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are number approximate We an visible have images. of in counted cars that these also
We have also counted an approximate number of cars that are visible in these images.
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to In propose problem. we this "Model this method a paper, tackle Segmentation" Assisted
In this paper, we propose a "Model Assisted Segmentation" method to tackle this problem.
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fully method requires user and automatic is interaction. The no
The method is fully automatic and requires no user interaction.
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prior any the system require training. not Also, does
Also, the system does not require any prior training.
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results We a photographs of our on present car. real
We present our results on photographs of a real car.
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is in fact. well-established cognition process Context-dependence human a
Context-dependence in human cognition process is a well-established fact.
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was Result used convolution of to them. classify
Result of convolution was used to classify them.
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the data all image-dataset. training Moreover selected within were points images from the
Moreover the training data points were selected from all the images within image-dataset.
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and main stages: hyper are there heuristic move Generally, two heuristic in selection framework, acceptance.
Generally, in hyper heuristic framework, there are two main stages: heuristic selection and move acceptance.
4,008
paper Heuristic This stage on develop framework. Hyper emphasizes latter the (HH) to
This paper emphasizes on the latter stage to develop Hyper Heuristic (HH) framework.
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methods the have network to communication and the secure infrastructure developed been Internet. over Many
Many methods have been developed to secure the network infrastructure and communication over the Internet.
4,010
addition Intrusion detection new a to relatively is such techniques.
Intrusion detection is a relatively new addition to such techniques.
4,011
day big is is amount by One increasing Intrusion of problem day. which
One big problem is amount of Intrusion which is increasing day by day.
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analysing IDS, network know then to effect. need about We using information attack the
We need to know about network attack information using IDS, then analysing the effect.
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AI of Introduction of intrusions. the necessitates importance in normalization
Introduction of AI necessitates the importance of normalization in intrusions.
4,014
similar are typically Starfish in pentameral pentagram. they typically and show shape a symmetry, to
Starfish typically show pentameral symmetry, and they are typically similar in shape to a pentagram.
4,015
In five-armed starfish autotomy, which starfish for is addition, perform crucially best on important survival.
In addition, five-armed starfish perform best on autotomy, which is crucially important for starfish survival.
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conformation Nevertheless, flexibility and in can see arms. of the some we number
Nevertheless, we can see some flexibility in the number and conformation of arms.
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derive such quantum apply a to formula. We statistics
We apply quantum statistics to derive such a formula.
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For self only simplicity, globular monomeric covered. proteins are folding
For simplicity, only monomeric self folding globular proteins are covered.
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immediate point out of applications formula. the We some
We point out some immediate applications of the formula.
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explains We very show the phenomena observed that well. the formula
We show that the formula explains the observed phenomena very well.
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Intelligent Knowledge Multidimensional Agents, Discovery. Techniques, Data Mining Profile, User Visualization, KEYWORDS:
KEYWORDS: Data Mining Techniques, Intelligent Agents, User Profile, Multidimensional Visualization, Knowledge Discovery.
4,022
Determining a clusters task. optimal dataset of a challenging is in number
Determining optimal number of clusters in a dataset is a challenging task.
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methods there some that algorithm unique solution. available, produces no Though is are clustering
Though some methods are available, there is no algorithm that produces unique clustering solution.
4,024
infectivity in This individuals. is model, e.g., natural of susceptibility a heterogeneity or to framework
This is a natural framework to model, e.g., heterogeneity in susceptibility or infectivity of individuals.
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We theory, results necessary with review, approach. along the using the obtained discussed the
We review, along with the necessary theory, the results obtained using the discussed approach.
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is Spectrum cognitive a radio. sensing in problem fundamental
Spectrum sensing is a fundamental problem in cognitive radio.
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is analysis threshold for setting Theoretical algorithm of discussed. the
Theoretical analysis of threshold setting for the algorithm is discussed.
4,028
schemes proposed combining probability recent and years. Many first-order been in logic have representation
Many representation schemes combining first-order logic and probability have been proposed in recent years.
4,029
and slower. has logical Progress in probabilistic unifying inference been
Progress in unifying logical and probabilistic inference has been slower.
4,030
variable lifted greatly show Experiments outperforms it is logical structure when elimination present. that
Experiments show that it greatly outperforms lifted variable elimination when logical structure is present.
4,031
evaluations to our significant over speedup alternatives. Experimental algorithms the show provide
Experimental evaluations show our algorithms to provide significant speedup over the alternatives.
4,032
symmetry and the from derived form major forms the other Pentameral is are it.
Pentameral symmetry is the major form and the other forms are derived from it.
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believed However, which bilaterians. period, were the from to Cambrian originated echinoderms, be of ancestors
However, the ancestors of echinoderms, which originated from Cambrian period, were believed to be bilaterians.
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bilateral are during early development. larvae Echinoderm their
Echinoderm larvae are bilateral during their early development.
4,035
possess symmetrical also controls cluster, development. Starfish which Hox gene the
Starfish also possess the Hox gene cluster, which controls symmetrical development.
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and a bilateral process. to Overall, developmental are mechanism echinoderms have thought
Overall, echinoderms are thought to have a bilateral developmental mechanism and process.
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tendency. adult this to its corroborate bilateral focused starfish we In on article, behaviors
In this article, we focused on adult starfish behaviors to corroborate its bilateral tendency.
4,038
when EM. EDML especially interesting behaviors, exhibits to compared
EDML exhibits interesting behaviors, especially when compared to EM.
4,039
The features geometric of the proposed the character system extracts contour.
The proposed system extracts the geometric features of the character contour.
4,040
that forms on basic the the This based types features line skeleton. are character
This features are based on the basic line types that forms the character skeleton.
4,041
feature gives output. as system its vector The a
The system gives a feature vector as its output.
4,042
algorithm performing We inference models. MAP distributed anytime present in graphical for a
We present a distributed anytime algorithm for performing MAP inference in graphical models.
4,043
as the linear formulated problem The over is relaxation graph. a programming of a edges
The problem is formulated as a linear programming relaxation over the edges of a graph.
4,044
allows that constraint application The program Dantzig-Wolfe structure of decomposition the principle. resulting has a
The resulting program has a constraint structure that allows application of the Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition principle.
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be computed manner. over a individual are and can edges distributed defined in Subprograms
Subprograms are defined over individual edges and can be computed in a distributed manner.
4,046
solutions not in graphs This memory. fit does to space state accommodates whose
This accommodates solutions to graphs whose state space does not fit in memory.
4,047
the A to outcome formal the final more observations. directly infer approach from is
A more formal approach is to directly infer the final outcome from the observations.
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in potentials. consists models and of multiplying repeatedly summing graphical out Inference
Inference in graphical models consists of repeatedly multiplying and summing out potentials.
4,049
an propose We potentials: their method values. quantizing simplifying for alternate
We propose an alternate method for simplifying potentials: quantizing their values.
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to decision use this algebraic do (ADDs) efficiently. diagrams We
We use algebraic decision diagrams (ADDs) to do this efficiently.
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tagged-fish and the daylight. varying strengths We the aggregation current of characterized to response
We characterized the response of the tagged-fish aggregation to varying current strengths and daylight.
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decision This decision focuses possibilistic trees. making in sequential paper on
This paper focuses on sequential decision making in possibilistic decision trees.
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specifically to solve the optimisation framework, is this problem. SCIP used Integer programming,
Integer programming, specifically the SCIP framework, is used to solve this optimisation problem.
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fast particularly for this learning. is Results a exact that method BN show
Results show that this is a particularly fast method for exact BN learning.
4,055
sciences. a controlling and empirical is Identifying key in problem bias
Identifying and controlling bias is a key problem in empirical sciences.
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making sheds under on models This result of the light uncertainty. decision
This result sheds light on the models of decision making under uncertainty.
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is to achieve. difficult while often Bayes-optimal behavior, well-defined,
Bayes-optimal behavior, while well-defined, is often difficult to achieve.
4,058
been face Recently proposed based recognition for the classification robust representation (SRC) sparse (FR). has
Recently the sparse representation based classification (SRC) has been proposed for robust face recognition (FR).
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on computational constraint sparsity high. coefficients SRC's very coding the makes Meanwhile, cost the
Meanwhile, the sparsity constraint on the coding coefficients makes SRC's computational cost very high.
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joint the optimal policy as Finding optimization can problem. be an formulated
Finding the optimal joint policy can be formulated as an optimization problem.
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lack too However, optimality are and/or guarantees. formulations existing verbose
However, existing formulations are too verbose and/or lack optimality guarantees.
4,062
propose compact Integer We Mixed EDI-CR a instances. Program formulation Linear of
We propose a compact Mixed Integer Linear Program formulation of EDI-CR instances.
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variables. and us to allows fewer use similarly treat This sequences these
This allows us to treat these sequences similarly and use fewer variables.
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population, studies interaction, Such etc. identification biological for social of is useful migration,
Such identification is useful for biological studies of population, social interaction, migration, etc.
4,065
such preliminary that But present bounds we results possible. are show
But we present preliminary results that show such bounds are possible.
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in computational abstraction, reductions exponential may applicable, when Hierarchical complexity. problem offer
Hierarchical problem abstraction, when applicable, may offer exponential reductions in computational complexity.
4,067
Viterbi abstraction the show In how apply paper, problem. to temporal this to we
In this paper, we show how to apply temporal abstraction to the Viterbi problem.
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processing topic an in image important field. the image is segmentation Color
Color image segmentation is an important topic in the image processing field.
4,069
We study in negotiation the combinatorial of problem agent-based domains.
We study the problem of agent-based negotiation in combinatorial domains.
4,070
in situations. agreements inefficient such Self-interested up often agents end negotiating
Self-interested agents often end up negotiating inefficient agreements in such situations.
4,071
Markov decision widely stochastic used decision environments. are (MDPs) in making in problems processes modeling
Markov decision processes (MDPs) are widely used in modeling decision making problems in stochastic environments.
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However, in precise very specification of difficult. MDPs functions reward the often is
However, precise specification of the reward functions in MDPs is often very difficult.
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also present method further for of the version up. an speed We approximate
We also present an approximate version of the method for further speed up.
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improves orders algorithm We our experimentally magnitude. that the by performance demonstrate of
We experimentally demonstrate that our algorithm improves the performance by orders of magnitude.
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that tasks. these is efficient contribution we develop this inference of for The paper algorithms
The contribution of this paper is that we develop efficient inference algorithms for these tasks.
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methods. To such state-of-the-art employ we tasks, solve
To solve such tasks, we employ state-of-the-art methods.
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to smart pulse-based analysis. We pattern provide recognition stochastic-logic an design efficient blocks
We design smart pulse-based stochastic-logic blocks to provide an efficient pattern recognition analysis.
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specific proposed is The to rchitecture a applied navigation problem.
The proposed rchitecture is applied to a specific navigation problem.
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magnitude orders system resulting solutions. The than of processor-based faster is
The resulting system is orders of magnitude faster than processor-based solutions.
4,080
neuron equations. by is individual FitzHugh-Nagumo modeled each On level, the
On the individual level, each neuron is modeled by FitzHugh-Nagumo equations.
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uptake. involved in roots, In various zinc ZIP are plant transporters
In plant roots, various ZIP transporters are involved in zinc uptake.
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thought involved. unknown, is to bZIP largely are but be transcription Their factors regulation
Their regulation is largely unknown, but bZIP transcription factors are thought to be involved.
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activator/inhibitor. up and We with activator activator three models: dimerization set only, putative
We set up three putative models: activator only, activator with dimerization and activator/inhibitor.
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measurements to analyzed. fitted were These and
These were fitted to measurements and analyzed.
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low has or in self-similarity frequencies. memory A long properties scale-invariant process
A long memory process has self-similarity or scale-invariant properties in low frequencies.
4,086
many proteomic coupled techniques. separation can to MS be
MS can be coupled to many proteomic separation techniques.
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However, is point. a chains analytical technological variability on these critical controlling
However, controlling technological variability on these analytical chains is a critical point.
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hierarchical analytical of LC-MS a In model chain. the we Method : this introduce communication,
Method : In this communication, we introduce a hierarchical model of the LC-MS analytical chain.
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a mixture This model. hierarchical molecular defines graph
This molecular graph defines a hierarchical mixture model.
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step. will the an consider digestion As we example,
As an example, we will consider the digestion step.
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this We in was that diel demonstrated amplified FAD. temporal the leading pattern
We demonstrated that this diel temporal pattern was amplified in the leading FAD.
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has standard in rendering some effectiveness. However, limitations isosurface
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(SDC) microdata, control disclosure of of statistical purpose a.k.a. The
The purpose of statistical disclosure control (SDC) of microdata, a.k.a.
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This of overview provides informal an UAI article in context.
This article provides an informal overview of UAI in context.
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unfavorable and consists of alternation a The periodic of habitat patches. favorable
The habitat consists of a periodic alternation of favorable and unfavorable patches.
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the fixed rate. In dies the at latter population
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invasion may advection, the However, we intense when enough, process. activate show that
However, we show that advection, when intense enough, may activate the invasion process.
4,098
doing in density. tractable density so the intractable In the transition of place emerges noise
In doing so the tractable noise density emerges in place of the intractable transition density.
4,099