q_id stringlengths 6 6 | title stringlengths 3 299 | selftext stringlengths 0 4.44k | category stringclasses 9
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5mf2rw | Is it possible for a 5,8ft male to eat only 1200 calories per day, to lose weight, if he has no real muscles to begin with? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
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"While not exact, and assuming only minimal physical exercise, a person needs to eat roughly 11x their body weight in pounds to maintain their weight. For instance, the average male is 180lb (~82kg), which means they need 1980 calories to maintain their weight, which is ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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5mf68e | Why do some websites say it takes 72 hours to remove you from their mailing list? Why isn't it instantaneous? | Surprised that in 2017 it still takes so long to process a removal of an email, i always feel like they're buying some time to send you a few more promo emails | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3385j",
"dc331rp",
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"text": [
"It's mostly CYA. You are probably removed from the \"get new email\" list quickly, but they can't guarantee there isn't an already sent email sitting in a mail servers queue somewhere you haven't received yet. Easier to give you a few day b... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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5mf6gr | how is it that sometimes when we wake up from a dream we don't remember what happened but we remember that it was a scary, good, or weird dream? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3d8f4"
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"You brain has a part that tests reality. When you see something weird, like a man with three arms, it says, \"whoa, that's not right, better take a closer look.\" So you do, it turns out to be two people standing at a funny angle, and all is well. When you dream, the pa... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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5mf7ik | Why is it that some phone apps which use the camera have horrible focus and take crappy pictures compared to the stock camera app? | Edit: Wow! A big 'thank you' to all those who replied! | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dc33xax",
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"dc3ly62",
"dc3ajw2"
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"text": [
"Android? It's a popular topic that Snapchat on iOS produces much better images than on Android, and an answer I saw was because the Android version only screencaps your live-preview and actually doesn't use the camera to take... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mf7us | How did science prove sleep paralysis? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc337pl"
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"text": [
"By detecting the release of two specific chemicals (GABA and Glycine) and observing their interaction with the body. Edit: Grammar"
],
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6
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5mfhj7 | how come some people perspire much more than others? | Was at gym with a friend the other day, and we were both doing the same things and are both reasonably fit, it became apparent to me that my friend was sweating heaps and I was just sweating abit. I don't get it Edit: Thankyou for all your detailed responses! Has assisted me in understanding this topic | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3a0hj",
"dc3ogi7",
"dc401qh"
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"text": [
"Different people have different cardio vascular systems. He may also be more fit than you, yes you read that right, sweating a lot and quickly is a sign you are in good shape.",
"Sweating is a means to cool the body temperature. Your sk... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mfmvg | Why have I never heard of an animal fainting? Is it rarer for them to faint than humans or something similar? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc36xty"
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"text": [
"Animals can faint if their blood supply to the brain is disrupted, as it can occur in humans, such as by the heart not functioning properly. That being said, I'm not sure animal fainting would be especially noteworthy. The most newsworthy case, \"fainting goats\" and th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mfs66 | The proper use of commas. And other grammar that is used in everyday business language. | I now have a more professional job, talking to the CEO, CFO, CIO, and other upper management(,)or(;) where as my old job I only talked to people my age. I know my grammar is that of a child. I use commas when my brain needs a second to think, or when I think there should be a breathe taken. That is wrong. I know that. ... | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3d9bu"
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"text": [
"[Grammar Girl]( URL_0 ) is a good resource for learning grammar rules. In a professional setting, you'll probably need to use commas to separate items in a list (I think we'll need to get Janine in Accounting, Kevin in Legal, and TJ in HR involved in this), to join two ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mfsbf | Does true randomness exist? | Physics | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dc38hx9",
"dc38dsk"
],
"text": [
"Yes. To the best of our knowledge, quantum mechanical processes are truly random! Let's back up a little: The most common interpretation of Quantum Mechanics - the Copenhagen Interpretation - states, that the wave function of a system only collapses into ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mftqq | What happens when you go into a coma? Is it just a very long dream? | I've read where people have been in comas or knocked unconscious for a short period of time but have "lived" in a "dream" several years to a lifetime in a matter of just hours or days. What happens in that instance if it feels just as real as this reality. Could you be in a coma right now and not even know? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3g7r0"
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"text": [
"There are many levels of consciousness (or unconsciousness) from fully awake to daydreaming to no self-awareness. Depending on what is causing it, you can be alive, but brain function is minimal and you feel and know nothing. People rarely recover from this state. A med... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mfx1d | What's the difference between LFTR reactors and traditional nuclear reactors? And if they're safer, why aren't we using them instead? | Physics | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dc3c4nl",
"dc39kul"
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"text": [
"LFTR is a generation 4 molten salt type breeer reactor where the nuclear fuel and coolant are all melted together. It doesn't need large containments or high pressure reactor vessels. But it does have huge corrosion problems that still aren't solved yet a... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mfz10 | With the current way the earth orbits the sun, are the hottest seasons for the equator spring and fall? | Since the earth is tilted while orbiting wouldn't the sun more directly hit the equator when it is spring or fall everywhere else? | Physics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc39tqa"
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"text": [
"URL_0 > Near the Equator there is little distinction between summer, winter, autumn, or spring. The temperatures are usually high year-round—with the exception of high mountains in South America and in Africa. (See Andes and Mount Kilimanjaro.) The temperature at the Eq... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mg1h8 | Why is there a notable distinction in taste between food that is hot and cold? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3b6hv"
],
"text": [
"Not quite like you're 5 but.... All foods we eat have fats and oils right? Well heat can make food break down making it easier for our taste buds to recognize certain flavors and aromas. As with anything cold, it tends to dull our senses. When your taste buds get cold, ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mgio9 | What goes on with blacklights that fudge up the visuals when in them, like glow-in-the-dark mini-golf? | I know how light usually works, certain things absorbing certain wavelengths, and the leftovers reach our eyes. What in the world is different about blacklight? | Physics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3m4i1",
"dc3fje1"
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"text": [
"What you are seeing is fluorescence or phosphorescence. This happens when certain materials absorb light of one color and emit light at a different color (this is *not* the same as reflection). All colors of light correspond to different amounts of energy... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mgk15 | Why is it that teeth come in symmetrical pairs but aren't all the same shape? | Why is it that one tooth from the left side of the top row will have an exact same copy on the other side of the top row, but all teeth aren't similar in shape? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3gezc",
"dc3fya6"
],
"text": [
"Most things in our body are symmetic, on a cellular level this is because very early in embryogenesis a front and a posterior(\"back\") are defined and along this axis initiated by different concentrations of signal molecules, symmetrical expression patte... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mgod8 | What is the difference between the US Senate and House of Representatives? | I read some Wikipedia articles about this, but I can't really get my hands on the difference. What is the practical difference between the use of the two? Why can't one of them be enough? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3ga59"
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"text": [
"A Congressman in the House represents the interests of individual districts where you live. A Senator in the Senate represents the interests of the state at large. The reason we have two chambers is because the Framers were concerned with balancing out the power between... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mgqe1 | Now that we're seeing 10 gigabit USB and even faster Thunderbolt on laptops, how come we dont have any laptops with 10 gigabit ethernet? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3gko7"
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"text": [
"From what I've seen on some Linus videos, many servers use 10GBit but the cost is so high that most consumers can't really justify the premium cost."
],
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6
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5mgr6y | How do computers restart? | How can a computer run code when it is turned off? Are they still on to some degree? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3h1cm"
],
"text": [
"Many computers do momentarily power off when restarting. However the capacitors on the motherboard have not been lacking power for long enough to completely discharge their power and so can still hold some things in memory. Sort of like when you unplug a power adapter f... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mgt71 | How does schizophrenia develop and what exactly does it do to the brain? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3szc1",
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"dc4d617"
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"text": [
"Like all mental illnesses, schizophrenia is most likely caused by a combination of genetic, biological, social, and environmental vulnerabilities. Something to keep in mind is that effects, like changes in neurotransmitters, may come about ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mgysi | How does the cord of my earphones get all tangled up in several impossible knots? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3l349"
],
"text": [
"Entropy man. It takes more energy to keep something \"clean\" or \"arranged\" than it does to let it go to chaos and become a mess. Put a bunch of strings in a box and shake it. Things will get tangled up quickly, and take more time/energy from you to untie/unknot the i... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mgz4c | What is the USPS's relationship to the federal government? | In terms of funding and support, how does the USPS differ from say the army or NASA or the Park's Department? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3jjdu"
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"text": [
"USPS is an \"independent establishment of the executive branch.\" It functions more like a corporation whose assets are public and whose services and pricing decisions are controlled by the federal government than a traditional government agency. It still is considered ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mh06m | In movie/tv scenes where "animals were not harmed", how do they show the animals being harmed when not using cgi ? | Again, talking about films/scenes where cg wasn't used. Be it because of the time or budget. | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3ivxo",
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"text": [
"The animal can play dead. I did a movie and the animal had to act like it was being killed, while fake guts and stuff were put on top of it. It was eaten by a zombie, btw. So. The animal doesn't actually get hurt. It acts...just like an actor.",
"Pret... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mh1k0 | How do Internet Routers transmit data from a PC through their device and then to the internet? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3jul1"
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"text": [
"First, the program using the data takes data and chops it up into reasonable chunks called packets. Each packet has an IP address and port number where it is destined to, in addition to the data. It's kind of like the address on an envelope. It gives this packet to the ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mh3na | why is it in northern states (US) it can snow several feet and daily life doesn't change, but in southern states ~1 inch of snow can shut everything down? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3jq3g",
"dc3jnp9"
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"text": [
"Infrastructure in place to deal with it, both people's stuff and city wide. If you live in an area that regularly gets snow, you have snowblowers. You have shovels. You have winter tires, and they're already on the car. The city has huge salt reserves, pl... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mh8ch | Why do some people feel slow and negative in the mornings while others are energetic and positive? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3lst1"
],
"text": [
"Sometimes it is as simple as which sleep cycle you woke up from or plain ol' lack of sleep. I just hate mornings. I like to stay up late and sleep a little late. Even if I go to bed early, I wake up feeling all \"bleh\"."
],
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... | [
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5mhc0w | Why does the login page for Google or Microsoft accounts separate the username and password fields into different screens? | Say you're trying to login to Facebook or Twitter, the username and password fields are both on the same screen. However, with microsoft ( URL_0 ) or google you enter your email first, click Next and then you enter the password. Why can't the password field be on the same page as the email? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"I don't know why Microsoft does it, but when Google switched they specifically stated their reasoning. They want to make it possible in the future to support alternatives to passwords. For example, you put in your email and Google asks you ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mhh86 | how are cured meats made? What makes them edible? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3r8vb",
"dc3v1e6"
],
"text": [
"Curing is a process that involves using salt(normally) to kill organisms living in or on the meat. Smoking technically counts as a cure, I believe, because compounds in wood smoke are hostile to microorganisms as well. The basic idea is that by inundating... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mhij8 | Can everyone theoretically have the same standard of living as people in first world countries? | Would it be possible for everyone in third world countries to not have to worry about food & safety? Or is it only possible for people to own single family homes with back yards and multiple cars because other people have less? | Economics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3puhk",
"dc3sqr5"
],
"text": [
"Yes is theoretically possible. Build safe nuclear plants and renewable energy supplies. Convert everyone to electric powered cars. Stop building war machines. Disband all armies. Put them to work building infrastructure. It will not happen.",
"Sure, m... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mhiq1 | Why are southern Californian counties so large compared to northern Californian counties? | URL_0 If you look at the map, you can see that the counties containing dense cities in the south (LA and SD) are quite large, while counties containing large cities in the north (the entire Bay Area) are all very small. Why aren't the southern counties broken up into smaller counties? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3olmz"
],
"text": [
"California originally had 27 counties. New counties were formed out of old ones as populations rose in the years after statehood. With most of Southern California being desert, there weren't many people there to support forming new counties out of the original large cou... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mhqq9 | Why is California such a magnet for people? | Since the 1850s, California has been a magnet for people. 1850s: Gold Rush Dust Bowl: Okies, Arkies move to CA (See "The Grapes of Wrath") Mid to Late 1900s: Hollywood Modern: Silicon Valley. To my knowledge, no other state has such a long running legend of being "where dreams are made" so to speak, and attracting so m... | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3rsch",
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"text": [
"For one thing, it is pretty big. If there was a gold rush in South Dakota followed by a mass migration to Minnesota, we wouldn't be talking about one place being a magnet. But mostly it is a lot of little things: * the weather is nice * it is on the coast... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mhvxs | What are "out-of-body" experiences, and how do they work? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3y3ma"
],
"text": [
"This is one of many fascinating illusions that the human mind is capable of creating. While there is no separate \"you\" that moves outside your body and then returns later, in your mind you get the impression that this has happened. Thus it is similar to a dream or hal... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mi93r | How do autopsies work? | In TV, movies, and videogames forensic scientists just look at a computer screen, or a corpse and they just kinda *know* how the victim died. How is an autopsy performed and is it as simple as in media? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3tym1"
],
"text": [
"Autopsies can be very lengthy and detailed operations. Even a case which seems cut-and-dry may have additional facets. For example, someone was found washed up on the shore, but was their death by drowning? The lungs may be examined to see if water was inhaled, the brai... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mif97 | Why is war not a war crime? Where do you draw the line? Torture? Mustard gas? Why not killing? Nukes? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3w9np",
"dc3uomu",
"dc435ak",
"dc3ur4n",
"dc41san"
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"text": [
"In theory, war itself is a diplomatic state between two nations, where in those two nations will use their respective militaries to sort out what ever disagreement brought on the state of war. War crimes are, i... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mih61 | When there's a salmonella outbreak, how is it determined which single product is responsible? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3vy68",
"dc3xxyu"
],
"text": [
"It usually takes a number of people getting fairly ill and reporting to emergency rooms or urgent care centers in a relatively short amount of time. There are a number of metrics used, but usually several people report illness within a short distance of e... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5milzu | Where did the thought of mice loving cheese come from? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3vy5w",
"dc3vx82"
],
"text": [
"A mouse will eat almost anything it can find and fit into its mouth, and although cheese isn't among its favorite foods it will eat it up if that's all there is. And that's probably how this myth of mice loving cheese got started. They were constantly bei... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mimxr | why when you put a wooden spoon across a pot does the water not boil over? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3x7bs",
"dc3ysym",
"dc3z8ld"
],
"text": [
"Any bubble that touches the spoon pops because it is so rough. That leaves a gap that the other bubbles fall into. Since no bubble can go higher than the spoon, the pot doesn't overflow.",
"It does, it's a myth. What it does do is pop t... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5miq9x | How can we recycle urine and get it back to clean drinking water? | Chemistry | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc40xd4"
],
"text": [
"Reverse osmosis is one way and I believe that I what they use on the ISS where they have to recycle all their water. I'd do more reading into how they recover water in space stations."
],
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3
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5mirkg | Why do most current-gen games on consoles require you to wait until it's fully installed, while last-gen games could be played immediately? | XCOM 2, Fallout 4 and Dishonored 2 just name a few games where you can't play it, at least not the entirety of the game, until it's been completely installed from the disc. Whereas on the Xbox 360 I could pop in a game I'd never played before and the whole thing would be accessible. Why is this? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3y6z0",
"dc42nwq"
],
"text": [
"At a guess I would say that new games are bigger then a disc can hold, my battlefield 1 digital game was 43 GB (rip my data cap :( ). Im willing to bet that if everything has to be read off the discs the load screens would be all over the place and, with ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mispi | How does terminal Velocity work? | Edit: thanks for the answers guys, I understand what terminal velocity is!! you guys rock! | Physics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc3xghc",
"dc3xabz"
],
"text": [
"There's a thing called gravity that pulls things towards each other. When you fall from really high up, the earth is pulling you towards it (you're also pulling the earth but since it's *way* bigger you don't really move it, it can move you though). Now, ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5miwzp | Dentists, HOW do you manage to pull out my molar without leaving a gaping hole to heal in its place? | Getting 4 molars removed one by one. One was removed yesterday. My mouth feels slightly different on that side, which is to be expected, but I expected there to be a recession where the molar formerly was. I thought it would take a while to heal and cover up, but while I haven't been able to look at it using a mirror, ... | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc40fxh"
],
"text": [
"there is a gaping hole. Just had one out myself. Takes a long time to heal over and you need to take care not to have the blood clot come loose or you'll get dry-socket. it's exposed bone with a blood clot. Eventually will heal over and be just the ridge you're describi... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mj5nz | why do speeds given to me by speed tests never actually accurately represent my internet speed? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc401o7"
],
"text": [
"Lots of people confuse internet speed (measured in megabits) with file transfer speed (measured in megabytes). One megabyte is eight megabits."
],
"score": [
7
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5mjbbf | How do we connect a prosthetic limb so that it can "feel"? | And on top of that, how can we connect the brain to the limb allowing for our brain to control said limb? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc42qz7"
],
"text": [
"We don't need to. If the brain interprets that limb as our own, it will go on to fabricate sensations based on other sensory input. [Watch this]( URL_0 ). > And on top of that, how can we connect the brain to the limb allowing for our brain to control said limb? Cyberne... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mjf2z | How does standard deviation work | So I know standard deviation is how far you are from the mean value. But does someone have an intuitive answer to why standard deviation formula gives me that result? | Mathematics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc43z0f"
],
"text": [
"The standard deviation is, roughly speaking, the average distance from the mean of each of your data points. However, your data can be greater than or less than the mean, so you can't just directly take the average of all those distances. Instead, we square all of those... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mjg5k | Why does hot water freeze faster than cold water? | Physics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc41nj2"
],
"text": [
"We don't know. We don't even know under which circumstances it happens. All in all, the [Mpemba effect]( URL_0 ) is a very hazy subject. Possible explanations for the [Mpemba effect]( URL_0 ) include: * Evaporation: The evaporation of the warmer water reduces the mass o... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mjjzz | why we don't have a world wide credibility rating for every public figure/platform ? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc42eyc",
"dc43fo7"
],
"text": [
"Because there is no objective basis for comparison. You can't get two people to agree on almost anything; your raters will have to become the ultimate arbitrators of what is true or not. It will be a shitstorm. The \"post-truth world\" is not a new thing;... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mjnlo | Why do hot steam (from hot springs/hot shower) feel suffocating even though water is made of hydrogen and oxygen molecules? | Chemistry | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc442dv"
],
"text": [
"Oxygen is present in water, but our lungs do not have the capability to separate the water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen. Jello is mostly water but you can't exactly drink it after it has set."
],
"score": [
4
],
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[]
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5mjo6l | What are crazy long math equations used for, and what do they solve? | Mathematics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc435ej",
"dc43lgn",
"dc4afiv",
"dc48tbn",
"dc4bgd1"
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"text": [
"Not everything that is worth doing can be described simply. For example, suppose you want to do something simple, like come up with a mathematical model to figure out how much snow will be on a road a few hours... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mjo83 | why do some shots get injected into the vein while others are put into muscles? | I know that vaccines and living organisms are shot into muscles but chemicals and other fluids are put directly into veins. What is the difference in where the injection occurs? Why is that important? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc439is",
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"text": [
"Muscles have lots of blood vessels and the medication can get to work pretty quickly, so they're a good place to inject. Veins work even faster but they are harder to inject but because of that speed there is a higher risk of accidental overdose or side e... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mjsp4 | if multiplying by Zero returns Zero, why does division by Zero return 'undefined'? | Mathematics | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dc45rvt",
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"text": [
"Let's use a 1-pound chocolate bar. Multiplication: if you have a 4 count of 1-pound chocolate bars, you have 4 pounds of chocolate. If you have no 1-pound chocolate bars, you have 0 pounds of cho... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mjtzl | Why do cities offer free internet? What's the catch? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dc4ealq",
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"text": [
"The 'catch' is getting more people into the areas with net. Those areas will have all kinds of things that mean more taxes going to the city, like business revenue or land ownership.",
"City-wide internet usually either m... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mjvap | Why does everyone hate Breitbart news? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dc44xht",
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"dc452wf",
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"text": [
"Because they have a long track record of misrepresenting the truth and frequently spreading baseless (right-wing) conspiracy theories (climate change is a hoax, Obamas' birther stuff, gamergate, pizzagate), knowingly using fa... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mjxu6 | Why are even numbered houses on one side of the road and odd on the other? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc46wxs"
],
"text": [
"Where I live, Odd and Even correspond to cardinal directions. North sides of streets are odd, even is south; West sides of avenues are odd, even is east. Addresses are based on distance from the American border to the south and from the ocean to the west. It's really ea... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mjzu2 | What exactly happened to make Julian Assange and Wikileaks go from loved to hated? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
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5mk4nc | How did humans get to North America if life started in Africa and there were no boats back then? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dc464pm"
],
"text": [
"They walked. You can ask from Africa into India, Asia and Europe. Back then there was a land bridge between Europe and North America at the Bering Straits. They walked over that and walked south. More interesting in the migration of humans to Australia 40K years ago. Al... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mk574 | how do touch screens work that they can be manipulated by my hand, but not accidentally by my sleeve? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc45y9k",
"dc47dmw"
],
"text": [
"They are capacitive touchscreens. They rely on human skin or a special conductor to sense where you pressed, instead of just registering a press like older touchscreens. URL_0",
"Small layer of fraction hair thin wires are Layn across your screen. The... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mk7fa | What does the mandelbrot set have to do with chaos theory? | Mathematics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc49yfm"
],
"text": [
"In chaos theory, there's this concept known as bifurcation, which is when the behaviour of a system changes drastically as a parameter of the system crosses a certain threshold. The particular bifurcation that's relevant is this situation is the bifurcation of the logis... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mk9c3 | When you hear of political protests around the world why is it so often "student protesters" who are involved? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc46skx",
"dc4bm2m",
"dc46m14"
],
"text": [
"Students and young people are often more idealistic and more likely to believe they can effect real change, while older people tend to be more pessimistic and resigned to things being hopeless or impossible to change. You can put this partl... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mkafi | What is the logic behind the terms "Low Skill Floor" and "High Skill Floor"? | I understand high skill ceiling: The higher the ceiling, the more you can grow. So if a videogame character has a high skill ceiling, you can put a LOT of skill in learning the character and keep getting better at it. But I don't understand the logic behind skill floors. I would say the floor is as low as you can go. S... | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc46rd4",
"dc46v8w"
],
"text": [
"The minimum amount of effort/skill needed to play a character/role. If a character/role has a high skill floor, they're pretty hard to play at even a basic level. For example in Dota2 there's a hero called Meepo. To play Meepo you have to control 5 differ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mkash | If I have a source of light like a flashlight in a dark room, how can I see things that, when the light beam bounces off them, it doesn't reach my eyes? | For example, if I'm holding a flashlight in an otherwise dark room, which I'm pointing at a wall at an angle, how can I see the wall? | Physics | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dc4731c",
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"text": [
"imagine that you are in a room in witch the floor is all covered in rocks. random rocks of all sizes and shapes. if you vertically drop a tennis ball it will not bounce vertically because the floor wasn't smooth. on the micro scale the wall, too, isn't sm... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mkek8 | Why cant we go beyond Planck units? | Physics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc49pq3",
"dc49cax"
],
"text": [
"Well, assuming the Planck units are what we think they are, it's just the way the universe works. They're what we call natural units, because they are derived from natural constants and not human-centered stuff (for example, meters originally come from th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mkhth | How the "helicopter effect" happens in a car when you have a window open. | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
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"text": [
"It is called [Helmholtz Resonance]( URL_1 ). This is basically where there ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mklkd | Why does hot chocolate have a drinkability window of about 20 seconds; whereas, it seems like coffee stays the perfect temperature for much much longer? | Chemistry | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4a9mu"
],
"text": [
"Are you taking into account the environment? The temperature of hot water will drop much quicker when the air is cold/dry than it will when the air is warm/humid. If you only drink hot chocolate when it's cold out, but drink coffee at other times you may be introducing ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mkriw | Why do you feel both warm and cold when having the common cold? | Hello I'm on my forth day with the common cold and this always happens to me! Especially during the night my body is usually very warm, although at the same time i feel like i'm actually freezing. Why does this happen? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4ay6h"
],
"text": [
"The Body raises its' temperature as this kills/slows the infection. Human cells can tolerate the slight increase so only the infection is targeted. You feel cold for two reasons: One is your body itself making you feel cold, this makes you shiver to heat up(and also see... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5ml008 | Why is there so much USA currency (quarters/nickels/dimes) circulating in Canada and can it be exchanged at a bank for Canadian change with the exchange rate? Why or why not? | Economics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4bxc2",
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],
"text": [
"There's a fair amount of Canadian currency circulating in the US as well. For the most part, small change is inter-changeable between the two nations and there no exchange rate applied when making a purchase. But if you insist, yes, you can... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5ml4k1 | How can carshows like roadkill build vehicles with literally no exhausts while at the same time brands like Volkswagen are being sued over air pollution because of their cars? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4dzea",
"dc4e1n4"
],
"text": [
"Volkswagen isn't being sued over the pollution that the cars are putting out, they're being sued because they altered their emissions standards testing to report that the vehicles they produce are more efficient and create fewer carbon emissions. It's a c... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5ml66f | Why and how does a panic attack occur? Is it describable by words? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4fpav",
"dc4haxe",
"dc4o6cm"
],
"text": [
"Basically it's your 'fight or flight' mode going into overdrive. The psychology is a bit more complicated, but essentially because of a mental condition such as a phobia or panic disorder, your brain decides that there is an immediate and v... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mlblr | Why do people get red cheeks when something embarrassing happens? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4evnr"
],
"text": [
"Red cheeks is an outward display of embarrassment. There are all sorts of examples of involuntarily facial expressions that are tied to specific emotions (think crying for sadness, downward eyebrows for anger, smile for happiness). These expressions signal our emotional... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mlh95 | Why do some animals eyes reflect light, but humans eyes don't? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4hsin",
"dc4oo2c"
],
"text": [
"The reason for this is the tapetum lucidum, a reflecting layer in the retina of those animals. It improves their night vision.",
"Roughly speaking, how well you see is linked to how many light photons reach the sensors in your eyes. When it is dark th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mljeh | Why are there certain sounds men and women make sexually that aren't made in any other situation? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4g6qi"
],
"text": [
"You've never listened to women playing tennis or men struggling to lift something? Most sexual grunting and moaning is a result of strenuous exercise and tension, plus the sounds of pleasurable release (which people can often make in nonsexual situations as well)."
],... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mllc2 | How is a piece of software like "Scan/Check Disk" able to fix a piece of hardware being your "Hard Drive"? What is going on behind the scenes here and why can't the OS just fix these errors on-the-fly? | So my UPS just crashed and thus my Win10 desktop PC turned off midway without properly shutting down. After restarting, windows was unable to load properly and I had to restart again using check/scan disk before the OS loaded. It ran the scan and fixed whatever problems were there and touch wood all is well again. But ... | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4g5um",
"dc4h3cc"
],
"text": [
"Check/scan disk is not fixing hardware. It's fixing bad data on the hard drive. The OS was in the middle of writing data when it lost power, and that put the data on the disk in a bad state that makes the OS unable to boot normally. Check/Scan disk is one... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mlrcc | Why are eggs in the US refrigerated in grocery stores, but in other places (for example, Panama) eggs are simply on a room-temp shelf? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4hhom",
"dc4nn2y"
],
"text": [
"Eggs in the US are washed of a natural protective coating. Reason being it contains trace amounts of fecal matter. This lowers the risk of infection from accidental handling, but means the eggs themselves ar emore likely to go bad if left un-refrigerated.... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mlv5d | what happens if you leave the microwave door open and it's turned on? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4ikd2"
],
"text": [
"Microwaves are electromagnetic radiation with fairly large wavelength. If you take away the spinning mechanism and put in something like a block of cheese, you'll pretty reliably be able to see that the heat will most be applied in certain sections. If you measure the d... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mm34r | Why are movies so quiet during normal dialogue, yet so loud during music score or action scenes? | Constantly changing the volume is annoying. It seems pretty much all movies made in the last twenty years or so is like this. | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4lij5",
"dc4l0fc"
],
"text": [
"The movie sound recording is mixed for use in theaters, which have different standards for audio levels, having a large dynamic range. Its an artistic choice of sorts, to give impact to loud sounds like explosions, gun shots etc. They could of course rema... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mm4rz | Why does ice melt when we sprinkle salt on it? | Chemistry | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4lhfh"
],
"text": [
"Pure, distilled water when frozen melts at 32 degrees F/0 degrees C. By introducing impurities, such as salt, into the ice the bonds between the ice molecules become weaker, lowering the temperature that it will melt at. A lower melting point means that the ice will mel... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mm6jr | Why are serif fonts "easier to read in long paragraphs of text?" | I read somewhere that they are supposedly easier to read in lengthy text than sans serif. Is there a reason for this? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4kwp8"
],
"text": [
"There's actually no conclusive study on this that shows that serif fonts are genuinely easier to read than san serif fonts. The idea is that the extra markings make a letter more immediately distinguishable from another letter. By having more angles on a letter, there i... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mmf0q | If alcohol and marijuana are both believed to increase the dopamine in your brain, why do they produce different highs? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4wlyq"
],
"text": [
"The simplest answer is, they increase dopamine in different areas of the brain. If you divided your brain into 4 zones (1-4, and analyze only dopamine/serotonin) in zone 1 an increase in dopamine may cause excitable neurons which makes you happier whereas serotonin inhi... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mmm7v | Why do tears come out of your eyes when you yawn? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4pt3v"
],
"text": [
"Tears come out of your eyes because when you yawn you're flexing the muscles near your tear ducts. You're essentially squeezing the tears out. Nobody's sure why exactly that happens, but some have suggested it's because your eyes tend to get dry when you're tired. Yawni... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mmnko | How does far infrared radiation help humans heal/recover? | So I have come across all of this information on far infrared radiation and how it is used in clothing, athletic braces, etc. to promote healing from injuries, recovery from workouts, etc. I even found this NIH study on the subject: URL_0 But can someone please eli5 how this works? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4qzcv"
],
"text": [
"Outside of heating therapies (same as a heating pad), it sounds very bunk, and the vast majority of the studies in that review are shit. To the point where I'm surprised they passed peer review."
],
"score": [
3
],
"text_urls": [
[]
]
} | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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5mmnr2 | What's the "phantom" feeling we experience when we take a ring or bracelet we've been wearing for a long time off? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4xrf5"
],
"text": [
"I think it is almost a negative image of the ring or the bracelet. When you wear a ring or bracelet, the nerve endings beneath the skin are constantly being stimulated by the jewelry, so they grow desensitized to avoid overstimulating your brain. This means that after r... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mmozr | Why do most international fast food chains offer some menu items that are exclusive to one region/country, and are not available at all participating locations worldwide? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4pei4"
],
"text": [
"They tailor the tastes to the local market so they'll sell more, but there might not be much call for these items in other markets. For example, Big Macs are pretty popular world wide, but in India, not many people eat beef. Instead, McDonalds has the Maharaja Mac, whic... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mn1bl | How does a game like Call of Duty have practically no online delay at all while when playing a game like NBA 2K17, multiplayer modes experience about a full second of delay between when the button is pressed and when the game responds? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4teq1"
],
"text": [
"Err. I haven't noticed this to happen in any online game so thought I'd start with that. Video games online don't use much bandwidth so getting a faster connection doesn't really impact them that much. (Unless it comes with better latency) Games are mostly impacted by l... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mn849 | Why are all our emotions stronger at night than during the day? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4uyta",
"dc4tooy",
"dc4uub8",
"dc4xgqp"
],
"text": [
"I thought this was just a personal thing. I chalked it up to being non-stop occupied from the minute I wake up till dinner is finished and cleaned. Then alone with my thoughts. Thoughts lead to the emotions. Also tiredness/fa... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mn95m | In images of the human body, there are veins that appear to branch off of arteries and other veins that appear to just end. Where does the blood go? | These veins I'm referring to look like tree roots and seem to not be connected to anything. Is there blood flow there? Where does any fluid go/come from if it's just a dead end? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4tq4x"
],
"text": [
"If I remember correctly that is where they attach to the muscles to transfer oxygen and haul away waste."
],
"score": [
5
],
"text_urls": [
[]
]
} | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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5mnar8 | Microwaves | The kitchen appliance | Physics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4tmh6"
],
"text": [
"Microwaves are photons, like light. They are much longer (lower frequency) than light, about a 1cm wavelength. [This nice graphic]( URL_0 ) shows the whole spectrum."
],
"score": [
3
],
"text_urls": [
[
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commo... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
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5mndcr | How does Chemotherapy work? | I mean how does it properly target cancerous cells but doesn't kill the rest of your cells. | Chemistry | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4uib7",
"dc51ju0",
"dc4w45q"
],
"text": [
"Chemo drugs are actually just poison. It inhibits cell reproduction so it kills cells that are reproducing. The hope is that because cancer is just a set of rapidly reproducing cells, it will kill the cancer faster than the rest of your bod... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mngmf | Why do people stop using 5 point harness safety belts in cars once they're older? | Physics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4uwdp",
"dc4v0o2"
],
"text": [
"1. Studies show that many people won't put on their seat belt *at all* if it's too much work. 2. These harnesses make it hard to do tasks inside the car that involve reaching.",
"Nylon loses strength as it ages from being exposed to uv light. The cert... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mnlpq | How can cheese age so long and be edible, but then go bad after a little bit in the fridge? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc4wdqh",
"dc4wdy2"
],
"text": [
"Cheese ages with controlled temperature & humidity. It is often allowed to grow a rind or sealed in wax that keeps bad stuff out. When you cut it into blocks in your fridge, you lose the protective layer & humidity controls, exposing the cheese to microor... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mnozt | How do meteorologists estimate the inches of expected snowfall in a given area? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc5jxi6"
],
"text": [
"This is my first ELI5 answer, so I hope I'm ELI5'ing enough... For simplicity's sake, let's assume the entire depth of the atmosphere is below freezing, so all precipitation will fall as snow and accumulate. The amount of precipitation that falls from a given storm is i... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mnprp | Why can phones make such a loud noise for an amber alert? Why can't they normally go this loud? | Technology | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dc4zjhv",
"dc4xttn",
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"dc4zm8c",
"dc5cilv",
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"dc5j5lr",
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],
"text": [
"What you may be refering to is the Pitch Tone of the message. High pitch notfication sounds are going to sound higher than lower pitch ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mnx11 | why is gold so much more valuable than silver? | Is it simply just color? Or is gold that much more useful then silver? | Economics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc50iyf"
],
"text": [
"Gold is much rarer, resists corrosion almost indefinitely, and (recently) is used in a lot of high-end electronics. Silver is more common and eventually tarnishes, so it was considered inferior for ornamental uses back in the day."
],
"score": [
22
],
"text_... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mnx2b | How does a digital timetable display know how far away a train is? | I commute via train for work; for the operator on the line, once a service is under 10 minutes out from a station, the automated display on the platform will change from simply stating, for example, 0822 in the "expected" section, to "9 mins", and updates every minute after that until the train arrives. I have noticed ... | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc52bsm"
],
"text": [
"This might depend on the city/country, but in Germany works like this: There is a antenna in the front of the tram or bus (which you might be able to see) which sends a signal on a specific wavelength which includes the tram/bus number (the number of the vehicle, not th... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mo6db | Why do some foods taste better when reheated than they do when fresh from the oven? (like Lasagne) | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc52c9g"
],
"text": [
"lasagna (like many foods) have a lot of seasoning (the tomato sauce especially). the longer the food sits, the longer the seasoning marinates. thus, more flavor"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text_urls": [
[]
]
} | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5moayr | Socialism | Economics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc53qc5",
"dc53x3b",
"dc54go8"
],
"text": [
"Everyone here is wrong (except Mjolnir2000). Socialism doesn't mean state ownership. Communism doesn't mean totalitarianism where no one owns anything. Capitalism doesn't mean free-market economics. Socialism is when workers democratically ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mocgq | Why do distant lights appear to "shimmer"? | I'm looking out of the window and not at my phone for once (surprising) and notice that the distant lights appear to shimmer. What causes this, assuming no obstructions? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc52rlh"
],
"text": [
"The air bends light very slightly, and in a somewhat random direction. These tiny changing perturbations cause lights to twinkle and shimmer. It is why the stars twinkle!"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text_urls": [
[]
]
} | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mojes | How do TV advertisements earn so much money when it seems like no one pays attention to them? | Commercials can cost millions but I feel like no one changes their buying habits based on TV ads. Don't most viewers either change the channel or ignore it altogether? I can't remember one time I watched TV with a group and anyone actually purchased anything different based off a commercial or ad | Economics | explainlikeimfive | {
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"dc5majf",
"dc5irdo",
"dc5me2p",
"dc61kex"
],
"text": [
"Most TV commerc... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5moo37 | What's going on in Mexico right now with the raising of gas prices and other amenities? Why are people looting stores and pissed off? | Economics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc57l1r",
"dc5bso1"
],
"text": [
"Well basically Pemex raised the rate to rougly 16 pesos per litre. That's roughly $1.30 Canadian. But the minimum wage remains around 80 pesos/day. So people are looting in rebellion, but also to get the stuff they need. But there's been some speculation ... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5mosgo | Why do the drawstrings on sweaters and hoodies always try to come out of the hoods when they are run through a washer and dryer? | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc5906i"
],
"text": [
"My guess is that one of the drawstring ends can easily get snagged by other garments or other parts of the hoodie, then as the washer or dryer turns the clothes are tossled and the string is pulled. Imagine the drawstring end getting sandwiched in some jeans then as the... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] | |
5moxi4 | How does the Magic Eraser work? | I'm starting to believe it really is magic. | Other | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc58b1q"
],
"text": [
"It's just a super-fine abrasive, and acts the same as a super-fine-grit sandpaper. There's really nothing magic going on there. In fact, the material itself is something called [melamine foam]( URL_0 ), and you can buy generic versions of it on Amazon crazy cheap (like,... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mp0kp | Why are we less cognitive when aroused | Ive noticed that decisions are different and harder to make when we are aroused, rather than normal. Why is that? | Biology | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc5anra",
"dc5cug6"
],
"text": [
"Sexual arousal is a very base part of the human body, one we share with most animals. When we are aroused, arousal starts to interfere with higher brain functions as, being a base trait, it is strong and simple. Orgasm is even more interesting, with males... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
5mp9n4 | Why can you hear the voices in the apartment above you so easily, but not the voices in the apartment below you? | Physics | explainlikeimfive | {
"a_id": [
"dc5dydm"
],
"text": [
"Because sound travels through the solid medium ( the floor slab). On the floor above, people are directly in contact with the surface; while on the floor below, you're only depending on the noise traveling through air and noise traveling in air is divided into reflected... | [
"url"
] | [
"url"
] |
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