README.md

---
language:
- en
- es
pretty_name: "REE Iberian Peninsula Electricity Generation (2008–2026)"
tags:
- electricity
- energy
- spain
- iberia
- generation
- demand
- time-series
- renewables
- power-grid
size_categories:
- 1M<n<10M
task_categories:
- time-series-forecasting
license: cc-by-4.0
---

# REE Iberian Peninsula Electricity Generation

Electricity **demand and generation by source** for the Iberian Peninsula, sourced from [REE (Red Eléctrica de España)](https://www.ree.es/). Covers **2008–present** at **5-minute resolution**, fully deduplicated.

## Dataset Summary

- **1,931,443 rows** × 38 columns
- **Date range**: 2007-12-31 → 2026-05-14
- **Resolution**: 5 minutes

## Columns

33 columns from the REE API, plus `ts` (timestamp). All values in **MW**.

| Column | Description |
|---|---|
| `dem` | Total electricity demand |
| `eol` | Wind (Eólica) |
| `nuc` | Nuclear |
| `gf` | Natural gas (Gas natural) |
| `car` | Coal (Carbón) |
| `cc` | Combined cycle (Ciclo combinado) |
| `hid` | Hydropower (Hidráulica) — can be negative (net pumping) |
| `sol` | Solar (legacy total; may overlap with `solFot` + `solTer`) |
| `solFot` | Solar photovoltaic |
| `solTer` | Solar thermal |
| `termRenov` | Renewable thermal (biomass) |
| `cogenResto` | Cogeneration & other |
| `aut` | Self-generation (Autogeneración) |
| `conb` | Pumped storage consumption |
| `turb` | Pumped storage generation |
| `gnhd` | Non-distributable hydro minus pumping |
| `bat` | Battery discharge |
| `consBat` | Battery charging |
| `vap` | Steam (Vapor) |
| `inter` | Net international exchange (positive = export) |
| `icb` | Islanded consumption blocks |
| `expAnd` / `expMar` / `expPor` / `expFra` / `expTot` | Exports by destination / total |
| `impFra` / `impPor` / `impMar` / `impAnd` / `impTot` | Imports by origin / total |
| `dif` | Balancing difference |

## Column History

The API schema has always contained all 33 columns, but several transitioned from zero to active (or vice versa) as infrastructure was built or reporting changed:

| Column(s) | Change | Date |
|---|---|---|
| `icb` | zero → active | 2013-02-28 08:50 |
| `sol` | zero → active (solar aggregate) | 2013-07-24 09:10 |
| `solFot`, `solTer` | zero → active (solar split into PV + thermal; `sol` kept as legacy aggregate) | 2015-04-30 22:00 |
| `termRenov`, `cogenResto` | zero → active | 2015-04-30 22:00 |
| `gnhd`, `conb` | zero → active (pumped storage detail) | 2022-01-25 |
| `turb` | zero → active (pumped storage turbine) | 2024-09-19 08:45 |
| `exp*`, `imp*` | zero → active (per-country exchange breakdown) | 2024-09-18 02:00 |
| `bat`, `consBat`, `dif` | zero → active (grid-scale batteries) | 2024-10-24 |
| `vap` | zero → active (steam generation) | 2025-07-14 14:00 |
| `gf` | active → zero (natural gas fuel discontinued) | 2024-10-01 13:00 |
| `aut` | active → zero (self-generation reporting discontinued) | 2025-12-11 11:10 |

## Usage

```python
from datasets import load_dataset

ds = load_dataset("daniel-dona/ree-data")
```

## Notes

- **`hid` negative values** indicate net pumping (pumps consume more than turbines generate).
- **`sol` vs `solFot`/`solTer`**: `sol` is a legacy aggregate. Prefer `solFot` + `solTer` for accurate solar.
- Static snapshot as of 2026-05-14.

## License

**CC-BY-4.0**. Underlying data published by [REE](https://www.ree.es/) as open data.