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ART002079209 | oai_dc | VDS 자료 기반 고속도로 교통혼잡비용 산정 방법론 연구 | Estimation of the Expressway Traffic Congestion Cost Using Vehicle Detection System Data | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김상구(전남대학교 물류교통학); 윤일수(아주대학교); 박재범(한국도로공사); 박인기(한국교통연구원); 천승훈(한국교통연구원); 김경현(아주대학교); 안현경(용인시청 대중교통과)"
] | PURPOSES: This study was initiated to estimate expressway traffic congestion costs by using Vehicle Detection System (VDS) data.
METHODS : The overall methodology for estimating expressway traffic congestion costs is based on the methodology used in a study conducted by a study team from the Korea Transport Institute (KOTI). However, this study uses VDS data, including conzone speeds and volumes, instead of the volume delay function for estimating travel times.
RESULTS : The expressway traffic congestion costs estimated in this study are generally lower than those observed in KOTI's method. The expressway lines that ranked highest for traffic congestion costs are the Seoul Ring Expressway, Gyeongbu Expressway, and the Youngdong Expressway. Those lines account for 64.54% of the entire expressway traffic congestion costs. In addition, this study estimates the daily traffic congestion costs. The traffic congestion cost on Saturdays is the highest.
CONCLUSIONS : This study can be thought of as a new trial to estimate expressway traffic congestion costs by using actual traffic data collected from an entire expressway system in order to overcome the limitations of associated studies. In the future, the methodology for estimating traffic congestion cost is expected to be improved by utilizing associated big-data gathered from other ITS facilities and car navigation systems. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002079206 | oai_dc | 연속철근 콘크리트 포장 수치해석 모델의 해석결과 정확도 개선 방법 | Accuracy Improvement of Analysis Results Obtained from Numerical Analysis Model of Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"조영교(경희대학교); 석종환(경희대학교); 최린(경희대학교); 김성민(경희대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to develop a method for improving the accuracy of analysis results obtained from a twodimensional (2-D) numerical analysis model of continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP).
METHODS: The analysis results from the 2-D numerical model of CRCP are compared with those from more rigorous three-dimensional (3- D) models of CRCP, and the relationships between the results are recognized. In addition, the numerical analysis results are compared with the results obtained from field experiments. By performing these comparisons, the calibration factors used for the 2-D CRCP model are determined.
RESULTS : The results from the comparisons between 2-D and 3-D CRCP analyses show that with the 2-D CRCP model, concrete stresses can be overestimated significantly, and crack widths can either be underestimated or overestimated by a slight margin depending on the assumption of plane stress or plane strain. The behaviors of crack width in field measurements are comparable to those obtained from the numerical model of CRCP.
CONCLUSIONS: The accuracy of analysis results from the 2-D CRCP model can be improved significantly by applying calibration factors obtained from comparisons with 3-D analyses and field experiments. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002079208 | oai_dc | 베이지안 기법을 활용한 공용성 모델개발 연구 | Pavement Performance Model Development Using Bayesian Algorithm | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"문성호(서울과학기술대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : The objective of this paper is to develop a pavement performance model based on the Bayesian algorithm, and compare the measured and predicted performance data.
METHODS : In this paper, several pavement types such as SMA (stone mastic asphalt), PSMA (polymer-modified stone mastic asphalt), PMA (polymer-modified asphalt), SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene) modified asphalt, and DGA (dense-graded asphalt) are modeled in terms of the performance evaluation of pavement structures, using the Bayesian algorithm.
RESULTS : From case studies related to the performance model development, the statistical parameters of the mean value and standard deviation can be obtained through the Bayesian algorithm, using the initial performance data of two different pavement cases. Furthermore, an accurate performance model can be developed, based on the comparison between the measured and predicted performance data.
CONCLUSIONS : Based on the results of the case studies, it is concluded that the determined coefficients of the nonlinear performance models can be used to accurately predict the long-term performance behaviors of DGA and modified asphalt concrete pavements. In addition, the developed models were evaluated through comparison studies between the initial measurement and prediction data, as well as between the final measurement and prediction data. In the model development, the initial measured data were used. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002079207 | oai_dc | 도로 램프구간에 대한 파손형태 및 원인에 관한 연구 | Study of Deterioration Phenomenon and Causes in Pavement of Ramp Area | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"황성도(한국건설기술연구원); 문성호(서울과학기술대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: The objective of this paper is to understand the deterioration phenomenon and causes in the pavement of a ramp area.
METHODS: Ramp areas need to be sloped because of the centrifugal force, which depends on the vehicle speed and grade of the ramp area. As a result, vertical and horizontal forces are applied on the pavement surface of the ramp area. Furthermore, the horizontal force depends on the vehicle speed and grade of the ramp area. In order to analyze the pavement structure of a ramp area, a multi-layered elastic analysis program was used to evaluate the weakest link of fatigue cracking deterioration, according to the simultaneously applied vertical and horizontal forces.
RESULTS : From case studies related to the bonding conditions between the surface and base layer in a ramp area, it was found that the partially bonded cases resulted in a critical potential of fatigue cracking deterioration, in a comparison of 50%, 70%, and fully bonded cases.
CONCLUSIONS : According to the results of the case studies, the pavement structure system should be reinforced by upgrading the material or increasing the thickness compared to the general pavement areas, in order to provide a performance life similar to the mainline pavements in the ramp areas. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002079202 | oai_dc | 4.75 mm 공칭 최대 골재 치수 아스팔트 혼합물의 효과적인 포장 시스템 적용을 위한 공용성 특성 평가 연구 | Evaluation of 4.75-mm Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size (NMAS) Mixture Performance Characteristics to Effectively Implement Asphalt Pavement System | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"천상현(Univ. of Florida Postdoctoral Research Associate); 김국주(University of Florida, Gainesville, USA); 박봉석(Univ. of Florida Graduate Research Assistant)"
] | PURPOSES : This study primarily focused on evaluating the performance characteristics of 4.75-mm nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS) asphalt mixtures for their more effective implementation to a layered flexible pavement system.
METHODS: The full-scale pavements in the FDOT’s accelerated pavement testing (APT) program, including 4.75-mm mixtures at the top with different thicknesses and asphalt binder types, were considered for the faster and more realistic evaluation of the rutting performance. The results of superpave indirect tensile (IDT) tests and hot-mix asphalt fracture mechanics (HMA-FM) based model predictions were used for cracking performance assessments.
RESULTS: The results indicated that the rutting performance of pavement structures with 4.75-mm mixtures may not be as good as to those with the typical 12.5-mm mixtures, and pavement rutting was primarily confined to the top layer of 4.75-mm mixtures. This was likely due to the relatively higher mixture instability and lower shear resistance compared to 12.5-mm mixtures. The energy ratio (ER) and HMA-FM based model performance prediction results showed a potential benefit of 4.75-mm mixtures in enhanced cracking resistance.
CONCLUSIONS : In relation to their implementation, the best use of 4.75-mm mixtures seem to be as a surface course for low-trafficvolume applications. These mixtures can also be properly used as a preservation treatment that does not necessarily last as long as 12.5-mm NMAS structural mixes. It is recommended that adequate thicknesses and binder types be considered for the proper application of a 4.75-mm mixture in asphalt pavements to effectively resist both rutting and cracking. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002079201 | oai_dc | 도로기하구조 조건에 따른 차량별 온실가스 배출량 산정사례 적용연구 - 맑은 날씨를 기준으로 - | Application Methodology of Greenhouse Gases Emission Table for Various Types of Roads and Vehicles | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이종학(한국외국어대학교); 최재성(서울시립대학교); 노관섭(한국건설기술연구원); 허혜정(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES : This study aimed to offer a greenhouse gases table to assist a road designer in calculating the greenhouse gases for a road environment when making a decision about an alternative road.
METHODS: This study developed an operation mode table of greenhouse gases using the MOVES program. Similar factors for Korean vehicles and fuels are reflected in the MOVES program, which was made in the USA. Finally, a paired t-test was conducted to calculate the site data and MOVES data. Through these studies, a methodology was suggested for calculating carbon emissions based on various types of roads alignments.
RESULTS : The site results for a passenger truck on the road were statistically significant when the vehicle speed was above 65 km/h.
However, a future study will consider factors for various road alignments and vehicles.
CONCLUSIONS : This study will contribute to the theoretical basis for reducing carbon emissions from roads by helping road designers make decisions about road alternatives in terms of the road environment. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002079212 | oai_dc | 효율적인 도로정보 제공을 위한 도로표지판 개선방안 제시 | A Suggestion for Improved Road Signs Providing Efficient Road Information | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"권성대(광주광역시청 교통건설국); 김윤미(전남대학교); 김재곤(전남도청 건설방재국); 하태준(전남대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: While road networks are becoming increasingly complex, traffic signs are being indiscriminately installed and operated, which makes drivers who depend on traffic signs to reach their destination confused and unable to understand road information efficiently. In order to promptly and exactly guide road users to their destinations, traffic signs should be able to satisfy the functions of connectivity, visibility, and location suitability. However, the results of a site survey shows that most of the traffic signs currently installed in the Jeollanam-do Province do not satisfy these functions.
METHODS: This study analyzed the problems of traffic signs after an actual site survey and focused on a total on 9,353 traffic signs and 70 road routes in Jeollanam-do Province.
RESULTS : This study analyzed the problems of traffic signs based on their required functions (connectivity, visibility, suitability) and suggested improvements by establishing a guide system that considered the problems found in the study.
CONCLUSIONS : The guide system can be utilized as a basic material that provides efficient road information for future installation and maintenance of traffic signs in Jeollanam-do Province. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002079211 | oai_dc | 거시적 교통류모형을 이용한 고속도로 돌발상황에 따른 탄소배출량 산정연구 | Estimating Carbon Emissions due to Freeway Incidents by Using Macroscopic Traffic Flow Models | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"손영태(명지대학교); 한규종(한국교통연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for estimating additional carbon emissions due to freeway incidents.
METHODS : As our country grows, our highway policy has mainly neglected the environmental and social sectors. However, with the formation of a national green growth keynote and an increase in the number of people interested in environmental and social issues, problems related to social issues, such as traffic accidents and congestion, and environmental issues, such as the impact of air pollution caused by exhaust gases that are emitted from highway vehicles, are beginning to be discussed. Accordingly, studies have been conducted on a variety of environmental aspects in the field of road transport, and for the quantitative calculation of greenhouse gas emissions, using various methods.
However, in order to observe the effects of carbon emissions, microscopic simulations must use many difficult variables such as cost, analysis time, and ease of analysis process. In this study, additional greenhouse gas emissions that occur because of highway traffic accidents were classified by type (incident handling time, number of lanes blocked, freeway level of service), and the annual additional emissions based on incidents were calculated. According to the results, congestion length and emissions tend to increase with an increase in incident clearance time, number of occupied lanes, and worsening level of service. Using this data, we analyzed accident data on the Gyeong-bu Expressway (Yang-Jae IC - Osan IC) for a year.
RESULTS : Additional greenhouse gas emissions that occur because of highway traffic accidents were classified by type (incident handling time, number of lanes blocked, freeway level of service) and annual additional emissions caused by accidents were calculated.
CONCLUSIONS: In this study, a methodology for estimating carbon emissions due to freeway incidents was developed that incorporates macroscopic flow models. The results of the study are organized in the form of a look-Up table that calculates carbon emissions rather easily. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002079205 | oai_dc | 롤러 전압 콘크리트 포장의 공기량 및 기포간격계수와 장기 내구성의 상관관계 분석을 위한 실험적 연구 | Experimental Study on Correlation Analysis of Air-void, Air-spacing factor and Long-term Durability for Roller-compacted Concrete pavement | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이준희(강릉원주대학교); 이승우(강릉원주대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : The use of roller-compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) is an environmentally friendly method of construction that utilizes the aggregate interlock effect by means of a hydration reaction and roller compacting, demonstrating a superb structural performance with a relatively small unit water content and unit cement content. However, even if an excellent structural performance was secured through a previous study, the verification research on the environmental load and long-term durability was conducted under unsatisfactory conditions. In order to secure longterm durability, the construction of an appropriate internal air-void structure is required. In this study, a method of improving the long-term durability of RCCP will be suggested by analyzing the internal air-void structure and relevant durability of roller-compacted concrete.
METHODS: The method of improving the long-term durability involves measurements of the air content, air voids, and air-spacing factor in RCCP that experiences a change in terms of the kind of air-entraining agent and chemical admixture proportions. This test should be conducted on the basis of test criteria such as ASTM C 457, 672, and KS F 2456.
RESULTS : Freezing, thawing, and scaling resistance tests of roller compacted concrete without a chemical admixture showed that it was weak. However, as a result of conducting air entraining (AE) with an AE agent, a large amount of air was distributed with a range of 2~3%, and an air void spacing factor ranging from 200 to 300 ㎛ (close to 250 ㎛) coming from PCA was secured. Accordingly, the freezing and thawing resistance was improved, with a relative dynamic elastic modulus of more than 80%, and the scaling resistance was improved under the appropriate AE agent content rate.
CONCLUSIONS: The long-term durability of RCCP has a direct relationship with the air-void spacing factor, and it can be secured only by ensuring the air void spacing factor through air entraining with the inclusion of an AE agent. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002079210 | oai_dc | 대형로터리에서의 특수 회전교차로 운영효과 | Operational Effects of Special Roundabouts at Large-Scale Rotaries | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"임진강(충북대학교 도시공학과); 박병호(충북대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: The goal of this study is to analyze the operational effects of special roundabouts at large-scale rotaries in Korea. In pursuing the above, this study gives particular attention to comparing standard roundabouts with special roundabouts.
METHODS: This study reviews the various types of roundabouts, creates 270 scenarios, builds networks, and comparatively analyzes the operational effects by using VISSIM simulation model and SSAM(Surrogate Safety Assessment Model).
RESULTS : First, the operational effects of standard and signalized roundabouts were analyzed, and it was determined that standard roundabouts are the best in the case of under-saturated traffic volume, and signalized roundabouts are the best in the case of over-saturated traffic volume. Second, the operational benefits of a Turbo roundabout were evaluated to be generally lower than the benefits of a standard roundabout, and the benefits of a Turbo roundabout increase when right-turn traffic volume increases. Finally, the safety conflicts of a Turbo roundabout were determined to be the least and decrease when right-turn traffic volume increases.
CONCLUSIONS : This study suggests that Turbo roundabouts rank highest for safety, and signalized roundabouts are best for oversaturated traffic volume. This study can be expected to provide some implications for policy decision-making. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002079200 | oai_dc | 적산온도에 의한 FRC 기층의 강도발현 성능 분석 | Performance Analysis of Strength Development of FRC Base Depending on Maturity | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"최성용((주)이노블록 기술연구소); 박영환(한국건설기술연구원); 정우태(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: In this study, we analyzed the compressive strength characteristics of lean base concrete in relation to changes in the outdoor temperature after analyzing the cold and hot weather temperature standards and calculated the minimum and maximum temperatures when pouring concrete. We examined the rate of strength development of lean base concrete in relation to the temperature change and derived an appropriate analysis formula for FRC base structures by assigning the accumulated strength data and existing maturity formula.
METHODS: We measured the strength changes at three curing temperatures (5, 20, and 35℃) by curing the concrete in a temperature range that covered the lowest temperature of the cold period, 5℃, to the highest temperature of the hot period, 35℃. We assigned the general lean concrete and FRC as test variables. A strength test was planned to measure the strength after 3, 5, 7, 14, and 28 days.
RESULTS : According to the results of compressive strength tests of plain concrete and FRC in relation to curing temperature, the plain concrete had a compressive strength greater than 5 MPa at all curing temperatures on day 5 and satisfied the lean concrete standard. In the case of FRC, because the initial strength was substantially reduced as a result of a 30% substitution of fly ash, it did not satisfy the strength standard of 5 MPa when it was cured at 5℃ on day 7. In addition, because the fly ash in the FRC caused a Pozzolanic reaction with the progress into late age, the amount of strength development increased. In the case of a curing temperature of 20℃, the FRC strength was about 66% on day 3 compared with the plain concrete, but it is increased to about 77% on day 28. In the case of a curing temperature of 35℃, the FRC strength development rate was about 63% on day 3 compared with the plain concrete, but it increased to about 88% on day 28.
CONCLUSIONS: We derived a strength analysis formula using the maturity temperatures with all the strength data and presented the point in time when it reached the base concrete standard, which was 5 MPa for each air temperature. We believe that our findings could be utilized as a reference in the construction of base concrete for a site during a cold or hot weather period. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017703 | oai_dc | SWMM 분석을 통한 투수성 포장의 유출 저감 특성 평가 | Performance Evaluation of Runoff Reduction for Permeable Pavements using SWMM Model | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"임무광(Shanghai Maritime University); 류성우(한국도로공사 도로교통연구원); 박대근(품질시험소); 이재훈(한국도로공사 도로교통기술원); 조윤호(중앙대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: This study aims to evaluate the runoff reduction with permeable pavements using the SWMM analysis.
METHODS: In this study, simulations were carried out using two different models, simple and complex, to evaluate the runoff reduction when an impermeable pavement is replaced with a permeable pavement. In the simple model, the target area for the analysis was grouped into four areas by the land use characteristics, using the statistical database. In the complex model, simulation was performed based on the data on the sewer and road network configuration of Yongsan-Gu Bogwang-Dong in Seoul, using the ArcGIS software. A scenario was created to investigate the hydro-performance of the permeable pavement based on the return period, runoff coefficient, and the area of permeable pavement that could be laid within one hour after rainfall.
RESULTS : The simple modeling analysis results showed that, when an impervious pavement is replaced with a permeable pavement, the peak discharge reduced from 16.7 m3/s to 10.4 m3/s. This represents a reduction of approximately 37.6%. The peak discharge from the whole basin showed a reduction of approximately 11.0%, and the quantity decreased from 52.9 m3/s to 47.2 m3/s. The total flowoff reduced from 43,261 m3 to 38,551 m3, i.e., by approximately 10.9%. In the complex model, performed using the ArcGIS interpretation with fewer permeable pavements applicable, the return period and the runoff coefficient increased, and the total flowoff and peak discharge also increased. When the return period was set to 20 years, and a runoff coefficient of 0.05 was applied to all the roads, the total outflow reduced by 5195.7 m3, and the ratio reduced to 11.7%. When the return period was increased from 20 years to 30 and 100 years, the total outflow reduction decreased from 11.7% to 8.0% and 5.1%, respectively. When a runoff coefficient of 0.5 was applied to all the roads under the return period of 20 years, the total outflow reduction was 10.8%; when the return period was increased to 30 and 100 years, the total outflow reduction decreased to 6.5% and 2.9%, respectively. However, unlike in the simple model, for all the cases in the complex model, the peak discharge reductions were less than 1%.
CONCLUSIONS : Being one of the techniques for water circulation and runoff reduction, a high reduction for the small return period rainfall event of penetration was obtained by applying permeable pavements instead of impermeable pavement. With the SWMM analysis results, it was proved that changing to permeable pavement is one of the ways to effectively provide water circulation to various green infrastructure projects, and for stormwater management in urban watersheds. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017704 | oai_dc | 순환/재생골재의 잔유 모르타르 성분이 알칼리 실리카 반응성에 미치는 영향 평가 | Effect of Residual Mortar of Recycled Concrete Aggregate on Alkali Silica Reaction | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김정현(한국기술교육대학교); 김남호(한국기술교육대학교); 양성철(홍익대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of the residual mortar of recycled concrete aggregate on the expansion behavior during alkali silica reaction (ASR).
METHODS: In order to evaluate the net effect of residual mortar on ASR expansion behavior, two aggregate samples with the same original virgin aggregate source but different residual mortar volumes were used. ASTM C1260 test was used to evaluate the ASR expansion behavior of these two aggregates and the original virgin aggregate.
RESULTS: The greater the amount of residual mortar in recycled concrete aggregates, the less is the induced ASR expansion. Depending on the amount of residual mortar in recycled concrete aggregate, the ASR expansion of recycled concrete aggregate may be less than half of that of the original virgin aggregate.
CONCLUSIONS: The residual mortar of recycled concrete aggregate may lead to the under estimation of the ASR expansion behavior of the original virgin aggregate. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017706 | oai_dc | 풍속에 따른 포설 아스팔트 혼합물의 온도변화에 대한 열전달 해석 | Heat Transfer Analysis for Asphalt Mixture Temperature Variation due to Wind Speed | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"윤태영(한국건설기술연구원); 유평준(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: Evaluation of the wind speed effect on the temperature drop of an asphalt mixture during construction, by using the transient heat transfer theory and dominant convective heat transfer coefficient model.
METHODS: Finite difference method (FDM) is used to solve the transient heat transfer difference equation numerically for various wind speeds and initial temperature conditions. The Blasius convective heat transfer coefficient model is adapted to account for the effect of wind speed in the temperature predictions of the asphalt mixture, and the Beaufort number is used to select a reasonable wind speed for the analysis.
As a function of time and depth, the temperature of the pavement structure is predicted and analyzed for the given initial conditions.
RESULTS : The effect of wind speed on the temperature drop of asphalt mixture is found to be significant. It seems that wind speed is another parameter to be accounted for in the construction specifications for obtaining a better quality of the asphalt mixture.
CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that wind speed has a significant effect on the temperature drop of the asphalt layer. Although additional field observations have to be made to reflect the effect of wind speed on the construction specifications, it appears that wind speed is a dominant variable to be considered, in addition to the atmospheric temperature. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017707 | oai_dc | 고로슬래그 기반 탄소흡수용 콘크리트의 시멘트 첨가율 및 노출조건에 따른 역학적 특성 분석을 위한 실험적 연구 | Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Blast Furnace Slag Based Carbon-Capturing Concrete according to Change in Cement Content and Exposure Condition | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"조현명(강원대학교); 김승원(강원대학교); 송지현(세종대학교); 박희문(한국건설기술연구원); 박철우(강원대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: This study investigates the mechanical performance of carbon-capturing concrete that mainly contains blast furnace slag.
METHODS: The mixture variables were considered; these included Portland cement content, which was varied from 10% to 40% of the blast furnace slag by weight. The specimens were exposed to different conditions such as high N2 and O2 concentrations, laboratory conditions and high CO2 conditions. Mechanical performances, including compressive and flexural strengths and carbon-capturing depth, were evaluated.
RESULTS : The slump, air content and unit weight were not affected significantly by the variation in cement content. The strength development when the specimens were exposed to high purity air was slightly greater than that when exposed to high CO2. As the cement content increased the compressive and flexural strength increased but not considerably. The carbon-capturing capacity decreased as the cement content increased. The specimens exposed in the field for 70 days had flexural strength greater than 3 MPa.
CONCLUSIONS : The results indicate that cement content is not an important parameter in the development of compressive and flexural strengths. However, the carbon-capturing depth was higher for less cement content. Even after field exposure for 70 days, neither any significant damage on the surface nor any decrease in strength was observed. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017714 | oai_dc | 교통안전 향상을 위한 주야 변화에 따른 고속도로 용량 보정계수 개발에 관한 연구 | Development of Freeway Capacity Adjustment Factors by Day-and-Night Conditions for Improving Traffic Safety | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김영선(아주대학교); 이상수(아주대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: This study analyzes the characteristics of traffic flow on freeway sections under daytime and nighttime conditions to improve traffic safety, and suggests a method to estimate an accurate freeway capacity value that reflects these characteristics.
METHODS : The trends and differences in capacity were investigated using comprehensive field data collected under both daytime and nighttime conditions on freeway sections with designated speeds of 80, 100, and 120 kph.
RESULTS : The capacity values under nighttime driving conditions were reduced by 3.3%, 6.9%, and 8.8% at 80, 100, and 120 kph, respectively. Several nighttime adjustment factors were deduced for each designated speed category from the analysis results.
CONCLUSIONS : It is expected that more accurate capacity values can be estimated for freeway sections under nighttime conditions by applying the resulting adjustment factors. In addition, traffic safety will be improved through the increased efficiency of traffic management on these freeway sections. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017716 | oai_dc | 지방부 국도에서의 보도설치 우선순위 결정을 위한 방법론 개발(일반국도 적용사례 중심으로) | Methodology for Prioritizing Sidewalk Construction on Rural National Highways (Focused on 100 Candidate Sites on National Highways) | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"전우훈(한국건설기술연구원); 양충헌(한국건설기술연구원); 윤정은(한국건설기술연구원); 양인철(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology to prioritize sidewalk construction on rural national highways.
METHODS : In order to determine an appropriate prioritization for sidewalk construction, we developed a specific methodology. The proposed methodology includes three main steps: 1) Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods, 2) Subjective evaluation of relevant road agencies for the candidate sidewalks along rural national highways, and 3) Field study conduction. Each step has four phases. The primary feature of this methodology is the addition of expert consultation and survey data, as well as a field study. In addition, the method could guarantee flexibility in selection for evaluation criteria. As a result, the proposed methodology could be used as a general procedure for application to other roadway classifications when considering sidewalk construction.
RESULTS: In order to demonstrate the reasonableness of the proposed methodology, a case study was performed for exactly 100 candidate sites for sidewalk construction on rural national highways. All required evaluation scores were properly produced for each candidate site. By doing so, decision-makers can determine the priority for sidewalk construction at these sites by reviewing quantitatively and qualitatively considered data.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of the case study can be applied to a long-term fundamental plan for sidewalk construction on rural national highways. Furthermore, this methodology could be employed to prioritize a small-scale SOC project(e. g. bicycle or pedestrian roads). | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017709 | oai_dc | 도로환경에 따른 최적의 방음벽 높이 산정식 연구 | Development on Optical Height Formula of Noise Barrier according to Road Environment | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"임유진(한국건설기술연구원); 문학룡(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES : A study on the efforts to minimize the road traffic noise has been underway. An attempt has been made to measure the noise level using a noise map; however, the attempt is limited to certain areas only. In general, a noise barrier is employed to prevent road traffic noise; however, unplanned noise barriers developed without considering the surrounding environment, including excessively high walls, cause problems such as infringement on prospect right. Noise ceiling at daytime in Korea is 68 dB(A), which is relatively higher than in other countries.
METHODS: The noise barrier used mainly for road noise reduction was analyzed to estimate the optimal height. Related variables such as road width, the height of the upper part, distance to the building, and angle (for instance, 30。).
RESULTS : A formula to calculate the optical height of the noise barrier, considering the road environment (i.e., parameters such as road width and distance to building), was developed in this study in an attempt to mitigate the noise generated from the road.
CONCLUSIONS : The formula to calculate the noise barrier is expected to lead to cost saving, accurate installation of barriers, and protection of the right of prospect. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017705 | oai_dc | 선형 부착성 점탄성 접촉모형의 DEM 적용 및 해석적 방법을 이용한 검증 | Implementation and Verification of Linear Cohesive Viscoelastic Contact Model for DEM | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"윤태영(한국건설기술연구원); 유평준(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: Implementation and verification of the simple linear cohesive viscoelastic contact model that can be used to simulate dynamic behavior of sticky aggregates.
METHODS: The differential equations were derived and the initial conditions were determined to simulate a free falling ball with a sticky surface from a ground. To describe this behavior, a combination of linear contact model and a cohesive contact model was used. The general solution for the differential equation was used to verify the implemented linear cohesive viscoelastic API model in the DEM. Sensitivity analysis was also performed using the derived analytical solutions for several combinations of damping coefficients and cohesive coefficients.
RESULTS : The numerical solution obtained using the DEM showed good agreement with the analytical solution for two extreme conditions. It was observed that the linear cohesive model can be successfully implemented with a linear spring in the DEM API for dynamic analysis of the aggregates.
CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that the derived closed form solutions are applicable for the analysis of the rebounding behavior of sticky particles, and for verification of the implemented API model in the DEM. The assumption of underdamped condition for the viscous behavior of the particles seems to be reasonable. Several factors have to be additionally identified in order to develop an enhanced contact model for an asphalt mixture. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017710 | oai_dc | 한국형 도로포장 설계 프로그램의 소석회 사용 아스팔트 혼합물 특성 적용 | Application of Hydrated-Lime Modified Asphalt Mixture Properties to Korean Pavement Research | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김도완((주)건화); 이상염(인덕대학교); 문성호(서울과학기술대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : The hydrated lime-modified asphalt, which improves moisture resistance, is normally used for pavements to reduce the number of potholes. However, the method of applying the material properties of the lime-modified asphalt mixture for use in pavements is not covered in the Korean Pavement Research Program (KPRP). The objective of this research is to find a method for the design application of lime-modified asphalt’s material properties to the KPRP.
METHODS: The section for test design is selected in some conditions which are related to the level of design regarding Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT). To define the application methods of hydrated lime in the KPRP, the models of fatigue, rut and international roughness index (IRI) are determined based on the M-EPDG test results from some earlier research results. Moreover, it is well known that dynamic moduli of the unmodified mixture are not different from those of the lime-modified mixture.
RESULTS: The performance results of hydrated lime-modified asphalt pavement were not very much different from those of the unmodified pavement, which meant the limited design regulations regarding fatigue failure, rutting deformation and IRI.
CONCLUSIONS: The KPRP uses the weather model from the data for previous 10 years. It implies that the KPRP cannot predict abnormal climate changes accurately. Hence, the predictive weather data regarding the abnormal climate changes are unreliable. Secondly, the KPRP cannot apply the moisture resistance of asphalt mixtures. Therefore, a second level of design study will have to be performed to reflect the influence of moisture. It means that the influence on pavement performance can be changed by the application of hydrated lime in asphalt mixture design. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017717 | oai_dc | 통계적인 기법을 활용한 동질성구간에 따른 교통량 수시조사 효율화 연구 | To Determine a Homogeneous Segment for Short-term Traffic Count Efficiency Using Statistical Approach | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"정유석(한국건설기술연구원); 오주삼(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: This study has been conducted to determine a homogeneous segment and integration to improve the efficiency of short-term traffic count. We have also attempted to reduce the traffic monitoring budget.
METHODS: Based on the statistical approach, a homogeneous segment in the same road section is determined. Statistical analysis using t-test, mean difference, and correlation coefficient are carried out for 10-year-long (2004-2013) short-term count traffic data and the MAPE of fresh data (2014) are evaluated. The correlation coefficient represents a trend in traffic count, while the mean difference and t-score represent an average traffic count.
RESULTS : The statistical analysis suggests that the number of target segments varies with the criteria. The correlation coefficient of more than 30% of the adjacent segment is higher than 0.8. A mean difference of 36.2% and t-score of 19.5% for adjacent segments are below 20% and 2.8, respectively. According to the effectiveness analysis, the integration criteria of the mean difference have a higher effect as compared to the t-score criteria. Thus, the mean difference represents a traffic volume similarity.
CONCLUSIONS : The integration of 47 road segments from 882 adjacent road segments indicate 8.87% of MAPE, which is within an acceptable range. It can reduce the traffic monitoring budget and increase the count to improve an accuracy of traffic volume estimation. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017702 | oai_dc | 우리나라 대표 트럭의 총중량/엔진성능 재정립 | Revision of Representative Truck’s Weight to Power Ratio in S. Korea | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김영록(한국건설기술연구원); 정준화(한국건설기술연구원); 이석기(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to revise the weight to power ratio of the representative truck in S. Korea. So far, S. Korea has been using the unit lb/hp, and the construction machines were not considered in the evaluation of the performance of trucks.
METHODS : This study was performed to recommend the use of ISO system of units, and to analyze the weight to power ratios of the representative trucks in S. Korea, including the dump trucks, concrete mixer trucks, and asphalt and concrete diffusers.
RESULTS: From this study, the 85 percentile value of the weight to power ratio of the trucks in S. Korea’s was found to be 103.6 kg/kw.
CONCLUSIONS : The performance standard for the representative truck has to be increased upward, considering the travel pattern of the dump trucks, concrete mixers, and asphalt and concrete diffuser trucks, travel distances, narrow area (work zone) of operation, and the saving in construction budget for climbing lane. Based on this study, the weight to power ratio of the representative truck in S. Korea could possibly be revised to 100~110 kg/kW. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017712 | oai_dc | 미시교통시뮬레이션을 이용한 3지 교차로 보호-비보호 좌회전 도입 타당성 분석에 관한 연구 | Study of Feasibility Analysis for the Protected-Permissive Left-Turn Signal Control in Three-Leg Signalized Intersections Using a Microscopic Traffic Simulation Model | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"윤일수(아주대학교); 박상민(아주대학교); 허낙원(도로교통공단); 윤정은(한국건설기술연구원); 김영선(아주대학교); 이상수(아주대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : This study evaluated the feasibility of implementing protected-permissive left-turn (PPLT) signals at three-leg signalized intersections.
METHODS: A three-leg signalized intersection with permissive left-turn was first selected. A VISSIM simulation model was constructed using data collected from the test site. The VISSIM network was calibrated by adjusting related parameter values in order to minimize the difference between the simulated and surveyed critical gap. The calibrated network was validated by the number of waiting left-turning vehicles per cycle. Finally, the mobility and safety measures were extracted from simulation runs in which permissive, protected left turns as well as PPLTs were realized based on diverse traffic volume scenarios.
RESULTS : The mobility-related measures of effectiveness (MOEs) of the case with PPLT outperformed the other two left-turn treatment scenarios. In particular, the average waiting time per cycle for the left-turn vehicles in the case with PPLT was reduced by 30 s. The safetyrelated MOEs of the case with PPLT were somewhat higher than those in the case with protected left-turns and much higher than those in the case with permissive left-turns.
CONCLUSIONS : Based on the mobility- and safety-related MOEs generated from the VISSIM simulation runs, the use of PPLT seems to be feasible at three-leg signalized intersections where the left-turn is permissive and a pedestrian signal exists at the conflicting approach. However, in order to use the PPLT in earnest, it is necessary to revise the road traffic act, traffic signs, and related manuals. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017713 | oai_dc | 능동적 제설작업을 위한 염수분사장치 설치 우선순위 선정 | Prioritization of Anti-Icing Spray System for Active Snow-Removal Works | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"양충헌(한국건설기술연구원); 김인수(도시교통본부)"
] | PURPOSES: This study aims to establish the priority of introducing anti-icing spray system for regions of the National Highways in South Korea. Using this study, a logical plan for instituting such an anti-icing spray system can be established for the National Highways.
METHODS : The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to prioritize the implementation of an anti-icing spray system on Korean highways. For this purpose, an existing scoring table developed by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure Transport Affair was slightly modified in order to reflect recent trends in winter maintenance. A survey was conducted to gather the preferences regarding the developed hierarchy of road experts and agencies. Finally, the final score was produced by integrating the scoring results with estimated weights for each evaluation criterion.
RESULTS: In general, Honam and the metropolitan areas have relatively high priority while other areas such as Chungcheong, Young Nam, and Gang Won appear to be uniform in importance in terms of establishing an anti-icing spray system. This result may indicate that historical weather data and traffic volumes are significant factors in deciding in winter maintenance polices CONCLUSIONS : In this study, useful insights are suggested regarding winter maintenance by simultaneously performing rapid snow removal and proactive treatment. Issues of resource allocation may be potential research items in the field transportation engineering. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017708 | oai_dc | SDAR을 이용한 아스팔트 혼합물의 적용성 평가 | Application Evaluation of Asphalt mixtures using SDAR(Solvent DeAsphaltene Residue) | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"양성린(한국건설기술연구원); 임정혁(한국건설기술연구원); 황성도(한국건설기술연구원); 백철민(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to evaluate the SDAR (solvent deasphaltene residue), which is obtained from the solvent deasphalting (SDA) process, as a pavement material.
METHODS : The physical properties of the SDAR were evaluated based on its chemical composition, and asphalt mixtures with the SDAR were fabricated and used for the evaluation of mechanical properties. Firstly, the chemical composition of SARA (saturate, aromatic, resin and asphaltene) was analyzed using the TLC-FID (thin-layer chromatography-flame ionization detector). Moreover, the basic material properties of the asphalt binder with the SDAR were evaluated by the penetration test, softening point test, ductility test, and PG (performance grade) grade test. The rheological properties of the asphalt binder with the SDAR were evaluated by the dynamic shear modulus (G*) obtained using the time-temperature superposition (TTS) principle. Secondly, the mechanical properties of the asphalt mixtures with the SDAR were evaluated. The compactibility was evaluated using the gyratory compacter. Moreover, the tensile strength ratio (TSR) was used for evaluating the moisture susceptibility of the asphalt mixtures (i.e., susceptibility to pothole damage). The dynamic modulus E*, which is a fundamental property of the asphalt mixture, obtained at different temperatures and loading cycles, was used to evaluate the mechanical properties of the asphalt mixtures.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION : The SDAR shows stiffer and more brittle behavior than the conventional asphalt binder. As the application of the SDAR directly in the field may cause early failures, such as cracks on pavements, it should be applied with modifiers that can favorably modify the brittleness property of the SDAR. Therefore, if appropriate additives are applied on the SDAR, it can be used as a pavement material because of its low cost and strong resistance to rutting. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017711 | oai_dc | 비파괴 충격파 시험을 통한 소석회 첨가 투수성 가열 아스팔트 혼합물의 수분민감성 평가 | Evaluation of Moisture Susceptibility of Porous Hot Mixed Asphalt Mixtures with Hydrated-Lime using Non-destructive Impact Test | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김도완((주)건화); 문성호(서울과학기술대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: It is theoretically well known all over the world, that porous hot mixed asphalt (HMA) with hydrated Lime improves moisture and rutting resistance, and reduces pothole occurrence frequency, as well as the life cycle cost (LCC).
METHODS : Addictive in the two different formations of the liquid anti-stripping Agent and powder Hydrated-Lime was applied in this investigation in order to obtain relatively clear results according to their types and conditions. Firstly, the moisture conditions were set, and applied to the porous HMA mixtures with hydrated lime (anti-stripping agent). Next, it was followed by a non-destructive test with the application of three freeze-thaw cycles, which were individually carried out thrice to compare the results of the dynamic moduli. Lastly, the hydrated lime effect related to moisture sensibility to porous HMA has been verified through the analysis of the modulus results regarding the change rate of dynamic modulus per n-cycle.
RESULTS: It is clear from this investigation, that the dynamic modulus is inversely proportional to the change in temperature, as the graph representing the rigidity of the thermorheologically simple (TRS) material showed gradual decline of the dynamic modulus with the increase in temperature.
CONCLUSIONS: The porous HMA mixture with the anti-stripping agent (hydrated Lime) has been found to be more moisture resistant to freezing and thawing than the normal porous HMA mixture. It is clear that the hydrated lime helps the HMA mixture to improve its fatigue resistance. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002017715 | oai_dc | 교통안전을 고려한 도시부도로의 돌발상황 교통관리전략 수립에 관한 연구 | Development of Traffic Management Strategies for Incidents on Urban Highways Considering Traffic Safety | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김영선(아주대학교); 이상수(아주대학교); 윤일수(아주대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : This study aims to investigate the direct and indirect influence areas from incidents on urban interrupted roadways and to develop traffic management strategies for each influence area.
METHODS : Based on a literature review, various traffic management strategies for certain incidents were collected. In addition, the relationship between the measure of effectiveness and the characteristics of incidents was explored using an extensive simulation study.
RESULTS : From the simulation studies, traffic delays increased as the number of lane closures increased, and the impact of lane closures was reduced to the direction upstream from the incident site. However, the magnitude of the delay change depended on the degree of saturation.
Using these characteristics, the direct and indirect influence areas resulting from incidents were defined, and traffic management strategies were established for each direct and indirect influence area and for each level of incident.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study will contribute to the improvement of national traffic safety by preventing secondary incidents and by effective adaptation to incident events. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002133135 | oai_dc | 충격공진시험을 활용한 얇은 원판형 아스팔트 콘크리트 시편의 탄성계수 결정 | Determination of Dynamic Modulus of Thin-Disk-Shaped Asphalt Concrete Specimens Using Impact Resonance Test | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김다혜(노스캐롤라이나 주립대학교); 임정혁(경기도 건설국 건설안전과); 김영수(North Carolina State University)"
] | PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to develop an impact resonance test procedure for thin disk shaped specimens to determine the |E*| and phase angle values of asphalt mixtures.
METHODS : In this paper, the impact resonance (IR) test method was developed for evaluating thin disk shaped specimens to determine the dynamic modulus (|E*|) of asphalt mixtures. The IR test method that was developed to determine the elastic modulus values of Portland cement concrete was evaluated, which method uses axisymmetric flexural vibration proposed by Leming et al. (1996). The IR tests were conducted using three different mixtures of New York with varying nominal maximum aggregate size (NY9.5, MY19, and NY25) at six different temperatures between 10°C and 60°C. The |E*| values obtained from the thin disk IR were compared to the |E*| values obtained from the commonly used AASHTO T342-11 test to verify the |E*| values obtained from two different methods.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS : The IR test method was applied to determine the |E*| values of asphalt mixtures using thin disk shaped specimens. Applying the IR test method for thin disk specimens provides a simple, practical, and cheap tools to determine the |E*| values of field cores. A comparison of the |E*| obtained from the IR tests using thin disk specimens result in almost the same |E*| obtained from AASHTO T 342-11 testing. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002133137 | oai_dc | 지표투과레이더를 이용한 아스팔트 혼합물의 공극률 예측에 관한 연구 | Estimation of Air Voids in Asphalt Mixtures Using Ground-Penetrating Radar | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김제원(한국건설기술연구원); 김연태(한국건설기술연구원); 김부일(한국건설기술연구원); 박희문(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the dielectric characteristics of asphalt mixtures and the air voids present in them using ground penetrating radar (GPR) testing.
METHODS : To measure the dielectric properties of the asphalt mixtures, the reflection coefficient method and the approach based on the actual thickness of the asphalt layer were used. An air-couple-type GPR antenna with a center frequency of 1 GHz was used to measure the time for reflection from the asphalt/base layer interface. A piece of aluminum foil was placed at the interface to be able to determine the reflection time of the GPR signal with accuracy. An asphalt pavement testbed was constructed, and asphalt mixtures with different compaction numbers were tested. After the GPR tests, the asphalt samples were cored and their thicknesses and number of air voids were measured in the laboratory.
RESULTS: It was found the dielectric constant of asphalt mixtures tends to decrease with an increase in the number of air voids. The dielectric constant values estimated from the reflection coefficient method exhibited a slight correlation to the number of air voids. However, the dielectric constant values measured using the approach based on the actual asphalt layer thickness were closely related to the asphalt mixture density. Based on these results, a regression equation to determine the number of air voids in asphalt mixtures using the GPR test method was proposed.
CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the number of air voids in an asphalt mixture can be calculated based on the dielectric constant of the mixture as determined by GPR testing. It was also found that the number of air voids was exponentially related to the dielectric constant, with the coefficient of determination, R2, being 0.74. These results suggest that the dielectric constant as determined by GPR testing can be used to improve the construction quality and maintenance of asphalt pavements. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002133138 | oai_dc | 파티클 필터기법을 통한 비선형 피로모델 개발 연구 | Development of Nonlinear Fatigue Model Based on Particle Filter Method | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"문성호(서울과학기술대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: The nonlinear model of fatigue cracking is typically used for determining the maintenance period. However, this requires that the model parameters be known. In this study, the particle filter (PF) method was used to determine various statistical parameters such as the mean and standard deviation values for the nonlinear model of fatigue cracking.
METHODS: The PF method was used to determine various statistical parameters for the nonlinear model of fatigue cracking, such as the mean and standard deviation.
RESULTS : On comparing the values obtained using the PF method and the least square (LS) method, it was found that PF method was suitable for determining the statistical parameters to be used in the nonlinear model of fatigue cracking.
CONCLUSIONS : The values obtained using the PF method were as accurate as those obtained using the LS method. Furthermore, reliability design can be applied because the statistical parameters of mean and standard deviation can be obtained through the PF method. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002133142 | oai_dc | 사고예측모형을 활용한 회전교차로 안전성 향상에 관한 연구 - 전라북도를 중심으로 - | Safety Improvement Analysis of Roundabouts in Jeollabuk - do Province using Accident Prediction Model | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김칠현(전주시 맑은물 사업본부); 권용석(전주대학교); 강규동(전주대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: There are many recently constructed roundabouts in Jeollabuk-do province. This study analyzed how roundabouts reduce the risk of accidents and improve safety in the province.
METHODS: This study analyzed safety improvement at roundabouts by using an accident prediction model that uses an Empirical Bayes method based on negative binomial distribution.
RESULTS : The results of our analysis model showed that the total number of accidents decreased from 130 to 51. Roundabouts also decreased casualties; the number of casualties decreased from 7 to 0 and the seriously wounded from 87 to 16. The effectiveness of accident reduction as analyzed by the accident prediction model with the Empirical Bayes method was 60%.
CONCLUSIONS : The construction of roundabouts can bring about a reduction in the number of accidents and casualties, and make intersections safer. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002133132 | oai_dc | 공공부문 성과관리를 위한 도로포장의 서비스수준과 서비스비용 함수 추정 | Estimation of a Level of Service and Cost of Service Function for Road Pavements for Performance Management in the Public Sector | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"한대석(한국건설기술연구원); 이수형(한국건설기술연구원); 이상혁(한국건설기술연구원); 유인균(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of pavement management works and to develop a function for estimating the level of service (LOS) and cost of service (COS) for the systematic and quantitative management of pavement performance in the public sector.
METHODS: The International Roughness Index (IRI) was used as the performance index for pavement management. Long-term pavement performance data for a period of 7 years (2007-2014) collected by the National Highway Pavement Management System and historical maintenance budget data published by the South Korean government were used to develop the LOS-COS function. Based on the function, a model for estimating the appropriate budget as well as the network conditions was suggested.
RESULTS : There was high degree of correlation between pavement performance and the investment level (R = - 0.74). The developed LOS-COS function suggested that the unit cost to improve the network IRI to 1 m/km was 32.6 billion KRW. Further, the maintenance costs normalized with respect to the LOS levels were LOS-A = 88.2 billion KRW, LOS-B = 55.6 billion KRW, and LOS-C = 23.0 billion KRW.
CONCLUSIONS: This study proposes a simple way of developing a LOS-COS function. It also shows how to develop a network budget demand and condition estimation model using the LOS-COS function. In addition, it is the first attempt to evaluate the road maintenance budget in South Korea. It is expected that these results will help in the negotiations between the road managers and budget makers. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002133139 | oai_dc | 축광 노면표시의 야간 시인성 평가를 위한 기초 연구 | Night Visibility Evaluation of Phosphorescent Road Line Markings | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이용문((주) 평화엔지니어링); 김상태((주) 평화엔지니어링); 정왕성(대동안전(주) 연구개발실); 김흥래((주)평화엔지니어링 기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: In this study, we evaluated changes in the retroreflectivity and luminance of phosphorescent road line markings with changes in glass beads and line marking thickness.
METHODS : The color of line markings affects their retroreflectivity. Using a chromaticity test, we conducted the analysis of whether phosphorescent road line markings adhered to the「 KS M 6080」standard. Then, we measured the dry retroreflectivity and wet retroreflectivity for various glass bead refractive indices. We conducted wet retroreflectivity test using the EN 1436 standard as the basis. We also conducted luminance tests for different glass bead refractive indices and line marking thicknesses.
RESULTS : 1. Phosphorescent road line markings specimens satisfied the 「KS M 6080」standard. 2. In dry retroreflectivity test, phosphorescent road line markings sprayed with glass beads satisfied the national police agency standard (240 mcd/(m2₩Lux)). Wet retroreflectivity test results showed that except for one type of No.1 glass beads, phosphorescent road line markings specimens sprayed with glass beads of one type of No.3 and two types of No.1 satisfied the national police agency standard (100 mcd/(m2₩Lux)). 3. Phosphorescent road line markings had higher retroreflectivity than non-phosphorescent road line markings in the dry condition. 4. Phosphorescent road line markings sprayed with glass beads demonstrated improved luminance. Luminance increased with higher glass bead refractive index and with increased line marking thickness. However, when the thickness crossed a certain threshold, phosphorescence ceased to increase; this is a characteristic of the phosphorescence phenomenon.
CONCLUSIONS : Visibility across short distances can be ensured when phosphorescent road line markings are sprayed with glass beads, because of the retroreflection phenomenon. It is also possible to ensure far visibility using phosphorescent road line markings. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002133134 | oai_dc | TDF ash를 채움재로 사용한 아스팔트 콘크리트 물성 평가 | Evaluation of TDF ash as a Mineral Filler in Asphalt Concrete | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"최민주(전북대학교); 이재준(전북대학교); 김혁중(금호석유화학(주)대덕연구소)"
] | PURPOSES: The new waste management policy of South Korea encourages the recycling of waste materials. One material being recycled currently is tire-derived fuel (TDF) ash. TDF is composed of shredded scrap tires and is used as fuel in power plants and industrials plants, resulting in TDF ash, which has a chemical composition similar to that of the fly ash produced from coal. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the properties of an asphalt concrete mix that used TDF ash as the mineral filler.
METHODS: The properties of the asphalt concrete were evaluated for different mineral filler types and contents using various measurement techniques. The fundamental physical properties of the asphalt concrete specimens such as their gradation and antistripping characteristics were measured in accordance with the KS F 3501 standard. The Marshall stability test was performed to measure the maximum load that could be supported by the specimens. The wheel tracking test was used to evaluate the rutting resistance. To investigate the moisture susceptibility of the specimens, dynamic immersion and tensile strength ratio (TSR) measurements were performed.
RESULTS : The test results showed that the asphalt concrete containing TDF ash satisfied all the criteria listed in the Guide for Production and Construction of Asphalt Mixtures (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, South Korea). In addition, TDF ash exhibited better performance than that of portland cement. The Marshall stability of the asphalt concrete with TDF ash was higher than 7500 N. Further, its dynamic stability was also higher than that listed in the guide. The results of the dynamic water immersion and the TSR showed that TDF ash shows better moisture resistance than does portland cement.
CONCLUSIONS : TDF ash can be effectively recycled by being used as a mineral filler in asphalt, as it exhibits desirable physical properties. The optimal TDF ash content in asphalt concrete based on this study was determined to be 5%. In future works, the research team will compare the characteristics of asphalt concrete as function of the mineral filler types. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002133133 | oai_dc | 한국형 포장관리시스템을 활용한 장수명 아스팔트 포장의 경제성 분석 | Economic Analysis of Long-life Asphalt Pavements using KoPMS | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"도명식(한밭대학교); 권수안(한국건설기술연구원); 백종은(서울시 품질시험소 도로포장연구센터); 최승현(한밭대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : Long-life asphalt pavements are used widely in developed countries. In order to be able to devise an effective maintenance strategy for such pavements, in this study, we evaluated the performance of the long-life asphalt pavements constructed along the national highways in South Korea. Further, an economic evaluation of the long-life asphalt pavements was performed based on a life-cycle cost analysis. We aimed to devise a model for evaluating the performance of long-life asphalt pavements using the national highway pavement management system (PMS) database as well as for analyzing the economic feasibility of such pavements, in order to promote their use in South Korea.
METHODS : The maintenance history and pavement performance data were obtained from the national highway PMS database. The pavement performances for a total of 292 sections of 10 lanes (5 northbound lanes and 5 eastbound lanes) of national highways were used in this study. Models to predict the performances of hot mix asphalt (HMA) and long-life asphalt pavements under two distinct traffic conditions were developed using a simple regression method. Further, the economic feasibility of long-life asphalt pavements was evaluated using the Korea Pavement Management System (KoPMS).
RESULTS : We developed service-life prediction models based on the traffic volume and the equivalent of single-axle load and found that long-life asphalt pavements have service lives 50% longer than those of HMA pavements. Further, the results of the economic analysis showed that long-life asphalt pavements are superior in terms of various economic indexes, including user cost, delay cost, total cost, and user benefits, even though their maintenance cost is higher than that of HMA pavements. A comparison of the economic feasibilities of the various groups showed that group A is superior to HMA pavements in all aspects except in terms of the maintenance criterion (crack 20% or higher) as per the NPV index. However, the long-life asphalt pavements in group B were superior in terms of the maintenance criterion (crack 25% or higher) regardless of the economic feasibility.
CONCLUSIONS: The service life of long-life asphalt pavements was found to be approximately 50% longer than that of HMA pavements, regardless of the traffic volume characteristics. The economic feasibility of long-life asphalt pavements was evaluated based on the KoPMS.
The results of the economic analysis were the following: long-life asphalt pavements are exceptional in terms of almost all factors, such as user cost, delay cost, total cost, and user benefit; however, the exception is the maintenance cost. Further, the economic feasibility of the long-life asphalt pavements in group B was found to be better than that of the HMA pavements (crack 25% or higher). | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002133141 | oai_dc | 영과잉을 고려한 중심상업지구 교통사고모형 개발에 관한 연구 | Safety Performance Functions for Central Business Districts Using a Zero-Inflated Model | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이상혁(한국건설기술연구원); 우용한(경일대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : The purpose of this study was to develop safety performance functions (SPFs) that use zero-inflated negative binomial regression models for urban intersections in central business districts (CBDs), and to compare the statistical significance of developed models against that of regular negative binomial regression models.
METHODS : To develop and analyze the SPFs of intersections in CBDs, data acquisition was conducted for dependent and independent variables in areas of study. We analyzed the SPFs using zero-inflated negative binomial regression model as well as regular negative binomial regression model. We then compared the results by analyzing the statistical significance of the models.
RESULTS : SPFs were estimated for all accidents and injury accidents at intersections in CBDs in terms of variables such as AADT, Number of Lanes at Major Roads, Median Barriers, Right Turn with an Exclusive Turn Lane, Turning Guideline, and Front Signal. We also estimated the log-likelihood at convergence and the likelihood ratio of SPFs for comparing the zero-inflated model with the regular model. In he SPFs, estimated log-likelihood at convergence and the likelihood ratio of the zero-inflated model were at -836.736, 0.193 and -836.415, 0.195. Also estimated the log-likelihood at convergence and likelihood ratio of the regular model were at -843.547, 0.187 and -842.631, 0.189, respectively. These figures demonstrate that zero-inflated negative binomial regression models can better explain traffic accidents at intersections in CBDs.
CONCLUSIONS : SPFs that use a zero-inflated negative binomial regression model demonstrate better statistical significance compared with those that use a regular negative binomial regression model. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002133131 | oai_dc | 노면온도 변화 패턴의 신뢰성 검증 및 노면온도에 근거한 도로구간 분할 방법 연구 | Reliability of Change Patterns of Road Surface Temperature and Road Segmentation based on Road Surface Temperature | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"양충헌(한국건설기술연구원); 윤천주(한국건설기술연구원); 김진국(한국건설기술연구원); 박재홍(한국건설기술연구원); 윤덕근(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: This study evaluates the reliability of the patterns of changes in the road surface temperature during winter using a statistical technique. In addition, a flexible road segmentation method is developed based on the collected road surface temperature data.
METHODS: To collect and analyze the data, a thermal mapping system that could be attached to a survey vehicle along with various other sensors was employed. We first selected the test route based on the date and the weather and topographical conditions, since these factors affect the patterns of changes in the road surface temperature. Each route was surveyed a total of 10 times on a round-trip basis at the same times (5 AM to 6 AM). A correlation analysis was performed to identify whether the weather conditions reported for the survey dates were consistent with the actual conditions. In addition, we developed a method for dividing the road into sections based on the consecutive changes in the road surface temperature for use in future applications. Specifically, in this method, the road surface temperature data collected using the thermal mapping system was compared continuously with the average values for the various road sections, and the road was divided into sections based on the temperature.
RESULTS : The results showed that the comparison of the reported and actual weather conditions and the standard deviation in the observed road surface temperatures could produce a good indicator of the reliability of the patterns of the changes in the road surface temperature.
CONCLUSIONS: This research shows how road surface temperature data can be evaluated using a statistical technique. It also confirms that roads should be segmented based on the changes in the temperature and not using a uniform segmentation method. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002133140 | oai_dc | 신뢰도를 활용한 도로시설 교통안전성 평가기법 | Evaluation of Highway Traffic Safety using Reliability Theory | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"오흥운(경기대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: This paper proposes a reliability index for the safety evaluation of freeway sections. It establishes a reliability index as a safety surrogate on freeways considering speeds and speed dispersions.
METHODS : We collated values of design elements including radii, curve lengths, vertical slopes (absolute values), superelevations, and vertical slopes from seven freeway sections in Korea. We also collected data about driving speeds, traffic accidents, and their deviations. We established a reliability index using these variables.
RESULTS : The average radii, curve lengths, and superelevations are highly correlated with the incidence of traffic accidents. Deviations in radius and curve lengths show an especially high correlation. The reliability index, derived from speed and speed dispersions of the seven freeway sections, also correlated highly with accidents with a correlation index of 0.63.
CONCLUSIONS : Since the reliability index obtained from speed and speed dispersions are highly correlated with traffic accidents, we conclude that a reliability index can be a safety surrogate on freeways considering speeds and speed dispersions together in terms of design and operational levels. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002133136 | oai_dc | Digital Image Analysis를 이용한 동적수침시험 평가방법의 개선 연구 | Evaluation of Results of Dynamic Immersion Test Using Digital Image Analysis | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"손정탄(한국건설기술연구원); 이진욱(서울특별시 품질시험소); 이석근(경희대학교); 황성도(한국건설기술연구원); 임정혁(경기도 건설국 건설안전과)"
] | PURPOSES : The objective of this study was to evaluate the results of the dynamic immersion test (DIT) through digital image analysis (DIA).
METHODS : The asphalt binder retained post DIT was inspected visually by more than three investigators. However, because visual observations can be subjective, depending on the inspector’s skills and knowledge, DIA was also performed. The threshold value for the DIA was determined by a mesh analysis, in which the digital image to be analyzed is divided into very small meshes. In addition, the bitumen bond strength (BBS) test was also performed to the compare the visual results with the mechanical values.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS : Depending on the materials used, various methods can be used to predict the behavior of retained asphalt. However, the increasing ratio in the trend of retained asphalt shows different behaviors among the evaluation methods. In this study, the results of the visual observations were significantly different from those of the DIA, the mesh analysis, and the BBS tests. Thus, DIA is an appropriate method for evaluating the results of the DIT. However, in order to use this technique in the field, it is necessary to determine a more reasonable threshold value by performing DIA on various materials. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040564 | oai_dc | 도시 및 지방 회전교차로 사고 발생 모형 | Urban and Rural Roundabout Accident Occurrence Models | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"백태헌(충북대학교); 임진강(충북대학교); 박병호(충북대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: The operational characteristics of roundabouts are generally influenced by location as well as traffic volume. The goal of this study is to develop urban and rural roundabout accident models and to discuss safety improvement guidelines based on the model.
METHODS : To analyze accidents, count data models are utilized in this study. This study used accident data from 2010 to 2013 for 56 roundabouts collected from the Traffic Accident Analysis System (TASS) of Road Traffic Authority. Poisson and negative binomial regression models were developed for this study using NLOGIT 4.0.
RESULTS : The main results are as follows. First, the hypotheses that there are distributional differences in the number of accidents and injuries/fatalities among rural and urban roundabouts were accepted. Second, Poisson and negative binomial regression accident models, which were all statistically significant, were developed. Seven independent variables, which were statistically significant, were adopted. Third, the common variable of models was evaluated to be traffic volume.
CONCLUSIONS : This study developed two negative binomial roundabout accident models and suggested some accident reduction strategies. The results are expected to give some implications to the safety improvement of roundabout. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040559 | oai_dc | 전도성 재료를 사용한 도로결빙방지 포장시스템 개발을 위한 기초연구 | Fundamental Study of Deicing Pavement System Using Conductive Materials | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이강휘(전북대학교); 이재준(전북대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to develop a deicing pavement system using carbon fiber or graphite with high electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity.
METHODS: Based on literature reviews, in general, conventional concrete does not exhibit electrical and thermal conductivity. In order to achieve a new physical property, experiments were conducted by adding graphite and carbon fiber to a mortar specimen.
RESULTS: The result of the laboratory experiment indicates that the addition of graphite can significantly reduce the compressive strength and improve the thermal conductivity of concrete. In the case of carbon fiber, however, the compressive strength of the concrete is slightly increased, whereas, the thermal conductivity is slightly decreased against the plain mortar irrespective of the length of the carbon fiber. In addition, a mixture of the graphite and carbon fiber can greatly improve the degree of heating test.
CONCLUSIONS : Various properties of cement mortar change with the use of carbon fiber or graphite. To enhance the conductivity of concrete for deicing during winter, both carbon fiber and graphite are required to be used simultaneously. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040577 | oai_dc | 고속도로의 용량산정 방법론 개발에 관한 연구 | Development of New Freeway Capacity Estimation Method | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김영선(교통안전공단); 이상수(아주대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : This study aimed to develop a new highway capacity estimation method and provide comparative results among traditional capacity estimation methods and the recommended values in the latest version of KHCM.
METHODS : The limitations of the existing methods, such as inconsistency and underestimation of the capacity value, are summarized through an extensive literature review. To overcome these limitations, a new method is introduced by adopting a definition of capacity and traffic flow characteristics at or near breakdown points. This method can produce the capacity value by searching a point corresponding to the maximum traffic flow through analysis of gradient changes (point of inflection) of the traffic flow and speed distribution. Comparative results of capacity values from each method are also presented to validate the new method by using data collected from detectors on freeways.
RESULTS: From the analysis results, it is shown that a consistent capacity value can be estimated by applying the new method. In addition, the resulting capacity values are 3%-4% higher than those recommended in KHCM.
CONCLUSIONS : The capacity values listed in the current KHCM tend to produce underestimated results. The new method presented in this paper may be included in the future edition of KHCM. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040558 | oai_dc | 열전달 및 물질전달을 이용한 공극 발열도로에서의 융설 해석에 대한 이론적 연구 | Theoretical Study on Snow Melting Process on Porous Pavement System by using Heat and Mass Transfer | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"윤태영(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES : A finite difference model considering snow melting process on porous asphalt pavement was derived on the basis of heat transfer and mass transfer theories. The derived model can be applied to predict the region where black-ice develops, as well as to predict temperature profile of pavement systems where a de-icing system is installed. In addition, the model can be used to determined the minimum energy required to melt the ice formed on the pavement.
METHODS : The snow on the porous asphalt pavement, whose porosity must be considered in thermal analysis, is divided into several layers such as dry snow layer, saturated snow layer, water+pavement surface, pavement surface, and sublayer. The mass balance and heat balance equations are derived to describe conductive, convective, radiative, and latent transfer of heat and mass in each layer. The finite differential method is used to implement the derived equations, boundary conditions, and the testing method to determine the thermal properties are suggested for each layer.
RESULTS: The finite differential equations that describe the icing and deicing on pavements are derived, and we have presented them in our work. The framework to develop a temperature-forecasting model is successfully created.
CONCLUSIONS : We conclude by successfully creating framework for the finite difference model based on the heat and mass transfer theories. To complete implementation, laboratory tests required to be performed. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040576 | oai_dc | 도로 기하구조와 탄소배출 저감의 연계성을 고려한 시케인 기하구조 조건의 개선에 관한 연구 | Study on Improved Road Geometry Conditions of Chicane Considering the Relationship between Road Geometry and Carbon Emissions Reduction | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이형원(경기대학교); 오흥운(경기대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: Recently, many local governments have applied chicanes for traffic calming to ensure environment-friendly comfortable and safe roads. However, the geometry of a chicane is designed for speed reduction using a curved portion. This study aims to improve the road geometry conditions of chicanes for reducing carbon emissions and maintaining appropriate driving speeds by considering the relationship between road geometry and carbon emissions.
METHODS: This study was conducted as follows. First, carbon emissions corresponding to changing acceleration of vehicles were studied.
Second, vehicle acceleration caused by the relationship between the curve radius and the straight length was studied. Accordingly, desirable conditions of curve radius and length of the straight section for reducing carbon emissions were proposed.
RESULTS: The existing literature on chicanes present the minimum value of stagger length and path angle in the primary variable condition.
This study suggests the maximum values of the curve radius and length of straight section in the primary variable condition. Therefore, if a vehicle’s speed at a chicane is 30 km/h, this study suggests a curve radius of up to 24 m. In addition, if the vehicle’s speed is 24 km/h, this study suggests a length of straight section of up to 6.6 m. These are the geometric conditions for considering the control of acceleration to the vehicle’s maximum speed.
CONCLUSIONS: This paper proposes an application of geometric conditions to reduce carbon emissions and maintain appropriate speeds of vehicles through a combination of curve radius and length of straight section. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040568 | oai_dc | 도로의 축광차선 도료 개발을 위한 축광안료 최적 배합비 산정에 관한 연구 | Determination of Optimal Mixing Ratio of Phosphorescent Pigment to Develop Phosphorescent Paint for Road Line Marking | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이용문((주) 평화엔지니어링); 김상태((주) 평화엔지니어링); 김흥래((주)평화엔지니어링)"
] | PURPOSES : This study was conducted to derive the optimum mixing ratio of phosphorescent pigment for the development of phosphorescent line marking.
METHODS: In this study, we utilized a literature review and case study methodology, to describe the domestic and foreign state of practice for the production and mixing of phosphorescent pigment for use in line marking. The optimal mixing ratio was derived by comparing the reduction in luminance over time for the various phosphorescent pigment mixing ratios identified in the literature. In addition, performance and construction characteristics were analyzed using field testing techniques.
RESULTS : The results were as follows: 1) the results of the luminance performance standards tests showed that all of the phosphorescence test specimens satisfied the phosphorescent fire protection standard. As the phosphorescent pigment mixing ratio increased, the luminance value increased, 2) the luminance reduction rate was minimum at the mixing ratio of 50%. However, when compared to a mixing ratio 40%, a small difference was recorded, the luminance reduction rate from the mixing ratio of 40% is judged as being converged. Therefore, in view of the economic efficiency, it was determined that the optimal mixing ratio was 40%, 3) as a result of construction on the field, a mixing ratio of 40% was found to have a higher luminance value than the general line marking for up to three hours after sunset, 4) it was found that the phosphorescent line markings without glass beads spraying had a higher luminance value than the phosphorescent line markings with glass beads spraying.
CONCLUSIONS : Through the results of the basic experiments of the line markings obtained by blending a phosphorescent pigment, the results could be applied to play an important role in the development of phosphorescent line marking paint technology and in establishing application planning for on-site construction characteristics. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040565 | oai_dc | 도로곡선반경에 따른 가변전광표지의 교통안전효과 분석 | An Analysis of Safety Impacts of Variable Message Signage as Functions of Road Curve Radius | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이상혁(한국건설기술연구원); 조혜진(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: The purpose of this study is to estimate the impact of variable message signage (VMS) on traffic safety as a function of road curve radius using statistical methods.
METHODS: In order to analyze the impact of VMS installations on traffic safety, travel speed, lateral distance, and geometric data relating to road curvature in each study area was acquired and analyzed for the impact of providing VMS information on driver performance and traffic safety using statistical methods including student t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and the Anderson-Darling test for estimating traffic safety hazard zone in each lane.
RESULTS: As a result of analyzing driver performance characteristics before and after providing VMS information, it was determined that by providing VMS information, mean travel speed is deceased and vehicles are driven with increased precision, following the centerline in the first and second lanes. Also the results of analyzing traffic safety impacts of VMS indicate that traffic safety performance factors in the first lane of the Gapyeong section can, on average, increase in the left and right side of the lane by 19.22% and 68.98%, respectively, and in the case of the second lane, safety impacts, on average, can increase in both sides by 100%. For the Hongcheon section, traffic safety impacts in the first lane, on average, can increase along the left and right sides of the lane by 32.31% and 47.18%, and within the second lane, traffic safety can be increased along the left and right side of the lane by 10.97% and -0.01%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, the impact on traffic safety obtained by providing VMS information for road sections with smaller curve radii is greater than can be obtained for road sections with larger curve radii. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040560 | oai_dc | 형상 방음벽 패널의 반사음 저감효과 평가 | Evaluation of Reduction in Reflection Sound bound from a Shaped Noise Barrier Panel | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이재엽(한국건설기술연구원); 김일호(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES : The noise, which is typically generated by fast moving vehicles, can be intercepted by installing a noise barrier with a soundproof panel. However, reflections from the panels cause secondary noise, and hence lower the effectiveness of the panels. In this study, the reduction of reflection noise by considering the shape, especially zigzag one, of the soundproof panel have been evaluated.
METHODS : The simulation model used in this study was Nord2000, which simulates real-road situations effectively. Based on the simulation results, the joining angle of 133。with the pattern width (a) equal to 2 m and the projection height (b) equal to 0.5 m was adapted in the zigzag shape as the best profit designing factors.
RESULTS: The measuring results at middle height, 15 m showed reduction at all points except the point with average -1.6 dB. At a greater height of 30 m, 2 points showed reduction. A real-sized facility was constructed to investigate the reflected sound from a zigzag shaped panel up to the height of 5 m.
CONCLUSIONS: The reduction effects were detected in all the receive points in the range of 2-6 m distances and 1-5 m heights comparing the plane panel. Compared to plane panel, the noises are reduced at an average of 2.4 dBA. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040561 | oai_dc | 공용중인 아스팔트 포장의 아스팔트층 동탄성계수와 FWD 역산 탄성계수의 상관관계 분석 | Analysis on Relationship between FWD Back-calculated Modulus and Dynamic Modulus of Asphalt Layers for Existing Asphalt Pavements | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"박희문(한국건설기술연구원); 박홍준(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between the FWD back-calculated modulus and dynamic modulus of asphalt layers for existing asphalt pavements.
METHODS: To evaluate the dynamic modulus of the asphalt mixture in the existing and new asphalt layers, the uniaxial direct tension test was conducted on small asphalt specimens obtained from the existing asphalt-covered pavements. A dynamic modulus master curve was estimated by using the uniaxial direct tension test for each asphalt layer. The falling weight deflectometer (FWD) testing was conducted on the test sections, and the modulus values of pavement layers were back-calculated using the genetic algorithm and the finite element method based back-calculation program. The relationship between measured and back-calculated asphalt layer moduli was examined in this study. The normalized dynamic modulus was adopted to predict the stiffness characteristics of asphalt layers more accurately.
RESULTS: From this study, we can conclude that there is no close relationship between dynamic modulus of first layer and back-calculated asphalt modulus. The dynamic moduli of second and third asphalt layers have some relation with asphalt stiffness. Test results also showed that the normalized dynamic modulus of the asphalt mixture is closely related to the FWD back-calculated modulus with 0.73 of R square value.
CONCLUSIONS: The back-calculated modulus of asphalt layer can be used as an indicator of the stiffness characteristics of asphalt layers in the asphalt-covered pavements. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040566 | oai_dc | 퍼지집합이론을 이용한 야간 도로 시인성 평가 | An Analysis of Driver Perception of Nighttime Visibility Using Fuzzy Set Theory | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이동민(서울시립대학교); 윤천주(한국건설기술연구원); 김영범(서울시립대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: Nighttime driving is very different from daytime driving because drivers must obtain nighttime sight-distances based on road lights and headlights. Unfortunately, nighttime driving conditions in Korea are far from ideal due to poor lighting and an insufficient number of road lights and inadequate operation and maintenance of delineators. This study is conducted to develop new standards for nighttime road visibility based on experiments of driver perception for nighttime visibility conditions.
METHODS : In the study, perception level and satisfaction of nighttime visibility were investigated. A total of 60 drivers participated, including 34 older drivers and 31 young drivers. To evaluate driver perceptions of nighttime road visibility, fuzzy set theory was used because the conventional analysis methods for driver perception are limited in effectiveness for considering the characteristics of perception which are subjective and vague, and are generally expressed in terms of linguistic terminologies rather than numerical parameters.
RESULTS : This study found that levels of nighttime visibility, as perceived by drivers, are remarkably similar to their satisfactions in different nighttime driving conditions with a log-function relationship. Older drivers evaluated unambiguously degree of nighttime visibility but evaluations by young drivers regarding it were unclear.
CONCLUSIONS : A minimum value of brightness on roads was established as YUX 30, based on final analyzed results. In other words, road lights should be installed and operated to obtain more than YUX 30 brightness for the safety and comfort of nighttime driving. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040563 | oai_dc | 콘크리트 구조물에서의 열전모듈 거동에 관한 기초연구 | Fundamental Study of the Behavior of Thermoelectric Module on Concrete Structure | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"임치수(전북대학교); 이재준(전북대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : The purpose of this paper is to investigate the application of thermoelectric technology to concrete structures for harvesting solar energy that would otherwise be wasted. In various fields of research, thermoelectric technology using a thermoelectric module is being investigated for utilizing solar energy.
METHODS: In our experiment, a halogen lamp was used to produce heat energy instead of the solar heat. A data logger was used to record the generated voltage over time from the thermoelectric module mounted on a concrete specimen. In order to increase the efficiency of energy harvesting, various factors such as color, architecture, and the ability to prevent heat absorption by the concrete surface were investigated for the placement of the thermoelectric module.
RESULTS : The thermoelectric module produced a voltage using the temperature difference between the lower and upper sides of the module. When the concrete specimen was coated with an aluminum foil, a high electric power was measured. In addition, for the power generated at low temperatures, it was confirmed that the voltage was generated steadily.
CONCLUSIONS: Thermoelectric technology for energy harvesting can be applied to concrete structures for generating electric power. The generated electricity can be used to power sensors used in structure monitoring in the future. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040569 | oai_dc | 계획행동이론을 통한 과속운전 성향분석에 관한 연구 | A Study on Speeding Behavior Propensity Analysis by Theory of Planned Behavior | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이창희(교통안전공단); 금기정(명지대학교); 김명수(한밭대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : Traffic accidents and damage due to speeding should be recognized as a problem which harms society and the economy as well as the parties to the accidents. It is time to seek more detailed and concrete customized alternatives than the existing policies for the prevention of traffic accidents.
METHODS: In this study, we identified the characteristics driver behavior and psychological factors that lead to speeding, and a study was carried out to verify the causality models developed from the factors we identified.
RESULTS : Driving behavior variables have a significant effect on speeding behaviors in order of Lapse, Violation, and Mistake. And the violation which is defined as intentional violation showed the result which supports the research hypothesis as it has the significant effect on speeding intention and behaviors.
CONCLUSIONS: The result of this study can be utilized to develop educational problems concerning speeding and previous response with the main objective of eliminating speeding driver behavior. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040571 | oai_dc | 차량 주행 특성을 이용한 지도 매칭에 대한 연구 | Study on Map Matching Using Characteristics of Vehicular Movements | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이세환(웨이브엠); 이철기(아주대학교); 윤일수(아주대학교); 김남선(국립경찰대학); 강다미(아주대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : In link matching using vehicular trajectory in a car navigation system, it is technically difficult to match the location of the subject vehicle with a link on an electronic map in the vehicle on a grade separation highway segment consisting of an elevated highway and atgrade highway, because of the overlap of geometric lines of the two highways. This study was initiated to propose a link matching algorithm using the characteristics of vehicular movement of the subject vehicle.
METHODS : The selected test site is the highway segment between Jeong-reung IC and Gil-eum IC where the Inner Circulation Road and Jeong-reung-ro run together. To evaluate the proposed algorithm, this study collected the raw packet data of vehicles that drove on the test site. In a simulation environment, link matching was performed using an existing algorithm as well as the proposed algorithm.
RESULTS: It was clearly found that the characteristics of vehicular movements are different on the two highways.
CONCLUSIONS: The proposed algorithm outperformed the existing algorithm. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040574 | oai_dc | 회전교차로 형태별 운영 및 안전성 평가에 관한 연구 | An Operation and Safety Assessment Study of Roundabout Types | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"장기훈(한국지능형교통체계협회); 이상수(아주대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the operational effectiveness and safety of three different types of roundabout found in the literatures using a VISSIM and SSAM program.
METHODS : The three types roundabout tested are the 2-lane roundabout (2R), the Turbo roundabout (TR), and the Flower roundabout (FR). For each scenario, three roundabout types and traffic conditions such as traffic volume and movement ratio were applied to VISSIM in order to compute the average delays. In addition the total conflict was calculated through SSAM by using trajectory data from VISSIM.
RESULTS: From the analysis results, the average delay in TR and FR type was higher than the 2R. Regardless of the roundabout types, the average delay was reduced as the right-turn vehicles increased. The total conflict in TR was fewer than 2R for all traffic conditions.
CONCLUSIONS : The results of this study can be used in the planning and design process of roundabout deployment. The data also provides some numerical justifications in transition from at-grade intersection to roundabout. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART002040573 | oai_dc | 신호교차로의 차로 배정과 신호시간 최적화 모형에 관한 연구 | A Study on Optimization of Lane-Use and Traffic Signal Timing at a Signalized Intersection | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김주현(안양대학교); 신언교(안양대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to present a linear programing optimization model for the design of lane-based lane-uses and signal timings for an isolated intersection.
METHODS: For the optimization model, a set of constraints for lane-uses and signal settings are identified to ensure feasibility and safety of traffic flow. Three types of objective functions are introduced for optimizing lane-uses and signal operation, including 1) flow ratio minimization of a dual-ring signal control system, 2) cycle length minimization, and 3) capacity maximization.
RESULTS : The three types of model were evaluated in terms of minimizing delay time. From the experimental results, the flow ratio minimization model proved to be more effective in reducing delay time than cycle length minimization and capacity maximization models and provided reasonable cycle lengths located between those of other two models.
CONCLUSIONS : It was concluded that the flow ratio minimization objective function is the proper one to implement for lane-uses and signal settings optimization to reduce delay time for signalized intersections. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936002 | oai_dc | FWD 방향을 고려한 콘크리트 포장 하부 상태 평가 | Evaluation of State of Concrete Pavement Sublayers Considering Direction of FWD | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이재훈(포스코건설 토목환경사업본부); 이재훈(한국도로공사 도로교통기술원); 손덕수(한국도로공사 도로교통연구원); 유주호(인하대학교); 정진훈(인하대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: The purpose of this paper is showing that the state of pavement sublayers can be evaluated differently according to direction ofFWD.
METHODS: The concrete pavement slabs above subgrade without anything, subgrade with cavity, and box culvert were modeled by finiteelement method(FEM). The modeled pavements were analyzed by changing the direction of falling weight deflectometer(FWD). Thedeflection results obtained from FEM were used to calculate radius of relative stiffness and composite modulus of subgrade reaction usingAREA method. Then, the analyzed results were compared to the results of the test performed at the Korea Expressway Corporation(KEC) testroad.
RESULTS : The composite modulus of subgrade reaction increased with subgrade elastic modulus, while radius of relative stiffnessdecreased. The pavement sections of pure earth showed the consistent results regardless of FWD direction. In case there was cavity, the radiusof relative stiffness was larger and composite modulus of subgrade reaction was smaller when FWD was leaving the cavity than whenapproaching the cavity. This pattern became clear when the cavity got larger. In case of the section with box culvert, the pattern was opposite tothe case of cavity. When the soil cover depth increased, the effect of box culvert got smaller. When the load was applied far from the cavity andbox culvert, the effect was also declined. The test performed at the KEC test road showed identical results to those of finite element analysis.
CONCLUSIONS : The direction of FWD should be considered in evaluation of the state of pavement sublayers because it can be evaluateddifferently even under identical condition. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936015 | oai_dc | AHP분석을 통한 도로 교통안전지킴이 로봇 개발에 관한 연구 | A Study on the Development of Road Traffic Safety Moderator Robot using AHP | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이영우(대구대학교); 권혁준(대구대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to analyze the requirements of the road traffic safety moderator robot when road repairing. Theroad traffic safety moderator robot is road traffic safety equipment and to conversions mechanical engineering and IT when road repairing.
METHODS: The study used AHP based on the survey from road repair related expert that field engineers, design engineers, public officialsand professors. The survey used paired comparison. The survey items were safety, convenience and economics. The safety is classified asvisibility or efficiency, the convenience is classified as utility or mobility and the economics is classified as initial investment cost ormaintenance $ management cost. The survey alternatives were the road traffic safety moderator robot, traffic regulation by human, trafficregulation by mannequin and traffic signs. The software for AHP is Expert Choice 2000.
RESULTS : The results of AHP analyze, the weighted value of safety was analyzed with the highest at 0.488 of survey items. The weightedvalue of convenience was analyzed at 0.295, the weighted value of economics was analyzed at 0.218. The results of the road traffic safetymoderator robot, the weight value of efficiency and utility were analyzed with the highest at 0.284 and 0.259 of alternatives. The weighted valueof initial investment cost and maintenance & management cost were analyzed with the lowest at 0.203 and 0.211 of alternatives. The consistencytest results of each items, null hypothesis is rejected because the CR values were 0.000 respectively. Therefore, the study results are consistency.
CONCLUSIONS : The result of this study, overall value of the road traffic safety moderator robot came off second-best of otheralternatives. The road traffic safety moderator robot has been received highest praise by the result of the study as good road traffic safetyequipment when road repairing because the weighted values of efficiency and utility were analyzed with the highest of survey items. Theefficiency mean securing safety and the utility mean practical assistance when road repairing. The results of this study showed that the roadtraffic safety moderator robot will effective for traffic safety when road repairing. economics and visibility are that supplementation of the roadtraffic safety moderator robot because the weighted values of economics and visibility were analyzed with the lowest of survey items. Theconsistency test results are consistency because the CR values were 0.000 respectively. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936018 | oai_dc | Superhighway 연속곡선의 설계 방침에 대한 연구 | Study on Design Principle of Reverse Curve in Superhighway | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김성규(서울시립대학교); 김상엽(전북발전연구원); 최재성(서울시립대학교); 민동찬(서울시립대학교); 장영수(한국토지주택공사); 신준수(한국도로공사 스마트하이웨이사업단)"
] | PURPOSES: This study is to conduct the research on the design principle for the driver's safety and comfort in installing consecutive curvesof superhighway.
METHODS: Superhighway does not currently exist in domestic area. Thus, this study is conducted by collecting driving behavior usage of30 people who are involved in the members of the virtual driving simulation. By identifying the distribution characteristics of each scenario inANOVA & Tukey Test, the distribution are categorized into three groups.
RESULTS : In the case of Group A in Section 3 (R2 entry part), lane departure exceeds the safety standard, which means to be riskycondition. And then in the case of Group B and C, the lane departure values applying theoretical formula was evenly distributed compared tothe proven values.
CONCLUSIONS : Based on the result, the continuous curve design principles at superhighway should follow three standards as follow.
First, an additional linear part needs to be inserted between two curves. Second, what if inserting the linear part is difficult, it would be better toinsert a curve more than 2,000m. Third, R1/R2 ratio should not be over two. This design primarily aims to the safety of the operator. Such roadalignment also meets the expectations of drivers, thus, it may help drivers to be compatible and amenable while driving continuous curve insuperhighway. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936006 | oai_dc | 환경하중에 의한 연속철근콘크리트(CRCP) 종방향 철근의 구속정도 | Degree of Restraint(DOR) of Longitudinal Steel at Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement(CRCP) Against Environmental Loadings | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"남정희(한국건설기술연구원); 안상혁(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the degree of restraint (DOR) of longitudinal steel at continuously reinforced concretepavement (CRCP) against environmental loadings.
METHODS : To measure the longitudinal steel strain, 3-electrical resistance and self-temperature compensation gauges were installed toCRCP test section (thickness = 250mm, steel ratio = 0.7%) and continuously measured 10 min. intervals during 259 days. In order to properlyanalyze the steel strains first, temperature compensation process has been conducted. Secondly, measured steel strains were divided into 12phases with different events such as before paving, during concrete hardening, and after first cracking, etc.
RESULTS : Thermal strain rate (TSR) concept is defined as the linear strain variations with temperature changes and restraints rate oflongitudinal steel against environmental loadings (especially thermal loading) with different cases is defined as degree of restraint(DOR). Newconcept of DOR could be indirect indicator of crack width behaviors of CRCP.
CONCLUSIONS: Before paving, DOR of longitudinal steel is almost same at the coefficient of thermal expansion of steel (12.44m/m/℃)because of no restraint boundary condition. After concrete pouring, DOR is gradually changed into -1 due to concrete stiffness developing withhydration. After first cracking at crack induced area, values of DOR are around -3~-5. The negative DOR stands for the crack width behaviorinstead of steel strain behavior. During winter season, DOR reached to -5.77 as the highest, but spring this values gradually reduced as -1.7 asthe lowest. Based on this observation, we can presume crack width decreased over time within the time frame of this study. This finding is notconsistent with the current theory on crack width variations over time, so further study is necessary to identify the causes of crack widthreducing. One of the reasons could be related to concrete stress re-distribution and stress relaxation. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936011 | oai_dc | 국내 아스팔트 콘크리트 포장용 택코팅제의 기초물성 평가 | Evaluation of Domestic Tack-Coating Material’s Properties for Asphalt Concrete Pavement | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이재준(전북대학교); 김승훈(전북대학교); 임재규(한국건설기술연구원); 한종민(한국건설생활환경시험연구원); 이광준(서남대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: The objective of this study is to evaluate the tack-coating material’s properties using the bitumen bond strength(BBS) test anddamping test as function of changed curing times. In this study, bonding strength tests were performed according to the curing time of tackcoating materials.
METHODS : In order to investigate bonding characteristic of tack coating materials, the Pneumatic Adhesion tensile TestingInstrument(PATTI) device is used to measure the bond strength between the tack coating materials and aggregate substrate based on theAASHTO TP-91. Also, damping test as in situ test was used to determine an appropriate traffic openting time for construction vehicle. Fourdifferent tack-coating materials were used in this study. The BBS tests were performed a one hour curing and testing temperatures of 5℃, 15℃,and 25℃. Damping test was conducted at 30min, 60min, 90min, and 120 min of curing times with temperatures of 20℃ and 30℃.
RESULTS and CONCLUSIONS : The BBS test results show various bond strength as function of tack coat materials. At the sametesting condition, A tack coat material shows almost two times higher than D tack coat materials although both materials are satisfied thecriteria of material’s physical properties. Also, Dampting test results shows similar trend with BBS test result. The damping test result wassignificantly changed as function of tack coat materials. Based on this study, the tack coating material’s curing time is very important.
Therefore, both curing time and the bond strength’s characteristic has to be considered in standard specification. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936012 | oai_dc | 차량시뮬레이터를 활용한 도로기하구조 조건별 CO2 산정 연구 | Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions as Highway Design Types by Using Driving Simulator | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"정상민((주)건영이엔씨); 이종학(한국외국어대학교); 최재성(서울시립대학교); 김종민(한국건설기술연구원); 노관섭(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: This study devotes its energies to estimate greenhouse gas emissions for types of horizontal highway designs.
METHODS: This paper suggested two types of road scenarios, scenario 1 is made by the lack of road design consistency. Beside scenario 1,scenario 2 is made by good road design. For comparisons of greenhouse gas emissions, driving simulator was used.
RESULTS: Emission rates of road scenario 1 are 1.4 times higher than scenario 2 in the driving simulator.
CONCLUSIONS : This study may have important implications for contributing to the application of road alignment technology forreduction of greenhouse gases as quantifying the correlations between greenhouse emissions and various road alignments. Consequently, thisstudy will help road designers determine which roads are best alternatives in the process of choosing the roads in the future in terms ofenvironmental benefits. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936004 | oai_dc | 폐비닐 골재가 혼합된 시멘트 콘크리트의 열 특성 | Thermal Characteristics of Cement Concrete Mixed with Wasted Vinyl Aggregates | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"염우성(인하대학교); 안기홍(인하대학교); 유주호(인하대학교); 정진훈(인하대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : In this study, wasted vinyl aggregate, which possesses better thermal properties than natural aggregate, was used in cementconcrete mixture to develop more economical concrete with thermal insulation and freeze prevention effects.
METHODS : Slump and air content of the fresh concrete, which substituted its 0%, 5%, and 10% of coarse aggregate with wasted vinylaggregate, were measured. Compressive strength, Poisson’s ratio, elastic modulus, and splitting tensile strength of hardened concrete weremeasured by laboratory tests. Thermal properties of concrete such as coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, and specific heatwere also measured according to replacement ratio of wasted vinyl aggregate. Finally, the thermal insulation and freeze preventioneffectiveness of the concrete mixed with wasted vinyl aggregate was confirmed through finite element analysis of road pavement crossingabove concrete box culvert made from wasted vinyl aggregate.
RESULTS: Even though the physical properties of wasted-vinyl-aggregate concrete such as compressive strength, Poisson°Øs ratio, elasticmodulus, and splitting tensile strength were inferior to those of ordinary concrete, they met requirements for structural concrete. The thermalproperties of concrete were improved by wasted vinyl aggregate because it decreased thermal conductivity and increased specific heat of theconcrete. According to the result of finite element analysis, temperature variation in pavement subgrade was mitigated by box culvert madefrom wasted-vinyl-aggregate concrete.
CONCLUSIONS: Through the laboratory test and finite element analysis of this study, it was concluded that the concrete structures madefrom wasted vinyl aggregate showed thermal insulation and freeze prevention effects. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936020 | oai_dc | 도로 설계 지역 구분 | Area Identification for Road Design | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김용석(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: Ambiguous decision on whether rural or urban area for road design can increase the construction cost and restrict the land useof surrounding area. However, administrative classification on rural and urban area is not directly related to road design because of thisclassification is not based on the engineering viewpoint, so method which can explain the road design context is required.
METHODS: Method which enables to identify the area for road design is suggested based on the deceleration expected to be experienced bydrivers who use the road section concerned. Deceleration rate corresponding to the area such as rural or urban suggested in Road DesignGuideline is used as the criteria to identify the area by comparing this value with the estimated deceleration rate at the road section concerned.
Speed profile method is utilized to derive the deceleration rate, and speed estimation way for reflecting both road geometry and intersection issuggested using stopping sight distance concept.
RESULTS: The procedure of the method application is suggested, and the design example utilizing the method is provided.
CONCLUSIONS : The method is expected to be used to identify the area for road design with engineering viewpoint, and designconsistency among the roads with similar driving environment can be made. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936005 | oai_dc | 폐어망을 이용한 섬유보강 콘트리트의 적용성 연구 | Feasibility Study of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Using Waste Fishing Net | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"권기철(동의대학교); 김희윤(동의대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: To evaluate the feasibility of cut waste fishing net as a reinforced fiber for concrete.
METHODS: Strength characteristics of fiber reinforced concrete using waste fishing net were investigated. The cut waste fishing nets with4~5cm length were putted into the soil-cement and cement concrete for pavement slab.
RESULTS: Compression and tensile strength of fiber reinforced concrete using waste fishing net were increased.
CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that cut waste fishing net can be used as a reinforced fiber for cement concrete. However, sometimesusing cut waste fishing net leads to decrease the strength; therefore, further researches are needed for real project. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936013 | oai_dc | 구조방정식을 이용한 문화예술의 거리의 가로경관 이미지 분석 | Analysis of Streetscape Image in Cultural District Using Structural Equation Model | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김명수(한밭대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: Daejeon is basically divided into an old downtown and a new downtown, and the recent relocation of the Chungcheongnam-doProvincial Government of Republic of Korea from the old downtown and the opening of governmental buildings in the new downtown as wellhave made this new downtown only densely populated with industrial and business facilities. Such changes in the downtowns have promotedthe conditions of the new downtown while, consequently, dragging down the old downtown. Out of concern for those unbalanceddevelopments of the two downtowns, Daejeon is now carrying out several city projects to revive the old downtown. In the light of that, as a partof the project to promote the old downtown, this study aims to conduct an evaluation on landscape of the culture and arts street in Daeheungdongwhich was built upon those ideas of a theme street project by Daejeon.
METHODS: Based on the findings from the questionnaire not only on the components that would design the streetscape of the culture andarts street but also on the public satisfaction with the streetscape, the study defined how those changes in the components affect emotionalfactors of the pedestrians. In order to achieve the research goal, the study made changes in D/H ratio of the street structural components as wellas the roadside trees. In terms of the questionnaire method, the study used the SD scale, and proceeded with its investigation through thefrequency analysis, the principal component analysis (the factor analysis) and the structural equation model.
RESULTS : According to the results from the factor analysis and the regression analysis, of those three factors, such as the openness, thecomfortable sensation and the safety, the openness followed by the comfortable sensation and the safety was determined to have the most positiveinfluence on the total satisfaction. The structural model analysis reported that the D/H and the structural components of the roadside trees andplanting have a positive effect on the emotional image, and this emotional image also appeared to be positively related to the total satisfaction.
CONCLUSIONS : This study looked into how the changes in the street structural components of the culture and arts street in Daeheungdongwould affect the satisfaction with the streetscape, and finally confirmed that the D/H and the planting are what would have a positiveeffect on this satisfaction. What has been learned from this study will be the basic data to figure out how to promote and improve the cultureand arts street in Daeheung-dong as this data will also help designing and developing of those specialized streets in other regions. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001935994 | oai_dc | 아스팔트 혼합물의 물리적 특성을 이용한 간접인장강도의 특성 분석 | The Analysis of Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) Characteristic using Physical Properties of Asphalt Mixtures | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이문섭(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES : This study was performed to evaluate the possibility of Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) as a testing method that can predictcracking on pavement.
METHODS: Three asphalt binders and one kind of aggregate were used in this study, and all asphalt mixtures were produced using GyratoryCompactor followed asphalt mix design. The ITS test was performed for the mixture which are artificially short-term aged using the oven. TheITS properties were analyzed by air void, compaction temperature, asphalt content, and asphalt binder.
RESULTS: The results of this study indicated that (1) the compaction temperature did not show relationship with the ITS test; (2) there wasno specific trend between the asphalt content and the ITS test; (3) the ITS could reveal the property of kinds of asphalt binders; (4) the asphaltmixture that were produced at optimum temperature suggested by manufacturer did not exhibit optimum result for all asphalt binder.
CONCLUSIONS : The possibility of ITS was confirmed from this study for replacement of the Marshall Stability method. However, itneeds to perform in further studies of aggregate and compaction property to suggest a new ITS standard value. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936014 | oai_dc | 판별분석을 이용한 고속도로 교량영향권역 교통사고 특성분석에 관한 연구 | Crash Characteristics within the Bridge Influence Area of Expressway Using the Discriminant Analysis | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"박제진(한국도로공사 도로교통기술원)"
] | PURPOSES : The bridge section of the expressway has a worse driving environment than the general section. However, traffic safetycountermeasures are focused only on the bridge section. Traffic safety countermeasures on the section before entry to the bridge and the sectionafter exit from the bridge are applied only when the bridge has a long-span section. Accordingly, this study will verify the necessity ofextending the application of traffic safety countermeasures to areas that are affected by the bridge.
METHODS: This study determines the areas that are affected by the bridge as well as the areas that are affected by locations with frequenttraffic accidents and suggests the risk factors by affected areas through canonical discriminant analysis. For the analysis, traffic accident data for3 years, which occurred on bridge sections in six major expressway lines, were used.
RESULTS: The numbers of traffic accidents were 469 before the bridge, 281 on the bridge, and 468 after the bridge. The variables that haveimpact on the seriousness of accidents are as follows: speeding, excess manipulation of the steering wheel, and failure to secure safety distancefor accidents that occurred before the bridge section; speeding, excess manipulation of the steering wheel, and dozing off for accidents thatoccurred on the bridge; and speeding and failure to secure safety distance for accidents that occurred after the bridge section.
CONCLUSIONS : Areas affected by the bridge show higher accident rates than the bridge section; therefore, imposing traffic safetycountermeasures on the integrated section of the bridge and the affected areas is required. It is believed that the results suggested in this studycould be effectively used in the prevention of traffic accidents by imposing custom-made safety countermeasures for each section. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001935989 | oai_dc | MEPDG를 이용한 아스팔트/연속철근 콘크리트 복합포장 간편 설계 | Simple AC/CRC Composite Pavement Design Using MEPDG | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"백종은(한국건설기술연구원); 김형배(한국도로공사); 이현종(세종대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: Analysis and design of asphalt concrete (AC) and continuously reinforced concrete (CRC) composite pavements.
METHODS: In this study, the service life of the AC/CRC composite pavements was determined based on the probabilistic method in themechanistic-empirical pavement design guide(MEPDG). Typical pavement design was provided with respect to heavy truck traffic volume ofhighways.
RESULTS: The service life of the composite pavements based on IRI was shorter than that based on rutting at lower traffic volume, but thistrend was switched at higher traffic volume.
CONCLUSIONS : It is concluded that the main distress affecting the service life of the composite pavements was longitudinal roughnessand rutting. Roughness became lower, but rut depth became greater as the stiffness of the CRC increased. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001935992 | oai_dc | 자연형 도로 비점오염저감시설의 저감효율 및 적용성 연구 | A Study on Removal Efficiency and Applicability of Natural Type Road Non-point Pollutant Reduction Facilities | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이상혁(한국건설기술연구원); 조혜진(한국건설기술연구원); 김이형(공주대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to assess removal efficiency of non-point pollutants and applicability for non-point pollutantreduction facilities by conducting the demonstration project operation.
METHODS : In order to analyze removal efficiency of non-point pollutants for facilities such as a grassed swale, a small constructedwetland, a free water surface wetland, a horizontal sub-surface flow wetland, and a sand filtration, the field data including specifications offacilities, rainfall, inflow and runoff rainfall effluent etc. was acquired after occurring rainfall events, and the acquired data was analyzed forremoval efficiency rate to assess road non-point pollutants facilities using event mean concentration (EMC) and summation of load (SOL)methods.
RESULTS: The results of analyzing rainfall effluent, non-point pollutant sources showed that total suspended solid (TSS), chemical oxygendemand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chrome (Cr), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb) can beremoved through non-point pollutant reduction facilities by 60.3% ~ 100%. Especially removal efficiency of TSS, COD and BOD is relativelyhigher than removal efficiency of other non-point pollutant sources in all kind of non-point pollutant facilities.
CONCLUSIONS : Based on the result of this study, even though natural type of non-point pollutant reduction facilities for roads occupysmall areas comparing with drainage basin areas, most of non-point pollutant sources would be removed through the facilities. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936000 | oai_dc | 연속철근콘크리트(CRCP) 종방향 철근의 초기거동 분석 | Analysis of Longitudinal Steel Behaviors of Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement at Early Age | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"남정희(한국건설기술연구원); 전성일(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to analyse the longitudinal steel strain and stress of continuously reinforced concretepavement(CRCP) with longitudinal and transverse direction at early age using stress dependent strain analysis method.
METHODS : To measure the longitudinal steel strain, 9-electrical resistance and self-temperature compensation gauges were installed toCRCP test section (thickness = 250mm, steel ratio = 0.7%) and continuously measured 10min. intervals during 30days. In order to properlyanalyze the steel stress first, temperature compensation process has been conducted. Secondly, measured steel strains were divided into stressdependent strain (elastic strain) and stress independent strain (thermal strain) and then stress dependent strain was applied to stress calculationof longitudinal steels.
RESULTS: Steel strains were successfully measured during 30days. To verify the accuracy of temperature compensation process, measuredcoefficient of thermal expansion(COTE,11.46×10-6m/m/℃) of longitudinal steel before paving was compared with that of unrestrained steel.
Max. steel stress in the transverse direction shows about 266MPa at 23days after placement.
CONCLUSIONS: Steel stresses in the longitudinal and transverse direction have been evaluated. In longitudinal direction, steel stress fromthe crack was rapidly reduced from 183MPa at crack to 18MPa from 600mm apart the crack. From this observation, stress effective length canbe identified as within 600mm apart from the crack. In transverse direction, max. stress point was located near the center of pavement widthand stress level(266MPa) is about 66% of yield stress of steel | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936008 | oai_dc | 연성포장설계의 소성변형과 피로파괴 예측모델에 대한 신뢰성 연구 | A Study of Reliability of Predictive Models for Permanent Deformation and Fatigue Failure Related to Flexible Pavement Design | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김도완(서울과학기술대학교); 한범수(서울과학기술대학교); 김연주(서울과학기술대학교); 문성호(서울과학기술대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: The objective of this paper is to select the confidential intervals by utilizing the second moment reliability index(Hasofer andLind; 1974) related to the number of load applications to failure which explains the fatigue failure and rut depth that it indicates the permanentdeformation. By using Finite Element Method (FEM) Program, we can easily confirm the rut depth and number of load repetitions withoutPavement Design Procedures for generally designing pavement depths.
METHODS : In this study, the predictive models for the rut depth and the number of load repetitions to fatigue failure were used fordetermining the second moment reliability index ( ). From the case study results using KICTPAVE, the results of the rut depth and thenumber of load repetitions to fatigue failure were deducted by calculating the empirical predictive equations. Also, the confidential intervals forrut depth and number of load repetitions were selected from the results of the predictive models. To determine the second moment reliabilityindex, the spreadsheet method using Excel’s Solver was used.
RESULTS : From the case studies about pavement conditions, the results of stress, displacement and strain were different with depthconditions of layers and layer properties. In the clay soil conditions, the values of strain and stresses in the directly loaded sections are relativelygreater than other conditions. It indicates that the second moment reliability index is small and confidential intervals for rut depth and thenumber of load applications are narrow when we apply the clay soil conditions comparing to the applications of other soil conditions.
CONCLUSIONS : According to the results of the second moment reliability index and the confidential intervals, the minimum andmaximum values of reliability index indicate approximately 1.79 at Case 9 and 2.19 at Case 22. The broadest widths of confidential intervalsfor rut depth and the number of load repetitions are respectively occurred in Case 9 and Case 7. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936021 | oai_dc | 지형 선형 연결 설계 | Terrain-Alignment Linked Design | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김용석(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: Safety consciousness can be the first factor to hinder the acceptance of design alternative, which moderates the applied designcriteria in order to adapt the road to the natural terrain condition.
METHODS : The method which enables to check the safety of design alternative by using design consistency concept is suggested. Themethod is based on the linked or interactive analysis between terrain and road alignment. Real design example is considered as a guide how toapply the method and the analysis result is discussed with the future research.
RESULTS: Suggested method can be used for designers as a tool to review their design outputs can be safe as much as the original design.
So, designers have the more objective judgement on their designs and have the confidence on their designs.
CONCLUSIONS : The method is expected to be used as a tool to see the safety consciousness in an objective view, so any possibleconflicts between designers and design-related personnels caused by the terrain-oriented design can be solved. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001935996 | oai_dc | 아스팔트 도로포장 유지보수(표면처리)용 유화아스팔트의 양생 및 점착거동특성 평가 | Evaluation of Asphalt Emulsions Curing and Adhesive Behavior used in Asphalt Pavement Preservation (Surface Treatments) | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"임정혁(한국건설기술연구원); 김영수(North Carolina State University)"
] | PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to evaluate the curing and adhesive behavior of asphalt emulsions including polymer-modifiedemulsions for chip seals and fog seals.
METHODS : For the laboratory testing, the evaporation test, the bitumen bond strength (BBS) test, and the Vialit test are used. Also, therolling ball test and the damping test are employed to evaluate the curing properties of the fog seal emulsions. In order to conduct all the tests incontroled condition, all test procedures are performed in the environmental chamber. The CRS-2L and the SBS CRS-2P emulsions are used asa polymer-modified emulsion, and then unmodified emulsion, the CRS-2, is compared for the evaluation of chip seal performance. For the fogseal performance evaluation, two types of polymer-modified emulsions (FPME-1 and FPME-2) and one of unmodified emulsion, the CSS-1H,are employed. All the tests are performed at different curing times and temperatures.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS : Overall, PMEs show better curing and adhesive behavior than non-PMEs regardless of treatmentstypes. Especially, the curing and adhesive behavior of PMEs is much better than non-PMEs before 120 minutes of curing time. Since all the testresults indicate that after 120 minutes of curing time the curing adhesive behavior of emulsions, the early curing time, i.e., 120 minutes, playsan important role in the performance of chip seals and fog seals. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001935999 | oai_dc | 열전소자를 활용한 도로구조물에서의 에너지 하베스팅 기초 연구 | Fundamental Study of Energy Harvesting using Thermoelectric Module on Road Facilities | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이재준(전북대학교); 김대훈(전북대학교); 이강휘(전북대학교); 임재규(한국건설기술연구원); 이승태(군산대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: An conventional method for electric power generation is converting thermal energy into mechanical energy then to electricalenergy. Due to environmental issues such as global warming related with CO2 emission etc., were the limiting factor for the energy resourceswhich resulting in extensive research and novel technologies are required to generate electric power. Thermal energy harvesting usingthermoelectric generator is one of energy harvesting technologies due to diverse advantages for new green technology. This paper presents apossibility of application of the thermoelectric generator、s application in the direct exchange of waste solar energy into electrical power in roadspace.
METHODS : To measure generated electric power of the thermoelectric generator, data logger was adopted as function of experimentalfactors such as using cooling sink, connection methods etc. Also, the thermoelectric generator、s behavior at low ambient temperature wasinvestigated as measurement of output voltage vs. elapsed times.
RESULTS: A few temperature difference between top an bottom of the thermoelectric generator is generated electric voltage. Componentsof an electrical circuit can be connected in various ways. The two simplest of these are called series and parallel and occur so open. Seriesshows slightly better performance in this study. An installation of cooling sink in the thermoelectric generator system was enhanced the outputof power voltage.
CONCLUSIONS : In this paper, a basic concepts of thermoelectric power generation is presented and applications of the thermoelectricgenerator to waste solar energy in road is estimated for green energy harvesting technology. The possibility of usage of thermoelectrictechnology for road facilities was found under the ambient thermal gradient between two surfaces of the thermoelectric module. An experimentresults provide a testimony of the feasibility of the proposed environmental energy harvesting technology on the road facilities. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001936010 | oai_dc | 하모니 검색 알고리즘을 이용한 피로균열의 포장설계 및 유지보수 시기 결정 | Analyzing the Fatigue Cracking and Maintenance of Asphalt Concrete Pavements, Based on Harmony Search Algorithm | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이상염(서울시); 문성호(서울과학기술대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : This research describes how to predict the life cycles of fatigue cracking based on NCHRP Report 704 as well as modifiedharmony search (MHS) algorithm.
METHODS : The fatigue cracking regression model of NCHRP Report 704 was used in order to calculate the ESAL (Equivalent SingleAxle Load) numbers up to pavement failure, based on using material parameters, composite modulus, and surface pavement thickness.
Furthermore, the MHS algorithm was implemented to find appropriate material parameters and other structural conditions given the number ofESALs, which is related to pavement service life.
RESULTS: The case studies show that the material and structural parameters can be obtained, resulting in satisfying the failure endurance ofasphalt concrete structure, given the number of ESALs. For example, the required ESALs such as one or two millions are targeted to satisfy theservice performance of asphalt concrete pavements in this study.
CONCLUSIONS : According to the case studies, It can be concluded that the MHS algorithm provides a good tool of optimizationproblems in terms of minimizing the difference between the required service cycles, which is a given value, and the calculated service cycles,which is obtained from the fatigue cracking regression model. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001935995 | oai_dc | L형측구 콘크리트 구조물의 표면박리파손 원인분석에 관한 연구 | A Study on the Analysis of Scaling Failure Cause in L-Shoulder Concrete Structure | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"전성일(한국건설기술연구원); 남정희(한국건설기술연구원); 안상혁(한국건설기술연구원); 안지환(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: The purpose of this study is to verify the causes of surface scaling at L-shoulder concrete structure.
METHODS : From the literature reviews, mechanisms of frost damage were studied and material properties including strength, air void,spacing factor and scaling resistance of L-shoulder concrete structure were analyzed using core specimens taken by real fields.
RESULTS : The spacing factor of air void has relatively high correlation of surface conditions : lower spacing factor at good surfacingcondition and vice versa. If the compressive strength is high, even thought spacing factor does not reach the threshold value of reasonabledurability, the surface scaling resistance shows higher value. Based on these test results, the compressive strength also provide positive effect onthe surface scaling resistance.
CONCLUSIONS: The main causes of surface scaling of L-shoulder could be summarized as unsuitable aid void amount and poor qualityof air void structure. Secondly, although the compressive strength is not the governing factor of durability, but it shows the positive effect on thesurface scaling resistance. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001900351 | oai_dc | 고속도로 유형별 교통류 모형 정산 | A Calibration of the fundamental Diagram on the Type of Expressway | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"윤재용(명지대학교); 이의은(명지대학교); 김현명(명지대학교); 한동희(한국도로공사); 이동윤(명지대학교); 이충식(명지대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: Used in transportation planning and traffic engineering, almost traffic simulation tools have input variable values optimized byoverseas traffic flow attribution because they are almost developed in overseas country. Thus, model calibration appropriated for internal trafficflow attribution is needed to improve reliability of simulation method.
METHODS : In this study, the traffic flow model calibration is based on expressways. For model calibration, it needs to define eachexpressway link according to attribution, thus it is classified by design speed, geometric conditions and number of lanes. And modifiedgreenshield model is used as traffic flow model.
RESULTS : The result of the traffic model calibration indicates that internal congested density is lower than overseas. And the result ofanalysis according to the link attribution indicates that the more design speed and number of lanes increase, the lower the minimum speed, thehigher the congested density.
CONCLUSIONS: In the traffic simulation tool developed in overseas, the traffic flow is different as design speed and number of lanes, butroad segment don't affect traffic flow. Therefore, these results need to apply reasonably to internal traffic simulation method. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001900346 | oai_dc | 아스팔트 혼합물 실린더 시편을 이용한 열역학적 이론의 적용 및 검증 | Application and Verification of Thermodynamics by using Cylindrical Asphalt Mixture Specimen | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"윤태영(한국건설기술연구원); 유평준(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: Evaluation of thermal conductivity and convection properties of asphalt mixture by using thermodynamics.
METHODS: In this research, temperature prediction model based on thermodynamics is derived for asphalt mixture in transient state and itis verified with laboratory test results.
RESULTS: The derived temperature prediction model shows good agreement with laboratory test results.
CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the derived model based on thermodynamics and thermal properties in the literature are good enoughto capture temperature variation in laboratory test. The approach based on thermodynamics can be applied to more complex temperaturesimulations. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001900348 | oai_dc | 국가교통시설 안정적 타당성 평가를 위한 국가교통데이터베이스관리체제 진단 연구 | A Diagnosis Study on the Korea Transport Database for Stable Feasibility Analysis on Transportation Facilities | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김진태(한국교통대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: This study is to find the substantial shortcomings embedded in the government policies and practical administrative processesassociated with the Korean Transportation Database (KTDB) and to propose preliminary approaches to overcome.
METHODS: Administrative and socioeconomic issues on inefficiency in public and private investment and redemption was found from theliterature review. Through the interview of sets of experts and practitioners, a set of faultiness embodied in the administrative procedureutilizing and managing KTDB was found and analyzed.
RESULTS: This study found the erroneous administrative elements categorized into four groups: faulty socioeconomic data supporting localgovernors’s optimistic will yielded overestimation of future traffic demand; faulty data incidentally introduced in KTDB burdened trafficdemand analysis; unavoidable misuse of KTDB worsened the unstability of KTDB; and apathy to manage the KTDB data deviated systematicmanagement. The proposed includes the alteration of the administrative and technical systems to overcome those shortcomings.
CONCLUSIONS : Erroneous administrative elements associated with KTDB should be concerned prior to indicating subsequentialfaultiness in demand analysis. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001900341 | oai_dc | 아스팔트 혼합물의 박리방지제의 종류 및 함량에 따른 박리저항성 분석 | Moisture Damage Evaluation of Asphalt Mixtures depending on the Types of Anti-Stripping Agent | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"최성호(세종대학교); 김원재(세종대학교); 르반푹(세종대학교); 이현종(세종대학교); 황성도(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to analyze the performance of anti-stripping agent depending on its type and content to reducepothole, an increasing pavement distress due to abnormal climate intensity.
METHODS : In the past years, U.S and many countries in Europe use hydrated lime and liquid anti-stripping agent in asphalt mixtures.
Hydrated lime or liquid anti-stripping agent is substituted for filler and binder, respectively, to improve the anti-stripping property of asphaltmixtures. To investigate this, indirect tensile strength test was performed and TSR values were compared for different content of hydrated limeand types of liquid anti-stripping agent in asphalt mixture.
RESULTS : Test results indicate that hydrated lime remarkably increased the asphalt mixture performance on anti-stripping denoted by theincreased in TSR values from 55% to 100%. Liquid anti-stripping agent also increased the value of TSR but not significant. In addition,depending on the types of aggregate, TSR values and effect of liquid anti-stripping were different.
CONCLUSIONS : Using anti-stripping agents improve the anti-stripping property of asphalt mixture especially hydrated lime; however,more experiments should be conducted to improve the reliability about the effect of liquid anti-stripping agent. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001900342 | oai_dc | 에너지 하베스팅 기술의 국내 건축물 적용 방안에 관한 기초 연구- Interseasonal Heat Transfer System 적용 사례 중심으로 - | A Study on the Application Method in Korea of Energy Harvesting Technology - Focused on the Case Study of Interseasonal Heat Transfer System - | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"조병완(한양대학교); 이윤성(한양대학교); 윤광원(한양대학교); 김도근(한양대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: This research is a basic study for application method in korea of energy harvesting technology, and it is a research to find outthe direction of architectural planning through analyzing cases of interseasonal heat transfer system applied buildings.
METHODS : In this paper authors investigate application necessity of energy harvesting technology, we analyzed energy use status ofbuilding section through analyzing domestic energy consumption status and analyzed domestic renewable energy generation potential. Also westudy the features of energy harvesting technology, interseasonal heat transfer system, and case study on interseasonal heat transfer systemapplied buildings.
RESULTS : On the basis of case study on interseasonal heat transfer system applied buildings, we analyzed feasibility study and classifiedinto four sections(economic, environment, design, applicability), and suggested directions of architectural planning.
CONCLUSIONS: Economic renewable energy for public and commercial buildings(hospitals, offices, schools, factories) can be providedeffectively using Interseasonal Heat Transfer. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001900344 | oai_dc | 도로시설물 자산관리를 위한 서비스수준체계 개발 | Development of Level of Service System for Road Infrastructure Asset Management | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"한대석(한국건설기술연구원); 유인균(한국건설기술연구원); 이수형(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: The aim of this paper is developing user-oriented flexible Level Of Service (LOS) system for integrated asset management ofvarious road facilities. It is essential to overcome limitations of general management systems which only focus on a type of assets (e.g.
pavement, bridge etc.), and to serve a customizable LOS platform for smooth implementation and future improvement of the LOS consideringvarious managerial environments of road agencies.
METHODS: This study suggested a total framework of the LOS system as a process for self-development, operation and improvement ofLOS system to conduct the PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) in management process. In the process, we adopted user-customizable elementsregarding asset definition, service index and evaluation method to match with the managerial environment of road agencies. In addition, weconducted an empirical study on the entire process of the suggested LOS system with a real road agency (Korea Express Highway) to proveapplicability of the LOS system.
RESULTS: From the empirical study, we confirmed that the suggested LOS system framework were suitable for development of customizedLOS system. In addition, evaluation of asset conditions by LOS ratings, and quantification of vision achievement of the Korea ExpressHighway were successfully made. It would be the first trial in integrated management approach with LOS systems for numerous road facilities.
CONCLUSIONS : It was recognized that easy application and sustainable improvement of the LOS was the most critical point in assetmanagement. The suggested LOS system would be a powerful weapon as a managerial tool in preparing tight budget, aging infrastructures, andincreased demands for more accountability both in Korea and internationally. Implementation of the LOS system needs to be expanded to theother infrastructure members to serve satisfactory level of service to taxpayers. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001900339 | oai_dc | 아스팔트 프리캐스트 포트홀 보수재료의 선정과 현장 적용성에 관한 연구 | A Study for Selection and Field Applicability of Asphalt Precast Pothole Repair Materials | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김진철(한국석유공업(주)); 배성호(토탈페이브시스템); 이진호(한국석유공업(주)); 양재봉(한국석유공업(주)); 김지원(㈜토탈페이브시스템)"
] | PURPOSES: The purpose of this study was to break away from the workforce method using cold-mix asphalt mixtures and has a constantquality and has develop repair materials of pre-production asphalt-precast types.
METHODS: The selection of the repair material was determined as the results obtained through physical properties of materials and the fieldapplicability. In case of repair materials, values obtained through Marshall stability test & the dynamic stability test & retained stability test aswell as the site conditions was considered. In case of adhesive, test results were obtained through examination of the bond strength(tensile,shear) and the field applicability of the adhesive was examined through combined specimens to simulate field applications.
RESULTS : According to the results of laboratory tests, in the case of repair materials, Marshall stability and dynamic stability, retainedstability of cold-mix reaction type asphalt mixture is the highest. In the case of adhesive, two-component epoxy-urea has a very high bondingstrength(tensile, shear) was most excellent. According to the results of field tests, when epoxy-urea was excellent workability. Also, the repairbody through actual mock-up test did not occur large deformation and fracture after 12 months.
CONCLUSIONS : A suitable repair material is cold-mix reaction type mixture of asphalt-precast, a suitable adhesive is a two-componentepoxy-urea. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001900343 | oai_dc | Performance Evaluation of RAP and WMA Mixtures Located in MN/Road Test Cells through Air Voids Analyses | MN/Road 시험포장 구간내의 공기량 측정 및 결과값 분석을 통한RAP 및 저온 아스팔트(WMA) 혼합물의 특성 평가 | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"문기훈((주)삼성물산 건설부문); Augusto Cannone Falchetto(Technical University of Braunschweig); 정진훈(인하대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: This research is to evaluate the mechanical performance of different types of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) pavement cells prepared forMN/Road field testing section through an extensive experimental analysis of air voids and simple statistical evaluation tools (i.e. hypothesis test).
METHODS: An extensive experimental work was performed to measure air voids in 82 asphalt mixture cores (238 samples in total) obtainedfrom nine different types of road cell located in MN/Road testing field. In order to numerically and quantitatively address the differences in airvoids among the different test Cells built in MN/Road, a simple statistical test method (i.e. t-test) with 5% significance was used.
RESULTS: Similar trends in air voids content were found among the mixtures including conventional HMA, Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement(RAP) and Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) combined with taconite aggregate this provides support to the use of RAP and WMA technology in theconstructions of asphalt pavement. However, in case of acid modified HMA mixtures, significant differences in air void content were observedbetween on the wheel path and between wheel path location, which implies negative performances in rutting and thermal cracking resistances.
Conclusions : It can be concluded that use of RAP and WMA technology in the construction of conventional asphalt pavement and the use ofPPA (Poly Phosphoric Acid) in combinations with SBS (Styrene Butadiene Styrene) in asphalt binder production provide satisfactoryperformance and, therefore, are highly recommended | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001900350 | oai_dc | 간선도로 기능별 보행사고 심각도 분석과 모형 개발 | Pedestrian Accident Severity Analysis and Modeling by Arterial Road Function | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"백태헌(충북대학교 도시공학과); 박민규(충북대학교); 박병호(충북대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: The purposes are to analyze the pedestrian accident severity and to develop the accident models by arterial road function.
METHODS: To analyze the accident, count data and ordered logit models are utilized in this study. In pursuing the above, this study usespedestrian accident data from 2007 to 2011 in Cheongju.
RESULTS : The main results are as follows. First, daytime, Tue.Wed.Thu., over-speeding, male pedestrian over 65 old are selected as theindependent variables to increase pedestrian accident severity. Second, as the accident models of main and minor arterial roads, the negativebinomial models are developed, which are analyzed to be statistically significant. Third, such the main variables related to pedestrian accidentsas traffic and pedestrian volume, road width, number of exit/entry are adopted in the models. Finally, Such the policy guidelines as theinstallation of pedestrian fence, speed hump and crosswalks with pedestrian refuge area, designated pedestrian zone, and others are suggestedfor accident reduction.
CONCLUSIONS: This study analyzed the pedestrian accident severity, and developed the negative binomial accident models. The resultsof this study expected to give some implications to the pedestrian safety improvement in Cheongju. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001900353 | oai_dc | 효율적인 교통관리를 위한 혼잡상황변화 유형 분류기법 개발 | Classification Method of Congestion Change Type for Efficient Traffic Management | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"심상우(아주대학교); 이환필(한국도로공사); 이규진(아주대학교); 최기주(아주대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : To operate more efficient traffic management system, it is utmost important to detect the change in congestion level on afreeway segment rapidly and reliably. This study aims to develop classification method of congestion change type.
METHODS: This research proposes two classification methods to capture the change of the congestion level on freeway segments using thededicated short range communication (DSRC) data and the vehicle detection system (VDS) data. For developing the classification methods, thedecision tree models were employed in which the independent variable is the change in congestion level and the covariates are the DSRC andVDS data collected from the freeway segments in Korea.
RESULTS : The comparison results show that the decision tree model with DSRC data are better than the decision tree model with VDSdata. Specifically, the decision tree model using DSRC data with better fits show approximately 95% accuracies.
CONCLUSIONS : It is expected that the congestion change type classified using the decision tree models could play an important role infuture freeway traffic management strategy. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001900338 | oai_dc | 서울시 중앙버스전용차로 포장방법 개선방안 연구 | A Study on the Improvement of Pavement for Bus Rapid Transit System in Seoul | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"배윤신(서울연구원); 권완택(서울시립대학교 교통공학과); 이상염(서울시)"
] | PURPOSES: This study is to suggest the improvement for bus rapid transit system in SeoulMETHODS: The maintenance cost for bus lane damages and plastic deformations are increased by bus passing speed, heavy bus weight,and climate change (localized torrential downpour, subtropical climate) and the accident risk has been increased.
RESULTS: Recent analysis of pavement damage indicates that bus lane damage caused by heavy weight is overwhelming and it is urgent toprepare countermeasures.
CONCLUSIONS : Pavement data of bus rapid transit system, bus transit numbers and pavement damage elements were analyzed. Byanalyzing pavement maintenance, design and construction, the countermeasures for the improvement of bus lane pavement and effectivemaintenance were suggested. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001900340 | oai_dc | 일상적 도로관리를 위한 장비의 적정 보유대수 산정에 관한 연구 | Estimating Proper Number of Equipment for Ordinary Road Management Operations | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김인수(한국건설기술연구원); 양충헌(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: This study provides a methodology for estimating proper number of equipment for ordinary road management works.
METHODS: Utilizing a computerized data of record systems (KAMIS) in 18 regional offices, two evaluation indicators were calculated andthen normalized for objective comparison. Applied magnifying factor to the outputs, the proper number of equipment can be estimated.
RESULTS: As a result, proper number of equipment by regional offices were required 28% more than current conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: Using the proposed a methodology, fundamental data for scientific and reasonable strategies can be stored as well as beused for the future plan for budget allocation. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000164.xml | |||
ART001900337 | oai_dc | 연속철근콘크리트 포장의 횡방향 철근 설계방법 및 시공관련 이슈 검토 | Construction Issues and Design Procedure for Transverse Steel in Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP) | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"최판길(Texas Tech University); 원문철(The Uni. of Texas)"
] | PURPOSES: The objective of this study is to evaluate construction issues and design for transverse steel in continuously reinforced concretepavement(CRCP).
METHODS : The first continuously reinforced concrete pavement(CRCP) design procedure appeared in the 1972 edition of the“ AASHTOInterim Guide for Design of Pavement Structures,”which was published in 1981 with Chapter 3 “Guide for the Design of Rigid Pavement”revised. A theory that was accepted at that time for the analysis of steel stress in concrete pavement, called subgrade drag theory(SGDT), wasutilized for the design of reinforcement of CRCP - tie bar design and transverse steel design - in the aforementioned AASHTO Interim Guide.
However SGDT has severe limitations due to simple assumptions made in the development of the theory. As a result, any design proceduresfor reinforcement utilizing SGDT may have intrinsic flaws and limitations. In this paper, CRCP design procedure for transverse steel wasintroduced and the limitations of assumptions for SGDT were evaluated based on various field testing.
RESULTS: Various field tests were conducted to evaluate whether the assumptions of SGDT are reasonable or not. Test results show that1) temperature variations exist along the concrete slab depth, 2) very little stress in transverse steel, and 3) warping and curling in concreteslab from the field test results. As a result, it is clearly revealed out that the assumptions of SGDT are not valid, and transverse steel and tiebar designs should be based on more reasonable theories.
CONCLUSIONS : Since longitudinal joint is provided at 4.1-m spacing in Korea, as long as joint saw-cut is made in accordance withspecification requirements, the probability of full-depth longitudinal cracking is extremely small. Hence, for transverse steel, the design shouldbe based on the premise that its function is to keep the longitudinal steel at the correct locations. If longitudinal steel can be placed at the correctlocations within tolerance limits, transverse steel is no longer needed. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000165.xml | |||
ART001849164 | oai_dc | 자전거 이용자의 안전성을 고려한 교차로 자전거 횡단도의 설치 위치에 관한 연구 | A Study on the Location of Bicycle Crossing considering Safety of Bicycle Users at Intersection | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"황정훈(영남대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: Recently, there are increasing bicycle accidents along with increasing bicycles users. Bicycle accidents occurred frequently byperpendicular collision form at intersection inner. In order to improve safety of bicycle, drivers need to be aware of bicycles on the road andintersection geometric designs need to be designed to reduce risk associated with collisions between bicycles and car. This study aims to reviewthe location of bicycle crossing in the viewpoint of bicycle safety.
METHODS: Four types of bicycle crossing by curve radius and driver's check around the behavior are set to simulate the risk of collisionsbetween bicycles and car turning right. Simulation using fortran programming are conducted on total 60 cases.
RESULTS : Bicycle crossing located behind of crosswalk is lower the risk of collisions with car in all cases. In addition to the larger curveradius of pavement edge at intersection and the more pay attention to the rear by the turn head to the right is too low the risk of collisions withcar.
CONCLUSIONS : It is show that the location of bicycle crossing is safer behind than in front of crosswalk in the viewpoint of bicyclesafety. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000165.xml | |||
ART001849168 | oai_dc | 교통시뮬레이션 모형을 이용한 램프미터링 정지선 설정에 따른 효과분석 | The Effectiveness Analysis on Set of Ramp Metering STOP-line Using Traffic Simulation Model | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김인수(한국건설기술연구원); 양충헌(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: This study performs fundamental research on ramp-metering design criteria.
METHODS: We carefully review previous studies in terms of ramp-metering design criteria and then consider applicability in Korea. Forthis, traffic simulation model is employed to analyze actual effect according to specific location of stop-line when implementing rampmetering.
RESULTS : When a stop-line moving forward with a 50m interval, travel speed at mainline relative to current stop-line location tends todecrease. However, traveling speed at approach roads increase about 5~18% under the same condition. When a stop-line location movingbackward with a 50m interval, mainline travel speed increase approximately 17~32% whereas traveling speed at approach roads decrease. Allcases are compared with the current stop-line location.
CONCLUSIONS : We believe that both cases are useful with respect to freeway management. For example, moving forward a stop-linecase can be used management for queuing area at ramp section and approach roads. Moving backward a stop-line case can be used for trafficcontrol, focusing on mainline of freeways. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000165.xml | |||
ART001849167 | oai_dc | 비교그룹방법을 이용한 고속도로 추월차로형 오르막차로 안전성 연구 | A Study on the Safety of Passing-type Climbing Lanes in Expressways using C-G Method | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김봉수(한국도로공사); 김상구(전남대학교); 윤일수(아주대학교); 오영태(아주대학교); 홍두표(한국도로공사); 이강훈(한국도로공사)"
] | PURPOSES: Climbing lanes on expressways managed by the Korea Expressway Corporation (KEC) have been hot potatoes due to conflictsbetween slow-moving vehicles such as trucks and other vehicles at the merging section as well as the less popularity with the slow-movingvehicles. In order to resolve such problems, KEC has altered existing climbing lanes to passing-type climbing lanes in 1999. The new type ofclimbing lanes showed an apparent improvement in mobility. For example, the speeds of vehicles using both climbing lane and other lanesimproved a lot. However, there has been no clear evidence about improved safety.
METHODS: This research effort was initiated to evaluate the safety of the new passing-type climbing lanes using the comparison-group(CG)method based on three-year-long traffic accident data sets before and after the change, respectively.
RESULTS: The passing-type climbing lanes showed twice increased traffic accidents even though the traffic accidents on old type climbinglanes increased 1.1% during the same periods. In addition, in-depth study, the merging area of the passing-type climbing lanes was found out tobe the weakest section where 43.8% traffic accidents out of total traffic accidents happened. It is noted that the merging area of the old typeclimbing showed only 25.0% traffic accidents.
CONCLUSIONS : The new passing-type climbing lanes were found to be weak in terms of safety when compared with the old typeclimbing lanes. Especially, the merging area should be improved to reduce the risk of traffic conflicts between slow-moving vehicles and other vehicles. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000165.xml | |||
ART001849154 | oai_dc | 축하중 분포 변화가 콘크리트 포장의 공용성 예측결과에 미치는 영향 연구 | Influence on Predicted Performance of Jointed Concrete Pavement with Variations in Axle Load Spectra | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"이경배(한국도로공사 도로교통연구원); 권순민(한국도로공사 도로교통기술원); 이재훈(한국도로공사 도로교통기술원); 손덕수(한국도로공사 도로교통연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: The purpose of this article is to investigate the predicted life of jointed concrete pavement (JCP) with two variables effecting onaxle load spectra (ALS). The first variable is different data acquisition methods whether using high-speed weigh-in-motion (HS-WIM) or notand the other one is spectra distribution due to overweight enforcement on main-lane of expressway using HS-WIM.
METHODS : Three sets of ALS had been collected i) ALS provided by Korea Pavement Research Program (KPRP), which had beenobtained without using HS-WIM ii) ALS collected by HS-WIM before the enforcement at Kimcheon and Seonsan site iii) ALS collected afterthe enforcement at the same sites. And all ALS had been classified into twelve vehicle classes and four axle types to compare each other.
Among the vehicle classes, class 6, 7, 10 and 12 were selected as the major target for comparing each ALS because these were considered asthe primary trucks with a high rate of overweight loading. In order to analyze the performance of JCP based on pavement life, fatigue crack andInternational Roughness Index (IRI) were predicted using road pavement design program developed by KPRP and each ALS with same annualaverage daily traffic (AADT) was applied to design slab thickness.
RESULTS: Comparison ALS of KPRP with those of HS-WIM shows that the ALS of KPRP has a low percentage of heavy spectra such as6~9 tonnes for single axle, 18~21 tonnes for tandem axle and 27~30 tonnes for tridem axle than other two ALS of HS-WIM in most vehicleclasses and axle types. It means that ALS of KPRP was underestimated. And after the enforcement, percentage of heavy spectra close to 10tonnes per an axle are lowered than before the enforcement by the effect of overweight enforcement because the spectra are related tooverweight regulation. Prediction results of pavement life for each ALS present that the ALS of HS-WIM collected before the enforcementmakes the pavement life short more than others. On the other hand, the ALS of KPRP causes the longest life under same thickness of slab.
Thus, it is possible that actual performance life of JCP under the traffic like ALS of HS-WIM could be short than predicted life if the pavementwas designed based on ALS provided by KPRP.
CONCLUSIONS : It is necessary to choose more reliable and practical ALS when designing JCP because ALS can be fairly affected byacquisition methods. In addition, it is important to extend performance life of the pavement in service by controlling traffic load such asoverweight enforcement. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000165.xml | |||
ART001849153 | oai_dc | 고속도로 접착식 콘크리트 덧씌우기 포장의 공용성 분석 | Performance Evaluation of Bonded Concrete Overlay in Highway | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"박종원(강을원주대학교); 김영규(강릉원주대학교); 한승환(한국도로공사도로교통기술원); 이승우(강릉원주대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : This study aimed to evaluate the long-term performance of bonded concrete overlay in Korean Highway, and factorsinfluencing the performances.
METHODS: The evaluation for long-term performance of bonded concrete overlay is investigated based on the following study :i) The pavement distress of number of bonded concrete overlay sections in Korean highway are collected through field measurement, and PCIfor each section is calculated.
ii) Performance of LTPP data of bonded concrete overlay sections in U.S.A is analysed. And it is compared with bonded concrete overlay ofKorean highway.
iii) An analysis of the factors influencing to long-term performance of bonded concrete overlay is investigated.
RESULTS: Performance analysis was confirmed that the overlay thickness was affecting significantly on the Bonded Concrete Overlay life.
The comparison of LTPP data(U.S.A) and field measurement data(Korean) was showed.
CONCLUSIONS : It was showed that the performance of Korean bonded concrete overlay is relatively lower than that of the bondedconcrete overlay in U.S.A. The cause of lower performance can be explained by the lack of overlay thickness. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000165.xml | |||
ART001849155 | oai_dc | 골재의 동적 거동 모사를 위한 DEM 입력변수의 결정 연구 | Determination of DEM Input Parameters for Dynamic Behavior Simulation of Aggregates | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"윤태영(한국건설기술연구원); 유평준(한국건설기술연구원); 김연복(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: Evaluation of input parameters determination procedure for dynamic analysis of aggregates in DEM.
METHODS: In this research, the aggregate slump test and angularity test were performed as fundamental laboratory tests to determine inputparameters of spherical particles in DEM. The heights spreads, weights of the simple tests were measured and used to calibrate rolling andstatic friction coefficients of particles.
RESULTS : The DEM simulations with calibrated parameters showed good agreement with the laboratory test results for given dynamiccondition.
CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the employed calibration method can be applicable to determine rolling friction coefficient of DEMsimulation for given dynamic conditions. However, further research is necessary to connect the result to the behavior of aggregate in packingand mixing process and to refine static friction coefficient. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000165.xml | |||
ART001849158 | oai_dc | 지방부 2차로도로의 차두시간 분포 모델에 관한 연구 | A Study on Headway Distribution Models of Rural Two Lane Roads | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"문재필(한국건설기술연구원); 김동녕(단국대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: This study was done to model the headway distribution of rural two lane roads.
METHODS: Time headway data for the various level of traffic volumes was measured in twelve sites. Based on the time headway data,existing seven mathematical models were evaluated and selected by comparing graphically the measured and theoretical distributions andconducting the Chi-square test.
RESULTS: The results show that both the Schul model and Composite Model were the most appropriate models of the models. Based on themeasured time-headway distributions, this study proposed a new headway distribution model by the shift of the Schul model.
CONCLUSIONS : The shifted Schul model has the ability to describe time headway distirbutons for random, intermediate, and constantheadway states. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000165.xml | |||
ART001849160 | oai_dc | 실험적 용량산정 방법 비교 연구 | Comparing Empirical Methods of Highway Capacity Estimation | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"문재필(한국건설기술연구원); 조원범(한국건설기술연구원)"
] | PURPOSES : Capacity is a main factor of determining the number of lane in highway design or the level of service in road on operation.
Previous studies showed that breakdown may occur before capacity is reached, and then it was concluded that capacity is a stochastic valuerather than a deterministic one. In general, estimating capacity is based on average over maximum traffic volume observed for capacity state.
This method includes the empirical distribution method(EDM) and would underestimate capacity. This study estimated existing empiricalmethods of estimating stochastic highway capacity. Among the studied methods are the product limit method(PLM) and the selectedmethod(SM).
METHODS: Speed and volume data were collected at three freeway bottleneck sites in Cheonan-Nonsan and West Sea Freeway. The datawere grouped into a free-flow state or capacity state with speeds observed in the bottlenecks and the upstream. The data were applied to theempirical methods.
RESULTS : The results show that the PLM and SM estimated capacity higher than EDM. The reason is that while the EDM is based oncapacity observations only, the PLM and SM are based on free-flow high volumes and capacity observations.
CONCLUSIONS : The PLM and SM using both free-flow and capacity observations would be improved to enhance the reliability of thecapacity estimation. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000165.xml | |||
ART001849156 | oai_dc | 소수성 특성을 이용한 저점도 AP 표면처리재의 현장 적용성 연구 | A Study on Field Applicability Evaluation of the Hydrophobic - Low Viscosity Surface Treatment Material for Pavement Preventive Maintenance | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"최준성(인덕대학교)"
] | PURPOSES : Surface treatment material for pavement preventive maintenance should be inspected field applicability. This study(Part Ⅱ)aimed to checkup coating characteristics and performance analysis using lab and field tests. The hydrophobic - low viscosity filling material forpavement preventive maintenance is presented in Part Ⅰ, which is a series of companion study.
METHODS: Relative comparison between general asphalt mixtures and surface treatment asphalt mixtures are analyzed and measured forthe field application such as indirect tensile strength ratio(TSR), abrasion resistance, crack propagation resistance, temperature resistance,coating thickness, permeability resistance and skid resistance in terms of british pendulum number(BPN).
RESULTS: It is found that TSR, crack propagation resistance and permeability resistance is increased as against uncoated asphalt specimen.
Abrasion resistance and temperature resistance is secured from the initial coating thickness point of view, which is about 0.2~0.3mm. Skidresistance on the surface treatment pavement is satisfied with the BPN criteria of national highway because of exposed aggregate and crack sillinduced pavement deterioration and damage cracks.
CONCLUSIONS : The hydrophobic - low viscosity surface treatment material for pavement preventive maintenance is validated on fieldapplicability evaluation based on quantitative analysis of coating thickness and performance analysis using lab and field tests. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000165.xml | |||
ART001849157 | oai_dc | 차량의 후사경 폭과 횡방향 이격거리를 반영한 차로여유폭 산정 | Lane Spare Widths Reflecting Vehicles' Rearview Mirror Widths and Lateral Wheel Paths | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"유혜민(경기대학교); 한만섭((주)비츠로시스); 오흥운(경기대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: The lane width of the domestic highway is 3.5 ~ 3.6m and it has been designed nationwide. However, the distribution of theaverage vehicle widths, rearview mirror widths and lateral wheel paths by region appear different. Then, lane spare widths may differ by regionfollowingly. Thus, the flexible design of freeway lane widths is required.
METHODS: The methodologies of this paper are as follows. First, vehicle widths·rearview mirror widths·lateral wheel paths of vehiclesdriven four national expressways were measured. Second, lane spare widths by vehicle widths were calculated. Third, lane spare widthsreflecting rearview mirror widths were calculated by using interval estimation. Additionally, lane spare widths reflecting vehicles lateral wheelpaths were calculated.
RESULTS : The results of this paper are as follows. First, lane spare widths by vehicle widths ranges 0.83 to 0.95m. Second, lane sparewidths reflecting rearview mirror widths ranges 0.518 to 0.747m at the confidence interval 95%. Third, lane spare widths reflecting vehicles'lateral wheel paths ranges -0.022 to 0.322m at the curved sections and the confidence interval 95%.
CONCLUSIONS: It may be concluded that the present lane spare widths are relatively narrow at the curved section. Thus, there is a need toconsider expanded lane widths at the curved sections. Additionally, there is a need to consider flexible design of lane widths by variousconditions. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000165.xml | |||
ART001849161 | oai_dc | 공공자전거 경제적 효과 분석- 고양시 및 창원시를 대상으로 - | Economic Effect Analysis for Bike-Sharing in KOREA - Focus on Goyang and Changwon City - | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"김동준(한국교통연구원); 정성엽(한국교통연구원); 한상용(동서대학교); 신희철(한국교통연구원)"
] | PURPOSES: The aim of this study is to analyze economic effect of bike-sharing after its introduction in Korea.
METHODS: This study reviews current bike-sharing situations in Korea and other nations. We conduct surveys on bike-sharing system'sbike usage patterns and economic benefits in Changwon and Goyang cities where public bikes are the most popular in the nation. Economicbenefits are itemized after reviewing relevant previous studies. Then, the survey is implemented using the Contingent Valuation Method(CVM). Then estimated benefit is compared to the cost which is necessary for bike-sharing introduction and operation.
RESULTS: Using the average WTP per household, the total economic benefit of bike-sharing is estimated as much as 1.75 billion KRW to3.75 billion KRW in Goyang and Changwon city. Using estimated benefit, economic effect of bike-sharing are calculated as 0.69 and 1.00,respectively.
CONCLUSIONS : The result of this study shows bike-sharing could be useful economic policy in Korea. However, economic effect ofbike-sharing differs by city. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000165.xml | |||
ART001849163 | oai_dc | 실물옵션 가치평가모형을 이용한 국도건설사업의 경제적 가치 평가 | Economic Evaluation of National Highway Construction Projects using Real Option Pricing Models | {
"journal_name": "한국도로학회",
"publisher": null,
"pub_year": null,
"pub_month": null,
"volume": null,
"issue": null
} | [
"정성윤(한국건설기술연구원); 김지표(서울과학기술대학교)"
] | PURPOSES: This study evaluates the economic value of national highway construction projects using Real Option Pricing Models.
METHODS : We identified the option premium for uncertainties associated with flexibilities according to the future's change in nationalhighway construction projects. In order to evaluate value of future's underlying asset, we calculated the volatility of the unit price per year forbenefit estimation such as VOTS, VOCS, VICS, VOPCS and VONCS that the “Transportation Facility Investment Evaluation Guidelines”presented.
RESULTS: We evaluated the option premium of underlying asset through a case study of the actual national highway construction projectsusing ROPM. And in order to predict the changes in the option value of the future's underlying asset, we evaluated the changes of optionpremium for future's uncertainties by the defer of the start of construction work, the contract of project scale, and the abandon of project duringpre-land compensation stages that were occurred frequently in the highway construction projects. Finally we analyzed the sensitivity of theunderlying asset using volatility, risk free rate and expiration date of option.
CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that a highway construction project has economic value even though static NPV had a negative(-) valuebecause of the sum of the existing static NPV and the option premium for the future's uncertainties associated with flexibilities. | 토목공학 | null | kci_detailed_000165.xml |
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