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shuffled_multiple/Fwe/min_knowledge_points_10_questions.txt

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+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ba-mu-berek-er-á̲ okuteye ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM2-OM1-work-FV that ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘They work for him, so that he becomes rich.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Subjunctives are also used in subordinate clauses, where they can carry the same functions as subjunctives in main clauses, or can be used to express the desired or intended consequence of the event expressed in the main clause, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99103166}--\ref{bkm:Ref99103168}).
+A: word: e-∅-zyúba	 gloss: AUG-NP5-sun
+B: word: a-é̲nd-e	 gloss: SM1-go-PFV.SBJV
+C: word: na-fum-í̲	 gloss: SM1.PST-become_rich-NPST.PFV
+D: word: a-fum-é̲	 gloss: SM1-become_rich-PFV.SBJV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+

shuffled_multiple/Fwe/min_knowledge_points_12_questions.txt

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+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): N-bu-rótu konó ___ N-bu-rótu nénja
+Gloss (with missing item): COP-NP14-good but ___ COP-NP14-good well
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘It is good, but it is not very good.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The auxiliary ri ‘be’ with a negative prefix is also used to negate nominal predicates. Affirmative nominal predicates are marked by a copulative prefix only (see \sectref{bkm:Ref489963307}). When negated with the auxiliary ri, the copulative prefix is maintained, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99104807}--\ref{bkm:Ref99104808}).
+A: word: n-bu-rótu	 gloss: COP-NP14-good
+B: word: ka-i-oːr-é̲sek-i	 gloss: NEG-SM9-can-NEUT-NEG
+C: word: ka-rí	 gloss: NEG-be
+D: word: ka-réː	 gloss: ADV-long
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): N-bu-rótu konó ka-rí ___ nénja
+Gloss (with missing item): COP-NP14-good but NEG-be ___ well
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘It is good, but it is not very good.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The auxiliary ri ‘be’ with a negative prefix is also used to negate nominal predicates. Affirmative nominal predicates are marked by a copulative prefix only (see \sectref{bkm:Ref489963307}). When negated with the auxiliary ri, the copulative prefix is maintained, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99104807}--\ref{bkm:Ref99104808}).
+A: word: n-bu-bbí	 gloss: COP-NP14-bad
+B: word: o-bu-rótu	 gloss: AUG-NP14-good
+C: word: n-bu-rótu	 gloss: COP-NP14-good
+D: word: ka-rí	 gloss: NEG-be
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): o-ú ___ ngó-mu-nzí u-angú
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-DEM.I3 ___ COP.DEF3-NP3-village PP3-POSS1SG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘This is not my village.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The auxiliary ri ‘be’ with a negative prefix is also used to negate nominal predicates. Affirmative nominal predicates are marked by a copulative prefix only (see \sectref{bkm:Ref489963307}). When negated with the auxiliary ri, the copulative prefix is maintained, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99104807}--\ref{bkm:Ref99104808}).
+A: word: ngó-mu-nzí	 gloss: COP.DEF3-NP3-village
+B: word: ka-réː	 gloss: ADV-long
+C: word: ka-i-oːr-é̲sek-i	 gloss: NEG-SM9-can-NEUT-NEG
+D: word: ka-rí	 gloss: NEG-be
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): o-ú ka-rí ___ u-angú
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-DEM.I3 NEG-be ___ PP3-POSS1SG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘This is not my village.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The auxiliary ri ‘be’ with a negative prefix is also used to negate nominal predicates. Affirmative nominal predicates are marked by a copulative prefix only (see \sectref{bkm:Ref489963307}). When negated with the auxiliary ri, the copulative prefix is maintained, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99104807}--\ref{bkm:Ref99104808}).
+A: word: ngó-mu-nzí	 gloss: COP.DEF3-NP3-village
+B: word: ∅-ku-mu-nzi	 gloss: COP-NP17-NP3-village
+C: word: ku-mu-nzí	 gloss: NP17-NP3-village
+D: word: ka-rí	 gloss: NEG-be
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+

shuffled_multiple/Fwe/min_knowledge_points_13_questions.txt

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+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ma-yíː a-bor-é̲te
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NP6-egg SM6-rot-STAT
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘These eggs, they’re rotten.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constituents can be moved out of their canonical position to the beginning of the clause, in which case they are morphologically and prosodically marked as a separate phrase. The prosodic marking of left dislocation is most clearly seen by the application of phrase-final tonal processes, namely the realization of underlying high tones as falling and the shift of final high tones to the penultimate mora (see \sectref{bkm:Ref445214894} on tonal processes), for instance, the final falling tone in the dislocated subject constituent in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778244}). The morphological marking of left dislocation is only seen on dislocated constituents that function as an object or locative adjunct, in which case the dislocated constituent needs to be cross-referenced by an object marker, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778246}), or locative clitic, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778247}).
+A: word: mú-kwamé	 gloss: NP1-man
+B: word: a-á	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I6
+C: word: e-cí	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I7
+D: word: ne-ndí̲-a-ya-á̲	 gloss: REM-SM1SG-PST-kill-FV<REL>
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): a-á ___ a-bor-é̲te
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-DEM.I6 ___ SM6-rot-STAT
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘These eggs, they’re rotten.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constituents can be moved out of their canonical position to the beginning of the clause, in which case they are morphologically and prosodically marked as a separate phrase. The prosodic marking of left dislocation is most clearly seen by the application of phrase-final tonal processes, namely the realization of underlying high tones as falling and the shift of final high tones to the penultimate mora (see \sectref{bkm:Ref445214894} on tonal processes), for instance, the final falling tone in the dislocated subject constituent in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778244}). The morphological marking of left dislocation is only seen on dislocated constituents that function as an object or locative adjunct, in which case the dislocated constituent needs to be cross-referenced by an object marker, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778246}), or locative clitic, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778247}).
+A: word: e-∅-gíː	 gloss: AUG-NP5-egg
+B: word: ma-yíː	 gloss: NP6-egg
+C: word: a-á	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I6
+D: word: ndí̲-a-ya=mó̲	 gloss: SM1SG-PST-go-FV=LOC18
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ mú-kwamé ka-ndi-mu-zyiH-í̲
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NP1-man NEG-SM1SG-OM1-know.STAT-NEG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘This man, I don’t know him.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constituents can be moved out of their canonical position to the beginning of the clause, in which case they are morphologically and prosodically marked as a separate phrase. The prosodic marking of left dislocation is most clearly seen by the application of phrase-final tonal processes, namely the realization of underlying high tones as falling and the shift of final high tones to the penultimate mora (see \sectref{bkm:Ref445214894} on tonal processes), for instance, the final falling tone in the dislocated subject constituent in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778244}). The morphological marking of left dislocation is only seen on dislocated constituents that function as an object or locative adjunct, in which case the dislocated constituent needs to be cross-referenced by an object marker, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778246}), or locative clitic, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778247}).
+A: word: o-zyú	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I1
+B: word: né=o-zyú	 gloss: COM=AUG-DEM.I1
+C: word: o-zywiná	 gloss: AUG-DEM.IV1
+D: word: ru-zyímbo	 gloss: NP11-song
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): o-zyú ___ ka-ndi-mu-zyiH-í̲
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-DEM.I1 ___ NEG-SM1SG-OM1-know.STAT-NEG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘This man, I don’t know him.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constituents can be moved out of their canonical position to the beginning of the clause, in which case they are morphologically and prosodically marked as a separate phrase. The prosodic marking of left dislocation is most clearly seen by the application of phrase-final tonal processes, namely the realization of underlying high tones as falling and the shift of final high tones to the penultimate mora (see \sectref{bkm:Ref445214894} on tonal processes), for instance, the final falling tone in the dislocated subject constituent in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778244}). The morphological marking of left dislocation is only seen on dislocated constituents that function as an object or locative adjunct, in which case the dislocated constituent needs to be cross-referenced by an object marker, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778246}), or locative clitic, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778247}).
+A: word: o-mú-kwamé	 gloss: AUG-NP1-man
+B: word: bá-mú-kwámé	 gloss: NP2-NP1-man
+C: word: mú-kwamé	 gloss: NP1-man
+D: word: o-rú	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I11
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ o-mu-nzi ndi-á̲-y-a=mó̲
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ AUG-NP3-village SM1SG-PST-go-FV=LOC18
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘That village, I’ve been there.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constituents can be moved out of their canonical position to the beginning of the clause, in which case they are morphologically and prosodically marked as a separate phrase. The prosodic marking of left dislocation is most clearly seen by the application of phrase-final tonal processes, namely the realization of underlying high tones as falling and the shift of final high tones to the penultimate mora (see \sectref{bkm:Ref445214894} on tonal processes), for instance, the final falling tone in the dislocated subject constituent in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778244}). The morphological marking of left dislocation is only seen on dislocated constituents that function as an object or locative adjunct, in which case the dislocated constituent needs to be cross-referenced by an object marker, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778246}), or locative clitic, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778247}).
+A: word: mo-winá	 gloss: NP18-DEM.IV3
+B: word: e-zwai	 gloss: AUG-salt
+C: word: mu-o-winá	 gloss: NP18-AUG-DEM.IV3
+D: word: bá-mú-kwámé	 gloss: NP2-NP1-man
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu-o-winá ___ ndi-á̲-y-a=mó̲
+Gloss (with missing item): NP18-AUG-DEM.IV3 ___ SM1SG-PST-go-FV=LOC18
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘That village, I’ve been there.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constituents can be moved out of their canonical position to the beginning of the clause, in which case they are morphologically and prosodically marked as a separate phrase. The prosodic marking of left dislocation is most clearly seen by the application of phrase-final tonal processes, namely the realization of underlying high tones as falling and the shift of final high tones to the penultimate mora (see \sectref{bkm:Ref445214894} on tonal processes), for instance, the final falling tone in the dislocated subject constituent in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778244}). The morphological marking of left dislocation is only seen on dislocated constituents that function as an object or locative adjunct, in which case the dislocated constituent needs to be cross-referenced by an object marker, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778246}), or locative clitic, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505778247}).
+A: word: o-mu-nzi	 gloss: AUG-NP3-village
+B: word: ku-mu-nzi	 gloss: NP17-NP3-village
+C: word: mu-nzi	 gloss: NP3-village
+D: word: háiba	 gloss: if
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ma-yíː a-bor-é̲te
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NP6-egg SM6-rot-STAT
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘These eggs, they’re rotten.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As the canonical position for the subject can be the preverbal position, not all subjects appearing before a verb are dislocated. This is only the case when a subject constituent at the left edge of a sentence is affected by phrase-final tone rules. Pre-verbal subjects that are not affected by these phrase-final processes are not left-dislocated, but remain in situ; this is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref449624390}), where the subject constituent bàmùrútí ‘teachers’ is not affected by the phrase-final tone process of H retraction, showing that it is not dislocated. Compare with (\ref{bkm:Ref505778244}) above, where phrase-final processes do affect the left-dislocated subject constituent àá màyîː ‘these eggs’.
+A: word: mbó-bu-ryáho	 gloss: COP.DEF14-NP14-like_that
+B: word: e-cí	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I7
+C: word: a-á	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I6
+D: word: ne-ndí̲-a-ya-á̲	 gloss: REM-SM1SG-PST-kill-FV<REL>
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): a-á ___ a-bor-é̲te
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-DEM.I6 ___ SM6-rot-STAT
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘These eggs, they’re rotten.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As the canonical position for the subject can be the preverbal position, not all subjects appearing before a verb are dislocated. This is only the case when a subject constituent at the left edge of a sentence is affected by phrase-final tone rules. Pre-verbal subjects that are not affected by these phrase-final processes are not left-dislocated, but remain in situ; this is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref449624390}), where the subject constituent bàmùrútí ‘teachers’ is not affected by the phrase-final tone process of H retraction, showing that it is not dislocated. Compare with (\ref{bkm:Ref505778244}) above, where phrase-final processes do affect the left-dislocated subject constituent àá màyîː ‘these eggs’.
+A: word: ndí̲-a-ya=mó̲	 gloss: SM1SG-PST-go-FV=LOC18
+B: word: e-∅-gíː	 gloss: AUG-NP5-egg
+C: word: ri-angú	 gloss: PP5-POSS1SG
+D: word: ma-yíː	 gloss: NP6-egg
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndi-ruH-shak-á̲ ___ ru-zyímbo
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-OM11-like-FV ___ NP11-song
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I like this song.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constituents can also be moved out of their canonical position to the right edge of the clause. Right dislocation resembles left dislocation in that dislocated objects and locative adjuncts require cross-referencing on the main clause verb, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491438233}--\ref{bkm:Ref449630026}), where the dislocated constituent is marked in bold. Right-dislocation may also target subjects, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505783997}).
+A: word: ka-ndi-rú-shak-í̲	 gloss: NEG-SM1SG-OM11-like-NEG
+B: word: o-rú	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I11
+C: word: ∅-ku-mu-nzi	 gloss: COP-NP17-NP3-village
+D: word: e-í	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I9
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndi-ruH-shak-á̲ o-rú ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-OM11-like-FV AUG-DEM.I11 ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I like this song.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constituents can also be moved out of their canonical position to the right edge of the clause. Right dislocation resembles left dislocation in that dislocated objects and locative adjuncts require cross-referencing on the main clause verb, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491438233}--\ref{bkm:Ref449630026}), where the dislocated constituent is marked in bold. Right-dislocation may also target subjects, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505783997}).
+A: word: ∅-ku-mu-nzi	 gloss: COP-NP17-NP3-village
+B: word: ku-zyímb-a	 gloss: INF-sing-FV
+C: word: ru-tángo	 gloss: NP11-story
+D: word: ru-zyímbo	 gloss: NP11-song
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndí̲-a-ya=mó̲ ___ o-mu-nzi
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-PST-go-FV=LOC18 ___ AUG-NP3-village
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I’ve been to that village.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constituents can also be moved out of their canonical position to the right edge of the clause. Right dislocation resembles left dislocation in that dislocated objects and locative adjuncts require cross-referencing on the main clause verb, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491438233}--\ref{bkm:Ref449630026}), where the dislocated constituent is marked in bold. Right-dislocation may also target subjects, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505783997}).
+A: word: ha-e-riná	 gloss: NP16-AUG-DEM.IV5
+B: word: mu-o-winá	 gloss: NP18-DEM.IV3
+C: word: ndi-shúnu	 gloss: COP-today
+D: word: mo-winá	 gloss: NP18-DEM.IV3
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndí̲-a-ya=mó̲ mo-winá ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-PST-go-FV=LOC18 NP18-DEM.IV3 ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I’ve been to that village.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constituents can also be moved out of their canonical position to the right edge of the clause. Right dislocation resembles left dislocation in that dislocated objects and locative adjuncts require cross-referencing on the main clause verb, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491438233}--\ref{bkm:Ref449630026}), where the dislocated constituent is marked in bold. Right-dislocation may also target subjects, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505783997}).
+A: word: ku-mu-nzi	 gloss: NP17-NP3-village
+B: word: o-mu-nzi	 gloss: AUG-NP3-village
+C: word: mu-nzi	 gloss: NP3-village
+D: word: a-á	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I6
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): shi-bá-ná-zyib-i ___ u-enú
+Gloss (with missing item): INC-SM2-PST-know-NPST.PFV ___ PP1-POSS2PL
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Your husband has now become aware.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constituents can also be moved out of their canonical position to the right edge of the clause. Right dislocation resembles left dislocation in that dislocated objects and locative adjuncts require cross-referencing on the main clause verb, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491438233}--\ref{bkm:Ref449630026}), where the dislocated constituent is marked in bold. Right-dislocation may also target subjects, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505783997}).
+A: word: mú-kwamé	 gloss: NP1-man
+B: word: bá-mú-kwámé	 gloss: NP2-NP1-man
+C: word: o-mú-kwamé	 gloss: AUG-NP1-man
+D: word: ndi-∅-gámbuti	 gloss: COP5-NP5-boot
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): shi-bá-ná-zyib-i bá-mú-kwámé ___
+Gloss (with missing item): INC-SM2-PST-know-NPST.PFV NP2-NP1-man ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Your husband has now become aware.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Constituents can also be moved out of their canonical position to the right edge of the clause. Right dislocation resembles left dislocation in that dislocated objects and locative adjuncts require cross-referencing on the main clause verb, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491438233}--\ref{bkm:Ref449630026}), where the dislocated constituent is marked in bold. Right-dislocation may also target subjects, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref505783997}).
+A: word: i-enú	 gloss: PP9-POSS2PL
+B: word: ndi-shih-cih-ar-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-PER-OM7-close-FV
+C: word: o-rú	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I11
+D: word: u-enú	 gloss: PP1-POSS2PL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndi-ruH-shak-á̲ ___ ru-zyímbo
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-OM11-like-FV ___ NP11-song
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I like this song.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Right dislocation differs from left dislocation, however, in the phonological phrasing of the dislocated constituent. Whereas left-dislocated constituents are always followed by a prosodic boundary, a prosodic boundary preceding the right-dislocated constituent is optional. Examples of right-dislocated constituents that do function as a separate phrase are given in (\ref{bkm:Ref491438233}--\ref{bkm:Ref449630026}), as seen from the application of phrase-final tonal processes on the verb preceding the dislocated constituent. An example of a right-dislocated constituent which is not preceded by a prosodic boundary is given in (\ref{bkm:Ref492136669}), as seen from the lack of high tone retraction on the verb preceding the dislocated constituent.
+A: word: e-í	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I9
+B: word: ka-ndi-rú-shak-í̲	 gloss: NEG-SM1SG-OM11-like-NEG
+C: word: o-rú	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I11
+D: word: kutêye	 gloss: COMP
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndi-ruH-shak-á̲ o-rú ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-OM11-like-FV AUG-DEM.I11 ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I like this song.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Right dislocation differs from left dislocation, however, in the phonological phrasing of the dislocated constituent. Whereas left-dislocated constituents are always followed by a prosodic boundary, a prosodic boundary preceding the right-dislocated constituent is optional. Examples of right-dislocated constituents that do function as a separate phrase are given in (\ref{bkm:Ref491438233}--\ref{bkm:Ref449630026}), as seen from the application of phrase-final tonal processes on the verb preceding the dislocated constituent. An example of a right-dislocated constituent which is not preceded by a prosodic boundary is given in (\ref{bkm:Ref492136669}), as seen from the lack of high tone retraction on the verb preceding the dislocated constituent.
+A: word: u-enú	 gloss: PP1-POSS2PL
+B: word: ku-zyímb-a	 gloss: INF-sing-FV
+C: word: ru-zyímbo	 gloss: NP11-song
+D: word: ru-tángo	 gloss: NP11-story
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndí̲-a-ya=mó̲ ___ o-mu-nzi
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-PST-go-FV=LOC18 ___ AUG-NP3-village
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I’ve been to that village.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Right dislocation differs from left dislocation, however, in the phonological phrasing of the dislocated constituent. Whereas left-dislocated constituents are always followed by a prosodic boundary, a prosodic boundary preceding the right-dislocated constituent is optional. Examples of right-dislocated constituents that do function as a separate phrase are given in (\ref{bkm:Ref491438233}--\ref{bkm:Ref449630026}), as seen from the application of phrase-final tonal processes on the verb preceding the dislocated constituent. An example of a right-dislocated constituent which is not preceded by a prosodic boundary is given in (\ref{bkm:Ref492136669}), as seen from the lack of high tone retraction on the verb preceding the dislocated constituent.
+A: word: mo-winá	 gloss: NP18-DEM.IV3
+B: word: mú-kwamé	 gloss: NP1-man
+C: word: mu-o-winá	 gloss: NP18-DEM.IV3
+D: word: ha-e-riná	 gloss: NP16-AUG-DEM.IV5
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 17:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndí̲-a-ya=mó̲ mo-winá ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-PST-go-FV=LOC18 NP18-DEM.IV3 ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I’ve been to that village.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Right dislocation differs from left dislocation, however, in the phonological phrasing of the dislocated constituent. Whereas left-dislocated constituents are always followed by a prosodic boundary, a prosodic boundary preceding the right-dislocated constituent is optional. Examples of right-dislocated constituents that do function as a separate phrase are given in (\ref{bkm:Ref491438233}--\ref{bkm:Ref449630026}), as seen from the application of phrase-final tonal processes on the verb preceding the dislocated constituent. An example of a right-dislocated constituent which is not preceded by a prosodic boundary is given in (\ref{bkm:Ref492136669}), as seen from the lack of high tone retraction on the verb preceding the dislocated constituent.
+A: word: o-mu-nzi	 gloss: AUG-NP3-village
+B: word: o-zyú	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I1
+C: word: mu-nzi	 gloss: NP3-village
+D: word: ku-mu-nzi	 gloss: NP17-NP3-village
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 18:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu-ruH-shak-á̲ ___ ru-zyímbo
+Gloss (with missing item): SM2PL-OM11-like-FV ___ NP11-song
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Do you like this song?’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Right dislocation differs from left dislocation, however, in the phonological phrasing of the dislocated constituent. Whereas left-dislocated constituents are always followed by a prosodic boundary, a prosodic boundary preceding the right-dislocated constituent is optional. Examples of right-dislocated constituents that do function as a separate phrase are given in (\ref{bkm:Ref491438233}--\ref{bkm:Ref449630026}), as seen from the application of phrase-final tonal processes on the verb preceding the dislocated constituent. An example of a right-dislocated constituent which is not preceded by a prosodic boundary is given in (\ref{bkm:Ref492136669}), as seen from the lack of high tone retraction on the verb preceding the dislocated constituent.
+A: word: ka-ndi-rú-shak-í̲	 gloss: NEG-SM1SG-OM11-like-NEG
+B: word: e-í	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I9
+C: word: o-rú	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I11
+D: word: i-onké	 gloss: PP5-one
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 19:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu-ruH-shak-á̲ o-rú ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM2PL-OM11-like-FV AUG-DEM.I11 ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Do you like this song?’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Right dislocation differs from left dislocation, however, in the phonological phrasing of the dislocated constituent. Whereas left-dislocated constituents are always followed by a prosodic boundary, a prosodic boundary preceding the right-dislocated constituent is optional. Examples of right-dislocated constituents that do function as a separate phrase are given in (\ref{bkm:Ref491438233}--\ref{bkm:Ref449630026}), as seen from the application of phrase-final tonal processes on the verb preceding the dislocated constituent. An example of a right-dislocated constituent which is not preceded by a prosodic boundary is given in (\ref{bkm:Ref492136669}), as seen from the lack of high tone retraction on the verb preceding the dislocated constituent.
+A: word: ru-zyímbo	 gloss: NP11-song
+B: word: ku-zyímb-a	 gloss: INF-sing-FV
+C: word: mbó-bu-ryáho	 gloss: COP.DEF14-NP14-like_that
+D: word: ru-tángo	 gloss: NP11-story
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 20:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndi-ké̲ːzy-a ku-tónd-a ___ ndu-∅-ngwe
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-come-FV INF-see-FV ___ COP1a-NP1a-leopard
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I came and saw that it is a leopard.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The forms kùtí / kùtêyè / ìyé can introduce various types of dependent clauses. It can be used to introduce a complement clause, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref490816023}), where ìyé marks a complement clause that functions as the object of the main clause verb shòshùwírè ‘you hear’. A complement clause marked by kùtí is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref494562355}), and a complement clause introduced by kùtêyè in (\ref{bkm:Ref494562359}).
+A: word: ná̲-na-ku-kut-i	 gloss: REM-SM1.PST-OM2SG-curse-NPST.PFV
+B: word: ne=yé	 gloss: COM=PERS3SG
+C: word: mbó-bu-ryáho	 gloss: COP.DEF14-NP14-like_that
+D: word: kutêye	 gloss: COMP
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 21:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ mbo-á̲-shoHk-é̲ o-∅-mvúra ka-ndi-é̲nd-i
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NEAR.FUT-SM1a-rain-PFV.SBJV AUG-NP1a-rain NEG-SM1SG-go-NEG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘If it rains, I will not go.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: háìbà is a borrowing from Lozi haiba ‘its gloss ___’ \citep[78]{Burger1960}. In Fwe, it may occur on its own, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71274435}--\ref{bkm:Ref490820378}), or it may combine with the native complementizer kùtí (and variations thereof), as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71274461}).
+A: word: mú-kwamé	 gloss: NP1-man
+B: word: háiba	 gloss: if
+C: word: konó	 gloss: but
+D: word: na-ndí̲-a-zibar-a	 gloss: REM-SM1SG-PST-forget-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 22:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ri-angú ka-ndí̲-keHker-á̲
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PP5-POSS1SG PST.IPFV-SM1SG-plough-FV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘It was my field that I was ploughing.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Less complex nominal modifiers, such as a possessive or a numeral, are allowed in the clefted element, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref98513181}--\ref{bkm:Ref98513182}); the clefted element is marked in bold.
+A: word: ri-angú	 gloss: PP5-POSS1SG
+B: word: ndi-∅-sozú	 gloss: COP5-NP5-grass
+C: word: ndi-∅-gámbuti	 gloss: COP5-NP5-boot
+D: word: ndi-∅-wá	 gloss: COP5-NP5-field
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 23:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndi-∅-wá ___ ka-ndí̲-keHker-á̲
+Gloss (with missing item): COP5-NP5-field ___ PST.IPFV-SM1SG-plough-FV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘It was my field that I was ploughing.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Less complex nominal modifiers, such as a possessive or a numeral, are allowed in the clefted element, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref98513181}--\ref{bkm:Ref98513182}); the clefted element is marked in bold.
+A: word: ri-angú	 gloss: PP5-POSS1SG
+B: word: a-angú	 gloss: PP6-POSS1SG
+C: word: i-angú	 gloss: PP9-POSS1SG
+D: word: ndi-wé	 gloss: COP-PERS2SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 24:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ i-onké tú̲-kabir-á̲
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PP5-one SM1PL\-.REL-enter-FV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘It’s the same church that we go to.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Less complex nominal modifiers, such as a possessive or a numeral, are allowed in the clefted element, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref98513181}--\ref{bkm:Ref98513182}); the clefted element is marked in bold.
+A: word: nji-∅-céci	 gloss: COP9-NP9-church
+B: word: n-o-mó	 gloss: COP-AUG-DEM.III18
+C: word: mú-∅-céci	 gloss: NP18-NP9-church
+D: word: ku-rur-a	 gloss: INF-be_bitter-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 25:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): nji-∅-céci ___ tú̲-kabir-á̲
+Gloss (with missing item): COP9-NP9-church ___ SM1PL\-.REL-enter-FV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘It’s the same church that we go to.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Less complex nominal modifiers, such as a possessive or a numeral, are allowed in the clefted element, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref98513181}--\ref{bkm:Ref98513182}); the clefted element is marked in bold.
+A: word: i-onké	 gloss: PP5-one
+B: word: ye-nkéː	 gloss: PP1-one
+C: word: háiba	 gloss: if
+D: word: ci-ongo	 gloss: NP7-storage
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 26:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ni-bá̲-kiH-toHboh-er-á̲
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PST-SM2-REFL-console-APPL-FV<REL>
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘That’s how they consoled themselves.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The clefted element does not need to consist of a full noun, but can also consist of a demonstrative, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref449953081}), or a personal pronoun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref449953090}).
+A: word: i-onké	 gloss: PP5-one
+B: word: n-o-mó	 gloss: COP-AUG-DEM.III18
+C: word: sí-o-mu-bízu	 gloss: INC-AUG-NP3-something_ripe
+D: word: nzé-zo	 gloss: COP.DEF8-DEM.III8
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 27:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ó̲-zyá̲ːk-a
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ SM2SG.REL-build-FV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘It is you who builds.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The clefted element does not need to consist of a full noun, but can also consist of a demonstrative, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref449953081}), or a personal pronoun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref449953090}).
+A: word: ka-ndi-mu-zyih-í̲	 gloss: NEG-SM1SG-OM1-know.STAT-NEG
+B: word: o-rú	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I11
+C: word: ndi-wé	 gloss: COP-PERS2SG
+D: word: ndi-nwé	 gloss: COP-PERS2PL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 28:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ á̲-bboHz-á̲
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ SM\-1.REL-bark-FV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘It’s a dog who barks.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Any kind of constituent can be clefted; examples are given where the clefted element is a subject in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336656}), an object in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336657}), a locative in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336658}), an adverb in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336660}), and a temporal adverb in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336661}).
+A: word: o-∅-mbwá	 gloss: AUG-NP1a-dog
+B: word: u-enú	 gloss: PP1-POSS2PL
+C: word: ndu-∅-mbwá	 gloss: COP1a-NP1a-dog
+D: word: ku-∅-mbwá	 gloss: NP17-NP1a-dog
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 29:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): hapé ___ ndí̲-zyabere
+Gloss (with missing item): again ___ SM1SG.REL-wear.STAT
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Again, it’s boots that I am wearing.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Any kind of constituent can be clefted; examples are given where the clefted element is a subject in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336656}), an object in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336657}), a locative in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336658}), an adverb in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336660}), and a temporal adverb in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336661}).
+A: word: ndi-∅-sozú	 gloss: COP5-NP5-grass
+B: word: n-o-mó	 gloss: COP-AUG-DEM.III18
+C: word: ndi-∅-wá	 gloss: COP5-NP5-field
+D: word: ndi-∅-gámbuti	 gloss: COP5-NP5-boot
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 30:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): shunu ___ ndí̲-y-a
+Gloss (with missing item): today ___ SM1SG.REL-go-FV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Today, it is to home that I go.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Any kind of constituent can be clefted; examples are given where the clefted element is a subject in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336656}), an object in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336657}), a locative in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336658}), an adverb in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336660}), and a temporal adverb in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336661}).
+A: word: ku-mu-nzi	 gloss: NP17-NP3-village
+B: word: ku-mu-nzí	 gloss: NP17-NP3-village
+C: word: ∅-ku-mu-nzi	 gloss: COP-NP17-NP3-village
+D: word: a-á	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I6
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 31:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ni-í̲-a-pang-ahar-ir-á̲
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PST-SM9-PST-do-NEUT-APPL-FV<REL>
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘That is how it happened.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Any kind of constituent can be clefted; examples are given where the clefted element is a subject in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336656}), an object in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336657}), a locative in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336658}), an adverb in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336660}), and a temporal adverb in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336661}).
+A: word: ∅-ku-mu-nzi	 gloss: COP-NP17-NP3-village
+B: word: n-bu-ryahó	 gloss: COP-NP14-like_that
+C: word: mbó-bu-ryahó	 gloss: COP.DEF14-NP14-like_that
+D: word: mbó-bu-ryáho	 gloss: COP.DEF14-NP14-like_that
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 32:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ndi-a-tátik-i keːzy-a kunu
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ SM1SG-PST-start-NPST.PFV come-FV DEM.II17
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘It’s today that I started to come here.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Any kind of constituent can be clefted; examples are given where the clefted element is a subject in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336656}), an object in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336657}), a locative in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336658}), an adverb in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336660}), and a temporal adverb in (\ref{bkm:Ref75336661}).
+A: word: ndi-shih-tw-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-PER-pound-FV
+B: word: ndi-∅-gámbuti	 gloss: COP5-NP5-boot
+C: word: ndi-zyóna	 gloss: COP-tomorrow
+D: word: ndi-shúnu	 gloss: COP-today
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+

shuffled_multiple/Fwe/min_knowledge_points_4_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,559 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): na-shúm-iw-a ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1.PST-bite-PASS-FV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He was bitten by a dog.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The class 17 locative ku- can be used to mark an agent in a construction where an agent cannot be marked as a core argument. This is the case, for instance, for verbs with the passive derivation, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref450665409}), or nouns, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref450665567}). The class 17 prefix ku- may also be used to express less canonical agents, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref450666359}), or even peripheral arguments functioning as a reason or circumstance, rather than an agent, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref498346503}). The agentive use of the class 17 prefix is also seen in various other Bantu languages \citep{Fleisch2005}.
+A: word: hanú	 gloss: DEM.II16
+B: word: o-∅-mbwá	 gloss: AUG-NP1a-dog
+C: word: kú-∅-mbwá	 gloss: NP17-NP1a-dog
+D: word: ndu-∅-mbwá	 gloss: COP1a-NP1a-dog
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndó-ru-fú ru-ba-nyá-muzambarara ___
+Gloss (with missing item): COP.DEF11-NP11-death PP11-NP2-mother-Muzambarara ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘That is the death of Mrs. Muzambarara by the elephant.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The class 17 locative ku- can be used to mark an agent in a construction where an agent cannot be marked as a core argument. This is the case, for instance, for verbs with the passive derivation, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref450665409}), or nouns, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref450665567}). The class 17 prefix ku- may also be used to express less canonical agents, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref450666359}), or even peripheral arguments functioning as a reason or circumstance, rather than an agent, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref498346503}). The agentive use of the class 17 prefix is also seen in various other Bantu languages \citep{Fleisch2005}.
+A: word: o-∅-njovú	 gloss: AUG-NP1a-elephant
+B: word: o-∅-njovu	 gloss: AUG-NP1a-elephant
+C: word: kú-∅-njovu	 gloss: NP17-NP1a-elephant
+D: word: o-zyó	 gloss: AUG-DEM.III1
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-ci-zyabaró ci-angú ci-a-bur-ú̲k-i ___
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP7-shirt PP7-POSS1SG SM7-PST-blow-SEP.INTR-NPST.PFV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘My shirt was blown away by the wind.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The class 17 locative ku- can be used to mark an agent in a construction where an agent cannot be marked as a core argument. This is the case, for instance, for verbs with the passive derivation, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref450665409}), or nouns, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref450665567}). The class 17 prefix ku- may also be used to express less canonical agents, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref450666359}), or even peripheral arguments functioning as a reason or circumstance, rather than an agent, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref498346503}). The agentive use of the class 17 prefix is also seen in various other Bantu languages \citep{Fleisch2005}.
+A: word: kú-ru-wa	 gloss: NP17-NP11-field
+B: word: kú-rúː-ho	 gloss: NP17-NP11-wind
+C: word: mu-oya	 gloss: NP3-wind
+D: word: zí-ngiː	 gloss: PP10-many
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-zi-zwáto zi-na-bó̲mb-i ___
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP8-cloth SM8-PST-become_wet-NPST.PFV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The clothes have become wet because of the rain.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The class 17 locative ku- can be used to mark an agent in a construction where an agent cannot be marked as a core argument. This is the case, for instance, for verbs with the passive derivation, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref450665409}), or nouns, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref450665567}). The class 17 prefix ku- may also be used to express less canonical agents, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref450666359}), or even peripheral arguments functioning as a reason or circumstance, rather than an agent, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref498346503}). The agentive use of the class 17 prefix is also seen in various other Bantu languages \citep{Fleisch2005}.
+A: word: há-munya	 gloss: PP16-other
+B: word: o-∅-mvúra	 gloss: AUG-NP1a-rain
+C: word: o-∅-rain	 gloss: AUG-NP1a-rain
+D: word: kú-∅-mvúra	 gloss: NP17-NP1a-rain
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ hanja
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ hand
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘this hand’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The tonal realization of demonstratives depends on their syntactic position. Adnominal demonstratives have a high tone on the last mora of the stem, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref494890604}). Adverbial demonstratives have a high tone on the first stem mora, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref494890605}). Demonstratives used as relativizers are realized without any high tones, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref494890607}) (see also \sectref{bkm:Ref491095705} on relative clauses). The tonal behavior of pronominal demonstratives requires further study: various patterns are attested, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref75346009}--\ref{bkm:Ref75250854}), and it is unclear what, if anything, conditions their use.
+A: word: kú-ba-ntu	 gloss: NP17-NP2-person
+B: word: e-rí	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I5
+C: word: ndi-ó=ku-rí-dam-a	 gloss: PP1SG-CON=INF-OM5-beat-FV
+D: word: e-cí	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I7
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndi-kar-á̲ng-a ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-sit-HAB-FV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I normally stay here.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The tonal realization of demonstratives depends on their syntactic position. Adnominal demonstratives have a high tone on the last mora of the stem, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref494890604}). Adverbial demonstratives have a high tone on the first stem mora, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref494890605}). Demonstratives used as relativizers are realized without any high tones, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref494890607}) (see also \sectref{bkm:Ref491095705} on relative clauses). The tonal behavior of pronominal demonstratives requires further study: various patterns are attested, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref75346009}--\ref{bkm:Ref75250854}), and it is unclear what, if anything, conditions their use.
+A: word: kúnu	 gloss: DEM.II17
+B: word: ba-onshéː	 gloss: PP2-all
+C: word: hanú	 gloss: DEM.II16
+D: word: ∅-rukúngwe	 gloss: NP1a-snake
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): a-ma-sheréŋi ___ ni-tú̲-a-shaHngaur-á̲
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP6-money ___ REM-SM1PL-PST-contribute-FV<REL>
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘the money that we contributed’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The tonal realization of demonstratives depends on their syntactic position. Adnominal demonstratives have a high tone on the last mora of the stem, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref494890604}). Adverbial demonstratives have a high tone on the first stem mora, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref494890605}). Demonstratives used as relativizers are realized without any high tones, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref494890607}) (see also \sectref{bkm:Ref491095705} on relative clauses). The tonal behavior of pronominal demonstratives requires further study: various patterns are attested, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref75346009}--\ref{bkm:Ref75250854}), and it is unclear what, if anything, conditions their use.
+A: word: ka-o-ku-óngoz-a	 gloss: ADV-AUG-INF-shout-FV
+B: word: a-o	 gloss: AUG-DEM.III6
+C: word: e-co	 gloss: AUG-DEM.III7
+D: word: zyú-mwi	 gloss: PP1-other
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ∅-shene ó̲-bweHne ndi-wé
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NP5-worm SM2SG.REL-see.STAT COP-PERS2SG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘This very worm that you see, it’s you.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition to the demonstrative forms listed in \tabref{tab:4:19}, an emphatic demonstrative can be created by prefixing the basic demonstrative stem of series I to the demonstrative, e.g. zyo ‘that one’, zyu-zyo ‘that very one’. This can be applied to demonstratives of all four series, as illustrated for series III in (\ref{bkm:Ref99547938}) and series I in (\ref{bkm:Ref99547939}); in each case, it is the basic demonstrative stem of series I that is prefixed to the demonstrative stem. The derived demonstrative indicates extra emphasis, translated as ‘this/that very (same)’.
+A: word: ci-ciná	 gloss: EMPH7-DEM.IV7
+B: word: bu-ryo	 gloss: NP14-only
+C: word: rí-ryo	 gloss: EMPH-DEM.III5
+D: word: bu-a=có	 gloss: PP14-CON=DEM.III7
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ N-shángu zi-cen-á̲
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NP10-shoe SM10-be_clean-FV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘These shoes are clean.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The situational use of the series 1 demonstratives is to indicate that a referent is generally close to both the hearer and the speaker, as illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref450568975}), referring to shoes that are in the immediate vicinity of both the speaker and the hearer.
+A: word: bú-munya	 gloss: PP14-other
+B: word: ku-kóːr-a	 gloss: INF-cough-FV
+C: word: ndi-a-zí-sá̲nz-i	 gloss: SM1SG-PST-OM8-wash-NPST.PFV
+D: word: e-zí	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I10
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): emé ndi-hí̲nd-e ___ ma-inó
+Gloss (with missing item): PERS1SG SM1SG-take-PFV.SBJV ___ NP6-tooth
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I will take those teeth.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Series IV demonstratives are used to indicate a referent far from both the speaker and the hearer. In (\ref{bkm:Ref450569612}), taken from a narrative, the speaker uses a series IV demontrative énà to refer to teeth that are hidden at a place far away from the speaker and the hearer.
+A: word: zi-a=shúnu	 gloss: PP8-CON=today
+B: word: a-bená	 gloss: AUG-DEM.IV2
+C: word: ená	 gloss: DEM.IV6
+D: word: iná	 gloss: DEM.IV9
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kónakuri ___ ∅-kande ri-á=ba-njovu
+Gloss (with missing item): because ___ NP5-story PP5\--CON=NP2-elephant
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Because of this story of the elephants…’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Demonstratives also have various non-situational uses. One of these is the use of a demonstrative for discourse deixis, i.e. to refer to the general information referent of a larger, broader chunk of discourse. In (\ref{bkm:Ref437947332}), the series III demonstrative èryó ‘that’ refers back to the topic of the preceding discourse in its entirety, which has described the attack on an old lady by elephants.
+A: word: bu-ryó	 gloss: NP14-only
+B: word: e-ryó	 gloss: AUG-DEM.III5
+C: word: rí-ryo	 gloss: EMPH-DEM.III5
+D: word: e-co	 gloss: AUG-DEM.III7
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ mú-kwamé á-ku-hind-á ka-tému
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NP1-man PP1-INF-take-FV NP12-axe
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘That man took an axe…’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Salience, or accessibility \citep{Ariel2001}, describes how easy it is for the listener to retrieve the intended referent from the discourse. Accessibility is influenced by various factors, such as the number of times the referent was mentioned, the time elapsed since the last mention and the number of potentially competing referents that were introduced since then. In (\ref{bkm:Ref437948356}), the recent use of the word mùnzì ‘village’ has caused its referent to be highly salient, and therefore referred to with the series III demonstrative. An example where the frequent earlier mention of the referent has contributed to its salience is given in (\ref{bkm:Ref437948827}), taken from the middle section of a longer narrative in which a man, his wife and the wife’s younger sister are the main participants. All three main characters have been mentioned frequently in the previous discourse, hence allowing one of them, the man, to be referred to with the series III demonstrative.
+A: word: o-zyó	 gloss: AUG-DEM.III1
+B: word: o-zyú	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I1
+C: word: e-ryó	 gloss: AUG-DEM.III5
+D: word: ba-o=kú-mu-nzi	 gloss: PP2-CON=NP17-NP3-village
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): a-ba-ntu ___ si-ba-end-ang-a=kó̲ ne=N-motá
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP2-person ___ INC-SM2-go-HAB-FV=LOC17 COM=NP9-car
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘People, now, they go there with cars.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This temporal function of the series II demonstrative is also reflected in the use of the locative demonstrative of class 16, which can be used adverbially meaning ‘(right) now’, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491101554}--\ref{bkm:Ref491101556}).
+A: word: mba-ndí̲-bah-nanú̲n-e	 gloss: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-OM2-lift-PFV.SBJV
+B: word: e-ryó	 gloss: AUG-DEM.III5
+C: word: kunu	 gloss: DEM.II17
+D: word: hanú	 gloss: DEM.II16
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): o-mu-ánce ka-rí ka-á̲-kiH-shuHw-í̲re nénja konó ___ sha-a-kiH-shuHw-í̲re nénja
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP1-child NEG-be PST.IPFV-SM1-REFL-feel-STAT well but ___ INC-SM1-REFL-feel-STAT well
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The child was not feeling well (earlier), but now she is feeling well.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This temporal function of the series II demonstrative is also reflected in the use of the locative demonstrative of class 16, which can be used adverbially meaning ‘(right) now’, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491101554}--\ref{bkm:Ref491101556}).
+A: word: hanó	 gloss: DEM.II16
+B: word: kunu	 gloss: DEM.II17
+C: word: bú-munya	 gloss: PP14-other
+D: word: hanú	 gloss: DEM.II16
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): hanja ___
+Gloss (with missing item): hand ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Rebecca’s hand’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The form of the connective also changes depending on the nature of the dependent noun. When the dependent is a noun that cannot take an augment, the vowel of the connective stem is always /a/, in both Namibian and Zambian Fwe. This is the case with proper names, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref492119044}), and adverbs, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491175346}). The vowel of the connective is also realized as a when used with a demonstrative pronoun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71190780}--\ref{bkm:Ref71190782}), as opposed to when the connective is used with an adnominal demonstrative, in which case the vowel of the connective is determined by the augment of the demonstrative; see (\ref{bkm:Ref491276208}--\ref{bkm:Ref491276210}).
+A: word: ri-angú	 gloss: PP5-POSS1SG
+B: word: ri-a=rebecca	 gloss: PP5-CON=Rebecca
+C: word: i-o=zyú-mwi	 gloss: PP9-CON=PP1-other
+D: word: kúnu	 gloss: DEM.II17
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-zi-ambo ___ N-zí-ci-koró ci-á=mayuni
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP8-topic ___ COP-PP8-NP7-school PP7-CON=Mayuni
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Today’s topic is Mayuni school.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The form of the connective also changes depending on the nature of the dependent noun. When the dependent is a noun that cannot take an augment, the vowel of the connective stem is always /a/, in both Namibian and Zambian Fwe. This is the case with proper names, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref492119044}), and adverbs, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491175346}). The vowel of the connective is also realized as a when used with a demonstrative pronoun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71190780}--\ref{bkm:Ref71190782}), as opposed to when the connective is used with an adnominal demonstrative, in which case the vowel of the connective is determined by the augment of the demonstrative; see (\ref{bkm:Ref491276208}--\ref{bkm:Ref491276210}).
+A: word: ne=shúnu	 gloss: COM=today
+B: word: i-o=zyú-mwi	 gloss: PP9-CON=PP1-other
+C: word: zi-a=shúnu	 gloss: PP8-CON=today
+D: word: e-mi-ísi	 gloss: AUG-NP4-root
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ba-nyúmbu ne=mi-círa ___
+Gloss (with missing item): NP2-wildebeest COM=NP4-tail ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The wildebeests and their tails.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The form of the connective also changes depending on the nature of the dependent noun. When the dependent is a noun that cannot take an augment, the vowel of the connective stem is always /a/, in both Namibian and Zambian Fwe. This is the case with proper names, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref492119044}), and adverbs, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491175346}). The vowel of the connective is also realized as a when used with a demonstrative pronoun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71190780}--\ref{bkm:Ref71190782}), as opposed to when the connective is used with an adnominal demonstrative, in which case the vowel of the connective is determined by the augment of the demonstrative; see (\ref{bkm:Ref491276208}--\ref{bkm:Ref491276210}).
+A: word: u-á=bená	 gloss: PP3-CON=DEM.IV2
+B: word: ri-á=ba-njovu	 gloss: PP5\--CON=NP2-elephant
+C: word: i-á=bo	 gloss: PP4-CON=DEM.III2
+D: word: ba-o=kú-mu-nzi	 gloss: PP2-CON=NP17-NP3-village
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 17:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-ci-ntu ne=ci-ntu ci-kwesi o-bu-rótu ___ no=bu-bbí bu-a=có
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP7-thing COM=NP7-thing SM7-have AUG-NP14-good ___ COM=AUG-NP14-bad PP14-CON=DEM.III7
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Everything has its advantage and its disadvantage.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The form of the connective also changes depending on the nature of the dependent noun. When the dependent is a noun that cannot take an augment, the vowel of the connective stem is always /a/, in both Namibian and Zambian Fwe. This is the case with proper names, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref492119044}), and adverbs, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491175346}). The vowel of the connective is also realized as a when used with a demonstrative pronoun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71190780}--\ref{bkm:Ref71190782}), as opposed to when the connective is used with an adnominal demonstrative, in which case the vowel of the connective is determined by the augment of the demonstrative; see (\ref{bkm:Ref491276208}--\ref{bkm:Ref491276210}).
+A: word: i-e=cí	 gloss: PP4-CON=DEM.I7
+B: word: no=bu-ató	 gloss: COM=NP14-canoe
+C: word: bu-a=có	 gloss: PP14-CON=DEM.III7
+D: word: zi-onshéː	 gloss: PP10-all
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 18:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-ci-ntu ne=ci-ntu ci-kwesi o-bu-rótu bu-a=có no=bu-bbí ___
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP7-thing COM=NP7-thing SM7-have AUG-NP14-good PP14-CON=DEM.III7 COM=AUG-NP14-bad ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Everything has its advantage and its disadvantage.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The form of the connective also changes depending on the nature of the dependent noun. When the dependent is a noun that cannot take an augment, the vowel of the connective stem is always /a/, in both Namibian and Zambian Fwe. This is the case with proper names, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref492119044}), and adverbs, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491175346}). The vowel of the connective is also realized as a when used with a demonstrative pronoun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71190780}--\ref{bkm:Ref71190782}), as opposed to when the connective is used with an adnominal demonstrative, in which case the vowel of the connective is determined by the augment of the demonstrative; see (\ref{bkm:Ref491276208}--\ref{bkm:Ref491276210}).
+A: word: kú-∅-mbwá	 gloss: NP17-NP1a-dog
+B: word: i-e=cí	 gloss: PP4-CON=DEM.I7
+C: word: bu-a=có	 gloss: PP14-CON=DEM.III7
+D: word: no=bu-ató	 gloss: COM=NP14-canoe
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 19:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ i-e=cí ci-shamú N-mu-shamú
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PP4-CON=DEM.I7 NP7-tree COP-NP3-medicine
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The roots of this tree are medicine.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The form of the connective also changes depending on the nature of the dependent noun. When the dependent is a noun that cannot take an augment, the vowel of the connective stem is always /a/, in both Namibian and Zambian Fwe. This is the case with proper names, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref492119044}), and adverbs, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491175346}). The vowel of the connective is also realized as a when used with a demonstrative pronoun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71190780}--\ref{bkm:Ref71190782}), as opposed to when the connective is used with an adnominal demonstrative, in which case the vowel of the connective is determined by the augment of the demonstrative; see (\ref{bkm:Ref491276208}--\ref{bkm:Ref491276210}).
+A: word: e-mi-ísi	 gloss: AUG-NP4-root
+B: word: e-n-tusó	 gloss: AUG-NP9-help
+C: word: e-mi-sumo	 gloss: AUG-NP4-pole
+D: word: kúnu	 gloss: DEM.II17
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 20:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-mi-ísi ___ ci-shamú N-mu-shamú
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP4-root ___ NP7-tree COP-NP3-medicine
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The roots of this tree are medicine.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The form of the connective also changes depending on the nature of the dependent noun. When the dependent is a noun that cannot take an augment, the vowel of the connective stem is always /a/, in both Namibian and Zambian Fwe. This is the case with proper names, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref492119044}), and adverbs, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491175346}). The vowel of the connective is also realized as a when used with a demonstrative pronoun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71190780}--\ref{bkm:Ref71190782}), as opposed to when the connective is used with an adnominal demonstrative, in which case the vowel of the connective is determined by the augment of the demonstrative; see (\ref{bkm:Ref491276208}--\ref{bkm:Ref491276210}).
+A: word: zi-o=mú-ru-wa	 gloss: PP8-CON=NP18-NP11-field
+B: word: i-e=cí	 gloss: PP4-CON=DEM.I7
+C: word: i-á=bo	 gloss: PP4-CON=DEM.III2
+D: word: u-e=ci-sizaní	 gloss: PP1-CON=NP7-female
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 21:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-mi-ísi i-e=cí ___ N-mu-shamú
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP4-root PP4-CON=DEM.I7 ___ COP-NP3-medicine
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The roots of this tree are medicine.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The form of the connective also changes depending on the nature of the dependent noun. When the dependent is a noun that cannot take an augment, the vowel of the connective stem is always /a/, in both Namibian and Zambian Fwe. This is the case with proper names, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref492119044}), and adverbs, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491175346}). The vowel of the connective is also realized as a when used with a demonstrative pronoun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71190780}--\ref{bkm:Ref71190782}), as opposed to when the connective is used with an adnominal demonstrative, in which case the vowel of the connective is determined by the augment of the demonstrative; see (\ref{bkm:Ref491276208}--\ref{bkm:Ref491276210}).
+A: word: ba-o=kú-mu-nzi	 gloss: PP2-CON=NP17-NP3-village
+B: word: zi-kúni	 gloss: NP8-tree
+C: word: ci-shamú	 gloss: NP7-tree
+D: word: zi-shamú	 gloss: NP8-tree
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 22:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ba-ntu ___
+Gloss (with missing item): NP2-person ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘the people of the village’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Another group of nouns that never take an augment are nouns marked with a locative prefix of class 16, 17 or 18. With these nouns, however, the vowel of the connective is not consistently realized as a-, but as o- with class 17 and 18, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99548320}--\ref{bkm:Ref75251506}), and as a- with class 16, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref75251507}). These forms resemble the augment, which is determined by vowel harmony with the nominal prefix, and therefore the expected augment with class 16 would be a-, and o- with class 17 and 18, even though these nouns may never take an augment.
+A: word: o-bu-háro	 gloss: AUG-NP14-life
+B: word: kú-mu-nzi	 gloss: NP17-NP3-village
+C: word: ba-o=mú-mu-nzi	 gloss: PP2-CON=NP18-NP3-village
+D: word: ba-o=kú-mu-nzi	 gloss: PP2-CON=NP17-NP3-village
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 23:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): zi-ryó ___
+Gloss (with missing item): NP8-food ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘the crops of the field’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Another group of nouns that never take an augment are nouns marked with a locative prefix of class 16, 17 or 18. With these nouns, however, the vowel of the connective is not consistently realized as a-, but as o- with class 17 and 18, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99548320}--\ref{bkm:Ref75251506}), and as a- with class 16, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref75251507}). These forms resemble the augment, which is determined by vowel harmony with the nominal prefix, and therefore the expected augment with class 16 would be a-, and o- with class 17 and 18, even though these nouns may never take an augment.
+A: word: ku-ru-wa	 gloss: NP17-NP11-field
+B: word: zi-o=mú-ru-wa	 gloss: PP8-CON=NP18-NP11-field
+C: word: ená	 gloss: DEM.IV6
+D: word: ri-o=mú-bu-sunso	 gloss: PP5-CON=NP18-NP14-relish
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 24:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): zi-ryó ___
+Gloss (with missing item): NP8-food ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘the food at the party’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Another group of nouns that never take an augment are nouns marked with a locative prefix of class 16, 17 or 18. With these nouns, however, the vowel of the connective is not consistently realized as a-, but as o- with class 17 and 18, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99548320}--\ref{bkm:Ref75251506}), and as a- with class 16, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref75251507}). These forms resemble the augment, which is determined by vowel harmony with the nominal prefix, and therefore the expected augment with class 16 would be a-, and o- with class 17 and 18, even though these nouns may never take an augment.
+A: word: há-mu-kití	 gloss: NP16-NP3-party
+B: word: ha-mu-kití	 gloss: NP16-NP3-party
+C: word: kú-ba-ntu	 gloss: NP17-NP2-person
+D: word: zi-a=há-mu-kití	 gloss: PP8-CON=NP16-NP3-party
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 25:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ i-e=cí ci-shamú N-mu-shamú
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PP4-CON=DEM.I7 NP7-tree COP-NP3-medicine
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The roots of this tree are medicine.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Syntactically, the connective clitic behaves like a separate word. When combined with nouns that have a pre-nominal modifier, such as a demonstrative, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491276208}--\ref{bkm:Ref491276210}), the connective clitic is marked on the demonstrative, not the noun itself. This shows that the connective behaves like a phrasal clitic, rather than a nominal affix.
+A: word: e-mi-sumo	 gloss: AUG-NP4-pole
+B: word: e-n-tusó	 gloss: AUG-NP9-help
+C: word: kúnu	 gloss: DEM.II17
+D: word: e-mi-ísi	 gloss: AUG-NP4-root
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 26:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-mi-ísi ___ ci-shamú N-mu-shamú
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP4-root ___ NP7-tree COP-NP3-medicine
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The roots of this tree are medicine.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Syntactically, the connective clitic behaves like a separate word. When combined with nouns that have a pre-nominal modifier, such as a demonstrative, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491276208}--\ref{bkm:Ref491276210}), the connective clitic is marked on the demonstrative, not the noun itself. This shows that the connective behaves like a phrasal clitic, rather than a nominal affix.
+A: word: o-bu-háro	 gloss: AUG-NP14-life
+B: word: i-e=cí	 gloss: PP4-CON=DEM.I7
+C: word: i-á=bo	 gloss: PP4-CON=DEM.III2
+D: word: u-e=ci-sizaní	 gloss: PP1-CON=NP7-female
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 27:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-mi-ísi i-e=cí ___ N-mu-shamú
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP4-root PP4-CON=DEM.I7 ___ COP-NP3-medicine
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The roots of this tree are medicine.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Syntactically, the connective clitic behaves like a separate word. When combined with nouns that have a pre-nominal modifier, such as a demonstrative, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref491276208}--\ref{bkm:Ref491276210}), the connective clitic is marked on the demonstrative, not the noun itself. This shows that the connective behaves like a phrasal clitic, rather than a nominal affix.
+A: word: zi-shamú	 gloss: NP8-tree
+B: word: mu-enshéː	 gloss: PP2PL-all
+C: word: zi-kúni	 gloss: NP8-tree
+D: word: ci-shamú	 gloss: NP7-tree
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 28:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ zi-onshéː na-zí̲-a-ur-is-iw-a
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PP10-all REM-SM10-PST-buy-CAUS-PASS-FV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘All the cattle have been sold.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quantifier onshéː is used with the meaning ‘all, every, each, any’. It is typically used after the noun it modifies, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549023}), but may also be used before the noun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549040}). The pronominal prefix used with this quantifier is realized as low-toned.
+A: word: ndi-n-ŋombe	 gloss: COP-NP9-cow
+B: word: e-n-ŋombe	 gloss: AUG-NP10-cow
+C: word: e-n-ŋombé	 gloss: AUG-NP10-cow
+D: word: kú-∅-mvúra	 gloss: NP17-NP1a-rain
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 29:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-N-ŋombe ___ na-zí̲-a-ur-is-iw-a
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP10-cow ___ REM-SM10-PST-buy-CAUS-PASS-FV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘All the cattle have been sold.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quantifier onshéː is used with the meaning ‘all, every, each, any’. It is typically used after the noun it modifies, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549023}), but may also be used before the noun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549040}). The pronominal prefix used with this quantifier is realized as low-toned.
+A: word: ci-shamú	 gloss: NP7-tree
+B: word: i-onshéː	 gloss: PP9-all
+C: word: zi-onshéː	 gloss: PP10-all
+D: word: mu-ru-shará	 gloss: NP18-NP11-back
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 30:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): háiba ___ mu-berek-á̲
+Gloss (with missing item): if ___ SM2PL-work-FV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘If you all are working…’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quantifier onshéː may also be used with pronominal prefixes of the first and second person, with an interpretation of ‘all of us/you; us/you together’, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549290}--\ref{bkm:Ref99549291}).
+A: word: shunu	 gloss: today
+B: word: mu-enshéː	 gloss: PP2PL-all
+C: word: rí-ryo	 gloss: EMPH-DEM.III5
+D: word: tu-enshéː	 gloss: PP1PL-all
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 31:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): na-dam-w-á̲ ___ bá-ngíː
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1.PST-beat-PASS-FV ___ PP2-many
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he was beaten by many people.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quantifier ngíː ‘many; other’ is typically used after the noun it modifies, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549339}--\ref{bkm:Ref99549360}), though a prenominal position is also possible, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549341}).
+A: word: n-ba-ntu	 gloss: COP-NP2-person
+B: word: ba-ntú	 gloss: NP2-person
+C: word: kú-ba-ntu	 gloss: NP17-NP2-person
+D: word: kúnu	 gloss: DEM.II17
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 32:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): na-dam-w-á̲ kú-ba-ntu ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1.PST-beat-PASS-FV NP17-NP2-person ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he was beaten by many people.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quantifier ngíː ‘many; other’ is typically used after the noun it modifies, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549339}--\ref{bkm:Ref99549360}), though a prenominal position is also possible, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549341}).
+A: word: zí-ngíː	 gloss: PP8-many
+B: word: ci-shamú	 gloss: NP7-tree
+C: word: a-aku-shí-ŋor-a	 gloss: SM1-NPST.IPFV-PER-write-FV
+D: word: bá-ngíː	 gloss: PP2-many
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 33:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ e-N-búka bá̲-bar-á̲ bo
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ AUG-NP10-book SM2.REL-read-FV DEM.III2
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he reads many books.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quantifier ngíː ‘many; other’ is typically used after the noun it modifies, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549339}--\ref{bkm:Ref99549360}), though a prenominal position is also possible, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549341}).
+A: word: zi-a=shúnu	 gloss: PP8-CON=today
+B: word: zí-ngiː	 gloss: PP10-many
+C: word: zí-ngíː	 gloss: PP8-many
+D: word: ka-bá̲-dama-dam-á̲	 gloss: PST.IPFV-SM2-PL2-beat-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 34:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): zí-ngiː ___ bá̲-bar-á̲ bo
+Gloss (with missing item): PP10-many ___ SM2.REL-read-FV DEM.III2
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he reads many books.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quantifier ngíː ‘many; other’ is typically used after the noun it modifies, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549339}--\ref{bkm:Ref99549360}), though a prenominal position is also possible, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549341}).
+A: word: e-n-búka	 gloss: AUG-NP10-book
+B: word: e-n-buká	 gloss: AUG-NP9-book
+C: word: zí-ngiː	 gloss: PP10-many
+D: word: o-n-davú	 gloss: AUG-NP1a-lion
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 35:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ mú-kwamé
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NP1-man
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘a certain man’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quantifier mwi can be realized as mwi, mwinya, or munya, without observable changes in meaning. This quantifier is used with the meaning ‘some, other, another, a certain’. It may be used before the noun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549401}), or after it, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549411}).
+A: word: e-n-búka	 gloss: AUG-NP10-book
+B: word: rí-mwi	 gloss: PP5-other
+C: word: i-o=zyú-mwi	 gloss: PP9-CON=PP1-other
+D: word: zyú-mwi	 gloss: PP1-other
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 36:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ku-aazyá ku-mwí o-ko ne-mú̲-ka-wá̲n-e ___ bú-munya
+Gloss (with missing item): SM17-be_not PP17-other AUG-DEM.III17 REM-SM2PL-DIST-find-PFV.SBJV ___ PP14-other
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘There is nowhere where you can find another life.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quantifier mwi can be realized as mwi, mwinya, or munya, without observable changes in meaning. This quantifier is used with the meaning ‘some, other, another, a certain’. It may be used before the noun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549401}), or after it, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549411}).
+A: word: bu-mí	 gloss: NP14-life
+B: word: sí-o-bu-huba	 gloss: INC-AUG-NP14-easy
+C: word: o-bu-háro	 gloss: AUG-NP14-life
+D: word: ci-shamú	 gloss: NP7-tree
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 37:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ku-aazyá ku-mwí o-ko ne-mú̲-ka-wá̲n-e o-bu-háro ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM17-be_not PP17-other AUG-DEM.III17 REM-SM2PL-DIST-find-PFV.SBJV AUG-NP14-life ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘There is nowhere where you can find another life.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The quantifier mwi can be realized as mwi, mwinya, or munya, without observable changes in meaning. This quantifier is used with the meaning ‘some, other, another, a certain’. It may be used before the noun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549401}), or after it, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549411}).
+A: word: zi-a=há-mu-kití	 gloss: PP8-CON=NP16-NP3-party
+B: word: há-munya	 gloss: PP16-other
+C: word: bú-munya	 gloss: PP14-other
+D: word: o-∅-mvúra	 gloss: AUG-NP1a-rain
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 38:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ka-zí̲-y-á̲ng-a kwa-rizáuli há-munya ka-tú̲-zw-á̲ng-a kwa-makanga tu-y-á̲ kwa-rinyánti
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PST.IPFV-SM10-go-HAB-FV NP17-Lizauli PP16-other PST.IPFV-SM1PL-come_out-HAB-FV NP17-Makanga SM1PL-go-FV NP17-Linyanti
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Sometimes they would go to Lizauli. Sometimes, we would go from Makanga to Linyanti.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Used with a pronominal prefix of class 16, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549499}), this quantifier may have a temporal interpretation, e.g. ‘sometimes’.
+A: word: á-munya	 gloss: PP6-other
+B: word: há-munya	 gloss: PP16-other
+C: word: ku-mwí	 gloss: PP17-other
+D: word: e-ryó	 gloss: AUG-DEM.III5
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 39:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): há-munya ka-zí̲-y-á̲ng-a kwa-rizáuli ___ ka-tú̲-zw-á̲ng-a kwa-makanga tu-y-á̲ kwa-rinyánti
+Gloss (with missing item): PP16-other PST.IPFV-SM10-go-HAB-FV NP17-Lizauli ___ PST.IPFV-SM1PL-come_out-HAB-FV NP17-Makanga SM1PL-go-FV NP17-Linyanti
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Sometimes they would go to Lizauli. Sometimes, we would go from Makanga to Linyanti.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Used with a pronominal prefix of class 16, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99549499}), this quantifier may have a temporal interpretation, e.g. ‘sometimes’.
+A: word: á-munya	 gloss: PP6-other
+B: word: e-zí	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I8
+C: word: ku-mwí	 gloss: PP17-other
+D: word: há-munya	 gloss: PP16-other
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 40:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ba-rwá̲Hr-a ka-mporwe
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ SM2-be_ill-FV NP12-diarrhea
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘They all suffer from diarrhea.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Like other nominal modifiers, quantifiers may also be used nominally, replacing instead of modifying a noun. In this case, the quantifier takes the pronominal prefix that agrees in noun class with the noun it replaces or refers to, e.g. class 2 in (\ref{bkm:Ref496809163}) to indicate plural human referents, and class 1 in (\ref{bkm:Ref496809191}) to indicate a single human referent.
+A: word: ba-onshéː	 gloss: PP2-all
+B: word: mu-enshéː	 gloss: PP2PL-all
+C: word: z-onshéː	 gloss: PP8-all
+D: word: hanú	 gloss: DEM.II16
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 41:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ba-kéntu ba-o=biré ___ á-ku-zár-a o-mu-ntu zyú-mwi á-ku-zár-a e-∅-ŋwarará
+Gloss (with missing item): NP2-woman PP2-CON=two ___ PP1-INF-give_birth-FV AUG-NP1-person PP1-other PP1-INF-give_birth-FV AUG-NP5-crow
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Two women. One gave birth to a human being, the other one gave birth to a crow.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Like other nominal modifiers, quantifiers may also be used nominally, replacing instead of modifying a noun. In this case, the quantifier takes the pronominal prefix that agrees in noun class with the noun it replaces or refers to, e.g. class 2 in (\ref{bkm:Ref496809163}) to indicate plural human referents, and class 1 in (\ref{bkm:Ref496809191}) to indicate a single human referent.
+A: word: i-o=zyú-mwi	 gloss: PP9-CON=PP1-other
+B: word: e-mi-ísi	 gloss: AUG-NP4-root
+C: word: zyú-mwi	 gloss: PP1-other
+D: word: rí-mwi	 gloss: PP5-other
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 42:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ba-kéntu ba-o=biré zyú-mwi á-ku-zár-a o-mu-ntu ___ á-ku-zár-a e-∅-ŋwarará
+Gloss (with missing item): NP2-woman PP2-CON=two PP1-other PP1-INF-give_birth-FV AUG-NP1-person ___ PP1-INF-give_birth-FV AUG-NP5-crow
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Two women. One gave birth to a human being, the other one gave birth to a crow.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Like other nominal modifiers, quantifiers may also be used nominally, replacing instead of modifying a noun. In this case, the quantifier takes the pronominal prefix that agrees in noun class with the noun it replaces or refers to, e.g. class 2 in (\ref{bkm:Ref496809163}) to indicate plural human referents, and class 1 in (\ref{bkm:Ref496809191}) to indicate a single human referent.
+A: word: e-rí	 gloss: AUG-DEM.I5
+B: word: i-o=zyú-mwi	 gloss: PP9-CON=PP1-other
+C: word: rí-mwi	 gloss: PP5-other
+D: word: zyú-mwi	 gloss: PP1-other
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+

shuffled_multiple/Fwe/min_knowledge_points_5_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): cwaré ___ ka-a-zyí̲ː ku-ŋór-a
+Gloss (with missing item): then ___ NEG-SM1-know.STAT INF-write-FV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘But she, she doesn’t know how to write.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The involvement of a first, second or third person as a subject or object is usually marked with subject and object markers on the verb, except when it is in focus or topicalized. To mark a first, second or third person as topic, a personal pronoun is used in the left-dislocated position (see also \sectref{bkm:Ref403656711} on left dislocation), as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99021532}--\ref{bkm:Ref99021534}).
+A: word: ne=wé	 gloss: COM=PERS2SG
+B: word: iyé	 gloss: that
+C: word: eyé	 gloss: PERS3SG
+D: word: iwé	 gloss: PERS2SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-í e-N-júo ___ ni-bá̲-a-iH-zyaːHk-ir-á̲
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-DEM.I9 AUG-NP9-house ___ REM-SM2-PST-OM9-build-APPL-FV<REL>
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘This house, it is me that it is was built for.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: To express focus on the first, second or third person, a personal pronoun is used as the clefted element of a cleft construction (see also \sectref{bkm:Ref491333435} on cleft constructions). A clefted pronoun marking exclusive focus (‘only she, no one else’) is shown in (\ref{bkm:Ref496869630}), and a clefted pronoun marking information focus is shown in (\ref{bkm:Ref496869707}).
+A: word: ndi-wé	 gloss: COP-PERS2SG
+B: word: ndi-mé	 gloss: COP-PERS1SG
+C: word: ka-ndi-mu-zyih-í̲	 gloss: NEG-SM1SG-OM1-know.STAT-NEG
+D: word: wáwa	 gloss: very
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mbu-ryó ndí̲-zan-a ___
+Gloss (with missing item): only SM1SG-play-FV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I’m just joking with you.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Personal pronouns are also required when the first, second or third person is used with a comitative or a copula, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99021431}--\ref{bkm:Ref99021434}).
+A: word: ne=yé	 gloss: COM=PERS3SG
+B: word: cáha	 gloss: very
+C: word: ne=wé	 gloss: COM=PERS2SG
+D: word: ne=shúnu	 gloss: COM=today
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ sáneti cábora
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ Saneti Chabola
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I am Saneti Chabola.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Personal pronouns are also required when the first, second or third person is used with a comitative or a copula, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99021431}--\ref{bkm:Ref99021434}).
+A: word: ndi-mé	 gloss: COP-PERS1SG
+B: word: na=ma-beré	 gloss: COM=NP6-millet
+C: word: ndi-wé	 gloss: COP-PERS2SG
+D: word: ka-ndi-mu-zyih-í̲	 gloss: NEG-SM1SG-OM1-know.STAT-NEG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndi-zyiHman-á̲ ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-stand-FV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I stand up quietly.’ [lit. ‘I stand up while I am quiet’] (NF_Elic15)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When the comitative is cliticized to a word that cannot take an augment, it is realized as na=, ne=, or ni=. This is the case with inflected verbs, where the comitative is realized as na- in Zambian Fwe, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref476926475}), and as ni=, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref476926486}) or ne=, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref476926495}), in Namibian Fwe.
+A: word: ndi-rwahr-í̲te	 gloss: SM1SG-be_sick-STAT
+B: word: ne=mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP1-woman
+C: word: ka-á̲-tohntor-á̲	 gloss: PST.IPFV-SM6-be_cold-FV
+D: word: ne=ndi-tohntwé̲re	 gloss: COM=SM1SG-be_cold.STAT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ u-angú
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PP1-POSS1SG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘And also my wife.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With nouns that never take an augment, the form of the comitative is ni=, ne= or na=. For instance, with nouns with a secondary prefix ba- (used to mark respect; see \sectref{bkm:Ref499035982}), the form of the comitative may be na= or ne= in Zambian Fwe, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99022089}--\ref{bkm:Ref99022091}), and ni= in Namibian Fwe, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99022109}).
+A: word: ne=mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP1-woman
+B: word: no=bu-ató	 gloss: COM=NP14-canoe
+C: word: na=ba-mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP2-NP1-woman
+D: word: ni=ba-mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP2-NP1-woman
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndi-haHr-á̲ ___ u-angú na=ba-ána-angu
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-live-FV ___ PP1-POSS1SG COM=NP2-child-POSS1SG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I live with my wife and children.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With nouns that never take an augment, the form of the comitative is ni=, ne= or na=. For instance, with nouns with a secondary prefix ba- (used to mark respect; see \sectref{bkm:Ref499035982}), the form of the comitative may be na= or ne= in Zambian Fwe, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99022089}--\ref{bkm:Ref99022091}), and ni= in Namibian Fwe, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99022109}).
+A: word: ne=mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP1-woman
+B: word: na=ba-mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP2-NP1-woman
+C: word: ne=ma-ir-a	 gloss: COM=NP6-sorghum
+D: word: ni=ba-mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP2-NP1-woman
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndi-byá̲r-a o-mu-ndaré ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-plant-FV AUG-NP3-maize ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I grow maize and millet.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Namibian Fwe, the use of the ne= form with nouns that do not have an e- augment is restricted to a handful of nouns referring to kinship relations. In Zambian Fwe, the ne= form is also frequently found with nouns of class 6 or 12. These nouns take an augment a-, and therefore the expected comitative form would be na=, as in the Namibian Fwe example in (\ref{bkm:Ref436820039}); in Zambian Fwe, the comitative with these nouns is often realized as ne=, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref437511600}).
+A: word: mbo-ndí̲-té̲nd-e	 gloss: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-do-PFV.SBJV
+B: word: na=ma-beré	 gloss: COM=NP6-millet
+C: word: cáha	 gloss: very
+D: word: n-ma-beré	 gloss: COP-NP6-millet
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu-ndaré ___
+Gloss (with missing item): NP3-maize ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘maize and sorghum’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Namibian Fwe, the use of the ne= form with nouns that do not have an e- augment is restricted to a handful of nouns referring to kinship relations. In Zambian Fwe, the ne= form is also frequently found with nouns of class 6 or 12. These nouns take an augment a-, and therefore the expected comitative form would be na=, as in the Namibian Fwe example in (\ref{bkm:Ref436820039}); in Zambian Fwe, the comitative with these nouns is often realized as ne=, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref437511600}).
+A: word: we-∅-nkómbwe	 gloss: APP2SG-NP1a-tortoise
+B: word: ku-zyáːk-a-ir-a	 gloss: INF-build-PL1-APPL-FV
+C: word: ne=ma-ir-a	 gloss: COM=NP6-sorghum
+D: word: ma-ira	 gloss: NP6-sorghum
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndi-kwesí N-júo mwa-imúsho ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-have NP9-house NP18-Imusho ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I have a house in Imusho and in Sinjembela.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The comitative clitic is phonologically dependent on the word to which it is attached, as seen from its interaction with the augment, which determines the quality of the vowel. Morphosyntactically, the comitative clitic is relatively free. The comitative precedes all prefixes: when added to a noun, the comitative precedes the noun’s (primary) nominal prefix, but also its secondary nominal prefix, such as those of the locative classes 16-18, as shown in (\ref{bkm:Ref437423816}), or the class 2 prefix used as secondary prefix, as seen in (\ref{bkm:Ref437423825}).
+A: word: kwa-mongu	 gloss: NP17-Mongu
+B: word: ká-o-bu-fwíi	 gloss: ADV-AUG-NP14-short
+C: word: a-ba-cembere	 gloss: AUG-NP2-old_woman
+D: word: no=kwá-sinjembera	 gloss: COM=NP17-Sinjembela
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ u-angú
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PP1-POSS1SG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘And also my wife.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The comitative clitic is phonologically dependent on the word to which it is attached, as seen from its interaction with the augment, which determines the quality of the vowel. Morphosyntactically, the comitative clitic is relatively free. The comitative precedes all prefixes: when added to a noun, the comitative precedes the noun’s (primary) nominal prefix, but also its secondary nominal prefix, such as those of the locative classes 16-18, as shown in (\ref{bkm:Ref437423816}), or the class 2 prefix used as secondary prefix, as seen in (\ref{bkm:Ref437423825}).
+A: word: ni=ba-mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP2-NP1-woman
+B: word: ne=mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP1-woman
+C: word: no=kwá-sinjembera	 gloss: COM=NP17-Sinjembela
+D: word: na=ba-mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP2-NP1-woman
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mbo-tú̲-end-er-er-é ___ ku-é-∅-tawuní
+Gloss (with missing item): NEAR.FUT-SM1PL-go-INT-PFV.SBJV ___ NP17-AUG-NP9-town
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I will walk with you to town.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Fwe can also use the comitative for a type of conjunction called ‘inclusory conjunction’ \citep{Haspelmath2007}. This involves a comitative-marked nominal which refers to a participant that is already implied by a plural pronoun or subject marker. In (\ref{bkm:Ref69997095}), the subjects ‘you and I’ are both covered by the first person plural subject marker tu\nobreakdash- ‘we’ on the verb. The second person singular is expressed again through a comitative-marked personal pronoun ewe ‘you (SG)’.
+A: word: ne=wé	 gloss: COM=PERS2SG
+B: word: ne=shúnu	 gloss: COM=today
+C: word: tu-ba-kéntu	 gloss: APP1PL-NP2-woman
+D: word: ne=yé	 gloss: COM=PERS3SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): shi-ba-na-ka-sír-i ___
+Gloss (with missing item): INC-SM2-PST-DIST-sail-NPST.PFV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He has sailed with the canoe.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The comitative can also be used to express an instrumental, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99022408}--\ref{bkm:Ref99022411}).
+A: word: o-bu-áto	 gloss: AUG-NP14-canoe
+B: word: ká-o-bu-fwíi	 gloss: ADV-AUG-NP14-short
+C: word: no=bu-bbí	 gloss: COM=AUG-NP14-bad
+D: word: no=bu-ató	 gloss: COM=NP14-canoe
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ku-kank-a ndí̲-ká̲nk-a e-ci-kuní ___
+Gloss (with missing item): INF-cut-FV SM1SG-cut-FV AUG-NP7-tree ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I chop the tree with an axe.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The comitative can also be used to express an instrumental, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99022408}--\ref{bkm:Ref99022411}).
+A: word: na=ka-tému	 gloss: COM=NP12-axe
+B: word: ka-tému	 gloss: NP12-axe
+C: word: ku-mu-nzi	 gloss: NP17-NP3-village
+D: word: na=ba-mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP2-NP1-woman
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ u-angú na-shwén-i wáwa
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PP1-POSS1SG SM1.PST-be_tired-NPST.PFV very
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘My wife has also become very tired.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The comitative can also be used to express additive focus, translatable as ‘also’, ‘too’ or ‘as well’, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99022459}--\ref{bkm:Ref99022462}).
+A: word: zi-ó=mu-kéntu	 gloss: PP10-CON=NP1-woman
+B: word: na=ba-mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP2-NP1-woman
+C: word: ne=mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP1-woman
+D: word: na=ka-tému	 gloss: COM=NP12-axe
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ mu-kéntu á-o-ku-búːk-a
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NP1-woman CON1-AUG-INF-wake-ITR-FV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The wife also wakes up.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Rather than marking the focused noun with a comitative, additive focus can also be expressed by adding a co-referential personal pronoun marked with the comitative, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99022509}--\ref{bkm:Ref99022513}).
+A: word: ne=yé	 gloss: COM=PERS3SG
+B: word: ne=wé	 gloss: COM=PERS2SG
+C: word: ne=shúnu	 gloss: COM=today
+D: word: na=ka-tému	 gloss: COM=NP12-axe
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): o-mú-kwamé ___ zi-akwé zé-zi-zi
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP1-man ___ PP10-POSS3SG COP.DEF8-EMPH-DEM.I8
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The husband, too, his things are this and that.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Rather than marking the focused noun with a comitative, additive focus can also be expressed by adding a co-referential personal pronoun marked with the comitative, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99022509}--\ref{bkm:Ref99022513}).
+A: word: we-∅-nkómbwe	 gloss: APP2SG-NP1a-tortoise
+B: word: ne=wé	 gloss: COM=PERS2SG
+C: word: ne=shúnu	 gloss: COM=today
+D: word: ne=yé	 gloss: COM=PERS3SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 17:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): o-mú-kwamé ___ shi-ba-na-ráːr-i
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP1-man ___ INC-SM2-PST-sleep-NPST.PFV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The man said: they are asleep now.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Another function of the comitative is as a marker of direct speech. It is attached to a personal pronoun indicating the speaker of the quotation, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99022529}--\ref{bkm:Ref99022534}).
+A: word: ni=ba-mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP2-NP1-woman
+B: word: ne=yé	 gloss: COM=PERS3SG
+C: word: ne=wé	 gloss: COM=PERS2SG
+D: word: ne=shúnu	 gloss: COM=today
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 18:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu-ánce ___ ∅-máye ∅-máye N-ma-shene
+Gloss (with missing item): NP1-child ___ NP\-1a-mother NP\-1a-mother COP-NP6-worm
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The child said: mother, mother, there are worms.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Another function of the comitative is as a marker of direct speech. It is attached to a personal pronoun indicating the speaker of the quotation, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99022529}--\ref{bkm:Ref99022534}).
+A: word: ne=yé	 gloss: COM=PERS3SG
+B: word: ne=wé	 gloss: COM=PERS2SG
+C: word: ka-o=biré	 gloss: ADV-CON=two
+D: word: ne=shúnu	 gloss: COM=today
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 19:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ka-tu-náku-tí-ang-a cahá
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NEG-SM1PL-HAB-FV very
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Us women, we did not used to be afraid often.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Appositive prefixes may be combined with a co-referential personal pronoun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref98835584}--\ref{bkm:Ref98835590}), or without a personal pronoun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71202998}--\ref{bkm:Ref71202999}).
+A: word: ku-∅-mbwá	 gloss: NP17-NP1a-dog
+B: word: tu-ba-kéntu	 gloss: APP1PL-NP2-woman
+C: word: ba-kéntu	 gloss: NP2-woman
+D: word: ne=yé	 gloss: COM=PERS3SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 20:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): né=we o-shuHm-e=kó̲ ___
+Gloss (with missing item): COM=PERS2SG SM2SG-bite-PFV.SBJV=LOC17 ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘And you must also bite, you tortoise.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Appositive prefixes may be combined with a co-referential personal pronoun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref98835584}--\ref{bkm:Ref98835590}), or without a personal pronoun, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71202998}--\ref{bkm:Ref71202999}).
+A: word: we-∅-nkómbwe	 gloss: APP2SG-NP1a-tortoise
+B: word: o-∅-nkúku	 gloss: AUG-NP1a-chicken
+C: word: ne=mu-kéntu	 gloss: COM=NP1-woman
+D: word: ∅-rukúngwe	 gloss: NP1a-snake
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 21:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): a-buHtuk-á̲ ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1-run-FV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he runs fast.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adverb câhà and its Zambian Fwe counterpart wâwà function as adverbs expressing general intensity, translatable as ‘its gloss ___’, but can receive various more specific interpretations based on context, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99025388}--\ref{bkm:Ref99025390}).
+A: word: p-áha	 gloss: COP16-DEM.I16
+B: word: no=kwá-sinjembera	 gloss: COM=NP17-Sinjembela
+C: word: cáha	 gloss: very
+D: word: nénja	 gloss: well
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 22:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ci-ciná ci-rimo ndi-na-shínj-i ___
+Gloss (with missing item): EMPH7-DEM.IV7 NP7-year SM1SG-PST-harvest-NPST.PFV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘This year I had a good harvest.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adverb câhà and its Zambian Fwe counterpart wâwà function as adverbs expressing general intensity, translatable as ‘its gloss ___’, but can receive various more specific interpretations based on context, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99025388}--\ref{bkm:Ref99025390}).
+A: word: nénja	 gloss: well
+B: word: wáwa	 gloss: very
+C: word: ∅-mbwáwa	 gloss: NP1a-jackal
+D: word: ne=ma-ir-a	 gloss: COM=NP6-sorghum
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 23:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): njé-kandé rí-angú ___
+Gloss (with missing item): COP.DEF9-story PP5-POSS1SG ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘This is my story, in short.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The prefix ka- derives an adverb from other words. Although this prefix resembles the class 12 nominal prefix ka- (see \sectref{bkm:Ref489005545} on nominal prefixes), this homophony is likely accidental: whereas the class 12 nominal prefix ka- replaces the noun’s original nominal prefix (see the examples in (\ref{bkm:Ref498357099}) in \sectref{bkm:Ref498357105}), the use of the adverb-deriving prefix ka- causes the noun’s original nominal prefix and augment to be maintained, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71184200}--\ref{bkm:Ref71184201}).
+A: word: ká-o-bu-fwíi	 gloss: ADV-AUG-NP14-short
+B: word: ká-náintinsíkisiti	 gloss: ADV-1960
+C: word: n-ru-fwíi	 gloss: COP-NP11-short
+D: word: o-tú-cenyá	 gloss: AUG-NP13-small
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 24:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): njé-kandé rí-angú ___
+Gloss (with missing item): COP.DEF9-story PP5-POSS1SG ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘This is my story, in short.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adverbial prefix ka- can be used to derive adverbs from nouns, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71184200}--\ref{bkm:Ref71184201}), or from adjectives (\ref{bkm:Ref498357503}), infinitive verbs (\ref{bkm:Ref498417129}), or numerals (\ref{bkm:Ref498417486}).
+A: word: ká-o-bu-fwíi	 gloss: ADV-AUG-NP14-short
+B: word: na=ka-tému	 gloss: COM=NP12-axe
+C: word: o-tú-cenyá	 gloss: AUG-NP13-small
+D: word: n-ru-fwíi	 gloss: COP-NP11-short
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 25:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndi-fwH-ire ___ e-N-jara
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-die-STAT ___ AUG-NP9-hunger
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I’m a bit hungry.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adverbial prefix ka- can be used to derive adverbs from nouns, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71184200}--\ref{bkm:Ref71184201}), or from adjectives (\ref{bkm:Ref498357503}), infinitive verbs (\ref{bkm:Ref498417129}), or numerals (\ref{bkm:Ref498417486}).
+A: word: ka-niní	 gloss: ADV-little
+B: word: ka-níni	 gloss: ADV-small
+C: word: tu-ba-kéntu	 gloss: APP1PL-NP2-woman
+D: word: ba-níni	 gloss: NP2-small
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 26:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): a-kó̲ːr-a ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1-cough-FV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he coughs loudly.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adverbial prefix ka- can be used to derive adverbs from nouns, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71184200}--\ref{bkm:Ref71184201}), or from adjectives (\ref{bkm:Ref498357503}), infinitive verbs (\ref{bkm:Ref498417129}), or numerals (\ref{bkm:Ref498417486}).
+A: word: na=a-jwé̲ng-a	 gloss: COM=SM1-shout-FV
+B: word: we-∅-nkómbwe	 gloss: APP2SG-NP1a-tortoise
+C: word: ka-o-ku-óngoz-a	 gloss: ADV-AUG-INF-shout-FV
+D: word: na-ndí̲-na-óngoz-a	 gloss: REM-SM1SG-REM.FUT-shout-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 27:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ná̲-a-a-kóːr-a ___
+Gloss (with missing item): REM-SM1-PST-cough-FV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He coughed twice.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adverbial prefix ka- can be used to derive adverbs from nouns, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71184200}--\ref{bkm:Ref71184201}), or from adjectives (\ref{bkm:Ref498357503}), infinitive verbs (\ref{bkm:Ref498417129}), or numerals (\ref{bkm:Ref498417486}).
+A: word: ka-o=biré	 gloss: ADV-CON=two
+B: word: ba-o=biré	 gloss: PP2-CON=two
+C: word: ka-fóru	 gloss: ADV-four
+D: word: eyé	 gloss: PERS3SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 28:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndi-fwH-ire ___ e-N-jara
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1SG-die-STAT ___ AUG-NP9-hunger
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I’m a bit hungry.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adverbial prefix ka- can be used to derive adverbs of manner, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref498357503}--\ref{bkm:Ref498417486}), but also temporal adverbs, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref98512719}--\ref{bkm:Ref98512721}).
+A: word: ne=ndi-tohntwé̲re	 gloss: COM=SM1SG-be_cold.STAT
+B: word: ka-níni	 gloss: ADV-small
+C: word: ka-niní	 gloss: ADV-little
+D: word: ba-níni	 gloss: NP2-small
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 29:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ná̲-a-a-kóːr-a ___
+Gloss (with missing item): REM-SM1-PST-cough-FV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He coughed twice.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adverbial prefix ka- can be used to derive adverbs of manner, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref498357503}--\ref{bkm:Ref498417486}), but also temporal adverbs, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref98512719}--\ref{bkm:Ref98512721}).
+A: word: ka-o=biré	 gloss: ADV-CON=two
+B: word: ká-o-bu-fwíi	 gloss: ADV-AUG-NP14-short
+C: word: ba-o=biré	 gloss: PP2-CON=two
+D: word: ka-fóru	 gloss: ADV-four
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 30:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): zyóna na-ndí̲-na-búːk-a ___
+Gloss (with missing item): tomorrow REM-SM1SG-REM.FUT-wake-FV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Tomorrow I will wake up at four.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adverbial prefix ka- can be used to derive adverbs of manner, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref498357503}--\ref{bkm:Ref498417486}), but also temporal adverbs, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref98512719}--\ref{bkm:Ref98512721}).
+A: word: ka-éti	 gloss: ADV-eight
+B: word: ka-fóru	 gloss: ADV-four
+C: word: ne=wé	 gloss: COM=PERS2SG
+D: word: na=ka-furo	 gloss: COM=NP12-knife
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 31:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): emé ná̲-ndi-a-réːt-iw-a ___
+Gloss (with missing item): PERS1SG REM-SM1SG-PST-bear-PASS-FV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Me, I was born in 1960.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adverbial prefix ka- can be used to derive adverbs of manner, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref498357503}--\ref{bkm:Ref498417486}), but also temporal adverbs, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref98512719}--\ref{bkm:Ref98512721}).
+A: word: ká-naintinsíkisiti	 gloss: at-1960
+B: word: ká-náintinsíkisiti	 gloss: ADV-1960
+C: word: no=kwá-sinjembera	 gloss: COM=NP17-Sinjembela
+D: word: ka-éti	 gloss: ADV-eight
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+

shuffled_multiple/Fwe/min_knowledge_points_6_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): na-dam-w-á̲ ___ bá-ngíː
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1.PST-beat-PASS-FV ___ PP2-many
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he was beaten by many people.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The use of the passive removes the agent as a core argument, but the agent can still be expressed as a peripheral participant by use of the class 17 nominal prefix ku-, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71206307}--\ref{bkm:Ref71206308}). If the agent marked with ku- is a first or second person, the possessive stem is used, as shown with the first person singular possessive kwángù in (\ref{bkm:Ref71206356}).
+A: word: ba-ntú	 gloss: NP2-person
+B: word: ndi-hítur-ir-e	 gloss: OM1SG-carry-APPL-PFV.SBJV
+C: word: kú-ba-ntu	 gloss: NP17-NP2-person
+D: word: n-ba-ntu	 gloss: COP-NP2-person
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): na-dam-w-á̲ kú-ba-ntu ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1.PST-beat-PASS-FV NP17-NP2-person ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he was beaten by many people.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The use of the passive removes the agent as a core argument, but the agent can still be expressed as a peripheral participant by use of the class 17 nominal prefix ku-, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71206307}--\ref{bkm:Ref71206308}). If the agent marked with ku- is a first or second person, the possessive stem is used, as shown with the first person singular possessive kwángù in (\ref{bkm:Ref71206356}).
+A: word: bá-ngíː	 gloss: PP2-many
+B: word: zí-ngíː	 gloss: PP8-many
+C: word: ka-a-ndi-sí-i	 gloss: NEG-SM1-OM1SG-leave-NEG
+D: word: ∅-kwá-makánga	 gloss: COP-NP17-Makanga
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): simatá na-dam-í̲w-a ___
+Gloss (with missing item): Simata SM1.PST-beat-PASS-FV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Simata was beaten by me.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The use of the passive removes the agent as a core argument, but the agent can still be expressed as a peripheral participant by use of the class 17 nominal prefix ku-, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71206307}--\ref{bkm:Ref71206308}). If the agent marked with ku- is a first or second person, the possessive stem is used, as shown with the first person singular possessive kwángù in (\ref{bkm:Ref71206356}).
+A: word: mu-u-etú	 gloss: NP18-PP3-POSS1PL
+B: word: kw-angú	 gloss: NP17-POSS1SG
+C: word: i-angú	 gloss: PP9-POSS1SG
+D: word: o-mu-ráːriro	 gloss: AUG-NP3-dinner
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): simatá na-shúm-iw-a ___
+Gloss (with missing item): Simata SM1.PST-bite-PASS-FV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Simata was bitten by a dog.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The agent noun may also be used without the prefix ku-: both possibilities are illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref494444592}--\ref{bkm:Ref74913797}).
+A: word: ndu-∅-mbwá	 gloss: COP1a-NP1a-dog
+B: word: ndi-a-mu-káːn-in-i	 gloss: SM1SG-PST-OM1-refuse-APPL-NPST.PFV
+C: word: o-∅-mbwá	 gloss: AUG-NP1a-dog
+D: word: ku-∅-mbwá	 gloss: NP17-NP1a-dog
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): simatá na-shúm-iw-a ___
+Gloss (with missing item): Simata SM1.PST-bite-PASS-FV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Simata was bitten by a dog.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The agent noun may also be used without the prefix ku-: both possibilities are illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref494444592}--\ref{bkm:Ref74913797}).
+A: word: ndu-∅-mbwá	 gloss: COP1a-NP1a-dog
+B: word: bá-ngíː	 gloss: PP2-many
+C: word: a-ba-mbwá	 gloss: AUG-NP2-dog
+D: word: o-∅-mbwá	 gloss: AUG-NP1a-dog
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ iye ndi-yabur-é̲ zi-fúha
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ that SM1SG-pick-PFV.SBJV NP8-bone
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He doesn’t let me pick the bones.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The other end of the causative continuum is represented by indirect causation, where the causer and the causee are both agentive participants, and there is no spatio-temporal overlap between the actions that they perform. Rather, the causer may act upon the causee by verbal command, or through some other, indirect means. In Fwe, indirect causation is mostly expressed through periphrastic constructions using lexical verbs such as rêːtà ‘bring’, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref488854415}--\ref{bkm:Ref488854449}), or sîyà ‘leave’, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref488854450}).
+A: word: ba-ntu	 gloss: NP2-person
+B: word: ka-ndi-é̲nd-i	 gloss: NEG-SM1SG-go-NEG
+C: word: ka-a-ndi-sí-i	 gloss: NEG-SM1-OM1SG-leave-NEG
+D: word: na-ndi-súmwin-i	 gloss: SM1.PST-OM1SG-tell-NPST.PFV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ku-híb-ir-a ___ ma-sheréŋi N-bu-bbí
+Gloss (with missing item): INF-steal-APPL-FV ___ NP6-money COP-NP14-bad
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Stealing money from people is bad.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The applicative can be used to express an action performed for the benefit of someone, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref485989591}), where the beneficiary is òmùkéntù wàkwé ‘his wife’, and in (\ref{bkm:Ref488922302}), where the beneficiary is àbânè ‘her children’. The applicative can also be used with a malefactive meaning, i.e. an action performed to the detriment of the recipient, e.g. the first person singular in (\ref{bkm:Ref488921351}), or bàntù ‘people’ in (\ref{bkm:Ref445887391}).
+A: word: ndi-hítur-ir-e	 gloss: OM1SG-carry-APPL-PFV.SBJV
+B: word: n-ba-ntu	 gloss: COP-NP2-person
+C: word: kú-ba-ntu	 gloss: NP17-NP2-person
+D: word: ba-ntu	 gloss: NP2-person
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ∅-buká e-í kwa-obet
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NP9-book AUG-DEM.I9 NP17-Orbet
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Carry this book for me to Orbet.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Applicatives can have a substitutive function, where the applied object refers to someone on whose behalf the action is performed, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71208035}--\ref{bkm:Ref71208036}).
+A: word: ba-tehk-erer-á̲	 gloss: SM2-fetch-INT-FV
+B: word: ndi-hí̲nd-e	 gloss: SM1SG-take-PFV.SBJV
+C: word: mu-mu-twá̲r-e	 gloss: SM2PL-OM1-carry-PFV.SBJV
+D: word: ndi-hítur-ir-e	 gloss: OM1SG-carry-APPL-PFV.SBJV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___
+Gloss (with missing item): ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I’ve refused on his behalf.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Applicatives can have a substitutive function, where the applied object refers to someone on whose behalf the action is performed, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71208035}--\ref{bkm:Ref71208036}).
+A: word: ndi-a-zí-hind-i	 gloss: SM1SG-PST-OM10-take-NPST.PFV
+B: word: ndi-a-mu-káːn-in-i	 gloss: SM1SG-PST-OM1-refuse-APPL-NPST.PFV
+C: word: ba-ntu	 gloss: NP2-person
+D: word: ndi-a-mu-ku-dam-ín-i	 gloss: SM1SG-PST-OM1-OM2SG-beat-APPL-NPST.PFV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mbo-ndí̲-sanz-ir-é̲ ___ tu-súba
+Gloss (with missing item): NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-wash-APPL-PFV.SBJV ___ NP13-dish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I will wash the dishes for dinner.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The applied object can also be interpreted as the reason of the action, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71208055}--\ref{bkm:Ref75170222}).
+A: word: o-mu-ráːriro	 gloss: AUG-NP3-dinner
+B: word: o-mu-réː	 gloss: AUG-NP3-long
+C: word: e-zi-ryó	 gloss: AUG-NP8-food
+D: word: kw-angú	 gloss: NP17-POSS1SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-rí ∅-sozú ___ bu-ryo
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-DEM.I5 NP5-grass ___ NP14-only
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘This grass burns easily.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The applicative is combined with the reflexive prefix rí-/kí- and the adverb buryo ‘just, only’, to express a useless or purposeless action, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99962252}--\ref{bkm:Ref99962254}).
+A: word: ri-rih-tuhmbuk-ir-á	 gloss: SM5-REFL-burn-APPL-FV
+B: word: o-mu-ráːriro	 gloss: AUG-NP3-dinner
+C: word: ci-rih-bor-er-á̲	 gloss: SM7-REFL-rot-APPL-FV
+D: word: u-tuhmbuk-á̲	 gloss: SM3-burn-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): o-mu-ntu ___ bu-ryó
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP1\textsuperscript{\-\-}-person ___ NP14-just
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘A person who just talks…’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The applicative is combined with the reflexive prefix rí-/kí- and the adverb buryo ‘just, only’, to express a useless or purposeless action, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99962252}--\ref{bkm:Ref99962254}).
+A: word: kú-kar-a	 gloss: INF-sit-FV
+B: word: á̲-zyihmb-ir-á̲	 gloss: SM1.REL-sing-APPL-FV
+C: word: ndi-hítur-ir-e	 gloss: OM1SG-carry-APPL-PFV.SBJV
+D: word: á̲-rih-ambira-amb-ir-á̲	 gloss: SM1.REL-PL2-talk-APPL-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ba-ánce ___ ma-ínji
+Gloss (with missing item): NP2-child ___ NP6-water
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Children [normally] fetch water.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The core meaning of the this suffix is intensity, as shown in(\ref{bkm:Ref71210866}--\ref{bkm:Ref71210867}), but it may also express a range of related meanings: completeness, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71210899}--\ref{bkm:Ref71210902}); high frequency or habitual, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71211104}--\ref{bkm:Ref71210990}); long duration, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71211122}); or repetition, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref71211136}--\ref{bkm:Ref71211137}).
+A: word: ku-há-iw-a	 gloss: INF-give-PASS-FV
+B: word: o-mu-ráːriro	 gloss: AUG-NP3-dinner
+C: word: bá̲-tehk-á̲	 gloss: SM2.REL-fetch-FV
+D: word: ba-tehk-erer-á̲	 gloss: SM2-fetch-INT-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+

shuffled_multiple/Fwe/min_knowledge_points_8_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): shunu ___
+Gloss (with missing item): today ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Today, I am working. / Today, I will work.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: That the present construction only specifies that the event nucleus extends beyond UT, and does not specify if it overlaps with UT, may suggest that the label “present” is incorrect, and that an analysis of this construction as future is more suitable. There are, however, a number of reasons why a present analysis is preferred. Fwe has two future constructions (see \sectref{bkm:Ref463007186}), whose basic criteria are that the nucleus is situated in its entirety after UT: their only possible interpretation is future. This contrasts with the present construction, where overlap with UT is optional, and both future and present interpretations are possible. This difference is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref468114262}--\ref{bkm:Ref74908034}): the present construction in (\ref{bkm:Ref468114262}) can either be interpreted as indicating that the speaker already started working, or that he will start working. The near future construction in (\ref{bkm:Ref74908034}), however, can only indicate that the speaker has not yet started working, but will start working later the same day.
+A: word: a-sebez-á̲	 gloss: SM1-work-FV
+B: word: mú̲-kahnan-á̲	 gloss: SM2PL.REL-argue-FV
+C: word: ndi-sebez-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-work-FV
+D: word: ka-ndi-sebez-á̲	 gloss: PST.IPFV-SM1SG-work-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): shunu ___
+Gloss (with missing item): today ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Today, I will work.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: That the present construction only specifies that the event nucleus extends beyond UT, and does not specify if it overlaps with UT, may suggest that the label “present” is incorrect, and that an analysis of this construction as future is more suitable. There are, however, a number of reasons why a present analysis is preferred. Fwe has two future constructions (see \sectref{bkm:Ref463007186}), whose basic criteria are that the nucleus is situated in its entirety after UT: their only possible interpretation is future. This contrasts with the present construction, where overlap with UT is optional, and both future and present interpretations are possible. This difference is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref468114262}--\ref{bkm:Ref74908034}): the present construction in (\ref{bkm:Ref468114262}) can either be interpreted as indicating that the speaker already started working, or that he will start working. The near future construction in (\ref{bkm:Ref74908034}), however, can only indicate that the speaker has not yet started working, but will start working later the same day.
+A: word: mbo-ndí̲-sebez-é̲	 gloss: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-work-PFV.SBJV
+B: word: mbo-ndi-áku-berek-ang-a	 gloss: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-SBJV.IPFV-work-HAB-FV
+C: word: ka-ndi-shwen-é̲te	 gloss: PST.IPFV-SM1SG-become_tired-STAT
+D: word: ndí̲-sebez-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG.REL-work-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): shunu ___
+Gloss (with missing item): today ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Today, I am working. / Today, I will work.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: That the present construction only specifies that the event nucleus extends beyond UT, and does not specify if it overlaps with UT, may suggest that the label “present” is incorrect, and that an analysis of this construction as future is more suitable. There are, however, a number of reasons why a present analysis is preferred. Fwe has two future constructions (see \sectref{bkm:Ref463007186}), whose basic criteria are that the nucleus is situated in its entirety after UT: their only possible interpretation is future. This contrasts with the present construction, where overlap with UT is optional, and both future and present interpretations are possible. This difference is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref468114262}--\ref{bkm:Ref74908034}): the present construction in (\ref{bkm:Ref468114262}) can either be interpreted as indicating that the speaker already started working, or that he will start working. The near future construction in (\ref{bkm:Ref74908034}), however, can only indicate that the speaker has not yet started working, but will start working later the same day.
+A: word: ka-á̲-shih-ké̲ːzy-a	 gloss: PST.IPFV-SM1-PER-come-FV
+B: word: ndi-sebez-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-work-FV
+C: word: ka-ndi-sebez-á̲	 gloss: PST.IPFV-SM1SG-work-FV
+D: word: a-sebez-á̲	 gloss: SM1-work-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): shunu ___
+Gloss (with missing item): today ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Today, I will work.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: That the present construction only specifies that the event nucleus extends beyond UT, and does not specify if it overlaps with UT, may suggest that the label “present” is incorrect, and that an analysis of this construction as future is more suitable. There are, however, a number of reasons why a present analysis is preferred. Fwe has two future constructions (see \sectref{bkm:Ref463007186}), whose basic criteria are that the nucleus is situated in its entirety after UT: their only possible interpretation is future. This contrasts with the present construction, where overlap with UT is optional, and both future and present interpretations are possible. This difference is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref468114262}--\ref{bkm:Ref74908034}): the present construction in (\ref{bkm:Ref468114262}) can either be interpreted as indicating that the speaker already started working, or that he will start working. The near future construction in (\ref{bkm:Ref74908034}), however, can only indicate that the speaker has not yet started working, but will start working later the same day.
+A: word: ndí̲-sebez-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG.REL-work-FV
+B: word: ndi-mun-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-own-FV
+C: word: mbo-ndi-áku-berek-ang-a	 gloss: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-SBJV.IPFV-work-HAB-FV
+D: word: mbo-ndí̲-sebez-é̲	 gloss: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-work-PFV.SBJV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ o-∅-nkúku o-zyo ndí̲-a-ya-í̲
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ AUG-NP1a-chicken AUG-DEM.III1 SM1SG-PST-kill-NPST.PFV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘We are eating the chicken that I killed.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: I will now discuss and illustrate the different interpretations of the present construction in more detail. The present progressive interpretation, where the event nucleus overlaps with an extends beyond utterance time, is illustrated with the dynamic verbs rí ‘eat’ in (\ref{bkm:Ref98834031}), and kánan ‘argue’ in (\ref{bkm:Ref98834032}).
+A: word: ndi-uh-tw-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-OM3-pound-FV
+B: word: tu-ri-á̲	 gloss: SM1PL-eat-FV
+C: word: o-shih-ri-á̲	 gloss: SM2SG-COND-eat-FV
+D: word: a-ryh-á̲	 gloss: SM1-eat-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ∅-zì-njí ___
+Gloss (with missing item): COP-NP8-what ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘What are you arguing about?’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: I will now discuss and illustrate the different interpretations of the present construction in more detail. The present progressive interpretation, where the event nucleus overlaps with an extends beyond utterance time, is illustrated with the dynamic verbs rí ‘eat’ in (\ref{bkm:Ref98834031}), and kánan ‘argue’ in (\ref{bkm:Ref98834032}).
+A: word: mú̲-kahn-an-á̲	 gloss: SM2PL.REL-argue-REC-FV
+B: word: no=ku-káris-a	 gloss: COM=INF-start-FV
+C: word: mú̲-kahnan-á̲	 gloss: SM2PL.REL-argue-FV
+D: word: ri-ó=∅-ndavú	 gloss: PP5-CON=NP1a-lion
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ shunu
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ today
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I’ll pound it today.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The futurate interpretation of dynamic verbs in the present is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref477186128}--\ref{bkm:Ref477186129}).
+A: word: ka-á̲-shih-ké̲ːzy-a	 gloss: PST.IPFV-SM1-PER-come-FV
+B: word: ndi-uh-tw-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-OM3-pound-FV
+C: word: ndi-tw-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-pound-FV
+D: word: ndi-shih-tw-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-PER-pound-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-N-mwikí í̲-ké̲ːzy-a ___
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP9-week SM9.REL-come-FV ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Next week, I’ll work.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The futurate interpretation of dynamic verbs in the present is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref477186128}--\ref{bkm:Ref477186129}).
+A: word: ndi-sebez-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-work-FV
+B: word: a-sebez-á̲	 gloss: SM1-work-FV
+C: word: ka-ndi-sebez-á̲	 gloss: PST.IPFV-SM1SG-work-FV
+D: word: mbo-ndí̲-buːhk-á̲ng-e	 gloss: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-wake-HAB-PFV.SBJV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ e-N-ŋombe zí-ngíː
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ AUG-NP10-cow PP10-many
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I want to own many cattle.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Similar to their future interpretation, dynamic verbs in the present construction may also receive a modal interpretation, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref75249269}--\ref{bkm:Ref75249272}).
+A: word: ndi-buhtuk-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-run-FV
+B: word: a-kwesi	 gloss: SM1-PROG
+C: word: ka-ndi-mu-zyih-í̲	 gloss: NEG-SM1SG-OM1-know.STAT-NEG
+D: word: ndi-mun-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-own-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-N-potó ___
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-NP9-pot ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘A pot can/might break.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: I now turn to the interpretation of change-of-state verbs in the present construction. As shown in (\ref{bkm:Ref75248605}), the only possible interpretation of change-of-state verbs in the present is one that situates the nucleus after the time of speaking, i.e. a futurate or modal interpretation. More examples of this use of the present are given in (\ref{bkm:Ref441844899}--\ref{bkm:Ref75248624}).
+A: word: a-bah-zihmbauka-zimb-a-uk-á̲	 gloss: SM1-OM2-PL2-go_around-PL1-SEP.INTR-FV
+B: word: ndi-sebez-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-work-FV
+C: word: a-sebez-á̲	 gloss: SM1-work-FV
+D: word: i-bbam-uk-á̲	 gloss: SM9-break-SEP.INTR-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): o-shiH-ri-á̲ cáha ___
+Gloss (with missing item): SM2SG-COND-eat-FV very ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘When you eat too much, you become fat.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Linked to their modal interpretation in main clauses, change-of-state verbs in the present construction are also often used in the apodosis of a factual conditional, expressing an event that will come to pass if certain conditions are met, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref99094967}--\ref{bkm:Ref99094968}).
+A: word: bá̲-nun-í̲te	 gloss: SM2.REL-become_fat-STAT
+B: word: ndi-mun-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-own-FV
+C: word: o-shak-á̲	 gloss: SM2SG-like-FV
+D: word: o-nun-á̲	 gloss: SM2SG-become_fat-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu-N-júo a-iná ___ a-sanz-á̲ o-tu-súba
+Gloss (with missing item): NP18-NP9-house SM1-be_at ___ SM1-wash-FV AUG-NP13-dish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he is in the house, s/he is washing dishes.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The difference between the present progressive and aspectually unmarked present also relates to modality. With the present progressive, the speaker expresses certainty that the event is taking place at UT, but the aspectually unmarked present may leave more doubt about whether the action fully overlaps with UT. This contrast is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref467676720}--\ref{bkm:Ref72239269}), which both answer the question: ‘Where is that person?’. In (\ref{bkm:Ref72239269}), the aspectually unmarked present is used to imply that the person is supposed to wash dishes, but may at this very moment be busy with something else. In (\ref{bkm:Ref467676720}), the use of a present progressive implies that the person referred to is currently, without a doubt, busy washing dishes.
+A: word: a-kwesi	 gloss: SM1-PROG
+B: word: ba-kwesi	 gloss: SM2-PROG
+C: word: mú̲-kahnan-á̲	 gloss: SM2PL.REL-argue-FV
+D: word: ndi-kwesi	 gloss: SM1SG-PROG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu-N-júo a-iná a-kwesi ___ o-tu-súba
+Gloss (with missing item): NP18-NP9-house SM1-be_at SM1-PROG ___ AUG-NP13-dish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he is in the house, s/he is washing dishes.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The difference between the present progressive and aspectually unmarked present also relates to modality. With the present progressive, the speaker expresses certainty that the event is taking place at UT, but the aspectually unmarked present may leave more doubt about whether the action fully overlaps with UT. This contrast is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref467676720}--\ref{bkm:Ref72239269}), which both answer the question: ‘Where is that person?’. In (\ref{bkm:Ref72239269}), the aspectually unmarked present is used to imply that the person is supposed to wash dishes, but may at this very moment be busy with something else. In (\ref{bkm:Ref467676720}), the use of a present progressive implies that the person referred to is currently, without a doubt, busy washing dishes.
+A: word: a-sanz-á̲	 gloss: SM1-wash-FV
+B: word: ndi-ka-zih-sá̲nz-a	 gloss: SM1SG-DIST-OM10-wash-FV
+C: word: mú̲-kahnan-á̲	 gloss: SM2PL.REL-argue-FV
+D: word: a-tuh-ba-sanz-ir-á̲	 gloss: SM1-OM13-OM2-wash-APPL-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu-N-júo a-in-á ___ o-tu-súba
+Gloss (with missing item): NP18-NP9-house SM1-be_at-FV ___ AUG-NP13-dish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he is in the house, s/he is washing dishes.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The difference between the present progressive and aspectually unmarked present also relates to modality. With the present progressive, the speaker expresses certainty that the event is taking place at UT, but the aspectually unmarked present may leave more doubt about whether the action fully overlaps with UT. This contrast is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref467676720}--\ref{bkm:Ref72239269}), which both answer the question: ‘Where is that person?’. In (\ref{bkm:Ref72239269}), the aspectually unmarked present is used to imply that the person is supposed to wash dishes, but may at this very moment be busy with something else. In (\ref{bkm:Ref467676720}), the use of a present progressive implies that the person referred to is currently, without a doubt, busy washing dishes.
+A: word: a-sanz-á̲	 gloss: SM1-wash-FV
+B: word: ka-ndi-shwen-é̲te	 gloss: PST.IPFV-SM1SG-become_tired-STAT
+C: word: a-tuh-ba-sanz-ir-á̲	 gloss: SM1-OM13-OM2-wash-APPL-FV
+D: word: ndi-ka-zih-sá̲nz-a	 gloss: SM1SG-DIST-OM10-wash-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu-N-júo a-in-á ___ o-tu-súba
+Gloss (with missing item): NP18-NP9-house SM1-be_at-FV ___ AUG-NP13-dish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he is in the house, s/he is washing dishes.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The difference between the present progressive and aspectually unmarked present also relates to modality. With the present progressive, the speaker expresses certainty that the event is taking place at UT, but the aspectually unmarked present may leave more doubt about whether the action fully overlaps with UT. This contrast is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref467676720}--\ref{bkm:Ref72239269}), which both answer the question: ‘Where is that person?’. In (\ref{bkm:Ref72239269}), the aspectually unmarked present is used to imply that the person is supposed to wash dishes, but may at this very moment be busy with something else. In (\ref{bkm:Ref467676720}), the use of a present progressive implies that the person referred to is currently, without a doubt, busy washing dishes.
+A: word: a-sanz-á̲	 gloss: SM1-wash-FV
+B: word: i-bbam-uk-á̲	 gloss: SM\-9-break-SEP.INTR-FV
+C: word: a-tuh-ba-sanz-ir-á̲	 gloss: SM1-OM13-OM2-wash-APPL-FV
+D: word: ndi-ka-zih-sá̲nz-a	 gloss: SM1SG-DIST-OM10-wash-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu-N-júo a-iná ___ a-sanz-á̲ o-tu-súba
+Gloss (with missing item): NP18-NP9-house SM1-be_at ___ SM1-wash-FV AUG-NP13-dish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he is in the house, s/he is washing dishes.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The difference between the present progressive and aspectually unmarked present also relates to modality. With the present progressive, the speaker expresses certainty that the event is taking place at UT, but the aspectually unmarked present may leave more doubt about whether the action fully overlaps with UT. This contrast is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref467676720}--\ref{bkm:Ref72239269}), which both answer the question: ‘Where is that person?’. In (\ref{bkm:Ref72239269}), the aspectually unmarked present is used to imply that the person is supposed to wash dishes, but may at this very moment be busy with something else. In (\ref{bkm:Ref467676720}), the use of a present progressive implies that the person referred to is currently, without a doubt, busy washing dishes.
+A: word: a-sanz-á̲	 gloss: SM1-wash-FV
+B: word: ba-kwesi	 gloss: SM2-PROG
+C: word: ndi-kwesi	 gloss: SM1SG-PROG
+D: word: a-kwesi	 gloss: SM1-PROG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu-N-júo a-iná a-kwesi ___ o-tu-súba
+Gloss (with missing item): NP18-NP9-house SM1-be_at SM1-PROG ___ AUG-NP13-dish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he is in the house, s/he is washing dishes.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The difference between the present progressive and aspectually unmarked present also relates to modality. With the present progressive, the speaker expresses certainty that the event is taking place at UT, but the aspectually unmarked present may leave more doubt about whether the action fully overlaps with UT. This contrast is illustrated in (\ref{bkm:Ref467676720}--\ref{bkm:Ref72239269}), which both answer the question: ‘Where is that person?’. In (\ref{bkm:Ref72239269}), the aspectually unmarked present is used to imply that the person is supposed to wash dishes, but may at this very moment be busy with something else. In (\ref{bkm:Ref467676720}), the use of a present progressive implies that the person referred to is currently, without a doubt, busy washing dishes.
+A: word: a-sanz-á̲	 gloss: SM1-wash-FV
+B: word: o-nun-á̲	 gloss: SM2SG-become_fat-FV
+C: word: ndi-ka-zih-sá̲nz-a	 gloss: SM1SG-DIST-OM10-wash-FV
+D: word: a-tuh-ba-sanz-ir-á̲	 gloss: SM1-OM13-OM2-wash-APPL-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 17:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): zyóna ___
+Gloss (with missing item): yesterday ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Yesterday, \textstyleunderlinedChar{I was tired}.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The RPI may co-occur with markers that indicate a type of imperfective aspect, such as the stative in (\ref{bkm:Ref99970756}), the habitual -ang in (\ref{bkm:Ref99970757}), the progressive-marking fronted-infinitive construction in (\ref{bkm:Ref99970759}), the progressive auxiliary kwesi in (\ref{bkm:Ref99970760}), and the persistive shí- in (\ref{bkm:Ref99970761}).
+A: word: ka-ndí̲-rwahr-í̲te	 gloss: PST.IPFV-SM1SG-become_sick-STAT
+B: word: ka-ndi-shih-ní	 gloss: NEG-SM1SG-PER-be
+C: word: ndi-uh-tw-á̲	 gloss: SM1SG-OM3-pound-FV
+D: word: ka-ndi-shwen-é̲te	 gloss: PST.IPFV-SM1SG-become_tired-STAT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 18:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ mu-ru-shará ru-angú
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NP18-NP11-back PP11-POSS1SG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He was still coming behind me.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The RPI may co-occur with markers that indicate a type of imperfective aspect, such as the stative in (\ref{bkm:Ref99970756}), the habitual -ang in (\ref{bkm:Ref99970757}), the progressive-marking fronted-infinitive construction in (\ref{bkm:Ref99970759}), the progressive auxiliary kwesi in (\ref{bkm:Ref99970760}), and the persistive shí- in (\ref{bkm:Ref99970761}).
+A: word: bá̲-ké̲ːzy-a	 gloss: SM2.REL-come-FV
+B: word: ka-á̲-shih-ké̲ːzy-a	 gloss: PST.IPFV-SM1-PER-come-FV
+C: word: o-nun-á̲	 gloss: SM2SG-become_fat-FV
+D: word: ka-á̲-é̲nd-a	 gloss: PST.IPFV-SM1-go-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 19:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): e-inó N-súnda ___ ka-éti
+Gloss (with missing item): AUG-DEM.II9 NP9-week ___ ADV-eight
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘This week, I will wake up at eight.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Zambian Fwe, a near future habitual can be expressed by combining the near future perfective with the habitual suffix -ang, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref492310019}). In Namibian Fwe the expression of a near future habitual always requires the near future prefix áku-, as in (\ref{bkm:Ref492309983}).
+A: word: ndí̲-buːhk-á̲ng-a	 gloss: SM1SG.REL-wake-HAB-FV
+B: word: ne-mú̲-bú̲ːk-e	 gloss: REM-SM2PL-wake-PFV.SBJV
+C: word: mbo-ndí̲-buːhk-á̲ng-e	 gloss: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-wake-HAB-PFV.SBJV
+D: word: ka-á̲-shih-ké̲ːzy-a	 gloss: PST.IPFV-SM1-PER-come-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 20:
+You are a linguist specializing in Fwe. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): na-ásham-i ___ ku-zyímb-a
+Gloss (with missing item): SM1.PST-open_mouth-NPST.PFV ___ INF-sing-FV
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘She opens her mouth and starts to sing.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Instead of the connective clitic, consecutives may also take a comitative clitic no- (see also \sectref{bkm:Ref486270340} on comitatives), as in (\ref{bkm:Ref492133792}).
+A: word: no=ku-káris-a	 gloss: COM=INF-start-FV
+B: word: ku-ǀopor-a	 gloss: INF-run-FV
+C: word: o-ku-kárim-a	 gloss: AUG-INF-borrow-FV
+D: word: tu-ri-á̲	 gloss: SM1PL-eat-FV
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+

shuffled_multiple/Gyeli/min_knowledge_points_CH1_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): vɛ̂ mɛ̀ sâ m-wánɔ̀ w-ɔ́ɔ̀ ___ wɛ bùdɛ-H nû
+Gloss (with missing item): give.IMP 1SG.OBJ only N1-child 1-POSS.2SG ___ 2SG have-R 1.DEM.PROX
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Give me only your child that you have here.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The attributive marker also serves as optional marker for relative clauses, as shown in \REF{Gatt2}.
+A: word: nkwànò	 gloss: emptyset3.honey
+B: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
+C: word: wà	 gloss: 1:ATT
+D: word: (bá)	 gloss: (2:ATT)
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): vɛ̂ mɛ̀ sâ m-wánɔ̀ w-ɔ́ɔ̀ ___ wɛ bùdɛ-H nû
+Gloss (with missing item): give.IMP 1SG.OBJ only N1-child 1-POSS.2SG ___ 2SG have-R 1.DEM.PROX
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Give me only your child that you have here.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \REF{Gatt2} also illustrates the glossing for demonstratives which represents its two paradigms based on distance: one for proximal (\textsc{dem.prox}) vs.\ distal (\textsc{dem.dist}).
+A: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
+B: word: nkwànò	 gloss: emptyset3.honey
+C: word: wà	 gloss: 1:ATT
+D: word: (bá)	 gloss: (2:ATT)
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ pɛ́-ɛ́ mɛ̀ɛ̀ lwɔ̃̂ nyá ndáwɔ̀
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ there-DIST 1SG.FUT build real emptyset9.house
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I will build a real house over there.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The prepositions {\itshape the morpheme ___}, marking location, and the comitative {\itshape nà} also appear frequently in glosses. The locative {\it the morpheme ___} often precedes other locative adverbs, as in \REF{Gloc}. See \sectref{sec:its gloss ___e} for more information.
+A: word: ɛ́	 gloss: LOC
+B: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
+C: word: by-ɛ́sɛ̀	 gloss: 8-all
+D: word: kɛ̀-h-ɛ́	 gloss: go-R-LOC?
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): bá ___ b-wánɔ̀ b-áwɔ̀
+Gloss (with missing item): 2.SBJ ___ ba2-child 2-POSS.3PL
+The English translation of this sentence is:`they and/with their children'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The comitative marker {\it ná} expresses association in the nominal domain and can be translated both as `and' and `with', as shown in \REF{Gcom}.
+A: word: nâ	 gloss: COMP
+B: word: wà	 gloss: 1:ATT
+C: word: nà	 gloss: COM
+D: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+

shuffled_multiple/Gyeli/min_knowledge_points_CH2_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ba-sɔ́ ___ ba-tí
+Gloss (with missing item): ba2-friend ___ ba2-in.law
+The English translation of this sentence is:`the friends of the in-laws'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the first case, an H tone spreads from an attributive marker of a noun + noun attributive construction to the noun class prefix of the second noun, as in \REF{CONr2}. In contrast, the attributive marker in \REF{CONr1} has an L tone. Thus, the following underlyingly toneless noun class prefix of the second nominal constituent surfaces with L as well since it is underlyingly toneless and there is no H that could attach to it.
+A: word: bá	 gloss: 2:ATT
+B: word: mí-mbáà	 gloss: 4-two
+C: word: ba-tí	 gloss: ba2-in.law
+D: word: nzã́ã̀	 gloss: emptyset7.appetite
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ba-sɔ́ bá ___
+Gloss (with missing item): ba2-friend 2:ATT ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`the friends of the in-laws'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the first case, an H tone spreads from an attributive marker of a noun + noun attributive construction to the noun class prefix of the second noun, as in \REF{CONr2}. In contrast, the attributive marker in \REF{CONr1} has an L tone. Thus, the following underlyingly toneless noun class prefix of the second nominal constituent surfaces with L as well since it is underlyingly toneless and there is no H that could attach to it.
+A: word: b-ùdì	 gloss: ba2-person
+B: word: ba-tsídí	 gloss: ba2-animal
+C: word: ba-tí	 gloss: ba2-in.law
+D: word: kwé-hl	 gloss: fall-IMP
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): sɔ́ ___ ba-tí
+Gloss (with missing item): ∅1.friend ___ ba2-in.law
+The English translation of this sentence is:`the friend of the in-laws'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the first case, an H tone spreads from an attributive marker of a noun + noun attributive construction to the noun class prefix of the second noun, as in \REF{CONr2}. In contrast, the attributive marker in \REF{CONr1} has an L tone. Thus, the following underlyingly toneless noun class prefix of the second nominal constituent surfaces with L as well since it is underlyingly toneless and there is no H that could attach to it.
+A: word: ŋga	 gloss: PL
+B: word: wà	 gloss: 1:ATT
+C: word: (bá)	 gloss: (2:ATT)
+D: word: nkwànò	 gloss: emptyset3.honey
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): sɔ́ wà ___
+Gloss (with missing item): ∅1.friend 1:ATT ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`the friend of the in-laws'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the first case, an H tone spreads from an attributive marker of a noun + noun attributive construction to the noun class prefix of the second noun, as in \REF{CONr2}. In contrast, the attributive marker in \REF{CONr1} has an L tone. Thus, the following underlyingly toneless noun class prefix of the second nominal constituent surfaces with L as well since it is underlyingly toneless and there is no H that could attach to it.
+A: word: b-ùdì	 gloss: ba2-person
+B: word: ba-tsídí	 gloss: ba2-animal
+C: word: h-ma-ntúà	 gloss: OBJ.LINK-ma6-mango
+D: word: ba-tí	 gloss: ba2-in.law
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ba-sɔ́ ___ ba-tí
+Gloss (with missing item): ba2-friend ___ ba2-in.law
+The English translation of this sentence is:`the friends of the in-laws'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \REF{Toneright} gives an autosegmental representation of \REF{CONr2}. It shows how the H from the attributive marker spreads to the right onto the toneless noun class prefix which then surfaces as H as well.
+A: word: bá	 gloss: 2:ATT
+B: word: mí-mbáà	 gloss: 4-two
+C: word: kwé-h	 gloss: fall-PST
+D: word: h-ŋga	 gloss: OBJ.LINK-PL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ba-sɔ́ bá ___
+Gloss (with missing item): ba2-friend 2:ATT ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`the friends of the in-laws'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \REF{Toneright} gives an autosegmental representation of \REF{CONr2}. It shows how the H from the attributive marker spreads to the right onto the toneless noun class prefix which then surfaces as H as well.
+A: word: ba-tí	 gloss: ba2-in.law
+B: word: dè-h	 gloss: eat-R
+C: word: ba-tsídí	 gloss: ba2-animal
+D: word: b-ùdì	 gloss: ba2-person
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ba-sɔ́ ___ ba-tí
+Gloss (with missing item): ba2-friend ___ ba2-in.law
+The English translation of this sentence is:`the friends of the in-laws'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As discussed in \sectref{sec:toneless}, the noun class prefix is underlyingly toneless and only surfaces phonetically as L in isolation. If it was marked L, one would have to assume a more complicated rule of featural change or L deletion. Or, one would expect an underlying L to affect an H stem by lowering the L in downstep. This is, however, not the case, as shown in \figref{Fig:pitchHTS}. Just as in \REF{CONr2}, {\itshape mà-fwálá má bé-túmbɔ́} `borders (lit.\ ends of the countries)' surfaces with an H on the prefix {\itshape be-} which has spread from the preceding attributive marker {\itshape má}. The pitch track in \figref{Fig:pitchHTS}, represented by the lower line, shows that there is neither downstep nor downdrift, but the pitch stays at the same level throughout the utterance.%\footnote{This also shows that the Obligatory Contour Principle (OCP), ``which disallows sequences of identical tones'' as described by \citet[52]{yip2002}, is not relevant in Gyeli. Also at the level of underlying representation, the two disyllabic noun stems have subsequent H tones.}
+A: word: bá	 gloss: 2:ATT
+B: word: bàga-h	 gloss: stop-R
+C: word: mí-mbáà	 gloss: 4-two
+D: word: kwé-h	 gloss: fall-PST
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ba-sɔ́ bá ___
+Gloss (with missing item): ba2-friend 2:ATT ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`the friends of the in-laws'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As discussed in \sectref{sec:toneless}, the noun class prefix is underlyingly toneless and only surfaces phonetically as L in isolation. If it was marked L, one would have to assume a more complicated rule of featural change or L deletion. Or, one would expect an underlying L to affect an H stem by lowering the L in downstep. This is, however, not the case, as shown in \figref{Fig:pitchHTS}. Just as in \REF{CONr2}, {\itshape mà-fwálá má bé-túmbɔ́} `borders (lit.\ ends of the countries)' surfaces with an H on the prefix {\itshape be-} which has spread from the preceding attributive marker {\itshape má}. The pitch track in \figref{Fig:pitchHTS}, represented by the lower line, shows that there is neither downstep nor downdrift, but the pitch stays at the same level throughout the utterance.%\footnote{This also shows that the Obligatory Contour Principle (OCP), ``which disallows sequences of identical tones'' as described by \citet[52]{yip2002}, is not relevant in Gyeli. Also at the level of underlying representation, the two disyllabic noun stems have subsequent H tones.}
+A: word: kwé-h	 gloss: fall-PST
+B: word: ba-tí	 gloss: ba2-in.law
+C: word: b-ùdì	 gloss: ba2-person
+D: word: ba-tsídí	 gloss: ba2-animal
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mɛ-H wúmbɛ-H dè ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG-PRS want-R eat ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I want to eat (the) mangoes.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent In contrast, the nominal object {\itshape mantúà} `mangoes' in \REF{HTSM2} has a CV noun class prefix which takes the object-linking H tone.
+A: word: h-ma-ntúà	 gloss: OBJ.LINK-ma6-mango
+B: word: kwé-hl	 gloss: fall-IMP
+C: word: mà-ntúà	 gloss: ma6-mango
+D: word: ma-ntúà	 gloss: ma6-mango
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): gyàgâ ___
+Gloss (with missing item): buy.IMP ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Buy (pl.)!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: {\HTS} onto the verbal plural marker is generally restricted to specific grammatical environments since this marker only occurs in a few positions. Testing grounds for {\HTS} are limited to a preceding HL pattern with imperative verbs and the preceding H tone of the negative auxiliary {\itshape tí}. These are described with examples in \sectref{sec:nga}. To summarize the overall findings, {\itshape the morpheme ___} follows an imperative verb form that characteristically carries a final HL pattern. If {\itshape the morpheme ___} is intonation phrase-final, it surfaces with L, as in \REF{impP1}. If {\itshape the morpheme ___} is not phrase-final, the verbal marker hosts a potential object-linking H tone which it ``steals'' from a nominal object, as in \REF{impP2}. This example also shows that the H tone cannot spread further onto other toneless TBUs. The underlyingly toneless CV noun class prefix of {\itshape mantúà} `mangoes' has to surface L.
+A: word: h-ŋga	 gloss: OBJ.LINK-PL
+B: word: ŋga	 gloss: PL
+C: word: nzíí	 gloss: PROG.PRS.R
+D: word: kwé-hl	 gloss: fall-IMP
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): gyàgâ ___ ma-ntúà
+Gloss (with missing item): buy.IMP ___ ma6-mango
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Buy (pl.) mangoes!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: {\HTS} onto the verbal plural marker is generally restricted to specific grammatical environments since this marker only occurs in a few positions. Testing grounds for {\HTS} are limited to a preceding HL pattern with imperative verbs and the preceding H tone of the negative auxiliary {\itshape tí}. These are described with examples in \sectref{sec:nga}. To summarize the overall findings, {\itshape ŋga} follows an imperative verb form that characteristically carries a final HL pattern. If {\itshape ŋga} is intonation phrase-final, it surfaces with L, as in \REF{impP1}. If {\itshape ŋga} is not phrase-final, the verbal marker hosts a potential object-linking H tone which it ``steals'' from a nominal object, as in \REF{impP2}. This example also shows that the H tone cannot spread further onto other toneless TBUs. The underlyingly toneless CV noun class prefix of {\itshape mantúà} `mangoes' has to surface L.
+A: word: h-ŋga	 gloss: OBJ.LINK-PL
+B: word: nga-h	 gloss: PL-OBJ.LINK
+C: word: ŋga	 gloss: PL
+D: word: bá	 gloss: 2.SBJ
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tí ___ gyàga H-ma-ntúà
+Gloss (with missing item): NEG.R ___ buy OBJ.LINK-ma6-mango
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Don't (pl.) buy mangoes!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verbal marker also follows the negative auxiliary {\itshape tí}, which is then followed by a lexical non-finite verb. In this case, {\itshape the morpheme ___} always takes the H tone from the preceding auxiliary, as illustrated in \REF{impP3}.
+A: word: nzíí	 gloss: PROG.PRS.R
+B: word: h-ŋga	 gloss: OBJ.LINK-PL
+C: word: kwé-h	 gloss: fall-PST
+D: word: ŋga	 gloss: PL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mɛ ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.PST1 ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I ate.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Monosyllabic L verb stems take an H in past tenses \REF{Detachde2} and in the realis mood \REF{Detachde3}.
+A: word: h-ŋga	 gloss: OBJ.LINK-PL
+B: word: bwè-h	 gloss: obtain-R
+C: word: wúù	 gloss: 3.PST2
+D: word: dè-h	 gloss: eat-PST
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mɛ-H ___ tɛ́ɛ̀
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG-PRS ___ now
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I eat now.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Monosyllabic L verb stems take an H in past tenses \REF{Detachde2} and in the realis mood \REF{Detachde3}.
+A: word: dè	 gloss: eat
+B: word: bwè-h	 gloss: obtain-R
+C: word: ŋga	 gloss: PL
+D: word: dè-h	 gloss: eat-R
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mɛ-H ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG-PRS ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I fall.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The representation that follows for glossing is exemplified in \REF{Detachkwe} for all tonal melodies that attach. For citation form categories such as the present in \REF{Detachkwe1}, the underlying monosyllabic H stem is lowered to HL by an L. For the inflectional melody 1 with an H in \REF{Detachkwe2}, the verb just surfaces with its underlying H form. In \REF{Detachkwe3}, the HL inflectional melody 2 overrides the underlying H, resulting in a surface pattern that is identical to citation form categories.
+A: word: kwé-h	 gloss: fall-PST
+B: word: kwé-l	 gloss: fall-CF
+C: word: wà	 gloss: 1:ATT
+D: word: kwè	 gloss: fall
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mɛ ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.PST1 ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I fell.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The representation that follows for glossing is exemplified in \REF{Detachkwe} for all tonal melodies that attach. For citation form categories such as the present in \REF{Detachkwe1}, the underlying monosyllabic H stem is lowered to HL by an L. For the inflectional melody 1 with an H in \REF{Detachkwe2}, the verb just surfaces with its underlying H form. In \REF{Detachkwe3}, the HL inflectional melody 2 overrides the underlying H, resulting in a surface pattern that is identical to citation form categories.
+A: word: kwé-h	 gloss: fall-PST
+B: word: kwé-l	 gloss: fall-CF
+C: word: wà	 gloss: 1:ATT
+D: word: kwé-hl	 gloss: fall-IMP
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___
+Gloss (with missing item): ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Fall!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The representation that follows for glossing is exemplified in \REF{Detachkwe} for all tonal melodies that attach. For citation form categories such as the present in \REF{Detachkwe1}, the underlying monosyllabic H stem is lowered to HL by an L. For the inflectional melody 1 with an H in \REF{Detachkwe2}, the verb just surfaces with its underlying H form. In \REF{Detachkwe3}, the HL inflectional melody 2 overrides the underlying H, resulting in a surface pattern that is identical to citation form categories.
+A: word: wà	 gloss: 1:ATT
+B: word: kwé-h	 gloss: fall-PST
+C: word: kwé-hl	 gloss: fall-IMP
+D: word: kwè	 gloss: fall
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 17:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mɛ ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.PST1 ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I fell.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Since the final lowering of citation form categories in monosyllabic H verb stems is purely phonological and does not seem to carry any grammatical function, unlike the inflectional tonal melodies, I do not represent the phonological lowering rule in my glosses in the following chapters and appendices. In order to be consistent with the other verb patterns and to transparently track the attachment of inflectional melodies, I use the glosses as in \REF{Detachkweb}. The HL citation form will appear in the underlying form line (the second line) and possibly take inflectional melodies as in \REF{Detachkwe2b}. It should be kept in mind though that, phonologically, the underlying form of HL monosyllabic verb stems is in fact H.
+A: word: kwé-l	 gloss: fall-CF
+B: word: kwê-h	 gloss: fall-PST
+C: word: dè-h	 gloss: eat-R
+D: word: kwê	 gloss: fall
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+

shuffled_multiple/Gyeli/min_knowledge_points_CH3b_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): wɛ-H kɛ̀-H nà nyɛ̂ nkɔ̃̀wáká ___ a nzíí wɛ̂ vã́ã̀kɛ́ sâ mpù
+Gloss (with missing item): 2SG-PRS go-R COM 1 equal.sharing ___ 1 PROG.PRS 2SG.OBJ go[Bulu] do like.this
+The English translation of this sentence is:`You go with him equally sharing, he tries to trick you [lit. he is going to do you like this].'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The morpheme -{\itshape gà} is an inflectional suffix that attaches to subject pronouns, as shown in \REF{122t}, and to object pronouns, as in \REF{122s}.
+A: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
+B: word: wû-o-h	 gloss: there-VOC-DIST
+C: word: wɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 2SG.SBJ-CONTR
+D: word: nyɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mɛ-H nyɛ̂-H ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG-PRS see-R ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I see YOU/you, too.
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The morpheme -{\itshape gà} is an inflectional suffix that attaches to subject pronouns, as shown in \REF{122t}, and to object pronouns, as in \REF{122s}.
+A: word: nyɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
+B: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
+C: word: wɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 2SG-CONTR
+D: word: wɛ̂-gà	 gloss: 2.SG-CONTR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): m-ùdì kí tàtɔ ___
+Gloss (with missing item): N1-person NEG scream ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Nobody scream over there!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The vocative suffix is not exclusively restricted to proper names, but can also be used with common nouns. These occurrences are, however, limited to common nouns expressing a relation that can be used as address, such as {\itshape nyá-ò} `mother' and {\itshape tá-ò} `father'. The vocative can also attach to the locative adverb {\itshape wɛ̂} `there', as shown in \REF{VOC}, where it also combines with the distal H tone.
+A: word: wû-o-h	 gloss: there-VOC-DIST
+B: word: pɛ́-ɛ́	 gloss: there-DIST
+C: word: wú-o-h	 gloss: there-VOC-DIST
+D: word: nyɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+

shuffled_multiple/Gyeli/min_knowledge_points_CH4_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): b-wánɔ̀ ba dè-H mí-mbàngá ___ mí-mbáà
+Gloss (with missing item): ba2-child 2.PST1 eat-R mi4-nut ___ 4-two
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The children ate two nuts each.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Gyeli, distributive numerals only display one kind of reduplication, namely full reduplication. The numeral, based on its cardinal form, is entirely copied, including its agreement prefixes, if required, and tones, as shown in \REF{nut}.
+A: word: mí-mbáà	 gloss: 4-two
+B: word: má-báà	 gloss: 6-two
+C: word: mí-mbàngá	 gloss: mi4-nut
+D: word: lé	 gloss: 5:ATT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): b-wánɔ̀ ba dè-H mí-mbàngá mí-mbáà ___
+Gloss (with missing item): ba2-child 2.PST1 eat-R mi4-nut 4-two ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The children ate two nuts each.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Gyeli, distributive numerals only display one kind of reduplication, namely full reduplication. The numeral, based on its cardinal form, is entirely copied, including its agreement prefixes, if required, and tones, as shown in \REF{nut}.
+A: word: má-báà	 gloss: 6-two
+B: word: mí-mbáà	 gloss: 4-two
+C: word: má-ngá	 gloss: 6-GEN
+D: word: mí-mbàngá	 gloss: mi4-nut
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): nyã̂ ___ m-wánɔ̀
+Gloss (with missing item): emptyset1.mother ___ N1-child
+The English translation of this sentence is:`the child's mother'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Gyeli does not make a grammatical distinction between alienable and inalienable possession as shown in \REF{INAL}. No matter whether the possessee is a kin \REF{INAL1}, body part \REF{INAL2}, or material possession \REF{INAL3}, the attributive marker always agrees in class with the head noun (possessee).
+A: word: (bá)	 gloss: (2:ATT)
+B: word: ngá	 gloss: GEN
+C: word: wà	 gloss: 1:ATT
+D: word: nkwànò	 gloss: emptyset3.honey
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): d-úú ___ m-wánɔ̀
+Gloss (with missing item): le5-nose ___ N1-child
+The English translation of this sentence is:`the child's nose'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Gyeli does not make a grammatical distinction between alienable and inalienable possession as shown in \REF{INAL}. No matter whether the possessee is a kin \REF{INAL1}, body part \REF{INAL2}, or material possession \REF{INAL3}, the attributive marker always agrees in class with the head noun (possessee).
+A: word: má	 gloss: 6:ATT
+B: word: lé	 gloss: 5:ATT
+C: word: mí-mbáà	 gloss: 4-two
+D: word: léè	 gloss: 5.COP
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): nkwálá ___ m-wánɔ̀
+Gloss (with missing item): emptyset3.machete ___ N1-child
+The English translation of this sentence is:`the child's machete'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Gyeli does not make a grammatical distinction between alienable and inalienable possession as shown in \REF{INAL}. No matter whether the possessee is a kin \REF{INAL1}, body part \REF{INAL2}, or material possession \REF{INAL3}, the attributive marker always agrees in class with the head noun (possessee).
+A: word: b-wánɔ̀	 gloss: ba2-child
+B: word: mí	 gloss: 4:ATT
+C: word: mí-mbáà	 gloss: 4-two
+D: word: wá	 gloss: 3:ATT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): m-ùdû ___ Nándtùngù
+Gloss (with missing item): N1-man ___ emptyset1.PN
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Nandtoungou's husband'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Gyeli, the genitive split is conditioned by the type of possessor noun, distinguishing common nouns and proper names. If the possessor is expressed by a proper name, the genitive marker (\sectref{sec:its gloss ___}) is used, as in \REF{splitits gloss ___1}. If a common noun is used for the possessor instead, as in a parallel construction in \REF{splitits gloss ___2}, the two nouns are linked by an attributive marker.
+A: word: má-ngá	 gloss: 6-GEN
+B: word: wá	 gloss: 3:ATT
+C: word: ngá	 gloss: GEN
+D: word: mí-mbàngá	 gloss: mi4-nut
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): m-ùdũ̂ ___ m-ùdã̂
+Gloss (with missing item): N1-man ___ N1-woman
+The English translation of this sentence is:`the woman's husband'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Gyeli, the genitive split is conditioned by the type of possessor noun, distinguishing common nouns and proper names. If the possessor is expressed by a proper name, the genitive marker (\sectref{sec:GEN}) is used, as in \REF{splitGEN1}. If a common noun is used for the possessor instead, as in a parallel construction in \REF{splitGEN2}, the two nouns are linked by an attributive marker.
+A: word: wà	 gloss: 1:ATT
+B: word: má-ngá	 gloss: 6-GEN
+C: word: (bá)	 gloss: (2:ATT)
+D: word: nkwànò	 gloss: emptyset3.honey
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma-kwámɔ́ ___ Nándtùngù
+Gloss (with missing item): ma6-bag ___ ∅1.PN
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Nandtoungou's bags'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The genitive marker only takes an agreement prefix if the possessee head noun occurs in a plural form, as in \REF{splitGEN3}. Therefore, the genitive marker is conditioned both by the head noun's grammatical number and the dependent noun's status as common or proper noun. The dependent possessor noun determines whether an attributive or a genitive marker is used. The possessee head noun determines number/agreement class marking.
+A: word: má-ngá	 gloss: 6-GEN
+B: word: mí-mbàngá	 gloss: mi4-nut
+C: word: wà	 gloss: 1:ATT
+D: word: ngá	 gloss: GEN
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+

shuffled_multiple/Ik/min_knowledge_points_adverbs_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Gaana mɛna=díí ___ ʝ{\Í}k\ᶤ.
+Gloss (with missing item): bad:3SG issues:NOM=those ___ completely
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Those issues are really very bad!’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \textsc{manner} adverbs modify whole clauses by commenting on, for example, the manner in which a state comes across or in which an action is done. Manner adverbs usually come near or at the end of the clause they modify, as shown in example sentences \REF{ex:adv:1}-\REF{ex:adv:2} below. \tabref{tab:adv:manner} presents a sampling of these adverbs:
+A: word: ńda	 gloss: and
+B: word: zuku	 gloss: very
+C: word: nánoo	 gloss: INFR
+D: word: páka	 gloss: up.to
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ɦyekesa Icé.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ life:NOM Ik:GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The life of the Ik was good (back then).’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ik divides \textsc{past tense} into four time periods and marks them with adverbial enclitics. They are: 1) \textsc{recent past} that covers the current day and is marked with =nákà, 2) \textsc{removed past} that covers yesterday (or any last or ‘yester-’ time period like 'yesterday' or 'yesteryear') and is marked with =bàtsè, 3) \textsc{remote past} that covers a few days or weeks before yesterday and is marked with =nótsò, and finally, 4) \textsc{remotest past} that covers everything before the remote past and is marked with =nòkò. Each of these \isi{tense} enclitics comes directly after ther verb and has a non-final and final form. \tabref{tab:adv:past} illustrates the Ik \isi{tense} markers in all their forms, and examples \REF{ex:adv:3}-\REF{ex:adv:4} illustrate their typical post-verbal position in a sentence:
+A: word: atsa=noo	 gloss: come:3SG=PST
+B: word: maráŋá	 gloss: good:3SG
+C: word: táá	 gloss: next
+D: word: maráŋa=noo	 gloss: good:3SG=PST4
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Atsésíma ___ baratsᵒ.
+Gloss (with missing item): come:1PL.EXC ___ morning:INS
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘We will come tomorrow (i.e., next morning).’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ik divides the \textsc{non-past} \isi{tense} into three rather vaguely defined time periods suggested by three adverbs. They are: 1) the \textsc{distended} \textsc{present} that includes just before and just after the present and is expressed by the \isi{adverb} \textit{tsʼ\`{ɔ}\`{ɔ}}, 2) the \textsc{removed future} that includes the its gloss ___ future time period (its gloss ___ hour, its gloss ___ day, its gloss ___ year) and is expressed by the \isi{adverb} the morpheme ___, and 3) the \textsc{remote future} expressed by the \isi{adverb} fàrà (occasionally fàrò). \tabref{tab:adv:npst} arranges these adverbs in a paradigm, while \REF{ex:adv:7}-\REF{ex:adv:8} below illustrates them in natural sentences:
+A: word: ɨtáána	 gloss: reach:IPS
+B: word: maráŋa=noo	 gloss: good:3SG=PST4
+C: word: táá	 gloss: next
+D: word: koto	 gloss: then
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ teremátᵃ.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ separate:3PL
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘It looks like they separated.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ik can communicate a degree of un\isi{certainty} about a situation by means of a set of \textsc{inferential} tense-based adverbs. This sense of making a tentative inference based on an observation can be translated into English with such turns of phrase as ‘Apparently {\dots}’, ‘Maybe {\dots}’, ‘It seems that {\dots}’, ‘must have’, etc. Two of these inferential particles consist of the \isi{proclitic} ná plus a past-\isi{tense} \isi{particle}, while the third combines ná with the \isi{adverb} tsamʉ. \tabref{tab:adv:inf} presents the three inferential adverbial particles in their final and non-final forms. Note that compared to the past-\isi{tense} markers above in \tabref{tab:adv:past}, the inferential time-scale is moved up one notch more recent. Examples \REF{ex:adv:9}-\REF{ex:adv:10} show the Ik inferential adverbs in context. Note that they can be placed before or after the main verb.
+A: word: nánoo	 gloss: INFR
+B: word: maráŋa=noo	 gloss: good:3SG=PST4
+C: word: mɨta	 gloss: be:3SG
+D: word: ntsúó=noo	 gloss: it:COP=PAST
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+

shuffled_multiple/Ik/min_knowledge_points_case_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): H\'{ɔ}nɨnɨ ɦyɔa ___ ɓórékᵉ.
+Gloss (with missing item): drive:SEQ cattle:ACC ___ corral:DAT
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘And they drove their cattle to the corral.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \textsc{genitive} case, marked by the suffix \{-e\}, is the ‘of’ case, whose role is to encode a possessive or associative relationship a noun has with another noun (or, in rare cases, with a verb). Within the broad notions of \isi{possession} and association are finer nuances such as: ownership, part-whole relationship, kinship, and attribution. These nuances are illustrated in examples \REF{ex:case:22}-\REF{ex:case:25}:\\
+A: word: ńtí-e	 gloss: they-GEN
+B: word: fetíékù	 gloss: East:ABL
+C: word: fítés-o	 gloss: washing-INS
+D: word: ńda	 gloss: and
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Cɛma ___ ƙwázìkàᵉ.
+Gloss (with missing item): fight:3SG ___ clothes:GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘She’s washing clothes.’ (lit: ‘She is fighting with the washing of clothes.’)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \textsc{instrumental} case, marked by the suffix \{-o\}, is the ‘by’ or ‘with’ case. Unlike the ablative suffix \{-o\}, the instrumental suffix is subtractive, meaning that it first deletes the noun’s final vowel. The function of the \isi{instrumental case} is to mark secondary objects with such semantic roles as instrument/means, pathway, accompaniment, manner, time, and occupation. Each of these nuances are illustrated by one sentence each in example sentences \REF{ex:case:31}-\REF{ex:case:36}:\\
+A: word: cue=dííǃ	 gloss: water:OBL=those
+B: word: wetésátà	 gloss: drink:FUT:3PL
+C: word: fítés-o	 gloss: washing-INS
+D: word: ńtí-e	 gloss: they-GEN
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ wetím.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ drink:1PL.EXC
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘It was we (who) drank (it).’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \textsc{copulative} case, marked by the suffix \{-ko\}, is the ‘is’ or ‘coupling’ case, whose function is to link one noun to another in a relationship of exact identity. In this function, the copulative marks three kinds of nouns: 1) a focused (fronted) noun, 2) the \isi{complement} of a verbless \textsc{copula} (linking verb) clause, and 3) the \isi{complement} of a \isi{negative copula} of identity clause. These different uses of the copulative are illustrated in examples sentences \REF{ex:case:37}-\REF{ex:case:41}:\\
+A: word: ŋgó-ó=naa	 gloss: we-COP=PST
+B: word: ńtí-e	 gloss: they-GEN
+C: word: atsa=noo	 gloss: come:3SG=PST
+D: word: ntsúó=noo	 gloss: it:COP=PAST
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+

shuffled_multiple/Ik/min_knowledge_points_demonstratives_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Gaana ___ Lopíar{\Í}\'{ɛ} zùkᵘ.
+Gloss (with missing item): bad:3SG ___ Lopiar.GEN very
+The English translation of this sentence is:`That year (a while back) of Lopiar was very bad.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Just like spatial demonstratives, temporal demonstratives directly follow the noun they refer to, as example sentences \REF{ex:dem:3}-\REF{ex:dem:4} illustrate:
+A: word: bɛna=náá	 gloss: not.be:3SG=PST
+B: word: sàà	 gloss: other:NOM
+C: word: kaɨna=nótso	 gloss: year:NOM=DEM.SG.REM
+D: word: roɓa=díí	 gloss: people:NOM=ANAPH.PL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Atsa=noo ___ Sópìàᵒ.
+Gloss (with missing item): come:3SG=PST ___ Ethiopia:ABL
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Those people (already mentioned) came from Ethiopia.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ik \isi{anaphoric} demonstratives also directly follow their referents, as in \REF{ex:dem:5}-\REF{ex:dem:6}:
+A: word: kaɨna=nótso	 gloss: year:NOM=DEM.SG.REM
+B: word: ròɓà	 gloss: people:NOM
+C: word: mɛna=díí	 gloss: issues:NOM=those
+D: word: roɓa=díí	 gloss: people:NOM=ANAPH.PL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+

shuffled_multiple/Ik/min_knowledge_points_morphology_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): napei Kaaɓ\'{ɔ}ŋʉɔ ___ awᵃ
+Gloss (with missing item): from Kaabong:ABL ___ home:OBL
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘from Kaabong up to home’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following example sentences \REF{ex:morph:1}-\REF{ex:morph:8} offer an opportunity to see the prepositions from \tabref{tab:morph:prep} in a variety of natural language contexts:
+A: word: páka	 gloss: up.to
+B: word: kaúdza=díí	 gloss: money:NOM=ANAPH
+C: word: koto	 gloss: then
+D: word: toimɛna	 gloss: that:NOM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ Pakóíce ʝɨk, góƙánɨk\^{ɛ}d{\ᵋ}
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ Turkanas:OBL also seated:IPS:SIM:DP
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘even the Turkanas as well, (were) staying there’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following example sentences \REF{ex:morph:1}-\REF{ex:morph:8} offer an opportunity to see the prepositions from \tabref{tab:morph:prep} in a variety of natural language contexts:
+A: word: ʝɨk	 gloss: also
+B: word: toni	 gloss: even
+C: word: toimɛna	 gloss: that:NOM
+D: word: keɗe	 gloss: or
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Hyeíá ___ mɨt{\Í}da bɔnán.
+Gloss (with missing item): know:1SG ___ be:2SG orphan:OBL
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I know that you are an orphan.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \textsc{Complementizers} are words that introduce \isi{reported speech} or thought. For example, in the English sentence ‘She said that she agrees’, the word that is the \isi{complementizer} that introduces that reported statement she agrees. Ik has only two complementizers. One of them, \textit{tòìm\`{ɛ}nà-} ‘that’, is technically a noun and thus belongs in the noun word class. But because of its function, it is dealt with here. The word \textit{tòìm\`{ɛ}nà-}, a compound of the verb tód- ‘speak’ and mɛná- ‘words’, is used with a variety of speaking and thinking verbs. The second Ik \isi{complementizer}, tàà, is a probably a derivative of the verb kʉta ‘(s)he says’ that has been reduced over time. Even now it is usually used after the verb \textit{k\`{ʉ}t-} ‘say’. Example \REF{ex:morph:9} shows how \textit{tòìm\`{ɛ}nà-} is used in a sentence to introduce the clause \textit{mɨt{\Í}da bɔnán} ‘you are an orphan’. And example \REF{ex:morph:10} shows the \isi{complementizer} tàà introducing the clause \textit{iya ɲjíníkiʝa k\'{ɔ}\'{ɔ}kɛ} ‘our land is over there’:
+A: word: toimɛna	 gloss: that:NOM
+B: word: sàà	 gloss: other:NOM
+C: word: mɛna=díí	 gloss: issues:NOM=those
+D: word: páka	 gloss: up.to
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Kʉta \'{ɲ}cie ___ ia ɲjíníkiʝa k\'{ɔ}\'{ɔ}kɛ.
+Gloss (with missing item): say:3SG I:DAT ___ be:3SG we:land:NOM there
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He says to me that our land is over there.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \textsc{Complementizers} are words its gloss ___ introduce \isi{reported speech} or thought. For example, in the English sentence ‘She said its gloss ___ she agrees’, the word its gloss ___ is the \isi{complementizer} its gloss ___ introduces its gloss ___ reported statement she agrees. Ik has only two complementizers. One of them, \textit{tòìm\`{ɛ}nà-} ‘its gloss ___’, is technically a noun and thus belongs in the noun word class. But because of its function, it is dealt with here. The word \textit{tòìm\`{ɛ}nà-}, a compound of the verb tód- ‘speak’ and mɛná- ‘words’, is used with a variety of speaking and thinking verbs. The second Ik \isi{complementizer}, tàà, is a probably a derivative of the verb kʉta ‘(s)he says’ its gloss ___ has been reduced over time. Even now it is usually used after the verb \textit{k\`{ʉ}t-} ‘say’. Example \REF{ex:morph:9} shows how \textit{tòìm\`{ɛ}nà-} is used in a sentence to introduce the clause \textit{mɨt{\Í}da bɔnán} ‘you are an orphan’. And example \REF{ex:morph:10} shows the \isi{complementizer} tàà introducing the clause \textit{iya ɲjíníkiʝa k\'{ɔ}\'{ɔ}kɛ} ‘our land is over there’:
+A: word: koto	 gloss: then
+B: word: taa	 gloss: that
+C: word: ńda	 gloss: and
+D: word: kʉta	 gloss: say:3SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Tábayɔɔ ___ Fetíékù?
+Gloss (with missing item): West:ABL ___ East:ABL
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘From the West or from the East?’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following natural-language examples illustrate three of the mits gloss ___e commonly used coits gloss ___dinating connectives: kèɗè, kòtò, and ńdà. In example \REF{ex:mits gloss ___ph:11}, the connective kèɗè ‘its gloss ___’ joins two equal constituents, the nouns Tábayɔɔ and Fetíékù. In \REF{ex:mits gloss ___ph:12}, the connective kòtò ‘and, but, then,’ links two independent but semantically related clauses, and in \REF{ex:mits gloss ___ph:13}, the connective ńdà ‘and’ connects two \isi{passive} clauses:
+A: word: ńda	 gloss: and
+B: word: keɗe	 gloss: or
+C: word: toni	 gloss: even
+D: word: ɦyekesa	 gloss: life:NOM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ɨ\'{ʉ}mʉƙɔtɨakôd{\ᵉ}, moo ___ sáɓánɨ ínw{\ᵃ}
+Gloss (with missing item): marry.forcibly:1SG:SEQ:DP not:SEQ ___ kill:IPS animal:NOM
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘And from there I took (her) away as my wife, but no animal was killed.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following natural-language examples illustrate three of the more commonly used coordinating connectives: kèɗè, kòtò, and ńdà. In example \REF{ex:morph:11}, the connective kèɗè ‘or’ joins two equal constituents, the nouns Tábayɔɔ and Fetíékù. In \REF{ex:morph:12}, the connective kòtò ‘and, its gloss ___, then,’ links two independent its gloss ___ semantically related clauses, and in \REF{ex:morph:13}, the connective ńdà ‘and’ connects two \isi{passive} clauses:
+A: word: tákîdᵃ	 gloss: mean:2SG:REAL
+B: word: kotsana	 gloss: fetch:IPS
+C: word: koto	 gloss: but
+D: word: páka	 gloss: up.to
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Sáɓese basaúr ___ kotsana cue.
+Gloss (with missing item): kill:SPS eland:NOM ___ fetch:IPS water:NOM
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Elands were killed, and water was fetched.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following natural-language examples illustrate three of the more commonly used coordinating connectives: kèɗè, kòtò, its gloss ___ ńdà. In example \REF{ex:morph:11}, the connective kèɗè ‘or’ joins two equal constituents, the nouns Tábayɔɔ its gloss ___ Fetíékù. In \REF{ex:morph:12}, the connective kòtò ‘its gloss ___, but, then,’ links two independent but semantically related clauses, its gloss ___ in \REF{ex:morph:13}, the connective ńdà ‘its gloss ___’ connects two \isi{passive} clauses:
+A: word: ńda	 gloss: and
+B: word: ʝɨk	 gloss: also
+C: word: ƙeesída	 gloss: go:INT:2SG:REAL
+D: word: toimɛna	 gloss: that:NOM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Tábayɔɔ ___ Fetíékù?
+Gloss (with missing item): West:ABL ___ East:ABL
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘From the West or from the East?’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In contrast to the coits gloss ___dinating connectives shown in \tabref{tab:mits gloss ___ph:coits gloss ___dconn} and examples \REF{ex:mits gloss ___ph:11}-\REF{ex:mits gloss ___ph:13}, subits gloss ___dinating connectives join units of unequal status, usually a subits gloss ___dinate (dependent) clause to a main one. \tabref{tab:mits gloss ___ph:subits gloss ___dconn} provides a sample of the thirty Ik subits gloss ___dinating connectives, while examples \REF{ex:mits gloss ___ph:14}-\REF{ex:mits gloss ___ph:16} below illustrate the function of some of these connectives in a few natural-language environments:
+A: word: keɗe	 gloss: or
+B: word: taa	 gloss: that
+C: word: ńda	 gloss: and
+D: word: ɦyekesa	 gloss: life:NOM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Sáɓese basaúr ___ kotsana cue.
+Gloss (with missing item): kill:SPS eland:NOM ___ fetch:IPS water:NOM
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Elands were killed, and water was fetched.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In contrast to the coordinating connectives shown in \tabref{tab:morph:coordconn} its gloss ___ examples \REF{ex:morph:11}-\REF{ex:morph:13}, subordinating connectives join units of unequal status, usually a subordinate (dependent) clause to a main one. \tabref{tab:morph:subordconn} provides a sample of the thirty Ik subordinating connectives, while examples \REF{ex:morph:14}-\REF{ex:morph:16} below illustrate the function of some of these connectives in a few natural-language environments:
+A: word: toimɛna	 gloss: that:NOM
+B: word: ńda	 gloss: and
+C: word: ʝɨk	 gloss: also
+D: word: ƙeesída	 gloss: go:INT:2SG:REAL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ átsik{\ᵉ}, z\'{ɛ}ƙw\'{ɛ}tɔɔ nayéé na.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ come:3SG:SIM sit:3SG:SEQ here this
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘When she came, she sat down here.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In contrast to the coordithe morpheme ___ting connectives shown in \tabref{tab:morph:coordconn} and examples \REF{ex:morph:11}-\REF{ex:morph:13}, subordithe morpheme ___ting connectives join units of unequal status, usually a subordithe morpheme ___te (dependent) clause to a main one. \tabref{tab:morph:subordconn} provides a sample of the thirty Ik subordithe morpheme ___ting connectives, while examples \REF{ex:morph:14}-\REF{ex:morph:16} below illustrate the function of some of these connectives in a few the morpheme ___tural-language environments:
+A: word: koto	 gloss: then
+B: word: páka	 gloss: up.to
+C: word: napei	 gloss: from
+D: word: na	 gloss: when
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ átsik{\ᵉ}, z\'{ɛ}ƙw\'{ɛ}tɔɔ nayéé na.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ come:3SG:SIM sit:3SG:SEQ here this
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘When she came, she sat down here.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In example \REF{ex:morph:14} below, the subordithe morpheme ___ting connective \textit{ɗ\`{ɛ}m\`{ʉ}s\`{ʉ}} ‘before, unless, until’ introduces a dependent clause that connects semantically to the following independent one. The same grammatical structure is also evident in \REF{ex:morph:15} and \REF{ex:morph:16}, where the connectives \textit{m{\Í}s{\Ì}} ‘if, whether’ and the morpheme ___ ‘if, its gloss ___’ set off short dependent clauses that logically lead into main clauses that follow them:
+A: word: koto	 gloss: then
+B: word: napei	 gloss: from
+C: word: na	 gloss: when
+D: word: ńda	 gloss: and
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+

shuffled_multiple/Ik/min_knowledge_points_verbs_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Ik. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ƙàƙààƙ\`{ɔ}k\ᵋ.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ hunt:inside:DAT
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘People go hunting.’ (Lit. ‘It is gone for hunting.’)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \textsc{impersonal passive} suffix \{-àn-\} behaves like a typical \isi{passive} in that it eliminates the agent of a transitive verb and promotes the object to subject. However, unlike the \isi{passive} \{-ósí-\} described above, the impersonal \isi{passive} cannot be specified for the person or number of its subject. Instead, it remains marked for 3\textsc{sg} regardless of who or what the subject may be. Another strange property of \{-\`{a}n-\} is that it can be used with \isi{intransitive} verbs as well (just like the \isi{passive}). When used with \isi{intransitive} verbs, it has the function of downplaying the identity of the subject. For this reason, it can often be translated as ‘People {\dots}’ or ‘One {\dots}’, as in Tódian ‘People say (it)’. The impersonal \isi{passive} is a grammatical morpheme not listed in the lexicon, and so it must be illustrated in examples like \REF{ex:verbs:3}-\REF{ex:verbs:4}:
+A: word: ƙaíánà	 gloss: go:PLUR:IPS
+B: word: hyeíá	 gloss: know:1SG
+C: word: ɨtáána	 gloss: reach:IPS
+D: word: atsésíma	 gloss: come:1PL.EXC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+

shuffled_multiple/Japhug/min_knowledge_points_1-02_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [[ɯ-pi ni] ___ pɣa nɯ pa-mto-ndʑi
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.POSS-elder.sibling DU ___ bird DEM 3\flobv{}:AOR-see-DU
+The English translation of this sentence is:`His two elder siblings saw the bird.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Grammatical relations on noun phrases are encoded by postpositions such as the ergative \forme{the morpheme ___} (§\ref{sec:erg.kW}), the genitive \forme{ɣɯ} (§\ref{sec:genitive}) and the comitative \forme{cʰo} (§\ref{sec:comitative}), as well as relator nouns (§\ref{sec:relator.nouns}) such as the dative \forme{ɯ-ɕki} or \forme{ɯ-pʰe} (§\ref{sec:dative}). With the sole exception of the genitive forms of a few pronouns such as \forme{aʑɯɣ} \textsc{1sg}:\textsc{gen} (from \japhug{aʑo}{\textsc{1sg}} and \forme{ɣɯ}, §\ref{sec:pronouns.gen}), the postpositions do not merge phonologically with the previous word. As shown by (\ref{ex:Wpi.ni.kW}) and (\ref{ex:ra.GW.nWfsapaR}), they are located at the end of the noun phrase, further away from the head noun than all determiners, including number markers.
+A: word: qʰoʁqʰoʁ	 gloss: ingot
+B: word: a-tɤ-kɯ-nɯlaʁrdaβ-a	 gloss: IRR-PFV-2\fl{}1-hit.with.forelegs-1SG
+C: word: kɯ	 gloss: ERG
+D: word: lɯlu	 gloss: cat
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [[tɯrme ra] ___ nɯ-fsapaʁ
+Gloss (with missing item): person PL ___ 3PL.POSS-cattle
+The English translation of this sentence is:`People's cattle'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Grammatical relations on noun phrases are encoded by postpositions such as the ergative \forme{kɯ} (§\ref{sec:erg.kW}), the genitive \forme{the morpheme ___} (§\ref{sec:genitive}) and the comitative \forme{cʰo} (§\ref{sec:comitative}), as well as relator nouns (§\ref{sec:relator.nouns}) such as the dative \forme{ɯ-ɕki} or \forme{ɯ-pʰe} (§\ref{sec:dative}). With the sole exception of the genitive forms of a few pronouns such as \forme{aʑɯɣ} \textsc{1sg}:\textsc{gen} (from \japhug{aʑo}{\textsc{1sg}} and \forme{the morpheme ___}, §\ref{sec:pronouns.gen}), the postpositions do not merge phonologically with the previous word. As shown by (\ref{ex:Wpi.ni.kW}) and (\ref{ex:ra.GW.nWfsapaR}), they are located at the end of the noun phrase, further away from the head noun than all determiners, including number markers.
+A: word: tɯʑo	 gloss: GENR
+B: word: ɣɯ	 gloss: GEN
+C: word: a^-6-mɤ^-5-ɣɯ^-4-tɤ^-3-tɯ́^-2-wɣ^-1-ndza	 gloss: IRR^{-6}-NEG^{-5}-CISL^{-4}-PFV^{-3}-2^{-2}-INV^{-1}-eat
+D: word: mkʰɤrmaŋ	 gloss: people
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ɣɯ ɯ-rʑaβ ɯ-ɕki tɕe ``a-ɬaʁ" tu-kɯ-ti ŋu
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ GEN 3SG.POSS-wife 3SG.POSS-DAT LOC 1SG.POSS-aunt IPFV-\TEXTBF{GENR}-say be:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`One_i calls one_i's mother's brother's wife `my aunt'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: No more than one generic referent is possible per clause, so that if a noun with generic possessor prefix is found in the same clause as a verb with generic indexation, there is obligatory co-reference (§\ref{sec:indexation.generic.tr}), as in (\ref{ex:tWrpW.WrZaB}) between the possessor of \forme{the morpheme ___} `one's mother's brother' (indefinite form \forme{tɤ-rpɯ}, §\ref{sec:kinship}) and the transitive subject of the verb \forme{tu-kɯ-ti} `one says' (§\ref{sec:irregular.transitive}).
+A: word: ɯ-tɯ-rko	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-NMLZ:DEG-be.hard
+B: word: tɯ-rpɯ	 gloss: \TEXTBF{GENR}.POSS-mother's.brother
+C: word: cʰɤ-sɯ-tʂɯβ	 gloss: IFR-CAUS-sew
+D: word: qʰajŋgɯ	 gloss: water.trough
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɯ-rpɯ ɣɯ ɯ-rʑaβ ɯ-ɕki tɕe ``a-ɬaʁ" ___ ŋu
+Gloss (with missing item): \TEXTBF{GENR}.POSS-mother's.brother GEN 3SG.POSS-wife 3SG.POSS-DAT LOC 1SG.POSS-aunt ___ be:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`One_i calls one_i's mother's brother's wife `my aunt'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: No more than one generic referent is possible per clause, so that if a noun with generic possessor prefix is found in the same clause as a verb with generic indexation, there is obligatory co-reference (§\ref{sec:indexation.generic.tr}), as in (\ref{ex:tWrpW.WrZaB}) between the possessor of \forme{tɯ-rpɯ} `one's mother's brother' (indefinite form \forme{tɤ-rpɯ}, §\ref{sec:kinship}) and the transitive subject of the verb \forme{the morpheme ___} `one says' (§\ref{sec:irregular.transitive}).
+A: word: pɯ-asɯ-ndza-ndʑi	 gloss: PST.IPFV-PROG-eat-DU
+B: word: tu-kɯ-ti	 gloss: IPFV-\TEXTBF{GENR}-say
+C: word: tu-kɯ-tsɯm-a	 gloss: IPFV-2\fl{}1-take.away-1SG
+D: word: lɯlu	 gloss: cat
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): rɟɤlpu kɯ ɯ-ma nɯ ___ ra tu-z-nɤme pjɤ-ŋu
+Gloss (with missing item): king ERG 3SG.POSS-work DEM ___ PL IPFV-CAUS-do[III] IFR.IPFV-be
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The king used to make the people do work for him.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The sigmatic causative is the most productive derivation in Japhug. It is compatible with intransitive, transitive and even ditransitive verbs (§\ref{sec:ditransitive.causative}), and has a wide range of meanings (§\ref{sec:sig.caus.function}), from coercion (§\ref{sec:sig.caus.coercitive}) as in (\ref{ex:kW.tuznAme}) to indirect causation (§\ref{sec:sig.caus.indirect}).
+A: word: tɯrme-kʰa	 gloss: people-house
+B: word: mkʰɤrmaŋ	 gloss: people
+C: word: kʰɤɕkʰɤr	 gloss: men.seating.place
+D: word: taqaβ	 gloss: needle
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): rɟɤlpu kɯ ɯ-ma nɯ mkʰɤrmaŋ ___ tu-z-nɤme pjɤ-ŋu
+Gloss (with missing item): king ERG 3SG.POSS-work DEM people ___ IPFV-CAUS-do[III] IFR.IPFV-be
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The king used to make the people do work for him.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The sigmatic causative is the most productive derivation in Japhug. It is compatible with intthe morpheme ___nsitive, tthe morpheme ___nsitive and even ditthe morpheme ___nsitive verbs (§\ref{sec:ditthe morpheme ___nsitive.causative}), and has a wide the morpheme ___nge of meanings (§\ref{sec:sig.caus.function}), from coercion (§\ref{sec:sig.caus.coercitive}) as in (\ref{ex:kW.tuznAme}) to indirect causation (§\ref{sec:sig.caus.indirect}).
+A: word: ɯʑora	 gloss: 3PL
+B: word: ɯ-laχtɕʰa	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-thing
+C: word: ra	 gloss: PL
+D: word: kɤ-ɣndʑɯr	 gloss: OBJ:PCP-grind
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): rɟɤlpu kɯ ɯ-ma nɯ mkʰɤrmaŋ ra ___ pjɤ-ŋu
+Gloss (with missing item): king ERG 3SG.POSS-work DEM people PL ___ IFR.IPFV-be
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The king used to make the people do work for him.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The sigmatic causative is the most productive derivation in Japhug. It is compatible with intransitive, transitive and even ditransitive verbs (§\ref{sec:ditransitive.causative}), and has a wide range of meanings (§\ref{sec:sig.caus.function}), from coercion (§\ref{sec:sig.caus.coercitive}) as in (\ref{ex:kW.tuznAme}) to indirect causation (§\ref{sec:sig.caus.indirect}).
+A: word: tu-z-nɤme	 gloss: IPFV-CAUS-do[III]
+B: word: ɲɯ-z-nɤme	 gloss: IPFV-CAUS-do[III]
+C: word: lɯlu	 gloss: cat
+D: word: ɲɯ-sɯ-ɤβze	 gloss: IPFV-CAUS-become[III]
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ taqaβ ki kɯ tɯ-ŋga cʰɤ-sɯ-tʂɯβ
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ needle DEM.PROX ERG INDEF.POSS-clothes IFR-CAUS-sew
+The English translation of this sentence is:`S/he sewed the clothes with this needle.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The sigmatic causative is also used to mark instruments (§\ref{sec:sig.caus.instrumental}), for example in (\ref{ex:kW.chAsWtsxWB}), where the instrument \japhug{taqaβ}{needle} receives ergative marthe morpheme ___ng (§\ref{sec:instr.kW}) like a causee (§\ref{sec:causee.kW}): the construction literally means `s/he made the needle sew the clothes'.
+A: word: nɯ-ɕki	 gloss: 3PL.POSS-DAT
+B: word: pɣa	 gloss: bird
+C: word: ki	 gloss: DEM.PROX
+D: word: kɯkɯra	 gloss: DEM.PROX:PL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ki ___ ki kɯ tɯ-ŋga cʰɤ-sɯ-tʂɯβ
+Gloss (with missing item): DEM.PROX ___ DEM.PROX ERG INDEF.POSS-clothes IFR-CAUS-sew
+The English translation of this sentence is:`S/he sewed the clothes with this needle.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The sigmatic causative is also used to mark instruments (§\ref{sec:sig.caus.instrumental}), for example in (\ref{ex:kW.chAsWtsxWB}), where the instrument \japhug{the morpheme ___}{its gloss ___} receives ergative marking (§\ref{sec:instr.kW}) like a causee (§\ref{sec:causee.kW}): the construction literally means `s/he made the its gloss ___ sew the clothes'.
+A: word: tʰaʁmu	 gloss: weaving.blade
+B: word: taqaβ	 gloss: needle
+C: word: ɯ-laχtɕʰa	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-thing
+D: word: kɯ-ɤrɯ-taqaβ	 gloss: SBJ:PCP-DENOM-needle
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ki taqaβ ___ kɯ tɯ-ŋga cʰɤ-sɯ-tʂɯβ
+Gloss (with missing item): DEM.PROX needle ___ ERG INDEF.POSS-clothes IFR-CAUS-sew
+The English translation of this sentence is:`S/he sewed the clothes with this needle.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The sigmatic causative is also used to mark instruments (§\ref{sec:sig.caus.instrumental}), for example in (\ref{ex:kW.chAsWtsxWB}), where the instrument \japhug{taqaβ}{needle} receives ergative marthe morpheme ___ng (§\ref{sec:instr.kW}) like a causee (§\ref{sec:causee.kW}): the construction literally means `s/he made the needle sew the clothes'.
+A: word: ki	 gloss: DEM.PROX
+B: word: nɯ-ɕki	 gloss: 3PL.POSS-DAT
+C: word: pɣa	 gloss: bird
+D: word: kɯkɯra	 gloss: DEM.PROX:PL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ki taqaβ ki ___ tɯ-ŋga cʰɤ-sɯ-tʂɯβ
+Gloss (with missing item): DEM.PROX needle DEM.PROX ___ INDEF.POSS-clothes IFR-CAUS-sew
+The English translation of this sentence is:`S/he sewed the clothes with this needle.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The sigmatic causative is also used to mark instruments (§\ref{sec:sig.caus.instrumental}), for example in (\ref{ex:kW.chAsWtsxWB}), where the instrument \japhug{taqaβ}{needle} receives ergative marking (§\ref{sec:instr.kW}) like a causee (§\ref{sec:causee.kW}): the construction literally means `s/he made the needle sew the clothes'.
+A: word: a-tɤ-kɯ-nɯlaʁrdaβ-a	 gloss: IRR-PFV-2\fl{}1-hit.with.forelegs-1SG
+B: word: ɯ-laχtɕʰa	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-thing
+C: word: qʰoʁqʰoʁ	 gloss: ingot
+D: word: kɯ	 gloss: ERG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ki taqaβ ki kɯ tɯ-ŋga ___
+Gloss (with missing item): DEM.PROX needle DEM.PROX ERG INDEF.POSS-clothes ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`S/he sewed the clothes with this needle.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The sigmatic causative is also used to mark instruments (§\ref{sec:sig.caus.instrumental}), for example in (\ref{ex:kW.chAsWtsxWB}), where the instrument \japhug{taqaβ}{needle} receives ergative marking (§\ref{sec:instr.kW}) like a causee (§\ref{sec:causee.kW}): the construction literally means `s/he made the needle sew the clothes'.
+A: word: cʰɯ-tɯ-nɯ-sɯ-tʂɯβ	 gloss: IPFV-2-AUTO-CAUS/ABIL-sew
+B: word: cʰɤ-sɯ-tʂɯβ	 gloss: IFR-CAUS-sew
+C: word: cʰɤ-tʂɯβ	 gloss: IFR-sew
+D: word: pɣa	 gloss: bird
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [nɯɕɯŋgɯ ɣɯ ___ pɯ-kɯ-tu] nɯra ɕ-tú-wɣ-sɯ-rtoʁ tɕe,
+Gloss (with missing item): before GEN ___ PST.IPFV-SBJ:PCP-exist DEM:PL TRAL-IPFV-INV-CAUS-look LNK
+The English translation of this sentence is:`They go (there) and show [the child_i objects] that he_i used to have before (in his_i previous life, when he_i was a lama).'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The first piece of evidence for this type of alignment in Gyalrong languages to have been proposed \citep{jackson03caodeng} is the fact that the \forme{kɯ-} (subject) participle (§\ref{sec:subject.participle.subject.relative}) is the only form that can be used to relativize both intransitive (§\ref{sec:intr.subject.relativization}) and transitive subjects (§\ref{sec:tr.subject.relativization}). However, the \forme{kɯ-} participles are not exclusively used to relativize intransitive and transitive subjects: they can also relativize possessors of intransitive subjects (§\ref{sec:possessor.relativization}), and are the only option to do so, resulting in ambiguities (see examples \ref{ex:WlaXtCha.pWkWtu} and \ref{ex:jla.nWRrW.kWtu} in §\ref{sec:possessive.mihi.est}).
+A: word: tɯ-laχtɕʰa	 gloss: GENR.POSS-thing
+B: word: pɣa	 gloss: bird
+C: word: ɯ-laχtɕʰa	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-thing
+D: word: ɯ-skɯrma	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-present
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ nɯ-ʁrɯ kɯ-tu] ra kɯnɤ, nɯ-rpaʁ kɯ ɲɯ-z-rɤɕi-nɯ pɯ-ŋu tɕe,
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3PL.POSS-horn SBJ:PCP-exist DEM:PL also 3PL.POSS-shoulder ERG IPFV-CAUS-pull-PL PST.IPFV-be LNK
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Even the hybrid yaks that had horns used to pull [the plough] with their shoulders (rather than with their horns).'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The first piece of evidence for this type of alignment in Gyalrong languages to have been proposed \citep{jackson03caodeng} is the fact that the \forme{kɯ-} (subject) participle (§\ref{sec:subject.participle.subject.relative}) is the only form that can be used to relativize both intransitive (§\ref{sec:intr.subject.relativization}) and transitive subjects (§\ref{sec:tr.subject.relativization}). However, the \forme{kɯ-} participles are not exclusively used to relativize intransitive and transitive subjects: they can also relativize possessors of intransitive subjects (§\ref{sec:possessor.relativization}), and are the only option to do so, resulting in ambiguities (see examples \ref{ex:WlaXtCha.pWkWtu} and \ref{ex:the morpheme ___.nWRrW.kWtu} in §\ref{sec:possessive.mihi.est}).
+A: word: pɣa	 gloss: bird
+B: word: nɯ-jla	 gloss: 3PL.POSS-hybrid.yak
+C: word: jla	 gloss: hybrid.yak
+D: word: ftsoʁ	 gloss: female.hybrid.yak
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [lɯlu nɯ kɯ ___ ta-ndza] nɯ
+Gloss (with missing item): cat DEM ERG ___ AOR:3\flobv{}-eat DEM
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The bird that the cat ate'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example (\ref{ex:lWlu.nW.kW.tAkAndza}) illustrates a head-internal finite relative: the relativized object \japhug{the morpheme ___}{bird} is located between the transitive subject \forme{lɯlu nɯ kɯ} and the finite verb (an object participle \forme{tɤ-kɤ-ndza} (\textsc{aor}-\textsc{obj}:\textsc{pcp}-eat) would also be possible to express the same meaning), at the position it would normally occupy in the corresponding independent sentence (see \ref{ex:lWlu.nW.kW.tondza} above).
+A: word: tamar	 gloss: butter
+B: word: tu-kɯ-ti	 gloss: IPFV-GENR-say
+C: word: ja-pɣaʁ	 gloss: AOR:3\flobv{}-cross
+D: word: pɣa	 gloss: \textbf{bird}
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [pɣa ɯ-tɤ-kɯ-ndza] ___ nɯ
+Gloss (with missing item): bird 3SG.POSS-AOR-SBJ:PCP-eat ___ DEM
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The cat that ate the bird'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{ex:pGA.WkWndza}) on the other hand, the relative clause precedes the relativized transitive subject \japhug{the morpheme ___}{cat}.
+A: word: lɯlu	 gloss: \textbf{cat}
+B: word: tɯ-rpɯ	 gloss: GENR.POSS-MB
+C: word: pjɤ-nɯkɯlu-nɯ	 gloss: IFR-be.lost-PL
+D: word: kɤ-ɣɯt	 gloss: INF-bring
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+

shuffled_multiple/Japhug/min_knowledge_points_2-01_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕè ___ cì pjɤ-tú-ndʑi tɕè tɤ-rʑáβ nɯ̀ ɬamú pjɤ-rmí. tɤ-tɕɯ́ nɯ̀ tsʰɯráŋ pjɤ-rmí.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK ___ INDEF IFR.IPFV-exist-DU LNK INDEF.POSS-wife DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called INDEF.POSS-son DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There was a couple, the wife was called Lhamo, and the man Tshering.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The clearest phonological criterion for wordhood is stress. Stress is by default word-final, and words have at most one stress. Most function words, including linkers (§\ref{sec:coordination}), determiners (§\ref{sec:determiners}), postpositions (§\ref{ex:postpositions}) and even relator nouns (§\ref{sec:relator.nouns}) lack stress (unless they receive special emphasis). In example (\ref{ex:clitics.words}), the stressed syllables are indicated by an acute accent, and the unstressed function words by a grave accent.
+A: word: ʁzɤmí	 gloss: couple
+B: word: tɤ-rʑáβ	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-wife
+C: word: tɤrcɯrca	 gloss: together
+D: word: ʁzɤmi	 gloss: couple
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕè ʁzɤmí cì ___ tɕè tɤ-rʑáβ nɯ̀ ɬamú pjɤ-rmí. tɤ-tɕɯ́ nɯ̀ tsʰɯráŋ pjɤ-rmí.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK couple INDEF ___ LNK INDEF.POSS-wife DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called INDEF.POSS-son DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There was a couple, the wife was called Lhamo, and the man Tshering.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The clearest phonological criterion for wordhood is stress. Stress is by default word-final, and words have at most one stress. Most function words, including linkers (§\ref{sec:coordination}), determiners (§\ref{sec:determiners}), postpositions (§\ref{ex:postpositions}) and even relator nouns (§\ref{sec:relator.nouns}) lack stress (unless they receive special emphasis). In example (\ref{ex:clitics.words}), the stressed syllables are indicated by an acute accent, and the unstressed function words by a grave accent.
+A: word: pjɤ-tu-nɯ	 gloss: IFR.IPFV-exist-PL
+B: word: ɬamú	 gloss: ANTHR
+C: word: pjɤ-tu	 gloss: IFR.IPFV-exist
+D: word: pjɤ-tú-ndʑi	 gloss: IFR.IPFV-exist-DU
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕè ʁzɤmí cì pjɤ-tú-ndʑi tɕè ___ nɯ̀ ɬamú pjɤ-rmí. tɤ-tɕɯ́ nɯ̀ tsʰɯráŋ pjɤ-rmí.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK couple INDEF IFR.IPFV-exist-DU LNK ___ DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called INDEF.POSS-son DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There was a couple, the wife was called Lhamo, and the man Tshering.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The clearest phonological criterion for wordhood is stress. Stress is by default word-final, and words have at most one stress. Most function words, including linkers (§\ref{sec:coordination}), determiners (§\ref{sec:determiners}), postpositions (§\ref{ex:postpositions}) and even relator nouns (§\ref{sec:relator.nouns}) lack stress (unless they receive special emphasis). In example (\ref{ex:clitics.words}), the stressed syllables are indicated by an acute accent, and the unstressed function words by a grave accent.
+A: word: tɤ-rʑáβ	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-wife
+B: word: tɤ-nmaʁ	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-husband
+C: word: tɤ-tɕɯ́	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-son
+D: word: tɤ-rʑaβ	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-wife
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕè ʁzɤmí cì pjɤ-tú-ndʑi tɕè tɤ-rʑáβ nɯ̀ ___ pjɤ-rmí. tɤ-tɕɯ́ nɯ̀ tsʰɯráŋ pjɤ-rmí.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK couple INDEF IFR.IPFV-exist-DU LNK INDEF.POSS-wife DEM ___ IPFV.IPFV-be.called INDEF.POSS-son DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There was a couple, the wife was called Lhamo, and the man Tshering.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The clearest phonological criterion for wordhood is stress. Stress is by default word-final, and words have at most one stress. Most function words, including linkers (§\ref{sec:coordination}), determiners (§\ref{sec:determiners}), postpositions (§\ref{ex:postpositions}) and even relator nouns (§\ref{sec:relator.nouns}) lack stress (unless they receive special emphasis). In example (\ref{ex:clitics.words}), the stressed syllables are indicated by an acute accent, and the unstressed function words by a grave accent.
+A: word: tɤ-tɕɯ́	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-son
+B: word: qrormbɯ	 gloss: anthill
+C: word: ɬamú	 gloss: ANTHR
+D: word: ɬamu	 gloss: ANTHR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕè ʁzɤmí cì pjɤ-tú-ndʑi tɕè tɤ-rʑáβ nɯ̀ ɬamú pjɤ-rmí. ___ nɯ̀ tsʰɯráŋ pjɤ-rmí.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK couple INDEF IFR.IPFV-exist-DU LNK INDEF.POSS-wife DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called ___ DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There was a couple, the wife was called Lhamo, and the man Tshering.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The clearest phonological criterion for wordhood is stress. Stress is by default word-final, and words have at most one stress. Most function words, including linkers (§\ref{sec:coordination}), determiners (§\ref{sec:determiners}), postpositions (§\ref{ex:postpositions}) and even relator nouns (§\ref{sec:relator.nouns}) lack stress (unless they receive special emphasis). In example (\ref{ex:clitics.words}), the stressed syllables are indicated by an acute accent, and the unstressed function words by a grave accent.
+A: word: tɤ-rɟit	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-child
+B: word: tsʰɯráŋ	 gloss: ANTHR
+C: word: tɤ-tɕɯ́	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-son
+D: word: tɤ-tɕɯ	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-son
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕè ʁzɤmí cì pjɤ-tú-ndʑi tɕè tɤ-rʑáβ nɯ̀ ɬamú pjɤ-rmí. tɤ-tɕɯ́ nɯ̀ ___ pjɤ-rmí.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK couple INDEF IFR.IPFV-exist-DU LNK INDEF.POSS-wife DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called INDEF.POSS-son DEM ___ IPFV.IPFV-be.called
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There was a couple, the wife was called Lhamo, and the man Tshering.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The clearest phonological criterion for wordhood is stress. Stress is by default word-final, and words have at most one stress. Most function words, including linkers (§\ref{sec:coordination}), determiners (§\ref{sec:determiners}), postpositions (§\ref{ex:postpositions}) and even relator nouns (§\ref{sec:relator.nouns}) lack stress (unless they receive special emphasis). In example (\ref{ex:clitics.words}), the stressed syllables are indicated by an acute accent, and the unstressed function words by a grave accent.
+A: word: ɬamú	 gloss: ANTHR
+B: word: tsʰɯráŋ	 gloss: ANTHR
+C: word: tsʰɯraŋ	 gloss: ANTHR
+D: word: qrormbɯ	 gloss: anthill
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕè ___ cì pjɤ-tú-ndʑi tɕè tɤ-rʑáβ nɯ̀ ɬamú pjɤ-rmí. tɤ-tɕɯ́ nɯ̀ tsʰɯráŋ pjɤ-rmí.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK ___ INDEF IFR.IPFV-exist-DU LNK INDEF.POSS-wife DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called INDEF.POSS-son DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There was a couple, the wife was called Lhamo, and the man Tshering.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are only three groups of exceptions to word-final stress placement (for instance the unstressed suffix \forme{-ndʑi} in \ref{ex:clitics.words}), as seen in the previous section (§\ref{sec:stress}). Given its predictability, stress is not noted in the transcription employed in this grammar, except on stress-attracting prefixes.
+A: word: tɤrcɯrca	 gloss: together
+B: word: tsʰɯráŋ	 gloss: ANTHR
+C: word: ʁzɤmí	 gloss: couple
+D: word: ʁzɤmi	 gloss: couple
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕè ʁzɤmí cì ___ tɕè tɤ-rʑáβ nɯ̀ ɬamú pjɤ-rmí. tɤ-tɕɯ́ nɯ̀ tsʰɯráŋ pjɤ-rmí.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK couple INDEF ___ LNK INDEF.POSS-wife DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called INDEF.POSS-son DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There was a couple, the wife was called Lhamo, and the man Tshering.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are only three groups of exceptions to word-final stress placement (for instance the unstressed suffix \forme{-ndʑi} in \ref{ex:clitics.words}), as seen in the previous section (§\ref{sec:stress}). Given its predictability, stress is not noted in the transcription employed in this grammar, except on stress-attracting prefixes.
+A: word: tsʰɯráŋ	 gloss: ANTHR
+B: word: pjɤ-tu	 gloss: IFR.IPFV-exist
+C: word: pjɤ-tu-nɯ	 gloss: IFR.IPFV-exist-PL
+D: word: pjɤ-tú-ndʑi	 gloss: IFR.IPFV-exist-DU
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕè ʁzɤmí cì pjɤ-tú-ndʑi tɕè ___ nɯ̀ ɬamú pjɤ-rmí. tɤ-tɕɯ́ nɯ̀ tsʰɯráŋ pjɤ-rmí.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK couple INDEF IFR.IPFV-exist-DU LNK ___ DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called INDEF.POSS-son DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There was a couple, the wife was called Lhamo, and the man Tshering.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are only three groups of exceptions to word-final stress placement (for instance the unstressed suffix \forme{-ndʑi} in \ref{ex:clitics.words}), as seen in the previous section (§\ref{sec:stress}). Given its predictability, stress is not noted in the transcription employed in this grammar, except on stress-attracting prefixes.
+A: word: tɤ-rʑáβ	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-wife
+B: word: tsʰɯráŋ	 gloss: ANTHR
+C: word: tɤ-rʑaβ	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-wife
+D: word: tɤ-nmaʁ	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-husband
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕè ʁzɤmí cì pjɤ-tú-ndʑi tɕè tɤ-rʑáβ nɯ̀ ___ pjɤ-rmí. tɤ-tɕɯ́ nɯ̀ tsʰɯráŋ pjɤ-rmí.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK couple INDEF IFR.IPFV-exist-DU LNK INDEF.POSS-wife DEM ___ IPFV.IPFV-be.called INDEF.POSS-son DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There was a couple, the wife was called Lhamo, and the man Tshering.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are only three groups of exceptions to word-final stress placement (for instance the unstressed suffix \forme{-ndʑi} in \ref{ex:clitics.words}), as seen in the previous section (§\ref{sec:stress}). Given its predictability, stress is not noted in the transcription employed in this grammar, except on stress-attracting prefixes.
+A: word: ɬamu	 gloss: ANTHR
+B: word: pjɤ-tú-ndʑi	 gloss: IFR.IPFV-exist-DU
+C: word: ɬamú	 gloss: ANTHR
+D: word: qrormbɯ	 gloss: anthill
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕè ʁzɤmí cì pjɤ-tú-ndʑi tɕè tɤ-rʑáβ nɯ̀ ɬamú pjɤ-rmí. ___ nɯ̀ tsʰɯráŋ pjɤ-rmí.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK couple INDEF IFR.IPFV-exist-DU LNK INDEF.POSS-wife DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called ___ DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There was a couple, the wife was called Lhamo, and the man Tshering.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are only three groups of exceptions to word-final stress placement (for instance the unstressed suffix \forme{-ndʑi} in \ref{ex:clitics.words}), as seen in the previous section (§\ref{sec:stress}). Given its predictability, stress is not noted in the transcription employed in this grammar, except on stress-attracting prefixes.
+A: word: tɤ-tɕɯ́	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-son
+B: word: tsʰɯráŋ	 gloss: ANTHR
+C: word: tɤ-tɕɯ	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-son
+D: word: tɤ-rɟit	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-child
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕè ʁzɤmí cì pjɤ-tú-ndʑi tɕè tɤ-rʑáβ nɯ̀ ɬamú pjɤ-rmí. tɤ-tɕɯ́ nɯ̀ ___ pjɤ-rmí.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK couple INDEF IFR.IPFV-exist-DU LNK INDEF.POSS-wife DEM ANTHR IPFV.IPFV-be.called INDEF.POSS-son DEM ___ IPFV.IPFV-be.called
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There was a couple, the wife was called Lhamo, and the man Tshering.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are only three groups of exceptions to word-final stress placement (for instance the unstressed suffix \forme{-ndʑi} in \ref{ex:clitics.words}), as seen in the previous section (§\ref{sec:stress}). Given its predictability, stress is not noted in the transcription employed in this grammar, except on stress-attracting prefixes.
+A: word: qrormbɯ	 gloss: anthill
+B: word: tsʰɯráŋ	 gloss: ANTHR
+C: word: tɤ-rʑáβ	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-wife
+D: word: tsʰɯraŋ	 gloss: ANTHR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+

shuffled_multiple/Japhug/min_knowledge_points_3-01_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕe tɯ-ji ɯ-χcɤl tu-kɯ-ŋke mɤ-kʰɯ ma tɤ-rɤku tu tɕe tɕe, nɯ ɣɯ [tu-sɤ-ŋke] ___ ɯ-tʂu <zhuanmen> ɯ-rkoz ɲɯ́-wɣ-βzu ŋgrɤl tɕe ɯnɯnɯ tʂu nɯ ftɕɤru tu-kɯ-ti ŋu
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK INDEF.POSS-field 3SG.POSS-middle IPFV-GENR:S/O-walk NEG-be.possible:FACT LNK INDEF.POSS-crops exist:FACT LNK LNK DEM GEN IPFV-OBL:PCP-walk ___ 3SG.POSS-path specially 3SG.POSS-special IPFV-INV-make be.usually.the.case:FACT LNK DEM path DEM summer.path IPFV-GENR-say be:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`One cannot walk in the middle of the fields, because there are crops. To walk into it, one specially makes a path, and that path is call `summer path'.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The noun \japhug{ftɕɤru}{path in the middle of the fields} is a compound of \japhug{ftɕar}{summer} and \japhug{tʂu}{road} (such paths are made during summer to allow workers to work in the field without damaging the crops, see a definition in \ref{ex:tusANke.Wspa} in §\ref{sec:instrumental.participle.relatives}). The first element \forme{ftɕɤ-} is the bound state of \forme{ftɕar} (with loss of final consonant) and the form \forme{-ru} for the second member of the compound is a clue that \forme{tʂu} comes from earlier \forme{*t-ro} with a dental stop+\ipa{r} cluster changing to a retroflex affricate (see §\ref{sec:Cr.clusters} and §\ref{sec:teens}) -- the \forme{*t-} element being prefixal (perhaps a fossilized indefinite possessor prefix).
+A: word: ɯ-rdoʁ	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-grain
+B: word: ɯ-kɯ-spa	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-SBJ:PCP-be.able
+C: word: kɯmɤlɤxso	 gloss: in.vain
+D: word: ɯ-spa	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-material
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): nɯʑora ___ ɲɯ-tɯ-ɕti-nɯ ma tɯ-nɤma-nɯ maŋe!
+Gloss (with missing item): 2PL ___ SENS-2-be.AFF LNK 2-work:FACT-PL not.exist:SENS
+The English translation of this sentence is:`You are useless, you don't do any work.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The noun \japhug{the morpheme ___}{useless}, `superfluous', combines the subject participle of \japhug{me}{not exist} with the property noun \japhug{ɯ-xso}{empty, normal} (a lexicalized participle, whose uses and etymology are described in §\ref{sec:property.nouns}). It can be used as predicate with a copula (\ref{ex:kWmAlAxso}), but often occurs in adverbial use meaning `in vain', `for nothing' or `doing nothing' as in (\ref{ex:kWmAlAxso.kutWrAZindZi}).
+A: word: ɯ-mɤlɤjaʁ	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-limb
+B: word: tɤ-mbɣom	 gloss: IMP-be.in.a.hurry
+C: word: ɯ-spa	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-material
+D: word: kɯmɤlɤxso	 gloss: in.vain
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ndʑi-<zuoye> pɯ-βzu-ndʑi ra ma ___ ku-tɯ-rɤʑi-ndʑi mɤ-jɤɣ
+Gloss (with missing item): 2DU.POSS-homework IMP-make-DU be.needed:FACT LNK ___ IPFV-2-stay-DU NEG-be.allowed:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Do your homework, don't stay there doing nothing.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The noun \japhug{the morpheme ___}{useless}, `superfluous', combines the subject participle of \japhug{me}{not exist} with the property noun \japhug{ɯ-xso}{empty, normal} (a lexicalized participle, whose uses and etymology are described in §\ref{sec:property.nouns}). It can be used as predicate with a copula (\ref{ex:kWmAlAxso}), but often occurs in adverbial use meaning `in vain', `for nothing' or `doing nothing' as in (\ref{ex:kWmAlAxso.kutWrAZindZi}).
+A: word: ɯ-mɤlɤjaʁ	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-limb
+B: word: tɤ-mbɣom	 gloss: IMP-be.in.a.hurry
+C: word: kɯmɤlɤxso	 gloss: in.vain
+D: word: ɯ-spa	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-material
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+

shuffled_multiple/Japhug/min_knowledge_points_3-02_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɯ-zda pjɯ́-wɣ-z-ɣɤtɕa, ___ ntsɯ pjɯ-kɯ-ʑɣɤ-ɣɤŋgi tɕe, pɯ-kɯ-nɯ-ɣɤtɕa kɯ́nɤ pjɯ-kɯ-ʑɣɤ-ɣɤŋgi tɕe, ɯ-mbrɤzɯ kɯ-tu me tu-kɯ-ti ɲɯ-ŋu.
+Gloss (with missing item): GENR.POSS-companion IPFV-INV-CAUS-be.wrong ___ always IPFV-GENR:S/O-REFL-be.right LNK AOR-GENR:S/O-AUTO-be.wrong also IPFV-GENR:S/O-REFL-be.right LNK 3SG.POSS-result SBJ:PCP-have not.exist:FACT IPFV-GENR-say SENS-be
+The English translation of this sentence is:`If one considers that one's companion is wrong, and always considers himself to be right even if one is wrong, there is can be no good result.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Japhug, sentences have at most one generic human referent (§\ref{sec:indef.genr.poss}). If this referent is core argument, the verb has generic indexation (\forme{kɯ-} for intransitive subject and object and \forme{wɣ-} for transitive subject, as in the following example, §\ref{sec:indexation.generic.tr}). The generic argument can be realized as the generic pronoun \forme{the morpheme ___} as in (\ref{ex:pjWkWZGAGANgi}) or by a generic noun (such as \japhug{tɯrme}{person}, §\ref{sec:tWrme.generic}).
+A: word: ɯʑora	 gloss: 3PL
+B: word: tɯʑo	 gloss: oneself
+C: word: stɯsti	 gloss: alone
+D: word: kɯki	 gloss: DEM.PROX
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɯ-zda pjɯ́-wɣ-z-ɣɤtɕa, ___ ntsɯ pjɯ-kɯ-ʑɣɤ-ɣɤŋgi tɕe, pɯ-kɯ-nɯ-ɣɤtɕa kɯ́nɤ pjɯ-kɯ-ʑɣɤ-ɣɤŋgi tɕe, ɯ-mbrɤzɯ kɯ-tu me tu-kɯ-ti ɲɯ-ŋu.
+Gloss (with missing item): GENR.POSS-companion IPFV-INV-CAUS-be.wrong ___ always IPFV-GENR:S/O-REFL-be.right LNK AOR-GENR:S/O-AUTO-be.wrong also IPFV-GENR:S/O-REFL-be.right LNK 3SG.POSS-result SBJ:PCP-have not.exist:FACT IPFV-GENR-say SENS-be
+The English translation of this sentence is:`If one considers that one's companion is wrong, and always considers himself to be right even if one is wrong, there is can be no good result.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As examples (\ref{ex:pjWkWZGAGANgi}) to (\ref{ex:tWZo.tWCki}) illustrate, generic agreement between pronoun, possessive prefix and verb indexation is very systematic. Examples of \textsc{1pl} indexation with generic pronouns or vice-versa are, however, attested (§\ref{sec:partitive.indexation}).
+A: word: tɯʑo	 gloss: oneself
+B: word: ɯʑora	 gloss: 3PL
+C: word: stɯsti	 gloss: alone
+D: word: nɯnɯ	 gloss: DEM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tʂʰa kɤ-nɯ-ta tɤ-ra, smi kɤ-βlɯ tɤ-ra pɯ-nɯ-ŋu, tʰamaka sko-nɯ pɯ-nɯ-ŋu, tɕe ___ kɯ smi tu-sɯ-tɕɤt-nɯ.
+Gloss (with missing item): tea INF-AUTO-put AOR-be.needed fire AOR-burn AOR-be.needed PST.IPFV-AUTO-be tobacco smoke:FACT-PL PST.IPFV-AUTO-be LNK ___ ERG fire IPFV-CAUS-take.out-PL
+The English translation of this sentence is:`When they need to boil tea, to make a fire or smoke tobacco, people light up the fire with it.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The distal demonstratives \forme{nɯ} and \forme{the morpheme ___} serve as anaphoric pronouns with any type of referent, including humans, but also abstract concepts, inanimate objects or plants as in (\ref{ex:nWnW.kW.smi}), though as mentioned in §\ref{sec:pers.pronouns}, third person pronouns such as \japhug{ɯʑo}{he} can also have inanimate antecedents.
+A: word: nɯnɯ	 gloss: DEM
+B: word: nɯnɯra	 gloss: DEM:PL
+C: word: nɯtɕu	 gloss: DEM:LOC
+D: word: nɯra	 gloss: DEM:PL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mɯ\redp{}mɤ-pɯ-jɤɣ tɕe mɤ-ɣi-tɕi ma ___ nɯ fstɯn-tɕi ra ma tɕi-βɣe ɯ-ku tʰɯ-kɯ-ɣɤrndi
+Gloss (with missing item): COND\redp{}NEG-PST.IPFV-be.acceptable LNK NEG-come:FACT-1DU LNK ___ DEM serve:FACT-1DU be.needed:FACT LNK 1DU.POSS-orphan 3SG.POSS-head AOR-SBJ:PCP-support
+The English translation of this sentence is:`If it is not possible [to take the old man with us] we will not come, as we have to serve him, he is the one who adopted us orphans when we were in dire straits.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When a third person mentioned in a discussion is present, the pronoun \japhug{ɯʑo}{he} is not the optimal way of referring to him/her, and a proximal demonstrative, in particular the reduplicated \japhug{the morpheme ___}{this}, is used instead. It can occur to present someone to someone else (\ref{ex:kWki.aslama}) (note that a similar usage exists in Western languages such as English in the same context) and even to talk about the actions of this person, as in (\ref{ex:kWki.kW.taBzu}) and (\ref{ex:kWki.nW.ftsWntCi}).
+A: word: ɯ-tɯ-nɤmbju	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-NMLZ:DEG-be.shiny
+B: word: nɯtɕu	 gloss: DEM:LOC
+C: word: `kɯki	 gloss: DEM.PROX
+D: word: kɯki	 gloss: DEM:PROX
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mɯ\redp{}mɤ-pɯ-jɤɣ tɕe mɤ-ɣi-tɕi ma kɯki ___ fstɯn-tɕi ra ma tɕi-βɣe ɯ-ku tʰɯ-kɯ-ɣɤrndi
+Gloss (with missing item): COND\redp{}NEG-PST.IPFV-be.acceptable LNK NEG-come:FACT-1DU LNK DEM:PROX ___ serve:FACT-1DU be.needed:FACT LNK 1DU.POSS-orphan 3SG.POSS-head AOR-SBJ:PCP-support
+The English translation of this sentence is:`If it is not possible [to take the old man with us] we will not come, as we have to serve him, he is the one who adopted us orphans when we were in dire straits.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When a third person mentioned in a discussion is present, the pronoun \japhug{ɯʑo}{he} is not the optimal way of referring to him/her, and a proximal demonstrative, in particular the reduplicated \japhug{kɯki}{this}, is used instead. It can occur to present someone to someone else (\ref{ex:kWki.aslama}) (note that a similar usage exists in Western languages such as English in the same context) and even to talk about the actions of this person, as in (\ref{ex:kWki.kW.taBzu}) and (\ref{ex:kWki.nW.ftsWntCi}).
+A: word: ɯ-mɤ-nɯ-mɯnmu	 gloss: QU-NEG-AOR-move
+B: word: nɯ	 gloss: DEM
+C: word: nɯra	 gloss: DEM:PL
+D: word: kɯki	 gloss: DEM.PROX
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mɯ\redp{}mɤ-pɯ-jɤɣ tɕe mɤ-ɣi-tɕi ma ___ nɯ fstɯn-tɕi ra ma tɕi-βɣe ɯ-ku tʰɯ-kɯ-ɣɤrndi
+Gloss (with missing item): COND\redp{}NEG-PST.IPFV-be.acceptable LNK NEG-come:FACT-1DU LNK ___ DEM serve:FACT-1DU be.needed:FACT LNK 1DU.POSS-orphan 3SG.POSS-head AOR-SBJ:PCP-support
+The English translation of this sentence is:`If it is not possible [to take the old man with us] we will not come, as we have to serve him, he is the one who adopted us orphans when we were in dire straits.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As other pronouns (see §\ref{sec:pers.pronouns}), demonstrative pronouns can take the demonstrative determiner \forme{nɯ}, as in (\ref{ex:kWki.nW.ftsWntCi}).
+A: word: lo-nɯ-kʰɤ-rŋgɯ	 gloss: AOR-DENOM-house-lie.down
+B: word: tɯʑo	 gloss: GENR
+C: word: kɯki	 gloss: DEM:PROX
+D: word: `kɯki	 gloss: DEM.PROX
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mɯ\redp{}mɤ-pɯ-jɤɣ tɕe mɤ-ɣi-tɕi ma kɯki ___ fstɯn-tɕi ra ma tɕi-βɣe ɯ-ku tʰɯ-kɯ-ɣɤrndi
+Gloss (with missing item): COND\redp{}NEG-PST.IPFV-be.acceptable LNK NEG-come:FACT-1DU LNK DEM:PROX ___ serve:FACT-1DU be.needed:FACT LNK 1DU.POSS-orphan 3SG.POSS-head AOR-SBJ:PCP-support
+The English translation of this sentence is:`If it is not possible [to take the old man with us] we will not come, as we have to serve him, he is the one who adopted us orphans when we were in dire straits.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As other pronouns (see §\ref{sec:pers.pronouns}), demonstrative pronouns can take the demonstrative determiner \forme{the morpheme ___}, as in (\ref{ex:kWki.nW.ftsWntCi}).
+A: word: ɯ-mɤ-nɯ-mɯnmu	 gloss: QU-NEG-AOR-move
+B: word: nɯra	 gloss: DEM:PL
+C: word: nɯ	 gloss: DEM
+D: word: nɯtɕu	 gloss: DEM:LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕe nɯ tɯ-ci ɣɯ ɯ-taʁ nɯnɯtɕu, ___ ɲɤ-χtɤr, iɕqʰa <yujinxiang> kɤ-ti mɯntoʁ nɯ ɣɯ ɯ-jwaʁ nɯ ɲɤ-χtɤr.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK DEM INDEF.POSS-water GEN 3SG-on DEM:LOC ___ IFR-spread the.aforementionned tulip OBJ:PCP-say flower DEM GEN 3SG.POSS-leaf DEM IFR-spread
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She spilled on the water... she spilled the petals of the flower called ``tulip''.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition to its function as a medial demonstrative (§\ref{sec:medial.dem.pro}), the demonstrative \forme{the morpheme ___} also occurs to express cataphoric reference. It occurs especially when the speaker hesitates and uses it as a filler, followed by a clause with the same verb (examples \ref{ex:nAki.YWNu} and \ref{ex:nAki.YAXtAr}) or just with the same auxiliary (\ref{ex:nAki.Nu.Ci}).
+A: word: mɯ-ja-sɯ-ɤzɣɯt	 gloss: NEG-AOR:3SG\fl{}3-CAUS-arrive
+B: word: tɯʑo	 gloss: GENR
+C: word: nɤki	 gloss: DEM:CATAPH
+D: word: nɤkinɯ	 gloss: filler
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kʰopi kɯ ɴqiazwɤr ci ɲɯ-mɯm rca ɲɯ-saχaʁ ʑo tɕe ___ tu-stu-nɯ ɲɯ-ŋu ɲɯ-ti, ɲɯ-pʰɯt-nɯ qʰe kɯ-zri... ki jamar ʑo kɯ-zri ɲɯ-pʰɯt-nɯ qʰe nɤki, ɯ-ku ɯ-mtɯ kɯ-fse nɯtɕu kú-wɣ-ndo qʰe tɕe ɯ-pa nɯ, ɯ-jwaʁ nɯ cʰɯ-χɕoʁ-nɯ ɲɯ-ŋu...
+Gloss (with missing item): ANTHR ERG bitter.wormwood INDEF SENS-be.tasty UNEXPECT SENS-be.extremely EMPH LNK ___ IPFV-do.like-PL SENS-be SENS-say IPFV-take.out-PL LNK SBJ:PCP-be.long DEM:PROX about EMPH SBJ:PCP-be.long IPFV-take.out-PL LNK DEM:CATAPH 3SG.POSS-head 3SG.POSS-crest SBJ:PCP-be.like DEM:LOC IPFV-INV-take LNK LNK 3SG.POSS-under DEM 3SG.POSS-leaf DEM IPFV:DOWNSTREAM-take.out-PL SENS-be
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Kebei says that bitter wormwood is very tasty, and that they prepare it in the following way: they pluck (wormwoods) that are this big, take it by something that looks like a crest on the top, and prune away the leaves under it... (continued by several paragraphs)'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: It is also used when the speaker alerts the addressee that a long description follows as in (\ref{ex:nAki.tustunW}), as in English `(he said) the following'. Given the fact the Japhug is strictly verb-final and has pre-verbal complements (§\ref{sec:basic.word.order}), this is a strategy employed to avoid relegating the main verb to the end of the description.
+A: word: kɯki	 gloss: DEM.PROX
+B: word: nɤki	 gloss: DEM:CATAPH
+C: word: nɤkinɯ	 gloss: filler
+D: word: kupa-skɤt	 gloss: Chinese-language
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): <qidian> tɕe tɤ-mŋɤm ta-ʑa a-pɯ-ŋu tɕe, tɕe nɯnɯ tɯ-sŋi nɯ tu-mŋɤm, tɯ-rʑaʁ nɯ tu-mŋɤm tɕe, ɯ-fso <qidian> mɤɕtʂa nɯ mɯ́j-ʑi tɕe ___ tɕe kɯ-xtɕɯ\redp{}xtɕi tɯ-ʑi ɲɯ-ʑe ɲɯ-ŋu tɕe
+Gloss (with missing item): seven.o'clock LNK AOR-hurt AOR:3\flobv{}-start IRR-IPFV-be LNK LNK DEM one-day DEM IPFV-hurt one-night DEM IPFV-hurt LNK 3SG.POSS-tomorrow seven.o'clock until DEM NEG:SENS-subside LNK ___ LNK SBJ:PCP-EMPH\redp{}be.small INF-subside IPFV-start[III] SENS-be LNK
+The English translation of this sentence is:`(For instance), if [the headache] starts at seven o'clock, it hurts for one day and one night, and subsides only in the next day at seven, at that time it starts to subside a little.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from its locative uses, \forme{the morpheme ___} can express a temporal meaning `at that time' as in (\ref{ex:nWtCu.temporal}) and (\ref{ex:nWtCu.temporal2}).
+A: word: nɯnɯtɕu	 gloss: DEM:LOC
+B: word: kɯre	 gloss: DEM:PROX:LOC
+C: word: nɯtɕu	 gloss: DEM:LOC
+D: word: kɯki	 gloss: DEM.PROX
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+

shuffled_multiple/Japhug/min_knowledge_points_3-04_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕendɤre tɤɕime nɯ kɯ, ___ nɯ ma ɯ-kɤpa pjɤ-me qʰe `jɤɣ jɤɣ jɤɣ' to-ti ɲɯ-ŋu.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK young.lady DEM ERG ___ DEM apart.from 3SG.POSS-method IPFV.IFR-not.exist LNK be.possible:FACT be.possible:FACT be.possible:FACT IFR-say SENS-be
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The young lady had no other way but to say ``yes, yes, yes".'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{ex:long.erg2}), for instance, the clause \forme{nɯ ma ɯ-kɤpa pjɤ-me qʰe} `she had no other way' separates the subject \forme{tɤɕime nɯ kɯ} `the princess' from the main verb \forme{to-ti} `she said'; note the presence of a pause and of the filler \forme{the morpheme ___} after the transitive subject. The transitive subject here also happens to be coreferent with the possessor of \forme{ɯ-kɤpa} `her method, her way' in the standing clause, resulting in a surface case mismatch.
+A: word: nɤkinɯ	 gloss: FILLER
+B: word: qʰe	 gloss: LNK
+C: word: kɯ-ɣɤndʐo	 gloss: SBJ:PCP-be.cold
+D: word: (nɤkinɯ)	 gloss: FILLER
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕendɤre tɤɕime nɯ kɯ, nɤkinɯ, ___ ma ɯ-kɤpa pjɤ-me qʰe `jɤɣ jɤɣ jɤɣ' to-ti ɲɯ-ŋu.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK young.lady DEM ERG FILLER ___ apart.from 3SG.POSS-method IPFV.IFR-not.exist LNK be.possible:FACT be.possible:FACT be.possible:FACT IFR-say SENS-be
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The young lady had no other way but to say ``yes, yes, yes".'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{ex:long.erg2}), for instance, the clause \forme{the morpheme ___ ma ɯ-kɤpa pjɤ-me qʰe} `she had no other way' separates the subject \forme{tɤɕime the morpheme ___ kɯ} `the princess' from the main verb \forme{to-ti} `she said'; note the presence of a pause and of the filler \forme{nɤkithe morpheme ___} after the transitive subject. The transitive subject here also happens to be coreferent with the possessor of \forme{ɯ-kɤpa} `her method, her way' in the standing clause, resulting in a surface case mismatch.
+A: word: nɯra	 gloss: DEM:PL
+B: word: nɯ	 gloss: DEM
+C: word: ɯ-mɤ-nɯ-mɯnmu	 gloss: QU-NEG-AOR-move
+D: word: qʰe	 gloss: LNK
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕendɤre tɤɕime nɯ kɯ, nɤkinɯ, nɯ ___ ɯ-kɤpa pjɤ-me qʰe `jɤɣ jɤɣ jɤɣ' to-ti ɲɯ-ŋu.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK young.lady DEM ERG FILLER DEM ___ 3SG.POSS-method IPFV.IFR-not.exist LNK be.possible:FACT be.possible:FACT be.possible:FACT IFR-say SENS-be
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The young lady had no other way but to say ``yes, yes, yes".'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{ex:long.erg2}), for instance, the clause \forme{nɯ the morpheme ___ ɯ-kɤpa pjɤ-me qʰe} `she had no other way' separates the subject \forme{tɤɕime nɯ kɯ} `the princess' from the the morpheme ___in verb \forme{to-ti} `she said'; note the presence of a pause and of the filler \forme{nɤkinɯ} after the transitive subject. The transitive subject here also happens to be coreferent with the possessor of \forme{ɯ-kɤpa} `her method, her way' in the standing clause, resulting in a surface case misthe morpheme ___tch.
+A: word: tɕe	 gloss: LNK
+B: word: ɯʑoz	 gloss: apart
+C: word: ma	 gloss: apart.from
+D: word: maʁ-a	 gloss: not.be:FACT-1SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕendɤre tɤɕime nɯ kɯ, nɤkinɯ, nɯ ma ___ pjɤ-me qʰe `jɤɣ jɤɣ jɤɣ' to-ti ɲɯ-ŋu.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK young.lady DEM ERG FILLER DEM apart.from ___ IPFV.IFR-not.exist LNK be.possible:FACT be.possible:FACT be.possible:FACT IFR-say SENS-be
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The young lady had no other way but to say ``yes, yes, yes".'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{ex:long.erg2}), for instance, the clause \forme{nɯ ma the morpheme ___ pjɤ-me qʰe} `she had no other way' separates the subject \forme{tɤɕime nɯ kɯ} `the princess' from the main verb \forme{to-ti} `she said'; note the presence of a pause and of the filler \forme{nɤkinɯ} after the transitive subject. The transitive subject here also happens to be coreferent with the possessor of \forme{the morpheme ___} `her method, her way' in the standing clause, resulting in a surface case mismatch.
+A: word: pɯ-a<nnɯ>ri	 gloss: AOR-<AUTO>go[II]
+B: word: a-kɤpa	 gloss: 1SG.POSS-method
+C: word: ɯ-kɤpa	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-method
+D: word: tɕe	 gloss: LNK
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕendɤre tɤɕime nɯ kɯ, nɤkinɯ, nɯ ma ɯ-kɤpa ___ qʰe `jɤɣ jɤɣ jɤɣ' to-ti ɲɯ-ŋu.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK young.lady DEM ERG FILLER DEM apart.from 3SG.POSS-method ___ LNK be.possible:FACT be.possible:FACT be.possible:FACT IFR-say SENS-be
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The young lady had no other way but to say ``yes, yes, yes".'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{ex:long.erg2}), for instance, the clause \forme{nɯ ma ɯ-kɤpa the morpheme ___ qʰe} `she had no other way' separates the subject \forme{tɤɕime nɯ kɯ} `the princess' from the main verb \forme{to-ti} `she said'; note the presence of a pause and of the filler \forme{nɤkinɯ} after the transitive subject. The transitive subject here also happens to be coreferent with the possessor of \forme{ɯ-kɤpa} `her method, her way' in the standing clause, resulting in a surface case mismatch.
+A: word: ɯ-kɤpa	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-method
+B: word: pjɤ-tu	 gloss: IFR.IPFV-exist
+C: word: pjɤ-me	 gloss: IPFV.IFR-not.exist
+D: word: pjɤ-me-nɯ	 gloss: IFR.IPFV-not.exist-PL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕendɤre tɤɕime nɯ kɯ, nɤkinɯ, nɯ ma ɯ-kɤpa pjɤ-me ___ `jɤɣ jɤɣ jɤɣ' to-ti ɲɯ-ŋu.
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK young.lady DEM ERG FILLER DEM apart.from 3SG.POSS-method IPFV.IFR-not.exist ___ be.possible:FACT be.possible:FACT be.possible:FACT IFR-say SENS-be
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The young lady had no other way but to say ``yes, yes, yes".'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{ex:long.erg2}), for instance, the clause \forme{nɯ ma ɯ-kɤpa pjɤ-me the morpheme ___} `she had no other way' separates the subject \forme{tɤɕime nɯ kɯ} `the princess' from the main verb \forme{to-ti} `she said'; note the presence of a pause and of the filler \forme{nɤkinɯ} after the transitive subject. The transitive subject here also happens to be coreferent with the possessor of \forme{ɯ-kɤpa} `her method, her way' in the standing clause, resulting in a surface case mismatch.
+A: word: nɤkinɯ	 gloss: filler
+B: word: tu-qʰe-a	 gloss: IPFV-hate[III]-1SG
+C: word: qʰe	 gloss: LNK
+D: word: saɕɯ	 gloss: larch
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): iɕqʰa rgɤtpu nɯ kɯ, ___ tɕe, nɤki, ɬɤndʐi nɯnɯ jo-tsʰi
+Gloss (with missing item): the.aforementioned old.man DEM ERG ___ LNK FILLER demon DEM IFR-block
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The old man came and stopped the demon.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Similarly in (\ref{ex:long.erg3}), the minimal clause \forme{the morpheme ___} `he came' consisting of a single verb occurs between the subject \forme{iɕqʰa rgɤtpu nɯ kɯ} `the old man' and the rest of the main clause \forme{ɬɤndʐi nɯnɯ jo-tsʰi} `he stopped the demon'.
+A: word: ɲɤ-kʰo	 gloss: IFR-give
+B: word: mɯ-jo-ɣi-nɯ	 gloss: NEG-IFR-come-PL
+C: word: jo-ɣi	 gloss: IFR-come
+D: word: qʰe	 gloss: LNK
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): iɕqʰa rgɤtpu nɯ kɯ, jo-ɣi ___ nɤki, ɬɤndʐi nɯnɯ jo-tsʰi
+Gloss (with missing item): the.aforementioned old.man DEM ERG IFR-come ___ FILLER demon DEM IFR-block
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The old man came and stopped the demon.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Similarly in (\ref{ex:long.erg3}), the minimal clause \forme{jo-ɣi} `he came' consisting of a single verb occurs between the subject \forme{iɕqʰa rgɤtpu nɯ kɯ} `the old man' and the rest of the main clause \forme{ɬɤndʐi nɯnɯ jo-tsʰi} `he stopped the demon'.
+A: word: nɤkinɯ	 gloss: filler
+B: word: tɕe	 gloss: LNK
+C: word: tɕendɤre	 gloss: LNK
+D: word: saɕɯ	 gloss: larch
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): iɕqʰa rgɤtpu nɯ kɯ, jo-ɣi tɕe, ___ ɬɤndʐi nɯnɯ jo-tsʰi
+Gloss (with missing item): the.aforementioned old.man DEM ERG IFR-come LNK ___ demon DEM IFR-block
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The old man came and stopped the demon.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Similarly in (\ref{ex:long.erg3}), the minimal clause \forme{jo-ɣi} `he came' consisting of a single verb occurs between the subject \forme{iɕqʰa rgɤtpu nɯ kɯ} `the old man' and the rest of the main clause \forme{ɬɤndʐi nɯnɯ jo-tsʰi} `he stopped the demon'.
+A: word: nɤki	 gloss: FILLER
+B: word: nɤkinɯ	 gloss: filler
+C: word: ɯ-rgɤm	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-box
+D: word: ɯ-kɤpa	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-method
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): iɕqʰa rgɤtpu nɯ kɯ, ___ tɕe, nɤki, ɬɤndʐi nɯnɯ jo-tsʰi
+Gloss (with missing item): the.aforementioned old.man DEM ERG ___ LNK FILLER demon DEM IFR-block
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The old man came and stopped the demon.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Here the intransitive subject of \forme{the morpheme ___} `he came' and the transitive subject of \forme{jo-tsʰi} `he blocked him' happen to be coreferent. If analyzed superficially, (\ref{ex:long.erg3}) could seem to be an example of ergative appearing on an intransitive subject. In isolation, however, without context, a clause such as \dagger\forme{rgɤtpu nɯ kɯ the morpheme ___} is not considered to be correct by native speakers, showing that it is preferable to analyze \forme{the morpheme ___} as an incision in this context rather than forming a constituent with the preceding postpositional phrase in \forme{kɯ}.
+A: word: ɯ-kɤpa	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-method
+B: word: ɲɤ-kʰo	 gloss: IFR-give
+C: word: jo-ɣi	 gloss: IFR-come
+D: word: mɯ-jo-ɣi-nɯ	 gloss: NEG-IFR-come-PL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): iɕqʰa rgɤtpu nɯ kɯ, jo-ɣi ___ nɤki, ɬɤndʐi nɯnɯ jo-tsʰi
+Gloss (with missing item): the.aforementioned old.man DEM ERG IFR-come ___ FILLER demon DEM IFR-block
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The old man came and stopped the demon.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Here the intransitive subject of \forme{jo-ɣi} `he came' and the transitive subject of \forme{jo-tsʰi} `he blocked him' happen to be coreferent. If analyzed superficially, (\ref{ex:long.erg3}) could seem to be an example of ergative appearing on an intransitive subject. In isolation, however, without context, a clause such as \dagger\forme{rgɤtpu nɯ kɯ jo-ɣi} is not considered to be correct by native speakers, showing that it is preferable to analyze \forme{jo-ɣi} as an incision in this context rather than forming a constituent with the preceding postpositional phrase in \forme{kɯ}.
+A: word: tɕendɤre	 gloss: LNK
+B: word: saɕɯ	 gloss: larch
+C: word: tɕe	 gloss: LNK
+D: word: jo-ɣi	 gloss: IFR-come
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): iɕqʰa rgɤtpu nɯ kɯ, jo-ɣi tɕe, ___ ɬɤndʐi nɯnɯ jo-tsʰi
+Gloss (with missing item): the.aforementioned old.man DEM ERG IFR-come LNK ___ demon DEM IFR-block
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The old man came and stopped the demon.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Here the intransitive subject of \forme{jo-ɣi} `he came' and the transitive subject of \forme{jo-tsʰi} `he blocked him' happen to be coreferent. If analyzed superficially, (\ref{ex:long.erg3}) could seem to be an example of ergative appearing on an intransitive subject. In isolation, however, without context, a clause such as \dagger\forme{rgɤtpu nɯ kɯ jo-ɣi} is not considered to be correct by native speakers, showing that it is preferable to analyze \forme{jo-ɣi} as an incision in this context rather than forming a constituent with the preceding postpositional phrase in \forme{kɯ}.
+A: word: a-mgɯr	 gloss: 1SG.POSS-back
+B: word: nɤki	 gloss: FILLER
+C: word: nɤkinɯ	 gloss: filler
+D: word: jo-ɣi	 gloss: IFR-come
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+

shuffled_multiple/Japhug/min_knowledge_points_3-05_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): `razri ___ ci ɲɯ-ra, taqaβ ci ɲɯ-ra' to-ti qʰe
+Gloss (with missing item): thread ___ INDEF SENS-need needle INDEF SENS-need IFR-say LNK
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He told [Rgyabza] `I need a ball of thread and a needle.''
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example (\ref{ex:iCqha.aforementioned}) illustrates the most typical use of this marker. Sentence (\ref{ex:kAtWm}) introduces a new referent, \japhug{the morpheme ___}{its gloss ___ of thread} marked with the indefinite determiner \forme{ci} (§\ref{sec:indef.article}). Three clauses later in (\ref{ex:iCqha.kAtWm}), the same referent occurs again as an overt noun with two topic markers, the postnominal nɯ and the prenominal iɕqʰa.
+A: word: kɤtɯpa-ndʑi	 gloss: say:FACT-DU
+B: word: salaboŋboŋ	 gloss: puffball
+C: word: kɤtɯm	 gloss: ball
+D: word: iɕqʰa	 gloss: the.aforementioned
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): `razri kɤtɯm ___ ɲɯ-ra, taqaβ ci ɲɯ-ra' to-ti qʰe
+Gloss (with missing item): thread ball ___ SENS-need needle INDEF SENS-need IFR-say LNK
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He told [Rgyabza] `I need a ball of thread and a needle.''
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example (\ref{ex:iCqha.aforementioned}) illustrates the most typical use of this marker. Sentence (\ref{ex:kAtWm}) introduces a new referent, \japhug{kɤtɯm}{ball of thread} marked with the indefinite determiner \forme{the morpheme ___} (§\ref{sec:indef.article}). Three clauses later in (\ref{ex:iCqha.kAtWm}), the same referent occurs again as an overt noun with two topic markers, the postnominal nɯ and the prenominal iɕqʰa.
+A: word: ci	 gloss: INDEF
+B: word: iɕqʰa	 gloss: the.aforementioned
+C: word: cinɤ	 gloss: even
+D: word: scʰiz	 gloss: INDEF.LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ kɤtɯm nɯ ɯʑo kɯ ko-ndo,
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ ball DEM 3SG ERG IFR-take
+The English translation of this sentence is:`he took the ball of thread, and...'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example (\ref{ex:iCqha.aforementioned}) illustrates the most typical use of this marker. Sentence (\ref{ex:kAtWm}) introduces a new referent, \japhug{kɤtɯm}{ball of thread} marked with the indefinite determiner \forme{ci} (§\ref{sec:indef.article}). Three clauses later in (\ref{ex:iCqha.kAtWm}), the same referent occurs again as an overt noun with two topic markers, the postnominal nɯ and the prenominal the morpheme ___.
+A: word: iɕqʰa	 gloss: the.aforementioned
+B: word: kɤndʑi-sqʰaj	 gloss: COLL-sister
+C: word: kɯnɤ	 gloss: also
+D: word: kɤtɯm	 gloss: ball
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): iɕqʰa ___ nɯ ɯʑo kɯ ko-ndo,
+Gloss (with missing item): the.aforementioned ___ DEM 3SG ERG IFR-take
+The English translation of this sentence is:`he took the ball of thread, and...'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example (\ref{ex:iCqha.aforementioned}) illustrates the most typical use of this marker. Sentence (\ref{ex:kAtWm}) introduces a new referent, \japhug{the morpheme ___}{its gloss ___ of thread} marked with the indefinite determiner \forme{ci} (§\ref{sec:indef.article}). Three clauses later in (\ref{ex:iCqha.kAtWm}), the same referent occurs again as an overt noun with two topic markers, the postnominal nɯ and the prenominal iɕqʰa.
+A: word: salaboŋboŋ	 gloss: puffball
+B: word: pɣa	 gloss: bird
+C: word: kɤtɯm	 gloss: ball
+D: word: kɤtɯpa-ndʑi	 gloss: say:FACT-DU
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): iɕqʰa kɤtɯm ___ ɯʑo kɯ ko-ndo,
+Gloss (with missing item): the.aforementioned ball ___ 3SG ERG IFR-take
+The English translation of this sentence is:`he took the ball of thread, and...'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example (\ref{ex:iCqha.aforementioned}) illustrates the most typical use of this marker. Sentence (\ref{ex:kAtWm}) introduces a new referent, \japhug{kɤtɯm}{ball of thread} marked with the indefinite determiner \forme{ci} (§\ref{sec:indef.article}). Three clauses later in (\ref{ex:iCqha.kAtWm}), the same referent occurs again as an overt noun with two topic markers, the postnominal the morpheme ___ and the prenominal iɕqʰa.
+A: word: nɯ	 gloss: DEM
+B: word: iɕqʰa	 gloss: the.aforementioned
+C: word: ɯ-mɤ-nɯ-mɯnmu	 gloss: QU-NEG-AOR-move
+D: word: nɯra	 gloss: DEM:PL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ kɤtɯm nɯ ɯʑo kɯ ko-ndo,
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ ball DEM 3SG ERG IFR-take
+The English translation of this sentence is:`he took the ball of thread, and...'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The use of \forme{the morpheme ___} as a topic marker with nouns (as in \ref{ex:iCqha.kAtWm} above) probably took place by reanalysis of the adverb in headless or postnominal relatives, or in complement clauses as above, then generalized to all noun phrases even those without a subordinate clause.
+A: word: kɯnɤ	 gloss: also
+B: word: kɤndʑi-sqʰaj	 gloss: COLL-sister
+C: word: pɣa	 gloss: bird
+D: word: iɕqʰa	 gloss: the.aforementioned
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): iɕqʰa ___ nɯ ɯʑo kɯ ko-ndo,
+Gloss (with missing item): the.aforementioned ___ DEM 3SG ERG IFR-take
+The English translation of this sentence is:`he took the ball of thread, and...'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The use of \forme{iɕqʰa} as a topic marker with nouns (as in \ref{ex:iCqha.kAtWm} above) probably took place by reanalysis of the adverb in headless or postnominal relatives, or in complement clauses as above, then generalized to all noun phrases even those without a subordinate clause.
+A: word: kɤtɯm	 gloss: ball
+B: word: iɕqʰa	 gloss: the.aforementioned
+C: word: kɤtɯpa-ndʑi	 gloss: say:FACT-DU
+D: word: salaboŋboŋ	 gloss: puffball
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): iɕqʰa kɤtɯm ___ ɯʑo kɯ ko-ndo,
+Gloss (with missing item): the.aforementioned ball ___ 3SG ERG IFR-take
+The English translation of this sentence is:`he took the ball of thread, and...'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The use of \forme{iɕqʰa} as a topic marker with nouns (as in \ref{ex:iCqha.kAtWm} above) probably took place by reanalysis of the adverb in headless or postnominal relatives, or in complement clauses as above, then generalized to all noun phrases even those without a subordinate clause.
+A: word: nɯra	 gloss: DEM:PL
+B: word: iɕqʰa	 gloss: the.aforementioned
+C: word: nɯ	 gloss: DEM
+D: word: ɯ-mɤ-nɯ-mɯnmu	 gloss: QU-NEG-AOR-move
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): βʑar ndɤre ŋɤn ma [ɯʑo sɤznɤ ___ kɯ-xtɕi] nɯra ʁɟa ʑo tu-ndze ɲɯ-ŋu tɕe,
+Gloss (with missing item): buzzard LNK be.evil:FACT LNK 3SG COMP ___ SBJ:PCP-be.small DEM:PL completely EMPH IPFV-eat[III] SENS-be LNK
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The buzzard is fierce, its eats all the birds that are smaller than itself.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The presence of an adjunct, such as a standard marker, can disambiguate between postnominal and head-internal relatives (§\ref{comparee.relativization}); in (\ref{ex:WZo.sAznA.pGa.kWxtCi}) for instance, the head \japhug{the morpheme ___}{its gloss ___} is clearly internal.
+A: word: kɤtɯm	 gloss: ball
+B: word: ja-pɣaʁ	 gloss: AOR:3\flobv{}-cross
+C: word: jaʁmɤzdoʁzdoʁ	 gloss: bird.sp.
+D: word: pɣa	 gloss: bird
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+

shuffled_multiple/Japhug/min_knowledge_points_3-06_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ʑo tɤ-ndzur
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ EMPH AOR-stand
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He stood up suddenly, and [appeared to be] very tall.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Pattern I, which consists of the bare ideophonic root, is combined with predicates in the Aorist or Inferential to express an action occurring suddenly, as in (\ref{ex:ideo1}). The form \forme{the morpheme ___} means that the action of the sentence resulted in the main referent becoming taller than its surrounding.
+A: word: zjaŋ	 gloss: IDPH(I):tall
+B: word: zjaŋzjaŋ	 gloss: IDPH(II):tall
+C: word: zjaŋnɤlaŋ	 gloss: IDPH(IV):tall
+D: word: mɤlɤzjaŋ	 gloss: IDPH(VI):tall
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mbro ɯ-taʁ to-ɕe tɕe ___ jɤ-ari-ndʑi
+Gloss (with missing item): horse 3SG-on IFR:UP-go LNK ___ AOR-go[II]-DU
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He mounted the horse, and they went there, very tall.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Pattern III is formed by reduplicating the ideophonic root with the additive marker \forme{nɤ} (§\ref{sec:additive.nA}) inserted in between. It depicts a rhythmic action or a constant motion as in (\ref{ex:ideo3}), depending on the semantics of the root.
+A: word: mɤlɤzjaŋ	 gloss: IDPH(VI):tall
+B: word: zjaŋzjaŋ	 gloss: IDPH(II):tall
+C: word: zjaŋnɤlaŋ	 gloss: IDPH(IV):tall
+D: word: zjaŋnɤzjaŋ	 gloss: IDPH(III):tall
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): a-ɣe ___ ʑo tʰɯ-aβzu
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.POSS-grandson ___ EMPH AOR-become
+The English translation of this sentence is:`My grandson has become very tall.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Pattern VI, with the root prefixed by \forme{mɤlɤ\trt}, describes a state like pattern II, but differs from it in that it expresses a higher degree. In addition, it can be used to express the result of a change of state with the verb \japhug{aβzu}{become, grow} as in (\ref{ex:ideo6}). It is the rarest of all ideophonic patterns, not attested in the Japhug text corpus.
+A: word: zjaŋnɤzjaŋ	 gloss: IDPH(III):tall
+B: word: zjaŋɯŋi	 gloss: IDPH(VII):tall
+C: word: mɤlɤzjaŋ	 gloss: IDPH(VI):tall
+D: word: nɯnɯ	 gloss: DEM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma nɯnɯ ɕawurambɯm tu-ti-nɯ tɕe nɯnɯ, nɤkinɯ, [[tɯ-rdoʁ ʑo ___ ma] kɯ-me ɲɯ-ŋu kʰi
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK DEM Shwa.ba.rwa.mbum IPFV-say-PL LNK DEM FILLER one-piece EMPH ___ apart.from SBJ:PCP-not.exist SENS-be HEARSAY
+The English translation of this sentence is:`People call it `Shwaba rwa'bum', it is [a kind of deer antler] with only one [branch], short and thick.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples (\ref{ex:zJAGzJAG.ma}) and (\ref{ex:ndzArndzAr.ma}) are incontrovertible evidence that ideophones can serve as noun modifier: in (\ref{ex:zJAGzJAG.ma}) is embedded within an exceptive (§\ref{sec:exceptive}) postpositional phrase which does not contain any verb, and must be analyzed as modifier of the counted noun \forme{tɯ-rdoʁ} `one piece'.
+A: word: zjaŋnɤzjaŋ	 gloss: IDPH(III):tall
+B: word: ɲɯɣɲɯɣ	 gloss: IDPH(II):soft
+C: word: rɟɤɣi	 gloss: tsampa
+D: word: zɟɤɣzɟɤɣ	 gloss: IDPH(II):short.and.thick
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma nɯnɯ ɕawurambɯm tu-ti-nɯ tɕe nɯnɯ, nɤkinɯ, [[tɯ-rdoʁ ʑo ___ ma] kɯ-me ɲɯ-ŋu kʰi
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK DEM Shwa.ba.rwa.mbum IPFV-say-PL LNK DEM FILLER one-piece EMPH ___ apart.from SBJ:PCP-not.exist SENS-be HEARSAY
+The English translation of this sentence is:`People call it `Shwaba rwa'bum', it is [a kind of deer antler] with only one [branch], short and thick.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples (\ref{ex:zJAGzJAG.ma}) and (\ref{ex:ndzArndzAr.ma}) are incontrovertible evidence that ideophones can serve as noun modifier: in (\ref{ex:zJAGzJAG.ma}) is embedded within an exceptive (§\ref{sec:exceptive}) postpositional phrase which does not contain any verb, and must be analyzed as modifier of the counted noun \forme{tɯ-rdoʁ} `one piece'.
+A: word: zɟɤɣzɟɤɣ	 gloss: IDPH(II):short.and.thick
+B: word: rɟɤɣi	 gloss: tsampa
+C: word: zjaŋ	 gloss: IDPH(I):tall
+D: word: ɲɯɣɲɯɣ	 gloss: IDPH(II):soft
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): nɯra tɤ-stu-t-a tɕe, sɯŋgɯnaχtɕɯn ___ ʑo nɯ-stu-t-a, ɯ-taʁ, pɣa ɲcɣɤnɤɲcɣɤt ʑo ɲɯ-mbri tɕe
+Gloss (with missing item): DEM:PL AOR-do.like-PST:TR-1SG LNK deep.forest ___ EMPH AOR-do.like-PST:TR-1SG 3SG-on birds IDPH(III):loud EMPH SENS-call LNK
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I acted this way, I created a huge and deep forest on the top of whose trees birds are tweeting and chirping and flying around.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ideophones convey rich and intricate meanings in a succinct way. In traditional stories, their use contributes to the vividness of the description. For instance, in (\ref{ex:ndArndAr}), the choice of the pattern II \forme{the morpheme ___} `huge and imposing' and the pattern III \forme{ɲcɣɤnɤɲcɣɤt} `loud and moving around' evokes a much more expressive picture than the translation provided here in plain language. Native speakers, upon hearing such a sentence, visualize the vivid picture of huge lush trees and flocks of birds flying around, tweeting and chirping.
+A: word: cʰa	 gloss: alcohol
+B: word: ndɤre	 gloss: ADVERS
+C: word: ndɤrndɤr	 gloss: IDPH(II):huge
+D: word: zjaŋzjaŋ	 gloss: IDPH(II):tall
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): nɯra tɤ-stu-t-a tɕe, sɯŋgɯnaχtɕɯn ndɤrndɤr ʑo nɯ-stu-t-a, ɯ-taʁ, pɣa ___ ʑo ɲɯ-mbri tɕe
+Gloss (with missing item): DEM:PL AOR-do.like-PST:TR-1SG LNK deep.forest IDPH(II):huge EMPH AOR-do.like-PST:TR-1SG 3SG-on birds ___ EMPH SENS-call LNK
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I acted this way, I created a huge and deep forest on the top of whose trees birds are tweeting and chirping and flying around.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ideophones convey rich and intricate meanings in a succinct way. In traditional stories, their use contributes to the vividness of the description. For instance, in (\ref{ex:ndArndAr}), the choice of the pattern II \forme{ndɤrndɤr} `huge and imposing' and the pattern III \forme{the morpheme ___} `loud and moving around' evokes a much more expressive picture than the translation provided here in plain language. Native speakers, upon hearing such a sentence, visualize the vivid picture of huge lush trees and flocks of birds flying around, tweeting and chirping.
+A: word: ɲcɣɤnɤɲcɣɤt	 gloss: IDPH(III):loud
+B: word: cʰɤ-nɯ-sɤɲcɣɤɲcɣɤt-nɯ	 gloss: IFR-AUTO-cause.to.be.prosperous-PL
+C: word: `ʂɯt'	 gloss: IDPH.I:sound
+D: word: cʰa	 gloss: alcohol
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): pɣɤkʰɯ nɯ kɯ qaɲi kɤ-sat wuma ʑo ___ kʰi.
+Gloss (with missing item): owl DEM ERG mole INF-kill really EMPH ___ SFP
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The owl is very good at killing moles, it is said.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the immense majority of examples, \forme{kʰi} occurs with verbs in the Inferential (\ref{ex:mWpjAcha.khi}) or Sensory (\ref{ex:YWNu.khi} and \ref{ex:YWNu.khi.ma}) (§\ref{sec:ifr}, §\ref{sec:sensory}). However, this not a morphosyntactic constraint, and \forme{kʰi} can in principle be combined with verbs in other TAME categories, such as the Factual (§\ref{sec:factual}) in (\ref{ex:cha.khi}) (\forme{the morpheme ___} rather than the Sensory \forme{ɲɯ-the morpheme ___}), confirming Tournadre and LaPolla's (\citeyear{tournadre14evidentiality}) insight of the necessity of distinguishing source and access to information when describing evidential systems.
+A: word: mɯ́j-cʰa-a	 gloss: NEG:SENS-can-1SG
+B: word: nɯnɯ	 gloss: DEM
+C: word: χsɤ-rʑaʁ	 gloss: three-night
+D: word: cʰa	 gloss: can:FACT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): <chunjie> ___ kɯ ja-nɯ-tsɯm ŋu tʰaŋ
+Gloss (with missing item): ANTHR ___ ERG AOR:3\flobv{}-VERT-take.away be:FACT SFP
+The English translation of this sentence is:`It is probably him who took away Chunjie.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other TAME categories are also compatible with \forme{tʰaŋ}, including the Past Imperfective (\ref{ex:pWsaXaR.thaN}) and the Aorist (examples \ref{ex:WmAjazGWt.gloss} in §\ref{sec:peg.circumfix} and \ref{ex:OSV.janWtsWm} in §\ref{sec:monotransitive.word.order}).
+A: word: nɯnɯra	 gloss: DEM:PL
+B: word: nɯnɯ	 gloss: DEM
+C: word: nɯra	 gloss: DEM:PL
+D: word: zjaŋnɤzjaŋ	 gloss: IDPH(III):tall
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): <chunjie> nɯnɯ ___ ja-nɯ-tsɯm ŋu tʰaŋ
+Gloss (with missing item): ANTHR DEM ___ AOR:3\flobv{}-VERT-take.away be:FACT SFP
+The English translation of this sentence is:`It is probably him who took away Chunjie.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other TAME categories are also compatible with \forme{tʰaŋ}, including the Past Imperfective (\ref{ex:pWsaXaR.thaN}) and the Aorist (examples \ref{ex:WmAjazGWt.gloss} in §\ref{sec:peg.circumfix} and \ref{ex:OSV.janWtsWm} in §\ref{sec:monotransitive.word.order}).
+A: word: a-tɤ-kɯ-nɯlaʁrdaβ-a	 gloss: IRR-PFV-2\fl{}1-hit.with.forelegs-1SG
+B: word: kɯ	 gloss: ERG
+C: word: qʰoʁqʰoʁ	 gloss: ingot
+D: word: ndɤrndɤr	 gloss: IDPH(II):huge
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+

shuffled_multiple/Japhug/min_knowledge_points_4-01b_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ [pɯ\redp{}pɯ-kɯ-mto]] kɯ ɲɯ-nɤ-mpɕɤr-nɯ tɕe ``ɲɯ-pe" tu-ti-nɯ pjɤ-ŋu
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ TOTAL\redp{}AOR-SBJ:PCP-see ERG SENS-TROP-be.beautiful-PL LNK SENS-be.good IPFV-say-PL IFR.IPFV-be
+The English translation of this sentence is:`All the people who saw it found it beautiful and said it was nice.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Totalitative reduplication of transitive subject participle is only possible if no possessive prefix is present (see \ref{ex:tWrme.pWpWkWmto}, §\ref{sec:totalitative.relatives}).
+A: word: tɯrme	 gloss: person
+B: word: tu-mŋɤm	 gloss: IPFV-be.painful
+C: word: ɯ-tʰoʁ	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-earth
+D: word: a-tɯrme	 gloss: 1SG.POSS-man
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+

shuffled_multiple/Japhug/min_knowledge_points_4-07_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕe kumpɣɤtɕɯ nɯnɯ pɣɤtɕɯ nɯ-rca, kɯ-xtɕi ci zdoʁzdoʁ ___ tɕe, ɯʑo xtɕi ri wuma ʑo ɕqraʁ tɕe ɯ-mɲaʁ ɯ-rkɯ nɯnɯ ra kɯ-ɲaʁ kɯ tú-wɣ-fskɤr, nɯ ɯ-taʁ ri, hanɯni, kɯ-xtɕɯ\redp{}xtɕi kɯ-ɣɯrni kɯ-fse tu, ɯ-xtɤpa nɯ ra, ɯ-rqopa pjɯ-ʑe tɕe, nɯ ra, ɯ-jme mɯ-tʰɯ-nɯ-ɬoʁ mɤɕtʂa nɯ wɣrum
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK sparrow DEM bird 3PL-among SBJ:PCP-be.small INDEF IDEO:STAT:small.and.cute ___ LNK 3SG be.small:FACT but really EMPH be.smart:FACT LNK 3SG:POSS-eye 3SG:POSS-border DEM PL SBJ:PCP-be.black ERG IPFV-INV-surround DEM 3SG-on LOC a.little SBJ:PCP-EMPH\redp{}be.small SBJ:PCP-be.red SBJ:PCP-be.like exist:FACT 3SG:POSS-belly DEM PL 3SG:POSS-throat IPFV-begin[III] LNK DEM PL 3SG:POSS-tail NEG-AOR-AUTO-come.out until DEM be.white:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Among the birds, the sparrow is tiny and cute. Although it is small it is very smart. Its eyes are surrounded by black [feathers], and above that there are some red [dots]. Its belly is white from the throat to the tail.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: First, in the case of stative verbs, the Factual occurs to describe facts considered to belong to everybody's common knowledge. Example (\ref{ex:kumpGAtCW}) illustrates five verb forms in the Factual in this use (highlighted in bold), including copulas and adjectives.
+A: word: wɣrum	 gloss: be.white:FACT
+B: word: ɯmɤ-ŋu	 gloss: PROB-be:FACT
+C: word: pjɯ-kɯ-ɣi	 gloss: IPFV:DOWN-SBJ:PCP-come
+D: word: ŋu	 gloss: \textbf{be}:FACT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕe kumpɣɤtɕɯ nɯnɯ pɣɤtɕɯ nɯ-rca, kɯ-xtɕi ci zdoʁzdoʁ ŋu tɕe, ɯʑo ___ ri wuma ʑo ɕqraʁ tɕe ɯ-mɲaʁ ɯ-rkɯ nɯnɯ ra kɯ-ɲaʁ kɯ tú-wɣ-fskɤr, nɯ ɯ-taʁ ri, hanɯni, kɯ-xtɕɯ\redp{}xtɕi kɯ-ɣɯrni kɯ-fse tu, ɯ-xtɤpa nɯ ra, ɯ-rqopa pjɯ-ʑe tɕe, nɯ ra, ɯ-jme mɯ-tʰɯ-nɯ-ɬoʁ mɤɕtʂa nɯ wɣrum
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK sparrow DEM bird 3PL-among SBJ:PCP-be.small INDEF IDEO:STAT:small.and.cute be:FACT LNK 3SG ___ but really EMPH be.smart:FACT LNK 3SG:POSS-eye 3SG:POSS-border DEM PL SBJ:PCP-be.black ERG IPFV-INV-surround DEM 3SG-on LOC a.little SBJ:PCP-EMPH\redp{}be.small SBJ:PCP-be.red SBJ:PCP-be.like exist:FACT 3SG:POSS-belly DEM PL 3SG:POSS-throat IPFV-begin[III] LNK DEM PL 3SG:POSS-tail NEG-AOR-AUTO-come.out until DEM be.white:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Among the birds, the sparrow is tiny and cute. Although it is small it is very smart. Its eyes are surrounded by black [feathers], and above that there are some red [dots]. Its belly is white from the throat to the tail.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: First, in the case of stative verbs, the Factual occurs to describe facts considered to belong to everybody's common knowledge. Example (\ref{ex:kumpGAtCW}) illustrates five verb forms in the Factual in this use (highlighted in bold), including copulas and adjectives.
+A: word: kɯ-xtɕi	 gloss: SBJ:PCP-be.small
+B: word: xtɕi	 gloss: \textbf{be.small}:FACT
+C: word: wɣrum	 gloss: be.white:FACT
+D: word: mɤ-fse	 gloss: NEG-be.like:FACT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕe kumpɣɤtɕɯ nɯnɯ pɣɤtɕɯ nɯ-rca, kɯ-xtɕi ci zdoʁzdoʁ ŋu tɕe, ɯʑo xtɕi ri wuma ʑo ___ tɕe ɯ-mɲaʁ ɯ-rkɯ nɯnɯ ra kɯ-ɲaʁ kɯ tú-wɣ-fskɤr, nɯ ɯ-taʁ ri, hanɯni, kɯ-xtɕɯ\redp{}xtɕi kɯ-ɣɯrni kɯ-fse tu, ɯ-xtɤpa nɯ ra, ɯ-rqopa pjɯ-ʑe tɕe, nɯ ra, ɯ-jme mɯ-tʰɯ-nɯ-ɬoʁ mɤɕtʂa nɯ wɣrum
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK sparrow DEM bird 3PL-among SBJ:PCP-be.small INDEF IDEO:STAT:small.and.cute be:FACT LNK 3SG be.small:FACT but really EMPH ___ LNK 3SG:POSS-eye 3SG:POSS-border DEM PL SBJ:PCP-be.black ERG IPFV-INV-surround DEM 3SG-on LOC a.little SBJ:PCP-EMPH\redp{}be.small SBJ:PCP-be.red SBJ:PCP-be.like exist:FACT 3SG:POSS-belly DEM PL 3SG:POSS-throat IPFV-begin[III] LNK DEM PL 3SG:POSS-tail NEG-AOR-AUTO-come.out until DEM be.white:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Among the birds, the sparrow is tiny and cute. Although it is small it is very smart. Its eyes are surrounded by black [feathers], and above that there are some red [dots]. Its belly is white from the throat to the tail.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: First, in the case of stative verbs, the Factual occurs to describe facts considered to belong to everybody's common knowledge. Example (\ref{ex:kumpGAtCW}) illustrates five verb forms in the Factual in this use (highlighted in bold), including copulas and adjectives.
+A: word: rɤt	 gloss: write:FACT
+B: word: ma-tɤ-kɯ-sɯ-ɕqraʁ-a	 gloss: NEG-IMP-2\fl{}1-CAUS-be.intelligent-1SG
+C: word: ɕqraʁ	 gloss: \textbf{be.smart}:FACT
+D: word: xtɕi	 gloss: be.small:FACT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕe kumpɣɤtɕɯ nɯnɯ pɣɤtɕɯ nɯ-rca, kɯ-xtɕi ci zdoʁzdoʁ ŋu tɕe, ɯʑo xtɕi ri wuma ʑo ɕqraʁ tɕe ɯ-mɲaʁ ɯ-rkɯ nɯnɯ ra kɯ-ɲaʁ kɯ tú-wɣ-fskɤr, nɯ ɯ-taʁ ri, hanɯni, kɯ-xtɕɯ\redp{}xtɕi kɯ-ɣɯrni kɯ-fse ___ ɯ-xtɤpa nɯ ra, ɯ-rqopa pjɯ-ʑe tɕe, nɯ ra, ɯ-jme mɯ-tʰɯ-nɯ-ɬoʁ mɤɕtʂa nɯ wɣrum
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK sparrow DEM bird 3PL-among SBJ:PCP-be.small INDEF IDEO:STAT:small.and.cute be:FACT LNK 3SG be.small:FACT but really EMPH be.smart:FACT LNK 3SG:POSS-eye 3SG:POSS-border DEM PL SBJ:PCP-be.black ERG IPFV-INV-surround DEM 3SG-on LOC a.little SBJ:PCP-EMPH\redp{}be.small SBJ:PCP-be.red SBJ:PCP-be.like ___ 3SG:POSS-belly DEM PL 3SG:POSS-throat IPFV-begin[III] LNK DEM PL 3SG:POSS-tail NEG-AOR-AUTO-come.out until DEM be.white:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Among the birds, the sparrow is tiny and cute. Although it is small it is very smart. Its eyes are surrounded by black [feathers], and above that there are some red [dots]. Its belly is white from the throat to the tail.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: First, in the case of stative verbs, the Facthe morpheme ___al occurs to describe facts considered to belong to everybody's common knowledge. Example (\ref{ex:kumpGAtCW}) illustrates five verb forms in the Facthe morpheme ___al in this use (highlighted in bold), including copulas and adjectives.
+A: word: tu-ndze	 gloss: IPFV-eat[III]
+B: word: tu	 gloss: \textbf{exist}:FACT
+C: word: ɯ-tsʰɯɣa	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-shape
+D: word: xtɕi	 gloss: be.small:FACT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕe kumpɣɤtɕɯ nɯnɯ pɣɤtɕɯ nɯ-rca, kɯ-xtɕi ci zdoʁzdoʁ ŋu tɕe, ɯʑo xtɕi ri wuma ʑo ɕqraʁ tɕe ɯ-mɲaʁ ɯ-rkɯ nɯnɯ ra kɯ-ɲaʁ kɯ tú-wɣ-fskɤr, nɯ ɯ-taʁ ri, hanɯni, kɯ-xtɕɯ\redp{}xtɕi kɯ-ɣɯrni kɯ-fse tu, ɯ-xtɤpa nɯ ra, ɯ-rqopa pjɯ-ʑe tɕe, nɯ ra, ɯ-jme mɯ-tʰɯ-nɯ-ɬoʁ mɤɕtʂa nɯ ___
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK sparrow DEM bird 3PL-among SBJ:PCP-be.small INDEF IDEO:STAT:small.and.cute be:FACT LNK 3SG be.small:FACT but really EMPH be.smart:FACT LNK 3SG:POSS-eye 3SG:POSS-border DEM PL SBJ:PCP-be.black ERG IPFV-INV-surround DEM 3SG-on LOC a.little SBJ:PCP-EMPH\redp{}be.small SBJ:PCP-be.red SBJ:PCP-be.like exist:FACT 3SG:POSS-belly DEM PL 3SG:POSS-throat IPFV-begin[III] LNK DEM PL 3SG:POSS-tail NEG-AOR-AUTO-come.out until DEM ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Among the birds, the sparrow is tiny and cute. Although it is small it is very smart. Its eyes are surrounded by black [feathers], and above that there are some red [dots]. Its belly is white from the throat to the tail.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: First, in the case of stative verbs, the Factual occurs to describe facts considered to belong to everybody's common knowledge. Example (\ref{ex:kumpGAtCW}) illustrates five verb forms in the Factual in this use (highlighted in bold), including copulas and adjectives.
+A: word: cʰɯ-wɣrum	 gloss: IPFV-be.white
+B: word: kɤ-tɯ-spa-t	 gloss: AOR-2-be.able-PST:TR
+C: word: ɕqraʁ	 gloss: \textbf{be.smart}:FACT
+D: word: wɣrum	 gloss: \textbf{be.white}:FACT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+

shuffled_multiple/Japhug/min_knowledge_points_5-03_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [lɯlu kɯ ___ ʁnɯz ʑo ka-ndo] pɯ-mto-t-a
+Gloss (with missing item): cat ERG ___ two EMPH AOR:3\flobv{}-take AOR-see-PST:TR-1SG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I saw a cat catching two of them.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Discontinuous complement clauses are rare in Japhug. The only clear example in the corpus is (\ref{ex:lWlu.kW.aZo}). In this example, the \textsc{1sg} pronoun \forme{the morpheme ___} is the subject of the matrix clause, and has no syntactic role in the complement clause, but it appears between the transitive subject \forme{lɯlu kɯ} `the cat' and the object \japhug{ʁnɯz}{two} of the complement clause. Despite the rarity of this construction, this sentence was not considered to be unusual by \iai{Tshendzin} when listening again to the recording.
+A: word: pɣɤtɕɯ	 gloss: bird
+B: word: aʑo-sti	 gloss: 1SG-alone
+C: word: aʑo	 gloss: 1SG
+D: word: nɤʑo	 gloss: 2SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ɯ-zda nɯra, ___ kɯ-ɣɤwu], [kʰɯna kɯ-ɤndzɯt], [lɯlu kɯ-ɣɤwu] kɯ-fse, nɯra tu-nɯɕpɯz] ɲɯ-spe
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.POSS-companion DEM:PL ___ SBJ:PCP-cry dog SBJ:PCP-bark cat SBJ:PCP-cry INF:STAT-be.like DEM:PL IPFV-imitate SENS-be.able[III]
+The English translation of this sentence is:`It is able to imitate other animals, sing like a bird, bark like a dog, meow like a cat or call like a fox.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The status of the clauses with subject participles occurring with these verbs, though superficially similar to the purposive clause (§\ref{sec:purposive.clause.motion.verbs}), is, however, entirely distinct. These clauses are not specific constructions, but simply headless relative clauses in object or semi-object function. This is shown by the fact that the same verbs are also found with participial head-internal clauses as in (\ref{ex:pGatCW.kWGAwu.tunWCpWz}), where the three nouns \japhug{the morpheme ___}{its gloss ___}, \japhug{kʰɯna}{dog} and \japhug{lɯlu}{cat} are intransitive subjects of the participial clauses, and are not coreferent with the subject of their matrix verb \forme{tu-nɯɕpɯz}. This example can be literally translated as `it is able to imitate a singing its gloss ___, a barking dog and a meowing cat.' (see also §\ref{sec:relative.pretence}).
+A: word: jaʁmɤzdoʁzdoʁ	 gloss: bird.sp.
+B: word: pɣɤtɕɯ	 gloss: bird
+C: word: kumpɣɤtɕɯ	 gloss: sparrow
+D: word: lɯlu	 gloss: cat
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ɯ-zda nɯra, [[pɣɤtɕɯ kɯ-ɣɤwu], ___ kɯ-ɤndzɯt], [lɯlu kɯ-ɣɤwu] kɯ-fse, nɯra tu-nɯɕpɯz] ɲɯ-spe
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.POSS-companion DEM:PL bird SBJ:PCP-cry ___ SBJ:PCP-bark cat SBJ:PCP-cry INF:STAT-be.like DEM:PL IPFV-imitate SENS-be.able[III]
+The English translation of this sentence is:`It is able to imitate other animals, sing like a bird, bark like a dog, meow like a cat or call like a fox.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The status of the clauses with subject participles occurring with these verbs, though superficially similar to the purposive clause (§\ref{sec:purposive.clause.motion.verbs}), is, however, entirely distinct. These clauses are not specific constructions, but simply headless relative clauses in object or semi-object function. This is shown by the fact that the same verbs are also found with participial head-internal clauses as in (\ref{ex:pGatCW.kWGAwu.tunWCpWz}), where the three nouns \japhug{pɣɤtɕɯ}{bird}, \japhug{the morpheme ___}{its gloss ___} and \japhug{lɯlu}{cat} are intransitive subjects of the participial clauses, and are not coreferent with the subject of their matrix verb \forme{tu-nɯɕpɯz}. This example can be literally translated as `it is able to imitate a singing bird, a barking its gloss ___ and a meowing cat.' (see also §\ref{sec:relative.pretence}).
+A: word: fsapaʁ	 gloss: animal
+B: word: a-kʰɯna	 gloss: 1SG.POSS-dog
+C: word: nɤ-sɯm	 gloss: 2SG.POSS-mind
+D: word: kʰɯna	 gloss: dog
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ɯ-zda nɯra, [[pɣɤtɕɯ kɯ-ɣɤwu], [kʰɯna kɯ-ɤndzɯt], ___ kɯ-ɣɤwu] kɯ-fse, nɯra tu-nɯɕpɯz] ɲɯ-spe
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.POSS-companion DEM:PL bird SBJ:PCP-cry dog SBJ:PCP-bark ___ SBJ:PCP-cry INF:STAT-be.like DEM:PL IPFV-imitate SENS-be.able[III]
+The English translation of this sentence is:`It is able to imitate other animals, sing like a bird, bark like a dog, meow like a cat or call like a fox.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The status of the clauses with subject participles occurring with these verbs, though superficially similar to the purposive clause (§\ref{sec:purposive.clause.motion.verbs}), is, however, entirely distinct. These clauses are not specific constructions, but simply headless relative clauses in object or semi-object function. This is shown by the fact that the same verbs are also found with participial head-internal clauses as in (\ref{ex:pGatCW.kWGAwu.tunWCpWz}), where the three nouns \japhug{pɣɤtɕɯ}{bird}, \japhug{kʰɯna}{dog} and \japhug{the morpheme ___}{its gloss ___} are intransitive subjects of the participial clauses, and are not coreferent with the subject of their matrix verb \forme{tu-nɯɕpɯz}. This example can be literally translated as `it is able to imitate a singing bird, a barking dog and a meowing its gloss ___.' (see also §\ref{sec:relative.pretence}).
+A: word: lɯlu	 gloss: cat
+B: word: lɯlɤmu	 gloss: female.cat
+C: word: pjɤ-nɯkɯlu-nɯ	 gloss: IFR-be.lost-PL
+D: word: sŋaʁspa	 gloss: sorcerer
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): pjɯ-ru qʰe [tɕeki tɯ-ci ɯ-ŋgɯ ___ pɯ-kɯ-ntɕʰɤr] nɯ pjɤ-mto.
+Gloss (with missing item): IPFV:DOWN-look LNK down INDEF.POSS-water 3SG.POSS-in ___ AOR:DOWN-SBJ:PCP-appear DEM IFR-see
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He looked down, and saw his own reflection in the water below (himself reflected in the water).'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With intransitive verbs, the subject participle in \forme{kɯ-} is always found in the clauses occurring as the object of \forme{mto} and \forme{mtsʰɤm}, as in (\ref{ex:pWkWntChAr.pjAmto}). Such clauses are to be analyzed as participial relatives (§\ref{sec:relative.core.arg}).
+A: word: ɯʑora	 gloss: 3PL
+B: word: kowa	 gloss: manner
+C: word: ɯ-ngɯ	 gloss: 3SG-inside
+D: word: ɯʑo	 gloss: 3SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ɲɯ-sɤŋo tɕe [iɕqʰa ___ nɯ kɯ ``tɤtʂu ɣɯ-tɤ-sɤndu-nɯ" ɯ-kɯ-ti] nɯ pjɤ-mtsʰɤm tɕe
+Gloss (with missing item): IPFV-listen LNK the.aforementioned ___ DEM ERG lamp CISL-IMP-exchange-PL 3SG.POSS-SBJ:PCP-say DEM IFR-hear LNK
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She heard the sorcerer saying `Come and exchange [your] lamp'.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{ex:WkWti.pjAmtshAm}), \forme{mtsʰɤm} even takes as object a head-internal relative clause in \forme{kɯ-} (rather than \forme{kɤ-} as in \ref{ex:YWsAmtsWG.kAti} above), with the transitive subject as relativized element (§\ref{sec:tr.subject.relativization}).
+A: word: ftɕaka	 gloss: manner
+B: word: sŋaʁspa	 gloss: sorcerer
+C: word: tɯɟo	 gloss: demon
+D: word: tɯ-sŋaʁ	 gloss: NMLZ:ACTION-cast.spells
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ɲɯ-sɤŋo tɕe [iɕqʰa sŋaʁspa ___ kɯ ``tɤtʂu ɣɯ-tɤ-sɤndu-nɯ" ɯ-kɯ-ti] nɯ pjɤ-mtsʰɤm tɕe
+Gloss (with missing item): IPFV-listen LNK the.aforementioned sorcerer ___ ERG lamp CISL-IMP-exchange-PL 3SG.POSS-SBJ:PCP-say DEM IFR-hear LNK
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She heard the sorcerer saying `Come and exchange [your] lamp'.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{ex:WkWti.pjAmtshAm}), \forme{mtsʰɤm} even takes as object a head-internal relative clause in \forme{kɯ-} (rather than \forme{kɤ-} as in \ref{ex:YWsAmtsWG.kAti} above), with the transitive subject as relativized element (§\ref{sec:tr.subject.relativization}).
+A: word: nɯ	 gloss: DEM
+B: word: lɯlu	 gloss: cat
+C: word: nɯra	 gloss: DEM:PL
+D: word: ɯ-mɤ-nɯ-mɯnmu	 gloss: QU-NEG-AOR-move
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): a-<xuetang> ɯ-tɯ-mbro <kongzhi> tu-βze-a ŋu. [mɯ-tu-kɤ-mbro] ___ tu-βze-a ŋu.
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.POSS-blood.sugar 3SG.POSS-NMLZ:DEG-be.high control IPFV-do[III]-1SG be:FACT NEG-IPFV-INF-be.high ___ IPFV-do[III]-1SG be:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I control my blood sugar, I do what I can to prevent it from being too high'. (conversation, 15-12-05)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In examples (\ref{ex:kongzhi}) and (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}), the head noun \japhug{the morpheme ___}{method}, `its gloss ___' is neither a core argument nor an adjunct. It is not possible to convert the infinitive subordinate clauses \forme{mɯ-tu-kɤ-mbro} `not become too high' and \forme{qartsɤβ kɤ-kɤ-βzu ra kɤ-tɤβ} `thresh the (grains) that have been harvested' into independent sentences that would include \forme{the morpheme ___}. These clauses should therefore be analyzed as adnominal complement clauses, rather than a prenominal relatives.
+A: word: ftɕaka	 gloss: manner
+B: word: ɣɯ-ku-βze-a"	 gloss: CISL-IPFV-make[III]-1SG
+C: word: ɯ-ftɕaka	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-manner
+D: word: sŋaʁspa	 gloss: sorcerer
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [qartsɤβ kɤ-kɤ-βzu ra kɤ-tɤβ] ___ ɣɯ-βzu ra
+Gloss (with missing item): harvest AOR-OBJ:PCP-make PL INF-thresh ___ INV-make be.needed:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Then one has to prepare to thresh the [grains] that have been harvested.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In examples (\ref{ex:kongzhi}) and (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}), the head noun \japhug{the morpheme ___}{method}, `its gloss ___' is neither a core argument nor an adjunct. It is not possible to convert the infinitive subordinate clauses \forme{mɯ-tu-kɤ-mbro} `not become too high' and \forme{qartsɤβ kɤ-kɤ-βzu ra kɤ-tɤβ} `thresh the (grains) that have been harvested' into independent sentences that would include \forme{the morpheme ___}. These clauses should therefore be analyzed as adnominal complement clauses, rather than a prenominal relatives.
+A: word: ftɕaka	 gloss: manner
+B: word: ɕ-tú-wɣ-sɯ-rtoʁ	 gloss: TRAL-IPFV-INV-CAUS-look
+C: word: ɯ-ftɕaka	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-manner
+D: word: kʰɯna	 gloss: dog
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): a-<xuetang> ɯ-tɯ-mbro <kongzhi> tu-βze-a ŋu. [mɯ-tu-kɤ-mbro] ___ tu-βze-a ŋu.
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.POSS-blood.sugar 3SG.POSS-NMLZ:DEG-be.high control IPFV-do[III]-1SG be:FACT NEG-IPFV-INF-be.high ___ IPFV-do[III]-1SG be:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I control my blood sugar, I do what I can to prevent it from being too high'. (conversation, 15-12-05)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The construction exemplified by (\ref{ex:kongzhi}) and (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}) is a collocation combining the com\-ple\-ment-taking noun \forme{the morpheme ___} with the verb \japhug{βzu}{make}, meaning either `do by any means possible' (as in \ref{ex:kongzhi}) or `prepare to X' ( \ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}). In the latter meaning, the collocation is homonymous with the transitive denominal verb \japhug{nɯthe morpheme ___}{prepare} (§\ref{sec:denom.tr.nW}), which also selects velar infinitive complements, as shown by (\ref{ex:kAtAB.kuwGnWftCaka}), uttered just before (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}) in the same recording.
+A: word: sŋaʁspa	 gloss: sorcerer
+B: word: ɯ-ftɕaka	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-manner
+C: word: ftɕaka	 gloss: manner
+D: word: lu-χɤβ	 gloss: IPFV:UPSTREAM-suck
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [qartsɤβ kɤ-kɤ-βzu ra kɤ-tɤβ] ___ ɣɯ-βzu ra
+Gloss (with missing item): harvest AOR-OBJ:PCP-make PL INF-thresh ___ INV-make be.needed:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Then one has to prepare to thresh the [grains] that have been harvested.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The construction exemplified by (\ref{ex:kongzhi}) and (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}) is a collocation combining the com\-ple\-ment-taking noun \forme{the morpheme ___} with the verb \japhug{βzu}{make}, meaning either `do by any means possible' (as in \ref{ex:kongzhi}) or `prepare to X' ( \ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}). In the latter meaning, the collocation is homonymous with the transitive denominal verb \japhug{nɯthe morpheme ___}{prepare} (§\ref{sec:denom.tr.nW}), which also selects velar infinitive complements, as shown by (\ref{ex:kAtAB.kuwGnWftCaka}), uttered just before (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}) in the same recording.
+A: word: ftɕaka	 gloss: manner
+B: word: ɯ-ftɕaka	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-manner
+C: word: nɤ-sɯm	 gloss: 2SG.POSS-mind
+D: word: tɤŋe	 gloss: sun
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): a-<xuetang> ɯ-tɯ-mbro <kongzhi> tu-βze-a ŋu. [mɯ-tu-kɤ-mbro] ___ tu-βze-a ŋu.
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.POSS-blood.sugar 3SG.POSS-NMLZ:DEG-be.high control IPFV-do[III]-1SG be:FACT NEG-IPFV-INF-be.high ___ IPFV-do[III]-1SG be:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I control my blood sugar, I do what I can to prevent it from being too high'. (conversation, 15-12-05)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The construction exemplified by (\ref{ex:kongzhi}) and (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}) is a collocation combining the com\-ple\-ment-taking noun \forme{the morpheme ___} with the verb \japhug{βzu}{make}, meaning either `do by any means possible' (as in \ref{ex:kongzhi}) or `prepare to X' ( \ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}). In the latter meaning, the collocation is homonymous with the transitive denominal verb \japhug{nɯthe morpheme ___}{prepare} (§\ref{sec:denom.tr.nW}), which also selects velar infinitive complements, as shown by (\ref{ex:kAtAB.kuwGnWftCaka}), uttered just before (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}) in the same recording.
+A: word: ɯ-ftɕaka	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-manner
+B: word: aʑo	 gloss: 1SG
+C: word: ftɕaka	 gloss: manner
+D: word: kɯ-mɯm	 gloss: SBJ:PCP-be.tasty
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [qartsɤβ kɤ-kɤ-βzu ra kɤ-tɤβ] ___ ɣɯ-βzu ra
+Gloss (with missing item): harvest AOR-OBJ:PCP-make PL INF-thresh ___ INV-make be.needed:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Then one has to prepare to thresh the [grains] that have been harvested.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The construction exemplified by (\ref{ex:kongzhi}) and (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}) is a collocation combining the com\-ple\-ment-taking noun \forme{the morpheme ___} with the verb \japhug{βzu}{make}, meaning either `do by any means possible' (as in \ref{ex:kongzhi}) or `prepare to X' ( \ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}). In the latter meaning, the collocation is homonymous with the transitive denominal verb \japhug{nɯthe morpheme ___}{prepare} (§\ref{sec:denom.tr.nW}), which also selects velar infinitive complements, as shown by (\ref{ex:kAtAB.kuwGnWftCaka}), uttered just before (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}) in the same recording.
+A: word: ftɕaka	 gloss: manner
+B: word: aʑo	 gloss: 1SG
+C: word: a-nɯ-pʰɯt	 gloss: IRR-PFV-take.out
+D: word: ɯ-ftɕaka	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-manner
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [qartsɤβ kɤ-kɤ-βzu ra kɤ-tɤβ] ___ ɣɯ-βzu ra
+Gloss (with missing item): harvest AOR-OBJ:PCP-make PL INF-thresh ___ INV-make be.needed:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Then one has to prepare to thresh the [grains] that have been harvested.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The construction exemplified by (\ref{ex:kongzhi}) and (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}) is a collocation combining the com\-ple\-ment-taking noun \forme{the morpheme ___} with the verb \japhug{βzu}{make}, meaning either `do by any means possible' (as in \ref{ex:kongzhi}) or `prepare to X' ( \ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}). In the latter meaning, the collocation is homonymous with the transitive denominal verb \japhug{nɯthe morpheme ___}{prepare} (§\ref{sec:denom.tr.nW}), which also selects velar infinitive complements, as shown by (\ref{ex:kAtAB.kuwGnWftCaka}), uttered just before (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}) in the same recording.
+A: word: nɤ-sɯm	 gloss: 2SG.POSS-mind
+B: word: ftɕaka	 gloss: manner
+C: word: ɲɤ-kʰo	 gloss: IFR-give
+D: word: ɯ-ftɕaka	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-manner
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [qartsɤβ kɤ-kɤ-βzu ra kɤ-tɤβ] ___ ɣɯ-βzu ra
+Gloss (with missing item): harvest AOR-OBJ:PCP-make PL INF-thresh ___ INV-make be.needed:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Then one has to prepare to thresh the [grains] that have been harvested.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The infinitive complement \forme{kɤ-tɤβ} in (\ref{ex:kAtAB.kuwGnWftCaka}) is exactly parallel to the adnominal complement clause in (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}). This parallelism between com\-ple\-ment-taking noun and the com\-ple\-ment-taking denominal verb derived from it is not found in all the cases (§\ref{sec:complement.taking.noun.list}), but confirms the observation that the adnominal clause in (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}) is not a prenominal relative.
+A: word: ɯ-zgra	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-noise
+B: word: ɯ-ftɕaka	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-manner
+C: word: pjɤ-ɣi	 gloss: IFR:DOWN-come
+D: word: ftɕaka	 gloss: manner
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [qartsɤβ kɤ-kɤ-βzu ra kɤ-tɤβ] ___ ɣɯ-βzu ra
+Gloss (with missing item): harvest AOR-OBJ:PCP-make PL INF-thresh ___ INV-make be.needed:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Then one has to prepare to thresh the [grains] that have been harvested.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The infinitive complement \forme{kɤ-tɤβ} in (\ref{ex:kAtAB.kuwGnWftCaka}) is exactly parallel to the adnominal complement clause in (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}). This parallelism between com\-ple\-ment-taking noun and the com\-ple\-ment-taking denominal verb derived from it is not found in all the cases (§\ref{sec:complement.taking.noun.list}), but confirms the observation that the adnominal clause in (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}) is not a prenominal relative.
+A: word: cʰɯ-tɯ-nɯmbjɯm-nɯ	 gloss: IPFV-2-get.warm-PL
+B: word: ftɕaka	 gloss: manner
+C: word: ɯ-skɤt	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-language
+D: word: ɯ-ftɕaka	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-manner
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ji-wɯ kɯ ``a-mɤ-jɤ-tɯ-ɣi-nɯ'' ___ to-βzu ɕti
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.POSS-grandfather ERG IRR-NEG-PFV-2-come-PL ___ IFR-make be.AFF:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`(By these words) our father-in-law means that he does not want us to come back'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Two categories must be distinguished among these inalienably possessed nouns. First, some nouns such as \japhug{the morpheme ___}{language}, `sound' (§\ref{sec:nouns.speech.complement}) always take a \textsc{3sg} possessive prefix coreferent with the complement clause (treated as possessor of the noun), as in (\ref{ex:amAjAtWGinW.WskAt}).
+A: word: ɯ-skɤt	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-language
+B: word: pɣɤtɕɯ	 gloss: bird
+C: word: ji-skɤt	 gloss: 1PL.POSS-language
+D: word: kɯrɯ-skɤt	 gloss: Tibetan-language
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 17:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [nɯ-βdaʁmu nɯ tu-tɯ-ndɤm] ___ ɯ́-ɕe?
+Gloss (with missing item): 3PL.POSS-queen DEM IPFV-2-take[III] ___ QU-go:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Do you want to become their queen?'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other nouns like \japhug{ɯ-sɯm}{mind} (§\ref{sec:nouns.cognition.complement}) on the other hand select as possessor the experiencer, which may not be \textsc{3sg}, and the complement clause is not syntactically a possessor. For instance, in (\ref{ex:tutWndAm.nAsWm.WCe}) the possessor of \forme{-sɯm} is \textsc{2sg}, not \textsc{3sg} as would be expected if the finite clause \forme{nɯ-βdaʁmu nɯ tu-tɯ-ndɤm} were the possessor of this noun.
+A: word: tɯ-sɯm	 gloss: GENR.POSS-mind
+B: word: lɯlu	 gloss: cat
+C: word: nɤ-sɯm	 gloss: 2SG.POSS-mind
+D: word: a-sɯm	 gloss: 1SG.POSS-mind
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 18:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): a-rɟit ra nɯ-ɣi-nɯ ɕti tɕetʰa, [kɤ-ndza] ___ tɯ́-wɣ-βzu ɕti tɕe ku-ta-sɯ-ɤnbaʁ ŋu
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.POSS-offspring PL VERT-come:FACT-PL be.AFF:FACT soon INF-eat ___ 2-INV-make:FACT be.AFF:FACT LNK IPFV-1\fl{}2-CAUS-hide be:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`My children are coming back home soon, and they will try to eat you, let me hide you.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The alienably possessed nouns \japhug{ftɕaka}{method}, `its gloss ___' (§\ref{sec:compl.taking.nouns.denominal}) and \japhug{the morpheme ___}{its gloss ___},\footnote{These nouns are both translated into Chinese as \ch{办法}{bànfǎ}{method}, `means', `its gloss ___'.} both borrowed from Tibetan (from \tibet{བཅའ་ཀ}{btɕa.ka}{implement} and \tibet{བཀོད་པ}{bkod.pa}{arrangement}, `method', respectively), occur in collocation with the verb \japhug{βzu}{make} (§\ref{sec:Bzu.lv}) in the meanings `try to X by any means' (in Chinese \ch{想尽办法}{xiǎng jìn bànfǎ}{try to do by any means}) or `prepare'. They can select an infinitive clause with raising of the person indexation on the main verb, as shown by the 3\fl{}\textsc{2sg} form \forme{tɯ́-wɣ-��zu} `they will X you' in (\ref{ex:kAndza.the morpheme ___.tuwGBzu}).
+A: word: ɯ-ftɕaka	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-manner
+B: word: kowa	 gloss: manner
+C: word: ɯ-skɤt	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-language
+D: word: ɯ-tɯ-rko	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-NMLZ:DEG-be.hard
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 19:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [ɲɯ-nɯqambɯmbjom] ___ nɯ ``vɯrwɯrwɯr'' tu-ti ŋgrɤl.
+Gloss (with missing item): IPFV-fly ___ DEM ONOM IPFV-say be.usually.the.case:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The sound it makes when it flies is `vrvr'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The inalienably possessed nouns related to speech and noise \japhug{ɯ-ti}{way of saying}, `wording', `expression', \japhug{ɯ-fɕɤt}{story}, \japhug{ɯ-skɤt}{language}, `sound', \japhug{tɤ-zgra}{sound}, `noise' and \japhug{tɯ-tɕʰa}{information, news} (about someone) (§\ref{sec:biactantial.ipn}), and the alienably possessed \japhug{kʰɤcɤl}{discussion} can occur with finite complement clauses (\ref{ex:WfCAt.tu}, \ref{ex:YWnWqambWmbjom.Wzgra}) (see also \ref{ex:rCWB4.pjWlAt}, §\ref{sec:ideo.X}) or reported speech complements (\ref{ex:ra.WskAt.ra.toBzu}).
+A: word: ɯ-zgra	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-noise
+B: word: ɲɯ-kɯ-ɤsɯ-zgroʁ-a	 gloss: SENS-2\fl{}1-PROG-attach-1SG
+C: word: aʑo	 gloss: 1SG
+D: word: ɯ-raŋ	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-during
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 20:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [ɲɯ-nɯqambɯmbjom] ___ nɯ ``vɯrwɯrwɯr'' tu-ti ŋgrɤl.
+Gloss (with missing item): IPFV-fly ___ DEM ONOM IPFV-say be.usually.the.case:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The sound it makes when it flies is `vrvr'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As shown by (\ref{ex:WfCAt.tu}) and (\ref{ex:YWnWqambWmbjom.Wzgra}), \japhug{ɯ-fɕɤt}{story} and \japhug{tɤ-zgra}{sound} can take complements even without a noun-verb collocation.
+A: word: ɲɯ-kɯ-ɤsɯ-zgroʁ-a	 gloss: SENS-2\fl{}1-PROG-attach-1SG
+B: word: kowa	 gloss: manner
+C: word: ɯ-zgra	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-noise
+D: word: ɯ-raŋ	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-during
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 21:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ji-wɯ kɯ ``a-mɤ-jɤ-tɯ-ɣi-nɯ'' ___ to-βzu ɕti
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.POSS-grandfather ERG IRR-NEG-PFV-2-come-PL ___ IFR-make be.AFF:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`(By these words) our father-in-law means that he does not want us to come back'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The noun \japhug{the morpheme ___}{language}, `sound' mainly takes complements when occurring with \japhug{βzu}{make} (§\ref{sec:Bzu.lv}) or \japhug{stu}{do like}. The collocation with this verbs means `do/say something that means X' as in (\ref{ex:ra.WskAt.ra.toBzu})\footnote{The poignant anecdote in (\ref{ex:ra.WskAt.ra.toBzu}) shows that the collocations \forme{the morpheme ___+βzu} and \forme{the morpheme ___+stu} are used even when the expression is not linguistic but based on gesture and facial expression. The hunter did not have the heart to shoot the monkey mother (see example \ref{ex:mWpjAcha.khi} in §\ref{sec:fsp.hearsay}). } or (\ref{ex:amAjAtWGinW.WskAt}) (in §\ref{sec:complement.taking.noun.possessor} above).
+A: word: aʑo	 gloss: 1SG
+B: word: ɯ-skɤt	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-language
+C: word: kɯrɯ-skɤt	 gloss: Tibetan-language
+D: word: ji-skɤt	 gloss: 1PL.POSS-language
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 22:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [nɯ-βdaʁmu nɯ tu-tɯ-ndɤm] ___ ɯ́-ɕe?
+Gloss (with missing item): 3PL.POSS-queen DEM IPFV-2-take[III] ___ QU-go:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Do you want to become their queen?'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The noun of cognition \japhug{tɯ-sɯm}{mind} occur in collocation with the motion verb \japhug{ɕe}{go} in the meaning `want to X' (§\ref{sec:motion.light.verbs}) with either finite clause as in (\ref{ex:jutWCe.asWm.mWjCe}) and (\ref{ex:CkunWrNgWa.asWm}) (see also \ref{ex:tutWndAm.nAsWm.WCe} in §\ref{sec:complement.taking.noun.possessor}) or an infinitival one as in (\ref{ex:kAti.WsWm.mWpjACe})(\ref{ex:CWkArNgW.asWm}).
+A: word: ɯʑo	 gloss: 3SG
+B: word: a-sɯm	 gloss: 1SG.POSS-mind
+C: word: nɤ-sɯm	 gloss: 2SG.POSS-mind
+D: word: tɯ-sɯm	 gloss: GENR.POSS-mind
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 23:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [nɯ-βdaʁmu nɯ tu-tɯ-ndɤm] ___ ɯ́-ɕe?
+Gloss (with missing item): 3PL.POSS-queen DEM IPFV-2-take[III] ___ QU-go:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Do you want to become their queen?'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The possessive prefix on the com\-ple\-ment-taking noun encodes the experiencer, while the motion verb \japhug{ɕe}{go} remains in \textsc{3sg} form. When the complement clause is an infinitival clause, its subject must be coreferent with the experiencer in the main clause as in (\ref{ex:CWkArNgW.asWm}) and (\ref{ex:kAti.WsWm.mWpjACe}). However, when the complement clause is finite, subject corefence is possible (\ref{ex:CkunWrNgWa.asWm}, \ref{ex:tutWndAm.nAsWm.WCe}) but not required (\ref{ex:jutWCe.asWm.mWjCe}).
+A: word: a-sɯm	 gloss: 1SG.POSS-mind
+B: word: ɯ-zgra	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-noise
+C: word: tɯ-sɯm	 gloss: GENR.POSS-mind
+D: word: nɤ-sɯm	 gloss: 2SG.POSS-mind
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+

shuffled_multiple/Japhug/min_knowledge_points_5-04_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ʑakastaka ɯ-mdoʁ ___ mɤ-kɯ-naχtɕɯɣ ɣɤʑu, ɯ-tsʰɯɣa tɕi mɤ-kɯ-naχtɕɯɣ ɣɤʑu.
+Gloss (with missing item): each.his.own 3SG.POSS-colour ___ NEG-SBJ:PCP-be.the.same exist:SENS 3SG.POSS-shape also NEG-SBJ:PCP-be.the.same exist:SENS
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Each of them (species of starfishes) has its own different colour and different shape.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The correlative additive focus markers \forme{ri} and \forme{the morpheme ___} (§\ref{sec:ri.additive}, §\ref{sec:addition.clauses}) are one of the clearest cases of correlative constructions. As shown by (\ref{ex:pjWnWCWrNYJo.pjWNgra}), they follow the noun phrase on which they have scope, and the rest of the clause, including the verb, can be repeated as in (\ref{ex:WmdoR.tCi.mAkWnaXtCWG}).
+A: word: rɤʑi-tɕi	 gloss: stay:FACT-1DU
+B: word: tɕi	 gloss: also
+C: word: kɯroz	 gloss: specially
+D: word: a-pɯ-ŋu-a	 gloss: IRR-IPFV-be-1SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ʑakastaka ɯ-mdoʁ tɕi mɤ-kɯ-naχtɕɯɣ ɣɤʑu, ɯ-tsʰɯɣa ___ mɤ-kɯ-naχtɕɯɣ ɣɤʑu.
+Gloss (with missing item): each.his.own 3SG.POSS-colour also NEG-SBJ:PCP-be.the.same exist:SENS 3SG.POSS-shape ___ NEG-SBJ:PCP-be.the.same exist:SENS
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Each of them (species of starfishes) has its own different colour and different shape.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The correlative additive focus markers \forme{ri} and \forme{the morpheme ___} (§\ref{sec:ri.additive}, §\ref{sec:addition.clauses}) are one of the clearest cases of correlative constructions. As shown by (\ref{ex:pjWnWCWrNYJo.pjWNgra}), they follow the noun phrase on which they have scope, and the rest of the clause, including the verb, can be repeated as in (\ref{ex:WmdoR.tCi.mAkWnaXtCWG}).
+A: word: tɕi	 gloss: also
+B: word: kɯroz	 gloss: specially
+C: word: rɤʑi-tɕi	 gloss: stay:FACT-1DU
+D: word: a-pɯ-ŋu-a	 gloss: IRR-IPFV-be-1SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [aʑo nɤʑo kɯ iɕqʰa nɯtɕu ɣɯ-tu-kɯ-qur-a a-pɯ-ŋu] tɕe, nɯnɯ wuma ʑo ___ ma
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG 2SG ERG just.before DEM:LOC CISL-IPFV-2\fl{}1-help-1SG IRR-PST.IPFV-be LNK DEM really EMPH ___ LNK
+The English translation of this sentence is:`If you had come and helped me right before, I would have appreciated it.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In counterfactual constructions, the protasis describes a condition that is known to be false, and the apodosis indicates an outcome that would have occurred if the condition had been true. In Japhug, counterfactual conditionals have strict requirements on TAME marking in both the protasis and the apodosis. The verb in the protasis is in the Irrealis (§\ref{sec:irrealis.conditional}), and the Past Imperfective is required in the apodosis even for transitive dynamic verbs (§\ref{sec:pst.ifr.ipfv.apodosis}), as illustrated by (\ref{ex:GWtukWqura.apWNu.pWnApeta}) and (\ref{ex:apWtu.apWNua.pWra}).\footnote{In a previous publication (\citealt[301]{jacques14linking}), I claimed that there were counterfactual constructions with a verb in the Factual Non-Past in the apodosis (example 99), but this was an erroneous interpretation. }
+A: word: a-pɯ-ŋu-a	 gloss: IRR-IPFV-be-1SG
+B: word: pɯ-nɤ-pe-t-a	 gloss: PST.IPFV-TROP-be.good-PST:TR-1SG
+C: word: ɯ-tɤ-tɯ-sɤ-pe-t	 gloss: QU-AOR-2-CAUS-be.good-PST:TR
+D: word: pɯ-ɕti-a	 gloss: PST.IPFV-be-1SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tʰam tɕe nɤki χawo [aʑo a-mi a-pɯ-tu] tɕe, nɯ rɟɤlpu ɯ-tɕɯ nɯ ɯ-rkɯ nɯtɕu kɯ-rɤʑi nɯ aʑo ___ pɯ-ra
+Gloss (with missing item): now LNK FILLER if.only 1SG 1SG.POSS-leg IRR-IPFV-exist LNK DEM king 3SG.POSS-son DEM 3SG.POSS-side DEM:LOC SBJ:PCP-stay DEM 1SG ___ PST.IPFV-be.needed
+The English translation of this sentence is:`If only I had legs now, the one next to the prince would have had to be me.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In counterfactual constructions, the protasis describes a condition that is known to be false, and the apodosis indicates an outcome that would have occurred if the condition had been true. In Japhug, counterfactual conditionals have strict requirements on TAME marking in both the protasis and the apodosis. The verb in the protasis is in the Irrealis (§\ref{sec:irrealis.conditional}), and the Past Imperfective is required in the apodosis even for transitive dynamic verbs (§\ref{sec:pst.ifr.ipfv.apodosis}), as illustrated by (\ref{ex:GWtukWqura.apWNu.pWnApeta}) and (\ref{ex:apWtu.apWNua.pWra}).\footnote{In a previous publication (\citealt[301]{jacques14linking}), I claimed that there were counterfactual constructions with a verb in the Factual Non-Past in the apodosis (example 99), but this was an erroneous interpretation. }
+A: word: tɕi	 gloss: also
+B: word: a-pɯ-ŋu-a	 gloss: IRR-IPFV-be-1SG
+C: word: a-pɯ-tɯ-ŋu	 gloss: IRR-IPFV-2-be
+D: word: a-pɯ-ŋu	 gloss: IRR-PFV-be
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tʰam tɕe nɤki χawo [aʑo a-mi a-pɯ-tu] tɕe, nɯ rɟɤlpu ɯ-tɕɯ nɯ ɯ-rkɯ nɯtɕu kɯ-rɤʑi nɯ aʑo a-pɯ-ŋu-a ___
+Gloss (with missing item): now LNK FILLER if.only 1SG 1SG.POSS-leg IRR-IPFV-exist LNK DEM king 3SG.POSS-son DEM 3SG.POSS-side DEM:LOC SBJ:PCP-stay DEM 1SG IRR-IPFV-be-1SG ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`If only I had legs now, the one next to the prince would have had to be me.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In counterfactual constructions, the protasis describes a condition that is known to be false, and the apodosis indicates an outcome that would have occurred if the condition had been true. In Japhug, counterfactual conditionals have strict requirements on TAME marking in both the protasis and the apodosis. The verb in the protasis is in the Irrealis (§\ref{sec:irrealis.conditional}), and the Past Imperfective is required in the apodosis even for transitive dynamic verbs (§\ref{sec:pst.ifr.ipfv.apodosis}), as illustrated by (\ref{ex:GWtukWqura.apWNu.pWnApeta}) and (\ref{ex:apWtu.apWNua.pWra}).\footnote{In a previous publication (\citealt[301]{jacques14linking}), I claimed that there were counterfactual constructions with a verb in the Factual Non-Past in the apodosis (example 99), but this was an erroneous interpretation. }
+A: word: pɯ-ra	 gloss: PST.IPFV-be.needed
+B: word: pɯ-nɤ-pe-t-a	 gloss: PST.IPFV-TROP-be.good-PST:TR-1SG
+C: word: mɯ-pɯ-ra	 gloss: NEG-PST.IPFV-be.needed
+D: word: pɯ-ŋu	 gloss: PST.IPFV-be
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕʰemɤ-pɯ pɯ-ɕti-a ___ tɤ-tɕɯ ra nɯ-ɕki ku-rɤʑi-a mɯ́j-naz-a qʰe kɤ-ʑɣɤ-ɕɯ-fka mɯ-pɯ-naz-a
+Gloss (with missing item): girl-DIM PST.IPFV-be-1SG ___ INDEF.POSS-son PL 3PL.POSS-DAT IPFV-stay-1SG NEG:SENS-dare-1SG LNK INF-REFL-CAUS-be.full NEG-PST.IPFV-dare-1SG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`As I was a little girl, I did not dare to stay at a boy's place, and thus did not dare to eat my fill.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: However, consequence is more generally simply indicated by the linkers \forme{tɕe} and/or \forme{the morpheme ___} (§\ref{sec:coordination}), as illustrated by (\ref{ex:pWCtia.qhe.qhe}).
+A: word: tu-qʰe-a	 gloss: IPFV-hate[III]-1SG
+B: word: a-pɯ-ŋu-a	 gloss: IRR-IPFV-be-1SG
+C: word: saɕɯ	 gloss: larch
+D: word: qʰe	 gloss: LNK
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕʰemɤ-pɯ pɯ-ɕti-a qʰe tɤ-tɕɯ ra nɯ-ɕki ku-rɤʑi-a mɯ́j-naz-a ___ kɤ-ʑɣɤ-ɕɯ-fka mɯ-pɯ-naz-a
+Gloss (with missing item): girl-DIM PST.IPFV-be-1SG LNK INDEF.POSS-son PL 3PL.POSS-DAT IPFV-stay-1SG NEG:SENS-dare-1SG ___ INF-REFL-CAUS-be.full NEG-PST.IPFV-dare-1SG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`As I was a little girl, I did not dare to stay at a boy's place, and thus did not dare to eat my fill.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: However, consequence is more generally simply indicated by the linkers \forme{tɕe} and/or \forme{the morpheme ___} (§\ref{sec:coordination}), as illustrated by (\ref{ex:pWCtia.qhe.qhe}).
+A: word: a-pɯ-ŋu-a	 gloss: IRR-IPFV-be-1SG
+B: word: tu-qʰe-a	 gloss: IPFV-hate[III]-1SG
+C: word: saɕɯ	 gloss: larch
+D: word: qʰe	 gloss: LNK
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕe nɯ ɯ-rɣi a-mɤ-pɯ-ɕe ra ma pjɯ-tsɣi mɤ-cʰa tɕe tɕendɤre a-nɯ-ɤci ___ qʰe cʰo ftɕar a-kɤ-ndzoʁ ʑo qʰe li tu-ɬoʁ ɕti
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK DEM 3SG.POSS-grain IRR-NEG-PFV:DOWN-go be.needed:FACT LNK IPFV-be.rotten NEG-can:FACT LNK LNK IRR-PFV-get.wet ___ LNK COMIT summer IRR-PFV-ACAUS:attach EMPH LNK again IPFV-come.out be.AFF:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`One should not let its grains go into [the ground], because they cannot rot, and when they get wet and the spring comes, they grow again.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The comitative \forme{cʰo} can follow the linkers \forme{qʰe} and \forme{tɕe} when used to link clauses as in (\ref{ex:Zo.qhe.cho}), but notice that the emphatic marker (§\ref{sec:emphatic.Zo}) and the linker \forme{the morpheme ___ qʰe} are repeated in both the clause preceding \forme{cʰo} and the one following it.
+A: word: nɤʑo	 gloss: 2SG
+B: word: `ʂɯt'	 gloss: IDPH.I:sound
+C: word: tɕi	 gloss: also
+D: word: ʑo	 gloss: EMPH
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕe nɯ ɯ-rɣi a-mɤ-pɯ-ɕe ra ma pjɯ-tsɣi mɤ-cʰa tɕe tɕendɤre a-nɯ-ɤci ʑo ___ cʰo ftɕar a-kɤ-ndzoʁ ʑo qʰe li tu-ɬoʁ ɕti
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK DEM 3SG.POSS-grain IRR-NEG-PFV:DOWN-go be.needed:FACT LNK IPFV-be.rotten NEG-can:FACT LNK LNK IRR-PFV-get.wet EMPH ___ COMIT summer IRR-PFV-ACAUS:attach EMPH LNK again IPFV-come.out be.AFF:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`One should not let its grains go into [the ground], because they cannot rot, and when they get wet and the spring comes, they grow again.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The comitative \forme{cʰo} can follow the linkers \forme{the morpheme ___} and \forme{tɕe} when used to link clauses as in (\ref{ex:Zo.qhe.cho}), but notice that the emphatic marker (§\ref{sec:emphatic.Zo}) and the linker \forme{ʑo the morpheme ___} are repeated in both the clause preceding \forme{cʰo} and the one following it.
+A: word: saɕɯ	 gloss: larch
+B: word: tu-qʰe-a	 gloss: IPFV-hate[III]-1SG
+C: word: qʰe	 gloss: LNK
+D: word: pɯ-nɤ-pe-t-a	 gloss: PST.IPFV-TROP-be.good-PST:TR-1SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕe nɯ ɯ-rɣi a-mɤ-pɯ-ɕe ra ma pjɯ-tsɣi mɤ-cʰa tɕe tɕendɤre a-nɯ-ɤci ʑo qʰe cʰo ftɕar a-kɤ-ndzoʁ ___ qʰe li tu-ɬoʁ ɕti
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK DEM 3SG.POSS-grain IRR-NEG-PFV:DOWN-go be.needed:FACT LNK IPFV-be.rotten NEG-can:FACT LNK LNK IRR-PFV-get.wet EMPH LNK COMIT summer IRR-PFV-ACAUS:attach ___ LNK again IPFV-come.out be.AFF:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`One should not let its grains go into [the ground], because they cannot rot, and when they get wet and the spring comes, they grow again.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The comitative \forme{cʰo} can follow the linkers \forme{qʰe} and \forme{tɕe} when used to link clauses as in (\ref{ex:Zo.qhe.cho}), but notice that the emphatic marker (§\ref{sec:emphatic.Zo}) and the linker \forme{the morpheme ___ qʰe} are repeated in both the clause preceding \forme{cʰo} and the one following it.
+A: word: nɤʑo	 gloss: 2SG
+B: word: `ʂɯt'	 gloss: IDPH.I:sound
+C: word: tɕi	 gloss: also
+D: word: ʑo	 gloss: EMPH
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕe nɯ ɯ-rɣi a-mɤ-pɯ-ɕe ra ma pjɯ-tsɣi mɤ-cʰa tɕe tɕendɤre a-nɯ-ɤci ʑo qʰe cʰo ftɕar a-kɤ-ndzoʁ ʑo ___ li tu-ɬoʁ ɕti
+Gloss (with missing item): LNK DEM 3SG.POSS-grain IRR-NEG-PFV:DOWN-go be.needed:FACT LNK IPFV-be.rotten NEG-can:FACT LNK LNK IRR-PFV-get.wet EMPH LNK COMIT summer IRR-PFV-ACAUS:attach EMPH ___ again IPFV-come.out be.AFF:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`One should not let its grains go into [the ground], because they cannot rot, and when they get wet and the spring comes, they grow again.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The comitative \forme{cʰo} can follow the linkers \forme{the morpheme ___} and \forme{tɕe} when used to link clauses as in (\ref{ex:Zo.qhe.cho}), but notice that the emphatic marker (§\ref{sec:emphatic.Zo}) and the linker \forme{ʑo the morpheme ___} are repeated in both the clause preceding \forme{cʰo} and the one following it.
+A: word: qʰe	 gloss: LNK
+B: word: pɯ-ra	 gloss: PST.IPFV-be.needed
+C: word: tu-qʰe-a	 gloss: IPFV-hate[III]-1SG
+D: word: saɕɯ	 gloss: larch
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+

shuffled_multiple/Japhug/min_knowledge_points_5-05_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [si kɤ-pʰaʁ] ___ ʑo cʰa-a
+Gloss (with missing item): tree INF-chop ___ EMPH can:FACT-1SG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I am very good at felling trees.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When \japhug{cʰa}{can} takes an infinite complement, \forme{the morpheme ___} generally follows the complement clause, as in (\ref{ex:the morpheme ___.Zo.chaa}), whereas with finite complements it is generally located inside of the complement clause (\ref{ex:the morpheme ___.tusApe.cha}).
+A: word: tsa	 gloss: a.little
+B: word: `wuma	 gloss: really
+C: word: dʒɐspɐ̂	 gloss: quite
+D: word: wuma	 gloss: really
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɯ-ji ɯ-ŋgɯ zɯ tsʰɤt ɯ-ɣli nɯ cʰɯ́-wɣ-lɤt tɕe, [tɤ-rɤku ___ ʑo tu-sɤpe] cʰa
+Gloss (with missing item): INDEF.POSS-field 3SG.POSS-in LOC goat 3SG.POSS-manure DEM IPFV-INV-release LNK INDEF.POSS-crops ___ EMPH IPFV-do.well can:FACT
+The English translation of this sentence is:`If one spreads goat manure on the fields, it can make the crops (grow) really well.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When \japhug{cʰa}{can} takes an infinite complement, \forme{the morpheme ___} generally follows the complement clause, as in (\ref{ex:the morpheme ___.Zo.chaa}), whereas with finite complements it is generally located inside of the complement clause (\ref{ex:the morpheme ___.tusApe.cha}).
+A: word: wuma	 gloss: really
+B: word: `wuma	 gloss: really
+C: word: tɯ-ŋga	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-clothes
+D: word: dʒɐspɐ̂	 gloss: quite
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tɕʰitɕɯn paχɕi nɯ tɕe tɕe, ɯ-jwaʁ nɯra iʑora ji-paχɕi stʰɯci mɯ-ɲɯ-ɤrtɯm kɯ ɲɯ-rɲɟi ___
+Gloss (with missing item): TOPO apple DEM LNK LNK 3SG.POSS-leave DEM:PL 1PL 1PL.POSS-apple so.much NEG-SENS-be.round ERG SENS-be.long ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Pears (Chuchen apples), their leaves are not as round as [those of] our apples, but a bit longer.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: It can be combined with an overt standard marked by either \forme{sɤz} `than' (\ref{ex:sAz.YWwxti.the morpheme ___}) or \japhug{stʰɯci}{so much} (example \ref{ex:YWrYJi.the morpheme ___}, §\ref{sec:postverbal.adv}).
+A: word: wuma	 gloss: really
+B: word: tsa	 gloss: a.little
+C: word: kɤndʑi-mɤtsa	 gloss: COLL-MZCh
+D: word: xtɕi	 gloss: be.small:FACT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [tɤ-rme kɯ ___ tʰɯ-kɤ-βzu] nɯra ʁɟa tu-ndze ɲɯ-ŋu.
+Gloss (with missing item): INDEF.POSS-hair ERG ___ AOR-OBJ:PCP-make DEM:PL completely IPFV-eat[III] SENS-be
+The English translation of this sentence is:`It eats all of the clothes that are made of [animal] hair.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The superlative adverb is also attested with transitive dynamic verbs of action, as in the pseudo-cleft construction (§\ref{sec:pseudo.cleft}) in (\ref{ex:stu.Zo.WkAndza}).\footnote{The phrase \forme{tɤ-rme kɯ-fse} `like hair' is incomplete; the correct way to express the meaning `clothes made of animal hair' is the head-internal relative clause \forme{tɤ-rme kɯ the morpheme ___ tʰɯ-kɤ-βzu} (see \ref{ex:tWNga.thWkABzu}, §\ref{sec:head-internal.relative}).}
+A: word: tsa	 gloss: a.little
+B: word: ɯ-ŋga	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-clothes
+C: word: tɯ-ɕa	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-flesh
+D: word: tɯ-ŋga	 gloss: INDEF.POSS-clothes
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+

shuffled_multiple/Kagayanen/min_knowledge_points_10-voice_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,702 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pa-akid-an ko ∅ ___ an ta sidda.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.R-serve-APL 1S.ERG ABS ___ DEF.M NABS fish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I served her/him some fish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Benefactive voice often functions to express situations in which something is transferred to a beneficiary, with the beneficiary presented in the absolutive case (examples \ref{bkm:Ref500489993} and \ref{bkm:Ref500489123}). However, transfer is not a necessary component of the meaning of this construction (examples \ref{ex:thecabinet} through \ref{ex:thetikling}).
+A: word: kanen	 gloss: 3S.ABS
+B: word: daen	 gloss: 3P.ABS
+C: word: kaugalingen	 gloss: self
+D: word: danen	 gloss: 3P.ABS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pa-akid-an ko ∅ kanen ___ ta sidda.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.R-serve-APL 1S.ERG ABS 3S.ABS ___ NABS fish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I served her/him some fish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Benefactive voice often functions to express situations in which something is trthe morpheme ___sferred to a beneficiary, with the beneficiary presented in the absolutive case (examples \ref{bkm:Ref500489993} the morpheme ___d \ref{bkm:Ref500489123}). However, trthe morpheme ___sfer is not a necessary component of the methe morpheme ___ing of this construction (examples \ref{ex:thecabinet} through \ref{ex:thetikling}).
+A: word: mag-lumba-ay	 gloss: I.IR-race-REC
+B: word: ya"	 gloss: DEF.F
+C: word: nang	 gloss: only/just
+D: word: an	 gloss: DEF.M
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ∅-Luto-an ko ∅ ___ an ta sidda.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.IR-cook-APL 1S.ERG ABS ___ DEF.M NABS fish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I will cook him/her some fish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Benefactive voice often functions to express situations in which something is transferred to a beneficiary, with the beneficiary presented in the absolutive case (examples \ref{bkm:Ref500489993} and \ref{bkm:Ref500489123}). However, transfer is not a necessary component of the meaning of this construction (examples \ref{ex:thecabinet} through \ref{ex:thetikling}).
+A: word: ga-kita-ay	 gloss: I.R-see-REC
+B: word: kanen	 gloss: 3S.ABS
+C: word: danen	 gloss: 3P.ABS
+D: word: daen	 gloss: 3P.ABS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ∅-Luto-an ko ∅ kanen ___ ta sidda.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.IR-cook-APL 1S.ERG ABS 3S.ABS ___ NABS fish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I will cook him/her some fish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Benefactive voice often functions to express situations in which something is trthe morpheme ___sferred to a beneficiary, with the beneficiary presented in the absolutive case (examples \ref{bkm:Ref500489993} the morpheme ___d \ref{bkm:Ref500489123}). However, trthe morpheme ___sfer is not a necessary component of the methe morpheme ___ing of this construction (examples \ref{ex:thecabinet} through \ref{ex:thetikling}).
+A: word: ga-pa-lunot	 gloss: I.R-CAUS-decay
+B: word: an	 gloss: DEF.M
+C: word: ya"	 gloss: DEF.F
+D: word: nang	 gloss: only/just
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ∅-Luto-an ko ∅ ___ an ta sidda.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.IR-cook-APL 1S.ERG ABS ___ DEF.M NABS fish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I will cook him/her some fish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Without the applicative marker on the verb, example \REF{bkm:Ref500489123} could only be understood as patient voice, which would be anomalous with these arguments: “I will cook him/her (with/on/by) fish.”
+A: word: danen	 gloss: 3P.ABS
+B: word: daen	 gloss: 3P.ABS
+C: word: ∅-pa-dagsa-an	 gloss: T.IR-CAUS-wash.ashore-APL
+D: word: kanen	 gloss: 3S.ABS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ∅-Luto-an ko ∅ kanen ___ ta sidda.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.IR-cook-APL 1S.ERG ABS 3S.ABS ___ NABS fish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I will cook him/her some fish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Without the applicative marker on the verb, example \REF{bkm:Ref500489123} could only be understood as patient voice, which would be the morpheme ___omalous with these arguments: “I will cook him/her (with/on/by) fish.”
+A: word: pa-garay-an	 gloss: T.R-chant-APL
+B: word: an	 gloss: DEF.M
+C: word: ya"	 gloss: DEF.F
+D: word: nang	 gloss: only/just
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): I-luto ___ no ta sidda.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.DEON-cook ___ 2S.ERG NABS fish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘You must cook me some fish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As discussed in \chthe morpheme ___pref{chthe morpheme ___p:verbstructure}, \sectref{sec:modthe morpheme ___lity} the Deontic prefix i- mthe morpheme ___y function the morpheme ___s the morpheme ___n the morpheme ___pplicthe morpheme ___tive mthe morpheme ___rker, the morpheme ___s in \REF{bkm:Ref500489008}. As such, i- mthe morpheme ___y function the morpheme ___s the morpheme ___ deontic Benefthe morpheme ___ctive mthe morpheme ___rker:
+A: word: baso	 gloss: glass
+B: word: (pag)-dļagan	 gloss: NR.ACT-run
+C: word: ga-tubang-ay	 gloss: I.R-facing-REC
+D: word: a	 gloss: 1S.ABS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): I-luto ___ no ta sidda.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.DEON-cook ___ 2S.ERG NABS fish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘You must cook me some fish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Technicthe morpheme ___lly, \ref{bkm:Ref500489008} is the morpheme ___mbiguous between Benefthe morpheme ___ctive the morpheme ___nd Pthe morpheme ___tient voice. However, prthe morpheme ___gmthe morpheme ___ticthe morpheme ___lly it cthe morpheme ___n only be understood the morpheme ___s Benefthe morpheme ___ctive voice, since people don’t cook other people. We the morpheme ___re reminded of English sentences like “I will mthe morpheme ___ke you the morpheme ___ sthe morpheme ___ndwich” which the morpheme ___re similthe morpheme ___rly “the morpheme ___mbiguous”. The usthe morpheme ___ge illustrthe morpheme ___ted in \REF{bkm:Ref500489008} hthe morpheme ___s the morpheme ___lso been described the morpheme ___s “conveythe morpheme ___nce voice” in \isi{Cebuthe morpheme ___no} bthe morpheme ___sed on the fthe morpheme ___ct ththe morpheme ___t it presents the Undergoer (siddthe morpheme ___ ‘fish’) the morpheme ___s moving the morpheme ___wthe morpheme ___y from the Actor \citep[69]{wolff1973}.
+A: word: kaugalingen	 gloss: self
+B: word: barangay	 gloss: community
+C: word: a	 gloss: 1S.ABS
+D: word: baso	 gloss: glass
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): I-luto ___ no ta sidda.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.DEON-cook ___ 2S.ERG NABS fish
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘You must cook me some fish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Technicthe morpheme ___lly, \ref{bkm:Ref500489008} is the morpheme ___mbiguous between Benefthe morpheme ___ctive the morpheme ___nd Pthe morpheme ___tient voice. However, prthe morpheme ___gmthe morpheme ___ticthe morpheme ___lly it cthe morpheme ___n only be understood the morpheme ___s Benefthe morpheme ___ctive voice, since people don’t cook other people. We the morpheme ___re reminded of English sentences like “I will mthe morpheme ___ke you the morpheme ___ sthe morpheme ___ndwich” which the morpheme ___re similthe morpheme ___rly “the morpheme ___mbiguous”. The usthe morpheme ___ge illustrthe morpheme ___ted in \REF{bkm:Ref500489008} hthe morpheme ___s the morpheme ___lso been described the morpheme ___s “conveythe morpheme ___nce voice” in \isi{Cebuthe morpheme ___no} bthe morpheme ___sed on the fthe morpheme ___ct ththe morpheme ___t it presents the Undergoer (siddthe morpheme ___ ‘fish’) the morpheme ___s moving the morpheme ___wthe morpheme ___y from the Actor \citep[69]{wolff1973}.
+A: word: a	 gloss: 1S.ABS
+B: word: na-tanem-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-plant-APL
+C: word: “anen	 gloss: EXT.G
+D: word: baso	 gloss: glass
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Kami may basak ___ nay ta niog.
+Gloss (with missing item): 1P.EXCL.ABS EXT.IN land ___ 1P.EXCL.ERG NABS coconut
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘As for us (we) have land on which we have planted coconut trees.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref118204268} illustrates an applicative construction inside a relative clause. The head is basak ‘land’, which is the location of planting.
+A: word: basa-ay	 gloss: read-REC
+B: word: ga-tanem	 gloss: T.R-plant
+C: word: na-tanem-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-plant-APL
+D: word: ma-ng-tanem	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-plant
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Nanligan i ___ din bata daw ...-batang-an ta waig a ulo ta bata. Tapos pa-garay-an din.\\
+Gloss (with missing item): midwife DEF.N ___ 3S.ERG child and T.R-put-APL NABS water INJ head NABS child then T.R-chant-APL 3S.ERG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`As for the midwife, she holds the child and puts some water on the head of the child. Then she chants (for the child).’ (This is a naming ceremony for newborn babies similar to baptism.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref118204569} illustrates three applicative constructions. The first applicative involves the root ibit ‘hold’, which is a member of the class of roots that always appear in an applicative form when transitive (Class VIII). All such roots involve a patient that does not undergo a change in state, but is only slightly, superficially or invisibly affected by the action of the verb. In this case, the act of holding a child does not change or affect the child in any substantive way, and thus the child shares the semantic feature of “superficial affectedness” with locations. \chapref{chap:verbclasses-1}, \sectref{sec:volitionaltransitiveroots} contains a long list of such roots. In the second applicative in \REF{bkm:Ref118204569}, the location of the placing of water is the head of the child, which appears in the absolutive. Finally, in the third applicative, the absolutive argument of the stem garayan ‘to chant for’ is ellipted because the child is the main topic in this stretch of text, and in the context it is clear that the midwife chants for the child.
+A: word: mag-pa-kasaļ	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-wedding
+B: word: ∅-ibit-an	 gloss: T.IR-hold-APL
+C: word: pa-duma-an	 gloss: T.R-other-APL
+D: word: pa-ibit-an	 gloss: T.R-hold-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Nanligan i pa-ibit-an din bata daw ...-batang-an ta waig a ulo ta bata. Tapos ___ din.\\
+Gloss (with missing item): midwife DEF.N T.R-hold-APL 3S.ERG child and T.R-put-APL NABS water INJ head NABS child then ___ 3S.ERG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`As for the midwife, she holds the child and puts some water on the head of the child. Then she chants (for the child).’ (This is a naming ceremony for newborn babies similar to baptism.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref118204569} illustrates three applicative constructions. The first applicative involves the root ibit ‘hold’, which is a member of the class of roots that always appear in an applicative form when transitive (Class VIII). All such roots involve a patient that does not undergo a change in state, but is only slightly, superficially or invisibly affected by the action of the verb. In this case, the act of holding a child does not change or affect the child in any substantive way, and thus the child shares the semantic feature of “superficial affectedness” with locations. \chapref{chap:verbclasses-1}, \sectref{sec:volitionaltransitiveroots} contains a long list of such roots. In the second applicative in \REF{bkm:Ref118204569}, the location of the placing of water is the head of the child, which appears in the absolutive. Finally, in the third applicative, the absolutive argument of the stem garayan ‘to chant for’ is ellipted because the child is the main topic in this stretch of text, and in the context it is clear that the midwife chants for the child.
+A: word: pa-mati-an	 gloss: T.R-hear-APL
+B: word: mag-pa-kasaļ	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-wedding
+C: word: sakay-an	 gloss: ride-NR
+D: word: pa-garay-an	 gloss: T.R-chant-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Nanligan i ___ din bata daw ...-batang-an ta waig a ulo ta bata. Tapos pa-garay-an din.\\
+Gloss (with missing item): midwife DEF.N ___ 3S.ERG child and T.R-put-APL NABS water INJ head NABS child then T.R-chant-APL 3S.ERG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`As for the midwife, she holds the child and puts some water on the head of the child. Then she chants (for the child).’ (This is a naming ceremony for newborn babies similar to baptism.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref118204569} illustrates three applicative constructions. The first applicative involves the root ibit ‘hold’, which is a member of the class of roots that always appear in an applicative form when transitive (Class VIII). All such roots involve a patient that does not undergo a change in state, but is only slightly, superficially or invisibly affected by the action of the verb. In this case, the act of holding a child does not change or affect the child in any substantive way, and thus the child shares the semantic feature of “superficial affectedness” with locations. \chapref{chap:verbclasses-1}, \sectref{sec:volitionaltransitiveroots} contains a long list of such roots. In the second applicative in \REF{bkm:Ref118204569}, the location of the placing of water is the head of the child, which appears in the absolutive. Finally, in the third applicative, the absolutive argument of the stem garayan ‘to chant for’ is ellipted because the child is the main topic in this stretch of text, and in the context it is clear that the midwife chants for the child.
+A: word: iran	 gloss: 3P.GEN
+B: word: pa-ibit-an	 gloss: T.R-hold-APL
+C: word: ∅-ibit-an	 gloss: T.IR-hold-APL
+D: word: pa-duma-an	 gloss: T.R-other-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Nanligan i pa-ibit-an din bata daw ...-batang-an ta waig a ulo ta bata. Tapos ___ din.\\
+Gloss (with missing item): midwife DEF.N T.R-hold-APL 3S.ERG child and T.R-put-APL NABS water INJ head NABS child then ___ 3S.ERG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`As for the midwife, she holds the child and puts some water on the head of the child. Then she chants (for the child).’ (This is a naming ceremony for newborn babies similar to baptism.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref118204569} illustrates three applicative constructions. The first applicative involves the root ibit ‘hold’, which is a member of the class of roots that always appear in an applicative form when transitive (Class VIII). All such roots involve a patient that does not undergo a change in state, but is only slightly, superficially or invisibly affected by the action of the verb. In this case, the act of holding a child does not change or affect the child in any substantive way, and thus the child shares the semantic feature of “superficial affectedness” with locations. \chapref{chap:verbclasses-1}, \sectref{sec:volitionaltransitiveroots} contains a long list of such roots. In the second applicative in \REF{bkm:Ref118204569}, the location of the placing of water is the head of the child, which appears in the absolutive. Finally, in the third applicative, the absolutive argument of the stem garayan ‘to chant for’ is ellipted because the child is the main topic in this stretch of text, and in the context it is clear that the midwife chants for the child.
+A: word: pa-mati-an	 gloss: T.R-hear-APL
+B: word: sakay-an	 gloss: ride-NR
+C: word: ga-pa-buļong	 gloss: I.R-CAUS-medicine
+D: word: pa-garay-an	 gloss: T.R-chant-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din bayo din ya ta bļawan…
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG shirt 3S.GEN DEF.F NABS gold
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He filled up his shirt with gold...’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref500573274} and \REF{bkm:Ref500573276} have the same argument structure--an Actor in the ergative case and a patient in the absolutive, therefore they are both patient voice. The difference is that \REF{bkm:Ref500573274} is a simple transitive construction, while \REF{bkm:Ref500573276} is an applicative. The meaning of \REF{bkm:Ref500573276} is that the Actor did not cut the wood completely in two parts, but only cut off a small portion. The following examples, repeated here from \chapref{chap:verbstructure}, also illustrate the partitive use of the applicative. Example \REF{bkm:Ref395171869} illustrates the verb panno ‘fill’ in a non-applicative construction. In this example, the shirt is the absolutive, while the Actor, ‘he’ is ergative:
+A: word: kanen	 gloss: 3S.ABS
+B: word: pag--abot	 gloss: NR.ACT-arrive
+C: word: pa-panno-an	 gloss: T.R-fill-APL
+D: word: pa-panno	 gloss: T.R-fill
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din bayo din ya ta bļawan.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG shirt 3S.GEN DEF.F NABS gold
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He filled part way his shirt with gold.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref395171874v} illustrates the same verb in an applicative construction. Note, however, that the argument structure is the same. The shirt is still absolutive, and the Actor is still ergative:
+A: word: sise	 gloss: little
+B: word: pa-panno-an	 gloss: T.R-fill-APL
+C: word: ga-pa-lunot	 gloss: I.R-CAUS-decay
+D: word: na-panno-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-fill-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ kanen ta tampayas.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ABS NABS papaya
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he let/caused the papaya to decay.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As with all semantically transitive\is{semantic transitivity}\is{transitivity!semantic} verbs, causative verb stems can appear in a Detransitive (Actor voice) construction. In this case, the pa{}- causative does appear with some verbs (such as lunot `decay' in example \ref{bkm:Ref501112712}) but not with others (such as pudpod, ‘crumble into powder’ in example \ref{bkm:Ref329259219}):
+A: word: baybay	 gloss: beach
+B: word: ga-pa-lunot	 gloss: I.R-CAUS-decay
+C: word: ga-pa-luko	 gloss: I.R-CAUS-trick
+D: word: pa-pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-dissolve
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 17:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ kanen an ta buļong.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ABS DEF.M NABS medicine
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he is/was crumbling medicine into powder.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As with all semantically transitive\is{semantic transitivity}\is{transitivity!semantic} verbs, causative verb stems can appear in a Detransitive (Actor voice) construction. In this case, the pa{}- causative does appear with some verbs (such as lunot `decay' in example \ref{bkm:Ref501112712}) but not with others (such as pudpod, ‘crumble into powder’ in example \ref{bkm:Ref329259219}):
+A: word: ga-pursigir	 gloss: I.R-persevere
+B: word: ake	 gloss: 1S.GEN
+C: word: ga-pudpod	 gloss: I.R-crumble.into.powder
+D: word: pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-dissolve
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 18:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ kanen an ta buļong.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ABS DEF.M NABS medicine
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he is/was crumbling medicine into powder.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We know that \REF{bkm:Ref329259219} is a detransitive of a causative construction and not a simple intransitive construction because a) the absolutive pronoun refers to a person, and persons don’t (normally) crumble into powder, and b) the understanding is that the medicine is what crumbles, with the absolutive argument referring to a causal agent.
+A: word: na-tanem-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-plant-APL
+B: word: ga-pudpod	 gloss: I.R-crumble.into.powder
+C: word: pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-dissolve
+D: word: ga-pursigir	 gloss: I.R-persevere
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 19:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din ki yaken baybay an ta mga batang.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG OBL.P 1s beach DEF.M NABS PL driftwood
+The English translation of this sentence is:`S/he will make me let some driftwood wash ashore on the beach.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We know that the pa{}- prefix is a causative, and the modality is irrealis in \REF{bkm:Ref501176811} because of the argument structure. The presence of an oblique argument, ki yaken, makes it clear that this is a double causative. The absence of an overt transitivity marker on the verb indicates that this must be irrealis modality (recall that the presence of the applicative -an precludes the use of the transitive irrealis suffix -en, thus leaving “zero” as the only indicator of transitivity). If the pa{}- in this example were the transitive realis pa{}-, the only possible reading would be “You brought the driftwood to the beach at me,” and such a meaning is impossible.
+A: word: ga-pa-buļong	 gloss: I.R-CAUS-medicine
+B: word: na-dagsa-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-wash.ashore-APL
+C: word: manang	 gloss: older.sister
+D: word: ∅-pa-dagsa-an	 gloss: T.IR-CAUS-wash.ashore-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 20:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ∅-Pa-dagsa-an din ki yaken ___ an ta mga batang.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.IR-CAUS-wash.ashore-APL 3S.ERG OBL.P 1s ___ DEF.M NABS PL driftwood
+The English translation of this sentence is:`S/he will make me let some driftwood wash ashore on the beach.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We know that the pa{}- prefix is a causative, and the modality is irrealis in \REF{bkm:Ref501176811} because of the argument structure. The presence of an oblique argument, ki yaken, makes it clear that this is a double causative. The absence of an overt transitivity marker on the verb indicates that this must be irrealis modality (recall that the presence of the applicative -an precludes the use of the transitive irrealis suffix -en, thus leaving “zero” as the only indicator of transitivity). If the pa{}- in this example were the transitive realis pa{}-, the only possible reading would be “You brought the driftwood to the its gloss ___ at me,” and such a meaning is impossible.
+A: word: kabay	 gloss: may.it.be
+B: word: na-tanem-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-plant-APL
+C: word: baybay	 gloss: beach
+D: word: pantad	 gloss: sand
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 21:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ∅-Pa-dagsa-an din ki yaken baybay ___ ta mga batang.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.IR-CAUS-wash.ashore-APL 3S.ERG OBL.P 1s beach ___ NABS PL driftwood
+The English translation of this sentence is:`S/he will make me let some driftwood wash ashore on the beach.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We know that the pa{}- prefix is a causative, the morpheme ___d the modality is irrealis in \REF{bkm:Ref501176811} because of the argument structure. The presence of the morpheme ___ oblique argument, ki yaken, makes it clear that this is a double causative. The absence of the morpheme ___ overt trthe morpheme ___sitivity marker on the verb indicates that this must be irrealis modality (recall that the presence of the applicative -the morpheme ___ precludes the use of the trthe morpheme ___sitive irrealis suffix -en, thus leaving “zero” as the only indicator of trthe morpheme ___sitivity). If the pa{}- in this example were the trthe morpheme ___sitive realis pa{}-, the only possible reading would be “You brought the driftwood to the beach at me,” the morpheme ___d such a methe morpheme ___ing is impossible.
+A: word: ya"	 gloss: DEF.F
+B: word: an	 gloss: DEF.M
+C: word: nang	 gloss: only/just
+D: word: ga-kita-ay	 gloss: I.R-see-REC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 22:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ka nang en daw manakem ka.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2S.ABS just CM if/when older 2S.ABS
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Just have yourself taken care of when you are elderly.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The detransitive causative of some verbs has a reflexive sense, since the causer and the patient may be coreferential (\ref{bkm:Ref329267348}). The meaning is ‘to let oneself have something done to oneself.’ A distinct causee can occur optionally in an oblique phrase, as in \REF{bkm:Ref329267373} and \REF{bkm:Ref329267376}.
+A: word: mag-pa-aļam	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-know
+B: word: mag-pa-ilis	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-shallow.sea
+C: word: mag-pa-sagod	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-take.care
+D: word: pa-panno-an	 gloss: T.R-fill-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 23:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ a naan ta duktor.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1S.ABS SPAT.DEF NABS doctor
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I am/was having myself medicated by the doctor.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The detransitive causative of some verbs has a reflexive sense, since the causer and the patient may be coreferential (\ref{bkm:Ref329267348}). The meaning is ‘to let oneself have something done to oneself.’ A distinct causee can occur optionally in an oblique phrase, as in \REF{bkm:Ref329267373} and \REF{bkm:Ref329267376}.
+A: word: baybay	 gloss: beach
+B: word: mag-pa-sagod	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-take.care
+C: word: ga-pa-buļong	 gloss: I.R-CAUS-medicine
+D: word: ga-buļong	 gloss: I.R-crash.together
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 24:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ka nang imo ta yo na ittaw.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2S.ABS just EMPH NABS D4ADJ LK person
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘You just let yourself be tricked by that person.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The detransitive causative of some verbs has a reflexive sense, since the causer and the patient may be coreferential (\ref{bkm:Ref329267348}). The meaning is ‘to let oneself have something done to oneself.’ A distinct causee can occur optionally in an oblique phrase, as in \REF{bkm:Ref329267373} and \REF{bkm:Ref329267376}.
+A: word: ga-pa-lunot	 gloss: I.R-CAUS-decay
+B: word: ga-dakep	 gloss: I.R-catch
+C: word: ake	 gloss: 1S.GEN
+D: word: ga-pa-luko	 gloss: I.R-CAUS-trick
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 25:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Sabat ta pangka ya, ___ a ta imo na mga ginikanan daw ambaļ-en ko danen na mag-pa-kasaļ ki."
+Gloss (with missing item): answer NASB frog DEF.F ___ 1S.ABS NABS 2S.GEN LK PL parent and say-T.IR 1S.ERG 3P.ABS LK I.IR-CAUS-wedding 1P.INCL.ABS
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The frog answered, “I will show myself to your parents and I will tell them that we are going to get (ourselves) wedded/married.”'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref108689939} illustrates two instances of this “reflexive/causative” usage for two other verbs, kita ‘to see’ and kasaļ ‘to marry’:
+A: word: “mag-pa-kita	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-see
+B: word: mag-pa-kasaļ	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-wedding
+C: word: mag-pa-aļam	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-know
+D: word: ake	 gloss: 1S.GEN
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 26:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Sabat ta pangka ya, “Mag-pa-kita a ta imo na mga ginikanan daw ambaļ-en ko danen na ___ ki."
+Gloss (with missing item): answer NASB frog DEF.F I.IR-CAUS-see 1S.ABS NABS 2S.GEN LK PL parent and say-T.IR 1S.ERG 3P.ABS LK ___ 1P.INCL.ABS
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The frog answered, “I will show myself to your parents and I will tell them that we are going to get (ourselves) wedded/married.”'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref108689939} illustrates two instances of this “reflexive/causative” usage for two other verbs, kita ‘to see’ and kasaļ ‘to marry’:
+A: word: nang	 gloss: only/just
+B: word: “mag-pa-kita	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-see
+C: word: mag-prusisyon	 gloss: I.IR-procession
+D: word: mag-pa-kasaļ	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-wedding
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 27:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pa-nina din ___ din an.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.R-wound 3S.ERG ___ 3S.GEN DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he wounded him/herself.’ (lit. ’S/he wounded her/his own body.’)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Except for these lexical reflexives, and the extended use of causative morphology to express a kind of reflexive described in the previous section, most reflexive constructions in Kagayanen are syntactic. They consist of a transitive or detransitive construction with a possessed Referring Phrase headed either by kaugalingen ‘self’ or the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ occurring in the Undergoer role. These may either be transitive (\ref{bkm:Ref118617763}), or detransitive (\ref{bkm:Ref118617766}):
+A: word: pa-panno-an	 gloss: T.R-fill-APL
+B: word: gettek	 gloss: stomach
+C: word: kalilawan	 gloss: Philippine.oriole
+D: word: lawa	 gloss: body
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 28:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pa-nina din lawa ___ an.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.R-wound 3S.ERG body ___ DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he wounded him/herself.’ (lit. ’S/he wounded her/his own body.’)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Except for these lexical reflexives, and the extended use of causative morphology to express a kind of reflexive described in the previous section, most reflexive constructions in Kagayanen are syntactic. They consist of a transitive or detransitive construction with a possessed Referring Phrase headed either by kaugalingen ‘self’ or lawa ‘body’ occurring in the Undergoer role. These may either be transitive (\ref{bkm:Ref118617763}), or detransitive (\ref{bkm:Ref118617766}):
+A: word: iran	 gloss: 3P.GEN
+B: word: din	 gloss: 3S.GEN
+C: word: ga-tubang-ay	 gloss: I.R-facing-REC
+D: word: din…	 gloss: 3S.GEN
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 29:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ga-ugas kanen ta ___ din.
+Gloss (with missing item): I.R-wash 3S.ABS NABS ___ 3S.GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he washed her/himself.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Except for these lexical reflexives, and the extended use of causative morphology to express a kind of reflexive described in the previous section, most reflexive constructions in Kagayanen are syntactic. They consist of a transitive or detransitive construction with a possessed Referring Phrase headed either by the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’ or lawa ‘body’ occurring in the Undergoer role. These may either be transitive (\ref{bkm:Ref118617763}), or detransitive (\ref{bkm:Ref118617766}):
+A: word: kaugalingen	 gloss: self
+B: word: ittaw	 gloss: person
+C: word: iran	 gloss: 3P.GEN
+D: word: ugaling	 gloss: however
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 30:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pa-nina din ___ din an.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.R-wound 3S.ERG ___ 3S.GEN DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he wounded him/herself.’ (lit. ’S/he wounded her/his own body.’)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: These examples must be understood as reflexive; the possessor of the Undergoer may not refer to a distinct person. In other words, \REF{bkm:Ref118617763} cannot mean `S/he wounded someone else's its gloss ___’. Kaugalingen is the dedicated reflexive nominal. Lawa ’physical its gloss ___’ is sometimes used in place of kaugalingen, possibly because it is shorter.
+A: word: kalilawan	 gloss: Philippine.oriole
+B: word: lawa	 gloss: body
+C: word: gettek	 gloss: stomach
+D: word: kaugalingen	 gloss: self
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 31:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pa-nina din lawa ___ an.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.R-wound 3S.ERG body ___ DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he wounded him/herself.’ (lit. ’S/he wounded her/his own body.’)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: These examples must be understood as reflexive; the possessor of the Undergoer may not refer to a distinct person. In other words, \REF{bkm:Ref118617763} cannot mean `S/he wounded someone else's body’. Kaugalingen is the dedicated reflexive nominal. Lawa ’physical body’ is sometimes used in place of kaugalingen, possibly because it is shorter.
+A: word: din…	 gloss: 3S.GEN
+B: word: ga-kita-ay	 gloss: I.R-see-REC
+C: word: iran	 gloss: 3P.GEN
+D: word: din	 gloss: 3S.GEN
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 32:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pa-nina din ___ din an.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.R-wound 3S.ERG ___ 3S.GEN DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he wounded him/herself.’ (lit. ’S/he wounded her/his own body.’)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617763} and \REF{bkm:Ref118618251}-\REF{bkm:Ref118618196} show that ergative case Actors may antecede absolutive case reflexive RPs. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617766} and \REF{bkm:Ref501865097} illustrate that an absolutive Actor (ka ‘you’) may be the antecedent for a reflexive Referring Phrase in a detransitive construction:
+A: word: ga-pa-buļong	 gloss: I.R-CAUS-medicine
+B: word: kalilawan	 gloss: Philippine.oriole
+C: word: lawa	 gloss: body
+D: word: gettek	 gloss: stomach
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 33:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pa-nina din lawa ___ an.
+Gloss (with missing item): T.R-wound 3S.ERG body ___ DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he wounded him/herself.’ (lit. ’S/he wounded her/his own body.’)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617763} and \REF{bkm:Ref118618251}-\REF{bkm:Ref118618196} show that ergative case Actors may antecede absolutive case reflexive RPs. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617766} and \REF{bkm:Ref501865097} illustrate that an absolutive Actor (ka ‘you’) may be the antecedent for a reflexive Referring Phrase in a detransitive construction:
+A: word: pa-panno-an	 gloss: T.R-fill-APL
+B: word: din	 gloss: 3S.GEN
+C: word: iran	 gloss: 3P.GEN
+D: word: din…	 gloss: 3S.GEN
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 34:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ nang na kaugalingen isip ya danen.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ only LK self think DEF.F 3P.ERG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Themselves only is what they think about.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617763} and \REF{bkm:Ref118618251}-\REF{bkm:Ref118618196} show that ergative case Actors may antecede absolutive case reflexive RPs. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617766} and \REF{bkm:Ref501865097} illustrate that an absolutive Actor (ka ‘you’) may be the antecedent for a reflexive Referring Phrase in a detransitive construction:
+A: word: granada	 gloss: grenade
+B: word: iran	 gloss: 3P.GEN
+C: word: pa-ibit-an	 gloss: T.R-hold-APL
+D: word: iya	 gloss: 3S.GEN
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 35:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Iran ___ na kaugalingen isip ya danen.
+Gloss (with missing item): 3P.GEN ___ LK self think DEF.F 3P.ERG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Themselves only is what they think about.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617763} and \REF{bkm:Ref118618251}-\REF{bkm:Ref118618196} show that ergative case Actors may antecede absolutive case reflexive RPs. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617766} and \REF{bkm:Ref501865097} illustrate that an absolutive Actor (ka ‘you’) may be the antecedent for a reflexive Referring Phrase in a detransitive construction:
+A: word: manang	 gloss: older.sister
+B: word: pa-garay-an	 gloss: T.R-chant-APL
+C: word: nang	 gloss: only
+D: word: sitaw	 gloss: yardlong.bean
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 36:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Iran nang ___ kaugalingen isip ya danen.
+Gloss (with missing item): 3P.GEN only ___ self think DEF.F 3P.ERG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Themselves only is what they think about.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617763} and \REF{bkm:Ref118618251}-\REF{bkm:Ref118618196} show that ergative case Actors may antecede absolutive case reflexive RPs. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617766} and \REF{bkm:Ref501865097} illustrate that an absolutive Actor (ka ‘you’) may be the antecedent for a reflexive Referring Phrase in a detransitive construction:
+A: word: na	 gloss: LK
+B: word: ake	 gloss: 1S.GEN
+C: word: pa-bunaļ	 gloss: T.R-spank
+D: word: na-buong	 gloss: A.HAP.R-shatter
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 37:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Iran nang na ___ isip ya danen.
+Gloss (with missing item): 3P.GEN only LK ___ think DEF.F 3P.ERG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Themselves only is what they think about.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617763} and \REF{bkm:Ref118618251}-\REF{bkm:Ref118618196} show that ergative case Actors may antecede absolutive case reflexive RPs. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617766} and \REF{bkm:Ref501865097} illustrate that an absolutive Actor (ka ‘you’) may be the antecedent for a reflexive Referring Phrase in a detransitive construction:
+A: word: ittaw	 gloss: person
+B: word: kaugalingen	 gloss: self
+C: word: mag-pa-sagod	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-take.care
+D: word: ugaling	 gloss: however
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 38:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Piro gusto ko gid anay i-pa-kilala ko ___ na kaugalingen.
+Gloss (with missing item): but want 1S.ERG INT first/for.awhile T.DEON-CAUS-know 1S.ERG ___ LK self
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘But I really want to first have to introduce myself.’ (kilala is code switching from \isi{Tagalog}.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617763} and \REF{bkm:Ref118618251}-\REF{bkm:Ref118618196} show that ergative case Actors may antecede absolutive case reflexive RPs. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617766} and \REF{bkm:Ref501865097} illustrate that an absolutive Actor (ka ‘you’) may be the antecedent for a reflexive Referring Phrase in a detransitive construction:
+A: word: pa-panno-an	 gloss: T.R-fill-APL
+B: word: iya	 gloss: 3S.GEN
+C: word: yaken	 gloss: 1s
+D: word: ake	 gloss: 1S.GEN
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 39:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Piro gusto ko gid anay i-pa-kilala ko ake ___ kaugalingen.
+Gloss (with missing item): but want 1S.ERG INT first/for.awhile T.DEON-CAUS-know 1S.ERG 1S.GEN ___ self
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘But I really want to first have to introduce myself.’ (kilala is code switching from \isi{Tagalog}.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617763} and \REF{bkm:Ref118618251}-\REF{bkm:Ref118618196} show that ergative case Actors may antecede absolutive case reflexive RPs. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617766} and \REF{bkm:Ref501865097} illustrate that an absolutive Actor (ka ‘you’) may be the antecedent for a reflexive Referring Phrase in a detransitive construction:
+A: word: pa-bunaļ	 gloss: T.R-spank
+B: word: na	 gloss: LK
+C: word: sayaw-ay	 gloss: dance-REC
+D: word: na-buong	 gloss: A.HAP.R-shatter
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 40:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ga-ugas kanen ta ___ din.
+Gloss (with missing item): I.R-wash 3S.ABS NABS ___ 3S.GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he washed her/himself.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617763} and \REF{bkm:Ref118618251}-\REF{bkm:Ref118618196} show that ergative case Actors may antecede absolutive case reflexive RPs. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617766} and \REF{bkm:Ref501865097} illustrate that an absolutive Actor (ka ‘you’) may be the antecedent for a reflexive Referring Phrase in a detransitive construction:
+A: word: ittaw	 gloss: person
+B: word: kaugalingen	 gloss: self
+C: word: ga-tubang-ay	 gloss: I.R-facing-REC
+D: word: ugaling	 gloss: however
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 41:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Dili ka gid dyan mag-pa-baya ta ___ na kaugalingen.
+Gloss (with missing item): NEG,IR 2S.ABS INT D4LOC I.IR-CAUS-ignore NABS ___ LK self
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Do not just ignore yourself there.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617763} and \REF{bkm:Ref118618251}-\REF{bkm:Ref118618196} show that ergative case Actors may antecede absolutive case reflexive RPs. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617766} and \REF{bkm:Ref501865097} illustrate that an absolutive Actor (ka ‘you’) may be the antecedent for a reflexive Referring Phrase in a detransitive construction:
+A: word: imo	 gloss: 2S.GEN
+B: word: ga-pudpod	 gloss: I.R-crumble.into.powder
+C: word: ma-imo	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-make
+D: word: na-patay	 gloss: A.HAP.R-dead
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 42:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Dili ka gid dyan mag-pa-baya ta imo ___ kaugalingen.
+Gloss (with missing item): NEG,IR 2S.ABS INT D4LOC I.IR-CAUS-ignore NABS 2S.GEN ___ self
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Do not just ignore yourself there.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617763} and \REF{bkm:Ref118618251}-\REF{bkm:Ref118618196} show that ergative case Actors may antecede absolutive case reflexive RPs. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref118617766} and \REF{bkm:Ref501865097} illustrate that an absolutive Actor (ka ‘you’) may be the antecedent for a reflexive Referring Phrase in a detransitive construction:
+A: word: ga-pa-luko	 gloss: I.R-CAUS-trick
+B: word: na-buong	 gloss: A.HAP.R-shatter
+C: word: pa-bunaļ	 gloss: T.R-spank
+D: word: na	 gloss: LK
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 43:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Dimalas na ___ danen i naan ta Puerto.
+Gloss (with missing item): bad.luck LK ___ 3P.ABS DEF.N SPAT.DEF NABS Puerto
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘(It was) bad luck that they met each other in Puerto.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref414723974} through \REF{bkm:Ref414775243} illustrate several prototypical examples of the reciprocal suffixes from the text corpus. Following this, some extended usages are described. A prototypical reciprocal construction involves an inherently transitive verb in a grammatically intransitive construction, with a reciprocal suffix on the verb and an Actor understood or explicited expressed as plural. The plural Actor may appear as a plural pronoun (\ref{bkm:Ref414723974}) or full RP (\ref{bkm:Ref414775363}):
+A: word: na-sugat	 gloss: A.HAP.R-meet
+B: word: “mag-pa-kita	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-see
+C: word: ga-sugat-ay	 gloss: I.R-meet-REC
+D: word: pag-suļat	 gloss: NR.ACT-write
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 44:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pa-ambaļ na tangkeb-an, sura din, may darwa na bato na ___ na may kulor na ga-inog-inog.\footnotemark{}
+Gloss (with missing item): T.R-say LK close-NR looks 3S.GEN EXT.IN two LK rock LK ___ LK EXT.IN color LK I.R-RED-red
+The English translation of this sentence is:`What is called tangkeban, it looks like two rocks that have a reddish color facing each other.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref414723974} through \REF{bkm:Ref414775243} illustrate several prototypical examples of the reciprocal suffixes from the text corpus. Following this, some extended usages are described. A prototypical reciprocal construction involves an inherently transitive verb in a grammatically intransitive construction, with a reciprocal suffix on the verb and an Actor understood or explicited expressed as plural. The plural Actor may appear as a plural pronoun (\ref{bkm:Ref414723974}) or full RP (\ref{bkm:Ref414775363}):
+A: word: ga-tubang-ay	 gloss: I.R-facing-REC
+B: word: ma-tabang-an	 gloss: HAP.IR-help-APL
+C: word: ga-kita-ay	 gloss: I.R-see-REC
+D: word: basa-ay	 gloss: read-REC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 45:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Dimalas na ___ danen i naan ta Puerto.
+Gloss (with missing item): bad.luck LK ___ 3P.ABS DEF.N SPAT.DEF NABS Puerto
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘(It was) bad luck that they met each other in Puerto.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref414723974} through \REF{bkm:Ref414775243} illustrate several prototypical examples of the reciprocal suffixes from the text corpus. Following this, some extended usages are described. A prototypical reciprocal construction involves an inherently transitive verb in a grammatically intransitive construction, with a reciprocal suffix on the verb and an Actor understood or explicited expressed as plural. The plural Actor may appear as a plural pronoun (\ref{bkm:Ref414723974}) or full RP (\ref{bkm:Ref414775363}):
+A: word: pa-ibit-an	 gloss: T.R-hold-APL
+B: word: ga-sugat-ay	 gloss: I.R-meet-REC
+C: word: din…	 gloss: 3S.GEN
+D: word: na-sugat	 gloss: A.HAP.R-meet
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 46:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ danen na tama en na mga umang, pa-sugid-an en na kanen an daw Pwikan kisyem sellem mag-lumba-ay dļagan.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3P.ABS LK many CM LK PL hermit.crab T.R-tell-APL CM LK 3S.ABS DEF.M and sea.turtle tomorrow morning I.IR-race-REC run
+The English translation of this sentence is:`When he and many hermit crabs met, (he) told (them) that he and Sea-turtle tomorrow morning would race each other running.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref414723974} through \REF{bkm:Ref414775243} illustrate several prototypical examples of the reciprocal suffixes from the text corpus. Following this, some extended usages are described. A prototypical reciprocal construction involves an inherently transitive verb in a grammatically intransitive construction, with a reciprocal suffix on the verb and an Actor understood or explicited expressed as plural. The plural Actor may appear as a plural pronoun (\ref{bkm:Ref414723974}) or full RP (\ref{bkm:Ref414775363}):
+A: word: pag-kita	 gloss: NR.ACT-see
+B: word: pag-kita-ay	 gloss: NR.ACT-see-REC
+C: word: na-tanem-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-plant-APL
+D: word: ga-kita-ay	 gloss: I.R-see-REC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 47:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pag-kita-ay danen na tama en na mga umang, pa-sugid-an en na kanen an daw Pwikan kisyem sellem ___ dļagan.
+Gloss (with missing item): NR.ACT-see-REC 3P.ABS LK many CM LK PL hermit.crab T.R-tell-APL CM LK 3S.ABS DEF.M and sea.turtle tomorrow morning ___ run
+The English translation of this sentence is:`When he and many hermit crabs met, (he) told (them) that he and Sea-turtle tomorrow morning would race each other running.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref414723974} through \REF{bkm:Ref414775243} illustrate several prototypical examples of the reciprocal suffixes from the text corpus. Following this, some extended usages are described. A prototypical reciprocal construction involves an inherently transitive verb in a grammatically intransitive construction, with a reciprocal suffix on the verb and an Actor understood or explicited expressed as plural. The plural Actor may appear as a plural pronoun (\ref{bkm:Ref414723974}) or full RP (\ref{bkm:Ref414775363}):
+A: word: mag--ambaļ-anay	 gloss: I.IR-say-REC
+B: word: mag-pa-kasaļ	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-wedding
+C: word: mag-luoy	 gloss: I.IR-swim
+D: word: mag-lumba-ay	 gloss: I.IR-race-REC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 48:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ danen na tama en na mga umang, pa-sugid-an en na kanen an daw Pwikan kisyem sellem mag-lumba-ay dļagan.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3P.ABS LK many CM LK PL hermit.crab T.R-tell-APL CM LK 3S.ABS DEF.M and sea.turtle tomorrow morning I.IR-race-REC run
+The English translation of this sentence is:`When he and many hermit crabs met, (he) told (them) that he and Sea-turtle tomorrow morning would race each other running.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Notice the first word in example \REF{bkm:Ref414775363} carries the reciprocal suffix -ay and also the action nominalization prefix pag{}- (see \chapref{chap:referringexpressions}, \sectref{sec:pag}). The sense of this action nominalization is “seeing each other”, or “meeting together”. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref501776847} and \REF{bkm:Ref501776849} illustrate the same verb with the reciprocal suffix as the main predicator of the clause:
+A: word: pag-kita-ay	 gloss: NR.ACT-see-REC
+B: word: ∅-pa-dagsa-an	 gloss: T.IR-CAUS-wash.ashore-APL
+C: word: pag-kita	 gloss: NR.ACT-see
+D: word: ga-kita-ay	 gloss: I.R-see-REC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 49:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pag-kita-ay danen na tama en na mga umang, pa-sugid-an en na kanen an daw Pwikan kisyem sellem ___ dļagan.
+Gloss (with missing item): NR.ACT-see-REC 3P.ABS LK many CM LK PL hermit.crab T.R-tell-APL CM LK 3S.ABS DEF.M and sea.turtle tomorrow morning ___ run
+The English translation of this sentence is:`When he and many hermit crabs met, (he) told (them) that he and Sea-turtle tomorrow morning would race each other running.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Notice the first word in example \REF{bkm:Ref414775363} carries the reciprocal suffix -ay and also the action nominalization prefix pag{}- (see \chapref{chap:referringexpressions}, \sectref{sec:pag}). The sense of this action nominalization is “seeing each other”, or “meeting together”. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref501776847} and \REF{bkm:Ref501776849} illustrate the same verb with the reciprocal suffix as the main predicator of the clause:
+A: word: mag-lumba-ay	 gloss: I.IR-race-REC
+B: word: mag-luoy	 gloss: I.IR-swim
+C: word: ga-kita-ay	 gloss: I.R-see-REC
+D: word: mag--ambaļ-anay	 gloss: I.IR-say-REC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 50:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Mam, taan sadya kaw pirmi tak ___ kaw ta inyo na mga utod daw arey.
+Gloss (with missing item): Ma’am maybe happy 2P.ABS always because ___ 2P.ABS NABS 2P.GEN LK PL sibling and friend
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Ma’am, maybe you are always happy because you and your siblings and friends are seeing each other.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Notice the first word in example \REF{bkm:Ref414775363} carries the reciprocal suffix -ay and also the action nominalization prefix pag{}- (see \chapref{chap:referringexpressions}, \sectref{sec:pag}). The sense of this action nominalization is “seeing each other”, or “meeting together”. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref501776847} and \REF{bkm:Ref501776849} illustrate the same verb with the reciprocal suffix as the main predicator of the clause:
+A: word: ga-tubang-ay	 gloss: I.R-facing-REC
+B: word: pag-kita-ay	 gloss: NR.ACT-see-REC
+C: word: ga-kita-ay	 gloss: I.R-see-REC
+D: word: ga-sugat-ay	 gloss: I.R-meet-REC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 51:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Nyan na ___ ta bai an.
+Gloss (with missing item): D2ABS LK ___ NABS woman DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Wow! Look at the woman dance!’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, the reciprocal may be used in a special sense when only one participant is acting (\ref{bkm:Ref402683617}-\ref{bkm:Ref118453570}). The free translations of these examples somewhat capture the sense of what this construction expresses, though they are not very literal. A literal translation of \REF{bkm:Ref402683617} would be something like “That is dancing of the woman with each other.” The idea is that the woman is dancing so well or vigorously that it seems as though there are several women dancing together. This is a very productive construction that can involve all kinds of actions and participants.
+A: word: mag-pa-sagod	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-take.care
+B: word: sayaw-ay	 gloss: dance-REC
+C: word: sayaw	 gloss: dance
+D: word: bellay-an	 gloss: tire-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 52:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Nyan na ___ ta libro bata an.
+Gloss (with missing item): D2ABS LK ___ NABS book chld DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Wow! Look at the child reading books!’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, the reciprocal may be used in a special sense when only one participant is acting (\ref{bkm:Ref402683617}-\ref{bkm:Ref118453570}). The free translations of these examples somewhat capture the sense of what this construction expresses, though they are not very literal. A literal translation of \REF{bkm:Ref402683617} would be something like “That is dancing of the woman with each other.” The idea is that the woman is dancing so well or vigorously that it seems as though there are several women dancing together. This is a very productive construction that can involve all kinds of actions and participants.
+A: word: basa-ay	 gloss: read-REC
+B: word: ga-kita-ay	 gloss: I.R-see-REC
+C: word: lawa	 gloss: body
+D: word: basa-en	 gloss: read-T.IR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 53:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Nyan na ___ ta bai an.
+Gloss (with missing item): D2ABS LK ___ NABS woman DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Wow! Look at the woman dance!’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, the reciprocal may be used in a special sense when only one participant is acting (\ref{bkm:Ref402683617}-\ref{bkm:Ref118453570}). The free translations of these examples somewhat capture the sense of what this construction expresses, though they are not very literal. A literal translation of \REF{bkm:Ref402683617} would be something like “That is dancing of the woman with each other.” The idea is that the woman is dancing so well or vigorously that it seems as though there are several women dancing together. This is a very productive construction that can involve all kinds of actions and participants.
+A: word: igma	 gloss: lunch
+B: word: sayaw-ay	 gloss: dance-REC
+C: word: mag-pa-sagod	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-take.care
+D: word: sayaw	 gloss: dance
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+

shuffled_multiple/Kagayanen/min_knowledge_points_12-clausecombining_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Yaken ga-pursigir gid ___ pag-suļat ki kyo aged ma-aļam-an ko man inyo na kaimtangan dyan.
+Gloss (with missing item): 1S.ABS I.R-persevere INT ___ NR.ACT-write OBL.P 2p so.that A.HAP.IR-know-APL 1S.ERG also 2P.GEN LK situation/condition D2LOC
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘As for me (I) really persevered in writing to you so that I also will know your situation there.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:persevere} illustrates the Class VIII verb pursigir ‘persevere’. Class VIII is the class of verbs that requires the applicative suffix -an when it appears in a grammatically transitive form (see \chapref{chap:stemformingprocesses}, \sectref{sec:applicative-an} and \chapref{chap:verbclasses-1}, \sectref{sec:volitionaltransitiveroots}). This verb may occur with an oblique complement when grammatically intransitive \REF{bkm:Ref114840584}. Several complement-the morpheme ___king verbs fall into this grammatical class, as exemplified in \REF{bkm:Ref114842025} and \REF{bkm:Ref114842515}:
+A: word: tak	 gloss: because
+B: word: nusa	 gloss: Nusa
+C: word: ta	 gloss: NABS
+D: word: pag-balik	 gloss: NR.ACT-return
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Kinangļan ∅-bantay-an ta ___ na pag-uli.
+Gloss (with missing item): need T.IRwatch/guard-APL 1P.INCL.ERG ___ LK NR.ACT-go.home
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘It is necessary we watch for their coming home.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:persevere} illustrates the Class VIII verb pursigir ‘persevere’. Class VIII is the class of verbs that requires the applicative suffix -an when it appears in a grammatically transitive form (see \chapref{chap:stemformingprocesses}, \sectref{sec:applicative-an} and \chapref{chap:verbclasses-1}, \sectref{sec:volitionaltransitiveroots}). This verb may occur with an oblique complement when grammatically intransitive \REF{bkm:Ref114840584}. Several complement-taking verbs fall into this grammatical class, as exemplified in \REF{bkm:Ref114842025} and \REF{bkm:Ref114842515}:
+A: word: granada	 gloss: grenade
+B: word: iran	 gloss: 3P.GEN
+C: word: pag-balik	 gloss: NR.ACT-return
+D: word: iya	 gloss: 3S.GEN
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Kinangļan ∅-bantay-an ta iran ___ pag-uli.
+Gloss (with missing item): need T.IRwatch/guard-APL 1P.INCL.ERG 3P.GEN ___ NR.ACT-go.home
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘It is necessary we watch for their coming home.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:persevere} illustrates the Class VIII verb pursigir ‘persevere’. Class VIII is the class of verbs that requires the applicative suffix -an when it appears in a grammatically transitive form (see \chapref{chap:stemformingprocesses}, \sectref{sec:applicative-an} and \chapref{chap:verbclasses-1}, \sectref{sec:volitiothe morpheme ___ltransitiveroots}). This verb may occur with an oblique complement when grammatically intransitive \REF{bkm:Ref114840584}. Several complement-taking verbs fall into this grammatical class, as exemplified in \REF{bkm:Ref114842025} and \REF{bkm:Ref114842515}:
+A: word: pa-bunaļ	 gloss: T.R-spank
+B: word: na-buong	 gloss: A.HAP.R-shatter
+C: word: pag-balik	 gloss: NR.ACT-return
+D: word: na	 gloss: LK
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Manang, mag-tagad kay ___ imo na pag-balik.
+Gloss (with missing item): older.sister I.IR-wait 1P.EXCL.ABS ___ 2S.GEN LK NR.ACT-return
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Older sister, we will wait for your return.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:persevere} illustrates the Class VIII verb pursigir ‘persevere’. Class VIII is the class of verbs that requires the applicative suffix -an when it appears in a grammatically transitive form (see \chapref{chap:stemformingprocesses}, \sectref{sec:applicative-an} and \chapref{chap:verbclasses-1}, \sectref{sec:volitionaltransitiveroots}). This verb may occur with an oblique complement when grammatically intransitive \REF{bkm:Ref114840584}. Several complement-the morpheme ___king verbs fall into this grammatical class, as exemplified in \REF{bkm:Ref114842025} and \REF{bkm:Ref114842515}:
+A: word: mag-luoy	 gloss: I.IR-swim
+B: word: tak	 gloss: because
+C: word: ta	 gloss: NABS
+D: word: nusa	 gloss: Nusa
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Manang, mag-tagad kay ta ___ na pag-balik.
+Gloss (with missing item): older.sister I.IR-wait 1P.EXCL.ABS NABS ___ LK NR.ACT-return
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Older sister, we will wait for your return.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:persevere} illustrates the Class VIII verb pursigir ‘persevere’. Class VIII is the class of verbs that requires the applicative suffix -an when it appears in a grammatically transitive form (see \chapref{chap:stemformingprocesses}, \sectref{sec:applicative-an} and \chapref{chap:verbclasses-1}, \sectref{sec:volitionaltransitiveroots}). This verb may occur with an oblique complement when grammatically intransitive \REF{bkm:Ref114840584}. Several complement-taking verbs fall into this grammatical class, as exemplified in \REF{bkm:Ref114842025} and \REF{bkm:Ref114842515}:
+A: word: pag-tanem	 gloss: NR.ACT-plant
+B: word: ma-imo	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-make
+C: word: imo	 gloss: 2S.GEN
+D: word: pag-kita	 gloss: NR.ACT-see
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Manang, mag-tagad kay ta imo ___ pag-balik.
+Gloss (with missing item): older.sister I.IR-wait 1P.EXCL.ABS NABS 2S.GEN ___ NR.ACT-return
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Older sister, we will wait for your return.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{ex:persevere} illustrates the Class VIII verb pursigir ‘persevere’. Class VIII is the class of verbs that requires the applicative suffix -an when it appears in a grammatically transitive form (see \chapref{chap:stemformingprocesses}, \sectref{sec:applicative-an} and \chapref{chap:verbclasses-1}, \sectref{sec:volitiothe morpheme ___ltransitiveroots}). This verb may occur with an oblique complement when grammatically intransitive \REF{bkm:Ref114840584}. Several complement-taking verbs fall into this grammatical class, as exemplified in \REF{bkm:Ref114842025} and \REF{bkm:Ref114842515}:
+A: word: imo	 gloss: EMPH
+B: word: na	 gloss: LK
+C: word: pa-bunaļ	 gloss: T.R-spank
+D: word: na-buong	 gloss: A.HAP.R-shatter
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ta sunod na adlaw ga-kuyog kay man ___ tak ga-linaw pa.
+Gloss (with missing item): NABS follow LK sun/day I.R-go.with 1P.EXCL.ABS too ___ because I.R-calm INC
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The next day we went with (them) when returning because (the weather was) becoming calm.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \hspace*{-.4pt}Sometimes the ta marker cannot easily occur with nominalized adjunct clauses, depending on the context of the conversation. In example, in \REF{bkm:Ref474577631a} the adverbial pag{}- clause expresses a simultaneous event. In this context the ta preposition sounds very awkward \REF{bkm:Ref474577631b}:
+A: word: pag-balik	 gloss: NR.ACT-return
+B: word: maka-balik	 gloss: I.HAP.IR-return
+C: word: pag-kita-ay	 gloss: NR.ACT-see-REC
+D: word: pag-tanem	 gloss: NR.ACT-plant
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Adlek a ___ mag-luoy ta dagat.
+Gloss (with missing item): fear 1S.ABS ___ I.IR-swim NABS sea
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I am afraid whenever swimming in the sea.’ (Any time.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Subjunctive complement clauses normally follow the linker the morpheme ___ functioning as a complementizer (see examples and discussion below). However, they absolutely may not be preceded by the non-absolutive prenomithe morpheme ___l case marker ta. In other words, they are not ergative or oblique complements. In the examples in \REF{bkm:Ref474418733}, a subjunctive clause follows the stative root adlek ‘be afraid’, and describes the source of the speaker’s fear. Example \REF{bkm:Ref474418733a} is in the basic intransitive, irrealis form, while \REF{bkm:Ref474418733b} is in the marked necessarily volitiothe morpheme ___l form. The difference in meaning expressed by these two prefixes is reflected in the free translations. Fithe morpheme ___lly, \REF{bkm:Ref474418733c} illustrates that the verb following the morpheme ___ may not occur in the realis form, and thus is not fully finite:
+A: word: pa-bunaļ	 gloss: T.R-spank
+B: word: tenged	 gloss: because
+C: word: na	 gloss: LK
+D: word: na-buong	 gloss: A.HAP.R-shatter
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Adlek a na ___ ta dagat.
+Gloss (with missing item): fear 1S.ABS LK ___ NABS sea
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I am afraid whenever swimming in the sea.’ (Any time.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Subjunctive complement clauses normally follow the linker na functioning as a complementizer (see examples and discussion below). However, they absolutely may not be preceded by the non-absolutive prenominal case marker ta. In other words, they are not ergative or oblique complements. In the examples in \REF{bkm:Ref474418733}, a subjunctive clause follows the stative root adlek ‘be afraid’, and describes the source of the speaker’s fear. Example \REF{bkm:Ref474418733a} is in the basic intransitive, irrealis form, while \REF{bkm:Ref474418733b} is in the marked necessarily volitional form. The difference in meaning expressed by these two prefixes is reflected in the free translations. Finally, \REF{bkm:Ref474418733c} illustrates that the verb following na may not occur in the realis form, and thus is not fully finite:
+A: word: m-luoy	 gloss: I.V.IR-swim
+B: word: pag-tanem	 gloss: NR.ACT-plant
+C: word: mag-luoy	 gloss: I.IR-swim
+D: word: mag-lumba-ay	 gloss: I.IR-race-REC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Adlek a na mag-luoy ___ dagat.
+Gloss (with missing item): fear 1S.ABS LK I.IR-swim ___ sea
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I am afraid whenever swimming in the sea.’ (Any time.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Subjunctive complement clauses normally follow the linker na functioning as a complementizer (see examples and discussion below). However, they absolutely may not be preceded by the non-absolutive prenominal case marker the morpheme ___. In other words, they are not ergative or oblique complements. In the examples in \REF{bkm:Ref474418733}, a subjunctive clause follows the sthe morpheme ___tive root adlek ‘be afraid’, and describes the source of the speaker’s fear. Example \REF{bkm:Ref474418733a} is in the basic intransitive, irrealis form, while \REF{bkm:Ref474418733b} is in the marked necessarily volitional form. The difference in meaning expressed by these two prefixes is reflected in the free translations. Finally, \REF{bkm:Ref474418733c} illustrates that the verb following na may not occur in the realis form, and thus is not fully finite:
+A: word: tak	 gloss: because
+B: word: ta	 gloss: NABS
+C: word: pag-tanem	 gloss: NR.ACT-plant
+D: word: nusa	 gloss: Nusa
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Adlek a ___ m-luoy ta dagat.
+Gloss (with missing item): fear 1S.ABS ___ I.V.IR-swim NABS sea
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I am afraid to swim in the sea.’ (Right now.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Subjunctive complement clauses normally follow the linker the morpheme ___ functioning as a complementizer (see examples and discussion below). However, they absolutely may not be preceded by the non-absolutive prenomithe morpheme ___l case marker ta. In other words, they are not ergative or oblique complements. In the examples in \REF{bkm:Ref474418733}, a subjunctive clause follows the stative root adlek ‘be afraid’, and describes the source of the speaker’s fear. Example \REF{bkm:Ref474418733a} is in the basic intransitive, irrealis form, while \REF{bkm:Ref474418733b} is in the marked necessarily volitiothe morpheme ___l form. The difference in meaning expressed by these two prefixes is reflected in the free translations. Fithe morpheme ___lly, \REF{bkm:Ref474418733c} illustrates that the verb following the morpheme ___ may not occur in the realis form, and thus is not fully finite:
+A: word: na	 gloss: LK
+B: word: pa-bunaļ	 gloss: T.R-spank
+C: word: na-buong	 gloss: A.HAP.R-shatter
+D: word: pag-tanem	 gloss: NR.ACT-plant
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Adlek a na ___ ta dagat.
+Gloss (with missing item): fear 1S.ABS LK ___ NABS sea
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I am afraid to swim in the sea.’ (Right now.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Subjunctive complement clauses normally follow the linker na functioning as a complementizer (see examples and discussion below). However, they absolutely may not be preceded by the non-absolutive prenominal case marker ta. In other words, they are not ergative or oblique complements. In the examples in \REF{bkm:Ref474418733}, a subjunctive clause follows the stative root adlek ‘be afraid’, and describes the source of the speaker’s fear. Example \REF{bkm:Ref474418733a} is in the basic intransitive, irrealis form, while \REF{bkm:Ref474418733b} is in the marked necessarily volitional form. The difference in meaning expressed by these two prefixes is reflected in the free translations. Finally, \REF{bkm:Ref474418733c} illustrates that the verb following na may not occur in the realis form, and thus is not fully finite:
+A: word: mag-luoy	 gloss: I.IR-swim
+B: word: tumbuan	 gloss: window
+C: word: m-luoy	 gloss: I.V.IR-swim
+D: word: tenged	 gloss: because
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Adlek a na m-luoy ___ dagat.
+Gloss (with missing item): fear 1S.ABS LK I.V.IR-swim ___ sea
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I am afraid to swim in the sea.’ (Right now.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Subjunctive complement clauses normally follow the linker na functioning as a complementizer (see examples and discussion below). However, they absolutely may not be preceded by the non-absolutive prenominal case marker the morpheme ___. In other words, they are not ergative or oblique complements. In the examples in \REF{bkm:Ref474418733}, a subjunctive clause follows the sthe morpheme ___tive root adlek ‘be afraid’, and describes the source of the speaker’s fear. Example \REF{bkm:Ref474418733a} is in the basic intransitive, irrealis form, while \REF{bkm:Ref474418733b} is in the marked necessarily volitional form. The difference in meaning expressed by these two prefixes is reflected in the free translations. Finally, \REF{bkm:Ref474418733c} illustrates that the verb following na may not occur in the realis form, and thus is not fully finite:
+A: word: pag-tanem	 gloss: NR.ACT-plant
+B: word: ta	 gloss: NABS
+C: word: tak	 gloss: because
+D: word: nusa	 gloss: Nusa
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): May sise man en na improvar ame na lugar ___ ta pag-tanem ta guso.
+Gloss (with missing item): EXT.IN small too CM LK improve 1P.EXCL.GEN LK place ___ NABS NR.ACT-plant NABS seaweed.
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Our place has a little improvement because of planting agar seaweed.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Of the three reason clause introducers, tak, kumo, and the morpheme ___, only the morpheme ___ ‘can introduce a non-finite, nominalized, clause (\ref{bkm:Ref116287582}; see \sectref{bkm:Ref115861741}) or a RE \REF{bkm:Ref116287610}:
+A: word: tenged	 gloss: because
+B: word: man-o	 gloss: why
+C: word: mag-luoy	 gloss: I.IR-swim
+D: word: te-tenga	 gloss: RED-middle
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): May sise man en na improvar ame na lugar tenged ___ pag-tanem ta guso.
+Gloss (with missing item): EXT.IN small too CM LK improve 1P.EXCL.GEN LK place because ___ NR.ACT-plant NABS seaweed.
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Our place has a little improvement because of planting agar seaweed.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Of the three reason clause introducers, the morpheme ___k, kumo, and tenged, only tenged ‘can introduce a non-finite, nominalized, clause (\ref{bkm:Ref116287582}; see \sectref{bkm:Ref115861741}) or a RE \REF{bkm:Ref116287610}:
+A: word: tak	 gloss: because
+B: word: nusa	 gloss: Nusa
+C: word: pag-balik	 gloss: NR.ACT-return
+D: word: ta	 gloss: NABS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): May sise man en na improvar ame na lugar tenged ta ___ ta guso.
+Gloss (with missing item): EXT.IN small too CM LK improve 1P.EXCL.GEN LK place because NABS ___ NABS seaweed.
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Our place has a little improvement because of planting agar seaweed.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Of the three reason clause introducers, tak, kumo, and tenged, only tenged ‘can introduce a non-finite, nominalized, clause (\ref{bkm:Ref116287582}; see \sectref{bkm:Ref115861741}) or a RE \REF{bkm:Ref116287610}:
+A: word: mag-luoy	 gloss: I.IR-swim
+B: word: (pag)-tanem	 gloss: (NR.ACT-)plant
+C: word: ma-ng-tanem	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-plant
+D: word: pag-tanem	 gloss: NR.ACT-plant
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): May sise man en na improvar ame na lugar tenged ta pag-tanem ___ guso.
+Gloss (with missing item): EXT.IN small too CM LK improve 1P.EXCL.GEN LK place because NABS NR.ACT-plant ___ seaweed.
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Our place has a little improvement because of planting agar seaweed.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Of the three reason clause introducers, the morpheme ___k, kumo, and tenged, only tenged ‘can introduce a non-finite, nominalized, clause (\ref{bkm:Ref116287582}; see \sectref{bkm:Ref115861741}) or a RE \REF{bkm:Ref116287610}:
+A: word: nusa	 gloss: Nusa
+B: word: pag-tanem	 gloss: NR.ACT-plant
+C: word: ta	 gloss: NABS
+D: word: tak	 gloss: because
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+

shuffled_multiple/Kagayanen/min_knowledge_points_5-non-verbal-clauses_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ki kanen kalaw no an.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ OBL.P 3s winnow.basket 2S.GEN DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he has your winnowing basket.’ (lit. ‘Your winnowing basket is with/on/at him/her.’)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The locational non-verbal construction serves as the basis for the second type of predicative possession. This is an instance of the “locational possessive”\is{locational possessive constructions} type \citep[47]{stassen2009}, which is the most common type exhibited in the languages in Stassen’s sample. In Kagayanen, the locational possessive construction normally expresses \isi{temporary possession}. The predicate of this construction consists of a locative phrase initiated by the spatial demonstrative the morpheme ___, with idiolectical variants yaan and nyaan ({\ref{bkm:Ref251934246}-\ref{ex:elementaryschool}}). Naan is the most common variant of the \isi{spatial demonstrative}, followed by yaan, and then nyaan. There are no examples of nyaan in locational possessive constructions in the corpus. All variants are equivalent in meaning and can be substituted for one another in the following examples. A thorough study is needed to determine any sociolinguistic or topolectical patterns to their usages.
+A: word: pag-kaan	 gloss: NR.ACT-eat
+B: word: naan	 gloss: SPAT.DEF
+C: word: gasakay	 gloss: I.R-ride
+D: word: ya"	 gloss: DEF.F
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+

shuffled_multiple/Kagayanen/min_knowledge_points_7-stemforming_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,572 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ubra ta ake na amay ___ nang daw ma-kwa ta guso ma-ng-tanem, ma-ng-uma.
+Gloss (with missing item): work NABS 1S.GEN LK father ___ only/just and A.HAP.IR-whachamacallit NABS seaweed A.HAP.IR-PL-plant A.HAP.IR-PL-field
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The work of my father is to spear fish, to whatchamacallit, to plant agar-agar seaweed, to farm.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb tanem ‘to plant’, as in examples \REF{bkm:Ref447198515} and \REF{bkm:Ref444336178}, often takes the pluraction prefix. This is because planting necessarily involves multiple, repetitive actions. Thus, even if one person is planting, the pluraction prefix may be used (example \ref{bkm:Ref447198515}). A verb may optionally take the pluraction prefix when several actors perform the same intransitive action individually (examples \ref{bkm:Ref444336178} and \ref{bkm:Ref394988295}):
+A: word: ma-bali	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-break
+B: word: tunaw-en	 gloss: dissolve-T.IR
+C: word: ga-ng-tampara	 gloss: I.R-PL-goggles
+D: word: ma-ng-tampara	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-goggles
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ubra ta ake na amay ma-ng-tampara nang daw ma-kwa ta guso ___ ma-ng-uma.
+Gloss (with missing item): work NABS 1S.GEN LK father A.HAP.IR-PL-goggles only/just and A.HAP.IR-whachamacallit NABS seaweed ___ A.HAP.IR-PL-field
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The work of my father is to spear fish, to whatchamacallit, to plant agar-agar seaweed, to farm.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb tanem ‘to plant’, as in examples \REF{bkm:Ref447198515} and \REF{bkm:Ref444336178}, often takes the pluraction prefix. This is because planting necessarily involves multiple, repetitive actions. Thus, even if one person is planting, the pluraction prefix may be used (example \ref{bkm:Ref447198515}). A verb may optionally take the pluraction prefix when several actors perform the same intransitive action individually (examples \ref{bkm:Ref444336178} and \ref{bkm:Ref394988295}):
+A: word: ma-ng-tanem	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-plant
+B: word: ga-ng-tanem	 gloss: I.R-PL-plant
+C: word: pa-panno-an	 gloss: T.R-fill-APL
+D: word: na-tanem-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-plant-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Tapos duma an ___ ta guso tak uļa iskwila.
+Gloss (with missing item): then other DEF.M ___ NABS seaweed because NEG.R school
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Then the other (students) were planting agar-agar seaweed because there is no school (in session).’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb tanem ‘to plant’, as in examples \REF{bkm:Ref447198515} and \REF{bkm:Ref444336178}, often takes the pluraction prefix. This is because planting necessarily involves multiple, repetitive actions. Thus, even if one person is planting, the pluraction prefix may be used (example \ref{bkm:Ref447198515}). A verb may optionally take the pluraction prefix when several actors perform the same intransitive action individually (examples \ref{bkm:Ref444336178} and \ref{bkm:Ref394988295}):
+A: word: ma-ng-tanem	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-plant
+B: word: ga-tanem	 gloss: T.R-plant
+C: word: ga-ng-tanem	 gloss: I.R-PL-plant
+D: word: pa-tunaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-dissolve-T.IR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ubra ta ake na amay ___ nang daw ma-kwa ta guso ma-ng-tanem, ma-ng-uma.
+Gloss (with missing item): work NABS 1S.GEN LK father ___ only/just and A.HAP.IR-whachamacallit NABS seaweed A.HAP.IR-PL-plant A.HAP.IR-PL-field
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The work of my father is to spear fish, to whatchamacallit, to plant agar-agar seaweed, to farm.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb tanem ‘to plant’, as in examples \REF{bkm:Ref447198515} and \REF{bkm:Ref444336178}, often takes the pluraction prefix. This is because planting necessarily involves multiple, repetitive actions. Thus, even if one person is planting, the pluraction prefix may be used (example \ref{bkm:Ref447198515}). A verb may optionally take the pluraction prefix when several actors perform the same intransitive action individually (examples \ref{bkm:Ref444336178} and \ref{bkm:Ref394988295}):
+A: word: ma-ng-tampara	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-goggles
+B: word: ka-darwa	 gloss: ORD-two
+C: word: ga-ng-tampara	 gloss: I.R-PL-goggles
+D: word: ga-palangga-ay	 gloss: I.R-love-REC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ubra ta ake na amay ma-ng-tampara nang daw ma-kwa ta guso ___ ma-ng-uma.
+Gloss (with missing item): work NABS 1S.GEN LK father A.HAP.IR-PL-goggles only/just and A.HAP.IR-whachamacallit NABS seaweed ___ A.HAP.IR-PL-field
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The work of my father is to spear fish, to whatchamacallit, to plant agar-agar seaweed, to farm.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb tanem ‘to plant’, as in examples \REF{bkm:Ref447198515} and \REF{bkm:Ref444336178}, often takes the pluraction prefix. This is because planting necessarily involves multiple, repetitive actions. Thus, even if one person is planting, the pluraction prefix may be used (example \ref{bkm:Ref447198515}). A verb may optionally take the pluraction prefix when several actors perform the same intransitive action individually (examples \ref{bkm:Ref444336178} and \ref{bkm:Ref394988295}):
+A: word: ma-ng-tanem	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-plant
+B: word: ga-ng-tanem	 gloss: I.R-PL-plant
+C: word: na-panno-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-fill-APL
+D: word: na-tanem-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-plant-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Tapos duma an ___ ta guso tak uļa iskwila.
+Gloss (with missing item): then other DEF.M ___ NABS seaweed because NEG.R school
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Then the other (students) were planting agar-agar seaweed because there is no school (in session).’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb tanem ‘to plant’, as in examples \REF{bkm:Ref447198515} and \REF{bkm:Ref444336178}, often takes the pluraction prefix. This is because planting necessarily involves multiple, repetitive actions. Thus, even if one person is planting, the pluraction prefix may be used (example \ref{bkm:Ref447198515}). A verb may optionally take the pluraction prefix when several actors perform the same intransitive action individually (examples \ref{bkm:Ref444336178} and \ref{bkm:Ref394988295}):
+A: word: ma-ng-tanem	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-plant
+B: word: pa-panno-an	 gloss: T.R-fill-APL
+C: word: ga-tanem	 gloss: T.R-plant
+D: word: ga-ng-tanem	 gloss: I.R-PL-plant
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ubra ta ake na amay ___ nang daw ma-kwa ta guso ma-ng-tanem, ma-ng-uma.
+Gloss (with missing item): work NABS 1S.GEN LK father ___ only/just and A.HAP.IR-whachamacallit NABS seaweed A.HAP.IR-PL-plant A.HAP.IR-PL-field
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The work of my father is to spear fish, to whatchamacallit, to plant agar-agar seaweed, to farm.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Since pluractionality is only expressed in grammatically intransitive constructions, it does not occur with the transitive, realis pa{}-. When it occurs with the ambitransitive happenstantial prefixes, na{}- and ma{}-, the construction must be understood as grammatically intransitive (see examples \ref{bkm:Ref447198515} and \ref{bkm:Ref444336178} above).
+A: word: pag-pa-dayon	 gloss: NR.ACT-CAUS-continue
+B: word: ga-ng-tampara	 gloss: I.R-PL-goggles
+C: word: ma-ng-tampara	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-goggles
+D: word: ga-palangga-ay	 gloss: I.R-love-REC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ubra ta ake na amay ma-ng-tampara nang daw ma-kwa ta guso ___ ma-ng-uma.
+Gloss (with missing item): work NABS 1S.GEN LK father A.HAP.IR-PL-goggles only/just and A.HAP.IR-whachamacallit NABS seaweed ___ A.HAP.IR-PL-field
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The work of my father is to spear fish, to whatchamacallit, to plant agar-agar seaweed, to farm.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Since pluractionality is only expressed in grammatically intransitive constructions, it does not occur with the transitive, realis pa{}-. When it occurs with the ambitransitive happenstantial prefixes, na{}- and ma{}-, the construction must be understood as grammatically intransitive (see examples \ref{bkm:Ref447198515} and \ref{bkm:Ref444336178} above).
+A: word: ga-ng-tanem	 gloss: I.R-PL-plant
+B: word: na-tanem-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-plant-APL
+C: word: na-panno-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-fill-APL
+D: word: ma-ng-tanem	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-plant
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Tapos duma an ___ ta guso tak uļa iskwila.
+Gloss (with missing item): then other DEF.M ___ NABS seaweed because NEG.R school
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Then the other (students) were planting agar-agar seaweed because there is no school (in session).’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Since pluractionality is only expressed in grammatically intransitive constructions, it does not occur with the transitive, realis pa{}-. When it occurs with the ambitransitive happenstantial prefixes, na{}- and ma{}-, the construction must be understood as grammatically intransitive (see examples \ref{bkm:Ref447198515} and \ref{bkm:Ref444336178} above).
+A: word: ga-ng-tanem	 gloss: I.R-PL-plant
+B: word: pa-lebbeng	 gloss: T.R-bury
+C: word: ga-tanem	 gloss: T.R-plant
+D: word: ma-ng-tanem	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-plant
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Sunod i eman na mga adlaw sidda na utang\sim{}utang ___ isab.
+Gloss (with missing item): next DEF.N again.as.before LK PL day/sun fish LK RED\simborrow.money ___ again
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The next days again, as before, the fish (called) always-debting was able again to make debts.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In example \REF{bkm:Ref394988618} the pluraction prefix is used on the verb utang ‘to borrow money’ because this fish was in the habit of making debts, and in the discourse context he enabled himself to make many debts again by changing his appearance:
+A: word: na-ŋ-pasyar	 gloss: A.HAP.R-PL-visit
+B: word: na-ng-utang	 gloss: A.HAP.R-PL-borrow.money
+C: word: ga-ng-tampara	 gloss: I.R-PL-goggles
+D: word: pa-lebbeng-an	 gloss: T.R-bury-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ta nanay din suman an kani.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NABS mother 3SGEN sticky.rice.cake DEF.M later
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘His/her mother will cook the sticky rice cake later.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The stem-forming prefix pa{}- adds a causative sense to any verb root. The result is an inherently transitive stem that can then be inflected with any of the inflectional affixes discussed in \chapref{chap:verbstructure}. Such morphological causatives are discussed from a function-first perspective, along with other types of causatives, in \chapref{chap:voice}, \sectref{sec:causatives}. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref397062399} and \REF{bkm:Ref444336543} illustrate dynamic non-causative and corresponding causative constructions:
+A: word: luto-en	 gloss: cook-T.IR
+B: word: ∅-luto-an	 gloss: T.IR-cook-APL
+C: word: pa-luto-en	 gloss: CAUS-cook-T.IR
+D: word: na-ng-utang	 gloss: A.HAP.R-PL-borrow.money
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ kanen ta nanay din ta suman kani.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ABS NABS mother 3S.GEN NABS sticky.rice.cake later
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘His/her mother will have him/her cook the sticky rice cake later.
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \footnotetext{The detransitive (actor voice) construction is often used when an ergative element needs to occur in the absolutive form for purposes of relativization, or, as in this elicited example based on example \REF{bkm:Ref395074775}, when the causer is fronted for contrastive/focal prominence (see \chapref{chap:voice}, \sectref{sec:causatives}).}
+A: word: pa-luto-en	 gloss: CAUS-cook-T.IR
+B: word: pa-leddang-en	 gloss: CAUS-sink-T.IR
+C: word: ma-ng-tampara	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-goggles
+D: word: pa-luto	 gloss: T.R-cook
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ko antibiotic ya.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1S.ERG antibiotics DEF.F
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I took the antibiotics.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although the verb forms are identical in examples \REF{bkm:Ref362342951} and \REF{bkm:Ref122954287}, \REF{bkm:Ref122954287} is clearly the causative because of the construction in which it appears. The midwife is the ergative case agent of cause, and the speaker is the absolutive case causee. As a non-causative this would have to mean ‘The midwife took me (as medicine)’, which is pragmatically nonsensical. Furthermore, the verb form papatumar, with both pa{}- prefixes present, may replace the verb in \REF{bkm:Ref122954287} but not in \REF{bkm:Ref362342951}. When both prefixes occur, the effect is to make the causative notion more forceful or more direct. The causer is the one initiating and forcing the causee to perform the action either with words, threats of punishment or physical force. The causee does not have a choice to perform the action or not.
+A: word: pa-tumar	 gloss: T.R-take.meds
+B: word: pa-pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-dissolve
+C: word: ga-pa-buļong	 gloss: I.R-CAUS-medicine
+D: word: pa-tumba	 gloss: T.R-fall.over
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ko antibiotic ya.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1S.ERG antibiotics DEF.F
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I took the antibiotics.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although the verb forms are identical in examples \REF{bkm:Ref362342951} and \REF{bkm:Ref122954287}, \REF{bkm:Ref122954287} is clearly the causative because of the construction in which it appears. The midwife is the ergative case agent of cause, and the speaker is the absolutive case causee. As a non-causative this would have to mean ‘The midwife took me (as medicine)’, which is pragmatically nonsensical. Furthermore, the verb form papatumar, with both pa{}- prefixes present, may replace the verb in \REF{bkm:Ref122954287} but not in \REF{bkm:Ref362342951}. When both prefixes occur, the effect is to make the causative notion more forceful or more direct. The causer is the one initiating and forcing the causee to perform the action either with words, threats of punishment or physical force. The causee does not have a choice to perform the action or not.
+A: word: pa-tumba	 gloss: T.R-fall.over
+B: word: ma-ng-tanem	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-plant
+C: word: pa-tumar	 gloss: T.R-take.meds
+D: word: ga-pa-buļong	 gloss: I.R-CAUS-medicine
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Bag-o ko ___ ake na suļat, liag ko anay …-pa-abot ko a miad na adlaw ki kaon.
+Gloss (with missing item): before 1S.ERG ___ 1S.GEN LK letter want 1S.ERG first/for.awhile T.IR-CAUS-arrive 1S.ERG INJ good LK day/sun OBL.P 2s
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Before I make my letter long, I want to first wish you a good day.’ (This is a common way to begin a letter in Kagayanen, literally: ... I cause a good day to reach you.’)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: These roots can also occur with the overt causative prefix. Example \REF{bkm:Ref395081078} illustrates the root mļangkaw/ļangkaw with the causative prefix and transitive irrealis suffix:
+A: word: ļangkaw	 gloss: long
+B: word: pa-leddang-en	 gloss: CAUS-sink-T.IR
+C: word: pa-ļangkaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-long-T.IR
+D: word: ma-ng-tanem	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-plant
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ tubuyong an.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ manioc.flour DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘This manioc flour has dissolved.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref395110780} illustrates the non-volitional intransitive verb tunaw ‘melt/dissolve’ in its basic usage.
+A: word: pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-dissolve
+B: word: ga-larga	 gloss: I.R-depart
+C: word: pa-pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-dissolve
+D: word: na-tunaw	 gloss: A.HAP.R-dissolve
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ no anay tubuyong an para pang-miroļ.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2S.ERG first/for.awhile manioc.flour DEF.M for INST-starch
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Dissolve please the manioc flour for use as starch.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{bkm:Ref395110927} and \REF{bkm:Ref122956811}, this same root is used transitively with transitive irrealis and transitive realis affixation respectively. The effect is a causative interpretation (`cause to dissolve'), even though the causative prefix does not appear.
+A: word: ga-tingaļa	 gloss: I.R-wonder
+B: word: pa-tunaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-dissolve-T.IR
+C: word: tunaw-en	 gloss: dissolve-T.IR
+D: word: pa-atag	 gloss: T.R-give
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 17:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din tubuyong an para pang-miroļ.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG manioc.flour DEF.M for INST-starch
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he dissolved the manioc flour for use as starch.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{bkm:Ref395110927} and \REF{bkm:Ref122956811}, this same root is used transitively with transitive irrealis and transitive realis affixation respectively. The effect is a causative interpretation (`cause to dissolve'), even though the causative prefix does not appear.
+A: word: pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-dissolve
+B: word: pa-tunaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-dissolve-T.IR
+C: word: pa-pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-dissolve
+D: word: pa-dawat-a	 gloss: T.R-hand.to-XC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 18:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din tubuyong an para pang-miroļ.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG manioc.flour DEF.M for INST-starch
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he dissolved the manioc flour for use as starch.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are at least two pieces of evidence that show that the pa{}- prefix in example \REF{bkm:Ref122956811} is the transitive, realis pa{}- and not the causative. First, the transitive irrealis form is used in example \REF{bkm:Ref395110927} with the same set of argument roles (Causer-ergative, patient-absolutive). Second, this verb may also take the causative prefix, in which case the effect is an indirect causative of a causative:
+A: word: pa-tunaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-dissolve-T.IR
+B: word: pa-pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-dissolve
+C: word: pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-dissolve
+D: word: pa-ļangkaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-long-T.IR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 19:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ no anay tubuyong an para pang-miroļ.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2S.ERG first/for.awhile manioc.flour DEF.M for INST-starch
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Dissolve please the manioc flour for use as starch.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are at least two pieces of evidence that show that the pa{}- prefix in example \REF{bkm:Ref122956811} is the transitive, realis pa{}- and not the causative. First, the transitive irrealis form is used in example \REF{bkm:Ref395110927} with the same set of argument roles (Causer-ergative, patient-absolutive). Second, this verb may also take the causative prefix, in which case the effect is an indirect causative of a causative:
+A: word: tunaw-en	 gloss: dissolve-T.IR
+B: word: “m-larga	 gloss: I.V.IR-depart
+C: word: pa-tunaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-dissolve-T.IR
+D: word: ga-kaan	 gloss: I.R-eat
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 20:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ no anay ki kanen tubuyong an.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2S.ERG first/for.awhile OBL.P 3s manioc.flour DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Please have him/her dissolve the manioc flour.’ (e.g., ‘Cause him/her to cause the manioc flour to dissolve.’)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In these examples the roles are Causer=ergative, patient=absolutive, causee=ob\-lique. In other words, examples \REF{bkm:Ref395126311} and \REF{bkm:Ref122957467} are morphological causatives of the lexical (patient-preserving) causative roots illustrated in \REF{bkm:Ref395110927} and \REF{bkm:Ref122956811} respectively.
+A: word: pa-pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-dissolve
+B: word: ga-kaan	 gloss: I.R-eat
+C: word: pa-tunaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-dissolve-T.IR
+D: word: tunaw-en	 gloss: dissolve-T.IR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 21:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din ki yaken tubuyong an.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG OBL.P 1s manioc.flour DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he had me dissolve the manioc flour.’ (e.g. ‘S/he caused me to cause the manioc flour to dissolve.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In these examples the roles are Causer=ergative, patient=absolutive, causee=ob\-lique. In other words, examples \REF{bkm:Ref395126311} and \REF{bkm:Ref122957467} are morphological causatives of the lexical (patient-preserving) causative roots illustrated in \REF{bkm:Ref395110927} and \REF{bkm:Ref122956811} respectively.
+A: word: pa-tunaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-dissolve-T.IR
+B: word: pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-dissolve
+C: word: pa-pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-dissolve
+D: word: pa-dawat-a	 gloss: T.R-hand.to-XC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 22:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ no anay tubuyong an para pang-miroļ.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2S.ERG first/for.awhile manioc.flour DEF.M for INST-starch
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Dissolve please the manioc flour for use as starch.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In these examples the roles are Causer=ergative, patient=absolutive, causee=ob\-lique. In other words, examples \REF{bkm:Ref395126311} and \REF{bkm:Ref122957467} are morphological causatives of the lexical (patient-preserving) causative roots illustrated in \REF{bkm:Ref395110927} and \REF{bkm:Ref122956811} respectively.
+A: word: kinangļan	 gloss: need
+B: word: pa-tunaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-dissolve-T.IR
+C: word: tunaw-en	 gloss: dissolve-T.IR
+D: word: luto-en	 gloss: cook-T.IR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 23:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din tubuyong an para pang-miroļ.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG manioc.flour DEF.M for INST-starch
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he dissolved the manioc flour for use as starch.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In these examples the roles are Causer=ergative, patient=absolutive, causee=ob\-lique. In other words, examples \REF{bkm:Ref395126311} and \REF{bkm:Ref122957467} are morphological causatives of the lexical (patient-preserving) causative roots illustrated in \REF{bkm:Ref395110927} and \REF{bkm:Ref122956811} respectively.
+A: word: pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-dissolve
+B: word: pa-pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-dissolve
+C: word: ma-ng-tampara	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-goggles
+D: word: pa-tunaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-dissolve-T.IR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 24:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Sakon ya ___ naan ta Pasig River.
+Gloss (with missing item): whale DEF.F ___ SPAT.DEF NABS Pasig River
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The whale happened to wash ashore in the Pasig River.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref395170605} is a non-volitional intransitive construction, while \REF{bkm:Ref395170609} is the applicative equivalent:
+A: word: pa-tunaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-dissolve-T.IR
+B: word: na-dagsa-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-wash.ashore-APL
+C: word: bļatong	 gloss: string.bean
+D: word: na-dagsa	 gloss: A.HAP.R-wash.ashore
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 25:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ta sakon Pasig River ya.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NABS whale Pasig River DEF.F
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The whale happened to wash ashore in the Pasig River.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref395170605} is a non-volitional intransitive construction, while \REF{bkm:Ref395170609} is the applicative equivalent:
+A: word: ∅-pa-dagsa-an	 gloss: T.IR-CAUS-wash.ashore-APL
+B: word: na-dagsa-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-wash.ashore-APL
+C: word: na-dagsa	 gloss: A.HAP.R-wash.ashore
+D: word: ma-ng-tanem	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-plant
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 26:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ta sakon Pasig River ya.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NABS whale Pasig River DEF.F
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The whale happened to wash ashore in the Pasig River.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In example \REF{bkm:Ref395170609}, the Pasig River lacks the non-absolutive prenominal case marker ta. This indicates that it is in the absolutive case. Meanwhile the whale is no longer absolutive, but is now marked with ta. We may say that in this case, the non-absolutive role is ergative. Unfortunately, there is no natural way to reflect the difference in meaning expressed by this “advancement” to absolutive status of a locative participant in the English free translation, literally: `The whale washed-ashore-on the Pasig river,' or `the whale affected the Pasig river by washing ashore,' or `The Pasig river was washed upon by the whale.'
+A: word: ∅-pa-dagsa-an	 gloss: T.IR-CAUS-wash.ashore-APL
+B: word: na-dagsa-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-wash.ashore-APL
+C: word: ga-kaan	 gloss: I.R-eat
+D: word: na-dagsa	 gloss: A.HAP.R-wash.ashore
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 27:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ta dason na adlaw ake na lola ___ nay ta patyo.
+Gloss (with missing item): NABS next LK day/sun 1S.GEN LK grandmother ___ 1P.EXCL.ERG NABS cemetery
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The next day we buried my grandmother in the cemetery.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In example \REF{bkm:Ref395171864}, the inherently transitive verb lebbeng ‘bury’ is used in a grammatically transitive, non-applicative clause with an Actor in the ergative role, Undergoer (patient) in the absolutive role and a location, ta patyo, ‘in the cemetery’, in an oblique role:
+A: word: bugnaw	 gloss: cold
+B: word: mag--ambaļ-anay	 gloss: I.IR-say-REC
+C: word: pa-lebbeng-an	 gloss: T.R-bury-APL
+D: word: pa-lebbeng	 gloss: T.R-bury
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 28:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ nay patyo an ta mga patay.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1P.EXCL.ERG cemetery DEF.M NABS PL dead
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘We buried the dead in the cemetery.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In example \REF{bkm:Ref395171866}, the same verb is used with the applicative suffix. In this case the cemetery is the absolutive, while the patient argument, ta mga patay ‘the dead ones’ is in a non-absolutive role. The actor is ergative in both examples:
+A: word: pa-lebbeng-an	 gloss: T.R-bury-APL
+B: word: pa-lebbeng	 gloss: T.R-bury
+C: word: pa-tunaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-dissolve-T.IR
+D: word: pa-ibit-an	 gloss: T.R-hold-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 29:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Bisan ino na mga ampang-an an ___ danen ta iran na bata.
+Gloss (with missing item): any what LK PL play-NR DEF.M ___ 3P.ERG NABS 3P.GEN LK child
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Whatever playthings, they gave (them) to their child.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ditransitive verbs can also appear in applicative constructions. The effect is to express a recipient or location (depending on the verb) in the absolutive role (see \chapref{chap:voice} on voice). Example \REF{bkm:Ref396506191} illustrates the verb atag ‘give’ in a non-applicative construction, with the recipient, iran na bata ‘their child’, in an oblique role, marked by the prenominal case marker ta:
+A: word: pa-atag-an	 gloss: T.R-give-APL
+B: word: pa-atag	 gloss: T.R-give
+C: word: ga-atag	 gloss: I.R-give
+D: word: pa-tumar	 gloss: T.R-take.meds
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 30:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din bayo din ya ta bļawan.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG shirt 3S.GEN DEF.F NABS gold
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He partially filled his shirt with gold.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref395171874} illustrates the same verb in an applicative construction. Note, however, that the argument structure is the same. The shirt is still absolutive, and the agent is still ergative:
+A: word: na-panno-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-fill-APL
+B: word: mag--ambaļ-anay	 gloss: I.IR-say-REC
+C: word: ga-lambay	 gloss: I.R-pass.by
+D: word: pa-panno-an	 gloss: T.R-fill-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 31:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din bayo din ya ta bļawan.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG shirt 3S.GEN DEF.F NABS gold
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He was able to partially fill his shirt with gold.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref395206755} illustrates the same construction in the happenstantial mode:
+A: word: pa-luto-en	 gloss: CAUS-cook-T.IR
+B: word: pa-panno-an	 gloss: T.R-fill-APL
+C: word: lana	 gloss: coconut.oil
+D: word: na-panno-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-fill-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 32:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din bayo din ya ta bļawan.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG shirt 3S.GEN DEF.F NABS gold
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He partially filled his shirt with gold.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref395171874} and \REF{bkm:Ref395206755} illustrate the partitive sense of the applicative with the verb panno ‘fill’, which arguably takes a location (the shirt in this case) as its absolutive argument in the unmarked form. However, the applicative has this effect for many other verbs that are inherently transitive. Consider the following:
+A: word: pa-lebbeng-an	 gloss: T.R-bury-APL
+B: word: na-panno-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-fill-APL
+C: word: pa-panno-an	 gloss: T.R-fill-APL
+D: word: buong	 gloss: shatter
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 33:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din bayo din ya ta bļawan.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG shirt 3S.GEN DEF.F NABS gold
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He was able to partially fill his shirt with gold.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref395171874} and \REF{bkm:Ref395206755} illustrate the partitive sense of the applicative with the verb panno ‘fill’, which arguably takes a location (the shirt in this case) as its absolutive argument in the unmarked form. However, the applicative has this effect for many other verbs that are inherently transitive. Consider the following:
+A: word: pa-ļangkaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-long-T.IR
+B: word: pa-panno-an	 gloss: T.R-fill-APL
+C: word: ga-us-os	 gloss: I.R-slide.down
+D: word: na-panno-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-fill-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 34:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din s<in>ugba ya na sidda naan ta pinggan ko.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG <NR.RES>-roast DEF.F LK fish SPAT.DEF NABS dish 1S.GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he ate the roasted fish in my dish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref396998462} illustrates the verb kaan ‘eat’ in its basic transitive argument structure with the agent expressed with an ergative pronoun and the patient, the roasted fish, with no prenominal marker, indicating it is absolutive. Example \REF{ex:inmydish-1} is a standard applicative in which the verb carries the applicative suffix, the roasted fish has been marked as non-absolutive, and the dish is now in the absolutive role. Finally, example \REF{ex:inmydish-2} illustrates the partitive use of the applicative construction. The case frame in \REF{ex:inmydish-2} is the same as in \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}. The only difference in structure is the presence of the applicative suffix. The semantic effect is to assert that only some of the roasted fish was consumed.
+A: word: pa-kaan	 gloss: T.R-eat
+B: word: maka-kaan	 gloss: I.HAP.IR-eat
+C: word: na-dagsa	 gloss: A.HAP.R-wash.ashore
+D: word: ga-kaan	 gloss: I.R-eat
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 35:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din s<in>ugba ya na sidda naan ta pinggan ko.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG <NR.RES>-roast DEF.F LK fish SPAT.DEF NABS dish 1S.GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he ate the roasted fish in my dish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref396998462} illustrates the verb kaan ‘eat’ in its basic transitive argument structure with the agent expressed with an ergative pronoun and the patient, the roasted fish, with no prenominal marker, indicating it is absolutive. Example \REF{ex:inmydish-1} is a standard applicative in which the verb carries the applicative suffix, the roasted fish has been marked as non-absolutive, and the dish is now in the absolutive role. Finally, example \REF{ex:inmydish-2} illustrates the partitive use of the applicative construction. The case frame in \REF{ex:inmydish-2} is the same as in \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}. The only difference in structure is the presence of the applicative suffix. The semantic effect is to assert that only some of the roasted fish was consumed.
+A: word: maka-kaan	 gloss: I.HAP.IR-eat
+B: word: ma-ng-tanem	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-plant
+C: word: ga-kaan	 gloss: I.R-eat
+D: word: pa-kaan	 gloss: T.R-eat
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 36:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din s<in>ugba ya na sidda naan ta pinggan ko.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG <NR.RES>-roast DEF.F LK fish SPAT.DEF NABS dish 1S.GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he ate the roasted fish in my dish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: One way of understanding this usage is that, since the applicative has the default function of indicating that the absolutive is a location, recipient or some other non-patient semantic role, the use of the applicative when the absolutive is a patient expresses that it is somehow a less than prototypical patient. One reasonable interpretation of this is that the patient is not completely affected by the action of the verb. Another way of understanding this usage is that \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}b is the applicative of \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}a, while \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}c is the applicative of the detransitive of \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}b, given in \REF{bkm:Ref460337201}:
+A: word: ga-kaan	 gloss: I.R-eat
+B: word: maka-kaan	 gloss: I.HAP.IR-eat
+C: word: pa-kaan	 gloss: T.R-eat
+D: word: na-dagsa-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-wash.ashore-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 37:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din s<in>ugba ya na sidda naan ta pinggan ko.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG <NR.RES>-roast DEF.F LK fish SPAT.DEF NABS dish 1S.GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he ate the roasted fish in my dish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: One way of understanding this usage is that, since the applicative has the default function of indicating that the absolutive is a location, recipient or some other non-patient semantic role, the use of the applicative when the absolutive is a patient expresses that it is somehow a less than prototypical patient. One reasonable interpretation of this is that the patient is not completely affected by the action of the verb. Another way of understanding this usage is that \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}b is the applicative of \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}a, while \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}c is the applicative of the detransitive of \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}b, given in \REF{bkm:Ref460337201}:
+A: word: maka-kaan	 gloss: I.HAP.IR-eat
+B: word: pa-pa-tunaw	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-dissolve
+C: word: ga-kaan	 gloss: I.R-eat
+D: word: pa-kaan	 gloss: T.R-eat
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 38:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din s<in>ugba ya na sidda naan ta pinggan ko.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG <NR.RES>-roast DEF.F LK fish SPAT.DEF NABS dish 1S.GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he ate the roasted fish in my dish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: One way of understanding this usage is that, since the applicative has the default function of indicating that the absolutive is a location, recipient or some other non-patient semantic role, the use of the applicative when the absolutive is a patient expresses that it is somehow a less than prototypical patient. One reasonable interpretation of this is that the patient is not completely affected by the action of the verb. Another way of understanding this usage is that \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}b is the applicative of \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}a, while \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}c is the applicative of the detransitive of \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}b, given in \REF{bkm:Ref460337201}:
+A: word: pa-luto-en	 gloss: CAUS-cook-T.IR
+B: word: pa-kaan	 gloss: T.R-eat
+C: word: maka-kaan	 gloss: I.HAP.IR-eat
+D: word: ga-kaan	 gloss: I.R-eat
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 39:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din s<in>ugba ya na sidda naan ta pinggan ko.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG <NR.RES>-roast DEF.F LK fish SPAT.DEF NABS dish 1S.GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he ate the roasted fish in my dish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: One way of understanding this usage is that, since the applicative has the default function of indicating that the absolutive is a location, recipient or some other non-patient semantic role, the use of the applicative when the absolutive is a patient expresses that it is somehow a less than prototypical patient. One reasonable interpretation of this is that the patient is not completely affected by the action of the verb. Another way of understanding this usage is that \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}b is the applicative of \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}a, while \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}c is the applicative of the detransitive of \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}b, given in \REF{bkm:Ref460337201}:
+A: word: pa-dawat-a	 gloss: T.R-hand.to-XC
+B: word: pa-kaan	 gloss: T.R-eat
+C: word: maka-kaan	 gloss: I.HAP.IR-eat
+D: word: ga-kaan	 gloss: I.R-eat
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 40:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ kanen ta s<in>ugba ya na sidda naan ta pinggan ko.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ABS NABS <NR.RES>-roast DEF.F LK fish SPAT.DEF NABS dish 1S.GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he ate roasted fish in my dish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: One way of understanding this usage is that, since the applicative has the default function of indicating that the absolutive is a location, recipient or some other non-patient semantic role, the use of the applicative when the absolutive is a patient expresses that it is somehow a less than prototypical patient. One reasonable interpretation of this is that the patient is not completely affected by the action of the verb. Another way of understanding this usage is that \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}b is the applicative of \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}a, while \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}c is the applicative of the detransitive of \REF{bkm:Ref396998462}b, given in \REF{bkm:Ref460337201}:
+A: word: pa-kaan	 gloss: T.R-eat
+B: word: maka-kaan	 gloss: I.HAP.IR-eat
+C: word: na-dagsa-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-wash.ashore-APL
+D: word: ga-kaan	 gloss: I.R-eat
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 41:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ danen an parti ta kasaļ.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3P.ABS DEF.M about NABS wedding
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘They will make an agreement with each other about the wedding.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With some other verbs, such as ambaļ ‘say’ and palangga ‘love’, -anay asserts a more binding, intense, united, or closer feeling or relationship than -ay does. For example, mag-ambaļanay means ‘to make an agreement’ such as families meeting together to talk about the wedding of the children (example \ref{bkm:Ref414723411}). Mag-ambaļay, on the other hand, means to speak to each other again after some time of not speaking (example \ref{bkm:Ref414723505}).
+A: word: mag-ambaļ	 gloss: I.IR-say
+B: word: pa-ambaļ-an	 gloss: T.R-say-APL
+C: word: mag--ambaļ-anay	 gloss: I.IR-say-REC
+D: word: na-tunaw	 gloss: A.HAP.R-dissolve
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 42:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ki ta kada isya.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1P.INCL.ABS NABS each one
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘We love each other.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \hspace*{-.6pt}The inflected verb gapalanggaay means to ‘love each other’ (example \ref{bkm:Ref414723576}), while gapalanggaanay means to ‘seriously love each other from one’s heart’ (example \ref{bkm:Ref414723659}).
+A: word: mag--ambaļ-anay	 gloss: I.IR-say-REC
+B: word: ga-palangga-ay	 gloss: I.R-love-REC
+C: word: ga-kita-ay	 gloss: I.R-see-REC
+D: word: palangga	 gloss: love
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 43:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Bag-o, anen ko dya ___ ake na mga mangngod.
+Gloss (with missing item): before EXT.G 1S.ERG D4LOC ___ 1S.GEN LK PL younger.sibling
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Then, there I handed my younger siblings off (to the man in the yard)!’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref123024886} is from a story about a house fire. The speaker gets her younger siblings and hands them to a man in the yard to take care of while she is trying to help save some of the house. The use of the exclamatory suffix on the verb underscores the desperation of the situation.
+A: word: pa-dawat-a	 gloss: T.R-hand.to-XC
+B: word: pa-daļa	 gloss: T.R-carry
+C: word: ma-ng-tampara	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-goggles
+D: word: …-kamang-a	 gloss: T.R-get-XC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+

shuffled_multiple/Kagayanen/min_knowledge_points_8-verbclasses-1_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,624 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ baso ya.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ glass DEF.F
+The English translation of this sentence is:`That glass is shattered.' \hspace{1cm}STATE
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref398301852} and \REF{bkm:Ref398301854} illustrate the root the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’, which is a non-volitio\-nal root of Class I. With no inflectional affixes this root describes a simple state \REF{bkm:Ref398301852}. This may be considered a non-verbal, modification predicate (see \chapref{chap:non-verbalclauses}, \sectref{sec:predicatemodifiers}). In \REF{bkm:Ref398301854}, with happenstantial marking it describes the perfective achievement of its gloss ___ing. As with all Class I verbs, this root does not occur in dynamic modality (*gathe morpheme ___/*magthe morpheme ___). This makes sense since its gloss ___ing is a punctual event, therefore the root that expresses this concept cannot describe an activity, since activities are inherently non-punctual:
+A: word: ga-seddep	 gloss: I.R-go.in.small.space
+B: word: na-buong	 gloss: A.HAP.R-shatter
+C: word: tapos	 gloss: then
+D: word: buong	 gloss: shatter
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ baso ya.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ glass DEF.F
+The English translation of this sentence is:`That glass is shattered.' \hspace{1cm}STATE
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref398301852} and \REF{bkm:Ref398301854} illustrate the root the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___’, which is a non-volitio\-nal root of Class I. With no inflectional affixes this root describes a simple state \REF{bkm:Ref398301852}. This may be considered a non-verbal, modification predicate (see \chapref{chap:non-verbalclauses}, \sectref{sec:predicatemodifiers}). In \REF{bkm:Ref398301854}, with happenstantial marking it describes the perfective achievement of its gloss ___ing. As with all Class I verbs, this root does not occur in dynamic modality (*gathe morpheme ___/*magthe morpheme ___). This makes sense since its gloss ___ing is a punctual event, therefore the root that expresses this concept cannot describe an activity, since activities are inherently non-punctual:
+A: word: na-buong	 gloss: A.HAP.R-shatter
+B: word: buong	 gloss: shatter
+C: word: ginikanan	 gloss: parents
+D: word: ga-iling	 gloss: I.R-go
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Tiset a nang ___ ta jip.
+Gloss (with missing item): small 1S.ABS only/just ___ NABS jeep
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘A jeep almost pinned me.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref440375076}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref119566298} illustrate additional Class I verbs from the corpus:
+A: word: mag-ayad	 gloss: I.IR-be.careful
+B: word: na-ipo	 gloss: A.HAP.R-pick
+C: word: na-kamang	 gloss: A.HAP.R-get
+D: word: na-ipit	 gloss: A.HAP.R-pin
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ kanen ta granada tak pa-limpyo-an din.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ABS NABS grenade because T.R-clean-APL 3S.ERG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He happened to be hit by a grenade (explosion), because he cleaned it’ or ‘The grenade (explosion) happened to hit him because he cleaned it.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref440375076}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref119566298} illustrate additional Class I verbs from the corpus:
+A: word: na-igo	 gloss: A.HAP.R-hit
+B: word: buong	 gloss: shatter
+C: word: na-ipit	 gloss: A.HAP.R-pin
+D: word: pa-pakang	 gloss: T.R-hit
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ layag i.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ sail DEF.N
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The sail is torn.’\hspace{1cm}State
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref398301059}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref398301061} illustrate the root the morpheme ___ ‘torn/its gloss ___’, which is a non-volitional root of Class II. In \REF{bkm:Ref398301059} with no inflectional affixes it describes a state. In \REF{bkm:Ref367348391} with happenstantial marking it describes the perfective accomplishment of its gloss ___ing. In \REF{bkm:Ref398301061} with dynamic marking the same root describes an imperfective activity, with no resultant change in state implied:
+A: word: mantika	 gloss: oil
+B: word: gisi	 gloss: tear
+C: word: ga-gisi	 gloss: I.R-tear
+D: word: mag-tunga	 gloss: I.IR-come.up.from.underwater
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ga-layag kay nang en na uļa nay na-aļam-i daw indi kay punta asta nang en na ___ layag i.\\
+Gloss (with missing item): I.R-sail 1P.EXCL.ABS only/just CM LK NEG.R 1P.EXCL.ERG A.HAP.R-know-XC.APL if/when where 1P.EXCL.ABS go until only/just CM LK ___ sail DEF.N
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘We sailed without knowing where we were going until the sail was tearing/began to tear.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref398301059}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref398301061} illustrate the root gisi ‘torn/tear’, which is a non-volitional root of Class II. In \REF{bkm:Ref398301059} with no inflectional affixes it describes a state. In \REF{bkm:Ref367348391} with happenstantial marking it describes the perfective accomplishment of tearing. In \REF{bkm:Ref398301061} with dynamic marking the same root describes an imperfective activity, with no resultant change in state implied:
+A: word: pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-sink
+B: word: na-gisi	 gloss: A.HAP.R-tear
+C: word: ga-gisi	 gloss: I.R-tear
+D: word: salíg	 gloss: think.wrongly
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ layag i.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ sail DEF.N
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The sail is torn.’\hspace{1cm}State
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref398301059}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref398301061} illustrate the root the morpheme ___ ‘torn/its gloss ___’, which is a non-volitional root of Class II. In \REF{bkm:Ref398301059} with no inflectional affixes it describes a state. In \REF{bkm:Ref367348391} with happenstantial marking it describes the perfective accomplishment of its gloss ___ing. In \REF{bkm:Ref398301061} with dynamic marking the same root describes an imperfective activity, with no resultant change in state implied:
+A: word: ga-dagbeng	 gloss: I.R-thud
+B: word: u-yi	 gloss: EMPH-D1ADJ
+C: word: gisi	 gloss: tear
+D: word: ga-gisi	 gloss: I.R-tear
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ layag i.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ sail DEF.N
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The sail tore.’\hspace{1cm}Accomplishment
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref398301059}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref398301061} illustrate the root gisi ‘torn/tear’, which is a non-volitional root of Class II. In \REF{bkm:Ref398301059} with no inflectional affixes it describes a state. In \REF{bkm:Ref367348391} with happenstantial marking it describes the perfective accomplishment of tearing. In \REF{bkm:Ref398301061} with dynamic marking the same root describes an imperfective activity, with no resultant change in state implied:
+A: word: pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-sink
+B: word: na-gisi	 gloss: A.HAP.R-tear
+C: word: dagat	 gloss: sea
+D: word: ga-gisi	 gloss: I.R-tear
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ga-layag kay nang en na uļa nay na-aļam-i daw indi kay punta asta nang en na ___ layag i.\\
+Gloss (with missing item): I.R-sail 1P.EXCL.ABS only/just CM LK NEG.R 1P.EXCL.ERG A.HAP.R-know-XC.APL if/when where 1P.EXCL.ABS go until only/just CM LK ___ sail DEF.N
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘We sailed without knowing where we were going until the sail was tearing/began to tear.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref398301059}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref398301061} illustrate the root gisi ‘torn/tear’, which is a non-volitional root of Class II. In \REF{bkm:Ref398301059} with no inflectional affixes it describes a state. In \REF{bkm:Ref367348391} with happenstantial marking it describes the perfective accomplishment of tearing. In \REF{bkm:Ref398301061} with dynamic marking the same root describes an imperfective activity, with no resultant change in state implied:
+A: word: na-gisi	 gloss: A.HAP.R-tear
+B: word: ga-gisi	 gloss: I.R-tear
+C: word: gisi	 gloss: tear
+D: word: beggas	 gloss: milled.rice
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pa-ibit-an nay ta timbang mama na duma nay daw m-luoy piro mama an ___ daw na-daļa din man kami tak mama i bakod kis-a ki kami.\\
+Gloss (with missing item): T.R-hold.on-APL 1P.EXCL.ERG NABS balance man LK companion 1P.EXCL.GEN and I.V.IR-swim but man DEF.M ___ and A.HAP.R-take 3S.ERG also 1P.EXCL.ABS because man DEF.N big than OBL.P 1P.EXCL
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘We held on to both sides of the man that was our companion and swam, but the man was sinking (or ‘began to sink’) and took us also (down with him) because the man was bigger than us.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref388967386} illustrates the same verb in dynamic modality, expressing an imperfective, inceptive sense:
+A: word: pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-sink
+B: word: pa-pa-balik	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-return
+C: word: ga-leddang	 gloss: I.R-sink
+D: word: na-leddang	 gloss: A.HAP.R-sink
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ga-pangamuyo kay man na kabay na ___ en Manang ya aged maka-balik man kanen ya ta Pilipinas i.\\
+Gloss (with missing item): I.R-pray 1P.EXCL.ABS too LK may.it.be LK ___ CM Older.sister DEF.F so.that I.HAP.IR-return too 3S.ABS DEF.F NABS Philippines DEF.N
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘We prayed too that Manang may be well so that she can return to the Philippines.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following illustrate the root the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___/be its gloss ___’ in the stative \REF{bkm:Ref148778216}, dynamic irrealis \REF{bkm:Ref148778256}, and happenstantial irrealis \REF{bkm:Ref148778286} forms:
+A: word: mag-ayad	 gloss: I.IR-be.careful
+B: word: buong	 gloss: shatter
+C: word: ayad	 gloss: well
+D: word: piro	 gloss: but
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Mag-ubra danen ta duļot agod ___ ka.
+Gloss (with missing item): I.IR-work/make 3P.ABS NABS food.offering so.that ___ 2S.ABS
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘They will do a food offering so that you will get well.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following illustrate the root ayad ‘well/be well’ in the stative \REF{bkm:Ref148778216}, dynamic irrealis \REF{bkm:Ref148778256}, and happenstantial irrealis \REF{bkm:Ref148778286} forms:
+A: word: mag-ayad	 gloss: I.IR-well
+B: word: ma-simba	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-worship
+C: word: gisi	 gloss: tear
+D: word: ma-ayad	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-well
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ambaļ din en bisan ino pa kon ayo-en din ∅-atag din kon basta ___ nang kon kanen an.
+Gloss (with missing item): say 3S.ERG CM any what INC HSY request-T.IR 3S.ERG T.IR-give 3S.ERG HSY just.so.that ___ only/just HRS 3S.ABS DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He said whatever else he asks for, he will give just so that he will get well.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following illustrate the root ayad ‘well/be well’ in the stative \REF{bkm:Ref148778216}, dynamic irrealis \REF{bkm:Ref148778256}, and happenstantial irrealis \REF{bkm:Ref148778286} forms:
+A: word: buong	 gloss: shatter
+B: word: ma-kita	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-see
+C: word: mag-ayad	 gloss: I.IR-be.careful
+D: word: ma-ayad	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-well
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Piro naan aren ta tudtod ta pambot na ___ na sigi en anod.
+Gloss (with missing item): but SPAT.DEF 1S.ABS NABS back NABS boat LK ___ LK continuously CM drift
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘But I was on the back of the boat which had turned over that was continuously now adrift.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Several roots, such as daeb ‘to turn face down’ may present non-volitional situations with an inanimate Undergoer, or volitional situations with an animate Actor. As such these roots fall logically into Class II and Class IV. When the absolutive is an inanimate Undergoer they exhibit the affixation pattern of Class II roots, and when the absolutive is an animate Actor, they exhibit the pattern of Class IV roots. Here we give some examples of the Class II usage. The following examples are from the same text, and describe the same discourse event. However, in \REF{bkm:Ref148966026} happenstantial modality is used, while in \REF{bkm:Ref148965908} dynamic modality occurs. In \REF{bkm:Ref148966026} the act of turning over is non-volitional and is on the event line of the narrative. In this context, happenstantial modality is expected, and can be understood as expressing a semantic perfective aspect.
+A: word: ga-daeb	 gloss: I.R-turn.over
+B: word: ga-dagbeng	 gloss: I.R-thud
+C: word: buong	 gloss: shatter
+D: word: ga-iling	 gloss: I.R-go
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Piro naan aren ta tudtod ta pambot na ___ na sigi en anod.
+Gloss (with missing item): but SPAT.DEF 1S.ABS NABS back NABS boat LK ___ LK continuously CM drift
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘But I was on the back of the boat which had turned over that was continuously now adrift.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{bkm:Ref148965908} the same verb occurs, but this time it is not on the main event line of the narrative. It simply describes the condition of the boat that resulted from the event of turning over narrated earlier in the story. In this case, dynamic modality is appropriate. If happenstantial were used again in this context, the intention would be that the boat turned over a second time, constituting another event on the main event line of the story. This would have been possible, but highly unusual inside a relative clause.
+A: word: ga-iling	 gloss: I.R-go
+B: word: leddang-en	 gloss: sink-T.IR
+C: word: ga-daeb	 gloss: I.R-turn.over
+D: word: ga-dagbeng	 gloss: I.R-thud
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Daw may ___ na na-uļog, isip-en no tak {yon} {nan} niog na na-ipo ko.
+Gloss (with missing item): if/when EXT.IN ___ LK A.HAP.R-fall think/count-T.IR 2S.ERG because D3ABS D3ABS.PR coconut LK A.HAP.R-pick 1S.ERG
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘If something falls making a thud sound, count it because that very one is the coconut I have picked.’ (The speaker climbs a tree to get coconuts and he tells the blind guy on the ground to count how many thuds he hears because that will be the coconuts that he picks and lets fall to the ground. But the one who climbs the tree keeps falling out and so the blind guy counts each time the other guy falls out of the tree thinking it is a coconut.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref442966831} through \REF{bkm:Ref444436899} illustrate Class III verbs from the corpus:
+A: word: ga-daeb	 gloss: I.R-turn.over
+B: word: ga-dagbeng	 gloss: I.R-thud
+C: word: ga-leddang	 gloss: I.R-sink
+D: word: na-uļog	 gloss: A.HAP.R-fall
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ no anay tubuyong an para pang-miroļ.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2S.ERG first/for.a.while manioc.flour DEF.M for INST-clothes.starch
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Dissolve please the manioc flour for use as starch.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Most Class I-III verbs can be used in a transitive frame with no transitivizing stem-forming morphology (applicative or causative). In this case they express direct causation. Example \REF{ex:hasdissolved} illustrates the Class II root tunaw ‘to dissolve/melt’ in its basic intransitive frame, while example \REF{bkm:Ref395126196} illustrates the same root in a transitive, causative, frame:
+A: word: ga-daeb	 gloss: I.R-turn.over
+B: word: pigado	 gloss: difficult
+C: word: pa-tunaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-dissolve-T.IR
+D: word: tunaw-en	 gloss: dissolve-T.IR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 17:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ kaoy ya naan ta t<in>anem nay na mga gulay.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ tree DEF.F SPAT.DEF NABS <NR.RES>plant 1P.EXCL.GEN LK PL vegetables
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The tree fell over on our planted vegetables.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Similarly, example \REF{bkm:Ref398385527} illustrates the verb tumba ‘to fall over’ in its basic, intransitive frame, while \REF{bkm:Ref398385530} illustrates the same verb in a transitive, causative frame:
+A: word: na-uļog	 gloss: A.HAP.R-fall
+B: word: na-agi-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-experience-APL
+C: word: na-tumba	 gloss: A.HAP.R-fall.over
+D: word: pa-tumba	 gloss: T.R-fall.over
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 18:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din kaoy ya naan ta t<in>anem nay na mga gulay.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG tree DEF.F SPAT.DEF NABS <NR.RES>plant 1P.EXCL.GEN LK PL vegetables
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he felled the tree (on our planted vegetables).’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Similarly, example \REF{bkm:Ref398385527} illustrates the verb tumba ‘to fall over’ in its basic, intransitive frame, while \REF{bkm:Ref398385530} illustrates the same verb in a transitive, causative frame:
+A: word: pa-tumba	 gloss: T.R-fall.over
+B: word: pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-sink
+C: word: na-tumba	 gloss: A.HAP.R-fall.over
+D: word: sayaw	 gloss: dance
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 19:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ta pirata pambot nay ya.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ ERG pirate motor.boat 1P.EXCL.GEN DEF.F
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The pirates sank our motor boat.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref119509106} illustrates leddang ‘to sink’ in a transitive form, meaning ‘cause to sink’:
+A: word: ga-leddang	 gloss: I.R-sink
+B: word: pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-sink
+C: word: pa-pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-sink
+D: word: mag-ayad	 gloss: I.IR-be.careful
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 20:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din kaoy ya naan ta t<in>anem nay na mga gulay.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG tree DEF.F SPAT.DEF NABS <NR.RES>plant 1P.EXCL.GEN LK PL vegetables
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he felled the tree (on our planted vegetables).’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We know that the prefix pa{}- in \REF{bkm:Ref398385530} and \REF{bkm:Ref119509106} is the transitive, realis pa{}- rather than the causative for several reasons. First, if pa{}- in these examples were the causative, the predicates would imply indirect causation, as though the boat retained some responsibility for its own sinking. Second, this pa{}- is not retained in the irrealis (\ref{bkm:Ref395126196}, \ref{bkm:Ref123281189}) or detransitive (Actor voice) form \REF{bkm:Ref123281290}:
+A: word: niog	 gloss: coconut
+B: word: pa-tumba	 gloss: T.R-fall.over
+C: word: ma-ayad	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-well
+D: word: na-tumba	 gloss: A.HAP.R-fall.over
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 21:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ta pirata pambot nay ya.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ ERG pirate motor.boat 1P.EXCL.GEN DEF.F
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The pirates sank our motor boat.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We know that the prefix pa{}- in \REF{bkm:Ref398385530} and \REF{bkm:Ref119509106} is the transitive, realis pa{}- rather than the causative for several reasons. First, if pa{}- in these examples were the causative, the predicates would imply indirect causation, as though the boat retained some responsibility for its own sinking. Second, this pa{}- is not retained in the irrealis (\ref{bkm:Ref395126196}, \ref{bkm:Ref123281189}) or detransitive (Actor voice) form \REF{bkm:Ref123281290}:
+A: word: pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-sink
+B: word: ga-leddang	 gloss: I.R-sink
+C: word: pa-pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-sink
+D: word: ga-seddep	 gloss: I.R-go.in.small.space
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 22:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ no anay tubuyong an para pang-miroļ.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2S.ERG first/for.a.while manioc.flour DEF.M for INST-clothes.starch
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Dissolve please the manioc flour for use as starch.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We know that the prefix pa{}- in \REF{bkm:Ref398385530} and \REF{bkm:Ref119509106} is the transitive, realis pa{}- rather than the causative for several reasons. First, if pa{}- in these examples were the causative, the predicates would imply indirect causation, as though the boat retained some responsibility for its own sinking. Second, this pa{}- is not retained in the irrealis (\ref{bkm:Ref395126196}, \ref{bkm:Ref123281189}) or detransitive (Actor voice) form \REF{bkm:Ref123281290}:
+A: word: leddang-en	 gloss: sink-T.IR
+B: word: pa-tunaw-en	 gloss: CAUS-dissolve-T.IR
+C: word: tunaw-en	 gloss: dissolve-T.IR
+D: word: adlaw	 gloss: day/sun
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 23:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ nyo lunday an tak sikad bao.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2P.ERG outrigger.canoe DEF.M because very odor
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Sink the outrigger canoe because it smells bad.’ (The outrigger canoe probably has the odor of rotten fish and sinking it will wash it out.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We know that the prefix pa{}- in \REF{bkm:Ref398385530} and \REF{bkm:Ref119509106} is the transitive, realis pa{}- rather than the causative for several reasons. First, if pa{}- in these examples were the causative, the predicates would imply indirect causation, as though the boat retained some responsibility for its own sinking. Second, this pa{}- is not retained in the irrealis (\ref{bkm:Ref395126196}, \ref{bkm:Ref123281189}) or detransitive (Actor voice) form \REF{bkm:Ref123281290}:
+A: word: m-tunga	 gloss: I.V.IR-come.up.from.underwater
+B: word: leddang-en	 gloss: sink-T.IR
+C: word: pa-leddang-en	 gloss: CAUS-sink-T.IR
+D: word: ma-ng-tampara	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-PL-goggles
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 24:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ mga pirata ta pambot nay ya.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PL pirate NABS motor.boat 1P.EXCL.GEN DEF.F
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The pirates sank our motor boat.’\smallskip
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We know that the prefix pa{}- in \REF{bkm:Ref398385530} and \REF{bkm:Ref119509106} is the transitive, realis pa{}- rather than the causative for several reasons. First, if pa{}- in these examples were the causative, the predicates would imply indirect causation, as though the boat retained some responsibility for its own sinking. Second, this pa{}- is not retained in the irrealis (\ref{bkm:Ref395126196}, \ref{bkm:Ref123281189}) or detransitive (Actor voice) form \REF{bkm:Ref123281290}:
+A: word: na-leddang	 gloss: A.HAP.R-sink
+B: word: ga-iling	 gloss: I.R-go
+C: word: ga-leddang	 gloss: I.R-sink
+D: word: pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-sink
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 25:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din ki yaken pambot ya.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG OBL.P 1s motor.boat DEF.F
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he caused/let/allowed me to sink the motor boat.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, there is a causative form of this root, expressed with the causative prefix pa{}- in addition to the transitive inflections (realis in \ref{bkm:Ref123281737} and irrealis in \ref{bkm:Ref148779410}):
+A: word: lugar	 gloss: place
+B: word: pa-seddep-an	 gloss: T.R-go.in.small.space-APL
+C: word: pa-pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-sink
+D: word: pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-sink
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 26:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din ki yaken pambot ya.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG OBL.P 1s motor.boat DEF.F
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he will cause/let/allow me to sink the motor boat.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, there is a causative form of this root, expressed with the causative prefix pa{}- in addition to the transitive inflections (realis in \ref{bkm:Ref123281737} and irrealis in \ref{bkm:Ref148779410}):
+A: word: pa-pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-sink
+B: word: pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-sink
+C: word: pa-leddang-en	 gloss: CAUS-sink-T.IR
+D: word: leddang-en	 gloss: sink-T.IR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 27:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ko kanen an naan ta baļay danen.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1S.ERG 3S.ABS DEF.M SPAT.DEF NABS house 3P.GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I made/let him/her return to their house.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Another grammatical difference between non-volitional and volitional intransitive roots is that non-volitional roots may easily occur in a transitive frame to express direct causation (see \sectref{bkm:Ref148856716} above). Class IV roots, on the other hand, almost always require explicit transitivizing stem-forming morphology, either causative (pa{}-) or applicative (-an, -i) in order to occur in a transitive frame. This is because the causee is often animate, and therefore retains some control over the situation. However, if the causee is inanimate or otherwise incapable of controlling the situation, some of these roots may express direct causation in a transitive frame without the stem-forming causative prefix. For example, roots such as balik ‘return’, tago ‘hide’ and others that describe motion to a destination (return to a place, hide in a place) when used intransitively describe volitional situations \REF{bkm:Ref148946728}. When the same roots describe caused situations in which the causee is capable of exercising some control over the situation, the causative prefix is used, as in \REF{bkm:Ref148968257}. However, the same verbs may occur in a transitive \REF{bkm:Ref148946793} or detransitive \REF{bkm:Ref148946893} construction with no causative prefix, in which case they imply that the causee is probably inanimate, and therefore has no control or volition. In other words, as with root Classes I-III, this construction expresses direct causation:
+A: word: pa-balik	 gloss: T.R-return
+B: word: lasa	 gloss: taste
+C: word: na-igo	 gloss: A.HAP.R-hit
+D: word: pa-pa-balik	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-return
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 28:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ko en kugod-an din ya naan ta baļay danen.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1S.ERG CM grate.coconut-NR 3S.GEN DEF.F SPAT.DEF NABS house 3P.GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I returned his/her coconut grater to their house.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Another grammatical difference between non-volitional and volitional intransitive roots is that non-volitional roots may easily occur in a transitive frame to express direct causation (see \sectref{bkm:Ref148856716} above). Class IV roots, on the other hand, almost always require explicit transitivizing stem-forming morphology, either causative (pa{}-) or applicative (-an, -i) in order to occur in a transitive frame. This is because the causee is often animate, and therefore retains some control over the situation. However, if the causee is inanimate or otherwise incapable of controlling the situation, some of these roots may express direct causation in a transitive frame without the stem-forming causative prefix. For example, roots such as balik ‘return’, tago ‘hide’ and others that describe motion to a destination (return to a place, hide in a place) when used intransitively describe volitional situations \REF{bkm:Ref148946728}. When the same roots describe caused situations in which the causee is capable of exercising some control over the situation, the causative prefix is used, as in \REF{bkm:Ref148968257}. However, the same verbs may occur in a transitive \REF{bkm:Ref148946793} or detransitive \REF{bkm:Ref148946893} construction with no causative prefix, in which case they imply that the causee is probably inanimate, and therefore has no control or volition. In other words, as with root Classes I-III, this construction expresses direct causation:
+A: word: pa-pa-balik	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-return
+B: word: pa-balik	 gloss: T.R-return
+C: word: ma-ayad	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-well
+D: word: mag-ambaļ	 gloss: I.IR-say
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 29:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ambaļ ta rais ya ___ gid kon tak ga-larga kon en duma ya na bļangay.
+Gloss (with missing item): say NABS captain DEF.F ___ INT HSY because I.R-depart HSY CM other DEF.F LK 2.mast.boat
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The captain said to really depart because the other two-mast boats are already departing.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other volitional motion verbs of Class IV, such as larga ‘depart’, never take a location as an oblique or Undergoer argument (\ref{bkm:Ref148793705}). For such verbs, a destination is expressed in a complement clause \REF{bkm:Ref148793741}, preceded by the linker/complementizer na:
+A: word: m-larga	 gloss: I.V.IR-depart
+B: word: “m-larga	 gloss: I.V.IR-depart
+C: word: pa-pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-sink
+D: word: m-iling	 gloss: I.V.IR-go
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 30:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ambaļ ta rais ya m-larga gid kon tak ___ kon en duma ya na bļangay.
+Gloss (with missing item): say NABS captain DEF.F I.V.IR-depart INT HSY because ___ HSY CM other DEF.F LK 2.mast.boat
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The captain said to really depart because the other two-mast boats are already departing.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other volitional motion verbs of Class IV, such as larga ‘depart’, never take a location as an oblique or Undergoer argument (\ref{bkm:Ref148793705}). For such verbs, a destination is expressed in a complement clause \REF{bkm:Ref148793741}, preceded by the linker/complementizer na:
+A: word: ma-larga	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-depart
+B: word: ga-larga	 gloss: I.R-depart
+C: word: m-tunga	 gloss: I.V.IR-come.up.from.underwater
+D: word: m-larga	 gloss: I.V.IR-depart
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 31:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ kay kan-o na m-iling Iloilo.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1P.EXCL.ABS previously LK I.V.IR-go Iloilo
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘We departed previously to go to Iloilo.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other volitional motion verbs of Class IV, such as larga ‘depart’, never take a location as an oblique or Undergoer argument (\ref{bkm:Ref148793705}). For such verbs, a destination is expressed in a complement clause \REF{bkm:Ref148793741}, preceded by the linker/complementizer na:
+A: word: ga-tago	 gloss: I.R-hide
+B: word: ga-larga	 gloss: I.R-depart
+C: word: m-larga	 gloss: I.V.IR-depart
+D: word: ma-larga	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-depart
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 32:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Piro mangngod i ___ naan ta bubon para dili ma-kita.\\
+Gloss (with missing item): but younger.sibling DEF.N ___ SPAT.DEF NABS well for NEG.IR A.HAP.IR-see
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘But the younger sibling hid in the well in order not to be seen.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The volitional intransitive verb, tago ‘to hide’, may express a location optionally as an oblique (\ref{bkm:Ref148793817}), but this is not a detransitive of direct causation because it cannot mean ``the younger sibling hid a well":
+A: word: pa-balik	 gloss: T.R-return
+B: word: ga-layas	 gloss: I.R-flee
+C: word: ga-tago	 gloss: I.R-hide
+D: word: ga-tagtag	 gloss: I.R-distribute
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 33:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Kanen i ___ ta yi na puļo paagi ta pag-sakay ta lunday para ma-ng-laya.\\
+Gloss (with missing item): 3S.ABS DEF.N ___ NABS D1ADJ LK island by.means NABS NR.ACT-ride NABS outrigger.canoe for A.HAP.IR-PL-cast.net
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He went to this island by means of riding an outrigger canoe in order to cast-net fish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref148947015} illustrates the volitional intransitive motion root, iling ‘to go’, with an obligatory destination expressed as an oblique \REF{bkm:Ref148947015} or as absolutive with applicative, \REF{bkm:Ref148947027} and \REF{bkm:Ref148947052}:
+A: word: pa-iling-an	 gloss: T.R-go-APL
+B: word: ga-kuyog	 gloss: I.R-go.with
+C: word: ga-iling	 gloss: I.R-go
+D: word: na-agi-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-experience-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 34:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Kanen i ___ ta yi na puļo paagi ta pag-sakay ta lunday para ma-ng-laya.\\
+Gloss (with missing item): 3S.ABS DEF.N ___ NABS D1ADJ LK island by.means NABS NR.ACT-ride NABS outrigger.canoe for A.HAP.IR-PL-cast.net
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘He went to this island by means of riding an outrigger canoe in order to cast-net fish.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref148947015} illustrates the volitional intransitive motion root, iling ‘to go’, with an obligatory destination expressed as an oblique \REF{bkm:Ref148947015} or as absolutive with applicative, \REF{bkm:Ref148947027} and \REF{bkm:Ref148947052}:
+A: word: ga-kuyog	 gloss: I.R-go.with
+B: word: pa-iling-an	 gloss: T.R-go-APL
+C: word: pa-pa-balik	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-return
+D: word: ga-iling	 gloss: I.R-go
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 35:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pamiro, first time, ko na ___ Puerto.
+Gloss (with missing item): first first time 1S.ERG LK ___ Puerto.
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘First, first time, I went to Puerto.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref148947015} illustrates the volitional intransitive motion root, iling ‘to go’, with an obligatory destination expressed as an oblique \REF{bkm:Ref148947015} or as absolutive with applicative, \REF{bkm:Ref148947027} and \REF{bkm:Ref148947052}:
+A: word: ga-iling	 gloss: I.R-go
+B: word: pa-iling-an	 gloss: T.R-go-APL
+C: word: pa-ambaļ-an	 gloss: T.R-say-APL
+D: word: ma-ayad	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-well
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 36:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Kaysan bisan puon ta mga darko na mga kaoy paryo ta baliti, kumpang o bugo ___ daw ambaļ-en dya na, “Anen en bata an.”\\
+Gloss (with missing item): sometimes even trunk NABS PL large.PL LK PL trees same/like NABS ficus wild.almond or garuga.floribunda ___ and say-T.IR D4LOC LK EXT.G CM child DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Sometimes even the trunks of large trees like ficus, wild almond or garuga floribunda (they) go to and say there, “Here is the child.”'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref148947015} illustrates the volitional intransitive motion root, iling ‘to go’, with an obligatory destination expressed as an oblique \REF{bkm:Ref148947015} or as absolutive with applicative, \REF{bkm:Ref148947027} and \REF{bkm:Ref148947052}:
+A: word: pa-iling-an	 gloss: T.R-go-APL
+B: word: na-igo	 gloss: A.HAP.R-hit
+C: word: pa-ambaļ-an	 gloss: T.R-say-APL
+D: word: ga-iling	 gloss: I.R-go
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 37:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ta geyem talinga ko i.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NABS ant ear 1S.GEN DEF.N
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The ant(s) happened to go inside my ear.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following are a few examples of such roots in context. In example \REF{bkm:Ref148966154}, the root seddep ‘go into a small space’ is used in a transitive frame with happenstantial modality. In this case the ants are presented as a “substance” that happened to enter, was able to enter, or had entered the speaker’s ear. In example \REF{bkm:Ref148966156} the same verb occurs in dynamic (volitional) modality. In this case, the ants are presented as “actors”, purposely entering the speaker’s ear:
+A: word: ga-leddang	 gloss: I.R-sink
+B: word: pa-seddep-an	 gloss: T.R-go.in.small.space-APL
+C: word: na-seddep-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-go.in.small.space-APL
+D: word: ubos	 gloss: all
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 38:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ta geyem talinga ko i.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ NABS ant ear 1S.GEN DEF.N
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The ant(s) went inside my ear.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following are a few examples of such roots in context. In example \REF{bkm:Ref148966154}, the root seddep ‘go into a small space’ is used in a transitive frame with happenstantial modality. In this case the ants are presented as a “substance” that happened to enter, was able to enter, or had entered the speaker’s ear. In example \REF{bkm:Ref148966156} the same verb occurs in dynamic (volitional) modality. In this case, the ants are presented as “actors”, purposely entering the speaker’s ear:
+A: word: ma-ayad	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-well
+B: word: dukwa	 gloss: possibly.some.time
+C: word: na-seddep-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-go.in.small.space-APL
+D: word: pa-seddep-an	 gloss: T.R-go.in.small.space-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 39:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ta, ake na duma ___ ta baļas an…
+Gloss (with missing item): so 1S.GEN LK companion ___ NABS forest DEF.M
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘So my companion went into the forest…’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref148966256} and \REF{bkm:Ref148965959} illustrate this same root, without the applicative suffix, in dynamic modality:
+A: word: pa-seddep-an	 gloss: T.R-go.in.small.space-APL
+B: word: na-seddep-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-go.in.small.space-APL
+C: word: pa-iling-an	 gloss: T.R-go-APL
+D: word: ga-seddep	 gloss: I.R-go.in.small.space
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 40:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Aso ta apoy ___ en ta lungag…
+Gloss (with missing item): smoke NABS fire ___ CM NABS hole
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The smoke of the fire went inside the hole….’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref148966256} and \REF{bkm:Ref148965959} illustrate this same root, without the applicative suffix, in dynamic modality:
+A: word: ga-seddep	 gloss: I.R-go.in.small.space
+B: word: tunaw-en	 gloss: dissolve-T.IR
+C: word: pa-seddep-an	 gloss: T.R-go.in.small.space-APL
+D: word: na-seddep-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-go.in.small.space-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 41:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Aso ta apoy ___ en ta lungag…
+Gloss (with missing item): smoke NABS fire ___ CM NABS hole
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘The smoke of the fire went inside the hole….’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref148965959} is from a story about a raid on the island of Cagayancillo. A group of Kagayanens were hiding in a cave (referred to as a “hole”), and the attackers set a fire at the entrance to the cave such that everyone inside died except one woman. This was a volitional act on the part of the raiders, though the absolutive argument, the smoke, is not itself volitional:
+A: word: na-gisi	 gloss: A.HAP.R-tear
+B: word: pa-seddep-an	 gloss: T.R-go.in.small.space-APL
+C: word: ga-seddep	 gloss: I.R-go.in.small.space
+D: word: na-seddep-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-go.in.small.space-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 42:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ta buļan na ga-ligad ___ ko a masakit na swalem.
+Gloss (with missing item): NABS month/moon LK I.R-pass.by ___ 1S.ERG INJ sick LK chickenpox
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘In the month that passed by I experienced the sickness of chickenpox.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The root agi may take dynamic affixes, in which case it expresses the meaning of ‘to pass somewhere’, and falls into Class IV. However, when occurring with happenstantial affixes, it has the somewhat idiomatic meaning of ‘to experience’, as a sickness (example \ref{bkm:Ref150244144}). In this case the experiencer is expressed as ergative, and the source of the experience as absolutive. Therefore in this usage it falls into Subclass Vb:
+A: word: na-agi-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-experience-APL
+B: word: agi-an	 gloss: pass-APL
+C: word: na-aļaman	 gloss: A.HAP.R-know-APL
+D: word: ayad	 gloss: well
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 43:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ko kalilawan i.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1S.ERG Philippine.oriole DEF.N
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I hit the Philippine oriole.’ (He was shooting at it with a slingshot.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb igo ‘hit/strike’ describes the non-volitional act of hitting an object, as a tree branch falling on a parked car, or a rock hitting a window. It may or may not be the result of a volitional act of throwing, shooting, etc. (as in \ref{bkm:Ref150345606}), but the event of hitting is presented as happenstantial.
+A: word: na-ipit	 gloss: A.HAP.R-pin
+B: word: na-agi-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-experience-APL
+C: word: na-igo	 gloss: A.HAP.R-hit
+D: word: pa-pakang	 gloss: T.R-hit
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 44:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ga-bangon a daw ___ ta pitrumaks.
+Gloss (with missing item): I.R-get.up 1S.ABS and ___ NABS petromax
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I got up and lit a petromax.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following are a few examples of each of these major groups from the corpus. Examples \REF{ex:tobecomewell} through \REF{bkm:Ref150434151} illustrate Group 1 roots. The ungrammatical forms illustrate their non-occurrence with the m- prefix:
+A: word: mag-tutod	 gloss: I.IR-light
+B: word: mag-tunga	 gloss: I.IR-come.up.from.underwater
+C: word: “mag-pa-kita	 gloss: I.IR-CAUS-see
+D: word: tunaw-en	 gloss: dissolve-T.IR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 45:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Apang ta pang-tallo ko na pag-eseb ___ a dagat naan tuman ta ake na ilek.
+Gloss (with missing item): but NABS ORD-three 1S.GEN LK NR.ACT-go.underwater ___ 1S.ABS sea NABS until NABS 1S.GEN LK armpit
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘But on my third going under water I came up from under the sea to my armpits.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref150434299} through \REF{bkm:Ref150430302} illustrate Group 2 verbs from Classes IV, VI, VII, and VIII that may take m{}- as well as mag{}- as the intransitive, irrealis inflection. Sometimes there is no discernible difference in meaning between the two forms, while other times the m{}- forms describe more immediate, inevitable situations. The mag{}- forms tend to describe more non-specific, habitual situations, often in combination with another clause in the same construction. Example \REF{bkm:Ref150434299} illustrates the culminative usage of irrealis modality (see \chapref{chap:verbstructure}, \sectref{sec:intransitiveirrealis}):
+A: word: mag-tunga	 gloss: I.IR-come.up.from.underwater
+B: word: mag-tutod	 gloss: I.IR-light
+C: word: pa-pa-leddang	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-sink
+D: word: m-tunga	 gloss: I.V.IR-come.up.from.underwater
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 46:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Apang ta pang-tallo ko na pag-eseb ___ a dagat naan tuman ta ake na ilek.
+Gloss (with missing item): but NABS ORD-three 1S.GEN LK NR.ACT-go.underwater ___ 1S.ABS sea NABS until NABS 1S.GEN LK armpit
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘But on my third going under water I came up from under the sea to my armpits.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref150434299} through \REF{bkm:Ref150430302} illustrate Group 2 verbs from Classes IV, VI, VII, and VIII that may take m{}- as well as mag{}- as the intransitive, irrealis inflection. Sometimes there is no discernible difference in meaning between the two forms, while other times the m{}- forms describe more immediate, inevitable situations. The mag{}- forms tend to describe more non-specific, habitual situations, often in combination with another clause in the same construction. Example \REF{bkm:Ref150434299} illustrates the culminative usage of irrealis modality (see \chapref{chap:verbstructure}, \sectref{sec:intransitiveirrealis}):
+A: word: mag-tunga	 gloss: I.IR-come.up.from.underwater
+B: word: m-tunga	 gloss: I.V.IR-come.up.from.underwater
+C: word: mag-tutod	 gloss: I.IR-light
+D: word: na-igo	 gloss: A.HAP.R-hit
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 47:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pang-tallo ko na eseb ___ a dagat naan tuman ta ilek i.
+Gloss (with missing item): ORD-three 1S.GEN LK go.underwater ___ 1S.ABS sea SPAT.DEF until NABS armpit DEF.N
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘My third going under water I came up from under the sea until the armpits.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In a different telling of the same story, the same speaker uses the m{}- form, again in the culminative usage \REF{bkm:Ref150434555}. Here there does not seem to be any discernable difference in meaning:
+A: word: m-tunga	 gloss: I.V.IR-come.up.from.underwater
+B: word: mag-tunga	 gloss: I.IR-come.up.from.underwater
+C: word: babaw	 gloss: shallow
+D: word: na-seddep-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-go.in.small.space-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+

shuffled_multiple/Kagayanen/min_knowledge_points_9-verbclasses-2_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ a nang gibii.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1S.ABS only/just yesterday
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I just let it rain (on me) yesterday.’ (Instead of going inside he kept trying to spear a wild pig.)
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref149030144} illustrates a kind of reflexive construction. This is not an experiential construction (i.e., there is no applicative marker indicating the absolutive is the experiencer of the situation), but the implication is that the speaker “let it rain” on himself while hunting (see \chapref{chap:voice}, \sectref{sec:causatives} for this reflexive use of the detransitive causative ga-pa- or mag-pa-):
+A: word: pa-pa-uran-an	 gloss: T.R-CAUS-rain-APL
+B: word: salíg	 gloss: think.wrongly
+C: word: ga-pa-uran	 gloss: I.R-CAUS-rain
+D: word: ga-uran	 gloss: I.R-rain
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din yaken i na m-kuyog a ma-ng-pasyar.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG 1S.ABS DEF.N LK I.V.IR-go.with 1S.ABS A.HAP.IR-PL-visit
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he told me that I will go with (him) to go visiting.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Occasionally, the recipient may be expressed as the absolutive with no applicative marking. In that case, the implication is the speech is more direct or frank. For example, \REF{bkm:Ref402322426} is about a fairy telling a person to go with him to the world of the dead. This is an unusual and momentous direct request, and so the applicative is not used. This emphasizes the usually direct nature of this statement. Example \REF{bkm:Ref122516350} is about a woman telling her mother to regret or repent of her sins, which also is an unusually frank thing for anyone to say to their parents.
+A: word: pa-ambaļ	 gloss: T.R-say
+B: word: pa-ambaļ-an	 gloss: T.R-say-APL
+C: word: pa-atag	 gloss: T.R-give
+D: word: ∅-mati-an	 gloss: T.IR-hear-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ ko kanen an, “Ma-neļseļ ka ta imo na saļa."\\
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1S.ERG 3S.ABS DEF.M A.HAP.IR-regret/repent 2S.ABS NABS 2S.GEN LK sin/mistake
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘I told her (directly), “You may regret/repent of your sins.”'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Occasionally, the recipient may be expressed as the absolutive with no applicative marking. In that case, the implication is the speech is more direct or frank. For example, \REF{bkm:Ref402322426} is about a fairy telling a person to go with him to the world of the dead. This is an unusual and momentous direct request, and so the applicative is not used. This emphasizes the usually direct nature of this statement. Example \REF{bkm:Ref122516350} is about a woman telling her mother to regret or repent of her sins, which also is an unusually frank thing for anyone to say to their parents.
+A: word: pa-atag	 gloss: T.R-give
+B: word: liag	 gloss: want
+C: word: pa-ambaļ	 gloss: T.R-say
+D: word: pa-ambaļ-an	 gloss: T.R-say-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ kay isab ta mga mama nay ya na duma. Lain man iran baļay daen.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1P.EXCL.ABS again NABS PL man 1P.EXCL.GEN DEF.F LK companion different also 3P.GEN house 3P.GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘We (the women) met together again with our male companions. As for them, their house was different (from ours).’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The root kita with the meaning of ‘see’ only occurs in happenstantial modality. The causative stem, pakita, may occur in dynamic modality with the meaning of ‘to show’. The reciprocal stem, kitaay ‘to meet together’, may also appear in dynamic modality. There are thirty-eight examples of stems based on kita functioning as predicates in dynamic modality in the corpus, twelve of which are causatives and twenty-six of which are reciprocals. Examples \REF{bkm:Ref121468636} and \REF{bkm:Ref121468640} illustrate the reciprocal usage:
+A: word: ga-tubang-ay	 gloss: I.R-facing-REC
+B: word: mag-mati	 gloss: I.IR-hear
+C: word: ga-kita-ay	 gloss: I.R-see-REC
+D: word: pag-kita-ay	 gloss: NR.ACT-see-REC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Pag-uļa nang lugay ___ nay en daguno ta iruplano.
+Gloss (with missing item): NR.ACT-NEG.R only/just long.time ___ 1P.EXCL.ERG CM drone.sound NABS airplane
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Not long afterwards, we heard the drone of the airplane.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The root mati ‘to hear/listen’ is of Class V, subclass Vb of non-volitional semantically transitive\is{semantic transitivity}\is{transitivity!semantic} roots, and Class VIII, volitional transitive roots, depending on the context. Both of these classes are those that take the applicative -an in their basic transitive form (see \chapref{chap:verbclasses-1}, \sectref{sec:overviewofeightverbclasses}). In happenstantial modality with the applicative, the meaning tends to be unintentional: ‘to hear’ (\ref{bkm:Ref121468755} and \ref{bkm:Ref121468759}), and in dynamic modalities the meaning is more intentional: ‘to listen’ (\ref{bkm:Ref121468840} and \ref{bkm:Ref121468843}):
+A: word: indya	 gloss: where
+B: word: na-mati-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-hear-APL
+C: word: ga-ng-ka-sebe	 gloss: I.R-PL-VBLZ-sad
+D: word: pa-mati-an	 gloss: T.R-hear-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ no ta ga-ļaļa an ta ikam paryo ta isya na ittaw na ga-type.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2S.ERG NABS I.R-weave DEF.M NABS mat same NABS one LK person LK I.R-type
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘When you listen to someone weaving a mat, it is the same as one person typing.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The root mati ‘to hear/listen’ is of Class V, subclass Vb of non-volitional semantically transitive\is{semantic transitivity}\is{transitivity!semantic} roots, and Class VIII, volitional transitive roots, depending on the context. Both of these classes are those that take the applicative -an in their basic transitive form (see \chapref{chap:verbclasses-1}, \sectref{sec:overviewofeightverbclasses}). In happenstantial modality with the applicative, the meaning tends to be unintentional: ‘to hear’ (\ref{bkm:Ref121468755} and \ref{bkm:Ref121468759}), and in dynamic modalities the meaning is more intentional: ‘to listen’ (\ref{bkm:Ref121468840} and \ref{bkm:Ref121468843}):
+A: word: inta	 gloss: OPT
+B: word: pa-mati-an	 gloss: T.R-hear-APL
+C: word: na-mati-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-hear-APL
+D: word: pa-batyag-an	 gloss: T.R-noticel-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Lain man iran na ambaļ na daw ___ no ma-tawa ka gid.
+Gloss (with missing item): dfferent too 3P.GEN LK say LK if/when ___ 2S.ERG A.HAP.IR-laugh 2S.ABS INT
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Their language is so different that if you listen to it, you might really laugh.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The root mati ‘to hear/listen’ is of Class V, subclass Vb of non-volitional semantically transitive\is{semantic transitivity}\is{transitivity!semantic} roots, and Class VIII, volitional transitive roots, depending on the context. Both of these classes are those that take the applicative -an in their basic transitive form (see \chapref{chap:verbclasses-1}, \sectref{sec:overviewofeightverbclasses}). In happenstantial modality with the applicative, the meaning tends to be unintentional: ‘to hear’ (\ref{bkm:Ref121468755} and \ref{bkm:Ref121468759}), and in dynamic modalities the meaning is more intentional: ‘to listen’ (\ref{bkm:Ref121468840} and \ref{bkm:Ref121468843}):
+A: word: ga-kita-ay	 gloss: I.R-see-REC
+B: word: ∅-mati-an	 gloss: T.IR-hear-APL
+C: word: ma-mati-an	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-hear-APL
+D: word: na-mati-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-hear-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ kay ta laygay Mayor naan plasa.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1P.EXCL.ABS NABS speech Mayor SPAT.DEF plaza
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘We will listen to the Mayor’s speech on the plaza.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \glt ‘We \textbf{will get to listen to} the Mayor’s speech on the plaza.’ (c.f. \REF{bkm:Ref123365713} above)
+A: word: na-mati-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-hear-APL
+B: word: pa-mati-an	 gloss: T.R-hear-APL
+C: word: mag-ambaļ	 gloss: I.IR-say
+D: word: mag-mati	 gloss: I.IR-hear
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ a din daw m-panaw a.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1S.ABS 3S.ERG if/when I.V.IR-go/walk 1S.ABS
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he took notice of me whenever I leave.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When the verb batyag is used in a transitive frame, the experiencer is in the ergative case and the stimulus, the item or sensation felt, is absolutive as in \REF{ex:becomingverybig} through \REF{bkm:Ref123389246}, and \REF{bkm:Ref122549938}. In an intransitive frame, the experiencer is absolutive and the stimulus, if present, is oblique (several examples from \ref{ex:willrun} through \ref{ex:asthmaattack}). Of the sixty examples of batyag used as a inflected predicate in the corpus, thirty-eight are in happenstantial modality plus the applicative \nobreakdash-an or its exclamatory equivalent -i (two examples). Twenty are expressed in dynamic modality (usages 6 and 7). There are no examples of batyag with the non-applicative exclamatory suffix -a.
+A: word: pa-batyag-an	 gloss: T.R-noticel-APL
+B: word: ga-intindi	 gloss: I.R-understand
+C: word: na-masmas--i	 gloss: A.HAP.R-notice-XC.APL
+D: word: na-batyag-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-feel-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Naan aren ta baybay Peek ___ ko en ļettem daw ka-kapoy ta ake na lawa.
+Gloss (with missing item): SPAT.DEF 1S.ABS NABS beach Peek ___ 1S.ERG CM hunger and NR-tired NABS 1S.GEN LK body
+The English translation of this sentence is:`When I was on the beach of Peek I felt hunger and exhaustion of my body.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{ex:becomingverybig} and \REF{bkm:Ref122532854} illustrate the difference in meaning between the first two usages of batyag. Both are from the same first person personal experience recounted by a fisherman whose boat overturned in rough seas. While fishing he noticed that he felt hungry, and uses nabatyag \REF{ex:becomingverybig} (usage 2). Then, after surviving the accident and coming ashore, he was feeling intense hunger and tiredness and used nabatyagan, shown in example \REF{bkm:Ref122532854} (usage 1):
+A: word: na-batyag-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-feel-APL
+B: word: na-liag-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-like/want-APL
+C: word: pa-batyag-an	 gloss: T.R-noticel-APL
+D: word: salíg	 gloss: think.wrongly
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Naan aren ta baybay Peek ___ ko en ļettem daw ka-kapoy ta ake na lawa.
+Gloss (with missing item): SPAT.DEF 1S.ABS NABS beach Peek ___ 1S.ERG CM hunger and NR-tired NABS 1S.GEN LK body
+The English translation of this sentence is:`When I was on the beach of Peek I felt hunger and exhaustion of my body.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{ex:becomingverybig} and \REF{bkm:Ref122532854} illustrate the difference in meaning between the first two usages of batyag. Both are from the same first person personal experience recounted by a fisherman whose boat overturned in rough seas. While fishing he noticed that he felt hungry, and uses nabatyag \REF{ex:becomingverybig} (usage 2). Then, after surviving the accident and coming ashore, he was feeling intense hunger and tiredness and used nabatyagan, shown in example \REF{bkm:Ref122532854} (usage 1):
+A: word: pa-batyag-an	 gloss: T.R-noticel-APL
+B: word: na-batyag-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-feel-APL
+C: word: ∅-mati-an	 gloss: T.IR-hear-APL
+D: word: na-liag-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-like/want-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Uļa nang lugay ___ ko na ga-baliskad en dyip na sakay-an nay.
+Gloss (with missing item): NEG.R only/just long.time ___ 1S.ERG LK I.R-upside.down CM jeep LK ride-NR 1P.EXCL.GEN
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Not a long time I felt that the jeep that we were riding was turning upside down.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{bkm:Ref121399507} and \REF{bkm:Ref123389246} illustrate the applicative stem batyagan inflected in happenstantial, realis modality, with a complement clause as the stimulus (usage 1):
+A: word: pa-batyag-an	 gloss: T.R-noticel-APL
+B: word: na-batyag-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-feel-APL
+C: word: pa-mati-an	 gloss: T.R-hear-APL
+D: word: na-liag-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-like/want-APL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ a din daw m-panaw a.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1S.ABS 3S.ERG if/when I.V.IR-go/walk 1S.ABS
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘S/he took notice of me whenever I leave.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are also no examples of the applicative used in dynamic, realis modality with this root in the corpus. Example \REF{bkm:Ref122549938} is from conversation (usage 7):
+A: word: pa-batyag-an	 gloss: T.R-noticel-APL
+B: word: na-batyag-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-feel-APL
+C: word: na-masmas--i	 gloss: A.HAP.R-notice-XC.APL
+D: word: ga-ng-ka-sebe	 gloss: I.R-PL-VBLZ-sad
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Man-o tak ___ ka?
+Gloss (with missing item): why because ___ 2S.ABS
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Why are you sorrowing?’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref123572729} illustrates that the pluraction prefix ng{}- is not strictly “agreement” with a plural experiencer, since the experiencer in this example is singular. Although pluraction for stems expressing sadness and joy overwhelmingly occur with plural experiencers, this is not a grammatical restriction. The sense in example \REF{bkm:Ref123572729} is that the actor is sorrowing over and over again, over a long period of time.
+A: word: ga-ng-ka-sebe	 gloss: I.R-PL-VBLZ-sad
+B: word: pag-ka-sellem	 gloss: NR.ACT-NR-morning
+C: word: ga-gaļ	 gloss: I.R-cry
+D: word: mag-mati	 gloss: I.IR-hear
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Man-o tak ___ ka?
+Gloss (with missing item): why because ___ 2S.ABS
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘Why are you sorrowing?’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example \REF{bkm:Ref123572729} illustrates that the pluraction prefix ng{}- is not strictly “agreement” with a plural experiencer, since the experiencer in this example is singular. Although pluraction for stems expressing sadness and joy overwhelmingly occur with plural experiencers, this is not a grammatical restriction. The sense in example \REF{bkm:Ref123572729} is that the actor is sorrowing over and over again, over a long period of time.
+A: word: ga-gaļ	 gloss: I.R-cry
+B: word: ga-intindi	 gloss: I.R-understand
+C: word: ga-ng-ka-sebe	 gloss: I.R-PL-VBLZ-sad
+D: word: pag-ka-sellem	 gloss: NR.ACT-NR-morning
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ man kanen ki kami na naan kay dya ga-tunuga.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ EMPH 3S.ABS OBL.P 1P.EXCL LK SPAT.DEF 1P.EXCL.ABS D4LOC I.R-sleep
+The English translation of this sentence is:`S/he was concerned for/took care of us when we slept there.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following are examples of intindi ‘to understand’ (from Spanish entender ‘to understand’) from the corpus. The only example in the corpus of the detransitive dynamic form of intindi is a reciprocal (\ref{bkm:Ref123631997}). However, other examples do occur in conversation (\ref{bkm:Ref123632049}). The reciprocal can mean either to understand each other or to get along together well:
+A: word: naka-intindi	 gloss: I.HAP.R-understand
+B: word: ino-en	 gloss: what-T.IR
+C: word: pa-mati-an	 gloss: T.R-hear-APL
+D: word: ga-intindi	 gloss: I.R-understand
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din daw ga-laeg-laeg a nang.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG if/when I.R-RED-joke 1S.ABS only/just
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘She thought wrongly that I was just joking.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The word salig ‘to think wrongly’ usually occurs as a bare root, and so may be thought of either as a “defective” verb, or something falling in between the verb and adverb categories. This is in contrast to the verbal root sálig ‘to trust’ (prominence on first syllable). In example \REF{bkm:Ref123650588} it is clear that salig 'to think wrongly' is functioning as a transitive predicate with an ergative Cognizer and a complement clause as the absolutive stimulus, though it carries no inflection.
+A: word: ga-negga	 gloss: I.R-lie
+B: word: salamat	 gloss: thank
+C: word: mag-mati	 gloss: I.IR-hear
+D: word: salíg	 gloss: think.wrongly
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 17:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ din na mag-kaan ta sidda na dilis.
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.ERG LK I.IR-eat NABS fish LK anchovies.
+The English translation of this sentence is:‘She wanted to eat anchovies.’
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As with other complement taking predicates, pronouns in the complement clause may be omitted when coreferential with the actor/experiencer \REF{bkm:Ref122109526}.
+A: word: pa-mati-an	 gloss: T.R-hear-APL
+B: word: kinangļan	 gloss: need
+C: word: na-liag-an	 gloss: A.HAP.R-like/want-APL
+D: word: liag	 gloss: want
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+

shuffled_multiple/Kalamang/min_knowledge_points_04MorphologicalUnits_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): in ___ paruon
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL ___ make
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We're making pig's language [= ugly language].'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Clitics follow affixes, as exemplified for the third-person possessive suffix -un and the object clitic =at in~(\ref{exe:pepmang}).
+A: word: timbang-un=ko	 gloss: forehead-3SG=LOC
+B: word: pep-mang-un=at	 gloss: pig-language-3POSS=OBJ
+C: word: tiri∼tiri	 gloss: sail∼PROG
+D: word: mangun	 gloss: language-3POSS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mat dan=i koyet ___ ecien=i sara
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.OBJ bury=PLNK finish ___ return=PLNK ascend
+The English translation of this sentence is:`After burying him [we] went back up.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: We also find the morpheme ___ in clauthe morpheme ___s where the subject is elided, as in example \ref{exe:matdani}, which consists of the clauthe morpheme ___s [after burying him] and [went back up]. The the morpheme ___cond clauthe morpheme ___ starts with the morpheme ___, and the subject `we' is elided.
+A: word: sem=ten=at	 gloss: afraid-ADJ=OBJ
+B: word: se	 gloss: IAM
+C: word: or=ko=te	 gloss: back=LOC=IMP
+D: word: halangan-rep=sawe	 gloss: trouble-get=too
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an se koi ___ yal yal tebol-suban war=i war=i eh sor nat=nin
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG IAM again ___ paddle paddle reef_edge-fish fish=PLNK fish=PLNK INT.E fish consume=NEG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I paddled and paddled again, fished at the reef edge, fished and fished, the fish didn't bite.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Kalamang also makes use of repetition\is{repetition}. Repetition is distinguished from reduplication by two diagnostics: repetition applies to the domain of the word (such that each repeated word carries its own stress) and repetition may have two or more copies (whereas reduplication involves two copies only). Repetition is different from tail-head linking (§\ref{sec:tailhead}) in that it occurs within the clause. As an example, consider the repetition of the morpheme ___ `to its gloss ___' (repeated three times, each repetition carrying a main stress) and war `to fish' in~(\ref{exe:wariw}) (repeated twice and with predicate linker =i). Reduplication is predominantly attested with verbs to indicate iteration or duration. %cite gil 2005?
+A: word: irul	 gloss: Irul
+B: word: yal=i	 gloss: paddle=PLNK
+C: word: ewa∼wa∼ewawa=in	 gloss: talk∼PROG∼PROG=PROH
+D: word: yal	 gloss: paddle
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an se koi yal ___ yal tebol-suban war=i war=i eh sor nat=nin
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG IAM again paddle ___ paddle reef_edge-fish fish=PLNK fish=PLNK INT.E fish consume=NEG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I paddled and paddled again, fished at the reef edge, fished and fished, the fish didn't bite.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Kalamang also makes use of repetition\is{repetition}. Repetition is distinguished from reduplication by two diagnostics: repetition applies to the domain of the word (such that each repeated word carries its own stress) and repetition may have two or more copies (whereas reduplication involves two copies only). Repetition is different from tail-head linking (§\ref{sec:tailhead}) in that it occurs within the clause. As an example, consider the repetition of the morpheme ___ `to its gloss ___' (repeated three times, each repetition carrying a main stress) and war `to fish' in~(\ref{exe:wariw}) (repeated twice and with predicate linker =i). Reduplication is predominantly attested with verbs to indicate iteration or duration. %cite gil 2005?
+A: word: bol-un=ko	 gloss: mouth-3POSS=LOC
+B: word: yal	 gloss: paddle
+C: word: yal=i	 gloss: paddle=PLNK
+D: word: ewa∼wa∼ewawa	 gloss: talk∼PROG∼PROG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an se koi yal yal ___ tebol-suban war=i war=i eh sor nat=nin
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG IAM again paddle paddle ___ reef_edge-fish fish=PLNK fish=PLNK INT.E fish consume=NEG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I paddled and paddled again, fished at the reef edge, fished and fished, the fish didn't bite.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Kalamang also makes use of repetition\is{repetition}. Repetition is distinguished from reduplication by two diagnostics: repetition applies to the domain of the word (such that each repeated word carries its own stress) and repetition may have two or more copies (whereas reduplication involves two copies only). Repetition is different from tail-head linking (§\ref{sec:tailhead}) in that it occurs within the clause. As an example, consider the repetition of the morpheme ___ `to its gloss ___' (repeated three times, each repetition carrying a main stress) and war `to fish' in~(\ref{exe:wariw}) (repeated twice and with predicate linker =i). Reduplication is predominantly attested with verbs to indicate iteration or duration. %cite gil 2005?
+A: word: yal=i	 gloss: paddle=PLNK
+B: word: yal	 gloss: paddle
+C: word: baranggap=i	 gloss: yellow=PLNK
+D: word: or=ko=te	 gloss: back=LOC=IMP
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an se koi yal yal yal tebol-suban ___ war=i eh sor nat=nin
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG IAM again paddle paddle paddle reef_edge-fish ___ fish=PLNK INT.E fish consume=NEG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I paddled and paddled again, fished at the reef edge, fished and fished, the fish didn't bite.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Kalamang also makes use of repetition\is{repetition}. Repetition is distinguished from reduplication by two diagnostics: repetition applies to the domain of the word (such that each repeated word carries its own stress) and repetition may have two or more copies (whereas reduplication involves two copies only). Repetition is different from tail-head linking (§\ref{sec:tailhead}) in that it occurs within the clause. As an example, consider the repetition of yal `to paddle' (repeated three times, each repetition carrying a main stress) and war `to fish' in~(\ref{exe:wariw}) (repeated twice and with predicate linker =i). Reduplication is predominantly attested with verbs to indicate iteration or duration. %cite gil 2005?
+A: word: kome=i	 gloss: look=PLNK
+B: word: war=i	 gloss: fish=PLNK
+C: word: war=kin	 gloss: fish={\glkin}
+D: word: tiri∼tiri	 gloss: sail∼PROG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an se koi yal yal yal tebol-suban war=i ___ eh sor nat=nin
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG IAM again paddle paddle paddle reef_edge-fish fish=PLNK ___ INT.E fish consume=NEG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I paddled and paddled again, fished at the reef edge, fished and fished, the fish didn't bite.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Kalamang also makes use of repetition\is{repetition}. Repetition is distinguished from reduplication by two diagnostics: repetition applies to the domain of the word (such that each repeated word carries its own stress) and repetition may have two or more copies (whereas reduplication involves two copies only). Repetition is different from tail-head linking (§\ref{sec:tailhead}) in that it occurs within the clause. As an example, consider the repetition of yal `to paddle' (repeated three times, each repetition carrying a main stress) and war `to fish' in~(\ref{exe:wariw}) (repeated twice and with predicate linker =i). Reduplication is predominantly attested with verbs to indicate iteration or duration. %cite gil 2005?
+A: word: kome=i	 gloss: look=PLNK
+B: word: war=i	 gloss: fish=PLNK
+C: word: war=kin	 gloss: fish={\glkin}
+D: word: or=ko=te	 gloss: back=LOC=IMP
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): warkin naman=et pi wandi siktak∼tak=i ___ tiri∼tiri
+Gloss (with missing item): tide deep=IRR 1PL.EXCL like_this slow∼INTS=PLNK ___ sail∼PROG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`When the tide is deep we sail slowly like this.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Repetition and reduplication may be combined. In~(\ref{exe:tiririri}), the reduplicated tiri `to sail' is repeated. There are thus two words in~(\ref{exe:tiririri}): [tiˈritiˌri] [tiˈritiˌri].
+A: word: or=ko=te	 gloss: back=LOC=IMP
+B: word: neba∼neba	 gloss: PH∼RED
+C: word: tiri	 gloss: sail
+D: word: tiri∼tiri	 gloss: sail∼PROG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): warkin naman=et pi wandi siktak∼tak=i tiri∼tiri ___
+Gloss (with missing item): tide deep=IRR 1PL.EXCL like_this slow∼INTS=PLNK sail∼PROG ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`When the tide is deep we sail slowly like this.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Repetition and reduplication may be combined. In~(\ref{exe:tiririri}), the reduplicated tiri `to sail' is repeated. There are thus two words in~(\ref{exe:tiririri}): [tiˈritiˌri] [tiˈritiˌri].
+A: word: tiri∼tiri	 gloss: sail∼PROG
+B: word: tiri	 gloss: sail
+C: word: war=i	 gloss: fish=PLNK
+D: word: neba∼neba	 gloss: PH∼RED
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): warkin naman=et pi wandi siktak∼tak=i ___ tiri∼tiri
+Gloss (with missing item): tide deep=IRR 1PL.EXCL like_this slow∼INTS=PLNK ___ sail∼PROG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`When the tide is deep we sail slowly like this.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Repetition and reduplication may be combined. In~(\ref{exe:tiririri}), the reduplicated tiri `to sail' is repeated. There are thus two words in~(\ref{exe:tiririri}): [tiˈritiˌri] [tiˈritiˌri].
+A: word: kewe=at=a	 gloss: house=OBJ=FOC
+B: word: tiri∼tiri	 gloss: sail∼PROG
+C: word: tiri	 gloss: sail
+D: word: neba∼neba	 gloss: PH∼RED
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): warkin naman=et pi wandi siktak∼tak=i tiri∼tiri ___
+Gloss (with missing item): tide deep=IRR 1PL.EXCL like_this slow∼INTS=PLNK sail∼PROG ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`When the tide is deep we sail slowly like this.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Repetition and reduplication may be combined. In~(\ref{exe:tiririri}), the reduplicated tiri `to sail' is repeated. There are thus two words in~(\ref{exe:tiririri}): [tiˈritiˌri] [tiˈritiˌri].
+A: word: pep-mang-un=at	 gloss: pig-language-3POSS=OBJ
+B: word: tiri	 gloss: sail
+C: word: neba∼neba	 gloss: PH∼RED
+D: word: tiri∼tiri	 gloss: sail∼PROG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma-mun ma neba ___ [...] ewa∼wa∼ewawa
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG-PROH 3SG PH ___ {} talk∼PROG∼PROG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She shouldn't talk, talk [disturbing].'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In a few rare cases, a reduplicated word is reduplicated. In~(\ref{exe:ewawawa}), the reduplicated reduplication is pronounced [ewaˈwaewaˌwa] (note the stress difference with a singly reduplicated ewa `to speak': /eˈwawa/).
+A: word: naras∼naras=in	 gloss: fight∼RED=PROH
+B: word: ewa∼wa∼ewawa	 gloss: talk∼PROG∼PROG
+C: word: or=ko=te	 gloss: back=LOC=IMP
+D: word: ewa∼wa∼ewawa=in	 gloss: talk∼PROG∼PROG=PROH
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma-mun ma neba ewa∼wa∼ewawa=in [...] ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG-PROH 3SG PH talk∼PROG∼PROG=PROH {} ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She shouldn't talk, talk [disturbing].'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In a few rare cases, a reduplicated word is reduplicated. In~(\ref{exe:ewawawa}), the reduplicated reduplication is pronounced [ewaˈwaewaˌwa] (note the stress difference with a singly reduplicated ewa `to speak': /eˈwawa/).
+A: word: tiri∼tiri	 gloss: sail∼PROG
+B: word: ewa∼wa∼ewawa=in	 gloss: talk∼PROG∼PROG=PROH
+C: word: ewa∼wa∼ewawa	 gloss: talk∼PROG∼PROG
+D: word: neba∼neba	 gloss: PH∼RED
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an ___ kon-i paruo
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ one-OBJQNT make
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I made a house.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Enclitics are frequently combined. Postpositions are the innermost enclitics, forming the base together with their host NP. They can be followed by focus marker =a (§\ref{sec:a}) when in argument function, as in~(\ref{exe:konia}). Several nouns with postpositions can be used in predicate function too (§\ref{sec:case}). When inflected with aspect and mood morphology or for negation, this follows the postpositions, as illustrated in~(\ref{exe:orkoree}).
+A: word: kewe=at	 gloss: house=OBJ
+B: word: wagom=ko	 gloss: Wagom=LOC
+C: word: ewa∼wa∼ewawa	 gloss: talk∼PROG∼PROG
+D: word: kewe=at=a	 gloss: house=OBJ=FOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ka me ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 2SG TOP ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`You're in the back!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Enclitics are frequently combined. Postpositions are the innermost enclitics, forming the base together with their host NP. They can be followed by focus marker =a (§\ref{sec:a}) when in argument function, as in~(\ref{exe:konia}). Several nouns with postpositions can be used in predicate function too (§\ref{sec:case}). When inflected with aspect and mood morphology or for negation, this follows the postpositions, as illustrated in~(\ref{exe:orkoree}).
+A: word: leng=ko=ten	 gloss: village=LOC=AT
+B: word: tiri∼tiri	 gloss: sail∼PROG
+C: word: metko=te	 gloss: DIST.LOC=IMP
+D: word: or=ko=te	 gloss: back=LOC=IMP
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+

shuffled_multiple/Kalamang/min_knowledge_points_05Wordclasses_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,572 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): teun ___
+Gloss (with missing item): fruit ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The fruits are bad.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Each verb licenses zero to three arguments\is{argument}. Verbs follow the subject and the object. There is no agreement marking on the verb.\footnote{Except for verbs in the imperative mood, which distinguish between singular and plural subjects (§\ref{sec:verbdistr}).} (\ref{exe:kalis}) contains a zero-intransitive clause without argument. (\ref{exe:monovstat}) has a monovalent stative verb and (\ref{exe:monov}) a monovalent active verb, each with one argument. (\ref{exe:biv}) shows a bivalent verb with its two arguments. (\ref{exe:triv}) contains a trivalent verb with its three arguments.\is{monovalent clause|see{intransitive clause}}\is{intransitive clause}\is{active verb}\is{bivalent clause|see{transitive clause}}\is{transitive clause}\is{trivalent clause|see{three-participant clause}}\is{three-participant clause}
+A: word: ten	 gloss: bad
+B: word: sem=ten=at	 gloss: afraid-ADJ=OBJ
+C: word: nak-puraman-i	 gloss: CLF_FRUIT1-how_many-OBJQNT
+D: word: kasian	 gloss: poor
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 3PL ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`They run.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Each verb licenses zero to three arguments\is{argument}. Verbs follow the subject and the object. There is no agreement marking on the verb.\footnote{Except for verbs in the imperative mood, which distinguish between singular and plural subjects (§\ref{sec:verbdistr}).} (\ref{exe:kalis}) contains a zero-intransitive clause without argument. (\ref{exe:monovstat}) has a monovalent stative verb and (\ref{exe:monov}) a monovalent active verb, each with one argument. (\ref{exe:biv}) shows a bivalent verb with its two arguments. (\ref{exe:triv}) contains a trivalent verb with its three arguments.\is{monovalent clause|see{intransitive clause}}\is{intransitive clause}\is{active verb}\is{bivalent clause|see{transitive clause}}\is{transitive clause}\is{trivalent clause|see{three-participant clause}}\is{three-participant clause}
+A: word: kiem-an	 gloss: basket-1SG.POSS
+B: word: karuok-i	 gloss: three-OBJQNT
+C: word: istar	 gloss: start
+D: word: kiem	 gloss: run
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): emun tumun=at ___
+Gloss (with missing item): mother child=OBJ ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The mother takes the child by the hand.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Each verb licenses zero to three arguments\is{argument}. Verbs follow the subject and the object. There is no agreement marking on the verb.\footnote{Except for verbs in the imperative mood, which distinguish between singular and plural subjects (§\ref{sec:verbdistr}).} (\ref{exe:kalis}) contains a zero-intransitive clause without argument. (\ref{exe:monovstat}) has a monovalent stative verb and (\ref{exe:monov}) a monovalent active verb, each with one argument. (\ref{exe:biv}) shows a bivalent verb with its two arguments. (\ref{exe:triv}) contains a trivalent verb with its three arguments.\is{monovalent clause|see{intransitive clause}}\is{intransitive clause}\is{active verb}\is{bivalent clause|see{transitive clause}}\is{transitive clause}\is{trivalent clause|see{three-participant clause}}\is{three-participant clause}
+A: word: kasi	 gloss: give
+B: word: karuok-i	 gloss: three-OBJQNT
+C: word: narorar=i	 gloss: drag=PLNK
+D: word: narorar	 gloss: take_by_hand
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu kawir-un=at mat ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 3PL hat-3POSS=OBJ 3SG.OBJ ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`They showed him the hat.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Each verb licenses zero to three arguments\is{argument}. Verbs follow the subject and the object. There is no agreement marking on the verb.\footnote{Except for verbs in the imperative mood, which distinguish between singular and plural subjects (§\ref{sec:verbdistr}).} (\ref{exe:kalis}) contains a zero-intransitive clause without argument. (\ref{exe:monovstat}) has a monovalent stative verb and (\ref{exe:monov}) a monovalent active verb, each with one argument. (\ref{exe:biv}) its gloss ___s a bivalent verb with its two arguments. (\ref{exe:triv}) contains a trivalent verb with its three arguments.\is{monovalent clause|see{intransitive clause}}\is{intransitive clause}\is{active verb}\is{bivalent clause|see{transitive clause}}\is{transitive clause}\is{trivalent clause|see{three-participant clause}}\is{three-participant clause}
+A: word: naunak	 gloss: show
+B: word: tumun-an=at	 gloss: child-1SG.POSS=OBJ
+C: word: naunak=te	 gloss: show=IMP
+D: word: kasur	 gloss: tomorrow
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): in se ___ yecie
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL IAM ___ return
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We sailed back.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Verbs may be part of complex predicates (Chapter~\ref{ch:svc}). (\ref{exe:svc}) shows a directional construction, with the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' and yecie `return' to express `its gloss ___ back'. (\ref{exe:svcmod}) combines a stative verb `be far' and a directional verb `descend' to form `go down far'.
+A: word: tiri∼tiri	 gloss: sail∼PROG
+B: word: yuwa	 gloss: PROX
+C: word: tiri	 gloss: sail
+D: word: fiber	 gloss: fibre_boat
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): in se tiri ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL IAM sail ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We sailed back.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Verbs may be part of complex predicates (Chapter~\ref{ch:svc}). (\ref{exe:svc}) shows a directional construction, with tiri `sail' and the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' to express `sail back'. (\ref{exe:svcmod}) combines a stative verb `be far' and a directional verb `descend' to form `go down far'.
+A: word: yecie	 gloss: return
+B: word: ecie-p∼cie-p	 gloss: return-DISTR∼DISTR-DISTR
+C: word: ecien=i	 gloss: return=PLNK
+D: word: eir	 gloss: two
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma ___ baran
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ descend
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He goes down far.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Verbs may be part of complex predicates (Chapter~\ref{ch:svc}). (\ref{exe:svc}) shows a directional construction, with tiri `sail' and yecie `return' to express `sail back'. (\ref{exe:svcmod}) combines a stative verb `be far' and a directional verb `descend' to form `go down far'.
+A: word: langsung=i	 gloss: directly=PLNK
+B: word: kahen=i	 gloss: far=PLNK
+C: word: kahen=tun	 gloss: long=too
+D: word: wat	 gloss: coconut
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma kahen=i ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG far=PLNK ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He goes down far.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Verbs may be part of complex predicates (Chapter~\ref{ch:svc}). (\ref{exe:svc}) shows a directional construction, with tiri `sail' and yecie `return' to express `sail back'. (\ref{exe:svcmod}) combines a stative verb `be far' and a directional verb `its gloss ___' to form `go down far'.
+A: word: tamandi=a	 gloss: how=FOC
+B: word: baran=taet	 gloss: descend=more
+C: word: nau=bes=tenden	 gloss: RECP=good=so
+D: word: baran	 gloss: descend
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ror ___
+Gloss (with missing item): wood ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`cut wood (wood that is cut)'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: All verbs can be used attributively\is{attribute}, that is, modifying a noun in a noun phrase (NP). In attributive function, verbs can carry the attributive clitic =ten (§\ref{sec:attr}). A verb in post-nominal position can be a predicate, in which case it is bare, or it can be a modifier, in which case it carries =ten. Consider the contrast in~(\ref{exe:rorpotma}). In~(\ref{exe:rorpotma}a), the noun ror `wood' is incorporated in the verb potma `cut'. In~(\ref{exe:rorpotma}b), the verb paramua `cut' functions as a modifier of the noun and carries the attributive enclitic =ten.
+A: word: paramuan=ten	 gloss: cut=AT
+B: word: wat	 gloss: coconut
+C: word: paramuan	 gloss: cut
+D: word: kawotman	 gloss: cut
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ror ___
+Gloss (with missing item): wood ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`cut wood (wood that is cut)'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: All verbs can be used attributively\is{attribute}, that is, modifying a noun in a noun phrase (NP). In attributive function, verbs can carry the attributive clitic =ten (§\ref{sec:attr}). A verb in post-nominal position can be a predicate, in which case it is bare, or it can be a modifier, in which case it carries =ten. Consider the contrast in~(\ref{exe:rorpotma}). In~(\ref{exe:rorpotma}a), the noun ror `wood' is incorporated in the verb potma `cut'. In~(\ref{exe:rorpotma}b), the verb paramua `cut' functions as a modifier of the noun and carries the attributive enclitic =ten.
+A: word: paramuan	 gloss: cut
+B: word: kawotman	 gloss: cut
+C: word: bot=kin	 gloss: go={\glkin}
+D: word: paramuan=ten	 gloss: cut=AT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ror ___
+Gloss (with missing item): wood ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`cut wood (wood that is cut)'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: All verbs can be used attributively\is{attribute}, that is, modifying a noun in a noun phrase (NP). In attributive function, verbs can carry the attributive clitic =ten (§\ref{sec:attr}). A verb in post-nominal position can be a predicate, in which case it is bare, or it can be a modifier, in which case it carries =ten. Consider the contrast in~(\ref{exe:rorpotma}). In~(\ref{exe:rorpotma}a), the noun ror `wood' is incorporated in the verb potma `cut'. In~(\ref{exe:rorpotma}b), the verb paramua `cut' functions as a modifier of the noun and carries the attributive enclitic =ten.
+A: word: kawotman	 gloss: cut
+B: word: bolon-i	 gloss: little-OBJQNT
+C: word: paramuan=ten	 gloss: cut=AT
+D: word: paramuan	 gloss: cut
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tumun ___ ririn
+Gloss (with missing item): child ___ tall
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The running child is tall.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Consider also the contrast in~(\ref{exe:kiemden}), where the two verbs are either used in attributive function modifying the subject, or in predicative function.
+A: word: giar=ten	 gloss: new=AT
+B: word: yuwa	 gloss: PROX
+C: word: kiem=ten	 gloss: run=AT
+D: word: sem=ten=at	 gloss: afraid-ADJ=OBJ
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ yuwa me warpas=a an=at melebor=ta
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PROX TOP witch=FOC 1SG=OBJ move_to_side=NFIN
+The English translation of this sentence is:`As for me, the witch shoved me aside.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Pronouns cthe morpheme ___ substitute for a NP in subject the morpheme ___d object position. Like nouns, they cthe morpheme ___ be modified by, for example, a quthe morpheme ___tifier as in~(\ref{exe:inikon1}) or a demonstrative as in~(\ref{exe:warpas}).
+A: word: kibis-kadok=at	 gloss: shore-side=OBJ
+B: word: eir-gan	 gloss: two-all
+C: word: anggon=ki	 gloss: 1SG.POSS=INS
+D: word: an	 gloss: 1SG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an ___ me warpas=a an=at melebor=ta
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ TOP witch=FOC 1SG=OBJ move_to_side=NFIN
+The English translation of this sentence is:`As for me, the witch shoved me aside.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Pronouns can substitute for a NP in subject and object position. Like nouns, they can be modified by, for example, a quantifier as in~(\ref{exe:inikon1}) or a demonstrative as in~(\ref{exe:warpas}).
+A: word: yuwat	 gloss: PROX.OBJ
+B: word: wangga	 gloss: PROX.LAT
+C: word: waruo=teba	 gloss: wash={\glteba}
+D: word: yuwa	 gloss: PROX
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma ___ na
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ consume
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He drinks his [one/drink].'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Pronouns do not carry possessive morphology. Instead there is a paradigm of possessive pronouns which can be used pronominally as well as adnominally (§\ref{sec:possprons}. The paradigm is given in Table~\ref{tab:posspronk} and an example with a possessive pronoun in object position is given in~(\ref{exe:possobj}).
+A: word: main=at	 gloss: 3POSS=OBJ
+B: word: mu=at	 gloss: 3PL=OBJ
+C: word: kain=at	 gloss: 2SG.POSS=OBJ
+D: word: reidak	 gloss: many
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kewe=at ___ in paruo
+Gloss (with missing item): house=OBJ ___ 1PL.EXCL make
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Three houses we made.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:numattr}) has the quantifier karuok `four' as an adnominal modifier to kewe `house'. Quantifiers have a fixed position in the NP (§\ref{sec:nomphr}); they follow the noun and possessive suffix, and precede possessive pronouns. In~(\ref{exe:numnom}), the nominal referent is clear from the context, and so the quantifier eir `two' is the NP head.
+A: word: kansuor-i	 gloss: four-OBJQNT
+B: word: karuok-i	 gloss: three-OBJQNT
+C: word: kiem	 gloss: run
+D: word: wan-karuok-i	 gloss: time-three-OBJQNT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ nau=namanghadap
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ REC=face
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Two [animals] face each other.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:numattr}) has the quantifier karuok `four' as an adnominal modifier to kewe `house'. Quantifiers have a fixed position in the NP (§\ref{sec:nomphr}); they follow the noun and possessive suffix, and precede possessive pronouns. In~(\ref{exe:numnom}), the nominal referent is clear from the context, and so the quantifier the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' is the NP head.
+A: word: yecie	 gloss: return
+B: word: eir	 gloss: two
+C: word: un-deir=i	 gloss: REFL-bring=PLNK
+D: word: eir-gan	 gloss: two-all
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 17:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): in ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We were many.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:inthe morpheme ___}) illustrates the use of quantifier the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' in predicate function.
+A: word: ripi	 gloss: thousand
+B: word: reidak	 gloss: many
+C: word: reidak-i	 gloss: much-OBJQNT
+D: word: kiem	 gloss: run
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 18:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mingtun=at ___ ko=yuon
+Gloss (with missing item): palm_oil=OBJ ___ APPL=rub
+The English translation of this sentence is:`[You] rub a little palm oil on.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The suffix -i occurs on quantifiers in object\is{object} position, as illustrated in~(\ref{exe:mingtun}).
+A: word: bolon∼bolon=tun	 gloss: little∼INTS=INTS
+B: word: bolon-i	 gloss: little-OBJQNT
+C: word: ikon-i	 gloss: some-OBJQNT
+D: word: eir-gan	 gloss: two-all
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 19:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): som ___ pas kodak
+Gloss (with missing item): person ___ woman only_one
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Only one person, only one woman.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The suffix -tak `just, only' is illustrated in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___}). When suffixed to kon `one', it results in the morpheme ___ instead of the expected kondak.\footnote{Note the similarity of this suffix with the last part of the pronominal suffix -autak `alone', Chapter~\ref{ch:pron}, and the last part of reidak `many', example~\ref{exe:inreidak}.}
+A: word: koi	 gloss: again
+B: word: kodak-pis	 gloss: just_one-side
+C: word: sabar-kadok=a	 gloss: front-side=FOC
+D: word: kodak	 gloss: only_one
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 20:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): som kodak pas ___
+Gloss (with missing item): person only_one woman ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Only one person, only one woman.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The suffix -tak `just, only' is illustrated in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___}). When suffixed to kon `one', it results in the morpheme ___ instead of the expected kondak.\footnote{Note the similarity of this suffix with the last part of the pronominal suffix -autak `alone', Chapter~\ref{ch:pron}, and the last part of reidak `many', example~\ref{exe:inreidak}.}
+A: word: kodak-pis	 gloss: just_one-side
+B: word: kodak	 gloss: only_one
+C: word: tamandi=a	 gloss: how=FOC
+D: word: mamun=et	 gloss: leave=IRR
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 21:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): in ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We were many.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The suffix -tak `just, only' is illustrated in~(\ref{exe:kodak}). When suffixed to kon `one', it results in kodak instead of the expected kondak.\footnote{Note the similarity of this suffix with the last part of the pronominal suffix -autak `alone', Chapter~\ref{ch:pron}, and the last part of the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___', example~\ref{exe:inthe morpheme ___}.}
+A: word: reidak	 gloss: many
+B: word: ripi	 gloss: thousand
+C: word: kiem	 gloss: run
+D: word: reidak-i	 gloss: much-OBJQNT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 22:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): goni-kinkin kilo ___ Bulog yuwane
+Gloss (with missing item): sack-small kilo ___ Bulog PROX
+The English translation of this sentence is:`[It] comes in small sacks of fifteen kilos each, this Bulog rice.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Reduplication\is{reduplication} of numerals denotes distributivity (indicating that the number applies to each referent, or that the referents are divided into groups of the size the numeral indicates, \citealt{gil2013}). \is{distributive}Distributive numerals can be in attributive\is{attribute} function following the noun, as in~(\ref{exe:dstrbnum}), but may also be used predicatively. %predicative use: see q wc 2019, ror tebonggan pusun putkonkon.
+A: word: putkon_ba_ap∼ap=kin	 gloss: fifteen∼DISTR=POSS
+B: word: putkon=kin	 gloss: ten=POSS
+C: word: wat	 gloss: coconut
+D: word: kain=kin	 gloss: 2SG.POSS=POSS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 23:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kon=a ma tan-un=at ___ madong
+Gloss (with missing item): one=FOC 3SG hand-3POSS=OBJ ___ stretch
+The English translation of this sentence is:`One, he stretches out both his arms.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Numerals, including pronouns inflected with a numeral (§\ref{sec:wcprons}), can carry the suffix -gan `all'. This suffix is most commonly used with eir `two' to create eirgan `both', as in~(\ref{exe:eirgan}).
+A: word: mier-gan	 gloss: 3PL-both
+B: word: putkon_ba_ap∼ap=kin	 gloss: fifteen∼DISTR=POSS
+C: word: eir-gan	 gloss: two-all
+D: word: eir	 gloss: two
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 24:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma ___ paruo
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ make
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She made this.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The same root is used in all positions, as illustrated below for proximal wa. Wa and me as adnominal and pronominal demonstratives are infrequent; almost all corpus occurrences of wa and me are identificational. The three uses are illustrated in (\ref{exe:demad}) (adnominal), (\ref{exe:demad2}) (pronominal), (\ref{exe:demid}) (identificational in argument function) and~(\ref{exe:demidpred}) (identificational in predicate function). When used adnominally or identificationally in argument function, the demonstrative is almost invariably followed by me `\glme'.
+A: word: watko	 gloss: PROX.LOC
+B: word: wat	 gloss: PROX.OBJ
+C: word: yuwa=at	 gloss: PROX=OBJ
+D: word: yuwa	 gloss: PROX
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 25:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ me yartep
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ TOP sardine
+The English translation of this sentence is:`This is a sardine.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The same root is used in all positions, as illustrated below for proximal the morpheme ___. Wa and me as adnominal and pronominal demonstratives are infrequent; almost all corpus occurrences of the morpheme ___ and me are identificational. The three uses are illustrated in (\ref{exe:demad}) (adnominal), (\ref{exe:demad2}) (pronominal), (\ref{exe:demid}) (identificational in argument function) and~(\ref{exe:demidpred}) (identificational in predicate function). When used adnominally or identificationally in argument function, the demonstrative is almost invariably followed by me `\glme'.
+A: word: ewa∼wa=in	 gloss: speak∼PROG=PROH
+B: word: wangga	 gloss: PROX.LAT
+C: word: wa	 gloss: PROX
+D: word: opa	 gloss: {\glopa}
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 26:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): namun=a ___ kiun=a wa tumun-un=a wa
+Gloss (with missing item): husband.3POSS=FOC ___ wife.3POSS=FOC PROX child-3POSS=FOC PROX
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Her husband is this, his wife is this, their child is this.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The same root is used in all positions, as illustrated below for proximal the morpheme ___. Wa and me as adnominal and pronominal demonstratives are infrequent; almost all corpus occurrences of the morpheme ___ and me are identificational. The three uses are illustrated in (\ref{exe:demad}) (adnominal), (\ref{exe:demad2}) (pronominal), (\ref{exe:demid}) (identificational in argument function) and~(\ref{exe:demidpred}) (identificational in predicate function). When used adnominally or identificationally in argument function, the demonstrative is almost invariably followed by me `\glme'.
+A: word: ewa∼wa=in	 gloss: speak∼PROG=PROH
+B: word: wangga	 gloss: PROX.LAT
+C: word: wa	 gloss: PROX
+D: word: kodak	 gloss: only_one
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 27:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): namun=a wa kiun=a ___ tumun-un=a wa
+Gloss (with missing item): husband.3POSS=FOC PROX wife.3POSS=FOC ___ child-3POSS=FOC PROX
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Her husband is this, his wife is this, their child is this.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The same root is used in all positions, as illustrated below for proximal the morpheme ___. Wa and me as adnominal and pronominal demonstratives are infrequent; almost all corpus occurrences of the morpheme ___ and me are identificational. The three uses are illustrated in (\ref{exe:demad}) (adnominal), (\ref{exe:demad2}) (pronominal), (\ref{exe:demid}) (identificational in argument function) and~(\ref{exe:demidpred}) (identificational in predicate function). When used adnominally or identificationally in argument function, the demonstrative is almost invariably followed by me `\glme'.
+A: word: wangga	 gloss: PROX.LAT
+B: word: eir-gan	 gloss: two-all
+C: word: wa	 gloss: PROX
+D: word: ewa∼wa=in	 gloss: speak∼PROG=PROH
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 28:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): namun=a wa kiun=a wa tumun-un=a ___
+Gloss (with missing item): husband.3POSS=FOC PROX wife.3POSS=FOC PROX child-3POSS=FOC ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Her husband is this, his wife is this, their child is this.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The same root is used in all positions, as illustrated below for proximal the morpheme ___. Wa and me as adnominal and pronominal demonstratives are infrequent; almost all corpus occurrences of the morpheme ___ and me are identificational. The three uses are illustrated in (\ref{exe:demad}) (adnominal), (\ref{exe:demad2}) (pronominal), (\ref{exe:demid}) (identificational in argument function) and~(\ref{exe:demidpred}) (identificational in predicate function). When used adnominally or identificationally in argument function, the demonstrative is almost invariably followed by me `\glme'.
+A: word: wa	 gloss: PROX
+B: word: baran	 gloss: descend
+C: word: ewa∼wa=in	 gloss: speak∼PROG=PROH
+D: word: wangga	 gloss: PROX.LAT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 29:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma tama ka bo minggalot-an ___ komere
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG where 2SG go bedroom-1SG.POSS ___ look
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Where is it? You go look in my bedroom down there.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \is{demonstrative!elevational}elevationals the morpheme ___ `\textsc{down}' and osa `\textsc{up}' can only be used adnominally and identificationally. This is illustrated for the morpheme ___ `\textsc{down}' in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___kom}) (adnominal) and~(\ref{exe:lempthe morpheme ___}) (identificational).
+A: word: kacang	 gloss: beans
+B: word: karuok-i	 gloss: three-OBJQNT
+C: word: yawetko	 gloss: DOWN.LOC
+D: word: yawe	 gloss: DOWN
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 30:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): lempuang ___
+Gloss (with missing item): island ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The island is down there.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \is{demonstrative!elevational}elevationals the morpheme ___ `\textsc{down}' and osa `\textsc{up}' can only be used adnominally and identificationally. This is illustrated for the morpheme ___ `\textsc{down}' in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___kom}) (adnominal) and~(\ref{exe:lempthe morpheme ___}) (identificational).
+A: word: yawetko	 gloss: DOWN.LOC
+B: word: yawe	 gloss: DOWN
+C: word: lebe	 gloss: exceed
+D: word: wat	 gloss: coconut
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 31:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): udang ___ ka kuet=nin
+Gloss (with missing item): lobster ___ 2SG get=NEG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Didn't you get that lobster (we talked about earlier)?'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, there is a demonstrative the morpheme ___, which is always used adnominally. It signals that a referent represents shared knowledge between the speaker and addressee. This demonstrative is further described in §\ref{sec:demthe morpheme ___} and~\textcite{visser2020}. An example is given in~(\ref{exe:udangthe morpheme ___}).
+A: word: eir	 gloss: two
+B: word: war=kin	 gloss: fish={\glkin}
+C: word: opa	 gloss: {\glopa}
+D: word: opa_yuwa	 gloss: today
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 32:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu ___ koi yal
+Gloss (with missing item): 3PL ___ again paddle
+The English translation of this sentence is:`They already paddled again.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following examples illustrate post-subject iamitive the morpheme ___ and koi `again' in (\ref{exe:hekoi}), clauthe morpheme ___-final reon `maybe' in (\ref{exe:gongreon}), clauthe morpheme ___-initial temporal adverbials and progressive =teba and volitional =kin on the predicate in (\ref{exe:kasurm}).
+A: word: ten	 gloss: bad
+B: word: kodak	 gloss: only_one
+C: word: sem=ten=at	 gloss: afraid-ADJ=OBJ
+D: word: se	 gloss: IAM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 33:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu se ___ yal
+Gloss (with missing item): 3PL IAM ___ paddle
+The English translation of this sentence is:`They already paddled again.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following examples illustrate post-subject iamitive se and the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' in (\ref{exe:hethe morpheme ___}), clause-final reon `maybe' in (\ref{exe:gongreon}), clause-initial temporal adverbials and progressive =teba and volitional =kin on the predicate in (\ref{exe:kasurm}).
+A: word: koup	 gloss: hug
+B: word: koi	 gloss: again
+C: word: eba	 gloss: then
+D: word: bot=kin	 gloss: go={\glkin}
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 34:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma toni ___ an dodon waruo=teba kasur mu kolak=ka bot=kin
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG say ___ 1SG clothes wash={\glteba} tomorrow 3PL mountain=LAT go={\glkin}
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She said: ``Today I'm washing clothes.'' Tomorrow they want to go to the mountains.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following examples illustrate post-subject iamitive se and koi `again' in (\ref{exe:hekoi}), clause-final reon `maybe' in (\ref{exe:gongreon}), clause-initial temporal adverbials and progressive =teba and volitional =kin on the predicate in (\ref{exe:kasurm}).
+A: word: wis	 gloss: yesterday
+B: word: yuwa	 gloss: PROX
+C: word: bolon-i	 gloss: little-OBJQNT
+D: word: opa_yuwa	 gloss: today
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 35:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma toni opa_yuwa an dodon ___ kasur mu kolak=ka bot=kin
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG say today 1SG clothes ___ tomorrow 3PL mountain=LAT go={\glkin}
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She said: ``Today I'm washing clothes.'' Tomorrow they want to go to the mountains.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following examples illustrate post-subject iamitive se and koi `again' in (\ref{exe:hekoi}), clause-final reon `maybe' in (\ref{exe:gongreon}), clause-initial temporal adverbials and progressive =teba and volitional =kin on the predicate in (\ref{exe:kasurm}).
+A: word: don-nabaca=teba	 gloss: thing-read={\glteba}
+B: word: naluar=teba	 gloss: slacken=\glteba
+C: word: koi	 gloss: again
+D: word: waruo=teba	 gloss: wash={\glteba}
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 36:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma toni opa_yuwa an dodon waruo=teba ___ mu kolak=ka bot=kin
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG say today 1SG clothes wash={\glteba} ___ 3PL mountain=LAT go={\glkin}
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She said: ``Today I'm washing clothes.'' Tomorrow they want to go to the mountains.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following examples illustrate post-subject iamitive se and koi `again' in (\ref{exe:hekoi}), clause-final reon `maybe' in (\ref{exe:gongreon}), clause-initial temporal adverbials and progressive =teba and volitional =kin on the predicate in (\ref{exe:the morpheme ___m}).
+A: word: kasur=et	 gloss: tomorrow=IRR
+B: word: kasur	 gloss: tomorrow
+C: word: yawe	 gloss: DOWN
+D: word: tum∼tum	 gloss: child∼PL
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 37:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma toni opa_yuwa an dodon waruo=teba kasur mu kolak=ka ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG say today 1SG clothes wash={\glteba} tomorrow 3PL mountain=LAT ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She said: ``Today I'm washing clothes.'' Tomorrow they want to go to the mountains.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following examples illustrate post-subject iamitive se and koi `again' in (\ref{exe:hekoi}), clause-final reon `maybe' in (\ref{exe:gongreon}), clause-initial temporal adverbials and progressive =teba and volitional =kin on the predicate in (\ref{exe:kasurm}).
+A: word: bot=kin	 gloss: go={\glkin}
+B: word: bo=te	 gloss: go={\glte}
+C: word: kewe-paruot=kin	 gloss: house-make=VOL
+D: word: eir	 gloss: two
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 38:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ema ___
+Gloss (with missing item): mother ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Where is mother?'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Tamangga `to/from its gloss ___' and the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' are formed with tama plus the lative or the locative enclitic, respectively (for the morphosyntax see §\ref{sec:problems}). They have verbal properties. Tamangga, like other words carrying lative =ka, is primarily used in \is{predicate!complex} complex predicates (see Chapter~\ref{ch:svc}), for example with jie `get' in~(\ref{exe:tamjie}). Tamatko, like other words carrying locative =ko, is usually in predicate function. It can stand on its own, as illustrated in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___}), or be accompanied by another verb. A short form of the morpheme ___ is tama. These suffixes are also described in §\ref{sec:lat} and~\ref{sec:loc}.\is{question word}\is{location}
+A: word: tamatko	 gloss: where
+B: word: tamatko=et	 gloss: where=IRR
+C: word: paramuan=ten	 gloss: cut=AT
+D: word: kol	 gloss: outside
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 39:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): din saerak in ___ lampur=at komele
+Gloss (with missing item): fire NEG_EXIST 1PL.EXCL ___ lamp=OBJ burn
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There was no fire, how could we burn the lamps?'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Tamandi is an adverbial question word. It is illustrated modifying komele `burn' in~(\ref{exe:qadv}), and paruo `do' in~(\ref{exe:babut}) below. In addition, it is used as a \is{greeting}greeting with the meaning `how are you doing?'. It seems to contain the suffix -ndi, which is also found on manner demonstratives (§\ref{sec:mqqd}).
+A: word: tamatko=a	 gloss: where=FOC
+B: word: tamandi=kin	 gloss: how=VOL
+C: word: tamandi=a	 gloss: how=FOC
+D: word: kiem=ten	 gloss: run=AT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 40:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma muawese ___ ma tamandi paruot=et
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG hungry ___ 3SG how do=IRR
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He's hungry but what can he do?'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Tamandi is an adverbial question word. It is illustrated modifying komele `burn' in~(\ref{exe:qadv}), and paruo `do' in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___its gloss ___}) below. In addition, it is used as a \is{greeting}greeting with the meaning `how are you doing?'. It seems to contain the suffix -ndi, which is also found on manner demonstratives (§\ref{sec:mqqd}).
+A: word: ba	 gloss: but
+B: word: nabestai	 gloss: well
+C: word: naluar=teba	 gloss: slacken=\glteba
+D: word: yuwa	 gloss: PROX
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 41:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): wat ___ mindi kajie
+Gloss (with missing item): coconut ___ like_that pick
+The English translation of this sentence is:`How many coconuts did [we] pick like that?'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Puraman `how many' replaces a quantifier. (\ref{exe:pel}) illustrates puraman following a classifier (§\ref{sec:clf}).
+A: word: putkon_ba_ap∼ap=kin	 gloss: fifteen∼DISTR=POSS
+B: word: tep-eir	 gloss: CLF_FRUIT2-two
+C: word: taraman-kodak	 gloss: fathom-just_one
+D: word: nak-puraman-i	 gloss: CLF_FRUIT1-how_many-OBJQNT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 42:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma muawese ___ ma tamandi paruot=et
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG hungry ___ 3SG how do=IRR
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He's hungry but what can he do?'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ba `its gloss ___' is an adversative coordinator\is{conjunction!adversative}, as illustrated in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___its gloss ___}). It is also used to conjoin numerals\is{numeral} between 11 and 29, as described in §\ref{sec:cardnum}.
+A: word: yawe	 gloss: DOWN
+B: word: ba	 gloss: but
+C: word: naluar=teba	 gloss: slacken=\glteba
+D: word: nabestai	 gloss: well
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 43:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): saban potmat=et ___ kanggaran paruot=et
+Gloss (with missing item): bamboo cut=IRR ___ bamboo_floor make=IRR
+The English translation of this sentence is:`[One] cuts bamboo, then [one] makes the bamboo floor.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Eba `its gloss ___' is used to connect two clauses that refer to sequential events\is{conjunction!sequential}. Intonationally, it belongs to the second clause. Koi `its gloss ___' also expresses sequential meaning, but is often placed after the subject, although it can also be clause-initial when the subject is elided. There is no restriction on the combination of eba and the morpheme ___. (\ref{exe:eba}) illustrates post-subject the morpheme ___ and eba. (\ref{exe:the morpheme ___cllnk}) illustrates the morpheme ___ clause-initially in an example where there is no subject because it is from a procedural text explaining how to build a traditional house. Koi is also an adverbial that means `again', see §\ref{sec:wcadv}.
+A: word: koi	 gloss: then
+B: word: tapi	 gloss: but
+C: word: koup	 gloss: hug
+D: word: baran	 gloss: descend
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+

shuffled_multiple/Kalamang/min_knowledge_points_06Nouns_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,884 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mier-gan neba-un kit-pis ___ eir-gan
+Gloss (with missing item): 3PL-both what-3POSS top-side ___ two-both
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Both their whatsits point up, both on the very edge.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:siepsiep}) and~(\ref{exe:siun}) show siep- `edge' inflected with third-person possessive -un and with both -un and locative =ko. (\ref{exe:kitko}),~(\ref{exe:kitpis}) and~(\ref{exe:kitkadok}) show kit- `top' with locative =ko, -pis `side' and -kadok `side'.
+A: word: siep-un=ko	 gloss: edge-3POSS=LOC
+B: word: me=bon	 gloss: DIST=COM
+C: word: siep∼siep-un	 gloss: edge∼INTS-3POSS
+D: word: muin	 gloss: 3POSS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu se koi wat pes=at di=kahalong ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 3PL IAM then coconut shell=OBJ CAUS=spear ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Then they put coconut shell on the edge of the spear.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:siepsiep}) and~(\ref{exe:siun}) show siep- `edge' inflected with third-person possessive -un and with both -un and locative =ko. (\ref{exe:kitko}),~(\ref{exe:kitpis}) and~(\ref{exe:kitkadok}) show kit- `top' with locative =ko, -pis `side' and -kadok `side'.
+A: word: elak-un=ko	 gloss: bottom-3POSS=LOC
+B: word: siep-un=ko	 gloss: edge-3POSS=LOC
+C: word: siep∼siep-un	 gloss: edge∼INTS-3POSS
+D: word: reitkon=at=a	 gloss: hundred=OBJ=FOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He's up [there].'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:siepsiep}) and~(\ref{exe:siun}) show siep- `edge' inflected with third-person possessive -un and with both -un and locative =ko. (\ref{exe:kitko}),~(\ref{exe:kitpis}) and~(\ref{exe:kitkadok}) show kit- `top' with locative =ko, -pis `side' and -kadok `side'.
+A: word: towari∼wa=ten	 gloss: young∼RED=AT
+B: word: tanbes-pis=ko	 gloss: right-side=LOC
+C: word: kit=ko	 gloss: top=LOC
+D: word: naun-keit=ko=nin	 gloss: soil-top=LOC=NEG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma ___ sarat=nin ma elak-pis=i=a barat=et
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ ascend=NEG 3SG down-side=PLNK=FOC descend=IRR
+The English translation of this sentence is:`It doesn't go up, it goes down.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:siepsiep}) and~(\ref{exe:siun}) show siep- `edge' inflected with third-person possessive -un and with both -un and locative =ko. (\ref{exe:kitko}),~(\ref{exe:kitpis}) and~(\ref{exe:kitkadok}) show kit- `top' with locative =ko, -pis `side' and -kadok `side'.
+A: word: kit-pis	 gloss: top-\textbf{side}
+B: word: kit-pis=i	 gloss: top-side=PLNK
+C: word: konenen-un	 gloss: remember-NMLZ
+D: word: elak-pis=i=a	 gloss: down-side=PLNK=FOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma kit-pis=i sarat=nin ma ___ barat=et
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG top-side=PLNK ascend=NEG 3SG ___ descend=IRR
+The English translation of this sentence is:`It doesn't go up, it goes down.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:siepsiep}) and~(\ref{exe:siun}) show siep- `edge' inflected with third-person possessive -un and with both -un and locative =ko. (\ref{exe:kitko}),~(\ref{exe:kitpis}) and~(\ref{exe:kitkadok}) show kit- `top' with locative =ko, -pis `side' and -kadok `side'.
+A: word: an=konggo	 gloss: 1SG=AN.LOC
+B: word: elak-pis=i=a	 gloss: down-side=PLNK=FOC
+C: word: kit-pis=i	 gloss: top-side=PLNK
+D: word: elak-pis	 gloss: down-\textbf{side}
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kewe-un ___
+Gloss (with missing item): house-3POSS ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`His house is at the top.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:siepsiep}) and~(\ref{exe:siun}) show siep- `edge' inflected with third-person possessive -un and with both -un and locative =ko. (\ref{exe:kitko}),~(\ref{exe:kitpis}) and~(\ref{exe:kitkadok}) show kit- `top' with locative =ko, -pis `side' and -kadok `side'.
+A: word: kit-kadok=at	 gloss: top-side=OBJ
+B: word: kit-kadok	 gloss: top-side
+C: word: me=bon	 gloss: DIST=COM
+D: word: elak-kadok	 gloss: bottom-side
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma ___ sarat=nin ma elak-pis=i=a barat=et
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ ascend=NEG 3SG down-side=PLNK=FOC descend=IRR
+The English translation of this sentence is:`It doesn't go up, it goes down.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Note that nouns with -pis and -kadok can be used predicatively (illustrated for -pis in~\ref{exe:kitpis} and for -kadok in~\ref{exe:kitkadok}), or can be arguments, as illustrated for the object NPs in~(\ref{exe:pisat}) and~(\ref{exe:kosat}).
+A: word: goras=kongga	 gloss: crow=AN.LAT
+B: word: kit-pis	 gloss: top-\textbf{side}
+C: word: kit-pis=i	 gloss: top-side=PLNK
+D: word: elak-pis=i=a	 gloss: down-side=PLNK=FOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma kit-pis=i sarat=nin ma ___ barat=et
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG top-side=PLNK ascend=NEG 3SG ___ descend=IRR
+The English translation of this sentence is:`It doesn't go up, it goes down.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Note that nouns with -pis and -kadok can be used predicatively (illustrated for -pis in~\ref{exe:kitpis} and for -kadok in~\ref{exe:kitkadok}), or can be arguments, as illustrated for the object NPs in~(\ref{exe:pisat}) and~(\ref{exe:kosat}).
+A: word: kit-pis=i	 gloss: top-side=PLNK
+B: word: elak-pis	 gloss: down-\textbf{side}
+C: word: naun-keit=ko=nin	 gloss: soil-top=LOC=NEG
+D: word: elak-pis=i=a	 gloss: down-side=PLNK=FOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kewe-un ___
+Gloss (with missing item): house-3POSS ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`His house is at the top.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Note that nouns with -pis and -kadok can be used predicatively (illustrated for -pis in~\ref{exe:kitpis} and for -kadok in~\ref{exe:kitkadok}), or can be arguments, as illustrated for the object NPs in~(\ref{exe:pisat}) and~(\ref{exe:kosat}).
+A: word: elak-kadok	 gloss: bottom-side
+B: word: kolak=ko=nin	 gloss: mainland=LOC=NEG
+C: word: kit-kadok	 gloss: top-side
+D: word: kit-kadok=at	 gloss: top-side=OBJ
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kon kahaman-un ___ kon elak-pis ba temun
+Gloss (with missing item): one bottom-3POSS ___ one down-side but big
+The English translation of this sentence is:`One's bottom is at the top, one is at the bottom, but [it's] big.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: These suffixes, like locative =ko and lative =ka, are not exclusive to locational nouns. One example with predicative nouns -pis is given in~(\ref{exe:pis1}).
+A: word: elak-pis	 gloss: down-\textbf{side}
+B: word: kit-pis=i	 gloss: top-side=PLNK
+C: word: minggi	 gloss: DIST.INS
+D: word: kit-pis	 gloss: top-\textbf{side}
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kon kahaman-un kit-pis kon ___ ba temun
+Gloss (with missing item): one bottom-3POSS top-side one ___ but big
+The English translation of this sentence is:`One's bottom is at the top, one is at the bottom, but [it's] big.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: These suffixes, like locative =ko and lative =ka, are not exclusive to locational nouns. One example with predicative nouns -pis is given in~(\ref{exe:pis1}).
+A: word: kit-pis	 gloss: top-\textbf{side}
+B: word: elak-pis	 gloss: down-\textbf{side}
+C: word: elak-pis=i=a	 gloss: down-side=PLNK=FOC
+D: word: goras=kongga	 gloss: crow=AN.LAT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tumtum ___ me Bobi emun=a kona
+Gloss (with missing item): children ___ TOP Bobi mother=FOC see
+The English translation of this sentence is:`A few children, Bobi's mother saw [them].'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Within the group of common nouns, Kalamang has mass nouns and count nouns, which behave differently with respect to quantifiers (§\ref{sec:wcquant}). Mass nouns require a measure noun when quantified with a numeral quantifier. This measure noun occurs between the noun and the quantifier. Examples of mass nouns are granular substances such as nasuena `sugar', os `sand', nd pasa `rice' and liquids such as per `water'. Examples of measure nouns are kiem `basket' and goni `sack'. Mass nouns can be quantified with most quantifiers, except the morpheme ___/ikon `a its gloss ___', which is reserved for count nouns, as in~(\ref{exe:bob}). Their counterpart bolon `a little' is used for mass nouns, as in~(\ref{exe:nasbo}).
+A: word: kon	 gloss: one
+B: word: taukon	 gloss: few
+C: word: kinkinun	 gloss: small
+D: word: ikon	 gloss: some
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): nasuena ___ baran
+Gloss (with missing item): sugar ___ descend
+The English translation of this sentence is:`[You] put a little sugar in.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Within the group of common nouns, Kalamang has mass nouns and count nouns, which behave differently with respect to quantifiers (§\ref{sec:wcquant}). Mass nouns require a measure noun when quantified with a numeral quantifier. This measure noun occurs between the noun and the quantifier. Examples of mass nouns are granular substances such as nasuena `sugar', os `sand', nd pasa `rice' and liquids such as per `water'. Examples of measure nouns are kiem `basket' and goni `sack'. Mass nouns can be quantified with most quantifiers, except taukon/ikon `a few', which is reserved for count nouns, as in~(\ref{exe:bob}). Their counterpart bolon `a little' is used for mass nouns, as in~(\ref{exe:nasbo}).
+A: word: bolon-i	 gloss: little-OBJQNT
+B: word: ikon-i	 gloss: some-OBJQNT
+C: word: siep-un=ko	 gloss: edge-3POSS=LOC
+D: word: bolon∼bolon=tun	 gloss: little∼INTS=INTS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): anggas=at ___ eranun
+Gloss (with missing item): door=OBJ ___ cannot
+The English translation of this sentence is:`[He/she] cannot close the door.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Verbs preceding eranun `cannot' must be nominalised with -un. A transitive example is given in~(\ref{exe:eranunnmlz}) and an intransitive one in~(\ref{exe:eranunintr}).
+A: word: tarat-un	 gloss: close-NMLZ
+B: word: metko	 gloss: DIST.LOC
+C: word: kabarat=nin	 gloss: sweep=NEG
+D: word: konenen-un	 gloss: remember-NMLZ
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma toni o an ___ eranun
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG say EMPH 1SG ___ cannot
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He said: ``Oh, I cannot eat.'''
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Verbs preceding eranun `cannot' must be nominalised with -un. A transitive example is given in~(\ref{exe:eranunnmlz}) and an intransitive one in~(\ref{exe:eranunintr}).
+A: word: wat=a	 gloss: PROX.OBJ=FOC
+B: word: yap_seran-un	 gloss: yam-3POSS
+C: word: konenen-un	 gloss: remember-NMLZ
+D: word: nan-un	 gloss: consume-NMLZ
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): supaya ma neba-un met se mamun=et [...] ___ leng-un
+Gloss (with missing item): so_that 3SG PH-3POSS DIST.OBJ IAM leave=IRR {} ___ village-3POSS
+The English translation of this sentence is:`So that she leaves her whatsit behind, the memories of her village.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: To this list can be added the lexical negative construction sukaun ge or sukaun Verb=\textsc{nin} `to not like' (§\ref{sec:lexicalneg}), derived from Malay suka `to like'. Nominalisation with Kalamang transitive verbs is infrequent, but possible. Consider konenenun `memory' from konenen `to remember' in~(\ref{exe:konenenun}).
+A: word: tarat-un	 gloss: close-NMLZ
+B: word: ep-kon=a	 gloss: CLF_GROUP-one=FOC
+C: word: konenen-un	 gloss: remember-NMLZ
+D: word: konenen=i	 gloss: remember=PLNK
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): opa [som ___ me mambaran kon ladan kerkap
+Gloss (with missing item): earlier person ___ TOP stand one shirt red
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Earlier, there were three people standing, one [had] a red shirt.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Quantifiers (introduced in §\ref{sec:wcquantnum}) indicate the quantity of the referent of a NP. They include numeral and non-numeral quantifiers. Quantifiers take the second slot after the noun in the NP, following the possessive suffix. Quantifiers modifying the subject are unmarked, as shown by the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' in~(\ref{exe:ladank}) and ikon `few; some' in~(\ref{exe:emikon}). Quantifiers may carry a classifier prefix, depending on the noun. (\ref{exe:kanase}) shows the classifier ep- for groups of living beings, on the numeral kon `one', modifying kanas `kind of fish'. For more on classifiers, see §\ref{sec:clf}.
+A: word: karuok-gan	 gloss: three-all
+B: word: et-putkaruok	 gloss: CLF_AN-thirteen
+C: word: karuok	 gloss: three
+D: word: bolon-i	 gloss: little-OBJQNT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 17:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [emumur ___ toni ah ma se me
+Gloss (with missing item): woman.PL ___ say INT 3SG IAM DIST
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Some of the women say: ``Ah, that's it.'''
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Quantifiers (introduced in §\ref{sec:wcquantnum}) indicate the quantity of the referent of a NP. They include numeral and non-numeral quantifiers. Quantifiers take the second slot after the noun in the NP, following the possessive suffix. Quantifiers modifying the subject are unmarked, as shown by karuok `three' in~(\ref{exe:ladank}) and the morpheme ___ `few; its gloss ___' in~(\ref{exe:emthe morpheme ___}). Quantifiers may carry a classifier prefix, depending on the noun. (\ref{exe:kanase}) shows the classifier ep- for groups of living beings, on the numeral kon `one', modifying kanas `kind of fish'. For more on classifiers, see §\ref{sec:clf}.
+A: word: taikonggo	 gloss: side.LOC
+B: word: taukon	 gloss: few
+C: word: ikon	 gloss: some
+D: word: kolak=ko=nin	 gloss: mainland=LOC=NEG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 18:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [kanas ___ marua ime
+Gloss (with missing item): kind_of_fish ___ move_seawards DIST
+The English translation of this sentence is:`A school of kanas moves towards that [part of] the sea!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Quantifiers (introduced in §\ref{sec:wcquantnum}) indicate the quantity of the referent of a NP. They include numeral and non-numeral quantifiers. Quantifiers take the second slot after the noun in the NP, following the possessive suffix. Quantifiers modifying the subject are unmarked, as shown by karuok `three' in~(\ref{exe:ladank}) and ikon `few; some' in~(\ref{exe:emikon}). Quantifiers may carry a classifier prefix, depending on the noun. (\ref{exe:kanase}) shows the classifier ep- for groups of living beings, on the numeral kon `one', modifying kanas `kind of fish'. For more on classifiers, see §\ref{sec:clf}.
+A: word: ep-kon=a	 gloss: CLF_GROUP-one=FOC
+B: word: nakal-un=bon=at	 gloss: head-3POSS=COM=OBJ
+C: word: kon=a	 gloss: one=FOC
+D: word: salak-kon=et	 gloss: ten_thousand-one=\glet
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 19:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): in marua [pas kanyot=at] ___ koluk
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL move_seawards exactly giant_clam=OBJ ___ find
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We went to sea and found four giant clams right there.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Quantifiers modifying the object carry a special object marker, -i\is{quantifier object}, while the object is marked with the object postposition =at (see §\ref{sec:at}). In these cases, the quantifiers appear to be outside the PP, as tentatively indicated in~(\ref{exe:kanye}) and~(\ref{exe:mingtunat}).\is{postpositional phrase}
+A: word: kansuor-i	 gloss: four-OBJQNT
+B: word: kansuor	 gloss: four
+C: word: tanbes=ko	 gloss: right=LOC
+D: word: karuok-i	 gloss: three-OBJQNT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 20:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [mingtun=at] ___ ko=yuon
+Gloss (with missing item): coconut_oil=OBJ ___ APPL=rub
+The English translation of this sentence is:`[You] rub a little coconut oil on.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Quantifiers modifying the object carry a special object marker, -i\is{quantifier object}, while the object is marked with the object postposition =at (see §\ref{sec:at}). In these cases, the quantifiers appear to be outside the PP, as tentatively indicated in~(\ref{exe:kanye}) and~(\ref{exe:mingtunat}).\is{postpositional phrase}
+A: word: kolak=ko=nin	 gloss: mainland=LOC=NEG
+B: word: bolon∼bolon=tun	 gloss: little∼INTS=INTS
+C: word: bolon-i	 gloss: little-OBJQNT
+D: word: ikon-i	 gloss: some-OBJQNT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 21:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): opa [som ___ me mambaran kon ladan kerkap
+Gloss (with missing item): earlier person ___ TOP stand one shirt red
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Earlier, there were three people standing, one [had] a red shirt.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The head noun can be elided when the nominal referent can be retrieved from the context, so that the \is{numeral}numeral becomes the head of the NP. This is shown in~(\ref{exe:ladank}) above for kon `one' and eir `two' in~(\ref{exe:eirnau}), where the two animals have been extensively referred to earlier in the conversation, and are visible in pictures in front of the speakers. In~(\ref{exe:mekua}), the numeral head is modified by a demonstrative.
+A: word: karuok	 gloss: three
+B: word: karuok-gan	 gloss: three-all
+C: word: et-putkaruok	 gloss: CLF_AN-thirteen
+D: word: elak	 gloss: bottom
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 22:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ nau=namanghadap
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ RECP=face
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Two [animals] face each other.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The head noun can be elided when the nominal referent can be retrieved from the context, so that the \is{numeral}numeral becomes the head of the NP. This is shown in~(\ref{exe:ladank}) above for kon `one' and the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___nau}), where the its gloss ___ animals have been extensively referred to earlier in the conversation, and are visible in pictures in front of the speakers. In~(\ref{exe:mekua}), the numeral head is modified by a demonstrative.
+A: word: eir-gan	 gloss: two-all
+B: word: kit-pis=i	 gloss: top-side=PLNK
+C: word: un-deir=i	 gloss: REFL-bring=PLNK
+D: word: eir	 gloss: two
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 23:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tok [yuol ___ nawanggar
+Gloss (with missing item): still day ___ wait
+The English translation of this sentence is:`[We are] still waiting for the hundredth day.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In a few cases, numeral quantifiers form a compound\is{compound} with the noun. (\ref{exe:yuolreitkon}) has the compound yuol reitkon `the hundredth day', which is an important day in the commemoration of deceased people. The fact that it is a compound is evidenced by the object marker on the numeral.
+A: word: reitkon=at=a	 gloss: hundred=OBJ=FOC
+B: word: anggon=at=a	 gloss: 1SG.POSS=OBJ=FOC
+C: word: reitkon	 gloss: hundred
+D: word: ikon	 gloss: some
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 24:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma [enem ___ tu
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG woman ___ hit
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He hits this woman.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:demadd}) and~(\ref{exe:pulorc}) illustrate the proximal and distal forms. In~(\ref{exe:demadd}), the speaker points to a woman in a picture in front of him, and uses the proximal form to modify enem `woman'. In~(\ref{exe:pulorc}), pulor-ca `your betel', which is not currently visible, is modified with the distal demonstrative me. In~(\ref{exe:donowa}), the far distal owa is used to modify don `thing', which refers to a herb which one can collect at a neighbouring beach.
+A: word: wat=a	 gloss: PROX.OBJ=FOC
+B: word: wat=at	 gloss: coconut=OBJ
+C: word: yuwa=at=a	 gloss: PROX=OBJ=FOC
+D: word: or=ko=te	 gloss: back=LOC=IMP
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 25:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an [pulor-ca ___ parua=ta
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG betel_vine-2SG.POSS ___ pluck=NFIN
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I plucked that betel vine of yours.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:demadd}) and~(\ref{exe:pulorc}) illustrate the proximal and distal forms. In~(\ref{exe:demadd}), the speaker points to a woman in a picture in front of him, and uses the proximal form to modify enem `woman'. In~(\ref{exe:pulorc}), pulor-ca `your betel', which is not currently visible, is modified with the distal demonstrative me. In~(\ref{exe:donowa}), the far distal owa is used to modify don `thing', which refers to a herb which one can collect at a neighbouring beach.
+A: word: met	 gloss: DIST.OBJ
+B: word: an=konggo	 gloss: 1SG=AN.LOC
+C: word: komet=ta	 gloss: look=NFIN
+D: word: osanet	 gloss: UP.OBJ
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 26:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma [enem ___ tu
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG woman ___ hit
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He hits this woman.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:demadd}) and~(\ref{exe:pulorc}) illustrate the proximal and distal forms. In~(\ref{exe:demadd}), the speaker points to a woman in a picture in front of him, and uses the proximal form to modify enem `woman'. In~(\ref{exe:pulorc}), pulor-ca `your betel', which is not currently visible, is modified with the distal demonstrative me. In~(\ref{exe:donowa}), the far distal owa is used to modify don `thing', which refers to a herb which one can collect at a neighbouring beach.
+A: word: yuwa=at=a	 gloss: PROX=OBJ=FOC
+B: word: nakal-un=bon=at	 gloss: head-3POSS=COM=OBJ
+C: word: wat=at	 gloss: coconut=OBJ
+D: word: wat=a	 gloss: PROX.OBJ=FOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 27:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an [pulor-ca ___ parua=ta
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG betel_vine-2SG.POSS ___ pluck=NFIN
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I plucked that betel vine of yours.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:demadd}) and~(\ref{exe:pulorc}) illustrate the proximal and distal forms. In~(\ref{exe:demadd}), the speaker points to a woman in a picture in front of him, and uses the proximal form to modify enem `woman'. In~(\ref{exe:pulorc}), pulor-ca `your betel', which is not currently visible, is modified with the distal demonstrative me. In~(\ref{exe:donowa}), the far distal owa is used to modify don `thing', which refers to a herb which one can collect at a neighbouring beach.
+A: word: osanet	 gloss: UP.OBJ
+B: word: met	 gloss: DIST.OBJ
+C: word: or=ko=te	 gloss: back=LOC=IMP
+D: word: komet=ta	 gloss: look=NFIN
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 28:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): [goras ___ melelu ror-kitko kome bara∼bara
+Gloss (with missing item): crow ___ sit tree-top.LOC look down∼PROG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`That crow sits in the tree looking down.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The demonstrative the morpheme ___ modifies goras `crow' in~(\ref{exe:gorasthe morpheme ___}), indicating that the crow being referred to is the same one that was mentioned earlier in the story.
+A: word: opa	 gloss: ANA
+B: word: atau	 gloss: or
+C: word: opa_yuwa	 gloss: today
+D: word: parair	 gloss: break
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 29:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mungkin proyek kegiatan ___
+Gloss (with missing item): maybe project activity ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Or maybe a project with an activity that is in the village.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Often, predicates modifying a noun carry the attributive marker =ten. Examples include the locative leng=ko `in the village' in~(\ref{exe:lengkoren}), reduplicated towari `young' in~(\ref{exe:towawa}) and lu `cold' in~(\ref{exe:luren}). However, common attributes like colours, (ci)caun/kin\-kinun `small' and temun `big' may modify a noun without the use of =ten, exemplified for kinkinun `small' in~(\ref{exe:rorkin}) (see also §\ref{sec:wcverb}).
+A: word: leng-et=at	 gloss: village-NMLZ=OBJ
+B: word: atau	 gloss: or
+C: word: leng=ko=ten	 gloss: village=LOC=AT
+D: word: or=ko=te	 gloss: back=LOC=IMP
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 30:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): pebis ___ mara
+Gloss (with missing item): woman ___ move_landwards
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The young women came to the shore.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Often, predicates modifying a noun carry the attributive marker =ten. Examples include the locative leng=ko `in the village' in~(\ref{exe:lengkoren}), reduplicated towari `young' in~(\ref{exe:towawa}) and lu `cold' in~(\ref{exe:luren}). However, common attributes like colours, (ci)caun/kin\-kinun `small' and temun `big' may modify a noun without the use of =ten, exemplified for kinkinun `small' in~(\ref{exe:rorkin}) (see also §\ref{sec:wcverb}).
+A: word: ewa=te	 gloss: speak=IMP
+B: word: goras=kongga	 gloss: crow=AN.LAT
+C: word: neba∼neba	 gloss: PH∼RED
+D: word: towari∼wa=ten	 gloss: young∼RED=AT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 31:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): se pasa ___ nan=i koyet
+Gloss (with missing item): IAM rice ___ consume=PLNK finish
+The English translation of this sentence is:`After eating cold rice...'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Often, predicates modifying a noun carry the attributive marker =ten. Examples include the locative leng=ko `in the village' in~(\ref{exe:lengkoren}), reduplicated towari `young' in~(\ref{exe:towawa}) and lu `cold' in~(\ref{exe:luren}). However, common attributes like colours, (ci)caun/kin\-kinun `small' and temun `big' may modify a noun without the use of =ten, exemplified for kinkinun `small' in~(\ref{exe:rorkin}) (see also §\ref{sec:wcverb}).
+A: word: sem=ten=at	 gloss: afraid-ADJ=OBJ
+B: word: tete=ki	 gloss: grandfather.MLY=\TEXTBF{BEN}
+C: word: lu=ten=at	 gloss: cold=AT=OBJ
+D: word: giar=ten=at	 gloss: new=AT=OBJ
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 32:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ror ___ saerak
+Gloss (with missing item): wood ___ NEG_EXIST
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There is no small wood.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Often, predicates modifying a noun carry the attributive marker =ten. Examples include the locative leng=ko `in the village' in~(\ref{exe:lengkoren}), reduplicated towari `young' in~(\ref{exe:towawa}) and lu `cold' in~(\ref{exe:luren}). However, common attributes like colours, (ci)caun/kin\-kinun `its gloss ___' and temun `big' may modify a noun without the use of =ten, exemplified for the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' in~(\ref{exe:rorkin}) (see also §\ref{sec:wcverb}).
+A: word: bolon	 gloss: little
+B: word: kinkinun	 gloss: small
+C: word: tete=ki	 gloss: grandfather.MLY=\TEXTBF{BEN}
+D: word: goni-kinkin	 gloss: sack-small
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 33:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tumun opa me an ___ mu wilak=ka marua
+Gloss (with missing item): child {\glopa} TOP 1SG ___ 3PL sea=LAT move_seawards
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Having seen those children, they went to sea.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: What is expressed by relativised clauses in some languages is typically done with biclausal constructions or non-final constructions in Kalamang. This is reflected in elicitation. In~(\ref{exe:jenden}), the speaker was asked for a translation of `this thing I bought was bad' (Malay barang ini yang saya beli tidak bagus), and gave a biclausal construction linked by conjunction ba `but'. (\ref{exe:komeraa}) is the translation given for `the children that I saw went to sea' (Malay anak yang saya lihat pi di laut), and is a biclausal construction involving the verb kome `to see' marked with non-final =ta.
+A: word: komet=ta	 gloss: look=NFIN
+B: word: kome=te	 gloss: look=IMP
+C: word: kome=ta	 gloss: see=NFIN
+D: word: an=konggo	 gloss: 1SG=AN.LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 34:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): terus ter-nan=i koyet inier tamu ___ misis wis go_dung
+Gloss (with missing item): then tea-consume=PLNK finish 1DU guest ___ miss yesterday morning
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Then we finished drinking tea, me and a guest, miss, yesterday morning.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Comitative =bon typically expresses accompaniment. If both members of a pair are mentioned they are usually both marked with comitative =bon, as in~(\ref{exe:kiunbon}). When a dual pronoun is followed by a noun marked with =bon it refers to two people, not three, as illustrated in~(\ref{exe:konbon}). The dual is in that case not marked with the comitative.
+A: word: kon=bon=a	 gloss: one=COM=FOC
+B: word: karajang=bon	 gloss: work=\TEXTBF{COM}
+C: word: ikon	 gloss: some
+D: word: kon=bon	 gloss: one=\TEXTBF{COM}
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 35:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): sontum saerak sontum tok sibuk ___
+Gloss (with missing item): person NEG_EXIST person still busy ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There are no people, people are still busy with work.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The marker =bon is also used to express more abstract meanings, such as `with' in `to be busy with work' and `chat with', illustrated in~(\ref{exe:karajangbon}) and~(\ref{exe:mebon}).
+A: word: karajang=bon	 gloss: work=\TEXTBF{COM}
+B: word: kon=bon	 gloss: one=\TEXTBF{COM}
+C: word: opa	 gloss: {\glopa}
+D: word: karajang=at	 gloss: basket=OBJ
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 36:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kiar opa me ma ra canam ___ garung
+Gloss (with missing item): wife {\glopa} TOP 3SG go man ___ chat
+The English translation of this sentence is:`That wife, she went to chat with that man.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The marker =bon is also used to express more abstract meanings, such as `with' in `to be busy with work' and `chat with', illustrated in~(\ref{exe:karajangbon}) and~(\ref{exe:mebon}).
+A: word: naun-keit=ko=nin	 gloss: soil-top=LOC=NEG
+B: word: me=bon	 gloss: DIST=COM
+C: word: ime	 gloss: DIST
+D: word: tete=bon	 gloss: old_man.MLY=COM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 37:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma kaden-un=bon ___ maling=i taikon
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG body-3POSS=COM ___ tilt=PLNK side
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He tilts his body and his head to one side.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In object function, =bon must be followed by the object marker =at as in~(\ref{exe:bonat}).
+A: word: karuok	 gloss: three
+B: word: nakal-un=bon=at	 gloss: head-3POSS=COM=OBJ
+C: word: nakal-un	 gloss: head-3POSS
+D: word: kawir-un=at	 gloss: hat-3POSS=OBJ
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 38:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma karek=at tolma to ma ___ tolma
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG string=OBJ cut right 3SG ___ cut
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She cut the string, right, she cut [it] with her teeth.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Instrumental =ki indicates that the NP head is the means or the instrument with which an action is achieved. This can be very literal, such as the instrument gier `tooth' in~(\ref{exe:kareat}) to cut a string, or more abstract, such as the mode of transport pesawat `aeroplane' in~(\ref{exe:pesawat}). It is also used with the noun mang `language', to express that someone uses that language, as in~(\ref{exe:walakamang}). Finally, (\ref{exe:minggi}) shows the distal instrumental demonstrative minggi `with that', where =ki is fused with the distal demonstrative root (§\ref{sec:demcase}).
+A: word: gier=ki	 gloss: tooth=INS
+B: word: gier-un	 gloss: tooth-3POSS
+C: word: pier=ki	 gloss: 1DU.IN=BEN
+D: word: wagom=ko	 gloss: Wagom=LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 39:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma owa=ba ___ mia
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG FDIST=FOC ___ come
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She comes from over there by aeroplane.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Instrumental =ki indicates that the NP head is the means or the instrument with which an action is achieved. This can be very literal, such as the instrument gier `tooth' in~(\ref{exe:kareat}) to cut a string, or more abstract, such as the mode of transport pesawat `aeroplane' in~(\ref{exe:pesawat}). It is also used with the noun mang `language', to express that someone uses that language, as in~(\ref{exe:walakamang}). Finally, (\ref{exe:minggi}) shows the distal instrumental demonstrative minggi `with that', where =ki is fused with the distal demonstrative root (§\ref{sec:demcase}).
+A: word: karuok	 gloss: three
+B: word: siun-kadok	 gloss: edge-side
+C: word: pesawat=ki	 gloss: aeroplane=INS
+D: word: pesawat	 gloss: plane
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 40:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ripi putkon=kin ___ winyal
+Gloss (with missing item): thousand ten=POSS ___ fish_with_line
+The English translation of this sentence is:`[Fishing line that costs] ten thousand, with that you go line-fishing.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Instrumental =ki indicates that the NP head is the means or the instrument with which an action is achieved. This can be very literal, such as the instrument gier `tooth' in~(\ref{exe:kareat}) to cut a string, or more abstract, such as the mode of transport pesawat `aeroplane' in~(\ref{exe:pesawat}). It is also used with the noun mang `language', to express that someone uses that language, as in~(\ref{exe:walakamang}). Finally, (\ref{exe:the morpheme ___}) shows the distal instrumental demonstrative the morpheme ___ `with that', where =ki is fused with the distal demonstrative root (§\ref{sec:demcase}).
+A: word: ime	 gloss: DIST
+B: word: lu=ten=at	 gloss: cold=AT=OBJ
+C: word: minggalot-un=ko	 gloss: bedroom-3POSS=LOC
+D: word: minggi	 gloss: DIST.INS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 41:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): sor me selet-kon-i ___ ∅=te
+Gloss (with missing item): fish TOP piece-one-OBJQNT ___ give=IMP
+The English translation of this sentence is:`The fish, give a piece of it to grandfather!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Benefactive =ki only occurs in give-constructions, where it attaches to the nominal recipient, as in~(\ref{exe:tetenggi}). It cannot be used on pronominal recipients. Give-con\-struc\-tions are described in more detail in §\ref{sec:give}.
+A: word: tete=konggo	 gloss: grandfather=AN.LOC
+B: word: bolon-i	 gloss: little-OBJQNT
+C: word: tete=ki	 gloss: grandfather.MLY=\TEXTBF{BEN}
+D: word: gier=ki	 gloss: tooth=INS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 42:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I was in Wagom.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: NPs with locative postpositions =ko or =konggo are commonly used predicatively, as in~(\ref{exe:locpred}), where there is no verb in the clause and the location `Wagom' marked with the locative postposition translates as `be in Wagom'. When used predicatively, \mbox{=ko} is inflected accordingly with e.g. the negator =nin (example~\ref{exe:kolaonin}) or \is{imperative}imperative =te (example~\ref{exe:orkore}).
+A: word: nerun=ko	 gloss: inside=LOC
+B: word: amdir-un=ko	 gloss: garden-3POSS=LOC
+C: word: kansuor-i	 gloss: four-OBJQNT
+D: word: wagom=ko	 gloss: Wagom=LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 43:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma ___ ma pasier=ko
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ 3SG sea=LOC
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She wasn't on the mainland, she was in the sea.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: NPs with locative postpositions =ko or =konggo are commonly used predicatively, as in~(\ref{exe:locpred}), where there is no verb in the clause and the location `Wagom' marked with the locative postposition translates as `be in Wagom'. When used predicatively, \mbox{=ko} is inflected accordingly with e.g. the negator =nin (example~\ref{exe:kolaonin}) or \is{imperative}imperative =te (example~\ref{exe:orkore}).
+A: word: naun-keit=ko=nin	 gloss: soil-top=LOC=NEG
+B: word: tete=ki	 gloss: grandfather.MLY=\TEXTBF{BEN}
+C: word: wilak=ko	 gloss: sea=LOC
+D: word: kolak=ko=nin	 gloss: mainland=LOC=NEG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 44:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ka me ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 2SG TOP ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`You go in the back!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: NPs with locative postpositions =ko or =konggo are commonly used predicatively, as in~(\ref{exe:locpred}), where there is no verb in the clause and the location `Wagom' marked with the locative postposition translates as `be in Wagom'. When used predicatively, \mbox{=ko} is inflected accordingly with e.g. the negator =nin (example~\ref{exe:kolaonin}) or \is{imperative}imperative =te (example~\ref{exe:orkore}).
+A: word: bolon-i	 gloss: little-OBJQNT
+B: word: or=ko=te	 gloss: back=LOC=IMP
+C: word: metko=te	 gloss: DIST.LOC=IMP
+D: word: leng=ko=ten	 gloss: village=LOC=AT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 45:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tebonggan koi ecien=i ___
+Gloss (with missing item): everyone then return=PLNK ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Then everyone returned home.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Locatives may occur with verbs, although no verb requires a locative complement. Some verbs, like ecie `to return' and bo `to go', must precede a locative (\ref{exe:Vloc}), and occur in constructions where movement towards a goal is expressed, rather than location. It is only in these instances where the locative is used in movement contexts that the locative may be inflected for imperative mood (§\ref{sec:imp}). Other verbs, like melelu `to sit', follow the locative (\ref{exe:locV}). The behaviour of different verbs with locatives is further described in §\ref{sec:svcloclat}.
+A: word: kewe=ko	 gloss: house=LOC
+B: word: kewe=at=a	 gloss: house=OBJ=FOC
+C: word: opa	 gloss: {\glopa}
+D: word: kewe-un=ko	 gloss: house-3POSS=LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 46:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma bakul kon ___ melelu
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG basket one ___ sit
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He sits on the rim of a basket.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Locatives may occur with verbs, although no verb requires a locative complement. Some verbs, like ecie `to return' and bo `to go', must precede a locative (\ref{exe:Vloc}), and occur in constructions where movement towards a goal is expressed, rather than location. It is only in these instances where the locative is used in movement contexts that the locative may be inflected for imperative mood (§\ref{sec:imp}). Other verbs, like melelu `to sit', follow the locative (\ref{exe:locV}). The behaviour of different verbs with locatives is further described in §\ref{sec:svcloclat}.
+A: word: amdir-un=ko	 gloss: garden-3POSS=LOC
+B: word: kanggirar-un=ko	 gloss: face-3POSS=LOC
+C: word: me=bon	 gloss: DIST=COM
+D: word: bol-un=ko	 gloss: mouth-3POSS=LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 47:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I was in Wagom.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are two ways to mark NPs with locative =ko \parencite[cf.][]{huber2018}. When there is no ambiguity with regard to the location of the referent, or when the location is big or generic, =ko can be attached to a NP consisting of just a noun. This applies to place names\is{names!place names} (see \ref{exe:locpred}), landscape features such as kolak `forest; mountain; mainland' or pasier `sea' (see \ref{exe:kolaonin}) and kewe `house' (see \ref{exe:Vloc}). With smaller and more specific nouns, like bakul `basket' (see \ref{exe:locV}) or kaden `body' (see \ref{exe:pepkaden}), the exact location has to be specified with the help of a relational noun. These nouns are commonly inflected with possessive suffix -un and and then followed by locative =ko (see Table~\ref{tab:locationals} in §\ref{sec:inal}). These roots cannot stand alone as a subject, object or location, but must be inflected with possessive -un, locative =ko, both -un and =ko, -pis `side', or -kadok `side'. Alternatively, they may be followed by a local demonstrative, as in~(\ref{exe:elak}).
+A: word: amdir-un=ko	 gloss: garden-3POSS=LOC
+B: word: wagom=ko	 gloss: Wagom=LOC
+C: word: naun-keit=ko=nin	 gloss: soil-top=LOC=NEG
+D: word: nerun=ko	 gloss: inside=LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 48:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma ___ ma pasier=ko
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ 3SG sea=LOC
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She wasn't on the mainland, she was in the sea.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are two ways to mark NPs with locative =ko \parencite[cf.][]{huber2018}. When there is no ambiguity with regard to the location of the referent, or when the location is big or generic, =ko can be attached to a NP consisting of just a noun. This applies to place names\is{names!place names} (see \ref{exe:locpred}), landscape features such as kolak `forest; mountain; mainland' or pasier `sea' (see \ref{exe:kolaonin}) and kewe `house' (see \ref{exe:Vloc}). With smaller and more specific nouns, like bakul `basket' (see \ref{exe:locV}) or kaden `body' (see \ref{exe:pepkaden}), the exact location has to be specified with the help of a relational noun. These nouns are commonly inflected with possessive suffix -un and and then followed by locative =ko (see Table~\ref{tab:locationals} in §\ref{sec:inal}). These roots cannot stand alone as a subject, object or location, but must be inflected with possessive -un, locative =ko, both -un and =ko, -pis `side', or -kadok `side'. Alternatively, they may be followed by a local demonstrative, as in~(\ref{exe:elak}).
+A: word: naun-keit=ko=nin	 gloss: soil-top=LOC=NEG
+B: word: gier=ki	 gloss: tooth=INS
+C: word: wilak=ko	 gloss: sea=LOC
+D: word: kolak=ko=nin	 gloss: mainland=LOC=NEG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 49:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): tebonggan koi ecien=i ___
+Gloss (with missing item): everyone then return=PLNK ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Then everyone returned home.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are two ways to mark NPs with locative =ko \parencite[cf.][]{huber2018}. When there is no ambiguity with regard to the location of the referent, or when the location is big or generic, =ko can be attached to a NP consisting of just a noun. This applies to place names\is{names!place names} (see \ref{exe:locpred}), landscape features such as kolak `forest; mountain; mainland' or pasier `sea' (see \ref{exe:kolaonin}) and kewe `house' (see \ref{exe:Vloc}). With smaller and more specific nouns, like bakul `basket' (see \ref{exe:locV}) or kaden `body' (see \ref{exe:pepkaden}), the exact location has to be specified with the help of a relational noun. These nouns are commonly inflected with possessive suffix -un and and then followed by locative =ko (see Table~\ref{tab:locationals} in §\ref{sec:inal}). These roots cannot stand alone as a subject, object or location, but must be inflected with possessive -un, locative =ko, both -un and =ko, -pis `side', or -kadok `side'. Alternatively, they may be followed by a local demonstrative, as in~(\ref{exe:elak}).
+A: word: kewe-un=ko	 gloss: house-3POSS=LOC
+B: word: kewe=at=a	 gloss: house=OBJ=FOC
+C: word: kewe=ko	 gloss: house=LOC
+D: word: goras=kongga	 gloss: crow=AN.LAT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 50:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma bakul kon ___ melelu
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG basket one ___ sit
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He sits on the rim of a basket.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are two ways to mark NPs with locative =ko \parencite[cf.][]{huber2018}. When there is no ambiguity with regard to the location of the referent, or when the location is big or generic, =ko can be attached to a NP consisting of just a noun. This applies to place names\is{names!place names} (see \ref{exe:locpred}), landscape features such as kolak `forest; mountain; mainland' or pasier `sea' (see \ref{exe:kolaonin}) and kewe `house' (see \ref{exe:Vloc}). With smaller and more specific nouns, like bakul `basket' (see \ref{exe:locV}) or kaden `body' (see \ref{exe:pepkaden}), the exact location has to be specified with the help of a relational noun. These nouns are commonly inflected with possessive suffix -un and and then followed by locative =ko (see Table~\ref{tab:locationals} in §\ref{sec:inal}). These roots cannot stand alone as a subject, object or location, but must be inflected with possessive -un, locative =ko, both -un and =ko, -pis `side', or -kadok `side'. Alternatively, they may be followed by a local demonstrative, as in~(\ref{exe:elak}).
+A: word: amdir-un=ko	 gloss: garden-3POSS=LOC
+B: word: kanggirar-un=ko	 gloss: face-3POSS=LOC
+C: word: kinkinun	 gloss: small
+D: word: bol-un=ko	 gloss: mouth-3POSS=LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 51:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kofir bungkus kon ___ metko
+Gloss (with missing item): coffee pack one ___ DIST.LOC
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There is a pack of coffee at the bottom there.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are two ways to mark NPs with locative =ko \parencite[cf.][]{huber2018}. When there is no ambiguity with regard to the location of the referent, or when the location is big or generic, =ko can be attached to a NP consisting of just a noun. This applies to place names\is{names!place names} (see \ref{exe:locpred}), landscape features such as kolak `forest; mountain; mainland' or pasier `sea' (see \ref{exe:kolaonin}) and kewe `house' (see \ref{exe:Vloc}). With smaller and more specific nouns, like bakul `basket' (see \ref{exe:locV}) or kaden `body' (see \ref{exe:pepkaden}), the exact location has to be specified with the help of a relational noun. These nouns are commonly inflected with possessive suffix -un and and then followed by locative =ko (see Table~\ref{tab:locationals} in §\ref{sec:inal}). These roots cannot stand alone as a subject, object or location, but must be inflected with possessive -un, locative =ko, both -un and =ko, -pis `side', or -kadok `side'. Alternatively, they may be followed by a local demonstrative, as in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___}).
+A: word: elak-kadok	 gloss: bottom-side
+B: word: elak-pis	 gloss: down-\textbf{side}
+C: word: elak	 gloss: bottom
+D: word: lu=ten=at	 gloss: cold=AT=OBJ
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 52:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kofir bungkus kon elak ___
+Gloss (with missing item): coffee pack one bottom ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`There is a pack of coffee at the bottom there.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are two ways to mark NPs with locative =ko \parencite[cf.][]{huber2018}. When there is no ambiguity with regard to the location of the referent, or when the location is big or generic, =ko can be attached to a NP consisting of just a noun. This applies to place names\is{names!place names} (see \ref{exe:locpred}), landscape features such as kolak `forest; mountain; mainland' or pasier `sea' (see \ref{exe:kolaonin}) and kewe `house' (see \ref{exe:Vloc}). With smaller and more specific nouns, like bakul `basket' (see \ref{exe:locV}) or kaden `body' (see \ref{exe:pepkaden}), the exact location has to be specified with the help of a relational noun. These nouns are commonly inflected with possessive suffix -un and and then followed by locative =ko (see Table~\ref{tab:locationals} in §\ref{sec:inal}). These roots cannot stand alone as a subject, object or location, but must be inflected with possessive -un, locative =ko, both -un and =ko, -pis `side', or -kadok `side'. Alternatively, they may be followed by a local demonstrative, as in~(\ref{exe:elak}).
+A: word: metko=te	 gloss: DIST.LOC=IMP
+B: word: metko=ta	 gloss: DIST.LOC=NFIN
+C: word: metko	 gloss: DIST.LOC
+D: word: opa	 gloss: {\glopa}
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 53:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma ror ___ mambara tanbes=ko
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG tree ___ stand right=LOC
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He stands to the shore-side of the tree, on the right.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: At this point, it is not clear whether, for example, scale or absolute distance between the referents plays a role in the choice of frame of reference \parencite{levinson2006}. In any case, different frames of reference may be combined in order to get a message across, as in~(\ref{exe:kibisunggo}).
+A: word: tarat-un	 gloss: close-NMLZ
+B: word: wilak=ko	 gloss: sea=LOC
+C: word: kibis-un=ko	 gloss: shore-3POSS=LOC
+D: word: amdir-un=ko	 gloss: garden-3POSS=LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 54:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma ror kibis-un=ko mambara ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG tree shore-3POSS=LOC stand ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He stands to the shore-side of the tree, on the right.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: At this point, it is not clear whether, for example, scale or absolute distance between the referents plays a role in the choice of frame of reference \parencite{levinson2006}. In any case, different frames of reference may be combined in order to get a message across, as in~(\ref{exe:kibisunggo}).
+A: word: pesawat=ki	 gloss: aeroplane=INS
+B: word: tanbes=ko	 gloss: right=LOC
+C: word: tanbes=kin=at	 gloss: right=POSS=OBJ
+D: word: tantayon=ko	 gloss: left=LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 55:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma ewun ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG root ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Its roots don't go in the soil.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are a few unexpected uses of the locational root keit- `top' inflected with the locative. These are yuonggeitko `in the sun', but literally `on the sun' (example~\ref{exe:yuong}), and naunggeitko `in the soil', but literally `on the soil' (example~\ref{exe:naungg}).
+A: word: kolak=ko=nin	 gloss: mainland=LOC=NEG
+B: word: mu=konggo	 gloss: 3PL=AN.LOC
+C: word: naun-keit=ko=nin	 gloss: soil-top=LOC=NEG
+D: word: bungkus	 gloss: sachet
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 56:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma ___ tiri bot
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ swim go
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Where did it swim?'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Like locative =ko, lative =ka occurs on demonstratives and the question word tama, forming the fused forms wangga `to/from here' (example~\ref{exe:bilal}), mengga `to/from there' (example~\ref{exe:silak}) and tamangga `to/from where'. See also §\ref{sec:problems} and Chapter~\ref{ch:dems}.
+A: word: karajang=bon	 gloss: work=\TEXTBF{COM}
+B: word: nerun=ko	 gloss: inside=LOC
+C: word: tamangga=ta	 gloss: where.LAT=NFIN
+D: word: ka=kongga=ta	 gloss: 2SG=AN.LAT=NFIN
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 57:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ me ror tantayon=ko ma tanbes=ko
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ TOP tree left=LOC 3SG right=LOC
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Mine [my picture] has the tree on the left and him on the right.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Animate locative =konggo is used, besides indicating location at an animate referent (as in \ref{exe:konggo1} and~\ref{exe:konggo3}), for the recipient of \is{greeting}greetings (`greet at him', example~\ref{exe:konggo4}).
+A: word: siep-un=ko	 gloss: edge-3POSS=LOC
+B: word: an=konggo	 gloss: 1SG=AN.LOC
+C: word: kon=ko	 gloss: one=LOC
+D: word: semen=konggo	 gloss: cement=AN.LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 58:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kirim salam ___
+Gloss (with missing item): send greetings ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Send greetings to them!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Animate locative =konggo is used, besides indicating location at an animate referent (as in \ref{exe:konggo1} and~\ref{exe:konggo3}), for the recipient of \is{greeting}greetings (`greet at him', example~\ref{exe:konggo4}).
+A: word: tete=konggo	 gloss: grandfather=AN.LOC
+B: word: mu=konggo	 gloss: 3PL=AN.LOC
+C: word: wagom=ko	 gloss: Wagom=LOC
+D: word: main=ko	 gloss: 3POSS=LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 59:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): in kiem=i Jepang ___ luk weinun
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL flee=PLNK Japan ___ come too
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We fled and the Japanese came to us too.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Animate lative =kongga, besides indicating movement towards/from an animate referent (as in \ref{exe:kongga2}), is used for constructions expressing the referent's opinion or will (\ref{exe:kongga3}) and for constructions with `tell' (\ref{exe:kainkon}).
+A: word: amkeit-et=kongga	 gloss: give_birth-NMLZ=AN.LAT
+B: word: in=nan	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL=too
+C: word: in=kongga	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL=AN.LAT
+D: word: bolon-i	 gloss: little-OBJQNT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 60:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): sabar kuawi ___
+Gloss (with missing item): front north ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Whether [the boat] points north depends on the crow.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Animate lative =kongga, besides indicating movement towards/from an animate referent (as in \ref{exe:kongga2}), is used for constructions expressing the referent's opinion or will (\ref{exe:kongga3}) and for constructions with `tell' (\ref{exe:kainkon}).
+A: word: goras	 gloss: crow
+B: word: bolon-i	 gloss: little-OBJQNT
+C: word: amkeit-et=kongga	 gloss: give_birth-NMLZ=AN.LAT
+D: word: goras=kongga	 gloss: crow=AN.LAT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 61:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Unyil ___ Arif ye Iwan ye
+Gloss (with missing item): Unyil ___ Arif or Iwan or
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Unyil, Arif or Iwan?'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Disjunctive coits gloss ___dination is signalled with the mits gloss ___pheme ___ `its gloss ___'. It typically follows all coits gloss ___dinated elements, including the last one. Intonationally, the mits gloss ___pheme ___ `its gloss ___' belongs to the preceding constituent. The disjunctive coits gloss ___dinatits gloss ___ is not limited to coits gloss ___dinating NPs, but may coits gloss ___dinate clauses as well. An example coits gloss ___dinating three proper names\is{names!personal names} is given in~(\ref{exe:iwan}).
+A: word: ye	 gloss: or
+B: word: eba	 gloss: then
+C: word: or=ko=te	 gloss: back=LOC=IMP
+D: word: koyet	 gloss: finish
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 62:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Unyil ye Arif ___ Iwan ye
+Gloss (with missing item): Unyil or Arif ___ Iwan or
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Unyil, Arif or Iwan?'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Disjunctive coits gloss ___dination is signalled with the mits gloss ___pheme ___ `its gloss ___'. It typically follows all coits gloss ___dinated elements, including the last one. Intonationally, the mits gloss ___pheme ___ `its gloss ___' belongs to the preceding constituent. The disjunctive coits gloss ___dinatits gloss ___ is not limited to coits gloss ___dinating NPs, but may coits gloss ___dinate clauses as well. An example coits gloss ___dinating three proper names\is{names!personal names} is given in~(\ref{exe:iwan}).
+A: word: eba	 gloss: then
+B: word: kit-pis	 gloss: top-\textbf{side}
+C: word: ye	 gloss: or
+D: word: koyet	 gloss: finish
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 63:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Unyil ye Arif ye Iwan ___
+Gloss (with missing item): Unyil or Arif or Iwan ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Unyil, Arif or Iwan?'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Disjunctive coits gloss ___dination is signalled with the mits gloss ___pheme ___ `its gloss ___'. It typically follows all coits gloss ___dinated elements, including the last one. Intonationally, the mits gloss ___pheme ___ `its gloss ___' belongs to the preceding constituent. The disjunctive coits gloss ___dinatits gloss ___ is not limited to coits gloss ___dinating NPs, but may coits gloss ___dinate clauses as well. An example coits gloss ___dinating three proper names\is{names!personal names} is given in~(\ref{exe:iwan}).
+A: word: eba	 gloss: then
+B: word: ye	 gloss: or
+C: word: lu=ten=at	 gloss: cold=AT=OBJ
+D: word: koyet	 gloss: finish
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 64:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): wan-karuok ___ wan-kansuor masat=et ma se kararak
+Gloss (with missing item): time-three ___ time-four dry_in_sun=IRR 3SG IAM dry
+The English translation of this sentence is:`[After] drying in the sun three or four times, it's already dry.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ye `its gloss ___' may also only follow the first NP, as in~(\ref{exe:masaret}), still belonging to that constituent intonationally.
+A: word: eba	 gloss: then
+B: word: elak-pis	 gloss: down-\textbf{side}
+C: word: ye	 gloss: or
+D: word: koyet	 gloss: finish
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 65:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): pi se muap=at nain amdir=at paruo panggala ___ atau im ye pasiem
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.INCL IAM food=OBJ like garden=OBJ make cassava ___ or banana or yellow_taro
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We make a food garden, [with] cassava, banana or yellow taro.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In a few cases (eight examples in the natural spoken language cits gloss ___pus), the Kalamang coits gloss ___dinatits gloss ___ the mits gloss ___pheme ___ `its gloss ___' is combined with the Malay equivalent atau `its gloss ___', as in~(\ref{exe:the mits gloss ___pheme ___atau}). Intonationally, atau also belongs to the constituent it follows.
+A: word: koyet	 gloss: finish
+B: word: eba	 gloss: then
+C: word: ye	 gloss: or
+D: word: kome=ta	 gloss: see=NFIN
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 66:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): pi se muap=at nain amdir=at paruo panggala ye ___ im ye pasiem
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.INCL IAM food=OBJ like garden=OBJ make cassava or ___ banana or yellow_taro
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We make a food garden, [with] cassava, banana or yellow taro.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In a few cases (eight examples in the natural spoken language cits gloss ___pus), the Kalamang coits gloss ___dinatits gloss ___ ye `its gloss ___' is combined with the Malay equivalent the mits gloss ___pheme ___ `its gloss ___', as in~(\ref{exe:yethe mits gloss ___pheme ___}). Intonationally, the mits gloss ___pheme ___ also belongs to the constituent it follows.
+A: word: eba	 gloss: then
+B: word: atau	 gloss: or
+C: word: goras=kongga	 gloss: crow=AN.LAT
+D: word: taukon	 gloss: few
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 67:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): pi se muap=at nain amdir=at paruo panggala ye atau im ___ pasiem
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.INCL IAM food=OBJ like garden=OBJ make cassava or or banana ___ yellow_taro
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We make a food garden, [with] cassava, banana or yellow taro.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In a few cases (eight examples in the natural spoken language cits gloss ___pus), the Kalamang coits gloss ___dinatits gloss ___ the mits gloss ___pheme ___ `its gloss ___' is combined with the Malay equivalent atau `its gloss ___', as in~(\ref{exe:the mits gloss ___pheme ___atau}). Intonationally, atau also belongs to the constituent it follows.
+A: word: karuok	 gloss: three
+B: word: koyet	 gloss: finish
+C: word: ye	 gloss: or
+D: word: eba	 gloss: then
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+

shuffled_multiple/Kalamang/min_knowledge_points_07Pronouns_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,429 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an ___ kawotman ma main=ki kawotman
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ cut 3SG 3POSS=INS cut
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I cut with mine, he cuts with his.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: At least the basic pronouns, the -tain series of restricting pronouns and possessive pronouns can be marked with the following clitics in different syntactic and pragmatic roles: object =at (§\ref{sec:at}), \is{causative}causative di= (in give-constructions, §\ref{sec:give}), comitative =bon (§\ref{sec:comi}) and similative =kap (§\ref{sec:simcase}). Lative =ka and locative =ko cannot be suffixed to pronouns, having dedicated animate forms instead that can be used with pronouns referring to animates: =kongga and =konggo, respectively (§\ref{sec:animloclat}). Benefactive marker =ki is the only case enclitic that cannot be attached to pronouns (see §\ref{sec:give}). An instance of instrumental =ki was elicited, see~(\ref{exe:anggonggi}). The comitative and similative postpositions\is{postposition!on pronouns} are illustrated in~(\ref{exe:proncom}) and~(\ref{exe:pronkap}), respectively.
+A: word: anggon=ki	 gloss: 1SG.POSS=INS
+B: word: kain=kin	 gloss: 2SG.POSS=POSS
+C: word: keca=bon	 gloss: Keca=COM
+D: word: anggon=at	 gloss: 1SG.POSS=OBJ
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an anggon=ki kawotman ma ___ kawotman
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG 1SG.POSS=INS cut 3SG ___ cut
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I cut with mine, he cuts with his.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: At least the basic pronouns, the -tain series of restricting pronouns and possessive pronouns can be marked with the following clitics in different syntactic and pragmatic roles: object =at (§\ref{sec:at}), \is{causative}causative di= (in give-constructions, §\ref{sec:give}), comitative =bon (§\ref{sec:comi}) and similative =kap (§\ref{sec:simcase}). Lative =ka and locative =ko cannot be suffixed to pronouns, having dedicated animate forms instead that can be used with pronouns referring to animates: =kongga and =konggo, respectively (§\ref{sec:animloclat}). Benefactive marker =ki is the only case enclitic that cannot be attached to pronouns (see §\ref{sec:give}). An instance of instrumental =ki was elicited, see~(\ref{exe:anggonggi}). The comitative and similative postpositions\is{postposition!on pronouns} are illustrated in~(\ref{exe:proncom}) and~(\ref{exe:pronkap}), respectively.
+A: word: main=ki	 gloss: 3POSS=INS
+B: word: main=ko	 gloss: 3POSS=LOC
+C: word: keca=bon	 gloss: Keca=COM
+D: word: muin	 gloss: 3POSS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu se yal ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 3PL IAM paddle ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`They paddled with him alone.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: At least the basic pronouns, the -tain series of restricting pronouns and possessive pronouns can be marked with the following clitics in different syntactic and pragmatic roles: object =at (§\ref{sec:at}), \is{causative}causative di= (in give-constructions, §\ref{sec:give}), comitative =bon (§\ref{sec:comi}) and similative =kap (§\ref{sec:simcase}). Lative =ka and locative =ko cannot be suffixed to pronouns, having dedicated animate forms instead that can be used with pronouns referring to animates: =kongga and =konggo, respectively (§\ref{sec:animloclat}). Benefactive marker =ki is the only case enclitic that cannot be attached to pronouns (see §\ref{sec:give}). An instance of instrumental =ki was elicited, see~(\ref{exe:anggonggi}). The comitative and similative postpositions\is{postposition!on pronouns} are illustrated in~(\ref{exe:proncom}) and~(\ref{exe:pronkap}), respectively.
+A: word: in=bon	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL=COM
+B: word: emun	 gloss: mother.3POSS
+C: word: ma-tain	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+D: word: marain=bon	 gloss: 3SG.ALONE=COM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): me sama=i nain ___
+Gloss (with missing item): DIST same=PLNK like ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`That's the same as me.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: At least the basic pronouns, the -tain series of restricting pronouns and possessive pronouns can be marked with the following clitics in different syntactic and pragmatic roles: object =at (§\ref{sec:at}), \is{causative}causative di= (in give-constructions, §\ref{sec:give}), comitative =bon (§\ref{sec:comi}) and similative =kap (§\ref{sec:simcase}). Lative =ka and locative =ko cannot be suffixed to pronouns, having dedicated animate forms instead that can be used with pronouns referring to animates: =kongga and =konggo, respectively (§\ref{sec:animloclat}). Benefactive marker =ki is the only case enclitic that cannot be attached to pronouns (see §\ref{sec:give}). An instance of instrumental =ki was elicited, see~(\ref{exe:anggonggi}). The comitative and similative postpositions\is{postposition!on pronouns} are illustrated in~(\ref{exe:proncom}) and~(\ref{exe:pronkap}), respectively.
+A: word: an=kap	 gloss: 1SG=SIM
+B: word: an=a	 gloss: 1SG=FOC
+C: word: et-purir-kon=kap	 gloss: CLF_AN-twenty-approximately=SIM
+D: word: keca=bon	 gloss: Keca=COM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an ___ naluar=teba
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ slacken=\glteba
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I'm slackening mine.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: All pronouns in Table~\ref{tab:pronouns} must carry object marker =at when they function as the (direct or indirect) object of a clause. (\ref{exe:bandrol}) and~(\ref{exe:naluar}) illustrate different kinds of pronouns in object function.
+A: word: anggon=at	 gloss: 1SG.POSS=OBJ
+B: word: kain=at	 gloss: 2SG.POSS=OBJ
+C: word: anggon=at=a	 gloss: 1SG.POSS=OBJ=FOC
+D: word: ma=nan	 gloss: 3SG=too
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ koyan amdir-un=ko
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ plant garden-3POSS=LOC
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He also plants in the garden.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other nominal morphology that is also carried by pronouns is =nan `too', illustrated in~(\ref{exe:pronnan}).
+A: word: ka=taet	 gloss: 2SG=again
+B: word: ma=nan	 gloss: 3SG=too
+C: word: mu=nan	 gloss: 3PL=too
+D: word: an-tain=a	 gloss: 1SG-alone=FOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ki-mun ___ ewa∼wa=in
+Gloss (with missing item): 2PL-PROH ___ speak∼PROG=PROH
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Don't you guys speak to us!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In all pronominal paradigms, there is a distinction between inclusive and exclusive forms. Forms containing in are first-person exclusive (referring to the speaker and other people, excluding the addressee), while forms containing pi are inclusive (referring to the speaker and the addressee, and (an)other person(s)). The dual form inier refers to the speaker and another person, and the dual form pier refers to the speaker and the addressee. Clusivity is illustrated for the basic pronouns in~(\ref{exe:kimuninbon}) and~(\ref{exe:pibuokbuok}).\footnote{Contra the preliminary analysis of the Kalamang pronominal system in \textcite{visser2016}, clusivity is a well-established distinction in Kalamang.}
+A: word: in=bon	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL=COM
+B: word: ma-hutak	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+C: word: marain=bon	 gloss: 3SG.ALONE=COM
+D: word: in=nan	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL=too
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ buokbuok=et eba pi garung=et
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ chew_betel=IRR then 1PL.INCL talk=IRR
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We chew betel and then we talk.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In all pronominal paradigms, there is a distinction between inclusive and exclusive forms. Forms containing in are first-person exclusive (referring to the speaker and other people, excluding the addressee), while forms containing the morpheme ___ are inclusive (referring to the speaker and the addressee, and (an)other person(s)). The dual form inier refers to the speaker and another person, and the dual form the morpheme ___er refers to the speaker and the addressee. Clusivity is illustrated for the basic pronouns in~(\ref{exe:kimuninbon}) and~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___buokbuok}).\footnote{Contra the preliminary analysis of the Kalamang pronominal system in \textcite{visser2016}, clusivity is a well-established distinction in Kalamang.}
+A: word: pi	 gloss: 1PL.INCL
+B: word: elak-pis	 gloss: down-\textbf{side}
+C: word: ar-kon	 gloss: CLF_STEM-one
+D: word: in=bon	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL=COM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): pi buokbuok=et eba ___ garung=et
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.INCL chew_betel=IRR then ___ talk=IRR
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We chew betel and then we talk.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In all pronominal paradigms, there is a distinction between inclusive and exclusive forms. Forms containing in are first-person exclusive (referring to the speaker and other people, excluding the addressee), while forms containing the morpheme ___ are inclusive (referring to the speaker and the addressee, and (an)other person(s)). The dual form inier refers to the speaker and another person, and the dual form the morpheme ___er refers to the speaker and the addressee. Clusivity is illustrated for the basic pronouns in~(\ref{exe:kimuninbon}) and~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___buokbuok}).\footnote{Contra the preliminary analysis of the Kalamang pronominal system in \textcite{visser2016}, clusivity is a well-established distinction in Kalamang.}
+A: word: elak-pis	 gloss: down-\textbf{side}
+B: word: in-ahutak	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL-alone
+C: word: pi	 gloss: 1PL.INCL
+D: word: naras∼naras=in	 gloss: fight∼RED=PROH
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ et-putkaruok koluk
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ CLF_AN-thirteen find
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We caught thirteen pieces.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Dual number is created by suffixing -ier to the basic pronouns. This might be a metathesis\is{metathesis} of eir `two'. Dual forms are not obligatory, but are used in the great majority of the cases where a pronoun refers to two referents. When there are more than two referents, the speaker can choose between a basic pronoun with or without a suffixed \is{numeral}numeral. The higher the number of referents, the lower the share of pronouns with a suffixed numeral.\footnote{This observation is impressionistic. It is based on a corpus search for pronouns with a suffixed numeral. A confounding factor is that lower numerals are more common than higher numerals.} (\ref{exe:mier}) shows dual number, and~(\ref{exe:munggansuor}) shows the numeral kansuor `four' suffixed to the third-person plural.\is{metathesis}\is{number!pronominal}
+A: word: keca=bon	 gloss: Keca=COM
+B: word: di=saran	 gloss: CAUS=ascend
+C: word: inier	 gloss: 1DU.EX
+D: word: in-ininggan	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL-all
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kon eir karuok kansuor ___ melelu
+Gloss (with missing item): one two three four ___ sit
+The English translation of this sentence is:`One, two, three, four, they six sit.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although suffixing a numeral to a pronoun is less and less common the higher the number of referents, there are several instances in the corpus where speakers count the number of referents to make sure they refer to them in the correct way (as in~\ref{exe:muraman}, where the number of people in a picture is counted), or check with their addressee whether they are referring to the correct number of people, as in~(\ref{exe:mupuraman}). In~(\ref{exe:muraman}) it is unclear whether raman=a should be analysed as a suffix to the pronoun or as an independent numeral, but since the corpus contains examples with `two', `three' and `four' that are suffixed, I take it that `six' is, too.
+A: word: ma-hutak	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+B: word: tamandi=a	 gloss: how=FOC
+C: word: naman=a	 gloss: who=FOC
+D: word: mu-raman=a	 gloss: 3PL-six=FOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kon eir karuok kansuor ___ melelu
+Gloss (with missing item): one two three four ___ sit
+The English translation of this sentence is:`One, two, three, four, they six sit.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although suffixing a numeral to a pronoun is less and less common the higher the number of referents, there are several instances in the corpus where speakers count the number of referents to make sure they refer to them in the correct way (as in~\ref{exe:muraman}, where the number of people in a picture is counted), or check with their addressee whether they are referring to the correct number of people, as in~(\ref{exe:mupuraman}). In~(\ref{exe:muraman}) it is unclear whether raman=a should be analysed as a suffix to the pronoun or as an independent numeral, but since the corpus contains examples with `two', `three' and `four' that are suffixed, I take it that `six' is, too.
+A: word: tamandi=a	 gloss: how=FOC
+B: word: naman=a	 gloss: who=FOC
+C: word: nyong	 gloss: Nyong
+D: word: mu-raman=a	 gloss: 3PL-six=FOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ Keca=bon bo war=kin
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ Keca=COM go fish={\glkin}
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Me and Keca wanted to go fishing.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A common construction with the morpheme ___, which includes the speaker, is the morpheme ___ N=bon, literally `we two and X'. Rather than referring to three people, it refers to the speaker and X, as illustrated in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___bon}). This is what \textcite{singer2001} refers to as an inclusory construction.
+A: word: inier	 gloss: 1DU.EX
+B: word: in-ininggan	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL-all
+C: word: kahen	 gloss: tall
+D: word: keca=bon	 gloss: Keca=COM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): inier ___ bo war=kin
+Gloss (with missing item): 1DU.EX ___ go fish={\glkin}
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Me and Keca wanted to go fishing.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A common construction with inier, which includes the speaker, is inier N=bon, literally `we two and X'. Rather than referring to three people, it refers to the speaker and X, as illustrated in~(\ref{exe:inierbon}). This is what \textcite{singer2001} refers to as an inclusory construction.
+A: word: inier	 gloss: 1DU
+B: word: ma=bon	 gloss: 3SG=COM
+C: word: keca=bon	 gloss: Keca=COM
+D: word: luis=bon	 gloss: Luis=COM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ taikonggo kiun taikonggo
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ side.LOC wife.3POSS side.LOC
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He (alone/himself) on one side, his wife on the other side.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:marain}) and~(\ref{exe:andain}) illustrate the -tain series with restrictive or contrastive focus\is{pronoun!focus}. In~(\ref{exe:marain}), where people describe a picture from the Family problems picture task\is{picture-matching task} \parencite{carroll2009}, there are clearly more referents to choose from, but the speaker wishes to focus on `him alone'. In~(\ref{exe:andain}), from the same recording, the speaker explains that the man in the task, who has come out of jail and has become a better person, improved himself on his own. There were perhaps more candidates for the source of his improvement, but the speaker wishes to convey that the man did it all alone. Strikingly, -tain pronouns often co-occur with the focus enclitic =a.
+A: word: ma-tain	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+B: word: anggon=at	 gloss: 1SG.POSS=OBJ
+C: word: ka-tain=a	 gloss: 2SG-alone=FOC
+D: word: ka-hutak	 gloss: 2SG-alone
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ paruo
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ do
+The English translation of this sentence is:`It was I who did it.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:marain}) and~(\ref{exe:andain}) illustrate the -tain series with restrictive or contrastive focus\is{pronoun!focus}. In~(\ref{exe:marain}), where people describe a picture from the Family problems picture task\is{picture-matching task} \parencite{carroll2009}, there are clearly more referents to choose from, but the speaker wishes to focus on `him alone'. In~(\ref{exe:andain}), from the same recording, the speaker explains that the man in the task, who has come out of jail and has become a better person, improved himself on his own. There were perhaps more candidates for the source of his improvement, but the speaker wishes to convey that the man did it all alone. Strikingly, -tain pronouns often co-occur with the focus enclitic =a.
+A: word: ka-tain=a	 gloss: 2SG-alone=FOC
+B: word: an-tain=a	 gloss: 1SG-alone=FOC
+C: word: marain=bon	 gloss: 3SG.ALONE=COM
+D: word: kewe=ko	 gloss: house=LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ taikonggo kiun taikonggo
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ side.LOC wife.3POSS side.LOC
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He (alone/himself) on one side, his wife on the other side.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:marain}) and~(\ref{exe:andain}) illustrate the -tain series with restrictive or contrastive focus\is{pronoun!focus}. In~(\ref{exe:marain}), where people describe a picture from the Family problems picture task\is{picture-matching task} \parencite{carroll2009}, there are clearly more referents to choose from, but the speaker wishes to focus on `him alone'. In~(\ref{exe:andain}), from the same recording, the speaker explains that the man in the task, who has come out of jail and has become a better person, improved himself on his own. There were perhaps more candidates for the source of his improvement, but the speaker wishes to convey that the man did it all alone. Strikingly, -tain pronouns often co-occur with the focus enclitic =a.
+A: word: ka-hutak	 gloss: 2SG-alone
+B: word: ma-tain	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+C: word: ka-tain=a	 gloss: 2SG-alone=FOC
+D: word: an-tain=a	 gloss: 1SG-alone=FOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 17:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ paruo
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ do
+The English translation of this sentence is:`It was I who did it.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:marain}) and~(\ref{exe:andain}) illustrate the -tain series with restrictive or contrastive focus\is{pronoun!focus}. In~(\ref{exe:marain}), where people describe a picture from the Family problems picture task\is{picture-matching task} \parencite{carroll2009}, there are clearly more referents to choose from, but the speaker wishes to focus on `him alone'. In~(\ref{exe:andain}), from the same recording, the speaker explains that the man in the task, who has come out of jail and has become a better person, improved himself on his own. There were perhaps more candidates for the source of his improvement, but the speaker wishes to convey that the man did it all alone. Strikingly, -tain pronouns often co-occur with the focus enclitic =a.
+A: word: goni-kinkin	 gloss: sack-small
+B: word: an-tain=a	 gloss: 1SG-alone=FOC
+C: word: ka-tain=a	 gloss: 2SG-alone=FOC
+D: word: ma-hutak	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 18:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ se un-deir=i luk
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ IAM REFL-bring=PLNK come
+The English translation of this sentence is:`She came herself.' (Lit. `She brought herself coming.')
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The -tain series may also be used in \is{reflexive}reflexive constructions, as in~(\ref{exe:undeirii}). See §\ref{sec:rflx} for a further description.
+A: word: ma-tain	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+B: word: nyong	 gloss: Nyong
+C: word: ka-tain=a	 gloss: 2SG-alone=FOC
+D: word: ka-hutak	 gloss: 2SG-alone
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 19:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ watko ewa=te
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PROX.LOC speak=IMP
+The English translation of this sentence is:`You talk on your own here!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:kahutak}) and~(\ref{exe:mahutak}) illustrate the quantifying -(a)hutak series\is{pronoun!quantifying}. In~(\ref{exe:kahutak}), one speaker leaves the other during a recording session and orders her to speak further on her own. There are no others around, so the speaker is really only talking about the addressee. In~(\ref{exe:mahutak}), people are discussing a picture with a girl named Ramina on it, and no-one else.
+A: word: ma-tain	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+B: word: ma-hutak	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+C: word: inier	 gloss: 1DU
+D: word: ka-hutak	 gloss: 2SG-alone
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 20:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ramina ___ bara
+Gloss (with missing item): Ramina ___ descend
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Ramina alone is coming back.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:kahutak}) and~(\ref{exe:mahutak}) illustrate the quantifying -(a)hutak series\is{pronoun!quantifying}. In~(\ref{exe:kahutak}), one speaker leaves the other during a recording session and orders her to speak further on her own. There are no others around, so the speaker is really only talking about the addressee. In~(\ref{exe:mahutak}), people are discussing a picture with a girl named Ramina on it, and no-one else.
+A: word: kain	 gloss: 2SG.POSS
+B: word: karuok-i	 gloss: three-OBJQNT
+C: word: ka-hutak	 gloss: 2SG-alone
+D: word: ma-hutak	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 21:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ watko ewa=te
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ PROX.LOC speak=IMP
+The English translation of this sentence is:`You talk on your own here!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:kahutak}) and~(\ref{exe:mahutak}) illustrate the quantifying -(a)hutak series\is{pronoun!quantifying}. In~(\ref{exe:kahutak}), one speaker leaves the other during a recording session and orders her to speak further on her own. There are no others around, so the speaker is really only talking about the addressee. In~(\ref{exe:mahutak}), people are discussing a picture with a girl named Ramina on it, and no-one else.
+A: word: ma-tain	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+B: word: ka-hutak	 gloss: 2SG-alone
+C: word: esun=a	 gloss: father.3POSS=FOC
+D: word: ma-hutak	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 22:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Ramina ___ bara
+Gloss (with missing item): Ramina ___ descend
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Ramina alone is coming back.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:kahutak}) and~(\ref{exe:mahutak}) illustrate the quantifying -(a)hutak series\is{pronoun!quantifying}. In~(\ref{exe:kahutak}), one speaker leaves the other during a recording session and orders her to speak further on her own. There are no others around, so the speaker is really only talking about the addressee. In~(\ref{exe:mahutak}), people are discussing a picture with a girl named Ramina on it, and no-one else.
+A: word: ma-tain	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+B: word: sanggaran=taet	 gloss: search=again
+C: word: ma-hutak	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+D: word: ka-hutak	 gloss: 2SG-alone
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 23:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): bukan ___ ge [...] in-ininggan mindi
+Gloss (with missing item): not ___ no {} 1PL.EXCL-all like_that
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Not just us, we all did like that.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The difference of these last two examples with the -tain examples above is that there are no more referents to choose from. A negated -(a)hutak example further strengthens this hypothesis. In~(\ref{exe:inahutak}), the speaker explains that he and his travel company were not alone (drinking tea at a funeral), but that the other invited people did so as well. By negating a quantifying pronoun, the speaker indicates that there were more people present than just those referred to with `we'. The -(a)hutak pronouns contrast with the -(V)ninggan series described in the next section, also illustrated in the example below.
+A: word: ma-hutak	 gloss: 3SG-alone
+B: word: ka-hutak	 gloss: 2SG-alone
+C: word: in-ahutak	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL-alone
+D: word: in-ininggan	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL-all
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 24:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): bukan in-ahutak ge [...] ___ mindi
+Gloss (with missing item): not 1PL.EXCL-alone no {} ___ like_that
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Not just us, we all did like that.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The difference of these last two examples with the -tain examples above is that there are no more referents to choose from. A negated -(a)hutak example further strengthens this hypothesis. In~(\ref{exe:inahutak}), the speaker explains that he and his travel company were not alone (drinking tea at a funeral), but that the other invited people did so as well. By negating a quantifying pronoun, the speaker indicates that there were more people present than just those referred to with `we'. The -(a)hutak pronouns contrast with the -(V)ninggan series described in the next section, also illustrated in the example below.
+A: word: anggon=ki	 gloss: 1SG.POSS=INS
+B: word: in=nan	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL=too
+C: word: in-ininggan	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL-all
+D: word: manggan	 gloss: Manggan
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 25:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ nakal-un elak-pis
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ head-3POSS down-side
+The English translation of this sentence is:`They both have their heads down'.
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: For the dual forms, the suffix just takes the form -gan, resulting in the meaning `we both, you both, they both', as shown in~(\ref{exe:miergan2}). This suffix is also used on \is{numeral}numerals with the meaning `both' or `all'. Note that the morpheme -gan also seems to be part of the word tebonggan `all'. Tebon does not have a meaning on its own.
+A: word: mier-gan	 gloss: 3PL.DU-both
+B: word: mier-gan=at	 gloss: 3DU-all=OBJ
+C: word: keca=bon	 gloss: Keca=COM
+D: word: owane	 gloss: FDIST
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 26:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an ___ naluar kain me ka narorar=i bo tamatko=et eba naluar=te
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ slacken 2SG.POSS TOP 2SG drag=PLNK go where=IRR then slacken=IMP
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I slacken mine, as for yours, you drag it over there, then you slacken!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Possessive pronouns, listed in Table~\ref{tab:pronouns}, are used in two ways: pronominally and adnominally. A pronominal example is given in~(\ref{exe:kainme}). The possessive pronouns refer to the two ends of a fishing net.
+A: word: anggon=at	 gloss: 1SG.POSS=OBJ
+B: word: anggon=at=a	 gloss: 1SG.POSS=OBJ=FOC
+C: word: anggon=a	 gloss: 1SG.POSS=FOC
+D: word: in=bon	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL=COM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 27:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an anggon=at=a naluar ___ me ka narorar=i bo tamatko=et eba naluar=te
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG 1SG.POSS=OBJ=FOC slacken ___ TOP 2SG drag=PLNK go where=IRR then slacken=IMP
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I slacken mine, as for yours, you drag it over there, then you slacken!'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Possessive pronouns, listed in Table~\ref{tab:pronouns}, are used in two ways: pronominally and adnominally. A pronominal example is given in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___me}). The possessive pronouns refer to the two ends of a fishing net.
+A: word: anggon=ki	 gloss: 1SG.POSS=INS
+B: word: kain=kin	 gloss: 2SG.POSS=POSS
+C: word: kain	 gloss: 2SG.POSS
+D: word: kain=at	 gloss: 2SG.POSS=OBJ
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 28:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ emun ka tok per=at di=mu ∅=te
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ mother.3POSS 2SG first water=OBJ CAUS=3PL give=IMP
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Binkur's mother, you give them water first.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Pronominal address with the second-person singular ka and plural ki is a common form of address in everyday speech. It is considered very informal, and is used among peers, among spouses and towards children, typically for commands. In a more polite variant, it is used in combination with non-pronominal address. (\ref{exe:kaaddr}) is taken from a recording of two friends discussing fishing gear. The speaker addresses her friend with the second-person singular ka to tell her when to speak. (\ref{exe:munka}) is taken from a recording from a boat trip with two distant relatives. The speaker uses a non-pronominal address form first before he uses the pronoun. There are no formal pronominal terms of address. Non-pronominal address is further described in §\ref{sec:usage}.
+A: word: binkur	 gloss: Binkur
+B: word: an-tain=a	 gloss: 1SG-alone=FOC
+C: word: ibrahim	 gloss: Ibrahim
+D: word: kuru	 gloss: bring
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 29:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Binkur ___ ka tok per=at di=mu ∅=te
+Gloss (with missing item): Binkur ___ 2SG first water=OBJ CAUS=3PL give=IMP
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Binkur's mother, you give them water first.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Pronominal address with the second-person singular ka and plural ki is a common form of address in everyday speech. It is considered very informal, and is used among peers, among spouses and towards children, typically for commands. In a more polite variant, it is used in combination with non-pronominal address. (\ref{exe:kaaddr}) is taken from a recording of two friends discussing fishing gear. The speaker addresses her friend with the second-person singular ka to tell her when to speak. (\ref{exe:munka}) is taken from a recording from a boat trip with two distant relatives. The speaker uses a non-pronominal address form first before he uses the pronoun. There are no formal pronominal terms of address. Non-pronominal address is further described in §\ref{sec:usage}.
+A: word: emun=at	 gloss: mother.3POSS=OBJ
+B: word: emun=a	 gloss: mother=FOC
+C: word: in-ahutak	 gloss: 1PL.EXCL-alone
+D: word: emun	 gloss: mother.3POSS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 30:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Binkur emun ___ tok per=at di=mu ∅=te
+Gloss (with missing item): Binkur mother.3POSS ___ first water=OBJ CAUS=3PL give=IMP
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Binkur's mother, you give them water first.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Pronominal address with the second-person singular the morpheme ___ and plural ki is a common form of address in everyday speech. It is considered very informal, and is used among peers, among spouses and towards children, typically for commands. In a more polite variant, it is used in combination with non-pronominal address. (\ref{exe:the morpheme ___addr}) is taken from a recording of two friends discussing fishing gear. The speaker addresses her friend with the second-person singular the morpheme ___ to tell her when to speak. (\ref{exe:munthe morpheme ___}) is taken from a recording from a boat trip with two distant relatives. The speaker uses a non-pronominal address form first before he uses the pronoun. There are no formal pronominal terms of address. Non-pronominal address is further described in §\ref{sec:usage}.
+A: word: ka	 gloss: 2SG
+B: word: an=kap	 gloss: 1SG=SIM
+C: word: kawotman	 gloss: cut
+D: word: mindi	 gloss: like_that
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 31:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ___ esun=a marua yuwa
+Gloss (with missing item): ___ father.3SG=FOC move_seawards PROX
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Nyong's father comes towards sea here.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As soon as someone becomes a parent, that person can be referred to and addressed with their teknonym\is{names!teknonymy} (the name of their first child) followed by esun `father.\textsc{3poss}' or emun `mother.\textsc{3poss}'. This is exemplified with its gloss ___ esun `its gloss ___'s father' in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___}).
+A: word: taikonggo	 gloss: side.LOC
+B: word: ka-hutak	 gloss: 2SG-alone
+C: word: iwan	 gloss: Iwan
+D: word: nyong	 gloss: Nyong
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 32:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): Nyong ___ marua yuwa
+Gloss (with missing item): Nyong ___ move_seawards PROX
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Nyong's father comes towards sea here.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As soon as someone becomes a parent, that person can be referred to and addressed with their teknonym\is{names!teknonymy} (the name of their first child) followed by esun `father.\textsc{3poss}' or emun `mother.\textsc{3poss}'. This is exemplified with Nyong esun `Nyong's father' in~(\ref{exe:nyong}).
+A: word: nyong	 gloss: Nyong
+B: word: esun=a	 gloss: father.3SG=FOC
+C: word: esun=at	 gloss: father.3POSS=OBJ
+D: word: esa-an=a	 gloss: uncle-1SG.POSS=FOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+

shuffled_multiple/Kalamang/min_knowledge_points_08Quantifiers_questions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+Question 0:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): pi bo rep=et me sampi ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.INCL go get=IRR TOP until ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We harvest up to ten thousand.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A collective numeral\is{numeral!collective} indicates that several entities are seen as a unit and not as individuals. There is one collective numeral in Kalamang: the morpheme ___ `ten thousand'. Not used in counting, the morpheme ___ is a collective numeral used, for example, for trading goods such as nutmeg. An example is given in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___}).
+A: word: salak-kon=et	 gloss: ten_thousand-one=\glet
+B: word: ripi	 gloss: thousand
+C: word: salak	 gloss: ten_thousand
+D: word: tebon∼tebon=tun	 gloss: all∼INTS=INTS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 1:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): musim kon-i me ___
+Gloss (with missing item): season one-OBJQNT TOP ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`One season, ten thousand.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Salak may be combined with a cardinal as in~(\ref{exe:salaon}).
+A: word: konawaruo∼waruo	 gloss: forget∼RED
+B: word: kis-kon-i	 gloss: CLF_LONG-one-OBJQNT
+C: word: salak	 gloss: ten_thousand
+D: word: salak-kon=et	 gloss: ten_thousand-one=\glet
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 2:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma se tabai=at ___ jien
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG IAM cigarette=OBJ ___ get
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He got one cigarette.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A classifier gives information about the classification of a noun. Kalamang classifiers, which are numeral prefixes, occupy the quantifier slot together with a numeral when modifying certain classes of nouns. When those nouns are modified by a numeral, the use of a classifier is obligatory. They can also be prefixed to the question word puraman `how many'. There are 16 classifiers, listed in Table~\ref{tab:class}. Those that are also bound roots that express part-whole relations (§\ref{sec:inal}) are marked accordingly. There are two unique classifiers (i.e. classifiers that apply to only one noun: \citealt{grinevald2007}): mir-\footnote{The West Bomberai language Mbaham has a word muur `branch' \parencite{flassy1987} and a transport classifier mu- \parencite{cottet2015}, and Iha has a classifier mur for boats, `motor' and branches (Katherine Walker, p.c.).} for the noun et `canoe' and pel- for the noun im `banana'.\footnote{While I elicited negative grammaticality judgments for mir- with, for example, other modes of transport or other things made of wood, I have not had the chance to test pel- in combination with nouns other than `banana'. In other words, the status of pel- as a unique classifier is based on its lack of appearance in combination with nouns other than `banana' in the current corpus.} An example with the classifier kis- for long thin things on the numeral kon `one', modifying the object tabai `cigarette', is given in~(\ref{exe:kiskon}). An example with the fruit classifier nak- and puraman `how many' is given in~(\ref{exe:watnak}).\is{noun!classification}\is{gender*}
+A: word: kon∼kon	 gloss: one∼DISTR
+B: word: selet-kon-i	 gloss: piece-one-OBJQNT
+C: word: kis-kon-i	 gloss: CLF_LONG-one-OBJQNT
+D: word: kis-eir-i	 gloss: CLF_LONG-two-OBJQNT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 3:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): wat ___ mindi kajie
+Gloss (with missing item): coconut ___ like_that pick
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We picked up I-don't-know-how-many coconuts like that.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A classifier gives information about the classification of a noun. Kalamang classifiers, which are numeral prefixes, occupy the quantifier slot together with a numeral when modifying certain classes of nouns. When those nouns are modified by a numeral, the use of a classifier is obligatory. They can also be prefixed to the question word puraman `how many'. There are 16 classifiers, listed in Table~\ref{tab:class}. Those that are also bound roots that express part-whole relations (§\ref{sec:inal}) are marked accordingly. There are two unique classifiers (i.e. classifiers that apply to only one noun: \citealt{grinevald2007}): mir-\footnote{The West Bomberai language Mbaham has a word muur `branch' \parencite{flassy1987} and a transport classifier mu- \parencite{cottet2015}, and Iha has a classifier mur for boats, `motor' and branches (Katherine Walker, p.c.).} for the noun et `canoe' and pel- for the noun im `banana'.\footnote{While I elicited negative grammaticality judgments for mir- with, for example, other modes of transport or other things made of wood, I have not had the chance to test pel- in combination with nouns other than `banana'. In other words, the status of pel- as a unique classifier is based on its lack of appearance in combination with nouns other than `banana' in the current corpus.} An example with the classifier kis- for long thin things on the numeral kon `one', modifying the object tabai `cigarette', is given in~(\ref{exe:kiskon}). An example with the fruit classifier nak- and puraman `how many' is given in~(\ref{exe:watnak}).\is{noun!classification}\is{gender*}
+A: word: bolon∼bolon=tun	 gloss: little∼INTS=INTS
+B: word: tep-eir	 gloss: CLF_FRUIT2-two
+C: word: taraman-kodak	 gloss: fathom-just_one
+D: word: nak-puraman-i	 gloss: CLF_FRUIT1-how_many-OBJQNT
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 4:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): in marua [pas kanyot=at] ___ koluk
+Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.EXCL move_seawards exactly giant_clam=OBJ ___ find
+The English translation of this sentence is:`We went to sea and found four giant clams right there.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Many nouns that are modified with a numeral are not attested with a classifier. Examples include all nouns referring to persons (unless they are in a group and following each other, in which case the group classifier ep- is used), shells as in~(\ref{exe:kanye}), landscape features like lempuang `island' and celestial bodies like pak `moon'. The latter two categories are perhaps not surprising, since they are less likely to be quantified with an exact number. Other nouns associate with more than one classifier (though not at the same time), depending on which characteristic of the nominal referent is being emphasised. This way, classifiers help specify whether we are talking about the leaves, the stem or the fruit of a plant, or whether we are talking about a halved fish, fish as single entities, fish on a string or schools of fish. To take another example, mun `lime' can be modified with the classifier for halves tabak- if it is cut cross-wise, or with the fruit classifier nak- if it is whole. Consider also the examples with sayang `nutmeg' in~(\ref{exe:sayangya}):
+A: word: karuok-i	 gloss: three-OBJQNT
+B: word: kansuor	 gloss: four
+C: word: kansuor-i	 gloss: four-OBJQNT
+D: word: kon∼kon=nin	 gloss: one∼RED=NEG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 5:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): koi mun ___
+Gloss (with missing item): then lime ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Then half a lime...'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Kalamang has a fraction-like operation marked with the morpheme ___, which literally means `one side' but can be used to mean `its gloss ___', as in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___}). Indigenous ways of doing arithmetic operations are so far unattested.\is{arithmetic operation!fraction}
+A: word: konat=nin	 gloss: see=NEG
+B: word: setela	 gloss: after
+C: word: taikon	 gloss: half
+D: word: taikonggo	 gloss: side.LOC
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 6:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): mu buoksarun=at paruo ba ___ to
+Gloss (with missing item): 3PL offering=OBJ make but ___ right
+The English translation of this sentence is:`They are making the offering, but just a little, right.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Bolon occurs with non-count\is{count noun} referents. It is the only non-numeral quantifier that co-occurs with -tak `only, just', as illustrated in~(\ref{exe:buoksarun}). Like with kon `one' + -tak, which becomes kodak, the final nasal of the root is deleted and the plosive is voiced: bolon + -tak = the morpheme ___.
+A: word: nak-puraman-i	 gloss: CLF_FRUIT1-how_many-OBJQNT
+B: word: kodak-pis	 gloss: just_one-side
+C: word: bolodak	 gloss: little_only
+D: word: bolon	 gloss: little
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 7:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): o tumtum ___ me Bobi emun=a kona
+Gloss (with missing item): EMPH children ___ TOP Bobi mother=FOC see
+The English translation of this sentence is:`O, some children, Bobi's mother saw them.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Taukon `its gloss ___' and ikon `its gloss ___' appear to have the same meaning, although the former only occurs seven times in the natural spoken corpus, whereas the latter has 28 occurrences. Both can be used with animate and inanimate referents. They are illustrated modifying an animate noun in~(\ref{exe:tumtau}) and~(\ref{exe:murkon}). It is likely that these quantifiers were originally morphologically complex (cf. words like kon `one', tawir `side'\footnote{maybe tau `?' + eir `two', although `two sides' is tawirir} and taikon `half; one side').
+A: word: kon	 gloss: one
+B: word: konat=nin	 gloss: see=NEG
+C: word: taukon	 gloss: some
+D: word: pun	 gloss: even
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 8:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): emumur ___ toni a ma se me
+Gloss (with missing item): woman.PL ___ say INT 3SG IAM TOP
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Some women said: ``Ah, that's it.'''
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Taukon `its gloss ___' and the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' appear to have the same meaning, although the former only occurs seven times in the natural spoken corpus, whereas the latter has 28 occurrences. Both can be used with animate and inanimate referents. They are illustrated modifying an animate noun in~(\ref{exe:tumtau}) and~(\ref{exe:murkon}). It is likely that these quantifiers were originally morphologically complex (cf. words like kon `one', tawir `side'\footnote{maybe tau `?' + eir `two', although `two sides' is tawirir} and tathe morpheme ___ `half; one side').
+A: word: karuok-gan	 gloss: three-all
+B: word: taikonggo	 gloss: side.LOC
+C: word: ikon	 gloss: some
+D: word: taukon	 gloss: few
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 9:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): gorun ___ kodak-pis
+Gloss (with missing item): stalk ___ just_one-side
+The English translation of this sentence is:`All three stalks are on one side.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Quantifiers may be inflected in a number of ways except for its use with classifiers as described in §\ref{sec:clf}. Suffixes and clitics are only attested with lower numerals and bolon `little'. Numeral quantifiers and pronouns inflected with a numeral may carry the suffix -gan `all' as shown in~(\ref{exe:karugan}) and~(\ref{exe:rgan}). The enclitic =tak `just; only' (example~\ref{exe:rtak}) is found on the numeral two, pronouns inflected with a numeral, and (fossilised) in bolodak `just a little' and kodak `just one'. \is{intensification}Intensification with =tun is found with bolon `little' (example~\ref{exe:sei}) and kodak `just one' (example~\ref{exe:kodakk}). Tebonggan `all' seems to contain the morpheme -gan `all'. While tebon cannot be used on its own, it is a root that can be reduplicated and intensified with =tun as in~(\ref{exe:tebonteb}).
+A: word: karuok-gan	 gloss: three-all
+B: word: wan-karuok-i	 gloss: time-three-OBJQNT
+C: word: karuok	 gloss: three
+D: word: et-purir-kon=kap	 gloss: CLF_AN-twenty-approximately=SIM
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 10:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): an bara komet=ta me ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 1SG descend look=NFIN TOP ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`I went down to look; [there were] only two pieces.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Quantifiers may be inflected in a number of ways except for its use with classifiers as described in §\ref{sec:clf}. Suffixes and clitics are only attested with lower numerals and bolon `little'. Numeral quantifiers and pronouns inflected with a numeral may carry the suffix -gan `all' as shown in~(\ref{exe:karugan}) and~(\ref{exe:rgan}). The enclitic =tak `just; only' (example~\ref{exe:rtak}) is found on the numeral two, pronouns inflected with a numeral, and (fossilised) in bolodak `just a little' and kodak `just one'. \is{intensification}Intensification with =tun is found with bolon `little' (example~\ref{exe:sei}) and kodak `just one' (example~\ref{exe:kodakk}). Tebonggan `all' seems to contain the morpheme -gan `all'. While tebon cannot be used on its own, it is a root that can be reduplicated and intensified with =tun as in~(\ref{exe:tebonteb}).
+A: word: pareir=taet	 gloss: follow=again
+B: word: kis-eir-i	 gloss: CLF_LONG-two-OBJQNT
+C: word: ikon	 gloss: some
+D: word: kies-eir=tak	 gloss: CLF_LONG-two=only
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 11:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma mat sei ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG 3SG.OBJ askew ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He is a tiny bit askew from it.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Quantifiers may be inflected in a number of ways except for its use with classifiers as described in §\ref{sec:clf}. Suffixes and clitics are only attested with lower numerals and bolon `little'. Numeral quantifiers and pronouns inflected with a numeral may carry the suffix -gan `all' as shown in~(\ref{exe:karugan}) and~(\ref{exe:rgan}). The enclitic =tak `just; only' (example~\ref{exe:rtak}) is found on the numeral two, pronouns inflected with a numeral, and (fossilised) in bolodak `just a little' and kodak `just one'. \is{intensification}Intensification with =tun is found with bolon `little' (example~\ref{exe:sei}) and kodak `just one' (example~\ref{exe:kodakk}). Tebonggan `all' seems to contain the morpheme -gan `all'. While tebon cannot be used on its own, it is a root that can be reduplicated and intensified with =tun as in~(\ref{exe:tebonteb}).
+A: word: bolon∼bolon	 gloss: little∼INTS
+B: word: ikon	 gloss: some
+C: word: tebon∼tebon=tun	 gloss: all∼INTS=INTS
+D: word: bolon∼bolon=tun	 gloss: little∼INTS=INTS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 12:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma-autak ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG-alone ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He was all alone.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Quantifiers may be inflected in a number of ways except for its use with classifiers as described in §\ref{sec:clf}. Suffixes and clitics are only attested with lower numerals and bolon `little'. Numeral quantifiers and pronouns inflected with a numeral may carry the suffix -gan `all' as shown in~(\ref{exe:karugan}) and~(\ref{exe:rgan}). The enclitic =tak `just; only' (example~\ref{exe:rtak}) is found on the numeral two, pronouns inflected with a numeral, and (fossilised) in bolodak `just a little' and kodak `just one'. \is{intensification}Intensification with =tun is found with bolon `little' (example~\ref{exe:sei}) and kodak `just one' (example~\ref{exe:kodakk}). Tebonggan `all' seems to contain the morpheme -gan `all'. While tebon cannot be used on its own, it is a root that can be reduplicated and intensified with =tun as in~(\ref{exe:tebonteb}).
+A: word: kodak-pis	 gloss: just_one-side
+B: word: kodak∼dak=tun	 gloss: just_one∼INTS=INTS
+C: word: bolon∼bolon=tun	 gloss: little∼INTS=INTS
+D: word: ikon	 gloss: some
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 13:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): esun=kin ___ mu don kon∼kon paning=nin
+Gloss (with missing item): father.3POSS=POSS ___ 3PL thing one∼RED ask=NEG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`From his father's side everyone didn't ask for anything.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Quantifiers may be inflected in a number of ways except for its use with classifiers as described in §\ref{sec:clf}. Suffixes and clitics are only attested with lower numerals and bolon `little'. Numeral quantifiers and pronouns inflected with a numeral may carry the suffix -gan `all' as shown in~(\ref{exe:karugan}) and~(\ref{exe:rgan}). The enclitic =tak `just; only' (example~\ref{exe:rtak}) is found on the numeral two, pronouns inflected with a numeral, and (fossilised) in bolodak `just a little' and kodak `just one'. \is{intensification}Intensification with =tun is found with bolon `little' (example~\ref{exe:sei}) and kodak `just one' (example~\ref{exe:kodakk}). Tebonggan `all' seems to contain the morpheme -gan `all'. While tebon cannot be used on its own, it is a root that can be reduplicated and intensified with =tun as in~(\ref{exe:tebonteb}).
+A: word: ikon	 gloss: some
+B: word: tebon∼tebon=tun	 gloss: all∼INTS=INTS
+C: word: bolon∼bolon=tun	 gloss: little∼INTS=INTS
+D: word: wis	 gloss: yesterday
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 14:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): esun=kin ___ mu don kon∼kon paning=nin
+Gloss (with missing item): father.3POSS=POSS ___ 3PL thing one∼RED ask=NEG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`From his father's side everyone didn't ask for anything.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Both numeral and non-numeral quantifiers may be reduplicated\is{reduplication!numerals}. The non-numeral quantifiers that are found reduplicated in the corpus are bolon `little' and tebonggan `all'. These have already been exemplified in combination with =tun `very' in~(\ref{exe:tebonteb}) and~(\ref{exe:sei}). Bolon `little' is illustrated in~(\ref{exe:bolbol}) without =tun `very'.
+A: word: tebon∼tebon=tun	 gloss: all∼INTS=INTS
+B: word: kis-kon-i	 gloss: CLF_LONG-one-OBJQNT
+C: word: neko=et	 gloss: inside=IRR
+D: word: bolon∼bolon=tun	 gloss: little∼INTS=INTS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 15:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ma mat sei ___
+Gloss (with missing item): 3SG 3SG.OBJ askew ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He is a tiny bit askew from it.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Both numeral and non-numeral quantifiers may be reduplicated\is{reduplication!numerals}. The non-numeral quantifiers that are found reduplicated in the corpus are bolon `little' and tebonggan `all'. These have already been exemplified in combination with =tun `very' in~(\ref{exe:tebonteb}) and~(\ref{exe:sei}). Bolon `little' is illustrated in~(\ref{exe:bolbol}) without =tun `very'.
+A: word: bolon∼bolon=tun	 gloss: little∼INTS=INTS
+B: word: bolon∼bolon	 gloss: little∼INTS
+C: word: tebon∼tebon=tun	 gloss: all∼INTS=INTS
+D: word: taukon	 gloss: few
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 16:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): lembaga nerun=ko an ___ kon∼kon konat=nin
+Gloss (with missing item): prison in=LOC 1SG ___ one∼RED see=NEG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He saw nothing / he didn't see a thing.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, reduplication of kon `one' has indefinite-like meanings\is{indefinite pronoun}. The use of konkon with a negated verb and combined with the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' so that we get \textit{the morpheme ___ konkon Verb=\textsc{neg}} results in the meaning `noits gloss ___', as exemplified in~(\ref{exe:dkonkon1}). Konkon=nin can also be used predicatively, inflected with the negator =nin itself, where it means `it doesn't matter'. See~(\ref{exe:dkonkonn2}). These constructions are well-established in the corpus.
+A: word: ikon	 gloss: some
+B: word: dodon-un	 gloss: clothes-3POSS
+C: word: don	 gloss: thing
+D: word: neba	 gloss: what
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 17:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): lembaga nerun=ko an don ___ konat=nin
+Gloss (with missing item): prison in=LOC 1SG thing ___ see=NEG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He saw nothing / he didn't see a thing.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, reduplication of kon `one' has indefinite-like meanings\is{indefinite pronoun}. The use of konkon with a negated verb and combined with don `thing' so that we get \textit{don konkon Verb=\textsc{neg}} results in the meaning `nothing', as exemplified in~(\ref{exe:dkonkon1}). Konkon=nin can also be used predicatively, inflected with the negator =nin itself, where it means `it doesn't matter'. See~(\ref{exe:dkonkonn2}). These constructions are well-established in the corpus.
+A: word: bolodak	 gloss: little_only
+B: word: kon∼kon	 gloss: one∼RED
+C: word: kolko=rar	 gloss: move_out=IMP.PL
+D: word: kon∼kon=nin	 gloss: one∼RED=NEG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+
+Question 18:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): lembaga nerun=ko an don kon∼kon ___
+Gloss (with missing item): prison in=LOC 1SG thing one∼RED ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`He saw nothing / he didn't see a thing.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, reduplication of kon `one' has indefinite-like meanings\is{indefinite pronoun}. The use of konkon with a negated verb and combined with don `thing' so that we get \textit{don konkon Verb=\textsc{neg}} results in the meaning `nothing', as exemplified in~(\ref{exe:dkonkon1}). Konkon=nin can also be used predicatively, inflected with the negator =nin itself, where it means `it doesn't matter'. See~(\ref{exe:dkonkonn2}). These constructions are well-established in the corpus.
+A: word: bolodak	 gloss: little_only
+B: word: kuet=nin	 gloss: get=NEG
+C: word: nat=nin	 gloss: consum=NEG
+D: word: konat=nin	 gloss: see=NEG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 19:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kian ma sala-un ___ kon∼kon=nin
+Gloss (with missing item): wife.1SG.POSS 3SG mistake-3POSS ___ one∼RED=NEG
+The English translation of this sentence is:`My wife's mistake doesn't matter.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, reduplication of kon `one' has indefinite-like meanings\is{indefinite pronoun}. The use of konkon with a negated verb and combined with the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' so that we get \textit{the morpheme ___ konkon Verb=\textsc{neg}} results in the meaning `noits gloss ___', as exemplified in~(\ref{exe:dkonkon1}). Konkon=nin can also be used predicatively, inflected with the negator =nin itself, where it means `it doesn't matter'. See~(\ref{exe:dkonkonn2}). These constructions are well-established in the corpus.
+A: word: dodon-un	 gloss: clothes-3POSS
+B: word: neba	 gloss: what
+C: word: don	 gloss: thing
+D: word: tebon∼tebon=tun	 gloss: all∼INTS=INTS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 20:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): kian ma sala-un don ___
+Gloss (with missing item): wife.1SG.POSS 3SG mistake-3POSS thing ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`My wife's mistake doesn't matter.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition, reduplication of kon `one' has indefinite-like meanings\is{indefinite pronoun}. The use of konkon with a negated verb and combined with don `thing' so that we get \textit{don konkon Verb=\textsc{neg}} results in the meaning `nothing', as exemplified in~(\ref{exe:dkonkon1}). Konkon=nin can also be used predicatively, inflected with the negator =nin itself, where it means `it doesn't matter'. See~(\ref{exe:dkonkonn2}). These constructions are well-established in the corpus.
+A: word: towari∼wa=ten	 gloss: young∼RED=AT
+B: word: salak	 gloss: ten_thousand
+C: word: kon∼kon	 gloss: one∼DISTR
+D: word: kon∼kon=nin	 gloss: one∼RED=NEG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: D
+
+Question 21:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): samur-et ___
+Gloss (with missing item): Mbaham-person ___
+The English translation of this sentence is:`A few Mbaham people.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The corpus also contains two other indefinite-like examples of reduplicated kon `one'. In~(\ref{exe:samuret}), the best translation of konkon is `few' or 'some'. It is taken from a discussion about who was invited to a big funeral on Karas. The context of~(\ref{exe:obatkon}) gives fewer clues about the meaning of konkon, but it seems to mean `other', or alternatively, `not any'.
+A: word: et-purir-kon=kap	 gloss: CLF_AN-twenty-approximately=SIM
+B: word: nain=kap=et	 gloss: like=SIM=IRR
+C: word: kon∼kon	 gloss: one∼RED
+D: word: kon∼kon=nin	 gloss: one∼RED=NEG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: C
+
+Question 22:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): sontum pasier=ka bot=nin [...] obat ___ eranun pi neba=et me [...] pirawilak met koyak
+Gloss (with missing item): person beach=LAT go=NEG {} medicine ___ cannot 1PL.INCL PH=IRR TOP {} kind_of_tree DIST.OBJ cut
+The English translation of this sentence is:`[When] people can't go to the toilet, [... if we] cannot use other medicine, we whatsit [...] cut that pirawilak.'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The corpus also contains two other indefinite-like examples of reduplicated kon `one'. In~(\ref{exe:samuret}), the best translation of konkon is `few' or 'some'. It is taken from a discussion about who was invited to a big funeral on Karas. The context of~(\ref{exe:obatkon}) gives fewer clues about the meaning of konkon, but it seems to mean `other', or alternatively, `not any'.
+A: word: kon∼kon	 gloss: one∼RED
+B: word: taikon	 gloss: one_side
+C: word: yorsik=ta	 gloss: straight=NFIN
+D: word: kon∼kon=nin	 gloss: one∼RED=NEG
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: A
+
+Question 23:
+You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
+Sentence (with missing item): ikon-i an se parair mungkin ___ ye
+Gloss (with missing item): some-OBJQNT 1SG IAM split maybe ___ or
+The English translation of this sentence is:`Some I already split, maybe twenty or so?'
+Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The last inflection attested on quantifiers is the quantifier object marker\is{quantifier object} -i (§\ref{sec:numobj}), for quantifiers in object NPs. An example of this is ikon `some' in~(\ref{exe:purirkon}) above.
+A: word: an=kap	 gloss: 1SG=SIM
+B: word: et-purir-kon=kap	 gloss: CLF_AN-twenty-approximately=SIM
+C: word: et-putkaruok	 gloss: CLF_AN-thirteen
+D: word: tebon∼tebon=tun	 gloss: all∼INTS=INTS
+Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
+Correct Answer: B
+