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65ea3359-3c0f-43cf-9281-5fc2399b8a60 | District Maternity Service.—Pursuant to the Midwives Act, 1936 you have appointed five midwives to practise in the district, and you have entered into agreements with the Plaistow Maternity Hospital and District Nurses' Home and the Salvation Army in order to establish an adequate service of domiciliary midwifery throughout the Borough. Application for the services of the midwives may be made at the midwives' homes or at the Ante-Natal Clinics, and the charges are in accordance with the Council's scale. Consultations.—There is a Specialist-Consultant available for consultations in cases of abnormal pregnancy, puerperal pyrexia and in cases of difficult labour. Medicines, Supply of.—Arrangements exist with local chemists by which prescriptions are dispensed free in necessitous cases for mothers and children attending the Maternity and Child Welfare Centres. |
405a165c-0b7c-4e3c-918f-733d4ccc9daa | Milk.—Pasteurised milk is supplied free of charge and at half-price in certain necessitous cases of expectant and nursing mothers and babies, on the recommendation of the Medical Officers at the Clinics. Certain dried milks, etc., are similarly supplied free, at half-price and at cost price. Minor Ailments.—Treatment is given daily at the Central Clinic, the Woodward Clinic, and at the Porters Avenue Clinic to children under the age of five years. 66 Ophthalmic Service.—Ophthalmic Clinics for expectant and nursing mothers and toddlers are held at the Central Clinic and Woodward Clinic. The scheme includes the provision of spectacles at a very low charge, and in some cases, where the family income is below a certain scale, at no charge. Orthopoedic Service.—The Orthopaedic Service includes treatment at the Clinic, the provision of splints, and treatment at hospital in the case of children under the age of five years. |
a83d738c-c78d-49d3-ab4f-131ac7d87885 | The service also provides for treatment at the Orthopaedic Clinic for expectant and nursing mothers. Tonsils and Adenoids.—Surgical treatment for tonsils and adenoids is carried out at two local hospitals under an agreement with the Council. A small charge is made to the parents, except in certain necessitous cases when no charge is made. During the year, 99 such operations were carried out in respect of children under the age of five years. Ultra-Violet Light Treatment.—Ultra-violet light treatment is given to expectant and nursing mothers and to children under the age of five years at the Orthopaedic Clinic. During 1938, 232 cases were treated, a total number of 2,827 treatments being given. Visiting in the Home.—Periodic visits are paid by the Health Visitors to all children under the age of five years and to all foster-children under the age of nine years. Visits are also paid in certain cases to expectant mothers. |
fcf28e77-a482-44a5-a8a3-4898a14e7802 | X-Ray Treatment for Ringworm.—Where necessary, ringworm is treated by X-ray. No charge is made for this treatment. 67 The way in which anyone can avail herself of any of these Services is to ask the Health Visitor for the district, or to attend at an Infant Welfare Centre, or, where this is not practicable or there is any emergency, to make an enquiry at the offices of the Public Health Department—Central Hall Chambers, East Street, Barking. 68 REPORT OF THE DENTAL SURGEON. June, 1939. To the Medical Officer of Health, Borough of Barking. I have the honour to present the Annual Report of the Maternity and Child Welfare Dental Services for the year ending December 31st, 1938. |
837d13bc-f50a-48ba-b9d4-27f9467311f6 | The number of patients attending for treatment at the Woodward Road Clinic is still higher than can be accommodated with the prosthetic sessions at the disposal of this Clinic and it is proposed that one Maternity and Child Welfare session at East Street Clinic in future be utilized for the convenience of Woodward Road Clinic patients requiring denture work. The prejudice against the filling of teeth for toddlers and under school-age children is still a handicap to the service, for it follows that if a child presents itself at school for the first time in need of considerable dental attention, as so often is the case, the necessity of giving considerable dental treatment is placed on the School Dental Service. Also the patient by the time he has reached school-age has formed a regrettable personal objection to fillings, such objection being based purely on the parent's early refusals. |
c8bd882c-865c-4af4-9cbd-6edcfc02fed8 | Fortunately a brighter picture is presented by the increasing acceptance of conservative work by the younger mothers, and those in the 20-30 year age group give a very welcome relief in attending for early treatment, thus avoiding the necessity of extensive extractions as the only curative procedure. It is these mothers to whom we look for assistance in the future dental work among the pre-school child, by their 69 telligent acceptance of necessary dental treatment for their own children when the time comes. I still hope for the time when all expectant mothers first attending a Maternity Clinic will be sent as routine procedure to the dental department for inspection and treatment, but although this may present certain administrative difficulties at present I wish to thank the Medical, Nursing and Health Visiting Staff for their very loyal co-operation in urging early dental treatment, and to assure them that their efforts are producing most gratifying results. The treatment of the two County Schools undertaken by this Authority still demands considerable time, newcomers to the school so often presenting conditions requiring numerous fillings and extractions. |
5b5dca55-6f63-4f99-a082-1ce7123422fb | The pupils of these two schools however invariably become excellent attenders and the percentage of refusals is quite small. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient Servant, W. H. FOY, l.d.s., r.c.s. (eng.), Senior Dental Officer. 70 DENTAL CLINIC. Mothers and Toddlers. Extractions 3,050 Scalings 109 Dressings 41 Inspections 369 Fillings 244 Dentures supplied 377 Anaesthetics— General 782 Local 16 Patients— Old 1,988 New 493 Number of Sessions held 256 Toddlers— Treatments 850 71 REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE OPHTHALMIC CLINICS. The following is a summary of the work carried out during the year in respect of toddlers and nursing and expectant mothers:— Toddlers. |
76857097-5016-4397-8a85-b49b8f50b68d | Tests under atropine 20 Other attendances 109 Spectacles prescribed 12 Spectacles supplied 16 External Diseases of the Eye treated at the Clinics: Blepharitis and Conjunctivitis 7 Injury to Eye 2 Ingrowing lashes 1 Dacrocystitis 4 Hordeolum 2 Cases listed for Squint Training 10 Expectant and Nursing Mothers. Tests 9 Other Attendances (Blepharitis and Conjunctivitis 4) 45 Spectacles prescribed 9 Spectacles supplied 7 Children under five years of age form an important and distinctive feature of any eye session. Their attendance at the clinic emphasises one of the most 72 essential necessities of preventative medicine—viz., continuity of supervision and treatment when that is needed. It is thus possible to prevent or at least lessen visual defects. During 1938 the usual common maladies have been treated. No one disease can be singled out by reason of severity or frequency. |
f3e350d3-ba40-4e86-88f8-4cf9f870714f | In the treatment of eye affections in infants and young children skilled nursing attention is especially desirable, for in this group of patients the great obstacle is fear and not so much actual pain. At their daily visits to the clinics the parents are shown the elementary details of treatment but what is probably more important the child is reassured and its co-operation obtained. The other section concerns mothers during pregnancy and afterwards for one year. This is frequently a time when constant headaches are first complained of and the question of eyestrain arises. It is our practice to prescribe glasses only when some permanent fault is found. It may be said that childbirth seldom adversely affects the eyes. Treatment of Children under 5 years of age at the Orthoptic(Squint Training) Clinic. No. of cases treated 8 No. of cases under treatment at end of year1 Treatment commenced but transferred to Education Scheme on account of child becoming of School Age3 No. |
8c976d79-2285-47bb-9f26-f674f0ffa201 | of treatments given 11 73 REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE ORTHOPÆDIC CLINIC. Orthopædic treatment in Barking provides massage, medical electricity (which includes the latest form of apparatus, namely, for short-wave therapy, called the inductotherm), plasters, splints, remedial exercises, including those for flat feet, etc. During the year a third full-time masseuse has been appointed, and as previously these masseuses have given treatment, not only at the Orthopædic Clinics, but at the Barking Hospital and the Upney Maternity Pavilion. There has been a considerable increase in the number of treatments to be given at the latter Hospital, in fact they take up a large part of the time of one masseuse. The following tables give some outline of the cases treated and the work which has been carried out amongst toddlers and mothers. |
bb69a96b-2252-4806-9b03-b383a60c9b8d | There would appear to be a large number of cases of genu valgum (knock knee) of an acquired nature, which may be a reflection somewhat on the time at which parents allow their babies to assume the erect posture. No. of primary examinations by Orthopædic Surgeon 178 No. of re-examinations by Orthopædic Surgeon 174. The cases dealt with for the first time during 1938 were referred for the following conditions :— (a) Deformities of Bones and Joints. 1. Congenital: Digitus varus 1 Exostosis1 Mid-tarsal varus 4 74 Scoliosis1 Talipes 5 Tibial Flexion Deformity3 ? Congenital dislocation hip1 2. |
22cba4af-8aa7-41ee-bcba-6a26cfdc51a1 | Acquired: Bowed femora 4 Bowed tibiæ 28 Genu varum 15 Genu valgum 85 Hallux valgus 1 Injury—tibia1 Pes planus 19 Rickets 4 Valgus ankle 8 ? Spondylolisthesis 1 ? Thickening dorsal metatarsus 1 (b) Muscular. 1. Congenital. Torticollis 5 2. Acquired: Intoeing 9 Lordosis 1 Pes planus 57 (c) Paralysis. A.P.M 1 Erbs paralysis 2 ? Attacks of paralysis 1 ? Facial paralysis 1 (d) Miscellaneous. Re Gait 1 No diagnosis 2 75 REPORT UPON THE WORK OF THE PATHOLOGICAL LABORATORY FOR THE YEAR 1938. |
f3b47e77-0bdc-479a-b175-a75ad2b73adf | During 1938, the Pathological Unit at the Barking Isolation Hospital has completed two years of activity since its opening. On reviewing this year's work, it is gratifying to report that not only has it maintained its degree of utility but has considerably increased its output as compared with last year—over 300 more investigations were carried out in 1938 than in 1937. It has consolidated its position and has widened its scope of activity without encroaching upon the province of the County's Scheme. The Unit is no longer looked upon somewhat as a curiosity, but has settled into the Public Health landscape and is generally accepted as an essential item of the Borough's many amenities. Again many patients from the clinics have been able to undergo a wide variety of blood tests, without having to give up a great deal of time to journeys to London Hospitals, and in this connection the cooperation of the various Medical Officers has been very satisfactory. |
8b06209d-fc6e-4c6f-91d0-45e1fa33491d | A number of school children have also been examined for anæmia, hæmophilia and other blood disorders, as a result of queries arising from school medical inspections. By reason of the existence of a local laboratory these children have lost only a minimum of school attendance. There is still a great deal of anaemia among the working class women, but the school children of the Borough, even those in the most reduced circumstances, are very rarely anaemic as compared with their less fortunate mothers. It is certain that in twenty years' time and more, these children will still be reaping the benefit 76 of the free milk and meals that the Council is providing to-day, for there is no doubt that much of the anaemia in women is due to a lifetime of malnutrition. The investigations which were commenced in 1937 have largely been continued in 1938. Work on scarlet fever has been considerably hampered by the fact that the incidence during the first eight months of the year was particularly low. |
a7642ac3-a1c8-4b6a-9e12-95243c176393 | Throughout the latter third of the year, as would be expected, scarlet fever being regarded as an autumn fever, there has been a rise in the number of cases, amounting almost to a mild epidemic. This sudden rise coincided with the end of the school holidays. Bacteriologically it was found that there were actually two waves of infection, the first of which was foreshadowed in May and June, when cases of infection by Type 1 Str. pyogenes, which had so far been relatively uncommon in Barking, began to appear in increasing numbers, reaching a maximum in September, when 85 per cent, of the cases were due to this type. In October cases of infection by Type 13 Str. pyogenes started to occur; previously this type also had appeared only rarely. In November, 70 per cent, of the cases were due to this type, whilst the number of Type 1 cases had dropped to 24 per cent. |
d57bfa99-24b1-428a-89fa-37f7c11deba3 | It is very noticeable that when the cases of streptococcal infection are few and sporadic a wide variety of types of Str. pyogenes is represented: during an epidemic there is one main type and only occasional others. The situation at the close of 1938 is that both waves of infection are dying down, the second more rapidly than the first, and that the percentage of sporadic cases is increasing. The cases of both types have been 77 spread uniformly throughout Barking Town and the Becontree Estate, neither being focussed in any particular locality. The swabbing for Str. pyogenes has been extended to diphtheria patients, many of whom, and particularly the severe cases, often have initially a double infection with C. diphtherias and Str. pyogenes, although they seldom show a rash. Cases of suspected diphtheria which are admitted to the Barking Hospital are isolated in side wards or cubicles until the result of a swab for Str. |
afe6bed9-29c7-4516-88b5-a6c135552f6f | pyogenes is known. Negative cases are then admitted to the open ward and positive cases are kept in isolation until they are free from streptococcal infection, sometimes for the whole of their stay in hospital. It should be pointed out that this procedure in no way interferes with the patients' serum treatment which is initiated immediately on their admission to hospital. A number of cases which were admitted as suspected diphtheria have subsequently proved to be acute streptococcal tonsillitis. Such cases are with advantage kept in isolation, as it is all too infrequently realised that they are equally as infectious as scarlet fever. The incidence of types of Str. pyogenes occurring in these patients and in the diphtheria patients ran parallel with those occurring in scarlet fever patients. It is noteworthy that during 1938 no cases of puerperal fever of streptococcal origin have been detected, this being the classical type which is so highly infectious and which has such a high mortality. |
048bf20c-cbb2-4e93-85b2-ff4e2660bb9d | The few cases of generalised puerperal infection which have occurred have for the large part been in patients who have been debilitated and anæmic throughout pregnancy or who have been weakened by haemorrhage. The germs 78 which have taken a foothold would probably not have caused any untoward symptoms in a more robust woman. Such germs exist normally in the air, the respiratory tract or in the bowel and can never be completely eliminated. An important branch of Pathology which has been introduced into the laboratory this year is that of Histology or in other words the microscopic examination of the cellular structure of tissues. This cellular structure often undergoes a striking change when the tissue becomes diseased and its study provides a valuable aid to diagnosis. The tissues are most frequently obtained from post mortem examinations and a large proportion from surgical operations when unhealthy material is removed ; abnormal placentas also provide a source of investigation. The preparation of tissues for such examination is a highly specialised process and can only be perfected by much experience. |
52175bf6-5b11-45a4-9b04-bc9d8de62fbf | Through the kind co-operation of the Council, Mr. Brian was given special leave to attend the Royal Free Hospital Histological Laboratory for a week to learn some of the more important work in this connection. The technician at that hospital, to whom many thanks are due, has in addition given him much help on the subject when difficulties have arisen. Further acknowledgements are necessary to the officials of the Pathology Department at Charing Cross Hospital, where Mr. Brian has been given facilities for attending post mortems, and also of the Histology Section of the Biology Department at the Royal Veterinary College. 79 The Pathological Unit continues its close association with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, whose bacteriological staff has never failed to provide valuable help and advice when required, and whose comprehensive library is available at all times, not only to the personnel of the Pathology Unit but also to any of the senior members of the Public Health Staff who may wish to use it. Finally, I must once again express my personal thanks to Dr. |
3a0f6fdc-f939-4e9f-b076-4be72ece2085 | F. E. Camps, Consultant Pathologist to the County of Essex, for his kindness in typing over 400 strains of Str. pyogenes for us during 1938. E. M. HILL, Ph.D., Dip., Bact., A.I.C 81 SECTION C. SANITARY CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE AREA. (1) WATER. South Essex Waterworks Company Supplies.—The Engineer of the South Essex Waterworks Company informs me of the following facts :— "During the year 1938 the following mains were laid in your Borough :— 4"3,066 yards 6"65 yards 9"328 yards The Analytical reports on all analyses made of the water supplied in your Borough showed that the water was pure and wholesome and suitable for the purposes of a public supply. The supply has been satisfactory in quality and quantity. It is anticipated that the Stour Supply Scheme (1935) will come into supply during the Spring of 1940. |
4a23daf5-78b7-4161-8130-ec4799dca9b8 | A laboratory has been built and equipped at the Company's Langham Works, a whole-time Chemist and Bacteriologist has been engaged and analytical work has been in progress for about three months. An Assistant Chemist and Bacteriologist will commence his duties early next month. During the year 1938 over 200 samples of water were submitted for chemical analysis and a like number for bacteriological examination; analytical results showed that the water was pure and wholesome and suitable for the purposes of public supply. 82 Since the Langham Laboratory has been in use samples of the water supplied from the Langham Works are examined daily and further samples from the river sedimentation reservoir and primary filters are also examined. About eighteen samples of water from the Company's wells are examined weekly." In addition to the afore-mentioned examinations, 10 samples were submitted to the Public Health Laboratories for chemical and bacteriological examination and with one exception were found satisfactory. |
0291a4e2-cec2-42c7-b599-792b0216f440 | The unsatisfactory sample was drawn from the supplies to a tap, fed from a storage tank, placed in the roof of the house, and which had been left uncovered. In order to avoid unnecessary sampling in the area of the South Essex Waterworks Company's supply, a meeting of the Medical Officers of Health in such area was convened, where it was decided that future sampling should be carried out in accordance with an approved rota. This method of sampling is now in force. Supplies from local wells.—There are eight wells in the district. During the year the Mineral Water Company operating in the district discontinued to draw their supplies for mineral waters from their own well and replaced it by the main supply. The Company does, however, continue to use water from their deeper well for the purpose of bottle washing. At two factories the drinking water is drawn from deep wells. Samples from both have been obtained and are satisfactory. |
adde3a48-a543-407f-833f-4f09d1e9bd57 | In one case an application was made for a certificate of approval in accordance with Section 41 of the Factories Act, 1937. The remaining wells are used for industrial purposes only. 83 (2) RAINFALL. The rainfall for the year ended 31st December, 1938 was 14.42 inches as compared with 23.25 inches for the previous year. Rain fell on 146 days in the year 1938. (3) DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE. The joint drainage arrangements between Ilford and Barking have functioned satisfactorily during the year. The Political Crisis in September, 1938 directed attention to difficulties which might arise from enemy action in disposal arrangements, and the Engineers of the Joint Board were asked to design a suitable alternative. (4) RIVERS AND STREAMS. The rivers and streams running through the area are tidal in character and are not controlled by the Corporation. |
577a5cfc-f80c-4ee9-8b0c-4e95353965c4 | River Roding.—Continuing my observations in connection with the River Roding I include for information a copy of the Report drawn up by the County Medical Officer for Essex, and dated 23rd August, 1938 :— " River Roding.—Prior to the receipt of the representation dated 27th July, 1938, from the Corporation of Barking, steps had been taken to carry out a survey of the River Roding due to an unsatisfactory sample of river water obtained by the Ilford Corporation. The River Roding has its source in the Dunmow Rural District and then flows through Ongar Rural, Epping Rural, Chigwell Urban, Wanstead and Woodford Borough, Ilford Borough and Barking Borough where it discharges into the River Thames. 84 For the greater part of its course it passes through rural country, and it receives the effluents of fourteen sewage works. |
1aac95be-5441-4578-a6ad-b6ffaf8ba7d4 | As it is not fed by any substantial springs its natural flow in dry weather is very small and, therefore, there is practically no dilution of the sewage effluents. This condition has been accentuated during the long dry spell experienced this year. Samples of water taken from the river at different points prove the water in the river to be "reasonably clean," according to the reports of the Bacteriologist for Essex, up to a point at Abridge. Thereafter the condition of the river on the day of inspection was as follows :— Source of Sample. Impurity Figure. Remarks. Stanford Rivers 3.5 Reasonably clean. Abridge (Bridge) 5.8 Not a clean river water. Bridge near Chigwell Lane Station 4.4 do. Bridge near Buckhurst Hill 6.3 do. Woodford Bridge 6.0 do. Below Woodford Sewage Works 6.1 do. |
f21b6be2-14e9-457f-910c-a5a38fe87d5b | Eastern Avenue Bridge, Woodford 4.7 do. Ilford Golf Links 4.2 do. Below Wanstead Sewage Works 4.2 do. Near Ilford Station 4.4 do. 85 The standard impurity figures for river waters used as a guide in the County of Essex are as follows:— Standard Impurity Figure. (a) River water which may be used after filtration for drinking purposes 2.5 (b) River water not to be used 3.5 It will be seen that the flow in the River from Abridge, after it has passed through most of the rural part of its course, downwards, is equivalent to a satisfactory sewage effluent. |
45b5d20e-5fbf-44d9-ab06-57ad71ffedc3 | The position in respect to the main Sewage Works above and all works below Abridge is as follows :— (1) Sewage Works above Abridge.—The three main sewage works nearest to Abridge are :— Epping Urban (Southern) Sewage Works.—These Works, which discharge an effluent into a tributary of the River Roding approximately 2¾ miles above Abridge, were remodelled in 1935. Since 1/1/37 the effluents have been satisfactory. Theydon Bois Sewage Works (Epping Rural).— These works discharge an effluent into a tributary of the River Roding approximately 3½ miles above Abridge. Samples give unsatisfactory results. Approval has been given by the Ministry of Health to a scheme for providing a new sewage works on a new site situated about one mile above Abridge. |
6a0633d8-82d9-4fe9-b853-17a49e4a07bc | Stanford Rivers Sewage Works (Ongar Rural).— These new works completed in 1937 discharge very satisfactory effluents into the River Roding about 7 ½ miles above Abridge. 86 General.—There are several large dairy farms above Abridge, drainage from which discharges into ditches, as no sewer is available. (2) Sewage Works below Abridge. Abridge Sewage Works (Ongar Rural).—Effluents are consistently satisfactory. Chigwell Urban Sewage Works.—Unsatisfactory effluents are discharging from some of these works. Work has commenced on the Urban Council's comprehensive sewerage and sewage disposal scheme which will result in reducing the number of sewage works from 7 to 2. Woodford Sewage Works (Wanstead and Woodford B).—Effluents satisfactory. Extensive additions and improvements to these works are not yet completed. |
09ad52df-076f-42b0-bb59-76bb3d5e0bfc | Wanstead Sewage Works (Wanstead and Woodford B).—Effluents satisfactory. A scheme for additions and improvements to these works is under consideration. (3) General.—At several points the river has been used as a dumping ground for refuse. Representations are being made to the local Medical Officers of Health concerned. Small discharges of unsatisfactory liquids from pipes not connected with Sewage Works have been discovered. Appropriate action is being taken. (4) Observations.—The last complete survey of this river was made at the County Council's request by Mr. E. H. Tabor, M.Inst.C.E., Consulting Engineer. In his " Report on Sewage Disposal in 87 South West and South Essex," dated 20th January, 1934, he pointed out that " to decide upon the best means of dealing with the drainage of this, the lower Roding valley, is a very difficult matter and one requiring close examination." |
eaf44f9c-ca2e-42e9-ae0d-1c2f7ae1a3f3 | He suggested two alternatives, namely, a trunk sewer down the valley to the London Northern Outfall Works, or an outfall sewer from Woodford to a new disposal works on the Rainham Marshes on the North Bank of the Thames. Subsequently the Middlesex County Council approached the Hertfordshire and Essex County Councils regarding the preparation of a joint scheme of sewerage and sewage disposal for the Lea Valley. At the request of the Essex County Council this enquiry was extended to include the Roding Valley. The scheme for the Lea Valley has been proceeded with. On financial grounds the Roding Valley portion was dropped, and the Essex County Council intimated to the Local Sanitary Authorities in the lower part of the valley that they would not oppose proposals for extensions and improvements to existing sewage works. (5) Conclusions.—In dry weather the flow in the River Roding consists mostly of effluents from Sewage Works. This is corroborated by the Impurity Figures given on page 1 of this Report. |
fee324cd-3e48-48ab-9079-d8f935ca9f26 | Samples of effluents from all sewage works in this valley are taken regularly. Works in Epping Urban and Ongar Rural Districts have been modernised with satisfactory results. New works are to be provided at Theydon Bois (Epping Rural) and Chigwell Urban. In the latter district two works in place of seven will eventually treat all the sewage. Wanstead and Woodford Borough Council is carrying out improvements at the Woodford Works and has under consideration a scheme for improving the Wanstead Works. 88 Action is being taken to prevent the dumping of rubbish in the river and in regard to small discharges from pipes not connected with sewage works. A joint scheme with the Middlesex and Hertfordshire County Councils including collecting the sewage from the populous parts of the Roding Valley by means of a valley sewer discharging to a large central sewage works on the Thameside in the neighbourhood of Barking, which would have provided a satisfactory solution of this difficult problem, was dropped on economical grounds. |
415abb88-df01-4515-ab52-5151be98e80c | Since then the Essex County Council agreed not to oppose improvements and extensions to Sewage Works in Chigwell Urban and Wanstead and Woodford Borough. Improvement in the condition of the river is to be expected when the several schemes now in progress are completed. With the very small natural flow in dry weather, however, it does not appear to be practicable to regain and maintain the pristine purity of this river." Consideration of the pollution of the River Roding must have regard to the discharge of effluents into the Thames from the Outfall Works of the London County Council which are situated at the confluence of the Roding and the Thames, and also to the effluents discharged into the Roding from the Outfall Works of the East Ham County Borough. The latter discharge takes place into the Roding during its passage within the boundaries of the Borough of Barking. During the year I received two reports from the Port of London Authority upon results of the analysis of river water. |
79d01074-9c55-4654-9497-19da0b661ed8 | In one case the report stated "this water is of the character of a good sewage effluent," and in the other "this is a brackish water polluted by sewage effluent." 89 It would appear from the facts thus set out that it is unlikely any material improvement in the condition of this river will be effected until considerable sums of money are spent upon large, costly, and, in my opinion, necessary disposal works. It follows, therefore, that today the people of Barking must be taught to realise the danger to them arising from any use of the water of the Roding, except for transport purposes. The Loxford Water and the Mayesbrook.—Both these streams flow through the Borough, but have their origin in other districts. From time to time we receive complaints from frontagers of local flooding and offensive odours. |
03aadd1d-eeac-4604-9513-0822e9b3185f | Both streams in their journey through Barking pass through areas of residential property and in my view should receive the attention of the Catchment Board, with a view to the improvement of the floors and banks of such streams, so as to enable them to discharge their functions efficiently, not forgetting their potential use in the event of war operations. (5) CLOSET ACCOMMODATION. At the end of the year there remained a total of 17 premises unconnected with the sewer. Ten of these were factory premises. Of these 17 premises, 10 have cesspools, 6 have earth closets, and one has a sewage disposal plant (septic tank and percolating filter). The premises still unconnected are isolated properties. Cleansing is carried out by a Dennis cleansing unit. (6) PUBLIC CLEANSING. (a) Storage, Collection and Disposal.—The collection and disposal of domestic refuse is controlled by the Borough Engineer and Surveyor. |
c0a25747-a4f5-4f27-8d46-2477c32d8651 | 90 During the year, 9,629 loads of refuse were collected, with an average weight of 1 ton 14 cwts. This figure shows a yield of 11.7 cwts. per 1,000 of the population per day. We have continued in use the 1.7 cubic feet capacity bin, which is adopted as standard, so far without any serious objection to its size. The collection from dwelling-houses and flats in the district remains a weekly one. Barking in common with many other London districts is finding that the erection of block dwellings in the form of three-storey tenements requires some special method of dealing with refuse from such premises. So far the difficulty has been met by the provision at select points of a stoneware chute, into which residents empty their refuse through a small trap—the refuse falling into a fixed storage container at the base of the building, from which it is collected and loaded into the ordinary refuse freighter each week. |
7196a16f-7028-4b5f-93c3-6d0b45a33ae6 | This method is not ideal, but it is doubtful whether the development of this type of dwelling has reached the stage where it would warrant the use of a special collection vehicle or the employment of men for this purpose only. The matter is being watched. (b) Vacant Sites.—The demolition of dwellings arising from the operations of the Council under the Housing Act has left in the district, for a temporary period, a number of cleared sites. As is customary, such sites have been a source of trouble throughout the year owing to the deposition of all forms of domestic rubbish. In built-up areas there is serious difficulty met by residents in the disposal of domestic articles which are worn out and bulky. Nothwithstanding the objection raised by cleansing superintendents to the 91 inclusion of such articles in the ordinary refuse collection I advocate strongly such collection as the only solution to the litter nuisance on vacant sites. |
2c20e279-dbc1-45e8-a860-fa3991c381e6 | (c) Street Cleansing.—It is with satisfaction we have noted the considerable improvement effected in the cleansing of street gullies, and it is for the Council to decide whether the time has come when similarly, with regard to street cleansing, the more up-to-date methods of mechanical sweeping, etc., used by some progressive authorities, should not at least to some extent supersede the manual methods employed today. (7) REFUSE DISPOSAL. All the refuse collected in the Borough was deposited at the Corporation tip on the North Bank of the Roding, near the Kingsbridge Wharf. The methods employed in the formation of this tip were not at all times satisfactory, largely owing to the difficulty of obtaining sufficient and suitable covering material, all of which had to be imported and paid for. In common with many other districts in the country and even where tipping operations were conducted under more favourable circumstances, we suffered from a serious infestation of crickets. |
7c66675a-6d69-4d56-ab6c-472a83d1d9e2 | So far as I am aware, the problem of how best to deal with a cricket nuisance has not yet been solved and it is a matter to which entomologists could usefully conduct research. For the benefit of members of the Council and other interested persons, I think it worth while to set out in detail our experience during the year :— February.—A complaint was received from owners of houses near the area of the presence of crickets. An inspection of the tip was made but there was no evidence of nuisance from crickets at this time. 92 March.—Complaints were received from tenants in the area of the presence of crickets in their houses. Consultations took place between officers of this Department and representatives of the tenants. Consequent upon this, suggestions were made to the Borough Engineer and Surveyor for the improvement of tipping operations and free issues of an insecticide were made to tenants. |
582a9fad-8b00-4ca6-8400-af8eb9acd9a9 | June.—With the commencement of warmer weather, fresh complaints were received from tenants of cricket infestation, and the adjoining tips were now found infested. July.—The Corporation tip had been treated, i.e., by the levelling and the spraying of the tip with creosote. It was arranged too for the fixing of hessian for the trapping of the insects. The owner of the nearby private tip, which was also found to be infested with crickets, was asked to take steps which would abate the nuisance. A further consultation took place between officers of this Department and representatives of the tenants of the houses in the area. Towards the end of the month spraying of the Corporation tip and the privately owned tip with hot tar commenced and an improvement was reported. August.—It was reported that the position was still serious. At this time the crickets were more numerous in the houses. September.—Arrangements were made for the application of poison baits in the gardens of the affected houses. |
906289bd-b24c-415f-9665-5b6f8920a6c8 | Representatives of Messrs. Ratsouris, with whom we had constantly been in touch, visited the tip and arrangements were made for spraying the 93 Corporation tip with their special concentrate and oil (spraying operations commenced towards the end of the month). October.—Garden fences, etc., in the area were sprayed with insecticide, and also the sub-floor spaces of the houses. During November inspections were made but there was no further evidence of infestation. No more complaints were received from tenants. The Corporation has spent £1,390 in dealing with the cricket nuisance on Corporation tips. Private Tips.—In connection with such tips the Corporation administers the relevant section of the Essex County Council Act, and 322 visits were paid by your officers to such tips during the year to see that no nuisance was committed, and to offer advice as to methods of disposal. There has been a reduction in the number of private tips in the district. Only in connection with one did we find it necessary to take any police court proceedings. |
48283b1e-4f0e-40c9-ade1-7ef2d7c3c676 | In this case the defendant was charged on two counts to which he pleaded guilty. The penalty inflicted was a fine of forty shillings on each count. The Act provides in relation to such an offence for a maximum fine of £200, and £50 each day for any continuing offence. Controlled Tipping.—There continues to exist in Barking large stretches of marshland adjoining the Thames, with an ordnance datum in some cases of below zero and in many parts is at a level some 12 to 14 feet below the height of the level of the river bank. I mention this to indicate that there remains ample scope for profitable reclamation of land within the Borough by controlled tipping. 94 (8) SANITARY INSPECTION OF THE AREA. The Crisis in September and the urgent work acquired for Air Raid Precautions interfered considerably with the routine work of the sanitary inspectors, and is responsible for the reduction in the inspections made during the year. |
f1c65dbf-6bd2-4f36-80de-0131821a03a4 | The number of complaints received and recorded in the register of complaints was 768, as compared with 659 in 1937, 759 in 1936, 855 in 1935, 551 in 1934 and 927 in 1933. The premises were inspected forthwith and any necessary action taken. The total number of visits paid by sanitary inspectors to various premises for all purposes are summarised below, together with the number of defects arising from those visits. The housing defects dealt with numbered 4,118. (a) Work of Sanitary Inspectors. (1) Inspection of Dwelling-Houses. |
51c46d16-d59d-4873-98bb-4a0692af61f0 | Total Houses Inspected under Public Health or Housing Acts 4,013 Total Number of Inspections made8,143 Housing (Consolidated) Regulations 1,210 After Infectious Disease 981 Overcrowded Premises 401 Defects Found 4,118 Notices Served (Preliminary)1,439 Re-inspections re Notices Served 3,105 Inspection of Works in Progress 455 95 (2) Premises Controlled by Byelaws and Regulations. Inspections. Contraventions. Notices served. |
18fb7214-97b3-456a-b979-8a73e27fa681 | Houses Let in Lodgings - - - Common Lodging Houses 18 - - Offensive Trades 69 43 22 Tents, Vans and Sheds 97 6 4 Dairies, Cowsheds and Milkshops 110 11 9 Slaughter-houses 190 2 1 Hairdressers' & Barbers'Premises 19 3 3 Smoke Observations 248 32 31 (3) Factories, Workshops and Workplaces. Inspections. Defects. Notices. |
39a64ae2-c656-4a05-b597-3573fcfbe05b | Factories 303 16 10 Laundries 2 - — Bakehouses 24 16 7 Domestic Workshops 4 — - Other Workshops 117 1 1 Other Workplaces 114 4 3 Outworkers' Rooms 40 - - Butchers' Premises 223 89 58 Fishmongers 63 23 15 Restaurants and Dining Rooms 140 62 32 Stables and Stable Yards 36 10 10 Piggeries 3 - — 96 (4) M iscellaneous. Inspections. Defects. Notices. |
e44f2aed-c229-4e79-a2ca-9951305cc3be | Rats and Mice (Destruction) Act, 1919 152 12 12 Vacant Land and Refuse Dumps 322 25 13 Public Lavatories 48 1 1 Schools 41 11 5 Markets and General Shops 337 45 29 Ice-Cream Vendors 99 19 12 Petroleum and Celluloid Stores 64 1 - Drainage Inspections 321 - - Milk Sampling 81 - - Other Miscellaneous 299 - — Inspection of Meat from Outside District 159 1 1 Shops Act, 1934 315 46 22 Water Sampling 31 1 — Food Manufacturers 8 7 2 Street Traders 42 1 1 Food Byelaws 74 33 25 Boilers 12 5 2 Pleasure Grounds 4 1 1 Noise Nuisance - - - (b) Summary of Sanitary Work Carried Out. (1) Drainage. |
51461962-c8ce-4ebf-bcb1-f35cab3ac472 | Choked drains, opened, repaired and cleansed 275 Drains reconstructed 68 Ventilation shafts repaired or new fixed 6 New inspection covers 4 97 (2) Closet Accommodation. W.C. structures repaired:— Roofs 8 Walls Floors Doors Seats fixed 47 W.C. pans fixed or cleansed 74 Flushing apparatus repaired or renewed 116 (3) Sinks. New fixed 53 New sink and bath wastepipes 41 New gully traps 10 (4) Dampness. Roofs and flashings 356 Eavesgutters 158 Rainwater pipes 60 (5) Water Supply. Defective water fittings repaired and supply reinstated 82 (6) Paving. Forecourt paving repaired or relaid 26 Yard paving repaired or relaid 56 Gully dishing repaired or renewed 46 (7) Dustbins. \ / / New ones provided 696 (8) General Repairs. |
9911b00d-d07c-40be-acd6-cafc00edeaa4 | External walls repointed 146 House floors repaired 69 Windows repaired or renewed 152 Window and door reveals repaired 70 Window sills repaired or renewed 64 Sashcords renewed 121 Washing coppers repaired or renewed 53 Stoves repaired or renewed 96 98 House doors and frames repaired or renewed 96 Stairs repaired 12 Handrails fixed 1 Chimney pots renewed and stacks rebuilt 118 Dirty or defective rooms repaired, cleansed and redecorated 1725 Damp walls remedied 64 Insufficient floor ventilation 57 External painting 233 Internal painting 7 Weatherboards fixed 6 Door sills repaired or renewed 25 9) Miscellaneous. Offensive accumulations removed 82 Animals so kept as to be a nuisance 24 Verminous rooms disinfested 54 Drains tested 181 Dangerous structures reported 24 Overcrowding 327 Flooding 4 Dust Nuisances 2 Other conditions 17 c) Notices Served. |
5296d44d-7e35-42ea-b97f-8d557ef58bb4 | Informal Notices 1,439 Statutory Notices:— Public Health Act, 1936:— Section 39 37 Section 45 23 Section 83 3 Section 93 232 Housing Act, 1936:— Section 9 49 Section 10 11 355 99 (d) Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, and the Factories Act, 1937 (which superseded the Act of 1901 on 1st July, 1938). (i) Inspections (including inspections made by Sanitary Inspectors). Premises. Number of Inspections. Written Notices. Prosecutions. Intimations. Statutory. Factories with mechanical power 317 10 Factories without mechanical power 119 1 — — Other Premises 112 3 — — Totals 548 14 — — (2) Defects found. Particulars. Number of Defects. Number of Prosecutions. |
9dad7ac4-1dcc-4a51-b4ed-863b4dfabe15 | Found Remedied Referred to H.M. Inspector. *Nuisances under the Public Health Acts:— Want of cleanliness 11 11 — — Inadequate ventilation 1 1 — — Overcrowding — — — — Want of drainage of floors 2 2 — — Sanitary accommodation:— — Insufficient 7 7 — — Unsuitable or defective 3 3 — — Not separate for sexes — — — — Other offences 2 2 — — Totals 20 20 — — * Including those specified in Sections 2, 3, 7 and 8, of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, as remediable under the Public Health Acts. 100 (3) Home Work. Eight notices were issued to the occupiers of premises in the district where outworkers are employed, who supplied lists twice during the year of 28 workpeople engaged on making wearing apparel, etc., in their homes. (4) Registered Workshops. |
a1d825ee-1f56-41ef-b948-bf416f1634a2 | Workshops on the Register at the end of the year:— Number. Bakehouses (including six factory bakehouses) 11 Other Workshops 48 Total number of Workshops on Register 59 (5) Other Matters. Class:— Number. Matters notified to H.M. Inspector of Factories:— Failure to affix Abstract of the Factory and Workshop ActAction taken in matters referred by H.M. Inspector as remediable under the Public Health Acts, but not under the Factory and Workshop Act 3 Other - Underground Bakehouses:— Certificates granted during the year— In use at the end of the year — (6) Outworkers. |
5b276db6-7f6b-48ee-b4be-4838403d11c0 | The following list shows the nature of the homework carried out in this district by 60 outworkers:— Wearing apparel 28 Millinery 4 Tie-making3 101 Life-belt covering I Box makers 3 Paper hats, Christmas crackers and novelties 6 Flags 4 Handbags 1 Baby linen 3 Fancy leather goods 2 Umbrellas I Brushes 2 Shoes 1 Furrier 1 Cushions I During the year, 54 lists of outworkers were received from other Authorities in respect of addresses in Barking. Eight lists were received from employers within the district. (e) Premises and Occupations which can be controlled by Byelaws or Regulations. (1) Houses Let in Lodgings.—Action under the Housing Act, 1936 has revealed that accommodation over many of the larger shop premises in the district is becoming used for living purposes, and as the Council is aware we are awaiting confirmation of new byelaws for the control of such premises. |
412798b0-c9f5-47c0-ad5f-8ff4c69da74f | (2) Common Lodging Houses.—The common lodging house in Heath Street still continued in use at the end of the year, providing accommodation for 36 males. The redevelopment of the Heath Street housing site cannot be completed until this building is demolished. The Committee are considering the provision of a municipal hostel in order that the displaced persons from this common lodging house can be rehoused, together with a number of other persons living in lodgings in the district under unsuitable circumstances. 102 (3) Tents, Vans and Sheds.—The operation of the Smiths Lane Compulsory Purchase Order has meant the removal from the district of this type of dwelling. The Barking Corporation Act, 1933 provides that approval is now necessary before this type of dwelling can be established in the district. (4) Underground Sleeping Rooms.—There are no such occupied rooms in the district. |
4e805985-dc2b-4a7e-a05a-0b6936962d4b | (5) Offensive Trades.—The number of premises used for this purpose are as follows:— Fish Fryers 21 Dealers in Rags and Bones 8 Gut Scraper 1 Fat Melters 2 Fish Skin Scraper 1 Oil Boiler 1 Soap Makers 2 Total 36 Sixty-nine visits were paid to these 36 premises, and 43 contraventions of the byelaws were discovered and any necessary action taken. At the oil boiling factory, the installation of which is of a modern design and the general supervision careful, certain of our suggestions have been put into effect and have resulted in some improvement in the emission of fume, but have not secured the removal of all nuisance. (6) Piggeries.—There are four remaining piggeries in the district. (7) Stables.—These premises continue to be a source of trouble. The occupiers are invariably unable financially to carry out any improvements. 103 The Council has made byelaws for the control of these premises. |
f161f187-c878-43f5-b123-f05b93c9014f | Thirty-six visits were paid during the year to stable premises, and 10 notices were served in respect of unsatisfactory conditions. (F) Rats and Mice Destruction Act, 1919. There were 152 visits made to premises under this Act. The location of the source of infestation is of the greatest importance, and little can be achieved to prevent reinfestation unless this is discovered. Usually infestation is found to be directly due or associated with defective or disused drains, particularly where the premises are subject to interior infestation. Repressive Measures.—Occupiers are encouraged to carry out the trapping of rats themselves, and the owners are called upon to effect rat-proofing where the source of the infestation is other than defective drains. Advice is given by the sanitary inspectors and a free issue of suitable raticides is made to householders. |
f685589a-280d-4d72-9775-91b10e9da21a | Rat Week Propaganda.—In connection with Rat Week the following action was taken by the Corporation :— (1) Large illustrated posters were exhibited at 35 stations in the district inviting co-operation and giving advice to the general public. (2) The attention of the Borough Engineer and Surveyor was directed to the Corporation properties and sewers. (3) Special applications of raticides were made at the Corporation Hospitals. (4) The Corporation had available for free issue four different kinds of raticides. 104 The number of applications by householders for assistance during the week indicates that action in connection with rat extermination is continuous and not concentrated into one week of the year, there being four applications during National Rat Week and a total of ninety throughout the whole of the year. (g) Removal of Infirm and Diseased Persons. |
bba5bf4e-7a9b-4cc1-80d5-e90654a0ee15 | The Barking Corporation Act, 1933 (section 143) empowers the Medical Officer of Health to certifiy that a person is infirm or diseased, and is incapable of taking care of himself, and is not receiving proper care and attention from others. The certificate enables the justices to grant an order for the compulsory removal to hospital of the person concerned. One case of such an infirm person was reported during the year, but died before official action could be taken. Members of the public are becoming increasingly aware of the powers given to the Corporation under this Section and we have on a number of occasions received applications for the Section to be put into operation. Your officers have been at pains to exercise their powers of discretion. Used for the purpose for which it is enacted, it does secure to the suffering aged hospital treatment under proper conditions. (9) SHOPS ACT, 1934. Inspections carried out for the purposes of Section 10 of this Act numbered 315. |
8a751484-394b-4156-8c44-32e599184663 | In 22 instances notices were served requiring additional sanitary accommodation, washing facilities or improved heating. In my Report for the year 1937, I described in detail what we regarded as a sufficient and suitable temperature for any type of shop and now we endeavour to secure this. 105 Hairdressers' and Barbers' Premises.—There are 41 premises where this typs of business is carried on. They are subject to control by byelaws made under the Essex County Council Act, 1934. We were disappointed with the code of byelaws as approved finally, but have found they are of value in the matter of cleanliness, and in some instances are used by the proprietors as a defence in their dealings with dirty and unsatisfactory customers. (10) OFFICE ACCOMMODATION. In October a circular letter was addressed to the occupiers of factories and business premises, calling their attention to the appropriate section of the Public Health Act, 1936, in its relation to office accommodation. |
ea922fe5-cfa0-4170-a18c-e997dd62d63a | This letter was followed up by official inspections of the accommodation provided. In general it was found that the requirements of the Act were being complied with and that any notices necessary were in connection with defects in sanitary fitments. It is proposed that inspection of offices shall be carried out twice per year. (11) SMOKE ABATEMENT, ETC. During the year 248 smoke observations were made in respect of factories, 32 offences were registered and necessary action taken. Grit Emission from Goal Combustion.—The emissions from the chimneys of the Generating Station at Creeksmouth have continued without any material change. There was a further addition to the boiler capacity of this Station to deal with an added load of 75,000 kilowatts. 106 Representations were made to the operating Company, particularly in relation to the emissions from the boilers of the Pulverised Fuel Plant. At one stage of the proceedings we hoped to secure a new method of treatment. |
8f716937-3000-4d0f-b529-7b0af012f158 | In the general summary of conclusions, outlined on Page 928 of the Report of the Royal Commission on the Geographical Distribution of the Industrial Population, it states that one of the factors most important in enhancing the death rates of residents in towns is the production of smoke from factories and homes which reduces the effective sunshine. In previous Reports I have referred to the large quantities of coal which are burned in the furnaces of this Generating Station and to our difficulties in dealing with the resultant chimney emissions. Grit Emission from Wood Fuel.—Last year I referred to the nuisance occasioned in the neighbourhood of a wood block factory from the burning of wood refuse and stated that a new furnace was being installed. At a later date the furnace was taken out and the old one reinstated with slight modifications, with a result that the nuisance recurred. Instructions have since been placed for the installation of a Babcock and Wilcox water boiler which it is hoped will prevent further trouble. |
3c8fe684-9e92-4c9c-a1fa-7ee11c43ff97 | Smoke Abatement Byelaws.—These byelaws were confirmed and came into operation during the year, fixing the limit of two minutes in any period of 30 minutes observation to the emission of black smoke. Nil Secundum, Limited.—In October our attention was called to smells noticed all over the district and which were found to emanate from the premises of the above-named, situated on the marshes, east of River Road. 107 The matter was reported immediately to the Inspector of Alkali Works, etc. At the end of the year, notwithstanding various alterations to plant, the nuisance had not been abated. (12) SWIMMING BATHS AND POOLS. There are no privately owned swimming baths in the area. With the opening of the swimming pool situated in the grounds of the South-East Essex Technical College, solely for the use of pupils, there has been an extension of swimming facilities in the district. |
2f7fe812-8603-4fc3-ae42-b0fba9f8e927 | Corporation Swimming Pool at Barking Park.—The total number of bathers was 53,682 or 16,372 less than in 1937. The number of bathers on the peak day of the season was 2,996. There was a record attendance during August Bank Holiday week with a total of 14,292 bathers in seven days. The popularity of the sun-bathing area was evidenced time and again throughout the season, so also was the need for greater facilities in this area, and the Superintendent of the Pool makes among other suggestions that some gymnastic apparatus should be installed to enable the younger bathers to indulge in this pursuit without interference to other bathers and spectators. In earlier Reports I have commented upon the desirability of providing swimming facilities throughout the whole year and in this regard have called attention to the need for providing swimming water at a suitable temperature. |
41d7a501-b08e-4eb5-8030-40c3391edcbf | I can do no more than repeat this 108 Corporation Baths, East Street.—The total number of bathers was 64,527 with a peak day of 950 bathers. I have referred in previous reports to the fact that these baths do not comply with modern standards and in his report to the responsible committee, the Baths Superintendent has referred to certain deficiencies in the matters of heating and filter plant. The questions he raises are receiving consideration. Projected Bath at Becontree.—Approval to the construction of this bath has been given but at the end of the year work had not been commenced. Examination of Bath Water.—Three samples were taken from each bathing establishment and submitted to chemical and bacteriological analysis. All the samples were reported as being satisfactory. (13) PARKS AND OPEN SPACES. We have in the town 265 acres of public open spaces. |
4fd6a713-94aa-4c80-9bd3-e51435376cfc | In the Becontree area, and as in that part of the town where the Council has provided its housing estates, we find associated with this development planned open spaces of a private character, proportionate to the built-up acreage. In most cases these open spaces have been converted into gardens and shrubberies, with pleasing results. Such distinctive feature becomes most noticeable when travelling from what is regarded as Old Barking to these newer estates and demonstrates the value of planning in an orderly manner, for which every opportunity will be given when the clearance of the London Road and Bennington Avenue Area takes place. 109 (14) ULTRA-VIOLET LIGHT RADIATION. |
63566ade-f205-42dc-a81a-b21601da7dfa | Lack of ultra-violet radiation, one of the results of a smoke pall, is known to produce rickets in young children ; and it is stated that nothing is plainer in the morbidity and mortality experience of industrial areas than that the presence of rickets contributes heavily to sickness and deaths from bronchitis and pneumonia in young children, to lowered resistance to measles, whooping cough, and tuberculosis and more remotely to maternal deaths from difficult instrumental or operative deliveries. It is important, therefore, that the ultra-violet light reaching Barking should be of the maximum amount, and for this reason we continue to take measurements at the Barking Hospital. The results show that throughout the year we received a total sky radiation of 1,104 units—this is comparable with that of any town in South-Eastern England. We are fortunate in view of the character of the industries situated in the town, in continuing to register this amount of ultra-violet light. (15) SCHOOLS. |
fc8eaf5f-5dec-4489-a735-044190f0f5bb | Of the eighteen elementary, ten have been built within the last seven years, and of the remainder two are much below present day standards. The recent activities of the Council are shown in the completion of five nursery classes, and the erection, now proceeding, of gymnasia and dining centres for the school and adult population. Each gymnasium unit includes provision of shower baths and drying rooms on the ground floor, with the dining centre, rest room and kitchen on the first floor. It has not been found necessary to close any department of the schools as a result of infectious disease. 110 During the year forty-one visits were paid by sanitary inspectors and eleven defects were discovered, most of which were in connection with sanitary conveniences. All defects were dealt with inter-departmentally. (16) ERADICATION OF BED BUGS. We have continued our practice of issuing free, small quantities of contact insecticides to householders with minor infestations. |
424fd9f5-43f5-4ef4-9c6f-91adbba1dd4d | In addition the following houses have been disinfested:— Barking Council Houses 25 London County Council Houses 7 Privately Owned Houses 16 Total 48 The Corporation call upon the owner of the house to disinfest the dwelling and where necessary the occupier to disinfest the furniture, the Corporation carrying out steam disinfestation of bedding free. In five instances we were notified by contractors of their intention to carry out fumigation with hydrogen cyanide on the orders of private owners. Corporation workmen carry out the disinfestation of Corporation houses with contact insecticides, such as Vermicene, Pyagra and Zaldecide. The practice of using sulphur products and contact insecticides has been continued where the houses are tenanted. 111 Where removals to Corporation houses are from clearance areas the tenant's effects are fumigated by hydrogen cyanide, this process being carried out by contractors in the removal vans. The bedding and soft goods from the houses are steam disinfested at the Barking Hospital. |
6c633f36-8ffc-4628-8e3a-0c281a666e73 | The appointment of an officer specially to supervise or educate tenants in the prevention of infestation has received the consideration of the Committee and it is expected that a woman sanitary inspector will shortly be carrying out this work as part of her duties. (17) CAMPING SITES. There are no camping sites within the Borough. 113 SECTION D. HOUSING. (1) STATISTICS. (a) General. Number of new houses erected during the year:— (1) Total504 (2) As part of a municipal housing scheme:— (a) Barking155 (b) L.C.C 79 (3) Others (including private enterprise and subsidy houses) 270 (b) Unfit Dwelling-Houses. 1. |
66ce7bd8-6860-48bb-8e7c-4346e8f795dd | Inspection of Dwelling-Houses during the Tear:— (1) (a) Total number of dwelling-houses inspected for housing defects (under Public Health or Housing Acts) 4,013 (b) Number of inspections made for the purpose ... ... ... 8,143 (2) (a) Number of dwelling-houses cluded under sub-head (1) above) which were inspected and recorded under the Housing Consolidated Regulations, 1925 & 1932 1,210 (b) Number of inspections made for the purpose ... ... ... ... 2,371 (3) Number of dwelling-houses found to be in a state so dangerous or injurious to health as to be unfit for human habitation 172 (4) Number of dwelling-houses (exclusive of those referred to under the preceding sub-head) found not to be in all respects reasonably fit for human habitation 1,439 114 2. |
a9c428e2-d64f-4922-8045-ce3ea9982286 | Remedy of Defects during the Year without Service of formal Notices:— Number of defective dwelling-houses rendered fit in consequence of informal action by the Local Authority or their officers 1,164 3. Action under Statutory Powers during the Tear:— A.—Proceedings under sections 9, 10 and 16 of the Housing Act, 1936: (1) Number of dwelling-houses in respect of which notices were served requiring repairs 60 (2) Number of dwelling-houses which were rendered fit after service of formal notices:— (a) By owners 67 (b) By local authority in default of owners 5 B.—Proceedings under Public Health Acts: (1) Number of dwelling-houses in respect of which notices were served requiring defects to be remedied 295 (2) Number of dwelling-houses in which defects were remedied after service of formal notices:— (a) By owners 203 (b) By local authority in default of owners 15 C. |
ae6357f6-5037-45b2-a500-bca8e6513c13 | —Proceedings under sections 11 and 13 of the Housing Act, 1936: (1) Number of dwelling-houses in respect of which Demolition Orders were made Nil (2) Number of dwelling-houses demolished in pursuance of Demolition Orders Nil 115 D.—Proceedings under section 12 of the Housing Act, 1936: (1) Number of separate tenements or underground rooms in respect of which Closing Orders were made Nil (2) Number of separate tenements or underground rooms in respect of which Closing Orders were determined, the tenement or room having been rendered fit Nil E.—Proceedings under section 148, Barking Corporation Act, 1933: Number of dustbins supplied by local authority in default of owners 323 (2) HOUSING CONDITIONS. |
aeccb812-1d9e-47f0-9640-ba9cb7584e09 | (a) General Observations.—The total number of inhabited houses in the district is 19,886 (including 1,332 shops), which, compared with the total of 10,965 at the census of 1931, gives an indication of the growth of the town. Of the total of 18,554 dwelling-houses, 1,986 are owned by the Council and nearly 7,500 have been erected in the area by the London County Council since the year 1929. It is interesting to note than 2,282 houses have been purchased by occupiers with assistance under the Small Dwellings Acquisition Act. During the year 1938, no less than 235 temporary buildings were approved for erection in the back gardens of dwelling-houses in the district. I approve the shed now provided by the Corporation for their tenants, but would be glad to see more care exercised in its location at the rear of the houses. |
7e217afb-0670-4451-9100-7f9ecca699cd | 116 I would further prohibit the erection of any other shed on the premises, and would refuse permission to a tenant to erect any type of shed other than this. At the end of the year a total of 585 of these sheds had been provided. Of the 176 houses at the Scrattons Farm Estate, in the course of erection to meet the overcrowding needs of the district, about 100 were nearing completion at the end of the year. HOUSES BUILT IN THE DISTRICT. 1926—1938. Year. Total. As part of Municipal Housing Scheme. Others (including private enterprise and subsidy houses) 1926 289 47 242 1927 358 30 328 1928 375 40 335 1929 700 (Barking) 206 237 (L.C.C.) 257 1930 1,064 (Barking) 59 35 (L.C.C.) |
a249c02b-caaa-4b64-916f-010880ce711b | 970 1931 2,557 (Barking) 26 121 (L.C.C.) 2,410 1932 1,993 (Barking) 109 177 (L.C.C.) 1,707 1933 1,844 (Barking) 154 304 (L.C.C.) 1,386 1934 730 (Barking) 96 359 (L.C.C.) 275 1935 563 (Barking) 168 233 (L.C.C.) 162 1936 401 (Barking) Nil 269 (L.C.C.) 132 1937 413 (Barking) 107 227 (L.C.C.) 79 1938 400 (Barking) 155 270 (L.C.C.) 79 Totals 11,791 8,604 3,137 117 (b) Housing Act, 1936. |
9fd94dfe-1614-4ee5-921f-507cc3dcf26e | —Overcrowding:— (a) (i) Number of dwellings overcrowded at the end of the year 156 (ii) Number of families dwelling therein 156 (iii) Number of persons dwelling therein 1,129½ units (b) Number of new cases of overcrowding reported during the year 29 (c) (i) Number of cases of overcrowding relieved during the year 63 (ii) Number of persons concerned in such cases 425 units (d) Particulars of any cases in which dwelling-houses have again become overcrowded after the Local Authority have taken steps for the abatement of overcrowding None known (e) The known cases of overcrowding were reviewed at the end of the year when it was found that the total of 190 at the beginning of the year had been reduced to 127, to which number were added 29 new cases, making a total of 156 at the end of the year. 118 Changes in overcrowding in houses owned by Local Authorities:— London County Council. |
5a4d21e7-27ed-404a-8619-3f8524f60380 | Barking Corporation. January, 1936 154 101 January, 1937 80 83 January, 1938 45 61 January, 1939 19 59 (c) Clearance Areas—Removal of Insanitary Properties. During the year building operations commenced at the Scrattons Farm Estate, where the Council are erecting 282 dwellings, including 6 shop-dwellings. It was recognised when the scheme was first suggested that many of the families removing to this Estate would regard it as being remote from that part of the district to which they were accustomed, and that we should, therefore, experience some difficulty. I am glad to be able to say that early objections have now given way to a fairly popular demand for accommodation on the Estate. The Council have continued with their clearance schemes and removals from the central and overcrowded areas have been taking place throughout the year. |
db2f6bca-b19c-4cef-bc2f-87522d5990d6 | There are many families who are unwilling or unable to live far from their present homes, owing to economic reasons and for these the Council is trying to provide accommodation on the sites of their present houses. The clearance of the London Road and Bennington Avenue Area provides an opportunity for redevelopment in the central area of the town which will add considerably to the convenience of the occupiers and benefit local business. 119—120 CLEARANCE AREAS. Area. Date of Representation Acreage Dwelling Houses Shops Total Premises Total Persons Date of Inquiry Date of Confirmation Premises Excluded Final Date for Vacation Date of Demolition Subsequent Use of Site North Street, Holly Square and Tanner Square 10/3/31 .549 25 — 25 146 15/12/32 22/3/33 6/5/33 9/33 Rehousing St. |
72fcc420-c348-4aa4-9e23-1d838a40201d | John's Retreat 2/32 .338 14 — 14 67 15/12/32 7/2/33 — 8/11/33 30/6/33 Vacant Bifron Square 10/2/31 .713 19 11 30 124 20/12/32 22/3/33 — C.P.O. 31/3/34 Rehousing Church Path, etc. 13/9/32 .06 4 1 5 25 2/5/33 13/9/33 C.P.O. between 30/6/35 and 26/7/35 Car Park Back Lane 13/9/32 .45 28 — 28 134 2/5/33 13/9/33 — C.P.O. |
ffab632d-8eab-48e9-977a-ae280ee83c3d | between 6/35 Open space—additional to Parish Bridge Street 19/7/32 1.09 36 — 36 221 2/5/33 13/9/33 — 18/6/34 and 11/35 between 31/12/34 and 31/3/35 Churchyard. Industrial Abbey Road (No. 1) 13/11/33 .144 11 — 11 53 None held 12/4/34 — 12/7/34 31/3/35 Industrial Park Terrace, Collier Row, etc. 10/10/33 1.4 53 (including 1 shopdwelling and 1 beerhouse) 53 256 3/5/34 31/7/34 — C.P.O. 8/35 Rehousing Abbey Road (No. |
ac1a00b2-ba0d-4b75-8edb-aaa9026bbd58 | 2) 13/11/33 .18 18 — 18 83 24/9/34 4/1/35 — 8/4/35 7/8/35 Industrial Abbey Road (No. 3) 13/11/33 .061 4 — 4 22 24/9/34 4/1/35 — 8/4/35 12/35 Rehousing Abbey Road (No. 4) 13/11/33 .09 7 — 7 65 24/9/34 4/1/35 — 8/4/35 12/35 Industrial North Street (No. 1) 4/7/34 2.05 56 (and 5 lock-up shops, 10 shop-dwellings and 1 common lodging-house) 72 307 24/9/34 1/1/35 14, North St. |
7801c95a-a9ed-4b89-8fc0-0cd44e8d2cc0 | 25/8/35 between 12/35 and 3/36 London Road Extension and Commercial Development. Union Street 17/5/35 .82 41 3 44 191 31/12/35 7/3/36 — C.P.O. 9/37 Rehousing Roden Yard 18/1/35 .04 2 — 2 8 5/9/35 9/35 — C.P.O. 12/35 Industrial North Street (No 2) 14/2/36 .357 7 (and 4 shop-dwellings) 11 60 23/9/36 25/3/37 C.P.O. 3/38 London Road Extension and Commercial Development. Eldred Road (No. 1) 16/11/34 .04 3 — 3 8 31/12/37 7/3/36 — 14/9/86 6/38 Ribbon Development Act. |
02f535f0-aca5-43b9-85b8-7520b3058b4e | Heath Street (No. 1) 14/2/36 1.69 49 (including common lodging house and synagogue) 49 302 (including 39 inmates of common Lodging House) 23/9/36 25/3/37 Synagogue to be "grey" C.P.O. not yet demolished Rehousing St. Paul's Road (No. 1) 28/2/37 .49 18 — 18 155 23/9/36 25/3/37 — C.P.O. do. Rehousing St. Paul's Road (No. 2) 28/2/37 .143 6 — 6 23 23/9/36 25 3/37 — C.P.O. do. Rehousing Grove Place 17/4/36 .3 18 — 18 70 23/9/36 25/3/37 — C.P.O. do. Town Redevelopment. |
3c3a3159-f5e8-42c2-a98f-2a8a85c61e99 | Broadway and Axe Street 17/4/36 2.09 40 21 (shopdwellings) 61 216 23/9/36 25/3/37 19 & 21, Axe St. 31, Broadway to be "grey," also various garages and outbuildings C.P.O. do. Town Redevelopment. TOTALS (car ried forward) 515 2536 121—122 clearance areas—continued. Area. Date of Representation Acreage Dwelling Houses Shops Total Premises Total Persons Date of Inquiry Date of Confirmation Premises Excluded Final Date for Vacation Date of Demolition Subsequent Use of Site TOTALS (bro ught forward) 515 2536 St. John's Retreat (No. 2) 4/3/37 .16 9 — 9 42 — 15/11/37 — 4/38 do. Commercial Development Eldred Road (No. |
cdf81e63-551d-484f-a1e6-cd4a5a332feb | 2) 4/3/37 .23 11 — 11 55 12/10/37 17/11/37 — 4/38 do. — Cowbridge Lane 8/12/37 .25 12 — 12 50 Action in respect of these areas not yet complete. North Street (No. 4) 8/12/37 .33 12 — 12 50 North Street (No. 5) 8/12/37 .16 6 — 6 22 Smiths Lane 15/6/37 .06 4 — 4 24 London Road and Bennington Avenue 9/6/38 4.276 134 5 (shopdwellings) 1 (business premises) 140 587 London Road and Bennington Avenue— "Grey Properties" 9/6/38 1.554 19 (including shopdwellings, etc. |
e4aa651e-26ee-4036-b81e-ba0123aefa91 | 19 58 Concrete Cottages 7/7/38 .12 4 — 4 23 Abbey Road (No. 5) 9/12/38 .324 22 3 (shopdwellings) 25 118 TOTALS 757 3,565 INDIVIDUAL UNFIT HOUSES 38 201 GRAND TOTALS 795 3,766 123 In this central redevelopment the Corporation can give a valuable lead to private enterprise by a welldesigned and grouped housing scheme. It has been said that civic pride is the root of national pride and true patriotism, and in the broad sense our home is the town or district in which we live, and the external amenities of the house, the agreeable character of its surroundings, the convenience and safety of playgrounds for our children, and the facilities we have for social intercourse are all as important as the good construction and sanitation of the house itself. |
2e21cec0-56c5-450b-94f0-42a087b5cc95 | It is clear from this that good housing conditions depend on the areas in which houses are erected being properly planned. The table on pages 119-122 shows that 795 houses, occupied by 3,766 persons, have been dealt with in eight years, notwithst anding the difficulty of finding suitable building land. 125 SECTION E. INSPECTION AND SUPERVISION OF FOOD. (i) MILK SUPPLY AND ICE-CREAM. (a) Milk Supply.—There are no cowkeepers in the district and we have only one dairy where milk is handled or treated. The remaining 77 premises on the register retail pre-packed supplies. In addition there are 15 milk purveyors who occupy premises in other districts, but retail in Barking:. The following table sets out the results of the bacteriological examination of various samples, from which it will be seen that, out of a total of 66, three were found to be unsatisfactory :— Type of Sample. Satisfactory. Unsatisfactory. |
76dbb1cb-b710-4ff1-9744-007ab579033f | Totals. '' Sterilised " Milk — — — ''Pasteurised " Milk 44 — 44 Raw Milk 19 3 22 " Homogenised " Milk — — — Totals 63 3 66 There were during the year 36 samples of milk submitted to biological examination for the presence of tubercle. One of the 36 samples was found to be infected and the necessary action was taken. The sample of milk found to contain tubercular germs was taken from country farm supplies prior to pasteurisation. It is satisfactory to know that over 99 per cent. of the milk supplied in Barking is pasteurised. |
058826f5-3264-4272-8863-91f6b35a8f90 | 126 The following table shows the number of licences granted during the year for the sale of graded milks under the Milk (Special Designations) Order, 1936:— Tuberculin Tested 9 Pasteurised 19 A licence was granted to one local firm for the bottling of Tuberculin Tested Milk, and one for the treatment and sale of milk as " pasteurised." (b) Ice-Cream—Barking Corporation Act, 1933— Section 160.—There are 117 vendors registered, in accordance with this Act, of which 34 are manufacturers with premises in Barking. Fourteen vendors had premises outside the district. There was an increase of three in the number of registered premises, but the increase was confined to shops from which ice-cream is sold but not manufactured. Many of the shops are supplied from one source with pre-packed containers and sampling is therefore directed to control the main supplies, rather than the individual vendors. The general standard of cleanliness has been good. |
bcd52a63-36ab-4d16-86e1-d21ce188c2ab | Twenty-eight samples were submitted for bacteriological examination, two of which were unsatisfactory. (2) MEAT AND OTHER FOODS. (a) Meat.—There is one licensed slaughterhouse in the district. This licence is renewable annually. The premises are situated in the centre of the town and in view of the changing circumstances and developments taking place it may be that the Council will be considering the continuance of slaughtering at these premises. The slaughterhouse was well conducted during the year. 127 The following table gives particulars of notifications received, and the animals slaughtered, during the eleven years ended December 31st, 1938. Year. |
906737e8-1f20-44df-9364-5fabf1687dc2 | 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 Notifications Received 126 72 64 39 57 34 205 236 195 179 184 Cattle 40 64 80 12 10 41 350 447 340 365 340 Pigs 409 137 93 200 84 18 502 1,131 474 457 212 Sheep 815 426 332 173 270 241 1,038 1,346 748* 500† 936‡ Calves 71 10 11 1 9 1 140 157 77 38 3 Totals 1,335 637 516 386 373 301 2,030 3,081 1,639 1,360 1,491 * Includes 404 Iambs. † Includes 199 lambs. |
aa7e4efa-dccd-4e5f-9f7a-a1cc4f3e1eed | ‡ Includes 597 lambs. The following additional table gives information as to carcases inspected and condemned during the year 1938 : Cattle excluding Cows Cows Calves Sheep and Lambs Pigs Number Killed 192 148 3 936 212 Number Inspected 192 148 3 936 212 All diseases except Tuberculosis :— Whole carcases condemned — 1 Carcases of which some part or organ was condemned 27 33 — 7 2 Percentage of Number inspected affected with disease other than Tuberculosis 14.0 22.9 .8 1.0 Tuberculosis only:— Whole carcases condemned 4 3 — — — Carcases of which some part or organ was condemned 42 76 — — 8 Percentage of the number inspected affected with Tuberculosis 23.9 • 53.4 — — 4.0 128 I should like to add to this table by saying that none of this food was exposed for sale. |
a28d5b7b-f125-4298-9ecb-4413597f2a67 | It is necessary for the butchers to work in the closest co-operation with the Sanitary Inspectors, and this we find they readily do. (b) Supervision of Food Preparing Premises.—The number of premises in the district at the end of the year at which the following foods are prepared were :— Sausages 30 Potted Meat and Brawn Roast and/or Boiled Ham 7 Pressed, Pickled, Cooked, etc., Beef and Tongue 43 Roast Pork 5 Bacon 1 Boiled Crabs and Lobsters 2 Pickled Fish 10 Pickled Onions 1 Smoked Fish 9 The new Food and Drugs Act which comes into force in October, 1939, will help us in the control of this type of premises, by requiring registration. The number of inspections made during the year was 508. It is found that where uncleanly conditions exist these are most often remedied after verbal caution. |
102717b0-580f-4f62-98af-73cea7ce8be3 | •(c) Bakehouses.—The large multiple bakeries are gradually eliminating the small baker. There remain eleven bakehouses in the district. It is unfortunate that the present law places the duty of making the bakehouses fit upon the occupier. The small man usually lives a hand-to-mouth existence and cannot meet the cost of the structural alterations which may be required. 129 (c) Food Byelaws.—These Byelaws made under the Barking Corporation Act, 1933 have been found useful in dealing with forecourt traders and market stalls. A street trader, selling fish, was summoned for not conforming to the provisions of Byelaw No. 3 made by the Council under Section 156 of the Barking Corporation Act, 1933. He was fined ten shillings. (e) Unsound Food.—The following list gives particulars of unsound food destroyed during the year:— 12 lbs. Corned Beef. 10 tins Lambs' Tongues. |
7bdb3235-d4d5-4616-8a91-864f99d2a8a0 | 2 tins Tomato Soup. 1 tin Evaporated Milk. 16 Rabbits. A retail grocer was summoned on two informations with respect to the sale of unsound currants. A fine of two pounds was imposed on each information. (3) FOOD POISONING. There were 20 cases of food poisoning notified during the year. We have found the notification of food poisoning a very useful enactment, but I would wish to make it clear it is not to be implied that all cases notified are of necessity cases of food poisoning. The position is that the general practitioner reasonably suspects food poisoning at the time of his examination. An actual decision can only be reached when the case has been notified and the necessary pathological examination has been carried out. I am happy to be able to state that these 20 cases are not representative of any serious situation. Wherever possible specimens are collected and forwarded to Dr. Scott of the Ministry of Health for his observations. |
299201c9-39f6-4ada-b82d-afe13d373b8a | 130 (4) ADULTERATION, ETC. The Food and Drugs (Adulteration) Act, 1928, and kindred Acts and Regulations are administered in this district by the Essex County Council. I am indebted to Mr. A. Horsnell, Chief Food and Drugs Officer for the Metropolitan Area of the Essex County Council, for the particulars of Samples purchased and submitted for analysis during the year. These samples are submitted for chemical examination to Dr. Bernard Dyer, the County Analyst, Great Tower Street, London. The following samples were examined during the year:— Milk 26 Butter 28 Other 160 Total 214 In three cases prosecutions were instituted during the period covered. Two of these were in relation to the sale of fish in the Central Market, Barking, to the prejudice of the purchaser, in which cases your own officers were engaged. For your information I give particulars of samples taken by the Essex County Council in this district since 1931:- Tear. |
0101df37-d0f5-428c-b9f7-836787ed487a | Number of Samples. No. of samples per 1,000 population. 1931 204 4.0 1932 223 3.7 1933 180 2.65 1934 178 2.5 1935 157 2.2 1936 135 1.8 1937 197 2.5 1938 214 2.8 131 The yearly figure since 1932 has fallen to a lower standard than we regard as adequate. (5) CHEMICAL AND BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF FOOD. The bacteriological examination of all milk, icecream and water samples is carried out for this Authority by the Counties' Public Health Laboratories, of 91, Queen Victoria Street, London, whilst the examination of samples of milk for the presence of tubercle is carried out by Dr. S. R. Gloyne, of the Victoria Park Hospital, Hackney. (6) NUTRITION. |
f946e0b4-bd82-4aea-9f4a-3d5a516ddee9 | An adequate diet to the expectant mother is essential and Dr. J. Mervyn Thomas, the Deputy Medical Officer of Health, after consulting other members of my staff, has drawn up a short, informative and concise leaflet upon this subject : this is being made available to expectant mothers. It cannot, however, be said with too great emphasis that it is too late to correct errors of nutrition at the time a woman is found to be pregnant. The most that can be done, in such circumstance, is to reduce the drain such pregnancy would otherwise have upon her physical resources. A woman approaching her confinement is about to undergo a task equal in physical effort, in the demands it makes upon her lungs, heart and other organs, to the effort of a trained woman athlete representing her country in some international games, and the effort demanded of the picked man who is chosen to go on Polar and other hazardous expeditions. |
d48ccc66-acea-4f1d-bc94-2596587f11ae | We know what care is taken to see that these men and women are physically fit before they enter upon the later stages of their training, or before they actually go beyond the 132 reach of ordinary medical care, and it must be obvious that the same care and attention should be taken to see that young married women are fit to undertake the arduous and serious task of child-bearing. Once more I can only say that it is too late to try to build up the physique of a woman when she is already pregnant. Public Health Departments, both central and local, must see that something is done to ensure that all young married women are adequately instructed in matters of diet, have the necessary money to buy the essential constituents of a full and balanced diet, and that steps are taken to see they are brought up in such habits that they balance work, recreation and sleep in such proportions that they may look forward to motherhood with every confidence. 133 SECTION F. PREVALENCE OF, AND CONTROL OVER, INFECTIOUS AND OTHER DISEASES. |
345dc3e7-e6d1-4a8a-99a0-f26791f22e8d | (i) NOTIFIABLE INFECTIOUS DISEASES. The statistical tables in regard to notifiable infectious diseases during the year will be found on pages 134 to 137. There was a slight increase in the number of cases of notifiable disease during the year, when compared with 1937. The number of cases of scarlet fever increased from 245 to 263, and the number of cases of diphtheria from 155 to 164. The type of diphtheria was not of the virulent type known as the gravis type, but it would appear that the incidence of diphtheria itself has increased and this, as it is repeatedly emphasised, can only be overcome by mass immunisation. There were 14 deaths from diphtheria as against 5 for the year 1937. Research work at the Pathological Laboratory with regard to streptococcal infections has been carried on during the year, and there is close co-operation between Dr. |
02868c2e-4773-4e28-9ad2-14cfd6d1349c | F. E. Camps of Chelmsford and ourselves. No report is yet available because the work is still in progress. It is worthy of note that there were only three cases of acute anterior poliomyelitis notified during the year. 134 All of these cases were treated in hospital, two of them being admitted to the Barking Hospital. All the cases recovered satisfactorily. It will be remembered that during 1938 there was a marked incidence of acute anterior poliomyelitis in districts close to Barking, notably the Braintree and the Waltham Abbey areas. (2) NOTIFICATION TABLES. The following table shows the number of notifications of infectious diseases (other than Tuberculosis) received during 1938:— TABLE I. Disease. Males. Females Total. Total cases removed to Hospital. Deaths. Smallpox — — — — — Scarlet Fever 130 133 263 245 — Diphtheria 78 86 164 162 |
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