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I.—TRAINING SCHOOLS FOR FEMALE SERVANTS.
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Is it possible to point to a time when society had not some pressing claim to urge, some social evil to describe, which was said to demand immediate and special attention? We do not ask this question in a querulous spirit. On the contrary, we regard the answer which must be given to it as an encouraging fact; one which...
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The preceding observations may serve to direct our reader's attention to a complaint which is being made almost hourly by a large and increasing class of persons who may be said to represent the more thoughtful section of society. We allude to the alleged difficulty of obtaining good female domestic servants. We must
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ENGLISH WOMAN'S JOURNAL.
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Vol. III. March
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VOL. III.
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. 1. 1859. No. 13.
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assume for the sake of argument, that the complaint in this repect is well founded, that—as a matter of fact servants have deteriorated. The assumption will practically lead us onward to another point of much importance, and one which a watchful public has not overlooked; namely, the extent to which the difficulty alre...
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It is evident that in orphanages, workhouses, and all other establishments in which girls are boarded and lodged, and in which there is abundance of work to be done, it is perfectly possible, easy we were about to say, to instruct girls in the kind of work to which we have referred. We do not say that even in such case...
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(1.) Can instruction in plain cooking be combined with book-learning in girls' schools? We believe that industrial work, to be taught at all, must be taught practically. It is idle to speak of teaching it theoretically. All labor requires an actual apprenticeship. It is patent, therefore, that if cooking is to be taugh...
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is said to characterise self-evident truths. It always amounts, to this,—that the mistress should not only devote her attention to bookwork, to the intellectual training of her pupils, but also to the task of instructing them in industrial occupations. This answer deserves notice. We do not see that it is possible for ...
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"Then felt we like some watcher of the skies When a new planet swims into his ken; Or like stout Cortez when with eagle eyes He stared at the Pacific—and all his men Look'd at each other with a wild surmise— Silent, upon a peak in Darien."
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4. TRAINING SCHOOLS FOR FEMALE SERVANTS.
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With reference to household work it may be observed that some thing more suitable than the schoolroom and its stove must be found to give full scope to the abilities of those girls who are destitute of being initiated into the mysteries of a housemaid's art. In every way there are almost insuperable difficulties in the...
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Can nothing then be done towards the solution of the problem of rearing a better order of domestic female servants than we at present possess in this country? Must the stigma attach itself to our schools that they unfit the children who attend them for the stern duties of * Lord Macaulay's Essays, p. 486.
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TRAINING SCHOOLS FOR FEMALE SERVANTS.
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womanhood? These questions lead us to advert to what we conceive to be a remedial measure for the ills, of which society, as we said at the commencement of our remarks, loudly complains. Why should we not do something towards establishing in each county one or two training schools for female servants? There can be litt...
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BY AMELIA B. EDWARDS. At a time like the present, when women's claims form the subject of so much discussion, it is curious to turn back to the pages of old history and inquire what position was occupied and what influence was wielded by the women of the forgotten past. Were they more or less honored, freer or feebler...
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II.—MARGARET OF NORWAY.
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as it would be to hold them up for a commentary on the illiberal civilization of the East, it must yet be conceded that ignorance and superstition bore no small share in the equality of the Northern sexes. Hunters and soldiers themselves, the men of the Teutonic races sought only to be swift and strong, and left to the...
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The state of society in Northern and Central Europe differed widely at this particular juncture. Central Europe had begun to patronise the arts; was becoming acquainted with the literature, produce, and geography of the East; and had already established a reputation for gallantry and refinement. Northern Europe, on the...
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Had but lately relinquished paganism. They took no part in the crusades. They traded chiefly among themselves, and, unless under a piratical flag, were rarely to be encountered beyond that point where the North Sea first merges into the English Channel. Nay, so remote and barbarous were these regions supposed to be tha...
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Fiction apart, Waldemar III. was a patriotic sovereign, a temperate judge, and a profound politician. His life bears an outline resemblance to that of Charles II. of England, inasmuch as he underwent exile and adversity, suffered in his youth for the sins of
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his father, and in later life was called to the throne by the electors and the people. Wiser, however, than Charles, he devoted himself to the duties of his position, presided in person at the tribunals of every city and town throughout his kingdom, verified the title-deeds of the nobles, and endeavoured in every way t...
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Unable to deny the force of these arguments and reluctant to disoblige the chiefs of his new kingdom, Hako yielded to the importunities of the Swedish states, and despatched an embassy to Holstein. The marriage was then celebrated by proxy, and the bride embarked in a stately galley with all her jewels and attendants, ...
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was the month of December. The boisterous North Sea was more than usually treacherous, and the Lady Elizabeth was wrecked with all her suite upon the coast of Denmark. No sooner did these tidings reach Copenhagen, than King Waldemar sent an escort to bring the travellers to court, and received them with extraordinary s...
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Never handsome, she was at this time almost plain; but tall and strong for her age, and remarkably intelligent. Dark of complexion, ready of wit, vigorous both of mind and body, she was more like a boy than a girl, and the very reverse of her sister Ingeborg. So bold was she, indeed, and so clever, that her father used...
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in this matter of the Swedish alliance, is sufficient proof of the high opinion he already entertained of her talents. Thus it came to pass that, despite all hazards, she was King Hako's wife, and Queen of Norway and Sweden, at eleven years of age. Great were the rejoicings and brilliant the festivities in Denmark; fo...
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-- Industry, emulation, and obedience, however, are excellent lessons for rulers; and the Lady Martha was, perhaps, the very best governness that could have been chosen for a child in Queen Margaret's position. Learned, pious, and a strict disciplinarian, she
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labored both to cultivate the mind and improve the disposition of her pupils, and there can be little doubt that her tuition went far to form the future character and found the future greatness of her royal charge. It has been conjectured that, notwithstanding her extreme youth, Margaret had already conceived the outli...
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- Tedious disputes between Albert of Mecklenburg and the two deposed Kings (Magnus and Hako) next ensued; and an indecisive civil war which weakened the resources of all without definitely benefitting any, brings up the history of this epoch to the year 1370, when a general peace was concluded, and the new King of Swed...
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the expiration of which time, many conflicting interests helped to bring about a removal of hostility.
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Bring about a renewal of instruction. In 1875, Waldemar III. of Denmark died from taking some kind of quack medicine, and left no son to succeed him. His daughters, Margaret and Ingeborg, were the actual heiresses of his kingdom; but no woman had ever reigned in Denmark, and though each of these Princesses had now bec...
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Extravagant as some of these clauses were; they suited the temper of the nation, and inclined the deputies more than ever in favor of Olaf. All classes had now something to gain, and something to hope for—the peasant more liberty, the priest more power, the noble more license. Added to which, the national pride was gra...
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In 1880 King Hako died, and the child Olaf succeeded to the crown, so that at nine years of age he reigned both in Denmark and Norway. But Hako, though once deposed in Sweden, was to the last the legal inheritor of that kingdom, and Queen Margaret
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resolved that her son should unite the three great northern empires. Two were already his, and Sweden, the third, must become so at the death of Albert of Mecklenburg—perhaps sooner, for his Barons were openly discontent, and his incapacity as a sovereign had long been evident. In order, therefore, that Olaf might lose...
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In 1387, King Olaf died. He was very young—scarcely seventeen years of age—and had been sickly from his birth. He was succeeded in Norway and Denmark by his mother the Queen-regent.
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Her enemies accused her of having poisoned him to gratify her own ambition, but they were believed only by the vulgar. It would indeed be difficult, in this case, to assign any adequate motive for so base and unnatural a deed; but it were easy to show many reasons why she should desire him to live. In the first place, ...
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- In Norway, however, she had some opposition to encounter. More wedded to the customs and traditions of their forefathers than were their neighbours the Danes, these sturdy sons of Odin could with difficulty make up their minds to submit to a woman and a foreigner. First of all they required that she should marry; but...
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to appoint a successor and associate him with her in the cares of government—a stipulation almost as distasteful as the first. More than a year was thus consumed in negotiations, and Margaret at last consented to name a successor. Determined not to bate one jot of her power, she now sought, not the most suitable, but t...
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feet in length, and accompanied the gift by an insulting recommendation to sharpen her scissors and needles upon it, instead of meddling with the sceptres that men only were competent to wield. To these insults the Queen opposed a dignified silence, and despatched her legions by way of reply. The two armies came in si...
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ridicule of the people. * This done, she had the whetstone nailed to a pillar in Roeskilde Cathedral, where it may be seen to this day; and sent both father and son to the Castle of Lindholm in Scania, where they remained for seven years. However, not even this great victory established Queen Marg-aret's authority thr...
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Mecklenburg Rhyme Chronicle. VOL. III.
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(To be concluded in our next.) * "A cap she caused set on his head, That had full fifteen ells in breadth; The peak was nineteen good ells long."
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BY THE REV. J. S. HOWSON, M.A. Principal of the Liverpool Collegiate Institution. Women's Work.—how to find new industrial employments for women, how to make more use of their taste and skill in the province of art, how to educate them more usefully for domestic duties, how to reap the full benefit of their willing se...
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( 20 ) III.—LIVERPOOL INSTITUTION FOR THE TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT OF NURSES.*
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with the details of sickness, that a most inadequate or unfit provision is made for the necessary attendance on the sufferer, the administration of remedies, and such alleviation of pain as may result from care and tenderness directed by experienced skill. The poor are entirely without professed nurses; even the rich a...
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cannot learn the exact date of the paper; but, from the names which are appended, it is clear that it must have been circulated about thirty years ago.—i. e., not only long before the establishment of the Institution in Devonshire Square, London, (1840,) and St. John's House, (1848,) but even before the beginning of Pa...
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The concerns of the institution are managed by a small executive committee of ladies. The general committee consists of twelve gentlemen, four of whom are medical men, and four clergymen. A matron of course resides in the house, which is the home of the nurses when they are not engaged on service. I believe I shall se...
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--To these remarks on the possibility, without due care, of accepting unsatisfactory nurses, ought perhaps to be added a word on the possibility of losing good nurses. A family may be so grateful for the services of one of the body and so sensible of her usefulness, as to tempt her away from the institution by the pros...
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Another subject which deserves careful attention is the question of presents. The institution pays the nurses, and the institution receives the payment for their services, except when they are wholly or partially gratuitous. All this is most expressly pointed out, I believe, in the regulations alike of the two London i...
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One indirect effect of really good hospital nursing ought never to be forgotten. The poor would themselves be tantalised how to nurse by what they experience in the Infirmary, and thus a blessing of untold value would be communicated to the households of the less favoured classes. Here the question will naturally be a...
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understated, for (though a bargaining spirit has in some instances been exhibited, unworthy of those who could well afford gratefully to recognise the benefits they have received) it must be added that some of the donations are the result of gratitude for service—so that really there is much ground for encouragement an...
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This is by no means a local question. Nurses go from this Institution to great distances. There is no reason why donations should not come from a distance. There is every reason why sympathy in such a work should travel far and promote similar undertakings elsewhere—and this Association seems precisely the organization...
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Through these close-out alleys Paced Gabrielle; At her side, in royal pride, Henri bon et bel. Ah! my love across the sea, Dost thou love me as well!
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On such an Autumn night Long years ago, Fell the shadows on the meadows Of this old Chateau; All along the gabled roof The moonlight lay like snow.
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Trembling with a world Of hope and fears, She would wait by this old gate Watching thro' her tears, While he rode from Paris streets, Unguarded by his peers.
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He, as he came riding on, Knew full well, Where she stood outside this wood; Many a song doth tell How she loved this knightly King, La charmante Gabrielle [
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Clash and clang of swords Soon dies away, Shrined apart in a people's heart Love lives alway; France will not forget this name, Gabrielle D' Estrees!
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IV.—THE OLD CHATEAU. — The old chateau, which had been the residence of the family for many generations, was situated in a secluded valley, surrounded by woods and hills. The building was of considerable size, with high walls and towers, and had a venerable and imposing appearance. The interior was richly furnished, ...
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A FASTORAL. The village of Uppingham is a very small place, but, contrary to the general rule, it does not boast great things, being as modest a little village as any in the land. You will find it somewhere on the south-east coast if you search diligently, but we warn you it must be a diligent search, for it is undoub...
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( 27 ) V. — STILL LIFE.
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the right, the swelling and undulating meadows that slope down to the water, the old ballast wharf running out into the river, which makes such a sweep by us that it forms a miniature bay, the empty chalk pits where so many of our cottagers dwell, the grand old Roman road with the red sand banks on either side, down wh...
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Just now I am thinking of my first sorrow. I was down late that morning; Nancy had neglected calling us, I know now how busily she was engaged: but when I did get up the sun was high in the heavens, and the strong light streaming into my little window, making the room unpleasantly close. I had overslept myself, that wa...
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was against the rule for me to be with her unless she sent for me. Then I wandered into the kitchen: the doors were all open, the fire nearly out, and no Nancy to be found; so I went back to the parlor, and amused myself by watching the farm laborers. They were all in the orchard: the long white ladders stood by the tr...
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Strange that I can remember this my early introduction to sorrow so vividly, and that memory (capricious instinct!) can paint the very pattern of the paper upon the walls, the position of the bed, and the size of the window, which was bowed and barred with strong irons for our safety, and covered partly with a creeper ...
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my existence if it had not been for old Nancy, who abounded in anecdotes innumerable—some, we are bound to confess, not greatly to our credit—concerning our infantile prattle, appearance, and customs. At sixteen, being a tall girl for my age, and generally declared the image of my mother, who was universally allowed t...
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and children. Bonny and I knew all the cottages and their inhabitants for five miles round, one of my privileges being to carry wine, herbs, new milk, and other dainties to the sick, and bear my father's weekly allowance to the old men who were past work; to which I added, for my own gratification, a gossip with their ...
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When I recall the days of my early life, a kind of dreamy, misty quietness creeps over me,—a somewhat indescribable feeling which must be placed higher than contentment, but which could scarcely be called happiness. The shadowy past arises from her grave of buried years, and marches on for my inspection, not wrapped it...
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a foolish thought I argued, as I tossed, and turned, and twisted, and buried my head under the clothes, in the vain hope of burying my troubles at the same time. But such suggestions were not, alas, to be dismissed so summarily; and many hours of that night, and not of that night only, were spent in the vain hope of so...
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paths of their forefathers?" so I said, until at length I almost fancied that I was glad no young children were to climb upon my knees and kiss my eyes; but surely I could not have been altogether convinced, or else what need of further cavilling? And so, noiselessly as the drift weed floats down the stream into the v...
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How long the service seemed,—how strange to have an arm to lean upon, to be supported instead of being the supporter,—how glad my father would have been could he only have known that William was with me in my great trouble! VOL. III.
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You may be sure I had no need to remain at the farm after my father was gone, and certainly I had no wish to live alone in such a large house; so in the following spring I came over to Uppingham, and took a small cottage overlooking the river, where I brought old Nancy, Joe Watts and his daughter, Bony and my mother's ...
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But this is not the question at present before us. Taking the aggregate of surplus females to be what we have stated, the inquiry ought to be how we are to turn to the best account their powers of body and mind. We should be very sorry to propose that we should imitate any farther than we do at present the practices of
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the continent in rural districts, where women work in the field, until they become shrivelled and tanned like so many mummies, in the very flower of their age. In some respects, however, our continental neighbours act far more wisely than we do. Nearly all kinds of shops are given up to the management of women, whether...
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In many parts of the world, where there exists a considerable amount of literary taste, printed books have not yet got into fashion. The opulent, when they read at all, will have manuscripts to read, copied with exquisite delicacy, and often bordered with stars, flowers, and foliage in purple and gold. As these luxurio...
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books are produced by indolent writers, who doze over every letter, they emerge from the scriptorium—as the monks used to call their writing room—with marvellous slowness, and are therefore extremely dear. Now if the women of this country who have nothing more profitable to do, would learn to imitate the Oriental char...
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If the bazaars of the East were supplied with copies of what we may call the popular books of the Moslems, written on good paper, and made as far as possible to resemble Eastern manuscripts, at a reasonable price, we feel thoroughly persuaded that a number of our countrywomen might find occupation. The Asiatics themsel...
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much for him. He confided in others, and they defrauded him; he sent out agents to distant cities to buy and sell, but they became enamoured of the money and disappeared. He was, therefore, smitten with melancholy, and lay on his couch revolving in his mind the plan it would be proper to pursue. His beautiful wife, who...
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The wife silenced all objections by saying she had made up her mind to go, and that nothing could or should hinder her. Then she went and cut off her beautiful hair, put on her husband’s turban and the rest of his garments, and thus equipped made a tolerably respectable appearance. She was then furnished with letters a...
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reaching Mosul she was equal to the transaction of any kind of business. Her ability could only be equalled by the gravity of her demeanour. She inspired those with whom she dealt with as-tonishment, and by her perseverance and skill realised immense profits. When she had performed all she had undertaken her sole thoug...
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"And yet," observed the physician, "she is young." "She is nineteen," answered the merchant; "but you have many like her in your country."
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“Let us hope so,” answered the physician, “though as yet they have not fallen in my way. Perhaps, however, they abound here in Shiraz.” “So far from that,” answered the son of commerce, “I am convinced no one here will believe the story of my wife. They will think we have borrowed the narrative from the fictions of th...
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tary druggeries. In many parts of Europe they are the real hewers of wood and drawers of water to the community, and very good slaves they make too. Among mere savages the women do all the work, and are ill-used into the bargain; or if there be any department of labor, as hunting or fishing, which recommends itself by ...
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If women can do this, we think it may be regarded as an indication that they are equal to the performance of many other things, demanding depth of thought, accuracy of judgment, and delicacy of taste. Apart from the production of ideas, a great actress is a great orator. If this be true, some of the greatest speakers o...
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belong to the history of Europe, but we might adduce many others from among those of the actresses of our own day. One change in the social economy of England would naturally make room for many others. If several classes of shops in London, were, for example, to come entirely, or almost entirely, under the direction o...
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It is very probable, that to some extent this plan may have already been acted upon in England, it certainly has, in some few instances, on the Continent. We once remember in Tuscany to have met with an extremely pleasant and lady-like woman from some one of the smaller states of Germany, we forget which, who might hav...
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other points; and I found that they entertained a very favorable opinion of the Italians, who, according to them, were both pleasant and trustworthy. Among our neighbours of France, who as a nation are far less enterprising than the English, there are yet many individuals, especially women, who do things which would h...
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These facts we have mentioned to show how much enterprise and courage women can sometimes display when inspired by no higher motive than the love of gain; but they would be able to do infinitely better if society were to reform its views respecting their claims and destinies. When the Nemesis of civilization blights th...
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to help. Let women bear the wisdom of that old adage in mind, and study their own capabilities with reference to business. We need not be at all alarmed lest the progress of civilization should produce too many substitutes for human labor, and thus condemn a majority of Adam's children to eat the bread of idleness. All...
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To gain great things we must consent to sacrifice small ones. Manners are important enough considered by themselves, but sink into insignificance when thrown into the balance against duty and
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virtue. There are things which as human beings we must do, and great stress ought to be laid upon the way in which we do them, but obviously the main point consists, not in the mode, but in the fact. These observations we make for the purpose of neutralising the objections which the world often makes to the bearing an...
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Something not very dissimilar once happened to an English lady in Normandy. Without knowing the least thing about Italian, she determined to teach it, distributed cards, and obtained a throng of pupils. With the young ones, who understood no language whatever, she got on swimmingly; but as her evil stars would have it,...
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A somewhat ludicrous story is told of a Spaniard, who, having been driven from his country, and not exactly knowing what to do to maintain his position, and also to prevent his soul taking flight from his body, ventured to teach the guitar. This happened at Argentan in Lower Normandy. Having a natural ear for music, an...
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"The fact is," he observed, "I am a poor Spanish gentleman driven from my country, and having no means of living, bethought me of my country's favorite instrument, which has helped me on pretty well till now." " It has helped you much better than you imagine," replied the
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stranger. "There," said he, presenting him with a piece of paper, "is payment for my last lesson, which will be more agreeable to you. I feel assured, than many pieces of gold." The Spaniard took it, read it again and again, dropped it on the ground, and burst into tears. Could it be true? It was an order to return to...
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Unless we totally misunderstand our countrywomen, they are
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quite as well fitted as any in the world—we mean by nature—to achieve independence for themselves, though in order to give them a fair chance, there must be an entire revolution in the theory and practice of education. Let women preserve the delicacy of their sex by all means, but while keeping this polar star in view,...
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Of all the topics which have excited the ire of my grandfather's ghost, and caused it to use my mother as a medium for the utterance of condemnatory expressions, perhaps none has let loose such a deluge of eloquence as the present style of dressing little children. My mother rarely sees a fashionably attired mother and...
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Setting aside the slight difference of opinion which makes me think quiet reasoning would be as efficacious in inducing a change as any amount of raving, we, that is the ghost, medium, and self, most cordially agree when we discuss this particular theme. This being the case, albeit my years are comparatively few, I wil...
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