best way to conserve heritage sites for future generations is to give them new contemporary functions. Whenever possible the province stimulates the redesignation of listed monuments and visually prominent buildings. A building that is in active use attracts visitors and can also be better | 289 |
The committee will be proposing a motion to adopt a revised constitution for the club at the AGM this year, a copy of which can be downloaded here. If you have any comments that you wish to make prior to the meeting please get in touch and let us know.
It's that time of year again when we have the Culter Theatre Club AGM at Culter Village Hall. We'll<|fim_middle|> we'll have some refreshments available. Kids - please ask you mums and dads to come along to the AGM if possible. We look forward to seeing you there. | provide reports on the club, look back at what we've accomplished in 2018, and let you know what we're planning for 2019 - and give you the opportunity to let us know what you'd like to do! We'll also be providing an update on finances and the accounts.
We are always looking for new members to join the committee to allow us to continue putting on productions to the high standard we are known for. Our club members have a wide range of talents, from acting, singing, set painting, costume making, lighting and sound, painting, set construction and prop making. If you feel you can help us in any way, whether back stage or on stage we need you.
The future of the Club rests with the people that give their time and talents to help organise things, and we currently do not have enough people to do that. We urgently require Directors, Producers, Musical Directors and committee members for the club to continue.
The AGM will run from 7.30pm and | 210 |
In this video, we will discuss and review the basics of Windows Printing. Understanding Windows Printing and how it works will greatly assist in deploying and supporting Windows Printing in your company.
To start, we will discuss the terminology that Windows uses for printing.
First, you have your workstation. On the workstation, an application creates a print job. This print job is transferred to what Microsoft refers to as a printer. This is not a hardware device like a physical printer (we'll get to more on that in a moment), but it is more like a software interface that controls the printing process. This "printer" is responsible for transferring the job to the physical printer, but before this happens the job must be converted to a language that the printer can understand. To do this, the printer driver is used.
Next, you have the print server. This server is responsible for receiving print jobs and sending them to the print device. The print server can be installed locally or attached to the network.
Lastly, there is the physical print device itself. This is the physical device that produces the print out.
You can see there are a few different parts that make up printing in Windows. The most common mistake is to mix up the print device, which is the physical printer, with the software interface "printer". It may seem strange at first, but keep in mind that printers like PDF printers output to a file rather than a physical printer. For this reason, you can see why not all printers can be considered physical printers and why Microsoft makes a point to say "print device" to make it clear when a physical printer is being talked about.
Windows also supports printing locally and across the network. Let's have a closer look at how the printer driver operates.
1:57 – Print devices will understand a particular language. Many printer manufacturers have developed their own printer language which will work only with those printers. These native languages are referred to in Windows as Printer Control Languages or PCL. If you consider a print job, it is the job of the printer driver to convert the print job into a format that the printer can understand; in this case it is PCL. There are also generic languages that are readily available that may be compatible with your physical printer but this will need to be researched and tested. The most common of these is postscript. If you install a postscript printer driver, the printer driver will convert the print job into postscript. In fact, not all printers support postscript. It tends to be supported on the high end printers rather than the lower end printers. In some cases, it is necessary to install an additional module in the physical printer to support postscript. In most cases the PCL driver should meet all your needs but in some rare cases you may need postscript support.
3:00 – The printer driver also provides access to features of the printer, for example double sided printing. You can see here a typical example of the properties of a<|fim_middle|> the processing can be done here. This may add additional load to the server however.
This completes the video on the basics of printing in Windows. We hope you enjoyed the video. | printer. Since every printer is different and has different features, it makes sense to have these features inside the printer driver. One trick that has worked well in the past is to install a black and white printer driver for a color printer. If you can find a printer driver that is compatible and similar feature-wise, this forces the printer to print black and white rather than color when they use that printer. If your management is worried about the usage of color printing and the subsequent costs of that color ink, this would be an excellent solution that would reduce it drastically.
3:43 – The next part of the printing process that we will look at is the printer spooler. This is where print jobs will queue and wait before being transferred to the print device. In later videos, we will look more into the print spooler. The jobs in the printer spooler may be in complete format like PCL or postscript. They may also be in an interim format that requires additional processing. This processing can generally be configured to be performed on either end depending on the printer. A lot of additional processing is common in the very low cost printers. In order to keep the cost of the printer as low as possible, additional processing is offloaded to the computer instead of being done as normal on the printer. If the printer, we're now talking about the software component 'printer' running on Windows, is installed on a server | 288 |
Quinlan, Jason J.; Zahran, Ahmed H.; Sreenan, Cormac J.
Copyright: © 2018 by the authors<|fim_middle|> the effects of packet loss on viewable quality by leveraging the increase in the number of frames per group of pictures (GOP), while offering a means of reducing overall error correction and by providing equality of data in every packet transmitted per GOP. | . Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
When we couple the rise in video streaming with the growing number of portable devices (smart phones, tablets, laptops) we see an ever-increasing demand for high-definition video online while on the move. Wireless networks are inherently characterised by restricted shared bandwidth and relatively high error loss rates, thus presenting a challenge for the efficient delivery of high quality video. Additionally, mobile devices can support/demand a range of video resolutions and qualities. This demand for mobile streaming highlights the need for adaptive video streaming schemes that can adjust to available bandwidth and heterogeneity, and can provide a graceful changes in video quality, all while respecting viewing satisfaction. In this context the use of well-known scalable/layered media streaming techniques, commonly known as scalable video coding (SVC), is an attractive solution. SVC encodes a number of video quality levels within a single media stream. This has been shown to be an especially effective and efficient solution, but it fares badly in the presence of datagram losses. While multiple description coding (MDC) can reduce the effects of packet loss on scalable video delivery, the increased delivery cost is counter productive for constrained networks. This situation is accentuated in cases where only the lower quality level is required. In this paper, we assess these issues and propose a new approach called Streaming Classes (SC) through which we can define a key set of quality levels, each of which can be delivered in a self-contained manner. This facilitates efficient delivery, yielding reduced transmission byte-cost for devices requiring lower quality, relative to MDC and ALD (42% and 76% respective reduction for layer 2), while also maintaining high levels of consistent quality. We also illustrate how selective packetisation technique can further reduce | 391 |
<|fim_middle|> | Sweden is a country brimming with eccentric and unique activities. While locals go about enjoying the good things in life daily, visitors get to partake in some of the most select experiences in the world. From the idea of foraging, that brings food straight from the forest to your table in restaurants, to appreciating the natural splendour of the Northern lights, Sweden will leave you spellbound and in awe of its people.
Every country has an exclusive set of happenings that often stand out when compared to other places across the planet. Sweden is no different. Roaming around the country, you are bound to find something different around every corner that should be on every tourist's must-do travel list when in Sweden.
Both the Stockholm and Gothenburg archipelagos in Sweden are a feast for the eyes. A collection of small islands, some remain uninhabited while others make for the perfect weekend escape. What makes these idyllic islands of Sweden so special is that each one has its distinct characteristic. Frequented by both tourists and locals, the islands, packed with outdoor activities including swimming, hiking, and biking, present ample opportunities to indulge in food and the traditional heritage of the region.
The culinary culture in Sweden is at an all-time high. Subtle, but elegant, the food served in restaurants is fresh and of the highest calibre. There is no surprise then that daily life in the country revolves around food. One such experience is fika, the tradition of having coffee and cake. However, if you are daring enough and want to explore something totally unusual, then try surströmming, also considered the smelliest food in the world. Surströmming is fermented Baltic Sea herring stored in tin cans for months before being eaten. It is as traditional as Swedish cuisine can get, and makes for a once in a lifetime gastronomic adventure.
Sweden is among the many countries that have legalised gambling, both on land as well as through online casinos. As a result, there are plentiful options to indulge in some money-making activities that could be illegal in your own country. Websites like Spin Casino offer excellent theme-based slots, live poker, blackjack, roulette and more. Playing with a live dealer adds a sense of reality to the games. With pretty good internet speeds and mobile options available in the country, you get to play on the move while exploring different cities of Sweden. | 485 |
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Chris Young Scores 10th Career No. 1 Song With "Losing Sleep"
by Jim Casey | @TheJimCasey | February 5, 201<|fim_middle|> Daily!
← Watch Chris Stapleton Team With Justin Timberlake for Post-Super Bowl Performance of "Say Something" on "The Tonight Show"
Solid Ground → | 8
Chris Young scored the 10th No. 1 single of his career as "Losing Sleep" ascended to the top of both the Billboard Country Airplay chart and Mediabase chart.
"Losing Sleep," which was co-penned by Chris, Josh Hoge and Chris DeStefanois, is the lead single and title track from Chris' seventh studio album that was released in October 2017.
"I'm at a loss for words," said Chris. "This last year has brought so many milestones and now to be celebrating my 10th number one single at country radio is beyond amazing. Thank you to everyone who has spun and streamed 'Losing Sleep' and come out to see the tour and I can't wait to see everyone on the road soon."
Chris is currently in the midst of his Losing Sleep World Tour with Kane Brown and Lanco.
photo by Jason Simanek
written by Jim Casey | @TheJimCasey | published February 5, 2018 10:48 AM
category: NCD News | related posts: Chris Young, Losing Sleep
Read more country music news at Nash Country | 243 |
Home / Lists / Pacific-Rim / Pacific-Rim-Uprising / Transformers / 10 Coolest Giant Robots in Movies and TV
10 Coolest Giant Robots in Movies and TV
Nigel G Mitchell 3/21/2018 06:50:00 PM Lists, Pacific-Rim, Pacific-Rim-Uprising, Transformers
Pacific Rim: Uprising is coming on March 23, 2018. and will bring back the giant-robots-vs-giant-monster action we know and love. In the last movie Pacific Rim, we met a bunch of awesome giant robots called jaegers with cool gadgets like spinning blades and rocket-powered judo so the bar is high for the robots in the sequel. However, Pacific Rim: Uprising isn't the first or the last movie or TV show to have awesome giant robots in it. Here at Geek Twins, we decided to honor these metal behemoths with the 10 coolest giant robots of all time.
10. The Iron Giant
In 1999, the movie The Iron Giant was released. Based on a 1968 novel The Iron Man and set in 1957 during the Cold War, it was about a young boy who discovered a giant robot that came from outer space. The boy tried to stop a paranoid federal agent from bring the U.S. military to destroy the robot. The Iron Giant was a lovable robot who just wanted to eat metal and play games, voiced by the rumbling tones of Vin Diesel. He was a memorable and powerful robot with a true heart of gold.
9. AT-AT Walker
Not all cool robots have a brain or a personality, and the Imperial AT-AT Walkers from 1980's Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back proved that. The All-Terrain Armored Transport (AT-AT) was basically a tank that walked on four legs instead of tractor treads. It's got a lot of weapons and can travel vast distances quickly, but its main purpose is to terrify enemy troops. When the rebels see AT-ATs on the horizon, most troops start running.
8. Eva Unit 01
In 1995, the epic series Neon Genesis Evangelion began, an anime about cyborgs named Evangelion piloted by children to fight gigantic monsters nicknamed Angels. There have been a lot of amazing Evas but the first one is still the best. Unit 01 showed the complex relationship between the machines and their pilots because it was linked to the soul of the pilot's mother but also could do a lot of damage to monsters big enough to tear down buildings.
7. Megazord
It's morphin' time! With those words, the Mighty Morphin' Power Rangers transformed from normal teenagers into powerful warriors. But when that was not enough awesomeness, the Rangers would jump into their robotic Dinozords. And when even that wasn't enough, the Dinozords would combine into the Megazord. The first Megazord blew kids away and has been followed over the years by many more, always with incredible power. Still, there's nothing like the original.
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Godzilla was a thorn in Japan's side for decades and the governments of the world used everything from giant laser guns to nuclear weapons. One of the more successful attempts came when aliens decided to fight fire with fire. In 1974's Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla, aliens created a robot duplicate of Godzilla that almost killed the monster with lasers and missiles. Mechagodzilla lost the battle, but the idea of a giant, remote-controlled Godzilla is one of the coolest things ever.
5. RX-78-2
In 1979, Mobile Suit Gundam introduced the RX-78-2 Gundam (better known as just the Gundam) in the war between the Earth Federation and the Principality of Zeon. The Earth Federation turned the tide of the war by launching the experimental robot with an untested civilian pilot Amuro Ray who proved to be the key to the machine. Gundam revolutionized mecha anime because before, giant robots were more like superheroes than machines. Gundam changed the game by showing the robots as weapons instead of heroes and their pilots as ordinary soldiers but the Gundam was also just an amazing robot to watch in action.
4. VF-1S Valkyrie
In the original Japanese anime Super Dimension Fortress Macross and its English adaptation Robotech, the mecha VF-1 Valkyrie was developed by Earth scientists who reverse-engineered an alien spaceship. It had not one or two but three awesome modes. It started out as a fighter jet that could fly in an atmosphere or even outer space, so it was no slouch, but it could also turn into a VTOL mecha with arms and legs. If that didn't do the job, the Valkyrie would turn into a full-on giant robot. Other mecha came after it, but the Valkyrie was the ultimate for fans.
3. Gipsy Danger
In 2013, Pacific Rim brought us to a near future where monsters from another dimension called kaiju attacked cities all over the world. Only the giant robots named Jaegers could stop them. Piloted by two soldiers linked together cybernetically, the star Jaeger in Pacific Rim was Gipsy Danger. Gipsy also delivered a rocket-powered punch and had a spinal column sword as backup. While Gipsy Danger was considered old and outdated, its antiquated technology allowed it to survive a kaiju attack that destroyed the others.
2. Optimus Prime
In the world of the Transformers, the giant alien robots are divided into two warring factions: the Autobots and the Decepticons. Among the Autobots, their most heroic leader is Optimus Prime. He can turn himself into a semi-truck, but he's at his best when he turns into the massive humanoid warrior he is. Of all the Transformers, Optimus Prime is the most iconic, especially since the movies. He represents the most selfless and brave of all the Autobots, more so than most humans.
1. Voltron
In 1984, Japanese giant robot anime made a huge splash with Voltron: Defender of the Universe. With a first season adapted from the Japanese anime television series Beast King GoLion, Voltron was a collection of lion-robots that combined into the massive mech in order to defend Arus from King Zarkon and his evil ro-beasts. When Voltron unleashed his sword, it was always game over for the bad guys.
What's your favorite giant robot? Let us know in the comments!
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Visiting Boston | Where to Stay<|fim_middle|> | , What to Eat, What to Do!
Visiting Boston? I want to give you the ultimate guide to this amazing city. I recently had the privilege of visiting this city in October for days. The weather was very mild, ranging from 50-late 60's degrees F. Boston is the perfect size, it's not too big, it's well organized and simply beautiful. This is the type of city that you will want to be in and experience. You want to walk the streets, see the architecture and feel the energy. It's kind of like New York but cleaner and less intimidating. The history in this town is an attraction in itself. The Boston Tea Party, Paul Revere's famous ride, and so much more! A visit to Boston in the fall should definitely be on your travel bucket list!
I personally stayed at the Westin by Copley Square in the Back Bay Area. It was a central location for everything we wanted to walk to. We are a walking family, we prefer to walk somewhere than take a train or catch an Uber. My kids broke their personal walking records (previously from a Disney Trip), they walked 6.8miles on the last day of our vacation! Yup! In one day they physically walked almost 7 miles throughout the day! I am still so proud, if you can't tell.
My top tip on saving money while traveling is to go grocery shopping! Thankfully there was a cute little grocery store just a block behind the Westin Copley Square. We bought fresh fruit, oatmeal, peanut butter, cereal, avocados and toast for breakfast. In the afternoons we would return to the hotel or pack a lunch (sandwiches and snacks). As all the other moms will tell you, it's not the easiest thing in the world to take toddlers to restaurants. It is also quite a bit of money and calories when you eat out for every meal! Instead, stock up the mini fridge with healthy options.
But we did go out to eat a few times! Our favorite go-to in Boston was Eat by CHLOE. It's a Vegan Restaurant with delicious Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner options! There are locations in Boston, New York City, Los Angeles, Providence, and over the pond in London! The food was delicious and fresh. The price was very reasonable. The ambiance and decor is SO Instagramable. But most importantly, it was kid friendly! We ate here a couple times but my top picks of the Menu were the Quinoa Taco Salad and the Guac Burger! Again, totally 100% Vegan and totally delicious.
For desert one afternoon we stumbled upon the best donuts I've ever tried in my life at Blackbird Donuts. Blackbirds is a very unassuming artisanal doughnut shop that rotates their flavors every week or so. They are exclusive to Boston! This is a "can't miss in Boston"! You have to try these. I had the BLACKBERRY CURRANT with juicy blackberries with sweet, tart black currants. My kids had the CHOCOLATE SPRINKLE with decadent dark chocolate ganache with a hint of coffee, topped with rainbow sprinkles. We went late in the day around 4pm so many of the flavors were sold out! The one I NEED to go back and try is the famous EVERYTHING BAGEL DOUGHNUT. It is a brioche doughnut filled with whipped cream cheese and topped with toasted garlic, onion, sesame, and poppy seeds.
L.A. Burdick Handmade Chocolates. To sip the best hot chocolate (according to Travel & Leisure or Food & Wine magazines) come here I also suggest a cup of earl grey tea and a slice of chocolate lemon cake!
The Thinking Cup, in the Little Italy neighborhood is a cute coffee shop/baker/sandwich shop. I highly recommend the vanilla and chocolate macaroons.
Boston is a great city with so much to see and do! Everything we wanted to do was within walking distance of our hotel. But there is a Train/Subway system that is fairly easy to use OR there's always good old fashion ride sharing apps!
Copley Square is a beautiful outdoor park sounded by Trinity Church, The Plaza Hotel and the Boston Public Library. The the north is a wonderfully mesmerizing fountain. It's a great place to enjoy a cup of coffee, have a picnic or shop at the weekend farmers market!
Within walking distance of our hotel there were 5 Park Playgrounds! The kids were in heaven!
Boston Common is the central park of Boston. It was established in the 1600s! There is so much history and beauty in this park. Between the ponds, the bridges, the swans, statues, carousel, gazebo, and the playground called the Tadpole Playground.
Clarendon Park is just off Clarendon st and Commonwealth Ave! This is tucked away in a wealthy stunning neighborhood. The kids of the neighborhood actually leave toys at the park for other kids to play with! You can easily pass this park without thinking. It's gated, shaded and beside a tall brownstone. Look closely and take find this cute little playground.
Frieda Garcia Park is another neighborhood park that is slightly hidden on a side street. Google it to find it, it's not always on the maps. It has a few innovative playground structures. Your kids will love it. It's small and clean and colorful.
North End Playground is in Langone Park which is right on the water! This is a cute little playground with a view!
Charles Bank Playground is an outdoor gated playground within the Lederman Park. This park is a gorgeous park to stroll through. It is right on the Charles River. It has gorgeous views from every angle. You will see sailboats and seagulls and waterside yoga classes. It's absolutely beautiful.
I do want to mention and suggest a "river walk" area. Just north of the Science Museum is the Lechmere Canal Park. It's a little area that reminds me of a more beautiful San Antonio River Walk. It also borders the Cambridgeside Mall if you wanna get a little shopping done.
Museum of Science is huge and lovely. It's $28 for adults, $23 for children 3-11/ It's massive so plan to spend almost an entire day here. We just checked out the exhibits in the lobby and ate at the cafe. The cafe back wall is all windows! I suggest you grab a snack and check out the view if you don't want to spend the time of money on the museum.
Boston Children's Museum. Ok, this place is Uber cool! Parents and kids will love this place. It's 3 floors of interactive exhibits directed towards kids imaginations. You can get messy and learn at the same time. This was definitely a highlight. My kids loved this place. It's a perfect indoor activity – which is what we were looking for because it was raining.
I love love love old churches. There is something in me or my past that draws me to old churches in historic cities. Old North Church and Trinity Church are two with incredible sanctuaries. So check it out!
I can't close this blog about Boston without talking about the incredible HISTORY in this city. It all started in the early 1600s when the puritans come over from England and establish Boston. The last half of the 1700s held huge history for Boston and America. There was the Boston Tea Party protesting taxes in 1773 and the Midnight Ride of Paul Revere which was the eve of the Revolutionary War.
Paul Revere was a fascinating man! He wasn't rich, handsome or famous. He was a regular dude lived a life more extraordinary! He was born in Boston, he was a widower, had 16 children, worked hard with his hands and always made his money turn into more money. He invested wisely and had many successful businesses.
He was an avid resister of the British control in America. He was actually captured and questioned by the British at gunpoint. They even stole his horse! But Paul Revere knew what was more important and he lived without fear. He worked closely with John Hancock and Samuel Adams during the Revolutionary War and became famous for his midnight ride where he hung lanterns and warned of the British invasion.
He was a regular dude who did incredible things with his life! I love a story like this. You can actually visit Paul Reveres actual home. It's only $5 for adults and $1 for children. Each room has historians just waiting to spill information about Paul Revere and his life. A lot of the furniture is original. You can see his humble life but feel the inspiration seeping through the walls.
Don't forget to visit the Granary Burial Grounds to see the tombstones of John Hancock, Samuel Adams, and Paul Revere.
I believe walking is the best way to experience a city. Get on the streets with the locals, look at the mix of architecture, eat where the locals eat!
Check out my full Vlog on Boston!
We looooved Boston! We went a couple of weeks before Christmas last year and it was amazing. We did some different things, so we will be checking out your post whenever we go back. 😉 I think Faneuil Hall Marketplace was my favorite. SO MANY DIFFERENT FOOD OPTIONS! yummm 🙂 Glad you guys had a great time. Looks like fun!
Girl you have been everywhere. I love it. I need to revisit your Rome post before December.
My husband is from Boston and I just love visiting the city! The next time we go, I'm going to check quite a few of these out!
He's FROM Boston?! Why did he leave? Winter? lol. I would totally move there except for the feet of snow! | 2,030 |
Don't hold back. This is going to be tasty.
What makes a restaurant steak better than your homemade effort? No, it's not the wine you ordered. It's not the price. It's not the sauce or the fries served on the side<|fim_middle|> fact that to make steak—or anything rich and fatty—taste good, you need to season aggressively.
The first thing you need is kosher salt. Not super-fine table salt. Not the iodized stuff. We use kosher salt (Diamond Crystal in our test kitchen) for seasoning steaks, because its crystal size allows for prime absorption into the outer layer of the steak. Partnered with freshly ground black pepper, it's an absolute essential steak prep step.
Now, you make it rain kosher crystals on that meat. Coat both sides of the steak, and its sides, with salt and freshly ground black pepper, so a visible layer of seasoning exists on every surface. The salt shouldn't pile up, but it should coat the meat. The steak is essentially putting on a t-shirt made of salt and pepper. A skin tight t-shirt. It's weird, but that's just what steak likes to wear. Don't judge.
Now you know how to season a steak. That's all you need to do to get your steak to taste like you paid big money for it. If you have a beautiful cut of steak, it's not going to taste great without salt. If you have kosher salt, flaky salt, and some good old-fashioned confidence, you're golden. | . It's the fact that the chef knows how to season a steak. Really, truly season it.
A lot of home cooks are afraid of salt. Maybe it was passed down from your grandmother's timid palate, or maybe it came from your dad's health-conscious tendencies. It doesn't matter. It doesn't change the | 65 |
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Two killed in Labette County crash
A Parsons woman and her juvenile passenger were fatally injured in a head-on collision in Labette County on Monday, according to the Kansas Highway Patrol. more
Women of Distinction: Deborah Beachner
It is rare to see women in the construction field, let alone owning a construction company, but that is one of many things that makes Deborah Beachner, owner of RFB Construction in Pittsburg, unique. more
SEK Recycling recognizes retiring manager
The SEK Recycling Center staff and board members bid farewell to Jerry Babcock, their operations manager, who had been at the facility for eight years and made major changes, on Friday during his retirement party. more
The quiet jester
Longtime Pittsburg resident and businessman, Stephen R. Ward, passed away at his home on Sunday, leaving behind a legacy of solemn professionalism and humor. more
Pittsburg area hotels rebound
Explore Crawford County announced Monday that for the fourth time in five years, hotel room demand in the county has surpassed 100,000 rooms<|fim_middle|>109,750 rooms. more
Snow forecasted for Tuesday night, Wednesday morning
The National Weather Service (NWS) in Springfield is forecasting snow for Tuesday and Wednesday, and has already posted Winter Weather Advisories for the Four State Area, more
Republican precinct committee members representing Kansas Senate District 13 elected Tim Shallenburger on Sunday to replace Sen. Richard Hilderbrand at their convention in Columbus, following Hilderbrand's recent announcement that he would resign. more
PSU announces Black History Month activities
The PSU Office of Student Diversity, Black Student Association, Bicknell Family Center for the Arts, and the PSU Music Department on Monday announced their line-up of events planned for February as part of the national observance of Black History Month. more
Pittsburg Fire Department to host job fair
The Pittsburg Fire Department will host a job fair from 9 a.m. to noon Saturday, Feb. 4, at Fire Station #1, 911 W. 4th St., Pittsburg. Those interested in fire service careers are encouraged to attend. more
Multiple injuries in Allen County crash, one vehicle strikes house
Multiple people were taken to the Iola Regional Medical Center for injuries sustained during a two-vehicle crash that occurred on Friday morning in Gas, Kansas, according to the Kansas Highway Patrol. more | for the year, with 2022 hitting a record high of | 16 |
Nelson Mandela had deep ties to Hollywood
Former South African President Nelson Mandela, left, with South African-born best actress Oscar winner Charlize Theron, during a photo opportunity in Johannesburg Thursday March 11, 2004. Mandela hailed Theron for her hard work and success in Hollywood. (AP Photo/Denis Farrell)
By Bob Strauss | rstrauss@scng.com | Daily News
PUBLISHED: December 5, 2013 at 12:00 a.m. | UPDATED: August 28, 2017 at 8:03 a.m.
There's nothing Hollywood loves more than a hero, and when one is both associated with a righteous cause and the establishment of peace like Nelson Mandela was, the movies couldn't make up anything better.
"Today the world lost one of the true giants of the past century," said Morgan Freeman, who played Mandela in the 2009 Clint Eastwood movie "Invictus," in a statement Thursday. "Nelson Mandela was a man of incomparable honor, unconquerable strength, and unyielding resolve — a saint to many, a hero to all who treasure liberty, freedom and the dignity of humankind. As we remember his triumphs, let us, in his memory, not just reflect on how far we've come, but on how far we have to go. Madiba may no longer be with us, but his journey continues on with me and with all of us." (Madiba is Mandela's clan name.)
Over the years the South African leader, who died Thursday at age 95, has appeared in more than 55 documentaries (political, historical, concert films and more).
He's been portrayed by more than a dozen actors, including Idris Elba in the just-released feature adaptation of his autobiography "Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom"; Terrence Howard ("Winnie Mandela" from earlier this year); "Homeland's" David Harewood ("Mrs. Mandela" 2010): Freeman; Clarke Peters ("Endgame" 20<|fim_middle|> can only survive if other men stand up and carry the same flag that he was waving."
Others who issued statements upon hearing of Mandela's death included actor Samuel L. Jackson ("I've never met a better person in my life than Nelson Mandela. My sympathy to his family and his country."); Jennifer Hudson, who played the title role in "Winnie Mandela" ("The Mandela family is in my thoughts and prayers during this difficult time. Mr. Mandela fought for freedoms and equality that changed the face of South Africa and the world. We can all learn from his extraordinary journey."); and singer/songwriter Paul Simon ("Mandela was one of the great leaders and teachers of the twentieth century. He conceived a model for mortal enemies to overcome their hatred and find a way through compassion to rebuild a nation based on truth, justice and the power of forgiveness. His passing should reignite a worldwide effort for peace.")
Bob Strauss | reporter
Bob Strauss has been covering film at the L.A. Daily News since 1989. He wouldn't say the movies have gotten worse in that time, but they do keep getting harder to love. Fortunately, he still loves them.
rstrauss@scng.com
Follow Bob Strauss @bscritic
Writer Fran Lebowitz is bringing her opinions to 3 Southern California shows
Disneyland |
Disneyland kicks off Black History Month with food and music festival
Frumpy Mom: A fork, a fork! My kingdom for a fork! Or a towel.
Black History Month events in the LA area, February 2023 | 09); Dennis Haysbert ("Goodbye Bafana"/"The Color of Freedom" 2007); Sidney Poitier ("Mandela and de Klerk" 1997); and Danny Glover (1987 TV movie "Mandela").
Mandela even played a teacher himself in a brief scene in Spike Lee's 1992 biopic of "Malcolm X."
Naturally, many in the entertainment industry who knew, played or were inspired by Mandela expressed appreciation and grief upon hearing of his passing.
"One of the privileges of making movies is having the opportunity to immortalize those who have made a profound impact on humanity," said a statement issued by The Weinstein Company co-chairman Harvey Weinstein, who released "Long Walk to Freedom."
"We count ourselves unspeakably fortunate to have been immersed in Nelson Mandela's story and legacy," Weinstein continued. "It's been an honor to have been granted such proximity to a man who will go down as one of history's greatest freedom fighters and advocates for justice. I have had the privilege of spending time with President Mandela and I can say his sense of humor was as great as his optimism. We are deeply saddened by his loss; our hearts go out to his family and the entire South African nation."
In another statement, "Long Walk's" Elba said "What an honor it was to step into the shoes of Nelson Mandela and portray a man who defied odds, broke down barriers, and championed human rights before the eyes of the world. My thoughts and prayers are with his family."
In an interview with the Daily News earlier this year, British-born son of African parents Elba said of the man he'd recently played, "He's a saint among some in our generation. It goes without saying that I was just very proud to be asked to be a part of this, his story; very much so."
Neill Blomkamp, a white South African filmmaker ("District 9," "Elysium"), said "For someone who went through what he went through, to come out of it with a sense of trying to create peace and to not react in the way that, if I was in his position, even I would have reacted, takes a very special type of person. It is incredible how he dealt with the situation that was handed to him, and how ethically and morally he didn't turn on the country and the white people."
South African actor Sharlto Copley, who frequently appears in Blomkamp's films, echoed the director's sentiments.
"He represents for me the generation of leaders that were involved in changing our country and being able to perform the miraculous, peaceful transition to democracy that South Africa underwent," Copley said. "He's the figurehead, but he's essentially somebody that I wish there were more of, if that makes sense. I would hope that he would inspire more young leaders in South Africa to take his example. That's my hope for the future; it's kind of like the legacy of the man | 625 |
PULASKI - Nico Steffens found the back of<|fim_middle|> had seven saves in net.
Aaaron Staszak, Adam Johnson and Sam Hernanadez scored for Pulaski. Sam Brodhagen made one save for the Red Raiders.
DE PERE - Jeremy Piette had eight saves in the shutout as De Pere defeated Sheboygan South.
Andrew Yang scored twice for the Redbirds, with assists from Robbie Collins and Sam Dorchester.
HOWARDS GROVE - Howards Grove was dominant throughout its matchup with New Holstein, scoring five first-half goals.
William Rautmann had two goals and two assists for Howards Grove. Ryan Baldwin and Rozz Yost also scored two goals each, while Aaron Korpi, Jet Lee and Jacob Halverson also scored.
New Holstein goalkeepers Levi Kesler and Deegan Kossman combined for 19 saves in the losing effort. Ben Taylor made five saves for Howards Grove.
CEDAR GROVE - Jacob Oppeneer scored three goals to lead the Flying Dutchmen to the win.
Chase Dulmes and Matthew Meke each added a goal for Oostburg.
Braden Van Ginkel got the shutout in goal for the Flying Dutchmen. | the net for Manitowoc in the final minute to secure the draw against Pulaski.
Evan Clark and Zach Goetz also scored for Manitowoc and Garrett Hammill | 36 |
Top<|fim_middle|> terrace and a menu that appears to have been lifted directly from the menus of East End London restaurants. We love their Roast of the Day, which makes every day feel like Sunday with everything from beef to veal and all the fixings.
Jekyll & Hyde is a DIFC hidden gem with a British pub atmosphere and delicious homemade meals. The Rolling Roast Dinner is served daily from 12 p.m. to 11.30 p.m. from Friday to Sunday. | places for a perfect dinner in Dubai
Emmley Robert January 13, 2023 0 comments
If you want a home-cooked roast dinner on the weekend but don't want to spend time in the kitchen, there are several restaurants in Dubai that serve up a delicious roast. Where to get the best Sunday roasts and perfect roast dinners in Dubai, complete with Yorkshire puddings, roast potatoes, and lashings of gravy Do you want to make a roast dinner at home in Dubai? Click here to find restaurants in Dubai that will deliver roasted meats to your door. If you want to take a Dubai city tour, contact one of the best tour and travel agencies in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
The top 10 best roast dinner in Dubai
Friday roast meals
You can eat a roast dinner while admiring the Burj Al Arab Jumeirah. This popular pub serves delectable pub fare, including popular roasts. Every roast comes with Yorkshire pudding, roasted potatoes, roasted carrots, and vegetables. The perfect roast dinner in Dubai.
The poetic elephant
If you ever feel like you're missing out on the London vibe, stop by The Eloquent Elephant, a character-filled gastro pub. It's a cozy hangout in the heart of Downtown, and it's a popular choice for live music and best brunch on Fridays in Dubai. The Taj Dubai hotel offers traditional British style that fuses vintage and modern, as well as genuine neighborhoods joint serving home-style meals and lots of warm smiles.
With a single glance, The Scene's vintage chalkboard website gives you an idea of what this very British event is all about. The restaurant's cuisine is based on British pub favourites and comfort food, including a succulent roasts dinner, and has a distinct 1960s and 1970s flair. Drop-ins can also order an English breakfast and a morning cocktail.
The lirsh village
The Irish Village Dubai is a well-known bar that exudes the charm of Ireland. It has an Irish charm but is blessed with Dubai sunshine. The Chef's Roast of the Day, which includes Yorkshire pudding, roast vegetables, sauce, and a meat of your choice, as well as other hearty dishes that rank among Dubai's best pub fare, is available.
Fibber magees
No matter where you go, you're bound to come across (or leave) an Irish bar. Fibber Magee's is a back-alley tavern that creates an authentic Irish fiesta and has become a Dubai landmark for the influx of Emerald Isle expats. Do you yearn for a best Sunday roast? Our top recommendation is a slow-roasted lamb shank with mash, steaming vegetables, and mint gravy. It's served with sun-dried tomatoes on top.
Gaucho Dubai in the DIFC serves a traditional roast with an Argentine twist. This modern restaurant offers a fine dining experience in a chic downtown setting. In addition to the option of sirloin, rib-eye, or spatchcock fowl, guests can customize their roast supper with a beverage package.
Weekends were meant to be spent eating well and playing golf! From 12:30 to 3:30 p.m., the Saturday Roast is available à la carte at the Address Montgomery nineteen restaurants.
The Rose and Crown, a hidden gem in the heart of Al Hatboro City, provides a taste of true British living. Because it exudes comfort and charm, this little tavern is the ideal Saturday stop for people looking for a delicious roast meal and a few drinks. Check it out on Saturdays from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m.
D & A
D&A, or Dhow & Anchor as it is colloquially known, is a British-style gastro pub that has long been a hangout for homesick Britons. This modern restaurant, hidden beneath the Burj Al Arab, has a lovely | 804 |
Julia is the latest member to be added to the team of students in Málaga. She will be there as a STINTer for one year, working to share the gospel with university students in the city.
"Hello. My name is Julia Schumann. I am<|fim_middle|> me and for being able to be a part of what He is doing in this country."
Welcome to the team, to the city and to the country Julia. We are very happy to have you here with us. May God bless you and use your time here to glorify Him. | from Chicago. I studied at the University of Illinois in Champaign-Urbana to be a Spanish teacher. It was there at the university that I came to know God personally and receive Jesus Christ as my Savior. During the 4 years that was studying, the Lord did a lot in my heart and my life and when I graduated I decided to take a step of faith and come to Spain to work with Agape.
I´m very pleased to have the opportunity to serve the Lord and share His love with the students in Málaga. I give thanks to God for having opened this door for | 121 |
Legendary 98-Year-Old Betty White Holds World Record for Longest TV Career
Squirrels Pose Like Tiny Superheroes Ready To Take on Big Battles
Home / Photography
Astronaut Captures Incredible View of What a Sunset Looks Like from Space
By Jessica Stewart on June 17, 2019
Photo: ©️ ESA-A.Gerst
Look up #sunset on Instagram and you'll find over 200 million images from all over the world. But while we're all here on Earth trying to capture the best sunset photo possible, ESA astronaut Alexander Gerst has a view that only a few will ever see. Gerst has spent more time in space than any other active European Space Agency astronaut. He also happens to be an avid photographer, which makes for some of the most unique sunset photos we've ever seen.
Gerst is currently back on Earth and tweeted some images of a sunset he viewed from outer space. Taken in 2018 when he was Commander of the International Space Station, the stunning photos show a wash of warm color layered over a portion of Earth. On one side, the planet is cloaked in darkness; on the other, it's bathed in bright sunlight. Gerst's photograph really demonstrates how the sunset is the dividing barrier between light and darkness.
This isn't the first time that Gerst has shared his unique view of the world with the public. His photographs of Super Typhoon Trami provided an unforgettable look at the power of this storm, and his perspective from the ISS afforded him a unique look at thunderstorms. With 362 days in space under his belt, Gerst is the perfect guide to show the world what an astronaut experiences. His Flickr account is filled with imagery that shows the daily life of an astronaut, giving a behind the scenes look at his time with colleagues and his bird's-eye view of outer space.
ESA: Website | Facebook | Instagram
My Modern Met granted permission to features images by the ESA.
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Jessica Stewart
Jessica Stewart is a Contributing Writer and Digital Media Specialist for My Modern Met, as well as a curator and art historian. She earned her MA in Renaissance Studies from University College London and now lives in Rome, Italy. She cultivated expertise in street art which led to<|fim_middle|> follow her adventures online at @romephotoblog.
Read all posts from Jessica Stewart
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Jupiter and Saturn Will Align to Create the First Super Rare "Christmas Star" in 800 Years | the purchase of her photographic archive by the Treccani Italian Encyclopedia in 2014. When she's not spending time with her three dogs, she also manages the studio of a successful street artist. In 2013, she authored the book 'Street Art Stories Roma' and most recently contributed to 'Crossroads: A Glimpse Into the Life of Alice Pasquini'. You can | 84 |
Home Bra Size Miranda Lambert Height
Miranda Lambert Height
All About Miranda Lambert
Miranda Lambert Bio
Miranda Leigh Lambert, a well known American country music artist who came in third on Nashville Star in 2003. She was Born on November 10, 1983 in Longview, Texas and was raised in Lindale, Texas. She is a Scorpio and is currently 32 years old. Named after her great grandmother, Miranda is of Irish ancestry. Her father and mother are both private investigators. She has a younger brother Luke Lambert. Her debut album, Kerosene, was released in 2005 and was declared platinum in the United States. Miranda has been<|fim_middle|>os and is believed to eat at least one packet each day.
Her first celebrity crush was Jonathan Taylor Thomas, who according to her still manages to make her giddy!
Previous articleMiranda Cosgrove Height
Next articleNeil Patrick Harris Height | felicitated by various award organizations, namely, the Grammy Awards, the Academy of Country Music Awards, and the Country Music Association Awards. She married fellow country singer Blake Shelton in 2011. However, the couple split in July 2015 after four years of marriage.
Miranda Lambert Body Measurements
Miranda has always been envied for her hour glass figure. She is 5 foot 4 inches (162.5 cm) tall and weighs 62 kg (137 pounds). With naturally full features, she takes ample advantage of her body shape as she is always seen dressing up in dresses that accentuate her behind and front. She is famous for her blue eyes which give her face that innocent look.
Her body measurements are: 37-27-35 inches (94-68.5-89 cm) while her bra size is 34C. Her dress size is a perfect 10. She transformed her curvy body to a sleek slender figure back in 2011 and shushed body-shamers when she arrived at the CMAs 2014 in a much slimmer avatar. Miranda has been lauded for endorsing a healthy lifestyle and not being skinny. She was quoted saying "Really skinny actresses make me hungry. I see them and think- honey, you need to eat!" She does not believe in dieting but makes sure that she eats only healthy food. She works out on a regular basis and her trainer is the renowned Bill Crutchfield.
Measurement Summary:
Body Shape – hour glass
Bra Size – 34
Bra Cup Size – C
Height – 162.5 inches
Body Measurement – 37-27-35
Hips Size – 35 inches
Waist Size – 27 inches
Eye Color – blue
Hair Color – blond
Feet/Shoe Size – 7
Fun Interesting facts
Not many people know but Miranda is fondly known as Rand in music circles. Her father who was also a retired police officer brought her a guitar when she was 13 and taught her how to play.
Miranda has appeared on television in Law and Order in 2012. She also starred in a short 30 minute movie, No rest for the Wicked, as herself in July 2015.
She holds the record for the most consecutive wins in the Female vocalist of the year award category of Academy of Country Music. She is also the first woman to win the Country Music Association's Album of the Year award twice.
At an early age, Miranda was introduced to guns and she developed a keen interest in deer hunting. However, as an ardent Christian, she gave up this habit eventually.
Miranda loves to gorge on Cheet | 584 |
Winter isn't all bad. Take the beauty of the Nemadji State Forest for example.
Established in 1935 and part of the western Great Lakes forests (WWF Classification), Nemadji is located in northeastern Pine and southeastern Carlton counties along the Minnesota<|fim_middle|> the cold and walk hunt, or bring a pair of binoculars to birdwatch – I loved being able to see the white-tailed deer, eagles, ruffed grouse, and gray wolves!
If you are interested in visiting, you can find access near the towns of Askov, Bruno, Kerrick, Duquette, Nickerson, and Holyoke, just south of Duluth. | -Wisconsin border.
The northern third of the forest drains into the Lake Superior Basin-Nemadji River Watershed, where the forest gets its name from, while the southern two-thirds drain in the east into the St. Croix River Basin.
A bit of history: the area's old-growth forest was logged throughout the nineteenth century, with the Willow, Tamarack, and Nemadji Rivers being used to drive logs down the St. Croix to Stillwater sawmills.
The majority of the forest came under the ownership of the state after tax forfeitures.
After logging operations moved out, numerous large fires burned through the cutover land.
The settlers in the area tried to farm but the area was much more suitable for trees than crops.
The State has since harvested (and replanted) trees in this area to make a variety of products, such as lumber and building materials, pulp (for making paper), pallets, fencing, and telephone poles.
Nowadays, Nemadji is filled with all-season recreation possibilities.
The forest has 3 miles trails designated for hiking and cross-country skiing, 32 miles for horseback riding, with 121 miles designated for both Classes I and II all-terrain vehicle and off-highway motorcycling use.
Part of the trail system connects with the Matthew Lourey and Gandy Dancer Trail and a segment of the Willard Munger State Trail, known as the "boundary segment".
Find your way to the Gafvert campground, test your patience with ice fishing, brave | 316 |
Q: Evitar auto cálculo del timezone en Javascript Como hago para al recibir una fecha y hora (Desde un campo en timestamp) cuando devuelvo al cliente, éste automáticamente me hace el cálculo del Timezone (GMT -5). Ej. Si en la base de datos tengo 00:05:32 (formato horas, minutos y segundos), cuando lo muestro en el cliente, me muestra 05:05:32 (Ya que yo estoy en Perú y aquí es GMT -5) Espero sus comentarios.
[Edito]
Estoy enviando la data desde Node usando socket.io.
En la base de datos tengo:
2016-10-31 00:05:10
En Javascript uso:
new Date(Date.parse(obj.hora_inicio)).toUTCString()
Esto me devuelve:
"Mon, 31 Oct 2016 15:18:45 GMT<|fim_middle|>" (ref: agregando algo extra)
Esta librería utiliza la norma ISO 8601, donde la fecha se puede definir en un momento preciso (como los cambios de zona horaria +/- 1hora) y por lo tanto se mostrará en todas las zonas horarias que desees.
| "
Bueno creo que va peor la cosa no? realmente estoy confundido.
A: Lamentablemente no se puede cambiar este comportamiento del JavaScript (de manera nativa), el motivo es porque JavaScript tiene 1 sola manera de trabajar las fechas/horas by default (por así decirlo).
Lo que ocurre es simplemente que Javascript mira al cambio de hora, calcula la fecha y hora, y luego le pide al sistema operativo para la representación de esta marca de tiempo en la zona horaria local.
El sistema operativo proporciona un servicio para mostrar la hora en la zona horaria local, pero no en otras zonas horarias. Para ello hay que tener en cuenta cosas como el horario de verano...
Como siempre con la gestión del tiempo, la única manera decente de hacer frente a este problema es utilizar una biblioteca dedicada. En Javascript tenemos a Moment.js y Moment.Timezone.js una librería que entra a ser la salvadora de los problemas con conflictos de zonas horarias.
Te dejo un ejemplo:
console.log((moment('2016-10-31 00:05:10')).format('L'));
console.log((moment('2016-10-31 00:05:10')).format('LL'));
console.log((moment('2016-10-31 00:05:10')).format('LLL'));
console.log((moment('2016-10-31 00:05:10')).format('LLLL'));
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/moment.js/2.13.0/moment.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/moment-timezone/0.5.4/moment-timezone-with-data.min.js"></script>
Lo interesante es que si necesitas mandar a otras zonas horarias, puedes hacerlo con facilidad, de la misma manera hacer un formato con las diversas opciones que hay en Moment.JS
Y como diríamos en Perú: "De yapa | 452 |
Dark velvet red, medium-sized, rose-form double or formal double flowers with incurved petals. Compact, upright growth. Flowers March to April.
Dark velvet red. Medium rose form double to formal double with incurved petals. Compact,<|fim_middle|> Trehane Nursery are amazing. Many thanks.
Very efficient service exactly what we were promised and the camellia were well packaged and in good condition on arrival. Recipients very pleased. | upright growth. Mid to late season flowering.
The quality of the camellias I ve received exceeded my expectations. Will order again for sure.
I recently purchased 4 camelias from Trehane Nursery and have nothing but praise for the quality of the plants delivered, for the packaging they came in and for the excellence of the service provided. I normally prefer to buy plants directly rather than by mail order, but I was so pleased I promptly ordered 4 more. The varieties on offer from | 99 |
The Post (2017)
Steven Spielberg directing H<|fim_middle|>ts, Zach Woods | anks, Streep, Odenkirk, Greenwood, Plemons, and Brie should make a lot of money and be a high quality movie, right?
The film is about The Washington Post Newspaper it 1971. It chronicles how the press defies the government as they want to release loads of classified documents pertaining to the Vietnam War.
The movie was directed by Steven Spielberg and the noteworthy cast includes Tom Hanks, Meryl Streep, Bob Odenkirk, Bruce Greenwood, Jesse Plemons, Alison Brie, Sarah Paulson, Tracy Letts, Bradley Whitford, David Cross, Zach Woods, and Michael Stuhlberg.
The Post is dry as the desert sand. Bright, but also burned out.
The movie was a little hard to follow in the beginning. It has a slow start. Almost every scene seemed drawn out. Because some of the scenes drag on, it takes away from the storyline. You either lose interest and it makes it harder to remember small details that do not matter until later on.
Like many political dramas, the stars come out to play. However, often there are too many stars in the sky, so to speak. There is not enough movie to go around. That is exactly the case with this film. There was this kind of detachment from the main characters.
Odenkirk was probably the most entertaining part of the film and it felt like he was hardly in it. Hanks was likable, but his performance was nothing special. Streep's character started to develop about halfway through. I feel like the movie had plenty of time for us to become attached to the characters, but it just never gets there.
The entertainment value that we have come to expect from a Spielberg directed film, was hard to find. The spark was just was not present. The scenery was great. It felt like the right time and place that it was depicting. There was not a shortage of acting ability. The Post just falls short of all expectations.
It is a likable overrated, underachieving, sluggish, and detached film. It is worth a one-time rental.
If you liked this film then you might also enjoy:
Bridge of Spies (2015)
Lincoln (2012)
Bobby (2006)
Doubt (2008)
Lions for Lambs (2007)
JFK (1991)
All the President's Men (1976)
Tags: Alison Brie, All the President's Men (1976), Bob Odenkirk, Bobby (2006), Bradley Whitford, Bridge of Spies (2015), Bruce Greenwood, David Cross, Doubt (2008), Film, Jesse Plemons, JFK (1991), Lincoln (2012), Lions for Lambs (2007), Meryl Streep, Michael Stuhlberg, movie, Sarah Paulson, The Post (2017), The Washington Post, Tom Hanks, Tracy Let | 629 |
Holiday Sales Could Spike 9% In 2021: Deloitte
Dheeraj Kapoor September 15, 2021 September 15, 2021 436
Retail sales during the holiday season could rise 7% to 9%, according to the latest projections from Deloitte.
In total, sales could reach up to $1.3 trillion. Deloitte projects e-commerce sales could grow 11% to 15% year over year, or up to $218 billion.
The growth would come on top of last year's 5.8% increase in holiday sales, which beat Deloitte's expectations for the season.
Sales for the 2020 holiday season came as a surprise to many. This time last year, Deloitte hedged its numbers as the industry headed into a gravely uncertain season, with COVID-19 surging dangerously through the course of the fall. The firm released a "K-shaped" projection that split its estimates into worst-case and better-case scenarios.
Actual sales for the season beat even Deloitte's best-case estimates, along with those of plenty of other groups (among them CBRE, AlixPartners, the National Retail Federation, and the International Council of Shopping Centers.)
As Deloitte's "K" model suggested, analysts knew well the difficulties of predicting demand in 2020, after COVID-19, consumers and financial markets all proved patently unpredictable.
Retail sales likely got a significant bump during the holidays from consumer spending shifts away from experiences during the pandemic, as well as a surge in digital and omnichannel sales. Retailers who did well-nudged consumers to shop earlier in the season and make use of alternative shopping channels. Also at play during the holidays was general desperation in the population at that time to gin up a little merriment and normalcy after an almost universally stressful and anxious year.
This year, consumers broadly are doing even better, as are individual retailers. Consumers are flush with cash, and the large majority of U.S<|fim_middle|>, amid widespread supply chain and shipping bottlenecks that retail executives have said are eating into their profit margins and disrupting inventory supplies.
Holiday SalesRetail
News Source: Retail Dive | . adults have been at least partially vaccinated against COVID-19. The delta variant of the disease has cast a shadow, but so far has not dramatically changed the trajectory of the industry. Shoppers proved last year they can keep spending on gifts and themselves even during a pandemic.
"While consumer concerns about health and safety have eased since the last holiday season, pandemic-influenced shopping behaviors continue to gain traction," Rod Sides, Deloitte's sector leader for U.S. retail and distribution, said in a press release. "Retailers who remain resilient to shifting consumer behaviors and offer convenient options for online and in-store shopping, as well as order fulfillment, will be poised for growth this holiday season, and into the new year."
Going into the holidays, retailers' big challenge is likely not a demand for but the supply of goods | 168 |
Home Hotel, Casino & Club News Boyz II Men Announce Additional 2013 Dates at The Mirage
Ian Ziering goes "On Air with Robert and CC" at P<|fim_middle|> morris
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Boyz II Men Announce Additional 2013 Dates at The Mirage
Due to overwhelming demand, four-time GRAMMY Award-winning R&B vocal group Boyz II Men announced today they have added four shows at The Mirage Hotel & Casino: Wednesday, Aug. 28 – Thursday, Aug. 29 and Wednesday, Nov. 27 – Thursday, Nov. 28 (Photo courtesy of Boyz II Men).
The trio, featuring baritone Nathan Morris alongside tenors Wanya Morris and Shawn Stockman, perform in the Terry Fator Theatre on select weekend dates through December 29, 2013.
"We're thrilled with this entire Las Vegas experience. We are overjoyed with The Mirage, the fans and the opportunity to continue adding dates," said Nathan Morris, founding member of Boyz II Men.
Formed in 1990, Boyz II Men holds the distinction of being the best-selling R&B group of all-time with more than 60 million albums sold worldwide. The group redefined popular R&B with its smooth harmonies and timeless themes delivered through a multi-octave sound and incredible vocal styling.
Tickets priced at $39.99, $49.99 and $59.99, not including applicable service charges and taxes, are on sale now and can be purchased at any MGM Resorts International ticketing outlet, online at mirage.com or ticketmaster.com, or by calling (800) 963-9634 or (702) 792-7777. Visit mirage.com for a complete schedule of show dates and times.
Shawn Stockman
wanya | 385 |
It all starts with one of the greatest premises I've ever heard: a group of journalists investigate a classified ad stating, amongst other things: "Someone to go back in time with me." No, the ad is not a joke, and while "Safety Not Guaranteed" is a comedy, it does not treat the subject matter as such. There is a big difference between being mean, and prodding delicately.
"Safety Not Guaranteed" is a Mumblecore film that is light on the mumbles. To call it a straight-up comedy would be<|fim_middle|> to The Shins with Natalie Portman. This film does not want to punish the audience for its patience. This is now, and probably will remain, the most inspired and inventive film ever to be made based off of a classified ad. I can only hope that that the events in "Safety Not Guaranteed" played out the same way in real life. For now, I will just have to live with the notion that fiction is often a lot more interesting than reality.
This entry was posted in Aubrey Plaza, Duplass Brothers, Jake Johnson, Mark Duplass, Movie Review, Safety Not Guaranteed, Time Travel on June 28, 2012 by ian0592.
Here is a video of Bill Murray giving a tour of the house in "Moonrise Kingdom." "Moonrise Kingdom" opened a few weeks ago, and I've already seen it, so there seems to be no apparent reason that I'm posting it. However, this video contains Bill Murray.
I can't tell if Bill Murray is joking or serious most of the time he speaks, which is probably what makes him so mysterious and so awesome at the same time. I take everything he says as words of wisdom. Which is why, after this video, I will never wear short pants again, as according to him doing so is asking to get robbed. Genius.
Also, seeing the details that go into making a set on a Wes Anderson film never ceases to amaze me. I need to see "Moonrise Kingdom" again, and as soon as humanly possible.
This entry was posted in Bill Murray, For No Apparent Reason, Moonrise Kingdom, Wes Anderson on June 13, 2012 by ian0592.
Last night, Andy Samberg announced that he will not be returning to "Saturday Night Live" in the fall. This was a sad, yet expected announcement. Expected as in I expected this to happen much longer ago, as Samberg has been a star for many years now. But he needed to stay because without him, "Saturday Night Live" would have been a much different show.
Samberg may have saved the show from irrelevance by launching his first Digital Short, "Lazy Sunday," in 2005. With the Digital Short, the show found a way to survive in the 21st century. Of course, promising new cast members and a Sarah Palin impression would also help, but let us not forget the importance of the Digital Short.
With his band The Lonely Island, Samberg has released two albums, and I pray that a third be on the way at some point in the near future.
Samberg does not get nearly enough credit for being such a versatile performer. He can sing, tell jokes, and act. While Samberg's videos are usually what he is best known for, he could do a few good impressions, including one that got him in trouble with Mark Wahlberg. I worry for Samberg's movie career if he chooses more projects like "That's My Boy." However, I am optimistic if he instead makes more movies like "Hot Rod." "Hot Rod" mixes a whole lot of insanity with a whole lot of heart, and dozens of YouTube worthy moments.
After the jump: Kristen Wiig, and some video highlights.
This news is especially rough given that Kristen Wiig also left the show. Her departure was announced in a moving final segment at the end of the season finale, in which she danced with the cast to the tune of "She's a Rainbow" and "Ruby Tuesday." "She's a Rainbow" was just about the perfect song to play for Wiig, as she was one of the most colorful performers the show has ever had, and she will light up the big screen in the years to come. "Bridesmaids" was her first, and most certainly not her last, mega success in film (I haven't forgotten about her bit part in "Knocked Up"). In fact, I believe she will become one of the biggest movie stars the show has ever produced.
The big question right now is this: where does "Saturday Night Live" go from here? Recently, "Saturday Night Live" has built a talented ensemble that does not hinge on one or two people alone. Fred Armisen, Bill Hader, and Jason Sudekis have no plans to leave yet, but given their success in other television shows and movies, that may not last long. Seth Meyers remains a strong Weekend Update host, and featured players Vanessa Bayer, Taran Killam, and Jay Pharoah hold promising futures.
"Saturday Night Live" is an American institution. And for every Chris Kattan and Victoria Jackson that is put out into the world, they also produce an Eddie Murphy* or Will Ferrell. No matter how many times people try and put it down, "Saturday Night Live" is an important breeding ground for both comedy and comedians. And every once in a while, they give us someone like Andy Samberg and Kristen Wiig.
This entry was posted in Analog This, Andy Samberg, Digital Short, Hot Rod, Kristen Wiig, Lazy Sunday, Saturday Night Live on June 2, 2012 by ian0592. | a disservice. To call it a dramedy also wouldn't quite be the right word. It falls somewhere else in between.
Aubrey Plaza plays Darius, who can be added to her collection of sarcastic, anti-social sad sacks. While I feel I should be tired of it at this point, like I felt with Steve Carell in "Seeking a Friend for the End of the World," I strangely feel like this is the only role Plaza should be playing. Every time she plays a character like Darius, it is as if she is revealing some new layer of her true self.
But unlike, say, April Ludgate, Darius has a kinder air to her, and a darker backstory. She begins the movie explaining her life story, which mainly consisted of her being an anti-social sad sack as a result of her mother's death. It turns out she is not just explaining this to the audience, but also to a man trying to hire her for a job. Needless to say, she doesn't get it. Darius is also a hard-working intern for a Seattle magazine, where she can be seen lifting boxes and changing out rolls of toilet paper. One day, Jeff (Jake Johnson), an overly self-assured writer, spices up a brainstorming session by bringing out the aforementioned classified ad, and then suggests turning it into a story. Jeff recruits Darius and another intern, Arnau (Karan Soni), who is only interning for the magazine because he thinks that it will look good on his resume. Can any other Biology majors attest to this?
"Safety Not Guaranteed" starts off as a detective story mixed with an offbeat road story of mismatched characters. It doesn't veer toward sappy quirkiness or cliche in either case. The investigation takes them to the town of Ocean View. Jeff, however, has another motive for this mission: to track down his high school love interest. With this second story, the title takes on another meaning. Safety is not guaranteed, as this movie does not suffer from the cushion of predictability.
We are not introduced to the man who put the ad out for quite some time, but it is well worth the wait. The investigation leads them to Kenneth (Mark Duplass). Duplass gives such a surprisingly warm performance despite never letting a smile come across his face. Kenneth, despite being a middling supermarket employee, also may or may not be a brilliant scientist who may or may not have discovered time travel. Now, "Safety Not Guaranteed" could have chosen any of the three leading men to be Darius's eventual love interest (they all seem possible), and gotten three very different movies. With Jeff, it would have been a brief and regrettable affair. With Arnau, it would have been a quirky yet corny mismatched relationship. But with Kenneth, it feels just right. These two outsiders who couldn't connect with people needed to meet each other in order to be able to face the rest of the world.
However, "Safety Not Guaranteed" isn't simply about two outsiders connecting over loneliness. "Safety Not Guaranteed" is about what we would change in our past, whether we could actually travel through time or not. The answers are not so simple. At one point, one likable character will turn out to be hiding a very big secret, and a very big lie. The movie doesn't ask you to forgive the action, but certainly it does ask to accept the very possibility of turning over a new leaf.
For a film with such a small budget, it certainly has great ambitions to be much more than it appears to be. This is fitting, as it is about people who aspire to transcend their rough edges. It sure packs a lot of change and development into just 84 minutes. It feels long, but that is because it is slow burning, not just slow. And while "Safety Not Guaranteed" is a comedy, it is not a comedy in the way that anyone would expect. The funniest moment in the film involves Plaza trying to re-organize a shelf of soup cans while trying not to look suspicious.
While "Safety Not Guaranteed" brings out the very best of its small ensemble, there is still a lack of closure in certain areas. I wouldn't have minded if director Colin Treverow had tacked on a few more minutes to the running time. Jeff's story arc didn't feel totally resolved. Also, one big late story twist isn't really given enough time to sink in, and there seems to be something of a rush to the grand finale. For a film that takes its time to tell its story, and often gets lovingly lost in images of sun-soaked beaches, this didn't feel right.
However, the ending is a small-scale marvel. For a film with this small of a budget, one visual feat is particulary impressive. What is really nice about "Safety Not Guaranteed" is its optimistic outlook. Films of this kind tend to view everything with through a cynical lens. However, "Safety Not Guaranteed" is not about a bunch of hipsters forever mad at people who don't get emotional while listening | 1,046 |
Joint Unemployment and Vacancies Operating System (JUVOS) Unemployment Statistics
From June 1983 onwards data have been produced in ward-based aggregations. Postcode sector aggregations are for the entire period from October 1982 onwards<|fim_middle|> relate to all claims up to April 1999, and to computerised claims for May 1999 onwards. For datasets up to April 1999, data are produced relating to claimants whose employment is temporarily stopped - these data are discontinued from May 1999 onwards.
Great Britain. Office for National Statistics (ONS)
Oct. 1982 to May 1999
See User guide.
See also JUVOS Cohort: longitudinal database of the claimant unemployed since 1982.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5255/UKDA-SN-1920-1
Users must register with UKDS before accessing data. | . Earlier data from October 1982 to August 1985 are also aggregated to Employment Office areas. Data for both stocks and flows (those joining or leaving the claimant count in the month) are produced. From May 1999, data on age and duration for stocks relate only to computerised claims processed clerically (currently fewer than 1% of claims). Prior to May 1999, age and duration data for stocks include clerically processed claims for only quarter months (January, April, July and October). Data are also produced relating to claimants under 18, students, married women, and for stocks only, claimants under 60 claiming for less than 4 weeks, claimants under 60 claiming for more than 4 weeks, claimants over 60 claiming for less than 4 weeks, and claimants over 60 claiming for more than 4 weeks. For flows these data relate only to computerised claims. For stocks, they | 209 |
In our busy lives it's sometimes hard to fit everything in we want to get done. We can manage our time well but sometimes we may need to set something aside and put it on hold. We may need to postpone meetings with others or wait to do something we've been planning, and we are flexible enough to manage adjustments when we must. But if we get into a situation where we continually set someone or something aside and there is no plan to actually engage them and take care of matters, we may create problems going forward. Most situations can<|fim_middle|>. You will find peace. Eventually what you are going through will change. You will overcome it, and when you do you'll be stronger. Until then, remember that your happiness is important, especially now. Look for it, plan for it, and embrace it. Every moment you live is precious. Make each one as happy as you can. | wait for a while but if we hold them in suspense indefinitely they will likely suffer. Relationships put on hold will eventually break down through neglect and if we don't make them a priority we may lose more than we're comfortable with. Being on hold doesn't freeze time. Things continue to change. If we wait too long to return to those we've set aside we may find ourselves alone. We can always find time for the things that are most important to us. Leaving someone out in the cold while we do other things indicates where our priorities truly lie. We always do what we want to do most and what we decide to do indicates who we are. It takes effort and attention to build close relationships. Paying attention to those who mean the most and taking the time to follow through to show we care will create strong bonds and lasting connections. Our lives are what we make them. When we value what is most important we will find comfort and happiness.
People say a lot of things. They may tell us what they are going to do, what they want to happen, and that they care for us. Words are important in communicating how we feel but without action to back up our statements they mean nothing. If someone says they love us but never have time for us it will be difficult to believe. If they constantly put us off, postpone meetings again and again, and don't respond when we need them, all the professions of love will be meaningless. They old saying that actions speak louder than words is accurate. We are what we do, not what we say.
Sometimes we have good intentions and want to be there but desire is only the first step in any endeavor. We can identify what we want and if we are sincere we must then move forward in ways that bring it to us. Putting it off until later will not get us closer to the goal. Nothing robs success as effectively as procrastination. Planning to do something later is planning to do nothing now. If we want strong connections to those around us and real success we must actively pursue our goal and do what is needed to bring it to pass. We can do anything we don't put on hold. Every happiness is there and actively pursuing it will make it ours.
Today if you've been putting others off thinking you'll get to them later, remember later never arrives. You only have now to do what is important. Determine what you want most and go forward caring for the things you treasure most in your life. Remember who is important and keep them close. You have everything you need to be completely happy. Be open, be available, and show the love you have for those around you. Their love in return will bring you limitless happiness and constant joy.
We all have ideas about how we want our lives to go and what we want to do. When there is something that entices us, something we want, or a destination we've decided on, we may be captivated by our plans to achieve it. It's great when we're able to succeed and gain the prize but sometimes no matter what we do we can't get there. Sometimes the door is shut – and locked – and nothing we do will open it. There is a blockade in our path. Perhaps others are involved and blocking our way, or maybe the goal we're seeking isn't available to us, or it's a desired relationship with someone else who isn't interested in us. Whatever the reason, it's hard to face a stop sign when we want to proceed. But if there truly is no way to get to the goal we will eventually have to accept the situation as it is. We may try to go around whatever is in our way, or try to negotiate to get in, or a dozen other tactics to try to move forward, but if the answer is truly no we will have to let it go. It's very difficult to turn away from something we want badly. It can be hard to change and move in another direction but sometimes that's where we are.
Facing a great disappointment takes time to process. At first we may think it's a temporary setback and we'll eventually get to the prize. We may convince ourselves the timing just isn't right but feel that will change. There is nothing wrong with having a positive attitude but if the goal we're seeking is truly out of reach it's better to face the situation and move forward in another direction. There is little to be gained by living in a dream state. Reality is what will bring us truth and truth is what brings happiness. If we need time to grieve over the disappointment, we can take it. If we need a change of scenery, we can get it. And if we need to re-evaluate our plans going forward, we can do that. Serious disappointments aren't easy to accept and they take time to get through. But we are capable of managing anything we have to face and if we give ourselves the time we need we can move on.
When things go wrong and we're struggling to find our way we may feel like failures. We may overreact to the disappointment and make it personal. We may believe the lie that we always fail, that nothing we do every goes right, or that nobody will ever love us. Sometimes we will make mistakes and sometimes we will fail. And sometimes even if we haven't done anything wrong things won't go our way. It's important to remember we have many excellent qualities and are capable of doing many things well. We do some things very well. Even if our plans fail, we aren't failures. Things just didn't go our way this time. Next time everything will be different. We can be confident in our abilities, and remember we are intelligent and lovable just as we are. Plans may fail but we don't have to. We can learn and grow and go forward with courage to face the next challenge. There is a lot of success coming our way. We can focus on that and move forward with confidence.
Today if you're facing a terrible disappointment and feel shaken and unsure, remember all the times you've succeeded in the past. There is greatness in you and many more successes ahead. Look forward and be strong. Be confident. You have so much going for you. The future is bright and it's waiting for you.
Life can be difficult sometimes. Things don't go well, we get hurt, or we get lost. It's hard to find peace in the midst of turmoil, and it's hard to be happy when we're struggling. Everyone has times of distress, and we all suffer at some point. It can be a brief moment of discomfort, or it can last for years. It all depends on what we're facing, and what we have to navigate. But even in the worst moments, if we try, we can find respite from the sorrow. We can find peace. If we try, we can even find moments of happiness.
You often hear lovers tell each other how much they want to make each other happy. We're often happy when we're with those we love, but nobody can really give happiness to us. We have to find it ourselves. Of course, it's easier to be happy when everything is working out according to our plans, when we have more than we need, and when we feel loved, and cared for. But even if these things aren't in our lives right now, we can find some measure of happiness. We have to determine first that we really want to find it. If we do, then we can begin to do things that will bring it to us.
In times of distress, we can find happiness in the things we enjoy. Perhaps you love the outdoors, and being outside gives you comfort. If you're suffering, plan to be outside and refresh yourself. Maybe you love music, and no matter where you are, when you hear it you feel lighter. Find the music you love the best, and keep it close. When you feel down, turn it on, and listen. Listen intently, escape the moment, and your spirits will rise. Or perhaps you love animals. Studies show that people who are ill or depressed are improved by spending time holding, and interacting with pets. If you don't have one, visit a friend who does, and spend some time playing. These are small things that can help you find a little joy when you're struggling. If you take a moment to identify what makes you happy, and then make it a priority to spend time doing those things, you'll feel better, even when you're suffering.
Today if you're struggling and feeling bad, remember that happiness is still there waiting for you. Set aside some time to do the things that bring you joy. Immerse yourself in the activity, and let the sorrow go for a time | 1,782 |
First Photos of Jurassic World Primal<|fim_middle|> a much more aggressive demeanour for this animal – and it is something which we haven't seen Mattel play with thus far, so it is great to see the team getting even more creative and imaginative in 2019. Last, but certainly not least, we must touch on the wonderful box-art – which has some incredible detail. I love the simulated park fence in the backdrop, and the red glow which the team have chosen for the artwork. It really pops and has a real sense of danger about it – something which I think will really appeal to kids, and will make this line a hit in a non-movie release year. Overall, if this toy is an indicator of the quality we can expect from the 'Massive Biters' line, then I am SERIOUSLY way more excited to see the Sarcosuchus – and that was already my most anticipated toy of 2020!
What do you all think of these three new dinosaurs? Will you be adding them to your collections? For me personally, I am hopeful that the continuation of these beautiful medium-scale figures means that we could see even more variety in the new future. Dinosaurs from Jurassic World Evolution like the Giganotosaurus or the Majungasaurus would sit right at home within this toyline, so we will have to wait and see what the future holds through 2020 and beyond.
For now, however, we hope you've enjoyed this sneak peek at a little of what's to come! Remember to stay tuned right here on Collect Jurassic, as we will be sure to update you with more news as soon as we get it!
Jurassic ParkJurassic WorldMattelPrimal AttackToys
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Very nice, thank you. I will acquire when available!
Tom Jurassic says:
Thank you for taking the time out to comment John! -Tom
Liking the look of the new Carnotaurus! It's one of my favorite species, so I'm happy to hear it's important on Camp Cretaceous. Tarbosaurus is a must-get, very distinct look. The packaging is gorgeous! Love the sunset effect. This packaging is very different to that unrelated mockup packaging that made the rounds a few weeks back for a "Slash N Smash Velociraptor", but it hits on a similar aesthetic. It's a little silly how Owen is still on the box considering there aren't even going to be any humans in this new line and Camp Cretaceous will probably only have cameos from him at best, but at least they used a new image.
A correction: This is the second repaint of the Extreme Chompin, not the first. The first repaint was the one painted to look like Buck that released in a two-pack with the baby T-Rex as a Legacy item. It looks great, but the ad copy makes it sound like it's still a Legacy item, and if Legacy remains Target-exclusive I'll probably never get it. I already have two Extreme Chompins anyway (Buck and Battle Damage) so even though I like the colors of this one more it's hard to justify buying a third Chompin Rex if nothing's new but the colors.
Very true, Gooper! I always forget about that green Rex pack since we never saw it here in the UK.
Agreed about Owen, but I like the packaging overall like you say. Having the fences present is really, really fun! I agree it's hard justifying another Rex in general to be honest, given how many we have!
Very excited for all of these. The repainted Extreme Chompin' Rex is a most unexpected but amazing addition and I'm so eager to own it. Absolutely love the virtually perfect movie-accurate color scheme which nails the design and coloration of the Winston/McCreery design of the original Rex. We already have so many T-Rex toys from Mattel but this one is an instant must-buy for sure.
I just hope Mattel takes their time releasing these and holds up until maybe early Summer 2020? I'm still trying to recover my finances and this holiday season certainly won't be easy on my wallet with the Legacy Brachiosaurus and the newer Dino Rivals stuff coming out like the Amargasaurus.
Great seeing you in the comments as always Erik – and really happy to see you are excited for the toys! I agree this Rex is one of the strongest ones.
I reckon Spring 2020 is likely for this. Maybe January/February – possibly sooner. Mattel do seem to pump these guys out.
Definitely save some money for the Amargasaurus. I have a review dropping on The Jurassic Park Podcast YouTube channel tomorrow. It really is a beautiful toy.
I can't wait to get the Amargasaurus. I really like how Mattel has been focusing on so many different species of dinosaurs and other prehistoric animals, really adds nice variety to the line-up.
Mattel definitely seems to churn these out very quickly. Spring 2020 would be fine, maybe around late April or early May. At least spend the earlier part of 2020 saving up. The Dino Rivals toyline has been pretty brutal on my wallet throughout this year with the rate Mattel's been cranking them out. It's certainly been worth every hard-earned cent, though.
JPSACU says:
Will this include a trading card?
Not sure yet – hopefully we will see product descriptions which may confirm or deny this closer to 2020! | Attack Toys Revealed (UPDATED)
By Tom August 24, 2019 August 26th, 2019 News
UPDATED 8/29/19: New image of Extreme Chompin' Rex in packaging added to gallery.
Earlier this month we already got some exciting news on the future of the Jurassic World toyline from our friends at Mattel – with more concrete details on the upcoming Primal Attack line which is set to debut in 2020.
Now, we have some exciting news on what are sure to be three of the most popular items to debut in the first wave of this new line. Before we go any further, we wanted to thank our friends at Jurassic Outpost, who helped us to corroborate our source on this news and refine higher-quality images to share with you all!
First up – we have our first sneak peek at the Control and Conquer Carnotaurus! Now we have already seen this toy in play in a video which Mattel showed at their booth during their San Diego Comic Con presentation (if you missed it – check out our roundup, found here), and it is safe to say that this is an exciting looking rendition of the Carnotaurus. Whilst that first video showed the similarities between this figure and 2018's Action Attack Carnotaurus figure, it is safe to say that this toy is looking pretty different. The new figure looks to have a much more earth-like colour to it – not too dis-similar from the repaint of the Ceratosaurus which we saw debut in the 2019 Roarivores assortment. I personally really like this, as I think the dirtier, more naturalistic colours really suit the dinosaur. Whilst the original colours were already relatively muted, these go a step further to really help to make this figure look great. I also love the choice of the light grey for the figure's underbelly, as this really helps to create a character which looks fantastic. I will be interested to see how this lives up to the Action Attack variant – as it certainly looks like there may be some re-tools and reuses here, although we believe that at least some of the figure will be new.
Second, and incredibly excitingly for many Jurassic fans, we finally have a look at the first ever repaint of the popular 'Extreme Chompin' Rex which debuted within 2018's Legacy Collection line, exclusive to both Smyths and Target amongst other chains. Whilst we are not fully sure on how this figure will release at present, it is safe to say that this brand-new addition to the Extreme Chompin assortment is really exciting for collectors who loved the Bite 'N' Fight Rex, as it follows very similar colour schemes to that dinosaur. This is a fantastic rendition of the classic Rex, capturing some of those darker colours which we see on her within the film. I can see this version of the character being particularly popular with toy photographers, as it combines smaller dimensions with darker tones, which will make it a lot of fun to shoot with at night time. The lighter brown highlights on the back of the figure, and the beautiful texturing and use of shadow around the snout and eyes really do make this look like a step-up for the line, and I am sure that this will be another rendition which will be incredibly popular with fans who have enjoyed Mattel's offerings thus far.
Lastly, but by no means least, we have the beautiful new Tarbosaurus – coming in the brand new 'Massive Biters' line which is also set to include the incredibly exciting Sarcosuchus! The Tarbosaurus here is a truly stunning new addition to the line-up, providing Jurassic fans with a great new tyrannosaurid to join the vast assortment we already have within the line-up. This dinosaur does a lot of things which I think fans will appreciated. We have some great spinal extrusions here which are like those on the Allosaurus, but much longer – thus giving the dinosaur its own unique profile. The initial size itself really gives me Albertosaurus vibes – which is exciting, as I feel as though that dinosaur was a perfect medium-scaled beast. I also love how the head sculpt here looks like the T-Rex – but has enough distinctive texturing to look unique enough when compared to its more commonly known relative. One thing I really like here is the choice of red for the lower jaw and underbelly. This sets | 914 |
You will only undertake an MBA once in your life – and your choice of school will stay with you for the rest of your career. With NSIC, you choose a future filled with possibilities. The college is acknowledged for its cutting-edge research-derived curriculum and pedagogy, and has been voted as one of the most advanced colleges in India.
However, beyond the rankings and quantifiable measures of success, there is the intangible value of the New Shores experience. As one of a select few colleges in the India, and in the good<|fim_middle|> precisely.
• Gather, assess and interpret data.
• Reach sound conclusions and solution.
• Communicate persuasively and effectively.
What is Research Driven Thinking Applied?
The bottom line is that it is a rigorous, systematic way to observe, analyse and solve both research and real-world problems. At New Shores, we create numerous applied-learning opportunities for students to practise using this powerful thinking style in real-world settings.
Companies are looking to hire people with strong analytical problem-solving skills who can strategically address complex, unstructured business issues. In fact, the Corporate Recruiters Survey from the Graduate Management Admissions Council singled out those very skills as highly attractive to hiring companies. We have also heard the same thing many times from the companies and organisations we work with who recruit students for internships and permanent jobs. Furthermore, students would not be looking at MBA programmes unless transforming their career was their objective. We believe that applying research-driven thinking will be the catalyst for that change.
Among the many opportunities to apply research-driven thinking and gain real-world experience at New Shores are Enterprise Management Consulting Projects, Innovation Challenges, the Batten Venture Internship Programme and the New Shores Business Incubator.
Taking Research-Driven Thinking to the Real World.
While classroom study is critical, the real measure of an MBA programme is how academic learning translates to the workplace. This is where the "applied" part of New Shores' 'research-driven thinking, applied' is put to the test.
Industry Wise Break up of the Participants. | company of the country's leading think tanks, who follow the same innovative method of learning, New Shores remains distinct. New Shores is a unique place to learn, grow and achieve. The intensity of our programmes and casework; the extraordinary campus; the energised classroom environment and the bonding with other bright and highly-motivated peers all contribute to creating a truly life-changing experience.
The New Shores MBA demonstrates the distinctiveness of its vision by academic integration of special modules on entrepreneurship, and an emphasis on marketing management specialisation. Students following the programme will study International Internship, Entrepreneurship and Leadership Development Programmes and Enterprise Management Consulting, and gain global exposure through International Study Tours, and the GCB Series.
"Research-driven thinking, applied:" our entire programme, indeed the very way we teach, is based on this operational principle. It is, more than any other single element, what sets us apart, and it is reason enough for you to put New Shores at the top of your list of MBA programmes to consider.
• Ask the right questions and formulate them clearly and | 219 |
Ford Motor Company is working with the United Soybean Board to help research, develop and<|fim_middle|>ântara, M. R. and Viotto, W. H. (2012). International Journal of Dairy Technology. Read the abstract. | implement soybean-based materials into their products to take the place of petroleum-based materials and improve the sustainability footprint of their operations. Read more from Ag Wired.
A new oil dispersant made primarily of edible ingredients could provide a more environmentally friendly way to clean up slicks and spills. Read more at LiveScience.com.
Using next-generation sequencing technology and a novel strategy to encode 1,000 times the largest data size previously achieved in DNA, a Harvard geneticist encodes his book in life's language. Read more from ScienceDaily.
According to a new market report published by Transparency Market Research "Synthetic Biology Market, Global Industry Analysis, Size, Growth, Share and Forecast, 2012 - 2018", global Synthetic biology market was worth USD 1,537.5 million in 2011. Read the news release.
Plant pathologist Dr. Steve Savage provides his opinion and look at historical precedents for food labeling. Read more at Science 2.0.
Ralph T. Holman, who'scrowning achievement was to name the Omega-3 fatty acids, passed away at 94. Read more from the Austin Herald as well as 'A tribute to Dr. Ralph T. Holman' on this blog.
ACS will present (for free!) the webinar 'How to Catch a Poisoner' on Thursday August 30, 2012.
"Deborah Blum, Pulitzer-prize winning science writer and author of "The Poisoner's Handbook", tells the story of the two scientists who invented forensic medicine and figured out how to catch killers that used an almost invisible weapon. Learn the history of poison, murder, and forensic investigation. "
Effect of the type of fat on rheology, functional properties and sensory acceptance of spreadable cheese analogue.
Cunha, C. R., Grimaldi, R., Alc | 388 |
We offer bellows rubberized cloth and various sizes of rubber tubing for players.
Bellows material is available for all of the bellows in the player piano.
There are three main areas of bellows troubles in a player.
First, the big pumping bellows in the bottom of the piano can give real trouble. There are usually two, and if they leak, you cannot keep up with them and make the piano play. Open the bottom of the piano by moving the metal clip and lifting it out. Look at the corners of the bellows. this is usually where the trouble is. Are the corners cracked badly? If yes, paint yellow rubber cement around the area, layer on a patch of cotton cloth, and paint the cloth again.
If there are no holes or cracks in the corners of the bellows, your problem is a leather valve strip inside or on the back of the bellows. If this leather strip is right in front as you look at the bellows, then you can replace it to get a better seal. This strip lets air out of the bellows as the bellows closes, and it stops the holes while the bellows opens, thus making a vacuum which operates the smaller key bellows above. Replace the leather strip if it is not sealing right as the bellows opens.
Second, the bellows in the "motor" above on the "stack" can also leak. The result will be that the roll refuses to run. Open the top of the piano<|fim_middle|> a long time since it was manufactured, or its last restoration, and you will not get 100% performance unless you invest in a professional restoration. Start a fund right now for that. | until the "stack" (player works) is all exposed. Check for cracks and leak holes in the corners of the bellows.
If you find leaks, use the same treatment as the lower bellows as mentioned above, but try to make your work neater and more miniature to avoid inhibiting the movement of the smaller bellows. Use very light weight cotton cloth.
There is also a regulator bellows, sometimes more then one, which can develop the same problem. Repair it the same way.
Third, there are 88 little bellows under the stack which operate the keys. You may be able to see these from the front with the piano open above, but you will not usually be able to see all 88.
The symptom telling you there is a problem with key bellows is that one or more of the keys will be sluggish or dead, while all the rest work well.
Or; as soon as you turn on the system, a hammer will bang against the wire and stay there throughout the whole piece. This is not a vacuum leak but a defective valve. Only your tuner should venture into this area.
If your player is so bad that you are willing to risk all to fix the little bellows, go ahead. Remember, this is only to repair a sluggish key which tries to work, or which works if you turn the volume all the way up.
First, starting at the right hand end of the key board, count off the keys until you get to each of the bad ones. Write down the number of each bad key on a piece of paper.
There are mounting screws or bolts on wither end of the "stack." Take them out. There may be a brace at the top of the stack which is attached to the harp of the piano. Remove it. Loosen the big hose or hoses at either end. Remove any rubber tubes that clearly run from the "stack" down around the ends of the "stack" into the bottom of the piano. Take the leather nuts off of two or three rods where they attach to the main body of the piano. Grab the "stack" by both ends, and lift it out-- if it comes away freely. If not, look some more for bits and pieces to disconnect.
Once you have the "stack" in your hands, you need to lay it down very carefully. The 88 little bellows are on the bottom, so DO NOT set the "stack" on the its bottom. Try to lay it down on a table with the front face down-- that is the front of the "stack" which you originally looked at it in the piano. Nice trick, eh?
Now that you have the 88 little bellows exposed, go around and look at each one. Count them off from the end which is on the right in the piano. Be careful as you count not to get disoriented, since some player bellows are staggered in a weird way to make them all fit.
Put a dab of "White Out" on each bellows that is bad. Look at each of the bad bellows for holes. If you see them, put a layer of rubber cement over the holes. Do this several time, not using the cloth this time, until the hole is filled with rubber cement.
If there are no holes, sorry friend, you have either got bad rubber tubing, or the valves in the bad bellows are not holding. Put the "stack" back, and go have a cup of coffee. Be thankful you didn't have an earthquake last night.
If the bellows had holes, and if you have them all fixed, put the "stack" back, reversing the order above. If the leather nuts are ruined as you work with them, make new ones out of some piece of rubber in the garage.
I hope the thing works better, but remember, this is not going to bring things back to work first rate. The player must be | 802 |
Ben Grizz is a hip-hop artist from Fitchburg, Massachusetts. Born on July 18th, 1994,<|fim_middle|>. Ben's voice is seamless and organic, combining his great musical background with unprecedented charisma. Don't miss out on Ben Grizz's tracks, as he is in the process of getting recognized through Massachusetts and beyond! | Ben has been passionate about music ever since he was only a kid, and hip-hop really runs in the family, with both his uncle (a rap artist himself) and his grandfather being really into rap music. His unique artists name stems from a cool expression coming from his brother's friends: "Get it Grizz"! The term indicated overcoming all the struggles of life and achieving goals in spite of all the hardships! This positive and proactive attitude certainly reflect on his sound, which is a unique blend of old school warmth and modern day punch. Ben Grizz creates impactful tracks with huge-sounding beats and eye-opening lyrics, echoing the work of legendary artists such as The Notorious B.I.G., 50 Cent, Lil Wayne or Chief Keef, only to mention a few | 157 |
22 Best Teen Romances on Netflix to Watch Right Now
in Netflix
Mark McPherson January 6, 2019, 8:28 am 1 Comment
A teenage romance movie need not only be appealing to the teen crowd. Unless you're a much younger person reading this, chances are you remember what it was like in high school. It's that strange time in your life where you're expected to answer a lot of tough questions before venturing out into the world on your own. And we're not just talking about the SATs or ACTs. We feel the need to question who we want to be with, debating whether our relationships will remain friendships or take a turn for the romantic. This is why teen romances hold such a warm place in the heart for older folks while still being a very relatable and engaging picture for its targeted demographic. Here are 22 teen romance movies on Netflix that are sure to make the heart swell and a smile crack.
Last updated: 21 February, 2019.
This coming-of-age high school film finds Hailee Steinfeld playing a teenager struggling to grow up amid a snarky teacher, a mostly-absent mother, and her best friend dating her brother. With so much changing around her, she feels alone and isolated in a world she doesn't fully understand yet. Perhaps the kind and keen teen Hayden Szeto can help her better come out of her shell and have a<|fim_middle|> a nosey Amanda Bynes spreads rumors about Stone, the once clean-cut girl finds herself becoming uncomfortably popular for reasons she didn't want. One of the early Stone performances that is absolutely adorable and sassy, especially when paired with Penn Badgley.
The Perks of Being a Wallflower
Logan Lerman plays Charlie, a teenager used to being the wallflower of parties. But his life of being shy soon changes when the two outgoing teens of Emma Watson and Ezra Miller come into his life and change it forever with love, art, and writing dreams. And that friendship will have to strengthen when the trio could be splitting up when college time rolls around.
Miles Teller plays teenage party animal Sutter Keely who soon befriends Shailene Woodley's character of Aimee Finicky. They start off as strangers but slowly develop a unique relationship as Sutter tries to conquer his demons and Aimee starts thinking about how she wants to go into adulthood. Directed by James Ponsoldt ("The End of the Tour"), it's a strongly engaging teen romance with a loving throwback to John Hughes teen comedies in its charms.
Nick and Norah's Infinite Playlist
Michael Cera and Kat Dennings play an adorable teenage couple. Initially, Cera's character of Nick can't get over his ex-girlfriend of Tris (Alexis Dziena). But when Dennings' character of Norah finds herself drawn to him at the club, there's a chemistry that clicks as they get to know and love each other. They connect over the course of one wild night of awkward run-ins, drunk friends, and a helpful band.
Scott Pilgrim's teenage romance may be the most action-packed of any relationship building. In order to get with the woman he loves, he'll have to defeat her seven evil ex-boyfriends in a series of serial and pop culture-laced battles fit for a video game. Directed by Edgar Wright (Hot Fuzz) and starring Michael Cera as the lead, the film is a bombastic romance of visual flair inspired by video games and manga.
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The classic story of Cinderella takes a more modern and musical approach to how one unfortunate girl happens upon love. You know the drill: a cruel stepmother and her wicked children conspire against a young girl, in this case, a teenager seeking to make her dreams of singing professionally come true. But dreams of true love may also come true when her angelic voice attracts the new boy in school.
A collective of boys make a pact that before they finish high school, all of them will have had sex. They go about trying to get in bed with women all the weird and wrong ways, resulting in much mockery and humiliation. Of course, one thing they didn't count on so much with their pact was falling in love when they decide to take action. One of them probably didn't count on their dad walking in on them in the infamous pie scene.
An updated version of John Waters classic, Hairspray reimagines the chaotic and cooky world of a prejudicial Baltimore into a vibrant and quirky musical. While still containing the same story of Tracy trying to become a dancing sensation despite her weight, the bouncier tone, along with hilarious supporting performances by John Travolta and Christopher Walken, make the music and romance all the more charming.
Based on Louise Rennison's novels, teenager Georgia Nicholson is hoping to get the attention of Robbie to be her new boyfriend. But it won't be easy for Georgia. Not only is Robbie part of a fraternal twin pair but she also has to deal with troubles at home with her parents and all the troubles that come with being a teenager trying to balance it all.
When the end of high school looms, it can feel as though its the end of an era for a teenager, when something desperate and unique must be done. And for the teen collective of Dude, their time is running out fast as they only have two weeks before graduation. And within that two weeks is a wealth of experience from many parties to emotional life changes.
Alex Strangelove
Akin to American Pie, Alex Strangelove is yet another teen romance of high school students setting a timely goal of losing virginity before their schooling is through. But there's something that a high school senior didn't count on for this goal. Not merely falling in love but the prospect of perhaps not being of the sexual orientation originally thought. What follows is an emotional journey of trying to figure yourself out amid the tough grounds of the final days of high school.
Saoirse Ronan plays a teenager who is eagerly awaiting to graduate high school in 2002 so she can leave behind California for New York City college. Her last year in Catholic school finds her forming romances with the drama club student and the bad boy of the school. But these relationships will take routes she doesn't expect in her fast-paced coming-of-age story.
A lot of teenage romances are about when the boy meets the girl but Love, Simon is a charming divergence of boy meets boy. Or a boy who thinks he meets a boy. Nick Robinson plays an average suburban teenager who is secretly gay and confesses it secretly online. Another teenage boy from school admits he is gay as well and that he likes him. But who could it be? It's a heartwarming little mystery of coming out with a rather sweet and freeing ending.
Hailee Steinfeld plays high schooler Nadine, an awkward teen feeling especially alone when she discovers her best friend is dating her jock brother. It isn't until she meets the charming Hayden Szeto and receives some sage advice from her snarky teacher played by Woody Harrelson that she starts to come out of her tightly-shut shell of quips and sneers. Director Kelly Fremon Craig weaves a particularly engrossing film for those who are or ever were the outsider in high school who did a better job handing out insults than maintaining relationships.
A more relatable Cinderella story, Mae Whitman plays the DUFF of her pretty friends, described as the "designated ugly fat friend." But her general weirdness attracts the eye of Robbie Amell, a track athlete who volunteers his services to make her more presentable for a man. We can see where this story is going but it's a brilliant romantic comedy for the quirky chemistry of Whitman and Amell who are genuinely likable and hilarious.
To All The Boys I've Loved Before
Beautifully fantastical and relatable, To All The Boys I've Loved Before stars Lana Condor as high school junior Lara Jean Covey shyly attracted to boys. She's so shy she'll write them letters of passion and then never send them. But when all the letters are mailed to the boys by her sister, she's forced to confront her feelings.
A fable, perhaps, but Sing Street is such an inspiring teen coming-of-age romance that one can't help but be inspired to pick up a guitar after watching it. Ferdia Walsh-Peelo plays a poor Dublin schooler of 1985 who wants something to change. He decides one day to try for the hand of the cool older girl played by Lucy Boynton, impressing her by saying he's in a band. The problem is he doesn't have a band but he soon starts one quickly with a gang of plucky outsiders.
Ellen Page and Michael Cera find themselves at an awkward stage in their high school relationship when Page's character finds out she is pregnant with Cera's child. She tries to form a bond with other men as the due date approaches but they're ultimately meant to end up together. Thanks to a script by Diablo Cody, the film is fast and feisty with its dialogue that keeps up the wit with its pregnancy drama.
John Cusack stars as Lloyd, an optimist teenager who hopes to win the heart of the lovely Diane, played by Ione Skye. She seems to be out of his league as she's a perfect teen in terms of beauty and academics but she also finds him attractive. It's just a matter of getting around her disapproving dad played by John Mahone.
Molly Ringwald was a staple of John Hughes' many teen comedies defined as the Brat Pack but she's at her strongest in Pretty in Pink. She plays Chicago high school outcast Andie, a poor girl who would rather spend time at the record store. Jon Cryer plays her best friend Ducky who has a crush on her but isn't sure if she's willing to take their relationship to the next level. Easily the most dramatic of the Brat Pack romances, Pretty in Pink is an absolute must when it comes to teen romances.
To quote John Hughes' other teen comedy, "Life moves pretty fast. If you don't stop and look around once in a while." The Breakfast Club slows down the lives of a handful of teenagers when they all receive Saturday detention in the high school library. The misfit group comprised of Emilio Estevez, Anthony Michael Hall, Judd Nelson, Molly Ringwald, and Ally Sheedy all come together to learn more about each other and maybe even fall in love.
Easy A
Emma Stone plays a teenager that switches gears from being a proper high school student who keeps her record clean to a girl lying about her virginity. But when | 1,483 |
in Galaxies 101, Science
How shall I classify thee? Let me count the ways…
Although classifying with Galaxy Zoo doesn't rely on it explicitly, many participants soon learn about Edwin Hubble's system of classifying galaxies. More precisely, his system of classifying blue-filtered images of galaxies, because that's what was available when he did his work. His system is often summarized in the tuning-fork diagram, showing how the properties of central bulges and spiral arms change systematically along a sequence from ellipticals through S0 galaxies (which he hypothesized, but could only be identified later), and both barred and ordinary spirals of types Sa and SBa through Sc and SBc. What has given Hubble's classification such staying power is that (to our enormous good fortune) many galaxy characteristics of physical importance – star-formation history, gas and dust content, stellar dynamics – all correlate well with something that is, after all an eyeball estimate based on how much a galaxy looks like one of a set of "standard" galaxies.
Might we have selected other features to key on? This is more than a rhetorical question – additional systems of galaxy classification have been suggested over the years, either parallel to Hubble's or incorporating refinements to describe additional features. Some of these have largely been added to the Hubble types in wide use, some have given us a few additional descriptions such as N and cD galaxies, and some remain islands of specialist interest.
Probably the most influential of these refinements came from Gerard de Vaucouleurs<|fim_middle|> at 5:51 pm
The pitch angle is the angle between a (local) piece of a spiral arm and the tangent to a circle of the same radius (as seen face-on, so images of most spiral galaxies must be projected to correct for their inclination to our view in order to measure it). A ring feature has pitch angle zero, tightly wound arms have small pitch angles (a few degrees), and more open spiral arms may have pitch angles of 30 degrees or more. This provides one way to put numbers to properties of spiral patterns (and can often be done numerically rather than visually, in which case the measurements can be made wholesale for large samples), seeking correlations and comparing with simulations of galaxies' internal motions. | , who made several important additions. First, he recognized a continuous sequence right past the Sc galaxies to irregular systems – to Sd, and then to disk galaxies organized as well (or as poorly) as the Large Magellanic Cloud Sm, and finally to completely disorganized irregulars I. Each of these came in both barred and nonbarred forms. Speaking of bars, de Vaucouleurs looked at the central regions of galaxies and found that there were strong bars, nonbarred galaxies, and small or weak bars. One more parameter. Also, spiral arms can either spring out from the core like an S or from a ring, or a combination. He denoted nonbarred spirals as SA, barred spirals as SB, and intermediate (weakly barred) galaxies as SAB. For the core, an inner ring would be (r), core spiral (s), and combination (rs). Then he added a stage letter like Hubble's, but now extended past Sc as far as Sm – so, as an example, his estimate for the Milky Way's type is SB(rs)bc.
These distinctions are easiest to recognize in the middle of the spiral sequence, so de Vaucouleurs introduced the idea of a 3-dimensional classification volume, of which Hubble's tuning fork is a sort of cross section parallel to one axis. The Reference Catalog of Bright galaxies by him and colleagues showed what was described as an artist's depiction of a slice across the classification volume for Sb galaxies. (Years later, de Vaucouleurs' one-time student Ron Buta found that the artist had been de Vaucouleurs himself, on a cloudy night at McDonald Observatory.)
Ron also told me that each of these was recognizably based on a bright galaxy, a challenge I could hardly let pass. Here's what I came up with from memory (not all are in the SDSS).
SA(rs) NGC 3486
SA(s) NGC 1566
SB(s) NGC 1300
SB(r) NGC 5921
SAB(rs) NGC 4303
(I'm still waiting to get my test score on those).
Rings also occur in the outer parts of galaxies – de Vaucouleurs noted these and designated them by an initial R or (R) – the latter is a pseudoring, actually formed by tightly wound spiral arms. Rings are important, wherever they occur, because they show us where there is a resonance between the orbital speeds of stars in the disk and global pattern, which can move stars (and interstellar matter) radially within the galaxy. They are often associated with bars; one working idea for strong rings without a bar is that the bar itself was finally dissolved as the ring strengthened over time.
de Vaucouleurs also noted that not all elliptical and lenticular galaxies are identical. Some ellipticals have more or less extended outer starlight distributions than typical, and S0s can be grouped depending on how prominent the disk of stars is, and how much dust (and by inference gas) remains in the disk – from the most elliptical like S0– syses through, S0 to S0+, which are most like Sa spirals. Examples are (respectively) NGC 3115, 5866, and 4710.
Almost by accident, de Vaucouleurs introduced a numerical coding of his types for his First Reference Catalog, which was (noteworthy for its time) typeset from computer-printer output, For easy sorting and legibility, he added a coding of each type in easy-to-read form for a computer, including a type index T – T=-4 for ellipticals, 0 for a S0+, 1 for Sa, 3 for Sb, and so on to 10 for irregular. This has proven to be a very useful variable in innumerable data plots ever since.
Some of these refinements, especially the spiral/ring/bar distinctions, are so informative that many people add them to Hubble types. This isn't exactly right – the two sets of types are not defined in quite the same way. In polishing Hubble's original system, Allan Sandage often based the spiral types Sa-Sb-Sc on how much resolved detail showed up in high-quality photographs from Mt. Wilson or Palomar, while de Vaucouleurs, often working from material of lower quality for galaxies father away, used more global quantities such as the pitch angle of spiral arms. It's too late to stop the hybridization, just because it has proven so useful.
Sidney van den Bergh not only considered the structures of galaxies, but their distances and thus luminosities, to add additional wrinkles to the classification puzzle. Close examination of galaxies in clusters led him to suggest that perhaps the tuning fork should be a trident, with a separate tine for disk galaxies with weak, ghostly spiral structure and low rates of star formation (anemic galaxies, which could be denoted Aa, Ab, Ac by analogy with the S and SB classes in Hubble's system). This leads into a whole slew of arguments about S0 galaxies, how many kinds there are, and how many pathways for a spiral to end up that way.
More lasting has been van den Bergh's finding that there is an overall (albeit rough) correlation between the brightness and continuity of the arms and the overall luminosity of spiral galaxies. He distinguished various luminosity classes, from the most luminous (I) to least luminous (V). Despite having the name "luminosity", these classes are assigned strictly from examination of the galaxy structure (like other morphological classes). If these classes were very strongly correlated with luminosity, you could even use them as a kind of distance estimator. And up to a point, this works; its most lasting impact has been the recognition of Sc I galaxies, particularly large and luminous spirals with prominent grand-design spiral patterns, which are indeed as a class very luminous. Some familiar examples of Sc I galaxies are M100 and M101. Vera Rubin used this category in an early (and controversial) study of bulk motions in the local Universe. The luminosity classes proved useful enough that Allan Sandage incorporated them in the classifications in the Revised Shapley-Ames Catalog and the giant NASA galaxy atlas in the mid-1980s. Revisiting this identification of the prominence of spiral structure as a facet of spiral galaxies (which is independent, in principle, of whether it's Sa, Sb, barred or whatever), Debra and Bruce Elmegreen assigned arm classes to galaxies – from 1 for a galaxy with only a few disconnected bits of spiral, to 12 for galaxies with two long, dominant spiral arms.
W.W. Morgan, better known as the M in the MK classification of stellar spectra, proposed a galaxy-classification system (the Yerkes classes) which explicitly recognized the usual correlation between galaxy structures and their colors (or at least characteristic spectral lines). He considered form families – ordinary spirals S, barred spirals B, ellipticals E, other kinds of symmetric galaxies not quite sharing the brightness concentration of ellipticals D, and galaxies strongly dominated by their nucleus N. In place of a stage a,b,c… he used the equivalent stellar spectral type of most galaxies sharing a given degree of central concentration – the most concentrated galaxies, typically ellipticals, were k, the least concentrated (ratty spirals and irregulars) were type a. Finally he added a shape class, which for spirals tells us the inclination – 7 is edge-on, 1 is face-on. So a galaxy like M86, a giant elliptical in the Virgo cluster, would be kE2, while the edge-on and rather disorganized spiral NGC 4631 would be afS7 (af denoting something in between classes a and f). Despite looking a bit like stellar spectral types, here again, the types are assigned purely from the galaxy's appearance on images. The most-used pieces of the Yerkes classification have been N galaxies, for many AGN hosts where the nucleus outshines the galaxy, and cD galaxies, the largest normal galaxies (c comes from an old designation for the sharp spectral lines which indicate that a star is a supergiant). One of the best-known cD galaxies is IC 1101 at the center of the cluster Abell 2029, seen here in the SDSS:
In spirit, some of Morgan's approach has lived in in much of the recent work in quantitative classification, in which a galaxy is described straightforwardly only by various numerical parameters of its image – light concentration, characteristic brightness, shape, and so on. Sure, computers can do that very well – but is that enough?
Boris Vorontsov-Velyaminov (alias VV) used a rather iconoclastic classification scheme, based on close and extensive inspection of the prints of the Palomar Sky Survey. He noted such exotica as gamma forms (where one spiral arm appears to wind opposite the others), whether the two "handles" of an edge-on galaxy matched or not, whether a ring was broken or complete, and so on. His types are highly descriptive, but can't easily fall into continuous sequences. And with the arrival of digitized catalogs, it didn't help that he availed himself of not only the Roman alphabet, but mirror-reversed Roman letters and italics (not even getting into Cyrillic characters, oddly enough). On top of all that, his catalog listed galaxies with running numbers according to which plate of the sky survey their image was found on. For these reasons, his classification has found much less wide use than has the VV catalog of interacting galaxies, for which he did the first reasonably complete sky survey from the Palomar pictures.
All these different ways of sorting galaxies face us with a key question – what are the important features of galaxies that we ought to catalog? Some details of spiral patterns surely come, go, and change form, while the forms of ellipticals and spiral bulges are very long-lasting. Where should we draw the line? And all these classification systems are set up to work for images take in the optical window of the spectrum. What would we have come up with if we looked at galaxies in the infrared or ultraviolet, or bands even more exotic? That's one of the questions that enter into Hubble Zoo, and deserves its own discussion…
2 responses to "How shall I classify thee? Let me count the ways…"
Margarita McElroy says : February 11, 2013 at 1:01 am
Could you clarify something please?
You wrote,
"This isn't exactly right – the two sets of types are not defined in quite the same way. In polishing Hubble's original system, Allan Sandage often based the spiral types Sa-Sb-Sc on how much resolved detail showed up in high-quality photographs from Mt. Wilson or Palomar, while de Vaucouleurs, often working from material of lower quality for galaxies father away, utsed more global quantities such as the pitch angle of spiral arms. It's too late to stop the hybridization, just because it has proven so useful."
What does 'pitch angle' mean here?
billkeel says : March 6, 2013 | 2,362 |
Correspondence of Robert Dick
The correspondence in the collection consists entirely of letters to Charles William Peach about the plants and fossils of Caithness. Some comments too against Darwin<|fim_middle|>7 Accessed January 30, 2023. | 's theory of evolution. There are also obituaries, press-cuttings and letters about Robert Dick.
English.
Generally open for consultation to bona fide researchers, but please contact repository for details in advance.
Robert Dick was born in Tullibody, Clackmannanshire, in central Scotland, in January 1811. At the age of thirteen he was apprenticed to a baker, but he also read widely and began to acquire a knowledge of botany. As a journeyman baker he worked in Leith, Glasgow and Greenock and in 1830 he went to Thurso in Caithness where he began to establish himself as a baker. In Caithness, Dick also studied geology and widened his knowledge of natural history, accumulating a broad collection of British flora and even re-discovering Northern Holy-Grass (Hierochloe borealis). He corresponded with the geologist Hugh Miller (1802-1856) contributing significantly to his arguments and his research on old red sandstone. Dick became an authority on the geology and natural history of Caithness and aided the geologist Sir Roderick Impey Murchison (1792-1871) in his research. Latterly, the loss of flour in a shipwreck ruined his bakery business and Robert Dick died at the age of fifty-five on 24 December 1866.
100 letters (approx) in folder.
Gen. 863/1
Important finding aids generally are: the alphabetical Index to Manuscripts held at Edinburgh University Library, Special Collections and Archives, consisting of typed slips in sheaf binders and to which additions were made until 1987; and the Index to Accessions Since 1987.
Material acquired October 1966, Accession no. E66.38.
Dick, Robert, 1811-1866, Geologist and Botanist
Peach, Charles William, 1808-1886, Geologist
Correspondence of Robert Dick (1811-1866)
Correspondence of Robert Dick, Coll-195. University of Edinburgh Library Heritage Collections.
Correspondence of Robert Dick, Coll-195. University of Edinburgh Library Heritage Collections. http://lac-archivesspace-live1.is.ed.ac.uk:8081/repositories/2/resources/29 | 520 |
Gär Traynor – From Flight Attendant To Civil-Rights Pioneer
Gary Traynor was born in 1947 in the small town of Eugene, Oregon where he was raised by his mom and step-father.
Always knowing he was "different" Gary moved to Los Angeles where he came out as a gay man and shortened his name to 'Gär' (adding the umlaut over the 'a' every time he signed his name for some extra panache). Like many other gay men at the time he decided to become a Flight Attendant and joined United Airlines in April 1973.
AIDS Diagnosis
Gär was diagnosed with HIV in December 1982 after developing Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS), a rare type of cancer caused by a virus that affects the skin, mouth and sometimes internal organs. KS was and still is one of the signs of late stage HIV, known then as AIDS.
He immediately came under the care of the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Bowyer Clinic and Doctors Michael Gottlieb and Jermoe Groopman, who were pioneering new treatment strategies for KS and other AIDS related illnesses.
Dr Groopman contacted United on February 8, 1983 to inform them of Traynor's diagnosis. He informed them that Traynor needed weekly chemotherapy treatment but he was still capable of continuing working for the airline in his current role.
United was initially sympathetic and allowed him to continue working. But Gär was one of the earlier victims of the newly emerging illness and as more people were diagnosed and the ensuing hysteria surrounding AIDS began to grow, attitudes began to change.
Gär later described how some of his colleagues "were quite concerned about being near me," after seeing his KS lesions and learning of his diagnosis.
Lack of knowledge at the time around the transmission of AIDS and fear of catching the virus began to grow among the flight attendant community and and these fears soon reached airline management and America's crew union the Association of Flight Attendants (AFA).
Wings Clipped
United's initial reaction soon soured and on May 23, 1983 the carrier produced a "safety bulletin" on AIDS to assure workers they could not contract the disease through casual contact. Despite the reassuring bulletin the airline (and many others at the time) quickly removed Traynor and other FA's whom they knew had AIDS, and some they merely suspected, from their roles.
Speaking on 'The MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour' Traynor explained his removal from his flying duties: "A week after my diagnosis. I informed United, and if I was going to be taking chemotherapy for the cancer it may involve some schedule conflicts. That was fine, there was no problem until six months later I was called into the office at eight o'clock in the morning by one of the supervisors and told, effective immediately, that I was on a medical leave of absence. And this was their choice, not mine."
One of the crew members who the airline suspected of having AIDS was New York based Russ Manker. Makner had had no official AIDS diagnosis but had been displaying some symptoms. This was enough for United's management to<|fim_middle|> information for this article was sourced.
Plane Queer: Labor, Sexuality, and AIDS in the History of Male Flight Attendants by Phil Tiemeyer.
The AIDS epidemic of the 1980s had a devastating effect on the gay community and, as so many male crew members are/were gay, it also massively impacted the aviation community. Not only did male crew at the time lose friends and loved ones in horrific numbers, they also became the target of the growing wave of fear, scaremongering and scapegoating. This was further exasperated by the false accusation of Air Canada crew member Gaëtan Dugas being "Patient Zero" and responsible for spreading HIV across North America.
Had it not been for Gär Traynor having the strength and determination to stand up to his employer at a time when people living with AIDS were seen as a blight on society, then the discrimination faced by Flight Attendants living with AIDS may have gone on for much longer.
United Airlines Today
Thankfully today, United is nothing like the airline it was back in the 1980s. The carrier fully supports the LGBTQ community stating: "At United, we recognize, embrace and celebrate the differences that make our customers and employees unique. We're committed to creating an inclusive work environment while contributing to the diverse communities we serve."
Indeed the airline became the first US airline to fully recognise domestic partnerships and provide comprehensive fringe benefits in 1999. It partners with various LGBTQ groups such as National Gay Pilots Association and offers community outreach projects, hosting and participating in numerous events that allows the airline to support and give back to the LGBT community.
© confessionsofatrolleydolly.com by Dan Air
Posted in Angels Of The Sky, First Class, LifestyleTagged AIDS/HIV, Cabin Crew, Cabin Crew Lifestyle, Flight Attendant, Flight Attendant History, Flight Attendant Lifestyle, Gay Flight Attendant, Gay History, Gay Lifestyle, Gär Traynor, Phil Tiemeyer, Plane Queer, Robert Butler, Russ Manker, United Airlines
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Next The A-Z Of Aeroplane Jetiquette | ground him until he attended a specialist to get a diagnosis.
In July 1983, after numerous examinations and blood tests the doctor explained that Manker: "Does not, at the moment, fit the case definition for even a prodrome of the AIDS syndrome…. In the present context I could see no clear justification for denying Mr. Manker his job." Armed with this information Manker headed to United's HQ in Chicago and was allowed back to work. However, after just half a day's training the company doctors sent him home.
United Airlines Flight Attendants in the 1980s.
Bruce Hall a Chicago based FA with United was treated appallingly after reporting for work one day after being diagnosed with AIDS in January 1984. The airlines doctor allegedly told him to "Go home, stay home and don't come back….we don 't have people like you working for us."
Later that year Hall was examined by another company doctor who explained that he was still fit enough to work as crew. However, the doctor concluded that he should still remain grounded due to "communicability and hyst. concerns," 'hyst' obviously referencing the AIDS hysteria that was gripping the country.
Despite continued reassurances that Traynor was able to safely continue his onboard duties, he was contacted by his base supervisor to tell him that he would now be placed on to a permanent medical leave of absence from June 28.
A month later he received a letter from the airlines Vice President of Medical Services Dr. C.R. Harper explaining the airlines decision to remove him from his duties stating: "Although the indications are that the disease is transmitted by intimate physical contact and/or accidental inoculation with blood products, the exact method of transmission is in fact not only controversial but at this point time conjectural." He continued: "Since the bulk of the duties as a flight attendant involve food and beverage handling, it was felt in the interest of United's flying public that you not perform these duties."
A Bitter Battle
But Gär and his fellow grounded crew members were not about to take this lying down and they decided to fight their employer. Their battle also began to raise awareness of the disease as the press heard of the unfolding story, leading to much public scrutiny at a time when most people believed that AIDS was merely a gay illness.
Gär's case encountered numerous delays but instead of just sitting around doing nothing he decided to begin working with the newly emerging AIDS activists and charities. He began by joining the Los Angeles City-County AIDS Task Force, a committee of 24 that advised the city's mayor and county's board of supervisors on AIDS policies.
His enforced medical leave from the airline meant that he was able to attend the first ever national meeting of AIDS activists in Denver, Coloardo in June 1983 where, for the first time, people living with the condition were able to to offer their first-hand knowledge of AIDS, alongside doctors working in the field and gay community leaders.
AIDS activists unfurl a banner at a gay and lesbian health conference in Denver.
(Image courtesy of John Schoenwalter)
After moving to San Francisco to be with his partner, he joined the newly formed 'People With AIDS – San Francisco' (PWA-SF), who were eager to promote his case against United. The group went to the airline and demanded that he be reinstated, which United immediately rebuffed.
And so the group decided to go for more dramatic action – a citywide boycott of the airline. Key gay activists such as Harvey Milk signed up and soon Gär and his partners faces were across various local and national newspapers.
By now the Gär Traynor vs. United Airlines arbitration case was ready to be heard, led by neural arbitrator Martin Wagner and a five member judicial panel. United hired medical expert Dr. Kevin Cahill of the New York City Board of Health, who had recently published a book called 'The AIDS Epidemic'. A particular point raised in the book and pushed home by Cahill at the hearing was the opinion that there may be other ways, apart from blood and semen, that AIDS could be transmitted, including 'food preparation.' This opinion, it was hoped, would be enough to justify United's decision to ground Gär and his colleagues.
Fighting Gär's corner was the AFA who had hired medical experts Doctors John Philip Phair and David Ostrow of Northwestern University Medical School in Chicago. They argued that the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) remained adamant that transmission could only occur via blood or semen. This was backed up by testimonies from doctors and nurses, who had worked closely with AIDS patients and not contracted the virus.
Wagner and the team looked closely at health care workers diagnosed with AIDS, who were allowed to continue working in their profession. From studying these findings he later concluded: "It is the chairman's opinion that the foregoing observations and conclusions… refute a conclusion that an employee afflicted with AIDS should be removed from an attendant position on a per se basis and that, if such a conclusion is appropriate in the attendant-patient relationship in a hospital setting, it is equally valid in the flight attendant relationship to the flying public."
The tide was turning in Gär's favour and after reaching these conclusions, Wagner began to look at how Mr Traynor had been unfairly treated by United, grounded without even being looked over by a company doctor.
This lead Wagner to believe that the lack of examination was "clearly a homophobic and AIDS-phobic thing on their [United's] part," as any other medical condition would be checked by a company doctor to ensure the crew member was fit to fly. Wagner also had ample evidence from Gär's own doctors that he was, and always had been, fit to fly.
Patricia Friend of the AFA went on to say: "They [United] were convinced that, if the people who who were buying tickets knew that there were flight attendants working in the airplane who were HIV positive, that they would stay away in droves… So it was all about their image."
Winning The Battle But (Temporarily) Loosing The War
At the end of 1984 the ruling was in. Gär Traynor was awarded a full year and a half in back pay and had won his job back. He was so angry with the airline that he subsequently chose not to return.
The AFA now also had a precedent that could be cited in other AIDS related grievances. More broadly, any person with AIDS would regain the right to work.
However, United still managed to find a loophole in the ruling regarding the removal of staff members with HIV/AIDS.
In 1985 a United FA called Robert Butler was diagnosed with AIDS. He was declared healthy enough to continue working but the airline refused. A grievance was filed and a settlement was quickly negotiated. Unlike Gär who was placed on unpaid medical leave, Butler received a large financial sum and would remain on United's books, being paid as if he were still a full time crew member.
This "solution" from United continued until May 1988 when the airline finally resolved its approach to dealing with people with HIV/AIDS. FA's with the virus were now able to work for as long as their health would allow them.
The problem now was educating passengers and fellow employees, that a person with AIDS need not be treated differently to any one else. Educational materials were prepared by the airline and AFA union and it was made very clear that the company would no longer back any concerns raised by fellow employees about working alongside someone with HIV/AIDS.
A Largely Unknown Lasting Legacy
Sadly Gär Trainer did not live to see this change in policy and attitude by his employer. He passed away on March 13, 1987.
For many years Gär's only lasting legacy was his patch on the NAMES project AIDS Memorial Quilt, started in San Francisco in 1987. His battle against United to change its policies and his work with the LA Aids Task Force and PWA-SF was largely forgotten.
Gar Traynor's patch on the AIDS Memorial Quilt.
That was until the publication of the incredible book 'Plane Queer Labor, Sexuality, and AIDS in the History of Male Flight Attendants' by Phil Tiemeyer, where much of the | 1,698 |
Stephen Hawking has opined "GOD plays dice". Mathematicians see the result of throw of a dice as a probability. But, a physicist would like to analyze the problem as that of rotational dynamics considering force applied to throw the dice, location of the centre of mass, initial position of dice, and the nature of surface on which dice strikes after fall, and with these inputs he predicts or decides certainty with which result of throw of the dice. In Indian mythology Shakuni of Mahabharat perhaps knew the science of dice and that helped Duryodhan to win Chausar Game against Yudhishtir.
In real life be it any field right from universe, to biology to, social sciences to mathematics and physics every happening involves multiple inputs which are still unknown. It is easy to disowns ignorance by calling the happenings either as a destiny or an act of GOD while, aim of science is to discover the truth, the unknown relationship between various variables responsible for a happening. Scientist, verify these relationships by repetitive experiments before it is promulgated as a theory or principle. Engineers utilize these theories in various permutations and combinations to achieve desired process, action or system through inventions or improvement in existing systems. Technologists, on the other hand aim at making a process, action or system which is techno-economically viable, sustainable and reliable.
Behaviour of a system is analysed with three kinds of variables viz. a) control variables, b) disturbance variables and c) state variables. Context and the status of these state variable at a point of instance together with parameters of a system are the basic inputs. Disturbance variables are those which cause change in the state of a system and in turn influence its behaviour. Control variables are those which are used to regulate behaviour of the system in a desired manner; it virtually cancels effect of disturbance to regulate the system into a desired state. A system is nothing but a complex combination of matter and energy, which were considered exclusive till Newtonian mechanics, and Theory of relativity added a new dimension to it by propounding their convertibility. The theory<|fim_middle|> myth. An exception of this language is that it is unambiguous and precise.
Einstein could see beyond Newtonian mechanics and suggested General Theory of Relativity which revolutionized the understanding of Mathematics and Science over a wide range from dynamics of rigid bodies to dynamics of high speed particles to explain absolute velocity of light, photo-electric effect. convertibility of matter and energy, bending of light, black holes, using his analytical power, without experimental verification. Most of it has now become a living reality.
This article is a tribute to Albert Einstein, George Bool, and galaxy of scientists and mathematicians who spent sleepless nights to question what appeared to be obvious and evolved theories, new tools and approach, to discover secrets of happening around us with the help of mathematics - a language of natural consequence. If every student takes a resolve to not to stop at learning and mastering knowledge within known boundaries, and explore his imagination to discover nature and to contribute for sustainable development tirelessly, it would be a true tribute. Taking this spirit forward at SUBODH FOUNDATION endeavour is to create conceptual clarity of established knowledge and enhances power of imagination among students. The initiative is open to all, but it emphasises upon grooming competence among unprivileged students. | takes into cognizance of the state of the system to quantify relative change in it considering only velocity of light as constant. This convertibility is universal in nature the theory if relativity gave new understanding of nature, and it helped in peeing deep into universe.
Recognition of relative difference between two variables or same variable at different point of time is not new. It is an integral part of behaviour of every living being. It is seen that every child responds to different object or situations differently. This behavioural response gets manifested in language as degree absolute, relative and superlative degree. Language, a means of communication of one's own experience or understanding is subjective and, therefore, it lacks objectivity and we call it behavioural relativity. Psychologists have devised methods of quantifying the behavioural response through various expectations. But, the number of variables and their interdependencies makes behavioural study probabilistic. Scientific objectivity, and reproducibility of results makes physical science deterministic in nature.
In evolution of mathematics, relative difference between two similar that observations gave rise to concept of quantity which got manifested into numbers; and thus basic mathematical operations viz. add, subtract, multiply and divide evolved into arithmetic. Handling every set of specific observations, as it grows, became increasingly difficult. This was resolved by mathematicians into a generalized language algebra which facilitates expression of relationship between different variables. Algebraic expressions offer convenience of application to a specific set of data without loss of accuracy and reproducibility of results. On the other hand observations of shapes of matter seen in nature led to evolution of geometry. These three branches together led to evolution of Pythagoras Theorem, while relative proportion of two variables led to Ratio and Proportion. Increasing use of variables under different condition caused evolution of Theory of Indices. These evolutions came in due to natural relationship between numbers, variables and shapes.
Algebra is a popular branch of mathematics which helps mathematicians and scientists to convey their observations, in nature, into equations which are verifiable. Evolution of binomial theorem, logarithm, trigonometry, complex numbers, Pi (p) and Euler's Number (e), took at different point of time to solve different problems. Surprisingly, each of definitions is complementary to other and it is thus indicative of natural consequence of one onto another. Relation of length of side of triangle to the length of other Two sides and angle between them was evolved at a much later date both in algebra and trigonometry. But, the Pythagoras Theorem, turned out to be a natural consequence of this relationship for a right angle triangle.
This analogy is now extended to Physics, wherein invention of Simple Pendulum lead to discovery of Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM). Nevertheless, investigations into trace of a particle performing circular motion at uniform speed gave broader interpretation to SHM. Further insight into all kinds of vibrations and oscillation revealed that they all are consequence of different SHMs to give rise to theory of different kinds of waves and signal processing.
Another example of Newton's Third Law of Motion in mechanics, Le-Chatelier's Principle on dynamics of chemical reaction and Lenz's Law in electro-magnetism are example of action-reaction theory finding different manifestation in to handle problems of different field of nature. There are many such analogies to substantiate natural consequence of one theory on the other to render this space insufficient. This discussion leads to inference that subject matter of mathematics and science, particularly physics, and their development are closely interdependent.
It is pertinent to remember there are boundaries for any phenomenon within which it obeys postulates. These boundaries are a matter of further investigation of laws of nature which can be generalized to connects two different set of observations seamlessly.
Extension of the statement on composition of the system to universe has now become relevant. In mythology, different incarnations of GOD are shown with an aura around them. This can be related to observation of persons of different mental capabilities. A person with higher mental capability has much higher speed of analysis to determine consequence of an action, Accordingly, one takes decision or performs action, while, a person with mental ability not so high takes longer of time to understand the situation first, and then to respond. This relative difference is clearly visible in the form of glitter on the face or in the eyes of the person. It is akin to the aura of the person. This aura, based on meta-physical approach, can be compared to the energy generated by brain, while processing at abnormally high speed, and is in conformance with laws of convertibility of matter into energy. Accordingly, it is considered reasonable to advance an hypothesis that all mythological personalities were persons with an ability to think and act at a very high speed which was considered supernatural by normal person, and those were regarded as GOD. Miracles performed by such GOD were acts in conformance to laws of nature but these laws were unknown to the common man.
Getting back to understanding of Mathematics it is the fabric of all scientific discoveries. While inventions are engineering of these discoveries for making the life comfortable, thereby tending to become un-natural. Advent of technology is to conquer the nature in a manner which is sustainable, and reliable. Nowadays, there are mathematical model of all biological phenomenon which have made possible medical investigations and bio-technological inventions. Greatest, argument on the conformance of mathematical consequence is metrological prediction about depletion of ice cap, rise in sea level and numerous biological inventions. Bio-scientists and cosmologists are using mathematical model to correlate observations and determine beginning of life in this universe. Latest discovery of Higgs Boson particle is a step in forward direction. Imperfection in these predictions and inventions signifies gray areas in understanding of mathematical relationship of variables to interpret natural phenomenon. Accuracy in quantifying these variables would only help in predicting the consequences with certainty. If at any point mathematics violates natural consequence, it would call for review of all the knowledge of mathematics, need of which, as of yet, has not been felt.
Newtonian mechanics is based on observations in immediate surroundings. Sir Isaac Newton when found the contemporary knowledge of mathematics deficient in explaining rate of change or summative changes he used his observations to find the interdependencies and invented Calculus; it is a natural consequence of infinitesimal change and found an extensive application in analysis. At this stage it is relevant to invite readers to question the obvious - how can mathematics be a language? And they would find an answer that - mathematics has its own vocabulary, punctuations and grammar, a language of solving problems; and not a problem, a commonly prevalent | 1,319 |
Nature & nurture
Psychologists testing Hollywood star Bonzo in 1951 – Californian Occidental College
Courtesy Wikimedia Commons
Many of our major economic, political and social theories include either explicit or implicit assumptions about human nature. For example, are we greedy, selfish, and individualistic or are we generous, caring, altruistic and cooperative? If we are a mix of these things then how do we make a scientific assessment of how such characteristics arise in us, how they exist together, their relative influence, and how they are to be managed?
Society at large is still debating empirical questions like: are we inherently violent; is gender a social construct; are there racial differences that run deeper than skin colour; if our genetics does play a significant role in our behaviour then to what extent are we accountable for our behaviour and how should this be assessed, for example, in a court of law; are there biological circumstances in which punishment is senseless and futile; to what extent can we draw valid conclusions about human behaviour and morality from the behaviour of chimpanzees and bonobos; what is the strength of our various behavioural predispositions and, if we had a scientific answer to this question, then how would this relate to society and its governance, both collectively and individually?
Questions like these have been difficult to answer because our knowledge of how the mind works, and how genetics influences our behaviour, have been imprecise at best, allowing for a wide range of scientifically untested claims to be presented as truths.
This is a topic on which opinion within the academic community has changed dramatically over the last few decades as a consequence of scientific research. In the 1960s many viewed the mind as a blank slate (tabula rasa) on which was written the combined influence of all our experiences, most notable was the psychological school of behaviourism which ignored the mind (too complicated) and simply studied behaviour in isolation. In the social sciences social constructionism ignored any biological considerations in the conduct of society and culture. There was obvious appeal because of the optimistic impression that there are no biological impediments to the resolution of problems concerning gender, race, or class and that socially manifested violence, prejudice, and greed could be managed without looking beyond society with virtually unlimited social progress a possibility. But this was a denial of human nature and the subject of behavioural genetics, which gathered momentum in the 1970s, demonstrated conclusively that it was simply not possible to ignore genetic factors influencing human behaviour.
Science has struggled to unweave the intricate interaction that exists between environment and organism (see Nature & nurture). However, the many assumptions and unfounded claims about human nature are at last being subjected to scientific reason (see Reason & science) through research emerging out of evolutionary psychology, moral psychology (see Moral psychology), behavioural genetics, cognitive science and other disciplines of the mind, many only established only in the last 20 years or so, all working (intentionally or not) to bring 'human nature' into focus. The relatively new field of evolutionary psychology has urged us to think of the way our behaviour was moulded in our environment of evolutionary adaptation (EEA). This is most obvious through our predilection for foods that would once have been in high demand but which, when readily available, have given rise to the current obesity epidemic – sugars and fatty foods.
Knowing the (scientific) truth about ourselves is unlikely to unleash a Utopia but it should at least clear away many of the prejudices and misconceptions of the past as we build a better understanding of what exactly we are up against.
The tentacles of the unresolved organism-environment problem reach into (at least) philosophy, biology, genetics, linguistics, cognitive science, religion (humans are inherently sinful) moral psychology, and historical studies of human nature. Commentators prior to the 1960s, no matter how observant or insightful, had little scientific evidence on which to base their conclusions.
This article looks at some of the assertions about human nature (as something fixed) that have clouded or influenced thinking in various academic disciplines and how, within a generation or two, we could see a scientific resolution to this historical lack of scientific knowledge.
The nature vs nurture debate
Studies on human nature often include a kind of biological accounting. What are the sources of all our various biological characteristics? To what extent are our physical features or behaviour derived from 'inside' ourselves and to what extent are they imposed from 'without'. Is a particular kind of behaviour innate (genetically determined) or learned (the result of environmental influences). If this sounds academic and esoteric then it shouldn't. The answers to these inside/outside, organism/environment, innate/learned questions have major implications for criminology, race relations, eugenics, gender issues, morality, and indeed the whole business of human governance.
The nature vs nurture debate comes to us in many guises and subtle variations. At the individual scale we might characterise the discussion more clearly as the organism/environment debate because this makes the underlying problem more transparent. Collectively it poses questions concerning the relationship between genetic and cultural evolution.
Semantic riddles and logic
First and foremost it should be noted that questions framed in the form nature vs nurture, innate vs learned, nature vs culture imply an either/or relationship. The reader is immediately persuaded that there are two opposing elements that are mutually exclusive when this may not in fact be the case. This way of framing an important problem is undoubtedly a major source of unnecessary confusion but it does not explain all the difficulties that are encountered.
The organism-environment continuum
We tend to think of an organism as a discrete individual: it has a bounding surface and we can inspect all its internal parts seeing how they contribute to the functioning of the integrated whole. We can compare the organism to a watch which exists as a discrete self-sufficient item in the world. However, while a watch exists passively within its environment, an organism is in constant interaction with it because the environment provides its food and its means of reproduction and survival. As a matter of fact this is not a casual or incidental relationship but one of total dependence: an organism cannot exist without its supporting environment. Although, for convenience, we make a distinction between the organism and its environment, in operational terms the two are inseparable. The lesson from natural selection is that the more an organism is aware of and/or responsive to its environment, the more successful it will be.
So, though we speak of 'the organism and its environment' and although we need to make scientific assessments of relative genetic and environmental influences, we must always remember that in operational terms the two are inextricably intertwined. This is like the way we need both the length and width of a rectangle to work out its area. Perhaps a more apt analogy would be Einstein's conflation of 'space' and 'time' into a single entity, the 'space-time' continuum. Perhaps we should persuade ourselves to think of the 'organism-environment continuum' as this is what provides the context for evolution.
Adaptive selection is an emergent biological property that does not occur in physics and for life to persist we need the physical parameters that permit adaptive selection to take place. This means not only factors like energy-harnessing metabolism, a bounded body, and replication but an information flow from the environment into the organism that produces a change in structure or behaviour – a record of the environment in the inner structure. Change the environment and you likely change the organism: the selection criteria of adaptive selection (based on organism-environment interaction) then create order and design.
Physics & biology
The biological discussion of heritability proceeds on the assumption of constraining physics. Biological structure and form are constrained by physical factors of scale as well as genetic factors. There are about 22 orders of magnitude difference between the mass of the smallest insect and largest tree. The largest animals occur in water because here they are weightless while on land gravity has a scaling effect as mass increases. If 1 m3 constitutes 1 unit of mass (1x1x1) then 2m3 has a unit mass of 8 (2x2x2). With increase in size supporting legs and bones must get larger relative to the body. Small size results in increasing speed and agility and great capacity to jump, lift and fly. Falling does not threaten life. Comparing a falling grape and water melon we observe the latter has a smaller relative surface area and greater mass and kinetic energy resulting in shattering when dropped from a height. There is an important scaling law associated with energy use: as animals get bigger they live longer, move slower, have slower heart beat and are generally metabolically slower.
What does 'innate' mean?
There is no consensus on what the word innate means since it carries many connotations: as present at birth; a product of the genes; strongly determined and difficult to change; biologically adaptive; typical (universal) within a species.
In the popular imagination it can imply a certain lack of choice or fatalism. The idea of being a product of<|fim_middle|> on intelligence, personality and behaviour
• Adult siblings are equally correlated whether raised together or apart
• Adoptive siblings are no more similar than two people of the same culture chosen at random
• Identical twins are no more similar than would be anticipated from their shared genes
• Except in extreme circumstances shared siblings home experience in the same culture has little influence on them as adults.
Parents clearly have an effect on specific skills and general happiness but they do not appear to determine their children's tastes, intellects and personalities in the long run.<sup[7] This suggests an unrealistic belief of many in the strong influence of home life and the value of family psychotherapy, parental micromanagement, even delinquency. There is also the implication that birth order and only child (often considered critical) have few effects outside the home. Child-rearing practices like home-mothering, single or multiple carers, and same-sex carers have little lasting effect.
In fact it has emerged that much of the variance in personality, intelligence and behaviour does not come from either genes or the family environment. One source is possibly the socialization of peer groups. Identical twins in the same home, though very similar, can be readily distinguished, their correlation being 0.5. Peer group does not explain this difference since they are largely the same leading us to 'sheer chance'. 'Both popular and scientific explanations of behaviour, accustomed to invoking genes, parents, and society, seldom acknowledge the enormous role that unpredictable factors must play in the development of an individual'.[8]
The broad findings from studies like these are not widely known. In general terms such studies indicate a strong heritability of traits. For example, it has been found that there is a low heritability index for our specific language, religion, and the political party we prefer, while language proficiency, intensity of religious belief, and how liberal or conservative we are has a higher heritability index.
More than 212 twin studies measuring the heritability of intelligence concluded that 85 percent of identical twins raised together, and 74 percent of identical twins raised apart, had the same IQ compared with much lower percentages for siblings raised together (45 percent) and apart (24 percent) implying that genes are predominant determinants of intelligence.[3]
One major counterintuitive finding from heritability studies is the influence of family environment on the personality development of children, which is relatively minor (except in cases of severe neglect and abuse). Environmental influences outside the family, such as school and friends, are often more important. However such conclusions always need very careful scrutiny as what constitutes 'environment' may have more to do with genes than first appears as people select environments that suit their genetic makeup.[4]
Of particular interest is the implication from research that identical twins raised under near identical environmental conditions still display difference. It is as though we have three determinants, genes, environment, and chance. The latter cannot be ignored and may be substantial such as twins that are gay or straight, schizophrenic or normal. Obesity studies by Tim Spector of Kings College London hav eshown that in identical twins under some conditions genes can be turned on in one twin but not the other, that is, certain genes can be turned on by life circumstances, epigenetically, such that identical twins display different traits – in this case obesity.
With the advent of genome sequencing, it has been possible to search for and identify specific gene polymorphisms that affect traits such as IQ and personality.
Our improved knowledge of genetics can inform the way we treat disease.
One day-to-day source of confusion and uncertainty relates to public health and epidemiology. What exactly is the link between smoking and cancer, or cholesterol and cancer – different findings seem to emerge in the news on an almost daily basis in an apparent competition to gain public attention? What are the modifiable causes and effects relating to, say, smoking, drinking, obesity, exercise, and diet? More specifically, what is the scientific basis and authority on which public health authorities can base their recommendations?
Methods of answering such questions are becoming more precise. For example, the 'Mendelian randomization test' checks for or assesses a causal effect based on observational data in the presence of complicating factors, and will likely prove more popular as our knowledge of health and disease incorporates findings from genome-wide association studies and genome sequencing. Causes are addressed without taking on the usual biases that plague traditional epidemiological methodology.
Controversy is especially vigorous concerning the mind and its 'inside' and 'outside' influences. Knowing that we process all our sensory input within our brains we have all probably wrestled with what exactly we mean by the words 'subjective' and 'objective' in particular circumstances. Though we can appreciate that subjectivity entails a personal perspective on things, perhaps our own particular feelings, beliefs or desires concerning a particular issue, while objectivity refers to something that is true regardless of an individual's particular situation, something true independent of the mind. But it is not difficult to get confused.
Rationalism & empiricism
The 'inside-outside' debate in relation to the mind came to a head when, in the 18th century, philosophers discussing how we gain knowledge and what constitutes the proper technique for verifying what we think we know (epistemology) divided into two schools of thought, the Rationalists and Empiricists. Empiricists claimed that all ideas come to us from experience (a posteriori) (a priori). So in general terms, and at the risk of simplification (there are many subtleties of course), the rationalists maintained that knowledge is gained independently of sense experience, it is simply part of our innate rational nature. Experiences can trigger a process that allows this knowledge to come into our consciousness, but the experiences don't provide us with the knowledge itself. In this school were philosophers like Plato, Aristotle and Descartes. In contrast the Empiricist position as expressed by philosopher John Locke, for example, viewed the mind as a 'blank slate' on which our experiences were written.
It was the philosopher Immanuel Kant who, through his postulation of 'categories' (or innate ideas) broke the impasse between these two inside/outside, organism/environment schools of thought. Philosophers might disagree but today this one-time deep philosophical dilemma has become an empirical question with a relatively simple answer. Our minds are not blank slates, they have an innate way of structuring our sense-experience and this determines the way we perceive the world: it is called cognitive mapping.(see Reason & science)
Our thinking still ebbs and flows in our attitude to the degree of inside/outside influences on the brain. At its extreme there is the philosophical position called solipsism, the claim that we can only be sure of the existence of our own mind, we must be unsure of anything outside our own minds because the external world and other minds cannot be known, and therefore might not exist outside the mind. Though this may constitute a rationally coherent position it is not difficult to understand why biological scientists, or any other scientists for that matter, might find it difficult to swallow since their work is based on the assumption of an external world and an acknowledgement of an organism-environment continuum.
Contemporary philosophical concerns of phenomenology and postmodernism focus internally on the 'prison' of consciousness, treating our subjective states as some form of ultimate experience, emphasising internal introspection and the individual. There does seem a tendency for today's philosophy to ignore the fact that we are grounded in what lies outside our minds.(see Reason & science)
How can we affirm the external world? Well, possibly a major (evolutionary) reason why we enjoy sport is because it engages both the body and mind in a vigorous and challenging interplay with objects in the external world: it is a close engagement with space and time just as hunting would once have been.
Until recently it was assumed that to be considered innate a behavioural trait must be both hard-wired and universal or, in other words, it must be unchangeable by experience and found in all cultures.
Since the 1970s our improved understanding of the brain has demonstrated that traits can be innate without being either hard-wired or universal. However, the claim that something is innate or genetically predetermined has been the source of much moral and intellectual controversy.
The interplay between what we are at birth and the impacts of the environment into which we are born are difficult to conceptualise.
To aid our conceptualisation of this relationship between the inner 'given' workings of the mind and the various influences that can cause it to change, moral psychologist Jonathan Haidt quotes neuroscientist Gary Marcus who characterises innateness in the mind as follows: 'it is like a book, the first draft of which is written by the genes during foetal development. No chapters are complete at birth, and some are just rough outlines waiting to be filled in. But not a single chapter-be it the one on sexuality, language, food preferences, or morality-consists of blank pages on which a society can inscribe any conceivable set of words.'[1] 'Nature provides a first draft, which experience then revises.' For Haidt 'innate' means 'organized in advance of experience.'
Evolutionary psychology and moral psychology are currently exploring both the strength of our predispositions for certain kinds of behaviour and the reasons for their existence.
Morality is deeply concerned with the origins of our moral behaviour. Is it imposed from without as by divine decree, or does it come from within, a product of our evolutionary history, some special moral sense or our moral intuitions? If morality is derived from within us then how is it related to the external world so that our behaviour can be modified in a way that permits us to flourish? Is reason the biological mediator between our inner world and the external world, the mechanism that allows us to self-correct and adapt?
In terms of the inner forces there is always the question of the extent to which morality is an evolutionary phenomenon under genetic control?
In his book The Bonobo and the Atheist primatologist Frans de Waal argues that human morality, which is generally perceived as being derived from 'outside' or 'above' as a set of God-given rules, instead comes from 'within' us. His thesis is in part a response to the contention that without God there would be no morality (do we really behave morally only from a fear of divine disapproval or retribution?). De Waal points out that moral behavior did not begin and end with religious precepts but is a product of biological evolution. Morality, he says, pre-dates religion and can be seen in the compassion, empathy and other moral behaviour exhibited by primates: this is the biological foundation of secular humanistic ethics. Rather than developing morality from scratch through rational reflection 'we received a huge push in the rear from our background as social animals'.
The case for there being some biological basis to human morality is compelling. However, though De Waal's seems optimistic about the idea of morally inherited behaviour this would appear a double-edged sword. Empathy is fine but not everyone would derive comfort from the biological origins of our morality as it would appear to be our biologically-based behaviour that often needs to be be reined in.
Scientifically it is moral psychology that is putting our moral intuitions under the microscope to determine the extent to which our morality is derived from 'inside' as innate behaviours, emotions and predispositions that we have acquired from our evolutionary past, and from the 'outside' as religious doctrine, social laws, duties, norms and conventions … not to mention the role of reason in all this.
Learning language
The study of linguistics provides a straightforward example of work done in one particular discipline over the last few decades that has resolved a nature-nurture problem. We now know that while individual languages like English and Chinese have clearly been learned in a cultural context (it has been demonstrated that any children capable of learning a language can learn any language with equal facility) it is only the innate structures of the brain that allow language to be learned at all – this innate predisposition to learn spoken languages is obviously not present in other animals, so it is an innate human predisposition. Findings like this are simple to set down in a few sentences but they require hours of painstaking research. As indicated at the head of this article we still have a long way to go but answers can be found through an empirical path when once that path was perceived as inevitably metaphysical.
Language & cognition
To what extent does language control our cognition? Is thought impossible in the absence of language? Do our native languages have a profound influence on the way we think? Most cognitive scientists believe language is simply tool of cognition, playing no major role in thought itself. Do mental rehearsals of behaviour result in images that influence our dual reasoning system?
Sex differences
There is a big difference between, on the one hand, the moral claim that people should not be discriminated against based on sex and, on the other hand, the biological claim that the sexes exhibit both real and substantial physical and psychological biological differences as occurs in other primates. Few jobs require either a penis or a vagina: all the other jobs should be open to both sexes.[10]
Gaussian bell-curves express variance in characteristics and for many characteristics the male and female curves overlap. So for example for the physical characteristic of human height, at height 5'10" there are 30 men to each woman, and at 6' there are 2000 men to each woman. Sex differences in cognition are not so marked but they are nevertheless there. Intelligence is similar in both sexes.
1. Men are more likely to chase status than family
2. Women desire to work with people rather than things (maths, sciences)
3. Men accept more risk
4. 3-dimensional manipulation is far greater in men
5. Men are better at maths but more variable in ability
Nature and nurture are not involved as alternatives here: they are both involved. Many sex differences are universals. Men are more concerned with aggression and competition, rough and tumble, there are different toy preferences, and cooperation is more a female attribute. Stereotypes do not cause differences. Assumptions about height in jockeys and basket-ball players are based on reality. Tails may be expressed more emphatically in males too – more prodigies and more idiots.
Commentary & sustainability analysis
Nature and nurture are not either/or, they are not alternatives. An analogy might be the way we must think of both length and breadth to make a rectangle with the length and breadth are variables. So innate mechanisms are those that facilitate the operation of nurture – like the circuits needed for learning or language to work at all. Nature is what makes nurture possible. The particular language we speak is entirely a matter of culture while the capacity to acquire language at all is innate. Genetics does not mean that behaviour is fixed but is based on competing behavioural predispositions modified by particular circumstances.
Because of the moral and political implications associated with the debate over nature and nurture it can be tempting to avoid the issue altogether as an inextricable tangle of factors, simply 'some of each'. However, certain obvious cases challenge this view so, for example, we are clearly genetically predisposed to learn to speak a language but the particular language we speak is a consequence of our culture/environment. Autism and schizophrenia were until relatively recently frequently associated with the home environment and the behaviour of mothers or subjection of children to constant double-binds, a situation that could be treated with some form of family or group therapy. We now know that both conditions are highly heritable.[9]
We are drawn to the view that behaviour must be genetically determined in a rigid and direct way like eye colour – that there is a violence gene that locks us inexorably into a certain path of behaviour. If this behaviour is geneticaly inevitable then we cannot be held responsible. But political and moral questions are decided on general political and moral principles regardless of genetic make-up. Equality under the law does not mean that everybody must be genetically identical.
A better way of characterising the situation is to regard behaviours as stronger or weaker predispositions or propensities and as such these predispositions can be influenced by many environmental factors like education, the circumstances of the moment, psychotherapy, changes in social attitudes and so on. Though these predispositions can therefore be 'managed' that does not mean that we can manipulate the environment to engineer whatever outcome we desire, instead 'the genes specify what kinds of environmental manipulations will have what kinds of effects and with what costs'(p. 220). So, for example, our predisposition is to sympathise with those close to us in an expanding circle, family, tribe, town, race but by cultivating empathy it is possible to be more expansive in outlook.
The nature vs nurture debate is important because its implications run much deeper than basic biology, in fact penetrating deeply into other disciplines. Each organism has a set of unique genetic traits: that is why human beings have human babies and not kittens. It is the interaction between this gentic foundation and the environment that produces the organism. Nature makes the effects of nurture possible.
Almost any argument about human behaviour can be backed up with the claim 'after all, it is human nature'. Until recently the scientific basis for judgments abiout human behaviour was very slim and shaky. With little scientific evidence claims could be made either on the one hand that certain behaviour was genetically determined and therefore inevitable or, on the other hand, that the same behaviour was infinitely malleable by social and environmental factors. At long last science is beginning to resolve issues about our human nature that have plagued us since the dawn of time.
Throughout history scholars have made judgements about our human nature without the benefit of empirical evidence. So economists might claim that we are naturally greedy and motivated entirely by self-interest, a religious person might believe that our prevailing human characteristic is that we are born flawed and sinful, others might claim that the human race has a predisposition to be altruistic, automatically showing empathy for our fellow creatures. Because so much history has been the story of warfare perhaps there are grounds to believe that we are inherently violent and that violence is therefore likely to break out at any time.
Up until a few decades ago the scientific orthodxy maintained that almost all human behaviour and our personalities could be explained in terms of (determined by) environmental influences but this view has now been modified as as the field of behavioural genetics[5] has blossomed and behaviour is more accurately represented as the interaction of genes and environment.
For ease of communication we will probably continue to speak of genetic and environmental influences since each can clearly be weighted in relation to the other but we must remember that that totally isolating genes (nature) from environment (nurture) mistakenly ignores the fact that there is always an inseparable interplay between the two and of course this is always a matter of degree.
In an important sense we can regard culture as an extension to biological adaptation since it is a potentially adaptive immediate response to changing and unpredictable environments.
Science is now unravelling exactly what it is we mean by 'human nature' and this has a major bearing on how we will manage planet earth in the future. This article might shed a little light on how this problem plays out in different ways while acknowledging that there are few simple answers. The path from gene to behaviour is complex. Natural predispositions can be expressed to a greater or lesser extent in different individuals and to a greater or lesser extent at different times, and they can be variously affected by social factors.
The problem of nature and nurture draws attention to our tendency to make unfounded assumptions about human nature. Such assumptions have become embedded not only in biology but also literature, economics, philosophy and other disciplines
The consequences of our conclusions about nature and nurture have implications for criminology, race relations, eugenics, gender issues, morality and much more
An organism is both intricately intertwined with and ultimately totally dependant on its environment so to causally separate the two is at best confusing. It helps to acknowledge this fact by trying to ignore their separation and thinking of the 'organism-environment continuum'
[1] Guy Marcus cited in Haidt 2012
[2] see Dawkins 1982. Genes may influence the kind of environment that is adopted by an organism through the organism's genetically-determined behaviour. In other words phenotypic variation (due to underlying heritable genetic variation) is a fundamental prerequisite for evolution by natural selection.
[3] Devlin et al. 1997
[4] Cherkas et al, 2000
[5] For an overview of the field of behavioural genetics and its recent findings see: http://www.cell.com/AJHG/abstract/S0002-9297%2807%2964216-5
[6] Pinker, p. 223
[10] Pinker, segment of debate with Elizabeth Spelke youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_mYeZ9by-eM
Cherkas, L., F. Hochberg, A.J. MacGregor, H. Snieder, and T.D. Spector. 2000. Happy families: A twin study of humor. Twin Research 3:17-22
Dawkins, R. 1982. The Extended Phenotype: The Long Reach of the Gene. Oxford University Press: Oxford
De Waal, F. 2013. The Bonobo and the Atheist: In Search of Humanism Among the Primates. W.W. Norton: New York
Devlin, B., M. Daniels, and K. Roeder. 1997. The heritability of IQ. Nature 388: 468-471
Haidt, J. 2012. The Righteous Mind: Why Good People Are Divided by Politics and Religion. Vintage: New York
Pinker, S. 2013. Language, Cognition, and Human Nature: Selected Articles. Oxford University Press: Oxford
Science & morality
Moral psychology | our genes is incoherent but there is the tendency of innateness to imply a greater or lesser propensity towards certain outcomes – whether something specific like eye colour or general like a form of behaviour. It may be best to abandon such an idea as no trait is determined solely by genes and no trait is unaffected by the environment and misunderstandings seem to be many. Perhaps explanations of what is meant are better than the use of such a word.
In the 1960s ethologists emphasised the way behaviour can emerge independently of experience: that a bird raised in isolation still has the characteristic birdsong of its species and so on. There were a host of instinctive behaviours related to mating, nesting, and much more. By the 1990s some researches were claiming that the simple notions of innate vs acquired was oversimplistic and that structures, functions and behaviours that characterise a species are not locked inexorably in the genes but arise in the course of development. A more contemporary view would be that behaviour arises from the complex interaction of contexts, information coded in DNA, internal physiology, and interaction with the environment.
Today more than ever before there is keen academic competition to provide scientific clarity on what exactly influences and controls our behaviour. At one extreme there are those that focus on innate genetic determinants and at the other are those who emphasise the influence of learned or social factors so that we now have a plethora of psychological disciplines arranged along the nature vs nurture dimension, each laying claim to high status in the 'explanation of human behaviour' stakes. Behavioural genetics, behavioural psychology, social psychology and so on. Though many of these studies are still in their infancy they are nevertheless providing us with greater insight into human nature.
… at the genes end of the spectrum:
If you think that our genetic constitution is vastly overrated then ponder for a moment the fact that you are a human being and not a dog or chicken. Uncontroversially the reason why you are indeed human is a consequence of genetics, even though we may like to add a mild qualifier to this assertion. Scientifically it was only around 1900 with the rediscovery of the work of Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) that it became evident the germ cells contain sufficient information to generate an entire organism through development. Scientific study, notably that of August Weismann (1834-1914) also suggested that information flows from the genome to the organism, not vice-versa.
Universal human traits (evolutionary psychology), individual behavioural differences (behavioural psychology), the subconscious (psychoanalysis and analytic psychology), universal moral traits and reason (moral psychology)
… at the culture end of the spectrum
Emphasis here is on the cumulative effects of social learning. Social facts that assist environmental adaptation and which are passed from generation to generation and therefore 'inherited' like social 'genes' have been called memes (Richard Dawkins). The old environmental evolutionary pressures of the natural world that shaped our bodies and minds have now been replaced by human-created artificial environments (niche construction), changing the kind of selective pressures that we are currently exposed to. For example keeping cattle has resulted in the trait of lactase persistence – maintaining into adulthood the ability to digest milk in a process which is called gene-culture co-evolution. Social influences on individual and group thoughts, feelings and behaviours are the domain of social psychology.
Genotype and phenotype
At the most basic level a humans give birth to humans, not cats, and this is a consequence of genetics.
In more direct biological terms a distinction is made between the genotype and the phenotype, the genotype being the inherited instructions (genetic code) of an organism while the phenotype is the actual expression of that organism's genes – the product of the interaction between the genotype and the environment remembering that most genes are regulators, how and when they are switched on and expressed depends on environmental triggers.[2]
Scientifically this particular distinction is extremely valuable because it allows us to make some assessment of the relative contribution of genetics and environment in particular outcomes. For example, it may be noticed that a particular species of plant growing at the foot of a mountain grows to about knee-height but at the top of the mountain it seems dwarfed, creeping along the ground. By growing seed of the two plants under similar conditions it is possible to tell whether the dwarf plant habit is due to the plant's genetic constitution or the different climatic conditions of the two sites.
But we must stay mentally alert about this situation because we now know from the organism-environment continuum that this plant example is useful but it is a short-hand explanation that is not strictly accurate. The phenotypic characteristics of organisms can only lie within the range of what the genotype allows, they are not, as it were, 'purely' environmental (arising independently of the organism itself) and this is where our mental picture of what is going on can go awry.
Heritability index
Scientific experiments can be devised to differentiate the relative contribution of phenotype and genotype in the manifestation of particular behavioural traits and these can then be expressed in terms of high to low heritability.
Individual human difference
Twin and adoption studies
Perhaps the most challenging questions of the nature-nurture debate relate to the relative importance of genes and environment in the determination of differences in cognitive ability (intelligence, general performance) and personality (happy, 'criminal', cooperative, aggressive). The prevailing belief is that such factors are strongly influenced by parenting, role models, and education. Early studies frequently made assessments based on child-parent correlation without any consideration of genetic relatedness at all.[6]
Studies in behavioural genetics have addressed these questions through the rigorous analysis of twins, both identical twins (who share all their genes) and fraternal twins (who share half their genes) along with adoptees (who do not share their genes but can share environments) and biological siblings (who share their environment and only half their variable genes). In this way most of the gene-environment combinations can be investigated in detail – specifically, identical twins reared apart (shared genes but not environment) and reared together (both shared genes and shared environment), and in the same way fraternal twins raised together and apart and adopted siblings (who can share their environment but not their genes).(p. 223) The results, listed briefly here, are not what many people expect:
• Identical twins raised apart are highly similar
• Identical twins raised together are more similar than fraternal twins who share their environment but only half their variable genes
• Biological siblings raised together are more similar than adoptive siblings
There are traits that are not heritable at all – like the specific language spoken, religion believed or political party adhered to – while language proficiency, or religious and political; intensity are partly heritable.
Environment (shared & unique) – nurture vs nurture
For humans there are two categories of environmental influence: on the one hand there is the shared environment of parents, home life, and neighbourhood and then there is the unique environment that is experienced by a particular person but not their siblings.
Perhaps one of the most surprising findings of behavioural genetics is that:
• shared environments have little effect | 1,474 |
I have arrived late to some of my favorite shows ever … we didn't have HBO until Season Two of The Wire, I resisted Buffy until Season Three, latched onto Battlestar Galactica just before the second season started by enjoying a self-made marathon. So I won't apologize for missing the entire first season of Friday Night Lights, the critically acclaimed but ratings-challenged drama, until the last week, when I watched all 2<|fim_middle|> style fits them both like a glove … Chandler in particular is so on target, it's almost scary, and Britton is, if anything, even better. This is, quite simply, one of the greatest couples television has ever offered. Along with Aimee Teegarden as their daughter, these actors and the people who put them through their paces have created a family that is … I don't want to say "realistic" again, but damn, it's so accurate. Not to dis the rest of the cast … as in much great drama, the characters are multi-dimensional (another reason it squeezes past the clichés), and the actors are up to the challenges. Sometimes you get a complex character but the actor can't carry it, so the character just seems randomly inconsistent. But combine good actors with complexly-scripted characters, and you have depth.
All of the above is true for Season One, and as is usual when I come late to a show, I'm kicking myself now for passing on it before. Much of the Season Two premiere follows the pattern set by its predecessor. However, there is one plot twist that would barely pass muster in a Grade-D syndicated melodrama, and it's a flaw serious enough to make me worry about the show's direction. Alan Sepinwall has some interesting things to say about this (I largely agree with his take), and since he's an actual critic instead of just some guy with a blog, he's gone and interviewed the show's executive producer. That person, Jason Katims, says we need to trust them to take the show in a direction that will make sense for all of us. Sepinwall wants to be convinced … so far, he's not, and he's seen a coupla more episodes than the rest of us. So my advice would be to hunt down Season One … don't jump into the show with Season Two … and hopefully, by the time you're ready for Season Two, Katims will be proven right.
Grade for Season One: A
Grade for Season Two premiere: A- for most of the episode, D- for the crap | 2 first-season episodes so I could climb on board for Season Two.
Everything people had said about the first season of Friday Night Lights was true. Not only is it not "just" about football, football isn't really the primary focus of the show. I mean, Buffy wouldn't have existed without the Vampire Slayer part, so on one level, it was "about" vampires, but what it was really about was adolescence and, later, early adulthood, trust and community and friendship, heroic behavior, and a lot of other things. On Friday Night Lights, the main characters are connected to high-school football (the small town in which it takes place is obsessed with the local team, so it would be hard to have many characters who weren't connected in some way to high-school football). But the central theme of the show … well, it's too good to reduce it to one theme. It's a high-school show that works because the characters are realistically written and acted. It's a family show because the adults are an integral part of what happens, and because they too are realistically written and acted. It's a show about small-town American life that is realistically written (I guess my point is made).
The style of the show deserves special attention. It's filmed in a "documentary" style, which some of the actors have noted allows them to construct characters that are more than dialogue … every move they make is covered by one of the cameras for later use in the editing room, so a nervous finger or hidden glance can be surprisingly important. Combined with the writing and acting (did I mention they were "realistic"?), this style results in a show that has the best features of cinéma vérité, with the added advantage of a good script and real actors.
This means Friday Night Lights can deal with the clichés of standard television drama and get away with it, because they happen in such a matter-of-fact fashion that you don't realize you've seen it before until it's already impressed you. Which is to say, you haven't really seen it before, not done like this.
No discussion of Friday Night Lights would be complete without a mention of the "Coach/Mrs. Coach" tandem of Kyle Chandler and Connie Britton. There is some terrific acting going on in this show, including the teen characters, but these two are the cream of a very fine crop. The naturalistic | 487 |
The female heart throb in this film is named Anna, and if her life and fate remind you of another literary tragic figure, then so be it.
Despite these serpentine concatenations, and the dark nature of much of the content, (a visit to post-war Hiroshima is included), I left the movie feeling cheered and pleased.
Later, I reflected on what it was about the film and myself that precipitated this pleasant outcome. I delighted in watching McKellen take on this role with the gusto, delicacy, and skill that he did. A real treat. A relief from his playing the arch villain in the X Men series, where he shuttles from one invulnerable stance to another (anger, pride, contempt, etc.). The range he shows in this film… compassionate caring, gleeful appreciation, senile stupor, ecstasy .. along with hard, superior stances .. evoked my admiration and appreciation for the way he excels at what he does.
Then there<|fim_middle|>, that is a good thing. And finally, the film movingly dealt with the Western male conundrum examined by Tolstoy and Freud among others: how much value should a man place on love and connection vs. reason and achievement? The lesson drawn from "Mr. Holmes" is that one can keep deepening the heart-head interaction as long as both continue to function. Encouragement and support that I welcome.
The fictional Mr. Holmes of this film, and the real Ian McKellen who has by all accounts had a loving relationship with his fellow-actor Derek Jacobi for many decades, are examples of the deep satisfactions that may spring from love, reason, and achievement all being present in a man's life. | is a boy of ten or so in the movie .. not physically cute or attractive in any standard kind of way. A light shines thru him nonetheless – the light of an alive, engaged intellect and a boundless curiosity. It doesn't take Holmes long to bond with him. To see a movie where a mentoring, loving relationship between an old man and someone much younger than him is celebrated… moved me.
Many scenes were filmed depicting the natural beauty of the white cliffs of Dover, and the grassy lea surrounding Holmes' stone and wood retirement cottage. Indeed, ensconced by that natural beauty in a memorable scene, we witness McKellen/Holmes give himself over, body and soul, to a rush of spiritual ecstasy.
The scene reminded me both of the many wonderful hours I have spent on the cliffs and coasts of Marin and Sonoma counties, and of a more recent experience. Standing under my kitchen skylight as the morning light streamed in, my voice rose, as did the rest of me, and I sang an ancient Hebrew prayer of thanksgiving.
When an old man can feel grateful | 223 |
Tepalcates is a station on the Line A of the Mexico City Metro. It is located in the Iztapalapa municipality, to the east of downtown Mexico City. In 2019, the station had an average ridership of 19,326<|fim_middle|> station through two pedestrian bridges. Due to the design of the station, it has an island platform where passengers can take trains in both eastbound and westbound directions.
Ridership
Exits
North: Calzada Ignacio Zaragoza and General Esteban Baca Calderón street, Colonia Juan Escutia
South: Calzada Ignacio Zaragoza and Avenida Telecomunicaciones, Unidad Habitacional Tepalcates
Station layout
Gallery
References
External links
Mexico City Metro stations in Iztapalapa
Mexico City Metro Line A stations
Railway stations opened in 1991
1991 establishments in Mexico
Accessible Mexico City Metro stations | passengers per day.
Name and pictogram
The station takes its name from the nearby estate Unidad Habitacional Tepalcates. The name has its roots in the Nahuatl word "teplacatl" used to refer to any pot or vessel made out of clay or mud. The pictogram depicts the side view of a pre-Hispanic pottery bowl of the types made in Puebla and Tlaxcala.
General information
The station was opened on 12 August 1991 along the other nine stations of Line A.
Metro Tepalcates connects with the bus rapid transit stop of the same name of the Mexico City Metrobús Line 2; this stop is the eastern terminus of Line 2.
As every Line A station, except for Pantitlán, it is an at grade station in the median of Calzada Ignacio Zaragoza with the entrances on both sides of the road connecting to the | 196 |
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A enjoyable coaching course match for a ninja warrior! | Ivation. Good for maintaining the whole household in form and entertained, our competitors package consists of 45 ft of slackline webbing, three nylon rope monkey fists, two monkey bar holds and two gymnastics rings with texturized grips. Merely droop the road between any two timber or outside posts by way of the offered metal ratchet and threads, and put together for hours of adventurous swinging and hanging. Simply customise your course by shifting the 7 obstacles alongside 12 built-in placement pockets, adjusting for distance and sequence. The package even comes with a bonus storage sack for handy portability. Whether or not you are a tiny thrill-seeker or a critical | 138 |
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This gorgeously produced book features intimate, never-before-published portraits of a young and undiscovered Kate Moss, taken in the early 1990s by her then-boyfriend, Italian photographer Mario Sorrenti. Seen by Calvin Klein, the photographs gave life to the famous Obsession campaign, which launched Moss to international superstardom. Sumptuously reproduced in tritone and presented in a cloth-covered clamshell box, Kate is a stunning photographic portfolio of one of contemporary culture's most iconic figures. It includes tipped-on images on the book and clamshell box's covers, plus an introductory essay by Sorrenti, which puts the work in its uniquely personal context. This book, which celebrates the dawn of two legendary careers, and the start of the highly influential aesthetic of 1990s fashion photography, is a must-have for Kate Moss's fans, for fashion devotees, and for lovers of traditional portraiture and fashion photography.
Mario Sorrenti is an Italian photographer and director. He has published his work extensively in fashion magazines, including Vogue, i-D, W Magazine and Harper's Bazaar, and has had exhibitions in London, Paris, Monaco, and New York. He shot for brands including Calvin Klein, Dior, Lancôme, Paco Rabanne, and Benetton, among others.
Size: 30 x 31 cm, 120 pages (50 images)
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You are here: Home > News & Events > News > Texas Radio Hall of Fame…
Texas<|fim_middle|> that effort," he said. "Let us seek out Radio's future hall of famers, serving by example and offering counsel and training when appropriate." | Radio Hall of Fame Celebrates 20 Years with 22 New Inductees
- At Home with the Texas Broadcast Museum, aka "The Palace"
The Texas Radio Hall of Fame celebrated its 20th Anniversary Nov. 5 with the induction of 22 Radio broadcasters hailing from stations across the state as hundreds of admirers, colleagues, and other friends joined them at the Texas Broadcast Museum in Kilgore to celebrate their achievements.
Relishing the cool, crisp air and clear, blue sky after torrential downpours and multiple tornadoes swept through East Texas the night before, Hall of Fame Executive Director Doug Harris worked the room and tamed the crowd as folks seemed more eager to recall fond memories with friends than to step onstage for applause.
With just a little urging, though, the honorees took turns following rousing video tributes showcasing their career highlights to honor mentors and share insights gleaned from lifetimes making Radio magic and changing lives of untold numbers of listeners.
2022 Texas Radio Hall of Fame Inductees
Chuck Conrad, owner/operator of KZQX/KDOK Tyler Longview and founder of the Texas Broadcast Museum, played host as guests marveled at the exhibits of classic production gear – much of it still operating – that brought Texans the sights and sounds of some of the state's most important events of the 20th Century.
From the "Lee Harvey Oswald" camera present at his assassination and the restored 1949 Dumont Telecruiser, to a fully functional TV news studio and one of Thomas Edison's recording inventions, the museum – dubbed "The Palace" by Harris – houses an astonishingly expansive collection of Texas broadcast memorabilia and vintage – even antique – studio equipment.
Hall of Fame on a Roll
The organization has been celebrating its 20th anniversary all year, launching a month-long salute last February to the pioneers of Black Radio in Texas.
Airing on KTSU-FM Houston and voiced by "Famers" Johnny Goyen and Da Madd Hatta, the series of audio vignettes spotlighted ground-breaking and barrier-breaking Black broadcasters.
In the spring, TRHOF launched its inaugural scholarship program, awarding eight $1,000 scholarships to students pursuing degree plans related to broadcasting or broadcast journalism.
Harris issued an open invitation to Radio veterans to join them in ensuring the quality and integrity of broadcast communications for generations to come.
"If Radio is to be redefined, then let us be a part of | 515 |
M=4.5 earthquake highlights Hawaii's tectonic past, present, and future
Posted on March 24, 2017 May 2, 2017 by Temblor
By David Jacobson, Temblor
See earthquakes in Hawaii
While most people think of volcanoes when they think of Hawaii, the volcanism is closely tied to tectonic activity, which has helped shape the Hawaiian Archipelago. (Photo from: wpengine.netdna-cdn.com)
Yesterday afternoon, a M=4.5 earthquake along the Hilina fault system shook the Big Island of Hawaii, underneath Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. The quake registered moderate shaking near the epicenter, and was felt as far away as the capital city of Hilo, 50 km away. While most people think of volcanoes when they think of Hawaii, the state has experienced large earthquakes, and seen their devastating impacts. Additionally, the volcanism and tectonism are closely linked. Because of this, we thought we'd highlight Hawaiian tectonics.
This Temblor map shows the location of yesterday's M=4.5 earthquake. This map also illustrates how seismically active the Big Island is.
The Hawaiian Islands are the product of what geologists call a "hot spot." This is where a rising column of magma reaches the earth's surface, resulting in volcanic eruptions. They are often used to explain volcanism not associated with plate boundaries. As a tectonic plate moves over a hot spot, new islands can be created. For the Hawaiian Archipelago, this has resulted in a chain of 132 islands, seamounts, reefs, atolls, shallow banks, and shoals over a distance of 3,000 kilometers. However, many people only know about the eight main islands that make up the state.
Successive eruptions over the Hawaiian hot spot has resulted in the formation of 132 islands, seamounts, reefs, atolls, shallow banks, and shoals. Today people marvel at the active flows. (Photo from: Pinterest)
Hawaii experiences both small and large earthquakes. The majority of smaller quakes are associated with magma as it moves beneath the surface. Many of these<|fim_middle|> not only volcanism but earthquakes as well have helped shape the Hawaiian Islands. Therefore, the thousands of earthquakes that occur yearly in Hawaii, will hopefully no longer be a surprise.
Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
Kuo-Fong Ma, Hiroo Kanamori, and Kenji Satake, Mechanism of the 1975 Kalapana, Hawaii, earthquake inferred from tsunami data, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 104, No. B6, Pages 13,153-13,167, June 10, 1999.
What's happening this week in Humboldt County, California: The squeeze - February 6, 2019
Finding of the unexpected tsunami due to the strike-slip fault at central Sulawesi, Indonesia on 28 September 2018, from the preliminary field survey at Palu - October 15, 2018
California bill (AB 2681) to create a public inventory of collapse-risk buildings is awaiting Gov. Brown's signature - September 7, 2018 | are too small to be felt, and can only be picked up by seismometers. These are often referred to as "volcanic earthquakes."
However, the larger earthquakes are not directly caused by the flow of magma. As the Hawaiian Islands formed through successive eruptions, the amount of rock at the surface has steadily increased, meaning the weight of the islands is immense. In turn, the region as a whole has subsided, resulting in the formation of normal faults. It is normal faults like this that caused the November 29, 1975 M=7.2 Kalapana earthquake, which is the largest instrumentally recorded earthquake in Hawaii's history. It should be noted that a M=7.9 earthquake occurred in 1868, though this magnitude is inferred based on felt area.
The weight of newly formed rock has caused the Hawaiian Archipelago to subside, resulting in the formation of normal faults. These faults have caused large earthquakes in the past, including a M=7.2 in 1975. (Photo from: http://1photo1day.com)
Effects from these larger magnitude earthquakes have been significant. Tsunamis up to 15 m high have been generated, shaking has collapsed structures, and people have lost their lives. Therefore, it is not just volcanic eruptions that Hawaiians have to worry about. In addition to locally-sourced hazards, Hawaii can also be affected by distal earthquakes. In 1960, the M=9.5 Valdivia, Chile earthquake over 10,000 km away, generated a tsunami which devastated Hilo and killed 61 people.
This Temblor map shows the tsunami inundation zone around much of Hawaii's Big Island. Tsunamis have been generated by both local and distal earthquakes. In 1960, the M=9.5 Valdivia, Chile earthquake generated a tsunami which devastated Hilo and killed 61 people.
What all of this shows is that | 418 |
The liver is an important organ to a dog as it is to humans. If the dog's liver is not healthy, the chances of having a healthy and long life<|fim_middle|> vet will advise what route to take here. Different breeds and size of dogs may require specific dietary needs. This is the key to helping the liver to rebuild lost tissue. It is a long-term fix but one that can be achieved and need not be terminal.
As always the same old rule applies, "junk in, junk out", I am referring to dog food here. The key here is to educate yourself about all aspects of your best friends well being. Read the dog food labels and make informed choices. It's not always the most expensive food that is the best. You do not need to buy expensive food, just buy quality food and start from day 1 with your new puppy. There is tons of literature out there to empower yourself with. Once you know, you can make informed decisions about dog food and life. | are certainly under threat. The liver is a multi-function organ. Conversion of nutrients is done by the liver. The liver stores vitamins and minerals. The liver removes toxins from the dog's blood. Dogs liver disease can lead to inflammation. If this is not treated your dog could develop scars on his liver which will reduce the number of healthy dogs liver tissue. Less liver tissue means a partial loss of functionality. Other diseases within the dog's body can also lead to dogs liver disorders.
Signs of this type of dog ailments can sometimes be misleading. Dog health symptoms are common amongst many different dog ailments. You need to get a professional opinion if you suspect dogs liver disease. Rather safe than sorry. The following are some of the signs of a dog with liver disease.
Your dog is looking run down, no lust for life and listless.
Your dog energy levels are low.
As you can see dog health symptoms are not very specific. Your pup could well have worms if losing weight. Check his poop for signs of worms in this case. You need to observe your dog's condition as a whole when trying to diagnose dogs liver disease.
There are many contributing factors to possible dogs liver disorders. Some you can prevent. Some you just have to accept. The age of your dog can play a role in liver health. Once your dog has reached his 10 human year birthday, he may be more prone to liver conditions. Remember your dog is 70 years old in his years. Like us humans, by the time you are 70, your liver has taken quite a beating. We all age, dogs and humans alike. The best we can do is try and provide the best possible nutrition. Try and avoid unnecessary toxins or chemicals.
Again the bloodlines play a role in this dog ailment. Some breeds are just more prone to dogs liver disease than others. Breeds such as certain Terriers and Cocker Spaniels show a greater likelihood of developing liver issues.
Professional advice is required if your dogs liver is diseased. It is not all doom and gloom though. The liver is a pretty amazing organ and will regenerate under the right conditions. A major contributor here is the pups diet. Your | 445 |
Kohler, one of the oldest and largest private companies in the United States, was founded in 1873 when the son of an Austrian immigrant, John Michael Kohler purchased a steel and cast-iron foundry in Sheboygan, Wisconsin to produce tools for the local farms as well as various ornamental objects.
A breakthrough came in 1883 when John Michael applied enamel to a cast iron horse trough to create the company's first bathtub. The company has been primarily in the plumbing business ever since, known for plumbing fixtures.
Now over a century later, the company is still controlled by direct descendants of the founder, running the whole business from the historic headquarters in Kohler, Wisconsin.
Attitudes of creativity, bravery and looking "outside the box" have greatly influenced the Kohler company culture resulting in the Kohler Company today not only being a world leader in kitchen & bathroom fittings, but is also and above all a hugely diversified company.
Thanks<|fim_middle|> and Lombardini's diesel engine knowledge. A versatile, robust and reliable engine range that has found uses in many types of industrial machinery being designed from scratch to meet current and future emissions legislation efficiently and cost effectively.
Mermaid's development team identified the KDI range early on as being the ideal base for a smaller range of commercial rated engines to give the best performance and reliability in its sector – a decision that has proved to be inspired!
Registered Office: Power Torque Engineering Ltd, Herald Way, Coventry, CV3 2RQ. Registered in England. Company Number 217422. VAT number 272517361.
The Mermaid Marine team are on hand to answer any questions you may have. Please choose an option below. | to an exceptional commitment in design and product innovation the company has grown exponentially in four business areas: Kitchen & Bath Group, Interiors Group, Hospitality & Real Estate Group and Power Group.
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\section*{Significance Statement}
\section{Introduction}
Molecular motors are essential for living systems. They convert chemical energy to mechanical work driving motion and transport in biological systems.
While linear motors such as kinesin and myosin are fueled by ATP, bacterial flagellar motor (BFM) couples ion (e.g., $H^+$ and $Na^+$) translocations across cytoplasmic membrane to the rotation of flagellar filaments which propel the bacterial motion (tumbling or swimming) \cite{HBerg1973,Larsen1974,Hirota1981,HBerg2003}. A fundamental question is whether there are thermodynamic bounds to the power generation and energy efficiency for these highly non-equilibrium molecular engines \cite{Parmeggiani1999,Parrondo2002,Astumian2010}. A related and perhaps more important question is what are the microscopic properties (design features) that would allow a molecular motor to approach these bounds under realistic constraints. Here, we try to address these general questions and test the findings in the specific case of BFM, which is believed to be highly efficient.
We first describe briefly what is known about the bacterial flagellar motor (see \cite{Minamino2014} for a recent review). The rotor of this nanoscale rotary engine contains a ring of $\sim26$ FliG proteins (see \cite{Lee2016} for an alternative view of $34$ FliGs in the rotor), which serve as the track of the engine and interact with multiple torque-generating stator units that are anchored to the cell wall. In \emph{E. coli}, each stator unit is composed of four copies of MotA and two copies of MotB, forming two transmembrane proton channels \cite{Asai1997,Blair1990,Sato2000,Kojima2004,Yorimitsu2004,Chun1988,Roujeinikova2008}. Ion translocations through the channels cause conformational changes of the stator proteins which generate torque on the rotor to drive its rotation \cite{Block1984,Blair1988}. The ion flow is powered by the ion motive force (IMF), which is the free energy difference of an ion across the cell membrane. IMF depends on the transmembrane voltage and the ion concentration difference across the cytoplasmic membrane. For \emph{E. coli}, the responsible ion is proton, and the driving force is the proton motive force (PMF).
The mechanical properties of the flagellar motor, characterized by its torque-speed relationship, have been measured experimentally under various conditions (e.g., different PMF, temperature, number of stators) \cite{Manson1980,Khan1983,Lowe1987,Chen2000}. For \emph{E. coli}, the torque-speed dependence for a BFM in the counterclockwise (CCW) rotational state has a concave down shape, with a plateau of high torque at low speeds and a rapid drop of torque at high speeds. On the other hand, the torque-speed curve for the clockwise (CW) motor is almost linear \cite{Yuan2010}. Based on specific choices of the stator-rotor interaction and the energy transduction process, several models have been developed to explain the observed torque-speed relationship for the BFM \cite{Lauger1988,Berry1993,Xing2006,Mora2009,Meacci2009,Van2009,Meacci2011,Boschert2015,Mandadapu2015}.
Our understanding of the thermodynamics and energetics of BFM remains limited. Some experiments suggested that BFM is tightly coupled, meaning that a fixed number of ions pass through the motor per revolution \cite{Meister1987,Nakamura2010}. It was argued that since at high loads the motor moves slowly and thus operates near equilibrium with the thermal bath, the efficiency should be close to one \cite{Meister1989}. However, recent experiments by Lo \emph{et al.} \cite{Lo2013} found that the maximum torque generated near stall is approximately equivalent to the energy provided by only $37\pm2$ ions per revolution, which is smaller than the previous estimate of $52$ ions, given $26$ FliG in the rotor and two ions per FliG step \cite{Sowa2005,Francis1992,Thomas2006}.
For modeling molecular motors, the Brownian ratchet models have long attracted physicists' attention since Richard Feynman popularized it a half century ago~\cite{Feynman1966,Parrondo1998,Astumian2010,Peliti2012}. Among all variants of the ratchet models (see \cite{Parrondo2002} for a review), only the isothermal chemical ratchets~\cite{Julicher1997} are relevant for biological motors. The efficiency of isothermal ratchets can reach $100\%$ under ideal conditions near equilibrium when the speed goes to zero (stall)~\cite{Parmeggiani1999}. However, the power output vanishes at this ideally efficient point, which motivates researchers to study efficiency at maximum power~\cite{Seifert2008,Esposito2009}. Another serious shortcoming of the idealized models is that realistic biological motors are under constraints on the motor-track interaction potential as well as the reversibility of the underlying chemical transitions, which can have significant effects on motoor performance. In fact, it was already realized in~\cite{Parmeggiani1999} that instead of being $100\%$ the efficiency actually {\it vanishes} at stall if spontaneous stepping transitions are included, which leaves the maximum efficiency under biological constraints an open question.
In this paper, we address the general question on how realistic microscopic properties of the motor, such as the shape of the motor-track interaction potential, the degree of irreversibility in mechanochemical transitions, and the gating (control) of the stepping transitions affect the motor performance (efficiency, power, and maximum torque (force) generation).
We do so by developing a minimal stochastic motor model where both energy-assisted and spontaneous stepping transitions are included. The motor dynamics are determined by two intrinsic mechano-chemical functions: 1) the interaction potential of the power generating motor molecules (kinesin, myosin, or MotAB) and their counterpart track molecules (microtubule, actin, or FliG), 2) the stepping rate function that depends on the relative motor-track coordinate. Together, these two microscopic functions constitute the ``design" space of molecular motors.
We study general thermodynamic properties of molecular engines by exploring this motor design space, where a specific motor such as BFM corresponds to one particular region. Our approach not only allows us to gain important insights on the specific molecular mechanisms for the observed properties (e.g., the torque-speed relationship for BFM). More importantly, exploring the motor design space reveals fundamental thermodynamic bounds for all realistic molecular engines and general design principles to approach these bounds.
\section{A minimal model framework for molecular motors}
The approach and terminology for the minimal motor model are based on previous modeling work on BFM \cite{Xing2006,Meacci2009}, but the general formalism can be applied to other motor systems.
As illustrated in Fig.\,1, the interaction between stator and rotor drives the rotation of the rotor from a high potential energy position towards its equilibrium position (with the lowest potential energy). The passage of an ion enhances a stator conformational change (stepping), which brings the motor to a new stator-rotor potential where the motor is again in a high potential energy state. The newly gained potential energy continues to drive the (physical) rotation of the rotor.
This continuous process drives the system towards a sequence of new equilibrium positions and gives rise to a directed stepwise rotation \cite{Sowa2005}.
\subsection{The Fokker-Planck equation}
For a processive motor like BFM with a high duty ratio, the motor dynamics can be described by two stochastic processes: 1) the physical motion (rotation), which can be viewed as a particle sliding along an energy potential $V(\theta)$ with thermal fluctuations; 2) the chemical transitions (``stepping"), which correspond to hoping between neighboring energy potentials shifted by half a period $\theta_0$. For BFM, the stator-rotor interaction potential $V(\theta)$ has a periodicity $2\theta_0\equiv2\pi/26$, where $\theta\equiv \theta_R-\theta_S$ is the relative angle between the stator angle $\theta_S$ (``chemical" coordinate) and the rotor angle $\theta_R$ (``physical" coordinate). For a linear motor like kinesin, $V$ represents the kinesin-microtubule interaction potential with a period of $\sim 8nm$ \cite{Svoboda1993}.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.5\textwidth,trim={1.5cm 5.5cm 0.5cm 7.5cm},clip]{Fig1_PRE_v2.pdf}
\caption{Illustration of the minimal motor model. (A) The motor is described by its motion (red arrows) in physical space (angle $\theta$) along the interaction potential $V(\theta)$. The gray box highlights the forward and backward stepping transitions, represented by the solid and dotted green arrows respectively, between two adjacent potentials (black and blue lines) shifted by half a period $\theta_0$. A V-shaped potential is shown with its minimum at $(1+\varepsilon)\theta_0$ and depth $V_d$. An energy barrier $V_B(\theta)$ is added to prevent back flow. (B) There are two types of chemical transitions highlighted in the gray box in (A): the PMF-coupled transitions (red arrowed lines) and the spontaneous transitions (gray arrowed lines). Detailed balance is broken in the reaction loop which leads to a dissipative reaction cycle. Forward and backward reactions between state-1 to state-2 are represented by solid and dotted lines, respectively. (C) The chemical transitions shown in the chemical conformation space. The ratio between the total forward rate ($k_+$) and the total backward rate ($k_-$) depends on the energy gap $E_g$, which is the difference between the effective driving energy $G_0$ and potential gain $\Delta V(\theta)$.}
\end{figure}
Following~\cite{Xing2006}, we study the probability distribution function $P(\theta,t)$ for $\theta$ by using the Fokker-Planck (FP) equation :
\begin{equation}
\frac{\partial P}{\partial t}=\frac{\partial}{\partial\theta}[-\omega P+k_B T\xi^{-1} \frac{\partial P}{\partial\theta}]+\Delta j_s(\theta)
\label{FPE}
\end{equation}
with $\omega$ the angular speed, $\xi$ the viscous drag coefficient, and $k_BT$ the thermal energy set to $1$ hereafter. In subcellular environments, motor dynamics is over-damped and the motor speed ($\omega$) is proportional to torque: $\omega=\tau/\xi=(-V'(\theta)+\tau_{ext})/\xi$, where $\tau_{ext}$ is an external torque applied in the opposite direction of the motor rotation, $\xi$ is the viscous drag coefficient (load).
The first term on the right hand side of Eq. (\ref{FPE}) is the probability flux due to continuous physical motion. The second term $\Delta j_s(\theta)$ is the net flux due to stepping:
\begin{equation}
\Delta j_s(\theta)=\begin{cases} j_+(\theta+\theta_0)-j_-(\theta),& 0\le\theta\le \theta_0,\\ j_-(\theta-\theta_0)-j_+ (\theta),& \theta_0<\theta\le 2\theta_0, \end{cases}
\label{ss}
\end{equation}
where the forward and backward stepping fluxes are given by $j_{\pm}(\theta)=k_{\pm}(\theta)P(\theta)$ with $k_{+}(\theta)$ the forward rate of leaving from $\theta$ to $(\theta-\theta_0)$ and $k_-(\theta-\theta_0)$ the rate of jumping back to $\theta$ from $(\theta-\theta_0)$. For simplicity, we assume $k_{+}(0<\theta<\theta_0)=0$ and $k_-(2\theta_0>\theta>\theta_0)=0$. See Sec. A and Fig.\,7 in the Appendix for details of the model derivation.
\subsection{Irreversible chemical cycle and loose coupling}
There are two distinct pathways for chemical transitions (Fig. \,1B). For the PMF-coupled transitions, the forward transition is boosted by the PMF energy $E_0$ ($E_0$ is the ATP hydrolysis energy for linear motors), and the backward transitions regain the energy by pumping a proton out (or synthesizing ATP). The transition rates satisfy the thermodynamic constraint:
$
k_{+,i}(\theta)=e^{-\Delta V+E_0} k_{-,i}(\theta-\theta_0)
$ where $\Delta V\equiv V(\theta-\theta_0)-V(\theta)$ is the potential energy change (gain) for a forward step. There are also spontaneous transitions that are decoupled from the energy source, their rates satisfy:
$
k_{+,s}(\theta)=e^{-\Delta V} k_{-,s}(\theta-\theta_0)
$. In the presence of both types of transitions, we have $\frac{k_{+,i}\times k_{-,s}}{k_{+,s}\times k_{-,i}}=e^{E_0}\ne 1,$ which indicates that detailed balance is broken between the chemical states (with the same physical coordinate $\theta$). Therefore, some of the PMF energy is dissipated by the irreversible chemical reaction cycle (see Fig.\,1B) without driving any physical motion. This loss of energy prevents the system from being $100\%$ efficient.
The relative strength of the two types of stepping transitions can be characterized by a reversibility parameter $\kappa$:
$k_{-,i}=\kappa k_{-}, \;\; k_{-,s}=(1-\kappa)k_{-}.$ The ideal case of $\kappa=1$ corresponds to the perfectly tight-coupling scenario where every forward step transition is powered by the cheminal energy and every back step transition regains the chemical energy (pump out $H^+$ or synthesize ATP). However, most realistic molecular motors are loosely coupled (not perfectly tight-coupled) with $0<\kappa<1$. For example, both myosin and kinesin have a net ATP hydrolysis rate at stall \cite{Bowater1988, Carter2005} and some backward steps can even cost energy \cite{Lipowsky2007}. A loose coupling mechanism is also proposed recently for BFM \cite{Boschert2015}. One of the goals of our study is to search for design principles to enhance motor performance under the realistic constraint of only partially reversible $\kappa<1$.
Combining the two types of stepping transitions, the total transition rates $k_{\pm}(=k_{\pm,i}+k_{\pm,s})$ satisfy:
\begin{equation}
\frac{k_{+}(\theta)}{k_{-}(\theta-\theta_0)}=\exp[-\Delta V(\theta)+G_{0}]\equiv \exp(E_g),
\label{db1}
\end{equation}
where
$G_{0}\equiv\ln(1-\kappa+\kappa e^{E_0})$ is the effective driving energy. Except for cases with extremely small $\kappa$ (we use $\kappa=0.5$ in this paper unless otherwise stated), we have $G_0 \approx E_0+\ln(\kappa)\approx E_0$ when $-\ln\kappa\ll E_0$.
As shown in Fig.\,1C, An energy ``gap" $E_g\equiv G_{0}-\Delta V$ is defined to characterize the difference (gap) between the effective driving energy $G_0$ and the potential energy gain $\Delta V$. From Eq. (\ref{db1}), a positive energy gap ($E_g>0$) suppresses the back steps, which is crucial for enhancing motor efficiency as we show later in the paper. As defined, $E_g$ is $\theta$-dependent. Here, we use it to denote the energy gap at where $k_+$ is the highest.
\subsection{Approach and general model behaviors}
Eqs. (\ref{FPE}-\ref{db1}) completely define a minimal thermodynamically consistent model for molecular motors, including linear motors like myosin, where the coordinate $\theta$ would represent the relative positional difference between myosin and actin. The steady state distribution $P_s(\theta)$ is determined by solving the steady state FP equation:
\begin{equation}
\xi^{-1}\frac{d}{d \theta}[V'(\theta)P_s(\theta)]+\xi^{-1}\frac{d^2 P_s(\theta)}{d \theta^2}+\Delta j_s(\theta)=0,
\label{ss}
\end{equation}
with periodic condition $P_s(\theta)=P_s(\theta+2\theta_0)$ and normalization $\int_0^{2\theta_0}P_s(\theta)d\theta=1$. The intrinsic properties of the motor are characterized by two functions: the interaction potential functions $V(\theta)$ and stepping rate function $k_{+}(\theta)$ ($k_-(\theta)$ is given by Eq. (\ref{db1})). The external load is determined by $\xi$.
For<|fim_middle|> \tau_{max}\theta_0/G_0\approx 6.4/6.5^2\times 0.71 = 0.11$, which is in the same range but lower than the value $0.16$ obtained from our model at the corresponding load (marked by a star in Fig.\,3B). The reason for this quantitative difference may be that the model result depends on the detailed shape of $V(\theta)$, which is not tuned in this study. Additionally, $\sigma_{\omega}$ may be an underestimate of the instantaneous speed fluctuation due to the experimental averaging process. Future experiments with high temporal resolution are needed to measure dynamics of the instantaneous speed fluctuation and to compare it directly with our model prediction in order to understand the microscopic origin of speed fluctuation and energy dissipation.
\subsection{Performance limits in loosely coupled motors ($\kappa<1$) }
The motor's power output is given by $\dot{W}=\bar{\omega}\bar{\tau}=\theta_0 (J_+-J_-)\bar{\tau}$. To determine the motor efficiency, we need to know the net free energy cost. Since only the proton-assisted transitions $k_{\pm,i}$ are coupled with energy consumption and regeneration, the average net energy consumption rate is:
$\Delta G(\kappa) = E_0(J_{+,i}-J_{-,i})\approx E_0(J_{+}-\kappa J_{-}),$
where we have neglected the much smaller spontaneous forward flux $J_{+,s}=(1-\kappa)e^{-G_{0}}J_{+}\ll J_{+}$.
The motor efficiency can then be defined accordingly:
\begin{equation}
\Lambda(\kappa)=\frac{\dot{W}}{\Delta G (\kappa)}=\frac{\bar{\tau}\theta_0}{E_0} \frac{J_+-J_-}{J_+-\kappa J_-}.
\label{eff1}
\end{equation}
\subsubsection{Maximum efficiency occurs at a finite speed with a positive energy gap}
We have computed both the power output ($\dot{W}$) and efficiency ($\Lambda(\kappa)$) in our model for different choices of interaction potential $V(\theta)$ characterized by $E_g$ (equivalently $\tau_+$ or $V_d$).
As expected, $\dot{W}=\bar{\tau}\times\bar{\omega}$ reaches its maximum value $\dot{W}_m$ at a finite load (or a finite speed) and a positive energy gap $E_g>0$. Surprisingly, however, for a loosely coupled motor with $\kappa<1$, the efficiency $\Lambda$ shows a similar behavior with its maximum at a finite load (or finite speed) as shown in Fig.\,4B.
The efficiency-speed dependence is further studied for different values of $\kappa$. As shown in Fig.\,4C, for high speeds (or low loads) $\Lambda$ is independent of $\kappa$ and decreases with speed. A strong dependence on $\kappa$ occurs at low speeds (high loads). For {\it any} value of $\kappa < 1$, instead of reaching its maximum at zero speed, the efficiency vanishes linearly with speed. Only in the singular case of $\kappa=1$, does $\Lambda$ reach its maximum value at zero speed. In any loose-coupling motors ($\kappa<1$), the efficiency $\Lambda$ reaches its maximum at a finite speed. This is a much more ``useful" maximum efficiency as the power output can also be high unlike the case of the purely reversible motor with $\kappa=1$ where the maximum efficiency occurs at zero power.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.45\textwidth]{Fig4_PRE_v2.pdf}
\caption{Power and efficiency of the motor. The dependence of (A) power, and (B) efficiency (for $\kappa=0.5$) on energy gap $E_g$ and load $\xi$. Both power and efficiency peak at an intermediate load and $E_g$ , labeled by the blue dot (for power) and the black star (for efficiency). The red arrow indicates the $E_g/E_0\approx 0.29$ estimated from experiments \cite{Lo2013}, which is close to the optimal $E_g/E_0$ ratios for maximum power (blue dot) and maximum efficiency (black star). (C) Efficiency $\Lambda$ versus normalized speed for different values of $\kappa$. $\Lambda$ vanishes at $\bar{\omega}=0$ for all values of $\kappa<1$. (D) The efficiency of the motor working at maximum power (blue line) is comparable to the (global) maximum efficiency $\Lambda^*$ (black line), with their ratio (red line) $\sim 80\%$ for a wide range of $E_0$. }
\end{figure}
To determine whether the motor can operate in a regime with both high efficiency and high power, we computed the efficiency at the maximum power, $\Lambda(\dot{W}=\dot{W}_m)$, and the global maximum efficiency $\Lambda^*$ in our model for different $E_0$ (Note that we explore the whole range of load and power output instead of just focusing on the efficiency at the maximum power \cite{Peliti2012}). As shown in Fig.\,4D, the ratio, $\Lambda(\dot{W}_m)/\Lambda^*$, is as high as about $80\%$ for a wide range of $E_0$. This means that the rotary motor can {\it simultaneously} achieve both high efficiency and high power output, which is evident from the closeness of the peak positions for $\dot{W}$ and $\Lambda$ shown in Fig.\,4A\&B. Indeed, the value of $E_g/E_0\approx 0.29$ estimated from experimental data \cite{Lo2013}, marked by the red arrowed line in Fig.\,4A\&B, is close to the optimal $E_g/E_0$ ratios for maximum power (blue dot) and maximum efficiency (black star).
Both power and efficiency depend non-monotonically on the energy gap $E_g$, as shown in Fig.\,4A\&B. On one hand, a large energy gap can suppress backward steps since $k_-(\theta)=k_+(\theta+\theta_0)e^{-E_g}$. On the other hand, since the system gains a potential energy $\Delta V\equiv V(\theta)-V(\theta-\theta_0)=G_0-E_g$, which converts to mechanical work during the subsequent power stroke, a larger $E_g$ means a smaller work performed by the forward steps. This tradeoff leads to the non-monotonic dependence on $E_g$ and an optimal motor performance (power and efficiency) at a positive finite $E_g$.
We have determined the maximum efficiency $\Lambda^*$ at different $E_0$ for different $\kappa$ and $\varepsilon$ numerically.
Remarkably, as shown in Fig.\,5A, the maximum efficiency $\Lambda^*$, though less than $1$, can reach a high value even when most of the back steps are spontaneous, i.e., when $\kappa$ is small (e.g., $0.1$). In fact, $\Lambda^*$ can approach $1$ as $E_0\rightarrow\infty$ and the difference $(1-\Lambda^*)$ is found to scale with $E_0$ as $\ln(E_0)/E_0$ (to the leading order) for $E_0\gg 1$ :
\begin{equation}
1-\Lambda^*=C_e(\kappa,\varepsilon)\times \frac{\ln (E_0)}{E_0}+h.o.t.,
\label{scale}
\end{equation}
where $C_e$ is a prefactor that only depends on $\kappa$ and $\varepsilon$. Note that energy is expressed in unit of $k_BT$, and $E_0$ should be understood as $E_0/k_B T$ in the above expression.
Intuitively, the optimal efficiency $\Lambda^*$ is reached by balancing two opposing effects of $E_g$ as mentioned before.
A naive design of $V(\theta)$ would be to have a large positive torque $\tau_+$ given by the driving energy and the step size, $\tau_+=G_0/\theta_0$. However, this naive design would lead to $E_g=0$ and thus a high value of $k_-$, which lowers the motor efficiency when $\kappa<1$. Given that $k_-/k_+=e^{-E_g}$ depends exponentially on $E_g$ (Eq. (\ref{db1})), the maximum efficiency shown in Fig.\,5A is achieved with the choice of a small but positive energy gap $E_g^*$ that depends (roughly) logarithmically on $E_0$ as shown in Fig.\,5B, which is the origin of the logarithmic dependence in Eq. (\ref{scale}). The prefactor $C_e$ in Eq. (\ref{scale}) is an order $1$ constant and decreases weakly with $\kappa$ for $\kappa\le 0.95$ as shown in Fig.\,5C. It decreases sharply only near $\kappa=1$, but remains finite even at $\kappa=1$ due to the limit on $\tau_{m}$ discussed before. $C_e$ goes to zero only at the doubly unrealistic case of having both $\varepsilon=1$ and $\kappa=1$.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.5\textwidth]{Fig5_PRE_v2.pdf}
\caption{Maximum efficiency and optimal design of the motor. (A) The scaling relationship, $1-\Lambda^*\sim \ln(E_0)/E_0$, holds for different values of $\varepsilon$ and $\kappa<1$. (B) The optimal energy gap $E*_g$ for achieving the maximum efficiency shown in (A). (C) The prefactor $C_e$ in the scaling relation, Eq. (\ref{scale}), decreases with increasing $\kappa$ for different values of $\varepsilon$. (D) $1-\Lambda^*$ versus $\ln(E_0)/E_0$ for randomly chosen motor designs. Each point corresponds to a random stepping rate profile (see Appendix B for details) with $\varepsilon=0.5$ and $\kappa=0.5$. All points lie above the envelop line of $1-\Lambda^*\sim\ln(E_0)/E_0$.}
\end{figure}
To verify the robustness of the maximum efficiency result (Eq.(\ref{scale})), we performed an extensive search in the motor design space. In particular, we randomly selected the three parameters $\{k_g, k_a, k_b\}$ for $k_+(\theta)$ with $\log_{10}k_g\in[0, 4],\log_{10}k_a\in[0, 3],$ and $\log_{10}k_b\in[0, 2]$ uniformly sampled. For a given $k_+(\theta)$ profile, we determined the maximum efficiency for different choices of $V(\theta)$ by varying $E_g$. In Fig.\,5D, each point represents the maximum efficiency for a random $E_0\in[1,50]k_BT$ for a random $k_+(\theta)$ function.
As evident from Fig.\,5D, a limiting envelope (the dotted line) emerges with the highest efficiency $\Lambda^*$ following the same dependence on $E_0$ as given in Eq. (\ref{scale}): $1-\Lambda^*\propto \ln(E_0)/E_0$ for large $E_0\gg 1$.
\subsubsection{Efficiency in the presence of external forcing}
For most of our study here, we set the external applied torque (force) $\tau_{ext}=0$ and change the load by varying $\xi$. The power of the motor, $\dot{W}=\bar{\tau}\times\bar{\omega}$, is used to overcome the viscous drag force of the load and the efficiency defined by using this power defintion is called the Stokes efficiency by Wang and Oster \cite{Wang2002}. For $\tau_{ext}\ne 0$, the output power delivered to overcome this fixed extenal torque is $\dot{W}_e\equiv \tau_{ext}\bar{\omega}$, the effciency based on $\dot{W}_e$ is the so called ``thermodynamic" efficiency \cite{Parmeggiani1999,Zimmermann2012}. Both the thermodynamic efficiency and the Stokes efficiency are well defined in the sense that they are both less or equal than $1$. However, in most biological systems there is no active component exerting a fixed force (or torque) on the molecular motor. Instead, a motor needs to overcome a passive drag force from the attached cargoes (loads) in the highly viscose cellular environment with low Reynolds number. Nonetheless, our model can be used to study the thermodynamic efficiency $\Lambda_T(\kappa)\equiv \dot{W}_e/D(\kappa)$ with $\dot{W}_e\equiv \tau_{ext}\bar{\omega}$ by varying $\tau_{ext}$ while fixing $\xi$ to be a small value (we take $\xi=0.1$ here). As shown in Figure 6, the peak efficiency occurs at an intermediate $\tau_{ext}$ and with a finite gap $E_g$ in the potential to prevent wasteful back steps (Fig.\,6A). The dependence of the maximum thermodynamic efficiency $\Lambda^*_T$ on the driving energy $E_0$ (Fig.\,6B) also follows the same general trend as for the Stokes efficiency (Fig. \,4D and Fig.\,5C).
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.5\textwidth]{Fig6_PRE_v2.pdf}
\caption{The thermodynamic efficiency $\Lambda _T$ and its limit. (A) The dependence of $\Lambda_T$ on the energy gap $E_g$ and the external torque $\tau_{ext}$. The load $\xi=0.1$ is fixed. Other parameters are the same as those in Fig.\,4. The optimal $\Lambda_T$ occurs at a finite $E_g$ and an intermediate $\tau_{ext}$. (B) The optimal $\Lambda_T^*$ depends on the driving energy $E_0$ approximately following the same relation given in Eq. (\ref{scale}) as the optimal Stokes efficiency.}
\end{figure}
\section{Discussion and conclusion}
In this paper, we search for general principles of designing key microscopic motor properties, specifically the interaction potential $V(\theta)$ and the stepping rate function $k_+(\theta)$, in order to optimize the macroscopic motor performance characterized by its power output and efficiency. Different from previous work, we have taken into account realistic biophysical and biochemical constraints on the shape of $V$ and the reversibility of the mechanochemical cycles ($\varepsilon <1$, $\kappa<1$) in our investigation. We have studied the detailed dynamics and energetics of the high-performing bacterial flagellar motor in comparison with quantitative experimental data in order to test our general theory, which should be applicable to other molecular motors as well.
In the following, we discuss our main general findings and their applications to the BFM together with related work from other groups:
(1) A motor's power output depends on its torque(or force)-speed dependence. According to our theoretical analysis and simulations, a gating mechanism that allows the ion-assisted stator conformation to occur in a narrow window of relative positions between the stator and the rotor can lead to the observed concave torque-speed curve in CCW BFM. The concavity of the torque-speed curve increases with the gating strength. As a result, the maximum power output, which occurs at an intermediate load level near the knee of the torque-speed curve, increases with the gating strength. In general, a strong gating regime is a key design feature for $k_+(\theta)$ in order to generate maximum power in a wide range of physiologically relevant loads. Our results also provide a plausible explanation for the almost linear torque-speed curve for the CW state \cite{Yuan2010}: the gating strength may be weaker in the CW state. The molecular mechanism for gating is unclear, it requires more structural and biochemical studies of the rotor-stator interaction and its effect on regulating ion translocation
(2)
The conventional definition of motor efficiency ($\Lambda_0$) \cite{Wang2002} implicitly assumes tight-coupling, i.e., all backward steps regain chemical energy by pumping out ions in the case of BFM or synthesizing ATP in the case of linear motors.
In reality, there may be only a fraction $\kappa <1$ of back steps that regain energy. In the case of the linear motor kinesin, experiments show that ATP hydrolysis rate is finite even at stall when there are equal number of forward and backward steps and some backward steps can even cost energy \cite{Carter2005,Lipowsky2007}. Here, we show that efficiency peaks at a finite speed and the maximum efficiency is less than $1$ as long as there is a finite spontaneous stepping probability, i.e., $\kappa<1$.
In a recent paper\cite{Boschert2015}, Boschert et al. proposed a loose coupling model to explain the less-than-two ions translocation per step in the bacterial flagella motor observed in \cite{Lo2013}. The model was based purely on the conformational changes of the stator without considering the motor's actual physical rotation. It was assumed that the motor can generate a constant torque (or perform work) with either one or two ions bound, but the work done is the same regardless of whether one or two ions passes the membrane.
The case of torque generation by two ion translocations can be considered as two forward steps followed by a "wasteful" back step. The assumed finite probability of a power stroke by the stator with two ions bound is consistent with an effective $\kappa<1$ in our model.
The existence of back steps in BFM is strongly suggested \cite{Meacci2011} by the observed continuity of torque when motors are forced to rotate with a small negative speed \cite{Berry1997}. Otherwise, the motor would show a barrier in its torque-speed curve near stall, which was not observed. However, it is not clear whether all back steps pump out ions. We suspect the spontaneous back steps are not negligible, i.e., $\kappa<1$. Future experiments that directly measure ion translocation, specially during forced slow back rotations \cite{Berry1997}, are needed to test this hypothesis.
(3) We have derived two thermodynamics laws for the nonequilibrium motor. By using these laws for BFM, we showed that the maximum torque at stall should be strictly less than $G_0/\theta_0$ for any biologically realistic form of $ V(\theta)$, including the electro-steric potential proposed recently by Mandadapu et al. \cite{Mandadapu2015}. The difference $G_0/\theta_0-\tau_{max} \approx \sigma_{\tau}/\tau_{max}$ is mostly due to torque and speed fluctuations at high loads.
In general, the design of the interaction potential $V$ to optimize the maximum torque (force) and the motor efficiency is dictated by the tradeoff of two opposing effects of the energy gap $E_g$. For a given energy budget $G_0=\Delta V+E_g$, a steep $V(\theta)$ leads to a large $\Delta V$, which increases torque, but at the same time a finite positive $E_g$ is also needed to suppress backward steps, which have the adverse effects of slowing down the motor and wasting energy.
As a result of this tradeoff, we obtain a general limit for the optimal efficiency $\Lambda^*$: $1-\Lambda^* \propto \ln(E_0)/E_0$. A high efficiency (Eq. (\ref{scale})) can be achieved at the choice of an optimum energy gap $E_g^*(>0)$ that depends logarithmically on $E_0$ for large $E_0$.
Our model can naturally explain the recent experiments \cite{Lo2013} reporting $\tau_{max}$ being around $0.71 E_0/\theta_0$.
From our study, this experimental observation indicates an energy gap
$E_g/E_0\approx 0.29$, which is close to the optimal values of $E_g$ resulting from maximizing the power or the efficiency (see Fig.\,4A\&B). It remains an interesting open question as to whether the motor has evolved to optimize its performance measured by power output, efficiency, or a combination of the two under physiological constraints. The gerenal model framework should be useful in understanding energetics of other molecular motors. Our results here may also provide guidance in designing more efficient and powerful synthetic motors \cite{Astumian2015}.
\begin{acknowledgments}
We thank Dr. B. Hu for discussions in early stage of the work. We aslo thank Dr. C-J Lo for sharing data from \cite{Lo2013} and Drs. Howard Berg and Joe Howard for useful discussions. This work is supported by the National Institutes of Health Grant GM081747 (YT).
\end{acknowledgments}
| a given load $\xi$, Eq. (\ref{ss}) can be solved to obtain $P_s(\theta)$, from which the average torque generated by the motor can be determined: $ \bar{\tau} (\xi) =-\int_0^{2\theta_0}V'(\theta)P_s(\theta)d\theta$, and the average (rotational) speed can be obtained by the over-damped assumption valid at low Reynolds number: $\bar{\omega}(\xi)= \bar{\tau}(\xi)/\xi$.
By sweeping through different values of $\xi$, the model results in a torque-speed ($\bar{\tau}-\bar{\omega}$) relationship, which can be compared directly with experiments. The maximum torque $\tau_m$ is reached at high-load ($\xi\rightarrow\infty$) when the motor is at stall ($\bar{\omega}=0$).
In the absence of external energy source and external force, i.e., when $E_0=0$ and $\tau_{ext}=0$, the system is in equilibrium with its thermal environment. It is easy to show that the steady-state solution for Eq. (\ref{FPE}) in this case is simply the equilibrium Boltzmann distribution: $P_s(\theta)=\Omega^{-1}\exp[-V(\theta)]$, with $\Omega=\int_0^{2\theta_0}\exp[-V(\theta)]d\theta$ the normalization constant. Consequently, there is no net torque generation or motion, i.e., $\bar{\omega}=\bar{\tau}=0$.
However, when $E_0> 0$, detailed balance is broken between different physical coordinates ($\theta$), i.e., $k_{+}(\theta)P_s(\theta)\ne k_{-}(\theta-\theta_0)P_s(\theta-\theta_0)$, and the motor can generate a nonzero average torque to drive mechanical motion (rotation). The viscous drag $\xi\bar{\omega}$ is considered as the natural load on the motor. Even though an external torque $\tau_{ext}$ can also be applied to probe the motor behaviors, it is more convenient and biologically more realistic to change the load by varying $\xi$ as done by almost all experiments on BFM. For the remaining of this paper, we set $\tau_{ext}=0$ and varying $\xi$ except when we discuss different definitions of the motor efficiency at the end of the paper.
\section{Design principles for optimal motor performance }
In the general model framework given in the last section, the motor design space is spanned by two intrinsic functions: $V(\theta)$ and $k_+(\theta)$. For a specific motor system like BFM, specific choices of $V(\theta)$ and $k_+(\theta)$ were made to fit experimental data and backward transitions $k_-(\theta)$ were typically neglected.
Here, we treat $k_+(\theta)$ and $V(\theta)$ as a variable functional, and we always keep $k_-(\theta)$, which is determined from $k_+(\theta)$ and $V(\theta)$ by using Eq. (\ref{db1}).
By systematically exploring the motor design space, our main goal is to investigate fundamental limits and possible design principles for optimal motor performance characterized by its power output and energy efficiency for a given driving energy $E_0$.
\subsection{A gating mechanism for high power generation}
The average power output of the motor, defined as $\dot{W}=\bar{\tau}\bar{\omega}$, can only be high if both $\bar{\tau}$ and $\bar{\omega}$ are high. The measured torque-speed curve for CCW BFM has a concave down shape with a roughly constant high torque at low to medium speeds and a fast decrease of torque at high speeds \cite{Chen2000,Lo2013}. This concave torque-speed curve has the advantage of generating high power output (or equivalently a high torque for a given speed) in a wide range of physiologically relevant loads. Here, we study the general design requirements for such a concave torque-speed dependence, which is critical for high power generation.
The form of the periodic potential $V(\theta)$ is characterized by two parameters: the depth of the potential $V_d$, and the location of its minimum $\theta_m\equiv(1+\varepsilon)\theta_0$, where $\varepsilon\in[0,1]$ is an asymmetry parameter. A symmetric potential corresponds to $\varepsilon=0$, and $\varepsilon=1$ represents the extreme case when the potential is infinitely steep at $\theta=2\theta_0$. For simplicity, we used a piece-wise linear form ($V$-shaped) for $V(\theta)$ for most of the paper as shown in Fig.\,1A and Fig.\,2A. Other forms of $V(\theta)$, such as parabolic functions, were also used without affecting the main results (see Section C and Fig.\,9 in Appendix for details). For the $V$-shaped potential, the torque generated from this potential is positive $\tau(\theta)=\tau_+ \equiv V_d/\theta_m>0$ for $0\leq \theta<\theta_m$, and negative $ \tau(\theta)=-\tau_- \equiv -V_d/(2\theta_0-\theta_m)<0$ for $\theta_m<\theta \leq2\theta_0$, as shown in Fig.\,2A.
A high energy barrier $V_B$ near the peak of $V(\theta)$ is also added to prevent slipping between two adjacent FliG's without stepping. A piece-wise linear form of $V_B$ is used (see Appendix B).
In the following, we focus on elucidating the role of controlling (gating) the stepping transitions, i.e., the specific form of $k_+(\theta)$, for obtaining the observed torque-speed characteristics and high power generation.
\subsubsection{ An analytical solution for the torque-speed relationship}
We derive an approximate analytical solution for the torque-speed curve from our model based on ideas introduced before \cite{Meacci2009, Mandadapu2015}. At a microscopic timescale, the motor moves in two alternating modes: moving and waiting. The moving phase corresponds to the duration when the motor moves down the potential $V$ and generates a positive torque $\tau_+(>0)$. The average moving time is approximately $\langle t_m \rangle \approx \xi \theta_0/\tau_+$. The waiting phase begins when the motor reaches the potential minimum $\theta_m$. The waiting phase may be skipped due to stepping and the probability of reaching the potential minimum is $p_w=\exp(-\xi K/\tau_+)$, where $K\equiv \int_{\theta_0}^{\theta_m}k_+(\theta)d\theta$ is the integrated forward stepping rate over $[\theta_0,\theta_m]$. Once reaching $\theta_m$, the motor fluctuates (due to thermal noise) around $\theta_m$ ``waiting" for the next stepping transition to occur. During the waiting phase, the system approximately follows the equilibrium distribution $P_s(\theta)\approx \Omega^{-1}\exp[-V(\theta)]$. So the average waiting time $\langle t_w\rangle \approx k_0^{-1}$, where $k_0\approx \Omega^{-1}\int_0^{2\theta_0}k_+(\theta)\exp[-V(\theta)]d\theta$ is the average stepping rate in the waiting phase. By combining these considerations, we obtain an approximate solution for the speed $\bar{\omega}\approx \theta_0(\langle t_m\rangle+p_w \langle t_w\rangle)^{-1}$.
By introducing a re-scaled torque $\tilde{\tau}\equiv \bar{\tau}/\tau_+$ and a re-scaled speed $\tilde{\omega}\equiv \bar{\omega}/\omega_m$ with $\omega_m(=k_0\theta_0)$ the maximum speed, we obtain an approximate analytical expression for the torque speed curve:
\begin{equation}
\tilde{\tau}+\tilde{\omega} \exp(-\frac{q\tilde{\tau}}{\tilde{\omega}})=1,
\end{equation}
with a single parameter $q$ that depends on $V(\theta)$ and $k_+(\theta)$:
\begin{equation}
q\equiv \frac{K}{k_0}=\frac{(\int_{\theta_0}^{\theta_m} k_+(\theta)d\theta)\times ( \int_0^{2\theta_0}\exp[-V(\theta)]d\theta)}{\int_0^{2\theta_0}k_+(\theta)\exp[-V(\theta)]d\theta}.
\label{q_exp}
\end{equation}
The concavity of the torque-speed curve is determined by $q$. For $q\rightarrow 0$, torque-speed curve is linear $\tilde{\tau}+\tilde{\omega}=1$ with zero concavity. As $q$ increases, the concavity increases.
What is the design of $k_+(\theta)$ that gives rise to a large value of $q$ for a given $V(\theta)$? The answer is revealed by Eq. (\ref{q_exp}). For the $V$-shaped potential, the dependence of $K$ and $k_0$ on $k_+(\theta)$ shows that higher stepping rates in a narrow region away from the potential minimum can increase $K$ without increasing $k_0$ too much and thus lead to a larger value of $q$.
This ``gating" region characterized by a small width $\theta_g(\ll\theta_0)$ and a large stepping rate $k_g(\gg k_0)$ within the interval $(\theta_0,\theta_m)$ but closer to $\theta_0$, serves to prevent the motor from entering the waiting phase at high loads without increasing the maximum speed at low loads. These effects of the gating mechanism lead to the observed concavity in the torque-speed curve.
\subsubsection{Simulation results}
We verified this gating mechanism by direct numerical simulations. For simplicity, we choose a piecewise constant profile for $k_+$ as shown in Fig.\,2A: 1) $k_+(\theta)=k_g$ for $\theta\in[\theta_0+\theta_{\varepsilon}, \theta_0+\theta_{\varepsilon}+\theta_g)$; 2) $k_+(\theta)=k_a$ for $\theta\in[\theta_0+\theta_{\varepsilon}+\theta_g,\theta_m)$; 3) $k_+(\theta)=k_b$ for $\theta\in[\theta_m, 2\theta_0-\theta_{\varepsilon})$; and zero otherwise.
Here, $\theta_{\varepsilon}(>0)$ controls the gate location, $\theta_g$ and $k_g$ are the width and stepping rate of the gate region, $k_a$ and $k_b$ represent the background stepping rates to the left and right of the potential minimum, respectively.
For a given $k_+(\theta)$, we solve Eq. (\ref{ss}) numerically to determine the steady state distribution $P_s(\theta)$ for any given load $\xi$.
As shown in Fig.\,2B, at high ($\xi=1$, red line), $P_s(\theta)$ is mainly concentrated in the positive-torque region due to the gating effect, while it shifts to mostly populate around the potential bottom ($\theta_m$) at low load ($\xi=0.01$, green line), and it behaves somewhere in between for intermediate load ($\xi=0.1$, blue line).
We have computed the torque-speed curve for different values of $k_g$. As shown in Fig.\,2C, the concavity disappears as $k_g$ decreases. Note that for flagellar motor, we usually plot torque versus speed instead of speed versus external applied force as typically done in the linear motor case.
The positioning of the gate is also studied. The concavity increases as the gate is moved away from the potential minimum at $\theta_m$ towards the midpoint at $\theta=\theta_0$, i.e., as $\Delta _g \equiv \theta_m-(\theta_0+\theta_{\varepsilon})$ increases, as shown in Fig.\,2D. The dependence of the concavity of the torque-speed curve on the strength and position of the gate, as shown in Fig.\,2C\&D, agrees with our analytical results.
The normalized torque-speed curve with a strong gating strength and proper positioning (the red lines in Fig.\,2C\&D) agrees with experimental data \cite{Lo2013} for the CCW BFM (square symbols in Fig.\,2C\&D). The predicted dependence of concavity on the gating mechanism also provides a possible mechanism for the CW motor, which shows a linear torque-speed curve \cite{Yuan2010}. These predicted dependence may be tested by future experiments that measure the torque-speed curve in cells with mutated residues around their ion channel \cite{Blair1991,Blair1999}.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.45\textwidth]{Fig2_PRE_v2.pdf}
\caption{The motor probability distribution and the gating effect on the torque-speed curve. (A) The stator-rotor interaction potential $V(\theta)$ (blue line); and the forward stepping rate $k_+(\theta)$ (green line). A positive torque $\tau_+$ is generated when $\theta<\theta_m$ and a negative torque $-\tau_-$ is generated when $\theta>\theta_m$. (B) The steady-state distribution $P_s(\theta)$ at three representative loads: high load $\xi = 1$ (red), medium load $\xi=0.1$ (blue), and low load $\xi=0.01$ (green) for $k_g=5\times 10^5$ with $V(\theta)$ and $k_+(\theta)$ given in (A). Note that the peak of $P_s(\theta)$ at the bottom of potential $\theta_m$, indicated by the arrows in both (A) and (B), increases as the load ($\xi$) decreases.
(C) The torque-speed curves for different values of the gating strength $k_g$. The concavity increases with the gating strength $k_g$. (D) The torque-speed curves for different values of the distance $\Delta_g\equiv \theta_m-(\theta_0+\theta_{\epsilon})$ between the gate and the potential minimum. The concavity increases with $\Delta_g$. The square symbols in both (C)\&(D) represent data from \cite{Lo2013} (pH=7.0, $[Na]_{ex}=30mM$). }
\end{figure}
\subsection{The maximum torque at stall is limited by speed fluctuations}
Another important characteristic of any molecular motor is the maximum torque $\tau_{max}$ (or maximum force for a linear motor) that the motor generates near stall. For a given $G_0$, we ask the question what is the best design of $V(\theta)$ that optimizes $\tau_{max}$. Naively, it may be desirable to have a steep interaction potential to generate a large $\tau_{max}$. In the case of the $V$-shaped potentials, one would expect $\tau_{max}$ to increase with the gradient ($\tau_+$) of the potential. We have computed $\tau_{max}$ in our model for different choices of $\tau_+$. Surprisingly, as shown in Fig.\,3A, although $\tau_{max}$ increases with $\tau_+$ for small $\tau_+$, it reaches a peak value $\tau_{max}^p<G_0/\theta_0$ at a finite $\tau_+=\tau_+^p<G_0/\theta_0$ and decreases sharply for $\tau_+>\tau_+^p$.
What causes this non-monotonic dependence of $\tau_{max}$ on $\tau_+$? For a larger value of $\tau_+$, the torque generated in the positive torque regime ($\theta<\theta_m$) is larger. However, the backward stepping rate is also higher as the energy gap $E_g=G_0-\tau_+\theta_0$ is lower. The higher backward stepping rate increases the probability in the negative torque regime ($\theta>\theta_m$) and thus decreases the average torque (see Appendix C and Fig.\,8 for details). These two competing effects of varying $\tau_+$ lead to the existence of a maximum $\tau_{max}$. Different choices of $\varepsilon$ only change the peak slightly without changing the general behavior of $\tau_m$ (Fig.\,3A).
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.45\textwidth]{Fig3_PRE_v2.pdf}
\caption{Maximum torque $\tau_m$ and the energy dissipations. (A) $\tau_m$ depends non-monotonically on the potential gradient $\tau_+$ for different values of $\varepsilon=0.2,0.5,0.8$. The experimentally measured $\tau_m$ and its corresponding $\tau_+$ is marked by the star. (B) Fractions of energy dissipation due to torque (speed) fluctuations $f_{mech}$ (red line) and entropy production in chemical reactions $f_{chem}$ (blue line) versus load ($\xi$). $f_{mech}$ dominates at high loads, $f_{chem}$ dominates at low loads. The total dissipation $(f_{mech}+f_{chem})$ is shown as the green line. (C) The experimentally measured speed distribution when hook-only motors were attached to a large 1$\mu m$ polystyrene bead with an estimated high load of $\xi\approx 8$ (see \cite{Lo2013} for details). The variance around the first peak $\sigma_{\omega}$ corresponds to the speed fluctuation for motors with a single stator. The fractional dissipation due to speed fluctuation at $\xi=8$ can be estimated $f_{mech}\approx 0.16$ (marked as a star) from (C). The original data are kindly provided by Dr. C-J Lo \cite{Lo2013}.}
\end{figure}
\subsubsection{Thermodynamic laws for molecular motors}
The bound for $\tau_{max}$ can be obtained rigorously by studying the thermodynamic torque $\tau_l(\theta)=-(V(\theta)+\ln P_s(\theta))'$, where the first term represents the torque from the stator-rotor interaction and the second term is the ``entropic" torque from thermal fluctuations akin to the thermodynamic pressure.
By integrating the steady state Fokker-Planck equation, we obtain the average $\tau_l$:
\begin{equation}
\langle \tau_l\rangle=\xi \theta_0\int_{0}^{2\theta_0}[j_+(\theta)-j_-(\theta)]d\theta
=\xi \theta_0(J_+-J_-),
\label{w_Dn}
\end{equation}
where $J_{\pm}\equiv \int_{0}^{2\theta_0}j_{\pm}(\theta) d\theta$ are the total forward and backward fluxes.
The second moment of $\tau_l$ can be computed:
$\langle\tau_l^2\rangle=\int_0^{2\theta_0}\tau_l^2(\theta)P_s(\theta)d\theta=-\int_0^{2\theta_0}(V+\ln P_s)(V'P_s+P_s')'d\theta,$
where boundary terms are set to zero. In steady state, Eq. (\ref{FPE}) leads to: $(V'P_s+P_s')'=-\xi \Delta j_{s}$. By using Eq. (\ref{ss}) for $\Delta j_s$ and Eq. (\ref{w_Dn}) for $\bar{\tau}$, we have:
\begin{equation}
\langle\tau_l^2\rangle=\frac{G_0\bar{\tau}}{\theta_0}-\xi S_j,
\label{Stau}
\end{equation}
where $S_j\equiv \int_0^{\theta_0}[j_+(\theta+\theta_0)-j_-(\theta)]\ln\frac{j_+(\theta+\theta_0)}{j_-(\theta)}d\theta $ is the entropy production rate of the chemical reactions.
In steady state, the power output or the rate of mechanical work performed by the motor (against viscous drag) is $\dot{W}\equiv \bar{\omega}\bar{\tau}$. Using Eq. (\ref{Stau}), we derive an equation for $\dot{W}$:
\begin{equation}
\frac{G_0\bar{\omega}}{\theta_0}=\bar{\omega}\bar{\tau}+\xi^{-1}\sigma_{\tau}+S_j,
\label{FirstLaw}
\end{equation}
where $\sigma_{\tau}\equiv \langle\tau_l^2\rangle -\bar{\tau}^2$ is the variance of the thermodynamic torque.
Eq. (\ref{FirstLaw}) is the first law of thermodynamics for a nonequilibrium motor system with an external energy source. The left hand side of Eq. (\ref{FirstLaw}) represents the rate of energy input. The first term on the right hand side (RHS) of Eq. (\ref{FirstLaw}) represent the average power output. In addition, there are two distinct sources of energy dissipation. $S_j$ is the energy loss due to entropy production and the corresponding heat generation in {\it chemical space}. $\xi^{-1}\sigma_{\tau}$ is the energy dissipation due to fluctuations of torque and speed in {\it physical space}. We note that the speed and torque fluctuations depend on the non-equilibrium motor dynamics (driven by $G_0$) in addition to thermal noise. In particular, the torque fluctuation $\sigma_{\tau}$ is finite even when temperature goes to zero.
The second law of thermodynamics for the motor manifests itself by the fact that these two energy dissipation rates are positive definite:
\begin{equation}
S_j \ge 0, \;\;\;\xi^{-1}\sigma_{\tau}\ge 0.
\label{SecondLaw}
\end{equation}
From the first and second law, Eqs. (\ref{FirstLaw}-\ref{SecondLaw}), it follows that the average torque is bounded:
\begin{equation}
\bar{\tau}=G_0/\theta_0-\sigma_{\tau}/\bar{\tau}-\xi S_j/\bar{\tau}\le G_0/\theta_0.
\end{equation}
\subsubsection{Simulation results and experiments}
The question now is whether the maximum torque $\tau_{max}$ can ever reach this theoretical limit $G_0/\theta_0$. At high load $\xi\gg 1$, the entropy production rate is small $S_j\propto \xi^{-2}$ because both $\ln[\frac{j_+(\theta+\theta_0)}{j_-(\theta)}]\propto\xi^{-1}$ and $ [j_+(\theta+\theta_0)-j_-(\theta)]\propto\xi^{-1}$. However, in general $\sigma_{\tau}$ does not vanish in the high load limit. The torque variance $\sigma_{\tau}$ depends on the shape of $V(\theta)$ and only approaches zero when the interaction potential takes the extreme limit of $\varepsilon \rightarrow 1$ with delta-function energy barrier. Given the size of a motor protein ($\sim 4 nm$) and that of a typical amino acid ($\sim 0.8nm$), the asymmetry parameter should be $\varepsilon< 1-0.8/(2\times 4)=0.9$. Therefore, any realistic form of $V(\theta)$ results to a finite $\sigma_{\tau}$ and thus a maximum torque that is less than $G_0/\theta_0$.
We have computed $\bar{\tau}$, $\bar{\omega}$, $\sigma_{\tau}$, and $S_j$ for different load ($\xi$) in our model numerically. The fraction of energy dissipation through speed fluctuation and entropy production are given by $f_{mech}\equiv \sigma_{\tau}/(\xi\bar{\omega}G_0/\theta_0)$ and $f_{chem}\equiv S_j/(\bar{\omega}G_0/\theta_0)$, which are shown in Fig.\,3B as red and blue lines respectively. Consistent with our analysis, the dissipation due to speed fluctuation $f_{mech}$ reaches a nonzero constant as $\xi\rightarrow\infty$ while the dissipation from entropy production $f_{chem}\rightarrow 0$.
In the recent experiments by Lo et al. \cite{Lo2013}, the maximum torque near stall was found to be $\tau_{max}\approx 71\% \frac{G_0}{\theta_0}$. From our analysis, this means that at least $29\%$ of IMF is dissipated, and an increasing portion of the dissipation is caused by speed and torque fluctuations as the load increases (see red line in Fig.\,3B). In Fig.\,3C, the experimentally observed speed distribution at a high load ($1\mu m$ bead) \cite{Lo2013} is shown. Consistent with our analysis, significant speed fluctuations are present. Quantitatively, the average and variance of motor speeds for the motors with a single stator (those speeds around the first peak in Fig.\,3C) are estimated to be $\bar{\omega}\approx 6.5 Hz$ and $\sigma_{\omega}\approx 6.4 Hz^2$. The fraction of energy dissipation due to speed fluctuation can be estimated: $\sigma_{\tau}\theta_0/(\bar{\tau}G_0)\approx \sigma_{\omega}/\bar{\omega}^2\times | 5,721 |
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Food for thought: in today's digital world, we don't just rely on tech - we depend on it. Your smartphone is your calendar, your camera, as well as actually being a device you can make phonecalls from - we know, shocking right!? Yet, our digital friends seem to be the last on the pecking order when it comes to insurance. They get lost, smashed, dropped, dunked, stolen and (occasionally) drop kicked, so let us, the experts at Protect Your Gadget, help - yes, you've guessed it - Protect Your Gadgets! | service in the UK, and we're pretty proud of that. Whether you've | 16 |
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Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Vol 39
Elsevier Science and Technology
This continuing authoritative series deals with the chemistry, materials science, physics and technology of the rare earth elements in an integrated manner. Each chapter is a comprehensive, up-to-date, critical review of a particular segment of the field. The work offers the researcher and graduate student a complete and thorough coverage of this fascinating field.
"Highly experienced authors have written each review usually at a level suitable for advanced postgraduate students and research workers from a variety of fields. With the great richness of information involving references to other review articles written from different<|fim_middle|>81GBP
Hardback The book (hardback) will be shipped to you. €290EUR$333USD£256GBP | points of view, the books are an important reference source and should be on the shelves of most libraries."-- Journal of Applied Crystallography
- Authoritative
- Comprehensive
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Please Note: This is an On Demand product, delivery may take up to 11 working days after payment has been received.
Contents of Volumes 1-38
Index of Contents of Volumes 1-39
241. The Dual, Localized or Band-like, Character of the 4f States (W.M. Temmerman, L. Petit, A. Svane, Z. Szotek, M. Lueders, P. Strange, J.B. Staunton, I.D. Hughes, and B.L. Gyorffy)
242. Perovskite-like Aluminates and Gallates (L. Vasylechko, A. Senyshyn, and U. Bismayer)
243. Luminescence of Polyoxometallolanthanates (T. Yamase)
Gschneidner Jr., Karl A.
Gschneidner has published over 485 journal articles and chapters in books and edited or written 40 books on the chemistry, materials science, and physics or rare earth materials. He was the founder of the Rare-earth Information Center and served as its Director for 30 years.
B?nzli, Jean-Claude.
Professor J-C.G. B?nzli is a physical-inorganic and analytical chemist by training and an active researcher in the field of co-ordination and supramolecular chemistry of rare-earth ions. His research focuses mainly on designing self-assembled functional edifices containing rare-earth ions and with predetermined photophysical and/or magnetic properties.
Pecharsky, Vitalij K.
Professor V.K. Pecharsky is an active researcher in the field of structure-physical property relationships of rare earth-based intermetallic compounds. He co-authored over 250 papers published in peer reviewed journals and as chapters in books, holds 10 patents, mostly related to preparation and processing rare earth-based alloys.
Photo Atlas of Mineral Pseudomorphism
Book
€92EUR$106USD£ | 475 |
Mystagogy (mist-uh-go-jee) is one of my favorite words, not just because it is so delicious to say but also because it is a part of the early church practice that I think deserves reclaiming. Stick with me as I explain.
In the 3rd and 4th century church (and perhaps earlier), the process for becoming a Christian was a lengthy one, and it included instruction and discernment all along the way. Progressively more of the things of the faith were entrusted to the seekers as they traveled that path.
Before baptism, the seedling Christians were taught creeds, hymns and prayers. Only after baptism did newly planted ("neophyte") Christians participate in the experience of communion.
Now is the time to speak of the mysteries and to reflect systematically on the sacred ritual actions. We should not have considered it helpful to those not yet initiated, but rather a betrayal of them, if<|fim_middle|> This approach also risks flattening the rituals, through of a lack of intentionality regarding theology and practice.
Mystagogy offers a third option. The experience is allowed to stand on its own, full of mystery and inspiring seemingly infinite layers of meaning. Yet the exploring of those layers of meaning has a place to find expression, in words and in community.
The Anabaptist tradition is very ritually rich. As Christians formed by a steady rhythm of Love Feasts, our theology concerning Kingdom finds a most life-giving context in the washing of feet. As a tradition formed by a regular practice of anointing and service (often experienced as worship), our theology of reconciliation and justice finds a most full-breathing context in the caring touch of hands.
Part of why we like rituals in our antiauthoritarian tradition is because they are both communal and individual. Their meanings are not prescribed and yet we participate together; in ritual we have opportunity to build something together that is larger than the sum of our individual meaning-making.
And yet I am convinced that we do ourselves a disservice and risk losing the centrality of our rituals altogether if we do not find ways of exploring these mysteries communally. In thinking about how to draw more communal connection from the rituals we undertake, mystagogy is a promising option.
In the Church of the Brethren, young people are often baptized on the Sunday before a midweek Love Feast, so that this central ritual can be one of their first communal experiences as a baptized Christian. After this first Love Feast, a group of people could gather together to recognize, affirm, and explore the meanings, individual and collective, that arose from that ritual.
The hope in this kind of group would be that it would flow out of existing relationship and into continuing relationship. Although the group would especially hold the new person and their experience, the giving and receiving would be shared.
The group might include a range of ages, backgrounds, and experience levels with the ritual. The group could be conducted similar to a "Listening Hearts" model of group discernment, or it could be a kind of clearness committee. In both of these models, a primary emphasis is on listening for the Spirit in the midst of the group and the individual, and working together to name and claim the movement of the Spirit.
Something like this could be extended to small groups that did not particularly focus around a person's first experience but rather fostered a general sensitivity to layers of meaning found in ritual. It could also extend to experiences like anointing.
Although Anabaptists as ordinance Christians do not want to go too far into saying that our rituals have any saving power in and of themselves, we do often find our hearts stirred and our lives shaped by these rituals. A forum to acknowledge and build on those stirrings and shapings feels crucial to communal faith development.
After my baptism, at which an elder in the church told me I looked like a new bride, and after my first Love Feast, at which another beloved elder 60 years older than me washed my feet, I was brimming with meaning and questions and inspirations. Those things found a container, eventually, in the life of the church and in my own life of discipleship and faith. But I find myself wondering if the richness of that – and of what is present in each member of the body – could have been brought more fully to bloom within the community had there been a space dedicated to those explorations of meaning.
This kind of small-group mystagogy practice could provide a container for fluid and overflowing meaning, inspired by ritual, that provides a way for the Spirit's movement to be named and celebrated. And all of this is put forward with the faith that naming and celebrating the movement of the Spirit is one of the ways we attune our hearts to continually notice and move with the Spirit in all of life, and in all our actions. | we had decided to give such a detailed explanation before baptism. Indeed, it is better for the light of the mysteries themselves to have inundated you as a surprise than it would have been for us to have given an explanation beforehand.
Most churches do one of two things around rituals. Some churches explain the rituals before hand, drawing out the theology and symbolism. This approach risks flattening the rituals to one or two meanings and prescribing those meanings for a congregation.
Other churches never explain or explore the rituals, desiring them to stand on their own and be revelatory of God without words. | 117 |
Almog Kohen (ur. 1 września 1988 w Beer Szewie) – izraelski piłkarz występujący na pozycji pomoc<|fim_middle|>i w Beer Szewie | nika. Zawodnik klubu FC Ingolstadt 04.
Kariera klubowa
Cohen jest wychowankiem klubu Beitar Tubruk, gdzie jako junior grał w latach 1998–2006. W 2006 roku trafił do Maccabi Netanja z Ligat ha'Al. W sezonie 2006/2007 zadebiutował w Ligat ha'Al. W debiutanckim sezonie rozegrał 7 spotkań. Wywalczył również z klubem wicemistrzostwo Izraela. W 2008 roku ponownie wywalczył z nim wicemistrzostwo Izraela. W Maccabi spędził 4 lata. W tym czasie rozegrał tam 89 spotkań i zdobył 8 bramek.
W 2010 roku Cohen podpisał kontrakt z niemieckim klubem 1. FC Nürnberg. W Bundeslidze zadebiutował 11 września 2010 roku w zremisowanym 1:1 meczu z Hamburgerem SV.
Kariera reprezentacyjna
Coehn rozegrał 16 spotkań w reprezentacji Izraela U-21. W kadrze seniorskiej zadebiutował 2 września 2009 roku w wygranym 2:1 meczu eliminacji Mistrzostw Europy 2012 z Maltą.
Bibliografia
Reprezentanci Izraela w piłce nożnej
Piłkarze Maccabi Netanja
Piłkarze 1. FC Nürnberg
Piłkarze Hapoelu Tel Awiw
Piłkarze FC Ingolstadt 04
Urodzeni w 1988
Ludzie urodzen | 440 |
The Katschhof in 1910, showing the neo-Gothic town hall building; the pre-war administrative building on its left.
The Centre Charlemagne is located at one of the most iconic places in Aachen: West of the K<|fim_middle|>cht', a court building, stood where the museum is today. Many rulings were executed in a pillory commonly referred to as the 'Kaak' or 'Kaks', from which the Katschhof derived its name.
After the great fire of 1656, J.J. Couven erected a new Baroque-style building in 1748 where the 'Acht' had been. At a later stage, he also built the comic theatre (Komödienhaus), which A.F.F. Leydel, the city architect, converted into the 'Große Karlsschule' (Charlemagne School) in the 19th century. In 1903, an opulent administrative building was erected on the site and the Ritter-Chorus-Straße was built, forming a thoroughfare through the previously enclosed west side of the square.
After the Second World War, Gerhard Graubner, one of the most influential proponents of the 'Stuttgart School', an architectural style, created a modern administrative building to replace the older one, which had been extensively damaged in the war. This building, constructed between 1957 and 1960, is considered to be a prominent example of post-war architecture and is listed for this reason.
After the Second World War, Gerhard Graubner created a modern administrative building to replace the older one, which had been extensively damaged in the war.
hks Aachen architects Jochen König and Thomas Croon, who were entrusted with the task in 2009, have integrated the Centre Charlemagne into Graubner's architecture. This involved extensive renovation of the façades on the Katschhof and Ritter-Chorus-Straße sides. The former forecourt was redesigned as an entrance area, making extensive use of glazing.
In the conversion design, the architects drew on one of the urban leitmotifs of Aachen: triangular shapes. Some squares in Aachen's historic centre are in fact triangular, owing to the fact that the Christian Carolingian Palace complex had pushed the grid of the Roman city to the east. Entering the building through the foyer, your attention is caught by an 'elevated triangle' formed by the external walls of the circa 215 sqm temporary exhibition space. LED-backlit panels on the upper sides printed with important dates and events from Aachen's history make this room the focal element of the architectural design. | atschhof, where there once was the colonnade connecting the Carolingian King's Hall to St Mary's Church, today's Aachen Cathedral. Towards the end of the Middle Ages, the 'A | 43 |
morningcuppajo in Uncategorized January 24, 2018 941 Words
Neil. If it weren't for P.T. Barnum, I'd say he was the greatest Showman. But at seventy-six years old and still selling thousands of tickets to sold-out arenas in 2017, he's definitely (in my musically expert opinion) one of the greatest performers of all time.
I say I'm Neil Diamond's Number One Fan. There are probably fans much more fanatic than me. (Yikes.) I'm not crazy, just plain weird and dorky for loving Neil Diamond. And I'm ok with that.
I must've started liking Neil when I was eight years old or so listening to tapes in my mom's Jeep Cherokee, toting us to dance, acrobatics, and Wednesday night church and back home. People have always asked me why I like Neil Diamond. As a middle schooler and high schooler, I pretty much couldn't name a singer or band until Dave Mathews came around. (Of course I knew Nirvana was popular because I did, after all, have eyeballs and could read all the popular concert T-shirts.) But the game of "Who is playing on the radio right now?" scared the bejeezus out of me.
So I blame my love of Neil on two things: 1) My mom probably listened to Neil Diamond while she was pregnant with me. 2) I became enamored with records and our record player that sat behind my dad's rocking chair in our den. It was a way of digging into the past – shuffling through dusty old records of John Denver, Neil Diamond, and Chicago. But Neil was the one that stuck.
My first concert was the Beach Boys but that was just because they played at the end of a Brave's game one time. My first actual ticket to a concert was Neil Diamond "In the Round" at the Omni in Atlanta when I was fourteen years old. My sister would have been sixteen then and probably had been to New Kids on the Block at least twice as well as seen George Michael at least once by that time. I have never been to a New Kids concert in my life. (Although I did dress up as Danny once because<|fim_middle|> fifth person to replicate a New Kids pose which I'm sure got opened and looked at and admired by all five New Kids.)
At that concert in 1993, there were more gray haired people in the audience than young people and everyone sat most of the time except for in a couple of songs. It was the era of the Bill Cosby Sweater, so picture Neil not in a sweater, but an equally flashy button-down. And he changed those button downs at least five times until at long last he was donning one of his infamous sequined shirts (I read once that they are actually made of rhinestones.) Fast forward to 2016 when you could finally pay a VIP price (on the Internet!) to get a floor seat – hell yeah! And what color was the hair on these big money, floor seat audience members? Not gray! In 2017 most of the audience was under age fifty and we stood for more songs than in 1993 (but not all because let's face it, if your performer is seventy-six years old he deserves the spotlight at least for part of the night!) And another awesome thing about the later tours?? The audience wearing "matching" sequin attire! Comeoneayeahah!!
Despite the constant harassment from my friends and family about my love of Neil, they have all been equally subjected to his music. For Christmas one year my mom got me the double cassette of "Greatest Hits." My dad said, "awe, too bad you got blank tapes." He has attended at least one Neil concert with me and my mom. For a short glorious while there was a Neil Diamond cover band called The Hot August Knights. They played Halloween and Valentine's Day for several years. So I made my sister, my friend Katie, and my then fiancé go with me … to the Clermont Lounge, the basement bar of the Clermont Hotel on Ponce. It was epic. It was Halloween, so I was dressed as a diamond. A diamond girl. I wore a shiny diamond-shaped cardboard cutout while my loving friends rolled their eyes and ordered alcohol to see themselves through this event. Blondie or one of her dancer colleagues led us to the snack table along the wall near the restrooms. We smiled and gave an emphatic, "thanks!" then Chris turned away and declared that more or less there was no way in hell he was eating anything off of that sketchy table in the dark, basementy nudy bar. My sister went for another beer and bumped elbows with someone at the bar who ended up becoming a life-long friend.
While I'm sad that there are no more concerts to look forward to, I'm grateful for at least a half a dozen amazing concert memories. Not only sweating in sequins on the FOURTH row with my mom, or screaming from cheap $100 tickets, "you've still got it, Neil!" to which he replied, "thank you!," but dragging the hubs on his birthday to a Neil concert, seeing Black Diamond in Nashville with my friend Karla, treating ("treating"?!) my friend Shanna to his concert in Chicago… and at least I've got my CDs, itunes, and T-shirts. One for every day of the week. And my bumper sticker, which when it loses its stickiness, will be framed that reads, "I'd rather be at a Neil Diamond concert."
You Might Be Gaining Weight If …
Advice to the Bride: Don't Get Divorced over Corn Chowder and Disney World | my sister and her friends needed a | 7 |
Group of 20 Parishioners Prepares for Mission Trip This Summer
by Chimbote Foundation | Jun 20, 2017 | Mission Team
Bishop David Zubik celebrated the Vigil Mass of Ascension on May 24 at St. Paul's Seminary by Commissioning 20 volunteer Chimbote Mission team members who will travel this summer to our mission in Peru. Father Ronald Lengwin, Executive Director of The Chimbote Foundation and Director of the Diocesan Mission Office, concelebrated.
The newly commissioned mission team members, on behalf of the Pittsburgh Catholic Diocese, will give of their time, talents and treasure to witness the work of Jesus at the Maternidad de Maria maternity hospital and Center for Social Works (COS). The Center includes an outpatient clinic, clinical laboratory, center for orphaned or abandoned children plus a home visiting program which the Bishop, the Pittsburgh Diocese, the people of Pittsburgh and local companies have supported for more than 50 years.
Six deacons who had served or are about to serve as spiritual directors on mission trips assisted with the Vigil Mass: Timothy Noca, Richard Tucek, Thomas Lopus, Richard Caruso, Frank Szemanski and Joseph Dougherty.
Caring for Our Brothers and Sisters
Two hundred family, friends and mission partners attended the<|fim_middle|> 4, 2017.
By caring for the poorest of the poor, Chimbote mission supporters are blessed by God in immeasurable ways. If you would like to learn more about the Chimbote Mission in Peru or would like to become a mission supporter, more information is available on this website under the "Get Involved" tab.
Photo: Chuck Austin, Shotsworth Photography ([email protected]) | Mass and a spaghetti dinner fundraiser which followed. In his remarks and invocation, Bishop Zubik reminded us that, as God's precious children, Jesus entrusts us to care for one another and that we are privileged to be given that trust. After dinner, Mr. Dennis Woytek, award-winning videographer and mission team member, presented his video "Witnessing Jesus in Chimbote: Calling all the Messengers" with photos and videos from previous mission trips to Chimbote.
While in Chimbote this summer, team members will have the opportunity to really understand the impact our mission has on the residents there by:
Touring the COS facilities;
Making home visits with nurses and social workers into the barrios where the destitute poor live who are too ill or fragile and who cannot get to the center;
Attending to and playing with the infants and children at the center;
Performing a variety of tasks to assist the staff at the center; and
Participating in daily prayer and reflection.
The fundraising at the spaghetti dinner showed, once again, how generously people here in Pittsburgh support this diocesan mission. Over and above raising the translator expenses for the teams, each of the two teams will take a gift to the Sisters of $2,000 ($4,000 in total) for their use in the home visit program.
Team members are packing their bags to deliver a variety of gifts to Chimbote from Pittsburgh, including homemade puppets, Spanish children's books, clothing and handmade sundresses. You can read more about that in an article published in the Pittsburgh Catholic HERE.
Please Pray for the Success of the Mission and the Safety of those Traveling
2017 Team 4A, June 16-26: Mary Lou Einloth, Team Leader; Deacon Richard Caruso, Spiritual director; Mara Aloi, Nick Aloi, Frank (Trip) Cahouet, Sam Hansen, Jim Luteran, Debbie Manion, Jim Manion and Dennis Woytek.
2017 Team 4B, June 30-July 10: Do Sabol, Team Leader; Deacon Frank Szemanski, Spiritual Director; Kimberly Szemanski, Joseph Auth, Roman Iannone, Carolyn Kiliany, Jeaneen Osborne, Steve Osborne, Linda Piso and Nathan Schollaert.
For more information about this event, please read the article published in the Pittsburgh Catholic on June | 507 |
How to buy fan coil units in China? I'll give you these eight pieces of advice!
Home / Case / How to buy fan coil units in China? I'll give you these eight pieces of advice!
Do you know how to buy high-quality fan coil manufacturers in China? I have been engaged in foreign trade fan coil units for 13 years. Let me tell you how to choose high-quality fan coil units!
First, the fan coil unit has two main parameters!
Second, where is the fan coil suitable for use?
Third, what are the main factors for determining and selecting fan coil parameters?
Fourthly, the function of fan coil components.
Fifth, the category and model of fan coil unit.
Sixth, does the<|fim_middle|>, does the fan coil need to be cleaned regularly? Need!
When the fan coil is used for a period of 3-5 months, dust and germs will accumulate on the fins and impellers. When the dust reaches a certain thickness, the heat dissipation effect of the fins will be affected, resulting in the room temperature failing to meet the requirements. In addition, the fan coil that has not been cleaned for a long time will breed a variety of germs, which will cause diseases on human respiratory tract. Therefore, it is suggested that the fan coil should be cleaned regularly.
Remove bacteria and dust in the air supply and return system to improve indoor air quality;
Reduce the wind resistance of VAV air conditioning units, improve the heat exchange efficiency, increase the supply air volume and save energy;
Maintain the fan coil system regularly to prolong the service life of the unit;
Reduce the operating cost and improve the asset value;
High static pressure fan coil
Seventh, which parts of the fan coil are cleaned regularly? It is necessary to clean these parts.
Clean the air inlet filter.
Waterway filter cleaning
Clean the dust on fins and impellers.
Clean the water tray.
The inlet cold water temperature of the fan coil unit should not be lower than 5℃, otherwise it may cause condensation of the unit; The inlet water temperature should not be higher than 80℃ (usually 60℃), otherwise it may cause corrosion of the copper tube of the heat exchanger of the unit.
It is suggested that the operating ambient temperature of the fan coil unit should be 16~36℃ for cooling and 10~30℃ for heating. Air relative humidity ≤90%.
Fan coil units are only used as comfort air conditioners, and should not be used for special occasions.
Do not install the fan coil in the area with corrosive gas.
Card installation site
IX. Trouble shooting of fan coil unit
The fan coil unit has small air output and poor refrigeration capacity.
Cause: When the fan is running normally, except for the small intake air volume, it is air leakage in the air duct, which is rarely seen and easily handled. However, the small intake air volume is mostly caused by the blockage of the filter screen of the return air outlet.
Solution: Clean the filter screen frequently. If it is not cleaned in time, dust and sundries will further stick to the coil fins and wind turbine blades, and the fins will be blocked by dirt, which will lead to the decrease of the ventilation capacity of the fan. Dust will also accumulate on the fan impeller, causing the blade angle to decrease, thus reducing the air volume and increasing the fan current. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the filter screen of the return air outlet. Generally, it should be cleaned at least once every quarter, otherwise, the congestion will become more and more serious and the maintenance will become more and more difficult.
The fan coil unit is noisy, and the noise increases with the high wind speed.
One of the following reasons:
(1) Poor damping measures during installation and construction, resulting in resonance in operation;
(2) There are foreign bodies in the air duct;
(3) Fan blades are deformed or motor bearings are damaged, resulting in poor dynamic balance. In case of this phenomenon, first check whether the coil supports and hangers are loose, then open the air duct to check and remove foreign matters.
(4) Coil motor does not turn;
(5) The output air volume is normal, and the supply air temperature has deviation;
(6) Equipment and pipelines drip.
Prev上一个Installation of condensed water of three fan coils
下一个Stainless steel connecting hose — installation of fan coil units in construction projects, essentialNext | fan coil need to be cleaned regularly?
Seventh, which parts of the fan coil are cleaned regularly?
Eighth, the fan coil unit use environment requirements
IX,Trouble shooting of fan coil unit
First, the fan coil unit has two main parameters: refrigeration (heat) quantity and air supply quantity. Therefore, there are the following two ways to choose the fan coil unit.
(1) According to the circulating air volume of the room: the product of room area, floor height (behind the ceiling) and room ventilation times is the circulating air volume of the room. The fan coil model can be determined by using the circulating air volume corresponding to the high-speed air volume of the fan coil.
(2) Selection according to the cooling load required by the room: according to the unit area load and room area, the cooling load value required by the room can be obtained. The model of the fan coil can be determined by using the refrigerating capacity of the room cooling load corresponding to the high-speed air volume of the fan coil.
After determining the model, it is also necessary to determine the installation mode (open installation or installation), air return mode (sending down and down, sending down and down, etc.) of the fan coil and the connection position (left or right) of the water pipe.
Installation site of concealed fan coil
Second, the fan coil unit is suitable for use in which occasions:
Fan coil unit is the ideal end product of central air-conditioning, which is widely used in hotels, office buildings, hospitals, commercial and residential and scientific research institutions. The indoor air or outdoor mixed air of the fan is cooled or heated by the surface cooler, and then sent into the room, so that the indoor temperature can be lowered or raised to meet the comfort requirements of people.
The unqualified items of the fan coil are mainly noise and cooling capacity.
Fan coil brought back to bellows
Cooling capacity of fan coil unit
Select products according to the calculated cooling load, but it should be noted that different fresh air supply modes will lead to different cooling loads of fan coil units.
Air volume of fan coil unit
Check the number of air changes according to the room quality requirements. The smaller the air temperature difference, the more air changes, the better the air quality.
Air supply and return mode of fan coil unit
The air supply and return modes form the so-called airflow organization, and whether it is reasonable or not directly affects the uniformity and stability of the temperature field and velocity field in the air-conditioned room, that is, the air-conditioning effect is good or bad. Reasonable air flow requires a certain air supply speed to avoid short circuit of air flow and ensure a certain jet length.
Install concealed fan coil
A. the noise index should be controlled below 40dB, and the fan coil unit with high noise should be equipped with noise elimination device, and the resistance value should not be more than 10Pa.
B during installation and construction, pay attention to the quality of heat preservation, the discharge of condensed water, slope direction, pipe fittings and joints, and the cleanliness of the system.
C. The setting method of water system is horizontal system or vertical system. Some construction sites choose vertical system, which can better ensure the discharge of condensed water and ensure the floor height requirement of the room.
Example: For residential and office buildings, when the room area is large, multiple fan coils should be considered. When the room unit area has a large load, and the noise requirement is not high, fan coils with large air volume and cooling capacity can be considered.
Ultra-thin fan coil installation site
Fourthly, the function of fan coil unit components
Fan: driven by the motor of one-way multi-speed low-noise induction system, the fan speed is changed by adjusting the input voltage, so that the air volume of the fan can be divided into three grades: high, medium and low. It is controlled by an electrical switch, and the cooling (heating) amount of the fan coil is adjusted accordingly.
Coil: an air-water heat exchanger made of finned tubes. The refrigerant water (hot water) flows in the tube. Because the temperature of the refrigerant water is lower than the dew point temperature of the air, there is condensed water on the outer surface of the tube, which shows heat exchange in wet condition, and has both heat exchange and mass exchange, thus improving the heat exchange effect.
Condensate pan: it is placed under the coil with the drain pipe, and its function is to receive the water droplets continuously condensed on the coil and discharge them out of the room through the drain pipe.
Air filter: it is placed under the coil with the water discharge pipe, and its function is to receive the water droplets continuously condensed on the coil and discharge them out of the room through the water discharge pipe.
Horizontal exposed fan coil unit
Fifth, the category and model of fan coil unit. Choosing the model is very troublesome. If it's normal that you don't understand, you can contact me, and I'll help you analyze and match the appropriate fan coil unit model.
According to its working principle, the fan consists of two circulation systems: wind circulation and water circulation.
Water circulation: cold water (hot water) from the central computer room circulates in the heat exchanger through water pipes.
Wind circulation: refers to the continuous recirculation of the air in the room where the unit is located, so that the air is cooled (heated) after passing through the cold water (hot water) coil to keep the room temperature constant.
According to the structural form: vertical, horizontal, wall-mounted, card-type, etc.
According to the installation method: surface installation and concealed installation;
According to the water inlet mode: left type and right type;
Thickness: Ultra-thin and ordinary;
According to the presence or absence of condensate pump: ordinary type, luxury type;
According to the static pressure of the unit: 0Pa, 12Pa, 30Pa, 50Pa and 80Pa (external static pressure);
According to the number of tubes: two rows of tubes and three rows of tubes; The more copper pipes, the better the refrigeration effect.
According to the system: two controls and four controls.
Control: Ordinary fan coil units are cooled by cold water in summer and heated by hot water in winter;
Control: It is mostly used in some luxurious places, where hot water and cold water can be taken at the same time, that is, some rooms can be cooled and some rooms can be heated according to needs.
Installation site of fan coil and central air conditioner
Sixth | 1,365 |
UFC<|fim_middle|> day, and children 12 and under get a free general admission ticket when accompanying a paid adult. | Hall of Famer Griffin to be grand marshal of DC Solar 350 at LVMS
UFC Hall of Famer Forrest Griffin will serve as grand marshal of the DC Solar 350 NCWTS race at LVMS. UFC
Ultimate Fighting Championship Hall of Famer Forrest Griffin will serve as grand marshal of the DC Solar 350 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series race on Saturday.
Griffin, the former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion, will make the call for drivers to start their engines to kick off the 146-lap race at the 1.5-mile speedway. Griffin is a former Georgia police officer who amassed a 19-7 mixed martial arts record during an illustrious and action-packed career that ran from 2001-12.
"It will be a thrill to serve as grand marshal of the DC Solar 350, and I can't wait to get out to Las Vegas Motor Speedway on Saturday," Griffin said. "I'm a huge fan of any sport that gets the blood pumping and adrenaline going, and NASCAR definitely does that. I'm looking forward to meeting the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series drivers and being a part of a great day of racing at the best outdoor sports venue in Las Vegas. It will be a blast!"
Griffin won the first season of "The Ultimate Fighter" TV show in 2005 and served as coach of "The Ultimate Fighter 7" against Quinton Jackson in 2008. Griffin won the UFC Light Heavyweight championship belt on July 5, 2008, with a unanimous decision win over Jackson, and many of his fights received Fight of the Night honors from the UFC.
Griffin's final fight was a unanimous-decision victory over Tito Ortiz on July 7, 2012, and he officially retired on May 26, 2013. Upon his retirement, UFC President Dana White announced that Griffin and Stephan Bonnar would be inducted into the UFC Hall of Fame on July 6, 2013.
While attending the University of Georgia, Griffin worked as a law enforcement officer for the Richmond County Sheriff's Office in Augusta, Ga., and a patrol officer with the University of Georgia police. Griffin graduated from UGA with a bachelor of arts in political science.
The green flag for the DC Solar 350 drops at 5:30 p.m., and fireworks will follow immediately after the checkered flag is waved at the conclusion of the race. Practice sessions are scheduled for 8:30-9:30 a.m. and 10-11 a.m., and qualifying begins at 3:10 p.m.
Race tickets are available online at LVMS.com or by calling 1-800-644-4444. All ticket buyers will have free access to the Neon Garage throughout the course of race | 604 |
Schools / Kids
Going the Private School Route: Our Lady of Sorrows
Here at The Village Green, we provide wall-to-wall coverage of the South Orange-<|fim_middle|> available. After-school enrichment is also offered.
Discounted tuition is available by pre-paying. Tuition varies by number of children enrolled in the school.
2014-15 Tuition:
Parishioner Non-Parishioner
One child $5,171 for a Parishioner; $7,350 for a Non-Parishioner
Two children $9,109 for a Parishioner; $14,490 for a Non-Parishioner
Three children $12,131 for a Parishioner; $20,974 for a Non-Parishioner
Our Lady of SorrowsOur Lady of Sorrows NurseryOur Lady of Sorrows South Orange
South Orange-Maplewood BOE Changes Approach to Committee Meetings...
Build Academic Confidence Early at Best in Class...
An Exciting Spring Semester Awaits at The South...
Columbia HS Fencing Team Alum, Zander Rhodes, Wins...
South Orange-Maplewood School District Shortens Isolation/Quarantine to 5... | Maplewood School District, which educates more than 6,600 children in the towns from kindergarten through 12th grade.
However, some local parents do choose other options for their children's education. Village Green is profiling those options. Previously, we featured Montclair-Kimberley Academy in Montclair, Far Brook School in Short Hills, the Pingry School in Short Hills and Basking Ridge, Newark Academy in Livingston, and St. Rose of Lima Academy in Short Hills.
This week, the focus is on Our Lady of Sorrows in South Orange.
Village Green will also be profiling individual schools in the South Orange-Maplewood School District.
172 Academy Street
South Orange NJ 07079
https://www.ourladyofsorrowsschool.org
Principal: Sister Judith Blair, S. C. C.
Motto: Work, Study, Pray and Preparing Today's Children for Tomorrow's Challenges
Our Lady of Sorrows School, known as "OLS," founded in 1890, serves students from Preschool through eighth grade. The Nursery at OLS, associated with the school and parish, provides childcare for infants and toddlers. OLS is staffed by the Sisters of Charity of Convent Station, as well as by lay teachers. The school is closely linked to Our Lady of Sorrows Catholic Church, including marking important holidays in the Christian calendar.
The school is overseen by the Archdiocese of Newark.
The Home-School Association plays a significant role in the school's life. Each family is expected to volunteer 15 hours each year or to pay $200 instead. Volunteer opportunities range from daytime assistance in the school library to organizing sporting and social events.
The school's curriculum correlates with the guidelines of the Archdiocese of Newark and of the New Jersey Core Curriculum Content Standards. The OLS athletic program boasts seven different sports for students, with opportunities to compete inter-scholastically.
Students at OLS wear uniforms from Kindergarten through eighth grade. Preschool students do not wear uniforms.
After-school care is | 431 |
Oh my gosh THIS BOOK! I loved so many things. Cat begins fishing because she's hoping it will be the key to relationships that matter to her, but then she falls in love with fishing. It becomes something she needs, an outlet and interest that's just for her. I absolutely identified with this whole emotional process because it's how I came to love fly fishing so much.
When my grandfather passed away, I watched my dad grieve and had this sudden realization that someday, I will be in his shoes. Someday he'll be gone. I'd grown up going out in the boat fishing with him, and I still treasure those memories. But at that point, I hadn't fished since I was maybe twelve or thirteen years old. So I decided to learn to fly fish, partly because it seemed more fun than lure fishing and partly because I wanted to spend more time with my dad, who also loves fly fishing.
Then I fell in<|fim_middle|>Readers who enjoyed ELSIE MAE HAS SOMETHING TO SAY by Nancy Cavanaugh or THE BENEFITS OF BEING AN OCTOPUS by Ann Braden absolutely need to read CATERPILLAR SUMMER.
Cat's mom (and grandparents) are white and her dad is black. She talks briefly about how sometimes people don't realize they're all the same family because of the difference in the way they look. Cat's brother has some sensory issues, and is maybe autistic (the story doesn't specify).
Note: I received a free copy of CATERPILLAR SUMMER in exchange for my honest review. This post contains affiliate links, which don't cost the reader anything when used. They help cover the costs of running this blog and occasionally provide an efficient caffeine delivery system for the blogger.
Tagged Bloomsbury USA Children's, Caterpillar Summer, fishing, fishing contest, Gillian McDunn, Grandparents, interracial family, interracial relationships, North Carolina, siblings, summer, Summer Vacation. Bookmark the permalink. | love with fishing all over again. And it's funny, I think that love for fishing has been as great a bond as the activity itself. It's really fun to have those shared experiences and moments together, but there's also something to having that passion and sharing in the excitement and celebration of a great day on the water, or the fight of bringing in a big fish.
Anyway, all that to say that CATERPILLAR SUMMER really captures those magical properties of fishing. The way it can make you fall in love with it, and the way it can bring people together. And the way it can be the thing you need without you knowing you needed it.
I think the relationships in the story are expertly done. Cat's relationship with her brother and the battle between her love for him, her fears about something happening to him, and the frustration and disappointment every time her own needs or desires get overlooked feel so real and understandable.
I love the quiet way Cat's grandmother notices the way Cat feels and eases some of the burden. She says something to Cat at one point about how keeping a family together can be a quiet kind of work– and it's exactly the validation Cat needs at that moment. She realizes she has an ally and that someone really sees her.
Cat's grandfather, too, is an amazing character. Gruff and distant at first, but such a tender heart underneath all of that. And I love that it's nature walks and fishing that bring him and Cat together and help them open their hearts to one another.
The progression of Cat's relationship with her mom is powerful, too. Cat has to find real courage to speak up, to voice things she knew her mom wouldn't want to hear. She risks disappointing or angering her, both of which Cat really fears.
I feel like I could go on and on about this book. So many things about it are so well done and really resonated with me. I hope CATERPILLAR SUMMER gets the awards and recognition it's due. I know it will go on my shelf as one of my treasured books, one I'm sure I'll go back and read again and again.
| 442 |
Saad readies for World Challenge
Brandon Saad leads the Phantoms in goals scored with 11.
When the Mahoning Valley Phantoms host the Alpena IceDiggers this weekend, they'll do so without the services of team's leading goal-scorer Brandon Saad, as he will be in British Columbia playing for Team USA at the 2009 World Under-17 Challenge.
The event runs from Dec. 29 through Jan. 4.
Team USA head coach John Hynes says Saad is a perfect fit for Team USA at the Challenge.
"We're looking forward to having Brandon on our team," said H<|fim_middle|> Challenge welcomes 10 teams, including five Canadian regional teams (Pacific, West, Atlantic, Ontario and Quebec) and the United States, Germany, Slovakia, Finland and Russia.
The U.S. National Under-17 Team has won the tournament twice (2001, 2002) in the 13 years it has participated. Team USA is coming off of back-to-back second-place finishes at the Challenge.
The Phantoms, meanwhile, open a two-game series with Alpena on Sunday at the Chevrolet Centre. The puck will drop for the North Division contest at 7:15 p.m. | ynes, who also serves as head coach of the U.S. Under-17 Team. "He's a very good player who's playing style and character are what we're looking for when adding players for a major international event."
Saad, from Gibsonia, Pa., currently leads the Phantoms with 11 goals and is second on the team in scoring with 18 points.
The World Under-17 Hockey | 88 |
Tech Transforms
Von Carolyn Ford entdeckt von Player FM und unserer Community - Das Urheberrecht hat der Herausgeber, nicht Player FM, und die Audiodaten werden direkt von ihren Servern gestreamt. Tippe auf Abonnieren um Updates in Player FM zu verfolgen oder füge die URL in andere Podcast Apps ein.
Tech Transforms « »
DevOps: Pushed by Circumstance or Pulled by a Dream, with Tracy Bannon
Tracy Bannon Senior Principal / Software Architect & DevOps Strategic Advisor at MITRE and ambassador for the DevOps Institute talks through the original DevOps timeline. Join as Carolyn and guest host Steve Mazzuca find out what happens when Dev fraternizes with Ops.
Episode Table of Contents
[00:48] DevOps Strategic Advisor and Ambassador
[10:34] Respected DevOps
[18:35] The DevOps Pipeline
[24:05] DevOps Institute
Episode Links and Resources
DevOps Strategic Advisor and Ambassador
Carolyn: Today, I have Steve Mazucca or The Mas as I like to call him, co-hosting with me. It's always fun to have a conversation with you Steve. The hard part is going to be getting you to be quiet, so we can get our guest Tracy Bannon. He is Senior Principal, Software Architect and DevOps Strategic Advisor at MITRE, as well as an ambassador for the DevOps Institute. So welcome Tracy.
Tracy: I'm thrilled to be here today. It's always fun to have these conversations.
Carolyn: You are a striking woman with pink hair and you were in development, which makes you in my mind, kind of a unicorn. I would really love to hear your story.
Tracy: I'll start with the pink hair and go backwards from there. I've had little bits of color in my hair for years. My mom was an art teacher. My dad's more on the math and the sciences side of it. I kind of have that left brain, right brain, need to express myself. Over probably the last two or three years, as I've been doing more remote work, I was having more fun with the pink and decided that it's the pandemic. Let's stretch things a little bit more. I'm just loving it. So that's a little bit about that piece of it.
But as for me being a woman in technology, I actually like to come at it in reverse. To say that I'm a real technologist and not say I'm a woman technologist. It matters, but it doesn't matter. What's important to me, is I've always been so interested in tech.
A Woman Developer
Tracy: Someone asked me, "When was the first time you realized that you liked computers and that you were into computers?" It's a long story, but I'll make it very short. I can remember building a computer out of a box and cutting and putting mag tapes on the outside. Yes, I just told you how old I was. And arguing with my brother on who got to sit inside it and be the brains. So I remember being real and I couldn't read yet. I remember that very vividly. It goes a long way back.
Carolyn: Did you end up being the brains?
Tracy: Yes I did. I happened to be a little bit bigger than him. Even though he's two years older, I happened to have the weight advantage. As for being a woman developer, I've always been in tech. I never thought anything about the makeup of the team. That's because I always tagged around with my older brother and his buddies. I considered myself one of the guys. One of the gang would be a better way to put it. I realized about midway through my career that there was a little bit of uniqueness to it. As I would look around the room, I would be the only woman on the team.
Now, occasionally there would be fantastic women involved, more on the database side of things, who had grown into that. Very few from a development perspective. We did see<|fim_middle|> a little bit more." It causes a little bit of tension back and forth. But Steve, you bring up a really good point. I think about DevOps in specific. On the defense side, I jokingly say that they like the term DevSecOps.
But it's really DevSec, pause, wait, there's some other things going on, then SecOps. So the idea that we see of that infinity loop, right the figure eight, for there to be constant and continual feedback from the war fighter, from the constituency, to the developer. It's more difficult because there are different groups that are in charge of it.
I don't mean a guy in the other room is in charge of operations, versus me here in charge of Dev. They may be contractually a different part, they may be totally a different part of the service. Think about deploying onto a Naval vessel. Ops, there is a lot different than Ops that would be CONUS. Continental US sitting right beside me. It does have some pretty different challenges and is not insurmountable.
There's so much goodness that we should be looking at North Star to Steve's point. What's happening in commercials and then, what's my problem? What is the actual thing I'm trying to do? Then looking at commercials and saying, "What applies here? And what could be tailored? What could be improved and brought in?"
The DevOps Pipeline
Tracy: As opposed to, I'm going to go do what they did over here. I always use the example and it's trite at this point because so many people have heard it. But we're not just going to Netflix this. It's not just 50 releases a day. If I'm putting software onto a tank, if I'm putting it onto a jet, I'm not going to release 50 times a day. I may release a couple of times a week, but not 50 times a day. And so, there's economies of scale and things to learn with that.
Carolyn: I want to go back to that feedback loop that you talked about. Have you seen an agency that does that really well or a group? We don't even have to name names. Because just what you said, putting those software releases onto a tank, where we're talking about lives on the line. You need feedback from the guys operating it. Have you been in situations where that's just really smooth and they figured it out as a well-oiled machine?
Tracy: Yes, at scale. Not as much, but definitely there're amazing pockets of goodness. If I think about the things that are happening within the Air Force, if I think about things that are happening within the Navy and specific things with the Space Force, there are some fantastic loops that are going on. It depends on what the type of software is.
Also, it depends on what has to be done for fielding it ahead of time. There're policies and procedures that are in place, that would say I can't take that code that Tracy wrote. That she committed, that it was unit tested, that it automatically went through all of those things that we think of as the DevSecOps pipeline.
An Operational Fielding Exercise
Tracy: It actually has to go through an operational fielding exercise, before it could actually go into a war protection type scenario. Think of it like when people talk about the sequence and getting to pre-production. A lot of things happen in a beautiful figure eight up to this pre-production. Then there's one additional step, which is to live in the field. It's almost as though you have the figure eight and then another little punctuation off to the side. Steve, is that your experience too?
Steve: I think so. You differentiate when we think of war fighters, we always go right away to the weapon system to the plane or the tank. And now those software engines are a little bit different than all of the other business systems that are still out there. The vast majority of software being developed for them is still through the software batteries. It's really more about the business logistics of doing everything else. Not necessarily command and control that the missile fly straight, that's being done at a very discreet kind of lab oriented.
But everything else, which at least looks on the surface anyway, with all of these software factories, the government is trying to move faster in that it embraces the CIT, the pipeline, and does more things in the Cloud. So yes, I'm encouraged by it. There's still a little bit of a disconnect between the CIC of the pipeline and then the ATO process. There is always this big Cloud around the ATO process, which does put a monkey wrench into things. Because every time you change any aspect, could we have broken something that could cause a security vulnerability?
The Purpose of Doing DevOps
Steve: How do we get around that? How do we make that faster?
Tracy: There's so much goodness that's happening now, to focus on CATO, Continuous ATO, the authorization to operate. It's a good debate on how real that CATO is, the ATO process as well as a platform that's underneath it. Then the thing that you need to look at and audit and be super focused on, is what's moving across the top of the Delta and the change? But that means that your pipeline needs to have a tremendous amount of auditability. Instantaneous audit ability throughout that process.
The RMF process in and of itself, is a good and strong framework. What's difficult, is helping the cyber professionals become part of the earlier parts of the design. I did a Navy project, I guess this was about two and a half years ago. And I really learned so much about the RMF process during that.
RMF, it's a Risk Management Framework. It is a way that you assess and evaluate a project, or a system, or a product before it goes to production.
Normally, the feed into RMF is that you have all of the designs complete, all of the boundaries, all of the information flows, everything complete. I thought I had a brilliant idea that I said, "Okay, guys, I've been hanging out during DevOps things. Not for the purpose of doing DevOps, but I've been leveraging those capabilities for many years, to take systems into production." I have horizontal teams, I want transparency for anybody who's involved in this. Hey, you RMF guys, those folks are going to work on our ATO, come on back here.
Three-Week Sprints
Tracy: You guys can get access at the end of every one of our cycles. We had them involved at the end of every sprint. There were three-week sprints. I found that they had a heck of a time looking at anything... | some spikes in industry, we saw that. But we're seeing that decline recently. But across my career, I tend to come at it that I'm a technologist. If you need to give me an adjective, make it real, instead of woman. But that's a little bit about me.
A Technologist at DevOps Who Happens to Be a Woman
Carolyn: I love that you want to take the emphasis off women. That you're a technologist, you're a developer and you happen to be a woman. You're often the only woman in the room. I'm often the only woman in the room and it will be a room of many people. But I do love that you've always just thought of yourself this way. What was your first development? Well, what was your first job actually?
Tracy: First paying job, was actually a lifeguard, but we won't go that far back. If we go forward, I worked throughout college in different corporate settings, always related to technology. When I graduated, I actually was independent before anybody was doing anything independent. And then it happened on my way into the engineering department at AccuWeather. My husband and I were already married and he was in operation. You can tell there was a little bit of, hey, take a look at this resume. That helped get me in the door in a very heavily male-populated tech group.
Yes, we were both within AccuWeather. That's actually a segue to a fun story. He's in operations, I'm in engineering. You could actually say that we're the original DevOps because we've been married for a couple of decades now before we said DevOps. So something would happen with engineering and they would call because there was a production problem. They would call him and he would realize that we had talked about something that week. Dinner time chatter.
Debugging Things Together at DevOps
Tracy: He'd say, "Didn't you guys roll out a change to XYZ." I say, "Oh yes." "Can you open up a window?" It wasn't a browser at that point. "Can you open up a window, let's take a look. We need to look at this queue or this record or this log." And we would end up debugging things together. They started to no longer just call and ask for him. They'd call the Bannon house because they would get both of us to solve a problem, it was really cool.
That showed me how important it was that I was writing software that could be operated, could be managed, could be maintained, could be debugged. It also taught him how important it was to give me access. I didn't have to have right access. But I needed to be able to check the cues. I needed to be able to look at these different things. That started me having that fraternizing with Ops. I've always been an advocate of having Ops at the table, even before. Well, before we coined that wonky phrase DevOps.
Steve: When did we start coming out with that? Is that Gene Kim, is he famous for that? Or is that even before Gene Kim, as far as when he started coming out with that?
Tracy: It was before Gene, but I cannot remember the fellow's name off-hand. I'd have to Google it. It strikes me that it's Patrick something. It wasn't that long ago. Maybe in 2011, 2012, somewhere in that, he made a comment about it. It really resonated with folks.
Tracy: Gene was brilliant to realize that it's a true and valuable story. He started really to table pound to get the message out and started this. I'll call it an evolution. I hate the revolution thing. But he started us evolving and thinking about it.
Steve: It's certainly come a long way. You and I obviously have done a lot of work together over the years and a couple of different iterations across government. I've only known you supporting the government, but I know you did some other things before. How long have you supported the federal government? I don't actually know that story.
Tracy: Federal 2015. Not that long, not an entire career focused on the federal government. But I was working across state governments starting in 1999.
Carolyn: Is it really, really different to be a state versus federal?
Tracy: There are parallels and there are differences. In the federal government, we have a mandate on citizenship. You don't have the same mandates for a state-level data center. I can have a foreign nationals, I can have different types of folks coming in with different types of visas, to be able to support that. That's starting to grow and evolve and change. The policies are much stricter at the federal level and the size.
Some of the biggest states are similar to some of the smallest federal agencies. But think about the economies of scale. It's just that much bigger at the federal level. In defense, not a whole lot of defense at the state level. That's probably the most interesting, different mission that I've been involved with.
Respected DevOps
Tracy: Being involved on the public sector side of the government, the civilian side of the federal government, that's where Steve and I got to know each other. It was with the IRS and treasury and around that side of it. Changing the focus more into defense has been very humbling just because of the sheer complexity. Think about NATO with 30 different nations involved in technical decisions and discussions and the complexities that come with them. It's just mind-boggling.
Carolyn: Just think of communication alone. Being able to communicate across all those different groups, it breaks my head. Can you think of any use cases between state government, federal government vice versa? A best practice that one should pick up from the other.
Tracy: Leading practices abound across both of them. Whether it is with respected DevOps, whether it's with respect to leveraging AI and ML, to improve. One of the things that I'm seeing in both places. I experienced this first with the state of Colorado and that was embracing Cloud. This was multiple years ago, they looked at it and this was one particular agency. They said, "In order for us to be secure enough, we actually need to go to the Cloud." Now that seems to be the opposite of what people think about right now.
Oh no, we don't want to go to the Cloud. That could be a breach. But they looked at it from an economics perspective and said, "For us to have the same number of professionals, with the same level of training, with the same SLAs, with the same contractual obligation to keep us safe, would cost us this many millions. Hundreds of millions."
A Part of the Opportunity
Tracy: Where if I have that through my contract with a provider like Salesforce or Service Now, or AWS, or Google, any of them, I have that out of the box. I have that as part of it. For the most part, I have that as a part of the opportunity. That's one thing that I saw the states do a little bit before the federal government. I'd say the federal government is tighter in its cyber practice, absolutely. Tighter in its cyber practice, but it's like any technology. It's not about the tech, it's about how we apply it. So how about we go about problem-solving. We do a lot of things in the commercial space. I did a lot of commercial work.
The commercial is a little less fettered. They're not as tethered to what the policies and the bureaucracy can be. Federal bureaucracy is a little more impacted by the administration changes. Trying to think of what the acronym was the other day. Somebody was joking with me. Instead of meantime to recover MTTR as a DevOps, it was a meantime to command change. It was MTTC or MTCC. Because you can figure out how much disruption was going to happen, and that's something very different.
The states have much more continuity with their technology leadership in specific, than I see in the federal space. The defense definitely, because of the time you do rotations, you may be there for six months, a year, or two years. You see it more in this less civilian side, less frequently. But still the federal is much more changeover, than I see at the state level.
The Challenge With DoD
Carolyn: The defense, Mas, that's your world. I could see a little bit of two things with that command change. Fresh eyes, means fresh ideas. Also, it feels like it could be a huge setback.
Steve: The other challenge with DoD that we run into is it's everything about the network edge security. Everybody is commercial and never gone in civilian, not all a bunch of places, but the vast majority is civilian. We're using the public internet, we're using everything that's out there. They have access to everything that is commercially sound. In defense, it starts with, we don't have what we don't have access to. You start with what you don't have access to and you've got to build off from there.
The problems are obviously incrementally different. But the problem is also we can't take advantage of a lot of things that we can. We have to constantly fight that battle on both. As technology advisers, we have to go in there with that understanding that we're talking about solutions and products and technologies that sometimes you can't utilize all of the capability. Can we utilize enough to actually make a difference in your mission? Even beyond the fact that the kernels aren't going to be rotating in and out correct.
Tracy: It's interesting. There's always an opportunity for those fresh eyes to come in and infuse a lot of new energy and thought. But that depending on how large a program is, it takes them maybe a year to 18 months, to really hit stride. And so, there's a lot of churn that can happen during that time. Sometimes you'll see that folks will entrench themselves like, oh no, there's a change of leadership coming. I'm going to stay the course.
Specific Thing About DevOps
Tracy: While there's a leader that's talking about this amazing different type of infusing, of innovation, those in the trenches are saying, "Okay, I'm going to stay the course until we figure out how this solidifies, or how it plays out | 2,180 |
A little bit of everything for the many different types of Book Lovers!!
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Every time I hear the word "Disney" it seems so magical to me. It's a place where I can be a kid again no matter what age I am. My very first visit to Disneyland was 25 years ago when I was in junior high. I still remember parts of what it looked like back then. I recently visited Disneyland for my second time this past week for their Diamond Celebration. Although the park has changed quite a bit there were still bits and pieces of the park that was the same and that I remembered as a kid.
Can you believe that Disneyland has been creating magical smiles throughout the world for 60 years? I would have love to sit down with Walt Disney on that very same bench that he sat on and talk with him about the park to learn more.
Since Walt could not be with us, we had some knowledgeable guides take us on a tour of the park with some valuable information.
Throughout the park you will find diamonds everywhere from our lunch containers, decorations in the park, and over 500 special Diamond Celebration items in the gift shops.
While we were having lunch some special guests arrived for a photo opp that I could not resist having fun with. Dressed up in their Diamond Celebration Attire was Mickey, Minnie, and Goofy.
Even though I am not a talented artist myself, I could watch one draw all day. This lovely lady was drawing some famous characters to raffle off during our lunch.
We first stopped at the Tomorrowland ride that was created from the movie Tomorrowland featuring George Clooney, Thomas Robinson, and Raffey Cassidy. This ride is a retro rocket ride that spins you around the orbs of the solar system in Tomorrowland.
Do you remember the part in the movie where Thomas<|fim_middle|> fireworks and music tell a story with different scenes from different Disney movies. These 2 shows are ones you don't want to miss!
Don't forget to grab some ice cream before these 2 shows at the Gibson Girl Ice Cream Parlor on Main Street. It is a real trip to eat ice cream while watching the shows and their ice cream is delicious.
Check out this video that pretty much sums up my day at Disneyland. You can make your own too at http://www.mydisneylandvideo.com/.
I could go on forever about Disneyland's Diamond Celebration but you should experience it for yourself. Visit Disneyland.com for more information on the park and how to make your trip magical.
Disclosure: Disney provided me with an all expense paid trip to LA to the #TomorrowlandBloggers #AladdinBloggers & #Disneyland60 Events. All opinions are 100% mine and not influenced in any way. | Robinson goes on "It's a Small World" ride? We got a chance to take a photo opp in the very same boat he sat in for the film. And after the photo opp we took a ride on "It's a Small World". The ride has changed since I have been there as they have added some Disney characters such as The Little Mermaid, Buzz, Woody, Lilo, Stitch, and more singing "It's a Small World" of course.
The rest of the day we enjoyed rides throughout the park as it was a perfect day. The park was decked out in Halloween decorations along with the diamonds. Several rides I went on were Radiator Springs Racer, Soarin', Indiana Jones, Astro Blasters, Haunted Mansion, and the Matterhorn Bobsleds just to name a few.
Be sure to check out The Haunted Mansion as it is decked out for the Holidays through January.
At the end of the night you cannot leave without seeing the "Paint the Night" LED parade that goes down Main Street and the fireworks above the castle. There are more than 1.5 million lights displayed at the parade on the floats. You will find your favorite characters from Frozen, Monsters Inc., Cars, and more.
During the fireworks show you will see projections on the castle along with characters flying around it. The | 273 |
The Magic World of Orson Welles
James Naremore
Publisher: University of Illinois Press
Prodigy. Iconoclast. Genius. Exile. Orson Welles remains one of the most discussed figures in cinematic history. James Naremore presents a revised third edition of his incomparable study, including a new section on the unfinished film The Other Side of the Wind . Naremore analyzes the political and psychological implications of the films, Welles's idiosyncratic style, and the biographical details--both playful and vexing--that impacted the works. Itself a historic film study, The Magic World of Orson Welles unlocks the soaring art and quixotic methods of a master.
James Naremore is Chancellor's Professor Emeritus at Indiana University and author of The Magic World of Orson Welles, Acting in the Cinema, More than Night: Film Noir in Its Contexts, On Kubrick,...
Brutus - Caesar's Assassin
Kirsty Corrigan
The extraordinary life of the "noblest Roman of them all." Although Marcus Junius Brutus is one of the most famous, or infamous, conspirators of Rome and the ancient world, if not of all time, knowledge of this historical figure has principally been passed to the modern world through the literary medium of Shakespeare's tragedy, Julius Caesar. Furthermore, any interest in Brutus has tended to focus only on events surrounding his most legendary act: Caesar's murder. This biography instead considers Brutus in his historical context, gathering details from ancient evidence and piecing together, as much as possible, his whole life. While his actions played a pivotal role in Roman history, ultimately, although completely unintentionally, bringing about the downfall of the Roman republic, Brutus has often been neglected. Indeed, he has rarely been considered on his own merits, instead featuring as part of the biographies and studies of other leading political figures of the time, especially those of Julius Caesar, Cicero, and Octavian. As the first dedicated biography in over thirty years, this full and balanced reconsideration of this significant Roman republican is long overdue.
America's First Daughter - A Novel
Stephanie Dray, Laura Kamoie
THE NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER
In a compelling, richly researched novel that draws from thousands of letters and original sources, bestselling authors Stephanie Dray and Laura Kamoie tell the fascinating, untold story of Thomas Jefferson's eldest daughter, Martha "Patsy" Jefferson Randolph—a woman who kept the secrets of our most enigmatic founding father and shaped an American legacy.
From her earliest days, Patsy Jefferson knows that though her father loves his family dearly, his devotion to his country runs deeper still. As Thomas Jefferson's oldest daughter, she becomes his helpmate, protector, and constant companion in the wake of her mother's death, traveling with him when he becomes American minister to France.
It is in Paris, at the glittering court and among the first tumultuous days of revolution, that fifteen-year-old Patsy learns about her father's troubling liaison with Sally Hemings, a slave girl her own age. Meanwhile, Patsy has fallen in love—with her father's protégé William Short, a staunch abolitionist and ambitious diplomat. Torn between love, principles, and the bonds of family, Patsy questions whether she can choose a life as William's wife and still be a devoted daughter.
Her choice will follow her in the years to come, to Virginia farmland, Monticello, and even the White House. And as scandal, tragedy, and poverty threaten her family, Patsy must decide how much she will sacrifice to protect her father's reputation, in the process defining not just his political legacy, but that of the nation he founded.
Thomas T. Noguchi, Joseph DiMona
America's most controversial medical examiner explores the unanswered questions surrounding the deaths of Marilyn Monroe, Robert F. Kennedy, Sharon Tate, Janis J<|fim_middle|> with Ann's signature art style• Filled with radical clothing choices that defined their timeLooks include the Flapper Dress, the unofficial outfit of women's independence in the 1920s; the Afro, worn as a symbol of black beauty, power, and pride; the Cone Bra, donned by Madonna in her 1989 power anthem "Express Yourself"; and the Dissent Collar, Ruth Bader Ginsburg's famous signifier for when she disagrees with the majority.With stunning and vibrant illustrations, this is a treasure for anyone who wants to defy style norms and rewrite the rules. • An insightful look at the intersection of fashion statements and historical female power• Perfect for fans of Ann Shen, as well as anyone who loves fashion, feminism, and political consciousness• You'll love this book if you love books like Women In Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed The World by Rachel Ignotofsky; Strong Is the New Pretty: A Celebration Of Girls Being Themselves by Kate T. Parker; and Women Who Dared: 52 Stories Of Fearless Daredevils, Adventurers, And Rebels by Linda Skeers.
Introducing Stephen Hawking - A...
J.P. McEvoy
'An ideal introduction [to Stephen Hawking]' - Independent
'Astonishingly comprehensive - clearer than Hawking himself' - Focus
Stephen Hawking was a world-famous physicist with a cameo in The Simpsons on his CV, but outside of his academic field his work was little understood. To the public he was a tragic figure - a brilliant scientist and author of the 9 million-copy-selling A Brief History of Time, and yet spent the majority of his life confined to a wheelchair and almost completely paralysed.
Hawking's major contribution to science was to integrate the two great theories of 20th-century physics: Einstein's General Theory of Relativity and Quantum Mechanics.
J.P. McEvoy and Oscar Zarate's brilliant graphic guide explores Hawking's life, the evolution of his work from his days as a student, and his breathtaking discoveries about where these fundamental laws break down or overlap, such as on the edge of a Black Hole or at the origin of the Universe itself. | oplin, William Holden, Natalie Wood, John Belushi, and many of his other important casesNow, for the first time, Dr. Noguchi recounts his colorful and stormy career, explains his innovative techniques, and reveals the full story behind his most fascinating investigations.In Coroner, Dr. Noguchi sheds new light on his most controversial cases—controversies that persist even today:—How did Natalie Wood spend the last terrifying moments of her life?—Did Marilyn Monroe commit suicide or were the drugs that killed her injected into her body by someone else?—Did Sirhan Sirhan or another gunman fire the bullet that killed Robert Kennedy?—How could the knives used in the murder of Sharon Tate be identified and traced to the Manson gang if they were never found?—What were the real circumstances behind the drug-related death of Janis Joplin?—Were Patty Hearst's kidnappers victims of police brutality or of their own revolutionary zeal?—How and why did William Holden die?—Was John Belushi murdered?These are just some of the questions answered in this powerful, gutsy book written by the real-life "Quincy," with co-author Joseph DiMona.
My Scientology Story - The True...
Diana Dudas
One of the most commonly asked questions about Scientology is this: how can a person of sound mind believe any of it and fall into this very amateurish-looking trap? Why does it seem so valuable that people sacrifice all their energy, time and money for this system, which seems suspicious even at first glance? And how can such a seemingly primitive scam still exist after almost 70 years?
The initial question is answered by the shocking story of Diana Dudas.
The book was first published on March 21, 2019 in Hungary and judging from the responses received so far, it rapidly became a readers' favourite and a source of inspiration to many. In addition to a heart-wrenching story, which is presented in gripping detail, the book also contains a detailed and precise description of the everyday life of a Scientologist. As one reviewer put it: "her radiant, brave and iron-willed personality and her unique storytelling style infuse the entire novel and make it a real page-turner".
The reader will have a better understanding of the whys and wherefores by following her along her path in Scientology.This book is recommended to anyone who would like to better understand the inner workings of this so-called church. Especially those people who want to takea stand against this sophisticated, well-established system that is dripping with malice. There is no great arsenal of effective weapons to fight it, but one of them is knowledge, through gaining a thorough understanding of the monster one faces.
Nevertheless She Wore It - 50...
Ann Shen
From the creator of the bestselling Bad Girls Throughout History!Celebrated illustrator and author Ann Shen shares her striking study of history's most iconic styles, and the women who changed the world while wearing them.From the revolutionary bikini to the presidential pantsuit, this book explores 50 fashions through bold paintings and insightful anecdotes that empower readers to make their own fashion statements.• Demonstrates the power of fashion as a political and cultural tool for making change• Brilliantly illustrated | 675 |
Seat: 1<|fim_middle|> | 5-1/2", 16-1/2", 17-1/2", Maroon glove tan.
Floral corners and rope tooled border. Light Chocolate seat jockey and fenders with cut-away skirts and long leather strings.
Trim: Engraved Silver conchos with Jeweler's Bronze Rope edge.
Stirrups: 1" Steel Oxbow, leather covered and hand laced.
The Helena Ranch Cutter is the newest in Saddlesmith's new line of Ranch Cutting saddles. The oversized cut-away skirts are accented with hand stamped Basket tooling with Floral corners and rope border. The extra heavy Stainless dee rigging features dropped front dees for less bulk and closer contact. Engraved Silver conchos with Jeweler's Bronze rope edge and long leather strings add to this saddle's Cowboy appeal.
The Ft. Worth Cutter incorporates the most popular cutter designs ever built.The long, flat seat allows the rider to move his weight from front to rear while maintaining perfect balance with the horse. The tall horn is easy to grip for additional balance and the special narrow Cutter fenders are designed to give the horse and rider every possible advantage for training and showing. | 244 |
Way back in the mists of 2016 I was commissioned to create a new online presence for London Finex a two day conference held at the Geological Society in London, hosted by MinSouth (the local group of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining), the Mineral Deposits Study Group of the Geological Society and the Association of Mining Analysts.
Being familiar with the WordPress platform the team behind the conference<|fim_middle|> template views for the custom post types behind the scenes. The project also gave me the opportunity to take the Amazon Web Services platform for a spin, I must say it was simple to get going and the dedicated virtual machine really makes the site fly! | wanted a site built around the blogging platform that would allow them to manage the conference programme and to provide registration facilities allowing guests to purchase conference tickets via PayPal. And, once the conference was complete, to disseminate conference videos and slides online.
Built using the WordPress platform the site is fully response thanks to the Solid Grid css framework and makes judicious use of the Toolset plugin to provide | 77 |
Why You Should Watch
Compo and Nora
> Last of The Summer Wine
> Roy Clarke Profile
Roy Clarke Profile
Find out more about the creator of Last Of The Summer Wine and Open All Hours.
Born in Yorkshire on 28 January 1930, Roy Clarke loved books from an early age and always knew he wanted to be a writer. However, he actually spent his early adulthood as a soldier and also tried stints in the 1950s as a policeman, teacher, salesman and taxi driver. Writing in his spare time, Roy soon began having plays accepted by BBC Radio. He established a reputation and graduated to TV in the late 60s, writing for various drama serials.
The big break
Roy's life changed forever in 1972, when he was invited by the BBC to write Last of the Summer Wine, a new sitcom about the exploits of three old men. Roy was initially daunted by the project, doubting his ability to find humour in the lives<|fim_middle|> is 1984's The Clairvoyant, which featured Roy Kinnear as a salesman who thinks he's developed psychic powers. Or has he? Not many viewers cared to find out... Did you know?
Despite penning numerous other projects, Roy has been the sole writer of every single edition of Last of the Summer Wine since it began in 1973 - that's over 200 episodes and specials to date!
Although his sitcoms feature over-the-top characters embarking on crazy pursuits, Roy claims it all pales in comparison to reality. "The irritating thing is that life is far more extravagant," he once said. "After all, things happen in real life which no writer could get away with." | of pensioners. "It was when I realised that three old men could have the same thoughts as three young men that the comic element surfaced," he later explained.
Summer Wine would have been a career peak for most writers, but Roy had a couple more masterpieces up his sleeves. Inspired by his own childhood experiences working in a corner shop, Open All Hours was an instant TV classic and yet another milestone arrived in 1990 with Keeping Up Appearances. Hyacinth 'Bouquet' soon proved to be a comic archetype to rank alongside Fawlty and Mainwaring.
Career lows
Not all Roy's sitcoms are well-remembered today. Despite starring Ronnie Barker as a witty, flamboyant photographer working in rural Wales, the 1984 sitcom The Magnificent Evans never made it past a first series. Also forgotten | 175 |
The name Wolfgang Puck is synonymous with the best of restaurant hospitality and the ultimate in culinary arts.<|fim_middle|> budgets. The restaurant offers creative salads, wood-oven baked pizzas, handmade pastas, enticing entrees and meats grilled over hard wood.
Each L.A. LIVE business determines their own rules regarding validation. Please call the business directly to inquire about the terms for parking validation. View a parking map.
*Hours subject to change due to concert/event schedule at L.A. LIVE, it's recommended to call ahead for those hours. | The legendary chef has built a gastronomic empire that spans coast to coast. At Wolfgang Puck Bar & Grill, Puck teams with preeminent designer Tony Chi to bring guests his take on modernized "Bar & Grill" cuisine.
Guests can find Puck's signature comfort food with a variety of inventive dishes drawing inspiration from his renowned fine dining restaurants ranging in price to accommodate varying | 78 |
Effective stress concept is valid<|fim_middle|> | only for normal stress σ, since the shear stress τ is not transferred by the water so that it is effective. The total stress is determined using the basic tools of theoretical mechanics, the effective stress is then determined as a difference between the total stress and neutral (pore) pressure (i.e. always by calculation, it can never be measured). Pore pressures are determined using laboratory or in-situ testing or by calculation. To decide whether to use the total or effective stresses is no simple. The following table may provide some general recommendations valid for majority of cases. We should realize that the total stress depends on the way the soil is loaded by its self weight and external effects. As for the pore pressure we assume that for flowing pore water the pore equals to hydrodynamic pressure and to hydrostatic pressure otherwise. For partial saturated soils with higher degree of it is necessary to account for the fact that the pore pressure evolves both in water and air bubbles. | 191 |
Secret Margate
Author: Andy Bull
The seaside town of Margate in Kent has based its livelihood on the sea since its beginnings. It was one of the first places to be developed as a seaside resort in the Georgian era. Margate's sandy beaches became popular with Londoners first with the advent of steam packets in 1815 and even more so after the railways arrived later in the nineteenth century. The changing pattern of holidaying in the UK led to a decline in the fortunes of Margate in the latter years of the twentieth century, but in recent times the town has seen an upsurge including new developments such as the Turner Contemporary Gallery.
In this book author Andy Bull reveals the hidden history of Margate, from the foundation of the world's first sea-bathing hospital and the playground of Regency royalty, to the creation of Dreamland. This town has been the haunt of artists, writers and actors, and boasts the most haunted theatre in the country and the first modern bungalow. Secret Margate explores the lesser-known episodes and characters of the town through the centuries, and will appeal to all those with an interest in the history of this town in Kent.
By using this form you agree with the storage and handling of your data by Amber<|fim_middle|>Jarrow Murders and Misdemeanours
Natasha Windham
Anna, Duchess of Cleves
Heather R. Darsie | ley Publishing Holdings Limited.
Top 5 Sellers
Climbing the Seven Volcanoes
Sophie Cairns
Roman Britain and Where to Find It
Denise Allen, Mike Bryan with Foreword by Ben Kane
Derelict Britain
Simon Sugden with Foreword by Chris Gaffney
| 62 |
One night camping on the top of Triund.
All meals (1 Breakfast, 1 Veg Lunch, Evening Snacks & 1 Dinner Veg/Non veg).
Reach Shiv Shakti Guest House, Dharamkot. Reporting time 9:30 AM Sharp.
Packed Lunch will be distributed.
Ascend would take about 4-5 hours uphill trek to hit the camps with tea breaks.
It's worth considering the small little cafes we'd stop by on the route & also grabbing the photo opportunities that'd make this journey even more memorable however this will stretch the trek time by about an hour<|fim_middle|> of the cafes.
Camping in Triund on sharing basis.
Three Meals and snacks in the evening. | or two.
Reach Camp Site around 4:30 PM.
Free time to enjoy & capture breath taking photographs.
Enjoy magical sunset. It is one of the best sunsets that you are going to see in your lifetime.
Dinner under the cover of stars.
Meals: Packed Lunch (Generally we give Sandwich, Chocolate, Biscuits, Juice and a fruit), Snacks in the evening and Veg / Non Veg Dinner.
Nutritious Breakfast will be served to energies you for descend.
Descend will start around 10:00AM.
Reach Shiv Shakti Guest House around 3:00 PM.
After that you are free to explore the local market. Chill, sit and relax in one | 148 |
OPMA elects Molly Patton Marsh as president
Danielle Pesta| January 15, 2020
Molly Patton Marsh and outgoing president of the OPMA, Kurt Scherzinger. PHOTO: OPMA
The Ohio Pest Management Association (OPMA) elected Molly Patton Marsh as president at the group's Winter Meeting. She succeeds Kurt Scherzinger, Scherzinger Pest Control, who held the position for two years.
Marsh is the second woman to hold this position<|fim_middle|>This article is tagged with Kurt Scherzinger, Ohio, OPMA, Patton Pest Control, Scherzinger and posted in News
About the Author: Danielle Pesta
Danielle Pesta is the digital editor for PMP magazine. She can be reached at dpesta@northcoastmedia.net or 216-363-7928.
2 Comments on "OPMA elects Molly Patton Marsh as president"
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Jopestkil Kenya Pest Control says:
Nice post. It is extra important for everyone to get involved and become part of the management in the firm, so they can help to direct their own future in the pest management industry. Pest control industry is a wider field to manage with single person instead it requires an organized team of professionals.
Pest Fumigator says:
Nice to learn this. I welcome you Molly for your hard work ever. Get to know more of this industry. | . The first woman president of the OPMA was the late Bettie Portwood, former owner of TNT Exterminating, in 1971.
After working at her family's business, Patton Pest Control, Chagrin Falls, Ohio, every summer during college, Marsh graduated and came back to work full time as a technician. Marsh has been in the industry full time for more than 15 years and currently serves as CEO of Patton Pest Control.
She is the third generation from her family to serve as president of the OPMA following John R. Patton, who served in 1972, and John S. Patton, who served in 1986.
Marsh is also previous president of the Greater Cleveland Pest Control Association, a position she held for eight years.
The 2020 OPMA Board of Directors. PHOTO: OPMA
Molly Patton-Marsh, the elected president of OPMA. PHOTO: OPMA
After being elected, Marsh said thanked many people for encouraging her during her career.
She recognized people who she said shaped her personal and professional growth, sharing why it is important to be involved in organizations like the OPMA.
She also thanked her husband, Mike, and their two kids, Michael and Matthew. "(They motivate) me to provide a better life for them … to help ensure the family business will be around for them to take over some day, if that is their dream to do so," she said.
Marsh discussed plans for during her tenure as the OPMA president, including focusing on new members and attracting new people and demographics.
"It is important for everyone to get involved (and) become a part of the process so they can help direct their own future in the pest management industry," she said.
- Shining a light on bed bug control
- On Earth Day, a celebration of PMPs
- J.T. Eaton promotes division sales manager
- ODA selects agriculture inspection manager
- J.F. Oakes selects north central sales representative
| 410 |
PlayBox Blog: Daneka Etchells 18/12/2021
Earlier in the year, our four PlayBox writers<|fim_middle|> at a divine time. I don't believe in God, but I do believe in journey. I've written a play where my identity isn't tokenised, doesn't have to be split up or moulded into something palatable. It's joy, pain, sensitive, loud too-much-too-much-too-much but also just enough. Like I've been taught it's okay to be. Thank you Box of Tricks.
~ Daneka Etchells
Merry Tricksmas!
PlayBox Blog: Adam Fenton | had a one-day workshop of the new plays they've written while on attachment with Box of Tricks. We asked Daneka Etchells to reflect on the development process of her play, Rogue Comet(s).
This whole process for me has been more than writing a play. Personally, over the year of working with Box of Tricks, I have come to understand myself more, came out the closet several times, and started to work with who I am rather than against who I am. Stopped writing as the version of a writer that I thought I had to be. And I can only attribute that to the entire Box of Tricks' team for providing such permission, understanding and encouragement (yes, I am crying).
Firstly, I developed a treatment. The treatment was full of featherless wings, cages, searching for community, multiplicity, time, physics and dying trying to fly in a body that isn't made for Here. I felt the expanse of what I was writing but every moment I started to write it, my fingers started typing something else. There was a more pressing question bubbling and blocking and wanting to live.
Thus (thus?) birthed Rogue Comet(s).
I felt like a fraud and ashamed and wrong because I couldn't follow through with the idea I originally pitched. But that idea I pitched was of a writer I am no longer trying to be. And as Rogue Comet(s) started to breathe, I realised how easy it is when you are writing when you're not fighting.
The first draft came just over a month before the workshop. It was new baby fresh, its head still so soft and it's eyes not open. I was nervous about sharing it with both Hannah and Adam but they received it so openly. Before sending, I went back to my application email for PlayBox last year, and reflected on what I'd wrote about wanting to find confidence in my own voice and it was nice to pause, take stock, that sending in this play was doing everything I'd set out to do.
The workshop day gave more than I thought an 8 hour R&D could do. I found answers, remedies, mist-clearing approaching clarity but most importantly: more questions. Starting plays is never a formula for me – sometimes it's an image, a song, a feeling, a theme, a moment, but I always need that Impossible Question. I think I write to try and understand the world, because I don't really get it, honestly. I don't really understand why humans exist as we do, why laws are so, why things just happen. So asking more and more questions, was like fuel for my little writing gremlin and petrol for the play which asks 'what is home when the world isn't made for you?'
I'm now amidst the redrafting process ahead of our sharing at HOME in January 2022 which has only been made easier by the workshop and generosity of two incredible actors and Adam Quayle. I've never really understood how to rewrite and redraft, I don't really understand what the rules of it is, what you have to do and where to start; but from workshopping, the support from Hannah and Adam and, the most important thing I've learned, rest away from writing – I've discovered it's about pursuing question and big ideas and not being shy of the grandness of potential. It's about writing an ideal and being bold, courageous and brave.
This PlayBox attachment came to me | 703 |
<|fim_middle|> if you can't attend the live webinar, registering for this live version will enable you to receive the On Demand webinar and a personal critique of your material. Purchasing the On Demand version after the live event will not include a critique.
• Effective ways to improve your writing - and so much more!
Barbara Poelle is Vice President at Irene Goodman Literary Agency representing fiction for teens and adults. Her roster trends toward thriller and suspenseful women's fiction as well as mystery, young adult and horror. Barbara also writes a monthly Q&A column for Writer's Digest magazine and has previously signed and sold three clients from attendees of her Writer's Digest webinars. Visit www.irenegoodman.com to learn more.
Archived downloads of our previous Webinars are available for purchase at the WritersDigestShop.com. | Spamdex- the spam archive | How to Write a Successful Novel - Thursday!
If You're Stuck - Barbara Poelle and Holly Root are Here to Help !
If you're stuck, we're here to help! Let this live webinar be your basic training for writing a novel, or the kick in the pants you need to break through your blocks and overcome your fears. We'll share with you the secrets to coming up with marketable ideas, and ways to keep your creative engine running. The skills and techniques we'll discuss are the same ones we recommend to our own clients when they're developing new ideas. This webinar will give you the tools to create at your highest level, and the vocabulary to talk about your creations in ways that will make industry professionals take notice.
Each registrant is invited to submit a query letter and the FIRST PAGE (<300 words) of their manuscript. Literary agents Holly Root and Barbara Poelle will select a few submissions to critique during the live webinar. Holly and Barbara will explain what does and doesn't stand out in the first page, and will discuss the impact the query has on them. Queries and first pages not read during the live event will be critiqued and returned by e-mail.
How Can I Get My Query and First Page Critiqued?
If you would like to be included, please send your query letter and the FIRST PAGE according to the critique submission instructions to barbara@irenegoodman.com BY WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 14, 2015. Those who are chosen to be critiqued during the webinar will still receive written critique.
Please Note: Even | 335 |
Sometimes going for a long walk or a trip to the park just isn't possible. When you are sick, snowed in, or the temperature skyrockets, finding ways to exercise your dog indoors takes a bit of creativity.
The next time you find yourselves trapped inside, keep your pooch from going stir-crazy with one – or more – of these fun indoor activities.
Some dogs need more than just a leisurely stroll to stay happy, fit and healthy. Dog trainer, Melissa Heeter says treadmills not only provide excellent cardio workouts, they also allow you to control the terrain, eliminate distractions, and curb boredom-induced behavior problems. Best of all, they can be used no matter what Mother Nature is up to outside.
You do not have to have a special doggy treadmill to take advantage of this indoor exercise opportunity. "Human" gym equipment will do just fine as long as your dog fits and is properly trained to use it. Typically, a 45-pound dog will need a 55-inch treadmill belt. If you have a large or giant breed pooch, you can find specialized treadmills for dogs on sites such as Dog<|fim_middle|> he will have to flip in order to collect his rewards. If going outside is not an option, this is an excellent indoor activity for the canine body and mind.
Puzzle toys come in all shapes, sizes and skill levels. Some are stationary and can be solved without much physical activity. Others, like the PortoBallo™ by Project Play™, are designed to get your dog moving and working for his prize. Rather than loading this stuffable, chuckable, oddly-shaped bouncy toy with treats, fill it with your pup's kibble so he can run, jump, play and work for his dinner!
Canine conditioning is sort of like Zumba for dogs! It involves exercises to strengthen muscle, improve balance, and sharpen agility. While most commonly used for pups involved in competitive sports, any healthy, high-energy pooch can benefit from its techniques.
Some of the exercises can be performed at home, such as walking on a 15-45% inclined and declined treadmill for 5-10 minutes each, and the "Stand-to-Down/Down-to-Stand" exercise. Should you decide to get more involved with conditioning, you can purchase equipment from FitPaws USA or sign up for an online course.
While massage certainly does not count as exercise (don't we wish!), it is extremely beneficial for your pup's health, flexibility and circulation. Doggy massage increases oxygen flow to the blood, relieves pain and muscle tension, alleviates anxiety, and can even improve immunity. It should also help relax your tireless, house-bound hound! | Tread and Jog a Dog.
It may be the most basic form of canine entertainment, but that doesn't change the fact that dogs love to fetch! Long hallways are great for tossing a favorite toy or ball, but you can also get creative. Try using the stairs or placing "jumps" made of couch pillows in your dog's path to increase the difficulty.
Clear out the living room, it's time to turn your house into an indoor exercise center! Create your own makeshift obstacle course by placing broom handles across chairs for jumps; blankets over the spaces between furniture for "tunnels"; and evenly spaced plastic bowls for cones!
If you'd rather not use your own items, you can also purchase an indoor agility set for just such occasions.
Not only will Hide & Seek exercise your dog's body and mind, it will also help teach (or reinforce) his recall training. When it comes to this indoor activity, the-more-the-merrier, so be sure to include the whole family. Have your dog sit and stay while all human participants hide around the house. When ready, holler for your dog to come find you!
He will have a blast trotting through the house and hunting each of you down. Make sure everybody has a pocketful of healthy treats or gives him lots of love and praise when they are discovered!
Dog parents often list lack of time as a reason they fail to train their dogs. Take advantage of your day indoors to work on basic commands or add a few new skills to your pup's bag of tricks. Training expends mental and physical energy, builds confidence, and strengthens the human-animal bond. And, of course, you get the added benefit of a well-adjusted pup!
If you are not sure where to begin, try going online to CyberDog or E-Training for Dogs. These sites offer professional classes, webinars and individualized coaching. Those with previous experience can also find an array of how-to training videos on YouTube.
Anyone who has ever climbed aboard the StairMaster at the gym knows stairs make for a great cardio workout! If you have carpeted steps in your home, take advantage of them to tire out your stir-crazy pooch. You may have to join in the fun in order to motivate your dog, so make sure both you and your pup are healthy enough for this type of indoor exercise.
Nose work is one of the hottest sports for dogs and their owners to participate in together. Based on the techniques used to train professional detection dogs, it involves putting a pooch onto a specific scent and sending them through a course to search out the source.
The sport of scent training has many levels of complexity, but the basic task of sniffing out desirable objects comes naturally to dogs. Simply hide a few favorite treats around the house, introduce the scent, and send your pup scampering off to find them! For an extra challenge, use a series of boxes or bowls | 596 |
Evenings with EnriqueThe Helis Foundation
See the mention on New Orleans Tidbits…
WDSU-TV: "Evenings with Enrique return to City Park!"
Jessie Haynes, The Helis Foundation, and Paul Soniat, City Park, join WDSU's Aubry Killion to discuss the return of 'Evenings with Enrique' in April 2017…
"Evenings with Enrique" Spring Music Series in The Helis Foundation Enrique Alférez Sculpture Garden
The New Orleans Botanical Garden will extend its hours to 8 p.m. every Wednesday during the month of April beginning Wednesday, April 5 to celebrate "Evenings with Enrique." Throughout the year, each Wednesday is free to Louisiana residents, courtesy of The Helis Foundation…
WDSU-TV: "Botanical Gardens FREE on Wednesdays"
Watch the segment on WDSU-TV…
WGNO-TV: "'Evenings with Enrique' at the New Orleans Botanical Garden"
Each week, "Evenings with Enrique" will feature local musicians playing among the collection of 14 sculptures by the famed Mexican-American artist. Guides will be available to discuss the life and work of Enrique Alférez under enhanced<|fim_middle|> the Live Oak tree… | lighting and fire baskets suspended from the branches of | 9 |
Large beach. Large group picnic shelter. Public boat ramp access to Deer Creek Reservoir.
Along the banks of Deer<|fim_middle|> of rainbow and brown trout, large and smallmouth bass, walleye, and yellow perch. Services nearby the park also offer convenient boat rentals and kiteboarding lessons.
The beach and day use area is sparsely vegetated, and while sun exposure is part of the point at a beach, there are covered picnic cabanas above the shoreline near the parking lot, some with barbecues.
Note: Sailboat Beach and Day Use Area is open year round from 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. and 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. during the winter months. To make shelter reservations call 801.538.7220. | Creek Reservoir in Deer Creek State Park, Sailboat Beach and Day Use Area offers visitors and campers a summer getaway and launch point for water sports on a 3,000 surface acre reservoir a half hour from Provo and an hour from Salt Lake City. Under the looming presence of Mount Timpanogos, incredible views abound. The beach itself, although it consists of large-grain gravel that is not the most comfortable for lounging, is long and broad, and it allows for vehicle access right to the water line.
The day use area adjacent to the beach offers a broad public boat ramp with a day use marina for temporary moorage. Fishers have convenient access to a cleaning station adjacent to the boat ramp. Deer Creek Reservoir is stocked annually and also has large natural populations | 162 |
A Beginner's Guide to Immortality
Extraordinary People, Alien Brains, and Quantum Resurrection
Clifford A. Pickover
Thunder's Mouth Press, 2006
"Pickover inspires a new generation of da Vincis to build unknown flying machines and create new Mona Lisas." -- Christian Science Monitor
"Bucky Fuller thought big, Arthur C. Clarke thinks big, but Cliff Pickover outdoes them both." -- WIRED
"A perpetual idea machine, Clifford Pickover is one of the most creative, original thinkers in the world today." -- Journal of Recreational Mathematics
My interview. We entered Second Life, the on-line virtual universe, to explore, dream, and discuss the nature of reality and our place in our vast cosmos. (More photos of our journey here.)
New Scientist Review of Book: "A stimulating and mind-expanding brew".
New York Times Review :"Contemplates realms beyond our known reality."
Literary Magazine: "Pickover's ability to fit so many fresh ideas into such a small space may not be a trick of physics after all, and may instead simply be his<|fim_middle|>iii, 26, 34, 43-44, 120-123, 199
quantum, 119-121
intelligent design, 187, 194-198
inventions, xvii, 13, 106, 212, 216, 223-224
machines, 225-226
Invisible Cities, 235-236
IQ, 14, 84, 140
Jacobs, A. J., 32-33, 167, 242
James, William, xv, 60-64, 150
Jarrell, Randall, 18
Jaspers, Karl, 222
Jell-O consciousness, 123-125
Jesus, 46, 49, 128-131, 222-223, 238
Johnson, Samuel, 35
Johnston, Liver-Eating, 180
Junger, Ernst , 172
Kelley, John, 67-69
Kerouac, Jack, 171
Klinger, Christopher, 117-119
knots, 215-216
knowledge, xv-xviii, 64, 82, 95, 102, 116, 210
growth of, 214-216
Kosslyn, Stephen, 239
Kubler-Ross, Elisabeth, 55-59
Kurzweil, Ray, 95, 98
LaBerge, Stephen, 88-89
laryngeal nerve, 198
lateral thinking, xvi
Layard, Austen, 51
LEGO, 102-103
Levitt, Steven, xxi
Linklater, Richard, 85-86
liver, 176-182, 201-202, 205
Liver Eaters, 181
Lloyd, Seth, 114, 240
Lotsof, Howard, 142
Lovecraft, H. P., 42, 77-78
Lowell, Robert, 18
LSD, 136, 138, 142-144, 166, 225
lucid dreams, 85-89
M&Ms, 178
Maidanek, 56
Malcolm X, 211
many-worlds interpretation, 120-123
marijuana, xvi, 129-130, 137-140, 144-152
See also cannabis
mathematical formulas, 208-210
and rapture, 226-228
Matrix, The, 84, 89, 98-99, 110
Mattus, Rose, 177-178
Mayakovsky, Vladimir, 18
McKenna, Terence, 68, 128
McLuhan, Marhsall, 223
MDMA (ecstasy), 138-139, 141
Mesopotamia, xxiii, 50-55, 201-203
Metzger, Richard, 218-219
mind simulations; see simulated minds and worlds
Mindscan, 94-95
Mishima, Yukio, 16
monkeys typing, 186-187
Moravec, Hans, 123
mosquitoes, 190-193
movies, xviii, 24-25, 40-41, 46, 77, 132, 135, 181
multiverse, 90
mushrooms, xv, 26, 31-33, 130, 149
deformed musicians, 11-12
futuristic, xiv, 24, 29
See also Cage, John
Muslims, 44-45
Nash, John, 60-62
near-death experiences, 45-49, 56-59, 63-64
Nephilim, 69
New Jerusalem, 236
Nicaragua stamps, 208-209
Noah, 53-55
Nozick, Robert, 100
obsessive behavior, 10, 35, 138, 162, 165-167, 170
omphalos, 194
Oscillococcinum, 179
Pang Brothers, xviii
Parsons, Jack, xv-xvi, xxii, 218-221
peas and carrots, 108-109
Permutation City, 78-80, 94
phalanges, 230-232
Pink, Daniel, xvii
planets, 213
Plato, 70
Platt, James, 87-88
polydactylics, 11-12
pop culture, xvii, xxv
Popol Vuh, 69
process physics, 117-119
Proust, Marcel, 169
psilocybin, 149
psychedelics 130, 135-139, 140-149, 153, 168
See also DMT
psychiatric disorders, uncommon, 110-111
immortality, 120
many-worlds, 120, 122-123
process space, 119
resurrection, 119-120
quotations, see Cathedrals of the Mind
Ramanujan, Srinivasa, 209
rapture, 226
reality onion, 111-112
reality simulation, 100-101, 106, 111-117
See also simulated minds and worlds
Reese Candy Company, 178
Reese, Martin, 90
Reinhardt, Django, 11-12
resurrection, quantum, 119-120
Riegel, Hans, 178
Rilke, Rainer, 157-160
Roe v. Wade, xxi-xxii
R�ntgen, Wilhelm, 224
Ruck, Carl, 130
Rucker, Rudy, 239
Sagan, Carl, 137, 151
Sartre, Jean-Paul, 210
Satan, 47-48
Sawyer, Robert, 94-95
schizophrenia, 19-20, 60-61, 140
serendipity in science, 224-225
sexuality, xvi, 12-14, 20, 44, 218
social innovations, 232
Sheol, 47-51
Shermer, Michael, 183, 197
Shulgin, Alexaner, 153
silence, 28, 36-37
simulated minds and worlds, 78-84, 89-112
Smith, George, 53-54
snails, 130
social prosthetic systems, 239-240
soul, 96-97
specialization, xxiv, 32-33, 82
speciation, 191-192
Sporns, Olaf, 96
Stolaroff, Myron, 142-144
Storm, Howard, 45-46
Stradanus, Johannes, 212
suicide, 15-18, 122, 161, 218
suspended animation, 43-44
Swedenborg, Emanuel, 64-66
Tart, Charles, 150
Taylor, Theodore Roosevelt, 11
technology, 221
See also inventions
THC, 145-148
time perception, 136-137
Toffler, Alvin, 221
Tsiolkovsky, Konstantin, 216-217
TV shows, xviii
Utnapishtim, 53-55, 101
Van Eeden, Frederik, 85
virtual lives, 116-117
Volume Library, 211-213
Wachowski Brothers, xvi, 99-100
Waking Life, 85-86
Weinberger, Sylvia, 176-178
What We Believe But Cannot Prove, 105
Witkiewicz, Stanislaw, 170
Wolfram, Stephen, 101
Woolf, Virginia, 15
on drugs, 168-172
self-destructive, 15-18, 168
X-rays, 224
Yesenin, Sergei, 18
Yule log, xix | unerringly eloquent literary style, which allows him to succinctly encapsulate in few words what others could barely spell out in thick tomes."
This book is a companion to the book Sex, Drugs, Einstein and Elves.
Now at Amazon.Com
After you die....
After you die, will the world remember anything you did? Most of us rarely leave marks, except on our immediate family or a few friends. Your great-grandchildren may carry some vestigial memory of you, but that will fade like a burning ember when they die -- and you will be extinguished and forgotten.
Through the centuries, many have striven to achieve "immortality," through science, myths, religion, or dreams of lifelike heavens -- and also through a creative work that left some lasting mark. A Beginner's Guide to Immortality highlights these unusual thinkers who punched through our ordinary cultural norms while becoming successful in their own niches. Here, we celebrate these extraordinary people and their curious ideas.
Science writer Cliff Pickover explores the borderlands of science and art in his latest and greatest work. Part memoir and part surrealistic perspective on culture, Pickover gives readers a glimpse of new ways of thinking and of other worlds as he reaches across cultures and peers beyond our ordinary reality. Unlock the doors of your imagination with topics that range from the creative genius of author Truman Capote, musician John Cage, and occult rocket-scientist Jack Parsons, to cutting-edge scientific speculation on immortality, mythology, near-death experiences, evolution and intelligent design, and quantum resurrection. A Beginner's Guide to Immortality is the hammer that shatters the ice of our unconscious.
Pickover illuminates some of the most mysterious phenomena affecting our species. What is creativity? What are the religious implications of mosquito evolution, simulated Matrix realities, the brain's own marijuana, and the mathematics of the apocalypse? Could we be a mere software simulation living in a matrix? Who are Elisabeth Kubler-Ross and Emanuel Swedenborg? Did church forefathers eat psychedelic snails? How can we safely expand our minds to become more successful and reason beyond the limits of our own intuition? How can we become immortal?
Flammarion Cosmos
The Quest for Immortality
Brain from Planet Arous
(discussed in book)
Scene from The Matrix
Brain contemplating
life in a jar
Maidanek death butterflies
A Celebration of Unusual Lives
A Symphony for Chameleons
A New Age for America
Chapter 1 Truman Capote and The Brain from Planet Arous
In which we encounter The Brain from Planet Arous, "The Visible Man," sex-starved alien brains, Truman Capote, the Fissure of Rolando, the stigmata of genius, In Cold Blood, Mia Farrow, Music for Chameleons, Candice Bergen, Norman Mailer, Answered Prayers, the grunting of a renegade hog, eccentric geniuses, the nature of creativity and intelligence, Blackwing-602 addicts, work habits of successful writers, homosexuality, mental disease, short people, guitarist Theodore Roosevelt Taylor, famous polydactyls, the "Black and White Ball," and the six-fingered Vladislav Khodasevich.
Chapter 2 John Cage and the Zen of Music
In which we encounter John Cage, the future of music, the end of movies, "Europera 5," the mystery of silence, "Eclipticalis With Winter Music," amygdala-stimulation movies, neoproterozoic Lake Vostok, deadly mushrooms, overspecialization, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, premaxillary bones, Samuel Johnson, Haydn's Farewell Symphony, Francis Galton, the Biblical book of Job, and the silence of God.
Chapter 3 Gilgamesh, God, and the Language of Angels
In which we encounter Maidanek death butterflies, crawling brains, brains in jars, the doll-people of the Popol Vuh, Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, cryonics, near-death experiences, Emanuel Swedenborg, glimpses of hell, Gehennah, Tophet, Jewish Sheol, the Witch of Endor, H. P. Lovecraft, devils and demons, Beelzebub, Iblis, ash-Shaytan, Jesus in Hell, Gilgamesh, Austen Henry Layard, Utnapishtim, Mount Mashu, George Smith, the Flood, the afterlife, Susan Blackmore, William James, Varieties of Religious Experience, John Nash, schizophrenia, the power of placebos, the quest for reality, over-belief, John Dee, John Kelley, Enochian records, Terence McKenna, Plato, and DMT-containing plants.
Chapter 4 The Matrix, Quantum Resurrection, and the Quest for Transcendence
In which we encounter H. P. Lovecraft's "The Whisperer in Darkness," Greg Egan's Permutation City, Larry and Andy Wachowski, brains made of bicycle parts, the North American Vexillological Association, Jell-O minds, autistic simulacrums, zombies, actuopalynologists, brain pseudomorphs, cosmic onions, the location of the soul, hyperspecialization, Rene Descartes, dreaming, the Tajal people, Marilyn vos Savant, The Matrix, Frederik van Eeden, lucid dreaming, simulating reality, multiverses, artificial life, gebits, Ray Kurzweil, Emily Dickinson, Digital Philosophy, Stephen Wolfram, Robert Heinlein, The Truman Show, George Berkeley, consciousness, Robin Hanson, "peas and carrots," uncommon psychiatric disorders, Nick Bostrom, Process Physics, quantum resurrection, and quantum immortality.
Chapter 5 Jesus and the Future of Mind-Altering Drugs
In which we encounter highway mega-messiahs, Biblical use of marijuana, psychedelic snails in the Christian basilica at Aquileia, "keneh-bosem," Carl Sagan, Jesus in movies, brain-eating monsters, Roger Corman, Attack of the Crab Monsters, Nancy Sinatra, Jack Nicholson, LSD, the value of mind-altering drugs, the brain's own marijuana, endocannabinoids, MDMA (ecstasy), "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds," DMT, ayahuasca, Ibogaine, Myron Stolaroff, Einstein and Google, state-specific sciences, and Charles Tart.
Chapter 6 Clockwork Butterflies and Eternity
In which we encounter Rainer Maria Rilke, Nathaniel Hawthorne, beauty, death, robot butterflies, ether butterflies, hypergraphia, 64 obsession, Nikola Tesla, Philip K. Dick, Alice Flaherty, writers who used drugs, the dream butterflies of Ernst Junger, Jack Kerouac, and Benzedrine-laced Coca-Cola.
Chapter 7 Evolution, Ice Cream, and The Goddess of Chopped Liver
In which we encounter Sylvia Weinberger, chopped-liver, God's laryngeal nerve, Reuben Mattus, "prochronic" events, Haagen-Dazs ice cream, the Reese Candy Company, livers in myth, foie gras, Liver-Eating Johnston, Silence of the Lambs, Attack of the Liver Eaters, "Merrye Syndrome," liver evolution, liver divination, intelligent design, creationism, molecules in space, the emergence of life and new species, monkeys typing the Bible, Robert Ardrey's killer ape, mosquitoes, flowers, polyploidy, beetle engineering, poodles and wolves, fecund enclaves of subterranean creatures, the Omphalosian view of reality, Philip Henry Gosse, John C. Whitcomb, Arkansas Act 590, abortion, escape ovulation, zygotes, hepatoscopy, Etruscans, haruspimancy, the liver and the "butterfly effect," divination, and Shakespeare.
Chapter 8 The Whispers of History
In which we encounter mathematical formulas, Srinivasa Ramanujan, Jean-Paul Sartre, large libraries, Malcolm X, dictionaries, wonders of the modern world, Will Durant, the waves of history, knots, Isaac Asimov, James Burke, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Aleister Crowley, Jack Parsons, L. Ron Hubbard, Robert Heinlein, Marjorie Cameron, Alvin Toffler, Karl Japsers, the axial age, Marshall McLuhan, Truman Capote, Wilhelm Rontgen, Velcro, Charles Goodyear, Harry Coover's superglue, the mathematics of rapture, the Doomsday Argument, Nick Bostrom, the phalanges of history, and Charles Fourier.
In which we encounter Italo Calvino, Invisible Cities, Gilgamesh gardens, New Jerusalem, Calvino strings, and spacetime tangles.
Cathedrals of the Mind
Pickover's book entertains, informs, and invites his readers -- old and new -- to test their powers of lateral thinking and to see the world in a fresh way.
"Beauty is eternity gazing at itself in a mirror." -- Kahlil Gibran, The Prophet
"Every great work of art has two faces: one toward its own time and one toward the future, toward eternity." -- Daniel Barenboim, Parallels and Paradoxes
A Beginner's Guide to Immortality is a celebration of unusual lives and highlights creative thinkers who punched through our ordinary cultural norms while becoming successful in their own niches. Here, we study these extraordinary people and their curious ideas. Through these individuals, we can better explore life's astonishing richness and glimpse the diversity of human imagination.
Their works and ideas often bear a personal mark, and a striving to tear apart traditional thinking or to make an impact -- whether it was for their brilliant writing, for making the world's best chopped liver, or creating shocking new musical forms. Almost all of the people in this book had an irreverence toward authority and a self-sufficiency and independence. They were passionate about their work. Most blazed a trail. What can we learn from them to enhance our own creativity?
Going beyond the intriguing individuals, many of the concepts in the book encourage lateral thinking, and grab ideas from many fields such as mathematics, philosophy, zoology, and entertainment. We'll tackle quantum resurrection, the religious implications of mosquito evolution, simulated Matrix realities, the brain's own marijuana, and the mathematics of the apocalypse. If each area of human knowledge is likened to a spider web that glimmers in the sunlight, then these special topics come with unexpected connecting strands that unite the webs in a vast, sparkling fabric.
In the first part of the 21th century, we are leaving the Information Age and entering the Conceptual Age. The most important people, and certainly the most interesting, will be those who create inventions that change our ways of life and break new ground. But more importantly, the hottest individuals will be those who are good at recognizing patterns in culture and belief, those who try to understand the forest and not just the trees. These pattern recognizers also help others become creative and dream daring dreams.
This book is for anyone who wants to be transported to new seas, while deepening the waters and lengthening horizons. The book is a mystery-garden carried in the palm of your hand.
Is life just a dream?
Mehujael, first appearance: 7:00 pm
Listen to Mehujael speak (approximation)
A Beginner's Guide to Immortality, by Clifford Pickover
Marcus Chown
"IT IS hard to classify this book, certainly one of Clifford Pickover's most quirky and free-roaming. As the author himself says in the foreword, it is part memoir and part celebration of extraordinary people with extraordinary ideas, such as the author Truman Capote and the rocket scientist Jack Parsons. In these essays Pickover manages, among other things, to ask: What is the origin of creativity? What are the religious implications of mosquito evolution? Could we be a software simulation in a matrix? And can we ever become immortal? A stimulating and mind-expanding brew." (From issue 2591 of New Scientist magazine, 17 February 2007, page 52)
abortion, xxi-xxii, 21-22, 198-201
accidental discoveries, 224-225
afterlife, 40-47, 50-58, 63-69, 71, 81, 112, 119, 158, 179, 237
See also near-death experiences
alcoholism, 1, 4, 6-7, 16-18, 140-142, 149, 161
Ardrey, Robert, 188-190
artificial life, 90-93
Asimov, Isaac, 216
Attack of the Crab Monsters, 99, 132-134
Atwater, P. M. H., 46
Axial Age, 222-223
Ben and Jerry's, 178
Benzedrine, 171
Berkeley, George, 102
bestsellers, xii
Bible, xxiii, 37, 47, 50, 53, 66, 129, 186, 214, 236
bicycle brain, 103-104
bipolar disorder, 10, 17, 111
bits, universe, 114-115
Black and White Ball, 5-6
Blackmore, Susan, 58
Blackwing-602, 8-9
Boids, 92
book scenes, 109-110
Bostrom, Nick, 104-105, 112-114, 228-230
Brain from Planet Arous, The, 2-3, 23, 25, 40, 76, 131
bicycle parts, 103-104
frozen, 43
interfaces, 24-25, 29, 41
in jars, 40, 42
mind, 96-97, 101-104, 239
movies, 40-41; see also Brain from Planet Arous
simulations; see simulated mind and worlds
Brockman, John, 105, 212
Burroughs, William, 168
effect, xx-xxi, 106, 204
symbols, 56, 160-165, 169, 172
Cage, John, xv-xvi, xxii, 26-33
Cahill, Reginald, 117-119
Calvino, Italo, 235-238
Cameron, Marjorie, xxii, 219-220
cannabinoids, 138,146-148
cannabis, 129, 130, 136-141, 145-148, 151-152, 168
See also marijuana
Capote, Truman, xv-xvi, xxii, 1-22, 223
Carter, Brandon, 228
Cathedrals of the Mind, xxii, 243
Chalmers, David, 100
chameleons, xiv-xvi, 240
Christina, Greta, 237
computational hypothesis, 100
conceptual age, xvii
consciousness, 63-64, 80, 85, 102-103 105, 150-151, 169, 239
Jell-O, 123-124
Conway, John, 93
Coover, Henry, 224
Corman, Roger, 99, 133-135, 181
Corral, Valerie, 145
creationism, 182-183, 196
creative class, xviii
creativity, 10
class, xviii
schizotypes, 19
sexuality, 14, 20
Crowley, Aleister, 218
cryonics, 43
cuneiform, 50, 53
Daumal, Ren�, 169
Davies, Paul, 90
Dawkins, Richard, 183
Dee, John, 67-69
devil, 47-48
Dick, Philip, 166
digital philosophy, 100
divination, 202-205
DMT, 71, 77, 115, 138, 141, 170, 236
doll people, 69
Donovan's Brain, 41
doomsday argument, 227-228
dreams, 83-87, 115-116
lucid, 87-89
laws, 149-151
and writers, 168-171
See also cannabinoids, psychedelics
dualism, 97
Donne, John, 238-239
Durant, Will, 210, 214
eccentricity, 8-9, 19, 59, 218
Eco, Umberto, 210
Egan, Greg, 78-80, 94
Egolf, Tristan, 16
Enochian, 67-69, 219
escape ovulation, 200
Everett, Hugh, 120
evolution, 182-193
dogs, 183, 190-192
Lystrosaurus, 196
mosquitoes, 190, 192-193
outer space, 185
speciation, 190
theory, 183
Tiktaalik, 183-184
See also intelligent design
Fiend Without a Face, 40-41
finger lengths, 12
Flaherty, Alice, 167
flood, 53-55, 70, 194
Florida, Richard, xvii-xviii, 14
Fourier, Charles, 230-232
Fredkin, Ed, 100-101
Galton, John, 35
gebits, 118
genius, xiv, 7-8
afflictions, 9-10, 17-19, 61
bipolar disorder, 10, 17
children of, 161
resistance to, 9
school ability, 15
sexuality, 12, 14, 20
suicide, 16
Gilgamesh, Epic of, xxiii, 50-55, 58, 70-72, 101, 157-158, 236, 240
God, 37, 101, 130, 228
Goethe, Johann, 33-34
Google, 144
Gosse, Philip, 194
Gould, Stephen, 151
Grob, Charles, 141
H�agen Dazs, 177-178
Hanson, Robin, 82, 109, 127
Harris, Sam, 84, 126
haruspices, 202-205
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 160-166
Heinlein, Robert, xxiv, 101
hell, 44-49, 66, 220, 227
Hemingway family, 16
hepatoscopy, 201
false, 194
knowledge, 214, 226
revolutions, 221-222
sensitivity to events, xx-xxi, 204
simulation, 106-107
social innovations, 230-231
Hitler, xxi
Holt, Jim, 198, 227
homosexuality, xv, 4, 13-14, 16, 18, 20, 232
hypergraphia, 166-168
ibogaine, 142
ice cream, 177-178
Ice Man, 81
methods of achieving, xx | 4,677 |
The Pokagon Band Targets June 15 To Reopen Its Four Winds Casinos
The Pokagon Gaming Authority announced today that it is targeting Monday, June 15 to reopen its Four Winds Casino locations in Michigan and Indiana. The Four Winds Casinos Operations Team has been working closely with the Pokagon Gaming Authority, the Pokagon Gaming<|fim_middle|> once they are approved so our guests know what to expect and have an enjoyable entertainment experience when visiting one of our Four Winds Casino locations once we reopen."
The Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians' sovereignty was reaffirmed under legislation signed into law by President Clinton in September of 1994. The Pokagon Band is dedicated to providing community development initiatives such as housing, education, family services, medical care and cultural preservation for its more than 5,700 citizens. The Pokagon Band's ten-county service area includes four counties in Southwestern Michigan and six in Northern Indiana. Its main administrative offices are located in Dowagiac, Mich., with a satellite office in South Bend, Ind. In 2007, it opened Four Winds Casino Resort in New Buffalo, Mich., followed by Four Winds Hartford in 2011, Four Winds Dowagiac in 2013 and Four Winds South Bend in January 2018. The Pokagon Band operates a variety of businesses via Mno-Bmadsen, its non-gaming investment enterprise. More information is available at www.pokagonband-nsn.gov, www.fourwindscasino.com and www.mno-bmadsen.com.
Joshua Taustein, Dresner Corporate Services, (312)780-7219, jtaustein@dresnerco.com | Commission and the Pokagon Health Task Force to develop a reopening plan. Pending approval of the plan from the Pokagon Gaming Commission and notification to the National Indian Gaming Commission (NIGC), Four Winds Casinos will proceed to reopen. The Pokagon Gaming Commission hearing is currently scheduled for June 8.
Commenting on the reopening planning process, Matthew Wesaw, Tribal Council Chairman and CEO of Pokagon Gaming Authority said, "We've been closely monitoring the data related to the spread of COVID-19, consulting with medical experts, and evaluating the potential impact the virus could have on our community and employees. Although we are a Sovereign Nation, we've also considered recommendations from the Federal Government, Centers for Disease Control (CDC), and Governors from both Michigan and Indiana, before setting June 15 as our target date for reopening. It is possible that this date could change due to a resurgence in COVID-19 cases, but we will continue to monitor the situation as we work towards this reopening goal."
Frank Freedman, Chief Operating Officer of Four Winds Casinos, added, "In anticipation of finalizing the details and receiving approval of our reopening plan from the Pokagon Gaming Authority and Pokagon Gaming Commission, we've started the process to recall Four Winds Casino employees. We look forward to sharing the details of our reopening plan | 267 |
Theories of music describe ways that listeners, composers, and performers conceive of the elements of their art. Study of theory, then, informs all aspects of musical learning at UBC.<|fim_middle|>ored professionally through intensive seminars, teaching assistantships, research assistantships, and conference participation. We welcome research of an interdisciplinary nature, involving musicology, ethnomusicology, mathematics, linguistics, and other musically pertinent areas. | Our faculty include internationally known researchers who contribute to theories and analysis of modernist and contemporary art music, theories of rhythm and meter, performance analysis, and the analysis of both Western art music and world music.
We bring a broad perspective to the basic theory courses required of our undergraduates, and provide flexible and expert supervision for graduate student research. Students in our graduate programs are ment | 75 |
Cello Master Class with Jerry Grossman
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Master class coaching by guest artists has been part of Hoff-Barthelson's curriculum since the School's founding in 1944. This distinguished tradition continues this season with a roster of world-class musicians and educators.
Master classes are an enlightening experience for students and audiences alike. After months of careful preparation, students perform for, and then receive feedback and guidance from a master teacher who challenges the student<|fim_middle|> Yourself Project! Submission Deadline | to think in new and critical ways about the piece they've prepared. The results are inspiring and serve as a catalyst for students to reach new heights in their own musical explorations. Yet the learning isn't limited just to the students who perform. In point of fact, any student—regardless of their level of development or whether or not they even play the same instrument—can learn a great deal.
Master Classes are open to the public to observe free of charge, but reservations are required.
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Jerry Grossman, cello
Jerry Grossman has been the principal cellist of the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra since 1986. He has appeared in recital, and with symphony orchestras and chamber ensembles throughout the United States. His highly acclaimed New York debut at the Metropolitan Museum of Art was followed by the American premiere of Kurt Weill's 1920 Cello Sonata, leading to recording that work, as well as works by Dohnanyi, Prokofiev, Bartok, and Kodaly for Nonesuch Records. He has appeared as soloist in Carnegie Hall and on domestic and European tours with the Met Orchestra under playing Don Quixote by Richard Strauss. The performance has also been recorded for Deutsche Gramophone.
A long association with the Marlboro Music Festival, including numerous 'Music from Marlboro' tours and recordings, figures prominently in Mr. Grossman's chamber music experience. He is a former member of Orpheus and Speculum Musicae and has also appeared as a guest artist with the Guarneri, Vermeer, and Emerson String Quartets. He was the founding cellist of both the Chicago String Quartet and the Chicago Chamber Musicians. Before assuming his position at the Metropolitan Opera, Mr. Grossman was a member of the Chicago Symphony for two seasons and the New York Philharmonic for two seasons.
Mr. Grossman began his music studies in his native Cambridge, Massachusetts. His teachers there included Judith Davidoff, Joan Esch and Benjamin Zander. He attended the Curtis Institute of Music, where he studied cello with David Soyer and chamber music with the other members of the Guarneri Quartet. Sandor Vegh and Harvey Shapiro were also important influences.
Mr. Grossman has held faculty positions at the Juilliard School, the State University of New York at Binghamton, and DePaul University in Chicago. He currently teaches at the Kneisel Hall Summer Music Festival in Blue Hill, Maine.
Featured Event (Homepage), Master Class
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Scardale Public Library
Scarsdale, 10583 United States + Google Map
Compose | 547 |
Posted 1 month ago by Marvelous Geeks features
'The Morning Show' Season 2 Hits and Misses
©Apple TV+
The Morning Show Season 2 doesn't fall into a sophomore slump, and though imperfect, it's a strong continuation into the world of journalism. It's an excellent season to start watching after, but still, it's a season with plenty of potential and too many misses after the finale. And that's probably the most fascinating thing about it. The show has proven that it knows what it wants to do and where to go, and yet, at some point, with a few arcs, they fell through.
Because of its hefty season,<|fim_middle|> what's in character," and watching Bradley's character this season blurred a lot for me. But feeling seen and heard by fictional characters is certainly a part of the power of art.
Shana acknowledged this above, but I would be remiss if I did not also. I certainly don't speak for all queer women, not for lesbian-identifying women either, but as a lesbian, I do understand, having just explained briefly what this portrayal has meant for me and for the community, that there was a lot of anger and criticism of the Season 2 finale as it pertained to Bradley and Laura's storyline. Some expressed and felt by myself. We had just gone from the iconic "Am I your woman?" define the relationship conversation in the previous episode to Laura in Montana and her words being twisted and recontextualized in front of Cory Ellison of all people, who then completely ignored Bradley's moment of crisis and disrespected his longtime friend Laura by confessing his love for Bradley unapologetically. This is where the other piece of my surprise kicks in because the issue is the finale really did leave TOO much up in the air and unaddressed. It was likely for the setup of Season 3. But having no further touchpoint or closure on Bradley's outing (by Cory), Bradley ignoring Laura's phone call, in crisis struggling to process what Laura was actually saying and probably using it to help ease her own guilt in Hal's situation, the show REALLY left it wide open for emotional responses of fans to take over and drive the narrative instead of the writers and performances. Simply, there was not enough payoff in that episode to sustain what was built over the season. And queer women, certainly more so BIPOC, are more than used to being manipulated for viewership only to be left out in the cold at the end. But I am hopeful because The Morning Show and those involved in it actually COULD do their characters and storylines justice. Let yourself be great, TMS!
What are your thoughts on The Morning Show Season 2? Let us know in the comments below.
jennifer aniston, julianna margulies, reese witherspoon, the morning show, the morning show season 2, tms, tv coverage
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Marvelous Geeks Media 'The Morning Show' Season 2 Hits and Misses | The Morning Show Season 2 demands to be broken down with more than one voice in a roundtable.
What are your overall thoughts about The Morning Show Season 2?
Shana: Overall, I really loved it. The whole "Mitch redemption" part of it, especially Alex's visit with him, made me incredibly uncomfortable—but I think that was kind of the point. Not to mention, he never fully reached that redemption anyway, so it turned out to be really satisfying in that regard. (Revenge fantasies have entered the chat.)
I think, if I was to pick one thing where The Morning Show Season 2 had a big opportunity but didn't really follow through, it was in how it handled the "Mitch targeted Black women" allegation. We didn't really get a lot of material on the impact of that, and I think if we're going to bring race into the discussion, we need to really, truly honor how it plays in. I talked about this in my review of "Confirmations," where we finally got to hear Mia Jordan speak on her experience with Mitch. But one excellent scene, from one character, doesn't quite erase…well, the erasure. If Black women were this character's target, what was his motive? Who were some of the others? What were their experiences? Do they, like Mia, not really feel like they were victimized? And if so, what does that even mean overall? With Mitch dead now, though, circling back to that story might not even make sense without someone there to be the perpetrator—especially after how he flew off the handle and vehemently denied that being a thing, even as he was in the middle of accepting his role in other abuses.
Then again, it's not as if there isn't plenty of anti-Blackness out there, as if there aren't plenty of other predators, so…Anything can happen.
Gissane: There's so much about The Morning Show Season 2 that gives the series the push it has needed to find its footing, and it succeeds at it. I was particularly fascinated by the pacing—how the series manages to feel so achingly slow at times while simultaneously a much quicker watch than Season 1 is beyond me.
And I wholeheartedly agree with what Shana so eloquently details above. The season not following through with the allegations regarding Mitch targeting Black women doesn't seem to match the bar the show established (or at least, is trying to). However, if Season 3 potentially goes into holding other men accountable or more information somehow releases about Mitch, it's still something they could achieve (and I hope that they do). It could thoroughly strengthen the series because this isn't just an absence on The Morning Show, but film and TV, in general, need to do better.
Lindsay: Season 2 of The Morning Show can really only be classified by one word in my mind: inconsistent. There was a lot that I absolutely loved (the addition of Greta Lee as Stella Bak, Mia as the exec producer of The Morning Show, the Bradley and Laura romantic relationship, ANYTHING with Marcia Gay Harden as Maggie Brener, Alex confronting her toxic behavior, especially towards the women in her life, the few but amazing scenes with Alex and Bradley and ditto with Julianna Marguiles' Laura Peterson and any moment she was on screen). Still, there was so much that either really fell flat on its face (Mitch's "redemption") or was not fully explored (the increasing anti-Asian behavior including the incident with Stella, the racial inequities of The Morning Show and network television, Mitch's targeting of Black women, Bradley and Laura's outing, Hannah's storyline altogether post 2×04 really). The show suffered from both seeming very grounded, nuanced, and innovative around storylines like Bradley's family trauma and exploring her sexuality later in life, and how does one, like Alex, who did not commit the sexual assault/harassment but was complicit in a way, address their behaviors; to completely behind the times in where the conversation stands on certain issues as a society. Or just plainly dismissive on important issues that THEY also established were important, including the initial premise of speaking truth to power in how sexual assault/harassment is wielded and accepted in such a visible field as national network news and even more importantly, telling the survivor's side of the story while highlighting the damage visibility can have. I seriously never want to hear the word "cancelled" by any character on that show ever again. It held so much promise, even in its overdramatized and campy tone at times, that juggling so many nuances instead of choosing to focus on a handful meant that balls were dropped basically for everyone, despite some really stellar performances, visuals, and amazing work done by a host of female directors. I can't help but think that the complete rewrite that was forced due to the pandemic and the filming of Season 2 in the middle of winter 2020 still heavily affected by the pandemic, tilted many of these issues in a way that made the inconsistency more pronounced.
I would like to make a special shoutout to Jessica Yu, Rachel Morrison, and Victoria Mahoney, who directed the shit out of three of my favorite episodes of the season that truly showed the care and connection that can exist between phenomenal directing, an actor's transcendent performance, and great writing when done by visionaries like them.
Julianna Margulies is the most perfect addition into the show. What did you love most about her character and what are your hopes for the future?
Shana: I mean. It's Julianna Margulies. Maybe I loved that most? I guess I could expand there…Julianna Margulies just carries something with her to every single role she plays. It's a certain sense of strength, outside of the Strong Female Character™ trope—like, just a real, powerful woman. She doesn't need to play one of these women who perpetuate a trope, fitting into a typically male-coded role but traumatized way more in order to exude strength. It's just there.
She delivers a rawness, a realness, a feeling of "this is difficult, but I'm doing it anyway. I'm getting up every day and putting one foot in front of the other. I'm staring down not just the whole world but also whatever the hell is going on inside of me, and I'm just…getting through it and dealing." Margulies makes her characters so authentic and relatable, even when they're not at all people some of us would normally see ourselves in, and it all comes back to that idea of portraying a true inner strength. I don't know how to fully put it into words because I don't know how to put her and what she's always meant to me as a TV viewer into words, but it's that certain presence that commands your attention, a take-no-shit attitude, and just that something extra. She has it with all of her characters, yet it always plays out a little differently and seems to get stronger every time she's in a new role.
It's possible, probable even, that this inability to portray anything other than strength comes from who Julianna Margulies is as a person. Normally, that'd be a bad thing for an actor—they're supposed to be embodying a character, not just putting themselves in different settings—but it works for her because she's so damned good at what she does. It's another idea that's difficult to really explain, especially when there's so much awe and admiration swirling around my head every time I even try, but there's something there that's unique, that's perfect even while being completely imperfect.
She can say so much with so little, whether it's putting up that "unbothered" shield I talked about a lot with Laura or the barely-there lift of the corner of her mouth when she's just in the background of a scene, showing how truly proud she is of Bradley. I recently said on Twitter to the effect of: Julianna Margulies, when in character, doesn't even let herself take a breath without it having a purpose. At the time, I was being a little bit of my over-the-top fangirl self…But the thing is? It's true. And as a dancer, knowing how important breath is to movement and telling a story, it's one of the things that's so meaningful to me but may be missed by others because there's just so much…more she also does. What separates the good from the great, though—what separates the Julianna Margulieses of the world from…just about everyone else, honestly—is the detail. It is the small stuff, those moments when she's technically not the focus, but she's still doing that thing she does so you can't help but be drawn to her anyway.
In Laura Peterson, all of that blended together to create someone who was just free of all The Morning Show's swirling drama and bullshit. In a lot of ways, she is the antithesis to an Alex Levy. Alex is so incredibly on edge—about 50% guilt, 50% too much pressure from the industry if I had to guess—and Laura's just like…It is what it is. Even when she lets herself flinch, it's barely there. She's so reserved, yet so much an open book. Laura has figured it all out—as much as anyone can, at least—and it creates this "calm inside the storm" effect.
She's really a role model, someone we can all feel good wanting to emulate. And honestly? That kind of goes back to my original statement: It's Julianna Margulies.
For the future, I would love to see Laura return for The Morning Show Season 3. There's still so much story in her, especially with regards to her relationship to Bradley, and things were left so open-ended. We didn't get real closure.
So, yeah, I think it's necessary to bring her back at this point, especially considering some of the reactions to what Bradley said in the Season 2 finale about Laura thinking her family was crazy. Personally, I really, truly saw that as just Bradley feeling guilty about her own mess and insecure about her relationship because it's part of who she is to feel that way, at this point—and honestly, I've been there and projected like that—but I know it hurt a lot of people. At the very least, what I'm hearing from various reactions is how it felt like the continuation of this trope with lesbian characters being villains and/or villains being the ones who were coded a certain way as to imply being…something. I truly didn't think that was the intent, but everyone is going to react to art differently and with their own experiences. So, if there's any way at all to alleviate some of that pain, it needs to be done and done with care.
Besides, I just want more Julianna Margulies. I'm sure everyone who's ever met me will be incredibly surprised by that. But seriously, look at what she did with Laura Peterson in just barely more than half a season…And think of the possibilities for even more. Who, in their right mind, would pass that up?
Gissane: There's so much about The Morning Show Season 2 that gives the show the push it has needed to find its footing, and it succeeds at it. I was particularly fascinated by the pacing—how the series manages to feel so achingly slow at times while simultaneously a much quicker watch than Season 1 is beyond me.
And I wholeheartedly agree with what Shana so eloquently details above. The season not following through with the allegations regarding Mitch targeting Black women doesn't seem to match the bar the show established. However, if Season 3 potentially goes into holding other men accountable or more information somehow releases about Mitch, it's still something they could achieve (and I hope that they do). It could thoroughly strengthen the series because this isn't just an absence on The Morning Show, but film and TV, in general, need to do better.
Bringing Julianna Margulies into the show is entirely what makes The Morning Show Season 2 so special because it adds on to the powerhouse of complexities and it allows incredible actresses the chances to thoroughly challenge each other with roles that are just right for them.
Lindsay: As noted above, Shana really is the Julianna Marguiles expert here, but let me tell you, I am a quick study when it comes to brilliant middle-aged actresses playing lesbians. I have worked in the field of sexual assault/harassment for nearly a decade, so despite my love of Jennifer Aniston and deep appreciation of Reese Witherspoon (I am a child of the 90s afterall) I did not begin watching The Morning Show until I heard that Julianna Margulies would be in Season 2, playing an out lesbian journalist a la our Goddess and Savior Rachel Maddow.
Truly, Margulies has what she imbued into Laura Peterson so gorgeously; a steady and commanding presence that exudes power simply by being THERE. As Julianna Margulies herself noted about Laura, she as an actress is a thoroughbred. Neither Margulies nor Laura have to wield power against anyone; they just are powerful, and how this affects each character in Laura's orbit was one of the most interesting things to watch this season, in conjunction with you know, just simply staring at her gorgeous face and wardrobe.
Bradley is enamored by Laura, inspired by her, and quickly attracted in a romantic and sexual way. She doesn't understand why Laura is so upfront and without motive, despite such power in an industry that has done nothing but bend Bradley to its will from the jump and that Bradley has had to fight against every second to get minor shreds of power from. Laura is Bradley's rock and shelter from the very beginning, and with everyone thrown out into space this season with their storylines, I was so grateful for Bradley to have a character like Laura, with the tenderness and care that Marguiles can bring two seconds after being stern and sharply professional.
Alex is uncomfortable, fearful of Laura and her power. What could she do to Alex if she so chose, with her powerful friendships, insider knowledge/skill, and endless career accolades? Where Alex has stepped on her peers and others for her spot on The Morning Show, Laura completely built her power after complete devastation, in a way that seemingly brought people in and alongside her instead of under her expensive boots. And her career thrived above and beyond Alex's. Margulies plays her interactions with Aniston's character so beautifully because there's still that simmering anger and bitterness towards Alex for outing her carelessly 20 years ago. Still, she's also treating her like a gnat buzzing around her head that she easily brushes away.
I don't know that many actresses besides Julianna Marguiles who could have pulled Laura Peterson off so effortlessly. Yet as we know when hearing her speak of how she approaches roles, with infinitesimal detail and consideration that only she will ever fully know, but we get to enjoy and obsess over the result.
There's a lot more to explore with that character in relation to the others. I am partial, of course, to the evolving relationship and important representation with Bradley, but also to Laura's backstory and possible development over time. If we get a Season 3, which I very much hope we do, it would absolutely behoove the The Morning Show team to lock Julianna Marguiles' contract down FAST and for more than six episodes.
What storyline did you appreciate most?
Shana: The way The Morning Show Season 2 picked a particular moment in time and took us on this journey of early 2020 in New York was just so incredibly brilliant. I remember being absolutely kicked in the guts by the way the season premiere showed us both the New Year's Eve celebrations and the deserted city, and then, even if it was just in the background and overshadowed by all the other drama, the unfolding COVID-19 pandemic was still always right there. It was so true to life, even in terms of the way we reacted to the different moving parts of the season and prioritized those over the spread of the virus, and then there was another huge attack on the senses with how Jennifer Aniston portrayed Alex Levy fighting the disease.
It ought to be too soon for this kind of storyline and damning look at how poorly we dealt with the news in real time? But it was…oddly therapeutic.
Gissane: Once again, hard agree with Shana on this because any other show, and as a hypochondriac I wouldn't have handled dealing with the pandemic in my fiction consumption too. But The Morning Show Season 2 did a fascinating job of unravelling the uncertainties of it we all felt in the beginning along with the aftermath of Alex Levy contracting the virus. JENNIFER ANISTON'S PERFORMANCES. No words, and yet, a lot of attempts at words.
Also, anyone who knows me knows I'm a romance sap. I love a good ship. It's rare that I actually watch a show without falling in love with a ship, so the series bringing in Laura and Bradley this season was not only pleasantly surprising, but as individuals and together, their arcs are truly some of the most nuanced forms of storytelling the season. It it's beautiful, it's complex, and it was so real, the series would miss out on gold if they didn't carry it through in The Morning Show Season 3.
Lindsay: No one that has talked to me in the past three months, or who has followed me on social media, is surprised when I say that the storyline I most appreciated the most this season was Bradley's exploration of her sexuality with one Laura Peterson in conjunction with her family trauma and how it affects all of her relationships, but particularly, her evolving romantic one with Laura. Especially, as Bradley is in her 40s, is in some of the heights of her career, and has the baggage of family who she is still struggling to break from in a way that is on her own terms.
I also appreciated where The Morning Show Season 2 was starting to go in regards to the storylines with Mia, Daniel, Stella, and even Yanko, but then they got dropped like hot tamales for Mitch Kessler. More on that in the next question.
In addition, I actually agree with Gissane and Shana regarding how the pandemic was handled. I thought I would be yelling TOO SOON at the screen every moment, and while some of it still felt eerie and unsettling in a way that was obviously purposeful and yes, TOO SOON, I appreciated the build. The utter ridiculousness that was our initial response and media coverage, while accurate, did frustrate the hell out of me as we reach nearly two years into this spikey fucker's (thanks, Alexandra Levy) reign.
What storyline did you appreciate the least?
Shana: Aside from what I mentioned in the first question about not giving more than crumbs with respect to Blackness, I'd say just…whatever was going on with Paola. She had some good lines and good moments but was, overall, a weird Mitch stan who (apparently) hated young feminists. What was I supposed to get out of her? I have no idea, and that's a problem on a series like The Morning Show, where you could probably write whole encyclopedias about every little detail and still not manage to cover the massive amount of thought-provoking content it provided.
Gissane: Same, Paola doesn't seem to fit this show and going forward, I don't understand why we spent so much time with her? What to make Mitch the dream-maker hero? I…it really didn't work for me. But at the same time, there are still so many characters within TMS like Daniel and Mia that I feel we didn't spend enough time with when they're key players. Also, as much as I understand why The Morning Show Season 2, Episode 7 "La Amara Vita" happens, it could've had a better balance by cutting to other characters. I'm also going to agree with Lindsay above, but seriously, I never, ever want to hear the word "cancelled" again from this show.
Lindsay: So the reason I avoided this show initially was knowing the premise and doing the work in real life, I was in no way interested in watching, as most shows that highlight sexual assault/harassment and men's misconduct in positions of power, the centering of either the male's "reasons" for being a power-hungry creep or a gratuitous portrayal of sexual trauma that wasn't survivor focused. However, I went ahead and watched Season 1 in preparation for starting Season 2 and was actually surprised that while it did have some of the more stereotypical plot points that I was trying to avoid, the show blended it with enough nuance and consideration for the survivor's needs/wants. As well as a critique of power structures and systems that support long-term abuse, I had relatively high hopes for Season 2 (fully going in with caution because high hopes in my line of work for the understanding by media portrayals is not feasible). Then, instead of diving into all of the plot points that I have noted above as well as Shana and Gissane that were only cursorily addressed, the show went for the Mitch Kessler redemption arc…or at the very least, the "let's try and understand this man who caused so much pain to so many people including driving someone to end their life." I am not saying I don't understand that perspective or that in some spaces, these aren't needed portrayals. But we are past the point on a star-studded, massive show like The Morning Show that the narrative of the primary harm doer getting the focus is something we should even be telling.
There simply are not enough shows or movies giving space, time, and complexity to survivors, and I am very tired of that being the case. I am tired of pretending that the real problem is not spending enough time understanding the Mitch Kesslers of the world, while simultaneously, the same people yelling about cancel culture are also pointing fingers at the Hannah Schoenfelds of the world for even telling their stories in the first place and daring to be listened to or believed or to be human. End rant.
What surprised you the most about this season?
Shana: At the time I screened The Morning Show Season 2, there was basically zero information about Julianna Margulies' character, other than that, she existed. I couldn't figure out why she had kept so quiet or why she had this certain look on her face when asked about it during a virtual book tour event in the spring. But uh. Then, I screened "Laura." And suddenly, the facial expression that had haunted me for months made sense.
There were all these "now, kiss" types of moments between Laura and Bradley…but I never, ever expected them to actually go there—especially not at the end of their very first episode together. I mean, we're all so used to ships taking forever or never happening at all, especially when there are two women involved…right?
So, uh. Those inhuman noises you heard coming from the general direction of North Carolina's Research Triangle area in late August? That was me, reacting to them.
My other big surprise kind of ties in here, yet also kind of doesn't. I was really shocked by how some of the things Bradley was dealing with, with her brother refusing help for his addiction and Laura's advice to her about putting herself first, reflected some of what I was living through with a family member. It's a completely different situation, yet I wish to God I had a Laura in my life to constantly remind me that it's not just OK to back away if I need to but also the right thing. At some point, we have to protect ourselves. If that means walking away, then so be it. But, you know, guilt complex and whatnot…
Gissane: The Morning Show Season 2 surprised me a lot with how well it dealt with the complexities of accountability and what that truly means. It's not instant, it's not easy, and it requires people to really dig inwards toward the good, bad, and ugly. We see that with Alex Levy, and I appreciate the fact that the show didn't make it seem easy.
People are complicated and messy and in the same way, dealing with the bigger issues is just as messy. We see the exploration of it with Mitch as well. Bradley and Chip too. The conversation with Alex and Laura in "Testimony" lives rent-free in my mind for the transparency it captures between the two women and accountability on Alex's end. It's a fascinating, brilliant take into something that we as human beings are constantly digging into to understand better.
Lindsay: What surprised me the most about this season was two-fold. First, as noted by Shana, not only did they begin this storyline of having Bradley have this surprising chemistry with Laura Peterson, a woman. They actually ACTED on it by having Bradley kiss Laura by the end of that same episode, and Laura return the kiss. Then, they CONTINUED acting on it in the next episode…And before we knew it, the central romantic relationship of the show was the Southern closeted sexually fluid, in her early 40s, lead of The Morning Show and an out lesbian in her 50s who talks about therapy, healthy boundaries, and is in the prime of her career without competing with her peers. We have nuanced conversations around labels, career paths, utilizing our identity or not professionally, being outed early, being outed late, family responses, coworker responses, acknowledgment of trauma, toxic behavior in relationships, and the list goes on. There were archetype and trope-breaking portrayals, and even if it is two white, cis, privileged women, we STILL don't have a broad enough or common enough portrayal of those complex stories. And I was pleasantly surprised by all of it while feeling simultaneously dragged for filth. A friend of mine said about writing sometimes, that something can feel so personal, lines can blur between the writing, you, and any "notion of | 5,435 |
Kadaitcha – Southern Phlegm
Posted: 23 June 2019 in Albums
Tags: Album Review, Ambient, AvantGarde, Dark-Ambient, Drone, Industrial, industrial noise, Kadaitcha, post-industrial, Power Electronics, Ritual, Southern Phlegm, Ukraine
Of course I was always going to be sold on an album with a title like Southern Phlegm. I mean, what's not to like? Kadaitcha's third release straddles ambient, drone, industrial, and power electronics to deliver four tracks driven by throbbing pulsating grooves welded to repetitive, cyclical guitar lines, and rent with the gnarliest, nastiest treble-shredded distorted vocals.
The first, 'Phagocide' pumps away for over nine minutes. The guitar and synths form a messy sonic fusion, a thick mass of distortion while wibbling space-rock blasts of analogue send blurred neon arcs through the heavily-grained backdrop like shooting stars. 'Sewerbound' is appropriately titled as it plunges deeper into impenetrable murk. It's dominated by clattering percussion, the edges distorted and decayed, while screeding noise howls a vortex of sonic agony. Frequencies collide to create an endless flux of aural incompatibility. Everything is distorted, dirty, there's malice in every note. The lyrics are impossible to decipher from amidst the sonic blitzkrieg, but there's nothing about the delivery that suggests there's any comfort or kindness on offer here.
Slow, brooding ambience builds an unsettling atmosphere during the opening minutes of 'Datura', before the overloading guitar crashes in. It's got the low-end distortion of Sunn O))), but grinds away at a repetitive motif with the bludgeoning brutality of Swans. It's a full-on kick to the diaphragm.
Closing off, 'Vulpine Sacrifice' arrives almost by stealth, a snaking bassline strolls in slow and slow, a stop/start st<|fim_middle|> which landed at the front end of the summer. It's an expansion in every sense: sonically, it […]
ifitisn't – Colophon
Listen: 'Ghost of a Story' by IAMTHEMORNING | ammer gives it an almost hesitant feel. Circuits fizz, crackle and hiss all over the place, before the final two or three minutes find the conglomeration of elongated hums coalesce to create something approximating 'music', akin to a swelling organ drone. But you couldn't exactly call this brief moment of musicality that draws out to the fade the light at the end of the tunnel: it's low, slow, and ominous and seems, if anything, to point toward another darkened door which opens onto stairs leading to an eternal abyss.
Kadaitcha – Tar | Aural Aggravation says:
[…] Kozhukhar and Yurii Samson, have stepped up a gear for their fourth album, Tar, which follows Southern Phlegm, | 161 |
On 31st March 2019, MOHAN Foundation was invited by Mrs L P Thokal for giving awareness about the Organ Donation on the occasion Mother's Day Celebration in Holy Reedemer Church Dadar, Mumbai. Mrs L P Thokal introduced the speakers. Priest incharge Mr Reverend Samuel Mhaske then continued phrasing 'Like Blood; Organs Cannot Be<|fim_middle|> Henry Pardhe (secretary), Mr Noel Bhalerao (treasurer) and Priest in-charge Mr Reverend Samuel Mhaske for inviting us and supporting the cause of Organ Donation. | Manufactured So They Can Used Only If Somebody Donates Them'.
Dr. Jimmy Gupta introduced MOHAN Foundation as an NGO working passionately for deceased organ donation past 21 years. She explained the difference between Cardiac Death & Brain Death in-depth. Then she elaborated about the organs & tissues that can be donated by both the cases. She elaborated the procedure about bone donation which was new topic for the public. She explained 'How transparent is the organ allocation to the persons on waiting list'. She also introduced the public about new advances like Hand & Uterus transplant.
Mr. Akash Salve then addressed about the myths about Organ Donation public has & how we can debunk them by illustrating the real facts about Organ Donation. Thereafter he shared with audience how they could take the pledge and also how important it was to share the wish with their loved ones. He lastly showed few heart touching videos about organ donation to the gathering so they can empathize the power of organ donation. About 150 people attended the awareness session. Few pledges were filled online.
Dr. Jimmy and Mr. Akash received a Memento which has inscribed words supporting Organ Donation. We thank Mrs L P Thokal, Mr | 248 |
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