id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 270 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
5734275c4776f41900661992 | Portugal | Traditional architecture is distinctive and include the Manueline, also known as Portuguese late Gothic, a sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the first decades of the 16th century. A 20th-century interpretation of traditional architecture, Soft Portuguese style, appears extensively ... | What is the Manueline style? | {
"answer_start": [
105
],
"text": [
"a sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the first decades of the 16th century"
]
} |
5734275c4776f41900661993 | Portugal | Traditional architecture is distinctive and include the Manueline, also known as Portuguese late Gothic, a sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the first decades of the 16th century. A 20th-century interpretation of traditional architecture, Soft Portuguese style, appears extensively ... | What is Soft Portuguese style? | {
"answer_start": [
218
],
"text": [
"A 20th-century interpretation of traditional architecture"
]
} |
5734275c4776f41900661994 | Portugal | Traditional architecture is distinctive and include the Manueline, also known as Portuguese late Gothic, a sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the first decades of the 16th century. A 20th-century interpretation of traditional architecture, Soft Portuguese style, appears extensively ... | Who are some of the most renowned architects to come from Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
417
],
"text": [
"Eduardo Souto de Moura, Álvaro Siza Vieira (both Pritzker Prize winners) and Gonçalo Byrne"
]
} |
5734275c4776f41900661995 | Portugal | Traditional architecture is distinctive and include the Manueline, also known as Portuguese late Gothic, a sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the first decades of the 16th century. A 20th-century interpretation of traditional architecture, Soft Portuguese style, appears extensively ... | For what is Tomas Taveira particularly noteworthy for in Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
572
],
"text": [
"stadium design"
]
} |
573427dc4776f419006619af | Portugal | Portuguese cinema has a long tradition, reaching back to the birth of the medium in the late 19th century. Portuguese film directors such as Arthur Duarte, António Lopes Ribeiro, António Reis, Pedro Costa, Manoel de Oliveira, João César Monteiro, António-Pedro Vasconcelos, Fernando Lopes, João Botelho and Leonel Vieira... | In which period was cinema born? | {
"answer_start": [
88
],
"text": [
"late 19th century"
]
} |
573427dc4776f419006619b0 | Portugal | Portuguese cinema has a long tradition, reaching back to the birth of the medium in the late 19th century. Portuguese film directors such as Arthur Duarte, António Lopes Ribeiro, António Reis, Pedro Costa, Manoel de Oliveira, João César Monteiro, António-Pedro Vasconcelos, Fernando Lopes, João Botelho and Leonel Vieira... | Who are some examples of Portuguese film directors? | {
"answer_start": [
141
],
"text": [
"Arthur Duarte, António Lopes Ribeiro, António Reis, Pedro Costa, Manoel de Oliveira, João César Monteiro, António-Pedro Vasconcelos, Fernando Lopes"
]
} |
573427dc4776f419006619b1 | Portugal | Portuguese cinema has a long tradition, reaching back to the birth of the medium in the late 19th century. Portuguese film directors such as Arthur Duarte, António Lopes Ribeiro, António Reis, Pedro Costa, Manoel de Oliveira, João César Monteiro, António-Pedro Vasconcelos, Fernando Lopes, João Botelho and Leonel Vieira... | Who are some noted Portuguese actors? | {
"answer_start": [
399
],
"text": [
"Joaquim de Almeida, Daniela Ruah, Maria de Medeiros, Diogo Infante, Soraia Chaves, Ribeirinho, Lúcia Moniz, and Diogo Morgado"
]
} |
57342888d058e614000b6a50 | Portugal | Adventurer and poet Luís de Camões (c. 1524–1580) wrote the epic poem "Os Lusíadas" (The Lusiads), with Virgil's Aeneid as his main influence. Modern Portuguese poetry is rooted in neoclassic and contemporary styles, as exemplified by Fernando Pessoa (1888–1935). Modern Portuguese literature is represented by authors s... | Who was Luís de Camões? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Adventurer and poet"
]
} |
57342888d058e614000b6a51 | Portugal | Adventurer and poet Luís de Camões (c. 1524–1580) wrote the epic poem "Os Lusíadas" (The Lusiads), with Virgil's Aeneid as his main influence. Modern Portuguese poetry is rooted in neoclassic and contemporary styles, as exemplified by Fernando Pessoa (1888–1935). Modern Portuguese literature is represented by authors s... | What epic poem did Luís de Camões write? | {
"answer_start": [
70
],
"text": [
"\"Os Lusíadas\" (The Lusiads)"
]
} |
57342888d058e614000b6a52 | Portugal | Adventurer and poet Luís de Camões (c. 1524–1580) wrote the epic poem "Os Lusíadas" (The Lusiads), with Virgil's Aeneid as his main influence. Modern Portuguese poetry is rooted in neoclassic and contemporary styles, as exemplified by Fernando Pessoa (1888–1935). Modern Portuguese literature is represented by authors s... | What was Luís de Camões main influence? | {
"answer_start": [
104
],
"text": [
"Virgil's Aeneid"
]
} |
57342888d058e614000b6a53 | Portugal | Adventurer and poet Luís de Camões (c. 1524–1580) wrote the epic poem "Os Lusíadas" (The Lusiads), with Virgil's Aeneid as his main influence. Modern Portuguese poetry is rooted in neoclassic and contemporary styles, as exemplified by Fernando Pessoa (1888–1935). Modern Portuguese literature is represented by authors s... | What styles are modern Portuguese poetry rooted in? | {
"answer_start": [
181
],
"text": [
"neoclassic and contemporary styles"
]
} |
57342888d058e614000b6a54 | Portugal | Adventurer and poet Luís de Camões (c. 1524–1580) wrote the epic poem "Os Lusíadas" (The Lusiads), with Virgil's Aeneid as his main influence. Modern Portuguese poetry is rooted in neoclassic and contemporary styles, as exemplified by Fernando Pessoa (1888–1935). Modern Portuguese literature is represented by authors s... | Who are some modern Portuguese authors? | {
"answer_start": [
327
],
"text": [
"Almeida Garrett, Camilo Castelo Branco, Eça de Queiroz, Fernando Pessoa, Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen, António Lobo Antunes and Miguel Torga"
]
} |
57342937d058e614000b6a64 | Portugal | Portuguese cuisine is diverse. The Portuguese consume a lot of dry cod (bacalhau in Portuguese), for which there are hundreds of recipes. There are more than enough bacalhau dishes for each day of the year. Two other popular fish recipes are grilled sardines and caldeirada, a potato-based stew that can be made from sev... | What is dry cod known as in Portuguese? | {
"answer_start": [
72
],
"text": [
"bacalhau"
]
} |
57342937d058e614000b6a65 | Portugal | Portuguese cuisine is diverse. The Portuguese consume a lot of dry cod (bacalhau in Portuguese), for which there are hundreds of recipes. There are more than enough bacalhau dishes for each day of the year. Two other popular fish recipes are grilled sardines and caldeirada, a potato-based stew that can be made from sev... | Other than bacalhau, what are two other popular fish recipes in Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
242
],
"text": [
"grilled sardines and caldeirada"
]
} |
57342937d058e614000b6a66 | Portugal | Portuguese cuisine is diverse. The Portuguese consume a lot of dry cod (bacalhau in Portuguese), for which there are hundreds of recipes. There are more than enough bacalhau dishes for each day of the year. Two other popular fish recipes are grilled sardines and caldeirada, a potato-based stew that can be made from sev... | What is caldeirada? | {
"answer_start": [
275
],
"text": [
"a potato-based stew that can be made from several types of fish"
]
} |
57342937d058e614000b6a67 | Portugal | Portuguese cuisine is diverse. The Portuguese consume a lot of dry cod (bacalhau in Portuguese), for which there are hundreds of recipes. There are more than enough bacalhau dishes for each day of the year. Two other popular fish recipes are grilled sardines and caldeirada, a potato-based stew that can be made from sev... | What meats are often used in Portuguese recipes? | {
"answer_start": [
397
],
"text": [
"beef, pork, lamb, or chicken"
]
} |
57342937d058e614000b6a68 | Portugal | Portuguese cuisine is diverse. The Portuguese consume a lot of dry cod (bacalhau in Portuguese), for which there are hundreds of recipes. There are more than enough bacalhau dishes for each day of the year. Two other popular fish recipes are grilled sardines and caldeirada, a potato-based stew that can be made from sev... | What are two popular Northern Portugal dishes? | {
"answer_start": [
584
],
"text": [
"arroz de sarrabulho (rice stewed in pigs blood) or the arroz de cabidela (rice and chickens meat stewed in chickens blood)"
]
} |
573429e3d058e614000b6a78 | Portugal | Typical fast food dishes include the Francesinha (Frenchie) from Porto, and bifanas (grilled pork) or prego (grilled beef) sandwiches, which are well known around the country. The Portuguese art of pastry has its origins in the many medieval Catholic monasteries spread widely across the country. These monasteries, usin... | What are three examples of fast food dishes in Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
37
],
"text": [
"Francesinha (Frenchie) from Porto, and bifanas (grilled pork) or prego (grilled beef) sandwiches"
]
} |
573429e3d058e614000b6a79 | Portugal | Typical fast food dishes include the Francesinha (Frenchie) from Porto, and bifanas (grilled pork) or prego (grilled beef) sandwiches, which are well known around the country. The Portuguese art of pastry has its origins in the many medieval Catholic monasteries spread widely across the country. These monasteries, usin... | Where does the Portuguese art of pastry have its origins? | {
"answer_start": [
221
],
"text": [
"in the many medieval Catholic monasteries spread widely across the country"
]
} |
573429e3d058e614000b6a7a | Portugal | Typical fast food dishes include the Francesinha (Frenchie) from Porto, and bifanas (grilled pork) or prego (grilled beef) sandwiches, which are well known around the country. The Portuguese art of pastry has its origins in the many medieval Catholic monasteries spread widely across the country. These monasteries, usin... | What are the main ingredients used to make pastries in the monasteries? | {
"answer_start": [
351
],
"text": [
"almonds, flour, eggs and some liquor"
]
} |
573429e3d058e614000b6a7b | Portugal | Typical fast food dishes include the Francesinha (Frenchie) from Porto, and bifanas (grilled pork) or prego (grilled beef) sandwiches, which are well known around the country. The Portuguese art of pastry has its origins in the many medieval Catholic monasteries spread widely across the country. These monasteries, usin... | What are two examples of Portuguese pastries? | {
"answer_start": [
465
],
"text": [
"pastéis de Belém (or pastéis de nata) originally from Lisbon, and ovos moles from Aveiro"
]
} |
57342a56d058e614000b6a80 | Portugal | Portuguese wines have enjoyed international recognition since the times of the Romans, who associated Portugal with their god Bacchus. Today, the country is known by wine lovers and its wines have won several international prizes. Some of the best Portuguese wines are: Vinho Verde, Vinho Alvarinho, Vinho do Douro, Vinh... | Since when have Portuguese wines garnished international recognition? | {
"answer_start": [
56
],
"text": [
"since the times of the Romans"
]
} |
57342a56d058e614000b6a81 | Portugal | Portuguese wines have enjoyed international recognition since the times of the Romans, who associated Portugal with their god Bacchus. Today, the country is known by wine lovers and its wines have won several international prizes. Some of the best Portuguese wines are: Vinho Verde, Vinho Alvarinho, Vinho do Douro, Vinh... | With which Roman God was Portugal associated with? | {
"answer_start": [
126
],
"text": [
"Bacchus"
]
} |
57342a56d058e614000b6a82 | Portugal | Portuguese wines have enjoyed international recognition since the times of the Romans, who associated Portugal with their god Bacchus. Today, the country is known by wine lovers and its wines have won several international prizes. Some of the best Portuguese wines are: Vinho Verde, Vinho Alvarinho, Vinho do Douro, Vinh... | What are some of the best Portuguese wines? | {
"answer_start": [
270
],
"text": [
"Vinho Verde, Vinho Alvarinho, Vinho do Douro, Vinho do Alentejo, Vinho do Dão, Vinho da Bairrada and the sweet: Port Wine, Madeira Wine"
]
} |
57342a56d058e614000b6a83 | Portugal | Portuguese wines have enjoyed international recognition since the times of the Romans, who associated Portugal with their god Bacchus. Today, the country is known by wine lovers and its wines have won several international prizes. Some of the best Portuguese wines are: Vinho Verde, Vinho Alvarinho, Vinho do Douro, Vinh... | Which two Portuguese wines are especially enjoyed around the world? | {
"answer_start": [
446
],
"text": [
"Port and Madeira"
]
} |
57342b24d058e614000b6a92 | Portugal | Portugal has several summer music festivals, such as Festival Sudoeste in Zambujeira do Mar, Festival de Paredes de Coura in Paredes de Coura, Festival Vilar de Mouros near Caminha, Boom Festival in Idanha-a-Nova Municipality, Optimus Alive!, Sumol Summer Fest in Ericeira, Rock in Rio Lisboa and Super Bock Super Rock i... | What are a couple examples of Summer music festivals held in Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
53
],
"text": [
"Festival Sudoeste in Zambujeira do Mar, Festival de Paredes de Coura in Paredes de Coura, Festival Vilar de Mouros near Caminha,"
]
} |
57342b24d058e614000b6a93 | Portugal | Portugal has several summer music festivals, such as Festival Sudoeste in Zambujeira do Mar, Festival de Paredes de Coura in Paredes de Coura, Festival Vilar de Mouros near Caminha, Boom Festival in Idanha-a-Nova Municipality, Optimus Alive!, Sumol Summer Fest in Ericeira, Rock in Rio Lisboa and Super Bock Super Rock i... | What are a couple examples of non-Summer music festivals in Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
447
],
"text": [
"Flowfest or Hip Hop Porto"
]
} |
57342b24d058e614000b6a94 | Portugal | Portugal has several summer music festivals, such as Festival Sudoeste in Zambujeira do Mar, Festival de Paredes de Coura in Paredes de Coura, Festival Vilar de Mouros near Caminha, Boom Festival in Idanha-a-Nova Municipality, Optimus Alive!, Sumol Summer Fest in Ericeira, Rock in Rio Lisboa and Super Bock Super Rock i... | What is the Boom Festival? | {
"answer_start": [
487
],
"text": [
"one of the largest international Goa trance festivals takes place in central Portugal every two years"
]
} |
57342b24d058e614000b6a95 | Portugal | Portugal has several summer music festivals, such as Festival Sudoeste in Zambujeira do Mar, Festival de Paredes de Coura in Paredes de Coura, Festival Vilar de Mouros near Caminha, Boom Festival in Idanha-a-Nova Municipality, Optimus Alive!, Sumol Summer Fest in Ericeira, Rock in Rio Lisboa and Super Bock Super Rock i... | What international awards have been won by the Boom Festival? | {
"answer_start": [
681
],
"text": [
"European Festival Award 2010 – Green'n'Clean Festival of the Year and the Greener Festival Award Outstanding 2008 and 2010"
]
} |
57342b24d058e614000b6a96 | Portugal | Portugal has several summer music festivals, such as Festival Sudoeste in Zambujeira do Mar, Festival de Paredes de Coura in Paredes de Coura, Festival Vilar de Mouros near Caminha, Boom Festival in Idanha-a-Nova Municipality, Optimus Alive!, Sumol Summer Fest in Ericeira, Rock in Rio Lisboa and Super Bock Super Rock i... | In which year did Portugal hold the MTV Europe Music Awards? | {
"answer_start": [
920
],
"text": [
"2005"
]
} |
57342bbc4776f419006619f1 | Portugal | In the classical music domain, Portugal is represented by names as the pianists Artur Pizarro, Maria João Pires, Sequeira Costa, the violinists Carlos Damas, Gerardo Ribeiro and in the past by the great cellist Guilhermina Suggia. Notable composers include José Vianna da Motta, Carlos Seixas, João Domingos Bomtempo, Jo... | What are some examples of classical pianists from Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
80
],
"text": [
"Artur Pizarro, Maria João Pires, Sequeira Costa"
]
} |
57342bbc4776f419006619f2 | Portugal | In the classical music domain, Portugal is represented by names as the pianists Artur Pizarro, Maria João Pires, Sequeira Costa, the violinists Carlos Damas, Gerardo Ribeiro and in the past by the great cellist Guilhermina Suggia. Notable composers include José Vianna da Motta, Carlos Seixas, João Domingos Bomtempo, Jo... | What are some examples of classical violinists from Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
144
],
"text": [
"Carlos Damas, Gerardo Ribeiro"
]
} |
57342bbc4776f419006619f3 | Portugal | In the classical music domain, Portugal is represented by names as the pianists Artur Pizarro, Maria João Pires, Sequeira Costa, the violinists Carlos Damas, Gerardo Ribeiro and in the past by the great cellist Guilhermina Suggia. Notable composers include José Vianna da Motta, Carlos Seixas, João Domingos Bomtempo, Jo... | Who are some notable musical composers from Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
257
],
"text": [
"José Vianna da Motta, Carlos Seixas, João Domingos Bomtempo, João de Sousa Carvalho, Luís de Freitas Branco and his student Joly Braga Santos"
]
} |
57342bbc4776f419006619f4 | Portugal | In the classical music domain, Portugal is represented by names as the pianists Artur Pizarro, Maria João Pires, Sequeira Costa, the violinists Carlos Damas, Gerardo Ribeiro and in the past by the great cellist Guilhermina Suggia. Notable composers include José Vianna da Motta, Carlos Seixas, João Domingos Bomtempo, Jo... | Who are some contemporary composers from Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
499
],
"text": [
"Nuno Malo and Miguel d'Oliveira"
]
} |
57342c97d058e614000b6a9c | Portugal | The 20th century saw the arrival of Modernism, and along with it came the most prominent Portuguese painters: Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso, who was heavily influenced by French painters, particularly by the Delaunays. Among his best-known works is Canção Popular a Russa e o Fígaro. Another great modernist painters/writers w... | In which century did Portugal see the arrival of Modernism? | {
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"20th century"
]
} |
57342c97d058e614000b6a9d | Portugal | The 20th century saw the arrival of Modernism, and along with it came the most prominent Portuguese painters: Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso, who was heavily influenced by French painters, particularly by the Delaunays. Among his best-known works is Canção Popular a Russa e o Fígaro. Another great modernist painters/writers w... | By what group was Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso most heavily influenced by? | {
"answer_start": [
165
],
"text": [
"French painters, particularly by the Delaunays"
]
} |
57342c97d058e614000b6a9e | Portugal | The 20th century saw the arrival of Modernism, and along with it came the most prominent Portuguese painters: Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso, who was heavily influenced by French painters, particularly by the Delaunays. Among his best-known works is Canção Popular a Russa e o Fígaro. Another great modernist painters/writers w... | What is one of Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso's best known works? | {
"answer_start": [
243
],
"text": [
"Canção Popular a Russa e o Fígaro"
]
} |
57342c97d058e614000b6a9f | Portugal | The 20th century saw the arrival of Modernism, and along with it came the most prominent Portuguese painters: Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso, who was heavily influenced by French painters, particularly by the Delaunays. Among his best-known works is Canção Popular a Russa e o Fígaro. Another great modernist painters/writers w... | Who are some of the most prominent modern visual artists in Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
568
],
"text": [
"Vieira da Silva, Júlio Pomar, Helena Almeida, Joana Vasconcelos, Julião Sarmento and Paula Rego"
]
} |
57342d5b4776f41900661a17 | Portugal | Football is the most popular sport in Portugal. There are several football competitions ranging from local amateur to world-class professional level. The legendary Eusébio is still a major symbol of Portuguese football history. FIFA World Player of the Year winners Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo who won the FIFA Ballo... | What is the most popular sport in Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Football"
]
} |
57342d5b4776f41900661a18 | Portugal | Football is the most popular sport in Portugal. There are several football competitions ranging from local amateur to world-class professional level. The legendary Eusébio is still a major symbol of Portuguese football history. FIFA World Player of the Year winners Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo who won the FIFA Ballo... | What is still a major symbol of Portuguese football history? | {
"answer_start": [
164
],
"text": [
"Eusébio"
]
} |
57342d5b4776f41900661a19 | Portugal | Football is the most popular sport in Portugal. There are several football competitions ranging from local amateur to world-class professional level. The legendary Eusébio is still a major symbol of Portuguese football history. FIFA World Player of the Year winners Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo who won the FIFA Ballo... | Who are two examples of the top football players born in Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
266
],
"text": [
"Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo"
]
} |
57342d5b4776f41900661a1a | Portugal | Football is the most popular sport in Portugal. There are several football competitions ranging from local amateur to world-class professional level. The legendary Eusébio is still a major symbol of Portuguese football history. FIFA World Player of the Year winners Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo who won the FIFA Ballo... | What award did both Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo win? | {
"answer_start": [
228
],
"text": [
"FIFA World Player of the Year"
]
} |
57342d5b4776f41900661a1b | Portugal | Football is the most popular sport in Portugal. There are several football competitions ranging from local amateur to world-class professional level. The legendary Eusébio is still a major symbol of Portuguese football history. FIFA World Player of the Year winners Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo who won the FIFA Ballo... | Who are some of the most renowned football managers in Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
509
],
"text": [
"José Mourinho, André Villas-Boas, Fernando Santos, Carlos Queiroz and Manuel José"
]
} |
57342e50d058e614000b6aae | Portugal | SL Benfica, FC Porto, and Sporting CP are the largest sports clubs by popularity and by number of trophies won, often known as "os três grandes" ("the big three"). They have won eight titles in the European UEFA club competitions, were present in many finals and have been regular contenders in the last stages almost ev... | What are the three largest sports clubs by popularity in Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"SL Benfica, FC Porto, and Sporting CP"
]
} |
57342e50d058e614000b6aaf | Portugal | SL Benfica, FC Porto, and Sporting CP are the largest sports clubs by popularity and by number of trophies won, often known as "os três grandes" ("the big three"). They have won eight titles in the European UEFA club competitions, were present in many finals and have been regular contenders in the last stages almost ev... | What are the three largest sports club by popularity in Portugal known as? | {
"answer_start": [
127
],
"text": [
"\"os três grandes\" (\"the big three\")"
]
} |
57342e50d058e614000b6ab0 | Portugal | SL Benfica, FC Porto, and Sporting CP are the largest sports clubs by popularity and by number of trophies won, often known as "os três grandes" ("the big three"). They have won eight titles in the European UEFA club competitions, were present in many finals and have been regular contenders in the last stages almost ev... | How many titles in the European UEFA club competitions have "the big three" won? | {
"answer_start": [
178
],
"text": [
"eight"
]
} |
57342e50d058e614000b6ab1 | Portugal | SL Benfica, FC Porto, and Sporting CP are the largest sports clubs by popularity and by number of trophies won, often known as "os três grandes" ("the big three"). They have won eight titles in the European UEFA club competitions, were present in many finals and have been regular contenders in the last stages almost ev... | Other than football, what other sports are popular in Portugal? | {
"answer_start": [
515
],
"text": [
"roller hockey, basketball, futsal, handball, and volleyball"
]
} |
57342e50d058e614000b6ab2 | Portugal | SL Benfica, FC Porto, and Sporting CP are the largest sports clubs by popularity and by number of trophies won, often known as "os três grandes" ("the big three"). They have won eight titles in the European UEFA club competitions, were present in many finals and have been regular contenders in the last stages almost ev... | By what entity is the Algarve Cup hosted? | {
"answer_start": [
580
],
"text": [
"Portuguese Football Federation (FPF) – Federação Portuguesa de Futebol"
]
} |
57327732b9d445190005eb3f | Humanism | Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the su... | What can be seen as of essential importance to a practiced of humanism? | {
"answer_start": [
87
],
"text": [
"human beings"
]
} |
57327732b9d445190005eb40 | Humanism | Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the su... | What is a common tenant of humanism? | {
"answer_start": [
470
],
"text": [
"freedom and progress"
]
} |
57327732b9d445190005eb41 | Humanism | Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the su... | These days humanism could be viewed as a form of what? | {
"answer_start": [
555
],
"text": [
"secularism"
]
} |
57327732b9d445190005eb42 | Humanism | Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the su... | What can be credited for the changes in the definition of humanism? | {
"answer_start": [
329
],
"text": [
"intellectual movements"
]
} |
57327732b9d445190005eb43 | Humanism | Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the su... | Instead of turning to a spiritual or divine source practicers of humanism turn to what? | {
"answer_start": [
672
],
"text": [
"science"
]
} |
5a81ddc931013a001a334f17 | Humanism | Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the su... | What can be seen as no importance to the practice of humanism? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81ddc931013a001a334f18 | Humanism | Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the su... | What is a fake tenant of humanism? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81ddc931013a001a334f19 | Humanism | Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the su... | What is humanism no longer viewed as a form of? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81ddc931013a001a334f1a | Humanism | Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the su... | What had no influence on the changes in the definition of humanism? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81ddc931013a001a334f1b | Humanism | Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the su... | What does humanism condemn instead of turning to a spiritual or divine source? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
57327819e99e3014001e67ca | Humanism | Gellius says that in his day humanitas is commonly used as a synonym for philanthropy – or kindness and benevolence toward one's fellow human being. Gellius maintains that this common usage is wrong, and that model writers of Latin, such as Cicero and others, used the word only to mean what we might call "humane" or "p... | What was humanism once considered the same as? | {
"answer_start": [
73
],
"text": [
"philanthropy"
]
} |
57327819e99e3014001e67cb | Humanism | Gellius says that in his day humanitas is commonly used as a synonym for philanthropy – or kindness and benevolence toward one's fellow human being. Gellius maintains that this common usage is wrong, and that model writers of Latin, such as Cicero and others, used the word only to mean what we might call "humane" or "p... | Who has disagreed with this connotation of the word? | {
"answer_start": [
149
],
"text": [
"Gellius"
]
} |
57327819e99e3014001e67cc | Humanism | Gellius says that in his day humanitas is commonly used as a synonym for philanthropy – or kindness and benevolence toward one's fellow human being. Gellius maintains that this common usage is wrong, and that model writers of Latin, such as Cicero and others, used the word only to mean what we might call "humane" or "p... | In which period did Gellius gain fame? | {
"answer_start": [
410
],
"text": [
"Italian Renaissance"
]
} |
57327819e99e3014001e67cd | Humanism | Gellius says that in his day humanitas is commonly used as a synonym for philanthropy – or kindness and benevolence toward one's fellow human being. Gellius maintains that this common usage is wrong, and that model writers of Latin, such as Cicero and others, used the word only to mean what we might call "humane" or "p... | Who is credited with clarifying and making the term humanitas commonplace? | {
"answer_start": [
241
],
"text": [
"Cicero"
]
} |
57327819e99e3014001e67ce | Humanism | Gellius says that in his day humanitas is commonly used as a synonym for philanthropy – or kindness and benevolence toward one's fellow human being. Gellius maintains that this common usage is wrong, and that model writers of Latin, such as Cicero and others, used the word only to mean what we might call "humane" or "p... | What is the characteristic that most separates humans from animals? | {
"answer_start": [
858
],
"text": [
"speech"
]
} |
5a81debb31013a001a334f21 | Humanism | Gellius says that in his day humanitas is commonly used as a synonym for philanthropy – or kindness and benevolence toward one's fellow human being. Gellius maintains that this common usage is wrong, and that model writers of Latin, such as Cicero and others, used the word only to mean what we might call "humane" or "p... | What was humanism once considered worse than? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81debb31013a001a334f22 | Humanism | Gellius says that in his day humanitas is commonly used as a synonym for philanthropy – or kindness and benevolence toward one's fellow human being. Gellius maintains that this common usage is wrong, and that model writers of Latin, such as Cicero and others, used the word only to mean what we might call "humane" or "p... | Who can't disagree with a connotation of a word? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81debb31013a001a334f23 | Humanism | Gellius says that in his day humanitas is commonly used as a synonym for philanthropy – or kindness and benevolence toward one's fellow human being. Gellius maintains that this common usage is wrong, and that model writers of Latin, such as Cicero and others, used the word only to mean what we might call "humane" or "p... | Which period did Gellius lose fame? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81debb31013a001a334f24 | Humanism | Gellius says that in his day humanitas is commonly used as a synonym for philanthropy – or kindness and benevolence toward one's fellow human being. Gellius maintains that this common usage is wrong, and that model writers of Latin, such as Cicero and others, used the word only to mean what we might call "humane" or "p... | Who is credited with clarifying and making the term humanitas forbidden? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81debb31013a001a334f25 | Humanism | Gellius says that in his day humanitas is commonly used as a synonym for philanthropy – or kindness and benevolence toward one's fellow human being. Gellius maintains that this common usage is wrong, and that model writers of Latin, such as Cicero and others, used the word only to mean what we might call "humane" or "p... | What is the characteristic that most indicates why humans are the same as robots? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
573278c8e99e3014001e67d4 | Humanism | During the French Revolution, and soon after, in Germany (by the Left Hegelians), humanism began to refer to an ethical philosophy centered on humankind, without attention to the transcendent or supernatural. The designation Religious Humanism refers to organized groups that sprang up during the late-nineteenth and ear... | At the time of the French Revolution what previous focus of humanism was removed? | {
"answer_start": [
195
],
"text": [
"supernatural"
]
} |
573278c8e99e3014001e67d5 | Humanism | During the French Revolution, and soon after, in Germany (by the Left Hegelians), humanism began to refer to an ethical philosophy centered on humankind, without attention to the transcendent or supernatural. The designation Religious Humanism refers to organized groups that sprang up during the late-nineteenth and ear... | Protestantism differs from Humanism in its focus is on what? | {
"answer_start": [
451
],
"text": [
"supernatural"
]
} |
573278c8e99e3014001e67d6 | Humanism | During the French Revolution, and soon after, in Germany (by the Left Hegelians), humanism began to refer to an ethical philosophy centered on humankind, without attention to the transcendent or supernatural. The designation Religious Humanism refers to organized groups that sprang up during the late-nineteenth and ear... | What do current tenants humanism have their origins in? | {
"answer_start": [
556
],
"text": [
"18th-century Enlightenment"
]
} |
573278c8e99e3014001e67d7 | Humanism | During the French Revolution, and soon after, in Germany (by the Left Hegelians), humanism began to refer to an ethical philosophy centered on humankind, without attention to the transcendent or supernatural. The designation Religious Humanism refers to organized groups that sprang up during the late-nineteenth and ear... | What was a name for humanism believers who emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries? | {
"answer_start": [
225
],
"text": [
"Religious Humanism"
]
} |
5a81df6631013a001a334f2b | Humanism | During the French Revolution, and soon after, in Germany (by the Left Hegelians), humanism began to refer to an ethical philosophy centered on humankind, without attention to the transcendent or supernatural. The designation Religious Humanism refers to organized groups that sprang up during the late-nineteenth and ear... | What previous focus of humanism was required at the time of the French Revolution? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81df6631013a001a334f2c | Humanism | During the French Revolution, and soon after, in Germany (by the Left Hegelians), humanism began to refer to an ethical philosophy centered on humankind, without attention to the transcendent or supernatural. The designation Religious Humanism refers to organized groups that sprang up during the late-nineteenth and ear... | What makes Protestantism the exact same as Humanism? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81df6631013a001a334f2d | Humanism | During the French Revolution, and soon after, in Germany (by the Left Hegelians), humanism began to refer to an ethical philosophy centered on humankind, without attention to the transcendent or supernatural. The designation Religious Humanism refers to organized groups that sprang up during the late-nineteenth and ear... | What do current tenants of humanism avoid? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81df6631013a001a334f2e | Humanism | During the French Revolution, and soon after, in Germany (by the Left Hegelians), humanism began to refer to an ethical philosophy centered on humankind, without attention to the transcendent or supernatural. The designation Religious Humanism refers to organized groups that sprang up during the late-nineteenth and ear... | What was a name for humanism believers who emerged in the late 12th and early 13th centuries? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5732793be99e3014001e67dc | Humanism | In 1808 Bavarian educational commissioner Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer coined the term Humanismus to describe the new classical curriculum he planned to offer in German secondary schools, and by 1836 the word "humanism" had been absorbed into the English language in this sense. The coinage gained universal acceptance ... | In what year did the term humanism gain yet another layer of meaning? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"1808"
]
} |
5732793be99e3014001e67dd | Humanism | In 1808 Bavarian educational commissioner Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer coined the term Humanismus to describe the new classical curriculum he planned to offer in German secondary schools, and by 1836 the word "humanism" had been absorbed into the English language in this sense. The coinage gained universal acceptance ... | Who can be credited with assisting the word humanism with finding a home in the English language? | {
"answer_start": [
42
],
"text": [
"Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer"
]
} |
5732793be99e3014001e67de | Humanism | In 1808 Bavarian educational commissioner Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer coined the term Humanismus to describe the new classical curriculum he planned to offer in German secondary schools, and by 1836 the word "humanism" had been absorbed into the English language in this sense. The coinage gained universal acceptance ... | Who was responsible for yet another definition of the philosophy in 1856? | {
"answer_start": [
367
],
"text": [
"Georg Voigt"
]
} |
5732793be99e3014001e67df | Humanism | In 1808 Bavarian educational commissioner Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer coined the term Humanismus to describe the new classical curriculum he planned to offer in German secondary schools, and by 1836 the word "humanism" had been absorbed into the English language in this sense. The coinage gained universal acceptance ... | What nation was highly receptive to the new definition of this concept? | {
"answer_start": [
590
],
"text": [
"Italy"
]
} |
5a81dffd31013a001a334f33 | Humanism | In 1808 Bavarian educational commissioner Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer coined the term Humanismus to describe the new classical curriculum he planned to offer in German secondary schools, and by 1836 the word "humanism" had been absorbed into the English language in this sense. The coinage gained universal acceptance ... | What year did the term humanism remove yet another layer of meaning? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81dffd31013a001a334f34 | Humanism | In 1808 Bavarian educational commissioner Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer coined the term Humanismus to describe the new classical curriculum he planned to offer in German secondary schools, and by 1836 the word "humanism" had been absorbed into the English language in this sense. The coinage gained universal acceptance ... | Who can be credited with assisting the word humanism with finding a barrier from the English language? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81dffd31013a001a334f35 | Humanism | In 1808 Bavarian educational commissioner Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer coined the term Humanismus to describe the new classical curriculum he planned to offer in German secondary schools, and by 1836 the word "humanism" had been absorbed into the English language in this sense. The coinage gained universal acceptance ... | Who was responsible for yet another definition of the philosophy in 1854? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81dffd31013a001a334f36 | Humanism | In 1808 Bavarian educational commissioner Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer coined the term Humanismus to describe the new classical curriculum he planned to offer in German secondary schools, and by 1836 the word "humanism" had been absorbed into the English language in this sense. The coinage gained universal acceptance ... | What nation was not receptive to the new definition of this concept? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81dffd31013a001a334f37 | Humanism | In 1808 Bavarian educational commissioner Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer coined the term Humanismus to describe the new classical curriculum he planned to offer in German secondary schools, and by 1836 the word "humanism" had been absorbed into the English language in this sense. The coinage gained universal acceptance ... | Who destroyed the term Humanismus? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
57327a00e17f3d140042299d | Humanism | But in the mid-18th century, during the French Enlightenment, a more ideological use of the term had come into use. In 1765, the author of an anonymous article in a French Enlightenment periodical spoke of "The general love of humanity ... a virtue hitherto quite nameless among us, and which we will venture to call 'hu... | During which period was the philosophy of humanism next updated? | {
"answer_start": [
40
],
"text": [
"French Enlightenment"
]
} |
57327a00e17f3d140042299e | Humanism | But in the mid-18th century, during the French Enlightenment, a more ideological use of the term had come into use. In 1765, the author of an anonymous article in a French Enlightenment periodical spoke of "The general love of humanity ... a virtue hitherto quite nameless among us, and which we will venture to call 'hu... | What was the criticism of Humanism made by conservatives of the time? | {
"answer_start": [
1019
],
"text": [
"idolatry of humanity"
]
} |
57327a00e17f3d140042299f | Humanism | But in the mid-18th century, during the French Enlightenment, a more ideological use of the term had come into use. In 1765, the author of an anonymous article in a French Enlightenment periodical spoke of "The general love of humanity ... a virtue hitherto quite nameless among us, and which we will venture to call 'hu... | Who continued to support the belief system despite its critics? | {
"answer_start": [
1531
],
"text": [
"liberal reformers and radicals"
]
} |
57327a00e17f3d14004229a0 | Humanism | But in the mid-18th century, during the French Enlightenment, a more ideological use of the term had come into use. In 1765, the author of an anonymous article in a French Enlightenment periodical spoke of "The general love of humanity ... a virtue hitherto quite nameless among us, and which we will venture to call 'hu... | Who felt that humanism would surely be a major "religion" today? | {
"answer_start": [
1822
],
"text": [
"Ernest Renan"
]
} |
5a81e0d731013a001a334f47 | Humanism | But in the mid-18th century, during the French Enlightenment, a more ideological use of the term had come into use. In 1765, the author of an anonymous article in a French Enlightenment periodical spoke of "The general love of humanity ... a virtue hitherto quite nameless among us, and which we will venture to call 'hu... | Which period was the philosophy of humanism banned? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81e0d731013a001a334f48 | Humanism | But in the mid-18th century, during the French Enlightenment, a more ideological use of the term had come into use. In 1765, the author of an anonymous article in a French Enlightenment periodical spoke of "The general love of humanity ... a virtue hitherto quite nameless among us, and which we will venture to call 'hu... | What was the criticism of Humanism made by magicians of the time? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81e0d731013a001a334f49 | Humanism | But in the mid-18th century, during the French Enlightenment, a more ideological use of the term had come into use. In 1765, the author of an anonymous article in a French Enlightenment periodical spoke of "The general love of humanity ... a virtue hitherto quite nameless among us, and which we will venture to call 'hu... | Who continued to end the belief system despite its critics? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81e0d731013a001a334f4a | Humanism | But in the mid-18th century, during the French Enlightenment, a more ideological use of the term had come into use. In 1765, the author of an anonymous article in a French Enlightenment periodical spoke of "The general love of humanity ... a virtue hitherto quite nameless among us, and which we will venture to call 'hu... | Who felt that humanism would surely be a minor "religion" today? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81e0d731013a001a334f4b | Humanism | But in the mid-18th century, during the French Enlightenment, a more ideological use of the term had come into use. In 1765, the author of an anonymous article in a French Enlightenment periodical spoke of "The general love of humanity ... a virtue hitherto quite nameless among us, and which we will venture to call 'hu... | What idea was never attacked? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
57327a72e17f3d14004229a5 | Humanism | At about the same time, the word "humanism" as a philosophy centred on humankind (as opposed to institutionalised religion) was also being used in Germany by the so-called Left Hegelians, Arnold Ruge, and Karl Marx, who were critical of the close involvement of the church in the repressive German government. There has ... | What was the main difference between humanism and the religions of the time? | {
"answer_start": [
60
],
"text": [
"centred on humankind"
]
} |
57327a72e17f3d14004229a6 | Humanism | At about the same time, the word "humanism" as a philosophy centred on humankind (as opposed to institutionalised religion) was also being used in Germany by the so-called Left Hegelians, Arnold Ruge, and Karl Marx, who were critical of the close involvement of the church in the repressive German government. There has ... | What well known socialist adopted the usage of this term in Germany? | {
"answer_start": [
205
],
"text": [
"Karl Marx"
]
} |
57327a72e17f3d14004229a7 | Humanism | At about the same time, the word "humanism" as a philosophy centred on humankind (as opposed to institutionalised religion) was also being used in Germany by the so-called Left Hegelians, Arnold Ruge, and Karl Marx, who were critical of the close involvement of the church in the repressive German government. There has ... | Who did benevolent believers in humanism turn to for ideas about the philosophy? | {
"answer_start": [
517
],
"text": [
"Greek philosophers"
]
} |
57327a72e17f3d14004229a8 | Humanism | At about the same time, the word "humanism" as a philosophy centred on humankind (as opposed to institutionalised religion) was also being used in Germany by the so-called Left Hegelians, Arnold Ruge, and Karl Marx, who were critical of the close involvement of the church in the repressive German government. There has ... | Where did the learned believers place their focus? | {
"answer_start": [
617
],
"text": [
"linguistic and cultural disciplines"
]
} |
5a81e19a31013a001a334f59 | Humanism | At about the same time, the word "humanism" as a philosophy centred on humankind (as opposed to institutionalised religion) was also being used in Germany by the so-called Left Hegelians, Arnold Ruge, and Karl Marx, who were critical of the close involvement of the church in the repressive German government. There has ... | What was the main avoidance between humanism and the religions of the time? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
5a81e19a31013a001a334f5a | Humanism | At about the same time, the word "humanism" as a philosophy centred on humankind (as opposed to institutionalised religion) was also being used in Germany by the so-called Left Hegelians, Arnold Ruge, and Karl Marx, who were critical of the close involvement of the church in the repressive German government. There has ... | What well known conservative adopted the usage of this term in Germany? | {
"answer_start": [],
"text": []
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.