video_id large_stringlengths 11 11 | video_link large_stringlengths 43 43 | title large_stringlengths 3 100 | text large_stringlengths 351 674k | channel large_stringlengths 1 86 | channel_id large_stringlengths 24 24 | date large_stringlengths 10 10 | license large_stringclasses 1 value | original_language large_stringclasses 1 value | language_id_method large_stringclasses 2 values | transcription_language large_stringclasses 1 value | word_count int64 101 112k | character_count int64 351 674k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sme_ax_Hu0k | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sme_ax_Hu0k | high quality stream | lady bugs is literally asking me to die oh I'm going to steal them right now [ __ ] off before I send you to True Darkness give me Darkness give bro shut the [ __ ] up please please shut the [ __ ] up please nice stream just in the My [Music] Stream hi Joel I'm stealing your hi again I hate you why do I even spend my honey on I can't access any other [ __ ] shops I'm just going to buy a bunch of eggs [ __ ] this [ __ ] hi your eggs shut up all right basic B shut up keep the chain going keep the chain going in general don't mess it up basic B high quality why is the thumbnail PC [Music] again I'm been guys let's do the ladybug from [Music] Joel God WR [Music] this is [Music] what the [ __ ] I just wait I want to see this wait what is it oh H start all right I'm checking the stream hold on all right kill yourself you what the [ __ ] are you doing I just in how was that I just tuned in bro what are you doing stream quality is I'm going to buy a super scooper whoopy Scoopy Scoopy Dragon oh scoop I don't want to hear it what are you doing this isn't how the game works what are you kill me 65 yes yes I'm coming everywhere why do that b you what the H like so good is it um no look at the Stream i f f what is there oh guys look look at this ready oh my God I can barely oh I am the stram The Pride I need to get can I just [Music] no it's not I think [ __ ] is a I think Jo was just yell like that I think this is a good stream the sharp to on the shed yeah his his volume has to be on 1% guys I just got the super scoper I'm so happy oh my God [Music] done everyone each other Clover everyone oh stream this is not a yes is not a what is Ohio what will it ever be Ohio not everyone is this Ohio at everyone bro what is actually so good so fast I I clicked the stream l and I just I just get bombarded with music what the playing I click the stream link dude the scoring actually suck major balls that's okay chill oh my goodness neptunium I mean it is Ohio Ohio I'm kidding monkey I just the lady box yeah I AG yeah I did it actually stream for the first minut like what the [ __ ] is [Music] this no Ohio Sigma you're War Jo he's spaming the stream channel he didn't start the stream send warning please oh hi [Music] warning might just on the op for from and kill yourself bye the op for Ohio BR for he streaming and he can't say that she can't say that hi he [Music] byebye I am losing bra than you I just I think he's did you why what did you ask chill just let the M reset God damn yeah I got another neptunium what the [ __ ] me you no no the again would you rather kill yourself or what give me I think that's for me like guys he guys think what to be doing [Music] is oh an epic spell [Music] yeah guys how you got [Music] pH sound warning is an understatement how did get another what do mean faster oh yeah look 17 and [Music] work you're F Ohio s imagine the YouTube moderation pick somehow pick something up and you get ban I don't think YouTube cares us I mean my friend got banned in the live stream for saying they like gay people bro and that was my friend too IP 3 me that's my no that guy is kind of [ __ ] I mean what coconut I never got it I got another coconut bee okay sure coconut be yep I I got two of those I guess now that's cool guys I'm so happy I just got that that new backpack on the temp area I just I'm walking [Music] it cuz the cool dog spider the cool dog spider you're fat C okay let me how good is I'm happy that's going to that's going to take a while okay I guess I'm going check on it after a while you're Ohio s what is that thing doing what are you doing here what are you doing what is this what are you doing I he's only a good time guys correct you going P from Red field I'm going to from Red [Music] field I don't think he's happy [Music] guys anyways you're fat oh I Sigma who joins whoever joined your fat and Ohio Sigma oh never mind okay I debug your fat Ohio you like I insane stream yeah I so I'm not going to check it again do you like it is it a good stream [Music] I talk thank you game thank you game game oh game oh game dude I don't want talk I spect I game watch my screen I I forgot I can't stream watch my screen want to be superstar guys I kind of need help yes the game GG [Music] take I need I need one sunflow I need sunflow SE how do I get sunflower SE please no Jesus Christ you're fat oh s [Music] i because I Grandma why does the stream of one [Music] like please do not tell the when you are going to M I got a blur I got a blur gotum no I don't know did I I did I did get I gotum you're F oh I I just told that to [Music] be [Music] yeah I know what [Music] is I got a coconut be you got [Music] a I got I got my ears again finally rest oh sigut I'm going to rejo my game BR congrats [Music] as let me guess me for real I'm do that right now do you guys like my new profile picture what do you guys like my new profile picture I I haven't watch it why the lady green [Music] wa huh oh signal oh why am I like the fastest person know to mankind I can't look at look for some [Music] reason no I just rejoined and I'm like the fastest y I can stream why you stream who have you ask me I don't have as then how you streaming s Rose yeah how are you streaming you don't how last name everybody you want to be a superstar oh you know the fake is real too right I don't why don't M why is M toer gamer seven how eight honey what just SP in the daisy field not anymore everybody want to be a superstar is that three two one die Lady B my bees weren't [ __ ] fat and it actually got here hold on 50,000 honey is crazy GG guys I make I'm so happy that's a lot enough have 27 y I have plenty another I should buy that oh that's good I should buy [Music] that I know exactly what I'm going to do and that's going to say call um I your fat in Ohio s hi [Music] Joel wait it's 44 tickets now oh my God inflation broke I hate inflation inflation sucks this is just how the real world work well the real world sucks true you're fat the yourself you're not Ohio St oh [Music] God one the most time doing this game why are you doing this what is the CU doing is he still streaming Yes actually say I'm God he is service or audio are you still streaming what the [ __ ] wrong with you this is a good stream I don't know what this is not fire yes it is I know why your scorion in the pineapple field y on drugs or something that's suck I need to get more I get one okay medical condition there will be TR [Music] hi [Music] K how do you have all level sixes and still are wor than all of us some I lit just B the call canister oh my God my backpack can so so much now I might what what jackpot can wait oh yeah um too bad oh blue agent tomato F the feel a tomato dumb ass it's um only need like 44 that's that's also 40,000 though that's stupid all I'm back hi you should watch next piure hold on give me a minute one what screen share bro oh I'm not screen Shing let me screen [Music] share I'm running on Reb [Music] amazing why am I actually like bur both of them somehow H that 300,000 capacity I don't want to hear it how do you have that you my screens Shir hi guys she's [Music] hacking stupid Tri the again what are you doing I said if I if I get VI fight and you [Music] for oh yeah go the the what did you get I don't wait where's the where's this SC liers give me these liers I just got a p I'm did they REM [Music] it I think why is this so slow I think the other one's better why did say pickax I have to break okay let's see if I got realy are you fat yeah he is oh Sigma yes I got in talk I said g yes now I need um six more [Music] give [Music] H yeah let's go I got it I can this tonic today GG yeah I just need the obsidian and then talk the hardest parts actually hard part wait what what's the hardest part it no had like 26 have you used have you used tonic or now probably is it good kind of I have t and it's kind of going to buy tickets I want Auto C toy tickets [Music] faster 10 oh it's final oh that makes sense open shop I see now I see how you got the backpack now yeah oh I almost put mag outside no got event ending you're not getting p anymore no okay now I got the mega event hi I don't need this we all say Ohio Ohio event yes hey guys I got the Ohio event yes [Music] oh you know she's just casing pepper feel how did you [ __ ] get the pepper feel secrets H can't Mak sense I'm going figure out you're not going to figure it out I need to like I show you how to [Music] get if this game one ey jump this game needs to give me one like eye jump one you don't even need like ey jump that's the funniest part of everything you access to the HQ who uhoh I Joel It's Time time to Chas the Ohio event and oh I hate this game oh wa I got give thanks for the how oop oh hold on that's actually kind of a hard R oh I got it did you up or what [Music] yes okay whatever stupid ass [Music] game doesn't have anything that's I'm just for me ready be somehow yeah I'm I'm leave this is this is actually deleting my brother [Music] house [Music] all right oh God not everybody saying good strei good streami I just fin forming [Music] this yummy sorry Gary I'm not watching his stream that's going to [ __ ] delete my ears good right uh yes if you want you want to join me in this absolute gar garbage game [ __ ] is fighing sadness what am I doing be line oh it's what what jump scare true water did not expect that why is it actually not that bad right now what do you mean like the tower is actually not that bad are you stilling the new no are you even looking at what I'm playing right now no I'm playing Beast one bro look look look you're streaming no okay new hires come from a company that Mak screen one yeah stream guys but I'm not streaming yeah this is the song about W open those eyes you make money and go to work get out of bed you la jerk play this over by yourself at 5 a.m. or snatch your face with a frying pan who cares if you woke up at 7:30 cuz I woke up in February no I broke my do something with your life everything I say is so funny everything I say is so funny listen I'll prove it yeah yeah I right I couldn't even say it out loud I would have died from laughing so hard everything I say is so everything I say is so funny this is a song about waking up open those eyes you slepy enough time to make some money and go to work spe a no way I'm doing all those more wall hops is stupid God damn it speee actually car why is everyone else spee spe why is everyone are you so streaming what you Jo join my game with your like J stream yes dude God awful poers sure even know about that you need to know you know I do yes you do I think this might be better than this game I think that might be wor in this game the wor part about this game is there no canons were canons for oh I I I'm are you in now join yet not joining I'm get be okay for I'm scared of g i you scared of G I don't know going to be some everybody do you want to be a superstar the is coming the is coming the is coming for | Akirimew | UCEts7WKXU_59AO11gm_3QWw | 2024-03-02 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 2,337 | 11,176 |
eIgX0gHOuhc | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eIgX0gHOuhc | Kids Talk Cheating: Kinds of Cheating | [♫♫♫] What does cheating mean to you? Cheating is like when you copy something down and you don't do something for yourself. Cheating is lying so you can get a better grade but it's not fair. For me, cheating it's a path that people decide because it is a choice to get out of things the easy way. Cheating is never a good thing. What would you say are different way students cheat? I'm pretty sure some people put it in their desks, like they have that little cubby. There was this one girl, she had a band-aid and she put like some of the answers on her band-aid and when she didn't know the answer, she just looked. Quizlet, of course, spark notes. They use them to look up answers for the test. It was a long test and during lunch they asked a smart kid for an answer and I guess they wrote it down on their test. Do you know what plagiarism is? It's when you copy something down, so like let's say you do an essay, instead of putting it in your own words, you just copy/paste everything and none of it is in your own words. Plagiarism is copying someone else's work, maybe when you look it up on the Internet copy and paste, or you ask a friend for their work, change it up a little, still plagiarism. Why is plagiarism wrong? Because you're not, it's not your work so you shouldn't- why should you be the one getting a good grade for someone else's work? When you're caught, you definitely, you get suspended or you get kicked out of class you know you don't get as many chances as you do in middle school or in high school. How do you avoid plagiarism? They should put the website in their bibliographies, so it's not plagiarizing. Cite it. You can have an extra page for citations, for websites you used. So you can give the other websites or people credit or books newspapers. So they get the credit for their work. Do you know what collusion is? So many big words! I don't know. Collusion, um.. I've never heard that word! Talking to someone else about what their answer were? Giving them an answer, when they're not supposed to be like working together. So a collusion is working together on a class assignment without the teachers permission. Have you ever colluded? Yes, I have worked on projects together with people. Do you think you've ever colluded? Yes. But maybe they don't consider it cheating, cheating, just kind of asking them for help. I think you still can ask a friend for help, but you have to put some sort of restriction of how much help. What consequences do you think should take place for those who cheat? Their grade could be lowered. That and maybe tell their parents. They should take out the test, they they shouldn't have any chances, because I mean with it's a test. They should probably get suspended for a couple of days. But like if it was an in-school suspension, you can make them study. Do you have any advice? I would say it's not worth it, and one thing that they always told me is that you're only cheating yourself. [♫♫♫] | Integrating Ethics: From Thought to Action | UCVyqsrx6HcESpvG43n3TNvQ | 2018-09-06 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 553 | 2,970 |
4JV3RoZxmrw | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4JV3RoZxmrw | PiggyEX has the Sniper! | CATALYST VS ESA Red SEMI-FINALS | Series E: Halo Infinite Pro Night S2W2 | so we kill him yeah your timing is off your ability to help somewhere else is off because you weren't able to hit that shot so crucial kills like that need to get cleaned up and maybe a rematch uh to really showcase that they can't hang yeah one of the things i want to talk about is catalyst is opportunity on monday and and the run that they went on like you said they were phenomenal on monday they looked so impressive creating several upsets along the way the big question mark for me is how consistently can they play at that high level because a big question mark for a lot of up-and-coming semi-pro professional teams that are at the back end of that list really find strug struggle in their ability to consistently play at a high level oftentimes you see individuals popping off here or there in a certain series or whatnot but maybe not so much consistently on a day-to-day so if they can come out hot that would mean a lot to me for this catalyst team for esa red like you're saying you want to see a strong performance out of them but unfortunately already going three down and it looks like complete map control gonna be in the benefit of alex shock and the boys that they started this one off hot yep the team coming out hot definitely catalyst this time around flag already in hand through car side precision with another kill on the board and one slight change in that roster as well right we didn't see precision on monday we had mortally i believe instead of him so uh just an opportunity once again for a bit of a switch up that might may or may not benefit them so far i mean they're right next to the flag post with this little goal line stand does come in is there enough time and numbers to get to it looks like they will get a touch and potentially the return here yeah precision picks up a big double and i think that double is going to award that cap going into catalyst hands so it's an early flag cap and i said if either one of these two teams gets to five that would be an impressive statement right everybody in this lobby is pretty good it's a matter of how good are they executing the objective already cattle has shown you some execution but speaking of execution four dead for catalysts so esa red they get the slaves they need they're gonna get a realistic opportunity at a flagpole here as they're able to get it into the closet as players are coming up off respawn and this is an awesome chance for esa red to now get a counter cap and tie this one up would you like to see esa red going blow for blow here and i love the play to turn around and ensure the slays here right shauna with a cluster luck there two dead to the nade that should open up some free space for uh just about a guaranteed flag cap there is one more precision you can see in the back of the base it does get picked off by ikshana as well so popping off early on here is shawna six and four and his team now thanks to that they've tied the game nice double kill with the grenades from mcshanna and that basically guaranteed the cap in and of itself setting three players on respawn as that fight was on the move a phenomenal answer and an important answer for me to say red to stay in this one tied up very quickly and now we're seeing battles go down at usa reds flag it's a big one-on-one win from ampium once again in order to defend his base and now look at that he's able to recycle the dynamo grenades got all of cattle is stuck either back to flag or top pink you're in a very strong position right now if you're usa ready to get a few kills get another fight on the move in a situation you want to see him stay alive as well what a great use of his life top mid to just jiggle peek that fight and then get a second kill on the piggy a couple over extenders gonna try to make it the flag here as it moves through car you can see two nice now running it those last two players on the catalyst the fight going to go down in the feed there kyle groovy does come up with one nexi with the trade so numbers thinning down here flag still has a bit of a waist to go and exchange he's going to be the the one to help it get there still on the moves not punched in quite yet though defense needs to stand strong for catalyst that they want to keep this one tied and they just can't get there in time essay red are going to take the lead now for a bunch of unknown players to come out and take the lead this early in game one that's i love what we're seeing out of esa red already and it's on the back two nice and ambient both leading the lobby with nine kills strong opening performance from them but of course plenty of time on the board for things to change hiroshana gonna have to turn on a dime there gets taken down that's two dead on essay right in the meantime precision up on top mid looking to cut off car side he's gonna do just that on the two nice big win out of him that's gonna give him a slight opportunity to get back to the base here looks like the flag is not far though right it's still sitting out courtyard too dead once again those are two nice surviving in this situation important but i think with the full team down uh minus nexi this one's looking a little chocked the idea was right from too nice he was in a very poor position to try and deny that flag but the fight carrier was no shield just couldn't quite hit the head shot because of that he wasn't able to stagger the run the slaves come through for catalyst they're able to tie this one up two to two oh my that was the camo i think that just came in through that door as well camo heat wave combo wave that's a great way dad to impact the blue base dude is going to turn as well see if he can take the fight there onto alex shock alex shotgun to come out on top that flag got once again very quick run here at a catalyst so what was the deficit uh no longer they're starting to lock things down you can tell they've got the pace in their hands pacing their hands in the lead also back in favor of catalyst three to two seven minutes on the clock so plenty of time i mean shy way i think there's something to be said not a lot of defense being played so far in this game a lot of offense though five flags already capped between the two teams here with seven minutes left it's not often you see that kind of execution on the offensive end it's almost the defense that you have to start to question from both these two teams the flag once again on the move for catalyst for esa red they're coming off spawn it's a big 1v1 win over towards the pink it is unfortunately cleaned up and alex shock he smells blood in the water he spots another player that's weak pink side and he just denies that player from being able to advance and in the meantime the fourth fight for catalyst has gone in and it's on the back of our shock i mean the player we highlighted coming in he's got 17 to his name and he just added another one to his hit list is that 17 kills this early on just does so much work for this catalyst team hell of an impact for sure and like you said about defense we're not seeing a lot of it because of these plays esa red just trying to find a little opening for themselves i'm not sure if it's just you know poor timing on their desks i think that's that's definitely part of it or even just kind of telegraphing their plays right knowing they're spawning up pink side and getting caught with their pants down because of it either way you can see they're now forced back to car big pickup thanks to next you can bait and switch onto alec here and make that a double that hopefully will open up some space to get the flag of their own good decision by nexus are not to challenge there he needs to get to the enemy base needs to try and get a flag on the move they're gonna force the pink spawns but they're hesitant on getting the flagpole into the closet and because of that you wonder if a player is going to be able to get back into the flag and interrupt this and that's the player i'm talking about on screen now he's throwing a couple of grenades it's alex shock and alex shock he finds one precision finds another and because they hesitated for just a moment shall we they gave up their opportunity and look at that catalyst sees the opportunity themselves they get a fifth and final flag cap on the move throw it up to bridge and even though they've lost two members it's not enough to stop this flag from getting punched in that's gonna be a five to two victory here in game one off the back of a very strong performance from alex and the boys on cattle had an opportunity to have mad control themselves they were successful but when not we saw the collapse of esa red hopefully for esa red they don't get collapsed on here off this opening strats you can see it's starting to happen on subway already the aggressive plays a catalyst off of game one you can tell they're looking to carry that aggro in the game two here feeling it in the back of subway multiple gonna drop three make it four now on the side of catalyst as they wipe the entire team and another nade in the red room just to add insult to injury you can tell they are on a different level of momentum coming into game two here feeling themselves gaining some momentum we saw what this team was able to do with momentum on monday scary thought and you know they want to ride that momentum they know kcp is in this four team tournament they want a chance to take down kcp a very strong north american team in the in the tier the top dogs the hcs scene in order to do that they're going to have to finish off the csa red team and we'll see how quietly in the night the csa red team wants to go shauna with three kills of his own so far for the game but needs a little bit of help from his team in a swaying department in order to get the job done and already a 12-4 lead shows me that they've catalyst has been able to transition their early map control and continue to snowball that into even more so of a lead from there on out which is worrisome for esa right especially with the way that streets tends to work you got to try to cut your losses quickly here and hopefully pick up a trade in this situation but alex shock making it impossible that's too dead 16 now to five as things starting to fall apart you wonder you know is too too nice in the situation maybe his objective is you know i can clean up a weak kill hopefully and get a trade to slow this down but he commits himself so far oh by the time he's in the action he's gonna get cleaned up and like you said piggy i mean popping off now as well 19 kills already for catalyst yeah piggy just popping off getting a nice 1v2 over there towards the cafe on screen using grenades so efficiently they can be such a power weapon in the right hands in halo infinite and piggy puts them to use there speaking of power weapons rockets came up and that's a massive wing condition that you would have to say esa red need to control and unfortunately it's just a trade with the first set of rockets only one of them are going to be left in the chamber and if you're esa red you need to figure out a way geez to stop this game from continuing to go against you unfortunately catalysts have no intention of letting that happen they are all starting to steamroll ampium last one alive on his team you can see his teammates starting to split spawn out pd side as they get ripped off spawn immediately just seems like there's no hope no matter what pov we land on nexi with a nice little double out of the nade there too nice and clean up a third they got to watch out for that shotgun though that's precision with it two kills in the feed he's gonna get aggressive again that's his third kill in a row at this point 30 to 14 a massive hill to climb for esa red and i want to say it's not impossible but i've seen no signs that uh things will improve here so far wes it really isn't impossible but like you're saying it almost requires a level of structure that you're not sure if esa red are capable of at this point in their halo careers right the best teams in the world they may be able to gain control and snowball to that degree but to be that efficient you have to be on top of your game in so many different levels and unfortunately it's near impossible to replicate right now you're seeing ikshana trying to stay alive with this bulldog shotgun unfortunately piggy he's gonna spot him out as he was scratching in that corner he's gonna get a nice kill under him and that's allowed precision to flank with this sentinel beam he finds himself a double so every bit of the sandbox being put to work by this catalyst team and it's immediately reflected in the scoreline now 38 to 20 up 18 kills just 12 needed to close this one out every bit of the sandbox whether he's shooting the gun or mailing with it as well right because he was just brawling over on the vending machine where piggy is currently peggy looking to collapse up on the subway here as well you can see the rockets just whipping past him so catalyst in control of power weapons once again here piggy gonna make him feel the pain amputeem did pick up one it's just it's not enough it's too little too late at this point 41 on the board looking to clean up the final nine kills and you can just feel the confidence in the play of catalyst as they get very aggressive uh you know without a care here might make a couple of mistakes in the process and too nice we'll let him feel it nice individual kill from two nice there i wasn't quite sure if he was gonna be able to collect that one but he does just that unfortunately he's continuously being just kept weak from these brags that one just barely misses him the bulldog shotgun is such a good weapon to have in that situation but not when there's two players and unfortunately you're just seeing catalysts smother the members of esa red they know this one is over if they can continue to be aggressive trade out their damage that's exactly what the executed plan looks like right now just one more kill for the steak dinner and esa red damn they're gonna have to pull off a reverse sweep if they want to take this series because catalyst they've answered very strongly to the early aggression of asa red since game one they've taken the series to a 2-0 lead see coming into this series layout i had looked at streets game two you know slayer from an optimistic perspective where if a team loses it's an opportunity to bounce back because of the way that the map tends to snowball uh what i didn't think about which you know the obvious alternative is that you just get obliterated twice and any momentum that you might have had in game one is completely snuffed out in game two and here we are looking at the end of a series potentially already if catalyst keeps up this uh this level of pain basically west so you know unfortunate for esa red of course they're no strangers to being in positions like this so here's hoping they can you know regain kind of put that behind them focus on what's next and what's next live fire strongholds the potential for this to be a very quick game is very high in my opinion i think if psa red want to create an upset here they're gonna have to start off much differently than we've seen in the past two games you need a strong start here it probably starts by getting that first set of overshield and and potentially that s7 i think catalysts just have so much momentum especially off their performance for monday they have shown that they're coming here to play today i think that they look phenomenal they look very similar to what they were doing monday and as i said one of the things some of the amateur teams struggle with in the history of halo is just consistency it doesn't look like that consistency bug is going to rear its head at least in the series for catalyst and you can see the confidence and the momentum because of their level to play at that consistent high pace high high quality right i think that that's a beautiful thing for these guys to be able to uh consistently perform at and looking forward to this game three i don't want to see them slip up on the side of catalyst but i would like to see esa red make this one competitive so we're going to get into gameplay and already ampium has found himself df7 let's see what he's able to do with it unfortunately after pulling out his br for that kill he's taken down and overshot is gonna be up momentarily we'll see who prioritizes it and not the strongholds you can see them running in twos to get to see as well nothing too nice can do in that situation to really challenge it so great little back down he's got an opportunity to work with a teammate for the os big pickup onto kyle and with that pickup comes a little gift for a second here too there's a snipe down top tower so too nice just controlling everything he would need in the situation i believe the os should go to them as well good job staying alive here if you're too nice i almost smoked too early here he waving s7 in hand so you got the entire power of life fire in your hands you get one player to know shield you get a second kill but still i'd like to see him stay alive top tower there with those power weapons maybe in a less vulnerable position to not trade his life in that situation but you are going to be needing more from your teammates there as far as damage dealt you had a perfect opportunity to kill a few unsuspecting players unfortunately just the timing didn't play out right and right now catalyst even though it's not the strongest start from them they look like they're gonna have map control and with it a couple bullets in this s7 in the hands of piggy as well even early on you can see the gap slowly being created even in the slays category maybe the snipe will add to that too he did get the kill on the amp and we got a little pause in our end didn't quite get to see it but uh the man sniped accurately as expected good shots a precision so far he's a player i don't know a ton about but playing fairly well here in this best of five up 2-0 typically you got to be playing phenomenal and speaking of phenomenal piggy with seven but two nice with seven of was piggy was six two nice with seven of his own he's having a much better game three unfortunately it's not enough right now to change the score line as he gets taken down right there and that's a pivotal 1v1 as there is an overshow that player that slides into a and they're trying to push the trip cap now our catalyst is they're up over 60 points the question from here shyway is how long will esa red allow this tripcap to partake will they be able to get the slaves to get out of it two nice plans a double just as i say that which would hopefully be the answer they're looking for but the remaining two players doing a great job of living getting trades they need here two nights with a third pick up 10 to his name by the way make it 11 as he is single-handedly popping off here doing what he can he's trying out here yeah doing what he can for the team to just slow the roll of catalyst which seems uh inevitable at this point already 108. he gets away to work with if shawna gonna let or i mean he didn't let him he can't uh finish the man in this situation it's little little spots like that where you know catalyst will make miles out of uh out of those opportunities yeah that's not a little spot that's a much needed kill you gotta secure kills like that and on time one of the things cloud used to preach to me when he first started teaming with me was the difference between hitting that last head shot before that player turns a corner and you're and then the play after that where you're forced to go hunting for him and even if you eventually kill him yeah your timing is off your ability to help somewhere else is off because you weren't able to hit that shot so crucial kills like that need to get cleaned up in order for your timing to be on speaking of timings on alex shot his nose as he's just playing as aggressive as possible three dead it was four dead momentarily for usa red and catalyst with overshield coming up here shortly oh his lead and kyle groovy saying he can show us something special as well one hell of a way to enter that fight unfortunately he did not get that os i think it will sit down on the floor there two nights in the meantime still doing his thing right 12 kills to his name he is hanging that should give max has to be that sniper was out of ammo it's the os that we didn't get to see picked up it could be catalyst with it i'm sure we'll find out in a second two nights not worried about that though just playing the d there goes groovy two more victims out front making a double on a precision gonna have to try his hand at staying alive behind pillar next hopefully here to pick up on the damage though unfortunately he's gonna have to back out that was three dead for usa red catalyst once again with numbers advantage they're able to recapture b in their favor and now with bc setup looking to push over 200 points but they're also looking to push into hey they want the trip cap they smell aggressiveness right here you can tell how confident these guys are playing because every single time it's like they get to weigh a decision do we play safe or do we go for the trip cap they have favored to go for the trip cap so far in this match just trying to figure out what aggressiveness smells like wes uh it sounds sweaty in the meantime too nice to win his thing 16 by the way outperforming everyone in the lobby currently if he goes out he goes out with a bang is what it seems like he'll take piggy with him too 17 but just oh my god enough so far maybe a trip cap here and that be the situation esa red need in my opinion shall we you're down almost 200 points you got to figure out a way to keep a trip cap for a little bit unfortunately as you're capping a somehow b's gone and the rotation to c is going to be a quick one from catalyst to too nice he's going to be by himself over here today needs to find a way to defend this all by himself and unfortunately just doesn't have the right angle to try and deal with that situation it's just not enough dps for him on that end and although he's had a phenomenal game three here this game three is gonna end fairly shortly if bsa red don't get off their spawn this next time and make plays i i think he had the right idea on the oh in the back out there just got kind of stuck on the wall on his way out doesn't quite make it to the os as well here we are at 232 ichsana with a clutch kill to get to the b cap that'll slow things down a bit at least pause the timer another pick up on the pick even piggy needs to live and be too nice here to save the day groovy still gonna milk his life but not gonna last long at this rate if too nice has the best of him i don't know how he hits the melee in that situation but obviously one he needed you can see he's got teammates in a as well so that'll keep the timer frozen but for how long here was he gets taken down and that's the first kill of the 4v4 standoff that really is going to matter because now catalyst with the numbers advantage they're going to already be in to be and it's up to the rest of esa red to see if they can push into a a is going to get transferred somehow piggy stays alive in the back and it's just four dead for usa red it's all cattle is here to end this one and what looked like was going to be a solid competitive series at the start of aquarius ctf ends up going heavily in the favor of these of catalysts as they take this one three to zero in games two and three catalysts really started to gain momentum and never looked back definitely gotta give some props to two nice for going 20 and i think 15 in that final game showing up showing out you know as things did uh close but of course not the intended result not what they had hoped for i think in that series things uh went by pretty quickly and i think that's just kind of how the cookie crumbles with uh exhibition day wes is single elimination 500 bucks down you come you take your win or you take it l and go on with your day so | Esports Arena | UCSsblrs7F2JqnApZhTOPL6Q | 2022-06-18 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 4,763 | 24,183 |
IIjYdhvaVDU | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IIjYdhvaVDU | Monsoon All Set to Retreat from Tomorrow | IMD | not even a little cucumber tonight evil demon seen a little tip on a little camera this'll open Internet rule America part of water on a second ballot in Cindy why you be imparted a semester in Savannah anticyclonic circulation car ananga Galileo thermoset on Peggy Marshall Atacama comparte and IMD revolt even see Punjab Haryana Sutra rajasthan Ranchi naidu through the canal ooh Telugu Panama Diana valid in Cindy record the styler wah Cannella Alice singin I wrote you to the phone a luthier como comfort and I and IMD palette egg on a lagoon ll apart to wash a column for a second at Fluvanna Dean Cindy voce rain de Muro cello why we apart alone I'm a guitarist all anoche nairo taruta para la puta style oto mo comparte anything pending | ETV Andhra Pradesh | UCJi8M0hRKjz8SLPvJKEVTOg | 2019-10-09 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 134 | 743 |
w5jOz1Lqs-o | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w5jOz1Lqs-o | 2021 12 21 16 17 12 | i'll i'll be coming on dvd soon generator up because and then your body camp what your body you put your body blocked sorry you can come on as long as you do not do anything you did last night [Music] we're going to set a timer now where if you do not ready up within the next two minutes we will kick you from the game excuse me other people excuse me i quickly go up the toilet and i come back and i ready up you take about half a decade to [ __ ] ready up people coming into my stream all they see is that you're not ready and i'm not [ __ ] like i'm just stood there waiting peddling my thumbs while waiting for you so get your bloody ass in gear get ready and get some clothes on because you look like me granddad practicing around but nated can you go away please no oh you got fresh underwear before change uh yeah change my underwear i'm like you who still went piss you once you remember chris's streamer oh oh i didn't know yeah have a robertson sorry christopher's [Music] and all bloody shave [Music] honestly you were clean and tidy when i first met you from your mother's you coming here and you were right scruff oh wow [Music] the year everything else is my fault is when you use the tablets that's why i bought new temps was because i could never go in the shower because all the time was really used that was the only reason i said damien anyway oh god sake dearie wished [Music] can you still use that newborn what you go on the one with the yellow thingy that i think you're trying to me that one yeah and now and again not many you know people go live i'm like yeah there was one guy that was doing my head and i just removed him because he was somebody that added me and then he just kept going live every five seconds or just well the thing is if you go live on there because it's like facebook it's like facebook streaming similar i think you could livestream yourself i didn't meet somebody who was interested in dead by daylight and then stop talking to me yeah because you don't speak them i can't stand small talk well people are very quiet jordan likes big talk i like big things well chris likes to speak very regularly on the regular basis what we all got to remember he says [Music] uh [Laughter] thank you [Music] huh [Music] yes well i would need help with this look at this freaking microwave i'm getting dressed and i am getting on the game don't worry i only need help with letting the map what are you doing on the ipad it was going to get scratched because the dog jumped up and then he scratched i can't leave for five minutes without you moving the [ __ ] living room around oh you will i'll come in and [ __ ] something else has moved [Music] did you want right well what and do you want a wardrobe in this corner one of them just your one they want the side one with the wheels stick it this side because then you can put all our stuff in there but that is blocking access to the bloody light switch where we've got her bench here oh you said you didn't want to use her because apparently get on yeah that's what i wanted a very good strangle don't you flick that thing at me the [ __ ] know he ain't putting it in that corner the wardrobe that is my bedside and as a fat person i have a new towel i need to have a parking space to get out oh god people do youtube [Music] i wish there was a cure a [Music] at it and cool it down [Music] have you seen me give you a gift card as well 10 pound discomfort a 10 pound coupon code well yeah but you still have to pay something you put my [Music] yes the things that go on my legs damien [Music] dad keeps saying he's going to do something and he never [ __ ] does cause somebody mother likes to do stuff and [Music] because [Music] i'm gonna [ __ ] get my test dog and i'm gonna show you little westgate's how driving's done you see how expensive i don't [ __ ] care i'm gonna prove you westgate how driven i had that and it was stupid every little thing okay i'll just take it off and put it on somebody else's car you can't because i'll detect it oh whatever [Music] he's talking about the black box is [Applause] grounded [ __ ] no you promised i would have to leave no yes you did no you're grounded [ __ ] no yes i've done nothing wrong i've just been watching uh chris here's a live streaming new vision on it damien [Music] so you are grounded oh he started it i don't give a [ __ ] he'll start that you're grounded why do i get punished and he doesn't oh he's well from the house westgate should be grounded as well no westgate band for life oh anyways i'll be back i'm probably when i get in the house right i just wanna um do you fancy um playing the ability lunch lady jordan where when i get in the house [Music] that is fine like me [Music] goodbye so yeah right 1970 [Laughter] all right i'll just put a screenshot in it right and i'll start the discord [Music] angled [Music] wow it's your shitty [ __ ] samsung i'm using excuse me anyways i will speak this in a little bit all right okay all right bye bye [Music] so [Music] [Laughter] so [Music] so [Music] okay [Music] cool [Laughter] [Music] [Laughter] [Music] [Laughter] [Music] [Laughter] [Music] [Laughter] [Music] [Laughter] [Music] [Laughter] [Music] [Laughter] [Music] [Laughter] [Music] [Laughter] [Music] [Laughter] [Music] [Laughter] um no [Laughter] [Music] why's [Laughter] [Music] [Laughter] [Music] you can't accidentally get someone pregnant [Music] or if you don't want me to that's fine i don't mind [Laughter] [Music] hmm [Laughter] [Music] he he does want to join he just yes [Music] huh [Music] uh i was going to join but mr constall has requested that i come on lunch lady with him first [Music] ah all right yeah well uh hold on i'm gonna get set up [Laughter] [Music] um [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Laughter] [Music] [Applause] [Music] hold on [Music] um [Music] ah [Music] why i'm in the path but i [Music] but ah i know he's like westgate he's just like my skirt oh god oh god oh yes i need to strangle no he's fanning on with the spare room [Music] um [Music] come in [Music] oh come on [Music] i hope the title is correct [Music] all right [Music] um dvd [Music] [Applause] [Music] um [Music] are you just playing as a killer no no i'm on at the moment [Music] all right [Music] well she's not some kind of bot that just automatically starts watching [Music] this person ever gone live no this person has 8.2 k followers i i don't know maybe she just sees that we're playing dead by daylight because he's watching [Music] there we go [Music] so [Music] really is that all i receive what 500. [Music] i thought we can blow points every day [Music] hmm [Music] well that's christmas [Music] [Laughter] no that's not what i wanted i was trying to um that's what i wanted no and that is not what i pressed i didn't even press the button [Music] um so [Music] uh [Music] trying to call it level it up [Music] no that's what i'm doing well i i'm like trying to get most of them up to like [Music] here [Music] nice how are you [Music] uh [Music] let's go so look for them over two people are on the playstation average for a gamer talking talent [Music] i don't know [Music] don't let bloody listen to well some of them do when they don't come chasing you hands being spaced on space space hands face space crush it actually it shows you people talking and then little black things coming out how to be a friendly killer yes oh i've shipped that book off to a lot of people for christmas okay this is [Music] [Laughter] so [Laughter] this one i think is it is that is the killer just can't oh there's three just two more to go until you get the killers just all right i'm only captain [Music] [Laughter] everything [Laughter] hello oh he's gone where's he go oh you better not [Music] let's see if he done he probably was making a cup of tea was like oh [ __ ] we've started where's the newest door is it over there i found it and this guy is just spinning around um oh yeah the other guy just got scratched [Music] there's a generator [Music] oh [Music] no it's not him it's the one with the big pyramid head oh yeah he's he's killing somebody who's trying to work on the last generation oh no no no no your one just need to have harry up and fix the last generator i'm trying to find it [Music] i don't want to listen for something [Laughter] [Music] get the last bloody generator [Music] [Laughter] [Music] yeah it's too close to him oh for crazy [Music] did you [Music] i don't know what's good [Music] oh he's coming after me now yeah get the door open [Applause] i don't [Applause] [Music] oh he's trying to get to me i'm trying to escape him crazy chris how are we [Music] he's [ __ ] jesus christ i'm the one that keeps oh right that door i'm here [Music] oh [ __ ] [Music] oh [Music] i don't know [Music] [ __ ] [Laughter] he waited till we were on our last generator to come [ __ ] us up oh yeah you like that don't you damien you like when killers [ __ ] you up yes you just don't you will whisk it yes i do god damn little dirty westgate chris can you come over and strangle him first [Music] must be killed at birth [Music] to come and join us oh how nice that's a waste i think he's doing it in the bathroom yeah it's not a point though you know you could collect it and sell it to the the bank of england bank of england we bank it you want it like all those kids that you just flush down the toilet i mean you wouldn't stick a very of the child down the toilet so why would you flush them um oh let's get scared are you finished up yet yeah there's no radio [Music] oh for crazy whiskey [Music] oh all the whiskies of the west of he's just can you feel the rescue tonight guitar oh if i see it [Music] what oh what the hell are you doing oh [ __ ] [Music] oh she's her the spooky [ __ ] that flies around oh [Music] get away from me sick [ __ ] get off look [Music] [Laughter] [Music] hey foreign [Music] well they do like how escape they're like completely deadly yeah that's what i thought your money [Music] um [Music] are you hoping [Music] she keeps destroying that generator over there that i was working on [ __ ] [ __ ] me to finish this generator over here never mind never mind [ __ ] it i'm off [Music] crazy [ __ ] after me [Music] oh she's got me now you [ __ ] you two go and work on two generators i'm gonna try and see if i can rescue this west gate oh [ __ ] yes she is camping [Music] oh god [Music] [Applause] [Music] oh well he's gone one generator the speed the processor [Music] no damien remember general [Music] i'm [Music] oh oh that's you dead damien [Music] is oh let's just give him away oh i'm gonna die and i can't find the [ __ ] hatch [Music] where is it [Music] there is there is [Music] you're a dirty little westgate you're dirty westgate i uh hide within 10 meters of a kill off the kill without being caught for a total of 120 seconds all right uh a little bit [ __ ] let me hold up [Music] i've just been i've just got three two tickets for a newcastle match fa cup one you're running in light of soft making your tracks harder to follow stretches mount stay visible for one second less than normal right okay i'm kicking epic uh oh may i have to come off shortly if i go don't you doctors show me okay i hope i've got my i just want to punish mr westgate [Music] i need a chat they put my [Music] what's good [Music] i think what we're gonna have to do at some point in the stream is take a half an hour break to give up so we can we'll have something to eat rest for a bit then come back and start playing again so when stephen comes back but if the time that is before me and him do any game of little training we'll take a half an hour break and then come back well yeah that's what i'm gonna do i'll just put the brake scrape the scene on while we're taking a break [Music] because i don't want to be wait until after streaming which could go on to like half one or something and not have anything to eat yeah and i can't eat i can't have anything to eat or anything so we'll get about half an hour break to grab something to eat before we come back and westgate is gonna get punished oh that's not what i wanted [Music] this game just doesn't listen to me at all [Music] uh [Music] right radio basket [Music] what's good [Music] just getting out now [ __ ] hell it's been in the bath for a while [Music] so [Music] oh in like 600 hours it's now christmas twenty two twenty one one hundred health hmm [Music] basket [Music] west west westgate [Music] westgate get off your phone did you hold or you get grounded [Music] push the bottom westgate oh oh wow what's this i'm getting back inside you oh [ __ ] just calm down this is part of the demonstration yeah you looking at this an impressive package all right nothing to see here folks this mutant is about to dissolve i like the bit in the film where the hamster gets large and just starts like shooting good giant [ __ ] at everything [Music] got milk oh yeah that film is funny but jamie doesn't want to watch that one because he prefers the original from 1970 or maybe but i also like the remix because sometimes it can be better than the original um i'm gonna make his little whiskey face an emoji for my twitch channel so everybody can just spam his little face oh wow i'll put it in the discord as well as the discord emoji could you just imagine your twitch a chat westgate's face everywhere why do i spawn at the door oh westgate got scratched oh she's the one that pukes on you yeah i was playing here the other day though hello [Music] [Laughter] oh um [Music] oh let's get as per usual nice to see you too oh the two of them are upstairs on the hook oh she's coming round that door oh god there is a way upstairs oh there it is oh i just saved gaming like no oh [Music] excuse me [ __ ] don't catch me i did swell oh she [ __ ] covered the generating puke and all i'm gonna have to bath myself now [Music] fun that's me cured waiting a blower oh ugh what the red stick can knock you down in one don't spread your sickness on me uh [Music] [Laughter] [Music] if she upstairs downstairs all right that's good [Music] yep [Music] [Laughter] oh now she's upstairs [Music] uh [Music] oh [Music] thank you oh gee oh [ __ ] oh you [ __ ] sneak ass men get away from me [Music] oh [ __ ] sick sorry yeah they got my right hand so i'm not moving anywhere i'm leaving my phone where i am because the signal is better she's a nasty killer she just wants me she wants to [ __ ] play oh you little [ __ ] she wants to play with you she really wants to play with you oh yeah right can i actually get myself up oh no he's gonna get me up wow so [Music] you began huh [Music] hello mrs hillard i presume what wait what [Music] no it's yetifina dude foreign a specialized entertainment for children yeah that just still doesn't sound very right doesn't it yes the children oh i'm a hip-hop granny who can beep up dance to your drop and yo yo-yo make-a-wick of cocoa [Music] what is wrong with my audio today [Music] what am i gonna do with this skit what i'm alone to keep me clean okay [Music] i'm hitting the snowman i can't see in front of me though [Music] i can't see i can't see in front of me for the snowman we just say here for our bet oh now the birds [ __ ] flying around me [Music] oh you [ __ ] the bird doesn't help the situation huh [Music] [ __ ] up oh this [ __ ] wants my tits i'm trying to lose her oh just still [ __ ] behind me get away you crazy [ __ ] [Music] oh oh i can't use this it's been used [Music] i am i've done this [ __ ] several times i told you the [ __ ] this [ __ ] can't catch the master oh i'm in poor [ __ ] distress [Music] he's down i need to try and rescue him i don't want to die without i don't want to die on my own is [Music] huh [Laughter] [Music] ow you [ __ ] [Music] oh [Music] mom stop you're embarrassing me i might as well die because i got nobody can save me [Music] i bet i annoyed the giving [ __ ] out of her [Music] don't outperform the master it's the mess you will always outperform your [Music] can you feel the love tonight [Music] invisible westgate crazy [Music] right [Music] harder harder [Music] west is dead i repeat we have a dead question [Music] oh my god who said you needed therapy when you can strangle them [Music] all right okay we'll just um i don't know how long it's going to be what do you have your friend's mobile number [Music] to the west gate [Laughter] [Music] yep [Music] ah good [Music] is [Music] before christmas the threat of another lockdown is human the uk government can't be restrictions [Music] right across the bridge [Music] hmm [Music] wow [Applause] um [Music] what [Music] amy what trying to wear [Music] okay [Music] this is your birthday [Music] no i don't actually get i don't bother with my birthday much now i have to this year because i've gotten over [ __ ] excuse but normally i work on my birthdays i um risk 95. oh yeah [Music] why are we oh [Music] let's see if we've got a nice color after six o'clock over hmm [Music] oh not him [Music] [Laughter] oh [Music] i want to kill my wife [Music] hmm oh [ __ ] hell oh you've missed me oh you [ __ ] how are you dirty little [ __ ] this killer is like the most boring ass killer you can't even catch me pin in the ass yes he's the pin in the arsenal oh he's irish [Music] you guys probably just want to start and see and see if i get this word i'm sorry for wasting your time guys so an edit sucks [Music] no somebody rescue you i'm on the way hmm [Music] [Laughter] over here well i am reece has been hooked oh damn damn's done it's the ch it's the checkpoint i don't know it misses it's like it's on the white but it doesn't hit the weight i'm gonna cleanse [Music] they must have a perk to get him off [Music] [ __ ] you [ __ ] oh no mr hayes uh [Music] see damien your little friend is having the same problem with those key peelings and david's just stood there in the generator [Laughter] oh [Music] uh [Music] freezer run away [Music] bushes [Music] sick [Music] the [ __ ] killer is still chasing me no he's disappeared now he's probably going to find the west gate [Laughter] [Music] [Laughter] generate here that's not finished yet [Laughter] oh you [ __ ] not no you're not damn it westgate he's a target for every killer yes well that's you screwed mr westgate yep now i've got to find the [ __ ] hatch where is it uh where is it [Music] did it match me again [ __ ] thank you thank you everybody congratulate me i need a painter well i'm gonna need a glass of orange juice after this hmm oh no let's get going on but why is the open party blacked out claims the entity and slightly increases the distance between a surface hooks appearing in the world [Music] westgate [Music] oh come on youtube video oh there's my sketch friends ready west great then you make them let's get it put your makeup on oh god oh my god technical difficulties just type if you can't speak [ __ ] i can't show you oh god uh [Music] okay i think he knows people can't hear him yeah he's nice just to talk to the doctors [Music] yeah don't ever invite him to your game you'll regret it the west gate and his natural habitat yes david attenborough and here we have david no and here we have a westgate in its natural habitat if you look closely he's hunting his prey [Music] oh wow not ready to walk away from the game we've gotta be tapped gotta participate i'll piss up here ready again and if you want to walk away after that [Music] damien [Music] i'm just glad i don't have those people coming back in that's the main part [Music] and we bet it was like six i was freaking low i know [Music] it's like a traffic warden that doesn't know how to direct the traffic he's like when you're watching the news and somebody from the studio walks into shot and then goes oh [ __ ] i'm in shot and walks away and then comes back again and then walks off again well done he came back will you stop walking around are you making me dizzy that's why i'm not looking at that right now oh [Music] nope he walks around like he's just had an accident and he's on the phone to the insurance company oh yes dear we've had an accident and it wasn't your fault [Laughter] call [Music] turn now at the next lights turn left at the next instructions there's a video already there's a there's a streamer that i like she's funny she's um she's got ticks and there's a clip of her with the guy with takes and they're in the back and they're both going turn left no turn [ __ ] right no no they do this oh i've just been in here all right let's get was this you let's get beside this is me oh it's you because oh you got your little oh right and vincent yes i have a youtuber that i i watch now and again that is into your thing called corey i don't know if you've heard of them uh i think i'm not sure i'll send you a link to his channel okay when i when we oh furry [Music] i forgot to mention it to you because i i've like seen some of you watched some of these videos and might interest you [Music] i love how you call it a thing well i didn't know if you wanted me to you know announce it you know all right okay some people are uncomfortable with you know people talking about their life oh boom [Music] i think it might be a clown oh he's looking this way by the way is he yeah oh he just appeared he's the [ __ ] ripped oh it's when it's because uh vincent said it might be the cloud go go go go [Music] he's coming after me [Applause] [Music] oh really it's one of them [Music] nope he's not [Music] i'm using spine chills so i can tell when he's looking at the run generator get me off get me off run no this is him god damn it oh he's not he's after me no he's going somewhere else [Music] who's in yellow because that's hot enough [Music] i'll come and get you in a minute no he wants to expose you all right hold on see if i can get to you you just work on that events while i go okay he's probably invisible and he's probably could see me right now unhook him i think he's near you oh wait no [Music] oh that was me i was working on that generator oh no he's in here uh tyrion right you two work on that i'm gonna go what me and vince is gonna go work on another one he's chasing damian stop blowing the bloody generator off i i haven't paid when i run by a locker it opens it makes a noise but i don't actually go in it always at the top oh shakes i try to use the take and it didn't work [Music] god's sakes [Music] [Laughter] i don't have my wiggle pick so i could get oh no i mean get off the hook now and run away [Laughter] if you get hooked again you're bloody skewed and all i know [Music] he knows where that gen is going back to yeah he's in the airway because i can count the noise he's after me i can see that just keep him distracted i'm nearly finished on this last generation we were working on [Laughter] i think i'm pretty much dead one more generator to go [Music] oh no he's after me [Laughter] [Music] oh my god oh how's he over there he was just here oh [Music] [Laughter] no we need a road oh he's after me [Laughter] [Music] are you done there chris yes great come and get me i'm coming up sweetie come quickly yeah it's over this twitter the side of us are you going to another one [Music] oh chris please get it because we could have had that door there back there he's probably at the door waiting yeah [Music] i'm gonna try and get it open [Music] damien [Music] i'm sorry i take back what i said um why can't i hear a westgate he's put himself on mute guy because he's on the bloody phone to the doctors yes yeah he's talking to the doctors about these so really yeah have you had any more attacks from the mob um the money the money's hidden under the flow they didn't find that so that's good um i feel like i should be seeing this in an italian accent but i have no idea how to do one out [Music] wait would i actually be the main mobster i would have been the mobster's wife because on [Music] there's no point in westgate playing with us if he's just gonna sit in camp oh my god so i walked into the nearest land the other day you know one of my clients was i can't do it i'm increasing i'm laughing i lose and she says i don't want to work here no more right i don't get paid enough i'm going to go college i'm going to go to cosmetology school and be a cosmetologist and anyways i was like down my shop and they're like oh not gonna do it damn it i've been taking dramatic corners are you telling the doctors they're not interested yeah he's doing it again [Music] someone crashed the car can't remember it was damien or someone else um do you mean well not crash but the bashed the girl and he drives like an old grandma hey i'm walking here [Music] [ __ ] useless he needs to be shot in the [ __ ] ass with a baby gun not even a bb gun kill whiskey something else i was going to say slam the door on his face oh wait will you be up never mind wait that you should wedgie's head between the door frame and then keep repeating i can see anything in the italian accent i just don't know what to say gives you freaking useless deviously [Music] after all the trouble we went through yesterday our ark survival evolved so complicated i can't do it really another one it's really hard it's not not [ __ ] old it bloody is there's like a thousand buttons thousand buttons everything kills you you get in and you're either dying of dehydration hunger or [ __ ] dinosaur comes down and eats your balls a lot like real life eat your [ __ ] balls in a minute yes please daddy that sounded wrong can i get a oh yeah oh yeah i don't know i'm gonna i'm gonna apply that into the mixer i just need to find the audio because i tried to wake damion up one day with that with the speaker put the bluetooth speaker in the bedroom near him while he was asleep and i was trying to find that audio to try and scare him up but i couldn't find it anywhere we just play in the middle of the night when he's asleep oh yeah that would have been terrifying the most annoying song in the world oh god [Music] the main building oh no it's not him from resident evil is it nemesis yeah you're lucky oh no you [ __ ] don't make me though ah nemesis is literally annoying oh wait i don't know where he's coming from i don't know it's not mrs mr hayes damn it at least i got y'all [Music] yes my oh wait is he camping me is it why is he near you yes he's like just sick yeah he's coming all right okay oh wait now he's running i stunned him a minute oh foxy why is the flash torch not working [Music] i tried to stun him so i could quickly grab them oh who's on the dead what hold up hold on oh [Laughter] oh it's venezuelany i've done it [Laughter] come on get off the hook oh he's dead [Music] i'm hiding in a locker but i don't know where he is and he ran in the house that i was just in [Music] oh bloody hell checkpoint there we go [Music] where are you mr hiss all right you're off the hook right ah forgot six why do i suck at this game [Music] as well oh wait no no no it takes back everything i said [Applause] [Laughter] [Music] hello [Music] uh [Laughter] [Music] is [Music] and don't die he says um [Music] is [Music] yes i tried to [ __ ] spook this [Music] camping news what the hell am i hearing in the background on the way helps on the way is [Music] no it's only like music that's um through the dmca because of that i'm used for critique slash parody [Music] so you can get away with click that smile [Music] i don't want it on my stream sorry are you on youtube no i'm not on youtube gaming right god it wasn't youtube because [Music] that little bloody bit i've had enough with people going on about copyright this bloody month you can't use that like [Music] i hate when you get people like that and when they like claim your videos and you like you've used like two seconds of a clip a spooky [Music] oh the halloween charm sucks you know what you know the little charms you can put on like yeah um the side of your character [Applause] [Music] i've got a pride flag um a cup with a hot chocolate and a gift little gift thing yeah i think i've also got the pride flag somewhere where is it oh i don't want to i must have must have a mirror account is there a reaction to my character oh what have i done oh [Music] um [Music] yeah that's what i'm gonna do as well outside and i thought torment damien yes thank you thank you [Music] yep who's that what sound is that this one all right [Music] it's uh [Music] get over speed because i will any good that's what iron will any good i don't um but i don't know because like every youtuber uses it oh what oh oh my god [Music] can someone pretend they're morgan freeman i told you i had the cuteness there you go you've got your cream and your sugar now can someone remember morgan freeman as a survivor no please oh oh yes daddy there you go you've got your cream and your sugar [Music] skill checks um yeah i watch my fanny's coming through watch it thanks you smite theory of crows [Music] oh like are you creepy baby you kick the [ __ ] oh [ __ ] off where are you i'm going to come on body bluff oh ow the [ __ ] baby just took me out [Music] the [ __ ] babies just took me hungry [Music] did you hear that [Music] now [Music] someone help us put a man off the floor he got resulted by a baby pop it in my ass pop it in my air it's on youtube [Music] wait what i didn't know youtube does shorts now youtube sure you've got your cream and your sugar now oh my goodness [Music] oh it's creepy baby health is not on the way [Laughter] [Applause] damn you haven't even oh it's the creepy baby [Music] come on come on baby come on how dare you come on baby come on oh yes this music i might be come on you creep baby come on come on you babies come on come on mr keller come on i need to record this oh what have you been doing oh my [Music] thank you sweetie wait oh there's like a child the [ __ ] child oh god oh they can stop moving [Music] oh i feel good felt great kicking a baby oh what are you gonna do yeah the little shit's on the loose again oh wait she can use the baby as a tracker by the way everybody gets as soon as you come over here no you're over here because that baby's a tracker come on baby oh the most dramatic oh get this bloody wiggly the baby's still around somewhere i'm keeping an eye out for it ah this musical people use it their youtube videos should come after damien you [ __ ] [ __ ] you [ __ ] [ __ ] can't just say this music really works [Music] to get in oh it's out because nobody provides oh [Music] no you will leave me alone take yourself and you creep your baby and you eat yourself out here oh my god [Music] oh he's going after me i think [Music] go [Applause] wait oh you bled out you got knocked down [Music] oh [Music] is oh my god my thoughts exactly right i i'm going on to my break right are we good what a niptaster yeah get a couple of bits i've just been paid by the phone refund we've got a couple of bits beds we haven't even got the car walk around the corner oh we need to get some couple of bits for christmas christmas day yeah you want to be italian you got to see the quark what the co-op yeah no no no nobody apart from me and chris and stephen know about summerfield news didn't have summerfield then what i remember it because we're one more down south the petrol station used to have a summer field but i was young yeah whatever dave you don't remember summerfield [Music] yes but it's on a break i've got to go but i'll be back right you [Applause] i guess i'll see this guy soon then yep morgan freeman says bye morgan freeman adios amigos 27 sorry that's right so what do we need if we'll get answered first so we've got it we get chris no well whatever balls she said yeah but pick up some cocktail sausages and wrap around it i yes i know what i mean but hurry up because there's 26 minutes left probably should have just put it as an hour no i should have probably done an hour i don't know because chris is having half an hour right is it better to just extend it to an hour because damien is not ready yet so it's not really giving us time to go get something to eat i think yeah i'm just gonna extend it to an hour instead yeah that'll do one hour that's giving us plenty of time so you better get ready question turn the music down on the stream because it's probably too loud we got an hour organizing yes huh um respect on hello get it come on oh is well i wanted to cook quick damien because we haven't got [ __ ] time to be funny on right yep come on uh our notes great foreign me good morning bye is videos so a little chocolate one more is two seconds um hey ah uh that one yeah what's going on very [Music] thanks for watching pop it down [Music] dance i don't know what what's your fancy old one andre oh uh no surprise stealing anything like me give me this important um [Music] joe turned up he was upset with his father uh shannon and the uk traveling yo give me a [ __ ] like that but you'll have a [ __ ] guide alrighty good job well i said the only time i really got paid a difference is but i'm gonna pay the exact 200 grid um i'll work it out on campus um and then honestly the squishy bread for you oh [Music] thank you is [Music] on the xbox all right different [Music] oh [Music] [Laughter] [Music] is [Music] what you up to stephen what are you doing i'm playing oh no no no no no no no no no i know you respond today what's everyone else staying on well they're taking i've just come back to my stream but they're taking a break from the stream and jordan and us gate has gone to one of the shops that kind of remember to get some stuff because what we said was we're going to take a little break when you came on and have some food in that and then continue playing some games so we weren't eating too late at night if you know what i mean because i know jordan's going to jump on and play lunch later with you later isn't he when you get home which i think your wahoo oh at least i've got some peace and quiet because my mother's broken form [Music] my [Music] uh [Music] hey [Music] tell me [Music] three [Music] fun [Music] okay [Music] oh okay [Music] [Applause] oh [Music] ah [Music] hello hello [Music] your tyre tread is too thin yeah you're right i should have changed the tires but i wanted to keep them one more season your first aid kit is missing thanks for telling me i'll get a new one right away have you taken any drugs no of course not what do you take me for [Music] have you been drinking no i only ever drive when i'm sober [Music] show me your license and registration please thank you [Music] i like thank you very much [Music] why well you've done [Music] [Applause] [Music] i have to give you a fine [Music] foreign [Music] is [Music] three [Music] so [Music] yes [Music] hello hello you were driving too closely to the car in front of i'd rather not comment [Laughter] your first aid kit is missing i don't even know where it is [Music] have you taken any drugs [Music] have you been drinking of course i haven't had anything to drink baby show me your license and registration please thank you i'll have a look [Music] [Laughter] [Music] i have to give you a warning but don't let this happen again [Music] my all right [Music] this is a life-threatening situation can you take this [Music] to gps [Music] three three [Music] you're gonna be eating [Music] so [Music] let's go [Music] so [Music] happening [Music] hello hello you were driving too closely to the car in front of you that's not possible we have you on video your first aid kit is missing oh this is embarrassing [Music] have you taken any drugs no of course not what do you take me for have you been drinking no drinking is not my thing [Music] can i please see the documentation of your driving and resting times there you are everything seems to be okay can i see your freight documents please here are my papers beverages show me your license and registration please thank you i'll have a look [Music] stay back [Music] [Applause] [Laughter] [Music] i have to give you a fight [Music] [Laughter] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Laughter] [Music] hmm [Music] here's something else for you it doesn't seem to be anything special a laurie briefly lost control we're on rose [Music] [Applause] [Music] we've got 11 minutes left damien hmm this prison baby well i literally was i did tell them and why didn't you just you know block the door so they couldn't get out for me i would have just put me [Music] and i was trying to send money to damien to pay for quite a bit of the shopping and apparently nathan white has history at the moment that we can't send or receive money so i sent the money and it didn't even turn up in the back and i didn't know this until jamie and pointed out after i sent him now it's gone out from the back but it hasn't gone into the banister nightmare i can quite imagine yes everything it was every time my payday was coming in i'd log in to check my money and i would say that the website that the app is down because of maintenance [Music] it's always pda though it does it never any other deal [Music] i get the same [ __ ] with [ __ ] [ __ ] tsp [Music] uh [Music] you are the air record damien now we've got the haze error [Music] haze bruh there's a thing called hazel around there oh stephen [Music] to kill you damien that's what i was going to say yep i i i i can i have many ways of getting rid of a robertson a hayes and a tunstall you can't has been talking about this is a perfect way of getting rid of anyone [Music] how many you've been talking about a perfect way to get rid of rid of a west view without anyone even knowing [Music] you'll have to serve the dinner then mr westgate waiting for the chips to be done what about plates what about plates um that's all right what about them they're not washed you just have to get the white ones out the cupboard because i don't have the time to be getting up doing dishes because i start in five minutes yeah why is somebody on friendly i had to extend the time chris to an hour because he wanted to go to asda and that was yeah and somebody robbed a couple of kids yeah but damian i could have just easily put my foot out and tripped the little [ __ ] over and then i'll show it off thinking of it off next time i will well but when i get [ __ ] for off the store no not really well get it done by the police to say you've just uh hurt somebody just because they robbed the shop right so i get into trouble for stopping a robbery or a crime in a shop yet you can't support me and getting harassment dealt with i don't think they're going to say stuff if someone actually trips someone who's shot lifting over technically you can do a citizen's arrest technically so you can restrain them until the officers arrived why would you want to evolve all right yeah you've got as to security for that do you trip them over you get praised for it i think i'll literally we tripped them over and got oops sorry my bad yeah but if there was a gang of them i wouldn't have tripped them all over like they're not going to do anything demon because you've got security there that will back you up well yeah because then step in them over and it's like well you've done the right thing you couldn't remember to stop them so you've done the right thing by tripling but the thing is it allows security to catch up with them right are we playing more dbd when the timer gets to zero or are we playing another game i thought you were jumping right so me and stephen are just going to play some lunch lady then yes well i'll come off for a bit later do you want to set my title i'll come back shortly yeah i will after your time i thought what did you just get a timer for oh a break time for his brick [Music] right i'll still be yeah look stephen [Music] is on a break he will be back in right i'm gonna just definitely myself on discord for a bit and i'll be back in a bit once we're playing a bit more games okay we're scared right just just ping is on discord well stephen might want to play after lunch lady more dvd yeah just ping is on discord and then i'll come back in i'll just we'll play a bit of lunch lady and then we'll come back to dvd right no worries you can't beat some dvd exactly yeah i like to play different games other than that by their life yeah but i want to level up my bloody survivors but we'll complete that by day like later use completely different games you know right jordan your title has been changed he's [ __ ] connected a little tv i'll just leave him andrew hey i'm truth how do you know [Music] i'm can you stop [ __ ] pressing well stuff i push this button see what happens mike [Music] there we go forgotten um [Applause] when i'm not but i ain't no liar i don't send you my invite [Music] right are you ready me yes we'll be coming on dvd soon there chris so just just go as a killer for a bit i'm just screaming them just keep it at the minute what i was just doing a few bits and pieces i'm scared so he was asking if everyone's gone off jbd okay [Music] foreign you got the cafeteria key here she comes where is she oh she's downstairs yeah in the middle have you got the cafeteria key yeah i do yeah i'm gonna need you to unlock this let's go over here oh i now don't have a bloody medkit so she's gonna just [ __ ] watch army she's gonna [ __ ] oh yep yep she's coming to watch army oh oh i can't jump off the bloody balcony that's stupid i should be able there should be i should be able to escape no no no oh there she is yeah you come on fat [ __ ] [Music] oh [ __ ] she's cornering me cornering little [ __ ] [Music] damian are you even checking that the pies are up burning he's just walking around in a circle they're gonna be bloody ash before they even get taken out well there's the exit oh god i'm down he's down down are you done yes [Music] well oh there's a medkit here and i can't pick it up oh she's coming back i've just stairs to where we were before but she's i don't know where you are i wasn't well there you are i can see you yeah but i'm gonna try and get you oh [ __ ] she's coming [Music] yeah she is an angry [ __ ] she's at the exit door [Music] hmm [Music] just downstairs wait wait well [Music] oh that's a [ __ ] that's not screwed [Laughter] where is the medkit upstairs where i am oh she's coming back towards me okay [Music] on my way oh there you are oh there she is [ __ ] that [ __ ] [Music] am i the only person she's chased laughter [ __ ] sake she says is that what you said don't pull me head because it's your dad's job why are you calling people testing wow talk there what i used having filthy talk we are yes dirty i think someone's getting excited we're talking about uh whips and chains that we're going to get you for christmas damn oh you took off with my med kit [ __ ] only getting a [ __ ] suit as well oh wow oh wow oh that's going to be the best christmas present ever [Music] come on then fat [ __ ] yeah that's it bring your little fat ass over here [Music] oh body [ __ ] oh wow nice room i have the nurses room key right now nurse's room right [Music] oh i've got it what the hell is that thumping damien what is it is it the speaker oh [ __ ] there she is the fat cow miss me [ __ ] oh god [Laughter] [Music] online you think you want to talk i've already done it well your stupid one for [ __ ] yourself and you've robbed everything you've took them there comes the fatso [Music] oh there's another the game's stuttering i found the pool key [Music] there oh damn oh i already have a med kit all right okay i didn't realize oh [ __ ] please you're a [ __ ] you're fat we get it [Laughter] hmm and then [Music] [ __ ] what you think right there's a med kit down there there you go [ __ ] neither oh [ __ ] i need more pages oh you nearly got hit by a knife there where's all these pages don't open i'm tightening the [ __ ] power need one more page [Laughter] yeah yeah you keep coming fat bring those thighs upstairs [Music] oh you found it oh god she's coming back coming for me just hold on a minute steve [Music] what [Music] the hell's that damian what are you doing all right i just [ __ ] all i hear is a thumping bloody clown [Applause] [Music] guys [Music] daddy [Music] [Applause] [Music] oh [Music] watch this [Music] what do you think she's thinking [Laughter] she's coming stephen oh oh the bloody door's glitching [Music] [Laughter] what oh whoa dude [Applause] [Music] oh god she's there you've got [ __ ] over here oh god i can't hear a thing coming through apart from you thumping what [Music] [Laughter] office key [Music] there's a medkit in the bathroom [Music] oh damn damn [Music] down [Music] what [Music] yeah put on the song that he likes uh [Music] oh crap oh [ __ ] blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah blah [Music] this gem is in the [ __ ] game with us right now [Music] [Laughter] you miss me [ __ ] [Laughter] [Music] oh god she's chasing me up the [ __ ] stairs [ __ ] cow jammer piss off jesus christ [Music] oh yes [Music] [Laughter] [Music] no oh fat cow [Music] oh jesus christ [ __ ] just get up in my face [Music] [ __ ] off [Laughter] you know damien chips and um minis and salt on chips is a good thing [Music] ugh [Applause] [Music] so [Music] ah [Music] [Laughter] [Music] ah [Music] [Laughter] ah [Laughter] [Music] ah [Laughter] wow [Music] my wow oh [Applause] ah uh [Applause] wow ah [Laughter] oh [Laughter] ah hmm [Music] what [Music] ah hmm [Laughter] [Music] uh [Music] oh [Music] [Laughter] [Music] so oh [Music] ah huh um [Laughter] oh laughs so aah wow ah oh ah uh [Laughter] so oh ah uh [Music] ah ugh so [Music] okay yeah [Music] so [Laughter] so [Music] ready [ __ ] here [Music] [Laughter] [Music] uh [Music] oh [Music] [Laughter] [Music] and then oh my god [Music] um [Applause] um oh yes we'll have steven zoe this time for a change oh i would ask for another but i'm not gonna push him three survivors but um [Music] yeah 1500 2250. [Music] me [Music] | christopher hays | UCKsvLlvpQ9laS3ivZQiEAgw | 2021-12-21 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 8,936 | 47,236 |
aizcf2IYK7c | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aizcf2IYK7c | More Quests ! || Cyberpunk 2077 || Part 7 | foreign what's up guys hope everyone is doing A-Okay today uh let's see we got some things to do call out the killer burn foreign [Music] foreign is actually fairly large [Music] not even a scratch [Music] good each is a protocol foreign [Music] E9 35 I c35 Jesus stories uh thank you you like should have pinged them job complete were dummies all dead heck this joint b d today is not my day is it [Music] uh 35 . thankfully I've shipped on the time uh 35 I see E9 pretty pretty by 3D it's hard to learn how to take your time you gotta remember you gotta learn whoosh next up don't remember where everything leads me to so I guess I'm just gonna do these three first and do this one last because it's most likely gonna travel someplace else [Music] was everything going here by the way dirtation got a lot of money should I buy some extra perk points there's not really any points to be actually buying perfect so don't really feel like there's anything I agree ing [Music] okay that's one I don't remember what you get for finding all the tarot cards uh Graffitis foreign [Music] they locked the guy but now there's a chance he could walk jablonsky's family wants to balance the skills of justice for good you're finished foreign guilty meaning he deserves to die truly what did he do exactly I'm not a feature or not all right I'm in good lines will be waiting for you by a car corner of 6th and Brandon huh in a car client wants to tag along be there in Perth in person cinnamon well he's gonna have to wait easy I thought I saw another purple item somewhere around here foreign should I go check probably okay well nothing of Interest should I risk this going right through did I just pick up the stupid ass gun again and it's gone now good [Music] it's done so if you ask me you're probably one of the worst things in this game I've seen a reason yet to use them then again I've been mostly playing stuff [Music] oh foreign [Music] all right oh well Let's uh went fairly well I do say so myself sure gotta burn myself again uh [Music] it was a gonna do again where damage grease all resistance pretty stealth damage reduced speed at which enemies detects human stealth yeah definitely need to max out cool [Music] hmm no enemies that looks like an enemy uh icbd BD 35 B enemies [Music] you're so fun a little more let's come back fast can you level up um Demon's effects last 100 more start with this one don't remember where my car is characters mentaling everything for the loose foreign thank you okay ow my finger why is my body aching today uh let's see two more here this one we need to drive all the way over here though 100 sure we have quests here and three more there questioning my best Strife would be I think I'm actually gonna go this way then this way back onto the road up this way at least that's what I think where the [ __ ] did this cyber psycho come from you weren't there before once we clean the base we're going in and chill out with Judy Judy Judy Judy Judy that's not the name in the song well who keeps a booty or he's making new sense again it's a bad idea Sultan progress that's actually pretty nice the first one is instantly installed 55 BD and IC e97a ping Short Circuit it's not alive it was about the [ __ ] about the fact that you didn't instantly die surrender I thought this gonna explode you've thought wrong foreign engineering you'll throw the munchkins set puppy how's you dudes how are you feeling are you still tired or are you better yesterday I just was laying there for hour long instead of sleeping broad that is like me every single day like I go to beds and I lay in my bed for hours on ends I feel like finally fall asleep [Music] I don't actually normally means you have a more healthier sleep pattern than I then that I do that's for sure if I went to bed early now who would give you such a dumb advice uh oh I need e997a on survive if I didn't have a good sleep schedule oh yeah I believe that I trust you completely on that you're still [ __ ] life technically their old life they'll face was good glads and just like that they're all gone yep yep yep so the [ __ ] was that holy hell blinds anyways except I need a bad version for the term woke or the people that are extremely woke that they're dumb instead of woke was a nuke a nuke like Duke Nukem and what the [ __ ] my car retards okay I know you can't call people retards then they get offensive as you're using the word retards it's got It's gotta be a words that we can use that doesn't seem like an initial bad word [Music] prejudative anyways what the [ __ ] is a pejorative I'm not a smart person I'm not good with words even though I'm writing a [ __ ] novel slash call me slash whatever [Music] foreign [Music] that's so woke yo [Music] the parade will soon start I will wait where we met before the storms stay out of trouble okay everything woke is trash according to the internet [Music] a little cool and my personal opinion honestly [Music] ic7a IC into E9 okay wait what up yeah I just unlocked it oh yeah it's an ability in the intelligence and then breach protocol and then the Head Start foreign perks and fill this entire field up as well soon JK H2 Kenshin it's just an epic said nothing I mean I've been reading through most of the perks finding things that are useful but I can't find anything good at least not at the moment anyway okay from here we go to teleport or teleports and then do this one I think I'm gonna do the quests after I do all the criminal activity it's usually with the quests I need to thrive from point A to point B anyways afterwards [Music] foreign [Music] my body today yo is aching like a [ __ ] thank you well V there's just techy Big Pete he just made an appearance in the Badlands only I'd rather he hadn't catch my meaning I'm sending some info onto static scum your way uh why is it aching I don't know man you're another nuke and again are these bastards sneaking my ass where's an easy E9 really isn't an easy E9 for me to take at least not without it's 555e9 sure I now still [ __ ] it up e978 is nice good job boarding [ __ ] you it does that I'll live I should have been seriously Ziller [ __ ] are you on about Ziller aches don't rule except it's the only time I feel life when I'm aching okay poor sealer [Music] feeling lying been alive [Music] [Applause] actually take control now turned off I want to kill these two [ __ ] anyone else nope Can't Touch This [Music] foreign Target Quest not so smoked wait better idea peace staying alive asq non-lethaling them as always I just know lethal them just shoot them in the head afterwards well that's such a nice thing to do um bd7a five BD ad7abd good is when I accidentally normally sold them I shoot them in the face oh Batman [Laughter] where's this [ __ ] fault uh Big Pete there's a downstairs likes to leave them crippled they were dead and the rest of the crew wouldn't count on it so I'm supposed to take the ball for a piece of [ __ ] jamming that don't even work sometimes it shines and sometimes it rains sound like my brother wait you're the one who saved tiny Mike don't change the subject Mikey said you're a solid Merc change your mind and I'll pay you kiss and say goodbye right after finding my fine I'll leave don't want you ready just go thanks such a nice person don't you guys think was either that or kill him and I didn't feel like killing huh like what am I supposed to say to Tiny Mike but kill his little brother big fat man they don't kill [ __ ] is [ __ ] is this well me I hadn't expected you to be so accommodating still let's call the problem for Tibet I'm closing the book on this one who cares if they look alike or not foreign you don't mess with family something like that what does the Vin Diesel mean that recently yeah or recently I think it's already like a year old or something [Music] foreign yeah with super hacking abilities don't forget about that [Music] 55b55 foreign [Music] super such foreign [Music] easy peasy lemon squeezy get the you won't kill I'll make sure you get off easy [Music] um I see 35 BD the hell Joel hopefully I get up there again down here you're seriously making me look for you come on seriously making me look for you oh he turned around butthole oh yeah yeah hold that one I'll make that's the way we'd like to see it oh of course he already has to break his legs do you jump if it didn't break my legs now would it bloom [Music] foreign that certainly did not go as plans okay you already you gotta be a little bit more careful don't just oh [ __ ] [Music] well according to plan [Music] let's just not do that again let's just park our car nicely around here well that was fun right guys I would have laughed my ass off if I could have survived it though E9 E9 uh seven a nice see nine [Music] I would make a clip of that but Clips are broken sag I'm gonna contain a pages apparently not the entire area two mofos definitely Bing though looking at least see are all the problems are foreign [Music] and Yogi says maybe we should switch to a different because they did but then your D says too much effort sit down in the car then go to this one [Music] and they broke all this [ __ ] off yo why they do that because I'm too choose a wax Zone I don't know what a whack means 7A Eden my brain is so slow today my brain is slow all the time oh I'll deny that foreign that sounded like it was getting spoiled at four seconds foreign time to go back all the way there when do they keep sending nukes my way foreign [Music] goes [Music] foreign [Music] are there any cars that go faster than this [Music] 210 not 2010 you ding dong [Music] foreign I need you to deliver Trevor brass's remains to the address attached the Young Life inside was snuffed out by a rates bullet Trevor's parents can't bury their son until he's back home you can help make that happen I have attached all the info you need oh boohoo well where's my info there it is the protocol 55 I see zincline foreign Target that [ __ ] like whoops dirty [ __ ] enough you are a winner winner or winner dummy dummy [Music] foreign [Music] IC ic7a hmm after me and kudiki you already is it still worth picking these things up I don't know I still don't have my reach protocol maxed out so I guess even though I'm pretty sure I can just buy experience points for that too but where the funding is where's the fun in that Traverse last right that's not disruption oh here he is oh or [ __ ] probably check if there's still something upstairs yeah remember if on my original playthrough I sneaked through this without killing minimal stealth killing was kind of pain in the ass after all thank you friend Sports is already waiting V where though there all right load them in the back time to go home Trevor where are these twitch Community guideline updates did I do wrong this time Trevor's last gig on tracks closed easiest to understand so today you're happy to introduce our update Community guidelines dang that okay that means we got more quests to solve are there any over here no oh so we need to go back here just one okay Dakota whatever let me first clean this one out though what didn't you do wrong I mean Maybe I'm a nice guy I don't do things wrong with them right right guys right [Music] oh [Music] this guy shouldn't be too bad it might just rock me a bit ready to Tech now whoa whoa whoa hey V a truck hauling cyberware crashed in the Badlands its top grade Chrome but the ncpd is not in much of a hurry tells me they suspect the Cyber Cycles the cause and it's got them spooked check it out but no killing if you can help it check it out no killing if you can help it wait is this another sniper bolt butthole all right oh no I think I killed every single cyber cycle in my previous playthrough I also don't remember Regina ever saying to me that I shouldn't kill them in my original playthrough then again what the [ __ ] do I remember I remember to brush my teeth go to the toilet hydrate those are all the manual functions that I can remember to do cyber psychos yeah cyber psychos yeah but that's what I'm saying I can't remember and that's why I was talking about the fact that I don't remember much that I only remembered to do these basic needs [ __ ] is that okay that's our cyber psycho good to know foreign not hit him with anything else thankfully the electricity holy [ __ ] this guy hurts okay I gotta find a different approach to this because head-on is not gonna work [Music] are you [ __ ] kidding me or do you dumb piece of doo-doo brain it was super easy when I was playing melee and maybe I should just go over to my gorilla arms but then again I don't have high level 40 right now so maybe it's not as easy I remember this guy being easy as well first time around Nate is ass in peaceful that is [ __ ] genius idea sir now if you know how to use it at least sure as hell did not know how to use them oh crap ah foreign [Music] EP doesn't work multiple times I realize this it only works once until we then you need to wait until the [ __ ] thing wears off I wonder why I can't hit it with anything else uh let me put on what's that thing called cyberware [Music] not synapses weapon glitch wait do I not have a system reset which doesn't work [ __ ] do we not have yeah is there no uh legendary for cyber Ware malfunction damn it this one right craft yeah I will try that first I'm gonna try this though picky [ __ ] oh that's weird there's no legendary maybe I can buy it though a little bit late for now but still or later maybe can't use system reset anyways right now nice pick already installed probably doesn't work for him maybe I can spoil them okay cyber rare malfunction works again oh I see that he has something on there they didn't oh God Tori I think this is gonna do much though okay holy [ __ ] I can't use [Music] thingy enemies are super annoying [Music] foreign [Music] foreign Jesus bruh can you not [ __ ] piece of shites submit finally got him though Jesus 78 55 crap fill that that was uh nothing short of a close call you asked me where the [ __ ] am I go this way oh there's another one I [ __ ] couldn't I see that one before so I'll just use the teleporter over here submit [Music] question teleporter or drive you know what we're driving it's not that far away I bet loading and then walking or getting into my car takes longer than just driving [Music] oh really lame [Music] [ __ ] hell this place is a mess [Music] foreign [Music] thinking of recycling [Music] oh this one I know this one I think maybe a sparring partner item needs to be salvaged from the landfill before some gunks chop into pieces I've attached some more details for you okay so it doesn't matter how I take care of things good to know um Eerie in the corner security guards give [ __ ] about security guards foreign you know he already does not have the brain power sometimes for this kind of stuff case uh nobody could tell 55 IC 55 yeah no brain power by 55 Ed IC change this one back to not suicides system reset oh foreign oh yeah now I remember this place uh this is not the still safe Zone two cameras but I'm not really a nice person so I'm just gonna [ __ ] everyone over here sorry bro E9 ICICI seeing the check further yeah whatever um bd7 oh thank you so yeah anyhow junk Bender selling anything interesting that depends on what you're interested in pictures that's what I'm interested I mean what I'm not in the mood for your [ __ ] you're not gonna let me through anyways instead I'm just gonna do my thing and take out the bloody [ __ ] trash uh E9 mm-hmm BD 55 into [Music] out here 50 oh no that was wrong damn it you're just having a bit of uh bad spring thingy okay so let's see oh yeah there really isn't a [ __ ] maybe because system shutdown is exactly the same but whatever oh yeah oh yay singing over as Dutch songs okay that's enough Four Guys these people just work here I just uh and their sorry lives like it's nobody's Bloody Business [Music] mmm [Music] beautiful the red Joe's training starts tomorrow then it won't be long until you hear his name again he has potential that boy nice work Reds Joe let me um blast these components through l oh yeah foreign get rid of all the greens and the whites okay that is okay um I want to go to crafting real quick reads I could upgrade that but that's not what I'm looking for I want to make a bunch of Max stocks so I need once at least 50 all right so I need like 100 in total this a Recon grenade first craft all these bad boys if you usually don't need the white opponents anyways um these right yeah so six six because all of them just use like half then the same here it's all of them I want like 15 okay assumables should be able to make at least 50 yeah very nice very nice it's not for like right now but if I get into hairy situations I can actually use those instead of being worried that I instantly run out third Tamer Damon has worked friendly turrets in the network for three minutes we don't care which one I get just grab those okay crafting went up for like new levels I guess or just one two reduce upgrade holes super nice okay where are we heading next oh yeah I remember where we are heading next there's another Quest somewhere uh here's the teleporter or to put Traveler I I remember or the one thing that I do not like I feel like we should be able to Quick travel to Quick travel points and not just from Quick travel points to create two breaks where I will quick quick level points I'm fine everything is a-okay there it is I know that somewhere in here is like uh cash or something with a bike picked up a whale who cares [Music] foreign [Music] nope [Music] hey I need your help I've lost contact with Benedict McAdams and the driver who was supposed to get him out of town head to the coordinates I gave you see what you can find more details attached what I can find is a [ __ ] ton of trouble if that is um anything to go by uh beading uh we're going into seven a IC oh that wasn't necessarily what I had in mind foreign you know I feel like I should have listened to my own advice today which is you already you should go to bed instead of actually going to stream and play a game not that it's really important or anything it's just my brain is that it there was just one guy here in the turrets let me just turn it off and not let it explode seems like an awfully bad idea if you know what I mean foreign X sometimes she press [ __ ] square sometimes she press [ __ ] Escape It's never enough it's always something you know a new Faith see militech's been investing in young Talent Joe you here to take me on a little field trip I'm here on Dakota's behalf Christ sakes now you're telling me I loathered this whole playing tough in the face of death thing all right let's get you out of here [ __ ] I haven't used my legs for a straight month let's use this car uh Ben let's go you know what I missed most in that basement Blues ziggs okay tonight melons [Music] things I miss my Waypoint sorry [Music] wait for Dakota's guy it's this [ __ ] nugget in this [ __ ] boom view hey Nick Adams over here Starkey it's been years you look like [ __ ] I'm a bit indisposed looks like you'll have to be my chauffeur a v FYI AI Dakota's sending over your payment Nova thanks have a good one can I take this car now this car is pretty sweet I guess not am I a if you hit me oh you better with your tiny [ __ ] crap mobile Watch Out Boy watch out oh hey this one wasn't here before one just appeared so did this one ah I don't even have to wait on the notification Gotta Wait on my shirt sometimes the car just gets right to your ass sometimes it just makes you walk like 45 miles before you can actually get to it foreign [Music] I know this one I know this fun one foreign I think we can do this one completely sitting outside this one is great I know this one I already said that didn't I his body wants him out and make sure Bruce tastes tastes specifics attached gotta save this Merc reach for a goal uh icbd ic7a I see VD I see bingo oh do not kill any of the middle effect personnel working on it oh which means I can't use the turrets it's now attacking for the build team thing cameras need some better hands I can use full-fledged hundred percent uh do need to turn the third soft scare me here's where our boys be at foreign ly modes foreign guy left I don't think I can actually reach him though with the cameras and I think good enough foreign you were already friendly let's see I know where he is friendly modes of Bingham again I think he got problems okay better one is so far away we should be fine do some hacking and fixing and whatever no I see to start off with I see seven aim uh good enough Crouch scene okay I'm sometimes typing is so hard reach Bruce at risk video this one is fall off [Music] it's a good idea to actually take him out okay foreign way you're not militech easy tune art you send me Archie Archie crane the very same but don't go jumping for joy gotta get out of here Archie knew who to send you sat here long enough let's shake that rust off tell me twice goodbye night City top the archbolt Brucie baby was starting to think we'd never get you out of that dump Archie you piece of [ __ ] what it's because of people like you that camp even exists I saw you behind the wheel how much they paying you huh enough for me to buy your ticket out of here you can thank me later right now we gotta get moving oh and V if you ever plan on quitting night City careful around the borders accidents have a way of turning fatal why can't we not just like leave the city I don't think I understood that exactly as agreed Bruce was freed and escorted back to Archibald and the fact that you did it without unnecessary Bloodshed isn't lost on me the payment should be parked in your account by now contract contract closed time to go grab myself for bonus level up again [Music] um reflexes per points [Music] okay I think we're gonna use the teleporter this time because then I can go grab something to drink [Music] while I waited for the loading to finish plus we can instantly teleport to a different location [Music] fuel station foreign wondering what I got but they never actually show that what I get for my request Rewards good job you already you're drooling [ __ ] I need to open the quest first most to um teleportation points nice foreign did you hear about militech's new mobile radar unit on the border well it's bad for smuggling bad for the avocados and definitely bad for me I want to know what makes it tick but I need to get my hands on it first snatch me dead radar and I will make sure you're well compensated details attached this is another easy one at least I say it's an easy one but I doubt it actually is and then touchdown keep it together suspect I think it's one of ours hey more instructed to reveal yourself this guy should just hit on the back of the pool foreign they are really [ __ ] close by thing we hope to achieve are these robots so fine let me use it without being in mind locating suspect BD 55 I see 55 feet leads um gaining suspect you are instructed to reveal yourself huh friendly mode is that oh wait let's see you are instructed to reveal yourself you are instructed to reveal thyself just feel it should be easy right Network Oh wrong button C you see people too [ __ ] easyo la la la la la foreign beautiful really my people are already tinkering with the radar militech is it doesn't seem like it guys a job well done your payment is coming in hot because I'm heartless [ __ ] yo in the garage take good care of her damn bro you're making me move all the way it's fine it wasn't even oops oh sorry sorry sorry sorry sorry start was an accident [Music] foreign [Music] oh here it is oh baby thank you president too much sounds oh okay we're done with [ __ ] Dakota's area that's still ow leaves us with why a few areas left to go but we ain't touching those yet until we really need to like we're done here except for this turret card which I need to do a request for rogue most likely because area is completely cleaned up all that's left is this side and this pit of town and then this bit of town Pacifica so um should be good uh uh five right so I would need to buy ten which is 60. it's a completely um one two three four five six seven eight nine ten okay now we got quick hacking and breached completely maxed out seems legit I still don't know what I want to do with these Hidden Dragon movement speed still need to level most of these up this one might be good detection time we already got the faster movement speed while sneaking Christians up might be nice I don't know if that goes together with uh whatever definitely granting the immunity to poison would be nice grease health regen this one might be nice as well eventually old blood doesn't really have anything either I think right because we don't actually gain cold Bloods health regenerocyte and outside of combats while having cold blood stacks oh that one is actually nice quick transfer reduces click hack upload time per stack of Cold Blood it might actually not be as bad as that I think it is the feeling doesn't mean kill technically so maybe J.I nator what's up welcome sorry I hope I did not uh say that incorrectly Rhys Max stack of cool Blood by one it's not too bad for the next stages uh attack speeds don't really care about that okay I'm gonna ask you how to pronounce that because my brain is not very functioning today [Laughter] because I I read like J right but it might not okay Jay ah uh Jai Jai [Music] okay Jai e okay I'll try and get that correct I'm sorry [Laughter] thank you very much for the follow welcome to the stream by the way and how are you doing um I don't think we need anything blade wise and guns is the type of gun that I want to end up using might be fun eventually nothing on Smart specific though we have the assault rifle also don't really have anything on smarts but by that point we'll figure something out it's not my main way of combat anyways ooh fall damage reduction L3 generation increase health regen threshold from 60 to 65 in combat and 200 out of combat okay shoots while sprinting sliding and faulting sprinting does not drain stuff that's what we want still gotta up everything though reload weapons melee damage okay Annihilation switch shotguns mostly do not intend to use that like machine guns Street brawler blunt weapon stamina post okay yeah I uh feel like I know what we're gonna do continuing forwards is most likely go into Cold Blood here doesn't mean I need to level it up a bit more reflect City Wards in the garage and then we're gonna continue with Judy's questline how far is my levels with um quick hacking is almost level 20 which is pretty nice reach protocol still needs a little bit more a B has crashed outside Jesus Christ what kind of ugly thing is this fast it ain't fast I don't want it so Jordy you might as well use it to get to Judy is over here foreign damn it's been a while been out of the city this entire [ __ ] time and all of a sudden I'm in the city again I have to be careful drivers [Music] shoot him in the cookie [ __ ] foreign got to do something with her don't want any trouble I'm calling the badges can you carry her to the bed as if that'll change anything [ __ ] Sideshow I need to report an accidental death poor Evelyn poor Judy North Side Jackson Street no no imminent danger ous today what part of dead don't you understand no she was not pronounced he said by trauma team if she'd have had coverage we wouldn't be talking [ __ ] you if you don't want to move [ __ ] you why don't I come down to the precinct and draft it into bits now will you counteract me you [ __ ] fine I don't give a [ __ ] what you write me up for they'll be here soon told me to Keep Her On Ice until tomorrow can you believe the balls All Things Considered you let them off pretty light had it been made they'd have gotten an earful like nobody's biz I'm gonna put something on her rather she look like a person than a body could you wait outside yeah close the door V please you know what third I love another last minute didn't know you smoked quit it's been years but right now I need something sides air in my lungs please V just one here I think this is the scene that I used for the thumbnails background she smokes some strange Boutique brand That's Heavy whenever she pulled on a new what you up to today ask you down to the details a lot of people know the real Evelyn who she really was no nobody mints [ __ ] Evie do I have to I let her down I thought if I gave her some space or time she'd get back on her feet good at this stuff you don't need to talk I did more for her than anyone else had a motive to find her Duty you know that it's what you bring that counts you gave her the freedom to choose yeah maybe boards just never imagined she'd choose this her condition you gotta do something about it Tech was she was clean double Shard was operational uncorrupted so psychological trauma had to be that did some more digging in her virtues found Woodland he kept her had his way with her did and once he got bored he pawned her off no idea that guy was such a monster saw him as your ass that's a good thing I actually killed him he's back actually punched him a little bit too hard I knew him but I never thought him that sick gotta be something I can do about thinking about the word boards why are we booing Reds I don't know yet I think I'll call SQ that's a typical you thanks V sorry but uh I'd rather be alone now promise to keep in touch anything comes up holler on the hollow I guess that was everything for now I actually anticipated we instantly continue the rest of the quest but then again I don't remember our Jack [ __ ] of this game uh do we talk do we do takamura or should we do Sinners or any of the other ones we still need to do uh you know what let's do takamura most of the other things are in different parts of town anyways I can do a check on the guy with the Ripper dock near our near Victor I was Jordy and Dougherty don't know how dordy is doing but Jordy is doing fine just has some uh body aching problems that are kinda getting in the way other than that he's fine [Music] shit's on the stick I'll sell nut Runners may use their are you still alive I want to go inside there can I go let me in there this guy guarding and makes you interested in like wanting to go inside but there's nothing you can do there's nothing to do there foreign baby uh uh I need 50 reflex for this thing anything [Music] I mean no feedback circuit still need way too much junk foreign [Music] foreign curiosity kills the little munchkin cats what curiosity are you talking about SQ nanny foreign drowsiness and sleepiness oh in the block door and that makes sense actually he did it again I could probably use your help oh he's dodging my car probably just I couldn't really care about getting dumped it first I'm always the one tell me when and where tell me when and where God ways but we can't always help other people thanks Brenton what would I do without you I gotta go now but but thanks for listening to all my bitching I beg you even Donald Lundy sometimes goes through a whole tub of ice cream and three packets of tissues Brandon you are the sweetest person I know he's that girl you were talking to oh you mean Theo she's my bestest friend gosh she's so nice and insensitive and sensitive I like talking to her definitely way more fun than bumping out Caramel Lattes why do I get the feeling that judging people on how they look and feel is ever so slightly Beyond you you said you liked some people more than others earlier you thought of a joke you're sentient you've got to be stuck you're making me blush you're making me blush which would mean I'm overheating and my circuits are frying not fun at all that's what I thought take care Brendan spontaneous craving satisfaction machine okay uh let's go to takamura I want to start it's a dead end we'll do PanAm is foreign level cap currently on 65 I think I'm just gonna [Music] if I put it to 75 I think we should be fine be able to max out everything and on level 50 I'm gonna go grab the get our base here ready like all the air armor air more are more in things are guns [Music] B Justin yeah are you sure hey girl wow you look like a million Eddies is that so that is not how I feel I ate what you call a scotbook uh-huh and what do you think tasty ask the people below the parade will soon begin I adjusted the data from okay I advise you to examine it yourself to begin with the malware works truly much better than I anticipated our eyes and ears are in the God room I observed the CCTV and I know where the sniper positions are they are Trio you must make each harmless before they do the same to me there are many ways to reach them the first is nearby he should not be a problem the second is worse you will have to climb as for the third he hides on the Footbridge over the street we are here anakusama's platform will stop here close to the emergency exit we will use when always done from these points you will have a clear view of the parade but the snipers will see things even better if they notice you bang no more things if this sounds dangerous consider that I must deep to the float enter through a window and meet hanakosama face to face the last is what I fear the most is all this clear are you ready plants [ __ ] beyond all recognition yet here I am I know and I thank you for this thank me once it works and get in position very well wait for my signal stay safe stay safe kudo we know a cooler Goro all right his name is majima [Applause] once my body remember to be careful what you will face Network okay good to go they'll let us begin you must reach old snipers before [Applause] [Music] [Applause] let's check it out it'll be beautiful you are close he's almost he's watching the crowd now he's back oh no what hit him he's watching his clothes nine [Music] pdic United foreign take the Footbridge at the top to cross the street can I actually hidden from here behind shutters foreign I am linking you in we both can listen again over and it is just as we expected Oda is here I will contact you with any news I know that borged out ogre Adam [ __ ] Smasher guy killed you right [Music] for you you must not throw attention I almost fell there you have a sniper rifle you can shoot snipers from anywhere on the map you don't have to reach them ah but I don't have sniper rifle thanks for the tip by the way unless I like sneaking it's probably what I do best anyways found out sneaky little shooties woof these words are not for his friends members of his family their true cost s are covered the lack of terrorism that consume 4 000 lives regular Soldier should preach for a courier though um ic55 I see [Music] seven a a good sometimes this is so hard and here's yours give me my [ __ ] foreign [Music] already messed up that's great I should find like another 55 into feeding himself that's nice foreign stop bullshitting game um icbd ice scene I see I see coin because try to reach you can climb up from there and if that doesn't work you can use the Footbridge to your right watch out for the floor Jets unless you're the intensely together snipers out I'll keep my head low for rentals come out with your hands in the air serious row row row too much go away did not dissipate someone to just walk in here oh okay uh what was my last checkpoint that would be great to know foreign try to reach the maintenance area you can climb up from there so he's up there and if that doesn't work am I gonna try it again to your right watch out for the floor Jets unless you need them to get cooked yeah sure you're only making it worse for yourself I'm out huh wait he just instantly spots me serious okay good to know even if I have that key I can't use it I thought it was weird that they give you something like that do you pretend to get cooked I'll keep my head low those parts pipes try to climb them [Music] SQ what's up it's been a while since [Music] you said even since I said yeah that's true it's been a very long time because I only said like once in my entire life in our store that I haven't said it since [Music] foreign [Laughter] but I didn't read it out loud because I'm smart and definitely not a cat but then again I just blew myself up again so so much for being smart right ah I can't believe I let that happen I hit myself on the face a little bit too hard eco the mighty hiko naughty yeah that's right I'm a munchkin that would be all yes apparently well done what problem remains and that is right now she has taken control of all the networks you must get rid of her will not be able to hijack the float otherwise [ __ ] okay on my way I don't think Eco was all right it was in the chats when you typed it uh yeah to the second sniper's test [Music] also you won't be hearing um him say it because you know foreign [Music] so you know [Music] what am I supposed to know oh [ __ ] not good I have an audition pull up holding [ __ ] is she even been on a while time for a break [ __ ] of course you're here is that time of month again or day see if I can kill him or not kill him holy [ __ ] foreign [Music] people have moves but guess that's not the case also I died very badly [ __ ] am I close of 400 skins in League I don't know because you've played it along you go I mean have you played a lot only since 2016 a while time for a break [ __ ] of course you're here when [ __ ] didn't I hit him thank you [Music] ah do I really have to wait so long again it's like two years ago you also get skins over time I mean I never said that you bought them though been on a while I need more sounds guys [ __ ] of course here give me foreign oh but I didn't want to kill him okay do her reloads yeah let me reload I don't I didn't really want to kill him just before I kill or shut them down to be honest I don't know want to know how much I spend on MTG bro I've spent more on Yu-Gi-Oh than I've spent in my entire life on video games I think or at least in-game consumable video game [ __ ] hey what is your status hey I managed to either he did he's breathing for now please be show him Mercy there should be nothing standing in your way now we press forward you and your [ __ ] sick sense of Honor the days your lucky day though thank your old friend Goro hey wait I need to click save here because I can't loot him so I need to punch him real quick hello where are you is he dead or is he life okay he's alive now because I do want the jechumaru and this and that and that what is the Chichi Maru anyways is that iconic weapon it better be [ __ ] yeah that's what I wanted game um anything else did I get any better gear legendary arasaka Bulletproof it's not so we can dismantle this for freebies thank you [Music] damn that was a fight I like that we're actually playing on hard modes and I can't insecure everything I see BD BD okay Prem online and in the system hanukkah's inside what is she doing trying to call someone you think try to listen do not forget to disarm the alarms I must be able to enter here foreign [Laughter] [ __ ] hell I forgot what he did yo he actually goes and [ __ ] shoots her I mean non-lethily obviously because that's a thing but [ __ ] yourself welcome back sap yeah for now lost your [ __ ] mind there's no time where are you an abandoned Apartment block on Vine Street second floor number 303 oh boy oh boy Gordo Gordo Gordo you're [ __ ] dumbass how the [ __ ] did he get there so fast this man is a mage he can teleport news coming to you live from Japan knock four times make sure nobody follows today [Music] worry about is lakako how the [ __ ] did he get there so fast he's Mr Bean Voice magic you gotta F packing books on what packs more yeah even though I had since already I needed to do the boss over again because I uh apparently still killed him [Music] when I shoot them in there the head goes away yeah of course it does when you do it SEP with your [ __ ] uh [Music] foreign [Music] even if I shoot it with a Pax weapon in the head they still blow up for me ASAP okay so I'm curious because you can save uh Ura during this sequence so I'm kind of curious how though attacking mirror sounds like garbage I'm gonna kill them from now on you go back for him you just do it okay just like that okay coming inside quick field now are you gonna tell me what the [ __ ] you were thinking I used the sedative she tried to enable her tracker I had no choice I offered her are you mad wait I was there that night at Kentucky Plaza I saw Subaru arasaka die he wasn't poisoned that's a lie your brother made up and spread your Nobu is the murderer you must be mad to think I will listen to such nonsense [Music] mad got no idea lady got a voice in my head see an engram one of your personality constructs I stole the Relic your Nobu tried to Pedal off on net watch while I was making my Escape I got a bullet to the brain Relic saved me but now the damn thing's killing me and I gotta stop it these living proof of the terrible crime your brother committed we can confirm every word he speaks if only you will help him with the Relic Ama did you hear that go and check I got a bad feeling about in the morning kill we're gonna go try and save my [Music] mind forget him guys toast unless you want to wind up like him going up [ __ ] wait can I jump through the hole with my super jump [ __ ] can foreign return you will start here with me thank me later I need to find a way out fast there are empty rooms to the right it's our only chance oh or did you are you [ __ ] kidding me shovel in the face and dies ah got a protocol otherwise I'm not gonna actually shut them down well kind of how it's supposed to go oh shut up hiko just keep up [Laughter] okay let's see where we end up so true yo that should have been an ending to the game okay foreign protocol IC BD 55. 85 PD they just short circuits [Music] sure sir okay sir okay [Music] I have a return you will die Thank Me Later need to find a way out now fast oh got it he's hiding oh I missed this foreign [ __ ] actually keep spawning come on pakee we actually made it the [ __ ] just kept spawning Jesus [ __ ] are you guys talking about I need to read that after I get the [ __ ] out of here come on oh [ __ ] be careful we must go different ways how long we have a better chance really think so and go now can literally just refuse to go get were asked to get that's an ending get that for me no ending you will die and it's your fault it's the game where you were sent out to get some water [ __ ] ups like us AC's busted dirty needles under the mattress [ __ ] clogged sweat thing for the next RPG that has a question and options to fall out in Vegas but in different settings yeah someone leaving town just keeps driving somebody going there sleeps in the damn City what Good's a motel in the middle of nowhere yep just two [ __ ] losers and I thought we were screwed when Goro kidnapped Hanukkah she decided to cross a court this is what happened you think you just stepped in [ __ ] actually you fell head first into a cesspit anyone knocked blast the [ __ ] door no warning and if it's Goro who are you kidding in 24 hours since we split up complete radio silence rest in peace bastard saw him yourself even without his implants he was fighter he'll pull through doesn't matter how good you are in nights you're [ __ ] hear that car at this hour in this place I don't have a shotgun yo [ __ ] just one finger on the trach V I can't save right now not a word I have a message for me don't touch that door I know you're in there finally oh that on the wall is that blood oh so you were saying got a message what'll start the message she's a doll it's a doll or a proxy I must make one thing clear I still think you are mad Hanukkah that you but I can fool myself no longer I believe you any word from Goro split up when we went on the Run takamura is in a secure location that is all you need to know at this time how'd you find me did you really think it would be enough to leave the city takamura mentioned he had placed a tracker on you yet even had he not when arasaka wishes to find someone it finds them porcelain [ __ ] okay so now that you know and believe what's next you're a Nobu planted a Tanto and the corporation's very heart I must act while a wound is fresh and you will help me you are living proof of his crime and treason you're gonna help me first perhaps I did not speak clearly we must act quickly well I'm pretty tight on time too dying in fact my dead body make for a pretty lame-ass Witness I understand want to know everything you know about makoshi mikoshi one of my father's Flagship projects a dado Fortress with servers situated on orbital stations all around Earth think of it as an archive of Personality constructs digitized psyches try a prison a matter of perspective in any case that is not where you will find Salvation not without extensive knowledge of The Relic and the construct creation procedure foreign was hiding under Kang Tao's wing we chatted think sooner or later the engram will completely consume me a process can't be stopped a surprisingly deterministic conclusion for a man of science at the very least I got my hands on The Relic schematics got detailed information about its inner workings project Tech documentation all useful even more so given that Hellman is still alive I will contact him and explain that one does not leave arasaka by the back door all I know about constructs is that one of them's had to kill me got no idea how to re-watch The Matrix or how to remove it there is only one possibility Soul killer or rather it's newer more powerful version you must acquire it me it's our socket tank technology my brother does not allow even his closest Associates to touch my hands are tied in this matter it's about the extent of what we've got what now I am sending you my private line contact me if you acquire more information about Soul killer and only then From This Moment onward we both must exercise Extreme Caution foreign well that's my job done you know what what I think I'd rather had a wave of soccer leads we got what we wanted don't tell me that proxy got to you [ __ ] you come on think about it yesterday Hanukkah was living in a world that was completely safer what she got on her true I rather go for new experiences than re-watch old ones and then be disappointed he's alone and she's [ __ ] herself more than we are uh huh clink what did you say clink um sound of her attaching her leash some of her attaching her leash damn bro damn surprise me though that's agent Smith and the rest used beagles beagle gotta admit nah [ __ ] third trimester cramping it's not like huh you sure can't be that bad if you make it right [ __ ] that was your ticker sit and rest don't need your flat money while we got a job today you really are turning into me can't say I'm excited because you're a manipulator an egotist and a cynic every time you open your mouth you gotta bury someone you know we get along as the need arises maybe it's time you started trusting me more got no idea where I'm going a living legend that's all I wanted feels like I'm barely surviving test if a person's True Value death facing it staring it down you still got a chance to be somebody Maybe what was it like when you died what's on top of the world failure not an option not a thought till it happened death feels real now it's only now I know it now and have a century to come to terms makoshi felt I don't know like sleep lacked awareness had no sense of passing time didn't mark it did what they wanted to me I just remember cold I Platt void fear or or was that your death well I think I get why you detest the place shouldn't exist of all the destruction and pain Corps reek around the world what happens at makoshi is worst know why they strip you of your right to die no different than being kept alive on a respirator that ain't the worst bit worse things when they switch up your identity and you never even know you've become someone else corpse have already taken the world for their own now they're coming for us let's move get back to work Let's do let's move get back to work did I get anything fun out of this [ __ ] other than uh um such foreign though 300 times but almost isn't completely yeah yeah okay what are we gonna do next I feel like we should be having like quite a decent amount of quests to do right got a side joke there go ditch some [ __ ] in my apartment cool oh thank you shivers open the stash boy foreign are for some so my junk sell that 28 280k decent amounts if I say something legendary cyberware sure anything else that I can now grab in some restores 10 Health as you fully after you discharge a fully charged weapon with a Hitman enemy I don't know if that is actually handy for me already got that micro generator Health drops to 15 release an electroshock hey I didn't know I could do that one Reese's damage on drones self ice super armor skirt damage the cool camo I don't think I want to wait oh wait it's only 15K I have 218 per cup uh these two might actually be worth purchasing how you already cannot press buttons for life I mean they're for dark boom legendary what else nope um up here I guess right chance up the gates effect quick hacks for damage and damn actually don't have the source for it sucks to be me I believe who the [ __ ] cares I'll switch it up if necessary everywhere foreign [Music] okay let's go talk to Brendan real quick because I like his mission here all the other missions are in different area and I don't want to deal with that yet uh so I guess we're gonna do pandem right imagine cyberpunk would have been the game they hyped it up to be I mean I didn't really get into the hype right so story wise gameplay wise I really enjoyed it wasn't like a disappointment to me other than all the bugs at the start of the when it launched I don't really feel like there was much wrong with it what are you doing I'm perfectly set with my appearance thank you very much thank you V boy I was scared to my core I thought he'd paint some mean things on me the humiliation since we've been through so much together I guess that makes us best friends that calls for a discount thanks Brandon don't worry you deserve it you're one tough cookie and yet so nice not to everyone I couldn't be mean even if I wanted to especially to you can't speak ill of the dead right wait what you're not supposed to be here and yet here you are like a glitch in the system or a demon coded by a brilliant Netrunner you know what demons are capable of rightly how did you know that things like MTC driving passes counting anything close to human so I listen to them yeah and learn how they talk I caught your name once or twice and piece together the puzzle not bad for a CSM right right uh how about we'll talk later all right catch you later Brennan I like Brendan it's a funny dude I literally don't want to go into this these two areas yet I want to go here last after finishing everything up I think I'm gonna lower the quality of my game again or again standing on high currently I think I'm putting it to medium because it's just loads too slow and I don't like it that go to create only of the cities and NPCs and shows let's go uh do panam's questline seems like a fairer quest line to do right now yeah but Rockstar has also had a lot more time to learn it right and let's not forget the fact that they [ __ ] uh overwork everyone like uh what happened hell spit it out the rates took Saul brick brain ventured out with a small Patrol and never came back we've been observing like in all honesty I think they shouldn't have released the game and just wait longer at least until most of the books were fixed I felt I could count on you always Pan Am you Amir choose I thought that was clear careful or I'll start believing that he won't be able to get rid of me I'll survive I'm sure whatever Goodwill you might feel that's when you get like in the triple a project rights and the [ __ ] were like a ducktronica Grodd you saw it in action already that and the Gratitude of the caldos sounds fancy once you have it in hand just making developers proof let's go Mitch will walk you through the details well I'll be Pan Am and V what's going on there oh look at pan am's booty after what happened with scorpion he shows up here I guess probably for Saul ignore that seriously you really aim to do this someone has to got to be working at Ubisoft someone has to for the 20th time and still managing to [ __ ] it all up where's Mitch he was supposed to meet me here he'll be here any minute huh I've never mentioned seeking outside help we can use all the help we can get okay how you want to do this quietly an open Assault would be suicide Mitch is already setting up the Recon you'll sneak into the wraith's camp while I cover you going in quiet choose all you need it's not that I don't want to go to serve some reference of some justice it's just look around the last attacks left barely half of us standing our supplies are stuck outside goddamn Reno and are here don't get me started we're up [ __ ] creek static and I don't know if we're ever going to find a fashion a paddle Your Leader gets nabbed and you what hope for the best rather than I think about what you do for the ones at the bottom of your food chain you're asking for trouble leave it he has a right not to understand there's Mitch I floated a drone over the wraith's camp will you take a look or would you rather keep mouthing off let's see what we got here the Ravens can't see it active camo but that practically inhales battery juice so maybe you want to think about it yo they found an abandoned cement plant to squat in with a massive heavy gear Locus would be a better name for them they fly into a place strip it of all it's got then move on but this time do you see the wall they've added some primitive security measures it points to them aiming to stay longer the question is why who knows for sure but I would guess that Saul is part of the reason if he's still there we have to find a way inside that guard post is probably connected to the rest of the cap maybe but there are also breaches in the wall lightly guarded sections I'll be honest I don't think I've ever wanted to if I I don't think I would want to work for any company if I was a game developer you see the tracks I think I'd rather try and make something myself tire tracks their vehicles were moving heavy Freight wouldn't want to work for Nintendo I wouldn't want to work for Sony Square Enix like once you get into like those big companies it's just money grabbing hell [ __ ] sure you won't be like getting paid massive money and you won't be making a lot of thumbtacks or whatever but inside I just spread alignment in a hail storm if they haven't scrapped and gutted the place for parts you could access the local cabinet you would just need to find the control room true Indie Games is where it's at it's been for the past what 10 years at least 12. the Skywalk it connects the garage to the main structure okay got some stuff to work with now I really hate like I feel bad about [ __ ] um perfect Mitch is the van primed I did what I could take a tour blizzards but Activision is absolutely trash just pumping out Call of Duty one after another job I mostly improvised actually either way it'll have to I don't know anything about Riot because that's League of Legends and if I have hold on a minute no interest in something that's if you find so right and flat lines you'll probably need this 100 percent hope so I thought I could carry him out of my back so that should be everything V will you ride with me yeah of course I'm going with you okay you take the wheel one me driving yep I need to fiddle with my scope a bit oh yeah we even have a radio in here for a spin if you like wow he go out of the line bro out of line I still can't believe he let himself get captured I didn't think I would be able to watch made in Abyss you said yourself why not uh solar yes but I heard that it has a cutesy style but the deaths in that anime are like absolutely brutal that's the song I remember all that are idols I know it's just of course I know watch that [ __ ] oh do you see that that is one hell of a storm looking bad oh it's bad and more than its look we have to move quickly we need to hide the car park beside that out front okay out and cutesy style and gory deaths so listen right I actually um made my price list for commissions two days ago or something uh was yesterday that I did that that being said you've underpriced my [ __ ] so far so much like you can't believe no not no nudie drawings yet still aren't like I don't feel confident enough about those but they will definitely come at some point when I like decide to uh actually do not say forward practicing thank you but that's just gonna take some time but boobies we demand boobies guys you get free boobies like literally every single time that I go practice drawing and such foreign that has to be where they're holding salt give us more if I can ruin jordy's Life by ordering Aqua nudies then what's the point you don't you don't actually ruin my life by ordering Aqua noodies though are do know that right uh keeping this out oh you actually see something yes misters I'm a pervert damn it stay out of sight what do you mean I'm not inside uh seven a nice scene IC E9 7A I see IC E9 may this old d-gens but zillar listen I haven't even told you guys to how high my price actually go at some point if you want a full body illustration shade and everything it's just gonna cost you 120 euros talk about it insane oh yeah and if you want to uh like uh what's it called again I'll meet to create your or help you design your character it's going to cost you even more careful let's start to seep into me I have three dollars small himself ever since what the [ __ ] uncle sepi is the Unholy take it or leave it no tour is not himself ever since you got a [ __ ] on this floor yeah there's another [ __ ] friendly modes oh there's Seoul Pan Am I found Saul I think locked in the cellar it's hard to say too dark okay get down there and get him okay main building watch for vermin who's this Knight calling weapon until smart sniper rifle oh wasn't Lizzy Dio though I thought Lizzy was uh Dio thank you um Oak security with a knife sqe can't poke me with a knife [Applause] [Music] foreign really done anyways what was I talking about again oh yeah I really don't oh you're killing me you go [ __ ] anyways what was I saying again oh yeah about my prices so like I decided to base my prices on hourly wages right I didn't know you were here sorry it's only like uh 20 euros an hour it's not too bad right where the [ __ ] is that nice looking you see purple up there purple nurple right I think I got eyes on is he breathing I think so grab him and get out of there so you have my goddamn cigar easy song I'm here with Pan Am but she left not forever Gonna Get You Out you I remember you're that Merc pretty badly beat probably could use this oh yeah so how is he time to Don my dancing shoes he'll live put yourselves out of there on our way out now I'm firing up the engine I'll be right there lots of another meal approval and if we can be just a slide together and get out with that firing shot exactly there should be a quick exit out of the cellar good joke that's Easter [ __ ] own yo oh the ushera isn't even a [ __ ] smart gun lame this one isn't smart decent and iconic either because I can have so much more but oh my God sorry but I want that thing they are hiding from me this [ __ ] still alive wrong one where's my golden item [ __ ] where is it there it is more components I need to get drunk SQ needs to get drunk now I don't think you need to get drunk did the gym become a [ __ ] animal that's way best what's more letters than the alphabet the post office wait what Pan Am you're making a mistake another one serious right now those Devils wanted to know our location if we drive to camp now we'll just be setting the table for him you look outside lately the storm will wipe our tracks in the scent of blood what we got more chopping at our tail [ __ ] we need to shake them that's one way to treat an engine [ __ ] off Saul I can't squeeze anymore fish of that tail get ready oh baby night actually oh yeah I can [Music] all the condos [ __ ] so good so much for my snark smart gun it's we need to find shelter there's an abandoned park nearby and he did I can't [ __ ] look on from these [ __ ] [ __ ] my head you up to kill me I can't hit them ah Jesus why couldn't I not [ __ ] hack these assets I can't push it much more I need me an angle damn son that'll wake up I would go to the gym if I could put my leg on the sides to be a dead addicted to soap but some clean now allergic to life once had a dream I was floating in a notion of orange soda was more of a fantasy [ __ ] I'm so good at sleeping I can do it with my eyes closed do you see those buildings we'll wait it out there I remember this place it should be safe at least for now I can't believe my [ __ ] smart gum didn't work inside quick I need to catch my breath you go have fun lying on your doorstep and dead men good wards looks like we're in for the night a little power might be useful could you help me look be I'll search in here I think it got stuck oh I'm fine a lot of useful things a new nurse always carry red crayons I don't play soccer because I enjoy the sports I just do it for the kicks called the Medico also why do they carry red crayons in case they need to drop [ __ ] death damn it's getting cold I tried to get us some heat in here no luck can you check it might have the Magic Touch actually you know what check the fuse outside it might have come loose so just whack it back in place [ __ ] hell yo these jokes are so bad see what I see expiration dates from before the last war so hopefully it hasn't turned to poison today is our lucky day lucky interesting choice of words do I hear a lecture coming on no no lecture but we do need to talk that rates crap it shouldn't have happened they wanted everything our camp locations routes of loading points they knew what state we're in one or two more raids and that'll be the end of us and if you had mounder rate of your own well that would have been the end of me it's not the time for this you're both exhausted maybe you're right I can't hope to handle the raffins alone so you would sell us out to biotechnica vade tell him it's a damn rotten idea gotta agree with Pan Am sounds like a truly shitty idea could you possibly know about it you know what I always liked about Nomads your taste no your hunger for freedom not easy to come by in night City the corpse got that grubby Claws and everything and I just can't believe you'd hand them what you hold to be most precious thank you V I could not have said it better we've had our spats a few like any family not worth digging up I think so too if you'd like to come back everyone will be waiting arms open wide but there will have to be changes no more jumping to the front of the line And So It Begins you know what sweetheart we'll have plenty of time to tear at each other's throats later that is my hope but right now I wouldn't mind catching a few wings need help [ __ ] off huh do you know what they call these storms in North Africa [Music] damn Island it has boobs in it it has boobs in it Paul what was that about probably the meds talking I sure hope so I think he took a few solid hits to his skull and I think this is any better no just different yeah this would make for a decent little Motel wouldn't it little fireplace booze grumpy guy at reception is the one thing missing have everything you need man mm-hmm I couldn't ask for more ma'am I'm sure you'd be Cozier with your shoes off after a full day in them I fear a health code violation nonsense after a day as full as today you deserve to kick back oh I'm glad you have in mind are we actually I can't a few ideas I think you know what kind uh the no it's really nice oh I spoiled it okay no sex with pen name [Laughter] can I redo that where's my last uh okay here's my last load let's redo that we want to romance pen them chance help it we gots the romance Pan Am we got stuff I don't even know who else you can romance in this game other than if you were female you can Romance Judy a lot of useful things and then some guys wait so you can only romance one girl as male and as female rude damn it's getting cold I tried to get us some heat in here but no luck can you check it might have the Magic Touch actually check the fuse outside that is not very interesting foreign you know thank you V what golf abuse well what was that about probably just the meds man yep have everything you need man [Music] um this one is fine not oh good long sleep I think I'm ready to turn in yeah it's been a long day we deserve a good long sleep Envy I am glad you came it meant a lot to me glad do you hear that nope the wind has waned I can't speak for her boobs but when a chinook rolls rough and rowdy across the plane I sure can't get it he said I am not a wink on behalf of the staff of the independent California Motel I wish you all sweet dreams nice one Johnny neither do I have Raiders in the storm good work V old style raid ah so so back is strangely numb head into a ripper as soon as I'm in town a few Springs I need taken out well I slept like a puppy that's a cozy shoulder you have there it's too bad I better get rolling in a minute oh wait hang on I thought you were headed back to the avocados staying with the clan that remains so come on last night when we were talking to Saul thanks for standing up for me though one thing the wraiths The Raid it's the start of something we need to prepare for Saul will get everything set up in Camp whereas I whereas you [Music] you the raffins wanted to know our Roots right well it's the aldecaldo's turn some Recon is in order one more thing your compensation please take care of her OverWatch putting her in good hands Pan Am I know so uh thank you once again glad I could help I'm glad I did take care of yourself you too panan and remember I'm indebted okay back to town V headed up to here with this Gusty Outback shut up Johnny don't ruin a good moment Okay so so we got a new one right that I can't use OverWatch you need body of uh pen okay we're gonna start off with uh getting cooled to 20. that one is good foreign City uh we can do Chappelle I guess it's about time we go do a different area than until like gets more [ __ ] I guess Apartments how much does it say 55 one-time fee 14. it's about time to make some more money a map okay let's go have a look right I feel like our next wait where are all the I turned that off I think if we're gonna do another area we should do uh wherever this guy's name is Padre or something on a race we should do race afterwards go to Padre and then this also Padre I think isn't it I literally can't tell because [ __ ] [ __ ] skunk brain is dead my head he loses what's yeah I think we clear this then go do clear Padre while we wait for Judy and PanAm to continue and the others I don't want to go do this one yet because it's so far away it's like all the way here this area is not that big right so I want to keep that one for last first things first let's go damn gotta go to the toilet in a bit let's go check on on the our buddy then sentient AI thingy guy [Music] you guys slip through that like that bomb [Music] damn where's the teleporter oh this way [Music] foreign [Music] can I suddenly not remember the thing's name why is it so hard to remember [ __ ] sometime foreign tell me why been for the mistake tell me why I never wanna get you say I want it that away foreign wait where's Brendan they just came and took him just like that they said they said they had to reevaluate part of his code I tried stopping them told him he was my best friend they looked at me like I was crazy they just talked to him they didn't realize Brendan isn't a typical Schism I knew it couldn't have just been me they took him to a maintenance point one of them must have felt sorry for me or something he gave me his card bring him back please I I can't do this without him car there [Music] sorry [Music] that was not intentional first time I actually thought you told you by accident [Music] part of the [ __ ] kill everyone crew just a regular citizen [Music] holy [ __ ] where the [ __ ] is my bridge oh wait the bridge was still there [Music] what the [ __ ] is like seriously I did I've never had this much issue with loading things in on cyberpunk it's after like all those updates it's been having this much issue [Music] it's Christ it was like [Music] I literally thought it was gonna crash down so not cool customer somebody pinch me you don't know me how can I help you name's Dino deal with Downtown City Center V yeah I know but about you hot stuff need anything you call me remember Dino knows everybody your place what is it exactly welcome to your local soft sis surface Point give New Life to Old Tech you fix equipment seriously people actually do that instead of buying you with the amount of customers we get find myself asking the same question day after day here to see Brendan guess somebody brought him here uh what Brendan's that again seriously when your energy is low grab a drink to go go go or however it is ah that Schism they brought in he really does have some of the catchiest slogans don't he but hey look I can let you back there can't afford to have to break something even worse got no idea what you're tinkering with Brendan's unique damn near Miracle of science bet the bank you've never come across a machine with that kind of cognitive Matrix for an AI to exist in such a small all right all right Jesus you know your stuff trust you won't break nothing go check on your little miracle while it's firmware gets updated uh he's getting updated well I'll be darned what a pleasant surprise came to say your final goodbyes what do you mean you're not getting scrapped are you you were making bank thanks for the compliment but I guess that's the problem seems like I was unfair competition in the scsm market they're updating my system as we speak to make me sound less like a real person my boss really didn't like that I reportedly creeped customers out stupid Brendan why did I say stuff they didn't want to hear about themselves if somebody wants a therapy session they go to a psych doc not a I suspected as much you're not actually in AI are you at least not anywhere close to an AGI the processing power required to handle an AI with the capacity for free will your processor just isn't big enough and you'd be correct say you must be a pretty good techie your code monkey deserves a prize best convo emulating algorithm I've ever interacted with almost had me fooled you seem slightly and well who else could say their friend was a schism it was almost crazy enough to be beautiful looks like the update will soon be complete tell Theo that I'll miss her you thought I'd be sad didn't you as if I really was a sentient being a real person I'll tell you my last joke in the voice of a Dying hero what else can you do but laugh in the face of death how about it you know what go for it I can learn to laugh like that too don't get all mushy on me now V you you have to to keep living tell Leo tell Theo that she's stronger then she thinks don't worry Brendan I'll tell her hey the where was Johnny silverhead when the bomb and arasaka Tower went off I don't know where all over them literally literally software update installed successfully goodbye Brandon I'll miss you oh cool reports Brendan relationships with customers not less predicted are interpreted by the letter as either efforts to obtain their data or as an example of an AGI level of artificial intelligence despite customers initial interests that believe in the long run the scsm model the resultant fear of sales especially since an error in Brandon's code allows him to occasionally offer products to the customer free of charge I recommend uninstalling the experimental software and replacing it with sender OS yes this Abomination knew about the last uh last arguments I had with my wife if I were you I would consider selling it off as inspiring devices some Corp who knows there could be some Eddies in it damn son I like Brendan you guys suck it's good to know that I actually haven't been in this place yet so that's why I got finally got the [ __ ] call for Dino dinovic well Rose get out of my [ __ ] get away from my car otherwise I need to hit more people with it oh [Music] oh don't hit people your knee I know it's hard to drive but [Music] a menace on the roads if anyone ever gives me my driver license it means death to multiple people [Music] here the bridge is going again where'd it go [Music] it's like oh it's just an error it's due to all the molds you think there must be a reason to why the [ __ ] there's some in my life and Wellness better be Buffalo [Music] did you not returned for me I could not send you that message thank you lunch are in one piece right now I'm waiting in Secure location you solve for yourself it's hard to read her thoughts but I have a strange feeling that she's already devised some kind of plan I trust her advice you to do the same we will be in touch you bow your heads then only to one a fire standing sure how you want me to interpret that wisdom [Music] these are words of your butthole [Music] foreign where is he is he coming back I found them told me to tell you that you're strong inside always were while that doesn't sound so bad right I'm just worrying for nothing aren't I was blowing things out of proportion assuming the worst goal I got there too late they updated his system is that bad news Brennan you knew was gone they replaced him with some generic AI that's going to be in every schism he told me to tell you that he'll miss you [ __ ] oh I mean thanks damn it I think that robot was the best thing to happen to me and as long as you know Brendan got me out of a really dark place doesn't matter who or what he really was I'm gonna miss him too [ __ ] that yellow yo didn't even get anything from it well it's just another Quest on the to-do list [ __ ] you already you are such a greedy [ __ ] thank you you're welcome man oh man perk I spy highlights also another nurse who attempt to hack you [ __ ] me I caught you while my door was already open cringe sorts are hanging in nicely okay let's see OverWatch Goodbye My Lover goodbye my friend you have been the one you have been the one for me thank you money money money money money la la [Music] La exploration uh I know I only have one brain cell but uh what was I gonna do again I think I was going into my backpack to see how much [ __ ] I got then I realized that I don't got a lot of [ __ ] what are things that I can craft well I know I can craft myself a brain tumor apparently I don't know what I'm doing I think it's a good time to call it night for your Dean because uh his brain is losing focus uh yeah okay no actually let me rewind a little bit because we are I'm gonna chat ahead and explain what we're gonna be doing next so we're gonna do this area symbol next under race or quite a lot of NP ncpd shits we got a few gigs we got a lot of side jobs to do here like seriously a lot so we can like just run around and do some dunk while we oh wait is this Pan Am already oh now I'm thinking if we do pan them first or shit's on the drive nuts okay no I I'm gonna think it over Oh wrong button go away thanks I'm gonna go and see I'm gonna think over what we're gonna be doing tomorrow either we're gonna do Pan Am or we're gonna do a little bit more of cleaning up of the city oh poop uh so yeah that's that I guess always in the same Hotel always in the same place so yeah ladies and gents gents and Gentlease thank you all very much for hanging out with me tonight I hope you all have fantastic rest of your evening or day sleep well sweet dreams until next time if you're on YouTube please like comment and subscribe and follow me on Twitch obviously and uh talk to everyone on the next time a good night | JoordyDreaming | UCs9FSkI55E0eLbeh-A2L3JQ | 2022-11-08 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 14,987 | 78,034 |
IiTavJVLhk8 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IiTavJVLhk8 | Anthony Joshua vs Tyson Fury | Aj admitted Fury will be toughest opponent | Road to Undisputed | look forward what is done we don't need to talk about it anymore yeah so parker yeah jury yeah water yeah who will be your toughest opponents i always say i think i think uh fury would be if he tough esther if he comes back in if he comes yeah the reason is as i said i just think he's just awkward in the mind and he's awkward in his style so everything about him is unpredictable this is a situation so you don't know how to prepare yourself you know what to do you know he yeah you just don't know he doesn't have one significant style he may move around the ring and try and steal the win he might just jab the whole fight he may decide like um i've seen him fight guys like john mcdermott years ago when he would just try and fight with you um steve cunningham when he tries to fight with him and he's more vulnerable so i don't know what style for you will possess but he's good because he can mix it up he's a man of many trades | STV Stardom | UCh4SL6a-B__oauYGSYYKdcA | 2020-12-26 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 191 | 935 |
qoDcfQI500M | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qoDcfQI500M | Online Workout Series for You and Your Dog! | hi guys Patty fosk from the the nerdy Dog Fitness hair I want to introduce you to a new program that I have that's launching today it is called the 4-week tail wagon workout series now if you're familiar with what we do with which is workout programs for you and your dog you'll be very excited to know that this is an online program like I said so it's online anyone can access it from anywhere around the world which is super exciting because I made this program for people just like myself who have dogss and really want to enjoy the time that they spend with their dogs and get a workout in too so this this four-week program includes a weekly workout video that you get to do alongside with me so you can do the workout as if it's real time I'll be sweating right alongside you I'll have one of my dogs in the video as well and they'll be working their tail off too um so you get a weekly workout every week you get motivational emails I'll send you tips as well so that you get the most out of this program again it's a 4-week online program and I'm offering it for limited time for $47 oh I forgot to mention you also get access to a private Facebook group so that you get to ask me questions um so you'll get access to me as well and that's also for a limited time so for the launch of the program I am including the Facebook group for free um and everything else I I had said that's included the weekly workout videos the detailed instructions as well as inspirational messages that you'll receive from myself as well as my two dogs Aspen and Lucy and you get all of that for $47 that's less than $10 a week that's some pretty good stuff right there um and again it's a limited time only the this price isn't going to last for long so what do you waiting for go to my website the nerdy dog.com and sign up for our four-week tail wagon workout series it features my two dogs ASP and Lucy as well as myself so you're not doing this alone we're here with you and I have your back so again it's called a four week tail wagon workout series that I created for you and it's launching today and I want you to be one of the first people to enjoy this program so go ahead go to my website www.dg.com and sign up today thanks guys hope to talk to you soon | The Nerdy Dog Fitness | UCLmkuOUJaFQ-Yl4oM8U_o0g | 2014-09-04 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 446 | 2,254 |
7Q9Ya7gv6X4 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Q9Ya7gv6X4 | Dead Island 2: How To Get The Party Starter Legendary Weapon - Complete Guide | so the party started legendary melee weapon basically give you fire fists these things are both brutal and hilarious at the same time I mean I wish I could show you gameplay but with YouTube penalizing my videos for showing actual gameplay of this game I can't but trust me for the little work it takes to get these they're 100 worth it how's it going guys my name is DPG and if you do enjoyed the video leave it like really helps out and if you like what you see and want to see more be sure to subscribe now most if not all legendaries in this game at some point or another are tied to you completing the game's main story Quest alone for sure you can progress probably start this Quest but I ain't certain if you'll be able to finish it so if you can't finish it and you're stuck somewhere it's because you need to progress the main campaign so keep that in mind so this quest uh what a quest for this is called the drunk and disorders they lost and found side quest Mission and it's picked up within the Ocean Avenue area so from the hotel checkpoint people follow this path I take on screen now to grab this Quest you may have to kill a zombie or two that may be in your way please from here you need to head to Venice Beach and to the Rosie's tattoo shop located on screen here once here go inside there should be a couple of zombies in here you need to take out including a screamer so be careful once taken out pick this item up to progress this Quest you now need to come to the Gang Green shop located here here you are looking for a zombie called coal now he can appear around the back of the shop or out front but when you do find him take him out and collect the item he drops we then guys need to head to the pier area and to this point right here now once you are here there's an item on the table that you have to collect so quickly grab it bedding now guys you need to hang about as a named enemy will spawn in who you have to take out his name is Jordan so I'll take this fire spitting [ __ ] out and grab the car keys that he drops now guys you need to head back to that Ocean Avenue hotel and to this point right here now once here guys take the route I take to the hotel parking lot until the boot of this vehicle open it and you're rewarded these amazing legendaries and there you have it guys enjoy this one guys if you enjoyed the video leave a like video helps out if you like what you still want to see more be sure to subscribe and hopefully guys I will see you on that next one | DPJ | UCqheS9rd4_nojHk3H-FR2XQ | 2023-04-24 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 506 | 2,515 |
2VYByXmPhp8 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2VYByXmPhp8 | Community Meeting for Hulen & Granbury Intersection Improvements | um if in case you just joined i wanted to let you know to please mute yourself which is the mute buttons at the bottom of your screen to to the left and if you wish to comment um on vr chat box and that function is the bottom right of your screen and with that i am going to get started so good evening my name is alejandra ayala and i am the city of fort worth project manager for the hewland street at granbury road intersection improvements project thank you for taking the time to join us this evening to the pre-construction community meaning joining me in this meeting are raul lopez the city of fort worth program manager anna carrillo who is the design engineer with cabrillo engineering abhishek archaria with kimberly horn jason cherian with the reyes group construction company since this intersection is skewed we will be calling north toward the top of the slides which is in the direction toward hulen mall currently the intersection is very congested approximately 55 000 cars go through the intersection in a single day as many of you that drive through the intersection you will observe that there are significant backups on the westbound granberry road there is not sufficient capacity at the left turn lanes on granberry road the intersection alignment through the intersection is inadequate and there is a hazardous cut through east of the intersection onto granberry road just east of the conoco station this is the intersection today the hazardous cut through i mentioned earlier is located just east of the conoco station right here this cut through is not safe for the traveling public and will be eliminated with this project the purpose of these intersections improvements are to increase the capacity and safety through the intersection reduce the vehicle delay and improve the level of service and improve pedestrian crossing facilities the proposed improvements will consist of adding a right turn lane toward a right turn lane toward hewlett mall at the westbound approach of granberry road an additional left turn lane toward hewlett mall will be added at the eastbound approach of granberry road blow belts will be constructed at the north and south sides of the intersection to decrease the crossing distance for pedestrians a new signal will be installed which will optimize the timing of the signals through the intersection the concrete panels at the railroad crossing will also be replaced with this project the improvements of the alignment through the intersection will be achieved by modifying the southern approach of hewland street a race meeting will be added which will align the vehicles such they ca such that they cross the interstate intersection in a northeasterly direction another modification that will occur is the elimination of the left turn toward benbrook lake since the traffic counts for this movement were low by doing this modification the amount of cars that go through the inc through the intersection increased the construction contract budget is 1.8 million dollars the design was completed in august of 2019. uh this this construction project went to uh to bid an award in the winter of 2020 and the lowest bidder was the reyes group the reason there was a such a gap between those two date is because the city did try to obtain uh right away for the conoco from the conoco station and the smiley studio in order for us to construct a dedicated right turn lane to go at the northbound approach of hewlin but we were not successful in that in that endeavor right now the utility relocations are currently in progress we plan to start construction the week of april 5th and substantial completion is approximately eight in eight months around the winter of 2021. the city of fort worth has the my fort worth app which can be downloaded through the apple store or google play this app will allow you to communicate with the various departments of the city to report any issues encountered for example let's say you encounter a pothole you can go into the app click on new request look for the street service take a picture it will populate the address nearest to the pothole select the description and submit this app works for any city-owned facilities such as right-of-way parks libraries and community centers and explore the app there's a lot of options for animal control as well to report any street lights that perhaps are not functioning this ends the presentation if you wish not to speak please type your name in the checkbox and we will answer your question via email otherwise if you have any questions i will open it up to that discussion and thank you for joining us this evening and please don't forget to unmute yourself if if you wish to speak and since we're on the screen my contact information is is here um my you call me alex for short there's my email address and my phone number also um jason cherian will be the construction project manager with the reyes group and um our traffic engineers raj gupta with traffic management uh and also i'm edward de villa senior inspector and there will be uh there is going to be an inspector assigned to this project uh a jet jared sauder and anyhow he he will be available to you guys if you have any questions uh or anything comes up he will be going through the project uh often so he he will be your con on-site contact person so no one has any questions [Laughter] in the event you do um please take note of my email address and my phone number i will respond to any concerns you may have and and i i do ask that you please have patience with us while we construct this intersection it's it's a it's it the the the construction part isn't hard it's managing the traffic the traffic right as i me as i mentioned earlier there's 55 000 cars that that go through this intersection in a single day so i'm i will be honest and say things are going to get a little bit worse before they get better but once it's constructed and and going great um you will appreciate this project and um and that's going to occur sometime in in the winter probably around december is when we plan to finish what i always say weather permitting and um and just be patient with us and i'll be glad to answer any questions you may have in the future alex uh mr perez is asking whether you can go back to the map can you hear me oh go to the map can you hear me barely okay i'm as loud as i can be on this side i just wanted if you could go back to the map thank you rob i don't have my chat box on because i'll run out of screen so so if thank you for letting me let me know so here is the map so quick question can you hear me okay now yes sir oh perfect uh quick question so on the uh there last time we went to this meeting i was a couple of years ago at least and so forth there was a right-hand turn um onto granberry from fueling on the south side yes sir is that still there no sir we had to we were unable to get right away from the conoco and the smiley studio property owners right and so therefore we had to to eliminate that dedicated right turn right turn lane at that at that corner yeah that was that was a serious consideration that we had uh towards the end of the year 2020 because we were not able to reach agreement with the canaco or the smiley studio we that's why it took us so long to go from time to when the plans were approved for construction to actually you know now it's 2021. and so uh we have to make a decision and the impact to the level of service by removing that what would have been in right-turn lane is not significant enough and so we decided to move ahead without the right termination i'm surprised that it's not significant because i mean an incredible number of people make a right intern there to go on to 20. um so i mean that's adding that right lane was kind of indispensable at the time but if you don't have a variance to be able to do that you know yeah we weren't able to obtain it right away and this would drive you know maybe maybe another year or so um the queue that forms with or without the runaway still backs up uh south of wall wall raven circle so even with the right of the uh franklin lane the queue the you know the stacking of the cars would have been beyond world war ii even circle right so um yes you know every every little bit helps but because you know we wanted to move the project forward and this level of service going you know north and south will be much better and also east west significantly improved from what it is today yeah we're stuck i mean no no i mean they're stuck as far as geography is concerned so that was my only question thank you you're welcome any more questions this meeting has yes i was going to suggest that if uh anybody's interested in the presentation that we add the actual inspector's name on the contact slide at the very end okay okay that way they'll have it and we're also going to post this presentation to the project website uh just give us a couple of days to do so and uh you'll be able to to see these these slides in more detail if you wish to and once again you'll have our contact information on that that last slide and thank you very much for joining us this evening have a blessed evening and enjoy your spring break a week with this gorgeous weather and i will we will keep you posted on the progress good luck thank you so much thank you thank you | City of Fort Worth | UCG4ZjL-JpSqwPoxd5yNpMGA | 2021-03-31 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,742 | 9,378 |
5DDu15qoIZ4 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5DDu15qoIZ4 | August 27 1 Thessalonians 2 New Testament for the Daily Video Bible DVB | foreign August 27th daily video Bible reading from The Net Bible First Thessalonians chapter 2 from the New Testament for you yourselves know brothers and sisters about are coming to you it has not proven to be purposeless but although we suffered earlier and were mistreated in Philippi as you know we had the courage in our God to declare to you the gospel of God in spite of much opposition for the appeal we make does not come from error or impurity or with deceit but just as we have been approved by God to be entrusted with the gospel so we declare it not to please people but God who examines our hearts for we never appeared with flattering speech as you know nor with a pretext for greed God is our witness nor to seek Glory from people either from you or from others although we could have imposed our weight as Apostles of Christ instead we became little children among you like a nursing mother caring for her own children with such affection for you we were happy to share with you not only the gospel of God but also our own lives because you had become dear to us for you recall brothers and sisters are toil and drudgery by working night and day so as not to impose a burden on any of you we preach to you the gospel of God you are witnesses and so is God as to how holy and righteous and blameless our conduct was towards you who believe as you know we treated each one of you as a father treats his own children exhorting and encouraging you and insisting that you live in a way worthy of God who calls you to his own kingdom and His glory and so we too constantly thank God that when you receive God's message that you heard from us you accepted it not as a human message but as it truly is God's message which is at work among you who believe for you became imitators brothers and sisters of God's churches in Christ Jesus that are in Judea because you two suffered the same things from your own countrymen as they infected from the Jews who killed both the Lord Jesus and the prophets and persecuted us severely they are displeasing to God and are opposed to all people because they hinder us from speaking to the Gentiles so that they may be saved thus they constantly fill up their measure of sins but wrath has come upon them completely for when we were separated from you brothers and sisters for a short time in presence not in affection we became all the more fervent in our great desire to see you in person for we wanted to come to you I Paul in fact tried again and again but Satan thwarted us for who is Our Hope or Joy or crown to boast of before our lord Jesus at his coming is it not of course you for you are our glory and joy God today let us truly be disciples that make disciples we see Paul and the other people who work with them constantly in relationships with the people who they've given the gospel to sometimes I think that modern day Christians are kind of this drive-by shooting of the Gospel we go out we tell people the gospel and then never to see them again yet throughout the whole Bible you talk about relationships and we see that very clearly in all of Paul's writings how he was constantly working on relationships and being a disciple to the world doesn't mean just going around telling people the gospel it means working on a relationship and as I know I don't like doing relationships a lot of people don't like doing relationships relationships are messy they're hard they're painful but they're also valuable and amazing and powerful and enriching and it's also one of the best opportunities you have of sharing your faith some of the relationships that I've had have been for over a decade before I was able to share my face before that trust came into that relationship and they believed me and respected me and more importantly saw you in my life working through all of those situations that they were willing to listen so yeah it's wonderful when you give us those opportunities where we just come in we say the gospel and you had them prepped and ready to go and and they accepted you into their heart right then and there and start a relationship with you but for the most part most of our relationships most of our discipleship type relationships are going to be that we're going to take time there's going to be hard spots so it's going to be really awesome spots but just like our relationship with you we have to continually work at it we have to pray for them for the non-believers in our life or the new Christians in our life we have to support them and encourage them and what does that mean some of my discipleship relationships are online so a lot of times that means instant messaging sometimes phone calls sometimes emails other relationships that are closer can simply mean checking in a coffee once or once a week or a couple times a month depending upon what that relationship means and then sometimes the mature Christians we need those relationships too just as a point of contact for support for encouragement to keep us in line I tend to get out of line kind of quickly and I have this amazing group of people who keep me in line and then today I saw probably the most amazing reason for having these continuous ongoing supportive relationships like we see Paul talking about in his letter is my heart is just shattered by a situation that I've been put in the middle of not not of my own doing at least not anymore and and I'm thrown right back in the midst of all of that and yet here I was today surrounded by my friends from the church I go to and and they were praying for me and there was hugs and I know there'll be strength that will continue because of their prayers their encouragement meant so much to me as I kind of spiraled down into the situation and just got more and more defeated and frustrated and hurt and angry and God you just sent in these amazing relationships that some have been for a very long time some have been very short and here they are in my Christian walk to encourage me to strengthen me just like we're going to hear Paul talk about tomorrow that he sent Timothy into them to do exactly that he's sending Timothy into the Thessalonians to strengthen them with the gospel to encourage them about their faith God I just thank you so much for the people in my life I thank you for all the people who pray for me who encourage me who support me who teach me who disciple me and discipline me and who love me enough to do all of those things and go through some of the rough patches with me and sharing the joy as well God I'm I'm so excited that these are the incredible people that I get to spend eternity with worshiping you and glorifying you in heaven God please if there's anybody that I can pray for that I can help through things that I can provide encouragement for please unveil them to me show them put them in my path allow them to feel comfortable enough to text me or email me or whatever that looks like in their world that that makes sense in the communication sense allow me to have the right words that you want me to say to them whether it's it's words of comfort prayer that they're ready to hear the gospel whatever it is just allow my mouth to do whatever your will is in that relationship help strengthen my desire to want to be in relationships instead of to constantly do things on my own today was amazing just an amazing example of why those relationships are so incredibly important in pursuing your will for us in this world God I just can't thank you enough for all the blessings you've given me in your son's name I pray amen | dailyvideobible | UClmBI-uD05GH2D-9OrCpd5w | 2013-08-27 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,434 | 7,575 |
OAOSEmvsfHA | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OAOSEmvsfHA | Empowering Immigrant Women | immigrants for more than a third of New York's population immigrant women are the mothers of over half all children born every year in the city they're an integral part of our communities and yet one in three immigrant women are left out of the workforce because they don't have a u.s. education our organization can help new Americans empowers a young immigrant women to get their first paying fulfilling job in New York City we also offer a safe space where young immigrant women can build community learn and experience leadership and it's a place for them to share their stories this summer we met with 16 young immigrant women they told us their life stories and took part in a unique photo shoot it became the real people real nice project know why you came and if you decide to stay why you decided to say here is how you can help your donation goes to Darkly support new women Yorkers and empower even more young immigrant women to make our city their new home for just two hundred dollars you'll get a signed copy of the limited-edition real people realize book more importantly you'll be joining our campaign to show that you believe in the unlimited potential every immigrant women has to offer to the United States regardless of where she comes from what language she speaks or how long she went to school discover the faces and hear the stories of just some of the Braille and immigrant women reserves | New Women New Yorkers | UCChyiEHj9ZZnpp-w6wuUiaw | 2017-11-21 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 254 | 1,414 |
Gp4ih2xOsL0 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gp4ih2xOsL0 | God Awful Movies: International Guerillas | we got a message a while back from a listener that loves our movie reviews but felt like our Focus might be too narrow after all so far we've only reviewed Christian movies so to help counterbalance that he recommended a Muslim film that he felt could use the scathing atheist treatment and I'm sorry that I couldn't find the message and thank this listener by name because that suggestion led to the most bizarre Movie experience I have ever had without a bubblegum machine and a robotic waffle iron silhouetted in the foreground this movie was equal parts bad action Bollywood musical Jihadi propaganda and Magnum PI b roll it's called International gorillas it's a 1990 Pakistan film that probably defies description but we're going to try anyway and of course joining us in that effort is our good friend Eli bosnik Eli welcome back to the show oh thanks for having me thanks for having me on your podcast awardwinning podcast that's well thank you sir thank you in case we haven't mentioned that enough times in the last couple episodes so podcast a what did did you like better about 2016 oh like con guys were like [Laughter] con that's not the only way I'm like con but it's the only way I'm going to admit to it on this uh on this podcast anyway so uh as I was saying what do you what did you like better about this movie Eli was it the uh was it the six musical numbers or was it the three-hour runtime which was more appealing to you definitely definitely the three-hour run time cuz that was really a chance for me to realize that this movie had spiritually spiritually changed me like you know you have a friend who goes abroad and they come back and they're like I'm just totally different I'm totally different after I saw there's an Eli before I saw International gorillas and there's this shell of a man that I have now that's that's how I feel about this movie this movie you you touched on it already but I think it's really important before we talk about anything this movie was made in 1990 yes this that's when Die Hard 2 came out that's when Pretty Woman came out this movie looks like it was shot approximately six minutes after cameras were invented that's that is the film that is the film Acumen that is behind the shooting and editing if aliens from the future came back and gave caveman a camera and they just tried it for the first time and they produced International gorillas I'd be like oh come on caveman you can do better just pointed at the people it is so I mean it's it's like I don't want anyone to have to watch this movie to understand but what I would suggest find it it's free on YouTube just watch any random two minutes of this film and trust us that the rest of it is just like that yeah yeah put it on at a this is like put it on at a party where no one needs to pay attention to it cuz I guarantee you every time you look at this movie one of your friends will be like what the [ __ ] is happening and the answer is nothing there's no answer to that question it's a fun mystery it's like oh it's 's cat dead or is what the [ __ ] is happening in this movie oh there's some more anti-Semitism surprise yeah that was quite a bit that was the only maybe like the only solid thing you could grab a hold of in this film was the anti-Semitism so tell me how long did it take you to figure out how bad this movie was um ex I literally from the first second where it's just the movie opens for no reason I mean I'm watching it on YouTube but it just opens on a ran sitting on a pedestal and very clearly someone like getting their camera ready in front of their living room TV just like all right I'm filming it everyone shut up shut up we're filming this good we got it that's that is the first moment of this movie and it gets more Bonkers from there let me tell you if you would if if you here's what you would like this movie if you like helicopters uhhuh if you like men standing still shooting machine guns oh yes movie is For You especially if you like those men to be like quickly zoomed in on as they're firing especially especially if you if you can be safe in the assurance that no matter what they will not hit anybody with those machine guns no one oh I'm jumping ahead but no one in this movie who shoots a machine gun ever hits anyone else there's several times where characters are standing still other characters shoot machine guns at them and then there's just dust around their feet and everyone's like oh [ __ ] Runway run every time I mean immediately the the opening sequence of this movie we learn a that this is the kind of movie that's going to reuse the same B- roll time to time and B all the bad guys will be drinking alcohol and smoking tobacco at virtually every moment we also get the credits first which is always a good sign and one of the credits I wrote this down action thrill colon Jam Muhammad ellip stunt that's one of the credits for this movie it's so because occasionally in this movie and again I'm jumping ahead here but occasionally in this movie they would actually speak in English but it was always broken English they would actually like they would actually stop the characters would speak in brok broken English within the film so [ __ ] weird consistently like throughout the movie they would be like something something something something hand me that brick and then with something and it just like and no one ever was like hey man you started speaking English shut up what the hell was that yeah the the I literally when the movie started cuz it's just people pouring alcohol into classes for I would say 48 minutes um I was just like is this a beer commercial and then I was like oh I get it because alcohol is bad Muslims don't like alcohol well and I mean just to the point like just again to give everybody an idea how bad this was in this Montage of alcohol pouring you would occasionally get like champagne being poured into the glass from the left side of the screen and then that same image obviously flips so the champagne is coming from the right side by the way champagne on the rocks in like tall highball glasses they have no idea what criminal Lair looks like when they have their champagne parties that's ridiculous this is a consistent note for me throughout this movie nobody who made this movie knows how the world at all works no like not just like I think champagne is served in a bucket filled with sin but it's also just like there's thing like whenever anyone's tied up they're tied to a ladder with duct tape no one's ever just like no one's ever got a rope behind their back no it's just like oh we got to tie him up let's let's put his foot with handcuffs attached to his neck and then we're going to sew his eyelids to his dick hole I don't know it's it's Pro this movie is like someone described uh an action movie someone W High described an action movie to someone else but then got fired out of a cannon that's cuz it's like well what are action movies like well you know there's explosions and gun like don't worry we got everything we need don't worry we got it movie Set explosions and gunfire okay did am I the only one who who felt the need to write down the opening line of this film I absolutely wrote down the first line of the movie if you would give us the first the actual first spoken line in this film all right it's it was all the biggest Crooks in the world have gathered here today to destroy Islam yes first line of the movie all they call themselves Crooks yes this is the top guy explaining how he has a secretary taking notes right these are Crooks who have a woman who's just like all the biggest Crooks and the what is what later on is going to happen at that meeting I forget when we were talking about destroying Islam we said there was going to be a fire a fire that burns so bright that it burns turned away all of Islam yeah yeah that's what you said okay good cuz you know when I get in front of the guys I get so excited and I I don't want to be the guy who talks over everyone at the meeting you know everyone in this movie is again no one in this movie's outfit makes sense no one's body makes sense everyone in this movie is dressed like a cowboy or but a little bit Miami Vice maybe right a Miami Vice pimp Michael Jackson Circa 198 a little bit Thriller maybe yeah right so so they have this meeting the first Mee is all the crooks in the world have this meeting CU they need to destroy Islam CU if they don't destroy Islam all small Muslim nations in the world will band together yeah that's going to happen any minute as you can see in Yemen so he then turns over he then turns to his friend or his commandant and he goes there I I'm glad I have chosen you Commander Jason nicknamed JC the bad guy he looks at the camera like JC you get it like Jesus Christ the Christians they're on our side as well because we are the bad guys we all on the same page good we're going to do that a lot and then we go from meeting that group of crooks we have another group of crooks that we have we have like 30 seven characters to meet in the first oh but wait first there's the meeting in the police commissioner's office where they don't move any of the furniture out of the way of the [ __ ] literally lamps and desk you cannot see this character he's being shot through like the holes in a desk and I was just I was sitting there I was like why wouldn't they move the lamps this can't possibly be a choice no one looked at that and was like oh that's really good no one's like yeah I don't want to see his face it's just desks and lamps blocking his character one point he stands up out of shot you know so now you're looking at like his nose down it's it's [ __ ] yeah it's absolutely it's like their cameraman died and they didn't want anyone to know about it so they were like just leave the camera where it around act around it no one needs to know this day went wrong so then they jump to a disco yes where the head crook of wherever they are is having a meeting with all of other Crooks yes this is the second meeting of crooks we have in this movie Yes second meeting of crooks we still don't know who any of these people are the first I wrote down the first line of this scene also just to keep everybody up you all best thugs of your own local regions and I am the world's biggest Thief so that's the context of that scene just so there were about 800 people in this movie who identify themselves as the world's biggest crook and or thief or Thug think there's a single character who identifies themselves as something other than the world's biggest C we might even get to a musical number that argues who the world that is and that is what is about to so he then he introduces the first musical number of this movie and hey spoiler alert if you want a spoiler for all of the music numbers except for one two sorry two insane [ __ ] exceptions to this rule all music numbers in this movie are just a strong four in a slightly revealing outfit singing a song about how attractive she is and and staring at the camera while it cuts in the most insane way possible I wrote down in my notes here oh I get it the TV's off and I'm on [Laughter] acid and by the way every woman in this movie was taught to uh to dance by Elaine Bennis or PeeWee Herman yeah no painful to watch it's the least sexy thing that ever didn't have Maggie Gyan Hall in it yeah it's like it's like someone was like Hey man we've run out of dance moves so you just need to I just the only thing you need to know is you cannot make a dance move that anyone else has ever made CU all the dancing in this movie is just people like oh don't do that you look like you're just punching like you're trying to Elbow yourself up inside your [ __ ] yep I'm doing it if you were to tell me that that scene was just like a documentary about someone who has seizures I'd be like sure why not that makes as much sense as that this is a woman dancing so she dances and sings about how attractive she is and then busting out of the corner comes Our Heroes whose names we learn a mere two hours later he sprays some smoke some Aquanet or something right and then starts to Rob the bad guy piles of cash that were definitely not there right definitely not there and never were and we never see again and then the bad gu's like oh there are many ways in but only one way out all of the lights I know which lights here are killer and which are safe and then instead of being like yeah man trying to walk out of the club because I've got killer disco lights calls one of his assistants to prove it he's just like hey [ __ ] come here and then the guy gets Zapped to death by lightss he's like see see what I did there I mean now you know that that one's killer so don't step on the there's probably more I I feel like I spoiled it I should have just let you and as a response our other protagonist his brother jumps through the ceiling onto his shoulders yes at which point they do a song and dance number together the brothers and the woman from before Muslim Tina feay from before she looks just like Tina F does with the scarting they do a dance number together where they both sing independent songs and then the lights don't matter anymore no because they have a gunfight and this is the first of many gunfights in this movie where it's just obviously people standing there just firing blanks because no one gets shot no one does anything except the henchmen the henchmen just go and like just roll around but that's it everyone else they just point guns directly at each other's face and pull the trigger and it's like oh I got a skittles SK let SK let run away it was so awkward trying to take notes because like you said you never learned these guys names so I had like Punjabi Affleck Pakistani good cheich Pakistani bad cheich as the three characters basically in my notes yeah I have I have my characters names are mom question mark cop guy uh sunglasses lady and then I didn't I didn't direct differentiate the two younger men I could not be to differentiate they don't they look the same they act the same they don't have person it's just I couldn't be as one of them had a love story at one point couldn't care less sort of yeah right kind of weird and how bad is a movie when you're not you don't even speak the language but you know everyone's over acting yeah where you're like yeah no no one's doing a good I don't speak this language but no one's doing a good job what I I I don't know what these people are saying but I know they're doing it badly which the other thing is I asked a friend who I I forget what language this is I don't want to say it wrong what language is this movie in erdu or whatever the hell that is right I asked a friend who speaks this and I was like is this a bad translation or are these people um are these people like speaking well and then the the translation bed and he was like no the people are saying these words it's a fairly good translation this movie is just [ __ ] insane and I was like oh okay good that's good to know that insan in every language I guess yeah so they then they go back to their house where their dad dad no he was a brother but yes brother he's their older brother cop guy is their older brother yeah they're all three brothers and and Mom question mark is I believe his wife and their sister-in-law sister-in-law right yeah right so they go and they have a fight as a family which is the crazy he basically he's like you guys are robbers you've been wasting your Youth and they're like how can you exess us to be businessmen when all that matters is connections and we do not have any connections and he's like yeah it's a really good point let's go kill Solomon rushy that's completely the conversation they Jump Right In into killing Solomon rushy and not a single word that comes out of their mouths for the rest of the movie is something a protagonist in any movie ever should say right and I love the way they sort of like introduced the Salman rushy thing with the spinning globe like literally like they went and got a globe from a local school and spun it and took video of that with fishe around yes yes no question so then there's a meeting so then it flash cuts to cop brother who's a brother and that confuses me CU he's at least 40 years older than everyone else in this movie cop brother goes to to police meeting and the the police guy says soon everyone including college students which if the lady does not protest too much just like especially college students don't think it's just going to be stupid people cuz smart people they hate this too are going to be rioting about Solomon rushy and we need to kill them and then the cop brother's like I can't do that I turn in my hat and gun because he turns in his hat yes and does he snap a pencil ceremonially is that was that part of turning in your badge and yeah his his ceremonial pencil his cop pencil I guess who knows this movie doesn't make any [ __ ] sense no it doesn't so they they quit and then the woman from the nightclub was also a cop apparently I guess right or they just couldn't get another act I can't tell I can't tell if that's the same woman are we talking about Tina yeah Muslim Tina feay she is also a cop under right she also quits they go to the March and he gives this oh wa we cut back to the bad guys close because this is never going to come back and I just want to point it out the the Batu Batu who's like the head bad guy aside from Solomon Rush evil evil Pakistani Che yeah yeah has a moment where he goes thank you this is my assistant Mr D right we never see Mr di again Mr di never does anything but he does get a whole scene where he introduces him and he says his name like 11 times in English it's Mr di is how he's pronouncing it yeah yeah so then they go to the protest and the younger brother and sister get murdered they get killed by the cops cu the cops just start shooting they Mass everybody they Massac everybody Massac they get Massac yeah and the sister says what I believe makes my favorite line in the movie it's my second favorite but she says brother I have never asked you anything before but may I make a request of you now and she says he says yes and she says kill Solomon right which is so unrelated it'd be like hey man what do you want for lunch I don't know know to kill Solomon Rusty everyone at every point in this movie when something else is going on reminds us what this movie is about because they'll just be like oh and by the way kill Solomon rushy yeah but first before they can go after Solomon rushy they have to go get revenge on the cop that ordered them to open fire on the mob which was a pretty disturbing [ __ ] scene honestly uh in a sense because there's a line in there where the cop is like the the bad cop is asking the good cop for mercy and this is the actual line he says forgiveness is for Muslims not for non-muslims oh I remember that oh my god there was just a couple of moments because this whole thing was like spoofy and satire and obviously the filmmakers weren't taking it very seriously in in in most Parts but there were just a couple of moments where wow [ __ ] you you'd actually have the hero of the movie say that that says a lot of scary [ __ ] about your culture a running theme of my of my notes is just you know Mercy is for Muslims not non-muslims said the protagonist of this movie I say that constantly just like why is the protagonist that's that if a villain said that in an American movie we'd be like okay take it down we not doing Indiana Jones so then we get introduced to Solomon Rush's Lair but don't worry cuz none of this will [ __ ] matter nope there is four miles of exposed electrical wire checkpoints and Commandos now if our audience is wondering why I just said that like I'm a crazy person it's because that's what the person explaining does he's like blah and then again switches to English and goes Commandos but we don't see any of these things because while this narration of all the things that are around Solomon Rush's are being narrated it's just shots of the ocean yes right shots of the ocean yeah we're supposed to imagine our own wire I guess and one scuba guy jumps into the ocean at one point a Navy SEAL I guess we are then introduced to Solomon rushy in the best way I could ever want Solomon rush to be introduced in a movie which is him cutting off the heads of three Muslims with a sword yes and then wiping the sword clean and sniffing the Muslim blood like panties yep the the blood of Muslims the sword clearly doesn't get cleaned off though he wipes along with that the rag and there's clearly just dried blood all over it and nothing still blood on there still very clearly blood and I wrote If I had a nickel for every time I've watched Solomon rushy cut off someone's head I'd be a rich man so he then congratulates Jason and we're this is the beginning of the Casual anti-Semitism we see throughout this movie he turns to JC he goes good job I had my doubts about hiring someone from a Jewish Army but I can see that I wasn't mistaken yes at which point he is introduced to a character whose name I will not learn but magic ey lady right dolly dolly indeed Dolly that's right that's her name yeah and she is introduced as a woman who because she is a Eva is able to tell who is a friend and who is an enemy and she also can magically appear in the middle of the room if it is required to start a oh yeah she just [ __ ] like booms yeah like nightc so Solomon rushy is like yep I've totally win that I put my life in your hands so she does a dance number which again is just her moving like she took stricking and then weird cut yes at which point the credits happen again yeah we're 51 minutes into the movie and we get the title screen of the film right and I wrote the credit just happened again but that's a good thing because this movie has been going on so long it's right to assume my third or fourth generation is watching this I'd certainly forgotten by then yeah so that the the title scene shows up when the international gorillas the heroes of the movie show up at the air port in wherever the [ __ ] this happens wasn't he supposed to be out on an island by himself somewhere why would there be an airport in a city on Salomon rushy secret Island Hideout I I don't know very very very popular Island yeah apparently so they they catch them for the first of I would say 58 times this and Batu Batu says tie them up and put them on Dynamite yep and indeed they do tie them up and then just throw them on some Dynamite which they then light and leave right but make sure they have like a 37 foot fuse on it right and which he says he says to them before he leaves after people see you die nobody will try to kill Solomon rushy he also says when you die you will die talking yeah I'm not sure if I got that one there was a couple that absolutely didn't get there's lots of moments in this movie where I have no [ __ ] idea why people say what they said but I just I wanted to say it out loud so that we all were cuz there's many times during this movie I was like oh no I went insane oh I'm going to turn and there's going to be a clown next to me being like everything floats and my fiance's head is going to be on my lap just severed and I'm going to be like oh man International gorillas you pushed me over the edge so then we have we have the the Chic section this might have been the worst part of the movie too these two characters this was so [ __ ] who this Chic supposed to be they from Dubai was there some problem between P they're taking shots real hard at this one Chic and I don't know who it is but they're obviously supposed to be the comic relief of the movie and they could not be less funny and as a as a comedic actor I feel like I feel like that's the part I would get is the she I was like oh there's me there's the character actor like you know I've got a really funny cousin he could be like a fat Chic who's afraid of everything and just all this Chic does in the movie is people come up to him and they're like oh don't get surprised and he's like oh I [ __ ] myself and the audience is supposed to be like the Chic has a big cigar it's just I kept writing is this comedy it's the only time the movie stopped being funny is when the comic release showed up yeah and then he assistant has windshield wiper glasses that we get 87 shots of right he's got windshield wiper glasses guys just in case you were we spend some money on props we're gonna use them plenty oh so they so they use the chiks one of them dresses like a woman and perfectly simul one of the brothers who is a protagonist perfectly simulates a woman's voice to get the chiks to come to him or to come visit the she cheeks and then kidnaps them and makes them take them to Solomon Rush's layer something like that who knows he has nine layers we see nine layers throughout this movie none of them seem to be visited once they all seem to be new layers and this this is the first of what I like to call the Solomon rushy smack talk sections where just everyone takes turns saying crazy things to Russ for example we will treat your body so badly your own grave will not accept it yes and just in my head everyone in the theater was like oh oh he got you salmon rushy he got you so your mama's so dead she's dead a lot of that they show up they show up and they like surprise Solomon rush to and he's super calm so I assume it's a trap because he's super calm when they surprise him they got guns on him and they're like Solomon Rusty we're going to kill you grave won't accept you and he's just like oh you think you've come here to kill me but little do you know and his plan is just when they start shooting it's just like oh [ __ ] just runs away just runs away they miss they miss there's just dust on the ground in front he's like oh and just runs runs away and then we have what is obviously I feel like all the stunt guys came together and we're like hey man we you know we have a pool where we're shooting I want to jump in the pool so scene where they shoot us and we all get to jump in the CU it's [ __ ] hot this is hot here and they're like yeah sure so just everyone gets shot into a pool and they all flip and roll in a different way and some of them are already wet when they get shot so you can tell that they just brought the same stuntmen back out and had him do another one oh 100% And then so then they Corner Solomon rushy and they shoot him they stab they stab him that's right they stab him in the same motion a million times [Applause] like St a million times and his assistant says oh Solomon Rusty is Immortal he cannot die and then so the real Solomon rushy comes out from behind a tree to which I say that is not being Immortal that just means you stabbed the wrong person I'm not Immortal cuz someone shot the lady in front of me oh my God I have superpowers no that person missed they are different so then they they capture them again again they they capture them and Solomon rushy gives a little Oscar speech just like thanking all of his cronies like B I'd like to thank you and the academy my agent the Native American people he's doing like the Marlin Brando thing he just gives a little lonely speech and then again he's like I'm going to kill you you know and everyone's Escape Plan is just like run away and there's dust on the ground and everyone just runs away cut to what is one of the craziest scenes of the movie it's a phone call home back to what is apparently wife but I thought was Mom yeah they treat her like Mom through most of the movie right it was really confusing they call Mom and they're like how are you and she's like sad so they all take turns hearing how sad mom is and crying every character just is like okay your turn oh all right your turn oh every character except the woman with the sunglasses cuz she's not related to anybody and never gets acknowledged by any of the characters in the movie if that woman turned out to be a ghost at the end of the movie I'd be like sure that's that make sense there's amazing line in this scene where she says you have people to wipe your tears but who will wipe mine here and I just wrote in my notes who will wipe mine here the Eli bosnik story so look out for my autobiography coming out next year I also wrote this movie is like if the protagonists were the bad guys from The Hills Have Eyes because it's just constantly people promising each other that they will do murder there was there was a lot of that too like oh if only at least you could be martyred um a lot of lot of martyr love in this movie lot of martyr love in this movie so then they put on disguises for the the first time they're going to be doctors and every time they put on disguises the men are very clearly in disguises and the woman just puts on sunglasses sunglasses that's it the men are like different colors and wearing balloons and fat suits and [ __ ] Peg Lings and she's just like man sunglasses and who the [ __ ] are you ah get her get her no no no it's just the costume oh all right you scared the [ __ ] out I thought you some lady you didn't have it's like they're falling for the Superman thing it's just like where' Superman go so they go to the doctor they pretend to be doctors to once again trick The Sheiks into bringing them to Solomon rushy and they have this crazy movement with the um Diva where he's like I will trust you because I love you and her his brother says you cannot trust her she's a Jew a Jew and again I wrote said one of the good guys in this you cannot trust her she's a Jew ellipses a Jew exclamation which is followed by their meat cute which is a song about him shooting her it was is a song about him shooting her with love and the refrain is him firing a gun at her well she's having orgasm sounds yeah and her going oh no and listen I've heard that sound I watch a lot of hentai I've heard that sound many a time my friends but this is the weirdest context it's it it means a lot when I say I could not jerk off to that song There's 11 costume changes they're on a boat at one point just this is just a song that they start singing while they're in the woods together and eventually it reaches a point where they're rolling on the ground together not even downhill they're just on flat ground rolling next to each other yep just rolling again it's very meat cute yeah and then she's like great now you trust me let's go take a boat and of course it's an ambush because she's a Jew she's a Jew to which to which the brother responds hey you Jew and start shooting all the bad guys he had that one written down too had bold too yeah hey Jew lot of hard J Bombs all over the place lot of dropping the dropping some serious J bombs on this set so they escape in the way that everyone escapes which is just we're going to shoot you no you're not run run run run just again run away and they they cut back to Solomon rushy sitting in his lair and he's holding a children's book full of pictures which are very obviously just stills from the movie Yes and he's like ah you have failed to catch them twice it see it's like the people who wrote this movie got bored of this movie it's like seems like this movie's been going awfully long don't you think so so he's like we will set a trap for them at and I wrote this Down Casino [ __ ] [Laughter] disco now listen I own all five movies of Casino [ __ ] disco and I hope that there's a lawsuit pending as the art and Artistry of Casino come dist is not served in international gorillas not at all but of course if there's a disco there's a dance scene so I believe we get our our fifth musical number at this point and it's another one about a a girl uh singing about how attractive she is right and she is wrong let me point out at this point no one who has sung about how attractive they is has been telling the truth do not have the admirers they claim to have in every lyri this is a lie I mean I don't know I don't know what's going on wherever this movie was shot but I've got the internet so you're a strong for um so then the same without explanation the same seven seconds of this movie repeats three times in a row now we later learn that it's because there are multiple body doubles for Solomon rushy in the casino com disco but for a second there when watching this movie I was just like oh God I'm in the Christian hell I just watch I my heart gave out while watching this movie and now I just have to watch this same Solomon rushy walks up the stairs sequence forever and ever and then my ex is going to come in and she's going to talk to me about you know how much weight she thinks she's gained and that's just it I'm here now and then the protagonist to this movie y burst through the window dressed new new they got new outfits this time and what do they dressed as Batman Batman all dressed up like three different Batman as and and not even like like Batman as like if you changed your mind on your Halloween costume the night before oh yeah no these are not nice Batman and it wasn't even like one Keaton and one was Christian Bale kind of badass no it just three awful Batman costumes from they are very clearly in those Batman costumes because they had a three pack of Batman costumes at Costco where every for this movie was bought they were just like come on you get three costumes for the price of one everyone loves Batman and it never gets explained I feel like a [ __ ] crazy person and they never explain why they're dressed like Batman and the movie continues and I'm just sitting on my couch screaming I just cuz I just never why are you Batman I actually yelled that out yeah that when that happened I I I'm watching it this afternoon no one's in the other room why are they all Batman I yell you I have no idea they're all Batman I'm yelling back they never and like okay just again to give you give everybody an idea just how bad this is during this scene while they're Batman and they're having more you know Salon Rusty Your Grave will reject you talk to the various Salon rushy at one point in that scene suddenly they're not dressed as Batman and they outside and then they're dressed as Batman and their inside again like that actually happens in the middle of the sequence and this was I thought my one of my very favorite lines uh when they saw that there were four different salon rusties and the one the the good Pakistani cheat says if everyone in the world looked like you we would just kill everyone in the world I love that so much I wrote that down as well this is the second smack talk session where they just all take turns they also said we'll mutilate your evil face so bad that even Satan won't be able to recognize you and we will not not only destroy you but everyone who comes to see you and I was just like I'm keeping these I wrote These down I'm just going to send these to people when I play League of Legends this is just my new thing anyone kills me I'm going to be like oh yeah if everyone in the world looked like you I would kill everyone in the world what nailed it and again so they Sol everyone takes off their face yes all of the Solomon rushy take off their face and none of them are Solomon rushes no because Salon rushy is actually back home using his Terminator voice powers to trick mom's sister-in-law into coming to wherever the [ __ ] they are oh that would have been so great if it was just a shortcut and he had his knife hand through someone's milk cart face he was just but it wasn't he's just and he's not he's also not doing a voice he's just like the same character using the same voice and he's just like it's me and she's like sure you are cuz I'm a crazy person so he picks her up at the airport and again everyone has disguises except for sunglasses uhhuh he tricks them to come to the airport because they think he's going to be there this time the hippie the hippie band is that what they were time exactly yeah this is when they're the hippy band where they're asking for charity and doing very well by the way I don't know I mean you guys are former buskers too so you notice I was like wow they're making a lot of money for just like a full hat um so they kidnapped Mom I don't know why he invited them to come watch him kidnap sister mom but he did so so they kidnapped sister mom and he takes her there and he says play her my book The Satanic Verses on tape and I was just like it's movie sponsored by Audible and she's yell all sorts of titles for when you're torturing people we've got the the satantic verses we have the the screenplay You've Got Mail lots of things you can play for people when torturing them I'm Solomon rushy and you know after a long day of cutting off people's heads you need to play a book on tape that'll make a Muslim wish they went de nothing quite like the satanic versus read by the author go to audible.com rushy that's R Us stage auto.com start here go everywhere I love the mix of podcast ads that you have in there and then you know they get you get to chase scene when they're trying to come after uh zenet by the way was Mom's sister's name they're trying to and and every chase scene in this goddamn movie like if it has a vehicle and an explosion that means chasing and that's all you get you literally get like the one car drives by and then the other car drives by in like nine different circumstances and occasionally there will be along the way on the chase there will be like five guys with machine guns that all stand there and then fall down and unconvincing Pratt Falls as somebody pulls up you know puts a handgun out the window not just machine guns but whenever anyone gets like from behind attacked again no one in this movie understands biology or fighting or anything cuz it's just they'll come up behind them and they'll like grab their ass and they'll be like instantly dead right there's literally a scene where they're sneaking up on the bad guys and he just wraps his hands around his throat and the guy's like L choked to death strangled instantaneously like using Force powers or something and every punch noise is like it's not a punch noise every sound effect the gun sound effects are all identical they obviously had a a Sony CL keyboard and they were like we got the gun noise we got the punch noise and hey if we need darks dogs barking I can do Chopsticks as dogs bark look at that huh never more clear than it was when the rocket launcher showed up yeah rocket launchers don't sound like Plinko they do not sound like the beginning of Plinko that's in correct I've nevery fired one but I'm quite certain so they get kidnapped by the Commandos again again they are tied literally they are all tied to ladders yes with like 11 chains each but all the chains are going to the same thing you know yeah it's there again cuz everyone who made this movie is a [ __ ] crazy person so no one was like I don't know just tie their hands behind their back they were like I bet Solomon rushy us weird BS to tie people together you're damn right he does get get going we're making movie gold um now I I thought honestly when I saw how they were all tied up I thought that they were going for crucified but they wanted to make damn clear that this wasn't Christian so they had like the weird pentagram yeah the weird [ __ ] behind them just to make sure that they're definitely not on crosses [ __ ] right these are not crucifix itions that you saw Blair Witch Project because this movie came out after it this is like this is like Blair Witch Project but different they they're tied to him yeah and then Mom comes out or mom sister sister wife comes out and she's she sees Solomon rushy and she says she spits at him because he's like how do you feel and she spits at him from 90 ft away and then he slaps her from 90 ft away and then in the same shot we pan back and she's 9 F feet away it's like it's not like he ran over there was like and then ran back he's just like he just has a really has really long arms then the Sheik show up and it was revealed for no [ __ ] reason that the shiks are Muslims too and they're here to help yeah but it do and again they take turns saying smack talk to Solomon rushy because he turns to Solomon rushy he goes now that I'm just to get close to you and you stink you should shower well with [Laughter] acid this is like someone got broken up with by their girlfriend and then got millions of dollars to make a movie at but their girlfriend was Solomon rushy like dear Jennifer [ __ ] you shower with acid is what the the emotions and but they so they put directly to Solomon Rush's face which doesn't matter cuz the guns get shot out of their yes he just shoots the guns and they just throw their guns in there like what oh [ __ ] I didn't realize there were going to be loud noises oh [ __ ] and they disappear off into the sunset to never be seen again those no off into the [ __ ] sunset at which point every bad character in the movie turns Muslim Dobby Dairy Donna Queen but she changes she has a Muslim name by the end no she's yeah Al shabaz something at the end yeah and then JC turns Muslim only to be instantly shocked yeah he's like she is not just my muse sister she is also my guide so I'm a Muslim now and then he's like oh and a person gets shot for the first time ever in this movie yeah exciting but it's him yeah it's the Jew but now I I I should say we we're we're skipping over my favorite moment in this movie which was the the moment that led to everyone's spontane conversion to to Islam which was the final song yeah where they're all crucified and they're singing and there's like Jihadi propaganda written in the sky during this [ __ ] yeah it's like a North Korean propaganda film I was just like man just like oh famous leader will come Allah is Lord Lord is Allah Allah Lord Lord is it's just like takes this weird right turn into Crazy Land as these guys strapped to crucifixes not crucifixes sing sing the summon the Captain Planet song but they're hoping for Allah instead of Captain Planet when our song Powers combined com who by the way does not come at at the same time a veil just floats out of nowhere and covers Dolly's head that's how we know that she's turned good is because suddenly her head is covered by a veil and then she starts running around doing a whole Sound of Music number about how she loves Allah now and Muhammad y and how she would love to give her life for Muhammad martyr martyr martyr so yeah they do Captain Planet and then immediately after lightning comes out of the sky and breaks their bonds and a veil covers a woman's head Solomon rushy goes your god did not come and I'm like hey man that was Thor their God totally came through at which point the Quran from the beginning three qurans from the beginning come floating out of the distance this all actually happens and then shoot lightning the weirdest lightning only way I can describe it is this when I was a kid I had a a a thing on my computer on my windows 988 computer called the Spider-Man movie maker and you could just like take various animated elements and it would just but there was a thing where you could be like a ray gun and it was just like and you could just put it anywhere you wanted on the picture and you could press play that's what they you I if they were like this movie was made in Spider-Man movie maker I'd be like oh yeah totally 76 8.5 52 I'd be like oh yeah I get it I get it CU just these Lightnings coming like and then he burns and honestly if you were to tell me in the same sentence like oh I've never seen season 4 of The Wire and they really burned the guy to make this movie I'd be like you've never seen the wire oh it's so good that's how not surprised I would be that they had actually burned a human being mie oh co you got to see that yeah no they burn a guy sure why not it wouldn't even be it wouldn't even be second guest they could do that on dailies they'd be like okay great so again just reminding we need daylight when we burn Steve thank you again Steve no problem I'm a team player uh daylight that so craft needs to work fast hear me H today is not the day for tacos because everyone hangs out at the bar and it's just taco day we lose 45 minutes of shooting I don't know why going that's what I want in my head this movie is about craft fighting with the director oh and then this movie instantly ends he gets burnt it's like Allah is great boom it's over yeah there's so you see you literally ban up from the puddle of melted human that was Solon rushy to writing in the sky that says Muhammad or Allah is God and Muhammad is his prophet and then it's over and then it's just boom no credits no no no the end just movies off I literally think they ran out of film to shoot on in this country I mean whatever this country is they were just like that's it that's the last six inches of film there is well fine it's over put it in the can we're done now let's go make a movie about how Gobstoppers Will rap him this [ __ ] movie it was without a doubt the worst I like like it made Edwood movies look good I mean there was I've never watched anything quite like this and I got to say like I've invested three hours of my life in it and I'm never going to get that back so I want to try to learn something from that so are D you guys feel like there's any lessons that we can take away from International gorillas Absolutely I'll tell you the very important lesson I've learned cuz there's always this thing this conversation that we have with people right and you have it every time we talk about Islam especially in the secular Community you'll say yeah this terrible thing and they'll go well Christians are crazy too you know you can't pick it you're just picking on Muslims because you're a racist and you had to but there are crazy Christians and it's even in the movies the Christian movies are crazy no one's saying they're not but they're way less crazy than the Muslim movies Fire Starter doesn't end with him like punching Rabbi Ben wlson in the dick and then being like I melt you with my laser Jesus Powers cuz that's what happens in this movie Islam takes everything to [ __ ] 11 they're just so that's that's what I took away Islam takes everything to 11 I think you're right because you don't like look obviously the movie wasn't taking itself seriously so we can't like act like you know we can pick out really serious bits of it but we can still kind of learn a lot about the culture based on the kind of things that the heroes said that the heroes did what the filmmakers assumed that the audience would find heroic things like forming a Lynch Mob killing all the humans if that's what it takes to get to the one that's Salon rushy martyrdom killing infidels the preference of deafness over hearing the satanic versus audio book those are all the kind of things that were supposed to be like the raw Rock get the audience fired up moments in this film yeah it's it's [ __ ] bonkers yeah no I just I can't imagine a Christian movie where like at the end like in the middle of the Christian movie they're like with her dying breath says can you kill some Muslims for me right kill kill Sam Harris right which is which is why I I know occasionally I pitch a movie and I would like to now pitch a film called American gorillas about three Brave Christian Brothers who upon reading letter to a Christian Nation go to kill Sam Harris in his Island Fortress surrounded by Commandos we're going to have we're going to put up a Kickstarter we're going to need $29 budget so that we can match International gorillas here yes and that's the film will be twice as good because we've hired Daredevil to shoot it am I pointing this the right way who cares get him every [ __ ] time a new character entered the scene we would have to get Zoom pans of everyone's face who was in that scene and and a few other people sometimes that hadn't been in the movie yet even there was one point in the middle of the song The the final song where they just started rolling b roll of Mecca yep yeah during the final song they were like hey guys we are we are seven minutes short do we have anything it's like well you know we did a vacation we did like a family thing to Mecca we got some it's funny we used the same camera yeah yeah all be praised to use the same camera do you just want people crowding around a big Square we can do that just want seven minutes of people rock running around in a circle around a big black Square yeah let's do that because they're powering the engine of Allah's love apparently this [ __ ] movie oh my God and even after all of that I just I can't imagine anyone listening even has the vaguest clue just how bad this thing really is no and do not watch it this is again I have made I said the I have made it through all of our movies on a single watching I watched Kirk Cameron saving Christmas twice no sweat I had to bribe myself to watch this movie each every time I would watch 20 minutes I'd be like okay you did good Eli you get an episode of Scrubs yes you do yes you do we're going to watch the early Seasons when everyone was funny come on 30 more minutes and you can jerk off to porn no no no don't you look at your phone because when you look up they'll be in a different place yes and time and dressed like Batman and someone will be singing again well Eli once again dude cannot thank you enough for your masochism oh thanks for having me guys | Noah Lugeons | UCuur9RRqiAGO7r-caFonE0w | 2016-08-14 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 9,718 | 50,047 |
qV1MWMnb0lA | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qV1MWMnb0lA | Concerning The Event of January 6th | neutered rancor streaming from one individual hubris is the sole catalyst of the events of january 6 2021 without even one ounce of humility thousands invaded the capitol building this was not done for rights this was not done for independence this was not done to stay off oppression this was not done in the name of democracy this invasion was to overturn an election because the results were not what some wanted historically the iww has not taken sides in electoral politics and this will be no different we do not endorse either candidate from either capitalist party nor a unified front of the working class should we ever endorse a candidate what we will do is wholeheartedly condemn the events of january 6th and identify participants as the threat to the people that they are the interests of the working class does not lie in the works of any one individual but only through the combined efforts of its members in the entire our interests are not in trump or biden or even sanders but in ourselves attempts at subverting elections will only serve those driven by auteur for their own self-interest and should be seen as the threat to the people that it is | Heartland Industrial Workers of the World | UCRR0l9NarOvcGd3PgHoQBmw | 2021-01-11 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 207 | 1,165 |
SST1NPf8Oj8 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SST1NPf8Oj8 | VR Tour Of Lakewood Recreation Area shot With The Insta 360 | welcome to dude RV hey I really appreciate you stopping by and of course you got here just in time that's right just in time for another campground virtual tour today we are visiting the Lakewood recreation area this is on the Guadalupe River that is managed by the Guadalupe Blanco river Authority I'm gonna be using two different cameras for this virtual tour we're going to be on the the dubia e-bike I like to refer to as the valkyrie so let's get on the valkyrie and go check out Lakewood recreation area give me a minute I got to put on my camera stuff where it goes not sure how the vibration is going to play out on there we go they're riding High hold on gotta make a camera adjustment [Music] okay thank you for for being patient with me as I get my camera you waiting it is June middle of June starting to get warm heat indexes are getting up into the triple digits thanks to the lots of humidity there's some things about the Lakewood recreation area Campground that really appealed to me and then there's some things that yeah not so much see what I mean when we go days foreign that's a County Road there's about a dozen houses that that are back down in there there are three pull through sites here on the right it's kind of confusing as to how you get into them I just kind of drove through there there was no one here to ask questions of your pull through with 50 amp but there's no sewer I'll hear on the left a little gray block building that is the restroom according to the sign over there there's a boat ramp restoration project going the boat ramp is high and dry because the lake is low and pretty much non-existent this is a very beautiful little setting all these big huge pecan trees down here road is rather rough undeveloped of course according to the high water mark in 1983 this was all underground I mean underwater not underground underwater campsites Camp the RV campsites are all here on the left and they use picnic area on the right now according to the website for The Blanco river the Guadalupe Blanco river Authority there's a 14-day limit on campsites I'm kind of thinking that uh some folks don't know how to count really there's only four sites available then we get down here into the primitive there's a deer a little Luke back around so y'all can look into the campsite on the hero the 360 virtual tour Will Come Out Tomorrow if you're watching on your cell phone all you have to do is move your cell phone and you'll be able to look behind me as I'm riding through or you can put on the Oculus headset virtual reality goggles set up such a pretty location apparently there have been a lot of people drowned down here on the river so they advise you not to swim oh change in elevation this is the put in location for the Guadalupe River or paddling Trail here is the Guadalupe River foreign doesn't seem to be damaged down that ain't down we're going to cruise back through one more time unto the bridge that's a pretty pretty location we're gonna be I'm I'm readjusting your angle so you'll be able to see better into those campgrounds campsites we won't go back to that little primitive Loop though just the RVs foreign just a minute we're getting there that brings us well that brings us to the end of this virtual tour Lakewood recreation area on the Guadalupe River I hope you enjoyed that little ride along I hope you gained some valuable insight as to another public Campground in the state of Texas if you're still with me at this point thank you so much hold on got a spider web on my face thank you so much if you're still with me at this point if you've not already I'd be most honored if you'd consider clicking on the Subscribe button and remember to hit that Bell as well you don't want to miss another episode of the dude early traveling Rose show and for those of you who have been following along thank you I cannot express it enough thank you so very much that's why I get to do what I do you guys are looking on the 360 y'all are staring into the back of my truck aren't you it's a mess for my patrons we're so grateful you guys rock all right y'all come back now you're here [Music] | Dude RV | UCVTePfhBJpFPGzZp47QMWPg | 2023-07-06 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 788 | 4,149 |
JV2c6iSMrII | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JV2c6iSMrII | Pamphlet Flip | [Music] hey guys Cindy out here with my artsy endeavors I just have a real quick flip through for you last night we had a bunch of family over for dinner and my mother-in-law actually got me one of those edible arrangements the fruit oh my god it was so good anyways she also had a brought the pamphlet for the edible arrangements well after everybody was gone and I was hanging out here in the art room I took the pamphlet and I want to show you what I did with it of course as you guys know I love to do grab and glue and that's what I sent here and did last night so this edible arrangement pamphlet no longer talks about fruit it talks about other things so I just wanted to give you guys a real quick flip through and show you what I did last night alright we'll chat with you guys soon have fun that's what life's all about happy creating bye bye | Cindy Utter | UCYxjVJwr0XYjYD-jg_30zCA | 2018-03-27 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 170 | 852 |
SEYAnnLazMU | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SEYAnnLazMU | Lecture 05 - Training Versus Testing | ANNOUNCER: The following program is brought to you by Caltech. YASER ABU-MOSTAFA: Welcome back. Last time, we talked about error and noise. And these are two notions that relate the learning problem to practical situations. In the case of error measures, we realized that in order to specify the error that is caused by your hypothesis, we should try to estimate the cost of using your h, instead of f which should have been used in the first place. And that is something the user can specify, of the price to pay when they use h instead of f. And that is the principled way of defining an error measure. In the absence of that, which happens for quite a bit of time, we go to plan B and resort to analytic properties, or practical properties of optimization, in order to choose the error measure. Once you define the error between the performance of your hypothesis versus the target function on a particular point, you can plug this in, into different error quantities, like the in-sample error and the out-of-sample error, and get those values in terms of the error measure by getting an average. In the case of the training set, you estimate the error on the training points, and then you average with respect to the N examples that you have. And in the case of out-of-sample, theoretically the definition would be that you also evaluate the error between h and f on a particular point x, give the weight of x according to its probability, and get the expected value with respect to this x. The notion of noisy targets came from the fact that what we are trying to learn may not be a deterministic function, the only function in mathematics, where y is uniquely determined by the value of x. But rather, when y is affected by x-- y is distributed according to a probability distribution, which gives you y given x. And we talked about, for example, in the case of credit application, two identical applications may lead to different credit behavior. Therefore, the credit behavior is a probabilistic thing, not a deterministic function of the credit application. You can go back to our first example, let's say, of the movie rentals. If you rate a movie, you may rate the same movie at different times differently, depending on your mood and other factors. So there's always a noise factor in these practical problems. And that is captured by the transitional probability from x to y, probability of y given x. When we look at the diagram involving this probability-- so now we replace the target function, which used to be a function, by a probability distribution, which can be modeled as a target function plus noise. And these feed into the generation of the training examples. And when you look at the unknown input distribution, which we introduced technically in order to get the benefit of Hoeffding inequality, that also feeds into the training example. This determines x. And this determines y given x. And then you generate these examples independently, according to this distribution. So when we had x being the only probabilistic thing, and y being a deterministic function of x, then x_1 was independent of x_2, independent of x_N. And then you compute each y, according to the function, on the corresponding x. When you have the noisy version, then the pair x_1 and y_1 is generated according to the joint probability distribution, which is P of x, the original one, times P of y given x, the one you introduced to accommodate the noise. And then the independence lies between different pairs. So x_1, y_1 would be independent of x_2, y_2, independent of x_3, y_3 and so on. And when you get the expected values for errors, you now have to take into consideration the probability with respect to both x and y. So what used to be the expected value with respect to x, is now the expected value with respect to x and y. And then you plug in x into h, and correspond it to the probabilistic value of y that happened to occur. And that would be now the out-of-sample error in this case. Now in this lecture, I'm going to start the theory track that will last for this particular route three lectures, followed by another theory lecture on a related but different topic. And the idea is to relate training to testing, in-sample and out-of-sample, in a realistic way. So the outline will be the following. We'll spend some time talking about training versus testing, a very intuitive notion. But we'd like to put the mathematical framework that describes what is training versus testing. And then we will introduce quantities that will be mathematically helpful in characterizing that relationship. And after I give you a number of examples to make sure that the notion is clear, we are going to introduce the key notion, the break point. And the break point is the one that will later result in the VC dimension, the main notion in the theory of learning. And finally, I end up with a puzzle. It's an interesting puzzle that will hopefully fix the ideas that we talked about in the lecture. So now let's talk about training versus testing. And I'm going to take a very simple example that you can relate to. Let's say that I'm giving you a final exam. So now I want to help you out. So before the final exam, I give you some practice problems and solutions, so you can work on and prepare yourself for the final exam. That is very typical. Now if you look at the practice problems and solutions, this would be your training set, so to speak. You're going to look at the question. You're going to answer. You're going to compare it with the real answer. And then you are going to adjust your hypothesis, your understanding of the material, in order to do it better, and go through them and perhaps go through them again, until you get them right or mostly right or figure out the material. And now you are more ready for the final exam. Now the reason I gave you the practice problems and solutions is to help you do better on the final, right? Why don't I just give you the problems on the final, then? Excellent idea, I can see! Now the problem is obvious. The problem is that doing well on the final is not the goal, in and of itself. The goal is for you to learn the material, to have a small E_out. The final exam is only a way of gauging how well you actually learned. And in order for it to gauge how well you actually learned, I have to give you the final at the point you have already fixed your hypothesis. You prepared. You studied. You discussed with people. You now sit down to take the final exam. So you have one hypothesis. And you go through the exam. And therefore, your answer on, let's say, the 50 questions of the final-- hopefully, it's not going to be that long if there's a final-- will reflect what your understanding will be outside. So the distinction is conceptual. And now, let's put mathematically what is training versus testing? It will be an extremely simple distinction, although it's an important distinction. Here is what testing is, in terms of a mathematical description. You have seen this before. This is the plain-vanilla Hoeffding. This part is how well you did on the final exam. This is how well you understand the material proper. And since you have only one hypothesis-- this is a final, you are fixed, and you just take the exam. Your performance on the exam tracks well how you understand the material. And therefore, the difference between them is small. And the probability that it's not small is becoming less and less, when the number of questions, in this case, goes up. So that is what testing is. How about training? Almost identical, except for one thing-- this fellow. Because in the case of training, this is how you performed on the practice problems. In the practice problems, you had the answers, and you modified your hypothesis. And you looked at it, and you got an answer wrong. So you modified your hypothesis again. You are learning better. That's all very nice. But now the practice set is contaminated. You pretty much almost memorized what it is. And there's a price to pay for that, in terms of how your performance on the practice, which is E_in in this case, tracks how well you understand the material, which is still E_out. And the price you pay is how much you explored. And that was reflected by the simple M, which was the number of hypotheses in the very simple derivation we did. So if you want an executive summary of this lecture, we are just going to try to get M to be replaced by something more friendly, because you realize that M-- if you just measure the complexity of your hypothesis set by the number of hypotheses-- this is next to useless in almost all cases. Something as simple as the perceptron has M equals infinity. And therefore, this guarantee is no guarantee at all. If we can replace M with another quantity, and justify that, and that quantity is not infinite even if the hypothesis set is infinite, then we are in business. And we can start talking about the feasibility of learning in an actual model, and be able to establish the notion in a way that we can apply to a real situation. That's the plan. We're talking about M, so the first question is to ask, where did this M come from? If we are going to replace it, we need to understand where it came from, to understand the context for replacing it. Well, there are bad events that we have talked about. And the bad events are called B, because they are bad. That's good! And then-- these are the bad events. What is the bad event that we were trying to avoid? We were trying to avoid the situation where your in-sample performance does not track the out-of-sample performance. If their difference is bigger than epsilon, this is a bad situation. And we're trying to say that the probability of a bad situation is small. That was the starting point. Now we applied the union bound, and we got the probability of several bad events. This is the bad event for the first hypothesis. You can see here that there is m, a small m. m is 1, 2, 3, 4, up to M. So there are M hypotheses, capital M hypotheses that I'm talking about. And I would like the probability of any of them happening to be small. Why is that? Because your learning algorithm is free to pick whichever hypothesis it wants, based on the examples. So if you tell me that the probability of any of the bad events is small, then whichever hypothesis your algorithm picks, they will be OK. And I want that guarantee to be there. So let's try to understand the probability of the B_1 or B_2 or B_M. What does it look like? Well, if you look at a Venn diagram, and you place B_1 and B_2 and B_3 as areas here, these areas-- these are different events. They could be disjoint, in which case the circles will be far apart. Or they could be coincident, which will be on top of each other. They could be independent, which means that they are proportionately overlapping. There could be many situations. Now the point of the bound is that we would like to make that statement regardless of the correlations between the events. And therefore, we use the union bound, which actually bounds it by the total area of the first one, plus the total area of the second one, et cetera, as if they were disjoint. Well, that will always hold regardless of the level of overlap. But you can see that this is a poor bound because in this case, we are estimating it to be about three times the area, when it's actually closer to just the area, because the overlap is so significant. And therefore, we would like to be able to take into consideration the overlaps, because with no overlaps, you just get M terms. And you're stuck with M, and infinity, in almost all the interesting hypothesis sets. Now of course, you can go-- in principle, you can go and I give you the hypothesis set, which is the perceptron. And you can try to formalize, what is this bad event in terms of the perceptron. And what happens when you go to the other perceptron, and try to get the full joint distribution of all of these guys, and solve this exactly. Well, you can, in principle-- theoretically. It's a complete nightmare, completely undoable. And if we have to do this for every hypothesis set you propose, there wouldn't be learning theory around. People will just give up. So what we are going to do, we are going to try to abstract from the hypothesis set a quantity that is sufficient to characterize the overlaps, and get us a good bound, without having to go through the intricate details of analyzing how the bad events are correlated. That would be the goal. And we will achieve it, through a very simple argument. So that's where M comes from. When we asked, can we improve on M? Maybe M is the best we can do. It's not like we wish to improve it, so it has to be improved. Maybe that's the best we can say. If you have an infinite hypothesis, then you're stuck, and that's that. But it turns out that, no, the overlap situation we talked about is actually very common. Yes, we can improve on M. And the reason is that the bad events are extremely overlapping in a practical situation. Let's take the example we know, which is the perceptron, to understand what this is. I'm going through the example because now we have lots of binary things-- +1 versus -1 for the target, +1 versus -1 for the hypothesis, agreeing versus disagreeing, et cetera. I want to pin down exactly what is the bad event, in terms of this picture, so that we understand what we are talking about. Here is the target function for a perceptron. And it returns +1 for some guys, -1 for some guys. That's easy. And then you have a hypothesis, a perceptron. And this is not the final hypothesis. This is a badly performing hypothesis. But it is a general perceptron. If you find any vector of weights, you'll find another blue line. So now in terms of this picture, could someone tell me what is E_out? What is the out-of-sample error for this hypothesis, when it's applied to this target function? It's not that difficult. It is actually just these areas, the differential areas. This is where they disagree. One is saying +1. One is saying -1. So these two areas-- if you get the total area if it's uniform, the total probability if it's not-- then this will give you the value of E_out. That's one quantity. How about E_in? For E_in, you need a sample. So first, you generate a sample. Here's a constellation of points. Some of these points, as you see, will fall into the bad region, here and here. And I color them red. So the fraction of red compared to all the sample gives you E_in. That is understood. This is E_in and E_out. And these are the guys that I want to track each other. OK, fine. I understand this part. And in words. Now you'll look at: what is the change E_in and E_out, when you change your hypothesis? So here's your first hypothesis. Now take another perceptron. You probably already suspect that this is hugely overlapping. Whatever you're talking about, it must be overlapping, because they're so close to each other. But let's pin down the specific event that, we would like to argue, is overlapping. So the change in E_out when you go from, let's say, the blue hypothesis, this blue hypothesis, to the green hypothesis-- the change in E_out would be the area of this yellow thing, not very much. A very thin area. That's where E_out changed, right? So if you look at the area, that gives you delta E_out. If you look at the delta E_in, the change of the labels of data points-- if one of the data points happens to fall in this yellow region, then its error status will change from one hypothesis to another, because one hypothesis got it right, and the other one got it wrong. Now the chances of a point falling here is small. So you can see why we are arguing that the change delta E_out and the change delta E_in is small. The area is small, and the probability of a point falling there is small. Moreover, they are actually moving in the same direction because the change is actually depending on the area of the yellow part. So this-- let's say that this is increasing. If they increase, they increase both, because I get a net positive area for the delta E_out. And the probability of falling there also increases. Now, the reason I'm saying that, is because what we care about are these. We would like to make the statement that, how E_in tracks E_out for the first hypothesis, for the blue perceptron, is comparable to how E_in tracks E_out for the second one. Why are we interested in that? Because we would like to argue that this exceeding epsilon happens often, when this exceeds epsilon. The events are overlapping. We are not looking for the absolute value of those, we are just saying that, if this exceeds epsilon, this also exceeds epsilon most of the time. And therefore, the picture we had last time is actually true. These guys are overlapping. The bad events are overlapping. And at least we stand a hope that we will get something better than just counting the number of hypotheses, for the complexity we are seeking. So we can improve M. That's good news. We can improve M. We're going to replace it with something. What are we going to replace it with? I'm going to introduce to you now the notion that will replace M. It is not going to be completely obvious that we can actually replace M with this quantity. That will require a proof. And that will take us into next lecture. The purpose here is to define the quantity, and make you understand it well, because this is the quantity that will end up characterizing the complexity of any model you use. So we want to understand it well. And we are going to motivate that it can replace M. It will be plausible. It makes sense. It's not a crazy quantity. It also counts the number of hypotheses, of sorts. And therefore, let's define the quantity and become familiar with it. And then next time, we will like the quantity so much that we'll bite the bullet, and go through the proof that we can actually replace M with this quantity. So what is the quantity? The quantity is based on the following. When we count the number of hypotheses, we obviously take into consideration the entire input space. What does that mean? These are four different perceptrons. So I take the input space. And the reason these guys are different is because they are different on at least one point in the input space. That's what makes two functions different. And because the input space is infinite, continuous, that's why we get an infinite number of hypotheses. So let's say that, instead of counting the number of hypotheses on the entire input space, I'm going to restrict my attention only to the sample. So I generate only the input points, which are finite points, put them on the diagram. So I have this constellation of points. And when I look at these points alone, regardless of the entire input space, those perceptrons will classify them. These guys will turn into red and blue, according to the regions they fall in. Now, in order to fully understand what it means to count only on the number of points, we have to wipe out the input space. So that's what I'm going to do. That's what you have. So you can imagine the perceptron is somewhere. And it's splitting the points. And now what I'm counting is-- for this constellation, which is a fixed constellation of points, how many patterns of red and blue can I get? Now when you do this, you're not counting the hypotheses proper, because the hypotheses are defined on the input space. You are counting them on a restricted set. But still, you're counting. You're counting the number of hypotheses. For example, if I give you a hypothesis set where you get all possible combinations of red and blue, that's a powerful hypothesis. If I give you a hypothesis where you get only few, that's not so powerful a hypothesis. So the count here also corresponds in our mind to the strength, or the power, of the hypothesis set, which in our mind is what we try to capture by the crude M. So we are going to count the number of hypotheses. I'm putting them between quotations. Why? Because now the hypotheses are defined only on a subset of the points. So I'm going to give them a different name, when I define them only on a subset of the points, in order not to confuse the hypotheses, on the general input space, with this case. I'm going to call them dichotomies. And the idea is that I give you N points. And there is a dichotomy between what goes into red, and what goes into blue. That's where the name came from. So when you look only at the points, and you look at this, which ones are blue and which ones are red, are a dichotomy. And if you want to understand it, let's look at this. Let's say that you're looking at the full input space. And this is your perceptron. And this is the function it's implementing. And then you put a constellation of points. The way to understand dichotomies is to think that I have an opaque sheet of paper, that has holes in it. And you put that opaque sheet of paper on top of your input space. So you don't see the input space. You only see it through the eyes of those points. So what do you see when you put this? You end up with this here. You don't see anything. You don't see where the hypothesis is. You just see that these guys turned blue, and these guys turned red or pink. Now as you vary the perceptron, as you vary the line here, you are not going to notice it here, until the line crosses one of the points. So I could be running around here, here, here, and here, and generating an infinite number of hypotheses, for which I'm charging a huge M. And this guy is sitting here, looking. Nothing happened. It's the same thing. I'm counting it as 1. And then when you cross, you end up with another pattern. So all of a sudden, these guys are blue. And these guys are red. That's when, let's say, this guy is horizontal here rather than vertical here. So you can always think that we reduced the situation to where we're going to look at the problem exactly as it is, except through this sheet that has only N holes. Let's put, in mathematical terms, the dichotomies which are the mini hypotheses, the hypotheses restricted to the data points. A hypothesis formally is a function. And the function takes the full input space X, and produces -1, +1. That's the blue and red region that we saw. A dichotomy, on the other hand, is also a hypothesis. We can even give it the same name, because it's returning the same values for the points it's allowed to return values on. But the domain of it is not the full input space, but very specifically, x_1 up to x_N. These are-- each one of these points belongs to X, to the input space. But now I'm restricting my function here. And again, the result is -1, +1, exactly as it was here. That's what a dichotomy is. Now if I ask you how many hypotheses there are, let's say for the perceptron case? Very easy. It can be infinite. In the case of the perceptron, it's infinite. Why? Because this guy is seriously infinite. So the number of functions is just infinite, by a margin! So that's fine. Now if you ask yourself, what is the number of dichotomies? Let's look at the notation first, and then answer the question. The dichotomy is a function h applied to one of those. So when I talk about it, the value, I would say h of x_1 or h of x_2, one value at a time. If I decide to use the fancy notation, I say I'm going to apply small h to the entire vector, x_1, x_2, up to x_N. I would be meaning that you tell me the values of h of x on each of them. So you return a vector of the values, h of x_1, h of x_2, up to h of x_N. That's not an unusual notation. Now if you apply the entire set of hypotheses H to that, what you are doing is that you are applying each member here, which is h, to the entire vector. Each time you apply one of those guys, you get -1, -1, +1, +1, -1, +1, -1, et cetera. So you get a full dichotomy. And then you apply another h, and you get another dichotomy, and so on. However, as you vary h, which has an infinite number of guys, many of these guys will return exactly the same dichotomy, because the dichotomies are very restricted. I have these N points only. And I'm returning +1 or -1 on them only. So how many different ones can I possibly get? At most, 2 to the N. If H is extremely expressive, it will get you all 2 to the N. If not, it will get you smaller than 2 to the N. So I can start with the most infinite type of hypothesis. And if I translate it into dichotomies, I have an upper bound of 2 to the N for the number of dichotomies I have. So this thing now becomes a candidate for replacing the number of hypotheses. Instead of the number of hypotheses, we're talking about the number of dichotomies. Now we define the actual quantity. Capital M is red. And I keep it red throughout. And we are going now to define small m, which I will also keep as red. That will hopefully, and provably as we will see next time, replace M. It's called the growth function. What is the idea of the growth function? The growth function counts the most dichotomies you can get, using your hypothesis set on any N points. So here is the game. I give you a budget N. That's my decision. You choose where to place the points, x_1 up to x_N. Your choice is based on your attempt to find as many dichotomies as possible, on the N points, using the hypothesis set. So it would silly, for example, to take the points and put them, let's say, on a line, because now you are restricted in separating them. But you can see the most I can get if I put them in this general constellation. And then you count the number of dichotomies you are going to get. And what you're going to report to me is the value of the growth function on the N that I passed on to you. So I give you N, you go through this exercise, and you return a number that is the growth function. Let's put it formally. The growth function is going to be called m, in red as I promised. And it is the maximum. Maximum with respect to what? With respect to any choice of N points from the input space. That is your part. I gave you the N. So I told you what N is. And then you chose x_1 up to x_N with a view to maximizing something. What are you maximizing? Well, we had this funny notation. H applied to this entire vector is actually the set of dichotomies, the vectors, -1, +1, -1, +1, and then the next guy and the next guy-- the actual vectors here. When you put this cardinality on top of them, you're just counting them. You're asking yourself: how many dichotomies do I get? So you're maximizing, with respect to the choice of x_1 up to x_N, this thing. That will give you the most expressive facet of the hypothesis set on N points, that number. I tell you 10. And you come back with the number 500. It means that by your choice of the x_1 up to x_10, you managed to generate 500 different guys, according to the hypothesis set that I gave you. Now because of this, you can see now that there is an added notation here. It used to be m, but it actually depends on the hypothesis set, right? It's the growth function for your hypothesis set. So I'm making that dependency explicit, by putting a subscript H. Furthermore, this is a full-fledged function. M was a number. I give you a hypothesis set. It's an number. Well, it happens to be infinite, but it's a number. Here, I'm giving you a full function. That is, I tell you N, you tell me what the growth function is. So it's a little bit more complicated. And because it is this way, m_H is actually a function of N. That's the growth function. So that is the notion. Now what can we say about the growth function? Well, if the number of dichotomies is at most 2 to the N, because that's as many +1, -1, N-tuples you can produce, then the maximum of them is also bounded by the same thing, at most 2 to the N. Well, if we are going to replace M with m, I would say 2 to the N is an improvement over infinity. If we can afford to do it. Maybe it's not a great improvement, nonetheless improvement. Now, let's apply the definition to the case of perceptrons, in order to give it flesh, so we understand what the notion is. It's not just an abstract quantity. We take the perceptrons, and we would like to get the growth function of the perceptrons. Well, getting the growth function of the perceptron is quite a task. If I tell you what is M for the perceptron? Infinity. And then you go home. What is the growth function of the perceptron? You have to tell me what is the growth function at N equals 1, what is at N equals 2, at N equals 3, at N equals 4. It's a whole function. So we say, 1 and 2 is easy. Let's start with N equals 3. So I'm choosing 3 points. And I chose them wisely, so that I can maximize the number of dichotomies. And now I'm asking myself, what is the value of the growth function for the perceptron for the value N equals 3? Well, it's not that difficult. You can see, I can actually get everything there is to get. Why? Because I can have my line here, or I can have my line here, or I can have my line here. That's 3 possibilities times 2 because I can make it +1 versus two -1's, or -1 versus two +1's. We are counting 6 so far. And then I can have my hypothesis sitting here. That will make them all +1. Or I can have it sitting here, which makes them all -1. That's 8. That's all of them. The perceptron hypothesis is as strong as you can get, if you only restrict your attention to 3 points. So the answer would be what? Is it already 8? Wait a minute. Someone else chose the points co-linear, and then found out that if you want these guys to go to the -1 class, and this guy to go to the +1 class, there is no perceptron that is capable of doing this. Correct? You cannot pass a line that will make these two guys go to +1, and this guy go to -1, if these are co-linear. Does this bother us? No. Because we are taking the maximum. So this, the quantity you computed here, since you got to the 8-- you cannot go above 8. That defines it. And indeed, you can with authority answer the question that the growth function for this case, m at N equals 3, is 8. Now let's see if we are still in luck when we go to N equals 4. What is the growth function for 4 points? We'll choose the point in general position again. We are not going to have any co-linearity, in order to maximize our chances. But then we are stuck with the following problem. Even if you choose the points in general position, there is this constellation-- there is this particular pattern on the constellation, which is -1, -1, and +1, +1. Can you generate this using a perceptron? No. And the opposite of it, you cannot either. If this was -1, -1, and this one, +1, +1. Can you find any other 4 points, where you can generate everything? No. I can play around, and there is always 2 missing guys, or even worse. If I choose the points unwisely, I will be missing more of them. So the maximum you are getting is that you are missing 2 out of all the possibilities. And the growth function here is 14, not 16, as it might have been if you had the maximum. Now this is a very satisfactory result, because perceptrons are pretty limited models. We use them because they are simple, and there's a nice algorithm that goes with them. So we have to expect that the quantity we are measuring the sophistication of the perceptrons with, which is the growth function, had better not be the maximum possible. Because if it's the maximum possible, then we are declaring: perceptrons are as strong as can be. Now they break. And they are limited. And if I pick another model, which, let's say-- just for the extreme case-- the set of all hypotheses. What would be the growth function for the set of all hypotheses? It would be 2 to the N, because I can generate anything. So now, according to this measure that I just introduced, the set of all hypotheses is stronger than the perceptrons. Satisfactory result, simple but satisfactory. Now what I'm going to do-- I'm going to take some examples, in which we can compute the growth function completely for all values of N. You can see that if I continued with this and say, let's go with the perceptron. 5 points. You put the 5 points, and then you try. Am I missing this? Or maybe if I change the position of the points. It's just a nightmare, just to get 5. And basically, if you just do it by brute force, it's not going to happen. So I'm taking examples where we can actually, by a simple counting argument, get the value of the growth function for the entire domain, N from 1 up to infinity, in order to get a better feel for the growth function. That's the purpose of this portion. Our first model, I'm going to call positive rays. Let's look at what positive rays look like. They are defined on the real line. So the input space is R, the real numbers. And they are very simple. From a point on, which we are going to call 'a'-- this is the parameter that decides one hypothesis versus the other in this particular hypothesis set. All the points that are bigger go to +1. All the points that are smaller go to -1. And it's called positive ray, because here is the ray-- very simple hypothesis set. Now in order to define the growth function, I need a bunch of points. So I'm going to generate some points. I'm going to call them x_1 up to x_N. And I am going to choose them as general as possible. I guess there is very little generality when you're talking about a line. Just make sure that they don't fall on each other. If they fall on each other, you cannot really dichotomize them at all. If you put them separately, you'll be OK. So you have these N points. Now when you apply your hypothesis, the particular hypothesis that is drawn on the slide, to these points, you are going to get this pattern. True? And you're asking yourself, how many different patterns I can get on these N points by varying my hypothesis, which means that I'm varying the value of 'a'? That is the parameter that gives me one hypothesis versus the other. Formally, the hypothesis set is a set from the real numbers to -1, +1. And I can actually find an analytic formula here. If you want an analytic formula, you remember the sign? This is, I think-- If you apply it, that's exactly what I described. Now we ask ourselves, what is the growth function? Here is a very simple argument. If you have N points, the value of the dichotomy-- which ones go to blue and which ones go to red-- depends on which segment between the points 'a' will fall in. If 'a' falls here, you get this pattern. If 'a' falls here, this guy will be red. And the rest of the guys will be blue. So I get a different dichotomy. I get different dichotomies when I choose a different line segment. How many line segments are there to choose from? I have N points. I have N minus 1 sandwiched ones, and one here when all of them are red, and one here when all of them are blue. Right? So I have N plus 1 choices. And that's exactly the number of dichotomies I'm going to get on N points, regardless of what N is. So I found that the growth function, for this thing, is exactly N plus 1. Let's take a more sophisticated model, and see if we get a bigger growth function. Because that's the whole idea, right? The next guy is positive intervals. What are these? They're like the other guys, except they're a little bit more elaborate. Instead of having a ray, you have an interval. Again, you're talking about the real line. And you are going to define an interval from here to here. And anything that lies within here, will map to +1 and will become blue. And anything outside, whether it's right or left, will go to -1. That's obviously more powerful than the previous one, because you can think of the positive ray as having an infinite interval. That's fine. So you put the points. We have done this before. And they get classified this way. And I'm asking myself, how many different dichotomies I can get now by choosing really 2 parameters, the beginning of the interval and the end of the interval. These are my 2 parameters, that will tell me one hypothesis versus the other. How many different patterns can I get? Again, the function is very simple. It's defined on the real numbers. And now the counting argument, which is an interesting one. The way you get a different dichotomy is by choosing 2 different line segments, to put the ends of the interval in. If I start the interval here and end it here, I get something. If I start the interval here and end it here, I get something else. If I start the interval here and end here, I get something else. And that is exactly one-to-one mapping between the dichotomies and the choice of 2 segments. So if this is the case, then I can very simply say that the growth function, in this case, is the number of ways to pick 2 segments out the N plus 1 segments. And that would be N plus 1 choose 2. There is only 1 missing. When you count, there are 2 rules-- make sure that you count everything, and make sure that you don't count anything twice. Very simple. So we counted almost everything. But the missing guy here is what? Let's say that all of them are blue. Is this counted already? Yes, because I can choose this segment and this segment. And that is already counted in this. But if they're all red, what does that mean? It means that the beginning of the interval, and the end of the interval, happen to be within the same segment. So they didn't capture any point. And that, I didn't count. And it doesn't matter which segment they're in, because I will get just the all reds. So it's one dichotomy. So all I need to do is just add 1. And that's the number. Do a little algebra, and you get this. That is the growth function for this hypothesis set. And now I'm happy, because I see it's quadratic. It's more powerful than the previous guy, which was linear. Now let's up the ante, and go to the third one. Convex sets. This time, I'm taking the plane, rather than the line. So it's R squared. And my hypotheses are simply the convex regions. If you look at the values of x at which the hypothesis is +1, this has to be a convex region, any convex region. A convex region is a region where, if you pick any 2 points within the region, the entirety of the line segment connecting them lies within the region. That's the definition. So this is my artwork for a convex region. You take any 2 points and-- So this is an example of that. The blue is the +1. And the red is the -1. That's the entire space. So this is a valid hypothesis. Now you can see that there is an enormous variety of convex sets that qualify as hypotheses. But there are some which don't qualify. For example, this one is not convex, because of this fellow. Here's the line segment, and it went out of the region. So that's not convex. We understand what the hypothesis set is. Now we come to the task. What is the growth function for this hypothesis set? In other to answer this, what you need is-- you put your points. I give you N, and you place them. So here is a cloud of points. I give you N, and you say, it seems like putting them in general position is a good idea. So let's put them in a general position. And let's try to see how many patterns I can get out of these, using convex regions. Man, this is going to be tough because I can see-- Let's see. First, I cannot get all of them, right? Because let's say I take the outermost points, and map them all to +1. This will force all the internal points to be +1, because I'm using a convex region. Therefore, I cannot get +1's for the out guys, and any -1 whatsoever inside. So that excludes a lot of dichotomies. Now I have to do real counting. But wait a minute. The criterion for choosing the cloud of points was not to make them look good and general, but to maximize your growth function. Is there another choice for the points that gives me more hypotheses than these? As a matter of fact, is there another choice, for where I put the points, that will give me all possible dichotomies using convex regions? If you succeed in that, then you don't care about this cloud. The other one will count, because you are taking the maximum. Here is the way to do it. Take a circle, and put your points on the perimeter of that circle. Now I maintain that you can get any dichotomy you want on these points. What is the argument? Well, pick your favorite one. I have a bunch of blues and a bunch of reds. Can I realize this using a convex region? Yes. I just connect these guys. And the interior of this goes to +1. And whatever is outside goes to -1. And I am assured it's convex, because the points are on the perimeter of a circle. That means what? That means that the growth function is 2 to the N, notwithstanding the other guy. You realize now a weakness in defining the growth function as the maximum, because in a real learning situation, the chances are the points you're going to get are not going to end up on a perimeter of a circle. They are likely to be all over the place. And some of them will be interior points, in which case you're not going to get all possibilities. But we don't want to keep studying the particular probability distribution, and the particular data set you get, and so on. We would like to have a simple quantity. And therefore, we're taking the maximum overall, which will have a simple combinatorial property. The price we pay is that, the chances are the bound we are going to get is not going to be as tight as possible. But that's a normal price. If you want a general result that applies to all situations, it's not going to be all that tight in any given situation. That is the normal tradeoff. But here, the growth function is indeed 2 to the N. Just as a term, when you get all possible hypotheses, all possible dichotomies, you say that the hypothesis set shattered the points-- broke them in every possible way. So we can say, can we shatter this set, et cetera? That's what it means. You get all possible combinations on them. Just as a term. Now let's look at the 3 growth functions on one slide, in order to be able to compare. We started with the positive rays, and we got a linear growth function. And then we went on to the positive intervals. And we had a quadratic function. And that is good, because we are getting more sophisticated and the growth function is getting bigger. And then we went to convex sets, which are-- It's powerful and two-dimensional and all, but not that powerful. Convex sets are still-- It's really, although we got a bigger one, it's inordinately bigger. Maybe we should have gotten N cubed. But that's what we have. At least it goes this way. So sometimes that thing will be too much. But in general, you can see the trend that, with more sophisticated, you get a bigger growth function. Now let's go back to the big picture, to see where that growth function will fit. Remember this inequality? Oh, yes. We have seen it. We have seen it often. We are tired of it! What we are trying to do is replace M. And we decided to replace it with the growth function m. M can be infinity. m is a finite number, at most 2 to the N, so that's good. What happens if we replace M with small m? Let's say that we can do that, which we'll establish in the next lecture. What will happen? If your growth function happens to be polynomial, you are in great shape. Why is that? Because if you look at this quantity, this is a negative exponential. epsilon can be very, very small. epsilon squared can be really, really, really small. But this remains a negative exponential in N. And for any choice of epsilon you wish, this will kill the heck out of any polynomial you put here, eventually. Right? I can put a 1000th-order polynomial, and can have epsilon equal 10 to the minus 6. And if you're patient enough, or if your customer has enough data, which would be an enormous amount of data, you will eventually get this to win. And you will get the probability to be diminishingly small, which means that you can generalize. That's a very attractive observation, because now all you need to do is just declare that this is polynomial, and you're in business. We saw that it's not that easy to evaluate this explicitly. But maybe, there is a trick that will make us able to declare that it is polynomial. And once you declare that a hypothesis set has a polynomial growth function, we can declare that learning is feasible using that hypothesis, period. We may become finicky and ask ourselves, how many examples do you need for what, et cetera? But at least, we know we can do it. If you're given enough examples, you will be able to generalize from a finite set, albeit big, to the general space with a probability assurance. So that's pretty good. I'm happy that this is the case. So maybe we can, as I mentioned, just prove that m_H is polynomial, the growth function is polynomial. Can we do that? Maybe we can. Maybe we cannot. Here's the key notion that will enable us to do that. We are going to define what is called the break point. You give me a hypothesis set, and I tell you it has a break point. Perceptrons, 4. Another set, the break point is 7. Just one number. That's much better than giving me a full growth function for every N. Just one number. So what is the break point? The definition is the following. It's the point at which you fail to get all possible dichotomies. So you can see that, if the break point is 3, this is not a very fancy hypothesis set. I can't even generate all 8 possibilities on 3 points. If the break point is 100, well, that's a pretty respectable guy, because I can generate everything up to 99 points, all 2 to the 99 of them. And then I start failing at 100. So you can see that the break point also has a correspondence to the complexity of the hypothesis set. If no data set of size k can be shattered by H-- that is, if there are no choice of k points in which you are able to generate all possible dichotomies. Then you call k a break point for H. So let's look at-- what is the-- So that's what it means. You can't shatter, so less than 2 to the k, which are all the possibilities for k data points. So for the 2D perceptron, can you think of what is the break point? We did it already. We didn't explicitly say it in those terms. But this is the hint. For 3, we did everything. For 4, we knew we cannot do everything. So it doesn't matter whether it's 14 or 15 or 12 or 5. As long as it breaks, it breaks. It's not 16. And therefore, in this case, the break point is 4. That number 4 will characterize the perceptrons. Just to tell me, I have a hypothesis set. And it is defined-- I don't want to know the input space. Wait a minute. OK, I'm not going to tell you the input space. I'm going to tell you the hypotheses. The hypotheses are produced by the-- I don't want to hear it. Just tell me the break point, and I will tell you the learning behavior. Also, if you have a break point, every bigger point is also a break point. That is, if you cannot get all possibilities on 10 points, then you certainly cannot get all of them on 11. If you could get them on 11, just kill one. And you will have gotten them on 10. Let's look at the 3 examples, and find what are the break points. Positive rays had this guy. This is a formula. We can plug in for N. And we ask ourselves, when do I get to the point where I no longer get 2 to the N, numerically for a particular value. What is the break point here? N equals 1. I get 1 plus 1. That's 2. That also happens to be 2 to the 1. 2: N plus 1 is 3. Oh, that's less than 4. So 2 must be a break point. This is since we invested in computing the function, we are just lazy now and just substituting. But you could go for the original thing, and say that's obvious. Because this particular combination of points-- if I want the rightmost point to be red, and the left one to be blue, there is no way for the positive ray to generate that. And therefore, that 2 is a break point. There's something where I fail. Let's go for this one. We need faster calculators now. 1, 1/2, et cetera. Wow. It's exactly. When I put 1, it gives me 2. It must be the correct formula. Let's write 2. At 4, I get 2. And-- it calculates. What is the break point? It must be bigger than the other guy, because it's more elaborate. And you realize it's 3. If you put 2 points, you will get the 4. And if you put 3, you'll get 7, which is short of 8. Again, that's not a mystery. That's what you cannot get using the interval. You cannot get the middle point to be red while the other ones are blue. So you cannot get all possibilities on 3 points. Therefore, 3 is a break point. What is the break point for the convex sets? Tell me how many points where I can fail. Well, I'm never going to fail. So if you like, you can say this is infinity. Let's define it this way. So also, the break point-- just a single number-- has the property we want. It gets more sophisticated as the model gets more sophisticated. So what is the main result? The main result is that the first part will be-- if you don't have a break point, I have news for you. The growth function is 2 to the N. OK, yes. That's the definition. Thank you. So that cannot possibly be the main result. So what is the main result? The main result is that if you have a break point, any break point, 1, 5, 7000. Just tell me that there is a break point. You don't even have to tell me what is the break point. We are going to make a statement about the growth function. The growth function is-- do I hear a drum roll? [MAKES DRUM SOUND] It's guaranteed to be polynomial in N. Wow, we have come a long way. I used to ask you what are the hypotheses, and count them. That was hopeless because it's infinity. We defined the growth function, and we have to evaluate it. That was painful. Then we found the break point. Maybe it's easier to compute the break point. I just want to find a clever way, and say that I cannot get it. Now all I need to hear from you is that there is a break point. And I'm in business as far as the generalization is concerned, because I know that regardless of what polynomial you get, you will be able to learn eventually. I will become more particular, and ask you what is the break point, when I try to find the budget of examples you need in order to get a particular performance. But in principle, if I just want to say you can use this hypothesis set, and you can learn, I just want you to tell me I have a break point. That's all I want. This is a remarkable result. And I have to give you a puzzle to appreciate it. The idea of the puzzle is the following. If I just tell you that there's a break point, the constraint on the number of dichotomies you get, because there is a break point, is enormous. If I tell you a break point is, let's say, 3, how many can you get on 100 points? On those 100 points, for any choice of 3 guys, you cannot have all possible combinations-- at any 3 points, all 100 choose 3 of them. So the combinatorial restriction is enormous. And you will end up losing possible dichotomies in droves, because of that restriction. And therefore, the thing that used to be 2 to the N, if it's unrestricted, will collapse to polynomial. Let's take a puzzle, and try to compute this in a particular case. Here is the puzzle. We have only 3 points. And for this hypothesis set, I'm telling you that the break point is 2. So you cannot get all possible four dichotomies on any 2 points. If you put x_1 and x_2, you cannot get -1 -1, -1 +1, +1 -1, and +1 +1. All of them. You cannot get it. One of them has to be missing. So I'm asking you, given that this is the constraint, how many dichotomies can you get on 3 points? You can see, this is what I'm trying to do because I'm telling you that the restriction on 2 will-- If I didn't have the restriction, I would be putting eight. So I'm just telling you this case. So how many do I get? For visual clarity, I'm going to express them as either black or white circles, just for you to be able to-- instead of writing -1 or +1. This dichotomy is fine. It doesn't violate anything. I've only one possibility. So we keep adding. Everything is fine. As a matter of fact, everything will remain fine until we get to four, because the whole idea is that I cannot get all four on any of them. So if I have less than four, I cannot possibly get four combinations. You see what the point is. This is still allowed. I'm going through it as a binary one. So this is 0 0 0, 0 0 1, et cetera. I'm still OK, right? Am I still OK? [MAKES BUZZER SOUND] You have violated the constraint. You cannot put the last row, because it now violates the constraint. I have to take it out. So let's take it out. Try the next guy. Maybe we are in luck. Are we OK? OK. That's promising. So let's go for the next guy. Maybe we'll get it. Are we OK? [MAKES BUZZER SOUND] Tough. So we have to take out the last row. How about this one? Nope. We take it out. We don't have too many options left, right? Actually, this is the last guy. It had better work. Does it work? No. So that's what we can do. We lost half of them. Now you may think, maybe you messed it up because you started very regularly. Just started from all 0, 0 0 1. But if I started differently, I may be able to achieve more. It's conceivable. Please don't lose sleep over it. The only row you are going to be able to add to this table is this one. This is indeed the solution. And you can verify it at home. Now we know that indeed the break point is a very good restriction. And we are going, in the next lecture, to prove that it actually leads to a polynomial growth, which is the main result we want. Let me stop here. And we will take the questions after a short break. Let's start with the questions. MODERATOR: The first question is, what if the target or the hypotheses are not binary? PROFESSOR: There is a counterpart for the entire theory that I'm going to develop, for real-valued functions and other types of functions. The development of the theory is technical enough, that I'm going to develop it only for the binary case, because it is manageable. And it carries all of the concepts that you need. The other case is more technical. And I don't find the value of going to that level of technicality useful, in terms of adding insight. What I'm going to do is, I'm going to apply a different approach to real-valued functions, which is the bias-variance tradeoff. And it's a completely different approach from this one, that will give us another angle on generalization that is particularly suitable for real-valued functions. But the short answer is that, if the function is not binary, there is a counterpart to what I'm saying that will work. But it is significantly more technical than the one I am developing. MODERATOR: Just as a sanity check. When the hypothesis set can shatter the points, this is a bad thing, right? PROFESSOR: OK. There is a tradeoff that will stay with us for the entire course. It's bad and good. If you shatter the points, it's good for fitting the data, because I know that if you give me the data, regardless of what your data is, I'm going to be able to fit them because, I have something that can generate a hypothesis for any particular set of combinations. So if your question is, can I fit the data? Then shattering is good. When you go to generalization, shattering is bad, because basically you can get anything. So it doesn't mean anything that you fit the data. And therefore, you have less hope of generalization, which will be formalized through the theoretical results. And the correct answer is, what is the good balance between the two extremes? And then we'll find a value for which we are not exactly shattering the points, but we are not very restricted, in which we are getting some approximation, and we're getting some generalization. And that will come up. MODERATOR: Is there a similar trick to the one you used for convex sets in higher dimensions? PROFESSOR: So if you-- The principle I explained, I explained it in terms of two-dimensional and perceptrons. If you look at the essence of it, the space is X. It could be anything. The only restrictions I have are binary functions. So this could be a high-dimensional space. And the surfaces will be very sophisticated surfaces. And all I'm reading off, as far as this lecture is concerned, is how many patterns do I get on a number of N points. MODERATOR: Also a question on the complexity. Why is usually polynomial time considered as acceptable? PROFESSOR: OK. Polynomial, in this case, is polynomial growth in the number of points N. It just so happens that we are working with the Hoeffding inequality that gives us a very helpful term, which is the negative exponential. And therefore, if you get a polynomial, as I mentioned, any polynomial, you are guaranteed that for a large enough N, the probability-- the right-hand side of the Hoeffding, including the growth function, will be small. And therefore, the probability of something bad happening is small. Now obviously, there are other functions that also will be killed by the negative exponential. For example, if I had a growth function of the form, let's say, e to the square root of N, that's not a polynomial. But that will also be killed by the negative exponential, because it's square root versus the other one. It just so happens that we are in the very fortunate situation that the growth function is either identically 2 to the N, or else it's polynomial. There is nothing in between. If you draw something that is super polynomial and sub exponential and try to find the hypothesis set for which this is a growth function, you will fail. So I'm getting it for free. I'm just taking the simplicity of the polynomial, because lucky for me, the polynomials are the ones that come out. And they happen to serve the purpose. MODERATOR: OK. A few people are asking, could you repeat the constraints of the puzzle? Because they didn't get the-- PROFESSOR: OK. Let's look at the puzzle. I am putting 3 bits on every row. I'm trying to get as many different rows as possible, under the constraint that if you focus on any 2 of them-- so if I focus on x_1 and x_2 and go down the columns, it must be that one of the possible patterns for x_1 and x_2 is missing. Because I'm saying that 2 is a break point, so I cannot shatter any 2 points. Therefore, I cannot shatter x_1 and x_2, among others, meaning that I cannot get all possible patterns. There are only four possible patterns, which is, if you take it as a binary 0 0, 0 1, 1 0, 1 1. And I'm representing them using the circles. In this case, the x_1 and x_2 get 0 0, so to speak. If I keep adding a pattern-- So let's look at here. x_1 and x_2, how many patterns do they have? They have this pattern. They have it again. That doesn't count. So there's only one pattern here, plus one, is two. So on x_1 and x_2, I have only two patterns. So I haven't violated anything, because I will be only violating if I get all four patterns. So I'm OK, and similarly for the other guys. Things become interesting when you start getting the fourth row. Now again, if you look at the first 2 points, I get one pattern here and one pattern here. There are only two patterns. Nothing is violated as far these 2 points are concerned. But the constraint has to be satisfied for any choice of 2 points. So if you particularly choose x_2 and x_3, and count the number of patterns, you realize, 0 0, 0 1, 1 0, 1 1. I am in trouble. That's why we put it in red. Because now these guys have all possible patterns. And I know, by the assumption of the problem, that I cannot get all four patterns on any 2 points. So I cannot get this. So I'm unable to add this row under those constraints. And therefore, I'm taking it away. And I'm going through the exercise. And every time I put a row, I keep an eye on all possible combinations. So here, I put-- let's look at x_1 and x_2. 1 pattern, 2, 3. I'm OK. x_2 and x_3, 1 pattern, which is here and here. 2, 3. I'm also OK. And then you put x_1, x_3. Here is a pattern. It repeats here. 0 0 and 0 0. So that's one. And then I get this one and this one, 3. So this one is perfect, everyone. Not perfect in any sense, except that I didn't violate anything. So I'm allowed to put that row. Now when I extend this further, and start putting the new guys, for this guy, there is a violation. And you can scan your eyes and try to find the violation. And I'm highlighting it in red. So I'm showing you that for x_1 and x_3, there are the four patterns. Here's one pattern, the second one. I didn't count this one, just because it's already happened. So I just highlight four different ones, and then the third one and fourth one. So I cannot possibly add this row, because it violates the constraint on these 2 points. So I take it out and keep adding. Another attempt, this is the next guy. It still violates. Why does it violate? For the same argument. Look at the red guys. You find all possible patterns. So I cannot have it. So we take it away. And then the last one that is remaining is this guy. And that also doesn't work, because it violates it for those guys. You can look at it and verify. And the conclusion here is that I cannot add anything. So that's what I'm stuck with. And therefore, the number of different rows I can get under the constraint that 2 is a break point-- in this case, is 4. Obviously, the remark I mentioned is that maybe you can start instead of gradually from 0 0 0, 0 0 1, maybe you can start more cleverly or something. But however, anyway you try it, it's sufficiently symmetric in the bits that it doesn't make a difference. You will be stuck with at most 4. MODERATOR: OK. In the slide with the Hoeffding inequality, does anything change when you change-- specifically, does a probability measure change when you change from a hypothesis to dichotomy? PROFESSOR: For this one? MODERATOR: Yeah. PROFESSOR: Yeah. The idea here, M is the number of hypotheses, period. So it's infinity for perceptrons. We have to live with that. In our attempt to replace it with the growth function, we are going to replace it by something that is not infinite, bounded above by 2 to the N. As you can see, 2 to the N is not really helpful because I have a positive exponential and negative exponential. And that's not very decisive. Therefore I am trying to find if I can put a growth function-- not only put the growth function here, but also show that the growth function is polynomial for the models of interest that I have, and therefore be able to get this to be a small quantity for a real learning model, like the perceptron or the other one, neural networks, et cetera. All of these will have a polynomial growth function, as we will see. So that's where the number of hypotheses, which is M, goes to the number of dichotomies, which is the growth function. Not a direct substitution, as we will see. There are some technicalities involved. But that is what gets me the right-hand side to be a manageable right hand side, and goes to 0 as N grows, which tells me that the probability of generalization will be high. MODERATOR: OK. Is there a systematic way to find the break points? PROFESSOR: There is. It's not one size fits all. The are arguments, for example, you can go for neural networks. And sometimes you find it by finding a particular combination that you cannot break, and argue that this is the break point. Sometimes you can argue by-- Let me try to find a crude estimate for the growth function. Let's say the growth function cannot be more than this. And then as you go by, you realize that this is not exponential. So there has to be a break point at some point. This would be less than 2 to the N, and therefore will be a break point. So in that case, the estimate for the break point will be just an estimate. It will not be an exact value. But it will a maximum. We have a question in house. STUDENT: Hi. So in this slide, the top end is the number of testing points and the lower end is the number of training points. PROFESSOR: Yeah. N is always the size of the sample. And it's a question of interpretation between the two, whether that sample is used for testing, which means that you have already frozen your hypothesis, and you are just verifying, testing it. Or in the other case, you haven't frozen your hypothesis. And you are using the same sample to go around and find one. And you are charged for the going around aspect by M. STUDENT: So let's say that our customer gives us k sample points. How do we decide how many of them do we reserve for testing points, how many for training? PROFESSOR: This is a very good point. There will be a lecture down the road called validation, in which this is going to be addressed very specifically. There are rules of thumb. There are some mathematical results, but there is a rule of thumb. There are few rules of thumb that I'm going to say without proof, that stood the test of time. And one of the rules of thumb has to apply to, how many do we reserve, in order to first not to diminish the training set very much, and still have a big enough test set so that the estimate is reliable? So this will come up. Thank you. There is another question. STUDENT: Hi, professor. I have one question. So for 2 hypotheses that have the same dichotomy, is it true that the in-sample error is the same for the 2 hypotheses? PROFESSOR: OK. If it has the same dichotomy, it's even a stronger condition than this, because it returns exactly the same values. Now the in-sample error is the fraction of errors I got right and wrong. The target function is fixed. So that is not going to change. So obviously, I'm going to get the same pattern of errors. And if I get the same pattern of errors, then obviously I'm getting the same fraction of errors, among other things. Now if you're asking, for these 2 hypotheses, what is the out-of-sample error? That's a different story, because for the out-of-sample error, you take the hypothesis in its entirety. So in spite of the fact that it's the same on the set of points, it may be not the same on the entire input space, which it isn't because they're different hypotheses. And therefore, you get a different E_out. But the answer is yes. You will get the same in-sample error. STUDENT: Oh, yes. I see. That's why I was asking. Because I think that the out-of-sample error is different for 2 hypotheses. So can we replace the M with-- PROFESSOR: Exactly. And the biggest technicality in the proof-- We were saying, we're going to replace M by the growth function. That's a very helpful thing. Now, there has to be a proof. And I will argue for the proof, and the overlapping aspects, and some of this. The key point is, what do I do about this fellow? Because when I consider the sample, this one is very much under control. As you said, if I have 2 hypotheses that are the same here, they are the same here. But they are not the same here. So the statement here depends on E_out, depends on the whole input space. So how am I going to get away with that? That's really the main technical contribution for the proof. And that will come up next time. STUDENT: Sure, thank you. PROFESSOR: Sure. MODERATOR: So-- why is it called a growth function? PROFESSOR: A growth function. I really-- The person who introduced this called it a growth function. I guess he called it a growth function, because it grows, as you increase N. I don't think there is any particular merit for the name. MODERATOR: Is there-- what is a real-life situation similar to the one in the puzzle, where you realize that this break point may be too small? PROFESSOR: OK. The first order of business is to get the break point out of the way-- that there is a break point, we are in business. Second one is, how does the value of the break point relate to the learning situation? Do I need more examples when I have a bigger break point? The answer is yes. What is the estimate? And there's a theoretical estimate, a bound. Maybe the bound is too loose. So we'll have to find practical rules of thumb that translate the break point to a number of examples. All of this is coming up. So the existence of the break point means learning is feasible. The value of the break point tells us the resources needed to achieve a certain performance. And that will be addressed. MODERATOR: Is there a probabilistic statement for the Hoeffding inequality that is an alternative to the case-by-case discussion on M's growth rate in N? PROFESSOR: There are alternatives to Hoeffding. So there are alternatives to Hoeffding, and you can get different results or emphasize different things. I am sticking to Hoeffding. And I'm not indulging too much into its derivation, or the alternatives, because this is a mathematical tool that I'm borrowing. And I'm taking it for granted. And I picked the one that will help us the most, which is this one. So yes, there are variations. But I am deliberately not getting into them, in order not to dilute the message. I want people to become so incredibly familiar and bored with this one, then they know it cold. Because when we get to modify it, including the growth function and the other technical points, I'd like the base point to be completely clear in people's mind, so that they don't get lost with the modifications. So that's why I'm sticking to this. MODERATOR: I think that's it. PROFESSOR: Very good. We'll see you next time. | caltech | UClGTZDyz3CSl92TgDqIr0nw | 2012-04-20 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | detection | en | 13,046 | 69,486 |
Z1VphIfh6ak | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z1VphIfh6ak | PISCES SEPTEMBER 2021: Authentic Love! Stay Focused! ❤️ Love Reading | hi pisces i hope everybody's well this is going to be a general love reading for september 2021 for sun moon rising and data science in pisces and it is going to be general so it's not going to resonate for all of you but you can check out one of your other signs one of your person signs or you can look at personal reading all that information is in the description box and the rules can be reversed because this is general regardless of whether you're cross watching or not so we have guide as the overall energy for you and i actually want to get one more let's get one more for pisces all right and shadow work all right beautiful so there is some guidance here all right you are being guided or maybe the person you're dealing with is being guided maybe the connection is being guided and however this is happening through shadow work all right having to face your own shadows having to face your own fears um whatever it is that might be holding you back things that are buried deep within you all right there's a lot of guidance when it comes to doing that in our work so let's see [Music] first half of september sun moon rising and venus science okay for the situation we have the queen of pentacles crossed by the nine of swords all right so i feel like yeah you know this if this is you this is you trying to work on yourself trying to really nurture yourself trying to really find your sense of self-worth all right you are doing that um but it might also be causing you some pain which is um the challenge here right that having to possibly face certain things um that need healing or whatever that is whatever you need to do in order to take care of you might also be creating some stress here um let's see the recent past we have judgment and in the near future we have the six of swords okay so possibly there was a decision that was made recently or there was some kind of a revelation something that you feel um or the other person that your eyes were opened to something like having a revelation all right and i feel like you're trying to move away from whatever it is that is creating pain you're trying to move away from any conflict and you're trying to move towards um towards our calmer state of being that is what is coming up for you here all right you are succeeding at that so let's see for you we have the five of swords for them we have the ace of cups for you we also have the three of wands for them the tower and potential outcome is the five of pentacles all right pisces okay you there might be something that is creating some deception in your life or something that you feel is deceptive maybe that is what you have become aware of all right um i feel like there you are still thinking about the future you're thinking about how to move forward or how what it is that you should do again i do see you moving away from whatever it is that is um creating pain and it could even be related to this person so maybe you having discovered what it is that you are worth you increasing your self-worth is creating anxiety because it's it's helping you to see that maybe something has been deceptive all right either within your own self or from another person or maybe both however there is a person here that um does hold a lot of love for you okay so if there is someone else that has deceived you this could possibly be somebody else all right with this ace of cups because there is definitely a lot of love here whoever this person is they are undergoing a major transition here something very difficult so we'll see more when we clarify potential outcome we have the five of pentacles so it this could be you know having to face some kind of a loss either for you or the other person let's see don't worry about that five of pentacles we'll see more when we clarify i actually feel like you're moving in the right path regardless of what that five of pentacles is like that might just be something that um you know moving if you're moving away from something that is creating stress or something that was deceitful sometimes that can come come with a bit of a sense of feeling like you you had to lose something and i feel like i was saying that for the [Applause] i think it was for the air signs or i can't remember maybe the earth science i don't really remember but i i feel like it's been um a theme for some of the readings this time around that sometimes in order to move towards happiness where we will gain a lot we might have to lose something else but that's okay because it'll be worth it in the end so let's actually see what's going on here let's see this queen of pentacles crossed by the nine of swords [Applause] maybe some of you are thinking about an earth sign and that's creating stress it could be for some of you um let's see so we have the nine of wands the six of pentacles and the king of wands you're you're in a situation right now that you feel is very challenging i feel like you may even be almost wanting to resist moving towards the light right moving away from whatever it is that is creating you this stress but i feel like you're still um you're still pushing through you're you're you're still fighting for for that even if it does create some pain i feel like you're overcoming whatever those challenges are you're trying to find some balance and like i said it's like you you know you know what you are worth and this has been actually a recurring theme for for the water signs as well and yeah this is mannix wanting to destroy our spread here i know he's cute but can't have him mess up all the cards again he already did that he already did that yesterday all right so let's let's see let's clarify judgment yeah there he is again yeah he just wants to be petted i'll catch you but don't mess up the cards [Applause] that didn't work [Laughter] he's like totally just turning out around on his back wanting me to pet his belly all right come over here okay so clarifying judgment we have the knight of cups and the three of pentacles so there is a major revelation recently when it comes to how you feel um love should be approached and what it means to be able to approach love in a way where two people can actually work together as a team and i feel like that was a major revelation again this could be your person all right so we'll say somebody is realizing that somebody realized that that it's almost like you know i feel like maybe somebody was approaching um love from a from a perspective of things just being very practical of things just um wanting to just work together on something and mostly you know seeing it from a very um practical point of view rather than also having the emotions and i feel like what was realized is that yeah but you know what like you also need the emotions it can't just be something that works on the surface all right let's see that five of swords for your energy all right maddox give me some space please all right [Applause] all right the seven of wands the five of pentacles the chariot and the eight of pentacles what is going on here you i feel like you may have been trying to block out um a loss or you were trying to you were trying to avoid to avoid a loss and or feeling some kind of a loss and for because of that you you're moving in a direction where you're just trying to focus on work possibly so you may have been trying to distract yourself from whatever it is that is going on for you whatever it is that is um creating this this stress by distracting yourself possibly with work or with just focusing on other things but i feel like you know you it feels like you can't even really be focused on whatever else you're trying to focus on to distract yourself because well you're feeling that nudge you're feeling that guidance to really face this these shadows whatever they are let's see the three of wands the five of wands the page of wands and the nine of cups so you're thinking a lot you i feel like you really are facing whatever this is so there's a part of you kind of trying to um numb it out you're trying to distract yourself however like i said i feel like it's like you can't anymore um you're thinking you're doing a lot of thinking when it comes to the future and what it is that you would truly want what is it that would truly make you happy and you're thinking about ways to do that so i feel like you might be waiting just a little bit before taking action here or be before beginning on this new path because it it is something difficult whatever it is that you are discovering that you deserve or that you want again it's coming with some stress at the same time for whatever reason you know everybody's situation is different and this reading is reminding me a little bit of scorpio possibly as well as cancer and we do have cancer showing up here so if those signs um you might be dealing with one of those signs or maybe you have those signs in your chart let's see what's going on with this other person here let's see the ace of cups [Applause] all right we have the six of wands we have death and the ten of wands all right so there's somebody here who holds a lot of love for you and i feel like this is like pure unconditional love however i feel like this person is tired um tired possibly of i don't know what they're tired of but there's something that they're tired here and i do feel like it's related to whatever it is that was creating an issue okay and because of that i feel like they are trying to bring about some kind of an ending and i feel like they are they are and but that and it could be for this relationship but that doesn't mean that they don't have these emotions um there's a lot of love here that this person still has for you but maybe this whole situation has gotten a bit exhausting and it doesn't necessarily mean they're actually ending the connection for good um i feel like they still want this to be successful but okay with that six of wands but i feel like they also feel like you know what though like something needs to change here and that that could be what the tower is for them so let me clarify the tower yes i know you want me to pet you just let me finish this reading and i will give you so many hugs come on all right so clarifying the tower we have the queen of swords the ten of pentacles and the four of cups yeah okay so this is the tower that this person is going through is the fact that they're actually standing their ground here trying to be firm in their decisions i feel like this again this is somebody who does hold love for you this is somebody who wants commitment but they also need security they need consistency um that sort of a thing and the fact that they are possibly um ending this in one way or another maybe it's just energetically it really depends on on your situation um it's it's making them feel unhappy like it's not really what they want to do and that's why it's creating a tower for them like having to face their own issue of you know putting an end to something that for whatever reason isn't working out um yeah they don't want to have to do that basically but it's causing a transformation for them as well so let's see that five of pentacles in the potential outcome here all right we have the king of cups and the ace of swords see i knew it yes there is there is a sense of loss here because and it could even be related to somebody's identity all right i mostly feel like in this particular case that this is you um because there's something maybe that you are that you are giving up here right that five of pentacles also being here in your energy um that's coming with shadow work and sometimes you know when we do shadow work when we do our inner work and and face our fears it might mean that something needs to be given up or something needs to be released even if that is a part of our ego or part of our identity maybe another relationship maybe a commitment maybe a a particular situation um so by doing that though what you get in return is this king of cups that's love at its best and authenticity and it's moving you in the right direction moving you straight to love basically and emotional stability for you as well so whatever this is it's nothing that you cannot overcome and i feel like you are being guided in that direction right mannix all right so pisces if this resonated please give me a thumbs up and let's see your final message and if it didn't resonate it just wasn't your situation that's okay and we have the fixed moon hold your vision yeah and i feel like you're having that vision here right with that three of wands looking out into the future you know stay focused on what the end goal is right that king of cups and the ace of swords that's the end goal here hold your vision on what it is that you want and it's okay to release other things so pisces those were your messages thank you so much for watching and much love | Venus Insights | UCn5WNabsehZtJ4MAg8s-aBA | 2021-09-09 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 2,496 | 12,912 |
7WVLzIX_9QQ | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7WVLzIX_9QQ | Lets Play Pokemon Emerald Part 41 Shove my Waynut in you | okay turns out our egg decided to hatch without us War without a warning and it's a way nut well isn't that adorable no not really because I'm going to get rid of it right right up here uh uh wait whoa whoa whoa whoa calm down calm down okay and I think I'm going to stuff my little way nut inside the computer there I I I don't care how that sounded [Music] yeah wait no what are the other Pokemon in there oh yeah I remember [Music] now oh look looks like you have a lot of zip that's good fine out decided I need a favor Luke Marvel city has an underground sector called new marvio Luke I'd like you to go there and switch off the generator the generator has been running a bit haywire and it's going getting unsafe here the key oh well thank you put the basement key don't worry about it we have a challenge for you interest new okay um this is a side quest yeah that's right this game has side quest who knew I like it anyway it's pretty easy I think I'll just go ahead and do it side quest in Cross the universe yeah side questing across the universe hey oh [ __ ] I think I hit the wrong button and let's see okay this bet you didn't know this was here did you yeah he that's some freaky music guys yeah yeah sounds creepy don't it yeah it's pretty much just you know switches and stuff but there are a couple of Pokemon here and I'll show you what those are right now voltor I have never once caught a volor and been happy I did it they just don't seem seem like a you know higher tier Pokemon to use even electrod even electrod cuz their best move is self-destruct pretty [Music] much uh oh that's gay is it oh yeah let's keep going I really need to get me some repels I'd like to know why the hell the new maille is underground I mean what the hell's up with that Jesus Christ why is it infested with voltorbs I don't understand why are voltorbs like so hideous wait hold on a second ah I hate when there's multiple paths and I don't know which way to [Music] go like we have to listen closely and listen for the generator yeah don't oh for [ __ ] [Music] sake oh that's [ __ ] hate going a circles that's one thing I hate about this map is just [ __ ] going in circles man is not even right ah come on I have a right mind to own every single one of you with a single attack see baller is perfect down here cuz he can't really be affected by any other attacks except Sonic Boom oh my God what you know what [ __ ] you volor just [ __ ] you what is that just an angry Pokeball man my master didn't like me very much he used me to catch cater peie and I got pissed so I just went Rebellion on him well the electricity C from well I'm manmade what do you expect there's some like Pokemon lore about that like it's supposed to be man-made Pokemon which is I'm confused if you can make Pokemon why don't you just make the best one that's what they said with mewtu oh well you know just make the best one that's not [ __ ] insane how about [Music] that Mewtwo was insane I don't care what you say he had reasons sure but God dang it he was [ __ ] insane and where did you get all those master balls can he just create [ __ ] with his mind cuz he's [ __ ] like cuz he's God like that I'd like to send a few dark types again him see how he does he just like oh well the new generation just kind of nerfed me didn't they it's like yep we sort of did that's why we have new legendaries oh well what do they do well we have one that can you know move [ __ ] time and space and you know we have others that uh were [ __ ] from a they came from a [ __ ] meteorite so and we have one that can grant wishes so he's just like what happened to you know regular Pokemon he's like sorry we we went upgrade man we did we did upgrade poor Mewtwo he got nerfed so [Music] hard uh and Mew was the cutest thing ever he was he was he really was he was one of the cutest Pokemon it's the main reason they made that movie so they could show off his cuteness I guarantee you that and what is [Music] this another voltor yeah yeah there was a Magnemite in here if you didn't see it I was too busy yapping my J my G my gums and they cannot affect baller except with Sonic Boom which kind of sucks because cuz it has a constant [Music] attack yes just yes oh well that's gay what's the point of being a frozen if he only does it for one [Applause] turn that's [Music] gay man oh well not much to do about it I guess and there goes another one you go on at it Voltorb you know this is the kind of place you you would expect to find um oh [ __ ] you this is the kind of place you'd expect to find Zapdos or something uh but sadly the legendaries for this series aren't quite as cool I mean well they are cool but they're not for [ __ ] sake they're not uh what's the word Elemental like they used to be they aren't fire lightning and water like you know or ice they're just uh Thunderstone o step on the switch click and we have succeeded we are getting the [ __ ] out of here because we have three Escape rids that need using woohoo I just remember to joke about those things like he use Escape rope uh dude you know you were supposed to start putting that out when you first entered the cave what yeah what did you think you would just magically spin around and reappear right at the entrance no that's ridiculous why would I think that if you get taken out by a wingle I will lose all respect for you baller well maybe [Music] just like let's go see I need heal baller got kind of [ __ ] up in there cuz all the Sonic [Music] booming [Applause] yep and I have one space ready for novin and as far as I know I just yeah okay waha I knew it luk I knew you'd make the right choice in asking you this my thanks TM contain a thunderbolt you earn take Thunderbolt I am now officially Admiral Luke von Dash Thunderbolt I don't know why please need to know and to see young ones take up and take charge I'm sure it does I mean I'm sure it does watch kind of creeps me out man oh look he's gone right in case you didn't know this is where we're supposed to go next I know this game does a great job of telling you where to go oh my God come on well whatever all you can sit through this if I can come on don't need to be a [ __ ] don't need to be a [ __ ] suck my [Music] balls oh really three three random battles in the course of less than I've traveled that entire area uh back there that that's nice right we are officially in the new area I don't know what it's called yet cuz we haven't gotten the message but we'll do that next time I think I hope you've enjoyed this part of Pokemon Emerald as much as I have I've been your host Lucas 13 it's been lovely having you here I love being your guide as I know you love having me as your guide yes yes anyway sorry I got sidetracked um please join us next time in the wonderful adventures of Pokemon Emerald I'll see you there thank you and good night | Lukuz13 | UCKwtKluRrzKLGSvNXlJcDbQ | 2011-08-19 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,382 | 7,064 |
CeEsQA6EBik | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CeEsQA6EBik | discurd: the dealers alleyway | hey guys welcome to the uh well the video this is the discord server am i talking too loud i don't know um this is my discord server the dealer's alleyway uh we got the rules here y'all can read that when you join um we got announcements public chat video ideas the moderator castle where the moderators hang out you do not disturb them memes art and we got the vc chat and you just yeah that's my room when i want to make a video talk just talk with other people and actually that that that one's a mistake you can't talk with me talk with tophat um tanaf yes this is still in the works a cannon versus bootleg wait whatever happened to that series oh yeah it ended oh yeah now i remember um then we got staff room you won't be able to see this from voice channel i am the staff and also i got some custom some custom commands if i just put put that and obviously it will show that wow that's amazing oh wait it's not loading uh if i put in ranks i think if i put in ranks yeah there we go yeah show the ranks the king dealer the queen do i don't know why i put that in there i need to delete that um moderator enter moderator this is unobtainable you cannot get this this is exclusive for someone a helper subscriber and the untrusted there's also a new person but it doesn't show that for some reason um and then [Music] if we do um was that other command was it um dang i forgot what it is oh yeah rules yeah now remember it was rules so we put that in this mate this is supposed to be a one minute video now it's three minutes oh no wait why is it not working it was supposed to show the rules like it does up here well i'ma just delete all these messages and i think that's the video i hope you like this discord last time i did there were naughty people in there but don't worry don't worry they they um will never come back because they don't know my youtube channel oh wait there it is rules i need to delete that too you know i'm just going to end the recording see you here or there or anywhere | TopHat Dealer | UCH2OCImggFfKYqzBy8FqX4w | 2021-11-11 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 408 | 2,005 |
6DahquTVqe8 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6DahquTVqe8 | The Harvest Is In | Lucky Corners 100 | Workers & Resources: Soviet Republic | hey everyone uh welcome back to Lucky Corners in uh workers and uh Soviet and Republic resources and all of that jazz Okay so Farms yeah and uh fields and they are being harvested right and it is filling up the uh grain storage up here now uh I have a couple of things uh first of all I'm going to replace this with a single one of these that has rail built into it uh or am I maybe uh maybe not you know what no I'm going to okay so if I demolish this and demolish this let that demolish come on there we go now I can go ahead and because I want to move it as well so I'm going to go in here and no it's going to be in here uh grain storage so the uh this one yes that one okay I want to move it over about this way right um so we'll flatten the terrain and good plunk that down there okay now uh what I am going to do is go in here cancel some real lines uh like about like that uh cancel these okay now I will go in here concrete um yeah I'm not doing electric right okay so this one can come out exactly what really okay what oh need to flatten the terrain okay so we got that and then this comes around like this and I think um just uh hold on a moment stupid spam calls um right uh okay so uh that doesn't connect uh okay so I need to cancel that and yeah fill that in uh expand this and we'll uh build that yeah uh uh I'm using the rubles because why not and I guess you know what there's no I I can just have a backing service on here I don't need to worry about anything else so if I just uh build this yeah okay then I can come up here and cancel some more stuff here uh uh I want to cancel the rail uh yeah cancel that up to there cancel this up to here and you know what if I cancel all of this out yeah okay now I can just finish the research program what okay come up here yeah okay yeah just built that yeah now go ahead and put your signaling in so I'm gonna want a one of those and a one of those and a couple of those yep and then along here probably want a couple of blocks yeah that will do uh yeah that will definitely do so this 1.2 million Rubles we have 14 million of those just build it uh what am I gonna do I'm gonna bring grain down to this this storage and then I'm going to use that for the food supplies for or the grains of crop supplies into here uh right now yeah cause uh then I can just run a single truck in in between here right uh it'll be a shorter uh delivery and that will be that will be fine now oh is that uh finished um constructing yes yes it has it does however need um some additional infrastructure which I will now construct uh so coming out of here will come straight up to there and then like this and then we can come across like that yeah yep and then I will obviously need to add a um one of these nope one of these yeah add that uh right about here bam uh okay build that right now I'm also going to need some sort of power substation over here I'm pretty sure um that one sure why am I doing this because I'm pretty sure I need to have another power distribution point up here and I'm going to you know just put it in now if I go and grab a high voltage line um that one will do where do I have a high voltage connection I don't uh yeah okay so I'm going to just pause over here and I'm going to cancel a couple of those wires and then I'm going to put a high voltage switch um that one will do yeah that one will do and I can connect it like here yep like that and I guess I should probably do that too uh yeah do that do that and which one is that one is that that one yep and then that one comes in like that oh I can do that okay I'll do that and then yeah we'll take this one know what no I'm gonna make this one Underground yeah why because then it doesn't uh put a bunch of wires in the way yeah just like that so build that and yeah okay I'm also going to need something like that yeah so now we have power down here okay yeah okay that uh that gets that now I want to go way up here where we can observe that there is now 22 2200 yeah okay we are harvesting so I'm gonna want uh some vehicles in here uh now uh let's look at this uh nope nope uh it's um right 55 tons of crops 54 tons of crops length 15 length 17 yeah whatever uh uh okay yeah cargo wagon okay yeah so I can go back over here and we'll go with the box car because it's uh quite um we'll go with this box car here because you know it's it's cool um okay so that's let's put eight or so of them in there let's put a dozen or so of them in there and then we're gonna go for diesel Loco and what have I been using for the others I can't remember now um uh the t678 okay that one will do put a couple I'll put several of those in there because I can buy them right now right um right now I go up here where I can see what's doing right now if I add a task here or we can load and then I add an unload task here unload uh 100 yeah okay oh uh something I need to make sure of is that I've got fuel coming into there which I don't um right no uh this is the fuel delivery one right um deliver fuel there okay and go up here turn that off for the moment and let the uh fueling immense yes okay we've got some Fields emptied yep and now we've got the harvesting gear heading out to other fields uh yeah that is uh doing its thing and right so now there's fuel in there I can turn this on oh wow um it's taking eight cars ah so I should put um four more of those box cars in there um cargo uh yeah yeah okay so we'll do that okay ah right okay so what I want to do here is ADD um a couple of rail signals here uh a mixed signal no a change signal yeah two-way nope yeah okay and you have yeah okay so we are bringing we're going to be bringing crops down here uh so the idea I guess is now uh I'm gonna do food production uh in this uh area here uh okay so uh you let's just um uh hop on board this this train and uh see what this ride looks like so we come through here right and we come around oh yep that would be an oversight okay I'm going to need one of these yeah okay so this is going to be a chain signal here and the chain signal here a regular signal here and the regular signal there and I suppose that those should be chain signals shouldn't I if I'm gonna have them in there no I don't need them in there cancel them yeah okay and build that Crossing thing there yeah okay so vehicles that are coming here foreign yeah okay um why is it stopping here okay [Music] this uh section is too short okay nope so I need to lengthen this up to oh say here right build it yeah and then we go and put the chain signal back here the regular signal here no and we cancel these and we cancel this yeah okay that one might be too short as well but nah well uh we'll leave that over here we have on we are unloading crops into the storage there we go and we have another one unloading crops into the storage right citizens happiness is too low where why uh without food what unable to get food we have food there drinking water oh what's the uh problem we have chemicals but we don't have water okay well uh I suppose I could add a an another this is a big water well um and this is okay I need maybe another pumping station uh big water pumping station um I could put this here um I suppose I could do that that and then grab the nope grab the pipe uh grab this what do that um that is uh that is filling that faster um okay well we've maxed out the water treatment plant okay that is filling up now okay um okay that is definitely a crisis averted uh-huh now we head on over up here and we can see we've got 800 tons of green in there and we are bringing a large train in there to soak up some more we'll go in here and I'm going to raise the threshold to 20 percent no to ten percent for the load yeah well uh definitely looks like all of that is going to get uh sorted out yep uh-huh we have a train uh-huh okay we'll just watch this one uh tick through here it shouldn't need to take that long out of the way detour it doesn't okay right okay um right so this yep okay so I think it might be worth adding another eight box cars in here so it's going to be cargo wagon yeah okay we need all the Locos to go home for that too so you are where oh you're at home okay that strolls in then it goes right back out okay you are where ah you're coming back and you ah we've got we've got three trains out okay oh I could put a bypass in for the inbound yeah I don't think I need to now so that's going to come up and load a chunk right yep so yeah we've got lots of crops yet to come in as the trucks here do their thing yeah okay and we have three trains shuttling back and forth I might want to Twin that actually but it's only going to be important for a chunk of the year right so okay I want to check something here oh we've got water up here in the distribution point so yeah it should be fine although I do think I'm going to want another water treatment facility safer up here yeah I'm gonna need one uh yeah that's gonna be uh it's gonna be a thing I need to do yeah I'll forget about that for the next episode of course uh yeah as we accumulate several thousand uh uh lumps of crops there yeah okay you know what I'm going to just before I end the part so I don't forget I'm going to twin this bit um okay so if I cancel this signal I can go in here and do that build that up and if I cancel this signal I can go in here and ooh crash uh okay Let's uh let's get that back see where it crashed out right well that was fun uh right load auto save um okay let's see where it crashed but we're at last Auto saved uh right okay now was this before this was this was after I sorted the water out was it uh train is waiting too long yes of course it is uh happiness is too low uh yeah it's after I saw it at the water problem out okay so I'm gonna go uh over here and my uh my plan was to twin this business here so I'm just gonna pause it and save yeah so that if it crashes again right so now I'll go in here and cancel the signal here and that one uh this one and this one right now we'll take this thing here and from here do this all the way around to here where I will do this okay um what I wanted to click on I wanted to just uh build this okay and okay now go in here right cancel that and cancel that okay and if I go in here I can put a few of these in yeah yeah and another set right about here I think right yeah it's probably safer to have that dual tracked yeah that'll definitely be safer because there there'll be potentially a lot of traffic on there and over here yep we got another lump of uh props going there removing 440 tons at a time in these eight car uh trains um can I get another eight wykins in here I don't think I can I'm gonna try though Argo I can get six okay yeah I'll go for that and in here yep well those trucks are going to end up having to catch up relatively quickly they carry 13 tons right um yeah I probably should pave these roads just so that the trucks can drive faster right um yeah I should okay well anyway we've got a steady unload rate going on here that is uh you know doing a thing yeah it's filling the place up I see ah almost all the fields are finished yep okay well that is the first big uh agricultural uh operation here uh and what I think I'll do is I'll take this whole operation and mirror it on this side including a second silo yeah set of you know a second storage Silo thingy here then uh yeah yeah that that would be the way to double the crop production yep okay well anyway uh I'm going to put the cut here uh that is uh the uh last step before I start building the actual food processing down there uh which is going to need a water treatment and everything else so so I'll do that next time hopefully remember uh and uh I guess uh that's uh that's going to be all for this time so I'll mention on the way out that I I do have a patreon you know uh the Link's in the description and you can use that if for some reason you want to support the channel or you can ignore it you know uh that's that's an option too and I guess also there's um the like comment subscribe business which you can do at absolutely no cost to yourself and all that said see you back next time for uh the first uh episode of The Next Century of these uh like this was episode 100 if my count is correct and that uh that's way more than I thought I would end up doing on this series anyway uh that's all for now see you back next time | William Astle | UCrpu5HU3nJIwdkHHe4fvpaw | 2023-09-15 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 2,622 | 12,402 |
lWJUWWkxrR4 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lWJUWWkxrR4 | Statistical Rethinking - Lecture 03 | but I know you guys are making good progress because the emails I get are mainly pretty minor things so far of course the true sufferers may not be emailing me not at work itself out I let me get back into the real life my typical indirect fashion so this is the horoscope of princess gander who was the grandson of Tamburlaine or Timur who conquered most of all we now call the Near East he was a descendant of Mongols and so I bring this up because often when I teach dance courses I feel like it's impossible like doing horoscopes since there's this impossible task where a bunch of people with particular criteria are asking me to give general vague advice to all of you at once and yet you want it to be useful in your particular instances lose like a newspaper horoscopes right they can only be appealing because they're so bad that they're useless that's the only way they can be true right and that's why I horoscopes or sort of half that apologies does you believe in astrology it doesn't work but that's sort of how the newspaper down the internet that's where the horoscope is now in the Internet but they could be appealing and remain credible because they're so paid and often staff sources great into that problem as well and I always feel this tension teach you some general methods and then there are all these details that are going to matter if you keep you in particular in your little life everybody has a big life way bigger than any of us in films and so I want to say this at the start and and that'll help you calibrate some of my commentaries that go along getting general advice but you will know things about your particular study systems and your science and your questions that maybe didn't make violating any particular advice thank you and you can trust yourself enough happy to help you when you have your particular problems later and you come to me I do a lot of consulting in office hours stuff that sort of thing and I find it very rewarding but usually it involves trying to dissuade you from doing something you've seen somebody else do so we're gonna resist the horoscope even though we have to start with the general you know casting of the bones and figuring out when you were born and why our mercury was and stuff like that so this week we're gonna be doing linear regression which is truly the Vegas sort of model but we'll learn a lot from it and in your particular cases you'll end up doing something better before we get into that we just got a few slides that will help you in your homework I can tell from the emails I've received that you guys have pushed through this just fine we have just got them to what's often called posterior predictive checking these little machines called statistical models can malfunction and mean when they function correctly they may reveal themselves to be nonsensical by the answers they provide so you you have to do some sort of criticism at the end and often this will mean plotting the implied predictions of the model and we'll do a ton of that in this course one of the main struggles in fighting this court is all the damage body it's going to be a bunch of plotting and every model needs to plot it slightly differently because they're different and but you get good at it after a while and it's something you really need to do to make sense of your statistical projects so the the simplest sort of check just check on function right now and we'll do more sophisticated things later it's often called a posterior predictive check or simply a predictive check it is posterior because we're going to use certain bodies in the posterior distribution to simulate imply data from the model so the process of Bayesian updating or conditioning on the data sort of pushes the data into the model and it constructs a posterior distribution now we push the posterior distribution back through the model and it makes data and not line because we're gonna tell people we did that right it's not gonna report it that's the real data so there's nothing naughty about it it's a way to check that you can understand what the model implies and often once you try this you realize you don't like your model for myself and sometimes it reveals that the Machine did something wrong jeans been machines are sophisticated like you they don't know when they fall down on their face right it's just report answers and so we're gonna start by learning how to do this let me give you the conceptual version of it so here we have a humble posterior distribution for the globe-hopping data this is in print and so along the bottom we have the different proportions of probabilities of water on the globe I'm gonna isolate three different parameter values three different probabilities of water label here a B and C each of them implies a different ensemble of predictions that are possible given simulated globe tops so for example if the true probability of water in the globe were at a there which is a little bit below 0.5 let's call that point 4 or I'll have it up here in a second it's point three eight if that were the true value and we had a globe where that was true we tossed it a bunch of times nine times each we'd get there's an uncertainty about what would happen because you wouldn't always see the expectation still going to quote random there's uncertainty about what will happen so we get different counts of water observed simulating data if the truth water coverage was 0.38 and the the pie graph there is meant to show that 0.38 is blue is water right most of the earth is land this wrong this makes it so far so you get over I think I simulated over 10,000 different simulated sets of tossing the globe nine times the count of water as a minimum of 0 and we got land every time there's a maximum nine user of water every time both of those extreme cases are highly unlikely mainly you're going to get something that is close to 0.38 that's that's the implication of this particular parameter value this particular conjecture we can do that for B as well Abby it's 0.6 for now there's more water than land this is closer to reality reality by the way is like point seven one 70% of just abouts its water if it spawns at time of day always increasing to so we simulate now and you'll see that the simulated distribution of observations is shifted to the right because now the simulations assume there was more water these distributions of simulated data are called sampling distributions their distribution center right particulars assumptions about the conduct of sampling data this is all still in the small world it's all still in land assumption the real world has not intervened yet in this and then the last case let's think about see really extreme case if it's point eight nine now you see the sampling distribution is pushed up against the maximum most of the time you expect to get seven eight or nine really eight or nine waters now of course we don't know the true value but we do have a posterior distribution over the possible values for the proportion of water coverage on the globe and so if we want to get a sampling distribution that contains that uncertainty we want to use the samples from the posterior distribution and for each one we can generate a sampling distribution mix them all together because we simulate a free sample from the posterior distribution we made one of these sampling distributions like this when we mix them all together and they'll the the simulated date will be present in the proper ways given the relative relative Clause abilities contained in the posterior distribution that doesn't make a medium Center normal this means you're human so there'll be a bunch of examples and that's typical when you do your homework you really get a chance to wrap your brain around this so when we merge these together we get a more squashed distribution of implied data because we're not sure what the actual value for P is but we you have given the data we've seen so far and the model that we're assuming we do have some information about which ones are more and less plausible and the extreme values near zero and one are highly implausible given the data we've seen zero and what are strictly impossible lots of ones in between are more plausible in the most possible ones give us six out of nine because that's the data we saw I put the thick black bar there on the far right graph indicates the actual observed data and it is central to this distribution of simulated data that we see here so any way you can think about this is the model reproduces the actual observation very high like this if it's right in the middle but it's also highly uncertain about what right because we haven't had a lot of data yet there's still a lot of uncertainty in the posterior prediction so this is a calibration this is a way to visualize what the model expects if you made your little golem predict the future this is its conjecture that embodies all the uncertainty that's still in the posterior and if you used instead I get to question a second thank you if you used to send only one of the values it would be an T conservative it would throw away all that work that you went through to get the posterior distribution in the first place and you would end up being overconfident in some way creative inspiration I just I've got the curve and I just picked a B and C the actual merger on the right uses the infinite number of them uses all of them it you know I'm going to show you how to do this in the code on the next slide so this is a good question actually repeat for my computer what the question was question was where did I how did I choose a B and C I chosen just for the sake of example because they were basically evenly spaced and you know different sides of the posterior mode but the merge distribution on the far right actually uses every value of P weighted by its posterior probability in other words we can we say we integrate over the uncertainty in the posterior distribution which is a fancy word for averaging weighted averaging let me say integrate over in probability theory when you really always just mean a weighted average so what you guys have already got samples I showed you on Thursday and you've already done some exercise on this on your own scheduled on Thursday how to draw samples from a posterior distribution this makes this integration task a lot easier than it might be otherwise because now just for each sample you run one of these simulations and so if we had 10,000 samples from the posterior distribution we can feed it into our by know our biome is the random binomial function each of these simulations will have a size equals nine tosses of the globe and what is spit out or emitted by our biome it's stored in the symbol NW in the line of our code here are the counts of observed water they're integers from zero to nine okay tell me how to teach we have one simulation for every draw from the posterior distribution we have 10,000 of them and so these simulations at the end integrate over the uncertainty in the posterior distributions right so we get a conservative prediction of forecast this makes some sense yeah it does the middle column invisibly for you and makes the merge thing at the end exactly right question was so this code skips over the middle column in the previous figure yes okay so the question was oh I'll translate you tell me if I got it right there's my translation of the question for posterity and my computer is so in this particular case we samples contains 10,000 values because that's what we decided to draw you know previous slides and 24 is 10,000 we're going to do 10,000 simulations a match so we get one simulation for each sample what if they don't match then what happens then what our does is it recycles the vector so whichever one is shorter it's recycled in order so if you only had a thousand samples and you did 10,000 simulations to use it would use each would use it 10 times it would use that vector of a thousand 10 times starting over its beginning again you don't want to do that you want to make a match okay otherwise you're gonna get some weird correlated simulations or something right you'll end up getting bad rates your computer's have ton of memory at least for these simple models it's know you'd go crazy you can do a million near the end of the course we'll have models with a few thousand parameters in just for kicks and in that case you may not want to do this the good news is as you'll see today posterior distributions are often quite normally distributed normal shaped and in that case you don't need a lot of samples to describe them because you can get a really good estimate of the mean of standard deviation with a small number of samples in a thousand so and we're not launching space shuttles it's like each okay right so we're not going to fetishize precision where there really is none actually good question there was another question back there okay don't be shy about asking questions point being in classes so you can hear up me right otherwise I would lecture to my computer at home and upload it and sleep all day okay so later on actually today this will get a little bit harder but the strategy remain the same and the rethinking package contains a number of convenience functions all introduces you maybe today if not stay on Thursday that automate a lot of this but I want you guys first time introduced to you I'm gonna help you understand what good question so the question was a little computer when we're doing this where we're visualizing the uncertainty in these graphs but have to quantitatively how it should be described I'm being shy about that right now because I don't think there's a general answer to that this actually predicts my next slide I think it depends upon what you want to do your scientific purpose there's a there's a kind of a tradition of doing chi-square tests to figure out if the observed data are comfortably within the simulated envelope there in this case you can tell just by eyeballing this you don't need to do a chi-square test you right and I don't really have anything against a Bacchae for goodness of fit test in this context as long as you treated it formally the problem is of course we'll need some threshold to decide to accept or reject and the threshold will totally be arbitrary unless you do a real cost-benefit analysis so that's why being a little bit bad and then this comes back to the horoscope princess standard right in general I can't give you good advice about that I'm gonna try to resist trying to cast a horoscope for you in the context of particular data analysis examples through the course I'll be able to say something better yeah like a 5 percent or something but I think the general procedure makes some sense because you're trying to get a measure of how far out in the tail the observed data are that can be quite useful as a calibration is a port of communication but just quick how far the quantile it is far out it would be one way to summarize where it is I think the threshold bin is a different it's like masquerading as decision theory I think and I'll have something more to say about that later okay all right I see people scratching their pins which is fine but I'm gonna keep looking at cuz I think you're gonna be about this asked the question right it's a teacher instinct that develops over time okay so this brings me to this where I was going to say something about this is this this process of generating the posterior predictive distribution and asking where the observed data yeah it's a good way to figure out if the model did his job right the observed data should be in there comfortably and you want to get some calibration on that but then there's often this quest to figure out but then quantitatively what decisions that I make based on that I think it's hard to give general advice we're in horoscope land in fact I think there's universally no best way because scientific purposes are very diverse and no single criterion can is always justifiable like the 5% writing and I want to say I say this in the notes to Fisher Ronald Fisher is often blamed for this 5% thing because it wasn't one of his 1920s books but he had the most tangible justification of it in there it's like yeah it seemed to mean right now and use 5% is that the z-score of about two and seems harmless you know and at the time it was but they you know it's your scientist if that 5% then use it as a ritual to clean their hands and guilt stuff but I don't think it's Fisher's fault that the 5% caught on so strongly it's clear I think that it's just the convention right the only the objective about 5% is that everybody uses it right doesn't mean it's it's good in general I think you may need our imagination and and often what posterior predictive checks are for or is some way to all models do something silly this one's so simple that that it's hard to use it as a good example but we'll have good examples later all models make bad predictions for some subset of the observations and so these posterior predictive checks can be a ways to spur our imagination to think about a better process model for the data and then through multiple cycles of modeling and empirical investigation you can make models that are better and better so this has this kind of kind of iterative effect where it helps us find flaws with the model and then we can try to theorize ways to improve those things now we do have to be careful and I'll emphasize this is go through the course we have to be careful not to chase noise because there's no model will ever make four predictions in fact there are lots of really interesting phenomena in nature which cannot when we get the right model what the model tells us is we can't predict these things like the weather two weeks out no good luck right unless there's a hurricane two weeks out but there are lots of phenomena in nature which are highly indeterminate BIRT human births predict the sex of someone's next child right we have the right model the right model tells us you can't do it that's the world folks and it's a wonderful one weird thing of writing poetry about anyway and I have this quote from James which I think he says it quite well James was a physicist American physicist he was also a officer in the Navy this is him looking handsome as a young man and he did a lot in Bayesian inference and my my sort of philosophy of Bayesian inference follows heavily on on James those of you've read some James you'll recognize I will say though James was a very code nation's person so you have to be careful when you watch we agreed very doctrinaire and I try to be considerably less doctrinaire than he was okay let me give you the pit stop here and we'll get into new material the program so far we're making models because we're we take as one purpose in science is to make predictive models of natural phenomena these models help us forecast and see what's going to happen as well as understand things that have already happened we make the model go by conditioning on data and we do that we derive some approximation of the posterior distribution that distribution gives us the relative plausibility is conditional on this model and these data of the different conjectures they could be different adjustable bits of the model those little bits parameters then we use this posterior distribution to describe our uncertainty it could be very beat we'll get some distributions today it'll make you feel good and sometimes it'll be very why but either way there's this kind of safety device built in using it because the width of the posterior distribution gives you an idea of your uncertainty then we can then add more data later and prove upon that and then we need to check the model and I've only showed you one way so far we'll get more examples as we go so a little bit remind you the philosophy the inference here is in the language of probability and this is deeply frustrating your model will only talk to you in probabilities if you distributions and it doesn't speak human so a lot of what we do in this course will be generating implied predictions from these posterior distributions will spend a lot of time on that we'll start it today the best parameter value is not really the focus the whole distribution is the quote unquote estimate its deduced so it's not an estimate of something it's a logical consequence of your assumptions and the data and of course even the best value may be terrible models take themselves for granted but you should never pick your model for granted we'll have an example of that probably not today but on Thursday where the model gets really really confident because there's a lot of data but it's a terrible model and the model can't see that that you will be able to I'll show you an example on Thursday if I can stay on time okay let's get into linear regression so let me introduce this by by asserting that linear regression is centric model of statistics let me try to unpack that I don't mean that as an insult because geocentrism is awesome it's just wrong it's only problem so Claudius Ptolemy really an incredible intellect member of this lineage I think there were the Greeks that sort of were given that Alexander gave Egypt - I think this is history some of you may know this better than me but the Ptolemies built the Library of Alexandria and you know basically meeting they stole Scrolls from boats and coordinate them in a library right there's some barbarians burned them all later at least most of them but you know that's that's history Ptolemy is invented this model or rather improved upon a model that he had received through modification and descent but he did a lot of work a model for predicting the positions of the planets in the heavens and some stars as well and we now know this model is the geocentric model quite casually or the Ptolemaic model of the solar system and the physical analogy as follows that the earth is at the middle everything goes around sort of how we look at the sky and the thing about this model I can start it into motion here my computer will behave yeah there it goes think about this model is if you know the physical structure is a social system it's absolutely goofy and it's extra goofy because it it achieves its predictions by using this device called epicycles which are orbits on orbits you can vaguely see them this will be way better than when you watch it at home the colored circles that are orbiting one another and their little planets on the outer circles and they keep spinning around this is not how the solar system actually works right but it turns out that this is a really accurate model if all you want to do isn't if spot Mars in the sky this works incredibly well over time and gets wrong you have to refit that's true like every hundred fifty years or so it slowly gets out of whack but once it's reset and it's really accurate it's perfectly good for amateur astronomy you want to find Venus or Mars it works great if you want to get a probe to Mars you're gonna miss the sky it works great and in particular it's able to predict and this is what it was constructed to do it's able to predict the retrograde motion of planets in the sky so Mars will be trucking along in the sky and then cap goes backwards that's what they call launderers the planet is Latin for wonder and that is now explained by the fact that we were moving to but at the time they had to invent some mathematical device to get this thing to go backwards and that's when that loops back so Mars on my screens about to do it again so that creates this retrograde motion it's this is a fantastic mathematical achievement this model positions the planets and not only that but it's an example of a Fourier series which those of you who have some engineering exposure in particular a particular kind of math background the Fourier series is a general way to take any kind of cyclical func cyclical function and represent it with an infinite series that you can truncate so the epicycles here are giving you this periodic functioning so not only is this accurate but whatever the structure of the solar system as long as the planets are on orbits which are simple functions you can always describe it with the geocentric model exactly you can get arbitrary precision by adding more and more little circles on circles now that way lies madness no doubt and we'll return to that next week but this thing works really well it's a fascinating thing so let me let me make my analogy now that I started this linear regression is the geocentric model of statistics it's an approximation that can be constructed to an arbitrary degree of precision but it only describes what is going on you never actually explained and any kind of satisfying way and that makes it incredibly useful as long as you're cautious about what you do with it and that's the way I want to teach later later regression there's nothing to be ashamed of using it it's quite good but it doesn't get at nature's nuts and bolts it doesn't see the machinery it's a way of constructing general approximations or associations among variables that's what it's good for and it's really good at that but it isn't you can't take it too seriously right okay so with linear regression I want to start with gauss pictured here on the old german tin mark note it's a great thing about european money is they put intellectual cows ooze rather the greatest mathematician who ever lived mathematicians think and write on there you have the Gaussian distribution function so this used to be I was a school kid in Germany and people used to cheat right because if you had a 10 marking the linear regression is a family of simple statistical machines or golems that model the mean and variance of some measure using additive combinations of other things you measure well they'll have found in particular examples as we go and it assumes that across all values of these other things you've measured the variance is constant you'll see that when we when we learn to write the model in particular way now I want to say that Gauss is responsible for this because he had this in this particular manuscript in innate came out in 1809 he had a Bayesian argument for the normal as Gaussian what we now call Gaussian he didn't call it that right normal error and least squares estimate at least where's estimation to solve an astronomical problem he was trying to forecast when a comet was going to come back around so they got famous in his twenties for this developed linear regression couldn't solve his problem for common use a smart guy and but it's a fully Bayesian or it really is and then you know this was 1809 and you know Fisher is the early 1900s so this is just to caution you there are lots of different ways justify the same statistical procedure and the original justification of Lee squares estimation was Bayesian and that's how we're gonna think about it but that that is not the way you probably first learned it right well you probably forget to do this or you fail right but we're gonna try to do better than that so let me give you some motivation before we get into code it'll be some software carpentry today of course but let me give you some motivation about why the normal distribution is so useful and so common and this will also help you understand later in the course why there are often really good reasons not to use it as a foundation for your modeling so this is the old e Gaussian distribution it's extremely common in statistics I think there are three major justifications people use and different people like different ones the first is that it just really can mean it's easy to do math with normal distribution it is the second is it's fairly common in nature we just have to say that a Gaussian distribution ever exactly exists in nature but nature produces collections of measurements which aggregate towards approximately Gaussian all the time and quite rapidly and I want to give you something to ition about why that's true and the next series of slides and then third a little bit more cryptically but we'll unpack this over multiple weeks is that it's the most logical assumption given a certain state of information that you serve which is to say if all you're willing to say about a collection of measurements is their mean and their variance than an ideological to describe those measurements to anything except the Gaussian distribution unpack that as we go along now of course it so for example if the measurements are skewed then you want to you need to have the parameter to describe the skew right so if you're not willing to actually measure this queue then use a Gaussian distribution it will unpack this we get to chapter six in a bunch of time on that okay so think about a soccer field and we can go out to the soccer field here on campus I have a bunch of you line up on in the middle of the field line in the middle with field whatever that's also what you like soccer I grew up in Germany but you know it's that's all people play there is sucker now I'm resisting invading Poland jokes but all right now imagine each of you has got a coin and on the count of three each person is going to toss their coin personally and if it comes up tails they're gonna take a step to the left and if it comes up right heads are going to take a step to the right grab it so we can do that simulation say everybody jitters a little bit and we do this for multiple rounds next toss some people move further out some people loop back towards the center line yet again some further distribution some back to the center line all these little binary movements now at the end we can do this a 100 times with a bunch of people on the midfield line and then we collect the distances from the line in the middle both positive and negative how far to the left you are not for you right you are and we can think about that distribution of distances let me show you a simulation of this as we go along the step number that it's a number of coin flips that have been done and the number of accumulated steps that have happened initially everybody's at the same point position 0 they're shown on this graph and after 4 coin flips we've got a cloud shown here by the all the little great trails each trail is a person it's wandering around and I'm simulating for I don't know like a thousand here and the the solid one is just to help you trace a particular person as you say you're the you're the protagonist in this story and everybody else is got the wrong path and you're going through it but there's a scatter and you notice that that envelope is increasing we can take all the values there at that vertical slice before and plot them as a distribution it's noisy look like a normal distribution quite yeah the tails aren't thick enough but it is it is symmetrical roughly we keep the experiment going now we're gonna get out to eight now they see that it's still increasing now it's looking more has and by the time we get out to sixteen at the end of this particular experiment on this slide it's statistically indistinguishable how does this happen get the Gaussian distribution from natural mechanisms like this all the time this is how it works if you add up a bunch of things in this case the steps of each individual the collective of some aggregates for the Gaussian distribution then that information may take a long time depending upon the distribution of things you're adding in this case it's just little steps left and right the distribution of that could be really weird and skewed you'll still end up with a Gaussian distribution eventually and the reason the casual reason this is hard to understand but the casual reason is because these little steps showing fluctuations when you add fluctuations together they damp and so imagine you get a bunch of steps to the right eventually you'll get enough coin flips to go to the left to cancel all those steps to the right so that after enough steps that you have together the most likely thing is that you're back on the center line it's really a perverse and weird thing about the universe and I also think benign because a whole lot of science would be impossible without the central limit theorem which is what we're talking about here so when you add things together the fluctuations stamp on one another and so the aggregation of those sums tend to approach the symmetrical curve it's a physical generative phenomenon makes a lot of stuff possible in the world at the same time consequence of this is that the underlying distribution is erased so many things end up Gaussian that you can't look at a Gaussian distribution that see what generated it unless you have a lot of other kind of data right so I use an example in the book of talking about height human height is approximately normally distributed only approximately there's an excess of really short fairly tall people and human populations because of epistasis about this and nevertheless it's it's pretty much approximately Gaussian that doesn't tell you anything though about the architecture of human development right the fact that height is approximately Gaussian you can imagine a really an effectively infinite number of ways to generate a person from that fact so it doesn't it doesn't work backwards right lots of processes gonna read gaussian but given a gaussian you can't infer what generated well you know it's not got added together the notes have some simulations for you to explore to prove this to yourself hope you will enjoy with a glass of wine or something you make it more entertaining here's a great example Francis Galton an 1894 built of mechanical it was called a bean machine because beans are falling down from the top here and they're bouncing off these little obstacles in the way this is like on The Price is Right there was a particular game anybody remembers prices right Bob Barker Chico machine or something like that and that was a Gaussian distribution generator as well all these little binary moves are like the steps on the soccer field and you get this this approximately Gaussian distribution of beans in the bins bottom as well so Goldman was interested in using to explore the normal distribution and gaulden did a lot to establishing your regression as a workhorse in in demography and other fields so think about processes that produce normal distributions or things that add things together natural processes add things together quite a lot actually so this is like genetics does this you have approximately an independent additive effects of a bunch of website that's summation aggregation on a larger scale turns out that products of small deviations are also approximately addition so that will give you your distributions as well and logarithms of products when you take a logarithm of a product into some for mathematical reasons that some of you remember from grade school right so lots this is why normal distributions are unreasonably common and often a reasonably good to use we're not going to work much with the mathematical form of these density functions in this class you could always look them up if you need them right there's this thing called the internet distribution function you'll get this right away you don't need to memorize it although you will effectively if used a few times all I want to say about it is like all probability density functions it has a structure that is meaningful that you want to learn and it will help you memorize it as well so in this case I translated this into vaguely English form although the grammar here is questionable right so we're gonna use this mainly as a likelihood function to the probability of some data X conditional on parameters the first part of this with the PI in it is the standardized err that's just the thing that makes the area under the curve equal one you solve for it but it doesn't determine the shape just term it's the height of the thing it's a multiplier determines the height of the curve all the actions inside the exponent here and the Mew minus X part is where it is Musa location parameter it's to me the exponent is a shape which is a two is a constant but you can make a three in a different shape but bell curve comes from squaring the distance from the meat right to the deviation from the mean and that's what creates the bell curve if you exponentiate so you may recognize this as a parabola right you've got that difference squared that's a parabolic function or polynomial if you don't remember that that's cool you're don't worry about it you have better things in your brain but if you exponentiate a parabola you get a bell curve and that's a mere bell curve come from there exponentiated parabolas so one way you can think about this as a log Gaussian distribution as a parabola Y log because log undoes the X initiation and that's all so I why do I tell you this I tell you this to demystify this thing known unless it arises from first principles if you do that fluctuation exercise and you do the math stats you can derive this and there are lots of proofs of the central limit theorem for many different origin points okay the main thing is to think you can standardize this in terms of the Sigma the standard deviation which is how wide the distribution is and about 95% of the probability mass and a normal distribution is between two standard deviations below and above for me so this is by no accident approximately saying that say leaving 5% out in the tails 2.5% on each side one origin story of the 5% convention but there's nothing special about it but this is a way to calibrate right about two-thirds of the probability is within one standard deviation up and down and 95% of it within two it's just the way to help you think about the distribution so let me reiterate these two more confusing justifications of the Gaussian distribution or the first one was it's easy to do math with it that's not a president say well these you map that like mr. president then you're you know you're in a black ops site pretty fast great so there are two other better justifications versus the ontological one under many situations there are lots of generative processes in nature which produced approximately Gaussian distributions because they add lots of little influences together those little influences cancel one another and so the aggregation of those sums ends up being approximately bell curves so even if you don't know the generative process this isn't a bad bet starve it the other that's autological because it's how things come into being remember that's on ecology the other justification is epistemology the epistemological justification is okay all I'm willing to say about this collection of measurements is they're mean and variance you know the distribution where all you say about is that's mean and variance is the Gaussian uniquely the best on a criterion that we'll talk about a lot in Chapter six that criterion is called maximum entropy the Gaussian distribution is a distribution for any given mean and variance which has the largest information entropy one way to think about that is this distribution that we realized the greatest number of ways what ways the ways through this are just working data and well I'll be very rigorous about that well largely rigorous about that in chapter 6 when we get there when we talk about maximum entropy again but just to foreground the maximum entropy is just the thing you've already done with the marbles it really is but I'm gonna cast it a different way when we get there these two sorts of justifications can live well together as well you don't have to choose one okay the fact is regardless how you justify people use models like this a lot so we need to understand them and they are useful they're geocentric believe it's mechanistic statements so there are lots of examples the general linear model and statistics they're all in a sense just Gaussian functions inside of them which adjusts the mean and variance as a as an effective predictors so T tests single regression multiple regression and overall de ovo's right now Nova and Cova manova men Cova bioscan people are course on this campus and all the oboes and people came out of it with prostatic stress syndrome the endless tables of sums we're gonna do any of that because it's useless but we're gonna learn it in a different way so you can write the model down so you can see the relationships among them and and interpret them and generate predictions from them as well I should say useless it's just like the least useful way to process the model but it's the way it was traditionally done because of this book called biometry which scarred generations of biologists poke anyway you don't need to copy that book okay so we want a language for modeling there are lots of alternative ways to construct this but I want to give you what I think is a useful robust way to approach general we have some questions to answer in data analysis so what are the outcomes that I'm interested in modeling as a function of other things that's often what is where most scientists are in causal statements meaning that there's something that causes something else and these questions embody those things but it could also just be descriptive like in the in the geocentric model we've got some measurements we want to use that to predict other things so there are some measurements that we call outcomes those are the things that the model will have on the left hand side things that it will predict make predictions for it we make some assumptions about how these outcomes are generated this is your data story this gives us a likelihood function then we make decision about which variables if any are the predictor variables and these variables we will stick into the likelihood function through clever devices and then we make choices inside there about how to relate them and then for each parameter that you'll see how the parameters enter into these general models for each parameter we have to choose a priori which is the initial information state of the machine before it's seen the data that's all it is it's not your information state the machines information state right you don't have a prior distribution so we'll get let's let's bring this down to some precise example then by revisiting the globe cost model from last week you've seen this kind of model-based notation before we're going to use this throughout the course because if I catch you this modeling language you can read a whole bunch of things this is the convention and the field of statistics and it can be used to notate a very large number of models everything they're computational details that are sublimated out but that's what makes this notation useful it's like a map to the model structure in its assumptions so that's why I will read it so let me give you a little bit of a crib sheet to it the outcome in this model was in W which is the observed numbers of waters so it's the value 6 and the tilde mean you want to read that as is distributed then binomials the name of the likelihood function we used in this model and it's a function of two values which are often called parameters N and P n was also data in that case we have any inference problem would have been hard and P was unknown so we want to estimate P we're asking a question about it so we assigned the Machine some initial state prior in this case we made it uniform so P is distributed uniformly in this case and uniform is the prior distribution so if you want to read this in plain English you could read this as the count in W is distributed by novalee with sample size in and probability P the prior for P is assumed to be uniform between 0 and 1 this is this programs your machine just make some sense so this notational convention you certainly seen models like this before it has a lot of advantages but we're going to do with linear regression so to get to the linear regression example first let's get some data to work with so you can think about it in the context of the example I will get more abstract as we draw the lens out later probably on Thursday so these data are in the retaining package Howell 1 these are data that come from this book life histories of the Dobek owned by nancy howell and there's a lot of reproductive what history interviews that we're done with women so all their kids and their kids weights and all this stuff with lots of biometric data as well it's about growth and nutrition and and human life history theory so we're gonna be looking at just a slice of this data the anonymized Heights weights will use age as well in some of these analyses I use this is not the most exciting data in the world the question to ask here although you'll start to see some questions about you know transitions in growth rate in the data as we go through but it's the simple sort of thing where we can look at it and height is approximately normal but it'll also show you one thing which is obviously we're getting close to a height of 0 it's not normally this movie didn't before right so nothing is actually normal distributed in a mathematical sense because normal distributions are legitimate between negative infinity and positive infinity you've never mentioned anything with a ruler that big right so you have to wave your boundaries at some point this will this will emerge naturally as you go through so on the on this slide on the right I've just plotted out the distribution empirically of adult Heights in the sample so I'm taking kids notes I show you how to do that and then the first thing we do is we define the likelihood we're going to model the height of each individual eye and so the little eye is under the age here now for soon individuals an individual observation as normal with some mean mu and some standard deviation Sigma yes yes the question was I refer to notes and is that so notice the book yes there's anything sorry whatever yes sorry about that I've been teaching this class for some of the year that they started off with these really Umbreon ik and terrible notes right through the peer pressure of people like you in the class they have gotten better than so it's all thanks to students right just telling me like do make some sense Richard and over the years I had to make some sense and so they they're still notes to me but they're a book to you they'll always be no it's like my son will always be my son anyway so again to help you in your practice of reading these things we can read this as the height H sub I of an individual is distributed normally with mean mu and standard deviation Sigma supply is a distributional assumption remember this is d eccentric we're not saying anything about how the individual differences in height arrives we're assigning a common distribution to the ball all right we're just going to start with that so we're going to be estimating the mean and the standard deviation of adult height in this is effectively what we'll get so H sub I is the outcome again tilde means is distributed the normal distribution is the likelihood mu is the mean of the normal distribution Sigma is the state deviation you can use whatever labels you want there and I have to be the little Greek letters mean at Sigma but that's just conventional and I need to teach you guys convention question okay sorry it's a teacher tic like you mean when you auto groom I'm gonna thank you're asking the question so now we need priors so the machine can get going all Bayesian statistical models need some initial information state this is what we call the prior so in this case we're gonna we're gonna stick with our vague priors but I want to show you how you can visualize the prior to this and when you're when you're starting out you're trying to understand priors remember there's distribution so you can plot them just like anything else distributions in fact you can sample from them you like sampling right and then you can answer questions about it so in this case I'm going to assign the mean is to be centered on what I know is the population mean actually what some big big standard deviation actually remember this is for the mean it's not for the population this is the prior for the location of the mean so standard deviation ten means I don't know it's somewhere around typical adult height and then a uniform from standard eh between zero and fifty we visualize these two they look like this so you think about calibrating it the mean could be anywhere between one hundred and forty centimeters and and 170 which is a big range that's a that's like worldwide height variation right and then this puts no probability above fifty if that causes a malfunction you know how to detect that but it assigns equal weight to every value fifties plenty it's not gonna be that big we can now remember these these you have a prior on two parameters now so this should be a little bit confusing if you're paying attention see some confused brows and I thank you for your attention should be a little confusing because they both affect the likelihood they both affect predictions but we've independently assigned them additional information states so how do we see what they implied prior to seeing any data what does this little machine think about the distribution of adult Heights well you can sample and see so let me show you that real quick we can take samples from the prior distribution for the mean mu that's what's happens on the first line of code here we can use our norm which is random normal numbers we get 10,000 of them that's a 1 e 4 is with mean 156 and standard deviation 10 because that was the prior because you could use other priors and I encourage you to play around with this and see what you get we can take samples from Sigma using run if which is random uniform 10,000 of them between 0 and 50 then we can generate random heights from the prior so remember this is what the Machine thinks before you've seen any data and it's really what it thinks is really dumb though you want to see what it thinks and what it thinks is what it expects about the distribution 10,000 simulated human heights we get by just plugging the samples into our norm again but now we're simulating Heights it's the top level of the model it's like we've crawled up from the bottom it's simulating data out of it and then I just plot the density of the simulations and you can see it's this odd-looking distribution it's approximately T distributed those are you know something about sampling theory key distributions are our normal distributions where you're uncertain about the standard deviation so you get these tails this isn't exactly a team because there's there's no certainty about both the mean and the standard deviation but this has thicker tails the normal distribution because the Machine doesn't know and so it represents its uncertainty by saying you know the tails could be pretty thick I wouldn't be it's not impossible that you have a really really short person or really father's right it's not an empirical prediction is an epistemological thing it's what the machines are expects calibrated for it's uncertainty let's make a little bit of sense I can tell from the front of brows you're paying attention and again I thank you for that you have to be patient with yourself with this stuff this is what sort of what the Machine sees and by doing little simulations like this you can decide whether the prior makes any sense given the scientific context if you can't in this class I will teach you the horoscope priors which are the generally super vague mainly not going to make you play in traffic priors help you do regression modeling but you can nearly always do better when you know something about the system you work with so now we want to conditioned on data because we have a lot of data nancy Howell did a lot of work out there in the Kalahari did a lot of interviews and uploaded your goal in the internet so we're gonna use her data and do some updating again the the aim is get the posterior distribution now it has two dimensions because there's two parameters so it's a joint distribution in both directions what does this mean conceptually what this means is so last week the posterior distribution for the globe tossing data was for every possible value of P the proportion of water on the globe we needed to assign a relative plausibility conditional in the model and data yeah remember that now we've got two dimensions so now for every combination of mu and Sigma we must assign a relative possibility and then a lot of combinations so you've got an infinite number of news and a different number of Sigma's then you've got an infinity squared number of combinations right there's no problem in that we can do that wait we've got continuous dimensions and we're gonna do grids across those to get this motivated this will be the last grid approximation example just to show you there's no hocus-pocus and then we'll move to approximations particular map quadratic approximation using map estimation but we're gonna do the grid approximation so there's no sorcery about this no superstition about what's going on you can always fall back on current approximation if you've got time to wait as you'll see so in the book I give you the route approximation code I'm not going to step through it in class because it's really just not hot but it's in the book and I heard you playing with it run it even if you don't understand it if you want to understand it please harass me it won't be harassment I'll be happy to explain it I geek out on things like this it's fun but there's just things about computing there are give you know conceptual insights but but if you're curious it's it's all there and I do a lot of explanation in the notes book about it so what we see is we get these samples so I do the grid approximation that I've drawn samples from it to help you visualize it and it's a cloud now looking top-down so it's like a hill and one dimension on the horizontal here is the mean and then Sigma you notice that it's pretty tight right this isn't a big range it's basically between 154 and 156 combination yeah so the question was that's right the question was so each little cell in this grid is some combination of mu and Sigma huh yes and then on this graph where there is lots of blue that means the posterior probability is high and where it's white no samples were drawn in the 10,000 samples that I got so it has a very so the peak of this mountains sort of in the middle there and this thing is Gaussian in both directions so it's a nice gentle Hill that you could climb without special shoes and viewers right not okapi time it's a nice if we look at this mountain from either side and see its profile you get what are called marginal distributions for each parameter and that's what I'm showing on the right hand side of the slide they're gonna look at mainly a marginal distributions when you do Bayesian statistics marginal means and average is over the uncertainty all the other parameters and it really is just like standing from you it'll be like standing down here where the word mu is on the left-hand part of this slide and looking at the hill this way and then you'd see that shape on the top because you can't see Sigma so you just see the outline of the hill from the new directions and then if you walk around to the other side and look at it this way you end up marginalizing over mu you can't see you because it's mention is blocked out and now you see the profile of uncertainty for Sigma that makes some sense and through exercises when this really starts to make sense you'll get it's like motor memory right I always make this joke in this class so I'll do it again I watched I've watched a lot of Jackie Chan movies I think I've seen them all it's hard to be sure where and yes I cannot do kung fu' right you know all day long and get no better at cut food in fact and stats is a lot like that in the sense that you can watch it all day long and get no better and I go in there and get your motor memory going and it's important memory but there's something about embodying the knowledge and getting comfortable with it as you go you have to actually do it lots of intellectual tasks I think are like that there's an athleticism metaphor which is which is quite accurate okay so we're gonna appeal to quadratic approximation instead of doing grid approximation grant approximation here works great nothing wrong with it give you an arbitrarily good approximation of the posterior distribution but as you'll see if you look at the code in the book there are a lot of combinations of mu and Sigma and the more finer you make the grid the more and more combinations you have to look at now imagine adding a third parameter so now so you have two parameters and you want to look at ten values of each then it's ten squares if you had a third parameter ten values beach is 10 cubed pretty soon the number of combinations of parameter values you have to make a calculation for is really big and you need to publish your dissertation so we have to do something else and we will in the class use models that have thousands of parameters because that's no problem or for Markov chain Monte Carlo and other things that we're going to use so we need something other than brute force grid approximation even though at its root that's the only honest way to do things right so first half of the course as I said we're going to use the quadratic approximation which is say we're going to describe the posterior distribution as a combination of peaks of each marginal distribution called the use of map the maximum a-posteriori where's the peak of this multi-dimensional hill right now it's only had two divisions so it actually has a peak in three dimensions it's like a hyper peak but it's out there and then in two thousand dimensions don't ask what it is but it's there right out there in hilbert space is what we call it and and the standard deviation which gives us the widths of each and since the whole thing it's assumed to be Gaussian in every dimension you can describe the multivariate Gaussian probably distribution with just a vector means and a vector standard deviations and covariances which we'll also need to get now we'll get to those as as we go through the lecture so mechanistically this is just hill climbing and you could just write it that way you could write a little robot if you were fancy scripters and I know some of you are you could write a little robot in your pewter that just starts at some combination of mu and Sigma it computes the posterior at that point and then it computes the posterior both of the little points next to it and then it climbs uphill right that's trying to find the top and it just does that over and over again it's the nearsighted Mountaineers like evolution right this climbs uphill there's no where it's going it's going to extinction but it's a fitter the whole times all the way up to the top and then it gets to the top and it's like okay it's flat here I can't improve the posterior problems by going in any direction so I'm at the top let me measure the curvature under my feet and that gives us the standard deviation and then it's done and it's also got a calculate covariance between the two which is something we'll get to in a moment but then you can describe the whole thing that way so your R is really good at this it has an engine which has a bunch of different algorithms for doing hill climbing doing optimization and all the rethinking package does is appeal to optima this but if packages is up to make a little easier on you so what you do to use this function map which is in the rethinking package is you make a list which is your model statements I show you an example here I call it flip for a formula list and this is a kind of variable and are called a list a list is not processed so you can put all kinds of nonsense inside of it nor will never detect it that's what lets this work so you do have to police yourself although map will tell you when you screw up so we're just restating the model and I'll show you the correspondents on the next slide and then you pass this formula list to the function Mack and Matt finds Max and returns the quadratic approximate posterior distribution so I'm going to show you how to work with this and we're going to use map for the first half of the course before we switch the MCMC and even when we switch the MCMC we're going to use the same kind of input form so you'll get used to this and then you won't have to learn a new kind of input language as we go when you also have to tell what data use right see that our data equals v2 so let me show you the correspondence in our code height is a variable in the data table in how one it's just a list of heights and D norm is the density function for a normal distribution in our the tilde means tilde right means distributed as and then you make these labels mu and Sigma you can put anything there you want okay I think I using the book or in some former versions book is pickle in Tartus or whatever you like on your popular culture references you want to make and it doesn't are doesn't care but you should care because you have to read this a and mu and Sigma are perfectly would perfectly good because they're cues that you're using you're doing a linear regression then you define your priors the same way priors look like likelihoods in this statement because they're just assumptions about probability distributions they map parameters on to distributions or other parameters and same thing in there so you can see the correspondence after you've run it I should go back a couple slides you'll see the output for map is stored in some symbol here in 4.1 this is the convention I'll using the Booker in Chapter four this is the first model right M means model that's the convention I'm going to be using as we go through the book in a previous version of the note they were all called little iam I was the only person who people aggressed against me and I'm getting better than trying so there's this summary function in the rethinking package called Crecy which is French for abstract right sort of like that yeah summary basically it means precise it's a precise description of what's going on the precis and it was a it was a word that was not already used by any other package so I've used it in besides Laplace was French and he was sort of the father of Bayesian inference so this is homage to Laplace and you just give it your fit model and it gives you the summary of the quadratic approximation typical what I want to convince you of in this course however is that these summary tables are terrible terrible terrible this model the model is so I mean not mine in particular my might be especially bad but I think it's really hard to understand models from tables of some reason really hard remodel like this you can get away too because a month this model is incredibly simple just about the simplest serious difficulty to do and of course next week summary tables will be nearly useless I see this in print all the time papers where all you've got it's a table of coefficients and that is insufficient to reconstruct predictions from the model that's what I'm going to try to convince you of it it's hard to understand the model from very hard hard to understand interaction effects lots of other important things that go on so I'm gonna try to persuade you you can look at the precis stuff there's no harm in doing it but that's never sufficient and I'm going to teach you to push predictions out of the model to understand what the implications are okay so in this case we get a posterior do so the Mew line the mean stay the map the peak of the marginal posterior distribution from you which is shown on the bottom left on this slide is at one hundred fifty four point six you know don't don't fetishize precision right it's somewhere around there and with the standard deviation two point four one and I show you that distribution on the bottom the blue is the grid approximate the samples from the grid approximation and the - part is the quadratic approximation just constructed by plotting a normal distribution with mean 150 four point six and standard deviation point four right you see it's been pretty good job right the quadratic approximation works really well in this model i and then for Sigma the same thing as a mean at seven point seven and a standard deviation of around point three in this case you can see there's some mismatch between the grid approximation calculation we did better because it didn't make assumptions about the normality of the posterior distribution and the quadratic approximation doesn't quite hit it the posterior distribution for Sigma is skewed it has a longer tail to the right this will nearly always be true so later on the course that'll be fine so to show you with a lot of data the skew will be very small to emphasize this to you here's an example where I just take 20 Heights only 20 Heights and I just update the priors using only those 20 so now there's way less certainty now there's a lot more you and Sigma as you can see there on the right I'm showing you the whole posterior on the top you can see it's like a snowball that was thrown from down here and it's kind of exploded up there's more uncertainty for its large values and that's because well in a casual way Sigma can't be less than zero right standard deviations must be positive so there's nearly always more uncertainty about how big the standard deviation is and how small it is and that's how that you get this skewing this when we get to market a Monte Carlo we won't have to use this compromise and there's a little box in Chapter four where I show you how to patch this up with something called a log link if you're curious the trouble but for the examples we use in this course we will pay scant attention to Sigma as most people do and so you won't feel any violence being done but you should just keep in mind this is an approximation and if you have trouble with that let me know and I hope you fix it up so let me say map is a is a scaffold it's just about the least convenient way to fit a linear regression that I could think of actually no I could think of but it's not really convenient but the reason I use it in this course is not because I mean but rather because when you're learning this stuff you want to do it in a way that forces you to state every assumption of the model as you go through then there is a little tool in in are called LM for linear model regressions with one line with way less input than this and give you almost exactly the same quadratic approximation for the posterior and it's fine to use LM in fact at the end of chapter 4 actually I think it's the end of chapter 5 actually I I really know how to fit linear regressions and are using LM and explain the correspondence between the two and that's fine but if you all you do is start with LM you probably never really learned what's going on so that's why I do it this way the other reason to focus on a tool like map is later on especially we get to chapter 6 but you'll start to see this next week which after five all right keep saying flat priors or never invest priors and there's a very important reason for that it's because they get flat priors get too excited so if your machine starts with I have no clue it could be any parameter you then it'll believe any parameter value including really really silly ones and so I'm going to show you in Chapter six that you nearly always do better by having conservative priors called regularizing priors and this is not a uniquely vanishing perspective it's also the dominant tradition in non-bayesian statistics it's called regularization and it's dominant because you make better predictions when you regular rocks I'm spelling on what that means both L M you cannot regular eyes it has no way to conditionally regular eyes witness you can so the question was are the situations in which using a prior vs. not makes it really big difference oh yes lots I mean priors could be anything so you could you could choose a really goofy prior and get a really weird answer and that would obviously make a difference with the Bayesian model you have to use a prior your choices are just is it flat or not and absolutely you can make a difference and so as we go through examples I hope to convince you that flat priors aren't the best because you always know something about what's going on about reasonable values of the parameter before you get in especially with Markov chain Monte Carlo just to get the thing to run you've got to use that information a little bit you got to tell it that two million is not a plausible value or it will take samples out at 2 million occasionally and caused you grief so you need to do things like that I know I'm not directly answer your question because again it's like the horse no problem I'm in the vague general case I've just got to tell you that like you know your moon is and Mercury or I don't know that makes no sense in astrology sorry your house is in something I don't know Mars is in your house smells like a rap album anyway you know but IV so I beg your indulgence we'll have examples of priors and some of the differences and I'll even have examples there's no reason for you to use only one prior this if you're not sure what prior to use do sensitivity analysis it's an assumption just like the likelihood just like the linear models we're gonna get to just before I let you go and those are all just assumptions so if you don't feel strongly you can justify any particular assumption you should bury it and see if it makes a big difference in the conclusions and that you do that with priors you do that would likely you have linear models do with every part of the everything but the data don't bury the data and see if the mix of difference well actually that's not oh that could be a good idea to get the same answer regardless of the data that's pretty strong arguments then probably the data is anyway so I just want the same map is a tool and you'll graduate away from it almost certainly at some point but I I've made it as a teaching tool it was coded up entirely in the context of this course and for students and I think you know past years other students develop Stockholm Syndrome during this course or they find so how do we get a predictor in here regression usually implies that there's something associated with something else and we don't have that yet we just have a Gaussian model of the distribution of adult Heights and the kalahari song from all we have so what about the relationship between weight and height not a thrilling scientific question but it'll help you see how to get a simple model that that looks at measures the association between these two variables and gives you plausibility for that association gives you a distribution of relevant possibilities for all the strengths of association that you allow so we'll construct that so here's just the bivariate scatterplot for weight and height we're gonna make a model of these two things so they're gonna be some new stuff here so bear with me and I'll go through it step by step this is the classic linear model at the top level we still just have a Gaussian likelihood the only thing that's different now is I've taken that little subscript I and I've put it on mute you'll see that that means the the mean depends upon the individual it's gonna be a function of some feature in the individual whereas before every individual innocence had the same mean that is every individual was treated from a pistol illogical perspective the same way there was no individual features of them that we could use to improve prediction now we're going to do that and so that we put the little eye on mute so we can make new a function of something about the individual I you with me that makes sense the next line defines that assumption we we make Moussa by a deterministic function of another variable that we have we create two more parameters alpha and beta and the data in this case is X survived which will be the weight of individual life what are alpha beta well they're things that describe the shape of dysfunction and that's all they are their inventions that you put into the machine to ask questions and the questions they particularly ask our alpha answers the question when weight is zero what should I guess about how you can see how the function implies that if you set X to zero then you sub I equals output and so alpha answers the question when weight is zero what is hype no that's a bit weird because weight is never zero and way to zero you're not a cell you're like a fertilizer you're a zygote right so the linear and that's an important thing to say about this model is linear models are always goofy if you push the part up worried about it but in principle it could and B is the rate of change for every unit change in weight in X it's the change in mu right it's the change in the mean for every unit change in X and those two questions we've defined a line that relates X to the mean of height not to individualize the individual pipes are still have this uncertainty distribution it's a function of both the mean and the standard deviation but our deterministic mean here we have a model of the mean and linear regressions are models of the meet they don't model the standard deviation they just estimated whatever is left over by something called error not a term I like right cuz each of you is a precious snowflake and your height is different from others but it doesn't make it an error but I've been anthropologist right there are no errors so then we define priors now we have three parameters we define a prior for each there's a really effectively flat prior on alpha a standard deviation of a hundred is effectively flush that's a super wide Gaussian distribution right credibly wide a practically uninformative prior on beta centered on zero zero would mean there's no relationship between weight height the variable X and the same gives you 10 makes it pretty why'd they give is it a very nice behind still pretty wide and then and then the uniform distribution we use before and I encourage you to to explore these priors you want to alter them and reader in the model and see what impact they have in this case there's so much data as you'll see that you can use really type priors and I get overwhelmed there's so much data here but you have to experiment with that yourself to understand it so let's think about what's going on and go through the anatomy of the linear model again which is the where the action is mu sub I is the mean on row I and it's defined by this function down at the bottom alpha plus beta X I and alpha beta are distributions over their parameters they don't have some true value you know these are devices alpha beta so they don't exist independently the world how can they have true values they're the truth conditional and using this model to measure height right there are particular values of alpha beta which would give you the best predictions right subscribe to the sample is the best way can you find your purpose that's what house now they're defined as being true or not but they they don't exist objectively in the world they're parameters right even a parameter like speed of light it doesn't they actually exist in the world bright light has speed but that doesn't mean speed as a property of the world now you're like dude yes dude Natural History so exercise the weight on Rho I you understand how that works alpha answers the question what is the mean when x equals zero we often call this the intercept because in equation for a lie and that's how you learned this that what the intercept meant when the act when X is zero it's the value of y and beta is the change in the mean per unit change next we usually call this a slope so chances are this is like deja vu for guys you've learned linear models before and this is some weird way of looking at the same stuff that was easy and now it seems hard and if that's the case then you're welcome objective in this cuz I think actually these models can be pretty hard they're simple Cisco models but even the simplest physical models can be very confusing that's a message I want to get across as we go all right well you got a couple of minutes so let me try to get through this show you how to fit this model and using map and then when you come back on Thursday we'll plot predictions from so you can really understand the model and learn how to dissect them so here's a restatement of the model and by each of the math stats definitions of an assumption in the model I put the corresponding code that you put in a formula list inside the R code I think the correspondence is fairly simple the only thing to really note is that the equal sign the de fonts linear model and the math on the left you don't use an equal sign in R because equals is this very special staying in computer code that actually assigns things to memory away from that so instead we use the r convention of the assignment operator the arrow left arrow and that will work great what's great about this too is that's a convention in lots of software packages so Bayesian model fitting software like bugs and sand uses exactly the same convention from our that's where they got it so you you learn this convention of using the silly little left pointing arrow and it'll it'll last you your whole life maybe and then to find the priors same way you put this into the R code for map the same way I just want to show you here you can you don't have to make the formula list its own little thing you can just embed it and you're called a map like just and in fact most of the time you probably will because if you're like me you're lazy and this is how you do it but if you made it a separate thing you can reuse it if it's a different data but it works the same way notice that their commas at the end of each line because it's a list and lists in are have commas to separate the entries pass it to data you're ready to go something to say at this point that I meant to say and this will this will be my last 30 seconds of today's lecture map is a hill climber it optimizes it has this multi-dimensional typography that it's got a climb which is the posterior distribution that's got to find the peak and then measure the curvature at the peak so the question is where does it start climbing it starts climbing at random locations it picks from the priors there's the way it's set up so you can find prior for a parameter it just samples some random value from each of priors and that's where the Mountaineer the nearsighted Mountaineer starts climbing often you can do better than that so if you're having trouble getting it to climb well you can pass an optional list of starting values and there's an example in the book about how to do that sometimes that's true if you have a really really flat fryer the random value you pull could be way out in no-man's land where there's basically no incline and then it can't climb up because it looks flat in both directions and it just panics as an R gives you some ugly warning message that you can't interpret me send me an email about the MN finite difference error or something like that and I'll be like ah yes I'm familiar with this cozy clothes cozy air I advise a surf value or a tighter friar and then it'll work great so when that inevitably happens to you let me know and we'll fix it up and this is just part of doing computational statistics is that how you fit the model in the part of the model I'll be kind of fitting the model in different ways and tails different kinds of mistakes and different approximations and this isn't the way we think about it we think about the model as being this thing that lives in the in the Platonic world the perfection of mathematical perfection it's like the definition at the top of this slide but we use it to do stuff you had to fit it some way and the way you've been it entails different compromises and different kinds of hazards and so how do you fit the model can't have an effect and we work hard to remove any of those kinds of errors from it but you need to keep it in mind all right with that hopefully uplifting message unless you guys go and I'll see you on Thursday thank you | Richard McElreath | UCNJK6_DZvcMqNSzQdEkzvzA | 2015-01-14 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 14,928 | 80,809 |
A9YHmbWtkY8 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A9YHmbWtkY8 | Red Sovine - A Quarter's Worth Of Heartaches [1952]. | [Music] if you're ready for my order early waitress take this quarter and drop it in the Jukebox if you please when the music starts to play in deep inside I will be saying foreign [Music] I know that you're in a hurry and my life is not your worry Please Don't Drown at me the way you do you can see the drink beside me but you can't see the pain inside me is a quarterth worth of heartaches too much to ask of you thank you [Music] thank you [Music] I know that you're in a hurry and my life is not your worry but please don't frown at me the way you do you can see the drink beside me but you can't see the pain inside me disappointed worth of heartaches too much to ask of you thank you | mrblindfreddy9999 | UCvaARHrkgAqAxZ4d6p9cncA | 2023-03-13 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 143 | 690 |
hBsY6-xAj1o | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hBsY6-xAj1o | A JOKE by Anton Chekhov - FULL AudioBook | a joke by Anton Chekhov translated by Marion fel read for librivox.org by Allen Davis Drake it was noon of a bright winter's day the air was crisp with Frost and Nadia who was walking beside me found her curls and the delicate down on her upper lip silvered with her own breath we stood at the summit of a high hill the ground fell away at our feet in a steep incline which reflected the sun's rays like a mirror near us lay a little sled brightly on upholstered with red let us coast down Nadia I beg just once I promise you nothing will happen but Nadia was timid the long slope from where her little over shoes were planted to the foot of the ice-clad hill looked to her like the wall of a terrible yawning chasm her heart stopped a beating and she held her breath as she gazed into the abyss while I urged her to take her seat on the sled what might not happen where she to risk a flight over that precipice she could die she would go mad come I implore you I urged her again don't be afraid it is cowardly to feared to be timid at last nadia consented to go but i could see from her face that she did so she thought at the peril of her life i seated her all pale and trembling in the little sled put my arms around her and together we plunged into the abyss the sled flew like a shot out of a gun the Riven wind lashed our faces it how old and whistled in our ears and plucked furiously at us trying to wrench our heads from our shoulders it's pressure stifled us we felt as if the devil himself had seized us in his talons and were snatching us with a shriek down into the infernal regions the objects on either hand melted into a long and madly flying streak another second it seemed we would be lost I love you Nadia I whispered now the sled began to slacken its pace the howling of the wind and the swish of the runners sounded less terrible we breathed again we found ourselves at the foot of the mountain at last Nadiya more dead than alive was breathless and pale I helped her to her feet not for anything in the world would I do that again she said gazing at me with wide terror stricken eyes not for anything on earth I nearly died in a few minutes however she was herself again and already her inquiring eyes were asking the question of mine had I really uh turd those four words or had only fancied she heard them in the tumult of the wind I stood beside her smoking a cigarette and looking attentively at my glove she took my arm and we strolled about for a long time at the foot of the hill it was obvious that the riddle gave her no peace had I spoken those words or not it was for her a question of pride of honor of happiness of life itself a very important question the most important one in the whole world Nadia looked at me now impatiently now sorrowfully now searchingly she answered my questions at random and waited for me to speak oh what a pretty play of expression flitted across her sweet face I saw that she was struggling with herself she longed to say something to ask some question but the words would not come she was terrified and embarrassed and happy let me tell you something she said without looking at me what I asked let us let us slide down the hill again we mounted the steps that led to the top of the hill once more I seated Nadia pale and trembling in the little sled once more we plunged into that terrible abyss once more the wind howled and the runners hissed and once more at the wildest and most tumultuous moment in our descent I whispered I love you Nadia when the sleigh had come to a standstill Nadia threw a backward look at the hill down which we had just sped and then gazed for a long time into my face listening to the calm even tones of my voice every inch of her even her muffin her hood every line of her little frame expressed the utmost uncertainty on her face was written the question what could it have been who spoke those words was it he or was it only my fancy uncertainty of it was troubling her and her patience was becoming exhausted the poor girl had stopped answering my questions she was pouting and ready to cry had we'd not better go home I asked I I loved coasting she answered with a blush shall we not slide down once more she loved coasting and yet as she took her seat on the sled she was as trembling and pale as before and scarcely could breathe for terror because the down for the third time and I saw her watching my face and following the movements of my lips with her eyes but I put my handkerchief to my mouth and coughed and when we were halfway down I managed to say I love you Nadia so the riddle remained unsolved nadia was left pensive and silent I escorted her home and as she walked she shortened her steps and tried to go slowly waiting for me to say those words I was aware of the struggle going on in her breasts and of how she was forcing herself not to exclaim the wind could not have said those words I don't want to think that it said them next day I receive the following note if you are going coasting today call from me n henceforth Nadia and I went coasting every day and each time that we sped down the hill on our little sled I whispered the words I love you Nadia Nadia soon grew to crave this phrase as some people crave morphine or wine she could no longer live without hearing it though to fly down the hill was as terrible to her as ever danger and fear lent a strange fascination to those words of love words which remain a riddle to torture her heart both the wind and I were suspected which of us too was confessing our love for her now seemed not to matter let the draught be but hers and she cared not for the Goblet that held it one day at noon I went to our Hill alone there I perceived Nadia she approached the hill seeking me with her eyes and at last I saw her timidly mounting the steps that led to the summit oh how fearful how terrifying she found it to make that journey alone her face was as white as the snow and she shook as if she were going to her doom but up she climbed firmly without one backward look clearly she was determined to discover once for all whether these wondrously sweet words would reach her ears if I were not there I saw her seat herself on the sled with a pale face and lips parted with horror saw her shut her eyes and push off bidding farewell forever to this world hissed the runners what did she hear I know not I only saw her rise tired and trembling from the sled and it was clear from her expression that she could not herself have said what she had heard on her downward rush terror had robbed her of the power of distinguishing the sounds that came to her ears and now with March came the spring the sun's rays grew warmer and brighter our snowy hillside grew darker and duller and the ice crust finally melted away our coasting came to an end no where could poor Nadia now hear the beautiful words or there was no one to say them the wind was silent and I was preparing to go to st. Petersburg for a long time perhaps forever one evening two days before my departure I sat in the Twilight in a little garden separated from the garden where nadia lived by a high fence surmounted by iron spikes it was cold and the snow was still on the ground the trees were lifeless but the scent of spring was in the air and the rooks were crowing noisily as they settled themselves for the night I approached the fence and for a long time peered through a in the boards I saw Nadia come out of the house and stand on the doorstep gazing with anguish and longing at the sky the spring wind was blowing directly into her pale sorrowful face it reminded her of the wind that had howled for us on the hillside when she had heard those four words and with that recollection her face grew very sad indeed and the tears rolled down her cheek the poor child held out her arms as if to implore the wind to bring those words to her ears once more and I waiting for a gust to carry them to her said softly I love you Nadia heavens but in effect my words had on Nadia she cried out and stretched forth her arms to the wind blissful radiant beautiful I went to pack up my things all this happened a long time ago Nadia married whether for love or not matters little her husband is an official of the nobility and she now has three children but she has not forgotten how we coasted together and how the wind whispered to her I love you Nadia that memory is for her the happiest the most touching the most beautiful one of her life but as for me now that I have grown older I can no longer understand why I said those words and why I jested with Nadia and of a joke read for librivox.org by Allen Davis Drake this recording is in the public domain you | Audiobook Heaven | UCkinrnNCTxnBgOHIkdkQHnQ | 2017-10-22 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,711 | 8,690 |
2I9uJ41QqtE | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2I9uJ41QqtE | Werewolves Within Werewolf 5 | beware someone here is likely to be you yes that's what impant biology honey saint there's a saint wait wait wait can you pray for the saint pray for the saint pray for the saint all right I'm out of my head I think about God thinks about me and that is all I look up the werewolf to be that that's offensive I'm just being sincere wouldn't study nutrition okay but it is in they we discussed it before and it's not in the C uh yeah so to be clear be clear that's fine that's fine whatever can you lean in two seconds find that mhm oh my God uh typical Premed requirements uh typical Premed paths include a nutrition component however there are very few rounds in nutrition or specific courses in in nutrition as medicine within the medical uh within the doctor's uh actual studying for being a doctor the PRX the that you get into it with that's where you get the nutrition stuff and honestly it's it's not like oh have you considered killing your people eat beans because they have diabetes uh do you know instead they oh you know what we're playing game no we're still doing the doctor talk awesome sorry where were they do review nutrients they do review like essential fatty acids and all that kind of [ __ ] they do review glycemic index which includes the types of foods that you would eat to help with blood sugars push however there are pill pushers well the the yeah that's right and so the downside though is that it's hard to tell people hey eat better because they don't like to hear that don't I've had doctors try to talk me out of eating better just to and take a pill instead you but you don't it like you know uh okay so the question is are doctors werewolves you are yeah well yes obviously but you can only get the on you're sh the pro yeah I mean you're leaving the system compan is making money out of medicine so you have to be sick for I'm going to pretend I died last okay feel will why not take a break I will a second I'm sing if my blood sugar regate Trooper you figure that out with one of those little finger pricker things do faint while I'm off the game you if you're laying down I said that low blood sugar is when the brain damage happens so you want to keep your blood sugar higher than fainting that happened to my grandmother once She fainted also hitting your head on the floor that's dangerous um I'm the houndsman okay sounds good houndsman uhuh I'm the saint I'm the saint okay final yeah I'm a twinky is also the Saint twinky the other day gossip villager on it which BL and I deviant on Blue which is wrong maybe the Watcher you are almost out of time I seem to be in a villager streak lately switch my team there's also Regional effects so it seems that people in the Bible Belt are much less well-informed about nutrition than people on the coast yes yes including doctors and nurses try people in the US as a general role people in the US are much more poorly informed than people in Europe that's for sure exactly but I grew up in Europe yeah did they teach you to only eat meat I'm I'm just missing I'm not being seriously believe you grew up in Europe I know what did you clim cuz I see werewolf who' you get were werewolf or gossip on I live in Texas n bacon steak egg what was your it's I need I'm a saint and you know biscuits and gra he well you're actually a werewolf gossip so can you can you yeah eggs are one of the best things you can eat if you can eat much yeah that's why became only overan okay guys there was no point from final final was seen to be a werewolf or a gossip final claimed Saint final has a pip I'm voting final discussion is over everyone talking no uh John John watch Final John said that final is a gossip or a werewolf mhm ask me about and he claimed Saint and he didn't appoint when he was asked to 12 C ofor uh that will help with everything I concur yeah it will uh there's a you need Doctor Feelgood for that um what you need are is a good group of friends and little MDMA and your your PTSD will go away but I hate hanging on weed for d uh oh DMT is it DMT yeah DMT oh my God DB DBT that's really not my favorite drug to do no no it's not a drug okay Not only was he the saint but I voted for him so that helped Saint he also didn't pip me so that help it's s i in direct speech the greatest enemy the Saints I know you explaining to us how to play deviant you want to explain to us how to play the saint now yes could you explain no oh you guys want to bash me now for that yeah go ahead I'm not bashing you are just helping provide your insights and I'd like to hear them I didn't provide any insight about playing devant theater oh okay I was confused | Werewolf Tournament | UCZUAB8omgxfeT8wzPVQciOA | 2018-06-11 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 922 | 4,650 |
7K7Axx5Y2Xg | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7K7Axx5Y2Xg | Universal Clip Applier LXL Overview | [Music] grena introduces the new universal clip applier with the new revolutionary idea one clip applier is designed to work with both large and extra-large polymer ligating clips with the use of the switch the operator can easily adjust the size of the clip applier jaws to the required size of the clip the switch can be easily found at both sides of the clip applier this is why it can be operated with ease by both left and right handed specialists using just one finger the clip applier jaws are activated intuitively using the front handle by placing the trigger handle in front of the clip applier the product is more stable during the procedure the mechanism works with the same ease as for all other clip appliers from grena as one product replaces two the new universal clip applier works with both large and extra large click of e and click of e plus polymer ligating clips this way the new universal clip applier takes less space in the procedure and sterilization zone therefore it takes less effort to manage the new universal clip applier making it more cost effective and more friendly for the environment the product is double color-coded violet on the rotating knob matches the large size of the click of e and click of e plus you find inside the violet cartridge the gold switch represents the extra large color of the cartridge containing the corresponding size of click of e and click of e plus polymer clips universal clip applier a brand new product from grena grena think medical | Grena Ltd. | UCVsoXn5LNHw3JMMeQmwuWsw | 2021-12-22 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 266 | 1,503 |
qVS9bcQT6n0 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qVS9bcQT6n0 | Making Sense of Philosophy #1 : Read Reid - 1 | so inquiry into the human mind on the principles of common sense by Thomas read chapter 1 section 1 the importance of the subject why is it important to know where the human mind works and the means of prosecuting it how the hell do we actually investigate inquire and judge Yoda prosecute you want to read out how you get to where the yarn on you yeah go for it the fabric of the human mind is curious and wonderful as well as that of the human body the faculties of the one with no less wisdom adapted to their several ends than the organs of the other now it is reasonable to think that as the mind is a nobler work and of a higher order the body even more of the wisdom and skill of the Divine architect has been employed in its structure I think that's a very important point and again I think it you know tides back to quite right to see it's very worthy to look into this whole thing because of the influence it has over every branch of science that involves observation experiment experimentation or perception of any kind which basically covers all the science yeah yeah you're not gonna be able to do things without thinking about it yeah or without whatever observing it hearing it touching it tasting it you know I mean you think of any physical chemistry physics biology yeah it kind of it definitely is necessary that the human mind is involved and if we don't know how it works then what you use is any of that knowledge if we're going from faulty assumptions or something actually with a can of the extensive influence which the noise Jovie had over other every other branch of science now there's a couple of ways maybe even interpret that right so yeah who has the knowledge over how the main works is also another advantage okay we'll continue yes point is also the subject upon which we operate the painter the poet the actor the orator the moralist and the Statesman attempt to operate upon the mind in different ways and for different ends and they succeed according as they touch properly the strings of the human frame nor can there several arts ever stand on a solid foundation will rise to the dignity of science until they are built upon the principles of the human Constitution as a statesman I'm or auras our orator I'm going to be using certain aspects of the human mains either in my own in my own way while I'm performing that act or knowing how the mind of the spectator or the perceiver is going to to take it whatever I'm saying so yeah hugely important right for every single thing or every single domain no consolidation so and which you really understand the mind you're not and and have a good understanding of the principles of human Constitution you're not going to understand it you're not going to be able to actually do your job his language is sort of poetic you know they succeed according as they touch properly the strings of the human brain it's a sort of a poetic way of saying yep absolutely I think in those days that was probably just better writing than the people who write now right you know the dumbing down of the language and you know the the Millennials that can't spell anymore yeah or use acronyms for everything and I think in those days it was just uh just a better degree of of using vocabulary and grammar that again I would point back to the way the education has declined thread no Trivium and just subjects so I think it reflects that but yeah I think he was a a man with a great turn of phrase too I was full of thing to be bitter and poetic but by the same token it's actually prose but it's artistic sort of prose where a lot of the writing especially writing like this you know philosophical scientific type writing has become sort of mechanical yeah yeah it comes across sometimes as our key can Quint but if you analyze it properly then there's actually no better way to phrase it than the way he's doing it as you see the rock allistic examples don't convey the overall importance or I don't know meaning of it yep wise men now agree who ought to agree in this that there is but one way to the knowledge of nature's work the way of observation and experiment by our Constitution we have a strong propensity to trace particular facts and observations to general rules and to apply such general rules to account for other effects or to direct us in the production of them this procedure of the understanding is familiar to every human creature in the common affairs of life and it is the only one by which any real discovery and philosophy can be made you know observation and experiment is what is now defined to be empirical science you know if we if you look at the definition of empirical science and those are the two words that will crop up observation and experiments I think that slightly wrong nowadays and that it's been divorced from the rest of this paragraph and that you know there's this connection to our Constitution and to the human mind and to the sense is where empirical science has lost its way and abstracted it because we don't take that relative observer into account you know unless we're talking metaphysical Einstein and I think we need to be very cognizant that every observation experiment involves a sentient being and that sentient being is a part of that observation and experiment and that's why it's very important you know it doesn't mention common sense there but you can sort of say that's where he's heading with the Boyer Constitution we have a strong propensity yep when we look at things right or we observe things or we experiment with something yes we try to make a general rule out of that particular instance which we are observing you know one of the things we try to do is continuously relates compare ratiocinate you know look at ratios or proportions and understand what's actually happening and tries to make a general rule to us or to direct us in the production of them which again is practicality right that means actually demonstrate or to produce that effects again by demonstration which you know ties into the necessity to to demonstrate practically what is going on otherwise you can just tell fairy stories this procedure of the understanding is familiar to every human creature in the common affairs of life and it is day to day things you you show somebody you want to make somebody understand something you show them you show them how it's done yep and it might be you know even something as simple as waving arms and making you know making gestures right which signify something or it it really is a practical demonstration from from start to finish which goes whatever steps that you know are logically deducible from where you started observation and experiment today things do include mathematics I would say so - and it's it's off on that inductive principle which is you know ok let's generalize you know let's let's come up with a rule and we'll take it as fact until we can find some contradiction to it and somehow these contradictions seem to be ignored you know if we take the example of an D water then science doesn't seem to adhere to its prince apples of listening to contradictions and and instead you know I'd hear to the principle of well mathematics shows it so let's forget those contradictions to common sense or to you know the foundation of knowledge I think a prime example with they've been able to call a curve level or using gravity as the reason yep an invisible fictive force that is apparently a cause whereas you know everybody really knows that all Newton did was write down laws that describe the effect and a theory let the end of the day that is still to be demonstrably practically proven we still don't have two masses that attract each other and we still can't find the spinning bolts every example we have what pair water operates is that it always finds its level yep and just because they can redefine what level means mathematically and obviously get everybody educated to or conditions as a better water schools to believe it doesn't make it correct it's just a wrong popular opinion and certainly not common sense as defined by Reid the man who first discovered the cold freezes water and that he turns it into vapour proceeded on the same general principles and in the same method by which Newton discovered the law of gravitation and the properties of life his regular felis often died maximum Maxim's of common sense and are practiced every day in common life and he who philosophizes by other rules either concerning the material system or concerning the mind mistakes his own yeah this paragraph is very open testicle challenge and why shouldn't it be yeah and I think also mistaken a lot because when when you read into what reads actually means by that then he's basically saying that you know what Newton did one of the maxims of common sense is that life is going to be pretty much the same today as tomorrow in the same circumstances is basically the same Maxim that the nature of laws are uniform and constant and and they do not change it well so you know the absurd idea that at some unspecified radius water starts to bend is absurd even from a Newtonian perspective yeah because one of his philosophies was that these things are constant and and uniform you know I'm not defending you necessarily I'm not sure whether he was a good guy a bad guy misunderstood misinterpreted but the way reach reads Newton's works was definitely one that as far as he was concerned was in aligned with with common-sense principles and not just mathematical sophistry we I don't believe it's the cause of anything yet does it describe the effects of of things gravitating towards the earth ie falling to the ground yes you can say that the the formulas and equations do come up with the correct results but that's not the same thing as saying that there is something called gravity that is holding water to a ball his point was yes Newton had you know devised calculus and various mathematical I don't want to call it trickery but ways and processes of dealing with the physical observations yes he came up with things that describe the effects that we see if you if you follow only those things to the end ie radicalised that then then that's okay it's just when the metaphysical argument came and and and we were all supposed to believe in in space balls or mass attracting each other which I don't think necessarily reached condolence but at the same time I'm not sure and all I can see is that anybody listening everybody needs to take from read what they think is correct I'm not 100% on board with everything Reid says either and hey is the man fallible like everybody else I'm bloody sure he was and I think we're where Reid differs from him and we did very radical in that as he says don't let metaphysical arguments into this discussion which I think people accuse Newton of doing later in life but his very first books were without it so he made very clear for example in these regular fathers of Andy that he was not claiming the gravitation was the cause of anything he made it very clear that all he had found was an equation that described the effects you know and it's other people or maybe Newton himself later in life that that started to then I don't know believe his own or enter into a metaphysical arguments right about the cause of things whereas now it's just a description of effects a mathematical description of effects and I think that's where Reid is basically saying yeah that part is fine there's nothing wrong with it and I would agree with them the first Maxim's I think that Newton laid down was that I think the phrase goes something like no more causes of natural things should be admitted than are both true and sufficient to explain the phenomena right so don't bring other stuff into the equation which has nothing to do with it and that's what Reid would say yes that's the correct way of doing it and it was originally Newton's whatever Maxim when he wrote his book which he then seems history from in later life or our people know at least a tribute to him also one thing that Newton did was he tried very hard in all his books to write down as first principles for for Reid also an important topic or for anybody discussing anything with anybody is to exactly define what you mean by certain wants in terms and that's again nothing will read praises Newton for having done it properly so I think when he when he says Maxim's of common sense and practice every day in common life and then those are the things that he means and certainly not the metaphysical arguments that come out of the little writings conjectures and theories are the creatures of men and will always be found very unlike the creatures of God if we would know the works of God we must consult themselves with attention and humility without daring to add anything of ours to what they declare a just interpretation of nature is the only sound author that Orthodox philosophy whatever we end of our own is apocryphal and of no authority we don't need to to whatever skip over the fact that we did believe in a God he did believe that this was some kind of creation I think anybody looking at it objectively has to at least think about that and doubt the story of it all being a big accident usually in these writings he refers to things like nature or the divine architect or you know sometimes he uses the word God but it's not somebody who stuffs it down your throat so it's obvious at least for me that yes he believed there was a creation and when he went on to study his moral philosophy than things like you know this inherent a priori moral you know judgment of right and wrong I think he believes that we do come that way and that's part of our Constitution and I'm inclined to agree with them but speculation about God is best left out at the moment I'm more interested in these natural philosophy than then taking that next step that we all make mistakes the creatures of men and whoever made this place I had a better idea of what to do then all our speculation yes I can go along with that look at it for what it is and don't hypothesize in a way isn't it yeah don't add any more to the story right it's a mark to my way of thinking there is just no way the complexity of what we can experience now you know a just interpretation of nature if you just look at what's around you if you look at how things work if you have even their most basic understanding of microbiology and things like that you you you can see that there's just no way no that happened by kids absolutely I mean the creation creationists let's call them especially the scientists among them have shown pretty clearly that a lot of the things happen at the microscopic level or smaller are actually little machines that are very similar to the machines that we yeah on a macroscopic level and at the same time you know what what we trying to say here this this us trying to interpret things can never be as good as her the creator's blueprints where you know I would agree with the idea that we can come up with a theory of evolution that changing squirrels into fish and monkeys right just seems preposterous against the theory that hey some guy thing person consciousness had a real plan and built this stuff you know because I say oh they don't believe in and and the accidental you know story that they tell us yeah I just think what I'm keep continuously want to do is suspend those conversations and discussions until we figure out where the we are to me it's still an important question but like you say not my need not necessarily be answered right now until you know we yeah I agree I think it's the timing because it's very easy then to get caught up in arguments and and we're talking about something a hundred miles down the road yeah and we don't know where we're standing yet the main message that that I have at least to everybody is is don't do that let's all start from the same starting point and when we get 100 meters down the roads and hopefully we'll have more knowledge to be able to have that discussion better because conjectures and theories are the creatures of men is exactly why I don't want to do without knowing where I am a Potter for a story of statement of doubtful authenticity although widely circulated as being true oh yeah curious theories of the formation of the earth of the generation of animals of the origin of natural and moral evil so far as they go beyond a just induction from facts vanity and folly no Western the vortices of Descartes or the our case of Paracelsus well would I say he most intelligent human being you can imagine could never ever come close exactly I always get back to that one example you know that even if the best engineer in the world could design a mechanical telescope that functions just like the I would it see like and I know because the sentient being is missing to which the eye is attached right so you know that whole creation is completely different just from the mechanical part and the fire the fact that you do that is just you know beyond meet beyond our comprehension right perhaps the philosophy of the mind has been no less adulterated by theories than that of the material system the theory of ideas is indeed very ancient and has been very universally received but as neither of these titles can give it authenticity they ought not to screen it from a free and candid examination especially in this age when it has produced a system of skepticism that seems to triumph over all science and even over the dictates of common sense I thought that might have been the next word yeah I mean this is a part of his overall O'Shaughnessy challenge to the to the idealistic and and what what altum Utley ends up as a skeptical view of the world that everything is just our barrage of ideas and any points out again and again that everybody seems of made the same mistake you know that this ideal theory is actually very ancient every single philosopher that he can look at has made the same mistake of believing too much that ideas are what rules the world are what rules you know how we think about things and that's where a lot of the problems arise because it ultimately ends ups and skepticism and you're not being able to believe in anything which leads to a how should I say a very demoralizing view just because they're ancient and they've been universally received doesn't give them authenticity doesn't make them that doesn't make them true yep I mean typical pointing out these fallacies right the authority or popular opinion does not mean truth and which is why he does great in this book you know in many reps idealism apart he has our fight over you know tens of years with the greatest philosophers of the time-lock whom you know and shows that what they're doing is is wrong they seem to be making assumptions they should be making and overlooking other main works you know this idea that you know we can remove the sentient being or we can divorce and think about abstract things without you know tying them to substance or bodies all of these things are making always the same mistake or thinking that you know images are only in our heads and have nothing to do with with our eyes work or you know all these things have been overlooked time and time again yeah when you think about the fact is this was written 300 years ago and it's still the same today yeah yeah unfortunately still exist that that idealism is still the preeminent philosopher philosophy definitely I mean there's so many ideologies at the moment in the world right you can see everyday and politics so and it's definitely in science there's still all this you know ideas and speculation and metaphysical arguments are the things that seem to be driving the the explanation of the world and you know why are people not talking about you know real facts and and deduction and and not just hypothesis and induction and and then ignoring the rules of induction by ignoring contradictions all that we know the body is owing to anatomical dissection and observation and it must be by and Anatomy of the mind that we can discover its powers and principle suppose in a way he's just saying you know let's be diligent and and let's go go about this in a scientific way rather than just introspection you know the the the common idea of philosophers just sitting there coming up with fancy stories he's basically saying let's do this scientifically please of witches I think exactly what is big differs from everybody else's in philosophy in that not only was the man capable of it because of his background expertise Glenn yeah the fact that he was a one of our mathematician and physicist and and all these things but it really is the difference between him and everybody else that you know he was always pushing for real scientific method and process and I think that's why he he kind of brings up the Newton saying let's attack this with the same diligence which with which Newton attacked it and that's definitely worried differ I think we should stop it there yeah I agree | Vortexpuppy | UCuttZqgjpJNuusRJa4oZj0A | 2019-04-14 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 3,872 | 21,108 |
g2yUn2e6Xpk | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g2yUn2e6Xpk | Baby Lapsit Rhymes with Ms. April: Baby Put Your Pants On | [Music] hi everyone my name is miss april and i am a youth services librarian at the niles maine district library today mr fox and i would like to teach you another baby lapse it rhyme this one is called baby put your pants on this is a fun one to sing when you're getting baby dressed or redressing them after a diaper change this is how it goes baby put your pants on pants on pants on baby put your pants on one two three leg to the left leg to the right wiggle and jiggle and pull them up tight what else can we put on how about your shirt baby put your shirt on shirt on shirt and baby put your shirt on one two three arm to the left arm to the right wiggle and jiggle and pull it on tight very good everyone you can adapt that to use all sorts of different clothing from socks to hats to bathing suits whatever you'd like to use it's a lot of fun and it really has a good rhythm all right we'll see you in the next one bye | NMDLibrary | UCd4HJ6pmmTFyb0DMKkRIjwQ | 2020-11-19 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 193 | 928 |
b59QI0ULCBI | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b59QI0ULCBI | Mystery Report for 2021 Newsletter 04 for Gary: June 27, 2021 | so youtube mr report and tutor subscribers this is terrell ontario03.com today is sunday june 27 2021 it is 9 28 am central time here in the ozarks and this is missed report my apologies i haven't been able to get myself together and get this report done and you'll see that gary wrote to me some time ago and finally able to my health is returning and making some changes with the black star report that's going to be monday through friday friday thing from now on and one day on saturday or sunday then i'm doing my best to get a missed report done and to get caught up for those supporting the mystery report program at the website this newsletter program is all about helping people see god's wisdom hidden in plain sight using his three witnesses of spirit water and blood testifying in the holy scriptures from genesis 1 1 through revelation and if you go to tarot003.com you're a non-subscriber supporter then you can download a uh mystery report newsletter and get access to the whenever bible chat i had a fast connection was living in the city then tuesday nights was bible chat you have the opportunity to see some of that and this is a radio series from awakened radio 2012 thanks to john for where he downloaded them and edit them out edited out the black star reports and things there's 21 episodes and begin at the beginning and work your way through and you'll see a pattern god's wisdom hidden in plain sight using his three witnesses begins right in genesis 1 1. i have a lot of i'm going to answer gary's questions and make that presentation and then there's a special uh clarifying statements for karen for an article that she sent in down below this look at the time and see if we can get into maybe a little bit of that but that's where being a newsletter subscriber it's only 25 per year and you get all the newsletters going all the way back 2019 in the 2021 dropbox folder i hope that you will benefit from this presentation share with others and subscribe at the website access to all the newsletters going back to the beginning it's just 25 per year if you want like gary to be a tutor subscriber that's just 25 extra per year and then you can send me your questions and perhaps be looking at your questions and my answers in a video presentation just like this one so this uh what we're covering today is from gary he's he's one of the best supporters of the research at tarot03.com satan's rebellion along with the living souls gods and the infinite realm so gary's a little more advanced well he's a lot more advanced than those that are just seeing this for the first time obviously and a little bit of background the mystery explain was written in 2005 after decades of research beginning in my teens i'm 63 years old now began this and i'm from my family of ministers and somehow or another this has been this is my life's work what we're looking at right here the 9 11 investigations all the other investigations project blackstar and everything else came afterward whenever this was i mean this is my legacy here this is a this is a really really big deal once you see it changes everything and so my i'm trying to do here is help others help you guys through helping gary you're looking over my shoulder and as i'm working back and forth these are deliberations going back and forth and gary's asking questions i'm providing the answers and using diagrams and i have like 10 diagrams pulled up to help you to see the patterns so um this is today's date while gary wrote this pardon me to me back in february february the 12th 2021 and i began by saying i feel your enthusiasm enthusiasm for knowing the truth of god's word and feel your pain when standing in the dark and reaching for the light that's not just gary that's everybody that's me that includes everybody living moving through this evil age in the valley of the shadow death is what it is currently with the god of this world being the devil and we're under the power of the heavenly authorities of this darkness in the heavenly places though the things that i'm showing you here everyone's going to see in heaven in the future but blessed are those of us that god has put his hand on our shoulder said son this is for you to see and he opens doors for us literally in heaven as we are growing internally with christ incarnate inside of us god is taking us by the hand and showing us leading us the new inner man that's inside of us i'm going to show you diagrams and that's going to be part of gary's that's part of my answer to gary so moving forward then at some point i would like to have a bible study with you he's been making that request and uh and david my friend david my my um brother from another mother i make reference to then he's had many of the same similar questions that gary's asked and my friend that met me here that i don't share her name she's a lady friend here and she had many she's she she knew that i was here and a week after i was here she was in knocking on my door literally and we've had more than a dozen lengthy conversations very very smart lady and she's asking question after question after question just like david just like gary once you you get the hunger for the spirit that's the way that it works generally that subsides after a while but whenever things first start off and i'm helping somebody you know to see these things in in their it's like a little kid the new students are like a little kid and they want more and more and more and more and more just like your little kid you know just like you were whenever you were a child and your mind was expanding it's really really a great thing so gary uh so gary writes carol in my effort to understand more about satan's rebellion against almighty god in the infinite realm and living souls who joined satan in the infinite realm rebellion i found only one reference to the actual number of possible beings in the book of revelation revelation 12 4 and his tale drew a third part of the stars of heaven and did cast them to the earth and the dragon stood before the woman which was ready to be delivered for to devour her child as soon as it was born now if i understand your teaching correctly what happens here on earth has already happened in the infinite room so let me stop just for a second because whenever you make reference to your teaching this is all god's stuff all of this is god's god cracked open a door and let me look into it a little bit but i cannot take credit for any of this this stuff god stuff he chose me to see it he can choose you to see it but you'll realize whenever you see the patterns and you're going through and you're seeing the bigger picture you're going to realize man couldn't invent this we can only be exposed to it god chooses us to see this these things i say yes to be clear what happens on earth the third time has happened in heaven the second time and in the infinite realm the first time which is the only realm that is real also much of the truth you seek is taught only in the bible types with knowledge and wisdom coming from christ in you the new inner man that is renewed day by day many of these things are learned from your new inner man teaching you from the inside within your soul and the important part because you are working to help others there is only so much that god reveals through our personal study and prayer until we reach a plateau and things stay much the same god then sends us others in need of assistance in seeing the simple things so he can take us to the next and higher level as we are helping others that is so true gary therefore am i correct in the following a third part of the stars of heaven refers to the living souls gods in the infinite realm my answer the dragon has the power of the spirit witnesses of satan who has a singularity with the beast having authority over one-third in the false prophet having power over one-third he who has wisdom he will understand that 666 is the number of a man that is not a literal man at all the same is true for the man christ jesus is also not a mere man but is the father spirit the son blood and the holy spirit water testifying for and about the word and heaven of genesis 1 1. so when we begin with in the beginning was the word or in the beginning god created the heaven and the earth let me pull up i pull up these right here this one right here in the beginning god created the heaven and the earth and the earth was formless and void and darkness was upon the face of the deep but in the beginning god created the heaven and the earth and this is the way things existed for the perfect ages void the the void and darkness came afterward so these this this is the first verse of the bible and this is god's code it's embedded right in these words where you see spirit witness god heaven the blood witness and the earth the water witness when you stand these up then they become a man just like which one of these diagrams i want to pull up for you i didn't pull up number four this is a little more complicated one in the beginning god created the heaven and the earth this father right here my father who art in heaven this is where he gets his name from the heaven of genesis 1 1. and many people far too many people believe that my father art in heaven is the almighty he is the spirit witness of the word so when we take in the beginning god created the heaven and the earth and we open that up in the tabernacle form then we get the first three verses of the gospel of john in the beginning was the word and the word was with god and the word was god he was in the beginning with god and without him was without him was not anything made that was made this is what was made right here all things this creation was made by him it's actually made by god through him and in him all things hold together so this is the only realm that's real no matter which diagram that i pull up the only realm that is real here's the true form it's an egg this is the egg format and the shell that's the infinite realm and it is infinite in every direction that's the only realm that's real contained in that infinite shell is heaven or the word the word in heaven are the same thing they're both singularities they both represent god's word incarnate that's how heaven and earth were created this is the infinite realm the only realness realm this is where the satanic rebellion took place this is where you are gods and i'm a god you're a god that's where you incarnated inside of me and i incarnated inside of you each of you take a look around to realize that every seventh-day person walking around is a god from this infinite room and that you are a member of their body and they are a member of you bo your body we know each other all of us we know each other intimately from the inside out all of us do in this realm and then this is the heaven realm that was created the earth in the beginning god created the heaven and the earth this realm right here contains the earth everything's held together inside of christ all things whether visible or invisible princes principalities dominions everything that's all things of john 1 1-3 which is the earth of genesis 1 1 all things are created by him for him and in him this is the true form right here this is the tabernacle form laid out see the two veils this is the first veil this is the second veil first veil well looking at it from man's view from outward end and this would be the first veil this would be the second veil but you can see all the pattern of all the three witnesses of the whole bible your spirit your soul your body the man the woman the seed and there are charts in the mystery explained that show you the original singularity like the almighty the almighty is a singularity he's infinite that's why no one has seen god and nobody's going to see god he's infinite how are you going to see infinite with finite eyes it's impossible okay so this is i shared that so as we're going through this commentary then you can visualize a little better things that i'm talking about there's another diagram that's right here where you're going to see the same three witness pattern that's the same pattern in every diagram there's 80 diagrams in the mystery explained i also have pulled up not there pardon me something that i haven't done before is pulled up the mystery explained this is the epub copy and this is the table of contents and this is how it begins simple diagrams the bible the mystery explained in your enlarging witness in the middle a red folder is recommended and as you're going through you create your three pages for your three witnesses of spirit blood and water like for the word holy spirit helper blood witness son my father worked in heaven the spirit witness these the spirit witnesses all have commonalities that define them features characteristics blood witnesses all have commonalities too heaven begotten and this is the highest heaven of genesis 1 1 and there is a regular heaven of genesis 1 8. doing these exercises helps you to know the difference to see them then whenever you're reading the scriptures you'll go ah that's 7 of genesis 1 8 ah that's heaven the word of genesis 1 1. it helps you to see the difference so he's um the third part of the stars of heaven refers to the living souls in god's infinite realm now whenever you begin whenever you subscribe and begin working with these things then my recommendation is that you go to tarle03.com even before and you watch these six videos these six videos right here because that's going to help to eliminate the semantics so whenever you're saying god we're thinking the same thing the almighty and then when you say gospel and i say gospel back and forth we know that's our gospel the word of the cross gospel message has separated from the gospel of the kingdom the our church the mystery church the body of christ versus the prophetic church the bride of christ peter john and james four baptisms we have one that baptized the holy spirit does it baptizes us into christ that's one baptism that's the only baptism there's nothing to do with water the gospel the kingdom has three baptisms that correspond to the tabernacle of moses just like the bible does then the differences between god and my father are in heaven and some people believe this is blasphemy but i just showed you in the diagrams and in the mystery explained step by step by step precept upon precept there is this between jesus christ and christ jesus one's almost infinite the father son and the holy spirit as a man christ jesus jesus christ the walking talking incarnation of christ jesus on the earth difference and then god's true bible code that's what the three witnesses are all about highly recommend that you watch those and then go through the mystery explain and when you're writing your questions we're going back and forth we're going to be thinking using the same definitions of the terms which by the way is not english if we talk about the new testament that's the greek terms as they were used 2 000 years ago and if the old testament we are we are speaking in english but we're thinking in hebrew and in aramaic that's the accurate way of deliberating god's living word okay so the dragon has power over the spirit witnesses of satan satan infinite realm this is where the dragon is the dragon the beast and the false prophet in heaven this is where michael the archangel was fighting and he severed the head of the dragon but the heaven the dragon is still standing his head has been severed hasn't yet hit the ground this is an almost infinite realm it's moving super super super slowly almost infinite hosts so the the events of the battle in revelation 12 that has been happening since the days of genesis were frozen within that mo that moment when the the dragon's head has been severed he's been thrown down into the earth that's who the devil is so the devil's testifying for the dragon and they both testify for satan in the infinite realm the spirit witness part the the son of perdition the beast one is a almost infinite realm host one is an earth realm host the antichrist and the same for the false prophet false prophet here false prophet here three realms ecclesiastes this might be a good dive that pulled up right here i refer to this often what has been is that which is that is what will be my apologies and what has been done is what will be done there is nothing new under the sun is there anything of which one might say see this it is new it has existed it has already existed for ages which were before us that's in genesis 1 1 singularity hosts no such thing as angels no such thing as men singularity hosts only replaying what happened in god's infinite room there is no remembrance of the earlier things and of the latter things as well which will occur there will be no remembrance of them among those who will come later still things are done for the first time here the only realm that's real this realm heaven is created this realm earth is created and christ says often on earth as it is in heaven on earth as it is in heaven the he is speaking of an equation a formula that these things that have already been done are being done in heaven and on the earth so the things that are bound in heaven are bound in the earth in that order heaven first and then on the earth so the full equation is on earth as it is in heaven as it is in the infinite realm so those two witnesses are the ones that christ testifies about there are in in reality three witnesses and you hear about the two or three witnesses throughout the old testament that there are three that testify first john chapter five okay so one one-third you see how the picture the picture should be developing now the one-third so each of these witnesses the dragon here and the devil here the devil has one-third the antichrist one-third and the body of the false prophet one-third to this false prophet this is not supposed to be a prophet this is supposed to be a priest but things are inverted for the negative side the satanic side things are inverted instead of this being a false priest which is a water witness it should be a priest like moses priest elijah prophet the pattern here's backwards that's an inverted cross over here so the dragon has the power of the spirit witness of satan with the beast having authority over one-third and the false prophet one-third here's wisdom he will understand 666 is the number of a man but it's not a literal man at all same is true for the man christ jesus that is also not a mere man but the father son and the holy spirit testifying about the word in heaven so that man of revelation 13 18 consists of the dragon the beast and the false prophet or the devil the son of destruction and the false prophet from this diagram that's right here the 666 heavenly man in power right now is being replaced by the 777 heavenly man body of elijah body of christ body of moses so we're given the information about the body of moses first corinthians chapter 10 start at verse 1 and you'll read the first five verses you'll see water witness signs everywhere what they're drinking and they're baptized into moses into the sea because all everyone came from moses believe it or not because this is the type of eve this is the type of adam he testifies for all the angels eve testifies for all men mother of all living and when you when you get deeper then you'll realize it's not just all men it's all living period everything that's living came from and will return to eve through the body of moses the angel half is over here with elijah that's why he's the one that didn't see death he was taken to heaven and a chariot of fire and then at some point then you should realize see if i had let me see if i have that diagram pulled up yes right here that the first is the last christ says it so many times the first is last and the last is first so the amount of transfiguration matthew 17. moses christ and elijah the same diagram that i just showed you this is my beloved son peter john and james that's christ's three witnesses give these each three witnesses you would have nine standing back here put the three in a triangle put christ in the middle give them each their three witnesses and then you have them surrounding christ would be the 13th witness standing directly in the center and when you look down upon that you are looking at the anatomy of a thought larger version of what's passing through our minds what's passing through your mind right now like train cars and as these thoughts and ideas are being developed you're adding one more witness as it comes through the train station we'll add more one more witness until eventually that sun son is fully developed it's sent out and there brings forth fruit is the wisdom part the only realm that's real god's infinite realm heaven of genesis 1 1. it's busy up there their holy spirit hold the holy spirit host of the almost infinite realm mirror the men in the world men and women children of the world mirror same thing over here the angels and the host of the father on their side mighty mighty angels and whenever you put take that the woman and put her back inside the man and then take the that completed living soul and put it back inside the angel you have the living soul of heaven so there's a man half and an angel half to be married at this what the marriage supper the lamb is for peter john and james but not for us we've already been put back together again whenever we obey the gospel we are seated in with christ in christ jesus ephesians 2 started verse 4. the same has happened at in heaven as it is on earth on before your angel half and you were cooked back together again and seated in christ jesus up here your father half and your holy spirit half were put back together and seated here so there's a heavenly authority version and there's an earthly version being connected together in the body of the lamb and the body of christ and the body of the lamb because the lamb is the incarnation of christ jesus jesus christ on the earth is the incarnation of the lamb of god it was an incarnation of christ jesus who was an incarnation of god's word from the infinite realm now there's a whole bunch of incarnating going on and when you break all this down at some point as you mature you realize that christ in you is heaven incarnate christ jesus incarnate in you and in christ jesus is god incarnate reconciling the world to himself second corinthians 5 19 through 21 and there is a diagram that i want to pull up that shows you that and it is right here the spirit of god's word the faith of jesus and the holy spirit of promise that's what the preacher carries with him and that is when god sends the preacher and this is in and he's the preachers preaching the gospel this is what's conveyed from the preacher the faith to faith the faith to faith romans 1 16 17 transaction that takes place here's the unsaved god's chosen him through the gospel he sent the preacher with the gospel the good news and the faith of jesus in him romans 3 26 one of the most important verses of the bible is referencing the faith of jesus is translated almost every time his faith in jesus but that faith of jesus is a possession that we receive from the preacher when god sends him and we obey the gospel the obedience of faith this and it goes inside and dwells in us an incarnation of a new man boom right here father son holy spirit incarnate in us the holy spirit and our mortal body the son incarnate in our soul my father we're in heaven incarnate in your spirit christ in you and then inside of christ in you that's where god is laid sideways like this god to come god who is god who was revelation 1 8 so the three witnesses of the word are father son and holy spirit matthew 28 19 the three witnesses of the almighty got to come guy who is god it was they testify from revelation 1 verse 8. lots and lots of people far too many people believe that the father son and holy spirit equals god and that's the son of god that's your one mediator between god this is you this is god here's father son and holy spirit the mediator between you and god paul is describing an inward relationship through the new inner man that grows in you by eating the spiritual food all of god's word is living but not all of god's word is active for you the active part for you as a member of christ's body is the pauline epistles 13 books when your soul eats that it grows up to be strong the rest of the bible is written to somebody else the old testament written to israel the kingdom new testament written to the bride of christ those that are going to come after we're raptured we're going to be taken all the preachers are going to be taken nobody can preach the word of god because there's going to be no preachers on the earth not one that we're all going to be taken and then elijah shows up with the holy spirit that's in us now he's going to preach the gospel of the kingdom and begin working with those that are god has called to the gospel of the kingdom this is the same pattern that i've been showing you spirit blood water spirit begins again over here with a new heaven and new earth this is where we are now old testament to israel kingdom on earth dispensation of the law old testament genesis through malachi 39 books 13 13 13 all rolled into one spirit witness for israel this is where prophecy is unclothed it's the law and the prophets then you have a veil right here see the second veil because we're looking from this direction second veil this is the holy place of the bible this is the holy of holies of the bible this is this is where you want to be between the two veils so these old testament prophets they don't see the mystery the mystery time they don't see it they testify about what's over here the day of the lord right over here the kingdom of heaven kingdom of verse see the difference on earth as it is in heaven this is hebrews revelation 13 books 13 books 39 books all based on the number 13. that's 13 that i was sharing with you earlier the number of the steward there's one book missing when you get you this is only 65 there's 66 books one book in the bible is unique to every other book in the bible and that is i know i pulled this up for you oh it's right here same three witnesses spirit blood water 39 books 13 books 13 books same exact pattern of the tabernacle of moses and the temple the difference is this book right this veil right here is the book of acts the book of acts is the only book in the bible that has two sets of features and characteristics blood witness and water witness it begins with peter the kingdom bride the gospel of the kingdom it wraps up with the apostle paul the mystery being revealed that's a hidden part of the scriptures that the kingdom bride cannot see the old testament prophets cannot see and many walking around the earth today cannot see it either god has to reveal this to you and most that are walking around are blinded by the looting influence second thessalonians chapter 2 start at verse 7 the mystery of iniquity they think they're saved they think they're christians they're being told by the living influence that that's exactly what they are and they are not the way you can define them where you can see them know them is whenever they destroy this veil that separates blood doctrine king which is grace doctrine for the mystery body from kingdom doctrine for peter john and james when you take kingdom doctrine and grace doctrine mix it together you break this veil and you inherit the curse of second peter chapter 3 verse 16 they distort the truth to their own destruction because they have defiled the wisdom given him the mystery that's things held secret and then revealed they had to be kept secret because if god would have told these prophets what was going on the devil would have known too and they'd never they never crucified christ they had to be kept from the devil which means it had to be kept from the prophets it was it was revealed through the ministry of the apostle paul and there are many professing christians walking around particularly messianic they label themselves messianic they believe paul is a heretic because they can't reconcile kingdom of grace doctrine they are not reconcilable they're not supposed to be there's a veil in between them we have to place that veil there or else we're just knocking down the veils and doing whatever we want that is lawlessness the mystery of iniquity and that's what people are doing and to them i'm their heretic having things right get you in trouble in this evil age so the 666 man on the left the body of the devil the body of the antichrist the body of the false prophet are all testifying for satan in the in god's infinite realm so looking everything over to realize that each witness has authority over one-third and my father art in heaven is incarnate and your spirit showed you the diagram the sun is a carnage in your soul and the holy spirit dwells in your body so i say get it the same rule applies for the man of satan in heaven and earth gary that one-third of gods in the infinite realm rebelled again along with satan and killed adam in the rebellion not exactly we cannot use percentages in the infinite realm where everything is a singularity like father son and holy spirit there's no such thing as my father word in heaven in in the infinite realm no such thing it doesn't even make sense because in the infinite realm this this is a the spirit witness of the word in the infinite room god and his word are one they're the same thing father son and holy spirit god who is god it was god who was to come they're all one god god said to his word word go over there incarnate that's what heaven is and create adam the earth inside yourself again because god created adam the first time in the infinite realm perfect mature complete and with members of his own body everybody that god creates when god first creates us the infinite realm we're all pretty much the same because we're all perfect that's changed by our decisions so you incarnate inside of me i incarnate inside of you you and carney inside of all the other brethren i do too now we have all these members of our body incarnate inside of us along with the original host that god created on the day that he made us so the six day people of genesis 1 26-28 those that's like the chinese the aborigines the ancient races amphibious races reptilian races they've all been here those are all testifying for adam as members of his original body the seventh day people that are here have only been here for about 12 500 years that's where the negative blood came from so you have people that are walking around in our environment gods from god's infinite realm seven day people that you know intimately from the inside out you just don't know it yet you don't have any remembrance of it yet and then there are people like american indians like chinese and those with rh positive straight black air beardless races that have been here along with the reptilians and the in the amphibious races they've been here for hundreds of thousands and millions of years those are the original members of adam's body they're not here to be judged hebrews 9 27 does not apply to them not here to die once and then the judgment that's only seventh day people we have part in the satanic rebellion the members of adam's body on the day he was made had no opportunity they were inside of adam the whole time it's what happened outside of adam's body and outside the body of all the other brethren that's what the satanic rebellion is all about so there are sons of obedience among us that were victims like adam and their sons of disobedience among us that actually worked with satan during the stannic rebellion we're doing things already done in the infinite realm we're doing things already done in heaven too this is the third time so if you feel that deja vu feeling with what's happening around us with the pandemic it's because we've done all this before destruction is coming severe destruction is coming the same as it did in heaven in the battle between michael the archangel and the dragon destruction a war just like in the infinite realm this is the third time so the the hillaries and the obamas house of rochelle they have no power in their hands everything is fixed the power they have comes from the infinite room everything is fixed they can't change it they're bad they're going down that's it we hold on to what we have a little bit longer and then you're going to see the things that i'm sharing with you they're all going to come to pass when you see the three witnesses you know you understand the scriptures the scriptures are alive inside of you it's heaven incarnate inside you the word incarnate inside of you then that testimony is ongoing and it's enduring that those words spiritual words those things are going to continue to endure through heaven and earth being recreated time and time and time and time and time again just like in revelation 21 1. earth is going to pass away many many times and be remade again but god's word is going to endure throughout that's why it's so important to recognize and realize the new inner man inside of you is heaven incarnate inside of you god's word incarnate it's really a great thing whenever you can see it so you can't you cannot use percentages in the infinite realm you most certainly use them in heaven and earth there are spirit blood and water witnesses and seeing the difference note recognizing the veil in between them and their persons helps you to see the larger picture because the holy spirit and his testimony is testifying for the sun for the my father we're in heaven and for every single water witness in the same column woman water witness earth water witness your physical body versus your soul and your spirit water witness okay so god almighty is is this is um let's go back up here two-thirds of gods in the infinite realm are watching god almighty's restoration of adam not exactly the third part it's important to understand how singularities are broken down into trinities like heaven and earth that are broken down respectively into father son holy spirit heaven's heaven and earth soul a spirit soul body so on and so forth so all these three witnesses are broken father son and holy spirit broken your spirit's soul and body you're not supposed to have a spirit soul and body there's no not supposed to be any such thing as angels men and women they're supposed to be singularities that's what we're going to be in the future so we're in a period right now when relativity and quantum physics do not reconcile because we're standing in the earth they reconcile in heaven and they're going to reconcile more perfectly in heaven whenever everything is a singularity again god almighty is showing this is gary god almighty is showing the two-thirds of god's and others in the infinite realm that his grace and majesty far exceed anything that angels and man can conceive and if you don't add to that conceive and perform all the works of angels and men combined that equals a teeny teeny little percent of a portion of what god can do and what he is doing through his word it's magnificent powerful what god's doing all of our works her futility all of them combined together that's what we're supposed to recognize as members of christ's body we are saved by god's grace through faith and not by our works we can stand before the throne of god and beat ourselves on the chest but none of us can do that what we are getting is far beyond what any of us deserve and what god is giving us is what's already ours this is ours from the infinite realm we were gods he gave it to us on the day he made us in the first place so now here we are in the valley of the shadow of death walking through this earning rewards that are already ours it's going to take us ages and ages and ages and ages to get back what's already ours but that's what god's plan is at the same time he's taken away from some hosts some sons and given it to other sons based upon the things that we do that's what second corinthians chapter 5 verse 10 is about being rewarded for good deeds done in the flesh some of us are running ahead trying to win the race helping everybody possible physically and spiritually to the best of our god-given ability some are doing that physically only unaware of the spirit some of us are doing it spiritually only only unaware of the physical it's doing it all is running the race to win that's why there's a survival group program and that's why there's the mystery explain program physical preparing physically being a good example for those that are going to be left here to go through the day of the lord with elijah and being a model role model the best you can for the members of christ's body that are seated in heavenly places already in christ that are about to be taken off this planet just before the sudden destruction happens so then um gary writes god almighty is showing the two-thirds of gods oh that's what i just read to you and remove the two-thirds part and we're we're on the same page that's what i just explained to you so god is showing the heavenly authorities and guess what the heavenly authorities that includes us on earth as it is in heaven we're doing here we're doing in the almost infinite realm as is in the infinite realm it's just one of us is almost infinite almost infinite being you are already almost an almost infinite being you're already in heaven he almost infinite you're already there but you're frozen motionless so from that perspective almost infinite what's happening inside this entire universe is like a drop of water everything is happening inside so please correct me on anything above that i assumed that is wrong i watched the 13th floor highly recommend you watch it 13th floor i gave lots of links here that's where douglas hall that they're they have on the 13th floor of their building they have a simulation running it's 1927 i believe and they are able to download their consciousness into that 1927 like the matrix and he's going to get a message inside of there and the message is going to help him to realize that the world he's living in is a matrix and that reality is on the outside of that that's where he ends up at the end so i don't want to ruin the whole thing for you if you haven't seen it but give you enough you know to wet your whistle to wet your appetite but whenever you see that move you're going to realize there's three realms and only one of them is real the other two are created so that where douglas hall starts off is heaven from our perspective where he goes inside the machine is earth and where he ends up at the end that's god's infinite realm although obviously you know that's not it it's just that the symbolism in there's it's there so then he says yeah please correct me and hopefully he's not bothering me and things like that you guys cannot bother me possibly i appreciate your support very very much appreciate you and your questions because this is the way that god helps me to see more things too and what you're seeing in my book the mystery explain was my my experience level in 2005. now it's far beyond that and what my my hope is my prayer is is that some among you will grow and grow and grow and grow so we can begin having more uh conversations more deliberations and deeper conversations about the reality of what way things really are in this evil age why we're still under the shadow of darkness this is extremely rare and looking from the future we're going to look back through the darkness of veil and realize how important and how lucky we were to be even know about the three witnesses and know that christ's incarnate side of us and god in him and reconciling the world to himself and everything it's really really really great stuff so looking at my time we're 52 minutes right now and i'm not going to be able to go through all this this is where it's going to be a premium to be a mystery report newsletter subscriber um how old was adam when he was created by god hidden in the crepe and seems like a very nice lady and there's incorrect uh conclusions that are being drawn but this is very very typical until you see the three witnesses and you can't you don't know where the veils are you're going to mix things together that's exactly what we're seeing here and this is very common that many people believe that what god's creating in genesis 1 is a re is replayed again in genesis 2 and that is not the case so i'm going to go through and there's links provide you information and to help you to understand more from the perspective of the three witnesses of god's living word these are the clarifying statements and there's more information that's included down below in this newsletter and i hope again that you'll become a subscriber here at tarot03.com and that you'll benefit from the mystery reports if you subscribe you can have access to all of them and whenever you do subscribe go back to the beginning to the very first report that's on the youtube that's a youtube video that's this video that this link is right here and when you go back to the first one in 2019 you're gonna have a video right there watch that video go through that newsletter then number two then number three four five six seven and you're going to be following a breadcrumb trail that's been deliberately laid down for you so there's plenty of information there to help you see god's word to see that his wisdom plenty plenty of it already there so that's what i have to share with you for today and remember whenever you do subscribe to the mystery report then you get a copy of my book the mystery explained this version right here so you'll have all of the of the diagrams you're going to have understanding the reformations you're going to people you can have access to all of this information it's 555 pages in the book the hardcover bound book and you can get a copy of this hardbound when it when the electricity goes off and we're waiting for god to take us home then you just may want to have a physical copy it's 66 bucks because it's the best paper available the diagrams are color and they're going to bleed through if you didn't if i didn't have that that's so that's why you see the price and you can get a used copy looks just like this you get a used copy cheaper if you search online but a a first edition numbered author's copy you can get from me if you're in united states and if you're overseas clicking on this button that's right here if you're using if you're on your phone [Music] then left arrow make sure you go up you see these three dots you're going to have three dots on your phone go into website view mode and then when you click on it you're going to see a left arrow and a right arrow hit the left arrow and it's going to show you this content and then this content and you're going to wind up down in this section that's down here and so when you subscribe you get a copy of book the mystery explained and you should go to and subscribe to the youtube channel and you can find right here right on the website click on the youtube channel highly recommend that you come to tarot03.com using a laptop or a desktop computer that's i'm a desktop computer guy that's how the website was made so it was not necessarily was not made for with even a vision of cell phones so i never accessed a website on a cell phone in my life that's why a lot of people are having difficulties and writing to me how do you subscribe left arrow go all the way down to the bottom and you'll find it that's what i have to share with you for today when you subscribe you get discounts on nanosilver you want to be around when the rapture happens the gigantic wave is coming there's lots of information on this down in the newsletter appreciate your support very very much i appreciate you joining me right here hope you'll share this information with others and get more information right at the website and i'll see you on the next mystery report update | Terral Croft | UCMq6IynWMl2RPb57ErfkKvA | 2021-06-27 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 8,330 | 44,274 |
H4qoNpBApsI | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H4qoNpBApsI | HOW TO RELIEVE ARTHRITIS PAIN IN THE KNEE - treatments, pain relief and exercises. | yes i'm 50. and i have osteoarthritis in my knees it's bone on bone i have it in my fingers and i have it in my shoulders it's real the pain is real the journey's been tough but let me tell you the pain i had almost two years ago to the pain i'm in now night and day you can change things you can change your physical narrative bio hacking hi it's kelly and welcome back to me more tv if you're new to my channel i make videos about paleo beauty and lifestyle but this video well it sort of falls under the umbrella of lifestyle it's a video that so many of you have asked for especially all my friends my following friends on instagram i know everyone says this but please if you've enjoyed this video please subscribe give it a thumbs up and don't forget to click on the notification bell so you get notified when my next video comes out so today's video is about osteoarthritis predominantly in my knees i'm going to give you my history i'm going to talk about my treatment and i'm going to talk about how i've reduced severe pain you know the highs the lows and biohacks i guess you would call them that i do now because i've gone from extreme pain to not even moderate pain my pain has reduced immensely so let's start with a snapshot of my my history first of all i'll start with my mum my mum had arthritis in her shoulders and her ankles and her knees she didn't have it in her fingers and she had a double knee replacement she was overweight and then she continued to put on more and more and more weight sadly we lost her to bowel cancer in may 2018. so it's in my dna although they say it's not hereditary i don't know about that don't know what i believe because i know my brother is struggling with it in his feet at age 39 i got decided to get fit that's all on i can slide that in there's a how i lost my 15 kilos before i turned 40. but i just started doing crossfit i started running i had never i just let myself go basically you know i'd had my second child put on the weight couldn't lose weight and just was in this terrible rut so i lost all that weight got super fit and i was on it for i kept it going for a couple of years but because i never had the muscle around my knee i had no support there running was probably the worst thing for it and i had a tear on the meniscus in here and here on both knees and i went in um i saw my knee surgeon professor haddad he did arthroscopic surgery on both knees that was silly doing them both at the same time so painful and i was out i couldn't walk for weeks but then you know did my physio do my rehab and he said to me he goes listen your knees aren't great he didn't say i had arthritis he just said your mum had a double knee replacement not sure how long your knees are gonna last basically so i carried on training my knees were never good you know i couldn't do certain things certain yoga positions certain exercises i knew what i could and couldn't do with my knees but they were good enough right then enter september 2019. i say i don't know what happened but i think i do i was in the park with my children and doing cartwheels and then i did a round off which i haven't done for like i hadn't done for like 30 years and it's when you sort of do it and you spring your feet together nothing hurt nothing but i was really impressed with myself like whoa the girls were impressed anyway we go home then my husband and i are going out for drinks we come out we walk out of the bar we're not intoxicated we're going to the restaurant i take one step out and i literally collapse i could not walk i could not put any i couldn't put this foot down he had to carry me on his back and he carried me home and that was the beginning of my journey till now so i couldn't walk for weeks i went and saw a orthopedic surgeon consultant not my own and he did an mri and then he did the x-rays and he was like you have severe osteoarthritis it is bone on bone i was like what does that mean it's like well it means you're going to have to have a double knee replacement and i was like i was 48. i was like what i was bedridden i could not walk then i went back to him and he said let me inject some cortisone because i was met i was heading to australia one of my dear friends it was her daughter's wedding and it was really important for me to be there and i'm like i've got to go to australia in four weeks and he's like yep yep you should be fine you should be fine and he injected it with cortisone i've never been in so much pain from an injection he literally like just stabbed it i was like i can't even tell you what i said but i was just like you know what i'm gonna go back and see my professor haddad because you know he is one of the best here and you know what he did worked the cortisone was just like big band-aid basically but took the pain away and so then i went and saw professor haddad and he said look kelly we can you can rehab it see what you can do it's just buying you time he goes you know you will have to get a double knee replacement i'm like when when he goes when you can't bear the pain anymore i was like and i was in so much pain i can't tell you now during this time that eight years from turning 40 and getting fit having the tear on the meniscus i continued to train and i was doing hot yoga i was doing weights i was getting stronger but i was always restricted because there's things that i could and couldn't do so all of that had to stop you know everything stopped i'd already put on a bit of weight because mum had passed and i didn't realize but i was also um perimenopausal at the time it was horrible it was a horrible time because i just felt like everything had been taken away from me and then i was introduced to iso kinetics now isokinetics that's it's an amazing place it was physio hydrotherapy and pt there is a video i'm going to put it up on my instagram it's just a short video of my time there one thing have a look at you can have a look at my shape then and have a look at my shape now just to when i say shape it's weight okay one pound of weight on your body is four pounds of pressure on your knee so i've shifted a lot of that and i'm proud of that and i'm proud of that so i start my journey with isokinetics and it was meant to be twice a week for three weeks um i started it before i went to australia then i came back from australia i ended up being there for about three months and it was intense you know it was they were amazing please have a look at the the video on instagram i was doing physio they were using tens machines i was in the pool twice a week doing hydrotherapy i hate the pool i don't like swimming i don't i love the ocean and i love a pool but i'm not for exercise i find it the most boring thing in the world so that was interesting but i met some fabulous international football stars from all around the world because that's where they all go for their rehab that was fun about three months there got the cortisone boom i'm out of there and that was january last year i started training again and at the first session i just tweeted you know a lot of trainers don't adapt to your injuries or don't know how to and i just knew it and i was trying to do what i used to do and i i couldn't i was filled with fear so i didn't do it you know i actually just stopped training all together until november last year i meet this amazing crazy chick called belinda from australia brisbane australia we actually met in brisbane australia that's another story she is phenomenal she is the best trainer i have ever ever worked with in my life everything i do she adapts for my knees for my shoulders for my mental health if i'm just my hormones are out of whack i'm not feeling great she won't push it she knows how to manipulate the body but also work with the body and and with my mind she listens she really listens and i've been training with her since then she has changed my life my life without a doubt she would not train me until i bought these mechanical knee braces and i had to wear them i think i wore them for at least the first six weeks until then we moved on to the knee supports you know she put this little trampoline in front of me and was like you know let's get on that i'm like are you freaking mad i thought this girl is going to kick she's going to do to my knees and i was filled with fear for a long time it took a long time for me to really trust her because she just made me do things that i'd never done before but it's what i should have been doing before if that makes sense so i had these mechanical knee braces on and she just slowly started rehabbing me and if you can see what i do now on the rebounder have a look on my igtv i did a little quick review i guess on about the rebounder my little trampoline game changer changed my life do it every day and what it's done for my knees i just i can't tell you anyway so i started training with her and then she also looked after me with nutrition but you know i'd like her to talk about that sort of stuff and i lost nine kilos i've got muscles that i never ever had before well maybe i did but not as defined my osteoarthritis in my shoulders uh is fantastic touch wood i had cortisone injections in both of my shoulders but i also have calcification in my shoulders but all of that has has basically dissipated or you know being broken down into my body um my osteoarthritis and my fingers took my nail polish off is probably the most pain i have my osteoarthritis in my knees it is still bone on bone i continue to try and work with increasing the strength and the muscle around my knee because i don't have it i don't have a lot of muscle at all i was training with belinda three times a week before my 50th because i had my goal and now i train with her twice a week everything i'm about to show you is what she has introduced to me so once we went from the mechanical knee braces and then we moved into these these are knee supports i almost never not wear them i wear them under my jeans at my 50th okay i'm going to show you a photo at my 50th i had them under my dress and i actually wore heels not that high but i wore heels but there's no way i was going to attempt that without wearing my knee supports and i knew i would be dancing all night i wear a size 4 but i've also bought a size 3 and i changed the color because with the weight loss these are just a little bit firmer but sometimes they feel too tight it depends how i am feeling too whether how much fluid is going through my body whether i'm bloated not and i swap between the two everything i'm about to talk about you will have direct links in the description below i ice my knees every night even when i don't train i get my feet up on my pillow elevate or i literally they're iced and get them above my head because you want all that blood to flow down and flow around and all around the knee get it all going because i've got so much still so much inflammation around the knee and then every other night or when the pain is just a little bit too overbearing i use my tens machine again belinda recommended all of this for me you just put a little bit of water there and there and then that just goes literally around your knee like this and i do it in bed and if i'm going to read or watch some netflix i don't know read and then i elevate my leg and i was only doing this on my right knee but belinda said make sure you alternate because what it does it just stimulates the nerve and it can literally take the pain away immediately so do that when i need it and you've got four different settings and you can raise the intensity be careful make sure you read it properly because there's one where it goes until it's about 10 minutes then it starts going this is and if you've got that on 20 i remember going down turn it down because it was too much make sure you read the instructions properly you know what's interesting is because i also have an osteopath that i see who's actually he's an energy healer he's a spiritual man and um he also works a little bit with my knees but i remember when i first went when all this happened and i went and saw him and i was just so doom and gloom and my gosh you know what i'm telling them what the doctors have said and now they've said gosh your left knee is worse than your right knee and he said i okay and the right knee was the one that i collapsed on he goes to kelly how how's your left knee i'm like left knee's great left knee's fantastic he goes and your left knee is worse than your right knee and that was a really good mental shift for me it's like you're right so i'm just going to rehab this one back and that's what i'm doing i have been rehabilitating my knees for almost two years and it's it i don't stop this is not going to stop this will go on and on yes my future is a double knee replacement i know that i can't change that but what is changing is technology and science and the way they do things now so if i can just prolong it a little bit more i don't know how much longer who knows what will be available rather than what they might be doing today in two years five years maybe the research will be so much more advanced and less intrusive who knows i take magnesium every night i take three magnesium every night i use when i'm in extra pain i spray on my magnesium joint spray one other thing which you know i can feel this i can feel it when i walk i cannot go out for a walk with the family wearing what i used to wear which would be all my golden goose beautiful golden goose see that totally flat if i go out and walk in these for more than 10 minutes my knees start to hurt and that's with my knees support so belinda introduced me to hoka these hockey shoes i train in these shoes if i go for long walks with the family i wear them they cushion my every step if you suffer from arthritis in your knees your shoes are so important and also just all your exercise exercise keep them moving keep them moving you know i danced for four months every day until i turned 50. i thought oh my god what am i going to do to my knees but it was the best thing for my knees you can see that on my instagram they're all on my reels all right that's it i hope that you have gained something new or some sort of support system that you can apply to your pain with your arthritis there's so much we can do and can i just say this is an investment you invest you buy a house you invest you buy a car none of that matters if you don't have your health if you if you're not around to enjoy it put that investment into you this is it you know health is wealth as my husband says i really hope you've enjoyed this video and got a few tips from this that can help you with your pain threshold don't forget to subscribe and i'll see you in my next video bye my fingers and oh i need to take that nail polish off you | MeMore by Kelly Nahama | UCyVnYOhYVGpz89OcJ2uHXiA | 2021-07-26 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 3,017 | 14,874 |
OyGn3w3JtiM | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OyGn3w3JtiM | Wizard101 Solo Death Walkthrough #170 | UFOs and Bows | hello and welcome back to the craft box my name is Brenton today when if you start 170 of the wizard101 death walkthrough last episode if you haven't checked it out already we defeated Belloc version 3 and continued with the twin giants and today we're talking to you good work well you take them up I open the path for you this tunnel will take you into the heart of the Pyramid of the falling star challenge the shadow Queen and stop her ritual ok so this is going to be a very long episode already because we're going to basically get up until shibaura so we're going to be finishing off all of the flooding of the twin Giants today so yeah it's gonna take away well and I'll probably skip a lot of the battles for example this one here so I'll be back in just a bit ok I am back and we okay maybe we have to go this way yeah I've done yeah okay that's weird weird oK you've made it all this way by yourself you really are the head of the class aren't you it's fitting I suppose you saw Mirror Lake shatter so it's just as well that you see us travel to the comet shibaura step up Horicon call open the portal here is the story of the beginning when there was not one lizard not one fish not one mountain only the sky and the sea only the three great spirits and the shadow to see babe I call to the place of fear I call to open the path to the sky for the shadow Queen in her terrible glory the horn has called come let us prepare for the sky to fall Horicon you may destroy the wizard if you choose let the winds tear you down and send you to the nine levels of the underworld okay here's a storm oh that's gonna be fun to do let us put in some fines and sum all these and we are going to do but just because we can okay hello and myth oh gosh oh golly golly gosh earthquake galore okay we're gonna do this straight off the bat because he's probably gonna do something kind of crazy wouldn't be surprised to be honest he might also do something kind of crazy nope - well that's fine we've dealt with a lot of those in our past didn't even cry oh so that's fine but this guy hello who woke up kinta ok then that's fine just before she Oded I mean it wasn't probably gonna do too much about do anything now which is good ok so they're both other pups which is fantastic we can faint you and just chill for a bit because we shouldn't be worried they can't do too much too soon okay related note accuracy uh-huh what else can we do we don't need you we would prefer a another faint that's nice I was hoping for an enchanted one potent but that's also fun [Music] okay what's this amplify note for fight weird blue I mean yeah let's stop writing about we need some blood so do that start bleeding okay what's this this doesn't still even with an accuracy what okay that makes sense another blade sure two blades here you can earthquake notice that's slightly worrying mmm okay can't use you we are going to shield just for fun because storms getting a lot of hurts and I don't know what the methods gonna do because he can earthquake he did not earthquake of the earthquakes no okay she won't go frog that is fine that's fine yeah earthquake though that's not fine [Music] but do not much hundred probably this could do it better hello I love the spelt like seriously they seriously look it's kind of funny gotta get to at minus 50 somehow what else can we do Oh do that that's cheeky we can and shine you which is very chanting we will do this because why not you know why not we can triple Fame I mean we can so that's good this is probably okay I wasn't speaking that it's doing that trap but that's fine do a bit of damage take off that thing hurt sounds good [Music] okay two blades three faints probably bubble did that and then I think we'll hit with a mmm I'm thinking a scarecrow thinking a crow thinking a crow so he can get some health back I've started to put a crow and I've got a crow on a deer night um so yeah we might actually play it again yes we're not dead yet so that's fine we can chill for a bit that's another blade sounds good three blades is always nice [Music] nice strong blood there he's definitely gonna utilize that one trick to do don't need you don't need you we might go for a nice we heal let's do that sounds good if we cry we should kill the minion pretty sure we might kill them in any way but it would be great but no we don't get a current of course so much jeez triple boots are great you could probably just save up for a whatsit scored you know we don't need you anymore 6000 yeah we probably can just blow it up for a bit we're gonna put you up just because we can stay a bit safe [Music] hello sirens just as well we have then otherwise we have lost two blades that's good okay I won't do too much yeah the worst of it was a yeah minus 50 well that's fine we can work around that um with blades I really need to start putting in extra faints because they come in handy still not used to having posion and sharpened blades it okay that's cool just enfeeble me that's fine yes definitely not okay boy not okay oh we have another faint that's nice that's nice that's nice up there faint okay don't hurt it over and chant you and draw note we don't have anything else in there we put up this blade I think we need one extra shopping but I'm not sure he knows yep we go to shopping okay we are going to put this up and then I mean we can't really kill so I'm gonna have to reshuffle probably unless we hit an India night which could work we might do that actually it will cut and then follow up with a dinner oh thank you thank you that's so good that's a good that's a good okay we can go head necks don't you dare on people again good okay um yes yes we will do this while we're out of college so we have to do something might as well do this it felt the most image so we'll do this one week right here would definitely they did but if we don't you may not be can we nope okay that's cool that works all you might just be did if not here's like no no [Music] yes we do look fantastic [Music] okay then um not too bad what's this what is these don't know um I'll let us hit on by it and I think we're gonna leave a lot yeah it should be great bump bump bump it up bump it up but where are we going this way if all the way back down here ah I don't like down here how much we're like so oh my God we're so close to levelling up 4,000 well much does this give us 5,000 we leveled up we've live what up boys we're gonna be level 90 level 90 holy shizzle that's impressive the level 90 already I'm impressed I'm happy I'm happy your tails shudders my spirit there is no way to survive on that I know yet we must get you there if there was a chance you can still stop the shadow Queen hurry to the Jaguar Oracle turquoise water Sun in the floating mountains perhaps she knows okay that's cool live on 90 that's amazing so yeah we pretty good that is I makes you really happy about that like I'm excited where are we going all the floating mountains we are the twin Giants that makes complete sense you maybe don't need that Eagle transformation that's for sure how's this a bit annoying but that's fine one minute all but there's annoying but you know we'll deal with it frost flower yes hello thank you where is this person no idea okie dokie see you guys you guys are annoying hello a shadow Queens horn call to see Baba did it not I had a dream of you flying through the night sky as a spear of light following the shadow Queen to the stars the oldest us deca stores built the Kaman celestial bows to defend Azteca against the coming of Shah Baba in my vision you use the night came on celestial bow for your transformation tell this to Queen Chaska of the winged tooths should have left a mark good job I can't let us get on back up doo doo doo doo doo I did say this is gonna be a long episode so yeah cuz I know it's already being it probably quite long because at the hospital it wasn't particularly quick but that's just death for you and we still got a lot to go so yeah you're in for the long haul most of us just talking though so it's fine not too bad let's go this way sounds good 31 seconds oh my running out of this Eagle transformation it's such a shame you know oh well don't really need it anyway it's not important um hello Jessica oh I never knew that what that old relic was the path to the night came and celestial bow is blocked by the white-hot stairs they are heated by an underground source there is a wild Jaguar nests a wild savage paw who dwells in the area he is said to know the secret pointin to keep your feet safe find the cave of laser while Savage part in the malachite giant and make him teach you the secret of the ointment okay so I'll be back once I actually know he's gonna have dialogues when he hears we'll hit over there and then I will probably Cutlass better just because hospitals are kind of boring at the moment because they're just the same he doesn't cheat so yeah it's just boring boss meadow over here we are going to quickly put in an extra couple faints and one two to do this put them two of you and two of you I'm gonna start like crowding my dick apart but I think it's probably best to be able to get enough boost boost's okay let us hear on him and then we will cut once he's spoken because yeah yeah Bam Bam Bam Bam prompt I won't kill you but I will keep one of your feet that's a lucky charm okay I'll be back in just a bit once I have defeated this guy okay I am back we are just hitting wasn't too bad hallo Catalan we might fizzle now yeah wasn't too bad I got the minion out kind of quit betting them tables they probably can wouldn't be surprised people here like twin people a lot so just be careful of that yeah so yeah yeah yeah 117 okay that did so much thanks for those two shields it didn't cause it which is a surprise because usually we just puzzled no matter what even if we don't have a - 50 what we didn't so that's always good okay well let's see how much this stuff we also crit skip hard to kill the many enemy currents I did a lot and the boss was nearly dead but now it's definitely good sir that's great there we go fantastic full health again amazing well fought magician you need to know how to scale the White Hart stairs here let me show you how to make this secret ointment it will keep your paws safe as you climb the White Hart stairs okay um I'll let us talk to Jessica dawn our or down out adorn our year dawn once more I really hate this design it doesn't let you throw that in one small bit and it's like the closest bit so yeah it's kind of annoying kind of annoying not gonna lie okay let us run back down to the queen who is all the way over here it's like running forwards and backwards between these people this place reminds me of the turian gorge and chrysalis just saying yes you just think about that one for a sec he showed you how to make the ointment excellent quickly head up the white-hot stairs to find the night came and celestial bow I'm sure it will be obvious how you use it it's the end of the world as we know that is a very long quest title they had to like change the font so much the font size one point I don't know I don't know the T no pretend for it I'm not that smart but like it's like will say this is like TN this is probably like six yeah that's cool yeah it's a long title long cuidado anyway up here finally oh my gosh a bit of lag there hello nice wheat a lot of all there you're not sure Queen Jessica is right about how easy this thing is to use your certain no one can use it at the moment whatever gives it its power is clearly missing mmm [Music] but yeah this is a really cool place you get a very big view of everything yeah a nice sweet view of the floating mountains over there back here this sometimes there's a silver chest there so yeah if you want to purchase that's a good place to find one just saying let us head on back down again to the Queen we're actually nearly finished and it hasn't been too long I'm surprised I thought this if it was gonna be really long but we're just rocketing through this stuff also helps that I cut out a bit I mean I still haven't been recording for very long not even an hour yet so I'm impressed the margins don't need some missing I am at a loss with the managin stone I'm sure the magic of the celestial ball will not work and we will be doing I like how they just gave us 17,000 XP just for literally going up the white-hot steps and looking at the bow it's kind of funny you need to see the three mystics who first summoned you to a stake up and ask if they have any last ideas speak to pack I read masks in the zocalo definitely definitely marking down on this a long way away hey um okay hello please Pakal this is our second last time talking to you I think ever it's so sad so sad so so sad oh my gosh I can't believe it magician we have been hoping you return it's just me does the Comanche Baba seem bigger and brighter than before that's because of the Sun the night came in celestial ball ah what a wonderfully inconceivable notion but the mana gemstone is lost have you tricked this storm came in celestial bow and mangrove marsh that's the only other still standing relic I know I know still standing is being overly gracious however go examine it and see if the manage M stone can be salvaged Oh seventy thousand that's impressive uh okay let us get on up here over to you among native Marsh I really love how they just shove everything in mangrove Marshalls some widows won't let you're just like yeah who's gonna shove it in the marsh just shove it in the swamp you know we're just gonna continue going back there just because everything's over there you know because that makes complete sense why not go to like somewhere different like the floating mountains again or something cold but nope we just have to go here all the time that's fun Rahm Tova sorry where are we going I don't actually really remember where this is didn't realize I was in Tula village oh is this that's over here hello my favorite place I didn't still standing he said not entirely disintegrated would be more accurate you poked and prodded this mana gemstone is missing too however there are deep tracks leading from the ruins into that cave oh who doesn't some told you it oh by the way this cm oh speaking of that there's someone on twin Giants I'll get that this episode I'll get that after we've finished us boss or back in there that would be a great to get because then we can get it get some more XP be nearly level 91 by the nearly new level 91 yard by the time we go into chrysalis that would be cool another storm boss hello you're gonna say anything we don't actually need to check our date much anymore sure okay I'll be back in just a second once I've defeated these guys okay I am back hopefully we should have him well here I think it's anxia her she had a very female sounding voice so we're gonna set sir yeah we yeah yeah we'll just leave it of that and took a little life but made a few mistakes but you know where does Roslin level 70 ruslan new queen oh that juicy damaged thousand years boy nearly died twice so that was fun yeah okay Cobra yesterday's the end of the world as you know it you can feel a tremendous surge of energy when you pick up the managin stone that's good let's go back to Picard and I think we're nearly at the time when we go and actually get into shamova which will be next episode the in Vevey sticker or the end of the world as we know it because it will be because we'll be then able to be good and being chrysalis and there's a whole different cupcake don't think anyone who said that excellent news don't even think that's the thing what it is now Perry magician take them on a gemstone to the night came in celestial bow upon the malachite giant why would they give me a balanced school only thing from a quest that is a good question question hi I'm so funny from our understanding it will transform you and make you ascend to the Stars good luck why why why why did that give me a balance thing I am very confused let's Google that because usually those sort of things they give you a school specific thing and not a different school but no it is just that don't school only one okay that is kind of weird not often there happens oh by Kelsey yeah usually it's like one for each school and effort isn't it's not something that is like a specific school but apparently that's not the case in this place that rhymed as well I must be a poet but I didn't actually know it I can rhyme anytime where is the celestial bow let's go and craft a okay I'm gonna stop I'm not that good at rhyming I'm not even gonna say that I am because I'm not I think yeah basically once we've been at the bow I should know this is the quiz that basically goes on to Chipotle talked enough to meet the Sun the ending over sticker as we know it you swap the mana gemstone into place the whole area rocks with a deep vibration accompanied by a strong scent of ozone the comet does a bigger and meaner but the statues eyes seem to angrily track it across the sky okay that's really cool it's not actually pointing at the comet because solar there but you know what we're not going to question that we're quickly going to find the last UFO which I have a guide to exactly where that is that's cold and then we'll get that finished head over to prospectors eat and then we'll end off the episode and next time we will be heading into Shah Baba that's gonna be a funny - so doc I actually can't wait to record that because Chihuahua is like one of their hardest dungeons in my opinion that I've been through I haven't done much of personalist so yeah I'm only a particular engorge so don't judge me oh gosh that was close actually I don't think it is no it's not even yet good girlfriend but yeah it's one of like it's like quite hard especially the last boss but I really love the story and I listen to it like yeah on my life and my storm I had to do it like a couple of times because I was bad I still am bad but like I was really bad and I kind of died a lot which is fun there we go there is the last UFO so it is just behind the thing behind this wee little the sacred door that you don't know what's behind but um there's obviously something behind there it's just a wood another connection I believe um but anyway let us head on back over to prospector Zeke and that and then next time we will head up to Shah Baba and finally two feet Morgan's just kidding because we don't do that until Christmas yay oh another world giveaway great way to start a Simba finding out that you don't actually defeat me Morgan's them to later great video let us talk to prospectors sleep yellow you probably best not tell anyone that you saw on those UFOs no one's likely to believe there we go another training point and 600d gold as ticker Explorer and a bit more XP 35,000 and the fact we've also got a legendary explorer now which is fantastic so yeah we're going to end off the episode here and next time we will be doing cool things and finishing as ticker so yeah thank you for watching remember to leave a like and subscribe and if reverse subscribe personally Lavelle so you know exactly when I purchase another video and remember craft outside the box [Music] | The Craft Box | UCB0iXWdoD49mj3ySdkYMk6w | 2017-12-01 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 3,830 | 19,295 |
1KiLz0didsI | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1KiLz0didsI | Outline of Science, Vol 1 (Solo) | J. Arthur Thomson | *Non-fiction, Nature, Science | 1/7 | introduction to the outline of science this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit librivox.org this recording is by mark smith of simpsonville south carolina the outline of science a plain story simply told edited by j arthur thompson introductory note was it not the great philosopher and mathematician leibniz who said that the more knowledge advances the more it becomes impossible to condense it into little books now this outline of science is certainly not a little book and yet it illustrates part of the meaning of leibniz's wise saying for here within reasonable compass there is a library of little books an outline of many sciences it will be profitable to the student in proportion to the discrimination with which it is used for it is not in the least meant to be of the nature of an encyclopedia giving condensed and comprehensive articles with a big full stop at the end of each nor is it a collection of primers beginning at the very beginning of each subject and working methodically onwards that is not the idea what then is the aim of this book it is to give the intelligent student citizen otherwise called the man in the street a bunch of intellectual keys by which to open doors which have been hitherto shut to him partly because he got no glimpse of the treasures behind the doors and partly because the portals were made for bidding by an unnecessary display of technicalities laying aside conventional modes of treatment and seeking rather to open up the subject as one might on a walk with a friend the work offers the student what might be called informal introductions to the various departments of knowledge to put it another way the articles are meant to be clues which the reader may follow till he has left his starting point very far behind perhaps when he has gone far on his own he will not be ungrateful to the simple book of instructions to travelers which this outline of science is intended to be the simple bibliographies appended to the various articles will be enough to indicate first books each article is meant to be an invitation to an intellectual adventure and the short lists of books are merely finger posts for the beginning of the journey we confess to being greatly encouraged by the reception that has been given to the english serial issue of the outline of science it has been very hardy we might almost say enthusiastic for we agree with professor john dewey that the future of our civilization depends upon the widening spread and deepening hold of the scientific habit of mind and we hope that this is what the outline of science makes for information is all to the good interesting information is better still but best of all is the education of the scientific habit of mind another modern philosopher professor l t hobhouse has declared that the evolutionist mundane goal is the mastery by the human mind of the conditions internal as well as external of its life and growth under the influence of this conviction the outline of science has been written for life is not for science but science for life and even more than science to our way of thinking is the individual development of the scientific way of looking at things science is our legacy we must use it if it is to be our very own introduction there is abundant evidence of a widened and deepened interest in modern science how could it be otherwise when we think of the magnitude and the eventfulness of recent advances but the interest of the general public would be even greater than it is if the makers of new knowledge were more willing to expound their discoveries in ways that could be understanded of the people no one objects very much to technicalities in a game or on board a yacht and they are clearly necessary for terrorist and precise scientific description it is certain however that they can be reduced to a minimum without sacrificing accuracy when the subject in view is to explain the gist of the matter so this outline of science is meant for the general reader who lacks both time and opportunity for special study and yet would take an intelligent interest in the progress to science which is making the world always new the story of the triumphs of modern science is one of which man may well be proud science reads the secret of the distant star and anatomizes the atom foretells the date of the comet's return and predicts the kinds of chickens that will hatch from a dozen eggs discovers the laws of the wind that bloweth where it listeth and reduces to order the disorder of disease science is always setting forth on columbus voyages discovering new worlds and conquering them by understanding for knowledge means foresight and foresight means power the idea of evolution has influenced all the sciences forcing us to think of everything as with a history behind it for we have traveled far since darwin's day the solar system the earth the mountain ranges and the great deeps the rocks and crystals the plants and animals man himself and his social institutions all must be seen as the outcome of a long process of becoming there are some 80 odd chemical elements on the earth today and it is now much more than a suggestion that these are the outcome of an inorganic evolution element giving rise to element going back and back to some primeval stuff from which they were all originally derived infinitely long ago no idea has been so powerful a tool in the fashioning of new knowledge as this simple but profound idea of evolution that the present is the child of the past and the parent of the future and with the picture of a continuity of evolution from nebula to social systems comes a promise of an increasing control a promise that man will become not only a more accurate student but a more complete master of his world it is characteristic of modern science that the whole world is seen to be more vital than before everywhere there has been a passage from the static to the dynamic thus the new revelations of the constitution of matter which we owe to the discoveries of men like professor sir j.j thompson professor sir ernest rutherford and professor frederick saudi have shown the very dust to have a complexity and an activity heretofore unimagined such phrases as dead matter and inert matter have gone by the board the new theory of the atom amounts almost to a new conception of the universe it bids fair to reveal to us many of nature's hidden secrets the atom is no longer the indivisible particle of matter it was once understood to be we now know that there is an atom within the atom that what we thought was elementary can be dissociated and broken up the present-day theories of the atom and the constitution of matter are the outcome of the comparatively recent discovery of such things as radium the x-rays and the wonderful revelations of such instruments as the spectroscope and other highly perfected scientific instruments the advent of the electron theory has thrown a flood of light on what before was hidden or only dimly guessed at it has given us a new conception of the framework of the universe we are beginning to know and realize of what matter is made and what electric phenomena mean we can glimpse the vast stores of energy locked up in matter the new knowledge has much to tell us about the origin and phenomena not only of our own planet but other planets of the stars and the sun new light is thrown on the source of the sun's heat we can make more than guesses as to its probable age the great question today is is there one primordial substance from which all the varying forms of matter have been evolved but the discovery of electrons is only one of the revolutionary changes which give modern science and entrancing interest as in chemistry and physics so in the science of living creatures there have been recent advances that have changed the whole prospect a good instance is afforded by the discovery of the hormones or chemical messengers which are produced by ductless glands such as the thyroid the supra-renal and the pituitary and are distributed throughout the body by the blood the work of physiologists like professor starling and professor bayless has shown that these chemical messengers regulate what may be called the pace of the body and bring about that regulated harmony and smoothness of working which we know is health it is not too much to say that the discovery of hormones has changed the whole of physiology our knowledge of the human body far surpasses that of the past generation the persistent patients of microscopists and technical improvements like the ultra microscope have greatly increased our knowledge of the invisible world of life to the bacteria of a past generation have been added to multitude of microscopic animal microbes such as that which causes sleeping sickness the life histories and the weird ways of many important parasites have been unraveled and here again knowledge means mastery to a degree which has almost surpassed expectations there has been a revelation of the intricacy of the stones and mortar of the house of life and the microscopic study of germ cells has wonderfully supplemented the epic making experimental study of heredity which began with mendel it goes without saying that no one can call himself educated who does not understand the central and simple ideas of mentalism and other new departures in biology the procession of life through the ages and the factors in the sublime movement the peopling of the earth by plants and animals and the linking of life to life in subtle interrelations such as those between flowers and their insect visitors the life histories of individual types and the extraordinary results of the new inquiry called experimental embryology these also are among the subjects with which this outline will deal the behavior of animals is another fascinating study leading to a provisional picture of the dawn of mind indeed no branch of science surpasses an interest that which deals with the ways and habits the truly wonderful devices adaptations and instincts of insects birds and mammals we no longer deny a degree of intelligence to some members of the animal world even the line between intelligence and reason is sometimes difficult to find contacts between physiology and the study of man's mental life precise studies of the ways of children and wild peoples and new methods like those of the psychoanalyst must also receive the attention they deserve for they are giving us a new psychology and the claims of psychical research must also be recognized by the open-minded the general aim of the outline is to give the reader a clear and concise view of the essentials of present-day science so that he may follow with intelligence the modern advance and share appreciatively in man's continued conquest of his kingdom signed j arthur thompson end of introduction the first part of chapter one of the outline of science this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit librivox.org this recording is by mark smith of simpsonville south carolina the outline of science edited by j arthur thompson chapter 1 the romance of the heavens first part the scale of the universe the solar system the story of the triumphs of modern science naturally opens with astronomy the picture of the universe which the astronomer offers to us is imperfect the lines he traces are often fate and uncertain there are many problems which have been solved there are just as many about which there is doubt and notwithstanding our great increase in knowledge there remain just as many which are entirely unsolved the problem of the structure and duration of the universe said the great astronomer simon newcomb is the most far-reaching with which the mind has to deal its solution may be regarded as the ultimate object of stellar astronomy the possibility of reaching which has occupied the minds of thinkers since the beginning of civilization before our time the problem could be considered only from the imaginative or the speculative point of view although we can today attack it to a limited extent by scientific methods it must be admitted that we have scarcely taken more than the first step towards the actual solution what is the duration of the universe in time is it fitted to last forever in its present form or does it contain within itself the seeds of dissolution must it in the course of time and we know not how many millions of ages be transformed into something very different from what it now is this question is intimately associated with the question whether the stars form a system if they do we may suppose that system to be permanent in its general features if not we must look further for our conclusions the heavenly bodies the heavenly bodies fall into two very distinct classes so far as their relation to our earth is concerned the one class a very small one comprises a sort of colony of which the earth is a member these bodies are called planets or wanderers there are eight of them including the earth and they all circle around the sun their names in the order of their distance from the sun are mercury venus earth mars jupiter saturn uranus neptune and of these mercury the nearest to the sun is rarely seen by the naked eye uranus is practically invisible and neptune quite so these eight planets together with the sun constitute as we have said a sort of little colony this colony is called the solar system the second class of heavenly bodies are those which lie outside the solar system every one of those glittering points we see on a starlit night is at an immensely greater distance from us than is any member of the solar system yet the members of this little colony of ours judged by terrestrial standards are at enormous distances from one another if a shell were shot in a straight line from one side of neptune's orbit to the other it would take five hundred years to complete its journey yet this distance the greatest in the solar system is now known accepting the far swing of some of the comets is insignificant compared to the distances of the stars one of the nearest stars to the earth that we know of is alpha centauri estimated to be some 25 million millions of miles away sirius the brightest star in the firmament is double this distance from the earth we must imagine the colony of planets to which we belong as a compact little family swimming in an immense void at distances which would take our shell not hundreds but millions of years to traverse we reached the stars or rather a star for the distances between stars are as great as the distances between the nearest of them and our sun the earth the planet on which we live is a mighty globe bounded by a crust of rock many miles in thickness the great volumes of water which we call our oceans lie in the deeper hollows of the crust above the surface an ocean of invisible gas the atmosphere rises to a height of about 300 miles getting thinner and thinner as it ascends except when the winds rise to a high speed we seem to live in a very tranquil world at night when the glare of the sun passes out of our atmosphere the stars and planets seem to move across the heavens with a stately and solemn slowness it was one of the first discoveries of modern astronomy that this movement is only apparent the apparent creeping of the stars across the heavens at night is accounted for by the fact that the earth turns upon its axis once in every 24 hours when we remember the size of the earth we see that this implies a prodigious speed in addition to this the earth revolves around the sun at a speed of more than a thousand miles a minute its path around the sun year in year out measures about 580 million miles the earth is held closely to this path by the gravitational pull of the sun which has a mass 333 432 times that of the earth if at any moment the sun ceased to exert this pull the earth would instantly fly off into space straight in the direction in which it was moving at the time that is to say at a tangent this tendency to fly off at a tangent is continuous it is the balance between it and the sun's pull which keeps the earth to our almost circular orbit in the same way the seven other planets are held to their orbits circling around the earth in the same way as the earth circles around the sun is our moon sometimes the moon passes directly between us and the sun and cuts off the light from us we then have a total or partial eclipse of the sun at other times the earth passes directly between the sun and the moon and causes an eclipse of the moon the great ball of the earth naturally trails a mighty shadow across space and the moon is eclipsed when it passes into this the other seven planets five of which have moons of their own circle around the sun as the earth does the sun's mass is immensely larger than that of all the planets put together and all of them would be drawn into it and perish if they did not travel rapidly rounded in gigantic orbits so the eight planets spinning around on their axes followed their fixed paths around the sun the planets are secondary bodies but they are most important because they are the only globes in which there can be life as we know life if we could be transported in some magical way to an immense distance in space above the sun we should see our solar system as it is drawn in the accompanying diagram except that the planets would be mere specks faintly visible in the light which they receive from the sun this diagram is drawn approximately to scale if we move still farther away trillions of miles away the planets would fade entirely out of view and the sun would shrink into a point of fire a star and here you begin to realize the nature of the universe the sun is a star the stars are suns our sun looks big simply because of its comparative nearness to us the universe is a stupendous collection of millions of stars or suns many of which may have planetary families like ours the scale of the universe how many stars are there a glance at a photograph of star clouds will tell it once that is quite impossible to count them the fine photograph reproduced in figure 2 represents a very small patch of that pale white belt the milky way which spans the sky at night it is true that this is a particularly rich area of the milky way but the entire belt of light has been resolved in this way into masses or clouds of stars astronomers have counted the stars in typical districts here and there and from these partial counts we get some idea of the total number of stars there are estimated to be between two and three thousand million stars yet these stars are separated by inconceivable distances from each other and it is one of the greatest triumphs of modern astronomy to have mastered so far the scale of the universe for several centuries astronomers have known the relative distances from each other of the sun and the planets if they could discover the actual distance of any one planet from any other they could at once tell all the distances within the solar system the sun is on the latest measurements at an average distance of 92 million eight hundred thirty thousand miles from the earth for as the orbit of the earth is not a true circle this distance varies this means that in six months from now the earth will be right at the opposite side of its path around the sun or 185 million miles away from where it is now viewed or photographed from two positions so wide apart the nearest stars show a tiny shift against the background of the most distant stars and that is enough for the mathematician he can calculate the distance of any star near enough to show this shift we have found that the nearest star to earth a recently discovered star is 25 trillion miles away only 30 stars are known to be within 100 trillion miles of us this way of measuring does not however take us very far away in the heavens there were only a few hundred stars within 500 trillion miles of the earth and at that distance the shift of a star against the background parallax the astronomer calls it is so minut that figures are very uncertain at this point the astronomer takes up a new method he learns the different types of stars and then he is able to deduce more or less accurately the distance of a star of a known type from its faintness he of course has instruments for gauging their light as a result of twenty years work in this field it is now known that the more distant stars of the milky way are at least a hundred thousand trillion miles away from the sun our sun is in a more or less central region of the universe or a few hundred trillion miles from the actual center the remainder of the stars which are all outside our solar system are spread out apparently in an enormous disc-like collection so vast that even a ray of light which travels at the rate of 186 000 miles a second would take fifty thousand years to travel from one end of it to the other this then is what we call our universe are there other universes why do we say our universe why not the universe it is now believed by many of our most distinguished astronomers that our colossal family of stars is only one of many universes by a universe an astronomer means any collection of stars which are close enough to control each other's movements by gravitation and it is clear that there might be many universes in this sense separated from each other by profound abysses of space probably there are for a long time we have been familiar with certain strange objects in the heavens which are called spiral nebulae we shall see at a later stage what a nebula is and we shall see that some astronomers regard the spiral nebulae as worlds in the making but some of the most eminent astronomers believe that they are separate universes island universes they call them or great collections of millions of stars like our universe there are certain peculiarities in the structure of the milky way which lead these astronomers to think that our universe may be a spiral nebula and that the other spiral nebulae are other universes vast as is the solar system then it is excessively minut in comparison with a stellar system the universe of the stars which is on a scale far transcending anything the human mind can apprehend the solar system the sun but now let us turn to the solar system and consider the members of our own little colony within the solar system there are a large number of problems that interest us what is the size mass and distance of each of the planets what satellites like our moon do they possess what are their temperatures and those other sporadic members of our system comets and meteors what are they what are their movements how do they originate and the sun itself what is its composition what is the source of its heat how did it originate is it running down these last questions introduce us to a branch of astronomy which is concerned with the physical constitution of the stars a study which not so very many years ago may well have appeared inconceivable but the spectroscope enables us to answer even these questions and the answer opens up questions of yet greater interest we find that the stars can be arranged in an order of development that there are stars at all stages of their life history the main lines of the evolution of the stellar universe can be worked out in the sun and stars we have furnaces with temperatures enormously high it is in such conditions that substances are resolved into their simplest forms and it is thus we are enabled to obtain a knowledge of the most primitive forms of matter it is in this direction that the spectroscope which we shall refer to immediately has helped us so much it is to this wonderful instrument that we owe our knowledge of the composition of the sun and stars as we shall see that the spectroscope will detect the millionth of a milligram of matter and on that account has discovered new elements commands are admiration but when we find in addition that it will detect the nature of forms of matter trillions of miles away and moreover that it will measure the velocities with which these forms of matter are moving with an absurdly small percent of possible error we can easily acquiesce in the statement that it is the greatest instrument ever devised by the brain and hand of man such are some of the questions with which modern astronomy deals to answer them requires the employment of instruments of almost incredible refinement and exactitude and also the full resources of mathematical genius whether astronomy be judged from the point of view of the phenomena studied the vast masses the immense distances the eons of time or whether it be judged as a monument of human ingenuity patience and the rarest type of genius it is certainly one of the grandest as it is also one of the oldest of the sciences the solar system in the solar system we include all those bodies dependent on the sun which circulate around it at various distances deriving their light and heat from the sun the planets and their moons certain comets and a multitude of meteors in other words all bodies whose movements in space are determined by the gravitational pull of the sun the sun thanks to our wonderful modern instruments and the ingenious methods used by astronomers we have today a remarkable knowledge of the sun look at the figure of the sun in the frontispiece the picture represents an eclipse of the sun the dark body of the moon has screened the sun's shining disk and taken the glare out of our eyes we see a silvery halo surrounding the great orb on every side it is the sun's atmosphere or crown corona stretching for millions of miles into space in the form of a soft silvery looking light probably much of its light is sunlight reflected from particles of dust although the spectroscope shows an element in the corona that has not so far been detected anywhere else in the universe and which in consequence has been named coronium we next noticed in the illustration that at the base of the halo there are red flames peeping out from the edges of the hidden disc when one remembers that the sun is 866 000 miles in diameter one hardly needs to be told that these flames are really gigantic we shall see what they are presently regions of the sun the astronomer has divided the sun into definite concentric regions or layers these layers envelop the nucleus or central body of the sun somewhat as the atmosphere envelops our earth it is through these vapor layers that the bright white body of the sun is seen of the innermost region the heart or nucleus of the sun we know almost nothing the central body or nucleus is surrounded by a brilliantly luminous envelope or layer of vaporous matter which is what we see when we look at the sun and which the astronomer calls the photosphere above that is overlying the photosphere there is a second layer of glowing gases which is known as the reversing layer this layer is cooler than the underlying photosphere it forms a veil of smoke-like haze and is up from 500 to 1000 miles in thickness a third layer or envelope immediately lying over the last one is the region known as the chromosphere the chromosphere extends from 5000 to 10 thousand miles in thickness a sea of red tumultuous surging fire chief among the glowing gases is the vapor of hydrogen the intense white heat of the photosphere beneath shines through this layer overpowering its brilliant redness from the uppermost portion of the chromosphere great fiery tongues of glowing hydrogen and calcium vapor shoot out for many thousands of miles driven outward by some prodigious expulsive force it is these red prominences which are such a notable feature in the picture of the eclipse of the sun already referred to during the solar eclipse of 1919 one of these red flames rose in less than seven hours from a height of one hundred thirty thousand miles to more than five hundred thousand miles above the sun's surface this immense column of red hot gas four or five times the thickness of the earth was soaring upward at the rate of sixty thousand miles an hour these flaming jets or prominences shooting out from the chromosphere are not to be seen every day by the naked eye the dazzling light of the sun obscures them gigantic as they are they can be observed however by the spectroscope any day and they are invisible to us for a very short time during an eclipse of the sun some extraordinary outbursts have been witnessed thus the late professor young described one on september 7 1871 when he had been examining a prominence by the spectroscope it had remained unchanged since noon of the previous day a long low quiet looking cloud not very dense or brilliant or in any way remarkable except for its size at 12 30 pm the professor left the spectroscope for a short time and on returning half an hour later to his observations he was astonished to find the gigantic sun flame shattered to pieces the solar atmosphere was filled with flying debris and some of these portions reached a height of one hundred thousand miles above the solar surface moving with a velocity of which even at the distance of 93 million miles was almost perceptible to the eye these fragments doubled their height in 10 minutes on january 30 1885 another distinguished solar observer the late professor takini of rome observed one of the greatest prominences ever seen by man its height was no less than 142 000 miles 18 times the diameter of the earth another mighty flame was so vast that supposing the eight large planets of the solar system ranged one on top of the other their prominence would still tower above them the fourth and uppermost layer or region is that of the corona of immense extent and fading away into the surrounding sky this we have already referred to the diagram shows the dispositions of these various layers of the sun it is through these several transparent layers that we see the white light body of the sun the surface of the sun here let us return to and see what more we know about the photosphere the sun's surface it is from the photosphere that we have gained most of our knowledge of the composition of the sun which is believed not to be a solid body examination of the photosphere shows that the outer surface is never at rest small bright cloudlets come and go in rapid succession giving the surface through contrast and luminosity a granular appearance of course to be visible at all at ninety two million eight hundred thirty thousand miles the cloud lids cannot be small they imply enormous activity in the photosphere if we might speak picturesquely the sun's surface resembles a boiling ocean of white hot metal vapors we have today a wonderful instrument which will be described later which dilutes as it were the general glare of the sun and enables us to observe these fiery eruptions at any hour the oceans of red hot gas and white hot metal vapor at the sun's surface are constantly driven by great storms some unimaginable energy streams out from the body or muscles of the sun and blows its outer layers into gigantic shreds as it were the actual temperature at the sun's surface or what appears to us to be the surface the photosphere is of course unknown but careful calculations suggest that it is from 5000 to 7000 degrees centigrade the interior is vastly hotter we can form no conception of such temperatures as must exist there not even the most obturate solid could resist such temperatures but would be converted almost instantaneously into gas but it would not be gas as we know gases on the earth the enormous pressures that exist on the sun must convert even gases into thick trickly fluids we can only infer this state of matter it is beyond our power to reproduce it sunspots it is in the brilliant photosphere that the dark areas known as sunspots appear some of these dark spots they are dark only by contrast with the photosphere surrounding them are of enormous size covering many thousands of square miles of surface what they are we cannot positively say they look like great cavities in the sun's surface some think they are giant whirlpools certainly they seem to be great whirling streams of glowing gases with vapors above them and immense upward and downward currents within them round the edges of the sun's spots rise great tons of flame perhaps the most popularly known fact about sunspots is that they are somehow connected with what we call magnetic storms on earth these magnetic storms manifest themselves in interruptions of our telegraphic and telephonic communications in violent disturbances of the mariners compass and in exceptional or rural displays the connection between the two sets of phenomena cannot be doubted even although at times there may be a great spot on the sun without any corresponding magnetic storm effects on the earth a surprising fact about sunspots is that they show definite periodic variations in number the best defined period is one of about 11 years during this period the spots increase to a maximum in number and then diminish to a minimum the variation being more or less regular this can only mean one thing to be periodic the spots must have some deep-seated connection with the fundamental facts of the sun's structure and activities looked at from this point of view their importance becomes great the aurora borealis is one of the most beautiful spectacles in the sky the colors and shape change every instant sometimes a fan like cluster of rays and other times long golden draperies gliding one over the other blue green yellow red and white combined to give a glorious display of color the theory of its origin is still in part obscure but there can be no doubt that the aurora is related to the magnetic phenomena of the earth and therefore is connected with the electrical influence of the sun it is from the study of sun spots that we have learned that the sun's surface does not appear to rotate all at the same speed the equatorial regions are rotating quicker than regions farther north or south a point 45 degrees from the equator seems to take about two and a half days longer to complete one rotation than a point on the equator this of course confirms our belief that sun cannot be a solid body what is its composition we know that there are present in a gaseous state such well-known elements as sodium iron copper zinc and magnesium indeed we know that there is practically every element in the sun that we know to be in the earth how do we know it is from this photosphere as has been said that we have won most of our knowledge of the sun the instrument used for this purpose is the spectroscope and before proceeding to deal further with the sun and the source of its energy it will be better to describe this instrument a wonderful instrument and what it reveals the spectroscope is an instrument for analyzing light so important is it in the revelations it has given us that it will be best to describe it fully every substance to be examined must first be made to glow made luminous and as nearly everything in the heavens is luminous the instrument has a great range in astronomy and when we speak of analyzing light we mean that the light may be broken up into waves of different lengths what we call light is a series of minute waves in ether and these waves are measuring them from crest to crest so to say of various lengths each wavelength corresponds to a color of the rainbow the shortest waves give us a sensation of violet color and the largest waves cause a sensation of red the rainbow in fact is a sort of natural spectrum the meaning of the rainbow is that the moisture laid in there has sorted out these waves in the sun's light according to their length now the simplest form of spectroscope is a glass prism a triangular shaped piece of glass if white light sunlight for example passes through a glass prism we see a series of rainbow tinted colors anyone can notice this effect when sunlight is shining through any kind of cut glass the stopper of a wine decanter for instance if instead of catching with the eye the colored lights as they emerge from the glass prism we allow them to fall on a screen we shall find that they pass by continuous gradations from red at the one end of the screen through orange yellow green blue and indigo to violet at the other end in other words what we call white light is composed of rays of these several colors they go to make up the effect which we call white and now just as water can be split up into its two elements oxygen and hydrogen so sunlight can be broken up into its primary colors which are those we have just mentioned this range of colors produced by the spectroscope we call the solar spectrum and these are from the spectroscopic point of view primary colors each shade of color has its definite position in the spectrum that is to say the light of each shade of color corresponding to its wavelength is reflected to a certain fixed angle on passing through the glass prism every possible kind of light has its definite position and is denoted by a number which gives the wavelength of the vibrations constituting that particular kind of light now other kinds of light besides sunlight can be analyzed light from any substance which has been made incandescent may be observed with the spectroscope in the same way and each element can be thus separated it is found that each substance in the same conditions of pressure etc gives a constant spectrum of its own each metal displays its own distinctive color it is obvious therefore that the spectrum provides the means for identifying a particular substance it was by this method that we discovered in the sun the presence of such well-known elements as sodium iron copper zinc and magnesium every chemical element known then has a distinctive spectrum of its own when it is raised to incandescence and this distinctive spectrum is as reliable a means of identification for the element as a human face is for its owner whether it is a substance glowing in the laboratory or in a remote star makes no difference to the spectroscope if the light of any substance reaches it that substance will be recognized and identified by the characteristic set of waves the spectrum of a glowing mass of gas will consist in a number of bright lines of various colors and at various intervals corresponding to each kind of gas there will be a peculiar and distinctive arrangement of bright lines but if the light from such a massive glowing gas be made to pass through a cool mass of the same gas it will be found that dark lines replace the bright lines in the spectrum the reason for this being that the cool gas absorbs the ray of light emitted by the hot gas experiments of this kind enable us to reach the important general statement that every gas when cold absorbs the same rays of light which it emits when hot crossing the solar spectrum are hundreds and hundreds of dark lines these could not at first be explained because this fact of discriminative absorption was not known we understand now the sun's white light comes from the photosphere but between us and the photosphere there is as we have seen another solar envelope of relatively cooler vapors the reversing layer each constituent element in this outer envelope stops its own kind of light that is the kind of light made by incandescent atoms of the same element in the photosphere the stoppages register themselves in the solar spectrum as dark lines placed exactly where the corresponding bright lines would have been the explanation once attained dark lines became as significant as bright lines the secret of the sun's composition was out we have found practically every element in the sun that we know to be in the earth we have identified an element in the sun before we were able to isolate it on the earth we have been able even to point to the clueless places on the sun the centers of sunspots where alone the temperature seems to have fallen sufficiently low to allow chemical compounds to form it is thus we have been able to determine what the stars comets or nebulae are made of a unique discovery in 1868 sir norman lockyer detected a light coming from the prominences of the sun which was not given by any substance known on earth and attributed this to an unknown gas which he called helium from the greek helios the sun in 1895 sir william ramsay discovered in certain minerals the same gas identified by the spectroscope we can say therefore that this gas was discovered in the sun nearly 30 years before it was found on earth this discovery of the long lost air is as thrilling a chapter in the detective story of science as any in the sensational stories of the day and makes us feel quite certain that our methods really tell us of what elements sun and stars are built up the light from the corona of the sun as we have mentioned indicates a gas still unknown on earth which has been christened coronium measuring the speed of light but this is not all soon a new use was found for the spectroscope we found that we could measure with it the most difficult of all speeds to measure speed in the line of sight movement at right angles to the direction in which one is looking is if there is sufficient of it easy to detect and if the distance of the moving body is known easy to measure but movement in the line of vision is both difficult to detect and difficult to measure yet even at the enormous distances with which astronomers have to deal the spectroscope can detect such movement and furnish data for its measurement if a luminous body containing say sodium is moving rapidly towards the spectroscope it will be found that the sodium lines in the spectrum have moved slightly from their usual definite positions towards the violet end of the spectrum the amount of the change of position increasing with the speed of the luminous body if the body is moving away from the spectroscope the shifting of the spectral lines will be in the opposite direction towards the red end of the spectrum in this way we have discovered and measured movements that otherwise would probably not have revealed themselves unmistakably to us for thousands of years in the same way we have watched and measured the speed of tremendous movements on the sun and so gained proof that the vast disturbances we should expect there actually do occur is the sun dying now let us return to our consideration of the sun to us on the earth the most patent and most astonishing fact about the sun is its tremendous energy heat and light in amazing quantities pour from it without seizing where does this energy come from enormous jets of red glowing gases can be seen shooting outwards from the sun like flames from a fire for thousands of miles does this argue fire as we know fire on the earth on this point the scientist is sure the sun is not burning and combustion is not the source of its heat combustion is a chemical reaction between atoms the conditions that make it possible are known and the results are predictable and measurable but no chemical reaction of the nature of combustion as we know it will explain the sun's energy nor indeed will any ordinary chemical reaction of any kind if the sun were composed of combustible material throughout and the conditions of combustion as we understand them were always present the sun would burn itself out in some thousands of years with marked changes in its light and heat production as the process advanced there is no evidence of such changes there is instead strong evidence that the sun has been emitting light and heat in prodigious quantities not for thousands but for millions of years every addition to our knowledge that throws light on the sun's age seems to make for increase rather than decrease of its years this makes the wonder of its energy greater and we cannot avoid the issue of the source of the energy by saying merely that the sun is gradually radiating away an energy that originated in some unknown manner a way back at the beginning of things reliable calculations show that the years required for the mere cooling of a globe like the sun could not possibly run to millions in other words the sun's energy must be subject to continuous and more or less steady renewal however it may have acquired its enormous energy in the past it must have some source of energy in the presence the best explanation that we have today of this continuous accretion of energy is that it is due to shrinkage of the sun's bulk under the force of gravity gravity is one of the most mysterious forces of nature but it is an obvious fact that bodies behave as if they attracted one another and newton worked out the law of this attraction we men say without trying to go too deeply into things that every particle of matter attracts every other throughout the universe if the diameter of the sun were to shrink by one mile all round this would mean that all the millions of tons in the outer one mile thickness would have a straight drop of one mile towards the center and that is not all because obviously the layers below this outer mile would also drop inwards each to a less degree than the one above it what a tremendous movement of matter however slowly it might take place and what a tremendous energy would be involved astronomers calculate the the above shrinkage of one mile all round would require 50 years for its completion assuming reasonably that there is close and continuous relationship between loss of heat by radiation and shrinkage even if this were true we need not feel over anxious on this theory before the sun became too cold to support life many millions of years would be required it was suggested at one time that falls of meteoric matter into the sun would account for the sun's heat this position is hardly tenable now the mere bulk of the meteoric matter required by the hypothesis apart from other reasons is against it there is undoubtedly an enormous amount of meteoric matter moving about within the bounds of the solar system but most of it seems to be following definite roots around the sun like the planets the stray erratic quantities destined to meet their doom by collision with the sun can hardly be sufficient to account for the sun's heat recent study of radioactive bodies has suggested another factor that may be working powerfully along with the force of gravitation to maintain the sun's storm of heat in radioactive bodies certain atoms seem to be undergoing disintegration these atoms appear to be splitting up into very minute and primitive constituents but since matter may be split up into such constituents may it not be built up from them the question is whether these radioactive elements are undergoing disintegration or formation in the sun if they are undergoing disintegration and the sun itself is undoubtedly radioactive then we have another source of heat for the sun that will last indefinitely end of this part of chapter one the outline of science chapter 1 part 2. this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit librivox.org this recording is by mark smith of simpsonville south carolina the outline of science edited by j arthur thompson chapter one part two the planets life in other worlds it is quite clear that there cannot be life on the stars nothing solid or even liquid can exist in such furnaces as they are life exists only on planets and even on these its possibilities are limited whether all the stars or how many of them have planetary families like our sun we cannot positively say if they have such planets would be too faint and small to be visible tens of trillions of miles away some astronomers think that our sun may be exceptional in having planets but their reasons are speculative and unconvincing probably a large proportion at least of the stars have planets and we may therefore survey the globes of our own solar system and in a general way extend the results to the rest of the universe in considering the possibility of life as we know it we may at once rule out the most distant planets from the sun uranus and neptune they are probably intrinsically too hot we may also pass over the nearest planet to the sun mercury we have reason to believe that it turns on its axis and the same period as it revolves around the sun and it must therefore always present the same side to the sun this means that the heat on the sunlit side of mercury is above boiling point while the cold on the other side must be between two and three hundred degrees below freezing point the planet venus the planet venus the bright globe which is known to all as the morning and evening star seems at first sight more promising as regards the possibility of life it is of nearly the same size as the earth and it has a good atmosphere but there are many astronomers who believe that like mercury it always presents the same face to the sun and it would therefore have the same disadvantage a broiling heat on the sunny side and the cold of space on the opposite side we are not sure the surface of venus is so bright the light of the sun is reflected to us by such dense masses of cloud and dust that it is difficult to trace any permanent markings on it and thus ascertain how long it takes to rotate on its axis many astronomers believe that they have succeeded and that the planet always turns the same face to the sun if it does we can hardly conceive of life on its surface in spite of the cloud screen we turn to mars and we must first make it clear why there is so much speculation about life on mars and why it is supposed that if there is life on mars it must be more advanced than life on the earth is there life on mars the basis of this belief is that if as we saw all the globes in our solar system are masses of metal that are cooling down the smaller will have cooled down before the larger and will be further ahead in their development now mars is very much smaller than the earth and must have cooled at its surface millions of years before the earth did hence if a story of life began on mars at all it began long before the story of life on the earth we cannot guess what sort of life forms would be evolved in a different world but we can confidently say that they would tend toward increasing intelligence and thus we are disposed to look for highly intelligent beings on mars but this argument supposes that the conditions of life namely air and water are found on mars and it is disputed whether they are found there in sufficient quantity the late professor principal lowell who made a lifelong study of mars maintained that there are hundreds of straight lines drawn across the surface of the planet and he claimed that there are beds of vegetation marking the sites of great channels or pipes by means of which the martians draw water from their polar ocean professor w h pickering another high authority thinks that the lines are long narrow marshes fed by moist winds from the poles there are certainly white polar caps on mars they seem to meld in the spring and the dark fringe around them grows sprouter other astronomers however say that they find no trace of water vapor in the atmosphere of mars and they think that the polar caps may be simply thin sheets of horfrost or frozen gas they point out that as the atmosphere of mars is certainly scanty and the distance from the sun is so great it may be too cold for the fluid water to exist on the planet if one asks why our wonderful instruments cannot settle these points one must be reminded that mars is never nearer than 34 million miles from the earth and only approaches to this distance once in 15 or 17 years the image of mars on the photographic negative taken in a big telescope is very small astronomers rely to a great extent on the eye which is more sensitive than the photographic plate but it is easy to have differences of opinion as to what the eye sees and so there is a good deal of controversy in august 1924 the planet will again be well placed for observation and we may learn more about it already a few of the much disputed lines which people wrongly call canals have been traced on photographs astronomers who are skeptical about life on mars are often not fully aware of the extraordinary adaptability of life there was a time when the climate of the whole earth from pole to pole was semi-tropical for millions of years no animal could then endure the least cold yet now we have plenty of arctic plants and animals if the cold came slowly on mars as we have reasoned to suppose the population could be gradually adapted to it on the whole it is possible that there is advanced life on mars and it is not impossible in spite of the very great difficulties of a code of communication that our elder brothers may yet flash across space the solution of many of our problems jupiter and saturn next to mars going outward from the sun is jupiter between mars and jupiter however there are more than 300 million miles of space and the older astronomers wondered why this was not occupied by a planet we now know that it contains about nine hundred planetoids or small globes of from five to five hundred miles in diameter it was at one time thought that a planet might have burst into these fragments a theory which is not mathematically satisfactory or it may be that the material which is scattered in them was prevented by the nearness of the great bulk of jupiter from uniting into one globe for jupiter is a giant planet and its gravitational influence must extend far over space it is thirteen hundred times as large as the earth and has nine moons four of which are large in attendance on it it is interesting to note that the outermost moons of jupiter and saturn revolve around these planets in a direction contrary to the usual direction taken by moons around planets and by planets around the sun but there is no life on jupiter the surface which we see in photographs is a mass of cloud or steam which always envelops the body of the planet it is apparently red hot a red tinge is seen sometimes at the edges of its cloud belts and a large red region the red spot twenty three thousand miles in length has been visible on it for half a century there may be a liquid or solid core to the planet but as a whole it is a mass of seething vapors whirling around on its axis once in every 10 hours as in the case of the sun however different latitudes appear to rotate at different rates the interior of jupiter is very hot but the planet is not self-luminous the planets venus and jupiter shine very brightly but they have no light of their own they reflect the sunlight saturn is in the same interesting condition the surface in the photograph is steam and saturn is so far away from the sun that the vaporization of its oceans must necessarily be due to its own internal heat it is too hot for water to settle on its surface like jupiter the great globe turns on its axis once in 10 hours a prodigious speed and must be a swirling seething mass of metallic vapors and gases it is instructive to compare jupiter and saturn in this respect with the sun they are smaller globes and have cooled down more than the central fire saturn is a beautiful object in the telescope because it is ten moons to include one which is disputed and a wonderful system of rings around it the so-called rings are a mighty swarm of meteorites pieces of iron and stone of all sorts and sizes which reflect the light of the sun to us this ocean of matter is some miles deep and stretches from a few thousand miles from the surface of the planet to one hundred seventy two thousand miles out in space some astronomers think that this is volcanic material which has been shot out of the planet others regarded as stuff which would have combined to form an 11th moon but was prevented by the nearness of saturn itself there is no evidence of life on saturn the moon mars and venus are therefore the only planets beside the earth on which we may look for life and in the case of venus the possibility is very faint but what about the moons which attend the planets they range in size from the little 10 miles wide moons of mars to titan a moon of saturn and ganymede a satellite of jupiter which are about 3 000 miles in diameter might there not be life on some of the larger of these moons we will take our own moon as a type of the class a dead world the moon is so very much nearer to us than any other heavenly body that we have a remarkable knowledge of it in figure 14 you have a photograph taken in one of our largest telescopes of part of its surface in a sense such a telescope brings the moon to within about 50 miles of us we should see a city like london as a dark sprawling blotch on the globe we could just detect a zeppelin or a diplodocus as a moving speck against the surface but we find none of these things it is true that a few astronomers believe that they see signs of some sort of feeble life or movement on the moon professor pickering thinks that he can trace some volcanic activity he believes that there are areas of vegetation probably of a low order and that the soil of the moon may retain a certain amount of water in it he speaks of a very thin atmosphere and of occasional light falls of snow he has succeeded in persuading some careful observers that there probably are slight changes of some kind taking place on the moon but there are many things that point to absence of air on the moon even the photographs we reproduce tell the same story the edges of the shadow are all hard in black if there had been an appreciable atmosphere it would have scattered the sun's light onto the edges and produced a gradual shading off such as we see on the earth this relative absence of air must give rise to some surprising effects there will be no sounds on the moon because sounds are merely airwaves even a meteor shattering itself to a violent end against the surface of the moon would make no noise nor would it herald its coming by glowing into a shooting star as it would on entering the earth's atmosphere there will be no floating dust no scent no twilight no blue sky no twinkling of the stars the sky will be always black and the stars will be clearly visible by day as by night the sun's wonderful corona which no man on earth even by seizing every opportunity during eclipses can hope to see for more than two hours and all of a long lifetime will be visible all day so will the great red flames of the sun of course there will be no life and no landscape effects and scenery effects due to vegetation the moon takes approximately 27 of our days to turn once on its axis so for 14 days there is a continuous night when the temperature must sink away down towards the absolute cold of space this will be followed without an instant of twilight by full daylight for another 14 days the sun's rays will bear straight down with no diffusion or absorption of their heat or light on the way it does not follow however that the temperature of the moon's surface must rise enormously it may not even rise to the temperature of melting ice saying there is no air there could be no check on radiation the heat that the moon gets would radiate away immediately we know that amongst the coldest places on the earth are the tops of very high mountains the points that have reared themselves nearest to the sun but farthest out of the sheltering blanket of the earth's atmosphere the actual temperature of the moon's surface by day is a moot point it may be below the freezing point or above the boiling point of water the mountains of the moon the lack of air is considered by many astronomers to furnish the explanation of the enormous number of craters which pit the moon's surface there are about a hundred thousand of these strange rings and is now believed by many that they are spots where very large meteorites or even planetoids splashed into the moon when its surface was still soft other astronomers think that they are the remains of gigantic bubbles which were raised in the moon's skin when the globe was still molten by volcanic gases from below a few astronomers think that they are as is popularly supposed the craters of extinct volcanoes our craters on the earth are generally deep cups whereas these ring formations on the moon are more like very shallow and broad saucers clavius the largest of them is 123 miles across the interior yet its encircling ramp part is not a mile high the mountains on the moon rise to a great height and are extraordinarily gaunt and rugged they are like fountains of lava rising in places to twenty six thousand and twenty seven thousand feet the lunar apennines have three thousand steep and weird peaks our terrestrial mountains are continually worn down by frost acting on moisture and by ice and water but there are none of these agencies operating on the moon its mountains are comparatively everlasting hills the moon is interesting to us precisely because it is a dead world it seems to show how the earth or any cooling metal globe will evolve in the remote future we do not know if there was ever life on the moon but in any case it cannot have proceeded far in development at the most we can imagine some strange lowly forms of vegetation lingering here and there in pools of heavy gas expanding during the blaze of the sun's long day and frozen rigid during the long night meteors and comets we may conclude our survey of the solar system with a word about shooting stars or meteors and comets there are few now who do not know that the streak of fire which suddenly lights the sky overhead at night means that a piece of stone or iron has entered our atmosphere from outer space and has been burned up by friction it was traveling at perhaps 20 or 30 miles a second at 70 or 80 miles above our heads it began to glow as at that height the air is thick enough to offer serious friction and raise it to a white heat by the time the meteor reached about 20 miles or so from the earth's surface it was entirely dissipated as a rule in fiery vapor millions of meteorites it is estimated that between 10 and 100 million meteorites enter our atmosphere and are cremated every day most of them weigh only an ounce or two and are invisible some of them weigh a ton or more but even against these large masses the air acts as a kind of torpedo net they generally burst into fragments and fall without doing damage it is clear that empty space is at least within the limits of our solar system full of these things they swarm like fishes in the seas like the fishes moreover they may be either solitary or gregarious the solitary bit of cosmic rubbish is the meteorite which we have just examined a social group of meteorites is the essential part of a comet the nucleus or bright central part of the head of a comet consists of a swarm sometimes thousands of miles wide of these pieces of iron or stone this swarm has come under the sun's gravitational influence and is forced to travel around it from some dark region of space it has moved slowly into our system it is not then a comet for it has no tail but as the crowded meteors approach the sun the speed increases they give off fine vapor-like matter and the fierce flood of light from the sun sweeps this vapor out in an ever lengthening tail whatever way the comet is traveling the tail always points away from the sun a great comet vapory tail often grows to an enormous length as the comet approaches the sun the great comet of 1843 had a tail 200 billion miles long it is however composed of the thinnest vapors imaginable twice during the 19th century the earth passed through the tail of a comet and nothing was felt the vapors of the tail are in fact so attenuated that we can hardly imagine them to be white hot they may be lit by some electrical force however that may be the comet dashes around the sun often at three or four hundred miles a second then may pass gradually out of our system once more it may be a thousand years or it may be 50 years before the monarch of the system will summon it again to make its fiery journey round his throne the stellar universe the immensity of the stellar universe as we have seen is beyond our apprehension the sun is nothing more than a very ordinary star perhaps an insignificant one there are stars enormously greater than the sun one such betelgeuse has recently been measured and its diameter is more than 300 times that of the sun the evolution of the stars the proof of the similarity between our sun and the stars has come to us through the spectroscope the elements that we find by its means in the sun are also found in the same way in the stars matter says the spectroscope is essentially the same everywhere in the earth and the sun in the comet that visits us once in a thousand years and the star whose distance is incalculable and in the great clouds of fire mist that we call nebulae in considering the evolution of the stars let us keep two points clearly in mind the starting point the nebula is no figment of the scientific imagination hundreds of thousands of nebulae besides even faster irregular stretches of nebulous matter exist in the heavens but the stages of the evolution of this stuff into stars are very largely a matter of speculation possibly there is more than one line of evolution and the various theories may be reconciled and this applies also to the theories of the various stages through which the stars themselves pass on their way to extinction the light of about a quarter of a million stars has been analyzed in the spectroscope and it is found that they fall into about a dozen classes which generally correspond to stages in their evolution the age of stars in its main lines the spectrum of a star corresponds to its color and we may roughly group the stars into red yellow and white this is also the order of increasing temperature the red stars being the coolest and the white stars the hottest we might therefore imagine that the white stars are the youngest and that as they grow older and cooler they become yellowish then red and finally become invisible just as a cooling white hot iron would do but a very interesting recent research shows that there are two kinds of red stars some of them are amongst the oldest stars and some are amongst the youngest the facts appear to be that when a star is first formed it is not very hot it is an immense mass of diffuse gas glowing with a dull red heat it contracts onto the mutual gravitation of its particles and as it does so it grows hotter it acquires a yellowish tinge as it continues to contract it grows hotter and hotter until its temperature reaches a maximum as a white star at this point the contraction process does not stop but the heating process does further contraction is now accompanied by cooling and the star goes through the color changes again but this time in the inverse order it contracts and cools to yellow and finally to red but when it again becomes a red star it is enormously denser and smaller than when it began as a red star consequently the red stars are divided into two classes called appropriately giants and dwarfs this theory which we owe to an american astronomer h n russell has been successful in explaining a variety of phenomena and there is consequently good reason to suppose it to be true but the question as to how the red giant stars were formed has received less satisfactory and precise answers the most commonly accepted theory is the nebular theory the nebular theory nebulae are dim luminous cloud-like patches in the heavens more like wisps of smoke in some cases than anything else both photography and the telescope show that they are very numerous hundreds of thousands being already known and the number being continually added to they are not small most of them are immensely large actual dimensions cannot be given because to estimate these we must first know definitely the distance of the nebulae from the earth the distances of some nebulae are known approximately and we can therefore form some idea of size in these cases the results are staggering the mere visible surface of some nebulae is so large that the whole stretch of the solar system would be too small to form a convenient unit for measuring it a ray of light would require to travel for years to cross from side to side of softchen nebula its immensity is inconceivable to the human mind there appear to be two types of nebulae and there is evidence suggesting that the one type is only an earlier form of the other but this again we do not know the more primitive nebulae would seem to be composed of gas in an extremely rarefied form it is difficult to convey an adequate idea of the rarity of nebular gases the residual gases in a vacuum tube are dense by comparison a cubic inch of air at ordinary pressure would contain more matter than is contained in billions of cubic inches of the gases of nebulae the light of even the faintest stars does not seem to be dimmed by passing through a gaseous nebula although we cannot be sure on this point the most remarkable physical fact about these gases is that they are luminous once they derive their luminosity we do not know it hardly seems possible to believe that extremely thin gases exposed to the terrific coldest space can be so hot as to be luminous and can retain their heat and their luminosity indefinitely a cold luminosity due to electrification like that of the aurora borealis would seem to fit the case better now the nebular theory is that out of great fire mists such as we have described stars are born we do not know whether gravitation is the only or even the main force at work in a nebula but it is supposed that under the action of gravity the far-flung fire mist would begin to condense round centers of greatest density heat being evolved in the process of course the condensation would be enormously slow although the sudden eruption of a swarm of meteors or some solid body might hasten matters greatly by providing large ready-made centers of condensation spiral nebulae it is then supposed that the contracting mass of gas would begin to rotate and to throw off gigantic streamers which would in their turn form centers of condensation the whole structure would thus form a spiral having a dense region at its center and knots or lumps of condensed matter along its spiral arms besides the formless gaseous nebulae there are hundreds of thousands of spiral nebulae such as we have just mentioned in the heavens they are at all stages of development and they are visible to us at all angles that is to say some of them face directly towards us others are edge on and some are in intermediate positions it appears therefore that we have here a striking confirmation of the nebular hypothesis but we must not go so fast there is much controversy as to the nature of the spiral nebulae some eminent astronomers think they are other stellar universes comparable in size with our own in any case they are vast structures and if they represent stars in process of condensation they must be giving birth to huge agglomerations of stars to start clusters at least these vast and enigmatic objects do not throw much light on the origin of our own solar system the nebular hypothesis which was invented by laplace to explain the origin of our solar system has not yet met with universal acceptance the explanation offers grave difficulties and it is best while the subject is still being closely investigated to hold all opinions with reserve it may be taken as probable however that the universe has developed from masses of incandescent gas the birth and death of stars variable new and dark stars dying suns many astronomers believe that in variable stars we have another star following that of the dullest red star in the dying of suns the light of these stars varies periodically in so many days weeks or years it is interesting to speculate that they are slowly dying suns in which the molten interior periodically burst through the shell of thick vapors that is gathering around them what we saw about our sun seems to point to some such stage in the future that is however not the received opinion about variable stars it may be that they are stars which periodically pass through a great swarm of meteors or a region of space that is rich in cosmic dust of some sort when of course a great illumination would take place one class of these variable stars which takes its name from the star algol is of special interest every third night algol has its light reduced for several hours modern astronomy has discovered that in this case there are really two stars circulating around a common center and that every third night the fainter of the two comes directly between us and its companion and causes an eclipse this was until recently regarded as a most interesting case in which a dead star revealed itself to us by passing before the light of another star but astronomers have in recent years invented something the selenium cell which is even more sensitive than the photographic plate and on this the supposed dead star registers itself is very much alive algal is however interesting in another way the pair of stars which we have discovered in it are hundreds of trillions of miles away from the earth yet we know their masses and their distances from each other the death and birth of stars we have no positive knowledge of dead stars which is not surprising when we reflect that a dead star means an invisible star but when we see so many individual stars tending toward death when we behold a vast population of all conceivable ages we presume that there are many already dead on the other hand there is no reason to suppose that the universe as a whole is running down some writers have maintained this but their argument implies that we know a great deal more about the universe than we actually do the scientific man does not know whether the universe is finite or infinite temporal or eternal and he declines to speculate when there are no facts to guide him he knows only that the great gaseous nebulae promise myriads of worlds in the future and he concedes the possibility that new nebulae may be forming in the ether of space the last and not the least interesting subject we have to notice is the birth of a new star this is an event which astronomers now announce every few years and it is a far more pretentious event than the reader imagines when it is reported in his daily paper the story is much the same in all cases we say that the star appeared in 1901 but you begin to realize the magnitude of the event when you learn that the distant blaze had really occurred about the time of the death of luther the light of the conflagration had been speeding toward us across space at 186 000 miles a second yet it has taken nearly three centuries to reach us to be visible at all to us at that distance the fiery outbreak must have been stupendous if a mass of petroleum ten times the size of the earth were suddenly fired it would not be seen at such a distance the new star had increased its light many hundredfold in a few days there is a considerable fascination about the speculation that in such cases we see the resurrection of a dead world a means of renewing the population of the universe what happens is that in some region of the sky where no star or only a very faint star had been registered on our charts we almost suddenly perceive a bright star in a few days it may rise to the highest brilliancy by the spectroscope we learned that this distant blaze means a prodigious outpour of white hot hydrogen at hundreds of miles a second but the star sinks again after a few months and we then find a nebula around it on every side it is natural to suppose that a dead or dying sun has somehow been reconverted in whole or in part into a nebula a few astronomers think that it may have partially collided with another star or approach too closely to another with the result we described on an earlier page the general opinion now is that a faint or dead star had rushed into one of those regions of space in which there are immense stretches of nebulous matter and been at least in part vaporized by the friction but the difficulties are considerable and some astronomers prefer to think that the blazing star may merely have lit up a dark nebula which already existed it is one of those problems on which speculation is most tempting but positive knowledge is still very incomplete we may be content even proud that already we can take a conflagration that has occurred more than a thousand trillion miles away and analyze it positively into an outflame of glowing hydrogen gas at so many miles a second the shape of our universe our universe a spiral nebula what is the shape of our universe and what are its dimensions this is a tremendous question to ask it is like asking an intelligent insect living on a single leaf in the midst of a great brazilian forest to say what is the shape and size of the forest yet man's ingenuity has proved equal to giving an answer even to this question and by a method exactly similar to that which would be adopted by the insect suppose for instance that the force was shaped as an elongated oval and the insect lived on a tree near the center of the oval if the trees were approximately equally spaced from one another they would appear much denser along the length of the oval than across its width this is the simple consideration that is guided astronomers in determining the shape of our stellar universe there is one direction in the heavens along which the stars appear denser than in the directions at right angles to it that direction is the direction in which we look towards the milky way if we count the number of stars visible all over the heavens we find that they become more and more numerous as we approach the milky way as we go farther and farther from the milky way the stars thin out until they reach a maximum sparseness in directions at right angles to the plane of the milky way we may consider the milky way to form as it were the equator of our system and the line at right angles to point to the north and south poles our system in fact is shaped something like a lens and our sun is situated near the center of this lens in the remoter part of this lens near its edge or possibly outside it all together lies the great series of star clouds which make up the milky way all the stars are in motion within the system but the very remarkable discovery has been made that these motions are not entirely random the great majority of the stars whose motions can be measured fall into two groups drifting past one another in opposite directions the velocity of one stream relative to the other is about 25 miles per second the stars forming these two groups are thoroughly well mixed it is not a case of an inner stream going one way and an outer stream the other but there are not quite as many stars going one way as the other for every two stars in one stream there are three and the other now as we have said some eminent astronomers hold that the spiral nebulae are universes like our own and if we look at the two photographs we see that these spirals present features which in the light of what we have just said about our system are very remarkable the nebula and coma berenices is a spiral edge on to us and we see that it has precisely the lens shaped middle and the general flattened shape that we have found in our own system the nebula in conus venatici is a spiral facing toward us and its shape irresistibly suggests motions along the spiral arms this motion whether it is towards or away from the central lens shape portion would cause a double streaming motion in that central portion of the kind that we have found in our own system again and all together apart from these considerations there are good reasons for supposing our milky way to possess a double-armed spiral structure and the great patches of dark absorbing matter which are known to exist in the milky way would give very much the modeled appearance we notice in the arms which we see edge on of the nebula in coma berenices the hypothesis therefore that our universe is a spiral nebula has much to be said for it if it be accepted it greatly increases our estimate of the size of the material universe for our central lens-shaped system is calculated to extend towards the milky way for more than twenty 000 times a million million miles and about a third of this distance towards what we have called the poles if as we suppose each spiral nebula is an independent stellar universe comparable in size with our own then since there are hundreds of thousands of spiral nebulae we see that the size of the whole material universe is indeed beyond our comprehension in this simple outline we have not touched on some of the more debatable questions that engage the attention of modern astronomers many of these questions have not yet passed the controversial stage out of these will emerge the astronomy of the future but we have seen enough to convince us that whatever advances the future holds in store the science of the heavens constitutes one of the most important stones in the wonderful fabric of human knowledge astronomical instruments the telescope the instruments used in modern astronomy are amongst the finest triumphs of mechanical skill in the world in a great modern observatory the different instruments are to be counted by the score but there are two which stand out preeminent as the fundamental instruments of modern astronomy these instruments are the telescope and the spectroscope and without them astronomy as we know it could not exist there's still some dispute as to where and when the first telescope was constructed as an astronomical instrument however it dates from the time of the great italian scientist galileo who with a very small and imperfect telescope of his own invention first observed the spots on the sun the mountains of the moon and the chief four satellites of jupiter a good pair of modern binoculars is superior to this early instrument of galileo's and the history of telescope construction from that primitive instrument to the modern giant recently erected on mount wilson california is an exciting chapter in human progress but the early instruments gave only an historic interest the era of modern telescopes begins in the 19th century during the last century telescope construction underwent an unprecedented development an immense amount of interest was taken in the construction of large telescopes and the different countries of the world entered on an exciting race to produce the most powerful possible instruments besides this rivalry of different countries there was a rivalry of methods the telescope developed along two different lines and each of these two types has its partisans at the present day these types are known as refractors and reflectors and it is necessary to mention briefly the principles employed in each the refractor is the ordinary familiar type of telescope it consists essentially of a large lens at one end of a tube and a small lens called the eyepiece at the other the function of the large lens is to act as a sort of gigantic eye it collects a large amount of light and amount proportional to its size and brings us light to a focus within the tube of the telescope it thus produces a small but bright image and the eyepiece magnifies this image in the reflector instead of a large lens at the top of the tube a large mirror is placed at the bottom this mirror is so shaped as to reflect the light that falls on it to a focus once the light is again led to an eyepiece thus the refractor and the reflector differ chiefly in their manner of gathering light the powerfulness of the telescope depends on the size of the light gatherer a telescope with a lens four inches in diameter is four times as powerful as the one with a lens two inches in diameter for the amount of light gathered obviously depends on the area of the lens and the area varies as the square of the diameter the largest telescopes at present in existence are reflectors it is much easier to construct a very large mirror than to construct a very large lens it is also cheaper amir is more likely to get out of order than is a lens however and any irregularity in the shape of a mirror produces a greater distorting effect than in the lens a refractor is also more convenient to handle than is a reflector for these reasons great refractors are still made but the largest of them the great yurks refractor is much smaller than the greatest reflector the one on mount wilson california the lens of the yurk's refractor measures three feet four inches in diameter whereas the mount wilson reflector has a diameter of no less than eight feet four inches but there is a device whereby the power of these giant instruments great as it is can be still further heightened that device is the simple one of allowing the photographic plate to take the place of the human eye nowadays an astronomer seldom spends the night with his eye glued to the great telescope he puts a photographic plate there the photographic plate has this advantage over the eye that it builds up impressions however long we stare at an object too faint to be seen we shall never see it with a photographic plate however faint impressions go on accumulating as our after hour passes the star which was too faint to make a perceptible impression on the plate goes on affecting it until finally it makes an impression which can be made visible in this way the photographic plate reveals to us phenomena in the heavens which cannot be seen even through the most powerful telescope telescopes of the kind we have been discussing telescopes for exploring the heavens are mounted equatorially that is to say they are mounted on an incline pillar parallel to the axis of the earth so that by rotating around this pillar the telescope is enabled to follow the apparent motion of a star due to the rotation of the earth this motion is affected by clockwork so that once adjusted on a star and the clockwork started the telescope remains adjusted on that star for any length of time that is desired but a great official observatory such as greenwich observatory or the observatory at paris also has transit instruments or telescopes smaller than the equatorials and without the same facility of movement but which by a number of exquisite refinements are more adapted to accurate measurements it is these instruments which are chiefly used in the compilation of the nautical almanac they do not follow the apparent motions of the stars stars are allowed to drift across the field of vision and as each star crosses a small group of parallel wires in the eyepiece its precise time of passage is recorded owing to their relative fixity of position these instruments can be constructed to record the positions of stars with much greater accuracy than is possible to the more general and flexible mounting of equatorials the recording of transit is comparatively dry work the spectacular element is entirely absent stars are treated merely as mathematical points but these observations furnish the very basis of modern mathematical astronomy and without them such publications as the nautical almanac and the connoisseurs too tall would be robbed of the greater part of their importance the spectroscope we have already learned something of the principles of the spectroscope the instrument which by making it possible to learn the actual constitution of the stars has added a vast new domain to astronomy in the simplest form of this instrument the analyzing portion consists of a single prism unless the prism is very large however only a small degree of dispersion is obtained it is obviously desirable for accurate analytical work that the dispersion that is the separation of the different parts of the spectrum should be as great as possible the dispersion can be increased by using a large number of prisms the light emerging from the first prism entering the second and so on in this way each prism produces its own dispersive effect and when a number of prisms are employed the final dispersion is considerable a considerable amount of light is absorbed in this way however so that unless our primary source of light is very strong the final spectrum will be very feeble and hard to decipher another way of obtaining considerable dispersion is by using a diffraction grating instead of a prism this consists entirely of a piece of glass on which lines are ruled by a diamond point when the lines are sufficiently close together they split up light falling on them into its constituents and produce a spectrum the modern diffraction grating is a truly wonderful piece of work it contains several thousands of lines to the inch and these lines have to be spaced with the greatest accuracy but in this instrument again there is a considerable loss of light we have said that every substance has its own distinctive spectrum and it might be thought that when a list of the spectra of different substances has been prepared spectrum analysis would become perfectly straightforward in practice however things are not quite so simple the spectrum emitted by a substance is influenced by a variety of conditions the pressure the temperature the state of motion of the object we are observing all make a difference and one of the most laborious tasks of the modern spectroscopist is to disentangle these effects from one another simple as it is in its broad outlines spectroscopy is in reality one of the most intricate branches of modern science end of chapter one you | Priceless Audiobooks | UCly1zcKPGzGW9wZMCZodWOA | 2020-01-03 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 16,296 | 90,082 |
SmrEPAk6n3k | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SmrEPAk6n3k | Ultraklystron - Unit Test | sorry i'm on smoko so predictable i can write a unit test so miserable i put it in a fluent yes and it'd never fail i guess unlike you undefined the only kind of type you can't handle put it in a little box kubernetes thoughts topple over then drop think you run a blockchain but it's small data raspberry pi's easily out trade ya unshippable and hittin every time out insufferable i comment every line out stack overflows copy pasted write outs wack overload floodin every pipe out never changed since the earliest alphas no wonder many doing it without ya if this then this it's the same logic neural net untrained but it's neurotic i got more hooks than react y'all never know how to act people ready to attack, wait that isn't facts no it's caps i got more hooks than react y'all never know how to act people ready to attack, no that isn't facts no it's cap yeah, ultra | Ultraklystron | UCLF-jUgczox9EXYv_cpZXIg | 2022-07-11 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 164 | 945 |
Q5K39TxFdnQ | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q5K39TxFdnQ | How To Style Crewneck Sweatshirts | crewnecks are by far the most underrated item it's an item that's not really brought up during the fall and winter season mainly because it's overshadowed by the hoodie and i'm apologize about the audio in advance my corgi she's got a bone i'm not gonna stop her but that's just what makes this item more appealing in my eyes and i'm gonna be showing you guys how i style them now take my advice with a grain of salt i don't really know how to dress i don't know what i'm doing who really knows what they're doing anyways so what even is a crew neck sweatshirt anyways well go grab your hoodie chop off the hood and replace it with the collar and you my friend have a crew neck now they come in many shapes designs and fabrics there are ribbed and knitted ones that are seen mainly in high fashion or during christmas and i'm sorry i don't own any of these so they will be disregarded during the styling parts but just know that you could totally go down this route for a different fabric texture they'll either give you a chic high fashion look or a more grunge or festive look but for this video i'll be talking about the basic cotton crew neck as i find they are easier to style and they're not going to make you break out in rashes like grandma's sweaters would so styling any item starts with color obviously there's an endless amount but trust me on this guys go muted with this one if you go bright vibrant saturated it'll obviously be a statement piece for your outfit so you're gonna have to work around that or have the confidence to embrace a more vibrant color palette and props to you for real if you can pull that off and she's going crazy so when it comes to color you want to drop the saturation and look for items that have more black or gray added to its color it's easier to show you guys with photoshop all you gotta do is pick a vibrant color add some black or gray to it and you'll see that's a more muted kind of depressed looking color so these colors are way easier to style around plus you still get to add colors to your outfit it's just not a crazy pop of color making them more versatile but if there's one color i'd like to recommend as your first crew neck man it's gotta be the slay gray one there's just something about this that makes it so awesome i imagine it's like the macbooks the space gray colorway that's why it's so popular like it's not pitch black but it's also not light gray which can come off a little bit too laid back and cozy it's my favorite definitely start here and then i'd recommend moving to cream and then olive and then you can branch out wherever you want to go and if you want some great references to colored crewnecks i think kith has definitely nailed their color palettes but champion and talentless are also a great alternative now when it comes to sizing you can definitely hit the entire spectrum of fitted crewnecks all the way to the oversized ones and with 2020 being 2020 oversize is just definitely the way to go it's a lot more comfortable you're staying at home all the time there's no need to feel like a sausage whichever one you don't have i'd definitely say pick that one up and if you don't have any at all definitely stick with the oversized one trust me on this they're just a lot easier to style a lot more comfortable crew necks come in so many different configurations you know the color you know the sizing and naturally i'm sure you just want to roll with a basic one and i totally agree but where crewneck shine is definitely with the branded ones these were made popular in my opinion by the collegiate ones you know the ones that you'd wear in college everyone has won one of these as their go-to because they decided to sign up for the 8 a.m class because oh i did it in high school i can totally do it for college and then you realize that's the worst decision of your life and so you have to rush a class with an easy to throw one outfit so you grab that crew neck i know it's not just me so it could be a collegiate one maybe from your school or a school you got rejected from i went to the university of new mexico it's decent pricing it's printed on nike or champion the quality is there and that heavy school name branding just means you can get any brand crew neck you want champion is definitely the best place to start off because the brand is quite respectable and it's definitely a lot more affordable especially if it's your first crew neck but pick up any brand that you want most brands do produce their own crewneck it's a staple now moving on from the branding try and go for more unique designs it could be a different pattern of the dyeing process maybe tie-dye or could be one with asymmetric pockets or color blocked ones there is so much out there you just gotta do your research find a brand that you like find a color palette that you like and roll with it now that you guys know what to look for imma show you guys some fits first fit up i will be styling my slate gray talentless crew neck they don't have this specific one anymore but they do have the standard unisex non-branded one it's the same thing i'm wearing a size large for the oversized vibe if you guys are curious i've raved about slay gray crewnecks enough start with this one and you won't regret it threw on this jade necklace that i got from my mother who got it from her mother and i've just gotta say that we don't really embrace our own cultures enough i'm sure you guys have your own unique necklaces or accessories or pendants definitely embrace it now since i wore that jade i wanted to complement that color with the bread ones green and red are complementary colors meaning they are colors on opposite sides of the color wheel you could watch my color blocking video to learn more about colors and color blocking and what complementary colors mean but anyways i've got on this black slim denim i'm not a big fan of skinny skinny denim anymore with jordan ones i either like a slim fit to where i can lay it over the top of the sneaker without it flaring out these are great quality salvage denim from the sponsor of today's video days of september so i have really fallen in love with this brand if you don't know what salvage denim is just know that it's way better quality a quick indicator would be the cuff with extra material along the inseam this is how you know it's met the standard because there are different grades of denim out there i'm sure you've had a cheap fast fashion pair that either shrunk ripped or lost its color with one wash that's never fun and so this is where days of september comes in clutch they've spent the past two years working with many manufacturers to find exactly what they want salvage denim that isn't too stiff but is also comfortable and is affordable these have a nice stretch to it and are easy to throw on and look how good they make my ones look my other skinny denim is way too constricted even though it's a stretchy pair days of september goes for that more slim fit look which the ankle taper isn't super tight and yes they manage to keep that selvage inseam and you can just see how much energy they put in by all the little details they have a button engraved with their logo a ykk zipper system there's recessed rivets so you don't end up scratching your phone when you pull it out you can even adjust the hem to the half inch for the perfect fit these are now my favorite denim and so if you guys want to pick up a pair for black friday click the link in the description you guys can use my discount code titan this is going to be their only sale so definitely capitalize on it if you guys haven't thank you days of september for sponsoring this video let's keep it moving so if you don't like the ones or you just want another easy alternative swap the kicks for the oliver cabell lows basically common projects but half the price throw on a mustard beanie and the outfit is still simple but nice in my opinion sometimes simpler is better for the second outfit i'm going to be styling this ride division crew neck with an extra asymmetrical pouch this one is an olive colorway and i really have been appreciating the mixture of fabrics lately so this is cotton along with nylon for the pocket gives it a monochromatic look that i really dig i have a simple messenger bag from orbit gear to add more depth to the outfits and topping it off with a bandana that i know is probably not everyone's favorite but i've been feeling it you could easily rock it with that one if you want pants are the 511 apex cargos and my kicks are the collaboration between a cold wall and converse not a bad fit but i typically will spruce it up lean more into that tech look by throwing on the sfb field boot 2s what you want for combat boots and yes there are people who have served that recommend these boots you want to blouse them and this is something i messed up in my combat boots video there are videos out there on how to blouse your boots but to keep it simple since we're not in the army you want your pants to kind of flare out and start stacking or you can go with the traditional technique and roll the hem inside your pants it gives your fit a clear disconnect of stacked fabric to the boot silhouette yeah i'd probably rock this a lot more than the cold wall sneakers but i just decided to try it out the boots definitely freshen it up to my preference and last fits we will be styling this cream crew neck from second layer it's a pretty small low-key brand that i recommend checking out so the crew neck shorts crew socks athletic sneakers and a dad hats you can never go wrong with this it's cozy and you don't really have to think too much about how your fit looks while still looking pretty fly i think crew necks and shorts are an underrated look as well and this is definitely an athletic look for more comfort but since it is currently fall as i'm recording this video i will throw on some accessories a bag and swap the shorts for all of cargo pants and then throwing on the niger twos the fit with the shorts you can probably rock that in the springtime but i just find this fit to be more of my alley of simplicity and comfort nothing too crazy something you guys could easily replicate yourselves and those are my typical crew neck outfits nothing crazy if you guys have any tips leave a comment down below follow me on instagram i fly with johnny tai check out days of september and subscribe | Fly With Johnny Thai | UCiWMV3RA6jpYNGZWTbjFneA | 2020-11-26 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,996 | 10,446 |
eUfZPSrvti8 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eUfZPSrvti8 | Fishing HIDDEN SWAMP for BIG Bass (River Fishing) | [Music] foreign dude that's a good one that's a freaking good one spinnerbait dude oh my gosh dude they're stacked down there brother gotta work it really slow oh my god welcome back to another episode of kicking their bass tv today we have a river video for you guys we've really been enjoying them recently you know it feels good to get out on the boat get on the river enjoy life enjoy nature and go try to hunt those big bass you know we had like a two month break with the river where it was super flooded you know it was really unfishable you couldn't really get out there and catch any fish finally the water dropped you know springtime is coming in as well we've had this warm weather come up water temps rising and the fish have just been biting and it's been a lot of fun so we actually went fishing after a cold front in today's episode and we still caught some good fish but before we even hop into that i actually have a giveaway for y'all we have a pack of rage swimmers a square bill a swim bait and also a wake bait we got four baits right here if you guys want to enter this giveaway all you have to do you got to be subscribed to the channel hit the notification bell hit the like button on today's video and also drop some comments down below on what videos you guys want to see coming up we're going to go ahead and get out on the river like i said it was just a fun day on the water we actually put in down river i mean we were fishing tidal water this day we didn't go way up and we got into some good fish so hope you guys enjoyed this one hit that like button enter the giveaway tell your boys about the videos down below i'll catch you guys in the next one so we got this four odd straight shanks regular worm book we throw in a floating worm today we haven't done that in a very long time i think you can catch some really big ones on it tying it up with a uni knot wetter on up boom pow bubble gum worm about a nine pounder out here on this thing no weight no nothing just warm and hook we work this a lot differently than everybody else would so let's hope that we get some bites on it can be a really good bait especially this time of year that can catch some big fish i just saw some action back there you see it really shallow yeah like inches yeah this is where i wanted the fish the main spot i usually catch him when i catch him there he is mud a big mud not as big as that all right it didn't break me off that's about to say i saw my senko come off it's like please oh don't sit on the thing i'll get my booty away yeah we gotta gotta use the water bottles as a little stand last thing i want is my butt wet right now that was our first fish a stinky mud dude look at this you see the teeth marks on the weight that's actually crazy cuz my fish are nasty dude mean guys so i started off with the senko today i think we're gonna switch over to one of these rage crawls these are black and blue swirl pretty dark color cody am i going crazy or is that black maybe a little bit of blue right i see hints of blue in the craw and i think it's all the other crawls have more of a swirl and this one's like black might be the lucky girl we'll see get our first fish feels good to get a bite worked our way in the back of this little creek right here i think we're about to start getting some bites it's gonna get good oh [Applause] oh dude that's a good one dude that's a football if i know of a football that's a football let's go first fish it's been a long little start we just got on him that's a fatty guys look how fat that dash is that is a freaking stud right there man he's not big but he's that edge can be this is like a fattest little one pounder i know the camera probably doesn't do the justice but that right there is a football i'm gonna start off the day with that one it's a good sign got him on that black and blue swirl rage crawl man is that a chub thank you bud here we go that's the start there you go yeah i can't really see him i jacked him out of the water you can find us a river monster up in here dude looks so good i'm gonna tell you how many times i fished this lake and i've never been like this my father in the secret oh my god dude is that a bass no way bro there's no way was that a bass there's no way if it was it was like a freaking 14 pounder dude that fish was so big did you see him yeah was it a bass or a mutt i think it was a mud it had it was way too big to be that fish was so i saw the boil was like this big but yeah and the i think i saw like its fins and everything like its tail it's it was big ah that just upsets me because we're running low on oh i got one get it that's a good one nice we're going back up in this creek look how fat these fish are wow look at this look at that side of his body got like some little black marks cody just missed a toad we got the second bass of the day not not big but a little fat chunky dude cody like hook said dude that fish was big bro yeah it broke me off it might have been a mud but the boil was like this big like if it was a bass it was over 10 pounds i've never seen anything like that dude that was scary just everything in me says that wasn't a bass thank god it wasn't fast dude there he is that's a bass they're back here they eat it so weird they're kind of chicken at it we found some fish though cody you lost one just caught that bass literally what three minutes late two minutes and 30 seconds later caught our third fish today what a little chubby pretty good job nice [Music] so guys we're we're back up in this little creek right now and usually like i've never been here before i've fished in this lake but we're far back here usually you can't get this far back just because of how shallow it is but the river's a little higher than we would like it to be so it's been hard to catch these fish just because they're so far up in the trees and you can't really get your boat up there but that's why we're coming back up in here and we're finally getting bites you know really shallow water we're only in a foot and a half and we've had a lot of bites right here and i think we're gonna have many more coming up right here but all we're doing is taking this texas rig throwing it up on all this cover these cypress trees lay downs very shallow water that's how we've been getting those bites and the bass they'll hit it now all of a sudden you hook set and they run at you like a hundred miles an hour and you really gotta real fast to catch up with them or you're gonna lose them that's kind of been the key for today this is where i'm thinking they might be right here if they're anywhere see those big culverts hey could be good i look like some fry popped right there dude that's a good one that's a freaking good one spinnerbait dude right there we might have some fun right here brother here we go guys got our like fourth fish fourth bass on a spinnerbait that is a freaking fat guy i thought he was a lot bigger he looked like he was two pounds but he's probably a high one with how thick that belly is pretty dude strike king spinner bait that's what we're talking about that's our first fish on a moving bait today i hope they eat it because i love a spinnerbait bite it's been a minute nice one bro hey that was a good little fish he ate it at the boat what's up yeah i was just slow rolling that spinner bait and what to say dude they're going to get on a spinner bait off or you can enjoy what if they're stacked right there dude there's been a minute since i've got on a spinnerbait bite out here oh someone's telling me there's another fish right there dude oh oh dude i'm so sorry i might have knocked him out he's like two pounds that's the best one today get in the middle i think they're stacked right there you see where i was casted that's where that spinner bait one kind of unless they're following it out but yeah [Music] dude that looked like one was grabbing you dude yeah your rod tip yeah i did not mean to slap that fish on the side i just hook set and he was already coming oh my gosh cody dude they're stacked down there brother you gotta work it really slow oh my gosh so we're in the same spot i just caught that spinnerbait fish the cast before this i just lost a bass these fish are eating it off the bank there's a bunch of cover laying on the bottom i just threw right back in there caught another one we could have three fish in this one spot just a pretty fat dude there is a lot of fish in the area and that's a good sign that's what you want when you're finding fish like that you want to find them stacked up you don't find them like that in the river often so we're going to spend some time here just dragging that bait on the bottom you got them big and dude oh nice cody caught the biggest one today on the fluke let's go let's go cody on board dude that's a thick chunky guy it is i'm gonna have to give her an old spanking they've been bad they've been naughty starting to get on them nice nice you've caught them on a fluke before right yeah i don't think i've ever caught one on a weightless plate yeah nice that's good he ate you on that corner yeah yeah dude i was looking at that earlier it looks so good it honestly felt like a branch i'm glad that i set the hook on it yeah he was running at you hard though you caught him right here oh to the right nice dude well now you got the monkey off your back after all that fish bro oh that was a good bite too i think that might have been a double cheeseburger with the side of our eyes dude there he is that's a good one dude that's a good bass oh god dude look how fat just missed one and look at that that's the best fish today that's a two pounder and a one pounder body two number man that is a thick old bass still munching the rage crawl he's using the old natural color green pumpkin we ran out of black and blues still getting these bass and they're just all straight footballs boom boy give him a little spank what a double cheeseburger that's exactly what we want to happen baby oh twinkie that's definition of a twinkie nice oh my that's a good one that's a good bass right where he should have been that's the fattest one today mmm that's a football god dog that's a freaking fat one look at that that's probably the fattest bass i've caught all year hands down that is the fattest bass i have caught that is a good one too that is a meatball look at that cody oh man that is a fat son of a gun that is a football look how fat that is cody is that all the fattest freaking best wow you gotta love it right there on that cypress tree where he should have been got him on the same rage curl it's just a little green pumpkin one little natural color in this dirty water still working steel working one fourth ounce bullet weight three eye extra wide gap hook making it happen they're definitely gonna be another one around these trees gotta be there he is oh my god it's the biggest war mouth i've ever seen holy cow i don't know if he's fatter he's just as fat as those other ones oh my gosh look at that warm mouth on a rage crawl that is what's been biting me down there the whole time super fat belly it's just crazy how big these war mouth actually get only imagine there's 10 pound bass munching those things up well we have just got off the water let me tell you we had a good day it was a good time caught a lot of decent little fish a bunch of fatties let me tell you these fish recently have been so plump just so filled and fat and uh man it was just a good time on the river we didn't get a chance to hook any big ones but we did figure him out today ended up catching some fish i hope you guys enjoyed this video if you guys are new to the channel listen man hit that subscribe button hit the like button if you guys have been enjoying the content i really appreciate it stay tuned for the next video coming soon baby [Music] you | KickinTheirBASSTV | UCq1McBIjys-xtjBpLskfa8Q | 2021-03-23 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 2,438 | 11,891 |
UhZyrS6j3ZY | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UhZyrS6j3ZY | This Bandipora village spends every evening under Candle light - Aneesa reports | We have been demanding an another transformer from the authorities since 2003 but nothing has been provided yet. We are finding it hard to sustain on our small scale units like Bend-saw etc as there is no proper power supply. The voltage is so low that we cannot run these machines on such current. Government is providing no assistance to us. We request the concerned authorities to solve our issue. I am supposed to do my homework but there is no electricity currently, in the morning I won't be able to utter a word in class as I am unable to learn in this darkness. A candle finishes within few minutes, we haven't seen the electricity since last ten days. Our overloaded transformer caters with 400 households. Our children have to sit idle as they can't learn under this low light. After coming back from school they are supposed to do their homework but they can't. We are poor and cannot afford any other means of lighting our homes. We have to face lots of inconveniences due to this faulty, overloaded transformer. We need to be provided with a separate one. We aren't that much well off that we can afford these candles every day. We were doing our best and working on small labour so that the education of our kids doesn't suffer but it becomes hard for them to learn in such darkness. On the other hand, the electricity department keeps on asking for hefty fee but we rarely see electricity. "This is our nation, it is my nation...... My request to the authorities is that this transformer should get upgraded which can bear the load of all the households in this area or else provide a separate one so that my community doesn't suffer. I am Aneesa Hameed from Kawapora village of Bandipora district for Kashmir Unheard. | VideoVolunteers | UC6Q4keA57cC0kPU8rQQG2CA | 2016-03-25 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | detection | en | 310 | 1,733 |
AdI4IKG_d_s | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AdI4IKG_d_s | Q&A: Silvia Kofler, UNC-Chapel Hill, Feb 2012 | we're trying to explain that you know we are 27 countries and that each country has a very different system and it's and european union is made of 27 it's not one system so it's really trying to work against this generalization which which simplifies for for the americans or for anybody outside the european union the the situation in europe but it doesn't reflect a real situation at 27 different situations and and like i said you know especially here in america now with the elector with the election campaign there is a lot of uh talking about europe and the european welfare state system but actually if you look if you look at the at the countries in europe as you make the example of germany well germany is doing much better in terms of employment in terms of growth than than the united states so there you know to generalize this is europe isn't working uh i think you you just look at these different countries and you see that uh it's not the case so what what we are doing is we are we are first of all we are looking at the debate that is taking place in the us and there were a few negative comments and articles like that but we have also seen then on the other hand very positive articles that actually came and out and uh highlighted that uh that this was a simplification of this concept you know and uh like there was um i saw an article just uh this weekend in a washington post written by a german journalist on on on these topics and i saw he got like a thousand five hundred uh uh comments on his article so it was really it's it's really uh it was very interesting to see that it uh it prompted so many reactions from both sides positive negative but it's a debate the european commission or the european union bodies are not giving a a one-size-fits-all advice every situation in this 27 countries is different so it needs to have a different if you want mixture of policies and for greece uh now they are negotiating about more pension cuts about more cuts in public workforce the about a reduction of contributions for on the health system so there are different measures that they are trying to implement in greece in italy we do the same thing or we are already doing the same thing under the government and if i say we it's because i'm italian national but the italian government is also taking the same the same measure so it's for sure that uh we have to see that the public expenditure goes down and we they have now clear objectives in term in terms of how much that public deficit should be compared to gdp per year and also how much the public that should be so there should be no more uh structural deficit than 0.5 for the future so as you say yes it is more for the future we are we are focusing but we we need to regain competitiveness to set and especially literally is one case where uh it has lost a lot in terms of competitiveness so we are focusing on that but at the same time for the crisis that we have now where you said we need to solve the problem in greece now that's the issue of the firewall and so for that as you know we have a european stability mechanism that will come into force in july in in the summer where 500 million euros have been set aside for that and there are talks now whether the money that was put into the another stability fund the esfs whether that money could be used could be kept there and be added to the money that we have already in the stability mechanism so that both together would be about 700 750 probably and and that might be enough but this is something that is still being discussed yeah we are definitely worried about that i think it is it's very unfortunate because especially from ireland irish people were always very pro-europe and where we're one of those um countries where the support that the european union had given was very very much valued and appreciated and it was always always set and publicly stated so it's it's really a concern that there are populations that that will become more alienated to the european project and i don't think we can do much in brussels i think it belongs much more to the national leaders to explain to their people why it is good that they are still in the europe why it is good that they stay in the eurozone and why we is necessary to go through these austerity measures to be more uh that will be more beneficial in the longer term so i think it's really the responsibility of the national leaders to explain this and the national leaders they all come to brussels they all decide to gather on the european measures so they they all have a responsibility when they take these measures also when they are back home to explain this to the national countries or the national uh public uh audiences but yes we are worried about that absolutely if you look at countries like sweden denmark those countries or if i look at finland which 10 years ago had a very difficult economic situation i don't think that now they don't have very good wealth a very good welfare system but at the same time they are very competitive they invested a lot in education they invested a lot in innovation and 10 years after you can see positive results so i don't think that necessarily the cutting of welfare has to go hand in hand with uh with more competitiveness or or you know that you only get more you only become more competitive if you have less welfare i don't think so i think you have countries in europe where you see that there is a mixture of both and that you can actually have both in in greece or in this country in or in spain there are different issues as i said in italy also there is less competitiveness and there will have to be a reduction of the welfare system but i i think i hope very much that the focus will be on investing in areas which which will produce not immediate benefits but medium-term benefits so if you invest in education and innovation it's not something where the year after you already see new jobs and new fruits it is a longer-term investment and what is so what is so difficult when you are in times of crisis is to look not just at the one year but you look a little bit beyond and and not but you want as a political leader of force you want to have jobs immediately you are not in power for 10 years so you know it's very difficult for those leaders to be responsible enough and say okay well we have to invest in longer term we have to invest in this because this is going to give the real benefits and not just go for short-term advantages | UNC Europe | UCp2rbKruE_HKIMSVupxvifQ | 2012-03-08 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,238 | 6,514 |
KN_Z4J1Celc | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KN_Z4J1Celc | History of cosmochemistry | Wikipedia audio article | cosmochemistry from greek cosmos cosmos universe and Kimia Kimia or chemical cosmology is the study of the chemical composition of matter in the universe and the processes that led to those compositions this is done primarily through the study of the chemical composition of meteorites and other physical samples given that the asteroid parent bodies of meteorites were some of the first solid material to condense from the early solar nebula Cosmo chemists are generally but not exclusively concerned with the objects contained within the solar system topic history in 1938 Swiss mineralogist Victor Goldschmidt and his colleagues compiled a list of what they called cosmic abundances based on their analysis of several terrestrial and meteorite samples Goldschmidt justified the inclusion of meteorite composition data into his table by claiming that terrestrial rocks were subjected to a significant amount of chemical change due to the inherent processes of the earth in the atmosphere this meant that studying terrestrial rocks exclusively would not yield inaccurate overall picture of the chemical composition of the cosmos therefore Goldschmidt concluded that extraterrestrial material must also be included to produce more accurate and robust data this research is considered to be the foundation of modern cosmochemistry during the 1950s and 1960s cosmochemistry became more accepted as a science Harold Urey widely considered to be one of the fathers of cosmochemistry engaged in research that eventually led to an understanding of the origin of the elements in the chemical abundance of stars in 1956 yuri and his colleague german scientist Hans Seuss published the first table of cosmic abundances to include isotopes based on meteorite analysis the continued refinement of analytical instrumentation throughout the 1960s especially that of mass spectrometry allowed Cosmo chemists to perform detailed analyses of the isotopic abundances of elements within meteorites in 1960 John Reynolds determined through the analysis of short-lived nuclides within meteorites that the elements of the solar system were formed before the solar system itself which began to establish a timeline of the processes of the early solar system topic meteorites meteorites are one of the most important tools that Cosmo chemists have for studying the chemical nature of the solar system many meteorites come from material that is as old as the solar system itself and thus provide scientists with a record from the early solar nebula carbonaceous chondrites are especially primitive that is they have retained many of their chemical properties since their formation 4.5 6 billion years ago and are therefore a major focus of Cosmo chemical investigations the most primitive meteorites also contain a small amount of material Stardust recent findings by NASA based on studies of meteorites found on earth suggests DNA and RNA components adenine guanine and related organic molecules building blocks for life as we know it may be formed extraterrestrial II in outer space topic comets on the 30th of July 2015 scientists reported that upon the first touchdown of the Philly Lander on comet 67p surface measurements by the COS a.cian ptolemy instruments revealed sixteen organic compounds four of which were seen for the first time on a comet including a seat amide acetone methyl isocyanate and propionaldehyde topic research in 2004 scientists reported detecting the spectral signatures of Ann frisina and pyrene in the ultraviolet light emitted by the red rectangle nebula no other such complex molecules had ever been found before in outer space this discovery was considered a confirmation of a hypothesis that as nebulae of the same type as the red rectangle approached the ends of their lives convection currents caused carbon and hydrogen in the nebulas core to get caught in stellar winds and radiate outward as they cool the atoms supposedly bond to each other in various ways and eventually form particles of a million or more atoms the scientists inferred that since they discovered polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs which may have been vital in the formation of early life on Earth in a nebula by necessity they must originate in nebulae in August 2009 NASA scientists identified one of the fundamental chemical building blocks of life the amino acid glycine in a comet for the first time in 2010 fullerenes or buckyballs were detected in nebulae fullerenes have been implicated in the origin of life according to astronomer Leticia Stangl Eenie it's possible that buckyballs from outer space provided seeds for life on Earth in August 2011 findings by NASA based on studies of meteorites found on earth suggests DNA and RNA components adenine guanine and related organic molecules building blocks for life as we know it may be formed extraterrestrial II in outer space in October 2011 scientists reported that cosmic dust contains complex organic matter amorphous organic solids with a mixed aromatic aliphatic structure that could be created naturally and rapidly by stars on August 29 2012 astronomers at Copenhagen University reported the detection of a specific sugar molecule glycol aldehyde in a distant star system the molecule was found around the protostellar binary response six to nine three to four to two which is located 400 light-years from Earth glycol aldehyde is needed to form ribonucleic acid or RNA which is similar in function to DNA this finding suggests complex organic molecules may form in stellar systems prior to the formation of planets eventually arriving on young planets early in their formation in September 2012 NASA scientists reported that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs subjected to interstellar medium ISM conditions are transformed through hydrogenation oxygenation and hydroxylation to more complex organics a step along the path toward amino acids and nucleotides the raw materials of proteins and DNA respectively further as a result of these transformations the PAHs lose the spectroscopic signature which could be one of the reasons for the lack of power detection in interstellar ice grains particularly the outer regions of cold dense clouds or the upper molecular layers of protoplanetary disks in 2013 the Atacama Large millimeter array Alma project confirmed that researchers have discovered an important pair of prebiotic molecules in the icy particles in interstellar space ISM the chemicals found in a giant cloud of gas about 25,000 light-years from Earth anism may be a precursor to a key component of DNA and the other may have a role in the formation of an important amino acid researchers found a molecule called cyan a Metheny mine which produces adenine one of the four nucleobases that form the rungs in the ladder like structure of DNA the other molecule called Ethne mean is thought to play a role in forming alanine one of the 20 amino acids in the genetic code previously scientists thought such processes took place in the very tenuous gas between the stars the new discoveries however suggest that the chemical formation sequences for these molecules occurred not in gas but on the surfaces of ice grains in interstellar space NASA alma scientist Anthony religion stated that finding these molecules in an interstellar gas cloud means that important building blocks for DNA and amino acids can't see newly formed planets with the chemical precursors for life in January 2014 NASA reported that current Studies on the planet Mars by the curiosity and Opportunity Rovers will now be searching for evidence of a ancient life including a biosphere based on autotrophic chemo trophic and/or Chema lesotho trophic microorganisms as well as ancient water including floovio lacustrine environments planes related to ancient rivers or lakes that may have been habitable the search for evidence of habitability taphonomy related to fossils and organic carbon on the planet mars is now a primary NASA objective in February 2014 NASA announced a greatly upgraded database for tracking polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs in the universe according to scientists more than 20% of the carbon in the universe may be associated with PAHs possible starting materials for the formation of life PAHs seem to have been formed shortly after the Big Bang a wide spread throughout the universe and are associated with new stars and exoplanets topic see also astrochemistry extraterrestrial materials geochemistry nuclear cosmic chronology | wikipedia tts | UClqS6IYGeofUnMEBJmSzf2g | 2019-01-15 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,346 | 8,495 |
OEeDbgUFgSs | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OEeDbgUFgSs | Uniflow scavenging | Wikipedia audio article | a two-stroke or two cycle engine is a type of internal combustion engine which completes a power cycle with two strokes up and down movements of the piston during only one crankshaft revolution this is in contrast to a four-stroke engine which requires full strokes of the piston to complete a power cycle during two crankshaft revolutions in a two-stroke engine the end of the combustion stroke in the beginning of the compression stroke happens simultaneously with the intake and exhaust or scavenging functions occurring at the same time two-stroke engines often have a high power-to-weight ratio power being available in a narrow range of rotational speeds called the power band compared to four-stroke engines two-stroke engines have a greatly reduced number of moving parts and so can be more compact and significantly lighter topic history the first commercial two-stroke engine involving in cylinder compression is attributed to Scottish engineer Dugald Clark who patented his design in 1881 however unlike most later two-stroke engines he's had a separate charging cylinder the crankcase scavenged engine employing the area below the piston as a charging pump is generally credited to Englishman Joseph day on the 31st of December 1879 German inventor Karl Benz produced a two-stroke gas engine for which he received a patent in 1880 in Germany the first truly practical two-stroke engine is attributed to Yorke Sherman Alfred Angus Scott who started producing twin-cylinder water-cooled motorcycles in 1908 gasoline spark ignition versions are particularly useful in lightweight or portable applications such as chainsaws and motorcycles however when weight and size are not an issue the cycles potential for high thermodynamic efficiency makes it ideal for diesel compression ignition engines operating in large weight insensitive applications such as marine propulsion railway locomotives in a Siti generation in a two-stroke engine the heat transfer from the engine to the cooling system is less than in a four-stroke which means that two-stroke engines can be more efficient topic emissions crankcase compression two-stroke engines such as common small gasoline powered engines create more exhaust emissions than four-stroke engines of comparable power output because their two-stroke oil petrol lubrication mixture is also burned in the engine due to the engine's total loss oiling system and because the combined opening time of the intake and exhaust ports in some two-stroke designs can allow some amount of unburned fuel vapors to exit in the exhaust stream topic applications two-stroke petrol engines are preferred when mechanical simplicity lightweight and high power-to-weight ratio our design priorities with the traditional lubrication technique of mixing oil into the fuel they also have the advantage of working in any orientation as there is no oil reservoir dependent on gravity this is an essential property for hand held power tools such as chainsaws a number of mainstream automobile manufacturers have used two-stroke engines in the past including the Swedish Saab and German manufacturers dkw auto union VEB sashen ring automobile works weaker and VEB automobile work isin AK the Japanese manufacturers Suzuki and Subaru did the same in the 1970s production of two-stroke cars ended in the 1980s in the West due to increasingly stringent regulation of air pollution Eastern Bloc countries continued until around 1991 with the Trabant and Wartburg in East Germany two-stroke engines are still found in a variety of small propulsion applications such as outboard motors high-performance small-capacity motorcycles mopeds and dirt bikes under bones scooters chuck's snowmobiles carts ultralight airplanes and model airplanes and other model vehicles they are also common in power tools used outdoors such as lawnmowers chainsaws and weed whackers with direct fuel injection and a sump based lubrication system a two-stroke engine produces air pollution no worse than a four-stroke and it can achieve higher thermodynamic efficiency therefore the cycle has historically also been used in large diesel engines mostly large industrial and marine engines as well as some trucks and heavy machinery there are several experimental designs intended for automobile use for instance Lotus of Norfolk UK had in 2008 a prototype direct injection two-stroke engine intended for alcohol fuels called the omnivore which it is demonstrating in a version of the Exige topic different two-stroke design types although the principles remain the same the mechanical details of various two-stroke engines differ depending on the type the design types vary according to the method of introducing the charge to the cylinder the method of scavenging the cylinder exchanging burnt exhaust for fresh mixture and the method of exhausting the cylinder topic piston controlled Inlet port piston port is the simplest of the designs and the most common in small two-stroke engines all functions are controlled solely by the piston covering and uncovering the ports as it moves up and down in the cylinder in the 1970s Yamaha worked out some basic principles for this system they found that in general widening an exhaust port increases the power by the same amount as raising the port but the power band does not narrow as it does when the port is raised however there is a mechanical limit to the width of a single exhaust port at about 62 percent of the bore diameter for reasonable ring life beyond this the rings will bulge into the exhaust port and we're quickly a maximum 70% of bore width is possible in racing engines where Rings are changed every few races intake duration is between 120 and 160 degrees transfer port time is set at a minimum of 26 degrees the strong low-pressure pulse of the racing two-stroke expansion chamber can drop the pressure to minus 7 psi when the piston is at bottom dead center and the transfer ports nearly wide open one of the reasons for high fuel consumption in two strokes is that some of the incoming pressurized fuel air mixture is forced across the top of the piston where it has a cooling action and straight out the exhaust pipe an expansion chamber with a strong reverse pulse will stop this outgoing flow a fundamental difference from typical four-stroke engines is that the two strokes crankcase is sealed in forms part of the induction process in gasoline and hot bulb engines diesel two strokes often add a roots blower or piston pump for scavenging topic Reed inlet valve the Reed valve is a simple but highly effective form of check valve commonly fitted in the intake tract of the piston controlled port they allow a symmetric intake of the fuel charge improving power and economy while widening the power band they are widely used in motorcycle ATV and marine outboard engines topic rotary inlet valve the intake pathway is opened and closed by a rotating member a familiar type sometimes seen on small motorcycles is a slotted disk attached to the crank shaft which covers and uncovers an opening in the end of the crank case allowing charge to enter during one portion of the cycle aka disc valve another form of rotary inlet valve used on two-stroke engines employs two cylindrical members with suitable cutouts arranged to rotate one within the other the inlet pipe having passage to the crankcase only when the two cutouts coincide the crankshaft itself may form one of the members as in most glow plug model engines in another embodiment the crank disk is arranged to be a closed clearance fit in the crankcase and is provided with a cutout which lines up with an inlet passage in the crankcase wall at the appropriate time as in Vespa motor scooters the advantage of a rotary valve is that it enables the two-stroke engines intake timing to be asymmetrical which is not possible with piston port type engines the piston port type engines intake timing opens and closes before and after top dead center at the same crank angle making it symmetrical whereas the rotary valve allows the opening to begin and close earlier rotary valve engines can be tailored to deliver power over a wider speed range or higher power over a narrower speed range than either piston port or reed valve engine where a portion of the rotary valve is a portion of the crankcase itself it is particularly important that nowhere is allowed to take place topic cross flow scavenged in a cross flow engine that transferring exhaust ports are on opposite sides of the cylinder and a deflector on the top of the piston directs the fresh intake charge into the upper part of the cylinder pushing the residual exhaust gas down the other side of the deflector and out the exhaust port the deflector increases the Pistons weight and exposed surface area affecting piston cooling and also making it difficult to achieve an efficient combustion chamber shape this design has been superseded since the 1960s by the loop scavenging method below especially for motorbikes although for smaller or slower engines such as lawnmowers the cross flow scavenge design can be an acceptable approach topic loop scavenged this method of scavenging uses carefully shaped and positioned transfer ports to direct the flow of fresh mixture toward the combustion chamber as it enters the cylinder the fuel-air mixture strikes the cylinder head then follows the curvature of the combustion chamber and then is deflected downward this not only prevents the fuel air mixture from traveling directly at the exhaust port but also creates a swirling turbulence which improves combustion efficiency power and economy usually a piston deflector is not required so this approach has a distinct advantage over the cross flow scheme above often referred to as snore ole or schnell loop scavenging after Adolf snow the German inventor of an early form in the mid 1920s it became widely adopted in that country during the 1930s and spread further afield after World War two loop scavenging is the most common type of fuel air mixture transfer used on modern two-stroke engines Suzuki was one of the first manufacturers outside of Europe to adopt loop scavenge two-stroke engines this operational feature was used in conjunction with the expansion chamber exhaust developed by German motorcycle manufacturer MZ and Walter Cardin loop scavenging disc valves and expansion chambers worked in a highly coordinated way to significantly increase the power output of two-stroke engines particularly from the Japanese manufacturers Suzuki Yamaha and Kawasaki Suzuki and Yamaha enjoyed success in Grand Prix motorcycle racing in the 1960s due in no small way to the increased power afforded by loop scavenging an additional benefit of loop scavenging was the piston could be made nearly flat or slightly dome shaped which allowed the piston to be appreciably lighter and stronger and consequently to tolerate higher engine speeds the flat top piston also has better thermal properties and is less prone to uneven heating expansion piston seizures dimensional changes in compression losses built 750 and 850 CC 3 cylinder engines based on a dkw design that proved reasonably successful employing loop charging the original Saab 92 had a two cylinder engine of comparatively low efficiency at cruising speed reflected wave exhaust port blocking occurred at to lower frequency using the asymmetric 3 port exhaust manifold employed in the identical dkw engine improved fuel economy the 750 CC standard engine produced 36 to 42 horsepower depending on the model year the Monte Carlo Rally variant 750 CC with a filled crankshaft for higher bass compression generated 65 horsepower and 850 CC version was available in the 1966 sub sport a standard trim model in comparison to the deluxe trim of the Monte Carlo bass compression comprises a portion of the overall compression ratio of a two-stroke engine work published at sae in 2012 points that loop scavenging is under every circumstance more efficient than cross flow scavenging topic Uniflow scavenged in a unify in the mixture or charge air in the case of a diesel enters at one end of the cylinder controlled by the piston and the exhaust exits at the other end controlled by an exhaust valve or piston the scavenging gas flow is therefore in one direction only hence the name Uniflow the valve derangement is common in on-road off-road and stationary two-stroke engines Detroit Diesel certain small marine two-stroke engines gray marine certain railroad two-stroke diesel locomotives electro-motive diesel and large marine two-stroke main propulsion engines wärtsilä ported types are represented by the opposed piston design in which there are two Pistons in each cylinder working in opposite directions such as the Junkers Jumo 205 and Napier Deltic the ones populace split single design falls into this class being effectively a folded Uniflow with advanced angle exhaust timing Uniflow engines can be supercharged with a crank shaft driven piston or roots blower topic stepped piston engine the piston of this engine is top hat shaped the upper section forms the regular cylinder and the lowest section performs a scavenging function the units run in pairs with the lower half of one piston charging an adjacent combustion chamber this system is still partially dependent on total loss lubrication for the upper part of the piston the other parts being some lubricated with cleanliness and reliability benefits the piston weight is only about 20% heavier than a loop scavenge piston because skirt thicknesses can be less Bernhard Hooper engineering limited vhe is one of the more recent engine developers using this approach topic power valve systems many modern two-stroke engines employ a power valve system the valves are normally in or around the exhaust ports they work in one of two ways either they alter the exhaust port by closing off the top part of the port which alters port timing such as Rotax Rav II ya Mohammed EVs Honda RC valve Kawasaki ki PS Cagiva CTS or Suzuki AET C systems or by altering the volume of the exhaust which changes the resonant frequency of the expansion chamber such as the Suzuki SAE C and Honda VTEC system the result is an engine with better low-speed power without sacrificing high speed power however as power valves are in the hot gas flow they need regular maintenance to perform well pick direct injection direct injection has considerable advantages in two-stroke engines eliminating some of the waste and pollution caused by carbureted to strokes where a proportion of the fuel-air mixture entering the cylinder goes directly out unburned through the exhaust port two systems are in use low-pressure air assisted injection and high-pressure injection since the fuel does not pass through the crankcase a separate source of lubrication is needed topic diesel diesel engines rely solely on the heat of compression for ignition in the case of shneail ported and loop scavenged engines intake and exhaust happens via piston controlled ports a Uniflow diesel engine takes in air via scavenge ports and exhaust gases exit through an overhead poppet valve two-stroke diesels are all scavenged by forced induction some designs use a mechanically driven roots blower whilst marine diesel engines normally use exhaust driven turbochargers with electrically driven auxilary blowers for low-speed operation when exhaust turbochargers are unable to deliver enough air marine two-stroke diesel engines directly coupled to the propeller are able to start and run in either direction is required the fuel injection and valve timing is mechanically readjusted by using a different set of cams on the camshaft thus the engine can be run in Reverse to move the vessel backwards topic lubrication most small petrol two-stroke engines cannot be lubricated by oil contained in their crankcase and sump since the crankcase is being used to pump fuel air mixture into the cylinder over a short period the constant stream of fuel air mixture would carry away the lubricating oil into the combustion chamber while thinning the remainder with condensing petrol traditionally the moving parts both rotating crankshaft and sliding piston were instead lubricated by a pre-mixed fuel oil mixture at a ratio between 16 to 1 and 100 to 1 as late as the 1970s petrol stations would often have a separate pump to deliver such a premix fuel to motorcycles even then in many cases the rider would carry a bottle of their own two-stroke oil two-stroke oils which became available worldwide in the 1970s are specifically designed to mix with petrol and be burnt in the combustion chamber without leaving undo unburned oil or ash this led to a marked reduction in spark plug fouling which had previously been a factor in two-stroke engines more recent two-stroke engines might pump lubrication from a separate tank of two-stroke oil the supply of this oil is controlled by the throttle position and engine speed examples are found in Yamahas PW ATP we a small 80 cc two-stroke dirt bike designed for young children and many two-stroke snowmobiles the technology is referred to as Auto lube this is still a total loss system with the oil being burnt the same as in the premix system however given that the oil is not properly mixed with the fuel when burned in the combustion chamber it translates into a slightly more efficient lubrication this lubrication method also pays dividends in terms of user friendliness by eliminating the user's need to mix the gasoline at every refill makes the motor much less susceptible to atmospheric conditions ambient temperature elevation and ensures proper engine lubrication with less oil at light loads such as idle and more oil at high loads such as full throttle some companies such as Bombardier had some oil pump designs have no oil injected at idle to reduce smoke levels as the loading on the engine parts was light enough to not require additional lubrication beyond the low levels that the fuel provides ultimately oil injection is still the same as pre-mixed gasoline in that the oil is burnt in the combustion chamber albeit not as completely as pre-mixed and the gas is still mixed with the oil although not as thoroughly as in premix in addition this method requires extra mechanical parts to pump the oil from the separate tank to the carburetor or throttle body in applications where performance simplicity and/or dry way two significant considerations the premix lubrication method is almost always used for example a two-stroke engine in a motocross bike pays major consideration to performance simplicity and weight chainsaws and brush cutters must be as light as possible to reduce user fatigue in hazard especially when used in a professional work environment all two-stroke engines running on a petrol oil mix will suffer oil starvation if forced to rotate at speed with the throttle closed eg motorcycles descending long hills and perhaps when decelerating gradually from high speed by changing down through the gears two-stroke cars such as those that were popular in Eastern Europe in the mid 20th century were in particular danger and were usually fitted with freewheel mechanisms in the powertrain allowing the engine to idle when the throttle was closed requiring the use of the brakes in all slowing situations large two-stroke engines including diesels normally use a sump lubrication system similar to four-stroke engines the cylinder must still be pressurized but this is not done from the crankcase but by an ancillary roots type blower or a specialized turbocharger usually a turbo compressor system which has a locked compressor for starting and during which it is powered by the engines crankshaft but which is unlocked for running and during which it is powered by the engines exhaust gases flowing through the turbine topic two-stroke reversibility for the purpose of this discussion it is convenient to think in motorcycle terms where the exhaust pipe faces into the cooling air stream and the crankshaft commonly spins in the same axis and direction as to the wheels ie forward some of the considerations discussed here apply to four-stroke engines which cannot reverse their direct of rotation without considerable modification almost all of which spin forward to regular gasoline two-stroke engines will run backwards for short periods and under light load with little problem and this has been used to provide a reversing facility in micro cars such as the messerschmitt kr200 that lacked reverse gearing where the vehicle has electric starting the motor will be turned off and restarted backwards by turning the key in the opposite direction two-stroke golf carts have used a similar kind of system traditional flywheel Magneto's using contact breaker points but no external coil worked equally well in Reverse because the cam controlling the points is symmetrical breaking contact before top dead center TDC equally well whether running forwards or backwards Reed valve engines will run backwards just as well as piston controlled porting though rotary valve engines have a symmetrical Inlet timing and will not run very well there are serious disadvantages to running many engines backwards under load for any length of time and some of these reasons are general applying equally to both two-stroke and four-stroke engines this disadvantage is accepted in most cases where cost weight and size are major considerations the problem comes about because in forwards running the major thrust faced of the piston is on the back face of the cylinder which in a two-stroke particularly is the coolest and best lubricated part the forward face of the piston in a trunk engine is less well suited to be the major thrust face since it covers and uncovers the exhaust port in the cylinder the hottest part of the engine where piston lubrication is at its most marginal the front face of the piston is also more vulnerable since the exhaust port the largest in the engine is in the front wall of the cylinder piston skirts and rings risk being extruded into this port so it is always better to have them pressing hardest on the opposite wall where there are only the transfer ports in a cross flow engine and there is good support in some engines the small end is offset to reduce thrust in the intended rotational direction and the forward face of the piston has been made thinner and lighter to compensate but when running backwards this weaker forward phase suffers increased mechanical stress it was not designed to resist this can be avoided by the use of cross heads and also using thrust bearings to isolate the engine from end loads large two-stroke ship diesels are sometimes made to be reversible like four-stroke ship engines some of which are also reversible they use mechanically operated valves so require additional camshaft mechanisms these engines use cross heads to eliminate sort of thrust on the piston and isolate the under piston space from the crankcase on top of other considerations the oil pump of a modern two-stroke may not work in Reverse in which case the engine will suffer oil starvation within a short time running a motorcycle engine backwards is relatively easy to initiate and in rare cases can be triggered by a backfire it is not advisable model airplane engines with reed valves can be mounted in either tractor or pusher configuration without needing to change the propeller these motors are compression-ignition so there are no ignition timing issues and little difference between running forward and running backward topic see also equals equals notes | wikipedia tts | UCrpY3RRy905oE3SERqJTmBw | 2019-07-06 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 3,870 | 23,614 |
Ub5tlcwpR_0 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ub5tlcwpR_0 | Frank H. Westheimer | Wikipedia audio article | frank henry Westheimer january 15 1912 to april 14 2007 was an American chemist he taught at the University of Chicago from 1936 to 1954 and at Harvard University from 1953 to 1983 becoming the Morris lobe professor of chemistry in 1960 and professor emeritus in 1983 the Westheimer Medal was established in his honor in 2002 Westheimer did pioneering work in physical organic chemistry applying techniques from physical to organic chemistry and integrating the two fields he explored the mechanisms of chemical and enzymatic reactions and made fundamental theoretical advances Westheimer worked with John gamble Kirkwood on the biram electrostatic analysis of carboxylic acids with joseph edward Mayer on the calculation of molecular mechanics explored the mechanisms of enzyme catalysis with Berg at Van Zeeland and determined the mechanisms of chromic acid oxidations and kinetic isotope effects he received the National Medal of Science in 1986 for his series of extraordinary original and penetrating investigations of the mechanisms of organic and enzymic reactions which have played an unequalled role in the advancement of our knowledge of the ways in which chemical and biochemical processes proceed topic early life and education frank henry Westheimer was born on january 15 1912 to henry f Westheimer 1872 1960 and carry c bergen der Westheimer 1887 to 1972 of baltimore maryland he graduated from Dartmouth College in 1932 he went on to Harvard University where he earned his master's in chemistry in 1933 and his doctorate in chemistry in 1935 Westheimer came to Harvard hoping to do research with james bryant conant when told that Conant would not take on new students Westheimer out waited him and was finally accepted as his last graduate student Westheimer did some work on semi car besson at Conant suggestion kannan also suggested that Westheimer worked during the summer with Alice of Corwin at Johns Hopkins University by doing porphyrin synthesis with Corwin Westheimer gained needed laboratory experience in 1933 Condon became president of Harvard in 1933 and ceased doing research nonetheless conan's interactions with Westheimer had a lasting effect impressing Westheimer with the need to do important things the notion that Conant essentially was saying well that problem is alright but good God you can do better was very important to me from then on I tried to ask myself about problems whether they were really worth the investment of time Westheimer completed his PhD with EP collar although Westheimer described colors organic chemistry classes marvelous Kohler gave Westheimer little direction or feedback about his research which was largely self-directed another of koehlers students max Tischler expanded upon some of Westheimer x' research leading to a co publication on the derivation of a furin all in 1935 and 1936 as a National Research Council fellow Westheimer worked with physical chemist Lewis P Hammett at Columbia University Hemet was a founder of the field of physical organic chemistry topic courier you Westheimer taught at the university of chicago from 1936 to 1954 and at harvard university from 1953 to 1983 he served as chairman of the chemistry department at Harvard from 1959 to 1962 he became the Morris lobe professor of chemistry at Harvard in 1960 he retired from teaching to became professor emeritus in 1983 and retired from research in 1988 topic university of chicago Westheimer 'he's first academic appointment was an independent research associate chip at the university of chicago from 1936-1937 he became an instructor in 1937 and a professor in 1948 as a lecturer in chemistry he taught the university's first course in physical organic chemistry during Westheimer second year at chicago john gamble Kirkwood taught their Westheimer worked with Kirkwood on problems in organic chemistry involving electrostatics Westheimer related electrostatics to their effects on the properties of organic compounds Kirkwood and Westheimer published for classical papers developing fundamental ideas in enzymology about the theory of the electrostatic influence of substituents on the dissociation constants of organic acids they developed a biram electrostatic analysis of carboxylic acids their Kirkwood Westheimer model for an ellipsoid cavity reconciles the work of Niels barramundi basic acids with that of Arnold you can Don dipole substituted acids showing that they could coexist in the same physical world elaborations and fuller testing of their ideas have required 40 years in the development of computers during World War two from 1943 to 1945 Westheimer worked for the National Defence Research Committee he was a supervisor at the explosives research laboratory in Bruceton Pennsylvania he did research on nitric acid discovering a new acidity function for nitration reactions he hesitated to discuss his work on the triphenyl carbonyl series with physical chemists because of the secrecy requirements of the project other researchers such as Christopher Ingold were first to publish in the area Westheimer was also influenced by the development of statistical mechanics by physicists joseph edward mayer and maria Gobert Mayer who moved to the University of Chicago in 1945 Westheimer applied the principles of statistical mechanics to the structure of organic molecules to better understand the ways in which molecules are assembled from atoms Westheimer first consulted mayer about applying techniques from statistical mechanics to the racemization of optically active biffle's all of his calculate were worked out by hand the work became a model for studies of other elements and is considered foundational the field of molecular mechanics as it is now known has wide applications in 1943 Westheimer began publishing on the mechanisms of chromic acid oxidations publishing of masterly review of the area in 1949 in 1950 university of chicago biochemist Birgit Wenzel and approached vens hland about a project she and her student harvey fischer were doing involving isotopes in enzyme reactions vens hland had developed a project involving the fate of hydrogen atoms in alcohol dehydrogenase ven's Lind and Fischer's results were puzzling in that a specific hydrogen in the pair at c1 and ethanol appeared to be uniquely reactive in the presence of the enzyme Westheimer joined the project and helped develop an explanation based on the idea of an N shoulda pissah T to explain how the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase removed hydrogen from the alcohol molecule enabling the body to metabolize alcohol the researchers published two classic papers in 1953 the first demonstration of the enzymatic discrimination between the two enantiotopic hydrogen atoms on the methylene carbon atom of ethanol the phenomenon they reported was not named an nto specificity until much later Westheimer designed additional experiments that proved their initial conjecture and established the isotope based chirality of enzymes this work was essential to understanding capacity the enantiotopic and diastereotopic relationships between groups or atoms within molecules in 2006 their 1953 paper part 1 received a citation for chemical breakthrough award from the division of the history of chemistry of the American Chemical Society topic Harvard University in 1953 soon after completing the work on alcohol dehydrogenase Westheimer moved to Harvard University he continued his interest in reaction mechanisms isotopes and oxidation in 1955 Westheimer published the first of many articles on the chemistry of phosphate esters and phosphorus derivatives he proposed that ATP transfers phosphate through a reactive monomeric meta phosphate species while this did not turn out to be the literal case many enzymatic reactions do proceed through transition states that have this as a significant component in a 1961 article Westheimer applied ideas from statistical mechanics to the effects of isotopic substitution on the reactivity of organic molecules his work on the magnitude of kinetic isotope effects case is still the basis of understanding in the field transition state structures dependence on the kinetic isotope effect is known as the Westheimer affect the standard non tunneling approach to cases developed from Westheimer and lars Melander the Melander Westheimer postulate has successfully predicted the ways in which Kyson transition state tias structures vary Westheimer introduced the idea of photo affinity labeling of the active site of proteins the identification of the active sites of an enzyme is difficult in cases where proteins have hydrocarbon rich sites in 1962 Westheimer and others demonstrated the synthesis of p nitro phenol diazo acetate and the subsequent a collation of chymotrypsin to form diaz o acetyl chymotrypsin which was then fertilized the introduction of an aliphatic dye as O group into a bi functional reagent enabled it to react with the enzyme the photo level generated a reactive carbon oyd species capable of inserting into hydrocarbon CH bonds Westheimer also approached the reactions of phosphate transfer through mechanisms that involve five Co ordinate intermediates in 1968 Westheimer examined pseudo rotation in phosphate ester chemistry and predicted the occurrence of pseudo rotation of oxy phosphor ends he showed the significance of this route and the importance of stereo chemical rearrangements of the intermediate Westheimer developed a set of guidelines base experimental observations also known as Westheimer x' rules they have been widely used for describing and predicting the products and stereochemistry of substitution reactions involving phosphorus Westheimer 1987 paper in science why nature chose phosphates discusses the importance of phosphates as signaling and building blocks for living organisms phosphates possessive value of PKA that allows them to be doubly ionized at physiological pH the singly ionized form in the phosphodiester linkages of nucleic acids resists being hydrolyzed by water but is not so stable that it won't undergo enzymatic hydrolysis this work continues to challenge and inspire researchers studying biological chemistry and reactions in RNA DNA and ribosomes awards and honors you Westheimer became a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1954 and a foreign member of the Royal Society of London in 1983 he chaired the National Academy of Sciences committee for the survey of chemistry from 1964 to 1965 chemistry opportunities and needs also known as the Westheimer report encouraged the federal government to increase spending on fundamental research in chemistry to achieve parity with other physical sciences it identified biochemistry as a promising and overlooked area for medical and pharmaceutical research the report's recommendations were implemented and it is still considered to be comprehensive definitive and forward-looking Westheimer was a member of President Lyndon Johnson science advisory committee from 1967 to 1970 Westheimer served on the Council of the National Academy of Sciences for two terms from 1973 to 1975 in 1976 to 1978 as well as being a counsellor of the American Philosophical Society 1981 to 1984 and Secretary of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 1985 to 1990 as well as emphasizing the need for fundamental research Westheimer was concerned about other political issues he argued against wars in Vietnam in Iraq he was aware of environmental issues supporting measures to decrease pollution combat global warming increase energy conservation and develop alternative energy sources he advocated that science needed to be taught in new ways to better educate non scientists about scientific issues among Westheimer x' many honors are the US National Academy Award in chemical sciences in 1980 the Robert a Welch foundation award in 1982 the US National Medal of Science in 1986 the Priestley medal in 1988 the reply j'en award for the chemistry of biological processes in 1992 and the nakanishi Prize in 1997 over a span of four decades Westheimer repeatedly demonstrated an ability to take up a fundamental scientific problem one that appeared either insoluble are very difficult and to solve it in an elegant and completely definitive way he enjoyed going on to new challenges more than exploiting the large new areas that he had opened up Elias James quarry 2007 the Westheimer medal was established in his honor in 2002 the medal is awarded by Harvard University for distinguished research into the field of chemistry particularly in the areas of organic and biological chemistry topic family Frank H Westheimer was married in 1937 to Jeannie Freedman 1915 to 2001 they had two children Ellen Westheimer and Ruth Susan Westheimer topic references topic external links McClafferty Fred W a Bruna act or D a conversation with Fred W McClafferty 2006 90 minute video for Cornell University Center for oral history Frank H Westheimer science history Institute Gord allure Leon the fifth of January 1979 Frank H Westheimer transcript of an interview conducted by Leon Gore ler at Harvard University on four in the fifth of January 1979 PDF Philadelphia Pennsylvania Beckman's Center for the history of chemistry krummy William J October 3rd 2002 new chemistry medal is established named for professor emeritus Frank Westheimer the Harvard Gazette retrieved the 6th of March 2018 topic obituaries Corey EJ April 19th 2007 Frank H Westheimer major figure in 20th century chemistry dies at 95 Harvard Gazette retrieved the 6th of March 2018 Pierce Jeremy April 21st 2007 Frank Westheimer 95 who developed model valuable in biochemistry dies the New York Times Wang Linda the 23rd of April 2007 Frank Westheimer dies at 95 chemical and engineering news 85 1710 joy 10.10 to 1c e & v o8 5 no.17 po1 o retrieved the 6th of March 2018 | wikipedia tts | UCsPs4JQVxo2-IjKMs4NkZPg | 2018-11-22 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 2,167 | 13,833 |
NNNykEpTyTU | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NNNykEpTyTU | CIRI and the Witcher Series at Netflix Controversy | greetings my name is marcus of Rivia and i am Gerald's cousin and today i want to elaborate on the barbarism of having serie cost as a non-white girl so for anyone who does not know of this controversy yet it is because Netflix will do a series on The Witcher and they're searching for the actor or actress for Siri will be a non-white girl now this is obviously highly problematic and the reason for that is that Siri is a very pale girl with green eyes and white hair and they want to change the Lord to accommodate for diversity I think a fancy setting is quite diverse as it is you don't need to put in different human races in it you can put in elves and dwarves and Dragons and stuff like that then you will have all the diversity you want in it and also speaking to which I'm just going to throw in here that The Witcher tree is probably the best game I have ever played and I'm still waiting to play blood and wine and I will do so soon I think you'll need to read The Witcher books themselves first before I play that but anyway that I might make not a video on the game itself because it's so good it's so full of rich folklore Eastern European primarily polish folklore now with Netflix want to come in and turn this into something completely different and outer two aspects I would like to point out there first there is a political aspect for anyone who is not aware of Poland and Hungary or currently in a bit of a fight with EU in regards to not wanting to replace your own population so we have the great replacement of Europe's native population going on full steam ahead in in France Germany Sweden for example Poland and Hungary are saying note this because why would they won't replace their own people that's nothing short of evil so they're saying no today's so is already a cultural conflict of sorts between the liberal leftist establishments over the more Western European nations and the glorious nation of Poland for example who are saying you know we don't want this we don't want this development you see in Sweden in France and Belgium for example and let's be really have to be quite [ __ ] to support the current ongoings in Western Europe simple as that but that is one aspect of it all one a cultural struggle between a sane Poland and a very much insane Western establishment so that's one aspect the second aspect is they say they want Syria to be a non-white girl so non white girls will be able to relate to Syria but then the first question in my mind do you not want young white girls to be able to identify a theory she is a white girl off trolls so let's just leave it at that and she can be white girl even in the series now the second point is I do think that these non-white girls can identify with even if she's not the same color as them I think they can say oh here is a cool girl who does these things and relate her anyway I don't see any problem in that and take another example I grew up with a lot of Chinese films and I still like Chinese films because they portray good traditional perennial values so Jet Li was my favorite actor growing up and I like Chinese culture I have great respect for Chinese culture and in terms of gaming total war will release its next epic historic title next year which will be set in China for me as a European man I don't need a lot of Europeans put into that historic context to be able to identify with someone I want there to be a genuine Chinese feeling to the game so I can immerse myself in China during the two hundreds that is what I want I don't want there to be forced in some diversity for sake of it and I do think and I do hope that absolute majority of non-white girls or guys will mature or want it as a genuine Eastern European mythology and folklore based around the medieval Europe so if you do not see the more sinister motives in this then that is what all I have to say to you but obviously there are more sinister motives in this in the is to constantly hack away at white identity and in this case polish identity so anyway my conclusion boycott this series if they decide upon having ciri as a non-white girl or a girl who looks different than she does in the actual Alaura so I won't save it to have green eyes white hair and the very pale everything else is to detract from the lower so thanks for watching xoxo boo [Music] | The Golden One | UCN0-RRaxMgh86eOwndAklxw | 2018-09-17 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 837 | 4,347 |
rnU-FYIVdb4 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rnU-FYIVdb4 | 1954 Guatemalan coup d'état | Wikipedia audio article | the 1954 Guatemalan coup d'etat was a covert operation carried out by the US Central Intelligence Agency CIA that deposed the democratically elected Guatemalan president yeah Cobo Arbenz and ended the Guatemalan Revolution of 1944 to 1954 codenamed operation PBS UCC ESS it installed the military dictatorship of Carlos Castillo Armas the first in a series of us-backed authoritarian rulers in Guatemala the Guatemalan Revolution began in 1944 when a popular uprising toppled the authoritarian jorge yubico and brought Juan Jose R a volatile our vehicle anomalies first democratic election the new president introduced a minimum wage in near universal suffrage aiming to turn Guatemala into a liberal democracy Arevalo was succeeded by Arbenz in 1951 who instituted popular land reforms which granted property to landless peasants the Guatemalan revolution was disliked by the United States federal government which was predisposed by the Cold War to see it as communist this perception grew after Arbenz took power and legalized the Communist Party the United Fruit Company UFC whose highly profitable business had been affected by the end to exploitative labor practices in Guatemala engaged in an influential lobbying campaign to persuade the u.s. to overthrow the Guatemalan government US president Harry Truman authorized operation PBF ortu and e to topple Arbenz in 1952 although the operation was quickly aborted it was a precursor to PBS UCC ESS Dwight D Eisenhower was elected US president in 1952 promising to take a harder line against communism the links that his staff members John Foster Dulles and Allen Dulles had to the UFC also predisposed them to act against the Guatemalan government additionally the US federal government drew exaggerated conclusions about the extent of communist influence from the presence of a small number of communists among Arbenz advisers Eisenhower authorized the CIA to carry out operation PBS UCC ESS in August 1953 the CIA armed funded and trained a force of 400 led by Carlos Castillo Armas the clue was preceded by US efforts to criticize an isolate Guatemala internationally Castillo Armas force invaded Guatemala on the 18th of June 1954 backed by a heavy campaign of psychological warfare this included a radio station which broadcast anti-government propaganda and a version of military events favorable to the rebellion claiming to be genuine news as well as bombings of Guatemala City and a naval blockade of Guatemala the invasion force fared poorly militarily and most of its offensives were defeated however psychological warfare and the possibility of a US invasion intimidated the Guatemalan army which eventually refused to fight Arbenz briefly and unsuccessfully attempted to arm civilians to resist the invasion before resigning on the 27th of June Castillo Armas became president ten days later following negotiations in San Salvador described as the definitive death blow to democracy in Guatemala the coup is widely criticized internationally and contributed to long-lasting anti-us sentiment in Latin America attempting to justify the coup the CIA launched Operation pbh I sto R Y which sought evidence of Soviet influence in Guatemala among documents from the Arbenz era the effort was a failure Castillo Armas quickly assumed dictatorial powers banning opposition parties imprisoning and torturing political opponents and reversing the social reforms of the revolution nearly four decades of civil war followed as leftist guerrillas fought a series of us-backed authoritarian regimes whose brutalities included a genocide of the Maya Peoples historical background topic Monroe Doctrine US President James Monroe 'z foreign policy doctrine of 1823 warned the European powers against further colonization in Latin America the stated aim of the Monroe Doctrine was to maintain order and stability and to ensure that US access to resources and markets was not limited historian mark Gilder has states that the doctrine also contained racially condescending language which likened Latin American countries to squabbling children while the u.s. did not initially have the power to enforce the doctrine over the course of the 19th century many European powers withdrew from Latin America allowing the u.s. to expand its sphere of influence throughout the region in 1895 President Grover Cleveland laid out a more militant version of the doctrine stating that the US was practically sovereign on the continent following the spanish-american war in 1898 this aggressive interpretation was used to create a u.s. economic Empire across the Caribbean such as with the 1903 treaty with Cuba that was heavily tilted in the u.s. favor u.s. President Theodore Roosevelt believed that the US should be the main beneficiary of production in Central America the u.s. enforced this hegemony with armed interventions in Nicaragua 1912 to 33 in Haiti 1915 to 34 the u.s. did not need to use its military might in Guatemala where a series of dictators were willing to accommodate the economic interests of the u.s. in return for its support for their regimes Guatemala was among the Central American countries of the period known as a Banana Republic from 1890 to 1920 control of Guatemala's resources and its economy shifted away from Britain and Germany to the US which became Guatemala's dominant trade partner the Monroe Doctrine continued to be seen as relevant to Guatemala and was used to justify the coup in 1954 topic authoritarian governments and the United Fruit Company following a surge in global coffee demand in the late 19th century the Guatemalan government made several concessions to plantation owners it passed legislation that dispossessed the communal land holdings of the indigenous population and allowed coffee growers to purchase it Manuel Estrada Cabrera president of Guatemala from 1898 to 1920 was one of several rulers who made large concessions to foreign companies including the United Fruit Company UFC formed in 1899 by the merger of two large US corporations the new entity owned large tracts of land across Central America and in Guatemala controlled the railroads the docks and the communication systems by 1900 it had become the largest exporter of bananas in the world and had a monopoly over the Guatemalan banana trade historian William bloom describes ufc's role in guatemala as a state within a state the US government was also closely involved with the Guatemalan state under Cabrera frequently dictating financial policies and ensuring that American companies were granted several exclusive rights when Cabrera was overthrown in 1920 the u.s. sent an armed force to make certain that the new President remained friendly to it fearing a popular revolt following the unrest created by the Great Depression wealthy Guatemalan landowners lent their support to Jorge yubico who won an uncontested election in 1931 youbecause regime became one of the most repressive in the region he abolished debt peonage replacing it with a vagrancy law which stipulated that all landless men of working age needed to perform a minimum of 100 days of forced labor annually he authorized landowners to take any actions they wished against their workers including executions yubico was an admirer of European fascist leaders such as Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler but had to ally with the US for geopolitical reasons and received substantial support from this country throughout his reign a staunch anti-communist yubico reacted to several peasant rebellions with incarceration and massacres by 1930 the UFC had built an operating capital of 200 fifteen million u.s. dollars and had been the largest landowner and employer in Guatemala for several years yubico granted it a new contract which was immensely favorable to the company this included two hundred thousand hectares four hundred ninety thousand acres of public land an exemption from all taxes and a guarantee that no other company would receive any competing contract yubico requested the UFC to cap the daily salary of its workers at fifty US cents so that workers and other companies would be less able to demand higher wages topic Guatemalan Revolution and presidency of our avala the repressive policies of the yubico government resulted in a popular uprising led by University students and middle class citizens in 1944 yubico fled handing over power to a three-person hooda which continued youbecause policies until it too was toppled by the october revolution that aimed to transform guatemala into a liberal democracy the largely free election that followed installed a philosophically conservative university professor Juan Jose Arevalo as the president of Guatemala are availa administration drafted a more liberal labor code built health centers and increased funding to education our Ivalo to employ landless laborers he also cracked down on the Communist Guatemalan Party of Labor Party de Guatemala TECA del trabajo PGT and in 1945 criminalized all labor unions in workplaces with fewer than 500 workers by 1947 the remaining unions had grown strong enough to pressure him into drafting a new labor code which made workplace discrimination illegal and created health and safety standards however RA valo refused to advocate land reform of any kind and stopped short of drastically changing labor relations in the countryside despite RA Veloz and e communism the US was suspicious of him and worried that he was under Soviet influence the communist movement did grow stronger during RA Veloz presidency partly because he released its imprisoned leaders and also through the strength of its teachers union another cause for us worry was our availa support of the Caribbean Legion the Legion was a group of progressive exiles and revolutionaries whose members included Fidel Castro that aimed to overthrow us back dictatorship across Central America the government also faced opposition from within the country re vollis survived at least 25 coup attempts during his presidency a notable example was an attempt in 1949 led by Francisco Arana which was foiled in an armed shootout between Iran his supporters in a force led by RA veil as defense minister Jakob o Arbenz Aranda was among those killed but details of the coup attempt were never made public other sources of opposition to RA Veloz government were the twing politicians and conservatives within the military who had grown powerful during youbecause dictatorship as well as the clergy of the Catholic Church topic presidency of Arbenz and land reform the largely free elections of 1950 were won by the popular Arbenz and represented the first transfer of power between democratically elected leaders in Guatemala Arbenz had personal ties to some members of the Communist PGT which was legalized during his government and a couple of members played a role in drafting the new president's policies nonetheless Arbenz did not try to turn guatemala into a communist state instead choosing a moderate capitalist approach the PGT to committed itself to working within the existing legal framework to achieve its immediate objectives of emancipating peasants from feudalism and improving workers rights the most prominent component of Arbenz policy was his agrarian reform bill Arbenz drafted the bill himself having sought advice from economists across latin america the focus of the law was on transferring uncultivated land from large landowners to poor laborers who would then be able to begin viable farms of their own the official title of the agrarian reform bill was decree 900 it expropriated all uncultivated land from land holdings that were larger than 673 acres 272 hectares if the estates were between 224 acres 91 hectares and 672 acres 272 hectares uncultivated land was to be expropriated only if less than 2/3 of it was in use the owners were compensated with government bonds the value of which was equal to that of the land expropriated the value of the land itself was what the owners had declared it to be in their tax returns in 1952 of the nearly 350,000 private land holdings only 1710 were affected by expropriation the law was implemented with great speed which resulted in some arbitrary land seizures there was also some violence directed at landowners as well as at peasants that had miner land holdings by June 1954 1 million four hundred thousand acres 570 thousand hectares of land had been expropriated and distributed approximately 500,000 individuals or one-sixth of the population had received land by this point contrary to the predictions made by detractors the law result in a slight increase in Guatemalan agricultural productivity and in an increase in cultivated area purchases of farm machinery also increased overall the law resulted in a significant improvement in living standards for many thousands of peasant families the majority of whom were indigenous people historian Greg Grandin sees the law as representing a fundamental power shift in favor of the hitherto marginalized topic Genesis and Prelude topic United Fruit Company lobbying by 1950 the United Fruit company's annual profits were 65 million US dollars twice as large as the revenue of the government of Guatemala the company also virtually owned Porto Barrios Guatemala's only port to the Atlantic Ocean allowing it to make profits from the flow of goods through the port due to its long association with youbecause government Guatemalan revolutionaries saw the UFC as an impediment to progress after 1944 this image was reinforced by the company's discriminatory policies against its workers of color due to its size the reforms of RA Veloz government affected the UFC more than other companies among other things the new labor code allowed UFC workers to strike when their demands for higher wages and job security were not met the company saw itself as being specifically targeted by the reforms and refused to negotiate with the numerous sets of strikers despite frequently being in violation of the new laws the company's troubles were compounded with the passage of decree 900 in 1952 of the 550,000 acres 220,000 hectares that the company owned only 15% was being cultivated the rest was idle and thus came under the scope of the agrarian reform law the UFC responded by intensively lobbying the US government several congressmen criticized the Guatemalan government for not protecting the interests of the company the Guatemalan government replied that the company was the main obstacle to progress in the country American Historians observed that to the Guatemalans it appeared that their country was being mercilessly exploited by foreign interests which took huge profits without making any contributions to the nation's welfare in 1953 200,000 acres 81 thousand hectares of uncultivated land was expropriated by the government which offered the company compensation at the rate of 2.99 US dollars to the acre 7.39 US dollars per hectare twice what the company had paid when it bought the property more expropriation occurred soon after bringing the total to over 400,000 acres 160,000 hectares the government offered compensation to the company at the rate at which the UFC had valued its own property for tax purposes since this was a major under valuation the company was unhappy with its compensation resulting in further lobbying in Washington particularly through US Secretary of State John Foster Dulles who had close ties to the company the UFC also began a public relations campaign to discredit the Guatemalan government it hired Edward Bernays who mounted a concerted misinformation campaign for several years which portrayed the company as the victim of a communist Guatemalan government the company stepped up its efforts after Dwight Eisenhower was elected US president in 1952 these included commissioning a research study from a firm known to be hostile to social reform which produced a 235 page report that was highly critical of the Guatemalan government historians have stated that the report was full of exaggerations scurrilous descriptions and bizarre historical theories but it nonetheless had a significant impact on the members of Congress who read it overall the company spent over half a million dollars to convince lawmakers in the American public that the Guatemalan government needed to be overthrown topic operation PBF ortu and ii as the Cold War developed and the Guatemalan government clashed with US corporations on an increasing number of issues the US government grew increasingly suspicious of the Guatemalan Revolution in addition the Cold War predisposed the Truman administration to see the Guatemalan government as communist are availa is support for the Caribbean Legion also worried the Truman administration which side as a vehicle for communism rather than as the anti dictatorial force it was conceived as until the end of its term the Truman administration had relied on purely diplomatic and economic means to try and reduce the perceived communist influence the US had refused to sell arms to the Guatemalan government after 1944 in 1951 they began to block all weapons purchases by Guatemala the USS worries over communist influence increased after the election of Arbenz in 1951 and his enactment of decree 900 in 1952 in April 1952 Anastasio Somoza Garcia the dictator of Nicaragua made his first state visit to the US he made several public speeches praising the US and was awarded a medal by the New York City government during a meeting with Truman and his senior staff Somoza said that if the US gave him the arms he would clean up Guatemala the proposal did not receive much immediate support but Truman instructed the Central Intelligence Agency CIA to follow up on it the CIA contacted Carlos Castillo Armas a Guatemalan army officer who had been exiled from the country in 1949 following a failed coup attempt against President Arevalo believing that Castillo Armas would lead a coup with or without their assistance the CIA decided to supply him with weapons and 225,000 US dollars the coup was planned in detail over the next few weeks by the CIA the UFC and Somoza the CIA also contacted Marcos pérez jiménez of Venezuela and Rafael Trujillo of the Dominican Republic the two US backed dictators were supportive of the plan and agreed to contribute some funding although PBF ortu and E was officially approved on the 9th of September 1952 various planning steps had been taken earlier in the year in January 19 fifty-two officers in the CIA's Directorate of plans compiled a list of top-flight communists whom the new government would desire to eliminate immediately in the event of a successful anti-communist coup the CIA plan called for the assassination of over 58 Guatemalans as well as the arrests of many others the CIA put the plan into motion in late 1952 a freighter that had been borrowed from the UFC was specially refitted in New Orleans and loaded with weapons under the guise of agricultural machinery and set sail for Nicaragua however the plan was terminated soon after accounts of its termination vary some sources state that the State Department discovered the plan when a senior official was asked to sign a certain document while others suggest that Somoza was indiscreet the eventual outcome was that Secretary of State Dean Acheson called off the operation the CIA continued to support Castillo Armas it paid him a monthly retainer of three thousand US dollars and gave him the resources to maintain his rebel force topic Eisenhower administration during his successful campaign for the US presidency Dwight Eisenhower pledged to pursue a more proactive anti-communist policy promising to roll back communism rather than contain it working in an atmosphere of increasing McCarthyism in government circles Eisenhower was more willing than Truman to use the CIA to depose governments the u.s. disliked although PBF ortu and E had been quickly aborted tension between the u.s. and Guatemala continued to rise especially with the legalization of the Communists PGT and its inclusion in the government coalition for the elections of January 1953 articles published in the u.s. press often reflected this predisposition to see communist influence for example a New York Times article about the visit to Guatemala by Chilean poet Pablo Neruda highlighted his communist beliefs but neglected to mention his reputation as the greatest living poet in Latin America several figures in Eisenhower's administration including Secretary of State John Foster Dulles and his brother CIA director Allen Dulles had close ties to the United Fruit Company the Dulles brothers had worked for the law firm of Sullivan & Cromwell and in that capacity had arranged several deals for the US Undersecretary of State Walter Bedell Smith would later become a director of the company while the wife of the UFC public relations director was Eisenhower's personal assistant these personal connections meant that the Eisenhower administration tended to conflate the interests of the UFC with that of US national security interests and made it more willing to overthrow the Guatemalan government the success of the 1953 CIA operation to overthrow the democratically elected prime minister of Iran also strengthened Eisenhower's belief in using the agency to affect political change overseas historians and authors writing about the 1954 coup have debated the relative importance of the role of the United Fruit Company and the worries about communist influence whether or not these were grounded in reality in the USS decision to instigate the coup in 1954 several historians have maintained that the lobbying of the UFC and the expropriation of its lands were the chief motivation for the u.s. strengthened by the financial ties of individuals within the Eisenhower administration to the UFC others have argued that the overthrow is motivated primarily by US strategic interest the knowledge of the presence of a small number of communists close to Arbenz led the u.s. to reach incorrect conclusions about the extent of communist influence yet others have argued that the overthrow was part of a larger tendency within the u.s. to oppose nationalist movements in the third world both the role of the UFC and that of the perception of communist influence continue to be cited as motivations for the USS actions today topic operation PBS UCC ESS topic planning the CIA operation to overthrow Yakko bow Arbenz codenamed Operation PBS UCC ESS was authorized by Eisenhower in August 1953 the operation was granted a budget of 2.7 million u.s. dollars for psychological warfare and political action the total budget has been estimated at between five and seven million dollars and the planning employed over 100 CIA agents in addition the operation recruited scores of individuals from among guatemalan exiles and the populations of the surrounding countries the plans included drawing up lists of people within our Burns's government to be assassinated if the coup were to be carried out manuals of assassination techniques were compiled and lists were also made of people whom the hoon de would dispose of the State Department created a team of diplomats who would support PBS UCC ESS it was led by John Purifoy who took over as ambassador to Guatemala in October 1953 another member of the team was William de Polly a wealthy businessman and diplomat with extensive knowledge of the aviation industry Purifoy was a militant anti-communist and had proven his willingness to work with the CIA during his time as United States Ambassador to Greece under Purifoy tenure relations with the Guatemalan government soured further although those with the Guatemalan military improved in a report to John Dulles Purefoy stated that he was definitely convinced that if Arbenz is not a communist then he will certainly do until one comes along within the CIA the operation was headed by deputy director of plans Frank Wisner the field commander selected by Wisner was former US Army Colonel Albert Haney then chief of the CIA stationed in South Korea Haney reported directly to Wisner thereby separating PBS ucce SS from the CIA's Latin American division a decision which created some tension within the agency Haney decided to establish headquarters in a concealed office complex in opa-locka Florida codenamed Lincoln it became the nerve center of operation PBS ucce SS the CIA operate was complicated by a premature coup on the 29th of March 1953 with a feudal raid against the army garrison at Salama in the central Guatemalan department of baja verapaz the rebellion was swiftly crushed and a number of participants were arrested several CIA agents and allies were imprisoned weakening the coup effort thus the CIA came to rely more heavily on the Guatemalan exile groups and their anti-democratic allies in Guatemala the CIA considered several candidates to lead the coup Miguel eet Agora's Fuentes the conservative candidate who had lost the 1950 election to Arbenz held favour with the Guatemalan opposition but was rejected for his role in the yubico regime as well as his European appearance which was unlikely to appeal to the majority mixed-race mestizo population another popular candidate was the coffee planter Juan Cordova chana who had briefly served in our a valise cabinet before becoming the legal adviser to the UFC the death of his son in an anti-government uprising in 1950 turned him against the government and he had planned the unsuccessful Salama coup in 1953 before fleeing to join Castillo Armas in exile although his status as a civilian gave him an advantage over Castillo Armas he was diagnosed with throat cancer in 1954 taking him out of the reckoning thus it was Castillo Armas in exile since the failed 1949 coup and on the CIA's payroll since the aborted PBF ortu and II in 1951 who is to lead the coming coup Castillo Armas was given enough money to recruit a small force of mercenaries from among Guatemalan exiles and the populations of nearby countries this band was called the army of liberation the CIA established training camps in Nicaragua and Honduras and supplied them with weapons as well as several bombers the u.s. signed military agreements with both those countries prior to the invasion of Guatemala allowing it to move heavier arms freely these preparations were only superficially covert the CIA intended Arbenz to find out about them as a part of its plan to convince the Guatemalan people that the overthrow of Arbenz was a fait accompli additionally the CIA made covert contact with a number of church leaders throughout the Guatemalan countryside and persuaded them to incorporate anti-government messages into their sermons topic Caracas conference and US propaganda while preparations for operation PBS ucce SS were underway Washington issued a series of statements denouncing the Guatemalan government alleging that it had been infiltrated by communists the State Department also asked the Organization of American States to modify the agenda of the inter-american conference which was scheduled to be held in Caracas in March 1954 requesting the addition of an item titled intervention of international communism in the American republics which was widely seen as a move targeting Guatemala on 29 in the 30th of January 1954 the Guatemalan government published documents containing information leaked to it by a member of Castillo Armas team who had turned against him lacking in original documents the government had engaged in poor forgery to enhance the information it possessed undermining the credibility of its charges a spate of arrests followed of allies of Castillo Armas within Guatemala and the government issued statements implicating a government of the north in a plot to overthrow Arbenz Washington denied these allegations and the US media uniformly took the side of their government even publications which had until then provided relatively balanced coverage of Guatemala such as the Christian Science Monitor suggested that árbenz had succumbed to communist propaganda several congressmen also pointed to the allegations from the Guatemalan government as proof that it had become communist at the conference in Caracas the various Latin American government sought economic aid from the US as well as its continuing non intervention in their internal affairs the US government's aim was to pass a resolution condemning the supposed spread of communism in the Western Hemisphere the Guatemalan Foreign Minister Guillermo toriello argued strongly against the resolution stating that it represented the internationalization of McCarthyism despite support among the delegates for tour yellows views the anti-communist resolution passed with only Guatemala voting against because of the votes of dictatorship dependent on the US and the threat of economic pressure applied by John Dulles although support among the delegates for Dulles strident and E communism was less strong than he and Eisenhower had hoped for the conference marked a victory for the you s which was able to make concrete latin-american views on communism the US had stopped selling arms to Guatemala in 1951 while signing bilateral defense agreements and increasing arms shipments to neighboring Honduras and Nicaragua the u.s. promised the Guatemalan military that it too could obtain arms if Arbenz were deposed in 1953 the State Department aggravated the u.s. arms embargo by fording the Arbenz government's arms purchases from Canada Germany and Rhodesia by 1954 Arbenz had become desperate for weapons and decided to acquire them secretly from Czechoslovakia which would have been the first time that a Soviet bloc countries shipped weapons to the Americas an action seen as establishing a communist beachhead in the Americas the weapons were delivered to Guatemala at the Atlantic port of puerto barrios by the swedish freight ship ms alf m which sailed from stretching in poland the u.s. failed to intercept the shipment despite imposing an illegal naval quarantine on guatemala however Guatemalan army officers quoted in the New York Times said that some of the arms were duds worn-out or entirely wrong for use there the CIA portrayed the shipment of these weapons as Soviet interference in the United States backyard it was the final spur for the CIA to launch its coup u.s. rhetoric abroad also had an effect on the Guatemalan military the military had always been anti-communist an ambassador Purifoy had applied a lot of pressure on senior officers ever since his arrival in guatemala in october 1953 Arbenz had intended the secret shipment of weapons from the al femme to be used to bolster peasant militias in the event of army disloyalty but the u.s. informed army chiefs of the shipment forcing Arbenz to hand them over to the military and deepening the rift between him and his top generals topic Castillo Armas invasion Castillo Armas force of 480 men had been split into four teams ranging in size from 60 to 198 on the 15th of June 1954 these four forces left their bases in Honduras and El Salvador and assembled in various towns just outside the Guatemalan border the largest force was supposed to attack the Atlantic Harbor town of puerto barrios while the others attacked the smaller towns of esquipulas judy APPA and Zacapa the guatemalan army's largest frontier post the invasion plan quickly faced difficulties the sixty man force was intercepted and jailed by Salvadoran policemen before it got to the border at 8:20 a.m. on the 18th of June 1954 Castillo Armas led his invading troops over the border ten trained saboteurs preceded the invasion with the aim of blowing up railways in cutting telegraph lines at about the same time Castillo Armas planes flew over a pro-government rally in the capital Castillo Armas demanded Arbenz immediate surrender the invasion provoked a brief panic in the capital which quickly decreased as the rebels failed to make any striking moves bugged down by supplies and a lack of transportation Castillo Armas forces took several days to reach their targets although their planes blew up the bridge on the 19th of June when the rebels did reach their targets they met with further setbacks the force of 122 men targeting zacapa were intercepted and decisively beaten by a garrison of 30 Guatemalan soldiers with only 30 rebels escaping death or capture the force that attacked puerto barrios was dispatched by policeman and armed dockworkers with many of the rebels fleeing back to honduras in an effort to regain momentum the rebel planes tried air attacks on the capital these attacks caused little material damage but they had a significant psychological impact leading many citizens to believe that the invasion force was more powerful than it actually was the rebel bombers needed to fly out of the Nicaraguan capital of Managua as a result they had a limited payload a large number of them substituted dynamite or Molotov cocktails for bombs in an effort to create loud bangs with a lower payload the planes targeted ammunition depots parade grounds and other visible targets early in the morning on the 27th of June 1954 a CIA Lockheed p-38 M lightning attacked Puerto San Jose and dropped napalm bombs on the British cargo ship SS Springfield which was unchartered to the US company WR grace and company line and was being loaded with guatemalan cotton and coffee this incident cost the CIA 1 million US dollars in compensation on the 22nd of June another rebel plane bombed the hunter in town of san pedro de copan John Dulles claimed the attack had been by the Guatemalan air force thus avoiding diplomatic consequences the handful of bombers that the rebel forces had begun with were shot down by the Guatemalan army within a few days causing Castillo Armas to demand more from the CIA Eisenhower quickly agreed to provide these additional planes bolstering the rebel force William Paul II had a crucial role to play in the delivery of these aircraft topic psychological warfare Castillo Armas army of 480 men was not large enough to defeat the Guatemalan military even with us supplied aircraft therefore the plans for operation PBS UCC ESS called for a campaign of psychological warfare which would present Castillo Armas victory as a fait accompli to the Guatemalan people and would force Arbenz to resign the propaganda campaign had begun well before the invasion with the US Information Agency USIA writing hundreds of articles on Guatemala based on CIA reports and distributing tens of thousands of leaflets throughout Latin America the CIA persuaded friendly governments to screen video footage of Guatemala that supported the US version of events Alf M success in evading the quarantine led to Washington escalating its intimidation of Guatemala through its Navy on the 24th of May the u.s. launched Operation hard rock Baker a naval blockade of Guatemala ships and submarines patrolled the Guatemalan coasts and all approaching ships were stopped and searched these included ships from Britain and France violating international law however Britain and France did not protest very strongly hoping that in return the US would not interfere with their efforts to subdue rebellious colonies in the Middle East the intimidation was not solely naval on the 26th of May one of Castillo Armas planes flew over the capital dropping leaflets that exhorted people to struggle against communism and support Castillo Armas the most wide-reaching psychological weapon was the radio station voice of liberation it began broadcasting on the 1st of May 1954 carrying anti-communist propaganda telling its listeners to resist the arbenz government and support the liberating forces of Castillo Armas the station claimed to be broadcasting from deep within the jungles of the Guatemalan hinterland a message which many listeners believed in actuality the broadcasts were concocted in Miami by Guatemalan exiles flown to Central America and broadcast through a mobile transmitter the voice of liberation made an initial broadcast that was repeated four times after which it took to transmitting two-hour bulletins twice a day the transmissions were initially only heard intermittently in Guatemala City a week later the sea a significantly increased their transmitting power allowing clear reception in the Guatemalan capital the radio broadcasts have been given a lot of credit by historians for the success of the coup due to the unrest they created throughout the country they were unexpectedly assisted by the outage of the government-run radio station which stopped transmitting for three weeks while a new antenna was being fitted these transmissions continued throughout the conflict broadcasting exaggerated news of rebel troops converging on the Capitol and contributing to massive demoralisation among both the army and the civilian population topic Guatemalan response the arbenz government originally meant to repeal the invasion by arming the military age populace workers malicious and the Guatemalan army resistance from the Armed Forces as well as public knowledge of the secret arms purchase compelled the President to supply arms only to the army from the beginning of the invasion Arbenz was confident that Castillo Armas could be defeated militarily and expressed this confidence in public but he was worried that a defeat for Castillo Armas would provoke a direct invasion by the US military this also contributed to his decision not to arm civilians initially lacking a military reason to do so this could have cost him the support of the army carlos enrique diaz the chief of the guatemalan armed forces told Arbenz that arming civilians would be unpopular with his soldiers and that the army would do its duty Arbenz instead told diaz to select officers to lead a counter-attack Diaz chose a corps of officers who were all regarded to be men of personal integrity and who were loyal to Arbenz on the night of the 19th of June most of the Guatemalan troops in the Capital Region left for Zacapa joined by smaller detachments from other Garrison's Arbenz stated that the invasion was a farce that worried that if it was defeated on the Honduran border Honduras would use it as an excuse to declare war on Guatemala which would lead to a u.s. invasion due to the rumors spread by the voice of liberation there were worries throughout the countryside that a fifth column' attack was imminent large numbers of peasants went to the government and asked for weapons to defend their country they were repeatedly told that the army was successfully defending our country nonetheless peasant volunteers assisted the government war effort manning roadblocks and donating supplies to the army weapons shipments dropped by rebel planes were intercepted and turned over to the government the arbenz government also pursued diplomatic means to try and end the invasion it sought support from El Salvador and Mexico Mexico declined to get involved and the Salvadoran government merely reported the Guatemalan effort to Purifoy Arbenz as largest diplomatic initiative was in taking the issue to the United Nations Security Council on the 18th of June the Guatemalan Foreign Minister petitioned the council to take measures necessary to put a stop to the aggression which he said Nicaragua and Honduras were responsible for along with certain foreign monopolies which have been affected by the progressive policy of my government the Security Council looked at Guatemala's complaint at an emergency session on the 20th of June the debate was lengthy and heated with Nicaragua and Honduras denying any wrongdoing and the US stating that Eisenhower's role as a general in World War two demonstrated that he was against imperialism the Soviet Union was the only country to support Guatemala when the US and its allies proposed referring the matter to the Organization of American States the Soviet Union vetoed the proposal Guatemala continued to press for a Security Council investigation the proposal received the support of Britain and France but on the 24th of June it was vetoed by the u.s. the first time it did so against its allies the u.s. accompanied this with threats to the Foreign Office's of both countries that the US would stop supporting their other initiatives un secretary-general DAG hammarskjöld called the u.s. position the most serious blow so far aimed at the United Nations a fact-finding mission was set up by the inter-american peace committee Washington used its influence to delay the entry of the committee until the coup was complete in a military dictatorship installed topic Arvin's is resignation Arbenz was initially confident that his army would quickly dispatch the rebel force the victory of a small garrison of 30 soldiers over the 180 strong rebel force outside zacapa strengthened his belief by the 21st of June Guatemalan soldiers had gathered at zacapa under the command of Colonel Victor M Leon who was believed to be loyal to Arbenz Leon told Arbenz that the counter-attack would be delayed for logistical reasons but assured him not to worry as Casteel armies would be defeated very soon other members of the government were not so certain army chief of staff parinello inspected the troops at Zacapa on the 23rd of June and returned to the capital believing that the army would not fight afraid of a US intervention in Castillo Armas favor he did not tell Arbenz of his suspicions PGT leaders also began to have their suspicions acting Secretary General Alvarado Yongsan sent a member of the Central Committee to Zacapa to investigate he returned on the 25th of June reporting that the army was highly demoralized and would not fight Monzon reported this to Arbenz who quickly sent another investigator he too returned the same report carrying an additional message for Arbenz from the officers at Zacapa asking the President to resign the officers believed that given us support for the rebels defeat was inevitable and Arbenz was to blame for it he stated that if Arbenz did not resign the army was likely to strike a deal with Castillo Armas and march on the capital with him during this period Castillo Armas had begun to intensify his aerial attacks with the extra planes that Eisenhower had approved they had limited material success many of their bombs were surplus material from world war ii and failed to explode nonetheless they had a significant psychological impact on the 25th of June the same day that he received the Army's ultimatum Arbenz learned that Castillo Armas had scored what later proved to be his only military victory defeating the Guatemalan garrison at Chickamauga historian Pierrot gliosis has stated that if it were not for us support for the rebellion the officer corps of the Guatemalan army would have remained loyal to Arbenz because although they were not uniformly his supporters they were more wary of Castillo Armas and also had strong nationalist views as it was they believed that the US would intervene militarily leading to a battle they could not win on the night of the 25th of June Arbenz called a meeting of the senior leaders of the government the political parties and the labor unions Colonel Diaz was also present the president told them that the army at Zacapa had abandoned the government and that the civilian population needed to be armed in order to defend the country Diaz raised no objections and the union's pledged several thousand troops between them when the troops were mustered the next day only a few hundred showed up the civilian population of the capital had fought alongside the Guatemalan revolution twice before during the popular uprising of 1944 and again during the attempted coup of 1949 but on this occasion the army intimidated by the United States refused to fight the Union members were reluctant to fight both the invasion in their own military seeing this Diaz Reem egged on his support of the President and began plotting to overthrow Arbenz with the assistance of other senior army officers they informed Purefoy of this plan asking him to stop the hostilities in return for Arbenz his resignation Purifoy promised to arrange a truce and the plotters went to Arbenz and informed him of their decision Arbenz utterly exhausted and seeking to preserve at least a measure of the democratic reforms that he had brought agreed without demur after informing his cabinet of his decision he left the presidential palace at 8 p.m. on the 27th of june 1954 having taped a resignation speech that was broadcast an hour later in it he stated that he was resigning in order to eliminate the pretext for the invasion and that he wished to preserve the gains of the october revolution of 1944 he walked to the nearby Mexican embassy seeking political asylum two months later he was granted safe passage out of the country and flew to exile in Mexico some 120 Arbenz loyalists or communists were also allowed to leave and none of the assassination plans contemplated by the CIA were actually implemented topic military governments immediately after the president announced his resignation Diaz announced on the radio that he was taking over the presidency and that the army would continue to fight against the invasion of Castillo Armas he headed a military junta which also consisted of Colonels alfaye GoAir naan mahaan Aguirre and Jose Angel Sanchez two days later ambassador Purefoy told Diaz that he had to resign because in the words of a CIA officer who spoke to Diaz he was not convenient for American foreign policy Purefoy castigated Diaz for allowing Arbenz to criticize the United States in his resignation speech meanwhile a u.s. trained pilot dropped a bomb on the Army's main powder magazine in order to intimidate the colonel soon after Diaz was overthrown by a rapid bloodless crew led by Colonel Monzon who was more pliable to US interests Diaz later stated that Purefoy had presented him with a list of names of Communists and demanded that all of them be shot by the next day Diaz had refused turning Purifoy further against him on the 17th of June the army leaders at Zacapa had begun to negotiate with Castillo Armas they signed a pact the pact owed a loss tunas three days later which placed the army at zacapa under Castillo Armas in return for a general amnesty the army returned to its barracks a few days later despondent with a terrible sense of defeat although Monzon was staunchly anti-communist and repeatedly spoke of his loyalty to the US he was unwilling to hand over power to Castillo Armas the fall of Diaz had led Purifoy to believe that the CIA should make way and let the State Department play the lead role in negotiating with the new government of Guatemala the State Department asked Oscar Osorio the dictator of El Salvador to invite all players for talks in San Salvador Osorio agreed and Monzon and Castillo Armas arrived in the Salvadoran capital on the 30th of June Purifoy initially remained in Guatemala City to avoid the appearance of a heavy US role but he was forced to travel to San Salvador when the negotiations came close to breaking down on the first day in the words of John Dulles Purifoy role was to crack some heads together neither Monzon nor Castillo Armas could remained in power without us support and thus Purifoy was able to force an agreement which was announced at 4:45 a.m. on the 2nd of July under the agreement Castillo Armas and his subordinate major Henrique Trinidad Oliva joined the three-person hooda headed by Monzon who remained president on the 7th of July colonels du Bois and Cruz Salazar monzón supporters on the Munda resigned according to the secret agreement they had made without Mons ons knowledge outnumbered Monzon also resigned allowing Castillo Armas to be unanimously elected president of the Hunta the two Colonels were paid 100 thousand US dollars apiece for their cooperation the u.s. promptly recognized the new government on the 13th of July soon after taking office as president Castillo Armas faced a coup from young army cadets who are unhappy with the Army's surrendered to him the coup was crushed leaving 29 dead and 91 wounded elections were held in early october from which all political parties were barred Castillo Armas was the only candidate he won the election with 99 percent of the vote completing his transition into power topic reactions the Guatemalan coup d'etat was reviled internationally Lamond of Paris and The Times of London attacked the United States coup as a modern form of economic colonialism in Latin America public and official opinion was sharply critical of the u.s. and for many Guatemala became a symbol of armed resistance to us hegemony former British Prime Minister Clement Attlee called it a plain act of aggression when Allen Dulles described the coup as a victory of democracy over communism and claimed that the situation in Guatemala was being cured by the Guatemalans themselves a British official remarked that in places it might almost be molotov speaking about Czechoslovakia or Hitler speaking about Austria un secretary-general hammarskjöld said that the paramilitary invasion with which the u.s. deposed Guatemala's elected government was a geopolitical action that violated the human rights stipulations of the United Nations Charter even the usually pro US newspapers of West Germany condemned the coup Kate Doyle the director of the Mexico project of the National Security Archives described the coup as the definitive death blow to democracy in Guatemala the coup had broad support among US politicians historian pure ugly asses writes that the foreign policy of both Republican and Democratic parties expressed an intransigent assertion of us hegemony over Central America making them predisposed to seeing communist threats where none existed thus daizen how is continuation of the Monroe Doctrine had continued bipartisan support the coup met with strong negative reactions in Latin America a wave of anti United States protests followed the overthrow of Arbenz these sentiments persisted for several decades afterwards historians have pointed to the coup as a reason for the hostile reception given to u.s. Vice President Richard Nixon when he visited Latin America four years later a State Department study found that negative public reactions to the coup had occurred in eleven Latin American countries including a few that were otherwise pro-american historian John Lewis Gaddis states that knowledge of the CIA's role in Coos in Iran and Guatemala gave the agency an almost mythic reputation throughout Latin America and the Middle East as an instrument with which the United States could depose governments it disliked whenever it wished to do so topic aftermath topic operation pbh IST o ry operation pbh IST o ry was an effort by the CIA to analyze documents from the arbenz government to justify the 1954 coup after the fact in particular by finding evidence that Guatemalan communists had been under the influence of the Soviet Union due to the quick overthrow of the arbenz government the CIA believed that the administration would not have been able to destroy any incriminating documents and that these could be analyzed to demonstrate Arbenz as supposed Soviet ties the CIA also believed this would help it better understand the workings of Latin American communist parties on which subject the CIA had very little real information a final motivation was that international responses to the coup had been very negative even among allies of the US and the CIA wished to counteract this anti-us sentiment the operation began on the 4th of July 1954 with the arrival of four CIA agents in Guatemala City led by a specialist in the structure of communist parties their targets included Arbenz as personal belongings police documents and the headquarters of the Guatemalan party of labor although the initial search failed to find any links to the Soviet Union the CIA decided to extend the operation and on the 4th of August a much larger team was deployed with members from many government departments including the State Department and the US ia the task force was given the cover name social research group to avoid confrontation with Guatemalan nationalists the CIA opted to leave the documents in Guatemalan possession instead funding the creation of a Guatemalan Intelligence Agency that would try to dismantle the communist organizations thus the National Committee of defense against communism committed a defense and nacional contra el communism was created on the 20th of July and granted a great deal of power over military and police functions the personnel of the new agency were also put to work analyzing the same documents the document processing phase of the operation was terminated on the 28th of September 1954 having examined 500,000 documents there was tension between the different US government agencies about using the information the CIA wished to use it to subvert communists the USIA for proper the CIA's leadership of the operation allowed it to retain control over any documents deemed necessary for clandestine operations a consequence of pbh I sto ry was the opening of a CIA file on Argentine communists Ernesto Che Guevara in the subsequent decade the documents gathered were used by the authors of several books most frequently with covert CIA assistance which described the Guatemalan Revolution and the 1954 coup in terms favorable to the CIA despite the efforts of the CIA both international and academic reaction to US policy remained highly negative even books partially funded by the CIA were somewhat critical of its role pbh IST o ry failed in its chief objective of finding convincing evidence that the PGT had been instruments of the soviet union or even that it had any connection to Moscow whatsoever the Soviet description of the coup that the US had crushed a democratic revolution to protect the United Fruit company's control over the Guatemalan economy became much more widely accepted historian mark Howe stated that operation P B history proved ineffective because of a new smouldering resentment that had emerged in Latin America / US intervention in Guatemala topic political legacy the 1954 coup had a large political fallout both inside and outside Guatemala the relatively easy overthrow of Arbenz coming soon after the similar overthrow of the democratically elected Iranian prime minister in 1953 made the CIA overconfident in its abilities which led to the failed Bay of Pigs invasion to overthrow the Cuban government in 1961 among the civilians living in Guatemala City during the coup was a 25 year old Ernesto Che Guevara after a couple of abortive attempts to fight on the side of the government Guevara took shelter at the Embassy of Argentina before eventually being granted safe passage to Mexico where he would join the Cuban Revolution his experience of the Guatemalan coup was a large factor in convincing him of the necessity for armed struggle against imperialism and would inform his successful military strategy during the Cuban Revolution Arbenz is experienced during the Guatemalan coup also helped Fidel Castro's Cuban regime in thwarting the CIA invasion throughout the years of the Guatemalan Revolution both United States policymakers in the US media had tended to believe the theory of the communist threat when Arbenz had announced that he had evidence of US complicity in the salawa incident it had been dismissed and virtually the entire US press portrayed Castillo Armas invasion as a dramatic victory against communism the press in Latin America were less restrained in their criticism of the US and the coup resulted in lasting anti United States sentiment in the region within Guatemala Castillo Armas worried that he lacked popular support and thus tried to eliminate all opposition he promptly arrested several thousand opposition leaders branding them communists repealed the constitution of 1945 and granted himself virtually unbridled power concentration camps were built to hold the prisoners when the jails overflowed acting on the advice of allan dulles Castillo Armas detained a number of citizens trying to flee the country he also created the national committee of defense against communism with sweeping powers of arrest detention and deportation over the next few years the committee investigated nearly 70,000 people many were imprisoned executed or disappeared frequently without trial he outlawed all labor unions peasant organizations and political parties except for his own the National Liberation Movement movimiento de libération nacio now mln which was the ruling party until 1957 and remained influential for decades after Castillo Armas dependence on the officer corps and the mercenaries who had put him in power led to widespread corruption and the Eisenhower administration was soon subsidizing the Guatemalan government with many millions of US dollars Castillo Armas also reversed the agrarian reforms of Arbenz leading the u.s. embassy to comment that it was a long step backwards from the previous policy the UFC did not profit from the coup although it regained most of its privileges its profits continued to decline and it was eventually merged with another company to save itself from bankruptcy despite the influence which some of the local Catholic Church leaders had in the KU & E Catholic restrictions which had been enforced under previous governments in Guatemala would resume by the 1960s as many anti-communist government's felt the church had too much sympathy towards socialist parties topic civil war the rolling back of the progressive policies of the civilian governments resulted in a series of leftist insurgencies in the countryside beginning in 1960 this triggered the 36 year Guatemalan civil war between the us-backed military government of Guatemala and the leftist insurgents who frequently had a large degree of popular support the largest of these movements was led by the guerilla army of the poor which at its largest point had 270,000 members during the civil war atrocities against civilians were committed by both sides 93% of these violations were committed by the us-backed military which included a genocide 'el scorched earth campaign against the indigenous maya population in the 1980's the violence was particularly severe during the presidencies of Rios Montt and Lucas Garcia numerous other human rights violations were committed including massacres of civilian populations rape aerial bombardment and forced disappearances liaises wrote that Guatemala was ruled by a culture of fear and that it held the macabre Eckerd for human rights violations in Latin America these violations were partially the result of a particularly brutal counterinsurgency strategy adopted by the government the ideological narrative that the 1954 coup had represented a battle against communism was often used to justify the violence in the 1980's historians have attributed the violence of the Civil War to the 1954 coup and the anti-communist paranoia that it generated the civil war came to an end in 1996 with a peace accord between the guerrillas and the government of Guatemala which included an amnesty for the fighters on both sides the civil war claimed the lives of an estimated 200,000 civilians in all topic apologies in March 1999 US President Bill Clinton apologized to the Guatemalan government for the atrocities committed by the us-backed dictatorship Clinton stated for the United States it is important that I state clearly that support for military forces and intelligence units which engaged in violence and widespread repression was wrong and the United States must not repeat that mistake the apology came soon after the release of a Truth Commission report that documented u.s. support for the military forces that committed genocide in May 2011 the Guatemalan government signed an agreement with our Burns's surviving family to restore his legacy and publicly apologized for the government's role in ousting him this included a financial settlement to the family the formal apology was made at the national palace by Guatemalan President Alvaro Colom on the 20th of October 2011 to yeah Cobo Arbenz villanova the son of the former president and a Guatemalan politician column stated it was a crime to Guatemalan society and it was an act of aggression to a government starting its democratic spring the agreement established several forms of reparation for the next of kin of árbenz guzmán topic see also history of the Central Intelligence Agency operation coup fire operation coup gown operation washtub plausible deniability topic notes and references topic footnotes topic citations topic bibliography topic further reading handy Jim 1994 revolution in the countryside rural conflict and agrarian reform in Guatemala 1944 254 Chapel Hill University of North Carolina press ISBN o eight oh seven eight four four three eight one che Maureen II 2001 Standish Peter ed culture and customs of Guatemala culture and customs of Latin American and the Caribbean London Greenwood press ISBN 0 2 313 305 9 6 ax Shillington John 2002 grappling with atrocity Guatemalan theatre in the 1990s fairleigh dickenson university press ISBN 978 0 8 3 8 6 3 9 306 topic external links CIA Freedom of Information Act electronic reading room CIA's declassified documents on Guatemala CIA documents chronicling the 1954 coup US State Department cite Foreign Relations 1952 to 1954 Guatemala American accountability project at the wayback machine archived the 30th of October 2005 the Guatemala genocide Guatemala documentation project provided by the National Security Archive video Devil's don't dream analysis of the CIA sponsored 1954 coup in Guatemala the Guatemala 1954 documents the short film us warns Russia to keep hands off in Guatemala crisis 1955 is available for free download at the Internet Archive u.s. congressional involvement in the coup | wikipedia tts | UCa7A71byaczz6dAQM4FZngg | 2018-11-27 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 10,090 | 62,070 |
0OrtRQyhIC8 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0OrtRQyhIC8 | Indigenous Agriculture: Planting for Survival | good evening everyone we are again here at the Loft Cinema we are grateful to be here and we are grateful to see all of these faces here tonight and I also want to greet all of our online guests as well thank you all so much for being here for our 4th 2023 2024 archaeology Cafe event um this program and especially this season could just as easily be called preservation archaeology Cafe preservation Archaeology is at the heart of our mission and practice but what does it mean exactly well in our view it's a holistic and conservation based approach to exploring and protecting Heritage places while honoring their diverse values our vision is that Heritage places ancestral Landscapes and Associated knowledge are valued stewarded protected respected and celebrated across the US and the world but before we dive into tonight's program let us take a moment to acknowledge and honor the land on which we are gathered we recognize that we here in Tucson are on the land on the homelands of the toono autum nation and the lands of the pasu Yaki tribe and we encourage all of you to take a moment to reflect on Whose lands you are on tonight I'd like to welcome tonight's presenter Michael kuta Johnson he is a Hy farmer a University of Arizona faculty member and an assistant specialist within the school of natural resources and the environment his presentation tonight is entitled indigenous agriculture planting for survival please join me in welcoming Dr Johnson and thank you all for being here tonight thank you thank you [Applause] everybody so you know I I kind of want to give just a little bit brief background about myself you know like I always like to say that I'm a 250th generation farmer 250th generation you know somebody asked me how can I prove that and I said let's just look at the archaeological record you know because I think that's important and so you know I was was when I meet my friends from Iowa at Nebraska University that was we sit around and have lunch sometimes and they tell me how long their family's been farming what generation they are but when they dropped their mouth when I said yeah I'm a little bit older than that and so that's the cool thing but you know I'm an assistant specialist at the University of Arizona at the school of natural resource the environment but I'm also affiliated with the indigenous resilience Center which is very important because we're we're looking at issues in the Nexus of food water and energy and so that's something that we had started recently and it's something that I helped to help and use some of my work and some of my research which I'll talk about on on on this particular presentation but the title of my presentation as you can see is indigenous agriculture planting for survival you know we've been doing that SI at the H reservation for since about 3,000 years ago some say some would say time in Memorial and so have a lot of the tribes here in the United States been doing the same thing and so uh that's just the title of my presentation that's me out there planting the old school way um and that's how it all began you know that's how it all began so I think you know one of the main things and and one of the main things when we talk about archaeology or we talk about preservation as she just said is that you know right now this statistic is kind of amazing that indigenous people protect 80% 80% of global biodiversity on a mere 25% of the planet's land with less than 5% of the population why is that you know why is it indigenous people control 80% of global biodiversity it's kind of amazing when you think about it so you know we've been we've been having these these type of grouts with this diversity for a long long time and so you know it's just that that's one of the facts that I like to use because this is why it's important this is why we're still here so when I talk about biodiversity not only do we have not only do we have plant species biodiversity here in the United States we sit upon four 5.4% of what I call Key biodiversity areas even though we reside in only 2% of the land here in the US to me that's astronomical but also on these plants of on these plants of Rich biodiverse species biodiversity we also have language biodiversity rich rich languages that are out there so they correspond in that and I'm going to talk about that it's kind of it's kind of showing a demonstration of how we have this relationship with our environment and what and what we Ed to survive in these particular conditions okay so right now we're looking at current climate solutions for the short short term you know this is kind of a little bit what I want to talk about here is like you know scientific derived Environmental Solutions are too narrowly based nature is still approached from a point of commodification in the market system driver's counter nature-based Solutions so what are the kind of examples that and I'm going to tell you why it's important and this is why we need indigenous people in our crop biodiversity with and also throughout the world to survive some of these things right now if you when I was up at uh ukar up in Colorado I was talking to the crop modelist they're still still looking at basically six major crops those are spread throughout the globe so you're looking at maze soybeans rice wheat corn and sugar cane so they're always trying to find ways to do that the problem with this is is that these have a lot of variables these have a lot of inputs that are associated with that things like uh herbicides pesticides you know you know they a lot of them require a lot of water and as the temperatures of the globe heat up they're having a hard time trying to manage these now their only solution to to keep this type of adversity is basically just cover crops and no teal that's it when I ask them why aren't they praising things that people have been eating all these generations and they really didn't have an answer to that some could say it's a corporations because the corporations run a lot of all this and so that's kind of why they're just focusing on those six major crops some people say that we need to feed a billi people so we got to use these six major crops but these crops right here aren't really nutritional valued for one and also most 70% of our production in this country or in the world is is raised on food production is raised on only Farms of 1 to five acres 70% of that and so this is just another way of doing these type of things so why is this important because why is biodiversity is important because half of all Global gross domestic products the GDP relies upon nature and its biodiversity so you would think that we sit on 80% of biodiversity so how come we don't have half the national gross domestic product on our reservations in our territories you know you have to wonder about that and so it's just because we haven't really got into the mainstream of things but you know we are who we are and you know we represent who we do but we're looking that to me this is a really good statistic so why is this important crop and genetic biodiversity that's the key imagine if we all look the same you know sometimes I feel like maybe I should be 10 of miky out here you know and maybe we would be a pretty good world right but then again maybe you wouldn't and so you know biodiversity is the key because you know when you have a monocrop for example if you were to get one one uh disease on that particular crop that could Wipe Out the whole crop whereas these type of biodiversity genetic only genetic engineered through through natural selection and and our people were able to survive things like diseases droughts and things like that and I'll show you an example on that so this is what I kind of wanted to compare so I'm I'm looking at one time I looked at the difference between GMO seeds genetically modified orgasms and then I looked at organism I'm sorry organisms and then I looked at Hy seeds you know and so look how V look how vital the the the H seeds are and under the same conditions there's a comparison here why is it like this why are these see hopy seeds outdoing these you know uh genetically modified um organ organisms there we go I to say GMO how about that and so and let's look at it that way so that's kind of neat you know and I always say because we plant our we plant our seeds in the community nobody likes to be raised alone like over there you know and I'll and I'll describe our and I'll describe our system and how we plant like that so the importance of play spased seeds I think that's one of the things that people misconstrue you know because the hopes and other tribes have drought tolerant seeds they think that I could take my seeds plant them in Iowa plant them in South America Africa wherever and they think they're going to have the same effect but that's not true because these seeds are conditioned to the place that they were raised at Hopi we've have over 3,000 years of planning this particular varieties and we do not irrigate that kind of stumbles people's minds because when I was at Cornell University as an undergrad the Grist and the crop scientist said I need 33 inches of rainfall a year to have corn and we only we could raise ours in only 6 to 10 that's amazing you know why because that's in a testimony to our indigenous ingenuity so drought tolerance so this is this was taken in this was taken in July and look how dry that ground is but look at that plant that's an example of drought tolerance you know and and there's a number of factors and I'll kind of explain some of the techniques you and I'll tell you where they came from but this is kind of neat this is a totally different type of Agriculture you know this is community type based agriculture with a big big hunk of culture and spiritual values placed behind it these aren't Commodities these are actual living human beings so you see a cluster of people that's a community to us and I'll describe that as I go down the road here so what can we learn from indigenous societies how can we able to survive what can we learn from people like myself and other people what can we learn first of all you know a lot of my information comes from these three books the footprints of Hopey history which actually has a DNA analysis in it the Hy people which has a some photographs of Agriculture and things like this and this last book right here is a good book becoming h a history that was produced a lot by our H culture presid a office so a lot of this information that I have is GLE but a lot of the information that I have is from my is from my relatives and other people out there who asked me you know when I talk this to credit them because you know they said if I do this myself that the Hope culture preservation office might get a little upset about that but I've I've got my thing so the hope you culture preservation office helping and help write all those books so this is what I'm talking about indigenous resilience is based on relationships values and cultural belief system so here I go what makes us to survive this is a Petroglyph below older rby and this is our Pathway to sustainability that's how it was interpreted that's how I was told it was you know each each Clan and each and each thing that we have out here a Clans like an extended family has their own version of it but this is the one that I was told what this is telling us that this is telling us that this is the world that we're living in today this is there's two paths that go this way down here this way and then you'll see a bunch of these stick figures holding their hands you know and then you'll see a gentleman right here here hunched over with his with his with his with his planting stick going through his Field of Corn and this is important in context because corn to us is like our mother we were farmers from the beginning and so that's how culturally important to us there are several things in Hopey society that remind us of that and the importance of that for one of them would be one of our baby naming ceremonies where that child is raised to the sun after two to three weeks placed a small little piece of Hope of sweet corn pudding into their mouth so that grounds them where they're from we also use it to make we also use it for prayer meal also and other and other devices we just don't eat it has contextual meaning to a lot of things it's what's it's wrapped around it and I make this argument that when you look at that 80% that's up there and you look at where those where those indigenous people are located they all have a belief system in cultural relevancy to tie them and give them the discipline that they need not to overe exploit or extract their natural resources that's one of the main points but so back to the back to the Petroglyph here so what this is telling us what this is telling us is that in today's society because this kind of represents the fourth world there were three others you can read about that in in Frank waters's book and some of them U that they talk about this but this is the world that we believe in we believer in and we see a bunch of us going up this way now this path what I would call represents modernity you know that's a word that I learned when I was getting my masters in a philosophy class modernity what what it means to me is complications and so this is these are all complications that we face all the challenges and stuff that we Face Down Below this gentleman is practicing his agriculture he's doing his agriculture remember how important that is and so what happens is what this is telling us is that as long as we continue to believe in our in our traditions and our customs and our culture we'll continue on until the next World see that line never ends it just goes on what this is also telling us is that this is us right now we have a chance to go back to what I call our values we have that chance we don't talk about values too much even even even at even in school I'm a scientist but you know when I start bringing in values people frown upon that well how can you prove it how can you quantify it and always say well I'm here I have proof of concept you know our survival is based upon our proof of concept so this relationship with nature let me highlight that when I talk about this relationship with nature I can talk about it but unless I show this you can't really might not be able to understand this but this relationship is then dependent upon us working with each other not just with the human the human the human relationship with human to the world relationship in fact and so when I was building my Stone House up here on the reservation up here above my Fields out of stone this little bird was building under here and he would built his nest out of stone and I couldn't figure out for the longest time who was teaching who you know when you look at it from that concept and you give yourself enough time to slow down and some people say pick the Roses you know I like to watch the an cross the road you know you really can understand what relationships is really about so also when I talk about this belief system this is our typical Hy agricultural calendar the word muya is is Hy it means Moon and Hy but these are the different things that we do during our whole agricultural season if you notice right here in the middle this K Kyu month which December you'll notice this is a little mouse right here what does that little mouse mean somebody said hter virus it really doesn't mean that it really means that's the time for us to tell stories that's the time for us to reinforce our culture December out hope is kind of a dark month for us and so it's it's time for us to reinforce what we've been talking about so that we can teach the Next Generation very important stories are very important they're not just made up things but they actually and have stories to keep us on the right road so this environmental relationships to the stabilization in the community when I'm talking about you know this relationship this survival that we have when I look at this particular pictures right here in 1915 1901 2015 2015 the same crop the system hasn't changed in at least that for a 100 years shle and it hasn't changed probably since the last 3,000 years it's always worked and why has it worked because we've adapted to that place for a long time those techniques and everything like that work when I work for the natural resource conservation service they asked me to you know put cover crops in there or do something this or do something like that and I said that's not going to work nobody's going to buy into that you know so it's kind of hard for another corn like a person farmer in Iowa to tell me how to plant corn because we've been doing it for such a long time not only corn but beans squash melons things that you think would need a lot of water but we can do without that and I can explain that as I go so hope is one of the few places I know where corn is raised to fit the environment and the environment is not manipulated to fit the corn so what does that mean that goes back to play space that goes back to our survival and our capabilities you know without irrigation we don't irrigate we don't use pesticides herbicides a lot of our crops are managed by hand now we can do that because a lot of our fields are only 1 to five acres so we can get out there and do that and so it's very important so to me it's like working with the environment giving taking what the environment gives you and then somewhat finding some way to give it back so indigenous place-based management techniques so let me talk about some of these techniques so we're always talking about you know regenerative regenerative movement right now and bringing in and bringing in um new pesticides and herbicides but if you look at this picture right here I'm planning in an area where it's conducive to catching Monsoon renoff but look at that new soil in there so I don't not have to rotate my crops year in and year out I have a field that's 75 years old it still has a pH level about 8.8 on it and that's just growing continuous corn I challenge somebody in the United States any Farm in the United States for 75 year field if have the same pH levels if they have not use those those phosphorus and everything else that goes with that it's kind of neat so so food security we're always talking about that so what is our survival in food security here's another example of indigenous Ingenuity this is a a corn roast that we have using our own sweet corn and and I kid you not we Harvest this because it's not water logged we Harvest it we bake it in a pit and we bring it back out and I've had corn that's 40 years old after it's dried out I just put water on it set it soak for half a day and boil it back up just pops right back up that's food security it's not how many Walmarts or Circle Caves you have it's you know for me it's how many corn roting pits you have right that's real food security makes a lot of sense like that so the benefits of indigenous farming now this is the important part of it first of all it helps reduce obesity you know a lot of a lot of people you know we have that big problem out there on most reservations uh that's that's plaguing us it reinforces family culture it stabilizes families environmentally friendly it increases the concept of sharing but most important is you learn to have a real respect for the land and what it provides by doing this time in and time out and that starts with the youth just came the youth and I'll talk about that so redefining Western Associated constructs so how can we create opportunities for indigenous people to to be far first of all we got to redefine the language you know we got to redefine the language we got to we got to make it more conducive to to to our way of thinking you know the regenerative agricultureal movements is a good one I like it it it brings back soils it makes sure they have the mineral contents in it I like it they're giving a lot of credit to and indigenous people just like permaculture but their definition is so sterile why is that so because in this definition it does not mention something that I came up with and I'm a PhD so I can put my own definition in there by darn it and so you know so in here I talk about I talk about indigenous place-based ways of knowing and land use management schemes adapted for survival this is the important part which are supported by cultur belief systems and Community incorporate over a millennia that is redena of agriculture in a nutshell because we we have that belief system that gives us the discipline we need not to overutilize our lands that we're from and that's important for our survival the other thing is when we look at the heart of evaluation you know there's a lot of nonprofits trying to help but they're always wanting numbers they always want numbers to quantify things so I'm coming up with a different method to look at what does the community need you know this is this is their Matrix in this one particular Community the key indicators of Wellness are connection to the Community Connection to zi culture sense of belonging in generation relationships level enjoyment confidence in practicing healthy Traditions it's a whole different Matrix than how many people have been served you know what's the person's blood pressure you know this is all about community and I think that's something that we all need to focus on more is community we all need to help each other a lot of my work is very collaborative and I'll explain that so red defition calls for the reevaluation of our social norms this is our indigenous value system this is this is windbreaks placed on my field when I look at this picture over here this is wind breaks placed on an agricultural field down here and to protect cattle what is the difference first of all this is dependent upon our survival we do this to survive as a society in our community this one is more for economic gain well I have to ask our squals do we really really want to be do we want really to help communities or do we really want to help economics can we have both you know I believe we can but I think we have to look at that so this is a typical you know agricultural Windbreak at hopei but the funny thing about this is that this system the natural resource conservation service at the time would not give us funding for this type of system they would give us type for this type of system why was that because this type of system has not been scientifically validated despite 10,000 or 3,000 years of replication it hasn't been scientifically validated according to the scientists at nrcs so therefore we miss out but we're still here so we haven't missed out that much and so you know what I'm talking about and also what I'm also looking at guys is trying to relieve the the status quo of indigenous people being looked at as victims I certainly don't want to be a victim but what causes us to be victims well if you look at how the economic mindset is set up on gross domestic product you these are all related to to that first or third world countries lowincome countries developing nations Global North and South that's how come we're stuck in the way we are now what if we were to say let's call these territory territories High biodiversity territories versus low biodiversity territories and because we sit on 80% of biodiversity where do you think we'll be at on the plane right at the top right so we won't be talking from a a prospect of victimhood but we'll be talking from a prospect of resiliency and that's important so indigenous recognition is achieved through native science demonstration projects now these are some of the projects that I got going on right now why is that important because people want to have science they want to have data you know and so I'm starting to do that I'm starting to show yes this works you know this works this is a project that I got going on at arant you probably read about in the paper a few months ago but I have grow outs over here why am I doing this why am I growing these out because I'm trying to increase the seed supply of these particular drought Vari iy strains to take them home and give them to my community so I can svive more of our tribal members to do that cuz that's so important because we want to be like that little guy on the picture up there who's going on that road that's going to go into the next World and not be going up that crazy path of modernity so when I talk about indigenous Ingenuity I look at some of this cost effectiveness of this this is not that much but look at this so I've got a deep roll planner you know people are very surprised that I put corn down at least corn anywhere from 6 to 18 in deep depends upon what I see in the in the in the springtime and I'm able to gauge our soil moisture not by something that the U OFA gives me call a soil moisture probe I look at the typ typical different types of plants out there I look at their and they all have different rooting systems and the ones who are shallowest if I see a lot of those plants have shallow root systems I know my soil moisture is levels up pretty good I'm going to have a good year and I've been I've been down there where I've had my soil moisture like way down nothing was growing and I still planted anyway and why did I plant anyway because I was told told a long time ago to have faith in everything I do faith in everything I do so that's what it is but so then you have a straight blade cultivator rather than your typical mboard plow we're taking some of this early introduced industrialization and tailoring it to our needs out there so this particular cultivator only takes off about two inches of the top soil and just cuts the weeds like a modern hole and so we don't lose our soil moisture and this thing right here is is what I call cost effective you can put this on back of a a three- wheed 18 V and drag it around you don't need a $50,000 tractor put it on ATV do the same thing you know that's saving money because I think a lot of people don't understand is that we have a very limited amount of Revenue out there on most Indian reservations and so when you introduce something out there you got to make sure that people first of all they can afford it and also they need to know how to work it if it breaks down and so that's important that's all about our survival but to me survival is always about adaptation the City of Tucson where you become flooded it would you be able to adapt or or if the stores got empty would you be able to adapt you know or would everybody come to my house like on um like on that baseball movie where I see a big line of Lights coming up the road or something like that fill the dreams you know maybe so maybe not that'd be kind of scary but you're always welcome I always tell they're always welcome in my house you know and so what I'm talking about indigenous you know recognition of indigenous knowledge just passed in 2021 the White House and the office of Science and Technology policy finally said that traditional ecological knowledge as it's coined scientifically in what I like to call Simply the things my grandfather taught me you know uh it was it was passed by the White House so now we're able to start to tap into some of this conservation funding where we had it first of all try to prove that it was scientific now they're saying it is science so we don't have to do that as much we still got to have methods in order to help validate that so that you know we can buy into these Federal conservation programs so what what are the barriers that still exist now don't get kind of sad cuz this is kind of tough to look at and so some of it the main one here is land taner insecurity what does that mean why do you think that we're in the situation that we're in the situation a lot of reservations just don't have the funds or you know we have the highest rates of of um of of poverty out there I think it's 88% 80% of people on the Pine Ridge reservation don't have jobs you know and things like that why is that you know because of land tenure in security people we have the right to occupancy in the United States but we do not have the right to title and if you don't have the right to title your land's worth nothing you can't even get a you can't even get a bank loan so we have to fix this it's going to take congressional action to fix this I can't fix it and so this lack of natural resource data if you look at the data that we need to take advantage of federal conservation programs we just don't have it if you look at Noah for example if you overlay their weather map on top of our reservation boundaries you won't see hardly any of those out there makes no sense and also the lack of financial Capital that's always a problem with that a lot of that stems from this land and in insecurity but that is not only a problem here in the United States that is a problem throughout the globe that's a direct result of what I call the the colonization stuff and things like that but that's what happens so Solutions presented but not enforced is the other thing we have all these things up in here alternative funding Arrangements uh Indian agricultureal Resource Management act lack of indigenous participation in dig maing process are some of barriers but but they're not really barriers because they're there right but if for for example the Indian agricultureal Resource Management Act 1993 allows us to take over conservation programs it produces scholarships for Indian kids who want to go to college in agriculture but it's never been funded you know I used to work for Congress and so when I when you have a bill if it's even if it has legislation if it doesn't have funding behind it it just sits there you know so the solutions are here guys but they need to be reinforced they need to be reinforced in order for us to have full access to what's out there you know and I think you know what's name Russell mean said this one time at the at the Indian Affairs committee meeting a long time ago in 1985 he says that you know in this great country of ours we call the United States American Indians are allowed to do everything except be American Indian think about that you know that's kind of those are kind of harsh words but it makes a little bit of sense because of our practices and our laws and policies we need to change to create true Equity so upscaling for now when when everybody likes to use upscaling but for me upscaling is should only be used for the benefits of community that can be accomplished when it truly meets the needs of the community and not the needs of the corporations that makes sense like that you know for my example people say why don't you go out and raise Hy corn everywhere make a lot of money somebody called they said how can we make your traditional foods more Vogue you know when you talk to Native chefs some of them have actually quit because they're catering to to that Niche out there and their own people aren't eating as as good as other people are paying $100 a plate so they're starting to feel conscious about that so we need to level the playing field a little bit this is some of the stuff I do here is going to do that so when you look at Travel in food security all these dark spots are almost all in all reservations it's not that good out there right that's not that good out there but you know so how can we do this what are the community based Solutions and collaborations that we can do so now we can get happy again now that we got all the bad stuff out of the way so how can we how can we help with this first of all you know what what I'm doing right now is you're working for extension is you know this continuous of environment and culture knowledge for the Next Generation so I'm able to take kids like these young kids out there take them to my field talk about science like agronomist botanist because we do all that thing and hydrologists you know but I'm also also talking about the importance of culture the name driver of why we we still here you know and so sure enough by the end of the day when I'm talking I says what does everybody want to be they don't say a fireman a policeman they say I want to be hydrologist I want be an a grous Mike you know and that's so cool you know because they're learning that at a young age right I've got something right now I'm going to work with the school board in the City of Tucson where I want to make sure that every child in Head Start has a cup has seeds has soil and some water to plant with on their first day why is that important first of all it shows them that relationship it understands they understand where things are coming from and the last thing it puts a smile on a child's face Isn't that cool you know so I'm going to be talking to the Schoolboard we'll see how that goes but I hope it works out you know out of out of the 83 out of the 83 um schools here we have in Tucson and and Moses Moses over there at the at the school garden program we have we have Gardens in 71 of them you know so that's pretty good for for down here in Arizona so this revitalization of the American food system I just started a nonprofit called the Fred AP Foundation named after my grandfather because my grandfather would help everybody we had these conferences in Prescott he'd make sure everybody was fed and so I wanted to do that something but this is going to solely focus on growing out traditional varieties at hopei possibly put in a food bank we actually have a food Hub up there right now during the covid period for example you know we had St Mary's Food Truck come over there but they would go back half full with perishable items because we had no place to store it I don't know if you ever places like when these big things come in they give you a 60 pound back of of green peppers or potatoes 60 pounds that's a lot of food we where you going to put that at you know and so you know but we could have held on to that food and slowly distributed throughout the community but a lot of it came back and that's unfortunate so I'm trying to fix that and so also the Native American Agricultural fund we when I was there we put together this beautiful infrastructure map what we'll be needing Indian Country to help us out food processing centers you know food hubs places to to have things grown out more uh and everything in there it's a beautiful plan and more people are looking at that now you know $3 billion that's all that cost $3 billion over 10 years to get Indian country where it needs to be not only is it going to help the the Indians but it's also going to help the N Indians when you put these food hubs in because people have places to go during Co for example in ok Oklahoma a lot of people couldn't find a where to get a shot so a lot of them so the reservations took them into their own I and then hell service hospital and gave shots there so we're still willing to help but how many people are willing to listen you know and so that's that's where I'm at on that one so some of the current stuff that I'm working on I'm developing a process to make sure indigenous communities can benefit from research related to seeds I have something at the University right now which you basically have them look at look at seeds as as human subjects so when you do a test and you research on that the communities will benefit where those seeds came from they'll get some benefit of that it's important also the intellectual property I'm trying what I'm trying to do is put seeds under the nagpra under Native American game repatriation act so that we can so that we can declare intellectual property values things like that's important uh growing out seeds and I talked about that nutritional analysis because everything we have to do has to have a nutritional analysis believe it or not when you want to do these food to food to table Pro Farm to Table programs you have to have NRI analysis in order to get those Foods in there and also this mitigation risk so I'm doing some grow outs here at the University of Arizona looking at the different water methods to increase the amount of indigenous agriculture but I want you to make a stark look at this and you see there's economics is not involved in this there's no word economics mentioned in this at all because I don't need that I'm just trying to maintain the health of our communities out here does that make sense a little bit you know so that's part of our survival I'm trying to do everything I can to bring this to the Forefront so people could understand that now what does this have to do with archaeology it has a lot to do with archaeology because you know we've experienced these things before and we're just trying to find new ways to adapt and to conserve what we have in the long run so this community versus economics so that's kind of the last thing I wanted to talk about so when we when we leave here we got to ask ourselves you know are we looking at our community or are we still looking at economics or can we have both you know I I really don't know if we can have both I think we can I've seen it but you know for me it's all about Community First it's about taking care of something that I was given that I'm only passing knowledge on that I have to benefit everybody else it's creating opportunities for others you know I went to school I got my PhD and my dad says now you have more responsibility because now you have an obligation to help more people and that's important to me and so that's why I'm here and so thank you very much could you tell us a little bit a little bit more about uh soil PH I know zero about it okay well soil PH you know there's a thing called phosphorus potassium and nitrogen and so the pH levels have the acidity in there to to to that that that the plants and take up in order for them to actually prosper and so like for example corn takes a tremendous amount of nitrogen and so you have to have those pH levels just right and it's kind of a combination of everything to make sure that you're going to have a good crop and that's what we do a lot of we try to find ways to to make sure that we have the quantity and it's efficient and everything like that but unfortunately you know our one of our number one problems here is that is Agri cultural runoff that's one of our biggest problems and that's due to all that stuff that they're putting on there to make those those plants look pretty and things like that and so that's kind of what PH does it's just it's just it's just it's a it's a term that we're you're trying to put into your soil so that it's balanced enough so that you can have good crops I'm curious about your work at Arcosanti and if you're able to talk about that at all what you're doing there yeah I've I've been I've been growing there for about two years now uh there used to be a family of hes growing there long before that uh and so what I'm trying to do is I'm I'm taking a couple of varieties at a time and I'm growing them out down there uh so that we can so I can bring those seeds back home and distribute to the communities see they have water down there see they have anlimited amount supply of water where we can do drip irrigation and things like that at Hopey we don't have that but what I'm also being being very careful of is that I'm making sure that you know we only we only have two years at the most of drip irrigation two years of flood irrigation because I do not want to use the Dy Vitality of our plants not only our corn but our beans our melons and our squash because you got to understand that it's it's it's hard to raise things in the desert we don't always get a crop we don't always do that but we're but we're losing our seeds pretty continuously and so I'm trying to bring back those varieties in a way that we can all benefit you know as a people because those those those varieties that we raise are very nutritionally dense because we don't use any of those things and so they're taking up what what the Earth is giving us you know so that relationship continues so thank you this is all very interesting uh and I'm just just curious so you have 75 acres and I'm just curious if you can account like where does your crop go who do you give it to how does it get to your community does it get beyond the community I guess it does well no I have one to five acres and so you know a lot of a lot of um a lot of uh um our distribution mechanism is is is the women AR in charge of that that's one thing I should always mention is that we live in a mineal society so it's the women who get the Harvest when it comes off the field they they go out and look at the different traits on that to to to save seeds for the next year you know they're also they also own the fields the women own the fields the house and everything and so I'm just kind of like Shrek out there I just move things around and so but but they're very important and so you know that's that's how it's distributed so basically it's distributed to the family and then the clan and so forth and it kind of goes out that way it's a pretty good food system but we just need the quantities to increase to distribute more of those good quality products can you talk a little bit about the land tenure problem because I was interpreting that for you to say that individuals need to be able to own land but I don't think that's what you're saying no no it's it's basically it's basically there's no title that means like if you have a if you own a house and you own the area around that that's yours that's belongs to you you can pretty much do whatever you want to depends upon where you live but with with with with on Indian lands you cannot do that you know you have to go to the Bureau of Indian Affairs or the Bureau of Land Management in order to sign things like leas things like that so you don't have control of it you just can't go sell it you know and it was it was started that way because unfortunately there were people coming in and they were just taking the land and things like that I don't know if you've seen that old sedge movie called The call or whatever called The wildf Flower you know it's it's kind of like that and so you know we don't have real title to it so we're we can't put anything up for collateral you know when we want to make an investment you know some of the tribes around here they've did a pretty good job you know investing their stuff you know with with all the businesses they have that are huge that are close to these huge popular Center so they're doing okay but the ones that are way out there big land braces like the Navajo Nation and things like that we just don't have that we're dependent upon the federal government you know I mean for example the recent Supreme Court case that was Arizona versus the Navajo Nation when it talked about water access to water they're they're said yeah you have your water rights but we're no longer going to be responsible for doing feasibility studies providing infrastructure you know because of that ruling and so what do we do then you know we don't have the capital anyway we don't have that you know um and that's that's unfortunate but and I don't know how we can do that but but we're held in trust by the federal government they're like our big brother to some extent they have a responsibility and so uh but at the same time we're trying to find ways so that we can Chuck some of that stuff and I think one of our big ways to show that is through our food systems trying to reinvent that to to create the independency that we need rather than the dependency that we currently have so that's kind of what that's that's what it means like land tenure we just don't have the rights to title and that's throughout the globe hey uh with all your travels throughout the North America and stuff abroad what are some of the successes or challenges that you've seen or that maybe we can take back or share with them well one of the biggest challenges that I see and I spoke at cop 28 a couple times and I listened to what was going on over there you know the people are still aren't willing to give up their fossil fuels but that's not the biggest thing is people aren't are afraid to give up their power you know that that bothers me a lot but then I see on the other side of that I see a little bit more you know indigenous people be involved in some of the discussions now where they weren't before you know because science is looking for an answer they're looking for ways to kind of balance it out a little bit and so are the people who are these with these big corporations are but and so that gives me help you know when I start seeing things like you know how are we going to how are we going to bring in uh tribal data sovereignty how are we going to keep what we find out there and make sure that the tribes benefit they're starting to do that now because they have to because their survival even their survival depends upon that you know because all the genetic diversity basically in my mind is out on these out out on these indigenous territories so they're starting to ask some questions now they're trying to do that and it's not only but it's not necessarily the traval government but it's also the nonprofit organizations like the the Rockefeller Foundation you know they're making big Headway into that kind of stuff too and and even our University's doing you know this year this year I was able to you know ask the university because we're a landr institution we have a pretty pretty not so good history but I was able to have them rather than just the land knowledgement I was able to to have them click on something now that would show how the University of Arizona was was was came into play and the land that it came from and what the benefits were just so just for transparency you know I think that's one of our main things and that's one thing that gives me hope is that we're starting to see that transparency not only how things were done but how we can help move things forward in in an equitable fashion the pictures you showed for hope you were mostly like dry farms and I remember visiting Mitten years ago and seeing these spectacular Springfed uh Gardens and I was just wondering whether that was part of the program and part of the solution as well oh yes it is because you know like in h Villa they have a good one even at weo wash they're starting to the tribe in the cultureal preservation office are starting to move and starting to clean out some of the old old Springs and things like that and so that is a big part of it too you know I mean uh so we're starting to move in that direction too but and you know down in lower maped there Tuba City we people still do irrigate there to some extent and things like that so that's still going on in virtually but most of the reservation still relies upon dry farming it's a little harder now because you know back in the introduction of cattle we had three major washes that would slice through the reservation but when cattle came out there they started overgrazing and those auroral just got deeper and deeper and deeper so they're not utilized like they like they were at one time back when we saw a writing from there was a book published by the UFA press that talked about the abundancy of of Hy crops during like when the Spanish came out here and the priests were saying we can't take any more food we've got so much of it you know and even my grandfather back in his day he remembers when the grass used to be up to the horse's belly and how how how fertile that oil was but it's not like that anymore because of those cut Downs right now but I'm just trying to figure out little niches that I can use to to help us benefit from that but but water like that very important for us and water isn't really looked at as a commodity it's looked at almost like a spiritual Force so it's very valued and I always like to say people we do a lot with less than we do with more and I think that's important those values are very important so that's kind of how I would address that question but thanks for asking that I'm I'm curious as to whether or not this is something that is unique unique to the Hy people uh or do similar practices and agricultural procedures or whatever processes exist for other reservations around the country and how can we I don't promote these kinds of things across across the country well well the non irrigated um agriculture is is is really specific to Hopi but it's also specific to Navajo too because they they're in the same area uh back when Mesa ver and choco Canyon were populated that was dry farming there too there wasn't that much going on in there but but nowadays it's it's really it's a lot of these examples come from H you know there's places in Africa that have similar that had similar practices but a lot of them have been erased because of the new cropping systems that come in and same thing with Indian to some extent is and so uh it's just it's just a little harder to to do that anymore I mean for me you know when they talk about dry irrigation they set up in Oregon they do dry irrigation but they that means that that means they don't flood irrigate but they have 33 something inches of rainfall a year you know and so that's not dry that's not dry farming to me 6 to 10 inches is dry farming to me I mean down here I've got friends down here in to they actually still plant the traditional way they don't put their seeds in until July in dry soil and they put there's paddocks that are formed and they're on the little slopes they know where the slopes are at so when it does hit a blond suit boom it pops up and then you have things like 60-day corn you can get a crop in 60 days you know corn in America usually goes by Growing Degree Days the most important that we in the supermarket is 120 degree Growing Degree Days 140 growing degre it takes that long to actually produce a crop but it's a fast growing corn down there you know my concern is is that we need to figure out how to keep this genetic information in the hands where it comes from because you have people like Bayer now who basically have a short variety of corn where they got that Gene from I don't know but they're going to use it to spread out the world to say this this does pretty good well I could have told them that for a long time it course it does good you know but we're not getting any benefit from that you know and so we're trying to figure out ways well how can we show that and that's part of that's part of trying to create our own patents and our own ways of doing things but we've got to educate our young people to do it ourselves we can't rely upon a federal system or or a research system to do that for us we need to learn these things as we go and so we're still catching up so to speak but yeah hi I'm thank you for the presentation I'm from Hiller River and I saw one of your power point or one of the slides talk about um the natural conservation system and it true what you said about the leases for tribal Nations it takes us forever to get them from the Bureau of Indian Affairs you how that goes but one of the things I hope you could advocate for from the ncrs or natural you know natural resource conservation Serv yeah they they ask that tribes or small land Farmers they need to have two years in production in order to get funded I'm just sharing that as those are some of the challenges tribes have that we would like to go into production faster however those policies really stump us from going any faster well it's like that there's a there's an irrigation role out there it says you have to have at least five years of irrigation now I take a bucket to my bean plants of just water that's irrigation but it's not irrigation to the to the Western model of things and so we need to figure out ways to to do that and I've been telling I have a meeting with nrcs tomorrow up in Denver Denver to talk about these issues once again I wrote a paper on it and it's up to them to do something about that you know and you know I I apply you know like Ramona Farms over there in he the river you know they grow a lot of temporary beans but they have to pay for that specialized crop out of their cotton and F Al Alpha the government needs to be switch things around and give subsidies for small traditional crops like that also the reservations in Southern Arizona think to put at least an acre away that would be good for like indigenous foods to give to our communities that's the other problem we're I'm trying to get them to do that also we have the infrastructure there already but but what I'm doing here at the U OFA is is to is to look at the Water Management principes so I can give them the best technology and that they can do it rather than just give them something and just let it sit there you know and so there's a lot of that there's a lot of that Hands-On stuff so you're welcome my question is and it might be a long one but what makes you feel so confident that economics and agriculture cannot Prosper together well it's that it's not that I I I feel that they can't Prosper together it's it's how it's how they're working on it you know I I have a I have a thing that if that if we weren't so the market system geared is geared for one thing it won't work this way it's it's it's if it's based upon quantity and efficiency because by doing that you're cutting a lot of people out you know there's a lot of smart Farmers Across America who could benefit what they call csa's Community um forgot what that stands for but there a bunch of people get together they make a rules have it's like a co-op you know if we had a lot more looking at quality a lot of these people produce quality products like like farmer Frank and things like that and so if we able to have more of that then the people will benefit for more from economically because economics from what I understand is all based upon supply and demand and so we need to figure out ways to do that so that's that's where the that's where the connection comes that's the Middle Road right there but it's hard for people to change their mindset at least at least in the federal government that they need to support these small farmers more than what they're doing to put the quality back into our diet rather than you know the end results of that being high rates of diabetes and cancer and stuff like that we need to focus more on the quality and so that's where I can get on that so when I when I when I bad the economic side of big agriculture I'm just using what I what I've seen out there and um some people say it's efficient but at the same time I don't know if it really is and whose efficiency is it at the end at the end of the day you know that's what kind of questions I have to ask I don't know if I quite answer that question but that's how that's how I see it for our online audience um if you haven't yet please type your questions in the Q&A but I have a few here that I will ask Michael if he um one reads uh the uh they've read they've they've read that lime makes corn a complete food does hope we have lime available to them no we don't and and a lot of that stuff is is brought in in what they call louio flood plans are oxygen farming where we planted areas that are conducive to Bringing new soils and new nutrients into the field so yeah we don't use lime um can you say more about the roasting pit and how it's used for preserving corn well the roasting pit is made out of stone it's Stone line you know um it's in the ground about 3 feet and and what and what's practic is that we once we get the once we get the corn out we use this grease wood at the bottom of this pit to to heat it up takes quite a bit time to heat it up and then we drop all that corn in there and what that does by sealing it and covering up overnight and bring it out the next day then what it does is it kind of acts like a dehydration process it it it it it takes most of the the the the moisture out of it and it seals it in there so all we got to do is take it out of there and hang it up and then we can use it many years later it can last forever that way when it's preserved like that you know and and it's preserved like that because we live in such a dry climate right we don't have humidity like back East so we're not really worried about mold or anything like that but by roasting it like that takes care of all those things that can that can really hurt it um what's the ideal pH for corn I believe it's around 8.5 to 8.8 and that ours is about 8.8 right now I mean at least on my field that I tested on that and then I have someone here um from new Mexico talking about how the D drought really affected their crops um last year and they were asking how yours did and if it was better well mine mine kind of mine kind of you know at at Hopi we have you know we have a lot of different variables we have cutworms crows you know um sometimes too hot sometimes too cold lack of water you know windstorms you know disease and we have all these things that we have to look at but you know my crop this year um about about a third of it got tanken out by cutworms which are Little Things That Go are in the soil and then they they knw at the bottom of the plant there where the root is and they just the plant just Falls over the other thing is that it was real hot this summer and and being not responsible like I should have been I'm supposed to thin that clump of corn out which is about you know we plant anywhere from 10 to 10 to 15 kernels per hole and so I should have thinned them out to at least six to seven when it starts getting warmer because we're they're all competing for soil moisture and then during even this year I probably should have thinn those out to three to four then I would had a real good crop with ears being about so big but I didn't do that and so I lost a lot of my crop to heat stress and the last part of my crop which I had for corn I was gone for 10 days only 10 days and I came back and it looked like you know it looked like someone had just laid my field out it was like little bodies of corn Everywhere by the crows and so I didn't get that but this year I've got an agreement with with the school to be out there for those three months between August and the time I harva so that doesn't happen again I think that's the thing that people don't understand is that you need to be with your crops because you need to take care of your relatives right no one else is going to do it unless you do it yourself because too many things can go wrong so yeah do you know if um if there are any hopy seeds in the National seed storage lab oh yeah there's a bunch in there I mean if you that's called grit I forgot what that stands for but the USDA has a bunch of them the problem with with that is that we can't get access to them you know researchers and institutions can have access to those we can't even in museums we can't so I'm working on those issues uh we do have there are seeds in these different organizations whether or not they're true or not they may have came from there but they've been propagated with water so much that when we take seeds back home they don't do well at all because they they're needing that extra they needing all that water to grow like they used to and so it's taken us 3,000 years to get to that dry adaptation and you know you put five or six years or maybe 10 years of of of flood irrigation on that particular plant it's going to lose this drought Vitality which there's no way they're going to preserve that and so uh so you know we got to we got to keep what we got to do we got to also grow them in the place is they they were they grown originally so they can do they can pick up those things you know I and I kind of you know I'm writing an essay on the importance of seeds and I would almost compare them to kind of like the boarding school kids because you know those kids were taken away they were lost their identity they lost their culture and seeds a lot of our seeds are just like that they don't know where they're at they don't know how to grow anymore and so I'm just trying to bring them home I just want to bring them home so that we can not only Force our culture but also increase the biodiversity and conservation that we're good at and so that's where I'm out at that I have a another question which would be a good one to wrap up the evening but um they ask how they can support this work and um if they're and other work of indigenous Farmers well there's like you know indigenous resilience Center we're we're starting to work in Outreach like that but there's my own organizations at home like like uh the h h h toot permaculture the H foundation and we also have the H H Zoni youth enrichment project there's just a number of organizations out there I wanted to start a podcast here to talk to just focus on Native American um uh Grassroots food organizations because there's quite a few of them when I used to work for the Native American Agricultural fund we were helping fund about 300 of them and that was just hitting the type of the tip of the iceberg and so for me to support things is first of all we need to figure out what's going on out there have have the awareness but also but also kind of you know do your own research and and see what you can find out there there's tons of organizations out there I'm just now getting the big nonprofit sector involved more in Indian country and a lot of people are helping me do that in order to in order to get the benefits from that out there and so uh just but it's like everything else you know you don't you don't see that many Native American stories on mainstream TV you know and so our our problem is just trying to just get the recognition so rather than looking at Equity as I talked about I'm looking at recognition first to get off off the museum walls and into your living rooms and so that's kind of where I'm at on that so thank you so much we have really greatly enjoyed tonight's presentation thank you so much for everyone who came out and for everyone online as well so thank you have a great night and thank you Dr Johnson thank [Applause] you | ArchaeologySouthwest | UCsRG3vav9m6rbnLM7VYtdaQ | 2024-01-18 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 12,114 | 62,552 |
tuCDGcTbt9E | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tuCDGcTbt9E | Unix & Linux: Terminal-based spreadsheets and wordprocessor? (10 Solutions!!) | [Music] morning youtubers so here it's about 8 am at your place it might be like 2 am and you're facing this difficult issue and you just want to get out of the office what are you doing in the office at 2 am anyway this video will try and help you out technically i hope you subscribe to my channel and that you like the video that will really help me and my family out god bless [Music] um [Music] i oh [Music] me [Music] me [Music] me [Music] me [Music] food [Music] please click subscribe and like thank you thank you for watching may god bless you and keep you | Roel Van de Paar | UCPF-oYb2-xN5FbCXy0167Gg | 2020-08-21 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 112 | 565 |
UFVvW1wCLg8 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UFVvW1wCLg8 | 2017 FORD MUSTANG GT 5.0 - P21074 | good morning over here at weir's buick gmc route 1 in orlando maine just wanted to do a quick walk around video of this 2017 ford mustang gt5o that we have here on the lot this vehicle is still available it's in immaculate condition it's got a little over 15 000 miles on it take a look at the interior here uh you do have your black leather interior driver door panel get your power windows mirrors and locks power driver seat control is right down below there go take a look inside here to the left of the wheel you have your lighting controls uh you do have some functionality on the wheel itself to the left side here you have your crews and some buttons for uh the center screen between the gauge cluster there tons of vehicle information to scroll through as you can see on the right side here you have some buttons for your hands-free phone and your audio system you've got 15 156 miles on this mustang got your infotainment system here uh your am fm series xm your climate uh your phone hookups all that good stuff as well as your backup camera right there some physical buttons for that system you do have heated and air conditioned front seats in this vehicle uh you got your stop start hazards traction troll your steering setting so you can go normal sport or comfort and then also here you have your drive mode selections you have normal sport plus you have track and then snow and wet when you put it in track mode it does shut the traction control completely off and some storage space this is a six-speed manual get your parking brakes and cupholders and some storage space right there go ahead and take a look at the back seat here slide the seat forward uh this is a four-person vehicle so two in the front and two in the back give you a shot there plenty of legroom back there now for your passengers and we'll go ahead and take a look at the cargo area plenty of storage space back here uh this vehicle also does come with a complete car cover if you have any further questions on this mustang or like to come in and take it for a test drive please don't hesitate to give us a call direct binding is 207-985-3537 or you can visit us at www.weirsbuickgmc.com thanks for looking have a great | Weirs Buick GMC | UCro20xdBHrAwqXhrz3MmVrg | 2021-08-09 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 419 | 2,209 |
uphffK6QEYw | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uphffK6QEYw | Week 5: Lecture 25 | [Music] thank you [Music] hello everyone welcome to this lecture last lecture we discussed the constructions of nuclear reactions we discussed cross-sections for Neutron induced reactions and the chart particle induced reactions in the case of return induced reactions cross-section in decreases with increasing energy of the neutron then there are resonances whereas in case of charge particle induced reactions cross section is increases Beyond a threshold value of ECM equal to BC and after that it approaches we also saw how to determine the cross sections experimentally by measurement of each addition functions or even by measurement of particle Spectra and nutrition today we will discuss the mechanism of different types of reactions and mostly I will be focusing on the dominant mechanism that is the compound nucleus reaction so just let us see in article what are the different types of reactions that occur when we projectile bombards a Target so I have given a schematic here this is actually the time job time zone at the position of Time how it is happening so the projectile is bombarding a Target nucleus and many a times you know what will happen in fact it's always there a component of elastic scattering filastic scattering is nothing but you know a sort of a billiard ball collision between the two bodies a projectile and the target and uh then this in the elastic scattering I will be discussing very shortly what are the things that are conserved which are not conserved and so on but this is actually not included in the nuclear reaction and this plastic is always there whenever a reaction is there so it can happen immediately that is what is the initial stage that projectile just collides with the Target and get 100 pose elastic steps in fact that prolonged scattering other Force scattering is also coming in the category of elasticity then we come to the intermediate Zone where the projectile is now coming in close vicinity of the target ups and before that in fact before the it is completely using the target there is a type of reactions called direct reactions that means the projectile and dark projectile comes close to Target nucleus and there is a transfer of few nucleons from projectile to Target or vice versa but that happens at a much smaller time scale than than the compound nuclear formation we will discuss in length later on and many a times you know they can form a compound nucleus the compound nucleus part we will discuss in detail in this lecture and the compound nucleus can again you know give rise to that projectile back so it is this is what is called the compound elastic sketch the projectile is like you know return goes into The Well of the nucleus and comes back with the same energy as it entered so this is called the compound elastic scattering there is a very small difference in the the phenomena of elastic starting and compound elastic setting and then the last stage is the compound nucleus permission that takes place after a lot of time now the time scales you know in nuclear reactions will be for elastic scattering and direct reaction 10 power minus 22 seconds for the compound nuclear formation can power minus 17 seconds so that is the time of time scale that you are talking about So when you say compound elastic scattering it has happened in the time scale of 10 power minus 17 seconds so the compound nucleus lifetime you see it's a lot of minus 17 seconds and in that lifetime it is all the projectile and Target combined together or a mononucleus equilibrium in all digits of freedom and then the subsequent the excitation of the compound plus can take place by additional particles and so on so that is what is called the tunnel States so on the way the projectile can have different types of reactions with the target UPS namely elastic scattering compound elastic scattering direct reactions and the compound nucleus production these are the main types of reactions and the time scale is as you go from right left to right time scale of the direction is increase you can also explain the different mechanisms that take place when a projectile bombards a Target and in fact this is in the context of a projectile which is rather heavy compared to electron or compound and so on so when we say this this what I have drawn in the systematic is the target nucleus and the projectile is coming at different distance from the center of the target so we if you recall the previous lecture we Define the angular momentum involved in a nuclear reaction and so the angular momentum for the central collisions that means the impact parameter is zero so angular momentum if you recall is equal to u e to P in fact parameter into the momentum so when the impact parameter is close to zero here so this is what is the impact parameter so the central collisions means impact parameter is close to zero for them the angular momentum is zero so it is here so what I have plotted also here the angular momentum dependent cross section versus the angular momentum and so it is nothing but the two L plus one Sigma L equal plus 1 and you can have the transmission coefficient also so this triangle is actually like true L plus one afterwards also so for the central collisions where the ability momentum is low the projectile will be fusing with the Target or forming a compound nucleus formation this is also called as the complete Fusion the projectile and Target nuclei cues together to form what is called as the compound nucleus when you go to little bit away so it is either we go this way or this way it is symmetric so this is a impact parameter where they are just crazy when you say grazing collisions means they are just touch and grow so during the touching process there could be a transfer of new nucleon from vertical to Target so that is why this equivalence lead to transfer reactions so where they just come and touch each other and do the time scale there will be some transfer from one to others so they are at the higher so this is what is the higher impact parameter inside transfer reactions taking place and then there are distant collisions which are beyond the physical boundary or the target so the distant collisions are like coulombs they come in the column potential vicinity of each other's column potential and Escape so that is like you know other four sketching it so so the as we go away from the Target Center the rectangular momentum is increasing and so the different reactions are taking place that are trying to explain and so the different cross sections for different processes compound nucleus and transfer reaction the coulomb scattering will not come in the category of nuclear reactions because they do not come in the vicinity of the nuclear potential orbital the nuclear reactions take place when they come they experience the nuclear potential of each other and so if they only come in the column potential of each other so we say they are not nuclear reactions the cross section Sigma L versus L will take care of only the nuclear reactions like compound nucleus director transfer and so on okay let us now see these reactions in more details the first type of reaction though we we will not call it as a you know the reaction cross section dot does not include the elastic scaffolding also but it's good to know exactly what are the different types of course processes that is happening in the elastic set so in the elastic scattering as I have mentioned earlier this is a projectile and this is the target the projectile and Target Collide which is the and they go away from each other is retain their identity so they remain as a smaller secondly the most important is that the kinetic energy is conserved kinetic energy is conserved means the projectile and Target may have projectile may have some energy EA like for example it could be zero so it can transfer some trading energy to the Target UPS suppose this is zero normally when the target nucleus is stationary then EA is zero now the projectile can transfer some part of its energy to the Target nucleus both of the projectile and Target are now having some kinetic energy which is that's what is happening you know when your projectile is colliding your target then they go in different direction so some energy or projectile has been given to the Target PPS but it remains as kinetic energy so total kinetic energy of projectile and Target after the scattering is same as that of the projectile that's what we mean that the kinetic energy is conserved so it is it is only trans it can be transferred from other type of Target during the Collision but it does not it is not lost or it is not transformed to other type of energy like exercise energy and so on the important uh criteria in the elastic scattering is that the kinetic energy is conserved so I have given a title given an example of neutrons when the neutrons are reducing their energy they are moderated so they collide with the target material like a and in the process Neutron will give some contingency to the Target nucleus so the the final energy of neutron and Target nucleus is equal to initial energy of neutron and if you recall the previous lectures then the energy of the target to place maximum energy that will be given to Target industry given or mnma the energy of neutron into MN plus n a square and so for example when a equal to 1 then e a equal to e and that means if the mass of the neutron and mass of the target nucleus is same like Addison proton then it can give all energy in one Collision so proton that is why we say hydrogen is the best moderator in one Collision all energy of neutron can be given to hydrogen so hydrogen heterogeneous material will reduce the energy of neutron fastest so that that is the reason why we say hydrogen is the best moderator moderator means we are trying to reduce the energy of neutron from whatever energy neutron has going to begin with and we are trying to summarize so the number of collisions that think that is required to bring the neutron to thermal energy is called the how many collisions that take so that that number is much less for another if you have a hydrogen higher mass number of material you require both collisions for Amazon even one Collision research so that is the way we explain the moderating power of the target material for neutrons next type of reaction is the elastic scattering the elastic scattering again again says it is in the name itself but reverse it is scattering that means the projectile and Target retail their identity like a plus a a dash plus a star so I have to start because now the kinetic energy of projectile is not conserved some part of the kinetic energy or projectile is transferred to a Target nucleus so the target can get excited so total kinetic energy before and after the scattering is not conserved now so some part of kinetic energy was transferred to Target nucleus and its exception energy and in fact such reactions though the masses of the projectile the reactants and products are same but the target is not in acceptable you have the target it is not affected state a plus a going to a so it is excited so this much with the Q value of this reaction though it is the nucleus is same the mass in terms of the masses the Q value is zero but this much energy is tied up so this is certain state of nucleus and then acceleration energy and password energy is required from the initial projectile energy so you can say the Q value is not constant equivalent is less than 0 so Q value is also given as E A Plus e a dash minus a so now this value is negative because some part of the energy of the projectile has been transferred to foreign in fact there are applications of elastic scattering in the form of some iron beam reactions this is called the particle induced gamma emission Piggy so you can have acceptation of a Target nucleus and then this excited nucleus can emit the gamma ray and then gamma ray carry the signature of that UPS so if you count the gamma rays these are prompt gamma rays emitted instantaneously so then this technique this is an iron beam analysis technique for material characterization so when you bombard the target nucleus with a object I like proton so PP Dash inelastic scattering of proton with Target materials of aluminum silicon phosphorus and so on then the excited nuclei of aluminum silicon and phosphorus they can they excite by emission of its characteristic gamma rays and these gamma rays can be measured by their medium detector and so the intensity of the gamma ray is since he tells you the concentration of these filaments so for the material characterization an elastic skating is utilized in but and as a form of iron beam analysis technique so this is a simple setup for piggy you have a scattering chamber it can be having a diameter of 50 centimeter or even more than that and a vacuum type of minus six star or better and we have a Target nucleus Target Target material in the form of a foil or the palette and so the projectile will be going in the up in the forward Direction but this Whenever there is a elastic scratching then the gamma ray can be emitted in all directions and you put a detector at 90 degree because in the forward generator you cannot keep the sector there will be a projectile beam will be passing through that zero degree so you put a 10 degree the background is much less and you detect the gamma ray so you can put a hpg at 90 DBT with respect to the rectile beam and record the gamma spectator it's online experiment while the beam is falling gamma rays are being measured we measured it for some time and then so you you can you record the gamma spectrum of the products that are formed so this characteristic gamma rays tell you what are the elements if you take the peak area and you can use some standards you can find out the concentration of these elements in the material so impurities or even bulk material factorization can be done within in elasticity then comes the direct reaction the direct reaction happen in a very short time scale of the hot row 10 power minus 22 seconds essentially this time scale is because of the time that nucleus projectile will take to cross the nuclear damages so that happens in the original two seconds and so the direct reactions means the the they come in the potential nucleophobic itself contact which is that but they don't amalgamate to form a compound nucleus so the energy is not liberated the mass is not liberated they just you know one step process you just knock out an electron a nucleon a proton or a neutron from the nucleus or it can strip its new particles in a very short time scale so the type of reactions that are taking place are by this DP reaction later on colliding with the target nucleus and the proton is coming out so Neutron is stripped Neutron is stripped of of a neutron that Neutron is captured by the topic nucleus I here 47 aluminum DP 28 aluminum similarly alpha trishium alpha is stripped of one Neutron and cristium is going out Neutron is fusing with the target Alpha D deuteron is going is closed with Target and the deuteron one Neutron goes out so like that this mostly you will find these reactions take place with the low z nuclei like lithium helium fishium withdrawn and so on one of the very interesting aspect of this direct reaction particularly here the transfer reaction is you have transferring a nuclear Neutron from withdrawn to aluminum 27 which the energetics are quite different from if you consider a neutron captured by aluminum cuts when your Neutron is captured by aluminum 27 then the energy that is released is binding energy of neutron in aluminum 28 7.7 million this is the mass of neutron plus mass of 27 aluminum minus mass of 28 aluminum this is the energy released and this much energy will go in the excitation of aluminum 28 so the the excitation of aluminum 28 that's from 7.7 V will take place by the mission of gamma rays whereas by DP reaction you are not exciting these two at that high energy because the Q value is different for this reaction and so if you consider the nucleus then it is different excited state Neutron plus 27 aluminum 28 aluminum then you will find the in the case of neutron capture reaction you may populate it here but in the case of DP reaction you may pop politics here and so you see a different energy State populated in this kind of static reaction so you can study the nuclear reactions at different energy State and different environment another type of reaction is pickup reactions that means a projectile picks up a nucleon like when you hear the neutron area proton could be drawn and so on so versatile picks up a particle a nucleon or a nuclear a cluster from the target like here nitrogen 14 PD so proton is becoming Neutron and escaping so it is picking up a neutron from nitrogen 14 and goes out as a neutral so this kind of reactions are also direct reactions they all take place at a much smaller time scale so I try to give a schematic of this Neutron comes close to the Target nucleus and then picks up a neutron from the target nucleus and so this is actually this is a stripping reaction not the pickup reaction but the throne comes with the target nucleus gives a neutron to the Target nucleus and proton is going out and the new Target plus Neutron nucleus is going another Direction so these are the kind of reactions you know where you populate the low-lying states of the nuclei because the active values are not very high and they in fact the nuclear is these people who study such reactions they study the spectroscopy of low-lying states by using transfer actions of stripping or pickup type so here the this is the momentum transfer So when you say a nuclear reactions no the tile and projectile is a wave you can read e raised to PSI is called E raised to i k x like plane wave so K is the momentum of the particle and so when a like for example here this DP reaction so the the projectile is transferring a neutron to the Target nucleus so the neutron momentum can be given in terms of proton momentum the neutron momentum and the cycle Vector the vector sum of proton and neutron momentar to give you the neutron moment so how much momentum is transported to the Target nucleus that is kn and that can be given in terms of so you can you know the momentum of the proton you know the momentum of the neutron so you can tell what is the momentum transfer to the Target nucleus and that momentum then you can transform to the angular momentum in terms of R cross P so p is k a h cross and R maximum since they are peripheral collisions they are surface navigation so R can be replaced by the nuclear radius so the ambivalent momentum transferred in this nuclear reactions are the neutron momentum and the radius of the target increase so they are the kind of reactions where you transfer some angular momentum and you can see those targets certain States I mean that kind of angular momentum so people are trying to see spectroscopy of low-lying states of Target nuclei by means of this direct reaction so the Nuclear Physics Community trying to study spectroscopy of low line States utilize this beams of foreign okay so now I will come to the last nuclear reaction mechanism and that is the most important one that is the compound nucleus the axis in the compound nuclear reaction the projectile and Target fused together to form a compound nucleus C and this subsequently which this will leak site by emission of particles of gamma ray so we can say this is a ejectile and it's the heavy residue we will discuss more on this subsequently the important aspects of this are the projectile and Target to their identity that means the compound nuclear does not know what way it was formed kinetic energy is not conserved in the compound nuclear reactions all the energy that most of the content energy of the projectile will be converted into the excitation energy of the components the projectile and Target nucleus used to form a compound nucleus so formation of compound nucleus is the first step is a two-step process in the first step projectile Target fused with it on a compound nucleus and second step the compound nucleus decides by emission of particles and commerce and the most important part is these two steps are independent of Bachelor so whatever is the projectile exercise energy and angular momentum they decide how it will decide it does not depend upon how the wood projectile input Target used together to form this components so this is the important assumptions and they have been verified also subsequently so the compound nucleus is your interest Channel means a plus a is called the inters Channel how it was formed so for the for the intestinal that means formation of compound nucleus from the talent Target we'll call it the first part of the reaction and that is called the entrance Channel interest Channel means how the retirement Target to form the compounding place and for that the Q value is mass of the projectile plus Target minus the mass of the compound nucleus into you can say C Square right in terms of the Delta M values in Mev then we don't need to multiply by the C Square secondly the energy available in the center of mass system ECM is equal to volatile energy in the level 3 into mass of Target upon mass or Target plus projector so it is the mass production of the target to total mass measure suppose the target is heavier then the majority of the energy of projectile goes to center of mass energy and a small fraction will go into the kinetic energy so what those are the kinetic energy E A into M A upon M A Plus M A this fraction is also called as the requirements so some part goes as required energy some part goes as the ECM energy available in the center of mass term and that energy available in the center of mass system adds to the excessive energy of the compound so the compound nucleus accepts energy is equal to energy available in center of Mass determesium plus the Q value and the another important property of compound interest is the angular momentum of the compound nucleus which is the projectile angular momentum Plus Target angular momentum and the orbital regular momentum that the projectile brings in the L value for a particular Collision so this is these are the spins and this is the orbital lagular momentum they couple vectorially to give rise to a resultant development so the net the excitation of the compound nuclear depends upon extension energy and the angular moment these are the two important properties of the compound nucleus that will govern how the nucleus will the independent hypothesis I was talking about that means the formation of the compound nucleus and its Decay these are two independent steps in the componential mechanism and this has been verified by one experiment of a Indian scientist SN Ghoshal way back in 1950 and very interesting experiment he carried out that is he formed a same compound nucleus zinc 64 by two different reactions Alpha plus nickel 60 zinc 64 proton plus copper 63 64. and this compound nucleus is excited this excited component plus can emit a neutron two neutrons or proton and neutron giving rise to different products zinc 63 zinc 62 and copper 60. so what I have shown here on the left hand side in this graph is the variation of the cross section the particular product formed by two reactions for example this first reaction see let us see jinx63 one end product zinc 63 here you can see nickel 60 Alpha and zinc 63 copper 63 p and dx63 so for nickel 63 nickel nickel 60 this is the reaction and for copper 63 this is the reaction but you can see here the both the the ratio of the two in the cross section for the two channels different inter channels are nearly constant this is small difference in the cross section value actually may be due to angular momentum because it is very difficult to match it such energy and angular so you can see the proton energy and Alpha energy are matched so that will give you the same statistic energy but angular momentum could be slightly varying and that's why there will be small difference but by and large you see other product proper 62 both the reactions lead to similar process zinc 62 you can see the whether you form by nickel plus alpha or copper plus proton the cross sections for the individual products are nearly same that was the experimental verification of the independent hypothesis that means whatever Channel you use to form a compound nucleus then it says the exercise of the compound nucleus is independent of that is what I try to explain using the experiment of SN Ghoshal or a compound nucleus process I'll stop here pick up the detailed mechanism of compound nucleus in the next part thank you [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] | IIT Bombay July 2018 | UCLI5I1QwKqQn0Cf4nzdGKeQ | 2023-02-20 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 4,511 | 24,879 |
M1VQTcxWuFg | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M1VQTcxWuFg | North Inlet-Winyah Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve | Wikipedia audio article | the North inlet Wynyard Bay National estuarine research Reserve in the US state of South Carolina features the salt marshes and ocean dominated tidal creeks of the North inlet estuary plus the brackish waters and marshes of the adjacent wynia Bay Estuary North inlet is a relatively pristine system in which water and habitat quality are much higher than those in when you Bay as the estuary with the third largest watershed on the East Coast when y'all Bay has been greatly influenced by agriculture industry and other human activities more than ninety percent of North inlets watershed as in its natural forested state the reserve is home to many threatened and endangered species including sea turtles sturgeons least terns and wood storks reserve resources range from tidal and transitional marshes to oyster reefs beaches and intertidal flats and from coastal island forests to open waterways | wikipedia tts | UCmp1SkLvf1pYMPK7PE2mYXA | 2018-12-18 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 146 | 897 |
Vc28quiQ4TQ | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vc28quiQ4TQ | Bernie Sanders Knocks Buttigieg’s Healthcare Proposal as a “Failed Idea” | so without question Bernard Sanders is the most important and I think influential ally that we have in the fight to get Medicare for all that doesn't mean that he created this idea even though he supported it for decades but he did popularize this issue this is something that grassroots activists have been fighting for for decades but what he did was he took this issue and he brought it to the forefront of American political discourse and because of him we're all talking about Medicare for all right he is facilitating a cultural shift in the way that we view health care now we view it as a right even corporate Democrats who don't even support Medicare for all at least concede that it's a right and you know they don't actually believe it's a right if they don't want it to be free at the point of service but nonetheless he has changed the way that we talk about health care so he is the most crucial ally with that being said I do think that there are areas where he could improve and I think that he's playing to nice and he's done that pretty much throughout the course of the 2020 primary he rarely goes on the offensive and it's important that you defend when it comes to you know what you've managed to build up in terms of rhetoric around health care in Medicare for all but you've also got to attack the people who are attacking you if they attack Medicare fraud don't just defend but attack the policy that they are proposing like mayor Pete and the reason why you have to do this is because their attacks are actually landing like since mayor Pete and you know Joe Biden have been more vicious and vociferous and attacking Medicare for all public support for Medicare for all actually decreased and support for a public option has increased this is according to a study by the Kaiser Family Foundation who does a lot of polling when it comes to health care so you have to also go on the offensive and attack people who are fighting against what you're fighting for and Bernie Sanders has finally started to do that and it's really important because what he says people actually take seriously there was a recent poll that shows Bernie Sanders is the most trusted on a number of the economy education but also health care and that is really really important so if Bernie Sanders says that somebody else's idea on health care is flawed people will listen any dead bad he criticized mayor Pete's Medicare for all who wanted and explained why that is it is an idea that is a disaster if it actually does get implemented so as Nick coach rain of the Des Moines Register writes but a judge like many candidates seeking the Democratic nomination for president outlined a health care plan that stops short of Sanders goal instead Bernadette proposes giving people a choice between buying into a public option of health care coverage or private insurance and that's its fatal flaw Sanders said it would overload the government with the most expensive patients he said when you talk about having a system where you're going to have private insurance and you're going to have a public option going in the rich and the healthy will go into private insurance the poor and the sick will go into Medicare and cost that system an enormous amount of money Sanders said so it's a failed idea in my view he chastised the prescription drug and healthcare industries as creating a dysfunctional cruel system that is very very expensive he asked attendees for stories about health care costs and they shared tales of high costs for inadequate care when an attendee asked about budda judges plan Sanders called it unfair if put a judge or someone else wants to maintain that system I think it's really unfair to the working families of this country Sanders said I'm just suggesting to you we can substantially lower health care costs for working families and that is exactly correct we lower health care costs if everyone is in one risk pool if every single person is on the same plan in America that's what we need to have happen because that way it's not just you know a public option that's being burdened by the sick and the poor whereas healthy people will be marketed you know by these insurance companies these plans that are cheap that don't offer much but nonetheless they're not helping to subsidize the entire health care system which is the way it's supposed to function if you want it to have staying power right and longevity so what we need to make crystal clear about a public option is that this is the illusion of choice it's not actually increasing choice because if you truly want choice when it comes to healthcare what does that mean that means that I can choose my doctor I can choose the hospitals that I go to and I don't have to worry about out of network expenses but with this system Pete Buddha judge and Joe Biden also are promoting this as choice because you get to choose between a private and a public option but that doesn't actually give you more choice than Medicare for all because if you have a multi payer system well what if the hospital that you want to go to doesn't accept it to Medicare I mean if everyone has the same plan if the government is the single payer when it comes to insurance they can't choose to opt out of taking Medicare unless they want to go out of business essentially now they technically can do that if they're stupid if you know they expect people to just pay out of pocket and I'm sure that maybe there'll be a clinic or two under Medicare for all that will do that but you know in the grand scheme of things it is in their financial interest to not opt out because they would lose a lot of money but with a multi payer system with a public option they can do that they can say oh what's that you have Medicare we actually don't take Medicare here sorry or they can say you know what we actually do take Medicare but we don't accept Medicare for this particular procedure because they don't pay out as much as private insurance companies something along those lines I don't know but understand that if you truly want to increase choice if that's your main goal which is what individuals like Buddha Church purport then increasing choice means doing Medicare for all where you eliminate networks there's just one giant network and it's free at the point of service for everyone who actually can go to a doctor even if they don't have a job even if they don't have private insurance that is what choice means right because even if you're a homeless person you can walk into a doctor's office and get checked up because it is free at the point of service we don't have the choice to do that right now we wouldn't have the choice to do that under a public option because Medicare for all who wanted as Elizabeth Warren actually put it is Medicare for all who can afford it in actuality you have to have money to have health care it is not free at the point of service therefore it's still a commodity like baseball cards and video games so this is important I'm glad that Bernie Sanders is now going on the offensive I think he needs to do this more and I get the worry with basically attacking your opponent's because back in 2016 when he was more critical of Hillary Clinton marginally so he was accused of being a misogynist and you know a toxic and spewing too much vitriol but if you truly believe in what you're fighting for then you have to make sure you call out the people who are fighting against the progress that you've made push the envelope further but defend the gains that you've made right solidify the progress that we've made that's incredibly crucial so regardless Bernie isn't going to win over the establishment and the health insurance industry so go on the offensive attack them if they're going to continue to attack you and attack Medicare for all just the other day P put a judge in defending his work at mckinsey for Blue Cross Blue Shield and the potential job losses that he caused he said that actually Bernie Sanders his policy I'm paraphrasing he didn't name Bernie but he essentially said Bernie's Medicare fraud would lead to the most amount of jobs being lost because well if you wipe out the private insurance industry then that leaves thousands of Americans without jobs that's an attack and also it's a misrepresentation because Bernie Sanders opts for a just transition to where people who are currently working in the private insurance industry can get jobs in Medicare so it's a lie and you know his opponents have no problems attacking him so it's about time that Bernie Sanders gives them a taste of their own medicine and he actually calls them what they are you know frauds who are promoting failed strategies when it comes to health care he didn't call them frauds but he should but um yeah give him a taste of their own medicine no pun intended keep it up Bernie because this is how you win by showing them that what they're pitching is snake oil and you're pitching what is truly going to save lives and offer people real choice Medicare for all [Music] | The Humanist Report | UC7Q4rvzJDbHeBHYk5rnvZeA | 2019-12-23 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,654 | 9,061 |
HvCnbM127V8 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HvCnbM127V8 | The Startup Bubble: How it Works | With Aunindyo Chakravarty | foreign yes what the thumbnail says is exactly what this video is going to try and prove that the startup ecosystem is the biggest scam of contemporary capitalism now all of us have heard of tech startups and a majority of us have got carried away by the hype around them in fact at some point you must have heard the saying that software will eat the world now what does that mean it means that Tech will replace human beings and human dependent systems in almost everything we do Tech startups are based on this fundamental premise think of the startups that you know a large number of them operate in the retail trade and distribution space let me give you a few popular examples Amazon for instance the places you need to go to many shops and allow you to buy things from across the world with just a couple of clicks on your phone zomato lets you access food from thousands of restaurants across India actually without leaving your home or going to each individual visual website to order paytm allows you to leave your wallet at home and it dramatically reduces the number of trips that you have to make to the ATM every time you run out of cash and blink it delivers your groceries faster than it takes for you to walk to your closest grocery store then there are social media apps which allow you to stay connected to your friends and acquaintances 24 7. and also lets you indulge in all your vices Instagram for instance helps you bring out the exhibitionists in you Facebook makes you a warrior you can browse through a friend's photos and judge them without them ever really knowing whether you did that you can sometimes even see photos of friends or friends and yes Facebook also lends you Social Capital you can let the world know who your friends are and rise up the social ladder and Twitter gives you your personal soapbox for you to give a usually uninformed opinion on everything under the sun and then there is the biggest Tech Marvel Google which is revolutionized our access to information whether through its search engine or through that great video repository YouTube which Google owns I'm leaving out apple and Microsoft from this list even though they're called tech companies for two reasons first they're not new they've been around for a very long time Microsoft for instance gives us old-fashioned Computing word processing presentations and a very sophisticated calculator called Excel while these are revolutionary they are more like paper saving and time saving devices productivity AIDS and don't really replace humans on a very large scale the second reason is that they're similar to Old School manufacturing companies Apple almost entirely so its businesses selling phones tablets and earphones Each of which have to be physically manufactured in actions yes of course Apple also has a streaming music service and a video on demand service like Netflix does but you know those are not cartridge business and they're not very profitable if you notice amongst the tech companies that I've named many are virtually monopolies they have no serious competitor Google has no real rival when it comes to search yes Microsoft has hit back by integrating chat GPT in its search engine but it is still far away from really challenging Google's complete dominance Facebook now called meta is a virtual monopoly in social media owning not just Facebook but also WhatsApp and Instagram Twitter is the go to microblogging site for everyone even though it is struggling to make money and Amazon is without doubt the biggest Global e-commerce site if you look at food delivery in India then two companies zomato and swiggy control almost the entire market and we all use these apps every day but ask yourself would you use them if you had to pay a lot of money for them would you pay for instance 500 rupees a month to use Google Search would you pay for Facebook or Instagram or Twitter or even WhatsApp would you pay a hefty delivery free on zomato or blanket if they didn't balance that out by giving you massive discounts would you pay more on Amazon because things are home delivered or will you then make the trip to the shop more often than you do right now would you use UPI or paytm if you had to pay a large transaction fee the answer in most cases would be a resounding no or you'll pay much less than the company can hope to earn all tech companies know this software does not eat the word freebies do in every case without exception every time a tech company especially a startup tries to earn their money directly from customers they fail even the profitable tech companies whether it is Facebook or Google earn their money from advertisers and not from users in that sense their revenue model is even more advertisement dependent than media companies I mean after all old school newspapers and news channels on some of their money from subscribers Google and Facebook don't get a penny from subscribers Amazon is a mega marketplace where it earns a commission from vendors but it also passes on some of that fee to Consumers as discounts to hold them onto their platform that is why Amazon loses money on its online retail business almost all of its profits come from the services it provides to other corporates called Amazon web service or AWS and by the way right now Amazon is a loss making company despite this precarious Revenue model and relatively modest profits Amazon Facebook and Google are amongst the most valuable companies in the world and it is the success of these Tech Giants in the global stock markets which enables every new tech startup to command fabulous valuations even though they make absolutely no profit even take the big Tech names in India paytm as a matter of by juice they make huge losses but they're extremely valuable companies that is what makes the tech startup ecosystem such a big scam some of you might know what valuation means some of you might not in the simplest terms it is the amount of money that you would need to buy out a company in its entirety the market value of a company whose shares can be bought and sold on the stock market is pretty easy to calculate if it has 10 lakh shares and each share is selling at a thousand rupees then the company is worth 10 lakh into thousand which is 100 crore rupees usually the value of a share is dependent on two things a profitable companies and what its growth prospects are so sometimes a company that is less profitable might be more valuable because it is likely to grow faster and deliver higher profits later than a company that makes more money right now now this promise of future earnings is what is used to justify the valuations of tech companies and Tech startups this is why Facebook's parent company meta's market value is 25 higher than that of the oil giant Exxon Mobil even the Facebook's profits are barely 40 of what ExxonMobil earns Amazon which made a three billion dollar loss in 2022 has a market value that is more than double that of Exxon Mobil but at least Facebook and Amazon are listed companies they have to declare their financial data this is revenues costs profits taxes every three months the world of tech startups on the other app is completely non-transparent so how are they valued let us take the hypothetical case of an imaginary company company which we will call Ponzi AI the founders of Ponzi AI have made an app and they've gone to an early stage investor to raise money let us call this investor Angel funds Angel funds gives 1 million dollars and in exchange it gets five percent ownership of Ponzi AI now right at the beginning without showing any revenues of profits just a promise Ponzi ai's valuation goes to 20 million dollars Ponzi AI uses the 1 million that it has raised to give freebies and get customers on board in the world of tech startups this is called customer acquisition which is actually just a fancy name for giving things out for free after six months Ponzi AI has run out of the money Angel funds doesn't want to give any more doesn't have any more so together they look for second round investors this is a bigger Venture Capital fund and let us call it Big bet funds Bonzi ai's Founders and Angel funds negotiate hard and they we tell big big funds that say look we have already had 100 000 customers don't worry that they don't pay anything but look at the growth potential they managed to convince big bet funds to put up some money this time at a higher valuation so big bet agrees to buy 15 of the company for six million dollars Bonzi ai's valuation has jumped to 40 million dollars in just six months Angel funds sells at five percent to Big bet for two million dollars doubling their Investments and Ponzi AI gets the remaining four million dollars to reinvest in its game of giving freebies to acquire even more customers after another six months Ponzi AI has spent all its money but well it's customer base has risen to 300 000 people in just one year it has gone from zero to three hundred thousand what brilliant growth oh yes no point harping on that small fact that no money was actually made in the process now upon the ai's founders and big bet funds want to sell shares to more mature fund and raise even more money at even higher valuations this time they managed to raise money from a private Equity Fund called clever Investments clever Investments agrees to buy one-third upon the AI and agrees to pay 30 million dollars for it the startups valuation has now risen to 90 million dollars in just one year big bet sells 10 to clever Investments and takes out 20 million dollars while holding on to the remaining five percent for future gains Ponzi AI gets the remaining 10 million dollars to plow back into the business this is burnt in another year thanks to that magic world called customer acquisition Ponzi AI is still making huge losses and it has not met any of its Revenue targets clever Investments gets nervous now now in any old school business clever Investments would write off the money it put in shut the company down sell all its assets and try to recover whatever it can but this is the starter World here the exact opposite happens clever Investments invest even more money at an even higher valuation it now takes its ownership to 50 and puts in another 50 million dollars for the remaining one-sixth of the company this takes Ponzi ai's valuation to a whopping 300 million dollars with no real business to show against it what clever Investments has done is that it has sent a message to the market that it has full faith in Ponzi ai's growth story now it is time to offload all the shares to a greater fool and who better to do that and the average retail investor in the stock markets so Ponzi as Founders and clever investments plan an IPO they get a big name Global Auditors to Value the company and these firms magically come back with a fair value of a billion dollars Ponzi ai's IPO plans to sell 50 of the company to the public and to institutional investors and raise 500 million dollars the founders clever Investments and big bet intend to sell a large part of their shares in the IPO remember the total money that was put into the company various rounds was just 87 million dollars out of which Angel funds and big bet funds had already taken out 24 million in previous rounds now the investors and Founders will make huge amounts of money even if they plan to reinvest half of that in the company as soon as the company lists its stock price collapses because it has no earnings this is exactly what happened to paytm and zomato and the retail investor is left holding Dutch shares on which they've lost half their money but this is not the only thing that makes Tech such a scam it is also the only space left where Financial speculators can make money without showing any underlying earnings exactly like they did at the mortgage and real estate bubbles of the mid-2000s this is the last space for finance Capital to operate freely without regulation it is the last space for them to privatize all gains and socialize all losses that's the show today if you like the video comment and share and press the like button and do subscribe to our Channel and press the Bell icon so that you're the first to know whenever we upload a new video until next time goodbye foreign [Music] | NewsClickin | UCOF1iS7lmNRSWVqL8N3L6kQ | 2023-04-01 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 2,226 | 12,329 |
XWScuDB-7aw | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWScuDB-7aw | S.216, Spokane Tribe of Indians of the Spokane Reservation Equitable Compensation Act | for what purpose does the gentlewoman from New Mexico seek recognition Mr Speaker I move that the house suspend the rules and passed and passed the bill s tu-16 the clerk will report the title of the bill Senate 2:16 an act to provide for equitable compensation to the Spokane tribe of Indians of the Spokane reservation for the use of tribal land for the production of hydropower by the Grand Coulee Dam and for other purposes pursuant to the rule the gentlewoman from new mexico ms holland and the gentleman from Arkansas mr. Westerman each will control 20 minutes the chair recognizes the gentlewoman from New Mexico Thank You mr. speaker I ask unanimous consent that all members may have five legislative days in which to revise and extend their remarks and include extraneous material on the measure under consideration without objection so ordered Mr Speaker I yield myself such time as I may consume the gentlewoman is recognized s 2:16 the Spokane tribe of Indians of the Spokane reservation equitable Compensation Act will finally compensate the Spokane tribe of Indians for the flooding of their tribal lands that occurred with a construction of the Grand Coulee Dam more than 75 years ago located in Washington State the Grand Coulee Dam was built in the 1930s and 40s the reservoir it created flooded approximately 2,500 acres of the Spokane Indian Reservation these lands held great economic cultural and spiritual significance for the Spokane tribal people and included the tribes historic salmon fishing sites around the time of the dams completion the Indian Claims Commission Act of 1946 was enacted which gave tribal nations five years to file all relevant land claims against the federal government although the Spokane tribe filed a claim before this deadline which was settled in 1967 for around forty seven hundred dollars lands related to the dam were not included the end result is that more than 75 years later the Spokane tribe has still not received just compensation for the seizure and destruction of their lands this has severely impacted the ability of the tribal government to provide for their people this is also an issue of fairness and equity the only other tribe impacted by the construction of the Grand Coulee Dam the Confederated Tribes of the Colville reservation successfully secured a settlement with the United States in 1994 and have been receiving compensation ever since s 216 will require the Bonneville Power Administration to make annual payments to the tribe starting in 2022 to match the company's electricity sales much in the same way the Colville tribes are compensated the legislation has the support of the surrounding counties and local entities additionally BPA stated at a recent subcommittee hearing on the bill that the annual payments to the tribe quote will not result in perceptible rate impacts to its utility customers unquote the Grand Coulee Dam and the energy it produces has been a financial boon to the United States and the citizens of the Northwest it's now time to make whole the Spokane tribe for their sacrifice I want to thank Senator Cantwell for her tireless work on this issue on behalf of this of the Spokane tribal people and I urge my colleagues to support the legislation and Mr Speaker I reserve the balance of my time the gentleman the gentlewoman from New Mexico reserves about reserves the gentleman from Arkansas is recognized Mr Speaker I yield myself is such time as I may consume the gentleman is recognized and during debate on this legislation in committee a number of our members expressed concerns on the merits of the settlement achieved under F 216 ultimately this bill authorizes a settlement to the Spokane tribe for damages as a result of the construction of the Grand Coulee Dam as stated in the findings section of the legislation after construction of the dam the federal government recognized that Koval and Spokane tribes should be compensated for their losses negotiations commenced and settlements were reached between the federal government and both tribes independently no further claims were brought forward by the Spokane tribe and as a result the tribes claims were deemed fully settled now nearly 50 years later Congress is granting a settlement to the tribe that will entitle them to a share of revenues from hydropower cells by the Boonville power plant our power administration in perpetuity the main concern raised over our members was the potential of this bill as precedent to resettle claims between an entity and the federal government that have already been deemed settled in addition concerns have been raised that this legislation leaves the door open to off reservation gambling during the last 18 years most House passed bills addressing tribal land issues have contained Express restrictions on off-reservation gambling if 216 seems to be one of the few that does not now reserve the balance of my time the gentleman from Arkansas reserves the gentlewoman from New Mexico is recognized Mr Speaker I have no further requests for time and would inquire whether my colleague has any remaining speakers on their side Mr Speaker I yield a minute for minute we do have the gentlewoman I reserve the balance of my time the gentlewoman from next mexico reserves the gentleman from Arkansas is recognized and Mr Speaker I yield four minutes to the gentleman from Colorado mr. Lambert the gentleman from Colorado is recognized and I thank the gentleman mr. speaker this is an important bill but there is something even much more important this week in Congress in 2012 President Obama was caught on camera giving rushes then President Medvedev a secret message to be given to a soon-to-be successor Vladimir Putin let's stop the charade and kill this impeachment Mr Speaker I yield back the balance of my time and I yield back the balance of our time the gentleman from Arkansas yields back the balance of his time the gentlewoman from New Mexico is recognized Thank You mr. speaker i would just like to remind the house that this is an important bill that will bring equity to the Spokane tribe of Indians and I urge my colleagues to support the legislation and I yield back the balance of my time the question is will the house suspend the rules and pass Senate bill 2016 all those in favor say aye let me restate that the question is will the house suspend the rules and pass Senate Dean those in favor say aye those opposed say no in the opinion of the chair 2/3 being in the affirmative the rules are suspended the bill is passed and without objection the motion to reconsider is laid on the table | indianz | UC4_0pslzWKI4vG8B50P1K8A | 2019-12-18 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,126 | 6,621 |
yCrIA6xdtBg | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yCrIA6xdtBg | Chapter 7 from The Sane Society by Erich Fromm | the sane society by eric from chapter 7 various answers in the 19th century men with vision saw the process of decay and dehumanization behind the glamour and wealth and political power of western society some of them were resigned to the necessity of such a turn toward barbarism others stated an alternative but whether they took the one or the other position their criticism was based on a religious humanistic concept of man in history by criticizing their own society they transcended it they were not relativists who said as long as the society functions it is a sane and good society and as long as the individual is adjusted to his society he is a sane and healthy individual whether we think of burkhardt or prudent of tolstoy or baudelaire of marx or kropotkin they had a concept of man which was essentially a religious and moral one man is the end and must never be used as a means material production is for man not man for material production the aim of life is the unfolding of man's creative powers the aim of history is the transformation of society into one governed by justice and truth these are the principles on which explicitly and implicitly all criticism of modern capitalism was based these religious humanistic principles were also the basis for the proposals for a better society in fact the main expression of religious enthusiasm enthusiasm in the last 200 years is to be found exactly in those movements which had broken with traditional religion religion as an organization and a profession of dogma was carried on in the churches religion in the sense of religious fervor and living faith was largely carried on by the anti-religionists in order to give more substance to the statements just made it is necessary to consider some salient features in the development of christian western culture while for the greeks history had no aim purpose or end the judeo-christian concept of history was characterized by the idea that its inherent meaning was the salvation of man the symbol for this final salvation was the messiah the time itself the messianic time there are however two different concepts of what constitutes the eschaton the end of days the aim of history one connects the biblical myth of adam and eve with the concept of salvation briefly stated the essence of this idea is that originally man was one with nature there was no conflict between him and nature or between man and woman but man also lacked the most essential human trait that of knowledge of good and evil hence he was incapable of tr of free decision and responsibility the first act of disobedience became also the first act of freedom thus the beginning of human history man is expelled from paradise he has lost his harmony with nature he is put on his own feet but he is weak his reason is still undeveloped his power to resist temptation is still small he has to develop his reason to grow into full humanity in order to achieve a new harmony with nature with himself and with his fellow men the aim of history is the full birth of man his full humanization then the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the lord as the waters cover the sea all nations will form a single community and swords will be transformed into plows in this concept god does not perform an act of grace man has to go through many errors he has to sin and to take the consequences god does not solve his problems for him except by revealing to him the aims of life man has to achieve his own salvation he has to give birth to himself and at the end of the days the new harmony the new peace will be established the curse pronounced against adam and eve will be repealed as it were by man's own unfolding in the historical process the other messianic concept of salvation which became predominant in the christian church is that man can never absolve himself from the corruption he underwent as a consequence of adam's disobedience only god by an act of grace can save man and he saved him by becoming human in the person of christ who died the sacrificial death of the savior man through the sacraments of the church becomes a participant in the salvation and thus obtains the gift of god's grace the end of history is the second coming christ which is a supernatural and not a historical event this tradition continued in the part of the western world in which the catholic church remained dominant but for the rest of europe and america in the 18th and 19th centuries theological thinking lost more and more in vitality the age of enlightenment was characterized by its fight against the church and clericalism and the further development of a growing doubt and eventually the negation of all religious concepts but this negation of religion was only a new form of thought expressing the old religious enthusiasm especially as far as the meaning and purpose of history was concerned in the name of reason and happiness of human dignity and freedom the messianic idea found a new expression in france condorcet in his eskies tableau historic from 1793 laid the foundation for the faith in the eventual perfection of the human race which would bring about a new era of reason and happiness and to which there were no limitations the coming of the messianic realm was condorcet's message which was to influence saint simon comte and prudent indeed the fervor of the french revolution was messianic fervor and secular language in german enlightenment philosophy the same translation from the theological concept of salvation into secular language occurred blessings the erzebang de des menchendclix german words are so damn long it's crazy anyway became most influential on german but also on french thinking tolessing the future was to be the age of reason and self-realization brought about by the education of mankind thus realizing the promise of christian revelation fict believed in the coming of a spiritual millennium hegel in the realization of god's realm in history thus translating christian theology into this worldly philosophy hegel's philosophy found its most significant historical continuation in marx more clearly perhaps than that of many other enlightenment philosophers marx thought marx's thought is messianic religious in secular language all past history is only pre-history it is the history of self-alienation with socialism the realm of human history if human freedom will be ushered in the classless society of justice brotherliness and reason will be the beginning of a new world toward the formation of which all previous history was moving while it is the main purpose of this chapter to present the ideas of socialism as the most important attempt to find an answer to the ills of capitalism i shall first discuss briefly the totalitarian answers and one which may be properly called super capitalism authoritarian idolatry fascism nazism and stalinism have in common that they offered the atomized individual a new refuge and security these systems are the culmination of alienation the individual is made to feel powerless and insignificant but taught to project all his human powers into the figure of the leader the state the fatherland to whom he has to submit and whom he has to worship he escapes from freedom into a new idolatry all the achievements of individuality and reason from the late middle ages to the 19th century are sacrificed on the altars of the new idols the new systems were built on the most flagrant lies both with regard to their programs and to their leaders in their program they claimed to fulfill some sort of socialism when what they were doing was the negation of everything that was meant by this word in the socialist tradition the figures of their leaders only emphasized the great deception mussolini a cowardly braggart became a symbol for manliness and courage hitler a maniac of destruction was praised as the builder of a new germany stalin a cold-blooded ambitious schemer was painted as the loving father of his people nevertheless in spite of the common element one must not ignore certain important differences between the three forms of dictatorship italy industrially the weakest of the great western european powers remained relatively weak and powerless in spite of her victory in the first world war her upper classes were unwilling to undertake any of the necessary reforms especially in the agricultural sphere and her population was seized by a deep dissatisfaction with the status quo fascism was to cure the hurt national vanity by its bragging slogans and to channel the resentment of the masses away from its original objectives at the same time it wanted to convert italy into a more advanced industrial power it failed in all its realistic aims because fascism never made a serious attempt to solve the pressing economic and social problems of italy germany on the contrary was the most developed and progressive industrial country in europe while fascism could have had at least an economic function nazism had none it was the insurrection of the lower middle class and jobless officers and students based on the demoralization brought about by military defeat and inflation and more specifically by the mass unemployment during the depression after 1929 but it could not have been victorious without the active support of important sectors of financial and and industrial capital who felt threatened by an ever increasing dissatisfaction of the masses with the capitalist system the german reichstag in the early 1930s had a majority of those parties which partly sincerely and partly insincerely had a program of some kind of anti-capitalism this threat led important sectors of german capitalism to support hitler russia was the exact opposite of germany she was industrially the most backward of all the european great powers just emerging from a semi-feudal state even though her industrial sector in itself was highly developed and centralized the sudden collapse of the tsarist system had had created a vacuum so that lenin disbanding the only other force which could have could have filled this vacuum the constituent assembly hoped to be able to jump directly from the semi-feudal phase into that of an industrialized socialist system however lenin's policy was not a product of the moment it was the logical consequence of his political thinking conceived many years before the outbreak of the russian revolution he like marx believed in the historic mission of the working class to emancipate society but he had little faith in the will and ability of the working class to achieve this aim spontaneously only if the working class was led so he thought by a small well-disciplined group of professional revolutionaries only if it was forced by the group to execute the laws of history as lenin saw them could the revolution succeed and be prevented from ending up in a new version of a class society the crucial point in lenin's position was the fact that he had no faith in the spontaneous action of the workers and peasants and he had no faith in them because he had no faith in man it is this lack of faith in man which anti-liberal and clerical ideas have in common with lenin's concept on the other hand faith in man is the basis for all genuinely progressive movements throughout history it is the most essential condition of democracy and of socialism faith in mankind without faith in man is either insincere or if sincere it leads to the very results which we see in the tragic history of the inquisition spears terror and lenin's dictatorship many democratic socialist and socialist revolutionaries saw the dangers in lenin's concept nobody saw it more clearly than rosa luxemburg she warned that the choice to be made was between democratism and bureaucratism and the development in russia proved the correctness of her prediction while an ardent and uncompromising critic of capitalism she was a person with an unshakable and profound faith in man when she and gustav landauer were murdered by the soldiers of the german counter-revolution the humanistic tradition of faith in man was meant to be killed with them it was this lack of faith in man which made it possible for the authoritarian systems to conquer man leading him on to have faith in an idol rather than in himself between the exploitation and early capitalism and that of stalinism there is not a small difference the brutal exploitation of the worker in early capitalism even though it was backed by the political power of the state apparatus did not prevent the right the rise of new and progressive ideas in fact all great socialist ideas have their birth in this very period a period in which owenism could flourish and in which the chartist movement was destroyed by force only after 10 years indeed the most reactionary government in europe that of the tsar did not use methods of repression which could be compared with those of stalinism since since the brutal destruction of the kronstadt rebellion russia offered no chance for any progressive development such as even the darkest periods of early capitalism did under stalin the soviet system lost the last remnants of its original socialist intentions the killing of the old guard of bolsheviks in the 30s was only the final dramatic expression of this fact in many respects the stalinist system shows similarities with the earlier phase of european capitalism characterized by a quick accumulation of capital and by a ruthless exploitation of the workers but the difference however that political terrors used in place of the economic laws which forced the 19th century worker to accept the economic conditions to which he was exposed super capitalism exactly the opposite pole is represented by certain ideas proposed by a group of industrialists in the united states and also in france seeking for a solution of the industrial problem the philosophy of this group which is united into a council of profit sharing industries is clearly and lucidly expressed in incentive management by james f lincoln for the past 38 years the executive lead or the executive head of the lincoln electric company the thinking of this group starts out on premises which in some ways are reminiscent of the above-quoted critics of capitalism the industrialist writes lincoln concentrates on machines and neglects man who is the producer and developer of the machine and obviously has far greater potentialities he will not consider the fact that undeveloped geniuses are doing manual jobs in his plant where they have neither the opportunity nor are given the incentive to develop themselves to genius or even to normal intelligence and skill the author feels that the lack of interest of the worker in his work creates dissatisfaction which either leads to a decrease in the productiveness of the worker or to industrial strife in class struggle he considers his solution not as an embellishment for our industrial system but as a matter vital to the survival of capitalism america he writes is at the crossroads in this matter a decision must be made and soon there is much lack of understanding by the people generally yet they must choose on their decision rests the future of the united states and of the individual he criticizes creighton contrast to most defenders of the capitalist system the prevalence of the profit motive in the industrial system in industry he writes the goal of the company's operation that is stated in the bylaws is to make a profit and profit only there is no one outside of the stockholders who gets that profit and when and few stockholders generally are workers for the company as long as that is true the goal of profit will engender no enthusiasm in the workers that goal will not do in fact most workers feel that too much profit is already given to the stockholder he the worker resents being fooled by economic theories about paying for the tools of production when he often sees these costs being frittered away by incompetence and selfishness in high places these criticisms are very much the same as they have been made by many socialist critics of capitalism and they show a sober and realistic appreciation of the economic and human facts the philosophy behind it however is quite the contrary of socialist ideas lincoln is convinced that development of the individual can only take place in the fiercely competitive game of life selfishness is the driving force that makes the human race what it is for good or evil hence it is the force that we must depend on and properly guide if the human race is to progress he then goes on to differentiate between stupid and intelligent selfishness the former being the selfishness that permits man to steal the latter that causes a man to struggle toward perfection so that he becomes more prosperous discussing the incentives for work lincoln states that just as with the amateur athlete the incentive is not money we can conclude that money is not necessarily an incentive for the industrial workers nor are sharp nor our short hours safety seniority security and bargaining power and incentive for work the only potent incentive according to him is recognition of our abilities by our contemporaries and ourselves as a practical consequence of these ideas lincoln suggests a method of industrial organization in which the worker is rewarded for all the things he does that are of help and penalized if he does not do as well as others in all these same ways he is a member of the team and is rewarded or penalized depending on what he can do and does do in all opportunities to win the game in applying this system the man is rated by all those who have accurate knowledge of some phase of his work on this reading he is rewarded or penalized this program runs parallel to the write-ups following the playing of a game or the selecting of an all-american team the best man gets the praise and the standing he and the standing he warrants and craves in the bonus plan described here man is rewarded in direct proportion to his contribution to the scot to the success of the of the company the parallel is obvious each man is advanced or in his standing by his current record he is rated three times per year the sum of these ratings determines his share in the bonus in advancement at the time of giving each man his rating any question that he may want to ask as to why the reading is as it is and how it can be improved is answered in complete detail by the executives responsible the size of the bonus is determined in this way six percent of the profit is paid to the stockholders as a dividend after the dividend is provided for we set aside seed money for the future of the company the amount of this seed money is is determined by the directors based on current operations the seed money is used for expansion and replacement after these deductions from the profits all the balances divided as bonus among the workers and management the bonus has represented a total amount of from 20 percent of wages and salaries per year as a minimum to a maximum of 28 percent a year over the last 16 years the average total bonus for each employee was around 40 thousand dollars in 16 years that is two thousand five hundred dollars per year all workers have aside from the bonus the same basic wage rates as those usual for comp comparable operations the average employment costs for the employee at the lincoln factory for nineteen fifty was seven thousand seven hundred and one dollars as compared with three thousand seven hundred and five dollars at the general electric company under this system the linking company which employs around one thousand workers and employees has been very prosperous and the sales value of products per employee has been about twice as high as that of the rest of the electric electrical machinery industry the number of work stoppages in the lincoln factory between 1934 and 1945 was zero as against a minimum of 11 to a maximum of 96 in the rest of the electrical machinery industry the labor turnover rates were more or less only 25 of those of all other manufacturing industries the principle involved in incentive management is in one respect drastically different from that of traditional capitalism the workers wages instead of being independent from the efforts and results of his work are related to it he participates in increasing profits while the stockholder gets a regular income which is not quite as directly related to the earnings of the company the company record the company records show clearly that the system led to increased productivity of the worker low labor turnover and absence of strikes but while the system differs in one important respect from the concept and practice of traditional capitalism it is at the same time the expression of expression of some of its most important principles especially as far as the human aspect is concerned it is based on the principle of selfishness and competition of monetary reward as the expression of social recognition and it does not change essentially the position of the worker in the process of work as far as the meaningfulness of the work for him is concerned as lincoln points out again and again the model for this system is the football team a group of men fiercely competing with all others outside of the group competing with each other within the group and producing results in this spirit of competitive cooperation actually the system of incentive management is the most logical consequence of the capitalistic system it tends to make every man the worker and employee as well as the manager into a small capitalist it tends to encourage the spirit of competition and selfishness in everybody to transform capitalism in such a way that it comprises the whole of the nation the profit sharing system is not as different from traditional capitalistic practices as it pretends to be it is a glorified form of the peace work system combined with a certain disregard for the importance of the rates of profit paid to the stockholders in spite of the talk about the human person everything the rating of the work as well as the amount of the workers bonus and of the dividends is determined by the management in an autocratic fashion the essential principle is sharing of profits not sharing of work however even if the principles are not new the profit-sharing concept is interesting because it is the most logical aim for a super capitalism in which the dissatisfaction of the worker is overcome by making him feel that he too is a capitalist and an active participant in the system socialism aside from fascist or stalinist authoritarianism and super capitalism of the incentive management type the third great reaction to and criticism of capitalism is the socialist theory it is essentially a theoretical vision in contrast to fascism and stalinism which became political and social realities this is so in spite of the fact that socialist governments were in power for a shorter or longer time in england and in scandinavian countries since the majority upon which their power rested was so small that they could not transform society beyond the most tentative beginnings of the realization of the program unfortunately at the time of this writing the words socialism and marxism have been charged with such an emotional impact that it is difficult to discuss these problems in a calm atmosphere the association which these words evoke today in many people are those of materialism godlessness bloodshed or the like briefly of the bad and evil one can understand such a creation only if one appreciates the degree to which words can assume a magical function and if one takes into account the decrease in reasonable thought that is to say in objectivity which is so characteristic of our age their rational response which is evoked by the words socialism and marxism is furthered by an astounding ignorance on the part of most of those who become hysterical when they hear these words in spite of the fact that all of marx's and other socialists writings are available to be read by everybody most of those who feel most violently about socialism and marxism have never read a word by marx and many others have only a very super superficial knowledge if this were not so it would seem impossible that men with some degree of insight and reason could have distorted the idea of socialism and marxism to the degree which is current today even many liberals and those who are relatively free from hysterical reactions believe that marxism is a system based on the idea that the interest in material gain is the most active power in man and that it aims at furthering material greed and its satisfaction if we only remind ourselves that the main argument in favor of capitalism is the idea that interest immaterial gain is the main incentive for work it can easily be seen that the very materialism which is ascribed to socialism is the most characteristic feature of capitalism and if anyone takes the trouble to study the socialist writers with a modicum of objectivity he will find that their orientation is exactly the opposite that they criticize capitalism for its materialism for its creep for its crippling effect on the genuinely human powers in man indeed socialism in all its various schools can be understood only as one of the most significant idealistic and moral movements of our age aside from everything else one cannot help deploring the political stupidity of this misrepresentation of socialism on the part of the western democracies stalinism won its victories in russia and asia by the very appeal which the idea of socialism has on vast masses of the population of the world the appeal lies in the very idealism of the socialist concept and the spiritual and moral encouragement which it gives justice hitler used the word socialism to give added appeal to his racial and nationalistic ideas stalin misappropriated the concept of socialism and of marxism for the purpose of his propaganda his claim is false in the essential points he separated the purely economic aspect of socialism that of the socialization of the means of production from the whole concept of socialism and perverted its human and social aims into their opposite the stalinist system today in spite of its state ownership of the means of production is perhaps closer to the early and purely exploitative forms of western capitalism than to any conceivable idea of a socialist society an obsessional striving for industrial advance ruthless disregard for the individual and greed for personal power or its main springs by accepting the thesis that socialism and marxism are more or less identical with stalinism we do the greatest service in the field of propaganda which the stalinists could wish to obtain instead of showing the falsity of their claims we confirm them this may not be an important problem in the united states where socialist concepts have no stronghold on the minds of the people but it is a very serious problem for europe and especially for asia where the opposite is true to combat the appeal of stalinism in those parts of the world we must uncover this deception and not confirm it there are considerable differences between the various schools of socialist thought as they have developed since the end of the 18th century and these differences are significant however as happens so often in the history of human thought the arguments between the representatives of the various schools obscure the fact that the common element among the various socialist thinkers is by far greater and more decisive than are the differences socialism as a political movement and at the same time as a theory dealing with the laws of of society and a diagnosis of its ills may be said to have been started in the french revolution by babuf he speaks in favor of the abolition of private ownership of the soil and demands the common consumption of the fruits of the earth the abolition of the difference between rich and poor ruler and ruled he believes that the time has come for republic of the equals the great hospitable house open for all in contrast to the relatively simple and primitive theory of babuf charles fourier whose first publication te de catrem mumma appeared in 1808 offers the most complex and elaborate theory and diagnosis of society he makes man and his passions the basis of all understanding of society and believes that a healthy society must serve not so much the aim of increasing material wealth as a realization of our basic passion brotherly love among the human passions he emphasizes particularly the butterfly passion man's need for change which corresponds to the many and diverse potentialities present in every human being work should be a pleasure and two daily hours of work should be sufficient against the universal organization of great monopolies in all branches of industry he postulates communal associations in the field of production and consumption free and voluntary associations in which individualism will combine spontaneously with collectivism only in this way can the third historical phase that of harmony supersede the two previous ones that of societies based on relations between slave and master and that between wage earners and entrepreneurs while fourier was a theoretician with a somewhat obsessional mind robert owen was a man of practice manager and owner of one of the most one of the best managed textile mills in scotland for owen ii the aim of a new society was not primarily that of increasing production but the improvement of the most precious things there is or precious thing that there is man like four years his thinking is based on psychological considerations of man's character while men are born with certain characteristic traits their character is definitely determined only by the circumstances under which they live if the social conditions of life are satisfactory man's character will develop its inherent virtues he believed that men were trained in all previous history only to defend themselves or to destroy others a new social order must be created in which men are trained in principles that would permit them to act in union and to create real and genuine bonds between individuals federal groups of 300 and up to 2 000 persons will cover the earth and be organized according to the principle of collective help within each other and among each other in each community the local government will work in closest harmony with each individual an even more drastic condemnation of the principle of authority and hierarchy is to be found in prodone's writings for him the central problem is not the substitution of one political regime for another but the building of a political order which is expressive of society itself he sees as the prime cause of all disorders and ills of society the single and hierarchical organization of authority and he believes the limitations of the state's task is a matter of life and death for freedom both collective and individual through monopoly he says mankind has taken possession of the globe and through association it will become its real master his vision of a new social order is based on the idea of reciprocity where all workers instead of working for an entrepreneur who pays them and keeps the products work for one another and thus collaborate in the making of a common product whose profits they share amongst themselves what is essential for him is that these associations are free and spontaneous and not state imposed like the state financed social workshops demanded by louis blah such a state-controlled system he says would mean a number of large associations in which libra would be regimented and ultimately enslaved through a state policy of capitalism what would freedom universal happiness civilization have gained nothing we would merely have exchanged our chains and the social idea would have made no step forward we would still be under the same arbitrary power not to say under the same economic fatalism nobody has seen the danger which has come to pass under stalinism more clearly than prudent in the middle of the 19th century as the passage already quoted clearly indicates he was also aware of the danger of dogmatism which should prove so disastrous in the development of the marxist theory and he expressed it clearly in a letter to marx let us he writes if you wish search together for the laws of society the manner in which they are realized the method according to which we can discover them but for god's sake after having demolished all dogmas let us not think of indoctrinating the people ourselves let us not fall into the contradiction of your compatriot luther who began with excommunications and anathemas to found the protestant theology after having overthrown the catholic theology prodone's thinking is based on an ethical concept in which self-respect is the first maxim of ethics from self-respect follows respect of one's neighbor as the second maxim of morality this concern with the inner change in man as the basis of a new social order was expressed by predom and in a letter saying the old world is in a process of dissolution one can change it only by the integral revolution in the ideas and in the hearts the same awareness of the dangers of centralization and the same belief and the productive powers of man although mixed with the romantic glorification of destruction is to be found in the writings of michael bakkenin in a letter of 1868 he says the great teacher of us all product said that the unhappiest combination which might occur could be that socialism should unite itself to absolutism the striving of the people for economic freedom and material well-being through dictatorship and the concentration of all political and social powers in the state may the future protect us from the favors of despotism but may it preserve us from the unhappy consequences and sultifications of indoctrinated or state socialism nothing living in human can prosper without freedom and a form of socialism which would do away with freedom or which would not recognize it as the sole creative principle and basis would lead us directly into slavery and bestiality fifty years after prudence letter to marx peter kerpotkin summed up his idea of socialism in a statement that the fullest development of individuality will combine with the highest development of voluntary association in all its aspects in all possible degree and for all possible purposes an association that is always changing that bears in itself the elements of its own duration that takes on the forms which best correspond at any given moment to the manifold strivings of all kurpotkin like many of his socialist predecessors stressed the inherent tendencies for cooperation and mutual help present in man and in the animal kingdom following the humanistic and ethical thought of krapotkin was one of the last great representatives of anarchist thought gustav landauer referring to predom he said that social revolution bears no resemblance at all to political revolution that although it cannot come alive and remain living without a good deal of the latter it is nevertheless a peaceful structure an organizing of new spirit for new spirit and nothing else he defined as the task of the socialists and their movement to loosen the hardening of hearts so that what lies buried may rise to the surface so that what truly lives yet now seems dead may emerge and grow light the discussion of the theories of marx and angles requires more space than that of the other socialist thinkers mentioned above partly because their theories are more complex covering a wider range and are not without contradictions partly because the marxian school of socialism has become the dominant form which socialist thought has assumed in the world as with all other socialists marxist's basic concern is man to be radical he once wrote means to go to the root and the root is man itself or man himself the history of the world is nothing but the creation of man is the history of the birth of man but all history is also the history of man's alienation from himself from his own human powers the consolidation of our own product to an objective force above us outgrowing our control defeating our expectations annihilating our calculations is one of the main factors in all previous historical development man has been the object of circumstances he must become the subject so that man becomes comes the highest being for man freedom for marx is not only freedom from political oppressors but the freedom from the domination of man by things and circumstances the free man is the rich man but not the man but not the man rich in an economic sense but rich in the human sense the wealthy man for marx is the man who is much and not the one who has much the analysis of society and of the historical process must begin with man not with an abstraction but with a real concrete man in his physiological and psychological qualities it must begin with a concept of the essence of man and the study of economics and of society serves only the purpose of understanding how circumstances have crippled man how he has become alienated from himself and his powers the nature of man cannot be deduced from the specific manifestation of human nature as it is engendered by the capitalist system our aim must be to know what is good for man but says marx to know what is useful for a dog one must study dog nature this nature itself is not to be deduced from the principle of utility applying this to man he that would criticize all human acts movements relations etc by the principle of utility must first deal with human nature in general and then with human nature as modified in each historical epoch bentham makes short work of it with the with the diarist naivete he takes the modern shopkeeper especially the english shopkeeper as the normal man the aim of the development of man for marx is a new harmony between man and man and between man and nature a development in which man's relatedness to his fellow man will correspond to his most important human need socialism for him is an association in which the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all a society in which the full and free development of each individual becomes the ruling principle this aim he calls the realization of naturalism and of humanism and states that it is different from idealism as well as from materialism and yet combines the truth in both of them how does marx think this emancipation of man can be attained his solution is based on the idea that in the capitalistic mode of production the process of self self-alienation has reached its peak because man's physical energy has become a commodity hence man has become a thing the working class he says is the most alienated class of the population and for this very reason the one which will lead the fight for human emancipation in the socialization of the means of production he sees the condition for the transformation of man into an active and responsible participant in the social and economic process and for the overcoming of the split between the individual and the social nature of man only when man has recognized and organized his forces force proper as social forces it is therefore not necessary as rousseau thinks to change man's nature to deprive him of his force force proper and give him new ones of social character and consequently no longer cuts off his social power from himself in the form of political power i.e no longer establishes the state as the sphere of organized rule only then will the emancipation of mankind be achieved marx assumes that if the worker is not employed anymore the nature and character of his work process will change work will become a meaningful expression of human powers rather than meaningless drudgery how important this new concept of work was for marx becomes clear when he when we consider that he went so far as to criticize the proposal for complete abolishment of child labour in the gother program of the german socialist party while he was of course against the exploitation of children he opposed the principle that children should not work at all but demanded that education should be combined with manual labor from the factory system budded he writes as robert owen has shown us in detail the germ of the education of the future an education that will in the education of every child over a given age combine productive labor with instruction and humanistics not only as one of the methods of adding to the efficiency of production but as the only method of producing fully developed human beings to marx as to fourier work must become attractive and correspond to the needs and desires of man for this reason he suggests as fourier and others did then nobody should become specialized in one particular kind of work but should work in different occupations corresponding to his different interests and potentialities marx saw in the economic transformation of society from capitalism to socialism the decisive means for the liberation and emancipation of men for a true democracy while in his later writings the discussion of economics plays a greater role than that of man and his human needs the economic sphere became at no point an end in itself it never ceased to be a means for satisfying human needs this becomes particularly clear in his discussion of what he calls vulgar communism by which he means a communism in which the exclusive emphasis is on the abolition of private property in the means of production physical immediate property remains for it vulgar communism the only purpose of life and existence the quality of the work is not changed but only extended to all human beings this communism by negating the personality of man throughout is only the consequent expression of private property which is exactly the negation of man the vulgar communist is only the perfection of envy and of the leveling process on the basis of an imagined minimum how little this abolition of private property is a real appropriation of human powers is proven by the abstract negation of the whole world of education and civilization the return to the unnatural simplicity of the poor man is not a step beyond private property but a stage which has not even arrived at private property much more complex and in many ways contradictory are the views of marks and angles in the question of the state there is no doubt that marx and engels were of the opinion that the aim of socialism was not only a classless society but a stateless society stateless at least in the sense as engels put it that the state would have the function of the administration of things and not that of the government of people angles said in 1874 quite in line with the formulation marx gave in the report of the commission to examine the activities of the backiness in 1872 that all socialists were agreed that the state would wither away as a result of victorious socialism these anti-state views of marx and angles in their opposition to a centralized form of political authority found a particularly clear expression in marx's statements on the paris commune in his address to the general counsel of the international on the civil war in france marx stressed the necessity of decentralization in place of a centralized state power the origins of which lie in the principle of the absolute monarchy there would be a largely decentralized community the few but important functions still left over for a central government were to be transferred to communal i.e strictly answerable officials the communal constitution would have rendered up to the body social all the powers which have a hitherto been devoured by the parasitic excretions of the state which fattens on society and inhibits its free movement he sees in the commune the finally discovered political form in whose sign the economic liberation of labor can march forward the commune wanted to make individual property a truth by converting the means of production land and capital into the mere tools of free and associated labor and labor amalgamated in producer cooperatives at that edward bernstein pointed out the similarity between these concepts of ma of marx with the anti-statist and anti-centralistic views of prodom which lenin claimed that marx's comments in no way indicate his favoring of decentralization it seems that both bernstein and lenin were right in their interpretation of the marx engel's position and that the solution of the contradiction lies in the fact that marx was for centralization and the withering of the state as the aim for which socialism should strive and at which it would eventually arrive but he thought that this would happen only after and not before the working class had seized political power and transformed the state the seizure of the state was for marx the means which was necessary to arrive at the end is abolition nevertheless if one considers marx's activities in the first international his dogmatic and intolerant attitude to everybody who disagreed with him in the slightest there can be little doubt that lenin's centralist interpretation of marx did not just did no injustice to marx even though marx's decentralist agreement with prudent was also a genuine part of his views and doctrines in this very centralism of marx lies the basis for the tragic development of the socialist idea in russia while lenin may have at least hoped for the for the eventual achievement of decentralization an idea which in fact was manifest in the concept of the soviets where the decision-making was rooted in the smallest and most concrete level of decentralized groups stalinism developed one side of the contradiction the principle of centralization into the practice of the most ruthless state organization the modern world has known surpassing even the centralization principle which fascism and nazism followed the contradiction in marx goes deeper than is apparent in the contradiction between the principles of centralization and decentralization on the one hand marx like all other socialists was convinced that the emancipation of man was not primarily a political but an economic and social question that the answer to freedom was not to be found in the change of the political form of the state but in the economic and social transformation of society on the other hand and in spite of their own theories marks and angles were in many ways caught in the traditional concept of the dominance of the political over the socioeconomic spheres they could not free themselves from the traditional view of the importance of the state and political power from the idea of the primary significance of mere political change an idea which had been the guiding principle of the great middle class revolutions of the 17th and 18th centuries in this respect marx and engels were much more bourgeois thinkers than were men like prudent bakken in kapotkin and landauer paradoxical as it sounds the leninist development of socialism represents a regression to the bourgeois concepts of the state and of political power rather than the new socialist concept as it was expressed so much more clearly by owen prudent and others this paradox and marx's thinking has been clearly expressed by buber marx he writes accepted these essential components of the commune idea but without weighing them up against his own centralism and deciding between them that he apparently did not see the profound problem that this opens up is due to the hegemony of the political point of view a huge money which persisted everywhere for him as far as as far as it concerns the revolution is preparation and its effects of the three modes of thinking in public matters the economic the social and the political marx exercised the first with methodical mastery devoted himself with passion to the third but absurd as it may sound in the ears of the unqualified marxist only very seldom did he come into more intimate contact with the second and it never became a deciding factor for him i don't know if i agree with that closely related to marx's centralism is his attitude toward revolutionary action while it is true that marx and engels admitted that socialist controls of the state must not be necessarily acquired by force and revolution as for instance in england and the united states it is equally true that on the whole they believed that the working class in order to obtain their aims had to seize power by revolution in fact they were in favor of universal military service and sometimes of international wars as means which would facilitate the revolutionary seizure of power our generation has witnessed the tragic results of force and dictatorship in russia we have seen that the application of force within society is as destructive of human welfare as its application in international relations in the form of war but when today marx is accused primarily for his advocation of force and revolution this is a twisting of facts the idea of political revolution is not a specifically marxist or socialist idea but it is the traditional idea of the middle class bourgeois society in the last 300 years because of the fact that the middle class believed that abolition of the political power vested in the monarchy and the seizure of political power by the people was the solution of the social problem political revolution was seen as a means to the achievement of freedom our modern democracy is a result of force and revolution the karensky revolution of 1917 and the german revolution of 1918 were warmly greeted in the western democratic countries it is the tragic mistake of marx a mistake which contributed to the development of stalinism that he had not freed himself from the traditional over evaluation of political power and force but these ideas were part of the previous heritage and not of the new socialist concept even a brief discussion of marx would be incomplete without a reference to the to his theory of historical materialism in the history of thought this theory is probably the most lasting and important contribution of marx to the understanding of the laws governing society his premise is that before man can engage in any kind of cultural activity he must produce the means for his physical subsistence the ways in which he produces and consumes are determined by a number of objective conditions his own physiological constitution the productive powers which he has at his disposal and which in turn are conditioned by the fertility of the soil natural resources communications and the techniques which he develops marx postulated that the material conditions of man determine his mode of production and consumption and that these in turn determine his socio-political organization his practice of life and eventually his mode of thought and feeling the widespread misunderstanding of this theory was to interpret it as if marx had meant that striving for gain was the main motive in man actually this is the dominant view expressed in capitalistic thinking a view which has stressed again and again that the main incentive for man's work is his interest in monetary rewards marx's concept of the significance of the economic factor was not a was not a psychological one namely an economic motivation in a subjective sense it was a sociological one in which the economic development was the objective condition for the cultural development his main criticism of capitalism was exactly that it crippled man by the preponderance of economic interests and socialism for him was a society in which man would be freed from this domination by a more rational and hence productive form of economic organization marxist materialism was essentially different from the materialism which was prevalent in the 19th century in the latter type of materialism one understood spiritual phenomena as being caused by material phenomena thus for instance the extreme representatives of this kind of materialism believed that thought was a product of brain activity just as urine is a product of kidney activity marx's marx's view on the other hand was that the mental and spiritual phenomena must be understood as an outcome of the whole practice of life as the result of the kind of relatedness of the individual to his fellow men and to nature marx in his dialectic method overcame the materialism of the 19th century and developed a truly dynamic and holistic theory based on man's activity rather than on his physio physiology the theory of historical materialism offers important scientific concepts for the understand understanding of the laws of history it would have become more fruitful how the followers of marx developed it further rather than permitting it to become bogged down in a sterile dogmatism the point of development would have been to recognize that marx and engels had only made a first step that of seeing the correlation between the development of economy and culture marx had underestimated the complexity of human passions he had not sufficiently recognized that human nature has itself needs and laws which are in constant interaction with the economic conditions which shape historical development lacking in satisfactory psychological insights he did not have a sufficient concept of human character and was not aware of the fact that while man was shaped by the form of social and economic organization he in turn also molded it he did not sufficiently see the passions and strivings which are rooted in man's nature and in the conditions of his exis his existence and which are in themselves the most powerful driving force for human development but these deficiencies are limitations of one-sidedness as we find them in every productive scientific concept and marx and engels themselves were aware of these limitations engels expressed this awareness in a well-known letter in which he said that because of the newness of their discovery marx and he had not paid sufficient attention to the fact that history was not only determined by economic conditions but that cultural factors in turn also influenced the economic basis of society marx's own preoccupation became more and more that with the purely economic analysis of capitalism the significance of his economic theory is not altered by the fact that his basic assumptions and predictions were only partly right and to a considerable extent mistaken the latter especially as far as his assumption of the necessity of the relative deterioration of the working class is concerned he was also wrong in his romantic idealization of the working class which was a result of a purely theoretical scheme rather than of an observation of the human reality of the working class but whatever its defects his economic theory and penetrating analysis of the economic structure of capitalism constitutes a definite progress over all other socialist theories from a scientific viewpoint however this strength was at the same time its weakness while marx started his economic analysis with the intention of discovering the conditions for the alienation of man and while he believed that this would require only a relatively short study he spent the greater part of his scientific work almost exclusively with economic analysis and while he never lost sight of the aim the emancipation of man both criticism of capitalism and the socialist aim in human terms became more and more overgrown by economic considerations he did not recognize the irrational forces in man which make him afraid of freedom and which produces lust for power and his destructiveness on the contrary underlying his concept of man was the implicit assumption of man's natural goodness which would assert itself as soon as the crippling economic shackles were released the famous statement at the end of the communist manifesto that the workers have nothing to lose but their chains contains a profound psychological error with their chains they have also to lose all those irrational needs and satisfactions which were originated while they were wearing the chains in this respect marx and engels never transcended the naive optimism of the 18th century this underestimation of the complexity of human passions led to the three most dangerous errors in marx's thinking first of all um i lost my spot oh first of all two is neglect of the moral factor in man just because he assumed that the goodness of man would assert itself automatically when the economic changes had been achieved he did not see that a better society could not be brought into life by people who had not undergone a moral change within themselves he paid no attention at least not explicitly to the necessity of a new moral orientation without which all political and economic changes are futile the second error stemming from the same source was marx's grotesque misjudgment of the chances for the realization of socialism in contrast to men like prudent and backing in and later on jack london in his iron heel who foresaw the darkness which would un which would envelope envelop envelope the western world before new light would shine marx and angles believed in the immediate advent of the good society and were only dimly aware of the possibility of a new barbarism in the form of communist and fascist authoritarianism and wars of unheard of destructiveness this unrealistic misapprehension was responsible for many of the theoretical and political errors in marxist and angles thinking and it was the basis for the destruction of socialism which began with lenin with lenin the third error was marx's concept that the socialization of the means of production was not only the necessary but also the sufficient condition for the transformation of the capitalist into a socialist cooperative society at the bottom of this error is again his oversimplified over-optimistic rationalistic picture of man justice freud believed that freeing man from unnatural and over-strict sexual taboos would lead to mental health marx believed that the emancipation from exploitation would automatically produce free and cooperative beings he was as optimistic about the immediate effect of changes in environmental factors as the encyclopedists of the 18th century had been and had had little appreciation for the power of irrational and destructive passions which were not transformed from one day to another by economic changes freud after the experience of the first world war came to see this strength of destructiveness and changed his whole system drastically by accepting the drive for destruction as being equally strong and as in erratical as eros marx never came to such an awareness and never changed his simple formula of socialization of the means of production as a straight way to the socialist ma to the socialist aim the other source for this error was his over evaluation of of political and economic rain arrangements to which i have pointed above he was curiously unrealistic in ignoring the fact that it makes very little difference to the personality of the worker whether the enterprise is owned by the people the state a government bureaucracy or by the private bureaucracy hired by the stockholders he did not see quite in contrast to his own theoretical thought that the only things that matter are the actual and realistic conditions of work the relation of the worker to his work to his fellow workers and to those directing the enterprise in the later years of his life mark seems to have been ready to make certain changes in his theory the most important one probably under the influence of baca finns and morgan's work led him to believe that the primitive agrarian community based on cooperation and common property in the land was a potent form of social organization which could lead directly into higher forms of socialization without having to go through the phase of capitalistic production he expressed this belief in his answer to vera zasalich who asked him about his attitude toward the myrrh the old forms of agricultural community in russia g fox has pointed out i'm sure that's not how you pronounce it it can't be but i'm going to say it i need to say it that way anyway g fox has pointed out the great significance of this change in marx's theory and also the fact that marx in the last eight years of his life was disappointed and discouraged sensing the failure of his revolutionary hopes angles recognized as i have mentioned above the failure to pay enough attention to the power of ideas in their theory of historical materialism but it was not given to marx or to angles to make the necessary drastic revisions in their for us in the middle of the 20th century it is very easy to recognize marxist fallacy we have seen the tragic illustration of this fallacy occurring in russia while stalin has improved that a socialist economy can operate successfully from an economic viewpoint it also proved that it is in itself by no means bound to create a spirit of equality and cooperation it showed that the ownership of the means of production by the people can become the ideological cloak from the exploitation of people by an industrial military and political bureaucracy the socialization of certain industries in england undertaken by the labor government tends to show that to the british miner or worker in the steel or chemical industries it makes very little difference who appoints the managers of his enterprise since the actual and realistic conditions of his work remain the same summing up it can be said that the ultimate aims of marxist socialism were essentially the same as those of the other socialist schools emancipating man from domination and exploitation by man frank freeing him from the preponderance of the economic realm restoring him as the supreme aim of social life creating a new unity between man and man and man in nature the errors of marx and angles their overestimation of political and legal factors their naive optimism their centralistic orientation were due to the fact that they were much more rooted in the middle class tradition of the 18th and 19th centuries both psychologically and intellectually than men like freyja owen prudhomme and kupopkin marx's errors were to become important historically because of because the marxist concept of socialism became victorious in the european continental labor movement the successors of mark the successors of marx and angles in the european labor movement were so much under the influence of marx's authority that they did not develop the theory further but largely repeated the old form alive with an ever increasing sterility after the first world war the marxist labor movement became strictly divided into hostile camps its social democratic wing after the moral collapse during the first world war became more and more a party representing the purely economic interests of the working class together with the trade unions from whom it in turn depended it carried on the marxist formula of the socialization of the means of production like a ritual to be pronounced by the party priests on the proper occasions the communist wing took a jump of despair trying to build a socialist society on nothing except seizure of power and socialization of the means of production the results of this jump led to more frightful results than did the loss of faith in the social democratic parties contradictory as the development of these two wings of marxist socialism is they have certain elements in common first the deep disillusionment and despondency with regard to the over-optimistic hopes which were inherent in the earlier phase of marxism in the right wing this disillusionment often led to the acceptance of nationalism to the abandonment of a genuine socialist vision and of any radical criticism of capitalistic society the same disillusionment led the communist wing under lenin to an act of despair to concentration of all efforts into political and purely economic realms an emphasis which by its neglect of the social sphere was the complete contradiction of the very essence of socialist theory the other point which both wings of the marxist movement have in common is there in the case of russia complete neglect of man the criticism of capitalism became entirely a criticism from an economic standpoint in the 19th century when the working class suffered from ruthless exploitation and lived below the standard of dignified existence this criticism was justified with the development of capitalism in the 20th century it became more and more obsolete yet it is only a logical consequence of this attitude that the stalinist bureaucracy in russia is still feeding the population but the nonsense that workers in capitalistic countries are terribly impoverished and lacking any decent basis for subsistence the concept of socialism deteriorated more and more in russia into the formula that socialism meant state ownership of the means of production the western country or in the western countries socialism tended more and more to mean higher wages for the workers and to lose its messianic pathos its appeal to the deepest longings and needs of man i see intentionally that it tended to become a socialism has been that it tended to to so what the i say intentionally that it tended to because socialism has by no means completely lost its humanistic and religious pathos it has even after 1914 been the rallying moral idea for millions of european workers and intellectuals an expression of their hope for the liberation of man for the establishment of new moral values for the realization of human solidarity the sharp criticism voiced in the foregoing pages was meant primarily to accentuate the necessity that democratic socialism must return to and concentrate on the human aspects of the social problem must criticize capitalism from the standpoint of what it does to the human qualities of man to a soul and his spirit i must consider any vision of socialism in human terms asking in what way a socialist society will contribute toward ending the alienation of man the idolatry of economy and of the state | Adrestia's Revolt | UC3ClSqbN5tlXOuFj3eqyAoA | 2022-01-08 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 11,281 | 66,326 |
AuerLtXPj9M | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AuerLtXPj9M | How to Avert a Food Crisis: Hans Herren Presentation | and now it is my great pleasure to introduce Hans Haren who has spoken up a couple times in the questions but deserves a more formal presentation here partly because he won the World Food Prize in 1995 for averting the mealy bug crisis in Africa's cassava plant and he is of course the president of the Millennium Institute down the street here but most important and I want to emphasize this because it's not sufficiently recognized in this country and especially in this city he was part of probably the single most important report we have seen in the field of Agriculture in recent years it's gotten very little attention in the United States unfortunately it does have a bit of a mouthful for the name it is the international assessment of agricultural knowledge science and technology the that's the formal title and i think that the title and on the cover of the book is agriculture at a crossroads came out a couple years ago it was really a revolutionary document and it is a true shame that it has not gotten the attention here in the united states that it deserves as a shorthand you might think of it as the equivalent to the IPCC reports that are done on climate science it's that kind of document in agriculture Hans Heron was one of the co-chairs of that procedure and he is going to be sharing with us now some of the results there on the general topic of how to avert a food crisis hans heron thank you Mark for the introduction I also want to express my thanks for having been invited here today to talk about the ice that but also as we call it the ice that okay because it's such a complicated name also stomachs some ways forward because we actually know what to do the question is why when you're doing it how does this can go forward there are gadgets oh yeah assume is this one no maybe I pushing the wrong okay oh well I'm sorry so first I was asked by Mark to just a few words about the process itself I mean we call out sort of the IPCC for agriculture yes what was different it was it was a fully multi-stakeholder process we had governments involve civil society and among the civil society where the private sector so we had actually big AG was there to at least in the beginning until they had enough of it we had many group farmers groups from around the world and so it 400 people actually wrote that report two thousand pages 800 people actually helped prepare the questions which we were asked in the report so so is a huge process which altogether took almost eight years to be done and it was commissioned by the UN organizations at the joburg submit in 2002 so that's also important to know so that it was has a broad support from six UN agencies and also from the World Bank so what what came out after all these years and his hard work well a number of issues which we actually rediscovered because a lot of these things actually not new but I think they were put down on paper in this multi-stakeholder process which is again we said totally unique so since we publish the book agriculture cross road so it is one global report in five sub grab all reports two thousand pages with summary for decision makers which of each the global sub global has a summary for decision maker and also the Dober one of something less than 20 pages because we know that these people actually don't know how to read or don't like to read so we made it very very short actually the essence of the recommendations are babies out four pages or in one single table so but that didn't really help much also on to mention about what's going on here in the US Canada and Australia who did not sign along with 59 other countries actually who signed on that but here when these people have decided although they participated I think about some something like 20 members of USDA where authors on the port that didn't mean that you has signed on in it because they didn't like our biotech findings nor the trade issues we put forward in this report all right so what's the reality so again we we have a lot of hungry people in this world probably the numbers with overblown actually there's been report late lee saying that you know we're repeating all numbers is it really a billion i mean not that it matters too much if it's 800 million or billion way too many we should not have anyone hungry actually in this world if we want to do the right thing never mind your p's we heard about this and diabetes issues which is growing exponentially which will probably kill many of the economies around the world energy system we had a bed so we have a sort of a social issue we have energy problems we have the climate change issue also which we are already way back 2008 mentioned that we need to change the system we cannot continue on like this that the natural resources are being overused the souls are getting lost the water has been overused and basically we are losing a lot of jobs replacing people with machine in oil with and just adds to the cost so basically we heard this this morning most of it and what we came down with in the end is businesses usual is not an option we need a change in paradigm in agriculture in order to move forward and and although we know this although even know the solutions what's coming up we heard it this morning by a dinner fedorov it has been one of them going out there saying oh we need biotechnology so the narrow move forward rather than at the broad way forward as we all know is the one which going to work so the right the move forward is a fundamental shift in agricultural knowledge has a technology that's the important and also the policies will go with it to again be herded you know if we don't change policy we're not gonna go change anything so we have to do Li Shu about subsidies for example which amount to more than 1 billion a day so we said well we need some money to do things but just take it from there more than 380 billion every day or spend on subsidies to actually do the wrong thing if anything we need more capacity development we had to do two things differently is it takes a lot of knowledge it's easy to throw a bag of fertilizer out there and a few seats on it and then we just wait till it rains to do things in a very ecological way in a sustainable way will take more education so we need this transition so we need to transition agriculture to sustainable ecological organic amid as a number of choices out there we can we can choose from that it has to be in tune in harmony with the system it has to be ecologically based so what we not be pursuing its sustainable intensification I think what we need an ecological intensification anything we need an agriculture is multifunctional because I we got sure doesn't only grow food where the door so this morning I think we do more than just grow food on farms we make sure the water is there the clean water for the cities we actually this also air for people to breathe for example we maintained by diversity we provide jobs and we could progress a lot more jobs if you do things right so again I think we need to to to move forward and the other one the last point again this systemic and the holistic approach things are connected in the system and we cannot continue to ignore all the connections in the system and I don't want you to read the details but but what we do were basically also de minimis it would we try to get people to think in system so what you do something today here it may have an impact 20 years somewhere else we see now at I might change but still people cannot be imagined so actually science has given us tool for that too so system thinking is possible using modeling tools which again should be applied at government level at research level but they are not really done so Terry done so so that's one thing which is needed and agriculture is especially is very complex it touches on so many different points way beyond actually the what's even on this graph here so I think thinking system I think is important if we want to resilience because resilience is the long-term result of actually having a system or systemic thinking so did we do this transition so we have to go from the high productivity or minuses of il at least here over when and low sustainability to to sustainable and again productive system multi functional systems now we heard is there a depression when you go across or not well it depends where you start in most places you go straight up in some places where we have overdone it with fertilizers everything else it may take a year or two to actually move across and that would be a good use for subsidies for example to be reallocated to the transition and again everything we have to do here more pre harvest losses for example a better agora me all this is knowledge intensive and has to be put into the system to move it up and we'll show you a few examples now the discussion always goes well organic cannot feed the world actually the nautical in the Swiss newspaper a few months ago where a professor off says that it is dangerous to go organic apricot to do organic agriculture because people will go hungry the problem is we have a billion hungry people today with what systems so they be that's the question we should ask and so what do we need to change so we need to change the present industrial system as well as also the traditional system we have to work on both ends because both are actually not sustainable and we know what to do to transform both into the new path or sustainability we need to go to so I think again I think we have to be very careful here to come forward with more facts now the question is how many more do we need to actually convince the policymakers that Monsanto is wrong and that maybe rodel is right now example so the castle mealybugs of getting bitten old example but it shows what you can do if you do things right and why if this problem would be there today let arm to push this down it this is the castle Viet in Africa cassava is tapioca as you know it here comes action originally from Latin America so some time ago some people scientists actually I found out who it was even took cassava cuttings the planting material cassava across into Africa directly and they started the biggest disaster we could think of because all those cuttings there were bugs mealy bugs which people did not see and actually the SEC spread across this area which is one and a half times the United States other than half the whole place and busy cassava the staple of turn amino people was about to disappear so yeah yeahs was to go back and find out why is our growing well enough in America they no longer here there must be something on this Millie bug which eats them and gets rid of the problem so we went looked around found beneficial insects release them across hope so we released them across the continent after mass production eventually solving the problem how do we get rid of this thing oh ok so producing several millions beneficials mostly wasps a few ladybugs they were basically spread out across the continent and eventually also from the ground sometimes with local people we trained more than 12 we trained more than 1,200 people across the continent in biological control technologies something like what 40 PhDs in under 20 masters so we actually do by solving a problem we also train a lot of people at the time leases were made from the ground from the air we develop new technologies in Africa to shoot bugs out of good bugs out of airplanes for example because we didn't have time casabas his appearing don't million people were eating that three times a day and here this is the suspect the wasp which we found in Paraguay brazil and bolivia which was released across the continent and as he solved the problem on its own the other two ladybugs eventually didn't make it so obviously we followed up and we saw that before release his high eggs after the release down basically the problem got solved almost overnight we could hardly ourselves a scientist believe our eyes how fast is actually had worked and because of that was this is a normal cassava plant these are the roots which people eat and this is one which had a mealy bug attack so you can see the difference is enormous and when you look at the impact okay cost-benefit for every dollar invested or did this project on the 43 came out this is unseen in the annals of international development and actually that project alone is responsible for eighty-five percent of the return on investment in agricultural research in Africa one but you can see we didn't go with fertilizer seeds I don't know what we actually use nature to help us solve a problem and we could do a whole lot more of this type of things in the future so we tried another problem is step orders in maize strike a weed and also in maize corn and again big losses which can be solved in a natural way the Gates Foundation is supporting a project in Africa to actually provide hybrid maize and herbicide tolerant maze when it could be done different way these are local varieties of maize they have the correct characteristic of being able to respond to insect attacks by by signaling the beneficials to come to their help anata Bennett that these traits have been lost in the new varieties and so what this lens does so we have this module me this as a legume feeds the soul with nitrogen removes the weeds attracts the beneficial insects and repels the bad guys too so by knowing what those plants actually do or can do and rearranging the system you can solve a problem where we call it push poor lot of information internet on push pull and that's the field which no fertilizers are not even a cover crop which poison hydrogen versus the normal control as i said the greener forward is knowledge intensive so we need to find ways of better spreading knowledge so can it be done so we actually use models system models which i presented earlier sort of connecting everything routing numbers there so according to what Nick Stern requested to put one or two percent in the green economy we shall write one tenth goes into agriculture then we put it into pre-arrest losses AG management more research food processing all in the sense of a green agriculture green by design not by greenwash lot of any and so what happens you can see that the production is up this is business as usual spending the same amount of new money into a brown agriculture crop the billion-year again is up employment is significantly up soil quality again is up the water use is down the different station again is down and the last one the calories are app that a half thousand per person so you can see it can be done the question is when are we going to do it so Rio that's not ten years after the the original order or commissioning of the AG assessment yes that report so we need to bring it back and ask for accountability we spent 12 million dollar the time the time of almost what 1,200 people and are we going to ask a question officially what is happening to this report why are the findings not implemented which are in there which actually you play a doubting us in a with the simulation model can be done and gives the result there's the results you need to thank you | New America | UCvQQMY6TyUdt5VeHpuHv_Dg | 2012-04-23 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 2,853 | 15,247 |
brHr1KNH7e4 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=brHr1KNH7e4 | US Presidents - Ep. #8 - Presidents 29-32 | let's start with the pledge of allegiance i pledge allegiance to the flag of the united states of america and to the republic for which it stands one nation under god indivisible with liberty and justice for all welcome today i'll talk about four u.s presidents warren g harding calvin coolidge herbert hoover and franklin d roosevelt warren g harding was the 29th u.s president he served from 1921 to 1923. born near marion ohio in 1865 he became the publisher of a newspaper he married divorcee mrs florence king the wolf he was a trustee of the trinity baptist church a director of almost every important business and a leader in fraternal organizations and charitable enterprises harding's undeviating republicanism and a vibrant speaking voice plus his willingness to let the machine bosses set policies leading far in ohio politics he served in the state senate and as a lieutenant governor and accessible and unsuccessfully ran for governor he delivered a nominating address for president taft at the 1912 republican convention in 1914 he was elected to the senate which he found a very pleasant place republicans in congress easily got the president's signature on their bills they eliminated wartime controls and slashed taxes established the federal budget system restored the high protective tariff and imposed tight limitations upon immigration by 1923 the post for depression seemed to be giving way to a new surge of prosperity and newspapers held harding as a wise statement carrying out his campaign promise less government business and more business in government he said he did not live to find out how the public would react to the scandals of his administration in august of 1923 he died in san francisco of a heart attack calling coolidge was the 38th u.s president he served from 1923 to 1929. born in plymouth vermont on july 4 1872 coolidge was the son of a village storekeeper he was graduated from amherst college with honors and entered law in politics in northampton massachusetts slowly methodically he went up to the political ladder from councilman in northampton to governor of massachusetts as a republican in route he became thoroughly conservative at 2 30 in the morning of august 3rd 1923 while listening to vermont calling college received word that he was president by the light of kerosene lamp his father who was another republic administered the oath of office as a schoolis place his hand on the family bible as president coolish demonstrated his determination to preserve the old moral and economic precepts amid the material prosperity which many americans were enjoying he refused to use federal economic power to check the growing boom or to ameliorate the depressed condition of agriculture certain industries his first message to congress in december 1923 called for isolation foreign policy for tax cuts economy and limited aid to farmers coolidge was both the most negative and remote of presidents and the most accessible he once explained to bernard burke why he often stayed silently through interviews well barrick many times i say only yes or no to people even that is too much it winds them up for 20 minutes more both his dry and key with and his frugality with words became legendary his wife grace goodhue coolidge recounted that a young woman sitting next to college at a dinner party confided him that she had bet she could get at least three words of conversation from him without looking at her he quietly retorted you lose and in 1928 while vacationing black hills of south dakota issued the most famous of his laconic statements i do not choose to run for president in 1928. by the time the disaster of the great depression hit the country coolidge was in retirement but before is that in january 1933 he confided to an old friend i feel i no longer fit in with these times herbert hoover was the 31st u.s president he served from 1929 to 1933 born in an iowa village in 1874 he grew up in oregon enrolled at stanford university when it opened in 1891 graduating as a mining engineer one week before hoover celebrated his 40th birthday in london germany declared war in france and the american council general asked his help in getting stranded tourists home six weeks his committee helped 120 000 americans return to the united states next hoover turned to a far more difficult task to feed belgium which had been overrun by the german army after capably serving as the secretary of commerce under presidents harding and college hoover became the republican presidential nominee in 1928. he said that we in america today are nearer to the final triumph of power over poverty than ever before in the history of any land his election seemed to ensure prosperity yet within months the stock market crashed and the nations parlor down downward into depression after the crash hoover announced that while he would keep the federal budget balanced he will cut taxes and expand public work spending in 1947 president truman appointed hoover to a commission which elected him chairman to reorganize the executive departments he was appointed chairman of a similar commission by president eisenhower in 1953. many economies resulted from both commission's recommendations over the years hoover wrote many articles and books one of which was working on when he died at 90 in new york city in october 20 1964. he was married to lou henry hoover franklin d roosevelt was the 32nd u.s president he served from 1933 to 1945 born in 1882 at hyde park new york now a national historic site he attended harvard university in columbia law school saint patrick's day 1905 he married eleanor roosevelt assuming the presidency the death of the great oppression franklin deires will help the american people regain faith in themselves he brought hope as he promised prompt vigorous action and asserted in his anarcho address the only thing we have to fear is fear itself following the example of his fifth cousin president theodore roosevelt whom he greatly admired franklin d roosevelt and her public service through politics but as a democrat he won election to the new york senate in 1910 president wilson appointed assistant secretary of the navy he was a democratic nominee for vice president 1920. in the summer of 1921 when he was 39 disaster hit he was stricken with polio demonstrating in indomitable courage he fought to regain the use of his legs particularly through swimming at the 1924 democratic convention they dramatically appeared on crutches to nominate alfred smith as the happy warrior in 1928 roosevelt became governor of new york he was elected president in november 1932 to the first of four terms by march there were 13 million unemployed and almost every bank was closed in his first 100 days he proposed and congress enacted a sweeping program to bring recovery to business and agriculture relief to the unemployed and to those in danger of losing farms and homes and reform especially through the establishment of the tennessee valley authority in 1936 he was re-elected by a top heavy margin feeling he was armed with a popular mandate he saw legislation to enlarge the supreme court which had been invalidating key new deal measures roosevelt lost the supreme court battle but a revolution in constitutional law took place thereafter the government could legally regulate the economy roosevelt had pledged the united states to the good neighbor policy transforming the monroe doctrine from a unilateral american manifesto into arrangements for mutual action against aggressors he also sought through neutrality legislation to keep the united states out of the war in europe he had at the same time to strengthen nations threatened and attacked when france fell in england came under stage in 1940 he began to send great britain all possible age short of actual military involvement when the japanese attacked pearl harbor on december 7th 1941 roosevelt directed organization the nation's manpower and resources for global war the only the future piece of the world would depend upon relations between the united states and russia he devoted much to off to the planning of the united nations in which he hoped international difficulties could be settled as the war drew to a close roosevelt's health deteriorated in april 12 1945 while at warm springs georgia he died of a cerebral hemorrhage thank you for watching see you in the next episode prezi signing out bye | EnzeeStudios | UCzn03RVspuFzCTRI1slLA7A | 2011-10-13 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,424 | 8,438 |
u3UfAUbqJe8 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u3UfAUbqJe8 | The Madagascar Journals, Episode 8 | I spent the first couple days back reading a biography of Abraham Lincoln not out of patriotism if anything being overseas made me more critical of my country not less it's more about luxury aiding and what was familiar I can't say enough how great it was going to the corner market again so much pointless stuff available when people ask how Africa was I tell them a couple things went to Lou sue to found a sailboat to Madagascar but usually stop after a minute when I noticed their eyes glazing over and then we spent half an hour discussing their recent adventures in Nevada some friends advised me that I should tell Amy nothing about what happened but I don't understand what would be the point of being with someone from whom you withheld your foundational experiences she said she wanted to be told everything and I couldn't tell if that was healthy or masochistic so I told her everything Amy said she was fine but thereafter I could never refer to anything British without the unspoken question hanging in the air did she introduce you to this and so I would preface my reference to something like Tesla the d'Urbervilles with some long origin story that did not include Amanda eventually it was just too difficult to touch on British subjects whatsoever so I left them out but just try avoiding reference to anything British and you'll quickly realize how much Western culture that entails and incidentally Amanda did recommend as to the d'Urbervilles so I ended up telling lies of omission to amy anyway and about the stupidest possible things [Music] the the see along the east coast of Madagascar is quite rough which is one reason there are so many shipwrecks to avoid to see the French built an inland waterway called the canal de Peng : I've been harboring a fantasy of plying the canal in a small boat imagining a 10 horsepower motor canopy like the Jungle Cruise at Disneyland comfortable seating a new coat of paint willing to compromise on any two points but I wonder where I'd buy an outboard motor I wonder if that's even possible I've been feeling that I'll end up throwing if you're gonna be near the coast there's gonna be fishing community some people with I'll and the nurse you're gonna doubt you think they have out for the motor is the tricky part and emblematic of the trip is a whole do I go prepared that is to say do I buy a motor here in Tallinn Yara yeah yeah anything for its upon I should buy now boardin or do I go unencumbered and hope I'll find one because there's not even a taxi Bruce up to the coast how am I gonna get there it's hard a car [Music] I play just put the boat more on the plane you know it's not cheap doors don't meet you somebody's gonna have an album yeah trying to figure how to proceed I read an intriguing sentence in the guidebook about the coastal road north I wish someone would do this and tell me about it which is something you don't read very often in a guidebook so doesn't make me eager to try it I had to do three bucks what I'm just totally nothing you have to build one cheezer's you have to peel the ferry I mean I told them the repairs that children is really ability I'm not capable of building a ferry most interesting part of all that is right here is that right yeah because it's yeah can the same travel okay but you've done it yeah because people have such a big heart but if you can't do it on your own you gotta yeah baby yeah yeah we're able to accept each other [Music] see you later it's a peculiar feeling watching your ride drive away after dropping you in the middle of nowhere I try to remind myself that nowhere is somewhere to the people who live there [Music] Cybil [Music] I arrived someplace called epic Iike um three czervik he could do off the wait for the ferry but the crossing with its dining options also seems like an ideal place to wait and see if a truck passes so I elected to stay the night [Music] [Applause] [Music] so I'm walking up the coast to look for a boat it occurs to me that I've spent a disproportionate amount of the trip looking for boats there must be something essentially appealing to me about looking for boats no when you rent a room in a village sometimes you aren't just renting any room you're renting someone's room someone who had to vacate but whom you can hear in the adjoining room a freaking day actually it's like bubblegum okay candy sweet [Music] [Applause] Valentina they're wrong Candida [Applause] [Music] okay sounds good this is the space you suggest for me at first I thought they were offering me a space in the back but obviously there was no room for me there [Music] we cross the five rivers between epic Kika and Manan Tanana fortunately I didn't have to build any fairies [Music] I've developed the crossing ranking system good is when the ferry is on your side of the river when you arrive mediocre is when you have to wait for the ferry to cross from the other side of the river that is when the ferry is on the other side and you don't see a ferryman anywhere and you don't have a clue when one will come if ever [Music] it's naive to think that there's ever not a profit motive when something like this is done right I mean they the paper right so babe yeah ask for money it's a project with this 43 million u.s. dollar I think I have to pay back and they want to have new maps in order to attract companies yeah for exploration and say that we've got we've got these resources if I realized he was working on a map that would attract more development like the kind I saw in Tallinn Yara and ask specifically about qmm Rio Tinto actually they have a very good presentation on their activity so if you would have time I have a friend who works at qmm and he's spent a lot of time explaining the very studies supporting qmm and Rio Tinto yeah and I felt that well this is the Rio Tinto side and now I hit the other impact on nature right well not according to him but yes but I mean human life is a big impact on nature of course right I mean everybody knows so yeah that's a general question do we need resources do we need all this all this stuff I mean if you helped us this camera you need it right that's it's that easy if you if you want to have a pen in these resources yes I mean that's it's so easy and if you were a t-shirt out of cotton you know that there are people suffering from from from cotton plantations right I mean that's that's how most humans live if there was a good or bad it's bad for some nature right yeah for some I don't have a special interest in boats I didn't even enjoy the last boat but maybe that I like looking for one so much that I've chosen to look someplace I'll never find one [Music] [Applause] [Music] I appear to have gotten off the main road sometime last night and no longer know where I am to make matters worse I'm out of water as a nozzle if my water bottle is squeezed for any reason all the water dribbles out that's unfortunate because squeezing is fundamental to how I've been traveling and I've disembarked on more than one occasion with no water and it's so packed now I recall how the afternoon before as I sat and contemplated man's search for boats in the universe I thought the ground seems moist no water yesterday and then today hopelessly lost I'm so glad I'm not packing an outboard motor right now he's trying to remember exactly how deadly it is to drink salt water when suddenly the path was filled with a bunch of dudes going to work and I was saved [Music] now lava in Korean Korean Korean motto is it ASSA at the store I met a man who is prospecting in the mountains and fell into the pit he dug crushing his knee he said it took six days to drag himself home do you have a MIDI single top that it's like it was much bigger that's not good periodically I see Westerners buying gemstones stones that Shaquille O'Neal buys for a pittance in Madagascar can be sold for a fortune in Asia 1993 the first sapphires were found here if you see the ground it just really looks like a Swiss cheese right and you spent yes a month o weeks however to find one one sapphire and what can I hope to do for the Sapphire nothing he can't get a decent price for it no no he can't get unless he can go to Bangkok shake himself and say look here's my sapphire yes give me the money for it yes that's impossible because this is a rat's ass how do you weigh because look Samia Samia wear shimmy shimmy Sasha on wheel so what does not come what is the outcome it's nothing from my perspective I mean who was was getting the big box who's that man I was so irate and concerned about the corium and swollen knee that I let him walk me to where I could rent us surrett for the next day [Applause] so thank me t can't can wait a second you want Bengt oh I'll pay bank to me no that's just arbitrary [Music] [Applause] [Music] strange [Music] while it's good to be back in a relatively large town where I can buy things like pizza and I mean like pizza because it isn't pizza as I know it and I'm doing the thing that I obviously love best looking for a boat I still feel as if I'm missing something as much as I prefer to think of myself is totally independent clearly the times I've been happiest during this trip I've been when I was with friends [Music] I'm saying goodbye to people [Music] as la will be gone in my bungalow I felt an itch on the bottom of my foot he was subtle not painful when I look closely I found a small bump that appeared to be a bite before realizing it was a tiny hole having misplaced my pocketknife several countries ago I had nothing to examine it with so I melted a bic razor to get the blade out and used it to peel back the skin revealing a sort of grub I'd heard he shouldn't walk barefoot in near water in Madagascar because of parasites that are the unavoidable consequence of having no plumbing and using the water as a sanitary system it's fairly impossible to travel rough and not spend some time in the water and so as soon as I remove the parasite and then removed a second parasite I located the patron of the bungalow and asked to use a cell phone hello it's Matt I'm in mana Cara can you please come here as soon as possible and load up the paralyzed with me did you find a boat no okay I'll be right there [Music] yeah except for like I say most of the rotors underwater so every time you went in and everybody had to get out in the public after leaving telling yarrow amanda had gone back to in das ebay over the course of seven trips to madagascar she'd grown close to a Malagasy family there with whom she always stayed an entrepreneurial matriarch and her children two of whom worked as guides at the National Park which was ideal for Amanda in as much as she's a lemur fanatic in fact I think I was the first non lemur primate in Madagascar she taken an interest in apparently the family was not happy that she'd left to meet me again particularly one of the sons Olivia Amanda said that during her long taxi Bruce ride she'd received a sequence of angry text messages from him all along the lines of [ __ ] your behavior make me sick and weak now an lost way of love very same ladies never spoken in these journals before city's never talked about love I asked if she'd given Olivia any cause to be jealous and she said no and you're saying that this is shocking good for business I heard him speaking these terms before she submitted started acting strangely after getting clubbed on the head by a mugger when you planed to do this well why did you when you clean this all out it occurred to me that it was so convenient to be a guest of the family in endorsee bay that it might behoove her to remain ignorant of the fact that Olivia was in love with her I remember how the girlfriend who's disappointing letter I collected from the Bucharest posters taunt had lost her housing once and then announced that her friend Tom had generously offered to let her stay with him he's only gonna charge me $35 a month isn't that generous of him she said I didn't know what to call it not an act of generosity exactly more like predation and willful ignorance see that just makes me want to write really nasty back but I resisted [Applause] but it makes me want to write none of your business [Music] patience patience they'll be here soon enough for us all [Music] milla me be humble for Pangolin is canal Tanana I continued my own successful search enough for the help Louis offered to translate [Music] no I can't say that I like Michael Jackson too much you like never do you like I like the thriller they get an album is a father by Dan Joyce I've thought that he began to become less musical during that you know it just seemed to be more about the rhythm the terror incarnate Ocasio motor kill Kelly poor sure do you wanna Coco [Music] good no it's flat yeah yeah yes you are 32 much it yes I am 32 as well you're 32 I understood because your English is good thank you you showed me in the Bible sure yeah that's its that's like eBay yeah don't wave it cheerful what's our hot spot yeah is that okay yeah my problem oh it doesn't have a propeller it's lovely big problem I think I can keep looking for a motorboat baby keep looking for one all the way up the canal dip angle on or I can accept the inevitable I asked Lewis where we could get a Perot and he said he knew where we could chop down a tree it could be carved into one and I said no that's too much I've seen them everywhere surely we can buy one he said yes there was a village nearby where purr Oaks could be had for money and he would take us there I quickly realized that I didn't exactly know how to shop for a frog I looked for something straight ish that didn't have too many holes in it I took a few out for a test and they seemed to perform well when they had a Malagasy in them Amanda and I agreed on a straight ish relatively hole-free one and I paid about $25 for it and when Amanda and Lewis and I boarded tried to paddle back to man and jar a something seemed wrong no matter what we did it only went right I have suspected that I'd been sold a lemon to even get out of the lagoon we had to paddle in a long series of loops while everyone along the bank laughed at us it was humiliating we'd made it out into the center of the estuary the Lewis did something he shouldn't have I remember him standing and thinking he shouldn't be standing I recall seeing his foot on the gunwale to catch his balance and then we were over [Music] there's no video from the village only photos because the video and the camera were destroyed [Music] for five months I've carried $40 in ones in my money belt for no reason it's wet but fine but my address list is ruined so from here on out no one gets a postcard I've been thinking a lot about tools consider the Western broom with its long handle for ease of use as opposed to the African broom where the operator also does the work of the handle similarly I'm accustomed to a Western canoe which balanced and symmetrical has been refined to the point that any idiot can use one the Parov by contrast is irregular and unstable the refinement is in the user [Music] [Applause] [Music] Western tools may be easier to use but one of the consequences of making the media proof is they allow the user to remain idiotic [Music] [Applause] [Music] I'm just gonna find the PAP bit of pattern I like best though can you find a smaller pair of scissors scissors for entertainment a frequently asked commander to tell me about our geography students and we've decided to christen the Perot after one of them yep [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] it's difficult to record much and row at the same time so I'll try to list what topics we covered in the Baroque today one saga of my girlfriend's Charlie - Amy - if there are any songs about people named Amanda three what each of us was thinking at different points in Tallinn Yaron for how I nervously important lessly explained the benefits of my mosquito huh when she entered my room and damaja Voki for the first time my British versus American everything six itineraries of her previous six trips to Madagascar seven lists of the other 42 countries she's visited eight whether I should be taller or if I'm adequate 9 sexual incompatibility of tall and small people is there 10 employment histories 11 tales at the British school system twelve Grand Mesa 13 whether Lewis is crazy or just eccentric and to what degree that's possible to determine without language fluency 14 have I seen any of these hundreds of classic British TV shows 15 as she read any of these hundreds of classic works of literature 16 why her pack is so huge and 17 why isn't there a tent in it now that we need one [Music] you wouldn't have yeah I'll have one now see if I wanted to get ten [Music] eighteen names we didn't choose for the probe 19 vegetarianism and how it can result from early exposure to the works of Beatrix Potter 20 the decline of Hernan 21 history of communism on her father's side 22 now I never knew my father and didn't care 23 did I really not care 24 would I even know if I didn't not care 25 plans for the house she will build an endorsee Bay 26 that's about moving to Madagascar after all 27 analysis of the failures of her previous relationships 28 Dave 29 Chris 30 Martin drainie dransfield 31 if she was truly oblivious to oliviers love were only conveniently 32 reiteration of the day's topics for the purposes of this list when I love it when bugs disguise themselves with fluff [Music] it depends on when you're going back to Britain it probably has the life expectancy of a day endemic [Music] he carries a little children's umbrella when it rains and he wears trousers that are a little bit too short so they come to like just above his ankle is about their busy do these things consciously I don't know yeah which I actively encourage because I do your taxes and what were the activities of the day sir quite well my favorite one involved him taking sand out of the school long jump it's putting it into a massive car for Fox that I'd given him and he made cardboard bones for dinosaurs and buried them in the sand and then all the people in his dinosaur kept their three younger kids managed to persuade to arrive had to dig them up as if they were archaeologists after the sand what was their reaction they enjoyed this well if I'm a hundred percent honest the sort of children who were persuaded to join dinosaur Club we're probably just there to avoid the playground bullies probably no great love of dinosaurs involve Percy dinosaur Club it's not well-regarded no it's seen as a joke by the other children and it's seen as a joke by eight members of staff no yeah and they all mock me for being involved with it that's not right I don't care the students are one thing that teachers or another that's unacceptable I creativity is interesting I encourage it my state of affairs everybody in the world was the same terminology Amanda uses that I don't use bloody flag dearie me crikey bollocks dog's bollocks get bum is posh common ming-ming er mum nan Q whilst Hospital no article which she saves for the football rubbish talk knackered not chemists Lou skip bin linen fab [ __ ] adjective site [ __ ] chaff aubergine wrong pants knickers crisps it was after dark when we arrived at mo hits our arrest he pulled the probe onto the beach amongst the other probes just as we always did and went ashore to rent a bungalow but when we returned in the morning we had a shock [Music] the probe is gone I was immediately suspicious of everything and everywhere [Music] maybe somebody thinks that we went to the Jean darm and reported the theft the mayor sent what I presume or his two best men in search of it one upriver and one down I've never heard of a pirogue being stolen what I thought the pirogue is safe on the plaza is we thought we'd employed a foolproof method of prevention the one everyone uses hiding the or but only now have I learned that this method can be foiled by bringing another or or by using a flip-flop simple gift of a queue of a tree so he says that he thinks that there's two possibilities mm-hmm one is that somebody has taken it and moved it somewhere else yeah or that somebody has taken it to use it and brings it back maybe is that the mentality of different people in Tana and that they might have just think it's okay to borrow it I don't believe it impossible it's been stolen I am going there you ask the people yes what no that's [Music] they don't tell me a lot it's not white video month they didn't appear to know what color it was or they were extremely clever but I continually insisting it was white good luck still unsatisfied I vowed to find the Perot of myself that was more cool than sliding in but I have no idea how far I would have to swim or if I would ever see my beloved Perot thank you it's back did he pick you up out of the river how happy are you to see that wait where they gonna take if there's a bungalow I always put your canoe in your bungalow remember everyone was pleased with the outcome and it was particularly satisfying that the discovery had been aided by the perfect likeness I'd drawn it nevertheless I wanted retribution but no one was sympathetic to my suggestion that we put the probe back where it had been found then lie in wait and spring upon the returning thief in fact they were obviously troubled by the suggestion this reminds me that I was a little worried about crocodiles today when you were swimming yeah Mamba is it yeah how dare you question me I just thought it began with the T for some reason it doesn't matter it's not really stealing it's from a bizarre huh yeah yeah but what's bothersome to me is that I mean they're reasons why people steal no one wants to grow up and be a thief you know they steal for because they're hungry or because they they have grown up envious of things I mean if I stole when I was a kid that was why was it envious of people with things that I wanted to have things too and then suddenly I have no compassion once my pure rogue is stolen I want to grab the guy by the collar and and beat his head with a coconut [Music] had clothing allowances every month [Music] it was standard ownership oh really [Music] well but you think that those people just end up becoming addicted to things they end up being the most materialistic words we both use but that she pronounces differently sedentary schedule controversy fonts weekend tomahto ferb toon abdomen evidently path cream bitumen and others I can't even figure out knowing only that they sound different when she says them I don't like the kind of person I am when I own a boat [Music] I think boat ownership brings out the worst in good people didn't I already determined that one of the charms protecting me is the fact that I don't appear as if I have anything to take so I've decided to get rid of it Amanda said the family she stays with in a dossier live near a lake so if we can transport it there somehow I'll give it to them [Music] also I'm tired of rolling [Music] so we're traveling with homers smells good yeah [Music] [Applause] [Music] Oh [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] after we'd worked so hard to transport the probe and I work so hard I mean paid a lot of money to other people to work hard transporting the Perot it was gratifying to see everyone's reactions [Music] everyone that is except the only people we actually cared about reaction disappointment everybody else in the village was excited but they weren't yeah my first imaging was of her gist he's kind of slumped on the porch okay sour look on her face yeah she's quite she often looks at deadpan yeah I don't know she's got a look to smile about in our life she's got a nice family she has got a prosperous well maybe when the kids come home they're be excited [Music] have a beautiful day and enjoy your little honeymoon with me yeah apparently tell him it was no honeymoon I rented a bungalow in the village and made myself scarce for a couple of days while Amanda tried to salvage the situation with the family but obviously our trip up the Pangolin and my appearance in the village confounded some long-held plan you'll nail the baguette dance it may look different things but now it seems very smart so smart be careful not to think too [Music] the less we farm on smarter Olivier was supposed to take us on a tour of the National Park than he refused and his brother took us instead I saw immediately why Amanda was attached to the family plays ability to look into the chaotic canopy and immediately spot the interesting elements was really extraordinary it made me wonder how many incredible things I've missed wandering unguided through southern Africa [Music] it was painful to recall how giddy Amanda was when we arrived how excited she was to present the family with the / oak over seven visits to Madagascar she built a relationship with them even planning to build a house here and it had only taken a couple of weeks with me for it to collapse thinking I could come here and compensate them with some combination of charm and bribery was incredibly foolish a Perot wasn't what they wanted it's what I wanted [Music] leaving was bittersweet because we guess neither of us would ever be back we left feeling disappointed frustrated like a couple of bloody chaps guilty about the controversy we caused there was a point when we stood on the beach in Tallin yarrow and Amanda wondered aloud if our experience would be worth the subsequent pain it's a fair question but admitting that experience isn't worth pain would mean rejecting my trip as a whole my entire credo of travel in fact which is rooted in forming substantive relationships however brief this wasn't really a trip to Madagascar by way of South Africa and Lesotho and Mozambique it was a trip to meet Amanda a way of them como and Farnaz and Jose Lucentio Duval and Henny Bernard and jaws and on an so much better I've always thought to go to a desert and make a friend to take a sterile tour for some near paradise you already put the Malagasy to American what else what else indeed where it becomes more complicated as when the suffering you accept is not your own this admittedly was a pan we wanted badly enough that we tolerated a certain amount of pain because it selfishly we appreciate but these are the moments will keep that will serve us when we need them Amanda had the right impulse about moving here unless you're willing to make that level of commitment I learned to speak the language fluently and make the refinement in yourself your connections however many can only go so deep they're the ones you put these ones that are section eight is it apparently they often depict figures engaged in sexual activities which they consider fatty to practice how would you do that turn-ons are based on things they're example why you'd want to put this on you great if I were to have a great that's what I would want somebody fornicating in a weight that to me would be taboo you have to really close that's right what's that but you don't like it can you well you haven't got any sisters but but you know not having a sister that that idea is really hot to me and ultimately to be happy we need to be with someone with whom they can communicate everything and who can appreciate the nuance of a dirty joke that makes not plays oral sex not the one who's gonna build a house here maybe not their patio I don't wish to respect I wrote at the beginning that I thought there was some correlation between my jawline and brain but I feel as if I've been wrong about so much on this trip that it must be possible to just lose a lot of weight in your neck as a parting gift Amanda had a local wood carver make me a replica of the Perot it isn't a perfect likeness but I think he did the best that he could with the information that he had and it's about as close to the truth as these journals [Music] dear Matt when you came back to Paris from Madagascar your weight was 60 kilograms including Footwear to be deducted from your original weight 73 kilograms with resulting weight loss of 16 kilograms or 28.6 six pounds yuk sack kept its weight 15 kilograms au revoir cordial ma as in Baroda you | Matt Kresling | UCWefgYQErO1qZI1c22EdI8w | 2018-04-24 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 5,354 | 28,326 |
Ss2vdRJG3sk | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ss2vdRJG3sk | Unleash the Science of Learning: Transform Teaching with Strategies from Cognitive Science | hello everyone welcome to classroom to title live for Saturday April 14th today our special guest is dr. pooja agro wall and her topic is science of learning transform teaching with strategies from cognitive science your co-moderators or Peggy George I'm Laurie Moffatt Tammy Moore and Paula Naugle thanks to Tammy for doing the closed captioning for us and I'm now going to turn the mic over to Susie higly who will introduce pooja and ask her the Nuvi question all right good morning good afternoon or good evening as the case may be I first had the pleasure of learning from dr. Agarwal during Matt Miller's ditch summit over Christmas vacation and she brought forward things about the brain and learning that I had never encountered before and I just I had to learn more from her and I have since signed up for her weekly emails and there are wonderful things on her website as well so I'm so pleased that she's able to be with us she is an expert in the field of cognitive science has conducted learning and memory research in a variety of classroom settings for more than 10 years she's passionate about evidence-based education she has extensive teaching experience in K through 12 and higher education as well as expertise in educational policy currently she's an assistant professor at the Berklee College of Music in Boston teaching psychological science to exceptional undergraduate musicians she leads retrieval practice org a hub of cognitive science research resources and tips for educators she's been supported by grants from the National Science Foundation US Department of Education her work has been featured in The New York Times Education Week Scientific American as well as academic journals books and podcasts you'll definitely want to look at her website follow her on Twitter and we will go to the newbie question what is the difference between short and long-term memory and is it important for teachers to understand to improve their teaching strategies so we will turn it over to you to answer this and on to the presentation hi we're welcome everyone and thank you so much for having me this is pooja and thanks of course to Lori Peggy Sousa cami and Paula for putting this all together and so excited to be here and share this really neat research with everyone and so to jump right in with the newbie question what is the difference between short and long term memory and is it important for teachers to understand to improve their teaching strategies and I love this question and one thing I think about when it comes to short-term and long-term memory is that I think we all have a sense of what it what they are and what the difference is so being able to remember someone's name that a party could be an example of short-term memory and long-term memory could be thinking back to our 16th birthday and in terms of the importance for teachers of course this teachers and my background in k-12 and teaching at the college level now we all want to facilitate our students long term memory I feel strongly about the key component of Education and we make this we have this understanding that students may remember something in the short term you know during a class you're reading a chapter and then that translates to the long term and a component of what we'll talk about is that's not always the case so just because students remember things in the short term does not mean it sort of gets into long-term memory and so I'm excited that we can talk about how to make that connection and really bridge between short term and long term so everyone can hear me right I hope so yes great so we'll move on and I'm loving all the chat I'll try to keep an eye on everything so again my name is Pooja and I'd encourage you to visit my websites a lot of the research I'll be talking about is on retrieval practice blackboard that first poll question do you or have you ever part of the phrase retrieval practice so we'll be talking about that research my own website is Pooja Agarwal calm if you would like to learn more about me I have a number of research publications information about the professional development I typically offer that sort of thing and a person on Twitter as well so I like to jump straight in with a question and if you were there with the Matt Miller ditch that textbook or I recently was on a podcast with Jennifer Gonzalez for cult of pedagogy I like to ask this to think about and and I encourage you to type this into the chat what did you have for breakfast this morning I'll take a minute and type into the chat what did you have for breakfast you so my students when I like to ask this with my college students and when I speak with teachers or anyone really and it's a fun mix between things like french toast I appreciate Maureen who had diet coke I typically have coffee only and then it always surprises me people have these wonderful breakfast they make every morning like I think Jennifer Gonzalez has spinach on an English muffin with about three other side dishes and it all just sounds so wonderful so here's another question I like to ask again we'll take just a moment in the chat to share your favorite vacation or road trip where did you go Wow great I love Glacier National Park Peggy so here's one more does anyone know take a guess in the chat a light-year the lawnmower was invented what year was a lawnmower invented as manual yet the original lawnmower yes BC so um if you look on Wikipedia at least all a goat is a good one the original lawnmower was invented in 1830 and the reason I like to ask all these questions about breakfast and our favorite vacations and about little facts like lawn mowers or presidents is because I like for us to to be mindful that we do all of this learning and we remember things every day so we probably didn't really think about our breakfast when we join the webinar until I asked but it's something we do and can think about and can sort of mentally go back and think about what we have for breakfast to mentally go back and think about our favorite vacations but something that happens with our students is that they feel so anxious right when we ask about things and I wonder my guess is tell us in the chat when I asked about what you have for breakfast or your favorite vacation there is a feeling for that very different from asking about the year in which a lawnmower was invented right and sometimes that's the feeling students have with a pencil in your mouth oh gosh I can't remember or I can't get this to stick in my head and there are a very basic model of memory here is a three-part model where we can think about memory and learning as encoding we try to get things into our heads and what we call storage we try to get it to stick around and store in our home and then we assess learning in the classroom as teachers we want to see good stuff in code did students encode and remember things and did it stick around so that by the time we assess it we can tell how much students have learned and that's sort of a basic process and approach in the classroom and one thing I also like to think about is with this idea of encoding we're getting information into students head so we're lecturing with students we're having them read textbooks we're focused on getting that information in and what I find fascinating about this area of research and cognitive science is that learning can be so much more effective when we focus on getting information out of our heads so what I'd like to talk about briefly today is the foundation of what we call retrieval practice and cognitive science and we'll break that down a little bit some quick power up to retrieval so how to make it even more effective in our classrooms for teaching strategies and then thought some reflection time on what we can do next after learning about this research today in the webinar so I'd like to take just a second to acknowledge a lot of the leaders in cognitive science who do this work and so I've been fortunate to spend more than 10 years working with my PhD advisor Roddy Ruettiger or Henry wrote agur he's one of the authors of the popular book make it stick and also with mark McDaniel another author from make it stick and then these are researchers from all over the world who have had a lot of support there's been a recent boom of research in this area and so they of course you can access more of their research on my web site retrieval practice org and check out more about what they're doing so in terms of retrieval practice what I mean by this is to retrieve almost like a golden retriever to go out and get something and pull it back into your head and there are lots of different ways people can define this it can be a fun exercise to ask students what is that feeling when you think back to your favorite vacation what is that feeling when you think about a random trivia fact and what's really exciting with this research is especially again with this recent boom it showed that simply pulling information out and we'll talk about from ways to do that pulling information out improves this transfer of learning from not just memorization but really thinking more complexly but it also improves that connection as I mentioned between short-term and long-term memory so we might think students are remembering stuff but as we all know you know next month next year students have that deer-in-headlights do we talk about this I can't remember it and so retrieval really benefit that connection between short and long term memory and also there's lots of research with all ages everything from kindergarten students on up to older adults and different content areas that that process of getting information out makes learning more sticky so a very basic research example is a study you may have heard of by rote agar and karpicke so rowdy ridiger again from that top left of the research side and what they did are in 2006 is they had college students read sort of brief Wikipedia articles about the otters such and then they asked college students to reread those passages over and over them or they have students read the sea otter passage once and then write down everything they could look like and so they kind of do this a bunch of time students would either reread passages over and over or they'd read it and then you write down but they cook remember and what they found was that after five minutes of course students when they reread these passages I remember pretty well they could write down about 83% of the key facts and the passages and if they had read the passage only ones from them done this writing exercise for that condition students only remembered 71% of the key conflict and again this is after five minutes right can you reread something over and over of course it makes sense when we remember more but after a week you see this huge drop-off can you see a situation now where students would when students have reread passages this forgotten more than half within that connection between short-term memory and long-term memory there's a huge amount of forgetting if you reread passages but if students simply read the passage and wrote down what they could remember the first time they read it they actually remember and retains they stored a lot more of that information and it's only after one week we'll keep seeing this this situation again and again we're what we remember in the short term is not what we necessarily remember in the long term and this is an illusion that students have as well that when we ask students predict your learning on a scalar zero to seven how much of this passage on sea otters are you going to remember and overwhelmingly students say they will remember more if they had reread the passage that if they had read it and taken a brief quiz so students also tend to think how I do now is how I'm going to do later but a great quote I love from this book make it stick is that learning that's easy is like writing in sand it's here today and gone tomorrow so just because it's here and we can remember stuff doesn't mean it's going to be around so one thing I like to focus on and I know I'm going through it fast so yes please include your questions in the chat I again have a background in k-12 that was my passion of how I started my career was as an elementary school teacher and I'm really excited interested passionate about seeing if this laboratory research works in real classrooms and so we spent more than 10 years doing research in the school district outside of st. Louis and with the simple retrieval techniques we were able to raise student grades from a C to an A so in one example of our study we simply included three low stakes quizzes in this situation it was um sorry seventh grade Anatomy and instead of great Anatomy students got brief clicker quizzes and in this graph I know it's a lot there you can see the condition what I call retrieval practice where students got three quizzes versus the teachers regular lessons when students didn't get any clicker quizzes that the teacher continued to go through the typical lessons at the very end of the chapter so just a few days after the chapter lesson students remembered a lot more when they engaged in three briefs clicker quizzes compared to regular lessons without and you can see by the end of the semester in the end of the year the red bar is always statistically significantly higher so when students just engage in those three quizzes they remember much more than nine months later and I love this because we don't tend to do research like this in laboratories we can't get college students to come back at the end of the academic year so it's pretty exciting that we can show that with k-12 students in that ten years of research we've done a whole lot of follow-ups and we can't I don't have time to go through it all of course I have more downloadable publications on my website for these on pooja Agarwal calm but I've looked at everything from short answers versus multiple-choice quizzes open book quizzes students going online and doing things like Quizlet and they all in general all of that retrieval practice improves learning and again just getting that information out can feel a little challenging feel like we may have had a oh I don't know what year lawn mowers were invented but it's that challenge or what we call in the literature desirable difficulty its desirable we want students to be challenged when they're retrieving and thinking about what they've learned but there are some strategies and I love seeing those conversation in a chat with Rick and Peggy one thing I love to do that I mentioned in the ditch that summit ditch fat textbook visual summit and on cult of pedagogy is what we call free recall there are lots of names I've discussed them in from email updates I send out as part of retrieval practice by org is a brains up to simply write down everything you can remember about what we just learned on ancient Egypt write down everything you can remember about what you just learned from the current lesson and you can modify this to just say what are two things you remember what's the takeaway you might have could all serve as great exit tickets and I see that there's a helpful conversation with Rick and so Rick I hope you can share some examples of the exit tickets you used from other ways I like to see retrieval and actions weekly retrieval so I do quizzes myself in my classes I've got a link that we can share I'm not sure I have it so Peggy maybe you can remind me to share a link for a blog about how I use retrieve on my classroom I recently sent an email update out about fair share but how to make sure students are retrieving they're not just sort of flattened off for getting by without actually retrieving and then there are lots of Technology tech tools apps that work really well for retrieval I am currently in love with slip grid it's a video interface you can use the students can show they retrieve and have a discussion with each other how guidelines that are really important again retrieval is super simple I do think we all use it as teachers from that poll we had the majority of us already used quizzes in class it's important to keep this low or no state so when retrieval is high-stakes that's when we get into this feeling of assessment and that's when students don't feel comfortable retrieving oh my god this is the task this is exam I am so scared but what's great is not only that retrieval improves learning but if we take away that fake then students are more likely to engage in the in-class and also outside of class as a study strategy so really keeping it less than one minute or lower in those stakes helps students become engaged and understand that those challenges are good so as teachers and this is also in the poll is how do you review and help students learn information I think it's great to think about not just saying to students here's what we did last week but instead to take that same amount of time and just ask students what did we do last week and give them the opportunity to share I'll pause just a minute for questions about retrieval I did capture a few I don't know if you want them now or at the QA both would be fine I'm happy to continue or wait and there is a link I just put in the chat about how I use retrieval practice in my classroom okay okay we can save to the queue night now let's switch wait okay so to continue especially to those who just joined us welcome anyone remember in what year the first lawnmower was invented yeah it Jeany no cheating see this is where the lower no stakes comes in this is just for fun and it was 1830 so Paula Scott Maureen John great job and Patti detective in wrong so it was 1830 and this was a good example of the first power up I want to mention real quick is called spacing again I think we do this all the time this teachers but it's something to be mindful of is to spaced retrieval over time so instead of just assuming all is a one in dumb students got it like move on spacing is really important and again there's lots of research to demonstrate that it improves learning so one example I like to provide this was a study where students were given math problems they were pretty ocation problems and so they had to you know come up with different combinations of letters and this was with college students and the college students either that tennessee's permutation problems in one week just ten questions in one week or they could answer those practice problems five problems in week one and then five problems week to the super simple study which is more effective should students do ten problems in one week or ten problems that's based across two weeks and as you can imagine after one week students do better if they cram if they simply did those ten pages all at once sorry some problems all at once but again you see this really interesting draw that connection or the lack of connection between short term and long term memory after four weeks when students did five math problems in week one five math on the unique to their much that are able to complete new math problems just by spacing it out one question I frequently get is how much should I space out my contents in my classroom and so one of study we did in the k-12 schools outside of st. Louis was we played around with all the different quizzes the clicker quizzes you are giving so we either again had teachers and the regular lessons or we gave students clicker quizzes before a lesson the pre-quiz a post quiz right after the teachers lesson and then a review quiz for a few days after the teachers lesson an exam performance at the end of the chapter just a few days later increased the further the quizzes were from the teachers initial lesson those clickers were a few days after the lesson students did much better on the final chapter exam then if the clickers were before or right after and we see the exact same pattern at the end of the semester so in other words the more that we faced out those quizzes the better but some of the guidelines I like to give is that it can be super quick I don't think that focusing on how much spacing is the critical component of spacing I think what's key is that we do it in the first place and the more the better one thing to note is what I call a hybrid approach where it may be for some students a lot of these students there's research showing that we may not want to start spacing immediately again that viral Bowl difficulties we may want to start with going over material every day but then spacing it out and a component is is also of spacing it out is not just after this what they learn today you know we sometimes have our own children and we say hey where'd you learn in school today a really key thing to keep in mind is to ask students what did you learn yesterday what did you learn last week and that's spacing is really being mindful of this powerup so coming back to what students covered in what they retreat to really face that out over time so that's the first power up the second one is what we call interleaving and this one I just finished a two-part email update so I'm sure Peggy can send those links about interleaving but as soon as about mixing up contact but what's really important is that that content be similar it has to be related contact I'll tell you why in a minute one story an example I like we don't have time to go to a research to Atari a quick story is that because I teach at the Berklee College of Music outside of Boston I teach psychology and cognitive science and nervous classes I'm not a musician but I had a student come to me she was just kind of hanging out at office hours and she said she you know I really cannot remember this song I have to remember the song she was a music therapy student and she was going to a practicum soon and so I asked her about the song it was called on the sunny side of the street which is a jazz standard from the fifties and I said all right let us going start to finish start to finish with a song let's go through and mix it up so why don't you sing the third verse great now senior fifth verse nothing the second one I sing the chorus and we just kind of skip around and within 10 minutes she was able to learn the song and it's important to mix that around so that we can really understand the difference between similar topics we're not just going start to finish we're not just going through a set of addition problems and one of those subtraction problems students have to look at some things and you really know gee is this a subtraction problem or is this an addition problem you can't just plug and chug by going from the start to the end of the song so one great example I liked during the recent email update was fruit so it's great to mix things up and make students discriminate and with fruit salad we want them to do that with similar topics so we wouldn't take a vegetable you wouldn't take broccoli and put it into our fruit salad I think that would be pretty gross right we want students to compare and contrast similar things and so interleaving is really about mixing up mixing up similar things and really encouraging students to choose what they need to know so students just have a block of addition questions Peggy said she hasn't heard of the phrase plug and chug students can just plug and chug they know this is all addition I'm going to do the exact same thing I'm not even going to read the word problem I just know I have to add the two numbers it was with discrimination with interleaving it's important to get away from doubt and again this is a power up with retrieval so retrieval is great but let's make sure we're mixing it up we're not just retrieving the same problems the same song over and over and the third powerup is what we call feedback again it's something that's totally intuitive that we use as teachers but there are there is a lot of research on how we can do this more effectively and why it's so important so take a second in the chat what is the capital of Australia right down in the chat what's the capital of Australia yeah so the capital of Australia is Canberra good job to Susie and Patty and Maureen yes it's totally surprising right a lot of us especially I think of the United States think that the capital is Sydney and this is where feedback is really important students will think they know something you know we're sure that it's Sydney Sydney sounds right the French students are surprised they bomb an exam they don't do well but I studied and I knew it right this is what we call metacognition is when students think they know something but they don't actually do it and there's lots of great research you can download some resources from this one on retrieval practice or by Jonathon Lasky and the reason these study strategies like reading a textbook over and over again is ineffective is because of what we call an illusion of fluency or an illusion of confidence students think they can see they think they have 20/20 vision but it turns out that they didn't get feedback and they didn't test their own knowledge they haven't retrieved and so when students have this og you know I studied for hours and I didn't get it well it's because they use strategies like this and they were never given any feedback and there was no opportunity for feedback so with retrieval again students can can really see what I know and what I don't know and then see that can help fix sort of incorrect information it's what we call the hyper correction effect especially with the Australia example my guess my hope is that now going forward many of us will remember that Canberra is the capital of Australia because it's just so shocking and surprising right another thing that is effective for student learning is to have them predict their own learning then when students get feedback they realize oh wow I was totally off-base I didn't actually know this as well as I thought what I did so yeah what students tend to do is students tensors to kind of evaluate their own learning and say oh yeah I think I know it but retrieval really helps students see did I really know it or did I not and all of these things retrieval the power-ups they all go into this idea of desirable difficulties or challenging learning when we can think about we retrieve we space it out we mix it up and we get feedback that's all super powerful for learning and again there's tons of research on this but I would love to share it all on my website and I'm happy to go into it more during the Q&A does anyone like pub trivia yes or no in the chat real quick do you like pub trivia so Peggy definitely loves pub trivia aha and what's thought about pub trivia is people go to bars you know they get together with friends and they love facts right my father-in-law love trivia and he loves being able to talk about what he knows getting stumped having fun challenging questions that when students walk into classrooms suddenly our students are uncomfortable with retrieval and it's because we associate that retrieval with assessment I only get information out of my head when I'm taking an exam when it's a standardized test and so there's this this need for us to slip retrieval from a negative to a positive you know students think about retrieval being this bad graded nerve wracking thing but if we want them to use retrieval in the classroom and when they study we need to get away from those high-stakes tests and so one thing we did again after or over almost 10 years of research so we have more than a thousand to 12 students students when they were in our research where we gave them quick quick quicker quizzes or paper and pencil quizzes we asked students at the end of the school year does all this retrieval practice making more or less nervous and seventy two percentage students said that this retrieval makes some less nervous for tests we didn't ask them why but of course it might be that students you know have a better sense of what they know and what they don't know students are learning from the retrieval and so they become less anxious so I think what we can do as teachers is not just to include more retrieval we already do that I think in many ways but how to help students change or switch that mindset what's on the negative to a positive is to be really supportive to make sure the retrieval in our classes are no stakes or low stakes so they're not attached to grade there's sort of a game I'm seeing I'm just like just like English pubs trivia games this is where Kahoot comes in flipgrid asking students just write down what you know and then moving on with your lesson that's all challenging and that challenge is a good thing and one thing to note with students is that with challenges how should we do with retrieval remember on that research I showed they may not do very well now but they're gonna remember a lot more over the long term some other things we can do as teachers is to start small it doesn't have to be revamping our courses to get away from lectures and to move toward retrieval we can do small simple things again like asking students take out a piece of paper write down two things you remember from yesterday and then we move on exit tickets entry tickets can really make a difference in slipping from the negative to a positive making it small and simple and that I like to point out is that we can save time in the long run with retrieval there's lots of research on this it's not that retrieval has to take more time it may mean that we can teach a little less content so we might be able to teach a hundred concept versus ninety if we give these short quizzes but research demonstrates students remember a lot more so even if we've taught fewer concepts students are much more likely to remember more of what we've taught so is it important for us to teach those concepts from the short-term or to help students remember things and the long-term they think that's why retrieval is really critical that helps get us for the long term and it doesn't have to take more time so of all these strategies we've talked about retrieval spacing interleaving feedback write down or put in the chat which of their strategies can you use tomorrow in your classrooms in your library in your school which one can you use tomorrow and I'll add rate a little bit how you can use it tomorrow or Monday and there's some people are typing and I do hope that you're being mindful this is retrieval right how you can use feedback spacing interleaving how you can do this in your classroom tomorrow and Monday it doesn't again have to be this big thing and in terms of what's also next because I know are getting short on time I just like to provide a few resources so again my website is retrieval practice org I provide cognitive science research you can download journal articles you can get links to many of the researchers but I have or - all of the researchers that I showed at the beginning and I have weekly email updates I know I think Susie or Rick said that there is a favorite email all week that they get I have links to other books websites podcasts so please go to retrieval practice that org and subscribe for that when you subscribe you also get access to these downloadable guides after their short early ten pages or so this one is brand new I will be announcing it soon so stay tuned for that this one this new one on transfer is all about how retrieval help students transfer information to new situations new examples not just memorization but that one on retrieval practice one mountain are leaving they're more on in the works I've also mentioned the book make it thick my research is featured in the book and there's another book called small teaching by James Lane he's also on Twitter at lang on course it's a book written for higher education but it presents a lot of this research as well on retrieval practice org you can also find resources from other people doing great things so here's matt miller who held the ditch that textbook digital summit here's James lang of small teaching the learning scientists do great work than have a lot of wonderful resources said Lamaze from teach like a champion who has been tweeting recently about retrieval practice digital promise is great so there are lots of great resources for what's next on the website and slightly different from my question about one strategy you can use take just a minute write down think about one thing you can remember from today we've only spent about 45 minutes together but what's one thing you remember from today exactly the capital of Australia and the date but lawnmowers were invented see and I was just gonna ask that Thank You Tammy this is a grading Lynde was spacing and feedback right it can be that simple I've asked a fact three times in the past 45 minutes and you will probably remember that date and I will assume so think about lawn mowers Australia's yeah just like peg said what did you learn yesterday so I do hope we'll focus on getting information out of our students heads literally pulling it out and there's so much research I'm happy to send to anyone please follow me on Twitter send me an email send me a tweet and I will definitely send along any resources or questions you have so with that I will turn it black Oh burn for the Q&A okay let's go back to the top of my fist how do we empower our learners to be more aware of their own memory but I love that question how can we empower our learners our students to be more aware of their own memory and learning I think that's where retrieval comes in it really does how do we know what we know unless we think about it remember it and try to get it out another thing I like to do and I think it's regardless of grade level is to talk to students about their learning how often do you do that right ask our students how do you study what helps you remember how does it feel when you forget I think asking a lot of those questions puts the onus on students of learners and not just us as teachers how much does the actual process of writing it down make a difference I think we saw that some of those graphs yes yeah it definitely makes a huge difference of course this is just one cherry-pick study but writing everything down I mean there's actually this research goes back more than a hundred years and it really makes a difference from the research we've done in k-12 schools again raising students grades from a scene to an A level how does the importance of the learning matter if the information is something the student is really interested in how does that impact their learning yeah it enhances their learning of course as we know from students this they're interested in I in ourselves if we're interested in it LLL remember it much more and so of course building those connections helping students see the value and what they're learning makes a difference what do you think the is moved back of this what do you think the impact is of instant access to information on the Internet does that change the urgency of remembering information in the minds of students oh that's such a great question and I'm not sure about urgency I'd have to think about that more yeah there are often well I can just look things up on Google so why do I need to remember any of this and I think that comes back to all kinds of questions about the value of education but even Jeff you know in thinking about the dateable thoughts invention of the lawnmower sure we can was set up on Google but thinking about how the Civil War started and how that similar to the civil wars going on in the rest of the world that's something that's a little harder to Google and understand and they think having some of those basic understandings but also retrieving having discussions like that are something so valuable we can do in classrooms but can't really happen in the same way online your thoughts on retrieval is used in MOOC clusion video and in minerva university classes yeah i forgot in the chat I'm not familiar with Minerva University but there have been research by my colleagues dan Schachter and Karl Spooner on at Harvard on Khan Academy and so interspersing quizzes within the videos on Khan Academy is retrieval practice again improves learning another interesting component of that research is that including these quick quizzes reduces what we call mind wandering so literally when our students mind wander lose engagement such as benefit of retrievers that gets them back on track because they're thinking they're not just passively staring at an online video or nice girl this this teacher actually keeps his college freshman mainly I teach at the college level and what he sees is that students do not need to use retrieval to succeed in high school but now it is more vital to succeed on college exams what's the best way to convince students that using a different strategy like retrieval in college is vital to their success on exams hmm one approach I find very valuable at the college level and especially for medical students for instance is to emphasize I think this convinces students is to emphasize that all actually phase time because a lot of study strategies are ineffective rereading highlighting underlining students will spend time doing that and then we'll forget the information and so by the time of a cumulative exam or a board exam they have to re studying n because and then they continue in this cycle of ineffective strategies as opposed to if students retrieve and quiz themselves write down what they know while they're reading a book just close it write down two things and then open the book on students can actually save time because they're not forgetting and so they can actually study less and learn more in the same amount of time enough time should I find not a really full convincing as hey if you do this retrieval you won't have to study as much down the road in regards to retrieval is there a difference between physically writing things down and typing Oh always a good question so there is one study that has been very popular about typing versus writing notes and it's only one study but I did get a lot of height and so from that study writing things down is more effective in the context of note-taking because you are typing so fast students can transcribe what professors are saying while their note-taking in terms of sort of taking notes or at least let's say reading a sex book closing it and writing down two things you remember as far as I know there's no difference between typing and writing in that context a lot more the research has been done on note-taking in classes as opposed to outside of classes this teachers learners recently asked the teachers to order questions from tough to easy when they previously ordered them from easy to tough and you thoughts on that my suggestion would be and there's there's research on this as well is to is to think about the power-up I mentioned with interleaving and sort of actually mix up item difficulty has a lot of benefits in terms of retrieval discrimination and keeping students engaged if students you know have a good sense that these are all the hard ones and then it's going to be easy so I can join out or these are the easy ones like and join out now mixing up the item difficulty can be really effective instead of sort of sequential or in order of difficulty those are the questions that I was able to capture does anyone else have any questions for puja to what degree should teachers be transparent with students regarding the totality of the content that will be learned by the end of the course for you that in the beginning she's thinking her syllabus personally I am completely transparent I'm not quite sure why I shouldn't be so I mean I don't sit and yeah I don't know I don't see why I wouldn't be and I guess what I am transparent and I think for me that's hard again of empowering the student to understand what's going on and not just leading them along there's a phrase I heard recently I really like purses I can get it real quick is the stage on stage versus the guy by the side and that's how I approach my classes is the guide on the side on the facilitator and so they can have access to any and all of the content anytime my college students would like if you give them a study guide to prepare for an exam just that helped or hurt them good question Peggy I think it depends maybe you could tell us more about what the study guides that we look like there are a lot of different ways I think you know the study guide provided prompt for students write down what you know or write down what you think about X Y & Z one thing is if students for instance do a brain dump in class you have them write down everything you know about ancient Egypt then students at least have notes that they can use outside as class but those notes or something Bey retrieves there's bare notes they weren't writing them down during class and other things that I've done research on open books and closed book quizzes both in k-12 and college and if courses you can guess when students have access to those or homework that's open book they don't study as long and they don't remember as much because they're not retrieving the correct so I'm actually taking a Spanish class right now and just for fun and I get homework and I complete the homework and I when I take my homework home I guess I want to open the book and it's really funny feeling and I have to tell my own self who just stopped cheating yourself you know and really complete that homework closed book so I think when it comes to study guides how do you structure that if the students are retrieving and they're not just popping out of a book can be really important and the other thoughts on homework I guess this this piece are saying that they don't give homework anymore yeah Rick could you tell us more take a little clip about what you do gives or what you do instead I think I know from Twitter that you give quizzes and retrieval while he's typing that I mean homework again can be valuable if it involves retrieval if homework involves copying something out of a book not for much so an out of those classified and I give my students is on flipgrid I give students a prompt that isn't something they can look up on Google show you know what do you think about this New York Times article and then they have to go onto flipgrid and discuss what they thought and for me that's really valuable quote-unquote homework but there's no access to an open book sort of thing okay those are the questions that I was able to to capture we're going to wrap up our show today Susie I'm not sure if you're going to be taking over for this slide or a Peggy is yes it's me thanks Susie yes and thank you so much huije I have so many more things to look up this was great and I love the way it applies to people you know K through college so it will actually adult so thank you so much and people will be able to view this on me the archives that will be posted on our website later and also the wonderful live binder that Peggy made but thank you so much and I'll tell you pooja was so well prepared for this too oh my so our upcoming shows next week we have Jennifer Rea group another person from Indiana of our fourth grade April featured teacher on April 28th we have Matt Miller of ditch book Fame and guess what he's also from Indiana 10 things to vision education and what to do instead and on May 5th we have Sarah Michelle global collaboration through online experiences so we hope you'll be able to join us again if not live but you know the interaction makes our our webinars I think wonderful anytime that you can thanks Suzy the learning revolution project is departed onto latest he's gathered all his pd resources in one place including hoster a webinar where you can sign up for a Blackboard Collaborate session and as long as it's open to the public it is free you can nominate a featured teacher at this site we're taking the link within the live binder you can nominate yourself for future teacher of the month the video collection is on iTunes U so the video recording her available there you can subscribe there you can also subscribe on YouTube for previous shows as you exit the session the survey link should automatically open in your browser you can also take the link from within the chat box or from within the live binder and at the bottom of the survey you can request a professional development certificate it now prints out with your name and you get their certificate thanks to Patty ratings work as well as having your name printed on this certificate if you do request one of these please make sure you use a personal email address to receive it otherwise if you use the school email address schools tend to block these from getting to you our special thanks again to our special guest pooja Agarwal Steve hargadon founder classroom 2.0 future of education and the learning revolution to Blackboard Collaborate for webinar platform and to everyone who participated in the show today thanks so much for coming | Classroom20LIVE | UCvKupBV5yutCIz__7PpFTMA | 2018-04-14 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 8,392 | 45,297 |
I5wgbEQP6BI | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5wgbEQP6BI | TRUTH BROADCAST/ A WORD FROM GOD | he was there [Music] he was there the time [Music] in life he was there [Music] he was built [Music] the time he was there [Music] waiting patiently in life he [Music] praise god he was there all the time amen welcome to truth broadcast god is good god is great what a mighty god we serve he will never leave us now forsake us amen but he will be with us until the end bless god forevermore what a great god he is such a great day to be in the land of the living bless god forevermore in every time we need the lord on our side is now this world is in turmoil and trouble amen and it seems like no one know how to figure it out but i want to tell everyone if we turn our life over to the lord jesus christ he is able to do such a thing praise god forevermore amen and amen and amen praise god for those who are sick and shutting those who are down and out those who are struggling in whatever way or capacity whatever situation you're going through i serve a god who is able to save keep and satisfy he is still the same yesterday today and forevermore amen and if you give him a chance in your life he can fix it for you amen whatever loneliness you're facing whatever situation you're going through the god of heaven and earth he's able bless god forevermore he's still a healer amen he's still a deliverer he's still concerned about wherever you are whatever situation you're going through he is still concerned about it and all you gotta do is shout out and call him and he'll be more than happy to reach out and touch praise god forevermore amen and amen and amen father in the name of jesus thank you for your goodness your love and your mercy your alone is worthy to be praised from the rising of the sun until you're going down just to sing your name is worthy to be praised lord i honor thee o god this evening in jesus name i pray for those who are sick in their bodies lord let thy healing power thy blood go forth that thou art shed on calvary lord and touch touch touch touched o god and deliver and set free in the name of jesus hmm glory to your holy name o god in jesus name hiya ah yes lord in the name of jesus i pray for those o lord who are struggling mentally oh god in every time oh god the enemy is disturbing the mind is now and i'm asking you oh lord to touch with a wave of peace and touch my brother and sister in the name of jesus touch the mind bring it to lord to a place of calm and wellness in jesus name o lord and i thank you right now your alone is worthy to be praised him glory and honor be the name of the lord jesus christ lord let thy anointing go forth it power and authority destroying every yoke in its path lord god in jesus name ah come again so god every agents of darkness in the name of jesus i come against every spirit of god that is not of you in jesus name cast down cast out o god and let victory reign in jesus name i let the anointing go forth o lord in jesus name and make the path for victory and i thank you in the name of the lord forevermore king of kings lord of lords our friend omega beginning thee and first and the last in jesus mighty powerful name amen and amen and amen and amen and amen and amen oh glory to god hallelujah thank you lord o glory to god forevermore amen and amen who glory to god amen amen amen oh glory to god feel his anointing thank you lord for blessing me with that presence bless god forevermore take your bibles quickly and let's turn [Music] to the old testament of psalms 139 psalms 139 verse 14. amen and we're just going to read part of the verse amen psalms 139 and 14 is going to read past path of the first verse amen bless god forever moon and he said i will praise thee for i am fearfully and wonderfully made i will praise thee for i am fearfully and wonderfully made praise god forevermore hallelujah to the name of the most high god king of kings and lord of lord praise god forevermore amen thank you jesus thank you jesus water worthy what a wonderful god he is amen and amen i would like to talk to us for a subject or a topic tonight you are not a mistake you are not a mistake um somebody needs to shout that in himself i am not a mistake praise god many of us are beaten down and was beaten down with other people's opinion about us and our lives family members husband wives bosses people we thought that we could trust uh at some point in our lives some of us as children some of us as adults but at some point in our lives someone tries to make us feel average try to make us feel inadequate try to make us feel that we are not enough but may i tell somebody tonight that god does not see you the way how your mother father friend or neighbor whose savior was negatively affecting your life and trying to bring you down and destroy your confidence may i tell you that god does not see you that way but god sees you as somebody god sees you as more than enough god sees you above average god sees you amen as being special hallelujah because we must understand that he is the creator of heaven and earth amen and if god does not see you as average and inadequate and um he does not seize you the way how men see you has not been enough you should not see yourself that way either summon it is shout i am not a mistake oh praise god forevermore i am not a mistake going to god glory to god there are many people will try to make you feel like you're nobody to make you feel like the background you came from is insignificant to make you feel like you're not worthy to make you feel like it does not worth anything to make you feel like your life does not mean anything but may i tell you yeah yeah you're not a mistake in the eyes of the almighty god because he's the one who allows you to breathe breath he is the one that allows you to let that mama and daddy got together and for you to be born sometimes they may consider you to be a mistake but i'm here to tell you i'm tonight that you're not a mistake because god does not make mistakes the reason why you're still alive the reason why you're still here is because god has his hands on your life and he have a purpose for you so you need to shake that negative mentality that men and women have tried to place in your mind and in your soul i need to shout out to the top of your voice i am not a mistake god have let me live for a purpose god have let me breathe breath for a reason and you need to shout in your soul in your mind in your heart and say you are not a mistake you are here for a reason the devil would like you to believe that you are a mistake of circumstance but i'm here to tell somebody anybody that you are not a mistake because god has designed you to be here at this moment god have called you for a reason and you you are not a mistake you need to shout that in your soul you need to shout that in your spirit you need to open your mouth and say it in spite of what they said about me in spite of what names they call me in spite of how bad they try to make me feel about myself i am not a mistake my background is not a mistake my mother and that is not a mistake because god had his hand upon me all this time and the reason why i'm still here is because god have a purpose for my life my mind might be confused my mind might be messed up but i'll bring an encouraging word to my brothers and sisters to let you know you are not a mistake praise god forevermore who glory to god you're not a mistake david who wrote the psalms know what it feel like to be overlooked yeah david knew that those around him thought lord that all he was good for is to be a shepherd boy the bottom of the totem pole devin knew while everyone around him only see him as a shepherd boy what the people around him did not realize god was working on david behind the scenes and to make david more than enough yeah i said david god was working on david behind the scenes to improve his life that even david will recognize that is more than what they said he were god had his hand on david so david said i will praise thee for i am fearfully and wonderfully made david realized because god made me i am unique i am special lord no one else on the planet earth is made like me david said i am wonderfully yeah made the word wonderful is the hebrew word which means to be separated to be distinguished and to be unique don't you know you are wonderfully made by the hands of god you're not a your life is not a mistake your heartache is not a mistake your rough upbringing is not a mistake the hell that you're going through is not a mistake because god has his hand on you he specifically designed you to withstand what you're going through may i tell somebody tonight there are many people who couldn't go through what you have gone through they have taken their lives they have given up all hope and they have moved on but you are still here because you are not a mistake god has brought you here for me at such a time as this you need to let the devil know get me behind me devil i am not a mistake god has his hands on me god has designed me so i could be here my upbringing might have been rough oh the hell that i've gone through i may not be able to understand it i may not be able to articulate it but i'm here because i'm not a mistake sometimes i wonder why me why me why me but i'm here to know somebody you are not a mistake god is just working on you yes he is to let you know you are here for such a time and if you trust him he will he will bring you out he will protect you he will save you yes he will but the hell that you've been through your background is trying to tell you a different story but i come by to tell somebody this evening the reason why the lord sent me here to tell you that you are not a mistake and you are wonderfully made the reason why they wanted the devil wanted to destroy you early the reason why he wanted to take your hope early the reason why he wanted to destroy your confidence early because there is a special anointing of god in your life and that's why he wanted to take your hope and dreams early but i'm here to tell you it's time for you to save your heart in your mind and in your soul and to that devil i am not a mistake because god have called me to be here for such a time as this glory to god hallelujah david is saying god yeah god has made me i made you special david also said i am fearfully made lord the word fearfully is the hebrew word which means the fear of god uh the word is not talking about amen the word fearful is not talking about being terrified of god quivering before god walking on eggshells before god that's not what the word fearfully means this word is referring to having yes a healthy loving reverence and respect for the almighty god as being the creator of heaven and earth bless god forevermore somebody need to shout i am not a mistake praise god forevermore the hell that i've been through is not a mistake the enemy of your soul wants you to believe it was your fault it was your mistake it was your parents mistake the enemy wanted to believe mom and dad didn't want you and maybe they did not but god wanted you to be here god wanted you to be alive god wanted you to hear this word god want to let you know no matter what your past is you are not a mistake the heartache that you've been through and sometimes you think that you deserve the heartache sometimes they convince you that you deserve what you're going through but may i tell you you are not a mistake the enemy wanted to destroy you but god wants you to live you're not a mistake it might have been an unplanned pregnancy you might have been born out of wedlock but you are not a mistake they want you to walk around with your head hanging low wanted to walk around with discuss wanting to walk around feeling like as if you're nobody but i'm here to tell somebody anybody that you're somebody and god does not make mistakes and you need to take your head out of the sun of the past and look into the future and realize the god of heaven and earth have called you for such a time as this sometimes you don't feel like you deserve happiness sometimes you feel like all they deserve is pain and pain is part of the life we live but i'm here to tell somebody tonight you are not a mistake because god had his hand on your life since you are a baby the never tried to kill you while you're a baby it tried to destroy you as a baby you might have been molested as a child you might have been molested as an adult you might have been abused as an adult and abused as a child and you feel worthless somebody the reason why you are still alive is because god has his hand on your life the reason why drugs didn't kill you the reason why alcohol didn't take you the reason why the car accident didn't destroy you the reason why the lake didn't take your life when you're on the boat and fell over junk it's because you are not a mistake and god have called you for such a time as this hallelujah you are not a mistake you are designed carefully created and made the way of god wanted you to be blessed god bless god forevermore all god wants us to do is to follow obey and keep his commandments his word praise god david was saying lord i will praise you in spite of what they say in my past oh glory to god i recognize you have made me one of one no one else like me hallelujah everything i've been through is unique for me and i'm not a mistake glory to god lord i recognize i am only special because you have made me so thank you lord i am not a mistake my brothers and sisters you have gone through a lot we have gone through a lot in the past couple years our lives have been turned upside down but may i tell you you are not a mistake you might have done some things in your past and you think you deserve punishment but i'm here to tell you god comes to give you mercy and his grace and a place of salvation o praise his holy name glory to the almighty god hallelujah hallelujah my mother and father may look at me as a mistake family must say i am a mistake people have looked up to my tried to treat me like i am a mistake oh bless god for about the god yeah who kept me alive and kept you alive he had given us purpose that's why we are still here you are not a mistake i said you are not a mistake and you need to say it within your soul say it within your mind put it on satan wake up first thing in the morning until you believe it and say i ah i am not a mistake and therefore since i'm not a mistake there must be purpose for me why i am here there must be purpose for me why the lord kept me alive there must be purpose for me why i am still breathing this breath of life i may tell you why because you are not a mistake praise god forevermore lord i praise you because i know you made me more than enough lord i will praise you because you made me to be unique lord i will praise you because i am an original design lord i would praise you because you made me priceless i am a masterpiece because you are the master of the universe the creator of heaven and earth and therefore you have made me and you known me before i was even exist therefore i am not a mistake you are not a mistake praise god sometime life is hard on us sometimes life make us feel like we should just give up but don't you dare give up don't dear giving because you are not a mistake god does not make mistakes all you need to do is repent and be baptized in the name of the lord jesus christ for the removing of your sins and ask the lord to fill you with the baptism of his holy spirit the baptism of the holy ghost and go on to live in the guidance of the word of god and the power of the almighty god oh bless his holy name and i'm just stop by to tell you my brothers and sisters you are not a mistake praise god and i just want to say thank you lord for your blessings on me when a person criticized me i believe they are criticizing the almighty god because i'm a part of god's creation and when they say you are worthless you are not enough and you're insignificant they are criticizing the handiwork of god that made you and i you are special you are a royal priesthood you are peculiar people i'm here to tell somebody keep your head high hair press god forevermore and let your children know they are not a mistake praise god forevermore praise god forevermore psalms what psalms 18 and 30 says as for god his way is perfect which means god has designed you and i exactly the way he want us to be he wanted us to be praise god we are not mistakes because god has designed us the way we are praise god forevermore ephesians 2 and 10 says for we are his workmanship created in christ jesus unto good works which god hath before ordained that we should walk in them oh glory to god we are not a mistake we should not give into the lies of those that does not appreciate us we are more than enough by the grace of god we are not our mistake in the eyes of some they may say we were a mistake but the lord want me to let you know that he does not make mistakes and he have designed you create you for such a time as this praise god forevermore praise god forevermore in the new testament epistle of first john chapter 4 verse 4. said yeah of god little children and have overcome them because greater is he that is in you than he that is in the world you're not a mistake we are not a mistake parents may not have planned us to be born it may not have been planned or you may have been planned but somehow the enemy have sent somebody into your life to make you feel worthless to make you feel like you're not enough to make you feel ashamed of what you look like and who you are to make you feel like you're the dirt just come up the earth but the devil is a liar i'll stop by to tell you you're not a mistake god have designed you in the way how we have designed you for such a time as this and if you give your heart your mind and your soul over to him i know he's able to bring you out bless his holy name i am not a mistake and i thank god for allowing me such a time giving me life to be here to see what i'm seeing praise god forevermore because it's all part of his plan why we are still here and as long as we are still here there is still hope and as much as many have tried to hurt us as much as many have tried to make us feel inadequate as much as child makers we are make us feel like we are not enough the devil is a liar we are more than enough because god is with us and if god is with us who can be against us praise god forevermore my brothers and sisters i'm here to tell somebody tonight you're not a mistake shake it off your shoulder speak it in your soul and your spirit and say i am not a mistake because i am fearfully and wonderful made in the hands of the god of the lord of heaven and earth he have made us in his image he had created us and therefore you're not a mistake you're a special specially unique designed individual praise god forevermore father in jesus name i thank you i praise you and honor your god your king of kings lord of lord alfred omega being an indian first and the last i honor thee oh god and i thank you for your love and your mercies and your kindness king of kings lord of lord friend of the friendless and i thank you in jesus mighty powerful name lord i pray for those who are sick those who are down and out oh god reach down and touch touch touch touch touch heal deliver set for your god in the name of the lord jesus christ and i give you all praise and glory because you're king of kings and lord of lord bless those who have listened tonight lord reach down and touch and strengthen our lord reveal thyself to them lord in the name of jesus praise the name of the lord forevermore and i thank you lord for hear my prayer in jesus mighty name amen and amen and amen god bless you my brothers and sisters may the lord keep you may his light shine upon you may the anointing go with you through the rest of this week and may his spirit guide you praise god forevermore may his hands rest upon you amen and protect you in jesus mighty name i'll be back next sunday afternoon at 2 in jesus name and next monday at 7 in the name of the lord jesus christ with another word from god in the name of the lord forevermore amen and amen god bless you until next time may the lord bless you and keep you in jesus name amen praise the name of the lord crazy the name of the lord hallelujah [Music] | THE RELATIONSHIP ROOM | UCfMnXKQazYddzdvZhQ9KE6A | 2022-03-29 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 4,127 | 20,361 |
ZXVyTf8NP0w | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZXVyTf8NP0w | Sewing Themed Wreath with Handmade Ornaments | hi you guys Lindsey here well welcome back to my channel inside to him I am so excited to share one of my latest craft projects my sewing themed wreath I had such a blast coming up with this little project and you won't believe how easy it is to make the wreath itself came from Hobby Lobby last January after all the decor went on sale for basically 100 percent off each of the ornaments was made on my Cricut maker using their 2 millimeter chipboard and the nice blade I was able to cut out these really detailed shapes the knife blade is basically an exacto knife that makes shallow cuts into the chipboard the machine cuts into the shipboard a little bit at a time passing over the images again and again until it cuts through the entire thickness of the chipboard I was using a brand new knife blade and found that if the software was going to make 24 passes I really only needed to do half of that so I could cancel the cut basically halfway through so that also means though that this is not one of those Cricut projects that you can just set and forget you really need to stay close by and start checking to see if the chipboard is cut through when you're getting too close to that halfway mark of the cutting process but once it's done the shapes just pop out and you can use a little all to get the itty-bitty parts out the sewing machine design actually came from one of my favorite bloggers see Kate so she posted it about these ornaments earlier this year and I stored that little idea away until now in addition to Kate's sewing machine ornaments I also found some other sewing related images in Cricut design space a thimble a needle and thread spool and a button I made all the ornaments in two sizes for a little bit of variety to make it easy for you guys I have made my design public so you can get started on your ornaments in just a few clicks the link to the design is in the description box along with links to all the products I have used to make my reach so once everything was cut out I took some basic acrylic paint and painted both sides of each piece of the ornaments then I took a little bit of gold acrylic and ran that just along the edges just to give it a little bit of dimension and a little bit of sparkle for the sewing machine I painted the knobs of the machine in contrast colors so that they would stand out a little bit and for the button I simply just tied some twine around the holes of the button to make it look like it was a threaded button to finish up this wreath I made some thread spool ornaments the wooden spools can be found at any craft store I took some wood stain to deepen the color a little bit and then wrap some fabric scraps around each one with a hot glue gun so easy to top it all off I sewed this bow by taking a long strip of scrap fabric folding it right sides together and stitching all three sides leaving a small opening in the longest side for turning then I just turned it and pressed it and tied it into a bow around a piece of the garland and there you have it it really is that easy to make your own wreath and these little sewing themed ornaments really just speak to my heart I love mine so much it might stay up past Christmas I mean nothing about it maybe the garland is overtly Christmas so why not write but that's going to do it for me today if you enjoyed this video please give it a thumbs up and if you're not already please subscribe I post DIY fun craft projects like this all the time but thanks for watching this one and be sure to tag me in your photos if you make the wreath or any of the ornaments obviously these ornaments can go on your regular Christmas tree as well they're not just for our ease I just love seeing how you guys are inspired by my projects but again thanks so much for watching I'll see you all very soon bye tea [Music] [Applause] [Music] you | Inside the Hem | UCwJJ7VNilW8YXbsJnWNEzyw | 2019-12-22 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 756 | 3,854 |
78v4Dkcrok8 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78v4Dkcrok8 | Equalities and Human Rights Committee - 15 March 2018 | come to this the eighth meeting of equality Human Rights Committee in 2018 make the usual request that mobile devices have switch to airplane mode and off the table please agenda item 1 this morning is a decision on taking agenda item 3 and private our committee agreed to take it thank you very much agenda item 2 is the continuation of our business on the UK was drawn from European Union legal continuity Scotland bail and we know that Parliament has agreed to treat the bells an emergency Bell and the Bell has completed at stage 1 consideration and the chamber on the 7th of March and stage 2 amendments after Mollison session were completed about 9:45 last night and section 5 the Bell seeks to save the EU Charter fundamental rates and to Scots law as it applies to devolved matters so following all of that we have a session this morning with the Minister for UK negotiations in Scotland Scotland Europe Michael Russell and his Scottish government officials this morning our alison kill claim professor Duncan ales and look McBratney and cabinet secretary I know that you had a marathon session over the past few days no doubt you're tired but well versed and the ways of the ocean going to differ and so we've got about 45 minutes but this morning because we know you've got to be another committee I don't know if you want to make a very brief opening statement no I think I think I'm very happy to answer questions okay thank you very much on that not guil yes thank you can be no good morning panel minister you have previously stated that if agreement was found on the UK government's EU withdraw bail that the continua bail would fall if this were the case how can we ensure that the charter of fundamental rights protections can still be maintained in Scotland given that the UK's government the UK government's position is that the Charter will not be taken into UK law I think that is one of the downsides if the bill were to be withdrawn but we have made a clear commitment to withdraw the bill where an agreement found can I just explain that why that is and indeed that commitment will be clearer now because I think the last amendment which was accepted I accepted last night during the stage 2 process was one from Liam care which indicated and we agreed that the whole bill would fall if we decided to move in that direction rather than bits of the bill and that is that onerous a commitment that we have made the best way in terms of the overall process of withdrawal and I don't think there's any good withdrawal and I don't agree with withdrawal I think breaks it is the wrong thing to happen but the on the technicalities which we've always said have to be observed because you can't leave the country without a without law in place and the European law is amesh with our own lives over the last 50 years the best way to do it is by a single bill to which legislative consent is given by the devolved administration's by Wales and Scotland and Northern Ireland if it were a sitting and we've endeavored and are endeavoring to get an agreement on that the UK government did not consult on the draft bill before they published it we had two weeks I think to talk about it but nothing compared to what should have happened in terms of how you put together legislation that requires legislative consent we've been in daring to say that whilst we don't like the bill there's lots of things we don't like our place in terms of devolved administration's is to say if we can make it work with you to do the right things we'll do so now we can't make that bill work because there are bits of it that run against devolution and create a mess frankly in areas such as agriculture fisheries some health areas some legal areas environment there is a mess but we could sort that mess in in terms of the detail and in terms of the law not in terms of what we like the proper place to amend it in terms of these issues would then be the House of Commons in the House of Lords now I don't say that with any pleasure I think this this Parliament should be able to decide everything but given the present constitutional settlement that's the proper place to amend it now the House of Commons chose not to amend it there was you know split views even in the in the Tory party but it didn't succeed in you will read can clucks tremendous speech on it from the House of Commons it is now in the House of Lords in the House of Lords will be able to take a position on it the House of Lords may take a different position on it I don't necessarily look to the House of Lords to save me on many occasions but we should look as Lords to see if this is ventilated properly and indeed I have briefed peers on on our own position on these things in recent weeks if they don't do so then I think then that becomes a matter for the wider debate within the country and those of us who want to see the protection of rights need to find a way to secure it one way of course would be to retain this and also to be part of the single market and the customs union in other words to keep the closest possible alignment between ourselves and the EU and not to go down this rabbit hole of assuming that we will get away from everything and there'll be a wonderful world it won't it'll be a rabble and we need to recognise that so thank you do you do you think there there's any way that we can incorporate principles of human rights and EU law without adopting the gyro I think the best way to forward would be to take the Charter into our into Scots law as we have indicated in this and that's one of the differences in our approach to withdrawal withdrawal legislation from the UK approach this is the best way to do it interestingly that also appears to be the Scottish conservative position after the last two days because the indication was given I think by mr. Tompkins that he would drop our approach to the some things but he would keep our approach to this issue there's good reason he said to maintain the position of the Charter of Fundamental Rights in Scots law after exit day so I welcome that presumably then there will be a unanimous view that that's what should be happening and should presumably be happening at Westminster - I think he could be a good morning panel it's so good to see you again Minister I think we've spent far too much time together was these last few days but nonetheless it's been oh I just wanted press you on a few points based on the evidence session she had last week which was extremely helpful and it's probably wife at this point just placing on record my thanks to the clerks and staff of this committee for cobbling together some excellent research notes especially those from spice on the implications of the continuity bill and its relevance this committee and things have been extremely helpful so thank you to all members for that Tobias lock in his evidence session last week stated that null non EU country had ever adopted the Charter or indeed proactively sought to incorporate EU directives regulations laws etc into their domestic law can the minister just clarify why he thinks Scotland should well no country has ever left the EU before so I suppose that contextualizes the the issue I think it's very simple the reality is this provides the protections that we have got used to this to have underpins the system of human rights that we want to have and therefore I think even though and I should point out that Scotland did not vote to leave the EU so by extension Scotland did not vote to have the Charter removed from from from the protections removed from us in all those circumstances it is the right thing to do it is the progressive thing to do and I'm glad that a professor Tompkins agrees with me I quote him again there is good reason to maintain the position of the Charter of Fundamental Rights in Scots law so presumably he does not I'm not sure dr. Locke indicated it shouldn't be done he indicated he simply indicated that nobody else had done it well do you know I think a bit of innovation does us no harm as a Scottish Parliament thank you so so if in the circumstance therefore that the Charter is incorporated in Scots law but not in other parts of the United Kingdom what does the minister think the consequences of having for example parallel frameworks around different approaches to human rights might be with regards to liabilities on the state with regards to different approaches from a policy point of view uneasy under percent clear and confident that is in effect within the competence of the Scottish Parliament to adopt human rights in the court these elements is the entirely happy that those are retained devolved EU matters not reserved in any way and that's more of a technical question rather than look let's go on it devolved competence and these are we are dealing with putting this into Scottish law in a way that is consistent with the constitutional settlement so I'm entirely happy and I'm entirely happy that the bill in all its regards fits within competence this is a discussion that's been going on for the last a couple of weeks now that will continue for some particular period of time but we're absolutely fine we can we can legislate on human rights differently the question is in my view and with respect not what us doing something which somebody else isn't doing it is it was that us holding on to something which is being taken away from other people that's actually the difference now I'm comfortable I'd like everybody to be protected by this I don't really see why people require these protections in other parts United Kingdom should have them taken away from them but I if I have the ability to allow these to continue in Scotland that's what I would want to do so I think it's quite important just to recognize that this is not about saying let's do something differently in Scotland this is about saying this works for us though this is what we want to keep and therefore we're going to keep it on the wider point I you know I am I am at the very relaxed end of the spectrum in terms of differences in in actions and choices within the various parts of these islands and indeed that is the DeVault settlement and it's really important to recognize that I've been quoted recently as saying I think one of the problems that we've got into in the negotiation kingdom is that we're dealing often with ministers in the kingdom who for the best reasons do not understand evolution have never operated it and it's necessary for us to remind the United Kingdom government the devolution exists it is the constitutional settlement it was voted for by the Scottish people I may wish to go further but the reality is that's where we are it is in that the immortal phrase the settled will of the Scottish people but it's also the settled constitutional will of all parts of these islands and therefore we should recognize that and it should be respected by the United Kingdom government no further questions but as probably worth adding that the minister said in a previous answer that Scotland did not vote for brexit with the gross of respects Kong is not the member state of the European Union is the United Kingdom and is the United Kingdom they voted for breaks and I think that should also be respected no further questions Alex cool thank you convening good morning Minister and good morning to the officials thank you for coming to see us today I'd like to start by focusing on section 13 which is obviously exercised my party in its deliberations around the stage one on stage two proceedings in in respect of keeping pace and the powers that this Parliament may be about to confer on Scottish Ministers and respect of keeping pace with the legislation after withdraw and now obviously I think we've made some progress on this and I'm grateful to the government for the concessions it's made so far and I look forward to further discussions on that but irrespective of the progress that's been made if we confer power to Scottish Ministers for whatever period of time to by regulation keep pace with directives from the European Union as inequalities in human rights committee we obviously have a duty of care to the scrutiny that these changes have particularly around equalities and human rights and I'm concerned that if we are doing things through ministerial regulation they won't have things like the statutory requirements for an ecologies impact assessment or a child rights impact assessment can the minister explore how we square that circle and make sure that such scrutiny can take place particularly on relevant directives and regulations that the minister might choose to make yes I mean I think we should recognize that the power under Section 13 is a limited scope and is designed to do essentially comparatively minor matters I mean I'm not by that saying fish health or vasive species or or any of those animal health I'm not saying this is a means by which ministers would seek to take very major issues forward on a regular basis I also as you correctly pointed out accepted substantial changes to this in the stage to process and many of those came from your colleague Travis Scott and we will continue in discussion about other items of them that having been said the section 13 power is an important part and there could be areas which the Scottish Government in consultation with the committee and with stakeholders and in this area would believe it was useful to have now this this would require the minister to make a recommendation for the Parliament to be satisfied that this was the right thing to happen by the affirmative procedure for there be to be and sometimes that could even be about a super affirmative procedure I don't believe that should be of right but it could be and in no circumstances it would be wider consultation this committee would be absolutely entitled and I would encourage it to you know hold hearings on that matter to look at it so this is not without scrutiny but if we are to recognize for example the importance of regulatory alignment in some key areas and in some issues as in the Northern Irish border that's crucial then it is important as a pilot allows us to give effect to regulatory alignment without having to go through the process of primary legislation on every single occasion because I think that that would be a difficult thing to do and in some areas would negate the the issue of keeping pace now you know the arguments mean well the UK government didn't want this because it didn't put it in their withdraw bill I think that the situation we've got now is that we need it it should have been in the withdrawal bill and we put it in our own I'm grateful to the Minister for that answer and in respect of the times that we agree that actually primary legislation is required and is is the review as to how you know considering we have quite a full diet in this Parliament already has any sort of scoping been done as to what level of legislation what increased level of legislation we would be brought forward in how that would stand up to scrutiny well we have estimated in terms of secondary legislation you know 300 plus items of secondary legislation similarly for this process and that's a lot for the spotlight say years for this at least it could be more yeah it is difficult to tell because we don't know from the idea kingdom government precisely what they are going to propose we do believe that these things some of these things should be done jointly with the kingdom government but so in secondary legislation estimates exist work is done and it continues to be done some a complex task and it's not it's not just about bringing a law back in it is about correcting deficiencies too and that is a serious serious business terms of primary legislation no but we do know for example that the UK government intends to bring forward an agriculture bill a fisheries bill a trade bill and in fact trade bill is the first part of the trade bill anyways in the House of Commons so we can see things coming now that is then complicated by try to complicate even further that's complicated by where we are with the negotiations with UK government because if we were and we've indicated our willingness to establish frameworks for example covering issues in agriculture you know that's that's one of the areas which is in this list of 24 or 25 depending how you define it so in those areas if there was a framework and there was a legislation there would be a process of agreeing that and of developing the legislation in a way that suited Scotland and unmatched a Scottish circumstances so I think we are in for a heavy programme of secondary legislation a if we could resolve the present dispute with the UK a heavy process of legislative consent and if the frameworks are such that we also require Scottish legislation a fairly heavy program there too so I think we've got quite a bit of legislating ahead of us now you know you and I I think agree that there are it would be better to spend our time on things other than break so you know this is a massive distraction this is a backhaul sucking resources and energy and initiative into it but we are regrettably where we are and therefore we will have to look at that program very seriously I just hope we're not going to have state 11 hours of stage 2 over 24 hours but what else Thank You Minister I might come back to Emily's worth you Minister at the same issues at ease last week both Tobias Locke and it's in relation to employment rates because much of the employment protection that we have in this country comes from Europe and I am concerned that there could potentially be some slippage and rates for workers and I just wondered if you could comment on that and how the legislation there is before that's how you will protect workers rights post braixen well I I don't want to be unkind to ministers of the United Kingdom government hey I'm I'm sure I'd be ruled out of order where to go to firing us but I don't necessarily accept their assurances on these matters I think that there is a deregulation imperative from some of these ministers and they want to see a situation in which rights workers rights human rights rights laws are diminished now before mr. green arm as well as intervenes I accept that's not what they're saying and therefore I could be accused of being unfair about this matter but you know I I don't necessarily trust assurances we have so the question then becomes how can we do something about it now you know this bill in the Charter helps us along that way and the Charter is a wider way of doing that because of what it includes an example for example the Human Rights Act and the European Convention I'm not dissing the European Convention but the Charter is a very useful tool and more useful in that regard and of course range is more widely you know we've been having debates about environmental law recently and there are environmental guarantees within that sometimes that's why this you want but pretty widely so we've we've got all of that and the European pillar of social rights of course stands there in front of us is something of huge importance to us and therefore we we will have to be clever and fleet of foot unless I support you could look at this and again I don't want to be able to come to you about suppose you look at this as as a series of steps you know the first step would have been and should have been to say the United Kingdom government to say we're keeping this you know we're keeping the good thing is even if you are seduced by this business of you know pot of gold at the end of the trading rainbow and all the rest of it even if seduced by that then no it's not true but even if you are you could have been sensible about him so we're gonna stay single market and we're gonna do this that didn't happen the next thing is is there a way for it to happen at Westminster and there's still a route open I think anybody who saw anything of the House of Lords debates over the last couple of days and I have to say I've I'm sad enough to have glanced at them as well as having been in here I did think there was some some very interesting reactions in the House of Lords saying you know hang on a minute you know we're not going to be told the referendum was they Bay all and end all you know there are other issues applying there and that's a possibility there's this bill you know this bill is there for a purpose it has to be able to be worked it is a workable bill and in those circumstances if there's no agreement in the UK then this bill will do some of those things not all of those things but some of those things remember some of those things are reserved so if we've got this bill we haven't got this bill if we haven't got the United Kingdom government on the side then we are in the process the old tiling necessary process of campaigning and arguing and making sure that we are standing up for the things that we believe to be right and trying to make sure they're there and the third sector has a big role to play in this I was very pleased to see the agreement you know the the Edinburgh agreement they came to the Edinburgh declaration they came to in terms of rights I think the convener was present when that was signed I think that indicates the strength of the third sector and other bodies too saying no we're not going to have this happening and we will have to do that we will have to assert that this perhaps reminds us that progress social progress progress in rights is not a straight line you know we've lived our life in the view that we everything is just going to get better and people are enlightened that turns out not to be true so we'll have to go to back to that I can't give you much more Hope than that but on the other hand does and I you I know and myself and many people in this table have spent a lot of time campaigning a lot of arguing and we just have to go on doing it and saying it has to happen because an answer to my question last week and dr. Locke said that if a change was made by an act of the Westminster Parliament that would be very little we could do in Scotland and if my memory serves me right the example he used was if the Westminster government decided that everyone was only entitled to two weeks holiday that was very little that we could actually do to change that and as a massive concern that there is a potential for slippage in rates are being very hard fought fought and won this is one of the issues in brakes is to make it real to people now one of the issues and breaks that is these things which we thought you know where ours as of right they had come to us we didn't realize how fortunate we were they come because people had campaigned for them and argued for them you know you could take same view of suffrage and women's role in suffrage day all those people campaigned and work for them they're there now they're at risk now that might make us value them more but also we have to be aware that we need to find the democratic structures to continuum to be so now my view ISM I want to continue this consensus but my view is this Parliament should making all those decisions and if there's Parliament was making all those decisions in my view as a political consensus in Scotland would ensure that those things happened and quite a lot of other things happened too if you don't believe that and you believe that you know it Kingdom is the right unit for this to happen and then you know whilst I disagree with that I look for people to say well this is how it's going to work and and the other question I asked dr. walkabout was lost he was a teen Frankovich and Frank effect to me and although it's something that may not be used by very many people it is still in its essence a right that an employee would have and the continuity bill makes no provision for that brakes and I know there ain't a vegetable MSP had lodged an amendment which I supported and that amendment has fallen I would be grateful if you could perhaps Minister give me some explanation is stupid your thinking to not include Frank of it what we do include Frank which we do include a better protection for a Frank of itch than the United Kingdom bill I have to say so what we do in those circumstances the right of action does not terminate on exit day because the action hasn't been raised the the right continues right has been settled if they but you can't give that guarantee I see no way you can give that guarantee if you're not a member of the EU regrettably I do think it's possible to be to do that if you are not a member the EU beyond the right that we are granting Section eight I mean Frank which is actually on the face of the bill so far from not doing it we are doing it and we say there's no right of Scots law on ER after Exadata damages in accordance to the rule of Frank of it so that's a one and subject to any transitional translate saving provision made by regulation under Section 32 subsection 1 does not apply in relation to any right of action occurring before exit date so if you've got the right to do that before exit a if the the thing about which you're complaining is before exit day you have a continuing right I think the real difficulty then is to say if the thing about which you're complaining is after exit day you are relying upon Frank ovitch to do something which it's subject to European Court justice which we won't be so then we have a huge difficulty about how that actually operates and is also as you know attractive it's partly an act of shaming right but I mean I'd be ashamed enough not to be you but there's no act of shaming that could take place there so you'd have a very very limited action you know of an oblique alt turn force and I think the courts would be uncomfortable about it too so it is not that we are doing nothing and I we had this very full discussion the committee and you were your name was attached to Travis Scott's amendment and that was actually a good thing to do because tablet Scott must have got more amendments through than most people so it's probably a tip for the future attach your name to the average guy but on this occasion he didn't get it because it is actually impossible to see how you would operate it it's not I'm not sympathetic I just don't think it can be done because Frank of it just like to you stature well it's late and you can take that statute in but it's it's it's although the actual quantum is decided by a local court or a national court the whole regulation is set by the European Court of Justice and you're taking that whole element out but also it is it is making a non-eu country responsible for rights that accrue if you are in an EU country and you can do it that would apply right up to the last moment of exit that's not whether you could govern are ok but regrettably regrettably it kind apply after you're not there ok thank you thank you Minister I wanted to pick up a couple of points both units something that I had spoke about in the debate the other day as well and I've got some grave concerns around about some of our primary legislation and our domestic law which is EU directive derived so EU directives have been you know accepted and ratified by United Kingdom but because we have a central legal system Scotland we've brought forward our own primary legislation and a number of ours and I gave you two examples the trafficking of human beings and child sexual exploitation and pornography who which are two things that were eager to write directives but in premier law and Scotland those laws go much further than they do in the primary law and England and I've got a real concern on things like that how else do we protect the fact that we have made you know a more extensive legal possession on that with more protections and place for the people who would be victims then they English law and if those powers are reserved or retained how then do we ensure that we continue with that modern progressive an advanced legislation I'm gonna bring Luke in a second cuz there's some technical issues and here but on the political issue that you're raising it's a considerable way because the way in which we can do that is because we have a divorce settlement with the legislature here that has the to legislate in certain areas and does so so we can make those choices another example would be minimum pricing for alcohol where you make the decision because of a circumstance event it is it recognizes the principle of subsidiarity in actual fact if the United Kingdom government is intent on hemming in the devolved administration's which is what appears to be happening and if these powers which are to be which UK government wishes to essentially re reserved are not sunsetted in any way then in those areas and of course there is no limit to those areas the area the 24 is there and you know in the description I think of Adam Tonkin CST it's one of the buckets out there that has 24 items in it as I pointed out to him yesterday the buckets have no lips you can keep throwing things into them and you know that's an issue for the United Kingdom government so you could find in areas which are not on that list suddenly they have shown an interest in and decided that they want to do something about so respecting the divorce settlement it's a political issue that allows us to do the things we need to do just to confirm for the committee the section 2 of the continuity bill preserves all devolve the derived domestic legislation which would include the statutes that the convener has referred to and it explicitly provided preserves them in relation to matters where the method of implementation in Scotland has gone further than the what was required by EU law that is under subsection 2 subsection 2 as well as the continuing ability to make a different choice for Scotland that the minister refers to section 13 of the Bell for keeping peace power with a low post withdrawal developments to be reflected in the domestic law that that can be referred to ok one of the bodies I've got an attempt to harmonize some of these things and harmonization maybe regression in our case and that's that's where where I've got our body when it comes to rates based primary legislation that we have the getting a recognition from Innes UK ministers and the existing situation and the importance of diversity and difference within it because devolution is based upon the fact that there are some things that need to be done differently now you know as I say some of us believe we should go much further but the present system is based upon that diversity and also needs to be described accurately there is no such thing as a single market in very commerce in the UK there is there is a uniform market but it's not a unitary market there is divergence and diversity and that is what the settlement is and in legislative terms that is what the settlement is and that needs to be recognized and section full of the continuity belt metal section thought of there you withdraw bail and that and ensures it the devolved rates are available within Scots law it's called the equal treatment free market and gets like equal treatment legislation can you give us an insight and to how you think that will work because and all both of them met each other but they do slightly different things when I'm looking for insights I always turn to my colleagues here so well equipped legislation as the committee's aware applies at a UK level it's brought into the law of Scotland essentially through reserved action the I mean it's quite a complex area that's why I'm hesitating and to some extent we're swinging interiors where I think I would prefer to have the benefit of input from colleagues legal colleagues with specialist knowledge of this particular subject matter but that issue of equal treatment is already part of the existing law of Scotland it's something that we share in large measure with the law that applies helps where in the UK I don't think there's any suggestion that that will be undermined or eroded there is reference to equal treatment as part of the list of common framework topics that remain open for discussion but I mean we can write further to the Committee on when or where we stand as far as the Equality Human Rights Commission and their place and that's as the reserved body but with the UK way dream it and how that enter please with the Scottish Human Rights Commission and the responsibilities they have to devolved matters around equal treatment and it's a it's a matter that they can make is very interest and but because it brings any sharp focus the people that you know the outcomes for people that we attend trace it and around some of the protected characteristics in all whether it's you know your race your religion your sexuality or whatever so these are the things that really interest us and how will people be protected and and the concern that well regression the regression with Ken there and we would lose some of those rights as well you mentioned the section 4 of the bail corresponds to Clause 4 a V withdrawal bail that's the case for sections 2 3 & 4 to a very large extent and that is a deliberate choice by the Scottish Government which recognizes that those sections which are about they are effectively the continuity sections they take all of the existing law rights as implemented and attempt to transfer them precisely into into domestic law post exit they the Scottish Government and I think this is set out in the policy memorandum does consider that there is value in being at a high level of complementarity between the way that reserved law is carried forward the next day and devolved law and for that reason we've chosen to very closely mirror sections of clauses 2 3 and 4 of the EU withdraw about in sections 2 3 and 4 of the continuity bill I suppose just to explain what might be the technical point you've read Saul or think you've asked quite a detailed question actually about em section four and which which sees that it saves all of the devolved rates pairs liabilities and then it sees that doesn't apply so far as the foreign particles law by virtue of section three or two rise under an EU directive that's simply an exception to reflect the fact that those things are saved under Section ser two and three of the bill so it's not trying to exclude them it's just reflecting the fact that they're all saved elsewhere in the bill so that would include I think the directive that you you mentioned so far as it relates to devolved matters okay yes I'd like to pick up on the conveners questioning there in respect of the powers conferred on ministers both by section 11 12 and 13 in respective deficiencies in our international treaty obligations and indeed as we discussed earlier in keeping pace and I want to explore that in respect of how that pertains the Equality sides and now it's clear that the limits of these powers will be that they cannot modify either the 2006 Equality Act or the 2010 Equality eyes however each of the sections do suggest that it would not prevent the removal of a protection or the making of a modification if alternative provision is made in the regulations that is broadly equivalent to the protection being removed or being modified so I just like to see clarity really as to whether the minister regards these the regulation making powers can modify or in any way equalities legislation as it's not well the word broadly has been removed from those last night during stage two so you can take your pen to that these sections are effectively technical measures it's just to rely on the fact that we don't want to prejudge the precise form for any drafting of any amendment required to address deficiency Mighty it may involve moving around words and legislation or replacing a scheme with a scheme that works in a slightly different way but what they make clear and probably especially clear I know that the word broadly has been removed is that whatever they modified or replacement provision is it must contain our protection that is equivalent to the protection that is being modified or moved okay does does not and cannot innovate in policy you know what it does is it it brings things in it corrects it deals with deficiencies and the minister's power to do that subject to very high degree of scrutiny and a whole set of checks and balances which we've added to this and indeed improved again the stage to but this is not about policy change and modification that's frustrating for people I know it's frustrating for me but that's not what we're doing okay I think that's fine yeah no I think you make sure we check all the boxes minister and get all the questions in line and there's a couple other supplementary so I think people want to come and Method Jimmy did you want to come back in just to pick up on the minister's last point when he said that this is bill does not present any opportunity to innovate so doesn't mean therefore there any regulations that he brings in as a result of any additional powers conferred upon him or any other Scottish minister in this borough will only deal with deficiencies I like for like replacements as opposed to new regulations which derive from policy and be confused by that well I'm like for like is not the face I would use but I'm sure explain that carefully section oven with the Bell set so what a deficiency section works for section 11 sorry of the world set so what a deficiency is in subsection 2 that takes the almost identical form to the equivalent powers in clause 7 for UK ministers and schedule 2 for devolved ministers in the EU withdrawal belts including importantly no that sub section 2 of section 11 contains an exclusive exhaustive list of types of deficiency so deficiencies exists for example under section 11 where they make provision for in connection with to take one example reciprocal arrangements between the UK and the EU which no longer exist is an exhaustive list of types of deficiencies the power in Section 11 subsection 1 only can be used where ministers consider that there is a failure of devolved retained EU law to operate effectively or any other deficiency as defined and it is necessary to meet provision for the purpose of preventing remedying or mitigating failure or deficiency so there's quite a textured test to be applied by ministers and satisfying themselves that they have the power that is backed up by provision in the bill which would require ministers to set out in an explanatory statement accompanying every regulation both that they're convinced both that they're satisfied that the test of necessity has been met and that the provisions they're making do no more than is appropriate to remedy the deficiency that has been identified the test of necessity exists for us as a result of recommendations from the delegated powers committee amongst others does not exist in the UK bill so this is a higher test and indeed I pointed out to the delegated powers committee when they gave evidence last week the test is a very severe test I mean very few piece of legislation to talk about making provision for preventing remedying or mitigating the failure or other deficiency this is a clear and very severe test of how they should be operated he powers in schedule 2 of the EU withdrawal bail which would be conferred on devolved administration's under that bill do not include presently a test of necessity so the only area of subjectivity is and whether the ministers believe that there's a deficiency or not because that by default would be a subjective decision rather than subject to any test its decision informed by the description in Section 11 subsection 2 of what is a deficiency the the power would not could not be used in the air there was not such a deficiency as I pointed out last night I think to an amendment could you raise the face in the opinion of Scottish Ministers is it exactly the same to swap Scottish for UK that's the opinion of UK ministers so the bills allow the opinion of Ministers to guide this subject to a huge degree of scrutiny and subject to a legislative test which in Scotland is a more severe legislative test than that in the UK bill so I think that is a pretty much hemmed in in the right way in terms of how we do this and if I may just briefly in a supplementary why does the Minister of the panelled believe that an an urgent case this should not be subject to the firm's of procedure which I believe was another point that was moved and voted down last night which I felt I did and even enhanced the scrutiny of the ministers just discussed well because the the committee accepted last night the arguments I made within the case of an urgency by definition it is an urgency and therefore you have to treat it it more quickly and more urgently than you would something else however there are very strict safeguards built into the urgent procedure which we not only have accepted accepted being strengthened during the process so urgent cases have to be treated differently because they are urgent cases but they can be treated and will be treated in a way which is very substantial scrutiny and indeed the possibility not only of rebuke to the ministers but of annulling or getting rid of the step that ministers are trying to take I mean this this bill has tighter scrutiny than the UK bill it has more safeguards in the UK bill and of course it is about circumstances which are not of our making these are things were being forced into doing because of brexit so we're trying to do them as quickly and as effectively as possible but with a much stronger recognition of the need to make sure that where ever it is possible they can be scrutinized in the best way possible that's what we're trying to do mr. green that the procedure that would apply to an instrument subject to section 31 of the continuity bill would require a vote in Parliament on every single instrument at present the bill requires that vote within 21 28 days and the minister has committed to looking at that again at stage 3 this is a form of procedure the in the Westminster Parliament for example would be called me the formative procedure that is there will be a vote in every case and that is the the signal feature of an affirmative procedure the only difference is that in these cases the regulations can come into force in advance of that vote that's a necessary incident of the urgency of the situation which section 31 is contemplated thank you for convened I want to ask a question and it may be of a very obvious question I'm asking but be grateful if you could answer it for me anyway and it's dealing with deficiencies arising from ukhimath withdrawal and I'm looking specifically a section 8 and it says regulations under subsection 1 me nought and it's the third point I want to ask you about create a relevant criminal offense because if we have pyro Farrow just we have a separate justice system in Scotland and I just wondered if you could explain what that means yes this is a carryover limitation from the present power in section 2 of the European communities act 1972 to implement EU law which allows criminal offenses to be created in broad terms where those offenses can only result in imprisonment of two years or less this is necessary because in very many cases the establishment of a regime under EU law or a set of regulations requires an enforcement mechanism to be attached to very often a regulatory offence is the most appropriate enforcement mechanism so this carries forward in effect into the fixing powers the identical provision that we currently have in our implementation powers for EU law and we require to do this and we feel it's a right thing to do to mirror what the existing provisions are okay that's helpful thank you for that okay I think we've exhausted our questions to get a small administer but Justin and closing the information that we hope to get back on equal treatment there they'll understand that his equal treatment legislation is included in the list of non registered common frameworks we may be required can you maybe give us some information on that as well when you write back tears on on the other aspects perhaps it's more appropriate I do that because just explain what that list is there were up until last Thursday for three categories of three buckets to quote professor Tompkins there was the one that said we don't require to do anything at all there was the one that said we require to do something but it's not going to be legislative and there's one that says we're going to require legislation we think definitely but we think now we've been doing what are called deep dives on this between officials in London and in Edinburgh and in Cardiff and they've been looking at each topic to see where we are with that and that's why the definitions have been reached the UK last Thursday without any notice to us and indeed even without giving ministers the paper produced a new paper on this which was more complicated had more information but also created a new category and the fourth category is a category of items that they believe are reserved now they take on some of the items we had already agreed into the three cat who's taking those out and put them into the fourth category we don't accept that but in the instance of transparency would not only urge them to publish this which they did last Friday morning but yesterday I wrote to all members to explain the differences that we have with that list and they are the same as in broadly where the difference is that they welsh have the category you are talking about is a category that that means there are either existing arrangements in place or there are arrangements could be put in place which would not require legislative action these should not then be frozen or re reserved in any way and should continue to function but that is presently only at the agreement of the UK government there is no need for us to consent to that and that is the very heart of the dispute and that would apply to this power to any power in that list or to any other power okay on that note to think and all you have to go off to another committee minister and we're very grateful for you and your officials time this morning thank thank you very much I'm going to suspend committee no to go into private session we have a barrier breaks or quite comfort breaking back in your seats | The Scottish Parliament | UCMfSH3HULOeoeEbxHkqF21A | 2018-03-15 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 8,587 | 46,622 |
-3gftmrCGsg | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-3gftmrCGsg | Christian Counseling | Lecture 10: BC210-CC-20240215 | okay welcome back um we start off with the question yes Prince the whole process of counseling is to ident like especially now as we are doing this it's like we're trying to uh explore the problem of a person and try to give them uh make him understand what is the solution he can take it can we also counsel ourselves by our own if you're able to ask the right questions you you may not be able to counsel you can explore a lot of things yourself but uh it may be limited because you're in the thick of those emotions so it's always helpful to get support from somebody else who is able to see things a little bit more objective what sorry writing yeah yeah you shouldn't just think you're right you should maybe right yeah they have that ability and skills see but uh so what does a counselor help to do is they are able to keep aside the emotions and help you with the questions to let you think in a certain direction when I am dealing with a problem and I'm so filled with an emotional space to keep aside that emotions and think rationally takes a little bit of effort so I may not be able to do that because I'm so steeped in that emotion that time but then when I'm in when there is someone else they are able to be more objective than I am and that's why it's helpful to have a they're not involved in that those the feeling of those emotions right now I'm feeling it and I'm also trying to uh navigate that but it it is it can be done if you if you're able to calm yourself and give yourself some time and say okay I'm feeling like this let me let me give myself a few days to think and that's what a lot of us do right we we try and work out our problems ourselves right so that's what we all do okay all right so we were at um we were at Gold sorry I think move a slide sorry now is it moving sorry I didn't move the slide so sorry okay so um so in the previous previous what did we see we said that to to clarify those problem feelings right so I think what we need to understand in Dennis here is um that this his argumentative Behavior his aggressive behavior that poor uh emotional um responses the poor relationship with his Professor um the the low self-esteem his problem with authority all came out of that negative emotion of Anger of resentment and probably a poor relationship with his parents so we we understand that that's what all of this is stemming up from uh so the next thing is like we said we are identifying the goal oriented or the problem Behavior that's what we are attempting to do to identify what that problem behavior is now when you when you see this the what is his goal if if you see his his chosen goal is that he needs something to help him cope with his disappointment and an and what is that good thing he found was alcohol so that is his chosen Behavior chosen goal so what you're attempting to do through through this conversation is to see if he's open and the willingness to change the goal post okay because right now taking to alcohol could be something to get even with his father right so if he takes alcohol will he fulfill his father's dream of becoming an engineer so in in some way his behavior actually is not really doing what his father wants isn't it he's getting into alcohol he's doing badly in college so he's definitely not going to fulfill his father's dream but he hasn't realized that it's not going to fulfill even his dream right so he's come to a place of destroying himself so much that maybe his authorities will throw him out of college right so in a very uh unconscious way he's attempting to destroy life for himself maybe he's not really conscious but it's coming out of that negative emotions that negative space all right so that's what you're identifying to figure out what what his current behavior is and we see that his behavior to in order to cope with something negative he has used alcohol so once you have got that you the next thing that you're doing is you're identifying the wrong beliefs or the wrong strategies that are underlying the problems you're actually looking at what is the wrong belief that he has so maybe some of his beliefs are like this my father does not love me he doesn't care about my wishes probably that's a wrong belief right or alcohol will help me get over my pain or disappointment or being a rock band s rock band singer will make me a fulfilled person so all of this uh is something that you want to come to a place to highlight so he can begin to identify what is he that what is it that he's pursuing so the main goal of exploration in this area is to understand what is wrong with this belief that is actually driving Dennis and that comes only when you you empathize with him and bring up probably the question is what do you think this disappointment does to you so he may say I know I'm disappointed because I'm disappointed I don't have anything else to do so I take in alcohol and I know that will hurt my father right so you so there may be this and these beliefs are not something he's going to openly tell you but then as you explore is what he's is going to do so what you're doing is you it's important that once you have an idea about these wrong basic beliefs you are able to build a greater picture of what he wants so over here itself you see that there is a lot of issues with self-esteem correct there's remember those three things value security um security significance and self-worth self-worth significance uh security so here you can see there is a lot of issues with the with the fact of his own self-worth okay so we identify the problem feelings we identify what the behavior has been we identify the beliefs that are there behind this this basic behavior and what are you doing next Once you have identified this is next you are helping them to personalize the problem what does personalize the problem mean to take responsibility of their own situation all right so what you are helping your couny do is to become aware that he is also a part of that problem okay and you're not saying that saying hey Dennis you are a part of your own problem that's not how you bring it up about but the more that you address his feeling the more that you're able to address the thoughts behind it he probably comes to this statement I am disappointed that I was not allowed to follow my dream and I need something to help me cope although I know alcohol is not the answer but I can't help it anymore right so what have you done he's begun or you've bought him to a point where he has been able to personalize his problem to say that I am wrong so often it is true that as human beings we always blame others when something goes wrong who did he blame here his father his father right so he's blamed his father now if you are going to stand alongside with him and blame his father too you're not helping him but that does not mean you support the father also okay yeah so so okay in a conversation you may you may say something like you know you feel disappointed because your father had these expectations on you okay so so in that way you're showing him that he is he says yes I'm really upset with my father right so my next question would be is having understood or having known that you that your father has expectations of this of you if there was something you could do to change your own situation what would you do so father when you talk to the father that time you ask the father what he can do so there you're giving a suggestion right so what am I what the question is saying if you could change the situation in some way what would you do so he say maybe I should talk to my father right or he'll say uh I know alcohol is a problem I need to get out of this got that yeah so you are moving him to make a choice to make a decision about something okay so the meaning of personalizing is to helping them become aware of their own problem so to explore how they are a part of their own problem all right if we finish Fast we'll probably do a a role play I'll Be The Counselor one of you but I need somebody to be a counsel and and we can I can help you to see how the questions move in such a way that will help you personalize and think about it okay so we we'll try yeah otherwi it's not counseling it is uh advice giving isn't it right so you're helping them getting them to look deep in themselves to find out what is causing the problem so Dennis my anger my irritation is causing the problem why because I'm angry with my dad and for that what am I doing I'm probably doing doing this I need to realize that okay I'm there you keep trying so that now that is a belief if me as a counselor I believe that Anand will never get it that is the way that I believe about you and so the way that I help you is going to be like that but then I will say huh sorry yeah but so that's what I'm saying it really matters the attitude that I have towards you so if I say even if Anan 10 times I talk to him if he if he still thinks he can't do anything about it I know that he can do something about it I believe that he can do something he has God has given him the ability the idea the thoughts to think so the more what will I do I'll keep pushing you with questions till a place you come and say I shouldn't give up it's like helping the other person think that do it exactly so I'm going to bring you to that place to say it is it's only in your hands that you can think about what is the next thing you can do you use your resources say maybe I'll go back to God and pray I said wonderful because that's what you decided to that's what you will do because if I say you should SE the Lord yeah yeah right right you because it didn't come and ma'am like we know like we can't give suggestions but we only help them to seek the solution for them but what if they are in a place that they want to only ask for what you want me to do like instead of we telling them what you want to do what if they are in a place of asking us what I have to do now will come they will say I've come to you you tell me what to do right so but that is that's something that we need as a counselor needs to understand that is the pattern of people that's how generally people I don't want to think you tell me and then tomorrow what happens they'll blame you I didn't do that that that the counselor told me to do so I did it that's that is the normal tendency of people right so when someone ask me what do you think I should I should do I said I'd like to hear from you what would you like to do first I say I don't know I said think a little bit take some time to think give it a day to think it's very important that you don't suggest something see you can again when I say suggestions in later on you will see there are something sometimes you you can bring about suggestions but not say you should do this what you could say is there are certain certain thoughts or certain ways some of this can be worked out one is this or one is that one is this uh is this something you'd like to look at or do you have something else you can give an option like giving there is Biryani there is fried rice there is lime rice there is pulare which of would you like this or do you have a third fifth one that's possible but you don't say you know you should be able to do this yeah so so that that is correct and that's what people do but as a counselor your your basic profession is to help them to help themselves so you're teaching them how to fish even though it is hard even though it takes 10 15 sessions you stick by it yeah yeah it is work it's a lot of work okay so where we yeah so we said uh getting them to personalize their problem bringing them to a place of of identifying that they are equally playing a part in the problem all right now once they have identified that the next thing you're doing is you're encouraging them to personalize the problem and the goal together so what does that mean you are helping your counsil to assume responsibility for what he's doing yes I am drinking alcohol and also establish a new goal and I want to form the right goal okay so you are getting them to play to a place where they say yes I'm contributing to this but I also want to uh to find a way to do something other than alcohol so for example I realize that alcohol is not the solution to take away my anger or disappointment but working to pursue my dream while I train to be an engineer so what is his new goal and to pursue his dream that's his new goal right so he you've bought him through the conversation to a place which he only said he only said you would say no you forget become a rock band you only do that no he only said I've understood that alcohol is not something that can help me but I want to work towards this so you've you've attached personalized the problem that is I am the problem I know alcohol is my problem but and you've attached the goal Francis are you here uh come back uh and I want to be an engineer or I want to be this by pursuing my dream so you have helped to attach both together okay okay got that so in problem exploration what all are we doing the first is an assessment yeah the second is uh you are you are doing the problem identification so first of all you identify the significant negative feelings that are there identify what the behavior is helping them personalize the goal and personalize the goal personalize the problem and then the goal together Francis where are you you're here okay all right any questions if not I think we will probably um do a few role plays so that we'll try and as I'm doing that I I'll probably help you to uh understand this process yes Francis give me a question so like on counselor when to another one counselor do for counseling like I'm said like regarding Prince brother question like you said like it can't be like self is not POS yeah is not much possible so like my question is like this one counselor is going to under counselor for a counseling but uh but this person know everything yeah about counseling how that person is going to do and all so how it will be effec how that person will counil this person like yeah like uh this person know everything like what the method and all but still just take the thought he's going through on thought so counselor is this is like what what what what so he's thinking like okay I know everything I'm not able to overcome that that's what you are saying so in case of that situation like how the another counselor can take the position like how to counil that kind of situation for if there is one counselor going to the other counselor they're going willingly because they're not able to manage their their uh situation not because they know everything and then they're going isn't it so yeah okay so the process is not the only thing that matters it's the skill that matters also how you are leading those questions how you are helping to personal it's not just the process you know I'm not saying right now to okay I'm going to explore now I'm going to understand now we will do action it's not like that it's through the skills that a person is being helped right so the process may be same but the skills is what really helps a person to share a lot more okay all right yeah psych it's a part of it counseling is a part of psychology comes within that okay so will one of you all think of a problem I'm going to ask my online students because it makes it much more easier to relate here maybe the next we could I could if we have time we could do a second uh role play with someone on the online platform yeah anyone who wants to think of a not too serious a problem something uh no so that it doesn't get you know to because I want to help you all see this um see what I'm doing here and that's why I said you know not too much of a anybody an is thinking hard for a problem it Francis you don't want to talk no no someone be willingly I'm not going to call anybody someone willingly when you are counselors I will call you now you're a coun what huh top yeah so you should come with something you want to talk about maybe it is uh problem don't no no no no make it your personal problem not somebody else's oh not personal at least it's your problem oh okay so you can talk if you're okay to talk about it talk about it yeah I may ask you because I need to understand details so you should be you should be okay to share publicly in this forum mik mik use the mic yeah if okay so if you want to assume you can assume or something that nobody knows or whatever leave it to you all okay take the mic have to say the topic again you me okay hello ma'am good morning good morning you no it's okay let them assume me okay okay hi friends night see you how are you doing uh hello yeah I'm doing okay so since I know you you wanted to talk to me about something what are you hoping to see uh as an outcome from our conversation what would you like to see changed as an outcome as a result um I'm hoping uh to see uh answers or a help how I can deal with things going something that's a little challenging right yeah actually it is um so if you did have these answers to is the problem that you have in mind uh how would you be different uh I would be so free I would be so happy okay uh I will not uh feel so distressed so you would be free you would be happy you would be you wouldn't be distressed yeah okay all right so um what are some signs that will tell you world that will show you that you are happy and uh free without this problem if there this problem wasn't there you said You' be happy and free right so what is one thing that you will notice about yourself if that problem isn't there one one thing you would do if this problem wasn't there one thing I'll do you would do if this problem was not uh I'll be jumping around maybe you'll be jumping around conversing uh with people jumping uh I'll be a lot more socialize actually okay so I understand that there is some concern that you have with right now with talking to people that you've kept yourself away from other can you rep the question have you kept yourself away from other people right now uh not so much but yeah okay all right so could you tell me what is it that you are going through uh I don't know how to put it actually but uh I'm not feeling like uh completion of wholeness inside and uh it it was actually I feel like I'm so dry so Dr dry and I'm just only seeing things what I can't able to do that was making me distress so you you feel you lack the energy you kind of enthusiasm yeah you're only to see the the negative things of life and what has brought you to this point of feeling that what has made you feel what has created that so here what what did I do until the previous I have not come to the place of understanding what the problem is but I did something prior to that what did I do exploring and i' and I'm I've identified that he's his feeling his problem feeling I've identified right he said he's distressed he's unhappy he has no energy no Zeal so I'm trying to figure out what is causing that okay that's what I'm doing right now okay so remember here I'm not going through the general chronology you you've noticed that right okay yeah you're still thinking H that's why I said you should have some real thing because other you will have to create something made you feel okay so what is it that's brought you to this place unenergetic enthusias oh uh low self-esteem maybe I think I can't make it or not having that energy to pursue and sustain what actually like so you say that you have certain thoughts about about not being able to do something you feel not good enough yes whatever comes your you're not you don't have the ability to do these are the thoughts do you keep thinking about these thoughts no I do I do what did I do what came here huh ah so look back what did the basic beliefs what is his belief I can't do I'm not good enough this is his belief right so I he said it but then just the questions have okay so um I'm sure that makes you feel um um very low very disappointed at yourself when you come across things and you feel right has there been any event or any situation that made you feel like this what do you remember which is the first situation or event you went through that made you feel like this that you were good for nothing you can't do things you can you can make up one you don't have maybe you fail in your stand it's just just privacy I can't uh drive car very well okay so you attempted to Le how to drive a car but but you failed do okay how many times did you try that uh I like to Dy Drive okay but every time I drive car I draw I make some mistakes and that actually makes me I'm not very good at it or I can fully P Drive properly so every time you attempted to drive a car and you fail it has reinforced that belief that you're good for nothing or you can't do anything and you don't and because that becomes a a statement that you keep thinking about oh yeah you can't do anything that I can't drive properly so has this affected you in any other area of your life uh emotionally how I uh see myself in other areas also where there are some challenges or some tasks needed like it affects on my uh strength or how I see my potential in other things so this has actually displac to even other areas of your life where you say when there are other tasks maybe at work or at college when you have to do some tasks you're actually doubting yourself yeah how do you feel about uh um about about the task that you can't do what what is the feeling that comes to you when you're not able to perform or do the tasks that's given to you outside of driving when it has when it affects you in other areas what do you feel uh maybe I was not uh for it like it's not something that job that I can do but it's for someone else but I was called to do and also maybe I need to build how to do it uh I have to learn more how to do those things actually what what happened here what's he doing now he's only come to a place of saying maybe he said even in the other task I don't find I don't I'm not confident to do maybe I should learn it maybe I should try he's only done it he's only come up to his own goals okay yeah no no that's only the beginning we haven't finished okay great so so that so that's good so if in these tasks that you have to can you give me an you are not expecting you would answer that see so so that's what I meant through the conversation through the uh questions counselers will come up to a point of beginning to understand what they need to do right okay so uh Prince one example of an area that you have struggled with not the driving not the driving case but any other place you have struggled with you telling me about the St right so give one example any recent example uh like sorry like any other or is it related to other task that we you said you said that the task the driving affects your thought about your abilities which is also affecting the way that you do other tasks right you feel under confident those one example of those any one example managing my finances managing your finances yeah okay all right okay so so do you feel even in managing do you think we can't do it you're not confident in managan uh I feel like I can't handle it properly or use it wisely you can't okay and you said you told me earlier it's something that you you want to learn how to do is that something you want to learn how to do yes so if you needed to manage your finances whose head would you need got but like from here maybe I think maybe my mom okay maybe someone who is well known and it like how to manage finances someone like a financial manager or someone yeah final consult right okay so if you needed to take their hand what would you need to do have to go in consult with them talk with to go what would you requ if you need to go cons like uh what I require is uh first about them I want to know like how they do with their finances uh and what I require is their address number so you you need to know where they are okay that I know their address but if they are there and you are here if you need to go talk to them what effort would you need to take I have to go and take an appointment to talk with them so when you take an appointment with this Financial Consultant what will it tell you about yourself oh I feel vulnerable that uh that he may Judge Me based on how I spend my expenses you are sorry like I feel vulnerable and I feel vulnerable judge you yeah how iing at how you man your expenses okay so so despite feeling that vulnerability what's giving you the confidence to actually go to not a confidence but hope that I will find my solution maybe it will help help me now in all that you are you're planning to do what does it show you about your confidence can you repeat the question you said you have to find you would talk to your mother you will talk to a Financial Consultant it is vulnerable for you to actually go and talk to him about it but despite that you are you want to do it so what does it tell you about your confidence uh I'm not that much weak to go and seek for help you're not that strong how did you realize like before uh it's hard for me to even go and speak about my problem seek for help but now I take a step so when you take a step you build your strength little by little yeah so if you needed to take the same principle that you told me your finan your driving class or in driving How would how would you do that different I'll join driving class you join driv class and what do you think will happen once you join class uh I will learn more skills um maybe I will acknowledge the mistakes that I have done okay and what I have to correct uh actually that makes me feel first happy relieve relieve me from the distress and also it yeah it kind of a healing when I see and it also makes me like I can do so what is the new you I can do everything is possible okay so you I said right so it it matters on how you question all right and in this one I didn't need to do too much of an assessment yeah so each so this is maybe one problem tomorrow he may come with something else that's because the questions find you will be able to find out when it is something that is personal you will be able to find out what it is that's why I said The more personal it is the more meaning it makes others you really have to imagine something uh of sorts okay so that's that's that's that's what skills are you know and that's why you need to practice it and this can't be just it's not a theory where you say okay 10 questions you ask this it's not that way because every person who's talking will be very very different no no no in in your own own way okay someone else wants to try anyone on online wants to try minutes on ch ch hot seat for okay anybody anyone online who Vikram who did you say big trouble you want to chir would you like to bring up one small problem so we can talk about it no chir said no okay okay there are everyone's voting for people over here okay because next few classes you are going to be the counselors and I'm going to be the counsel okay so take the opportunity right now to pick up more ideas we have seven minutes yeah [Music] okay you want me tot on no I don't know what the question ready hi ma'am how are you doing good ma'am doing yes ma'am you you come discuss something with yes ma'am but but I don't know what to discuss like I'm going through lot of confusions ma'am you're going through a lot of confusion yes ma'am okay so see when I'm listening the class this type of distractions some sounds are coming that is my problem I'm not able to concentrate on classes ma yes ma'am so first I need to solve out this problem like after that if I'm not concentrating Al I don't have problem but after that I'm regretting about I didn't concentrate on that that you're not able toate like you should be yes ma'am sometime I'll get angry also myself I did like that what would you like to see I don't have any idea you don't have idea what do you think that's nothing is coming take what you want to in opposite of that concentration so you want to con yes ma'am so if you able to concentrate tell me how would you feel I won't feel any time i'm concentrate when you are able suppose you're able to conate class you're able to listen not be distracted once you finish go out what would you feel when able to I'll feel a freshness of M something you feel you fresh what that's all messing with the people talking with the people chilling so you will be more free to talk to people because you've been able to concentrate your class yeah no no not because of that I like that like fully exploring and all but while coming into the classes and all like keeping silent and lot of distractions lot of thoughts will come to mind okay yeah okay so you're saying if you're able to concentrate outside you would be more free you would be able to interact with others you be able to do more things because this is on your mind you're not you don't feel too good about things yes okay so you said uh when you're not able to concentrate you have distractions and you said you have thoughts would you share with me what are some of the distractions that come to you when you stay with class I don't know even in single time single difference it's okay so what is the distraction you had to sometime I will play drums on my knees sometime I will go to some different world you go to yeah so you move away from this another you're thinking about something yes yes drums on your knees anything drums keyboard guar everything will be coming everything will come okay all right and what are the thoughts that come to you it's like past events like how I am in school time my friends in my home and mostly I will irritate people who is sitting bid of me so you don't let them no okay so so you said Thank you you've been very honest and I'm sure it's not easy to to address some of this right but but you've been able to do so you said uh thoughts come you're distracted and you tend to distract others as well right yes ma' okay now uh if you were to look at do you understand the meaning of trigger you understand okay what is it that creates to thought what begins suppose I had my class today with you right what started the distraction that music came behind of me so the music behind you caused the distraction yes yes okay what because of that I went different world you went some yes is if there is external noise it disrupts you yes today there was the drum what about the first hour the first hour happen what is the distraction then first what about second class assignment sorry second class assignment you were distracted about what you should do yes something you have not done so that not because of done what I will write about that assignment that is a reason so that was the distractive thought my question is what began that dis how did you go to think about that when your teacher was teaching in the first class what made you think about that there is no particular reason ma'am somehow okay I'd like you to think about okay because that's what we caller is like for example you said the sound come and so you're thinking of something else right I went from the concentration so I went to sound and from there I went there just like this sound distracted you AER asking in the first hour when you thought about the second class assignment what was the trigger then hopefully I'm I'm thinking like that on a particular point I didn't understood something what the lecture said that is the reason maybe I went so maybe something that the lecturer is saying you didn't understand so you went another world so you two distractions one is maybe noise second is when someone is talking you're not able to understand what they saying then you get right Identify two triggers any other triggers not much to say but somehow it will go okay so sometimes bom can become a trigger yeah is that Trigg for you your you're sitting in classroom it's very boring I won't get boring huh I won't get boring no the class is B yeah that's what that's what I'll simply sit now Isis talking about triggers yes what is your trigger so you said one is noise yeah boring is not a trigger for so you said Is You understand what the lectur said okay now if there's something that you could do differently when you hear this noise what would you like to do different what do you think can be something you begin to do different this noise that will you to focus beating myself that's all sorry beating to myself that only you beat yourself no no I I I can't come back to the position of focusing because I'll be in somewhere say if there was one thing you could do the smallest thing you could do to come back to focus when these drugs are what I didn't try to till now no no no but when I will come back at when the interest topic is coming toic com talking how did you ATT to what I was asking because I saw that you were able to drama because I'm talking to you because engaging with me yes so when you're engaging with something are you able to bring your concentration back in middle also I went I'm talking to you but I went then I came back okay yeah but you you were able to to do it a little bit is that right yes yes so the next time you hear a sound like this what is one way you can engage with your teacher or you can engage to come back now sound stops now sound stops no idea what I will do now sound stopped so I don't know what the drum sound again it's just but you still able to have a yes yes yes because I'm feeling free like like you are talking to me so that's what I said I'm engaging with you so you understood that when you able to engage with something or some then the distraction is much lesser yes yes is that you yes so how can you I'm asking how can you useing to bring to I don't have any idea you don't now who do you think anyone needs who do you think in your mind can change this for you who can change this situation for you have ni bro maybe he can help me because we are in like good relationship and whenever I'm studying he will be sitting with me if I'm losing my concentration he will do something yeah no no no no yes yes yes in who's the best will sneeze then they'll come back no no no normally like she will do something something like more than me what I'm doing so I will get to concentration depence on people to bring you back to contion yeah is there anyone else yeah like who is like what I went I I I went through the situation but like one like friends are there to help me like concentrate and all yeah now can help me like apart from all of these others can help you better only God can do yeah yeah he is Almighty then I to go to theology no like God is Almighty he can do whatever he want to do so he can help me to so what are you going to ask to help you give me the concentration okay what is it that you may need to do to get that help I didn't got that question do you need to do to get that help from God I need to what I need to do I don't know maybe I pray what are some strategies bring is one is one right what are other strategies or methods or ways if you uh if there was something you could do to help yourself pay attention in class like you said the noise is come you notice the noise there so if you needed to come back what should you notice over here to help you come back normally I'll keep a candy with me I will chew and all and so say have a cand no like normally because of that will be I will be awake my mind will be awake from other thoughts okay is there anything that you can do with your senses with your mind with your ears with your with your eyes with your hands that can help you no my physical body always will be here like if you set me to write I'll be writing but my thought will be somewhere else okay so you said when you're writing how do you pay attention because like you are saying I'm writing so does that help you keep you concentrated mostly not when you're writing no I'll be like I tried that way but I slept but I slept in that I lost every focus and my handwriting became only one line so it's not working for me so your one of the strategies you said is to get others to Second strategy you said is you actually ask for yes yes so what I've asked you to probably think about is if you could do something to help yourself get back into concentrating in class that's something that that you you still need to export you never I've not had strategies to do that you said you try writing but that has not but you got two Clues you said one that the class is boring and when there is external noise so if you needed to cut off your external noses and keep focused on what your teacher is saying uh what may be one thing that you could try to cut off external noise I close my eyes I can listen close your eyes I can listen you can concentrate yeah I can concentrate Wonder so how many strategies you one candy always is not possible because my friends are there they will ask me for candy then which one I'm bringing I need to give back so C yes yes yes yes so would you uh look at evidence of trying these four things in the next week and next week when I come you tell me how it went yes I will surely I will let you know thank you so much thank you thank you all thank you so much for God Bless yeah we we're all right thank you thanks bye-bye | APC Bible College | UC52c9qC4SgnvxusSQrMF2UQ | 2024-02-15 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 7,448 | 37,433 |
1JbWnvFZw14 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1JbWnvFZw14 | Intro to Canvas for trades-apprenticeship programs. | okay for those of you just coming in I think bridget is just coming in Brian Brian's just coming in Bridget's coming in this meeting is being recorded we're gonna we're gonna take a few minutes and talk about what you can do with canvas and then we will take questions and then we will talk about how to go about using canvas so I'm gonna start sharing my screen now and let's see somebody just somebody just tried to come in where it's awesome I lost my screen oh there it is manage participants admit okay all right so when when you use canvas the students would type in their s ID number which is like a nine digit number starts with a nine instructors faculty would type in their their login credentials would be their email address and every one of you I'm assuming most everybody here is a coordinator all your instructors should have in South Seattle colleges email address whether they are aware of it or not my guess is is that they're not aware of it at all and they have never used it which was the case with me when I taught in the ironworkers apprenticeship the whole time I was an employee of South Seattle college and I never had an idea because my check came from the JATC so first thing is your instructors are gonna have to get a they're gonna have to get their login credentials for their South Seattle account in order to access their canvas account okay so when they log into canvas they're gonna see this and on the left-hand side of the screen here where my cursor is there's a number of functions you can click on courses or this screen right here this screen right here is my dashboard and right here is just basically a list of all the different classes that I have either that I teach or that I have access to as an administrator or as a students on the right-hand side I have a to do list I have a number of projects that I have to grade for my students so I'm going to click this and I've got a different it's the same classes that are in my dashboard just a different format let's go to right here this is my WFT 111 class it is materials and testing basically metallurgy and in my classes I have everything arranged in a linear format in what's called modules so at the top we've got announcements on the left-hand side we've got course navigation and I'm going to go to student view so you can see what our students see so this is what a student in my class is gonna see why this this and this are up there I have no clue I need to disable those and get rid of them because I don't like students clicking on things that have no function that get them lost anyway so this is what a student's gonna see they're gonna see a start here button and I click on this and this is the syllabus for the class when I talk the apprenticeship they really didn't the syllabus wasn't as meaningful as it is as a college instructor it's basically a contract between the instructor and the college and the students when I taught the apprenticeship it was not a kinder gentler time we've referred to our apprentices as punks and that was on a nice day things have changed and I think they are changing for the better let's see so I've got everything arranged in modules so these are important documents there is a little tutorial that I've put in here on how to use canvas and a student would click on this and there is a link actually a video - and once they watch the video they can either go back to the home page where the list of modules were or they can click Next and it takes them to the very next page in those in that module so it's for those of you that have a little bit of computer savvy a module would be like a folder on your paper and the pages would be like files so this module right here is like a folder and each one of these assignments files whatever are like files in that folder so next week we have a scaffolding assembly quiz we have an oxy fuel torch quiz mechanical shear safety quiz drill press quiz osius of part J welding safety quiz so in this class the first week is all made up of safety stuff and for instance the scaffolding assembly quiz I've went on YouTube I found a Sun Belt sorry about that I found a Sun Belt radio Maran rentals video on how to assemble and safely use one of their rolling scaffolds the same scaffold we use in our lab so I have the students watch the video it's about a it's a fifteen minute video and then they take the quiz they click on the button and I think I've got it set up I don't think anybody's waiting just admitted somebody I think this is set up so that the students can take a safety quiz twice and the questions or questions that I came up with the caster's are wheels for the scaffolding should a have no damage we have working locks or brakes have locking pins or all of the above of course it's all of the above and the student would click on the answers and then they would submit the quiz nice thing about canvas is canvas will automatically grade the quizzes if you set it up that way so current my current score is one out of ten and for an ironworker that's pretty much top of the class okay so once they finish their quiz they can go to the next quiz or the next and we I'm not gonna do that so and these are all settings that the the instructor can customize this course anyway they I don't want to say anyway they can customize this course to different formats different types of assignments and so forth my course this course right here I've set it up so that I've just taken my classroom lectures and did a video capture of me giving the lecture with a PowerPoint presentation and you know right here I'm talking about appeal and shear test welding test and it's closed captioned the as I put it on YouTube and it's a closed caption YouTube automatically called closed captions in and then after they watch the PowerPoint presentation that I am giving here I have them take the quiz and they I have like three questions related to the lecture just to make sure that they've watched the lecture and then this this one's only only has two questions then they submit the quiz and and then they can either go home and so this is how this is how I have my canvas page arranged this is what a student would see they can look at their grades please please please okay thank you and they have access to their grades I have went in and set the settings on the grades so that there's certain percentages some assignments have a higher weight for their final grade I think their final exam is worth fifteen or twenty percent of their final grade and so forth and that's all stuff that's customizable by the instructor so the instructor also has a grade book that they can look at that has all of the students and all of the individual grades for the students and also a final grade because this is being recorded well actually even if it wasn't being recorded I it's got students information on there I can't share it with you but that's that's one of the let's see let's get out of student view let's see reset student leave student view and [Music] nope don't want that don't want that don't want that okay thank you oh that would be bad okay so that's that is that's how I use canvas there's a number of ways to use canvas I use a lot of instructional videos because you know most of my students are visual learners they're kinetic learners they're not the bookworms that the math and English majors are you know we're welders so we're very kinetic we're very visual in our learning so I do a lot of video lectures I use a course called screencast-o-matic and to record it and my computer has a built-in webcam so I can record my powerpoints with my little talking head in the corner where I narrate the PowerPoint PowerPoint also has functions on the very bottom of a screen where you can click and you can draw on you can draw on PowerPoint which is a really cool feature so okay that is that's a little introduction of what you can use canvas for how it works any questions before I go into how to actually set it up how long did it take you to do all your setup work for all this seven years so I've been teaching online for two years before that I taught a hybrid format for a couple of years and when I started teaching adults 10 years ago I didn't know how to even do email so it's been a long time coming for me our College has a teaching and learning center that I went to constantly to get help tutoring because I'm an ironworker I'm not right okay so now I can take a course and I can set it up in about three days start to finish and that's and that's a three month long course so I tell people that are just getting started all you have to do is stay a week ahead of your students in you're fine okay there is a bit of tech savvy that I've picked up using powerpoints you know I had to learn how to use PowerPoint I'm guessing that a lot of your instructors are where I was several years ago or there may be a little more advanced than where I am so I don't know does that answer your question yeah yeah that sounds good okay yes so do we need to have the college or faculty staff administration whatever approve are whatever we come up with or is that is that just in-house for our like JATC stuff oh you're talking about curriculum and how the class is set up right like if we're gonna if we're gonna teach like if we're able to teach using canvas is it like I instruct her for the cement Masons so do we need to can we approve our own material or do we have to submit that to somebody in the college to approve excellent question I believe in academic freedom what I teach in my class is my business as long as it's relevant to the subject so yeah you're know I'm now I'm getting angry so yeah I mean no you're the subject matter experts the content belongs to the instructor into the JATC so you know as long as what I did was I just took what I was teaching in my classroom and put it online I'm the one that I even have the power to choose the textbooks well when I taught in the ironworkers we had our standard textbook curriculum that we taught from except for I want to say blueprints and my my coordinator came to me and said which blue you know I found this blueprint book would you like to use it and I yeah we'll use this so um no I you're what the instructors put online is going to be between them and the JATC or an or the coordinator so no the college doesn't have any any jurisdiction over that to my knowledge cool anything else before I show you how to get set up okay so now to get started we went to first thing I did was I logged in and I'm not gonna log in again because that takes about a minute and I really as much as I love killing time that's time I don't want to kill so once you get logged in I recommend that an instructor goes to their account which is this button right here and they're gonna want to go to profile I think that's the one nope that's not the one they're gonna want to go to settings and they're gonna want to make sure that their email address is correct because canvas is going to communicate with the instructor by email and email is how they're going to interact with canvas so they can they can edit their settings here they can change their their pin or their uh yeah pin that's that's first password passwords the word I'm looking for they can change the password in here and and this is in the settings so after they after they do theirs after they make sure that their email is correct and they got their settings if they want they can set up a profile in my profile at that little biography of myself and link to my people pages and I think I've got a link to my facebook page my taskbar is in the way yep I've got a link to my facebook page and that's not my personal Facebook page that's the big classroom College Facebook page and so I've got my little bio there got a little picture there your instructors can do that then they're gonna want to go to notifications so this is this is kind of important to me I have my computer on in my house 24/7 and my email is open 24/7 I have no life I that's probably not the way I should be but I have no life and whenever I get a whenever somebody does something on canvas I can set the notifications to let me know so here is the notification preferences we've got a notify me right away send me a daily summary send me a weekly summary or don't send me anything those are our four levels of notification so in course activities what happens in the class if there's a due date that's changed I've got don't send me anything I don't want to know because I'm the teacher grading policies don't notify me course content don't notify me files don't notify me don't send me anything is what I have selected for all those an announcement I want to be notified right away your instructors may want to be notified at you know at the end of the day I think five o'clock is when the notifications come out for daily and announcement created by me I don't want to be notified because I made the announcement I'm also a student in other canvas classes so I want to be notified right away when I get graded for an assignment that I submit so I've got I've chosen notify me right away blueprint sync I have no no clue what that is so I I don't want to notified about it I'm probably missing out on a lot of money there but I don't want to be notified about it I don't know what it is discussions I want to be notified at the end of the day discussion post end of the day conversation message yeah I want to be notified that by that about that immediately scheduling no not interested groups not interested alerts so that's how I have my settings so your instructors are gonna want to customize their settings I'm not sure what the defaults with canvas is I'm gonna guess that it's probably not what they want so they're gonna want to go in their account they're gonna want to go into settings and make sure the email is correct your one ago they're gonna want to go into profile and put a little bio in there and whatever links they want put a picture up there just to be a little more human to the students they're gonna want to go into notifications and set the preference their preferences as to how canvas is gonna notify them of changes so that's that's under the instructors Account dashboard we've already looked at dashboard please okay so the dashboard is gonna have announcements at the top please it's gonna have a list of their classes both in this tile format or you can go to this is my preference here courses right here and I'm going to go to this we've got groups which is another setting where if you know if I had 50 students and I wanted to put them in work groups like of five I can split them into work groups of five and this would list them calendar all your assignments automatically populate the calendar inbox is another form of email communication just for canvas Commons is where your instructor can and look for people that are teaching the same class who have taken that class and posted it to share it so I've put sun there there are some welding classes on there and I've put some of my welding classes in Commons and if I wanted to get more content or new content or more ideas I would go to Commons and look in comments at how other instructors have set up their classes or some of the content they have in their classes and then right here at the bottom is help an instructor can click on this and there are a number of guides or instructional tutorials let's say that they don't know how to change a setting somewhere maybe we go to help and they would type in information about that setting and it's like Google search but it's specific specifically for how to use canvas so I find that's helpful as well / I work in the teaching and learning center as instructional support and instructors come to me and ask me questions if I don't know the answer this is where I go and I try to find the answer in there before I have to start getting creative to figure it out though sometimes I actually move up the chain to more experienced people or my supervisor but you know I try to figure it out myself first so courses so that's all the navigation here my to-do list my login page so I'm gonna go to template for demo and when your instructor gets a brand-new class say it's say it's for tile setting cement Mason scaffold erectors whatever they are going to get a course given to them that is basically empty so this right here is my empty my empty course so the first thing I want to do I can either create it from scratch every page I type in every letter and I would go this route or if I want to take an existing class I can download that existing class now in this case what I'm going to do is I'm going to yeah I'm gonna do it so I'm gonna copy a canvas course and the course I want is template template for canvas courses and this is you know I want to all content I don't want to just to do I don't think there are any due dates on it and now I'm importing it now the cool thing is is that Seattle colleges district has they have some instructional designers at I want to say North and Central who have gotten together and they've given it to us to share as well we may have tweaked it but it is a a ready-made canvas course so it's all set up in modules it's all set up with different stuff all the instructor has to do is add instructional material to it and it's it's it's really a big time saver so I forget who it was I think it was Matthew that was asking me earlier what kind of time frame it was to set up a class this is a huge time saver so it's completed it's been uploaded and now I'm gonna go to the home page please thank you so we have our home page set up already it is full of modules we have module 0 getting started we have a an announcement we've got module 1 we can either set it up week 1 or chapter 1 or unit 1 whatever the instructor prefers we've got module 2 week two chapter two unit to whatever the instructor wants they can change that same thing here so this is all set up ready to go for your instructor so know what the instructor wants to do is they they get this template and they're going to let's say they want to change this they're gonna go to these little three dots click on that and they're gonna edit this and they can change I'm gonna change this there I added an exclamation point it's different now and then I but I don't like that so I'm gonna cancel that no I'm gonna update it or I can I can also change things in there I can make sure that the students have to move through it in sequential order so they have to complete everything step by step before they can move on to the next we can add a different requirement let's see I can lock it I can make sure to keep students from working ahead which is pretty important if if you're making this up as you go it's very important that you don't let the students get ahead of you you need to stay a week ahead a week ahead of them so you can lock the let's see today's okay we can lock this until he let's see five o'clock p.m. on that day and now the students can't get in there until 5 o'clock on April 30th so that's that's a pretty cool feature right there I'm gonna get rid of that get rid of that and I'm actually gonna cancel all of us so this right here the whole module or the folder or the unit whatever you however you want to describe this package of information can be locked until a certain certain date you can change the title of it you can require them to go through all the contents step by step you can require them to complete the module the previous module before they get started on this one so a lot of flexibility there let's now course information I'm going to click on course information oh that's just a heading oh ok so welcome ok so this is a welcome the instructor would type in their message here if they they can customize any of this and how they would do that is they would go to this edit button right here and now they have the ability to edit this they actually have the ability if they click on this they can record a video message right here and I don't know how this is gonna do with zoom I hit start recording and it would hijack my camera so I'm not going to do that but your instructors can actually record a video message just by pushing this button right here they can set up a link to a YouTube page or some online if they have internet materials teaching materials like a lot of our automotive instructors are using a third party curriculum that's already set up and they just have a link to a URL there where the student clicks on it takes it right there to them so this can be modified so I'm gonna cancel that I'm gonna save anything and I'm gonna go back here thank you okay so of course information that's just a heading I've never used those in my class that's why I kind of caught me by surprise sorry I'm supposed to know everything but I don't I mean ironworker remember I I don't know much so this right here this icon means it's a page okay this is another page this is a page this is another heading no content there this is another another page so all of these your instructors can modify by clicking on that page hitting the edit button in the corner and then reconfiguring what's in there they can upload a Word document they can link it to another page they can record a video they can embed a video from off of their computer files whatever this right here is a discussion so this right here you've got that little page with a little corner folded and then the type this sentence is written on there this is a discussion and when we go to a discussion this is its it works just like Facebook so you have a post right here and then you can click on this and put a reply in the students as long as the instructor set sets up the settings correctly the student can actually record their own video message and embed it there by clicking that button the student can add media files to it they can add a link so the students have just just as much power to create material as an instructor does to post it question okay what's that okay so again if I is the instructor I see this it's pretty generic these are instructions to me as the instructor so this is not what I want my students to see I want to change this so again I hit this edit button please it's okay and now for the original post I'm gonna stretch this out a little bit I can edit the content here if I have a word document I can copy it and paste it in here I can let's see I want to change this to boldface there now it's boldface if I don't like it in italics I can undo the italics just like a Word document all these little tools up here I can put bullet points in its I can number it I can change the size of the font I can record media if I want to just record a message and post in here I can embed a pic a picture math I'm not a math guy but if you want to do math stuff more math power to you I taught math once that was enough I can attach things I can post this to just certain people I can make it graded so if I click on this graded now I have I can say this is worth 100 points or a thousand points and display it as points percentage complete or incomplete letter grade GPS so I can change my I can change it into a graded assignment I can group it I can put it in for grading purposes I can put in different places I'm worried about that again I can set a due date for it in a time okay it looks like 11:59 p.m. so basically midnight um word of advice don't set things for 12:00 a.m. or 12:00 p.m. because I'm not sure which is which and I'm not sure canvas does and I'm not guarantee your students don't so if you want to do at midnight make it due at 11:59 if you want to do it noon make it due at 11:59 a.m. or 12:01 a.m. or 12:01 p.m. don't make it right at 12:00 because your students will never figure figure it out and I I don't know the difference in I'm not sure can business okay so that's let's cancel this so that is a discussion let's see very much very customizable modifiable modifiable is this word um and then quiz so we've got a discussion we've got a assignment let's go sign it this is tilted this is very user friendly but it's a lot of work tilted means it's transparency and learning and teaching basically it's a format where you explain exactly every little detail to the students why you're making this assignment what they expect to learn from the excitement what you want them to be able to do after they're done with the assignment how to do the assignment step by step an example of a good assignment an example of a bad assignment and you know how it's rated criteria for grading so Tilted is it's it's if you're a student it's awesome if your instructor it's a lot of work to get your assignments tilted so my goal is to have all my assignments tilted someday I have a couple that are not all of them are so I'm actually gonna go to next okay simply sign it okay so this is a simple assignment and you know instructions to complete this assignment do this do this do this and the instructor would change this by editing it grading criteria you can make what's called a rubric I did not know what a rubric was when I was a apprenticeship instructor I had to learn what that was when I moved to the college environment but it's basically a score chart you know if you do this this and this you get as many points if you so it's in formatted in a table and canvas has built in rubrics if your instructors want to utilize those so you know it has all of the information that the instructor would customize so I'm going to edit this so if I want please okay thank you I can let's say I'm gonna click on this and delete all this and I can take a word document and I can copy this word document and I can put this word document right in there and it even includes that my word document has links to youtube videos and canvas is really cool you just give it the link and it will populate here so that when you publish it all the students have to do is click on that video in it place again the instructor can change the number of points they they are going to give it a due date and Submission so this is this is a real important piece right here is how they submit it they can submit it online they can submit it through a text entry a website URL a media recording file upload let's say that a student has to let's say the carpentry stupid and you they have to demonstrate how to pull a nail without breaking the handle off the hammer and something I had to learn the hard way and I watch and I I feel guilty about admitting this but I learned it by watching carpenters um you know if you have you know you stick something into the head of the hammer so that it doesn't over so anyway if a student has to perform something and get a video of its demonstrating that they can actually give you a media recording or a website URL or file upload they can they can video that on their phone and submit it through a file upload and and then I'm gonna cancel all this and then when a student sees this there's a button up here on the assignment page where it has all the requirements for the assignment you have to do this this business or answer these questions there's a button here that says submit assignment they click on that and then the students have the option of text entry where they just type in answers they have the option of a file upload where they can get a file from their computer or their phone and upload it into the answer box they can give you a URL so a link to a website or something that they've posted their work on so there's there's a number of ways they can submit their assignments and it's you know I've had students submit homework on Facebook I had students turn out Word documents write the answers in take a picture of it and then upload that file saying yeah I've done my homework I've answered all these questions so there's an it's very flexible okay so that is a an assignment okay so we put the pages we looked at discussion posts we've looked assignments now we're going to look at a quiz okay so click on quiz a notice they're all pretty similar in how they're edited you know they've got the you know you've got the layout of the page here quizzes in this case edit and here is thank you you can put your instructions in here and okay again let's see let's let's change these instructions to read this does that makes much more sense to me okay so I've got the instructions updated the way I like them I put a due dates on there I I can make it a time limit I can limit the time you have 10 minutes to do this 50 question quiz I can allow them to take it twice I can let them see the answers or not see the answers I can have them show one question at a time I can have the answer shuffled so if they want to say all of the above probably not a good option for shuffle answers but you can have the answer shuffled so then if I can make questions so I can add a question and I can choose true/false multiple choice fill in the blank blanks multiple answers multiple dropdowns which is it's basically matching well that's matching Oh multiple dropdowns is you have a question and it's got multiple blanks that you fill in the answers to but you choose from it so it's like multiple choice for each question numerical answer so if you have math they can do a numerical answer formula essay question so I know a lot of people don't like multiple choice true/false but my contention is is that if it's a well written question with well-written answers and they are ordered correctly multiple choice is an excellent measurement of a student's understanding of subject matter because it's very objective it takes all the subjectivity out of it so in other words I don't have to think well they answer you know if you have a short answer question or an essay question um you have to think well you know the student has a point I was thinking the answer should be this but you know the student you've made a valid argument so now you're having to make judgment calls on whether the student was right or not so I'm not I'm not a big fan of short answer or essay questions when I want a specific answer essay question is fine short answer is fine if you want to measure what they know but if you're looking for a specific answer say I want to make sure they know this I'm a big fan of multiple choice the other benefit is let's say so here's my multiple choice question and this is the answer I want that's the wrong answer that's a wrong answer that's a wrong answer and add another answer and actually I'm gonna make this the correct answer so I click on this and I can edit the answer if I if I left some out I need to capitalize or changes and and then I update the question and now I have created a question I can now preview the test I'm gonna cancel this test because I don't want to change any I'm just showing you how this works so once once an instructor has done this a few times it gets real easy because all your assignments are edited the same way your discussion posts are edited pretty much the same way you are quizzes you know besides having the instructions and the settings and then the questions they're edited pretty much the same way with you know with the questions back home okay so let's see so we've looked at how to or what a page is what a discussion is what an assignment is what a quiz is and how to edit those so what your instructors learn how to log in to add content they do this a couple of times and they're you know they should be pretty well-versed in it I'm in the TLC I'm able to I'm available to help them when they have questions or stuck on something I'm also a big fan of going into settings and changing some of the navigation of the course so this is everything the student can see on this sidebar menu I like taking most of this and getting rid of it so the students don't see this stuff especially if I'm not using it's like I don't use the syllabus page I don't use prop though I don't use I don't have any of this stuff that I use so I take it out of the students option to go there so they don't get lost I like my course to have homepage announcements and grades and that's it people students can see who else is in the class attendance syllabus all that kind of stuff instructors can utilize those if they wish I I don't but anyway that's a introduction of what you can use canvas for and a pretty quick rundown of how to set it up questions yeah I got a couple questions yes I was just googling but I mean I have three questions the teaching-learning center that's it but the upper campus in West Seattle yes it is this quarter we are using what's called Lots live online teacher support and in your email invite that you got here there's a house in link two lots that's staffed during bankers hours Monday through Friday in a zoom environment like this so any any instructor the South which would be your apprenticeship instructors can utilize that Monday through Friday by clicking on that link and somebody will be in there waiting for them I'm excited when somebody clicks in because it's really boring just waiting okay I'd say next question how to get that blank template you are talking about with time so that will be supplied by South Seattle college our director of e-learning Sarah Newman I think would be the one to load that if it's not automatically loaded already your instructors may log in to canvas and find that ready and waiting for them I can't guarantee that but if not you know just send me an email sincerely an email and we can get it to them okay and then that refers me to the third and final question possible you said there's contacts at North and Central also for these blank templates or extra templates or programs they're the instructional designers I think it was primarily at Central were the ones that created the template so where is it template template for canvas courses they created the original template we liked it we copied it we modified it a little bit to have the South logo on it all that but they they just they just created it they set up all the modules in once once you've used canvas you can you can create that from scratch it's just the the advantage is is they sat down and actually entered all the all the little things and set it up truthfully it looks like there's a lot more it looks like there's a lot more there than there actually is they did one module and they just copied it over into they labeled it 0 1 2 3 4 5 but they want to set up on much wall so this is an answer all your questions that does thank you okay good good next question I'm gonna sing you don't want that I'm a little teapot so how do you keep if you're doing a test how do you know a keep the student from cheating like looking there's online and or you know if it's a closed book kind of test so I'm gonna go to okay I'm back on the settings page for the template course there is at the bottom something called honor lock and it's disabled I don't use it but the honor lock feature is a online test Proctor so what it does is it takes control of the students webcam and it watches them while they're taking the test it also monitors their online activity so they can't open up another window and search for information for answers unless the instructor goes in specifically says yeah they can go to this website to look for answers they can't go anywhere else and what it does is it monitors where the students head is so if the student does this it records it so it's recording the student so anytime the student does this a notification comes up and says hey we noticed you moved what are you looking at so it's it that's how online Proctor's function I've taken classes where I've had been subject to proctoring I had a little webcam that they they had me look around the room to make sure there was no cellphones or anything and then I had to position it off to the side so they can see my head they could see my hands they can see my keyboard and then they monitored the online activity so I could not open up another window they took control of my computer they verified that no other apps were running so you know now I don't utilize that myself all of my tests and quizzes are open book and open notes but they're pretty tough well it requires them I've written my my quizzes to require them to actually understand what they're reading and not just fill in the blank let me rephrase that the curriculums that are store-bought that I use for two of my classes are kind of fill in the blank --is-- they're multiple choice and it's more recall so it's lower level learning stuff I personally don't care for that the course that I wrote and created the curriculum my own self his higher level stuff where they have to actually understand and apply what they've learned to be able to answer the questions that's my blueprint class I'm pretty proud of that I was able to get the blueprints for a new building they put up on can campus I got the architectural prints I got these structural drawings and the erection drawings complete and I use those in the class but anyway I'm deviating one technique to wreak too make sure that your students are teaching is to time the tests I'm not a big fan of that because some people read a lot slower than others the thing about the honor Locke proctoring service it is built into canvas I am not sure how many cuz honor Locke charges per test and I'm not sure how many tests South Seattle is willing to fund I know for their math and English teachers they're giving them like one or two tests that they can use all or so like midterm and final exams and that's it well so I don't have that information yet I've asked for it and I'm waiting for a response how many how many tests are you can allow how many teachers you're gonna let have them can the apprenticeship people use them I'm still waiting for those answers okay sorry orders I'm gonna dance I'm an iron worker you know exactly what my next statement was gonna be any other questions and again once your once your guys get into this and you know they're probably gonna need a little bit of hand-holding at first and a little bit of help in coaching at first but once once they you know do a few things in here it's gonna become more intuitive and a lot easier and oh one thing I want to do in the chat I'm going to take a link and give it to you in the chat okay where is chat chair chat oh come on where's chat yeah there it is okay believe it or not I've done this before where is Chad I'm gonna stop my screen share so I can know there it is there it is okay so in chat I'm giving you a link to the South Seattle teaching and learning center YouTube page it's not real organized but there are a lot of video tutorials on how to use canvas oh there's a Ridgid yes this training is being recorded right now and recording it to my computer I'm going to upload it to YouTube and if everybody would put your email address in here in the chat I will send you a link to that YouTube video and that'll the reason I do that is because YouTube will auto closed caption it for free automatically and it's a lot quicker than the zoom if I recorded this and saved it to zoom it might be three or four days before I get it back it's a beat auto captioned if I record it to my computer upload it to YouTube it'll it'll I'll have it in an hour too with closed captions so and then does everybody know that in the chat box those three little dots next to file if you click that you can download the chat which has the it has the emails of everybody in this and it also has the that link to the YouTube page so good question any other any other questions before we get out of here I am also in lots between noon and 1:00 today right now I think Olga is in lots and she'll be there till noon I believe so it's it's staffed from 9:00 to 5:00 if you have any other questions you have instructors that you want to connect with me I'm going to be in lots today between 12:00 and 1:00 and again it's that little L OTS at I think it's at South Seattle colleges or zoom or whatever it's in the invites that you receive to get here today okay so thank you for being here thank you for good questions I hope I wasn't too much of a bore to you and I will get right on I will I will get the the video recorded and transcribed with closed captioning and linked to I'll have it on YouTube and I'll have a link to it sent to you here by the end of the day today wait anything else thanks that alright nice note thank you you're welcome thank you right see y'all later thank you thank you | SSC Instructional Support Services | UCA9zcdmtqUfzZM_CDg2x-JA | 2020-04-28 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 7,949 | 40,676 |
bHl-meWxdrE | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bHl-meWxdrE | House Plant Pests | From the Ground Up | House plants are notorious for having insect pest problems. And one of the best ways to identify whether your plants are having an issue is to take a look at them. And look for a substance called honeydew. And honeydew is actually a waste product from the insects feeding. Honeydew generally collects on the lower part of the plant and what you want to do when you're looking for insect pests is start at the lower part of the plant and work up through the canopy looking for problems. It's generally found as a sugary sticky substance on the surface of the leaves There's usually three insects that give off honeydew, those are: scale insects, aphids, and white flies. And there are several ways to control them. On the previous sample we showed you what scale insects look like and on this plant we're trying to show you what white flies look like. But all of these pests can be extremely difficult to try to control in a household situation. So in this particular plant we've got a yellow sticky card, basically as a monitoring device to see what pests are actually there. But the best way to control these is by using a soapy water solution and actually spritzing it on with a spray bottle. So in the wintertime you want to make sure that you check your plants regularly for insect problems. And if you do detect something you want to make sure that you take action quickly. For the University of Wyoming Extension, this is Jeff Edwards, From the Ground Up. | UWyoExtension | UChB7J6awJ42g9nwrn5mnIdg | 2012-01-23 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 263 | 1,466 |
IyM97MiGs44 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IyM97MiGs44 | WTF: Disney's Latest Reboot is WOKE Propaganda | guys this is really crazy why are we having this discussion about bad black people and arguing with each other when we all know white people aren't sitting around discussing whether or not they're a good white person that's because white people are inherently bad did anyone out there really think that Disney had learned its lesson and after hiring Bob Iger was gonna change course away from left-wing propaganda if for some reason you're still giving Disney money stop it for some reason I was still subscribed but I put it into that [ __ ] real fast that's because of their new reboot of an older show from the early 2000s called The Proud Family now I've never watched that show before but from what I've seen on YouTube it seems like a pretty standard Disney cartoon so in this clip a group of all brown and black kids minus one white girl protest a statue throwing their fists in the air which is well known mean is symbolism and associated with the group black lives matter as Riot police show up for no apparent reason to arrest the kids because that's what cops do according to Disney now my main problem with this is that it's a propagandized version of what actually happens when left-wing mobs attack historic statues like we see here where police are being violently attacked by a left-wing mob as they attempt to protect a Christopher Columbus statue police said the PVC pipe used to hold the black lives matter banners had been sharpened and were taken out and used a jab at officers the media doesn't widely report on this political violence so that the propagandists at Disney can release this alternate version of reality then this happens do something with your right privilege how about new oh what the hell again this idea that somehow white people have a special power over police and are never mistreated by them which is a total lie and also that all white people can be broadly judged as having this invisible trait that comes with our skin color which is actually in the definition of racism brought to you by Disney look it needs to be said White Privilege is not a real thing it is a racial stereotype that's really no different than anti-submitted conspiracy theories and tropes Hell by AOC standards this is stochastic terrorism but it gets even worse with the kids singing a song that spreads what can only be called historical disinformation and demonstrating why this ideology is dangerous and shouldn't be taught to kids as normal as you see here at one point the girl claims slaves built the United States but as Reagan said our liberal friends know so much that just as and so this is not to say that slavery wasn't involved and important especially early on but you cannot factually attribute America being built to slavery alone but it works really well if you're into ideological subversion of America what it basically means is to change the perception of reality of every American to such an extent that despite of the abundance of information no one is able to come to sensible conclusions the first one being demoralization it takes from 15 to 20 years to demoralize a nation educate one generation of students in the country of your enemy exposed to the ideology of the enemy in other words Marx's leninism ideology is being pumped into the soft heads of at least three generations of American students without being challenged or counterbalanced by the basic values of americanism the result the result you can see most of the people who graduated in 60s dropouts or half-baked intellectuals are now occupying the positions of power in the government civil service business mass media educational system that's because why people are inherently bad the song goes on to demand reparations to people who had nothing to do with slavery paid by people who had nothing to do with slavery throughout their presentation the white girl just stands there in the back holding up signs subservient and not speaking even holding up an orwellian sign that says Freedom while she is not allowed to speak because of her skin color brought to you by Disney what can we do about it well the quickest and easiest thing you can do is cancel your subscription to Disney do not spend your money on people that literally hate you for your skin color and are promoting a far left dangerous cult and you can also support channels like mine so I can continue exposing the baddies that's all for this one thanks for watching if you enjoyed it please like share subscribe and make sure to leave a comment to let us all know what you think thanks a lot I'll see you all on the next one foreign [Music] | Dronetek | UCavk8KLWg5sWuDGrNIiqZ4A | 2023-02-05 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 820 | 4,628 |
nf7Gy753zto | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nf7Gy753zto | Building LLTDM: Privacy & Ethics Video 7 | hi everyone I'm Stacy Reardon so far we've talked about how TDM data might be sensitive data even when it's public sometimes it might be decontextualized from the context in which it was created and it may have been created or used in ways that are enabled by structural racism and unequal power balances we've also considered approaches to obtaining consent for TDM research including when consent might not really be consent and move from consent to avoiding harm and ways in which the common rule typically doesn't apply to TDM research rendering consent unnecessary from a regulatory perspective it's time to start considering the philosophical underpinnings of different research ethics approaches to find that we as individuals or community might like to adopt for TDM research in this first video for ethics theory and practice we'll talk about available ethical frameworks and questions to consider in the second video we'll see examples of a few research teams who attempted to put these into practice we can choose from a variety of ethical approaches to moral problems here we'll look at three ethical frameworks imagine you have the capacity to help someone in need furthermore helping them would not diminish your own capacity would you provide this help a deontologist would recognize an obligation to help in accordance with a moral rule such as do unto others as you would have them do unto you a virtue ethicist would act based on the fact that helping the person would be charitable or benevolent and the utilitarian would point to the fact that the consequences of doing so will maximize wellbeing for the greatest number of people each of these normative ethical frameworks places emphasis on moral responsibility in the agency of the individual however a moral agency assumes free will this is potentially a problem for tedium research because there may not be free will of all of the participants for a few reasons first power imbalances complicate the idea of choice or free will and second data could be used beyond the purpose for which it was originally intended content creators may not have anticipated how their data would eventually be used there is also the distributed morality of Big Data also referred to as their being dependent agency where the ethics of data use in a networked framework may be dependent on the morality of other actors or factors in that Network an alternative ethics framework might help ethics of care also known as feminist ethics is premised on relationships and care as a virtue this framework under recognizes uneven power relationships it builds into research design and accounting for who possesses power or authority in any given situation through its focus on relationships it also enables a progression from accounting for the rights and obligations of individuals to the rights and obligations of groups yet its focus on relationships can in practice make it very challenging to apply especially for very large datasets both utilitarianism and ethics of care involves some degree of avoiding or at least minimizing harm it's also important for us to probe what we actually mean by harm in what's the harm the coverage of ethics and harm avoidance and research methods textbooks Dickson and quark identified four categories of harm psychological harms which refer to the participants well-being and are inclusive of things like distress embarrassment stress and betrayal of trust physical harms which would include physical pain injury and death legal harms this includes legal implications from exposure imagine here photos of underage drinking being seen at a protest against a tyrannical government and facing potential action were depicted as a migrant subject subjecting one to potential deportation and social harms these include damage to relationships social standing or reputation and would include impacts on personal and employment relationships through the disclosure of information the question of harm brings us to another question whose harm should tedium researchers be concerned with the Belmont report is set up to protect research subjects but as we saw from Samoas gamergate case study the well-being of researchers is also important so does our TDM ethics framework need to account for different types of research stakeholders like researchers and readers Dixon and quirk also observed that the research ethics textbooks they studied failed to treat ethics continually and holistically throughout all stages of the research process instead they approach ethics as a one-time consideration with a focus on avoiding harm during data collection however as they note ethical issues permeate and unfold beyond the research design stage and throughout the entire research process end quote while textbooks may focus on ethics as an event like obtaining informed consent scholars advocate for ethics to be considered in an ongoing fashion so again if we're going to adopt a harm minimizing framework we should think of how harm might arise for our stakeholders at different points throughout the research process you may have observed that we have oscillated and in this discussion between a harm minimization and harm avoidance depending on whatever ethical model we've chosen we may not be implementing a do no harm approach but rather a risk benefit analysis an elements of a new ethical framework for big data research Vienna a tall advocate for big data researchers and review boards to incorporate systemic risk benefit assessments these assessments would evaluate the benefits that would accrue to society as a result of a research activity the intended uses of the data involved the privacy threats and vulnerabilities associated with the research activity and the potential harms to human subjects as a result of the inclusion of their information in the data the decision about whether to proceed with the research based on these balance factors is not binary in this video we noted that there is a lack of established best practices when approaching ethical considerations and TDM projects rather this is an area of evolving discussion that we can help shape we might consider different ethical frameworks for approaching these issues such as deontological virtue or utilitarian models or in ethics of care we might consider different types of harm such as psychological physical legal and social and we might consider the different groups who could experience such harm whether those be subjects fellow researchers and consumers ethical considerations are not just one-time judgments but extend throughout the research process our ethical framework may lead us to adopt an approach that prioritizes doing no harm or an approach that seeks to way harm through a risk benefit analysis in the next video we'll look at a few examples from research teams who have wrestled with ethical considerations in Big Data | Office of Scholarly Communication Services | UCNUMwTyK0raTNNZVjhgB7KA | 2020-06-12 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,117 | 6,899 |
2xt4fMHjeQE | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2xt4fMHjeQE | Absolver - How to unlock Stagger Style | hey guys my name is Jesus and today I'll teach you how to get stagger style so your first step will be to get to low 30 you can do this easily by pvping and 1v1 game mode to get the faster you would have to win game so if you're not that good I would suggest finishing the whole story first before even trying this then you will find gin masca he will spawn on this bridge right after you reach level 30 you need to defeat him in order to gain access to this place where you will be able to unlock stagger style he is quite difficult it's probably the most difficult mini-boss in the game so beware I'll give you a tip on how to defeat NPCs though you can faint an attack way let me let me do it properly you can faint an attack then they'll dodge and then you can attack them three times before they retaliate so if ain't an attack one two actually I should have attacked a third time but didn't get the chance paint one those attacks which is low paint okay that was a hit faint one two three well you get the point but I'm just gonna beat him however I want now once he gets the sword he is gonna be much tougher to be because he will do damage even when you're blocking so to beat him I would say do the same tactic or even go much more aggressive against him to take a sort of a sand once you do that you will unlock a gate in a different location all right once you get to the Coliseum which you will probably know because there's a bus in this area you will have to not take that gate but this one and go over here the skate will then open if you have killed the mini-boss Jean Meza I mean combat sight cannot go through it there we go and you will have to follow this direction right over here and talk to this NPC here you will be able to join his school and use tigerstyle until you unlock it John lucky you need to use the stagger style effectively so you need to dodge moves or count them with your style once you're lucky you'll be able to select any style you want I fully unlocked if I'm not sure why still blue I think all your other abilities will be blue but I can switch to whenever out what now once you fully unlock it then you can go to other schools and use the stagger style if they don't have it in their school if you level up in schools you can use more than the bare hands combat tech as you can see my higher level in the school so I can use a stool deck and the SU deck is actually quite awesome you will not learn the moves in the deck but you'll be able to use them and learn the style itself another way to learn a style is by joining a player school to do that you need to find them or add them to your friends list and then go to encounters and you'll see them somewhere here thanks for watching the video I hope you enjoyed it and have a nice day all right stop I turn and I blow up a stage you watch I can't do it [Music] | justas | UCbnEUCjaaTiiLtbOy8r5nDQ | 2017-08-24 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 588 | 2,858 |
9fzUyAgXq48 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fzUyAgXq48 | Perfectionist: Full Board 1970764974 | every one so I decided to actually walk you through the solution to the full perfectionist board I've been posting these before and you might have thinking like what is this guy posting so this is actually the game called perfectionist which I designed you can click on the link if you don't know how to play the game there's like a gray grayed out menu which you can actually click it and will tell you okay this is how the game is played it's actually pretty simple it's easy to get into the game but what's not easy is to actually mastering the levels typically people will go through the levels just once that's not how we should play the game and the whole beauty and intellectual pleasure from the game comes from the like from you going through the level many many times until you really find the solution that that is fluent that gets you a lot of scores and when you feel that you're not doing a lot of kind of these you're not wasting a lot of score on matching up or you know trying to combine many blocks in order to get something so your matches have to be as short as possible anyway this board is very cool because it was extremely challenging I just couldn't get through the end phase I had a lot of blocks which I didn't know what to do with and then finally I got it and this is just an indescribable feeling I have to tell you because you're standing there in a tram with the phone you know stupid smile on your face because you've got it and you know it's such a great feeling and so I decided to share this board specifically because it has so many traps where you think okay this is a simple solution but you shouldn't go for the simple solution at least not with this board so let's get right to it alright so this is the board very patterned how I start with this board is actually you look at this and you think okay these are pretty obvious things and now I have a simple combination do I match up these sevens or these sevens and it's actually the answer of course is pretty obvious because I'm gonna unlock the eights right so these are pretty obvious situations what I'm saying obvious what I mean here is that there are no large blocks and the immediate vicinity of these guys I can have 15 15 and that means that this is a pretty good deal 15 and the perfectionist is the maximum block value so it's a no-brainer with the nines as well but here's where we come up to the first trap so look at these three tens and an 11 you might think okay here what we do we do that and we match up these babies but you shouldn't do that and I'll explain why here's what I shouldn't do it so let's actually use that one to remove clothes and let's look at that structure over here you see that these are very cool options here match of the nines unlock the 13s how do we do that well this is how we can do it we match up the sevens we'll leave that Simon alone and we have a lock this treasure trove look at this look at this this is great don't worry about the seven will actually take care of it later now we have to understand what to do with the tens and this is my idea was this we have these guys over here and we have this 10 is it realistic to match it up with this one and actually yes so first of all we can get rid of one we're here and we have a good combination right over here then a good combination here right a loss of only two points we can get rid of one and let's say do this and now there's not a lot to do here right we can actually unlock the floors right over here and one option that you have with a nine is to sacrifice six that's a lot of points of sacrifice so you can do that but I decided hey you know here's the idea it actually sacrifice sacrifice is a lot of sacrifices I think five right to sacrifice two points here and we get rid of the six which sacrifices three but we get the nine and win log the tens so this is I think a very good idea yeah but we'll trade this this one will be important for later just all right so a couple of other pretty obvious things remember I said that we're gonna take care of the seven it comes into play right now boom there you go so this is pretty obvious this gets a little hairy but it's gonna work out believe me because it unlocks the nines so what else you might get rid of sixes let's use the one for this right and the fours Oh now here's what we have here we can get a 1 up to here for the obvious combination as well now this is an interesting right here at 9 and what you do here is you this and you get a 6 out of 10 which is a good deal and voila the endgame phase now remember I said that we're going to use that one and we are because we want to match it up with this 13 and then we have the sixes the 5 and we're completing the game with a whooping 336 that was a great board that was a great board because so many traps so many challenges I actually I think I spent like five days in this on it on five you said didn't play like whole day right but you know so I'm really proud of that and I hope that you can you know try it out yourself see whether you find this board interesting but I've had to be very exhilarating really anyway thanks for watching and see you later | Louigi Verona | UCZGE9nZRQ-vakqm3eZoU3zg | 2018-04-15 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,044 | 5,174 |
ODtYV0qijUc | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ODtYV0qijUc | Sports Betting Handicapping - What You Must Know Before You Try It | hi there and welcome to this video brought to you by sports betting exposed sports betting handicapping what you must know before you actually try it warning what you don't know will actually cost you first of all I know you're tired of losing and we've all gone through this I used to be nervous when placing my picks on Sports wondering if I was right or wrong you don't want to lose anymore you you want to preserve your cap your bankroll now now and increase your profits as soon as possible however sports betting handicapping is no game and the services online can do more har than good with your picks on sports that is why people look at 100% self- selected picks on Sports however can you actually trust them and can that method actually work the problem with sports Bing handicapping is that they can uh it can actually cause no one to to the amount of problems that can come it can destroy your confidence and make you feel like a loser this can make you feel like an outsider and it can actually ruin your social life however the sports books industry don't want you to know a secret here's the secret 99% of sports betters lose their entire Bank role before they actually even make any money from their picks on Sports we have all been there we have all struggled like you are right now thankfully there are ways to minimize the chance of this ever happening to you so what are the most common solutions to this problem there are three possible Avenues you could explore for your pixelon sports first you could select your own pcks second you could actually purchase a system and third you could sign up to a service using a service or purchasing purchasing a system could actually be dangerous to your bank roll that is why many sports bids have started looking at selecting their own picks on Sports it removes the possibility of having your odds Changed by the sports book and the control being out of your hands from any selections that may come it sounds great obviously uh but can I give you an example sure let me give you three things to look for when making your own selections um with your with regards to your pixon sports injuries are great for making or dropping a selection say for example there is an injury uh to one of the players in the Chicago Bulls this would actually be a determining Factor whether you bet for them or whether you bet against them um and obviously it actually has to be a really really important player it can't just be you know the 12th man off the bench because that's actually not going to have a huge impact on the game Game notes are critical and must be reviewed Game notes are written by true professionals people who study the game for a living people who analyze players and analyze teams and they actually write up these notes that you can read and review and it'll make you feel a bit more comfortable with the selection that you've actually made historical data should be analyzed for Trends and tendencies I cannot stress this enough and this may sound a little bit systematic systematic obviously and you're wondering how this actually applies to daily picks but I can't emphasize enough the importance of historical data go through it make sure you check everything and make sure it all checks out that your team is in the best possible situation for you to win a game all you need all you basically need to do to to follow these three steps is visit uh google.com uh look up uh sports injuries uh let's say for example you you're looking at placing a bit on NHL um type in NHL um injury list you know or NBA injury list whatever sport you're actually going to look at look up historical data and look up Game notes before you place your bet these three things alone will reduce your overall chance of you bankrupting your sports betting account can you see why the sports book don't want you to know these three simple tips and these things alone three things alone will help you a lot now part two in our video we will reveal the real 100% solutions to all three methods we'll discuss the three methods in further detail all three methods could actually work if if you have the right guidance we will show you exactly how you can start making money in the sports bidding industry today and start uh selecting winning picks on Sports you will get your confidence and your life back because you don't have to spend time analyzing uh Forever on end not only that you will feel great that you've actually found a method that actually works I know you've probably been searching for a long long time I certainly was so we'll show you the method that works best for us and the one that is least effective so click on the link below to watch part two now in the description box here so to watch part two again click below or visit www.s Sports bitting exposed. info slart 2 thank you | SportsBettingEXPOSED | UCJEKGg1pC25G4O45EbMbODQ | 2011-11-24 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 897 | 4,845 |
7SNE9YsdY_c | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7SNE9YsdY_c | Concept 19: Almost all amino acids in membrane proteins are hydrophobic | the other statistics we can do with the protein data bank is really double check my initial statement when i said that most residues in a protein are hydrophobic that turns out to be true so if i just plot this on sort of hydrophobicity all the the average hydrophobicity goes from modest to real average in the head group region in the center of the membrane i'm up here virtually everything is hydrophobic and then it becomes average or even hydrophilic again but the interesting pattern is the lower part here do you see that there is no difference whatsoever between buried and exposed residues they are all hydrophobic everywhere initially we i think we went a bit wrong there as a community because some of the first structures we determined were for instance channels or things with a hole and these holes frequently contain water so those are the exceptions where it makes sense to have a few amino acid amino acids that might be polar or even charts but in the grand scheme of things when calculating average over tens of tens of thousands of residues they disappear so membrane proteins are hydrophobic everywhere which is a royal pain when it comes to predicting them | Erik Lindahl | UCVzqfbyMjWi_zmag92PKjlw | 2021-02-19 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 208 | 1,178 |
O44rlCR9hSg | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O44rlCR9hSg | Diffractive interconnects: all-optical permutation operation using diffractive networ... | RTCL.TV | permutation matrices are a fundamental computational building block used in many different fields such as Communications information security and data processing deep learning has been used to create optical implementations of permutation operators which can scale to hundreds of thousands of connections between an input and an output field of view these Optical permutation networks use passive transmissive layers which are individually structured at the wavelength scale the capacity of the optical permutation Network scales proportionally with the number of layers and trainable transmission elements misalignments and low diffraction efficiency can be addressed by designing misaligned and efficient diffractive permutation Networks these networks could have potential applications in security image encryption and data processing particularly in Wireless communication systems operating at T Hertz frequencies this article was authored by mingda Denise jalifan the basuanika and others we are article.tv links in the description below | Social RTCL TV | UCdo9r_X1Us9LBgsBULhGinQ | 2023-07-21 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 144 | 1,042 |
q3YYImI8wfo | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q3YYImI8wfo | Meet Mercatus with Eric Lofgren | a lot of what i would like to accomplish is actually to change the discussion around defense acquisition reform my name is eric lofgren i'm the emergent ventures fellow at the mercada center and i'm an emergent ventures grantee i kind of fell into defense work but then once i was there you know i kind of got thrust into a lot of cool projects and one of them was actually looking at past rates of price growth for different weapon systems and comparing that to other segments of the economy and inflation in general and we kept finding that for many different types of platforms that prices were growing above inflation the question was well should we extrapolate that forward onto new weapon systems and that was essentially a lot of recommendations coming out of the working group i was working with so during that time i kind of brought up some methodological issues and just questions in general as to whether that was the best path forward and there was an instance where lieutenant colonel kind of brought me into his office and he said you know well look when i was a young lieutenant i used to think there's a lot of awkward or screwed up things about the defense acquisition process but in fact when you look at each of the processes you find out there's a really good reason for all of them and you know that kind of quelled me for a little while but it didn't sit so well so i thought you know just do what i do best right like go back into history and just look at the department of defense from a historical standpoint and really come to understand where did all these processes come from in the first place and then connect them back to economic theory contracting budgeting systems engineering and the like and that kind of gave me a purpose for understanding what it was that i did and then it kind of gave me a drive to pursue that further so my ev project is essentially finishing what i had been working on for several years which is a history of thought and defense acquisition so that was a book project that was trying to synthesize a lot of ideas that i had found after going into history and finding that there were a lot of top thinkers that actually dissented to what i would call the consensus view of defense acquisition a lot of what i would like to accomplish is actually to change the discussion around defense acquisition reform there seems to have been a pendulum of reform going back and forth on various things like contracting and the requirements processes but i'd really like to bring the discussion back to the budget process which really hasn't changed since 1961 and i think the book along with the blog and the podcast and writing and producing called acquisition talk i think those would hopefully provide a platform for a new discussion on acquisition reform especially related to the budget [Music] process | Mercatus Center | UCKtFwcQCsl1ttW2CgOqFMUQ | 2020-10-12 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 518 | 2,853 |
kC2OzjQNBN4 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kC2OzjQNBN4 | FR WK9 R23 Irish Thoroughbred Gimcrack Stakes | so sticking with the teals the sixth full and gib crack stakes group two for teals at york one is lanzar program vinnie jrr2 californian chancellor martin needham three dark decker prodigy dan use for falcon beaver bernie gerald said farmers get back temptation six carl benz paul rhodes seven latte dolce darren thompson eight noah jose morad nuclear nine is spadian identity ten spanish castle magic margo scholar and eleven in tribal moth and mcmilk 11 horses at the start and away they go good break by most it's get back temptation as per usual goes to the front to lead them from norway jose in second then comes lata dolce on the outside for darren thompson in those purple colors uh dhaka prodigies move four to second on the inside is lanzo programmat wide the great grey horse californian chancellor dropping back now zlata dolce behind that on his inside he's a one beaver then carl benz been pushed along already his spanish cross on magic and uh spotting identity at the back of the field so get back temptation sets the scorched place up front these four lanes clear from darker prodigy in second then comes the lanzo program california chancellor is trying to get closer in between horses is right mcclure's is nowhere jose up the inside running on his car ben's for paul rhodes it's still get back temptation in front but now california chancellor and carl banzer moving forward to challenge get back temptation he finds another gear up front get back temptation from carl benz yeah come the village gerard para from viva lanza program it's called bands for poor roads but buddy gerald's one beaver has picked it up it's one beaver in the game crack apple formula lonza program and launch that program is gonna win the game crack four like benny gerald he does a one-two vacrum beaver back in second latter delta run on for darren thompson back in third [Applause] one two for ready gerardo lanza program wins the phil vinnie gerard beaver back in second for venigero atlanta dolce third for darren thompson carl benz finished fourth for paul rhodes and spanish castle magic picks up some prize money for michael scholar back in fifth place | Horse Racing Starters Orders Online Leagues | UCNzbn9oTbv18jidx5pNkHaQ | 2021-11-16 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 379 | 2,156 |
TJ-2hKt6yHY | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TJ-2hKt6yHY | Mama Cat’s Turkey Lasagna | hello welcome to another episode of Mama cats rock and eats and happy New Year we've been gone for a little while over the holidays but we're back and we are going to make today Mama cats turkey lasagna here is some of the ingredients and you'll see we have sauce we have some cheese we have some spices and parmesan cheese and what I usually make lasagnas with ricotta cheese today we're going to use cottage cheese so we'll see how that turns out I'm sure it's going to be fantastic and ground turkey meat instead of ground beef or sausage which is a little healthier so after the New Year it's kind of a nice way to go we're gonna do that so let's get started and the recipe will be in the description below I already did my noodles so you'll see them here I've laid them out on foil I boiled them just a little salt a drizzle of oil in it just so they don't stick and they come out so nice and now they'll be all ready to layer and I did that ahead of time to save time on the show all right so now we'll start the meat I bought this big pack three pounds of turkey meat we only need two pounds so I'm gonna use the the other pound for tonight's dinner I'm gonna turn on my I'm just doing mine in a pot like this because we're gonna make this for the meat and the sauce all one pan I use ground turkey a lot it's just a little bit healthier and you don't know the difference some people say yes I do you don't if you put the right seasonings in you don't here goes the meat and you might think why why mama cat are you not eating lasagna for dinner it's because we are taking it to California I'm gonna pack it up in this we're gonna take it and cook it at our kids house it's a nice thing if you need to take it to a party you can cook it there and bring it cooked of course but it'll transport in the car on a car ride to California on a cooler so that's what we're doing all right the meat's starting to cook up I'm going to turn it up a little more to medium I break it up now we have to let that cook okay so oh you know what let's do this you put about a half a teaspoon of salt so I'm just gonna shake some water I just eyeball it but you might want to do it a teaspoon I'd say just enough to season it and some pepper the same a good amount and then a little Italian seasoning you could put a teaspoon you could put two I just like just one color and a Sprinkle of garlic in it too let's season the meat to a little here all right so while the the meat is cooking we're gonna make the filling with the cottage cheese so what we will do is put one egg and I'm gonna just crack it in here and I'm gonna mix it up a little bit put everything else in there and now we're going to put in one and a half cups of cottage cheese I have low fat you can use whole whatever you want I like eating this too so I always this is something I usually have around next we will put in a teaspoon of oregano or Italian seasoning I'll kind of do heaping because I love Italian seafood it's good on frozen pizzas too it makes it extra good okay so one half teaspoon salt stir this up and the last thing you want to put in here is parmesan cheese and this is grated could you shred it as well whichever you have and a half a cup I'm really excited to make it with cottage cheese because I usually make it with ricotta cheese stir it so it's combined it's good doesn't that look good maybe it doesn't look so good now but it's going to in your lasagna oh and the pepper again I'm just gonna eyeball it I have my shaker half teaspoon I'll just put a few groins in there all these flavors will come together and be so good all right let's go back and check our meat again see how that's coming along break it up nice little pieces oh I gotta add my secret ingredient I almost forgot my favorite this is my favorite thing to add fennel seeds adding this to ground turkey recipes gives it a sausage seasoning flavor it really adds a lot that's a that's a um secret that I would like to share it try it when you make uh you know any kind of Italian foods put it in your meat you can even put it in ground beef for for that flavor and I just do just a healthy couple shakes and it's just really sets it off it's really good it's optional to put in a little bit of red chili pepper flakes which I love I'll just put in one shake just a little bit I don't want to put in too much because the kids are going to eat it and they're not going to want it too spicy of course and you can always put it on top at the end like you do on Pizza okay so now back to this in a minute we can start assembling this I'm going to use four cups of cheese and you could use four cups of mozzarella but for the second packet I got was Italian style planned shredded cheese that has a provolone Romano parmesan Fontina and Asiago so I thought this would be good so I'm mixing it up that should give it just even more flavor okay I think the meat is just about done another thing with ground turkey like that it's lean you don't even need to strain it because there's not much fat in it I think it's about ready let me see again you want to make sure you get it well cooked really only takes a few minutes so in your comments let me know what else you'd like me to make after this I think this is done okay so now I'm going to take my jar of marinara sauce 24 ounces spaghetti sauce marinara whatever flavor you like you can make your own sauce too of course but this just it saves you a little time and steps Stir It Up oh yeah it's looking good there wasn't any any water in this so I just left your oil grease so I just stirred it in now we're going to want to spray our hand usually I'd use a glass rectangle pad for this but this is my traveling one so just spray it whatever pan you have so it won't stick okay time to assemble the lasagna we're gonna do this in three times repeat the same process which is sauce noodles the cottage cheese mixture and the mozzarella so we'll repeat that three times we're using 12 noodles and that'll be it okay so we have our sprayed pan and we will start with some of the meat sauce not too much of it on the bottom if you had extra just red sauce you could use that too on the bottom it won't matter now we'll put four noodles you'll see it's not too hard to make a yummy lasagna okay so the next one is what is it so you'll do the cottage cheese layer part of it so just kind of eyeball it and get it all on there nice as even as you can because you're gonna want every bite to have some of us oh it's going to be so good I've made a lot of lasagnas but I've never made one with the cottage cheese mixture so it'll be fun to do that so now the mozzarella I'm gonna put half of this bag which is one of the cups oh you know what I'm gonna put this whole bag so this is two cups is going to be on that layer that's going to be a lot of cheese but you know how cheese is you want a nice big cheesy layer get it nice and even all right now we will do another sauce layer on top of this another thing I do is when I make lasagna I just make up my own rules and layers and I'm try I tried to follow I I mixed several different recipes that I had found and I I'm making it my own which is great to do but I'm trying to follow the layering rules that they put to see if it makes a difference because I like it when you go to a restaurant and it's layered and you see the layers of the lasagna you see I have a bottle of wine here this is its red temper Neo they'll be very good with it you could have a Cabernet you could have San Jose you could have a Chianti any red wine will be really good with this red sauce all right now we need more noodles four more layer them on all right there's four more I could turn this one this way then the rest of the cottage cheese there so I'm actually doing two layers of the cottage cheese spread it on there that's one thing don't don't sweat the small stuff if you know you messed up a layer that you were trying to follow or something it's all going to be good but like I said I wanted to try these specific layers to see how it comes out the end pieces are good too you don't want to cheat the people that have the end pieces now we'll do mozzarella again we'll do the Italian shredded cheese can you imagine how yummy that's going to be all right so I'm going to save the rest of it for the very top and now some more sauce and then the rest of our noodles so there's that and now we'll finish the next noodles and then the last mozzarella cheese so four more it really works nice on the foil like that and to have it done ahead of time then just get the noodles out of the way there's also the the non-bake noodles that you just put in I've never done those but you can try it okay so there's that and now the last one is cheese and this is what's gonna get all bubbly and yummy I'm gonna just put a little bit more Italian seasoning on top and they'll look pretty when and tasty but it'll look nice when you see it all bubbling all the cheese on it with the little green all right so that's it look how this is what it looks like now I'm going to use the same foil I used for my to dry my noodles on and let them cool off and I just made a little cover from it and then I didn't have to waste that oil and you just cover it up really good now the nice thing is I have this little lid too so that'll go right on top of the foil and it's ready to go in the car on some ice in a little cooler bag and it will make the trip to California for the kids we're gonna have a great time all right so here's Mama cap now we got the lasagna to California to the kids house and here they are look at these boys Elias and Issa and the little Cyrus's asleep so now we're going to cook lasagna you guys want lasagna for dinner yeah raise your hands if you want it raise your hands I think our camera around us too okay so we're gonna put it in at 375 for 30 minutes covered with foil and then we'll do 30 minutes or 25 uncovered all right so the timer went off and Cyrus says take out the lasagna mama cat right see what this looks like that looks good look at that all right so we're gonna cut it up and we'll show you a piece of it in just a minute let's give a taste and see what we get foreign I think the look says it all and let me take a taste all right thank you for watching another episode of Mama cats rock and eat come back next time we're going to make something sweet sweet yeah sweet yep all right I put some sauce on there cheers | Mama Cat's Rockin Eats Cooking Show | UCbVTC4Rf61P0H_iFFWa5JKw | 2023-01-27 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 2,171 | 10,472 |
Kw6Pc7-mUpk | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kw6Pc7-mUpk | Halibut | Wikipedia audio article | halibut is a common name principally applied to the two flatfish in the genus HIPPA glosses from the family of right eye flounders less commonly and in some regions only other species of flatfish are also referred to as being halibut the word is derived from Haley holy and beaut flatfish for its popularity on Catholic holy days halibut are demersal fish and are highly regarded as a food fish species of the genus HIPPA glosses Atlantic halibut HIPPA glosses HIPPA glosses lives in the North Atlantic Pacific halibut HIPPA glosses Stena lipids lives in the North Pacific Ocean physical characteristics the Pacific halibut is the world's largest flatfish the igf a record was apparently broken off the waters of Norway in July 2013 by a 515 pound eight point six foot fish this was a waiting certification as of 2013 in July 2014 a 482 pounds Pacific halibut was caught in Glacier Bay Alaska this is however discounted from records because it was shot to prevent injury to those on the boat halibut or dark brown on the topside with an off-white underbelly and have very small scales invisible to the naked eye embedded in their skin halibut are symmetrical at birth with one eye on each side of the head then about six months later during larval metamorphosis one eye migrates to the other side of the head the eyes are permanently set once the skull is fully ossified at the same time the stationary eyed side darkens to match the top side while the other side remains white this color scheme disguises halibut from above blending with the ocean floor and from below blending in to the light from the sky and is known as counter shading diet halibut feed on almost any fish or animal they can fit into their mouths juvenile halibut feed on small crustaceans and other bottom-dwelling organisms animals found in their stomachs include sand lance octopus crab salmon hermit crabs lamprey sculpin cod pollock herring and flounder as well as other halibut halibut live at depths ranging from a few meters to hundreds and although they spend most of their time near the bottom halibut may move up in the water column to feed in most ecosystems the halibut is near the top of the marine food chain in the North Pacific common predators are sea lions killer whales salmon sharks and humans halibut fishery the North Pacific commercial halibut fishery dates to the late 19th century and today is one of the region's largest and most lucrative in Canadian and US waters longline fishing predominates using chunks of octopus devil fish or other bait on circle hooks attached at regular intervals to a weighted line that can extend for several miles across the bottom the fishing vessel retrieves the line after several hours to a day the effects of longline gear on habitats are poorly understood but could include disturbance of sediments benthic structures and other structures International Management is thought to be necessary because the species occupies waters of the United States Canada Russia and possibly Japan where the species is known to the Japanese as OEO and matures slowly halibut do not reproduce until age 8:1 about 30 and 76 centimeters long so commercial capturable or this length prevents breeding and is against US and Canadian regulations supporting sustainability Pacific halibut fishing is managed by the International Pacific halibut Commission for most of the modern era halibut fishery operated as a derby regulators declared time slots when fishing was open typically 24 to 48 hours at a time and fishermen raced to catch as many pounds as they could within that interval this approach accommodated unlimited participation in the fishery while allowing regulators to control the quantity of fish caught annually by controlling the number and timing of openings the approach led to unsafe fishing as openings were necessarily set before the weather was known forcing fishermen to leave port regardless of the weather the approach limited fresh halibut to the markets to several weeks per year when the glutes would push down the price received by fishermen individual fishing quotas in 1995 US regulators allocated individual fishing quotas I asked used to existing fishery participants based on each vessel s documented historical catch I F cues grant to holders a specific proportion of each year s total allowable catch tack the fishing season is nine months the ifq system improved both safety and product quality by providing a stable flow of fresh halibut to the marketplace critics of the program suggest since holders can sell their quota and the fish are a public resource the ifq system gave a public resource to the private sector the fisheries were managed through a treaty between the United States and Canada for recommendations of the International Pacific halibut Commission formed in 1923 a significant sport fishery in Alaska and British Columbia has emerged where halibut are prized game and food fish sport fishermen use large rods and reels with 80 to 150 pounds 36 to 68 kilograms line and often bait with herring large jigs or whole salmon heads halibut are strong and fight strenuously when exposed to air smaller fish will usually be pulled on board with a gaff and may be clubbed or even punched in the head to prevent them from thrashing around on the deck in both commercial and sport fisheries standard procedure is to shoot or otherwise subdue very large halibut over 150 to 200 pounds 68 to 91 kilograms before landing them Alaska s sport fishery is an element of the state s tourism economy as food halibut are often boiled deep fried or grilled while fresh smoking is more difficult with halibut meat than it is with salmon due to its ultra low fat content eaten fresh the meat has a clean taste and requires little seasoning halibut is noted for its dense and firm texture halibut have historically been an important food source to Alaska Natives and Canadian First Nations and continue to be a key element to many coastal subsistence economies accommodating the competing interests of commercial sport and subsistence users as a challenge as of 2008 the Atlantic population was so depleted through overfishing that it might be declared an endangered species according to Seafood Watch consumers should avoid Atlantic halibut most halibut eaten on the east coast of the United States is from the Pacific in 2012 sport fishermen in Cook Inlet reported increased instances of a condition known as mushy halibut syndrome the meat of affected fish has a jelly-like consistency when cooked it does not flake in the normal manner of halibut but rather falls apart the meat is still perfectly safe to eat but the appearance and consistency are considered unappetizing the exact cause of the condition is unknown but may be related to a change in diet other species sometimes called halibut of the same family plural neck today as proper halibut Kamchatka flounder after its these ever money sometimes called arrow toothed halibut round nosed flounder eopt said a Gregor Joey often called shotted halibut Greenland turbot Reinhardt ships hypoglossal tees often called Greenland halibut spotted halibut Varys fur very a goddess family pair elected a California flounder para lick these California cos sometimes called California halibut Olive flounder para lick these olive asia's sometimes called bastard halibut families sit down to the Indian spiny turbot sometimes called Indian halibut family caring today jack family not a flatfish black pomfrit parish drama dias niger sometimes called australian halibut references further reading clover Charles 2004 the end of the line how overfishing is changing the world in what we eat every press london ISBN Oh Oh nine one eight nine seven eight oh seven Oxford English Dictionary 2nd edition ed John Simpson and Edmund Weiner Clarendon press 1989 ISBN oh one nine eight six one one eight six two fish watched Pacific halibut NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service web the 14th of December 2010 external links international Pacific halibut Commission Alaska Department of Fish and Game | wikipedia tts | UCV5cie6grszX4UTDJzpFOyA | 2018-10-30 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,350 | 8,081 |
iE6dShhYfus | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iE6dShhYfus | Scapegoating | Wikipedia audio article | scapegoating is the practice of singling out a person or group for unmerited blame and consequent negative treatment scapegoating may be conducted by individuals against individuals eg he did it not me individuals against groups eg I couldn't see anything because of all the tall people groups against individuals eg Jane was the reason our team didn't win and groups against groups a scapegoat may be an adult child sibling employee peer ethnic political or religious group or country a whipping boy identified patient or fall-guy a forms of scapegoat topic at the individual level a medical definition of scapegoating is process in which the mechanisms of projection or displacement are utilized in focusing feelings of aggression hostility frustration etc upon another individual or group the amount of blame being unwarranted scapegoating is a hostile tactic often employed to characterize an entire group of individuals according to the unethical or immoral conduct of a small number of individuals belonging to that group scapegoating relates to guilt by association and stereotyping scapegoated groups throughout history have included almost every imaginable group of people genders religions people of different races nations or sexual orientations people with different political beliefs or people differing in behavior from the majority however scapegoating may also be applied to organizations such as governments corporations or various political groups topic its archetype Union analysis Silvia Brinton Pereira situates its mythology of shadow and guilt individuals experience it at the archetypal level as an ancient social process to rid a community of its past evil deeds and reconnect it to the sacred realm the scapegoat appeared in a biblical right which involved two goats and the pre Judaic Stronach God Azazel in the modern scapegoat complex however the energy field has been radically broken apart and the libido split off from consciousness Azazel 'he's role is deformed into an accuser of the scapegoated victim blame for breaking a perfectionist moral code for instance might be measured out by aggressive scapegoat errs themselves often wounded the scapegoat errs can be sadistic super-ego accuses with brittle personas who have driven their own shadows underground from where such a projected onto the victim the scapegoat at victim may then live in a hell of felt unworthiness retreating from consciousness burdened by shadow and transpersonal guilt and hiding from the pain of self understanding therapy includes modeling self protective skills for the victims battered ego and guidance in the search for inner integrity to find the victims own voice topic projection unwanted thoughts and feelings can be unconsciously projected onto another who becomes a scapegoat for one's own problems this concept can be extended to projection by groups in this case that chose an individual or group becomes the scapegoat for the group's problems political agitation in all countries is full of such projections just as much as the backyard gossip of little groups and individuals Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung considered indeed that there must be some people who behave in the wrong way they act as scapegoats and objects of interest for the normal ones [Music] topic scapegoat theory of intergroup conflict the scapegoat theory of intergroup conflict provides an explanation for the correlation between times of relative economic despair and increases in prejudice and violence toward out groups studies of anti-black violence racist violence in the southern United States between 1882 and 1930 show a correlation between poor economic conditions and outbreaks of violence eg lynchings against blacks the correlation between the price of cotton the principal product of the area at that time and the number of lynchings of black men by whites ranged from minus 0.63 to minus 0.72 suggesting that a poor economy induced white people to take out the frustrations by attacking an out-group scapegoating as a group necessitates that in-group members settle on one specific target to blame for the problems scapegoating is also more likely to appear when a group has experienced difficult prolonged negative experiences as opposed to minor annoyances when negative conditions frustrate a groups attempts at successful acquisition of its most essential needs eg food shelter groups develop a compelling shared ideology that when combined with social and political pressures may lead to the most extreme form of scapegoating genocide scapegoating can also cause oppressed groups to lash out at other oppressed groups even when in justices are committed against a minority group by the majority group minorities sometimes lash out against a different minority group in lieu of confronting the more powerful majority in management scapegoating is a known practice in which a lower staff employee is blamed for the mistakes of senior executives this is often due to lack of accountability in upper management topic scapegoat mechanism literary critic and philosopher Kenneth Burke first coined and described the expression scapegoat mechanism in his books permanence and changed 1935 and a grammar of motives 1945 these works influenced some philosophical anthropologists such as Ernest Becker and Rene Girard Girard developed the concept much more extensively as an interpretation of human culture in Gerard's view it is humankind not God who has need for various forms of atoning violence humans are driven by desire for that which another has or wants mimetic desire this causes a triangulation of desire and results in conflict between the desiring parties this mimetic contagion increases to a point where society is at risk it is at this point that the scapegoat mechanism is triggered this is the point where one person is singled out as the cause of the trouble and is expelled or killed by the group this person is the scapegoat social order is restored as people are contented that they have solved the cause of their problems by removing the scapegoated individual and the cycle begins again the key word here is content scapegoating serves as a psychological relief for a group of people Gerard contends that this is what happened in the narrative of Jesus of Nazareth the central figure in Christianity the difference between the scapegoating of Jesus and others Gerard believes is that in the resurrection of Jesus from the dead he is shown to be an innocent victim humanity is thus made aware of its violent tendencies and the cycle is broken thus Gerard's work is significant as a reconstruction of the Christus Victor atonement theory equals equals see also | wikipedia tts | UCmp1SkLvf1pYMPK7PE2mYXA | 2019-10-05 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,061 | 6,685 |
6Z0aQD9fFG4 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Z0aQD9fFG4 | Talking to the Police | what I want to do is talk a little bit about talking to the police so in general the way we have dealt with the police is I would say on a equal footing so we talked to them as individuals as human beings friendly respectful but without vesting them with the authority that they think they have so one of the things that often happens is that again because most people don't know their rights a lot of times the police will ask you to do things that are essentially asking you to give up your rights so for example you don't have to demonstrate in a pen if the police set up a pen at a place where you're doing a demonstration you can demonstrate across the street instead you don't have to or up the block or down the block you don't have to go into that pen but the police will often tell people if you want to demonstrate you have to go into the pen and then you have to say you and I both know that we have the option to go into the pen but that if the sidewalk is open to any other pedestrian it's also open to us as demonstrators so unless the sidewalk is frozen to all pedestrians for example when the president comes to town and they'll say no pedestrians on the east side of Fifth Avenue be by Trump Tower but you have pedestrians on the west side of Fifth Avenue then you can demonstrate on the west side of Fifth Avenue you don't have to be in a pen two blocks away so a lot of what you need to do as a marshal is to say we have a right to do this and and to also understand the hierarchy of the police which are blue shirts and white shirts and so the blue shirts are the Street Patrol and they're just following orders and the white shirts are more in control and so if someone in a blue shirt a patrol person comes up and says you can't leaflet here you can't you have to go in the pen you can you can have that discussion with them and if what they'll probably say as my commanding officer said that to get everybody in the pen and then what you need to say to them is I think you need to go back to your commanding officer and tell them that we're saying that we have a right to be where we are and so the best scenario in this kind of situation is to let them save face so you give them an offer an opportunity to leave instead of continuing the argument so you're always looking to hold your ground but deescalate the argument because you don't want to escalate an argument with a police officer you can also say what do me a favor bring your commanding officer over over to me and I'll have that discussion with them in my experience most of that time that takes care of whatever problem it is and everybody is satisfied sometimes you just have to keep arguing in general blue shirts will not arrest unless they have been given a direct order to arrest by a white shirt so it's safe to have that discussion with them as long as you do not touch them so as a marshal and as a demonstrator and as a civilian you never want to touch a police officer because even a listen that's just not that's a felony assault on an officer okay so you really want particularly for someone who talks with their hands like I do you want to watch your body language when you're dealing with the police how police officer know if I'm a marshal okay you cuz marshals usually are wearing some identifying piece of clothing whether it's an armband a hat or a vest plus if let's say you're at a demonstration and you see you see someone leafletting you know it may be someone from a Socialist Party trying to get people to take their newspaper it might be someone trying to leaflet for another event it may be someone you agree with or disagree with but they're they're doing their thing and if a police officer comes up to them and you see that happening as a marshal you should really go over there and see what's going on because we really don't want the police dealing with our demonstrators we what we want the marshals dealing with the demonstrators and the police to deal with the marshals so that's how they would also know that you are marshal and and the reason that we use things like armbands as opposed to using something really big is that we're part of the demonstration we don't want to make a big distinction like the police make a big distinction between the police and the demonstrators we don't want to make a big distinction between the marshals and the demonstrators were part of the demonstration we're just we have a specific role in it yeah I'm just wondering if it's possible that the police could say demonstrate this requires so this that's at the point where you say so we've got 5,000 people here we can March them on the sidewalk but let me tell you that it will be easier for you as NYPD if you give us two lanes of 7th Avenue one lane for the marchers one lane for the police the other lanes for through traffic and we will march from here down to Union Square and we will be out of your hair in an hour however if you say we have to march on the sidewalk we're going to be gumming stuff up for it's gonna take us like three hours to get out of here and you know it Alta mately officer it is your choice but and if if we have trouble getting people out on 7th Avenue we'll bring some people over to 6th Avenue and we'll bring some people over to Fifth Avenue and you'll have three avenues worth of sidewalk marches going downtown and I think it would be easier for all of us if you give us the one lane of traffic for the marchers one lane for the police we'll do our best to keep everybody in line and sorry we didn't expect so many people and that's you know and and and that's what you do and you make it and it really wouldn't be hard for us to send the first 5,000 people down 7th Avenue while we bring a whole bunch of other people down one block over to 6th Avenue and start marching them down 6th Avenue and bring another bunch of people down 5th Avenue yeah I mean but it's but it's and that's totally legal but it's a total nightmare for the police because they don't have enough people for that right right and but also I mean for them if they've got 20,000 even if they have like 5,000 people they can't arrest 5,000 people they can't they they don't have a you know think right I mean they you know they could they can arrest maybe 300 people 3 or 400 people but they really can't do 5,000 people they don't have the this the place to put them they don't have the staff to do it so you know the the you know so then is they're in a bad position you know which which is that if they don't let people March people are going to start marching on their own and we're going to tell them listen if you don't let us March we're just going to start marching on the sidewalks until people to march on the sidewalks down to Union Square by whatever Avenue they find room on and that's totally legal and we'll just tell them make sure you obey the the the the walks you know the walk don't walk signs it's totally legit and that's like the worst scenario for them because then they're gonna have like 5,000 people running around Midtown with signs chanting on their way to Union Square so that's that's that's that's but the negotiation and how you talk to them and you know it and you again it's like you do it on a friendly honest unthreatening direct level and you don't listen you know give us 10 minutes you know and you know give us some time and we'll organize and we'll let people know what's going on and you tell us when you're ready for us to go into 7th Avenue and and you know Mulligan will try to marshal it and we'll try to keep it as safe and orderly as we can because we don't want to you know no one here wants once arrests a a few months ago I got in rather heated discussion with a detective from Midtown about whether the plaza in front of Fox News was private property or whether it was a public a privately operated public space which is an area that the building got a tax break in order to put public amenities in so that the public could enjoy it and I knew for a fact that that Plaza was a privately operated public space and we had a right to be there and he kept threatening to arrest us and I was like I'm gonna move the demo because you're threatening to arrest us and I know we have a right to be here and I'm gonna give you the benefit of the doubt that you really think that the building management is telling you the truth when they're saying it's private property and not part of the public spaces and and give me your business card and I will send you the information tomorrow and then we can result you know we can get this resolved because I didn't want people to take a bus but I'm it but I didn't want to like just let him get away with getting us out and he apologized the next time I saw him because he got the information and the building management had lied to him and he was pissed off no because had he arrested us it's on him and you know would have been a good case for us but so it's always important as a demonstrator to know your rights to know where you have a right to be what kind of place you're in to treat the police respectfully and then at some point you have to make a decision about whether you know how strongly you hold on to it now the next time if I went back and we've had all these discussions and they try to kick us off again I'm like we've had this discussion before so families belong together March we had a switch where they hit pretty much the entire Foley Square on the west side all the way up and I was extremely hot that day but he was there and to the marshals we actually asked the police can we separate these barricades so that people can get out and they say they realize they've made a mistake so in some cases negotiate what do you see that | Owen Crowley | UCbxqG2Xu0BB25_Aphkc0igQ | 2018-08-27 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,917 | 9,755 |
hx7KkNC7jkU | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hx7KkNC7jkU | conductor ampacity correction (equipment rating) | oh hi there didn't know you're there I'm just kidding hey a couple weeks ago I posted a video on wire ampacity and I got a ton of engagement on it except it was not the kind of engagement I wanted to get this week I'm gonna be discussing why some of you were upset and make sure you stick around to the end of the video because I got some great stuff to talk about and you're not gonna want to miss it let's get going [Music] so what did have everybody's knickers in a knot well it seems like when I did the last week's video when I did a wire in passing I discussed insulation ratings and temperature ratings and insulation I may have neglected to discuss the temperature limitations of the conductor's when terminating two different pieces of equipment now you might think I thought you taught this stuff so how can you go ahead and forget something as important as that here's the deal I don't want to make these videos super long when I was doing the code videos in earnest that they're longer than my typical videos by sometimes like ten minutes so what I thought I would do is just kind of break it up in little chunks so this was coming next this temperature limitations for conductors I promised it was coming next but perhaps I should have mentioned that at the end of the last video so here's the thing stick around for the end of this video and I'll let you know what's coming up so if I forgot something watch to the end and maybe you'll catch me on it maybe you won't and will send me to the steaks okay so let's talk about temperature limitations for conductors it's in the code so I'm gonna look at this is a code rule that we're dealing with out of the cec the Canadian Electrical Code I understand that some of your Americans and you are up working out of the National Electrical Code so again if you want all you people who are in the NEC make sure you go down below here and in the comments mention where you find these rules for in the NEC now I know that that doesn't automatically always line up and it's not a one-for-one but I do know that there are some rules out there in the NEC that do line up and I believe that this is one of them so here we go it says here where equipment is marked with the maximum conductor and temperature limitation termination temperature sorry the minimum size of the conductor you shall be based on the allowable ampacity in the temperature columns in tables one two three or four with all relevant correction factors being applied is required by rules 4 - 0 0 4 corresponding to the maximum termination temperature marked on the equipment that is the one thing I didn't mention so we're going to work it off of those tables the columns the temperature columns now remember we discussed in the last video and there's going to be a link up top here so if you're missing this you don't know what I'm talking about up there you see a little click on that and you should be able to watch the last video or at least see where it is so I talked about how the insulation had temperature ratings and you always had to go with the lowest common denominator so what this rule tells us though is that on top of that we have to consider the equipment that we are hooking up to and this is here insan' to several - for the purpose of several one and except as provided for by other rules of this code or the maximum conductor temp termination temperature for equipment is not marked the maximum conductor temperature sorry termination temperature shall be considered to be 60 degrees for equipment rated up not more than 100 amps or marked for use with number one AWG or smaller conductors and seventy-five degrees C for equipment rated more than a hundred amps marked for use with conductors larger than number one so there you go we if we don't know what the equipment is and we know that it's rated at least we can figure out if you better know what the ampacity is of that equipment if it's below 100 amps or not more than 100 amp so up to and including a hundred amps you treat it like a sixty degrees Celsius if it's exceeding 100 apps then you treat it like it's 75 degrees so example number one three conductor number six n md-90 is installed in the 60 amp disconnect and the temperature rating is unknown what is the ampacity of the conductor so what do we do let's go over to here and take a look at our table - so this is three conductor number six installed in a 60 amp disconnect so number six our ninety would be seventy five amps but because this is a 60 amp disconnect and we don't know what the temperature rating is of it we're actually gonna have to base it as it is 60 degrees C because it is below 100 amps or 100 amp seven below so it's 55 amps is the opacity of the conductor again we're not using any of these columns we have to use the 60 degree column and that's where we get our 55 from or 55 the correct size of nmd used insulated three conductor copper cable to feed out of 7.2 kilowatt 240 volt dryer let's look at our steps here step one we're gonna take the power and divide it by the voltage so we get 30 amps step two the temperature is unknown and the current is below 100 amps step three we're going to use the 60 degree column so we're going to the 60 degree column for 30 amps and it's going to be number 10 and there it is step 4 number 10 so that's it there's not a lot to it it kind of just builds on what we talked about in the last video on wire ampacity so that's kind of where we're leaving it at dot so don't neglect the fact that it's hooked up to a piece of equipment and that equipment itself has temperature ratings okay I promise you at the end of here that I would offer you something good I have some interactive workbooks you might want to go check out I'm gonna leave a link to them below in the description and if you can and if you get value out of these videos I've got a patreon page going I'd love to keep these things moving on and keep these things rolling if you could help out in any way a patreon you get some special perks you get access to the the textbooks actually the workbooks and they're interactive you want to check them out and I'll talk about them later on if you haven't joined the newsletter yet make sure you hit that link below as well have a fantastic week we will see you all on the next week and as I always like to say in the words of Ron Burgundy stay classy great story compelling and rich [Music] | The Electric Academy | UCRm79BcxKhOWRj6CQAB_Cqg | 2020-01-31 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,248 | 6,425 |
cJcmIbOSl3o | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cJcmIbOSl3o | Photochemical | Wikipedia audio article | photochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the chemical effects of light generally this term is used to describe a chemical reaction caused by absorption of ultraviolet wavelength from 100 to 400 nanometers visible light 400 to 750 nanometers or infrared radiation 752 2500 nanometers in nature photochemistry is of immense importance as it is the basis of photosynthesis vision and the formation of vitamin D with sunlight photochemical reactions proceed differently than temperature driven reactions photochemical paths access high-energy intermediates that cannot be generated thermally thereby overcoming large activation barriers in a short period of time and allowing reactions otherwise inaccessible by thermal processes photochemistry is also destructive as illustrated by the photo degradation of plastics topic concept topic brought us draper law and Stark Einstein law photoexcitation is the first step in a photochemical process where the reactant is elevated to a state of higher energy an excited state the first law of photochemistry known as the grata draper law for chemists theodore brought us and john w Draper states that light must be absorbed by a chemical substance in order for a photochemical reaction to take place according to the second law of photochemistry known as the stark einstein law for physicists johannes stark and albert einstein for each photon of light absorbed by a chemical system no more than one molecule is activated for a photochemical reaction as defined by the quantum yield topic fluorescence and phosphorescence when a molecule or atom in the ground state s0 absorbs light one electron is excited to a higher orbital level this electron maintains its spin according to the spin selection rule other transitions would violate the law of conservation of angular momentum the excitation to a higher singlet state can be from homo to LUMO or to a higher orbital so that singlet excitation States s 1 s 2 s 3 at different energies are possible cassia's rule stipulates that higher singlet States would quickly relax by radiation list decay or internal conversion IC to s 1 thus s 1 is usually but not always the only relevant singlet excited state this excited state s 1 can further relax to s0 by IC but also by an allowed radiative transition from s 1 to s 0 that emits a photon this process is called fluorescence alternatively it is possible for the excited state s 1 to undergo spin inversion and to generate a triplet excited state t1 having two unpaired electrons with the same spin this violation of the spin selection rule is possible by inter system crossing ISC of the vibrational and electronic levels of s 1 and T 1 according to Hans rule of maximum multiplicity this t1 state would be somewhat more stable than s1 this triplet state can relax to the ground state s0 by radiation less IC or by a radiation pathway called phosphorescence this process implies a change of electronic spin which is forbidden by spin selection rules making phosphorescence from T 1 to s 0 much slower than fluorescence from s 1 to s 0 thus triplet states generally have longer lifetimes than singlet states these transitions are usually summarized in a state energy diagram or Yablonski diagram the paradigm of molecular photochemistry these excited species either s1 or t1 have a half empty low-energy orbital and are consequently more oxidizing than the ground state but at the same they have an electron in a high energy orbital and are the small reducing in general excited species are prone to participate in electron transfer processes topic experimental setup photochemical reactions require a light source that emits wavelengths corresponding to an electronic transition in the reactant in the early experiments and in everyday life sunlight was the light source although it is polychromatic mercury vapour lamps are more common in the laboratory low pressure mercury vapour lamps mainly emit at 254 nanometers for polychromatic sources wavelength ranges can be selected using filters alternatively laser beams are usually monochromatic although two or more wavelengths can be obtained using nonlinear optics and LEDs have a relatively narrow band that can be efficiently used as well as rain at lamps to get approximately monochromatic beams the emitted light must of course reach the targeted functional group without being blocked by the reactor medium or other functional groups present for many applications quartz is used for the reactors as well as to contain the lamp Pyrex absorbs at wavelengths shorter than 275 nanometers the solvent is an important experimental parameter solvents are potential reactants and for this reason chlorinated solvents are avoided because the CCL bond can lead to chlorination of the substrate strongly absorbing solvents prevent photons from reaching the substrate hydrocarbon solvents absorb only at Short wavelengths and are thus preferred for photo chemical experiments requiring high-energy photons solvents containing unsaturation absorb at longer wavelengths and can usefully filter out short wavelengths for example cyclo hexane and acetone cut off absorbs strongly at wavelengths shorter than 215 and 330 nanometers respectively topic photochemistry in combination with flow chemistry continuous-flow photochemistry offers multiple advantages over batch photochemistry photochemical reactions are driven by the number of photons that are able to activate molecules causing the desired reaction the large surface area to volume ratio of a micro reactor maximizes the illumination and at the same time allows for efficient cooling which decreases the thermal side products topic principles in the case of photochemical reactions light provides the activation energy simplistically light is one mechanism for providing the activation energy required for many reactions if laser light is employed it is possible to selectively excite a molecule so as to produce a desired electronic and vibrational state equally the emission from a particular state may be selectively monitored providing a measure of the population of that state if the chemical system is at low pressure this enables scientists to observe the energy distribution of the products of a chemical reaction before the differences in energy have been smeared out and averaged by repeated collisions the absorption of a photon of light by a reactant molecule may also permit a reaction to occur not just by bringing the molecule to the necessary activation energy but also by changing the symmetry of the molecules electronic configuration enabling and otherwise inaccessible reaction paths as described by the Woodward Hoffmann selection rules a 2+2 cycloaddition reaction is one example of a pericyclic reaction that can be analyzed using these rules or by the related frontier molecular orbital theory some photochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude faster than thermal reactions reactions as fast as 10 - 9 seconds and associated processes as fast as 10-15 seconds are often observed the photon can be absorbed directly by the reactant or by a photo sensitize which absorbs the photon and transfers the energy to the reactant the opposite process is called quenching when a photo excited state is deactivated by a chemical reagent most photochemical transformations occur through a series of simple steps known as primary photo chemical processes one common example of these processes is the excited state proton transfer topic photochemical reactions you topic examples of photochemical reactions photosynthesis plants use solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen human formation of vitamin D by exposure to sunlight bioluminescence eg in fireflies an enzyme in the abdomen catalyzes a reaction that produced light polymerizations started by photo initiators which decompose upon absorbing light to produce the free radicals for radical polymerization photo degradation of many substances eg polyvinyl chloride and FP medicine bottles are often made with darkened glass to prevent the drugs from photodegradation photodynamic therapy light is used to destroy tumors by the action of singlet oxygen generated by photo sensitized reactions of triplet oxygen typical photosensitizers include tetra fennel and methylene blue the resulting singlet oxygen is an aggressive oxidant capable of converting CH bonds into Co groups photoresist technology used in the production of micro electronic components vision is initiated by a photochemical reaction of rhodopsin tor a photochemical production of epsilon caprolactam photochemical production of artemisinin anti-malaria drug photo alkylation used for the light induced addition of alkyl groups to molecules topic organic photochemistry examples of photochemical organic reactions are electro cyclic reactions radical reactions photo isomerization and Norrish reactions alkenes undergo many important reactions that proceed via a photon induced pi to pi asterisk transition the first electronic excited state of an alkene lacked the pi bond so that rotation about the CC bond is rapid and the molecule engages in reactions not observed firmly these reactions include sis trans isomerization cyclo addition to other ground state alkene to give cyclobutane a the sis trans isomerization of a poly alkene is involved in retinol a component of the machinery of vision the dimerization of alkenes is relevant to the photo damage of DNA where thymine dimers are observed upon illuminating DNA to UV radiation such timers interfere with transcription the beneficial effects of sunlight are associated with the photo chemically induced retro cyclisation de cyclisation reaction of ergosterol to give vitamin D in the DeMeo reaction and alkene reacts with a 1:3 diketone reacts via 8c NOL to yield a 1:5 diketone still another common photochemical reaction is Zimmerman's die pi methane rearrangement in an industrial application about 100,000 tons of benzyl chloride are prepared annually by the gas phase photochemical reaction of toluene with chlorine the light is absorbed by chlorine molecule the low energy of this transition being indicated by the yellowish color of the gas the photon induces hemolysis of the CL CL bond and the resulting chlorine radical converts toluene to the benzyl radical CL 2 plus h nu 2 CL c 6 h 5 CH 3 plus CL c 6 h 5 CH 2 plus HCL c 6 h 5 CH 2 plus CL c 6 h 5 CH 2 premiere captain's can be produced by photochemical addition of hydrogen sulfide H 2's to alpha o love finn's topic inorganic and organometallic photochemistry coordination complexes and organometallic compounds are also photoreactive these reactions can entail sis trans isomerization more commonly photo reactions result in dissociation of ligands since the photon excites an electron on the metal to an orbital that is anti-bonding with respect to the ligands thus metal carbonyls that resist thermal substitution undergo decarbonylation upon a radiation with UV light UV irradiation of a THF solution of molybdenum hexacarbonyl gives the THF complex which is synthetically useful mo Co 6 + THF mote Co 5 th f + coin a related reaction photolysis of iron pentacarbonyl affords dire on non a carbonyl see figure - Fei Co 5 a 2 co 9 + co select photo reactive coordination complexes can undergo oxidation reduction processes via single electron transfer this electron transfer can occur within the inner or outer coordination sphere of the metal topic historical although bleaching has long been practiced the first photochemical reaction was described by Troms Dorf in 1834 he observed that crystals of the compound alphys antonin when exposed to sunlight turned yellow and burst in a 2007 study the reaction was described as a succession of three steps taking place within a single crystal the first step is a rearrangement reaction to a cyclopentadiene only intermediate to the second one a dimerization in a diels-alder reaction 3 and the third one an intramolecular 2+2 cycloaddition for the bursting effect is attributed to a large change in crystal volume on dimerization topic see also photonic molecule photo electrochemical cell photochemical logic gate photosynthesis list of photo chemists single photon sources photo geochemistry photoelectric effect photolysis | wikipedia tts | UCMeSYAu27EY1aslaUSaL6VA | 2018-12-28 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,946 | 12,327 |
8ijnKdkSRRw | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ijnKdkSRRw | Teeny weeny drawing challenge // an attempt was made! | [Applause] pesto filming and a song hi guys welcome back to the average today I thought I would do a project that I've been wanting to do for ages ever since I saw this artist do this and I've been dying to do it just because it looks like a load of fun you've already read the title so you know that this is Casey Gordon's teeny-weeny challenge and yes I have my magnifying glass ready with all these different sizes so first of all I thought what the heck am I gonna draw cuz I don't know I'm sorry I haven't spoken to the camera in a while and I literally I don't know what that voice was I I'm Who am I I thought I would draw you know my muse the God and creator of this channel she's not the gone creator in general I said that she's a queen of the channel it is pesto and you know she owns the channel it is her channel so I thought I would draw her and then I'll draw her again and again and again and again it's more Tori's time you get you get the drill I'm pretty sure you understand what's happening here I'm gonna draw the same image five times but just smaller and smaller smaller let's get started so this one is 15 by 15 centimeters and yes your eyes do not deceive you it is slightly wonky because I cut it I think a millimeter off that's done so let's get to drawing right voice over time I wanted to start out with a square shape because I thought that would be easier to scale down as I went and I was correct because I don't really want to test my maths which is the worst on the planet so if I did maths here it would have been an abomination I started out by sketching out a little caricature of pesto because I thought I don't want to do a realistic image of her because that would just be insanely hard when I get down to the even smaller sizes I use my micron pens and because they're waterproof I can use my watercolors with them and I really liked the way that this turned out my only regret is that I used quite a toothy paper so when I scaled down a bit it was a bit difficult to keep the line quality smooth so you will see around pesto mmm I'm so festive but her bum the area the line quality here is a bit dodgy so I blame that on the tooth finis and I was a bit panicky because I was like if I'm having trouble here am I gonna have trouble with this smaller sizes but you'll see you'll see no spoilers and I also was super impatient with the watercolors today I painted them I didn't wait for them to dry I went over with the next layer wanting to have clean lines and it just didn't work out but then I think it kind of added to the charm of the picture a little bit maybe I don't know does it the next size is 10 by 10 again ease myself into this challenge a little bit because I think 10 by 10 is not too tough also I think this paper is wonky again because I can't measure and may I add that that ruler is weird it has weird sizes on it I don't understand it I don't understand anything okay guys leave me alone I just want to paint yeah again not waiting for the the paint to dry making my life harder for some reason than it already is with this challenge but again I like the way that the paint looks if that makes sense like it's all blurry and I was trying to do these like smooth lines but I think it looks quite cute like the blotchiness I can see it you know you have that kind of color and randomness you infer in cats I guess is that true I don't know I might be lying but I think it looks nice the next size is 5 by 5 centimeters so slightly smaller I think the hardest challenge here was actually just replicating what I was drawing so even if I was doing 15 by 15 centimeters again and again and again I would find that hard because I remember doing that in animation class and I just hated doing that that was the worst thing about animation for me is that that is quite difficult to keep everything on model so this was the same kind of thing I mean you could say that comics or there's you know you repeat the drawings again or people but I guess you do different angles and stuff in it's not as noticeable if you mess up a little bit I'm totally going on a tangent here never mind so painting this one was a little bit more difficult slightly difficult because obviously it's smaller duh and yeah I think this one turned out quite cute as well again the impatience of the paint I will never wait for paint to dry that's it okay so I don't know I just maybe I shouldn't be so hard on myself I should just enjoy it or or learn patience probably for me to just learn patience I went over a little bit with a pen here and I made a mistake because the ink kind of bled around her eyes and we got emo pesto and it was a mistake the next one is 2x2 centimeters I didn't measure this one out because you know screw continuity and yep during this out as predictably was a little bit more difficult then the 5x5 though it's easier because the time it took to draw it was really fast so I'm thinking from now on I'm just gonna do really small drawings and I've loads and loads of them done completed that's not really how it works is it no the face was really hard to draw actually to be fair because the size of my lead wasn't really helping with the size of the face yeah that made sense her ears here look very pointy and dangerous don't cut yourself on them whereas before they looked a little bit around her but hey guys drawing the two by two centimeter pesto is pretty difficult I guess she's not two by two centimeters she's more like one and a two point but oh shut up Steph okay yep and he can the face I struggled with but an attempt was made at the face I think the line work here was quite difficult because again of the two thinness of the paper if you do this challenge don't pick a really to free paper that was my mistake and I've learnt from it and you guys clone from it sorry about the shakiness of the camera when you zoom into such a small space you're gonna see every little nudge of the table and pretty much wrote off trying to paint within the lines here I knew it was just gonna mess up and I was definitely gonna paint over pesto's little white chest area but I didn't and it kind of looks quite cute I think you can see it here and I think it looks quite nice and I really thought everything was just going to go to absolute trash after 5 centimeters but it looks quite cute and it sort of worked out a little bit I had to add the whiskers on again of course and I wanted to add some of the fur texture with a pen but I think the hair sizes were probably a bit too small against the micron pen so it just didn't it didn't work so I didn't do it but that's 2x2 completed and now for the final size is that a hair you I'm sorry there's a lot of cats in this house swiftly moving on this size was 0.5 millimeters by 0.5 millimeters predictably I mean obviously this was difficult and I did my best it is a little bit recognizable as to what it is if you put it side-by-side with all the rest apart from that your sneeze it's gone so there you go that one's done I didn't even attempt to do anything else to it so that's it those are the sizes this is the 15 by 15 there we go that's the next one the next one emo pesto the 2 by 2 and wait when it goes did I inhale it is here and the 0.5 times 0.5 which is unrecognizable at this distance overall I really enjoyed this challenge it was just fun to do and I hope you guys liked watching it those are all the sizes thanks for watching guys please I can subscribe for more content and I will see you next time bye Fabian awesome [Music] [Applause] [Music] | The Average Artist | UC1u1Ty92qst9ZD2WbFJy-7A | 2018-12-01 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,530 | 7,571 |
Ae31FYyyKjQ | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ae31FYyyKjQ | Steve Harvey Just Fired His Entire Talk Show Crew.. Moves To L A | [Music] what's the family breaking news Steve saari otherwise known as Steve Harvey is firing his entire daytime talk crew and he's moving to LA to start a new show now what's telling about this is that these are people that he worked closely with every day and he didn't have the decency to tell them himself now some of you are gonna say well you know keep your fire on time nobody gets to talk to CEO CEO Don five people you know he gets his underlings to do it true but in this type of situation where you work in close quarters with the CEO and you're sharing personal stories every day talking about family hey how's the kids how's the wife you know you talk about what you did over the weekend on it it's a little different so put yourself in the same position somebody looking you in your face every day asking you about your personal life ask me how you're doing shaking your hand giving you hugs sharing their personal stories and you felt you have this camaraderie friendship you feel like you know your family been working with these people this this person for five years then all of a sudden somebody tells you that you're fired this person just saw you just walked by you five minutes ago didn't have the decency to tell you what was going on put you to sack had it been me I would have called a meeting with my crew if not just talking to them one-on-one and I would explain the situation and for the warrants if I if I was not going to retain any of them I would have said hey this is what it is for the walls that I was taking with me I went to them one by one now it's uncertain is it it's uncertain if he had one or two of them that he actually retained we don't know I'm sure he told them to stay quiet if he did but this is a dirty bastard you know somebody else anyways to show you do what he want to and you know we don't really know the sturdy yeah we know his story this this goes to the root of this dude's character this is who this Duty's type of duty is he alone how about even when he had his sitcom his Steve Harvey sitcom back in the gap I know people who worked on that staff who said he was a low-down bastard and talked about how he treated people on on the set this is a dude y'all keep in mind this is to do this the same dude did y'all love so much who kicked his own children's mother out of her house this to do the child the the mother of his child kicked her out on the streets made her homeless he bought some land from a white man and he allowed the white man to live on the land while he kicked his black wife out on the streets and y'all still love this [ __ ] come on man y'all still making excuses for this [ __ ] this [ __ ] is the devil man I don't care what me and my ex goes through what men the mother my children go through I would never do some [ __ ] that lowdown because regardless of how I feel about her my children I know for a fact love their mother with everything in them why would I purposely do something to hurt somebody today love so dearly I wouldn't do that to myself let alone my children because if I did it to them then my kids are going to resent anybody that hurt their mother including me but this is the type of dirty [ __ ] this dude he is here dirty low-down rotten scoundrel that is who he is is not hard to see he has a pattern so pathology this is what this dude is about this is what he had to say about the whole situation noticeably omitting any mention of the staff this would he see as I embark on this new adventure I'm excited to explore everything Los Angeles has to offer for this show Steve is going to be different than my current daytime show the new location will allow me to welcome more celebrity guests and more importantly let me do what I enjoy doing best being funny I thought you enjoyed this being a [ __ ] that's what I thought you enjoy I thought you enjoy Kooning that's what I thought you enjoy now here's the thing he may just have done the people who worked with him a favor the ones that he's not taking with him he may have done him a favor because you know when you work with somebody for a long time and you're around people a long time some of their ways tend to rub off on you especially a successful person because whether that person is a good person or a bad person that way is just tend to rub off on you because you're looking at that person and you want to be where they are you want have that same type of success and you may think that [ __ ] on people is the way to get them you may think that Coonan is the way to get this so he may have who knows he may have deterred some future Coonan some of y'all y'all may have been able to avoid that [ __ ] Kooning that he does cuz y'all know deep down inside of your [ __ ] cone everybody know that so it may have spared you but how can anybody be surprised about all of this this do kicked the mother of his own children then he back dog with a book do wrote a book what he actually he wrote the book I believe before he kicked kicked aside the mother of his children I but he wrote a book about relationships this is a dude that's been married three times that's just mad we ain't talked about all the other [ __ ] up relationship she's been in but he he's wrote a book about romantic relationships and he kicked this children's mother out into the streets made his children's too much time millionaire made his children's mother homeless and he married a woman who had babies for two cousins young writers she'd go in she gonna take his ass for everything he got that [ __ ] ain't gonna last she gonna take his ass on the ride that's how that's going here duck no this dude for a long time has been dead to me they just never made the announcement you didn't get any funeral arrangements and nothing like that he's bendy the what's telling the else though is that you know he got this thing that he does what he likes to talk about God all the time he learned where he but he'd be working that maybe working God on y'all asses yeah bother that [ __ ] too now he doesn't that ain't got no problem with God I got my own personal relationship with God I think everybody should have a personal relationship with God but all that throne God around Heathrow God around and he used it to me I think when it's convenient he use it to make people relax their defenses especially if somebody thinks somebody's gonna be critical of him or he's trying to win somebody over here throw God in there and i'ma tell you I'm always suspicious of people who do business and they start talking about God if we're doing business man let's do business and we're gonna have a discussion about God let's talk about God but if we do it bitumen you start talking about God man be like man I'm gonna start watching my antennas going I'm only watching you a little bit more because I know people who use that God as a tool to take advantage of people and it's a lot of people do it like con artists do that so I'd be very suspicious as a cat that always throwing God into the discussion it's God you may know pastor Nick you you're you are [ __ ] a see rated damn comedian who was able to to win on a scale to where you was able to [ __ ] you know get out of that with millions to trick the people in the millions and [ __ ] thinking that she was actually a king of comedy you you are on the do's who was actually on that stage you was the weakest I guess that's why they had you hosted yeah but anyway um another thing he likes to do he likes to cry a lot be very suspicious of a man cries a lot I would be very suspicious that anybody who cries a lot cuz once again that's often used as a tool to relax people's defenses so that you can get what you want babies do it all the time so I'm very suspicious of grown-ass 60-year old man doing it all that crying yeah he cry like um I was back so you cry like a [ __ ] but he don't cry my hear him cry like a [ __ ] she cried like a baby yeah all that [ __ ] be just streaming I'm like happy one this [ __ ] up all that goddamn crying be a man man uh grow some balls all that damn crying too much crying I know a man ain't supposed to cry but it's okay for a man to cry but that [ __ ] cried too much another thing you like to talk about his grandmama I would think that's a grandmama it would be real embarrassed by your ass right now your grandmama came up at a time when black people were getting hosed and your grandmother even before that your grandmother experienced a whole lot of disrespect a whole lot of [ __ ] disrespect and for you to take that struggle ass take it and start [ __ ] Kooning to me you [ __ ] on your grandmother's legacy so I can't see your grandmother being proud of your Kooning ass I can't see it at all [ __ ] cool I cannot see it let me tell you something man the same people that you're right Nass see on your way up you gonna see them on the way down that's guaranteed yo if y'all like the videos I'm shooting at you make sure you go join the movie go to patreon.com/scishow eli the link is in the description no more [Music] | Willie D Live | UCZbPLZcwiPab9TBj7-4DZBQ | 2017-05-08 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,788 | 9,289 |
aRo5tNQVimM | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aRo5tNQVimM | Anne Applebaum: Democracy in Crisis: The twilight of democracy | good afternoon everyone it's a real pleasure to see all of you here in the room at the michigan league here on the university of michigan campus welcome to the many of you i'm told many hundreds of you who are watching online welcome as well to those of you who are watching through detroit public television it's a really a delight for me to be able to be here today i'm michael barr i'm the joan and sanford wild dean of the gerald r ford school of public policy here at the university of michigan it's a great pleasure to welcome you today to this policy talks at the ford school special series featuring pulitzer prize-winning author historian journalism and commentator ann applebaum today's event is part of an ongoing series hosted by the ford school in partnership with wallace house the home for journalists here on campus as well as the university of michigan's democracy and debate initiative the series is entitled democracy and crisis views from the press the series which has been going on this spring will also continue into the fall features award-winning journalists on their insights into the forces threatening our country's democratic systems it also explores the role of the press and upholding democratic institutions at a time of demagogic attacks on the media and dramatic shifts in media ownership and independence in addition to our partners at wallace house and democracy and debate i also want to thank our partners at the gerald r ford library and museum as well as the gerald r ford presidential foundation and our media partners at detroit public television for their support of this event and the overall series today as i said i'm delighted to welcome journalist anne applebaum an expert on geopolitics an award-winning historian informed by her expertise in europe and her years of international reporting anne's work examines the challenges and opportunities of global political and economic change through the lands of world history and the contemporary political landscape particularly fitting to the democracy and crisis series anne's most recent book twilight of democracy the seductive lure of authoritarianism raises an alarm about anti-democratic trends in the west a theme we'll be exploring in just a moment and was recently named one of the top 50 thinkers of the coveted 19 age by prospect management prospect magazine a senior fellow of international affairs and an agora fellow in residence at the johns hopkins school of advanced international studies in washington dc she is also a staff writer at the atlantic i first met anne nearly 35 years ago in graduate school and i can tell you she was already then a great writer and a steely-eyed observer of the human condition i've been impressed ever since by her fearlessness and truth-telling and i'm so grateful she's with us today before we get started a quick word on format ann and i will be having a conversation for the first part of the event and afterwards we have some time for the and for questions from the audience i encourage our attendees here in the room to write your questions on the provided note cards and pass them towards the center aisle of the room they'll be collected and then curated by two ford school students radical aurora and renee rosas board members from our international policy students association our virtual viewers can also participate by submitting questions in the youtube chat box or tweeting your questions to hashtag policytalks with that i ask you to please join me in giving a warm welcome to ann applebaum and it's a delight to have you here in ann arbor thank you so much for joining us i know it is on this beautiful day yes you now have such beautiful spring weather here in your city thank you typical ann arbor weather for april we call it second march right more like a second january but okay yes fair enough fair enough uh the topics we're going to talk about today are often uh feel wintry and cold and dark and gray so it's fitting i want to start by having you talk a little bit about uh the opening scene from twilight and democracy you're describing a part of you through uh on new year's eve back in 1999 i wonder if you could talk with our audience a little bit about why that event was significant in terms of your own thinking about authoritarianism and democracy so so yes thank you very much i i appreciate the invitation to be here very much it's not the first time i've been at the university of michigan and i'm always happy to come back so my book twilight of democracy does begin with a party and actually the party itself had no significance at all so the only significance it began to have for me was when i began to think about it 20 years later and realized that i was not speaking to half the people who were there and i should explain the party was on was given in it was it was a new year's eve party in 1999 to celebrate the end of the millennium and it was a moment of great optimism the party was in poland we my husband is polish and we own a house in the countryside that we had renovated it had been destroyed and we we renovated it and um you know at that time it wasn't even furnished but it was therefore better to have a party in because there was no furniture in the sitting room um but it but the mood of the party you know they were our friends who were journalists and they were some were in politics already at that time um and we also had friends from london and friends from the united states and and the mood was very optimistic you know this was a moment when poland was um just beginning to emerge from the shock of of the end of communism was beginning to become a serious player in geopolitics was beginning to was making progress towards entering the eu and nato was becoming integrated with the world economy and i would say the people who were there in the room all agreed that this was a good thing and this was a good moment um and it felt very much like you know a moment when you know my my american friends and my british friends and my polish friends all more or less saw the thing the world the same way and and seem to agree 20 20 years later when i thought about who was at that party i actually had a lunch with my husband where we sat down and we tried to remember there is a last no existing guest list so i might have forgotten some people but i realized that some of the people were no longer friends of ours and it wasn't personal quarrels it was because there had been such a powerful and profound political divide in poland um that was you know this it was that we'd had a very polarizing um you know very polarizing five-year period in which people began to choose sides in a in a you know in a in in in politics in a very in in ways that made it almost impossible to speak anymore because the choices were so existential um that became a i mean that may have been just a personal story it became more interesting to me when i thought about my friends in the united states and my friends in britain and when i did some reporting in places like france and spain and i found that this kind of political divide had happened everywhere that where where where people who had been more or less in the same camp found themselves on very opposite sides in particular i mean there's a there would be a different story from people who came from the left but i my husband and i were part of what you could roughly call the center right i mean that we were anti-communists we were happy when the berlin wall fell um we believed in in rebuilding a poland that was integrated into the west and had you know a a market economy or a social market economy like germany's and we wanted it to be part of as i said the european and and transatlantic institutions um in the ensuing couple of decades though a part of the right in particular had come to different conclusions and had decided that the system that was built after 1989 was not didn't reflect their views or for a variety of reasons they were disappointed with modern poland or they were as in america part of the republican party became disappointed with modern america um a part of the tory party became disappointed with britain um that the country was not what it had been or not what they imagined it should be in some cases it was ideological in some cases it was personal you know they had not personally got what they wanted to get and so they they attached themselves to new radical political movements that seem to offer a different path into into politics um and you had the emergence of i mean it's very hard to know what to name this phenomenon sometimes you call them sometimes it's called populism although i have a lot of reasons maybe to it's too technical for this audience but a lot of reasons i don't think that's a good word because it echoes other things in other times and places um sometimes it's called populism sometimes it's called you know the rise of the far right um sometimes it's called um you know there's a you know national conservatism is a word that people use that also i don't think is very good but um but there was a the emergence of a movement on the right that was that that believed that there were the the the the political system liberal systems liberal democratic systems as they existed needed to be destroyed undermined rebuilt um that a different kind of politics um based on you know ideology and partisanship was necessary in order to do that and each each country has its different version of this in poland there was a there was a terrible plane crash involving one of the former presidents and a huge set of conspiracy theories were built around the plane crash and the effect of the conspiracy theories was to undermine public trust in institutions very similar to what happened in the united states if you think of the conspiracy theories around barack obama's birthplace you know it was that that was a birtherism was a thing that many people didn't take seriously i didn't take it seriously enough but if you think about what it suggested the idea that the american president was illegitimate that he was born outside the country that he wasn't really american that he shouldn't be president and that there's a giant cover-up designed to hide this fact from americans that's a really profound charge um and of course if that's true then all kinds of people are responsible you know congress and the white house and the press and i don't know the fbi all these institutions are colluding to hide the illegitimacy of the presidency from ordinary americans and that that conspiracy theory had depending on how you counted at which time something like 25 or 30 percent of americans believed it um and and we had a similar phenomenon in poland so the use of conspiracy theory to undermine public trust and in specifically to undermine trust in democratic institutions was something i started to see happening all across um you know western democracies really starting in about um well starting in you know 2013 2014. uh and so that's that's essentially what the book is about and the party was really a way of starting it to just to say where did we start and where are we now so ann you're talking about a very complicated relationship between an intellectual movement and the rise of authoritarian power and how do you see those connections what's the link that lets that kind of intellectual moment be seized or be driven by those who then end up assuming a much more authoritarian role in society why doesn't it you know fizzle out or or become shunted to the side what what what allows it to become this powerful force that you described so i i think there was there was a set of conditions that prevailed in europe and america you know starting as i say in the kind of from about 2010 maybe even earlier i mean you could probably date it to the financial crisis um there was a set of combinations that were partly economic and partly cultural you had really rapid political change and demographic change and sociological change so um you know and accompanied by this very rapid economic changes and shifts and whenever you have major changes like that things are left behind and so people who now say amer the america now isn't the america that i knew growing up you know it's different in all these ways they're not wrong i mean they're right you know there are there have been these you know rapid changes you know places that were prosperous are no longer prosperous and you certainly know that in this part of the country um but really everywhere in the country um things that were once considered unacceptable or now acceptable whether that's gay marriage or inter interracial marriage you know that that's changed a lot um you know ways of life that we once were familiar with you know some a lot of this is idealized you know it's you know a lot of a lot of what we remember about the 1950s is based on television programs about the 1950s rather than what people actually experienced in the 1950s but you know a kind of idealized vision of what america was is no longer there and there is a and therefore the development of very powerful nostalgia for that past and you can see this again it's repeated in so many countries that that it can't be um it's not this is not just an american phenomenon um you know and so you have a you know accompanied by that you have demographic change that in it's it works a little bit differently in europe and america but you have for example in in poland where i live part of the time you had in the in the 2000s you had a big exodus of younger people in particular moving to you know western europe to get better jobs um and here in the in in america we also have the phenomena of people leaving rural areas and moving to other parts of the country and so that leaves in rural communities and in provincial communities the sense that you know of loss you know we're losing people um and telling people that don't worry you know new immigrants are coming who will who will replace the workforce doesn't doesn't doesn't you know assault that sense of loss um and you had this very much in poland where as i said you had this this the the sense of the provinces that they were somehow left behind by the nature of of political change and that i i think was offered this opportunity for more radical politics to so so it's partly economic but it's more cultural um that that that the the appeal of some you know when you feel that your society is declining or changing in ways that you don't like then the arguments of somebody who says right well what we need now is to smash up everything and start again you know the system doesn't work it's terrible it can't be renovated it can't be fixed it can't be renewed what we need is something completely different you know and what we need is something autocratic is very it can be very appealing and so i think that's that's a part of the story i also think a part of the story is about power i mean the for people in politics to to to get the the idea that you know if we just change the nature of the playing field and make it uneven if we rewrite the rules so that we always win and we change the way the media operates and this is for example what happened in hungary so that there is no independent media and that it's very hard to find alternate voices then we can hold power indefinitely and of course there is that is very appealing and in fact the founders of the united states the people who wrote our constitution knew this very well i mean that's what they were talking about when they were writing it they were worried about demagogues by which they and they were all reading you know what they read was probably kind of bastardized versions of histories of greece and rome but they were reading about they all knew the story of julius caesar and the end of the roman republic um and what they were afraid of was that and they they say so in some of the in some you know the federalist papers and elsewhere and so they wrote the constitution with those very very weird rules that now have strange you know stranger consequences but one of the reasons it was written the way it was was precisely to fend off that possibility because you know so this is really nothing new um what's what feels new to us is really you know all of us i think in this room have this experience of having lived through this extraordinary successful period of american democracy starting really with the second world war um this experience of you know democracy plus prosperity plus international leadership um kind of probably culminating in 1989 but really continuing through the 1990s and this experience of continued success i think conditioned many of us to feel that this was inevitable you know that we would you know we would always be a democracy and there would be no challenges to it um but you know this inevitability had a certain danger about it because if it's inevitable then there's nothing that you really need to do to make sure that it continues because you know it's like tap water i mean the water comes out of the tap you don't have to think about where the water comes from you know it just comes from some reservoir somewhere and goes through some pipes and you turn on the water and it's there and we for a long time treated our politics like that well politics was just this thing that happened and you know there are some professional politicians and they're over there and they do their job and the rest of us go on with i don't know painting paintings or you know making money and we don't have to think about it because it it turns over maybe we go out and vote every four years but the idea that democracy required some kind of participation or some kind of campaign you know some kind of involvement beyond that for most people just didn't feel that necessary because you know as i said it was what was wrong and you know it was it was it was just the tap water um so so i think the what we're experiencing now is the end of that sense of inevitability and the realization that it might not last forever that there are ways in which you can gerrymander and alter the u.s voting system so that um you know a minority of the country can win permanently um which is what has just happened in hungary and that it could happen here i think the awareness of that is finally beginning to dawn on people and let's um let's dig a little deeper into that the authoritarian playbook that that you were talking about and maybe we'll we'll take hungary as an example because of the elections this weekend if you could just in a nutshell encapsulate the story of what has happened to hungary over the last decade and a half people get hungary is a country i know pretty well because i wrote a book um called iron curtain which was about the sovietization of eastern europe and one of the countries i focused on was hungry i had a lot of friends and contacts there and i spent a lot of time there like in about between 2006 and 2014 or so you know i was i was in the country a lot and so i was there during the early days of the of orban being in prime minister and so on and he it's very important to understand what he did because he is a democratically elected politician absolutely democratically elected he won in a landslide election against a very unpopular previous government um but what did he when he he he had also been in power once before had then lost and then he came back and the second time he came back he was really determined never to lose again um and um he therefore began to alter the rules of the system and he did it over a long period of time in some fairly subtle ways and so it wasn't always obvious to outsiders but you know small things like um you know altering the advertising market so that because remember hunger is a very small country so this is a big difference in the united states but in a very small country um you can effectively tell companies that need to do business with the government and most companies need to do some business with the government you can effectively tell them we don't want you to advertise in opposition newspapers so don't advertise in the press only in pro-government newspapers and if you if you do that then opposition newspapers begin to have financial trouble and they eventually go bankrupt and then once they go bankrupt you can have businessmen who are friendly to you by them so some of this was was some of this was just about they have in state media which is very important as it is in a lot of european countries and that could of course be made totally partisan but then the private press was also made totally partisan and this happened over a number of years and the point is that there are now no there's no television news in hungary that is not pro-government and there is no um you know they're they're i mean hardly the printed press hardly matters more any at all there are some little websites that are in the opposition and there's a radio station that is only available on the internet it's not a you know and can't get it on your radios so there are a few little things but it's mostly um a few couple radio stations but they're but mostly dominated by the by by the government you know the takeover the judiciary was done in the same way the the manipulation of the constitution so the constitution was rewritten constantly in order to make sure that the voting system gave an advantage to the ruling party and so over time the the ruling party became is is unbeatable because it eventually controls the business community it's got a kind of symbiotic relationship with the business community um it controls you know the media um it's it you know it um you know you can't really do business in hungary unless you are have a good relationship with them and through other means and bribery and so on it controls a lot of local politics and so people also vote for the ruling party because you know the ruling party is the source of everything you know local local funding you know if you want if you're a local mayor and you want them to build your street or you know build a bridge you need their support and so it becomes very hard to step outside of the system and so it's not a violent takeover it's not a and it's not um as ugly as it is in say venezuela which actually had a very remarkably similar form of uh of government takeover but but it's uh you know but it's nevertheless um it's not a democracy anymore and it's very hard to know how it will be unpicked but but in fact if you look back at the history of the last couple of decades most democratic failures nowadays i mean we have this image in our minds of i don't know that democracy ending with a coup d'etat and there's this tank on the street and you know the some colonel goes into the presidential palace and you know shoots up the windows or something and that's how the end of democracy looks like but actually most of the time that's not how it looks like it ends with the slow erosion of institutions um and the takeover by a strong man or by a political party if you look at venezuela that's exactly what happened and so it's and i essentially venezuela underlines the fact that this is not a right or left-wing issue i mean you can do it from either side of the political spectrum and you can do it the way both chavez actually and orban did it by declaring themselves to be the only legitimate power you know my opponents are traitors and foreigners and enemies um only i have the right to rule you know only i have um you know have legitimacy and once you do that then that gives you the sort of the right to you know undermine all these institutions because if if only one party has legitimacy then why should the other party be able to speak freely in public and why should they have the same right to contest for power um and so you know democracy is based on this very delicate you know assumption that everybody's playing by the rules you know you have to there has to be kind of everybody has to play by the rules there has to be a kind of public sphere in which debate can be had and in which you know people obey some rules about you know i mean even just rules about courtesy and rules about mutual respect i mean that's what if you think about it that's what parliaments are in congress is you know these elaborate rules about who speaks and how and when you know that's all about giving people everybody this right to voice their their views but and once that breaks down um it can be very hard to recover because um because who who can come back in and set the rules again so let me um bring the conversation for a bit here to the united states you've been describing this process in in hungary you've talked about in poland venezuela iran russia and many other places in the world but you've also talked about the erosion of democratic values here in the united states so how do you see that playing out here and what are the parallels and and dis similarities between what you're seeing here and and what you're seeing elsewhere in the world so unfortunately there are parallels and similarities and they're emphasized by the fact that you know a part of the um sort of new conservative establishment is very enamored of hungary they you know tucker carlson has broadcast his program from there um a part of the the cpac the which is you know the sort of conservative um kind of political conference has you know met in budapest you know there's a and they and they see that as a you know they're very open about seeing that as something they would something that they admire um both because orban i should i should have added this that orban also uses as his method of doing politics you know culture wars you know so he's always fighting against um you know the you know he's fighting against you know changes and attitudes to to gay rights he's fighting against feminism um he's fighting against um you know my immigration which actually there is i mean hungary is an interesting case where there isn't any immigration i mean not really because now there's a lot of ukrainians but um there was no significant immigration to hungary ever and yet he made the threat of immigration or the threat of foreigners into a major centerpiece of politics and you can see um you know there there are there are different problems on the left which we can talk about if you want but i mean you can see on the on the right you can see the admiration for these same kinds of tactics and the use of them i mean the um the focus on culture wars over real issues because these can animate and divide people um the the creation of enemies the dem you know demonization but also um the interest in you know in in in changing the rules i mean can you can you you know change the rules of voting so that you know some people are discouraged from voting and only the people who you want to have vote vote i know there's some voting rights people in the room because they came up and talked to me before and before before we started um you know and that you can see the the this rash of voting legislation across the country which is um which is very strange i mean and it's funny because not all of the legislation is is is that bad or is that you know but the point is that the only reason it's happening the reason why voting laws are being passed right now is as a response to to the conspiracy theory that the election was stolen in 2020 so again the use of conspiracy theory the undermining of respect for democratic institutions um the way in which that flows into um you know well we need to deal with this so we need to pass all these laws um you know the laws are unnecessary because they're dealing with a non-existent problem you know there was no rigged election in this country unlike you know in hungary but and so the you know the the republican party part of the republican party i shouldn't say all of it because very much not all of it but a part of it um you know kind of reconstructing itself as a um you know as a party designed to overthrow the american voting system and is designed to under undermine trust in the american voting system this is very familiar from other other times and places i mean you know in a way the the january six events were an extension you know i talked already about birtherism um you know the idea that um the you know the you know the the trump's kind of post-presidential campaign is is an extension of that you know the there is a conspiracy to take away um the votes of ordinary americans and instead to put in fake candidates for president and first obama was fake and now biden is fake um and that's that's a way of under again as i said undermining confidence institutions and giving people the sense that they need to do extra legal or extrajudicial you know actions including violent actions in order to you know take power we um are having in a couple days liz cheney speaking of republicans who are not in favor of uh january 6th um and liz cheney uh was just censored by the republican party they ousted her from her committee positions because she said very openly that what president trump did in january 6 was wrong and is now participating in the investigation of this commission so we have a conversation with her on wednesday with debbie dingle here you do see some of these fissures in the republican party but but overall there's a very strong trend towards supporting this uh set of changes in the republican party as well so either supporting them or not remaining silent yeah so how fragile given that how fragile is the system that we have how fragile is our democracy right now how worried should we be american democracy is very hard i find and i'd love to know what other people here think it's very hard to make broad judgments about because it it can be very robust locally or in in states or in cities i mean you can see how it it very often works differently in a local level at a national level you know nationally though it's clear that we have big problems i mean people you know national politics have become a form of entertainment you know people don't seem to take seriously the issues i saw recently a poll about the infrastructure bill that biden passed and the question on the poll i'm sorry i'm not going to remember the exact numbers but essentially it was you know are you pleased with the infrastructure bill and some very high number of percentage of people thought it hadn't passed at all um because you know the way in which people get information is so convoluted they thought well there was no infrastructure but well actually there was and they're going to be bridges built and you know and so on um and maybe that's the fault of the bite administration for not selling it and not you know nowadays you have to really repeat yourself over and over and over again to be heard but the but national politics is a sort of circus and it's not taken seriously and people don't um people don't focus on it or when they do they consider it some as i said a form of a kind of extended reality television show and that makes it very hard to create any change i mean when you know what's often successful at the national level is again the use of culture war the use of divisiveness um you know you get attention by being loud and insulting rather than by being you know decent and and and productive um it makes it very hard to see how um a well-run democracy will survive at least you know at least at that level it's interesting we we had jeb bush here last week and governor bush made exactly the same point you did right which is our politics have become corroded because even when you have a substantive view that you know is not linked tightly to this idea of divisiveness or polarization you get all your attention and your votes and your activity from being polarizing rather than right working on the substantive thing that you you might actually might get done together with people who disagree with you right on other issues right right much harder to to make progress right well you have jeb bush endless cheney that's very good so we um we got two of them yeah yeah exactly you know here in michigan uh we had a plot to kidnap our governor it's there's a trial going on right now of the gentleman who were accused of that and there was a lot of disaffection in our community against governor whitmer about her response to the coveted 19 pandemic right there's obviously enormous dissatisfaction in our society on lots of things how do why does that when does that translate the disaffection translate into things like january 6 and things like kidnapping the governor as opposed to kind of normal politics where you work it out in the context of the existing political system i mean it's interesting there's a lot of political science about this like when do politics become violent and there um you know there have been a couple recent good books on this subject actually um where you know when does the civil war start you know when does when does violence start and what are the triggers and actually according to the political scientists the u.s has a lot of the triggers you know it's when you have it's mostly about distrust in institutions so if people don't believe that the voting system is fair if they don't believe that um you know the the f the police and the fbi are politically neutral if they begin to see them as the enemy um um and it's also when people begin to view their political opponents not just as you know legitimate members of the opposition but um enemies of the state or or existential threats um this is this is when you begin to get actual violence i mean in other societies i mean in the united states as i said we're a very strange country because we're so big and because politics are different in different places i mean you know you you hear these sort of american civil war comments but of course there's no scenario in which i can envision you know uh you know this is the 1860s and you have an army lined up on one side of the potomac and another army on the other side you know i can't see that um but i can see you know pieces of political violence breaking out in different places i mean we've actually that happens already and we had january the 6th um you know there were there was violence around the black lives matter demonstrations i mean those are that was that was a little bit different but i mean that there is you know at some of the edges that you we have it already so we have a lot of our own problems internally without any external sources of disinformation but you've also written about the way in which russia has attempted to introduce disinformation in our society how how important is that in the mix of things we should be worried about so you know it's very hard to gauge the relative weight of these things um but you know it's it's it's you know the russians had for a decade actually i mean starting starting 10 years ago um have been thinking about how to you know that you know one of their main foreign policy goals well their central foreign policy goal is to undermine you know undermine western democracy to dismantle the european union to dismantle nato and to get the americans to leave europe and that that's been their you know openly stated i should say goal for a decade um you know all those things make sense from their point of view you know the european union you know when when russia is is negotiating one-on-one really with any european country even germany they are either the same size or much bigger when they're negotiating with the eu they're much smaller and less powerful you know when and the same goes for their use of military i mean they although we all think differently about the military this week in russia than we did a month ago but um the same is true you know that them them one-on-one with lithuania is very different from being one-on-one with nato now i wonder if lithuania might not do better than we thought it was going to do but but but um uh so that's been their goal for a long time and also from the russian point of view and this is important to the war in ukraine from the russian point of view the language of democracy and even the the sort of ideology of democracy is is itself a problem aside from our foreign policy or so on in our institutions um from and this is not from the point of view of russia i should say but the point of view of putin and the putin regime you know so so putin is a strange figure because he's simultaneously very powerful and also in some ways very weak and so he's very powerful inside his society because he controls things in a way that we can't even imagine i mean imagine an american president controlling congress the white house the judiciary the supreme court the fbi the cia you know exxon facebook google general motors um and the new york times the washington post the wall street journal fox cnn and i don't know whatever else you know nbc um and and putin has that kind of control so he controls the media the business community and at the same time he is constantly conscious of the fact that he doesn't have anything like popular legitimacy he has not been elected democratically maybe the first time sort of but after that never so he's he's never you know he he's never he's never won in a legitimate way and he's very unusually paranoid about um democratic activism in russia when it wouldn't there was a big wave of it in in 2011. um again alexey navalny's movement was was beginning to to gather speed more recently and he's he's extremely paranoid about that and sees all of it as a kind of part of a western plot to you know to him he's he's somebody who's incapable of seeing anything nothing is grassroots nothing is authentic nothing is real everything is manipulated if he sees demonstrators in moscow his first reaction is oh that was organized by hillary clinton you know or the cia literally um you know hillary clinton herself remembers that i happen to know but that was one of the things he said in 2011. um and so you know he sees himself as being you know the victim of this these plots using democratic language to unseat him um and he saw ukraine as the you know as this he thinks it's a fake country that had been manipulated in order to become part of the same plot so what he hates about ukraine is the fact that it's a it wants to be a democracy and that it wants to be part of the west or the western institutions and that's what he you know and that is a thing he can't tolerate and so that he's launched this existential war and inside our country um you know the russian tactics have been there they were there for a long time and then they started to gain currency as they began to learn how to use facebook in particular um but other forms of social media as well um to spread bet so what what it's very important understand that what they learned to do was not they don't promote russia you know they don't care what we think of russia you know so what what they seek to do and what they sought to do was create division so whether it was supporting far-right anti-immigration groups in idaho or whether it was supporting um you know black lives matter groups and and messaging to them that you know hillary clinton is a racist um you know there were different messages for different communities but they were all designed to undermine you know unity and increase division and increase dissatisfaction and that was that was their social media campaign in 2016. um you know and this is this is not subject to any controversy at all this has been both the senate intelligence committee and the mueller report you know have described very precisely what was done and it was also this camp you know elements of this campaign were seen by hundreds of thousands of people you know you know millions i should say not hundreds of thousands i should say millions of people and so these are these are campaigns that were very far-reaching they had a big impact so these things are impossible to measure um but of course one of the things they they also did was they you know i think that actually a part of the republican party learned from them how to do some of the same things and so you saw during 2016 you actually saw trump using russian messaging there was a whole weird moment when he was talking about hillary clinton um starting world war iii and barack obama having been the founder of isis these were originally russian disinformation campaigns that he picked up and used in 2016. i don't exactly know where they came from but that he but he did do that um and so so understanding how this you know so so this is this is what they do here in in other countries they've been they've been much more explicit so in you know in france um uh in germany and in italy they've actually funded far-right parties you know sort of pro-russian and anti-european and anti-democratic political parties and they do it sometimes through direct funding and sometimes through offering business deals to people who are close to the party leadership and so they um you know and the point of doing that was also once again to create these fissures i mean even if those parties couldn't win like i don't think the far right in germany will ever win an election but they're they're disruptive all right you know and they have their 11 or whatever it is in the bundestag and that's enough to make it difficult to form a coalition and so on so you know so the so they they do have an impact on on politics almost everywhere and at least in europe and america let's um bring the conversation back to to europe and in particular to ukraine obviously people are watching uh now on a daily basis what's going on on the ground in ukraine the situation is i think quite different from what people expected just a month ago as you said uh horrifying images of the uh civilians killed uh that were released just uh just a couple days ago but i wonder whether you could take us up a step from the kind of daily grind of the war and set it in historical context about the relationship between russia and ukraine the soviet relationship with ukraine stalin's uh tactics and policy in ukraine so people have a longer historical perspective about the relationship so i mean i think the best way to understand the relation between ukraine and russia is to understand that ukraine was essentially and it's a little more complicated than that but essentially a colony of russia um think a little bit about the relationship between ireland and great britain a little bit like that up until the end of the 19th century in that it was a territory that had been you know conquered long ago it was um kind of had been cult there was a cultural mix there was back and forth you know there were ukrainians who went to moscow and made careers and um so it's it's a um you know it was a very long relationship and the russians had this attitude to ukraine again a little bit like the british towards the irish until until irish independence a little bit had this attitude of you know it's a peasant culture they don't have a real language they don't have any you know they can't possibly rule themselves um you know you know they're they're an integral part of our country i mean it was a it was a kind of paternalistic colonial attitude to ukraine um and that's been there for you know 200 years i mean that's that's nothing new to more recently what putin has added to that was the thing i spoke about before namely was this sense that ukraine had become you know it acquired the trappings of statehood that it wasn't really a real country and that it was being used by the western powers it was a western puppet state that was being used to undermine russia and that ukrainian democracy was illegitimate and that it's really all fake and it's a it's a it's a way of inspiring russians to be you know to be anti-putin and so that has and then you know then something happened during putin was in virtual isolation for a lot of the coveted pandemic um he was very afraid of getting sick and he made anybody who went to see him had to be in quarantine for two weeks before getting to be in his presence and for that reason you know he was he was very isolated and he seems to have really fixated on this idea that ukraine is an existential threat to russia and it needs to be eliminated um and there is no question that the original purpose of the war was that the the the battle plans which actually we know because um the u.s intelligence had them and had them as early as last november and that's why there were these warnings about it described an assault on kiev that would last for three days and then a march slow march across the country that would take about six weeks you know all the way to the polish border and the russian assumption was that that was going to be possible and part of the reason they made that assumption was because they believe they're in propaganda you know ukraine's not a real country therefore it doesn't have a real army um therefore it's not going to fight back um and the you know that was that was a gross mid-count miscalculation um the other part of their assumption also because they read their own propaganda was that the united states is now so divided and so chaotic and its politics are so bad that americans will not do anything the nato has been so um also so divided by the trump years you know because trump was a was a source of constant attack on nato that nato will also not be divided and you know putin must have assumed that his investments into business people and and political parties and in germany and france and and you know britain and elsewhere would pay fruit and he he assumed that he you know that that would all be true and of course his you know those are the some the assumptions were wrong and there was it was still possible to to rally nato the assumptions about ukraine were wrong um it's also very there's some funny aspects to this i mean the the russians were paying ukrainians so they had a there was sort of these pro-russian politicians in ukraine and locally as well as nationally um and they were i think they spent a lot of money on creating a sort of fifth column that was then meant to organize this coup d'etat and the amusing thing is of course you know if you pay people to be on your side they might just decide well i'm just going to take the money and not do anything and that seems to be what happened um and when push came to shove that you know nobody wanted to collaborate and all these collaborators turned out to be you know unreliable um but you know but the but the essential assumption was that this would be an easy war to win um for you know the the ukrainian so i was in kiev in december and at that time this is before the war um i was told that the ukrainian army was already then planning to fight almost as a guerrilla force even though it's a real army you know they they were going to divide up into small groups so that they wouldn't it wouldn't be possible to just drop a bomb on you know they they don't have a lot of large and expensive pieces of equipment um but instead what they were going to use were these you know javelins and stingers you know in order to stop it and this there was a lot of skepticism about that plan but it looks like it it it i mean it has not succeeded yet but it has it certainly stopped the assault on kiev um and there northern ukraine is is now the russians are gone and kiev's is for the moment um relatively safe um anyways you know the war is still going on and it will um you know the you know much depends on and the military outcome is still very important so the degree to which the ukrainians can push back the russians and prevent them from taking more territory will affect the final settlement so i don't think anybody has really stopped fighting yet thanks i'm going to turn over to our students now who are going to ask some questions they've collected from the audience those who are here in person as well as those who have submitted questions online it looks like you're still maybe gathering the questions so do you have one to to start erratica yeah we do um as you had mentioned we have spent some time collecting questions in advance of this event as well as in real time as anything comes up and so thank you both for facilitating this really interesting conversation covering both a range of domestic as well as international topics i did want to kick this off with a question we received focusing on domestic issues and do you see or think that there's any you know significant common ground between the two sides of the current political divide and do you see a path to refocus the public on common interests values and goals i think at least initially there was some rare perhaps bipartisanship on the ukraine issue and is that maybe emblematic of a turning point or a shift or is is this kind of a one-off event uh when it comes to that bipartisanship so so the the the bipartisanship around ukraine is really interesting and maybe we can learn something from it i mean i you know one of the things that's happened in ukraine is you know our kind of culture war for the past decade has been based on this idea that you know this sort of just to be incredibly crude about it the sort of liberals who believe in an open society blah blah on the one hand and then kind of muscular nationalism on the other hand and one of the things the ukrainians are doing is they're showing us that there can be a kind of muscular patriotic defense of an open society and liberal values and i think one of the reasons why zelensky has been so captivating to western audiences and not just in this country but in europe as well and around the world is his is his ability to you know to to to bring together these different ways of of talking about the state um uh and the but you can also see you know almost this relief that people have of being able to talk in a unified way about a foreign policy issue again i mean so so there are i even wonder now retrospectively whether you know we always said that nato and you know the u.s involvement in europe after the war you know this was something we did for europe right we it was a kind of um that had an effect on european democracy and it sort of but i i wonder in retrospect if we haven't underestimated the way in which the transatlantic alliance wasn't also good for democracy in the united states in that it made democracy a central part of our national definition this is who we are this is what we do at home this is what we do abroad um it gave us the feeling that we were part of this community which we were i mean it wasn't just a feeling um you know with the british and the french and the germans the post-war germans um and it gave us a sense of national purpose i mean that's not to say that everything we did during the cold war was good or that we were always on the right side of every issue but but having that be the um having that be the part of the national self-definition i think was quite important um and so you know maybe there are maybe there are other things that we could do that would revive that sense um you know the war in ukraine is clearly one thing maybe there are other foreign policy issues that could unite us um i mean funny enough i always thought you know if you look at countries that have had a bad history of civil war and conflict and i i once wrote something in which i looked at partly at northern ireland um as an ex not that it's we have anything in common with northern ireland but as a as an example you know what was what was peace building like in northern ireland you know which has been not entirely successful but somewhat successfully they don't kill each other that much anymore um what is peace building like well a lot of it was about infrastructure i mean a lot of it was about what are the community projects that we can do together build trust that we not even you don't even have to build trust you just have to be able to argue about it in a way that doesn't make you want to murder one another so we can talk about building a bridge across the river and we can disagree about where the bridge should be or how much money we should spend on it you know and but having that com we can be in a single conversation and but it's not an existential crisis it's not about you know who we are and do we still exist you know it's about it's about should we build the bridge here or there um and then nobody wants to murder one another because of that at least not most of the time um and so the more and you know and this by the way is what i thought biden did very well during the election campaign the more that politics can be refocused on real things that we can all understand and talk about and participate in and not mythical culture war you know issues about you know what kind of a nation we are the better politics will be um and the more we can pull in we can have bipartisan conversations so if there's a you know the the the more concrete it can be the more it's about the economy the more it's about real things that people can feel and unfortunately that's easier at the state level and even at the city level than it is at the national level because as i said you know biden can pass an infrastructure bill at half the country won't know he passed it um so but the more you know the more concrete the more pragmatic and the more practical the issues are the more we can change the subject away from um [Music] i don't know you you know ideology sorry ideology ideology and the more we can focus it on on practical things you know the better chance we have of finding some common language thank you for your response the next question is you mention your concern with using the word populism do you have any qualms or discomfort using the term fascism describe what's going on in america these days given some debate about the usage of this word outside the specific european context i can't quite understand hey do you mind taking off your mask just for a second sorry about that so much sorry about that um the next question is you mentioned your concern with the use of the word populism do you have any qualms or discomfort using the term fascism to describe what's going on in america these days given some debate about the usage of this word outside of the specific european context so so so the word populism to be clear i don't like it because particularly in english because we had a populist movement in the united states in the 19th century that was completely different from what we're talking about now and so it creates confusion about what the word means and what exactly we mean i mean really what we're talking about here is a movement towards you know maybe towards autocracy or towards a much more majority you know anti uh you know the the the use of minorities to control the majority so we're talking about something different from 19th century populism is a i have a long running argument with a couple of friends about this including there's a there's a there's a yale academic who is sometimes on twitter who i who's written a book about fascism and why what we're seeing now in the u.s and elsewhere is exactly that and the problem i have with the word fascism is not that it's um totally inaccurate but that it immediately makes people think of the holocaust in the second world war and therefore it's a distracting word um and so i understand that the some of the tactics used by the far right now are similar to tactics used say in italy you know in the 1930s or or germany in that earlier period as well and some of the you know this this idea about creating political division as a way of doing politics um you know the use of um you know the creation of the you know the impression of you know creating fear using fear and violence as a way of of doing politics but some of that you can see parallels to the 1930s but i don't think the word is is useful because it's as i said it you know we're it's it's a you know it brings us back to a historical period in which different things happened and there was a different outcome and so i don't like to use it but i i don't think it's a i don't think it's an incorrect just you know it's not i don't know it's it's not um it's not that they're historically wrong and it's not that there aren't parallels it's that it creates the wrong echoes today i think all right and and you of course are a story journalist writing for the atlantic as well as other publications and really zeroing in on that role of journalists and the complicated relationship at times they have with the u.s public what would you say is the number one thing that journalists need to do so that when they report facts they are believed and they are trusted and what can audiences do to be more mindful of the content that they are consuming i mean those are those are difficult questions because the question of who you trust um you know can depend on who you are and what kind of politics you have um you know i was involved in a really interesting and sort of wacky research project a few years ago that that we did with an italian newspaper called corriere de la serra and the the point of the project was to look at how italians responded to articles about the migration crisis which was then happening in italy and elsewhere in europe and one of the things we discovered was that um you know we and we sort of measured responses to different articles you know people would write an article and you know there were different styles you know some people write um you know narrative some people wrote feature pieces and what and and one of the things we discovered is that surprisingly a lot of the sort of emotional you know i'm following a new an immigrant from north africa through his day and i'm you know the sort of personal pieces did not build trust and a lot of the very basic informational pieces did so here's what happened yesterday and also what's often very important is articles that offer some kind of constructive solution so not there's this terrible problem and we're in a huge crisis but here is what the government in rome is doing about this problem and here is how they're trying to fix the problem you know so and there's a whole school of journalism actually called constructive journalism that looks at um you know that tries to emphasize not just an analysis of what's going wrong but also how we fix it and even you know denmark which is very into this idea and has spent a lot of time where a lot of people thought about it for example television programs that bring together different stakeholders in a problem i'll use the bridge again you know we have a bridge we need to build and people disagree about where the bridge should go they'll bring people who live on both sides of the river and they'll bring the mayor and they'll bring the taxi drivers and they'll put them on a television program and have them discuss the bridge and that's a form of constructive journalism where the point is to create consensus and to find an outcome the problem with it is and this is the problem with human nature is that it's sometimes boring [Laughter] you know do you want to watch the television program about the bridge wouldn't you rather take a sign and shout over my dead body i will have no bridge here you know um and so that is a and the conflict between those things you know in in journalism is very real um you know the other thing that you have to deal with in journalism is the fa and this is somewhat diff changing a little bit but was that at least until very recently um the way people were making after the sort of collapse of the old business models when when the you know journalism made its money out of advertising one of the ways in which people could make get more money and more you know more online attention and traction was by was by being extreme and by being very emotional so if you're more extreme you're more emotional and you have an angrier headline and you can see this on twitter still you know then you get more attention and more people like you and you know argue about what you say and so the incentive for journalism um and this was an incentive that came by the way from the readers you know as much as from anybody else the incentive was towards um you know was towards louder more angry more emotional writing and that was coming from the readers and also came from the nature of social media which you know facebook as everybody forgets is an advertising company it's it makes its money off of advertising um it's not a it does not make its money off of creating consensus or promoting better speech you know it or better conversations um and so and because journalism was connected to facebook because facebook you know articles get promoted on facebook or on other social media and then spread faster um there was uh that had a really negative impact on journalism and so the incentive to do this kind of constructive um constructive projects was was reduced it's changing a little bit at least in in larger newspapers because so more many more of them now rely on subscription rather than um rather than advertising um and if you rely on subscription then what you're doing is you you have a community of people who support you and you become a trusted voice in that community and the downside of that is then you're only speaking to your community but that was of course always the case with newspapers thank you so much for your response the next question is focusing on ukraine well off-ramps can the west offer putin to end the war in ukraine and what do you see reconstruction efforts looking like for the rebuilding ukraine and realigning or strengthening european security after all of this so we cannot offer any off-ramps there will be no process by which we you know suggest something and the war ends um the war will end when putin is no longer feels it is his interest to fight it um and at that point there can be i believe there can be some kind of negotiation there are negotiations now by the way as you know in in turkey and um and in uh and and elsewhere um but the war will end when putin feels it is he can't prosecute it anymore and when you know when he decides that what he'd rather do rather than fight this existential war to get rid of this state that he hates on his borders when he decides that instead he can sell to the russian people an argument well at least we got the ukrainians to recognize donbass or we achieved x or y whatever that is it's also very important to understand that people will and i you hear this all the time you know that ukraine should make territorial concessions in order to end the war that's all very well but it's very important that outsiders remember what territorial concessions in this context mean and we just saw with this in bucha yesterday that the occup russian occupation of ukrainian territory is going to mean the arrest and maybe murder you know kidnapping of local mayors and local leaders it's going to mean random terror and violence decorating you know and aimed at civilians it could mean you know the mass destruction or looting of property you know so any any territory that is consigned to russia by some you know international line drawing or whatever it's going to be it means you know horrible crisis and disaster for the people who live in it and therefore it is not something either that the ukrainian president can do morally or politically with any ease you know there you know there is no appetite in ukraine for giving away anything not because like they're so stubborn and they want their territory but because you know the the significance of giving away territory is they consign their compatriots to um to life in a in a in an authoritarian occupied state um and so it's very important for everybody to remember that that that's that's why um you know the idea that if they just make concessions it will be over isn't sufficient i mean it's also the case that ukraine needs some reassurance that this isn't going to happen again in three years you know this war is really the continuation of war that started in 2014. so it's already you know and in 2014 putin tried to go farther he failed he pulled back he regrouped he did you know eight years of propaganda in russia about the you know the danger from ukraine you know and then he started it again um and they will need some sense that this won't you know that this isn't some kind of recurring um this is some kind of recurring problem and so i think um but you know i do think that because putin controls the narrative in his own country um you know that he has still hasn't told the russians that this is a war he calls it a special military operation um which has prompted some people to say well in that case you know you don't have to these aren't sanctions it's just a special financial operation you know so we're not going to bother lifting them but but the but the but it's a special military operation and so he's still in the position i think of being able to say special military operation has ended we we got international recognition of x or y um and therefore it's over so i can imagine that happening but but we're not there yet because first the ukrainians have to win i mean they have to they have to expel russian troops from their country and that is not easy and following up on uh you know this conversation on putin and and i think even just a sphere of sphere of influence we touched on hungary a little bit um and a question came into around if you expect the invasion of ukraine to meaningfully alter the trajectory towards a liberal democracy um that's been underway in poland over the last decade and in poland exactly honestly it's genuinely too early to say because you know my experience of the coveted pandemic was that everything you thought was true about it at the beginning was not true six months later um and i think this may be the same i mean right now you have in poland just this upsurge of pro-american pro-european sympathy and remember this is a government in poland that was very close to believing in january 6 conspiracy theories you know they they didn't announce that biden had won on their national on state television which is very very partisan um they didn't announce that biden was the president for several weeks and so on i mean now they're you know we love biden and you know he he just got this very warm reaction in warsaw and there's also some divisions emerging even inside this kind of far-right group that runs the government where some now are very pro-american and want to head back towards the mainstream and some don't so there's a there's a there's a disagreement i mean but there are a lot of things that aren't you know we don't know and so right now there's this you know upsurge of sympathy for the refugees there are two million refugees in poland um and remember this has happened in three weeks you know so very rapid and almost all of them are staying in people's houses so there's a it is almost entirely grassroots you know ngo and charities have organized this placement of ukrainian in people's private homes and right now that's that's fine and we um we had some in our polish house as well um and right now that's that's fine what it will look like in six months if the war doesn't end and if it's not possible to return home i think most of them right now want to return home i don't know and it's very hard for me to predict um you know whether people will get tired and whether there will be an anti-refugee and anti-ukrainian surge of feeling there will certainly be you know russian and other you know groups trying to create such a feeling i mean that's you know you would expect that that's what happened in in europe after the after the syrian um immigration arrived um and i expect something like that will happen too um and so it's very hard for me to say what what this will look like you know in in in six months i mean one thing to understand about the refugees that part of the they're almost entirely women and children and old people and that means that the reception of them has a different flavor you know it's understood that these are people who are not economic refugees they are genuinely fleeing a crisis and so that creates this kind of sympathy that we haven't had for other refugee groups but again what that will look like when the school system collapses three months from now or when the health care system can't cope with two million extra people we'll see and we're almost at time and uh this has obviously been a set of very difficult topics to to go through but i wonder whether i might ask you to give our audience both here and online some sense of what they might do as citizens of a democracy and citizens of the world to affect this course of action about democracy globally and here at home so one of the you know the fact that democracy is not inevitable makes people nervous you know the idea that it might not be forever is creates anxiety but it should also be the thing that creates optimism and possibility because if that's you know democracy is not inevitable but you know dictatorship is not inevitable nothing is inevitable you know what happens tomorrow depends on what we do today and so the you know the actions of everybody the participation of everybody whether it's in elections whether it's working you know as a as a in a in a polling booth whether it's working in a local institution or ngo organization or joining a political party or standing for office or supporting somebody else who's standing for office whatever you do in your community matters and makes a difference and that will affect what happens next um and so really that's the the idea you know the fact is that we all have agency and we can all affect the course of events um and it's it's that that we have that people who live in dictatorships don't have you know we have this this possibility of creating change you know we don't always know how to use it and we don't always use it well and we don't always have time and so on but but it's open there for us if we want it um and we're you know we are so lucky to have that you know if you you know and we're so lucky that we don't have to defend it with you know with weapons and a territorial army right now i mean what what what are the ukrainians fighting for they're fighting for that right you know the just the right to have the ability to decide for themselves how their society will be run and what its rules are um and we you know we take that for granted because we've had it for 250 years with a few glitches in the middle and you know it's therefore incumbent on all of us to to take pride in the fact that we have it and to use that possibility um and i know there you know none of you would be here tonight if you didn't if some of you if you didn't believe that so thank you very much for coming uh please join me in thanking anne mabon for this great conversation [Applause] thank you so much for doing this you | Ford School of Public Policy | UCX3nrxx0QvBLjsN2uU0WS4Q | 2022-04-04 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 13,399 | 71,381 |
-GHN4cWBFkQ | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GHN4cWBFkQ | Brown Book of the Hitler Terror | Dudley Leigh Aman Marley | War & Military | Book | English | 7/7 | chapter 10 of brown book of the hitler terror this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit librivox.org recording by beth thomas brown book of the hitler terror by lord mali chapter 10 murder murder stalks through germany mutilated corpses are carried out of nazi barracks the bodies of people disfigured beyond recognition are found in the woods corpses drift down the rivers unknown dead lie in the mortuaries during the world war lists were published of those who were killed the lists were even exchanged between enemy governments the hitler government is naturally not so liberal as to publish the list of all its victims only a small number of the murders ever appear in the press and then in the form of shot while trying to escape or in some similar lying form and if anyone were to try to get at the truth he would suffer the same fate torture and death on march 22nd a general amnesty was proclaimed for all criminal acts committed in the fight for the national revolution this general amnesty is a license for all past and future murders hitler's comrades of patempa there is no complete list of the victims of nazi knives and bullets even in the months preceding hitler's entry into the government certainly there must have been many hundreds murdered social democrats communists and members of the catholic parties as well as non-party workers a wave of murderous attacks on social democrats communists and members of the democratic parties developed in the first half of august 1932. in many towns these occurred on the same day showing clearly that they were organized in january 1933 under the schleicher government the number of crimes of violence perpetrated by national socialists rose very rapidly and after hitler became chancellor they increased from day to day in the first half of february 27 working men and women were murdered by nazi storm troops the most notorious case in the summer of 1932 was the murder of a worker in patempa a village in upper silesia a murder gang of nazis who had first drunk heavily in an inn forced their way into a house where a communist worker lived and literally trampled him to death in front of his aged mother when all the bestial details of the crime had been disclosed in court and the death sentence had been passed on some of the criminals hitler openly came to their defense and in a letter described them as my comrades they were pardoned by the papan government immediately after march 5th 1933 that is even before the general amnesty these murderers were amnestied by hitler and again let loose upon the working class the murders and how they are hushed up as in all other sections of this book we rely in this chapter only on material which has been carefully checked up the main sources are accounts of eyewitnesses and reports published by the press in germany which has been brought into conformity these press reports not only reveal the murders but also show the methods used to hush them up methods which unintentionally often provide proof of the crime in the month of march 1933 reports of political murders still appeared in the press as a result of the initiative of the reporters but in spite of the fact that the only surviving newspapers had been brought into conformity so many reports of murders began to appear that they became dangerous for the hitler government in the course of april the reporting of murders was taken out of the hands of the press itself and even of the local census appointed by the hitler government the following announcement was issued by the wolf telegraph bureau berlin 2nd of april wolf telegraph bureau the government has advised all news agencies that reports on incidents in germany particularly reports on conflicts arising out of the jewish boycott must not be published without express sanction from the press department of the reich government no alteration of the wording of the report as passed for publication is permitted as a result of this centralization of the censorship a concrete picture of incidents is seldom given and if any details appear they are almost certain to be contradictory there are many ways in which the incidents are dealt with so as to conceal the true facts in the first place bodies found are said to be of unknown persons in most cases the police can immediately identify such bodies as the dead persons have already been reported as missing or as having been taken away by force but the reports do not disclose their identity secondly a great number of murders are represented as suicides the following report of the murder of councillor kresser of magdeburg shows how clumsily the truth is concealed magdeburg 14th march tu an incident resulting in bloodshed occurred late on sunday evening at fel galebin near magdeburg at an inn which had been used as a voting station the social democratic council accressa who arrived at the inn from magdeburg was taken into custody by the police officers there at the request of a number of storm troopmen in another room an argument developed between cresser and a number of storm troopmen in the course of which cressa fired a shot at the national socialists severely wounding the storm troop leader gustav lehmann everyone ran out of the inn into which several shots were then fired from outside shortly afterwards cressa was found dead in the inn with a bullet through his head a postmortem examination is now being carried out to establish whether cresser after his revolver attack put an end to his own life or whether he was killed by one of the shots fired into the inn from outside the national socialist party press has a tendency to make such reports as sensational as possible for example the volkswagen bow bacter of april 25th presents one of the worst cases of lynching as suicide in the following terms terrible suicide smeared with tar and burnt a man living in a bungalow on the honomoa has committed suicide by a terrible method he went into the tool house built onto his bungalow where there was a barrel of tar after taking off some of his clothes he smeared himself with tar and set fire to the barrel he died in the fire which resulted the motive of the suicide was melancholia the bungalow was completely burnt down the suicide was a married man with several children the third method is to ascribe to natural causes deaths which take place in hospital as a result of nazi brutalities in a number of cases for example that of dr eckstein of breslau the report is used to slander the individuals after their death references to venereal diseases are made to discredit the victims the fourth method is to suggest that the motive of the crime was not political in such cases naturally no details of persons or motives are given as for example the following report published in germania of may 15 1933 a police report states that on saturday evening hensler a slater was forced by several persons to accompany them to number 21 lessing stressor shortly afterwards the neighbours heard a number of shots hensler was found in the loft severely wounded and taken to hospital where he died within a short time the criminals escaped without being recognized the fifth method is the use of a formula which since the murder of carl libneckt and rosa luxembourg has had a quite definite and unambiguous meaning the formula shot while trying to escape here is a typical case told in the officially published reports the frankfurter zeitung of april 5 publishes the following report from dusseldorf dated april 4 wolf telegraph bureau the communist leader basler who has evaded arrest for a considerable time was located this morning by auxiliary police officers during the search the arrested man made use of a moment when he was not under observation to attempt an escape as he would not stop in spite of repeated warnings the officers made use of their weapons basler was seriously wounded by a bullet and died after being taken to hospital the angry of april 5 publishes the following message from dusseldorf dated april 5. the police state that on april 4 at about 4pm the communist official basler was arrested in his flat by protective courseman in the search of his flat two packets of dynamite were discovered documents were also confiscated on the way to the police station basler made an attempt to escape he did not stop in spite of being summoned to do so several times and continued to run after warning shots were fired he was severely wounded by a shot in his back and died shortly after being taken to hospital in actual fact basler's home was surrounded during the night he was brought out early in the morning and shot in the street the contradictions in the official reports are clear the dynamite was not found but invented reduction in the number of political murders the deutsche algamen zaitung of may 6 1933 published the following under the heading great reduction in the number of political murders since the national government took power the following statement is official the prussian premier and minister of the interior guring announces through the chief of the secret police department that there has been a marked reduction since the national government took power in acts of violence with fatal results arising from political motives almost simultaneously with the taking of power by the national government the effective defense measures taken by the new government together with the relaxing of political tension as a result of the victory of the national movement brought about a rapid fall in the number of fatal cases which had previously been mounting steadily and has now reached its lowest point for a long time with only two fatal cases in april of this year at about the same time as the hitler government issued this transparent announcement it was also officially announced that during the month of april 46 bodies had been brought to the berlin water alone with their features mutilated beyond recognition during the month of april the fascist press itself reported 50 political murders the names being given in each case we now give details of a number of cases giving the sources of information in each case shot while trying to escape we have already quoted the reports published in the frankfurter zaitang and the angry in connection with the death of heinz basler basler had been a member of the national socialists and a storm troop leader in december 1930 he began to understand the real policy of the nazis and left the national socialist party later joining the communist party this was the reason why he was murdered the following letter shows how he was done to death if only our dear heinz was still alive i can't realize it but god will revenge this crime this crime was no german deed in the morning that is tuesday morning about four we were roused by seven protective cores men and two detectives we were kept quiet with revolvers heinz had to dress and go with them we had to lock the doors and were not allowed to open the windows oh god how roughly they treated our heinz they closed off the street as early as three o'clock and at four they came up and then they took him with them and they shot him in the street martial law oh what he must have suffered the poor lad i wish i had gone with him he had three shots through his heart one in his arm one in his neck one in his pelvis and two others besides eight shots in all then they left him lying there and some peasants found him like a dog i can't believe it i went running to her m in the morning behind told me go at once to him and tell him for white sill has pledged himself to help me but what help did he give heinz trusted people too much for our lena if you could have seen heinz now on the death beer you would have called god to judge they had treated him so brutally i can't forget what he looked like how can anyone treat a poor harmless human being so brutally and then the lies in the newspapers that heinz had been shot while trying to escape and that they had found two packets of dynamite such meanness and it's not possible to get any justice done not even a pistol or a piece of paper of any importance did they find and then the papers write such a provocation but i call god in heaven to judge for such a cruel and mean crime everyone is so overwhelmed by this crime they can't believe it that these people should shoot down a person by himself so mean and brutal the funeral is saturday afternoon at half past one at the south cemetery heinz will be buried by the clergyman and many many people will come with him on his last journey when i went to hare m how he treated me when i said to him how can anyone shoot a helpless man like that he answered if you say much more i'll have you arrested too i'll shoot you down about 6 p.m on march 6th greta messing a working woman married and with two children left her home in the summer mullenweg in selb bavaria and went towards the town to do some shopping about 40 yards from her home she met a national socialist of the name of laga who lived in the same street he got in front of her and provoked her by saying hail hitler for our messing rejoined rot front and tried to pass him laga stopped her and threatened her with his revolver saying i'll shoot you down she answered calmly shoot away lager put his browning to the woman's throat and pull the trigger frau messing was mortally wounded her husband carried her back to her home and there she bled to death the murderer went to the nazi inn drank some liquor and then handed himself up to the auxiliary police he was put under arrest ten days later he was released a guard of honour met him at the station in selb laga was not expelled from the storm troops on the other hand the husband and 19 year old son of the murdered woman are in a beiruth penitentiary under protective arrest police and auxiliary police carried out repeated searches in working class houses in selb they were not looking for a criminal nor for a murderer but for a photograph which was documentary proof of the murder this photograph is printed here three bodies in the makhanawa forest on march 11 1933 the whole press reported the finding in the makanawa forest of three bodies of young persons who had been shot but whose identity was unknown in spite of the fact that the police had all particulars these were withheld from the public the three youths were fritz nichman upholsterer born at oldenburg march 1 1909 then living in berlin his parents did not belong to any party nor did he hans balsh kulkat a worker born august 28 1913 in berlin living in berlin member of the red aid organisation prous 23 years of age living in berlin we have received the following information with regards to fritz nichman at 9 30 pm on march 8th nietzschmann was walking with his fiancee towards his home when they reached the corner of the steuben rock erdman strasser a red car came over the siegfried bridge and crossed to the left side of the empty street two men in storm troop uniform the chauffeur was in civilian clothes jumped out of the car and came towards nichman and his fiancee calling out halt stand still you must come and have your papers examined nicheman said quietly you must have made a mistake to which the nazis replied shut your mouth and get in nicheman did as he was told as he felt that he had nothing to worry about his fiancee who also belongs to no party wanted to get into the car with him but was pushed roughly away by the nazis who told her that nichman was only being taken to be identified and that nothing would happen to him his fiancee who was crying after being pushed away did not note either the number of the car or the number on the collar of the nazis the car drove through the steuben rock stressor and turned into the helped stressor immediately after his arrest nichman's fiance went to his mother and told her what had happened from there she went to the police station in the cream hill distressor and stated the facts there she was told nothing will happen to him he will be back soon come again tomorrow at 8am on march 9th his mother went to the same police station and was told the same thing she was however told that during the night inquiries had been made at all police stations and that nicheman had not been brought into any she was to come again at noon at noon his father went to the police station and reported him as missing up to march 11 nichman's parents heard nothing from the police at 9 00 am on that date police officers arrived with the information that the berlin morgan post had reported that three bodies had been found in the macknower forest from the description given nicheman's father thought that one of these must be his son and he went to the police station where however he could not yet get any further information at noon the father went to the police headquarters and spoke to the inspector who was dealing with the case the inspector who did not then know that nichman had been carried off by stormtroop men told the father that in all his experience he had never come across such a brutal murder after the father had given all details the inspector stated that he and his officers would do everything they could to discover the criminals the father identified his son in the mortuary in the presence of the inspector the body showed ten bullet wounds eight in the back one in the neck and one in the jaw permission to take a photograph of the body was refused cremation also was not allowed in view of the possibility of expert examination being necessary up to march 15 the criminal department had not yet authorized the handing over of the bodies to their families two persons independently approached nicheman's father and gave the number of the car in which nichemen had been carried off as ia78087 both also stated that it was a red car with regard to han's bolsheville cut the following information is in our possession on march 8th was arrested at the entrance of goten strasse 14 in schonenberg by three national socialists withdrawn revolvers who carried him off in a dark car on march 10th his father received a postcard with the following i have today found a purse with contents please come for the purse on saturday march 11 at 6 pm han schmidt bornstead by potsdam victoria strasser 26. when the card arrived bashkukat's father was not at home and his mother took it to the police who told her that she should not in any circumstances go to bornstead at the same time their telephone to bornstead and to the detectives who were then investigating the crime in the maknau forest the purse was taken charge of by the criminal department that same day the father also went to the police who told him that he must not go to barnstead that the man who alleged that he had found the purse had already been arrested as he was suspected of the crime in view of the fact that the purse showed no sign of having been lying about on march 11 the father saw his son's body he could not identify him at first as the body was terribly disfigured the lips were swollen and blue the chin batted in and there were blue patches on the neck and larynx and chest apparently caused by violent kicks the arms and chest had a number of swollen patches which were evidently the result of the lad having been tied up from the father's superficial examination he was not allowed to examine the body carefully the murdered lad had had six or seven bullets through him two at the back of his head one through his temple two or three in his right arm and a shot through his chest no details can be secured with regard to the murder of pras as his father refuses to give any information steel rods and spirits of salt grotohene a telegraph fitter was a member of the reichsbanner but held no political office of any kind on monday march 27 he was visited by storm troop men who insisted on his coming with them to the storm troop quarters when he did not come home after some considerable time frau grotohene went to the storm troop quarters and just as she was asking one of the nazis to release her husband grotohene was brought out into the street little more than a bleeding lump of flesh several men brought him home he complained of internal pains as well as external injuries grotohene was able to tell what had been done to him his clothes had been taken off and he had been beaten with steel rods for three hours from time to time being made to wipe the blood from the floor with his own clothes when he was lying almost unconscious the nazis tried to pour spirits of salt between his clenched teeth as they did not succeed in doing this they then forced his teeth apart tearing away a part of his upper lip in doing this grotto hene died on april 29th after terrible suffering an official post-mortem was held and the cause of his death was certified as apoplexy and internal burns the case was referred to the criminal department but up to the present none of the criminals have been followed up beaten stabbed and trampled on on march 28th the communist edom of robert strasser vi kernigsberg was carried away from his home at midnight as it was known that he was a friend of the communist reichstag deputy schutz he was beaten for two hours in such a brutal way that he lost control of himself and told the nazis where schutz was living at 2 30 a.m schutz was brought to the same nazi barracks and there beaten stabbed and trampled on for 12 hours on the evening of march 29 schultz died in hospital the cause of death being given as heart failure on april 3 schutz's body was put into the ground like a dog's his death was not reported in any german paper the doctors and nurses who had attended him were forced by threats to say nothing in the meanwhile frauschutz had been arrested after her husband had been buried she was compelled to sign an undertaking to say nothing of what had happened the nazis took schutzer's twelve-year-old son to see his father's mutilated body and one of them said to him you will have the same fate if you follow in his footsteps lynched in prison the three following official reports on the case of shum are enough to expose the methods used by the fascist news agencies 1. kill one april tu at about 11 o'clock a dispute arose in front of the jewish furniture shop kept by shum in the course of which the son of the jewish shopkeeper attacked a protective cause man when one of his comrades came to the latter's help a fight developed between the two protective cores men and the shopkeeper who rushed up and his son in the course of which a shot was fired which seriously wounded in the chest the protective cause man walter asthhalter 22 years old of keel the facts were as follows in the course of the boycott of jewish shops a storm troop gang occupied the furniture shop kept by shum the shopkeeper was molested by the nazis and his son a lawyer tried to protect him a dispute arose and then a tussle in the course of which a shot was fired by one of the nazis which seriously wounded another of the stormtroop men 2. kill 1 april wtb the son of the proprietor of the schum furniture shop who in the morning had fired some shots at a storm troop man in front of his father's shop and wounded him severely in the stomach has been shot in the police cell to which he had been brought it is reported that a number of persons went to police headquarters and demanded that the door of shum sell should be opened and when this was not done several shots were fired which killed him on the spot the body was conveyed to the medical institute this second report is already improved to make it appear that shum who was absolutely unarmed had not only fired the shot but some shots the report gives the circumstances of the murder of shum accurately enough but without expressly stating that the nazis concerned murdered him to get a witness of the morning's crime out of the way but both of these reports were so transparent that that same afternoon the central press bureau intervened and produced the following account which is false in every particular 3. kill 1 april wtb the jewish lawyer and commissioner for oath shum at 11 30 this morning shot a protective cause man of the name of walter asthalter in the stomach according to information so far to hand the shooting which took place in the keden strasse was without any plausible ground the protective cause man died in the clinic an enraged crowd of people assembled in front of the police jail before the removal of shum which had been ordered by the authorities could be affected the enraged crowd forced its way into the prison where shum was killed by revolver bullets the whole incident developed so quickly that the police could do nothing to stop it the crowd also forced their way into the shop kept by shum's father in the cadence dresser and destroyed the stock how the mine workers leader albert funk was murdered on april 16 the mine workers leader albert funk was recognized by a national socialist in dortmund and denounced to the police albert funk had for many years played a leading part in the struggles of the mineworkers he was formerly a communist member of the reichstag and leader of the united mine workers union funk was put into the dortmund police prison he succeeded in getting out a letter reporting the terrible brutalities inflicted on seven other prisoners he himself was not brutally treated at first the papers said not a word about his arrest this was enough to arouse the gravest fears on april 26th after 10 days in prison albert funk was murdered his wife came to the prison to ask to see him and was told that she could not because he had poisoned himself in his cell this was on april 28th on the next day april 29th the press of the rohr district published sensational disclosures about alleged discoveries of arms dynamite dumps terrorist groups etc of the communists in the recklinghausen area and in this connection it was reported that the communist reichstag deputy albert funk who had been arrested had made an insane attempt to escape from the recklinghausen prison by jumping from the third floor window into the courtyard that he had broken his spine arms and legs that he had been taken fully conscious to hospital where he died shortly afterwards nothing was said about funk having been in prison for two weeks and naturally not a word of explanation was given as to how he was suddenly transported from dortmund to recklinghausen albert funk had been driven almost out of his mind by horrible tortures and his tormentors then forced him to throw himself out of the window when some of the murdered man's imprisoned comrades who were in the courtyard at the time cried out in horror the murderers shouted down to them you moscow swine can come and jump after him literally torn to pieces a witness reports early in march fritz gumpert of heidenau was arrested he was accused of having buried munitions and arms he was taken to the kernigstein fortress and thenced to the concentration camp at hohenstein there he was put in chains and tortured he was so appallingly ill-used that he died his wife was informed that he had died of internal hemorrhage workers in the haydn house factories collected money to bring the body to heidenau this was permitted but on the express condition that the coffin should not be opened the workers did not observe this condition none of the eyewitnesses will ever forget the sight gumpart's face had been completely torn to pieces as far as they could tell his tongue was missing traces of heavy chains were visible on his arms the back of the body was a lump of flesh that had been cut in pieces and was full of holes the spine was broken the sexual organs were lacerated the right thigh was torn open the pit of the stomach had been kicked in so that the intestines were protruding the lips showed how the victim had bitten into them to endure the appalling tortures he had suffered horrified and enraged workers gathered round and the stormtrooper men used this as an excuse to confiscate the body again a number of police and doctors came up and a raid was conducted on the working-class houses in order to confiscate photographic apparatus and films all witnesses were threatened with the severest penalties if they spoke of the case those who were known to have seen the body were warned to keep their mouths shut on friday april 28th the funeral took place some 3 000 working men and women went to take part but all approaches were barred by storm troops armed with rifles when the cemetery gates were reached the nazis attacked the procession and only the relatives were allowed in the cemetery a clergyman wearing the swastika spoke at the graveside saint bartholomew's night in koepernik in many german towns the nazi storm troops have carried out the night of the long knife foretold by hitler before his advent to power on the night of june 21st to 22nd the nazis began a series of murders which lasted several days in copenhagen a suburb of berlin the victims were officials of the social democratic party of the reichsbanner and of the communist party on june 21st the storm troops twice searched the house of a trade union secretary smaus in copenhag they stated that they were looking for arms during the night the storm troop men came a third time arrested shmaus's son-in-law who was a communist and then stormed the house firing a number of shots shmaus had a feeble-minded son 22 years of age who was awakened by the shooting picked up a revolver and went to oppose the nazis his mother shouted to him an alarm don't shoot but the sun shot at and mortally wounded two of the nazis who had forced their way in then the slaughter began shmasa's son-in-law rakovsky was immediately shot by the nazis in front of the house shmaus's son was arrested and brutally done to death shmaus himself was hanged by the nazis in his house frauschmaus was accused of having told her son to shoot and was so brutally ill-used that she died a few days later that night marxists were arrested throughout kerpnik and friedrichshagen among them were the reich's banner leader and former premier of mecklenburg johannes stilling the 55 year old paul von essen who was an official at the reichsbanner and usman 57 years of age who had been the reichsbanner leader in friedrichshagen a social democratic eyewitness gives the following account of what happened to the prisoners in the nazi barracks we were taken by car to the koepernick prison the square in front was filled with stormtroop men who wanted to attack us as soon as they saw us the storm troop leader however shouted stop don't hit them in the street but we were hardly inside the building when they began to attack us we were driven up the stairs and along a long passage in a long cell there were 10 comrades standing with their faces to the wall the floor and wall were already spattered with blood an old woman with blood streaming from her mouth and nose and her clothes spattered with blood was forced to scrub the floor one of the stormtrooper men asked me do you know this i looked at her more closely and saw with horror that she was my wife's mother then the nazi told comrade kaiser to strike another comrade in the face when kaiser hesitated he hit him such a blow with his fist that he went staggering to the wall then the comrades were forced with blows from sticks to hit each other until they were bleeding after that we had to run the gauntlet about 10 times through lines of storm troopmen armed with sticks and truncheons in the course of this some of the older comrades collapsed meanwhile the 55 year old paul von essen was brought in and the nazis greeted him with howls of joy he had been unemployed for a long time and had just come out of hospital he was blind in one eye he took part in the war and he had four children the first hit him in the face then pulled down his trousers and beat him with really insane fury with sticks and truncheons until he lost consciousness comrade von essen has since succumbed to the terrible injuries his torture is inflicted on him then we were each taken to a cell and beaten the brutalities were repeated regularly every hour finally i was taken to the leader for examination and in my despair i denied that i was a marxist he then ordered that i should not be beaten meanwhile but if it turned out that i had told a lie i was to be shot shortly afterwards the door of my cell was flung open and a storm troop leader rushed in with other stormtroop men and beat me shouting you scoundrel will finish you off today i was then dragged along the passage to my mother-in-law's cell and while two of the nazis held me the old woman who was 53 years of age was beaten with sticks until she lay quiet on the floor she is now out of her mind and in an asylum this eyewitness did not recognize either stelling or osmond among the prisoners some days later stilling's body covered with wounds and sewn up in a sack was taken out of the finnov canal at the same time two other unknown bodies were recovered eleven other men were missing on july 12 people in friedrichshagen heard that osman's body had also been found and so also throughout germany at the time when hitler was more and more openly acting on behalf of the rich capitalists of germany the number of murders was rising end of chapter 10. chapter 20 of brown book of the hitler terror this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit libravox.org brown book of the hitler terror by lord marley chapter 11 the german workers fight against fascism on april 21st 1933 the german press bureau of stuttgart issued the following although the seizure and confiscation of all communist printed papers was ordered as far back as march 1st communist sheets are still circulating on april 28th the british press bureau of berlin stated in the course of the search a considerable quantity of printed matter and numerous stencils for the production of leaflet material for may 1st were found at stiglitz in friedanow that the attempt to stop the organization of the anti-fascist fight had not succeeded is shown by the following announcement made by the police press bureau of castle on may 5th 1933 in continuation of the measures taken against the illegal district leadership of the german communist party in castle early on thursday morning the political police carried out searches in secret offices and in the houses of the leaders of the district committee on may 26 1933 the bremen police announced that in spite of the police warning issued a few days ago in connection with the distribution of illegal communist sheets and the reference to the severe penalties attached on thursday evening the illegal arbiteer thagtong six pages in size was circulated by the communists hitler aimed at carrying out the destruction of all political parties but there is one party that he cannot destroy the german communist party which is carrying on the fight against fascism illegally the statements issued by the hitler government are every day proving that the party's active opposition cannot be broken reports are coming in from every part of germany showing that groups of workers belonging to the social democratic party and to the rex bonner the league of socialist youth and the christian organizations are joining with the communists in the fight in the days following the burning of the reichstag anti-fascist sheets issued by the communists were already circulating among the workers workers homes and the cellars and roofs of blocks of flats were transformed into secret printing works although hundreds of active agitators were arrested thousands of newly trained and determined workers took their place in spite of the extension of torture and ill-treatment the fight for freedom against fascism continued even more vigorously and with increasing effect each line of the illegal papers issued by the communists is literally written in blood new horrible acts of torture were perpetuated wherever each issue of these papers appeared before the end of march an illegally printed pamphlet on the burning of the rex dog was produced and was distributed in every part of germany its external appearance is that of the advertisement of the film in the sign of the cross goring the organizer of the reichstag fire was compelled to pay a glowing tribute to the disintegrating work carried out by the communists when at the end of june 1933 he dissolved the organization of young german nationalists on the official ground that it had been completely permeated by communists early in july the threatening statements issued by hitler and frick against the second revolution showed that the work of unmasking the hitler government was achieving success even among large numbers of the storm troops and of the national socialist factory cells the following pages give only a brief and partial statement of the underground work which is being carried on in germany the illegal rotifauna one of the most vital sections of the fight against fascism is the production and distribution of illegal newspapers the rotifauna the central organ of the german communist party has been appearing regularly since the burning of the reichstag police activities raids the allocation of thousands of spies nightly patrols of storm troop men through printing works have been unable to prevent the production of this paper it continues to appear as a two or four page paper and to find its way into the blocks of flats in wedding into the aeg in simon's factories and into the railway stations though the technical production of the paper may be worse than before it is certain that none of its former issues have ever been read by so many people as the present issues the christian socialist paper reich's post issued in vienna on may 27th printed the following interesting story at first the rotifana appeared in an illegally printed edition of 300 000 copies and this was followed by a number of duplicated editions secret presses previously prepared for such purposes duplicating machines and typewriters began their work soon the greater part of the local cell and industrial papers though most of them only duplicated were again in circulation and hundreds of thousands of leaflets were being passed from hand to hand in the factories and at the labor exchanges in 20 different areas in greater berlin in addition to the printed rotifauna duplicated papers produced from wax or metal sheets are regularly distributed weekly experienced long before the hitler dictatorship was and sometimes twice weekly they all bear the heading wrote the fauna these papers are edited by workers read papers throughout germany early in may the hamburg police announced that in spite of the strongest countermeasures taken by the authorities again and again treason above publications of the communist party of germany and particularly papers such as the prohibited hamburger volk cyton and other marxist productions are being produced and sold on the streets in the rural district the rural echo has appeared several times in large editions the may first number was even printed in two colors in essen all the whole districts of the town have been searched through by storm troops and police and although courageous distributors of the papers have been most horribly tortured duplicated editions of the ruhr echo continue to appear a letter received from a munich worker reports that every week a hectographed newspaper is issued in an addition of 3000 copies immediately after its production it is distributed to the separate anti-fascist groups and brought by them to the workers in a number of different ways six rex bonner groups are helping in the distribution the bremen police refer to the illegal six-page paper the arbiter zeitung in stuttgart the south german arbiter zeitung appears in printed form and illegal papers were also distributed in leipzig and frankfurt on main during april and may several numbers of the dusseldorf journal fry height were distributed in mannheim several issues of the rotifone bodens have been published in erfurt the thuringer voxplot appears in duplicated form in the factories the only party which had made preparations for carrying on underground activities in the factories was the communist party its members were already established in the secret production and distribution of factory papers and because of this experience it had been possible for numbers of such papers to be distributed in the factories during the period of the hitler dictatorship for example a worker in the aeg works in berlin reports as follows in the anti-festicity front of july 2nd 1933 our last leaflet appeared in a format 10 by 20 centimeters we produced it in the following way we first worked out the slogans and cut them in linoleum then we put the strips of linoleum over an inked bladder and printed off copies one by one during the night we posted a great number of these copies on various gates of the factory and we scattered the remainder in the streets round our fellow workers who are really starving for material of this kind picked up the leaflets as they came back to work in the morning and showed great enthusiasm each single leaflet passing through dozens of hands the illegal papers hofentel and grammy funk spruck and our storm are being published in the port of hamburg from one hamburg office it is reported that the rolls of paper in the closets contained small leaflets or cuttings from illegal papers in the siemens works of spandau berlin anti-fascist youth workers have up to now succeeded in producing their paper regularly in the beelfield works the rotavac is being produced and distributed by a joint group of communist social democrats and reichsbonner workers lightning demonstrations during the months of march april and may there were large and small anti-fascist demonstrations in hundreds of places most of them took the form of so-called lightning demonstrations in such demonstrations the workers assemble at an agreed point at a given signal carry out a demonstration lasting only a few minutes shouting slogans against the hitler dictatorship and singing anti-fascist songs these demonstrations as a rule succeed in dispersing again before the police or storm troops are able to intervene these mobile methods are adopted to prevent a large number of arrests during april such demonstrations were held in addition to very many others of which we have no reports in rimshite cleave krefeld segan stetten worms ulster road dusseldorf and linden near hanover a report from hamburg states that early in may the young communist league distributed 10 000 printed leaflets posted up 80 posters prepared by hand and painted anti-fascist slogans on walls and pillars in every part of the town four lightning demonstrations were held in each of which an average of 300 workers took part a danish anti-fascist reports that during a visit to germany he saw a street choir of four workers who suddenly shouted who set fire to the ranks dog the nazis and then separated and disappeared early in march a streamer was found across a working class street in dortmund bearing the words nero set fire to rome and put the blame on the christians hitler set fire to the right stock and blames the communists the same slogan printed from a linoleum cut was posted on walls all over dortmund at the end of april davosi zigtong of may 3rd reports the wolf telegraph bureau reports from bar now that the night of april 30th may 1st a red banner bearing a hammer and sickle was fastened to the top of the steeple of the marrying kirk early in the morning of may 1st it was taken down by storm troop men at the risk of their lives that morning which was the festival of national labor nazis who went to hoist the swastika banner at the town hall discovered that it had been stolen during the night the excitement in barnaud arising from this double act of provocation was indescribable during the night of may 1st 2nd about 40 suspected persons were arrested by the storm troops and police and removed to the concentration camp at iranianburg in addition to torture and murder starvation is used by the hitler government as a method of fighting the anti-fascists the following quotation from the frankfurter zeitung of may 10 1933 illustrates the methods used in the attempt to force the unemployed to denounce anti-fascist agitators castle may 8th in schmuckledin which is in the administrative district of castle intensified communist propaganda among the unemployed have been in evidence during the last few days several communist leaflets have been distributed and their producers and distributors have not yet been discovered the mayor of smuggled in has therefore ordered that relief is to be withheld from all recipients who are of the left tendencies until the criminals have been caught anti-fascists who are charged before the courts are not allowed witnesses or any other opportunities of defense before the charge is heard the penalty has already been decided on but in spite of everything many of the accused have made a heroic stand in court against the fascist dictatorship a report from altona dated june 2nd 1933 for example states that during the trial of 20 anti-fascist workers the communist worker lutkins against whom the government attorney demanded the death penalty stated that he regarded this demand put forward by the prosecution as an honor as there could be no higher honor for a revolutionary worker than to be sentenced to the death penalty by a capitalist class court and prison clothes were robes of honor in the middle of may a typist falling juror was sentenced to imprisonment for 18 months for having passed on leaflets the berlin journal their tag reported that the accused stated in court that she still remained loyal to communist ideas to which prosecuting counsel replied attention must be called to the audacity and shamelessness displayed by communists who dare to proclaim their views even here in front of the special tribunals similar cases are reported from all parts of germany only a very small percentage of the sentences passed on anti-fascist agitators is ever reported in the press but the increasing severity of the sentences has done nothing to stop the anti-fascist work which is being carried on unceasingly it has only been possible within the limits of this book to give a few examples of this work the organization of political and economic strikes the hundreds of separate movements within the factories and the results in the compulsory labor camps must be left to the second volume of the brown book the story of the heroic stand made by anti-fascists in the struggle for german freedom has still to be written the story of fighters who stood their ground in spite of the menace of murder the story of prisoners who met the death sentence with a proud declaration of their loyalty to socialism the story of tortured victims who sang the international in spite of steel rods and truncheons the story of heroes like the teacher wilhelm hahman in hessen who was ordered to raise the swastika banner and shout long live the leader of the german people adolf hitler but who hurled the banner to the ground and amid the blows of the storm troop men shouted long lived the revolution and comrade thalman tens of thousands of nameless heroes are fighting to free germany and the world from the shameful barbarism of the brown shirts they are facing quartz marshall and the gallows torture and concentration camps their loyalty and courage cannot be broken and their ceaseless activity is fanning the spark which will burst forth into the flame of socialist freedom end of section 20 chapter 11 appendix of brown book of the hitler terror this is a librivox recording all librivox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit librivox.org recording by joseph tabler brown book of the hitler terror by lord marley appendix list of murders the following is an extract from our list of murdered workers and intellectuals we have definite information relating to over 500 murders carried out by the nazis since march 3rd and below we give the detailed particulars of 250. our sources of information are official german announcements press reports which have not been denied and authenticated reports of witnesses it must be borne in mind that the list is only a small selection of the total number of murders most of which are concealed by the rigorous censorship and the threats made by the nazis to relatives and friends and witnesses 1933 march 3rd gertis communist member of the diet oldenburg shot in the street wolf telegraph bureau unknown communist hamburg killed by a revolver shot wtb wolf telegraph bureau unknown reichsbanner man bremen shot in the street wtb unknown worker bernberg shot by national socialists wtb gustav segenbrecht berlin shot in the stephan inn libensvaldstrassa 41 report from witness bernhard versching berlin petra strassa eight nine shot by nazis in his flat report from witness ebeling a magdeburg worker killed in the breckenstrasse by a shot through his stomach witness vice caretaker of the social democratic people's house firms shot witness unnamed girl verms killed in the raid on the people's house witness fabian a communist worker kellingshusen shot at and died in hospital wtb wolfe telegraph bureau march 4 two unnamed workers cologne severely wounded by shots and subsequently died wtb unnamed member of the iron front follishviler shot in the street wtb friedrich marquardt dusseldorf berenstrasse 14 no party killed by blows witness march 5th clasen and longville oberhausen ryan province killed in the school courtyard while attempting to escape both had bullet wounds in the front of their bodies witness warnicky quick born near pendeberg shot wtb unnamed reich's banner man central germany stabbed to death wtb two brothers bassey bankau upper cilicia murdered by stormtroopers witness carl tarnow berlin beaten to death in nessa beckstrasse nukon witness march 6th greta messing working woman selb shot in the street wtv hansbower worker no party never returned from the nazi barracks in the heda monstrassa berlin witness friedlander a baker's apprentice 19 years old murdered in the nazi barracks in the head of monstraza berliner target blot march 7th bernhard kraussa worker visa now near frankfurt on the odor shot by stormtroopers wtb two unnamed workers hamburg killed in nazi raid wtb unnamed worker dusseldorf killed in the levitzval strasse telegraphin union march 8th unnamed communist worker bill scht near hamburg shot while trying to escape wtb phillip caretaker at trade union house breslau shot when nazis occupied the building wtb heinrich sparlick building worker breslau killed by a bullet and a knife stab in the back deutsche alagamin zaitung valshukat nishman and price schoenberg berlin bodies found in mach nauer forest unnamed communist worker vulcam found shot in the street to you unnamed worker balcom shot in his flat by six unknown men t u bless member of the reich's banner offenbach mortally wounded in a nazi attack since died witness march 9 unnamed member of the reich's banner munich mutilated corpse found in the munich trade union house which had been occupied by nazis on march first witness landgraf director of publishing house chemnitz shot when the volks shimmer building was occupied t you help communist worker duisberg found shot march 10th fraubics 70 years of age berlin mortally wounded by stormtroopers who fired through her door wtb herman a watchmaker dresden member of international workers relief beaten to death in his house witness han sile circulation manager shot when the volkswind offices in braunschweig were occupied witness ulrich leader of the hessen social democrats beaten to death berliner takabalat two unnamed workers cho plow shot by storm troopers berlin local anzair alfred petzloff communist worker schoenberg berlin taken by nazis from his home body found mutilated at priceterveg station witness schoenflugel a worker burnout chemnitz killed by a chance bullet berlin local and swagger march 11th eric meyer a young worker spandau beaten to death frankfurter zeitung robert ditmar a worker car shortst near berlin found shot berlin local enzyger unnamed worker breslau stabbed to death to you forster and tandler communist workers limbach near chimnets shot when trying to escape witness paul krantz a young worker limbach near chemnitz shot when trying to escape wtb unnamed man no party open shot on the steps of the town hall berlin local on stiger march 12th councillor cressa social democrat magdeburg shot at election station in felgeleben to and rather workers token myth shot while trying to escape to you spiegel social democratic lawyer keel attacked at his home and killed wtb march 13th unknown worker elbing found shot to you heinz vesha and erna kanoff communist counselors chemnitz the first shot in the prison courtyard the second beaten to death in his cell witness march 14th krug schweinfurth shot in self-defense by a nazi to you unnamed worker hamburg shot by detectives wtb march 16th dr asher berlin schweinmund de strassa beaten to death witness leo krell editor berlin beaten to death witness march 17th two unknown persons albin shot when trying to escape noctus gaba march 18th walter schultz communist worker with stock murdered in prison witness han socks manufacturer chemnitz shot wtb siegbert kindermann charlatinburg berlin taken to the head of monstraza beaten to death and thrown from the window berliner takablot unnamed worker wedding berlin beaten to death at nazi quarters witness march 19th krebs communist worker moabit berlin shot by stormtroopers in the street witness march 20th gunther joachim lawyer berlin tortured died in moabit hospital vocia saitung kurt possanar berlin shot wiener blotter march 21st auto self's strobing shot witness march 22nd walter bolga ebersbach shot while trying to escape possession saitung wilhelm vencil communist worker essen shot in the street wtb dresha dresden found murdered witness paul reuter cell shower strassa berlin beaten to death by storm troopers witness march 23rd erica longa ex-member of the nazi protective corps gelsenkirchen shot by stormtroopers witness franck member of the reich's banner firms said to have committed suicide herbert pangaret's worker bergstrassa 78 berlin brutally treated and died in hospital witness march 24th frau arbetz a working woman gladbach shot while trying to escape tu eric pearl 17 years old leipzig shot in the street after release from a nazi barracks witness house retired social democratic counselor found shot in ike ling schofen frankfurter zeitung march 25th socialist vetting berlin maltreated and died in hospital witness fraumer hour saxony maltreated said to have committed suicide witness march 27th newman shopkeeper koenigsberg beaten and used as target to you growth of hannah telegraph fitter braunschweig beaten to death witness dr max clout lawyer beaten to death in a nazi barracks witness max bolecki schoneberg tortured in nazi barracks and died in hospital witness march 30th for its role worker siemensthat found stabbed wtb berlin murdered and thrown into the river witness unknown jew in oberhesson hanged by the feet and died manchester guardian april 1st wilhelm potter baker and carl gorman communist worker voldenberg shot while trying to escape zaitung wilhelm dengman steelworker dweesberg shot in the street zaitung unnamed worker munich shot while trying to escape munchner nuesta nak richten lawyer keel beaten to death in prison to you pressburger cattle dealer munich shot described as suicide munchner nuestra knock rickkin april 2nd h wertheimer kale stroke before arrest wtb a preferred palliative smith limbach near chemnitz shot while trying to escape unnamed worker augsburg alleged stroke before arrest t you kirk bell shot by storm troop men in austria county wtb april 4th heinz basler dusseldorf shot while trying to escape wtb wilhelm drew's worker berlin found shot will susher saitung dr philip sal bisdor berlin beaten to death berliner tucker block communist councilor bond shot while trying to escape to you sauer zubach member of social democratic party beaten to death in concentration camp nuevelt wilhelm drewes communist worker hamburg shot in the street tu april 6th max niedermeyer communist councilor johann gergenstadt saxony beaten to death in zvikal prison witness kurt friedrich communist worker same town shot witness april 7th hanusen berlin t u c report april 8 unnamed worker nukon berlin beaten to death by storm troops witness april 9th walter kosh hamburg shot april 10th fritz angler hairdresser no politics chemnitz tortured and killed in the zeissig forest witness april 11th max roof reichsbanner member chemnitz found shot to you dr arthur weiner lawyer chemnitz found shot frankfurter zeitung alvin hansbach communist worker friedersdorf zatao shot in prison t u april 12 benario a lawyer arthur khan and irwin khan and goldman merchants from nuremberg shot while trying to escape dachau concentration camp wtb deutsche algamayna zaitung fritz kolasha scharlenberg tortured in nazi barracks died in hospital witness april 13th albert yonka communist member of the reichstag alleged suicide wtb gustav shanghair worker hamburg tortured to death sarbrook arbeiter zaitung april 15th spiro a jew aged 17 berlin murdered in nazi barracks in the head of monstraza witness april 16th brett schneider sigmar saxony found shot wtb april 18th bayer krefeld found shot voc zeitung richard tallett communist worker koenigsberg shot while trying to escape frankfurter zeitung unknown communist worker konigsberg shot while trying to escape to you april 19th unknown railwayman munich stabbed in the back described as suicide munchner nuesta alfred elker a christian beaten to death by stormtroopers because of his jewish appearance witness april 20th kaminsky dortmund member of anti-fascist league beaten to death in prison witness april 21st fritz dressle chairman of communist fraction in the diet described as suicide munchner nuesta nach richten but reported by witness to have been murdered in dachau camp april 22nd max castle derryman wiesbaden shot in his flat deutsche aguemaine zeitung salomon rosenstrauch merchant wiesbaden shot in his flat deutsche alga mine zaitung paul pabst worker alleged suicide in nazi barracks germania april 23rd kurt benke a storm trooper berlin angraf france schneider anti-fascist worker gauch reinland alleged suicide in prison communist worker olsnitz herzegov berga alleged suicide in prison foseisha zaitung april 24th unknown man horner moore tarred and burnt alleged suicide volskasher baobachter cordis and sun merchants vitmund near bremen shot in a pilgrim wtb april 25th mendel haber merchant dortmund shot and his body thrown into the river dortmunder general onsiger two unnamed workers lipa found dead vocatio biobacter grenitza worker koenigsberg shot while trying to escape noctus gaba april 26 willie plonska berlin found dead ungriff april 27th irwin volkmar nukon berlin alleged unpolitical murder shot in the street angra april 28 unnamed man vollenberg over barnum shot and burnt frankfurter zeitung funk communist member of the reichstag dortmund murdered in prison alleged suicide on griff fritz gumbert communist worker haydn now beaten to death after weeks of torture april 29th unknown man found murdered near verner in the mark wtb april 30 of heckstein communist worker graven brook shot while trying to escape zeitung andres von flotov german nationalist land owner arrested by nazis and shot while trying to escape conti and april unnamed worker ebersdorf saxony and heinz goldberg member of red sports organization shot in the cellar of hermann garing house lobao witness may 2nd rhodenstalk social democratic secretary of the municipal workers union and two unknown trade union officials tortured and beaten to death in nazi barracks in duisburg witness don seger jewish merchant dwiesberg attacked by nazis and so brutally treated that he died witness may 3rd dr ernst oberforen chairman of german nationalist fraction in reichstag found dead in his keel house described as suicide may 4 unnamed member of stalhelm berlin shot in nazi quarters sarbrook barbaiter zeitung may 5th simon cott's worker polish citizen beaten to death witness unnamed man potsdam tied up and thrown into the river bosu zeitung spangenberg communist worker preda rika templin alleged suicide in prison vosisha saitung unnamed die worker sagan alleged suicide murdered in prison wtb may 6th unnamed girl grossen found dead angriff may 8th dr ekstein leader of socialist labor party breslau tortured to death wtb may 9th dr meyer jewish dentist fupatal mutilated by nazis and drowned witness galanowski worker eilenstein shot while trying to escape wtb may 10th unnamed young worker member of red sports organization vetting berlin murdered in nazi barracks in the head of monstrassa witness may 11th biederman social democratic member of the reichstag hamburg described as suicide frankfurter zeitung glucal communist worker berlin tortured died in hospital witness may 12 sep guts communist member of the diet maltreated and murdered in dachau concentration camp witness may 13th unnamed nazi auxiliary policeman keel found shot he had asked when the government was going to carry out its promises frankfurter zeitung penciller communist worker dusseldorf shot germania may 15th dr alfred strauss munich a lawyer aged 30 german jew beaten to death witness unnamed member stalheim berlin attacked by nazis and stabbed to death witness paletti schoenberg berlin tortured to death witness may 17th hermann riedel gladbach alleged suicide to tug johannes and wilhelm bart dwiesberg beaten to death der tag may 18th unknown man berlin alleged suicide bosach zaitong hongstein gravenbrook shot while trying to escape wtb may 19th leonard houseman communist official shot while trying to escape in dachau concentration camp wtb may 20th arthur miller a worker member of reich's banner beaten to death in nazi barracks general papastrassa berlin witness may 25th schloss a merchant nuremberg shot witness may 26th groman an artist dweeesberg shot by protective core men in kakumar wood witness may 27th franz lairberger nurenberg shot while trying to escape in the dachau concentration camp frankfort courier may 29th wilhelm aaron of baumberg member of reichsbaumer shot in dachau while trying to escape bamberger zeitung end of may two communist workers shot in siegberg concentration camp witness june 8 stormtrooper dusseldorf shot for distributing opposition leaflets dortmund general on siger june 10th carlotta's communist worker shot while trying to escape wtb fritz cocarens a stormtrooper in opposition found shot in his home berlin witness walter ernst found half buried in hennigsdorf cemetery berlin wtb june 12th unnamed worker essen shot while trying to escape tu june 20th walter cursing worker member of german nationalist youth organization frankfurt on odor shot by nazis in a dispute wtb june 21 paul urban worker brandenburg alleged suicide in prison knocked house gaba three unknown men found dead in a pool with their arms and legs bound at neustadto june 22nd autenberg communist worker arnes valda newmark shot while trying to escape deutsche algamina saitung shmao's family father mother and son murdered by stormtroopers rakowski worker kopanik shot by stormtroopers johannes schtelling former premier of mecklenburg murdered paul von essen member of reich's banner kopenek beaten to death june 24th arthur may communist official aachen shot while trying to escape police report aachen june 26 unknown communist worker braunschweig murdered in prison alleged suicide wtb june 29th dr rosenfelder lawyer nurnberg murdered in dachau concentration camp witness end of june glasper local leader of red aid organization elberfeld gotcha town councillor auto datum communist councillor elberfeld murdered shortly after release from concentration camp body thrown into a river irvine dollar a young worker found dead mutilated gorsmeyer elberfeld shot by nazis after arrest and thrown into a pool unnamed worker elberfeld found shot in the burner strassa unnamed worker elberfeld found shot all of these elberfeld murders are authenticated in reports from witnesses hunglinger police officer munich sebastian nefsker munich michael sigmund social democrat murdered in dockout concentration camp reports from witnesses july 1st max margoliner merchant breslau maltreated in the brown house during april died in hospital two months later witness july 10th joseph knees journalist member of free thinkers league erfurt alfred noel communist official jenna unnamed communist worker effort all three shot by stormtroopers when the illegal printing press for the thuringer volkswagen was discovered witness july 12 osman member of reich's banner copanic killed in the copenh saint bartholomew's night ventenda communist worker essen political prisoner since october 31 shot while trying to escape conti wtb schultz communist member of diet berlin died in hospital after maltreatment thomps fritz langa communist worker koenigsberg lynched ungrath joseph messinger communist worker bond murdered in prison alleged suicide harvest agency july 14 franz brown entered a volkswagen staten murdered in his cell the day after he was arrested conti wtb three unknown communists sparring shot while trying to escape on their way to sonnenberg concentration camp bosses unknown communist worker staten shot conti wtb unnamed communist official bulkhum shot while trying to escape zeitung july 15th spear a tailor berlin found with his throat cut witness clara wagner typist treptow berlin shot witness july 17th dr wilhelm schaefer frankfurt ex-nazi found shot frankfurter zeitung july 20th unnamed worker berlin found dead at hirschgarten witness man 50 years of age found dead near berlin witness hugo fettersson communist worker hamburg murdered in prison alleged suicide wtb stormtrooper over mensig near munich found shot he had adopted an opposition standpoint conti wtb july 24 eric and gustav rudolph during schoof shot while trying to escape frankfurter zeitung three stormtroopers of opposition tendency found shot grundwald berlin witness yaskoviak nazi of opposition tendency leverkusen shot by a protective core man in self-defense dortmund general onsiger july 29th soleki communist worker eiser lawn shot by auxiliary police and self-defense wtb heinrich fording communist worker kosfeld thrown from window of police station recklinghausen alleged suicide wtb august first four workers lutjens tash wolf and mueller executed in altona end of appendix list of murders end of brown book of the hitler terror by lord marley | Priceless Audiobooks | UCly1zcKPGzGW9wZMCZodWOA | 2019-01-01 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 11,523 | 67,215 |
xJ8vMbMy1Gs | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xJ8vMbMy1Gs | Best Practices for Turbo Services | standard is proud to offer oe turbocharger kits that are designed for long-term performance in complex engines whether it's import domestic diesel or gas standard has you covered there are a lot of turbocharged cars and light duty trucks on the road today and this trend is expected to continue in the coming years this will provide ample opportunities for you and your shop to diagnose and repair turbocharger systems on a variety of makes and models symptoms of a faulty turbocharger may include loss of power abnormal whistling noises excessive smoke high fuel consumption overheating high exhaust temperature and oil leaks from the turbo but it's important to note that defects in other components can produce these same symptoms before condemning the turbocharger remember that turbo performance can only be impaired by mechanical damage or blockage caused by debris when searching for the source of a boost leak start with a thorough visual inspection of the charge air pipes and hoses with the engine off of course a ruptured hose may appear to be intact so squeeze pull and twist them as needed to locate that source of leak look for evidence of rubbing or contact between the charge air pipes and hoses with neighboring components look for any clamps which may have worked their way loose or were improperly installed during a previous repair special tools are available which allow you to use regulated shop air to build system pressure and locate the leak this is a safe and effective method for simulating boost pressure with the engine off similar to pressurizing a coolant circuit with the cooling system pressure tester do not attempt to build boost by power breaking the engine this is a dangerous practice which can cause excessive heat to build up in the engine bay and could lead to a crash there are a number of things to consider if you are replacing a failed turbocharger if the bearings failed and debris was carried into the intake system you must replace or clean all of the affected components certain manufacturers require that the intake manifold is replaced in the event of a turbocharger failure the risk of metal debris being trapped inside the manifold is too high it is not worth the chance of later engine failure to try and save some money it's also a good idea to inspect the catalytic converter for any signs of damage or debris if you are replacing a failed turbocharger it is best practice to replace the turbocharger coolant and oil lines as well engine oil and coolant are critical to the turbocharger if the hoses or lines are damaged clogged contaminated or faulty they can lead to premature turbocharger failure some oil feed lines may contain screens or filters inside them which can trap metal debris and lead to oil starvation before installing a new turbocharger add a small amount of clean engine oil into the oil feed port the ideal practice is to hook up the oil feed line disable the engine from starting and then crank the engine until oil comes out of the oil drain tube this will prevent it from dry starting the first time you start the engine we recommend checking that the pcv and oil separator circuits are both functioning properly turbocharger kits like this one from standard make replacement a little easier they already include the required gaskets and hardware needed standards turbo program also includes things like turbo boost sensors and solenoids speed sensors turbo coolant lines oil drain tubes and oil lines as well as charge air coolers most importantly ensure that the customer is aware of the maintenance schedule for their vehicles this includes regular oil changes using the correct oil air filter replacement as well as fuel system cleaning or walnut blasting to remove carbon buildups from the intake valves as with all vehicle systems proper maintenance is the secret to maximum turbocharger service life i'm brian sexton thanks for watching standard is proud to offer oe turbocharger kits that are designed for long-term performance in complex engines whether it's import domestic diesel or gas standard has you covered | ImportCar | UCsKl7G4mLNleqierKaPo05g | 2022-07-25 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 694 | 4,101 |
Tcs-jz_Ediw | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tcs-jz_Ediw | Can Democracy Prevail? How to Reinvigorate Democracy in an Age of Rising Authoritarianism | foreign [Music] you are very welcome to today's IIA webinar I'm Sheamus Allen a policy researcher here at the iaea today I'm delighted to be joined by Charles Dunst deputy director of research and analytics at the Asia group a business advisory firm Charis is going to speak to us for about 20 to 25 minutes and then we'll go to a q a and discussion you can join the Q a and discussion using the Q a button at the bottom of the screen and we'll come to your questions and comments once Charles is finished today's event and the Q a are on the record and you can join the conversation on Twitter using the handle at irea as I mentioned Charles is the deputy director of research and analytics at the Asia group he's also an adjunct fellow at the center for strategic and International Studies insurance has been a fire correspondent in about nearly a dozen different countries throughout Asia and in Europe and wrong on those insights help Charles to write his new book which I have here in front of me defeating the dictators how democracy can Prevail in the age of the strong land it's a really interesting and insightful book and I really enjoyed it as you might be able to tell from how battered my copy is I got it in my local bookstore here in Cork so it should be available in good book shops throughout Ireland Charles is going to speak to us about this book and on the topic of how democracy can be reinvigorated in an age of rising authoritarianism thank you so much for being with us here today Charles I'll hand over to you now the floor is yours great thank you Sheamus thanks for having me and thanks to the institute for hosting it's it's really great I appreciate everyone joining during the summer I know we're heading into holidays so so I really appreciate it it's a real privilege to share my book with all of you so I've been speaking at several events like these over the last six months the book came out in February and I've done events you know in person in the UK in person uh in the United States a bit virtually with India South Africa really all over the place but I want to open by discussing a theme I've picked up in all of these engagements and I noticed at first that in one of my first events in February Westminster uh and the Glamorous kind of old room in the British Parliament there were 100 people there mostly Parliament staffers and think tankers all people working either in democratic government or or supporting democracy from the outside these were all people who care deeply about their own country's democracy and generally about promoting democracy abroad they are generally people I would consider that are ideological allies I opened my presentation by asking how many of them had been to cities like Shenzhen Abu Dhabi Dubai Singapore you know but 50 of them raised their hands and then I asked how many of you felt that things generally worked better in those cities was Singapore's Metro System better than London's what about the Dubai airport did it did it work better than Heathrow did you feel like that the UAE was better governed than the than the UK those same 50 people raised their hands to almost all of those questions and troublingly to me a similar scene has played out in other book engagements I've done around the world both virtually and online I've had Indian journalists asked me why democracy is a better system if the Gulf States in Singapore seem to deliver better for the people than the US and the UK do and but perhaps most striking was the conversation I had with the South African radio host earlier this year he's the host of the country's leading afternoon radio show it open opened our interview by posing a poll to his listeners he asked how many of them would give up some of their Democratic freedoms for I quote a country that works it was somewhere around 99 or 98 of the people who called in said they would and those results floored me initially but the host that he understood why so many South Africans frustrated with their own democracy that doesn't really work in their view would rather live in a high functioning autocracy and for them in Africa Rwanda is that country whereas for some whereas maybe in the Middle East it's the UAE and Saudi Arabia or maybe in Asia it's Singapore for South Africans they think Rwanda as the high functioning autocracy and this kind of consistent constant sentiment I keep hearing that of wanting to live in the UAE or wanting to live in Singapore or wanting to live in Rwanda is that to me is the Crux of the problem at hand and why I wrote defeating the dictators I find it incredibly damaging for advanced democracies both at home and abroad that a significant number of our own citizens seem to think that some form of autocracy whether in Singapore or Rwanda is working better than their own democracies because if citizens do not believe in democracy they will vote for ill for illiberal would-be autocrats willing to hollow out liberal institutions from the inside and there are already a number of serious influential Scholars on the fringes of the left and right who are calling for some form of autocracy precisely because they believe democracy isn't working this is much more of an of a European kind of issue and our European school of thought but you have some European scholars who've argue that climate change is quote bigger than democracy and that only an autocrat can usher in a green future because some type of dictator will need to be able to pull the strings to ban you from taking a certain number of vacations to lower emissions or regulate which type of car you can buy all things that are difficult to do in democracies in in the U.S you've had several Silicon Valley types say that America should become more like Singapore well of course folks in the UK have on the right have argued for the UK to become a Singapore on the Thames and this is to say nothing of kind of the explicitly far-right illiberal anti-democratic politics but this loss of of confidence and democracy is a problem in the developing world too because more and more people there are seeing autocracies not democracies as models Southeast Asian policy makers yearn for China's double-digit growth or Singapore's effective governance not the United States is perceived political chaos and across the Middle East people say they would rather they'd rather live under a UAE style governance than maybe the UK and many South Africans as I found out would prefer to live in autocratic Rwanda to their own democracy how does defeating the dictators fit in here I mean put simply my book aims to do what I think far too few autocracy focused books have done which is offer a tangible roadmap to combating autocracy at home and abroad there's a lot of literature I think lamenting what's gone wrong and why people are buying into attack but there's much less literature on how to fix it and my roadmap centers on providing good governance where democracy already exists because good governance can counter the autocratic impulse at home and make our system more attractive abroad so bear with me as I quickly quickly run through this roadmap the book looks first at ancient China and modern Singapore which democracies can emulate to make our own systems meritocratic ancient China actually invented the concept of a meritocratic civil service system which basically every modern bureaucracy has is now based on to some extent second I look at France Malaysia and Singapore on one end as well as Singapore and the UAE and the other to see how and why governments must hold themselves accountable third I focused on the unlikely suspect to Vietnam a one-party state to see why we must re-establish trust in government fourth I examine mostly the private sector in the west to understand the importance of making long-term plans and how democracies have in recent years failed a bit on this front fifth the book moves on to Denmark which I think many people understand to have the best social states in the world and I looked at Denmark's struggles with the safety net to detail the importance of modern modernizing our social assistance system for the gig economy in particular so next I look to the United States to explain why you must invest more in the people and technology that will Define our shared future that is in human capital seventh I looked at the Asian miracles of China South Korea and Japan to detail the importance of building better infrastructure from of literal roads to digital ones and finally I explained why Advanced democracies I mean thinking really the the broader West so Europe North America along with Japan Korea Australia New Zealand I explained why we must recommit ourselves to opening our doors to immigrants something that I think North America and parts of Europe have done relatively well but that rich democracies everywhere must do better both for practical and ethical purposes and this roadmap is decidedly non-intervention and non-interventionist it's not arguing that we should go around the world trying to forcefully democratize countries like Afghanistan and Iraq it's more so focused on my belief that democracies must take steps to ensure that we are once again the world's model of good governance and economic success because when we offer a road map to Prosperity our people will be less likely to vote into Power Leaders with autocratic Tendencies our prosperity will then make other countries more likely to follow our example in the long term well I mean I guess why you might be wondering is this book necessary I mean of course autocracies don't run the world they very much still rely on Western the Western Financial system and Western technology as Russia has found out the The Bleak future of an autocratic Global Order has not come to pass thanks both to a democracy's astounding resilience and autocracy's own internal contradictions but democracies are struggling and autocracies do seem to be besting us on things like covet response to social safety United States infrastructure and certainly Democratic citizens as you know my experience talking about the book has has demonstrated they wonder why efficiency and quality of life in their country seemingly lag behind maybe the richest parts of China or Singapore or the Gulf States some people both in democracies and abroad would say that we've embraced too much Tamil for our own good modern democracy modern autocracies meanwhile are fundamentally flawed but many have proven themselves quite durable some have have survived have not just survived and thrived I mean think China Singapore and the Gulf States in particular what's critical to explain is that these countries are not like the Soviet Union whose system never performed effectively let alone well part of the reason the West won the cold war is because Soviet liberalism was never successful it was the highest stage of underdevelopment the system never achieved legitimacy at home or abroad because it never worked the same cannot be said of autocracies today China is already the world's largest economy when adjusted for purchasing power parity countries like Singapore and Vietnam have successfully married authoritarianism of market economics to some extent autocracies account for 35 of global income compared to only 12 percent in 1992 and for the first time since 2004 there are today more autocracies than there are democracies these successful autocracies successful autocracies described are of a similar type they are authoritarian capitalist countries in East Asia and Arab Gulf as well as Rwanda they all combine relatively free markets in a reasonably secure property rights some but not all count on natural resources for their wealth be Aviation ones particularly China are blessed with historically high quality if undemocratic institutions and social structures that leaders were able to ReDiscover after colonialism receded again they are nothing like the Soviet Union the economic success of today's liberal governments should make clear then that autocracies are not necessarily brittle there is no guarantee that China or Saudi Arabia will eventually fail because of their own flaws of the Soviet Union did it's worth remembering too I think that most of human history has been made up of Empires and despots autocracy is historically the norm and opposition to democracies even at the heart of Western Civilization Plato's Republic is an eloquent pitch for authoritarianism for for the rule of the rule of benevolent philosopher Kings even the West does not have natural predisposition to democracy it is something that we created certainly but it's also something that we must maintain and this state of affairs I think should concern Democrats everywhere small D Democrats not U.S political Democrats because public legitimacy is increasingly conditioned on performance meaning that because some autocracies today increasingly seem to be performing better than democracies a distressing number of people looking for new political Visions are finding inspiration in autocracy so our failures at home coupled with the successes of Singapore and the gulf have propped up and left open the door for the autocratic leaning politicians who would use domestic discontent discontent to move us away from liberalism we have given would-be autocrats a golden opportunity because when people are fed up with their governing Elites for a perceived failure to deliver on the basics of the good life they will not only vote these Elites out of power but will replace them with the most anti-elite anti-status Global politicians on offer and around the world such politicians tend to be demagogues authoritarian Tendencies this is precisely what happened in Hungary where I lived in 2017 and where left-wing ineptitude gave way to autocracy there's a lot longer story there about how the the left-wing government in the 2000s failed and how it led to Victor Orban it's in the book I don't need to explain all of it but the point is that complacency in the place in the face of popular pain breeds demagoguery and it's not hard to see how failure to deliver could bring on autocrat to power in your own backyard my own backyard which is why we must shut the door and these would-be dictators as soon as possible and to do so we'll need to deliver much better governance a failure to do so we see more people buy into the authoritarian's dream all while inviting more autocratic aggression the impacts of such aggression are often hard to describe to the general public I think in Washington or Westminster or whatnot it's easy to kind of think about well just here's the problem of China having more power but I think often normal ordinary citizens don't realize how lucky they have been to live not only in Liberal systems at home but in a world largely governed by autocracies but we're at risk of finding out how bad it will be to live in a world without such rules as China has grown more and more powerful Beijing as I'm sure you all know has steadily begun asserting its power on the world seeking to refashion the international order around its own ideals a sino-centric order will be one in which global trade and Innovation networks that have long focused on the west will flow back and forth to China instead a world ruled by China will be one in which countries everywhere have little choice but to bend to beijing's whim or face The Economic Consequences it will be a world in which countries must pay fealty to Beijing to maintain act to both maintain access to key Goods like rare Earths and export goods to China's massive Market a world in which I can economic success hinges largely our country's willingness to appease China 's decisions in recent years to restrict trade with Lithuania with Australia purely for political reasons all for a glimpse into what this world would look like and while a sino-centric world certainly does not out does not exist in full I think it exists in part China already has a near Monopoly of rare Earths China posted more chip sales in 2020 than Taiwan and already dominate solar panel production several countries have such deep economic ties with China that they are unwilling to challenge Beijing on pretty critical political and economic issues there are for instance almost no muslim countries willing to criticize China's crackdowns in xinjiang and while many democracies particularly those in Europe and Australia have over the last 18 months hardened on China citing human human rights abuses beijing's bellicosity abroad democracies everywhere are certainly not immune from the pressures of aligning with or at least not aggravating China and this is true with regard to both kind of richer democracies like Israel and developing countries like Malaysia whose leaders are under huge pressure to demonstrate tangible advances particularly in terms of infrastructure or face ousting southeast Asia for instance needs roads and can't say no when China comes to the table with more money and a willingness to build these things than anyone else does and these hypotheticals and actual developments I think forecast what an autocratic World Order would look like a world of autocracies will not be a world of friendly one-party States like Singapore it will be of antagonists like China and Russia whose insecure leaders could pledge us into war and cut us off in the global economy if it does flow through them at any moment and even if autocracies do not entirely succeed in displacing democracies the dictator's muddling of the international order will leave the world frayed allowing for more disruptions and more violence neither is an attractive option but one thing I want to make clear and this has come up in several interviews I've done and particularly in the United States where I think we've heard you know increased questions about well if we're competing with China how should we engage autocracies what's our relationship with Saudi Arabia what's our relationship with countries where democracy might be declining but I want to make clears I think this competition is not yet a zero-sum game just because the democracies in the west and the broader West need to get our own houses in order does not mean that China the United the United Emirates or Vietnam will or must be become democracies tomorrow nor does it mean that we cannot have positive ties with Abu Dhabi and Hanoi in fact I think we can and we should democracies need friends beyond their own Clique which again remains relatively small in the grand scheme of global politics we need strong ties positive ties with Singapore the UAE and Vietnam defeating autocracy in the long term does not require abandoning all autocratic Partners right now rather we should make sure we're using our economic and strategically important relationships with these countries to advance our respective national interests and produce domestic success in our own countries such as by engaging in mutually beneficial trade best success will allow our leaders to do more to support democracy abroad domestic because domestic Democratic success alone will surely boost the Civil Society leaders in democracy Democratic minded folks and autocracies around the world if we make clear that our system works more people will flock to it and make democracy work for them in the long term clearly I'm a Believer in democracy as protesters in Myanmar have so bravely declared happiness is not born in the cage so while some level of prosperity might not require democracy progress contentment and freedom do the world's best still comes from democracies despite our trouble indeed the the social science actually takes paints a very clear picture if you live in a democracy you will almost surely receive a better education become wealthier live longer and have a richer cultural life in your counterparts and autocracies around the world of the world's 25 richest countries only all but seven are democracies only two autocracies rank among the top 20 top 40 in terms of life expectancy the average Japanese lives almost eight years longer than the average Chinese the average Italian lives nine years longer than the average Saudi China and Singapore are the only autocracies that rank in the top 20 most Innovative countries Switzerland Sweden the U.S the United Kingdom South Korea the Netherlands and Finland all outrank Singapore all of these countries along with Denmark Germany and France outrank China on Innovation as well and while some may say otherwise the world's best art clearly still comes from places where there's freedom of expression as well there's a reason why people around the world clamor for American films or Japanese novels I think Haruki murakami could not have written in 1908 a one q84 in an autocracy Jackson Pollock cannot have produced his wonderfully chaotic canvases under one party State there's a reason why Chinese entertainment does not capture the world's imagination in the same way South Korean films like parasite or pop pop bands like BTS have we embrace the volatility tumult and Imperfections of democracy and we're better for it meanwhile the the autocracy success seems increasingly precarious several issues have plagues to play Singapore since founder Lee Kuan Yew died citizens not just migrant workers are struggling to make end meets ends meet after losing their jobs during the pandemic many have signed up for government skills training courses but the provided income is barely enough to feed their families and there are structural problems too the country's fertility rate is steadily declining leaving a smaller Workforce which will likely lead to weed and weak into productivity inequalities on the rise with the government failing to redistribute its stunning wealth even to the same extent as the more conservative United States and most worryingly for Singapore people lost a huge faith in a huge amount of faith in the government when Lee died when Lee Kuan Yew died the state was largely centered around him and his wisdom without him people are less confident in their future and the government recent corruption scandals and other scandals you can you can Google them they've already ousted leading politicians in the last few days are further weakening public confidence and the current prime minister Lee Kuan yew's son is already in the 70s he's chosen a young relatively unproven figure in Lawrence Wong as as his successor the Lee family has been a pillar of stability without them Singapore's future looks a little less bright and China's success could be nearing its end as well the Communist party's goals of improving the economy cleaning up the environment and meeting its people's ever Rising expectations are proving much harder to reach China's economy is slowing juicing is proving difficult and no no small part because the country's already deeply in debt and the government is concerned about rolling out much more stimulus and because of China's massive 2008 stimulus and the package in China enacted already during covid the country's debt is somewhere around 250 percent of GDP debt like that normally precedes a debilitating financial crisis but because China controls its banks a crisis is unlikely that does not mean though that China is out of the woods if China's officials do not clean up their economic system this debt could weigh down the economy for years but zombie firms and unpayable Loans the economy will slow and housing prices will fall many of the loans owned by state-owned Enterprises and property developers will become unpayable at the same time China's income inequality is actually worse than Europe and only slightly better than the United States China's population is aging rapidly due largely to the infamous One China one child policy today pension contributions by workers no longer cover retiree benefits meaning the government has to fill that Gap and if current trends continue China's population will Peak at 1.44 billion in 2029 before entering an Unstoppable Decline and then an era of negative population growth I think above all though it remains to be seen of China's president XI jinping's vision for governance is compatible with economic growth it is hard for me to at least that you can have it both ways that he can be more communist and exert more control over Society while maintaining the high level of economic growth that the Chinese people have come to expect and it remains to be seen too if she under whom China's foreign policy has certainly become more and more aggressive can keep his country out of a disastrous war with Taiwan which would almost surely see China lose access to the Western Financial system and Western technology on which it has long relied Singapore and China though are only two of many examples where autocracies are on the ropes rather than in the clear certainly Russia has an obvious example Belarus is an obvious example but the the gradual Global phase out of oil will eventually put economic pressure on the Gulf States they will have to figure out how to provide their people with the high quality of life to which they become accustomed without oil Revenue climate change will similarly wreak havoc on countries like Vietnam prompting Mass waves of immigration a threatened to undermine even the most Consolidated of autocracies the list the list goes on and of course whereas democracies are willing to embrace the chaos chaos that drives Innovations like the internet and paints paintings like Pollux these interviews this chaos drives us forward autocracy snuff out that same chaos in the name of order stifling progress in its infancy democracies might have their problems but autocracies do too and they don't have the solutions we do sometimes in that this kind of shaky era we're living through this optimism all feels a little bit difficult to believe my book then has really been showing why democracy remains a superior system in spite of Singapore or the uae's clean streets and rapidly accumulated well it's a book about beating back the autocratic challenge by getting our own houses in order by outperforming autocracies to serve as an example for the rest of the world because democracies can defeat dictators only with good governance at home only when people in the world overthink of the United States Europe Japan and other democracies as examples as exemplary leaders that hold the path to the good life can democracy Triumph around the world trying to sell Singapore or Vietnam and democracy using idealistic rhetoric in the wake of January 6th or the UK's three prime ministers in three months is doomed to fail why would why would the stable regimes in Singapore or Hanoi want that I think beating the drum for Liberal values and economics abroad while these same principles appear to struggle at home will do us no good what we need is that is a much more clear-headed approach to future we must commit not only to our values but also to our practices and we must not buy into utopianism into undo confidence and democracy's inevitable success and the self-assurance that reason will save us democracy is not our problem faith in its automatic functioning is and there is no one-size-fits-all fix to democratic distress but it's most my most sincere hope that this book is at least a place to start I hope that it prompts governments and companies to invest in the institutions and communities vital to democracy to invest in us so that we the people powering the democracies of the world can believe in democracy enough to lay claim to the Future on its behalf this might seem like a tall task but democracies are resilient we're tough we bounce back and I know we have it in us to deliver the better future people everywhere deserve I'll leave it there and with that I'm really looking forward to answering questions thanks thank you [Music] | IIEA | UCxVKCX36rGPO4YXBWDrW6gg | 2023-07-18 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 4,782 | 27,961 |
7Xd93GQbpwU | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Xd93GQbpwU | POWDERED LAUNDRY DETERGENT RECIPE + Alternatives For Conventional Laundry Cleaners | hi guys my name is Maegan welcome to my channel today I'm going to teach you how I make my powdered laundry detergent so I've been using this for almost a year now and it works amazingly I use it for all of our laundry and I cloth diaper my daughter I use it for her diapers and our regular clothes and it just works for well for everything so I have been super happy with this recipe I don't think I will stop using it for a really long time we just ran out of this so it is time for me to make another batch and I figured I would show you guys how while I'm doing it so first you will need some plain soap bars I use the ones that I make myself these are just handmade plain coconut oils so FAR's I use these for shampooing my hair I use a free body wash I use it from laundry soap you can also use castile soap bars just some sort of plain so far with that's made with natural and healthy ingredients you can use one that's scented but we're gonna add in our essential oils later and then that will be better because I'll be more fresh washing soda for X and then I'm going to use lemon and tea tree essential oils for this one a lot of times I will add in lavender just because it smells really nice that these are both really good antibacterial essential oils so they also help with cleaning the clothes as well as smelling nice so these are my go-to oils for anything cleaning related and then for supplies you will need a big bowl a one cup measuring cup and a grater and then I also have here a jar this is a half gallon job with the tablespoon measure in it and this is what I use to store my laundry detergent so the first thing that we're going to do is we are going to use this grader and we are going to grate up our soap bars [Music] one eternity later [Music] okay now that that is all graded up I'm going to measure it out in my measuring cup one two three so that came out to three cups even which is really nice so the way you tell how much of the other two ingredients is you just doubles however much soap you have you do two parts of each of the other ones so I have three cups of soap so I'm going to do six cups of four X and 6 cups of washing soda the easy way to remember this is just one part soap and two parts of washing soda and borax and then we're going to add our essential oils for this recipe I use 40 drops of tea tree and 40 drops of lemon so just 80 drops total of whatever essential oil you decide to use and then we're gonna stir it all up now I'm gonna put it all in my jars I use a canning funnel so that I don't spill it all over the place and now I have two big jars of powdered laundry detergent this will last me for quite a while for a long time I only made one draw at a time and now I just made two cuz it'll last me way longer and I have a lot of things that I need to do so I can't be making a laundry soap all the time you just put two tablespoons of this in a big load of laundry I know you might be tempted to put more thinking it will get your clothes cleaner especially if you're washing diapers but don't put any more than two tablespoons because it could get all gunky on the clothes that is a good amount to have it clean it really well but not be so much that it leaves residue behind so that is a super easy simple recipe and takes hardly any time the thing that takes a long as it's grating up a soap which I don't very much enjoy but it's definitely worth it to have this really healthy alternative to laundry soap it's healthy for your skin and especially for my daughter who is really young still and her skin is still really something it was really important to me to not use anything bleach I wanted to use everything natural and just not put anything harsh on her skin so when I do run out of this what I use in place of it is castile soap this is this hope that I use to bathe my daughter this is her shampoo and body wash well combined and I also use it in my hair so if you run out of your letter so if you don't have time to make anymore and you have this on hand you can use a quarter cup of this and a load of laundry and then if I have clothes that are extra dirty if she had a really really bad poopy diaper or something or luke got all money in his work clothes I like to use vinegar along with that laundry detergent so I'll use about a quarter of a cup of apple cider vinegar or white vinegar or I even use kombucha that has excellently gone too long I left this kombucha brewing for over a month it was probably closer to two months so it got really really strong a vinegary and you can use this in place of apple cider vinegar I use it in baking as a substitution for apple cider vinegar and as I said earlier I don't like to use any harsh chemicals which means I never use bleach I haven't used bleach for over a year now and you might be wondering well how do you keep your white clothes looking white so what I use in place of bleach is hydrogen peroxide if you have any color of clothes that got stained you can put this on it and let it soak and it will get it right out if I'm doing a white load I will just pour a bunch of this in there I don't really measure I just squirt some in there it's probably close to a quarter cup of it this is a great alternative to bleach it's not toxic it's gentle on your skin you can use it when you're washing cloth diapers and then the other way that I get clothes bleached again and especially her diapers is I lay them out in the Sun I get them damp so it works great to wash them and then I just lay them an aside to dry and they will go back to white the sign bleach isn't for me so that is really nice so that is how I make laundry soap I hope you guys enjoyed seeing that and seeing my alternative to some of the things people use to watch their clothes I post three new videos a week on Monday Thursday and Saturday and I will see you next time bye [Music] [Applause] [Music] | Wilson Homestead | UCWVlhzHe0xNarSoQ0T2yJag | 2019-06-22 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,218 | 5,904 |
zxcfPACo4-g | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zxcfPACo4-g | Polymer Developer Summit 2016 - Live Stream Day 2 | This is a test. Now you can see the text as well. Good morning, the program will begin in 5 minutes. Please take your seats and silence all perso nal electric devices. Thank you. Welcome to another edition to another... (beep) Don't make me laugh! Hey there, welcome to another e dition of the Monica show. Sorry ... If you have noticed and tried to use some of our custom element s. Take these inputs... Do you have tape? Why don't you tape it to my back? I have a for mat that is... Look at that, it has an increme ntal birthday. That's how you can... God damned. In the comments below, you can find me on Twitter. Oh... (beep) Thanks for watching. I forgot e verything. God! (beep) this is hard. Monica: So, I thought this was going to be a disaster before that hap pened. Great. Good morning. Welcome to the 2n d day of the Polymer summit. I was supernervous. Oh my god. That is Matt to throw you off. It is going to be a disaster, please be nice to me. I have to remind you of things. All the v ideo's are already on Youtube. If you missed anything you can watch them again. I want to re mind you of the community guidel ines. The code of conduct is pos ted outside, on the website. If you have feedback, or anything wrong or well, you can give feed back. Any of the speakers or staff. They are wearing black or white shirts. I'm running out of breath. The state of the i nternet is Dion. Dion's fun fact is dubious. He was a national chess champion when he was 12. I made a mistake, it wasn't chess but scrib scrabble. I'm sure he doesn't remember his first 15 years of life. Give it up for Dion, everybody. (applause) Dion: Hi, how is everyone doing? How was day 1? It was fun, right? (applause) Great, thanks a lot. I want to say thanks to Matt to give the opportunity. Great to be back h ome in London. They did a fantas tic job for the, summit and the new release of Polymer 2. I kinda needed it yesterday and th e party. 2016 has been an inte resting year. Now and then I get a little bit frustrated. Again, I grew up here, I had frus trations being here. Now I live in the US. And there is a few frustrations right now in the U S. (applause) so, I kinda look at Canada, Australia. I really don't know. But then... I have to go to data. Take a breath. It is the best time in history to be a human. It is okay. The world is more peaceful. There is less poverty. I have to calm myself down. Sometimes I feel the same way with technology. Where I dive in there and feel a little bit frustrated. There is so much stuff going on. Things are evolving so quickly. I have to remember, I may not have to line every single tool that someone publishes. It may be ok ay to focus on delivering some thing for my users. And then, I have to remember again after ta king a breath, things are ama zing for the web right now. I u sed to work for Walmart. Where I started a mobile group. Which also is in the UK. It is 5 years ago. Where I kicked out mobile from the ground up. The business wanted apps, apps, apps. It is 5 years ago. A big push. We got it in the app store. We built a brand new appstore that r work ed well on mobile. Things se ttled. Whenever something new happens, it is up in the riot. A couple of years in, I can see, okay, 80% is still coming throug h the website. Maybe there is something to the web thing. We should focus a lot of attention over there. We are getting over there across the community. The macro pitch on what's going on. We can look at the data and see how things are balancing out. As well as being an important end of the tap experience, we need to become native on mobile. Th at's what the progressive web is about. Delivering all of the capabilities. That has been exci ting over the last year. But, I kan kinda feel like this. Like I 'm regenerating from desktop ap ps web to mobile web. And I feel like, as a whole eco system, we are still going through this change. And we are not fully the re yet. But it is important to know how far we have come. When mobile took off, it was the pin ching zoom web. It was a genius strategy of Steve Jobs. It be came the catalog. Everyone was working on Wap and weird things from Mobile. It wasn't the path to get access to all of the con tent. We have been able to get from that and move away. We d on't want it to be the back cata log, but the forefront. We can d eliver experiences, like the partners have been showing. This is really a sense where we have been able to get to over the last few years. But we have a ma jor challenge. And we are an interesting crossroads. It is im portant to notice there is a threat going on here. That's about building a mission for the users to deliver this fantastic experience. But, to do it on this platform, there is very different. On the web, you have the browser and the runtime. That's on the device. And you have to use that as much as pos sible and use the platform and things we have been hearing. We also have this stuff on top of it. All the frameworks, the app code and all the data and things we need. How are we going too get that onto the device and in a way that mobile can actually run on that. Russell is going to tell about it. It is vital to realise the threat we are in. We need to deliver it in 3 seconds or we are dead. It is important for us the framework develop ers, and the browsers, to keep e volving this run time to work very well for mobile. How do we solve this? We have to do magic. Computer science tends to be il lusion. As you are interacting on the desktop computer. Trying to do some work for you. We know it is going through a task in the background. At the last mi nute, repaint the cursor. We need to work out a way to do that. Monica and Steve talked about it yesterday. It is impor tant that we really push hard, u sing all of the tricks and smo kes and mirrors. Paul is going to talk later. He is the master magician. You have to watch him do live co ding and see the different tricks he is getting upto here. We need to do 2 things important ly. Squash everything down. And get to a point where they are optimized. Same with the own code and data. But the flipside is, we need to take a slice of our information, of our UI, and to be able to deliver that slice. And be able to lazily load things later. It is impor tant for us to do it. We need to do it in a way makes sense for us. Back at Wallmart we did a lot of rendering. But it became a spaghetti mess. If you would look in the code. If I'm on the server, doing this. It is pain ful. We need to have the ability to do less work. And do work later for our devices. But we a lso need to be able to do that as developers. And for that, we need to have all of the right tools to give us the abstrac tions where we can fake this out and let the illusion happen. So this is why we are excited at the summit. Polymer has got the right match here. It is a great tool to allow us to deliver th is experience. And I'm super ex cited for you to see what comes up in the day. And now I want to get off stage and allow you to see what's going on in the world of tooling. I think it is going to impress you and show you wha t's going to be possible for meeting that challenge. Thanks so much. (applause) monica: I had the task to introduce Justin. Next are Justin and Fred and Peter, to tell what's up with tools. We have to figure out which is which. One used to be a hippy rockstar in Celebrity Hot tub. One of them gave themselves a concussion by misusing a bench. And one of them used to do a lot of pottery. He has been using Polymer all of his life. Give it up for them. (applause) Hello. Good morning everyone. Thanks Monica. For getting the day started and for being here. I hope everyone is excited for day 2. I'm Justin. Fagnani. I'm excited to tell you what we have been up to. Yesterday you got to hear about the future of Poly mer and web components. You heard about the new standards which are starting to ship na tive in browsers. And Polymer 2. 0 and how it builds on the stand ards and how it is smaller, ea sier to use and more interoperab ltble. We are also working on some major upgrades for the tools. So they work with the new standards, Polymer 2.0 and usef ul for the web components eco system. In the next 45 minutes we are going to take a tour of our tools. Why we built tools. Updates of the core tools and the toolbox and how we deliver the tools to you so how you can use them. Let's start at looking why we built tools and why we have a tools team on the Polymer team. It hasn't always built a lot of tools. The core library team has reversed the tooling. When they, probably most love is the immediacy of working on it. So their tools consisted of an editor. And a browser. And t hat's pretty much it. Components and apps and tests would load i n the browser. By not addend too many layers of abstraction. There is not so much need for a complex tool chain. You almost always need some tools. We are u sing the new features, many of the existing tools didn't quite work how we wanted. So first, we needed a dev server that could serve up components and the dep endencies easily. And we needed a bundeler. And then we wanted a test runner that worked with the component first workflow and could load Html files. It went on and on. Until we ended up with this kitchen drawer full of tools. This is very very hard for our team to maintain. We en ded up with many pages of tools in the documentation. And this is hard for the users. It is es pecially hard for users who are new to the web components world. At the beginning of this year, we knew we needed a dedicated tools team. We needed to go back and reenvision this. That is ea sy to approach and understand. That was a good time to stop and start an important question: Why? Why is the Polymer team building tools in the first p lace? The tools we created did n't come out of nowhere. We built them because they solved real problems. What kind of pro blems? Web development in gene ral has many many problems to address. And, as we all know, web development has many many many tools to address them. But with Polymer and web components, we have these new and unique problems to deal with the exis ting tools don't address. For one, Html and Css are exten sible. It used to be easy. A fix ed set of tags. And text editors and linters could build on it. With custom elements it changes. Html is an open ended set of tags. How you know it is valid? Same with Css. It used to be global. Now w with Shadow Dom it has scopes and an open ended set of properties. It is harder to use now. There are also many different ways to write. You have seen a few. We have Polymer 1.0. 2.0, the legacy. Vanilla custom elements. And we have the other libraries. Like Xtags. And I'm sure a lot more I'm not aware of. And then with Html imports, it c an import themselves. This a bility for Html to have a depen dency is new. Existing bundlers and linters don't know the struc ture of Html. We can notice some thing about all of these proble ms. They are not Polymer speci fic. They apply to web compo nents in general. This brings us to a really important principle we have on the team. The poly mer tools are not just tools for the Polymer core library. Our g oal is to help all web compo nents developers and users. I t hink this is something really u nique to the J web components ec o system.. Because of the intero perability of web components, the success of the users or lib rary is a success for all. We build this eco system. So this is one major motivation for tools. To solve problems. At the same time we are in the midst of the change, other parts of development are evolving as ra pidly as ever. There are a choler slew of new technologies and expectationtion that are drastically changing the Webapps, especially mobile we can apps to officer offer a truly great mobile experience, apps now have to have what was urn till recently a fairly sop histicated structure, supported by a sophisticated tool chain, on the Polymer Team, we've been trying to codify these into a best pattern that helps you craft an O mall loading experience. We came up with this acronym PRPL. That stands for push, render, precache and lazy load. PRPLel involves things like HTTP push to push exactly the resources needed for a route . Service Worker and per route bundling when push isn't available. These techniques are critical for engagement and to compete with native apps. And tools can help make this manageable. The goal of defining a pattern like PRPL is to make it easily repeatable. And re repeatability is something tools is really, really good at. We want to take these cutting edge techniques and make them s tandard practice, we want to make things like optimal loading the default when starting any new App. So that's why we're building tools, this is what get s us to work in the morning. Let 's look at what we actually build. Our tools are organized around a set of core single purpose libraries like the project initializer, test runner and the build system. These tools each address a problem along the life cycle of a proj ect, from getting started to all the way to building through production. And we take these tools andante greet them all and deliver them to you in the Polymer CLI, and then, boyaring most of these tools is a common analysis engine that allows our tools to really understand your project. Now, let's take a look at that engine that powers our tools. A few months ago we embarked on a project to build a new and flexible static analyze r for the web, which I'm really happy to talk about for the first time, it's kaled the Polymer analyzer. The analyzer helps other tools understand applications and components in this new extensible words. Many different types of files using new Elements and written in different libraries. It's job is to dig into this complex graph of resources that make up an amountr App, find, extract important features like Element definitions and HTML and provide APIs for other tools to oper ate on this structure. It does it all with Plug-Ins so the a nalyzer can be extended without changing it's core implementation. The analyzer comes with several parser Plug-Ins so it understands HTML, JavaScript,CSS and general JSON , in the future we can add support for additional languages the like TypeScript. It also understands many different ways of importing files into each other, like HTML import, inline and external scripts and soon JavaScript native imports. And it has a large set of Plug-Ins for supporting Custom Elements poly and Vanilla Custom Elements when the analyzer processes a file, it processes it with one of the parser Plug-Ins, then it scans the documents looking for important features with it's set of scanner Plug-Ins, we have an HTML import scanner, and dom-module that can find the DOM mog you and parse the templates , and Element scanner which can find a Polymer Element declaration and find important features of it, like it's properties. Next, the analyzer parses and scans any imported and in-line documents until it's analyzed everything in it's application, here we have an import importing another file and analyzer finds that. Finally the analyzer can resolve references between features and really understand that's going on. We know this tag is an instance of a definition in another file. The analyzer extracts a lot of information about Elements it understands it's basic API, attributes and I scripts, knows how to style an Element, knows about it's pr otopipe chain, and super class and mixins, import and get it's documentation. This information is available to all the other tools available on the analyzer . As part of the analyzer work, we're also adding a new feature to help our tools better u nderstand App Shell style apps that use lazy importing, we call this declarative lazy imports. The analyzer and it's Plug-Ins work well because of it's declarative nature of Polymer, the more your application is declarative, the more question we can tell what it's doing w ithout having to run it. Lazy imports today use a lazy API that trips up static analysis F we take a look at a typical App style App, we have a Shell that's loaded before rendering. It then dynamically loads the code needed for a particular r oute. To actually load a route you almost always see a snippet of code like this, this is a method that takes the page name and loads the associated HTML page with H import ref, or maybe the bundler might miss some files. Declarative lazy imports allow you to specify the imports you willowed right in your markup. Lazy imports are like link tags like HTML, they're link tags like HTML imports, they use different attributes and have a group name. When you load the import you do it by group, not IRL, we provide a URL , tools like the bundler can change URL around without break ing your code. Being in mark up tools like analyzer can see the lazy import and know you're going to import this URL in the future. You can try out a preview of lazy imports today that works with Polymer 1.0, we'll be adding Polymer 2.0 support soon and doing' new release. Before I finish with the analyzer, let's talk about Linting because it's sitan important consumer analysis information. We're rewriting it will Polymer Linter on top of the analyzer, this will bring important improvements soon. The Lint command in the CRI checks declared properties use in the data binding or the Elements you use are actually defined and imported. But the current Linter has a hard coded set of riles that only works with Polymer 1.0 Elements, like I talked about it doesn't work well with lazy imports. So because the new analyzer powers the Linter, it understands all the different types of Elements that the analyzer does. Not only that, but we're making the Linter itself existential so the new Linting rules can be added b iousers, this is important for internal use at Google and enterprise that have stricter policies they want to enforce. We're also using rile sets the, Polymer 2.0 mode and hybrid mode . Choosing the right tool set ma kes sure you use only the right features in the specific Polymer that you're targeting. So the main insight of the analyzer is that web applications are not just HTML and not just JavaScript, they're built for many types of files and many ways of importing them. We might have HTML, JavaScript, CSS, images and more, and so we can't rely only on JavaScript tooling or only on HTML tooling, we need something that brings them all together, which is exactly what the analyzer does. And we can do some pretty awesome thing s with the results. The new analyzer is key to our goal of supporting many different tools and many different Web Components libraries. If you use a right Web Components library we encourage you to get in touch with us so we can help you write Plug-Ins nor the analyzer, if you write tools or interested in using the analyzer , please get in touch with us so we can get help out as well. The APIs are not completely finished, we want to launch with support for as many libraries adds we can. let's next talk about Mace package management. Y ay! As you all know we use Boyer to distribute all of our packages, and Bower works really well for us, achieving thually, but the ecosystem has been co alessing behind MPM, many have a sked for MPM support so you can use a single packet manager. There's an infamous issue on github, issue 323, publish sub projects on NPM and add them to package.json. This issue was opened almost exactly 3 years ago today and it has 202 lively comments on it. Now NPM support turns out it's much harder than it seems at first. And while we haven't solved this issue yet, I don't want to get your hopes up, we're not going to announce NPM support right now (ooooo) sorry. We did come up with a plan, at least, and I want to go over that plan, and I want to talk about some really awesome progress that's been made recent ly. So the plan looked like this . The first thing we want to do is publish raw packages to NPM, not make any changes to them, we generated package.json file from Bowir.json, if you figure out how to use them, let us know (Laughing) we knew there would be some problems especially because NPM installs things possibly in a nested struck choir, and that's difficult for us. So the next step was to find or build a plat package installer. Something that might take an NPM and platen out all t he packages. Step three we needed to build a Bower plus NPM release tool, something that smooths out the differences between packages and tries to install and test our Preparing a democrat plait for a annals from both Bowre and NPM to make sure we push working packages to both Repositories. Finally, when we have all that, and we know that you can trust this when you install something from NPM or Bower and it will work we will publish it all to NPM. Step one we did a while back, we published things as is to NPM, like we suspected people weren't able to get them working that easily. So, we started working on the design for a plat package installer, along with everything else we were up to at the time. When Facebook got in touch with us and gave us some really, really awesome news, and that awesome news was Yarn, which you might have heard about . They were working on new package manager that uses the NP M registry and they asked us what we would need to use it. And so we started working with them and gave them requirements, filing issues, we were a little busy to submit code, they were very happy to add the features that we needed, we got Yarn to do 2 one thing we really, really needed. Which is flat installation with proper version conflict resolution. This is huge for us. And not only that, not only can a user say that they need to instale things flat , but a package can say that it requires a plat installlation, this is what all packages will need to do, it won't work if they're nested. This finally makes Yarn a viable replacement for Bower and really unlocks the NPM plan. Step two was by far the most difficult thing and the Yarn team basically did it for us. Now, we can move on, this is where we're at now, we can bui ld the release tool which is going to change some small differences between Bower and NP M, then we're going to publish everything to NPM, and you'll have to use Yarn to install them . Yarn is a really big deal, for us, NPM, for the entire Front-End development community. We're super excited, I think some of the Yarn team is here today. We're very excited to continue working with them and make sure it works great for Polymer. This is our plan for N PM, stay tuned, we'll have news on this very soon. (Applause) Next, let's talk about bundling and code splitting. Today, we are announcing a new version of the. The Polymer Bundler. It is extremely important to reduce loadtimes. A lot of files would cripple your performance. But it can be important to squeeze ting, which is creating more t han 1 bundle is important to make sure bundling doesn't work against you. You include too much in your bundle. But shar ding can be complicated. Differe nt options are available for dif ferent environments. It makes it easy to do bundling with a shar ding. Vultacanize doesn't do sharding. And this was slo wer than it needs to be and it wasn't flexble. Now we are ta king that bundling logic. And we are combining them into the Polymer bundling. Along the line we are teaching the bundlers new tricks. It can produce better shards in many scenario 's. To understand how it works, let's imagine a app style. The shell always loads first. Based on the Url it loads the entry point. And these entry points have dependencies. Some share b etween entry points. Usually there is a dependency that are shared between everything. The trick in a Prpl app is need lo ading what is needed. And it is as fast as possible. The chal lenge with bunling is not to bundle more than is needed.So what we've done with the new bundler is make it strategy for bundling and splitting your App plugble, we made the detail strategy configurable with a single parameter that controls the number of shards that you get. The way that we calculate bundles is to build up this table that maps files to the unique set of entry points that use them. This is already www .way that you could bundle -- one way you could bundle your A pp where each row is a bundle. This is far too many small bundles to be useful. You might end up with a bundle for every possible entry point. This is where strategy comes in, a bundling strategy takes fine grain bundle plan and modifies it. One strategy could simply to personal everything together in one huge bundle and that's what vol cab nice does. The CLI uses anything using more than one entry point into one shared b undle and bundle everything else with one entry point that uses it. This is what it looks like in in CLI. You end epiwith one shared bundle for the Shell, the common dependencies and then you end up with a bundle per route. This is usually a pretty good approach, but in a really big App it can result in a really big shared bundle. Which basically defeats the purpose of sharding. We made the strategy configureable by setting a threshold. Only if it 's used by more entry points of a threshold is it put into a shared bundle. Otherwise it's pit into a bundle for it's unique entry points. We think this lets you easily go in one bungedel to one shared bundle to many bundle depending on the needs of your application. If you have more custom needs you can write your own bundling strategy. So we're going to be rolling out the new bundler very soon in the Polymer CLI, we'll keep you posted through the usual channels: Okay, speaking of the CLI, it's imnext on our tour. -- it's imnext on our tour. The CLI is augite way to our tool suite, first and main tool that most Polymer programmers are going to direct ly experience. We announced it as part of the Polymer App toolbox. Our main goal was to help you build progressive Webapps and PRPL apps and we wanted to offer a turnkey out of the box experience that produced extremely fast loading and rendering apps that took advantage of client side route ing, lazy loadingsh push, pre-caching and worked off line. And CLI helps you do that by default. We also wanted to use the CLI to solve problems with our existing tools, discover ability and ease of use. Because we had built up a set of many, many separate tools over time, it was difficult for our users to find everything they needed. And it was often hard to use these separate tools together. So the CLI solves this by including everything in one install and by integrating the tools ensuring they all work together. So to talk about that, let me bring up my teammate Fre d Shot, he's going to talk about the CLI. >> Fred: Hey, everyone. All right, I'm going to start by stealing a line from Peter's talk yesterday. Is everyone feeling excited? Let's try that again? Is everyone feeling excited! (Yeah) is anyone feel ing overwhelmed (Yeah) is anyone feeling a little dread. Well the CLI will help make that all better, the CLI is our gateway to the tool suite. It makes us ing all these tools and develop ing with web components past fas ter and easier I'll give a overview of the five commands and deep dive into one of those to see how CLI fits with our greating ecosystem tooling. Okay, so five commands. The first one is a Inity it brings c ustom templates right into your projects to help you get started , let's say you have a great idea for a new Element, this thing is going to be huge, it's going to get thousands of stars on github, Rob's going to invite you to do a Polycast, this is awesome. Well you can get stuck creating your environment, setting I want Bowe r, NPM your tests or you can run Init and it brings a custom starter Element right into your directly, all automatically. We also have a starter application template, same thing, really bare bones to help you get started, or if you like something a little more feature complete we have Polymer starter kit a progressive Webapp configureed to ice App drawer and a lot of other goodies. These are all really cool templates that hem you get started quick. It comes with four bundle CLI in total, my absolute favorite part of the command is you're not just limited to the four. You can actually create your own templates, publish them to NPM and share them with the com munity. And so we're already seeing a ton of community templates pope up for working with internationalization, ES6, Google App engine, all these are custom templates built by the community and usable by any one. So we've only really been talking about this for a few months now, already we're seeing templates pop up. Thanks to you guys who have createed them. I can't wait to see what we do in the next months, years to come. So, that's Init. Serve, the serve command will create and start a dev server for you automatically so you can see your code in the browser while you work on it. No configuration necessary, it's built for web components and does a lot of good stuff to help you develop quickly. Lint. Leapt Lints your project helps you catcher reports fast. Test help you test your code by setting up a dev server to test your browser right from the command line. And build, helps you build a Webapp for production. And these five commands together represents abentire developer work Init get s started, serve Lint and test build code quickly and build get s your application out to production users. The analogy I like to use for the CLI, it's like your Swiss army knife for Web Components, simple, easy to use, and it's alls available to you in your project -- and it's always available to you in your project. So each of the commands is worthy of it's own talk, I'm going to focus on build so you can see how CLI relates to test of the ecosystem . Let's talk about it. Build takes your project and processes it to make a optimized web-r eady version of your site. Ready to deploy. So, what do I mean? Well, this is making your web site. It starts with your project and the first thing it does is passes through the new analyzer that Justin mentioned earlier. This lets us do a ton of cool stuff in the build process. For example it can analyze exactly what files and dependencies you're using and filter out all the other ones you're not. So this results in builds that are about 96-95 we saw, percent smaller than your actual development directory. By filtering out all the unnecessary stuff in your components and dependencies, directory. It does a ton of other cool stuff in the build pipeline, which you'll see in a second. The next thing we do is optimizer code, so we minify your code, we can render JavaSc ript through Babel, we optimize it for production ice in older browsers. Next we bundle your code, and so we combine files together based on the analysis we did earlier, we combine them where we can to reduce the number of request requests that your users need to make. And then we generate a Service Worker for you. Again, because of the abnaturalizer, we know exactly what files you need to pre- cache on the browser to get an off like experience for your users. And that's it. So with the CLI you get this full build pipeline from start to finish already configured and ready to use. And so we launched this and it was great. People are using it, using it on their project, but we started to get a lot of feature requests, and it turns out people like to customize their build process. Who knew? So we could of kept going and add any features, new options and new options for new features . But, we had to take a step back and remember that with were working on something that was simple and easy to use, and we were doing that, but we were kind of leaving our advance use cases, more complex apps out in the rain. And if we kept that in feature -- adding feature after feature to help them as well we wouldn't have a simple Swiss army knife, we'd have something like this. This is probably the best representation of software that's hard to work with I've ever seen. That was until I real ized that's a secret compartment in the handle filled with more tools (Laughing) and now that is the most just amazing photo I'v e ever seen. And so I think we've all worked with something like, this right? Semisoft ware trying to do way too Mitch and just ends up hit yowling. Some software that trying to do way too much and ends up hurting you. The CLI was never Mental Health meant to do -- never meant to do everything. We knew the build logic shouldn't live in the CLI , it should live in it's own library that anyone could use. If you wanted to create your own pipeline you could do it, and we could give you the tools to help. I want to show you a quick exam 38 of what this looks like, we only -- example of what this looks like. We need two things, Polymer Project and the second is Service Worker. Now let's recreate this entire build pipeline using some JavaScript. The first thing we need is your application, your code, and we're going to get that from two different streams from the project, sources and dependencies. We split it so you could handle it differently if you like, minify your dependencies, totally up to you, flexibility and power is the name of the game here. So we're going to combine them into one merge stream and then analyze t hem. And that's going to power the rest of the build stream. We're going to optimize them and run it through some minification here of different tools for different code. One thing really cool, split HTML and rejoin HTML, pull out in- line code into the build files in the pipeline. That lets these tools see them and minify them before combining them back into in-line JavaScript CSS once again. Next rerun it through the bundler, which helps bundle them, which Justin talked about earlier. And finally, we write your build to disk and then create a Service Worker. The order on those is flipped, but the result is the same. You now have a complete build, a complete build pipeline, written in only a few lines of JavaScri pt. And now you can do anything . So now, with JavaScript you can hook into one of these place s to run something else. You can remove things, you can add new code, add new minifiers, you have complete control over what you want to do here. And so that's really what we're talking about when we talk about the CL I and the rest of these powerful tools. We want to give you one way to bring them all together easy to use, doesn't take a lot of work to get working. We also want to give everyone the tools 20 go out and explore and create their own different implementations as they need them. So this provides a really nice off ramp from beginner to intermediate usage into the more complex usage as your project grows and matures. So that's gist a quick, quick overview, both of that he would says are available on NPM, the CLI helps you work with Web Components really easily. Polymer build helps you build if you'd like to do something with a bit more control. We're excited to keep developing these. Now I'm going to hand back to Justin to talk a bit more thank you. (Applause). >> Justin: All right. I hope most of you are able to use the CLI, very convenient tool, give us some feedback. We're going to try to do a final release at some point coming up here in the future. The CLI is just one way that we expose our core tools to users. But your terminal isn't the only place where you work. You certainly spend much more time in your text editor than you do at the terminal, unless you're one of VI or EMAX users. And so, there's some really important problems to solve while you're editing code. First, running crash is a real ly bad way to finder reports. It 's much better to see the errors as you make them, if you can. Next APIs and documentation are hard to remember, and jumping between your editor and documentation just slows you down. And also, large codebases are hard to navigate. Text search isn't really advance enough for programming, and you want something better than that. So luckily these are all solvable problems, and they're solved in a lot of other progr amming environments, and the declarative nature of HTML and Web Components give us the opportunity to deliver a world class editing experience for Webapps. It only makes sense to bring our tools right to where you work, in your editor. I forgot to advance my slides. H ere's some bulling et points ( (Laughing) so I'm happy to a nnounce today that we're releasing a set of text editors for Polymer (Applause) and I'm not going to tell you about it. I'm going to bring on our other teammate, Peter to talk more about it. Welcome Peter. (Applause). >> Peter: Thanks a lot Justin, I'm really excited to be up here to unveil the work we've been doing on editor Plug-Ins, pr oviding a fantastic developer experience has alls been part of the plan of the Polymer Team, only recently that our tooling infrastructure has caught up to our ambitions. So I'll start by talking about Linting. We released last year PolyLint. Our first pass at Linting. It's very powerful. Gives you a lot of great warnings and great investigation about problems that come up as you're writing Web Components (Great i nformation about problems) but we learned something else from using it and getting feedback from people, it is too slow. I mean for linting to be a really productive part of your develop er experience, it has to be instantaneous. Anything less and you start to lose faith in it. You start to lose trust in it. You start to fall out of your flow and start questioning, what is the Linter doing? Is it helping me here? And worst of all it can sometimes start to make your text editor start to stutter, all that's totally unacceptable. So we built Lint with a new analyzer to have incredibly fast incremental updates of analysis of your code , which lets us do much faster Linting. The analyzer also gives you very precise information about what's going on in your source code so we can give you very precise underlin es of problems. So let's take a quick look. So here is a text editor, it's called visual studio code, open source released by Microsoft. It's very fast, smooth, and existential. And here, it's running our new editor plug-in, we've got a red Squiggle under the HTML import, this this is a HTML file, it's under lining right where the problem is. We get an error message. Also notice how fast it is. As I'm typing each single character the moment it's correct the Squg Texasle goes away. It also understand JavaScript. So the moment there's a syntax error, let is fine, Foo is fine equals syntax error, string, everything's fine. Okay. So that's Linting. Linting is nice. Linting is good . What else can we do? What about intelligent, contextual, as you type, auto completion. So here we auto completed the paper-spinner Element, control space, I get all of the Docs extracted right out of the source codes. Scroll through them. You can push enter, auto complete that Element. Paper spinner is a really awesome Element, but it has a really simple API, let's look at another Element that looks simple but has a surprising and under appreciated and rich API, paper button. Okay, laytimes take a moment, go through what happened there, with everything single edit to this file, every single key press, we are reanalyzing this file. And the editor plug-in notices there was a new import added, so it tracks down that file, parses it , analyzes it, scans it, extract s the met that data for those Elements -- Meta data for those Elements, including documentat ion from JavaScript and HTML com ments and puts it into a cache and the cache is available as you're typing to power the auto completion, so when I added paper button import, I get paper button and paper button ripple and auto completion I'll select paper button, I'll move my cu rsor over here, I push control space, and I get auto completion of the properties and attribute s on that Element. (Applause) and we're able to extract a ton of structuring investigation about these attributes. I know the types, I know the Docs for each of these had tributes, I also know where they were defined and if they were defined in another file or as part of another behavior, I can see that too. For example toggles comes in adds part of Polymer.Iron -button state. Mow many people any that you could use paper button as a toggle Element for a check box or radio button? I had no idea. Yeah, I see about ten hands, maybe. Um, it's a really powerful Element, I think it's really under appreciated because it's hard to track down all the documentation, takes you out of the flow to do it. What I wanted to do here is have a simple paper button with a little shadow, select raised I'll start typing because I want to customize it a little more, it narrows down the auto completion, as you'd expect I'll select elevation, but I didn't read the Dacs, I can mouse over and get a pop up for the documentation for the attribute. Okay, it's a number, and the number is zero to five, bigger is a deeper shadow. That's nice I'll select one, I might tweak it later. But what if I wanted to go a step further? Maybe I wanted to understand how that shadow affect was implemented. How that raised Material Design comes in. I can move my cursor over the raised attribute, and push a single button, F12 and jump straight to the definition of that attribute. (Applause) notice this isn't a totally different file, this is paper. HTML. Not only that it's not part of my project. This is my components directory. That's not a problem for the analyzer, and not a problem for the editor service. But I didn't see e levation there. let's jump to that definition. Oh, right this is in a totally different file, this is in a behavior, right, so I'm now in paper button behavior.HTML. Okay, that's actually in a totally other package, paper behavior, paper button behavior.HTML. So that was coming in from a behavior, mixed into the paper button Element, and then made available right there in your editor. So, you might notice that I've been saying Custom Elements, Web Components, not just Polymer Elements here. We mean that. As Justin was saying earlier, we built the analyzer as a plugble, existential system for where you co -- it can notice multiple different ways of writing Custom Elements and declaring them. So let's take another look at another example. So this is a 100 percent Vanilla Custom Element declaration. The beauty of this, you can copy and paste this code directly into Chrome Canary or Safari technical preview, works with zero dependencies, this is not a Polymer Element, only of the Web Platform. I can jump into index HTML and import vanilla and immediately I get auto completion for this vanilla Custom Element . (Applause) we've extracted the documentation and I can auto complete it. Go over to its attributes, get auto completion of it's attribution with documentation and type, if it's annotated. I can mouse over for the pop-up, and select it and jump to definition. That's right. Every single feature that I demonstrated today for Polymer Elements works exactly as well for vanilla Custom Elements. Blaze places Custom Element (Applause) and we do not want to stop there. If you're in the audience and you use another Custom Element Framework or the author of one, I know there's some in the audience, we want to work with you, join us on github or Slack channel, I'll be opening up the editor channe l just after this talk. So, we have -- had one more dilemma when we were implementing this. As I started to think about editors I went around to 2 Polymer Team. There's about toe people on the team. I started to ask them what editors they used. I discovered a shocking fact. There are maybe 20 people on the team and there are six editors in active daily use. It 's kind of crazy, right? But it 's also really good, that means the editor ecosystem is really competitive, and there's lots of great editors out there with lots of features that are vying for your user experience. But what do we do as plug-in author? Well, we're taking inspiration from a number of other projects including rust go and TypeScript in implementing a stand alone editor service. This is a simple NodeJS binary. It's a complex NodeJS binary that exposes a very simple JSON API, and this JSON is expressed in terms that every tickseeds to understands, file name, line numbers column numbers, so your editor can say, hey, my user is on line fifteen of index.HTML third column and they just push my jump to definition button, what do I do? They don't know -- the text editor doesn't know HTML, doesn't know about JavaScript, doesn't know about any of the stuff, just says what do I do? Where is the definition, and the Ed store says, vanilla.JS line 13 exactly the information your text editor needs to pop up a any tab and put your cursor exactly where the definition is. So we've proven this out, we've implemented plug-ins for visual studio code, sublime text and of choirs Ato mAll (Applause) 3 of these plug ins support, as you type linting, auto completion of cus tom element tags and attributes. We are just getting started. We have an alpha release today. It is out now. The Polymer editor service is here. Contains full documentation about the protocol and how to add it. We have 1 step install today. Ipm install polymer-ide for Atom. And in the VsCode actions pop up. To recap , the editor plug ins make it way super easy to edit and main tain your custom elements appli cations. As you type Linting. As you type documentation auto com plementation. And jump to defini tion. With that, I'll hand it back to Justin. Thank you very much. (applause) Justin: Yeah! That was really really awesome. I'm super excit ed for all of you to use the ser vice on the plug ins. W e hav e be en testing it on the team. It is the improvement that makes you not just more productive, but happier. It removes a lot of frustration. I want feedback as soon as I can get it. This is what it does. We are really exci ted about it. Hope you are too. And that concludes our tour of tools. We have a lot of changes coming up we hope make you hap pier users. And with projects like the analyzer and Linter, we hope to serve the entire eco system. It is important to us. Interoperability is a huge strength of web components. And we hope to push it forward. You might be wondering when you can use it. As you caw saw, some of it is available today. The Cli is in beta now. The new Linter and Bundler will be in preview soon through the Cli. And we w ill be working on Npm and Yarn support soon. That does it for u s. Thank you so much for joining us. Have a great day. (applause ) Monica: Thank you so much to the tools team. Which it would be s o much harder without. We have a break now. A code lab. The tools will be You can talk to them. If you are on the live stream, watch some polycasts. See you all at 11.30! (applause) z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z Monica: These entrances are p spoiling. It is going to be tragic if I have to do it again. Next we have Chris and John from Concast. They are a big in ternet provider in America. They have been using Polymer since 0 .3. And on the first night they ate Beef Wellington. They drew the Polymer logo on the ce iling. Give it up for Chris and John. (applause) All right. Good morning, London! Hello. I told the people in the front, goodmorning London! Thank you. I 'm Chris. - I'm John. - We have to share the Beef Wel lington story. When I travel I don't set goals what to eat or see. I leave it upto my wife. Due to some poor planning, she is 8,5 months pregnant. And we are here. It is apparently hard to travel when you are pregnant. She is watching at home. Hi love. We set this goal. We watch Masterchef of Gordon Ramsay. E very year he makes the contest ants make a Beef Wellington. This is a Beef Wellington. It is like a Polymer App. It has the App shell. Inside you put the meat. It is deliciucious. I as ked my wife where to get it. She told Grenadeer Pub. We go to Grenadeer, and we are sitting there, look at the ceiling and like, look at all this American currency. Wait a minute, we are Americans! I have a dollar bill. John is a graphics designer. The bartender gives us a marker. , hands it to John. I'm wearing my Liberty T-shirt. We are from Philadelphia. We put the Liberty Bell on there. That represents the exit from the UK for Aneri ca. We decided to put that on there. We put the Polymer sym bol. And so we got up on a bar stool. Put it to the ceiling. If you go to the pub, on the left handside you can look up. You c an get a Beef Wellington or Bloo dy Mary. They are famous for both of them. - We talk about Comcast. It is the largest cable tv and service provider in the US. We have over 30 million customers and we own NBC Universal. The family of tv-shows, movies and themep arks. My cousin works at Harry Potter park. We use Polymer and we have 500 components that we created. So, we get to work on a variety of different web technologies. This is the My Xfinity website. A lot of the customers start the days to get the news, weather, email. This was built with Ruby on rails. This is the My account website. If they have issues they can troubleshoot. M anage accounts. This is built with Angular. So, we have the X finity home site. We started with 0.3. It has half a million customers. To change locks, or turn off lights, change the ther mostate. We have the X-one plat form. It is premier tv-experienc es. The guide is awesome. And we make this guide available on all platforms. If you use the Web One that is also written in Polymer. It serves over a mil lion customers per day. The f irst question is: Why Polymer? Why did we choose Polymer? The story starts 2,5 years ago when our product team asked us to build the Xfinity Home. It did n't look when we started like this. We had this new project. We got to choose the framework. As a lead, it was my job to start researching what was avail able. There are hundreds of frameworks available. I narrowed it to Angular and React. I have been a web developer for 15 years. I didn't feel comfortable with these frameworks. I'm talk ing to Phil at work. To give you background on Phil. He is the guy who lives on the cutting edge. He reads all the latest news blogs and watches the Chrome developer tools. He is like, Service workers, this is 2 ,5 years ago. As soon as it was available. We should be using it in production. Phil, calm down. We have to wait until the custo mers have this. I'm talking to him. He is like, we should use Polymer. This is my son Theo. I taught him to say: Progressive Web Apps. It is so cute. He says : Progressive Web Apps! And he understands the sounds. He can r epeat it back. He has no idea what it means. That's how I felt when Phil said: We should use Polymer. Unlike my son I could Google it. What is Polymer? And so, I started looking through the documentation on Polymer and checking it out. I got the team together. It was time to make a decision. Of course, we asked the whiteboard what we should do. The pro's, and con's for whether we should use Polymer. One of the big things was that it was backed by Google. I'm overwhelmed, impressed by the Google, Polymer team and how great their engineers are bu ilding stuff. The other thing that is good is future oriented. It is going to be built in the browsers. We get great speed from that. The documentation is amazing. Their technical writers are great and don't get enough applause. We should applause for them. (applause) Thank you, writers. That's the best app lause of the day. And developers like doing something new. Some of the con's at the time was, this wasn't even beta. We were l ooking at 0.3. It wasn't even al pha. This was experimental. I didn't get the memo for that. And at the time, Polymer 05 and below used Shadow Dom. We were trying to click on a button that was in the Shadow Dom. I can't find this button. There is no testing, no tooling, web compon ent tester wasn't out there. There was limited browser sup port. We had to use web sockets. So, we were okay with that. We decided to go ahead with Poly mer. When we first started, I was really nervous. We were buil ding a production ready app for half a million customers. And when I started I was really n ervous. I was just like, I was on the con side too by the way. I was like, we need to abandon ship. As we were developing and we were discovering, getting ov er the hurdles, I really enjoyed Polymer and Web Components. To the point where I'm excited going around talking about Web Components and talk telling all the other developers: You should be using web components, they are great. And where the project is going with Polymer 2.0. Ulti mately we did finish the site. There is another page with devic es. Each is a component. The th ermostate, light. It is great w hen the team comes in. Can we put the light on the overview page? Yes sure. We started with Polymer 0.3. We released with 5. 6. And as we were releasing Poly mer said, we have a 0.8 version. Here is the 1.0. Now you have to upgrade. Great. I'm telling Phil, this should take a couple of weeks. He said: No, it is going to be hard. We spent 3 months upgrading. I'm excited about Polymer 2.0. I'm excited about hybrid mode and a better experience upgrading. - Let's talk about sharing. And there are Lego's on this one. Keep This is a picture of my kids sharing Lego's. As I have learned, sharing doesn't come in stinctively. You don't want to share your toys. There is screa ming and crying involved. And share components with Polymer. You can get through without screaming or crying. To get people excited about Polymer Com cast. Before it was a term in the vocabulary, we were looking at how we can make a consistent user experience. We are building for tv's, tablets, laptops, wat ches now. >> So our UX team put together this presentation on what they call module lar design system. A single component could appear different based on the context. This is the Xfinity Homes arm di sarm, the usual context on the right happened side. On the left you can see how it would behave and appear in a different co ntext. We're to longer designing and developing web sites, we're building components that can expose functionality on any web site. Camera, recorded TV show, pay your bill, really anything. When the X fin FYty home team started talking about Polymer, this got everyone excited, UX, product, business, I heard executives that weren't technical saying the word Polymer at meetings, I said what is going on here? This is really catching on. A year ago the day came when my boss came to me, so, John, the Xfinity Home team has been building with Polymer a lot, sharing components, time to prove this is a possibility. So what I want you to do is take that Xfinity Home individual it and put it on my XFINITY web site in two week s. >> Whoa, Whoa. >> I said, okay, that sounds cool, never used Polymer before, but I'm excited for the opportunity. I said okay, located the documentation, the documentation went well, I went to the Xfinity Home codebase, there's a bunch of components here, I figured out what is the armed disarm widget, how can I take this component and put it on the my XFINITY web site. I talked to the developers, and the immediate response was slow down, buddy, you can't take a component and drop it on another web site. But I'm like, that's what we sold this on, that's how we got the company to use it. As Chris said they started to build with 0.3, they upgrade to 0.5, upgrade to 1.0, they were learning Polymer and the Polymer Team was learning Polymer. They didn't have time to do a sha reable component, they were learning how to ship the web site. That didn't change my teem mow date, I still had two weeks . -- demo date I still had two weeks. We looked at it on the right-hand side to put the widget, so we put it right there . So in two weeks I was at the demo and I successfully armed my security system at my house from the my XFINITY web site this is a defining moment for Polymer at Comcast, it proved we can create shareable, reusable components and use this across the board at the company. This opened at the door for more projects to be used with Polymer . Right now Chris and I have been working on a number of projects over the past year. We knew when we started the started the project we wanted shareable , reusable components, a key aspect of what we wanted to build. We set out to build components to be shared across web sites. We've been doing this for a number of months this year, actively sharing components, we can see what it's like to do this, and we eve come up with a set of best practices for shareable, reusable components. The first one is to use CORS, if you're not familiar is cross-origin resource sharing. This allows you to go ahead if you're on one domain to make an API call with ajax or fetch to get data. This allows you to get around the same origin policy bypassing headers saying, I'd like to make a request here, and if you're on the white list you get the data right there. This is a key piece we had to do for the Xfinity Home disarm widget. That was built for Xfinity Home. When I dropped it on the web site, expected a relative path to the API, which didn't exist, I hard coded to go to the X finty web site T browser said no , not happening, we haded the C ORS header there to pass the AP I to get to another web site. The other thing is to separate the data from the UI. And what I mean by this is a single compon ent should not be in charge of fetching, processing, and render ing data. The UI component should take in the data it expects as attributes and pr operties and render it, any properties should happen outside of it. We tried to create data components strictly dealt with fetching and processing, it had some issues, Chris will touch on that in a little bit. We tried redux in early indication seems to work well. The key thing is to separate your data from the UI there. We also care a lot about testing, so you may be wondering if we we practice test driven development, TDD, we don't enforce that, we do enforce code coverage. We use the Istanbul plug-in for tester, that's pretty much the standard for JavaScript. And one of our Polymer projects has nearly one hundred percent test coverage. In each one of those repeople standings we require one hundred percent test coverage across the board. And if you don't have a hundred percent test coverage and try to submit a pole request it will fail the CI for continuous integration. So we enforce this and this helps make developers feel more confident about using the shared components, they know they've been fully tested. We don't enforce TDD by we do enforce DDD . And you're probably wondering what I'm talking about when I say that, Ben touched on this a bit yesterday, and that is demo driven development. And this is one thing that I love about what the Polymer Team has done. They've created these amazing library of open source components and in addition to great documentation they have these rich demo pages that show you exactly the code you need to use and how it's going to look when you use that code. We do the exact same thing, here is for example again, the Xfinity Home arm disarm widget the two different ways it can appear and the code required to do it.Ory teams have agreed this has help ed them focus better on making shareable reasonable components, when you're constantly looking at the demo page it's clear what your goal are and what you need to be building. This has other advantages as well. For one it forces you to think in Shadow DOM even if you're using Shady DOM. What I mean by that is we had developers get started with Polymer, since we're using Shady DOM by default, they'll have an Element contained within a couple other Elements then they'll set styles in the outer Element that im imimpacts the inner Element. That's technically possible because we're just Polyfilling Shadow DOM. If we turned on Shadow DOM that would break. When you're building different aexperiences on the demo page and looking another it, it forces you to think if it needs to look a different way I'm going go ahead and put it on the demo page. We're using on multiple web site , if we make an itch date to the shared component component, we test that update on every individual web site. If you have every use case on the demo page , it's much easier to go ahead, look at the demo page, if it works there it's going to work well on the web site. If there's a new case you node to add, add it to the demo page and you're geed to go. Remember DDD is the key to creating shareable, reusable components: >> I couldn't let John be the only one with an achieving crow them, so I came up with SPC, second party come boy innocents or it could mean shared Polymer components, it doesn't matter, acronyms are everywhere, this is not important. What I mean is that we have this thing called the universal header, it appear s on top of every one of our sites. It also comes with a universal footer. And the product team wants to be able to have this header and footer be shared across all the sites and easily updatable so they can change a link and all the sites get it instantly. This has been around for probably 7 years now. When it originally started it was a script tag you put on the page which would then load two I frames, an I frame for the header, an I frame for the f ooter. Yes, it was an I frame ( Laughing) it was pretty disgust ing. Then we started using Ruby on Rails a little bit, started doing it server side, so you could get a server side call and get a page and serve it before the user, you know, needed it. And then, you know, we started doing the single page apps, we don't want a server anymore. We came up with a new way of doing that, what we're doing is we said why don't we make this thing a web component? We're like, yeah, web component sounds good. So what we did is we got the Polarais team to create the universal header as a web component. What you can do is you can actual actually import a web component from another domain. From another team, so we have another team building this navigation for us and we import it intoory project and now we h ave an XC header and XC footer tag that we can use like normal DOM Elements. We got rid of the I frame, doing an I frame is really hard to do a responsive site to change the size of the I frame good luck trying that. N ow with this we can talk to the header, we can pass it information, we can change the styling, we can change the Z index a lot easier if we have pop-ups, all around much better. Also, when we first started with Polymer, we really drank the cool aid and thought everything should be a component . We were so excited, we got to make it all a component! And so what happens is, with a typical Polymer site, for instance Xfinity Home, the code looks like this, where you load the Polyfill, you load Polymer, you load your vulcanized assets, by the way Vulcan nightion wasn't out when we started. Came later . Yes, it's Chris mass out here when it came out. But you then put in one poll component on the page which is your CH App. Inside of xh-app is all these additional component, you have authentication, API calls that are happening, you have log in page, your overview page. And the problem with this is that per or Nans matters. We node to get -- performance matter, we need to get something in front of the user as quick as possible . With the X finty homesite we have to make an API kale, which goes all the way into the user's home, makes calls for all of their device in the home and then returns the status beaucoup . That can take over two seconds . We have to remember that the color lore PRPL also matters, so you can cross it off your bin go card. So really the critical path for us is getting the API calls happening as quickly as possible. If you look at the developer tools, when you have xh-app loading the browser has to get the definition for that, stamp it into the DOM, then it's like look at all these other modules, I have to get their definitions the, stamp them into the DOM, do all this other work, now I'll start making the API calls. So we were making API calls almost a second in to the site loading for the user. T his was a big problem. So, as web developers, again, I've been developing for the web for five teen years now, we have to get back to our roots. And we need to remember that Web Components are just another tool in our toolbox. And really like, this doesn't do us justice anymore, we have so many tools we need a big red truck to carry around all our tools. Another B ingo card, use the platform. This is the Polymer motto, right ? Like the platform hasn't changed. The browser is still the same browser that we've been using for fifteen years, yes, it's gotten better, faster progressively enhanced, but still relatively the same. And so we node to remember when we want something to happen sooner in the browser, all we have to do is put that piece at the top. And so what we did is we pilled out our authentication checking and our API calls and we stopped making them Polymer components. We just kept them as pure JavaScript. And we're checking whether the user is athenty Kateed before we load up the App. And we (Authenticated before we load up the App. And then while the calls are being made, we load the Polyfills, we load the App, and we get started. So the user gets a much better experience. And we've also checked out this App Shell Architecture: It's always great we build all these apps and the Polymer T:EAM is here's the recommendation after we build the apps. For those this don't know, this is about splitting out your assets and giving a small package to the browser. A lot faster to process things that are small. But it takes advantage of this notion of unresolved Elements. What that means is when the browser sees a web component, anything with a hyphen in it, it goes greet, you're a web component, wait a minute, I don't have your definition yet. I'm just going to keep track of you, you're in Limbo, as soon as you get your definition I promise to come back and upgrade you. We can take advantage of this just like the App Shell Architecture is doing. So here for instance is how we normally create a definition for xh-app. And by using IMD, yet another acronym, import module definition. This is based on the AMD specification, it allows you to find modules. This was written by the Polymer Team to do de finition with HTML um ports. We're defining xh-app as a module module we're able to push it down to the browser but not load the definition yet. And by doing that, we can then have additional JavaScript, like this loader mog you, which can do checking of, hey, is the user authenticated. If they're not authenticated I'm not going to spend the five hundred milliseconds to substantiate whichH App, I'll just second them to the log in page. That's much faster than all this JavaScript processing. So, performance. >> So been talking a lot about how to build these Polymer components well and effectively. Let's talk about building the team of engineers that are going to build the P olymer components and apps for you. The people we've built on to work on the Polymer projects allot Comcast externally or internal, about 20 percent had experience with Polymer before working on the application. That hasn't been an issue. I feel that's due again to Polymer's missioning which is toous the platform. So if you have edge mothers that have a solid understanding of him hymn, CSS and JavaScript, -- I understanding of him him, CSS and JavaScript that's all you need. The documentation for Polymer is great. Take a look at the Elements they created, the demo pages you can get a quick understanding of how Polymer works. Chris and I also have run hands on training sessions, m ultiple times, and what we do is give a bunch of exercises, we'll factor in, bring in some of the videos prediction system the Polymer Summit. I'm excited to see the library has doubled inside, and use Polycast to bri ng in those videos adds well. That gives the team a nice quick introduction how to use Polymer . From leading the training sessions and reviewing developer s code, we realize the hardest thing for developers to wrap their head around initially is the core parts of Web Components , that's encapsulation, composition and separation of concerns. Polymer was designed with these principles in mind, and you should be building your come boy innocents with these principles as well. On voice redials when it's not being respected looks like this. You see this from a number of developers when they first get started. They may come from large scale applications and us ed to put in a lot of code. They put a component and put a ton of code in the file, this has over two towlines of code. >> This is real code too. >> We saw this, oh, no, what have we done, Polymer was to make thingless smaller and easier and we have developers writing code that looks like this. We needed to refocus the mind set of our developers. In our code reviews we're driving home a component should do one thing, and one thing well. If it starts to get too large, break it up into smaller components. Again, focus on those demo pages , no one's going to want to maintain this massive page with all the perm yenations of a component. Once a team can internal aids those they become a will oiled machine and you become a Polymer champion for your organization. >> So just to wrap it up, we really love Polymer. Polymer has been spreading like wild fire at Comcast because it's really simple to use. It's much easier to learn than some of the other Frameworks out there. The ability to reuse components too, taking the Xfinity Home arm disarm module and dropping on another -- Italys products mind, once Web Components are native and running on the metal of any browser, it's so much faster than any Framework can do. So, again, that's why we really love Polymer, I'm Chris and I'm John , we're from Comcast. (Applauds) Monica: Yeah! It is so exciting when you see real companies use what you make. And real people look at them. Thanks for the talk. Next we have the Vadim team. They open source a lot of elements that they build with Polymer which I find exciting. Less ele ments my team has to write. Fun facks facts about them. Marcus is one of my people, we hate cor riander. 10% it tastes like soap. We want to start a movem ent. Because it is discusting. Jouni is impres sively Finnish. He does Finnish folk dancing and icehockey. As a Canadian I'm proud other people are doing icehockey. Please wel come the Vadim team. (applause) Hey everyone. - Hi. - So, hi, my name is Marcus Hell berg. I work as a developer. I have been doing front end to en terprise systems. - My name is Jouni. I'm a pro duct designer and I have been working on the web over 10 years now. Also at Vadim for 10 years. Today we are here to tell you why we think, like Comcast showed us, why Web Components and the platform makes so much sense in engine context. To give you context. Our com tany, Vaadin has a 16 years his tory of helping companies build web applications with the frame work. That comes with a big li brary of components. We have been building web components for 16 years. So, you can imagine we are excited when Web compone nts standards came out. What it allowed us to do is take what we have learned over the past 15 years and translate it into a new set of components we can run on the browser. We can have an audience of people who can use it aw and all the frameworks u sers, get access to a wider li brary of components. In the talk today, we want to make the case for why we believe the web plat form with all the new features, coming out, makes sense for busi ness applications. We also want to highlight the things that we at Vaadin do to help this make reality. How we build internally components. Compatibility with other web components. And how we make it customizable, so they c an fit into your company's look and feel. We want to focus on business applications. I, know a lot of the material on web comp onents tend to focus on web site s and web shops. We want to make sure people who develop busi ness applications understand it. It makes a lot of sense. What I mean by business application. The types of applications that help run a business. In a criti cal part. They are more often in ternal applications. Even if you start building one today with the latest and greatest technol ogies. In 5 years it will still be in production. And I think, business apps get a bad rep. These are the applications that a lot of the users spend their entire working day working on. So, it is really important to be able to deliver a good user e xperience to these people. And that's where we at Vaadin made our motto to fight for simplicit y. We want to make it as simple as possible for developers to build great en end user experien ces. To give the developers the tools and components they need to build these great experienc es. So, if you are checking the bingo card. You can do it now. Let's take a look at the reasons why we think that businesses should use the platform. First off. When we talk about business applcations, the internal ones, they are built with a tight bud get. They don't bring in revenu to the company. We can save time and effort by focusing all of the work on building 1 great a pplication, instead of spreading effort in building 2-3 on diffe rent platforms. That means there is less for us to build and maintain. It means that we don't need separate teams in the com pany that have the skills needed to build the s different apps. It takes care of the distribu tion problem. We don't need to go around updating people's computers and devices. They can use the latest version. And the ability to stay updated is stron g for the web platform. If we t hink about the business appli cations that have a long lifes pan, it means somewhere down the road you have a need to update it, address things that you couldn't think of in the be ginning. At the same time the ap plication is in a critical posi tion in the business. You can't toss it in the garbage. We have the possibility, like mentioned yesterday, to incrementally upg rade in place. We could take the application, add a service work er to it in poor network conditi ons. We can find the problem are as in the application and re place it with web components. Start bringing the component base thinking without needing to rearchitect the surrounding ap plication. Later on if we do a rewrite of the application, we can bring the components t along with us. This reusability web components allows us to do, not only across projects with the sa me framework, but across proje cts that use different platforms or frameworks, is really some thing I think is unique to the web. In a business context where you have apps that were written years apart with different technologies it is a big thing. To get user experience to the d ifferent applications. We are not there yet. We need to get that level of reusability. One is, how we make web components work great together with the frameworks. And how we make web components so easily, to drop them in and make them look for that project. Before that, I want to bring Jouni here. - Yes, what do we mean by when we say business great components or enterprise com great compo nents. For people in suits or gold plated buttons? Well, of c ourse not. For elements of V aadin it is components when you build the complex business appli cations. These components might be more complex feature rich ones or more s simple use case components. Now, all of the ele ments are open source on Github. We test them with the latest Polymer perves versions and pro vide support for functionality and compatibility. We build the elements as seamless extention to the Polymer catalog. Combi ning the elements sets you have most of the components when buil ding a complex application. Like the one you see now. We see the datagrid and upload elements, together with paper elements there. But, apart from the vi sual feature that the e end u sers see. What else is required from a high quality component? To put it briefly, it is a lot of work. So first off you need to consider both end users and developers alike. Starting from end users, there are multiple as pects you need to take into consideration. First usability. Can the ice other accomplish a certain use case with your component and hopefully with ease (User) this Accessibility, can the user perform that use case regardless of their own abilities? Performance. Does your component load, initialize and respond to user interact quickly? Responsive design, again, can the user accomplish those use cases regardless of their device , screen size or input methods? And last, robust or complex interaction design. Does your component handle the user input and interactions as intended in all of its different States? This is especially true for more complex business-oriented components with a large number of different features that need to work nicely in concert no matter what the combination of those features might be. Like Ta ylor also mentioned in yesterday 's keynote, doing all of this work on the web is very hard, so it requires a lot of specific technical knowledge and attentio n to detail to get things right. And I also want to thank the po ly miles an hour team for providing us tools that make this a lot easier (Polymer Team for making this easier) there's developers that you node to treat with equal respect for a c omponent to be consideredded high quality. And again, for developers, there's usability, again from this time the point of view from the API. Is the API of your component intuitive and flexible. Can the developer make the component do what they need to make it do in their App? There's compatibility. Does your component -- is it usable together with various text Sacs or layout environments where the developer might want to use it? And last, but not least, like Comcast mentioned many times, great documentation is really necessary in order for developer s to learn how to use your components efficiently. Now this seems quite a lot, already, even though it's not an exhaust ive list of what you need to consider. So how do we actually succeed in building these high q uality components? How do we maintain the complexity? I'll give you a brief look at how we do this at Vaadin internally, yeah, we basically do the regular agile process with this, so regular design development and testing cycles, even though it's not a formal process that we follow there, it is on a high level how we do things and it a pplies to like the whole components as well as the individual features of those components as we work on them piece by piece. So we start w ith design. And that begins by identifying the use cases that we try to cover with the component or with the feature. And those use cases usually come from existing projects, customers or users directly. And as examples when building a data query you might have use cases like select the date here today or select your birthday. And for us it's not very difficult to come up with these use cases as we're rebuilding some well established UI patterns, but it still a good id ea to check that those patterns are still valid today and accommodate any new requirements such as small view port sizes or touch input. And it's also a clear place to apply our motto and fight for simplicity. Now, researching existing solutions and reusing the parts that still hold up is a natural next step. But we're still not afraid to pursue and experiment with alternative or unconventional designs like withory date picker here. So we could -- with our date picker here. We could of gone with a more traditional design, but we wanted to see an alternative design with an infinite scroll calendar list would perform better. Once you have some designs, you usually want to validate your assumption s, somehow. So you might not be sure of your alternatives, which one is the best or you might have some technical uncertainti es that you want to validate or clear out somehow. And for that, you build something you test. So prototyping is the next step. And the type of prototype you build or use depends on the level of complexity of the use case, how confident you are in the design or what type of fe edback you're looking for to get with the pro people standing type. So, for example, if (Pro people standing type) if you want to know if a design is technically feasible, you want to call that in the browser to get a real concrete feel of that , or if you just unsure if something is visually prominent enough for end users, you might go with a static or animated mock up instead. Now, again, as examples for our date picker, one early prototype we did was this iOS or a version that make the iOS calendar App with zoom like interaction. We wanted to see if that's feasible to do in a browser. So we ended up coding that and seeing that work in different devices. Another one, later on was that we wanted to get a more tangible feel of the dual scrolling list that we had as an alternative design. So before investing time in prototyping that code, we did a clickble clickble prototype and did some early user feedback and testing to get more confidence before actually doing something in code. And, yes, like I mentioned, testing that's the primary purpose for your pro people standing your prototypes, and it works greet for end user testing. For developer and API testing, we usually do something different, so we have an API design available. We have some use case that we try to cover with that API. And then we draft some code examples based on those, so we use the API already, even though it's not implemented yet. We show that code example to different developers and get feedback on that early on. And before we ship a larger set of stable features like 1.0, we do these more formal usability test s both for end users and develop ers. We bring in more users and give them tasks that we want them to accomplish with our component, we observe and take notes during the session and so forth. And, of course, we do the more traditional compatibility testing on top of this, to make sure our components work with as many Framework, browser and platform combinations as possible. And, based on the learnings sometimes we end up changing the designs, so with this iOS-like zooming design we noticed that the performance wasn't that great on some device s, so we ended up designing something else. And with our -- we learned also with the image base clickble prototype users didn't have any more trouble selecting dates using the i nfinite scrolling list. Many actually preferred it, so we went ahead with that design. We also noticed that we can actually combine the separate calendar and year and month scrolling list into a single view with this dual scrolling interaction that you see here, and that's what we ended up shipping. And -- yeah, that's actually one of the last important steps in the cycle. Once you have confidence many your design and your imple mentations you actually want to ship some features and other fixes after you have the confidence. And that's one really important aspect of business-grade components, that they have a road map how those are going to be, how the components are going to evolve and how they're going to be maintained. So we use Semantic versioning for our components, and what's the same for all of those versions, basically, is that we're constantly looking for feedback. Please try out the versions early and provide feedback as much as possible, because that plays a big part on our maintenance and support efforts. So we try to respond to pull requests and issues as quickly as possible. We also have an active chat platform where you can ask questions from the team directly. So, don't hesitate in contacting us. And in addition to these we also off er commercial support in case you need that. Now speaking of support, one question that we g et a lot is how about Angular 2 so I'll let Marcus tell you more about that. >> So, as you probably know, Web Components are used with WebEx tenders they work great with a lot of The Framework and tools out there. Namely those that work directly with the DOM, directly with the web standards. Now there are some other Frameworks that abstract a little bit awhy from the DOM and bring -- bit a way there be the DOM and do things like data binding, in some Frameworks like in Angular 2, Web Components don't work as great as we would hope them to. So in order to help fix this issue, we have cre ated universal Angular 2-polymer adapter. This handles things like custom CSS and Shady DOM operations that ties in with the data binding system and makes shire the components work in forms and with the validation that Angular 2 has. You can install this on NPM. And once you've installed it, you just import it in your module as Polymer Element. With the poly per Element imported, you will declare it for every Polymer component that you want to use use. In this case we're using both the Van combo box and paper input. No special support need ed to build in the Polymer component itself, the wrapper will take care of all of that. So with those declarations in place, we're able to use these Polymer components just the same way as we would any Angular two component. So here we can see we bound the value of the combo box to the input and we're able 20 do two-way data binding between them. Next up we're going to talk about something I think is really exciting, something we've been working on for a while. Something I know a lot of people in the community have been asking us about. What if we can't do Material Design. What if we want to have Web Components that look like our company, so Jouni? >> Yeah, so how do you customize the look and feel like Mrcus said earlier, it's one of the aspects of reusability and compatibility that you want to affect how things like from proj ect to project. And one thing we get asked a lot is that, yeah, Web Components look like a cool technology, our company design guidelines don't really allow Material Design, so how can we change the look and feel? And we're running a survey current ly, I pulled some direct quotes from there and highlight tissue. So there's one person saying that well, "it doesn't provide " lookless" Elements, you're pretty much tuck with Material Design". Another one saying better decoupling of look and feel from code, paper essentially buys you into Material Design. So it 's a real issue for web component users or Polymer users . So while Paper Elements are asome features, it's great, gist changing fonts and colors is not always enough, and you might get this face when you're trying to do something. But you might also be thinking that aren't there multiple existing C SS Frameworks for web applications out there, like bootstrap, foundation, what have you. Why can't we use those? Well, one big thing is those existing Frameworks rely on sp ecific DOM structure and specifics CSS classes to apply those styles, adds you know, that doesn't really play well with Shadow DOM, because you have to have complete control of the internals of your co mponents in your whole lab. That kind of defeats the purpose of the reusable components, right. So you should be using custom properties and mixes instead. Another thing that existing Frameworks commonly do is that they require a build step when you want to customize something in the theme. So while that might be an okay thing to do on a high level when you're theming or customizing your complete App or multiple components at the same time, might be fine. But for individual components like, they should not rely on any build step to provide their theming capabilities, that also again doesn't make them really portable or row usable in multiple places. Or reusable in multiple places. So we want to get rid of this build step as well. We kind of already can, standard CSS already has most things that we need for theming. So a quick checklist of things that pre-processes offer, so variables, check, we have custom properties now, shipping in multiple browsers natively, mixins, that's in the spec coming up, I don't think it's natively shipping, the shady Polyfill or shim does that for us. Basic math is something -- sometimes need when doing customizable themes. Well, that's really well supported alr eady with the Calc function in CSS so we have that covered. These three things are just the bear essentials basically that we need. And it could also be almost all that we need. Now there might be some limitations with the shady CSS shim, but once native support gets better, we actually get more benefits like native inheritance and cascade of CSS. And one extra thing that I'm really looking for in the future is color computation, which is already in the CSS specs, but also not shipping anywhere yet. And we don't have a good shim for that either. But once that comes out, it finally closes the gap between CSS preprocessors and standard CSS, so we get color lore computation in the browser. And -- color computation in the browser. And all of this run ti me for more possibilities for theming, so you can adjust the theme run time. Now, the future for theming looks bright, I w ould say, and we've been researc hing and prototyping for a while with our component, and we want to bring you or offer you the possibility to really get a nice starting point quickly which you can then start customizing further to get the App -- or get the look for your App that you really need. So these are just mock ups at this point. And early prototype code, but it could give you a feel for what we're after here. So similar to Paper Elements you should be able to customize the high level theme using custom prompts, like the main color lores in your theme, the overall sizing and spacing of your components and fonts and that kind of stuff . Now, in addition to these, you should be able to quite easily adjust other visual aspects as well, like rounded corners, border styles, gradients, Shadows and stuff like that. And this level of customization is a key feature for Web Components to make sense in a business concept when you can have these reusable components from project to project and still make them look consistent within an App. And looking from an implement ation point of view, each component should expose similar ly named mixins for different parts in internals like sib-parts and for different States of those sub-parts. And, at that point, the component should basically look like look less as one person said in the survey. So they shouldn't provid e that much theming capabilities per se, if you compare to a native input. They should be quite minimum styling there. And then we can start building on top of that like a theming layer, and define our, for instance here, like the global stance for our input Element Elements wherefore they may be. We want our inputs to look like this. And then we can apply those styles at the same time to any of our components that actual hi use input Element other text input somewhere. And, the idea is that then we have these multiple styling points, d ifferent type of themes for you to begin with and might offer different kind of features themselves. And then you can take one of those as a starting point and then start fine tuning and customizing and tweaking from there on using the mixins and custom properties that theme offers to really adjust that border on that one button right there. So, we have all of the Elements that you've seen in this presentation available already. So go check out the web site for many information on those. And we're really excited to get you this theming stuff, hopefully, already this year, some early stuff, so stay tuned for that, and briefly back to Ma r Californiacus still. >> Thank you. So I hope you see that we're very excited about all these new advances on the Web Platform, and we really look forward to seeing how we can use them to really make our developers live's easier. Make it easier for them to provide great end user experiences. So we have most of the Vaadin Elements team here today, and we'd really love to talk to you. If you see anyone with a reindeer shirt on, come and say hi, we would love to talk. A final thing I want to mention is that we're running a survey currently on trying to figure out how people are using Web Components and progressive Webapp technologies in the real world. If you have ten minutes to spare on your way home today and really want to help us affect the future of these technologies, please go to the link and fill in the survey. Thank you. Thank Monica: Thanks so much. Awesome. I was feeling really late walk ing on the stage. Our next speaker is Robin. It is going to be really good. The only thing standing in the way of me and lunch. He speaks as quickly as me. He will finish early. Food for everyone! Give it up for ev eryone. Robin: Hi everyone. Thanks for the in troduction, Monica. Everyone knows, I blitch through this in 15 minutes. 91 slides. They said, cool it down. I'm Robin Glen. You can find me on Twitter . I'm going to talk about compo nents to applications. With being where we are. If I say, I 'm from the big L.. You know w hat I mean? That's Llandeilo. Bit I work here in London, or, the little L as we call it there. I work for a company Yoox Net a porter group. We are o nline retailer. Multiple websi tes on e-commerce. This time l ast year I was, is that where you were, in Polymer summit. Not here, but in Amsterdam. We were showing off our first Polymer release, the product detail page. I wanted to show you to link you to talk. There is a pre vious talk, me and a developer, did about production. If you are interested, you can read about it. I want to talk about why Web Components, but take a diffe rence stance. Not as a develope r. But talk at it from designer perspective. So, previously, our design team would submit this for a sign off. Design a page. Pass it to the company for sign off. They found the comments could be subjective. We like this here, maybe we change this H1. What you get is bottlenecks and designing inconsistencies. Move towards a design pattern, A tomic design. We build in small atoms, that become a molecule an d become an organism. They want ed this pattern, to eliminate the bottlenecks and get consis tency. They wanted something like this instead. Collection of components. And when they wa nted to build something, they'd structure a few of these toge ther. So this led us to come with this new concept. Atomic components. With a new design pattern for the backend. I want to go over the principles of ato mic components. First is standar dising the rhetoric. What I mean is the front-end team, the UX, the design, all the way to the A PI teams talking about the same thing in the same way. It helps us to get better understanding of eachother's problems, promote collaboration oi instead of thinking in technology problems, we think customer focus prob lems. Next is granular thinking. Breaking down. A talk that Ap ple says, using the simple stick. Breaking down to smallest pieces. Using those principles. I'm going to talk you to a com ponent. We use these principles to build it up together. The first part is the nucleus. As a designer and developer you are u sed to this point. Where you bre ak things down what is on the page. The product image. I have a badge, which identifies the product. Product description. And price. Those are just the primitives of this component that we need to build it. Next thing is more stuff. Let's look at states. This component will have some states. First is the skeleton state. The pre-loaded state before the product date has come back. This is how it will look. And then you have a loaded state. The next state on top. So next thing is interac tions. Now we started to build interactions in the component. The most basic one is the link. Generates a URL for where the product will take you. Next is some kind of interaction of hover or tab tap. To show 2 ima ges. We are going to build on again and add behaviors and rules. We have behavior for if the image has been broken. We don't want t he standard broken image. We style it up a bit. We use respon sive images using image source set. And we use schema tags. I' ll go into it in more detail. Add another one. Testing is im portant for the component to be tested. We can abstract some of the complexity away. We do diff erent tests. Unit tests. To make sure the product is working how we expect it to. So does the product behave when we run it on Source labs for multiple brow ser operations. We also do SEO tests. Sorry. Can I have a glass of water? SEO tests are to make sure that the product looks exa ctly how we think it does. For rich media snippets. Finally, visual testing. What we do is with the level of tollerance we test across different browsers, to make sure the product looks the same on different browsers. Sorry about this. Okay, that's how testing is done. Next is doc umentation. It is important for the consumers and other clients to adopt this component. So, it is self documenting, using the Polymer standards. It also got a demo. How to use this component ? Versioning. Different consumer s can change the component, but subscribe the changes when they want. Sorry, next is monitoring. Does this component need some way it is registering in the wild? And then all of those to gether make an atom. You can see the union onion skin effect. You abstract complexity away. So, using these principles, let's build something. I am now here near brave enough to do it in front of you. Here is one I built earlier. This is available in Open. If you want to check this out and apply the work I ha ve done, feel free. The repo is there. My Github is the RG. We are going to beeld build a component. We removed a few points. It will be code h eavy. This is how you use the co mponent. An aptribute. That's the data content it needs. Every thing it needs is inside there. I don't expect you to understand it all. This is how you do it with the backend team. There is a lot of product.Image. Attribu tes that are passed through from the attribute we have seen. I want to focus on one specifical ly, which is price. You can see we have a path price through. It is a property. It is a computed property. It is going to get g enerated before the component gets rendered. You can see a met hod there. You can pass it. Have a look how it works. So, hear's a simple method, it's private, it's documented at the top, this is how you, if you want to Mike Zelley of-document code, write like this, you get it all for free. What does it do, it's basically returning the price, using a local string de pending on the country whether you put the comma or full stop. That's all that method is doing. Let's look at how we might test this. We do two different types of testing, the first we'll call a unit test. So we ice web component tester, as you probably heard people talk about today, and we also use fix youred to stamp that in the DOM to make sure it's clean every time we run a test. What we're testing here is we're calling the private method, stubbing some data in there and making sure it works as expected . This the a unit test. The next type of test is a component test this is to see does it work inside the component. Is the component doing what it's expect ed to look like. You can see we're doing a simple assertion using fixture, checking the text content inside the selector making sure it's the right value . We're using the element, dollar, dollar notation, the reason we do that, if you just do a query selector directly, when you use the test in the Shadow DOM, it can't pass the boppedry and it fails,. The next is are structured data. So, structured data is a way of identifying what a product is, what it looks like so Google can come along and see what it is. There's a link to a product Sc hema, how you mark up a product. And basically the two minimum things you need to do is say, hey, this is a product, and this is the name. And then you can pass this to Google structure data testing tool and validate it for you like it's done here, ask that correct. So what we need to do first is put on the host attribute that it's a product, this is all it's doing the host another tribute inside your Polymer con instructor will allow you to do this. The next is we're going to mark the name as the name with this item prop, we're saying that property name is the name of the product. So, we want to be able to do this at CI level, we want to run these test automation, we don't want to copy and paste into Google structure data tool. We created this so that it can do it for you. It's on the github, you can do it. I I'll explain quickly how it works. So this bit of code, when you're setting up your test, you grab the entire outer HTML and pass it into this method that's b asically going to proxy call off to API, return back to Jason to get assertions on, get all of your HTML and pass straight into this module. Then you can run some assertions, these aSerbs are saying are there any errors? Is it a product? Is the product name correct? Now we have automation testing of rich snippets, which is awesome. So, we build a little component. We want to get to applications now. So this is a simple listing application, again, built, it's on github, it 's available to check out, it has full automation tests and you can play around with it. It 's pretty ugly, sorry, I just wanted to show you some simple features you can do. So this is the template, you can see it has n't few sub components so we're using iron-ajax as a wrap around of HR request, product header, that's just the name of the list , we have pagination which is the controls, and we've got a list of products, you can see how we've broken apart the sub components and each scab components has their own level of test, so you can test in isolation, so you don't have to test everything together, just how you expect it to work. So we have auto in iron-ajax. What this will do is automatically make the XHR request for you, if you make a change to the API kale, it will again make the change to the call. You have URL , again, this will be important when I build up this structure. Again, a computed style, and we're going to pass in product per page and page number, the page number here is the key part that we're interested in. So just picture this, I'll build it all back up, just so you know, page number here is going to pagination, and it's got two curly brackets, it has two-way data binding, important when we build up this application. So let's look at some of the components, the header one, all it's doing is generating the title, won't go into that. The one below is pagination, I tried to highlight for you there. Let 's look at that component. What's it got, it's got some buttons, previous, next, description, to tell you what page you're on, and then on the buttons we have sole on click events, let's look into those. So, we're going to call pagination next. So when we click it, we're going to set page number and we're going to increment it by one, when we click that, update the bank number by one, and that's it. So what does that do? Page number has this notify property on. I know there was a data flow talk yesterday, so people might be aware of this now. This notify is going to say, hey, I've changed, alert my parent that something's happened. So now let 's look at the list. The list here is a c ollection of products, but it's in a DOM repeat. So what we're going to do is get afternoon array of products back and we're go going to iterate through each one and pass through our product component. We have that big stringfied JSON earlier, we're going to pass this reference directly into there. And this is called the mediator pattern. I'm going to try and talk it through, hard to understand, so I'll try and build it back up. Pagination, you hit next. It increments that page number. That's alerting the application above. The application is wrapping around the two sub components, pagination tells the application, the page number has changed. The page number computed URL, then, automatically updates the API core, and iron-ajax on auto goes and makes the call, so it's gone and made the call, got some more data. Passed it down to the application, and the applic ation passed down to the children. So you can see the list would update. Okay. So now we need some more real world stuff. We've added some pagination, but our customers want to know orory clients want to know, is anyone using babbling nation, let's add track ing, we can do that with behavi ors. So what we're going to do is fire this vent is pagination and pass the page number. Then in our pagination component we're going to inherit this behavior, inherit this behavior called tracking behavior. Let me show you, it's another HTML import and you def ine it like this, okay, let's create a new behavior, add this property. Inside we'll have a listener. And the listener is going to listen for panel nation , when it gets it, it's going to fire a track event page in addition. And here this is just a simple example of how you could use request call back to do some beacon pagination. Paul Louis has a great article on this, it's linked in the github. Call back now to track that Analytics. So using these, principles, that's all we had, these kind of patterns is how we created our new listening appli cation, which is here. So this is currently been rolled out to a couple of -- a few high end customers who try out a specific products for us first. But if anyone wants to see it, K and ta lk to me after this, and I can show you it working. I want to talk about some specific parts of this, we can -- and look at how some of them work and what we build on top of it. So this is, this is a sample of the application, and I know there's a lot of stuff, so don't worry about reading what's there. It's multiple components all broken down on top of this one. So we have stuff for errors, we have stuff for certain customers and personalization. We have things for loading states, we have a Reuter, header, all of these sub components build up this application, and each one is tested in isolation so you don't have to worry about the complexity, it's all abstracted away from you. So I want to talk about some of the more exciting bits this this application that I think are quite exciting. So the first thing is performance. So we tried to adhere to the rail guidelines, I'm going to leave it run, it's hard to talk when it's happening and show you then I'll explain the theory. It's a short GIF. So this is Skeleton CSS, this is the load ing approach that we took. So when there's no product data, we want to show something, so we get something on the screen as quick as we can, we don't know what it's going to be, we just scaup fold out the page. In test ing we put this versus a spinner with artificial latency and showed with the customers, people thought the one with the spinner they throughout it was slower even though it's the same latency. So just get something on the screen as quick as we can . So the next one is pagination, I'll leave you watch and then try to explain what happens. Okay, so what we do is when we're going toward we node to get product data and load images. And we put a spinner only when it takes more than 400 milliseconds based on RAIL guidelines, spinner is only there and it cares about the images that are in the user's view port. They don't care if the bottom image hasn't loaded, they only care what they're looking at. The spinner is based on the promise of the image loa d in their view portment when they go back it's instantaneous ly moving back, we don't show the spinner or any transition, just keep it going this is to adhere to the guide lines of RAIL. Next I want to talk about telemetry or sit working -- if so, how well is it working -- is it working, if so, how well is it working? If you ever look into the web component Polyfill you see it fires an event web component ready when it's boot strapped itself. You can latch on to that, we do something clever with it where we add an event listener for web component ready, when web component ready happens, we run this try catch. We look for the component on the listening page we look for the.is method, and the dot is method if the structure is upgraded and it's available, however if it's not available it fails and throws this error. Has that component been upgraded to a Polymer component. If it hasn't let's catch the error and we get data back. Is Polymer defined? Has the HTML import for that component been success fully imported? This allows us to understand what's happening in the wild. Is it working? If it's not working how do we debug it? When you loose a lot of stuff to clients you node to compensate for that somehow, this is one of the ways we do it . Also we do some availability API availability and performance checks, this is like, okay, did the API fail when we try to get products, you can see like there's some error rites there. If it did fail, what's the status code, what is the reason that API failed, and then we have some API latency. How long did it take to make the API call and come back. These are great as developers, we can debug, look, and delve deeper into what's going on in the application. They're not great for business customers our product owners, how well is this performing for our customer s, so we also have some other metric. This is customer perf ormance metrics, more tailored about how it's working for our customers. So the first one is time to remove Skeleton. So when you saw the Skeleton state and when the products come in, that's how loaning it's taken. But not since you landed on the page, since the first network request came to the site, render ed, painted and then remove that Skeleton, how long has that taken. We can tell our product inners, okay, we can say it's within like under 3 seconds, 3 seconds-ish that they will see products from first landing on that page. And then there's time to load paginated products. This is when you go, right, I've cliqued next, waiting for the spinner and that's removed. We can have metrics on that as to how long it takes them. So, the summary. I went a little bit fast, I'm sorry, I hope that made sense, there was aInvest lot in time into reusable acces sible and tested granular compo nents. Promote code reuse. The developers will find the code and not reinvent the wheel. It helps for design and consistency . The site behaves each time the same. Abstract complexity. Because you have put all of the testing and effort in the small components, the applications don't need to have as much cover age. Plug and play components straight your applications. You can spend more time on the custo mer experience and do the fun stuff. You don't want to rein vent the wheel. No one wants to write fetch multiple times. You can use the component. I thought of a nice way to summarize, because we are in London. If you look after the pennies the pounds will look after themse lves. Thanks for listening. (applause) monica: That was a perfectly reasonable speaking speech. It is time for lunch! Yeah! Food! Be back here at 2. The speakers will be in the Polymer lounge. We give them a chance to eat. I still have stickers. See you at 2! Monica: I did it! I timed it ri ght. Welcome back from Lunch lunch. How was lunch? You are awake? My goodness. W elcome back. Next we have Jesiah and Josh. And Josh coasts coffee. They give you the news. Put your ha nds together . - All right. First thing you'll notice. Why did they send the op psiteposite height people over here. It is for the cameramen. We are going to stand next to eachother. I don't call it short but vertically challenged. There are a lot of benefits. I can fit in the trouser press at the hotel. Americans don't know what a prou trouser press is. It is wonderful. I hate ironing. I'm Jesiah McCan n. Manage the core web develop ment team at USA Today network. - I'm a principle developer on the core web team. - We are happy to be in London. We want to tell you a story. Being in the news, we are about story telling. We are going to tell you all our Polymer story. It is going to be exciting. B efore we start, I wanted to give another round of applause for the speakers so far. It has been amazing and great. Everyone just... (applause) Absolutely amazing. It is one of the most practical conferences. We have learned so much. We will take things back to the Sta tes and hope you will too. If you can't tell we are Americans, that's gives it away. USA TODAY is the flagship of Gannett. There was a quick last slide on it. Use the plat form! Great. Yes, yes. (appl ause) We definitely use that platform. You will see. National coverage , we also have over 100 local newspaper brands. sharing the same wame framework. Engage the country. To national and to lo cal. Which is interesting. We s cale, is a big thing. We have 11 0 million users engaging in the digital platform every month. We have over 500 digital products at Gannett. Our products reach 43% of the internet population. It is amazing. It is also really hard, because scale and stuff. 1.1 billion page views on arti cles, newsarticles per month. Just a little graph showing you, we are also in the UK as well. Of News Press. We own a lot of busine sses across the world. Josh will talk about the current platform and on components. - Currently, we have our own CMS system. We have an API layer. And all of that consume that. Na tive and watches and tv's. And also the web products. So, we do adaptive delivery between 2 code bases. Web and desktop code base. We have a light one for mo bile and big for desktop. We have some modularity built in. It is limited to per experience. Articles have a module system. The front pages have a modular system. And the modular system i s different between mobile and desktop. It is what we want to move to, better modules. Both of the web front ends are built on Python, Django. It was modern b ack in 2012. But... - The very first time. - This is 2016. And this is a very tightly coupled client-se rver SPA. It is not a great expe rience anymore. A sample of the mobile experience. Beginning of this year we started moving to how we can make this better for development and better for the u sers. So, it is looking at impl ementing a new framework. And started planning in spring. Star ted rebuilding a little bit in May and June. The big reasons we wanted to rebuild, get these new progressive web type featu res and out for the users, for better user experience. And for developers. We want to play with new things. They benefit the j business and the users. We want ability to support multiple si ples sites. We have a lot of local properties. For tiny co mmunities, to bigger ones that support big cities. A couple of big papers in Detroit, Arizona. A big difference between the small and big sites. And the na tional paper, USA TODAY. It makes it hard to build something custom per site. They get a little bit. We need to support dev teams. They have their own developers and build great thi ngs for local markets. They have to build into the codebase that is shared between everybody. If it gets built for Detroit, it is in Arizona and USA TODAY and other places. We wanted a faster development process. It has been growing since 2012. - Or the 1800's. - You know, it gets big and beco mes clumsy to develop on it. Hard to test it and deploy it. The bundle keeps getting bigger. That's what we move to. In June the backend of the new frame work, which is really cool. And then we started building our first project on it. - So, we jumped head long into Polymer. And, the first experi ence that we built out with Poly mer ever, we said, maybe we'll do something in small, not that big of a deal... No, we are g oing to build the whole Olympic experience with Polymer! We could have jumped in. And said, this is going to be the proof of concept. And, this is a kind of summary of the project. I have some shots of it as well. We needed the display, different data, from the 2016 Rio Olymp ics. All the data that is coming in about the schedule, the res ults, country specific things. Medal counts. Awards were coming in. Deep dive into athlete biography. We were writing a lot about the interesting things. A lot of stories, generating a lot of content. Photo's and vi deo's. That was recirculating through the data driven expe rience. This is something that needs to be available on the do main names of all of our differ ent properties. Not just usato day.Com. But the chronicle.Com. The framework needs to know the context of the site. One of the things we don't do now, we don't have a responsive site, usato day or the rest of the sites. We are doing adaptive delivery with device detection. This is the first real big responsive experience with the focus on doing mobile best, mobile first. We'll show you. This is the sc hedule page. The thing about da ta, about the olympics is there is a lot of it. A lot of data coming in a lot of different ways. A lot of results that are not necessarily you know exactly what the results and data types coming back. It is very diffe rent, especially for the diffe rent sports. America had a lot o f medals on that one. And, then our athlete bio's. This is a small snapshot of all the datap oints and filtering through. Knowing more about a country and athlete. Then, I mentioned mob ile. Mobile performance is key for us. You can see sort of that complex data here being rende red nicely in the mobile expe rience. Little bit more about the project. Here s the fun part . You can't move the opening ceremonies. We had 30 days to build the site and the expe rience. We tested that. Let's add more man power to a late software project. It will make i t fine. And so we tested that in this limited real world examp le. Yes, newly highly develop ers. You can see where this is g oing. I can tell, it is the hurd le jump. It is a good story. It has a good ending. Strong exis ting webtech skills though, ba sed on the new team. An amazing team. It is full of people right out of college, actually. But they had really strong web skills. The overall experience though, there was a lot of jun iors. And varied between juniors to principlespal. And brandnew polymer framework. This is going to be fun. We had a lot o f coffee, in order to fuel. We would be roasting our own cof fee. How many of you turned cof fee into code? How many tea into code? We'll talk later! Part of this was changing the way, not only our development team was thinking about coding. Thinking about changing from this page dr iven way of developing to web c omponents. Educating the rest os e the com of the company, the de partment, in thinking of web com ponents. Starting from moving e veryone. Here is a page. Think about modules, componitizing to making atomic elements. For our design, it was encourag ing standardisation. We had at first when we talked about modu les, we had a lot of modules that did the same thing but had slight variations. Let's make this work everywhere.So let's create better standards and here 's what a page looks here and here's what a page looks there. If for UX and I A content based on data source. Because there was so much data and all those different components were re trieving their data from different sources and doing d ifferent business logic for that data, it was really, rately important, that at least for us in our small time frame, that we group things by similar data sources. Otherwise the congress text wouldn't flow right. And it meat it a little bit harder to develop (Context wouldn't flow right) ourel product manager's to even our QA, it was testing and planning these features, these individual modules instead of full page testing, full page QA and just even writing ticket s about the stories, about planning, it was all modular based, component based and not here's this page and here's that page. And then this conference is talking to a lot of developer s about thinking in Web Components, for our web develop ment team a big way we delivered in thirty days, the division of labor was really important, we could have some people working on this component, some people work working on that component, and that was able to play to developer's individual strengths , meaning someone who's very, very Front-End focused could do a lot of the styling, and could help, you know, others that weren't with the styling, then we had some more data driven individuals two were connecting all the, you know, complex piece s of data from different places all together. So that division of labor played a key role. How that looked too was there was some interns that we had for the summer, and we were able to throw them on just modules where they didn't immediate to really know about the Olympics and what was happening or all the complex data that was going on. They could focus on this little one thing, here's a story, research that you're building, I can focus on that, and I don't need all the noise going on around me, pause there was a lot of noise. That focus helped us meet the deadline with that division of labor, which was just asome, we before able to do that, not, beyond the way that we were doing before in a platform that we were doing before, but faking advantage of think but taking advantage of Web Components . Josh is going to talk about all the hurdles,. >> Like any big project, we faced a lot of hurdles. Our approach was to be as agile and flexible as possible with features and how we were approaching the project otherwise we wouldn't meet the deadline. So the first hurdle we really faced was the schedule. As we've said, 30 days to build it. So the first thing we had to rethink was how we were going to do a TypeScript integration. We started planning out our Front-End framework, oh, we rally like TypeScript, we really want to use this with Polymer. So we had these great ideas for how we were going to try and do it but getting that integrated before we started doing all the development wasn't going to get that developer experience where we wanted it. We ended going with a hybrid approach with some of our developers were just building plain Vanilla Polymer Elements, some were doing with TypeScript with a code behind approach. We did one file for the JavaScript, one file for the Polymer Element, and then just use a script tag to link over to the JS version of the TypeScrip t file, that way we're able to do coding in TypeScript and get the benefits there, but the down side was you're now coding in two different files, you're jumping back and forth in your editors, it really wasn't a great experience. It also caused other problems I'll touch on later. We also eliminated how much packaging and fall backs we were doing. So it would be great to be able to say we did all this great support for legacy browsers, and all these great different approaches to http2, and what not. Yeah, we didn't get to that, refocused on modern browsers, focused on supporting the browser that we knew the majority of our users were on and just focused on building the best experience that we could for our widest audience. We also kind of delayed this SystemJS and JSPM integration that we had planned. This was another feature like the TypeScript we had great plans for our framework, oh we can do all this great stuff to support third party JS libraries that maybe somebody's going to want to use. We realized we d on't need third party JS for anything we're building in the Olympics, so we don't need to build this now. Something we put in there now in our framework that we're kind of working on, we'll touch on that a bit. But we found that we really didn't need any other libraries, we were able to just ice Polymer for this. So our next hurdle was performance (We were very new at building Polymer, so we made some of the same mistakes that we heard from other companies that they made when they first started. The first was too many components. We jumped in head first and said we wanted to build everything as ammonal yule. >> So many components, components for everybody ( Laughing). >> And that ended up with a really slow page because we had thousands of components on the page. Kind of hand in hand with that is our components were too complex. So we just made these gigantic components and you saw from the little video, there was a lot of data on that page and there was a lot of variations on it, so there were a lot of DOM if statements controlling whether it was showing anarch up or if it was a -- showing a match up or something like boxing or a hundred meter dash where you have ten people competing at the same time. You're going to have little differences in how you're displaying that data. Those complex things ended slowing us down. We had to go back and watch Polymer videos from last year's Summit, figuring out way s to improve things, figuring ways to improve speed of components by over ten times. We were able to get things really good and get performance to a place we're really happy with. When we first built some of the very first components we were a little nervous because of how slow it was that was because we hadn't thought about performance at all. It's just kind of saying that when you're building stuff, you do have to think about it a little bit. You can't go out and build everything as components and build them crazy complex and expect it to be super fast. But if you do it right, they are super fast, and they are awesome. The last thing was flash of un-styled content. Which was as things were load ing in, we initially weren't doing much to do anything about it. And so the page looked really Funky. So we put some basic styles in that focused on like the navigation, the page structure. And that helped get the page to look a lot better as the content was coming in. The last hurdle we faced was testing , partly because of the schedule we didn't really get tov a test ing framework in place. And we kind of pushed off a lot of the testing towards the last minute. Which meant we ran into some CS S things that we should of caught sooner, plainly around Flexbox, it was the first time using Flexbox drastically across all the stuff we before doing, we found little variations between different browser manufacturers in how they implemented features of Flexbox. We had some weird pages at first, it took going back through CSS and making it standardized across browsers. Also with JavaScript cam pat tability. This is where the TypeScript I want grace hurt us a little bit. We started using ES6 features that aren't cross-browser everywhere because we were using them in the TypeScript code, then switch back over to plain vanilla Polymer Element, you start using arrow functions because you're so used to doing it. But then some other browser would say, hey, I don't know what "let" means now you have a JavaScript error, and your component doesn't work. So that's where, like switching back and forth between TypeScript and vanilla JavaScript really wasn't a good idea. The final thing was H TTP 2 delivery. Also the first time we had done anything with http2 and having the whole site on SSL. We ran into issues where we okay, hey, we heard all the talks about how great http2 S. let's just push all our resource s and things will be awesome and fast. Not always the case, there are times when you tonight want to push resources, sometimes it's better to preload them. We hadn't thought all those things through, when we first launched there were stuff that could have been faster if we weren't pushing it. We found those things out post launch, we were able to fix it now, that w as something where more testing and thinking about A/B testing f or performance is this feature really going to make us faster or is it going to slow us down even though we heard it's the great thing to do. So now Josia is going to tell us how things turned out. >> One of the other interesting things with on boarding, basically a new team for that matter into a any framework was the strategy for us and building up a platform on Web Components was not to use a monolithic JavaScript framework. Keeping keeping anything that was framework light and slim and playing up to components. You'll notice in the video and another win I'll show in a second, it's not really SPA driven, it's notingually using kind of the App shell stuff, which is interesting, it's still multi- page kind of loading, which I'll talk about a little bit more in a second. Thankfully deploying utter Tivoli saved us. -- Itteratively saved us, we moved along from loaning deployments where it took an hour, two hours and moved more towards and integration approach to these Web Components and pages that had Web Components on them. We're also able to launch with a subset of features because they weren't a awarding any metals right away on the open ceremony, we started with the schedule because the schedule was really, really important. So we're able to do subset, iterative in order to meet our dead line. So we're adding additional modules as the games were going on and as, the games began, so you can see that over here in this quadrant up in my -- in this upper right hand corner this we went from sort of this recirculation experience to add ing our metal module there so we could get you to more data driven page. And Olympics data is just part of the difficulty, it was so tricky and very inflexible. Boxing and some of the fighting sports they award two bronze metals. Wait, wait, what? What? I thought everything was gold, silver, bronze, two bronze metals in swimming apparently you can have three silver metals because that makes sense to a data scientist. It's like Ah! There were lots of challenges with the data, we were able to overcomb them because of doing things interactively. The team was working something that was, in general, easy to own board, and was not difficult to work with. So ... back to performance baud it was a hurdle . How did we do? Did we win the gold, did we win the silver, did we win two-prong metals? I don't know. Actually I do. How did Polymer perform against our existing baseline infrastructure of USA.com and what we've built and what we've been using for many years now. And so, the average page load roughly was equivalent to our current platform. You can go on USA TODAY and check out what that kind of speed is. But keep in mind, this is without any time devoted to performance tuning at all because there was no time to do per foyer mans tuning. We were im -- we were 30 days and that was it. So that we just by using Polymer and building this experience out we were able to get roughly where we are with our current platform. So our audience reach. This is really, really cool. This and the rest of our Olympics reporting that we did actually raced USA network, the entire network up t o number 2 for Com scores news and information category across the nation. And question just had amazing numbers coming in 116 percent increase from our 2012 Summer Games and our data driven experience was a core part of that, as long as all the interesting stories and report ing that went on during the real Olympics. So, I don't want to spend too much time on this because it's the E word, electi ons. But they're coming whether we like it or not it's happening. (Laughs) but guess what we did? We did it again in another 30 days. This was pretty insane, let's do it again . And we did it again. But what's different this time based on what we learned before, we had more thought into module composition, how we were making modules, not pitting DOM ifs everywhere, using them properly. Optimizing, this is our chance to optimize our loading,ory caching the preload and pushnd http2 thing we were talking about earlier. And then from a mobile performance standpoint it was part of our platform is, you know, maybe you don't need every single module loaded on your mobile experience. Maybe that's kind of a sub tracktive experience and you have a lighter page load therement so that experience, which ask kind of a sneak previe looks something like this. We have a -- previe looks something like this. We have a nice map loaded in (Preview) we have cat that from key races that are going to be battleground states this year. Let's check on -- let's Google California. Let's see specific state outlooks, race ratings, poll averages, and, I guess we can, I mean we could change, you know, the data -- >> Yeah, they're just Elements, you can go in there and tweak it. >> We can make anyone win that we want? >> It's not going to really change it. But you can make it whatever you want. >> That's the great thing about Web Components, change it, all of a sudden I'm winning, which might be better than the other options. That's all the time we have for you today. That was our thirty day, and really another thirty day march with the power of web come boy innocents onory side being able to do the impossible with a brand new team who had never worked with Web Components before. Which says a lot about both the enterprise readiness of Polymer and about that on-boarding developer experience. Thank you so much. (Applause) Monica: I think I use the olymp ics graph every day if Canada was winning goals. They weren't. Canada had the most bronzes. We tried, but we let everyone win, because we were so polite. I had 2 announcements. First is, we are going to have a panel at the end of the day. We'd like questions from the audience. If you have questions, tweet them as #askpolymersummit. If you want to fill in the Web compo nents survey. We would appreci ate. The Websurvey.. 1 >>Than1 yo2016. audience Websurvey2016. Next is Ivy. He is born on a leap day. He is 4 times younger than everyone in the audience. Eiji. - I'm working at Google, as Moni ca said, I was born on leap day. Asian people look younger than other people. But I'm actually younger. I'm going to talk about sign in and payments without forms. So, last month, I was going to purchase a tv rack. I knew what I wanted. I searched f or the web for that product. And found the most reasonable deal at a website. I decided to pur chase that using my mobile. Acco rding to research 66% of the pur chases are done through mobile web, rather than native web. I went to continue to checkout form and tried to fill out the f orm. But in the end, I gave it up. The reason is that, you know, the in experience to fill out forms is so painful.. Typing credit card information, passw ord. On ty tiny software key board. It is frustrating expe rience. The same research tells that the convergence rate on mo bile web is 66% fewer compared t o that on the desktop. Even for returning users, remembering and typing their password is a pain. Another study shows that 9 2% of users who visited your web site leaves without recovering their account when they forget their password. Causing a lot of friction. We need to fix that. In order to overcome this situat ion, with a platform, we have come up with 2 new API'S. Pay ment request API and credential management API. I'm going to show you a demo webshop we int roduced. How we integrated the A PI's play nice together. So, this is the Polymer shop web site. It looks nice, right? Ima gine that I'm looking for a s weater or clothes for upcoming w inter. Let's explore the webs ite. By the way, this looks all good, right? You want it. But, these are not actual shop. Please don't send us an email when you can get the goods deli vered. We actually had that. Any way, let's continue. This one, this. The price looks good. 38, 85. Buy now. Now you see a dia log pops up from the bottom. And this is actually done by API. Payment register API. At the top , the summary, shows the price of the goods. 38.85 that's corr ect. Let's continue. Next one, is shipping address. What is sur prising is that my address info rmation, of course, these are fake, but show up. What is nice about this is, that I am not si gned in or up to this website yet. This information is already available. Why? I have entered this information in the past. The browser remembers my address information. I can use it. So, let's select one. And, the next ons if one is shipping option. Standard shipping or express shipping. I'm not in a hurry. I can select standard shipping. No tice that by selecting one, the other summary has added a new price. Standard shipping. The total cost has been changed. And now, I go to the payment. And, like my address information, my creditcard information is filled in. It is quite nice, right? And lastly, contact information. My email address is there. Looks good. Okay, everything loo ks good. I can just proceed to payment. Pay. Then, I get my cvc and confirm. And done. So, i magine that I wasn't explaining all this. It is only a few taps. Without typing a single letter, using a software key board. An amazing experience. And now we are at the confir mation page. It is good after ma king the purchase. Users can use a guest check out. Which is much lower for users. And motiva ted to create an account. You ma y provide some reason. You can provide 10% discount for the ne xt purchase. Or maybe you can provide a feature. Why not? Let 's sign up. So, email address is as you see already filled out. It is nice. Because it was provi ded by the API. It is already filled. All I have to do is type my new password here. And sign up. And done. And now, if yo u look at the bottom of the page. It is asking me if I want to store my credential informati on. Nice. This will make my next visit to this website much much easier. The browser assists me to sign in. Here is a new thing. By using the API, the things got much easier. Letting me sign in by a single tap. I'm going to swap and buy store new one. So, what is going to happen is that the credential information I have had in the other device is syn chronized across my Google account. It should be now in my other device and hopefully it will work. Let's see. To be hon est, this sometimes fails. Fingers crossed. Okay, ready? Look at the bottom of the page. Boom! I'm signed in. (applause) so, imagine that, you know, you have to sign in by tapping some thing at least. But with this, you have no action required to sign in. Continue your shopping experience. This is really nice. Okay, can you come back to the page? Slides. So, this beautiful integration was possible because of the payment request Api. I'm going to intro duce each of the Api's. Payment request Api. It provides a stand ard compliant online payment flow. Usually making payment you fill in a long form and submit that. But with payment request Api you can instead of filling out the form, a few taps to subm it the same information. If there are no address or creditc ard information available, users can add them on the fly. The address information can be sto red and synchronised across devi ces and available from every where for future experience of shopping. The best is, once the information is stored to the browser, we basically have all the data required to get through the payment flow.And without creating an account. Even for the users who have never visited your web site before can make a purchase. And it's easy. Payment request API also applies third party payment methods to be part of the ecosystem. Anyone would be able to provide an App or Webapp to -- for merchants to process payment in the future . One such effort is Android payment for payment register API , which is currently in Beta and you can try it out. To learn mo re about payment request API, we provide integration guide and demo site and so on, you can follow the lick G.c pavement payment: Payment API we created a c omponent, shop payment request. Nice thing about making it a web component is that the sum of the defined parameters can be set as Element attributes. Declaratively like currency supp orted methods and requests pay or e-mail and so on. It's declarative. Requesttion payment can be done through a function kale because it returns a promise you can just continue with sending the result to payment processors. B when the promise resolves. Now about the credential management API, it provides a program maltic interface to the browser's password so you can store the user credential information on behalf of the user. As you have seen as the Polymer shop demo you can enabling auto sign in by obtaining credential informat ion and send it over to the server on behalf of the user which is authentication. Signing in using a third party identity such as Google is quite popular , it allows users to sign in by one tap. It's also good for your security. But the problem is that that kind of information is not stored to the browser. So you forget which identity provider youoused to sign into this web site, right. But by using credential management AP I , it can even remember that information. So by storing the choice of your log in account, you can invoke identity location logic to let the user sign in. Even if you chose not to use eight sign in you can use the sign in form by choosing a user without typing a password. This feature is useful for those that have multiple accounts. So it's handy. And droid apps have a similar feature kaled smart lock for passwords. By associating your Android App on your web site you can share the same credential information bet ween them. So, if a user stores the credential information to Android App by signing up, can -- the user can come back to the same web site associated web site to get aught signed in. Which is awesome. -- Auth -- to learn more about credential management API, we also provide integration guide and so on, you can follow the link on the screen. And integrating this sh op credential management API and entire authentication mechanism was we created by shop account component. We put various feat ures into this. For example, form UI, actually included UI and loading UI, notification UI as well as authentication logic log in logic and credential management API and also managing profile data. So it's very complex. The point is that a lot of different parts of the App required to access those kind of information or logic, so what we've done is decided to splitted that into two parts. One is shop account, the same name with all the UI related things, and the new one is shop-account-data, which handles the athen thinkcation logic related things as well as managing profile data. By adding Iron meta behavior to the shop account data, we made it available throughout the App. A lso, by returning a promise, things got much simpler by chaining functions to reflect results to the UI depending on the context. So to recap, Polymer shop, I started with Polymer shop demo andante grated two APIs, which is payment request API, and credential management API. And how we integrated into Polymer shop. And lastly, I forgot to mention what about the TV rack I was going to purchase, and what I've done was after abandoning my purchase on the check out form, I just went form and opened up my laptop and continued my purchase. And it's happily sitting in my living room. So I'm very happy. Yeah. I'm hoping , I'm really hoping that the day will come soon where I could finish the entire shopping experience using mobile web. Thank you. (Applause) . >> Monica Dinculescu: Thank you , Eiji. As someone who has a tormented relationship with input Elements and forms. I eke excited there is something better than that, up next we have a Paul and Surma, I was going to make a funny but the re's nothing inheritly funny about a bald guy and a German, Paul plays the saxophone, Surma means manslaughter in Finnish. They're going to be live coding for you here, so put your hands together for the Paul and Surma show. (Applause). >> Hello Oooo, am I on. Yes, I'm lowed,. >> Am I? >> Yes, I am. >> How you doing? >> Not bad, in the back how you doing? >> Whooo. >> In the front? >> Yeah! Left yeah. >> Right. Yeah. >> I love the idea that you can figure out where broadly speaki ng people are from by the way they cheer. I came out of tower hill station this morning and yesterday, and it reminded me last time itches at toyer hill was to go to the tower of London with Paul Irish -- who -- >> Who by the way is not Irish -- >> Shocking. >> We were there and the gentleman went are you ready for the tour. And even went W we weww in that British style apart from Paul who went Yhooo, I loved it because the Yoma invest said, there's an American in the crowd. Which I said, I think it's fine, he paid. So Surma and I we run a show called super charged call super charged charged.com/developers. What we normally do is we formally spend some time live coding on a live stream some URR Elements we thought -- some UR Elements we thought we'd do it live, live, that idea of doing live coding. >> If you ever watched the show before we have the YouTube live chat and I read it and I distract him when the questions come up. Today we're going to use the Polymer Slack channel, the people in the room, the people watching the stream at home or at work, wherefore. Come in to the super charge channel and ask your question throughout the live stream. I'm going to watch the chat and reading it providing I can keep up. And I'm going to try to wave in all the questions that you have, and we'll try to answer them, if we know. >> So the idea is I'm Good even ing to build a UI Element, normally it's quite practical, but not today it's going to be overblown and ridiculous. >> We call it showbiz. >> We do. You can see what's on my screen, I mine as well get started with code. >> Because we get the question all the time, this is VS code. >> Yes. HTML. >> Snippets are you friend. >> I'm a bad typier. >> Anyone want to do how many typos he does, I would be curious to see that. >> Don't do that. >> Rel equals import, async -- I'm not going to do Polymer, I'm going to use the platform. I'm going straight -- >> I never head that before today. Use the platform. >> #banking. >> Href equals (#branding. ). >> Imagine a disk, it has a value on the front, one two three four, whatever, you click it, flips over in 3D, why not, on the back you can chose win two three four, and it flips ba ck over and shows you the current value. >> It's like a tab but in 3D. >> I'm going to call it flip switch.HTML. >> Before on the show we used Custom Element Element, but only V 0. I didn't watch any of the talks, I didn't know how V1 works. >> I don't know how anything works. >> I'll beg Kateed by this, I'll ask questions you know the answers to. >> So, flip switch.JS. >> Oh rings' everybody doing in the chat. >> Suddenly we have a synergy of people, which is great. >> Awesome. So what I've got is I've got, let me see, let me see if I can explain what I'm actually doing. >> My first question would be you're in a separate file already, no Doc type. >> Yeah, it's an HTML import, which I called async, because I'm being good about that, I have my Custom Element. My theory is I'll use all the web component programtives that make sense here. I'm going I have a template stamped into the Shadow DOM of the thing I'm making. F lip switch.js, and friends don't let friends write out Custom Elements by hand, they have snippets. Oh, yeah. (Laughing) because if I was left alone to write things like the con instructor, I would forget to call super and that would break everything, I don't know why it breaks everything, if you don't, the browsers ghoulaaarrr, if it 's super, it's fine, it's an HTML Element. >> This is all new. Previously the con instructor would shot be called you would have to creative call back. The one we actually moved to the contact. >> I like how you bumped it to V 2. >> Whoa, don't do that! By the way this is is -- see, class, it doesn't like that, noooooo ... so let's make it okay with it, yes, Lint -- ES6. Now it's fine. >> I didn't know. >> It didn't know. That's fine. >> Right, let's make sure it's actually working, console.log. Flip switch! . Oooooh there's my server. Yes, there's a start. >> What did we just to? >> It figured out that -- see now every time I switch, -- there we go. It figured out I have a flip switch in my payment and called the con instructor and now it's spat out flip switch. We're going to faster than this if we want to make progress. So let me make shire this is actually going to work, let's do some styles this here. And I'm going to tell the host that I want to be background, readies play, block. Width, 2 0E PX, height, -- 200 PX, don't mock my typing because it's awfulment 200 percent, 200 PX. >> Units are hard. >> I know. Now here's the thing, we're going to try to snap it into the Shadow DOM. It's in the import, I have to know what import it is. That's the main document, current script, yeah. It'll be current script. Who's running? Which is this. Who's the owner of that Doc, I own the document for that. Yeah, it's this one. Now I can say -- >> Wait only Doc and can be diff erent. >> The document is document and the other document is the owner of the current script. So I can now say Doc.query selector, like so, and I can ask for my F S temple which is going to need a hash on the front because it's an ID, and then I can do -- oh, yeah, this.attach shadow ... sounds so good every time I say it. Mode, open, I'm going to let it be open. That's what it means, basically are you allowed to access the shadow root from outside or not. I'm wrong, somebody's going to Katie Corrigan recollect, probably on the chat. >> I'm watching it. >> It means that you can't -- only the people that have the reference can return by this can use the shadow root if it's not open. >> Sounds about right. >> Would make sense. >> I'm going to append child. I'm going to say TMPL. -- you have do that on the template, .clone node deep is try, did I say this? VS code was like deep ... >> Yes, do this. >> Right. >> Yes, I have a red block. Got to get more showbiz than this. >> And we're done. >> Yeah, we're done, see you later. In the main page, let's do some myth busting. Style -- >> Typo. >> Shut up. >> All right, HTML body Ooop width one hundred percent, I'm going to headache this thing take up a hundred percent why not. Width hundred percent, margin zero, padding zero. And here's the thing, when somebody tells you that you can't vertically align in CSS, they're lying to you, because with two lines, display flex, align-items : Center; >> Even I nigh that. >> There we go, vertically align ed. And also, justify-... see, told you. And now it's actually in the middle. So good, Flexbox , so good. >> I remember when you had to do zero by zero picture object relative fifty percent. >> Shout out to spacer GIFs. >> Those were good times ( Laughing). >> Glad we had this chat. Feel ing quite emotional. Now I will start adding some stuff. Now if it's going to do that thing be it's going to flip forward, something with a front and back, I'll make a container for those , I have a feeling I'm going to need one, yes, I'm going to need one, I'm going to put things like perspective on, so <div> crag equals front, just what it says on the -- we'll need one for the back as well. Back, back. Back. How's the chat doing . >> I'm assuming this is the front side and backside of the thing that we mentioned. >> That's the one, that's the one. >> We've done something similar before with a 3D card flip where we, I guess talk more about the shadow than the actual card flip in the end because we had t o do it efficiently to get the 6 0E FPS U. but we had like a front and a back, and basically one thing was becoming visible and the other one becoming invisible when things are flipping over. Watch that episode, they're all YouTube, on demand, maybe good to fall a sleep with or something. >> Yeah, to the sound of our voices. >> Probably not. >> No. >> Right. So I positioned absolutely width, hundred percent, top left zero, decide to break out the containing Element, the parent which is container is statically position ed so we have to say positioned. We'll do relative. And that'll brings them back in. >> That looks pretty. >> I know, looks amazing, give me time, I have a lot of faith in where we're going. Right, there's still not a hundred percent, wow, you need to be width a hundred percent, that's why. The container needs to be a hundred percent, now there we go. In the middle. But it looks ridiculous. Let's fix that, we'll set background Ooooo here 's an idea, let's do color -- >> Yeah -- >> Custom properties. >> Color -- this will be a green -like color. >> Of course you know that ( Laughing) oh, by the way, just because before anybody ( (Laughing) Whoooaaaa (Applause). >> A 3 is more than two, six and one -- all right, all right, fine, fine. >> By the way, I don't know what we're doing today, to be fair we wanted to say that Paul did rehearse this we're strictly time box this time and don't have this discrimination that we can go on as long as we want to . So, this has been rehearsed by him, not by me, so I don't know . >> Thanks for telling them, for telling them that was green by myself. >> We don't immediate the red anymore we know this is working. The front 234 the back and the back is sitting on front of the back which we don't want, we want a front and a back face, we want to rotate the back face by 180-degrees. >> But like the front side -- >> We have a front and a back, right, so the front is facing us , but the back is also facing us , which is not real life, the back has to face away. Okay, so we have to do a transform, and, we're doing rotate Y 180-degrees like so. And now the back -- it is back but because the way 3D transforms work, they show do you the back face of the thing by default. I's back face visible? >> Back face visibility. >> Get your CSS right. >> Sorry. Back face visibility, I can't type today. And hidden. Okay, that will make the back -- the back is still there but it 's now hidden away. >> If you ever done open GL or web GL work you will have encounted similar behavior. So if you had flipped something around, sometimes it's visible, sometimes it's not depending on how you configure the engine. >> Let's do the bit where it flips over, that's more fun. In oridance herb to do that, is on the host I'm going to set a perspectivewhich you set always in fix sells, I'm going to push the container -- in the pixels, I'm going to push it back 250 pixels, it will pivot and push the front and the back another 250 so when they flip forward it'll be at zero. Does that make sense? >> I guess. >> Let's do transform. >> We don't have -- a flipper and just draw. >> We so a theory corner. >> Theory echo. >> See, that's the German. >> -- tell them what the German a is for CSS. Ca) in German about 26 letter s long). >> I push it back into Z space or Zed space. >> DisZ go into the monitor or out of the monitor. So the access goes out. I can never memorize that. Well, here we are . At the moment it's basically what it was like 133 pixels, right. And the reason is, if you want to work out how many are going to scale up or down by the perspective value divided by p erspective minus the distance, which was minus 250. >> This is literally in the spec , it's in a note, a one liner. By the way if you would like to know if this is the math you're always looking for. That's like 133 because that's like 66 percent of the 200, right. That's why it's that size. So what we'll do, tell you what we'll do, push the front and the back like so. >> Are they asking anything. >> Robe is answering almost everything, God -- I don't want to say you're redundant, but I'm glad you're here with me. ( Laughing) shout out to Surma. >> Right, I put the -- you might not have seen, actually, I put in the extra transform but it department do anything. It's still at 133, you would have expected it to go another 256 pixels back, the switch flip has a perspective value of a 0 the container pushed back by 250 pixels, the obtainer is in the way with the item with pers pective, it goes Lol, no. We have to ask the congress taper to preserve the parent's perspective and pass it down to the children, we can do by doing transform style preserve 3D. And now it'll get smaller. Okay. So that now is basically said I'll take the parent's perspective and pass it to the children. Now that's all good. How are we doing for time. Are we doing all right is this. >> It's easy. >> Yeah. So, what we were doing the thing where the obtainer -- what we'll do is flip it. >> So one theme in the questions right now, is it going to work in Firefox, is it going to work in Safari. >> With Polyfills yeah. >> It probably would work, we always say this in our show all the time, this is not production ready code. We're doing this on stage, it's probably horrible, don't copy and paste it out. It 's about the technique, and it's going to work in Chrome right away, we develop in Chrome and you could probably use Polyfills to work everywhere else. >> If you didn't use Shadow DOM you could make it work as far back as which ever browsers were the last to get 3D transform. It should be fine in IE 10 maybe. >> It should be, I don't know. If you. >> If you want to try, make it work in IE ten it's your homework. It is going to rotate 180 degrees. We should see our cards go over. We have to ask for the container. This.Containe r. What was it called? It was called container. - People ask to zoom in a bit. Why not? - Fine. - Also on the website. Maybe not. - Here we go. I like to do this. - The Paul trick. - No, I'm not going to do this. When you click, I'm going to do it this way to check everything is working. I'm going to flip things over. I need a function called Flip. - You are giving the element in Api. Nice of you. - This.Container.Classlist.Tog gle flipped. Which is going to do nothing. No, it is. I'm an id iot. There you go. Zoom that in a little bit. Now the back is upside down. Which looks ridicu lous. Transition on transform. And I do honestly this is the ni cer. - That's a new one? You usually have 0, 0. - That's really broken. Let's fix it. Do you know why? - I don't know. - I have seen it before. The front and back. I have a transf orm. I overwrite the back with the transform with the rotateY. - We have a question! - Hang on. There you go. - See! The only downside it is upside down. - It is physically correct. - Let's rotate it in Z. 180 de grees. And, yeah! Look at that. What is the question? - You added eventlist in uncon nected? - Yes,. - If you remove the element from the Dom. - In a disconnected callback I would. - Production ready code. - I'll put that in. Right. Where were we? The thing is, when you click on this, that's kinda o kay. Let's add some buttons. Which we'll do in here. We'll have a button. - Speaking of. Now that you had experience with v0 and v1 of custom elements and Shadow Dom, preferences, differences? - I think it is still awesome. It uses the constructors for cri tical callback. This is a callback. For me, mostly, this hasn't really changed. If you didn't change you have to de clare as a static. - Performance optimisation. Cus tom elements define and not re gister element. - Yes. - Syntactic changes. - It is quite fine. We had but tons on the front. Attractive looking one. Let's style up the different buttons. Let's do that . Oh dear, right. Front button. Right. width. 100%. Height 100%. Let's see. - That's repetitive. - Border radius 50%. Outline no ne. Font size 60 pixels. Backg round none. It is grey at the moment. Border, none. Don't want any of that. Yeah. Cool. Nana na. Make a white color. There we go. Let's do... There we go. - Someone is suggesting maki u sing mix-in for the sizes. - In production using tooling. - We are using what we see on screen. The python webserver. - I'm using a box shadow. Inset. With 0 on the XY, on the blur. All zero. And 10 pixel spread. W hich will bring it in 10 pixels. Which is kinda cool. There you go. - Why not? - That's fine. On the back. - Ship it. I'm trying to save time. Back. We'll do the back ones. I get to do something I enjoy on this. 25%. It is 4 of them. We 'll make them smaller. Make it smaller. - Someone suggested we use a transition box shadow. - No, no, no, no noy. No! No! - If you don't know, that's what it was about. - You don't do that. Because, it will trigger paint on every fra me of the animation. So far, you have seen me stick to transf orms. That For that reason. - Always? - they are the only properties today will animate in an accelle rated version. Layers on the Gpu . Or we can fade them in and out. It is really fast. Painting on every frame is a gamble. - Mobile you mostly will not. - You can with ... If I was doing it differently. I 'd use a before and after. And faded in or scale it. It doesn't involve paint. Where was I? In the background. We are going to do an inverse color thing going on. Like that. And wow... That's small. Okay. They look ridiculous. Let's put them in a nicer place. Position, abso lute, top. 50%. This is one of my favorite little things. When you do that, and you've got them. They are in the middle. B ut it is the top left corder in the middle. Middle, mled middle would be good. You can do a translate. Transform. Minus 50%. - Because the fun is, it works on uses for the percentages. Of the elements used. Not the paren t. - So handy! So good. Right. Now, let's see, we have backbones. Let's position a bit more... End of type 1. I'm going to assume we have 4 boxes. It is prototype code. So, 1, 2, 3 and 4. Right. Bot tom one stays at -50. And bump it up another 100%. 2 is going to the side. + 50. - A ring around. - Yes, 1, 2, 3, 4. - A game pad thing. We are going to use the gamepad.Api? - No, shut up. Let's find out if it works. - Sounds abtout rig about right. 1, 2, 3, 4. They have a transform here. As the default. And a transform here. We couldn't take advantage of the fact that the parent gets flipped. We can do an ani mation. By doing this. I got it. Don't repeat yourself, Paul. G rab that. Let's make the button animate. You didn't see that. - Let's slow down. - Great feature of dev tools. -You can put a delay or curve. - Thanks for that. Transition de lay. - I know some stuff. - You know loads of stuff. Let's delay the animation. We'll do, you know, you know, I think that a bit of delay... There we go. You see how they spread out at the end? And then... That's good. Change the value. When you change the buttons. The value on the front. We can do it with, let's think about it. Set valu e. - Now you are going fancy. - I know. So good. This.Value = value. Fair enough. You can make that an underscore. Get value. Return this.value. We can say, this.Front. This is bad. I should be caching this. Textcon tent equals value. We need to know what front is. Equal this.Root. Same for the back. We are going to need the back. We know we are going to need it. Right. What happens is, we got the front. Fine. And so what we need to do is, this.Front. When you click any where on the front. We'll fl ip the thing over. We'll delegat e to the back. If we want to de cide we want more than 1 button. - Now you give me ideas. - I know, right? What we'll do. There is going to be a problem. We'll do flip. We'll do this.Va lue = whatever the target was. That will do it. -You could have used dataset. - Mwa. Setting the jrlale value. If we click on the back. Oops! - Working as intended. - Good news is, there are the most ridiculously named propert ies on an event. The current target and the target. - If you don't know, events bub ble. - Target and current target. Are you the current target? No, I'm the target. How does that differ? I don't know. If the e vent target is the same as the current target. The one you clic ked on, the target, is the tar get that... - If you have not bubbled. If you clicked on the back itself rather than the button, yeah, then we're just going to return. So this is like if this is -- is the back, bail. Right, so hopefully that will work. So it doesn't do that, but now it does do that. That's that problem solved. Right, so that's all working. I had an idea, let's make it a little more showbiz -- >> We had a question by the way -- are we doing DOM operation in the con instructor right now, because that is apparently not recommended. >> Other than attaching the sh adow? >> We do it curry selector which ... >> Phhhhh. >> Sure. I mean it works right? (Laughing) (Applause) oh, I'm going to walk into some serious trouble. >> Matt's not going to be, hi. Matt. >> Going to undermine everything you say. Sorry about that. Um ..., okay, so, let's see, right where were we. I'm going to add a ripple. Everything likes a ripple. <div> class equals ripple. >> In case you didn't know by the way, all of our episode the code that comes out is on github . This will also be on github, and the Google Chrome on github called UI Element samples, we probably have a link on screen. >> There's dashes, UI -- >> True. You'll find it. We'll have it in the description later on, so go there if you want to play around with it yourself, if you want to make it work in IE 10, or whatever floats your boat . >> This sounds really familiar, transform, translate, trance 50 percent, going to position the ripple. (Laughing) you didn't see that. It's fine. I expected that, now we have a ripple. And that looks -- laughing -- just bear with me, Surma. >> It's actually a nice aesthetic. >> Don't get distracted Paul. Richel diversity expanded because we want to expand and contract. So scale down to zero, I'm going to scale it down to zero, then I'm going to scale it up to one what we call this class. >> It's going to go like Whooopp p. >> Let's make sure we have it in place, otherwise it will pop, like that, the official sound of popping. We'll make it a little faster than the flip, ripple has quite a long way to go. I like it when it gets on to it. M ake it a touch faster than the actual flipping over animation. We're going to toggle that class. It's good because we have that stuff already in place. Ripple -- ripple. >> So I have an interesting question, we haven't seen a single change in your code so far. >> Give it a moment. >> Class list.toggle, expanded. >> We also actually proved that it doesn't paint. >> Right, but we'll paint. Let me show you that it will paint. Let's chose' different color. >> Green is like dove tools uses green to indicate painting. >> Yeah, Whoops, let's do Rebecc a ... >> People were asking for this color. >> What a lovely color. Okay, so now we do paint flashing, every time Chrome paints it will put a green flash on the screen like that. >> Because the border has to be added and therefore paint is happening, it has to be painted, literally. >> Because it it's an animation on transform, Chrome goes, got this, going to give it it's own layer, like art work, but at the end of the animation, cool, don't need that layer anymore, buy Bye, you see that green box around the ripple, okay, we don't want it. >> The flattening of all the layers down to one single image. >> So what we can do is we can say to Chrome Chrome, and also Safari and Firefox. We can say, listen, that ripple, like, if you're seeing the ripple, it should have it's own layer. So we'll do will change, which is the way to do this. >> And there we go, we got a will change. >> Anyone translate Z zero before in the history, -- everybody uses will change. Okay, good. But if you haven't and you see translate Z zero, that's what it's doing. >> I think for Safari,. >> Back in the day and every browser sense. Oh yes,'re putting a 3D transform, that should have it's own compos it l ayer. We'll do a standardized version. See how we continue see the paint anymore. Chrome will show us anything that it thinks it has it's own layer. >> It's visible. >> That's really good for us here. This one will have it because of the fact that it's got to perspective on it. It knows there's a 3D transform here, the ripple gets one pause of the fact we told Itaú BBA needs one. >> There is a list of properties that basically force our advice for the browser to use their own layer. I think it was a spec, I don't remember. >> Yeah ... >> I might link to it in the chat. A list of CSS properties that force an Element to it's own layer from there on you can do accelerateed animation. >> I set the ripple to one pixel . It seems inadvisable. The thing is it wants to be the size of the screen, right. We want it to take over do a full take over, which means -- >> Do we? >> We do. These change sizes windows. We node a resize handle er to figure out how big does this ripple need to be, like the radius of this ripple. T so I set it to one pixel because I know I'm going to have to figure this out in JavaScript. I'm go ing to make an on-resize. Like so. And we'll do window.add event listener, resize. This.on resize. You know what that's going to fail, I'll show you why that's going to fail in a little bit Const, middle X, I'm going to make the assumption that this is always in the middle of the screen. If we have time, there might be a more generalized version I can show you you. Middle of the screen is the window Inc.ker width. And the Y value is the inner height. Also times by five. >> If we were really bleeding edge, we could use the resize observer. That is a thing. Co incidentally just wrote an article about that. Go raid it, maybe. It's basically an obse rver that only notifies you when a resize happens not only on the win I do you can do it for Elements, it's an vent for El ementtion. It's amazing. Right now it's only in Canay behind a flag. >> That's a little bit keen for me. >> We need a Plagarian distance. >> We're doing math now. >> We are. Because it's in the middle, pick one. And so the radius will be the square root of misX times midX plus midY times midY, then we can say this.ripple.style.width equals template string radius times two , pixels. Put a space. There's a good lad also the same thing, great extent hate it when it doesn't work. Fine, why didn't you work. Oh, because I didn't actually call it. Awkward. We'll just it to here for now. Yeah! And also when I resize it, it Greeks. And the reason it breaks is if we were to do console.log this Whoo o ... and we say, so the fist one says, oh, yeah, this refers to the flip switch, but because the second one is window.add Vint resize. This is the window, which is no use to me. So we are in the age of ES 20 1 , even then sometimes a bind is still necessary. >> I know, I'm so going to bind this. Look at this. The Paul Lew is or the normal way. >> Mine. >> Owe let me explain why I'm doing this. That's a feature in every episode. >> I'm not proud of it. It's just -- >> Right the reason we do it like this is because I want two things, I want to refer to it by name, if I do my tidy up, which I promise when I do push this together we'll have the disconnect call back filled out. Might move it to this stuff here. My way, the thing is I want to refer to it by name. I want to say this.resize add event listener and remove event listener. The thing is when I call the function I want this to be always referring to the instance. I do not want it to refer to the window or anything else. I take a copy from the prototype, a class where this currently lives on the prototype , I'm going to take a copy, bind it, and shove it as an actual property on the instance itself. >> Overwriting it. >> Basically. Yes. No matter what, it will always refer to the flip switch. >> There is in ES 2017, I think a proposal for a double operator, that would be this colon colon resize which would achieve the same effect. It's not there yet. Sadly. >> You'll see when you play with it, it's great. Okay. Last thing, I feel like we should have shadows. >> The audience does not seem to care (Laughing). >> I'm doing shadows okay! Yeah! (Applause ( (I like you, I like you very m uch. Shout out to shadows. Okay, we'll do a two pixel one. Stick with me. Shadow two pixels . It's going to be width, height , hundred percent, background, this is going to be a black shadow to begin with. And let's see, position, absolute. Top zero, left zero, border radius, 50 per subsequent. And -- >> What a great shadow. >> Yeah, looks amazing. >> It's like a record. >> (Making record scratching sounds) that's not the only thing I do, I do a great Billy as well, I don't mind, if you ask a question, I might respond in my best Billy, I don't mind, whatever. (British accented). >> Code, Paul, code. >> You remember the container got pushed back 25 pixels and the front and back were pushed back 25 pixels which we confirm is 500 pick 'ems minus and then the distance they moved which is another 500 which is null point 5, they're half scaled. >> Double negatives are too much. >> But it's true, half size. We could put the shadow inside the container as well, when that flips over the shadow is going to go a little bill Wonky, what we'll do instead is treat and we'll do a transform and scale it down by 0.5. It's hidden but it is there. It is there. Let's translate it down a little bit, translate Y. So it's peeking out of the bottom there. Here's what we can do as well. You can make it look blurry by adding a box shadow. But if you get it wrong. Now it's half size, so my two pixel blurry shadow is go ing to have to be 40 pixels and we'll make that black as well. Yeah, oh, you can't see that. You can't see that. >> Change the color again. >> I need to bluer it, that's why, I'm an idiot. Let me get rid of this. >> Hold up, so many numbers. >> Okay, all right, yeah. >> So interesting question, why not filter blur. We have run into this problem before, I think. >> Right, filter bluer, why wouldn't you use that? Because it's a post-processing effect, when the frame gets shipped to the GPU, the GPU goes do I node to blur this? Yes, I do. If the animation has changed at all , if the pixels have changed this, it will go oh, I need to blur this, and it will happen on every frame and that's incredib ly expensive, it's a post- processing effect you don't want to run on every frame. It's good for static content. >> The deceptive thing is paint flashing will not show up. It's not done in the tab's rendering but outside of it in the post-processing pipeline. I pipeline it's deceptive you think you did well in performance but your frames get really slow. >> Back to the shadow, if you can see, there is a shadow, you can see I have the harden of the circle then the shadow kicks in , if you'd a bit of a spread on to this, see how it's now like a blurry shadow. >> You could zoom in with control and mouse wheel. >> No, I don't think I can. The thing with the thing. Getting very articulate. Let's put it back where it was. >> Looking good. >> What we'll do is add another class to this where it goes like flipped. Yeah. And we'll -- we will -- you know those -- the disk, let me just -- the disk goes from there and it's like big, it's like 200 by 200 again. Well, since this oneth was 200 by 200 when it wasn't scaled, we can get rid of the down scaling so it reel be the right size. >> If you don't define it, it will zoom. >> Exactly, let's transitionnd a transform again, so it moves nicely, let's do 245. And we'll have to add that into the JavaScript, won't we to make sure it gets told what to do. So shadow two pixels. How's everybody doing on theWe have 15chat. 0 people in the chat. Can we get to 200? We have enough people in the room, and they are watching you type. - Okay. That looks rubbish. The animation is, the thing is it should flip over as well. Let me put that in. There we go. - Slow it down. It is a double flip? - No. It is not. Obviously a lot darker than we need a shadow to be. Let's fix that. Drop the o pacity from 0.2. There you go. - You are good at numbers. - I know about shadows. - I don't think you like lighte r. - They get blurrier. I know that we can fake it. While you make it. From Monica. Meanica I call her now. She was mean to me. She ruined my name. Meanica! #revenge. Let's add another shadow. We'll make it blurrier. Exactly the same as the 2 pixels shadow. But we will say it is box shadow. A gain we have to double the numbers. 24 pixels. And give it a spread of 16 pixels.. And when it is flipped over, it is going to be the same deal. It is. It is going to do the same transfor mation. What we want is the opa city to be zero here. And then when it is flipped, we want it. We are going to get a cross fade . All being well. Make it... We have to animate, just the trans form. - Shadow 4? No. I'm stupid. - You feel good? - Sometimes saying it out loud you feel it is wrong. If you have to a problem you can introd uce it to the rubaduck. - He is my rubaduck. You are not... Okay, now we don't see what I wanted to see. - See, there is something wrong. - I'm easily confused. Yeah, I have to set the opacity to zero. Yes? The other one is not showi ng up. The reason in the Javas cript we didn't tell it to show up. Like so. How we are doing for time? We have another? - We are doing fine. We're good. I'm not sure where you want to go. This is pretty decent. - Classlist of null. Where are y ou? Helps if you put it in the Dom, Paul! There you go. Can't do anything with something that doesn't exist. - Slow it down. That's the thing. If you slow it down, it could be better. - If nobody is expecting it. You are like... Do it again? No. No, i don't do my tricks a s econd time. - At that time it is clicking buttons. It is fun. - We are good. Wow. Tell you what we'll do. Couple of things. Let's make it so it is a custom izable color. Equals red. Red! Which means. We have a question. - Why don't we determine the state of the shadow by the exis ting elements. Instead of intro ducing new Javascript. I think it is possible. - True. There are 2 reasons why. I didn't want to expose the c lass that it was open and expan ded and whatever, on the actual element itself. Ideally. So, I had to make sure it was going to be done here at this level. You could make a containing element for all those. Sure. I guess that would work. - Exactly. I didn't expect on the prototypes to get Pl's. I linked it in the chat. - Good work. Not you. I mean... You did great. Right, so, we can set a color attribute. Or atTRI bute. - I'm not a native speaker. What I know. - This.Color = this.Getattri bute. Set color. Why not? Let's see, this.Color = color. - Up to d date. We can use co lor. It had to be data dash something. - I don't know. Color actually exists. Font co lor exists. - I think is going to be fine. - As long as it is going to work. - I put red in here. I can be like,... I can put whatever I want. We should tell the handle that situation. - How do you do that? Teach me Paul. - You know who is really good. Checking to colors to give to the browser? The browser. Why don't we do div... Huh. Div.S tyle.Color = color. And then, if the div.S tyle.Color is empty, because it didn't like it. Huh. We can do console.Warn. Co lor is not a color. - Doofus. - Well done! - Passive agressive warnings. - This is a British console. - Wel done! Any other great s uggestions? You probably delete them. Otherwise. And then, we can do this.Style set property. Set pro perty. And we can do the color t hat I did before. We can do col or. - Ah, I didn't know about set property. - All being well. Didn't like it. Hang on. Didn't warn me. I left it here. Oh no! No real co lor. Well done, Paul! - It came right back to bite you. - It is red. It is red! That worked out just fine for us. And if we don't have anything at all it is going to say null is not a real color. It is over the top. If it is not a color, just color. - It is the default? - Yes. And if you set it. I sup pose, what we could do as well. If you change the attribute, we can say, if the attribute that y ou changed is color. - You need a switch case. - We'll return. Well... Color equals new value. Now, that will do absolutely nothing. And the reason is, I h aven't told it to listen for that. If I do $0.Setattribute color red. You think it would do something. - You mentioned it earlier. - I did. It relies on this. Ob served p attri bute. We do that. - Damn. - We are done. That worked. How are we for time? 5 minutes? I can make it work with multiple ones. - I was about to ask about... - No! - Because we are doing the good old flipping thing. There is things in the Dom. About the accessibility. - I think if you are going to do something ridiculous in produc tion. You want to watch Rob's cast. And make sure that as the animation finishes, whichever side is not visible to inert. Which tells the browser, you shouldn't be able to tap into this. - Right now, you could tap to t he 4 buttons on the back. - You can get to them. Which is bad. Have added the inert polyf ill. - Rob posted that in the chat. I wonder why. - Color equals 1EA236. That's green. There you go. You remember back when. If we assume the ripple... That's not. - Not working anymore. - While I'm here. I feel I want to click on the ripple. - You notice you added another o ne. Customer elements, it is so good. - If you click on the ripple. Now if I do that. There are 2 problems. One is that when you click on the green one the purple one is visible, which is bad. And the ripple isn 't big enough. We'll fix it. To make my life easier. I'm going to do the flip switch and add a modal class and put a Z index of 1. What I'll do in the Javasc ript, I'll say, when you do a flip, we'll say this.Classlist.A dd. Fingers are getting tired. All the fast typing. >> I know. >> They both have the modal class on, which means we're back where we were. We need in the add event listener, we mode to say this this,.container, add event listener, and we'll say on the transition end, transition,. >> Very under rated event. >> I know it's really good. >> We will say if this.container ,.class list,.contains which is also incredibly handy, so if this is the one that's actually actually -- so there are two transition end, one when it flips forward and one when it goes backwards. When it flips forward that will be true, the " if" statement. Other than that we want to say, this.class list. remove (Modal) okay. So we should see all being well, yes. Good. Yes. No longer broken, that's good, that's one out of two. >> It wasn't broken. It was just visually unpleasing. >> That's broken. (Laughing). >> Okay. Let's do one very quick ly. One minute to go. The thing about this on resize it assumes that we're in the middle of the screen, which we aren't. First thing first, we also call it here in the con instructor, which is a bad place to be call ing it (Con instructor) at this point it's not added to the screen, if we call that. If we call the on -- size, it's not go ing to work out well for us. We want to do it on the connected call back, we ask an animation frame, which basically says wait a frame till it's been definite ly added to the DOM, all the styles figured out. Everything's up and running. And then call the resize. So that's one thing we want to do in the resize its elf, mid X and midY are no longer the middle of the screen, .get bounding client, which is one of my favorite APIs, been around forever, tells where it' s on the scene, left top right top dot top, brilliant. >> Be careful. It does force. >> If you have pending styles, make changes to your classes, to your style, browser says wait a minute, I'm run the style, run layout and then tell you where everything is on the screen. >> To all your reads, dimension, then do all DOM changes, class changes. >> Exactly. In this case I know there's a layout post resize any way. So I can afford to do this certainly here. So do position.left plus position.or width. This'll take us to the middle of the box. And the same is also true for the top and the height. Now, the good news is, that will sort of work for this one. Look at that. But it won't work for this one, because it's nearer the top left corner than the top right corner, we want to account for it which ever one is the max. You see what I mean. You're going for the left corner, which ever one you're nearer is the wrong one, go for the other one. Let's have two new variables because why not. Mid "X" or window.inner width, minus max -- no, no, midX there we go. go. Same goes for Y. Here we are. There we are . Height. High nurse MY and then Rx RY, does that all make sense ? >> Maybe you do the math. >> One, two, they're both work, they're customizable, we've done sole showbiz. Woe're all out of time. Thank you so much for happening out with us (Applause) -- thank you so much for hanging out with us. (Applause) r). >> Monica Dinculescu: Get out of here, my stage. Make your site faster, make your site faster, it isn't fast enough. Well that was absurdly excellent . We have a break now. There is a code lab on building custom overlays if you are interested in that, and we'll be back at 4:15. See you soon. Monica: Welcome back. Last talk of the day. They gave me a fancy mic. Our next speaker doesn't need an introduction. He was an Glee club as a child. They were cal led the ambassadors. Give it up for Alex Russell. Alex: That last thing about the Glee club is true. It was called the Ambassadors. If you have seen Glee. The joke, it was 30 brads and a perfectionist. It was correct. So, normally when I get up to g ive a talk some time this year I put this slide on stage. And, I 'm surprised not to be giving a progressive web talk today. We gave it last year and has been taken off. We have looked at technology behind it. Starting 2 010 I guess. 4-5 years ago, I worked, and started a project that created web components. We had a bunch of new features. I spent a bunch of years working on the platform from a lot of different angles. With a lot of folks here today. Basically I have been working on other stuff. I haven't been involved in day to day web development. So, this won't be that talk. I won't be talking about pro gressive web apps, web compo nents,. What I have been working on for the past years. Yes, you should probably make a progres sive web app. But what I want to talk about is, why the Prpl pat tern is to important to mobile. It isn't everything yet. It is about to be everything. All of computing. If you go to emerging markets it is all of computing. The next online users will be mobile. They won't be devices l ike this. This is a 700 dollars phone. These are 700-750 dollars phones. Basically nobody has them. People do have phones, this is a bag I carry every where. Phones like this. $100 phone from last year in India. It is dual core. We'll talk about it in a second. Because people are running the software that we make on devices like the se, what we are finding out is we are not succeededding on mobile. I have to say this to t he Javascript community. It, di dn't make me friends. I'm surpri sed I was invited to give this talk. I have been making the Pol ymers sad. Scott, Steve, Monica, say this is the pg version. I would walk up with one of these. Why is this slow. I would do this continuously once every cou ple of weeks I guess. Eventually we had uncomfortable meetings where they would show a new thing and I would pull out a phone and say, this is really slow. Why is this so slow? At some point it was Steve who you heard from yesterday, being lazy. You need to be more asyn chronous. Stop doing so much work up front. He said: Stop tel ling us what to do. Stop. Tell me what I need to hit. Put a finger in the wind. You need to be interactive in 3 seconds on a 3G connection on a $200 device. I need to be able to interact with that application the next time in 1 second. Nobody was very happy about it. Eventually, what they came back with was the Prpl pattern. We'll talk abo ut why it is important. This is desperate stuff. I'm not the per son saying, you need to stop loading a lot of Javascript. I spent a many years on it. You ha ve more power inside the brows ers. I advocated for senti bility. The bits of the browser process. The things you don't have access to it. The thread, painting, layout. The parser wi th web components. You would have access to those and plug in to those with the script itself. I helped make Javascript frame works. To get to this point takes a lot from me to say, you need to stop putting so much sc ript in your apps. You have to really failed badly to get me sending this message. So, how do we get here? Well, I'd say we h ave persistently failed users on mobile devices. I think, if we put the Rail model in th our heads we can understand. We talked about the Rail model a bunch. We want to respond to u ser input in less than 100ms. And to hit 60 frames per second. We have to do our work on the main thread in less than 8ms per frame. We have to wait for the browser to do its work. We need to make sur e we are chunking up our idle work in small chunks. So we can remain responsive and input to respond to. When we load, we take an action inside the applic ation, we want to get back to that interactive state in about 1 second. This is long term user research. Validated in a lots of ways. 1000ms is a hard limit to hit. Interactive in a second. That is really, really hard thihnc thing to do on a fast connection on a desktop. Mobile is so much harder than you think it is. How fast could we get? Probably can't get something loaded in a second. What's rea listic? I think 3 seconds on a 3G connection is realistic for something. That's some data from the doubleclick folks research ed. This caught my eye. 53% of visits are abandoned if a mobile site takes more than 3 seconds to load. And average we are it takes 19 seconds to load. We are not succeeding on mobile. We have to accept that we are not succeeding on mobile. I think it is worth asking why we are not succeeding on mobile. We are smart intelligent people who build interfaces to people. We don't want to make a slow UI. We want to deliver great user expe riences. Noone is trying to fail. It can't just be that web developers are evil and hate us ers. I don't think that's true. Maybe My first hypothesis though. We have failed in mobile , because we have allowed oursel ves to only run our m apps on desktops. You see the responsive design thing. It emulates the v iewpoint of a mobile devicte.vic e. You do development there. Who has used Chrome Inspect. Hey, I like you. All right. Who is u sing Webpage test? Okay. Cool. This is a good crowd. I like this. I think, most developers a ren't doing that. A lot of the traces I see are people who ob viously haven't tried the stuff out. And so I'm a one trick pony . The reason this bag is in by bagpack and includes all of these phones. When I go to a partner meeting, I sit down, plug in a phone to Chrome ins pect and show it to them. On a real devivice. $200 device. To g ive an example what I'm talking about. This was the IO website from 2015. Super cutting edge progressive web app. We just launched push notifications in the release that was sent to u sers the week before IO. This was bleeding edge stuff. On desk top this was punchy. Nice intro animation. The whole thing gets loaded in 700ms. Pretty good. Get the onload in 1,5 sec. The nice animation kicks in. We get smooth frames through most of the animation. The whole time spent for all of that work, to get a nice fade in. Is 600ms in JS. I do the exact same thing, w hich gets me to interactive in seconds on 5X. It loops complete ly different. That JS balloons to 2,5 seconds. That is a slug of JS. You can't do anything with this thing. It gets onload in 5,5 seconds roughly. The script locks up the UI thread fo r 2 seconds. Spent 4 seconds in script overall. We aren't inte ractive till late. At the same time, we get slow frames. This is not okay. Right. We have to accept that this is not okay. I think we are able. We are one of the few systems where we are running the same binary on the desktop as on mobile device. Nobody runs a Win32 app on a phone. You can't run it on the i phone. Nobody takes a Java jar and runs it on Android. That doesn't happen. We didn't switch tools. We have been stuck in this world where we think we have to build everything. And th at it is okay. So, traces from mobile devices are harsh master s., and most of the teams that we have worked with over the past year, start looking at th eir thing on mobile. And they do the stages of grief. Mobile is really, really hard. There are roughly 3 major areas that make this so much worse than it looks . The Cpu's. The storage. And the networks. Let's talk about it. We think we have an in tellectual in understanding why they are different to desktop. But didn't think about the appli cations. I say all the same in e very meeting, the truth is in the trace. The ground truth is something you can go and copy. Take a snapshot and send it to someone else in the team and have a look at it. If you are not inspecting your traces, you don't understand what is going on. You can get it from the tests. This is my desk. These are the devices travel with me. Including the Macbook pro. Almost every phone on that desk, aside from the one on the rig ht, is about 300 dollars or less. And that matters. Because these are the phones that most p eople have. I don't most wealthy people. Most of the next set of customers. Probably have phones thaf that are not $700 iPhone or Pixel. They probably don't. The Macbook has 4 processing co res. Very deep pipelines. They c an go from 2.8 gHz. They can sca le further than that in the pro cess. 16 gigs of rams. Costs 270 0 dollars. The Pixl Xl has 4 cores. Same number. There is hy perthreading. It has 2 of the co res that can go to 3.1 Ghz. It sounds weird. Not if you have bought, for different speed. It costs 750 bucks. It is a real computer. It is limited. The Nexus 5X has 2 more cores. Some scale higher than the Pixel XL. And that mow to 4G the 2,007-dollar device is the most edge doughed in terms of number of cores. So what is JavaScript ten times slower of that Moto 4G than it is on my 2700 MacBook Pro? What the heck is going on? These things like core count doesn't predict anything, right is this at this point it's really hard to understand what's going on here, it's not the number of pixels that you push. The MacBook Pro hasn't very high density screen, the Pixel has a very high density screen. 400 dots per inch, they'll got GPU, flash based storage. If you think the 500-pound iPhone that you may be carrying with you is a stand in for a real device. You're not looking at groined truth. The top of the line and bottom of the line between the P ixel and the I classify performance and the Moto 4G is a different world epitirely. Worldwide foreigns are getting slower. More people can afford phones now. When they buy their first phone, they're not buying an iPhone or a Pixel, they're buying a hundred dollar, one hundred fifty dollar, two hundred dollar phone, maybe, wit h incentives and pay as you go plans. And the average network is getting slower, most people are coming on-line with 3G co nnections and think feel like 2G connections the thanks to carriers, let's not talk about cariers, it'll make us people sadder. This is some code, a benchmark that the Webkit team put together, called motion mark on my 15-inch MacBook Pro, Safari, Chrome, like we get roughly the same performance, sometimes we're faster, sometime s we're a lot faster, sometimes we're a bit slower. It's a graphic oriented benchmark, this is basically Apples to Apples on OS X, same version of chrome and run it on a Nexus A X and the desktop is 25 times faster, not cheeper, 300-dollar device, but this is dramatic, this is a huge difference. So, I changed just one thing and reran this benchmark a couple of times and got a significant faster result. I think you'll be interested to know what the run thing is, across a couple of runs I got it fifteen percent faster over all . What did I do differently with the same hardware and same version of Chrome. Is it magic? (Laughing) could be. But pro bably not. Instead magic isn't really a thing, right. Magic doesn't exist, instead it's science, what I did is I put this thing on an ice Preparing a democrat plait for a. My colleague victor sort of figured this out that this was the issue when he was trying to -- victor and his team were trying to figure out why we were getting these wildly varying results on mobile devices put the phone in a Fridbe and ran it again and got a significant faster result. What you're seei ng is thermal throatelling. The modern desktop style computer looks like this, there's going to be a heat synch a big chunk of copper or high lam numb sitting on top of a chip with a metal top and by between those two is a bit of paste. The same thing is true if you open up a MacBook Pro there's a fan that's evacwhiting heat out from a heat Sink, and sometimes you see these weird pipe things, copper pipes, that's what it is, we're trying to take heat away from the chip as fast as we possibly can. Copper moves heat away, fan s move the hate out of the area and continue to dissipate the heat out of the area. The result is that a desktop class chip like the one in my MacBook Pro, it can scale up to about 60 anothers of power dissipation. That's a lot of power. This is what 60-watts looks like if you hold it in your hand, you would get very uncomfortable quickly I've tried this, you probably aren't going to be dissipating 60-watts in your hand, in your phone, that's going to be very uncomfortable. Heat transfer, if the back of your phone felt like a lightbulb, you wouldn't use it for long. This is a major reason why mobile devices don't have desktop class performance. For the same process node and the same architecture, the same number of transistors, the CPU that porns more power into heat is the CPU that does more math, right. So we probably need to figure out a way to do a lot less math to turn a lot less power into heat if we're going to keep our hands from burning on a day-to-day basis. This is the inside of a Nexus 5 X, this is the one that gave up smoke a couple of weeks ago. I took it apart. This was my daily driver phone for a couple of years. The round circle where the vibrator, sorry that square cut out next to it is where the camera assembly goes, that's one of the hottest components in a phone, below that is the power supply, and on the other side of that power supply, on the same PC on the other side of it is the system on a chip, which is a CPU, GP U, base band processor, all that stuff. The memory and the radio all in one assembly. So let's flip it over, take a look at it. There's no thermal paste on top of that CPU there. That's interesting, there's also -- you'll note I had to think that little aism numb assembly off on the other side -- aluminum assembly off on the other side. The CPU module, it says Samsung on the top, but it's a Qualcomm chip. The CPU module is sitting underneath that Samsung chip, the Samsung chip is the RAM. Think about that for a second. To get heat out of the CPU to the outside world it has to go through one layer of ceramics and another layer of chip and another higher of ceramics to air, not assisted by anything else to draw it out, no fan, there's no fan anywhere probably in any phone you own, thank goodness, right. (Laughs) and this thing backs on to plastic, two layers of plastic. Two layer s of plastic, plastic is a terrible thermal conductor. Thermal conductivity of plastic is about a thousand times lower than aluminament right. So, so in order to preSeptember us from burning up our hands we have to make sure we don't run this thing to actually draw that much power. It can't do that much math. All this reminds me of a paper I read a couple of years back. If you have a few spare moments I recommend it highly. It wasn't perhaps intended to be a prophesy about mobile devices , but it is. It tells us why so many of the transistors that are now in the 8 cores that I'm carrying around on Moto 4G are dark, why they're not lit up and doing useful work for me. The reason is thermals and power. The reason everything is slow is this. I can hold 2700 MH hours in the Nexus happen battery or ten watt hours, roughly. Think about that in terms of powering a lightbulb, you get a couple of minutes light bulk out of it if you could draw that much current attaches, which you can't it would probably blow up battery. Insert exploding phone jokes here. This is the primary limiting constraint on a mobile device. This thing has to boyar the but tooth radio, the NFC radio, the cell radio, WiFi ra dio, chips and screen and you want it to last all day. On som ething that can't power a lightbulb for more than a couple of minutes. So everybody has an incentive to make sure that you actually aren't cloaking the C PUs very high. You're not draw ing that much power. And it's much more complicated than this. These days what you're seeing is big little architecture inside the phone, there's a couple of big cores they have deeper pipelines, more trance sister, more cache, not as much as the iPhone, the iPhone has 4 MB of L 3 cache 3 MB of L 2 cache. My MacBook Pro has 6 MB of L 3 cache. I think the part that's in the Moto 4G might have a MB of L 2 and L 3 cache total . Spending tower and spending track situation on power is a big dale and you don't want to do very much of it. So these day s we're aggressively moving comp utation out to the middle core, slower power more frequently cores, they're much more ef ficient. The amount of power you burn at frequency ask non-lin ear, if you scale frequency in the modern conductor, you burn more and more power per gig a hearts over time as it scales up. So schedulers do a bunch of things to make sure it works out . They try to aggressively move work around. They have a lot of different strategies for this. Your phone is going to use something like clustering or if it's very clever it'll have multiple ways of thinking about each of those individual chips powering them up and down and moving work between them. We're finally getting to energy aware scheduling. Touch boost is w here you put your finger down and the phone spins all the CPUs up as fast as it can, the big ones to give you the ability to animate stuff very quickly. As soon as it thinks it can it spin s it all right back down. Now the normal way this you load a webpage looks like waiting on ne twork to do some stuff, couple of seconds later you get the body of stuff you have to start processing. You might have scal ed the CPU back down by the time you get the bunking back. When you launch an App we spend a lot of time or OS' spend a lot of time to make sure that App l aunches quickly. So they are primed to give you a lot of j uice at the moment you decide to launch a new activity or new application. The web doesn't work that way. Our schedulers work against the web's basic workload or at least the way we built them until today. And benchmark eting is really a thing. You'll see benchmark eting floating around this processor is almost as fast as a desktop, maybe, but you can't keep it spun up very long. You will have to scale it right back down again. Or else you're going to hold a lightbulb in you r hand. Right. So, all this should make us sad. But it's worse than that, storage isn't actually this good either. When you look at the read performance on the MacBook Pro, I get about 2 GB per second -- transfer across the storageM It can only get 400 mHz. What's going on? In Ssd's, pararallelism is king. T he lacen cy is low. The throughput is on the amount of chips. They are all going to have a particular size for each of the packets that they are storing. You can get a lot more read through put if you have a fast bus. On the Nexus there isn't a lot of space for extra chips. Nlc or Tlc. Cells on top of cells. 3D chips are popular for storage. They allow you to pack more transis tors, lower power. But that penalizes you in parallalism. E verything feels much slower. If you read large chunks of conte nt. The controllers aren't as good. You don't have as much free memory, power. The file sys tems are optimized to some degree. Basically, when you think about mobile, it is about the same speed as spinning metal . Okay. Then there is mobile net works. You can check out High pe rformance networking. Mobile net works hate you. They hate your guts. They don't like Tcp. The way you use them. If you are on 3G especially. They have wild va riance underneath, your high lev el propotocol stack. It is not tuned to understand. The control algorithms, built into the cur rent Tcp, doesn't work well with a physical layer we are assu ming. We see wild variance in packet loss. Simulated networks don't really explain. A 4G user isn't a 4G user most of the time . You may be spending seconds to get the first package across the wire. This is really bad. Okay. I think is only reaso nabl e to be tnable to be sad about it. We need to do things fundamentally different. Of the OS and the underlying networks and capabilities. We need to load less script, better, we have to do work on demand and able to meet the CPU when it is spun up. So, Paul Lewis characte rized this in a couple of graps hs. We have these JS bundles and feel very slow if you render block with them. And you feel you have waste time at the front. When it evaluates, you get a fast application. This is okay, because people have these instant applications. Maybe your interaction app is not very lar ge. You are probably going to bail if it takes longer than a couple of seconds to get there. There is something clever. I'm going to use universal JavaS cript. And then I'll load that giant pile of JS. That only works if you actually get the JS loaded quickly enough. You tap the glass and nothing happens. Maybe we can scroll. But if you tap on it and doesn't work I submit to you as a web develop er, your thing is broken. It is broken. Doesn't work. This does n't work. What we want is some thing that looks like this. Load and run things. At the time we want to interact with them. We want quick interactivity. And we don't want to be paying for stuff we are not using. This is why Prpl is so important. They delay view loading to the view transition moment. So, this is the shop app, you have seen a few times on a desktop class ma chine. We have seen the story before. That's good. 200ms JS. It is 10x slower on a mobile phone. Here we are interactive on 1.75 seconds. This thing is a mazing. And it is 1.3 seconds of JS overall. If you look at the right, all slices are chunked. I was interactive at the end of the yellow slug. I was faster. I n the way they do small chunk ing. They allow the browser and platform schedule work. So, the other thing about the Prpl pat tern is that it adds service worker. We were trying to solve offline. We were. The thing I'm excited about is reliable per formance. The Prpl and Polymer give you the ability to respond for navigation out of the cache. You never have to wait for the resource control to spin up the radio, to go do J dns and Http handshaking to give you content. You can pull it out of the local cache. It can be faster. This is why service work workers matter. This is data from this year's year. It is a long tail. Network suck. That dark green, that's with the service worker. It moves all of the work to the front of the pack. That's rel iable performance. Where we have to be in order to build comp elling native competition mobile apps on the web. How do you fight back? Implement Prpl. Yesterday it was Rpl. Get as far as you can. Load things you need for the current route. Ins tall a service worker. Break up your work for the best of your ability. Push if you can. And then go by 150$ phone if you can. Medium prized unlocked dev ice and use Chrome inspect to see how it works. Use Lighthouse . It will tell if it is PWA and has an increasingly good set of tools. You can take traces from it. Use Chrome Telemetry if you have continuous integration. I hope. And devtools network and Cpu throthing is important. Le t's have a quick look. This is the UI. I plug in a phone that has been unlocked for USB debug ging. I get a view of this. I go to the network tab tab. Regular 3G is a good starting place. If I go back to the timeline. I should be able to hit control R. Select also capturing the paint stuff. It will start recording, running this thing. There is re cording overhead. The mobile net work is better tha . I have a trace. And I can ins pect it. Start to look at where things actually show up. You ha ve seen Paul and Sam navigate. You can go back to the video's how best to learn about all of the things causing to be fast or slow. The most important is I can right click and save it and send it to the team mates and start to understand the perform ance over time. Okay. We can t hen go back into the Chrome in spector and load it back up. Any Chrome devtools can load. I save this one to the desktop. Let's go there. Great. And slow ly, from yesterday, loads it back up. There we are. On any computer with devtools I can see how this perforrms on a real de vice. This is awesome. There is also Chrome tracing. For Tracing, Inspect. It is a powertool. It is the thing that browser engineer to diagnose the performance. When I use Chrome inspect?Tracing, it gives the t racing. It is a powertool. Lets you see every process. and every thing that is happening. They talk to eachother over IPC. We are going to ask you to take a trace for your application and we'll dig in using this. It works the same way. I refresh the shop app. I stop the trace. Can explore it. It feels like a videogame. Select things and s hows what happens. The important part is that you can save your traces and you can load them back up. This is everything. Chrome is doing. Basically. It will show you the Cpu usage. The resources I have. And this is what is happening in the rende ring process. We can select an a rea and see what is taking so long. Parsing, and richer set of instrumentation. Lighthouse is amazing. Please use it. Please g o install it. And thank you so much for making fast websites that are reliably performant. (applause) - Awesome. All right. How are you doing?, good? Good. All right. We are at the tail end. That was a super interesting talk. I haven't seen that talk before the event. That was, how many of you saw the Marsian? That was super cool. We are g oing to do a panel now. Monica mentioned earlier to ask tweet questions.@ #askpolymersummit. We have microphones there and there. Please welcome Justin, s oftware engineer on Polymer. Wendy, product manager on Poly mer. Monica, software engineer. Steve, and Matt, director of Chrome. Give them a hand. (applause) Some good twitter questions in here. All right. So, remember if you have questions, come up and line up at the microphone. We will start with Twitter ques tions. This is a few that are related. Basically, Alex gave a good talk on the importance of H tml imports. A lot wonder. It seems there is disgreemagreement across different browsers about important Html. Imports or modu les. Where are these things go ing? Could you address these 2 issues? Where are imports headed and how you reconcile that with modules? - I can start. I mentioned it a little bit yesterday. Like Rob said, all the components are well on the way. Except Html imp orts are on hold. It is imple mented in Chrome, but on hold. And really that's because we are waiting for the ES6 modules to land in browsers. And to be im plemented. it's kind of a funny story the way is this hyperinsulinismed, a nd ES6 modules landed, other browsers thought the specs are far along they'll be here any minute and we can wait to decide on how to implement and maybe take advantage of the ES6 module . We'll wait. Turns out, like these specs tend to sometime do, take a little bit longer to settle in to place with the ES6 modules. As the ES6 module di scussion was happening, at least in conversation we'd been having across browser vendors, there's more attention back on HTML imports particularly as a per formant primitive. With HTML imimportants you get to take advantage like Alex was saying all these great built in platform browser optimization do background parsing, to key up all the requests in an efficient way. We've been seeing HTML im ports could be a per performance primitive. One thing we're optimistic about as ES6 modules come together in ice a great o pportunity to marry HTMLel import mechanism, autolyze loadtion HTML, with the ES6 modules, potentially even along the lines of HTML module that would interoperate perfectly with ES6 modules. So we've seen some experiments in this space and we're really excited about it. Roughly, I think it's fair to say that everyone is general ly on board with the idea the need to load HTML primitive with HTML how does it interface with ES6 modules and we have some pretty good ideas around that. >> Looks like we have an audience question. Really quick for all audience questions, I'm going to ask one favor of you please be considerate of those that might want to ask a question also. Please know I have a multi-part question, one A of 7 style questions. Having said that, sir, you there. >> My name's Dillon, I work for best buy Canada, we're currently considering Polymerment we were wondering if you had any advice for transitioning your large applications in the past into modular Web Components. >> I'm going to repeat the question really quick. Do you all have any advice for tran sitioning your large existing application over to using something like Polymer? >> I'll take that one. We've seen customers do this before where they have inside Google we have like I don't know a dozen different frameworks that people use, and when they start using Polymer sometimes they work from the leaves up. And they'll say, oh, I want to use the outcome Material Design components because they need to be Material Design compliant. And they keep working up from the leaves using buttons and inputs and like, oh, I have this thing that uses built tons and input I'll make it Polymer, eventually they just don't stop and they do all the way to the top. I think when you get with the framework you have and Web Components that's a good way to go. >> I think the bottom up and not stopping also applies to a lot of products we've been shipping recently as the Polymer team. The poly per App toolbox, the shop demo, we have a fablings siting demos that are similar to the shop App on the way. It's a great idea to start, the poly CLI, it builds right out of the box, a Progressive Web App right out of the box. You can have something quickly within two or three days to show an executive and convince them this is a great experience we can achieve. Similarly we're seeing some people start there and continue with that template until it becomes the full application. So similar idea, starting with what we've got as a starter template and then expanding there there. With things like the PRPL pattern, really their scalability scalability becomes kind of by default because PRPL there's so much emphasis on lazy loading as you add pages to the application that's no emphasis on that load, if you're constructing with these template s if they're built that way by default. Start with a prototype face with a new bottom up time App and see how far you can get. >> This is a fun question, I would like to make the panel squirm a little bit. When will Polymer 2.0 be released as production ready? >> I can take that one. Fist off we have this plan, it was well throughout out for the last twelve minutes to bring the 360 vie VR camera on stage, give i t's own spot call it Blinky and throw all the hard question to it. At the last minute it didn't work out, so we came up here. I think the plan is roughly around January to have that come out with the Elements and everything,er it will come out when it's ready (Laughing) but you know, we had a stretch goal to try to get it done for the Summit, that was tongue in cheek . I didn't want to tell Steve until kind of late. Until they really started getting stressed out. But, yes, the idea would be the next couple of months, the holly days add at least another month to that, that's the plan. >> One more thing to'd is that, so I mean, just, we are in preview mode now, and I mean, I think we were in Polymer 1 we got to a phase of Polymer 1's development where it became hard to change things because of the need to not break people. And, you know, based on your feedback on the preview, we're sort of in a nice period where we're still trying to maintain b ackward compatibility with Polymer 1, we have a bit more wiggle room. Please play with Polymer 2 and give feedback so we can make it the best we can. >> Steve was deaf yous, he can realize that he could say on camera about when it's going to come out that's less ambitious. April April 2517, coming to a computer near you. >> Absolutely as soon as possible. >> You could be a manager. ( Laughing). >> Okay, so I have another question, this is one we get a lot. I would say this is like sixty percent of all questions are this question. What about using Polymer with ... insert framework here. Okay. (Laughing) Reacts, Angular, whatever. What about using Polymer with other frameworks: Robb do you want to take that one. >> I think we have to throw that to Blinky (Laughing). >> I listened today lore's keynote yesterday and what he told me was you don't have to throw out your framework. >> That's right. >> Because Polymer is based on standards it will work with your framework. >> Yes, that's right. Thank you. >> Yes, we get the question all the time, this is one of the big promises of Web Components to have a web standard way to build component, frameworks continue have to bing a totally custom mo del like CSSSS encaptionlation. With Polymer 2, particular particularly, with all the things we've been doing to make it more interoperable, to strip away all the Polymer specific idiomatic things this you had to know that broke through that layer. So that a Polymer 2 Element is truly a Custom Element. It's going to be a lot , lot easier to interface Poly mer 2 Elements with existing framework. On the framework side as well it's been evolving and shifting to better support custom Elements, I think we'll see that more in the future from some of the big frameworks. Already there are existing kind of coupleers that make it really easy to use framework X with Polymer Element or web component , the Vaadin team was up here thiaminessed angular adapter, check that out, it makes it I'm less to work with Elements insid e on Angular application. A lot of solutions that already exist. Polymer is making it easier to happen. I think this'll be the continued oaring of Web Components towards seamless interoperability. We're on our way there. >> And reminder again, we have these microphones if you want to ask questions, don't be shy. All right, another question we have is, we heard -- we had partners here, heard from a number of partners they ran into situations where they had had too many components you now, so is having a "my App" Element still a viable approach, when is the right time to create a component. That's a few question s all jammed together there, sorry. >> Sure. I can handle that I guess. So. , I think this is a hard question to answer because as with many things there's not really one size fits all. I think it's perfectly fine to have one Element that defends your application, if you're using the PRPL pattern deliver ing a small buttede bundle, it'll downed lowed and render quick the resources. That's straightforward. In my talk I emphasized that focusing on very specific, you know, high frequency Elements you want to make as fast as you possibly K having reasonable goals for those, and being careful in those Elements, and actual hi got some feed babbling, which was that the thing I was saying do less and be lazy actually sounded really hard. So one thing I can say about that is that because we're using Web Components the good news is that the hard work that anyone does is that anyone can leverage that seems potentially good to me, as long as someone figures out how to make a thing fast we can all benefit from it. I think there's a lot of really specific questions that go with -- that kind of have to be answered in the context of your application. But from a performance perspective, I think just keep ing in mind that sort of the cost of the Element should match the task that you're trying to have it do. So ... you know where you need to make a lot of things, make them as cheep as you can. >> One thing you can think about it is creating a Custom Element isn't free, you have a tiny bit of cost with every Custom Element you have, if you're go ing to make a Custom Element to wrap a span, that's not worth it you can just put a class on that span, especially if you're going to rePete the span, if it 's a sizable amount of DOM it's hard to style it, copy paste it is really annoying, that's a good place to put a cuss Polymer Element in there. >> Luckily we didn't say everything is an Element so we didn't encourage that. >> We never did that. >> All right we have a question back here, sir. >> This isn't exactly a Polymer question, but, it's future centric and relates to our stuff that we do. What's with web assembly is this when does that arrive in the real world and what goodies do we, can we expect from that? Maybe perhaps related to Web Components and Polymer? >> I'm scanning the room for V 8 people, there's one right behind. >> Right behind you. >> I don't think we really know up here, web assembly doesn't impact, I don't think it has direct access to the DOM right now. If you're writing a game, yeah. >> You found us person he's hunting him down (Laughing) there in the back corner. Standing up. >> Time to move on. This is a good question. They pink me and they're like I want to make a thing like paper input. >> Don't, don't do that. As I've been doing a lot of accessibility work, input gives you a lot in terms of Accessibility. The question is how do you leverage semantics when you're writing what component, if you're trying to write something like input, and there are reasons to perhaps wrap some of these components, how do I leverage existing see man ticks inside of a Custom Element that I'm creating, I think that would be a good question for Monica. >> What do you mean exactly by leveraging existing see man tick s. >> If you were to redo something like paper input how would you do that? >> Paper input in particular is enormous, it's a Hydro with 17 heads, so it should be 17 sub Elements instead. Because it wraps and input in it's Shadow DOM it has to channel all of the properties this you could set on an input and sort of expose them to the paper input itself. So we have a behavior for that which basically defines every single property that input has that paper input could have. Which isn't great. But, if that's the thing that you want to do, you can do that. The reason why I'm saying paper input shouldn't be like it is, it should be something like paper text input, paper number input, and you can only have three or four of these existing properties that needs to pass down to the input. I don't know if it answers your question. >> Sounds about right. >> This is sort of tan genital. We try to mimic in our custom Element what the platform choses to do. Paper text Bob, for example, it doesn't look like input type equals check box, it has, it's called Paper-Checkbox, but it has the same sort of, it has a checked attribute, it has a fairlyier question value where it's on or empty, because that's what the input type p eople check box does, we'd like it you could replace wherever input type people check box and have the same semantics without you being freaked out about that . >> And that's, honestly I feel it's a thing a lot of developers overlook is semantics and how they relate to Accessibility. Which is about, a lot of people are like, well, I don't know if I have users that need this. It 's about a billion people worldwide that have some form of disability. And so if you are creating a widget that already has an existing analog in the platform, you really node to make sure you're adding back in all of the semantics and the proper Accessibility and keyb oard support and stiff like that if you're not going to use the existing platform Element. Which is why I often tell people just use "button" it seems so simple, it does a lot for you. There's a lot of stuff you don't want to add in that you'll have to if you mode to turn that into a Custom Element. Your can do it my friend Eric Bidelman did a talk at the PWA dev Summit on exactly how to do that. It's a great talk you should check out. Remember the platform is trying to help you and give you stuff. When we say use the platform means leverageing Vanilla HTML if you can. >> Just real quick. I just want to come back quickly to the is in V1 Custom Elements. This is one way you could in the V0 Custom Elements leverage exist ing semantics here. And doing it yourself with implementing all the Accessibility is hard, so I mean we, on the team, basically really like this idea of is, and it's still in the spec, and probably implemented in Chrome a nd we're arguing for it. It may evolve, kind of one of these things, this is why we're not recommending using it going for ward for now, support may evolve . I think that's general agreement this is incredibly available to be able to leverage these capabilities but the exact way that it happens is tricky and there's some nasty things about "is" we engage directly with the old legacy built in Elements like input, and input uses a shadow root, you can't add your in, there's a lot of tricky stuff there. There's still, I think a little bit of a growing pain here, hope fully it will evolve relatively quickly. >> Fight for the people to get "is Commonwealths back, don't worry. >> We have a couple of questions , just moment this is a question we get asked, the second most popular question. I really want you all on stage to answer this . How does SEO work with Custom Element can Shadow DOM Elements be seen by a search engine. >> He actually answered one of the audience's question. >> Nice. >> Yes. So, we do get this question a lot. >> It's 23409 a yes or no. >> Yes is the answer. The short answer is SEO Polymer, Web Components is no different than any other Front-End JavaScript framework you work with period. Right now no web crawler that I know of actually natively supports Shadow DOM, so it's not a question of actual shadow roots you need a web crawler to see the page, include the Polyfill, any way, right now it 's irrelevant. And now that Web Components are in the spec, I highly, highly expect that anyone who might build a web crawler for search would very likely look inside the shadow roots as it's part of the HTML specs and used across browser. >> I think the most important thing to acknowledge is crawlers run JavaScript. Right. I don't know if everybody knows that that, the crawler will reppedder your page internally as it goes. >> Exactly. >> Blowing post on the Google master Blog, I don't have the UR L on the top mind, from about a year ago the team said yes, the Google crawler does run Jav aScript for a brief while again st your page. >> You can zig up that Webmaster Blog post it's in there. Which would give you time to bootstrap some koar components. >> For obvious reasons I can't go into too much detail as to how these web crawlers work or indexers work, I highly recommend if you're skeptical about how your site is getting indexed I highly recommend the fetch as Google tool, which is part of the Webmaster tool set and what yes can do, go in, give it the URL of your page and see how Google's crawler seeses your page. Recommend you do that , you can make sure it shows up the way you expect. Another nice little tip is the site query is a very available query to use . So if you're skeptical that Polymer based, my App apps get p icked up by the criminaller go to Google right now and view if source of shop you'll just see one tag and that's it. That's the entire DOM, if you site crawl in query you see eel see that everything gets picked up. I highly suggest you do that. >> You have patiently been standing, so you go next. >> Hi, I'm Sam. I'm from brain lab and my question is about supporting old browsers in particular like explorer. Is it still a plan or ... feasible? >> We support IE 112 and edge. >> We stylish pert 10 a bit too (. >> Hmmmm ... do we? ... >> So monofy cameoed that noise audibly, Steve made a much worse noise this his head (Laughing). >> We want to end support for 10. >> We do not list IE 10 as supported on the Polymer web site, if you have checked it recently (Laughing). >> So, yes, so, tick anyically -- IE 11 up is supported. We used to support EO so until Microsoft end of life with most of Microsoft platforms, if Microsoft is going to end it, probably a good time for us too. The reason being IE 10 support because of some flakiness in some features it adds a lot of complexity to the Polyfills, so that's why we're on the fence here is that for most cases everything should work fine, you might see a touch of flakiness which can be fixed, is that worth it for your set of users that happen to still be on IE ten that's the all right, over here, question. >> I'm from PG software. I have a question about folly per tool leverage a lot of ES6 syntax in my project we're using a let of -- and everything so we would want to make more custom builds I saw yesterday you're using the better syntax and you're add ing the Service Worker by -- it would still be able to add if Service Worker and work on Polymer too? >> Yes, there's a couple way we want to integrate compilation in the work flow, one is the poll ly build library the reason it's the way it is is to plug-in Babel or something in the pipeline in the appropriate place. It turns out that the type of compilation that Babel does to output ES five generally preserve the ability for the analyzer to recognize there's an Element there. There's some cases where it isn't true if you're using TypeScript with decorators. So our general approach is that like if you want to run analysis on your program, you want to do that before you've compiled it to make sure you're looking at your original source. We're adding a compile flag to the CLI to give you a default, good compilation via Babel. And we're going to add the ability for that to pick up the Babel RC file out of your project and take what seatings you need there. In general it should play nice. In the Service Worker what we determine needs to be in the Service Worker is to dependency graph, that's not changed by Babel. There shouldn't be any problems there. >> Okay. Thanks. >> All right I have a question for our product manager Wendy and Taylors what can nonagingers do to get feedback and issue for Polymer and Polymer Elements . I file an issue, how come it 's not fixed. >> You can e-mail me personally it's Taylor zoophage at (L aughing). >> Thanks Matt. >> Well, first of all, we really appreciate when you do submit feedback, thank you everyone who does that already. It's a big reason why we're open source we love getting the feedback and PR from other people. A lot of our channels on slack we have tools channels they're smaller, generally, tools related, Justin , Fred, Peter, they're in this. Woe have some other channels up there. Usually we're on general pretty frequently. If you have a question yes might want to stick that in there and get information, contact us on Twitter. There's a bunch of ways . If you find like it's a pretty regular thing, feel free to bug us and we'll get back to you or try to. >> Yeah, the best way, by far, t o get quick response own a bug is make it a really really good bug. Meaning detailed Repro, if can get to it, example of even a JSBIN that shows us what the bug, actually failing. Those help us triage we know that's not going to be a ton oaf overhead digging down to the root cause. It helps us also get a feel for how serious you are about getting this bug fixed in a sense. How much it's impacting your project if it's worth putting that together. Obviously we get a ton of bugs on the Polymer project across our Polymer library our Elements dozens of tools. I really do wish we had infinity engineers t o fix all the bugs all the time. And we are, fortunately, back ed by Google which allows us to awesome resources. When it comes down to it, we are still a small team of just people. >> And we have hundreds of Repositories -- it's really hard to manage. Yeah, so we do our best. We really do appreciate issues that come in. We're always looking for better ways, better processes to triage and get bugs fixed. And we e specially appreciate the really detailed bugs. >> If you're nervous about send ing us PRes, we really like them , even if you're not confidence in your fix, I have an idea, it may not be great we'll work with you to improve your PR, it's much easier than us to work from something. >> I think we've been doing a lot of things are the team, having our own catalog, things that have gotten in the way of the ecosystem, so I think you're going to see us very, very soon, step one was just the beta of Web Components.org, getting out of the way and allow ing the community to thrive and respond to things better too. >> Theyl savage at Gm ayeil.com. >> Sorry dude. >> Trey lour.savage atgmail.com. >> You know who Paul Irish is. >> Call Paul on github. >> Neighbor the best advice would be Schema.org for the time being. >> What was the question. >> Note a question. Just remark with regard to CSCO so maybe Schema.org is the answer for the time being. My real question is about inputs and Shadow DOM forms because when you have fields inside shadow roots forms doesn't -- foundation breaks. D oes it truly work, really work maybe I have to put everything in light DOM. >> The question is native form Element, I want to put Custom Elements inside, that does not work WTF me. >> Do you know anyone that knows about this? I don't know. >> My question, get out of my way. >> So, this is a seven part answer, no. I just did a pollly kit, the outtakes you saw this morning were from me trying to record two Polycast exactly that using Polycasts in custom forms , the punch line is you can either copy the value you want to hit with input, the form only cares about the input tag at the moment, that's baked in the parser, kind of hard to change. So either you copy your value to an input, or you put the input into the light DOM. You have to copy the value to the input if you want to use a native form. We're working hard to change the spec in this. The problem is that it's not a spec changing problem as much as it's literally baked in the parser, the parser will see a form and only look for input tags and changing that isn't exactlyel s traightforward. Blink engineers have a panic attack when you tell them about changing the parser. I'm desperately trying to add spec to this to make inputs. To make you be able to get input functionality. Again E equal attribute helps with this you can extend the input tag and make the Custom Element basically fake the input tag which would make it work with forms. >> All right, we have one minute left so we're going to go lightening round here. I want to get to more of the audience question, but this one question is pretty important. How long will Polymer 1.0 be maintained now that Polymer 2.0 is a thing. What do you all think about that? >> As long as it needtion to be. >> Whe. >> Remember it's Taylor savage a t -- >> Taylor, you know this is reported right (Laughing) I hope we made it clear throughout the conference how much we care about upgrades and up freed paths and upgrade cycles and making it as easy as possible to upgrade. We feel the pain on Polymer team, we see it through out the ecosystem, we really taken that seriously with Polymer 2 and all the tooling around it and the hybrid mode and the documentation that's coming. We hope that tup grade from Polymer 1 to Polymer 2 is fairly straightforward. Certain ly not, I know many people mentioned about being around from the 0.5 to 1.5 um grade which is one of the lessons we learned hard. I encourage everyone to upgrade as son as possible. We expect Polymer 1.0, it's a huge dependency inside of Google itself. We're on the hook for supporting it for at le ast many b months, years to come. >> I have one tiny addition to that. With the V1 Web Components be support in the Polymer 1.0? >> That's not currently planned. But you know, based on feedback we'll see. >> Yeah, yeah. So that's kind of more gets to when would the threshold for V0 usage get low enough in Chrome. Chrome shipped it, other browsers have not shipped it. So it's really a question of, it's still baked in Chrome, V1 is also in Chrome side by side, you can use them on the same page in terms of Web Components totally fine. Really this won't matter unless the user gets to such a low point that Chrome can take it out su pport for it entirely which would be fairly well in the future. >> And just a technical note, one thing to be clear, the V1 specks are not hugely different but they're different enough that frankly having both in play on the same page did just not something that makes sense to really contend with. So kind of having Polymer 1 have this mind set of having to deal with Virginia 0 and V1 V0 and V1. >> Okay, we are overtime, but I would like to take one last audience question because you've been standing patiently. If you tweet at@polymer Summit I will try to answer all of those on Twitter. >> Rob you know this is recorded right is this that's fine. >> Yes, you. I am Maxim from Canada we talked a lot about performance optimizationnd a I would like to know is the PRPL meant to replace DOM policety server side in server side run DOM? >> Wants to talk about server side rendering. >> I think service side render ing is a really interesting question, we need to look at how it actual hi relates to -- how it actually relates to pushing less for your actual render, itches talking to some engineers who work on another framework, framework X service side rendering is like data compression, a component is like a compression, you know, using a component is like using a compressed format of your definition, it should be cheeper to use the component than expand everywhere elsewhere you use it. Service side rendering is like decomb pressing the data accepting uncome pressed day the over the wire and recompressing once it gets to the browser this should be bad. It should be faster to accepted your decompression your c omponent definitions and get it down there. This engineer said yeah, once we split up our application, only sending what was needed for the first route it was faster than service side rendering. I city our challenge with Web Components is that we don't have an existing service side rendering solution we can compare against. It certainly seems likely to me with the PRPL pattern and if you're rendering as son as you possibly can with the minimal resources for the route that it's going to beat service side rendering and give you a less complicated set up and server. So, we need to measure it to be sure, but that's my hunch. >> Thank you for that question. All right. That is all of our time, please give a round of applause to our lovely panelists . (Applause) now, I'll leave the stage, I'm going to turn it over to Matt McNulty. >> Matt: All right, so this is going to be one more minute. So first of all I just want to thank you guys, all of you, bec ause you've been a tremendous audience, you're in your seats another exactly the right time, only two people forgot their badges. We won't call them out specifically (Laughing) and there's almost know drop off from day one today two, and that's super, super important for us because we do this for you. This is a tremendous amount of work, as you can sigh there's a lot of people involved in this, there's a lot of planning going on, we've been doing rehearsals for unGodly a mount of times, I've heard wall of this six times before. It's all worth it because you're enjoying it and having a good times, I keep saying guys, I should not do that. There's two people I want to kale out specifically to show what a great audience you are. I won't call them out by name because we don't have it. Two people flu in from Iceland yesterday and through a variety of planes trains and automobiles only got here two hours atwo. So we started off registration again got their badges printed out and got them here. Big round of applause for them. Wherever you are (Applause) so thank you very , very much, this has been awesome, it's just great to have people here and finally get this out there for everyone to see. We have sort of two things we still need you to do. There is a survey already in your inb ox, this real hi helps us improve and figure out what we need to cover next year, what we need to do better, what we've done really well, it's very important, please do your best to take care of that. The other thing is just use Polymer, talk about it, share the talks you saw today, build something, build components U. go on slacker news and deal with that (laughing) so which you know, I can't ask you to do that really. That's too much to ask of anyone. Except Justin occasional ly. They all laughed. But any way, thank you so, so much. What's the survey. I'm sure I'm forgetting something, thank you very much, I'll be here for a little bit and see you (Applause | Chrome for Developers | UCnUYZLuoy1rq1aVMwx4aTzw | 2016-10-18 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | detection | en | 46,047 | 245,174 |
1EDU7gXMi3Q | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1EDU7gXMi3Q | The Death of Woke Gaming | have you made the mistake of enjoying the games you've been playing even going so far as to have fun while doing so you should be ashamed and multiple times a day at that but only if you can slide it in between the moments that you should have dedicated to feeling guilty for numerous things that are entirely out of your power to control or change including but not limited to your race your gender your orientation where you may be geographically situated and how much better you have it than people who live other places and not just right now but how much better you have it than people at other points in history you see I believe you should be kneeling bowing your head and engaging in a moment of silence for the complete duration of the time you've allotted to play games and every game is a missed opportunity to advocate for social justice and increase the visibility of marginalized people and social injustice because racism and sexism bad and anything that doesn't align with that brave and aggressive message is a distraction if you don't think every game should have mandatory ugly women with flat chests and race swapped characters so dimwits who need to see exactly themselves are represented then you're actually a bigot and you should be canceled as a transgender woman myself who happens to be a developer of a game that you've never heard of and an activist I view every scantily clad woman as an over sexualized reinforcement of harmful stereotypes that imply only natural women can be pretty and as an ally I seek diversity inclusion which can only be achieved by entirely excluding attractive women distracting and it's not because I'm jealous of the attention that I'll never be able to get as a transgender woman it's not competition to me I just need them gone because they're distracting from the progressive message either you say trans rights and agree with me and my Progressive mentality or you're a bigot and you should be canceled I'm making a list of Hogwarts Legacy players that happens during a Jewish girl I'm the good guy I mean gal and I won't stop until I hypocritically censor everything I specifically don't like hot shirtless guys are totally fine but big-breasted women are completely unacceptable and as a transgender woman nothing gets my [ __ ] harder than exerting control over those stupid women who already have too much I'm vegan and you will not be consuming any more meat if you go to Chick-fil-A that means your anti-lgbt and if you plague that Hogwarts Legacy game so help me God you're no longer an ally you turf I am deciding how your games will be even though I'm not who they are for and you will pay for them not once but battle passes and microtransactions of ugly characters and you'll like it because if you don't do you know it I'll say about you on the internet my name is Kyle and if you're the type of Ed Boon [ __ ] Buffalo billing in the mirror hoping you pass while hypocritically finding blood and gore fine but suddenly too prissy for TNA you deserve every financially devastating blow that you receive you didn't care about the fans Gamers or consumers whose income are why you exist but you will care when your investors make you answer for your stupidity in 2015 you were telling us bad movies cannot be bad we were just sexist in 2019 Mortal Kombat developers said that if you have a problem with Jack attacks using time travel to make the world woke his words and having white men bow to him then you're not a fan in 2022 Saints Row reboot developers claim that if people negatively review their buggy broken game then they are quote terrorists end quote because responding haters can hate to criticism wasn't enough this is Street Fighter's Cami and unlike Sushi Squad turning their only woman character into an ugly and pathetic shadow of her former self in an always online looter shooter where you shoot the purple weak spots players who have never played a fighting game before have decided to pick Street Fighter up satisfy your fans money printing brand get woke go broke hello beta testers the return of beautiful women to video games is a sign of the industry finally healing for over a decade insecure art sensors that called themselves designers poisoned well but once universally satisfied with their woke poison this emphasis on political correctness and inclusivity over artistic freedom it's just a trend that of course is now swinging back in the other direction this uncensored artistic vision is now being realized and we are seeing a revitalization of this industry for far too many years flat-chested Cairns and Anita boyfriend types were squawking online about how big titty lady just is the worst thing for the industry because it's an over sexualization as if covering up all the women would just lead to the Utopia that they've been dreaming of the funny part is the same transgender people that are boycotting Hogwarts Legacy to no effect incredibly bizarre since they aren't even interested in purchasing these projects uh recently their push for more inclusive and diverse representation in video games has led to the creation of more useless poorly written and frankly embarrassing takes that are akin to for or spoken Saints Row reboot or any CW Show that's been canceled after a season or inexplicably too the problem of course is when all of this compromises the overall project when these things come at the expense of Storytelling or providing something engaging and satisfying that might stick with people and maybe most importantly leaving people wanting more of course we're seeing a shift away from stagnation game developers are once again able to create characters that are visually stunning without having to worry about offending anyone they are going to push the industry forward and showcase what their technology can do because more time passes things should look better not bizarrely worse I applaud ugly people wanting to make everything in their image but stupid developer woke designer have the self-awareness to understand that just because you don't eat meat doesn't mean you should impose that on everyone most importantly when you've microtransactions to sell either admit you fail right off the bat to any Eastern or mobile game or actually put something appetizing appealing and satisfying in there because if you're imposing restrictions on yourself you never were and never will be an artist what's wrong with you we get that you're ugly inside and out but why thrust that into your work surely you're capable of better surely you're capable of more and with all of that virtue signaling because of diversity and inclusivity weird how it seems to omit the pretty girls which you do out of jealousy because as far as you're concerned they have enough I have trans friends who pass and you know who doesn't give them validation that's what you people are Petty and your time has passed | Cyael | UC5xsHsxabpOvm73YIEWd8fg | 2023-04-04 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 1,201 | 6,937 |
dCkWoZAeJBo | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dCkWoZAeJBo | GH Shocking Spoilers Dante announces Dex as his brother, offers a plan to protect Sonny | foreign [Music] ERS reveal that it's finally getting one of the big truths out of the way as Dante already knows dex's true identity and that's expanding even more of the tension the text himself has and Sonny's being able to get Dante's trying to uncover the dangerous actions Texas tried to commit but it seems that things are getting crazier and crazier if Dawn to himself had discovered the deadly actions that Dex could have done to Sunny it seems that the hatred is increasingly being pushed to Sunny by decks faster than ever and that's really expanding if Dante has discovered the biological relationship between Dex and sunny remember that Sunny has a relationship that he's been able to control and that's proving that Sonny's unexpected children are more than he imagined but it seems that Dante cannot imagine that the stress that Dex can do to Sunny is due to the extremely strong hatred for what Sunny has done to decks in the past remember that Dante now has enough evidence to prove that it is Dex whose Sony's Lost Child and that's living Dante not knowing what to do next with this brother hopefully Dante's trying to do everything he can to protect Sunny from possible dangers but there's also an even more surprising thing if Dante himself is wanting some restraint on dex's family members when Sunny can secure one of the surprises in terms of benefits that Dex has can be obtained but it seems that in the following days we are seeing that Dex is interfering with sunny and Spencer's relationship with the dangerous nickels could lead to it seems like things are heating up even more if Texas eavesdropping on some interesting information about one of the bigger surprises if Tex is getting a chance to increase his new chances of winning can attack sunny but it's Dante who will issue new warnings for sunny and that's expanding even further the madness that Dante is able to prevent but when Dante is left with no other choice when it's publicly revealed that Texas Sunny's child things are expanding more and more than ever it's true that Michael's own rights can be taken away and that's causing one of the new Divergent thoughts that can be brought to bear on even more more explosive things than Dex can think when he's out that Sunny himself can bring a truce to this father and son that's making things more and more explosive if it is Dex and sunny who can turn to attack Michael faster than ever this is putting Michael in a new Danger [Music] | ROAD TO GH | UCvtRbepYqnTBJXzPIi6YY0A | 2023-01-25 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 442 | 2,475 |
xnS0f6oj9ns | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xnS0f6oj9ns | Fireteam Medic (NO.1 PHOENIX CRADLE SUPPORT/MEDIC BUILD!) Titan PvE Build - Destiny 2 | [Music] support bills in destiny okras is a rare quality for the many as I used it for a higher tech content such as waves or night falls are welcoming and imposed to be affected for keeping the whole team alive however they were easily overlooked as most content is cooked enough for pursuit role for them to flourish in plus DPS is the absolute key to avoid knives and game so will that being said can support he'll appeal still finish the game yes pun percent their users may be limited over DPS but their lassen effectiveness for games with content quickly and safety is remarkable and I'll show you how it is very effective bill 40 use cleans a run free to hear him and welcome back to another destiny to bill video for this week content I hope I think through my own event as today's build is coming out to those who want to support their teammates as best as possible while still providing a decent level dps in all content this will be a Titan focused build as we will be making for use of Defense Cradle exotic and fully decking out with the woman's cell walls are taught ik Han cannon and tons of grenades which will provide one the best fighting medic builds that a team can have on the hand so start things off the subclass of today's pack will be decoded the siege breaker so the class to make you 2d son sports and also maximize defense cradle exotic to his full potential now if you have been a longtime subscriber don't lurk on my channel then you should be aware of the built I did many months ago go Nova the main benefits and effectiveness that feels cradle and seat wake up earth offer in short when we activate also abilities of the song victors or more to a blast and get killed them we get a chance to proc a Sun SPOT VOD Sun warrior that provides a vast increase meant to our grenade and milling recovery and also allows us on SWAT to last longer and also increase the damage we to on this own is pretty great for pure DPS focuses bosses or clean out areas with too many mobs now combined is with the FPS cradle as other trait and you can single-handedly buff your whole teammates for the attack you the content you're in and we can also further increase the duration or some warrior but this will also affect all the teammates not just us as long as he passed through it bastard - no catch for all this to work and to benefit from unlimited power grenade and mini we gently disposal your teammates will need to just pass through your sunspots as well but don't worry if you can't do it via ability to a time as you can proc sunspot via Sun warrior via your weapons so your options are fairly open here for grenades all freaking any types can work well depending on what type of mob and contact you use them in for example the thermal names are great for that damaging duration for all content but our terrible maps are have uneven ground with the same being said for the incentive grenades as well with them being great for white and quick damage and infusion grenades are well 5050 they're great for single target but are not that great into the damage personally I will recommend you stick with thermite grenades for that damage undulation for the weapons we're gonna go with the aluminum in the famous lot with our secondary being the soda Marty retribution and happy being Eva a rocket launcher poor machine gun of choice with Lumina in the primary slot my role as a support focused counter can be increased further while still being able to put in a decent map dps against a minor or major the this hand cannon committed many others is quite unique with a solid trait of a new the ability to both heal and buff allies on yourself with a 35% damage increase month when the buff is active +1 collected noble rounds against a couple times 5 in your end so you can spam fire your teammates to give them a confident buff until it runs out unfortunately the buffs does not stack on top of each other and they just simply resets itself after each hit which still isn't that much a big issue with this fitting in the wall perfectly and with fields cradle also active we can guarantee that our team ultra second player can be the main damage dealer at all times secondly wise we have the Marty retribution grenade launcher which we will be using to create warming cells a VOD laugh of a sputum mod the weapon can be obtained anymore as it was a last season although I do believe it will be reintroduced again in the near future but there's no et as to when the weapon is perfectly clean that power points of ads in a singular path with this unique frame type I could do pretty well gains ultras and bosses though I would advise against it if you don't have that much of a choice like I mention it earlier will they combine with the RAF as I sputum mortar to pop one my cells be a service past damage you'll be guaranteed to proc cells this way if by tanks you don't have any ability energy left over and also when combined with the fire wall grenades you can amp up them out damage you do and carnage you do get a large usable ads on your own so really is a win-win situation for you my version now comes with the demolition is part which means I will get quitting and get back per kill and when combined with some warriors ability region you're going to stay very very toasty for the whole of your venture and then lastly your heavy was simply come down to either a walking launch of your choice but I TD will cost a bomb for extra damage or the seventh serve machine gun with an cartridge vopo or fill prep to because unless you're heavy should be a weapon that can output damage against bosses effectively and quickly as your primary secretary you won't have the capabilities to do so so instead of going is the simple grain of what many other players tend to choose such as grenade witches with spike needs why not go something like a rocket launcher with tracking and cluster or the 21% delivery machine gun which I do recommend you try and going doubt or even a simple sword is really good for PvE damage now for the stats we're going to cover four areas this time as we can be flexible and how you want to dedicate your stats into Pacific areas so we have recovery at sixty and resilience up to fifty ranges and they don't you meet increase further and then she went faster recovery for taking on high level content or if you wish to quit in loads of bad kids with little cooldown unfold but please remember for any bill you go for don't mock the resilience out as you don't gain any benefits going higher unless you plan to play Titan I'm just not fast about kids now disciplines that is that 50 which is a appropriate level that's having Sun warrior demolition is a mod such as enhance bomber is plenty enough to fully hit with his back in mere seconds only recommend you increases level if you don't have a weapon with demolition is like mine or if you have merged that increase your grenade regenerates and then lastly we are the intelligence stat which has been left alone in many of my builds as it wasn't that much of a important stat until now now at 50 we will get a cool-down of a violent form in this virtue one which isn't too great on paper but when combined with the ability to spam grenades before hi grenade stat and then combine that with the in-house ashes to asset smart do you see that at this level is not really that much of an issue to worry about now but I would recommend if you have to start surveil abou to push into the agenda stats by all means so it can come in handy later on all of you journey are happy with your couple stats it's best just maximize the stat in general now next with the armor you will need for season 9 or 10 hour pieces to start in you all my mods they will need to be solar and perfectly you need to cover the head arms chest and tighten mark as the legs will be taken by the exotic if you have the season pass the armor provided are the best ones the world proves as they come with high stats and six free armor starts to begin with and they also solo which works in favor for you to add in any extra mods specifically the solar mod and then you just go from there exotic wise as mentioned we will be working with the penis cradle with solar affinity for walking launch of later mods nothing more need to be explained with the exotic I said that this will be enhancing our sub possibilities times 10 and must be equipped in to get the full benefits even though you can get away with crane the bill would out it just you won't have the same benefits of wise with his work played here on the mods you're going to need to have pet intelligent and fight team medic mod arm recovery and wagered war my mod chest infernal whip and burnings old mod leg recovery and walking onto mod mark cook Asif dampener enhance bomber enhance a sister assets and wrath of a sputum mod everything combined now will allow you to live out your bow as a fighting medic on the field with this crazy effect is setup pattern the most heated situations can lead you your team to victory with ease but there will be mistakes courier beam out there so I'm expelled great you say well ping me like this your participate in a large-scale event where you have your objectives that need be protected and you can do your part perfectly fine but your teammates keep dying or they just don't have enough firepower to back them up that's why you come in with your primary and subclass abilities as you can both buff he'll defend and fight back all at once while standing your own ground and being the team player that you should be well yeah this is how it's all gonna pay off for you and the team as simply passively when your sunspots will quickly replenish your abilities which in turn increases your DPS overall but the real magic that comes with this is that it can buff my teammates further with noble rounds and grant them a whopping 35 percent damage increase Munt so not only are they gain their abilities replay at a high rate but they're also getting a damage buff at the same time and the health is also being comes to the top top and region to prevent further death thanks to the woman's cells our fight team medic and the other mods constant damage as well is also a to me in my conquest of keeping my team together pretty much if you play a college fight you could print your teammates from dying and practically becoming invincible in the process do you remember that this is just half the build working as intended we didn't have the woman's self which are another piece to deal with which are a bill within a build and our effective for causing mass extinction to the general mods in the area and then mod such as enhanced Ash's assets will play favorably when going to town with your super as super now we'll be laughing twice as long there no more and the amount of sunspots you create cami you can move one that's freely instead of wasting a super energy by staying in one spot all the time they build this type of buildings for those that want to help but help more in the grander scheme of things instead of you doing all the DPS you can now in fact but I buff and support to your teammates instead so that they can do all that for you while you simply just keep them alive and the one great thing to know about this build is that one you don't need to play war with a ton of grace to do this plus two is benefits everyone and not just Hugh so you can take this into the new set of events or car mats and night falls and you'll still come out on top I just solely support your team to survive of course there's a catcher playing as a medic and support build and many of you here would have played these herbivores in our games before so should be fully aware of the risk behind them for example everyone will be relying on you to keep up with them and to make sure you don't slack behind when boss damage faces may kick in as if you're keeping them alive I'm boss then of course they're gonna be annoyed that you can't fill out your own goal another issue which I've mentioned is that you may struggle with DPS against bosses and some enemies now although your super last twice as long which means more ongoing damage plus more my cells be important time can increase damage further by the 10 thoughts you'll still have to issue too when you're not in your super phases as you only have your good needs melee and heavy the damage of boss since your primary and secondary you won't be effective enough unless the mob you're facing is gum base and that's still 50/50 this in many ways star equals in concern if you've won this build in a higher term nightfall as your ball will be strictly reduced down to support only until you get the necessary items to fight back in level of content this isn't anything to worry about as long as you have an effective team who know what they're doing and also have good weapons but in the higher tier content you may need to think about switching around with your weapons and such beneficially I could see a lot of PV focused players who want to support the teammates or friends make good users build with some changes here and there to fit the place are more in because of usage higher low tier content with 2 to 4 players max is where we'll shine the most in but 6 player content can work as well although the small groups are better as everyone is more tight-knit overall a marvelous bill that we brought in to any content of your choosing and you've ever wanted to play a main key player in your team survival then alternatively this build here is the best in terms of plays now live until you find something else of course as I've enjoyed the video then please even like of the sub and also follow me on Twitter to keep up to date with destiny content if you did that type of stuff a link is down below once again thanks for stopping by and I'll see you guys in next one | 3DHero | UCgwo1b68ckrWSWd47yDS3vQ | 2020-05-17 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 2,652 | 13,877 |
7iuUmxXOoKA | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7iuUmxXOoKA | GH Shocking Spoilers Trina and Spencer find out that Ava is The Hook, who attacked Rory | foreign [Music] spoilers are filled that treated Spencer getting a chance to reconnect together that is Becky one of the big Ideas being pushed even further and it's possible that the investigation story itself about the hook is really making their love connections even more explosive but it seems that the facts that they both have are making thick sportboard are accurate to see the unexpected conditions related to the person with whom they're both in a relationship intimate system maybe it's just the big ideas of a revelation or just the crazy things but one of the things that could be covered up to ensure the safety of the very person treated considers her mother true is living or Worse days and it's making Spencer herself realize that he needs more precise action to ensure that one of the Key conditions is met more precise in order to minimize the crazy conditions are taking place but it seems that things are still having new difficulties with Spencer himself is not aware of what kind of person the hook is and the conditions he's on or one of the crazy factors how but it seems that Spencer himself is it a predicament indeed he and the police are both thinking that essays of Target to carry out these Hades Acts but that is likely to be maximized to its benefits if Spitzer herself is unable to see that it is treated who suffers but it seems that these connections that make up an alliance of amateur sleuths but for treat it is Revenge for Rory but it seems it Spencers on other conditions as Spencer's love story for Trina is growing more and more than ever and that's making things worse or increasingly having different views on one of the target elements of both approaches but no matter what it can be seen that Spencer is now doing everything she can to ensure that safe things can come to Trina over the next few weeks we will see that it is Trina and Spencer who will jointly conduct an extremely comprehensive investigation but things seem to be taking a turn for the worse now if Trina and Spencer have caught Ava's improper actions it can be seen that one of the big factors is being confirmed and it's certainly safe to say that all the crazy things Rory has been through is having extremely strong implications for Ava it seems that the very Madness that Ava is having is due to the misfortunes that she has suffered over the past several months especially after the hook attack just making things worse there are more explosive things but it seems that a favor is one of those behind the explosions Traders being pushed into a difficult position when it is she who will have to denounce Ava's crazy behavior but seems that things are getting crazier it seems that Spencer will be the one to ensure that everything is okay for Spencer as her beliefs are more and more shaken than ever over it seems that this is a startling point for a new extremely fascinating Love Story they'll be set in 2023. thank you foreign | ROAD TO GH | UCvtRbepYqnTBJXzPIi6YY0A | 2022-12-18 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 535 | 2,950 |
CWQ0RqvfF6E | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CWQ0RqvfF6E | 10 Ways To Build a Sustainable Menswear Wardrobe | there are a lot of reasons to build a sustainable wardrobe you're helping to lessen the fashion industry's carbon footprint supporting fair workplace practices and conditions you're doing something positive and ethical and you're saving money in the long run that all sounds great but if this is the first time you're actually thinking about making your wardrobe more sustainable you might be wondering well how do i actually do this the good news is that it's not that hard and in this video i've got 10 tips to help you get started i'm brian sakawa you are watching he spoke style and on this channel i give you all the advice and inspiration you need to dress better develop your personal style and gain more confidence all right so what are we actually talking about when we're talking about a sustainable wardrobe a sustainable wardrobe essentially refers to any clothes that are produced and consumed in an environmentally and socially conscious way so the sustainability movement in fashion is a response to the fact that the fast fashion and fashion industries are responsible for a lot of bad things which we'll get to in just a moment one thing to understand as you start thinking about building a sustainable wardrobe is that technically there's no such thing as 100 sustainability because you know after all even the greenest companies out there use resources and have an impact on the environment and the people around them still though it is possible to lessen that impact by building a sustainable wardrobe so let's talk about why a sustainable wardrobe is important because it's one thing to suggest shopping sustainably but another to really understand the full impact of doing so now to give you a better idea of why it's so important here are a few quick facts and statistics about the fast fashion industry fast fashion is responsible for as much as 10 of all carbon emissions worldwide and that is mostly due to shipping and production twenty percent of all waste water in the world is the result of dying and treating fabrics approximately eighty-seven percent of fibers used in textile production either end up in a landfill or are incinerated which leads to further air pollution synthetic materials like polyester and microfibers are not biodegradable and end up dumped in oceans where they can remain for decades and this information comes directly from two studies this one and this one that are also linked down below in the description sustainable fashion exists to help reverse control and minimize the negative effects of the fashion industry for example unlike fast fashion brands eco-friendly clothing is constructed with organic materials these materials are renewable and produced in a way that's safe for factory employees and the environment now it's okay if you already have non-sustainable clothes in the closet but it never hurts to be aware of the environmental and social impact of the things we buy and wear by keeping sustainability in mind when you shop you can make a difference in lessening those problems okay so the big question now is how do you actually build a sustainable wardrobe well here are 10 tips to help you get started tip number one is to organize and plan your wardrobe so the first step is to actually take a step back look at what you already own and try to see those clothes in a new light look at the tags see how they're made what materials are used are there any dyes involved and when you do that ask yourself what kind of impact those clothes might have on the environment some pieces that you already have might be semi-sustainable like anything made from organic cotton or wool others might have been locally sourced and produced which would mean that they have a smaller carbon footprint the goal here isn't to identify the bad things in your wardrobe and toss them out it's to figure out what you have and see where there's room to improve upon as you start acquiring more pieces through the lens of building a more sustainable wardrobe tip number two is to deal with unused excess so a lot of people have items in their closet from long ago that either don't fit anymore or aren't really their current style so if that sounds like you chances are you have clothes you no longer wear that are just taking up space in your closet the first thing you might think to do is to get rid of them and while getting rid of them might sound like a good idea you need to make sure that you do it in an environmentally safe way because if you don't that shirt or pair of levi's jeans could just end up in a landfill somewhere if your clothes are in good shape instead of just throwing them in the trash which is very easy to do ask around if anyone you know is interested in taking them off your hands if not consider donating them to places like the salvation army goodwill or another local thrift store because part of promoting sustainable fashion and sustainability in general is about recycling and reusing things and then you know say you're not quite sure if you're ready to get rid of something yet set it aside for a few weeks and then after that time if you haven't worn it or even thought about it go ahead and donate it as well remember the goal here is to use what you have recycle what you don't need and reduce excess tip number three is to fix up and repair worn items even the best construction and highest quality garments won't hold up forever no matter how well you take care of them if you're handy with a needle and thread or sewing machine you can always do some of these repairs yourself otherwise if not find a tailor to fix up the clothing instead now if something you love is completely beyond repair do not immediately throw it away instead consider repurposing it into something more functional or decorative depending on the garment you might be able to use parts of it to make a dog toy or convert it to rags if it's really worn out though consider donating it to a local animal shelter many shelters will take old unusable clothing and blankets since they make great beds for the animals tip number four is to rethink how you shop and research brands thoroughly the next time you go shopping for clothes think about what you need and where it's coming from a lot of people impulse shop and quickly buy things to add to their wardrobe on a whim but news flash this is not the most sustainable way to shop instead try to have a solid idea of what would fit your style and make your wardrobe even better than before once you've settled on what you need do some research into ethical brands that offer those types of clothes see how they get their materials and if the working conditions and wages are good for their employees one way to make sure you're choosing a good brand is if they mention locally sourced and produced on their labels or website another option is to go with brands that produce made to measure garments since those usually mean less waste and no overproduction tip number five is to purchase custom menswear so there are several benefits to buying bespoke or made to measure menswear especially if the alternative is going with a major chain store or fast fashion brand for one thing custom-made clothing doesn't have the same problem with overproduction that's common with many fast fashion brands with custom tailored menswear you can build a sustainable wardrobe that suits your preferences and fits exactly the way you want it to without contributing to excess waste many made to measure shops including our own offer high quality custom garments ranging from suits jackets shirts outerwear knitwear shoes and accessories and because these garments are not mass produced you can be assured that every piece is made with the best craftsmanship and a focus on style and longevity tip number six is to view your wardrobe as an investment when we talk about a sustainable wardrobe we're talking about one that's meant to last a long time so every time you go shopping for new clothes consider each item you're looking at as an investment sustainable and eco-friendly clothing can be more expensive than what you know you find at most retailers but the trade-off is that it will hold up much longer this gives it a much lower cost per wear ratio which in other words means it pays for itself over time and several times over tip number seven is to think outside the box there are certain wardrobe essentials that you have to have but you know that doesn't mean that you can't get creative with it because one way to build a sustainable wardrobe is to keep an open mind when you're shopping if you have those basics and those staples in your closet and you've been watching this channel for a long time you know just how versatile those pieces can be but you can expand that even more if you add a couple statement pieces into the mix tip number eight is to take care of your clothes focusing on quality and fabric and construction is one way to build a sustainable wardrobe but it's not the only thing that matters it's easy to toss dirty clothes in the washing machine and dryer but it's not necessarily a good idea most clothes have specific washing instructions and some even suggest washing them alone or leaving them out to air dry or using a tumble dry low cycle and while you're at it try to use detergents that are non-toxic or derived from plants since they're better for the environment and when it comes to dry cleaning your suits and sport coats do this sparingly and only when you absolutely need to it might be an extra step now but taking care of your clothing properly will ensure that they last a lot longer tip number nine is to avoid and buy certain fabrics an eco-friendly or sustainable wardrobe should mainly consist of natural or organic materials such as hemp cotton and wool these fabrics are better than synthetic ones because they can break down naturally and compost cleanly into the environment plus certain plastics can leach harmful chemicals into the air which leads to more pollution check if your clothes have any dyes eco-friendly dyes are fine but there are a lot more toxic dyes out there and some clothing brands market their products as eco-friendly without taking into consideration the production process or dies used so do your research when building a sustainable wardrobe look for official organic certifications like this so you can be sure that your clothes are truly eco-friendly tip number 10 is to shop vintage you can find an incredible number of unique styles designs and brands at estate sales thrift shops and even online ebay is a great place for that plus since you're essentially recycling something that already exists you're promoting sustainability remember shopping vintage doesn't mean sacrificing quality in fact to the contrary a lot of vintage items are higher quality because they've held up for so long and chances are they'll last a good deal longer with proper care more brands than ever have shifted gears to focus on sourcing designing producing and distributing sustainable clothing once you know what to look for and what to avoid building a sustainable menswear wardrobe can actually be quite easy when you shop sustainably you have the opportunity to help out the environment support fair labor practices safe working conditions and cut down on waste all it takes is that first step here he spoke style we truly believe in all those things and it's one of the reasons i'm constantly preaching about building a wardrobe full of versatile basics and it's also why we wanted to be able to offer those pieces directly to you via the hss shop of course we're committed to producing garments of the highest quality and construction that are built to last i'm still wearing pieces that i had made almost 10 years ago but sustainability is also very important to us you know that the majority of what we offer is custom-made and i would definitely recommend going that route but we do also offer ready-to-wear sizing and even those pieces are made to order so no excess waste so if you've been thinking about building a sustainable wardrobe and want to fill that wardrobe with quality custom made pieces that will last many many years please check out the shop and what we have to offer the team will take great care of you i know and you will look great i promise so click that link right over there to get started now | He Spoke Style | UC4A7_ROn-bKRIHaRxfWVaOw | 2022-04-05 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 2,200 | 12,398 |
6IK8ne2ANz4 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6IK8ne2ANz4 | Class 12 Biology Chapter 10 - Microbes in Human Welfare, Part 3 | [Music] thank you dear Learners a very warm welcome to all of you in previous session on microbes in human welfare we discussed about microbes in organic acids amino acids organic solvents in enzymes Etc in this session we will discuss microbes as Pollution Control agents for sewage treatment in detail ganga action plan yamuna plan and energy production that is biogas microbes play a very important role in our life there are many microorganisms which make our life difficult to live in as they cause diseases not only in human beings but also in other animals and plants but they have another role in our day-to-day life in which their contribution is more significant to keep us healthy now let's discuss microbes as Pollution Control agents nowadays we are facing the problem of different environmental pollution microorganisms can play an important role for the solution to overcome challenges because of their astonishing metabolic activity microorganisms can survive in all places in the biosphere in all ranges of environmental conditions the nutritional capacity of microorganisms is completely varied so it is used as bioremediation of environmental pollutants currently microbes are used to clean up pollution treatment in processes that is known as bio remediation bioremediation uses microorganisms to reduce pollution through the biological degradation of pollutants into non-toxic substances bioremediation is a biological mechanism of recycling waste into another form that can be used and reused by other organisms bioremediation is highly involved in degradation eradication altering immobilization or detoxification of diverse chemical waste and physical hazardous material from the surrounding through the all-inclusive action of bacteria fungi and plants the main principle is degrading and transforming pollutants such as hydrocarbon oil heavy metal pesticides dyes and so on that is carried out by their enzymatic pathways metabolizing a variety of materials compounds to help them generate energy and nutrients to build more cells so it has a role to solve many environmental problems the efficiency of bioremediation depends on many factors including the chemical nature and concentration of pollutants the physiochemical characteristics of the environment and their availability to microorganisms now let's discuss the role of microbes in sewage treatment what is sewage the municipal waste water containing large quantities of human excreta constitutes sewage in cities and towns every day a large quantity of sewage is produced sewage is generated by residential institutional commercial and Industrial establishments it includes household waste liquid from toilets baths showers kitchens and sinks draining into Sievers in many areas sewage also includes liquid waste from industry and commerce what is the sewage composition sewage is formed of 99.9 percent of water and only 0.1 percent of solid impurities in the form of suspended solids like sand silt and Clay it constitutes the organic colloidal compounds such as carbohydrates fats oil grease and proteins mainly from domestic waste for example feces bacteria cloth paper and fibers Etc it also contains dissolved inorganic matter such as nitrates phosphates of calcium and sodium Etc mainly from agricultural use it primarily contains biodegradable organic matter and many types of pathogenic microbes as only 0.1 percent of impurities make the sewage unfit for human consumption therefore it is essential to remove these impurities before they are released to the environment into natural water bodies like rivers and streams because it interferes natural habitats by altering the chemical composition such as pH or oxygen level both directly and indirectly what is sewage treatment it is the process of removing contaminants from Municipal Wastewater containing mainly household sewage plus some industrial Wastewater physical chemical and biological processes are used to remove contaminants and produce treated Wastewater or treat it affluent that is safe enough for release into the environment a byproduct of sewage treatment is a semi-solid waste or slurry this is called seaweed sludge the sludge has to undergo further treatment before being suitable for disposal or application to land for most cities the Siever system will also carry a proportion of industrial effluent to the sewage treatment plant which has usually received pre-treatment at the factories themselves to reduce the pollutant load sewage water can travel towards treatment plants via piping and a flow aided by the gravity and the pumps the first part of filtration of sewage typically includes a bar screen to filter solids and large objects which are then collected in dumpsters and disposed of in landfills fat and grease is also removed before the primary treatment of sewage industrial Wastewater may contain pollutants which cannot be removed by conventional sewage treatment also variable flow of Industrial Waste associated with production Cycles may upset the population dynamics of biological treatment units such as the activated sludge process sewage treatment generally involves three stages these are called primary secondary and tertiary treatment before going to first stage that is the primary treatment the sewage is required a pre-treatment step in which the large objects are separated out from it what is pre-treatment the pre-treatment removes all materials that can be easily collected from the raw sewage before the damage or cloak the pumps and sewage lines of primary treatment clarifies objects commonly removed during pre-treatment includes trash tree limbs leaves branches and other large objects the influent in sewage water passes through a bar screen to remove all large objects like cans Rags sticks plastic packets Etc these are carried in the sewage stream this is most commonly done with an automated mechanically rigged bar screen in modern plants serving large populations while in smaller or less modern plants a manually clean screen may be used the solids are collected and later disposed of in a landfill or incinerated pre-treatment may include a sand or a grit Channel or chamber where the velocity of the incoming sewage is adjusted to allow the settlement of sand and grit grit removal is necessary first to reduce formation of heavy deposits in aeration tanks aerobic digesters pipelines channels and conduits second to reduce the frequency of digester cleaning caused by excessive accumulation of grit third to protect moving mechanical equipment from abrasion and accompanying abnormal Veer the removal of grit is essential for equipment with closely machined metal surfaces such as communutes fine screens centrifuges heat exchangers and high pressure diaphragm pumps now come to primary treatment in the primary sedimentation stage sewage flows through large tanks they are commonly called pre-settling basins the primary sedimentation tanks or primary clarifiers the tanks are used to settle sludge with grease and oil rice to the surface and skimmed off mechanical screening and sedimentation of undissolved unstable solids like polythene bags and other objects large lump of organic matter salt and slit is done primary settling tanks are usually equipped with mechanically driven scrapers that continually Drive the collected sludge towards the hopper in the base of the tank where it is pumped to sludge treatment facilities the sewage is passed through mesh screens off successfully smaller pore sizes finally the sewage is passed into the primary settling tank where most of the suspended particles settle down to form the primary sludge where the supernatants from affluent it fails to remove any dissolved substances in water it does not remove the pathogens next is microbial processes the microbial processes can be categorized into aerobic and anaerobic first is aerobic after primary treatment liquid and solid faces are physically separated the liquid phase is treated with aeration to allow aerobic degradation of the nutrients the two important microbial processes at this stage are nitrification and phosphorus removal nitrification it occurs in two discrete steps first of all ammonium is oxidized to nitride by Nitro sermona species and nitrite is further oxidized to nitrate by nitrobacter species next step is phosphorus removal it can occur biologically by the process of enhanced biological phosphorus removal the process is demonstrated by the cell taking up phosphorus within their cell and biomass is filtered next come to anaerobic in the liquid component of sewage denitrifying bacteria reduce nitrate to die nitrogen gas which liberates nitrate from the sewage the solid component of the sewage separated in primary treatment is fermented by bacteria anaerobically next step is secondary treatment or biological treatment secondary treatment is designed to substantially degrade the biological content of the sewage which is derived from the human waste food waste soaps and detergent the majority of Municipal plants treat the subtle sewage liquor using aerobic biological processes to be effective the biota require both oxygen and food to live the bacteria and protozoa consumed biodegradable soluble organic contaminants for example sugars fats organic short chain carbon molecules and bind much to the less soluble fractions into flocks the suspended growth system include activated sludge where the biomass is mixed with the sewage and can be operated in a smaller space than tickling filters that treat the same amount of water affluent of primary treatment is brought in contact with the oxygen and aerobic microbes in an oxidation tank microorganisms break the organic matter into harmless materials such as carbon dioxide and water there are certain factors which control the treatment of sewage in secondary treatment first is oxygen level oxygen level is an important factor to secondary and tertiary treatment processes during secondary treatment oxygen is required as a terminal electroneceptor in organic matter degradation for example nitrification by nitrosomonas and nitrobacter species these require dissolved oxygen to occur oxygen in secondary treatment is provided manually by pumping oxygen into the sewage continuously which occurs in an aeration or oxidation tank in the aeration tank the bacteria multiply rapidly and form masses along with fungal filaments to form Aggregates these are called flocks the flocks are formed of bacteria and filamentous fungi yeast and protozoans which are held together by slime and fungal hyphil to form a mesh-like structure these flocks sediment at the bottom of the tank and is called activated sludge this process is also called aerobic but it depends on the diffusion of oxygen because most organic matter has been degraded by the secondary treatment next factor is pH acidity plays a crucial role in the breakdown of organic matter because pH of X the solubility of compounds which indirectly affect the accessibility by bacteria also bacteria responsible for organic matter degradation are sensitive to the pH of the environment it extremely high or low pH levels are able to kill bacteria deposition of organic matter occurs due to lack of degradation hence the pH of sewage treatment is controlled to be around seven next factor is temperature the effect of temperature is influential for secondary treatment but it is not important in primary treatment bacterial growth is sensitive to temperature because high temperature can increase the fluidity of phospholipid bilayer which leads to cell lysis however bacteria are known to have higher enzymatic activity at higher temperature because of increased thermal energy next factor is nutrients availability there are lot of nutrients available in the sewage because of human waste and agricultural runoff bacteria can harvest the electron from organic matter and transfer it to a terminal electron receptor which results in the breakdown of organic matter and energy conservation the commonly used bacteria are clostridium coliform pseudomonas and micrococcus Etc the microorganisms reduce the amount of organic matter and thus reduce the biological or the biochemical oxygen demand or known as bod bod is the amount of oxygen required by the aerobic microbes to decompose the organic compounds in a sample of water it is a measure of organic pollutants in the waste water the greater is the body of the waste water more is the amount of organic matter in the water and more it is polluted the Wastewater having a high amount of organic waste has high body because the microbes require more oxygen to decompose them therefore b o d has a direct relationship with the organic waste while has an inverse relationship with dissolved oxygen a sharp decline of dissolved oxygen in water causes increased fish mortality a part of activated sludge is pumped back into the aeration tank to serve as the inoculants while the remaining major part of the sludge is spermed into anaerobic sludge digesters or anaerobic microbial decomposition and the production of biogas the bacteria are able to decompose most of the organic matter while algae provide oxygen to these decomposers the span sludge of anaerobic sludge digester can be used as manure or part of the compost but the water still carries a large amount of nitrates and phosphates Etc now next come to tertiary treatment tertiary treatment of effluent involves a series of additional steps after secondary treatment to further reduce Organics turbidity nitrogen phosphorus metals and pathogens most processes involve some type of physiochemical treatment such as coagulation filtration activated carbon absorption of Organics reverse osmosis and additional disinfection or chlorination Etc tertiary treatment of waste water is practiced for additional protection of wildlife after discharged into the rivers or lakes even more commonly it is performed when the Wastewater is to be reused for irrigation for example food crops golf courses for recreational purposes for example Lakes histories or for drinking water now come to yamuna action plan river yamuna which was earlier considered a holy River has now been turned into an open Siever a mayor of sewage contamination is the coliform bacteria study conducted by the cpcb indicated that major cause of pollution is the discharge of domestic Wastewater into the river which is about two thirds of the pollution load the remaining pollution is contributed by Industries and agriculture based on the findings of this study the government of India decided to take up water quality restoration measures they are named as yamuna action plan or Yap under the mega project of the ganga action plan that is Gap phase two y a b was formally launched in 1993. now called Y A P phase one or the Y A P phase one was initiated by government of India in April 1993 to Abate the pollution and improve the water quality of the river yamuna yab one was scheduled for completion in April 2002 but the planned projects continued until 2003. next is yap2 in order to achieve the desired reverse standards government of India launched yap2 in December 2004 it was scheduled to be completed by September 2008. next is yap3 the third phase of Yap was from 2011 to 2018. now implementing Agency for the current phase in Delhi Jal board under the supervision of Department of Urban Development government of NCT of Delhi next is ganga action plan today the ganga is considered to be the sixth most polluted river in the world pollution of the ganga the largest river in India poses significant threat to human health and the larger environment severely polluted with human waste and Industrial contaminants the river provides water to about 40 percent of India's population across 11 states serving an estimated population of 500 million people which is more than any other river in the world about 1000 million liters of sewage is discharged daily into the river the ganga action plan or Gap was launched on 14 January 1986 with covering 25 class 1 towns 6 in uttar Pradesh 4 in Bihar and 15 in West Bengal its main objective was to improve the water quality by the interception diversion and treatment of domestic sewage and to prevent toxic and Industrial chemical waste from identifying polluting units from entering the river a number of initiatives have been undertaken to clean the river but failed to deliver as desired results this plan was withdrawn on 31st March 2000 subsequently the namami gange project was announced by the government in June 2014 National ganga River Basin Authority that is ngrba was established on 20th February 2009 under EPA in 1986 World Bank has approved dollar 1 billion for ngrbu now come to the causes of pollution the main cause of water pollution in the ganga River are the increase in the population density various human activities such as bathing washing clothes and bathing of animals and dumping of various harmful Industrial Waste into the river let's see in the Industrial Waste which is polluting ganga River because of the establishment of large number of industrial cities on the bank of the ganga like kanpur paryagaraj Varanasi and Patna countless teneries chemical plants textile mills distilleries slaughterhouses and Hospital prosper and grow along this and contribute to the pollution of the ganga by dumping untreated waste into it certain religious Traditions that are during Festival seasons over 70 million people bath in ganga to clean themselves from their past sins some materials like food waste or leaves are left in the ganga which are also responsible for its pollution traditional beliefs hold that being cremated on its banks and to float down the ganga will alone for this sense of those who die and carry them directly to Salvation in Varanasi alone an estimated 40 000 bodies are cremated every year into the ganga into many of which are only half burnt dear learners in this session we discussed microbes as Pollution Control agents and microbes for sewage treatment in detail with this session we have completed the chapter on microbes in human welfare and I hope that it will be helpful for you thank you [Music] thank you | NCERT - PM eVidya Class 12 | UCyTo1Prm345QxzPx0RLFFoQ | 2023-01-12 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 2,904 | 18,243 |
EnxHNdmZvbk | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EnxHNdmZvbk | Surrounded (Fight My Battles) // Prayer Room // April 6, 2022 | well good morning everyone welcome to morning prayer those of you who are joining us online from home or wherever you are we are so glad to have you with us there's something really powerful that happens when we unite our hearts together in interceding and standing in the place as priests and kings before the lord in worship prayer intercession and that's really our primary calling in the lord far beyond just the things that we do for the lord is what we're created to be and what we're created to be as those who sing those who pray those who serve and minister to our god on his behalf and first we start with ministering to him in particular and so we're so glad you're joining us one heart one spirit one moment and praying seeking after him psalm 145 this morning it's a psalm of david and david calls our heart to worship he says i will extol you my god and my king and bless your name forever and ever every day i will bless you and praise your name forever and ever great is the lord and greatly to be praised and his greatness is unsearchable one generation shall commend your works to another and shall declare your mighty acts on the glorious splendor of your majesty and on your wondrous works i will meditate they shall speak of the might of your awesome deeds and i will declare your greatness they shall pour forth the fame of your abundant goodness and shall sing aloud of your righteousness i love this idea that every day every day i will bless you and praise your name forever this is part of our perpetual ceaseless ongoing focused meditation and calling so today that's how we're going to begin we're going to begin as we enter into the gates of thanksgiving and into his courts with praise this day and every day in the morning noon and night our heart cries out to his heart something happens when you and i decide to put our gaze and our focus upon him and to worship him not only does the lord receive blessing and it touches his heart as he responds back to us he draws near to us our eyes are open to see from an eternal perspective our fears and anxieties dissipate the enemy is resisted we have this secret place this time and the strength and confidence that comes from being with him so let's do this this morning wherever you're at let's just open up our hands close our eyes put our focus on the one who's seated on the throne and lord today we say like david did every day we will praise and exalt you starting today starting in this moment this is what we were created for to bless your name to recount all of your wondrous works your greatness lord your goodness your mercy to lavish praise and to lavish love upon you and to tell you how grateful we are for you thank you for saving us lord thank you for calling us thank you for making a way where there was no way thank you for taking us out of the miry clay and setting our feet upon a rock thank you for taking us who had no name in giving us your own name lavishing your love and your grace upon us your goodness your mercy your power it's unsearchable oh lord the lord we dive in like a child into the lake that can never measure its depth its width and can't swim across it he just enjoys it today we dive in to your presence the unfathomable the unsearchable riches in christ we call upon your name and we bless you in the secret place today so we lift our voices this morning all across the room let's lift our voices we love you jesus we love you [Music] world jesus come with our [Music] songs this morning no matter what we're feeling no matter what we're believing this morning [Music] who you are [Music] the high praise of god praises [Music] the high praise this morning [Music] is [Applause] [Music] there's a table that you've prepared for me in the presence of my enemies it's [Music] this is [Music] [Applause] [Music] it's [Music] this is [Music] this is how i find my battles this is how i and this is [Music] this is [Music] follow me thanksgiving and this is [Music] and this is is [Applause] [Music] this is how we fight this morning our praise is a weapon we are not defenseless we are not defenseless our praise is a weapon our praise is a weapon and the gates of hell will not prevail when we enter through the gates of grace the gates of hell will not prevail when we enter through the gates of grace the gates of hell will not prevail when we enter through the gates of praise the gates of hell will not prevail when we enter through the gates yes the gates of hell will not be [Music] he may look like i'm surrounded [Music] [Applause] he may look like i'm surrounded [Music] but i'm oh [Music] this is [Music] i'm [Music] there's nothing more powerful than a song there's nothing more powerful than a song praise it makes way for faith it makes way for faith and praises the escort praises the escort it leads us to faith and the fighting is remembering the fighting is declaring who you are [Applause] who you are there's nothing more powerful than a song there's nothing more powerful than a song the gates of hell will not [Music] prevail not prevail when we enter through the gates the gates of hell will not prevail when we enter through the gates the gates of hell will not prevail when we enter through the gates the gates of hell will not be through when we answer through the gates the case [Music] this is [Music] when we [Music] so we enter them this morning we enter those gates [Music] you are the darkness is being pushed back with just a declaration just a song just a simple phrase we've heard so many times you are good you are it does something in the heavenlies [Music] it's shifting things even now [Music] oh [Music] oh [Music] darkness this [Music] is the weapon [Music] [Applause] through is [Music] you is gay [Music] [Applause] [Music] me down where you are me [Music] game [Music] the gates of hell will not prevail when we enter through the gates of grace [Music] when we enter through the gates of praise [Music] the gates of hell will not prevail when we enter through the gates of praise [Music] is [Music] so [Music] and i saw the lord and he heard me oh i saw the lord and he heard my cry and he answered me [Music] oh i saw the lord and he hurt me oh i saw the lord and he heard my cry yes he did [Music] and he answered me and though he banged and though weeping indoors for the night oh your joy comes in the morning and though sorrow may last for a time oh your joy comes in the morning and faithful you're always faithful and you're true you're always true you'll never leave me you're always with me you're good oh you are you are you are [Music] oh i sought the lord i sought the lord oh i saw the lord and he heard me oh i saw the lord and he heard my cry [Applause] and the answer means you are good oh i saw it again [Music] and the weeping endures for the night oh your joy comes in the morning and those sorrow may last for a time oh your joy comes in the morning [Music] you're always faithful yes you are you're true you're always [Music] you're always [Music] is [Music] yes you are yes you are [Applause] [Music] is [Music] you're always faithful and you're true you're always true you'll never leave me you're always with me you're good [Music] you're good [Music] this moment of focusing on the goodness of the lord psalm 119 says the lord is good and he does good lord you don't just do good things the very essence of who you are you are good not good the way we define good not not good because you do what we want you to do but in everything that you do it's perfect it's righteous it's holy it's faithful [Music] jesus even said why do you call me good there's only one that's good [Music] roman says that there's none of us that are good all have strayed like sheep we've strayed from you there's not one of us that is good in and of ourselves but lord when we stray you stay lord you are faithful you promise to never leave us nor to forsake us lord today would you awaken our hearts to the reality of your faithfulness your steadfast covenant keeping love you don't come and go based on your emotions you don't come and go based on our faithfulness to you first timothy says that when we are faithless you remain faithful and you promised you would never leave us lord to those who right now who feel lonely to those who feel abandoned to those who feel rejected to those who wonder whether you still are faithful to them still draw near to them because of the things that have happened or even the things that we've done lord today show yourself faithful to the fatherless become the father to the widow become the husband to the solitary places and families to the orphan become a father to the hopeless become the anchor of our soul you are good you are good and you do good you work all things for our good intricately weaving our mistakes our disappointments what others have done that we did not plan on and even the blind spots of our life you're weaving it together into the fabric of your purposes all for your own glory all for your own majesty and we say your riches and your wisdom and your good is unfathomable god who is this god that is so faithful to us who is this father who refuses to turn away from us who is the savior that allows the guilty hands to nail spikes into his to redeem us back to him [Music] all we can say is thank you for your faithfulness father thank you for your unfailing love [Music] for the extreme extents that you would go for us god faithful and [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] the true faithful as your name faithful is [Music] same faithful is your name faith you never change always the same and faithful is your name faithful is always [Music] is always is [Music] is [Music] me [Music] you're always faithful and you're true you're always true you'll never leave me you're always [Music] [Applause] [Music] meditate on your faithfulness to us we're reminded that our standing before you father is not by our own merit it's by the grace that we stand that was purchased by the finished work of jesus your son upon the cross the perfect blood of the perfect passover lamb the lamb of god who takes away the sins of the world jesus you are the spotless perfect lamb of god who is worthy to break the seals on the scrolls of redemption you alone are worthy and lord through your finished work jesus your blood applied to our lives washes us clean gives us standing before the father we stand today in the heavenlies dressed in the apparel of priests and kings before you standing as intercessors [Music] for your will to be done on the earth as it is in heaven with the authority that jesus won at his death and in his resurrection all authority in heaven and earth has been given unto me therefore go into all the world jesus you said you've given us authority over scorpions and serpents and every work of the enemy so today we don't stand in our own merit we don't stand in our own authority we stand in the name of jesus and in the authority of jesus today i want to invite you as we step into a time of intercession to look with me at second corinthians chapter four today we're going to be praying for god to open the eyes the spiritual eyes of those that have been blinded to the glorious gospel of jesus especially at this time of year right now we're in a very unique a very sacred period of time it's ramadan for muslims in which they're fasting from sun up to sun down no food no water as a form of devotion to allah many times out of spiritual desperation and hunger and while they're fasting we're going to pray today over the muslim community in the muslim world that jesus is in the quran would break through the spiritual idolatry the spiritual darkness and reveal himself to them it's also a time approaching passover and the different feast times a passover for the jewish people we're going to pray that god would open the eyes of the jewish people and reveal yeshua as their messiah we're praying over our own culture our secular culture and here in america and even what we're going to call a post-christian culture of people that have a little bit of knowledge of the gospel but yet are inoculated to it we're going to pray that the lord just puts the gospel on turbo boosters and opens the eyes and reveals the gospel in churches this easter and good friday and all of this season that when darkness wants to blind people's eyes to spiritual reality and who jesus is we're praying for a revelation of that in second corinthians chapter four it says and even if our gospel is veiled it is veiled only to those who are perishing in their case the god of this world has blinded the minds of unbelievers to keep them from seeing the light of the gospel of the glory of christ who is the image of god for what we proclaim is not ourselves but jesus christ as lord with ourselves as a servant so today as we intercede i want you to join as we sing and as we pray don't just listen to us praying in us singing your prayers your songs are breaking through the heavenlies opening things up establishing a jacob's ladder for the angels and for the spirit of god to move between heaven and earth over the lives of those we intercede for so lord today we come as intercessors and we're pleading for you in this hour in this season this very specific time frame this era this epic lord that you today would open the eyes of those that are spiritually blinded by the devil himself and by demonic forces and by the hardness of their own hearts so that they cannot see spiritually jesus said he who has eyes to see he who has ears to hear let him hear the lord even though we have natural sight and we have natural hearing there is the ear of the heart and the eye of the spirit that must be opened for the light of the gospel to penetrate and change hearts so lord today we're joining with you and we're praying god would you open the eyes of those that have been spiritually blinded so that the light of the gospel can enter in the truth of the gospel the truth of the good news of who jesus is would be revealed to those that are far away from you today in jesus name [Music] open up the eyes [Music] oh [Music] open their eyes [Music] let there be life open their eyes lord to see the truth beyond every lie beyond all ignorance beyond every deceptive thought or doctrine of men that has kept them from you today we're asking for a revelation of jesus romans 1 says that i am not ashamed of the gospel of jesus christ for it is the power of god unto salvation to the jew first and also to the greek and so lord today we begin by praying for the jewish people that have yet to receive yeshua their messiah lord we believe that the promises of god are yes and amen the promises that you made to abraham to isaac and to jacob are still intact all israel will be saved even the natural olive branch that has been cut off for a time and hardened in part we'll be grafted back in according to romans 9 10 and 11. so lord we are so grateful for our jewish forefathers that have given us a revelation of god a revelation of the word the law of god a revelation of the ordinances and given us the prophets and even given us our messiah jesus and so lord we who are the wild olive branches that have been grafted in to the people of god we stand in the place of intercession and we say spirit of the living god pull back the veil that is over their eyes second corinthians chapter 3 says but even their minds were hardened for to this day when they read the old covenant that same veil remains unlifted because only through jesus christ is it taken away lord we pray that the veil would be taken away from the minds of the jewish people all scattered all over the earth and all the nations lord we're watching even our own day how you're fulfilling prophecy by bringing them from the north the south the east and the west back into the land just as you foretold two thousand and three thousand years ago you said in the last days they would cry out to you and say blessed is he who comes in the name of the lord god would you lift the veil off of the jewish people's eyes the hardening god pull it back that they might see yeshua their only son their messiah their savior the redeemer of israel and that even as they read the scriptures they would see you in the scriptures from the first word of genesis to the last word of revelation that they would see it's all about jesus the son from the letter ben in their alphabet to the letter of none in their alphabet the alpha and the omega the first word in genesis and the last word in revelation it spells son everything is about the son of god jesus lord open their eyes to see jesus as their messiah in tel aviv in jerusalem in new york in chicago in all throughout eastern europe and scattered in the nations of the earth let them see you jesus pull back the veil that they might believe [Music] oh come unveil their eyes to see jesus o spirit of the living god oh come unveil their eyes to see jesus o spirit of the living oh come unveil their eyes to see jesus oh spirit of the living god open their on eyes their eyes to see jesus o spirit of the living god the redeemer of israel oh come unveil their eyes [Music] son of david have mercy o come unveil their eyes to see oh jesus o spirit of the living [Music] their eyes to see jesus [Music] their eyes to see [Music] the jesus lamb jesus oh come unveil their eyes to see oh jesus o spirit of the living god [Music] jesus jesus you said that you came and you've been anointed by the holy spirit to open blinded eyes we're praying that you would open the eyes of muslims all over the world those who have sought the god of abraham those that have sought to please the one god [Music] but have yet been blinded by the spirit of false religion and idolatry and deceptive doctrine almost 1.5 billion muslims on planet earth right now whose eyes have been blinded and we're praying father would you send angelic ministers would you send a spirit of conviction a spirit of hunger and thirst among the muslim community to search out the truth about jesus lord we're praying for dreams and visions angelic visitations we're praying for missionaries that are in the middle east right now but lord you would open doors for the gospel lord that you would open doors for conversations lord that the stereotypes that they have about christians hating them lord that the missionaries that are there those who are muslim in their background and now believe in jesus and those who are outside of it even their jewish brethren lord that there would be an opening for the gospel in the middle east [Music] in the west bank in gaza in lebanon in syria in the united arab emirates saudi arabia and oman in yemen iraq iran afghanistan pakistan kazakhstan uzbekistan tajikistan lord we're praying for turkey we're praying for tunisia libya praying for egypt that lord in all of these nations of malaysia and indonesia where there's a high concentration of muslims in india lord that you would break through in this season of ramadan that it would not be a season of religious observation only but their hunger and their thirst would drive them to search you out god we know that you're moving we know that you're moving powerfully in the muslim world we're saying jesus turn up the value of the voice of jesus turn up the volume of the gospel here in america lord we're muslims in detroit and dearborn in chicago and new york in l.a and every state and here in kalamazoo college campuses all over the u.s lord that there would be divine encounters with you with angelic ministries with dreams and visions and lord even beyond that apostles and prophets and evangelists that are being raised up to boldly proclaim jesus is the son of god savior of the world resurrected messiah lord break through the defenses break through the walls that hell has set up to blind the muslims eyes from hearing the gospel and let the truth break through [Music] oh [Music] oh [Music] draw them oh you jesus [Music] oh [Music] jesus [Music] have your inheritance of the nation's jesus [Music] jesus [Music] of god be worshipped adored let the land of god be seen and known today let the lamb of god [Music] jesus have your inheritance you deserve [Music] the worship the adoration and the rewards of your suffering jesus we're praying for america in our secular semi-christian post-christian prodigal nation today and we're praying lord that this resurrection season that we're in as we approach good friday and resurrection sunday that there would be a mighty outpouring of your holy spirit of boldness upon the children of saints of god to evangelize to share their faith to invite to church and we're praying lord in every place across the the nation in the nations let the gospel be boldly proclaimed and the resurrection of jesus from the dead be boldly proclaimed and signs and wonders following lord and we're praying that a prodigal nation's heart would be turned back to you that people would come hungry to church and even in this hour as they're focusing on easter coming up lord that there would be a rekindling of their heart back towards you holy spirit you would draw all men unto jesus you said jesus that if i be lifted up i will draw all men unto myself and lord we're drawing near to a time when the cross is the central focus where we see you on the cross and we remember your victory at the resurrection and we're praying that as we focus on that that there is salvation and repentance that is released and there is a revelation in your people already who believe of the power of the resurrection and that just as those first disciples walked away from the resurrection and went and they proclaimed the good news lord that there would be a reinvigoration of the heart of your people to boldly proclaim jesus christ as lord lord win back the prodigals win back those who have fallen in the last couple of years those who haven't been in church in years those who had a form of godliness but denied the power thereof lord draw prodigals from the north south east and west to flood churches and to worship jesus and to repent of their sins and to rent their garments and to cry out for mercy and to be saved god feel churches fill your kingdom destroy every idol and let jesus be worshipped and adored [Music] the lamb of god [Music] let the land [Music] oh [Music] jesus [Music] jesus [Applause] [Music] jesus [Music] the nations are yours the nations are yours [Music] worthy is the lamb to receive the rewards of his suffering so we say for the lamb lord we're praying for an outbreak of revelation conviction angelic ministry evangelism and urgency of the hour in the hearts of your people so that jesus is magnified glorified rightly and deservedly so jesus we worship we adore you we thank you that you hear our prayers that angelic ministry is already dispatched and glory belongs to you in jesus name amen thank you for joining us this morning we invite you to come today at noon tonight at 6 30 p.m as we continue to lift up prayer and worship before the lord from the heart of our city morning noon and night god bless you | Radiant Church | UCXMBuPm5AakJO-g6n_Ra4wA | 2022-04-06 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 4,365 | 23,149 |
rifZWB2b_vA | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rifZWB2b_vA | STREAKING like a MANIAC On Black Ops 4! | make that push [Music] keep running from me ah got him got him got him oh that was so nice oh that was so nice my mom's sitting in the couch right now looking at me wait that was so nice hoggers hi guys I hope you enjoyed the clip had to begin in bro that's probably my best clip on the beta probably will be my best clip hit on the beta for right now cuz lobbies that right now are kind of like terrible not gonna live but I've been having so much fun on the game do you have no idea today is really chill day man I've been going off bro like gameplay-wise I've been going off clips I haven't hit any clips and keep it real with you that's like only that's the only real clip that I've hit I did like out of weekend - we hadn't - it's been kind of like tough weekend one was pretty good for me but weekend - is just I don't know it's kind of tough for me right now I'm sorry I wasn't able to upload yesterday man I just was really trying to find my shot again just trying to learn that the basics over again so that was about my bad on that one jail for all man week - man that they're actually listening to everybody man they're making changes based on what we think at a game and I think we're like going in the right direction with it I honestly can't wait for black out next month bro that's gonna be like a game-changer on this it's gonna be a huge game-changer to see how it's gonna be and how it's gonna like work out with everything I mean I pretty much I went off bro gameplays was one another level today bro the shot was on and yeah I don't want to talk you know for that long I want to show you what I you know what's been going on should have a new video up tomorrow as well should have a montage up to I want to try to get a montage up so hopefully in the next couple of days I have some uploads for you guys but other than that I hope you guys enjoyed the video leave a like on the video if you enjoyed what she saw today I love you guys and I'll see you guys later peace or destroyed not done yet I'm done man shots on that we're so sick know anything oh my my controller low are you little that's what he's like oh well I love you oh you fell off again I saw I'm [ __ ] tired already and I guess how to get some type of sleep cuz I don't know what happened but like I was just Oh boss is dead yesterday I got to show you the clip I hit a Hacienda Coffee is a refill but I stay respawn back over here dear it's like a hitmarker new kids she got right here I'm getting lost in the tempest yeah oh they know where I'm at oh my god Brad I'm going oh my gosh but I'm about to do it again how did you know all the behind him I probably had like a real radar thing bro I go 32 and 4 bro insane me no bro I ran out of bullets that would have been crazy oh my goodness how is that not a quad the game ended oh my god Todd there's no way you'll ever you it turned on you turn your system off here dude yeah you're getting smacked I was a Colette what I'm going back let's go back Oh am i doing this to these kids right now it's more oh this one that's another one hitmarker right now two bullets got a pickup a guy there's so many so many people where's the last guy behind me oh oh he's insane the dog is still alive i sniped him in his [ __ ] head [Music] | Razh | UCc3qR8O5_2xcmrjQeQ7i56g | 2018-08-12 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 688 | 3,285 |
frOfczXGhNA | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=frOfczXGhNA | How to Identify an Authentic Nike Replica Jersey | [Music] hello my soccer universe well in the last video to bridge you over from my vacation and then there will be a time until videos can't come again i thought of making a video kind of looking how to tell that the jersey is authentic because for instance i know that this is an authentic jersey uh there's no new balance uh very often you buy and you for instance you get yeah authentic jersey with tag and one thing that always says the tag placement so if you buy this liverpool jersey and all the top replicas in this video note that the tag here is attached to the left sleeve there's no tag in here which is also true for what i want to uh what i want to talk about in this video which are nikes uh nikes are really on the sleeve on the collar anymore what i thought i do from 96 and i think i have from every two year period here have a bunch of nike jerseys that i wanna just briefly go through and i have one that i have still with the tags on fully on purpose in order uh to show you how it comes but that will be the last one let's make a quick history the first one that i have here is this psja jersey this is from 95 96 is the oldest nike jersey i have not the old nike logo and again it's a replica the only attack that i had was this authentic tag here note there is no uh joke tag here that tells the size so the early nikes didn't have that um i also want to point out here on the inside it says the nike premiere that you get this tag and then there's this tag with the instructions and uh the call how this voltage jersey is made of there are i think no further attacks on this one most of the time you can tell a jersey that it's vegan already by the material i always say the first thing if you can't get a handle of it uh feel the material it usually tells a lot so 95 96 the only tags are here and there's a little nike authentic tag down there let's move on two years further and i took basically all my almost did i take all my dutch jerseys that i have from because i think i have only nine keys yeah one two three four five maybe i've missed one but yeah i missed one but that's an anywhere player issue this 98 nike jersey note the tag is missing in here and yes the details are worn here but for an old jersey that's not necessarily uh tell all i think if a jersey is five maybe 10 euro years old has been born a lot this can come off if it is a year old income comes off that's usually a sign of a fake figure now what this has is the jog tag that tells you this is a nike with xl note the nike logo is now only the swoosh and it hasn't this is um stitched on dry fit right here and on the inside you have only the size details and other than that there is the tag on the inside on the uh left side on the side is inside so before it was all here on the collar now it is on the inside let's move further uh this is 2 000 i have arsenal here not much has changed you see the size details i've worn i bought this in the hybrid store so i'm absolutely certain that this is authentic uh same thing for for this one i'm i'm quite certain you see here's another dry fit here that is a little bit worn because i was wearing his jersey a lot but it's now here on the left there is no sizing details here anymore um so in the 98 there was still the chalk text and they completely got regard god got rid of it what let's see the text inside it's still here inside and it's usually on the back seam there's the half the ventilation panel so it's on the back seam here where you find the tag again rather nike is usually a very strong material feel which is something you may or may not like i for my um part like it but you know with these old jerseys you basically you have to feel it and i don't think you i mean there are more than the remakes uh that might be hard to tell so it's a kind of interesting to always see these details here but you know this is the 2000 you just had this little tag inside here now moving on to 2002 i've heard this brazil jersey uh the material has a little bit more plastic feel to it again the sizing details and this was actually rather nice are here on the inside and you see for the first time also that there is some sort of authenticity tag which is again on the lower left let me find it here i have a lot of jerseys here yes lower left now lower left now towards the front and you get attack here and then you have kind of this authentic tag right here with a number so you get the nike authentic this continues now into 2004. this is where the total 90 came out and this is especially if you want to get an original uh barcelona centenary jersey they have two versions did you read the original one that is only the tag that i showed here they are arsenal jersey or in the uh netherlands jersey then that's the total 90 version which is a remake that came out a little bit later still nike but it's not the official one total 90 whenever you see 90 this only came out in 2004 where you had this uh template very ubiquitous i actually always always like it i only have one one jersey and again you have here now two tags here you have this is the first time that i see kind of there is this silvery thing with nike this kind of should protect against counterfeiters and if you can see there is a little number in there the one thing with nikes i haven't figured out how to punch the num the number into a verify authenticity and then there are two long attacks and then one shorter one which probably has also has also some numbers on here so this is what volume look out for in 2004 jerseys then in 2006 and this is another one that i was wearing a lot um we get i feel the australia jersey from 2006 the size details were on the inside totally worn off um you have here now it says nike sphere dry on the replica version on the lower left and the lower left you can get some tags this time it's one big tag and the smaller one again kind of heavily worn but you get this here there is none of this authentic tab in there that i was missing from that we had in 2002 and 2006 so kind of a little bit of different story so this is australia 2006. let's go two years further in 2008 i have this russia jersey again now the size details look slightly differently i have an authentic netherlands that i never opened so i'm not gonna do this for this video but the size details are now here and you see kind of uh it's a plastic that can come off relatively easy it says now nike feet on the lower right and on the inside we again have a nike tag with a number and kind of the silvery shine to it and we have the two right here so uh that looks to be a good jersey as well so these are the slight changes that come over now for the first one that we get an authenticity tag on the front is in 2010 and i have here the netherlands jersey and first of all it says now derive it that came out back then size details are now rather large and wash out if you wear it a lot wash out the rather easily i have to say so uh here's one where it's nicely note that the xl is here kind of circuit and then there are the smaller ones up there and you have also for the first one these inside labels and we have it a little bit on the russia shirt already but you have this inside stripe and it's doubled on the back there was a number on there but yeah you get the dry fit and then you have the authenticity tag here which on these is basically a single stripe casing silvery stripe that says authentic with the numbers and kind of shows it nicely interesting number there you should be able to google this on nike page i have not found where but uh just showing this one nicely so that you have this one too and you find this throughout club jerseys i have over there uh barcelona jersey uh i don't think i have another one hanging here 2012 i think not too much changed except that now the authentic tag is similar but it has a double stripe here so you get the authentic the double stripe the authentic tag and this is kind of the silvery stuff and they are all the same size it's good to have an original one that you can compare to they're all kind of same sizes there is not much variation in these and this is where you get them also on the inside you get here a nike number it's again on the lower left and the tag right here other than that sizing details are inside the collar uh under the vanity it says dry fit right here there's kind of this vanity writing in there again it's it is a ventilated material has this kind of bubbly texture to it i'm not sure if this was um black shores uh but it is very much nike you if you see that on the orange i think you can make it out uh the texture is very typical for nike at this time now let's move on to 2014. and the authentic tag does change it has a certain size first first of all let's look at the inside collar you have usually now a triangle here the sizing detail says not of course dry fit and then the size to the left right here it still says dry fit on the bottom so drive it was staying on a lot longer and then we have the new authentic tag and this one again has a double stripe and then notice this pattern here and they can almost fake it now but it has a certain shine to it that is hard to fake and also note that how here the last line is a little bit more pronounced those triangles than that than the rest it's uh when you see it in front of you it's very much obvious also the line between the nike swoosh and the ear doesn't extend all the way through and note how elegantly the swoosh is done here but it's very interesting how prominent this um triangles are as compared to the others so this is how the authentic tag is and those takes are always the same size they always look look the same they are not off they're always very nicely centered so be careful with that uh it fooled me a few times already then you get here of course inside the nike tag and then you get three pages kind of with instructions here so that's the next last dutch shirt that i'm showing you from now on it's also only one team but now we go aroma 2016 uh the nike tag again let's start on the caller it's now a steel dry fit you have very simple instructions but i have to say i mean i have not been wearing this they did this a lot they don't wash out as easily uh i think you really have to wash them roughly that these come off and i'll show you then uh because i know that this sevilla is a fake unfortunately you see already how this is coming off um which is a quick tale uh i thought they know that this was a actual 2018 so let's pull it out for the 2018 to see that uh but on the side this band there's one two three four five six seven different colors so you stretch it you get a little different color it's all one material and note here uh as a little um stitch from the reverse to pull it which is very nice nicely put the stitching is immaculate on these charges uh it doesn't say anything dry fit on the front anymore there's nothing like that the only dry fit that shows up is actually here and then the tag again it gets even better now i mean uh year by year those tags get better and better look at the pattern here i don't know how well the camera picks this up it is amazing how shiny it is and again the last line next to the bold part of the swoosh is a little bit more pronounced and this little line does not go through and is double and it's nicely scented it's a little bit wider here and a little bit shorter on the side so the margins are also memorize this memorize this i can almost say once you see it in person it is very clear that this is an authentic tag now let's go to 2018 and then i will compare with this one here because uh i'm a little bit mad and mad at myself now the authentic tag here becomes even more pronounced but let's first look into the i find two things um if there's no vanity thing in there it's again a very simple tag but if there's anything vanity thing in in there or sometimes even without those sizing details go below check on a reliable uh page to see where does it go actually yeah and now no dry fit of whatsoever it's a heavy material really heavy material but i i like that honestly and then again the authentic tag it gets even better here now you see there's some silver here already in there as well it's very shiny again the last few lines and see how nicely centered it is and now that let's compare this to the fake here uh we already said on the inside uh very bad very very bad this this doesn't happen and now look at the tag and i'm so mad they managed they really managed to get the line here more pronounced but if you see it um a it is not perfectly centered this is same line and then even the nike swoosh see how elegant and slim it is here and it's really it's hard to do it but i'll i'll do it to really point out these differences just compare the swooshes this one looks rough absolutely rough this is hard to see yes they try to see it and the other the lower one is much more shiny much more shiny this has nothing like that so please be careful and especially the margins look at the margins how thick the margins are very very very important so i know i have this one i will track down an original one to make another comparison video but you know i keep it now because i need severe in my collection but i'm not happy those were unfortunately 20 wasted euros see it happens you know if you make a collection on a budget it is eventually gonna happen that you get a fake or two or three or four i think i have around 10 now um and i'll show you all the stuff and now for the latest one this is not 2019 20 and again we have roma here sizing details and here's this is now the new stuff do you see the sizing details in here you barely see them they're right here yeah a little bit you see this so i know the vanity tag below here um the cut of course you have always when you have this cut you always have a pointed one but now we have a new type of tag this round one and before we get to that that one this i still have the tags on you have one on the left sleeve that says breathe nike and then it's a sticker it is not printed it's a sticker that tells you men's and that is an xl and on the left side you get that this is from the team and then it says here standard fit and whatsoever so note these two tags very very important if the tag is here it's a fake there is no way around it it is a fake otherwise now this tag is even harder to fake in a way and i want to show it to you and i saw this on the football house and most of the stuff that there's a facebook account the football house that i highly regret rare recommend you see a how shiny it is and then if you look closer at the tag around here where the upper line is the stitching slightly changes to a slightly more of a chain stitch it's not as thin as changes ever so slightly and it's really nicely glued on that was the other thing this jersey the tag is kind of sewn yeah not really but you know you you face not as nicely put on as on the original ones so yeah this is what i wanted to show you and now i can wear this jersey will go on vacation with it but i wanted to show you uh be careful i got full with nike jerseys now already twice and i'll make a video every time i get fooled just that you don't make the same mistakes let my mistakes be a warning to you again i this this severe church is damning also in the sense that do you see how this stretches here and there it's basically there is a mesh material where they kind of solder clued on these stripes it just doesn't feel like the real deal in any stretch of the idea the imagination as i said i'm gonna track down the proper jersey and i will replace it but when the time is wrapped anyway give me a thumbs up if you thought this video was useful to you subscribe my channel if you want to see more videos like these and i will talk to you soon bye hey there i really hope you enjoyed this video and if you did here are some videos and playlists that you might enjoy too also please consider subscribing to my channel as it will keep you updated on all the things that are rotating in my soccer universe and with that i wish you a wonderful day bye [Music] you | My Soccer Universe | UCvPJq0sTL1R5qHU0PsD6eWA | 2020-07-26 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 3,314 | 16,203 |
3swG9QLTOm4 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3swG9QLTOm4 | PIONEERTOWN Gene Autry's Wild West Ghost Town | [Applause] [Music] all right good morning my friend well everybody's loved in the John Wayne vlog and since I said yesterday I said if I have one iota of problems with this car I'm getting a rental car for the rest of the trip and I blew out that tire I'm getting a rental car today so I'm gonna walk over get a rental car ja I'll come back get you take you to Polly Ennis house and then I'm headed out to the desert for a few days of desert vlogging days with Jordan the lion and saying goodbye to this guy begins now so today our goal is we're gonna head out to pioneer town I want to show you one of my favorite not only restaurants with my favorite little ghost town that still remains Gene Autry used to film his TV show out here you guys are gonna love this so it looks like this is gonna be my rental car not bad it's weird it costs the same for an entire week as it does for like a five-day run also we're just doing a a whole week you know okay I guess we're not having this car they were trying to upsell me so didn't want to fall for that so they're gonna find me a different car I guess that's the even though you booked it online they still try that and what's strange is that I was able to find that you can get a $10 a day or $11 a day insurance that covers up to $35,000 in damages but they wouldn't let me book that online so when I get here they're trying to give me like $35 a day packages telling me the lowest they can do 16 so just beware if you go through enterprise they're gonna try and do that apparently they're gonna try and jerk you around I just kept saying nope nope all right this is what was online this is what I'm paying for and they're excited all right gang Jos settled in so let's head out to the desert I can't wait this is literally one of my favorite places in all the world I used to come out here just about every other month and hang out in pioneer town Joshua Tree just kind of work my way up and down 29 palms so today's gonna be a blast now if you've never been out to 29 palms or up 29 palms this area is quite an artistic area and you can tell just the way they decorate the entryway into their church a little bit of hubcap action there oh yeah we have arrived well unfortunately one of the places that I wanted to show you guys today is closed for some odd reason they're only open Thursday through Sunday and Mondays so we'll have to come back and do this another time but I'm going to show you pioneer town anyway this is the first time I've ever been out here where they weren't opened I've been out here for concerts they have concerts in the back I saw Billy Corgan and Dave Navarro perform in a group together called spirit in the sky I saw Eagles of Death Metal out here and what they do this is the basically the main and only eatery in Pioneer town and on the weekends they have a bit of a stunt show that happens over here so let me show you a little bit of that now all of this is relatively new as long as I've been coming out here this wasn't actually where this was happening I'll show you where they used to have the stunt show but now they've created this whole little village here this whole little ghost town here that you can have a wedding or whatever run it out for whatever you want but where we're going is we're actually gonna go back here beyond Pappy and Harriet's I'm going to show you in the mid 40s they created a ghost town out here specifically for filming westerns Roy Rogers filmed out here the Cisco Kid was filmed out here and there's a crazy little bowling alley that Gene Autry filmed every episode of his TV show in and they actually hired the local kids to be pinsetters well here we are the ghost town that is Pioneer town they have everything here from a jail to a saloon everything you'd need to create a believable Western let's go take a look not behind here is the pioneer town motel and I can't recommend this place enough I've stayed here a couple of times very convenient if you're going to a concert of happy and hairy it's because you can just walk right through the parking lot near there in about 30 seconds like I said I've stayed here before so I can highly recommend this place all the rooms are very old rustic type John Wayne looking rooms here's the jack cast saloon see they've got it blocked off for private the general store you got your old fashioned water pump here your old testers Trading Post here watch out you know that old joke the baby Rattlers oh yeah lots of them you can see through the windows they've got some of those old bottles there's the old general store and you can see right over here right next to the general store is the Marshall I love looking at Joshua trees oh that's cool it's on its own track now here's the old mercantile store look at the architecture to that all the way up to the horns up there at the top the antlers pretty cool I think this one's only open on the weekends I remember right too bad I don't love too got some pioneer town postcards right there there you can take a look inside what they got they got some clothing and all kinds of stuff what's going on with this guy no reason to not be cool magnetic Zen garden well there's the place oh we found the pioneer town land office that's cool the Potter set into the clay beware and so it was we're here in pioneer town California take home a souvenir and this one's actually open today very modern look we're not the only ones out here doing some photo shoots and stuff like that very cool look at that so good [Music] well too bad we miss the goats that would've been cool today check that out I'm not exactly sure what this is looks like it would have went on a track at one point oh very cool a mining company now this is my favorite part probably in all a pioneer town this is the pioneer town bowl this is where Gene Autry rolled the very first ball in 1949 when they opened it and like I said this is where they filmed his TV show now it's very rarely ever open I think I've been here one time when it was open but the bowling alley is unchanged oh I'm sorry he rolled the first ball here in 1947 not 49 I'm sorry you can see right on that sign now it's closed but let's see if we can look in through here I'm not kidding it used to be old-school I mean like pink and seafoam green and all that stuff and it still is you see that now if I remember right they only had a few lanes but can you imagine the late 40s Gene Autry filming a TV show here and if you're a local kid getting invited to be the pinsetter so cool here's a little bit more inside the bowling alley from a window over you can see hanging from above there's like different bowling team names it's unfortunate I like I said I never ever see it open I hear they have like a little bit of a clipping in an article so there you can see it looks like it's what six or eight lanes but that's what it looks like on the inside what's a lot of fun is when copying Harriet's is open at night and then you grab a drink and you just kind of go walking up through here at night a lot of these buildings kind of get lit up at night now let's head over here and take a look at the town jail there used to be somebody in here let's see if everybody's been behaving or if we got an empty house oh no it's empty there's the marshal I think this is for the photo-op yeah I think you can go in here and get your photo taken in jail some of you probably don't need one here all right let's move on oh that's cool huh all perfect ten fighters for hire take down their name and number here just in case we need it in the future 50 cent bail Iron Works that's the hotel oh it's closed today can you imagine eating a grizzly bear steak for a dollar-fifty not this day and age oh there's the bank the barber the bathhouse you see there's like a statue at the Grecian urn we pull them I'm guessing that's the dentist it's always tomorrow isn't it oh cool entryway huh the Town Hall the outhouse that's great oh cool purple cactus are those meant to be purple or is it just diseased now granted I haven't been to a ton of ghost towns in my life but this has been my favorite that I've ever went to I always love coming here I love that old sign so this is where that whole stunt show used to happen on the weekends I was telling you about we were over there looking at the the gunfight show that all used to happen right over here and I don't know if maybe that's why they still have these out maybe it follows in to over here but when I've been here before I've always seen it happening up and down here and that's closed let's check out this hay barn wonder if there's anybody out there watching this right now one I remember this from Cisco kid I remember this from the Gene Autry show I remember Roy Rogers out here and people live here I mean just outside this little strip right here there are people that have houses and some of the houses you'll see it'll have like a little thing that says private residence or something like that so that you don't go up there snooping around but there's a there's also some private residence here that have some really incredible decorations to their house there you can see the pioneer town P and I guarantee they use this as a horse trough or something during the the old movies there you can see a lot of a lot of the signs are faded off even the red dogs closed now I think this is a private residence now but you can see this used to be because at the pioneer town Gazette escape parking only very cool oh yeah you can just tell this was just the perfect western town wasn't it so many options of different things to film or different settings to set up this has been the Red Dog ever since I started coming out here in probably 2003 so always been that [Applause] you see this sign back here horses have right away now this is an operating church this is actually I mean it's not open today but does say right there's Sunday service 10 a.m. so you can come out here and not miss your day at church looks very cool too doesn't it it's even got a big Bell up there if you look closely you can see where somebody would be up there swinging it oh this is cool at night that cactus lights up I think this is somebody's private property now but it still looks awesome I think it looks great sometimes it's kind of hard to tell what's private property and what's not you know all the stuff they have decorating there and the wheel barrel a little graveyard kind of thing Wow those are all peppers oh that is cool that yeah but I think if somebody lives there that looks great look at all this stuff all kinds of cool little decorations and things over here it's like an old lunch box isn't it old exercise bike one of the last times I stayed out here actually stayed in air B&B house and they had like a something like this where it was the old frame of a car rusted out and bullet holes and everything through it and they had planted things in there and had art in there of all kinds if you look in there deep you can see statues and stuff I kind of looks like an old storefront and you've got this little boat here and this looks like this is the property I was telling you guys about earlier that had a bunch of cool stuff this looks like a school classroom with desks and old typewriters and stuff on it and that cool I love this person's property check that out Roy Rogers Road and then Main Street but Maine spelled like ma any like horse mane that's interesting that's like the a truck camper that somebody I think is living in then I'm assuming this is like a do not cross because there's one down here as well so I'm not going to there's all kinds of fascinating art those are bowling balls right there all kinds of different things in there this one you can't see into and it's too bad because what they did was they took like the whole outer shell of like part of the western town and then they set up a camper there and then this is like their living space they're just basically like that's their yard area creates their boundaries isn't that cool I know it's not the kind of living everybody would enjoy but it's definitely very unique I dig it I'm guessing these are now people's private yeah I think these were all private residents that's what that says so hey who can blame them I would totally live in an old western town if I could for my house not bad at all yeah fair enough fair enough and I'm not sure what this used to be it's definitely not open there's definitely nothing in there now maybe we can peek through the windows and get a look what do you think let's take a look old-school dead Joshua trees and here you can see we're coming up on me okay corral probably not the one that you're used to but I kid you not this is the pioneer town okay corral see what's in here there you can kind of see inside there's some saddles and a few things like that men down right below us is a little painting on the floor that's pretty much it almost a few other things to show you Tom Mix rode now one of the only things open and functioning today is this right here half of it is the sheriff's office the pioneer town sheriff as you can see right here and then the other half is the post office that's right way near town does have its own post office like any community would see pioneer town was founded in 1946 by a group of Hollywood personalities led by cowboy actors dick Curtis and Russell Hayden is a permanent 1880s town for filming western buildings Oh filming western movies on September 1st 1946 Roy Rogers broke ground for this first buildings assisted by the sons of the pioneers from whom the town takes its name over 200 movies and TV serials were filmed here as were an unknown number of background shots for other productions TV westerns including the Gene Autry show Cisco Kid and he Oakley and the adventures of judge Roy Bean were filmed here pioneer Bowl hayden ranch and main street have been designated by the state department of parks and recreations as historical resources today Main Street still retains its Old West image the pioneer town post office is said to be the most photographed post office in the entire United States interesting the most photographed in the United States really well I guess we should go in and take a look at it shouldn't we there it is the most photographed in the United States I guess oh cool look at all the old pictures up here Annie Oakley oh that one's the pioneer town bowl right there very cool Tom Mix yeah when the first time I came out here that's who they told me had filmed a lot out here was Tom Mix I've never seen a tree like this before Wow well we were just in the most photographed post office in the United States pretty crazy well Lionhearts it's unfortunate that Pappy and Harriet's wasn't open I really wanted to show you that and it won't be open while I'm out here so we'll have to come back and do that some other time but I wanted to thank everyone for watching and come back and join me tomorrow we're gonna work our way a little bit further up 29 palms we're gonna stop in Joshua Tree we're gonna have some fun there big vlog tomorrow so come back and see me hope you guys enjoyed seeing pioneer town and that's all from pioneer town out here have a great night we'll see y'all later good bye [Music] | Daze with Jordan the Lion | UCMC9R6OigawtoVTG_qHFMoQ | 2018-04-26 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 3,001 | 15,307 |
hm5fAxKFmNY | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hm5fAxKFmNY | [MIRROR] Big Joel Anita Sarkeesian And The People Who Hate Her | hey everybody today I'm gonna talk about Anita sarkeesian feminist game critic who became incredibly famous on the internet around 2012 so Anita sarkeesian is without a doubt one of the most divisive figures I can think of at least within a very specific cultural context to the skeptics and anti sjw's she's seen in all ways as a force for bad a dishonest critic opportunist a scam artist and ideologue a huge dick and they say everyone hates you because you're a dick so what I'll call the Internet laughs however she was broadly understood as an all-around decent critic who was unfairly maligned harassed and abused because she was a woman who spoke about feminism and about her unfair treatment on the Internet now I feel like I'm coming off right now like I'm a weird Internet reasonable man and that's really not how I feel that is I side firmly with the Internet left on this issue I genuinely like Anita sarkeesian I agree with lots of her points and thought she was pretty cool before I knew she was somebody who everybody hated even if I didn't like her though I still wouldn't think she deserved the ire of the public you know threats and harassment from people who hated every fiber of her being as an Internet person myself I've probably tasted less than 1% of the [ __ ] she has and honestly even that much is enough to send fear right through my whole body so why am i bringing up all this stuff so early it's because none of that stuff is really what I'm here to talk about this video isn't about condemning the people who hated on or harassed sarkeesian nor is it a defense of her work I mean don't get me wrong lots of the stuff I say here will be related to both of those things but they're not really the point no this video is about one thing it's about the way that art is interpreted and about how it's given meaning I'm gonna be looking closely at a few people mostly Thunderfoot and sargon of akkad people who straw we disagreed with Anita sarkeesian and who made a series of arguments attempting to disprove her work and my basic position here is that underpinning their work is an understanding of art that is both fundamentally misguided and ultimately pretty harmful so if you're ready for some of that I'm ready for some of this me talking to you for like thirty minutes about this stuff hey ready cool part one what's at stake here so over the course of her work Anita sarkeesian made her fair share of videos about games and she covered a pretty wide variety of topics but looking at her work altogether we can see that it tends to revolve around two simple points that were both incredibly controversial on YouTube and we're gonna be spending like this entire video going through these points and seeing how people reacted to them so here's the first big argument that Anita sarkeesian wants to make that looking at games we can see a general tendency toward centralizing narratives of mail and particularly straight male empowerment and what's more that this narrative tends to place the women of video games into some pretty weird positions women are less likely to be the protagonists of games they're more likely to be presented as sexually appealing to have their bodies put on display they're more likely to take on passive or victimized positions as damsels their to be rescued by predominantly male heroes you know things like that the basic idea is that within many games women are used as a prop so that the mostly straight male audience can fantasize about attaining various forms of power now the vast majority of Anita sarkeesian's work is spent giving examples to support this position and not being an expert in games myself I can't really go through her work fact-checking each and every one of those examples besides that's not really something that interests me anyway so instead let's just go through some videos made by Thunderfoot where he tries to argue that everything about Anita sarkeesian's claim here is ridiculous in the first moments of the first video Thunderfoot ever made about anita sarkeesian he looks at what she says about the game double dragon and tries to refute it with two pieces of evidence first Anita's idea that men are empowered and women disempowered by the story of this game is blatantly wrong because at the end of the game the damsel gets to punish the bad guy pattern of presenting women as fundamentally weak ineffective or ultimately incapable has larger ramifications beyond the characters themselves yeah that's right the game that ends with Marion breaking up 20 foot tall super space lit man in half like a toothpick by punching him in the balls is apparently the pattern of presenting women as fundamentally weak ineffective second that this story isn't about male power or female victimization at all it's about love I mean let me just give you a couple of scenarios here Anita Billy's girlfriend gets punched in the stomach and abducted by a gang of thugs which of the following options defines the healthy relationship that he immediately sets out risking his own safety to try and protect his loved ones well the he decides she's a grown adult and can look after herself so looking at both these bits of evidence we can see a sort of interesting tendency in them in a nutshell it's the refusal to engage with art as something that is fundamentally different from the real world like he approaches the events of Double Dragon as though they really happened and given that approach his arguments against Anita sarkeesian kind of make sense the woman who was kidnapped wasn't some passive object who needed saving actually she acted like quite the badass dealing the final blow against the bad guy and our protagonists Jimmy he's not trying to gain power his girlfriend was violently taken and he acted nobly risked everything to save her if all these events really happened they would tell the story of a hero and of his capable GF who was put into a bad situation and it would seem almost crude to use words like male power fantasy or female objectification to describe a story as beautiful as that this argument from Thunderfoot is of course ridiculous it goes without saying but games aren't the same as real-life events because what happens in games is a choice made by people who wanted the experience of playing to be as fun or pleasurable or interesting as possible Jamie's girlfriend didn't need to get beaten up we didn't need to see her panties as she was taken away and while it may be somewhat empowering when she punches the bad guy we can recognize that this action is not central to the game over the course of playing you are always Jimmy a bro who punches other bros and your job is to rescue a woman who is entirely passive and who has no control over what you do in the game Double Dragon might be a story about heroism in some broad sense but it's also a male power fantasy it makes you feel good because you get to play as a badass and part of that fantasy is obviously achieved through violence against and sexual ization of a female character and we can see a few more examples of this kind of argument popping up in Thunder foots videos like at one point Anita wants to say that Mario games are generally male centered narratives that are structured around women losing agency but Thunderfoot has this to say one problem with Mario example Mario just so we are clear is an Italian polymer it really is hard to think of a more underrated underprivileged disposable and instantly forgettable male peach on the other hand is a princess oh no privilege there then oh I'm sorry did your pop culture critic feminist and womanly skills missed and again if Mario games happened in real life he'd be correct we would have to account for peaches princess privilege and for Mario's blue-collar job and it would be strange looking at all that information to say that Mario is the one with power here but clearly this doesn't really work looking at Mario games it might be interesting to point out that peach is of a higher social strata than Mario is but as far as the game is concerned this fact never means anything for the entire game peach is a princess in name and dress alone her character exists only so that agency can be taken from her so that the protagonist can save the day and win the lady back so is this game a story about social structures well maybe I mean I kind of like that idea but no matter what it's also a story about dudes getting and exerting power one that's facilitated through women losing power one final example and I'll try to keep this one short because I know this is getting old in a video called women as background decoration Anita sarkeesian points to this scene as an example of the things we've been talking about sorry Oh [ __ ] up too bad too cuz I would have given a stud like you a free sample and Thunderfoot disagrees with her by saying this now Pranita that's just turning a woman into an object however I see a different image in this video game scene this woman is not only in control she's the one calling the shots she's the one making her sexual intentions plain which personally I think is entirely healthy now again if this lady were a real human Thunderfoot would be right that she was exerting agency here women wanting to have sex with hotties is not male centric it happens all the time and for that reason Thunderfoot can't see any male tourism here but no this isn't the real world it's a game and while this characters actions can certainly be read as sexually liberating and while I wouldn't blame anybody for reading it that way we also have to acknowledge what this scene does and how it appeals to people this woman probably doesn't have many other lines in this game she doesn't seem like a person who has a number of character traits outside of her desire to have sex with the protagonist she exists to say this line to be sexual and to only be sexual to make the player character feel powerful and cool too bad too cuz I would have given a stud like you a free sample so why have I spent like five minutes now discussing one argument from a strange man on the Internet are these points really deserving of all that attention have I said something that surprised you well maybe not but these positions are gonna get interesting when we realize this refusal to engage with obvious and readily apparent interpretations of art this failure to understand that we can interpret games differently from real life this isn't some bad outlier in a sea of more coherent arguments rather it's the main idea that these people rely on it's what they're trying to sell us part to what's really at stake here ok that's the first main position that Anita sarkeesian wants to make that games have a tendency towards centralizing male narratives and toward using women as either props or afterthoughts in those narratives so here's her second and much more important position that games being like that that's a problem Anita isn't just here to make a bunch of neutral statements about what video games are like she wants to say that video games have some relationship to things like sexism misogyny the patriarchy negative and pervasive stuff she sees in our culture and this can claim is really where the meat of sarkeesian hate came from see people like thunder foot or Sargon liked to make little arguments against sarkeesian's descriptions of games made the silly points we've talked about before or nitpicked small errors in her analysis see she spoke too broadly about hitman her general observations about video games must be totally off-base but when we look at these people's videos we can usually find a common gesture one that's presented either explicitly or implicitly sure they say maybe games are often constructed around male ego fantasies and maybe women are often subservient to those fantasies but so what why is that bad or sexist or anything like that what's wrong with the hot ladies in my video games and as we're gonna see in order to sustain this attack on Anita sarkeesian's work in order to make her look as bad as humanly possible these youtubers are going to give us a very bent unnatural vision of what media is and of how we can interact with it so let's start with our main example the thing we're gonna talk about for the longest the way these youtubers discuss cultivation Theory cultivation theory is an area of research and psychology that attempts to study and demonstrate the impact that media has on people the sorts of behaviors and dispositions it cultivates and when these youtubers talk about this theory it is always to point out that the research has proven it false and apparently a 4-fold rise in the number of people playing video games has not led to any kind of increase in violent crime whatsoever it has in fact coincided with a decrease a dramatic decrease in these crime rates and this is despite the overall trend of increase in population that games have no negative impacts and after the game burnout was released you'd have expected to have seen a dramatic increase in the number of people trying to cause as much damage as possible in this suicidal car wreck and we didn't that we have the science and the science proves that Anita sarkeesian is wrong because I am from Gama Kate and I care about facts and evidence and reason now this argument is really fascinating to me because it seems to rely on an understanding of art that is both totally wrongheaded and a bit gross like okay let's say for the sake of argument that these people are absolutely right about their science every study we've done shows that video games cause no shift in behavior or disposition our research into cultivation Theory has given us nothing but a bunch of bummed out psychologists now assuming all this let's ask a question what exactly would these findings mean to Anita sarkeesian's claim that video games can be harmful well to these youtubers it seems like it would mean everything mean that her entire work was a sham no matter how much anita needs there to be a connection between playing video games and their behavior in reality because let's be real if there wasn't the entire premise of the series that she'll feminists to give her $160,000 to explore would be [ __ ] but to me it would mean absolutely nothing and why is that well here's one big reason I don't think that science is actually capable of disproving obvious facts about the way people work media's ability to cultivate behaviors emotions and dispositions isn't some incidental point about it that requires further proof rather it's the entire reason why media exists in the first place people seek out art to be affected by it to learn things or feel things people make art to give others those experiences to connect with their audience or persuade them or whatever media is cultivation it is the process through which the ideas and a mad nations of others can be made somewhat available to us so that we can understand and be affected by them and science might be able to describe and quantify the impact that art has but it can't be used to deny the fact that art exists or that what it says matters to us but okay as much as I like this sort of utopian talk about how art is inherently meaningful and as much as I think that's true it doesn't really resolve Thunderfoot or sargans challenge here sure they might say or is by its nature inactive cultivation but how are we supposed to know what its cultivating and more than that how can we possibly tell when that cultivation is bad well to these tubers to make the claim that any work of art is cultivating bad stuff we'd have to look at the way that work of art is received by the surrounding culture study the impact that it's had and find out if it's causing real people to do terrible things to each other so I guess we're back to using science and cultivation theories to prove our points about media and since the murder rate isn't up and since sex crimes aren't on the rise I guess that the pattern sarkeesian is pointing out in videogames can't really be a bad thing now I can honestly see why this argument was compelling to people it seems to make a lot of sense right if you want to say that art is bad you've got to make sure that it causes bad stuff to happen but even though I'm sympathetic to the people who bought into this logic it is still as far as I'm concerned terrible logic and that's for one reason when people say that art has destructive or toxic messages they are almost never referred to the literal destructive impact that the art had on the real world instead they're making a claim about the work itself about what it says to us so to show you what I mean by that let's do a little thought experiment say a film is made that is unabashedly Nazi propaganda let's call it Lubin's Lubin every moment in this film conveys in an ironic love for Nazis and an explicit hatred of Jews let's say that this film is so horrendously racist that nobody in society can possibly be influenced by it to become Nazis the vast majority of people watch it critically tear it apart maybe even reflect on how silly and gross Nazism is the remaining minority might enjoy and agree with the film but those people are incapable of becoming more Nazi than they already are they are peak Nazi already agreeing with all of the film's messages before they ever side now if what's argon and Thunderfoot says is true if the only way to say a work of art is toxic is to look at its literal impact on society then we would be unable to condemn Lubin sh Lubin since the film has no tangible effect on anyone's behavior but see that position makes no sense at all everybody with a brain knows that this movie is bad politically not in a way that means we should ban it but in a way that is worthy of our scorn and disgust and it's not bad because somebody might become a Nazi when they see it no it's bad because it advocates bad things Nazis are evil humans live in likes Nazis so Lubin sh Lubin is evil that's it our burden of proof has been met now watching Anita sarkeesian's videos she does site cultivation theory a few times says there's a causal relationship between video games being the way they are and people being sexist and to be honest I kinda wish she hadn't said those things like I think they're probably valid to some extent but I do genuinely believe that cultivation theory is a huge confusing red hair and a waste of a media critics time nine times out of ten but that said when you look at the trajectory of sarkeesian's work you can see that she means something very similar to what we described in our thought experiment we can see this whenever she talks about games it's pretty obvious but let's just look at one example in her discussion of Double Dragon she calls the games treatment of violence against women regressive crap most recently Double Dragon neon in 2012 reintroduced new gamers to this regressive crap yet again and it's not like she had some data to back that up right she didn't wait for the Double Dragon studies to come in and prove that the game causes regressive behaviors and of course she didn't do that because she doesn't have to she is a person who experienced this work of art and she's claiming here that what she saw in it was bad that it normalizes the idea that women should be used as passive props in the narratives of men that it stipulates that violence against women can be understood as erotic when Anita sarkeesian sees these things in society she thinks they're all full problems and for that reason and that reason alone she also thinks they're awful when advocated for in media ok I can already feel some comments coming in objecting to the things I've said here and that's fair enough so let's move on to some other anti Anita sarkeesian arguments like here's the thing that these youtubers might say sure it's may be the case that certain Nazi propaganda films can be condemned on their own merits because they explicitly call for harmful acts to be done but that same logic cannot be applied so easily to the games that Anita says are problematic because those games don't all call for harmful acts like sarkeesian criticizes the use of prostitution in games but as Thunderfoot points out prostitution is not inherently any more immoral than is any other labor exchange we're all selling our bodies in one or another so why are we gonna sexes work here you see the core here is Anita wants women to be ashamed of selling sex or sexual imagery and I think that if they want to make an informed decision to sell sex or sexual imagery then that's fine sarkeesian criticizes the use of damsels in video games but as the amazing atheist points out in his cameo in this video when women are damn sold in these games it's usually posed as a negative thing something that the protagonist must put an end to I could perhaps understand that attitude if the games Anita was attacking were advocating such a thing but these acts are almost universally committed by the bad guys who the hero must then defeat now honestly I think this is a really lackluster argument it just doesn't make sense to reserve our judgments of media to only those things that the work is actively calling for we also have to look at subtext and coding and the way that the work creates meaning in the wider worlds of art and culture and keeping with our Nazi propaganda theme which I guess we have here let's use let's use this boy as an example now if we were all living in some kind of post bigotry utopia that never had any concept of anti-semitism it's hard to see why this image would be a problem there's nothing wrong with having a greedy character in your media so why would it be wrong here and yes this guy is recognizably a grotesque rendering of various jewish characteristics but why is that a problem isn't it okay to draw people Jewish people included in a grotesque manner and besides what harm is this image advocating he's just a boy an innocent boy minding his own business hunting for turnips but no this image obviously sucks because in the society it was used in it conveyed terrible ideas it serves to implicitly justify racial hierarchy and to normalize the idea that Jewish people were subhuman it is because we recognize that this piece of art is a reflection of the culture that made it and because the opinions expressed by it are still present in modern society that we say this art is harmful it's not all about what happens on the surface level and because of this when we're presented with these games will sometimes have to answer complicated questions for instance what perspective does this game have on prostitution Oh looking for good time I can give you a good deal too bad you have friends along I'm not into group ting come around next time I might even give you freebie to make up boy doesn't make us reconsider our puritanical sects negative biases give us empathy for the people who work these jobs or does it sort of thoughtlessly glorify a series of bad things portray sex trafficking and tourism as fun and goofy and alluring play into a historical tendency to treat Asian people as exotic and subservient I haven't played whatever game I'm pulling a clip from here I can't answer this question and the answer might be very complex but when Anita sarkeesian says that the second answer is more true and gives evidence for the idea that that's a common theme in video games responding with the statement but in a vacuum prostitution is perfectly fine is not a real argument it doesn't actually deal with the work at hand or the society that made it all it's really saying is I don't see anything wrong with this drawing I can't see what you're finding a problem with here and it's like cool you know got'em dude alright one last super quick argument Thunderfoot sometimes says that games can't be sexist or harmful because they're sold under capitalism and people buy them notice how the camera moves how it focuses on and zooms in on specific body parts to highlight the aspects of women meant to the most important my god this pop critic his sharp skills yeah that's quite right Anita the camera focuses on the sexual nature of the women because in reality the audience is mostly men he says that like it's almost as if these games are designed primarily for men and boys isn't it yeah it's almost as if they had a particular demographic in mind and they catered to that demographic claim 3 the video game industry is dominated by male perspectives surprise [ __ ] surprise but what he seems to have forgotten is that you can buy cigarettes under capitalism and you can buy an apple under capitalism cigarettes kill 400,000 people every year but apples they don't do nearly that much damage it's actually said that they keep the doctors away you might think that cigarettes should remain legal and I'm sympathetic to that idea but you'd have a hard time convincing me that they're not harmful to the people who use them thus I have proven that not everything sold under capitalism is equally good for us ok so looking at all these arguments that these guys made to try to show that Anita sarkeesian's points were bad we've been trying to figure out if what they were saying in these videos was true but now that we've shown that they're not true at least to my satisfaction it only makes sense to ask a different kind of question what are these arguments here to do what do they want from us and the answer is simple these arguments whittle away at our ability to interact with media as media to prevent us from making any kind of claim about the impact or importance of art whether it's because the science hasn't come in yet or because we can only talk about the explicit message of a work or because capitalism functions as some kind of safety blanket against criticism the point is always the same you may think that you can talk about the worth of art from Apple it or moral perspective but in fact that's just a mirage anything you say about media is just an unverified and likely unsupportable position and you should probably forget about it but where does that leave us part three so what's at stake here do these people Thunderfoot and Sargon do they really believe any of the stuff they've been saying well no of course not these guys like to pretend like the heat Anita sarkeesian not because of what she says but because of who she is and the damage she causes they talk about how she sucks because she released her video slowly and didn't like being harassed on the Internet talk about how she's a fraudulent grifter who gets her lackeys to phony and bomb threats so she can make more money she's actually a con artist who fakes and orchestrates her own harassment in order to gain sympathy which she uses to scam people into giving her money it's kind of funny because it's so ridiculous is that ridiculous though because I mean you have benefited from threats made at you about how she's a fait gamer and so she shouldn't be talking about games about how she's a hypocrite because she's pretty and uses her clothes and makeup to look even prettier because it's not like you in real life whatever use of appearance enhancing cosmetics you know like them like bright red lipstick to imply arousal or I makeup to draw people's attention to your eyes do you think that if I had sex with her she taught me and while I'm sure that these guys really believe all of those things we can still read between the lines here a little bit these guys are unapologetically anti-feminist and because of that they see no reason to change media to make it more feminist and they don't criticize and Nita sarkeesian's work because of cultivation Theory I mean where are the studies that show that these videos are causing murder rates to increase and they don't criticize Anita sarkeesian's work because she explicitly calls for immoral actions all she does is give her opinions about media right and they don't criticize Anita sarkeesian's videos because they exist outside some benevolent capitalist structure I've got some hot news for you Anita sarkeesian's work is actually facilitated by capitalism no they hate Anita sarkeesian's work mostly because she says stuff they think is bad she's a feminist who wants various things about games to change and they disagree with her vehemently about it it's the same basic reason why she criticizes games they just hold the opposite position and saying all this it kind of makes you wonder why I'm even making this video I mean I spent God knows how long now giving my case against these arguments that were said like five years ago they sent her on a feminist critic who's a lot less relevant than she used to be and meanwhile the people making these points don't even seem to believe them how is this not just me wasting my time well here's why I'm making this video because people like these use arguments like the ones we've talked about to try to control your mind intentionally or unintentionally they are alienating you from one of the most fundamental things about being a human your ability to understand and interpret art as a person who lives in our culture your capacity to recognize messages and to treat the minds and ideas of other people as important you give all that up and what do you even get in return a big slab of dirt that says [ __ ] feminism on it a meaningless token that reminds you that your games are fine and that nothing should ever change about them and that anybody who says different is just an unenlightened snowflake Sargon and Thunderfoot and whoever else these people want to convince you that they're offering a good deal here that they are giving you more than they are taking away but they're wrong and it matters that they're wrong so that's the end of that incredibly long video I hope you enjoyed it if you did go ahead and like comment and subscribe and give me money on patreon if you want to or whatever now it's time speaking of patrons for my patreon question of the video Myles toughs asks hey mr. Joel how much thought do you put into your costuming / set design for the camera + narration segments in your videos hours and hours to choose that blank red background and put on that sweater but I did get a haircut for this video to look better for it so maybe that counts for something so all of the time it took to get that haircut that's it alright thank you for watching and I'll see you in the next video bye | Reddebrek | UCyhoKI98zPwE5RkfPq8vh1A | 2019-02-27 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 5,537 | 30,567 |
B5CHvg66uUc | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B5CHvg66uUc | Credit Card Basics - Build Your Credit Score | hey guys in this video I'm going to talk about how you can use credit cards to help improve your credit score and also how it can help you earn extra money but before we talk about any of that we need to establish if you're even a good candidate for a credit card credit cards are great financial tools for people that can follow a budget and are strict on their spending so if you're the type of person that will go and spend almost all of their credit limit and then carry debt from one payment period to the next payment period you are not the person I'm talking about you should not get a credit card it will wreak havoc on your life but if you're the type of person that's going to stay within their budget and pay off their debt at the end of each payment period you're the person I'm talking to and we're going to talk today about how you can use credit cards to get the bank to start paying you instead of the other way around one of the main reasons why you want a credit card is to help improve your credit score credit scores are what banks look at wherever they go to lend you money the higher your credit score the better borrower you are to the banks so credit scores range from 300 meaning the banks aren't going to loan you anything all the way up to 850 meaning the banks would lend you just about anything you want you might be thinking well how do I get a credit card if I don't have a credit score or if I don't have any credit history I'm all new to this well you're in luck because there are some options to you if you're a student in college they actually have what's called a student credit card these are actually really nice credit cards for considering you don't have a credit history this was actually the first type of credit card I owned I had a student credit card that was through Discover and just for my credit card for example I got some pretty nice benefits with it so they offered me five percent cashback on certain items each quarter if I apply to their promotional so basically each quarter they might say give me five percent cashback on groceries or restaurants and just depended on the quarter and then I would get one percent cash back on every other purchase so that's really nice that's cash in my pocket for spending money I was going to spend anyways with my debit card so that's if you're in college so let's say you're not in college what credit card can you get if you don't have credit or let's say you you tanked your credit and now you can't get another credit card where do you go now to improve your credit you can do what's called a secured credit card secured credit cards work by you put a deposit down for the credit card saying is normally the deposit you put down is about two hundred to five hundred dollars and you're putting a deposit down on that credit card saying if I default on my payment you guys can take this money to pay that default payment it's basically the exact same concept as say you were in an apartment you pay a security deposit you have a friend come in punch a hole through a wall and now you've lost your security deposit that hole through the wall was your missed payment for your secured credit card so the benefit with the secured credit card is it helps you build your credit up so you can get in unsecured credit card the whole idea of a secured credit card is just to boost your credit up enough so you can start getting the better credit cards and the better interest rates from banks and we're about to go over an example of how having a better credit score can save you thousands on your mortgage or thousands on whatever loan you take from the bank because the higher your credit score is the better the bank see you as a borrower and they're going to treat you better this example comes directly from a website called my FICO and I'll make sure to link that website in my description below just in case you want to check it out in this example we're looking at a fixed-rate mortgage of two hundred and sixteen thousand dollars and in this example we'll be looking at the two extreme ends of credit scores so let's say you have a 760 to 850 credit score you could expect to get a three point three four percent interest rate on your loan however if you have a credit score between 620 and 639 you would receive a four point nine three percent interest rate instead this difference in interest rate will result in two hundred dollars a month which is seventy two thousand dollars over the 30-year period of that mortgage that's 72 thousand extra dollars that you could be putting into a retirement fund instead of sinking into your house so as you can see having a better credit score can save you thousands of dollars on the loans if you need to take out anything for residential or cars it makes a huge huge difference so please please please keep that in mind whenever you're going to buy that extra pair of shoes and thinking about defaulting on your credit so having a higher credit score will not only just give you better interest rates for loans that you're taking out from banks they'll also give you access to better credit cards and by better I just mean credit cards that have more benefits associated with them if you have a higher credit score banks are more willing to approve you for credit cards that have better travel plans and better cash back plans I don't do a ton of travel so I normally don't get credit cards that have really good travel plans associated with them but I do get credit card have good cash back systems with them and I typically get anywhere from thirty to fifty dollars back a month on cash back so as long as I'm staying inside my budget for that month with that credit card I'm essentially getting paid by my credit card company for using their credit card because I'm not paying them any interest or anything and I'm only buying things that I've set up in my budget so that extra thirty to fifty dollars is all gains for me so once you get a credit card there's a couple factors that you want to keep in mind to make sure that you don't actually hurt your credit score by using that credit card the FICO credit score takes into account five different categories in the first and most important category is your payment history your payment history basically just tells banks if you're on time with your payments and if you've been paying off your full amount of debt each payment period if you are to miss a payment that missed payment will stay on your account for seven years so that'll be hurting your credit score for seven years so it's so important to pay off your entire debt at the end of every payment period every month if you want to have a credit card and to have a good credit score so another big category you're gonna want to keep in mind with your credit cards is your utilization rate or your amount owed a utilization rate basically is just the amount you owe on your credit divided by your credit line so let's say you have a thousand dollar credit line and you owe $300 this means you have a utilization rate of thirty percent so the utilization rate makes up about thirty percent of how FICO determines your credit score and FICO recommends that you keep a utilization rate of thirty percent or lower typically the utilization rate works by the lower your utilization rate the better your credit score is I typically try to keep my utilization rate between five and fifteen percent and it has really helped my credit score because of that so this brings up the point of old credit card accounts so wherever you close an old credit card that means that you're gonna lose that credit line so that means maybe you had two credit cards you have a $5,000 credit card line and you have a $10,000 credit card line you were to go and close that $5,000 credit card line you don't have as big of a credit line now at the base you what you went from a $15,000 credit line to now a $10,000 credit line so your utilization rates gonna jump up whenever you close that old credit card so this brings up the point maybe you don't always want to close old credit cards because this is gonna increase your utilization rate and it can actually hurt your credit score which is kind of backwards if you're thinking well I'm not using that credit card as much I should just go ahead and close it I don't have to worry about it but it can actually hurt your credit score if you do that and if that whole credit card account is zero annual cost it would make sense just to keep it open another reason why you might want to keep it open brings us to the next category which is your credit history so when you close old credit card accounts you can sometimes lose that credit history FICO might not take into account the old credit cards that you had on your account and have now been closed so let's say you have a old student credit card account that's eight years old and you just got this new nice credit card that gives you better cash back or better points on travel and you want to go ahead and close that old student credit card account you might not want to do that because wherever you close that old student credit card account your credit lines gonna look now like hey this guy just got this new credit card he has it say only a few months whereas you had that student credit card for eight years and it might not take into account wherever they're looking at your credit score so if you're not paying any annual fees on that student credit card I would just keep it open because it's not going to hurt you and it can only help you on your credit score your credit history will make up about 15% of your FICO credit score so as the third largest category of the five and the last two categories make up 10% of your credit score apiece according to FICO the last two categories are new credit and types of credit so these aren't going to be as big of factors as your payment history your amount owed in your credit history so it's not as essential to make sure that these are looking great as long as those first three categories look good because those first three categories make up 80 percent of your credit score so your new types of credit this basically just as the name implies it's how often you're getting new credit accounts so if you're it can look bad to lenders whenever you're opening up multiple new accounts quickly because it could represent that you are a risky borrower because it means hey maybe they're just trying to open up a ton of different lines of credit so that they can get more money to spend and the types of credit is basically do you have a mortgage or is is this on all credit cards and it can help your credit score if you have moult lines of different credit and you've been paying them all back responsibly that can help boost your credit but like I said it's only worth ten percent of your credit score so it's not super essential to have a high credit score to have multiple types of credit but it does help that wraps up credit cards guys credit cards are great financial tools to help boost your credit score and earn you thousands of dollars over your lifetime if you know how to use them correctly if you're the type of person that's going to budget and pay off their debt in full every payment period on time then go get yourself a credit card because it's gonna take the money out of the bank's pocket and put it in your pocket however if you're the type of person that's not gonna budget and blows their credit line every month and rolls over debt to the next payment period do not get a credit card please don't get a credit card it's going to destroy you financially so just avoid all that hassle just know the type of person you are and you're gonna be a lot happier because of it and on that happy note guys that's gonna end the video thank you so much for watching guys if you found the video helpful give it a like and subscribe to the channel this is a new channel so I'm excited to see where it does go and as always thank you so much for watching guys I'll see you next time | Logan Rempe | UC4iCK5TP-vhuVHyBtJ8JetQ | 2019-09-16 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 2,297 | 12,075 |
ouD-tCvZad8 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ouD-tCvZad8 | iChild: How the media is Programming the Brains of our Chlidren [ Joshua White] | all right wanna say good morning and evening and afternoon to everyone here again it's a pleasure to be back and again want to thank the present truth outdoor camp for the invitation to share there are so many things that we could talk about along the lines of true education many very vitally important topics as we talked about yesterday how urgent it was that we understood it i hope that yesterday was a good introduction and an inspiration to do further study on the topic of true education our topic that i'd like to share today is one that was a special request by the president the organizers at the present truth outdoor camp and we're going to talk about what i've titled i child how electronics and media are affecting our children's minds and of course it's not just our children it affects all of us but we're going to talk a little bit specifically of how media affects our children and i know there are many discussions and many presentations and a lot of information out there available on the topic of media and how it's affecting us and many of these go into the content of the media and how there's a lot of bad content out there in media and and that's important it's important that we recognize that but i would like to go a step beyond that in today's material and look at how media itself is affecting our children because many times we think well okay if we change the content and we we make the content good then it'll be okay when the reality is the the research is showing us very clearly that it's not just the content that the problem is the problem is just with the environment of the media the way the media affects children the way it interacts with their brains uh it affects their eyes and many other things that we're going to look at and so we just need to be informed about what these things are doing to us let's have a word of prayer and then i'll start the powerpoint and we'll go through some material our father in heaven thank you again that we can come together and albeit digitally and share in this vitally important topic one of satan's greatest attacks on this generation has been media so lord we ask for your holy spirit's guidance as we embark on this topic lord i pray that you'll speak through me that this material this message will be from you giving me the right words to say i pray for your holy spirit to open our hearts and minds to understand your truth and lord i pray to be with all the technology and the internet connections maybe have a good a good connection and that everything will be heard and understood well thank you lord and we ask in jesus name amen so again our our topic today is i child now i will hasten to add that this is an overview as i have here on the slide this is just an overview there is a lot more material on this and if you like more again as i mentioned yesterday you can go to our website that's a thinkinggeneration.org we have a lot more information on there including a dvd series called i child where we have about three hours of material on this topic and for those of you who are international we do have it available on a little usb drive it's very inexpensive to ship and so we want to make that available to everyone who is interested in that you know it's interesting i was looking for a um a stock photo a while ago and i typed in on the website that i was looking at for some stock photos i typed in mind control and i was just curious what the algorithms would generate for images along the lines of mind control i imagined maybe an image of a mind and somebody seeking to to take hold of it or maybe you know some people think of injections or something like that and i was just curious what the search algorithm would come up with for mind control let me put let me show a screenshot of what it came up with there we go as you can see this is all about media even the algorithm that recognizes how media is affecting us and how it is controlling our mind and um you know we know this is playing a role into the end times as people are being controlled by what they are viewing and by the media and its addicting power which we'll talk more about but as it relates to children we know that children are spending more time on electronic media than they do in any other activity except sleeping and whereas young people are spending even more time than that the current average is around 8 to 12 hours per day with 75 to 80 of children having access to a smartphone and nearly 40 of children using tablets or even more probably since i i gathered this data and we could go on down the statistics about how much time is being spent in media now it's so it's over two hours a day spent on just purely social media and entertainment media nothing useful it is time worse than wasted but that's not the point this morning maybe some of you are saying well i don't use 8 to 12 hours a day i hope not i hope none of us here are spending that much time on media and you know maybe some parents and teachers here are saying you know i would never let my children use that much media i again that's good and i hope not but here's the point whether or not we're using you know whether we're using 10 hours or 10 minutes of media a day the point is that we're using more media now than we would have say 50 years ago before this stuff was even invented you know this is a new invention this is something new that has come over our world something new that we're interacting with and so we need to not look at so much about how much time we're spending as how much does or how does it affect us even if it's just a little bit of time how do these things affect us and you know let's just consider a cost benefit analysis i do realize that there are many benefits for media we're using it right now and i'm thankful for this technology that we have to communicate and to spread the gospel around the world that's good it's a good use of media media can be used as a tool but we need to be very careful about how we use it and we need to make sure it is always used as a tool and not a toy not something that's just entertaining us and the reality is we have been grossly uninformed because there's while there is a lot of research available you don't hear it very often especially by those who are say selling the media because it would not be in their best interest um to be to be uh talking about the negative effects and again there are benefits and there are damages i fully recognize that but the question is do the benefits outweigh the damages or the negative side effects or do the damages outweigh the benefits so let's look at some of the damages and i want to consider the first point being the addiction factor media is incredibly addicting and we need to realize uh just how addicting and how powerful this addiction is i'll start with a little story maybe any of you who's heard my presentations on media you've heard this little story before but it's actually a true story this little boy who was four years of age one morning at four o'clock in the morning he came into his dad's bedroom he woke his dad up and he said daddy i need the ipad i need the ipad he said well his dad took this little boy back to bed and said no you don't need the ipad you need to go back to sleep it's only four o'clock in the morning however at seven o'clock that morning when his dad got up again and woke up he noticed his ipad was missing from beside his bed and he went looking and he found this little boy in the living room playing games on that ipad the battery level indicating he'd been playing games for two hours and the thing was this is not the first time this little boy had done such a thing and as his parents considered the symptoms and the his actions they realized he was becoming addicted to the media he couldn't control himself he was an ipad addict now i realize it sounds a little bit crazy but the reality is this little boy is not the only one as crazy as it sounds we knew how we now have a new category of tech addictions i should say a new category of addictions called tech addictions it is medically diagnosable they are addictions just as strong as any drug addiction and they're affecting very young children according to an article a while back titled toddlers are becoming so addicted to ipads they require therapy children as young as four are becoming so addicted to smartphones and ipads they require psychological treatment now this particular article mentions a doctor in the uk who has begun a technology addiction recovery program specializing in toddlers which is just terrible just to even recognize that i mean that should just grab our attention that this entire addiction program was focused on toddlers not even on adults but this doctor said young technology addicts experience the same withdrawal symptoms as alcoholics or heroin addicts when the devices are taken away the same withdrawal symptoms as alcoholics or heroin headaches now let me talk to you in about another researcher named dr nicholas cardares dr nicholas cardares he wrote a great book called glow kids and he is one of the world's foremost addiction specialists he's worked with very difficult addiction cases he understands addiction more than just about anybody out there and he uh has recently turned his attention from drug addictions to media addictions and here's what he says let me read you a quote from him i have worked with hundreds of heroin addicts in crystal meth addicts and what i can say is that it's easier to treat a heroin addict than a true screen addict now that should just make us pause and say wait a second easier to treat a heroin addict than a screen addict i i'm sure there are no parents here who would willingly give their children heroin uh you know that we would just never think of such a thing and yet how is it that we regularly give them uh something that could be even more dangerous even more addicting that should be concerning so the question would be though what constitutes an addiction let me talk about some of the the identifying symptoms of an addiction and these are things that we find with drug addictions as just the same as we would find with media addictions talk about a few of them here withdrawal so just as like when you have a drug addict or alcohol addict when you withdraw them from that or when you take them away from that substance you're going to see withdrawal symptoms we're talking about physical things happening in the body as a withdrawal you're going to find the exact same thing with media specifically you're going to have depression and anxiety as a result of taking away the media from someone who is addicted so if you notice your child when you take away the media if they are irritable or anxious or sad or you know some of those types of symptoms that is a good indicator that they actually are experiencing an addiction to that device tolerance now just like a drug addict will need stronger and stronger drugs to be satisfied to get the same effect device users will also develop the same tolerance whereas you know uh we see this in the more intense video games you know they started off with maybe the simple seemingly harmless video games and they go on to more intense and more violent video games or maybe they were okay with just 10 minutes on the device and now they need 20 now they need a half hour now they need many hours those are indicators of addiction a loss of interest in other activities so child who once loved to just play outside and enjoy life now they're just wanting to spend all their time on the media that's another indicator of an addiction a lack of control now this is something we associate typically with an addiction and definitely an indicator if they can't control their usage if they just can't stop doing it then that's an indicator of an addiction deception or also denial when if if the child is lying about their usage and trying to hide how much they're using it that can indicate an addiction could also indicate they're looking at content that's not good or the two may be going together addiction and bad content a means of escaping reality now this is a big one when a child who is facing ace or dealing with some stress or a sad situation and they revert to spending time and just immersing themselves in the media that is an indicator of an addiction and look i'm sure we can see all these symptoms are not just for children so i hope we're applying this to ourselves as we're going along here and then the final one sort of culminating in severe addictions is just losing out on important opportunities in life failing at relationships failing in school performing poorly at work you know in the case of an adult these are all signs of an addiction and so you know i'm sure as we look at these we can realize again it's not just the children the adults are experiencing these things too um but it's just interesting to me that we find the same symptoms with drug addictions that we do with technology addictions and also chemically in the brain we see the same things also so we need to be very very careful about these things there's a reason that according to the laws in most countries around the world we don't let children have access to addicting substances we know they can't control that usage i'm not saying it should be available to to any age but there are laws saying no children cannot access these things because we want to protect them and so you know there are actually some researchers arguing that no we need to make it illegal for children to use certain types of media because it's addicting they can't control their usage and while you know maybe the laws of the land won't prevent that parents have that opportunity to make that choice and regulate what their child is using what they're exposed to now a question that may be coming up in some lines is okay so what really are the current recommendations in terms of the age at which a child is allowed to use media that is a difficult question to answer because it depends on who you ask you see unfortunately many times the media or i should say the research corporations tend to be a little influenced by both the culture and the media companies and so the american academy of pediatrics for many years recommended no screen time under the age of two dr dimitri costakas from the seattle children's hospital he said no that needs to be age three other researchers said no that needs to be age seven or age eight and really the situation actually is the more research we're doing about media the more we understand how it's affecting children we keep raising the age and saying no you know it's five no it's six no it's seven no it's eight you know we keep raising that age because we see the damage we see what it is doing to children dr chris brown who's a pediatric occupational therapist wrote an article a few years back called 10 10 reasons why handheld devices should be banned for children under the age of 12. so dr rowan was actually arguing that it should be illegal for a child to use devices under the age of 12 years of age and so it does depend on who you ask but if you're looking at the science if you're looking at the research you're going to be limiting or possibly eliminating media for children at least under the age of 10 possibly 12 or or even older than that and as i mentioned before if it is needed for a tool for you know a legitimate use then that's one thing but in terms of entertainment media i don't think we need an age limit for that actually it should just it should not have a place in the christian's life and again there's a lot more we could talk about this i just want to mention um well okay let sorry let me run through a couple of these things here so dr rowan talked about the rapid brain growth that's occurring in early childhood and how children need or we see the aspects of development in the brain many of the things here on the slide are developing in the early years of a child's life and if we are replacing those good experiences and the teaching and the learning from the parents the hands-on activities outdoors the practical useful work all those aspects of true education if we're replacing all that with media children will actually miss out on aspects of brain development if that media is brought in at too early of an age dr rowland also talked about how many children are entering school developmentally delayed now and part of the reason for that is movement and activity is absolutely essential for development and if we are putting them in front of the media where they're not getting sufficient whole body activity it's actually delaying their development including their mental development and academic readiness higher rates of childhood obesity are another huge factor with more media use during childhood sleep deprivation we know significantly affects brain development and growth and all aspects of development during childhood and they'd find that children who have access to media either late in the evening as we'll talk about in a moment or just they have it in their bedrooms with free access look they can't control that it is an addicting substance and so you're going to find sleep deprivation rates very connected with the rates of media in fact one study out of boston college found that 75 percent of children are chronically sleep deprived and 75 of children are allowed technology in their bedrooms media of some kind in their bedroom and so there's a direct correlation there with how media being allowed free access media in their bedroom is is linked to sleep deprivation which we know is very linked with many other developmental problems mental illness and rates of aggression and attention deficit disorders i'll talk more about that in a moment all connected though with more media use early in childhood addictions as we talked about radiation emission we know the world health organization has classified cell phones as a possible carcinogen due to radiation emission and we believe that children may be even more sensible sensitive to this than adults and so uh you know what are their current recommendations well it depends on which research organization you ask but if you're looking at the research and science you're going to be limiting or eliminating it for children under the age of 10 12 something like that there are also many health risks associated with media this came from the common sense media foundation they did a meta-analysis of over a hundred different studies and looked at the results of media on child's uh children's health outcomes and they found many health risks i'll just put a few here on the slide we found higher rates of childhood obesity i mentioned that already more tobacco and drug and alcohol use lower academic achievement earlier and more sexual behavior attention deficit disorders again and higher rates of hyperactivity all connected with media use in childhood and then one that's particularly damaging and i want to spend just a few more minutes on this one is eye damage we know that the rates of nearsightedness are going up around the world and research is indicating that this is very connected to media use part of the reason for that we know that looking at something in the distance is your eye is at rest but when you focus on something up close the muscles that control the shape of the lens have to contract and i'm giving a very brief synopsis here of this but that's that's called a chronic or a an acute spasm but if you're focusing on something for a long period of time even a book but especially the screen you know think of how close the screen is usually to the eyes it's typically quite close just a few inches away especially a smartphone or so or something like that that proximity to the eyes causes those muscles on this that control the shape of the lens to be contracted and contracted and contracted for long periods of time and they reach a point what's called a chronic spasm where they don't relax as naturally and this can cause an inflammation of the eyeball which can then lead to myopia as it's called or as we often just refer to it as nearsightedness which is the most common eye problem in the world and again the rates are going up and research is indicating this is very linked to media use again especially in childhood there's another factor though research has found that children who spend less time outside are at a greater risk of developing myopia and again media is typically an indoor activity you're not going to find much of that outdoors even if it was outdoors you wouldn't be getting the same benefits of the great outdoors and so spending time outside is actually healthy for the eyes but staring at the screen is negative for the eyes and can be linked to myopia and near-sightiness there's another factor though and that is something we call blue light light as we know it exists on a spectrum and if we look here at the screen we have on the right hand side of the spectrum is the red light and red light is low energy the wavelength is is long and the energy levels are low but as we move across the spectrum the wavelength begins to get shorter and the energy levels of the light go up so that on the side of it on the other side of the spectrum we have blue and then violet and then past that we know is a light we can't even see called ultraviolet light which is very very high energy any of us who get a sunburn know how high energy that light is and so you may be saying okay what does this have to do with media the screen the way it is illuminated it doesn't really matter what color of object you're looking at on it but the way the screen is illuminated it has a large portion or a significant concentration of blue light more than the other colors of the spectrum in fact let me share with you a statement from scientific american the light from our devices is short wavelength enriched meaning it has a higher concentration of blue light than natural light so the the screen is illuminated with a lot of that one side of the spectrum that's a lot of high energy light now this light as we read here blue light penetrates all the way to the retina which is the inner lining at the back of the eye and laboratory studies have shown that too much exposure to blue light can damage the light sensitive cells in the retina this causes changes that resemble those of macular degeneration which can lead to permanent vision loss so this type of not only are the screens up close and uh not outdoors so we're that's linked to myopia but now we see even more permanent and more damaging effects on the eyes from the blue light that we're getting from the screen and for those of you who are wondering right now yes you can get the blue light filters those are good those are helpful they don't completely get rid of the problem you can also try to do your screen use in the morning that's a little more helpful as i'll explain in just a moment here i i do want to clarify that not all blue light is bad blue light is is is unnecessary light in fact sunlight has a lot of blue light in it especially in the morning and we know that this type of light helps us with being alert with improving our mood helps us in our cognition in our memory most importantly though it's very important for regulating the body's circadian rhythm and here we see yet another problem with the light that is emitted by our screens is spending time on the screen can actually disrupt the body's circadian rhythm so imagine you go out in the morning there's the sunlight lots of blue light it's telling your body hey wake up it's time to get up it's the morning but if you're in the evening and you're spending time on your device and you're watching a video or on facebook or whatever it is then you're getting a lot of this blue light it's telling your body that it's time to wake up when it's you know definitely time to go to bed and research shows us that even if a person does not realize it this type of light and spending time on the screen before you go to bed will negatively affect your sleep cycles even if the person doesn't realize it although some people do notice that they struggle to sleep and go to sleep when they've spent a lot of time on the media and it's also an amazing just fact about our creator sunlight has a lot of blue light in the morning to wake us up and throughout the day the color of that light changes so we all know that in the afternoon in the evening the color of the sunlight becomes more golden that prepares our bodies to go to sleep so god designed us to spend a lot of time outdoors again there's so much we could talk about that i'm moving very quickly through this our point number five is interactive media many people tell me like okay yeah i understand media is bad we got rid of the television and i don't let my kids watch movies we just do the educational games and and the more interactive types of media [Music] that's great that's a great start however research shows that interactive media is actually worse than television we know how bad television is just sitting there and the brain shuts off and you're just being entertained and you're not engaged and you're not thinking the research shows that the negative effects of television are actually intensified in the interactive types of screen use especially gaming [Music] as we find this comes from dr uh i believe it's dr victoria dunkley who's done research on the effects of both the the television versus the more interactive forms of computer using gaming and things like that she found in in some of her research that just 30 minutes of either computer use or gaming caused disturbed sleep and daytime fatigue compared to two hours or more of a television required for similar effects so the the tv the sorry the gaming was four times worse it only took 30 minutes of the gaming or the computer used to get the same bad effects that you had to get from two hours of television use and she explains that the very interactiveness the part that we think is good that is actually overwhelming to the developing nervous system and it will it can cause damage to the nervous system now i just want to mention games for a moment games are like video games are like everything bad in media rolled into a package there is no place i just want to say clearly there is no place for games in the christian's life let me read you a statement here again this is from dr cardares as he describes the development of games the developers strap beta testing teens with galvanic skin responses ekg and blood pressure gauges in other words they take these teenagers who are testing the new games before they're released and they attach various sensors to their body that galvanic skin response actually measures stress in the body if the game doesn't spike their blood pressure to 180 over 140 they go back and tweak the game to make it have more of an adrenaline rush effect now i don't know if there's any medical professionals listening here today but pretty sure we all know that 180 over 140 is a not a healthy blood pressure that's borderline dangerous but the game designers don't care about this they're actually designing the game to stress your body to raise adrenaline levels and to release as much dopamine into the system as possible so that it becomes addicting while i'm on the topic of dopamine we know that dopamine is a feel-good chemical it makes us happy and dopamine is released in many different ways eating some good food uh spending time with a good friend or especially accomplishing a task these will all release dopamine into the into the brain and that makes us feel happy and and good about what has been accomplished or whatever the case may be and so this is good god created us to be happy and he created this chemical in our brains the problem is that media also causes the release of this every time you get a ding on your smartphone when you get a text message that causes a little a little bit of dopamine into the brain and you get a like on facebook or a like on instagram or some kind of social media that also causes a little release of dopamine and so as this happens over and over and over your brain is getting i'm oversimplifying this process here but it your brain is getting so much dopamine released over and over and over through all these text messages and likes and the media environment that he begins to close down the receptors the dopamine receptors so pretty soon you need more dopamine for the same feel good effect so what are you going to do well you better send more text messages you better post more on facebook so you can get more likes or maybe play some more video games all of these things cause the wreath release of more dopamine into the brain so now what do you need to do well you're gonna have to do more and so it becomes an addictive cycle that you have to do more and more and more media to get the same feel-good effect from the dopamine that's being released in the into the brain so that's part of the addiction cycle that's why this is a chemical thing happening in the brain and to break away from it is actually a challenge and there will be some withdrawal symptoms from that as the brain heals but the the key here as dr kadaris explains the key is to prevent your four or five or eight-year-old from getting hooked on screens to begin with so prevent it don't even go there that means lego instead of minecraft books instead of ipads and nature instead of tv here's a secular scientist giving us a principle that we find in the spirit of prophecy of true education and that is something better don't don't get started on the bad replace the bad with something better now i'm going to go to a point on attention deficit disorders media is very connected with attention deficit disorders and part of the reason for this is that it is designed to hold our attention now you may be saying what's the problem with that is is there a problem with media holding our attention how is that causing an attention deficit disorder the problem is the media itself is doing the holding of the attention it's forcing the child to pay attention and we'll explain how that works in a moment so that when there isn't something that is grabbing their attention they get bored and they can't pay attention as dr healy explains here much of the early development of physical and mental skills and of their foundations in the brain comes from experimenting and solving problems with real world materials the long-term outcomes of forcing children's attention unnaturally may have even more serious implications than we have realized notice the words here forcing their attention in other words they are not the ones having to hold their attention something else is doing it for them continuing most children's programs are planned with an eye to capitalizing on these involuntary responses so the involuntary responses of the brain there are certain things that grab our attention naturally three things in particular loud noises if you hear a great big noise your attention goes to that very quickly without you even thinking about it bright colors grab our attention as well as sudden movements loud noises bright colors and sudden movements these all grab our attention without us having to think um we just immediately turn to that without thinking about it and then we will process it later these are for our safety you know it's something if that quick movement just to use that as an example if somebody throws something at you you catch that out of your corner of your eye this thing coming towards you you're going to duck you're going to move and then you'll think about it later you're not going to turn and slowly think about this thing that's flying out you know you're going to react and then you're going to think about it later it's for our safety it helps protect us god designed us that way but media designers understand this too and so as we have the the sudden movements the rapid screen changes the the noises the environment the bright colors especially on children's programs the very active fast-paced environment this is designed to grab the attention over and over and over and over and it's also triggering the brain's response to danger just as you would have if something was flying at you and you duck and yet you're just sitting there watching it so it's it can be confusing to the brain also and what it is doing though is it as it is forcing the child to pay attention as every scene changes telling the brain subconsciously it's telling it pay attention pay attention pay attention pay attention pretty soon the child loses the ability to hold the attention for themselves as children are conditioned to having something else hold their attention they lose the ability to hold the attention for themselves and so pretty soon school is not going to be as interesting they're not going to be able to focus and we start to see attention deficit disorders and there's so much research that we can look at dr demetri castakis talks about the connection between attention deficit disorders and media use dr victoria dunkley dr jennings bryant uh many many more studies from the common sense media foundation the journal of pediatric psychology the american academy of pediatrics again from dr dmitry costakas a study from the university of amsterdam and i could just keep on going down the list hundreds of studies that have been done showing the connection between media use and attention deficit disorders it is definitely been shown very clearly from research that this is the case and so we need to be very careful with this i'm going to talk about something else known as digital dementia now we all know dementia comes often later in life and it's a sad condition where it's it's a physiological change in the brain and it makes people unable to remember things and then you know deteriorates from there as we know we don't typically associate dementia though with young people however recent research has been done this first came to light in south korea which has the highest smartphone ownership of any country in the world and they use a lot of media and technology and doctors recently started noticing problems that led them to coin a phrase called early onset because it was happening in youth digital because they thought that that might be what was causing it dementia early onset digital dementia and they described it as a deterioration of cognitive abilities that is more commonly seen in people who have suffered a head injury or psychiatric illness and they estimated nearly 15 percent of young people were suffering from this condition they did another study in ucla this is in the united states they found that about 14 of young people aged between 18 and 39 were complaining of memory problems and as they started doing the research they realized that individuals who rely heavily on technology may suffer a deterioration in cerebral performance such as short-term memory dysfunction and they actually found that this was not just a psychological thing where people weren't remembering things as well this was physical alteration in the brain and as they they analyze the brains of these young people they're like this looks like dementia this looks like the beginnings of dementia and they realize it was connected to higher rates of media use the individuals were relying on the media to hold the information and to remember things for them we all can recognize this how many of us just rely on google to answer the question for us we rely on our gps to get us around places we don't have to remember phone numbers because it's all stored in the phone and i could go on down the list and this is not just again it's not just a psychological thing it is physically affecting our brains so that our memory powers are being diminished i'd like to skip ahead here to our last point on the damage to the anterior cingulate cortex damage to the anterior cingulate cortex the anterior cingulate cortex is a fascinating part of the brain that is located within the frontal lobe this is a vitally important part of the brain and it's you can see here on the slide important for many functions i want to focus on the last two on the list here error detection and the center of the free will so the anterior cingulate cortex is important for recognizing between truth and error discerning between truth and error do you think that would be important for the christian of course right this would be vital for the christian to be able to recognize between truth and error and also the center of the free will so what science is telling us this is the part of the brain that is the moral the seat of moral decision making what does this have to do with media they have found something known as media multitasking i'm sure we can all attest to sometimes we're watching something uh maybe watching a video and we also are texting on our phone or we're just using our phone and our our laptop right there together going back and forth that would be a form of media multitasking we're using two devices at the same time another form of media multitasking can be just on one device as i'm sure we can relate as we're uh doing something on the computer and we're switching back and forth and back and forth between tasks and we go to our email and then our whatsapp and then our um you know we check the news and then we we work on this little paper we're doing and then we have to google search something and you know how that is constantly switching back and forth between tasks this is another form of media multitasking and what they're finding is that this fast pace always switching back and forth doing one thing and then another and then another this begins to shrink this vitally important part of the brain higher media multitasking activity is associated with smaller gray matter density in the anterior cingulate cortex and so um this this environment this this non-focused where you're just switching back and forth uh scrolling and clicking and and switching between tasks this is causing a shrinkage of this vitally important part of the brain certainly not a risk we want to take now in the remaining time that we have i just want to cover a couple of other quick points one of them being the question on educational media because one of the most common arguments given in favor of children's media use is its educational value many parents say well yeah i understand television gaming things like that those are bad but what about educational media now for sure children can learn some things from educational media but we need to see whether it's actually helping let me give an example here this is just an illustration from many parts of the world this was done in the united states in the state of arizona in one school district called the kyrene school district they decided to be innovative when it came to media use and they spent millions of dollars at the time this article was written they spent 33 million dollars just in this one little school district on educational technology and they had another 40 some million dollars that they were planning to spend and so if anywhere should be seeing some benefits from educational media it should be the school district they have the best instructional material the best software the best hardware the best training programs you know it was all there they did the absolute best to implement educational media and technology so how's it going for this school well since 2005 that's the date they started this this experiment scores in reading and math have stagnated they stayed the same in kyreen the school district even as statewide scores have risen so everyone else around them is doing better and they're improving whereas since the time that this school district started using educational media they have not advanced they asked the district superintendent um you know do you do [Music] what do you think is it is it benefiting you he said this he said my gut is telling me we've had growth but we have to have some measure that is valid and we don't have that well i'm glad he did recognize that his gut feeling was not enough reason to spend 33 million dollars but um yeah you know and as i mentioned this is just one example across the world and test scores can go up and down for many reasons of course but to many education experts something is just not adding up across the world those districts those schools who have implemented media and technology use they're not seeing benefits from it they actually did a study in the us it was the study itself cost 10 million dollars to conduct this is a massive research project they looked at 15 educational software products it was the most extensive federal study yet to follow methods that the us department of education considered scientifically rigorous this was a really big research project that they did what were the results what did they find about whether these educational software products were actually helping children here's what they found no difference no difference in academic achievement between students who use the technology in their classrooms and youngsters who used other methods the the fact of the matter is as tom vander who actually invests in educational media i'm glad he's honest though he said the data is pretty weak it's very difficult when repressed to come up with convincing data or as larry cuban from stanford university said there is insufficient evidence to spend that kind of money there is no body of evidence that shows a trend line and this is just a sampling of the research we have yet to find a definitive example of a benefit from educational media in a school school district or school system we may see some initial gains right uh quickly soon after they implement the educational media but in terms of a long-term research project we have never found to my knowledge there is no research out there finding or that has found a long-term benefit from the use of educational media it's just not there on the flip side though there are research projects um even school systems that are very good examples of not using educational technology and the benefits of that for example the waldorf school system or as it is called in some parts of the world the rudolf steiner schools and i'm not advocating for these schools they have some ideas that would not be aligned with true education but they have a very interesting policy in that they believe children should be involved in hands-on things like play artistic work songs games stories outdoor time practical tasks cooking cleaning gardening things like that that's that's excellent that they're doing that but they also have a no media use policy these schools don't let the children use educational media at least until the eighth grade so the question would be okay here's a research project of schools and these are global schools that are not using educational media do we see any benefits we saw that schools who are using educational media are not seeing benefits do we see any benefits from not using media absolutely these schools are world renowned actually for producing some excellent students uh most going on the very prestigious universities and what's perhaps even more interesting is that there are some of these schools in around the silicon valley which is as many know a technology one of the technology capitals of the world so why would there be school in the technology capital of the world here's why the chief technology officer of ebay sends his children to a nine classroom school here the waldorf school of the peninsula so do employees of silicon valley giants like google apple yahoo and hewlett-packard you see the tech company ceos and employees are sending their children to schools not using technology i wonder if they might know something we don't know about how media is affecting children and they don't want their own children using it here's alan eagle he's a computer scientist he works for google i fundamentally reject the notion you mean technology aids in grammar school the idea that an app on an ipad can better teach my kids to read or do arithmetic that's ridiculous chris ederson is ceo of 3d robotics he says my kids accuse me and my wife of being fascist and overly concerned about tech and they say none of their friends have the same rules that's because we have seen the dangers of technology first hand i've seen it in myself i don't want to see that happen to my kids and probably most famous of all was steve jobs himself former executive of apple computer speaking of the ipad and his children he said they haven't used it he says our children have not used the ipad we limit how much technology our kids use at home so the ones selling it the ones promoting the media as educational are the same ones saying well actually we don't let our children use it i wonder if they might know a little more about its dangers than we do we should we should think about that now finally i just want to i want us to contrast the screen versus reality the reality is that our children are growing up in a world that is not real in many cases the children who are immersed in media from a young age we know from research that this affects their minds so that they become it becomes much more difficult for them to discern the true and the false to discern the real and the fake and we know that this is an incredible danger for the last days when god's people will need to be able to serve by his help and by his communication by his holy spirit to our minds we need to be able to discern between the true and the false between the real and the fake and media use damages our ability especially children's ability to do this um let me explain okay here's again from dr nicholas cardares children develop their sense of what's real and what isn't which is what psychologists call reality testing between the ages of three and ten if they are exposed to reality blurring imagery during that key developmental stage now that's what media is media is not reality it will compromise their ability to discern reality i believe this should grab our attention more than anything else we've talked about today that children's ability to discern reality to discern between the true and the false is being compromised by the use of media that should that should make us turn away from it and not let it be a part of our homes and let's just make a contrast also with the way childhood used to be you know children used to play outside they got plenty of physical exercise they helped with the daily work inside and out they learned by exploration they experienced real life consequences they learned with pencil paper textbooks and a human teacher that's the way it used to be but now we've pushed that aside we've replaced it by media instead of playing outside we've given them a counterfeit they're playing on a smartphone or a tablet instead of physical exercise they're sedentary they're indoors they're watching tv instead of the daily work inside and out it's been replaced by screen based entertainment instead of learning by exploration we give them things that are already been created already dished up to them on the screen instead of experiencing real life consequences you just press reset right it is ctrl z you don't have any experience in reality when you're on the screen and we've replaced the learning environment as it used to be with ebooks and interactive whiteboards and educational games when the research shows very clearly though that the way it used to be is far better just take the first example they're playing outside children who play outside are more fit and healthy they have stronger immune systems they have more active imaginations they're more creative lower stress and anxiety less aggressive and violent behavior they have increased attention spans and better cognitive function and that's just one sample of the benefits of god's ways and all of these things that are benefits of being outside and we find that media will do the exact opposite it's like a counterfeit satan is attacking on every one of these points and so many benefits of being outdoors so many benefits of being in the sunshine um even real mud we found research we talked about um oh we didn't talk about it yesterday but research has found there's beneficial bacteria in the soil from putting your hands in the dirt benefits of being in the garden there's so many benefits of useful work and i just for just for a bit of of thought and humor here if your child can use a smartphone they can easily operate any of the above they can easily operate any of the above this is the way it used to be let's um let's go back to that more natural practical environment that children used to have and i also just want to mention it's not just the children it's not just the children the parents need to be careful about their own use of media and the influence that they are having on their children in the last five minutes here i just want to give an appeal to the parents and i want to start this with what we read in the adventist home page 237 that if the mother fails in her duty to do three things instruct guide and restrain her children will naturally accept the evil and turn from the good instruct guide and restrain instruct guide and restrain many times we focus a lot on the instruction we want to teach them about something and that's good that's important we'll focus a lot on the guiding them helping them make decisions that's good but that restraint we often don't want to do that i was just recently reading about eli we know the story of eli how he was a priest he was a judge in israel he held high and responsible positions in the nation but where was his failure he was a nice man he was a godly man he taught his young people he taught his children hofty and phineas but he did not restrain them he did not say no this is not allowed you're not going to do this he did not rule his own household and i want to read here okay god charged eli with honoring his sons above the lord those who follow their own inclination in blind affection for their children indulging them in the gratification of their selfish desires do not bring to bear the authority of god to rebuke sin and correct evil make it manifest that they are honoring their wicked children more than they honor god apparently thinking about this i bring this up because many times um i thought i had another slide but i don't okay many times as i talk about media parents will come up to me and say you know i i want my child to hear this information so that they can make better decisions about media and they often just hope that their young person especially will start making better decisions and not being so addicted to the media but god has given parents the responsibility to guide and direct we know from research that children don't have the ability to regulate their own usage of the addicting substance called media because the brain is not fully developed the areas of the frontal lobe are not developed enough to regulate their usage so god has given parents the responsibility to regulate that and so parents need to have a definitive rule and a guideline in their home now there are certain things like video games that should have no place in our children's lives it should have no place in our homes it should be like like smoking and drinking you know many christian families the children would never consider smoking and drinking we would think no of course i wouldn't do that i wouldn't do drugs but we do the media we do the video gaming i think we should class the video games in that same category of something we would never even consider and it's also important to realize this is uh again from child guidance it is an important law of the mind one which should not be overlooked that when a desired object is so firmly denied as to remove all hope right just never it just won't happen ever not in six months not maybe later not in five years it's like smoking drinking and doing drugs we never we will not have video games in our home just for example whatever the case is in your home you know what what the lord has convicted you with and you know what the guidelines should be in your home but it is a law of the mind if there's it just it isn't an option an object is so firmly denied as to remove all hope what will happen we have what science calls now neural plasticity the mind will soon cease to long for it it says and it will be occupied in other pursuits the brain changes god can change us and this is the miracle of his transforming power but as long as there is any hope of gaining the desired object an effort will be made to obtain it and this is what i've seen so many times and it's like yeah you know let's not do that for a while or they just flip a switch and they throw something out but the children know that just let give it some time and i'll get this back eventually no parents need consistency their word needs to to their sway in the home about what is allowed and what is not allowed but there's a final point that is very important that we mentioned and i hope none of us miss it the wash word of true education is something better i was talking with a friend a while ago and he told me a story he also talks about media um in some seminars that he does and he said i did a seminar on media and a boy came up to me he was about 12 years old he came up to me and he said mr um i've got a problem he said okay what's the problem he said well every time my parents come to a seminar on media they take away my media use by a half of an hour a day he said so i used to be allowed two hours of media every day well then my parents went to a seminar in media and they took it away by half an hour he said but that was okay it was only a half hour i was all right but then my parents went to another seminar on media and they took away my media use by another half hour so then i only had an hour but he said i survived it was okay i still had an hour well then they went to another seminar in media and they took it away by another half hour and so look i only had a half hour and he said you know what this is the fourth seminar my parents have gone to on media look what's going to happen to me another half hour is going to be gone and i don't have any time left in media and this little boy was all upset about it and my friend asked him well what would you like to do instead you see replace it with something better and the little boy said something very sad he said well i'd love to go outside i want to go camping i want to i want to do fun stuff outdoors maybe we can grow a garden and and my friend said well why don't you do that he said well my parents don't want me going outside by myself and they're always too busy my dad won't won't come outside and do things with me and my friend very wisely said i need to talk to your father anyone when you're talking man said if you take something away from your child you've got to replace it with something else you can't just take away the media from your children and say all right now hope you find something else to do no friends if you take it away you've got to replace it with something else and the first and primary thing you can replace it with is time with them the first and best thing you can replace media with is time with your children because media affects the brain in a very much the similar way it's an artificial way but it affects it in that it forms a relationship with that child so you have an opportunity to replace that relationship replace the relationship they have with media with a relationship with you be interested in what they are interested in go do things with them have activities together do fun stuff together develop a relationship with them and if you do this more often than not they won't even want the media they don't need it because they found joy in something better let's close with the word of prayer father in heaven thank you for this research that's available to us we've seen a lot we've covered a lot of material lord i pray that you'll be with the parents here you'll help them to exercise the necessary instruction guidance and restraint that they will replace that time in media with something better activities together as a family the study of your word and prepare for the crisis ahead thank you lord we ask for your blessing and we ask in jesus name amen again i want to thank all of you for the opportunity to be a part of this event and again invite all of you to go to our website at thinkinggeneration.org there's a lot more material on there that we've been able to cover in these last two sessions and of course you can contact us there with any questions you may have had i realize these presentations have been rather one-sided it's just me talking i would love to hear the feedback and the interaction and the questions so please feel free to contact us there thank you | Life Destiny Television | UCOxqbMe73ZwuirC5rvEbUMQ | 2021-12-26 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 10,580 | 57,288 |
C17LvIa5pck | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C17LvIa5pck | Journaling Cards | Stenciling and Doodling to create a Journal Card to mail or for your Journal . . | my youngest granddaughters like to receive mail and I try to create things to send to them generally from the envelopes that I have on hand so welcome to my channel I call myself two old Crow's mix media my name is pig I like to create journals that you can write in I enjoy dabbling in encaustic medium from time to time I'm learning that process and of course there's a lot of other things on my channel everything from ATC cards to alter playing cards to ephemera Galore so if you like that hit that like button subscribe to my channel and the notification Bell let you know when I upload additional content so to get started I have these envelopes that I received in the mail from the company that I work for to it's if I don't even want to go into explaining why they did that but in any event I have these envelopes and I want to utilize them to create a little note card to send to my granddaughter so I'm starting with a piece or with a parchment white or a parchment colored paint and I went to get a very subtle background laid down so that I have just that parchment color I'm utilizing this stencil just rubbing the brayer over it to put that impression on the plate and then I'll pick that paint up with a piece of watercolor paper that I have cut to fit the envelope that I have on hand and it pulled the excess paint off of my gel press with an additional piece of paper that I'll use later for some collage purposes but right now I want to just work on this getting the stencil on the two note cards that I'm making so I started with the parchment did that on both and now I'm coming back with a powder blue same stencil same process here for the second color on both of these cards so just rubbing my brayer over that stencil on the paint and now we'll pick up that image in the powder blue color and there you go and I have both of them printed that way and I am stenciling in a brilliant blue on each of the cards and I have this stencil that has the plants or the little plant stems and I am using this to create the image on the front of the card and I'm just using a cosmetic sponge to transfer that paint or I might be using a baby wipe I think I'm out of cosmetic sponges and I am looking for those and the last two times I've been it and Dollar Tree they have not had them so I'm gonna have to find another source for those little cosmetic sponges but there you go and I'm happy with that but I think I want to add a little bit more so we'll just take that little stencil and go the other way as well and I've taped off the areas that I don't want to come through but now I want to use another part of that stencil so I need to either re-tape or be very cautious and I think coming right there will work and I'm going to trust my luck at being very cautious and I did okay so that helps with the first one we'll put just a little bit more off to this side and the baby wipe is working pretty good we have to stencil on the first complete so I'll let that dry and once dry I'm coming back and I am just going to doodle on this with a white pin and you can see up in the upper part of the screen that I had stenciled on that second one but I don't like that stencil it doesn't really give me anything to work with so I'll show you what I do with that in a moment but for the time being I'm just going to doodle on each of these little leaves on this plant with this white gel pen [Music] foreign [Music] and there you go so the first one is doodled and done and set aside in this one I am not happy with so I'm pulling out the gesso and I'm going to cover that first stencil and I'll let that gesso dry and then come back and work over the top of this so I've covered that I'm going to pull this a little flower out and in that Brilliant Blue go over the top of that gesso and we'll doodle this one with the same gel press pen and that completes the two little note cards I'll write a note on the back of those stick those in the envelope and send those off in the post to my two youngest granddaughters that enjoy receiving a little something in the mail so I hope you enjoyed please give me that thumbs up if you like this content and I hope you will take a moment subscribe to my channel here's another playlist you might like I'm getting ready to redo some notepads that I picked up at Dollar Tree so join me for that series I should | Two Old Crows Mixed Media | UCUundTbeTCXEPVJtkrzWAQQ | 2023-02-18 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 884 | 4,360 |
HJr68lh4GWI | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HJr68lh4GWI | Harley Eagle Lights Generation 3 Led Install on Slim Shady | what's up guys what we're gonna do today we're gonna install a LED light on this software slim 2017 this here is a eagle light it's a third-generation eagle light and with the halo ring around it so we're gonna be installing this it's a fairly simple install also I have been working on multiple bikes this entire quarantine pandemic and I will start posting more videos up on how to troubleshoot bikes or do your regular maintenance so please support the channel hit that subscribe button and give me a thumbs up and hit that notification bow as well and let's get to it first thing we're gonna do is we're going to remove the bottom screw with the Philips head screwdriver there you go and now for this one you do have three screws that you need to remove prior to removing the whole thing right so this plate is basically holding your headlight assembly so unscrew these three bolts that ring bracket will remove and you're able to pull out so now you have a clip and you want to remove that clip all right so once again this is the third generation eagle light for low beam output is about 2200 lumens and high high beam output would be about three thirty three hundred lumens there's really no wrong way to attach this it's kind of self-explanatory the three prongs you line them up with the other prongs and you just plug them in so you just want to make sure that when you're installing this you're checking out the tabs here and you want to line these up here as well okay that way you know that it's gonna be centered and straight up reinstall your bracket and just in case you are wondering that is my wife vixie if you want to follow her her Instagram is at really sterile 7-eleven before you do the complete and so on we have we at least have it sitting in there what we can do is we can test out the life all right so it is working on the lights room it seems to be working and we can continue all right so when you're reinstalling this you just want to make sure that you line up the tabs here with these okay and then you're gonna twist it and line it up with the screw once you're done there it should sit nice and flush we install that screw [Music] alright guys and that's how you do it once again thank you for watching support the channel and we'll see you on the next one | Nando’s Garage. | UCIps21JRB4Qy-Rx5dNMwCKw | 2020-07-03 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 441 | 2,292 |
-F_7CE_lBsg | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-F_7CE_lBsg | Lecture 5C - A Finite Integral domain is a field. | [Music] so now we will prove the next theorem that every finite integral domain is a field so let me write the proof so let d be an integral domain and d is finite so this d set will have elements i will write the finite elements now we know that integral domain must contain zero integral domain also contains unity so integral domain will also contain one and all other elements i will write as a two 2 a3 in between let me write a i let me write aj and the last element i am calling what i am calling a n okay so when i write these elements a 1 up to a n it is clear that all these a1 a2 a3 all these ai's they're all non-zero because i have written 0 separately so ai is not equal to 0 for i going from what value to what value i going from 1 to n correct now i will pick an element a which is not a 0 element and which is not also 1 in d so i will pick any one element amongst these people and that element i am going to call a and that a should not be 0 and that a should not be 1 okay now i will multiply the set con complete set by that element a so consider the set a into d so when i write the set a into d i'm going to get a into zero i'm going to get a into 1 and i'm going to get a into a 1 a into a 2 a into a j a i sorry a into a j and a into a n correct which is equal to what which is equal to a into 0 is 0 so that is 0 this is a this is a a 1 a a 2 and a a i a a j and a a in now this person here since a is not equal to 1 we have assumed that a is not equal to 1. since a is not equal to 1 by assumption this means that amongst the remaining people somebody has to be equal to 1 this implies a into a 1 is 1 or a into a 2 is 1 or dot dot till a into a n is equal to 1 sum 1 has to be 1 because right because these are all elements of d itself right so it is just shuffling of the elements say suppose i understand that a into a k comes up to be equal to y suppose i understand that there is some person a into a k and that a into a k turns up to be 1 this implies that a k is the multiplicative inverse of a a is not equal to 0 and therefore we have taken any element which is non-zero in the integral domain okay and that element is turned up to be a unit means it has a multiplicative inverse right now only one thing one must verify here that we have we have to write here that where have i used the fact that the set d is an integral domain right so we will just write that y you must get a one somewhere for some k some k so let me write it at the end note that a into a k cannot be 0 why it cannot be 0 because a is non-zero by assumptions a k is also non-zero by our assumptions here i've written above here a is also not 0 a k is also not 0 therefore a into a k cannot be 0 since d is integral domain okay so here i have used the fact that it's an integral domain and therefore now we have got any we have taken any a and we have found out the multiplicative inverse of a who is that multiplicative inverse of a that multiplicative inverse of a is a k i'm calling it ak and therefore we have proved that d is the field so we have proved that any finite integral domain is nothing but a field you | Pratul@Maths | UCOoAuy1lyFDtfKwMbjB_Obw | 2022-03-07 | Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed) | en | metadata | en | 707 | 3,123 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.