id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 270 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
57326bf10fdd8d15006c6ab9 | The_Bronx | Mid-20th century movies set in the Bronx portrayed densely settled, working-class, urban culture. Hollywood films such as From This Day Forward (1946), set in Highbridge, occasionally delved into Bronx life. Paddy Chayefsky's Academy Award-winning Marty was the most notable examination of working class Bronx life was a... | What was 'Summer of Sam' about? | {
"answer_start": [
501
],
"text": [
"an Italian-American Bronx community"
]
} |
57326c5ae99e3014001e6794 | The_Bronx | Starting in the 1970s, the Bronx often symbolized violence, decay, and urban ruin. The wave of arson in the South Bronx in the 1960s and 1970s inspired the observation that "The Bronx is burning": in 1974 it was the title of both a New York Times editorial and a BBC documentary film. The line entered the pop-consciousn... | Where was arson a big problem in the Bronx? | {
"answer_start": [
104
],
"text": [
"the South Bronx"
]
} |
57326c5ae99e3014001e6795 | The_Bronx | Starting in the 1970s, the Bronx often symbolized violence, decay, and urban ruin. The wave of arson in the South Bronx in the 1960s and 1970s inspired the observation that "The Bronx is burning": in 1974 it was the title of both a New York Times editorial and a BBC documentary film. The line entered the pop-consciousn... | When was the phrase "The Bronx is burning" first widespread? | {
"answer_start": [
200
],
"text": [
"1974"
]
} |
57326c5ae99e3014001e6796 | The_Bronx | Starting in the 1970s, the Bronx often symbolized violence, decay, and urban ruin. The wave of arson in the South Bronx in the 1960s and 1970s inspired the observation that "The Bronx is burning": in 1974 it was the title of both a New York Times editorial and a BBC documentary film. The line entered the pop-consciousn... | Who made a documentary called "The Bronx is burning"? | {
"answer_start": [
263
],
"text": [
"BBC"
]
} |
57326c5ae99e3014001e6797 | The_Bronx | Starting in the 1970s, the Bronx often symbolized violence, decay, and urban ruin. The wave of arson in the South Bronx in the 1960s and 1970s inspired the observation that "The Bronx is burning": in 1974 it was the title of both a New York Times editorial and a BBC documentary film. The line entered the pop-consciousn... | Who published an editorial called "The Bronx is burning"? | {
"answer_start": [
232
],
"text": [
"New York Times"
]
} |
57326c5ae99e3014001e6798 | The_Bronx | Starting in the 1970s, the Bronx often symbolized violence, decay, and urban ruin. The wave of arson in the South Bronx in the 1960s and 1970s inspired the observation that "The Bronx is burning": in 1974 it was the title of both a New York Times editorial and a BBC documentary film. The line entered the pop-consciousn... | Who made a film called 'Bronx Burning'? | {
"answer_start": [
879
],
"text": [
"Edwin Pagan"
]
} |
57326c8b0fdd8d15006c6abf | The_Bronx | Bronx gang life was depicted in the 1974 novel The Wanderers by Bronx native Richard Price and the 1979 movie of the same name. They are set in the heart of the Bronx, showing apartment life and the then-landmark Krums ice cream parlor. In the 1979 film The Warriors, the eponymous gang go to a meeting in Van Cortlandt ... | When was 'The Wanderers' published? | {
"answer_start": [
36
],
"text": [
"1974"
]
} |
57326c8b0fdd8d15006c6ac0 | The_Bronx | Bronx gang life was depicted in the 1974 novel The Wanderers by Bronx native Richard Price and the 1979 movie of the same name. They are set in the heart of the Bronx, showing apartment life and the then-landmark Krums ice cream parlor. In the 1979 film The Warriors, the eponymous gang go to a meeting in Van Cortlandt ... | When was 'The Wanderers' movie released? | {
"answer_start": [
99
],
"text": [
"1979"
]
} |
57326c8b0fdd8d15006c6ac1 | The_Bronx | Bronx gang life was depicted in the 1974 novel The Wanderers by Bronx native Richard Price and the 1979 movie of the same name. They are set in the heart of the Bronx, showing apartment life and the then-landmark Krums ice cream parlor. In the 1979 film The Warriors, the eponymous gang go to a meeting in Van Cortlandt ... | When was 'The Warriors' movie released? | {
"answer_start": [
244
],
"text": [
"1979"
]
} |
57326c8b0fdd8d15006c6ac2 | The_Bronx | Bronx gang life was depicted in the 1974 novel The Wanderers by Bronx native Richard Price and the 1979 movie of the same name. They are set in the heart of the Bronx, showing apartment life and the then-landmark Krums ice cream parlor. In the 1979 film The Warriors, the eponymous gang go to a meeting in Van Cortlandt ... | When was 'A Bronx Tale' released? | {
"answer_start": [
442
],
"text": [
"1993"
]
} |
57326cc2e17f3d1400422979 | The_Bronx | The 1981 film Fort Apache, The Bronx is another film that used the Bronx's gritty image for its storyline. The movie's title is from the nickname for the 41st Police Precinct in the South Bronx which was nicknamed "Fort Apache". Also from 1981 is the horror film Wolfen making use of the rubble of the Bronx as a home fo... | When was 'Fort Apache' released? | {
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"1981"
]
} |
57326cc2e17f3d140042297a | The_Bronx | The 1981 film Fort Apache, The Bronx is another film that used the Bronx's gritty image for its storyline. The movie's title is from the nickname for the 41st Police Precinct in the South Bronx which was nicknamed "Fort Apache". Also from 1981 is the horror film Wolfen making use of the rubble of the Bronx as a home fo... | When was 'Fuga dal Bronx' released? | {
"answer_start": [
491
],
"text": [
"2005"
]
} |
57326cc2e17f3d140042297b | The_Bronx | The 1981 film Fort Apache, The Bronx is another film that used the Bronx's gritty image for its storyline. The movie's title is from the nickname for the 41st Police Precinct in the South Bronx which was nicknamed "Fort Apache". Also from 1981 is the horror film Wolfen making use of the rubble of the Bronx as a home fo... | What origin was 'Escape 2000'? | {
"answer_start": [
608
],
"text": [
"Italian"
]
} |
57326cefe99e3014001e67a6 | The_Bronx | Bronx native Nancy Savoca's 1989 comedy, True Love, explores two Italian-American Bronx sweethearts in the days before their wedding. The film, which debuted Annabella Sciorra and Ron Eldard as the betrothed couple, won the Grand Jury Prize at that year's Sundance Film Festival. The CBS television sitcom Becker, 1998–2... | When was 'True Love' released? | {
"answer_start": [
28
],
"text": [
"1989"
]
} |
57326cefe99e3014001e67a7 | The_Bronx | Bronx native Nancy Savoca's 1989 comedy, True Love, explores two Italian-American Bronx sweethearts in the days before their wedding. The film, which debuted Annabella Sciorra and Ron Eldard as the betrothed couple, won the Grand Jury Prize at that year's Sundance Film Festival. The CBS television sitcom Becker, 1998–2... | What genre was 'True Love'? | {
"answer_start": [
33
],
"text": [
"comedy"
]
} |
57326cefe99e3014001e67a8 | The_Bronx | Bronx native Nancy Savoca's 1989 comedy, True Love, explores two Italian-American Bronx sweethearts in the days before their wedding. The film, which debuted Annabella Sciorra and Ron Eldard as the betrothed couple, won the Grand Jury Prize at that year's Sundance Film Festival. The CBS television sitcom Becker, 1998–2... | Who starred in 'True Love'? | {
"answer_start": [
158
],
"text": [
"Annabella Sciorra and Ron Eldard"
]
} |
57326d2f0fdd8d15006c6ad1 | The_Bronx | Penny Marshall's 1990 film Awakenings, which was nominated for several Oscars, is based on neurologist Oliver Sacks' 1973 account of his psychiatric patients at Beth Abraham Hospital in the Bronx who were paralyzed by a form of encephalitis but briefly responded to the drug L-dopa. Robin Williams played the physician; ... | When did "Awakenings" come out? | {
"answer_start": [
17
],
"text": [
"1990"
]
} |
57326d2f0fdd8d15006c6ad2 | The_Bronx | Penny Marshall's 1990 film Awakenings, which was nominated for several Oscars, is based on neurologist Oliver Sacks' 1973 account of his psychiatric patients at Beth Abraham Hospital in the Bronx who were paralyzed by a form of encephalitis but briefly responded to the drug L-dopa. Robin Williams played the physician; ... | Whose real story is 'Awakenings' based on? | {
"answer_start": [
103
],
"text": [
"Oliver Sacks"
]
} |
57326d2f0fdd8d15006c6ad3 | The_Bronx | Penny Marshall's 1990 film Awakenings, which was nominated for several Oscars, is based on neurologist Oliver Sacks' 1973 account of his psychiatric patients at Beth Abraham Hospital in the Bronx who were paralyzed by a form of encephalitis but briefly responded to the drug L-dopa. Robin Williams played the physician; ... | What is Sacks' career? | {
"answer_start": [
91
],
"text": [
"neurologist"
]
} |
57326d2f0fdd8d15006c6ad4 | The_Bronx | Penny Marshall's 1990 film Awakenings, which was nominated for several Oscars, is based on neurologist Oliver Sacks' 1973 account of his psychiatric patients at Beth Abraham Hospital in the Bronx who were paralyzed by a form of encephalitis but briefly responded to the drug L-dopa. Robin Williams played the physician; ... | When was 'A Kind of Alaska' performed? | {
"answer_start": [
561
],
"text": [
"1985"
]
} |
57326d2f0fdd8d15006c6ad5 | The_Bronx | Penny Marshall's 1990 film Awakenings, which was nominated for several Oscars, is based on neurologist Oliver Sacks' 1973 account of his psychiatric patients at Beth Abraham Hospital in the Bronx who were paralyzed by a form of encephalitis but briefly responded to the drug L-dopa. Robin Williams played the physician; ... | Who wrote 'A Kind of Alaska'? | {
"answer_start": [
574
],
"text": [
"Harold Pinter"
]
} |
57326d86b9d445190005eb17 | The_Bronx | The Bronx has been featured significantly in fiction literature. All of the characters in Herman Wouk's City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder (1948) live in the Bronx, and about half of the action is set there. Kate Simon's Bronx Primitive: Portraits of a Childhood is directly autobiographical, a warm account o... | When was 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder' published? | {
"answer_start": [
151
],
"text": [
"1948"
]
} |
57326d86b9d445190005eb18 | The_Bronx | The Bronx has been featured significantly in fiction literature. All of the characters in Herman Wouk's City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder (1948) live in the Bronx, and about half of the action is set there. Kate Simon's Bronx Primitive: Portraits of a Childhood is directly autobiographical, a warm account o... | How much of 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder' is set in the Bronx? | {
"answer_start": [
180
],
"text": [
"about half"
]
} |
57326d86b9d445190005eb19 | The_Bronx | The Bronx has been featured significantly in fiction literature. All of the characters in Herman Wouk's City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder (1948) live in the Bronx, and about half of the action is set there. Kate Simon's Bronx Primitive: Portraits of a Childhood is directly autobiographical, a warm account o... | Who wrote 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder'? | {
"answer_start": [
90
],
"text": [
"Herman Wouk"
]
} |
57326d86b9d445190005eb1a | The_Bronx | The Bronx has been featured significantly in fiction literature. All of the characters in Herman Wouk's City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder (1948) live in the Bronx, and about half of the action is set there. Kate Simon's Bronx Primitive: Portraits of a Childhood is directly autobiographical, a warm account o... | When was 'The Grand Concourse' published? | {
"answer_start": [
504
],
"text": [
"2007"
]
} |
57326d86b9d445190005eb1b | The_Bronx | The Bronx has been featured significantly in fiction literature. All of the characters in Herman Wouk's City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder (1948) live in the Bronx, and about half of the action is set there. Kate Simon's Bronx Primitive: Portraits of a Childhood is directly autobiographical, a warm account o... | Who wrote 'The Grand Concourse'? | {
"answer_start": [
451
],
"text": [
"Jacob M. Appel"
]
} |
57326dbc0fdd8d15006c6adb | The_Bronx | By contrast, Tom Wolfe's Bonfire of the Vanities (1987) portrays a wealthy, white protagonist, Sherman McCoy, getting lost off the Major Deegan Expressway in the South Bronx and having an altercation with locals. A substantial piece of the last part of the book is set in the resulting riotous trial at the Bronx County ... | Who wrote 'Bonfire of the Vanities'? | {
"answer_start": [
13
],
"text": [
"Tom Wolfe"
]
} |
57326dbc0fdd8d15006c6adc | The_Bronx | By contrast, Tom Wolfe's Bonfire of the Vanities (1987) portrays a wealthy, white protagonist, Sherman McCoy, getting lost off the Major Deegan Expressway in the South Bronx and having an altercation with locals. A substantial piece of the last part of the book is set in the resulting riotous trial at the Bronx County ... | When was 'Bonfire of the Vanities' published? | {
"answer_start": [
50
],
"text": [
"1987"
]
} |
57326dbc0fdd8d15006c6add | The_Bronx | By contrast, Tom Wolfe's Bonfire of the Vanities (1987) portrays a wealthy, white protagonist, Sherman McCoy, getting lost off the Major Deegan Expressway in the South Bronx and having an altercation with locals. A substantial piece of the last part of the book is set in the resulting riotous trial at the Bronx County ... | Who was the main character of 'Bonfire of the Vanities'? | {
"answer_start": [
95
],
"text": [
"Sherman McCoy"
]
} |
57326dbc0fdd8d15006c6ade | The_Bronx | By contrast, Tom Wolfe's Bonfire of the Vanities (1987) portrays a wealthy, white protagonist, Sherman McCoy, getting lost off the Major Deegan Expressway in the South Bronx and having an altercation with locals. A substantial piece of the last part of the book is set in the resulting riotous trial at the Bronx County ... | What race was Sherman McCoy? | {
"answer_start": [
76
],
"text": [
"white"
]
} |
57326dbc0fdd8d15006c6adf | The_Bronx | By contrast, Tom Wolfe's Bonfire of the Vanities (1987) portrays a wealthy, white protagonist, Sherman McCoy, getting lost off the Major Deegan Expressway in the South Bronx and having an altercation with locals. A substantial piece of the last part of the book is set in the resulting riotous trial at the Bronx County ... | Where did McCoy get lost? | {
"answer_start": [
123
],
"text": [
"off the Major Deegan Expressway in the South Bronx"
]
} |
573257950fdd8d15006c69eb | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | It threatened the collapse of large financial institutions, which was prevented by the bailout of banks by national governments, but stock markets still dropped worldwide. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant ro... | What action in 2007 by national governments prevented the collapse of large financial institutions? | {
"answer_start": [
87
],
"text": [
"bailout of banks"
]
} |
573257950fdd8d15006c69ec | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | It threatened the collapse of large financial institutions, which was prevented by the bailout of banks by national governments, but stock markets still dropped worldwide. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant ro... | How much estimated consumer wealth was lost as a result of the financial crisis of 2007? | {
"answer_start": [
398
],
"text": [
"trillions of U.S. dollars"
]
} |
573257950fdd8d15006c69ed | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | It threatened the collapse of large financial institutions, which was prevented by the bailout of banks by national governments, but stock markets still dropped worldwide. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant ro... | What is the date the active phase of the financial crisis began as a liquidity crisis? | {
"answer_start": [
649
],
"text": [
"August 9, 2007"
]
} |
573257950fdd8d15006c69ee | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | It threatened the collapse of large financial institutions, which was prevented by the bailout of banks by national governments, but stock markets still dropped worldwide. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant ro... | What year did the global recession that followed the financial crisis of 2007 end? | {
"answer_start": [
481
],
"text": [
"2012"
]
} |
573257950fdd8d15006c69ef | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | It threatened the collapse of large financial institutions, which was prevented by the bailout of banks by national governments, but stock markets still dropped worldwide. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant ro... | What was the name of the company that terminated withdrawals from three hedge funds in 2007 citing a liquidity crisis? | {
"answer_start": [
670
],
"text": [
"BNP Paribas"
]
} |
57325b55e17f3d14004228e5 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The bursting of the U.S. (United States) housing bubble, which peaked in 2004, caused the values of securities tied to U.S. real estate pricing to plummet, damaging financial institutions globally. The financial crisis was triggered by a complex interplay of policies that encouraged home ownership, providing easier acc... | What year did the U.S. housing bubble peak? | {
"answer_start": [
73
],
"text": [
"2004"
]
} |
57325b55e17f3d14004228e6 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The bursting of the U.S. (United States) housing bubble, which peaked in 2004, caused the values of securities tied to U.S. real estate pricing to plummet, damaging financial institutions globally. The financial crisis was triggered by a complex interplay of policies that encouraged home ownership, providing easier acc... | What year did Congress pass the American Recover and Reinvestment Act? | {
"answer_start": [
1268
],
"text": [
"2009"
]
} |
57325b55e17f3d14004228e7 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The bursting of the U.S. (United States) housing bubble, which peaked in 2004, caused the values of securities tied to U.S. real estate pricing to plummet, damaging financial institutions globally. The financial crisis was triggered by a complex interplay of policies that encouraged home ownership, providing easier acc... | Overvaluation of bundled subprime mortgages was based on the theory that housing prices would continue to do this? | {
"answer_start": [
459
],
"text": [
"escalate"
]
} |
57325b55e17f3d14004228e8 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The bursting of the U.S. (United States) housing bubble, which peaked in 2004, caused the values of securities tied to U.S. real estate pricing to plummet, damaging financial institutions globally. The financial crisis was triggered by a complex interplay of policies that encouraged home ownership, providing easier acc... | One of the causes of the financial crisis was easier access to loans by this type borrower? | {
"answer_start": [
382
],
"text": [
"subprime"
]
} |
57325b55e17f3d14004228e9 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The bursting of the U.S. (United States) housing bubble, which peaked in 2004, caused the values of securities tied to U.S. real estate pricing to plummet, damaging financial institutions globally. The financial crisis was triggered by a complex interplay of policies that encouraged home ownership, providing easier acc... | In 2007, banks and insurance companies did not have adequate holdings of which type to back their financial commitments? | {
"answer_start": [
653
],
"text": [
"capital"
]
} |
57325ecbe99e3014001e6728 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Many causes for the financial crisis have been suggested, with varying weight assigned by experts. The U.S. Senate's Levin–Coburn Report concluded that the crisis was the result of "high risk, complex financial products; undisclosed conflicts of interest; the failure of regulators, the credit rating agencies, and the m... | What is the name of the U.S. Senate report giving their conclusions for the cause of the crisis? | {
"answer_start": [
117
],
"text": [
"Levin–Coburn Report"
]
} |
57325ecbe99e3014001e6729 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Many causes for the financial crisis have been suggested, with varying weight assigned by experts. The U.S. Senate's Levin–Coburn Report concluded that the crisis was the result of "high risk, complex financial products; undisclosed conflicts of interest; the failure of regulators, the credit rating agencies, and the m... | Which act was repealed in 1999 effectively removing the separation between investment and deposit banks? | {
"answer_start": [
1179
],
"text": [
"Glass-Steagall Act"
]
} |
57325ecbe99e3014001e672a | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Many causes for the financial crisis have been suggested, with varying weight assigned by experts. The U.S. Senate's Levin–Coburn Report concluded that the crisis was the result of "high risk, complex financial products; undisclosed conflicts of interest; the failure of regulators, the credit rating agencies, and the m... | What is the name of the commission who concluded the financial crisis was avoidable? | {
"answer_start": [
378
],
"text": [
"Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission"
]
} |
57325ecbe99e3014001e672b | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Many causes for the financial crisis have been suggested, with varying weight assigned by experts. The U.S. Senate's Levin–Coburn Report concluded that the crisis was the result of "high risk, complex financial products; undisclosed conflicts of interest; the failure of regulators, the credit rating agencies, and the m... | What agency failed to accurately price risk involved in mortgage-related financial products? | {
"answer_start": [
1321
],
"text": [
"credit rating agencies"
]
} |
57325ecbe99e3014001e672c | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Many causes for the financial crisis have been suggested, with varying weight assigned by experts. The U.S. Senate's Levin–Coburn Report concluded that the crisis was the result of "high risk, complex financial products; undisclosed conflicts of interest; the failure of regulators, the credit rating agencies, and the m... | What practices should have been adjusted by governments to address 21st-century financial markets? | {
"answer_start": [
1487
],
"text": [
"regulatory"
]
} |
573260db0fdd8d15006c6a65 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | As part of the housing and credit booms, the number of financial agreements called mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and collateralized debt obligations (CDO), which derived their value from mortgage payments and housing prices, greatly increased. Such financial innovation enabled institutions and investors around the w... | What are MBS as related to the housing and credit booms? | {
"answer_start": [
83
],
"text": [
"mortgage-backed securities"
]
} |
573260db0fdd8d15006c6a66 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | As part of the housing and credit booms, the number of financial agreements called mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and collateralized debt obligations (CDO), which derived their value from mortgage payments and housing prices, greatly increased. Such financial innovation enabled institutions and investors around the w... | What are CDO as related to the housing and credit booms? | {
"answer_start": [
120
],
"text": [
"collateralized debt obligations"
]
} |
573260db0fdd8d15006c6a67 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | As part of the housing and credit booms, the number of financial agreements called mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and collateralized debt obligations (CDO), which derived their value from mortgage payments and housing prices, greatly increased. Such financial innovation enabled institutions and investors around the w... | When housing prices declined, who reported significant losses from being heavily invested in subprime MBS? | {
"answer_start": [
391
],
"text": [
"major global financial institutions"
]
} |
573260db0fdd8d15006c6a68 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | As part of the housing and credit booms, the number of financial agreements called mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and collateralized debt obligations (CDO), which derived their value from mortgage payments and housing prices, greatly increased. Such financial innovation enabled institutions and investors around the w... | Who could invest in the U.S. housing market through MBS and CDO? | {
"answer_start": [
281
],
"text": [
"institutions and investors around the world"
]
} |
573260db0fdd8d15006c6a69 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | As part of the housing and credit booms, the number of financial agreements called mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and collateralized debt obligations (CDO), which derived their value from mortgage payments and housing prices, greatly increased. Such financial innovation enabled institutions and investors around the w... | MBS and CDO derive their value from? | {
"answer_start": [
190
],
"text": [
"mortgage payments and housing prices"
]
} |
573263d4b9d445190005eadb | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Falling prices also resulted in homes worth less than the mortgage loan, providing a financial incentive to enter foreclosure. The ongoing foreclosure epidemic that began in late 2006 in the U.S. continues to drain wealth from consumers and erodes the financial strength of banking institutions. Defaults and losses on o... | What year did the foreclosure epidemic begin? | {
"answer_start": [
174
],
"text": [
"late 2006"
]
} |
573263d4b9d445190005eadc | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Falling prices also resulted in homes worth less than the mortgage loan, providing a financial incentive to enter foreclosure. The ongoing foreclosure epidemic that began in late 2006 in the U.S. continues to drain wealth from consumers and erodes the financial strength of banking institutions. Defaults and losses on o... | How much are total losses estimated to be from falling home prices? | {
"answer_start": [
477
],
"text": [
"trillions of U.S. dollars"
]
} |
573263d4b9d445190005eadd | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Falling prices also resulted in homes worth less than the mortgage loan, providing a financial incentive to enter foreclosure. The ongoing foreclosure epidemic that began in late 2006 in the U.S. continues to drain wealth from consumers and erodes the financial strength of banking institutions. Defaults and losses on o... | What is the financial incentive when a home is worth less than the mortgage loan? | {
"answer_start": [
114
],
"text": [
"foreclosure"
]
} |
573263d4b9d445190005eade | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Falling prices also resulted in homes worth less than the mortgage loan, providing a financial incentive to enter foreclosure. The ongoing foreclosure epidemic that began in late 2006 in the U.S. continues to drain wealth from consumers and erodes the financial strength of banking institutions. Defaults and losses on o... | What other financial instruments had significant defaults and losses as a result of the crisis expanding from housing to other parts of the economy? | {
"answer_start": [
319
],
"text": [
"other loan types"
]
} |
573263d4b9d445190005eadf | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | Falling prices also resulted in homes worth less than the mortgage loan, providing a financial incentive to enter foreclosure. The ongoing foreclosure epidemic that began in late 2006 in the U.S. continues to drain wealth from consumers and erodes the financial strength of banking institutions. Defaults and losses on o... | What continues to drain consumer wealth and erode the strength of banks? | {
"answer_start": [
139
],
"text": [
"foreclosure epidemic"
]
} |
57329eb1cc179a14009dab72 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | While the housing and credit bubbles were building, a series of factors caused the financial system to both expand and become increasingly fragile, a process called financialization. U.S. Government policy from the 1970s onward has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, which resulted in less oversight of activ... | What institutions comprise the shadow banking system? | {
"answer_start": [
567
],
"text": [
"investment banks and hedge funds"
]
} |
57329eb1cc179a14009dab73 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | While the housing and credit bubbles were building, a series of factors caused the financial system to both expand and become increasingly fragile, a process called financialization. U.S. Government policy from the 1970s onward has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, which resulted in less oversight of activ... | What institutions are not subject to the same regulations as commercial banks? | {
"answer_start": [
567
],
"text": [
"investment banks and hedge funds"
]
} |
57329eb1cc179a14009dab74 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | While the housing and credit bubbles were building, a series of factors caused the financial system to both expand and become increasingly fragile, a process called financialization. U.S. Government policy from the 1970s onward has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, which resulted in less oversight of activ... | What process caused the financial system to both expand and become fragile? | {
"answer_start": [
165
],
"text": [
"financialization"
]
} |
57329eb1cc179a14009dab75 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | While the housing and credit bubbles were building, a series of factors caused the financial system to both expand and become increasingly fragile, a process called financialization. U.S. Government policy from the 1970s onward has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, which resulted in less oversight of activ... | What policy has U.S. Government emphasized from the 1970's onward? | {
"answer_start": [
243
],
"text": [
"deregulation"
]
} |
57329eb1cc179a14009dab76 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | While the housing and credit bubbles were building, a series of factors caused the financial system to both expand and become increasingly fragile, a process called financialization. U.S. Government policy from the 1970s onward has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, which resulted in less oversight of activ... | Since the 1970's, what has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, but resulted in less oversight and less disclosure? | {
"answer_start": [
183
],
"text": [
"U.S. Government policy"
]
} |
5732a8641d5d2e14009ff885 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | These institutions, as well as certain regulated banks, had also assumed significant debt burdens while providing the loans described above and did not have a financial cushion sufficient to absorb large loan defaults or MBS losses. These losses impacted the ability of financial institutions to lend, slowing economic a... | Some regulated banks did not have sufficient financial cushions in place to absorb what losses as a result of the financial crisis of 2007? | {
"answer_start": [
221
],
"text": [
"MBS"
]
} |
5732a8641d5d2e14009ff886 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | These institutions, as well as certain regulated banks, had also assumed significant debt burdens while providing the loans described above and did not have a financial cushion sufficient to absorb large loan defaults or MBS losses. These losses impacted the ability of financial institutions to lend, slowing economic a... | What was a consequence of the large loan defaults and MBS losses in 2007? | {
"answer_start": [
302
],
"text": [
"slowing economic activity"
]
} |
5732a8641d5d2e14009ff887 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | These institutions, as well as certain regulated banks, had also assumed significant debt burdens while providing the loans described above and did not have a financial cushion sufficient to absorb large loan defaults or MBS losses. These losses impacted the ability of financial institutions to lend, slowing economic a... | Who provided funds to encourage lending and restore faith in commercial banks in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007? | {
"answer_start": [
398
],
"text": [
"central banks"
]
} |
5732a8641d5d2e14009ff888 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | These institutions, as well as certain regulated banks, had also assumed significant debt burdens while providing the loans described above and did not have a financial cushion sufficient to absorb large loan defaults or MBS losses. These losses impacted the ability of financial institutions to lend, slowing economic a... | Who bailed out key financial institutions and implemented economic stimulus programs as an answer to the financial crisis of 2007? | {
"answer_start": [
552
],
"text": [
"Governments"
]
} |
5732a8641d5d2e14009ff889 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | These institutions, as well as certain regulated banks, had also assumed significant debt burdens while providing the loans described above and did not have a financial cushion sufficient to absorb large loan defaults or MBS losses. These losses impacted the ability of financial institutions to lend, slowing economic a... | What impacted the ability of financial institutions to lend in the financial crisis of 2007? | {
"answer_start": [
198
],
"text": [
"large loan defaults or MBS losses"
]
} |
5732aa5bcc179a14009dabdc | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission reported its findings in January 2011. It concluded that "the crisis was avoidable and was caused by: widespread failures in financial regulation, including the Federal Reserve’s failure to stem the tide of toxic mortgages; dramatic breakdowns in corporate governance includi... | When did the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission report its findings? | {
"answer_start": [
70
],
"text": [
"January 2011"
]
} |
5732aa5bcc179a14009dabdd | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission reported its findings in January 2011. It concluded that "the crisis was avoidable and was caused by: widespread failures in financial regulation, including the Federal Reserve’s failure to stem the tide of toxic mortgages; dramatic breakdowns in corporate governance includi... | What was one of the conclusions of the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission regarding the financial crisis of 2007? | {
"answer_start": [
103
],
"text": [
"the crisis was avoidable and was caused by: widespread failures in financial regulation"
]
} |
5732aa5bcc179a14009dabde | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission reported its findings in January 2011. It concluded that "the crisis was avoidable and was caused by: widespread failures in financial regulation, including the Federal Reserve’s failure to stem the tide of toxic mortgages; dramatic breakdowns in corporate governance includi... | What agency failed to stem the tide of toxic mortgages contributing to the financial crisis of 2007? | {
"answer_start": [
206
],
"text": [
"Federal Reserve"
]
} |
5732aa5bcc179a14009dabdf | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission reported its findings in January 2011. It concluded that "the crisis was avoidable and was caused by: widespread failures in financial regulation, including the Federal Reserve’s failure to stem the tide of toxic mortgages; dramatic breakdowns in corporate governance includi... | Who was not prepared for the financial crisis in 2007 by lacking a full understanding of the financial system? | {
"answer_start": [
539
],
"text": [
"key policy makers"
]
} |
5732aa5bcc179a14009dabe0 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission reported its findings in January 2011. It concluded that "the crisis was avoidable and was caused by: widespread failures in financial regulation, including the Federal Reserve’s failure to stem the tide of toxic mortgages; dramatic breakdowns in corporate governance includi... | Which business sector contributed to the financial crisis by acting recklessly and taking on too much risk? | {
"answer_start": [
332
],
"text": [
"financial firms"
]
} |
5732ac07328d981900601ffd | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | During a period of tough competition between mortgage lenders for revenue and market share, and when the supply of creditworthy borrowers was limited, mortgage lenders relaxed underwriting standards and originated riskier mortgages to less creditworthy borrowers. In the view of some analysts, the relatively conservativ... | What caused mortgage lenders to relax underwriting standards and approve riskier mortgages? | {
"answer_start": [
19
],
"text": [
"tough competition"
]
} |
5732ac07328d981900601ffe | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | During a period of tough competition between mortgage lenders for revenue and market share, and when the supply of creditworthy borrowers was limited, mortgage lenders relaxed underwriting standards and originated riskier mortgages to less creditworthy borrowers. In the view of some analysts, the relatively conservativ... | In what year were high underwriting standards relaxed? | {
"answer_start": [
454
],
"text": [
"2003"
]
} |
5732ac07328d981900601fff | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | During a period of tough competition between mortgage lenders for revenue and market share, and when the supply of creditworthy borrowers was limited, mortgage lenders relaxed underwriting standards and originated riskier mortgages to less creditworthy borrowers. In the view of some analysts, the relatively conservativ... | What years were the worst mortgage loans originated? | {
"answer_start": [
694
],
"text": [
"2004–2007"
]
} |
5732ac07328d981900602000 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | During a period of tough competition between mortgage lenders for revenue and market share, and when the supply of creditworthy borrowers was limited, mortgage lenders relaxed underwriting standards and originated riskier mortgages to less creditworthy borrowers. In the view of some analysts, the relatively conservativ... | What years had the most intense competition between securitizers and the lowest market share for GSEs? | {
"answer_start": [
694
],
"text": [
"2004–2007"
]
} |
5732ac07328d981900602001 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | During a period of tough competition between mortgage lenders for revenue and market share, and when the supply of creditworthy borrowers was limited, mortgage lenders relaxed underwriting standards and originated riskier mortgages to less creditworthy borrowers. In the view of some analysts, the relatively conservativ... | Who policed mortgage originators and maintained relatively high standards prior to 2003? | {
"answer_start": [
322
],
"text": [
"government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs)"
]
} |
5732add9cc179a14009dabf0 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, written by the six Democratic appointees, the minority report, written by 3 of the 4 Republican appointees, studies by Federal Reserve economists, and the work of several independent scholars generally contend that government affordable housing policy was ... | How many Democratic appointees wrote the majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission? | {
"answer_start": [
79
],
"text": [
"six"
]
} |
5732add9cc179a14009dabf1 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, written by the six Democratic appointees, the minority report, written by 3 of the 4 Republican appointees, studies by Federal Reserve economists, and the work of several independent scholars generally contend that government affordable housing policy was ... | Who claimed that the GSE never purchased subprime loans - a claim that is widely disputed? | {
"answer_start": [
655
],
"text": [
"Paul Krugman"
]
} |
5732add9cc179a14009dabf2 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, written by the six Democratic appointees, the minority report, written by 3 of the 4 Republican appointees, studies by Federal Reserve economists, and the work of several independent scholars generally contend that government affordable housing policy was ... | Several reports written by various agencies concluded that which policy was not the primary cause of the financial crisis? | {
"answer_start": [
279
],
"text": [
"government affordable housing policy"
]
} |
5732add9cc179a14009dabf3 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, written by the six Democratic appointees, the minority report, written by 3 of the 4 Republican appointees, studies by Federal Reserve economists, and the work of several independent scholars generally contend that government affordable housing policy was ... | How many Republican appointees wrote the minority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission? | {
"answer_start": [
147
],
"text": [
"4"
]
} |
5732add9cc179a14009dabf4 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, written by the six Democratic appointees, the minority report, written by 3 of the 4 Republican appointees, studies by Federal Reserve economists, and the work of several independent scholars generally contend that government affordable housing policy was ... | According to reports, which loans performed better than some loans securitized by private investment banks? | {
"answer_start": [
471
],
"text": [
"GSE loans"
]
} |
5732afd2328d981900602007 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In his dissent to the majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, American Enterprise Institute fellow Peter J. Wallison stated his belief that the roots of the financial crisis can be traced directly and primarily to affordable housing policies initiated by HUD in the 1990s and to massive risky loan pu... | Which government-sponsored entities had massive risky loan purchases? | {
"answer_start": [
361
],
"text": [
"Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac"
]
} |
5732afd2328d981900602008 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In his dissent to the majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, American Enterprise Institute fellow Peter J. Wallison stated his belief that the roots of the financial crisis can be traced directly and primarily to affordable housing policies initiated by HUD in the 1990s and to massive risky loan pu... | How many estimated substandard loans did Fannie and Freddie have in 2008? | {
"answer_start": [
596
],
"text": [
"13 million"
]
} |
5732afd2328d981900602009 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In his dissent to the majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, American Enterprise Institute fellow Peter J. Wallison stated his belief that the roots of the financial crisis can be traced directly and primarily to affordable housing policies initiated by HUD in the 1990s and to massive risky loan pu... | What was the value of the estimated 13 million substandard loans held by Fannie and Freddie in 2008? | {
"answer_start": [
634
],
"text": [
"over $2 trillion"
]
} |
5732afd2328d98190060200a | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In his dissent to the majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, American Enterprise Institute fellow Peter J. Wallison stated his belief that the roots of the financial crisis can be traced directly and primarily to affordable housing policies initiated by HUD in the 1990s and to massive risky loan pu... | How many ex-executives of Fannie and Freddie were named in the SEC's December 2011 securities fraud case? | {
"answer_start": [
476
],
"text": [
"6"
]
} |
5732afd2328d98190060200b | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In his dissent to the majority report of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, American Enterprise Institute fellow Peter J. Wallison stated his belief that the roots of the financial crisis can be traced directly and primarily to affordable housing policies initiated by HUD in the 1990s and to massive risky loan pu... | Peter J. Wallison believes that the one of the roots of the financial crisis can be traced to affordable housing policies by which agency in the 1990s? | {
"answer_start": [
275
],
"text": [
"HUD"
]
} |
5732b191d6dcfa19001e8a7c | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In the early and mid-2000s, the Bush administration called numerous times for investigation into the safety and soundness of the GSEs and their swelling portfolio of subprime mortgages. On September 10, 2003, the House Financial Services Committee held a hearing at the urging of the administration to assess safety and ... | Which administration called for investigation into the soundness of GSEs in the early and mid-2000s? | {
"answer_start": [
32
],
"text": [
"Bush administration"
]
} |
5732b191d6dcfa19001e8a7d | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In the early and mid-2000s, the Bush administration called numerous times for investigation into the safety and soundness of the GSEs and their swelling portfolio of subprime mortgages. On September 10, 2003, the House Financial Services Committee held a hearing at the urging of the administration to assess safety and ... | Who uncovered accounting discrepancies in Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac? | {
"answer_start": [
374
],
"text": [
"Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (OFHEO)"
]
} |
5732b191d6dcfa19001e8a7e | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In the early and mid-2000s, the Bush administration called numerous times for investigation into the safety and soundness of the GSEs and their swelling portfolio of subprime mortgages. On September 10, 2003, the House Financial Services Committee held a hearing at the urging of the administration to assess safety and ... | On what date did the House Financial Services Committee hold a hearing to assess safety and soundness issues regarding Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac? | {
"answer_start": [
189
],
"text": [
"September 10, 2003"
]
} |
5732b191d6dcfa19001e8a7f | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In the early and mid-2000s, the Bush administration called numerous times for investigation into the safety and soundness of the GSEs and their swelling portfolio of subprime mortgages. On September 10, 2003, the House Financial Services Committee held a hearing at the urging of the administration to assess safety and ... | What was the result of the House Financial Services Committee on September 10, 2003 regarding Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac? | {
"answer_start": [
498
],
"text": [
"The hearings never resulted in new legislation or formal investigation"
]
} |
5732b191d6dcfa19001e8a80 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | In the early and mid-2000s, the Bush administration called numerous times for investigation into the safety and soundness of the GSEs and their swelling portfolio of subprime mortgages. On September 10, 2003, the House Financial Services Committee held a hearing at the urging of the administration to assess safety and ... | Who rebuked OFHEO in 2003 for their attempt at regulation of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac? | {
"answer_start": [
213
],
"text": [
"House Financial Services Committee"
]
} |
5732b3a5328d981900602017 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | A 2000 United States Department of the Treasury study of lending trends for 305 cities from 1993 to 1998 showed that $467 billion of mortgage lending was made by Community Reinvestment Act (CRA)-covered lenders into low and mid level income (LMI) borrowers and neighborhoods, representing 10% of all U.S. mortgage lendin... | What was the value of mortgage lending made by Community Reinvestment Act covered lenders to low and mid level income borrowers and neighborhoods from 1993-1998? | {
"answer_start": [
117
],
"text": [
"$467 billion"
]
} |
5732b3a5328d981900602018 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | A 2000 United States Department of the Treasury study of lending trends for 305 cities from 1993 to 1998 showed that $467 billion of mortgage lending was made by Community Reinvestment Act (CRA)-covered lenders into low and mid level income (LMI) borrowers and neighborhoods, representing 10% of all U.S. mortgage lendin... | What percent of mortgage lending was made by Community Reinvestment Act covered lenders from 1993 to 1998? | {
"answer_start": [
289
],
"text": [
"10%"
]
} |
5732b3a5328d981900602019 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | A 2000 United States Department of the Treasury study of lending trends for 305 cities from 1993 to 1998 showed that $467 billion of mortgage lending was made by Community Reinvestment Act (CRA)-covered lenders into low and mid level income (LMI) borrowers and neighborhoods, representing 10% of all U.S. mortgage lendin... | What does CRA stand for? | {
"answer_start": [
162
],
"text": [
"Community Reinvestment Act"
]
} |
5732b3a5328d98190060201a | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | A 2000 United States Department of the Treasury study of lending trends for 305 cities from 1993 to 1998 showed that $467 billion of mortgage lending was made by Community Reinvestment Act (CRA)-covered lenders into low and mid level income (LMI) borrowers and neighborhoods, representing 10% of all U.S. mortgage lendin... | What percent of sub-prime lending occurred at CRA-covered institutions in the run-up to the financial crisis? | {
"answer_start": [
521
],
"text": [
"25%"
]
} |
5732b3a5328d98190060201b | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | A 2000 United States Department of the Treasury study of lending trends for 305 cities from 1993 to 1998 showed that $467 billion of mortgage lending was made by Community Reinvestment Act (CRA)-covered lenders into low and mid level income (LMI) borrowers and neighborhoods, representing 10% of all U.S. mortgage lendin... | What percent of sub-prime loans had some connection with CRA in the run-up to the financial crisis? | {
"answer_start": [
599
],
"text": [
"25%"
]
} |
5732b589cc179a14009dac1e | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | To other analysts the delay between CRA rule changes (in 1995) and the explosion of subprime lending is not surprising, and does not exonerate the CRA. They contend that there were two, connected causes to the crisis: the relaxation of underwriting standards in 1995 and the ultra-low interest rates initiated by the Fed... | When did CRA make rule changes to relax underwriting standards? | {
"answer_start": [
262
],
"text": [
"1995"
]
} |
5732b589cc179a14009dac1f | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | To other analysts the delay between CRA rule changes (in 1995) and the explosion of subprime lending is not surprising, and does not exonerate the CRA. They contend that there were two, connected causes to the crisis: the relaxation of underwriting standards in 1995 and the ultra-low interest rates initiated by the Fed... | How much were CRA loan commitments between 1994 and 2007? | {
"answer_start": [
541
],
"text": [
"$4.5 trillion"
]
} |
5732b589cc179a14009dac20 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | To other analysts the delay between CRA rule changes (in 1995) and the explosion of subprime lending is not surprising, and does not exonerate the CRA. They contend that there were two, connected causes to the crisis: the relaxation of underwriting standards in 1995 and the ultra-low interest rates initiated by the Fed... | What was the Federal Reserve's assumption regarding what makes a loan subprime? | {
"answer_start": [
729
],
"text": [
"high-interest-rate loans (3 percentage points over average)"
]
} |
5732b589cc179a14009dac21 | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | To other analysts the delay between CRA rule changes (in 1995) and the explosion of subprime lending is not surprising, and does not exonerate the CRA. They contend that there were two, connected causes to the crisis: the relaxation of underwriting standards in 1995 and the ultra-low interest rates initiated by the Fed... | How did the Federal Reserve classify CRA loans? | {
"answer_start": [
666
],
"text": [
"prime"
]
} |
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