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August Kopff , a colleague of Wolf at Heidelberg , then discovered 617 Patroclus eight months after Achilles , and , in early 1907 , he discovered the largest of all Jupiter trojans , 624 Hektor .
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The five bodies currently called planets that were known to the Greeks were those visible to the naked eye : Mercury , Venus , Mars , Jupiter , and Saturn .
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Several genes known to be affected by differential methylation are the CYP1A1 xenobiotic response element , Aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor , and F2RL3 .
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Hall also parodied the song as Cell Black Django using celebrities NeNe Leakes ( as the master of ceremonies ) , Nicki Minaj , Rihanna , Solange Knowles , Beyoncé , internet meme Sharkeisha ( which he portrayed ) , and Mariah Carey .
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Also , Mercury 's fairly eccentric orbit makes it much easier to detect the perihelion shift than is the case for the nearly circular orbits of Venus and Earth .
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In 1926 , Mark C Lidwill of the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital of Sydney , supported by physicist Edgar H. Booth of the University of Sydney , devised a portable apparatus which plugged into a lighting point and in which One pole was applied to a skin pad soaked in strong salt solution while the other pole consisted of a needle insulated except at its point , and was plunged into the appropriate cardiac chamber .
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Nüsslein-Volhard was educated at the University of Tübingen where she earned a PhD in 1974 for research into Protein-DNA interaction s and the binding of RNA polymerase in Escherichia coli .
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He died , aged 78 , on August 5 , 2013 , at the University of Maryland Medical Center ' s R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center from complications following a fall at his home in Annapolis , MD .
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There were three names on the list : Werner Heisenberg , who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1932 , Peter Debye , who would receive the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1936 , and Richard Becker - all former students of Sommerfeld .
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DNA methyltransferase is recruited to the site and adds methyl groups to the cytosine of the CpG dinucleotides .
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He also studies the Kuiper Belt and transitional objects such as 2060 Chiron and 5145 Pholus , as well as the occasional comets as with the recent Deep impact mission that travelled to Comet Tempel 1 , and near-Earth asteroids with the occasional use of the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescope s .
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The widely used iGluSnFR consists of a circularly permuted Green fluorescent protein fused to a glutamate binding protein ( GluBP ) from a bacterium .
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He was research assistant to Richard Harrison at the Royal London Hospital , then worked with J. D. H. Slater at the Middlesex Hospital from 1973 to 1974 and with A. Grabham at Kettering General Hospital for a year , before being appointed as assistant lecturer and honorary senior house orderly registrar in the School of Pathology at Middlesex Hospital Medical School ( 1975 to 1976 ) .
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In the 20th century , DuPont developed many polymer s such as Vespel , neoprene , nylon , Corian , Polytetrafluoroethylene , Mylar , Kapton , Kevlar , Zemdrain , M5 fiber , Nomex , Tyvek , Sorona , Corfam , and Lycra .
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Under the influence of the new empirical methods propounded by Sir Francis Bacon and others , a group of chemists at Oxford , Robert Boyle , Robert Hooke and John Mayow began to reshape the old alchemical traditions into a scientific discipline .
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The Thimble Tickle squid was found aground offshore , alive , on 2 November 1878 , near Little Bay Copper Mine , Thimble Tickle Bay , Notre Dame Bay , Newfoundland Colony .
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Spermidine synthase uses putrescine and S-Adenosylmethioninamine ( decarboxylated S-Adenosyl methionine ) to produce spermidine .
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Organizations such as Community Forestry International , Cool Earth , The Nature Conservancy , World Wide Fund for Nature , Conservation International , African Conservation Foundation and Greenpeace also focus on preserving forest habitats .
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Tyas ' 5 recent consecutive high rankings within the highly coveted DJ Mag Top 100 poll are a result of his dynamic DJ performances at some of the largest clubs and festivals in the world , including Tomorrowland , A State Of Trance , Ultra Music Festival , Electric Daisy Carnival , Electric Zoo , Godskitchen , Gatecrasher , Ministry Of Sound , Beyond Wonderland , Avalon Hollywood , Privilege Ibiza , and many more .
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He has been elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society , the Chinese Academy of Sciences , the Academia Sinica , the Russian Academy of Sciences , and the Royal Society .
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The author of the Dictionary of Minor Planet Names , Lutz D. Schmadel , contacted Italian astronomer Paul G. Comba , who confirmed that this naming was another clear instance of homage to him .
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Liver function test s may be elevated , particularly involving Gamma-glutamyltransferase and Alkaline phosphatase , with ultrasound and CT scans being considered medical imaging investigations of choice .
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Eigen received his Ph.D. at the University of Göttingen in 1951 under supervision of Arnold Eucken .
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In 1831 , Michael Faraday made the seminal observation that time-varying magnetic fields could induce electric currents and then , in 1864 , James Clerk Maxwell published his famous paper A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field . Maxwell 1864 5 , page 499 ; also David J. Griffiths ( 1999 ) , Introduction to electrodynamics , third Edition , ed .
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Still within the same PCR tube , overnight IVT reaction is assembled , including standard IVT buffer , NTPs , T7 RNA polymerase , RNase inhibitor , DMSO , etc .
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Based on spectroscopy , Saturn is thought to be similar in composition to Jupiter , but the other giant planets Uranus and Neptune have relatively less hydrogen and helium and relatively more ices and are thus now termed ice giant s .
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"name": "ice giant",
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221,
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Julius Tafel discovered that hydroxylamine hydrochloride or sulfate salts can be produced by electrolytic reduction of nitric acid with Hydrochloric acid or Sulfuric acid respectively :
|
[
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29,
56
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{
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60,
73
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{
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130
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{
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153
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"type": "chemical compound"
},
{
"name": "Sulfuric acid",
"pos": [
157,
170
],
"type": "chemical compound"
}
] |
Lindsay and his wife Rachel translated Hans Kramers book , The Atom and the Bohr Theory of its Structure , in 1923 , Hans Kramers & amp ; Helge Holst , The Atom and the Bohr Theory of its Structure : An Elementary Presentation , Gyldendal , 210pp .
|
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{
"name": "Gyldendal",
"pos": [
229,
238
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"type": "organization"
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] |
Nicknames ( e.g. 51 Pegasi b , HD 209458 b , 2018 VG18 ) should not be used as article titles , unless they have become the common name in the scientific literature .
|
[
{
"name": "51 Pegasi b",
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17,
28
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{
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42
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"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "2018 VG18",
"pos": [
45,
54
],
"type": "astronomical object"
}
] |
He has written several invited review articles and book chapters for a number of prestigious journals and books including Chemical Reviews , Accounts of Chemical Research , Angewandte Chemie and the main textbook in the field of circular dichroism , Comprehensive Chiroptical Spectroscopy .
|
[
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170
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{
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173,
190
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{
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229,
247
],
"type": "theory"
},
{
"name": "Comprehensive Chiroptical Spectroscopy",
"pos": [
250,
288
],
"type": "else"
}
] |
In order to get a meaningful sulfur signal from the analysis , the buffer should not contain sulfur ( i.e. no BES , DDT , HEPES , MES , MOPS , or PIPES compounds ) .
|
[
{
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29,
35
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{
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99
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{
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110,
113
],
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},
{
"name": "DDT",
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116,
119
],
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},
{
"name": "HEPES",
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122,
127
],
"type": "chemical compound"
},
{
"name": "MES",
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130,
133
],
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},
{
"name": "MOPS",
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136,
140
],
"type": "chemical compound"
},
{
"name": "PIPES",
"pos": [
146,
151
],
"type": "chemical compound"
}
] |
The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education , operated by Oak Ridge Associated Universities , conducts research and education programs for the DOE , Department of Homeland Security , and other federal agencies .
|
[
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{
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152
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "Department of Homeland Security",
"pos": [
155,
186
],
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}
] |
After students at Uppsala University celebrated Bonaparte 's return to France from his Italian campaigns , Gustav IV Adolf appointed von Fersen as Uppsala University .
|
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{
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104
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{
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122
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{
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143
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"type": "person"
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{
"name": "Uppsala University",
"pos": [
147,
165
],
"type": "university"
}
] |
Flexner had studied European schools such as Heidelberg University , All Souls College , Oxford , and the Collège de France -and he wanted to establish a similar advanced research center in the United States .
|
[
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{
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66
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{
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69,
95
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{
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106,
123
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{
"name": "United States",
"pos": [
194,
207
],
"type": "country"
}
] |
This mechanism is evident on Jupiter and Saturn and on brown dwarf s whose central temperatures are not high enough to undergo nuclear fusion .
|
[
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29,
36
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"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Saturn",
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41,
47
],
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}
] |
Oxon ) Royal College of Physicians , the son of Sir Henry Acland , 1st Baronet MD Royal Society .
|
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4
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64
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},
{
"name": "Baronet MD Royal Society",
"pos": [
71,
95
],
"type": "award"
}
] |
The area is also served by two hospitals with Merlin Park University Hospital to the west and the private Galway Clinic to the east of Doughiska .
|
[
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46,
77
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119
],
"type": "organization"
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{
"name": "Doughiska",
"pos": [
135,
144
],
"type": "location"
}
] |
Pacific Union College , classified as a National Liberal Arts College by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching , is the county 's only four-year college and serves roughly 1,500 students .
|
[
{
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21
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"type": "university"
},
{
"name": "Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching",
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77,
128
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The five bodies currently called planets that were known to the Greeks were those visible to the naked eye : Mercury , Venus , Mars , Jupiter , and Saturn .
|
[
{
"name": "Greeks",
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64,
70
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"type": "else"
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{
"name": "Mercury",
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116
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{
"name": "Venus",
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124
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},
{
"name": "Mars",
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127,
131
],
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{
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141
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Saturn",
"pos": [
148,
154
],
"type": "astronomical object"
}
] |
In 1871 he was elected a fellow of the Linnean Society of London , and in 1881 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society .
|
[
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64
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"type": "award"
},
{
"name": "fellow of the Royal Society",
"pos": [
96,
123
],
"type": "award"
}
] |
The planets have been designated Pr0201 b and Pr0211 b .
|
[
{
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33,
41
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Pr0211 b",
"pos": [
46,
54
],
"type": "astronomical object"
}
] |
The two-part finale 's epic scale and underlying plot was first conceived in early 2007 as the last regular-series story for departing producer s Russell T Davies , Julie Gardner , and Phil Collinson : the fourth series finale is the last story produced by Collinson ; and Steven Moffat and Piers Wenger replaced Davies and Gardner as show runner and executive producer respectively in 2010 .
|
[
{
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146,
162
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{
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165,
178
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{
"name": "Phil Collinson",
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185,
199
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{
"name": "Collinson",
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257,
266
],
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},
{
"name": "Steven Moffat",
"pos": [
273,
286
],
"type": "person"
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{
"name": "Piers Wenger",
"pos": [
291,
303
],
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},
{
"name": "Davies",
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313,
319
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Gardner",
"pos": [
324,
331
],
"type": "person"
}
] |
Lost was created by Jeffrey Lieber , J. J. Abrams and Damon Lindelof , who share story writing credits for the pilot episode , which Abrams directed .
|
[
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0,
4
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{
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{
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49
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{
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54,
68
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{
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111,
124
],
"type": "else"
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{
"name": "Abrams",
"pos": [
133,
139
],
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}
] |
The study claimed precise CRISPR and homology-directed repair response with high accuracy and percision .
|
[
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26,
32
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "homology-directed repair response",
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37,
70
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] |
In 1917 , he was appointed as the first Palit Professor of Physics by Ashutosh Mukherjee at the Rajabazar Science College , University of Calcutta .
|
[
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66
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121
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"type": "university"
},
{
"name": "University of Calcutta",
"pos": [
124,
146
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It has one of the six Indian Institute of Management Indore and one of sixteen Indian Institute of Technology Indore .
|
[
{
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22,
59
],
"type": "university"
},
{
"name": "Indian Institute of Technology Indore",
"pos": [
79,
116
],
"type": "university"
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] |
From the 16th century , researchers including Jan Baptist van Helmont , Robert Boyle , and Isaac Newton tried to establish theories of the experimentally observed chemical transformations .
|
[
{
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46,
69
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{
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72,
84
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"type": "scientist"
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{
"name": "Isaac Newton",
"pos": [
91,
103
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}
] |
Weisskopf was awarded the Max Planck Medal in 1956 and the Prix mondial Cino Del Duca in 1972 , the National Medal of Science ( 1980 ) , the Wolf Prize ( 1981 ) and the Public Welfare Medal from the National Academy of Sciences ( 1991 ) .
|
[
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9
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{
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42
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{
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59,
85
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{
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100,
125
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{
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"pos": [
141,
151
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{
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169,
189
],
"type": "award"
},
{
"name": "National Academy of Sciences",
"pos": [
199,
227
],
"type": "organization"
}
] |
In 2005 , Tania Singer and Chris Frith of the UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and the Functional Imaging Laboratory published the results of a study using transcranial magnetic stimulation which showed for the first time the role of sensorimotor components in empathy for pain in other people .
|
[
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22
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{
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123
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163,
196
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{
"name": "sensorimotor",
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241,
253
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] |
In August 1955 , Grissom was reassigned to the U.S. Air Force Institute of Technology at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton , Ohio .
|
[
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17,
24
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{
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120
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{
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126,
132
],
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},
{
"name": "Ohio",
"pos": [
135,
139
],
"type": "location"
}
] |
Joly was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1892 , was awarded the Boyle Medal of the Royal Dublin Society in 1911 , , a student geological association established in 1960 .
|
[
{
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{
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83,
94
],
"type": "award"
},
{
"name": "Royal Dublin Society",
"pos": [
102,
122
],
"type": "organization"
}
] |
Nihonium was first reported to have been created in 2003 by a Russian-American collaboration at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research ( JINR ) in Dubna , Russia , and in 2004 by a team of Japanese scientists at Riken in Wakō , Japan .
|
[
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136
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{
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139,
143
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{
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149,
154
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{
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157,
163
],
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},
{
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191,
199
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{
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214,
219
],
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},
{
"name": "Wakō",
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223,
227
],
"type": "location"
},
{
"name": "Japan",
"pos": [
230,
235
],
"type": "country"
}
] |
The album received a Grammy Award nomination for Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album at the 45th Annual Grammy Awards ( 2003 ) .
|
[
{
"name": "Grammy Award",
"pos": [
21,
33
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},
{
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86
],
"type": "award"
},
{
"name": "45th Annual Grammy Awards",
"pos": [
94,
119
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"type": "award"
}
] |
The exceptions are Venus and Uranus .
|
[
{
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19,
24
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"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Uranus",
"pos": [
29,
35
],
"type": "astronomical object"
}
] |
Triple conjunctions between the inferior planets Mercury and Venus and the superior planets Jupiter , Saturn , Uranus , Neptune , dwarf planet Pluto or with star s take place when these objects are at the same time in conjunction to Sun while Mercury or Venus are at inferior conjunction .
|
[
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49,
56
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{
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66
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{
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92,
99
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{
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102,
108
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{
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111,
117
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},
{
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127
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},
{
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143,
148
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},
{
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233,
236
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},
{
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243,
250
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"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Venus",
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254,
259
],
"type": "astronomical object"
}
] |
In 1991 , John Preskill and Kip Thorne bet against Stephen Hawking that the hypothesis was FALSE .
|
[
{
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10,
23
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{
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38
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{
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51,
66
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] |
She represented her country at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics without advancing from the first round .
|
[
{
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"pos": [
35,
72
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"type": "event"
}
] |
Auroras have been observed on both gas planets , most clearly using the Hubble Space Telescope , and the Cassini and Galileo spacecraft , as well as on Uranus and Neptune .
|
[
{
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7
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},
{
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163,
170
],
"type": "astronomical object"
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] |
The kinetic isotope effect ( KIE ) of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase ( RuBisCO ) is the isotopic fractionation associated solely with the step in the Calvin-Benson Cycle where a molecule of carbon dioxide (
|
[
{
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26
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{
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32
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{
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},
{
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88,
95
],
"type": "enzyme"
},
{
"name": "isotopic fractionation",
"pos": [
105,
127
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Calvin-Benson Cycle",
"pos": [
167,
186
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "carbon dioxide",
"pos": [
207,
221
],
"type": "chemical compound"
}
] |
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate has also been shown to inhibit the lsr operon through Cyclic adenosine monophosphate -CAPK-mediated inhibition .
|
[
{
"name": "Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate",
"pos": [
0,
26
],
"type": "chemical compound"
},
{
"name": "lsr operon",
"pos": [
62,
72
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Cyclic adenosine monophosphate",
"pos": [
81,
111
],
"type": "chemical compound"
}
] |
While geodesy and geophysics are separate fields , the two are so closely connected that many scientific organizations such as the American Geophysical Union , the Canadian Geophysical Union and the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics encompass both .
|
[
{
"name": "geodesy",
"pos": [
6,
13
],
"type": "discipline"
},
{
"name": "geophysics",
"pos": [
18,
28
],
"type": "discipline"
},
{
"name": "American Geophysical Union",
"pos": [
131,
157
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "Canadian Geophysical Union",
"pos": [
164,
190
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics",
"pos": [
199,
244
],
"type": "organization"
}
] |
The relative positions of five planets ( Saturn , Jupiter , Mars , Venus , and Mercury ) were shown , as were the moon 's phases and the position of the Sun in the zodiac .
|
[
{
"name": "Saturn",
"pos": [
41,
47
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Jupiter",
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50,
57
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Mars",
"pos": [
60,
64
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Venus",
"pos": [
67,
72
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Mercury",
"pos": [
79,
86
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "moon",
"pos": [
114,
118
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Sun",
"pos": [
153,
156
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "zodiac",
"pos": [
164,
170
],
"type": "else"
}
] |
He was also a member of the Royal Academies of Medicine and the Royal Academy of Sciences , Arts , and of Literature of Belgium ; the Pontifical Academy of Sciences of the Vatican ; the American Academy of Arts and Sciences ; the French National Academy of Medicine ; the Academy of Sciences of Paris ; the Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina ; the American Philosophical Society .
|
[
{
"name": "Royal Academies of Medicine",
"pos": [
28,
55
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "Royal Academy of Sciences",
"pos": [
64,
89
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "Arts",
"pos": [
92,
96
],
"type": "discipline"
},
{
"name": "Literature of Belgium",
"pos": [
106,
127
],
"type": "discipline"
},
{
"name": "Pontifical Academy of Sciences",
"pos": [
134,
164
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "Vatican",
"pos": [
172,
179
],
"type": "location"
},
{
"name": "American Academy of Arts and Sciences",
"pos": [
186,
223
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "French",
"pos": [
230,
236
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "National Academy of Medicine",
"pos": [
237,
265
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "Academy of Sciences",
"pos": [
272,
291
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "Paris",
"pos": [
295,
300
],
"type": "location"
},
{
"name": "Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina",
"pos": [
307,
353
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "American Philosophical Society",
"pos": [
360,
390
],
"type": "organization"
}
] |
Ragtime was nominated for twelve Tony Awards and won the Tony Award for Best Original Score for Lynn Ahrens and Stephen Flahertyin addition to the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Lyrics .
|
[
{
"name": "Ragtime",
"pos": [
0,
7
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Tony Awards",
"pos": [
33,
44
],
"type": "award"
},
{
"name": "Tony Award for Best Original Score",
"pos": [
57,
91
],
"type": "award"
},
{
"name": "Lynn Ahrens",
"pos": [
96,
107
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Stephen Flahertyin",
"pos": [
112,
130
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Lyrics",
"pos": [
147,
186
],
"type": "award"
}
] |
The Apollo 7 mission is dramatized in the 1998 miniseries From the Earth to the Moon episode We Have Cleared the Tower , with Mark Harmon as Schirra , John Mese as Eisele , Fredric Lehne as Cunningham , and Max Wright as Wendt .
|
[
{
"name": "Apollo 7 mission",
"pos": [
4,
20
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "From the Earth to the Moon",
"pos": [
58,
84
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "We Have Cleared the Tower",
"pos": [
93,
118
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Mark Harmon",
"pos": [
126,
137
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Schirra",
"pos": [
141,
148
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "John Mese",
"pos": [
151,
160
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Eisele",
"pos": [
164,
170
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Fredric Lehne",
"pos": [
173,
186
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Cunningham",
"pos": [
190,
200
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Max Wright",
"pos": [
207,
217
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Wendt",
"pos": [
221,
226
],
"type": "person"
}
] |
The journal establishment was similar to the starting of The Astrophysical Journal and The Astronomical Journal by George Ellery Hale .
|
[
{
"name": "The Astrophysical Journal",
"pos": [
57,
82
],
"type": "academic journal"
},
{
"name": "The Astronomical Journal",
"pos": [
87,
111
],
"type": "academic journal"
},
{
"name": "George Ellery Hale",
"pos": [
115,
133
],
"type": "scientist"
}
] |
In 1969 , Shenton persuaded Ellis Hillman , a University of East London lecturer , to become president of the Flat Earth Society ; but there is little evidence of any activity on his part until after Shenton 's death , when he added most of Shenton 's library to the archives of the Science Fiction Foundation he helped to establish .
|
[
{
"name": "Shenton",
"pos": [
10,
17
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Ellis Hillman",
"pos": [
28,
41
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "University of East London",
"pos": [
46,
71
],
"type": "university"
},
{
"name": "Flat Earth Society",
"pos": [
110,
128
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "Shenton",
"pos": [
200,
207
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Shenton",
"pos": [
241,
248
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Science Fiction Foundation",
"pos": [
283,
309
],
"type": "organization"
}
] |
Mechnikov was appointed docent at the newly established Odessa University ( now Odessa University ) .
|
[
{
"name": "Mechnikov",
"pos": [
0,
9
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Odessa University",
"pos": [
56,
73
],
"type": "university"
},
{
"name": "Odessa University",
"pos": [
80,
97
],
"type": "university"
}
] |
Hideki Shirakawa ( 白川 英樹 Shirakawa Hideki , born August 20 , 1936 ) is a Japanese chemist , engineer , and Professor Emeritus at the University of Tsukuba and Zhejiang University .
|
[
{
"name": "Hideki Shirakawa",
"pos": [
0,
16
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "白川 英樹",
"pos": [
19,
24
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Shirakawa Hideki",
"pos": [
25,
41
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Japanese",
"pos": [
73,
81
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "University of Tsukuba",
"pos": [
133,
154
],
"type": "university"
},
{
"name": "Zhejiang University",
"pos": [
159,
178
],
"type": "university"
}
] |
The Scottish chemist Joseph Black ( the first experimental chemist ) and the Dutchman J.B. van Helmont discovered carbon dioxide , or what Black called ' fixed air ' in 1754 ; Henry Cavendish discovered hydrogen and elucidated its properties and Joseph Priestley and , independently , Carl Wilhelm Scheele isolated pure oxygen .
|
[
{
"name": "Scottish",
"pos": [
4,
12
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Joseph Black",
"pos": [
21,
33
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Dutchman",
"pos": [
77,
85
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "J.B. van Helmont",
"pos": [
86,
102
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "carbon dioxide",
"pos": [
114,
128
],
"type": "chemical compound"
},
{
"name": "Henry Cavendish",
"pos": [
176,
191
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "hydrogen",
"pos": [
203,
211
],
"type": "chemical compound"
},
{
"name": "Joseph Priestley",
"pos": [
246,
262
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Carl Wilhelm Scheele",
"pos": [
285,
305
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "oxygen",
"pos": [
320,
326
],
"type": "chemical compound"
}
] |
Poly ( ADP-ribosyl ) ation is an immediate DNA damage-dependent post-translational modification of Histone and other nuclear proteins that contributes to the survival of injured proliferating cells .
|
[
{
"name": "Poly ( ADP-ribosyl ) ation",
"pos": [
0,
26
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "DNA damage-dependent post-translational modification",
"pos": [
43,
95
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Histone",
"pos": [
99,
106
],
"type": "protein"
},
{
"name": "nuclear proteins",
"pos": [
117,
133
],
"type": "protein"
}
] |
During her time at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Zakian published or co-published around sixty articles in peer-reviewed journals like Nature ( journal ) , Cell ( journal ) , Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America and the Journal of Molecular Biology .
|
[
{
"name": "Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center",
"pos": [
23,
61
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "Zakian",
"pos": [
64,
70
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Nature",
"pos": [
150,
156
],
"type": "academic journal"
},
{
"name": "Cell",
"pos": [
171,
175
],
"type": "academic journal"
},
{
"name": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
"pos": [
190,
269
],
"type": "academic journal"
},
{
"name": "Journal of Molecular Biology",
"pos": [
278,
306
],
"type": "academic journal"
}
] |
Between 1855 and 1881 it had two parts , the first for the meridian of Greenwich contained data on the Sun , Moon , lunar distances , Venus , Mars , Jupiter , and Saturn , which was published separately as The American Nautical Almanac .
|
[
{
"name": "meridian of Greenwich",
"pos": [
59,
80
],
"type": "location"
},
{
"name": "Sun",
"pos": [
103,
106
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Moon",
"pos": [
109,
113
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "lunar distances",
"pos": [
116,
131
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Venus",
"pos": [
134,
139
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Mars",
"pos": [
142,
146
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Jupiter",
"pos": [
149,
156
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Saturn",
"pos": [
163,
169
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "American",
"pos": [
210,
218
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Nautical Almanac",
"pos": [
219,
235
],
"type": "else"
}
] |
DNA methyltransferase is recruited to DNA during its replication , or during DNA repair .
|
[
{
"name": "DNA methyltransferase",
"pos": [
0,
21
],
"type": "enzyme"
},
{
"name": "DNA",
"pos": [
38,
41
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "DNA repair",
"pos": [
77,
87
],
"type": "else"
}
] |
Primary structure of calponin consists of a conserved N-terminal Calponin homology domain , a conserved middle region containing two actin-binding sites , and a C-terminal variable region that contributes to the differences among there isoforms .
|
[
{
"name": "calponin",
"pos": [
21,
29
],
"type": "protein"
},
{
"name": "N-terminal Calponin homology domain",
"pos": [
54,
89
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "C-terminal variable region",
"pos": [
161,
187
],
"type": "else"
}
] |
Jeffreys received the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1937 , the Royal Society ' s Copley Medal in 1960 , and the Royal Statistical Society ' s Guy Medal in Gold in 1962 .
|
[
{
"name": "Jeffreys",
"pos": [
0,
8
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society",
"pos": [
22,
66
],
"type": "award"
},
{
"name": "Royal Society ' s Copley Medal",
"pos": [
81,
111
],
"type": "award"
},
{
"name": "Royal Statistical Society ' s Guy Medal in Gold",
"pos": [
130,
177
],
"type": "award"
}
] |
Lin is recognized for his contributions to stem cell research , especially for his discoveries of the Piwi / Argonaute ( AGO ) gene family and the Piwi-interacting RNA s ( piRNAs ) , and for proving the stem cell niche theory .
|
[
{
"name": "Lin",
"pos": [
0,
3
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "stem cell",
"pos": [
43,
52
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Piwi",
"pos": [
102,
106
],
"type": "protein"
},
{
"name": "Argonaute",
"pos": [
109,
118
],
"type": "protein"
},
{
"name": "AGO",
"pos": [
121,
124
],
"type": "protein"
},
{
"name": "Piwi-interacting RNA",
"pos": [
147,
167
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "piRNAs",
"pos": [
172,
178
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "stem cell niche theory",
"pos": [
203,
225
],
"type": "theory"
}
] |
It was discovered during the Palomar-Leiden Trojan survey on 26 March 1971 , by Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld and Cornelis van Houten at Leiden , and Tom Gehrels at Palomar Observatory in California .
|
[
{
"name": "Palomar-Leiden Trojan survey",
"pos": [
29,
57
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld",
"pos": [
80,
108
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Cornelis van Houten",
"pos": [
113,
132
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Leiden",
"pos": [
136,
142
],
"type": "location"
},
{
"name": "Tom Gehrels",
"pos": [
149,
160
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Palomar Observatory",
"pos": [
164,
183
],
"type": "location"
},
{
"name": "California",
"pos": [
187,
197
],
"type": "location"
}
] |
From 1916 to 1921 , he was a lecturer in the physics department of the Rajabazar Science College under University of Calcutta .
|
[
{
"name": "physics department of the Rajabazar Science College",
"pos": [
45,
96
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "University of Calcutta",
"pos": [
103,
125
],
"type": "university"
}
] |
Previously , americium was named after a continent as its analogue europium , and curium honored scientists Marie Curie and Pierre Curie as the lanthanide above it , gadolinium , was named after the explorer of the rare earth element s Johan Gadolin .
|
[
{
"name": "americium",
"pos": [
13,
22
],
"type": "chemical element"
},
{
"name": "europium",
"pos": [
67,
75
],
"type": "chemical element"
},
{
"name": "curium",
"pos": [
82,
88
],
"type": "chemical element"
},
{
"name": "Marie Curie",
"pos": [
108,
119
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Pierre Curie",
"pos": [
124,
136
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "gadolinium",
"pos": [
166,
176
],
"type": "chemical element"
},
{
"name": "Johan Gadolin",
"pos": [
236,
249
],
"type": "scientist"
}
] |
They found seven universally clustered pathways : glycolysis , aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis , ATP synthase , DNA polymerase , hexachlorocyclohexane degradation , cyanoamino acid metabolism , and photosynthesis ( Adenosine diphosphate synthesis in non plant species ) .
|
[
{
"name": "aminoacyl-tRNA",
"pos": [
63,
77
],
"type": "chemical compound"
},
{
"name": "ATP synthase",
"pos": [
93,
105
],
"type": "enzyme"
},
{
"name": "DNA polymerase",
"pos": [
108,
122
],
"type": "enzyme"
},
{
"name": "hexachlorocyclohexane",
"pos": [
125,
146
],
"type": "chemical compound"
},
{
"name": "cyanoamino acid",
"pos": [
161,
176
],
"type": "chemical compound"
},
{
"name": "photosynthesis",
"pos": [
194,
208
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Adenosine diphosphate",
"pos": [
211,
232
],
"type": "chemical compound"
}
] |
The Nicolaus Copernicus heliocentric theory of the Solar System had received confirmation by the observations of Galileo Galilei and Tycho Brahe and the mathematical investigations of Johannes Kepler and Isaac Newton .
|
[
{
"name": "Nicolaus Copernicus heliocentric theory",
"pos": [
4,
43
],
"type": "theory"
},
{
"name": "Solar System",
"pos": [
51,
63
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Galileo Galilei",
"pos": [
113,
128
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Tycho Brahe",
"pos": [
133,
144
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Johannes Kepler",
"pos": [
184,
199
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Isaac Newton",
"pos": [
204,
216
],
"type": "scientist"
}
] |
Other silencing mechanisms include the recruitment of specialized proteins that methylate DNA such that the core promoter element is inaccessible to transcription factor s and RNA polymerase .
|
[
{
"name": "silencing mechanisms",
"pos": [
6,
26
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "DNA",
"pos": [
90,
93
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "transcription factor",
"pos": [
149,
169
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "RNA polymerase",
"pos": [
176,
190
],
"type": "enzyme"
}
] |
He received his PhD in 1953 and began postdoctoral work at the University of London , Cambridge University , and the University of Amsterdam .
|
[
{
"name": "University of London",
"pos": [
63,
83
],
"type": "university"
},
{
"name": "Cambridge University",
"pos": [
86,
106
],
"type": "university"
},
{
"name": "University of Amsterdam",
"pos": [
117,
140
],
"type": "university"
}
] |
For example , H3K14 and H4K12 acetylation was found to be decreased , as well as general acetylation across histones H2B and Histone H3 .
|
[
{
"name": "H3K14",
"pos": [
14,
19
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "H4K12 acetylation",
"pos": [
24,
41
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "acetylation",
"pos": [
89,
100
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "histones H2B",
"pos": [
108,
120
],
"type": "protein"
},
{
"name": "Histone H3",
"pos": [
125,
135
],
"type": "protein"
}
] |
Histone deacetylase ( HDACs ) are a class of enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histones .
|
[
{
"name": "Histone deacetylase",
"pos": [
0,
19
],
"type": "enzyme"
},
{
"name": "HDACs",
"pos": [
22,
27
],
"type": "enzyme"
},
{
"name": "acetyl groups",
"pos": [
65,
78
],
"type": "chemical compound"
},
{
"name": "histones",
"pos": [
84,
92
],
"type": "protein"
}
] |
It is bounded in the north by the A30 road and runs from Retew and Treviscoe in the west to Redmoor and Penpillick in the east .
|
[
{
"name": "A30 road",
"pos": [
34,
42
],
"type": "location"
},
{
"name": "Retew",
"pos": [
57,
62
],
"type": "location"
},
{
"name": "Treviscoe",
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67,
76
],
"type": "location"
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{
"name": "Redmoor",
"pos": [
92,
99
],
"type": "location"
},
{
"name": "Penpillick",
"pos": [
104,
114
],
"type": "location"
}
] |
This increased DctA expression , they found , permitted Citsup + / sup cells to re-uptake Succinic acid , Malic acid , and Fumaric acid released into the medium by the CitT transporter during import of citrate .
|
[
{
"name": "DctA",
"pos": [
15,
19
],
"type": "protein"
},
{
"name": "Succinic acid",
"pos": [
90,
103
],
"type": "chemical compound"
},
{
"name": "Malic acid",
"pos": [
106,
116
],
"type": "chemical compound"
},
{
"name": "Fumaric acid",
"pos": [
123,
135
],
"type": "chemical compound"
},
{
"name": "CitT",
"pos": [
168,
172
],
"type": "protein"
},
{
"name": "citrate",
"pos": [
202,
209
],
"type": "chemical compound"
}
] |
The observatory made headlines briefly with the announcement on 10 December 1983 of the discovery of an unknown object at first described as possibly as large as the giant planet Jupiter and possibly so close to Earth that it would be part of this solar system .
|
[
{
"name": "Jupiter",
"pos": [
179,
186
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Earth",
"pos": [
212,
217
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "solar system",
"pos": [
248,
260
],
"type": "else"
}
] |
This discovery , which earned him the Copley Medal of the Royal Society in 1825 , was followed by another , that a rotating plate of copper tends to communicate its motion to a magnetic needle suspended over it , which he called magnetism of rotation Annales de chimie et de physique ( 1824 ) , vol .
|
[
{
"name": "Copley Medal of the Royal Society",
"pos": [
38,
71
],
"type": "award"
},
{
"name": "copper",
"pos": [
133,
139
],
"type": "chemical element"
},
{
"name": "magnetism of rotation",
"pos": [
229,
250
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Annales de chimie et de physique",
"pos": [
251,
283
],
"type": "academic journal"
}
] |
In the early days of his laboratory he discovered a new mechanism of microRNA processing independent of Dicer that requires the catalytic activity of Argonaute 2 , a type of Argonaute protein .
|
[
{
"name": "microRNA",
"pos": [
69,
77
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Dicer",
"pos": [
104,
109
],
"type": "enzyme"
},
{
"name": "Argonaute 2",
"pos": [
150,
161
],
"type": "protein"
},
{
"name": "Argonaute",
"pos": [
174,
183
],
"type": "protein"
}
] |
He was awarded the Copley Medal by the Royal Society in 1850 , and his Solar Tables , compiled with the assistance of Christian Olufsen , appeared in 1854 .
|
[
{
"name": "Copley Medal",
"pos": [
19,
31
],
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},
{
"name": "Royal Society",
"pos": [
39,
52
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "Solar Tables",
"pos": [
71,
83
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Christian Olufsen",
"pos": [
118,
135
],
"type": "scientist"
}
] |
The men 's + 100 kg judo event at the 2015 European Games in Baku took place on 27 June .
|
[
{
"name": "The men 's + 100 kg judo event",
"pos": [
0,
30
],
"type": "event"
},
{
"name": "2015 European Games",
"pos": [
38,
57
],
"type": "event"
},
{
"name": "Baku",
"pos": [
61,
65
],
"type": "location"
}
] |
One of the first significant contributions of Maheswari was the discovery of RNA polymerase activity in chloroplasts which he accomplished during his early stint at California Institute of Technology while working with Robert S. Bandurski and their researches revealed the presence of DNA in organelle .
|
[
{
"name": "Maheswari",
"pos": [
46,
55
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "RNA polymerase",
"pos": [
77,
91
],
"type": "enzyme"
},
{
"name": "chloroplasts",
"pos": [
104,
116
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "California Institute of Technology",
"pos": [
165,
199
],
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},
{
"name": "Robert S. Bandurski",
"pos": [
219,
238
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "DNA",
"pos": [
285,
288
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "organelle",
"pos": [
292,
301
],
"type": "else"
}
] |
In the 2002 film , this musical number is performed by Catherine Zeta-Jones ( as Velma Kelly ) , Susan Misner ( as Liz ) , Denise Faye ( as Annie ) , Deidre Goodwin ( as June ) , Ekaterina Shchelkanova ( as Katalin Helinszki nicknamed the Hunyak ) and Mýa ( as Mona ) .
|
[
{
"name": "Catherine Zeta-Jones",
"pos": [
55,
75
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Velma Kelly",
"pos": [
81,
92
],
"type": "person"
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{
"name": "Susan Misner",
"pos": [
97,
109
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Liz",
"pos": [
115,
118
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Denise Faye",
"pos": [
123,
134
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Annie",
"pos": [
140,
145
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Deidre Goodwin",
"pos": [
150,
164
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "June",
"pos": [
170,
174
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Ekaterina Shchelkanova",
"pos": [
179,
201
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Katalin Helinszki",
"pos": [
207,
224
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Hunyak",
"pos": [
239,
245
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Mýa",
"pos": [
252,
255
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Mona",
"pos": [
261,
265
],
"type": "person"
}
] |
It contains abundant speculation about technological invention , including descriptions of a worldwide telephone network , solar power , air travel , space travel to the planets Saturn and Jupiter , and terraforming engineering projects damming the Arctic Ocean , and adjusting the Earth 's ( Terra ) axial tilt ( by the Terrestrial Axis Straightening Company ) .
|
[
{
"name": "Saturn",
"pos": [
178,
184
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Jupiter",
"pos": [
189,
196
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Arctic Ocean",
"pos": [
249,
261
],
"type": "else"
},
{
"name": "Earth",
"pos": [
282,
287
],
"type": "astronomical object"
}
] |
Minimum distances from the Earth , Venus , and Jupiter , are 0.5 , 0.8 , and 3.5 AU , respectively .
|
[
{
"name": "Earth",
"pos": [
27,
32
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Venus",
"pos": [
35,
40
],
"type": "astronomical object"
},
{
"name": "Jupiter",
"pos": [
47,
54
],
"type": "astronomical object"
}
] |
He visited some European universities and institutions , including Cavendish Laboratory , Georg August University of Göttingen , and University of Copenhagen .
|
[
{
"name": "Cavendish Laboratory",
"pos": [
67,
87
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "Georg August University of Göttingen",
"pos": [
90,
126
],
"type": "university"
},
{
"name": "University of Copenhagen",
"pos": [
133,
157
],
"type": "university"
}
] |
One of these was in the category of Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Dramatic Program or Mini-Series for Beau Bridges ' leading role as Simon Kress , which also garnered nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series and the CableACE Award for Best Actor in a Dramatic Series .
|
[
{
"name": "Best Performance",
"pos": [
36,
52
],
"type": "award"
},
{
"name": "Simon Kress",
"pos": [
155,
166
],
"type": "person"
},
{
"name": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor",
"pos": [
209,
257
],
"type": "award"
},
{
"name": "CableACE Award for Best Actor",
"pos": [
284,
313
],
"type": "award"
}
] |
The Fall of Singapore in February 1942 led him to offer his services to John Madsen , the Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of Sydney , and the head of the Radiophysics Laboratory at the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research , which was responsible for developing radar .
|
[
{
"name": "Fall of Singapore",
"pos": [
4,
21
],
"type": "event"
},
{
"name": "John Madsen",
"pos": [
72,
83
],
"type": "scientist"
},
{
"name": "Electrical Engineering",
"pos": [
103,
125
],
"type": "discipline"
},
{
"name": "University of Sydney",
"pos": [
133,
153
],
"type": "university"
},
{
"name": "Radiophysics Laboratory",
"pos": [
176,
199
],
"type": "organization"
},
{
"name": "Council for Scientific and Industrial Research",
"pos": [
207,
253
],
"type": "organization"
}
] |
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