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4e0924f0-0961-4a7c-a7e1-7a9825604eca | 1942 334 1943 398 1944 153 1945 103 During 1945, 68 cases were removed to hospital. 1 63 (8) WHOOPING COUGH. During 1945, there was a considerable decrease in the incidence of whooping cough. The following table gives the numbers of cases notified during the past four years:— Year Notifications. 1942 290 1943 277 1944 ... |
bdd70746-b62e-4c70-b84c-71ad9bf57cf5 | The following table shows the incidence of measles for the past four years:— Year. Notifications. 1942 1,260 1943 797 1944 151 1945 1,102 64 (10) DIPHTHERIA. During the year there was a slight increase in the number of cases of diphtheria notified. The following table shows the incidence of diphtheria for the past four... |
1c197e32-078f-40c8-be63-2d436d34282d | A similar population estimate of children between the ages of 5 and 14 years is 11,740 and of this total 9,313 were successfully immunised. This means that for 1945, approximately 71 per cent, of the child population of Barking was successfully immunised against diphtheria. Immunisation against whooping cough continued... |
72995b38-dc56-433e-9b59-eb2c425e8cb5 | BARK 40 The HEALTH of BARKING 1946 1946 The Annual Report of the Medical Officer of Health, Borough of Barking: C. LEONARD WILLIAMS, B.Sc., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., D.P.H. BOROUGH OF BARKING THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH 1946 C.LEONARD WILLIAMS, b.sc., m.r.c.s., l.r.c.p., d.p.h. CORPORATION OF BARKING T... |
d4811e38-8140-4983-932e-1bfb15b0d2b5 | Too often the valuable statistical work it is my duty to submit to you, is read only by yourselves and a small number of technical people. There is a very real field of usefulness for an Annual Report amongst members of the public generally and I earnestly trust that my attempt this year to make the report popular will... |
0046b49c-5927-4b81-954a-76937c25d163 | Page Ambulance Service 27 Analgesia in Domiciliary Midwifery 16 Ante-Natal Clinics 15 Barking Hospital 26 Breast Feeding 11 Broncho-Pneumonia 13-14 Chiropody Clinic 21-23 Day Nurseries 17-18 Dental Service 24-25 Ear, Nose and Throat Service 20 General District Nursing 27 Home Helps 27-28 Home Visiting 8-11 Hospital Fac... |
d930186d-6f46-4320-a773-68ecc9549682 | AND CONTROL OVER, INFECTIOUS AND OTHER DISEASES Page Cerebro-Spinal Meningitis 35 Diarrhoea in New Born 38 Diphtheria 29-31 Immunisation 29, 31 Measles 34 Paratyphoid 35 Page Pneumonia 35 Scarlet Fever 32 Tuberculosis 36-37 Typhoid 35 Venereal Diseases 38 Whooping Cough 33 V SECTION D ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SERVICES. Pag... |
ba3f1a7c-c47d-4ce5-b4c3-4dcf09be282d | 1938 49-50 Food Poisoning 49 Graded Milk Licences Granted 48 Housing 44-48 Ice Cream 49-50 Inspection and Supervision of Food 48-50 Loxford Arm 40 Meat 49 Milk Supply 48 Page Post-War Housing 44-47 Public Cleansing 40-41 Rainfall Rats and Mice Destruction Act, 1919 41-42 Refuse Disposal 41 Rehousing Programme 44 River ... |
ce13759b-ff2d-4374-b3a4-45d4f614ae71 | —NEO-NATAL MORTALITY—1946 52 Table IV —COMPARATIVE INFANT MORTALITY RATES 53 APPENDIX B—GENERAL PROVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES FOR THE AREA Table V —NATURE OF ATTENDANCE AT CONFINEMENT 54 Table VI —ORTHOPAEDIC SERVICE—1946 55 Table VII —NEW CASES SEEN BY THE ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEON —1946 55 Table VIII— EAR, |
050d87ff-dfd1-4d56-a67c-994f25aeed04 | NOSE AND THROAT SERVICE 56 Table IX —CHIROPODY SERVICE 57 Table X —SKIN CLINIC 57 Table XI —SCABIES—1946 57 Table XII —OPHTHALMIC SERVICE—Treatment of Defective Vision 58 Table XIII—OPHTHALMIC SERVICE—Squint Training 58 APPENDIX D—ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SERVICES (A) SANITARY INSPECTION 59-60 (B) HOUSING STATISTICS 61-62 ... |
217d0469-a199-4472-b664-96b384b85181 | It is not anticipated that the birth rate will be maintained at its present high level of 20.6. I have no doubt that not only Barking but other towns in the country also, and, indeed, most civilised countries, will be faced with the problem of an increasing number of old people. The expectation of life has increased du... |
a6312057-a118-49bb-9ccc-bc7a231cad60 | I think the Barking population may probably be less affected at the present day, for this reason, that even before the war you had begun to grapple with some aspects of the problem and made a start by providing some variety of houses suitable for old people; further, you have made some provisions for the aged in your f... |
6761e761-1e15-4e67-a51e-42e0ee311693 | Page 2 THE HEALTH OF BARKING It is interesting to speculate on the factors which lead to a high birth rate. Social economists have written extensively on this subject, but there can be no doubt that in addition to the factors which have been discussed by these able economists, fashion has something to do with the birth... |
18c07d58-6a36-4868-8433-e16be9e7811d | In 1945 there were 33 still births in 1,144 total births, whilst in 1946 there were 46 still births in 1,637 total births. This gives a rate of 28.0 still births per 1,000 total births in 1945 and 28.1 in 1946. For comparison the combined England and Wales figure was 28.0 for each year. The problem of still births is b... |
57b75730-abc3-4f85-96f9-048fe2af6752 | Commenting on this latter figure, the Chief Medical Officer of the Ministry of Health remarks that the figure is "most creditable to the maternity services especially when the high pressure on available beds, shortage of staff and difficult conditions generally are considered." Deaths. During the year 601 Barking resid... |
6502f5dc-752b-4ffd-acca-c9b00205c3d8 | Gibbon, the great historian, in his Autobiography, wrote," The death of a new born child before that of its parents may seem an unnatural but it is strictly a probable went; since of any given number the greater part are extinguished before the ninth Page 3 THE HEALTH OF BARKING INFANTILE MORTALITY Page 4 THE HEALTH OF... |
3169bd8f-4b7a-4bd7-ba62-4e9c5c6fff79 | Much remains to be done to discover the fundamental causes of death in infancy: to discover them and to annihilate them. In Appendix A, Tables II and III set out the certified causes of death of these babies and Table IV compares the Infantile Mortality Rates of Barking with those of England and Wale generally and with... |
5ffa0b9c-230f-4c13-8601-b7b86d3f2549 | I have set out the facts in Table II in Appendix A and tried to represent the core of the matter pictorially for I am most anxious to point this out. When the woman (and man) in the street understand these things then fewer babies will die. Social Services. General. Your social services remain unchanged since last year... |
1b933bfc-9024-49cf-8b93-a97ac9e3b593 | The possibility of attaining this idea in a new town is fraught with difficulties but these difficulties can be overcome. The possibility of dividing existing towns into neighbourhood units brings much greater difficulties, difficulties which can only be overcome if we say relentlessly they shall be overcome and are wi... |
1eddd842-3a11-4b92-b679-09168e9d1ea4 | On the other hand, 15,000 represents the largest number of people who can live together to ensure that all the people throughout the area are, in fact, neighbours. If, in a town, units of larger than 15,000 were unfortunately created, I feel sure it will be found that these units naturally split themselves into smaller... |
f26ff795-7b0a-4070-bebf-2385851b6373 | No one could have seen my reports over a number of years without getting the impression that I was extremely unhappy about the travelling facilities to London If balanced industries were set up in these units it would greatly relieve the travelling congestion, do away with much unnecessary fatigue so unpleasant to bear... |
3f63f1e2-0f1b-4858-b57e-beb56e3b29d7 | It is my opinion that an authoritative statement on the question of the standard of nutrition to-day has still to be made. Unfortunately a lot of the statements have occurred in the course of heated debate; even where factual, these have sometimes been open to misinterpretation. There is no doubt in my mind that the fa... |
ee029b15-f2b3-4bcb-b885-50d5033ec8ac | Further, we cannot assume that the nutritional factor is the only factor, because it was known to me by personal contact that people who had to deal with children in large numbers both in the East End of London and in Barking found they had to assess children differently in Barking so far as mental development was conc... |
3aa2673d-2a28-40c7-afe0-8d05857cac58 | It may be interesting to record that some time ago I was called upon to consider the question as to whether women are or are not able to stand the pains of childbirth so well as they could pre-war and I believe this difficult question was submitted to me by reason of the fact some people thought that women were not abl... |
d6da3c81-4914-4825-acf5-7c1c9493995a | Nurses Act, 1943, Part II. No applications have been received under this section of the Nurses Act for licences during 1946. Page 7 THE HEALTH OF BARKING SECTION B. GENERAL PROVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES FOR THE AREA. Infant Welfare. In his Annual Report for the year 1906, Dr. C. F. Fenton, the Medical Officer of Health ... |
2a947a2b-26f5-4bc7-bc26-643127a60e36 | He preferred the idea of a " Lady Inspector " to the alternative of voluntary "Lady Helpers" to "visit the houses" and "advise and help the mothers," for he seemed fearful that it might be "a little difficult to rise above personalities, such as social status." Evidently the good Dr. Fenton knew a thing or two about hu... |
5534b82f-46f4-4fb4-a44f-f7dc5742a23f | Fenton ends his report for 1907 thus, "In conclusion, one feels that to pull down the infantile mortality rate a tough piece of work has to be undertaken, but it we are on the right road, and I believe we are, we shall in time be rewarded by some measure, perhaps a large measure of success." In that year, the Infantile... |
102711e7-274d-4b72-a81a-6a070a3fe2a4 | point was made in the Annual Reports of the fact that model baby clothes were shown to the mothers. “The numbers attending vary from 12 to 20 per week and the institution becomes increasingly popular." By 1911, "from 20 to 25 babies are brought regularly.... to be weighed and interview the Medical Officer or the Woman ... |
15384361-1204-45ee-90da-7a8fd4ad5672 | "A cup of tea is provided for each mother" and, although the report does not mention it, the meeting clearly became an excuse, inter alia, for a good old 'chin wag.' By 1923, there were three flourishing Infant Welfare CentresEast Street, Kennedy Hall and Abbey Road. Today, there are 5 centres for Infant Welfare Clinic... |
b47bcf8c-a21d-4b28-9e18-9eeace917010 | One of the great difficulties is that those mothers who need the advice most do not attend the clinic regularly. Others may come because they "see a doctor for nothing," disclosing by their attitude that they only bring the child to the clinic when it is ill. These mothers do not understand the purpose of the service. ... |
4c5b8d29-4301-4c7b-a1bf-a711c9cded82 | Not only do breast fed infants appear to be markedly less likely to contract infections but if they do the result is less likely to be serious than in bottle fed children. Moreover, psychologists believe that during this period an emotional relationship is built up which may be deeply significant to the child's future ... |
1f82d599-e992-424f-83fc-65fbb4d581a8 | If regular post mortems are carried out then we find that many more deaths are due to infection than we were able to diagnose at the bedside. The majority of these infants who die from infections are born prematurely. It is, therefore, necessary to protect newly born children all we can from infection. The greatest car... |
a4baf099-5c92-4571-b439-4bddbe2e7dbb | Prematurity is the gravest menace of all to the life of an infant and. moreover, stillbirths are about ten times as frequent in premature as in full-time deliveries. What then are the causes of prematurity—that we may avoid them ? Some are due to multiple pregnancy, some to toxaemia of the mother, but the bulk are due ... |
85640ba9-6615-4d52-a070-19f467fe39d4 | It is most important that expectant mothers should take up and drink their cod liver oil and orange juice or vitamin tablets supplied at the clinics and through the Food Office. If not for their own sakes they should do it for the sake of the baby. It is also necessary that children under five should take their's regul... |
ba18bc60-d40c-4e8b-bc0f-fd1100e0cece | Full take-up of these vitamins might have a real effect on prematurity. In some of your clinics, Food Office officials sell cod liver oil and orange juice on the spot, although the transaction must be carried out by means of postage stamps In other clinics, where the Food Office is closer to hand, no such arrangement e... |
5159a335-5d8b-47b8-89d5-039b33d19312 | To deal with this an addition to the birth notification card was made in February, 1945, so that rapid action could be taken in the case of premature births. Not all babies who are born early require to be nursed in hospital. Where home conditions are good they are often better off there. Your Children's Specialist, Dr... |
baa874ad-80f0-43b3-9e6d-b94c8b87a507 | Afto Page 12 THE HEALTH OF BARKING The special nursery for premature babies. much delay the tap was repaired and after this he had nothing but trouble ! In your nursery special care is taken to ensure that the atmosphere is kept moist and warmed. Where possible, we like to take the mother into hospital too. This helps ... |
d6a136fb-c9fe-4777-b7d0-1e2cc06a7562 | As you have seen, pneumonia is a very serious cause of death in infants, causing 21% of all these deaths in 1946. There are special types of pneumonia which are peculiar to the first month of life. The chief of these usually affects lungs which, as a result of birth stress, have not fully opened up with air (atelectasi... |
06bb7ed7-2234-4b9c-af77-483b41394fe9 | When conditions are adverse for the child; when nutrition is poor, or clothing unsuitable ; housing is bad or where there is lack of fresh air and sunlight; or when, above all, proper parental care is lacking, then the child's resistance is lowered and the germs are free to spread and cause pneumonia in the lung. The g... |
3f0b5e8a-2f75-412b-9011-34d25da43a5a | Long before this, the passing of the Midwives Act, 1902, laid a duty on the authorities to control the practice of midwifery; a duty not always easy to perform. "One woman was prosecuted for practising without being registered and was bound over not to practice," wrote the Medical Officer of Health so long ago as 1911.... |
2e37f257-8421-428c-898d-fbfdf078875a | At the very start of her ante-natal care examination is carried out to see whether the future mother's health is sound enough in all respects to carry the extra burden of pregnancy. At the same time steps are taken to ascertain her social circumstances and to decide whether the baby should be born at home or in hospita... |
c0bc4292-291c-4b30-a000-1bdb5c18e46c | Taught, for example, that bathing should not be in water which is too hot; that her teeth need especial care at this time ; that all that is needed for the care of the breasts is that they should be washed daily with the rest of the body; that clothing should be loose and should hang from the shoulders ; that garters s... |
70af4df8-057d-40fa-9379-c02899cd1d13 | I don't mean to say that mothers don't often suffer great pain in childbirth, but this pain is largely due to excessive 'wind up' which makes them clench every muscle in the body and this, of course, prevents the natural passages from opening up and stops the baby being born. Under these circumstances, when the womb is... |
684bb790-aa32-4c5e-ae89-acfe16a62fda | It will be seen that a great advance in painless childbirth can be made by the mothers themselves. Let us then regard it as a social sin, a breach of good manners Page 15 THE HEALTH OF BARKING and an unkindness to tell these harrowing stories and deal with it as such : snub those who start to scare others in this silly... |
fb1ff5e3-c8c9-4333-8443-ce58b284d310 | Ever since Queen Victoria was given chloroform during childbirth, experiments have been made and our store of knowledge has grown but we have not yet found the perfect drug. One of the best measures is to use the Mlnnitt Gas and Air Apparatus. This can be used in the home as well as in hospitals because it is portable ... |
e8865f5a-46e1-4960-aa97-c5b97e8322d9 | Since July, 1946, training in gas and air analgesia is to form part of the training of all midwives. It looks to me as if the policy of the future will be that every birth shall be attended both by the midwife and the doctor. When this policy is fully operative, its wisdom will be tested by the Maternal and Infantile M... |
bffaf6e9-9a36-4ddd-83f5-04d860727c66 | Pregnancy and delivery have been looked upon as normal functions and treated as such save only in those cases where it has been necessary to treat them otherwise by reason of some definite abnormality. So far as I can see the modern tendency, quite apart from recent legislation, has been for this work more and more to ... |
b2b68696-5bc7-42a8-b550-a2a2d3287007 | The fact that sometimes they go wrong no more rakes them otherwise than that the hundred and one other functions of the body which are natural also sometimes go wrong. Day Nurseries. These were set up during the war all over the country in order to release women for industry and it is still the Government's intention t... |
c4a2c2db-44a3-474a-afde-d287b33298a2 | The duties are many and varied and there is the closest co-operation between the local health Page 17 THE HEALTH OF BARKING and welfare services, particularly through the health visitor, who connects the two services with the home. The primary duty of the nurseries is the care of infants and young children while their ... |
cfd404fb-c6c3-4d4d-9259-f01ed42e08f5 | A child that is backward may improve rapidly under expert attention and by mixing with little people in their own familiar world. There are babies who come because of feeding difficulties—a few weeks of carefully measured feeds, given at regular times, and they soon grow into happy, normal healthy babies. The regular r... |
7418bff5-aaa8-4a10-9efa-2aa7154016a0 | Tweenies, aged 2 to 3 years, and Babies, under 2 years, have their own routine and attention, their own rooms, bathrooms, toys, etc., and the daily guidance of a helping nurse. But an important duty of a nursery and one of the most important is very often overlooked. The training of girls in nursery work is a great soc... |
99217eb3-4f75-4339-a8e0-7e75e7827e74 | If a person is so unlucky as to develop acute appendicitis, then the offending organ will be deftly removed and recovery will usually follow uneventfully. But if he suffers from one of those crippling troubles of the joints or muscles which send him to an orthopaedic surgeon the case is very different. Page 18 Canned s... |
f71d7115-a797-4761-8c58-4a45adaaa791 | It was this consideration which led you to decide that the proper solution was to bring the treatment to the patient. This service was started as long ago as 1925. Not only does it serve the children under 5 years and the children 0 school age, but it is available to all Barking residents on the recommendations of thei... |
8bd8e259-7370-4143-bafa-66ab3bdc86ca | With a highly trained and really enthusiastic staff, wonders can be worked on the child with poor posture, chronic bronchitis, bandy or knock knees, or weak feet. You have probably noticed how, a little while after having a baby, a woman's figure often tends to become less shapely. She will carry herself badly and her ... |
bb73531f-f04f-440a-bed5-32b8ce690065 | A. M. A. Moore, has continued to direct the work of this department and we are lucky to have two very skilled physiotherapists to carry out the treatment. Three further physiotherapists are required but it has not been found possible to fill these vacancies, a circumstance which greatly hampers this important service. ... |
76a7ee40-71b8-4f9e-b5bd-30700c405cf4 | School children are treated (including operative treatment) free of charge and there are special rates for cases coming within the ambit of the Maternity and Child Welfare Scheme. The general public are treated under a special Public Scheme. Before the war, arrangements were made to operate on tonsils and adenoids in a... |
1fe692d6-e56d-4f39-8cbc-6652c7faff2e | As a matter of fact these deformities are shocking in every sense of the word ; they not only shock the person who examines the feet but they are a shock to the patient every time he or she puts them on the ground. The trouble is that our boot and shoe manufacturers find themselves constrained to pander to the vanity o... |
1f055670-26cb-4cd1-bc82-1483328acaff | Just as elsewhere I have said that no child in any classroom should be put to sit in a place where you would not put a plant and in this simple way have applied a Page 21 THE HEALTH OF BARKING simple test to an important matter, so I would strive to find some simple way by which the public can decide whether their boot... |
34f6d434-ad13-46c0-ba94-bf2e4e7b13f2 | Space will not allow me to go into this matter in detail, but I should like the public to realize that the treatment given at the clinic is palliative and not curative: the cure depends entirely upon the progressive improvement of the condition, which in turn depends entirely upon the patient giving care and attention ... |
fb99a7ac-52c8-4bb0-b96f-d0ba6bf08dff | Another factor of which we must not lose sight is that although many women are just as heavy as men and are on their feet quite as much, if not more, yet the soles of their shoes are very much thinner and their stockings are very flimsy, so that they have less protection between the ground and the foot and between the ... |
934839d9-9a6f-4178-8dfd-8668a4ce8c6f | Constitutional conditions are often the cause of a weak foot: putting weight on the feet too soon after an illness, long standing when tired or unwell or putting on weight suddenly, are sometimes responsible and again a few words of advice to the public would prevent much suffering. Male foot sufferers are, compared wi... |
77c3c0dc-9123-40d7-b5f8-fb2b230f288e | The activities of the clinic, which is held in the East Street Clinic (behind the Town Hall), are demonstrated in Table IX in Appendix B. Skin Clinic. This clinic was started in 1942 and Dr. Arthur Burrows was soon afterwards appointed as your Specialist Consultant in Skin Diseases. Dr. Burrows holds weekly consultant ... |
fe6a105e-2ea1-42a0-9120-cee4893a871c | After 1919 there was a rapid decrease and scabies, reaching its nadir about 1926, became almost a rare disease, especially in the South of England. About 1930, a rise began, probably largely periodic in character as it was observed in other countries about the same time. Judging by the medical examination of London ele... |
eabbf0d2-3fad-4f2e-bf6b-e382961c4d6a | Where special facilities existed in a Borough for treatment, the Minister permittee the disease to be locally notifiable and this step was taken in Barking. It is not possible, owing to wartime shifts in population to follow the picture of how this general increase affected Barking but it certainly gave rise to a big p... |
47dcf6f1-dd64-4544-9573-ced1b2d66979 | The work of scabies control throughout the year is given in Table XI in Appendix B. Dental Service. Your Dental Service covers treatment, including orthodontic (special corrective treatment of school children, with particular reference to the educational side of this work, of toddlers, expectant and nursing mothers and... |
0fdc6654-5c15-43ee-a6b8-f47294d6bf81 | Page 24 THE HEALTH OF BARKING. There were 4,926 attendances under your Public Adult Scheme, the number in the previous year being 5,957. The number of visits paid under the Maternity and Child Welfare Service was 2,821, as compared with 1,748 in 1945. Ophthalmic Service. I think most would agree that of the sense perce... |
b293df50-89e0-4cb6-abf5-9291e33e9f98 | By means of a synoptophore, a complex and expensive piece of apparatus, the movements of a child's eyes can be trained so that weak muscles are made strong and the squint I corrected. What indian clubs will do for the development of the bicep muscles of I the arms, so will the synoptophore do for weak eye muscles which... |
61c1d911-f0fc-47a6-84ca-831c4cbc1523 | Moreover, their organisation and co-ordination are not satisfactory; a point recognised by the setting up of the new Hospital Regions. Oldchurch County Hospital takes the bulk of our cases, but considerable numbers are admitted to the London Hospital, King George Hospital and other hospitals in London. The difficulty i... |
47e11b19-f085-41b6-ac05-d28849aebf90 | In 1946 attendances at your various clinics and out-patient departments totalled 147,254, which represents an increase of more than 30,000 over the total for 1945 Barking Hospital. Barking Hospital made its debut in 1885 in modest enough fashion for it started as a tent erected, as a temporary measure, for the treatmen... |
e7b23fd7-7b76-40d4-96bc-03f3132b6719 | C. F. Fenton, the Medical Officer of Health, reported that " the cottage at which the nurses are accommodated is scarcely habitable." The 1914-1918 war deferred plans for the erection of a permanent hospital. After the war, the Minister of Health declined to sanction the necessary loan, but, at last, a start was made o... |
ac70b810-308c-40d2-9e72-adbffd58b11c | You started your maternity home in 1918 on humanitarian grounds because there were so many people, particularly towards the end of the war, who simply had not the accommodation at home suitable for confinement. As a matter of fact, as I have written elsewhere, at the start of the war the building which was used previou... |
0219f820-50d1-4b48-b049-fc7b6b74942b | I know of much excellent child welfare work which is carried out in unsuitable converted buildings all over the Page 26 THE HEALTH OF BARKING country, but a maternity unit is particularly dependent, if results are to be uniformly good, upon a building with a first class layout. The danger of infection is always present... |
052f287c-790d-4f92-b28c-a6725b52aef6 | Your ambulance service, for the use of which no charge is made to residents of the Borough, consists of three stretcher ambulances and two sitting case cars. Altogether 9,045 patients were conveyed during the year, representing over 3,000 more than those conveyed during 1945. We have now had two years' experience of th... |
3d2186f3-dd9f-439e-a137-2908df9a9321 | The fact that delay, however, rarely exceeds 30 minutes must be regarded as a compliment to the efficiency of the service, when it is remembered that the vehicles in use have to operate for a full 24 hours each day and havt been in service for many years. With this continuous rise in the number of calls, a point must s... |
2043c363-79f9-44ac-95d3-71a55bede50f | In addition, you decided to retain and extend so far as possible your panel of casual home helps who were prepared to undertake duty as and when required. At the end of 1946, you were employing 5 full-time home helps and you had 7 casual workers on your panel. A total of 73 cases were attended by these home helps durin... |
48b93cd5-7459-40bf-b1d7-72ad19d371ff | DIPHTHERIA. The graph on the opposite page shows strikingly the decline in the incidence of diphtheria from 1928 to 1946 when only 7 notifications were confirmed. One child, who was not immunised, died. Until the beginning of the war, large epidemics would break out at intervals (see 1930—358 cases and 1934—398 cases);... |
7f90fe9b-5052-4bb0-baec-0a9cd1b95628 | Below I have set out the number of cases and deaths in England and Wales from 1940 to 1945 :— 1940 46,281 cases with 2,480 deaths 1941 50,797 cases with 2,641 deaths 1942 41,404 cases with 1,827 deaths 1943 34,662 cases with 1,371 deaths 1944 29,949 cases with 934 deaths !945 18,596 cases with 722 deaths The value of m... |
37eef38a-13d4-477d-871f-afe41c499051 | every 30 deaths, 29 were of unimmunised children, although the total populations of immunised and non-immunised children at risk were roughly equal. The evidence that immunisation is a protection against infection and death is plain."* The first aim was to protect school children but now activity has been switched to i... |
de117bc4-ec29-4683-83c6-c4dfe7aa799b | *0n the State of the Public Health during Six Years of War.—His Majesty's Stationery Office. Page 31 THE HEALTH OF BARKING SCARLET FEVER. The incidence of scarlet fever over the last few years in Barking has followed closely year by year that generally experienced over the whole of the country. It has now become clear ... |
77439f62-f3ac-41f9-8caf-ac5c45d52bcc | This disease became notifiable in 1940. It is, as a disease, rather underrated by the public for it is responsible for a large number of deaths of children under five and unlike most infectious diseases is not uncommonly seen in infants. Protective injections have been given for a number of years against this disease b... |
b45cf7f3-6fa4-41d4-bfc2-0be6cba7dabd | This follow up is desirable because the complications of measles, particularly running ears, can be a serious drag in later life and only energetic measures directed to their :reatment until the patient is quite whole once more can reduce their ill effects. Many Medical Officers of Health suggest that, since it has not... |
d89ead8b-08bd-416c-a123-3c02ce128f06 | PARATYPHOID AND TYPHOID. No cases of paratyphoid were notified in 1946. Only one case of typhoid was notified. The source of the infection could not be traced though at the critical time the patient ate a few ices from 'barrow boys.' CEREBRO SPINAL MENINGITIS. Since the big epidemic, affecting the whole country in 1940... |
3caf1aef-b65a-4883-9510-3b1dbe1fca94 | Below is set out a table of notifications of new cases of tuberculosis in the are during 1946 :— New Cases Notified Pulmonary Non-Pulmonary M. F. M. F. Under 1 year 1 - - - 1 to 5 years 1 — — — 5 to 15 years 2 1 3 2 15 to 25 years 17 15 — 3 25 to 35 years 9 12 2 — 35 to 45 years 12 3 — 1 45 to 55 years 11 3 — 1 55 to 6... |
9a487fd1-890c-460d-87ac-f5bf3f89f54c | In this total is included 27 cases who have removed into the district, and of these cases 3 are old cases returned to Barking. The overall position over the last few years is shown graphically opposite. Of 37 deaths in 1946, 34 were of the lung (pulmonary) and 3 of other parts of the body (non-pulmonary). It is always ... |
28e29171-3745-4dcf-a350-8ae5fe286651 | The use of Mass Miniature Radiography, a means of x-raying chests rapidly and cheaply, if developed and expanded and applied at intervals to the whole of the population would greatly assist in reducing the scourge of this disease. Lesser measures will bring lesser results. Page 36 Page 37 THE HEALTH OF BARKING THE HEAL... |
2bb95494-b132-4e36-a722-1e53d920747e | Some of our own staff were affected and these we examined most carefully, with negative results so far as finding out that there was any particular germ to account for the outbreak. Taking time by the forelock seems to have been of advantage because, although 22 babies were affected, none of these died except one and t... |
fb1ae509-0c33-40a6-8985-a8dd3db582f5 | RAINFALL. The rainfall for the year ended 31st December, 1946, was 24.50 inches, as compared with 17.99 for the previous year. Rain fell on 160 days in the year 1946. WATER SUPPLY. With the building of new dwellings, there has of necessity been an extension of mains during the year of a total length of 2,507 yards. Sam... |
c56f6d3e-afe4-4a53-94d6-0887c35b147e | During the war they were scheduled to provide an alternative supply of water for civil defence needs. DRAINAGE and sewerage. Apart from 8 premises unconnected with the sewer, owing to their remote position, the whole of the district is drained to the Northern Outfall Works of the London County Council. The drainage of ... |
94db3ffe-527d-4d01-911e-b977177ec849 | Our attention has for a number of years been drawn to the operations of a firm of chemical manufacturers, whose premises are situated just over the Borough boundary. It is the practice of this firm to discharge into a pit situated on the site of their premises considerable quantities of their effluent. The site of this... |
0990443c-1df8-4c8e-8c3f-eb838811d044 | Continuously, I call attention to the large area of low-lying land in the Borough which would be made more suitable for use and in some instances reclaimed by major improvements in drainage. PUBLIC CLEANSING. During the year 6,930 loads of refuse were collected with an average v eight of 1.91 tons per load. It is with ... |
e39cd1a6-da91-46fe-8e27-820fb31314eb | On the question of disinfecting dustbins I have advised the Borough Engineer and Surveyor that in my opinion I know of nothing in the realms of preventive medicine, so far as dustbins are concerned, to take the place of thorough cleansing and properly fitting lids, properly applied. Further, as at present advised, I be... |
42f0433b-06fb-4be3-8052-0fd20e6e44bc | will only mitigate the fly menace so long as the dustbin is empty, and I know of no research which has been carried out which will enable me to say that D.D.T. at the bottom of a dustbin would be of any use when it was half full, and, so far as I know, even a quarter full. It is still true that" by fire all things are ... |
9cfc7728-4c48-4f93-b6de-fe310bb3e402 | A further area of land in the vicinity of the present tip at Jenkins Lane is anticipated to be available for the use of the Corporation. The provisions of the Essex County Council Act, 1933, with regard to tips, are in operation. ERADICATION OF BED BUGS. It is pleasing to report that the calls upon the Corporation's se... |
26d146e5-dc9f-48db-a4b4-1e54ef037724 | The national rodent destruction campaign had its inception during the year at 'he instance of the Ministry of Food. In this connection, the Minister called for the co-operation of all local authorities throughout the Country in a well planned Page 41 THE HEALTH OF BARKING vigorous onslaught on the rat population. Your ... |
f00107e6-d5bf-454b-b75f-c8ee369628fc | It is worthy of note that in one instance where it became necessary to open a choked main drain, forty rat carcasses were found to have caused the blockage. Later, the Minister instituted the block control system whereby the whole of the suspected infested areas of the Borough would be covered by a staff of trained ope... |
e033bd5d-4d1c-4da6-9787-70f2aed2f338 | These are the Generating Station of the County of London Electricity Supply Company at Creekmouth and the Beckton Gasworks of the Gas Light and Coke Company. The fact that they are public utility undertakings places their control outside the jurisdiction of the ordinary nuisance statutes and, therefore, any representat... |
6b739b56-2b78-42eb-9e70-7fa86565e2ba | turbo-alternators, together with six 405,000 lbs./hour boilers and ancillary works ; the boilers to be pulverised fuel fired and equipped Page 42 THE HEALTH OF BARKING with electrostatic precipitators to ensure the maximum efficiency of grit extraction from the flue gases. The approximate height of the boiler house wou... |
b48c5237-bc5c-41d6-a569-3bf8fe3a3116 | It is hoped that, when conditions become more settled and staff is available, a special study will be made both as to the quantity of grit deposited in the area and the amount of sulphur dioxide present in the atmosphere. The geographical position of the two stations referred to is on the boundary of the Borough at the... |
3c5e1fbe-4648-412a-b14c-8aa4c37d1dc7 | Prosecutions have not been instituted, because it is felt that most good will be achieved by such practical assistance as referred to above. SANITARY INSPECTION OF THE AREA. It has not yet been possible to carry out the sanitary inspection of the area with the thoroughness of pre-war days. The number of sanitary inspec... |
2783e6a0-00e6-4d69-973d-4e5e9f531978 | Within one year of the end of the war, it was our experience in Barking that our housewives began to expect a return to normality in matters of housing and this is shown in the number of complaints received during the year which were 4,482, as compared with 2,654 for the previous year. Statistics in relation to the wor... |
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