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ea7b1270-52fd-4d7e-8f75-a3e43940d6c7 | Until the next Census figures are published, it is not possible to state exactly what is the number of employees in laundries at the present time, nor the number of married women who are employed. It was the number of married women employed in the laundries which affected our mortality returns, and in the main it was t... |
ea39f070-3969-42b4-839b-54859975720b | But if the ante-natal effect of married female labour is not obvious, the conditions under which the child is brought up as a result do affect the infantile mortality. Want of breast milk, Bronchitis, Pneumonia and Diarrhoeal Diseases have always caused an abnormal infantile mortality in Acton. The laundry industry has... |
0e252b1f-b55a-4cc0-bea9-77e5d9c3814e | In the section on infantile mortality the death-rate from these causes will be referred to, but we should bear in mind that the conditions associated with and assisting in varying degree in the production of excessive infantile mortality are partly social and partly sanitary; and it is easy, according to the point of v... |
9a087d20-a860-4b8f-a11f-cebf20259407 | In the majority of factories, the men were re-instated 8 as they returned, and in most cases the displacement of the women war-workers is complete. Some of the married women have returned to work in the laundries, but the number is probably smaller than it was in the pre-war period, and the total number employed in ext... |
15329812-0fac-4768-a1ae-3e510d05864d | The engineering works in the district employ, including the clerical staff, between 9,000 and 10,000 persons and of these about 1,500 are women. The other industries include a large Dyeing, Bleaching and Cleaning Factory in the Vale, Soap and Perfume Works in the Vale and Chandos Road, Lithographic and Advertising Prin... |
f741af29-1382-4df7-98e3-be7aa59d5781 | The birth-rate, though, is still 2.9 per 1,000 lower than that of the 96 Great Towns and 1.3 per 1,000 lower than that of London. The death-rate, —10.4 per 1,000 inhabitants, is the lowest on record for the district. It is 4.3 per 1,000 lower than that of 1918. It would not be fair to compare the death-rates of 1918 an... |
fb1418de-e10b-42c4-b537-415fcb844668 | The death-rate is 3 per 1,000 lower than that of London and 3.4 per 1,000 lower than that of the 96 Great Towns . On Table 1 is given the death-rate from most of the Zymotic diseases in England and Wales and the different groups of towns, and Acton compares favourable except in deaths from Enteric Fever and Diarrhoeal ... |
23822350-1a0a-467b-9e00-3a6e3b2089f6 | The Extent to which Hospital and other forms of Gratuitous Medical Relief are utilized. 30.3 per cent. of the deaths occurred in Public Institutions. On Tables 1, 5 & 11, is given the number of deaths which occurred in Hospitals and similar institutions. The number of deaths in Public Institutions is lower than that of... |
c3b24a03-6916-479f-9935-7a13fca09b9c | The Notification of Births Act rendered a complete list of the births unnecessary, and the registrar now supplies me only with a list of the births registered but not notified. As a birth has to be notified within 36 hours, and six weeks is allowed before registration must take place, it may happen that the number of n... |
f1a9df34-fbf9-4e84-ac70-36e9327e5141 | On Table 4, the number of births are those registered during the calendar year and are corrected for inward and outward transfers; these numbers differ not only from those on Table 3, but also from the uncorrected registered births compiled locally either for the calendar year or for a period of 52 or 53 weeks. The fig... |
ee4265af-3831-4c8c-b85e-bed30341004e | Illegitimate births numbered 64, compared with 52 in 1918. but the illegitimate birth-rate based upon the total births was only slightly higher, viz.:—58 compared with 57 per 1,000 births in 1918. Infectious Diseases. On Table 9 are given the Notifications of Infectious Diseases 11 received during the year. The outbrea... |
541fb64f-248a-4f06-91bc-79bcb071c5ea | There was an increase in the number of notifications of Scarlet Fever, but there was no death from the disease. Last year was the fourth successive year in which there was no death from Scarlet Fever. In common with many districts in and around London, Acton was visited by a very mild type of disease. So mild has been ... |
58650193-7b26-4e9c-8d61-e935eed1482c | Occasionally, the cases are very infectious, and we have had instances of every child in the family being infected one after the other, and as many as 5 and 6 children have been admitted to the Hospital from the same house. Diphtheria. There were 54 Notifications of Diphtheria, or 8 more than the number received in 191... |
7951d41c-609a-4644-b729-ec05c7e30fd1 | The following 8 years 1900-1907 was a period of minimum prevalence with an average yearly death-rate of .08 per 1,000, followed again by another period of maximum prevalence 1908-1915 with an average yearly death-rate of .187 per 1,000. The last 4 years have had an average death-rate of .046 per 1,000. It is satisfacto... |
d3d98878-9cbd-4c45-b5ae-0d2c199547c7 | Three of the cases had food outside the district, and one of them had partaken of shell-fish before the onset of symptoms. Encephalitis Lethargica. One case occurred, and the patient died of the disease. Infantile Mortality. Seventy-two deaths occurred in children under 1 year of age; this number corresponds to an infa... |
269b6a8f-2b9f-48da-b65f-32254766ac3d | 13 The deaths were distributed as follows:— North-East Ward 9 North-West Ward 8 South-East Ward 21 South-West Ward 34 It has been previously explained-that it is not possible under present conditions to give the ward distribution of the registered births, but based upon the distribution of the births notified and regis... |
edda0cf1-f086-4c67-8668-6887515464a3 | Thirty-five of the deaths or nearly one-half were due to antenatal and natal causes—Prematurity, Atrophy Debility and Marasmus, Injury at birth or Congenital Malformations. Fifteen of the deaths were due to Diarrhoeal Diseases. The improvement in the figures of the South-West Ward has been maintained, and the average m... |
2ea33ba1-dcfb-455f-96d2-4009960d25ac | An arrangement was entered between the Management Committee of the Acton Hospital and the Council, and an Ante-natal Clinic was established in April, 1917, and beds reserved for complicated cases of pregnancy. Dr. Bell was appointed by the Hospital Conmmittee to take charge of the Clinic, and of the in-patients admitte... |
685a34cd-85a9-4ed3-9641-ec00342e5546 | The Clinic is held on alternate Thursday afternoons and as many as 11 expectant mothers have attended on the same afternoon. Four cases were admitted into Hospital from the Clinic. The Clinic_is not as popular as could be wished with Midwives. Possibly, there may be some fear among them that the Clinic might be the mea... |
ea6621b9-30cc-4b66-b62e-a562fe614751 | Amongst other work carried out, the loan of maternity bags was offered by the religious charity organisations, and doctors and 15 midwives fees were wholly or partly paid in cases of distress and necessity. When the Committee was disbanded, the work was carried on by the Health Committee of the Council, and last year 3... |
6bbe1b74-0850-472c-8322-6a2edd4f31bf | A second nurse was appointed to devote herself entirely to school work. At the commencement of 19x9, there were two health visitors and 2 school nurses. During the year a fifth nurse was appointed, partly for school work and partly to carry out and superintend the home nursing of Measles. The home nursing of Measles wa... |
ead3462a-902b-49e3-a4f1-7b9e442a04e5 | It is also certain that less women are now engaged in extradomestic duties than formerly, and instruction in the care of Measles is alone necessary; in most instances the mother can probably do the nursing. Most of the cases of Measles and German Measles notified, were visited, but in no case was any nursing of the hom... |
1e191942-187a-472d-b7ea-575c67d44da0 | From Table 13 it will be seen that a large percentage of the babies do not attend the centres under the age of three months. Most of the homes have been visited, of course, within a few weeks of the birth. But the health visitors do not have the same opportunities of frequently impressing upon the mothers the importanc... |
e80f2222-b863-4bbc-a208-6131e9af7afa | :—that the benefits of breast-feeding are incalculable and that with rare exceptions, every mother is able to rear ifc own infant. During the latter part of the nineteenth century, a decrease appears to have occurred in the amount of breast -feeding, and this was attributed by some to a decrease in the capacity of the ... |
12698c01-5714-4c99-bc07-74a53b0268d8 | Percentage 1919 309 233 74 1918 223 148 67 1917 197 133 68 It is frequently stated that, although lactation may be established, it is not possible to maintain it for the necessary period. This statement has led many persons to the belief that the capacity fjr sustained lactation is decreasing among women. |
624e16b1-5998-4969-988c-e9c1263b6735 | The following figures show the period during which breast-feeding was continued by the mothers attending the centre last year:— Weaned during first month ., - 25 Weaned between 1-2 months 27' Weaned between 2-3 months 18 Weaned between 3-4 months 13 Weaned between 4-5 months 12 Weaned between 5-6 months Weaned between ... |
6235d412-c59a-4ac3-aa52-e914c3b47b09 | It is possible that a decreased flow does occur at this period, but it is not sufficient to justify the weaning of the baby, and a little perseverance would re-instate the function of the mammary glands. Another cause which operates in reducing the period of lactation i|f the too frequent feeding of the baby. Unless th... |
d43e847f-49ff-46f6-8773-122856c4d7e1 | Nine of the others had only a very slight discharge and swelling of the eyelids and all recovered completely; one of them had a consolation prize in the Daily Sketch Baby Competition. There was only one very severe case; both the mother and child were admitted to St. Margaret's Hospital and Iridectomy performed. They w... |
0d624abc-7084-44a3-bd10-88324670c198 | Figures are available of the amount of milk sold in the district each week during January, October, November and December, and also for the weeks ending February 1st, 8th and 15th, August 30th, and September 27th. In these periods there were two abnormal weeks—week ending August 30th, owing to the holidays, and week en... |
bcbc0b0f-b994-415b-a955-a4443c46b371 | " " 15,682 " " 4s. " " " 14,151 We may take another comparison. In January 1919, milk was retailed at 3s. 4d. a gallon and the average weekly consumption was 17,255 gallons; in January 1920, when milk was retailed at 4s. the average weekly consumption was 15,025 gallons. In the five weeks ending January 31st, 1920, 11,... |
63aeea21-4355-4c5d-a77d-b654678da4d8 | It may be of interest to note the amount of milk sold and distributed free at the Infant Centres from April to December' 1919- Month. Average weekly Amount. Sold. Free. ./Month. April 2i5½-lbs. 1½-lbs. 217-lbs. May 180-lbs. 3-lbs. 183-lbs. June 190-lbs. 11½-lbs. 211½.lbs. July 210-lbs. 28-lbs. 238-lbs. August 179-lbs. ... |
2f58c443-a01c-4de2-ba54-1fdf5fbc24b6 | Up to the end of June, the Council issued vouchers to Dairymen for the supply of milk. This was discontinued and dried milk was given instead of liquid milk. In a previous annual report particulars were given of the premises registered as milksellers, and the details have not altered in any material degree. It was then... |
9266e658-d727-40db-9402-81070899599d | Under 10 gallons 13 10-20 gallons 14 20-30 gallons 8 30-40 gallons 4 80-100 gallons 2 100-150 gallons 2 150-300 gallons 7 300-500 gallons 5 500-700 gallons 3 700-1,000 gallons 2 1,000-1,500 gallons 1 1,500-2,000 gallons 2 2,500-2,700 gallons 1 The Ministry of Health desires information of the general adequacy of the ar... |
6b0463b5-538c-4d95-8614-b9a8de9051e6 | The lower the number per head of the population, the better appointed, as far as cleanliness of premises and utensils are the dairymen's premises. There is another aspect to the question; the multiplicity of small premises increases the cost of distribution. In the Winter Prices Order, 1919-1920, the average price to t... |
0d86c809-cdce-41cb-b0ac-43c3c4b7e105 | The milk of Acton could be handled at, and distributed from half-a-dozen premises at the most, and this concentration would probably effect an improvement in the facilities for the handling of the milk. It may be objected that this concentration would eliminate competition. For all practical purposes competition is alr... |
8bf78462-2bd6-4f58-b602-09f75a570c5d | There is no "certified" milk sold in the district; some milk was sold as "nursery" and "invalids" milk in bottles at an enhanced price of one penny a quart. Before the latest Order was passed, in many instances this milk was bottled from the churn in the street. This has now been stopped, but there is no guarantee that... |
ed21525a-add4-4d73-ab51-5dd2b6ae4267 | It is hopeless to expect much improvement though, until some inducement is given to those who produce clean milk of a high quality, and some punishment meted out to those who produce dirty milk which just conforms to the Government standard of fat content. With the exception of the Graded Milk authorised by the Food Co... |
70ef0d60-163b-40ef-839d-56ee1980f98c | and Grade B. pasteurised not more than 100,000 per c.c. Grade C. raw and pasteurised has no bacterial standard, but can only be used for cooking and manufacturing purposes. The Cows from which the milk of Grade A. is obtained must have been tested at least once in the previous year with tuberculin and any tuberculous c... |
bdc27a78-e2bb-4a73-8d4a-ae8a25cb8bf2 | Most of the milk sold in Acton is produced in the counties of Berks, Buckingham, Oxford, Somerset and Wilts. ; the last county is responsible for 18.7 per cent. of the total extreme supply of milk sold in London. Milk (Mothers and Children) Order, 1918. A circular letter was received from the Ministry of Health on the ... |
7e1f5105-e2dd-4a88-a033-6fa9458448bd | 19 1 9 23 Section 1 of the Maternity and Child Welfare Act, 1918, enacts that any local authority within the meaning of the Notification of Births Act, 1907, may make such arrangements as may be sanctioned by the Local Government Board, for attending to the health of expectant mothers and nursing mothers, and of childr... |
2d8e3f1c-1f61-4594-8295-59305b780624 | The quantities of food and milk to be supplied shall not in any case exceed the amount certified to be necessary by the Medical Officer of Health, or the Medical Officer of a Maternity and Child Welfare Centre working in co-operation with the local Authority, or by a person authorised in that behalf by either of such M... |
bd456828-8915-4970-926e-066e1da35d05 | The Local Government Board at the same time (February 1918) made an Order conferring and imposing upon every local authority within the meaning of the Notification of Births Act, 1907, and upon such officers as they may designate or appoint the powers and duties necessary to provide for the due discharge within their d... |
db61476e-9362-4ca6-af4b-10598df20f74 | 21st to Dec. 31st. Jan. to Apr. 3s. 3s. 4d. 3s. 4d. The summer prices of 1919 were reduced per gallon and were as follows:— May and June 2s. 4d. July 2s. 8d. August 2s 8d. September 3s. od. An increase of 4b. was allowed dunng the month of July. This increase in price was granted to the producer to meet the increased c... |
897ca36b-4aec-4d9f-a371-09b093aa5c3e | od. J anuary, February and March, 1920 4s. od. April, 1920. 3s. 8d. The retail prices were made up as follows:— Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. |
e0b07645-8eaf-4497-9b82-2b84912cc828 | Apr Producer's Price 2.2 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.0 2.2 Wholesaler's Margin, including railage 9 7 2 2 2 4 9 Retailers distribution margin 9 9 7 7 7 8 9 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.8 1919 25 The maximum prices to the producers were fixed on the basis that the milk was delivered at the seller's expense to the buyer's premises, o... |
a423522e-ddb6-4f4e-b762-c9a4ae72a4ee | Before the war, the price varied from 4d. to 6d. a quart. The contract price in the Hospital for a twelve-months supply was 10½d. a gallon. The following table shows the average contract prices paid per gallon by the wholesale firms in London in the years 1913, 1914 and 1919:— Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. to... |
b6dfc128-8e80-4205-9b9d-d2469b63cc2b | I have entered fairly fully into the question of prices, because it affects not only the whole aspect of the question of Infant Welfare and the work of this Committee, but also the policy of the Council in respect of the distribution of free milk and milk under cost price. The following table shows the manner in which ... |
492d75fd-3d0f-4568-a59e-8be02f05f86f | 4d. 2s. od. June 2s. 4d. 2s. od. July 3s. od. 2s. 4d. August 2s. 8d. 2s. 4d. September 3s. od. 2s. 4d. October 3s. 8d 3s. od. 2s. 4d. November 4s. od. 3s. & 3s. 4d. 2s. 8d. December 4s. od. 3s. 4d. 2s. 8d. 1919 26 The Local Food Control Committee has protested against the price allowed to the producer, but the only rep... |
49c9b4ff-c108-4266-9715-0bdc746a1469 | Although milk at present prices is not by any means an economical food, it is an essential one for babies, infants, expectant and nursing mothers and invalids. Formerly we were dependent upon fresh milk and condensed milk ; recently enormous strides have been made in the manufacture of dried or powdered milk, and I hop... |
3a13de31-6680-4c8a-861d-71c1085781be | It may be stated that the deciding factor in our attitude was not the advantage of fresh milk in itself, but the possibility that milk in such form would be used by the persons for whom it was intended, and not shared with other members of the family. During the months of October to December, 1918, and the early months... |
37cb0601-4c02-47c6-82ed-78da637ba168 | Its manufacture opens up the possibility of obtaining a clean milk supply in an easier and more practicable manner than by transport of new milk from a great distance. It is only in recent years that commercially successful processes have been brought out for preparing a substance containing only the solids of milk wit... |
4ab2e5d3-8744-49b4-b1e6-d902f38f06b8 | The products now obtained by several processes are sufficiently good to allow the preparation, by mixing the dried milk with warm water, of a fluid bearing a fairly close resemblance to fresh or at least heated milk. Several of the patented processes for making milk powders are comparatively simple, and the plant requi... |
ed6d1ff7-a519-451c-bd23-9ae2289fdcd0 | It is contemplated that the great financial saving in cost of distribution and of transport, and the avoidance of waste, owing to milk going bad, will more than cover the expense of manufacturing processes and that an article will be produced purer, more constant in composition and less liable to contain and convey the... |
cef3e462-1c9d-41b7-a9c9-8e1e3aff213a | Some retailers have already recognised the advantage and the profit of adding reconstituted milk to the fresh milk. One firm of 1919 28 dried milk manufacturers circulated dairymen on the advantages of reconstituted milk, and their letter stated that " as there will, in all probability, be an unprecedented demand for m... |
d2ef361a-2ca0-43fb-b0b1-3030299fbbb0 | As soon as a process was available for producers on a com" mercial scale and at a moderate price, dried milk which on a mixture with water could be reconstituted to a fluid resembling fresh milk, it was perhaps to be expected that certain dairymen would take advantage of it for the purpose of toning milk or for making ... |
244f3cf4-bb5f-42be-a515-4a956360a772 | The separated Dried Milk contains as low as 1% of fat. The Half Cream Milk contains from 12% to 15% of fat. Government Standard Dried Milk was intended to correspond to the 3% presumptive standard of the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries. This Dried Milk would contain about 24% of fat. Full cream milk made from the wh... |
18ce3a3c-8903-4322-ba44-e8f238f64769 | 29 1919 Before deciding upon a preference for Dried Milk to Fresh Milk, the question was viewed from three different aspects:— 1.—Cleanliness and freedom from disease organisms. 2.—Economy. 3.—Suitability for the artificial feeding of infants. 1.—In connection with a product specially intended for the food of infants, ... |
937a55c6-833e-4214-acd5-218cd96c81c3 | Recent examinations though, have shown that in no instance was the sample absolutely sterile, but when these results are compared with milk freshly drawn from the cow and every care and cleanliness have been observed, the high standard of bacterial purity of dried milk is very satisfactory. The number of organisms in e... |
01a6f6a3-355b-448f-8fd1-7603738af664 | They think the capital charges on installation of apparatus and on the provision of a thoroughly sanitary factory coupled with the cost of working apparatus, and the expense of skilled labour to run it, will more than counterbalance any saving on transport and distribution. Evidently, these opinions were formed before ... |
711ef19c-a0d6-47f0-b778-1b29fb33cce2 | Reconstituted on the basis of one part to eight of water, it would correspond to fresh milk at 7d. per quart. In any case at 2s. 4d. a packet, it was considerably cheaper than fresh milk last winter. 3.—As far as we are concerned, suitability in the artificial feeding of infants is the most important point in the use o... |
a7af0524-7df9-40e4-891b-2001ac8f86a0 | There was a tendency to exaggerate the value of certain substitute foods, and this may have conduced to neglect of breast-feeding. There is every reason to hope that this tendency has not only been checked, but a marked increase in the number of nfants who are breast-fed has been noticed. There is a certain number of m... |
d0672d23-3c0b-41f2-b13a-7de72a19d601 | Probably this easier digestibility and also its higher standard of cleanliness account for the comparative freedom from Diarrhoea of children fed on Dried Milk. Babies fed on Dried Milk are not exempt from Diarrhoea, but undoubtedly we had less Diarrhoea during the past summer amongst babies fed on Dried Milk than amon... |
4eca3556-9040-4949-8591-a79fb9b4b9e6 | Recently a good deal has been written upon substances found in food called " vitamines," and in view of the importance of the subject of Dried Milk, experiments have been carried out under the supervision of the Local Government Board, in order to find out whether the vitamines in Fresh Milk are destroyed in the proces... |
5930224a-5c18-4cea-a7ac-4bf2a3541c33 | The Circular strongly urges that adequate steps should be taken by means of hand-bills, or otherwise, to bring to the notice of all expectant and nursing mothers who are likely to be unable to provide sufficient milk for themselves and their children, the facilities provided by the Local Authorities and by other agenci... |
525743ec-4391-4dde-a63c-f0381eedfa73 | The Medical Officer of Health should place before the appropriate Committee of the Local Authority the cases of women and children reported to need additional milk, 32 1919 Milk can best be supplied by the Local Authority through the Centres. The question of the cases in which Milk should be supplied at less than cost ... |
439416ae-cfdd-4489-92a5-2ca015cf1bc9 | 8 of the Circular to the Local Government Board of February 9th, 1918, in which it is suggested that if the Local Authority arranged for a supply of milk by a voluntary agency, the Local Authority should pay the expenditure of the voluntary agency for this purpose, and should apply to the Ministry for a grant in respec... |
29b96383-b56d-43c2-8bec-8d98dc9b477a | 35/- to 40/-. over 3 in family : a pint a day for 2d. 35/- to 40/-. under 3 in family : a pint a day for 3d. 40/- to 45/-. over 3 in family : a pint a day for 4d. Exceptional cases of course, were dealt with as they arose. Under present conditions this scale required revision.. It was certain that many families came ab... |
3e5378a3-6ed4-4308-a033-4528457ffe23 | 40/- to 45/-. (over 3 in family), a pint a day or its equivalent in dried milk for 1d. 40/- to 45/-. (over 3 in family), a pint a day or its equivalent in dried milk for 2d. 45/- to 50/-. (over 3 in family), a pint a day or its equivalent in dried milk for 3d. Exceptional cases to be dealt with as they arise. The follo... |
66e82f47-a8fd-4e92-8966-f0e4fb83ba6e | 55 1219 4 112 28 689 April 46 1,039 4 115 23 583 May 32 658 4 115 14 130 June 22 488 3 69 5 104 1918 at 3d. at 4d. Total Women No of Pints Dec. 1 20 1 2 37 513 1919 Jan. 1 31 — — 60 1,201 Feb. 2 12 1 26 84 1,669 Mar. 2 61 — — 89 2,08l April 2 60 1 22 76 1,819 May 2 6 — — 52 909 June — — — — 30 66l 34 1919 Dried Milk. 1... |
56026610-485e-4dee-abf0-a184657bfd0f | of Women lbs. at 1/- Oct. 5 8 Nov. 8 15 — — — — Dec. 10 20 — — — — 1919 Jan. 11 18 — — — — Feb. 7 15 — — — — Mar. 11 23 — — — — April 6 11 4 8 — — May 5 12 5 22 — — June 21 34 6 29 2 2 July 43 117 4 15 5 14 August 44 167 7 17 4 11 Sept. 43 132 10 25 4 7 Oct. 71 252 6 30 4 6 Nov. 98 294 7 30 3 6 Dec. 102 337 10 53 2 7 O... |
2e56a9d4-a935-44ab-be9a-af28257c603b | No complaints have been received of the manner in which the work is carried out at these premises. Numerous complaints have been received though, about the rubber industry carried on at Agnes Road. Some misapprehension exists as to the definition of an offensive trade and the powers vested in the Council in respect of ... |
e6fcd37d-12c3-43ce-a6e9-6b01a75d8b97 | In relation to a trade other than those expressly mentioned in the section, the question whether the materials and processes are such as to constitute a noxious or offensive business or manufacture, is one which will often be found to require careful consideration. Broadly speaking as a result of legal decisions, in se... |
addb9fdd-e4bb-463e-89eb-a3fcfe7485d8 | Section 51 of that Act provides that the words " any other trade, business or manufacture, which the local authority declare, by order confirmed by the Local Government Board, and published in such a manner as the Board direct, to be an offensive trade," shall be substituted for the words " any other noxious or offensi... |
7e0b18ad-3260-4e39-bc1f-95594800c943 | This, of course would be without prejudice to the Council's powers under the Public Health Acts, and presumably, if the Council made bye-laws which applied to factories, it would also have some power to enforce those bye-laws. 36 1919 In the manufacture of rubber and its products there are at least 6 stages:— 1. Purifi... |
689ecfec-7db5-4923-919d-8963bc2af54c | The impurities in some instances amounted to as high as 10 per cent., but recently the importance of purity in the rubber has become appreciated to such an extent that no purification is carried out in many works in this country. In the Agnes Road Works no purification takes place, and the crude rubber contains less th... |
3aa7d7e1-acf2-46d8-8e3b-5f4ff936e402 | After drying, the rubber is removed to the grinding mills, so that it can be brought into a condition in which it can be mixed with the materials necessary for giving it consistence and any required colour and to prepare it for the subsequent process of vulcanization. Portions of the mixture are placed in buckets and t... |
ea5566b1-a69d-47fa-8626-176ba8963c8f | Vulcanization is carried out in different ways, but in every instance the result is the incorporation of a certain amount of sulphur with the rubber. A physico-chemical combination is obtained composed of the rubber and sulphur. This compound, unlike the raw rubber can be utilized for a variety of articles, because of ... |
115c8476-0bf4-4821-a859-11f3f6a7590f | The rubber after mastication and mixing, has an unpleasant odour, but the odour is too slight to be observed unless a portion of the rubber is handled and sniffed. It is also stated that a trace of sulphuretted hydrogen is liberated in the process of vulcanization, but the amount must be a very minute one, and I was no... |
856f5d31-87e9-4fac-bf1c-be8a2516a725 | Every girl has beside her a small tin of solution, consisting of naphtha containing a small portion of rubber. This solution is applied to the surfaces which are to be united. The brush has to be kept in the solution in order to prevent the bristles becoming " caked " and it is said to be impracticable to cover up the ... |
e0a8d9ab-8baf-43fd-96f5-83eb99d74152 | But it will be evident that the more efficiently and thoroughly the naphtha is removed from the rooms, complaints will be received from the tenants of the neighbouring houses of the offensive smell. As far as I can gather, it is the smell of the naphtha which is the cause of the complaints. It is almost certain that th... |
962c1381-97cc-48dd-9b0d-68d7691ddebb | Some or the inhabitants are also apprehensive of fire, and with an inflamable material like naphtha used, a risk pf fire must always be present. As far as this particular industry is concerned, I understand that all these grievances will be at an end, as a site has been obained at Southall where a new factory will be e... |
6b93f3c3-af71-407f-aabf-89426d6c36e3 | At the end of the report is found a tabular statement in which are given statistics upon the Sanitary Inspection of the District, including Common Lodging Houses, Houses let in Lodgings, &c. Slaughter Houses. There are two registered and one licensed slaughter house in the district. No slaughtering took place in the fo... |
5fef31ff-bdf6-448a-a617-6ac2e41d84f2 | The existing Bye-laws have been found inadequate to deal adequately with the existing conditions, and application is being made for the sanction of new bye-laws under Section 26 of the 1919 Housing Act. General standard of housing in the district. As there is no absolute standard by which we may grade or compare the ho... |
29068c2a-fb9b-4c36-bcc3-a37ee75d9647 | There are half a dozen mews within the district. With the exception of these mews and a few houses, such as those in the Steyne, all the streets are wide and the houses have a garden or yard belonging exclusively to them. In one of the latest books on Housing, a list of the requirements necessary in a healthy dwelling ... |
5aaed779-ff8e-4a0c-88b3-d7088fc89356 | Probably, there are not more than 50 inhabited houses in the district which are not and cannot be made fit for human habitation. As stated on another page, though, according to the best and most recent authorities, there is overcrowding on space in all the wards. Besides although the general structural conditions remai... |
70e5dde9-5b14-441b-a449-59b3915e8274 | 2.—Roofs, rain water gutters, &c., and plastering, &c, repaired. 3-—Drains unstopped, repaired and trapped. 4.—W.C's. repaired, supplied with water or otherwise repaired. 5.—Waste pipes, rain water pipes repaired, disconnected or trapped. 6.—Dampness of walls or ceilings remedied. * Further details as to the number of ... |
29437882-145b-46f5-bdab-40acf47ea87e | under the Housing of the Working Classes Act, 1903, the expression "working class" includes mechanics, artisans, labourers and others working for wages; hawkers, costermongers, persons not working for wages, but working at some trade or handicraft employing others, except members of their own family, and persons other ... |
22f1a765-0179-4d9b-ac37-5d4ae2ecafc5 | A better idea of the class of houses in the district would be had if the rateable value of the houses be taken. At the Census of 1911, there were 9,445 inhabited dwelling houses. and 490 unhabited or a total of 9,935. Between March 31st, 1911, and July 1st, 1914, 442 dwelling houses were built; the total number of dwel... |
0f97621b-84ca-46a6-8b84-28ef77f748b3 | A return was prepared by the Treasurer in 1917, and from this return it is shown that 3,499 houses had a rateable value of less than £12 per annum, and 2,929 houses were assessed between £12 and £20, or a total of 6,428 dwellings were assessed under £20 per annum. The houses asessed under £20 per annum, would contain 2... |
28bfa11a-c757-4b18-96e1-f1a81e74dcde | (c) „ parlour „ „ 2 „ 8s. " 14s. (d) „ ,, „ „ 3 „ 14s. " 18s. (e) „ „ „ „ 4 „ 16s. " 20s. (usually sublet) Population—changes during the year or anticipated in the future. The most important changes during the year resulted from the Armistice. Towards the end of 1918, the National Filling Factory and Small Arms Inspect... |
bec7ba3a-dba8-469e-ade1-c9bf4351c408 | As a result of the Armistice a large reduction occurred in the number of persons employed in factories. During the war, over 20,000 persons were employed in the engineering works, &c., in the district on munitions. The immediate result of the Armistice was a reduction in the number employed in thse factories from 20,00... |
4156f4ed-8e98-4bdc-a083-9d86d8b3a5a0 | In connection with the rest of the kingdom there has been during the past 10 or 15 years a diminishing number of new houses erected annually. Since the commencement of the war practically no new dwelling houses have been erected and until the autumn of 1919, the erection of new dwellings had not commenced. For many yea... |
9080dd66-2625-4ab6-8760-0709648f1340 | Between March 31st, 1911 and June 30th, 1914, 442 dwellings were erected ; 144 between March 31st, 1911 and June 30th, 44 1919 1912, 167 between July 1st, 1912 and June 39th, 1913 and 131 between July 1st, 1913 and June 30th, 1914. The district was certainly not overbuilt in the intercensal period 1901-1911. Apart from... |
d950fb3a-6b86-46e2-b8f8-ada56cf4083a | At the present time, and for the last 3 years, an empty house of average size is unknown. Occasionally, one sees a house of 10 to 14 rooms for sale, but not to let. During spring-cleaning, if the curtains are removed and the blinds drawn, it is necessary to put up a notice that the house is not to let, otherwise, the t... |
1b1f2eaf-0a32-4852-beed-f42486a00fe5 | Percentage Amount 1909 8.41 1910 7.40 1911 6.40 1912 5.34 1913 4.54 1914 4-23 1915 3.20 1916 3.14 1917 2.83 1918 2.60 1919 1.81 1920 1.44 Apart from overcrowding, the absence of empty houses is a matter of great importance to the community, for without a certain percentage of empty houses, it is impossible to remove to... |
1727259b-7914-42d7-8e6e-5d08c43dcd49 | This process has been proceeding in this district for some considerable time. At the Census of 1901, there were 8326 separate occupiers, and in 1911, the number was 12,956, an increase of 4,630, compared with 3,359 new houses built. At the present time more than one half of the houses in the district are occupied by mo... |
2be66c9f-82c4-48b5-95ff-d0211b58918b | Before a single house was ready for occupation nearly 2,500 applications had been received from prospective tenants. Abont 400 of these, though, were from persons residing outside the district. Overcrowding. When we refer to overcrowding, we generally mean the number of individuals which occupy a dwelling house, or in ... |
a544934c-c591-41d8-92f0-e1cf8b2ce599 | On a previous page it was shown that in the North-East Ward there were 15 46 1919 sons to the acre, in the North-West Ward 17, in the South-East 63, and in the South-West Ward 82 persons to the acre..These figures of course, include open spaces, factories, &c. Based upon the standard of overcrowding of houses adopted b... |
8186e89e-68cf-49ba-8095-ebca1bf13a12 | It is usually 500 cubic feet per adult and 250 cubic feet per child under 10 years of age. These standards are excellent and are not vitiated by such errors as the varying size of rooms, &c. But they are impossible of adoption unless a house-to-house inspection be made of every house in the district. The standard of ov... |
9b54a7ed-7df7-434c-badf-89a69cb29410 | Adopting this standard, at the end of 1918, it was found that 238 houses were overcrowded in Acton and it may be interesting to give the streets in which overcrowding occurred, together with the number of houses overcrowded. The figures were as follows:— Acton Lane 9 Avenue Road 1 Beaconsfield Road 1 Berrymead Gardens ... |
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