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Under the circumstances, it would be hardly wise to dwell unduly on the very favourable state of the public health during the year under review. The figures are allowed to speak for themselves. R. J. EWART. The rates for certain diseases in the following tables, are compared with England and Wales, great and small Towns, and London respectively. Barking Town Arban District Council. Public Offices. Barking. Essex. 6 BIRTH RATE, DEATH RATE, AND ANALYSIS OF MORTALITY (Provisional figures. Populations estimated to the middle of 1921 have been used for the purposes of this Table. The mortality rates refer to the whole population as regards England and Wales, but only to civilians as regards London and the groups of towns.) Birth Rate per 1,000 Total Population. Annual Death Rate per 1,000 Population. rate per 1,000 Births. Percentage of Total Deaths. All Causes. Enteric Fever.
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Small Pox. Measles. Scarlet Fever. Whooping Cough. Diphtheria. Influenza. Violence. DiarrhΕ“a & Enteritis (under Two years). Total Deaths under One year. Deaths in Public Institutions. Certified Causes of Death. Inquest Cases. Uncertified Causes of Death. England and Wales 20.6 12.9 0.01 0.00 0.15 0.04 0.16 0.11 0.54 0.44 6.2 77 25.6 92.7 6.2 1.1 105 County Boroughs and Great Towns including London 21.4 13.0 0.01 0.00 0.22 0.05 0.19 0.13 0.56 0.41 7.6 82 32.9 92.
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6 6.7 0.7 155 Smaller Towns (1921 Adjusted Populations 20,000-50,000) 20.5 11.7 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.15 0.09 0.58 0.35 5.6 75 16.9 93.6 5.1 1.3 London 21.0 13.4 0.01 0.00 0.35 0.07 0.25 0.25 0.57 0.45 7.1 74 48.7 92.1 7.8 0.1 BARKING 24.0 9.9 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.05 0.16 0.55 0.38 3.3 55.5 15.
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3 β€” β€” β€” It is seen that the area compares very favourably and the conclusion would appear to be justifiable that each inhabitant enjoys certain benefits not granted to other similarly situated areas. The small proportion of deaths (15.3 per cent.) occurring in institutions and its decrease on previous years, does suggest that some progress had been made in respect to housing conditions and that the standards of life have been maintained. 7 Comparing the town with itself, the following shows much cause for gratification as regards the general death rate and infant mortality, which are the lowest on record. VITAL STATISTICS OF WHOLE DISTRICT FROM 1917 TO 1922. Year. Population estimated to Middle of each Year. Births. Total Deaths Registered in the District. Transferable Deaths. Nett Deaths belonging to the District. Nett. Of Nonresidents registered in the District. Of residents registered out of the District. Under One year of age. At all Ages. Number.
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Rate. Number. Rate. Number. Rate per 1,000 Nett Births. Number. Rate. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1917 32394 758 23.4 520 14.4 β€” 111 89 117.4 631 17.4 36110 1918 31579 728 23.1 542 15.3 β€” 98 60 82.4 640 18.1 35383 1919 33804 815 33.0 277 8.1 β€” 95 54 650 372 11.0 35214 1920 35151 1086 30.9 339 9.6 β€” 110 92 83.0 449 12.6 1921 36250 968 26.0 297 7.
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1 β€” 97 74 74.1 394 10.8 1922 36680 882 24.0 308 8.1 β€” 56 49 55.5 364 9.9 8 NOTIFIABLE DISEASES DURING THE YEAR 1922. The infectious diseases notified in the district are give a in the following tables. The figures are less than in previous years. DISEASE. At all Ages. Total Cases Notified at Ages. Years. Wards. Total Cases Removed to Hospital. North. South. East. West. Under 1 1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-35 35-45 45-65 and over Small Pox β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Diphtheria 51 7 5 7 2
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9 10 11 β€” β€” β€” β€” 4 17 20 10 51 Scarlet Fever 53 2 1 7 β€” 8 17 10 8 β€” β€” β€” 9 13 24 7 49 Erysipelas 36 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 1 5 10 18 5 13 13 5 β€” Enteric Fever 2 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 2 β€” β€” β€” β€” 2 β€” β€” Puerperal Fever 2 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 2 β€” β€” β€” β€” 2 β€” β€” Pneumonia 103 15 13 8 3 4 3 3 8 17 8 21 13 40 30 20 4 Cerebro Spinal Meningitis β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Poliomyelitis β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€”
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β€” Malaria β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Ophthalmia Neonatorum 10 10 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Encephalitis β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Measles 925 70 159 154 117 174 221 15 6 5 4 β€” 116 423 286 100 5 Whooping Cough 83 14 17 19 17 14 β€” β€” β€” β€” 2 β€” 11 23 43 6 β€” Dysentry β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Pulmonary Tuberculosis,
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Male 24 β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” 1 5 7 10 8 2 11 3 5 Female 26 β€” 1 β€” β€” 1 β€” 2 5 7 6 4 5 9 6 6 β€” Non-Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Male 10 β€” β€” β€” 2 β€” 3 1 1 β€” 1 2 β€” 4 4 2 β€” ,, ,, Female 13 β€” 2 1 2 β€” 1 3 2 β€” 1 1 2 5 4 2 β€” Totals 1,338 119 198 196 144 210 255 46 32 43 39 56 173 551 443 161 114 9 During the year (December) the order making Measles and Whooping Cough compulsorily notifiable was rescinded.
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A statement relative to certain facts noticed whilst the disease was officially recognised, is given at the end of the report. OTHER INFECTIOUS DISEASES. Number Notified. Number Visited. Number Treated. Removed to Hospital. Ophthalmia 10 10 β€” β€” Measles 925 925 β€” 5 Whooping Cough 83 83 β€” β€” No. children injected with Whooping Cough Vaccine β€” β€” 10 β€” MEASLES 1922. Notifications in each Week. Week ending Number Notffied. Week ending Number Notified January 7th 2 May 27th 48 β€ž 14th 2 June 3rd 38 , 21st 2 , 10th 11 , 28th 1 , 17th 17 February 4th 2 , 24th 10 , 11th 8 July 1st 8 , 18th 3 ,
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8th 8 β€ž 25th 41 , 15th 6 March 4th 28 , 22nd 6 , 11th 49 , 29th 4 , 18th 47 August 5th 1 β€ž 25th 73 , 12th 3 April 1st 86 , 19th 3 β€ž 8th 102 β€ž 26th 1 , 15th 63 September 2nd 3 , 22nd 72 , 9th 1 , 29th 37 , 16th 1 May 6th 58 October 7th 1 , 13th 44 November 4th 1 , 20th 34 10 TUBERCULOSIS. It is to be noted that out of 38 deaths from Tuberculosis, in eight cases no notification was received. On enquiry it was found that in six instances a change of address or doctor had occurred and no action could be taken.
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In two instances the diagnosis of Tuberculosis was made late in the illness and the practitioner, for obvious reasons, was reluctant to notify. Beyond this, the notifications can be regarded as a fair reflection of the amount of clinically recognisable disease at present in the district. CAUSES OF SICKNESS AND DEATH. The following tables give the actual causes of sickness and death, and in so far as it shows no marked variation from what is to be expected from year to year, comment is unnecessary. The tables give the causes of death and age distribution (the old wards have been retained as being more suitable for statistical purposes though it is doubtful if this sub-grouping is worth while). 11 DEATHS, 1922. ACCORDING TO AGE AND WARD. Causes of Death. M. F. Under 1 1β€”2 2β€”3 3β€”4 4β€”5 5β€”10 10β€”15 15β€”20 20-35 35β€”45 45β€”65 Over
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65 North South East West Total Enteric Fever 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” 1 Small Pox β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Measles 2 1 1 1 β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 2 1 β€” 3 Scarlet Fever 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” 1 Whooping Cough 1 1 1 β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” 1 β€” 2 Diphtheria 3 3 1 3 β€” β€” 2 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 5 1 6 Influenza 11 16 β€” 3 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” 3 2 7 8 3 5 12 8 2 27 Encephalitis lethargica β€”
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β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Meningococcal meningitis β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Tuberculosis 20 13 β€” 1 1 β€” β€” 1 2 2 12 6 7 1 6 7 8 12 33 Other Tubercular Diseases 5 5 β€” 2 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 3 2 2 3 4 3 β€” 10 Cancer, Malignant Disease 21 11 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 3 9 12 8 5 11 12 4 32 Rheumatic Fever 1 4 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 2 2 β€” β€” β€” 1 1 1 2 1 5 Diabetes 1 2 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 1 1 β€” 2 1 β€” β€” 3 Cerebral
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Haemorrhage 8 13 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 6 7 8 4 6 8 3 21 Heart Disease 21 15 β€” β€” 1 β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” 4 5 10 15 6 10 16 4 36 Arterio-sclerosis 1 3 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 4 Bronchitis 18 11 6 2 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 2 β€” 7 11 8 9 5 7 29 Pneumonia fall forms) 14 15 10 8 1 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” 3 2 β€” 4 3 6 8 12 29 Other Respiratory Diseases 3 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 1 2 β€” 2 1 1 4 Ulcer of Stomach or
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Duodenum 4 2 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 3 2 β€” 2 2 2 6 Diarrhoea (under 2 years) 3 1 3 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 2 1 1 4 Appendicitis and Typhlitis β€” 2 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 1 β€” β€” 1 1 β€” 2 Cirrhosis of liver 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” 1 β€” 1 Acute and Chronic Nephritis 11 7 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” 1 2 7 7 5 6 6 1 18 Puerperal Fever β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Other accidents and diseases of pregnancy β€” 2 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 2 β€” β€” 1
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1 β€” β€” 2 Congenital Debility, etc 11 6 17 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 2 7 5 3 17 Suicide 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 1 Other deaths from violence 7 5 3 1 β€” 1 β€” 1 1 β€” 1 1 3 β€” 1 3 7 1 12 Other defined diseases 33 22 7 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 3 3 16 26 13 9 19 14 55 Totals 203 161 49 22 7 3 3 2 7 7 33 51 87 93 67 103 123 71 364 12 INFANT MORTALITY DURING THE YEAR 1922. The following table gives the actual causes of death of children dying under one year of age.
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It is to be observed that the smallness of the number is due to the absence of deaths from diarrhΕ“a. Nett deaths from stated causes at various ages under 1 year. Causes of Death. (All causet certified.) Under 1 week. 1β€”2 weeks. 2β€”3 weeks. 3β€”4 weeks. Total under 4 weeks. 4 weeks and under 3 months. 3 months and under 6 months. 6 months and under 9 months. 9 months and under 12 months. Total under 1 year. Small pox β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Chicken pox β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Measles β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” 1 Scarlet fever β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Whooping cough β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 1 Diphtheria and croup β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” 1
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Erysipelas β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Tubercular meningitis β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Other tubercular diseases β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Meningitis (not tubercular) β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 1 Convulsions β€” β€” 1 β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 Laryngitis β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Bronchitis β€” β€” β€” 1 1 2 1 β€” 2 6 Pneumonia (all forms) β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 3 5 1 10 DiarrhΕ“a β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 3 β€” 3 Enteritis β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Gastritis β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Syphilis β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 Rickets β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Suffocation,
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overlaying β€” β€” 1 β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 Injury at birth β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Atalectasis β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Congenital malformation β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Premature birth 9 β€” 2 β€” 11 β€” β€” β€” β€” 11 Atrophy, debility and marasmus 1 1 β€” β€” 2 β€” β€” β€” β€” 9 Other causes 3 2 2 1 8 β€” β€” 1 1 10 Totals 13 3 6 3 25 3 4 11 6 49 Nett Births in the Year: β€” Legitimate 855 Illegitimate 27 Nett Deaths in the Year: β€” Legitimate 49 Illegitimate β€” 13 SUMMARY OF NURSING ARRANGEMENTS, HOSPITALS & OTHER INSTITUTIONS, AVAILABLE FOR THE DISTRICT. Professional Nursing in the Home.
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A. Generalβ€”A voluntary association (The Plaistow Maternity Charity) has a Branch in the district, and supplies midwives and home nurses, the latter are sent on a requisition from a practitioner. B. Infectious Diseasesβ€”If the staff is available the Council supplies nurses for the home nursing of measles and other infectious diseases on the requisition of a registered practitioner. C. Midwivesβ€”There are five midwives practicing in the district, two of whom are employed by the Council. The work done is given on another page of this report. D. Clinics and Treatment Centresβ€”Three Infants Clinics are held weekly, as follows:β€” Infant Clinics and Work of Health Visitors. Name and Situation. Accommodation. Average Attendance. Times Opened. Provided by.
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Kennedy Hall Gordon Road 2 rooms 20 Monday 2β€”5 Council Clinic East Street 4 rooms 58 Tuesday 2β€”5 ,, Abbey Hall Abbey Road 2 rooms 30 Thursday 2β€”4.30 ,, 14 REPORT FOR THE HOSPITAL FOR THE YEAR 1922. Patients admitted: β€” Diphtheriaβ€”52, including 6 deaths from Cardiac failure, and 3 tracheotomies (all recovered). Scarlet Feverβ€”49, including 1 death (mentally defective). Three return cases of Scarlet Fever. Measlesβ€”5. Phthisisβ€”5 including 1 death. Pneumoniaβ€”4 including 2 deaths. General sicknessβ€”10 including 2 operations. One secondary rise of temperatureβ€”Scarlet fever, nursed in the Ward. One secondary rise of temperatureβ€”Diphtheria, nursed in the Ward. No secondary rises of temperature of cases nursed in the cubicles.
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Duration of stay in hospital compared with previous years: β€” Scarlet Fever. Diphtheria. Year. Days. Days. 1922 37.6 29.9 1921 36.83 30.65 1914 37.26 25.0 1913 37.1 19.5 1912 39.5 41.2 1911 52.44 40.0 15 ANNUAL STATISTICS RELATING TO MATERNITY CASES ADMITTED TO UPNEY HOSPITAL AND ATTENDED ON THE DISTRICT. Hospital. District.
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Total number of cases admitted 114 β€” Average duration of stay 14 days β€” Number of cases deliveredβ€” (a) Midwives 109 152 (b) Doctors 1 9 Number of cases in which medical attention was sought by the midwife with reasons for requiring assistanceβ€” (a) Ante-natal 1 1 (b) During labour 2 6 (c) After labour 1 4 (d) For infant 6 5 Number of cases notified as puerperal sepsis with result of treatment in each case β€” β€” Number of cases in which temperature rose above 100.4 for 24 hours with rise of pulse rate 2 2 Number of cases notified as Ophthalmia Neonatorum, with result of treatment in each case β€” 1 Number of cases of " inflammation of the eyes " however slight 3 – Number of infants not entirely breast-fed while in the institution, with reasons why they were not breast-fed 12 – (Weakness of mother,
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depressed nipples) Number of maternal deaths with causes β€” – Number of foetal deaths (still-born or within ten days of birth) and their causes, and the results of the post-mortem examination, if obtainable: 2 macerated; 1 anencephalus; 2 premature, and 1 heart. 16 CASES OF OPHTHALMIA NEONATORIUM NOTIFIED DURING YEAR 1922. Cases. Vision Unimpaired. Vision Impaired. Total Blindness. Deaths. Notified. Treated. At Home. In Hospital Ophthalmia Neonatorum 10 10 β€” 10 – – – WORK OF HEALTH VISITORS. 1922. 1921.
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Visits to expectant mothers 192 247 Birth notification (first visits) 1,020 974 ,, ,, (visits under 2 years) 2,257 1,944 Visits to children from 2-5 years 1,096 614 Infant mortality visits 52 54 Tuberculosis visits 360 227 Puerperal fever visits 2 β€” Miscellaneous visits 128 114 Further details dealing with Maternity and Child Welfare: β€” BIRTHS AND DEATHS OCCURRING IN EACH AREA OF THE DISTRICT, FOR THE YEAR 1922. North. South. East. West. Total.
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Births notified 193 295 311 107 906 Deaths (under 1 year) Mortality per 1,000 6 16 14 13 49 births notified 31.08 54.2 45.01 121.4 55.5 Notified by the Plaistow Maternity Charity 50 54 68 15 187 The births were notified from the following sources: β€” By Doctors 293 β€ž Council Midwives 161 β€ž Plaistow Maternity Charity 187 β€ž Hospital 114 β€ž Others 151 906 17 GENERAL CONDITIONS INFLUENCING INFANT LIFE AS FOUND BY HEALTH VISITOR. Number Visited. Breast. Artificial Mixed. Cradle Used. Dirty Houses. Mother III. (1922.)
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9 Anaemia 1st visit 1 Breast abscess 1922 1,020 955 44 21 113 40 I 1 Phlebitis 1921 974 784 99 91 177 89 2 Tuberculosis 1 Nephritis 2nd visit 1 Rheumatoid arthritis 1922 233 145 69 19 – – 1 P.P. HΕ“morrhage (died) 1921 173 109 43 21 – – 2 Puerperal fever 3rd visit 1 Bronchitis 1922 71 35 18 18 – – 1 Spinal deformity 1 Ovarian disease. 1921 57 24 23 10 – – 1 Diarrhoea 22 18 SIZE OF TENEMENTS. AND NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS IN SUCH HOUSES, IN WHICH A BIRTH OCCURRED IN 1922. Rooms per Tenement.
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OCCUPANTS PER TENEMENT. Totals. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 1 – 2 75 34 8 1 3 3 – – – – – – – – – 126 2 β€” β€” 70 50 16 11 5 β€” 1 β€” β€” 1 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” 155 3 β€” 1 15 17 24 13 7 8 – – 1 – – – – – – 86 4 β€” β€” 21 47 49 51 37 35 27 21 8 5 4 3 β€” β€” β€” 308 5 β€” 1 2 12 27 18 10 8 13 6 3 4 2 β€” 1 β€” β€” 107 6 β€” β€” 4 9 8 5 5 8
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8 1 1 β€” 1 1 1 β€” β€” 52 7 β€” β€” β€” 2 1 – – – – – – – – – – – – 3 8 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 2 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 2 9 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Totals 4 187 171 133 101 67 62 49 28 13 10 8 4 2 β€” β€” 839 19 STATEMENT DEALING WITH MILK DISTRIBUTION, SUPPLY OF FREE MEALS, AND DOMESTIC ASSISTANCE, DURING THE YEAR 1922. PERIOD. FRESH MILK Supplied Free and at Half-price (per day). DRIED MILK (per week). Pint Free. Pint Half-price 1 lb. Free. 1Β½1bs. Free. 2 lbs. Free.
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3 lbs. Free. lΒ½ lbs. Haft-price. 2lbs. Half-price. 1 month and under 61 3 7 2 21 1 2 8 2 months 65 2 4 3 13 β€” 1 4 3,, 43 1 β€” 5 8 1 β€” 4 4,, 28 1 5 2 7 1 β€” β€” 5,, 17 1 1 1 1 β€” β€” β€” 6,, 16 - 1 1 2 - β€” β€” 7,, 6 - - - - - - β€” 8 β€ž 4 - - - 1 - β€” β€” 9 β€ž 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” - - β€” DINNERS (daily). HOME HELPS. @ 1/4 @ 8d.
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@ 1/- 1 month 13 1 1 For a period of 2 weeks (daily) at 10 - per week 1 2 ,, 8 ,, ,, 2 ,, ,, (free) 1 3 ,, 3 ,, ,, 12,, ,, at 10/- per week 1 4 ,, 1 5 ,, β€” β€” β€” 6 β€ž β€” β€” β€” 20 DISTRIBUTION OF BIRTHS ACCORDING TO MOTHER S AGE. Age of Mother. Babies Born. Deaths. Still Births. Age of Mother. Babies Born. Deaths. Still Births. 17 2 β€” β€” 33 18 1 β€” 18 6 β€” 1 34 32 1 1 19 8 β€” - 35 25 1 1 20 16 1 - 36 31 - 1 21 25 β€” 3 37 20 - β€” 22 46 1 - 38 23
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2 β€” 23 52 β€” - 39 29 - 1 24 57 2 2 40 29 1 2 25 57 3 β€” 41 16 1 - 26 57 2 1 42 13 2 - 27 40 2 1 43 12 2 1 28 47 1 1 44 7 - - 29 43 3 1 45 3 - - 30 46 1 β€” 46 - - - 31 37 1 β€” 47 1 - - 32 31 β€” β€” 48 1 - 1 INFANTILE MORTALITY AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERS OF THE MOTHER. Babies Born. Height. Weight. Intelligence. Tall. Medium. Short. Average & above. Below Average. Average.
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Below Average 255 375 159 714 75 726 63 Deaths. 10 8 9 25 2 20 7 Still Births. 1 9 7 14 3 13 4 Totals 11 17 16 39 5 33 11 Rate per 1.000 Births. 44 45 100 54 62 44 140 The general trend is the same as for previous years. 21 SANITARY ADMINISTRATION. HOUSING CONDITIONS. Statisticsβ€”Year ended December, 1922. I.β€”General:β€” (1) Estimated population36,680 (2) General death-rate 9.9 (3) Death-rate from tuberculosis 0.8 (4) Infantile mortality rate 55.5 (5) Number of dwelling-houses of all classes 7,400 (6) Number of working-class dwelling-houses 7,323 (7) Number of working-class dwelling-houses erected 303 II.
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β€”Unfit dwelling-houses:β€” (1)β€”Inspection: β€” (1) Total number of dwelling-houses inspected for housing defects (under Public Health or Housing Acts) 3,439 (2) Number of dwelling-houses which were inspected and recorded under the Housing (Inspection of District) Regulation, 1910 458 (3) Number of dwelling-houses found to be in a state so dangerous or injurious as to be unfit for human habitation 3 (4) Number of dwelling-houses (exclusive of those referred to under the previous sub-heading) found not to be in all respects reasonably fit for human habitation 204 (2)β€”Remedy of defects without service of formal notice:β€” Number of defective dwelling-houses rendered fit in consequence of informal action by the Local Authority or their officers 1,334 22 (3)β€”Action under Statutory Powers:β€” Aβ€”Proceedings under Section 28 of the Housing Town Planning, etc. Act, 1919.
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(1) Number of dwelling-houses in respect of which notices were served requiring repairs ... ... 204 (2) Number of dwelling-houses which were rendered fit (a) by owners180 (b) by Local Authority in default of owners 1 (3) Number of dwelling-houses in respect of which closing orders became operative in pursuance of declarations by owners of intention to close B.β€”Proceedings under Public Health Acts.
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(1) Number of dwelling-houses in respect of which notices were served requiring defects to be remedied 320 (2) Number of dwelling-houses in which defects were remediedβ€” (a) by owners 294 (b) by Local Authority in default of owners β€” C.β€”Proceedings under Section 17, 18, of the Housing and Town Planning Act, 1909β€” (1) Number of re-presentations made with a view to the making of closing orders 3 (2) Number of dwelling-houses in respect of which closing orders were made 3 (3) Number of dwelling-houses in respect of which closing orders were determined, the house having been rendered fit 1 (4) Number of dwelling-houses in respect of which demolition orders were made β€” (5) Number of dwelling-houses demolished in pursuance of demolition orders β€” 23 SUMMARY of WORK DONE DURING the YEAR 1922.
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Inspections:β€” House to house 458 Complaints 374 Infectious disease 136 Factories and Workshops 263 Schools 122 Cowsheds and Dairies 264 Common Lodging Houses 127 Food Shops 215 Miscellaneous 2,717 Total number of Inspections 4,676 Re-inspections of all kinds 5,765 Preliminary Notices served 1,760 Statutory Notices served 144 Housing and Town Planning Notices 204 Main drains cleared 173 Cess-pools cleared 75 Houses without proper dustbins 176 Houses over-crowded77 Houses stripped and cleansed after infectious diseases 35 24 MEASLES-ORDER OF BIRTH. The following points bearing on the incidences of Measles and its spread are of some interest. The point under investigation is an attempt to measure the relative importance of infection derived from a general source as compared with the chance of one member of a family infecting another. The following tables give the order of birth and age of attack.
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Both records are to some extent incomplete, as the pressure of economic circumstances and increase in parental knowledge prevent medical attention being applied for, as the family gets larger. The economic stress is heavier, the mean size of family is larger, and the mean age of mother at birth is greater in the second than in the first record Further, each case is the first case notified so that each family occurs once only in the record. It is, to be assumed therefore that the chance of family infection will be reduced to a minimum as it must necessarily depend on mild or unrecognisable disease. BIRTH SEQUENCE AND AGE OF ATTACK. MEASLESβ€”1919. Age of Attack. BIRTH SEQUENCE. Totals. 1 a 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 5 3 1 2 - 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” 12 1st year 10 6 1 2 - β€” 1 1 β€” β€” 21 2nd ,
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16 10 5 1 1 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” 34 3rd β€ž 10 13 4 1 3 1 1 β€” β€” β€” 33 4th , 24 6 7 4 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 42 5th, 30 25 21 9 6 5 2 β€” β€” β€” 98 6th β€ž 39 31 18 16 2 β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” 107 7th, 29 16 14 4 1 1 β€” 1 β€” β€” 66 8th β€ž 16 11 2 1 β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” 31 9th,
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7 3 3 1 - - - - - - 14 10th β€ž 5 2 - - - - - - - - 7 11th β€ž 6 1 1 1 - - - - - - 9 12th β€ž 3 3 1 β€” 1 - - - - - 8 13th 5 - - - - - - - - - 5 14th 1 1 - - - - - - - - 2 15th 1 1 - - - - - - - - 2 16th 2 - - - - - - - - - 2 17th β€ž 1 - - - - - - - - - 1 Totals 210 132 78 42 15 9 4 4 β€” β€” 494 + r=.144β€”.034 25 ORDER OF BIRTH AND AGE OF ATTACK. MEASLES-1919. Order of Birth. AGE OF ATTACK.
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Totals. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 8 9 10 11 12 13 14! 15 16 17 18 19 1 5 20 31 26 28 118 120 32 8 1 2 1 6 - 1 1 - - - 1 401 2 6 14 17 12 22 52 64 13 3 2 1 1 - - - - - - - - 207 3 4 13 11 15 25 39 42 10 1 - - - - - 1 - - - 1 β€” 162 4 6 11 9 9 13 27 25 3 β€” β€” β€” 1 1 β€” β€” β€” - β€” β€” β€” 105 5 4 2 5 6 11 14 15 1 - - - - - - -
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- - - - - 58 6 1 5 3 2 4 8 3 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 27 7 3 4 3 2 4 4 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 23 8 2 β€” 1 β€” 2 2 2 β€” β€” β€” β€” 2 β€” β€” - - β€” β€” β€” β€” 11 9 2 1 1 β€” β€” β€” 2 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 7 10 β€” β€” β€” 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 11 β€” 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 12 - - - 2 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 13 1 β€” β€” β€”
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β€” 1 β€” - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 14 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 15 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- 16 - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 Totals 35 71 81 75 110 267 278 62 12 3 3 5 7 β€” 2 1 β€” 1 1 1.014 + Standard Deviation. Standard Deviation.
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r = β€”15912β€”.021 Orderβ€”1.4191 Age=2.747 26 The fact that the later horn are attacked at earlier ages suggests, (a) the existence of a biological differentiation, or* (b) that infection is introduced into the home by an older member of the family suffering from discomfort or showing recognisable signs. A general case might be stated as follows:β€” Let n1 n2 represent individuals, then the whole population consists of n1 + 2 n2 4- 3 n3 +persons. These are exposed to an extra domestic risk. The number of families m1 m2 infected from this source is with 1,2,3 extra domestic cases, the intra domestic cases subsequently arising are functions of m. Hence the total number of cases recorded will be drawn in greater proportions from larger families. To some extent this theorum can be tested by comparing the distribution (a) when the first case is notified and (b) when all cases are notified.
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(Notifications during war period and notifications 1920-1921). The figures are as follows:β€” INCIDENCE OF MEASLES ACCORDING TO SIZE OF FAMILY. Number of occupants. First cases notified each group of occupants counted once only. All cases notified each group of occupants counted according to number of cases. Number of occupants per tenement which contains a child of one year of age. 1 - - 2 2 8 3 5 3 72 44 99 4 129 105 128 5 114 100 128 6 90 96 119 7 68 68 93 8 59 59 77 9 21 20 54 10 10 6 20 11 7 27 23 12 2 3 3 13 3 1 4 14 Totals 1 582 532 757 27 CHILDREN UNDER 14 ONLY. Number in family.
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Counted once only. All cases. 1 124 12 2 175 18 3 142 25 4 81 10 5 33 5 6 14 3 7 9 β€” 8 β€” β€” 9 1 β€” 10 β€” β€” T OTALS 580 73 It is to be observed that when all casss are considered, the larger families are unduly represented but not greatly so. Further, if the distribution of susceptible families is represented by those which contain a child of one year of age, there would seem to be little evidence to believe that large families are unduly fit. The suggestion is that during epidemic periods the dosage is so heavy that the difference depending on intra or extra domestic infection is not sufficient to produce a demonstrable effect. Thus, on these lines, the earlier age of attack of the later bom would seem to depend on biological causes. There is also a heavy error of omission affecting the later born attacked at later ages.
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This point has been dealt with statistically elsewhere. The conclusion would seem to be justifiable that the age of attack of the later birth numbers is more variable, an effect which! may be dependent on parental age at birth. R. J. EWART, M.D., D.Sc., Medical Officer of Health.
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BARK 18 Barking Town Urban District Council. REPORT OF THE Medical Officer of Health AND School Medical Officer For the Year 1924. K. SIMPSON, M.D.. Ch.B., MR.C P., D.P.H. CONTENTS. PAGES Section 1β€”Vital Statistics 8 to 22 Section 2.β€”Infectious Diseases 23 β€ž 40 Section 3.β€”Sanitary Administration 40 ,, 54 Section 4.β€”Maternity and Child Welfare 55 β€ž 71 Section 5.β€”School Medical Service 72 β€ž 106 3 STAFF, 1924. Medical Officer of Health School Medical Officer, Medical Superintendent, Isolation Hospital, and District Tuberculosis Officer : K. SIMPSON. M.D., Ch.B., M.R.C..P., D.P.H. Deputy Medical Officer of Health and Deputy School Medical Officer MURIEL J. LOUGH.
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M B., B.S., B.Sc., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., D.P.H. School Dentist : G. M. HICK, L.D.S.. R.C.S. (Eng.). Sanitary Inspectors : H. WOOD (Chief Sanitary Inspector) (b and c). H. CARR (Sanitary Inspector) (b, c and e). MISS E. PODMORE (Assistant Sanitary Inspector) (b & g). School Nurses : MISS L. F. SWAIN (g & h). MISS S. E. W. GIBSON (i). Health Visitors: MRS. G. STOKES (h). MISS A. C. KEENAN (g, h & f). Matron, Isolation Hospital : MISS M. J. HEDGCOCK (h, i & g). Chief Clerk of Department : E. W. WINCHESTER (a, c & d).
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Disinfector and Mortuary Keeper : H. LONG. (a) Sanitary Inspector's certificate of Sanitary Inspectors' Examination Board. (b) Sanitary Inspector's certificate of Royal Sanitary Institute. (c) Meat, etc., Inspector's certificate of Royal Sanitary Institute. (d) Meat, etc., Inspector's certificate of Sanitary Inspectors' Examination Board. (e) Building Inspector's certificate of Worshipful. Company of Carpenters. (f) Health Visitor's certificate of Royal Sanitary Institute. (g) Certificate of Central Midwives' Board. (h) General Hospital Training. (i) General Fever Training. 5 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH AND SCHOOL MEDICAL OFFICER FOR THE URBAN DISTRICT OF BARKING TOWN, IN THE COUNTY OF ESSEX, FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st DECEMBER, 1924. Public Health Offices, Barking, Essex.
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To the Chairman and Members of the Urban District Council of Barking Town. Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen, In accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Health and Board of Education, I beg to submit my Annual Report on the Public Health and School Medical Services of this district for the year ended 31st December, 1924. According to the Registrar-General's estimate the population of Barking in June, 1924, was 37,890, being an increase of 680 over that of the corresponding period in 1923. The Birth, General Death and Infantile Mortality rates for the year were 22.3, 10.0 and 85.1, showing a percentage decrease of 3.4 in the Birth Rate, and percentage increases of 17.6 and 70.8 in the General Death and Infantile Mortality rates over those of the preceding year.
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A disquieting feature of the period is the inordinarily high mortality rate among children under one year of age, and mainly to be accounted for by deaths from pneumonia and prematurity. During 1924, the Birth, General Death, and infantile Mortality rates for England and Wales were 18.8, 12.2 and 75, and for London, 18.7, 12.1 and 69.
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6 The general death rate being subject to various influencing factors is not perhaps in itself a strict criterion of communal health, so that for comparative purposes certain individual death rates are more important, especially those of Tuberculosis and the Infantile and Zymotic death rates, which were 1.2, 85.1 and 0.95 respectively for the district, compared with 0.7, 52.2 and 0.6. for the Administrative County of Essex, and as regards the Tuberculosis and Infantile Mortality rates of the Country as a whole, 1.05 and 75. The year under review has been one of considerable progress. Increased attendances at the Maternity and Child Welfare and Ante-natal Centres necessitated the provision of extra sessions and the appointment of an additional health visitor, developments which at the time of writing are complete.
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The housing of the working classes continues to present the most engrossing problem, the comparatively large number of houses added by the Council to the district still leaving much of that problem unsolved. Overcrowding was conspicuous in all of the poorer parts of the district, occurring in not a few instances in dwellings practically beyond repair, and did circumstances allow, fit only to be closed. Despite much overcrowding the incidence of infectious disease was low, notifiable infections, exclusive of tuberculosis, numbering 179, and equalling an attack rate of 4.7 per : ,000 population. Marked progress has been the feature of the School Medical Service throughout the year, signalised in but to mention outstanding features, the appointments of full-time dental surgeon and nurse, the complete equipment of the dental clinic, the equipment of premises for the efficient treatment of crippled children by massage, radiant heat and electricity, while a qualified masseuse and orthopa:dic surgeon, Mr.
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B. Whitchurch Howell, F.R.C.S., have been appointed. An efficient cleansing and disinfesting station became available for use early in the year. 7 The number of school children inspected under the three age groups, exclusive of "specials," was 1931, while re-inspections numbered 899, of which number 417 or 46.38 were found to have received treatment. Although 80 to 90 per cent. of children are born healthy, school entrants were found on examination defective to the extent of 34.54 per cent., a circumstance attributable in my opinion in some measure to the still unsatisfactory housing conditions experienced by a large number of the growing population, for whom the curative measures of the School Medical Service now afford the surest hope of building up a stronger and healthier race of men and women. On the whole I am satisfied with the progress made, and tender my thanks and appreciation for your continued confidence and support. I am, Mr.
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Chairman and Gentlemen. Your obedient servant, KERR SIMPSON, Medical Officer of Health and School Medical Officer. 8 SECTION 1 SUMMARY OF PARTICULARS REQUIRED BY CIRCULAR 359 OF THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH, DATED 10th JANUARY, 1923. 1. General Statistics. Area (acres) 4,100 Ward areas 3,806 Tidal Water H.W.M. Thames 240 Roding 58 Loxford Water 2 300 4,106 Population (Census, 1921) 35,543 Population (June, 1924) (Registrar General's estimate) 37,890 Number of inhabited houses (1921) 6,716 Populatior Density, i.e.. No.
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of persons per acre 9.2 Rateable Valueβ€”Houses Β£228,177 10 0 Lands Β£3,182 10 0 Sum represented by a penny rate Β£840 0 0 Education rates :β€” Elementary 3 1 Secondary 5Β½ Assessable Value Β£206,313 0 0 General District Rate 7 0 Poor Rate 9 0 2. Extracts from Vital Statistics for the Year. Births :β€” Males. Females. Total. Birth Rate. Legitimate 417 409 820 21.79 Illegitimate 9 11 20 0.52 Total 420 420 840 22.31 Number of deaths of infants under one year of age :β€” Total Infantile Death Death Males. Females. Total. Rate. Rate.
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Legitimate 47 22 69 83.53 85.1 Illegitimate 2 1 3 150.0 Number of deaths from Measles (ail ages) 14 β€ž ,. Whooping Cough (all ages) 1 β€ž ,, Diarrhoea (under 2 years of age) .... 15 Number of deaths of women during, or in consequence of, childbirth :β€” From Sepsis. From other causes. Total. 1 2 3 Deaths :β€” Male. Female. Total. Death Rate. 211 108 379 10.0 9 x birth rate, death rati;, and analysis or mortai.iia during THE YEAR. Birth Rate per 1,000 Total Population. Annual Death Rate per 1,000 Population. Rate per 1,000 Births. percentage of Totat Deaths. All Causes. Enteric Fever. Small Pox Measles.
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Scarlet Fever. Whooping Cough. Diphtheria. Influenza. Violence. Diarrhoea and Enteritis (under Two years). Total Deaths under One year. Causes of Deaths Cer. tified by Registered Medical Practitioners Inquest Cases. Uncertified Causes of Death. England and Wales 18.8 12.2 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.02 0.10 0.00 0.49 0.44 7.3 75 92.3 0.0 l.1 105 County Boroughs and Great Towns including London . 19.4 12.3 0.01 0.00 0.18 0.03 0.12 0.08 0.45 0.40 9.2 80 92.5 0.9 0.
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0 157 Smaller Towns (1021 Adjusted Populations 20,000 50,000) 18.9 11.2 0.01 0.00 0.08 0.02 0.09 0.06 0.50 0.36 6.2 71 93.3 5.5 1.2 London 18.7 12.1 0.01 β€” 0.29 0.03 0.11 0.12 0.30 0.44 8.4 69 91.3 8.0 0.1 BARKING 22.3 10.0 β€” β€” 0.36 β€” 0.10 0.07 0.42 0.30 17.7 85.1 92.1 7.9 β€” 10 VITAL STATISTICS OF WHOLE DISTRICT FROM 1019 to 192-1. Year.
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Popula- tion estimated to Middle of each Year Births. Total Deaths Registered in the District. Transferable Deaths Nett Deaths belonging to the District. Nett. Number. Rate. On Nonresidents registered in the District. Of residents registered out of the District. Under One year of age. At all Ages. Number. Kate. Number. Rate per 1,000 Nett Births. Number. Rate. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1919 33,804 815 33.0 277 8.1 β€” 95 54 65.0 372 11.0 35,214 1920 35,151 1,086 30.9 339 9.6 β€” 110 92 83.0 449 12.6 1921 36,250 968 26.
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0 297 7.1 β€” 97 74 74.1 394 10.8 1922 36,680 882 24.0 308 8.1 β€” 56 49 55.5 364 9.9 1923 37,210 862 23.1 234 6.2 5 86 *43 *49.8 *318 *8.5 1924 37,890 846 22.3 273 7.2 3 109 72 85.1 379 10.0 * Registrar General's Figures. 11 5. CAUSES OF SICKNESS. No special causes of sickness fall to be discussed. 6. SUMMARY (FOR REFERENCE) OF NURSING ARRANGEMENTS, HOSPITALS, AND OTHER INSTITUTIONS AVAILABLE FOR THE DISTRICT. (a) Nursing in the Home.
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(i) The Plaistow Maternity Charity provide a staff of nurses, who attend at the homes of the sick once or twice a day, carry out such skilled nursing as is required, and offer instructions where advisable in hygienic home practices in relation to the sick. (ii) For infectious diseases. In the event of an epidemic, the Council can provide nurses for such cases as may require to be nursed in their own homes. Of late years this has not been necessary. No other provision of home nursing is carried out by the Department, but Health Visitors and School Nurses regularly advise parents as to the nursing and general care of children. (b) District Midwiferv Provision. By agreement dated January 1st, 1924, with the Plaistow Maternity Charity, the Council subsidise the Charity on any deficit from Β£300 in respect of 300 District Midwifery cases attended by the Charity reckoned at the rate of Β£1 per case.
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The takings of the Charity for the year amounted to Β£248, leaving a balance due to the Charity from the Council of Β£5l 13s. 6d., such sum ranking for grant. 12 (c) CLINIC AND TREATMENT CENTRES. Name and Situation. Nature of Accommodation. By Whom Provided. I. Maternity and Child Welfare :β€” (a) Centres Clinic premises, East Street. Accommodation for consultations, weighing of babies, waiting room, etc. Local Authority. Kennedy Hall, Gordon Road. ,, ,, ,, ,, Abbey Hall, Abbey Road. ,, ,, ,, ,, (b) Ante-natal clinic Clinic premises, Accommodation for consultations. ,, ,, (c) School Nurseries Nil. Nil. Nil. (d) Dav Nurseries Nil. Nil. Nil. II. School Medical Service :β€” (a) Inspection Clinic and treatment of minor ailments Clinic premises, East Street.
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Three rooms. Local Authority. (b) Eye Clinic ,, ,, One room. ,, ,, (c) Dental Clinic ,, ,, Two rooms. ,, ,, III. Tuberculosis 37, Linton Road. Three rooms. Essex County Council. IV. Venereal Diseases London Hospitals, etc. β€” By arrangement with Essex County Council. 13 (d) Hospitals provided or subsidised by the Local Authority : (i) Smallpox.β€”An arrangement exists with the neighbouring County Borough of West Ham whereby an unlimited number of beds are available at Dagenham for the reception and treatment of cases of smallpox which may occur in the Barking area. (ii) The only hospital provided by the Local Authority is that for the isolation and treatment of infectious diseases situated in Upney Lane, where 40 beds are available for such cases. Twelve additional beds are available for maternity cases in a separate portion of the hospital buildings.
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(e) Ambulance Facilities :β€” (i) A horse ambulance is provided for the removal of infectious cases to the Isolation Hospital, Upney Lane. (ii) For non-infectious and accident cases, two motor ambulances are kept at the Fire Station, the ambulance and fire services being run in conjunction under the Chief Fire Officer. 7. LABORATORY WORK. The necessary laboratory work of the district is carried out by arrangement with the Essex County Council at the Counties' Laboratory, situated in Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.L 8. List of Adoptive Acts, Byelaws, and Local Regulations relating to Public Health in force within the district. (i) Local Acts : Barking Town Wharf Act, 1893, Barking Parish Act, 1888. (ii) General Adoptive Acts : Local Government and other Officers' Superannuation Act, 1922. Public Health Acts Amendment Act, 1890, Parts 2, 3 and 5.
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14 Baths and Washhouses Acts, 1847, etc. Infectious Diseases (Prevention) Act, 1890. Public Health Acts Amendment Act, 1907, Parts 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 9, and Section 95 of Part 10. (iii) Regulations : Regulations as to Dairies, Cowsheds and Milkshops, 1900 (revised 1924). Regulations as to Cemetery, 1902. (iv) Byelaws with respect to : Nuisances, 1884. Common Lodging Houses, 1884. Offensive Trades, 1907 (revised 1924). Houses let in lodgings, or occupied by members of more than one family, 1924. Public Baths, 1900. Tents, Vans, Sheds and similar structures, 1909. Paving of Open Spaces, 1901.
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Nuisances in connection with the removal of offensive matter, 1908. Employment of Children and Young Persons, 1920. (v) Special Acts and Orders : Among the Special Acts and Orders in force within the district, and important from a Public Health standpoint, are :β€” 1910.β€”Orders declaring the trades of fish-skin scraper, fish fryer, dealer by retail in rags, bones, skins, fat or other like articles in an offensive condition, blood drier, tanner, leather dresser, fat melter or fat extractor, glue maker, size maker, and gut scraper, to be offensive trades. 1924.β€”The Barking Town (Pneumonia) Regulations. 15 9. DEATHS. There were 273 deaths registered in Barking in 1924. Of these, 3 were deaths of non-residents. Barking residents to the .umber of 109 died elsewhere during the year.
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Including the '.titer and excluding the deaths of visitors, the net number of deaths were as follows :β€” Males. Females. Total. 211 168 379 The death rate for 1924 was 10.0 per 1,000, compared with 8.5 in 1923, calculated on the Registrar-General's estimated population and number of deaths, compared with 12.2 for England and Wales, 12.3 for the hundred and five Great Towns, 12.1 for London, and 11.2 for the hundred and fifty-seven Smaller Towns. Sex Mortality.β€”The 379 deaths of 1924 were divided as follows:β€” 211 males, equal to a death rate of 4.4 per 1,000 population. 168 females, equal to a death rate of 5.5 per 1,000 population.
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Age Mortality.β€”The deaths in various age groups, according to the figures obtained locally, were as follows:β€” Age of Group. No. of Deaths. Death Rate per 1,000 Population. Under 1 year 72 1.90 1 to 2 years 15 0.39 2 to 5 years 16 0.42 5 to 15 years 13 0.34 15 to 25 years 23 0.60 25 to 45 years 45 1.18 45 to 65 years 83 2.19 Over 65years 112 2.95 Causes of death in 1924.β€”The table on page 18 shows the Principal causes of death at various ages. Those diseases, etc., 16 causing most deaths or important from a Public Health aspect were as follows :β€” Disease. No. of Deaths. Percentage of total net deaths registered.
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Cardio-vascular system 43 11.34 Cancer 32 8.44 Tuberculosis (all forms) 39 10.29 Pulmonary affections, (exclusive of tuberculosis), viz. : Bronchitis 29 7.65 Pneumonia 34 8.97 Other respiratory disease 3 0.79 Zvmotic Diseases 36 9.49 Of the total deaths, tuberculosis caused one in every 9.7, heart disease one in every 8.8, bronchitis one in every 13.0, cancer one in every 11.8, pneumonia one in every 11.1, suicide and violence one in every 27.1, other respiratory diseases one in every 126.3, and zymotic diseases one in every 10.5.
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Deaths from Zymotic Diseases.β€”These diseases caused 9.49 per cent, of the total deaths, such deaths being caused i:i the following proportions :β€” Enteric fever Measles 3.69 Whooping Cough 1.05 Scarlet Fever β€” Diphtheria 0.79 DiarrhΕ“a 3.95 Smallpox β€” 17 INOUESTS.β€”Coroner's inquests were held on 30 deaths. The ages at death and causes assigned were as follows: Couses of Death. under one year. 1-2 years. 2-5 years. 5-15 years. 15-25 years. 25-45 years. 45-65 years. Over 65 years Total Accidental Cause 2 1 1 3 2 2 - 1 12 Rupture of gastric ulcer (general peritonitis) - - - - - 1 - - 1 Suicide - - - - - 1 1 -
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2 Misadventure - - - - - - 2 - 2 Pneumoccal infectionseptic miscarriage— general peritonitis - - - - - 1 — - 1 Heart Disease — - — — - — 2 3 5 Atelectasis 1 - - - - - - - 1 Tubercular Meningitis - 1 - - - — — — 1 Pneumonia 1 — — - _ — — — 1 Cirrhosis of Liver - - — — — — — l 1 shoock of hænorrhage from stomach rupture of Wood vessel in stomach - - - - - - - l 1 Status Epilepticus - - - 1 - — — - 1 Exhaustion (gangrene of lung) - — _ - - 1 - - 1 Totals 4 2 1 4 2 6 5 6 30 13 CAUSES OF AND AGES OF DEATH
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DURIXG YEAR, 1024. (Nett Deaths.) Causes of Death. Deaths at the subjoined ages of " Residents " whether occurring in or beyond the district. All ages Under one year 1 and under 5 5 and under 15 15 and under 25 25 and under 45 45 and under 05 05 and upwards Encephalitis Lethargica 2 - - β€” 1 - 1 - influenza 16 3 1 - 1 3 3 5 Scarlet Fever β€” β€” β€” - - β€” - - Small Pox β€” - - - - - - - Measles 14 4 8 2 - - - - Whooping Cough 4 1 3 - - - β€” - Epidemic Influenza β€” - - - - - - - Diarrhoea and Enteritis (under 2) 15 12 3 - - - - - Diphtheria 3 β€” 1
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1 1 - - - Enteric Fever β€” β€” β€” - - - - - Puerperal Fever 1 - β€” - - - - - Phthisis (Pulmonary Tuberculosis) 35 β€” 2 β€” 9 14 9 1 Other Tubercular Diseases 4 β€” 2 1 1 β€” β€” - Cancer, Malignant Disease 32 β€” β€” β€” 1 2 19 10 Bronchitis 29 4 β€” β€” β€” 1 8 10 Pneumonia 34 13 7 β€” 2 1 9 2 Other Respiratory Diseases 3 1 β€” 1 β€” 1 β€” β€” Alcoholism (Cirrhosis of Liver) 3 β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” 2 Premature Birth, Malformation and Debility 24 24 - - - - Accidents 12 2 2 3 2 2 β€” 1 Suicides 2 β€” β€” β€” 1 1 β€” Rheumatic Fever
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2 β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” 1 Diabetes 2 β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” 1 Cerebral Hemorrhage 22 1 β€” β€” 4 5 12 Heart Disease 43 β€” β€” - 1 4 9 29 Arterio-Sclerosis 4 β€” β€” - β€” β€” β€” 4 Ulcer of stomach or duodenum 3 β€” β€” β€” 3 β€” β€” Appendicitis ^nd typhlites 4 β€” β€” 1 1 1 1 β€” Acutc and Chronic Nephritis 9 β€” β€” β€” 1 2 3 3 Other accidents and diseases of pregnancy and parturition 2 _ 2 Other defined diseases 55 7 2 3 1 2 15 25 Causes ill-defined or unknown β€” - β€” β€” - β€” β€” Totals 379 72 31 13 23 45 38 112 19 INFANT MORTALITY DURING THE YEAR 1924.
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The following table gives the actual causes of death of children dying under one year of age. Net deaths from stated causes at various ages under one year:β€” Causes of Death. (.All causes certified.) Under 1 week. 1β€”2 weeks. 2β€”3 weejvs. 3β€”4 weeks. Total under 4 weeks. 4 weeks and under 3 months. 3 months and under ti months. (> months and under 9 months. 9 month? and under 12 months. Total under one year. Small Pox - - - - - - - - - - Chicken Pox - - - - - - - - - - Measles - - - 1 1 - - 2 1 4 Scarlet Fever - - - - - - - - - - Whooping Cough - - - - - 1 - - - 1 Diphtheria and Croup - - - - - - - - - - Erysipelas
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- - - - - 1 - - - 1 Tubercular Meningitis - - - - - - - - - - Other Tuburcular diseases - - - - - - - - - - Meningitis (not tubercular) - - - - - - - - - - Convulsions 1 - - - 1 - 1 - - 2 Laryngitis - - - - - - - - - - Bronchitis - - - - - 3 1 - - 4 Pneumonia (all forms) - - - 1 1 1 5 2 4 13 DiarrhΕ“a - - - - - 3 4 2 3 12 Gaslritis - - - - - - - - - - Syphilis - - - - - - - - - - Rickets - - - - - - - - - β€” Suffocation,
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overlaying - - - - - - - - - - Injury at birth - - - - - - - - - - Atelectasis 4 - - - 4 - - - - 4 Congenital malformation - - 2 - 2 1 - - - 3 Premature Birth 13 3 2 1 19 - - - - 19 Atrophy, debility and Marasmus - - - - 1 - 1 2 Other causes 1 1 1 - 3 1 1 - 2 7 Totals 19 4 5 3 31 12 12 7 10 72 Nett Uirths in the year :β€” Legitimate 826 Illegitimate 20 Nett Deaths in the year Legitimate 09 Illegitimate 3 20 10. MARRIAGES. There were 208 marriages registered in the district in 1021.
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This is a marriage rate of 5.1 per 1,000. In 1022 there were 208 marriages, equal to a rate of 5.6. and in 1023 210 marriages, equal to a rate of 5.9 per 1,000. 11. BIRTHS. The nett number of births registered in 1021 was 846, affording an annual birth rate of 22.3 per 1.000 population, compared with 21.0 in 1022 and 23.1 in 1923. Of all births. 2ft were illegitimate, or a proportion to total births of 2.3 per cent. Notification of Births Act, 1907-1915. -Of the total births registered in the district during 1021, all except 32, or 3.7 per cent.
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of the total, were notified to the Medical Officer of Health, 596 being notified by midwives and 233 by parents and doctors; 13 still-births were notified, 0 being notified by midwives and 4 by doctors. 12. SANITARY CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DISTRICT. (a) Water Supply; Vide Annual Report, 1023. (b) Rivers and Streams. Vide Annual Report, 1923. (c) Rainfall.β€”The rainfall for the year ended 31st March, 1924. was 32.85 inches. Rain fell on 170 days throughout the period in question. (d) Sewage : Vide Annual Report. 1023. (e) Scavenging : Vide Annual Report, 1923. 21 (!) Housing: 1. GENERAL.
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Number of new houses erected during the year :β€” (i) Total 173 (ii) As part of a municipal housing scheme 92 (iii) Others (including- private enterprise) 81 2. UNFIT DWELLING HOUSES. I.β€”Inspection. (i) Total number of dwelling houses inspected for housing defects (under Public Health or Housing Acts) 2,367 (ii) Number of dwelling houses which were inspected and recorded under the Housing (Inspection of District) Regulations,. 1910 837 (iii) Number of dwelling houses found to be in a state so dangerous or injurious to health as to be unlit for human habitation 9 (iv) Number of dwelling houses (exclusive of those referred to under the preceding sub-heading) found not to be in all respects reasonably fit for human habitation 1,700 II.β€”Remedy of Defects without Service of Formal Notices.
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Number of defective dwelling houses rendered fit in consequence of informal action by the Local Authority or their officers 1,305 III.β€”Action under Statutory Powers. Vβ€”Proceedings under Section 28 of the Housing, Town Planning, etc., Act, 1919 :β€” (i) Number of dwelling houses in respect of which notices were served requiring repairs 28 22 (ii) Number of dwelling houses which were fitβ€” (a) by owners 25 (b) by Local Authority in default of owners 3 (iii) Number of dwelling houses in respcct of which Closing Orders became operative in pursuance of declarations of owners of intention to close 9 B.β€”Proceedings under Public Health Act.
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(i) Number of dwelling houses in respect of which notices were served requiring defects to be remedied 367 (ii) Number of dwelling houses in which defects were remedied:β€” (a) by owners 367 (b) by Local Authority in default of owners- C.β€”Proceedings under Sections 17 and 18 of the Housing, Town Planning, etc., Act, 1909:β€” (i) Number of representations made with a view to the making of Closing Orders β€” (ii) Number of dwelling houses in respect of which Closing Orders were made- (iii) Number of dwelling houses in respect of which Closing Orders were determined, the dwelling houses having been rendered fit- (iv) Number of dwelling houses in respect of which Demolition Orders were made- (v) Number of dwelling houses demolished in pursuance of Demolition Orders- 23 SECTION 2 (1) NOTIFIABLE INFECTIOUS DISEASES.
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The following table shows the number of notifications of infectious disease received during 1921 TABLE 1. Males. Females. Total Total eases rem'd to HoS. Deaths. Scarlet Fever 17 23 40 34 β€” Diphtheria 25 25 50 45 3* Puerperal Septicemia β€” 3 3 - 1 Pneumonia (Acute primary and influenzal) 35 20 55 3 34 (All Forms) Erysipelas 12 6 18 1 - Ophthalmia Neonatorum 4 3 7 β€” - Encephalitis Lethargica 2 2 4 1 2 Enteric - 1 1 β€” β€” Cerebro Spinal Fever 1 - 1 β€” 1 Totals 96 83 179 84 41 *Includes the death of a Barking resident which occurred in an institution outside the district.
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The following diseases were notifiable in 1921 under the original Infectious Disease (Notification) Acts 1889 and 1899 :β€” Smallpox, diphtheria, relapsing fever, cholera, erysipelas, typhus, plague, puerperal fever, enteric fever, scarlet fever and continued fever. 21 and by Orders or regulations framed under Section 180, Public Health Act, 1875 :β€” Tuberculosis (all forms), ophthalmia neonatorum, cerebrospinal fever, acutc polio-myelitis, encephalitis letharyica, influenzal pneumonia, malaria, dysentery, trench fever, and acute primary pneumonia. The Barking Town (Pneumonia) Regulations, 1924, provides for the notification of Pneumonia supervening upon Measles. The total notifications of infectious disease numbered 179, exclusive of tuberculosis, compared with 190 the previous year.
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During 1923 the number of notifications of tuberculosis (all forms) was 81, while in 1921 the number was 97. 25 TABLE XI. Notifiable Disease. at all ages. Xo. of cases notified at ages. Cases classified according to Wards. Under 1 year. 1β€”5 5β€”15 15β€”25 25-45 45β€”65 05 and over. Abbey. Gascoigne. Longbridge. Ripple. Westbury. Central. Scarlet Fever 40 β€” 7 33 β€” β€” β€” β€” 9 10 9 6 3 3 Diphtheria 50 β€” 17 26 3 4 β€” β€” 9 8 16 5 7 5 Puerperal Septicemia 3 β€” β€” β€” I 2 β€” β€” 2 β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” Pneumonia (primary and inHuenzal)
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55 7 19 4 7 4 12 2 27 6 5 2 3 12 Ervsipelas 18 β€” β€” β€” 2 8 7 1 5 3 3 1 4 2 Ophthalmia Neonatorum 7 7 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 3 1 2 1 β€” Encephalitis Lethargica 4 β€” β€” 3 1 β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” 2 1 Enteric 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 Cerebro Spinal Fever 1 β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” 1 β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Totals 179 14 43 64 16 19 20 3 54 30 34 16 21 24 26 TABLE III. Monthly summary of notifications of infectious disease :β€” Month. Scarlet Fever. Diphtheria.
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Puerperal Fever. Pneumonia. Erysipelas. Ophthal ma Neonatorum. Enteric Fever. Cerebro Spinai Menirjitis. Encephalitis Lethargica. Totals. January 1 2 - 12 3 β€” 1 - - 19 February 1 4 β€” 9 2 - - - - 16 March 1 5 β€” 2 2 1 - 1 - 12 April 5 3 β€” 1 1 2 - - 1 13 May β€” 5 1 1 4 β€” - - 1 12 J une 2 4 β€” 1 β€” 1 - - β€” 8 July 3 6 β€” 1 β€” β€” - - 1 11 August 2 3 β€” 3 1 β€” - - 1 10 September 6 4 1 2 1 β€” - - β€” 14 October
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12 8 β€” 5 1 1 - _ - 27 November 3 4 β€” 6 1 β€” - - 14 December 4 2 1 12 2 2 - - β€” 23 Totals 40 50 3 55 18 7 1 1 4 179 27 (a) Scarlet Fever.β€”The number of cases notified was -10, compared with 18 the previous year. No fatal cases occurred. There were no cases connected with any special milk supply, infection being mainly spread, as is usually the case, through school attendance. 34 cases were isolated at the Municipal Hospital. The average stay of scarlet-fever cases in hospital was 36,2 days, the longest period being 63 and the shortest 26 days. There were 4 return cases of scarlet fever during the year. (b) Small Pox.β€”No case of Small Pox occurred in 1921.
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Notifications of 5 persons who had been in contact with cases of Small Pox were received and kept under supervision for the usual period. The following particulars arc appended of vaccinations during 1921 :β€” Certificates of successful vaccinations 340 Postponed 10 Conscientious objections 424 Left District 20 The vaccination rate per 1,000 births was therefore 452.1. (c) Diphtheria.β€”50 cases were notified rs compared with 30 the previous year. 3 deaths occurred (including one in an outlying institution). 45 cases were isolated at the Municipal Hospital. The average stay of diphtheria cases in hospital was 35.1 days, the longest stay being 61 days and the shortest 24 days. Of fatal cases, one died the same day as admitted, whilst the other remained 5 days in hospital. As usually happens, the principal medium of the spread of the disease was school attendance.
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Patients are discharged cured trom hospital only after bacteriological investigation, and in only one case was a long delay incurred. Two cases of laryngeal diphtheria were admitted to hospital. In one tracheotomy was performed, the other being moribund, died shortly after admission. 28 (d) Enteric Fever.β€”There was one case of enteric fever notified during the year, in the case of a patient admitted to the London Hospital for observation. (e) Puerperal Fever.β€”3 cases were notified during the year; no case was admitted to hospital. (f) Malaria.β€”There were no cases of malaria notified during the yea (g) Pneumonia.β€”33 cases were notified during 1921 as compared with 92 the previous year. 3 cases were isolated at the hospital. There were 34 deaths from all forms of pneumonia during 1921. (h) Encephalitis Lethargica.β€”1 cases were notified, two of which proved fatal.
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One case, a mild one, was admitted to hospital and after a short stay discharged cured. One case of mixed infection was admitted to hospital, but no instance of cross infection occurred in the wards during the year. (II) NON-NOTIFIABLE INFECTIOUS DISEASES. The most important of these are measles, whooping cough and infantile diarrhoea. There were no serious epidemics of these diseases, and the deaths registered were as follows :β€” Measles 14 Whooping Cough 4 Diarrhoea 15 Measles and Whooping Cough.β€”Cases amongst school children are reported to the School Medical Officer by teachers, attendance officers and school nurses, and appropriate action taken as regards exclusion and supervision of contacts. Further particulars of action taken will be found on page <j] of the School Medical Officer's Report. 29 ISOLATION HOSPITAL.
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The following is the table of admission, etc., in respect of infectious disease for 1924 :β€” Disease. in Hospital J anuary, 1st, 1924. Admitted during the year. Died. Dis charged In Hospital Dec. 31st.. 1924. Scarlet Fever 3 34 β€” 30 7 Diphtheria 2 45 2 42 3 Pneumonia β€” 3 β€” 3 β€” Puerperal Fever β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Measles β€” 8 1 7 β€” Chicken Pox β€” β€” β€” Mumps β€” β€” β€” Whooping Cough β€” β€” β€” β€” β€” Enteric Fever β€” β€” β€” β€” Ophthalmia Neonatorum β€” β€” β€” Erysipelas β€” 1 1 Encephalitis Lethargica β€” 1 β€” 1 β€” Totals 5 92 3 84 10 TUBERCULOSIS.
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Under the County of Essex Combined Medical Service scheme the Medical Officer of Health, Barking, 5s Tuberculosis Officer for the district, an arrangement from a public health standpoint possessing obvious advantages. The Essex County Council are the responsible authority for the treatment of tuberculosis under the Public Health (Treatment of Infectious Disease) Act, 1913. The number of notified cases on the Register on December 21st, 1923, was 727, 365 being males and 362 females. During the year 1924, 97 notifications were received of all forms of tuberculosis, including 64 pulmonary cases; 32 deaths of notified cases occurred, 46 cases left the district or could not otherwise be traced, leaving 746 cases on the Register on the 31st December, 1924, 364 males and 382 females. 30 The fallowing table corresponding to Forms A and B, shows the cases notified during the year classified as to age and sex:β€” Disease. Under one year.
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1 to 5 years. 5 to 10 years. 10 to 15 years. 15 to 20 years. 20 to 2.", years. 25 to 3 c years. 35 to 45 years. 45 to 55 years. 55 to 05 years Over 65 years. Totals.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis M β€” 1 4 2 – 1 9 2 4 2 β€” 30 F 1 3 3 3 5 3 7 7 β€” 1 1 34 Tuberculosis (Other Forms) M – 5 5 2 2 – – – β€” β€” β€” 14 F – 4 4 3 – 2 2 1 β€” β€” β€” 19 Totals β€’β€’β€’ 1 13 10 10 15 6 18 10 4 3 1 97 The notification rate per thousand population was 2-5 compared with 21 the previous year. 31 As regards the occupations of notified cases during the year, the following table is of interest % Packers 1.
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Labourers 12 School Children 25 Storekeepers 1 Clerks 3 Housewifery 14 Newsagents 1 Factory Hands 5 Shop Assistants 3 Machinists 1 Field Workers 1 Bricklayer 1 Builder's Boy 1 Domestic Servants 2 Carpenters 2 Rubber Workers 1 Butchers 1 Nil 21 Shopkeepers 1 32 The following figures, kindly supplied by the County Medical Officer of Health, indicate for the four quarters of the year the percentage attendances of cases per 10.COO of population at ihe Tuberculosis Dispensary and of those admitted to sanatoria under the County Council :β€” Attendances at Dispensary. Admission to Sanatoria. No. Rate per 10,000 population. No. Rate per 10,000 population.
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1st quarter 389 109.50 26 7.32 2nd quarter 396 111.40 18 5.00 3rd quarter 230 64.75 12 3.38 4th quarter 419 117.95 14 3.94 the average for the vear being' 100.f) and 4.Pi' compared with 83.31 and 3.14 respectively for 1923. In the former instance, tlie highest corresponding- clistrict figure within the administrative County of Kssex during 1921. counted on the same basis, was 103.64, whilst in the latter no district exceeded that of Barking. The proportion of sanatoria admissions to eases notified was 72.1 per cent. Oniv two cases on Form B were notified by the School Medical Officer, explained by the fact that practically all suspicious cases are sent for further examination by the Tuberculosis Officer before actual notification.